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User:Cao Yuan

2025-06-08T13:37:27Z

Cao Yuan:

Mongolian Ethnic Dance
Cao Yuan

Abstract
As a form of cultural pracitce,Mongolian traditional dance is not only a typical representative of grassland nomadic culture,but also an important part of Chinese dance culture（Zheng, 2023）.Chinese dance culture has a long history, among which Mongolian dance is a typical representative of northern folk dance. The formation and development of Mongolian dance is deeply related to the historical migration, cultural identity and ecology of the Mongolian people.In their daily production and life, the ancestors of the grassland express their thoughts of advocating nature and their brave and enthuisatic national character by imitating the natural forms of animals,plants,mountains,rivers and so on.Over time,the most primitive state of Mongolian dance has been formed(Olis,2024).Its movement system is not only derived from the dynamic refinement of production methods such as shamanism and Tibetan Buddhism, showing the aesthetic characteristics of 'vigorous stretch, hardness and softness'.In terms of body characteristics, Mongolian dace emphasizes the posture of 'standing chest and standing waist, waist and other parts, it forms a dynamic language of 'clear edges and corners,soft middle and rigid'. From an overall perspective, the tilt state of Mongolian dance through the lower limbs and head belongs to the key dance form in Mongolian dance(Li,2020).Dance is also a kind of language, which is the carrier of cultural inheritance and transmission. As an important part of Chinese dance culture, Mongolian dance has become an important part of the study of the historical context, national spirit and ecological wisdom of grassland civilization with its unique artistic charm and cultural value.
Main Parts
1.Historical evolution of Mongolian dance
The historical evolution of Mongolian dance can be traced back to the Neolithic Age.The evidence of rock paintings in Yinshan, Ulanqab and other places in Inner Mongolia shows that the scenes of dancers dancing with bows and simulate birds and animals in local rock paintings are closely related to the celebration dance recorded in "Mongolian Secret History", which confirms the close symbiotic relationship between early dance and hunting rituals and nature worship.After the 16th century, with the infiltration of Shamanism and Tibetan Buddhism, the religious ritual of the shamanic "spinning in place for hundreds of circles" gradually transformed into the "swinging handkerchiefs, stepping and circling in joy" of the Andai dance. This reflects the secularization of religious dance, and such scenes are particularly prominent in folk customs such as the Ordos wedding.The secularization of religious dance is particularly significant in folk scenes such as Ordos wedding. In modern times, the nomadic civilization refined Mongolian dance into several core features..The 'horse hand 'and'backward kicking step' in male dance derived from the rein posture and horse training dynamics.The 'cradle step'and 'flying geese' of female dance stimulate the migration of migratory birds through the ups and downs of their arms. This kind of artistic refinement of life movements reaches the extreme in classic works such as 'horse knife dance' of the 'horseman'.The dancer stimulates the rotation of the set of horses with a hard shoulder, and twists the waist to show the explosive force of the horse, sublimating the wisdom of grassland survival into a body language with philosophical implications.
2.Classification and corresponding characteristics of Mongolian dance
According to their functions and forms, Mongolian dances can be classified into four categories: religious and sacrificial, folk life, economic performance, and epic narrative, each with its own distinct characteristics. Among the religious and sacrificial dances, the Chama dance is based on Tibetan Buddhist celebrations, integrating the masks of guardian deities, stylized movements, and Buddhist narratives to form an artistic form that integrates "speaking, singing, dancing, and music". The dances that reflect folk customs and life are closely related to religious dances. Among them, the Andai dance is the first dance of the Mongolian people. "Andai" in the Mongolian language means "rise up" or "lift your head".Among the folk life dances, Andai dance belongs to the first dance of the Mongolian nationality.'Andai'is translated as 'bow up' or raise your head 'in the Mogolian language.The early Andai dance belongs to religious dance,which is usually used to pray for the protection of the gods and healing of diseases.(Zu long Caiqige,2023).As time goes by,Andai dance evolved from a shaman healing ritual to a collective song and dance, forming an interactive mode of "stepping around a towel and stepping around a towel"; Chopstick dance through red silk chopsticks and shoulders around the circle movement law, show male heroic spirit; Cup bowl dance with the head of the porcelain bowl, holding the double cup "pull arm, soft arm, broken shake shoulder" movement, to convey the beauty of women's modesty and flexibility. In the competitive performance dance, the horse knife dance is based on the movement of soldiers' knife drill, and shows the bravery of grassland warriors through "chopping, blocking and jumping"; The archery dance simulates the posture of drawing a bow and archery, and conveys the martial spirit by "lunging, twisting the waist and swinging the arm". Epic narrative dance is based on the heroic epic of the Mongolian nationality, and reappears historical events and myths and legends through the techniques of "duet dance, group dance and mime", which is both narrative and ornamental.
3.Cultural connotation of Mongolian dance
Mongolian dance carries deep cultural meanings that can be looked at in three main ways: the shared memories of a nomadic lifestyle, expressions of nature worship, and the unique beauty of the national spirit. The early forms of Mongolian dance, like stepping to the rhythm of the earth or dancing around trees, reflect how Mongolians lived by following water and grass. Their respect for nature comes through in their dance moves, too. They show reverence for the eagle, horses, and mountains through their movements. For instance, the dance Sawell, mimics a horse galloping with shoulder shakes, showing the strong bond that people who've lived on the prairie for generations have with their land. The energetic style of the dances matches the Mongolian character, which is known for being passionate and bold. Galloping captures the lively spirit of the Chinese people today through changes in group dance patterns, while The Sound of the Horse Bell Rings the Song of Happiness celebrates the joy of life on the grasslands with the rhythm of horse bells. These dances, with their body movements, bring a sense of national pride to life in a way that is appreciated by everyone. The movement style of Mongolian dance is unique, blending strength with grace. For example, bold and unrestrained horsesteps, vigorous and powerful shaking shoulders, and strtchy and smmoth soft arms not only show the bravery and boldness of the Mongolian people, but also reflect their love of life and pursuit of beauty(Narula,2025).
4.Modern development and innovation of Mongolian dance
Choreographers have integrated works that resoonate with audiences across generations（Si,2024）. The modern development of Mongolian dance is embodied in the three paths of contemporary reconstruction of traditional vocabulary, pratical exploration of cross-cultural integration and technological empowerment of stage aesthetics. Learning and inheriting Mongolian dance enables students to deeply appreciate the cultural values and traditional customs behind it, strengthening their cultural identity（Chen&Moonsuwan, 2025).In updating traditional moves, today's choreographers aren't just sticking to the old ways. They’re putting fresh spins on traditional movements to give them new meanings. For example, the dance Eagle keeps the classic shoulder shrug while adding modern dance ground techniques and a unique use of space to show the relationship between people and nature. Another piece, Gobi Dunes, uses 3D projection to create a desert scene, making the dance visually striking "Dancing Strings" combines the music of the Morin Khuur with modern choreography, creating an aesthetic experience of "sound and form in harmony" by drawing on the lighting changes in ballet.In terms of posture,rhythm and aesthetic style of dance, there is a certain internal relationship between the two(2023,Yang Qian). For instance, "Into the Light" draws on ballet toe techniques to expand the dimension of expression. Such innovations not only retain the stability of traditional dance funds but also expand their expressive space through modern means. These provide new approaches for the inheritance and development of Mongolian dance in the contemporary cultural context, and help Mongolian dance always remain a bridge connecting national memory and the spirit of The Times.

Terms and Expressions:

shamanism 萨满教
tibetan buddhism 藏传佛教
ulanqab city 乌兰察布
'The Secret History of the Mongols' 《蒙古秘史》
andai dance安代舞
lamaism 喇嘛教
cup and bowl dance 蛊碗舞
Totem expression 图腾表达
Khorchin'Bo'dance科尔沁“博”舞
horse-heade fiddle马头琴
'Savourden'《萨吾而登》
Combining hardness with softness刚柔并济
Buddhist narrative佛理叙事
‘Happy song bell ringing’《马铃摇响幸福歌》
‘Happy song bell ringing'《草原酒歌》

Questions:

1.What kind of historical factors is Mongolian dance related to?
2.Which two religions drove the transformation of Mongolian dance?
3.What kinds of Mongolian dance can be divided according to function and form?
4.What are the implications of the improvisational performance of Andai?
5.What is the innovation of Dancing Strings?

Answers:

1.Historical migration, cultural identity and grassland ecology
2.Shamanism and Tibetan Buddhism
3.According to the function and form, Mongolian dance can be divided into four categories: religious sacrifice, folk life, economic performance and epic narrative.
4.It is not only an imitation of grassland life, but also a strengthening of group cohesion.
5."Dancing Strings" combines morin khuur music with modern choreography, and creates an aesthetic experience of "sound-form isomorphism" by referring to ballet and lighting changes.

References:

[1]娜如拉.蒙古舞在当代舞蹈教育中的价值与影响研究[J].尚舞,2025,(05):117-119.
[2]欧丽斯.传承中华优秀传统文化背景下蒙古舞的创新路径[J].大观(论坛),2024,(09):54-56.
[3]杨婧.芭蕾基训与蒙古舞训练的融通互恰[J].尚舞,2023,(22):156-158.
[4]祖龙才其格.蒙古舞的地域特征及艺术表现分析[J].尚舞,2023,(05):123-125.
[5]李大.蒙古族民间舞蹈表演形式的地域性研究[J].艺术品鉴,2020,(24):71-72.
[6]Zheng, Fang & Li, Qi. (2023). Cultural Memory and Interpretation of Meaning: Mongolian Dance in the Perspective of the Chinese Nation Community. 10.2991/978-2-38476-126-5_220.
[7]Si, A. (2024). Exploring the Integration of Mongolian Dance in Aesthetic Education for its Inheritance and Development. International Education Forum. 2. 48-53. 10.26689/ief.v2i10.8875.
[8]Chen, Yuxuan & Moonsuwan, Thanyalak. (2025). The Inheritance and Innovation of Modern Mongolian Dance: A Case Study of "Ben Teng". Journal of Posthumanism. 5. 4737-4748. 10.63332/joph.v5i5.1963.

蒙古族舞蹈

摘要
蒙古族传统舞蹈作为一种文化实践形式，不仅是草原游牧文化的典型代表，也是中国舞蹈文化的重要组成部分。(Zheng,2023)。中国舞蹈文化源远流长，其中，蒙古舞是北方民族舞蹈的典型代表。蒙古族舞蹈的形成与发展与蒙古族的历史迁徙，文化认同及生态存在着深刻的关联。蒙古族作为典型的北方游牧民族，一代代族人在日常生活中通过模仿动物、植物、山川、河流等的自然形态，用肢体语言表达了他们崇尚自然的思想和勇敢热情的民族性格，久而久之，便形成了蒙古族舞蹈的最原始形态（欧丽斯，2024）。蒙古舞蹈的动作体系既源于收留、游牧等生产方式的动态提炼，又深受萨满教，藏传佛教等宗教意识的形塑，呈现出“雄浑舒展、刚柔并济”的美学特质。在体态特征上，蒙古舞强调“挺胸立腰、上身略后倾”的体态，通过肩、臂、腕、腰等部位的协调律动，形成“棱角分明、柔中带刚”的动态语言。以整体角度分析，蒙古舞通过下肢、头部构成的倾斜状态术语蒙古舞中关键舞蹈状态（李大，2020)。舞蹈亦是语言的一种，是文化传承与传播的载体。作为中华舞蹈文化的重要组成部分，蒙古舞以其独特的艺术魅力与文化价值成为研究草原文明历史脉络、民族精神及生态智慧的重要组成部分，传承与发展蒙古族舞蹈，有助于蒙古族文化在传统与现代的对话中焕发新生。

论文主体部分
1.蒙古舞的历史演变
蒙古舞的历史演变可以追溯至新石器时代。内蒙古阴山、乌兰察布等地的岩画实证显示，当地的岩画中舞者执弓而舞、模拟飞禽走兽的场景与《蒙古秘史》记载的庆典舞蹈产生了密切关联，这印证了早期舞蹈与狩猎仪式、自然崇拜的密切共生关系。十六世纪后，随着萨满教与藏传佛教的渗透，宗教仪式转型萨满巫师“原地旋转数百圈”的祭祀舞蹈逐渐演变为安代舞中“甩巾踏步、绕圈狂欢”，这体现出了宗教舞蹈的世俗化，此类场景转向在鄂尔多斯婚礼等民俗场景中尤为显著。至近现代，游牧游牧文明将蒙古族舞蹈提纯为几项核心特征，例如，男性舞蹈中的“勒马手”“倒踢步”源自握缰姿态与驯马姿态，女性舞蹈的“摇篮步”“雁飞”则通过双臂欺负模拟候鸟迁徙，此类对生活动作的艺术化提炼在《牧马人》《刀马舞》等经典作品中达到极致，舞者以肩部硬耸模拟套马杆旋转，以腰部拧转表现勒马爆发力，将草原生存智慧升华为具有哲学意味的身体语言。
2.蒙古舞的分类与相应特色
依据功能与形式分类，蒙古舞蹈可分为宗教祭祀、民俗生活、经济表演、史诗叙事四类，所具备的特色也各不相同。宗教祭祀类舞蹈中，查玛舞以藏传佛教庆典为载体，融合护法神面具、程式化动作与佛理叙事，形成“说、唱、舞、乐”四位一体的艺术形态。反应民俗与生活的舞蹈与宗教类舞蹈存在密切关联，其中，安代舞属于蒙古族的第一舞，“安代”在蒙古族语言当中被译为“欠身起来”、“抬起头来”。初期的安代舞属于宗教性舞蹈，通常用来祈求神灵庇佑、求神治病（祖龙才其格，2023）。随着时间推移，安代舞从萨满治病仪式演变为集体歌舞，以“甩巾踏步、绕巾踏步”形成互动模式；筷子舞通过扎红绸的筷子与肩部绕圆动律，展现男性豪迈气概；盅碗舞以头顶瓷碗、手持双盅的“拉臂、柔臂、碎抖肩”动作，传递女性端庄柔韧之美。竞技表演类舞蹈中，马刀舞以战士持刀操练动态为原型，通过“劈砍、格挡、腾跃”展现草原武士的英勇；射箭舞则模拟拉弓射箭姿态，以“弓步、拧腰、甩臂”传递尚武精神。史诗叙事类舞蹈以蒙古族英雄史诗为蓝本，通过“对舞、群舞、哑剧”手法再现历史事件与神话传说，兼具叙事性与观赏性。
3.蒙古舞的文化内涵
蒙古舞拥有着深厚的文化内涵，其内涵可以从游牧文明集体记忆、自然崇拜图腾表达、民族精神审美呈现三重维度阐释。蒙古舞蹈的“踏地为节”、“绕树而舞”的原始形态深刻反映出蒙古族人民“逐水草而居”的生活方式。蒙古族人民对于自然崇拜的表达也反映在其舞蹈的动作中。对雄鹰、骏马、山川的崇拜直接投射于舞蹈动作中，例如，《萨吾尔登》以肩部抖动模拟骏马奔腾，传递出世代生活在草原上的人民对草原的深厚情感。“大开大合、舒展豪迈”的动律特征与蒙古族“热情奔放、豪爽不羁”的民族性格形成同构，其中，《奔腾》通过群舞阵型变化展现新时期中华民族昂扬精神，《马铃摇响幸福歌》以马铃道具节奏讴歌草原幸福生活，此类舞蹈通过身体语言的艺术处理，将民族精神升华为具有普世价值的审美形态。蒙古舞的动作特点鲜明，它融合了力量与柔美、刚健与婀娜。例如，豪迈奔放的马步、矫健有力的抖肩以及舒展流畅的柔臂等动作，既展现了蒙古族人民的勇敢和豪爽，又体现了他们对生活的热爱和对美的追求（娜如拉，2025）。
4.蒙古舞的现代发展与创新
编舞人员巧妙地将传统舞蹈元素与现代艺术理念相结合，创造出与不同年代的观众产生共鸣的创新产品（Si,2024）。蒙古族舞蹈的学习和传承，使学生对蒙古族舞蹈有了深刻的体会。学习相关的文化价值和传统习俗，加强了他们的文化认同，促进了文化包容性（Chen&Moonsuwan, 2025)。在传统语汇重构中，蒙古舞的当代编舞人员没有一味守旧，许多编导通过解构与重组赋予传统动作新内涵。如《鹰》在保留肩部硬耸基础上融入现代舞地面动作与空间调度，表现人与自然对话；《戈壁沙丘》以3D投影技术营造沙漠景观，强化舞蹈视觉冲击力。与此同时，蒙古舞积极吸收其他艺术形式养分，《舞动的琴弦》将马头琴音乐与现代编舞结合，通过借鉴芭蕾过灯光变化营造“声形同构”审美体验。由于蒙古舞与芭蕾舞在体态、韵律与舞姿审美方式上存在挺拔与直立、形体外开与内心开阔等特征，因而二者存在一定的内在关联（2023，杨倩）。例如，《走进光里》借鉴芭蕾足尖技巧拓展表现维度。此类创新既保留传统舞蹈基金稳定性，又能通过现代手段拓展其表现空间。这些为蒙古舞在当代文化语境中的传承与发展提供新途径，有助于蒙古舞蹈始终成为连接民族记忆与时代精神的桥梁。

专业术语:

萨满教 shamanism
藏传佛教 tibetan buddhism
乌兰察布 ulanqab city
《蒙古秘史》'The Secret History of the Mongols'
安代舞 andai dance
喇嘛教 lamaism
蛊碗舞 cup and bowl dance
图腾表达 Totem expression
科尔沁“博”舞Khorchin'Bo'dance
马头琴 horse-heade fiddle
《萨吾而登》‘Savourden’
刚柔并济 Combining hardness with softness
佛理叙事 Buddhist narrative
《马铃摇响幸福歌》‘Happy song bell ringing’
《草原酒歌》'Happy song bell ringing'

问题：

1.蒙古舞与蒙古族哪几种历史因素相关？
2.哪两种宗教推动了蒙古舞蹈的转型？
3.蒙古舞依照功能与形式可以分为哪几类？
4.安代舞的即兴表演有什么含义？
5.《舞动的琴弦》的创新之处在哪？

答案:

1.历史迁徙、文化认同及草原生态
2.萨满教与藏传佛教
3.蒙古舞依据功能与形式可分为宗教祭祀、民俗生活、经济表演、史诗叙事四类。
4.既是对草原生活的模仿，也是对群体凝聚力的强化。
5.《舞动的琴弦》将马头琴音乐与现代编舞结合，通借鉴芭蕾过灯光变化营造“声形同构”审美体验。

参考文献：

[1]娜如拉.蒙古舞在当代舞蹈教育中的价值与影响研究[J].尚舞,2025,(05):117-119.
[2]欧丽斯.传承中华优秀传统文化背景下蒙古舞的创新路径[J].大观(论坛),2024,(09):54-56.
[3]杨婧.芭蕾基训与蒙古舞训练的融通互恰[J].尚舞,2023,(22):156-158.
[4]祖龙才其格.蒙古舞的地域特征及艺术表现分析[J].尚舞,2023,(05):123-125.
[5]李大.蒙古族民间舞蹈表演形式的地域性研究[J].艺术品鉴,2020,(24):71-72.
[6]Zheng, Fang & Li, Qi. (2023). Cultural Memory and Interpretation of Meaning: Mongolian Dance in the Perspective of the Chinese Nation Community. 10.2991/978-2-38476-126-5_220.
[7]Si, A. (2024). Exploring the Integration of Mongolian Dance in Aesthetic Education for its Inheritance and Development. International Education Forum. 2. 48-53. 10.26689/ief.v2i10.8875.
[8]Chen, Yuxuan & Moonsuwan, Thanyalak. (2025). The Inheritance and Innovation of Modern Mongolian Dance: A Case Study of "Ben Teng". Journal of Posthumanism. 5. 4737-4748. 10.63332/joph.v5i5.1963.

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User:Cao Yuan

2025-06-08T09:44:27Z

Cao Yuan:

Mongolian Ethnic Dance
Cao Yuan

Abstract
As a form of cultural pracitce,Mongolian traditional dance is not only a typical representative of grassland nomadic culture,but also an important part of Chinese dance culture（Zheng, 2023）.Chinese dance culture has a long history, among which Mongolian dance is a typical representative of northern folk dance. The formation and development of Mongolian dance is deeply related to the historical migration, cultural identity and ecology of the Mongolian people.In their daily production and life, the ancestors of the grassland express their thoughts of advocating nature and their brave and enthuisatic national character by imitating the natural forms of animals,plants,mountains,rivers and so on.Over time,the most primitive state of Mongolian dance has been formed(Olis,2024).Its movement system is not only derived from the dynamic refinement of production methods such as shamanism and Tibetan Buddhism, showing the aesthetic characteristics of 'vigorous stretch, hardness and softness'.In terms of body characteristics, Mongolian dace emphasizes the posture of 'standing chest and standing waist, waist and other parts, it forms a dynamic language of 'clear edges and corners,soft middle and rigid'. From an overall perspective, the tilt state of Mongolian dance through the lower limbs and head belongs to the key dance form in Mongolian dance(Li,2020).Dance is also a kind of language, which is the carrier of cultural inheritance and transmission. As an important part of Chinese dance culture, Mongolian dance has become an important part of the study of the historical context, national spirit and ecological wisdom of grassland civilization with its unique artistic charm and cultural value.
Main Parts
1.Historical evolution of Mongolian dance
The historical evolution of Mongolian dance can be traced back to the Neolithic Age.In the rock paintings of Yinshan and Ulanqab in Inner Mongolia, dancers danced with bows and simulated the scenes of birds and beasts, which were intertextual with the celebratory dance recorded in the 'secret history of Mongolia', confirming the symbiotic relationship between early dance, hunting ceremony and nature worship.After 16th century, the infiltration of Shamanism and Tibetan Buddhism promoted the transformation of its religious ritualization. The sacrificial dance of Shaman wizards' rotating hundreds of circles in situ' evolved into a collective ceremony of 'throwing scarves and stepping around the circle'in Andai dance.The secularization of religious dance is particularly significant in folk scenes such as Ordos wedding. In modern times, the purification of dance in nomadic civilization has become hte core feature.The 'horse hand 'and'backward kicking step' in male dance derived from the rein posture and horse training dynamics.The 'cradle step'and 'flying geese' of female dance stimulate the migration of migratory birds through the ups and downs of their arms. This kind of artistic refinement of life movements reaches the extreme in classic works such as 'horse knife dance' of the 'horseman'.The dancer stimulates the rotation of the set of horses with a hard shoulder, and twists the waist to show the explosive force of the horse, sublimating the wisdom of grassland survival into a body language with philosophical implications.
2.Classification and corresponding characteristics of Mongolian dance
According to the function and form, Mongolian dance can be devided into four categories:religious sacrifice,folk life,competitive performance and epic narrative. In the religious sacrificical dance, Chama dance take Tibetan Buddhist celebration as the carrier, intergrates the mask of protector god, stylized movement and Buddhist narrative, and forms a four-in-one art form of'speaking,singing,dancing and music.'Among the folk life dances, Andai dance belongs to the first dance of the Mongolian nationality.'Andai'is translated as 'bow up' or raise your head 'in the Mogolian language.The early Andai dance belongs to religious dance,which is usually used to pray for the protection of the gods and healing of diseases.(Zu long Caiqige,2023).Andai dance evolved from a shaman healing ritual to a collective song and dance, forming an interactive mode of "stepping around a towel and stepping around a towel"; Chopstick dance through red silk chopsticks and shoulders around the circle movement law, show male heroic spirit; Cup bowl dance with the head of the porcelain bowl, holding the double cup "pull arm, soft arm, broken shake shoulder" movement, to convey the beauty of women's modesty and flexibility. In the competitive performance dance, the horse knife dance is based on the movement of soldiers' knife drill, and shows the bravery of grassland warriors through "chopping, blocking and jumping"; The archery dance simulates the posture of drawing a bow and archery, and conveys the martial spirit by "lunging, twisting the waist and swinging the arm". Epic narrative dance is based on the heroic epic of the Mongolian nationality, and reappears historical events and myths and legends through the techniques of "duet dance, group dance and mime", which is both narrative and ornamental.
3.Cultural connotation of Mongolian dance
The cultural coontation of Mongolian dance can be explained from the three dimensions of collective memory of nomadic civilization, totem expression of nature worship and aesthetic presentation of national spirit.The original form of 'stepping on the ground for the festival ' and 'dancing around the ress' profoundly reflects the lifestyle of 'living by water and grass.'Inthe aspect of nature worship, the worship of eagles, horses and mountains is directly projected into dance movements.'Sawuerdeng'stimulates the gallop of horses with shoulder shaking to convey deep emotion to grassland. At the level of national spirit, the rhythm characteristics of 'Dakai Dahe, Shuzhan Haomai' are isomorphic to the Mogolian national character of ' enthusiastic and uninhibited'.'Benteng' shows the high-spirited spirit of the Chinese nation in the new era through the change of group dance formation.' Happy song of bell props. This kind of dance sublimates the national spirit into and asethetic form with universal value through the artistic treatment of body language.The movement characteristics of Mongolian dance are distinct.It combines strength and softness,strength and gracefulness. For example, bold and unrestrained horsesteps, vigorous and powerful shaking shoulders, and strtchy and smmoth soft arms not only show the bravery and boldness of the Mongolian people, but also reflect their love of life and pursuit of beauty(Narula,2025).
4.Modern development and innovation of Mongolian dance
Choreographers have integrated works that resoonate with audiences across generations（Si,2024）. The modern development of Mongolian dance is embodied in the three paths of contemporary reconstruction of traditional vocabulary, pratical exploration of cross-cultural integration and technological empowerment of stage aesthetics. Learning and inheriting Mongolian dance enables students to deeply appreciate the cultural values and traditional customs behind it, strengthening their cultural identity（Chen&Moonsuwan, 2025).
In the reconstruction of traditional vocabulary, contemporary choregraphers give new connotations to traditional movements through deconsturction and reorganization. For example,'Eagle'integrates modern dance gournd movements and space scheduling on the basis of retaining shoulder hard towering, showing the dialogue between man and nature.'Gobi Dune ' uses 3D projection technology to create a desert landscape and strengthen the visual impact of dance.In terms of corss- cultural intergration,Mongolian dance actively absorbs nutrients from other art forms.' Dancing strings' combines horsehead music with modern choreography, and creates an aesthetic experience of'sound and shape isomorphsim' through light changes.Because Monogolian dance and ballet have the characteristics of upright, open outside in terms of posture,rhythm and aesthetic style of dance, there is a certain internal relationship between the two.(2023,Yang Qian)' Into the Light' expands the performance dimension by drawing on the ballet toe technique. In the field of stage aesthetics, digital media techonoligy promotes the innovatin of Mongolian dance presentation, and' grassland wine song' realizes the interaction between dancers and virtual grassland through AR technology.'Romantic Prarie' uses UAV formation to stimulate flying geese and enhance narrative tension. This kind of innovation not only retains the stability of traditional dance genes, but also expands its performance space through modern means, providing a new path for the inheritance and development of Mogolian dance in the contemporary cultural context,making it always become a link between national memory and the spirit of the lines.

Terms and Expressions:

shamanism 萨满教
tibetan buddhism 藏传佛教
ulanqab city 乌兰察布
'The Secret History of the Mongols' 《蒙古秘史》
andai dance安代舞
lamaism 喇嘛教
cup and bowl dance 蛊碗舞
Totem expression 图腾表达
Khorchin'Bo'dance科尔沁“博”舞
horse-heade fiddle马头琴
'Savourden'《萨吾而登》
Combining hardness with softness刚柔并济
Buddhist narrative佛理叙事
‘Happy song bell ringing’《马铃摇响幸福歌》
‘Happy song bell ringing'《草原酒歌》

Questions:

1.What kind of historical factors is Mongolian dance related to?
2.Which two religions drove the transformation of Mongolian dance?
3.What kinds of Mongolian dance can be divided according to function and form?
4.What are the implications of the improvisational performance of Andai?
5.What is the innovation of Dancing Strings?

Answers:

1.Historical migration, cultural identity and grassland ecology
2.Shamanism and Tibetan Buddhism
3.According to the function and form, Mongolian dance can be divided into four categories: religious sacrifice, folk life, economic performance and epic narrative.
4.It is not only an imitation of grassland life, but also a strengthening of group cohesion.
5."Dancing Strings" combines morin khuur music with modern choreography, and creates an aesthetic experience of "sound-form isomorphism" by referring to ballet and lighting changes.

References:

[1]娜如拉.蒙古舞在当代舞蹈教育中的价值与影响研究[J].尚舞,2025,(05):117-119.
[2]欧丽斯.传承中华优秀传统文化背景下蒙古舞的创新路径[J].大观(论坛),2024,(09):54-56.
[3]杨婧.芭蕾基训与蒙古舞训练的融通互恰[J].尚舞,2023,(22):156-158.
[4]祖龙才其格.蒙古舞的地域特征及艺术表现分析[J].尚舞,2023,(05):123-125.
[5]李大.蒙古族民间舞蹈表演形式的地域性研究[J].艺术品鉴,2020,(24):71-72.
[6]Zheng, Fang & Li, Qi. (2023). Cultural Memory and Interpretation of Meaning: Mongolian Dance in the Perspective of the Chinese Nation Community. 10.2991/978-2-38476-126-5_220.
[7]Si, A. (2024). Exploring the Integration of Mongolian Dance in Aesthetic Education for its Inheritance and Development. International Education Forum. 2. 48-53. 10.26689/ief.v2i10.8875.
[8]Chen, Yuxuan & Moonsuwan, Thanyalak. (2025). The Inheritance and Innovation of Modern Mongolian Dance: A Case Study of "Ben Teng". Journal of Posthumanism. 5. 4737-4748. 10.63332/joph.v5i5.1963.

蒙古族舞蹈

摘要
蒙古族传统舞蹈作为一种文化实践形式，不仅是草原游牧文化的典型代表，也是中国舞蹈文化的重要组成部分。(Zheng,2023)。中国舞蹈文化源远流长，其中，蒙古舞是北方民族舞蹈的典型代表。蒙古族舞蹈的形成与发展与蒙古族的历史迁徙，文化认同及生态存在着深刻的关联。蒙古族作为典型的北方游牧民族，一代代族人在日常生活中通过模仿动物、植物、山川、河流等的自然形态，用肢体语言表达了他们崇尚自然的思想和勇敢热情的民族性格，久而久之，便形成了蒙古族舞蹈的最原始形态（欧丽斯，2024）。蒙古舞蹈的动作体系既源于收留、游牧等生产方式的动态提炼，又深受萨满教，藏传佛教等宗教意识的形塑，呈现出“雄浑舒展、刚柔并济”的美学特质。在体态特征上，蒙古舞强调“挺胸立腰、上身略后倾”的体态，通过肩、臂、腕、腰等部位的协调律动，形成“棱角分明、柔中带刚”的动态语言。以整体角度分析，蒙古舞通过下肢、头部构成的倾斜状态术语蒙古舞中关键舞蹈状态（李大，2020)。舞蹈亦是语言的一种，是文化传承与传播的载体。作为中华舞蹈文化的重要组成部分，蒙古舞以其独特的艺术魅力与文化价值成为研究草原文明历史脉络、民族精神及生态智慧的重要组成部分，传承与发展蒙古族舞蹈，有助于蒙古族文化在传统与现代的对话中焕发新生。

论文主体部分
1.蒙古舞的历史演变
蒙古舞的历史演变可以追溯至新石器时代。内蒙古阴山、乌兰察布等地的岩画实证显示，当地的岩画中舞者执弓而舞、模拟飞禽走兽的场景，与《蒙古秘史》记载的庆典舞蹈产生了密切关联，印证早期舞蹈与狩猎仪式、自然崇拜的共生关系。十六世纪后，萨满教与藏传佛教的渗透推动宗教仪式转型萨满巫师“原地旋转数百圈”的祭祀舞蹈演变为安代舞中“甩巾踏步、绕圈狂欢”的集体意识，宗教舞蹈的世俗化转向在鄂尔多斯婚礼等民俗场景中尤为显著。至近现代，游牧游牧文明的舞蹈提纯为核心特征，男性舞蹈中的“勒马手”“倒踢步”源自握缰姿态与驯马姿态，女性舞蹈的“摇篮步”“雁飞”则通过双臂欺负模拟候鸟迁徙，此类对生活动作的艺术化提炼在《牧马人》《刀马舞》等经典作品中达到极致，舞者以肩部硬耸模拟套马杆旋转，以腰部拧转表现勒马爆发力，将草原生存智慧升华为具有哲学意味的身体语言。
2.蒙古舞的分类与相应特色
蒙古舞依据功能与形式可分为宗教祭祀、民俗生活、经济表演、史诗叙事四类。宗教祭祀类舞蹈中，查玛舞以藏传佛教庆典为载体，融合护法神面具、程式化动作与佛理叙事，形成“说、唱、舞、乐”四位一体的艺术形态。民俗生活类舞蹈中，安代舞属于蒙古族的第一舞，“安代”在蒙古族语言当中被译为“欠身起来”、“抬起头来”。初期的安代舞属于宗教性舞蹈，通常用来祈求神灵庇佑、求神治病（祖龙才其格，2023）。安代舞从萨满治病仪式演变为集体歌舞，以“甩巾踏步、绕巾踏步”形成互动模式；筷子舞通过扎红绸的筷子与肩部绕圆动律，展现男性豪迈气概；盅碗舞以头顶瓷碗、手持双盅的“拉臂、柔臂、碎抖肩”动作，传递女性端庄柔韧之美。竞技表演类舞蹈中，马刀舞以战士持刀操练动态为原型，通过“劈砍、格挡、腾跃”展现草原武士的英勇；射箭舞则模拟拉弓射箭姿态，以“弓步、拧腰、甩臂”传递尚武精神。史诗叙事类舞蹈以蒙古族英雄史诗为蓝本，通过“对舞、群舞、哑剧”手法再现历史事件与神话传说，兼具叙事性与观赏性。
3.蒙古舞的文化内涵
蒙古舞的文化内涵可以从游牧文明集体记忆、自然崇拜图腾表达、民族精神审美呈现三重维度阐释。其“踏地为节”、“绕树而舞”的原始形态深刻反映“逐水草而居”的生活方式。自然崇拜方面，对雄鹰、骏马、山川的崇拜直接投射于舞蹈动作中，《萨吾尔登》以肩部抖动模拟骏马奔腾，传递对草原的深厚情感。民族精神方面，“大开大合、舒展豪迈”的动律特征与蒙古族“热情奔放、豪爽不羁”的民族性格形成同构，《奔腾》通过群舞阵型变化展现新时期中华民族昂扬精神，《马铃摇响幸福歌》以马铃道具节奏讴歌草原幸福生活，此类舞蹈通过身体语言的艺术处理，将民族精神升华为具有普世价值的审美形态。蒙古舞的动作特点鲜明，它融合了力量与柔美、刚健与婀娜。例如，豪迈奔放的马步、矫健有力的抖肩以及舒展流畅的柔臂等动作，既展现了蒙古族人民的勇敢和豪爽，又体现了他们对生活的热爱和对美的追求（娜如拉，2025）。
4.蒙古舞的现代发展与创新
编舞人员巧妙地将传统舞蹈元素与现代艺术理念相结合，创造出与不同年代的观众产生共鸣的创新产品（Si,2024）。蒙古族舞蹈的学习和传承，使学生对蒙古族舞蹈有了深刻的体会。学习相关的文化价值和传统习俗，加强了他们的文化认同，促进了文化包容性（Chen&Moonsuwan, 2025)。在传统语汇重构中，当代编导通过解构与重组赋予传统动作新内涵，如《鹰》在保留肩部硬耸基础上融入现代舞地面动作与空
间调度，表现人与自然对话；《戈壁沙丘》以3D投影技术营造沙漠景观，强化舞蹈视觉冲击力。跨文化融合方面，蒙古舞积极吸收其他艺术形式养分，《舞动的琴弦》将马头琴音乐与现代编舞结合，通借鉴芭蕾过灯光变化营造“声形同构”审美体验；由于蒙古舞与芭蕾舞在体态、韵律与舞姿审美方式上存在挺拔与直立、形体外开与内心开阔等特征，因而二者存在一定的内在关联（2023，杨倩）。《走进光里》借鉴芭蕾足尖技巧拓展表现维度。此类创新既保留传统舞蹈基金稳定性，已通过现代手段拓展其表现空间，为蒙古舞在当代文化语境中的传承与发展提供新途径，时期始终成为连接民族记忆与时代精神的桥梁。

专业术语:

萨满教 shamanism
藏传佛教 tibetan buddhism
乌兰察布 ulanqab city
《蒙古秘史》'The Secret History of the Mongols'
安代舞 andai dance
喇嘛教 lamaism
蛊碗舞 cup and bowl dance
图腾表达 Totem expression
科尔沁“博”舞Khorchin'Bo'dance
马头琴 horse-heade fiddle
《萨吾而登》‘Savourden’
刚柔并济 Combining hardness with softness
佛理叙事 Buddhist narrative
《马铃摇响幸福歌》‘Happy song bell ringing’
《草原酒歌》'Happy song bell ringing'

问题：

1.蒙古舞与蒙古族哪几种历史因素相关？
2.哪两种宗教推动了蒙古舞蹈的转型？
3.蒙古舞依照功能与形式可以分为哪几类？
4.安代舞的即兴表演有什么含义？
5.《舞动的琴弦》的创新之处在哪？

答案:

1.历史迁徙、文化认同及草原生态
2.萨满教与藏传佛教
3.蒙古舞依据功能与形式可分为宗教祭祀、民俗生活、经济表演、史诗叙事四类。
4.既是对草原生活的模仿，也是对群体凝聚力的强化。
5.《舞动的琴弦》将马头琴音乐与现代编舞结合，通借鉴芭蕾过灯光变化营造“声形同构”审美体验。

参考文献：

[1]娜如拉.蒙古舞在当代舞蹈教育中的价值与影响研究[J].尚舞,2025,(05):117-119.
[2]欧丽斯.传承中华优秀传统文化背景下蒙古舞的创新路径[J].大观(论坛),2024,(09):54-56.
[3]杨婧.芭蕾基训与蒙古舞训练的融通互恰[J].尚舞,2023,(22):156-158.
[4]祖龙才其格.蒙古舞的地域特征及艺术表现分析[J].尚舞,2023,(05):123-125.
[5]李大.蒙古族民间舞蹈表演形式的地域性研究[J].艺术品鉴,2020,(24):71-72.
[6]Zheng, Fang & Li, Qi. (2023). Cultural Memory and Interpretation of Meaning: Mongolian Dance in the Perspective of the Chinese Nation Community. 10.2991/978-2-38476-126-5_220.
[7]Si, A. (2024). Exploring the Integration of Mongolian Dance in Aesthetic Education for its Inheritance and Development. International Education Forum. 2. 48-53. 10.26689/ief.v2i10.8875.
[8]Chen, Yuxuan & Moonsuwan, Thanyalak. (2025). The Inheritance and Innovation of Modern Mongolian Dance: A Case Study of "Ben Teng". Journal of Posthumanism. 5. 4737-4748. 10.63332/joph.v5i5.1963.

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User:Cao Yuan

2025-06-06T05:54:54Z

Cao Yuan:

Mongolian Ethnic Dance
Cao Yuan

Abstract
As a form of cultural pracitce,Mongolian traditional dance is not only a typical representative of grassland nomadic culture,but also an important part of Chinese dance culture.As a typical represetative of the dance of Mongolian dance has always beendeeply embedded with the historical migration,cultural identity and grassland ecology of Mongolian. The Mongolian nationality is a typical northern nomadic people. In their daily production and life, the ancestors of the grassland express their thoughts of advocating nature and their brave and enthuisatic national character by imitating the natural forms of animals,plants,mountains,rivers and so on.Over time,the most primitive state of Mongolian dance has been formed(Olis,2024).Its movement system is not only derived from the dynamic refinement of production methods such as shamanism and Tibetan Buddhism, showing the aesthetic characteristics of 'vigorous stretch, hardness and softness'.In terms of body characteristics, Mongolian dace emphasizes the posture of 'standing chest and standing waist, waist and other parts, it forms a dynamic language of 'clear edges and corners,soft middle and rigid'. From an overall perspective, the tilt state of Mongolian dance through the lower limbs and head belongs to the key dance form in Mongolian dance(Li,2020).As an imporatant of Chinese dance culture,Mongolian dance, with its unique artistic charm and cultural value, has become an important carrier for studying the historical context, national spirit and ecological wisdom of grassland civilization. Its inheritance and development have always been rejuvenated in the dialogue between tradition and modernity.[[File:Andai_dance.jpg]]

Main Parts
1.Historical evolution of Mongolian dance
The historical evolution of Mongolian dance can be traced back to the Neolithic Age.In the rock paintings of Yinshan and Ulanqab in Inner Mongolia, dancers danced with bows and simulated the scenes of birds and beasts, which were intertextual with the celebratory dance recorded in the 'secret history of Mongolia', confirming the symbiotic relationship between early dance, hunting ceremony and nature worship.After 16th century, the infiltration of Shamanism and Tibetan Buddhism promoted the transformation of its religious ritualization. The sacrificial dance of Shaman wizards' rotating hundreds of circles in situ' evolved into a collective ceremony of 'throwing scarves and stepping around the circle'in Andai dance.The secularization of religious dance is particularly significant in folk scenes such as Ordos wedding. In modern times, the purification of dance in nomadic civilization has become hte core feature.The 'horse hand 'and'backward kicking step' in male dance derived from the rein posture and horse training dynamics.The 'cradle step'and 'flying geese' of female dance stimulate the migration of migratory birds through the ups and downs of their arms. This kind of artistic refinement of life movements reaches the extreme in classic works such as 'horse knife dance' of the 'horseman'.The dancer stimulates the rotation of the set of horses with a hard shoulder, and twists the waist to show the explosive force of the horse, sublimating the wisdom of grassland survival into a body language with philosophical implications.
2.Classification and corresponding characteristics of Mongolian dance
According to the function and form, Mongolian dance can be devided into four categories:religious sacrifice,folk life,competitive performance and epic narrative. In the religious sacrificical dance, Chama dance take Tibetan Buddhist celebration as the carrier, intergrates the mask of protector god, stylized movement and Buddhist narrative, and forms a four-in-one art form of'speaking,singing,dancing and music.'Among the folk life dances, Andai dance belongs to the first dance of the Mongolian nationality.'Andai'is translated as 'bow up' or raise your head 'in the Mogolian language.The early Andai dance belongs to religious dance,which is usually used to pray for the protection of the gods and healing of diseases.(Zu long Caiqige,2023).Andai dance evolved from a shaman healing ritual to a collective song and dance, forming an interactive mode of "stepping around a towel and stepping around a towel"; Chopstick dance through red silk chopsticks and shoulders around the circle movement law, show male heroic spirit; Cup bowl dance with the head of the porcelain bowl, holding the double cup "pull arm, soft arm, broken shake shoulder" movement, to convey the beauty of women's modesty and flexibility. In the competitive performance dance, the horse knife dance is based on the movement of soldiers' knife drill, and shows the bravery of grassland warriors through "chopping, blocking and jumping"; The archery dance simulates the posture of drawing a bow and archery, and conveys the martial spirit by "lunging, twisting the waist and swinging the arm". Epic narrative dance is based on the heroic epic of the Mongolian nationality, and reappears historical events and myths and legends through the techniques of "duet dance, group dance and mime", which is both narrative and ornamental.
3.Cultural connotation of Mongolian dance
The cultural coontation of Mongolian dance can be explained from the three dimensions of collective memory of nomadic civilization, totem expression of nature worship and aesthetic presentation of national spirit.The original form of 'stepping on the ground for the festival ' and 'dancing around the ress' profoundly reflects the lifestyle of 'living by water and grass.'Inthe aspect of nature worship, the worship of eagles, horses and mountains is directly projected into dance movements.'Sawuerdeng'stimulates the gallop of horses with shoulder shaking to convey deep emotion to grassland. At the level of national spirit, the rhythm characteristics of 'Dakai Dahe, Shuzhan Haomai' are isomorphic to the Mogolian national character of ' enthusiastic and uninhibited'.'Benteng' shows the high-spirited spirit of the Chinese nation in the new era through the change of group dance formation.' Happy song of bell props. This kind of dance sublimates the national spirit into and asethetic form with universal value through the artistic treatment of body language.The movement characteristics of Mongolian dance are distinct.It combines strength and softness,strength and gracefulness. For example, bold and unrestrained horsesteps, vigorous and powerful shaking shoulders, and strtchy and smmoth soft arms not only show the bravery and boldness of the Mongolian people, but also reflect their love of life and pursuit of beauty(Narula,2025).
4.Modern development and innovation of Mongolian dance
Choreographers have integrated works that resoonate with audiences across generations（Si,2024）. The modern development of Mongolian dance is embodied in the three paths of contemporary reconstruction of traditional vocabulary, pratical exploration of cross-cultural integration and technological empowerment of stage aesthetics. Learning and inheriting Mongolian dance enables students to deeply appreciate the cultural values and traditional customs behind it, strengthening their cultural identity（Chen&Moonsuwan, 2025).
In the reconstruction of traditional vocabulary, contemporary choregraphers give new connotations to traditional movements through deconsturction and reorganization. For example,'Eagle'integrates modern dance gournd movements and space scheduling on the basis of retaining shoulder hard towering, showing the dialogue between man and nature.'Gobi Dune ' uses 3D projection technology to create a desert landscape and strengthen the visual impact of dance.In terms of corss- cultural intergration,Mongolian dance actively absorbs nutrients from other art forms.' Dancing strings' combines horsehead music with modern choreography, and creates an aesthetic experience of'sound and shape isomorphsim' through light changes.Because Monogolian dance and ballet have the characteristics of upright, open outside in terms of posture,rhythm and aesthetic style of dance, there is a certain internal relationship between the two.(2023,Yang Qian)' Into the Light' expands the performance dimension by drawing on the ballet toe technique. In the field of stage aesthetics, digital media techonoligy promotes the innovatin of Mongolian dance presentation, and' grassland wine song' realizes the interaction between dancers and virtual grassland through AR technology.'Romantic Prarie' uses UAV formation to stimulate flying geese and enhance narrative tension. This kind of innovation not only retains the stability of traditional dance genes, but also expands its performance space through modern means, providing a new path for the inheritance and development of Mogolian dance in the contemporary cultural context,making it always become a link between national memory and the spirit of the lines.

Terms and Expressions:

shamanism 萨满教
tibetan buddhism 藏传佛教
ulanqab city 乌兰察布
'The Secret History of the Mongols' 《蒙古秘史》
andai dance安代舞
lamaism 喇嘛教
cup and bowl dance 蛊碗舞
Totem expression 图腾表达
Khorchin'Bo'dance科尔沁“博”舞
horse-heade fiddle马头琴
'Savourden'《萨吾而登》
Combining hardness with softness刚柔并济
Buddhist narrative佛理叙事
‘Happy song bell ringing’《马铃摇响幸福歌》
‘Happy song bell ringing'《草原酒歌》

Questions:

1.What kind of historical factors is Mongolian dance related to?
2.Which two religions drove the transformation of Mongolian dance?
3.What kinds of Mongolian dance can be divided according to function and form?
4.What are the implications of the improvisational performance of Andai?
5.What is the innovation of Dancing Strings?

Answers:

1.Historical migration, cultural identity and grassland ecology
2.Shamanism and Tibetan Buddhism
3.According to the function and form, Mongolian dance can be divided into four categories: religious sacrifice, folk life, economic performance and epic narrative.
4.It is not only an imitation of grassland life, but also a strengthening of group cohesion.
5."Dancing Strings" combines morin khuur music with modern choreography, and creates an aesthetic experience of "sound-form isomorphism" by referring to ballet and lighting changes.

References:

[1]娜如拉.蒙古舞在当代舞蹈教育中的价值与影响研究[J].尚舞,2025,(05):117-119.
[2]欧丽斯.传承中华优秀传统文化背景下蒙古舞的创新路径[J].大观(论坛),2024,(09):54-56.
[3]杨婧.芭蕾基训与蒙古舞训练的融通互恰[J].尚舞,2023,(22):156-158.
[4]祖龙才其格.蒙古舞的地域特征及艺术表现分析[J].尚舞,2023,(05):123-125.
[5]李大.蒙古族民间舞蹈表演形式的地域性研究[J].艺术品鉴,2020,(24):71-72.
[6]Zheng, Fang & Li, Qi. (2023). Cultural Memory and Interpretation of Meaning: Mongolian Dance in the Perspective of the Chinese Nation Community. 10.2991/978-2-38476-126-5_220.
[7]Si, A. (2024). Exploring the Integration of Mongolian Dance in Aesthetic Education for its Inheritance and Development. International Education Forum. 2. 48-53. 10.26689/ief.v2i10.8875.
[8]Chen, Yuxuan & Moonsuwan, Thanyalak. (2025). The Inheritance and Innovation of Modern Mongolian Dance: A Case Study of "Ben Teng". Journal of Posthumanism. 5. 4737-4748. 10.63332/joph.v5i5.1963.

蒙古族舞蹈

摘要
蒙古族传统舞蹈作为一种文化实践形式，不仅是草原游牧文化的典型代表，也是中国舞蹈文化的重要组成部分。(Zheng,2023). 蒙古舞作为中国北方游牧民族舞蹈艺术的典型代表，其形成与发展始终与蒙古族的历史迁徙，文化认同及生态形成深度互嵌。蒙古族是典型的北方游牧民族，草原先民们在日常生活中，通过模仿动物、植物、山川、河流等的自然形态，用肢体语言来表达他们崇尚自然的思想和勇敢热情的民族性格，久而久之，便形成了蒙古族舞蹈的最原始形态（欧丽斯，2024）。动作体系既源于收留、游牧等生产方式的动态提炼，又深受萨满教，藏传佛教等宗教意识的形塑，呈现出“雄浑舒展、刚柔并济”的美学特质。在体态特征上，蒙古舞强调“挺胸立腰、上身略后倾”的体态，通过肩、臂、腕、腰等部位的协调律动，形成“棱角分明、柔中带刚”的动态语言。以整体角度分析，蒙古舞通过下肢、头部构成的倾斜状态术语蒙古舞中关键舞蹈状态（李大，2020）。作为中华舞蹈文化的重要组成部分，蒙古舞以其独特的艺术魅力与文化价值，成为研究草原文明历史脉络、民族精神及生态智慧的重要载体，其传承与发展始终在传统与现代的对话中焕发新生。

论文主体部分
1.蒙古舞的历史演变
蒙古舞的历史演变可以追溯至新石器时代，内蒙古阴山、乌兰察布等地的岩画实证显示，其岩画中舞者执弓而舞、模拟飞禽走兽的场景，与《蒙古秘史》记载的庆典舞蹈形成互文，印证早期舞蹈与狩猎仪式、自然崇拜的共生关系。十六世纪后，萨满教与藏传佛教的渗透推动宗教仪式转型萨满巫师“原地旋转数百圈”的祭祀舞蹈演变为安代舞中“甩巾踏步、绕圈狂欢”的集体意识，宗教舞蹈的世俗化转向在鄂尔多斯婚礼等民俗场景中尤为显著。至近现代，游牧游牧文明的舞蹈提纯为核心特征，男性舞蹈中的“勒马手”“倒踢步”源自握缰姿态与驯马姿态，女性舞蹈的“摇篮步”“雁飞”则通过双臂欺负模拟候鸟迁徙，此类对生活动作的艺术化提炼在《牧马人》《刀马舞》等经典作品中达到极致，舞者以肩部硬耸模拟套马杆旋转，以腰部拧转表现勒马爆发力，将草原生存智慧升华为具有哲学意味的身体语言。
2.蒙古舞的分类与相应特色
蒙古舞依据功能与形式可分为宗教祭祀、民俗生活、经济表演、史诗叙事四类。宗教祭祀类舞蹈中，查玛舞以藏传佛教庆典为载体，融合护法神面具、程式化动作与佛理叙事，形成“说、唱、舞、乐”四位一体的艺术形态。民俗生活类舞蹈中，安代舞属于蒙古族的第一舞，“安代”在蒙古族语言当中被译为“欠身起来”、“抬起头来”。初期的安代舞属于宗教性舞蹈，通常用来祈求神灵庇佑、求神治病（祖龙才其格，2023）。安代舞从萨满治病仪式演变为集体歌舞，以“甩巾踏步、绕巾踏步”形成互动模式；筷子舞通过扎红绸的筷子与肩部绕圆动律，展现男性豪迈气概；盅碗舞以头顶瓷碗、手持双盅的“拉臂、柔臂、碎抖肩”动作，传递女性端庄柔韧之美。竞技表演类舞蹈中，马刀舞以战士持刀操练动态为原型，通过“劈砍、格挡、腾跃”展现草原武士的英勇；射箭舞则模拟拉弓射箭姿态，以“弓步、拧腰、甩臂”传递尚武精神。史诗叙事类舞蹈以蒙古族英雄史诗为蓝本，通过“对舞、群舞、哑剧”手法再现历史事件与神话传说，兼具叙事性与观赏性。
3.蒙古舞的文化内涵
蒙古舞的文化内涵可以从游牧文明集体记忆、自然崇拜图腾表达、民族精神审美呈现三重维度阐释。其“踏地为节”、“绕树而舞”的原始形态深刻反映“逐水草而居”的生活方式。自然崇拜方面，对雄鹰、骏马、山川的崇拜直接投射于舞蹈动作中，《萨吾尔登》以肩部抖动模拟骏马奔腾，传递对草原的深厚情感。民族精神方面，“大开大合、舒展豪迈”的动律特征与蒙古族“热情奔放、豪爽不羁”的民族性格形成同构，《奔腾》通过群舞阵型变化展现新时期中华民族昂扬精神，《马铃摇响幸福歌》以马铃道具节奏讴歌草原幸福生活，此类舞蹈通过身体语言的艺术处理，将民族精神升华为具有普世价值的审美形态。蒙古舞的动作特点鲜明，它融合了力量与柔美、刚健与婀娜。例如，豪迈奔放的马步、矫健有力的抖肩以及舒展流畅的柔臂等动作，既展现了蒙古族人民的勇敢和豪爽，又体现了他们对生活的热爱和对美的追求（娜如拉，2025）。
4.蒙古舞的现代发展与创新
编舞人员巧妙地将传统舞蹈元素与现代艺术理念相结合，创造出与不同年代的观众产生共鸣的创新产品（Si,2024）。蒙古族舞蹈的学习和传承，使学生对蒙古族舞蹈有了深刻的体会。学习相关的文化价值和传统习俗，加强了他们的文化认同，促进了文化包容性（Chen&Moonsuwan, 2025)。在传统语汇重构中，当代编导通过解构与重组赋予传统动作新内涵，如《鹰》在保留肩部硬耸基础上融入现代舞地面动作与空
间调度，表现人与自然对话；《戈壁沙丘》以3D投影技术营造沙漠景观，强化舞蹈视觉冲击力。跨文化融合方面，蒙古舞积极吸收其他艺术形式养分，《舞动的琴弦》将马头琴音乐与现代编舞结合，通借鉴芭蕾过灯光变化营造“声形同构”审美体验；由于蒙古舞与芭蕾舞在体态、韵律与舞姿审美方式上存在挺拔与直立、形体外开与内心开阔等特征，因而二者存在一定的内在关联（2023，杨倩）。《走进光里》借鉴芭蕾足尖技巧拓展表现维度。此类创新既保留传统舞蹈基金稳定性，已通过现代手段拓展其表现空间，为蒙古舞在当代文化语境中的传承与发展提供新途径，时期始终成为连接民族记忆与时代精神的桥梁。

专业术语:

萨满教 shamanism
藏传佛教 tibetan buddhism
乌兰察布 ulanqab city
《蒙古秘史》'The Secret History of the Mongols'
安代舞 andai dance
喇嘛教 lamaism
蛊碗舞 cup and bowl dance
图腾表达 Totem expression
科尔沁“博”舞Khorchin'Bo'dance
马头琴 horse-heade fiddle
《萨吾而登》‘Savourden’
刚柔并济 Combining hardness with softness
佛理叙事 Buddhist narrative
《马铃摇响幸福歌》‘Happy song bell ringing’
《草原酒歌》'Happy song bell ringing'

问题：

1.蒙古舞与蒙古族哪几种历史因素相关？
2.哪两种宗教推动了蒙古舞蹈的转型？
3.蒙古舞依照功能与形式可以分为哪几类？
4.安代舞的即兴表演有什么含义？
5.《舞动的琴弦》的创新之处在哪？

答案:

1.历史迁徙、文化认同及草原生态
2.萨满教与藏传佛教
3.蒙古舞依据功能与形式可分为宗教祭祀、民俗生活、经济表演、史诗叙事四类。
4.既是对草原生活的模仿，也是对群体凝聚力的强化。
5.《舞动的琴弦》将马头琴音乐与现代编舞结合，通借鉴芭蕾过灯光变化营造“声形同构”审美体验。

参考文献：

[1]娜如拉.蒙古舞在当代舞蹈教育中的价值与影响研究[J].尚舞,2025,(05):117-119.
[2]欧丽斯.传承中华优秀传统文化背景下蒙古舞的创新路径[J].大观(论坛),2024,(09):54-56.
[3]杨婧.芭蕾基训与蒙古舞训练的融通互恰[J].尚舞,2023,(22):156-158.
[4]祖龙才其格.蒙古舞的地域特征及艺术表现分析[J].尚舞,2023,(05):123-125.
[5]李大.蒙古族民间舞蹈表演形式的地域性研究[J].艺术品鉴,2020,(24):71-72.
[6]Zheng, Fang & Li, Qi. (2023). Cultural Memory and Interpretation of Meaning: Mongolian Dance in the Perspective of the Chinese Nation Community. 10.2991/978-2-38476-126-5_220.
[7]Si, A. (2024). Exploring the Integration of Mongolian Dance in Aesthetic Education for its Inheritance and Development. International Education Forum. 2. 48-53. 10.26689/ief.v2i10.8875.
[8]Chen, Yuxuan & Moonsuwan, Thanyalak. (2025). The Inheritance and Innovation of Modern Mongolian Dance: A Case Study of "Ben Teng". Journal of Posthumanism. 5. 4737-4748. 10.63332/joph.v5i5.1963.

AI Statement
I hereby guarantee that I have not used the help of AI to write my final paper in this course.

File:Andai dance.jpg

2025-06-06T05:53:44Z

Cao Yuan: Cao Yuan uploaded a new version of "File:Andai dance.jpg"

2025-03-13T09:28:48Z

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Chinese Language and Culture, Spring 2025

2025-03-13T09:27:41Z

Cao Yuan: /* Session 04 Fri Mar 14 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations */

Welcome to our course website [[Chinese Language and Culture, Spring 2025]]!

=Session 1 Fri Feb 21 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Organizational issues=

==What we learn in this class==
*We learn about Chinese culture from international, especially Western perspective.
*We learn about cultural phenomena, traditional Chinese culture.
*We learn English and Chinese terminology in the area of Chinese culture.
*We learn to think critically about cultural traditions and to appreciate the benefits from cultural traditions.
*We learn how to determine the location and role of Chinese culture within global culture.
*We learn basics of theories and models of intercultural communication and comparison.
*We learn the appreciate and respect the diversity of multipolar cultures and of integration.
*We become aware of the dangers of cultural discrimination (colonialism, religious missions, imperialism etc.).

==Students' contribution==
*Every student needs to prepare the 1-2 textbook texts of the respective chapters in the textbook ahead each week of class.
*Every student selects a topic, prepares 2 ppt presentations of 15 min. (one without AI, one with AI, and please indicate references and an AI statement at the end of the presentation) and a mentimeter.com quiz for everybody to take live in class with results shown after all will have answered. The topics and contents of the sessions are determined by the selection of the students.
*For the final exam, you write another chapter of the textbook in both Chinese and English, with "Terms and Expressions", References, Questions and Answers, Statement regarding AI

==Textbook==
You will receive the textbook for our class. We need a volunteer who integrates the last 92 new chapters into the word file. After tha, you will receive an updated version of the textbook. There are more than 200 topics of our textbook. Here you find all topics in the order of the book and with the names of the students who will translate the chapters into Chinese. Please select two topics by writing your name behind it and by setting it in '''bold'''. These topics will be presented in the form of a powerpoint presentation.

==Agreement on use of classroom time==
Should we read the texts in class or should the students read the text ahead of class (especially learning the terms and expressions) and come to class prepared? How should we use our classroom time? (presentations, quizzes, discussions, exercise to translate adhoc an unknown text from the same area)

----
==Homework for every session==
Please prepare the topics of the following session by reading the respective texts in the textbook (if you have not much time, you can read it in Chinese), learn the vocabulary and make yourself familiar with the questions asked under the text.

==Teacher presentation: Introduction to Culture==
[[Media:01_Chin_Lang_Cult_Spring_2025.pptx]]

==Homework for Session 2==
Please register on the Wiki and wait for the teacher to approve. You can click on http://bit.ly/WIKIREG, then input two times your pinyin name for username and real name in the way "Wang Jianguo", type in some info about yourself and submit the form with accepting the terms and conditions as well as typing in the captcha password "wikicaptcha". More detailed instructions for registration you find in the powerpoint presentation which you can download from here ("Teacher presentation").

Please select one of the following chapters of our textbook by writing your name behind the topic to give a 20 minute presentation on plus a MikeCRM quiz: The first three presenters will have to present next week!

1. Geographic Nature as a Basis for Cultural Development 17

2. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Chinese Marriage Customs 22

3. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Habits, Ways of Contacting 31

4. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Marriage-Accompanying Songs in Hunan 40

5. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Crying Marriage of Tujia 49

6. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China 63

7. Animals: Panda 71

8. Architecture 78

9. Architecture: The Forbidden City 89

10. Architecture: Four Famous Bridges 102

11. Architecture: Four Great Pavilions 113

12. Architecture: Shengjing Imperial Palace 124

13. Architecture: Three Great Towers in China 131

14. Architecture: Fengshui in Chinese Architecture 145

15. Army and weapons: Chinese Ancient Weapons 154

16. Army and weapons: Terracotta Army 163

17. Astrology: Chinese Astrology 170

18. Astrology: Calendar, The 24 Solar Terms 178

19. Astrology: Twelve Animals of the Chinese Zodiac 188

20. Beverages: Milk Tea 197

21. Beverages: Tea 203 (Zhang Mai)

22. Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China 209

23. Body movement performance: Chinese Lion Dancing 218

24. Body movement performance: Stilts 223

25. Body movement performance: Traditional Chinese Dance 230

26. Chinese Writing: Ancient Writing and Painting Tool, Writing Brush 236

27. Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 246 (Tang Yan)

28. Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy 252

29. Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 262

30. Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts 276

31. Clothing: Chinese Clothing 283

32. Clothing: Batik (Lanran) 291

33. Clothing: Cheongsam 301

34. Confucianism: Confucian Culture 309

35. Confucianism: Chinese Traditional Culture-Five Constant Virtues 324

36. Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Confucius and Confucianism 332

37. Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Reading The Analects 339

38. Education: Ancient Chinese Education 350

39. Education: Historical Figures, The Four Talented Women of Ancient China 361

40. Education: Modern Chinese Education System 371

41. Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties 386

42. Education: Yuelu Academy (One of the Four Most Prestigious Academies) 395

43. Facial Make-up 406

44. Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up 413

45. Facial Make-up: Face Changing in Sichuan Opera 431

46. Fine Arts: Painting 440

47. Fine Arts: Bada Shanren and Qi Baishi 445

48. Fine Arts: Painting Riverside Scene at Tomb Sweeping Day 452

49. Fine Arts: Seal-cutting 459

50. Games: Go 围棋 462（Zhao Qi）

51. Games: Kite Flying 468

52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play 476（Jiang Ziqiang）

53. Garden Culture: Gardens 505

54. Garden Culture: Bonsai (Penjing) 511

55. Garden Culture: The Summer Palace 519（Li Mei）

56. Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden 526

57. Gender: Wu Zetian: The Only Female Emperor of Imperial China 535

58. History: Carl and Cixi 548

59. Interieur: The Folding Screen 552

60. Landscapes and Tourism: Four Buddhist Shrines 561

61. Landscapes and Tourism: Four State-Level Cultural Relics 573

62. Landscapes and Tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains 585

63. Landscapes and Tourism: Mogao Grottoes 593

64. Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai 606（Qin Yi)

65. Landscapes and Tourism: Canal Culture：The Grand Canal（The Peking-Hangzhou Grand Canal） 621

66. Landscapes and Tourism: The Ancient Tea Horse Road 635

67. Landscapes and Tourism: Tourism, Nanking-An Ancient Capital of Six Dynasties 642

68. Language: Chinese Language 649

69. Language: Chinese Dialects 660

70. Language: Chinese Folk Argot 669

71. Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Classical Fairy Tales 681

72. Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Mythology 688

73. Literature: Ancient literature - Classical Literature 699

74. Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China 706

75. Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China 715

76. Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 725 (Duan Binyao)

77. Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas 748

78. Literature: Ancient literature: Yuefu 765

79. Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 773

80. Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations 780

81. Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 786

82. Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 794

83. Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 823

84. Literature: Modern Literature 832

85. Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 841（Miao Yunlong）

86. Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 848

87. Literature: Contemporary Literature 859

88. Martial Arts: Huo Yuanjia 865

89. Martial Arts: Qigong 868

90. Martial Arts: Taiji (Tai Chi) Shadow Boxing 873

91. Martial Arts: Wushu 885

92. Martial Arts: Frolics of the Five Animals (Wuqinxi) 890

93. Medicine: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) 900

94. Medicine: TCM - Acupuncture and Moxibustion 907

95. Medicine: TCM - Diagnosis and Pharmacology 912

96. Medicine: TCM - The Development of Chinese Medicine 917

97. Medicine: TCM – The Chinese Medical Sage Zhang Zhongjing 924

98. Minority cultures: Lisu People and Daogan Festival of Lisu Ethnic Minority 934

99. Minority cultures: The Ethnic Minorities’ Costumes 941

100. Money culture: Currency, Jiaozi (A Paper Currency in Northern Song Dynasty) 952

101. Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money 962 (Xu Yangyang)

102. Music and instruments: Guzheng 975

103. Music and instruments: Pipa 986

104. Mythology: Gods and Immortals 996

105. Mythology: Huli-jing 1005

106. National Symbols: National Anthem 1018

107. National Symbols: National Flag 1026 （Liao Zuoyun）

108. Opera: Peking Opera 1035

109. Opera: Peking Opera Acrobatics 1043

110. Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 1050 (Dai shiru)

111. Opera: Tea-picking Opera 1055

112. Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 1064

113. Philosophical Schools: Four Main Philosophical Schools 1076

114. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy – Daoism 1087

115. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading Tao Te Ching 1093

116. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Sutra of Hui-neng 1099

117. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Importance of Living 1106

118. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Legalism 1119

119. Philosophy: Chinese Traditional Cultivation Culture 1129

120. Religion: Traditional Chinese Funeral Culture 1141

121. Religion: Buddhism 1155

122. Religion: Daoism 1170

123. Religion: Christianity 1175

124. Religion: Islam 1181

125. Science and Technology: Ancient Science and Technology 1185

126. Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions 1191 (Yang Yue2)

127. Science and Technology: Compass 1217

128. Science and Technology: TikTok (Douyin) 1226

129. Science and Technology: Three Giant Home Appliance Enterprises In China 1235

130. Science and Technology: Four Domestic Mobile Phone Companies 1257

131. Silk and porcelain: Silk 1272 (Fei Xinyu)

132. Silk and porcelain: Porcelain 1277

133. Silk and porcelain: Celadon and Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 1283(Wang Huaixing)

134. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zhang Qian and the Silk Road 1291

135. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He and the Maritime Silk Road 1296

136. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He's Voyages 1300

137. Social: The Long-life Lock 1308

138. Social: Round Table Culture 1317 (Wu Jiating)

139. Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 1325

140. Stage entertainment: Shadow Play 1332

141. Traditional Crafts: Carving 1340

142. Traditional Crafts: Chinese Jade Culture 1348

143. Traditional Crafts: Cloisonne 1363

144. Traditional Crafts: Embroidery 1369

145. Traditional Crafts: Shu Embroidery (Sichuan Embroidery) 1373

146. Traditional Crafts: Xiang Embroidery 1386（Zhang Huifang）

147. Traditional Crafts: Folk Art - Chinese Paper-cutting 1400

148. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Chinese Knots 1409

149. Traditional Crafts: Lacquerware 1418

150. Traditional Crafts: The Kingfisher Craft点翠 1423

151. Traditional Cuisine: Chinese Dining Etiquette 1436

152. Traditional Cuisine: Chopsticks 1450

153. Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China 1456 (Zheng Kaiwu)

154. Traditional Cuisine: Four Distinct Regional Cuisines 1473

155. Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan 1480(Liu Peini)

156. Traditional Cuisine: Tanghulu, Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick 1491(Xiao Zixin)

157. Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot 1501 (Cao Chunyang)

158. Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking 1508

159. Traditional Cuisine: Two Famous Dishes 1514

160. Traditional Festivals 1518……

161. Traditional Festivals: Lattice on Ancient Chinese Windows 1525

162. Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 1538

163. Westernization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 1544

164. Westernization: The Westernization Movement 1550

165. Worship: Chinese Incense Culture 1558

166. Economy: Chinese Currency Changes 1569

167. History: Wang Shouren 1573 Lv Jiahao

168. Martial Arts: Chinese Swordsman Spirit 1582

169. Cuisine: Luosifen 1593

170. Fine Arts: Chinese Paper Cutting 1601

171. Science and Technology: Taobao(淘宝) 1611

172. Traditional Craft: Bronze 1623

173. Entertainment: Deyunshe 德云社 1631

174. Traditional Cuisine: Jiaozi 1644 （Liu Pei）

175. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: the Photo Retouching Culture in China 1655

176. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Oil-paper Umbrella 1664

177. stage entertainment:Yuan drama 1676

178. Music and instruments: Erhu 1685

179. Traditional and Modern Views on Marriage and Love 1694

180. Traditional Cuisine: Tangyuan 1701

181. Animals：Golden Monkey 1712（Xiao Yawen）

182. Chinese Economy: rich businessmen 1719 (Fu Sihui)

183. Opera: Chinese Local Operas 1727 （Wang Xinyu）

184. The Chinese tradition of ancestor worship 1740

185. Opera: Huangmei opera 1752 （Chu Hanqi）

186. The “reference” of Chinese Music 1759

187. Chinese Folk Art:Lion Dance 1767

188. Science and Technology: Mobile Games（手游） 1783(Du JIangping)

189. Clothing: Vintage Clothing 1790.(Chen Sisi)

190. Fine arts:Kunqu Opera 1798

191. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Culture of Flowers 1807 (Qiu Ping）

192. National Belief: the Chinese Dream 1818

193. Science and Technology: Buytogether（PDD) 1825(Qi Zhiyang)

194. Aesthetic ideals and social customs：Marriage and Burial Customs of Tujia People 1845

195. Sports: Cuju (蹴鞠) 1845 （Ouyang Yihong)

196. Science and Technology: The culture of Chinese Electric Vehicles 中国电动汽车 1845（Geng Hongmei)

197. Chinese tradition culture: The culture of Ronghua—Velvet Flowers 绒花 1845

198. Stage entertainment: Northeast Errenzhuan (二人转) 1845

199. Traditional Crafts: Dough Sculpture 面塑 1845

200. Nanchang Relic Museum for Haihun Principality of Han Dynasty 1845

201. The culture of Grass cloth 夏布 1845

202. The Legend of Zhen Huan 《甄嬛传》 1845 (Xiang Jianning)

203. Chinese horror movies 中式恐怖片 1845 (Zhang Jiaxin)

204. Stand-up comedy 单口喜剧 1845（Huang Sinan）

205. Bride-price（彩礼） 1845

206. Chinese science fiction movies 中国科幻片 1845

207. Shandong cuisine鲁菜 1845(Lu Wei)

208. Chinese traditional ornament: Buyao （步摇） 1845

209. Tofu meatball with pig blood (猪血丸子) 1845 （Li Ting2）

210. Sunzi’s Art of War: Source for All Books on War (孙子兵法) 1845

211. The Temple of Heaven：Reverence with Awe and Gratitude（天坛） 1845

212. Education：training Schools （教育：补习班） 1845 (Huang Yixuan2)

213. Chinese Dreamcore (中式梦核) 1845 (Zhang Zixi)

214. Lu Ban, China’s inventor（中国发明家——鲁班） 1845

215. Live Streaming E-commerce（直播电商） 1845 (Tao Yao)

216. The Story of Ming Lan（知否知否，应是绿肥红瘦） 1845 (Ye Sitong)

217. Cha Bai Xi/Tea Latte Art (茶百戏) 1845 （Yang Jiahong2)

218. Guangdong Herbal tea（广东凉茶） 1845(Gao Xiaoqing)

219. Chinese traditional art form：Seal carving（篆刻） 1845(Huang Qiaoqiao)

220. Rice cake (年糕) 1845 （Dong Jiating）

221. Zhongyuan festival 1845 （Ou Huang）

222. Dulong: Facial tattoo (独龙族：纹面) 1845

223. The Return of the Pearl Princess（还珠格格） 1845 （Lu Jiahui）

224. Chinese Food：Jiangxi Cuisine（赣菜） 1845 (Liao Dan)

225. "Cun Chao": China's village football league（“村超”：中国乡村足球联赛） 1845 (Shen Shuai)

226. Landscapes and Tourism: Junshan Island (君山岛) 1845

227. Chinese Bossy Fictions & Micro-drama（中国式霸总小说&短剧） 1845 (He Yunfeng)

228. Chinese Traditional Medicine (中医药）——— Mortise and Tenon Joint（榫卯结构） 1845

229. Jingdezhen Porcelain 1845 (Xiao Luyu)

230. Gayageum（伽倻琴） 1845 (Zhang Meiling)

231. The plaque and couplet in Chinese garden（园林匾额对联） 1845 (Wang Yuxin)

232. Sun Wukong（孙悟空） 1845 （Li Yuan2）

233. Traditional Chinese Pigments（中国传统颜料） 1845 (Cao Yuan)

234. Dragon Lantern Dance（舞龙灯） 1845 （Jin Yichen）

235. Bamboo Weaving (竹编） 1845 (Chen Anqi)

236. Landscapes and Tourism: Harbin Ice and Snow World (冰雪大世界) 1845 (Xu Xinwen)

237. Braised Chicken Rice (黄焖鸡米饭-Huang Men Ji Mifan) 1845 （Li Zihan2）

238. Three Famous Chinese Mountains(中国三山) 1845（Liu Chang）

239. Female Emperor---Wu Zetian 1845 (Song Xin)

240. Clay sculpture (泥塑） 1845 (Chen Lin)

241. Abacus (中国珠算） 1845

242. Hunan Rice Noodles（湖南米粉） 1845 (Gong Wei)

243. Chinese name（中国姓名文化） 1845

244. Chinese popular viral memes (中国网络社交媒体“热梗”） 1845(Xiao Yikang)

245. Douzhi (豆汁) 1845(Li Linyao)

246. New Year Wood-block Paintings (木版年画） 1845（Du Yuan）

247. Carved lacquer（雕漆） 1845 （Liu Qi）

248. Jing Gang Mountain (井冈山） 1845 （Yu Jingfang）

249. Intangible Cultural Heritage: Tongguan Kiln （铜官窑） 1845

250. Language: Hakka Dialect（客家话） 1845

251. Rice noodle roll（肠粉） 1845 ( Li Mingfeng )

252. Traditional Cuisine: Northeastern Chinese Cuisine(东北菜） 1845（Liu Shutian）

253. Yuelu Mountain (岳麓山) 1845（Chen Ting）

254. Traditional Crafts：Tie-Dye（扎染） 1845（Zhang Qi）

255. Chinese-style sun protection (中式防晒） 1845（Zhao Yashi）

256. Danmu (弹幕） 1845 (Zhou Le)

257. Yangshao Culture（仰韶文化） 1845

258. Indigo Dyeing (蓝染) 1845（Yang Jing)

259. Female Writers: Zhang Ailing, Chen Ping, Lin Yihan and Li Bihua 1845 (Zhou Tianyi)

260. Wedding dress in the Song Dynasty (宋代婚服) 1845 (Liu Chao)

261. The cultural idea oft he great unification in ancient China (中国古代的大一统文化思想) 1845

262. The Four Pillars of Destiny (八字) (Li Jiayi) 1845

263. Shaolin Temple (少林寺) 1845 (Zuo Fang)

264. Single bamboo drifting（独竹漂） 1845

265. Cuisine: Changde spicy salted duck 酱板鸭传说的由来 1845 （Xing Xueqing）

266. Hui Culture (徽文化) 1845(Liu Jianan)

267. Ma Zu Culture (妈祖文化) 1845 (Yan Jidong)

268. Table Manners 1845（Luo Yan）

269. Music of the Mongol nationality (蒙古族音乐) 1845

270. The Yingge Dance（英歌舞） 1845 （Jiang Xinyue)

271. Palace Lantern（宫灯） 1845 （Shao Keyuan）

272. Chinese Term of Endearment（中国亲昵称谓） 1845 (Zeng Zhi）

273. Changsha Stinky Tofu（长沙臭豆腐) 1845(Luo Sicheng)

274. God of Wealth(财神) 1845

275. Zhuazhou（抓周） 1845 （Zeng Xiaohui）

276. Nail art（美甲） 1845 （Luo Jiaxin）
277. Mirror (镜子) 1845 (Cheng Sixiang)

278. The Beef Board Noodle (牛肉板面) 1845(Yan Xiang)

279. Huo Qubing (霍去病） 1845 （Luo Jingyan）

280. Chinese Courtyard Houses（中国四合院） 1845 (Guo Cili)

281. Music and instruments: Yangqin（扬琴） 1845（Dai Yexun）

282. Black Myth: Wukong（黑神话悟空） 1845 (Chen Zhen)

283. Guangdong Morning Tea Culture （广东早茶文化） 1845 （Zheng Jinlian）

=Session 02 Fri Feb 28 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
==Teacher presentation: Introduction to Culture==
[[Media:02_Chin_Lang_Cult_Spring_2025.pptx]]

==Topics for today==
Please copy and paste your presentation topic, your name here and add your powerpoint file (size limit 10 MB)

You need to copy all the topics for the whole semester to the sessions NOW. If you do not do it sufficiently in advance, how can the fellow students prepare the texts?

Please remember that you have to indicate the 10 topics for Friday on the course website under "Session 2" with the topic name, student name, powerpoint uploaded (max size 10 MB), all presentations will be each on 1 topic only and cannot exceed 5 minutes. They have to be interactive and helpful from the perspective of an interpreter or translator who needs to prepare his/her work on this topic.

27. Chinese Calligraphy (Tang Yan)

52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play 476（Jiang Ziqiang）[[Media:Mahjong-Jiang_Ziqiang.pptx]]

55. Garden Culture: The Summer Palace 519（Li Mei）[[Media:The Summer Palace - Li Mei.pptx]]

76. Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 725 (Duan Binyao) [[Media:Duan_Binyao_-76Su_Shi_and_Delegation_Literature.pptx]]

85. Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Miao Yunlong)[[Media:Qian_Zhongshu_Miao_Yunlong.pptx]]

Tea Latte Art (Xiang Jianning)

Topic 7

Topic 8

Topic 9

Topic 10

=Session 03 Fri Mar 07 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
==Presentations==
1. Topic 21: Beverages: Tea 203 (Zhang Mai) [[Media:Tea_Spring_2025.pptx]] 86

2. Topic 64: Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai 606 (Qin Yi) [[Media:Mount_Tai_Spring_2025.pptx]]

3. Topic 101. Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money 962 (Xu Yangyang) [[Media:Lucky_Money_Spring_2025.pptx]]

4. Topic 107:National Symbols: Culture of the National Flag 1026 （Liao Zuoyun）[[Media:Culture_of_the_National_Flag_Spring_2025.pptx]]

5. Topic 155:Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan 1480 (Liu Peini) [[Media:Wuhan_Breakfast_Spring_2025.pptx]]

6. Topic 157:Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot 1501 (Cao Chunyang)

7. Topic 126: China's four new inventions 1191(Yang Yue2).) [[Media:China's_Four_Great_New_Inventions_Spring_2025.pdf]]

==Notes on presentations==
Most students did not do their homework. 素质 in Chinese and international culture. Taking over responsibility. Being independent. Making sure that things run. Taking care of others. Not to do the homework in time (displaying the 13 presentations of each session) has disadvantages also for the other students, who cannot prepare.

1. 14:43-49 Only Chinese tradition explained, not Indian, Egyptian etc. "Black tea" (in English all "hong cha" is called "black tea"), British tea culture (add milk)

2. 14:55-15:00 Personal origin: Shandong, personal experience: climbed Mount Tai 4 times, Sacrificial Culture, Culture of Literati, Folk Belief: God of Mount Tai, Blue Rosy Cloud Fairy; Spiritual Symbolism

3. 15:04-15:10 Legend, Tradition and Contrast, Significance; Sui Monster ya sui qian; contrast in the West: Giving money as a present is considered not as good as a present itself, giving money in an envelope has the bad taste of bribing (transparency.org); in China you can even go to the temple and pray for money

4. 15:29-15:34 historical details of design, red meaning “stop” internationally, “achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation” (maybe a newer concept than the flag?), connection with earlier historical flags and other flags like of the communist movement, North Korea, ancient Soviet Union

5. 15:41-15:46 dialect terms (don’t use pinyin), analogy, breakfast is one of the most resilient cultural elements a person sticks to, guozao, 热干面, missing: characteristics like that it needs to be prepared quickly because the tradition of the dock workers

6. 15:56-16:01 hot pot history originated in China (?), regional differences within China 87

7. 16:02-16:06 4 new inventions - not explained that these inventions were invented in other countries. 86

==Student grades: 平时成绩/签到==

=Session 04 Fri Mar 14 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
1.Topic 260：Wedding Dress in the Song Dynasty(Liu Chao)[[Media:Wedding Dress in the Song Dynasty .pptx]]
2.Topic 146: Traditional crafts: Xiang embroidery 1386(Zhang Huifang) [[Media:Hunan_embroidery_Spring_2025.pptx]]
3.Topic 153. Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China 1456 (Zheng Kaiwu)
4.Topic 233. Traditional Chinese Pigments (Cao Yuan)[[Media:Traditional Chinese Pigments.pptx]]
5. Topic 182. Chinese Economy: rich businessmen (Fu Sihui)

=Session 05 Fri Mar 21 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
131.Silk and porcelain: Silk (Fei Xinyu)

=Session 06 Fri Mar 28 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
=HOLIDAY Session 07 Fri Apr 04 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
清明节4月4日——4月6日
=Session 08 Fri Apr 11 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
183 Chinese Local Operas-Gan opera （Wang Xinyu）
185 Huangmei opera （Chu Hanqi）

=Session 09 Fri Apr 18 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=

=Session 10 Fri Apr 25 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
242. Hunan Rice Noodles (湖南米粉） 1845 (Gong Wei)
167. History: Wang Shouren 1573 (Lv Jiahao)
240. Clay sculpture (泥塑） 1845 (Chen Lin)
219. Chinese traditional art form：Seal carving（篆刻） 1845(Huang Qiaoqiao)

=HOLIDAY Session 11 Fri May 02 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
劳动节5月1日——5月5日
=Session 12 Fri May 09 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=

=Session 13 Fri May 16 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
231. The plaque and couplet in Chinese garden（园林匾额对联）Wang Yuxin

=Session 14 Fri May 23 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=

=Session 15 Fri May 30 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
279. Huo Qubing （霍去病） Luo Jingyan
端午节5月31日——6月2日

=Session 16 Fri Jun 28 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Final Exam=
Please write your paper here: [[Chin_Lang_Cult_Fin_Exam_Spring_2025]]

File:Traditional Chinese Pigments.pptx

2025-03-13T09:23:27Z

Cao Yuan:

Chinese Language and Culture, Spring 2025

2025-03-12T06:39:37Z

Cao Yuan: /* Session 04 Fri Mar 14 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations */

Welcome to our course website [[Chinese Language and Culture, Spring 2025]]!

=Session 1 Fri Feb 21 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Organizational issues=

==What we learn in this class==
*We learn about Chinese culture from international, especially Western perspective.
*We learn about cultural phenomena, traditional Chinese culture.
*We learn English and Chinese terminology in the area of Chinese culture.
*We learn to think critically about cultural traditions and to appreciate the benefits from cultural traditions.
*We learn how to determine the location and role of Chinese culture within global culture.
*We learn basics of theories and models of intercultural communication and comparison.
*We learn the appreciate and respect the diversity of multipolar cultures and of integration.
*We become aware of the dangers of cultural discrimination (colonialism, religious missions, imperialism etc.).

==Students' contribution==
*Every student needs to prepare the 1-2 textbook texts of the respective chapters in the textbook ahead each week of class.
*Every student selects a topic, prepares 2 ppt presentations of 15 min. (one without AI, one with AI, and please indicate references and an AI statement at the end of the presentation) and a mentimeter.com quiz for everybody to take live in class with results shown after all will have answered. The topics and contents of the sessions are determined by the selection of the students.
*For the final exam, you write another chapter of the textbook in both Chinese and English, with "Terms and Expressions", References, Questions and Answers, Statement regarding AI

==Textbook==
You will receive the textbook for our class. We need a volunteer who integrates the last 92 new chapters into the word file. After tha, you will receive an updated version of the textbook. There are more than 200 topics of our textbook. Here you find all topics in the order of the book and with the names of the students who will translate the chapters into Chinese. Please select two topics by writing your name behind it and by setting it in '''bold'''. These topics will be presented in the form of a powerpoint presentation.

==Agreement on use of classroom time==
Should we read the texts in class or should the students read the text ahead of class (especially learning the terms and expressions) and come to class prepared? How should we use our classroom time? (presentations, quizzes, discussions, exercise to translate adhoc an unknown text from the same area)

----
==Homework for every session==
Please prepare the topics of the following session by reading the respective texts in the textbook (if you have not much time, you can read it in Chinese), learn the vocabulary and make yourself familiar with the questions asked under the text.

==Teacher presentation: Introduction to Culture==
[[Media:01_Chin_Lang_Cult_Spring_2025.pptx]]

==Homework for Session 2==
Please register on the Wiki and wait for the teacher to approve. You can click on http://bit.ly/WIKIREG, then input two times your pinyin name for username and real name in the way "Wang Jianguo", type in some info about yourself and submit the form with accepting the terms and conditions as well as typing in the captcha password "wikicaptcha". More detailed instructions for registration you find in the powerpoint presentation which you can download from here ("Teacher presentation").

Please select one of the following chapters of our textbook by writing your name behind the topic to give a 20 minute presentation on plus a MikeCRM quiz: The first three presenters will have to present next week!

1. Geographic Nature as a Basis for Cultural Development 17

2. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Chinese Marriage Customs 22

3. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Habits, Ways of Contacting 31

4. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Marriage-Accompanying Songs in Hunan 40

5. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Crying Marriage of Tujia 49

6. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China 63

7. Animals: Panda 71

8. Architecture 78

9. Architecture: The Forbidden City 89

10. Architecture: Four Famous Bridges 102

11. Architecture: Four Great Pavilions 113

12. Architecture: Shengjing Imperial Palace 124

13. Architecture: Three Great Towers in China 131

14. Architecture: Fengshui in Chinese Architecture 145

15. Army and weapons: Chinese Ancient Weapons 154

16. Army and weapons: Terracotta Army 163

17. Astrology: Chinese Astrology 170

18. Astrology: Calendar, The 24 Solar Terms 178

19. Astrology: Twelve Animals of the Chinese Zodiac 188

20. Beverages: Milk Tea 197

21. Beverages: Tea 203 (Zhang Mai)

22. Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China 209

23. Body movement performance: Chinese Lion Dancing 218

24. Body movement performance: Stilts 223

25. Body movement performance: Traditional Chinese Dance 230

26. Chinese Writing: Ancient Writing and Painting Tool, Writing Brush 236

27. Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 246 (Tang Yan)

28. Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy 252

29. Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 262

30. Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts 276

31. Clothing: Chinese Clothing 283

32. Clothing: Batik (Lanran) 291

33. Clothing: Cheongsam 301

34. Confucianism: Confucian Culture 309

35. Confucianism: Chinese Traditional Culture-Five Constant Virtues 324

36. Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Confucius and Confucianism 332

37. Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Reading The Analects 339

38. Education: Ancient Chinese Education 350

39. Education: Historical Figures, The Four Talented Women of Ancient China 361

40. Education: Modern Chinese Education System 371

41. Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties 386

42. Education: Yuelu Academy (One of the Four Most Prestigious Academies) 395

43. Facial Make-up 406

44. Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up 413

45. Facial Make-up: Face Changing in Sichuan Opera 431

46. Fine Arts: Painting 440

47. Fine Arts: Bada Shanren and Qi Baishi 445

48. Fine Arts: Painting Riverside Scene at Tomb Sweeping Day 452

49. Fine Arts: Seal-cutting 459

50. Games: Go 围棋 462

51. Games: Kite Flying 468

52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play 476（Jiang Ziqiang）

53. Garden Culture: Gardens 505

54. Garden Culture: Bonsai (Penjing) 511

55. Garden Culture: The Summer Palace 519（Li Mei）

56. Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden 526

57. Gender: Wu Zetian: The Only Female Emperor of Imperial China 535

58. History: Carl and Cixi 548

59. Interieur: The Folding Screen 552

60. Landscapes and Tourism: Four Buddhist Shrines 561

61. Landscapes and Tourism: Four State-Level Cultural Relics 573

62. Landscapes and Tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains 585

63. Landscapes and Tourism: Mogao Grottoes 593

64. Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai 606（Qin Yi)

65. Landscapes and Tourism: Canal Culture：The Grand Canal（The Peking-Hangzhou Grand Canal） 621

66. Landscapes and Tourism: The Ancient Tea Horse Road 635

67. Landscapes and Tourism: Tourism, Nanking-An Ancient Capital of Six Dynasties 642

68. Language: Chinese Language 649

69. Language: Chinese Dialects 660

70. Language: Chinese Folk Argot 669

71. Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Classical Fairy Tales 681

72. Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Mythology 688

73. Literature: Ancient literature - Classical Literature 699

74. Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China 706

75. Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China 715

76. Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 725 (Duan Binyao)

77. Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas 748

78. Literature: Ancient literature: Yuefu 765

79. Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 773

80. Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations 780

81. Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 786

82. Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 794

83. Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 823

84. Literature: Modern Literature 832

85. Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 841（Miao Yunlong）

86. Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 848

87. Literature: Contemporary Literature 859

88. Martial Arts: Huo Yuanjia 865

89. Martial Arts: Qigong 868

90. Martial Arts: Taiji (Tai Chi) Shadow Boxing 873

91. Martial Arts: Wushu 885

92. Martial Arts: Frolics of the Five Animals (Wuqinxi) 890

93. Medicine: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) 900

94. Medicine: TCM - Acupuncture and Moxibustion 907

95. Medicine: TCM - Diagnosis and Pharmacology 912

96. Medicine: TCM - The Development of Chinese Medicine 917

97. Medicine: TCM – The Chinese Medical Sage Zhang Zhongjing 924

98. Minority cultures: Lisu People and Daogan Festival of Lisu Ethnic Minority 934

99. Minority cultures: The Ethnic Minorities’ Costumes 941

100. Money culture: Currency, Jiaozi (A Paper Currency in Northern Song Dynasty) 952

101. Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money 962 (Xu Yangyang)

102. Music and instruments: Guzheng 975

103. Music and instruments: Pipa 986

104. Mythology: Gods and Immortals 996

105. Mythology: Huli-jing 1005

106. National Symbols: National Anthem 1018

107. National Symbols: National Flag 1026 （Liao Zuoyun）

108. Opera: Peking Opera 1035

109. Opera: Peking Opera Acrobatics 1043

110. Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 1050

111. Opera: Tea-picking Opera 1055

112. Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 1064

113. Philosophical Schools: Four Main Philosophical Schools 1076

114. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy – Daoism 1087

115. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading Tao Te Ching 1093

116. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Sutra of Hui-neng 1099

117. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Importance of Living 1106

118. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Legalism 1119

119. Philosophy: Chinese Traditional Cultivation Culture 1129

120. Religion: Traditional Chinese Funeral Culture 1141

121. Religion: Buddhism 1155

122. Religion: Daoism 1170

123. Religion: Christianity 1175

124. Religion: Islam 1181

125. Science and Technology: Ancient Science and Technology 1185

126. Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions 1191 (Yang Yue2)

127. Science and Technology: Compass 1217

128. Science and Technology: TikTok (Douyin) 1226

129. Science and Technology: Three Giant Home Appliance Enterprises In China 1235

130. Science and Technology: Four Domestic Mobile Phone Companies 1257

131. Silk and porcelain: Silk 1272 (Fei Xinyu)

132. Silk and porcelain: Porcelain 1277

133. Silk and porcelain: Celadon and Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 1283(Wang Huaixing)

134. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zhang Qian and the Silk Road 1291

135. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He and the Maritime Silk Road 1296

136. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He's Voyages 1300

137. Social: The Long-life Lock 1308

138. Social: Round Table Culture 1317 (Wu Jiating)

139. Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 1325

140. Stage entertainment: Shadow Play 1332

141. Traditional Crafts: Carving 1340

142. Traditional Crafts: Chinese Jade Culture 1348

143. Traditional Crafts: Cloisonne 1363

144. Traditional Crafts: Embroidery 1369

145. Traditional Crafts: Shu Embroidery (Sichuan Embroidery) 1373

146. Traditional Crafts: Xiang Embroidery 1386（Zhang Huifang）

147. Traditional Crafts: Folk Art - Chinese Paper-cutting 1400

148. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Chinese Knots 1409

149. Traditional Crafts: Lacquerware 1418

150. Traditional Crafts: The Kingfisher Craft点翠 1423

151. Traditional Cuisine: Chinese Dining Etiquette 1436

152. Traditional Cuisine: Chopsticks 1450

153. Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China 1456 (Zheng Kaiwu)

154. Traditional Cuisine: Four Distinct Regional Cuisines 1473

155. Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan 1480(Liu Peini)

156. Traditional Cuisine: Tanghulu, Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick 1491(Xiao Zixin)

157. Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot 1501 (Cao Chunyang)

158. Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking 1508

159. Traditional Cuisine: Two Famous Dishes 1514

160. Traditional Festivals 1518……

161. Traditional Festivals: Lattice on Ancient Chinese Windows 1525

162. Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 1538

163. Westernization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 1544

164. Westernization: The Westernization Movement 1550

165. Worship: Chinese Incense Culture 1558

166. Economy: Chinese Currency Changes 1569

167. History: Wang Shouren 1573 Lv Jiahao

168. Martial Arts: Chinese Swordsman Spirit 1582

169. Cuisine: Luosifen 1593

170. Fine Arts: Chinese Paper Cutting 1601

171. Science and Technology: Taobao(淘宝) 1611

172. Traditional Craft: Bronze 1623

173. Entertainment: Deyunshe 德云社 1631

174. Traditional Cuisine: Jiaozi 1644 （Liu Pei）

175. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: the Photo Retouching Culture in China 1655

176. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Oil-paper Umbrella 1664

177. stage entertainment:Yuan drama 1676

178. Music and instruments: Erhu 1685

179. Traditional and Modern Views on Marriage and Love 1694

180. Traditional Cuisine: Tangyuan 1701

181. Animals：Golden Monkey 1712（Xiao Yawen）

182. Chinese Economy: rich businessmen 1719 (Fu Sihui)

183. Opera: Chinese Local Operas 1727

184. The Chinese tradition of ancestor worship 1740

185. Opera: Huangmei opera 1752

186. The “reference” of Chinese Music 1759

187. Chinese Folk Art:Lion Dance 1767

188. Science and Technology: Mobile Games（手游） 1783

189. Clothing: Vintage Clothing 1790.(Chen Sisi)

190. Fine arts:Kunqu Opera 1798

191. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Culture of Flowers 1807 (Qiu Ping）

192. National Belief: the Chinese Dream 1818

193. Science and Technology: Buytogether（PDD) 1825(Qi Zhiyang)

194. Aesthetic ideals and social customs：Marriage and Burial Customs of Tujia People 1845

195. Sports: Cuju (蹴鞠) 1845 （Ouyang Yihong)

196. Science and Technology: The culture of Chinese Electric Vehicles 中国电动汽车 1845（Geng Hongmei)

197. Chinese tradition culture: The culture of Ronghua—Velvet Flowers 绒花 1845

198. Stage entertainment: Northeast Errenzhuan (二人转) 1845

199. Traditional Crafts: Dough Sculpture 面塑 1845

200. Nanchang Relic Museum for Haihun Principality of Han Dynasty 1845

201. The culture of Grass cloth 夏布 1845

202. The Legend of Zhen Huan 《甄嬛传》 1845 (Xiang Jianning)

203. Chinese horror movies 中式恐怖片 1845 (Zhang Jiaxin)

204. Stand-up comedy 单口喜剧 1845（Huang Sinan）

205. Bride-price（彩礼） 1845

206. Chinese science fiction movies 中国科幻片 1845

207. Shandong cuisine鲁菜 1845(Lu Wei)

208. Chinese traditional ornament: Buyao （步摇） 1845

209. Tofu meatball with pig blood (猪血丸子) 1845 （Li Ting2）

210. Sunzi’s Art of War: Source for All Books on War (孙子兵法) 1845

211. The Temple of Heaven：Reverence with Awe and Gratitude（天坛） 1845

212. Education：training Schools （教育：补习班） 1845 (Huang Yixuan2)

213. Chinese Dreamcore (中式梦核) 1845 (Zhang Zixi)

214. Lu Ban, China’s inventor（中国发明家——鲁班） 1845

215. Live Streaming E-commerce（直播电商） 1845 (Tao Yao)

216. The Story of Ming Lan（知否知否，应是绿肥红瘦） 1845 (Ye Sitong)

217. Cha Bai Xi/Tea Latte Art (茶百戏) 1845 （Yang Jiahong2)

218. Guangdong Herbal tea（广东凉茶） 1845(Gao Xiaoqing)

219. Chinese traditional art form：Seal carving（篆刻） 1845(Huang Qiaoqiao)

220. Rice cake (年糕) 1845 （Dong Jiating）

221. Zhongyuan festival 1845 （Ou Huang）

222. Dulong: Facial tattoo (独龙族：纹面) 1845

223. The Return of the Pearl Princess（还珠格格） 1845 （Lu Jiahui）

224. Chinese Food：Jiangxi Cuisine（赣菜） 1845 (Liao Dan)

225. "Cun Chao": China's village football league（“村超”：中国乡村足球联赛） 1845 (Shen Shuai)

226. Landscapes and Tourism: Junshan Island (君山岛) 1845

227. Chinese Bossy Fictions & Micro-drama（中国式霸总小说&短剧） 1845 (He Yunfeng)

228. Chinese Traditional Medicine (中医药）——— Mortise and Tenon Joint（榫卯结构） 1845

229. Jingdezhen Porcelain 1845 (Xiao Luyu)

230. Gayageum（伽倻琴） 1845 (Zhang Meiling)

231. The plaque and couplet in Chinese garden（园林匾额对联） 1845 (Wang Yuxin)

232. Sun Wukong（孙悟空） 1845 （Li Yuan2）

233. Traditional Chinese Pigments（中国传统颜料） 1845 (Cao Yuan)

234. Dragon Lantern Dance（舞龙灯） 1845 （Jin Yichen）

235. Bamboo Weaving (竹编） 1845 (Chen Anqi)

236. Landscapes and Tourism: Harbin Ice and Snow World (冰雪大世界) 1845 (Xu Xinwen)

237. Braised Chicken Rice (黄焖鸡米饭-Huang Men Ji Mifan) 1845 （Li Zihan2）

238. Three Famous Chinese Mountains(中国三山) 1845（Liu Chang）

239. Female Emperor---Wu Zetian 1845 (Song Xin)

240. Clay sculpture (泥塑） 1845 (Chen Lin)

241. Abacus (中国珠算） 1845

242. Hunan Rice Noodles（湖南米粉） 1845 (Gong Wei)

243. Chinese name（中国姓名文化） 1845

244. Chinese popular viral memes (中国网络社交媒体“热梗”） 1845(Xiao Yikang)

245. Douzhi (豆汁) 1845(Li Linyao)

246. New Year Wood-block Paintings (木版年画） 1845（Du Yuan）

247. Carved lacquer（雕漆） 1845 （Liu Qi）

248. Jing Gang Mountain (井冈山） 1845 （Yu Jingfang）

249. Intangible Cultural Heritage: Tongguan Kiln （铜官窑） 1845

250. Language: Hakka Dialect（客家话） 1845

251. Rice noodle roll（肠粉） 1845 ( Li Mingfeng )

252. Traditional Cuisine: Northeastern Chinese Cuisine(东北菜） 1845（Liu Shutian）

253. Yuelu Mountain (岳麓山) 1845（Chen Ting）

254. Traditional Crafts：Tie-Dye（扎染） 1845（Zhang Qi）

255. Chinese-style sun protection (中式防晒） 1845（Zhao Yashi）

256. Danmu (弹幕） 1845 (Zhou Le)

257. Yangshao Culture（仰韶文化） 1845

258. Indigo Dyeing (蓝染) 1845（Yang Jing)

259. Female Writers: Zhang Ailing, Chen Ping, Lin Yihan and Li Bihua 1845 (Zhou Tianyi)

260. Wedding dress in the Song Dynasty (宋代婚服) 1845 (Liu Chao)

261. The cultural idea oft he great unification in ancient China (中国古代的大一统文化思想) 1845

262. The Four Pillars of Destiny (八字) (Li Jiayi) 1845

263. Shaolin Temple (少林寺) 1845 (Zuo Fang)

264. Single bamboo drifting（独竹漂） 1845

265. Cuisine: Changde spicy salted duck 酱板鸭传说的由来 1845 （Xing Xueqing）

266. Hui Culture (徽文化) 1845(Liu Jianan)

267. Ma Zu Culture (妈祖文化) 1845 (Yan Jidong)

268. Table Manners 1845（Luo Yan）

269. Music of the Mongol nationality (蒙古族音乐) 1845

270. The Yingge Dance（英歌舞） 1845 （Jiang Xinyue)

271. Palace Lantern（宫灯） 1845

272. Chinese Term of Endearment（中国亲昵称谓） 1845 (Cheng Sixiang)

273. Changsha Stinky Tofu（长沙臭豆腐) 1845(Luo Sicheng)

274. God of Wealth(财神) 1845 （Zeng Zhi）

275. Zhuazhou（抓周） 1845 （Zeng Xiaohui）

276. Nail art（美甲） 1845 （Luo Jiaxin）
277. Mirror (镜子) 1845 (Cheng Sixiang)

278. The Beef Board Noodle (牛肉板面) 1845(Yan Xiang)

279. Huo Qubing (霍去病） 1845 （Luo Jingyan）

280. Chinese Courtyard Houses（中国四合院） 1845 (Guo Cili)

281. Music and instruments: Yangqin（扬琴） 1845（Dai Yexun）

282. Black Myth: Wukong（黑神话悟空） 1845 (Chen Zhen)

283. Guangdong Morning Tea Culture （广东早茶文化） 1845 （Zheng Jinlian）

=Session 02 Fri Feb 28 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
==Teacher presentation: Introduction to Culture==
[[Media:02_Chin_Lang_Cult_Spring_2025.pptx]]

==Topics for today==
Please copy and paste your presentation topic, your name here and add your powerpoint file (size limit 10 MB)

You need to copy all the topics for the whole semester to the sessions NOW. If you do not do it sufficiently in advance, how can the fellow students prepare the texts?

Please remember that you have to indicate the 10 topics for Friday on the course website under "Session 2" with the topic name, student name, powerpoint uploaded (max size 10 MB), all presentations will be each on 1 topic only and cannot exceed 5 minutes. They have to be interactive and helpful from the perspective of an interpreter or translator who needs to prepare his/her work on this topic.

27. Chinese Calligraphy (Tang Yan)

52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play 476（Jiang Ziqiang）[[Media:Mahjong-Jiang_Ziqiang.pptx]]

55. Garden Culture: The Summer Palace 519（Li Mei）[[Media:The Summer Palace - Li Mei.pptx]]

76. Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 725 (Duan Binyao) [[Media:Duan_Binyao_-76Su_Shi_and_Delegation_Literature.pptx]]

85. Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Miao Yunlong)[[Media:Qian_Zhongshu_Miao_Yunlong.pptx]]

Tea Latte Art (Xiang Jianning)

Topic 7

Topic 8

Topic 9

Topic 10

=Session 03 Fri Mar 07 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
==Presentations==
1. Topic 21: Beverages: Tea 203 (Zhang Mai) [[Media:Tea_Spring_2025.pptx]] 86

2. Topic 64: Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai 606 (Qin Yi) [[Media:Mount_Tai_Spring_2025.pptx]]

3. Topic 101. Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money 962 (Xu Yangyang) [[Media:Lucky_Money_Spring_2025.pptx]]

4. Topic 107:National Symbols: Culture of the National Flag 1026 （Liao Zuoyun）[[Media:Culture_of_the_National_Flag_Spring_2025.pptx]]

5. Topic 155:Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan 1480 (Liu Peini) [[Media:Wuhan_Breakfast_Spring_2025.pptx]]

6. Topic 157:Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot 1501 (Cao Chunyang)

7. Topic 126: China's four new inventions 1191(Yang Yue2).) [[Media:China's_Four_Great_New_Inventions_Spring_2025.pdf]]

==Notes on presentations==
Most students did not do their homework. 素质 in Chinese and international culture. Taking over responsibility. Being independent. Making sure that things run. Taking care of others. Not to do the homework in time (displaying the 13 presentations of each session) has disadvantages also for the other students, who cannot prepare.

1. 14:43-49 Only Chinese tradition explained, not Indian, Egyptian etc. "Black tea" (in English all "hong cha" is called "black tea"), British tea culture (add milk)

2. 14:55-15:00 Personal origin: Shandong, personal experience: climbed Mount Tai 4 times, Sacrificial Culture, Culture of Literati, Folk Belief: God of Mount Tai, Blue Rosy Cloud Fairy; Spiritual Symbolism

3. 15:04-15:10 Legend, Tradition and Contrast, Significance; Sui Monster ya sui qian; contrast in the West: Giving money as a present is considered not as good as a present itself, giving money in an envelope has the bad taste of bribing (transparency.org); in China you can even go to the temple and pray for money

4. 15:29-15:34 historical details of design, red meaning “stop” internationally, “achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation” (maybe a newer concept than the flag?), connection with earlier historical flags and other flags like of the communist movement, North Korea, ancient Soviet Union

5. 15:41-15:46 dialect terms (don’t use pinyin), analogy, breakfast is one of the most resilient cultural elements a person sticks to, guozao, 热干面, missing: characteristics like that it needs to be prepared quickly because the tradition of the dock workers

6. 15:56-16:01 hot pot history originated in China (?), regional differences within China 87

7. 16:02-16:06 4 new inventions - not explained that these inventions were invented in other countries. 86

==Student grades: 平时成绩/签到==

=Session 04 Fri Mar 14 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
1.Topic 260：Wedding Dress in the Song Dynasty(Liu Chao)[[Media:Wedding Dress in the Song Dynasty .pptx]]
2.Topic 146: Traditional crafts: Xiang embroidery 1386(Zhang Huifang) [[Media:Hunan_embroidery_Spring_2025.pptx]]
3.Topic 153. Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China 1456 (Zheng Kaiwu)
4.Topic 233. Traditional Chinese Pigments (Cao Yuan)

=Session 05 Fri Mar 21 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
131.Silk and porcelain: Silk (Fei Xinyu)

=Session 06 Fri Mar 28 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
=HOLIDAY Session 07 Fri Apr 04 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
清明节4月4日——4月6日
=Session 08 Fri Apr 11 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
=Session 09 Fri Apr 18 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=

=Session 10 Fri Apr 25 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
242. Hunan Rice Noodles (湖南米粉） 1845 (Gong Wei)
167. History: Wang Shouren 1573 (Lv Jiahao)
240. Clay sculpture (泥塑） 1845 (Chen Lin)
219. Chinese traditional art form：Seal carving（篆刻） 1845(Huang Qiaoqiao)

=HOLIDAY Session 11 Fri May 02 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
劳动节5月1日——5月5日
=Session 12 Fri May 09 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=

=Session 13 Fri May 16 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
231. The plaque and couplet in Chinese garden（园林匾额对联）Wang Yuxin

=Session 14 Fri May 23 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=

=Session 15 Fri May 30 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=
端午节5月31日——6月2日
=Session 16 Fri Jun 28 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Final Exam=
Please write your paper here: [[Chin_Lang_Cult_Fin_Exam_Spring_2025]]

Chinese Language and Culture, Spring 2025

2025-02-24T03:23:03Z

Cao Yuan: /* Teacher presentation: Introduction to Culture */

[[Media:Example.ogg]]Welcome to our course website [[Chinese Language and Culture, Spring 2025]]!

=Session 1 Fri Feb 21 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Organizational issues=

==What we learn in this class==
*We learn about Chinese culture from international, especially Western perspective.
*We learn about cultural phenomena, traditional Chinese culture.
*We learn English and Chinese terminology in the area of Chinese culture.
*We learn to think critically about cultural traditions and to appreciate the benefits from cultural traditions.
*We learn how to determine the location and role of Chinese culture within global culture.
*We learn basics of theories and models of intercultural communication and comparison.
*We learn the appreciate and respect the diversity of multipolar cultures and of integration.
*We become aware of the dangers of cultural discrimination (colonialism, religious missions, imperialism etc.).

==Students' contribution==
*Every student needs to prepare the 1-2 textbook texts of the respective chapters in the textbook ahead each week of class.
*Every student selects a topic, prepares 2 ppt presentations of 15 min. (one without AI, one with AI, and please indicate references and an AI statement at the end of the presentation) and a mentimeter.com quiz for everybody to take live in class with results shown after all will have answered. The topics and contents of the sessions are determined by the selection of the students.
*For the final exam, you write another chapter of the textbook in both Chinese and English, with "Terms and Expressions", References, Questions and Answers, Statement regarding AI

==Textbook==
You will receive the textbook for our class. We need a volunteer who integrates the last 92 new chapters into the word file. After tha, you will receive an updated version of the textbook. There are more than 200 topics of our textbook. Here you find all topics in the order of the book and with the names of the students who will translate the chapters into Chinese. Please select two topics by writing your name behind it and by setting it in '''bold'''. These topics will be presented in the form of a powerpoint presentation.

==Agreement on use of classroom time==
Should we read the texts in class or should the students read the text ahead of class (especially learning the terms and expressions) and come to class prepared? How should we use our classroom time? (presentations, quizzes, discussions, exercise to translate adhoc an unknown text from the same area)

==Homework for every session==
Please prepare the topics of the following session by reading the respective texts in the textbook (if you have not much time, you can read it in Chinese), learn the vocabulary and make yourself familiar with the questions asked under the text.

==Teacher presentation: Introduction to Culture==
[[Media:01_Chin_Lang_Cult_Spring_2025.pptx]]

[[File:Example.jpg]]==Homework for Session 2==
Please register on the Wiki and wait for the teacher to approve. You can click on http://bit.ly/WIKIREG, then input two times your pinyin name for username and real name in the way "Wang Jianguo", type in some info about yourself and submit the form with accepting the terms and conditions as well as typing in the captcha password "wikicaptcha". More detailed instructions for registration you find in the powerpoint presentation which you can download from here ("Teacher presentation").

Please select one of the following chapters of our textbook by writing your name behind the topic to give a 20 minute presentation on plus a MikeCRM quiz: The first three presenters will have to present next week!

1. Geographic Nature as a Basis for Cultural Development 17

2. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Chinese Marriage Customs 22

3. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Habits, Ways of Contacting 31

4. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Marriage-Accompanying Songs in Hunan 40

5. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Crying Marriage of Tujia 49

6. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China 63

7. Animals: Panda 71

8. Architecture 78

9. Architecture: The Forbidden City 89

10. Architecture: Four Famous Bridges 102

11. Architecture: Four Great Pavilions 113

12. Architecture: Shengjing Imperial Palace 124

13. Architecture: Three Great Towers in China 131

14. Architecture: Fengshui in Chinese Architecture 145

15. Army and weapons: Chinese Ancient Weapons 154

16. Army and weapons: Terracotta Army 163

17. Astrology: Chinese Astrology 170

18. Astrology: Calendar, The 24 Solar Terms 178

19. Astrology: Twelve Animals of the Chinese Zodiac 188

20. Beverages: Milk Tea 197

21. Beverages: Tea 203

22. Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China 209

23. Body movement performance: Chinese Lion Dancing 218

24. Body movement performance: Stilts 223

25. Body movement performance: Traditional Chinese Dance 230

26. Chinese Writing: Ancient Writing and Painting Tool, Writing Brush 236

27. Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 246

28. Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy 252

29. Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 262

30. Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts 276

31. Clothing: Chinese Clothing 283

32. Clothing: Batik (Lanran) 291

33. Clothing: Cheongsam 301

34. Confucianism: Confucian Culture 309

35. Confucianism: Chinese Traditional Culture-Five Constant Virtues 324

36. Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Confucius and Confucianism 332

37. Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Reading The Analects 339 (Duan Binyao)

38. Education: Ancient Chinese Education 350

39. Education: Historical Figures, The Four Talented Women of Ancient China 361

40. Education: Modern Chinese Education System 371

41. Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties 386

42. Education: Yuelu Academy (One of the Four Most Prestigious Academies) 395

43. Facial Make-up 406

44. Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up 413

45. Facial Make-up: Face Changing in Sichuan Opera 431

46. Fine Arts: Painting 440

47. Fine Arts: Bada Shanren and Qi Baishi 445

48. Fine Arts: Painting Riverside Scene at Tomb Sweeping Day 452

49. Fine Arts: Seal-cutting 459

50. Games: Go 围棋 462

51. Games: Kite Flying 468

52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play 476（Jiang Ziqiang）

53. Garden Culture: Gardens 505

54. Garden Culture: Bonsai (Penjing) 511

55. Garden Culture: The Summer Palace 519（Li Mei）

56. Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden 526

57. Gender: Wu Zetian: The Only Female Emperor of Imperial China 535

58. History: Carl and Cixi 548

59. Interieur: The Folding Screen 552

60. Landscapes and Tourism: Four Buddhist Shrines 561

61. Landscapes and Tourism: Four State-Level Cultural Relics 573

62. Landscapes and Tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains 585

63. Landscapes and Tourism: Mogao Grottoes 593

64. Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai 606

65. Landscapes and Tourism: Canal Culture：The Grand Canal（The Peking-Hangzhou Grand Canal） 621

66. Landscapes and Tourism: The Ancient Tea Horse Road 635

67. Landscapes and Tourism: Tourism, Nanking-An Ancient Capital of Six Dynasties 642

68. Language: Chinese Language 649

69. Language: Chinese Dialects 660

70. Language: Chinese Folk Argot 669

71. Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Classical Fairy Tales 681

72. Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Mythology 688

73. Literature: Ancient literature - Classical Literature 699

74. Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China 706

75. Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China 715

76. Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 725 (Duan Binyao)

77. Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas 748

78. Literature: Ancient literature: Yuefu 765

79. Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 773 (Duan Binyao)

80. Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations 780

81. Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 786

82. Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 794

83. Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 823

84. Literature: Modern Literature 832

85. Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 841

86. Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 848

87. Literature: Contemporary Literature 859

88. Martial Arts: Huo Yuanjia 865

89. Martial Arts: Qigong 868

90. Martial Arts: Taiji (Tai Chi) Shadow Boxing 873

91. Martial Arts: Wushu 885

92. Martial Arts: Frolics of the Five Animals (Wuqinxi) 890

93. Medicine: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) 900

94. Medicine: TCM - Acupuncture and Moxibustion 907

95. Medicine: TCM - Diagnosis and Pharmacology 912

96. Medicine: TCM - The Development of Chinese Medicine 917

97. Medicine: TCM – The Chinese Medical Sage Zhang Zhongjing 924

98. Minority cultures: Lisu People and Daogan Festival of Lisu Ethnic Minority 934

99. Minority cultures: The Ethnic Minorities’ Costumes 941

100. Money culture: Currency, Jiaozi (A Paper Currency in Northern Song Dynasty) 952

101. Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money 962

102. Music and instruments: Guzheng 975

103. Music and instruments: Pipa 986

104. Mythology: Gods and Immortals 996

105. Mythology: Huli-jing 1005

106. National Symbols: National Anthem 1018

107. National Symbols: National Flag 1026

108. Opera: Peking Opera 1035

109. Opera: Peking Opera Acrobatics 1043

110. Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 1050

111. Opera: Tea-picking Opera 1055

112. Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 1064

113. Philosophical Schools: Four Main Philosophical Schools 1076

114. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy – Daoism 1087

115. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading Tao Te Ching 1093

116. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Sutra of Hui-neng 1099

117. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Importance of Living 1106

118. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Legalism 1119

119. Philosophy: Chinese Traditional Cultivation Culture 1129

120. Religion: Traditional Chinese Funeral Culture 1141

121. Religion: Buddhism 1155

122. Religion: Daoism 1170

123. Religion: Christianity 1175

124. Religion: Islam 1181

125. Science and Technology: Ancient Science and Technology 1185

126. Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions 1191

127. Science and Technology: Compass 1217

128. Science and Technology: TikTok (Douyin) 1226

129. Science and Technology: Three Giant Home Appliance Enterprises In China 1235

130. Science and Technology: Four Domestic Mobile Phone Companies 1257

131. Silk and porcelain: Silk 1272

132. Silk and porcelain: Porcelain 1277 （Fei Xinyu)

133. Silk and porcelain: Celadon and Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 1283

134. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zhang Qian and the Silk Road 1291

135. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He and the Maritime Silk Road 1296

136. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He's Voyages 1300

137. Social: The Long-life Lock 1308

138. Social: Round Table Culture 1317 (Li Jiayi)

139. Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 1325
140. Stage entertainment: Shadow Play 1332

141. Traditional Crafts: Carving 1340

142. Traditional Crafts: Chinese Jade Culture 1348
143. Traditional Crafts: Cloisonne 1363

144. Traditional Crafts: Embroidery 1369

145. Traditional Crafts: Shu Embroidery (Sichuan Embroidery) 1373

146. Traditional Crafts: Xiang Embroidery 1386

147. Traditional Crafts: Folk Art - Chinese Paper-cutting 1400

148. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Chinese Knots 1409

149. Traditional Crafts: Lacquerware 1418

150. Traditional Crafts: The Kingfisher Craft点翠 1423（Chen Lin）

151. Traditional Cuisine: Chinese Dining Etiquette 1436

152. Traditional Cuisine: Chopsticks 1450 (Li Jiayi)

153. Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China 1456(Liu peini)

154. Traditional Cuisine: Four Distinct Regional Cuisines 1473

155. Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan 1480

156. Traditional Cuisine: Tanghulu, Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick 1491
157. Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot 1501

158. Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking 1508

159. Traditional Cuisine: Two Famous Dishes 1514

160. Traditional Festivals 1518……

161. Traditional Festivals: Lattice on Ancient Chinese Windows 1525

162. Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 1538

163. Westernization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 1544

164. Westernization: The Westernization Movement 1550

165. Worship: Chinese Incense Culture 1558

166. Economy: Chinese Currency Changes 1569

167. History: Wang Shouren 1573

168. Martial Arts: Chinese Swordsman Spirit 1582

169. Cuisine: Luosifen 1593 （Zeng Zhi）

170. Fine Arts: Chinese Paper Cutting 1601 （Luo Jiaxin）

171. Science and Technology: Taobao(淘宝) 1611

172. Traditional Craft: Bronze 1623

173. Entertainment: Deyunshe 德云社 1631

174. Traditional Cuisine: Jiaozi 1644

175. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: the Photo Retouching Culture in China 1655

176. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Oil-paper Umbrella 1664 (Tao Yao)

177. stage entertainment:Yuan drama 1676

178. Music and instruments: Erhu 1685

179. Traditional and Modern Views on Marriage and Love 1694

180. Traditional Cuisine: Tangyuan 1701（Liu Shutian）

181. Animals：Golden Monkey 1712

182. Chinese Economy: rich businessmen 1719

183. Opera: Chinese Local Operas 1727

184. The Chinese tradition of ancestor worship 1740

185. Opera: Huangmei opera 1752

186. The “reference” of Chinese Music 1759

187. Chinese Folk Art:Lion Dance 1767（Gao Xiaoqing）

188. Science and Technology: Mobile Games（手游） 1783

189. Clothing: Vintage Clothing 1790

190. Fine arts:Kunqu Opera 1798

191. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Culture of Flowers 1807

192. National Belief: the Chinese Dream 1818

193. Science and Technology: Buytogether（PDD) 1825

194. Aesthetic ideals and social customs：Marriage and Burial Customs of Tujia People 1845

195. Sports: Cuju (蹴鞠) 1845

196. Science and Technology: The culture of Chinese Electric Vehicles 中国电动汽车 1845

197. Chinese tradition culture: The culture of Ronghua—Velvet Flowers 绒花 1845

198. Stage entertainment: Northeast Errenzhuan (二人转) 1845

199. Traditional Crafts: Dough Sculpture 面塑 1845

200. Nanchang Relic Museum for Haihun Principality of Han Dynasty 1845

201. The culture of Grass cloth 夏布 1845 (Huang Qiaoqiao)

202. The Legend of Zhen Huan 《甄嬛传》 1845 （Xing Xueqing）

203. Chinese horror movies 中式恐怖片 1845 (Zhang Jiaxin)

204. Stand-up comedy 单口喜剧 1845

205. Bride-price（彩礼） 1845

206. Chinese science fiction movies 中国科幻片 1845

207. Shandong cuisine鲁菜 1845

208. Chinese traditional ornament: Buyao （步摇） 1845

209. Tofu meatball with pig blood (猪血丸子) 1845 （Li Ting2）

210. Sunzi’s Art of War: Source for All Books on War (孙子兵法) 1845

211. The Temple of Heaven：Reverence with Awe and Gratitude（天坛） 1845

212. Education：training Schools （教育：补习班） 1845

213. Chinese Dreamcore (中式梦核) 1845 (Zhang Zixi)

214. Lu Ban, China’s inventor（中国发明家——鲁班） 1845

215. Live Streaming E-commerce（直播电商） 1845 (Tao Yao)

216. The Story of Ming Lan（知否知否，应是绿肥红瘦） 1845

217. Cha Bai Xi/Tea Latte Art (茶百戏) 1845 (Tao Yao)

218. Guangdong Herbal tea（广东凉茶） 1845(Gao Xiaoqing)

219. Chinese traditional art form：Seal carving（篆刻） 1845(Huang Qiaoqiao)

220. Rice cake (年糕) 1845

221. Zhongyuan festival 1845 （Ou Huang）

222. Dulong: Facial tattoo (独龙族：纹面) 1845

223. The Return of the Pearl Princess（还珠格格） 1845 （Lu Jiahui）

224. Chinese Food：Jiangxi Cuisine（赣菜） 1845 (Liao Dan)

225. "Cun Chao": China's village football league（“村超”：中国乡村足球联赛） 1845 (Chen Zhen)

226. Landscapes and Tourism: Junshan Island (君山岛) 1845

227. Chinese Bossy Fictions & Micro-drama（中国式霸总小说&短剧） 1845 (He Yunfeng)

228. Chinese Traditional Medicine (中医药）——— Mortise and Tenon Joint（榫卯结构） 1845

229. Jingdezhen Porcelain 1845 (Xiao Luyu)

230. Gayageum（伽倻琴） 1845

231. The plaque and couplet in Chinese garden（园林匾额对联） 1845

232. Sun Wukong（孙悟空） 1845

233. Traditional Chinese Pigments（中国传统颜料） 1845 (Cao Yuan)

234. Dragon Lantern Dance（舞龙灯） 1845

235. Bamboo Weaving (竹编） 1845

236. Landscapes and Tourism: Harbin Ice and Snow World (冰雪大世界) 1845 (Xu Xinwen)

237. Braised Chicken Rice (黄焖鸡米饭-Huang Men Ji Mifan) 1845

238. Three Famous Chinese Mountains(中国三山) 1845

239. Female Emperor---Wu Zetian 1845

240. Clay sculpture (泥塑） 1845

241. Abacus (中国珠算） 1845

242. Hunan Rice Noodles（湖南米粉） 1845 （Ou Huang）

243. Chinese name（中国姓名文化） 1845 (Yang Jing)

244. Chinese popular viral memes (中国网络社交媒体“热梗”） 1845(Xiao Yikang)

245. Douzhi (豆汁) 1845 (Chen Zhen)

246. New Year Wood-block Paintings (木版年画） 1845

247. Carved lacquer（雕漆） 1845

248. Jing Gang Mountain (井冈山） 1845

249. Intangible Cultural Heritage: Tongguan Kiln （铜官窑） 1845

250. Language: Hakka Dialect（客家话） 1845

251. Rice noodle roll（肠粉） 1845 ( Li Mingfeng )

252. Traditional Cuisine: Northeastern Chinese Cuisine(东北菜） 1845（Liu Shutian）

253. Yuelu Mountain (岳麓山) 1845

254. Traditional Crafts：Tie-Dye（扎染） 1845（Zhang Qi）

255. Chinese-style sun protection (中式防晒） 1845

256. Danmu (弹幕） 1845 (Zhou Le)

257. Yangshao Culture（仰韶文化） 1845

258. Indigo Dyeing (蓝染) 1845

259. Female Writers: Zhang Ailing, Chen Ping, Lin Yihan and Li Bihua 1845

260. Wedding dress in the Song Dynasty (宋代婚服) 1845 (Liu Chao)

261. The cultural idea oft he great unification in ancient China (中国古代的大一统文化思想) 1845

262. The Four Pillars of Destiny (八字) 1845 （Ou Huang）

263. Shaolin Temple (少林寺) 1845

264. Single bamboo drifting（独竹漂） 1845

265. Cuisine: Changde spicy salted duck 酱板鸭传说的由来 1845 （Xing Xueqing）

266. Hui Culture (徽文化) 1845(Liu Jianan)

267. Ma Zu Culture (妈祖文化) 1845 (Yan Jidong)

268. Table Manners 1845（Luo Yan）

269. Music of the Mongol nationality (蒙古族音乐) 1845

270. The Yingge Dance（英歌舞） 1845 （Jiang Xinyue)

271. Palace Lantern（宫灯） 1845

272. Chinese Term of Endearment（中国亲昵称谓） 1845

273. Changsha Stinky Tofu（长沙臭豆腐) 1845(Luo Sicheng)

274. God of Wealth(财神) 1845 （Zeng Zhi）

275. Zhuazhou（抓周） 1845 （Zeng Xiaohui）

276. Nail art（美甲） 1845

277. Mirror (镜子) 1845

278. The Beef Board Noodle (牛肉板面) 1845

279. Huo Qubing (霍去病） 1845 （Luo Jingyan）

280. Chinese Courtyard Houses（中国四合院） 1845

281. Music and instruments: Yangqin（扬琴） 1845

282. Black Myth: Wukong（黑神话悟空） 1845 (Chen Zhen)

283. Guangdong Morning Tea Culture （广东早茶文化） 1845

=Session 02 Fri Feb 28 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=
==Teacher presentation: Introduction to Culture==
[[Media:02_Chin_Lang_Cult_Spring_2025.pptx]]

==Topics for today==
Please copy and paste your presentation topic, your name here and add your powerpoint file (size limit 10 MB)

=Session 03 Fri Mar 07 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=
=Session 04 Fri Mar 14 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=
=Session 05 Fri Mar 21 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=
=Session 06 Fri Mar 28 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=
=HOLIDAY Session 07 Fri Apr 04 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=
清明节4月4日——4月6日
=Session 08 Fri Apr 11 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=
=Session 09 Fri Apr 18 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=
=Session 10 Fri Apr 25 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=
=HOLIDAY Session 11 Fri May 02 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=
劳动节5月1日——5月5日
=Session 12 Fri May 09 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=
=Session 13 Fri May 16 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=
=Session 14 Fri May 23 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=
=Session 15 Fri May 30 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=
端午节5月31日——6月2日
=Session 16 Fri Jun 28 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Final Exam=
Please write your paper here: [[Chin_Lang_Cult_Fin_Exam_Spring_2025]]