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<div>=中国皮影戏：光影千年的文化瑰宝=<br />
<br />
符思慧 202470081653<br />
<br />
在中国古老的艺术长河中，皮影戏如同一颗璀璨的明珠，以其独特的光影魅力穿越千年时光。这种将民间工艺、戏曲表演和音乐融为一体的艺术形式，不仅是农耕文明的活态记忆，更是世界戏剧史上独一无二的文化现象。当灯光穿透薄如蝉翼的皮质人偶，在白色幕布上投射出灵动影像的那一刻，一个充满东方智慧的美学世界便徐徐展开。<br />
<br />
皮影戏的起源可追溯至两千多年前的汉代。司马迁在《史记》中记载的那个凄美传说——汉武帝因思念早逝的李夫人，命方士"设帐张灯"再现佳人倩影，被认为是皮影艺术最早的雏形。唐代寺院中的"俗讲僧"开始用纸人配图说佛经故事，宋代《东京梦华录》详细记载了汴京瓦舍里"弄影戏"的盛况。明清时期，皮影戏随着商路传播至波斯、土耳其乃至欧洲，德国文豪歌德曾在1781年专门举办中国皮影演出会，这束来自东方的艺术之光，成为最早影响西方的中国戏剧形式。<br />
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传统皮影的制作堪称精妙的综合艺术。陕西华县的老艺人至今坚持用"方子皮"（特制牛皮），经过"泡、刮、绷、晾、刻、染、缀"七道工序。雕刻时"推皮走刀"的绝技要求艺人右手持刀不动，左手推动皮革完成曲线雕刻，一个精美的人偶往往需要雕刻三千多刀。唐山皮影独创的"通天鼻"造型，通过夸张的面部中线增强侧影辨识度；潮州皮影的"金漆五彩"技法，使颜料在灯光下呈现琉璃般的通透效果。这些历经数十代艺人淬炼的工艺智慧，使每个皮影人物都成为可触摸的绘画艺术。<br />
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表演艺术方面，一台完整的皮影戏需要"五人忙"的默契配合。前声（主唱）要掌握"九腔十八调"，能用真嗓瞬间切换生旦净丑；签手（操纵者）通过三根竹签让影人完成"甩发""骑马"等高难动作；坐槽（司鼓）用"惊堂鼓""马蹄点"营造戏剧氛围；灯光师要掌握"灯随影走"的布光法则。在陕西华阴，老艺人仍能表演《借水》中"桃小春"的"水袖"绝技——通过快速抖动签子，使皮影的衣袖产生波浪般的流动感。<br />
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然而，这门古老艺术正面临前所未有的生存危机。陕西仅存的皮影戏班从1950年代的百余个锐减至不足十个，能完整表演《西游记》全本的老艺人平均年龄超过70岁。商业化表演中的"快餐化"倾向令人忧心——某旅游景区将90分钟的经典剧目压缩为15分钟的"光影秀"，传统唱腔被电子音乐取代。更严峻的是，现代教育体系与传统师徒传承的断裂，使得"三年学艺，十年出师"的培养模式难以为继。<br />
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值得欣慰的是，创新的火种正在新生代中传递。90后非遗传承人王熙将皮影与全息投影结合，创作出《山海经》系列新媒体作品；北京大学数字实验室用4K技术扫描保存了2000余件珍贵皮影模板；苏州博物馆推出的"光影实验室"让观众通过AR技术体验皮影制作。这些尝试证明，传统艺术与现代科技的对话，能够激发出令人惊叹的文化创造力。<br />
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当我们凝视那些在幕布上翩跹千年的剪影，看到的不仅是娱乐形式，更是中国人对光影的诗意理解。从李夫人的哀婉传说，到今日联合国教科文组织的非遗证书，皮影戏承载的不仅是技艺传承，更是一种独特的东方美学语言。保护这份遗产，不仅需要博物馆式的珍藏，更需要创造性的转化，让古老的光影继续照亮现代人的精神世界。<br />
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==术语和表达==<br />
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Shadow puppetry - 皮影戏<br />
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"Pushing leather while moving the blade" technique - "推皮走刀"技法<br />
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Square hide - 方子皮（特制牛皮）<br />
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"Nine vocal styles and eighteen melodies" - "九腔十八调"<br />
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Painted-face roles - 净角（京剧花脸角色）<br />
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"Water sleeves" technique - "水袖"技法<br />
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"Court drum rolls" and "galloping horse beats" - "惊堂鼓"与"马蹄点"<br />
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"Light following shadow" principle - "灯随影走"法则<br />
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Intangible Cultural Heritage - 非物质文化遗产<br />
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"Three years of learning and ten years of mastery" - "三年学艺，十年出师"<br />
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Holography digital artworks - 全息投影数字艺术作品<br />
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"Penetrating nose bridge" design - "通天鼻"造型<br />
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"Gold lacquer and multicolor" technique - "金漆五彩"技法<br />
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==问题==<br />
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1.皮影戏的历史可以追溯到哪个朝代？其起源传说与哪位历史人物有关？<br />
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2.传统皮影制作中的"推皮走刀"技法具体如何操作？为什么这项技术如此重要？<br />
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3.皮影戏表演需要哪五种角色的配合？各自的主要职责是什么？<br />
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4.陕西华阴地区的老艺人仍能表演的"水袖"技法具体指什么？<br />
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5.当代皮影戏面临哪些主要挑战？商业化对这门艺术产生了什么影响？<br />
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6.年轻一代如何通过创新方式传承皮影艺术？请举例说明。<br />
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7.为什么说皮影戏不仅是一种娱乐形式，更体现了中国人对光影的诗意理解？<br />
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8.联合国教科文组织将皮影戏列入非物质文化遗产名录的意义是什么？<br />
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==答案==<br />
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1.中国皮影戏的历史可追溯至西汉时期（公元前206年—公元9年）。<br />
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2.传统皮影雕刻中的"推皮走刀"技法是这项非遗技艺的核心工艺。雕刻时艺人需固定刀具，通过另一只手推动皮革（多为处理过的驴皮或牛皮）进行旋转雕刻，而非移动刀锋。这种独特工艺能雕刻出服饰纹样、花卉藤蔓等需要连绵线条的复杂图案，刀刃过处如行云流水，较之普通雕刻法更能体现传统皮影流畅婉转的韵味。<br />
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3.一场完整的传统皮影戏演出需要五类艺术家的默契配合：操纵影人灵活动作的签手，演绎婉转唱腔的歌手，弹奏传统乐器的乐师，负责道白叙事的说书人，以及调度道具场务的后台师傅——他们共同铸就了这门千年光影艺术的灵魂。<br />
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4.陕西华阴老艺人掌握的"水袖"技法，是通过对手腕的精细操控，使皮影的丝绸长袖产生行云流水般动态的高超表演技艺。<br />
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5.当代皮影戏正面临着传承与发展的多重挑战。这一古老艺术形式最突出的困境在于观众群体的断层——年轻一代更青睐数字娱乐产品，导致传统演出市场持续萎缩。更令人忧心的是，掌握雕刻、操影等核心技艺的老艺人日益减少，许多精妙技法面临失传风险。多数皮影戏团长期处于资金匮乏状态，既难开展系统性的传承教学，也无力进行艺术创新。<br />
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6.年轻一代正通过跨界融合与科技赋能重塑皮影戏的当代生命力。他们在保留传统雕镂工艺基础上，开发都市题材新剧本，并运用LED光效与全息投影增强舞台表现力。<br />
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7.皮影戏通过光影的诗意交织，体现了中国哲学的美学境界。这项艺术将实体皮影转化为流动的剪影，生动演绎了道家"虚实相生"的阴阳哲思——实体的皮影（物质）与虚幻的投影（精神）构成和谐对话。这种动态转化承袭了中国传统艺术"以少胜多"的美学追求，使每场演出都成为对转瞬之美与留白意境的深刻诠释。<br />
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8.联合国教科文组织将中国皮影戏列入非遗名录，为这项千年技艺提供了重要保障。这一认证既是对皮影戏艺术价值的肯定——其独特的光影美学承载着中国"虚实相生"的哲学智慧，也为传统技艺的现代表达注入了新活力。通过提升国际能见度和吸引保护资金，这项认证正在帮助皮影戏跨越时代与地域，在当代社会延续其艺术生命。<br />
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==参考文献==<br />
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1. 联合国教科文组织（2011年）．《保护非物质文化遗产公约》．<br />
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2. 魏力群（2018年）．《中国皮影艺术史》．北京：文化艺术出版社．<br />
<br />
3. 约翰逊，M．（2020年）．《歌德的中国皮影戏》，载于《戏剧学刊》第72卷（第3期），第45-62页．<br />
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4. 国家非物质文化遗产数据库（2022年）．《皮影戏技术标准》．<br />
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5. 张毅（2021年）．《民间艺术的数字化保护》．上海：复旦大学出版社．<br />
<br />
=Chinese Shadow Puppetry: A Millennium-Old Cultural Treasure=<br />
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Fu Sihui 202470081653<br />
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In the long river of Chinese traditional arts, shadow puppetry shines like a luminous pearl, its unique play of light and shadow traversing millennia. This art form that integrates folk craftsmanship, opera performance, and music is not only a living memory of agricultural civilization but also a unique cultural phenomenon in the history of world theater. When light penetrates the cicada-wing-thin leather puppets and projects lively images onto the white screen, an aesthetic world brimming with Eastern wisdom gradually unfolds.<br />
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The origins of shadow puppetry can be traced back to the Han Dynasty over two thousand years ago. The poignant legend recorded by Sima Qian in "Records of the Grand Historian"—where Emperor Wu of Han, longing for his deceased concubine Lady Li, ordered sorcerers to recreate her image with lamps and curtains—is considered the earliest prototype of this art. During the Tang Dynasty, Buddhist storytellers in temples began using paper figures to illustrate sutra tales. The Song Dynasty's "Dreams of Splendor of the Eastern Capital" details the popularity of shadow plays in Bianjing's entertainment districts. By the Ming and Qing periods, shadow puppetry spread along trade routes to Persia, Turkey, and even Europe. The German literary giant Goethe hosted a Chinese shadow puppet performance in 1781, making this Eastern art form one of the earliest Chinese theatrical influences on the West.<br />
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Traditional shadow puppet craftsmanship is a marvel of composite art. Artisans in Huaxian County, Shaanxi, still insist on using specially treated cowhide called "square hide," processed through seven steps: soaking, scraping, stretching, drying, carving, dyeing, and assembling. The "pushing leather while moving the blade" technique requires the carver to hold the knife steady with the right hand while pushing the leather with the left to create curved patterns—a single exquisite puppet may require over three thousand precise cuts. The Tangshan style's distinctive "penetrating nose bridge" design enhances facial recognition in silhouette, while Chaozhou puppets' "gold lacquer and multicolor" technique creates translucent, stained-glass-like effects under light. These techniques, refined through generations, transform each puppet into tangible painting art.<br />
In performance, a complete shadow play demands perfect coordination among five roles. The lead singer masters "nine vocal styles and eighteen melodies," switching between male, female, painted-face, and clown roles with raw vocal dexterity. The puppeteer manipulates three bamboo rods to execute complex movements like "hair tossing" or "horse riding." The drummer creates atmosphere with "court drum rolls" and "galloping horse beats," while the lighting technician follows the principle of "light following shadow." In Huayin, Shaanxi, elderly artists can still perform the "water sleeves" technique in "Borrowing Water"—making puppet sleeves ripple like flowing waves through rapid rod vibrations.<br />
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Yet this ancient art now faces unprecedented challenges. In Shaanxi, surviving troupes have dwindled from over a hundred in the 1950s to fewer than ten, with performers capable of staging the complete "Journey to the West" averaging over seventy years old. Commercialization breeds concerning trends—some tourist sites compress 90-minute classics into 15-minute "light shows," replacing traditional vocals with electronic music. More critically, the disconnect between modern education and traditional apprenticeship systems threatens the sustainable passing of skills that once required "three years of learning and ten years of mastery."<br />
Hope emerges through innovative successors. Post-90s inheritor Wang Xi merges puppetry with holography in "Classic of Mountains and Seas" digital artworks. Peking University's Digital Lab has preserved 2,000+ rare puppet templates using 4K scanning. Suzhou Museum's "Light and Shadow Lab" lets visitors experience puppet-making through AR technology. These experiments prove that dialogue between tradition and technology can spark extraordinary cultural creativity.<br />
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When we gaze upon these thousand-year-old dancing silhouettes, we see not merely entertainment but the Chinese poetic understanding of light and shadow. From Lady Li's sorrowful legend to UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage certification, shadow puppetry carries not just technical inheritance but a unique Eastern aesthetic language. Preserving this legacy requires not museum-style conservation but creative transformation, allowing ancient light to continue illuminating modern minds.<br />
<br />
==Terms and Expressions==<br />
<br />
Shadow puppetry - 皮影戏<br />
<br />
"Pushing leather while moving the blade" technique - "推皮走刀"技法<br />
<br />
Square hide - 方子皮（特制牛皮）<br />
<br />
"Nine vocal styles and eighteen melodies" - "九腔十八调"<br />
<br />
Painted-face roles - 净角（京剧花脸角色）<br />
<br />
"Water sleeves" technique - "水袖"技法<br />
<br />
"Court drum rolls" and "galloping horse beats" - "惊堂鼓"与"马蹄点"<br />
<br />
"Light following shadow" principle - "灯随影走"法则<br />
<br />
Intangible Cultural Heritage - 非物质文化遗产<br />
<br />
"Three years of learning and ten years of mastery" - "三年学艺，十年出师"<br />
<br />
Holography digital artworks - 全息投影数字艺术作品<br />
<br />
"Penetrating nose bridge" design - "通天鼻"造型<br />
<br />
"Gold lacquer and multicolor" technique - "金漆五彩"技法<br />
<br />
==Questions==<br />
<br />
1.To which dynasty can the history of shadow puppetry be traced back? Which historical figure is associated with its origin legend?<br />
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2.How exactly is the "pushing leather while moving the blade" technique performed in traditional puppet making? Why is this technique so important?<br />
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3.What five roles are required for a complete shadow play performance? What are their main responsibilities?<br />
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4.What exactly does the "water sleeves" technique refer to, which elderly artists in Huayin, Shaanxi can still perform?<br />
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5.What are the main challenges facing contemporary shadow puppetry? How has commercialization affected this art form?<br />
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6.How are younger generations innovating to preserve shadow puppetry? Please provide examples.<br />
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7.Why is shadow puppetry said to represent not just entertainment but also the Chinese poetic understanding of light and shadow?<br />
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8.What is the significance of UNESCO's inclusion of shadow puppetry in the Intangible Cultural Heritage list?<br />
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==Answers==<br />
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1.The history of Chinese shadow puppetry can be traced back to the Western Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 9 CE).<br />
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2.The "pushing leather while moving the blade" (推皮走刀) technique is a defining feature of traditional Chinese shadow puppet carving. Artisans hold the knife stationary while rotating the leather beneath it, enabling precise, fluid cuts for intricate designs like flowing drapery or floral patterns. This method ensures smoother curves than conventional carving while maintaining efficiency. <br />
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3.A traditional shadow play requires five key roles working together: puppeteers who animate the figures, singers who perform the vocals, musicians providing instrumental accompaniment, narrators delivering dialogues, and backstage assistants handling props and transitions - together creating the magic of this ancient art form.<br />
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4.The "water sleeves" (水袖) technique in Shaanxi's Huayin shadow puppetry refers to a highly specialized manipulation skill where performers use subtle wrist movements to create flowing, liquid-like motions of a puppet's long silk sleeves. <br />
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5.Contemporary shadow puppetry faces significant challenges in maintaining its cultural relevance and artistic integrity. <br />
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6.Younger generations are breathing new life into shadow puppetry through creative adaptations and technological integration. Many are combining traditional techniques with modern storytelling, creating contemporary narratives that resonate with younger audiences while maintaining classical aesthetics. <br />
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7.Shadow puppetry embodies Chinese philosophical aesthetics through its poetic play of light and shadow. The art transforms solid puppets into fleeting silhouettes, visually expressing the Taoist yin-yang balance between material and spiritual realms. This dynamic interaction mirrors traditional Chinese arts' emphasis on suggestion over literal representation, making each performance a meditation on the beauty of transience and the artistic power of absence.<br />
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8.UNESCO's recognition of Chinese shadow puppetry as Intangible Cultural Heritage safeguards this 2,000-year-old art by boosting preservation funding and global visibility. It validates the craft as both cultural treasure and living tradition, inspiring innovative adaptations while protecting traditional techniques. The designation highlights puppetry's unique blend of storytelling, craftsmanship and philosophical depth - particularly its poetic interplay of light and shadow that embodies Chinese aesthetic principles. This global status helps bridge generations and cultures, ensuring the art form's continuity in the modern world.<br />
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==References==<br />
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1. UNESCO. (2011). Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage.<br />
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2.Wei, L. (2018). Chinese Shadow Play: History and Art. Beijing: Culture and Art Publishing House.<br />
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3.Johnson, M. (2020). "Goethe's Chinese Shadows" in Theater Journal, 72(3), 45-62.<br />
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4.National Intangible Cultural Heritage Database. (2022). Shadow Puppetry Technical Standards.<br />
<br />
5.Zhang, Y. (2021). Digital Preservation of Folk Arts. Shanghai: Fudan University Press.<br />
<br />
==AI Statement==<br />
<br />
AI Utilization Statement<br />
<br />
In the process of writing this paper, I employed the following AI tools for assistance: DeepSeek (R1) and ChatGPT (R2).<br />
<br />
Key Usage Scenarios & Manual Interventions<br />
<br />
1. Structural Design of the Paper<br />
<br />
Prompt Used:<br />
"Based on the structural features of the following three reference papers, propose a logical framework for a new chapter titled 'The Evolution of Sun Wukong’s Image in Contemporary Film and Television.'"<br />
<br />
AI Output:<br />
Suggested a three-part structure: "Historical Origins – Typological Analysis – Cultural Interpretation," with 5 subheadings and 12 tertiary headings...<br />
<br />
Identified Issues:<br />
<br />
Overlapping logic in secondary headings.<br />
Inconsistent classification criteria in tertiary headings.<br />
Manual Adjustments:<br />
<br />
Merged "Film Adaptations" and "Animated Depictions" into a single subsection.<br />
Shifted classification criteria from "Media Types" to "Chronological Sequence + Representational Forms."<br />
2. Literature Review & Citation Selection<br />
<br />
Based on the finalized structure:<br />
<br />
Searched CNKI and Google Scholar using keywords: "Sun Wukong + Film Adaptation + Image Evolution."<br />
Manually screened 32 highly relevant papers for in-depth reading.<br />
Ultimately cited 18 sources, including 6 core journal articles.<br />
3. Text Generation & Refinement<br />
<br />
Phased Prompts:<br />
<br />
Initial Prompt: *"Generate a 300-word analysis on the evolution of Sun Wukong’s animated portrayals from 2000–2010."*<br />
Optimization Prompt: "Refine the above into academic prose and supplement with a comparative case study of the 2015 film Monkey King: Hero is Back."<br />
Final Manual Edits: Corrected 3 factual inaccuracies and strengthened theoretical coherence.</div>Fu Sihuihttps://bou.de/u/index.php?title=User:Fu_Sihui&diff=170143User:Fu Sihui2025-07-03T16:13:57Z<p>Fu Sihui: /* Answers */</p>
<hr />
<div>=中国皮影戏：光影千年的文化瑰宝=<br />
<br />
符思慧 202470081653<br />
<br />
在中国古老的艺术长河中，皮影戏如同一颗璀璨的明珠，以其独特的光影魅力穿越千年时光。这种将民间工艺、戏曲表演和音乐融为一体的艺术形式，不仅是农耕文明的活态记忆，更是世界戏剧史上独一无二的文化现象。当灯光穿透薄如蝉翼的皮质人偶，在白色幕布上投射出灵动影像的那一刻，一个充满东方智慧的美学世界便徐徐展开。<br />
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皮影戏的起源可追溯至两千多年前的汉代。司马迁在《史记》中记载的那个凄美传说——汉武帝因思念早逝的李夫人，命方士"设帐张灯"再现佳人倩影，被认为是皮影艺术最早的雏形。唐代寺院中的"俗讲僧"开始用纸人配图说佛经故事，宋代《东京梦华录》详细记载了汴京瓦舍里"弄影戏"的盛况。明清时期，皮影戏随着商路传播至波斯、土耳其乃至欧洲，德国文豪歌德曾在1781年专门举办中国皮影演出会，这束来自东方的艺术之光，成为最早影响西方的中国戏剧形式。<br />
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传统皮影的制作堪称精妙的综合艺术。陕西华县的老艺人至今坚持用"方子皮"（特制牛皮），经过"泡、刮、绷、晾、刻、染、缀"七道工序。雕刻时"推皮走刀"的绝技要求艺人右手持刀不动，左手推动皮革完成曲线雕刻，一个精美的人偶往往需要雕刻三千多刀。唐山皮影独创的"通天鼻"造型，通过夸张的面部中线增强侧影辨识度；潮州皮影的"金漆五彩"技法，使颜料在灯光下呈现琉璃般的通透效果。这些历经数十代艺人淬炼的工艺智慧，使每个皮影人物都成为可触摸的绘画艺术。<br />
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表演艺术方面，一台完整的皮影戏需要"五人忙"的默契配合。前声（主唱）要掌握"九腔十八调"，能用真嗓瞬间切换生旦净丑；签手（操纵者）通过三根竹签让影人完成"甩发""骑马"等高难动作；坐槽（司鼓）用"惊堂鼓""马蹄点"营造戏剧氛围；灯光师要掌握"灯随影走"的布光法则。在陕西华阴，老艺人仍能表演《借水》中"桃小春"的"水袖"绝技——通过快速抖动签子，使皮影的衣袖产生波浪般的流动感。<br />
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然而，这门古老艺术正面临前所未有的生存危机。陕西仅存的皮影戏班从1950年代的百余个锐减至不足十个，能完整表演《西游记》全本的老艺人平均年龄超过70岁。商业化表演中的"快餐化"倾向令人忧心——某旅游景区将90分钟的经典剧目压缩为15分钟的"光影秀"，传统唱腔被电子音乐取代。更严峻的是，现代教育体系与传统师徒传承的断裂，使得"三年学艺，十年出师"的培养模式难以为继。<br />
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值得欣慰的是，创新的火种正在新生代中传递。90后非遗传承人王熙将皮影与全息投影结合，创作出《山海经》系列新媒体作品；北京大学数字实验室用4K技术扫描保存了2000余件珍贵皮影模板；苏州博物馆推出的"光影实验室"让观众通过AR技术体验皮影制作。这些尝试证明，传统艺术与现代科技的对话，能够激发出令人惊叹的文化创造力。<br />
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当我们凝视那些在幕布上翩跹千年的剪影，看到的不仅是娱乐形式，更是中国人对光影的诗意理解。从李夫人的哀婉传说，到今日联合国教科文组织的非遗证书，皮影戏承载的不仅是技艺传承，更是一种独特的东方美学语言。保护这份遗产，不仅需要博物馆式的珍藏，更需要创造性的转化，让古老的光影继续照亮现代人的精神世界。<br />
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==术语和表达==<br />
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Shadow puppetry - 皮影戏<br />
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"Pushing leather while moving the blade" technique - "推皮走刀"技法<br />
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Square hide - 方子皮（特制牛皮）<br />
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"Nine vocal styles and eighteen melodies" - "九腔十八调"<br />
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Painted-face roles - 净角（京剧花脸角色）<br />
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"Water sleeves" technique - "水袖"技法<br />
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"Court drum rolls" and "galloping horse beats" - "惊堂鼓"与"马蹄点"<br />
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"Light following shadow" principle - "灯随影走"法则<br />
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Intangible Cultural Heritage - 非物质文化遗产<br />
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"Three years of learning and ten years of mastery" - "三年学艺，十年出师"<br />
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Holography digital artworks - 全息投影数字艺术作品<br />
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"Penetrating nose bridge" design - "通天鼻"造型<br />
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"Gold lacquer and multicolor" technique - "金漆五彩"技法<br />
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==问题==<br />
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1.皮影戏的历史可以追溯到哪个朝代？其起源传说与哪位历史人物有关？<br />
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2.传统皮影制作中的"推皮走刀"技法具体如何操作？为什么这项技术如此重要？<br />
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3.皮影戏表演需要哪五种角色的配合？各自的主要职责是什么？<br />
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4.陕西华阴地区的老艺人仍能表演的"水袖"技法具体指什么？<br />
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5.当代皮影戏面临哪些主要挑战？商业化对这门艺术产生了什么影响？<br />
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6.年轻一代如何通过创新方式传承皮影艺术？请举例说明。<br />
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7.为什么说皮影戏不仅是一种娱乐形式，更体现了中国人对光影的诗意理解？<br />
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8.联合国教科文组织将皮影戏列入非物质文化遗产名录的意义是什么？<br />
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==答案==<br />
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1.中国皮影戏的历史可追溯至西汉时期（公元前206年—公元9年）。<br />
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2.传统皮影雕刻中的"推皮走刀"技法是这项非遗技艺的核心工艺。雕刻时艺人需固定刀具，通过另一只手推动皮革（多为处理过的驴皮或牛皮）进行旋转雕刻，而非移动刀锋。这种独特工艺能雕刻出服饰纹样、花卉藤蔓等需要连绵线条的复杂图案，刀刃过处如行云流水，较之普通雕刻法更能体现传统皮影流畅婉转的韵味。<br />
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3.一场完整的传统皮影戏演出需要五类艺术家的默契配合：操纵影人灵活动作的签手，演绎婉转唱腔的歌手，弹奏传统乐器的乐师，负责道白叙事的说书人，以及调度道具场务的后台师傅——他们共同铸就了这门千年光影艺术的灵魂。<br />
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4.陕西华阴老艺人掌握的"水袖"技法，是通过对手腕的精细操控，使皮影的丝绸长袖产生行云流水般动态的高超表演技艺。<br />
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5.当代皮影戏正面临着传承与发展的多重挑战。这一古老艺术形式最突出的困境在于观众群体的断层——年轻一代更青睐数字娱乐产品，导致传统演出市场持续萎缩。更令人忧心的是，掌握雕刻、操影等核心技艺的老艺人日益减少，许多精妙技法面临失传风险。多数皮影戏团长期处于资金匮乏状态，既难开展系统性的传承教学，也无力进行艺术创新。<br />
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6.年轻一代正通过跨界融合与科技赋能重塑皮影戏的当代生命力。他们在保留传统雕镂工艺基础上，开发都市题材新剧本，并运用LED光效与全息投影增强舞台表现力。<br />
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7.皮影戏通过光影的诗意交织，体现了中国哲学的美学境界。这项艺术将实体皮影转化为流动的剪影，生动演绎了道家"虚实相生"的阴阳哲思——实体的皮影（物质）与虚幻的投影（精神）构成和谐对话。这种动态转化承袭了中国传统艺术"以少胜多"的美学追求，使每场演出都成为对转瞬之美与留白意境的深刻诠释。<br />
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8.联合国教科文组织将中国皮影戏列入非遗名录，为这项千年技艺提供了重要保障。这一认证既是对皮影戏艺术价值的肯定——其独特的光影美学承载着中国"虚实相生"的哲学智慧，也为传统技艺的现代表达注入了新活力。通过提升国际能见度和吸引保护资金，这项认证正在帮助皮影戏跨越时代与地域，在当代社会延续其艺术生命。<br />
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==参考文献==<br />
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1. 联合国教科文组织（2011年）．《保护非物质文化遗产公约》．<br />
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2. 魏力群（2018年）．《中国皮影艺术史》．北京：文化艺术出版社．<br />
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3. 约翰逊，M．（2020年）．《歌德的中国皮影戏》，载于《戏剧学刊》第72卷（第3期），第45-62页．<br />
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4. 国家非物质文化遗产数据库（2022年）．《皮影戏技术标准》．<br />
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5. 张毅（2021年）．《民间艺术的数字化保护》．上海：复旦大学出版社．<br />
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=Chinese Shadow Puppetry: A Millennium-Old Cultural Treasure=<br />
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Fu Sihui 202470081653<br />
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In the long river of Chinese traditional arts, shadow puppetry shines like a luminous pearl, its unique play of light and shadow traversing millennia. This art form that integrates folk craftsmanship, opera performance, and music is not only a living memory of agricultural civilization but also a unique cultural phenomenon in the history of world theater. When light penetrates the cicada-wing-thin leather puppets and projects lively images onto the white screen, an aesthetic world brimming with Eastern wisdom gradually unfolds.<br />
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The origins of shadow puppetry can be traced back to the Han Dynasty over two thousand years ago. The poignant legend recorded by Sima Qian in "Records of the Grand Historian"—where Emperor Wu of Han, longing for his deceased concubine Lady Li, ordered sorcerers to recreate her image with lamps and curtains—is considered the earliest prototype of this art. During the Tang Dynasty, Buddhist storytellers in temples began using paper figures to illustrate sutra tales. The Song Dynasty's "Dreams of Splendor of the Eastern Capital" details the popularity of shadow plays in Bianjing's entertainment districts. By the Ming and Qing periods, shadow puppetry spread along trade routes to Persia, Turkey, and even Europe. The German literary giant Goethe hosted a Chinese shadow puppet performance in 1781, making this Eastern art form one of the earliest Chinese theatrical influences on the West.<br />
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Traditional shadow puppet craftsmanship is a marvel of composite art. Artisans in Huaxian County, Shaanxi, still insist on using specially treated cowhide called "square hide," processed through seven steps: soaking, scraping, stretching, drying, carving, dyeing, and assembling. The "pushing leather while moving the blade" technique requires the carver to hold the knife steady with the right hand while pushing the leather with the left to create curved patterns—a single exquisite puppet may require over three thousand precise cuts. The Tangshan style's distinctive "penetrating nose bridge" design enhances facial recognition in silhouette, while Chaozhou puppets' "gold lacquer and multicolor" technique creates translucent, stained-glass-like effects under light. These techniques, refined through generations, transform each puppet into tangible painting art.<br />
In performance, a complete shadow play demands perfect coordination among five roles. The lead singer masters "nine vocal styles and eighteen melodies," switching between male, female, painted-face, and clown roles with raw vocal dexterity. The puppeteer manipulates three bamboo rods to execute complex movements like "hair tossing" or "horse riding." The drummer creates atmosphere with "court drum rolls" and "galloping horse beats," while the lighting technician follows the principle of "light following shadow." In Huayin, Shaanxi, elderly artists can still perform the "water sleeves" technique in "Borrowing Water"—making puppet sleeves ripple like flowing waves through rapid rod vibrations.<br />
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Yet this ancient art now faces unprecedented challenges. In Shaanxi, surviving troupes have dwindled from over a hundred in the 1950s to fewer than ten, with performers capable of staging the complete "Journey to the West" averaging over seventy years old. Commercialization breeds concerning trends—some tourist sites compress 90-minute classics into 15-minute "light shows," replacing traditional vocals with electronic music. More critically, the disconnect between modern education and traditional apprenticeship systems threatens the sustainable passing of skills that once required "three years of learning and ten years of mastery."<br />
Hope emerges through innovative successors. Post-90s inheritor Wang Xi merges puppetry with holography in "Classic of Mountains and Seas" digital artworks. Peking University's Digital Lab has preserved 2,000+ rare puppet templates using 4K scanning. Suzhou Museum's "Light and Shadow Lab" lets visitors experience puppet-making through AR technology. These experiments prove that dialogue between tradition and technology can spark extraordinary cultural creativity.<br />
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When we gaze upon these thousand-year-old dancing silhouettes, we see not merely entertainment but the Chinese poetic understanding of light and shadow. From Lady Li's sorrowful legend to UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage certification, shadow puppetry carries not just technical inheritance but a unique Eastern aesthetic language. Preserving this legacy requires not museum-style conservation but creative transformation, allowing ancient light to continue illuminating modern minds.<br />
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==Terms and Expressions==<br />
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Shadow puppetry - 皮影戏<br />
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"Pushing leather while moving the blade" technique - "推皮走刀"技法<br />
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Square hide - 方子皮（特制牛皮）<br />
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"Nine vocal styles and eighteen melodies" - "九腔十八调"<br />
<br />
Painted-face roles - 净角（京剧花脸角色）<br />
<br />
"Water sleeves" technique - "水袖"技法<br />
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"Court drum rolls" and "galloping horse beats" - "惊堂鼓"与"马蹄点"<br />
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"Light following shadow" principle - "灯随影走"法则<br />
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Intangible Cultural Heritage - 非物质文化遗产<br />
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"Three years of learning and ten years of mastery" - "三年学艺，十年出师"<br />
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Holography digital artworks - 全息投影数字艺术作品<br />
<br />
"Penetrating nose bridge" design - "通天鼻"造型<br />
<br />
"Gold lacquer and multicolor" technique - "金漆五彩"技法<br />
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==Questions==<br />
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1.To which dynasty can the history of shadow puppetry be traced back? Which historical figure is associated with its origin legend?<br />
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2.How exactly is the "pushing leather while moving the blade" technique performed in traditional puppet making? Why is this technique so important?<br />
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3.What five roles are required for a complete shadow play performance? What are their main responsibilities?<br />
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4.What exactly does the "water sleeves" technique refer to, which elderly artists in Huayin, Shaanxi can still perform?<br />
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5.What are the main challenges facing contemporary shadow puppetry? How has commercialization affected this art form?<br />
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6.How are younger generations innovating to preserve shadow puppetry? Please provide examples.<br />
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7.Why is shadow puppetry said to represent not just entertainment but also the Chinese poetic understanding of light and shadow?<br />
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8.What is the significance of UNESCO's inclusion of shadow puppetry in the Intangible Cultural Heritage list?<br />
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==Answers==<br />
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1.The history of Chinese shadow puppetry can be traced back to the Western Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 9 CE).<br />
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2.The "pushing leather while moving the blade" (推皮走刀) technique is a defining feature of traditional Chinese shadow puppet carving. Artisans hold the knife stationary while rotating the leather beneath it, enabling precise, fluid cuts for intricate designs like flowing drapery or floral patterns. This method ensures smoother curves than conventional carving while maintaining efficiency. <br />
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3.A traditional shadow play requires five key roles working together: puppeteers who animate the figures, singers who perform the vocals, musicians providing instrumental accompaniment, narrators delivering dialogues, and backstage assistants handling props and transitions - together creating the magic of this ancient art form.<br />
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4.The "water sleeves" (水袖) technique in Shaanxi's Huayin shadow puppetry refers to a highly specialized manipulation skill where performers use subtle wrist movements to create flowing, liquid-like motions of a puppet's long silk sleeves. <br />
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5.Contemporary shadow puppetry faces significant challenges in maintaining its cultural relevance and artistic integrity. <br />
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6.Younger generations are breathing new life into shadow puppetry through creative adaptations and technological integration. Many are combining traditional techniques with modern storytelling, creating contemporary narratives that resonate with younger audiences while maintaining classical aesthetics. <br />
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7.Shadow puppetry embodies Chinese philosophical aesthetics through its poetic play of light and shadow. The art transforms solid puppets into fleeting silhouettes, visually expressing the Taoist yin-yang balance between material and spiritual realms. This dynamic interaction mirrors traditional Chinese arts' emphasis on suggestion over literal representation, making each performance a meditation on the beauty of transience and the artistic power of absence.<br />
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8.UNESCO's recognition of Chinese shadow puppetry as Intangible Cultural Heritage safeguards this 2,000-year-old art by boosting preservation funding and global visibility. It validates the craft as both cultural treasure and living tradition, inspiring innovative adaptations while protecting traditional techniques. The designation highlights puppetry's unique blend of storytelling, craftsmanship and philosophical depth - particularly its poetic interplay of light and shadow that embodies Chinese aesthetic principles. This global status helps bridge generations and cultures, ensuring the art form's continuity in the modern world.<br />
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==References==<br />
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1. UNESCO. (2011). Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage.<br />
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2.Wei, L. (2018). Chinese Shadow Play: History and Art. Beijing: Culture and Art Publishing House.<br />
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3.Johnson, M. (2020). "Goethe's Chinese Shadows" in Theater Journal, 72(3), 45-62.<br />
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4.National Intangible Cultural Heritage Database. (2022). Shadow Puppetry Technical Standards.<br />
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5.Zhang, Y. (2021). Digital Preservation of Folk Arts. Shanghai: Fudan University Press.<br />
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==AI Statement==</div>Fu Sihuihttps://bou.de/u/index.php?title=User:Fu_Sihui&diff=170142User:Fu Sihui2025-07-03T16:12:20Z<p>Fu Sihui: /* 答案 */</p>
<hr />
<div>=中国皮影戏：光影千年的文化瑰宝=<br />
<br />
符思慧 202470081653<br />
<br />
在中国古老的艺术长河中，皮影戏如同一颗璀璨的明珠，以其独特的光影魅力穿越千年时光。这种将民间工艺、戏曲表演和音乐融为一体的艺术形式，不仅是农耕文明的活态记忆，更是世界戏剧史上独一无二的文化现象。当灯光穿透薄如蝉翼的皮质人偶，在白色幕布上投射出灵动影像的那一刻，一个充满东方智慧的美学世界便徐徐展开。<br />
<br />
皮影戏的起源可追溯至两千多年前的汉代。司马迁在《史记》中记载的那个凄美传说——汉武帝因思念早逝的李夫人，命方士"设帐张灯"再现佳人倩影，被认为是皮影艺术最早的雏形。唐代寺院中的"俗讲僧"开始用纸人配图说佛经故事，宋代《东京梦华录》详细记载了汴京瓦舍里"弄影戏"的盛况。明清时期，皮影戏随着商路传播至波斯、土耳其乃至欧洲，德国文豪歌德曾在1781年专门举办中国皮影演出会，这束来自东方的艺术之光，成为最早影响西方的中国戏剧形式。<br />
<br />
传统皮影的制作堪称精妙的综合艺术。陕西华县的老艺人至今坚持用"方子皮"（特制牛皮），经过"泡、刮、绷、晾、刻、染、缀"七道工序。雕刻时"推皮走刀"的绝技要求艺人右手持刀不动，左手推动皮革完成曲线雕刻，一个精美的人偶往往需要雕刻三千多刀。唐山皮影独创的"通天鼻"造型，通过夸张的面部中线增强侧影辨识度；潮州皮影的"金漆五彩"技法，使颜料在灯光下呈现琉璃般的通透效果。这些历经数十代艺人淬炼的工艺智慧，使每个皮影人物都成为可触摸的绘画艺术。<br />
<br />
表演艺术方面，一台完整的皮影戏需要"五人忙"的默契配合。前声（主唱）要掌握"九腔十八调"，能用真嗓瞬间切换生旦净丑；签手（操纵者）通过三根竹签让影人完成"甩发""骑马"等高难动作；坐槽（司鼓）用"惊堂鼓""马蹄点"营造戏剧氛围；灯光师要掌握"灯随影走"的布光法则。在陕西华阴，老艺人仍能表演《借水》中"桃小春"的"水袖"绝技——通过快速抖动签子，使皮影的衣袖产生波浪般的流动感。<br />
<br />
然而，这门古老艺术正面临前所未有的生存危机。陕西仅存的皮影戏班从1950年代的百余个锐减至不足十个，能完整表演《西游记》全本的老艺人平均年龄超过70岁。商业化表演中的"快餐化"倾向令人忧心——某旅游景区将90分钟的经典剧目压缩为15分钟的"光影秀"，传统唱腔被电子音乐取代。更严峻的是，现代教育体系与传统师徒传承的断裂，使得"三年学艺，十年出师"的培养模式难以为继。<br />
<br />
值得欣慰的是，创新的火种正在新生代中传递。90后非遗传承人王熙将皮影与全息投影结合，创作出《山海经》系列新媒体作品；北京大学数字实验室用4K技术扫描保存了2000余件珍贵皮影模板；苏州博物馆推出的"光影实验室"让观众通过AR技术体验皮影制作。这些尝试证明，传统艺术与现代科技的对话，能够激发出令人惊叹的文化创造力。<br />
<br />
当我们凝视那些在幕布上翩跹千年的剪影，看到的不仅是娱乐形式，更是中国人对光影的诗意理解。从李夫人的哀婉传说，到今日联合国教科文组织的非遗证书，皮影戏承载的不仅是技艺传承，更是一种独特的东方美学语言。保护这份遗产，不仅需要博物馆式的珍藏，更需要创造性的转化，让古老的光影继续照亮现代人的精神世界。<br />
<br />
==术语和表达==<br />
<br />
Shadow puppetry - 皮影戏<br />
<br />
"Pushing leather while moving the blade" technique - "推皮走刀"技法<br />
<br />
Square hide - 方子皮（特制牛皮）<br />
<br />
"Nine vocal styles and eighteen melodies" - "九腔十八调"<br />
<br />
Painted-face roles - 净角（京剧花脸角色）<br />
<br />
"Water sleeves" technique - "水袖"技法<br />
<br />
"Court drum rolls" and "galloping horse beats" - "惊堂鼓"与"马蹄点"<br />
<br />
"Light following shadow" principle - "灯随影走"法则<br />
<br />
Intangible Cultural Heritage - 非物质文化遗产<br />
<br />
"Three years of learning and ten years of mastery" - "三年学艺，十年出师"<br />
<br />
Holography digital artworks - 全息投影数字艺术作品<br />
<br />
"Penetrating nose bridge" design - "通天鼻"造型<br />
<br />
"Gold lacquer and multicolor" technique - "金漆五彩"技法<br />
<br />
==问题==<br />
<br />
1.皮影戏的历史可以追溯到哪个朝代？其起源传说与哪位历史人物有关？<br />
<br />
2.传统皮影制作中的"推皮走刀"技法具体如何操作？为什么这项技术如此重要？<br />
<br />
3.皮影戏表演需要哪五种角色的配合？各自的主要职责是什么？<br />
<br />
4.陕西华阴地区的老艺人仍能表演的"水袖"技法具体指什么？<br />
<br />
5.当代皮影戏面临哪些主要挑战？商业化对这门艺术产生了什么影响？<br />
<br />
6.年轻一代如何通过创新方式传承皮影艺术？请举例说明。<br />
<br />
7.为什么说皮影戏不仅是一种娱乐形式，更体现了中国人对光影的诗意理解？<br />
<br />
8.联合国教科文组织将皮影戏列入非物质文化遗产名录的意义是什么？<br />
<br />
==答案==<br />
<br />
1.中国皮影戏的历史可追溯至西汉时期（公元前206年—公元9年）。<br />
<br />
2.传统皮影雕刻中的"推皮走刀"技法是这项非遗技艺的核心工艺。雕刻时艺人需固定刀具，通过另一只手推动皮革（多为处理过的驴皮或牛皮）进行旋转雕刻，而非移动刀锋。这种独特工艺能雕刻出服饰纹样、花卉藤蔓等需要连绵线条的复杂图案，刀刃过处如行云流水，较之普通雕刻法更能体现传统皮影流畅婉转的韵味。<br />
<br />
3.一场完整的传统皮影戏演出需要五类艺术家的默契配合：操纵影人灵活动作的签手，演绎婉转唱腔的歌手，弹奏传统乐器的乐师，负责道白叙事的说书人，以及调度道具场务的后台师傅——他们共同铸就了这门千年光影艺术的灵魂。<br />
<br />
4.陕西华阴老艺人掌握的"水袖"技法，是通过对手腕的精细操控，使皮影的丝绸长袖产生行云流水般动态的高超表演技艺。<br />
<br />
5.当代皮影戏正面临着传承与发展的多重挑战。这一古老艺术形式最突出的困境在于观众群体的断层——年轻一代更青睐数字娱乐产品，导致传统演出市场持续萎缩。更令人忧心的是，掌握雕刻、操影等核心技艺的老艺人日益减少，许多精妙技法面临失传风险。多数皮影戏团长期处于资金匮乏状态，既难开展系统性的传承教学，也无力进行艺术创新。<br />
<br />
6.年轻一代正通过跨界融合与科技赋能重塑皮影戏的当代生命力。他们在保留传统雕镂工艺基础上，开发都市题材新剧本，并运用LED光效与全息投影增强舞台表现力。<br />
<br />
7.皮影戏通过光影的诗意交织，体现了中国哲学的美学境界。这项艺术将实体皮影转化为流动的剪影，生动演绎了道家"虚实相生"的阴阳哲思——实体的皮影（物质）与虚幻的投影（精神）构成和谐对话。这种动态转化承袭了中国传统艺术"以少胜多"的美学追求，使每场演出都成为对转瞬之美与留白意境的深刻诠释。<br />
<br />
8.联合国教科文组织将中国皮影戏列入非遗名录，为这项千年技艺提供了重要保障。这一认证既是对皮影戏艺术价值的肯定——其独特的光影美学承载着中国"虚实相生"的哲学智慧，也为传统技艺的现代表达注入了新活力。通过提升国际能见度和吸引保护资金，这项认证正在帮助皮影戏跨越时代与地域，在当代社会延续其艺术生命。<br />
<br />
==参考文献==<br />
<br />
1. 联合国教科文组织（2011年）．《保护非物质文化遗产公约》．<br />
<br />
2. 魏力群（2018年）．《中国皮影艺术史》．北京：文化艺术出版社．<br />
<br />
3. 约翰逊，M．（2020年）．《歌德的中国皮影戏》，载于《戏剧学刊》第72卷（第3期），第45-62页．<br />
<br />
4. 国家非物质文化遗产数据库（2022年）．《皮影戏技术标准》．<br />
<br />
5. 张毅（2021年）．《民间艺术的数字化保护》．上海：复旦大学出版社．<br />
<br />
=Chinese Shadow Puppetry: A Millennium-Old Cultural Treasure=<br />
<br />
Fu Sihui 202470081653<br />
<br />
In the long river of Chinese traditional arts, shadow puppetry shines like a luminous pearl, its unique play of light and shadow traversing millennia. This art form that integrates folk craftsmanship, opera performance, and music is not only a living memory of agricultural civilization but also a unique cultural phenomenon in the history of world theater. When light penetrates the cicada-wing-thin leather puppets and projects lively images onto the white screen, an aesthetic world brimming with Eastern wisdom gradually unfolds.<br />
<br />
The origins of shadow puppetry can be traced back to the Han Dynasty over two thousand years ago. The poignant legend recorded by Sima Qian in "Records of the Grand Historian"—where Emperor Wu of Han, longing for his deceased concubine Lady Li, ordered sorcerers to recreate her image with lamps and curtains—is considered the earliest prototype of this art. During the Tang Dynasty, Buddhist storytellers in temples began using paper figures to illustrate sutra tales. The Song Dynasty's "Dreams of Splendor of the Eastern Capital" details the popularity of shadow plays in Bianjing's entertainment districts. By the Ming and Qing periods, shadow puppetry spread along trade routes to Persia, Turkey, and even Europe. The German literary giant Goethe hosted a Chinese shadow puppet performance in 1781, making this Eastern art form one of the earliest Chinese theatrical influences on the West.<br />
<br />
Traditional shadow puppet craftsmanship is a marvel of composite art. Artisans in Huaxian County, Shaanxi, still insist on using specially treated cowhide called "square hide," processed through seven steps: soaking, scraping, stretching, drying, carving, dyeing, and assembling. The "pushing leather while moving the blade" technique requires the carver to hold the knife steady with the right hand while pushing the leather with the left to create curved patterns—a single exquisite puppet may require over three thousand precise cuts. The Tangshan style's distinctive "penetrating nose bridge" design enhances facial recognition in silhouette, while Chaozhou puppets' "gold lacquer and multicolor" technique creates translucent, stained-glass-like effects under light. These techniques, refined through generations, transform each puppet into tangible painting art.<br />
In performance, a complete shadow play demands perfect coordination among five roles. The lead singer masters "nine vocal styles and eighteen melodies," switching between male, female, painted-face, and clown roles with raw vocal dexterity. The puppeteer manipulates three bamboo rods to execute complex movements like "hair tossing" or "horse riding." The drummer creates atmosphere with "court drum rolls" and "galloping horse beats," while the lighting technician follows the principle of "light following shadow." In Huayin, Shaanxi, elderly artists can still perform the "water sleeves" technique in "Borrowing Water"—making puppet sleeves ripple like flowing waves through rapid rod vibrations.<br />
<br />
Yet this ancient art now faces unprecedented challenges. In Shaanxi, surviving troupes have dwindled from over a hundred in the 1950s to fewer than ten, with performers capable of staging the complete "Journey to the West" averaging over seventy years old. Commercialization breeds concerning trends—some tourist sites compress 90-minute classics into 15-minute "light shows," replacing traditional vocals with electronic music. More critically, the disconnect between modern education and traditional apprenticeship systems threatens the sustainable passing of skills that once required "three years of learning and ten years of mastery."<br />
Hope emerges through innovative successors. Post-90s inheritor Wang Xi merges puppetry with holography in "Classic of Mountains and Seas" digital artworks. Peking University's Digital Lab has preserved 2,000+ rare puppet templates using 4K scanning. Suzhou Museum's "Light and Shadow Lab" lets visitors experience puppet-making through AR technology. These experiments prove that dialogue between tradition and technology can spark extraordinary cultural creativity.<br />
<br />
When we gaze upon these thousand-year-old dancing silhouettes, we see not merely entertainment but the Chinese poetic understanding of light and shadow. From Lady Li's sorrowful legend to UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage certification, shadow puppetry carries not just technical inheritance but a unique Eastern aesthetic language. Preserving this legacy requires not museum-style conservation but creative transformation, allowing ancient light to continue illuminating modern minds.<br />
<br />
==Terms and Expressions==<br />
<br />
Shadow puppetry - 皮影戏<br />
<br />
"Pushing leather while moving the blade" technique - "推皮走刀"技法<br />
<br />
Square hide - 方子皮（特制牛皮）<br />
<br />
"Nine vocal styles and eighteen melodies" - "九腔十八调"<br />
<br />
Painted-face roles - 净角（京剧花脸角色）<br />
<br />
"Water sleeves" technique - "水袖"技法<br />
<br />
"Court drum rolls" and "galloping horse beats" - "惊堂鼓"与"马蹄点"<br />
<br />
"Light following shadow" principle - "灯随影走"法则<br />
<br />
Intangible Cultural Heritage - 非物质文化遗产<br />
<br />
"Three years of learning and ten years of mastery" - "三年学艺，十年出师"<br />
<br />
Holography digital artworks - 全息投影数字艺术作品<br />
<br />
"Penetrating nose bridge" design - "通天鼻"造型<br />
<br />
"Gold lacquer and multicolor" technique - "金漆五彩"技法<br />
<br />
==Questions==<br />
<br />
1.To which dynasty can the history of shadow puppetry be traced back? Which historical figure is associated with its origin legend?<br />
<br />
2.How exactly is the "pushing leather while moving the blade" technique performed in traditional puppet making? Why is this technique so important?<br />
<br />
3.What five roles are required for a complete shadow play performance? What are their main responsibilities?<br />
<br />
4.What exactly does the "water sleeves" technique refer to, which elderly artists in Huayin, Shaanxi can still perform?<br />
<br />
5.What are the main challenges facing contemporary shadow puppetry? How has commercialization affected this art form?<br />
<br />
6.How are younger generations innovating to preserve shadow puppetry? Please provide examples.<br />
<br />
7.Why is shadow puppetry said to represent not just entertainment but also the Chinese poetic understanding of light and shadow?<br />
<br />
8.What is the significance of UNESCO's inclusion of shadow puppetry in the Intangible Cultural Heritage list?<br />
<br />
==Answers==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
1. UNESCO. (2011). Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage.<br />
<br />
2.Wei, L. (2018). Chinese Shadow Play: History and Art. Beijing: Culture and Art Publishing House.<br />
<br />
3.Johnson, M. (2020). "Goethe's Chinese Shadows" in Theater Journal, 72(3), 45-62.<br />
<br />
4.National Intangible Cultural Heritage Database. (2022). Shadow Puppetry Technical Standards.<br />
<br />
5.Zhang, Y. (2021). Digital Preservation of Folk Arts. Shanghai: Fudan University Press.<br />
<br />
==AI Statement==</div>Fu Sihuihttps://bou.de/u/index.php?title=User:Fu_Sihui&diff=170141User:Fu Sihui2025-07-03T16:11:48Z<p>Fu Sihui: /* 答案 */</p>
<hr />
<div>=中国皮影戏：光影千年的文化瑰宝=<br />
<br />
符思慧 202470081653<br />
<br />
在中国古老的艺术长河中，皮影戏如同一颗璀璨的明珠，以其独特的光影魅力穿越千年时光。这种将民间工艺、戏曲表演和音乐融为一体的艺术形式，不仅是农耕文明的活态记忆，更是世界戏剧史上独一无二的文化现象。当灯光穿透薄如蝉翼的皮质人偶，在白色幕布上投射出灵动影像的那一刻，一个充满东方智慧的美学世界便徐徐展开。<br />
<br />
皮影戏的起源可追溯至两千多年前的汉代。司马迁在《史记》中记载的那个凄美传说——汉武帝因思念早逝的李夫人，命方士"设帐张灯"再现佳人倩影，被认为是皮影艺术最早的雏形。唐代寺院中的"俗讲僧"开始用纸人配图说佛经故事，宋代《东京梦华录》详细记载了汴京瓦舍里"弄影戏"的盛况。明清时期，皮影戏随着商路传播至波斯、土耳其乃至欧洲，德国文豪歌德曾在1781年专门举办中国皮影演出会，这束来自东方的艺术之光，成为最早影响西方的中国戏剧形式。<br />
<br />
传统皮影的制作堪称精妙的综合艺术。陕西华县的老艺人至今坚持用"方子皮"（特制牛皮），经过"泡、刮、绷、晾、刻、染、缀"七道工序。雕刻时"推皮走刀"的绝技要求艺人右手持刀不动，左手推动皮革完成曲线雕刻，一个精美的人偶往往需要雕刻三千多刀。唐山皮影独创的"通天鼻"造型，通过夸张的面部中线增强侧影辨识度；潮州皮影的"金漆五彩"技法，使颜料在灯光下呈现琉璃般的通透效果。这些历经数十代艺人淬炼的工艺智慧，使每个皮影人物都成为可触摸的绘画艺术。<br />
<br />
表演艺术方面，一台完整的皮影戏需要"五人忙"的默契配合。前声（主唱）要掌握"九腔十八调"，能用真嗓瞬间切换生旦净丑；签手（操纵者）通过三根竹签让影人完成"甩发""骑马"等高难动作；坐槽（司鼓）用"惊堂鼓""马蹄点"营造戏剧氛围；灯光师要掌握"灯随影走"的布光法则。在陕西华阴，老艺人仍能表演《借水》中"桃小春"的"水袖"绝技——通过快速抖动签子，使皮影的衣袖产生波浪般的流动感。<br />
<br />
然而，这门古老艺术正面临前所未有的生存危机。陕西仅存的皮影戏班从1950年代的百余个锐减至不足十个，能完整表演《西游记》全本的老艺人平均年龄超过70岁。商业化表演中的"快餐化"倾向令人忧心——某旅游景区将90分钟的经典剧目压缩为15分钟的"光影秀"，传统唱腔被电子音乐取代。更严峻的是，现代教育体系与传统师徒传承的断裂，使得"三年学艺，十年出师"的培养模式难以为继。<br />
<br />
值得欣慰的是，创新的火种正在新生代中传递。90后非遗传承人王熙将皮影与全息投影结合，创作出《山海经》系列新媒体作品；北京大学数字实验室用4K技术扫描保存了2000余件珍贵皮影模板；苏州博物馆推出的"光影实验室"让观众通过AR技术体验皮影制作。这些尝试证明，传统艺术与现代科技的对话，能够激发出令人惊叹的文化创造力。<br />
<br />
当我们凝视那些在幕布上翩跹千年的剪影，看到的不仅是娱乐形式，更是中国人对光影的诗意理解。从李夫人的哀婉传说，到今日联合国教科文组织的非遗证书，皮影戏承载的不仅是技艺传承，更是一种独特的东方美学语言。保护这份遗产，不仅需要博物馆式的珍藏，更需要创造性的转化，让古老的光影继续照亮现代人的精神世界。<br />
<br />
==术语和表达==<br />
<br />
Shadow puppetry - 皮影戏<br />
<br />
"Pushing leather while moving the blade" technique - "推皮走刀"技法<br />
<br />
Square hide - 方子皮（特制牛皮）<br />
<br />
"Nine vocal styles and eighteen melodies" - "九腔十八调"<br />
<br />
Painted-face roles - 净角（京剧花脸角色）<br />
<br />
"Water sleeves" technique - "水袖"技法<br />
<br />
"Court drum rolls" and "galloping horse beats" - "惊堂鼓"与"马蹄点"<br />
<br />
"Light following shadow" principle - "灯随影走"法则<br />
<br />
Intangible Cultural Heritage - 非物质文化遗产<br />
<br />
"Three years of learning and ten years of mastery" - "三年学艺，十年出师"<br />
<br />
Holography digital artworks - 全息投影数字艺术作品<br />
<br />
"Penetrating nose bridge" design - "通天鼻"造型<br />
<br />
"Gold lacquer and multicolor" technique - "金漆五彩"技法<br />
<br />
==问题==<br />
<br />
1.皮影戏的历史可以追溯到哪个朝代？其起源传说与哪位历史人物有关？<br />
<br />
2.传统皮影制作中的"推皮走刀"技法具体如何操作？为什么这项技术如此重要？<br />
<br />
3.皮影戏表演需要哪五种角色的配合？各自的主要职责是什么？<br />
<br />
4.陕西华阴地区的老艺人仍能表演的"水袖"技法具体指什么？<br />
<br />
5.当代皮影戏面临哪些主要挑战？商业化对这门艺术产生了什么影响？<br />
<br />
6.年轻一代如何通过创新方式传承皮影艺术？请举例说明。<br />
<br />
7.为什么说皮影戏不仅是一种娱乐形式，更体现了中国人对光影的诗意理解？<br />
<br />
8.联合国教科文组织将皮影戏列入非物质文化遗产名录的意义是什么？<br />
<br />
==答案==<br />
<br />
1.中国皮影戏的历史可追溯至西汉时期（公元前206年—公元9年）。<br />
<br />
2.传统皮影雕刻中的"推皮走刀"技法是这项非遗技艺的核心工艺。雕刻时艺人需固定刀具，通过另一只手推动皮革（多为处理过的驴皮或牛皮）进行旋转雕刻，而非移动刀锋。这种独特工艺能雕刻出服饰纹样、花卉藤蔓等需要连绵线条的复杂图案，刀刃过处如行云流水，较之普通雕刻法更能体现传统皮影流畅婉转的韵味。<br />
<br />
3。一场完整的传统皮影戏演出需要五类艺术家的默契配合：操纵影人灵活动作的签手，演绎婉转唱腔的歌手，弹奏传统乐器的乐师，负责道白叙事的说书人，以及调度道具场务的后台师傅——他们共同铸就了这门千年光影艺术的灵魂。<br />
<br />
4.陕西华阴老艺人掌握的"水袖"技法，是通过对手腕的精细操控，使皮影的丝绸长袖产生行云流水般动态的高超表演技艺。<br />
<br />
5.当代皮影戏正面临着传承与发展的多重挑战。这一古老艺术形式最突出的困境在于观众群体的断层——年轻一代更青睐数字娱乐产品，导致传统演出市场持续萎缩。更令人忧心的是，掌握雕刻、操影等核心技艺的老艺人日益减少，许多精妙技法面临失传风险。多数皮影戏团长期处于资金匮乏状态，既难开展系统性的传承教学，也无力进行艺术创新。<br />
<br />
6.年轻一代正通过跨界融合与科技赋能重塑皮影戏的当代生命力。他们在保留传统雕镂工艺基础上，开发都市题材新剧本，并运用LED光效与全息投影增强舞台表现力。<br />
<br />
7.皮影戏通过光影的诗意交织，体现了中国哲学的美学境界。这项艺术将实体皮影转化为流动的剪影，生动演绎了道家"虚实相生"的阴阳哲思——实体的皮影（物质）与虚幻的投影（精神）构成和谐对话。这种动态转化承袭了中国传统艺术"以少胜多"的美学追求，使每场演出都成为对转瞬之美与留白意境的深刻诠释。<br />
<br />
8.联合国教科文组织将中国皮影戏列入非遗名录，为这项千年技艺提供了重要保障。这一认证既是对皮影戏艺术价值的肯定——其独特的光影美学承载着中国"虚实相生"的哲学智慧，也为传统技艺的现代表达注入了新活力。通过提升国际能见度和吸引保护资金，这项认证正在帮助皮影戏跨越时代与地域，在当代社会延续其艺术生命。<br />
<br />
==参考文献==<br />
<br />
1. 联合国教科文组织（2011年）．《保护非物质文化遗产公约》．<br />
<br />
2. 魏力群（2018年）．《中国皮影艺术史》．北京：文化艺术出版社．<br />
<br />
3. 约翰逊，M．（2020年）．《歌德的中国皮影戏》，载于《戏剧学刊》第72卷（第3期），第45-62页．<br />
<br />
4. 国家非物质文化遗产数据库（2022年）．《皮影戏技术标准》．<br />
<br />
5. 张毅（2021年）．《民间艺术的数字化保护》．上海：复旦大学出版社．<br />
<br />
=Chinese Shadow Puppetry: A Millennium-Old Cultural Treasure=<br />
<br />
Fu Sihui 202470081653<br />
<br />
In the long river of Chinese traditional arts, shadow puppetry shines like a luminous pearl, its unique play of light and shadow traversing millennia. This art form that integrates folk craftsmanship, opera performance, and music is not only a living memory of agricultural civilization but also a unique cultural phenomenon in the history of world theater. When light penetrates the cicada-wing-thin leather puppets and projects lively images onto the white screen, an aesthetic world brimming with Eastern wisdom gradually unfolds.<br />
<br />
The origins of shadow puppetry can be traced back to the Han Dynasty over two thousand years ago. The poignant legend recorded by Sima Qian in "Records of the Grand Historian"—where Emperor Wu of Han, longing for his deceased concubine Lady Li, ordered sorcerers to recreate her image with lamps and curtains—is considered the earliest prototype of this art. During the Tang Dynasty, Buddhist storytellers in temples began using paper figures to illustrate sutra tales. The Song Dynasty's "Dreams of Splendor of the Eastern Capital" details the popularity of shadow plays in Bianjing's entertainment districts. By the Ming and Qing periods, shadow puppetry spread along trade routes to Persia, Turkey, and even Europe. The German literary giant Goethe hosted a Chinese shadow puppet performance in 1781, making this Eastern art form one of the earliest Chinese theatrical influences on the West.<br />
<br />
Traditional shadow puppet craftsmanship is a marvel of composite art. Artisans in Huaxian County, Shaanxi, still insist on using specially treated cowhide called "square hide," processed through seven steps: soaking, scraping, stretching, drying, carving, dyeing, and assembling. The "pushing leather while moving the blade" technique requires the carver to hold the knife steady with the right hand while pushing the leather with the left to create curved patterns—a single exquisite puppet may require over three thousand precise cuts. The Tangshan style's distinctive "penetrating nose bridge" design enhances facial recognition in silhouette, while Chaozhou puppets' "gold lacquer and multicolor" technique creates translucent, stained-glass-like effects under light. These techniques, refined through generations, transform each puppet into tangible painting art.<br />
In performance, a complete shadow play demands perfect coordination among five roles. The lead singer masters "nine vocal styles and eighteen melodies," switching between male, female, painted-face, and clown roles with raw vocal dexterity. The puppeteer manipulates three bamboo rods to execute complex movements like "hair tossing" or "horse riding." The drummer creates atmosphere with "court drum rolls" and "galloping horse beats," while the lighting technician follows the principle of "light following shadow." In Huayin, Shaanxi, elderly artists can still perform the "water sleeves" technique in "Borrowing Water"—making puppet sleeves ripple like flowing waves through rapid rod vibrations.<br />
<br />
Yet this ancient art now faces unprecedented challenges. In Shaanxi, surviving troupes have dwindled from over a hundred in the 1950s to fewer than ten, with performers capable of staging the complete "Journey to the West" averaging over seventy years old. Commercialization breeds concerning trends—some tourist sites compress 90-minute classics into 15-minute "light shows," replacing traditional vocals with electronic music. More critically, the disconnect between modern education and traditional apprenticeship systems threatens the sustainable passing of skills that once required "three years of learning and ten years of mastery."<br />
Hope emerges through innovative successors. Post-90s inheritor Wang Xi merges puppetry with holography in "Classic of Mountains and Seas" digital artworks. Peking University's Digital Lab has preserved 2,000+ rare puppet templates using 4K scanning. Suzhou Museum's "Light and Shadow Lab" lets visitors experience puppet-making through AR technology. These experiments prove that dialogue between tradition and technology can spark extraordinary cultural creativity.<br />
<br />
When we gaze upon these thousand-year-old dancing silhouettes, we see not merely entertainment but the Chinese poetic understanding of light and shadow. From Lady Li's sorrowful legend to UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage certification, shadow puppetry carries not just technical inheritance but a unique Eastern aesthetic language. Preserving this legacy requires not museum-style conservation but creative transformation, allowing ancient light to continue illuminating modern minds.<br />
<br />
==Terms and Expressions==<br />
<br />
Shadow puppetry - 皮影戏<br />
<br />
"Pushing leather while moving the blade" technique - "推皮走刀"技法<br />
<br />
Square hide - 方子皮（特制牛皮）<br />
<br />
"Nine vocal styles and eighteen melodies" - "九腔十八调"<br />
<br />
Painted-face roles - 净角（京剧花脸角色）<br />
<br />
"Water sleeves" technique - "水袖"技法<br />
<br />
"Court drum rolls" and "galloping horse beats" - "惊堂鼓"与"马蹄点"<br />
<br />
"Light following shadow" principle - "灯随影走"法则<br />
<br />
Intangible Cultural Heritage - 非物质文化遗产<br />
<br />
"Three years of learning and ten years of mastery" - "三年学艺，十年出师"<br />
<br />
Holography digital artworks - 全息投影数字艺术作品<br />
<br />
"Penetrating nose bridge" design - "通天鼻"造型<br />
<br />
"Gold lacquer and multicolor" technique - "金漆五彩"技法<br />
<br />
==Questions==<br />
<br />
1.To which dynasty can the history of shadow puppetry be traced back? Which historical figure is associated with its origin legend?<br />
<br />
2.How exactly is the "pushing leather while moving the blade" technique performed in traditional puppet making? Why is this technique so important?<br />
<br />
3.What five roles are required for a complete shadow play performance? What are their main responsibilities?<br />
<br />
4.What exactly does the "water sleeves" technique refer to, which elderly artists in Huayin, Shaanxi can still perform?<br />
<br />
5.What are the main challenges facing contemporary shadow puppetry? How has commercialization affected this art form?<br />
<br />
6.How are younger generations innovating to preserve shadow puppetry? Please provide examples.<br />
<br />
7.Why is shadow puppetry said to represent not just entertainment but also the Chinese poetic understanding of light and shadow?<br />
<br />
8.What is the significance of UNESCO's inclusion of shadow puppetry in the Intangible Cultural Heritage list?<br />
<br />
==Answers==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
1. UNESCO. (2011). Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage.<br />
<br />
2.Wei, L. (2018). Chinese Shadow Play: History and Art. Beijing: Culture and Art Publishing House.<br />
<br />
3.Johnson, M. (2020). "Goethe's Chinese Shadows" in Theater Journal, 72(3), 45-62.<br />
<br />
4.National Intangible Cultural Heritage Database. (2022). Shadow Puppetry Technical Standards.<br />
<br />
5.Zhang, Y. (2021). Digital Preservation of Folk Arts. Shanghai: Fudan University Press.<br />
<br />
==AI Statement==</div>Fu Sihuihttps://bou.de/u/index.php?title=User:Fu_Sihui&diff=170140User:Fu Sihui2025-07-03T14:37:36Z<p>Fu Sihui: </p>
<hr />
<div>=中国皮影戏：光影千年的文化瑰宝=<br />
<br />
符思慧 202470081653<br />
<br />
在中国古老的艺术长河中，皮影戏如同一颗璀璨的明珠，以其独特的光影魅力穿越千年时光。这种将民间工艺、戏曲表演和音乐融为一体的艺术形式，不仅是农耕文明的活态记忆，更是世界戏剧史上独一无二的文化现象。当灯光穿透薄如蝉翼的皮质人偶，在白色幕布上投射出灵动影像的那一刻，一个充满东方智慧的美学世界便徐徐展开。<br />
<br />
皮影戏的起源可追溯至两千多年前的汉代。司马迁在《史记》中记载的那个凄美传说——汉武帝因思念早逝的李夫人，命方士"设帐张灯"再现佳人倩影，被认为是皮影艺术最早的雏形。唐代寺院中的"俗讲僧"开始用纸人配图说佛经故事，宋代《东京梦华录》详细记载了汴京瓦舍里"弄影戏"的盛况。明清时期，皮影戏随着商路传播至波斯、土耳其乃至欧洲，德国文豪歌德曾在1781年专门举办中国皮影演出会，这束来自东方的艺术之光，成为最早影响西方的中国戏剧形式。<br />
<br />
传统皮影的制作堪称精妙的综合艺术。陕西华县的老艺人至今坚持用"方子皮"（特制牛皮），经过"泡、刮、绷、晾、刻、染、缀"七道工序。雕刻时"推皮走刀"的绝技要求艺人右手持刀不动，左手推动皮革完成曲线雕刻，一个精美的人偶往往需要雕刻三千多刀。唐山皮影独创的"通天鼻"造型，通过夸张的面部中线增强侧影辨识度；潮州皮影的"金漆五彩"技法，使颜料在灯光下呈现琉璃般的通透效果。这些历经数十代艺人淬炼的工艺智慧，使每个皮影人物都成为可触摸的绘画艺术。<br />
<br />
表演艺术方面，一台完整的皮影戏需要"五人忙"的默契配合。前声（主唱）要掌握"九腔十八调"，能用真嗓瞬间切换生旦净丑；签手（操纵者）通过三根竹签让影人完成"甩发""骑马"等高难动作；坐槽（司鼓）用"惊堂鼓""马蹄点"营造戏剧氛围；灯光师要掌握"灯随影走"的布光法则。在陕西华阴，老艺人仍能表演《借水》中"桃小春"的"水袖"绝技——通过快速抖动签子，使皮影的衣袖产生波浪般的流动感。<br />
<br />
然而，这门古老艺术正面临前所未有的生存危机。陕西仅存的皮影戏班从1950年代的百余个锐减至不足十个，能完整表演《西游记》全本的老艺人平均年龄超过70岁。商业化表演中的"快餐化"倾向令人忧心——某旅游景区将90分钟的经典剧目压缩为15分钟的"光影秀"，传统唱腔被电子音乐取代。更严峻的是，现代教育体系与传统师徒传承的断裂，使得"三年学艺，十年出师"的培养模式难以为继。<br />
<br />
值得欣慰的是，创新的火种正在新生代中传递。90后非遗传承人王熙将皮影与全息投影结合，创作出《山海经》系列新媒体作品；北京大学数字实验室用4K技术扫描保存了2000余件珍贵皮影模板；苏州博物馆推出的"光影实验室"让观众通过AR技术体验皮影制作。这些尝试证明，传统艺术与现代科技的对话，能够激发出令人惊叹的文化创造力。<br />
<br />
当我们凝视那些在幕布上翩跹千年的剪影，看到的不仅是娱乐形式，更是中国人对光影的诗意理解。从李夫人的哀婉传说，到今日联合国教科文组织的非遗证书，皮影戏承载的不仅是技艺传承，更是一种独特的东方美学语言。保护这份遗产，不仅需要博物馆式的珍藏，更需要创造性的转化，让古老的光影继续照亮现代人的精神世界。<br />
<br />
==术语和表达==<br />
<br />
Shadow puppetry - 皮影戏<br />
<br />
"Pushing leather while moving the blade" technique - "推皮走刀"技法<br />
<br />
Square hide - 方子皮（特制牛皮）<br />
<br />
"Nine vocal styles and eighteen melodies" - "九腔十八调"<br />
<br />
Painted-face roles - 净角（京剧花脸角色）<br />
<br />
"Water sleeves" technique - "水袖"技法<br />
<br />
"Court drum rolls" and "galloping horse beats" - "惊堂鼓"与"马蹄点"<br />
<br />
"Light following shadow" principle - "灯随影走"法则<br />
<br />
Intangible Cultural Heritage - 非物质文化遗产<br />
<br />
"Three years of learning and ten years of mastery" - "三年学艺，十年出师"<br />
<br />
Holography digital artworks - 全息投影数字艺术作品<br />
<br />
"Penetrating nose bridge" design - "通天鼻"造型<br />
<br />
"Gold lacquer and multicolor" technique - "金漆五彩"技法<br />
<br />
==问题==<br />
<br />
1.皮影戏的历史可以追溯到哪个朝代？其起源传说与哪位历史人物有关？<br />
<br />
2.传统皮影制作中的"推皮走刀"技法具体如何操作？为什么这项技术如此重要？<br />
<br />
3.皮影戏表演需要哪五种角色的配合？各自的主要职责是什么？<br />
<br />
4.陕西华阴地区的老艺人仍能表演的"水袖"技法具体指什么？<br />
<br />
5.当代皮影戏面临哪些主要挑战？商业化对这门艺术产生了什么影响？<br />
<br />
6.年轻一代如何通过创新方式传承皮影艺术？请举例说明。<br />
<br />
7.为什么说皮影戏不仅是一种娱乐形式，更体现了中国人对光影的诗意理解？<br />
<br />
8.联合国教科文组织将皮影戏列入非物质文化遗产名录的意义是什么？<br />
<br />
==答案==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==参考文献==<br />
<br />
1. 联合国教科文组织（2011年）．《保护非物质文化遗产公约》．<br />
<br />
2. 魏力群（2018年）．《中国皮影艺术史》．北京：文化艺术出版社．<br />
<br />
3. 约翰逊，M．（2020年）．《歌德的中国皮影戏》，载于《戏剧学刊》第72卷（第3期），第45-62页．<br />
<br />
4. 国家非物质文化遗产数据库（2022年）．《皮影戏技术标准》．<br />
<br />
5. 张毅（2021年）．《民间艺术的数字化保护》．上海：复旦大学出版社．<br />
<br />
=Chinese Shadow Puppetry: A Millennium-Old Cultural Treasure=<br />
<br />
Fu Sihui 202470081653<br />
<br />
In the long river of Chinese traditional arts, shadow puppetry shines like a luminous pearl, its unique play of light and shadow traversing millennia. This art form that integrates folk craftsmanship, opera performance, and music is not only a living memory of agricultural civilization but also a unique cultural phenomenon in the history of world theater. When light penetrates the cicada-wing-thin leather puppets and projects lively images onto the white screen, an aesthetic world brimming with Eastern wisdom gradually unfolds.<br />
<br />
The origins of shadow puppetry can be traced back to the Han Dynasty over two thousand years ago. The poignant legend recorded by Sima Qian in "Records of the Grand Historian"—where Emperor Wu of Han, longing for his deceased concubine Lady Li, ordered sorcerers to recreate her image with lamps and curtains—is considered the earliest prototype of this art. During the Tang Dynasty, Buddhist storytellers in temples began using paper figures to illustrate sutra tales. The Song Dynasty's "Dreams of Splendor of the Eastern Capital" details the popularity of shadow plays in Bianjing's entertainment districts. By the Ming and Qing periods, shadow puppetry spread along trade routes to Persia, Turkey, and even Europe. The German literary giant Goethe hosted a Chinese shadow puppet performance in 1781, making this Eastern art form one of the earliest Chinese theatrical influences on the West.<br />
<br />
Traditional shadow puppet craftsmanship is a marvel of composite art. Artisans in Huaxian County, Shaanxi, still insist on using specially treated cowhide called "square hide," processed through seven steps: soaking, scraping, stretching, drying, carving, dyeing, and assembling. The "pushing leather while moving the blade" technique requires the carver to hold the knife steady with the right hand while pushing the leather with the left to create curved patterns—a single exquisite puppet may require over three thousand precise cuts. The Tangshan style's distinctive "penetrating nose bridge" design enhances facial recognition in silhouette, while Chaozhou puppets' "gold lacquer and multicolor" technique creates translucent, stained-glass-like effects under light. These techniques, refined through generations, transform each puppet into tangible painting art.<br />
In performance, a complete shadow play demands perfect coordination among five roles. The lead singer masters "nine vocal styles and eighteen melodies," switching between male, female, painted-face, and clown roles with raw vocal dexterity. The puppeteer manipulates three bamboo rods to execute complex movements like "hair tossing" or "horse riding." The drummer creates atmosphere with "court drum rolls" and "galloping horse beats," while the lighting technician follows the principle of "light following shadow." In Huayin, Shaanxi, elderly artists can still perform the "water sleeves" technique in "Borrowing Water"—making puppet sleeves ripple like flowing waves through rapid rod vibrations.<br />
<br />
Yet this ancient art now faces unprecedented challenges. In Shaanxi, surviving troupes have dwindled from over a hundred in the 1950s to fewer than ten, with performers capable of staging the complete "Journey to the West" averaging over seventy years old. Commercialization breeds concerning trends—some tourist sites compress 90-minute classics into 15-minute "light shows," replacing traditional vocals with electronic music. More critically, the disconnect between modern education and traditional apprenticeship systems threatens the sustainable passing of skills that once required "three years of learning and ten years of mastery."<br />
Hope emerges through innovative successors. Post-90s inheritor Wang Xi merges puppetry with holography in "Classic of Mountains and Seas" digital artworks. Peking University's Digital Lab has preserved 2,000+ rare puppet templates using 4K scanning. Suzhou Museum's "Light and Shadow Lab" lets visitors experience puppet-making through AR technology. These experiments prove that dialogue between tradition and technology can spark extraordinary cultural creativity.<br />
<br />
When we gaze upon these thousand-year-old dancing silhouettes, we see not merely entertainment but the Chinese poetic understanding of light and shadow. From Lady Li's sorrowful legend to UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage certification, shadow puppetry carries not just technical inheritance but a unique Eastern aesthetic language. Preserving this legacy requires not museum-style conservation but creative transformation, allowing ancient light to continue illuminating modern minds.<br />
<br />
==Terms and Expressions==<br />
<br />
Shadow puppetry - 皮影戏<br />
<br />
"Pushing leather while moving the blade" technique - "推皮走刀"技法<br />
<br />
Square hide - 方子皮（特制牛皮）<br />
<br />
"Nine vocal styles and eighteen melodies" - "九腔十八调"<br />
<br />
Painted-face roles - 净角（京剧花脸角色）<br />
<br />
"Water sleeves" technique - "水袖"技法<br />
<br />
"Court drum rolls" and "galloping horse beats" - "惊堂鼓"与"马蹄点"<br />
<br />
"Light following shadow" principle - "灯随影走"法则<br />
<br />
Intangible Cultural Heritage - 非物质文化遗产<br />
<br />
"Three years of learning and ten years of mastery" - "三年学艺，十年出师"<br />
<br />
Holography digital artworks - 全息投影数字艺术作品<br />
<br />
"Penetrating nose bridge" design - "通天鼻"造型<br />
<br />
"Gold lacquer and multicolor" technique - "金漆五彩"技法<br />
<br />
==Questions==<br />
<br />
1.To which dynasty can the history of shadow puppetry be traced back? Which historical figure is associated with its origin legend?<br />
<br />
2.How exactly is the "pushing leather while moving the blade" technique performed in traditional puppet making? Why is this technique so important?<br />
<br />
3.What five roles are required for a complete shadow play performance? What are their main responsibilities?<br />
<br />
4.What exactly does the "water sleeves" technique refer to, which elderly artists in Huayin, Shaanxi can still perform?<br />
<br />
5.What are the main challenges facing contemporary shadow puppetry? How has commercialization affected this art form?<br />
<br />
6.How are younger generations innovating to preserve shadow puppetry? Please provide examples.<br />
<br />
7.Why is shadow puppetry said to represent not just entertainment but also the Chinese poetic understanding of light and shadow?<br />
<br />
8.What is the significance of UNESCO's inclusion of shadow puppetry in the Intangible Cultural Heritage list?<br />
<br />
==Answers==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
1. UNESCO. (2011). Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage.<br />
<br />
2.Wei, L. (2018). Chinese Shadow Play: History and Art. Beijing: Culture and Art Publishing House.<br />
<br />
3.Johnson, M. (2020). "Goethe's Chinese Shadows" in Theater Journal, 72(3), 45-62.<br />
<br />
4.National Intangible Cultural Heritage Database. (2022). Shadow Puppetry Technical Standards.<br />
<br />
5.Zhang, Y. (2021). Digital Preservation of Folk Arts. Shanghai: Fudan University Press.<br />
<br />
==AI Statement==</div>Fu Sihuihttps://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Chin_Lang_Cult_Fin_Exam_Spring_2025&diff=166807Chin Lang Cult Fin Exam Spring 20252025-05-23T16:10:50Z<p>Fu Sihui: </p>
<hr />
<div>Final Exam Paper Titles<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Chao#Final_Paper 簪花 Zang Flowers ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Tao_Yao 拔罐 Cupping Therapy ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zeng_Zhi 手串文化 Bead Bracelet Culture ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhang_Jiaxin 哪吒 Cultural Implications of Nezha ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Li_Ting2 湘西赶尸 The Corpse of Xiangxi Technique ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liao_Zuoyun 湘菜 Hunan Cuisine ok (please check if not yet in the text book)<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Qi 劝酒文化 Toast-urging ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhang_Huifang 蔡伦与造纸术 Cai Lun invents the paper making ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Cheng_Sixiang 月饼 Mooncake ok, but check if not yet in the text book<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Miao_Yunlong 女书 Women's Script Nvshu ok, but check if not yet in the text book<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Huang_Yixuan2 中国守艺人 The keepers of Tradition: China's Heritage Guardians<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Li_Mei 《易经》与阴阳八卦 ''The Book of Changes''and Yin-Yang ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liao_Dan 吊脚楼 Stilted Building<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zheng_Jinlian 广东新会陈皮 Guangdong Xinhui dried tangerine peel ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Lu_Jiahui 中国古代幻术 Ancient Chinese Art of Illusions ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Du_Yuan 点茶 Tea Whisking ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Ying 盲盒经济 Blind Box Economy ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Cao_Yuan 蒙古族舞蹈 Mongolian Ethnic Dance ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhang_Mai 汝瓷 Ru porcelain ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Xu_Yangyang 打铁花 Striking Iron Fireworks ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Peini 灯芯糕 The Wick Cakes ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Song_Xin 剑门关 Jianmen Pass ok, but please only explain the culture, not landscape or material objects<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Cao_Chunyang 胖东来 Pangdonglai Supermarket in a fourth-tier city ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Jin_Yichen 吴越文化 Wuyue Culture ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Ye_Sitong 温州话 Wenzhou Dialect ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Xiao_Luyu 封神演义 Chinese classical novel The Investiture of the Gods ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhang_Qi 福建线面 Fujian Thin Noddles ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zheng_Kaiwu 工夫茶 Kanghu tea ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Luo_Jingyan 油纸伞 折扇 Folding Fan<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Luo_Sicheng 惊鸿舞 Flying Wild Goose Dance ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Jianan 安徽名酒—古井贡酒 Famous Anhui Liquor-Gujing Tribute Liquor<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Chen_Lin 服美役 beauty duty ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Tang_Yan 道州理学文化 Neo-Confucian Culture in Daozhou ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Qin_Yi 胶东花饽饽 Jiao Dong Huabobo ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Chen_Zhen 玄奘 Xuanzang ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Ou_Huang 浏阳花炮制作技艺 Liuyang Fireworks Making Technique ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Luo_Yan 成人礼：冠礼和笄礼 Traditional Chinese coming-of-age ceremony：Guan Li and Ji Li ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Lv_Jiahao 越剧 Opera:Yue Opera Pleaes check if it is already in the text book.<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Wang_Yuxin 中国古法酿酒 Traditional Chinese Brewing Techniques ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Dai_Yexun 粤剧 Opera:Cantonese opera Please check if it is already in the text book.<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Yan_Jidong 闽南文化 Hokkien culture ok.<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Qiu_Ping 重阳节 Chung Yeung Festival ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:He_Yunfeng 献哈达 Etiquette:Offering Hada(Khata) Scarf<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhou_Le 榨辣椒 Pressing pepper<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Huang_Qiaoqiao 舞剧《咏春》 Dance Drama Wing Chun<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Duan_Binyao 古诗十九首 Nineteen Old Poems<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Li_Linyao 傣族泼水节 Water Splashing Festival of the Dai Ethnic Minority<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Xiao_Yikang 赣东北特色腌制食品 Northeastern Jiangxi Specialty Fermented food<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Gao_Xiaoqing 粽子 Zongzi<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhang_Meiling 秧歌 Yangko<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Huang_Sinan 春晚 Spring Festival Gala<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Du_Jiangping 楚辞 The Songs of Chu<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Jiang_Ziqiang 抛绣球 Zhuang Custom of Throwing the Embroidered Ball for Courtship<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zeng_Xiaohui 中秋节 Mid-autumn Festival<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Geng_Hongmei 醴陵釉下五彩瓷 Five-colored Under Glaze made in Liling<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Yang_Yue2 现代文学：许渊冲 Modern Literature: Xv Yuanchong<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Chen_Anqi 螺钿 Luodian<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Yang_Jing 粮画 The Grain Paintings<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Dai_Shiru 李白 Li Bai<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Yu_Jingfang 傩文化 Nuo culture<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Li_Mingfeng 编钟 Chinese Ancient Instrument:Bianzhong<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Chen_Ting 湘西泡菜 Xiangxi Kimchi<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Gong_Wei 桃源擂茶 Taoyuan Lei Cha<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Yang_Jiahong2 闽南红砖古厝 Southern Fujian Red Brick Ancient Houses<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Wang_Huaixing 长白山 Mount Changbai<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Xiang_Jianning 马面裙 Horse face skirt<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhao_Qi 动画片：《虹猫蓝兔七侠传》 Chinese wuxia animation: Howie & Landau Seven Chivalrous Biography<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhang_Zixi 叶子戏 Yezi Xi<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Shao_Keyuan 殷墟 The Yin Ruins<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Dong_Jiating 麻辣烫 Malatang<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Ouyang_Yihong 辣条 Spicy Gluten Strips<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Lu_Wei 蛋炒饭 Egg-fried Rice<br />
#Xing Xueqing 桃花源 The Peach Garden<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Wang_Xinyu 赣南客家围屋 Hakka Tulou in Southern Jiangxi<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Yuan_Xiaolin 新中式 new Chinese style clothes<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Chu_Hanqi 翠兰 Cui Lan（a kind of tea)<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Wu_Jiating 瓦罐汤 Clay Pot <br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Jiang_Xinyue 灵隐寺 Lingyin Temple<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Xu_Xinwen 十二生肖Chinese Zodiac<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Pei 南岳衡山 Mount Heng<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Xiao_Zixin 恋与深空 Love and Deepspace<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Shutian 旗袍 Cheongsam<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Li_Jiayi 哈尔滨啤酒 Harbin Beer<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Qi Zhiyang 漆扇 Lacquer Fan<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Chen_Sisi 永州石雕 Yongzhou Stone Carving<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User: Yan_Xiang 阜阳美食-格拉条 Fuyang Cuisine-Gelatiao<br />
#http://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zuo_Fang 四羊方尊 Four-ram Square Zun( cultural artifact)<br />
#http://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Yunxi 禅宗 Zen Buddhism<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Luo_Jiaxin 腊八节 Laba Festival<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Fei_Xinyu 中医：气血津液理论与养生保健 TCM -Qi and Blood Theory and Health Preservation<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Chang 朝鲜族象帽舞 Xiangmao Dance of the Korean Ethnic Group<br />
#Zhao Yashi 扬琴 Classical Instrument: Dulcimer<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Xiao_Yawen 醴陵瓷器 Liling porcelain<br />
#http://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Li_Yuan2 吴桥杂技 Wuqiao Acrobatics<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Guo_Cili 热干面 Hot Dry Noodles<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Li_Zihan 豆豉 Fermented Soya Beans<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhou_Tianyi 汨罗长乐故事会 Changle Taige Storytelling Festival<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:She_Xiao 文房四宝 Four Treasures of the Study<br />
99.#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Cai_Yichun 汤显祖 Tangxianzu<br />
100.#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Shen_Shuai 咏春拳 Wing Chun Kung Fu<br />
101.#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Fu_Sihui 中国皮影戏 Chinese Shadow Puppetry</div>Fu Sihuihttps://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Chin_Lang_Cult_Fin_Exam_Spring_2025&diff=166806Chin Lang Cult Fin Exam Spring 20252025-05-23T15:46:09Z<p>Fu Sihui: </p>
<hr />
<div>Final Exam Paper Titles<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Chao#Final_Paper 簪花 Zang Flowers ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Tao_Yao 拔罐 Cupping Therapy ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zeng_Zhi 手串文化 Bead Bracelet Culture ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhang_Jiaxin 哪吒 Cultural Implications of Nezha ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Li_Ting2 湘西赶尸 The Corpse of Xiangxi Technique ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liao_Zuoyun 湘菜 Hunan Cuisine ok (please check if not yet in the text book)<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Qi 劝酒文化 Toast-urging ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhang_Huifang 蔡伦与造纸术 Cai Lun invents the paper making ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Cheng_Sixiang 月饼 Mooncake ok, but check if not yet in the text book<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Miao_Yunlong 女书 Women's Script Nvshu ok, but check if not yet in the text book<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Huang_Yixuan2 中国守艺人 The keepers of Tradition: China's Heritage Guardians<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Li_Mei 《易经》与阴阳八卦 ''The Book of Changes''and Yin-Yang ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liao_Dan 吊脚楼 Stilted Building<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zheng_Jinlian 广东新会陈皮 Guangdong Xinhui dried tangerine peel ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Lu_Jiahui 中国古代幻术 Ancient Chinese Art of Illusions ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Du_Yuan 点茶 Tea Whisking ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Ying 盲盒经济 Blind Box Economy ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Cao_Yuan 蒙古族舞蹈 Mongolian Ethnic Dance ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhang_Mai 汝瓷 Ru porcelain ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Xu_Yangyang 打铁花 Striking Iron Fireworks ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Peini 灯芯糕 The Wick Cakes ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Song_Xin 剑门关 Jianmen Pass ok, but please only explain the culture, not landscape or material objects<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Cao_Chunyang 胖东来 Pangdonglai Supermarket in a fourth-tier city ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Jin_Yichen 吴越文化 Wuyue Culture ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Ye_Sitong 温州话 Wenzhou Dialect ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Xiao_Luyu 封神演义 Chinese classical novel The Investiture of the Gods ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhang_Qi 福建线面 Fujian Thin Noddles ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zheng_Kaiwu 工夫茶 Kanghu tea ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Luo_Jingyan 油纸伞 折扇 Folding Fan<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Luo_Sicheng 惊鸿舞 Flying Wild Goose Dance ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Jianan 安徽名酒—古井贡酒 Famous Anhui Liquor-Gujing Tribute Liquor<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Chen_Lin 服美役 beauty duty ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Tang_Yan 道州理学文化 Neo-Confucian Culture in Daozhou ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Qin_Yi 胶东花饽饽 Jiao Dong Huabobo ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Chen_Zhen 玄奘 Xuanzang ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Ou_Huang 浏阳花炮制作技艺 Liuyang Fireworks Making Technique ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Luo_Yan 成人礼：冠礼和笄礼 Traditional Chinese coming-of-age ceremony：Guan Li and Ji Li ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Lv_Jiahao 越剧 Opera:Yue Opera Pleaes check if it is already in the text book.<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Wang_Yuxin 中国古法酿酒 Traditional Chinese Brewing Techniques ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Dai_Yexun 粤剧 Opera:Cantonese opera Please check if it is already in the text book.<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Yan_Jidong 闽南文化 Hokkien culture ok.<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Qiu_Ping 重阳节 Chung Yeung Festival ok<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:He_Yunfeng 献哈达 Etiquette:Offering Hada(Khata) Scarf<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhou_Le 榨辣椒 Pressing pepper<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Huang_Qiaoqiao 舞剧《咏春》 Dance Drama Wing Chun<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Duan_Binyao 古诗十九首 Nineteen Old Poems<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Li_Linyao 傣族泼水节 Water Splashing Festival of the Dai Ethnic Minority<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Xiao_Yikang 赣东北特色腌制食品 Northeastern Jiangxi Specialty Fermented food<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Gao_Xiaoqing 粽子 Zongzi<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhang_Meiling 秧歌 Yangko<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Huang_Sinan 春晚 Spring Festival Gala<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Du_Jiangping 楚辞 The Songs of Chu<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Jiang_Ziqiang 抛绣球 Zhuang Custom of Throwing the Embroidered Ball for Courtship<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zeng_Xiaohui 中秋节 Mid-autumn Festival<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Geng_Hongmei 醴陵釉下五彩瓷 Five-colored Under Glaze made in Liling<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Yang_Yue2 现代文学：许渊冲 Modern Literature: Xv Yuanchong<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Chen_Anqi 螺钿 Luodian<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Yang_Jing 粮画 The Grain Paintings<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Dai_Shiru 李白 Li Bai<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Yu_Jingfang 傩文化 Nuo culture<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Li_Mingfeng 编钟 Chinese Ancient Instrument:Bianzhong<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Chen_Ting 湘西泡菜 Xiangxi Kimchi<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Gong_Wei 桃源擂茶 Taoyuan Lei Cha<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Yang_Jiahong2 闽南红砖古厝 Southern Fujian Red Brick Ancient Houses<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Wang_Huaixing 长白山 Mount Changbai<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Xiang_Jianning 马面裙 Horse face skirt<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhao_Qi 动画片：《虹猫蓝兔七侠传》 Chinese wuxia animation: Howie & Landau Seven Chivalrous Biography<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhang_Zixi 叶子戏 Yezi Xi<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Shao_Keyuan 殷墟 The Yin Ruins<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Dong_Jiating 麻辣烫 Malatang<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Ouyang_Yihong 辣条 Spicy Gluten Strips<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Lu_Wei 蛋炒饭 Egg-fried Rice<br />
#Xing Xueqing 桃花源 The Peach Garden<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Wang_Xinyu 赣南客家围屋 Hakka Tulou in Southern Jiangxi<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Yuan_Xiaolin 新中式 new Chinese style clothes<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Chu_Hanqi 翠兰 Cui Lan（a kind of tea)<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Wu_Jiating 瓦罐汤 Clay Pot <br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Jiang_Xinyue 灵隐寺 Lingyin Temple<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Xu_Xinwen 十二生肖Chinese Zodiac<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Pei 南岳衡山 Mount Heng<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Xiao_Zixin 恋与深空 Love and Deepspace<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Shutian 旗袍 Cheongsam<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Li_Jiayi 哈尔滨啤酒 Harbin Beer<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Qi Zhiyang 漆扇 Lacquer Fan<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Chen_Sisi 永州石雕 Yongzhou Stone Carving<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User: Yan_Xiang 阜阳美食-格拉条 Fuyang Cuisine-Gelatiao<br />
#http://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zuo_Fang 四羊方尊 Four-ram Square Zun( cultural artifact)<br />
#http://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Yunxi 禅宗 Zen Buddhism<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Luo_Jiaxin 腊八节 Laba Festival<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Fei_Xinyu 中医：气血津液理论与养生保健 TCM -Qi and Blood Theory and Health Preservation<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Chang 朝鲜族象帽舞 Xiangmao Dance of the Korean Ethnic Group<br />
#Zhao Yashi 扬琴 Classical Instrument: Dulcimer<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Xiao_Yawen 醴陵瓷器 Liling porcelain<br />
#http://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Li_Yuan2 吴桥杂技 Wuqiao Acrobatics<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Guo_Cili 热干面 Hot Dry Noodles<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Li_Zihan 豆豉 Fermented Soya Beans<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Zhou_Tianyi 汨罗长乐故事会 Changle Taige Storytelling Festival<br />
#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:She_Xiao 文房四宝 Four Treasures of the Study<br />
99.#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Cai_Yichun 汤显祖 Tangxianzu<br />
100.#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Shen_Shuai 咏春拳 Wing Chun Kung Fu<br />
101.#https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Fu_Sihui 奥林匹克运动会 Olympic Games</div>Fu Sihuihttps://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Chinese_Language_and_Culture,_Spring_2025&diff=166608Chinese Language and Culture, Spring 20252025-05-09T11:29:26Z<p>Fu Sihui: /* Session 16 Fri Jun 28 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Final Exam */</p>
<hr />
<div>Welcome to our course website [[Chinese Language and Culture, Spring 2025]]!<br />
<br />
=Session 1 Fri Feb 21 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Organizational issues=<br />
<br />
==What we learn in this class==<br />
*We learn about Chinese culture from international, especially Western perspective. <br />
*We learn about cultural phenomena, traditional Chinese culture.<br />
*We learn English and Chinese terminology in the area of Chinese culture.<br />
*We learn to think critically about cultural traditions and to appreciate the benefits from cultural traditions.<br />
*We learn how to determine the location and role of Chinese culture within global culture.<br />
*We learn basics of theories and models of intercultural communication and comparison.<br />
*We learn the appreciate and respect the diversity of multipolar cultures and of integration.<br />
*We become aware of the dangers of cultural discrimination (colonialism, religious missions, imperialism etc.).<br />
<br />
==Students' contribution==<br />
*Every student needs to prepare the 1-2 textbook texts of the respective chapters in the textbook ahead each week of class. <br />
*Every student selects a topic, prepares 2 ppt presentations of 15 min. (one without AI, one with AI, and please indicate references and an AI statement at the end of the presentation) and a mentimeter.com quiz for everybody to take live in class with results shown after all will have answered. The topics and contents of the sessions are determined by the selection of the students.<br />
*For the final exam, you write another chapter of the textbook in both Chinese and English, with "Terms and Expressions", References, Questions and Answers, Statement regarding AI<br />
<br />
==Textbook==<br />
You will receive the textbook for our class. We need a volunteer who integrates the last 92 new chapters into the word file. After tha, you will receive an updated version of the textbook. There are more than 200 topics of our textbook. Here you find all topics in the order of the book and with the names of the students who will translate the chapters into Chinese. Please select two topics by writing your name behind it and by setting it in '''bold'''. These topics will be presented in the form of a powerpoint presentation.<br />
<br />
==Agreement on use of classroom time==<br />
Should we read the texts in class or should the students read the text ahead of class (especially learning the terms and expressions) and come to class prepared? How should we use our classroom time? (presentations, quizzes, discussions, exercise to translate adhoc an unknown text from the same area)<br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
==Homework for every session==<br />
Please prepare the topics of the following session by reading the respective texts in the textbook (if you have not much time, you can read it in Chinese), learn the vocabulary and make yourself familiar with the questions asked under the text.<br />
<br />
==Teacher presentation: Introduction to Culture==<br />
[[Media:01_Chin_Lang_Cult_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
<br />
==Homework for Session 2==<br />
Please register on the Wiki and wait for the teacher to approve. You can click on http://bit.ly/WIKIREG, then input two times your pinyin name for username and real name in the way "Wang Jianguo", type in some info about yourself and submit the form with accepting the terms and conditions as well as typing in the captcha password "wikicaptcha". More detailed instructions for registration you find in the powerpoint presentation which you can download from here ("Teacher presentation"). <br />
<br />
Please select one of the following chapters of our textbook by writing your name behind the topic to give a 20 minute presentation on plus a MikeCRM quiz: The first three presenters will have to present next week!<br />
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1. Geographic Nature as a Basis for Cultural Development 17<br />
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2. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Chinese Marriage Customs 22<br />
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3. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Habits, Ways of Contacting 31<br />
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4. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Marriage-Accompanying Songs in Hunan 40<br />
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5. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Crying Marriage of Tujia 49<br />
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6. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China 63<br />
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7. Animals: Panda 71 <br />
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8. Architecture 78<br />
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9. Architecture: The Forbidden City 89<br />
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10. Architecture: Four Famous Bridges 102<br />
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11. Architecture: Four Great Pavilions 113<br />
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12. Architecture: Shengjing Imperial Palace 124<br />
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13. Architecture: Three Great Towers in China 131<br />
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14. Architecture: Fengshui in Chinese Architecture 145 <br />
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15. Army and weapons: Chinese Ancient Weapons 154<br />
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16. Army and weapons: Terracotta Army 163<br />
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17. Astrology: Chinese Astrology 170<br />
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18. Astrology: Calendar, The 24 Solar Terms 178<br />
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19. Astrology: Twelve Animals of the Chinese Zodiac 188<br />
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20. Beverages: Milk Tea 197<br />
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21. Beverages: Tea 203 (Zhang Mai)<br />
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22. Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China 209<br />
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23. Body movement performance: Chinese Lion Dancing 218<br />
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24. Body movement performance: Stilts 223<br />
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25. Body movement performance: Traditional Chinese Dance 230<br />
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26. Chinese Writing: Ancient Writing and Painting Tool, Writing Brush 236<br />
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27. Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 246 (Tang Yan)<br />
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28. Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy 252<br />
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29. Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 262<br />
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30. Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts 276<br />
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31. Clothing: Chinese Clothing 283<br />
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32. Clothing: Batik (Lanran) 291<br />
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33. Clothing: Cheongsam 301 <br />
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34. Confucianism: Confucian Culture 309 <br />
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35. Confucianism: Chinese Traditional Culture-Five Constant Virtues 324<br />
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36. Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Confucius and Confucianism 332<br />
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37. Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Reading The Analects 339 <br />
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38. Education: Ancient Chinese Education 350<br />
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39. Education: Historical Figures, The Four Talented Women of Ancient China 361<br />
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40. Education: Modern Chinese Education System 371<br />
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41. Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties 386<br />
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42. Education: Yuelu Academy (One of the Four Most Prestigious Academies) 395<br />
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43. Facial Make-up 406<br />
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44. Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up 413<br />
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45. Facial Make-up: Face Changing in Sichuan Opera 431<br />
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46. Fine Arts: Painting 440<br />
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47. Fine Arts: Bada Shanren and Qi Baishi 445<br />
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48. Fine Arts: Painting Riverside Scene at Tomb Sweeping Day 452<br />
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49. Fine Arts: Seal-cutting 459<br />
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50. Games: Go 围棋 462（Zhao Qi）<br />
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51. Games: Kite Flying 468<br />
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52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play 476（Jiang Ziqiang）<br />
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53. Garden Culture: Gardens 505<br />
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54. Garden Culture: Bonsai (Penjing) 511<br />
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55. Garden Culture: The Summer Palace 519（Li Mei）<br />
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56. Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden 526<br />
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57. Gender: Wu Zetian: The Only Female Emperor of Imperial China 535<br />
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58. History: Carl and Cixi 548<br />
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59. Interieur: The Folding Screen 552<br />
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60. Landscapes and Tourism: Four Buddhist Shrines 561<br />
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61. Landscapes and Tourism: Four State-Level Cultural Relics 573<br />
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62. Landscapes and Tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains 585<br />
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63. Landscapes and Tourism: Mogao Grottoes 593<br />
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64. Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai 606（Qin Yi)<br />
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65. Landscapes and Tourism: Canal Culture：The Grand Canal（The Peking-Hangzhou Grand Canal） 621<br />
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66. Landscapes and Tourism: The Ancient Tea Horse Road 635<br />
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67. Landscapes and Tourism: Tourism, Nanking-An Ancient Capital of Six Dynasties 642<br />
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68. Language: Chinese Language 649<br />
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69. Language: Chinese Dialects 660<br />
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70. Language: Chinese Folk Argot 669<br />
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71. Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Classical Fairy Tales 681<br />
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72. Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Mythology 688<br />
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73. Literature: Ancient literature - Classical Literature 699<br />
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74. Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China 706<br />
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75. Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China 715<br />
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76. Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 725 (Duan Binyao)<br />
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77. Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas 748<br />
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78. Literature: Ancient literature: Yuefu 765<br />
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79. Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 773 <br />
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80. Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations 780<br />
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81. Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 786<br />
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82. Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 794<br />
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83. Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 823<br />
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84. Literature: Modern Literature 832<br />
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85. Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 841（Miao Yunlong）<br />
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86. Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 848<br />
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87. Literature: Contemporary Literature 859<br />
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88. Martial Arts: Huo Yuanjia 865<br />
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89. Martial Arts: Qigong 868<br />
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90. Martial Arts: Taiji (Tai Chi) Shadow Boxing 873<br />
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91. Martial Arts: Wushu 885<br />
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92. Martial Arts: Frolics of the Five Animals (Wuqinxi) 890<br />
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93. Medicine: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) 900 <br />
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94. Medicine: TCM - Acupuncture and Moxibustion 907<br />
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95. Medicine: TCM - Diagnosis and Pharmacology 912<br />
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96. Medicine: TCM - The Development of Chinese Medicine 917<br />
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97. Medicine: TCM – The Chinese Medical Sage Zhang Zhongjing 924<br />
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98. Minority cultures: Lisu People and Daogan Festival of Lisu Ethnic Minority 934<br />
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99. Minority cultures: The Ethnic Minorities’ Costumes 941<br />
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100. Money culture: Currency, Jiaozi (A Paper Currency in Northern Song Dynasty) 952<br />
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101. Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money 962 (Xu Yangyang)<br />
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102. Music and instruments: Guzheng 975<br />
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103. Music and instruments: Pipa 986<br />
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104. Mythology: Gods and Immortals 996<br />
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105. Mythology: Huli-jing 1005<br />
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106. National Symbols: National Anthem 1018<br />
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107. National Symbols: National Flag 1026 （Liao Zuoyun）<br />
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108. Opera: Peking Opera 1035<br />
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109. Opera: Peking Opera Acrobatics 1043<br />
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110. Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 1050 (Dai shiru)<br />
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111. Opera: Tea-picking Opera 1055<br />
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112. Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 1064<br />
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113. Philosophical Schools: Four Main Philosophical Schools 1076<br />
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114. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy – Daoism 1087<br />
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115. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading Tao Te Ching 1093<br />
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116. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Sutra of Hui-neng 1099<br />
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117. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Importance of Living 1106<br />
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118. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Legalism 1119<br />
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119. Philosophy: Chinese Traditional Cultivation Culture 1129<br />
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120. Religion: Traditional Chinese Funeral Culture 1141<br />
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121. Religion: Buddhism 1155<br />
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122. Religion: Daoism 1170<br />
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123. Religion: Christianity 1175<br />
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124. Religion: Islam 1181<br />
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125. Science and Technology: Ancient Science and Technology 1185<br />
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126. Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions 1191 (Yang Yue2)<br />
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127. Science and Technology: Compass 1217<br />
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128. Science and Technology: TikTok (Douyin) 1226<br />
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129. Science and Technology: Three Giant Home Appliance Enterprises In China 1235<br />
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130. Science and Technology: Four Domestic Mobile Phone Companies 1257<br />
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131. Silk and porcelain: Silk 1272 (Fei Xinyu)<br />
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132. Silk and porcelain: Porcelain 1277<br />
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133. Silk and porcelain: Celadon and Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 1283(Wang Huaixing)<br />
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134. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zhang Qian and the Silk Road 1291<br />
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135. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He and the Maritime Silk Road 1296<br />
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136. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He's Voyages 1300<br />
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137. Social: The Long-life Lock 1308<br />
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138. Social: Round Table Culture 1317 (Wu Jiating)<br />
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139. Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 1325<br />
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140. Stage entertainment: Shadow Play 1332<br />
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141. Traditional Crafts: Carving 1340<br />
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142. Traditional Crafts: Chinese Jade Culture 1348<br />
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143. Traditional Crafts: Cloisonne 1363 <br />
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144. Traditional Crafts: Embroidery 1369<br />
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145. Traditional Crafts: Shu Embroidery (Sichuan Embroidery) 1373 <br />
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146. Traditional Crafts: Xiang Embroidery 1386（Zhang Huifang）<br />
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147. Traditional Crafts: Folk Art - Chinese Paper-cutting 1400<br />
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148. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Chinese Knots 1409<br />
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149. Traditional Crafts: Lacquerware 1418<br />
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150. Traditional Crafts: The Kingfisher Craft点翠 1423<br />
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151. Traditional Cuisine: Chinese Dining Etiquette 1436<br />
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152. Traditional Cuisine: Chopsticks 1450<br />
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153. Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China 1456 (Zheng Kaiwu)<br />
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154. Traditional Cuisine: Four Distinct Regional Cuisines 1473<br />
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155. Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan 1480(Liu Peini)<br />
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156. Traditional Cuisine: Tanghulu, Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick 1491(Xiao Zixin)<br />
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157. Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot 1501 (Cao Chunyang)<br />
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158. Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking 1508<br />
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159. Traditional Cuisine: Two Famous Dishes 1514<br />
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160. Traditional Festivals 1518……<br />
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161. Traditional Festivals: Lattice on Ancient Chinese Windows 1525<br />
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162. Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 1538<br />
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163. Westernization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 1544<br />
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164. Westernization: The Westernization Movement 1550<br />
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165. Worship: Chinese Incense Culture 1558 (She Xiao)<br />
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166. Economy: Chinese Currency Changes 1569<br />
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167. History: Wang Shouren 1573 Lv Jiahao<br />
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168. Martial Arts: Chinese Swordsman Spirit 1582<br />
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169. Cuisine: Luosifen 1593 （Chen Sisi)<br />
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170. Fine Arts: Chinese Paper Cutting 1601 <br />
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171. Science and Technology: Taobao(淘宝) 1611<br />
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172. Traditional Craft: Bronze 1623<br />
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173. Entertainment: Deyunshe 德云社 1631<br />
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174. Traditional Cuisine: Jiaozi 1644 （Liu Pei）<br />
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175. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: the Photo Retouching Culture in China 1655<br />
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176. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Oil-paper Umbrella 1664 <br />
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177. stage entertainment:Yuan drama 1676<br />
<br />
178. Music and instruments: Erhu 1685<br />
<br />
179. Traditional and Modern Views on Marriage and Love 1694 (Liu Yunxi)<br />
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180. Traditional Cuisine: Tangyuan 1701<br />
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181. Animals：Golden Monkey 1712（Xiao Yawen）<br />
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182. Chinese Economy: rich businessmen 1719 (Fu Sihui)<br />
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183. Opera: Chinese Local Operas 1727 （Wang Xinyu）<br />
<br />
184. The Chinese tradition of ancestor worship 1740<br />
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185. Opera: Huangmei opera 1752 （Chu Hanqi）<br />
<br />
186. The “reference” of Chinese Music 1759<br />
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187. Chinese Folk Art:Lion Dance 1767<br />
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188. Science and Technology: Mobile Games（手游） 1783(Du JIangping)<br />
<br />
189. Clothing: Vintage Clothing 1790<br />
<br />
190. Fine arts:Kunqu Opera 1798<br />
<br />
191. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Culture of Flowers 1807 (Qiu Ping）<br />
<br />
192. National Belief: the Chinese Dream 1818<br />
<br />
193. Science and Technology: Buytogether（PDD) 1825(Qi Zhiyang)<br />
<br />
194. Aesthetic ideals and social customs：Marriage and Burial Customs of Tujia People 1845<br />
<br />
195. Sports: Cuju (蹴鞠) 1845 （Ouyang Yihong)<br />
<br />
196. Science and Technology: The culture of Chinese Electric Vehicles 中国电动汽车 1845（Geng Hongmei)<br />
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197. Chinese tradition culture: The culture of Ronghua—Velvet Flowers 绒花 1845 <br />
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198. Stage entertainment: Northeast Errenzhuan (二人转) 1845<br />
<br />
199. Traditional Crafts: Dough Sculpture 面塑 1845<br />
<br />
200. Nanchang Relic Museum for Haihun Principality of Han Dynasty 1845 <br />
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201. The culture of Grass cloth 夏布 1845 <br />
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202. The Legend of Zhen Huan 《甄嬛传》 1845 (Xiang Jianning)<br />
<br />
203. Chinese horror movies 中式恐怖片 1845 (Zhang Jiaxin)<br />
<br />
204. Stand-up comedy 单口喜剧 1845（Huang Sinan）<br />
<br />
205. Bride-price（彩礼） 1845 <br />
<br />
206. Chinese science fiction movies 中国科幻片 1845<br />
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207. Shandong cuisine鲁菜 1845(Lu Wei)<br />
<br />
208. Chinese traditional ornament: Buyao （步摇） 1845 (Yang Jing)<br />
<br />
209. Tofu meatball with pig blood (猪血丸子) 1845 （Li Ting2）<br />
<br />
210. Sunzi’s Art of War: Source for All Books on War (孙子兵法) 1845<br />
<br />
211. The Temple of Heaven：Reverence with Awe and Gratitude（天坛） 1845<br />
<br />
212. Education：training Schools （教育：补习班） 1845 (Huang Yixuan2)<br />
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213. Chinese Dreamcore (中式梦核) 1845 (Zhang Zixi)<br />
<br />
214. Lu Ban, China’s inventor（中国发明家——鲁班） 1845 (Cai Yichun)<br />
<br />
215. Live Streaming E-commerce（直播电商） 1845 (Tao Yao)<br />
<br />
216. The Story of Ming Lan（知否知否，应是绿肥红瘦） 1845 (Ye Sitong)<br />
<br />
217. Cha Bai Xi/Tea Latte Art (茶百戏) 1845 （Yang Jiahong2)<br />
<br />
218. Guangdong Herbal tea（广东凉茶） 1845(Gao Xiaoqing)<br />
<br />
219. Chinese traditional art form：Seal carving（篆刻） 1845(Huang Qiaoqiao)<br />
<br />
220. Rice cake (年糕) 1845 （Dong Jiating）<br />
<br />
221. Zhongyuan festival 1845 （Ou Huang）<br />
<br />
222. Dulong: Facial tattoo (独龙族：纹面) 1845<br />
<br />
223. The Return of the Pearl Princess（还珠格格） 1845 （Lu Jiahui）<br />
<br />
224. Chinese Food：Jiangxi Cuisine（赣菜） 1845 (Liao Dan)<br />
<br />
225. "Cun Chao": China's village football league（“村超”：中国乡村足球联赛） 1845 (Shen Shuai)<br />
<br />
226. Landscapes and Tourism: Junshan Island (君山岛) 1845<br />
<br />
227. Chinese Bossy Fictions & Micro-drama（中国式霸总小说&短剧） 1845 (He Yunfeng)<br />
<br />
228. Chinese Traditional Medicine (中医药）——— Mortise and Tenon Joint（榫卯结构） 1845<br />
<br />
229. Jingdezhen Porcelain 1845 (Xiao Luyu)<br />
<br />
230. Gayageum（伽倻琴） 1845 (Zhang Meiling)<br />
<br />
231. The plaque and couplet in Chinese garden（园林匾额对联） 1845 (Wang Yuxin)<br />
<br />
232. Sun Wukong（孙悟空） 1845 （Li Yuan2）<br />
<br />
233. Traditional Chinese Pigments（中国传统颜料） 1845 (Cao Yuan)<br />
<br />
234. Dragon Lantern Dance（舞龙灯） 1845 （Jin Yichen）<br />
<br />
235. Bamboo Weaving (竹编） 1845 (Chen Anqi)<br />
<br />
236. Landscapes and Tourism: Harbin Ice and Snow World (冰雪大世界) 1845 (Xu Xinwen)<br />
<br />
237. Braised Chicken Rice (黄焖鸡米饭-Huang Men Ji Mifan) 1845 （Li Zihan2）<br />
<br />
238. Three Famous Chinese Mountains(中国三山) 1845（Liu Chang）<br />
<br />
239. Female Emperor---Wu Zetian 1845 (Song Xin)<br />
<br />
240. Clay sculpture (泥塑） 1845 (Chen Lin)<br />
<br />
241. Abacus (中国珠算） 1845<br />
<br />
242. Hunan Rice Noodles（湖南米粉） 1845 (Gong Wei)<br />
<br />
243. Chinese name（中国姓名文化） 1845 <br />
<br />
244. Chinese popular viral memes (中国网络社交媒体“热梗”） 1845(Xiao Yikang)<br />
<br />
245. Douzhi (豆汁) 1845(Li Linyao) <br />
<br />
246. New Year Wood-block Paintings (木版年画） 1845（Du Yuan）<br />
<br />
247. Carved lacquer（雕漆） 1845 （Liu Qi）<br />
<br />
248. Jing Gang Mountain (井冈山） 1845 （Yu Jingfang）<br />
<br />
249. Intangible Cultural Heritage: Tongguan Kiln （铜官窑） 1845<br />
<br />
250. Language: Hakka Dialect（客家话） 1845<br />
<br />
251. Rice noodle roll（肠粉） 1845 ( Li Mingfeng )<br />
<br />
252. Traditional Cuisine: Northeastern Chinese Cuisine(东北菜） 1845（Liu Shutian）<br />
<br />
253. Yuelu Mountain (岳麓山) 1845（Chen Ting）<br />
<br />
254. Traditional Crafts：Tie-Dye（扎染） 1845（Zhang Qi）<br />
<br />
255. Chinese-style sun protection (中式防晒） 1845（Zhao Yashi）<br />
<br />
256. Danmu (弹幕） 1845 (Zhou Le)<br />
<br />
257. Yangshao Culture（仰韶文化） 1845<br />
<br />
258. Indigo Dyeing (蓝染) 1845<br />
<br />
259. Female Writers: Zhang Ailing, Chen Ping, Lin Yihan and Li Bihua 1845 (Zhou Tianyi)<br />
<br />
<br />
260. Wedding dress in the Song Dynasty (宋代婚服) 1845 (Liu Chao) <br />
<br />
261. The cultural idea oft he great unification in ancient China (中国古代的大一统文化思想) 1845<br />
<br />
262. The Four Pillars of Destiny (八字) (Li Jiayi) 1845 <br />
<br />
263. Shaolin Temple (少林寺) 1845 (Zuo Fang)<br />
<br />
264. Single bamboo drifting（独竹漂） 1845<br />
<br />
265. Cuisine: Changde spicy salted duck 酱板鸭传说的由来 1845 （Xing Xueqing）<br />
<br />
266. Hui Culture (徽文化) 1845(Liu Jianan)<br />
<br />
267. Ma Zu Culture (妈祖文化) 1845 (Yan Jidong)<br />
<br />
268. Table Manners 1845（Luo Yan）<br />
<br />
269. Music of the Mongol nationality (蒙古族音乐) 1845<br />
<br />
270. The Yingge Dance（英歌舞） 1845 （Jiang Xinyue)<br />
<br />
271. Palace Lantern（宫灯） 1845 （Shao Keyuan）<br />
<br />
272. Chinese Term of Endearment（中国亲昵称谓） 1845 (Zeng Zhi）<br />
<br />
273. Changsha Stinky Tofu（长沙臭豆腐) 1845(Luo Sicheng)<br />
<br />
274. God of Wealth(财神) 1845 <br />
<br />
275. Zhuazhou（抓周） 1845 （Zeng Xiaohui）<br />
<br />
276. Nail art（美甲） 1845 （Luo Jiaxin）<br />
277. Mirror (镜子) 1845 (Cheng Sixiang) <br />
<br />
278. The Beef Board Noodle (牛肉板面) 1845(Yan Xiang)<br />
<br />
279. Huo Qubing (霍去病） 1845 （Luo Jingyan）<br />
<br />
280. Chinese Courtyard Houses（中国四合院） 1845 (Guo Cili)<br />
<br />
281. Music and instruments: Yangqin（扬琴） 1845（Dai Yexun）<br />
<br />
282. Black Myth: Wukong（黑神话 悟空） 1845 (Chen Zhen)<br />
<br />
283. Guangdong Morning Tea Culture （广东早茶文化） 1845 （Zheng Jinlian）<br />
<br />
=Session 02 Fri Feb 28 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
==Teacher presentation: Introduction to Culture==<br />
[[Media:02_Chin_Lang_Cult_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
<br />
==Topics for today==<br />
Please copy and paste your presentation topic, your name here and add your powerpoint file (size limit 10 MB)<br />
<br />
You need to copy all the topics for the whole semester to the sessions NOW. If you do not do it sufficiently in advance, how can the fellow students prepare the texts?<br />
<br />
Please remember that you have to indicate the 10 topics for Friday on the course website under "Session 2" with the topic name, student name, powerpoint uploaded (max size 10 MB), all presentations will be each on 1 topic only and cannot exceed 5 minutes. They have to be interactive and helpful from the perspective of an interpreter or translator who needs to prepare his/her work on this topic.<br />
<br />
27. Chinese Calligraphy (Tang Yan) [[Media:Chinese_Calligraphy.pptx]]<br />
<br />
52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play 476（Jiang Ziqiang）[[Media:Mahjong-Jiang_Ziqiang.pptx]]<br />
<br />
55. Garden Culture: The Summer Palace 519（Li Mei）[[Media:The Summer Palace - Li Mei.pptx]]<br />
<br />
76. Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 725 (Duan Binyao) [[Media:Duan_Binyao_-76Su_Shi_and_Delegation_Literature.pptx]]<br />
<br />
85. Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Miao Yunlong)[[Media:Qian_Zhongshu_Miao_Yunlong.pptx]]<br />
<br />
Tea Latte Art (Xiang Jianning)<br />
<br />
Topic 7<br />
<br />
Topic 8<br />
<br />
Topic 9<br />
<br />
Topic 10<br />
<br />
=Session 03 Fri Mar 07 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
==Presentations==<br />
1. Topic 21: Beverages: Tea 203 (Zhang Mai) [[Media:Tea_Spring_2025.pptx]] 86<br />
<br />
2. Topic 64: Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai 606 (Qin Yi) [[Media:Mount_Tai_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
<br />
3. Topic 101. Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money 962 (Xu Yangyang) [[Media:Lucky_Money_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
<br />
4. Topic 107:National Symbols: Culture of the National Flag 1026 （Liao Zuoyun）[[Media:Culture_of_the_National_Flag_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
<br />
5. Topic 155:Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan 1480 (Liu Peini) [[Media:Wuhan_Breakfast_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
<br />
6. Topic 157:Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot 1501 (Cao Chunyang) [[Media:Hot_Pot_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
<br />
7. Topic 126: China's four new inventions 1191(Yang Yue2).) [[Media:China's_Four_Great_New_Inventions_Spring_2025.pdf]]<br />
<br />
==Notes on presentations==<br />
Most students did not do their homework. 素质 in Chinese and international culture. Taking over responsibility. Being independent. Making sure that things run. Taking care of others. Not to do the homework in time (displaying the 13 presentations of each session) has disadvantages also for the other students, who cannot prepare.<br />
<br />
1. 14:43-49 Only Chinese tradition explained, not Indian, Egyptian etc. "Black tea" (in English all "hong cha" is called "black tea"), British tea culture (add milk)<br />
<br />
2. 14:55-15:00 Personal origin: Shandong, personal experience: climbed Mount Tai 4 times, Sacrificial Culture, Culture of Literati, Folk Belief: God of Mount Tai, Blue Rosy Cloud Fairy; Spiritual Symbolism<br />
<br />
3. 15:04-15:10 Legend, Tradition and Contrast, Significance; Sui Monster ya sui qian; contrast in the West: Giving money as a present is considered not as good as a present itself, giving money in an envelope has the bad taste of bribing (transparency.org); in China you can even go to the temple and pray for money<br />
<br />
4. 15:29-15:34 historical details of design, red meaning “stop” internationally, “achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation” (maybe a newer concept than the flag?), connection with earlier historical flags and other flags like of the communist movement, North Korea, ancient Soviet Union <br />
<br />
5. 15:41-15:46 dialect terms (don’t use pinyin), analogy, breakfast is one of the most resilient cultural elements a person sticks to, guozao, 热干面, missing: characteristics like that it needs to be prepared quickly because the tradition of the dock workers<br />
<br />
6. 15:56-16:01 hot pot history originated in China (?), regional differences within China 87<br />
<br />
7. 16:02-16:06 4 new inventions - not explained that these inventions were invented in other countries. 86<br />
<br />
==Student grades: 平时成绩/签到==<br />
<br />
<br />
75/103 students, 24级 MA翻译, class representative: Zhang Jiaxin<br />
# Jin Yichen <br />
# lu jiahui <br />
# li yuan<br />
# cao yuan<br />
# xiao luyu<br />
# zhang jiaxin +5<br />
# ye sitong<br />
# zhao yashi<br />
# jiang xinyue<br />
# yan xiang<br />
# fei xinyu <br />
# zhang qi<br />
# dai shiru<br />
# zhang zixi<br />
# zheng kaiwu<br />
# cai yichun<br />
# yang jing<br />
# liao dan<br />
# luo yan<br />
# qin yi<br />
# shao keyuan<br />
# cao chunyang<br />
# xu yangyang<br />
# liao zuoyun<br />
# cheng sixiang<br />
# du jiangping<br />
# liu qi<br />
# miao yunlong<br />
# huang qiaoqiao<br />
# chen lin<br />
# duan binyao<br />
# li ting<br />
# zeng zhi<br />
# xing xueqing<br />
# luo jingyan<br />
# liu shutian<br />
# gao xiaoqing<br />
# chen zhen<br />
# luo guoqiang -1-1<br />
# she xiao <br />
# he yunfeng <br />
# liu ying<br />
# du yuan <br />
# li jiayi <br />
# tao yao <br />
# xu xinwen <br />
# ou huang <br />
# liu peini<br />
# jiang ziqiang<br />
# zhang huifang<br />
# liu chao<br />
# liu yunxi <br />
# luo jiaxin<br />
# li mei<br />
# zeng xiaohui<br />
# huang yixuan<br />
# chen anqi<br />
# chen ting<br />
# zhang mai<br />
# yuan xiaolin -1-1<br />
# li mingfeng<br />
# dai yexun-1<br />
# yang pei -1<br />
# tang yan<br />
# xiang jianning-1<br />
# liu chang -1<br />
# wang yuxin<br />
# lv jiahao-1<br />
# dong jiating<br />
# lu wei<br />
# yang yue<br />
# guo cili<br />
# shen shuai<br />
# Ouyang yihong<br />
# li zihan -1<br />
# zuo fang<br />
# fu sihui<br />
# xiao zixin -1<br />
# zhou tianyi -1<br />
# qi zhiyang -1<br />
# liu pei <br />
# gong wei<br />
# chen sisi<br />
# huang sinan<br />
# xiao yikang<br />
# yu jingfang<br />
# luo sicheng<br />
# yang jiahong<br />
# yan jidong<br />
# xiao yawen<br />
# geng hongmei<br />
# zhou le<br />
# qiu ping<br />
# wang huaixing<br />
# wang xinyu<br />
# chu hanqi<br />
# wu jiating<br />
# zhang meiling<br />
# liu jianan<br />
# song xin<br />
# zhao qi<br />
# zheng jinlian<br />
# li linyao<br />
<br />
=Session 04 Fri Mar 14 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
#Topic 260：Wedding Dress in the Song Dynasty(Liu Chao)[[Media:260 The Wedding Dress in the Song Dynasty.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 146: Traditional crafts: Xiang embroidery 1386(Zhang Huifang) [[Media:Hunan_embroidery_spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 153:Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China 1456 (Zheng Kaiwu)[[Media:Media Eight Major Cuisines of China.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 233: Traditional Chinese Pigments (Cao Yuan)[[Media:Traditional Chinese Pigments.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 182: Chinese Economy: rich businessmen (Fu Sihui) [[Media:Rich_Businessmen_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 156: Traditional Cuisine: Tanghulu, Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick p. 1491 (Xiao Zixin) [[Media:Tanghulu_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 138: Social: Round Table Culture 1317 (Wu Jiating) [[Media:Round_Table_Culture_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 174: Jiaozi (Liu Pei) [[Media:Dumplings_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
#133.Silk and Porcelain: Celadon and “Celadon Song”青花瓷歌词（Wang Huaixing)<br />
<br />
=Session 05 Fri Mar 21 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
#Topic 50: Games: Go 围棋 462（Zhao Qi） [[Media:Weiqi_Go_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 110:Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 1050 (Dai shiru)[[Media:Opera Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang.pptx]]<br />
# Topic 131: Silk and porcelain: Silk (Fei Xinyu) [[Media:Silk_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
# Topic 224: Chinese Food：Jiangxi Cuisine（赣菜）(Liao Dan) [[Media:Jiangxi_Cuisine_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
# Topic 169: Cuisine: Luosifen 1593 (Chen Sisi) ） [[Media:Luosifen_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
# Topic 167: History: Wang Shouren 1573 （Lv Jiahao)[[Media:History_Wang_Shouren_.pptx]]<br />
# Topic 183: Jiangxi Gan Opera （Wang Xinyu） [[Media:Jiangxi Gan opera.pptx]]<br />
# Topic 165: Worship: Chinese Incense Culture (She Xiao) [[Media:Chinese Incense Culture.pptx]]<br />
#133.Silk and Porcelain: Celadon and “Celadon Song”青花瓷歌词（Wang Huaixing) [Media: Silk and Porcelain]<br />
<br />
=Session 06 Fri Mar 28 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
<br />
#Topic 188:Mobile Games 手游 1783 （Du Jiangping）<br />
#Topic 191:Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Culture of Flowers 1807 (Qiu Ping）<br />
#Topic 193:Science and Technology: Buytogether（PDD) 1825(Qi Zhiyang)<br />
#Topic 195:Sports: Cuju (蹴鞠) 1845 （Ouyang Yihong)[[Media: Cuju.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 202:The Legend of Zhen Huan 《甄嬛传》 1845 (Xiang Jianning)[[Media: The Legend of Zhen Huan.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 203:Chinese horror movies 中式恐怖片 1845 (Zhang Jiaxin)[[Media: Chinese Horror Movies.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 185:Opera: Huangmei opera 1752 （Chu Hanqi）<br />
#Topic 181:Animals：Golden Monkey 1712（Xiao Yawen）<br />
#Topic 196:The culture of Chinese Electric Vehicles 中国电动汽车 1845（Geng Hongmei)<br />
<br />
=HOLIDAY Session 07 Fri Apr 04 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
清明节4月4日——4月6日<br />
=Session 08 Fri Apr 11 14:30-16:10 Zhishan Bldg. room 303 - Student presentations=<br />
#Topic 133:Silk and Porcelain: Celadon and “Celadon Song”青花瓷歌词（Wang Huaixing）<br />
#Topic 179:Traditional and Modern Views on Marriage and Love（Liu Yunxi）[[Media:Traditional and Modern Views on Marriage and Love .pptx]]<br />
#Topic 181:Animals：Golden Monkey(Xiao Yawen)<br />
#Topic 196:The culture of Chinese Electric Vehicles 中国电动汽车 1845（Geng Hongmei)<br />
#Topic 204:Stand-up comedy 单口喜剧 1845（Huang Sinan）<br />
#Topic 220:Rice cake 年糕 (Dong Jiating)<br />
#Topic 208:Chinese traditional ornament: Buyao(Yang Jing)<br />
#Topic 209:Tofu meatball with nia blood(Li Ting2)[[Media:Pig_Blood_Balls.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 212:Education：training Schools （教育：补习班） 1845 (Huang Yixuan2) [[Media:Training classes .pptx]]<br />
<br />
=Session 09 Fri Apr 18 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
#Topic 213: Chinese Dreamcore (Zhang Zixi)<br />
#Topic 215: Live-streaming e-commerce (Tao Yao)[[Media:Live-Streaming E-Commerce.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 216: The Story of Ming Lan (Ye Sitong)[[Media:The Story of Minglan.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 218: Guangdong Herbal tea (Gao Xiaoqing)<br />
#Topic 219: Chinese traditional art form：Seal carving（篆刻） (Huang Qiaoqiao)<br />
#Topic 207: Shan Dong Cuisine (Lu Wei)<br />
#Topic 221: Zhongyuan Festival (Ou Huang)[[Media:The Zhongyuan Festival.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 223: The Return of the Pearl Princess (Lu Jiahui)[[Media:The Return of the Pearl Princess.pptx]]<br />
<br />
=Session 10 Fri Apr 25 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
#Topic 217: Cha Bai Xi/Tea Latte Art（茶百戏）(Yang Jiahong)<br />
#Topic 225: Cun Chao": China's village football league（“村超”：中国乡村足球联赛）(Shen Shuai)<br />
#Topic 227: Chinese Bossy Fictions & Micro-drama（中国式霸总小说&短剧） 1845 (He Yunfeng)[[Media:Chinese_Bossy_Fictions_and_Microdramas.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 229: Jingdezhen Porcelain(Xiao Luyu)[[Media:Jingdezhen Porcelain.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 230: Gayageum（伽倻琴）(Zhang Meiling)<br />
#Topic 231: The plague and couplet in Chinese garden(Wang Yuxin)<br />
#Topic 232: Sun Wukong(Li Yuan)<br />
#Topic 234: Dragon Lantern Dance(Jin Yichen)[[Media:Jin Yichen Dragon Lantern Dance.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 235: Bamboo Weaving(Chen Anqi)<br />
#Topic 236: Landscapes and Tourism: Harbin Ice and Snow World(Xu Xinwen)<br />
<br />
==Please enroll in ai platform==<br />
Please enroll (register) in the platform https://dcg.de/ai/<br />
<br />
=HOLIDAY Session 11 Fri May 02 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
劳动节5月1日——5月5日<br />
<br />
=Session 12 Tue May 06 10:00-11:40 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
#Topic 238: Three Famous Chinese Mountains(Liu Chang)<br />
#Topic 239: Female emperor-Wu Zetian(女皇武则天)(Song Xin) [[Media:Wu Zetian.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 240: Clay sculpture (泥塑）(Chen Lin)[[Media:Clay Sculpture.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 242: Hunan Rice Noodles(Gong Wei)[[Media:Hunan Rice Noodles.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 244: Chinese Popular Memes(中国网络流行热梗）(Xiao Yikang)[[Media:Chinese popular Memes.pptx]] <br />
#Topic 245: Douzhi (豆汁)(Li Linyao)[[Media:Douzhi.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 246: New Year Wood-block Paintings(Du Yuan)<br />
#Topic 247: Carved lacquer（雕漆）(Liu Qi)[[Media:Carved lacquer.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 237: Braised Chicken Rice (黄焖鸡米饭-Huang Men Ji Mifan)(Li Zihan)<br />
<br />
==Regarding Wu Zetian‘s blank Steele==<br />
关于武则天的“无字碑”（又称“无字碑记”）为何没有刻字，学界和民间流传着几种主要的假设：<br />
#功过自有后人评说（最广为流传）：武则天希望后世自己来评价她的一生，不愿由自己或当时的人定论。这种说法强调了她的自信与超越常规。<br />
#避讳批评或争议：武则天是中国历史上唯一的女皇帝，争议颇多。她可能认为无论写什么内容都容易引发非议，因此选择不刻字以避免争议。<br />
#彰显佛教思想：她信奉佛教，而佛教讲究“空”与“无”，无字碑可能象征“空性”或“无常”，体现她的宗教哲学。<br />
#未来自我书写：也有人猜测她原计划晚年或死前再刻碑文，但去世后未及实现，遂留下空碑。<br />
#彰显权力与独特性：无字碑作为一种非同寻常的表达形式，也可视为权力和个性的象征，显示她与众不同的统治地位。<br />
<br />
⸻<br />
<br />
English Translation:<br />
<br />
There are several main hypotheses about why Wu Zetian’s stele (often called the “Wordless Stele”) bears no inscription:<br />
#“Let future generations judge” (most popular view): Wu Zetian may have wanted her life and legacy to be judged by later generations rather than writing her own praise. This interpretation highlights her confidence and forward-thinking.<br />
#To avoid criticism or controversy: As the only female emperor in Chinese history, Wu Zetian was a controversial figure. She may have felt that any written content could provoke criticism, so she left it blank.<br />
#Reflecting Buddhist philosophy: A devout Buddhist, she may have chosen to leave the stele blank as a symbol of “emptiness” or impermanence, ideas central to Buddhist thought.<br />
#Intended to write later: Some believe she planned to inscribe it later in life but passed away before doing so, leaving the monument unfinished.<br />
#Symbol of power and uniqueness: A blank stele could also serve as a unique and powerful statement, emphasizing her exceptional status and breaking with traditional forms.<br />
<br />
=Session 13 Fri May 09 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
#Topic 248: Jing Gang Mountain (井冈山）(Yu Jingfang) [[Media:Jing_Gang_Mountain_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 251: Rice noodle roll (Li Mingfeng)[[Media:Rice_Noodle_Roll.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 252: Traditional Cuisine: Northeastern Chinese Cuisine (Liu Shutian)<br />
#Topic 253: Yuelu Mountain (Chen Ting)<br />
#Topic 254: Traditional Crafts：Tie-Dye (Zhang Qi)[[Media:Traditional Crafts Tie-Dye.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 255: Chinese-style sun protection (Zhao Yashi)<br />
#Topic 256: Danmu（弹幕）(Zhou Le)[[Media:Danmu.pptx]]<br />
#Topic 259: Female Writers: Zhang Ailing, Chen Ping, Lin Yihan and Li Bihua (Zhou Tianyi)<br />
#Topic 214: Luban China's inventor (Cai Yichun)<br />
<br />
=Session 14 Fri May 23 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
<br />
=Session 15 Fri May 30 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
279. Huo Qubing （霍去病） Luo Jingyan<br />
端午节5月31日——6月2日<br />
<br />
=Session 16 Fri Jun 28 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Final Exam=<br />
Please write your paper here: [[Fuyang Cuisine-Gelatiao]]</div>Fu Sihuihttps://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Chinese_Language_and_Culture,_Spring_2025&diff=165733Chinese Language and Culture, Spring 20252025-03-13T08:50:04Z<p>Fu Sihui: /* Session 04 Fri Mar 14 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations */</p>
<hr />
<div>Welcome to our course website [[Chinese Language and Culture, Spring 2025]]!<br />
<br />
=Session 1 Fri Feb 21 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Organizational issues=<br />
<br />
==What we learn in this class==<br />
*We learn about Chinese culture from international, especially Western perspective. <br />
*We learn about cultural phenomena, traditional Chinese culture.<br />
*We learn English and Chinese terminology in the area of Chinese culture.<br />
*We learn to think critically about cultural traditions and to appreciate the benefits from cultural traditions.<br />
*We learn how to determine the location and role of Chinese culture within global culture.<br />
*We learn basics of theories and models of intercultural communication and comparison.<br />
*We learn the appreciate and respect the diversity of multipolar cultures and of integration.<br />
*We become aware of the dangers of cultural discrimination (colonialism, religious missions, imperialism etc.).<br />
<br />
==Students' contribution==<br />
*Every student needs to prepare the 1-2 textbook texts of the respective chapters in the textbook ahead each week of class. <br />
*Every student selects a topic, prepares 2 ppt presentations of 15 min. (one without AI, one with AI, and please indicate references and an AI statement at the end of the presentation) and a mentimeter.com quiz for everybody to take live in class with results shown after all will have answered. The topics and contents of the sessions are determined by the selection of the students.<br />
*For the final exam, you write another chapter of the textbook in both Chinese and English, with "Terms and Expressions", References, Questions and Answers, Statement regarding AI<br />
<br />
==Textbook==<br />
You will receive the textbook for our class. We need a volunteer who integrates the last 92 new chapters into the word file. After tha, you will receive an updated version of the textbook. There are more than 200 topics of our textbook. Here you find all topics in the order of the book and with the names of the students who will translate the chapters into Chinese. Please select two topics by writing your name behind it and by setting it in '''bold'''. These topics will be presented in the form of a powerpoint presentation.<br />
<br />
==Agreement on use of classroom time==<br />
Should we read the texts in class or should the students read the text ahead of class (especially learning the terms and expressions) and come to class prepared? How should we use our classroom time? (presentations, quizzes, discussions, exercise to translate adhoc an unknown text from the same area)<br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
==Homework for every session==<br />
Please prepare the topics of the following session by reading the respective texts in the textbook (if you have not much time, you can read it in Chinese), learn the vocabulary and make yourself familiar with the questions asked under the text.<br />
<br />
==Teacher presentation: Introduction to Culture==<br />
[[Media:01_Chin_Lang_Cult_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
<br />
==Homework for Session 2==<br />
Please register on the Wiki and wait for the teacher to approve. You can click on http://bit.ly/WIKIREG, then input two times your pinyin name for username and real name in the way "Wang Jianguo", type in some info about yourself and submit the form with accepting the terms and conditions as well as typing in the captcha password "wikicaptcha". More detailed instructions for registration you find in the powerpoint presentation which you can download from here ("Teacher presentation"). <br />
<br />
Please select one of the following chapters of our textbook by writing your name behind the topic to give a 20 minute presentation on plus a MikeCRM quiz: The first three presenters will have to present next week!<br />
<br />
1. Geographic Nature as a Basis for Cultural Development 17<br />
<br />
2. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Chinese Marriage Customs 22<br />
<br />
3. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Habits, Ways of Contacting 31<br />
<br />
4. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Marriage-Accompanying Songs in Hunan 40<br />
<br />
5. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Crying Marriage of Tujia 49<br />
<br />
6. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China 63<br />
<br />
7. Animals: Panda 71 <br />
<br />
8. Architecture 78<br />
<br />
9. Architecture: The Forbidden City 89<br />
<br />
10. Architecture: Four Famous Bridges 102<br />
<br />
11. Architecture: Four Great Pavilions 113<br />
<br />
12. Architecture: Shengjing Imperial Palace 124<br />
<br />
13. Architecture: Three Great Towers in China 131<br />
<br />
14. Architecture: Fengshui in Chinese Architecture 145 <br />
<br />
15. Army and weapons: Chinese Ancient Weapons 154<br />
<br />
16. Army and weapons: Terracotta Army 163<br />
<br />
17. Astrology: Chinese Astrology 170<br />
<br />
18. Astrology: Calendar, The 24 Solar Terms 178<br />
<br />
19. Astrology: Twelve Animals of the Chinese Zodiac 188<br />
<br />
20. Beverages: Milk Tea 197<br />
<br />
21. Beverages: Tea 203 (Zhang Mai)<br />
<br />
22. Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China 209<br />
<br />
23. Body movement performance: Chinese Lion Dancing 218<br />
<br />
24. Body movement performance: Stilts 223<br />
<br />
25. Body movement performance: Traditional Chinese Dance 230<br />
<br />
26. Chinese Writing: Ancient Writing and Painting Tool, Writing Brush 236<br />
<br />
27. Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 246 (Tang Yan)<br />
<br />
28. Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy 252<br />
<br />
29. Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 262<br />
<br />
30. Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts 276<br />
<br />
31. Clothing: Chinese Clothing 283<br />
<br />
32. Clothing: Batik (Lanran) 291<br />
<br />
33. Clothing: Cheongsam 301 <br />
<br />
34. Confucianism: Confucian Culture 309 <br />
<br />
35. Confucianism: Chinese Traditional Culture-Five Constant Virtues 324<br />
<br />
36. Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Confucius and Confucianism 332<br />
<br />
37. Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Reading The Analects 339 <br />
<br />
38. Education: Ancient Chinese Education 350<br />
<br />
39. Education: Historical Figures, The Four Talented Women of Ancient China 361<br />
<br />
40. Education: Modern Chinese Education System 371<br />
<br />
41. Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties 386<br />
<br />
42. Education: Yuelu Academy (One of the Four Most Prestigious Academies) 395<br />
<br />
43. Facial Make-up 406<br />
<br />
44. Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up 413<br />
<br />
45. Facial Make-up: Face Changing in Sichuan Opera 431<br />
<br />
46. Fine Arts: Painting 440<br />
<br />
47. Fine Arts: Bada Shanren and Qi Baishi 445<br />
<br />
48. Fine Arts: Painting Riverside Scene at Tomb Sweeping Day 452<br />
<br />
49. Fine Arts: Seal-cutting 459<br />
<br />
50. Games: Go 围棋 462（Zhao Qi）<br />
<br />
51. Games: Kite Flying 468<br />
<br />
52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play 476（Jiang Ziqiang）<br />
<br />
53. Garden Culture: Gardens 505<br />
<br />
54. Garden Culture: Bonsai (Penjing) 511<br />
<br />
55. Garden Culture: The Summer Palace 519（Li Mei）<br />
<br />
56. Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden 526<br />
<br />
57. Gender: Wu Zetian: The Only Female Emperor of Imperial China 535<br />
<br />
58. History: Carl and Cixi 548<br />
<br />
59. Interieur: The Folding Screen 552<br />
<br />
60. Landscapes and Tourism: Four Buddhist Shrines 561<br />
<br />
61. Landscapes and Tourism: Four State-Level Cultural Relics 573<br />
<br />
62. Landscapes and Tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains 585<br />
<br />
63. Landscapes and Tourism: Mogao Grottoes 593<br />
<br />
64. Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai 606（Qin Yi)<br />
<br />
65. Landscapes and Tourism: Canal Culture：The Grand Canal（The Peking-Hangzhou Grand Canal） 621<br />
<br />
66. Landscapes and Tourism: The Ancient Tea Horse Road 635<br />
<br />
67. Landscapes and Tourism: Tourism, Nanking-An Ancient Capital of Six Dynasties 642<br />
<br />
68. Language: Chinese Language 649<br />
<br />
69. Language: Chinese Dialects 660<br />
<br />
70. Language: Chinese Folk Argot 669<br />
<br />
71. Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Classical Fairy Tales 681<br />
<br />
72. Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Mythology 688<br />
<br />
73. Literature: Ancient literature - Classical Literature 699<br />
<br />
74. Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China 706<br />
<br />
75. Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China 715<br />
<br />
76. Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 725 (Duan Binyao)<br />
<br />
77. Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas 748<br />
<br />
78. Literature: Ancient literature: Yuefu 765<br />
<br />
79. Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 773 <br />
<br />
80. Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations 780<br />
<br />
81. Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 786<br />
<br />
82. Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 794<br />
<br />
83. Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 823<br />
<br />
84. Literature: Modern Literature 832<br />
<br />
85. Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 841（Miao Yunlong）<br />
<br />
86. Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 848<br />
<br />
87. Literature: Contemporary Literature 859<br />
<br />
88. Martial Arts: Huo Yuanjia 865<br />
<br />
89. Martial Arts: Qigong 868<br />
<br />
90. Martial Arts: Taiji (Tai Chi) Shadow Boxing 873<br />
<br />
91. Martial Arts: Wushu 885<br />
<br />
92. Martial Arts: Frolics of the Five Animals (Wuqinxi) 890<br />
<br />
93. Medicine: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) 900 <br />
<br />
94. Medicine: TCM - Acupuncture and Moxibustion 907<br />
<br />
95. Medicine: TCM - Diagnosis and Pharmacology 912<br />
<br />
96. Medicine: TCM - The Development of Chinese Medicine 917<br />
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97. Medicine: TCM – The Chinese Medical Sage Zhang Zhongjing 924<br />
<br />
98. Minority cultures: Lisu People and Daogan Festival of Lisu Ethnic Minority 934<br />
<br />
99. Minority cultures: The Ethnic Minorities’ Costumes 941<br />
<br />
100. Money culture: Currency, Jiaozi (A Paper Currency in Northern Song Dynasty) 952<br />
<br />
101. Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money 962 (Xu Yangyang)<br />
<br />
102. Music and instruments: Guzheng 975<br />
<br />
103. Music and instruments: Pipa 986<br />
<br />
104. Mythology: Gods and Immortals 996<br />
<br />
105. Mythology: Huli-jing 1005<br />
<br />
106. National Symbols: National Anthem 1018<br />
<br />
107. National Symbols: National Flag 1026 （Liao Zuoyun）<br />
<br />
108. Opera: Peking Opera 1035<br />
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109. Opera: Peking Opera Acrobatics 1043<br />
<br />
110. Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 1050 (Dai shiru)<br />
<br />
111. Opera: Tea-picking Opera 1055<br />
<br />
112. Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 1064<br />
<br />
113. Philosophical Schools: Four Main Philosophical Schools 1076<br />
<br />
114. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy – Daoism 1087<br />
<br />
115. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading Tao Te Ching 1093<br />
<br />
116. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Sutra of Hui-neng 1099<br />
<br />
117. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Importance of Living 1106<br />
<br />
118. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Legalism 1119<br />
<br />
119. Philosophy: Chinese Traditional Cultivation Culture 1129<br />
<br />
120. Religion: Traditional Chinese Funeral Culture 1141<br />
<br />
121. Religion: Buddhism 1155<br />
<br />
122. Religion: Daoism 1170<br />
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123. Religion: Christianity 1175<br />
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124. Religion: Islam 1181<br />
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125. Science and Technology: Ancient Science and Technology 1185<br />
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126. Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions 1191 (Yang Yue2)<br />
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127. Science and Technology: Compass 1217<br />
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128. Science and Technology: TikTok (Douyin) 1226<br />
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129. Science and Technology: Three Giant Home Appliance Enterprises In China 1235<br />
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130. Science and Technology: Four Domestic Mobile Phone Companies 1257<br />
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131. Silk and porcelain: Silk 1272 (Fei Xinyu)<br />
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132. Silk and porcelain: Porcelain 1277<br />
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133. Silk and porcelain: Celadon and Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 1283(Wang Huaixing)<br />
<br />
134. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zhang Qian and the Silk Road 1291<br />
<br />
135. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He and the Maritime Silk Road 1296<br />
<br />
136. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He's Voyages 1300<br />
<br />
137. Social: The Long-life Lock 1308<br />
<br />
138. Social: Round Table Culture 1317 (Wu Jiating)<br />
<br />
139. Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 1325<br />
<br />
140. Stage entertainment: Shadow Play 1332<br />
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141. Traditional Crafts: Carving 1340<br />
<br />
142. Traditional Crafts: Chinese Jade Culture 1348<br />
<br />
143. Traditional Crafts: Cloisonne 1363 <br />
<br />
144. Traditional Crafts: Embroidery 1369<br />
<br />
145. Traditional Crafts: Shu Embroidery (Sichuan Embroidery) 1373 <br />
<br />
146. Traditional Crafts: Xiang Embroidery 1386（Zhang Huifang）<br />
<br />
147. Traditional Crafts: Folk Art - Chinese Paper-cutting 1400<br />
<br />
148. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Chinese Knots 1409<br />
<br />
149. Traditional Crafts: Lacquerware 1418<br />
<br />
150. Traditional Crafts: The Kingfisher Craft点翠 1423<br />
<br />
151. Traditional Cuisine: Chinese Dining Etiquette 1436<br />
<br />
152. Traditional Cuisine: Chopsticks 1450<br />
<br />
153. Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China 1456 (Zheng Kaiwu)<br />
<br />
154. Traditional Cuisine: Four Distinct Regional Cuisines 1473<br />
<br />
155. Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan 1480(Liu Peini)<br />
<br />
<br />
156. Traditional Cuisine: Tanghulu, Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick 1491(Xiao Zixin)<br />
<br />
157. Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot 1501 (Cao Chunyang)<br />
<br />
158. Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking 1508<br />
<br />
159. Traditional Cuisine: Two Famous Dishes 1514<br />
<br />
160. Traditional Festivals 1518……<br />
<br />
161. Traditional Festivals: Lattice on Ancient Chinese Windows 1525<br />
<br />
162. Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 1538<br />
<br />
163. Westernization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 1544<br />
<br />
164. Westernization: The Westernization Movement 1550<br />
<br />
165. Worship: Chinese Incense Culture 1558<br />
<br />
166. Economy: Chinese Currency Changes 1569<br />
<br />
167. History: Wang Shouren 1573 Lv Jiahao<br />
<br />
168. Martial Arts: Chinese Swordsman Spirit 1582<br />
<br />
169. Cuisine: Luosifen 1593 <br />
<br />
170. Fine Arts: Chinese Paper Cutting 1601 <br />
<br />
171. Science and Technology: Taobao(淘宝) 1611<br />
<br />
172. Traditional Craft: Bronze 1623<br />
<br />
173. Entertainment: Deyunshe 德云社 1631<br />
<br />
174. Traditional Cuisine: Jiaozi 1644 （Liu Pei）<br />
<br />
175. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: the Photo Retouching Culture in China 1655<br />
<br />
176. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Oil-paper Umbrella 1664 <br />
<br />
177. stage entertainment:Yuan drama 1676<br />
<br />
178. Music and instruments: Erhu 1685<br />
<br />
179. Traditional and Modern Views on Marriage and Love 1694 <br />
<br />
180. Traditional Cuisine: Tangyuan 1701<br />
<br />
181. Animals：Golden Monkey 1712（Xiao Yawen）<br />
<br />
182. Chinese Economy: rich businessmen 1719 (Fu Sihui)<br />
<br />
183. Opera: Chinese Local Operas 1727 （Wang Xinyu）<br />
<br />
184. The Chinese tradition of ancestor worship 1740<br />
<br />
185. Opera: Huangmei opera 1752 （Chu Hanqi）<br />
<br />
186. The “reference” of Chinese Music 1759<br />
<br />
187. Chinese Folk Art:Lion Dance 1767<br />
<br />
188. Science and Technology: Mobile Games（手游） 1783(Du JIangping)<br />
<br />
189. Clothing: Vintage Clothing 1790.(Chen Sisi)<br />
<br />
190. Fine arts:Kunqu Opera 1798<br />
<br />
191. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Culture of Flowers 1807 (Qiu Ping）<br />
<br />
192. National Belief: the Chinese Dream 1818<br />
<br />
193. Science and Technology: Buytogether（PDD) 1825(Qi Zhiyang)<br />
<br />
194. Aesthetic ideals and social customs：Marriage and Burial Customs of Tujia People 1845<br />
<br />
195. Sports: Cuju (蹴鞠) 1845 （Ouyang Yihong)<br />
<br />
196. Science and Technology: The culture of Chinese Electric Vehicles 中国电动汽车 1845（Geng Hongmei)<br />
<br />
197. Chinese tradition culture: The culture of Ronghua—Velvet Flowers 绒花 1845 <br />
<br />
198. Stage entertainment: Northeast Errenzhuan (二人转) 1845<br />
<br />
199. Traditional Crafts: Dough Sculpture 面塑 1845<br />
<br />
200. Nanchang Relic Museum for Haihun Principality of Han Dynasty 1845 <br />
<br />
201. The culture of Grass cloth 夏布 1845 <br />
<br />
202. The Legend of Zhen Huan 《甄嬛传》 1845 (Xiang Jianning)<br />
<br />
203. Chinese horror movies 中式恐怖片 1845 (Zhang Jiaxin)<br />
<br />
204. Stand-up comedy 单口喜剧 1845（Huang Sinan）<br />
<br />
205. Bride-price（彩礼） 1845 <br />
<br />
206. Chinese science fiction movies 中国科幻片 1845<br />
<br />
207. Shandong cuisine鲁菜 1845(Lu Wei)<br />
<br />
208. Chinese traditional ornament: Buyao （步摇） 1845 <br />
<br />
209. Tofu meatball with pig blood (猪血丸子) 1845 （Li Ting2）<br />
<br />
210. Sunzi’s Art of War: Source for All Books on War (孙子兵法) 1845<br />
<br />
211. The Temple of Heaven：Reverence with Awe and Gratitude（天坛） 1845<br />
<br />
212. Education：training Schools （教育：补习班） 1845 (Huang Yixuan2)<br />
<br />
213. Chinese Dreamcore (中式梦核) 1845 (Zhang Zixi)<br />
<br />
214. Lu Ban, China’s inventor（中国发明家——鲁班） 1845<br />
<br />
215. Live Streaming E-commerce（直播电商） 1845 (Tao Yao)<br />
<br />
216. The Story of Ming Lan（知否知否，应是绿肥红瘦） 1845 (Ye Sitong)<br />
<br />
217. Cha Bai Xi/Tea Latte Art (茶百戏) 1845 （Yang Jiahong2)<br />
<br />
218. Guangdong Herbal tea（广东凉茶） 1845(Gao Xiaoqing)<br />
<br />
219. Chinese traditional art form：Seal carving（篆刻） 1845(Huang Qiaoqiao)<br />
<br />
220. Rice cake (年糕) 1845 （Dong Jiating）<br />
<br />
221. Zhongyuan festival 1845 （Ou Huang）<br />
<br />
222. Dulong: Facial tattoo (独龙族：纹面) 1845<br />
<br />
223. The Return of the Pearl Princess（还珠格格） 1845 （Lu Jiahui）<br />
<br />
224. Chinese Food：Jiangxi Cuisine（赣菜） 1845 (Liao Dan)<br />
<br />
225. "Cun Chao": China's village football league（“村超”：中国乡村足球联赛） 1845 (Shen Shuai)<br />
<br />
226. Landscapes and Tourism: Junshan Island (君山岛) 1845<br />
<br />
227. Chinese Bossy Fictions & Micro-drama（中国式霸总小说&短剧） 1845 (He Yunfeng)<br />
<br />
228. Chinese Traditional Medicine (中医药）——— Mortise and Tenon Joint（榫卯结构） 1845<br />
<br />
229. Jingdezhen Porcelain 1845 (Xiao Luyu)<br />
<br />
230. Gayageum（伽倻琴） 1845 (Zhang Meiling)<br />
<br />
231. The plaque and couplet in Chinese garden（园林匾额对联） 1845 (Wang Yuxin)<br />
<br />
232. Sun Wukong（孙悟空） 1845 （Li Yuan2）<br />
<br />
233. Traditional Chinese Pigments（中国传统颜料） 1845 (Cao Yuan)<br />
<br />
234. Dragon Lantern Dance（舞龙灯） 1845 （Jin Yichen）<br />
<br />
235. Bamboo Weaving (竹编） 1845 (Chen Anqi)<br />
<br />
236. Landscapes and Tourism: Harbin Ice and Snow World (冰雪大世界) 1845 (Xu Xinwen)<br />
<br />
237. Braised Chicken Rice (黄焖鸡米饭-Huang Men Ji Mifan) 1845 （Li Zihan2）<br />
<br />
238. Three Famous Chinese Mountains(中国三山) 1845（Liu Chang）<br />
<br />
239. Female Emperor---Wu Zetian 1845 (Song Xin)<br />
<br />
240. Clay sculpture (泥塑） 1845 (Chen Lin)<br />
<br />
241. Abacus (中国珠算） 1845<br />
<br />
242. Hunan Rice Noodles（湖南米粉） 1845 (Gong Wei)<br />
<br />
243. Chinese name（中国姓名文化） 1845 <br />
<br />
244. Chinese popular viral memes (中国网络社交媒体“热梗”） 1845(Xiao Yikang)<br />
<br />
245. Douzhi (豆汁) 1845(Li Linyao) <br />
<br />
246. New Year Wood-block Paintings (木版年画） 1845（Du Yuan）<br />
<br />
247. Carved lacquer（雕漆） 1845 （Liu Qi）<br />
<br />
248. Jing Gang Mountain (井冈山） 1845 （Yu Jingfang）<br />
<br />
249. Intangible Cultural Heritage: Tongguan Kiln （铜官窑） 1845<br />
<br />
250. Language: Hakka Dialect（客家话） 1845<br />
<br />
251. Rice noodle roll（肠粉） 1845 ( Li Mingfeng )<br />
<br />
252. Traditional Cuisine: Northeastern Chinese Cuisine(东北菜） 1845（Liu Shutian）<br />
<br />
253. Yuelu Mountain (岳麓山) 1845（Chen Ting）<br />
<br />
254. Traditional Crafts：Tie-Dye（扎染） 1845（Zhang Qi）<br />
<br />
255. Chinese-style sun protection (中式防晒） 1845（Zhao Yashi）<br />
<br />
256. Danmu (弹幕） 1845 (Zhou Le)<br />
<br />
257. Yangshao Culture（仰韶文化） 1845<br />
<br />
258. Indigo Dyeing (蓝染) 1845（Yang Jing)<br />
<br />
259. Female Writers: Zhang Ailing, Chen Ping, Lin Yihan and Li Bihua 1845 (Zhou Tianyi)<br />
<br />
<br />
260. Wedding dress in the Song Dynasty (宋代婚服) 1845 (Liu Chao) <br />
<br />
261. The cultural idea oft he great unification in ancient China (中国古代的大一统文化思想) 1845<br />
<br />
262. The Four Pillars of Destiny (八字) (Li Jiayi) 1845 <br />
<br />
263. Shaolin Temple (少林寺) 1845 (Zuo Fang)<br />
<br />
264. Single bamboo drifting（独竹漂） 1845<br />
<br />
265. Cuisine: Changde spicy salted duck 酱板鸭传说的由来 1845 （Xing Xueqing）<br />
<br />
266. Hui Culture (徽文化) 1845(Liu Jianan)<br />
<br />
267. Ma Zu Culture (妈祖文化) 1845 (Yan Jidong)<br />
<br />
268. Table Manners 1845（Luo Yan）<br />
<br />
269. Music of the Mongol nationality (蒙古族音乐) 1845<br />
<br />
270. The Yingge Dance（英歌舞） 1845 （Jiang Xinyue)<br />
<br />
271. Palace Lantern（宫灯） 1845 （Shao Keyuan）<br />
<br />
272. Chinese Term of Endearment（中国亲昵称谓） 1845 (Zeng Zhi）<br />
<br />
273. Changsha Stinky Tofu（长沙臭豆腐) 1845(Luo Sicheng)<br />
<br />
274. God of Wealth(财神) 1845 <br />
<br />
275. Zhuazhou（抓周） 1845 （Zeng Xiaohui）<br />
<br />
276. Nail art（美甲） 1845 （Luo Jiaxin）<br />
277. Mirror (镜子) 1845 (Cheng Sixiang) <br />
<br />
278. The Beef Board Noodle (牛肉板面) 1845(Yan Xiang)<br />
<br />
279. Huo Qubing (霍去病） 1845 （Luo Jingyan）<br />
<br />
280. Chinese Courtyard Houses（中国四合院） 1845 (Guo Cili)<br />
<br />
281. Music and instruments: Yangqin（扬琴） 1845（Dai Yexun）<br />
<br />
282. Black Myth: Wukong（黑神话 悟空） 1845 (Chen Zhen)<br />
<br />
283. Guangdong Morning Tea Culture （广东早茶文化） 1845 （Zheng Jinlian）<br />
<br />
=Session 02 Fri Feb 28 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
==Teacher presentation: Introduction to Culture==<br />
[[Media:02_Chin_Lang_Cult_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
<br />
==Topics for today==<br />
Please copy and paste your presentation topic, your name here and add your powerpoint file (size limit 10 MB)<br />
<br />
You need to copy all the topics for the whole semester to the sessions NOW. If you do not do it sufficiently in advance, how can the fellow students prepare the texts?<br />
<br />
Please remember that you have to indicate the 10 topics for Friday on the course website under "Session 2" with the topic name, student name, powerpoint uploaded (max size 10 MB), all presentations will be each on 1 topic only and cannot exceed 5 minutes. They have to be interactive and helpful from the perspective of an interpreter or translator who needs to prepare his/her work on this topic.<br />
<br />
27. Chinese Calligraphy (Tang Yan)<br />
<br />
52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play 476（Jiang Ziqiang）[[Media:Mahjong-Jiang_Ziqiang.pptx]]<br />
<br />
55. Garden Culture: The Summer Palace 519（Li Mei）[[Media:The Summer Palace - Li Mei.pptx]]<br />
<br />
76. Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 725 (Duan Binyao) [[Media:Duan_Binyao_-76Su_Shi_and_Delegation_Literature.pptx]]<br />
<br />
85. Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Miao Yunlong)[[Media:Qian_Zhongshu_Miao_Yunlong.pptx]]<br />
<br />
Tea Latte Art (Xiang Jianning)<br />
<br />
Topic 7<br />
<br />
Topic 8<br />
<br />
Topic 9<br />
<br />
Topic 10<br />
<br />
=Session 03 Fri Mar 07 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
==Presentations==<br />
1. Topic 21: Beverages: Tea 203 (Zhang Mai) [[Media:Tea_Spring_2025.pptx]] 86<br />
<br />
2. Topic 64: Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai 606 (Qin Yi) [[Media:Mount_Tai_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
<br />
3. Topic 101. Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money 962 (Xu Yangyang) [[Media:Lucky_Money_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
<br />
4. Topic 107:National Symbols: Culture of the National Flag 1026 （Liao Zuoyun）[[Media:Culture_of_the_National_Flag_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
<br />
5. Topic 155:Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan 1480 (Liu Peini) [[Media:Wuhan_Breakfast_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
<br />
6. Topic 157:Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot 1501 (Cao Chunyang) <br />
<br />
7. Topic 126: China's four new inventions 1191(Yang Yue2).) [[Media:China's_Four_Great_New_Inventions_Spring_2025.pdf]]<br />
<br />
==Notes on presentations==<br />
Most students did not do their homework. 素质 in Chinese and international culture. Taking over responsibility. Being independent. Making sure that things run. Taking care of others. Not to do the homework in time (displaying the 13 presentations of each session) has disadvantages also for the other students, who cannot prepare.<br />
<br />
1. 14:43-49 Only Chinese tradition explained, not Indian, Egyptian etc. "Black tea" (in English all "hong cha" is called "black tea"), British tea culture (add milk)<br />
<br />
2. 14:55-15:00 Personal origin: Shandong, personal experience: climbed Mount Tai 4 times, Sacrificial Culture, Culture of Literati, Folk Belief: God of Mount Tai, Blue Rosy Cloud Fairy; Spiritual Symbolism<br />
<br />
3. 15:04-15:10 Legend, Tradition and Contrast, Significance; Sui Monster ya sui qian; contrast in the West: Giving money as a present is considered not as good as a present itself, giving money in an envelope has the bad taste of bribing (transparency.org); in China you can even go to the temple and pray for money<br />
<br />
4. 15:29-15:34 historical details of design, red meaning “stop” internationally, “achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation” (maybe a newer concept than the flag?), connection with earlier historical flags and other flags like of the communist movement, North Korea, ancient Soviet Union <br />
<br />
5. 15:41-15:46 dialect terms (don’t use pinyin), analogy, breakfast is one of the most resilient cultural elements a person sticks to, guozao, 热干面, missing: characteristics like that it needs to be prepared quickly because the tradition of the dock workers<br />
<br />
6. 15:56-16:01 hot pot history originated in China (?), regional differences within China 87<br />
<br />
7. 16:02-16:06 4 new inventions - not explained that these inventions were invented in other countries. 86<br />
<br />
==Student grades: 平时成绩/签到==<br />
<br />
=Session 04 Fri Mar 14 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
1.Topic 260：Wedding Dress in the Song Dynasty(Liu Chao)[[Media:Wedding Dress in the Song Dynasty .pptx]]<br />
2.Topic 146: Traditional crafts: Xiang embroidery 1386(Zhang Huifang) [[Media:Hunan_embroidery_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
3.Topic 153. Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China 1456 (Zheng Kaiwu)<br />
4.Topic 233. Traditional Chinese Pigments (Cao Yuan)<br />
5. Topic 182. Chinese Economy: rich businessmen (Fu Sihui)<br />
<br />
=Session 05 Fri Mar 21 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
131.Silk and porcelain: Silk (Fei Xinyu)<br />
<br />
=Session 06 Fri Mar 28 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
=HOLIDAY Session 07 Fri Apr 04 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
清明节4月4日——4月6日<br />
=Session 08 Fri Apr 11 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
183 Chinese Local Operas-Gan opera （Wang Xinyu）<br />
185 Huangmei opera （Chu Hanqi）<br />
<br />
=Session 09 Fri Apr 18 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
<br />
=Session 10 Fri Apr 25 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
242. Hunan Rice Noodles (湖南米粉） 1845 (Gong Wei)<br />
167. History: Wang Shouren 1573 (Lv Jiahao)<br />
240. Clay sculpture (泥塑） 1845 (Chen Lin)<br />
219. Chinese traditional art form：Seal carving（篆刻） 1845(Huang Qiaoqiao)<br />
<br />
=HOLIDAY Session 11 Fri May 02 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
劳动节5月1日——5月5日<br />
=Session 12 Fri May 09 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
<br />
=Session 13 Fri May 16 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
231. The plaque and couplet in Chinese garden（园林匾额对联）Wang Yuxin<br />
<br />
=Session 14 Fri May 23 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
<br />
=Session 15 Fri May 30 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
279. Huo Qubing （霍去病） Luo Jingyan<br />
端午节5月31日——6月2日<br />
<br />
=Session 16 Fri Jun 28 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Final Exam=<br />
Please write your paper here: [[Chin_Lang_Cult_Fin_Exam_Spring_2025]]</div>Fu Sihuihttps://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Chinese_Language_and_Culture,_Spring_2025&diff=165489Chinese Language and Culture, Spring 20252025-02-28T03:09:20Z<p>Fu Sihui: /* Homework for every session */</p>
<hr />
<div>--[[User:Miao Yunlong|Miao Yunlong]] ([[User talk:Miao Yunlong|talk]]) 13:12, 24 February 2025 (UTC)[[Media:Example.ogg]]Welcome to our course website [[Chinese Language and Culture, Spring 2025]]!<br />
<br />
=Session 1 Fri Feb 21 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Organizational issues=<br />
<br />
==What we learn in this class==<br />
*We learn about Chinese culture from international, especially Western perspective. <br />
*We learn about cultural phenomena, traditional Chinese culture.<br />
*We learn English and Chinese terminology in the area of Chinese culture.<br />
*We learn to think critically about cultural traditions and to appreciate the benefits from cultural traditions.<br />
*We learn how to determine the location and role of Chinese culture within global culture.<br />
*We learn basics of theories and models of intercultural communication and comparison.<br />
*We learn the appreciate and respect the diversity of multipolar cultures and of integration.<br />
*We become aware of the dangers of cultural discrimination (colonialism, religious missions, imperialism etc.).<br />
<br />
==Students' contribution==<br />
*Every student needs to prepare the 1-2 textbook texts of the respective chapters in the textbook ahead each week of class. <br />
*Every student selects a topic, prepares 2 ppt presentations of 15 min. (one without AI, one with AI, and please indicate references and an AI statement at the end of the presentation) and a mentimeter.com quiz for everybody to take live in class with results shown after all will have answered. The topics and contents of the sessions are determined by the selection of the students.<br />
*For the final exam, you write another chapter of the textbook in both Chinese and English, with "Terms and Expressions", References, Questions and Answers, Statement regarding AI<br />
<br />
==Textbook==<br />
You will receive the textbook for our class. We need a volunteer who integrates the last 92 new chapters into the word file. After tha, you will receive an updated version of the textbook. There are more than 200 topics of our textbook. Here you find all topics in the order of the book and with the names of the students who will translate the chapters into Chinese. Please select two topics by writing your name behind it and by setting it in '''bold'''. These topics will be presented in the form of a powerpoint presentation.<br />
<br />
==Agreement on use of classroom time==<br />
Should we read the texts in class or should the students read the text ahead of class (especially learning the terms and expressions) and come to class prepared? How should we use our classroom time? (presentations, quizzes, discussions, exercise to translate adhoc an unknown text from the same area)<br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
<nowiki>[[Media:Insert non-formatted text here<br />
</nowiki>==Homework for every session==<br />
Please prepare the topics of the following session by reading the respective texts in the textbook (if you have not much time, you can read it in Chinese), learn the vocabulary and make yourself familiar with the questions asked under the text.<br />
<br />
<nowiki>Insert non-formatted text here</nowiki>==Teacher presentation: Introduction to Culture==<br />
[[Media:01_Chin_Lang_Cult_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
<br />
[[File:Example.jpg]]==Homework for Session 2==<br />
Please register on the Wiki and wait for the teacher to approve. You can click on http://bit.ly/WIKIREG, then input two times your pinyin name for username and real name in the way "Wang Jianguo", type in some info about yourself and submit the form with accepting the terms and conditions as well as typing in the captcha password "wikicaptcha". More detailed instructions for registration you find in the powerpoint presentation which you can download from here ("Teacher presentation"). <br />
<br />
Please select one of the following chapters of our textbook by writing your name behind the topic to give a 20 minute presentation on plus a MikeCRM quiz: The first three presenters will have to present next week!<br />
<br />
1. Geographic Nature as a Basis for Cultural Development 17<br />
<br />
2. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Chinese Marriage Customs 22<br />
<br />
3. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Habits, Ways of Contacting 31<br />
<br />
4. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Marriage-Accompanying Songs in Hunan 40<br />
<br />
5. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Crying Marriage of Tujia 49<br />
<br />
6. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China 63<br />
<br />
7. Animals: Panda 71 <br />
<br />
8. Architecture 78<br />
<br />
9. Architecture: The Forbidden City 89<br />
<br />
10. Architecture: Four Famous Bridges 102<br />
<br />
11. Architecture: Four Great Pavilions 113<br />
<br />
12. Architecture: Shengjing Imperial Palace 124<br />
<br />
13. Architecture: Three Great Towers in China 131<br />
<br />
14. Architecture: Fengshui in Chinese Architecture 145 <br />
<br />
15. Army and weapons: Chinese Ancient Weapons 154<br />
<br />
16. Army and weapons: Terracotta Army 163<br />
<br />
17. Astrology: Chinese Astrology 170<br />
<br />
18. Astrology: Calendar, The 24 Solar Terms 178<br />
<br />
19. Astrology: Twelve Animals of the Chinese Zodiac 188<br />
<br />
20. Beverages: Milk Tea 197<br />
<br />
21. Beverages: Tea 203<br />
<br />
22. Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China 209<br />
<br />
23. Body movement performance: Chinese Lion Dancing 218<br />
<br />
24. Body movement performance: Stilts 223<br />
<br />
25. Body movement performance: Traditional Chinese Dance 230<br />
<br />
26. Chinese Writing: Ancient Writing and Painting Tool, Writing Brush 236<br />
<br />
27. Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 246 (Tang Yan)<br />
<br />
28. Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy 252<br />
<br />
29. Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 262<br />
<br />
30. Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts 276<br />
<br />
31. Clothing: Chinese Clothing 283<br />
<br />
32. Clothing: Batik (Lanran) 291<br />
<br />
33. Clothing: Cheongsam 301 <br />
<br />
34. Confucianism: Confucian Culture 309<br />
<br />
35. Confucianism: Chinese Traditional Culture-Five Constant Virtues 324<br />
<br />
36. Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Confucius and Confucianism 332<br />
<br />
37. Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Reading The Analects 339 <br />
<br />
38. Education: Ancient Chinese Education 350<br />
<br />
39. Education: Historical Figures, The Four Talented Women of Ancient China 361<br />
<br />
40. Education: Modern Chinese Education System 371<br />
<br />
41. Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties 386<br />
<br />
42. Education: Yuelu Academy (One of the Four Most Prestigious Academies) 395<br />
<br />
43. Facial Make-up 406<br />
<br />
44. Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up 413<br />
<br />
45. Facial Make-up: Face Changing in Sichuan Opera 431<br />
<br />
46. Fine Arts: Painting 440<br />
<br />
47. Fine Arts: Bada Shanren and Qi Baishi 445<br />
<br />
48. Fine Arts: Painting Riverside Scene at Tomb Sweeping Day 452<br />
<br />
49. Fine Arts: Seal-cutting 459<br />
<br />
50. Games: Go 围棋 462<br />
<br />
51. Games: Kite Flying 468<br />
<br />
52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play 476（Jiang Ziqiang）<br />
<br />
53. Garden Culture: Gardens 505<br />
<br />
54. Garden Culture: Bonsai (Penjing) 511<br />
<br />
55. Garden Culture: The Summer Palace 519（Li Mei）<br />
<br />
56. Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden 526<br />
<br />
57. Gender: Wu Zetian: The Only Female Emperor of Imperial China 535<br />
<br />
58. History: Carl and Cixi 548<br />
<br />
59. Interieur: The Folding Screen 552<br />
<br />
60. Landscapes and Tourism: Four Buddhist Shrines 561<br />
<br />
61. Landscapes and Tourism: Four State-Level Cultural Relics 573<br />
<br />
62. Landscapes and Tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains 585<br />
<br />
63. Landscapes and Tourism: Mogao Grottoes 593<br />
<br />
64. Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai 606<br />
<br />
65. Landscapes and Tourism: Canal Culture：The Grand Canal（The Peking-Hangzhou Grand Canal） 621<br />
<br />
66. Landscapes and Tourism: The Ancient Tea Horse Road 635<br />
<br />
67. Landscapes and Tourism: Tourism, Nanking-An Ancient Capital of Six Dynasties 642<br />
<br />
68. Language: Chinese Language 649<br />
<br />
69. Language: Chinese Dialects 660<br />
<br />
70. Language: Chinese Folk Argot 669<br />
<br />
71. Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Classical Fairy Tales 681<br />
<br />
72. Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Mythology 688<br />
<br />
73. Literature: Ancient literature - Classical Literature 699<br />
<br />
74. Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China 706<br />
<br />
75. Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China 715<br />
<br />
76. Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 725 (Duan Binyao)<br />
<br />
77. Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas 748<br />
<br />
78. Literature: Ancient literature: Yuefu 765<br />
<br />
79. Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 773 <br />
<br />
80. Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations 780<br />
<br />
81. Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 786<br />
<br />
82. Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 794<br />
<br />
83. Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 823<br />
<br />
84. Literature: Modern Literature 832<br />
<br />
85. Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 841（Miao Yunlong）<br />
<br />
86. Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 848<br />
<br />
87. Literature: Contemporary Literature 859<br />
<br />
88. Martial Arts: Huo Yuanjia 865<br />
<br />
89. Martial Arts: Qigong 868<br />
<br />
90. Martial Arts: Taiji (Tai Chi) Shadow Boxing 873<br />
<br />
91. Martial Arts: Wushu 885<br />
<br />
92. Martial Arts: Frolics of the Five Animals (Wuqinxi) 890<br />
<br />
93. Medicine: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) 900<br />
<br />
94. Medicine: TCM - Acupuncture and Moxibustion 907<br />
<br />
95. Medicine: TCM - Diagnosis and Pharmacology 912<br />
<br />
96. Medicine: TCM - The Development of Chinese Medicine 917<br />
<br />
97. Medicine: TCM – The Chinese Medical Sage Zhang Zhongjing 924<br />
<br />
98. Minority cultures: Lisu People and Daogan Festival of Lisu Ethnic Minority 934<br />
<br />
99. Minority cultures: The Ethnic Minorities’ Costumes 941<br />
<br />
100. Money culture: Currency, Jiaozi (A Paper Currency in Northern Song Dynasty) 952<br />
<br />
101. Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money 962<br />
<br />
102. Music and instruments: Guzheng 975<br />
<br />
103. Music and instruments: Pipa 986<br />
<br />
104. Mythology: Gods and Immortals 996<br />
<br />
105. Mythology: Huli-jing 1005<br />
<br />
106. National Symbols: National Anthem 1018<br />
<br />
107. National Symbols: National Flag 1026<br />
<br />
108. Opera: Peking Opera 1035<br />
<br />
109. Opera: Peking Opera Acrobatics 1043<br />
<br />
110. Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 1050<br />
<br />
111. Opera: Tea-picking Opera 1055<br />
<br />
112. Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 1064<br />
<br />
113. Philosophical Schools: Four Main Philosophical Schools 1076<br />
<br />
114. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy – Daoism 1087<br />
<br />
115. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading Tao Te Ching 1093<br />
<br />
116. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Sutra of Hui-neng 1099<br />
<br />
117. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Importance of Living 1106<br />
<br />
118. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Legalism 1119<br />
<br />
119. Philosophy: Chinese Traditional Cultivation Culture 1129<br />
<br />
120. Religion: Traditional Chinese Funeral Culture 1141<br />
<br />
121. Religion: Buddhism 1155<br />
<br />
122. Religion: Daoism 1170<br />
<br />
123. Religion: Christianity 1175<br />
<br />
124. Religion: Islam 1181<br />
<br />
125. Science and Technology: Ancient Science and Technology 1185<br />
<br />
126. Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions 1191<br />
<br />
127. Science and Technology: Compass 1217<br />
<br />
128. Science and Technology: TikTok (Douyin) 1226<br />
<br />
129. Science and Technology: Three Giant Home Appliance Enterprises In China 1235<br />
<br />
130. Science and Technology: Four Domestic Mobile Phone Companies 1257<br />
<br />
131. Silk and porcelain: Silk 1272 <br />
<br />
132. Silk and porcelain: Porcelain 1277<br />
<br />
133. Silk and porcelain: Celadon and Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 1283<br />
<br />
134. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zhang Qian and the Silk Road 1291<br />
<br />
135. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He and the Maritime Silk Road 1296<br />
<br />
136. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He's Voyages 1300<br />
<br />
137. Social: The Long-life Lock 1308<br />
<br />
138. Social: Round Table Culture 1317<br />
139. Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 1325<br />
140. Stage entertainment: Shadow Play 1332<br />
<br />
141. Traditional Crafts: Carving 1340<br />
<br />
142. Traditional Crafts: Chinese Jade Culture 1348<br />
143. Traditional Crafts: Cloisonne 1363<br />
<br />
144. Traditional Crafts: Embroidery 1369<br />
<br />
145. Traditional Crafts: Shu Embroidery (Sichuan Embroidery) 1373 <br />
<br />
146. Traditional Crafts: Xiang Embroidery 1386(Zhang Huifang)<br />
<br />
147. Traditional Crafts: Folk Art - Chinese Paper-cutting 1400<br />
<br />
148. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Chinese Knots 1409<br />
<br />
149. Traditional Crafts: Lacquerware 1418<br />
<br />
150. Traditional Crafts: The Kingfisher Craft点翠 1423<br />
<br />
151. Traditional Cuisine: Chinese Dining Etiquette 1436<br />
<br />
152. Traditional Cuisine: Chopsticks 1450<br />
<br />
153. Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China 1456（Xiao Zixin）<br />
<br />
154. Traditional Cuisine: Four Distinct Regional Cuisines 1473<br />
<br />
155. Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan 1480<br />
<br />
156. Traditional Cuisine: Tanghulu, Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick 1491<br />
157. Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot 1501 <br />
<br />
158. Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking 1508<br />
<br />
159. Traditional Cuisine: Two Famous Dishes 1514<br />
<br />
160. Traditional Festivals 1518……<br />
<br />
161. Traditional Festivals: Lattice on Ancient Chinese Windows 1525<br />
<br />
162. Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 1538<br />
<br />
163. Westernization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 1544<br />
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164. Westernization: The Westernization Movement 1550<br />
<br />
165. Worship: Chinese Incense Culture 1558<br />
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166. Economy: Chinese Currency Changes 1569<br />
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167. History: Wang Shouren 1573<br />
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168. Martial Arts: Chinese Swordsman Spirit 1582<br />
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169. Cuisine: Luosifen 1593 （Dong Jiating）<br />
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170. Fine Arts: Chinese Paper Cutting 1601 <br />
<br />
171. Science and Technology: Taobao(淘宝) 1611<br />
<br />
172. Traditional Craft: Bronze 1623<br />
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173. Entertainment: Deyunshe 德云社 1631<br />
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174. Traditional Cuisine: Jiaozi 1644 （Liu Pei）<br />
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175. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: the Photo Retouching Culture in China 1655<br />
<br />
176. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Oil-paper Umbrella 1664 (Tao Yao)<br />
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177. stage entertainment:Yuan drama 1676<br />
<br />
178. Music and instruments: Erhu 1685 （Lu Wei）<br />
<br />
179. Traditional and Modern Views on Marriage and Love 1694<br />
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180. Traditional Cuisine: Tangyuan 1701（Liu Shutian）<br />
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181. Animals：Golden Monkey 1712<br />
<br />
182. Chinese Economy: rich businessmen 1719 (Fu Sihui)<br />
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183. Opera: Chinese Local Operas 1727<br />
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184. The Chinese tradition of ancestor worship 1740<br />
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185. Opera: Huangmei opera 1752<br />
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186. The “reference” of Chinese Music 1759<br />
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187. Chinese Folk Art:Lion Dance 1767<br />
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188. Science and Technology: Mobile Games（手游） 1783<br />
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189. Clothing: Vintage Clothing 1790.(Chen Sisi)<br />
<br />
190. Fine arts:Kunqu Opera 1798<br />
<br />
191. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Culture of Flowers 1807 <br />
<br />
192. National Belief: the Chinese Dream 1818<br />
<br />
193. Science and Technology: Buytogether（PDD) 1825(Qi Zhiyang)<br />
<br />
194. Aesthetic ideals and social customs：Marriage and Burial Customs of Tujia People 1845<br />
<br />
195. Sports: Cuju (蹴鞠) 1845 （Ouyang Yihong)<br />
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196. Science and Technology: The culture of Chinese Electric Vehicles 中国电动汽车 1845<br />
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197. Chinese tradition culture: The culture of Ronghua—Velvet Flowers 绒花 1845 （Chu Hanqi）<br />
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198. Stage entertainment: Northeast Errenzhuan (二人转) 1845<br />
<br />
199. Traditional Crafts: Dough Sculpture 面塑 1845<br />
<br />
200. Nanchang Relic Museum for Haihun Principality of Han Dynasty 1845 （Wang Xinyu）<br />
<br />
201. The culture of Grass cloth 夏布 1845 (Huang Qiaoqiao)<br />
<br />
202. The Legend of Zhen Huan 《甄嬛传》 1845<br />
<br />
203. Chinese horror movies 中式恐怖片 1845 (Zhang Jiaxin)<br />
<br />
204. Stand-up comedy 单口喜剧 1845（Huang Sinan）<br />
<br />
205. Bride-price（彩礼） 1845 （Wu Jiating）<br />
<br />
206. Chinese science fiction movies 中国科幻片 1845<br />
<br />
207. Shandong cuisine鲁菜 1845(Liu Peini)<br />
<br />
208. Chinese traditional ornament: Buyao （步摇） 1845 <br />
<br />
209. Tofu meatball with pig blood (猪血丸子) 1845 （Li Ting2）<br />
<br />
210. Sunzi’s Art of War: Source for All Books on War (孙子兵法) 1845<br />
<br />
211. The Temple of Heaven：Reverence with Awe and Gratitude（天坛） 1845<br />
<br />
212. Education：training Schools （教育：补习班） 1845 (Huang Yixuan)<br />
<br />
213. Chinese Dreamcore (中式梦核) 1845 (Zhang Zixi)<br />
<br />
214. Lu Ban, China’s inventor（中国发明家——鲁班） 1845<br />
<br />
215. Live Streaming E-commerce（直播电商） 1845 (Tao Yao)<br />
<br />
216. The Story of Ming Lan（知否知否，应是绿肥红瘦） 1845 (Ye Sitong)<br />
<br />
217. Cha Bai Xi/Tea Latte Art (茶百戏) 1845 <br />
<br />
218. Guangdong Herbal tea（广东凉茶） 1845(Gao Xiaoqing)<br />
<br />
219. Chinese traditional art form：Seal carving（篆刻） 1845(Huang Qiaoqiao)<br />
<br />
220. Rice cake (年糕) 1845(Li Linyao)<br />
<br />
221. Zhongyuan festival 1845 （Ou Huang）<br />
<br />
222. Dulong: Facial tattoo (独龙族：纹面) 1845<br />
<br />
223. The Return of the Pearl Princess（还珠格格） 1845 （Lu Jiahui）<br />
<br />
224. Chinese Food：Jiangxi Cuisine（赣菜） 1845 (Liao Dan)<br />
<br />
225. "Cun Chao": China's village football league（“村超”：中国乡村足球联赛） 1845 (Shen Shuai)<br />
<br />
226. Landscapes and Tourism: Junshan Island (君山岛) 1845（Liao Zuoyun）<br />
<br />
227. Chinese Bossy Fictions & Micro-drama（中国式霸总小说&短剧） 1845 (He Yunfeng)<br />
<br />
228. Chinese Traditional Medicine (中医药）——— Mortise and Tenon Joint（榫卯结构） 1845<br />
<br />
229. Jingdezhen Porcelain 1845 (Xiao Luyu)<br />
<br />
230. Gayageum（伽倻琴） 1845 (Zhang Meiling)<br />
<br />
231. The plaque and couplet in Chinese garden（园林匾额对联） 1845<br />
<br />
232. Sun Wukong（孙悟空） 1845 （Li Yuan2）<br />
<br />
233. Traditional Chinese Pigments（中国传统颜料） 1845 (Cao Yuan)<br />
<br />
234. Dragon Lantern Dance（舞龙灯） 1845 （Jin Yichen）<br />
<br />
235. Bamboo Weaving (竹编） 1845 (Chen Anqi)<br />
<br />
236. Landscapes and Tourism: Harbin Ice and Snow World (冰雪大世界) 1845 (Xu Xinwen)<br />
<br />
237. Braised Chicken Rice (黄焖鸡米饭-Huang Men Ji Mifan) 1845<br />
<br />
238. Three Famous Chinese Mountains(中国三山) 1845（Liu Chang）<br />
<br />
239. Female Emperor---Wu Zetian 1845 (Song Xin)<br />
<br />
240. Clay sculpture (泥塑） 1845 (Chen Lin)<br />
<br />
241. Abacus (中国珠算） 1845<br />
<br />
242. Hunan Rice Noodles（湖南米粉） 1845 (Gong Wei)<br />
<br />
243. Chinese name（中国姓名文化） 1845 (Yang Jing)<br />
<br />
244. Chinese popular viral memes (中国网络社交媒体“热梗”） 1845(Xiao Yikang)<br />
<br />
245. Douzhi (豆汁) 1845 <br />
<br />
246. New Year Wood-block Paintings (木版年画） 1845（Du Yuan）<br />
<br />
247. Carved lacquer（雕漆） 1845<br />
<br />
248. Jing Gang Mountain (井冈山） 1845 <br />
<br />
249. Intangible Cultural Heritage: Tongguan Kiln （铜官窑） 1845<br />
<br />
250. Language: Hakka Dialect（客家话） 1845<br />
<br />
251. Rice noodle roll（肠粉） 1845 ( Li Mingfeng )<br />
<br />
252. Traditional Cuisine: Northeastern Chinese Cuisine(东北菜） 1845（Liu Shutian）<br />
<br />
253. Yuelu Mountain (岳麓山) 1845（Chen Ting）<br />
<br />
254. Traditional Crafts：Tie-Dye（扎染） 1845（Zhang Qi）<br />
<br />
255. Chinese-style sun protection (中式防晒） 1845（Zhao Yashi）<br />
<br />
256. Danmu (弹幕） 1845 (Zhou Le)<br />
<br />
257. Yangshao Culture（仰韶文化） 1845<br />
<br />
258. Indigo Dyeing (蓝染) 1845<br />
<br />
259. Female Writers: Zhang Ailing, Chen Ping, Lin Yihan and Li Bihua 1845<br />
<br />
260. Wedding dress in the Song Dynasty (宋代婚服) 1845 (Liu Chao) <br />
<br />
261. The cultural idea oft he great unification in ancient China (中国古代的大一统文化思想) 1845<br />
<br />
262. The Four Pillars of Destiny (八字) (Li Jiayi) 1845 <br />
<br />
263. Shaolin Temple (少林寺) 1845<br />
<br />
264. Single bamboo drifting（独竹漂） 1845<br />
<br />
265. Cuisine: Changde spicy salted duck 酱板鸭传说的由来 1845 （Xing Xueqing）<br />
<br />
266. Hui Culture (徽文化) 1845(Liu Jianan)<br />
<br />
267. Ma Zu Culture (妈祖文化) 1845 (Yan Jidong)<br />
<br />
268. Table Manners 1845（Luo Yan）<br />
<br />
269. Music of the Mongol nationality (蒙古族音乐) 1845<br />
<br />
270. The Yingge Dance（英歌舞） 1845 （Jiang Xinyue)<br />
<br />
271. Palace Lantern（宫灯） 1845<br />
<br />
272. Chinese Term of Endearment（中国亲昵称谓） 1845 (Cheng Sixiang)<br />
<br />
273. Changsha Stinky Tofu（长沙臭豆腐) 1845(Luo Sicheng)<br />
<br />
274. God of Wealth(财神) 1845 （Zeng Zhi）<br />
<br />
275. Zhuazhou（抓周） 1845 （Zeng Xiaohui）<br />
<br />
276. Nail art（美甲） 1845 （Luo Jiaxin）<br />
<br />
277. Mirror (镜子) 1845 (Cheng Sixiang)<br />
<br />
278. The Beef Board Noodle (牛肉板面) 1845(Yan Xiang)<br />
<br />
279. Huo Qubing (霍去病） 1845 （Luo Jingyan）<br />
<br />
280. Chinese Courtyard Houses（中国四合院） 1845 (Guo Cili)<br />
<br />
281. Music and instruments: Yangqin（扬琴） 1845（Dai Yexun）<br />
<br />
282. Black Myth: Wukong（黑神话 悟空） 1845 (Chen Zhen)<br />
<br />
283. Guangdong Morning Tea Culture （广东早茶文化） 1845 （Zheng Jinlian）<br />
<br />
=Session 02 Fri Feb 28 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
==Teacher presentation: Introduction to Culture==<br />
[[Media:02_Chin_Lang_Cult_Spring_2025.pptx]]<br />
<br />
==Topics for today==<br />
Please copy and paste your presentation topic, your name here and add your powerpoint file (size limit 10 MB)<br />
<br />
You need to copy all the topics for the whole semester to the sessions NOW. If you do not do it sufficiently in advance, how can the fellow students prepare the texts?<br />
<br />
Please remember that you have to indicate the 10 topics for Friday on the course website under "Session 2" with the topic name, student name, powerpoint uploaded (max size 10 MB), all presentations will be each on 1 topic only and cannot exceed 5 minutes. They have to be interactive and helpful from the perspective of an interpreter or translator who needs to prepare his/her work on this topic.<br />
<br />
<br />
55. Garden Culture: The Summer Palace 519（Li Mei）<br />
[[File:The Summer Palace - Li Mei.pptx]]<br />
<br />
52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play 476（Jiang Ziqiang）[[File:Mahjong-Jiang_Ziqiang.pptx]]<br />
<br />
=Session 03 Fri Mar 07 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
=Session 04 Fri Mar 14 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
=Session 05 Fri Mar 21 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
=Session 06 Fri Mar 28 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
=HOLIDAY Session 07 Fri Apr 04 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
清明节4月4日——4月6日<br />
=Session 08 Fri Apr 11 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
=Session 09 Fri Apr 18 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
=Session 10 Fri Apr 25 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
=HOLIDAY Session 11 Fri May 02 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
劳动节5月1日——5月5日<br />
=Session 12 Fri May 09 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
=Session 13 Fri May 16 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
=Session 14 Fri May 23 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
=Session 15 Fri May 30 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Student presentations=<br />
端午节5月31日——6月2日<br />
=Session 16 Fri Jun 28 12:45-14:15 room 613 - Final Exam=<br />
Please write your paper here: [[Chin_Lang_Cult_Fin_Exam_Spring_2025]]</div>Fu Sihui