https://bou.de/u/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Li+Hong China Studies Wiki - User contributions [en] 2026-04-04T11:14:39Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.35.14 https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153768 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-30T13:04:48Z <p>Li Hong: /* The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> transformation, Taoism, modern times<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Every religion has its own beliefs and teachings, which always vary to guard their unchangeable beliefs. So it is with Taoism. Facing new problems which appear in modern society, Taoists should offer their explanations to their believers according to their beliefs, which is the key to their development in the diversity of the world. Firstly, I tried to list the development of the Taoism before 1978. Secondly, with the ending of political movements, the circle of religion, including Taoism, received a new life. Thirdly, what I tried to conclude are the modern significance of Taoism.<br /> <br /> ===The Development of Taoism before Modern Times===<br /> From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Taoism was formed and established. After hundreds of years of transformation and development, Taoism’s classical doctrines, practices and disciplines became more and more complete, and were recognized by the rulers, thus evolved into a mature orthodox religion.( 洪修平, 2007)<br /> From the Sui and Tang Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, due to the respect of the ruling class, Taoism flourished and had a great social impact. After the late Tang Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty, there were some new changes in Taoism. The main characteristics of Taoism in this period were to promote the integration of three religions and pay attention to the cultivation of inner alchemy.<br /> During the Ming and Qing dynasties, with the late feudal society in China, Taoism was stagnating. In modern China, Taoism inherited the legacy of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and, except for a few periods, remained at low ebb.<br /> <br /> ===The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times===<br /> Under the guidance of the Party and the government’s religious policies in the new era, Chinese Taoism has developed its religious activities, achieved remarkable results in the cultivation of talents, shown prosperity in Taoist research, and actively participated in social welfare and foreign friendly relations, showing an unprecedented new atmosphere. ( 祝逸雯, 2007)<br /> <br /> Cultivation of talents<br /> The Chinese Taoist Association has held five “Taoist knowledge specialization courses” and one “Taoist knowledge refresher course”, training a total of 206 Taoist talents, most of whom have become the backbone of the Taoist community today. In May 1990, China Taoist College was officially established, which is the first modern college in the history of Chinese Taoism, marking a new stage in the cultivation of Taoist talents.( Man Kam Leung,2013) At present, 10 Taoist colleges and universities have been established in the Taoist community nationwide, offering various majors such as sutra lectures, palace management and Taoist medicine and health care, covering three levels: master’s degree, undergraduate degree and specialist degree. The situation that talents in the Taoist community are in short supply has been effectively improved.<br /> <br /> Building cultural self-confidence<br /> In 1987, the Journal of “the Taoist Association” was changed to “China Taoism”, marking the beginning of the Chinese Taoist community’s own cultural research position, while the Taoist associations in Shanghai and Shaanxi also established local publications, such as Shanghai Taoism and Health. In 1989, the Institute of Taoist Culture of the Chinese Taoist Association was established, and a series of achievements were made afterwards, such as “Taoism and Health”, “Taoism and the Hundred Schools of Thought”, and other works were published one after another. <br /> <br /> International Exchange<br /> The Taoist community has actively sent missions to international religious conferences such as the World Conference on Religions and Environmental Protection, the Millennium Congress of Religious and Spiritual Leaders for World Peace, the Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions, the World Conference of Religions for Peace, the Asian Conference of Religions for Peace, and the Congress of the World Alliance of Religious Leaders to voice the advocacies of the Taoist community on issues of environmental protection, religious dialogue, and world peace and equality. Through exchanges and dialogues, Chinese Taoism's advocacy of &quot;natural harmony, human peace, and religious harmony&quot; has been widely recognized by all major religions in the world, contributing to the building of a harmonious world and a community of human destiny.<br /> <br /> ===The modern significance of Taoism===<br /> First, in terms of personal values in life, Taoist culture believes that the value of life does not lie in personal fame and fortune, but in respect for the Tao and its virtues. If everyone adheres to the life principles advocated by Taoist culture, the whole society will be greatly improved, and people’s ideological quality will be greatly enhanced, and we will be freed from the servitude of money, so that we can better exert our individual intelligence and wisdom, and promote the harmonious development of society.<br /> Second, in terms of interpersonal relationships, Taoist culture advocates helping the world, emphasizing mutual help and love among people, and the principle of equal and fair egalitarianism for all.( 卿希泰，2006) If everyone acts in accordance with these ideas of Taoist culture, it will be possible to deal with various social relations between people and make the whole society harmonious and orderly; it will also be possible to deal with the mutual relations between countries, so that the whole world will naturally be at peace.<br /> Third, in terms of the relationship between human beings and nature, Taoist culture starts from the idea of “the unity of heaven and man” and believes that human beings are a part of nature, emphasizing that “the way of the Tao is the way of nature” and “the way of nature cannot be violated.” Therefore, it advocates that man should love and care for nature, live in harmony with nature, and follow the objective laws of nature itself in order to make human society develop sustainably.( Mishra Anish, 2022)<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Taoism is one of the valuable religious cultures in China, and after the founding of New China; the vigorous promotion of religious values has provided an opportunity for the transformation of Taoism. We should inherit and carry forward its good ideas, and help it adapt to modern changes and discover its modern values.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> the unity of heaven and man 天人合一<br /> the way of the Tao is the way of nature 道法自然<br /> the way of nature cannot be violated. 自然之道不可违<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. When was Taoism formed and established?<br /> A. Tang Dynasty<br /> B. Qing Dynasty<br /> C. Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties<br /> <br /> 2. How many Taoist colleges and universities have been established nationwide?<br /> A. 7<br /> B. 8<br /> C. 10<br /> <br /> 3. What aspect are the modern significance of Taoism lie in?<br /> A. personal values in life<br /> B. interpersonal relationships<br /> C. relationship between human beings and nature<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. C<br /> .<br /> 3. A,B,C<br /> .<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school; the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, all of which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> ===Key words===<br /> Chinese Rural Education;Urban-rural Gap<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国农村教育<br /> ===摘要===<br /> 随着中国农村改革和经济的发展，农村教育发生了巨大变化。然而，在经济转型过程中，中国农村教育发展面临着严峻挑战。贫困地区儿童上学困难，农村中小学辍学率较高，城乡教育差距和农村教育投入不足等问题困扰着中国农村教育的健康发展。<br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国农村教育；城乡差距<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> In the 19th Session of National Congress of the Communist Party of China, suggestions were proposed that we should implement the strategy of revitalizing the countryside and that priority should be given to the development of education and to promote the integrated development of urban and rural compulsory education, especially the importance of rural compulsory education. It means rural education is a big thing and it is a concern for the Party and the people. Rural education aims to spread knowledge and shape civilized countryside, and is the fundamental way to stop the intergenerational transmission of poverty and help rural areas get out of poverty and become rich. However, there are still many problems in Chinese rural education. Hu Pingping (2021:3-4) points out that the existing problems of rural education in China are: insufficient comprehensive quality training for rural students, low increase in rural education funding and resources, serious teacher mobility from rural schools, and loss of high-quality students.<br /> ===Insufficient Comprehensive Quality Training for Rural Students===<br /> The connotation of comprehensive education is that education is an inalienable right for all students, and it promotes students’ all-round development, and focuses on cultivating the spirit of innovation and practical ability. But in the practice of comprehensive education in rural areas, many schools emphasize the concept that rural education is about national college entrance examination (Gao Kao), about getting out of the mountains, and that Gao Kao is the only way for rural students to get rid of the status quo in poor areas. In the current situation of education in China, rural students are in greater need of comprehensive quality, because they are born in a more deprived environment than in urban areas. Many rural students have some very typical shortcomings, such as fear of expression and low self-esteem, lack of knowledge about health and hygiene, cooperation skills, and leadership skills. Teaching rural students to apply their knowledge and problem-solving skills is the real goal of education.<br /> ===Low Increase in Rural Education Funding and Resources===<br /> Due to the low level of urbanization, more than 60 percent of China’s population live in rural areas. In 2001, the number of students in rural elementary school accounted for 68.6 percent of the number of students in elementary school nationwide, and the number of students in rural junior high schools accounted for 48.5 percent of the number of students in junior high schools nationwide. Over the same period, the average cost per student in rural elementary school was 3,604 yuan in Shanghai, which was the highest, and 472 yuan in Henan, which was the lowest; the average cost per student in rural junior high schools was 4,047 yuan in Shanghai, which is the highest, and 604 yuan in Guizhou, which is the lowest (Wang Dewen, 2003).<br /> ===Serious Teacher Mobility from Rural Schools===<br /> For the mobility or attrition of teachers, foreign scholars often use some concepts, which include teacher turnover (Grissmer,D.,&amp;Kirby,S.,1997,99(1):45-56), teaching mobility (teacher migration) or teacher attrition (Luekens,M.T.,Lyter,D.M.,&amp;Fox,E.E.,2000). For a long time, the main reasons for the massive attrition of rural teachers in China are as follows: First, the influence of traditional cultural concepts. For a long time, the overall status of teachers in China is not high, and the community has questions about the nature of teachers’ work, especially the survival of rural primary and secondary school teachers is not good, and their political status is not high. Second, the reward and evaluation system is inadequate. Rural teachers' life and work are very stressful and there is no good channel to relieve them, coupled with the fact that various communication and evaluation mechanisms are rigid, single, and do not reflect the people-oriented thinking, which results in teachers' low motivation, and their disproportionate efforts and rewards (Su Pengju et al., 2022).<br /> ===Solutions to Chinese rural education===<br /> 1.We should pay attention to the cultivation of the comprehensive quality. In addition to learning activities such as training, education, communication settings, it is important to note these activities on the form, content innovation, which can be modeled on the practice by taking “tutorial system”, case teaching, the expert guidance of admissions related ability literacy such as public relations ability, file processing ability training, ability of data analysis, etc (Yichen Yang,2022:108).<br /> <br /> 2.We should improve the fiscal and taxation system and strengthen the legal system to guarantee national investment in compulsory education in rural areas. The salaries of rural primary and secondary school teachers are shared by the central government, provinces, municipalities and counties, and are managed by the counties in order to reduce the financial burden on townships.<br /> <br /> 3.Using Maslow’s theory of motivation, teachers need to be well motivated and motivation is a prominent key in learning because its impulses the teaching (Akumawah Solange Lum,2020:68). We should reform the hiring system and teacher salary system of rural education by establishing a teacher hiring system and a teaching quality monitoring mechanism.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Education is designed to act as a slipway, launching students into the wider world in the expectation that the currents will guide them into a job. But access to education is shockingly uneven, with a vast gulf of quality between urban and rural ones. Thus, the analysis of Chinese rural education is important, which can help students in Chinese rural areas have access to quality education and have a promising future.<br /> ===References===<br /> [1]Akumawah Solange Lum.A Study on the Factors Affecting the Professional Development of Public Secondary School Teachers in Rural Areas in Cameroon.2020.浙江师范大学,MA thesis.<br /> <br /> [2]Grissmer,D.,&amp;Kirby,S.Teacher turnover and teacher quality.Teachers College Record.1997,99(1) : 45-56．<br /> <br /> [3]Hu Pingping胡平平.&quot;中国农村教育质量现状与建议&quot;. [The Current Situation and Suggestions of Education Quality in Chinese Rural Areas]中国教育财政政策咨询报告补充版（2015-2019）.Ed.北京大学中国教育财政科学研究所. , 2021, 1098-1099.<br /> <br /> [4]Luekens,M.T.,Lyter,D.M.,&amp; Fox,E. E. Teacher attrition and mobility: Results from the Teacher Follow-up Survey,2000-02(NCES 20040301).Washington,DC:U.S.Department of Education,National Center for Education Statistics.<br /> <br /> [5]Su Pengju, Zhang Bin, Wang Haifu苏鹏举,张斌,王海福.新时期我国农村师资流动及流失问题研究[Research on the Flow and Loss of Rural teachers in China in the New Era][J].黑龙江教师发展学院学报,2020,39(07):29-33.<br /> <br /> [6]Wang Dewen王德文.中国农村义务教育:现状、问题和出路[Chinese Compulsory Education in Rural Areas: Current Situation, Problems and Solutions][J].中国农村经济,2003(11):4-11.<br /> <br /> [7]Yichen Yang. How to Integrate the Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of Senior High Schools with the College Entrance Examination in China-Localization research of Comprehensive Quality Evaluation in Senior High Schools from the Perspective of Sino-American Comparison[J]. Journal of Educational Research and Policies, 2022, 4(7).<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> urban-rural gap 城乡差距<br /> <br /> comprehensive quality 素质教育<br /> <br /> teacher turnover 教师离职<br /> <br /> teacher mobility 教师流动<br /> <br /> teacher migration 教师移民<br /> <br /> teacher attrition 教师流失<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.What’s the problems Chinese rural education faces?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.insufficient comprehensive quality training <br /> <br /> B.low increase in rural education funding and resources<br /> <br /> C.serious teacher mobility from rural schools<br /> <br /> D.loss of high-quality students<br /> <br /> 2.How do foreign scholars describe the phenomenon of teacher mobility?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.teacher turnover <br /> <br /> B.teacher mobility <br /> <br /> C.teacher attrition <br /> <br /> D.teacher leaver<br /> <br /> 3.What’s the connotation of comprehensive education?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.Comprehensive education is an inalienable right for all students.<br /> <br /> B.Comprehensive education promotes students’ all-round development.<br /> <br /> C.Comprehensive education focuses on cultivating the spirit of innovation and practical ability.<br /> <br /> D.Comprehensive education brings students happiness.<br /> <br /> 4.What’s the function of rural education?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.bridging the gap between students in urban and rural areas<br /> <br /> B.spreading knowledge<br /> <br /> C.shaping civilized countryside<br /> <br /> D.improving our country<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> <br /> 1.ABCD<br /> <br /> 2.ABC<br /> <br /> 3.ABC<br /> <br /> 4.BC<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153761 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-30T12:57:00Z <p>Li Hong: /* Introduction */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> transformation, Taoism, modern times<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Every religion has its own beliefs and teachings, which always vary to guard their unchangeable beliefs. So it is with Taoism. Facing new problems which appear in modern society, Taoists should offer their explanations to their believers according to their beliefs, which is the key to their development in the diversity of the world. Firstly, I tried to list the development of the Taoism before 1978. Secondly, with the ending of political movements, the circle of religion, including Taoism, received a new life. Thirdly, what I tried to conclude are the modern significance of Taoism.<br /> <br /> ===The Development of Taoism before Modern Times===<br /> From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Taoism was formed and established. After hundreds of years of transformation and development, Taoism’s classical doctrines, practices and disciplines became more and more complete, and were recognized by the rulers, thus evolved into a mature orthodox religion.( 洪修平, 2007)<br /> From the Sui and Tang Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, due to the respect of the ruling class, Taoism flourished and had a great social impact. After the late Tang Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty, there were some new changes in Taoism. The main characteristics of Taoism in this period were to promote the integration of three religions and pay attention to the cultivation of inner alchemy.<br /> During the Ming and Qing dynasties, with the late feudal society in China, Taoism was stagnating. In modern China, Taoism inherited the legacy of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and, except for a few periods, remained at low ebb.<br /> <br /> ===The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times===<br /> In 1978, the Party Central Committee began a comprehensive effort to set things right. Under the guidance of the Party and the government’s religious policies in the new era, Chinese Taoism has developed its religious activities, achieved remarkable results in the cultivation of talents, shown prosperity in Taoist research, and actively participated in social welfare and foreign friendly relations, showing an unprecedented new atmosphere.( 祝逸雯, 2007)<br /> Cultivation of talents<br /> The Chinese Taoist Association has held five “Taoist knowledge specialization courses” and one “Taoist knowledge refresher course”, training a total of 206 Taoist talents, most of whom have become the backbone of the Taoist community today. In May 1990, China Taoist College was officially established, which is the first modern college in the history of Chinese Taoism, marking a new stage in the cultivation of Taoist talents.( Man Kam Leung,2013) At present, 10 Taoist colleges and universities have been established in the Taoist community nationwide, offering various majors such as sutra lectures, palace management and Taoist medicine and health care, covering three levels: master’s degree, undergraduate degree and specialist degree. The situation that talents in the Taoist community are in short supply has been effectively improved.<br /> Building cultural self-confidence<br /> In 1987, the Journal of “the Taoist Association” was changed to “China Taoism”, marking the beginning of the Chinese Taoist community’s own cultural research position, while the Taoist associations in Shanghai and Shaanxi also established local publications, such as Shanghai Taoism and Health. In 1989, the Institute of Taoist Culture of the Chinese Taoist Association was established, and a series of achievements were made afterwards, such as “Taoism and Health”, “Inroduction to Taoism”, “Taoism and the Hundred Schools of Thought”, “Materials on the History of Taoism”, and other works were published one after another. <br /> International Exchange<br /> The Taoist community has actively sent missions to international religious conferences such as the World Conference on Religions and Environmental Protection, the Millennium Congress of Religious and Spiritual Leaders for World Peace, the Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions, the World Conference of Religions for Peace, the Asian Conference of Religions for Peace, and the Congress of the World Alliance of Religious Leaders to voice the advocacies of the Taoist community on issues of environmental protection, religious dialogue, and world peace and equality. Through exchanges and dialogues, Chinese Taoism's advocacy of &quot;natural harmony, human peace, and religious harmony&quot; has been widely recognized by all major religions in the world, contributing to the building of a harmonious world and a community of human destiny.<br /> <br /> ===The modern significance of Taoism===<br /> First, in terms of personal values in life, Taoist culture believes that the value of life does not lie in personal fame and fortune, but in respect for the Tao and its virtues. If everyone adheres to the life principles advocated by Taoist culture, the whole society will be greatly improved, and people’s ideological quality will be greatly enhanced, and we will be freed from the servitude of money, so that we can better exert our individual intelligence and wisdom, and promote the harmonious development of society.<br /> Second, in terms of interpersonal relationships, Taoist culture advocates helping the world, emphasizing mutual help and love among people, and the principle of equal and fair egalitarianism for all.( 卿希泰，2006) If everyone acts in accordance with these ideas of Taoist culture, it will be possible to deal with various social relations between people and make the whole society harmonious and orderly; it will also be possible to deal with the mutual relations between countries, so that the whole world will naturally be at peace.<br /> Third, in terms of the relationship between human beings and nature, Taoist culture starts from the idea of “the unity of heaven and man” and believes that human beings are a part of nature, emphasizing that “the way of the Tao is the way of nature” and “the way of nature cannot be violated.” Therefore, it advocates that man should love and care for nature, live in harmony with nature, and follow the objective laws of nature itself in order to make human society develop sustainably.( Mishra Anish, 2022)<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Taoism is one of the valuable religious cultures in China, and after the founding of New China; the vigorous promotion of religious values has provided an opportunity for the transformation of Taoism. We should inherit and carry forward its good ideas, and help it adapt to modern changes and discover its modern values.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> the unity of heaven and man 天人合一<br /> the way of the Tao is the way of nature 道法自然<br /> the way of nature cannot be violated. 自然之道不可违<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. When was Taoism formed and established?<br /> A. Tang Dynasty<br /> B. Qing Dynasty<br /> C. Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties<br /> <br /> 2. How many Taoist colleges and universities have been established nationwide?<br /> A. 7<br /> B. 8<br /> C. 10<br /> <br /> 3. What aspect are the modern significance of Taoism lie in?<br /> A. personal values in life<br /> B. interpersonal relationships<br /> C. relationship between human beings and nature<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. C<br /> .<br /> 3. A,B,C<br /> .<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school; the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, all of which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> ===Key words===<br /> Chinese Rural Education;Urban-rural Gap<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国农村教育<br /> ===摘要===<br /> 随着中国农村改革和经济的发展，农村教育发生了巨大变化。然而，在经济转型过程中，中国农村教育发展面临着严峻挑战。贫困地区儿童上学困难，农村中小学辍学率较高，城乡教育差距和农村教育投入不足等问题困扰着中国农村教育的健康发展。<br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国农村教育；城乡差距<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> In the 19th Session of National Congress of the Communist Party of China, suggestions were proposed that we should implement the strategy of revitalizing the countryside and that priority should be given to the development of education and to promote the integrated development of urban and rural compulsory education, especially the importance of rural compulsory education. It means rural education is a big thing and it is a concern for the Party and the people. Rural education aims to spread knowledge and shape civilized countryside, and is the fundamental way to stop the intergenerational transmission of poverty and help rural areas get out of poverty and become rich. However, there are still many problems in Chinese rural education. Hu Pingping (2021:3-4) points out that the existing problems of rural education in China are: insufficient comprehensive quality training for rural students, low increase in rural education funding and resources, serious teacher mobility from rural schools, and loss of high-quality students.<br /> ===Insufficient Comprehensive Quality Training for Rural Students===<br /> The connotation of comprehensive education is that education is an inalienable right for all students, and it promotes students’ all-round development, and focuses on cultivating the spirit of innovation and practical ability. But in the practice of comprehensive education in rural areas, many schools emphasize the concept that rural education is about national college entrance examination (Gao Kao), about getting out of the mountains, and that Gao Kao is the only way for rural students to get rid of the status quo in poor areas. In the current situation of education in China, rural students are in greater need of comprehensive quality, because they are born in a more deprived environment than in urban areas. Many rural students have some very typical shortcomings, such as fear of expression and low self-esteem, lack of knowledge about health and hygiene, cooperation skills, and leadership skills. Teaching rural students to apply their knowledge and problem-solving skills is the real goal of education.<br /> ===Low Increase in Rural Education Funding and Resources===<br /> Due to the low level of urbanization, more than 60 percent of China’s population live in rural areas. In 2001, the number of students in rural elementary school accounted for 68.6 percent of the number of students in elementary school nationwide, and the number of students in rural junior high schools accounted for 48.5 percent of the number of students in junior high schools nationwide. Over the same period, the average cost per student in rural elementary school was 3,604 yuan in Shanghai, which was the highest, and 472 yuan in Henan, which was the lowest; the average cost per student in rural junior high schools was 4,047 yuan in Shanghai, which is the highest, and 604 yuan in Guizhou, which is the lowest (Wang Dewen, 2003).<br /> ===Serious Teacher Mobility from Rural Schools===<br /> For the mobility or attrition of teachers, foreign scholars often use some concepts, which include teacher turnover (Grissmer,D.,&amp;Kirby,S.,1997,99(1):45-56), teaching mobility (teacher migration) or teacher attrition (Luekens,M.T.,Lyter,D.M.,&amp;Fox,E.E.,2000). For a long time, the main reasons for the massive attrition of rural teachers in China are as follows: First, the influence of traditional cultural concepts. For a long time, the overall status of teachers in China is not high, and the community has questions about the nature of teachers’ work, especially the survival of rural primary and secondary school teachers is not good, and their political status is not high. Second, the reward and evaluation system is inadequate. Rural teachers' life and work are very stressful and there is no good channel to relieve them, coupled with the fact that various communication and evaluation mechanisms are rigid, single, and do not reflect the people-oriented thinking, which results in teachers' low motivation, and their disproportionate efforts and rewards (Su Pengju et al., 2022).<br /> ===Solutions to Chinese rural education===<br /> 1.We should pay attention to the cultivation of the comprehensive quality. In addition to learning activities such as training, education, communication settings, it is important to note these activities on the form, content innovation, which can be modeled on the practice by taking “tutorial system”, case teaching, the expert guidance of admissions related ability literacy such as public relations ability, file processing ability training, ability of data analysis, etc (Yichen Yang,2022:108).<br /> <br /> 2.We should improve the fiscal and taxation system and strengthen the legal system to guarantee national investment in compulsory education in rural areas. The salaries of rural primary and secondary school teachers are shared by the central government, provinces, municipalities and counties, and are managed by the counties in order to reduce the financial burden on townships.<br /> <br /> 3.Using Maslow’s theory of motivation, teachers need to be well motivated and motivation is a prominent key in learning because its impulses the teaching (Akumawah Solange Lum,2020:68). We should reform the hiring system and teacher salary system of rural education by establishing a teacher hiring system and a teaching quality monitoring mechanism.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Education is designed to act as a slipway, launching students into the wider world in the expectation that the currents will guide them into a job. But access to education is shockingly uneven, with a vast gulf of quality between urban and rural ones. Thus, the analysis of Chinese rural education is important, which can help students in Chinese rural areas have access to quality education and have a promising future.<br /> ===References===<br /> [1]Akumawah Solange Lum.A Study on the Factors Affecting the Professional Development of Public Secondary School Teachers in Rural Areas in Cameroon.2020.浙江师范大学,MA thesis.<br /> <br /> [2]Grissmer,D.,&amp;Kirby,S.Teacher turnover and teacher quality.Teachers College Record.1997,99(1) : 45-56．<br /> <br /> [3]Hu Pingping胡平平.&quot;中国农村教育质量现状与建议&quot;. [The Current Situation and Suggestions of Education Quality in Chinese Rural Areas]中国教育财政政策咨询报告补充版（2015-2019）.Ed.北京大学中国教育财政科学研究所. , 2021, 1098-1099.<br /> <br /> [4]Luekens,M.T.,Lyter,D.M.,&amp; Fox,E. E. Teacher attrition and mobility: Results from the Teacher Follow-up Survey,2000-02(NCES 20040301).Washington,DC:U.S.Department of Education,National Center for Education Statistics.<br /> <br /> [5]Su Pengju, Zhang Bin, Wang Haifu苏鹏举,张斌,王海福.新时期我国农村师资流动及流失问题研究[Research on the Flow and Loss of Rural teachers in China in the New Era][J].黑龙江教师发展学院学报,2020,39(07):29-33.<br /> <br /> [6]Wang Dewen王德文.中国农村义务教育:现状、问题和出路[Chinese Compulsory Education in Rural Areas: Current Situation, Problems and Solutions][J].中国农村经济,2003(11):4-11.<br /> <br /> [7]Yichen Yang. How to Integrate the Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of Senior High Schools with the College Entrance Examination in China-Localization research of Comprehensive Quality Evaluation in Senior High Schools from the Perspective of Sino-American Comparison[J]. Journal of Educational Research and Policies, 2022, 4(7).<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> urban-rural gap 城乡差距<br /> <br /> comprehensive quality 素质教育<br /> <br /> teacher turnover 教师离职<br /> <br /> teacher mobility 教师流动<br /> <br /> teacher migration 教师移民<br /> <br /> teacher attrition 教师流失<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.What’s the problems Chinese rural education faces?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.insufficient comprehensive quality training <br /> <br /> B.low increase in rural education funding and resources<br /> <br /> C.serious teacher mobility from rural schools<br /> <br /> D.loss of high-quality students<br /> <br /> 2.How do foreign scholars describe the phenomenon of teacher mobility?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.teacher turnover <br /> <br /> B.teacher mobility <br /> <br /> C.teacher attrition <br /> <br /> D.teacher leaver<br /> <br /> 3.What’s the connotation of comprehensive education?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.Comprehensive education is an inalienable right for all students.<br /> <br /> B.Comprehensive education promotes students’ all-round development.<br /> <br /> C.Comprehensive education focuses on cultivating the spirit of innovation and practical ability.<br /> <br /> D.Comprehensive education brings students happiness.<br /> <br /> 4.What’s the function of rural education?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.bridging the gap between students in urban and rural areas<br /> <br /> B.spreading knowledge<br /> <br /> C.shaping civilized countryside<br /> <br /> D.improving our country<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> <br /> 1.ABCD<br /> <br /> 2.ABC<br /> <br /> 3.ABC<br /> <br /> 4.BC<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153759 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-30T12:54:11Z <p>Li Hong: /* Terms and Expressions */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> transformation, Taoism, modern times<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Every religion has its own beliefs and teachings, which always vary to guard their unchangeable beliefs. So it is with Taoism. Facing new problems which appear in modern society, Taoists should offer their explanations to their believers according to their beliefs, which is the key to their development in the diversity of the world. Firstly, I tried to list the development of the Taoism before 1978. Compared with the revival movement of Buddhism, Taoism seemed to have fallen behind a lot. Secondly, with the ending of political movements, the circle of religion, including Taoism, received a new life. Many intellectuals turned themselves to the study of religion, which helped Taoists to rebuild their confidence of beliefs. They began to hold a series of seminars whose subjects concentrated on how to explain traditional Taoist beliefs to serve the modern society. Thirdly, what I tried to conclude are the modern significance of Taoism.<br /> <br /> ===The Development of Taoism before Modern Times===<br /> From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Taoism was formed and established. After hundreds of years of transformation and development, Taoism’s classical doctrines, practices and disciplines became more and more complete, and were recognized by the rulers, thus evolved into a mature orthodox religion.( 洪修平, 2007)<br /> From the Sui and Tang Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, due to the respect of the ruling class, Taoism flourished and had a great social impact. After the late Tang Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty, there were some new changes in Taoism. The main characteristics of Taoism in this period were to promote the integration of three religions and pay attention to the cultivation of inner alchemy.<br /> During the Ming and Qing dynasties, with the late feudal society in China, Taoism was stagnating. In modern China, Taoism inherited the legacy of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and, except for a few periods, remained at low ebb.<br /> <br /> ===The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times===<br /> In 1978, the Party Central Committee began a comprehensive effort to set things right. Under the guidance of the Party and the government’s religious policies in the new era, Chinese Taoism has developed its religious activities, achieved remarkable results in the cultivation of talents, shown prosperity in Taoist research, and actively participated in social welfare and foreign friendly relations, showing an unprecedented new atmosphere.( 祝逸雯, 2007)<br /> Cultivation of talents<br /> The Chinese Taoist Association has held five “Taoist knowledge specialization courses” and one “Taoist knowledge refresher course”, training a total of 206 Taoist talents, most of whom have become the backbone of the Taoist community today. In May 1990, China Taoist College was officially established, which is the first modern college in the history of Chinese Taoism, marking a new stage in the cultivation of Taoist talents.( Man Kam Leung,2013) At present, 10 Taoist colleges and universities have been established in the Taoist community nationwide, offering various majors such as sutra lectures, palace management and Taoist medicine and health care, covering three levels: master’s degree, undergraduate degree and specialist degree. The situation that talents in the Taoist community are in short supply has been effectively improved.<br /> Building cultural self-confidence<br /> In 1987, the Journal of “the Taoist Association” was changed to “China Taoism”, marking the beginning of the Chinese Taoist community’s own cultural research position, while the Taoist associations in Shanghai and Shaanxi also established local publications, such as Shanghai Taoism and Health. In 1989, the Institute of Taoist Culture of the Chinese Taoist Association was established, and a series of achievements were made afterwards, such as “Taoism and Health”, “Inroduction to Taoism”, “Taoism and the Hundred Schools of Thought”, “Materials on the History of Taoism”, and other works were published one after another. <br /> International Exchange<br /> The Taoist community has actively sent missions to international religious conferences such as the World Conference on Religions and Environmental Protection, the Millennium Congress of Religious and Spiritual Leaders for World Peace, the Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions, the World Conference of Religions for Peace, the Asian Conference of Religions for Peace, and the Congress of the World Alliance of Religious Leaders to voice the advocacies of the Taoist community on issues of environmental protection, religious dialogue, and world peace and equality. Through exchanges and dialogues, Chinese Taoism's advocacy of &quot;natural harmony, human peace, and religious harmony&quot; has been widely recognized by all major religions in the world, contributing to the building of a harmonious world and a community of human destiny.<br /> <br /> ===The modern significance of Taoism===<br /> First, in terms of personal values in life, Taoist culture believes that the value of life does not lie in personal fame and fortune, but in respect for the Tao and its virtues. If everyone adheres to the life principles advocated by Taoist culture, the whole society will be greatly improved, and people’s ideological quality will be greatly enhanced, and we will be freed from the servitude of money, so that we can better exert our individual intelligence and wisdom, and promote the harmonious development of society.<br /> Second, in terms of interpersonal relationships, Taoist culture advocates helping the world, emphasizing mutual help and love among people, and the principle of equal and fair egalitarianism for all.( 卿希泰，2006) If everyone acts in accordance with these ideas of Taoist culture, it will be possible to deal with various social relations between people and make the whole society harmonious and orderly; it will also be possible to deal with the mutual relations between countries, so that the whole world will naturally be at peace.<br /> Third, in terms of the relationship between human beings and nature, Taoist culture starts from the idea of “the unity of heaven and man” and believes that human beings are a part of nature, emphasizing that “the way of the Tao is the way of nature” and “the way of nature cannot be violated.” Therefore, it advocates that man should love and care for nature, live in harmony with nature, and follow the objective laws of nature itself in order to make human society develop sustainably.( Mishra Anish, 2022)<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Taoism is one of the valuable religious cultures in China, and after the founding of New China; the vigorous promotion of religious values has provided an opportunity for the transformation of Taoism. We should inherit and carry forward its good ideas, and help it adapt to modern changes and discover its modern values.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> the unity of heaven and man 天人合一<br /> the way of the Tao is the way of nature 道法自然<br /> the way of nature cannot be violated. 自然之道不可违<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. When was Taoism formed and established?<br /> A. Tang Dynasty<br /> B. Qing Dynasty<br /> C. Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties<br /> <br /> 2. How many Taoist colleges and universities have been established nationwide?<br /> A. 7<br /> B. 8<br /> C. 10<br /> <br /> 3. What aspect are the modern significance of Taoism lie in?<br /> A. personal values in life<br /> B. interpersonal relationships<br /> C. relationship between human beings and nature<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. C<br /> .<br /> 3. A,B,C<br /> .<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school; the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, all of which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> ===Key words===<br /> Chinese Rural Education;Urban-rural Gap<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国农村教育<br /> ===摘要===<br /> 随着中国农村改革和经济的发展，农村教育发生了巨大变化。然而，在经济转型过程中，中国农村教育发展面临着严峻挑战。贫困地区儿童上学困难，农村中小学辍学率较高，城乡教育差距和农村教育投入不足等问题困扰着中国农村教育的健康发展。<br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国农村教育；城乡差距<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> In the 19th Session of National Congress of the Communist Party of China, suggestions were proposed that we should implement the strategy of revitalizing the countryside and that priority should be given to the development of education and to promote the integrated development of urban and rural compulsory education, especially the importance of rural compulsory education. It means rural education is a big thing and it is a concern for the Party and the people. Rural education aims to spread knowledge and shape civilized countryside, and is the fundamental way to stop the intergenerational transmission of poverty and help rural areas get out of poverty and become rich. However, there are still many problems in Chinese rural education. Hu Pingping (2021:3-4) points out that the existing problems of rural education in China are: insufficient comprehensive quality training for rural students, low increase in rural education funding and resources, serious teacher mobility from rural schools, and loss of high-quality students.<br /> ===Insufficient Comprehensive Quality Training for Rural Students===<br /> The connotation of comprehensive education is that education is an inalienable right for all students, and it promotes students’ all-round development, and focuses on cultivating the spirit of innovation and practical ability. But in the practice of comprehensive education in rural areas, many schools emphasize the concept that rural education is about national college entrance examination (Gao Kao), about getting out of the mountains, and that Gao Kao is the only way for rural students to get rid of the status quo in poor areas. In the current situation of education in China, rural students are in greater need of comprehensive quality, because they are born in a more deprived environment than in urban areas. Many rural students have some very typical shortcomings, such as fear of expression and low self-esteem, lack of knowledge about health and hygiene, cooperation skills, and leadership skills. Teaching rural students to apply their knowledge and problem-solving skills is the real goal of education.<br /> ===Low Increase in Rural Education Funding and Resources===<br /> Due to the low level of urbanization, more than 60 percent of China’s population live in rural areas. In 2001, the number of students in rural elementary school accounted for 68.6 percent of the number of students in elementary school nationwide, and the number of students in rural junior high schools accounted for 48.5 percent of the number of students in junior high schools nationwide. Over the same period, the average cost per student in rural elementary school was 3,604 yuan in Shanghai, which was the highest, and 472 yuan in Henan, which was the lowest; the average cost per student in rural junior high schools was 4,047 yuan in Shanghai, which is the highest, and 604 yuan in Guizhou, which is the lowest (Wang Dewen, 2003).<br /> ===Serious Teacher Mobility from Rural Schools===<br /> For the mobility or attrition of teachers, foreign scholars often use some concepts, which include teacher turnover (Grissmer,D.,&amp;Kirby,S.,1997,99(1):45-56), teaching mobility (teacher migration) or teacher attrition (Luekens,M.T.,Lyter,D.M.,&amp;Fox,E.E.,2000). For a long time, the main reasons for the massive attrition of rural teachers in China are as follows: First, the influence of traditional cultural concepts. For a long time, the overall status of teachers in China is not high, and the community has questions about the nature of teachers’ work, especially the survival of rural primary and secondary school teachers is not good, and their political status is not high. Second, the reward and evaluation system is inadequate. Rural teachers' life and work are very stressful and there is no good channel to relieve them, coupled with the fact that various communication and evaluation mechanisms are rigid, single, and do not reflect the people-oriented thinking, which results in teachers' low motivation, and their disproportionate efforts and rewards (Su Pengju et al., 2022).<br /> ===Solutions to Chinese rural education===<br /> 1.We should pay attention to the cultivation of the comprehensive quality. In addition to learning activities such as training, education, communication settings, it is important to note these activities on the form, content innovation, which can be modeled on the practice by taking “tutorial system”, case teaching, the expert guidance of admissions related ability literacy such as public relations ability, file processing ability training, ability of data analysis, etc (Yichen Yang,2022:108).<br /> <br /> 2.We should improve the fiscal and taxation system and strengthen the legal system to guarantee national investment in compulsory education in rural areas. The salaries of rural primary and secondary school teachers are shared by the central government, provinces, municipalities and counties, and are managed by the counties in order to reduce the financial burden on townships.<br /> <br /> 3.Using Maslow’s theory of motivation, teachers need to be well motivated and motivation is a prominent key in learning because its impulses the teaching (Akumawah Solange Lum,2020:68). We should reform the hiring system and teacher salary system of rural education by establishing a teacher hiring system and a teaching quality monitoring mechanism.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Education is designed to act as a slipway, launching students into the wider world in the expectation that the currents will guide them into a job. But access to education is shockingly uneven, with a vast gulf of quality between urban and rural ones. Thus, the analysis of Chinese rural education is important, which can help students in Chinese rural areas have access to quality education and have a promising future.<br /> ===References===<br /> [1]Akumawah Solange Lum.A Study on the Factors Affecting the Professional Development of Public Secondary School Teachers in Rural Areas in Cameroon.2020.浙江师范大学,MA thesis.<br /> <br /> [2]Grissmer,D.,&amp;Kirby,S.Teacher turnover and teacher quality.Teachers College Record.1997,99(1) : 45-56．<br /> <br /> [3]Hu Pingping胡平平.&quot;中国农村教育质量现状与建议&quot;. [The Current Situation and Suggestions of Education Quality in Chinese Rural Areas]中国教育财政政策咨询报告补充版（2015-2019）.Ed.北京大学中国教育财政科学研究所. , 2021, 1098-1099.<br /> <br /> [4]Luekens,M.T.,Lyter,D.M.,&amp; Fox,E. E. Teacher attrition and mobility: Results from the Teacher Follow-up Survey,2000-02(NCES 20040301).Washington,DC:U.S.Department of Education,National Center for Education Statistics.<br /> <br /> [5]Su Pengju, Zhang Bin, Wang Haifu苏鹏举,张斌,王海福.新时期我国农村师资流动及流失问题研究[Research on the Flow and Loss of Rural teachers in China in the New Era][J].黑龙江教师发展学院学报,2020,39(07):29-33.<br /> <br /> [6]Wang Dewen王德文.中国农村义务教育:现状、问题和出路[Chinese Compulsory Education in Rural Areas: Current Situation, Problems and Solutions][J].中国农村经济,2003(11):4-11.<br /> <br /> [7]Yichen Yang. How to Integrate the Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of Senior High Schools with the College Entrance Examination in China-Localization research of Comprehensive Quality Evaluation in Senior High Schools from the Perspective of Sino-American Comparison[J]. Journal of Educational Research and Policies, 2022, 4(7).<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> urban-rural gap 城乡差距<br /> <br /> comprehensive quality 素质教育<br /> <br /> teacher turnover 教师离职<br /> <br /> teacher mobility 教师流动<br /> <br /> teacher migration 教师移民<br /> <br /> teacher attrition 教师流失<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.What’s the problems Chinese rural education faces?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.insufficient comprehensive quality training <br /> <br /> B.low increase in rural education funding and resources<br /> <br /> C.serious teacher mobility from rural schools<br /> <br /> D.loss of high-quality students<br /> <br /> 2.How do foreign scholars describe the phenomenon of teacher mobility?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.teacher turnover <br /> <br /> B.teacher mobility <br /> <br /> C.teacher attrition <br /> <br /> D.teacher leaver<br /> <br /> 3.What’s the connotation of comprehensive education?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.Comprehensive education is an inalienable right for all students.<br /> <br /> B.Comprehensive education promotes students’ all-round development.<br /> <br /> C.Comprehensive education focuses on cultivating the spirit of innovation and practical ability.<br /> <br /> D.Comprehensive education brings students happiness.<br /> <br /> 4.What’s the function of rural education?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.bridging the gap between students in urban and rural areas<br /> <br /> B.spreading knowledge<br /> <br /> C.shaping civilized countryside<br /> <br /> D.improving our country<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> <br /> 1.ABCD<br /> <br /> 2.ABC<br /> <br /> 3.ABC<br /> <br /> 4.BC<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153753 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-30T12:48:32Z <p>Li Hong: /* Answers */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> transformation, Taoism, modern times<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Every religion has its own beliefs and teachings, which always vary to guard their unchangeable beliefs. So it is with Taoism. Facing new problems which appear in modern society, Taoists should offer their explanations to their believers according to their beliefs, which is the key to their development in the diversity of the world. Firstly, I tried to list the development of the Taoism before 1978. Compared with the revival movement of Buddhism, Taoism seemed to have fallen behind a lot. Secondly, with the ending of political movements, the circle of religion, including Taoism, received a new life. Many intellectuals turned themselves to the study of religion, which helped Taoists to rebuild their confidence of beliefs. They began to hold a series of seminars whose subjects concentrated on how to explain traditional Taoist beliefs to serve the modern society. Thirdly, what I tried to conclude are the modern significance of Taoism.<br /> <br /> ===The Development of Taoism before Modern Times===<br /> From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Taoism was formed and established. After hundreds of years of transformation and development, Taoism’s classical doctrines, practices and disciplines became more and more complete, and were recognized by the rulers, thus evolved into a mature orthodox religion.( 洪修平, 2007)<br /> From the Sui and Tang Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, due to the respect of the ruling class, Taoism flourished and had a great social impact. After the late Tang Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty, there were some new changes in Taoism. The main characteristics of Taoism in this period were to promote the integration of three religions and pay attention to the cultivation of inner alchemy.<br /> During the Ming and Qing dynasties, with the late feudal society in China, Taoism was stagnating. In modern China, Taoism inherited the legacy of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and, except for a few periods, remained at low ebb.<br /> <br /> ===The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times===<br /> In 1978, the Party Central Committee began a comprehensive effort to set things right. Under the guidance of the Party and the government’s religious policies in the new era, Chinese Taoism has developed its religious activities, achieved remarkable results in the cultivation of talents, shown prosperity in Taoist research, and actively participated in social welfare and foreign friendly relations, showing an unprecedented new atmosphere.( 祝逸雯, 2007)<br /> Cultivation of talents<br /> The Chinese Taoist Association has held five “Taoist knowledge specialization courses” and one “Taoist knowledge refresher course”, training a total of 206 Taoist talents, most of whom have become the backbone of the Taoist community today. In May 1990, China Taoist College was officially established, which is the first modern college in the history of Chinese Taoism, marking a new stage in the cultivation of Taoist talents.( Man Kam Leung,2013) At present, 10 Taoist colleges and universities have been established in the Taoist community nationwide, offering various majors such as sutra lectures, palace management and Taoist medicine and health care, covering three levels: master’s degree, undergraduate degree and specialist degree. The situation that talents in the Taoist community are in short supply has been effectively improved.<br /> Building cultural self-confidence<br /> In 1987, the Journal of “the Taoist Association” was changed to “China Taoism”, marking the beginning of the Chinese Taoist community’s own cultural research position, while the Taoist associations in Shanghai and Shaanxi also established local publications, such as Shanghai Taoism and Health. In 1989, the Institute of Taoist Culture of the Chinese Taoist Association was established, and a series of achievements were made afterwards, such as “Taoism and Health”, “Inroduction to Taoism”, “Taoism and the Hundred Schools of Thought”, “Materials on the History of Taoism”, and other works were published one after another. <br /> International Exchange<br /> The Taoist community has actively sent missions to international religious conferences such as the World Conference on Religions and Environmental Protection, the Millennium Congress of Religious and Spiritual Leaders for World Peace, the Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions, the World Conference of Religions for Peace, the Asian Conference of Religions for Peace, and the Congress of the World Alliance of Religious Leaders to voice the advocacies of the Taoist community on issues of environmental protection, religious dialogue, and world peace and equality. Through exchanges and dialogues, Chinese Taoism's advocacy of &quot;natural harmony, human peace, and religious harmony&quot; has been widely recognized by all major religions in the world, contributing to the building of a harmonious world and a community of human destiny.<br /> <br /> ===The modern significance of Taoism===<br /> First, in terms of personal values in life, Taoist culture believes that the value of life does not lie in personal fame and fortune, but in respect for the Tao and its virtues. If everyone adheres to the life principles advocated by Taoist culture, the whole society will be greatly improved, and people’s ideological quality will be greatly enhanced, and we will be freed from the servitude of money, so that we can better exert our individual intelligence and wisdom, and promote the harmonious development of society.<br /> Second, in terms of interpersonal relationships, Taoist culture advocates helping the world, emphasizing mutual help and love among people, and the principle of equal and fair egalitarianism for all.( 卿希泰，2006) If everyone acts in accordance with these ideas of Taoist culture, it will be possible to deal with various social relations between people and make the whole society harmonious and orderly; it will also be possible to deal with the mutual relations between countries, so that the whole world will naturally be at peace.<br /> Third, in terms of the relationship between human beings and nature, Taoist culture starts from the idea of “the unity of heaven and man” and believes that human beings are a part of nature, emphasizing that “the way of the Tao is the way of nature” and “the way of nature cannot be violated.” Therefore, it advocates that man should love and care for nature, live in harmony with nature, and follow the objective laws of nature itself in order to make human society develop sustainably.( Mishra Anish, 2022)<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Taoism is one of the valuable religious cultures in China, and after the founding of New China; the vigorous promotion of religious values has provided an opportunity for the transformation of Taoism. We should inherit and carry forward its good ideas, and help it adapt to modern changes and discover its modern values.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. When was Taoism formed and established?<br /> A. Tang Dynasty<br /> B. Qing Dynasty<br /> C. Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties<br /> <br /> 2. How many Taoist colleges and universities have been established nationwide?<br /> A. 7<br /> B. 8<br /> C. 10<br /> <br /> 3. What aspect are the modern significance of Taoism lie in?<br /> A. personal values in life<br /> B. interpersonal relationships<br /> C. relationship between human beings and nature<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. C<br /> .<br /> 3. A,B,C<br /> .<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school; the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, all of which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> ===Key words===<br /> Chinese Rural Education;Urban-rural Gap<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国农村教育<br /> ===摘要===<br /> 随着中国农村改革和经济的发展，农村教育发生了巨大变化。然而，在经济转型过程中，中国农村教育发展面临着严峻挑战。贫困地区儿童上学困难，农村中小学辍学率较高，城乡教育差距和农村教育投入不足等问题困扰着中国农村教育的健康发展。<br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国农村教育；城乡差距<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> In the 19th Session of National Congress of the Communist Party of China, suggestions were proposed that we should implement the strategy of revitalizing the countryside and that priority should be given to the development of education and to promote the integrated development of urban and rural compulsory education, especially the importance of rural compulsory education. It means rural education is a big thing and it is a concern for the Party and the people. Rural education aims to spread knowledge and shape civilized countryside, and is the fundamental way to stop the intergenerational transmission of poverty and help rural areas get out of poverty and become rich. However, there are still many problems in Chinese rural education. Hu Pingping (2021:3-4) points out that the existing problems of rural education in China are: insufficient comprehensive quality training for rural students, low increase in rural education funding and resources, serious teacher mobility from rural schools, and loss of high-quality students.<br /> ===Insufficient Comprehensive Quality Training for Rural Students===<br /> The connotation of comprehensive education is that education is an inalienable right for all students, and it promotes students’ all-round development, and focuses on cultivating the spirit of innovation and practical ability. But in the practice of comprehensive education in rural areas, many schools emphasize the concept that rural education is about national college entrance examination (Gao Kao), about getting out of the mountains, and that Gao Kao is the only way for rural students to get rid of the status quo in poor areas. In the current situation of education in China, rural students are in greater need of comprehensive quality, because they are born in a more deprived environment than in urban areas. Many rural students have some very typical shortcomings, such as fear of expression and low self-esteem, lack of knowledge about health and hygiene, cooperation skills, and leadership skills. Teaching rural students to apply their knowledge and problem-solving skills is the real goal of education.<br /> ===Low Increase in Rural Education Funding and Resources===<br /> Due to the low level of urbanization, more than 60 percent of China’s population live in rural areas. In 2001, the number of students in rural elementary school accounted for 68.6 percent of the number of students in elementary school nationwide, and the number of students in rural junior high schools accounted for 48.5 percent of the number of students in junior high schools nationwide. Over the same period, the average cost per student in rural elementary school was 3,604 yuan in Shanghai, which was the highest, and 472 yuan in Henan, which was the lowest; the average cost per student in rural junior high schools was 4,047 yuan in Shanghai, which is the highest, and 604 yuan in Guizhou, which is the lowest (Wang Dewen, 2003).<br /> ===Serious Teacher Mobility from Rural Schools===<br /> For the mobility or attrition of teachers, foreign scholars often use some concepts, which include teacher turnover (Grissmer,D.,&amp;Kirby,S.,1997,99(1):45-56), teaching mobility (teacher migration) or teacher attrition (Luekens,M.T.,Lyter,D.M.,&amp;Fox,E.E.,2000). For a long time, the main reasons for the massive attrition of rural teachers in China are as follows: First, the influence of traditional cultural concepts. For a long time, the overall status of teachers in China is not high, and the community has questions about the nature of teachers’ work, especially the survival of rural primary and secondary school teachers is not good, and their political status is not high. Second, the reward and evaluation system is inadequate. Rural teachers' life and work are very stressful and there is no good channel to relieve them, coupled with the fact that various communication and evaluation mechanisms are rigid, single, and do not reflect the people-oriented thinking, which results in teachers' low motivation, and their disproportionate efforts and rewards (Su Pengju et al., 2022).<br /> ===Solutions to Chinese rural education===<br /> 1.We should pay attention to the cultivation of the comprehensive quality. In addition to learning activities such as training, education, communication settings, it is important to note these activities on the form, content innovation, which can be modeled on the practice by taking “tutorial system”, case teaching, the expert guidance of admissions related ability literacy such as public relations ability, file processing ability training, ability of data analysis, etc (Yichen Yang,2022:108).<br /> <br /> 2.We should improve the fiscal and taxation system and strengthen the legal system to guarantee national investment in compulsory education in rural areas. The salaries of rural primary and secondary school teachers are shared by the central government, provinces, municipalities and counties, and are managed by the counties in order to reduce the financial burden on townships.<br /> <br /> 3.Using Maslow’s theory of motivation, teachers need to be well motivated and motivation is a prominent key in learning because its impulses the teaching (Akumawah Solange Lum,2020:68). We should reform the hiring system and teacher salary system of rural education by establishing a teacher hiring system and a teaching quality monitoring mechanism.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Education is designed to act as a slipway, launching students into the wider world in the expectation that the currents will guide them into a job. But access to education is shockingly uneven, with a vast gulf of quality between urban and rural ones. Thus, the analysis of Chinese rural education is important, which can help students in Chinese rural areas have access to quality education and have a promising future.<br /> ===References===<br /> [1]Akumawah Solange Lum.A Study on the Factors Affecting the Professional Development of Public Secondary School Teachers in Rural Areas in Cameroon.2020.浙江师范大学,MA thesis.<br /> <br /> [2]Grissmer,D.,&amp;Kirby,S.Teacher turnover and teacher quality.Teachers College Record.1997,99(1) : 45-56．<br /> <br /> [3]Hu Pingping胡平平.&quot;中国农村教育质量现状与建议&quot;. [The Current Situation and Suggestions of Education Quality in Chinese Rural Areas]中国教育财政政策咨询报告补充版（2015-2019）.Ed.北京大学中国教育财政科学研究所. , 2021, 1098-1099.<br /> <br /> [4]Luekens,M.T.,Lyter,D.M.,&amp; Fox,E. E. Teacher attrition and mobility: Results from the Teacher Follow-up Survey,2000-02(NCES 20040301).Washington,DC:U.S.Department of Education,National Center for Education Statistics.<br /> <br /> [5]Su Pengju, Zhang Bin, Wang Haifu苏鹏举,张斌,王海福.新时期我国农村师资流动及流失问题研究[Research on the Flow and Loss of Rural teachers in China in the New Era][J].黑龙江教师发展学院学报,2020,39(07):29-33.<br /> <br /> [6]Wang Dewen王德文.中国农村义务教育:现状、问题和出路[Chinese Compulsory Education in Rural Areas: Current Situation, Problems and Solutions][J].中国农村经济,2003(11):4-11.<br /> <br /> [7]Yichen Yang. How to Integrate the Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of Senior High Schools with the College Entrance Examination in China-Localization research of Comprehensive Quality Evaluation in Senior High Schools from the Perspective of Sino-American Comparison[J]. Journal of Educational Research and Policies, 2022, 4(7).<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> urban-rural gap 城乡差距<br /> <br /> comprehensive quality 素质教育<br /> <br /> teacher turnover 教师离职<br /> <br /> teacher mobility 教师流动<br /> <br /> teacher migration 教师移民<br /> <br /> teacher attrition 教师流失<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.What’s the problems Chinese rural education faces?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.insufficient comprehensive quality training <br /> <br /> B.low increase in rural education funding and resources<br /> <br /> C.serious teacher mobility from rural schools<br /> <br /> D.loss of high-quality students<br /> <br /> 2.How do foreign scholars describe the phenomenon of teacher mobility?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.teacher turnover <br /> <br /> B.teacher mobility <br /> <br /> C.teacher attrition <br /> <br /> D.teacher leaver<br /> <br /> 3.What’s the connotation of comprehensive education?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.Comprehensive education is an inalienable right for all students.<br /> <br /> B.Comprehensive education promotes students’ all-round development.<br /> <br /> C.Comprehensive education focuses on cultivating the spirit of innovation and practical ability.<br /> <br /> D.Comprehensive education brings students happiness.<br /> <br /> 4.What’s the function of rural education?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.bridging the gap between students in urban and rural areas<br /> <br /> B.spreading knowledge<br /> <br /> C.shaping civilized countryside<br /> <br /> D.improving our country<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> <br /> 1.ABCD<br /> <br /> 2.ABC<br /> <br /> 3.ABC<br /> <br /> 4.BC<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153752 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-30T12:47:16Z <p>Li Hong: /* Questions */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> transformation, Taoism, modern times<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Every religion has its own beliefs and teachings, which always vary to guard their unchangeable beliefs. So it is with Taoism. Facing new problems which appear in modern society, Taoists should offer their explanations to their believers according to their beliefs, which is the key to their development in the diversity of the world. Firstly, I tried to list the development of the Taoism before 1978. Compared with the revival movement of Buddhism, Taoism seemed to have fallen behind a lot. Secondly, with the ending of political movements, the circle of religion, including Taoism, received a new life. Many intellectuals turned themselves to the study of religion, which helped Taoists to rebuild their confidence of beliefs. They began to hold a series of seminars whose subjects concentrated on how to explain traditional Taoist beliefs to serve the modern society. Thirdly, what I tried to conclude are the modern significance of Taoism.<br /> <br /> ===The Development of Taoism before Modern Times===<br /> From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Taoism was formed and established. After hundreds of years of transformation and development, Taoism’s classical doctrines, practices and disciplines became more and more complete, and were recognized by the rulers, thus evolved into a mature orthodox religion.( 洪修平, 2007)<br /> From the Sui and Tang Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, due to the respect of the ruling class, Taoism flourished and had a great social impact. After the late Tang Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty, there were some new changes in Taoism. The main characteristics of Taoism in this period were to promote the integration of three religions and pay attention to the cultivation of inner alchemy.<br /> During the Ming and Qing dynasties, with the late feudal society in China, Taoism was stagnating. In modern China, Taoism inherited the legacy of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and, except for a few periods, remained at low ebb.<br /> <br /> ===The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times===<br /> In 1978, the Party Central Committee began a comprehensive effort to set things right. Under the guidance of the Party and the government’s religious policies in the new era, Chinese Taoism has developed its religious activities, achieved remarkable results in the cultivation of talents, shown prosperity in Taoist research, and actively participated in social welfare and foreign friendly relations, showing an unprecedented new atmosphere.( 祝逸雯, 2007)<br /> Cultivation of talents<br /> The Chinese Taoist Association has held five “Taoist knowledge specialization courses” and one “Taoist knowledge refresher course”, training a total of 206 Taoist talents, most of whom have become the backbone of the Taoist community today. In May 1990, China Taoist College was officially established, which is the first modern college in the history of Chinese Taoism, marking a new stage in the cultivation of Taoist talents.( Man Kam Leung,2013) At present, 10 Taoist colleges and universities have been established in the Taoist community nationwide, offering various majors such as sutra lectures, palace management and Taoist medicine and health care, covering three levels: master’s degree, undergraduate degree and specialist degree. The situation that talents in the Taoist community are in short supply has been effectively improved.<br /> Building cultural self-confidence<br /> In 1987, the Journal of “the Taoist Association” was changed to “China Taoism”, marking the beginning of the Chinese Taoist community’s own cultural research position, while the Taoist associations in Shanghai and Shaanxi also established local publications, such as Shanghai Taoism and Health. In 1989, the Institute of Taoist Culture of the Chinese Taoist Association was established, and a series of achievements were made afterwards, such as “Taoism and Health”, “Inroduction to Taoism”, “Taoism and the Hundred Schools of Thought”, “Materials on the History of Taoism”, and other works were published one after another. <br /> International Exchange<br /> The Taoist community has actively sent missions to international religious conferences such as the World Conference on Religions and Environmental Protection, the Millennium Congress of Religious and Spiritual Leaders for World Peace, the Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions, the World Conference of Religions for Peace, the Asian Conference of Religions for Peace, and the Congress of the World Alliance of Religious Leaders to voice the advocacies of the Taoist community on issues of environmental protection, religious dialogue, and world peace and equality. Through exchanges and dialogues, Chinese Taoism's advocacy of &quot;natural harmony, human peace, and religious harmony&quot; has been widely recognized by all major religions in the world, contributing to the building of a harmonious world and a community of human destiny.<br /> <br /> ===The modern significance of Taoism===<br /> First, in terms of personal values in life, Taoist culture believes that the value of life does not lie in personal fame and fortune, but in respect for the Tao and its virtues. If everyone adheres to the life principles advocated by Taoist culture, the whole society will be greatly improved, and people’s ideological quality will be greatly enhanced, and we will be freed from the servitude of money, so that we can better exert our individual intelligence and wisdom, and promote the harmonious development of society.<br /> Second, in terms of interpersonal relationships, Taoist culture advocates helping the world, emphasizing mutual help and love among people, and the principle of equal and fair egalitarianism for all.( 卿希泰，2006) If everyone acts in accordance with these ideas of Taoist culture, it will be possible to deal with various social relations between people and make the whole society harmonious and orderly; it will also be possible to deal with the mutual relations between countries, so that the whole world will naturally be at peace.<br /> Third, in terms of the relationship between human beings and nature, Taoist culture starts from the idea of “the unity of heaven and man” and believes that human beings are a part of nature, emphasizing that “the way of the Tao is the way of nature” and “the way of nature cannot be violated.” Therefore, it advocates that man should love and care for nature, live in harmony with nature, and follow the objective laws of nature itself in order to make human society develop sustainably.( Mishra Anish, 2022)<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Taoism is one of the valuable religious cultures in China, and after the founding of New China; the vigorous promotion of religious values has provided an opportunity for the transformation of Taoism. We should inherit and carry forward its good ideas, and help it adapt to modern changes and discover its modern values.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. When was Taoism formed and established?<br /> A. Tang Dynasty<br /> B. Qing Dynasty<br /> C. Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties<br /> <br /> 2. How many Taoist colleges and universities have been established nationwide?<br /> A. 7<br /> B. 8<br /> C. 10<br /> <br /> 3. What aspect are the modern significance of Taoism lie in?<br /> A. personal values in life<br /> B. interpersonal relationships<br /> C. relationship between human beings and nature<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school; the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, all of which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> ===Key words===<br /> Chinese Rural Education;Urban-rural Gap<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国农村教育<br /> ===摘要===<br /> 随着中国农村改革和经济的发展，农村教育发生了巨大变化。然而，在经济转型过程中，中国农村教育发展面临着严峻挑战。贫困地区儿童上学困难，农村中小学辍学率较高，城乡教育差距和农村教育投入不足等问题困扰着中国农村教育的健康发展。<br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国农村教育；城乡差距<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> In the 19th Session of National Congress of the Communist Party of China, suggestions were proposed that we should implement the strategy of revitalizing the countryside and that priority should be given to the development of education and to promote the integrated development of urban and rural compulsory education, especially the importance of rural compulsory education. It means rural education is a big thing and it is a concern for the Party and the people. Rural education aims to spread knowledge and shape civilized countryside, and is the fundamental way to stop the intergenerational transmission of poverty and help rural areas get out of poverty and become rich. However, there are still many problems in Chinese rural education. Hu Pingping (2021:3-4) points out that the existing problems of rural education in China are: insufficient comprehensive quality training for rural students, low increase in rural education funding and resources, serious teacher mobility from rural schools, and loss of high-quality students.<br /> ===Insufficient Comprehensive Quality Training for Rural Students===<br /> The connotation of comprehensive education is that education is an inalienable right for all students, and it promotes students’ all-round development, and focuses on cultivating the spirit of innovation and practical ability. But in the practice of comprehensive education in rural areas, many schools emphasize the concept that rural education is about national college entrance examination (Gao Kao), about getting out of the mountains, and that Gao Kao is the only way for rural students to get rid of the status quo in poor areas. In the current situation of education in China, rural students are in greater need of comprehensive quality, because they are born in a more deprived environment than in urban areas. Many rural students have some very typical shortcomings, such as fear of expression and low self-esteem, lack of knowledge about health and hygiene, cooperation skills, and leadership skills. Teaching rural students to apply their knowledge and problem-solving skills is the real goal of education.<br /> ===Low Increase in Rural Education Funding and Resources===<br /> Due to the low level of urbanization, more than 60 percent of China’s population live in rural areas. In 2001, the number of students in rural elementary school accounted for 68.6 percent of the number of students in elementary school nationwide, and the number of students in rural junior high schools accounted for 48.5 percent of the number of students in junior high schools nationwide. Over the same period, the average cost per student in rural elementary school was 3,604 yuan in Shanghai, which was the highest, and 472 yuan in Henan, which was the lowest; the average cost per student in rural junior high schools was 4,047 yuan in Shanghai, which is the highest, and 604 yuan in Guizhou, which is the lowest (Wang Dewen, 2003).<br /> ===Serious Teacher Mobility from Rural Schools===<br /> For the mobility or attrition of teachers, foreign scholars often use some concepts, which include teacher turnover (Grissmer,D.,&amp;Kirby,S.,1997,99(1):45-56), teaching mobility (teacher migration) or teacher attrition (Luekens,M.T.,Lyter,D.M.,&amp;Fox,E.E.,2000). For a long time, the main reasons for the massive attrition of rural teachers in China are as follows: First, the influence of traditional cultural concepts. For a long time, the overall status of teachers in China is not high, and the community has questions about the nature of teachers’ work, especially the survival of rural primary and secondary school teachers is not good, and their political status is not high. Second, the reward and evaluation system is inadequate. Rural teachers' life and work are very stressful and there is no good channel to relieve them, coupled with the fact that various communication and evaluation mechanisms are rigid, single, and do not reflect the people-oriented thinking, which results in teachers' low motivation, and their disproportionate efforts and rewards (Su Pengju et al., 2022).<br /> ===Solutions to Chinese rural education===<br /> 1.We should pay attention to the cultivation of the comprehensive quality. In addition to learning activities such as training, education, communication settings, it is important to note these activities on the form, content innovation, which can be modeled on the practice by taking “tutorial system”, case teaching, the expert guidance of admissions related ability literacy such as public relations ability, file processing ability training, ability of data analysis, etc (Yichen Yang,2022:108).<br /> <br /> 2.We should improve the fiscal and taxation system and strengthen the legal system to guarantee national investment in compulsory education in rural areas. The salaries of rural primary and secondary school teachers are shared by the central government, provinces, municipalities and counties, and are managed by the counties in order to reduce the financial burden on townships.<br /> <br /> 3.Using Maslow’s theory of motivation, teachers need to be well motivated and motivation is a prominent key in learning because its impulses the teaching (Akumawah Solange Lum,2020:68). We should reform the hiring system and teacher salary system of rural education by establishing a teacher hiring system and a teaching quality monitoring mechanism.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Education is designed to act as a slipway, launching students into the wider world in the expectation that the currents will guide them into a job. But access to education is shockingly uneven, with a vast gulf of quality between urban and rural ones. Thus, the analysis of Chinese rural education is important, which can help students in Chinese rural areas have access to quality education and have a promising future.<br /> ===References===<br /> [1]Akumawah Solange Lum.A Study on the Factors Affecting the Professional Development of Public Secondary School Teachers in Rural Areas in Cameroon.2020.浙江师范大学,MA thesis.<br /> <br /> [2]Grissmer,D.,&amp;Kirby,S.Teacher turnover and teacher quality.Teachers College Record.1997,99(1) : 45-56．<br /> <br /> [3]Hu Pingping胡平平.&quot;中国农村教育质量现状与建议&quot;. [The Current Situation and Suggestions of Education Quality in Chinese Rural Areas]中国教育财政政策咨询报告补充版（2015-2019）.Ed.北京大学中国教育财政科学研究所. , 2021, 1098-1099.<br /> <br /> [4]Luekens,M.T.,Lyter,D.M.,&amp; Fox,E. E. Teacher attrition and mobility: Results from the Teacher Follow-up Survey,2000-02(NCES 20040301).Washington,DC:U.S.Department of Education,National Center for Education Statistics.<br /> <br /> [5]Su Pengju, Zhang Bin, Wang Haifu苏鹏举,张斌,王海福.新时期我国农村师资流动及流失问题研究[Research on the Flow and Loss of Rural teachers in China in the New Era][J].黑龙江教师发展学院学报,2020,39(07):29-33.<br /> <br /> [6]Wang Dewen王德文.中国农村义务教育:现状、问题和出路[Chinese Compulsory Education in Rural Areas: Current Situation, Problems and Solutions][J].中国农村经济,2003(11):4-11.<br /> <br /> [7]Yichen Yang. How to Integrate the Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of Senior High Schools with the College Entrance Examination in China-Localization research of Comprehensive Quality Evaluation in Senior High Schools from the Perspective of Sino-American Comparison[J]. Journal of Educational Research and Policies, 2022, 4(7).<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> urban-rural gap 城乡差距<br /> <br /> comprehensive quality 素质教育<br /> <br /> teacher turnover 教师离职<br /> <br /> teacher mobility 教师流动<br /> <br /> teacher migration 教师移民<br /> <br /> teacher attrition 教师流失<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.What’s the problems Chinese rural education faces?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.insufficient comprehensive quality training <br /> <br /> B.low increase in rural education funding and resources<br /> <br /> C.serious teacher mobility from rural schools<br /> <br /> D.loss of high-quality students<br /> <br /> 2.How do foreign scholars describe the phenomenon of teacher mobility?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.teacher turnover <br /> <br /> B.teacher mobility <br /> <br /> C.teacher attrition <br /> <br /> D.teacher leaver<br /> <br /> 3.What’s the connotation of comprehensive education?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.Comprehensive education is an inalienable right for all students.<br /> <br /> B.Comprehensive education promotes students’ all-round development.<br /> <br /> C.Comprehensive education focuses on cultivating the spirit of innovation and practical ability.<br /> <br /> D.Comprehensive education brings students happiness.<br /> <br /> 4.What’s the function of rural education?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.bridging the gap between students in urban and rural areas<br /> <br /> B.spreading knowledge<br /> <br /> C.shaping civilized countryside<br /> <br /> D.improving our country<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> <br /> 1.ABCD<br /> <br /> 2.ABC<br /> <br /> 3.ABC<br /> <br /> 4.BC<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153749 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-30T12:43:27Z <p>Li Hong: /* Questions */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> transformation, Taoism, modern times<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Every religion has its own beliefs and teachings, which always vary to guard their unchangeable beliefs. So it is with Taoism. Facing new problems which appear in modern society, Taoists should offer their explanations to their believers according to their beliefs, which is the key to their development in the diversity of the world. Firstly, I tried to list the development of the Taoism before 1978. Compared with the revival movement of Buddhism, Taoism seemed to have fallen behind a lot. Secondly, with the ending of political movements, the circle of religion, including Taoism, received a new life. Many intellectuals turned themselves to the study of religion, which helped Taoists to rebuild their confidence of beliefs. They began to hold a series of seminars whose subjects concentrated on how to explain traditional Taoist beliefs to serve the modern society. Thirdly, what I tried to conclude are the modern significance of Taoism.<br /> <br /> ===The Development of Taoism before Modern Times===<br /> From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Taoism was formed and established. After hundreds of years of transformation and development, Taoism’s classical doctrines, practices and disciplines became more and more complete, and were recognized by the rulers, thus evolved into a mature orthodox religion.( 洪修平, 2007)<br /> From the Sui and Tang Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, due to the respect of the ruling class, Taoism flourished and had a great social impact. After the late Tang Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty, there were some new changes in Taoism. The main characteristics of Taoism in this period were to promote the integration of three religions and pay attention to the cultivation of inner alchemy.<br /> During the Ming and Qing dynasties, with the late feudal society in China, Taoism was stagnating. In modern China, Taoism inherited the legacy of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and, except for a few periods, remained at low ebb.<br /> <br /> ===The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times===<br /> In 1978, the Party Central Committee began a comprehensive effort to set things right. Under the guidance of the Party and the government’s religious policies in the new era, Chinese Taoism has developed its religious activities, achieved remarkable results in the cultivation of talents, shown prosperity in Taoist research, and actively participated in social welfare and foreign friendly relations, showing an unprecedented new atmosphere.( 祝逸雯, 2007)<br /> Cultivation of talents<br /> The Chinese Taoist Association has held five “Taoist knowledge specialization courses” and one “Taoist knowledge refresher course”, training a total of 206 Taoist talents, most of whom have become the backbone of the Taoist community today. In May 1990, China Taoist College was officially established, which is the first modern college in the history of Chinese Taoism, marking a new stage in the cultivation of Taoist talents.( Man Kam Leung,2013) At present, 10 Taoist colleges and universities have been established in the Taoist community nationwide, offering various majors such as sutra lectures, palace management and Taoist medicine and health care, covering three levels: master’s degree, undergraduate degree and specialist degree. The situation that talents in the Taoist community are in short supply has been effectively improved.<br /> Building cultural self-confidence<br /> In 1987, the Journal of “the Taoist Association” was changed to “China Taoism”, marking the beginning of the Chinese Taoist community’s own cultural research position, while the Taoist associations in Shanghai and Shaanxi also established local publications, such as Shanghai Taoism and Health. In 1989, the Institute of Taoist Culture of the Chinese Taoist Association was established, and a series of achievements were made afterwards, such as “Taoism and Health”, “Inroduction to Taoism”, “Taoism and the Hundred Schools of Thought”, “Materials on the History of Taoism”, and other works were published one after another. <br /> International Exchange<br /> The Taoist community has actively sent missions to international religious conferences such as the World Conference on Religions and Environmental Protection, the Millennium Congress of Religious and Spiritual Leaders for World Peace, the Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions, the World Conference of Religions for Peace, the Asian Conference of Religions for Peace, and the Congress of the World Alliance of Religious Leaders to voice the advocacies of the Taoist community on issues of environmental protection, religious dialogue, and world peace and equality. Through exchanges and dialogues, Chinese Taoism's advocacy of &quot;natural harmony, human peace, and religious harmony&quot; has been widely recognized by all major religions in the world, contributing to the building of a harmonious world and a community of human destiny.<br /> <br /> ===The modern significance of Taoism===<br /> First, in terms of personal values in life, Taoist culture believes that the value of life does not lie in personal fame and fortune, but in respect for the Tao and its virtues. If everyone adheres to the life principles advocated by Taoist culture, the whole society will be greatly improved, and people’s ideological quality will be greatly enhanced, and we will be freed from the servitude of money, so that we can better exert our individual intelligence and wisdom, and promote the harmonious development of society.<br /> Second, in terms of interpersonal relationships, Taoist culture advocates helping the world, emphasizing mutual help and love among people, and the principle of equal and fair egalitarianism for all.( 卿希泰，2006) If everyone acts in accordance with these ideas of Taoist culture, it will be possible to deal with various social relations between people and make the whole society harmonious and orderly; it will also be possible to deal with the mutual relations between countries, so that the whole world will naturally be at peace.<br /> Third, in terms of the relationship between human beings and nature, Taoist culture starts from the idea of “the unity of heaven and man” and believes that human beings are a part of nature, emphasizing that “the way of the Tao is the way of nature” and “the way of nature cannot be violated.” Therefore, it advocates that man should love and care for nature, live in harmony with nature, and follow the objective laws of nature itself in order to make human society develop sustainably.( Mishra Anish, 2022)<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Taoism is one of the valuable religious cultures in China, and after the founding of New China; the vigorous promotion of religious values has provided an opportunity for the transformation of Taoism. We should inherit and carry forward its good ideas, and help it adapt to modern changes and discover its modern values.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. When was Taoism formed and established?<br /> A. Tang Dynasty<br /> B. Qing Dynasty<br /> C. Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties<br /> 2. How many Taoist colleges and universities have been established nationwide?<br /> A. 7<br /> B. 8<br /> C. 10<br /> 3. What aspect are the modern significance of Taoism lie in?<br /> A. personal values in life<br /> B. interpersonal relationships<br /> C. relationship between human beings and nature<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school; the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, all of which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> ===Key words===<br /> Chinese Rural Education;Urban-rural Gap<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国农村教育<br /> ===摘要===<br /> 随着中国农村改革和经济的发展，农村教育发生了巨大变化。然而，在经济转型过程中，中国农村教育发展面临着严峻挑战。贫困地区儿童上学困难，农村中小学辍学率较高，城乡教育差距和农村教育投入不足等问题困扰着中国农村教育的健康发展。<br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国农村教育；城乡差距<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> In the 19th Session of National Congress of the Communist Party of China, suggestions were proposed that we should implement the strategy of revitalizing the countryside and that priority should be given to the development of education and to promote the integrated development of urban and rural compulsory education, especially the importance of rural compulsory education. It means rural education is a big thing and it is a concern for the Party and the people. Rural education aims to spread knowledge and shape civilized countryside, and is the fundamental way to stop the intergenerational transmission of poverty and help rural areas get out of poverty and become rich. However, there are still many problems in Chinese rural education. Hu Pingping (2021:3-4) points out that the existing problems of rural education in China are: insufficient comprehensive quality training for rural students, low increase in rural education funding and resources, serious teacher mobility from rural schools, and loss of high-quality students.<br /> ===Insufficient Comprehensive Quality Training for Rural Students===<br /> The connotation of comprehensive education is that education is an inalienable right for all students, and it promotes students’ all-round development, and focuses on cultivating the spirit of innovation and practical ability. But in the practice of comprehensive education in rural areas, many schools emphasize the concept that rural education is about national college entrance examination (Gao Kao), about getting out of the mountains, and that Gao Kao is the only way for rural students to get rid of the status quo in poor areas. In the current situation of education in China, rural students are in greater need of comprehensive quality, because they are born in a more deprived environment than in urban areas. Many rural students have some very typical shortcomings, such as fear of expression and low self-esteem, lack of knowledge about health and hygiene, cooperation skills, and leadership skills. Teaching rural students to apply their knowledge and problem-solving skills is the real goal of education.<br /> ===Low Increase in Rural Education Funding and Resources===<br /> Due to the low level of urbanization, more than 60 percent of China’s population live in rural areas. In 2001, the number of students in rural elementary school accounted for 68.6 percent of the number of students in elementary school nationwide, and the number of students in rural junior high schools accounted for 48.5 percent of the number of students in junior high schools nationwide. Over the same period, the average cost per student in rural elementary school was 3,604 yuan in Shanghai, which was the highest, and 472 yuan in Henan, which was the lowest; the average cost per student in rural junior high schools was 4,047 yuan in Shanghai, which is the highest, and 604 yuan in Guizhou, which is the lowest (Wang Dewen, 2003).<br /> ===Serious Teacher Mobility from Rural Schools===<br /> For the mobility or attrition of teachers, foreign scholars often use some concepts, which include teacher turnover (Grissmer,D.,&amp;Kirby,S.,1997,99(1):45-56), teaching mobility (teacher migration) or teacher attrition (Luekens,M.T.,Lyter,D.M.,&amp;Fox,E.E.,2000). For a long time, the main reasons for the massive attrition of rural teachers in China are as follows: First, the influence of traditional cultural concepts. For a long time, the overall status of teachers in China is not high, and the community has questions about the nature of teachers’ work, especially the survival of rural primary and secondary school teachers is not good, and their political status is not high. Second, the reward and evaluation system is inadequate. Rural teachers' life and work are very stressful and there is no good channel to relieve them, coupled with the fact that various communication and evaluation mechanisms are rigid, single, and do not reflect the people-oriented thinking, which results in teachers' low motivation, and their disproportionate efforts and rewards (Su Pengju et al., 2022).<br /> ===Solutions to Chinese rural education===<br /> 1.We should pay attention to the cultivation of the comprehensive quality. In addition to learning activities such as training, education, communication settings, it is important to note these activities on the form, content innovation, which can be modeled on the practice by taking “tutorial system”, case teaching, the expert guidance of admissions related ability literacy such as public relations ability, file processing ability training, ability of data analysis, etc (Yichen Yang,2022:108).<br /> <br /> 2.We should improve the fiscal and taxation system and strengthen the legal system to guarantee national investment in compulsory education in rural areas. The salaries of rural primary and secondary school teachers are shared by the central government, provinces, municipalities and counties, and are managed by the counties in order to reduce the financial burden on townships.<br /> <br /> 3.Using Maslow’s theory of motivation, teachers need to be well motivated and motivation is a prominent key in learning because its impulses the teaching (Akumawah Solange Lum,2020:68). We should reform the hiring system and teacher salary system of rural education by establishing a teacher hiring system and a teaching quality monitoring mechanism.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Education is designed to act as a slipway, launching students into the wider world in the expectation that the currents will guide them into a job. But access to education is shockingly uneven, with a vast gulf of quality between urban and rural ones. Thus, the analysis of Chinese rural education is important, which can help students in Chinese rural areas have access to quality education and have a promising future.<br /> ===References===<br /> [1]Akumawah Solange Lum.A Study on the Factors Affecting the Professional Development of Public Secondary School Teachers in Rural Areas in Cameroon.2020.浙江师范大学,MA thesis.<br /> <br /> [2]Grissmer,D.,&amp;Kirby,S.Teacher turnover and teacher quality.Teachers College Record.1997,99(1) : 45-56．<br /> <br /> [3]Hu Pingping胡平平.&quot;中国农村教育质量现状与建议&quot;. [The Current Situation and Suggestions of Education Quality in Chinese Rural Areas]中国教育财政政策咨询报告补充版（2015-2019）.Ed.北京大学中国教育财政科学研究所. , 2021, 1098-1099.<br /> <br /> [4]Luekens,M.T.,Lyter,D.M.,&amp; Fox,E. E. Teacher attrition and mobility: Results from the Teacher Follow-up Survey,2000-02(NCES 20040301).Washington,DC:U.S.Department of Education,National Center for Education Statistics.<br /> <br /> [5]Su Pengju, Zhang Bin, Wang Haifu苏鹏举,张斌,王海福.新时期我国农村师资流动及流失问题研究[Research on the Flow and Loss of Rural teachers in China in the New Era][J].黑龙江教师发展学院学报,2020,39(07):29-33.<br /> <br /> [6]Wang Dewen王德文.中国农村义务教育:现状、问题和出路[Chinese Compulsory Education in Rural Areas: Current Situation, Problems and Solutions][J].中国农村经济,2003(11):4-11.<br /> <br /> [7]Yichen Yang. How to Integrate the Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of Senior High Schools with the College Entrance Examination in China-Localization research of Comprehensive Quality Evaluation in Senior High Schools from the Perspective of Sino-American Comparison[J]. Journal of Educational Research and Policies, 2022, 4(7).<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> urban-rural gap 城乡差距<br /> <br /> comprehensive quality 素质教育<br /> <br /> teacher turnover 教师离职<br /> <br /> teacher mobility 教师流动<br /> <br /> teacher migration 教师移民<br /> <br /> teacher attrition 教师流失<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.What’s the problems Chinese rural education faces?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.insufficient comprehensive quality training <br /> <br /> B.low increase in rural education funding and resources<br /> <br /> C.serious teacher mobility from rural schools<br /> <br /> D.loss of high-quality students<br /> <br /> 2.How do foreign scholars describe the phenomenon of teacher mobility?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.teacher turnover <br /> <br /> B.teacher mobility <br /> <br /> C.teacher attrition <br /> <br /> D.teacher leaver<br /> <br /> 3.What’s the connotation of comprehensive education?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.Comprehensive education is an inalienable right for all students.<br /> <br /> B.Comprehensive education promotes students’ all-round development.<br /> <br /> C.Comprehensive education focuses on cultivating the spirit of innovation and practical ability.<br /> <br /> D.Comprehensive education brings students happiness.<br /> <br /> 4.What’s the function of rural education?(multiple choice)<br /> <br /> A.bridging the gap between students in urban and rural areas<br /> <br /> B.spreading knowledge<br /> <br /> C.shaping civilized countryside<br /> <br /> D.improving our country<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> <br /> 1.ABCD<br /> <br /> 2.ABC<br /> <br /> 3.ABC<br /> <br /> 4.BC<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Goldbank_Englisch_1&diff=153592 Goldbank Englisch 1 2022-12-30T07:11:27Z <p>Li Hong: /* 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun */</p> <hr /> <div>==Part 4c==<br /> <br /> <br /> ====白婷 Bai Ting====<br /> <br /> <br /> 物研究所牵头，研究将在金银潭医院等多家临床一线接诊新型 冠状病毒感染肺炎患者的医院中进行，拟入组761例患者，采 用随机、双盲、安慰剂对照方法展开。<br /> 在科技部、国家卫健委、国家药监局等多部门支持下，抗 病毒药物瑞德西韦很快完成临床试验的注册审批工作，第一批 病例入组工作也已就位。<br /> 2月6日，首批新冠病毒感染的肺炎重症患者接受用药， 首位用药者是金银潭医院收治的一位68岁的男性重症患者。<br /> 探索利用康复期血浆“免疫性治疗”<br /> <br /> Under the leadership of the Institute of Physical Sciences, the study will be carried out in many clinical front-line hospitals, such as Jinyintan Hospital, which receives patients with novel coronavirus infection pneumonia. Seven hundred sixty-one patients are proposed to be enrolled in the study, and they will be randomized, double-blind, and placebo controlled. With the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Health Commission, the State Food and Drug Administration, and other departments, the registration and approval of the clinical trial of the antiviral drug Remdesivir was soon completed, and the first batch of cases was enrolled. On February 6, the first batch of severe pneumonia patients infected with COVID-19 received drugs. The first drug was a 68-year-old male severe patient admitted to Jinyintan Hospital, who was treated with plasma &quot;immune therapy&quot; during rehabilitation.<br /> <br /> Under the leadership of the Institute of Physical Sciences, the study will be carried out in many clinical front-line hospitals, such as Jinyintan Hospital, which receives patients with novel coronavirus infection pneumonia. Seven hundred sixty-one patients are proposed to be enrolled in the study, and they will be randomized, double-blind, and placebo controlled. With the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Health Commission, the State Food and Drug Administration, and other departments, the registration and approval of the clinical trial of the antiviral drug Remdesivir was soon completed, and the first batch of cases was enrolled. On February 6, the first batch of severe pneumonia patients infected with COVID-19 received medication. The first drug was a 68-year-old male critically ill patient admitted to Jinyintan Hospital, who was treated with plasma &quot;immune therapy&quot; during rehabilitation.<br /> <br /> ====蔡思 Cai Si====<br /> <br /> 2月13日，张定宇在湖北省新冠肺炎疫情防控指挥部召开 的第23次新闻发布会上发出呼吁：“康复期患者，请伸出您的 胳膊，捐献宝贵的血浆，共同拯救还在与病魔作斗争的患者。”<br /> “康复后的患者体内有大量中和抗体，可以抵抗新型冠 状病毒。”张定宇介绍说，在缺乏疫苗和特效治疗药物的前 提下，采用这种特免血浆制品治疗新冠病毒感染是较为有效 的方法。“康复者捐献的血浆，会经过一系列处理，得到一 个相对纯化的对抗新冠病毒中和抗体，用于新冠肺炎危重患 者的治疗。”<br /> 专家认为，从临床病理发生过程看，大部分新冠肺炎患者 经过治疗康复后，身体内会产生针对新冠病毒的特异性抗体， 可杀灭和清除病毒。<br /> 金银潭医院配合相关研究团队立即开展了康复期患者血浆 的釆集工作。<br /> <br /> On February 13, Zhang Dingyu issued an appeal at the 23rd press conference held by Hubei Province Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarters: &quot;Convalescent patients, please stretch out your arms and donate precious plasma to jointly save patients who are still struggling with the disease.&quot; &quot;Patients who recover have a large number of neutralizing antibodies that can resist the COVID-19.&quot; Zhang Dingyu said that in the absence of vaccines and specific therapeutic drugs, the use of this special immune plasma products to treat the new crown virus infection is a more effective method. &quot;The plasma donated by rehabilitated patients will undergo a series of treatments to obtain a relatively purified neutralizing antibody against the COVID-19 for the treatment of critically ill patients.&quot; Experts believe that, from the clinical pathology process, most patients with COVID-19 after treatment and rehabilitation, the body will produce specific antibodies against the COVID-19 , can kill and eliminate the virus. Jinyintan Hospital cooperated with relevant research teams to immediately carry out plasma collection of patients in rehabilitation period.<br /> <br /> On February 13, Zhang Dingyu issued an appeal at the 23rd press conference held by Hubei Province Epidemic Prevention and Control Command: &quot;Patients in recovery, please stretch out your arms and donate your precious plasma to save patients who are still fighting against the disease.&quot; &quot;Recovered patients have a high level of neutralizing antibodies against the new coronavirus,&quot; introduced by Zhang Dingyu. In the absence of a vaccine and specific therapeutic drugs, the use of this special immune plasma product is a more effective treatment for coronavirus infection. &quot;The plasma donated by rehabilitated patients will undergo a series of treatments to obtain a relatively purified neutralizing antibody against the COVID-19 for the treatment of critically ill patients.&quot; According to experts,in the clinical pathology process, most patients with COVID-19 will develop specific antibodies against coronavirus after treatment and recovery, which can kill and clear the virus. Jinyintan Hospital, in cooperation with the research team, immediately started collecting plasma from patients in rehabilitation period.<br /> <br /> ====陈婧 Chen Jing====<br /> <br /> 捐献血浆必须符合三项条件：一、年龄在18—60周岁之 间；二、确诊感染过新型冠状病毒（核酸检测阳性）；三、 病愈出院一周以上。<br /> 金银潭医院在门诊部二楼设立采血机构。捐献者经过电话预约到医院后，先进行身份登记并填写健康征询表及知情同意 书，再进行健康状况问诊、血液检查，经最后确认后，每人采 集血量在200—400毫升之间，采血完成后，向献血者发放一 定数额的经济补偿。 <br /> <br /> 2020年2月18日，张定宇的夫人程琳来到金银潭医院,捐献了 400毫升血浆。 （新华社发 武汉市金银潭医院供图）<br /> <br /> 张定宇在发布会上发出呼吁后，社会广泛关注。<br /> 2月13日晚，中国生物技术股份有限公司、武汉市血液中 心也联合向新冠肺炎康复者发出献血倡议书，并在湖北省人民 医院开放爱心献血屋。<br /> <br /> Three conditions must be met to donate plasma: 1. Aged between 18 and 60; 2. Confirmed infection with COVID-19 (positive nucleic acid test); 3. Be discharged from hospital for more than one week after recovery. <br /> <br /> Jinyintan Hospital has a blood collection facility on the second floor of the outpatient clinic. Donors who arrive at the hospital after making a phonecall appointment will first register and fill out a health questionnaire and informed consent form, then undergo a health consultation and blood test. After the final confirmation, the blood collection volumn per person is between 200 and 400 ml. After the blood collection, a certain amount of financial compensation will be given to the donors.<br /> <br /> On Feb 18, 2020, Zhang Dingyu's wife Cheng Lin came to the hospital and donated 400 ml of blood plasma. (Xinhua News Agency issued, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital for the picture)<br /> <br /> Zhang Dingyu made the call at the press conference, which attracted wide attention from the public.<br /> <br /> On the evening of Feb 13, China Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and Wuhan Blood Center jointly issued a blood donation initiative to people recovering from COVID-19 and opened a blood donation house at Hubei Provincial People's Hospital.<br /> <br /> <br /> Three conditions must be met to donate plasma: 1. Aged between 18 and 60; 2. Confirmed infection with COVID-19 (positive nucleic acid test); 3. Be discharged from hospital for more than one week after recovery. <br /> <br /> Jinyintan Hospital sets a blood collection facility on the second floor of the outpatient clinic. Donors who arrive at the hospital after making a phonecall appointment will first register and fill out a health questionnaire and informed consent form, then undergo a health consultation and blood test. After the final confirmation, the blood collection volumn per person is between 200 and 400 ml. After the blood collection, a certain amount of financial compensation will be given to the donors.<br /> <br /> On Feb 18, 2020, Zhang Dingyu's wife Cheng Lin came to the hospital and donated 400 ml of blood plasma. (Xinhua News Agency issued, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital for the picture)<br /> <br /> Zhang Dingyu made the call at the press conference, which attracted wide attention from the public.<br /> <br /> On the evening of Feb 13, China Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and Wuhan Blood Center jointly issued a blood donation initiative to people recovering from COVID-19 and opened a blood donation house at Hubei Provincial People's Hospital.<br /> <br /> ====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 从第二天开始，就有不少康复者来电咨询，表示支持金银 潭医院的这项研究。<br /> 金银潭医院将这一方法很快用于4个重症患者的治疗。<br /> 4个患者的病情都有好转。从整体来看，患者自我感觉喘 气等症状减缓了，精神状态、食欲都有提升；从指标上看，血 氧饱和度比以前稳定些，淋巴细胞的绝对值也得到了提升。<br /> “这类指标对患者康复是很重要的参考。”但张定宇提醒说, 采用特免血浆制品治疗的方式并不是“灵丹妙药”，最终战胜 病魔更多的还是要靠患者自身的免疫力。这种治疗主要是给患 者一个喘息的机会，使病情往好的方向发展，同时也给医生抢 救危重患者赢得更多的时间。<br /> 已于1月29日康复出院的张定宇的夫人程琳，也来到金银 潭医院捐献了 400毫升血浆。 <br /> 首例遗体解剖完成并送检<br /> Since the next day, many patients called in support of the study.<br /> Jinyintan Hospital soon used this method to treat four seriously ill patients. All of them showed improvement. On the whole, patients felt that their symptoms, such as wheezing, were reduced, and their mental state and appetite were improved. In terms of indicators, blood oxygen saturation was more stable than before, and the absolute value of lymphocytes was also increased. &quot;Such indicators are important references for patients' recovery.&quot; But Zhang Dingyu cautioned that the use of special plasma products was not a &quot;panacea&quot;, and ultimately the recovery of disease more depended on the patient's own immunity. This kind of treatment was mainly to give the patient a chance to breathe, making the condition progress toward a better direction, but also help doctors to fight for critically ill patients more time. Zhang Dingyu's wife Cheng Lin, who was discharged from hospital on January 29, also donated 400 ml of blood plasma to Jinyintan Hospital. The first autopsy was completed and submitted for examination.<br /> <br /> From the next day, many rehabilitated people called for consultation and expressed support for the study by Jinyintan Hospital.<br /> Jinyintan Hospital quickly applied this method to the treatment of four critically ill patients. <br /> All four patients improved. On the whole, the patient felt that the symptoms such as wheezing were alleviated, and the mental state and appetite were improved; From the index point of view, blood oxygen saturation is more stable than before, the absolute value of lymphocytes has also been improved. &quot;This kind of index is very important reference to the patient's rehabilitation.&quot; However, Zhang Dingyu warned that the use of special immune plasma products treatment is not a &quot;panacea,&quot; the final victory over the disease more depends on the patient's own immunity. This kind of treatment is mainly to give the patient a chance to breathe, make the condition develop in a good direction, but also to the doctor to save critically ill patients to win more time. <br /> Zhang Dingyu's wife Cheng Lin, who recovered from hospital on January 29, also came to Jinyintan Hospital to donate 400 ml of plasma. The first autopsy was completed and submitted for inspection.<br /> <br /> ==Part 4d==<br /> <br /> <br /> ====陈思阳 Chen Siyang==== <br /> <br /> <br /> 对于一种致人死亡的新型疾病，遗体解剖对掌握其病理 意义重大。解剖新冠肺炎死亡者遗体，对于探索新冠肺炎患 者临床的病理改变、疾病机制等有重大帮助，能从根本上探 究新冠肺炎的致病性、致死性，给临床抢救和治疗危重症患 者提供依据。<br /> 实际上，新冠肺炎疫情暴发后的一个多月里，有关方面一 直呼吁对死亡病例进行病理解剖。但由于新冠肺炎属烈性传染 病，解剖风险过高，加上国内少有针对甲级传染病、达到P3 级生物实验室标准的病理解剖实验室，使得相关工作迟迟难以 落实。<br /> 国际上根据生物安全的防护等级将生物实验室分为四级： Pl、P2、P3和P4实验室。P是Protection的缩写，其中1级 的防护级别最低，4级最高。<br /> <br /> For a new type of disease that causes death, autopsy is of great significance to grasp its pathology. Anatomy of the dead body of new crown pneumonia is of great help to explore the clinical pathological changes and disease mechanism of patients with new crown pneumonia, and can fundamentally explore the pathogenicity and lethality of new crown pneumonia, and provide basis for clinical rescue and treatment of critically ill patients. In fact, more than a month after the outbreak of new crown pneumonia, there have been calls for pathological autopsy of deaths. However, because Xinguan pneumonia is a severe infectious disease, the anatomical risk is too high, and there are few pathological anatomy laboratories aiming at Class A infectious diseases and reaching the standard of P3 biological laboratory in China, it is difficult to implement the relevant work. Internationally, biological laboratories are divided into four levels according to the protection level of biological safety: Pl, P2, P3 and P4 laboratories. P is the abbreviation of Protection, where Level 1 is the lowest protection level and Level 4 is the highest.<br /> <br /> For a new type of disease that causes death, the autopsy is of great significance to grasp its pathology. Anatomy of the dead body of new crown pneumonia is of great help to explore the clinical pathological changes and disease mechanism of patients with new crown pneumonia, and can fundamentally explore the pathogenicity and lethality of new crown pneumonia, and provide the basis for clinical rescue and treatment of critically ill patients. In fact, more than a month after the outbreak of new crown pneumonia, there have been calls for a pathological autopsy of deaths. However, because Xinguan pneumonia is a severe infectious disease, the anatomical risk is too high, and there are few pathological anatomy laboratories aiming at Class A infectious diseases and reaching the standard of P3 biological laboratories in China, it is difficult to implement the relevant work. Internationally, biological laboratories are divided into four levels according to the protection level of biological safety: Pl, P2, P3, and P4 laboratories. P is the abbreviation of Protection, where Level 1 is the lowest protection level and Level 4 is the highest.<br /> <br /> ====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====<br /> <br /> <br /> 在国家法律政策允许下，并征得患者家属同意，2月15日 深夜，华中科技大学同济医学院法医病理学专家来到金银潭医 院，在金银潭的医护人员配合下，开始了全国第一例新冠肺炎 遗体解剖工作。<br /> <br /> Permitted by national laws and policies and with the consent of the patients' families, late on the night of Feb. 15, forensic pathology experts from Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology came to Jinyintan Hospital. With the cooperation of medical staff from Jinyintan Hospital, they began the autopsy of the first human corpse dying of COVID-19 in China.<br /> <br /> Permitted by national laws and policies and with the consent of the patients' families, late on the night of February 15, forensic pathology experts from Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology came to Jinyintan Hospital. With the cooperation of medical staff of Jinyintan Hospital, they began the autopsy of the first human corpse dying of COVID-19 in China.<br /> <br /> 由于整个湖北都没有专门的负压解剖室，金银潭医院临时 腾出一间负压手术室用来做解剖工作。<br /> <br /> Since there is no special negative pressure dissection room in Hubei province, Jinyintan Hospital temporarily vacated a negative pressure operating room for dissection work.<br /> <br /> As there is no special negative pressure dissection room in Hubei province, Jinyintan Hospital temporarily vacated a negative pressure operating room for dissection.<br /> <br /> 解剖从16日凌晨1点开始，4点结束，休息两个小时后 展开讨论；上午11点，第二例病理解剖工作敲定,下午4点开始, 6点半结束……不到18个小时，即完成两例病理解剖，并于当 日送检。<br /> <br /> On Feb. 16, the autopsy began at 1 a.m. and ended at 4 a.m., and discussion began after a two-hour break; at 11 a.m., the second pathological autopsy was finalized, starting at 4 p.m., finishing at 6:30 p.m.... In less than 18 hours, the two cases were completed and submitted for examination that day.<br /> <br /> The autopsy began at 1 a.m. and ended at 4 a.m. on February 16, and the discussion began after a two-hour break; at 11 a.m., the second pathological autopsy was finalized, starting at 4 p.m., and ending at 6:30 p.m.... In less than 18 hours, two cases of pathological autopsy were completed and submitted for examination that day.<br /> <br /> 首战告捷，随后的几例遗体解剖工作开展得也是格外顺利： 2月17日下午5点，第三例病理解剖；紧接着，第四例……2 月22日，是解剖团队最为忙碌的一天，“24小时之内做了五 例解剖”。 <br /> <br /> After a successful first battle, subsequent autopsies went exceptionally smoothly: at 5 p.m. on Feb. 17, they did the third pathological autopsy; then, the fourth... Feb. 22 was the team's busiest day, &quot;five autopsies were done in 24 hours.&quot;<br /> <br /> After a successful first battle, the subsequent autopsies was carried out exceptionally smoothly: at 5 p.m. on February 17, they did the third pathological autopsy; then, the fourth... February 22 was the team's busiest day, &quot;five autopsies were done within 24 hours.&quot;<br /> <br /> 中医武汉抗疫临床发挥重要作用。<br /> <br /> TCM plays a significant role in fighting against the pandemic in Wuhan.<br /> <br /> TCM（Traditional Chinese Medicine） plays a significant role in fighting against the pandemic in Wuhan.<br /> <br /> ====丁粤 Ding Yue====<br /> <br /> <br /> 2月3日，武汉市金银潭医院首批以中医药或中西医结合方式治愈的新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎患者出院。<br /> <br /> On February 3rd, the first batch of novel coronavirus infected pneumonia patients in the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city who were cured by traditional Chinese medicine or integrated traditional and western medicine were discharged.<br /> <br /> On February 3rd, the first batch of novel coronavirus infected pneumonia patients in the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city were discharged,who were cured by traditional Chinese medicine or integrated traditional and western medicine.(Fu Jing)<br /> <br /> 这批出院的患者共有8名，包括6名女性、2名男性，其中重症6例、轻症2例，最大年龄68岁，最小年龄26岁。中医中药参与治疗后，患者呼吸困难、乏力、口干口苦、胸闷、 腹泻等症状明显改善，精神状态也明显好转。<br /> <br /> There were 8 patients discharged from the hospital, including 6 women and 2 men. Among them, 6 patients were with severe symptoms and 2 patients were with mild symptoms. The oldest patient was 68 years old，while the youngest patient was 26 years old. After the treatment with traditional Chinese medicine, the symptoms of the patients such as dyspnea, fatigue, dry mouth and bitter mouth, chest tightness and diarrhea were significantly improved, as well as their mental state.<br /> <br /> There were 8 patients discharged from the hospital, including 6 women and 2 men. Among them, 6 patients were with severe symptoms and 2 patients were with mild symptoms. The oldest patient was 68 years old，while the youngest patient was 26 years old. After the treatment with traditional Chinese medicine, the symptoms of the patients such as dyspnea, fatigue, dry mouth and bitter mouth, chest tightness and diarrhea were significantly improved, as well as their mental state.(Fu Jing)<br /> <br /> 1月28日，国家中医药管理局应对新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎联防联控工作专家组组长、中国工程院院士黄璐琦带领北京西苑医院和广安门医院医疗团队支援武汉市金银潭医院，对这 批患者采用中西医结合、辨证治疗。出院时，金银潭医院赠送了每位患者2周用量的中药调理药剂，并嘱咐他们适当增强运动、合理饮食，以加速身体恢复。<br /> <br /> On January 28th, Huang Luqi, the leader of the expert group of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine on joint prevention and control of pneumonia caused by infection with novel coronavirus and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, led the medical teams of Beijing Xiyuan Hospital and Guang'anmen Hospital to support the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city, and used integrated traditional and western medicine and syndrome differentiation treatment for these patients. When these patients were discharged, Jinyintan Hospital presented each patient with a 2-week dose of Chinese herbal medicine conditioning agent, and instructed them to properly enhance exercise and eat reasonable food to speed up their recovery.<br /> <br /> On January 28th, Huang Luqi, the leader of the expert group of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine on joint prevention and control of pneumonia caused by infection with novel coronavirus and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, led the medical teams of Beijing Xiyuan Hospital and Guang'anmen Hospital to support the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city, and used integrated traditional and western medicine and syndrome differentiation treatment for these patients. When these patients were discharged, Jinyintan Hospital presented each patient with a 2-week dose of Chinese herbal medicine conditioning agent, and instructed them to properly enhance exercise and eat reasonable food to speed up their recovery.(Fu Jing)<br /> <br /> 3月2日，新华社播发记者廖君、黎昌政在武汉抗击疫情 第一线采写的报道，称中医经验方在减轻发热咳嗽症状、控制 病情进展、提升人体免疫力方面有独特优势。<br /> 报道说，新冠肺炎疫情发生后，全国中医药系统医疗队员 3350人、5支国家中医医疗队739名医务人员驰援武汉，进驻 武汉市金银潭医院、湖北省中西医结合医院、雷神山医院救治 患者，同时在武汉市江夏区整建制托管大花山方舱医院，收治 患者416人，开展中医药特色救治。<br /> <br /> On March 2nd, Xinhua News Agency broadcast a report written by reporters Liao Jun and Li Changzheng on the front line of the fight against the epidemic in Wuhan, saying that traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in relieving fever and cough symptoms, controlling disease progress, and improving human immunity.<br /> It was reported that after the occurrence of the COVID-19, 3350 medical personnel from the national TCM（Traditional Chinese Medicine）system and 739 medical personnel from five national TCM medical teams came to support Wuhan. They were stationed in the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Hubei province, and Leishen Mountain Hospital to treat patients. At the same time, they received and treated 416 patients and carried out characteristic cure with traditional Chinese medicine in Dahuashan mobile cabin hospital, which was restructured and entrusted in Jiangxia District of Wuhan city.<br /> <br /> On March 2nd, Xinhua News Agency broadcast a report written by reporters Liao Jun and Li Changzheng on the front line of the fight against the epidemic in Wuhan, saying that traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in relieving fever and cough symptoms, controlling disease progress, and improving human immunity.<br /> It was reported that after the occurrence of the COVID-19, 3350 medical personnel from the national TCM（Traditional Chinese Medicine）system and 739 medical personnel from five national TCM medical teams came to support Wuhan. They were stationed in the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Hubei province, and Leishen Mountain Hospital to treat patients. At the same time, they received and treated 416 patients and carried out characteristic cure with traditional Chinese medicine in Dahuashan mobile cabin hospital, which was restructured and entrusted in Jiangxia District of Wuhan city.(Fu Jing)<br /> <br /> ==Part 4e==<br /> <br /> <br /> ====付静 Fu Jing====<br /> <br /> “中医药早期介入干预，稳定人心，减少新发患者，从源头上防控疫情蔓延发挥了作用。”湖北省卫健委中医综合处负责人介绍说，仅武汉市面向集中隔离观察点隔离人员和有需求 的居家密切接触者，发放中药汤剂近32.1万人份，发放中成药 24.8万人份，隔离人员基本做到中药应服尽服。<br /> <br /> &quot;The early intervention of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played a role in reassuring people, reducing new patients and preventing the spread of the epidemic from the source.&quot; According to the head of TCM general office of Hubei Provincial Health Commission, in Hubei, all infected people isolated in centralized isolation of observation points and close contacts in home quarantine have been distributed nearly 321,000 portions of TCM decoction, and 248,000 Chinese patent medicine, with all isolated people in need basically taking TCM. <br /> <br /> 湖北还以方舱医院为重点，推动中医药全面参与治疗。16 个方舱医院累计收治病例11740人，同步配送中药汤剂和金花 清感胶囊等4种中成药，中药使用率99.93%。在14家定点医疗机构的重症、危重症患者中，也强化中医药全程参与。<br /> Hubei also focuses on shelter hospitals to promote the full participation of TCM in treatment. A total of 11,740 cases were admitted to 16 shelter hospitals, and 4 kinds of Chinese patent medicines including traditional Chinese medicine decoction and Jinhua Qinggan capsule were distributed simultaneously, with the utilization rate of traditional Chinese medicine reaching 99.93%. Among the severe and critically ill patients in 14 designated medical institutions, participation of traditional Chinese medicine in whole treatment process has been strengthened.<br /> <br /> <br /> 2020年2月25日，在江夏方舱医院，湖南中医药大学第一附属医院护士长涂丽准备为新冠肺炎患者实施中医耳穴压豆治疗。武汉江夏方舱是武汉首个以中医院运转模式来迸行临床治疗、管理的方舱医院。医疗团队由釆白多个省份中医院的数百名医护人员组成。（新华社记者 沈伯韩 摄）<br /> On February 25, 2020, in Jiangxia Square Cabin Hospital, the head nurse of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tu Li, was prepared to carry out traditional Chinese medicine ear acupoint bean pressing treatment for patients with COVID-19 patients. Jiangxia shelter is the first shelter hospital in Wuhan to carry out clinical treatment and management in the operation mode of traditional Chinese medicine hospital. The medical team consists of hundreds of medical staff from traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in many provinces.(Photographed by Shen Bohan, reporter of Xinhua Agency)<br /> <br /> ====高燕 Gao Yan====<br /> <br /> 1月25日，61岁的钱先生因持续高热、呼吸困难被送到湖 北省中医院光谷院区急诊科，随后确诊为新冠肺炎，由于基础 疾病多，病情发展快，曾先后两次被宣告病危。<br /> 钱先生后经湖北省中医院急诊科主任李刚副教授团队进行 十多天中西医结合治疗和调理，于2月17日康复出院。<br /> 李刚说：“中医药治疗贯穿钱先生治疗全病程。根据不同 病程，开具’肺炎2号’’肺炎3号’’肺炎4号’和’肺炎5号' 方。他能转危为安，中医药发挥了重要作用。”<br /> 68岁的重症患者霍先生与钱先生同一天出院。两人病程发 展有所不同，治疗过程中，中药使用也略有差异。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> On January 25,61-year-old Mr. Qian was sent to the emergency department in the Guanggu district of Hospital of Hubei Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine due to persistent high fever and dyspnea. Later, he was diagnosed with COVID-19. Due to many underlying conditions and rapid development of the disease, he was declared to be terminally ill twice. After more than ten days of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment and conditioning by the team of associate professor Li Gang, director of the emergency department of Hubei Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mr. Qian recovered and was discharged from the hospital on February 17. Li Gang said: &quot;Chinese medicine treatment is intergrated with the whole course of treatment of Mr. Qian. Prescriptions of &quot;pneumonia No.2,&quot;&quot;pneumonia No.3,&quot;&quot;pneumonia No.4&quot; and &quot;pneumonia No.5&quot; were prescribed according to different courses of disease. He was able to turn the corner, and Chinese medicine played an important role.&quot; Mr. Huo, a 68-year-old critically ill patient, was discharged from the hospital on the same day as Mr. Qian. The course of disease of the two people is different, and the use of traditional Chinese medicine is also slightly different during the treatment.<br /> <br /> <br /> On January 25, 61-year-old Mr. Qian was sent to the emergency department in the Guanggu district of Hubei Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine due to persistent high fever and dyspnea. Later, he was diagnosed with COVID-19. Due to many underlying diseases and rapid development of COVID-19, he was declared to be terminally ill twice. After he was treated and conditioned more than ten days by associate professor Li Gang and his team by integrating TCM and western medicine, Mr. Qian recovered and was discharged from the hospital on February 17. Li Gang, director of the emergency department of Hubei Province Hospital of TCM, said: &quot;TCM treatment was applied into the whole course of Mr. Qian' treatment. Prescriptions of &quot;pneumonia No.2,&quot;&quot;pneumonia No.3,&quot;&quot;pneumonia No.4&quot; and &quot;pneumonia No.5&quot; were prescribed according to different courses of disease. TCM played an important role in curing him.&quot; Mr. Huo, a 68-year-old critically ill patient, was discharged from the hospital on the same day with Mr. Qian. The disease courses of these two people were different, so the uses of TCM were also slightly different correspondingly.<br /> <br /> ====关娜 Guan Na====<br /> <br /> 霍先生入院后，是先采用抗感染的西药，控制炎症反应， 再用中药对症调理的。<br /> 湖北省中医院肺病五科负责人冯毅说，中医药参与治疗， 能促进肺部病灶吸收，减少甚至解决肺组织损伤、肺纤维化等 并发症和后遗症。目前，随访出院患者，均反馈病情稳定且在 逐步康复中。<br /> 相关统计数据显示，湖北确诊病例中医药使用率为 88.93%o截至2月28日24时，全省43家定点中医医院累计 收治确诊病例7246 A,中医药使用率为97.71%，患者发烧、 乏力、咳嗽等症状和影像学表现均明显改善。<br /> 张伯礼等3位院士领导的团队，在武汉临床研究初步结果 也表明，中西医结合总体疗效，明显优于单纯西药治疗。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> After he was admitted to the hospital, Mr.Huo was first treated with anti-infective western medicine to control the inflammatory reaction, and then with Chinese medicine for symptomatic treatment. Feng Yi, the director of the fifth Department of pulmonary Diseases of Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said that the participation of TCM in the treatment can promote the absorption of lung lesions, reduce or even cure complications and sequelae such as lung tissue damage and pulmonary fibrosis. At present, all discharged patients were followed up and reported that their condition was in gradual recovery. According to some related statistics, the usage of TCM can be up to 88.93% in the confirmed cases in Hubei. By 24 o'clock on February 28, 7,246 confirmed cases have been admitted into 43 designated TCM hospitals in Hubei and the usage of TCM is up to 97.71%. The symptoms such as fever, fatigue, cough and imaging manifestations of these patients are significantly improved. The preliminary results of clinical research, which was obtained by the team leading by Zhang Boli and other academicians, shows that the concerted efficacy integrated TCM and western medicine is superior to that of western medicine.<br /> <br /> <br /> After admission, Mr. Huo first adopted anti-infective Western medicine to control inflammation, then used traditional Chinese medicine to recuperate. Feng Yi, Head of the fifth Department of Pulmonary Diseases at Hubei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, implied that the participation of traditional Chinese medicine in treatment could promote the absorption of lung lesions, reduce or even solve the complications and sequelae of lung tissue damage and pulmonary fibrosis. At present, all discharged patients were reported to be in stable state and recovering during follow-up. Relevant statistics showed that the utilization rate of TCM of confirmed cases in Hubei was 88.93%. As of 24:00 on February 28, a total of 7246 confirmed cases had been treated in 43 designated TCM hospitals in Hubei, and the utilization rate of TCM was 97.71%, while significantly improved the symptoms of fever, fatigue, cough and imaging manifestations. The preliminary results of the clinical study in Wuhan led by Zhang Boli and three other academicians also showed that the overall effect of integrated Chinese and Western medicine was much better than that of only Western medicine application.<br /> <br /> ==Part 5==<br /> <br /> ====郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 中西医协同作战成效显著<br /> 金银潭医院是最早尝试中西医结合抢救重症患者和治疗轻 症患者的医院。<br /> 1月25日，大年初一，国家中医药局组织中国中医科学院 广安门医院、中国中医科学院西苑医院中医专家组成25人的医 疗队，赶赴湖北省武汉市新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎防疫一线参 与防治工作。<br /> 医疗队由国家中医药局副局长闫树江带队，中国中医科 学院院长黄璐琦院士领队，广安门医院和西苑医院各派出呼 吸科、急诊科、ICU等科室的6名医师和4名护士，携N95 口罩、手术衣以及部分中药等物资，乘火车前往武汉，提供 中医医疗援助。<br /> 此前，由中国科学院院士、中国中医科学院首席研究员 仝小林，广东省中医院副院长张忠德，中国中医科学院西苑 医院呼吸科主任苗青，首都医科大学附属北京中医医院呼吸 科主任兼肺病研究室主任王玉光组成的高级别中医专家组已 经抵达武汉。<br /> <br /> Remarkable Results with the Cooperation between Chinese and Western Medicine<br /> Yinyintan Hospital was the first hospital to apply the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine to rescue severe patients and treat mild patients. On January 25, the first day of the Chinese New Year, the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine organized a medical team consisting of 25 TCM experts from Guang 'anmen Hospital of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Xiyuan Hospital of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences to participate in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 in Wuhan, Hubei province. The medical team was led by Yan Shujiang, Deputy Director of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Huang Luqi, Academician, President of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. Guang 'anmen Hospital and Xiyuan Hospital each sent six physicians and four nurses from the Respiratory, Emergency and ICU Departments to Wuhan by train, carrying N95 masks, surgical gowns and some traditional Chinese medicine and other supplies to provide TCM medical assistance. Earlier, Tong Xiaolin, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chief Researcher of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhang Zhongde, vice president of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Miao Qing, director of the Respiratory Department of Xiyuan Hospital of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, and Wang Yuguang, Director of the Respiratory Department and Director of the Pulmonary Disease Laboratory of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, have arrived in Wuhan.<br /> <br /> Remarkable Results under the Cooperation between Chinese and Western Medicine<br /> Yinyintan Hospital was the first hospital to apply the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine to rescue severe patients and treat mild patients. On January 25, the first day of the Chinese New Year, the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine organized a medical team consisting of 25 TCM experts from Guang 'anmen Hospital of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Xiyuan Hospital of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences to participate in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 in Wuhan, Hubei province. The medical team was led by Yan Shujiang, Deputy Director of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Huang Luqi, Academician, President of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. Guang 'anmen Hospital and Xiyuan Hospital each sent six physicians and four nurses from the Respiratory, Emergency and ICU Departments to Wuhan by train, carrying N95 masks, surgical gowns and some traditional Chinese medicine and other supplies to provide TCM medical assistance. Earlier,Many people have arrived in Wuhan, including Tong Xiaolin, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chief Researcher of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhang Zhongde, vice president of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Miao Qing, director of the Respiratory Department of Xiyuan Hospital of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, and Wang Yuguang, Director of the Respiratory Department and Director of the Pulmonary Disease Laboratory of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University.<br /> <br /> ====侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====<br /> <br /> <br /> 出发前，黄璐琦就做了充足准备：研读疫情有关报道和科 研文章，分析非典期间中医药发挥的优势和特色，梳理治疗方 案；组建医疗队，培训呼吸科、急诊科、ICU等科室的医务人员； 协调沟通武汉医务人员，了解武汉情况，准备防护物资。<br /> 金银潭医院是抗疫的最前沿和主战场之一。在该院坚持中 西医结合，推动中医药全面参与治疗，搭建一个中医药的保障 平台，积极完善中西医结合诊疗方案，对于抗击疫情有着重要 作用。<br /> 1月29日，经过连续几天病区布局、人员调配、药品保障 等准备，国家中医医疗队接管金银潭南一区。这也是疫情发生 后第一个接管重病区的中医医疗队。<br /> 针对医院中药药品不足的现状，医疗队迅速搭建中药供应 保障平台，保证医院药品供应。<br /> <br /> Before setting out, Huang had made adequate preparations: reading relevant reports and scientific research articles on the epidemic, analyzing the advantages and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine during SARS, and sorting out treatment plans; Medical teams have been set up to train medical staff in respiratory, emergency and ICU departments and coordinating and communicating with medical personnel in Wuhan to understand the situation in Wuhan and prepare protective materials.<br /> Jinyintan Hospital is one of the forefront and main battlefields in the fight against the epidemic. The hospital adheres to the combination of Chinese and Western medicine, promotes the full participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment, builds a platform for the protection of traditional Chinese medicine, and actively improves the diagnosis and treatment plan of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, which plays an important role in the fight against the epidemic.<br /> On January 29, after several days of preparation, such as ward layout, staff allocation, and drug support, the National TCM medical team took over the first district of Jinyintan South. This is also the first TCM medical team to take over the critically ill area after the outbreak of the epidemic.<br /> In view of the shortage of traditional Chinese medicine in hospitals, the medical team quickly set up a platform to ensure the supply of traditional Chinese medicine.<br /> <br /> <br /> Before setting out, Huang had made adequate preparations, such as reading relevant reports and scientific research articles on the epidemic, analyzing the advantages and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine during SARS, and sorting out treatment plans; Medical teams have been set up to train medical staff in respiratory, emergency and ICU departments and coordinating and communicating with medical personnel in Wuhan to understand the situation in Wuhan and prepare protective materials.<br /> Jinyintan Hospital is one of the forefront and main battlefields in the fight against the epidemic. The hospital adheres to the combination of Chinese and Western medicine, promotes the full participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment, builds a platform for the protection of traditional Chinese medicine, and actively improves the diagnosis and treatment plan of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, which plays an important role in the fight against the epidemic.<br /> On January 29, after several days of preparation, such as ward layout, staff allocation, and drug support, the National TCM medical team took over the first district of Jinyintan South. This is also the first TCM medical team to take over the critically ill area after the outbreak of the epidemic.<br /> Given the shortage of traditional Chinese medicine in hospitals, the medical team quickly set up a platform to ensure the supply of traditional Chinese medicine.<br /> <br /> ====胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi====<br /> <br /> <br /> “接管病区奠定了中医药防控新型冠状病毒肺炎的基础”, 黄璐琦说，当时医疗队主管的32张病床开辟了中医药防控新冠 肺炎的战场，使中医药能够与西医同台合作。<br /> 病区第一批患者服用中药，第二天就有患者反映：睡眠好 转，咳喘、乏力症状减轻。<br /> “寻找中医药疗效的高级别循证证据，有利于优化临床方 案并加以推广，提高临床救治率。”黄璐琦介绍说，在医疗队 接管金银潭医院病区的同时，中国中医科学院后方科研攻关组 也同步成立，配合武汉前方进行临床数据分析，优化治疗方案。 科研攻关组紧急设计开发了供医护人员使用的症状信息和舌诊 图像采集程序，以及针对方舱医院的患者自述症状采集系统， 为全面开展临床研究提供了技术支撑。<br /> <br /> &quot;Taking over the ward laid the foundation for TCM to prevent and control novel coronavirus pneumonia&quot;, Huang Luqi said that the 32 beds in charge of the medical team at that time opened up a battlefield for TCM to prevent and control COVID-19, enabling TCM to cooperate with western medicine on the same stage. The first batch of patients in the ward took traditional Chinese medicine, and the next day, some patients reported that their sleep improved, cough, asthma, and fatigue symptoms were relieved. &quot;The search for high-level evidence of the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine is conducive to optimizing the clinical plan and promoting it to improve the clinical treatment rate.&quot; Huang Luqi said that while the medical team took over the ward area of Jinyintan Hospital, the rear scientific research team of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine was also set up synchronously to cooperate with the front of Wuhan to analyze clinical data and optimize the treatment plan. The scientific research team has urgently designed and developed the symptom information and tongue image acquisition program for medical staff, as well as the patient's self-reported symptom acquisition system for the shelter hospital, providing technical support for comprehensive clinical research.<br /> <br /> ====黄舒威 Huang Shuwei ====<br /> <br /> 金银潭8名患者经中西医结合治疗，2月3日病愈出院后 不久，张定宇找到黄璐琦和苗青商量，希望在全院进行中西医 结合治疗。<br /> 2月14日晚，湖北省新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控工作指挥 部召开第24场新闻发布会，介绍中医药参与湖北省疫情防控有 关情况。<br /> 黄璐琦在发布会上介绍说，截至2月14日，中国中医科学 院医疗队在金银潭医院负责的床位42张，共收治患者86例， 其中重症65例，危重21例，目前治愈的有33人。<br /> 他说：“我们把出院的患者进行统计对比，中西医结合在 核酸转阴的时间上比纯西药效果显著，在降低发热、咳嗽、乏力、 食欲减退、心慌等十个症状上比西医组的改善也更明显，对淋 巴细胞中性粒细胞的改善也更明显，且中西医结合的平均住院 时间小于西医治疗时间。”<br /> <br /> Eight patients in Jinyintan were treated with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. Shortly after they were discharged from the hospital on February 3, Zhang Dingyu found Huang Luqi and Miao Qing to discuss, hoping to have integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in the hospital. On the evening of February 14, the Headquarters for the Prevention and Control of novel coronavirus Pneumonia in Hubei Province held the 24th press conference to introduce the participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and control of the epidemic in Hubei Province. Huang Luqi said at the press conference that as of February 14, the medical team of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine had 42 beds in charge of the Jinyintan Hospital, and 86 patients had been admitted, including 65 patients with severe diseases and 21 patients with critical diseases. At present, 33 patients have been cured. He said: &quot;We statistically compare the discharged patients. The combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine has a significant effect on the time when nucleic acid turns negative compared with pure western medicine. It also has a more significant improvement on the ten symptoms, such as fever, cough, fatigue, anorexia, and palpitation, than the western medicine group. It also has a more significant improvement on the sex granulocytes in lymphocytes, and the average hospitalization time of the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine is less than the western medicine treatment time.&quot;<br /> <br /> <br /> Eight patients in the Jinyintan Hospital were treated with the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine. Shortly after their discharge on February 3, Zhang Dingyu found Huang Luqi and Miao Qing to discuss, hoping to realize the treatment with the integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine in the whole hospital. On the evening of February 14, the 24th press conference was held by the Headquarters for the Prevention and Control of novel coronavirus Pneumonia in Hubei Province to introduce the participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and control of the epidemic in Hubei Province. Huang Luqi said at the conference that there had been 42 beds in charge of the medical team of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Jinyintan Hospital up to February 14, which has admitted 86 patients, including 65 patients with severe diseases and 21 patients with critical diseases. At present, 33 patients have been cured. “ Through the statistics and comparison of the patients that have been discharged, we can find that the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine has a more significant effect on the time when nucleic acid turns negative compared with pure western medicine, as well as on the improvement of fever, cough, fatigue, anorexia, and palpitation and other ten symptoms and on the recovery of the sex granulocytes in lymphocytes. Meanwhile, the average hospitalization time of the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine is less than the western medicine treatment time.” he said.<br /> <br /> ====姜雨露 Jiang Yulu ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 2020年2月25日,在武汉江夏方舱医院，湖南中医药大学第一附属医院医护人员易琴（前）带领新冠肺炎患者习练八段锦。（新华社记者 沈伯韩 摄）<br /> <br /> On February 25, 2020, Yi Qin (the former), a medical staff from the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, led patients afflicted with COVID-19 to practice Baduanjin, a way to exercise, at the mobile cabin hospital of Wuhan Jiangxia. (Photographed by Shen Bohan, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency)<br /> <br /> <br /> 2020年2月26日，在武汉江夏方舱医院院内的“流动应急智能中药房”里, 工作人员吴志婷把盛有药方中包含的单味药的药瓶取下来后，逐一扫描确认，准备制药。（新华社记者沈伯韩摄）<br /> <br /> On February 26, 2020, in the &quot;Mobile Emergency Intelligent Chinese Pharmacy&quot; of Wuhan Jiangxia mobile cabin hospital, Wu Zhiting, a staff member, took down the bottles containing the single medicine listed in the prescription, scanned them one by one for confirmation and preparation. (Photographed by Shen Bohan, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency)<br /> <br /> <br /> 3月4日，在发布的最新版诊疗方案中，由黄璐琦及团队根据临床不断优化的“化湿败毒方”被列入新冠肺炎重型患者推荐用药处方。“临床疗效才是评价中医药优势的金标准。”黄璐琦介绍说, 截至3月4日，他们这一团队共收治新冠肺炎患者121例，其中中医辨证纯中药治疗出院41例、中西医结合治疗出院32例。所收治新冠肺炎重症患者的病情好转率达到83.61%。<br /> <br /> On March 4, in the latest version of the diagnosis and treatment plan released, &quot;the prescription for removing dampness and detoxification&quot;, continuously optimized by Huang Luqi and his team according to the clinical practice, was included in the recommended prescription for COVID-19 patients with severe disease. &quot;Clinical efficacy is the gold standard for evaluating the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine.&quot; Huang Luqi said. Up to March 4, their team had treated 121 patients with COVID-19, including 41 discharged patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine based on syndrome differentiation and 32 discharged patients treated with integrated traditional and western medicine. The improvement rate of severe patients with COVID-19 reached 83.61%.<br /> <br /> ====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====<br /> <br /> <br /> 截至3月上旬，中国中医科学院，北京中医药大学和天津、 江苏、河南、湖南、陕西等地中医院抽调3300多名医务人员， 组成多支国家医疗队驰援湖北和武汉，分别进驻金银潭医院、 湖北省中西医结合医院、雷神山医院等重点院区，接管部分方舱医院。 <br /> <br /> 2020年2月25日，在武汉江夏方舱医院，湖南中医药大学第一附属医院副 院长、江夏方舱医院副院长朱莹（左）和湖南中医药大学第一附属医院医生戴飞 跃（中）为一名新冠肺炎患者号脉。（新华社记者 沈伯韩 摄）<br /> <br /> <br /> 金银潭医院等几家重点医院中西医结合治疗的成功经验， 很快在武汉推广开来。截至2月28日，武汉已开放的16家 方舱医院收治的7600多位患者基本做到中医治疗全覆盖； 湖北地区中医药参与救治确诊病例57910例，其中治愈出院 21193 例。<br /> <br /> As of early March, more than 3,300 medical personnels from the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Chinese hospitals in Tianjin, Jiangsu, Henan, Hunan and Shaanxi formed several national medical teams to assist Hubei and Wuhan. They were stationed at key hospitals such as Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, and Thunder God Mountain Hospital and also took over some mobile cabin hospitals. <br /> Zhu Ying (left), vice president of the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine and vice President of Jiangxia cabin hospital, and Dai Feiyue (center), a doctor of the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, were checking the pulse of a patient infected by coronavirus at the Jiangxia cabin hospital in Wuhan, February 25, 2020. (Photo by Shen Bohan, Xinhua News Agency)<br /> The successful treatment of combining Chinese and Western medicine in several key hospitals, such as Jinyintan Hospital, soon spread in Wuhan. As of February 28, more than 7,600 patients admitted to 16 hospitals in Wuhan have been treated with TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) to a full coverage. TCM in Hubei has been applied to the treatment in 57,910 confirmed cases, of which 21,193 were cured and discharged.<br /> <br /> As of early March, more than 3,300 medical personnel from the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Chinese hospitals in Tianjin, Jiangsu, Henan, Hunan and Shaanxi formed several national medical teams to assist Hubei and Wuhan. They were stationed at key hospitals such as Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, and Thunder God Mountain Hospital and also took over some mobile cabin hospitals. <br /> The successful treatment of combining Chinese and Western medicine in several key hospitals, such as Jinyintan Hospital, soon goes viral in Wuhan. As of February 28, more than 7,600 patients admitted to 16 hospitals in Wuhan have been treated with TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) to a full coverage. TCM in Hubei has been applied to the treatment in 57,910 confirmed cases, of which 21,193 were cured and discharged.<br /> <br /> ====李鸿 Li Hong====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 延伸阅读：<br /> 一位医生的确诊和治疗康复之路<br /> 从一名医生，到一名新冠肺炎患者，对左东波来说，不过 是两天时间。<br /> 左东波，38岁，武汉东西湖第二人民医院的一名骨科医生。 2020年1月初，他在工作岗位上感染新冠肺炎。<br /> “因为在门诊上班，遇到的患者比较多，也有医生出现发烧。 我没有太在意，口服了奥司他韦，但是效果不好。”左东波回应说。 出现症状后，病情发展之快，是左东波所没有预料到的。<br /> 1月7号，他开始严重发烧，咳嗽更加厉害。他自行打了吊针， 都是门诊上自己开的方子，主要是头抱等药物。当天，左东波 做了一个胸部CT,胸部CT显示肺部有轻度感染。<br /> “一直熬到了 1月9号。9号上午我在上班，当时就已经高 烧到39度多。&quot;<br /> 左东波有种不好的预感，直觉告诉他，这不是简单的感冒。<br /> <br /> <br /> Extended Reading: A Doctor’s Experience of Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation<br /> It only took two days for Zuo Dongbo to go from a doctor to a patient with COVID-19. Zuo Dongbo, 38 years old, was an orthopedic doctor in Wuhan Dongxihu Second People’s Hospital. At the beginning of January 2020, he was infected with COVID-19 on his job. He recalled, “Since I worked in the outpatient department where I met many patients and some doctors also had a fever, so I didn’t care too much about it. I took oseltamivir, but it didn’t work.” However, he did not expect how rapid the disease can go after the onset of symptoms. On January 7th, he began to have a severe fever and cough even badly. He took a sling on his own, which were prescribed by the department, mainly were cephalosporins etc. On the same day, Zuo Dongbo had a chest CT, which showed that there was a slight infection in the lungs. “I was at work on the morning of the 9th, when my fever reached 39 degrees.” Zuo Dongbo had a bad feeling, and his intuition told him that it was not a simple cold.<br /> <br /> ====李佳珺 Li Jiajun====<br /> <br /> <br /> “我从来没有过这样糟糕的感觉。自己平时身体状况很好，喜欢游泳，连药都没买过。” 1月9号，他在化验的时候加做了一个查血，随后又去做了一次CT。<br /> 这次他有点被吓到了：和之前的CT相比，肺部毛玻璃更加明显，而且双肺都有毛玻璃。<br /> 发现病情加重之后，左东波直接住到了东西湖区人民医院 感染科，因为这个医院和他所在的东西湖区第二人民医院对口。 科室的刘主任跟他是好朋友。<br /> 住院后，左东波一直备受煎熬，“从东西湖区人民医院转院时，感觉自己都快不行了。有一种濒死感，就像人淹到水里面一样，一脱离高压氧，根本没办法呼吸。”<br /> 从1月9日入住东西湖人民医院本部，到1月16日下午 转到金银潭医院重症监护室，左东波经历了人生最难熬的一周。<br /> 从东西湖到金银潭，救护车载着左东波驶向生的希望。<br /> <br /> “I have never had this kind of bad feeling. I’m always fighting fit. I love swimming. And I have never bought medicine.” On January 9th, he did an extra blood test when he had the coronavirus test, and then, he had a CT scan examination.<br /> This time he was shocked by the result: compared with the former CT, ground-glass opacity was much more obvious, and the whole lung had GGO.<br /> Knowing his health condition turned worse, Zuo Dongbo was directly hospitalized in the Dongxihu District People’s Hospital Infection Department. This hospital was opposite to the Second Dongxihu District Hospital which he worked at, and the office director Dr liu was his good friend.<br /> Being hospitalized, Zoo Dongbo was suffering from the illness.“On the way leaving the hospital, I felt like I was dying. It’s like drowning, once I stopped having HPO, I cannot breathe.”<br /> From January 9th, moving into the Dongxihu District People’s Hospital, to January 16th, transferring to the Jinyintan Hospital, Zuo Dongbo had had his most unbearable week in his life.<br /> From Dongxihu to Jinyintan, the ambulance carried Zuo Dongbo to the hope of life.<br /> <br /> “I have never had this kind of bad feeling. I’m always fighting fit. I love swimming. And I have never bought medicine.” On January 9th, he did an extra blood test when he had the coronavirus test, and then, he had a CT scan examination. This time he was shocked by the result: compared with the former CT, ground-glass opacity was much more obvious, and the whole lung had GGO. Knowing his health condition turned worse, Zuo Dongbo was directly hospitalized in the Dongxihu District People’s Hospital Infection Department. This hospital was opposite to the Second Dongxihu District Hospital which he worked at, and the office director liu was his good friend. Being hospitalized, Zoo Dongbo was suffering from the illness.“On the way transferring to the hospital, I felt like I was dying. It’s like drowning, once I stopped having HPO, I cannot breathe.” From January 9th, moving into the Dongxihu District People’s Hospital, to January 16th, transferring to the ICU of Jinyintan Hospital, Zuo Dongbo had had his most unbearable week in his life. From Dongxihu to Jinyintan, the ambulance carried Zuo Dongbo to the hope of life.<br /> <br /> ====李可依 Li Keyi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 当他再次醒来时，发现自己已经在金银潭医院了， “我很 庆幸，多亏了我妹妹和妹夫，替我做了一个很重要的决定—— 转到金银潭医院。”<br /> 刚转到金银潭医院，左东波话也说不出来。慢慢地恢复意 识后，他的第一个感受是，这里的护士对待每个患者都如同自 己家人。危重患者治疗要求不能脱氧，只能在床上大小便。年 纪大的患者，翻身时需要几个护士一起做。身为同行和患者， 左东波对于护士们的付出第一次感受得如此深入。<br /> <br /> When he woke up again, he found himself in Jinyintan Hospital, &quot;I am very lucky that thanks to my sister and brother-in-law, they made a very important decision for me - to transfer me to Jinyintan Hospital.&quot; When he was first transferred to Jinyintan Hospital, Zuo Dongbo couldn't even speak. After slowly regaining consciousness, his first feeling was that the nurses here treated every patient like their own family. The treatment for critically ill patients requires that they cannot go off oxygen and can only urinate and defecate in bed. For older patients, it takes several nurses to turn them over. As a peer and a patient, Zuo Dongbo felt the nurses' dedication so deeply for the first time.<br /> <br /> When he woke up again, he found himself in Jinyintan Hospital, &quot;I am very lucky that thanks to my sister and brother-in-law, they made a very important decision for me - to transfer me to Jinyintan Hospital.&quot; When he was first transferred to Jinyintan Hospital, Zuo Dongbo couldn't even speak. After slowly regaining consciousness, his first feeling was that the nurses here treated every patient like their own family. The treatment for critical patients requires that they cannot go off oxygen and can only urinate and defecate in bed. For older patients, it takes several nurses to turn them over. As a peer and a patient, Zuo Dongbo felt the nurses' dedication so deeply for the first time.<br /> <br /> ====李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====<br /> <br /> <br /> 同病房有四个重症患者，左东波眼看着他们一个个地离去， 心里很不是滋味。在转入轻症病房前，左东波主动提议和护理 他的上海支援湖北医疗队队员、复旦大学附属金山医院神经外 科重症监护室主管护师张文英合影留念，互相加油鼓劲。<br /> <br /> There were four critically ill patients in the same ward. Zuo Dongbo was very upset when he watched them leave one by one. Before he was transferred to the mild illness ward, Zuo Dongbo actively proposed to take a group photo with Zhang Wenying, the member of the Shanghai Support Hubei Medical Team and the nurse in charge of the neurosurgery intensive care unit of Jinshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, to cheer each other on.<br /> <br /> There were four critically ill patients in the same ward. Zuo Dongbo was very upset when he watched the other three leave one by one. Before he was transferred to the mild illness ward, Zuo Dongbo suggested to take a photo with Zhang Wenying, a member of the Hubei-Supporting Medical Team of Shanghai and the nurse in charge of the neurosurgery intensive care unit of Jinshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, to cheer each other on.<br /> <br /> 1月31号，因不需要高流量给氧，左东波转到了普通病房。<br /> <br /> On January 31, Zuo Dongbo was transferred to the general ward because he did not need high flow oxygen.<br /> <br /> On January 31, Zuo Dongbo was transferred to the general ward because he did not need high flow oxygen any more.<br /> <br /> 在普通病房，左东波经常跟护士们交流防护方面的问题， 叮嘱他们多注意穿脱细节。“因为穿着防护服，我其实记不住 他们的长相，但确实很感激。”<br /> <br /> In the general ward, Zuo Dongbo often communicated with nurses about protection issues, and told them to pay more attention to the details of wearing and taking off. &quot;I can't remember their looks because I wore protective clothing, but I really appreciate it.&quot;<br /> <br /> In the general ward, Zuo Dongbo often communicated with nurses about protection issues, and told them to pay more attention to the details of wearing and taking off. &quot;I can't remember their looks because they wore protective clothing, but I'm really grateful to them.&quot;<br /> <br /> 从金银潭出院后，左东波进行了 14天的隔离观察。隔离观 察期结束后，左东波又奔赴抗疫战场。<br /> （李杰） <br /> <br /> After discharge from Jinyintan hospital, Zuo Dongbo carried out an isolation observation for 14 days. After the isolation and observation period, Zuo Dongbo went to the anti epidemic battlefield again.<br /> (Li Jie)<br /> <br /> After discharge from Jinyintan hospital, Zuo Dongbo carried out an isolation observation for 14 days. After the isolation and observation period, Zuo Dongbo went to the anti-epidemic battlefield again.<br /> (Li Jie)<br /> <br /> <br /> 金银潭抗疫 纪爭<br /> <br /> Anti epidemic Disciplinary Struggle in Jinyintan<br /> <br /> Anti-epidemic in Jinyintan Hospital A record<br /> <br /> ==Part 6==<br /> <br /> ====李心田 Li Xintian====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 第二早<br /> <br /> 坚守阵地的金银潭战士们<br /> <br /> 白衣作战袍，塵战金银潭。<br /> <br /> 金银潭医院作为抗击新冠肺炎疫情之战的风暴眼 中心，可以说是战争最激烈的地方。医院所有在职干 部职工坚守阵地，毫不退缩，与疫魔展开塵战。<br /> 院长张定宇是这一片战场的主心骨。在他的身后， 是亲密无间的战友——“以身试药”的副院长黄朝 林、为前线战士输送弹药的医院药师们、“生命摆 渡人” 120团队、医院南二病区楼道和病房中进进出 出的白衣天使、为所有医护人员和患者守着“一盏 灯”的后勤员工、争分夺秒寻找病毒“解药”的医院 GCP机构、比任何人都更接近病毒的检验科员工<br /> <br /> 拼渐冻生命与疫魔竟速<br /> <br /> 记疫情“风暴眼”中武汉金银潭医院院长张定宇<br /> <br /> The second morning <br /> <br /> The ground-holding soldiers of Jinyintan Hospital<br /> <br /> With white coat being campaign gown, fighting fiercely in Jinyintan Hospital. <br /> <br /> As the storm eye center of the anti-pandemic battle, Jinyintan Hospital can be seen as the fiercest place of this battle. All the hospital’s cadres in work held the ground without any thought of retreating back and fought fiercely against the evil pandemic. Director Zhang Dingyu was the backbone of this field. Behind him were his close fellow fighters: vice director Huang Chaolin who “tested medicine in person”, pharmacists providing medicine “bullets” for the fighters in the front, the 120 work team who ferried lives, doctors in and out of the corridors and wards of the hospital south No. 2 department, the logistic staff supporting all medical staff and patients, the hospital GCP agency seizing every minute and second to find the cure for the virus, and the clinical laboratory staff who were the closest to the virus. <br /> <br /> Strain an ALS life and race against evil pandemic <br /> <br /> A recording of Director Zhang Dingyu of the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital in the “storm eye” of the pandemic.<br /> <br /> Correction：The second morning <br /> <br /> The ground-holding soldiers of Jinyintan Hospital<br /> <br /> With white coat being campaign gown, fighting fiercely in Jinyintan Hospital. <br /> <br /> As the storm eye center of the anti-pandemic battle, Jinyintan Hospital can be seen as the fiercest place of this battle. All the hospital’s cadres in work held the ground without any thought of retreating back and fought fiercely against the evil pandemic. Director Zhang Dingyu was the backbone of this field. Behind him were his close fellow fighters: vice director Huang Chaolin who “tested medicine in person”, pharmacists providing medicine “bullets” for the fighters in the front, the 120 work team who ferried lives, doctors in and out of the corridors and wards of the hospital south No. 2 department, the logistic staff supporting all medical staff and patients, the hospital GCP agency seizing every minute and second to find the cure for the virus, and the clinical laboratory staff who were the closest to the virus. <br /> <br /> Strain an ALS life and race against evil pandemic <br /> <br /> A recording of Director Zhang Dingyu of the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital in the “storm eye” of the pandemic.<br /> <br /> ====李彦 Li Yan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 生命，有起点，也会有终点。张定宇——武汉抗疫一线一 位医护人员，似乎在按倒计时的方式与生命和时间进行着搏斗。<br /> 手里接打着一个又一个几乎不间断的电话，脚下步子也不 停，还不忘对身边人发出一个又一个清晰的指令……<br /> 这，是武汉市金银潭医院院长张定宇给人的第一印象。<br /> 金银潭，老武汉人都未必熟悉的一家传染病专科医院，这 些天频繁见诸媒体。这里，是最早集中收治不明肺炎患者的医院， 是这场全民抗“疫”之战最早打响的地方。<br /> 张定宇在这场与病毒赛跑、与死神竞速的战事中，已经战 斗了 33天。而他自己，也在同“渐冻症”进行着顽强斗争。<br /> 个性“粗糙”的院长：“幸亏靠了他的暴脾气和果断！”<br /> <br /> Life has a beginning and an end. Zhang Dingyu, a paramedic on the front line of the fight against the epidemic in Wuhan, seems to be fighting for his life and time in a countdown manner.<br /> With phone call after phone call almost non-stop in his hands and his feet on the ground, he is still giving clear instructions to those around him. ......<br /> This, is the first impression given by Zhang Dingyu, the director of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital.<br /> The first thing that struck me was that Zhang Dingyu, the director of the Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan, a specialist hospital for infectious diseases that may not be familiar to any old Wuhaner, is frequently seen in the media these days. It was the first hospital to focus on patients with unknown pneumonia and the first place where the battle against the epidemic was fought.<br /> Zhang Dingyu has been fighting for 33 days in this race against the virus and death. He, too, has been fighting a tough battle against the disease.<br /> The &quot;rough&quot; personality of the dean: &quot;Fortunately, we can rely on his temper and determination!<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Li Ziyu's Version:'''<br /> Life has its beginning as well as its end. Zhang Dingyu, who are fighting on the front line against the epidemic in Wuhan, seems to be fighting for his life against the clock on a countdown basis at the same time.<br /> <br /> As the president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, the first impression he gives is that he almost never stops answering the phone in his hands, never stops walking, and never forgets to issue a clear instruction to other medical workers.<br /> <br /> Jinyintan, a specialist hospital for infectious diseases that old Wuhan residents may not be familiar with, has been frequently reported in the media these days. It was the first hospital where patients with unknown pneumonia were gathered and treated and therefore is seen as the first place where the fight against the epidemic was waged. Zhang Dingyu has been fighting for 33 days in this race against the virus and death, while he is also battling tenaciously against the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis at the same time. When talking about this president with a &quot;rough&quot; personality, people often say: &quot;Fortunately, we can rely on his temper and decisiveness!&quot;<br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> ====李梓玉 Li Ziyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 2019年12月29日，武汉，雾，多云。<br /> 武汉华南海鲜批发市场首批不明肺炎患者转入位于武汉三 环外的金银潭医院。<br /> “当时不少医疗机构也陆续出现不明原因肺炎患者，绝对 不能大意。”多年从事传染病防治，职业敏感让张定宇第一时 间判断，这不是普通的传染病。<br /> 果断决策：他将这些患者迅速集中到隔离病房，穿上防护 服，进隔离区查看症状，分析研判。<br /> 隆冬，一股寒意向张定宇袭来，情况比他想象的要糟。<br /> <br /> '''Li Ziyu's version:''' <br /> <br /> 29 December, 2019, Wuhan, foggy and cloudy. The first batch of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause from Wuhan South China Seafood Wholesale Market were transferred to Jinyintan, a hospital located outside Wuhan's Third Ring Road.<br /> <br /> &quot;At that time, many medical institutions also received patients with pneumonia of unknown cause in succession, which should never be taken lightly.&quot; said Zhang Dingyu. His professional sensitivity that has been developed over many years in the field of infectious disease control led him to make an immediate judgement: this was not an ordinary infectious disease.<br /> <br /> He made a quick decision that all the patients should be gathered in the isolation ward. All medical staff should check the patients' symptoms with protective clothing and then carry out research and analyses. In the middle of winter, Zhang Dingyu was struck by a chill: it could be worse than he had expected.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> correction: In 29 December, 2019, Wuhan was foggy and cloudy. The first batch of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause from Wuhan South China Seafood Wholesale Market were transferred to Jinyintan, a hospital located outside Wuhan's Third Ring Road.<br /> <br /> &quot;At that time, many medical institutions also received patients with pneumonia of unknown cause in succession. This is definitely not something that can be taken lightly.&quot; Having been involving in infectious disease control for many years, Zhang Dingyu's professional sensitivity allowed him to determine at the first time: this was not an ordinary infectious disease.<br /> <br /> He made a quick decision: he quickly gathered these patients in the isolation ward, then went into the isolation area in protective clothing and then carry out research and analyses.In the middle of winter, Zhang Dingyu was struck by a chill: it could be worse than he had expected.<br /> ----<br /> <br /> ====梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 12月30日一早，他再度决策：紧急布置腾退病房，抽调 更多医疗力量，新开两个病区，转入80多名患者，完成清洁消 毒，设备物资人员调配……<br /> 平时少有人知晓的金银潭，拌和着空气中浓浓消毒水味的， 还有凝重紧张的气氛。<br /> 人类与重大疾病斗争史上，未知和恐惧，从来都如影随形； 清醒和果敢，也愈加珍贵地相生相伴。<br /> <br /> 2020年1月2 9S,武汉市金银潭医院院长张定宇回到医院后马上换装投入 工作。（新华社记者 肖艺九 摄）<br />   <br /> 2020年1月29日，武汉金银潭医院院长张定宇接受新华社记者采访。（新 华社记者肖艺九摄）<br /> <br /> Early in the morning of December 30, he made another decision: emergency arrangements to vacate the wards, the deployment of more medical forces, the opening of two new wards, the transfer of more than 80 patients, the completion of the cleaning and disinfection, equipment and materials and personnel deployment ...... usually little-known Jinyintan, mixed with the strong smell of disinfectant water in the air, and the atmosphere of gloomy tension. In the history of mankind's struggle with major diseases, the unknown and fear have always followed each other; sobriety and boldness have become more and more precious together.<br /> <br /> Zhang Dingyu, president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, returns to the hospital and immediately dresses for work on January 2, 2020. (Xinhua News Agency reporter Xiao Yijiu) On January 29, 2020, Zhang Dingyu, president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, was interviewed by Xinhua News Agency. (Photo by Xiao Yijiu, Xinhua News Agency)<br /> <br /> correction：<br /> <br /> Early in the morning of December 30, he made another decision: emergency arrangements to vacate the wards, the deployment of more medical forces, the opening of two new wards, the transfer of more than 80 patients, the completion of the cleaning and disinfection, the deployment of equipment, materials and personnel... Usually little-known Jinyintan is mixed with the strong smell of disinfectant water in the air and the atmosphere of tension. In the history of mankind's struggle with major diseases, the unknown and fear have always followed people; sobriety and boldness have intertwined and become more precious.<br /> <br /> Zhang Dingyu, president of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan, returned to the hospital and immediately dresses for work on January 29, 2020. (Photo/Xinhua News Agency reporter Xiao Yijiu) On January 29, 2020, Zhang Dingyu, president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, was interviewed by Xinhua News Agency. (Photo/Xiao Yijiu, Xinhua News Agency)<br /> <br /> ====廖璐佳 Liao Lujia ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 之后的日子，时钟的钟摆对金银潭、对张定宇、对已知和 未知的所有，似乎都踏上了加速度的轨道。<br /> 不断有新患者转入，相当于医院要不断“换水”，任何一 丝不细致都会弄出乱子。<br /> 早上7点半，往往换班的医护人员还没到，张定宇就已经 到了。“今天收了多少患者？ ” “多少出院？ ”他每次问，都 要回答者脱口而出说出精确数字。“收患者、转患者、管患者， 按道理有些事他可以不管，但他都会到现场亲自过问。”南三 病区主任张丽说。<br /> 张丽2003年曾参与过抗击非典，对传染病防治是见过大 场面的。搁平时，这位资深传染病医生，见了张定宇却多少会 躲着走。“脾气粗糙，你和他说话都不许插嘴”，张丽说。<br /> <br /> In the days that followed, the pendulum of the clock seemed to accelerate for Jin Yintan, Zhang Dingyu, and everything known and unknown. New patients were transferred to the hospital, which means hospital constantly cured former patients, and lack of meticulousness will make a mess. At 7:30 a.m., Zhang Dingyu had already arrived before the medical staff who worked the shift arrived. &quot;How many patients were admitted today? How many are discharges?&quot; Every time he asked, he had the respondents blurt out the exact number. “Accepting, transferring and managing patients are not his business and he can ignore some things, but he will go to the scene to personally inquire.” Zhang Li, director of the South Three ward, said. Zhang Li participated in the fight against SARS in 2003 and has seen big scenes in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Usually, this senior infectious disease doctor would hide away to some extent when he saw Zhang Dingyu. &quot;You have a rough temper, so you are not allowed to interrupt him when you talk to him.&quot; Zhang Li said.<br /> <br /> correction:<br /> In the following days, the pendulum of the clock seemed to have accelerated for Jin Yintan, Zhang Dingyu, and everything known and unknown. New patients were transferred to the hospital, which means hospital constantly cured former patients, and lack of meticulousness will make a mess. At 7:30 a.m., Zhang Dingyu had already arrived before the medical staff who worked the shift arrived. &quot;How many patients were admitted today? How many are discharges?&quot; Every time he asked, he had the respondents blurt out the exact number. “Accepting, transferring and managing patients are not his business and he can ignore some things, but he will go to the scene to personally inquire.” Zhang Li, director of the South Three ward, said. Zhang Li participated in the fight against SARS in 2003 and has seen big scenes in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. In normal times, this senior infectious disease doctor would hide away somewhat when he sees Zhang Dingyu. &quot;He has a rough temper, so you are not allowed to interrupt him when you talk to him.&quot; Zhang Li said.<br /> <br /> ====刘丛领 Liu Congling ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 张丽没想到的是，这次不仅是“粗糙”，更是躲不过去的 “折磨”。“任务布置急、要求高，事无巨细，骂起人来都不 留情面。”<br /> 被“折磨”的张丽在这次危机中却感觉到张定宇“粗糙” 脾气下的细致。“幸亏靠了他的暴脾气和果断。有困难找他， 总会有办法。现在看到他的身影，有种踏实的感觉。”<br /> 1月8日，国家卫健委公布，初步确认“新型冠状病毒” 为此次疫情的病原。<br /> 武汉，九省通衢，有1100万人口。几乎一夜间，成为一 场波及全球疫情的“风暴眼”。<br /> “风暴眼”中：“有他在，医护人员、患者、家属心里都有底。” 疫情袭来，冲击着每一个人。坚毅，能不能战胜恐慌？ 武汉，紧张中蕴含着不安和骚动。金银潭医院病区内，呼 叫医务服务的铃声此起彼伏，与病楼外疏落的人影形成强烈的 反差。<br /> Zhang Li did not expect that this time is not only &quot;rough&quot;, but also an unavoidable &quot;torture&quot;. &quot;The task is urgent and demanding, so there is no mercy in scolding people.&quot; &quot;Tortured&quot; Zhang Li in this crisis found Zhang Dingyu’ meticulousness under his cover of &quot;rough&quot; temper. &quot;Thanks to his temper and determination. He can always find out a solution when you are stuck in trouble. I feel a sense of security when I see him.&quot; On January 8, the National Health Commission announced that the novel coronavirus was initially identified as the cause of the outbreak. Wuhan, a thoroughfare of nine provinces and home to 11 million people, became the epicentre of a global pandemic all but overnight. In the &quot;eye of the storm&quot;, his being makes medical staff, patients, family members feel secure. The rampant epidemic was affecting everyone. Can perseverance conquer panic? In Wuhan, there is unease and commotion in the tension. In the ward of Jinyintan Hospital, the sound of the bell calling for medical services is repeated one after another, in sharp contrast to the scattered figures outside the building.<br /> <br /> Correction:<br /> Zhang Li did not expect that this time it was not only “rough”, but also an unavoidable “torture”. “The task is urgent and demanding, so there is no mercy in scolding people.” “Tortured” Zhang Li in this crisis found Zhang Dingyu’s meticulousness under his cover of “rough” temper. “Thanks to his hot temper and determination, he can always find out a solution when you are stuck in trouble. I feel a sense of security when I see him.” On January 8, the National Health Commission announced that the novel coronavirus was initially identified as the cause of the outbreak. Wuhan, a thoroughfare of nine provinces and home to 11 million people, became the epicentre of a global pandemic all but overnight. In the “eye of the storm”, having him there, the medical staff, patients and all family members felt secure. The rampant epidemic was affecting everyone. Could perseverance conquer panic? In Wuhan, there was unease and commotion in the tension. In the ward of Jinyintan Hospital, the sound of the bell calling for medical services rang one after another, in sharp contrast to the scattered figures outside the building.<br /> <br /> ====刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu ====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> “风暴眼”中，张定宇走着、说着。<br /> 对患者，他是一种语气。<br /> “您家莫急莫急，我马上安排人出来接。”<br /> 对下级，他是另一种态度。<br /> “搞快点，搞快点，这个事情一点都等不得，马上就搞。” 严厉，但是镇定。<br /> 张定宇告诉大家：对呼吸道传染病不必过于恐慌，按要 求做好防护就没危险。“我们要胆大心细！有什么责任有我 担着。”<br /> 他身后，从一个病区，到一栋楼，到三栋楼；护士从两小 时交接班一次，延长到四五个小时一次；医生更是恨不得把一 个人掰成两个人来用……<br /> “去年12月29日到现在，他没休过一天，只有两个晚上 离开医院稍微早些。”金银潭医院党委书记王先广说。给他留 下深刻印象的还有这位搭档蹒跚的身影。<br /> <br /> In the “eye of the storm”, Zhang Dingyu walked and talked. To the patient, he said in a soothing voice, “Don’t worry. I’ll have someone pick you up right away.” To his subordinates, however, he has a different attitude, “Hurry up, hurry up! This can’t be put off. We must do it right now.” He was strict, but calm. Zhang Dingyu told everyone: there was no need to panic about respiratory infections. There would be no danger if everyone took proper precautions as required. “We must be bold but careful! I will take responsibility for whatever it is.” Behind him, it went from one ward, to one building, then to three buildings; nurses shift from once every two hours to once every four or five hours; doctors wished they could divide themselves into two... “Since December 29th last year, he has not taken a day off. Only two nights did he leave the hospital a little early.” said Wang Xianguang, the party secretary of Jinyintan Hospital. He was also impressed by the staggering figure of his partner.<br /> <br /> In the “eye of the storm”, Zhang Dingyu walked and talked. To the patient, he said in a soothing voice, “Don’t worry. I’ll have someone pick you up right away.” To his subordinates, however, he has a different attitude, “Hurry up, hurry up! This can’t be put off. We must do it right now.” He was strict but calm. Zhang told everyone: there was no need to be over panic about respiratory infections. There would be no danger if everyone took proper precautions as required. “We must be bold but careful! I will take responsibility for everything.” Behind him, it went from one ward, to one building, then to three buildings; nurses shift from once every two hours to once every four or five hours; doctors wished they could divide themselves into two... “Since December 29th last year, he has not taken a day off. Only two nights did he leave the hospital a little early.” said Wang Xianguang, the party secretary of Jinyintan Hospital. He was also impressed by the staggering figure of his partner.<br /> <br /> ====刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 越来越多的同事发现，一向脚步如风的院长下楼梯脚步越 来越慢。面对越来越多人的追问，张定宇终于承认：“我得了 渐冻症，两年前就犯病了，下楼吃力，更怕摔倒。”<br /> 渐冻症是一种罕见病症，慢慢会进展为全身肌肉萎缩和吞 咽困难，直至呼吸衰竭。“我特别怕下楼，必须扶着。平时， 我下楼都会抓住我爱人。”<br /> “多少次问他，都说膝关节动过手术。”感染科主任文丹 宁说。直至这次，她和其他同事才回过神来，“为什么他脚步 高低不平，上下楼一定要抓紧扶手，慢慢挪。”<br /> 北七病区护士长贾春敏却不承认。“他明明走得好快！ ” 1 月21日晚腾退完病房后，正等待转入新患者，贾春敏就接到张 定宇电话：“五分钟到北7楼，看新病区还差些什么？ ”<br /> 放下电话，贾春敏赶着拉上装物资的小推车一路小跑。“他 从办公室到北7楼比我远，等我到的时候，他已经在那儿了。” 贾春敏说，“平时他老跟不上我们，但他拼的时候，我们跟不 上他。”<br /> “有他在，医护人员、患者、家属心里都有底。”文丹宁说。<br /> <br /> More and more colleagues found that the director who walked so fast in the past now was slow when walking down the stairs. Facing with increased questions, Zhang Dingyu eventually admitted that, “I got ALS two years ago. At that time, it was hard for me to walk down the stairs, and I was more afraid of falling.” ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) is a rare disease, and it would gradually cause systemic amyotrophy and dysphagia until respiratory failure happens. “I specially terrify of going downstairs, so I must hold something when I doing that. I usually grasp my wife when walking down.” Wen Danning, the head of infectious disease department, said, “I have asked him for several times, but he just told me that he had a surgery on his knee.” She and her colleagues were not realized that until this time, “That is why his steps are uneven and he always walks slowly while going up and down the stairs with grasping the handrail firmly.” Jia Chunmin, the head nurse of North No.7 ward area, didn’t acknowledge that, “He walks so fast obviously!” After clearing all the wards and waiting for new patients on January 21, Jia received Zhang’s call, “I will arrive the North No.7 building, please check what should be implemented.” Jia ran with a small cart to carry supplies immediately after putting down her phone. “The distance between his office and the building is further than I have. But when I arrive there, he is already there.” Jia said, “He can’t follow us in ordinary time, but we can’t follow him when he works so hard.” Wen Daning said, “Medical workers, patients and family members of them are relieved for he is being there.”<br /> <br /> ====刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 33天和30分钟：“没说太多话，都很疲惫，只是离开时 叮嘱了下：保重。”<br /> 慢和快，在张定宇身上，在疫情发生后，组成奇妙的复合体。<br /> 清早6点钟起床、次日凌晨1点左右睡觉，不知不觉成了 常态。好几个夜晚，张定宇凌晨2点刚躺下，4点就被手机叫醒。<br /> 情和痛，也不知从什么地方会来个突然袭击。<br /> 金银潭医院收治首批患者22天后，张定宇得到消息：在武 汉另一家医院工作的妻子，在工作中被感染新型冠状病毒，住 进相隔十多公里的另一家医院。<br /> 妻子入院三天后，晚上11点多，张定宇赶紧跑去探望， 却只待了不到半小时。“没说太多话，都很疲惫，只是离开时 叮嘱了下：保重。”采访时，张定宇不愿多回忆那宝贵的30 分钟。<br /> “实在是没时间。我很内疚，我也许是个好医生，但不是 个好丈夫。”眼前这位五大三粗，和普通人眼中医生形象很不 匹配的硬汉，眼圈忽然红了。“我们结婚28年了，刚开始两天 她状态不好，我就怕她扛不过去。”<br /> <br /> <br /> 33 days and 30 minutes: &quot;He didn't say much, very tired, but when he left, he told me to take care.&quot;<br /> Slow and fast, in Zhang Dingyu, after the outbreak, form a wonderful compound.<br /> Waking up at 6 a.m. and going to bed at 1 a.m. the next morning became the routine without realizing it. On several nights, Zhang was woken up by his cell phone at 4 a.m. after just lying down at 2 a.m.<br /> He didn't know where and when the pain and emotions would come out of nowhere.<br /> Twenty-two days after the first patients were hospitalized at Jinyintan Hospital, Zhang got the news that his wife, who worked at another hospital in Wuhan, had been infected with the new coronavirus at work and was sent to another hospital more than 10 kilometers away.<br /> Three days after his wife was sent to the hospital, at 11 p.m., Zhang rushed to visit, but stayed less than half an hour. He didn't say much, he was very exhausted, but when he left, he said, &quot;Take care.&quot; At the time of the interview, Zhang Dingyu did not want to recall the precious 30 minutes.<br /> &quot;I really didn't have time. I feel guilty, I may be a good doctor, but I'm not a good husband.&quot; The man in front of me, who is big and bold and does not match the image of a doctor in the eyes of ordinary people, suddenly has red eyes. &quot;We've been married for 28 years, and when she was in bad condition for the first two days, I was afraid she wouldn't make it.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing====<br /> <br /> 不能完全停下来，也不能时时刻刻在动。张定宇的渐冻病 需要比别人更好掌握这个度。<br /> 几乎没时间去看患病的妻子，却又搁不下、放不了挂念， 没法想象张定宇心里怎么过的这道坎。<br /> 一个多月，夜以继日，张定宇病了。躺在床上输液时，手 里仍拿着各种材料数据了解患者情况、重症人数、救治进展， 布置各项工作……刚刚好一点，只要可能，张定宇都会再穿上 被称为“猴服”的防护服，从患者通道走到隔离病房，走到重 症室查房。<br /> “穿着防护服，走路都能听到呼吸、心跳，出来前心后背 都湿透了。”张定宇的感受，是疫情笼罩下，医护人员最真实 的感受。<br /> 好在，坎过去了。妻子在入院十天后的1月29日下午，痊 愈出院。这个消息让已经了解张定宇，知道了这样一位战“疫” 勇士事迹的人们，都松了一口气。<br /> 急切的记者电话核实这个压抑中难得的好消息时，已经是 晚上11点了。开车回家路上的张定宇说了一句话：“对，两次 核酸检测呈阴性。”<br /> 张定宇的“三重身份”：“无论哪个身份，在这非常时期、 危急时刻，都没理由退半步，必须坚决顶上去！”<br /> 共产党员、院长、医生，是张定宇的三重身份。<br /> “无论哪个身份，在这非常时期、危急时刻，都没理由退 半步，必须坚决顶上去！”张定宇说。<br /> You can't stop completely, nor can you move all the time. Zhang Dingyu's acromegaly requires a better grasp of this than others.<br /> It is impossible to imagine how Zhang Dingyu's heart can survive this hurdle when he barely has time to see his sick wife, but cannot put aside or let go of his worries.<br /> For more than a month, night and day, Zhang Dingyu became ill. While lying in bed receiving an infusion, he was still holding various materials and data to understand the situation of the patients, the number of serious cases, the progress of treatment, and to set up various tasks. ...... Whenever possible, Zhang Dingyu would put on his protective suit, known as the &quot;monkey suit&quot;, and walk from the patient corridor to the isolation ward and to the intensive care unit. The first time I saw him, I was in the hospital.<br /> &quot;In the suit, I could hear my breathing and heartbeat when I walked, and the back of my heart was soaked through before I came out.&quot; Zhang Dingyu's feelings are the most realistic of the health care workers in the grip of the epidemic.<br /> The good news is that the hurdle has passed. Ten days after his wife was admitted to hospital, on the afternoon of 29 January, she was discharged. The news was a relief to those who already knew about Zhang Dingyu and the story of such a warrior in the battle against the epidemic.<br /> It was already 11pm when an eager reporter called to verify this rare and depressing news. On the drive home, Zhang Dingyu said, &quot;Yes, the two nucleic acid tests were negative.<br /> Zhang Dingyu's &quot;triple identity&quot;: &quot;No matter which identity, there is no reason to take a half-step back at this extraordinary and critical time, we must resolutely go up!<br /> The triple identity of Zhang Dingyu is that of a Communist Party member, a director and a doctor.<br /> &quot;No matter which identity he has, there is no reason to take a half-step back in these extraordinary and critical times. Zhang Dingyu said.<br /> <br /> You can't stop completely, nor can you move all the time. Zhang Dingyu's Als requires a better grasp of this than others.For more than a month, night and day, Zhang Dingyu was sick. While lying in bed getting an infusion, he still had various materials and data in his hand to understand the patient's condition, the number of serious cases, the progress of treatment, and to set up various tasks ...... Whenever possible, Zhang Dingyu would put on the protective suit called &quot;monkey suit&quot; again and walk from the patient's passage to the isolation ward and to the intensive care unit. The company's main business is to provide a wide range of products and services.<br /> &quot;Wearing a protective suit, you can hear breathing and heartbeat when you walk, and you come out all wet.&quot; Zhang Dingyu's feelings are the most realistic feelings of health care workers under the epidemic's grip.&quot;In the suit, I could hear my breathing and heartbeat when I walked, and the back of my heart was soaked through before I came out.&quot; Zhang Dingyu's feelings are the most realistic of the health care workers in the grip of the epidemic.<br /> The good news is that the hurdle has passed. Ten days after his wife was admitted to hospital, on the afternoon of 29 January, she was discharged. The news was a relief to those who already knew about Zhang Dingyu and the story of such a warrior in the battle against the epidemic.<br /> It was already 11pm when an eager reporter called to verify this rare and depressing news. On the drive home, Zhang Dingyu said, &quot;Yes, the two nucleic acid tests were negative.<br /> Zhang Dingyu's &quot;triple identity&quot;: &quot;No matter which identity, there is no reason to take a half-step back at this extraordinary and critical time, we must resolutely go up!<br /> The triple identity of Zhang Dingyu is that of a Communist Party member, a director and a doctor.<br /> &quot;No matter which identity he has, there is no reason to take a half-step back in these extraordinary and critical times. Zhang Dingyu said.<br /> <br /> ====鲁思 Lu Si ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 57岁的张定宇，从一名普通医生起步，先后担任武汉市四 医院副院长，武汉血液中心主任。<br /> 从医33年，他曾随中国医疗队出征，援助阿尔及利亚； 2011年除夕，作为湖北第一位“无国界医生”，出现在巴基斯 坦西北的蒂默加拉医院……<br /> 他和同事们的身影，也曾出现在重大灾害发生的现场。 2008年5月14日，四川汶川地震第三天，他带领湖北省第三 医疗队出现在重灾区什都市……<br /> “像张定宇这样的党员干部，始终冲在最前线，让大家都感觉特别有主心骨。”张丽说。<br /> <br /> 2020年1月29日，由于渐冻症的关系，张定宇爬起楼时十分不便。（新华 社记者肖艺九摄）<br /> <br /> Zhang Dingyu, 57, started out as a general practitioner and has served as vice president of Wuhan Hospital IV and director of Wuhan Blood Center. On New Year's Eve 2011, as the first &quot;Doctors Without Borders&quot; in Hubei, he appeared at the Timergala Hospital in northwest Pakistan ....... He and his colleagues have also appeared at the scene of major disasters. He and his colleagues have also been on the scene of major disasters. On May 14, 2008, the third day of the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province, he led the third medical team from Hubei Province in the hardest-hit city of Shidu. ......Zhang Li said, &quot;Party members like Zhang Dingyu are always at the front line, making everyone feel especially at ease.&quot; <br /> <br /> January 29, 2020, due to the relationship of acromegaly, Zhang Dingyu climb up the building is very inconvenient.<br /> <br /> Zhang Dingyu, 57, started out as a general practitioner and has served as vice president of Wuhan Hospital IV and director of Wuhan Blood Center. With 33 years of medical service, he once went on an expedition with the Chinese medical team to help Algeria. On New Year's Eve 2011, as the first &quot;Doctors Without Borders&quot; in Hubei, he appeared at the Timergala Hospital in northwest Pakistan ....... He and his colleagues have also been on the scene of major disasters. On May 14, 2008, the third day of the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province, he led the third medical team from Hubei Province in the hardest-hit city of Shidu. ......Zhang Li said, &quot;Party members and cadres like Zhang Dingyu are always at the front line, making everyone feel especially at ease.&quot; <br /> <br /> January 29, 2020, it was very inconvenient for Zhang Dingyu to climb up the building due to the ALS.<br /> <br /> ====陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin ====<br /> <br /> 55岁的南六病区主任陈南山顶上去了！<br /> <br /> Chen Nanshan, the 55 year old director of South No.6 Ward, pressed on!<br /> <br /> Chen Nanshan, the 55 year old director of South No.6 Ward, pressed on!<br /> <br /> 在春节期间人手最紧张的时候，临危受命，参与两个ICU病区建立，最多的时候1人管理3个病区近百名患者。<br /> <br /> During the Spring Festival, when the staff was most scarce, he was assigned to take part in the establishment of two ICU wards. At most, one person managed nearly 100 patients in three wards.<br /> <br /> During the Spring Festival, when the staff was most scarce, he was assigned to take part in the establishment of two ICU wards. At most, one person managed nearly 100 patients in three wards.<br /> <br /> 南四病区副主任余婷和同在医院护士岗位的妻子顶上去 T!夫妻俩把上小学的孩子丢给父母，坚守一线30多天。<br /> <br /> Yu Ting, the deputy director of South No.4 Ward, and his wife, who was also a nurse in the hospital, pressed on! The couple left their children in primary school to their parents and stuck to the front line for more than 30 days.<br /> <br /> Yu Ting, the deputy director of South No.4 Ward, and his wife, who was also a nurse in the hospital, pressed on! The couple left their children in primary school to their parents and stuck to the front line for more than 30 days.<br /> <br /> 一米五出头，看着柔弱的ICU病区主任吴文娟顶上去了！ 从首批不明原因肺炎患者入院，直到自己因疑似感染新型冠状病毒被隔离才下火线。<br /> <br /> At a height of just over 150 centemeters, Wu Wenjuan, the ICU ward director who looked delicate, pressed on! From the first batch of patients with unexplained pneumonia were admitted to the hospital, Wu continued working in the front line until she was quarantined for suspected infection with novel coronavirus.<br /> <br /> At a height of just over 150 centemeters, Wu Wenjuan, the ICU ward director who looked delicate, pressed on! From the first batch of patients with unexplained pneumonia were admitted to the hospital, Wu continued working in the front line until she was quarantined for suspected infection with the COVID-19.<br /> <br /> 金银潭医院240多名党员顶上去了!没有一个人迟疑、退缩， 全部挺在急难险重岗位。有了张定宇和党员们，600多名职工 全部坚守岗位，从未有人主动要“下火线”。<br /> <br /> More than 240 Party members of Jinyintan Hospital pressed on! No one hesitated or retreated, and they were all in urgent and dangerous positions. With Zhang Dingyu and the Party members, more than 600 employees all stuck to their posts, and no one had ever taken the initiative to leave the front line.<br /> <br /> More than 240 Party members of Jinyintan Hospital pressed on! No one hesitated or retreated, and they were all in urgent and dangerous positions. With Zhang Dingyu and the Party members, more than 600 employees all stuck to their posts, and no one had ever taken the initiative to leave the front line.<br /> <br /> ====马明宇 Ma Mingyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 战疫魔，金银潭医院动起来了，武汉动起来了，全中国动 起来了。战事还远未结束，还会有惨烈，有悲壮，甚至牺牲。<br /> <br /> The plague whisperer, Jinyintan Hospital has moved, Wuhan has moved, and the whole of China has moved. The war is far from over, there will be miserable, tragic and even sacrifice. <br /> <br /> <br /> The war against the epidemic is on, the Jinyintan Hospital is on the move, Wuhan is on the move, and all of China is on the move. The war is far from over, and there will be tragedy, tragedy and even sacrifice.<br /> <br /> <br /> “健康所系，性命相托”。对张定宇们，这是践行的誓言！ 对无数民众，这是力量所在，希望所在。<br /> <br /> &quot;Tie with health, entrust by life.&quot; For Zhang Dingyu and other doctors, this is the oath to practice! For millions of people, this is where strength lies and hope lies. <br /> <br /> &quot;When health is at stake, lives are at stake&quot;. For Zhang Dingyu and other doctors, this is a vow to be fulfilled! For countless people, this is where strength and hope lie.<br /> <br /> 动如风火的张定宇也有个希望，在自己能动的时候，跑赢 这次与新型冠状病毒的赛跑。<br /> <br /> Zhang Dingyu, who moves like wind and fire, also has a hope that he will win the race against the COVID-19 when he is active. <br /> <br /> Zhang Dingyu, who moves like wind and fire, also has a hope that he will win the race against the COVID-19 when he is active. <br /> <br /> <br /> “我会慢慢失去知觉，将来会真的跟冻住了一样。”张定 宇下意识地摸了摸腿，“慢慢我会缩成小小一团，固定在轮椅上。 每个渐冻患者，都是看着自己一点点消逝的……”<br /> <br /> &quot;I'll lose consciousness slowly, and I'll be really frozen in the future.&quot; Zhang Dingyu subconsciously touched his leg. &quot;Slowly I will shrink into a small ball and stay in a wheelchair.&quot; Every patient who has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is watching himself disappear little by little...&quot; <br /> <br /> &quot;I'll lose consciousness slowly, and I'll be really frozen in the future.&quot; Zhang Dingyu subconsciously touched his leg. &quot;Slowly I will shrink into a small ball and stay in a wheelchair.&quot; Every patient who has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is watching himself disappear little by little...&quot; <br /> <br /> <br /> “生命留给我的时间不多了。必须跑得更快，才能跑赢时间， 把重要的事情做完。”<br /> <br /> &quot;I don't have much time left. So I have to run faster to beat the time and get the important things done.&quot;<br /> <br /> <br /> &quot;I don't have much time left. So I have to run faster to beat the time and get the important things done.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====彭琦 Peng Qi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 2020年1月27 B,在武汉金银潭医院综合病区楼，张定宇在联系协调工作。 （新华社发柯皓摄）<br /> 伴着高低不平的脚步，和电话那头急促的声音,张定宇转身， 朝着隔离病区走去……<br /> 1月31日，难得的冬日暖阳照进了这座非常的江城。<br /> 下午5点左右，消息传来：20名新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎 患者从金银潭医院集体出院，最大年龄患者64岁，最小年龄 15岁。这是疫情发生以来同时出院人数最多的一次。<br /> 截至目前，金银潭医院累计出院确诊患者72例。<br /> （新华社武汉2020年1月31日电 记者钱彤、李鹏翔、 侯文坤、黎昌政）<br /> Zhang Dingyu contacts and coordinates work in the general ward building of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan on January 27, 2020. (Xinhua News Agency photo by Ke Hao)<br /> With uneven footsteps and an urgent voice on the other end of the phone, Zhang Dingyu turns around and walks towards the isolation ward ......<br /> The rare warm winter sun shone into the city of Wuhan on January 31.<br /> At around 5 pm, the news came in that 20 pneumonia patients with novel coronavirus infection were discharged from Jinyintan Hospital, the oldest patient 64 years old and the youngest 15 years old. This is the largest number of patients discharged at the same time since the outbreak began.<br /> So far, a total of 72 patients have been discharged from Jinyintan Hospital with confirmed cases.<br /> (Xinhua News Agency, Wuhan, January 31, 2020 - Reporters Qian Tong, Li Pengxiang, Hou Wenkun and Li Changzheng)<br /> <br /> <br /> On January 27, 2020, Zhang Dingyu (pictured by Ke Hao at Xinhua News Agency) worked on contacts and coordination in the general ward building of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan. With uneven footsteps and an urgent voice from the phone, Zhang Dingyu turned around and walked towards the isolation ward… <br /> The warm winter sun rarely shone into the city of Wuhan on January 31. <br /> At around 5 P.M., the news came in that, 20 pneumonia patients with novel coronavirus infection, ranging from 15 to 64 years old, were discharged from Jinyintan Hospital. It the largest release since the epidemic outbreak. <br /> So far, 72 patients in total have been discharged from Jinyintan Hospital with confirmed cases. (Xinhua News Agency, Wuhan, January 31, 2020 - Reporters Qian Tong, Li Pengxiang, Hou Wenkun and Li Changzheng)<br /> <br /> ====漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 老搭档眼中的张定宇<br /> “好搭档好同事，好兄弟好战友。作风硬朗，遇到问题从 来不退缩。”这是金银潭医院党委书记王先广对张定宇的评价。 王先广和张定宇搭班子，两人再熟悉不过。他也比医院任何人 都早一些知道张定宇渐冻症的病情。<br /> 王先广和张定宇都是医生，比常人更加了解渐冻症的后果 和危险性。王先广说，其实张定宇这个病，是需要好好回家洗 个热水澡的，既不能完全停下来，也不能时时刻刻在动。他需 要掌握这个度，但是他又不能掌握这个度，因为工作在不断推 着他动，最初30多天，张定宇有好几个通宵只是在办公室沙发 上打了个盹。<br /> 尽管张定宇用了一些治疗方法，但仍然没有明显向好的方 向转化的迹象。王先广心里也很难受,渐冻症患者肌肉萎缩以后， 力量就会受限制，有一次下楼的时候，张定宇差一点摔倒下去， 因为腿没有支撑能力。张定宇私下多次跟他说，两个人在一起 的时候让王先广扶一下他。<br /> <br /> <br /> Eyed as an excellent partner, nice colleague, intimate brother and reliable comrade by the old partner, resolutely Zhang Dingyu keeps moving on when encountering problems. This is what Wang Xianguang, secretary of the Party committee of Jinyintan Hospital, said about Zhang. Owing to common shifts, Wang and Zhang are familiar with each other. Wang also knows how Zhang 's progressive frostbite is like earlier than anyone in the hospital. Wang and Zhang, both doctors, are much clear about the consequences and risks of progressive frostbite than ordinary people. In fact, Zhang's illness needs to go home and take a warm bath, said Wang. It can neither stop completely nor be active all the time. The degree needs to be under control but he can't, because his work keeps pushing him. In the first 30 days, Zhang just took a nap on the office sofa several nights. Although Zhang has used some treatment methods, there is still no obvious sign of improvement. Wang was also very upset. After the muscle atrophy of the patients with progressive frostbite, their strength would be limited. Once, when he went downstairs, Zhang almost fell down because his legs could not support him. Zhang told him many times in private that Wang would help him when they were together.<br /> <br /> In the eyes of his old partner， Zhang Dingyu is a &quot;Good partner, good colleague, good brother, good comrade. His style is tough, and he never flinches when he encounters problems.&quot; This is the evaluation of Zhang Dingyu by Wang Xianguang, secretary of the Party Committee of Jinyintan Hospital. Wang Xianguang and Zhang Dingyu team up, the two are familiar with each other. He also knew about Zhang Dingyu's acromegaly earlier than anyone else in the hospital.<br /> Wang Xianguang and Zhang Dingyu are both doctors and understand the consequences and dangers of acromegaly better than normal people. Wang Xianguang said, in fact, Zhang Dingyu's disease, is the need to go home and take a hot bath, can not completely stop, but also can not move all the time. He needs to master this degree, but he can not, because the work is constantly pushing him to move, the first 30 days, Zhang Dingyu just stayed in the office sofa doze for a number of overnight.<br /> Despite the treatment methods Zhang Dingyu used, there were no obvious signs of transformation for the better. Wang Xianguang was also very upset, because after the muscle atrophy of patients with acromegaly, their strength would be limited, and once when he went downstairs, Zhang Dingyu almost fell down because his legs had no support. Zhang Dingyu told him many times in private that he should let Wang Xianguang help him when they were together.<br /> <br /> ====覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====<br /> <br /> 疫情发生以来，来金银潭医院指导交流的专家越来越多， 原本就很疲乏的张定宇，脚步跟不上，只好叫班子其他领导送。<br /> “不是因为他自己受不了，而是来了这么多专家，没有接送， 对不住大家。大家来支援指导我们，没有按照礼节做到位，所 以把原因说明下，更多人也就知道了他渐冻症的情况。”<br /> “没有誓师，没有举旗喊口号，就是一线战地动员，像张定宇这样的党员自觉往前线走，带动其他医院员工动起来。” 在王先广眼里，张定宇真的是面对生死而不变色，“有险情他 一定第一个冲上去”。<br /> 很多人都说张定宇是个“急脾气”，对此王先广非常理解， 作为院长，张定宇做事风风火火，敢于担当，冲在前、干在前， 这是他的优点。有时候如果拖延一点，甚至会耽误一条生命， “所以他说话做事都不喜欢拖泥带水，不管是我跟他讨论问题， 还是其他下属向他汇报工作，他都会让大家直入主题”。<br /> 在王先广眼里，张定宇是一头狮子，敢冲敢拼，发起脾气来, 暴跳如雷，但是一头温情的狮子，很细心、很细致、很关心人。<br /> <br /> Since the outbreak, more and more experts came to Jinyintan Hospital for guidance and exchange. Zhang Dingyu, who was already very tired, could not keep up and had to ask other leaders of the team to send him.<br /> &quot;It's not because he couldn't stand it, but he felt sorry for all the experts who came without transportation. You guys all came to support and guide us, but we didn't do it according to the etiquette. So I decided to explain the reason, and more people will know about his acromegaly.&quot;<br /> &quot;No pledge, no flag， no slogans, as if a front-line battlefield mobilization, all of the party members like Zhang Dingyu consciously to the front line, driving other hospital staff to act.&quot; In the eyes of Wang Xianguang, Zhang Dingyu really can not cahnge color when he face the life and death, &quot;when there are dangerous situations he must be the first to rush up&quot;.<br /> Many people say Zhang Dingyu is a &quot;impetuous temper&quot;, which Wang Xianguang understands very well. As a dean, Zhang Dingyu do things very quick, daring to take charge, rushing ahead, trying in front, that are all his advantages. Sometimes if you delay a little, you would even delay a life, &quot;so he does not like to drag out things, whether I discuss issues with him, or other subordinates to report on the work, he will let everyone straight to the point.&quot;<br /> In the eyes of Wang Xianguang, Zhang Dingyu is a lion, daring to fight. Once the temper strikes, he will storm out. But he is still a warm lion, very careful, very meticulous, very caring.<br /> <br /> <br /> Since the outbreak of the epidemic, more and more experts came to Jinyintan Hospital for guidance and exchange. Zhang Dingyu, who was already very tired, could not keep up and had to ask other leaders of the team to send him. &quot;It's not because he couldn't stand it, but he felt sorry for all the experts who came without transportation. You guys all came to support and guide us, but we didn't do it according to the etiquette. So I decided to explain the reason, and more people will know about his acromegaly.&quot; &quot;No pledge, no flag， no slogans, as if a front-line battlefield mobilization, all of the party members like Zhang Dingyu consciously to the front line, driving other hospital staff to act.&quot; In the eyes of Wang Xianguang, Zhang Dingyu really can not cahnge color when he face the life and death, &quot;when there are dangerous situations he must be the first to rush up&quot;. Many people say Zhang Dingyu is a &quot;impetuous temper&quot;, which Wang Xianguang understands very well. As a dean, Zhang Dingyu do things very quick, daring to take charge, rushing ahead, trying in front, that are all his advantages. Sometimes if you delay a little, you would even delay a life, &quot;so he does not like to drag out things, whether I discuss issues with him, or other subordinates to report on the work, he will let everyone straight to the point.&quot; In the eyes of Wang Xianguang, Zhang Dingyu is a lion, daring to fight. Once the temper strikes, he will storm out. But he is still a warm lion who is very careful, very meticulous, very caring.<br /> <br /> ====卿子晔 Qing Ziye====<br /> <br /> <br /> 王先广说，作为院长的张定宇要布置全局，要调动力量，有重大险情的时候也会第一个冲上去。他用实际行动践行了 对党忠诚、热爱人民的初心和使命！他是这次抗击新冠肺炎疫情中产生的诸多优秀共产党员中的杰出代表。<br /> 在张定宇身上，集中体现了无私无畏、担当作为的政治 品格和勇毅果敢、雷厉风行的工作作风。作为共产党员，他 时刻把人民群众生命安全和身体健康放在第一位，他默默承 受着个人身体疾病的巨大痛苦，而用“渐冻的生命”托起了 患者生的希望和信心。作为领导干部，他临危不惧、冲锋在 前，应对危机镇定自若，是全院干部职工的“主心骨”和抗 击疫情的“中流砥柱”。作为医生，凭借多年深厚的职业素养， 成就了首战告捷，为全面打赢这场阻击战奠定了坚实基础。 用他自己的话说：“我是共产党员、医务工作者，非常时期、 危急时刻，必须坚决顶上去。”他是这么说的，也是这么做的， 在面对重大疫情的危急时刻，他能够豁得出去，没有丝毫的 畏惧和退缩，义无反顾。他是一条硬汉子、一个真英雄。<br /> <br /> Wang Xianguang said: as dean, Zhang Dingyu should make the overall arrangements, mobilize strength, and be the first to resolve major dangers. With practical actions, Zhang fulfilled his original mission of being loyal to the party and loving the people. He was an outstanding representative of Communist Party members in the fight against COVID-19. Zhang showed the political character of selflessness, fearlessness and responsibility, as well as the brave, resolute and vigorous work style. As a member of the Communist Party, he always put the safety and health of the people in the first place. He silently accepted the great pain of personal physical diseases, and propped up the hope and confidence of the patients with his &quot;gradually frozen body.&quot; As a leading cadre, he was not afraid of danger. He dealt with the crisis calmly as the &quot;backbone&quot; of the cadres and workers of the whole hospital and the &quot;mainstay&quot; of fighting the epidemic. As a doctor, with years of profound professionalism, he achieved victory in the first battle and laid a solid foundation for winning this blocking war in an all-round way. In his own words: &quot;I am a member of the Communist Party and a medical staff. In extraordinary times and in times of crisis, I must resolutely stand up to it.&quot; He did exactly what he said. In the face of the epidemic, he was able to risk everything without the slightest fear or flinching. He was a tough guy and a real hero.<br /> <br /> Wang Xianguang said that as President Zhang Dingyu had to set up the whole situation, to mobilise forces, and would be the first to rush up when there was a major danger. He has lived up to his original intention and mission of being loyal to the Party and loving the people! He is an outstanding representative of the many outstanding communists who emerged from this fight against the New Crown Pneumonia epidemic.Zhang showed the political character of selflessness, fearlessness and responsibility, as well as the brave, resolute and vigorous work style. As a member of the Communist Party, he always put the safety and health of the people in the first place. He silently accepted the great pain of personal physical diseases, and propped up the hope and confidence of the patients with his &quot;gradually frozen body.&quot; As a leading cadre, he was not afraid of danger. He dealt with the crisis calmly as the &quot;backbone&quot; of the cadres and workers of the whole hospital and the &quot;mainstay&quot; of fighting the epidemic. As a doctor, with years of profound professionalism, he achieved victory in the first battle and laid a solid foundation for winning this blocking war in an all-round way. In his own words: &quot;I am a member of the Communist Party and a medical staff. In extraordinary times and in times of crisis, I must resolutely stand up to it.&quot; He did exactly what he said. In the face of the epidemic, he was able to risk everything without the slightest fear or flinching. He was a tough guy and a real hero.<br /> <br /> ====仇绪 Qiu Xu ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 王先广说，张定宇的事迹和鲜为人知的病痛被曝光以后，感动了中国，同时更加深深打动了医院所有人。在他强大的精神力量感召下，医院内产生了巨大的冲击波，凝聚起了满满的正能量！<br /> 2月1。日，习近平总书记远程连线慰问金银潭医院医务人员代表之后，金银潭医院党委及时组织学习贯彻习近平总书记指示精神，再动员、再鼓劲、再部署。金银潭医院迅速掀起了学习先进典型、营造“比学赶超”浓厚氛围的热潮，全院党员干部职工以张定宇为榜样，在各自岗位上加班加点、奋力拼搏。尽管50多天没有休息，大家任劳任怨，不叫苦不怕累。 钏足一股劲，咬咬牙，拼一拼，坚决顶上去。<br /> 张定宇就像一面旗帜，在抗击疫情的主战场上高高飘扬。 在他的带动下，全院上下充满了决战决胜的责任感、使命感， 大家的工作积极性和主动性更强，工作效率更高。<br /> 王先广说，抗击疫情的过程中，金银潭医院涌现出来一大 批优秀的党员、干部和职工，如副院长黄朝林，科主任陈南山、 夏家安，护士长瞿昭辉、吴静，医生涂盛锦、余振兴，护士胡 绪娟、樊莉……<br /> <br /> Wang Xianguang said that after Zhang Dingyu's story and little-known illness was exposed, it moved China and at the same time touched everyone in the hospital even more deeply. Inspired by his powerful spirit, the hospital has generated a huge shockwave of positive energy!<br /> On February 1, after General Secretary Xi Jinping's remote link condolences to the medical staff representatives of Jinyintan Hospital, the Party Committee of Jinyintan Hospital promptly organised the study and implementation of General Secretary Xi Jinping's instructions, remobilised, re-energised and redeployed. Jinyintan Hospital quickly set off a wave of learning from advanced models and creating a strong atmosphere of &quot;learning from each other and catching up with each other&quot;, and all party members and cadres and staff of the hospital followed Zhang Dingyu's example and worked overtime and hard at their respective posts. Although there was no rest for more than 50 days, everyone worked hard and was not afraid of suffering. They gritted their teeth, put up a fight and were determined to go on top.<br /> Zhang Dingyu was like a flag flying high on the main battlefield of the epidemic. Led by him, the whole hospital was filled with a sense of responsibility and mission to win the battle, and everyone was more active and proactive in their work and worked more efficiently.<br /> Wang Xianguang said that in the process of fighting the epidemic, a large number of outstanding party members, cadres and staff emerged from Jinyintan Hospital, such as Vice President Huang Chaolin, department heads Chen Nanshan and Xia Jia'an, head nurses Qu Zhaohui and Wu Jing, doctors Tu Shengjin and Yu Zhenxing, and nurses Hu Xujuan and Fan Li.<br /> <br /> Wang Xianguang said that after Zhang Dingyu's story and little-known illness was exposed, which moved China and at the same time touched everyone in the hospital even more deeply. Inspired by his powerful spirit, the hospital has generated a huge shockwave of positive energy! On February 1, after General Secretary Xi Jinping's remote link condolences to the medical staff representatives of Jinyintan Hospital, the Party Committee of Jinyintan Hospital promptly organised the study and implementation of Xi’s instructions: re-mobilization, re-encouragement and re-deployment. Jinyintan Hospital quickly set off a wave of learning from advanced models and creating a strong atmosphere of &quot;learning from each other and catching up with each other&quot;, and all party members, cadres and staff of the hospital followed Zhang Dingyu's example and worked overtime and hard at their respective posts. Although there was no rest for more than 50 days, everyone worked hard and was not afraid of suffering. They gritted their teeth, put up a fight and were determined to go on top. Zhang Dingyu was like a flag flying high on the main battlefield of the epidemic. Led by him, the whole hospital was filled with a sense of responsibility and mission to win the battle, and everyone was more active and proactive in their work and worked more efficiently. Wang Xianguang said that in the process of fighting the epidemic, a large number of outstanding party members, cadres and staff emerged from Jinyintan Hospital, such as Vice President Huang Chaolin, department heads Chen Nanshan and Xia Jia'an, head nurses Qu Zhaohui and Wu Jing, doctors Tu Shengjin and Yu Zhenxing, and nurses Hu Xujuan and Fan Li.<br /> <br /> ====全永慧 Quan Yonghui====<br /> <br /> <br /> 一个人的多身份战“疫”历程<br /> 武汉市金银潭医院，与病房里面的忙碌相比，院区的过道上显得特别的安静。<br /> 在这里，希望与失望交织，生存与死亡较量，人类与疫病决斗。<br /> 这两者，金银潭医院副院长黄朝林都是亲历者。<br /> 1月19日,武汉市卫健委举行新闻发布会，针对武汉市新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎综合防控答记者问。当时，湖北省医疗组专家、武汉市金银潭医院副院长黄朝林作为专家出席，并在发布会上介绍，武汉市不明原因的病毒性肺炎被确定为新型冠 状病毒感染所致后，国家相关科研机构迅速研发出病毒核酸检测试剂盒，随后进行技术优化。1月16日,湖北省疾病预防控制中心收到国家下发的试剂盒后，开始对武汉市送检的不明原因的病毒性肺炎患者标本进行病原学检测。<br /> 三天后，1月22日,黄朝林的新型冠状病毒核酸检测结果显示为阳性，他也确诊被感染了。<br /> <br /> The story of a person's battle against COVID-19 with multi-identity.<br /> In the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, compared with the busyness inside the ward, the quietness in the aisle of the hospital was particularly apparent. Here, hope intertwined with disappointment, life competed with death, and human fought with diseases. Huang Chaolin, vice president of Jinyintan Hospital, is a witness to both of them. On January 19, Wuhan Healthcare Commission held a press conference to answer questions about the comprehensive prevention and control of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus in Wuhan. At that time, Huang Chaolin, an expert of Hubei medical group and vice president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, attended the meeting, at which he introduced that after pneumonia of unknown cause was identified as the infection of a novel coronavirus, related national scientific research institutions quickly developed nucleic acid detection kits and then optimized that technology. On January 16, Hubei CDC received the kit issued by the state, and then medical staff began to carry out etiological detection on the specimens of patients of unknown etiology. Three days later, on January 22, Huang Zhaolin tested positive for COVID.<br /> <br /> The experience of a person's battle against COVID-19 with multi-identity.<br /> In the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, compared with the business inside the ward, the quietness in the corridor of the hospital was particularly apparent. Here, hope intertwined with disappointment, life competed with death, and human beings fought with diseases. Huang Chaolin, vice president of Jinyintan Hospital, is a witness to both of them. On January 19, Wuhan Healthcare Commission held a press conference to answer questions about the comprehensive prevention and control of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus in Wuhan. At that time, Huang Chaolin, an expert of Hubei medical group and vice president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, attended the meeting, at which he introduced that after pneumonia of unknown cause was identified as the infection of a novel coronavirus, related national scientific research institutions quickly developed nucleic acid detection kits and then optimized that technology. On January 16, Hubei CDC received the kit issued by the state, and then medical staff began to carry out etiological detection on the specimens of patients of unknown etiology. Three days later, on January 22, Huang Zhaolin tested positive for COVID.<br /> <br /> ====任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====<br /> <br /> 3月2日，黄朝林历经40天的隔离治疗和康复，回到工作 岗位再战新冠肺炎疫情。<br /> 一个人的多身份战“疫”历程要从2019年12月27日说起。<br /> 2019年12月27日晩，黄朝林和张定宇正在办公室讨论事 情，其间他接到一个武汉同济医院打来的电话，请求将一名冠 状病毒肺炎患者转至金银潭医院。对方在电话中说，已在病例 样本中检测出冠状病毒基因序列。<br /> 凭借职业敏感，黄朝林和张定宇，立即拨通了北京地坛医 院专家的电话，得到的建议是接收患者，展开调查和研究。后 来因患者家属不同意，未能转入金银潭。<br /> 2019年12月29日，对黄朝林来说，是一个特殊的日子。<br /> 这一天，也是黄朝林个人战“疫”打响的第一天。<br /> On March 2, after 40 days of isolation treatment and rehabilitation, Huang Chaolin returned to work to fight the COVID-19 again. The course of a person's multi identity war &quot;epidemic&quot; would start on December 27, 2019. On the evening of December 27, 2019, Huang Chaolin and Zhang Dingyu were discussing matters in the office. During the discussion, he received a call from Wuhan Tongji Hospital requesting that a patient with coronavirus pneumonia be transferred to Jinyintan Hospital. The other person said on the phone that the coronavirus gene sequence had been detected in the case samples. With occupational sensitivity, Huang Chaolin and Zhang Dingyu immediately called the experts of Beijing Ditan Hospital, and they were advised to receive patients for investigation and research. Later, because the patient's family members did not agree, they were unable to transfer to Jinyintan. December 29, 2019 is a special day for Huang Chaolin. This day is also the first day of Huang Chaolin's personal battle against the epidemic.<br /> <br /> On March 2, after 40 days of isolated treatment and rehabilitation, Huang Chaolin returned to work to fight the COVID-19 again. A person's multi identity war against &quot;epidemic&quot; would start on December 27, 2019. On the evening of December 27, 2019, Huang Chaolin and Zhang Dingyu were discussing matters in the office. During the discussion, he received a call from Wuhan Tongji Hospital requesting that a patient with coronavirus pneumonia be transferred to Jinyintan Hospital. The other person said on the phone that the coronavirus gene sequence had been detected in the case samples. With the sensitivity as a doctor, Huang Chaolin and Zhang Dingyu immediately called the experts of Beijing Ditan Hospital, and they were advised to receive patients for investigation and research. Later, because the patient's family members did not agree, they were unable to transfer to Jinyintan. December 29, 2019 is a special day for Huang Chaolin. This day is also the first day of Huang Chaolin's personal battle against the epidemic.<br /> <br /> ====疏珊 Shu Shan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 黄朝林得到通知，让他到湖北省中西医结合医院，对不明 原因的肺炎患者进行会诊。一一看完患者后，黄朝林说，这些 患者可能有传染性，收治在综合医院存在安全隐患。<br /> 黄朝林回忆，当天接到通知后，他和另外一名医院同事戴 ±N95 口罩，穿了件普通工作服，迅速赶往湖北省中西医结合 医院，发现这些患者已被安排在呼吸科相对独立的区域进行了 隔离。<br /> 到医院后，呼吸内科主任张继先向他们介绍了这些患者 的收治情况、可疑状况等，并和他们一一查看患者。坐下来 充分讨论后，专家们决定，把患者转去金银潭。随后，黄朝 林通过电话向张定宇和武汉市卫生健康委做了汇报，调来了 负压救护车。<br /> 一次传染病患者的转运，对一家传染病医院来说习以为常。 始料不及的是，随后的这场战“疫”，却前所未有地艰难。<br /> 安排好转运的事，黄朝林和同事又赶紧赶回自己的医院。<br /> <br /> Huang Chaolin was informed that he had been sent to the Hubei Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine to consult with patients with unexplained pneumonia. After seeing the patients one by one, Huang said that these patients might be infectious and that there was a safety risk if they were admitted to a general hospital.<br /> He and another hospital colleague, wearing a ±N95 mask and ordinary work clothes, quickly rushed to the Hospital, where the patients had been isolated in a relatively separate area of the respiratory department.<br /> On arrival at the hospital, Zhang Jixian, Director of the Respiratory Medicine Department, briefed them on the admissions and suspicious conditions of the patients, and examined them one by one. After a thorough discussion, the experts decided to transfer the patients to Jinyintan. Huang Zhaolin then reported to Zhang Dingyu and the Wuhan Health and Wellness Commission by telephone, and a negative pressure ambulance was brought in.<br /> A transfer of a patient with an infectious disease is not unusual for a hospital. What was unexpected was that the subsequent battle against the &quot;epidemic&quot; was more difficult than ever.<br /> After arranging the transfer, Huang Chaolin and his colleagues rushed back to their hospital.<br /> <br /> As informed, Huang Chaolin was going to Hubei Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine to consult with patients with unexplained pneumonia. After seeing the patients one by one, Huang said that these patients might be infectious and that there was a safety risk if they were admitted to a general hospital. He and another hospital colleague, wearing a ±N95 mask and ordinary work clothes, quickly rushed to the Hospital, where the patients had been isolated in a relatively separate area of the respiratory department. On arrival at the hospital, Zhang Jixian, Director of the Respiratory Medicine Department, briefed them on the admissions and suspicious conditions of the patients, and examined them one by one. After a thorough discussion, the experts decided to transfer the patients to Jinyintan. Huang Zhaolin then reported to Zhang Dingyu and the Wuhan Health and Wellness Commission by telephone, and a negative pressure ambulance was brought in. A transfer of a patient with an infectious disease is not unusual for a hospital. What was unexpected was that the subsequent battle against the &quot;pandemic&quot; was more difficult than ever. The transfer arranged, Huang Chaolin and his colleagues rushed back to their hospital.<br /> <br /> ====王芳玲 Wang Fangling====<br /> <br /> <br /> 为防止传染，他们要用最快的速度，把南七楼的患者转移，腾 出病房。<br /> 因为南七楼是金银潭医院的重症病区，从外院转来的疑难 传染患者，会先安排到这里。<br /> 医院给参加转运的医护人员全部上了三级防护，每转一个 患者，救护车就要彻底消毒一次，再接下一个患者。<br /> 患者全部转入后，金银潭医院的专家立刻开始会诊。 您住哪里？在哪里上班？最近接触过什么人？接触过什么动 物？……他们一边会诊，一边对患者展开了流行病学调查，直 到凌晨三四点……<br /> 这次转运从傍晚一直持续到深夜。<br /> <br /> <br /> To prevent infection, they had to move the patients on the south seventh floor and vacate the wards as quickly as possible. The south seventh floor as the intensive care ward of Jinyintan Hospital, patients who are transferred from other hospitals with difficult infections will be arranged here first. All the medical and nursing staffs who participated in the transfer were put on protection suits, masks at highest-level, and every time a patient was transferred, the ambulance had to be thoroughly disinfected before receiving the next patient. After all the patients transferred, specialists from Jinyintan Hospital immediately started the consultation. Where do you live? Where do you work? Who have you been in contact with recently? What animals have you been in contact with? ...... They started an epidemiological investigation of the patients while consulting them until three or four in the morning. ...... The transfer lasted from late afternoon until late at night.<br /> <br /> To prevent infection, the patients on the south seventh floor had to be transferred to other facilities as quickly as possible to vacate the wards because the south seventh floor is the intensive care ward of Jinyintan Hospital and patients who are transferred from other hospitals with difficult infections will be arranged here first. All the medical and nursing staffs who participated in the transfer were put on protection suits, masks at highest-level, and every time a patient was transferred, the ambulance had to be thoroughly disinfected before receiving the next patient. After all the patients transferred, specialists from Jinyintan Hospital immediately started the consultation. Where do you live? Where do you work? Who have you been in contact with recently? What animals have you been in contact with? ...... They started an epidemiological investigation of the patients while consulting them until three or four in the morning. ...... The transfer lasted from early evening until late at night.<br /> <br /> ====王纪龙 Wang Jilong==== <br /> <br /> 此后，黄朝林几乎没有休息，没有外出，没有回过家，几 乎夜以继日地奋战在抗疫火力最猛的第一线。<br /> 随着时间的推移，这类感染者日益增加，金银潭医院开始 人满为患。后来，湖北省卫健委从武汉地区抽调了医护人员支 援金银潭医院。<br /> 清腾病房、添置各种必须的仪器、安置患者、安排前来支 援的外院医护人员……医疗上的事，在他的职责范围，他得管； 作为专家，本院外院的会诊他要参加，他还以专家的身份出席 了两场疫情发布会。对他来说，每天能睡上4个小时就算是很 奢侈了……<br /> 进展快，是新冠肺炎的一个特点。作为医生，黄朝林参加 了一些危重患者的抢救和病例讨论。当时对这个疾病真的是一 无所知，病原不知道，感染途径不知道，患者的病情都比较重。 直到几天后，才陆续发现有些轻症患者。 <br /> <br /> Since then, Huang Chaolin has hardly rested, gone out, or returned home. He has been working on the frontline of fighting the epidemic almost day and night. Over time, the number of such infections has progressively increased, and Jinyintan Hospital has become overcrowded. Later, under the Hubei Provincial Health Commission’s command, health workers were drafted from Wuhan to staff Jinyintan Hospital. Cleaning wards, adding various necessary instruments, hospitalizing patients, and arranging health workers coming from other hospitals for support... As a doctor, he had to take charge of medical matters; As an expert, he had to participate in the internal and external consultations. What’s more, he also attended two COVID-19 briefings as a specialist. For him, it is a luxury to sleep for 4 hours every day... Rapid progress is a feature of COVID-19. As a doctor, Huang Chaolin participated in the rescue and case discussion of some patients who were in dire straits. At that time, there were a lot of unanswered questions about the disease such as the pathogen and the route of infection, and the patients' conditions were relatively serious. It was not until a few days later that some mild patients were found.<br /> <br /> Since then, Huang Chaolin had hardly rested, gone out, or returned home. He had been working on the frontline of fighting the epidemic almost day and night. Over time, the number of such infections had progressively increased, and Jinyintan Hospital had become overcrowded. Later, under the Hubei Provincial Health Commission’s command, health workers were drafted from Wuhan to staff Jinyintan Hospital. Cleaning wards, adding various necessary instruments, hospitalizing patients, and arranging health workers coming from other hospitals for support... As a doctor, he had to take charge of medical matters; As an expert, he had to participate in the internal and external consultations. What’s more, he also attended two COVID-19 briefings as a specialist. For him, it was a luxury to sleep for 4 hours every day... One of the hallmarks of Covid-19 is its rapid growth. As a doctor, Huang Chaolin participated in the rescue and case discussion of some patients who were in dire straits. At that time, there were a lot of unanswered questions about the disease such as the pathogen and the route of infection, and the patients' conditions were relatively serious. It was not until a few days later that some mild patients were found.<br /> <br /> ====王露 Wang Lu====<br /> <br /> 连续超负荷工作带来的疲劳和压力让黄朝林的免疫力下降, 每天与之塵战的病毒已不知不觉潜入他的体内，正在等待发作 的时机。从1月17日开始，他感到人很不舒服。22日那天， 他的核酸检测结果出来，是阳性，他感染了。晚上，他抽空去 拍了 CT,双肺已有毛玻璃样病灶。<br /> 那天之后，黄朝林再次走进病房时，他的身份已经变成患者, 血氧饱和度不到93%,属于重症。也是同一天，他在参加克力 芝试药的临床观察知情同意书上签下自己的名字，以身试药， 成为了 “试药人”中的一员，他想要通过自己的治疗，来验证 克力芝治疗新冠肺炎的临床疗效和安全性。<br /> 服药后，腹泻、呕 吐等严重不良反应接踵 而来。<br /> <br /> Huang Chaolin’s continuous overwork made him exhausted and stressed out, leading to decreased immunity. The coronavirus he fought against every day had crept into his body and was waiting for the right moment to attack. On January 17th, he began to feel unwell. And 5 days later, the result of his Covid test came out. It’s positive which meant he was infected. In the evening, he got a chance to have a CT scan, and it showed that there was ground-glass opacity in his lungs. After that, stepping into the ward, he became the patient in severe condition because his blood oxygen saturation level is less than 93%. At the same day, he signed the informed consent for clinical observation of Corizol test. From then on, he became one of the testers. He wanted to verify the effect and security of Corizol against Covid-19. However, the severe adverse reaction such as diarrhea and emesis kept coming.<br /> <br /> Continuous overwork made Huang Chaolin exhausted and stressed out, leading to his decreased immunity. The coronavirus he fought against every day had crept into his body and was waiting for the right moment to attack him. On January 17th, he began to feel ill. And 5 days later, his Covid test showed positive, which meant he was infected. In the evening, he got a chance to have a CT scan, and it showed that there was ground-glass opacity in his lungs. After that, stepping into the ward, he became the patient in severe condition because his blood oxygen saturation level is less than 93%. At the same day, he signed the informed consent for clinical observation of Corizol test and became one of the testers. He wanted to verify the effect and security of Corizol against Covid-19 by his own experience. However, the severe adverse reaction such as diarrhea and emesis kept coming.<br /> <br /> ====王琪 Wang Qi====<br /> <br /> 在病房里，黄朝 林听其他医生说，此前 ECMO救治的那名患者 在坚持了近20天后还 是去世了。作为专家， 他很清楚，自己的病情 可能也会一步步滑向危重，他也担心自己的病 情发展到上呼吸机、上 ECM。那一步。病情反 复的过程持续了十多天, 2月4日以后病情才出 现拐点，肺部影像学逐 渐好转，两次核酸检测呈阴性，符合出院标准。<br /> 3月2日，黄朝林历经40天的隔离治疗和康复，再回战“疫” 一线上班，再战新冠肺炎疫情。返岗第一天，黄朝林把自己的 工作日程安排得满满的，去了很多病区了解情况，参加了一些 医疗队交流会。在有的病区，他一边询问入院患者特点、治疗 手段、出院情况，一边记录下需要解决的问题。<br /> 当前，战“疫”还在持续，黄朝林表示，他会更加小心， 做好防护，不到全胜不松懈。<br /> <br /> In the ward, Huang Chaolin heard from other doctors that the patient who had been treated in ECMO had died after nearly 20 days. As a specialist, he knew that his own condition might worsen into critical condition, and he also worried that oneday he should put on a ventilator or ECMO. The relapse of illness lasted for more than 10 days, and it was February 4 that his condition showed a turning, with lung imaging eventually improving and nucleic acid tested negative for twice, which meant he may be discharged.<br /> On March 2, after 40 days of quarantine, treatment and recovery, Huang returned to work on the front lines of the &quot;epidemic&quot; and fought theCOVID-19 pandemic again. On his first day back at work, Huang arranged his work schedule to the fullest, visiting many wards to get the situation and attending some medical team exchange meetings. In some wards, he asked about the characteristics of patients admitted to the hospital, their treatment methods and discharge conditions, while taking notes on the problems to be solved. <br /> As the war against the epidemic continues, Huang said he will be more careful, take good precautions, and not let up until the batlle has won.<br /> <br /> ==Part 7== <br /> <br /> ====汪世博 Wang Shibo====<br /> <br /> <br /> 为省10分钟，夫妻俩“以车为家”<br /> 2月22日晚9时许，不远处“武汉市金银潭医院”的霓虹 灯光，揉进车内昏暗的光束里，映在涂盛锦和曹珊脸上，让这 个夜晚显得不是那么冷。<br /> 这是这对医护夫妻将要在车上度过的第29个晚上。<br /> 和往常一样，涂盛锦在前排副驾斜躺着，翻着书，曹珊在 后排半卧着，盯着手机，时不时两人就把头凑一块聊上几句。<br /> 今年44岁的涂盛锦是武汉市金银潭医院南六楼重症隔离病 区副主任医师，40岁的曹珊是南二楼病区护士。<br /> 首批9名“不明肺炎患者”转入金银潭医院后的第二天， 涂盛锦就参与到了救治工作中。后来，病区越开越多，曹珊从 1月7日也投入到了这场战“疫”。<br /> <br /> To save time, the couple chose to live in a car <br /> At 9:00 p.m. on February 22, the lights of the neon sign reading &quot;Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital&quot; not far away mixed with the dim light in the car and reflected on the faces of Tu Shengjin and Cao Shan, making the night not so cold. This is the 29th night the healthcare couple will spend in the car. As usual, Tu Shengjin was lying reclined in the front passenger seat, flipping through a book, while Cao Shan was half reclining in the back row, staring at the mobile phone, and from time to time the two of them put their heads together to chat. 44-year-old Tu Shengjin is the deputy chief physician of the intensive isolation ward on the sixth floor of South Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan City, and Cao Shan, 40, is a nurse in the ward of the second floor of the south. The day after the first batch of 9 patients with &quot;unknown pneumonia&quot; were transferred to Jinyintan Hospital, Tu Shengjin participated in the treatment work. Later, more and more wards were opened, and Cao Shan also participated in this &quot;epidemic&quot; battle from January 7.(Wang Yashu)<br /> <br /> ====王雅姝 Wang Yashu ====<br /> <br /> 同一栋楼，但两人白天各自忙各自，没时间见面，11岁的 儿子完全交给了家中的老人。<br /> “家在武汉南湖边，隔着长江，开车要40分钟。”曹珊说， 平时都是涂盛锦开车，一起上下班。<br /> 疫情暴发后，医院成为抗疫前线，涂盛锦所在的重症病区上 下班没准点。曹珊说，有次两人下班匆匆忙忙回到家，丈夫车都 没下，又要赶回医院继续上班，“第二天一早又来家里接我上班， 那样他太辛苦。“<br /> 1月23日，武汉关闭出城交通，不久市内公共交通停运， 全院医护和工作人员不能回家的太多，加上前来支援的医疗队， 单位宿舍爆满，酒店房间也吃紧。夫妻俩决定把机会让给其他 同事，“在车上睡几次也习惯了”。<br /> 正月初一那天开始，这辆陪伴8年的爱车成了他们的第二 个家。<br /> <br /> Though working in the same building, both the husband and the wife were busy with their own jobs during the day and had no time to see each other. Their 11-year-old son was taken care of by his grandparents at home.<br /> &quot;Our house is located at the South Lake in Wuhan, separated from the hospital by the Yangtze River. It takes 40 minutes to drive,&quot; said Cao Shan. The couple usually commutes together with Tu Shengjin driving the car. After the outbreak of the epidemic, the hospital became the front line of the fight against the epidemic, and the intensive care area where Tu worked had no fixed time for work and rest. According to Cao Shan, once when they hurried back home, her husband even didn't get out of the car and immediately drove back to the hospital to continue working. <br /> &quot;The next morning, he came back home to pick me up for work. It was too exhausting for him.&quot; On January 23, Wuhan imposed a traffic lockdown and soon public transportation was suspended. Too many doctors, nurses, and staff in the hospital could not go home. And with the medical teams who came to support, the hospital's dormitory could not accommodate more people, and the hotel rooms were also under strain. Therefore, the couple decided to give up the opportunity to other colleagues, &quot;I have got used to sleeping in the car after a few times.&quot; From the first day of the first lunar month, this beloved car that has been with them for 8 years has become their second home.<br /> <br /> ====王植碧 Wang Zhibi====<br /> <br /> <br /> 2020年2月22日晩，在武汉市金银潭医院内，涂盛锦（左）和曹珊在车内休息 （新华社记者熊琦摄）<br /> “买车时特意挑了一款后备厢大的，想着以后有机会自驾 露营。”曹珊笑了起来。<br /> “我个儿不高，前座也还塞得下。她睡后排，为了方便她 伸开腿脚，塞了纸箱把后排空隙填起来，还有爱心人士捐的暖 宝宝。”涂盛锦对眼前的“居住环境”还蛮知足。<br /> 这些天，医院又协调出一些附近的酒店房间，可两人反而 有点舍不得这个“小家”。<br /> “房间是有，但酒店到医院开车都得10多分钟。遇到抢 救的，那是按秒算，有这时间就可能把患者从死亡线上拉回 来！”涂盛锦还是决定在车上过夜，而且基本不脱外套，就盖 个被子，“现在是吃饭、睡觉都要抓紧时间的时候，能省多少 时间是多少。”<br /> On the evening of February 22, 2020, in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tu Shengjin (left) and Cao Shan were taking a rest in the car (photographed by Xiong Qi, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency). &quot;When buying a car, we chose a large trunk, thinking that we would have a chance to camp by ourselves in the future.&quot; Cao Shan laughed. &quot;I'm not tall, and the front seat can still be stuffed. She sleeps in the back row. In order to make it easier for her to stretch her legs, she fills the space in the back row with cardboard boxes. There are also warm babies(heat patch) donated by good-hearted people.&quot; Tu Shengjin is quite satisfied with the &quot;living environment&quot; in front of her. These days, the hospital has coordinated some nearby hotel rooms, but they two are a little reluctant to part with this &quot;small home&quot;. &quot;There are rooms, but it takes more than 10 minutes to drive from the hotel to the hospital. In case of rescue, it is calculated by the second, and the patient may be pulled back from the death line at this time!&quot; Tu Shengjin still decided to stay in the car overnight, and did not take off his coat, so he just put on a quilt. &quot;Now it is time to hurry up when eating and sleeping,we need to try our best to save time&quot;<br /> <br /> On the evening of February 22, 2020, in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tu Shengjin (left) and Cao Shan were taking a rest in the car (photographed by Xiong Qi, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency). &quot;When buying a car, we intentionally chose a large trunk, thinking that we would have a chance to camp by ourselves in the future.&quot; Cao Shan laughed. &quot;I'm not tall, and the front seat can still be stuffed. She sleeps in the back seat. In order to make it easy for her to stretch her legs, she fills the space in the back row with cardboard boxes. There are also warm babies(heat patches) donated by good-hearted people.&quot; Tu Shengjin is quite satisfied with the &quot;living environment&quot; in front of him. These days, the hospital has coordinated some nearby hotel rooms, but they two are a little reluctant to part with this &quot;small home&quot;. &quot;There are rooms, but it takes more than 10 minutes to drive from the hotel to the hospital. In case of rescues, time is calculated by the second, and the patient may be pulled back from the death line at this time!&quot; Tu Shengjin still decided to stay in the car overnight and usually did not take off his coat, so he just put on a quilt. &quot;Now it is time to hurry up even when eating and sleeping, we need to try our best to save time.&quot;(Wang Zhiling)<br /> <br /> ====王智灵 Wang Zhiling====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> “病房里一个电话，他比谁都跑得快。”曹珊说，知道涂 盛锦放心不下患者，她也留下来陪丈夫，“我一个人睡不着， 我不在旁边，他也睡不安稳。”<br /> 白天4层楼的距离，对涂盛锦和曹珊来说可望而不可即。 每天车上说说话，两人已经很满足。<br /> 平日里，涂盛锦不怎么爱说话，但在车上这会儿，总喜欢 凑着曹珊聊天。<br /> 曹珊说，没了生活上的琐事，就聊聊科室里的工作，说着 说着就睡着了。<br /> 涂盛锦偷偷告诉记者，曹珊一晚上大概要翻身10次左右， “我都数着呢。她一有动静，我都能感觉到，动一下就回头看 她一眼，被子有没有掉了，腿有没有放好。”<br /> 深夜，武汉的风依旧凛冽。<br /> <br /> &quot;As long as a phone call rings in the ward, he runs faster than anyone else.&quot; Cao Shan said, Knowing that Tu Shengjin worried about patients, she also stayed with her husband, &quot;I can't sleep alone, he can't sleep well either when I’m not beside him.&quot; During the day, Tu Shengjin and Cao shan were separated by the distance of four floors, which is beyond reach for them. They have been very satisfied with talking to each other in the car every day. On ordinary days, Tu Shengjin doesn't like to talk, but he always like to chat with Cao Shan while in the car. Cao shan said, they talk about the work in the department without the trivia of life, and gradually fall asleep while talking. Tu Shengjin secretly told the reporter that Cao Shan would turn over about 10 times a night, &quot;I've counted it. Whenever she moves, I can feel it. If she moves, I will look back at her to see if the quilt has fallen off or if her legs have been put away.&quot; Late at night, the wind in Wuhan is still chilly.<br /> <br /> “With a call from the hospital ward, he would run faster than anyone.” Cao Shan said that knowing that Tu Shengjin was always worried about the patient, she also stayed with her husband, “I can't sleep on my own, he couldn't sleep well without me around.” During the day, the distance of four stories was out of reach for Tu Shengjin and Cao Shan. The couple was highly satisfied just with the little talks in the car. Usually, Tu Shengjin does not like to talk, but now in the car, he is so fond of chatting with Cao Shan. Cao Shan said, without the trifles in life, they just talk about the work in the department, and they would fall asleep as they were talking. Tu Shengjin secretly told the reporter that Cao Shan would turn over about 10 times a night, “I actually count. Every time she moves, I can feel it and I will look back at her to see if the quilt is off and if her legs are in place.” Late at night, the wind in Wuhan was still brisk.<br /> <br /> ====吴博涵 Wu Bohan====<br /> <br /> <br /> “以后回想起来，应该是挺浪漫的一件事吧。”涂盛锦放下手里的书，扭头盯着已相识近20年的曹珊说道。<br /> 小车里，有点挤，有点呼噜声，余下的，是关于“疫”时的别样陪伴。<br /> 早晨6点半，是夫妻俩下车的时间，他们又将开始新一天的战“疫”<br /> （新华社武汉2020年2月23日电 记者侯文坤）<br /> <br /> “Looking back on it, it must have been romantic.” Tu Shengjin put down his book and stared at Cao Shan, whom he has met for nearly 20 years. It was a little crowded in the car, some are little snoring noises, and the rest is about a special kind of company at the time of “pandemic”. It was 6:30 a.m. and the time for the couple to get off the car and start another day of fighting the “pandemic”. [Wuhan, February 23rd, 2020 (Xinhua News Agency, Reporter Hou Wenkun)]<br /> <br /> “At some point, we’ll look back and this is going to be a romantic story.” Tu Shengjin put down his book and turned to look at Cao Shan, whom he had met for nearly 20 years. It was a little crowded in the car, some were little snoring noises, and the rest was about a special kind of company during pandemic. It was 6:30 a.m. and the time for the couple to get off the car and start another day of fighting the pandemic. [Wuhan, February 23rd, 2020 (Xinhua News Agency, Reporter Hou Wenkun)]<br /> <br /> 风暴中心的药师们<br /> <br /> The pharmacists in the storm center<br /> <br /> The pharmacists in the eye of the storm<br /> <br /> 武汉市金银潭医院内有一支负责为前线输送“弹药”的保障部队——药师们。<br /> 为了不能让战士空手与病毒肉搏，药师们放弃所有休假，举全科之力，积极投身到战场中去。<br /> <br /> Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan has a support unit responsible for delivering &quot;ammunition&quot; to the front line -- pharmacists. In order not to leave the soldiers empty-handed while hand-to-hand combating with the virus, the pharmacists gave up all the leave and actively dived into the battlefield with all the strength of the whole department.<br /> <br /> Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan has a support unit responsible for delivering &quot;ammunition&quot; to the front line -- pharmacists. In order not to leave the soldiers empty-handed in the hand-to-hand fight with the virus, the pharmacists gave up all their leave and rallied the whole department to actively dive into the battlefield.<br /> <br /> ====伍超穎 Wu Chaoying====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 疫情就是命令！<br /> <br /> Go where there is epidemic, fight it till it perishes.<br /> <br /> The epidemic brings an order!<br /> <br /> 战“疫”刚刚打响，医院药剂科党支部书记郭晓红就立即召开了支部党员大会，宣布进入战时状态。门诊药房冯金海，中药房韩龙蜂，住院药房闫勇、涂莉、祁玮，药办张志右、 章文、段洪，纷纷表态服从科室安排，随时支援工作量大的部门。<br /> <br /> As soon as the fight against COVID-19 started, Guo Xiaohong, secretary of the Party branch of the Pharmacy Department of the hospital, immediately held a Party member meeting of the Party branch and announced that it had entered into a “wartime” state. Feng Jinhai of Outpatient Pharmacy, Han Longfeng of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, Yan Yong, Tu Li, Qi Wei of Inpatient Pharmacy, and Zhang Zhiyou, Zhang Wen, and Duan Hong of the Office of Pharmaceutical Science, all said that they would be subject to the arrangement of the department and support sections with heavy workloads at any time.<br /> <br /> As soon as the fight against COVID-19 started, Guo Xiaohong, secretary of the Party branch of the Pharmacy Department of the hospital, immediately held a Party member meeting of the Party branch and announced that it had entered into a state of wartime. Feng Jinhai of Outpatient Pharmacy, Han Longfeng of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, Yan Yong, Tu Li, Qi Wei of Inpatient Pharmacy, and Zhang Zhiyou, Zhang Wen, and Duan Hong of the Office of Pharmaceutical Science, all have expressed their obedience to the arrangement of the department and support departments with heavy workload at any time.<br /> <br /> 战斗一开始，药剂科就少了两名员工，紧接着又因病减员一人。关键时刻，药剂科党支部的党员们，主动申请加入到人员紧张的药库和住院药房，充分发挥党员先锋模范带头作用， 奋战在药剂科最前线，保证了药剂科各项工作的顺利开展，给医护一线提供了强有力的药品保障。<br /> <br /> At the beginning of the battle, the Pharmacy Department was two members short, and then one less person due to illness. At a critical moment, the Party members of the Party branch of the Pharmacy Department took the initiative to apply to join the understaffed drug storehouse and Inpatient Pharmacy and give full play to the exemplary vanguard role of Party members, fighting at the forefront of the Pharmacy Department to ensure a good start of various tasks in the Pharmacy Department and the full supply of medicines for frontline health workers.<br /> <br /> At the beginning of the battle, the Pharmacy Department was two members short, and then one less person due to illness. At the critical moment, the Party members of the Party branch of the Pharmacy Department took the initiative to apply to join the understaffed drug storehouse and Inpatient Pharmacy and give full play to the exemplary vanguard role of Party members, fighting at the forefront of the Pharmacy Department to ensure the smooth development of various tasks in the Pharmacy Department and provide a full supply of drugs for the front line of medical workers.<br /> <br /> 党支部书记郭晓红、住院药房班组长闫勇、药剂科负责人陈靖瞰就是其中代表人物。<br /> <br /> Guo Xiaohong, secretary of the Party branch, Yan Yong, team leader of the Inpatient Pharmacy, and Chen Jingkan, head of the Pharmacy Department, were among the representatives.<br /> <br /> Guo Xiaohong, secretary of the Party branch, Yan Yong, team leader of the Inpatient Pharmacy, and Chen Jingkan, head of the Pharmacy Department, were among the representatives.<br /> <br /> ====吴敏 Wu Min====<br /> <br /> <br /> 郭晓红自战“疫”打响那一刻起，就放弃了所有的休息， 即便自己身体不适，仍然一直坚守在药房一线。在这非常时期， 她一方面积极协助药剂科各项工作，做好人员调配、药品消毒 品领用与发放等工作，另一方面挤出时间安排支部党员的主题 党日学习。她说，工作再忙也不能放弃学习，尤其要向身边先 进典型学习，学习英雄人物张定宇院长“舍小家顾大家”的无 私奉献精神，学习放射科樊艳青主任爱岗敬业、精益求精的专 业精神。<br /> 同时她又是科室职工的贴心人，工作之余，经常关心职工， 嘘寒问暖，每天反复多次叮嘱大家一定要做好个人防护，确保 零感染。她常说：“做好个人防护，既是保护自己，也是保护 家人！”<br /> 1月2 8日，早上7时30分许，郭晓红突然接到电话，马 上有一批援助药品到医院，需要接收。她放下电话，立即推上 推车赶往医院门诊大楼。一辆堆满了足足有数百件药品的超长 大卡车停在门诊大楼前。<br /> Guo Xiaohong gave up all her rest from the moment the &quot;epidemic&quot; began. Even if she was not feeling well, she still stayed on the front line of the pharmacy. During this extraordinary period, on the one hand, she actively assisted the pharmacy department in various work, doing a good job in personnel deployment, drug disinfection collection and distribution, etc. On the other hand, she squeezed out time to arrange the theme of party members of the branch on Party Day study. She said that no matter how busy you are at work, you can't give up your study. In particular, you should learn from the selfless dedication of the hero Dean Zhang Dingyu, who &quot;giving up his family and taking care of everyone&quot;, and learn the professionalism of Director Fan Yanqing of the Department of Radiology。At the same time, she is also a caring person for the staff in the department. After work, she often cares about the staff, asks for their warmth, and repeatedly urges them to do a good job of personal protection several times a day to ensure zero infection. She often said, &quot;To do a good job of personal protection is not only to protect yourself, but also to protect your family! On January 28, at 7:30 a.m., Guo Xiaohong suddenly received a call that there was a batch of aid drugs coming to the hospital and needed to be received. She put down the phone and immediately pushed on the trolley to the hospital outpatient building. An extra-long truck filled with hundreds of pieces of medicine was parked in front of the clinic building.<br /> <br /> Since the outbreak of the epidemic, Guo Xiaohong has given up all rest. Even if she was not feeling well, she still stayed on the front line of the pharmacy. During this extraordinary period, on the one hand, she actively assisted the pharmacy department in various work, doing a good job in personnel deployment, drug disinfection collection and distribution, etc. On the other hand, she squeezed out time to arrange the theme of party members of the branch on Party Day study. She said that no matter how busy you are at work, you can't give up your study. In particular, you should learn from the selfless dedication of the hero Dean Zhang Dingyu, who &quot;giving up his family and taking care of everyone&quot;, and learn the professionalism of Director Fan Yanqing of the Department of Radiology。At the same time, she is also a caring person for the staff in the department. After work, she often cares about the staff, asks for their warmth, and repeatedly urges them to do a good job of personal protection several times a day to ensure zero infection. She often said, &quot;To do a good job of personal protection is not only to protect yourself, but also to protect your family! On January 28, at 7:30 a.m.,Guo Xiaohong suddenly received a phone call, telling her that a batch of aid medicine had arrived at the hospital and needed to be received. She put down the phone and rushed to the hospital outpatient building in a cart. A huge truck filled with hundreds of medicines was parked in front of the clinic building.<br /> <br /> ====伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli====<br /> <br /> <br /> “大家都在各自岗位坚守，没有搬运工人，只能靠我们药 师自己上啦！ ”她招呼大家行动起来，用小推车一车接着一车， 把所有药品一箱箱运到了药库。<br /> 正如她所说，战“疫”非常时期，科室职工都在超负荷工作, 药工人数严重不足，再苦再累的活儿药师都得顶上！ “我身为 共产党员，更应该站在前头！”<br /> 2月9日凌晨，郭晓红手机再次响起，“嫂子嫂子，父亲 走了，怎么办啊！”<br /> 远在家乡的小叔子在电话里伤心地哭着说，原来郭晓红的 公公于2019年12月底确诊为心梗合并脑梗，一个多月来一直 在当地医院住院治疗，但由于武汉疫情严峻，抗疫工作需要， 郭晓红没休息过一天，根本无暇回去看望老人，“直到他老人家临走前那一刻，我都不能送他一程，我这当晚辈的真是万分 的悲痛和惭愧啊！”郭晓红边说边哽咽着。<br /> <br /> &quot;Everyone is sticking to their posts. There are no porters. We have to rely on the medicine man himself!&quot; She called them into action and carried all the medicines to the drugstore by cart after cart. As she said, in the emergency period of the war against the epidemic, the department staff were overloaded with work, and the number of pharmaceutical workers was seriously insufficient. No matter how hard and tiring the work, pharmacists had to take over! &quot;As a Communist, I should stand in the front!&quot; In the early morning of February 9, Guo Xiaohong's mobile phone rang again, &quot;sister-in-law sister-in-law, father left, how to do ah!&quot; Guo Xiaohong's father-in-law was diagnosed with myocardial infarction combined with cerebral infarction at the end of December 2019, and has been hospitalized in the local hospital for more than a month. However, due to the severe epidemic situation in Wuhan and the need of the anti-epidemic work, Guo Xiaohong didn't take a day off and had no time to go back to visit the old man. &quot;Until the moment before he left, I can not even see him off, I am a junior, how sad and ashamed!&quot; Guo Xiaohong choked up as she spoke.<br /> <br /> “Everyone holds fast to their position. Since there are no porters, now our pharmacists can only rely on ourselves!” She called on everyone to take actions and carry all the medicines to the drugstore cart by cart. As she said, at the crucial stage against the epidemic, staff in all department were overloaded with work. As the pharmaceutical workers were in shortage, our pharmacists have to take over the work, no matter how hard it is. As a Communist, I should stand at the front!&quot; In the early morning of February 9, Guo Xiaohong's mobile phone rang again, &quot;sister-in-law! sister-in-law! father passed away, what shall we do!”, her brother-in-law wined heartrendingly on the other side of the phone. Guo Xiaohong's father-in-law was diagnosed with myocardial infarction combined with cerebral infarction at the end of December 2019, and has been hospitalized in the local hospital for more than a month. However, due to the severe epidemic situation in Wuhan and the need of the anti-epidemic work, Guo Xiaohong didn't take a day off and also had no time to go back to visit the old man. &quot;Even by the moment he left, I cannot see him off. How sad and ashamed I am to be his junior!&quot; Guo Xiaohong spoke in a choked voice.<br /> <br /> ====席书涵 Xi Shuhan ====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 住院药房是药剂科工作量最大的部门，不仅为全院21个病 区调剂药品，还要直接送药品到病区。团队共11人，最年轻的 药师杨文也有40岁了，都是上有老下有小的年纪。<br /> 进入2020年，医院通知取消假日休息，住院药房工作量 猛然增加，作为班组长的闫勇，感觉到了用药和班务人员的紧张。 临床使用药品品种的增多，必将增加调剂差错风险。他一边关 注每天药品的消耗情况，一边调增上班人数。<br /> 闫勇幵始每天在工作群发布消息，大家称为闫式“碎碎念”，<br /> <br /> 金银潭医院药邠坚守在药房<br /> <br /> The inpatient pharmacy was the department with the most workload since it not only needed to dispense medicines for totally 21 inpatient areas but had to send them directly there. Totally there are 11 people in the team. The youngest pharmacist Li Wen was already 40 years old, an age that one has both his parents and children to take care of. Entering 2020, the hospital cancelled all the vacations and the workload of the inpatient pharmacy surged. Yan Yong who was the head of the department noticed they were badly in need of medicines and medical workers. With larger varieties of medicines put in use in clinical practice, the risk of wrongly dispensing medicine would also increase. In this case, every day, he, on the one hand, needed to overlook the consumption of the medicines and on the other hand, had to deploy more medical workers to share their workload. Yan Yong started to send messages in the working group every day and his colleagues called it jokingly as “Yan style nagging”.<br /> <br /> <br /> The inpatient pharmacy was the department with the most workload since it not only needed to dispense medicines for totally 21 inpatient areas but had to send them directly there. Totally there are 11 people in the team. The youngest pharmacist Li Wen was already 40 years old, an age that one has both his parents and children to care. Entering 2020, the hospital cancelled all the vacations and the workload of the inpatient pharmacy surged. Yan Yong who was the head of the department noticed they were urgently in need of medicines and medical workers. With larger varieties of medicines put in use in clinical practice, the risk of wrongly dispensing medicine would also increase. In this case, every day, he, on the one hand, needed to overlook the consumption of the medicines and on the other hand, had to deploy more medical workers to share their workload. Yan Yong started to send messages in the working group every day and his colleagues called it jokingly as “Yan style nagging”<br /> <br /> ====夏盼 Xia Pan====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 或是给大家鼓劲，或是提醒大家药品规格、剂型的变动，减少 调剂差错。“碎碎念”满怀着对工作人员的关爱，更寄托着一 份药剂人员的工作责任。<br /> 随着战“疫”形势的日益严峻，各个医疗队的进驻，新开 病区的增多，支援的医生、护士纷纷加入临床一线，但是医院 药学人员并没有增加，住院药房压力骤增。<br /> 连日奋战没有休息的药师们已经很辛苦了，雪上加霜的 是1月23日开始武汉市公共交通停运，住在光谷的同事措手不 及，面临上下班问题。关键时候，作为共产党员的闫勇顶了上去, 有同事身体不舒服，闫勇帮他上夜班；住在光谷的同事上班遇 到困难，闫勇开着私家车起个大早去接。<br /> <br /> Yaobin of Jinyintan Hospital sticks to the pharmacy, either to encourage everyone, or to remind everyone of changes in drug specifications and dosage forms, so as to reduce dispensing errors. &quot; Yan style nagging &quot; is full of care for the staff, and entrusts the responsibility of a pharmacy staff. With the increasingly severe situation of the war against the &quot;epidemic&quot;, various medical teams stationed in, the number of newly opened wards increased, and supporting doctors and nurses joined the clinical front line one after another. However, the number of hospital pharmacy personnel did not increase, and the pressure on inpatient pharmacies increased sharply. The pharmacists who have been fighting for days without a break have already worked very hard. To make matters worse, public transportation in Wuhan was shut down on January 23. Colleagues living in Guanggu region were caught off guard and faced with commuting problems. At the critical moment, Yan Yong, a member of the Communist Party, stepped forward. Some colleagues were not feeling well, so Yan Yong helped him with the night shift; when a colleague living in Guanggu regioon encountered difficulties at work, Yan Yong drove his private car early to pick him up.<br /> <br /> Yaobin of Jinyintan Hospital sticks to the pharmacy to encourage everyone or remind everyone of changes in drug specifications and dosage forms to reduce dispensing errors. &quot; Yan style nagging &quot; is full of care for the staff, and entrusts the responsibility of the pharmacy staff. With the increasingly severe situation of the war against the &quot;epidemic&quot;, various medical teams were stationed, the number of newly opened wards increased, and supporting doctors and nurses joined the clinical front line one after another. However, the number of hospital pharmacy personnel did not increase, and the pressure on inpatient pharmacies increased sharply. The pharmacists who have been fighting for days without a break have already worked very hard. To make matters worse, public transportation in Wuhan was shut down on January 23. Colleagues living in Guanggu region were caught off guard and faced with commuting problems. At this critical moment, Yan Yong, a member of the Communist Party, stepped forward. Some colleagues were not feeling well, so Yan helped them with the night shift; when a colleague living in Guanggu region encountered difficulties at work, Yan drove his private car early to pick him up.<br /> <br /> ====夏依颐 Xia Yiyi====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 陈靖圖是药剂科党支部宣传委员，药剂科科室负责人，多 重身份和角色决定了他丝毫不敢马虎。自疫情发生以来，他已 经三十多天没回过家。<br /> 既要协调全院的药品、消毒品采购供应，又要统筹安排科 室管理。尽管身体不适，但是他依然坚守岗位，经常加班到深夜, 被大家称为“奔波中的忙人”。<br /> 1月13日晚8点多，ICU患者急需尼卡地平针，当晚就要 使用，这个时间找医药公司送货完全不可能，陈靖岐紧急联系 各大医院，最终跑了两家医院的夜间药房才借来30支，并连夜 赶回医院送到ICU。<br /> 后来医院又新增了 4个ICU,全国各地医疗队也进驻医院。 陈靖蹟更忙了，他白天监控全院用药数据、调整库存，晚上联 系第二天到货药品，保证紧俏药品如丙球、阿比多尔、连花清 瘟等不断货。<br /> 春节期间医药公司运力不足，经常会晚上送货过来，于是， 为了更迅速地调配和接收药品物资，陈靖岐索性不回家了。他说, 跟临床一线比起来，这点苦不算什么，只要不断货，不影响患 者治疗，一切都是值得的。<br /> Chen Jingtu is a propaganda member of the Party Branch of the Pharmacy Department and the head of the Pharmacy Department. His multiple identities and roles dictate that he does not dare to be sloppy in any way. He has not returned home for more than 30 days since the outbreak. He has to coordinate the procurement and supply of drugs and disinfection products for the whole hospital, as well as to coordinate the management of the department. Despite his ill health, he remained at his post and often worked late into the night, and was known as the &quot;busy man on the run&quot;. On January 13 at 8:00 p.m., ICU patients urgently needed nicardipine injections, which were to be used that night, and it was impossible to find a pharmaceutical company to deliver them at this time. Chen Jingmu was even busier, monitoring the hospital's medication data and adjusting the inventory during the day, and contacting the next day's arrival at night to ensure that drugs in short supply, such as Propecia, Abidor, and Lianhua, were kept in stock. During the Chinese New Year, the pharmaceutical company's capacity is insufficient, so they often deliver at night, so in order to allocate and receive drugs and supplies more quickly, Chen Jingqi simply does not go home. He said, &quot;Compared to the clinical frontline, this is nothing, as long as we don't keep the goods and don't affect the patients' treatment, everything is worth it.<br /> <br /> Chen Jingtu is the propaganda committee member of the Party branch of the pharmacy department and the head of the pharmacy department. His multiple identities and roles determine that he cannot be careless at all. He hasn't been home for more than 30 days since the outbreak. He should not only coordinate the procurement and supply of drugs and disinfectants in the whole hospital, but also make overall arrangements for the management of departments and offices. Despite his physical discomfort, he still sticks to his post, often working late into the night, known as &quot;busy man on the run.&quot; At 8 o 'clock in the evening of January 13, ICU patients urgently needed Nicadi needle. It is needed that night, but this time to find a pharmaceutical company delivery is completely impossible. Chen Jingqi made an urgent contact to major hospitals. He finally ran to the night pharmacy of two hospitals, borrowed 30, and rushed back to the hospital overnight to ICU. Later, four new ICUs were added to the hospital and medical teams from all over China were stationed in the hospital. During the day, he monitored the hospital's medication data and adjusted the inventory, and at night, he contacted the next day's arrival of drugs to ensure that drugs in short supply, such as Propecia, Abidor, and Lianhua, would not be stocked. During the Chinese New Year, the pharmaceutical company's capacity is insufficient, so they often deliver at night, so in order to allocate and receive drugs and supplies more quickly, Chen Jingqi simply does not go home. He said, &quot;Compared with the front line of the clinic, this is nothing, as long as we do not keep the goods and do not affect the treatment of patients, everything is worth it.<br /> <br /> ====夏紫纯 Xia Zichun====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 这场疫情恰逢年关，医院后勤物业人员紧缺，协助搬运输 液送药的工人没有了。药剂科理解医院人员荒的困境，面对每 周500件输液以及每天21个病区药品没人送到病房的严峻问 题，药剂科紧急动员起来，药库、住院药房、门诊药房、小药房、 临床药学所有部门人员紧急行动起来，在陈靖赜的带领下一箱 箱装车，一车车拖到病区。<br /> 作为科室负责人，陈靖赜没有坐在办公室，而是有困难亲 自带领队伍冲上去，体现了共产党员迎难而上的精神。<br /> “张定宇院长说现在是战时状态，在这场艰苦的战’疫’中， 药剂科团队没有一人当逃兵。”陈靖赜说。 <br /> <br /> 庚子春疫情中的“120部队”<br /> <br /> The epidemic coincided with the New Year's Eve, and the hospital's logistics and property staff were in short supply, so workers to assist in transporting fluids and delivering medications were not available. The pharmacy department understood the plight of the hospital's staff shortage. Faced with the serious problem of 500 infusions per week and no one to deliver medications to the wards in 21 wards every day, the pharmacy department mobilized urgently. The pharmacy, inpatient pharmacy, outpatient pharmacy, small pharmacy, and clinical pharmacy all acted with urgency, loading boxes of drugs onto trucks and hauling them to the wards under the leadership of Chen Jingtan.<br /> <br /> The epidemic coincided with Spring Festival holidays so logistics and property staff were in short supply and workers transporting infusions and medications were not available. To alleviate the woe that 500 infusions per week and everyday medications for 21 wards had on one to deliver, each person in the pharmacy department act quickly, assisted by staff in the drugstore house, inpatient and outpatient dispensaries, small pharmacies and clinical pharmacy. They loaded boxes of drugs and hauled them to the wards under the leadership Chen Jingze. <br /> <br /> As the head of the department, Chen Jingmu did not stay in the office, but led the team to rush up when there were difficulties, embodying the spirit of the Communist Party members to rise to the occasion.<br /> <br /> As the head of the department, Chen Jingze did not stay in the office, but led the team to overcome those difficulties, embodying the unyielding spirit of a Communist.<br /> <br /> &quot;President Zhang Dingyu said it is now a wartime state, and in this tough 'epidemic', no one in the pharmacy team is a deserter.&quot; Chen Jingqi said. <br /> <br /> “President Zhang Dingyu said we were in a tough war against this epidemic, no one in the pharmacy department was a deserter.&quot; said Chen Jingze.<br /> <br /> The &quot;120 Emergency Team&quot; at the beginning of the epidemic in 2020 Spring.<br /> <br /> The Emergency Team in the Outbreak During Spring of 2020<br /> <br /> ====向明慧 Xiang Minghui ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 2019年12月29日，金银潭医院门诊120接到指令，要求 着三级防护从湖北省中西医结合医院转运一批不明原因肺炎患 者至金银潭医院。从那天起，这支“120部队”就正式进入了 抗击新冠肺炎的战役中。<br /> 突如其来的一场疫情，打乱了所有人的工作和生活。从慌 忙应战到忙中有序，从担忧害怕到奋起战“疫”，从孤军作战 到团结抗疫，个中滋味，五味杂陈。<br /> 疫情期间，医院“120部队”经历了很多很多，有感人的事迹， 也有窝心的委屈，更有大是大非面前的坚定和勇敢！在这场没 有硝烟的战争中，他们用实际行动证明了，这是一支讲原则、 守纪律、能吃苦、能战斗的队伍！<br /> <br /> On December 29,2019, the outpatient department of Jinyintan Hospital received instructions to transfer a group of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause from Hubei Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine to Jinyintan Hospital with level 3 (the highest level) protective devices. Sine then, they engaged in the battle against Covid-19. <br /> <br /> The sudden outbreak disrupted their life. They managed to overcome obstacles and negative emotions to fight the virus methodically and courageously. Staff from different departments work together. Only those who experienced it knew the mixed feelings. <br /> <br /> They went through lots of difficulties. Despite bitterness, they were still determined and brave, leaving touching stories. Over time, they proved with practical action that they are principled, disciplined, tenacious and resilient.<br /> <br /> On December 29, 2019, the outpatient department of Jinyintan Hospital received instructions to transfer a group of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause from Hubei Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine to Jinyintan Hospital with level 3 (the highest level) protective devices. Since then, they have engaged in the battle against Covid-19.<br /> <br /> The sudden outbreak disrupted people’s life. From panic to order, from fear to courage and from fighting alone to unity, staff from different departments work together. Only those who experienced it knew the mixed feelings.<br /> <br /> They went through lots of difficulties. Despite bitterness, they were still determined and brave, leaving touching stories. Over time, they proved with practical action that they are principled, disciplined, tenacious and capable.<br /> <br /> ====肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 一个好的团队，需要一个好的领头羊，她就是金银潭医院 急救站站长李晓松。提起她，包括网络站点的所有人都说她是 一个“铁娘子”。<br /> 从疫情刚开始到现在，她一天都不休息，特别是在大型转 运期间，几乎每天工作到凌晨，有时甚至到凌晨两三点。几乎 所有参与转运的急救车辆都能看到她，站在刺骨的寒风中，拿<br /> 着对讲机和转诊名单，对接每一位转来的患者。<br /> <br /> A good team needs a good leader. The good leader of Jinyintan Hospital is the first aid station master named Li Xiaosong. Everyone, including the people in the online site, called her the &quot;Iron Lady&quot;. Since the beginning of the epidemic, she has not taken a day off. Especially during the large referral of patients, she worked almost daily until the early hours, sometimes until two or three o’clock in the morning. Almost all of the emergency vehicles involved in the referral had seen her standing in the biting cold, holding a walkie-talkie and a referral list and docking with each incoming patient.<br /> <br /> A good team needs a good leader.Li Xiaosong, who is the first aid station master of Jinyintan Hosptital, could be called a good leader. Everyone, including the people in the online site, called her the &quot;Iron Lady&quot;. Since the beginning of the epidemic, she had never had a rest, specially during the large referral of patients, she worked almost daily until the early hours, sometimes until two or three o’clock in the morning. Almost you could see her in all of the emergency vehicles involved in the referral and standing in the biting cold, holding a walkie-talkie and a referral list and docking with each incoming patient.<br /> <br /> ====肖娜 Xiao Na====<br /> <br /> 据不完全统计，经她对接的患者有388人次。从安排转运、 核对名单、评估病情、患者交接到收治完成，整个过程，她都 协调跟踪。<br /> 在大型转运时，可以看到这样的场景：120的急救车一路 蓝光闪烁，急驰而来，在急诊通道排成一条长龙，等待对接。 在交接的过程中，有时会碰到这样或那样的问题，有的车氧气 不够了、有的患者需要轮椅、有的车辆需要消毒……碰到这些 琐碎又急需解决的问题，120总部都会通知她来协调处理。连 续一个多月，天天如此。看到她忙得像个陀螺，又没有外援， 同事心疼地说：“你真是狠哪，所有120的转运任务结束了， 你才能睡，要学会心疼自己，身体要紧，悠着点。”<br /> <br /> According to incomplete statistics, there were 388 patients who had been docked by her. She coordinated the entire process, from arranging transfer, checking lists, assessing the condition, transferring the patients to the completion of admission. In large-scale transport, you could see the following scenario: The 120 ambulances flashed blue light all the way and came at a rapid pace, forming a long queue in the emergency passage, waiting for docking. In the process of handing over, sometimes we encountered problems of one kind or another. Some cars had insufficient oxygen, some patients needed wheelchairs, and some vehicles needed disinfection...When these trivial and urgent problems were met, 120 headquarters would inform her to handle. Every day for over a month. Seeing that she was busy like a top and had no outside help, her colleagues said distressedly: &quot;You are really ruthless. It's not to sleep for you until all 120 transshipment task ended. You should learn how to love yourself and your health is more important.&quot;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> According to incomplete statistics, there were 388 patients who had been docked by her. She coordinated the entire process, from arranging transfer, checking lists, assessing the condition, transferring the patients to the completion of admission. In large-scale transport, you could see the following scenario: The 120 ambulances flashed blue light all the way and came at a rapid pace, forming a long queue in the emergency passage, waiting for docking. In the process of handing over, sometimes we encountered problems of one kind or another. Some cars had insufficient oxygen, some patients needed wheelchairs, and some vehicles needed disinfection...When these trivial and urgent problems were met, 120 headquarters would inform her to handle. Every day for over a month. Seeing that she was busy like a top and had no outside help, her colleagues said distressedly: &quot;You are really ruthless. It's not to sleep for you until all 120 transshipment task ended. You should learn how to love yourself and your health is more important.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin====<br /> <br /> 李晓松笑着说：“没有办法，事情落到头上来，只能做好， 毕竟，天下急救一家亲，最重要的是不能给我们金银潭医院 丢脸。”<br /> 李晓松性格外向开朗，经常在科室讲笑话，调节紧张的气氛， 逗同事开心，还时不时给同事打气鼓劲。她说：“一定要有信心， 经历了非典、甲流、禽流感、H7N9,所有的疫情我都参与了， 也都挺过来了，相信这次的疫情也会过去的。”她的最大心愿 就是希望科室所有的人都平平安安，做到零感染。<br /> 零感染不光是一个目标、一句口号，需要真正落实到每一 个细节中去。医院120作为一个特殊的科室，不仅有医生护士， 还有驾驶员和担架员，只有每个人都按标准流程防护，才能真 正达到零感染。作为科室负责人，李晓松重视岗前培训、严格 考核和监管。在她的严格要求下，人人熟知工作流程，个个规 范穿脱防护。<br /> <br /> Li Xiausong smiled and said, &quot;We have no choice but to do it better when we are responible for things.After all, the most important thing for us is that we can not to bring shame on our hospital.&quot;<br /> Li Xiaosong's character is outgoing and cheerful.She often tells jokes in the department, adjusts the tense atmosphere, makes his colleagues happy and gives them encouragement from time to time.She said: &quot;We must have confidence, experienced SARS, H1N1, bird flu, H7N9, all the epidemic I have participated in and survived, I believe this epidemic will pass as well.&quot;Her greatest wish is to hope that all the people in the department are safe, to achieve zero infection.<br /> Zero infection is not just a goal or a slogan. It needs to be implemented in every detail. As a special unit, the hospital has not only doctors and nurses, but also drivers and stretcher bearers. Only when everyone follows standard procedures can we really reach zero infections. As the head of the department, Li Xiaosong attaches great importance to pre-job training, strict assessment and supervision.Under her strict requirements, everyone knows the procedures, and everyone is dressed and unguarded strictly.<br /> <br /> Li Xiaosong smiled and said, “We have no choice but to do it well when things come to us. After all, all the emergency workers are one family. The most important thing is not to bring shame on our hospital.&quot; Li Xiaosong is outgoing and cheerful. She often tells jokes in the department, adjusts the tense atmosphere, makes his colleagues happy and gives them encouragement from time to time. She said: &quot;We must have confidence. SARS, H1N1, bird flu, and H7N9. I have participated in all the epidemic and survived, so I believe this epidemic will pass as well.&quot; Her greatest wish is to hope that all the people in the department are safe, to achieve zero infection. Zero infection is not just a goal or a slogan. It needs to be implemented in every detail. As a special unit, the hospital has not only doctors and nurses, but also drivers and stretcher bearers. Only when everyone follows standard procedures can we really reach zero infection. As the head of the department, Li Xiaosong attaches great importance to pre-job training, strict assessment and supervision. Under her strict requirements, everyone knows the procedures, and everyone dresses and takes off clothes strictly.<br /> <br /> ====谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu ====<br /> <br /> 从1月中旬起，每天的转运量开始急剧上升，考虑到医院 目前人员紧张，为了不增加医院的困难，李晓松率先改变排班 模式，将急救团队分成三个小组，每天两台负压车满负荷运转， 实行弹性排班，所有人24小时处于待命状态！她本人则24小 时守在科室，除了日常管理，每天还要操心耗材、对接患者、 消毒督导，遇到特殊的任务，还要亲自参与转运。<br /> 在一次火神山的转运任务中，120总部让她协助当天的核 对转运工作，10台负压车同时出发，从中午1时起，穿上厚厚 的防护服，直到晚上9点多才回到医院，全身的衣服都湿透了。<br /> 就是这样的一位“铁娘子”，当提起她的母亲时，禁不住 泪流满面。李晓松的家人因为工作和学习的原因，都在国外， 家里只有她和母亲两人，因为疫情防控工作，她将年近八旬的 老人独自留在家中，休息的时候才会打个电话，问候一下。<br /> <br /> From the middle of January, daily transport volume began to rise sharply. Considering the hospital was overstaffed, in order not to increase the difficulties of the hospital, Li Xiaosong took the lead in changing the scheduling mode. She divided the first aid team into three groups, with two negative pressure vehicles running at full capacity every day, implementing flexible scheduling, and everyone on standby 24 hours a day! She spent 24 hours in the department. In addition to daily management, she also had to worry about consumables, dock patients, provide supervision and guidance for disinfection, and personally participate in transport when encountering special tasks. During a transport mission in Huoshenshan, the 120 headquarter asked her to assist in the check and transport work that day. Ten negative pressure vehicles set off at the same time. She wore a thick protective suit from 1 p.m., and did not return to the hospital until after 9 p.m. Her clothes were drenched with sweat. Such an “iron lady”, when talking about her mother, could not help bursting into tears. Li Xiaosong’s family were abroad due to work and study, and she and her mother were the only two people at home. Due to the epidemic prevention and control work, she left the elderly women in her late 70s alone at home, and only called her when she had a rest.<br /> <br /> &lt;nowiki&gt;Insert non-formatted text here&lt;/nowiki&gt;====谢茜敏 Xie Ximin ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 当问到她选择这个职业后不后悔时，她毫不犹豫地说，不 后悔！她相信所有的付出都是值得的，为了自己的祖国，为了 自己的家乡，必须坚守岗位，无私奉献。<br /> 在120工作，是没有生活规律可循的，能睡觉时赶快睡， 能吃饭时赶快吃，因为你永远不知道完成任务后，会不会马上还有下一单。更多的时候，中午出发，也许到晚上才能回。一单接一单的急救任务，数量有限的防护装备，决定了 “随遇而安、 随时待命”是李晓松和同事唯一能选择的工作方式。有一次，来了一单任务，将一位疑似感染的患者从家里送到指定的隔离酒店。当李晓松的同事到达呼救地点时，患者始终联系不上，经多方打听，终于联系上远在外地的子女，才将患者送到隔离酒店。<br /> <br /> When asked if she regreted choosing this career, she said no without hesitation! She believed that all the efforts were worth it. For her own motherland and hometown, she must stick to the post with selfless dedication. There was no daily routine when working in 120. You must sleep and eat as soon as you could, because you never knew if there would be another order after you just finished one task. More often, they left at noon and might not return until evening. With a series of first-aid tasks and a finite amount of protective equipment, the only working mode Li Xiaosong and his colleagues could choose was to &quot;make the best of things and be always ready&quot;. Once came a mission transferring a patient with suspected infection from his or her home to the designated quarantine hotel. When Li Xiaosong's colleagues arrived at the rescue site, the patient could not be reached. After making inquiries, they finally contacted the patient's children far away from home, and sent the patient to the quarantine hotel.<br /> <br /> <br /> When asked if she regretted choosing this career, she said no without hesitation! She believed that all the efforts were worth it. For her own motherland and hometown, she must stick to the post with selfless dedication. There was no daily routine when working in 120. You must sleep and eat as soon as you can, because you never know if there will be another order after you have just finished one task. More often, they left at noon and might not return until evening. With a series of first-aid tasks and a finite amount of protective equipment, the only working mode Li Xiaosong and his colleagues could choose was to &quot;make the best of things and be always ready&quot;. Once came a mission transferring a patient with suspected infection from his or her home to the designated quarantine hotel. When Li Xiaosong's colleagues arrived at the rescue site, the patient could not be reached. After making inquiries, they finally contacted the patient's children far away from home, and sent the patient to the quarantine hotel.<br /> <br /> ====谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou====<br /> <br /> 然而，此时隔离酒店并不接受这位患者，称其不具备收治 无法自理老人的条件，李晓松和同事只能带着老人一家医院一 家医院地跑，又被一家又一家的医院拒绝，经过三个小时的努力， 仍然无能为力，只能将患者又送回家中。<br /> 故事很平淡，但是对于患者和家属，对于120的医生护士 而言，却深深感到发自内心的无助和无奈，其间拨打的所有电 话要么没有人接，要么就是不了了之，中间的几个小时，对于 他们都是煎熬和折磨。<br /> 这是金银潭医院“120部队”无数次急救任务中的一个缩影。 当战“疫”来临时，他们冲在最前线，他们是真正第一批次接 触新冠肺炎的一线医务人员。<br /> However, at this time, the isolation hotel did not accept the patient, saying that he did not have the conditions to treat the elderly who could not take care of themselves. Li Xiaosong and his colleagues had to take the elderly to one hospital after another, but they were refused by one hospital after another. After three hours of effort, they were still powerless and had to send the patient home again.<br /> The story is very simple, but for the patients and their families, as well as for the doctors and nurses in the emergency team, they deeply felt helpless and helpless from the bottom of their hearts. All the calls they made in the meantime were either not answered, or they just did nothing. The middle hours were painful and torturing for them.<br /> This is a microcosm of the countless first aid tasks of the first aid team of Jinyintan Hospital. When the pandemic came, they rushed to the forefront, and they were the first batch of first-line medical staff who really contacted COVID-19.<br /> <br /> However, at this time, the isolation hotel did not accept the patient, saying that he did not have the conditions to treat the elderly who could not take care of themselves. Li Xiaosong and his colleagues had to take the elderly to one hospital after another, but they were refused by one hospital after another. After three hours of effort, they were still powerless and had to send the patient home again.<br /> The story is very simple, but for the patients and their families, as well as for the doctors and nurses on the emergency team, deeply felt helpless and helpless from the bottom of their hearts. All the calls they made in the meantime were either not answered, or they just did nothing. The middle hours were painful and torturing for them.<br /> This is a microcosm of the countless first aid tasks of the first aid team of Jinyintan Hospital. When the pandemic came, they rushed to the forefront, and they were the first batch of first-line medical staff who really contacted COVID-19.<br /> <br /> ====谢紫佳 Xie Zijia====<br /> <br /> <br /> 战“疫”开始的阶段，所有的医护人员都有着相同的剧本： 身在疫区的自己，就是一颗定时炸弹。于是选择远离亲朋好友， 一个人上下班，一个人生活，备好食品药品，做持久战的准备。 每每接到家人关心的电话，嘱咐一定要注意安全；总是听到又 有哪位同事不幸被感染，又有多少患者不幸去世……<br /> 但是白衣战士的责任和担当，又让他们选择继续穿上防护 服，毅然出征。<br /> 郭威波是金银潭“120部队”的一名急救驾驶员，平时 大家都喜欢亲切地叫他“鸽子”。他是一位名副其实的大帅哥，身材魁梧、相貌英俊、心思细腻。每当他出车回来，都会认 真做笔记，走的哪条线路、距离多远、用时多少，堪称“120 活地图”。<br /> 郭威波本来是准备今年春节完婚的，一直计划着元旦休息<br /> At the beginning of the &quot;epidemic&quot;, all medical staff had the same script: being in the epidemic area was a time bomb.So I chose to stay away from my friends and family, work alone, live alone, prepare food and drugs, and prepare for a long war. Every time I receive a phone call from my family, telling them to be safe; I always hear which of my colleagues have unfortunately been infected, and how many patients have unfortunately passed away ......<br /> But the responsibility and commitment of the white soldiers, and let them choose to continue to wear protective clothing, determined to go out.<br /> Guo Weibo is an emergency driver of the &quot;120 unit&quot; in Jinyintan, and usually people like to call him &quot;Pigeon&quot; with affection. He's a truly handsome man, sturdy, handsome and fine in heart. Whenever he came back from a trip, he would take serious notes on which route he took, how far it was, and how much time it took, which is called a &quot;120 living map&quot;.<br /> Guo Weibo was planning to finish the wedding this spring, and have been planning to take a break on New Year's Day.<br /> <br /> At the beginning of the &quot;epidemic&quot;, all medical staff had the same script: being in the epidemic area was a time bomb.So I chose to stay away from my friends and family, work alone, live alone, prepare food and drugs, and prepare for a long war. Every time I receive a phone call from my family, telling them to be safe; I always hear which of my colleagues have unfortunately been infected, and how many patients have unfortunately passed away ......<br /> But the responsibility and commitment of the white soldiers, and let them choose to continue to wear protective clothing, determined to go out.<br /> Guo Weibo is an emergency driver of the &quot;120 unit&quot; in Jinyintan, and usually people like to call him &quot;Pigeon&quot; with affection. He's a truly handsome man, sturdy, handsome and fine in heart. Whenever he came back from a trip, he would take serious notes on which route he took, how far it was, and how much time it took, which is called a &quot;120 living map&quot;.<br /> Guo Weibo was planning to finish the wedding this Spring Festival, and have been planning to take a break on New Year's Day.<br /> <br /> ====熊丹 Xiong Dan====<br /> <br /> 时将准备工作做完，谁料到疫情突然暴发，他只得将家里的大 小事物都拜托给未婚妻，将婚期一拖再拖。<br /> 在“120部队”中，还有这样一个特殊的不可或缺的群体 最容易被忽视。他们来自农村，没有耀眼的学历，没有傲人的 医术，不会说什么豪言壮语，却有一颗纯朴、善良、负责的心， 在这个特殊的时期，不畏疫情,与医护人员一起守护人民的健康, 他们就是担架师傅。<br /> 在防护用品短缺的情况下，他们主动把N95 口罩和厚一点 的防护服让给医生护士，他们说：“我们是农村人，身体好。 你们医生护士是有文化的人，有本领，能救更多的人，千万不 能得病。”<br /> 这些朴实的话语让人忍不住流下了眼泪。<br /> He would be ready to finish work.Who knows the sudden outbreak of the pandemic. He had to give the chores to his fiancee,and the wedding was delayed again and again.<br /> There is one particular indispensable group in the 120-Force that is most easily overlooked. They come from the countryside, no dazzling education, no proud medical skills, do not speak bold words, but have a simple, kind, responsible heart.In this special period, they don’t afraid of the pandemic, together with the medical staff to protect people's health. They are stretcher masters.<br /> In the face of a shortage of protective equipment, they volunteered to give N95 masks and thicker protective suits to doctors and nurses, saying, &quot;We are rural people and in good health. You doctors and nurses are educated and capable people who can save more people. You must not get sick.&quot;<br /> Those simple words brought tears to one's eyes.<br /> He would be ready to finish work. Who knows the sudden outbreak of the pandemic. He had to give the chores to his fiancee,and the wedding was delayed again and again.<br /> There is one particular indispensable group in the 120-Force that is most easily overlooked. They come from the countryside, no dazzling education, no proud medical skills, do not speak bold words, but have a simple, kind, responsible heart. In this special period, they are not afraid of the pandemic, together with the medical staff to protect people's health. They are stretcher masters.<br /> In the face of a shortage of protective equipment, they volunteered to give N95 masks and thicker protective suits to doctors and nurses, saying, &quot;We are rural people and in good health. You doctors and nurses are educated and capable people who can save more people. You must not get sick.&quot;<br /> Those simple words brought tears to one's eyes.<br /> <br /> ====徐思禹 Xu Siyu====<br /> <br /> 疫情肆虐时，很多人选择了逃离，而更多担架工师傅却选 择留下来。其中最年轻的黄启胜，在封城前利用休息时间回了 家。封城后，由于道路不通，无法按时到岗，他非常着急，担 心因为个人原因影响医院的工作。后来经过多方协调，终于回 到了工作岗位。他们是无数个奉献者中的一员，同样是这个时 代最可爱的人。<br /> 如果说临床科室医生和护士是战斗在一线的勇士，那么这 支“120部队”急救人员就是战斗在疫情最前沿的尖兵！<br /> 医院南二病区的他们<br /> 生命重于泰山，疫情就是命令，防控就是责任！<br /> When the epidemic was raging, many people chose to flee, while more stretcher bearers chose to stay. The youngest of them, Huang Qisheng, used his break to return home before the city lockdown. After the closure, he was very anxious because he could not arrive at work on time due to the closed roads, and was worried that his personal reasons would affect the work of the hospital. Later, after coordination, he finally returned to work. They are one of the countless dedicated people who are also the most lovely people of this era. If the doctors and nurses in the clinical departments are the warriors fighting on the front line, then the &quot;120 units&quot; of emergency personnel are the frontline soldiers fighting in the pandemic! Their lives are more important than the mountains, the pandemic is an order, and prevention and control is a responsibility!<br /> <br /> When the epidemic was raging, many people chose to escape, while more stretcher men chose to stay. The youngest of them, Huang Qisheng, returned home during his break before the lockdown. Due to the lockdown, the roads were blocked and he was unable to arrive at place on time. He was very anxious and worried that the delay would affect the rescue by the hospital. Later, after coordination, he finally returned to work. They were one of the countless dedicated people who are also the most lovely people of this era. <br /> If the clinical doctors and nurses are the warriors fighting on the front line, the emergency personnel of &quot;120 units&quot; are the frontline soldiers fighting in the pandemic! <br /> Nothing is more valuable than lives! The pandemic control is an order! The prevention and control resolute is a priority responsibility!<br /> <br /> ====颜琦 Yan Qi ====<br /> <br /> 在这场疫情阻击战中，武汉市金银潭医院南二病区全体医护人员在主任谢学磊的带领下，持续冲锋在一线，夜以继日地开展救治工作，他们竭尽所能、争分夺秒，如今已连轴战斗了50多个日日夜夜。<br /> <br /> In the battle against the virus, all the health workers in the South Second Ward of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, guided by Xie Xuelei, the hospital director, continued to work in the front line and struggled to cure patients around the clock. They did their best and wasted no time. It has been over 50 days and 50 nights since they worked almost without a break. <br /> <br /> 最“铁心”的妈妈——李坤霞<br /> <br /> The Most &quot;Hard-Headed&quot; Mother: Li Kunxia<br /> <br /> “我刚才跟妈打电话了，女儿很懂事，很听话，你只管安心地工作，自己也要做好防护啊！家里，你就不要牵挂了，有我呢！”李坤霞接到丈夫的电话，眼里闪着泪花。<br /> <br /> &quot;I just talked to your mom on the phone. Our girl is very sensible and obedient. you only need to focus on your job and protect yourself! Don't worry about us at home, I'm here!&quot; Li Kunxia answers the phone from her husband, eyes flashing with tears.<br /> <br /> 为做好安全隔离，更为了家人健康考虑，她执意一个人住宾馆，一岁多的女儿只能交给老人照顾。<br /> <br /> In order to safely isolated humans and consider the health of her family, she insisted on living alone in a hotel, and her daughter who is more than one year old was sent to her parents for good care.<br /> <br /> 她心里虽有千言万语，但深知使命崇高、责无旁贷，每次只能与家人几句简短的问候，便匆忙挂掉电话，收起眼泪直奔病房。<br /> <br /> Although she had many words to say, she knew her moral obligations and duties as a medic. Every time she could only tell a few brief greetings to her family before she hung up the phone hurriedly, wiped away her tears and ran to the wards.<br /> <br /> 最“倔强”的大姐——王芳<br /> <br /> The Most &quot;Stubborn&quot; Big Sister: Wang Fang<br /> <br /> <br /> In the battle against the virus, all the health workers in the South Second Ward of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, guided by the hospital director Xie Xuelei, continued to work in the front line and struggled to cure patients around the clock. They did their best and wasted no time. They have worked for over 50 days without break.<br /> The Most &quot;Hard-Heart&quot; Mother: Li Kunxia<br /> &quot;I just talked to your mom on the phone. Our girl is very sensible and obedient. You only need to focus on your job and protect yourself! Don't worry about us. I'm here!&quot; Li Kunxia talked with her husband on the phone, eyes flashing with tears.<br /> Consider the health of her family, to have a safe isolation, she insisted on living alone in a hotel, and sent her one-year-old daughter to her parents to take care of.<br /> Although she had many words to say, she knew her moral obligations and duties as a medic. Every time she could only tell a few brief greetings to her family before she hung up the phone hurriedly, then wiping away her tears and running to the wards.<br /> The Most &quot;Stubborn&quot; Sister: Wang Fang<br /> <br /> ====杨思吟 Yang Siyin====<br /> <br /> 王芳是一个有着丰富救治经验的“老前辈”，也是个热心 肠的大姐，对科室的年轻医生非常照顾，并经常将自己宝贵的 工作经验与大家分享。<br /> 随着疫情形势的日益严峻，接诊量大幅增多，她顾不上正 处在初三学习冲刺阶段的儿子，自疫情开始，一直穿着密闭的 防护服连续奋战，在隔离区不敢喝水，不能上厕所，浑身闷透。<br /> 每当同事忍不住说起：“王大姐，您休息一会儿，让我去 吧”，“倔强”的她总是回复：“我还行。”<br /> 最“拼命”的伙伴一黄晴<br /> <br /> Wang Fang is a senior medical worker with wealthy treatment experience. Also being kind-hearted, she is considerable to young doctors in her department and often shares her invaluable working experience with them. As the pandemic grew serious, with the surging number of patients, she could not take care of her son who are striving to study hard in the final year of middle school. Since the outbreak of pandemic, she had worked for several days running wearing airtight protective clothing. In the isolation zone, she was afraid of drinking water and could not go to toilet, stuffy and sweaty. Every time her colleagues couldn’t help saying that, “ you should take a break. I can do this work.” She always replied stubbornly, “ I am OK.” The most hard working partner— Huang Qing<br /> <br /> Wang Fang is a senior medical worker with abundant treatment experience. Also being kind-hearted, she cares after young doctors in her department and often shares her invaluable working experience with them. As the pandemic grew serious, with the surging number of patients, she could not take care of her son who is striving to study hard in the final year of middle school. Since the outbreak of pandemic, she had worked for several days running wearing airtight protective clothing. In the isolation zone, she was afraid of drinking water and could not go to toilet, with the whole body stuffy and sweaty. Every time her colleagues couldn’t help saying that, “ you should take a break. I can do this work.” She always replied stubbornly, “ I am OK.” The most hard working partner— Huang Qing<br /> <br /> ====杨晰微 Yang Xiwei====<br /> <br /> <br /> 疫情发生以来，连续在一线奋战40多天的高强度工作，让 黄晴医生的身体开始吃不消了，身体不适的她本应少走动多休 息，但刚打完吊瓶的她，就第一时间主动请缨，强烈要求继续 参与战斗，看着她虚弱的身体，大家纷纷劝她注意休息。<br /> “你们都在火线竭尽所能，我这点小病算不了什么，关键 时候绝不能’掉链子’，不用担心，我还可以！”她坚定的话 语让大家既心疼又钦佩。<br /> 最“贴心”的暖男一李翼、余振兴<br /> <br /> Since the outbreak of pandemic, Doctor Huang Qing has been working in the frontline for over 40 days in a high intensity and she started to wear herself out. Because she was uncomfortable, she should have more rest and walk less. Nevertheless, after taking an IV drip, she just took the initiative the first time, strongly asking to keep on fighting. Looking that she was weak, everyone tried to persuade her to have a rest. <br /> <br /> &quot;You all work in the frontline and my minor illness doesn't matter. I can't &quot;drop the chain&quot; at a key moment. Don't worry. I can hold on.&quot; Her firm words made them feel sorry and admired. <br /> <br /> The most &quot;thoughful&quot; warm boys were Li Yi, Yu Zhenxin.<br /> <br /> <br /> Since the outbreak of the pandemic, Doctor Huang Qing has been working in the frontline for more than 40 days in a high intensity and she started to wear herself out. Because she was uncomfortable, she should have walked less and rested more. Nevertheless, after taking an IV drip, she just took the initiative the first time, strongly asking to keep on fighting. Looking that she was weak, everyone tried to persuade her to have a rest. <br /> <br /> &quot;You all work in the frontline and my minor illness doesn't matter. I can't &quot;drop the chain&quot; at a key moment. Don't worry. I can hold on.&quot; Her firm words made everyone feel both pain and admiration. <br /> <br /> The most &quot;thoughful&quot; warm boys were Li Yi, Yu Zhenxin.<br /> <br /> ====余海铭 Yu Haiming====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 李翼和余振兴的爱人都是本院的职工，为打赢疫情阻击战， 他们把孩子托给年迈的父母照料。这两对夫妻同心协力，携手 逆行，义无反顾。<br /> 每次丈夫一句“戴好口罩，做好防护”，妻子一句“知道了”， 接着就双双奔赴病房。即便爱人也在同一个医院工作，但经常 是36到48小时，甚至更长时间见不到一面，这也是医院诸多 双职工的日常。<br /> 虽然他们顾不上“小家”，但独揽了科室“大家”的后勤， 大到防护物资领取，小到分发科室盒饭，在这场日夜不息的战 斗中，他们既是火线“急先锋”，又是科室“勤务兵”。<br /> 最“心细”的娘家人一一谢学磊<br /> Li Yi and Yu Zhenxing, whose lovers are both employees of the hospital, entrusted their children to the care of their elderly parents in order to win the battle against the epidemic. These two couples worked together and went against the odds hand in hand. Every time the husband said, &quot;Wear a mask and take good care of yourself,&quot; and the wife said, &quot;Got it,&quot; and then they both ran to the ward. Even though they work in the same hospital, they often do not see each other for 36 to 48 hours, or even longer, which is the daily routine of many double workers in the hospital. Although they can't take care of the &quot;small family&quot;, they take charge of the logistics of the &quot;big family&quot; of the department, from the collection of protective materials to the distribution of departmental box lunches. In this day and night battle, they are not only the &quot;pioneers&quot; of the fire line, but also the &quot;orderly soldiers&quot; of the department. The most &quot;attentive&quot; mother's family one by one Xie Xuelei<br /> <br /> Li Yi and Yu Zhenxing, whose lovers are both employees of the hospital, left their children to be taken care by their elderly parents in order to win the battle against the epidemic. These two couples worked together and fought against the epidemic hand in hand. Every time the husband hust said &quot;Wear a mask and take good care of yourself,&quot; and the wife replied &quot;Got it&quot; and then they both ran to work in different wards. Even though they work in the same hospital, they often do not see each other for 36 to 48 hours, or even longer, which is the daily routine of many working couples in the hospital. Although they can't take care of the &quot;small family&quot;, they take charge of the logistics of the &quot;big family&quot; of the department, from the collection of protective materials to the distribution of departmental box meals. In this day and night battle, they are not only the &quot;pioneers&quot; of the fire line, but also the &quot;orderly soldiers&quot; of the department. The most &quot;attentive&quot; family member ——Xie Xuelei<br /> <br /> ====曾晨 Zeng Chen ====<br /> <br /> 谢学磊是南二病区的主任，面对焦虑的患者,她都亲力亲为， 一声声问诊，一遍遍安慰，一句句嘱咐，即使自己再苦再累都 藏在心底。<br /> 在隔离病区，医生和护士要直接、密切地接触患者，感染 风险高、心理压力大，穿戴层层防护装备后，闷热、憋气，时 间长了会有缺氧的感觉，每次她都会在第一时间为大家进行心 理疏导。<br /> “有谢主任无微不至的关怀，即便疫情再凶猛，工作再辛 苦我们也不怕，因为谢主任就是我们坚强的后盾。”谢学磊的 存在，让科室同事感到踏实。<br /> 在这次新型冠状病毒疫情面前，他们没有豪言壮语，也没 有耀眼的光环，只是默默努力，坚守自己的岗位。疫情面前， 他们就是战士，疫情就是命令，岗位就是战场，他们不惧风险、 严阵以待，用实际行动恪守初心、践行使命。<br /> <br /> Xie Xuelei is the director of the second South ward area, in the face of patients with anxiety, she dealt with them herself, comforting and ordering one by one, over and over again. All the bitter and tiredness are hidden in the bottom of her heart. In the isolation ward, doctors and nurses should contact patients directly and closely, with high risk of infection and great psychological pressure. After wearing layers of protective equipment, they will feel stuffy and suffocated, and there will be a feeling of hypoxia after a long time. Every time, she will conduct psychological counseling for them in the first time. &quot;With Director Xie’s meticulous care, the most fierce epidemic and hard work will not frighten us as she is our strong supporter.&quot; The presence of Xie Xuelei makes colleagues in the department feel reliable. Facing the novel coronavirus epidemic, they do not speak bold words, nor do they have a dazzling halo, they just work quietly and stick to their posts. In the face of the epidemic, they are soldiers, with the epidemic being the order, and the post the battlefield. They are not afraid of risks, but are fully-prepared and stick to their original intention and fulfill their mission with concrete actions.<br /> <br /> Xie Xuelei is the director of the second South ward area, in the face of anxious patients, she dealt with them herself, asking and consulting them one by one, comforting them over and over again. All the bitter and tiredness are hidden in the bottom of her heart. In the isolation wards, doctors and nurses were looking after patients directly and closely, with high risk of infection and great psychological pressure. After wearing layers of protective equipment, they will feel stuffy and suffocated, and there will be a feeling of hypoxia after a long time. Every time, she will conduct psychological counseling for them at first. &quot;With Director Xie’s meticulous care, the most fierce epidemic and hard work will not frighten us as she is our strong supporter.&quot; The presence of Xie Xuelei makes colleagues in the department feel reliable. Facing the novel coronavirus epidemic, they do not speak bold words, nor do they have a dazzling halo, they just work quietly and stick to their duties. In the face of the epidemic, they are soldiers, with the epidemic being the order, and the post the battlefield. They are not afraid of risks, and are fully-prepared and sticking to their original intention and fulfill their mission with concrete actions.<br /> <br /> ==Part 8== <br /> <br /> ====张海珊 Zhang Haishan ====<br /> <br /> 后勤，一群不回家的人<br /> 在疫情风暴眼中心的武汉市金银潭医院，有这样一群以科 室为家的人。白天，办公室是他们的调度指挥室。晚上，就在 办公室搭起简易行军床，24小时在医院值守，真正做到了 “闻 令即行”，成为春节中“不回家的人”。<br /> 他们，就是医院后勤保障战线的干部职工。<br /> 路灯下的身影<br /> <br /> In the back-office, there was a group of people who were not going home. At Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, the center of this epidemic, there is a group of people who take the office as their home. During the day, the office is their dispatching room. In the evening, they set up simple camp beds in the office and were on duty in the hospital 24 hours a day, truly &quot;acting on orders&quot; and becoming &quot;people who won't go home&quot; during the Spring Festival. They are the cadres and workers of the hospital backup support front. <br /> Figures under the street lamp.<br /> <br /> In the back offices of hospital, there was always a group of people who were not going home. At Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, the center of this epidemic, there is a group of people who regard the office as their home. During the day, the office is their dispatching room. In the evening, they set up simple camp beds in the office and were on duty in the hospital day and night, truly &quot;acting on orders&quot; and becoming &quot;people who won't go home&quot; during the Spring Festival. They are the cadres and workers of the hospital backup support front. <br /> Figures under the street lamp.<br /> <br /> ====张珂珂 Zhang Keke====<br /> <br /> 医院总务科的工作历来琐碎杂乱，特别是在应对新型冠状 病毒疫情这个非常时期，头绪多，任务重，承担着为前方队友 送炮弹、做好全方位保障的艰巨任务。<br /> 医院总务科科长黄高平把“增强四个意识、坚定四个自信、 做到两个维护”转化在实实在在的行动中。他克服自己年龄偏大、 家庭负担较重的困难，全心全意投入到医院总务科的各项工作 中来。黄高平每天坚持巡查水、电、气管线多次，尤其是晚上， 总是能看到路灯下他拿着手持电话机在医院每个点位巡查的咼 大身影。<br /> 由于医院收治的重症患者偏多，在医护人员救治过程中难 免会突发一些意外事件。一次，在ICU病区的抢救中，患者喷出来的血痰导致医疗 设备短路，黄高平带 领维修组的同志第一 时间赶赴现场抢修， 及时保障了设备的正 常运行。<br /> <br /> members in the general affairs office of hospital have trivial and messy work, especially on the critical stage of fighting against Covid-19 coronavirus, with heavy tasks, and need to provide wholesale equipments and servic. Huang Gaoping, the Chief of the General Affairs Section of the Hospital, transformed &quot;enhancing the four consciousnesses and strengthening the four self-confidences and then achieving the two maintenances&quot; into concrete actions. Although he is old with heavy family burden, he still overcame these difficulties and devoted himself wholeheartedly to all the work of the general affairs of hospital. He sticks to check the water, electricity and gas pipelines many times. Especially at night, people would always see him patrol every point of the hospital with a handled phone under the street lamp. <br /> Because there are too many critically ill patients admitted to the hospital, it is difficult to avoid some accidents in the treatment. One day, In the rescue of patient in ICU ward, the patient's blood sputum caused short circuit of medical equipment, the maintenance team led by Huang Gaoping rushed so quickly there for emergency repair that guarantee the normal operation of the equipment.<br /> members in the general affairs office of hospital have trivial and messy work, especially on the critical stage of fighting against Covid-19 coronavirus, with heavy tasks, and need to provide wholesale equipments and servic. Huang Gaoping, the Chief of the General Affairs Section of the Hospital, transformed &quot;enhancing the four consciousnesses and strengthening the four self-confidences and then achieving the two maintenances&quot; into concrete actions. Although he is old with heavy family burden, he still overcame these difficulties and devoted himself wholeheartedly to all the work of the general affairs of hospital. He sticks to check the water, electricity and gas pipelines many times. Especially at night, people would always see him patrol every point of the hospital with a handled phone under the street lamp. <br /> Because there are too many critically ill patients admitted to the hospital, it is difficult to avoid some accidents in the treatment. One day, In the rescue of patient in ICU ward, the patient's blood sputum caused short circuit of medical equipment, the maintenance team led by Huang Gaoping rushed so quickly there for emergency repair that guarantee the normal operation of the equipment.<br /> <br /> ====张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei====<br /> <br /> 由于没有家属陪 护，医院有些患者生活 无法自理，会出现将污 物随意丢弃，堵塞下水 管的情况。维修组的同 志们毫无怨言，尽早疏 通，还主动排查保证各 个下水管道的畅通。<br /> 除了保证医院的水电气、电梯以及污水处理站的正常运行 外，他们无论白天、黑夜接到电话都会以最短的时间赶到现场， 处理各种应急事件，院内的路灯下留下了他们长长的身影。<br /> 据统计，在40多天的时间里，总务科共安装了 200多台 挂壁式消毒机、近600盏紫外线灯，铺设病区电线近千米， 维修全院路灯60多盏、病区感应水龙头几百个，更换300来 套隔离病区的锁扣，疏通病区内的厕所下水道及洗脸盆下水道 40处。<br /> 他们还配合企业5天内完成了医院液氧站的建设改造，由 原来2个5立方氧罐改为2个10立方氧罐，落实了病区不间断 高流量供氧的需求。<br /> 匆匆的脚步<br /> Some patients in the hospital are unable to take care of themselves because they are not accompanied by their family members. They will discard the dirt at will and block the sewer pipe. The comrades of the maintenance team did not complain at all, and they fixed them as soon as possible. They also took the initiative to check and ensure that all sewer pipes were unblocked. In addition to ensuring the normal operation of the water, electricity, elevator and sewage treatment station in the hospital, they will arrive at the scene in the shortest time to deal with various emergency events whenever they receive a call in the day and night, leaving a long shadow under the street lights in the hospital. According to statistics, in 40 days, the General Affairs Department has installed more than 200 wall mounted sterilizer, nearly 600 ultraviolet lamps, laid nearly 1000 meters of wires in the ward, maintained more than 60 street lamps in the hospital, hundreds of induction taps in the ward, replaced more than 300 sets of locks to isolate the ward, and dredged 40 toilets and washbasins in the ward. They also cooperated with the enterprise to complete the construction and transformation of the hospital's liquid oxygen station within 5 days, from the original two 5 cubic oxygen tanks to two 10 cubic oxygen tanks, fulfilling the needs of the ward for uninterrupted high flow oxygen supply. Hurried footsteps<br /> <br /> ====张思诗 Zhang Sishi====<br /> <br /> “15分钟后有12名病患到门诊CT室做检查，各自到位 做好道路管制，快点！快点！”在医院院区总能看到一位一边 快速奔走一边用对讲机呼叫的高大身影，他就是金银潭医院保 卫科科长周德义，一位近20年党龄的老党员。面对疫情，他没 有恐惧，没有退缩，不分昼夜地奋战在自己的岗位上。<br /> 保卫科虽然不在救治病患的最前线，但在这次防控工作中 保卫工作显得尤其重要。每栋病房楼下面都要安排人员24小时 值守，不让患者和家属随意进出病区,还要负责转运病区的患者, 运送各病区所需的医疗和生活物资，安排去医技科室检查的道 路清场等。<br /> <br /> &quot;We have 12 patients in the outpatient CT room in 15 minutes. Get in position. Do your road control. Hurry up!&quot; In the hospital area, you can always see a tall figure running fast while calling with the intercom. In the face of the epidemic, he did not fear or retreat, but fought day and night at his post. Although the security department was not at the forefront of the treatment of patients, it was particularly important in the prevention and control work. He was also responsible for transferring patients from the wards, transporting medical and living materials to the wards, and arranging for road clearances to the medical and technical departments.<br /> <br /> &quot;We would have 12 patients in the outpatient CT room in 15 minutes. Get in position. Do your road control，and just hurry up!&quot; In the hospital, you could always see a tall figure running fast while calling with the intercom. He was Zhou Yide, head of security section of Jinyintan hospital and who joined the party almost 20 years. In the face of the epidemic, he did not fear or retreat, but fought day and night at his post. Although the security department was not at the forefront of the treatment of patients, it was particularly important in the prevention and control work. He was also responsible for transferring patients from the wards, transporting medical and living materials to the wards, and arranging for road clearances to the medical and technical departments.<br /> <br /> ====张婷 Zhang Ting====<br /> <br /> 疫情发生正是春节期间，而且金银潭医院收治的都是确诊 的新冠肺炎患者，很多物业人员因为害怕被感染都回家了，在 急缺人手的情况下，周德义经请示批准后调动了一切可以调配 的人员组建了临时班组，毫无怨言地接下了繁重的工作。<br /> 年近花甲的他奔赴在医院的每一个角落，时值冬季，汗水 常常浸透了他的衣衫。<br /> 保卫科的职工吴昌顺，是2019年入党的新党员，平日里 是位活泼可爱的阳光大男孩。疫情期间，他除了完成医院的安 保工作，还承担了为病区走廊上的加床患者送瓶装氧气的工作， 随着医院救治任务加重，走廊上的加床患者越来越多，这些患 者没有中心供氧设施，主要靠瓶装氧气供应，他和同事们接到 任务后都以最快的速度把氧气瓶送到病区。<br /> <br /> The epidemic occurred during the Spring Festival, and Jinyintan Hospital admitted all patients with confirmed covid-19, many property staff went home for fear of being infected.<br /> Although he was almost an old man, he ran in every corner of the hospital. Even if it was in winter, sweat often soaked through his clothes.<br /> Wu Changshun, an employee of the Security Section, was a new member of the Party who joined the Party in 2019 and was usually a lively and lovely sunny boy. During the epidemic, in addition to completing the hospital's security work, he also took on the job of delivering bottled oxygen to the extra bed patients in the corridor of the ward. As the hospital's treatment tasks increased, there were more and more extra bed patients in the corridor, and these patients did not have central oxygen supply facilities and mainly relied on bottled oxygen supply. Both he and his colleagues delivered oxygen cylinders to the ward as quickly as possible after receiving the assignment.<br /> <br /> It was during the Spring Festival that the pandemic outbroke, and patients admitted by Jinyintan Hospital were all infected COVID-19. Many property staff went home for fear of being infected. In the case of an urgent shortage of staff, Zhou Deyi transferred all available personnel to form a temporary team after asking for the approval, taking over the heavy work without complaint. <br /> The man, who was nearly sixty years old, ran in every corner of the hospital. Even if it was in winter, sweat often soaked through his clothes.<br /> Wu Changshun, an employee of the Security Section, was a new member of the Party who joined the CPC in 2019, lively and lovely. During the pandemic, in addition to completing the hospital's security work, he also took on the job of delivering bottled oxygen to the patients in the corridor of the ward. As the hospital's treatment tasks increased, there were more and more patients living in the corridor, who had no central oxygen supply facilities and mainly relied on bottled oxygen supply. Therefore, both he and his colleagues delivered oxygen cylinders to them as quickly as possible after receiving the assignment.<br /> <br /> ====张文琦 Zhang Wenqi ====<br /> <br /> 医院防护物资紧缺，为了保障一线医护人员的供应，他和 同事们只能穿着爱心人士捐赠的没有达到应有防护级别的隔离 服进病区，“我们送到后就及时出来，隔离服要留给医生护士， 他们在里面待得久，不能没有保障。”吴昌顺的话语非常朴实。<br /> 他们也是战士，虽然默默无闻，却一样冒着生命危险守卫 着这片土地上的人民。<br /> 寒冬中的汗水<br /> 金银潭医院在新冠肺炎疫情中备受关注，得到了全国人民 的支援与关爱。社会企业和公众发挥大爱无疆的公益精神，踊 跃捐献各类物资到医院。<br /> <br /> Due to the shortage of protective materials in the hospital, he and his colleagues could only wear isolation suits caring people donated which did not meet the due protection level, so as to guarantee the supply of front-line medical staff. “We came out as soon as materials were sent to them. Isolation suits should be left to medical staff, because they cannot stay inside for a long time without security,” said Wu Changshun sincerely. <br /> They were fighters, too. Although unknown, they risked their lives to protect the people of this land. <br /> Sweat in the Severe Winter <br /> Jinyintan Hospital has drawn much attention in the COVID-19 pandemic and has received support and care from the people of the whole country. Social enterprises and the public gave full play to the public spirit of boundless love through active donations of various materials to hospitals.<br /> <br /> Due to the shortage of protective materials in the hospital, he and his colleagues could only wear isolation suits caring people donated which did not meet the due protection level, in order to guarantee the supply of front-line medical staff. “We came out as soon as materials were sent to them. Isolation suits should be left to medical staff, because they cannot stay inside for a long time without security,” said Wu Changshun sincerely. They were also fighters. Though unknown, they risked their lives to protect the local people.<br /> Sweat in the severe winter <br /> Jinyintan Hospital has drawn much attention in the COVID-19 pandemic and has received support and care from the people of the whole country. Social enterprises and the public gave full play to the public spirit of boundless love through active donations of various materials to hospitals.<br /> <br /> ====周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan====<br /> <br /> 把捐献的物资保管好、分配好、使用好，是保证一线医护 人员顺利生活、工作的基础。金银潭医院后勤保障战线的同志 除了完成本职工作外还义无反顾地承担起接收与分配捐献物资 的重任。社会各界捐献的物资千差万别，有生活用品，有医疗 用品；有鲜活型的，有长期型的；有对口指定支援的，有特殊 用途的。他们秉持一颗公心，事事突出&quot;精准&quot;特点，讲规矩， 听指挥。<br /> 接收捐献物资医疗器材、食品、各种生活用品全部都登记 入账，保存安全并分发及时，做到了 “账目清晰、公开廉政、 使用合理、保障有力”。<br /> 2月15日的晚上10点多钟，忙碌了一天的医院逐渐地放 慢了节奏。此时，医院突然接到一批消毒用品的捐献，车辆即 将到达医院。<br /> 夜晚寒冷，白天的疲劳还未消退，但一想到明天医护人员还 要冲锋上前，全院需要消杀保障，爱心人士正在路上奔波，医院 后勤的员工临时组建突击小分队，第一时间集结，由食堂的班组 <br /> 长袁勇带队，8个人10分钟内到齐，开辟通道，整理仓库。<br /> <br /> The basis for the smooth life and work of front-line medical staff is the careful reservation, equal distribution and sufficient use of donated materials. These donations from all walks of life can be divided into different types, including daily necessities and medical supplies; some for instant use, some for long-term use; some for designated support and some for a specific purpose. The receiving and distribution of them is undertaken by comrades from Jinyintan Hospital logistics support front, who also do their regular work well. Taking an orientated approach and following the instructions, these comrades all work for the public. Under the principle of clear accounts, open and clean work, reasonable use and full guarantee, medical equipment, food and all kinds of daily necessities are registered, kept safely and distributed in a timely manner. After 10 o ’clock in the evening on February 15, the staff gradually slowed down after a busy day. At that time, they were informed that a batch of disinfection supplies are about to arrive at the hospital. Though cold and tired, they were assembled immediately to ensure that tomorrow’s work is smooth and to support the work of the caring people. Led by Yuan Yong, the team leader of the canteen, eight people arrived within 10 minutes to open the channel and sort out the warehouse.<br /> <br /> It is the careful reservation, equal distribution and sufficient use of donated materials that guarantee the smooth life and work of front-line medical staff. Except for their duties, they also needed to take the responsibilities of receiving and distribution of donated goods. These donations from all walks of life can be divided into different types, including daily necessities and medical supplies; some for instant use, some for long-term use; some for designated support and some for a specific purpose. With a devoting heart to the Public they put &quot;precision&quot; into the centre of their attention and strictly followed the instruction. They managed to register and dispense all the donated medical suppies, foods, and daily necessities in time in the principle of &quot;clear accounts, public governance, reasonable using, powerful guarantee&quot;. Late at 10 p.m. on the 15th of Februrary, the staff gradually slowed down after a busy day. At that time, they were informed that a batch of disinfection supplies were about to arrive at the hospital. Though cold and tired, they were assembled immediately to ensure that tomorrow's work be smooth to support the work of the caring people. Led by Yuan Yong, the team leader of the canteen, eight people arrived within 10 minutes to smooth the channel and sort out the warehouse.<br /> <br /> ====周子豪 Zhou Zihao ====<br /> <br /> 车辆一到达医院，即开始紧张的清点、交接与卸载工作。每 个人平均搬运40多件包装品，仅用了 50分钟便全部整理入库。 前来捐献的爱心人士敬佩地说：“我跑了那么多的单位，金银潭 医院的同志们最是认真负责，物品捐赠给你们，我们放心！”<br /> 当爱心人士的车辆离开后，8个人才发现，虽然是在寒冷 的冬夜，但每个人脸上都挂满了汗珠。<br /> 在这场战“疫”中，金银潭医院后勤保障战线的这个群体， 主动请缨，并肩作战。医院的每一个角落都是他们的战场，守 护好身边的“白衣战士”、守护好身处的这座城，是他们唯一 的心愿。<br /> The nervous work of counting, transferring and unloading started right after the cars have arrived. Everyone took averagely more than 40 packages and it took only 50 minutes to put them all in storage. &quot;Among all the places I hav ever been, people here are the most meticulous ones. It did reassure me to rely on you.&quot; people who came to donate said respectfully. It was after the cars had left they noticed the sweat on their faces in such a cold weather. During the battle against the pandemic, the logistical department of Jinyintan Hospital took its responsibilities to fight hand in hand. Their batteground covered every corner of the hospital. It was the only wish that they safeguard their warriors in white and the city behind.<br /> <br /> As soon as the vehicle arrived at the hospital, the intensive counting, handover and unloading work began. It only took 50 minutes for each person to handle 40 packages and put them into storage. The loving people who came to donate said with admiration: &quot;I have run so many units, the comrades of Jinyintan Hospital are the most serious and responsible. We can rest assured that the goods donated to you!&quot;<br /> When the car left, the eight realized that even though it was a cold winter night, their faces were covered with beads of sweat.<br /> In this war &quot;epidemic&quot;, Jinyintan Hospital logistics support front of this group, volunteered to fight side by side. Every corner of the hospital is their battlefield, protect the side of the &quot;white soldiers&quot;, protect the city, is their only wish.<br /> <br /> ====庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====<br /> <br /> 金银潭医院后勤员工在搬运物资<br /> “暴风之眼”中的医院GCP<br /> 2019年12月30日，武汉市金银潭医院GCP （药物临床试 验机构）及项目组成员在I期临床试验研究室召开了 2个BE项 目的启动会，兼任项目PI的张定宇院长在会议总结时重点强调： “当前流感盛行，大家一定要注意保暖，避免感冒。”<br /> 当时，GCP的同事并未觉察到院长的深意。几天后，他们 才知道，就在启动会的前一天晚上（12月29日），医院收治了 几名不明原因肺炎患者。<br /> 也就是从这天起，金银潭医院，特别是呼吸道感染科，在 超前谋划的张定宇带领下，积极投身于这场没有硝烟的战“疫”。<br /> 加快试验入组，机构、伦理齐迈步<br /> <br /> Logistics staff carry supplies at Yinintan Hospital<br /> Hospital GCP in the Eye of the Storm<br /> On December 30, 2019, GCP (Drug clinical Trial Institution) of Wuhan Yintan Hospital and members of the project team held the launch meeting of two BE projects in the Phase I clinical trial laboratory. Zhang Dingyu, who is also the PI of the project, emphasized in the conclusion of the meeting: &quot;Influenza is prevalent now, everyone must pay attention to keep warm and avoid catching cold.&quot;<br /> At the time, his colleagues at the GCP were unaware of the dean's intentions. Only a few days later did they learn that the night before the launch (29 December), several patients with unknown pneumonia had been admitted to the hospital.<br /> From that day on, Jinyintan Hospital, especially the respiratory tract infection Department, under the leadership of Zhang Dingyu, who planned ahead, actively engaged in the battle without smoke.<br /> Speed up the experimental group, organization, ethics step forward<br /> <br /> ====Wellsand, Benjamin====<br /> <br /> 2020年新年伊始，随着医院收治的类似患者日渐增加，且 临床未找到有效药物治疗的情形下，帮助临床寻找特效药物成 了当务之急。<br /> 他们通过文献检索、同类机构指导发现：洛匹那韦/利托 那韦和干扰素-a2b, Remdesivir,对新型冠状病毒单/多克隆 抗体可能有效，需紧急开展临床试验以验证这些药物对治疗新 冠肺炎的有效性。接下来的每天，他们与时间赛跑，在确保符 合药物临床试验规范的基础上，与中日友好医院、北京协和医 院、北京朝阳医院、中国科学院武汉病毒所等多家研究单位展 开通力合作，GCP机构办公室统筹协调，机构人员分工协作， 自2020年1月6日起，开始了寻找治疗新冠肺炎有效治疗药 物的临床研究攻关。<br /> 2020年1月9日，首个新冠肺炎项目“克力芝”进行伦理 上会审批,经过几例预试验后，1月17号正式入组。截至2月2日， 该项目入组新冠肺炎患者202例，入组速度相较于平时提升了 80%0<br /> <br /> At the beginning of 2020, as the number of similar patients admitted to the hospital was increasing day by day, and no effective drug treatment had been found clinically, helping the clinic find specific drugs had become a top priority.<br /> Through research and guidance from similar institutions, they found that lopinavir/ritonavir and interferon-a2b, Remdesivir, may be effective against new coronavirus monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies. In addition, urgent clinical trials are needed to verify the effectiveness of these drugs for treatment of COVID-19. In the following days, they raced against time. On the basis of ensuring compliance with drug clinical trial specifications, they cooperated with China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and other research units. GCP Institutional Office is coordinating overall, and the personnel of the institution work together in the division of labor. Since January 6, 2020, the clinical research to find effective drugs for the treatment of new coronary pneumonia has begun. On January 9, 2020, the first COVID-19 project, Kalitra, was approved by the ethics committee. After several pre-tests, it was formally subscribed on January 17th. As of February 2nd, the project has admitted 202 patients with new coronary pneumonia, and enrollment is 80% above the normal rate.<br /> <br /> ---------end----------<br /> <br /> 2020年1月24日，国家科技部下达应急攻关专项，金银 潭医院作为牵头单位承担“重症患者救治及诊疗方案优化项目”。<br /> <br /> 金银潭医院GCP机构员工正在硏讨<br />  <br /> <br /> 金银潭医院GCP机构参加武汉市传染病医院医学伦理委员会2020年度第一 次伦理审查会议。<br /> <br /> 当日，金银潭医院内紧急召开“重症患者救治及诊疗方案优化 项目临床科技攻关小组成立暨项目启动会”。1月29日，科技 部应急攻关项目工作会暨项目启动会召开，并快速确定第一批 的8个项目，以尽快确定临床治疗方案。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 2020年2月5日下午，深受人们期望的“Remdesivir” 瑞德西韦临床研究项目启动会在金银潭医院召开，开启了新一 轮的“特效药” ID期临床试验验证过程。<br /> 身处防疫一线核心的金银潭，摆在该院临床试验机构面前 最大的困难是：如何在避免交叉感染的情况下，既要确保伦理 时效性，又要保证项目审查质量。经过多方协调，他们最终通 过院外专家远程微信视频+院内专家现场会议的新型形式解读 <br /> <br /> 瑞德西韦临床研究项目启动会在金银潭医院召开<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 特殊时期应急情况。短短1个多月，他们共召开了4次伦理会 议审查，其中新冠肺炎应急攻关项目会议审查14项。快审3项， 备案3项。<br /> 身兼多职，全员参与保进度<br /> GCP机构在全力配合用于治疗新冠肺炎的临床应急试验的 同时，除了认真对待邮箱中每一个新冠肺炎项目咨询和解释相 关要求外,在疫情特殊背景下,部分之前由院外人员承担的责任, 也落到了 GCP机构的肩上。<br /> 他们需要兼任CRO组织管理项目，查阅文献，审阅、撰写 方案，制定项目专属SOP,为项目顺利启动做充足准备。<br /> 他们需要去病区，或作为PM统筹协调其他资源保障项目 顺利如期展开，或作为质控员保障研究者按规范进行试验，或 作为CRA监控试验实施详细过程，或作为CRC协助研究者顺 利开展项目……<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 他们需要筛选符合入组条件的病例。每天从上千份病例中 逐一筛选，挑选符合入组条件的病例，有任何遗漏，就可能造 成某位患者错失早日接受治疗的机会。<br /> 他们需要根据患者知情入组的时间，配合临床，完成受试 者随机分配，并跟踪直至给药完成。给药完成的时间，或是白天, 或是黑夜，甚至是凌晨，他们从不说苦，因为这就是责任。<br /> 他们需要录入试验原始数据。入组试验重要，但数据分析 却更为重要，有效的结果能促进临床的规模使用，无效的结果 能及时纠正研究方向，避免资源浪费。<br /> 获得试验数据后，他们又立刻将数据录入电脑，争分夺秒。 在他们的信念中：只要早一秒录完，就能早一秒进行数据统计 分析，药效就能早一秒知晓。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 治病救人是医生护士的责任，而尽快获取第一手的试验结 果，就是GCP机构的使命。他们精细划分每一项工作，分配好 任务，及时跟踪反馈，确保所有工作能尽快有效落地。<br /> 快速响应，I期病房在行动<br /> 2020年1月，I期临床试验研究室除了照常完成已经启动 入组的BE临床试验，还要协助其他病区防控疫情。<br /> 为确保受试者健康安全，同时最大限度增加医院床位，武 汉市唯一的定点传染病医院的掌舵人、兼任I期临床试验研究 室负责人的张定宇再一次做出决定：立刻暂停其他与疫情防控 无关的药物I期<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 临床试验项目入组，已经入组的项目快速结束， 腾出I期临床试验用病房，用以收治新冠肺炎患者。<br /> 接到指令后，GCP机构办主任龚凤云动员I期病房的所有 医生、护士立即行动起来，仅仅用了两天就完成了病房的升级 改造，随时待命。1月27日，I期病房开始收治第一例新冠肺 炎患者。<br /> 舍小“家”为大“家”，把爱传递<br /> GCP机构办公室主任刘颖以院为家，坚守前线统筹协调， 咨询和立项的每一个方案都是经由她手，自12月29日起至<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 金银潭GCP机构同事合影<br /> 今未休息一天。每天连轴转，下班时间从未早于晚8点，深夜 十一二点下班也是常态，每天只能抽空与未满4岁的女儿视频 连线……<br /> GCP机构的质控管理员阮姝楠，1月8号才做了肝脏囊肿 手术，出院刚满一周，1月16号就重返工作岗位。伦理、机构 的事情都少不了她，有一次，工作劳累之后，阮姝楠上腹部疼 痛难忍，只好下午回家休息了半天，但第二天就重返岗位。她 说：“我们GCPX作正接受前所未有的挑战，这种时候我不能 缺席！ “<br /> 同事们心疼她，也只能尽量不让她干体力活。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 自疫情防控战在金银潭医院率先打响以来，金银潭医院 GCP机构人员积极响应院号召，取消周末双休，很早就与家人 沟通，退了回家的车票，取消与家人团聚的机会，投身于防疫 工作。<br /> 他们已经连续战斗了 50余天，有时也会互相吐槽：真累啊， 好想睡一大觉。但看着确诊病例不断增长，他们心急如焚，这 不仅仅是数字，而是一个个如你如我如他的生命，一个个身边 的同胞。<br /> 每想及此，他们又充满了斗志。他们相信：在全国人民的 支援下，湖北、武汉一定能战胜这场疫情；他们相信：经过这 场防疫战后的GCP机构，将会为守护人民健康积累丰厚的经验。 <br /> 医院检验科的坚守<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 疫情开始的初期，对于病原的性质、毒力、传播等各种信 息均不明确，导致很多员工在思想上焦虑，不安全感很严重。 医院检验科党支部第一时间召开党员大会，号召全体党员在这 个关键时刻出列，每个党员要在工作中成为一面红色的旗帜， 在思想上成为一根定海神针。<br /> 检验科的管理团队根据专业的生物安全管理，迅即制定了 更为严格的通道管理，提高了防护级别，调整检测流程适应高 危样本的防护，持续性地开展防护服的规范穿脱程序的培训和 检测环节的生物安全培训，严查细节，筑起保护工作人员和工 作环境的一道防护墙。<br /> 检验科党支部的党员、干部、普通员工从这场战“疫”开始, 就站在了队伍的前列，科主任们把科室管理和员工的安全放在 首位；风险高、任务重的岗位，党员先上。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 检验科主任项杰从疫情开始就一直奋战在第一线，一直没 回家。妻子生病不能照顾，两个孩子见不到父亲，自己身体撑 不住也依然坚持工作。<br /> 检验科吴志强，夫妻两人都是检验科职工，疫情来临，为 了工作，无法照料家里近90岁的老父亲，只好送到养老院。一 个多月过去了，老人想儿女想回家，吴志强一次次在电话中安 慰老人，挂了电话，自己却难过得直掉泪。<br /> 每天要忙到晚上10点多，整理大量的患者信息和核酸检测 数据匹配，以保证及时准确地上传给省、市防疫指挥部；平日 还要把关领回的防护用品是否适用于实验室的防护级别；对讲 机时刻在手边，协调防护区内外的沟通……这是检验科刘婷的 工作日常。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 马峻本来到了不上夜班的年龄，因为科室根据安全考虑， 接二连三有需要隔离观察的同事暂时离岗，马峻主动成为了 “顶 班专业户”。<br /> “我考虑了，我相信ICU的同志会照顾好我公公，孩子 我送到她姑姑家，就算是刘伟（方国妍爱人）在一线，我也不 退二线，我要回来上班”，这是检验科方国妍度过隔离期后的 决定。<br /> 每一个岗位，都有他们坚守和奋斗的身影。 <br /> 金 银潭抗 疫纪事<br /> <br /> ==Part 9==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 第四章<br /> “小人物”的“大故事”<br /> 如果说金银潭医院是与疫魔激烈交锋的战 区，那么金银潭医院的所有医护人员和员工都 是无畏的英雄战士。<br /> 然而，医院之夕卜，他们也只是一群普通的“小 人物”，有各自的小家需要去操持。面对肆虐 的病毒，他们顾全大局、參力力同心，沉着应对、 主动作为，用最质朴的坚守、最无私的奉献打 响了这场生命至上的保卫战，演绎出一个个感 人的“大故事”。 <br /> 于无声处听惊雷<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 有一种执着，在惊涛骇浪中弥足珍贵；有一种坚守，在困 难逆境中传递温暖。<br /> 在抗击新型冠状病毒的伟大斗争中，影像确诊是第一道关 口，为提供精准治疗发挥着前置性服务作用，承担着“预警机” 的角色与功能。<br /> 放射科便是医院治疗体系的“预警机”，在筛查、诊断、 病情评估、疗效评估、出院判断等方面提供重要的参考决策 依据O<br /> 拍CT、看胸片，是确诊新冠肺炎的关键环节。樊艳青是金 银潭医院医技党支部书记，也是放射科主任。从2019年12月 底以来，在金银潭医院收治新冠肺炎患者期间，她主动取消了 休假，放弃了和家人春节团聚的机会，以院为家，日夜奋战在 抗击疫情一线。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 疫情形势严峻，樊艳青广泛动员和充分发动科室全体同志 取消休假，她并没有豪情壮语，也没有硬性要求，只是简单地 一句话“共产党员和同志们，看我的，跟我上！”<br /> 朴实而坚定，简洁而有力。在党支部的坚强堡垒带领作用下， 医院放射科21名医护人员全部取消休假，其中包括5名党员。 他们一力承担起6000多人次的门诊疑似病例、新冠肺炎确诊 病例，同时还要负责1000多医护人员的筛查。<br /> 樊艳青还承担着大量的一线工作任务。每天坚持到隔离病 房为患者做床边胸片，努力克服了工作量大、防护严苛、设备 笨重、通讯不便等困难，出色完成了临床诊断要求。平均下来 她每天要诊断检查300到400人次，每个CT要看600到900 帧图像。对待每个患者，她都以高度负责的态度，不放过任何 的疑问与细节，每个患者资料要反复查看2到3遍，才撰写文 字报告。<br /> 从疫情开始至今，她的眼睛每天都是酸胀、干涩，布满了 血丝。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 作为党员，樊艳青充分地发挥了先锋模范带头作用，哪里 的任务重，她就带队冲锋到哪里。她以自己的行动和感染力， 践行了共产党员的初心和使命。正是有樊艳青这样无数牺牲小 我、奋不顾身的共产党员，在平凡岗位中默默奉献，于无声处 听惊雷，抗击疫情这场伟大斗争的曙光才能提前到来。 <br /> 军功章上有你的一半，也有我的一半<br /> “我能想到最浪漫的事，不是和你一起慢慢变老，而是一 起在烈火狂风中相互携手，抗击风暴，共同迎接黎明的到来。”<br /> 这是金银潭医院南四病区医生余婷和他的妻子——医院护 士丁娜的共同心愿。他们以自己的实际行动，在医疗战线上抒 写着爱情的动人篇章。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 医院南四病区负责着四十多名新冠肺炎患者的治疗工作， 其中有不少是重症患者。而南四区的医生总共才有四名，平均 每人每天要治疗十多个患者，救治任务是平常工作量的五倍。 而且，重症患者思想情绪波动大，病菌传染不可控风险高。<br /> 面对着这场艰巨的工作任务，余婷首先考虑的却是带动妻 子一起来投身于这场伟大的斗争中。他们一起妥善安排好家里 的事务，克服困难，第一个批次报名，第一个批次写请战书， 第一个批次站在阵地的最前线。<br /> 余婷每天坚持到病房巡查、诊断。防护装备穿戴下来，要 花费不少时间。他为了节约时间与装备，一进病房就是四五个 小时。逐床问诊，对症下药，心理辅导，加油鼓劲，不仅从药 物上治疗患者，还从心理上给重症患者以生的希望和春天般的 温暖O <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 他的妻子丁娜，也全身心地投入到病房的护理工作中去， 一丝不苟、兢兢业业，常常忙得连饭也顾不上吃。两口子一天 下来，汗水浸湿衣背，水汽弥漫面罩，手上的动作不再敏捷， 脚步不再有力，脸上被口罩压出了深深的痕迹。忙碌的背后， 余婷与丁娜两人经常一天见不上一面，只能在休息时间打个电 话互相问候、相互勉励。但他们都彼此约定，待到樱花烂漫时， 两人一起去赏花，去品尝胜利的喜悦。<br /> 因为，“军功章上有你的一半，也有我的一半！” <br /> 不能守护的家人<br /> 2020年2月3日，如同往常一样，医生王珂和护士赵欣 刚结束繁忙而紧张的抢救工作。当晚有2个患者病情危重不稳 定，他们一直忙碌于诊治，待写完抢救记录，时针已指向凌晨 3点。当晚，本不是<br /> <br /> <br /> 王珂值班，是他主动要求参与抢救危重患者。<br /> 不仅仅是这次，平素工作中他也是如此。<br /> 时间回溯至2020年的1月20 0,接到紧急通知，当晚就 要腾空病房收治新冠肺炎患者。疫情就是命令，金银潭医院结 核病科第三党支部紧急撤离一批患者,布置病房，研究实施方案, 一直忙到晚上10点，终于为收治新冠肺炎患者创造好完备的环 境条件。<br /> 作为一名党员，44岁的王珂，顾不上疲惫，积极请战，开 始收治第一批患者，到当天凌晨3点金银潭医院结核病科第三 党支部总共收治31个患者，仅王珂一人就收治了 10多个患者。<br /> 脱下防护服的那一刻，他的衣服已被汗水湿透，脸颊上也 被压出深深的褶痕。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 在接下来的工作中，他总是不顾危险，率先冲在最前面： 积极要求接管病情比较危重的患者；主动要求参加危重患者的 抢救工作；危重患者转科时，积极进病房帮忙搬运吸氧设备和 呼吸机……<br /> 只要有需要，随处都可以看到他的身影。在承担患者救治 工作之余，他还要协助完成治疗新冠肺炎的临床研究项目，利 用休息时间采集和处理住院患者的临床医疗信息，频繁下病房 去询问、了解患者病情。除去吃饭和睡觉的时间，他的生活被 安排得满满当当，全身心扑在治病救人工作上。<br /> 不幸的是，这期间他的小姨被确诊患有新冠肺炎。然而， 在疫情紧张的局面下，医院仍有许多重患需要救治，治疗项目 也亟待突破。几番思量，他选择忍痛留守在没有硝烟，却异乎 残酷的战场上，没能去看小姨一眼，只是通过电话交代了一些 注意事项。由于病情危重，他的小姨很快去世了。接到电话通 知的那一刻，这个大个头男人眼里都是泪水，他抢救了那么多 患者，唯独自己的亲人需要他守护时，却不能出现在身边……<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 仅仅过了数日，他的妹妹也被确诊，好在妹妹年轻，病情 也比较轻，他却也只能借助电话向妹妹传达问候和关心。<br /> “家是最小国，国是千万家”。多少这样平凡的白衣战士 心甘情愿舍小家为众人筑起一道抗疫的长城，只为这场疫情防 控阻击战能早日胜利，只盼彼时冬去春来，雪消冰释。 <br /> 那个蹒跚的身影<br /> 2017年8月一2018年8月赴藏对口援建工作第一批成员。<br /> 2019年2月由于临时加开北五楼病区并腾空原有北六楼结 核病区收治流感患儿，大大缓解其他科室收治压力。<br /> 2020年1月1日接管南六楼新冠肺炎病区，1月19日将南 六楼改造成为ICUo<br /> 这是陈南山近三年的工作轨迹。他的身份在临床医生、援 藏队员、病区主任之间无缝转换。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 作为金银潭医院耐药病区的科主任，他的每一个亲切的笑 脸，每一个鼓励的眼神，每一句温暖的问候语，每一个细微的 动作，对于耐药患者都是一味对症的良药。<br /> 陈南山从事医疗事业三十多年来，无论是在行政管理，还 是临床医疗的岗位上，都是兢兢业业，刻苦钻研，得到了患者 的赞誉、同事的好评。他有着良好的职业道德、严谨的工作态度、 很强的综合分析能力，非常重视诊疗过程中的心理疏通，关注 患者心理变化。<br /> 随着新冠肺炎危重症患者收治越来越多，1月19日医院 决定将南六楼从普通病房改造成为ICU,从人员分配、环境布查完房从病房里出来的陈南山。 <br /> <br /> 陈南山穿戴防护装备。（第四章图片除有特殊说明外均为武汉市金 银潭医院供图）<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 仪器设备到一张床一把椅，陈南山带领大家动了起来，一 边收治危重患者，一边改造，仅花了两天半时间把整个病区改 造成功。<br /> <br /> <br /> 他身体力行，每天不管多忙多累都坚持下病房，详细查看 每一位患者，掌握患者的病情变化，半夜突发状况比较多时他 就干脆睡在医院。<br /> 陈南山已年近六旬，高血压、痛风症常年折磨着他，同事 从他走路的样子就能看出他痛风又犯了。<br /> 数十天的坚守，他没有豪言壮语，没有遗书遗言，没有光 头明志，只有那略弯着腰、微弓着背的蹒跚身影深深印在同事 和患者的脑海中。 <br /> 哪有什么生而勇敢，<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 只是因为选择了无畏<br /> 从2019年12月底开始，医院检验科已满负荷地工作2个 多月了。检验科入职不久的“小朋友们”，有的刚当上父亲， 有的还是奶奶最疼爱的孙女，然而，只要穿上白大褂，他们瞬 间就化身为勇敢而无畏的战士。<br /> 何旭，生化组，2017年入职。<br /> 何旭每天要穿梭在三台生化仪旁，检测几百例样本、几十 个项目。<br /> 他说，刚开始，因为对这个病毒到底是什么、怎样传、毒 力怎样都未知，想着家里又有老人又有小孩，还是挺担心的。 后来随着科室的防护措施一步步提升到位，科室不断地给大家 做生物安全培训，各方面细节都涉及了，心里有底了，开始逐 渐踏实下来。<br /> 对何旭来讲，最大的动力之一，莫过于家里人的支持，他 的妻子带孩子住在岳母那里，老人把孩子照顾得很好，免了他 的后顾之忧。有时下夜班，何旭会帮家里买点菜，把冰箱塞满。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 何旭在工作中（右图左一为何旭）。<br /> <br /> “我只能做这些，不敢在家久待，所以对家人挺愧疚的。” 何旭说。<br /> 闫明哲，分子生物组，2019年入职。<br /> 闫明哲负责病毒核酸检测。1米9的小伙子，笑起来还像 个腼腆的大男孩，儿子才出生3个月。<br /> 闫明哲说，刚开始还是有点害怕的，不过“这就是我们的 责任啊，不能退”。尤其看到外省的医务人员不远千里一拨一 拨地赶来支援，看到私家车司机自发地守在医院门口接送医务 人员，他在心里想，除了加倍地做好工作，哪有理由退缩。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 这段时间以来，闫明哲最想感谢的还是自己的妻子。虽然 闫明哲父母帮着妻子一起带宝宝，可好多方面，妻子都得去适 应，“挺难为她的”。宝宝后来发湿疹，也不方便带到医院去看, 只能干着急。<br /> 有时候，闫明哲挺想回去一下，但疫情防控需要，闫明哲 只能隔着玻璃看看宝宝，“儿子现在还不会找我……”<br /> 吴煙，临检组，2019年入职。<br /> 吴哗本来准备今年结婚，疫情暴发后，头发都没时间去剪， 婚纱照就更没时间去拍了。<br /> 吴煙说，刚开始也害怕，特别是身边有熟悉的人感染，但 是科室的防护工作做得很细致，“老师和前辈们没有一个人退缩， 我也就安下心了”。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 何柳、张媛媛，微生物组，分别于2011年和2018年入职。<br /> 疫情一开始，何柳就将自己在医院附近的房子让给了科室 的两个老师居住，她说：“江老师和刘老师家里都是几代同堂， 住得又远，让她们住我家，她们的家人就少些风险。”<br /> 何柳平时话少，却贴心地为老师们备好了洗手液、洗发水。<br /> 自从科室提高防护级别后，有些风险高的项目就挪到了 P2 实验室内完成。每天张媛媛和何柳在江丽萍老师的带领下，在 P2实验室里一待就是三四个小时。张媛媛说：“科室老师们都 是这样在工作，我和她们在一起，不怕。”<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 刘梦元，临检组，2019年入职。<br /> 刘梦元说，刚开始也会害怕，后来看着科室生物安全管理 非常严格，各个环节、各个细节都注意到，一遍遍地培训，也 就不怕了。“在我们科室里，我感觉最安全。有时爸爸妈妈打 电话时，我就跟他们讲，我们怎么做防护的，让他们放心。” 刘梦元说，有时老师们从实验室出来后，一起说说话，开开玩笑, 就感觉很轻松，心里很踏实。<br /> 一副副年轻的脸庞，一个个瘦小的身躯。哪有什么生而勇敢, 只是因为选择了无畏。<br /> 在金银潭医院检验科这群90后的年轻人眼里，这次疫情是 考验，是锻炼，是个人难忘的一次成长。他们从检验科严谨的 生物安全管理措施和持续的培训中，获得了安全感；从科主任 率先垂范的行为中生发了责任感；从前辈老师们乐观、坚韧的 精神中获得了坚持下去的力量；从科室和同事们的关怀中得到 心灵上的安慰。 <br /> 累，但是值得!<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 吴婷是金银潭医院综合二楼护士。作为一名有着近七年工 作经验的一线护士，面对疫情，吴婷深知，穿上白袍，就等于 选择了责任与使命，作为医护工作者,救死扶伤是工作更是责任, 抗击疫情责无旁贷。<br /> 2019年冬季的流感暴发，吴婷所在的科室作为流感病房， 承担着小儿流感及各类感染性疾病的收治工作，每天出入量都 在50人次左右，正是这样一个无比团结、和谐的队伍在坚持， 并将继续坚持着，从未落后过，也从未放弃过。<br /> 自1月19日开始收治疑似病例以来，金银潭医院上下同心 同德，全力投入救治工作。隔离病区的医护人员更是日夜奋战 在疫情防控第一线。<br /> 1月19日，吴婷所在科室接到医院通知，清空病房，全体 搬迁至南三楼收治新冠肺炎患者，科室同事集体报名加班，做 好病房的布置工作。老病房和新病房的处理在科主任和护士长 的带领下，进行得有条不紊。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 吴婷记得，当天她上夜班就收治了 18个患者。新型冠状病 毒感染的肺炎这样一个新病种，当时对于她们来说还有点陌生， 但是大家都经过医院的严格培训，并且有禽流感救治的经验， 所以很快就进入了角色。<br /> 1月26日，又接到医院通知，科室护士全体搬迁至综合楼 二楼，大家又积极报名改造和布置病房、清洁区、潜在污染物、 污染区等等。<br /> 这些细小的工作看似简单，做起来却并不容易，但吴婷和 同事们经过科学的考虑，科室布局都符合院感（医院感染管理） 的要求，至今为止，吴婷所在的科室无一例医护人员感染。<br /> 1月26日晚上，吴婷和同事就接收了 30个新患者。接收后， 医生立即分类，护士马上报总值班。医生们按轻重缓急有条不 紊地处理患者；护士们测生命体征、吸氧、输液等等，穿梭于 患者之间。医护之间争分夺秒、配合默契，一直到次日凌晨3点， 才将所有患者处理完毕。<br /> 处理完患者，又开始处理病房，因为没有卫生员，这时护 士不仅只是护士，还是清洁工、患者的家属等等，承担着各种 角色，但大家没有一句怨言。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 从流感到肺炎，吴婷和同事几乎没有休息过，“累，但是 也很快乐，因为正做着一件很伟大的事情。”<br /> “哪有不怕的，说不怕是假的。”但是在病房里，每当看 到患者的意志力是如此之顽强，听到患者每天给大家打气，为 武汉加油，为自己加油，吴婷觉得一切都是值得的。<br /> 吴婷觉得，正如钟南山院士所说，“武汉本来就是一座很 英雄的城市，有全国、有大家的支持，武汉肯定能过关。”<br /> 一名医者的担当<br /> 中午，值班室里，大家陆陆续续吃完了午餐，郑汉丹医生 这才顶着湿漉漉的头发过来，问有没有多余的盒饭，她要带一 份给家中的孩子。<br /> 她的儿子今年上高中，自理能力不错，为什么今天要送饭 回去？<br /> 原来郑汉丹今天夜班，查完房她要把家中唯一的汽车开回 去，这样的话，晚上她爱人就可以开车送郑医生的母亲去武汉 中心医院南京路院区做透析。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 郑汉丹医生是金银潭医院的一名普通医生，一直从事传染 病的临床诊治工作。她的父母也是医疗战线工作者，父亲是金 银潭医院退休的老院长，已85岁高龄；母亲是武汉市中心医院 妇产科退休的老主任，5年前因为糖尿病、肾病开始就近在武 汉市中心医院后湖院区透析，郑汉丹需要经常过去照顾。<br /> 郑汉丹自己患有哮喘，常年使用药物控制发作，她爱人曾 俊在武汉市疾病预防控制中心工作。2003年的非典战役，郑汉 丹参加过，儿子也是那一年出生。没想到17年后，金银潭医院 作为武汉市首批收治新冠肺炎危重患者的定点医院，她又一次 投入到了新的战场上，肩上的职责丝毫未变。 <br /> 从疫情开始，他们夫妻不分昼夜，在各自的岗位上奔波忙碌， 没有多少精力顾及家庭。所幸的是刚上高一的儿子自理能力强， 做饭洗衣等驾轻就熟，因为父母特殊的工作岗位，孩子早已磨 砺出来，这段时间一直都是独自一人在家自己照顾自己。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 最让郑汉丹担心的是母亲年老体弱，透析治疗已有5年， 近期因为疫情越来越严峻，原来做透析的武汉市中心医院后湖 院区临时改为收治新冠肺炎患者，透析需换到离家较远的武汉 市中心医院南京路院区，加上母亲因脑梗造成双下肢瘫痪，每 周3次的透析无奈减至2次。<br /> 按现有情况，必须靠车辆接送才能完成透析。夫妻俩单 位——父母家——透析中心，往返奔波，为了交接唯一的交通 工具——私家车，夫妻俩人才能见个面，说几句话。为了工作， 她和医生商量，母亲的透析时间安排在晚上8时至12时，每次 透析结束，都是凌晨才能安顿好父母，次日又要投入到忙碌的 工作中。<br /> 在这场看不见硝烟的战争中，所有家庭都面临着各种困难， 经受着各种考验，但是为了人民的健康和幸福，郑汉丹和她的 同事们“舍小家，顾大家”，以医务工作者的责任和担当，义 无反顾地投入到抗击新冠肺炎的阻击战中。他们的付出，是众 志成城打赢疫情防控阻击战的坚实基础。<br /> “一点都不害怕那是假话，但也容不 得我们害怕”<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> “一点都不害怕那是假话，但也容不得我们害怕。”已经 从业13年，31岁的金银潭医院南七楼重症监护室护士马丹说。<br /> “现在是每天都要进去，排班就像车轮一样不断往前滚。” 马丹当天的排班是晚上11点到凌晨4点。她们科室总共40 多个护士，7至8个人为一个班组，每个班进去一次就是5个 小时。<br /> 马丹的老公是一名货运火车司机，疫情发生后，他也一直 坚守在岗位，调运货物。夫妻俩4岁的儿子现在特别“可怜”， 成了留守儿童，都是家里老人帮忙在带。<br /> 马丹唯一一次回家是1月30日，原因是86岁奶奶去世。 但那天她和爱人仅仅是回家看了一眼就走了，没有多逗留。疫 情笼罩之下，奶奶过世，没有几个亲人相送，没有一个花圈， 在马丹的记忆中没见过哪个老人去世时，走得这么悲凉。<br /> 马丹回忆，2019年12月29日首批转入金银潭医院的9名 不明原因肺炎患者就是进了她们科室。“当时还不清楚是什么 病毒，我当时在武汉市的其他医院进修，然后看到工作群里说， <br /> 突然转入不明肺炎患 者，我就说我要回来， 不能抛下同事。第二 天一早我就回到了工 作岗位。”<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> “一点都不害怕 那是假话，但也容不 得我们害怕。”马丹 说，她参加过禽流感、 甲流的疫情防控工作。<br /> “我觉得本来就是传 染病专科医院，如果 我们都不顶上去，那 还等谁，还能指着谁， 这是我们的专业，我 们不能退缩！”<br /> 在重症室，患者的生活起居、大小便等全部要护士来帮忙。<br /> 马丹的病房里十多个重症患者，最轻松的时候，一个护士也要 管2—3个患者。“在那里面的压力是很大的，患者都是全院最 病重的，抢救、用药都很急，我们时时刻刻都要面临可能出现 的抢救工作，节奏很快很紧张，强度很大，神经绷得很紧。”<br /> “科室护士长从疫情发生就没有回过家，天天守在病房， 她连酒店都没有回过，她要守着患者做ECMO （体外膜肺氧 合），做完了她就直接在病房休息。”马丹回忆，有一天工 作完了之后护士长流鼻血了，就捂着鼻子，搞了个氧气在那里吸氧，即使这样了也不离开岗位。护士长和女儿视频，经 常是对着手机躲在一边哭。“有了她的带动，我们才有坚持 下来的动力。”马丹说。 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 马丹所在科室在疫情中相互鼓励。<br /> <br /> “爸爸每天早上五六点的时候给我发一篇心灵鸡汤文章， 慰问一下我和同事，鼓励我。” 一直在前线坚守的马丹，最 感恩的是家里的爸爸妈妈和婆婆的支持，“特别是我爸爸， 他是一个老党员，他认为遇到这个事情，国家需要我，我能 参与是我的责任，也是我的光荣，他以我为傲，每天在微信 鼓励我。”<br /> 马丹说，她的婆婆不善言语，但让她特别安心。婆婆跟她 说：“我帮你把孩子带好，你安心在前线工作！” <br /> <br /> <br /> “每个人做好自己的事情，就是对疫情防控最大的帮助。” 马丹说，只希望自己能尽最大的能力，救治每一个患者，让疫 情快点结束。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Part 10== <br /> 不只是在疫情中才是战士<br /> 46岁的金银潭医院南四病区护士长吴静，已经从业28年。<br /> 从1月1日开始投入这场战“疫”，腾退病房，做好准备，2<br /> <br /> 是一个没有硝烟的战场！不计报<br /> ,无论生死！这八个字朴实无 华，却是每位医护人员的职业道德 和信念的写照！十多天来，我亲身 经历了这战场发生的一切，医生、 护士、医务人员冒着生命危险，穿 着厚重且不甚透气的防护服，24小 时奋战在病床一线。为了节约时间, 他们走路都是一路小跑......看着他们 一个个疲惫的样子，我心疼的流泪 To （说实话，我自己都没有为我 生这场病流泪！）我无法用语言来 表达对这些医生、护士的敬畏之 心！通过这次疫灾，我深切体会到 身为中国人是有满满的安全感、幸 福感的！感谢习主席、感谢党中央、 感谢武汉市政府、感谢金银潭医院 及南四楼的余主任和所有的护士， 让我携起手来共同努力，坚决战胜 侵袭武汉的新型冠状病毒感染的肺 炎，坚决打赢疫情防控战！加油武 活、治疗上的事全部都是护士来管。护士穿着防护服后行动会 变慢，防护服里很闷，动一下就会大喘气。<br /> 当时情况就是“今天排明天的班，后面三天四天的班就排 不下去了，非常缺人。我着急得都快哭了！”<br /> 后来人手多了些，吴静抽出时间回了趟家。<br /> “我走的时候，家里人只说让我放心，工作之余方便的时 候报个平安。”<br /> 吴静的科室护理团队里很多都是年轻的姑娘，28个护士，<br /> 90后占了 80%。“这些小丫头其实也都有各自的困难，心里也 害怕，但觉悟都很高，不用安排她们去做什么，她们已经主动 在做了。从来不叫苦，从来不讲条件。”<br /> <br /> 吴静所在科室的护士们合影，相互加油鼓劲 <br /> 初期，吴静最担心的还 是防护用品，自己都保护不 了，怎么去保护别人。<br /> “我们病区最小的护士 才22岁。让人家在这么危 险的环境工作，必须先保证 她们的安全，也能更好照顾 患者。”<br /> 吴静说，由于防护服是 连体的，没有口袋，护士巡 视输液时需要签名，笔、对 讲机等小件物品没地方放。 为了工作方便，科室护士的 爸爸妈妈亲手帮她们做了<br /> “爱心腰包”，吴静还在上 面画上了笑脸，鼓励患者和 医护人员都要乐观面对。<br /> 在吴静眼里，没有觉得自己是个战士，就是做好本职工作, “不管什么样的患者我们都要救助，不只是在疫情中才是战士, 平时的工作做好也是战士。” <br /> 宁愿穿纸尿裤干活，<br /> 也不愿离岗的大男人<br /> 金银潭医院工程部维修班副班长肖剑池怎么也想不到，46 岁身强体壮的自己，也会有穿上成人纸尿裤的一天。<br /> 但即便如此，他也从没想过退下抗疫一线，“病房里的事 情要做啊，班长由于密切接触新冠肺炎患者被隔离,我是个党员， 事事更要带头做！”<br /> 抗疫前线，肖剑池不愿缺席，哪怕突发痔疮，给工作和生 活带来了各种不便。<br /> 2月12日，刚刚从医院综合4病区和5病区装完紫外线消 毒灯回来的肖剑池接到电话：“北七病区15床跳闸，麻烦来看 看。”来不及喝口水，他就和同事一起赶往北七病区。考虑到 防护物资紧缺和维修难度，他让同事先在清洁区等候，自己穿 好防护服进了病房。首先接上临时电源，保障医疗设备用电， 再查找原因，近1米8身高的他，蹲在这里看看，趴在那里瞧瞧， 终于在患者床下发现了原因，“重症患者小便失禁，尿液把设 备的电源插座打湿烧坏了。”<br /> 处理完故障回到科室后，肖剑池疼得身上直冒冷汗，他换 下工作服后径直去了厕所,这才发现内衣全部被血水打湿。原来, 长时间的蹲姿诱发了痔疮。<br /> “怎么办？班长还没有结束隔离，这种特殊时期我肯定不 能下火线！”他突然想到前段时间有爱心企业捐赠了成人纸尿 裤，“我们要进病房工作，时间长了，穿个纸尿裤方便些。” 于是他找护士要了一包，由于拿着一包纸尿裤回去，“目标” 太明显，他只拿了一个，偷偷去厕所穿上，然后又去开了点痔 疮膏。<br /> 后来，肖剑池想着纸尿裤穿着方便，但在男厕所里太过显眼, 他就用卫生纸代替了纸尿裤。每次需要更换卫生纸了，他边揪 卫生纸边跟同事说拉肚子，就这样偷偷换了3天的卫生纸。突 然有一天，同事发现哪怕再辛苦再累，肖剑池回来后也不坐着， 经多次询问，无奈之下，他“坦白” 了，因为疼痛，一旦坐下来, 起身很困难，必须扶着凳子才能起身，所以他宁愿站着。<br /> 为保证后勤保障工作有条不紊，肖剑池主动顶替被隔离的 班长上夜班。最长时间，他连续值了 2个夜班，工作超过48个 小时，“虽然疼得火辣辣，但是问心无愧。”肖剑池说。 <br /> 背后的她<br /> 优秀的共产党员，唯有在生动艰苦的工作实践中，方能显 现出身上可贵的品质。作为金银潭医院财务科党支部书记、审 计科长，李斌迅速地调整心态，投入到这场史无前例的抗击疫 情的伟大斗争中。<br /> 这次疫情金银潭医院承担着新冠肺炎重症、危重症患者救 治的任务，病毒传染风险一度令人谈之色变。入院患者没有家 属陪护，生活自理能力差，需要医院提供全方位的生活保障 服务。<br /> 李斌直面疫情，有序应对，在领导的布置下，主动承担起 每天三餐给患者送饭到传递窗口，为病区运送消毒药品、办公 物资等任务。病区内的医生与护士均为最高等级防护，每次送 饭、送物资前，她都缜密地多方协调，科学有序做好隔离消毒 和防护等各个环节，严格把关后勤保障供应的质量，在约定时 间给患者提供营养可口、舒适温暖的后勤保障服务。李斌知道， 患者营养有了保证，治疗效果才能确保。<br /> 医院行政管理人员一般都没有经过系统的医护专业培训， 没有烈性传染环境中自我防护的专业技能与设备，普遍会产生 一定的心理恐慌与畏惧情绪。李斌及时发现了这些情绪与苗头， 她没有死板的说教，也没有严苛的命令，而是将自己的心得体会、 成功做法、防护经验毫无保留地与大家分享，以自身的实际行 动带动大家，发动大家正确认识病疫，普及科学防护的常识与 要点，增强大家的信心。 <br /> 小小身体里的巨大能量<br /> 李向蓉，是南一楼的一名普通护士。她爱笑，似乎没有什 么事在她那里是过不去的，无论多忙，多累，同事们总是可以 看见她欢快的小身影，快乐的小步伐。<br /> 疫情袭来，李向蓉冷静地安排了自己的家人，把婆婆和两 岁三个月的儿子送回了老家，同时叮嘱好老公每一件注意事项， 然后默默地收拾好了自己的行李，上了战场。家人们都很支持 她的决定，同为党员的公公跟她说：“作为一个党员，在这个 时候你一定要起到带头作用,冲在最前面！家里的一切你放心, 保护好自己，才能更好地为人民服务！”婆婆也是跟她立下了 “军令状”：“你安心去战斗，等你凯旋归来，我保证你儿子 又长胖了好几斤！”<br /> 厚厚的防护服，层层的口罩与隔离衣，每天都汗如雨下， 连说话都困难，走快一点都觉得喘不上气，可是她从没有说一 句累，没有丝毫的退缩之意，依然“健步如飞”。<br /> 只要患者有需要，她总是用最快的速度来到他们面前解 决所有的问题。喂饭、翻身、倒便盆尿壶等等，所有的脏活 累活她从不挑剔，像对待自己的亲人一样，每一件事都尽心 尽力。遇到不想吃饭的患者，她总是耐心地劝他们，一口一 口地哄他们吃，患者们都说自己的亲孙女都不见得有她那么 仔细照顾人。<br /> 遇到一些不听话、不配合治疗的患者，她气急了也会“凶”， 生气地跟他们说“再这样我就不管你们了！”可是当真的有事 时，她还是狠不下心，说不管的是她，冲在最前面的也是她。<br /> 李向蓉每天都充满了正能量，用同事的话说，像“打了鸡血” 一样，像个铁人，什么都打不倒她。<br /> 有一天，李向蓉接到了家里打来的电话。挂了电话，她飞 快地跑到一个角落，号啕大哭。等她情绪稳定了一点后，同事 们才知道，原来她的儿子已经生病好几天了，高烧不退，不吃 不喝，家里人怕她担心，没敢告诉她，后来实在是瞒不住，孩 子情况越来越不好，家里人也不知道该怎么办了，才给她打的 电话。<br /> 领导说放她几天假，让她回去看看孩子，她没有拒绝。可 到了下午，她又找到领导，说不回去了，“孩子有家里人照顾， 这里更需要我！”所幸，几天后，孩子恢复了健康。笑容又回 到了李向蓉的脸上。 <br /> 新冠肺炎疫情下的耐药之战<br /> 2019年12月29日，武汉市金银潭医院打响了抗击新冠肺 炎病毒的第一枪，随之所有病房清空，举全院之力收治新冠肺 炎重症、危重症患者，800余名医务人员进入战疫一线，作为 湖北省耐药定点医院、耐药定点培训基地，医院耐药结核病区 也在2020年1月21日进入了一场新的战斗。<br /> 全市封城，交通不便，门诊有限，就诊困难，有些疾病可 以等，但耐药结核病患者等不了。耐药患者一旦停药，就会导 致情况更加恶化，治疗方案更加复杂，诱发并发症，进而使整 个“耐药之战”功亏一簧，严重时甚至危及生命。<br /> 为了让耐药结核病患者不停药，保证疗程，减少新冠肺炎 对疾病的影响，金银潭医院耐药病区医生周勇、护士长贾春敏 带领咨询员在保证新冠肺炎患者的救治工作的前提下，利用休 息时间，提供24小时线上问诊、心理疏导、信息登记、快递药 品等志愿服务，累计服务患者350余人，快递药品近100份。<br /> 询问、记录、安抚，根据患者需求，医护人员首先登记好 患者的姓名、年龄、手机号、收货地址等信息，交由周勇进行 完善。随后，贾春敏拿着信息统一去挂号、开处方、缴费、拿药， 取出药物后按要求分类消毒打包，再一个个写上名字，之后寄 <br /> 给患者。<br /> 因为封城，出行成了大难题，患者进不来，药品也出不去， 为了能让这些沉甸甸的希望送到患者手上，志愿服务队的队员 们利用下班时间去联系快递公司。一家不送，再找一家。一处 碰壁，再碰~处。<br /> 一次，护士谢家强好不容易寄出的快递，由于封城被扣在 快递公司，身高不到1米6、刚下夜班的她担心药品丢失，在 寒风中骑行7公里，历时一个半小时，终于把药取回，并经过 多家辗转，最终寄出了这些药物。<br /> 志愿服务队的队员最终也感动了快递师傅，主动来院取药、 寄药。<br /> 抗击新冠肺炎的战“疫”还未结束，这场耐药之战仍在继续。 <br /> 一名护士长的抗疫实录<br /> 我是武汉市金银潭医院南二病区护士长胡徐娟，从“武汉 不明原因肺炎” 2019年12月29日流传以来，至元宵节，整整 41天，我和我的很多战友没有休息。<br /> 我们真的很累，但是身处一线，如果不继续奋战，那我们 的意义又是什么？<br /> 连续在一线作战，持续的高强度高负荷工作让我们医护人 员喘不过气，但看着躺在床上的患者那渴望被治好的眼神，我 们一次又一次给自己打气，继续站在危险的第一线。<br /> 今天的我，回头再看，从那天起，我们其实已经走进了一 场全球瞩目的巨大疫情之中。谁也没曾想到25天后的1月23 日武汉封城，紧随着湖北省内13个城市逐步停掉公共交通，进 而全国各个城市卷入其中。<br /> 从12月底到1月初的那一周里，医院收治类似的患者越来 越多，由于病情性质的特殊，重症患者较多，对于医护人员的 防护级别和病房的要求越来越高。我们不断地新开病房，由于 时间紧，对病房的要求高，一天的时间我们就得把一个普通病 房改造成类似ICU模式的重症病房，其间辛苦，难以言表。<br /> 没有具体的时间，我们就已经走在了疫情抗战的第一线。<br /> 谁也没曾想到，会持续至今，且形势愈演愈烈。<br /> 面对不断增加的患者，人员不足开始显现。1月11 EJ ,医 院发布通知，即日起取消休息，全员上班，但是在不断转院进 来的患者面前，我们开始了连轴转的状态，上完白班跟着上中班， 上完中班继续上夜班。<br /> 1月的武汉进入到一年最冷的时节，而我们在密不透风的 防护服里，衣服从未干过，患者身边各种监护仪器此起彼伏的 报警声让我们无暇顾及额头的汗水，当走出病房脱下防护服， 全身衣物早已被汗水浸透。<br /> 在连续作战的日子里，我们负伤却依旧前行，我们不敢倒 下，因为面前还有更多需要我们去救助的人，我们肩上挑着责任， 背负着使命，我们要为武汉加油！<br /> <br /> 金银潭医护人员脱下防护服后，全身衣物早已被汗水浸透 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 医护人员脸上被勒出深深的印痕。 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 每一次诳病房前，医护人员都会测重体温和血氧饱和度.然后认真地记录下来<br /> 医护人员在病房合影鼓劲一<br /> 两伯医护人员在迸病房前相互整理防护报.<br /> 这是医护人员繁重工作的一个“小角落<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 金银潭医院迎来来自祖国四面八方的医疗队的支援。<br /> <br /> 在疫情愈发严重后，武汉受到了全国的关注，而作为重中 之重的武汉金银潭医院，我们得到了四面八方的支援。有本市的、 上海的、福建的、吉林的、重庆的。我们的护理团队从十几人 变成20多人。这一刻我们看到了国家的力量。<br /> 尽管来了多方支援，可是在面对科室30多个患者，近20 个危重患者，经常一个患者就得两个人操作时，我们20来人的 护理团队仍然有点力不从心。<br /> 由于此次疫情在春节期间，加上后来多方的宣传，疫情也 得到了全民的重视，在防护层面来说是好事，然而也为医院带 来了一些困扰，比如医院的保洁和保安陆续走了，甚至连食堂 的阿姨也走了。 <br /> <br /> <br /> 从四面八方，从全国各地，温暖源源不断<br /> 吃的、喝的、用的、穿的，凡是能想到的，爰心人士<br /> 都想方设法送到金银潭医院医护人员手上。<br /> <br /> 位叔叔和阿姨留 了下来，和我们 一起战斗，她们 体谅我们的辛苦, 我们也感恩他们 的付出。<br /> 了保障我们的生活，医院行政的领导们每天在楼下为我们派饭， 运送防护物资。我见过党委书记来病房清理垃圾，见过院长会 没开完就哭了，见过院办、党办主任每天帮着送物资，见过工 会主席每天给患者送饭，我还见到了我的同事们因为压力太大 而哭泣 <br /> 爱，一直都在。此时的我们知道，我们不是独自战斗，全 国人民的心和我们在一起。<br /> <br /> ==Part 11== <br /> 金银潭白衣战士群像 <br /> <br /> 乐观、坚强的金银潭医护人员。 <br /> <br /> 这群可爱的白衣天使，远比我们想象的能干，修厕所、修灯管，都不在话下 <br /> <br /> 乐观、坚强的金银潭医护人员。 <br /> 金银潭抗疫纪事<br /> <br /> 第五章<br /> 并肩战斗<br /> 新冠肺炎疫情肆虐，武汉市金银潭医院作 为湖北省、武汉市突发公共卫生事件医疗救治 定点医院，第一时间冲在最前沿。全体医务人 员毫不畏惧，超负荷坚守岗位，迎难而上，逆 风而行。<br /> 一方有难，八方支援，在疫情防控的严峻 形势下，各地医疗队紧急驰援。战“疫”的战 场上，他们与金银潭医院的医护人员并肩作战， 使得新冠肺炎患者的诊疗质量得到大大提升， 挽救了 一条条生命。 <br /> 我们要更加坚定要竭尽所能<br /> 位重症医学医师的“武汉六日记”<br /> 时时面对夕匕亡，每次都要尽最大努力！从诞生之日起，重 症医学就与抢救生命密不可分。作为奉命驰援武汉诸多重症医 学医师中的一位，首都医科大学宣武医院重症医学科主任姜利 1月26日清晨抵达武汉后即进入这次疫情的“暴风眼”——武 汉市金银潭医院，坚守至今。<br /> 连日来，这位从事危重病医学临床工作27年、参与救治危 重症患者数千例、在急性呼吸窘迫综合征等方面积累了丰富临 床经验的重症医学医师坚守一线，也坚持写下了 “武汉日记”。<br /> 第一天1月26日<br /> 到达武汉市金银潭医院：一个一个地梳理患者<br /> 一夜火车，早晨7:48到达武昌火车站。费了些周折联系到 接站人员，到达驻地武汉会议中心，路上几乎没有车辆和行人。 安顿好后，和东南大学附属中大医院党委副书记邱海波、首都 医科大学附属北京朝阳医院副院长童朝晖、北京协和医院重症 医学科（ICU ）主任杜斌，以及几位各地来的ICU医生一起到 达武汉市金银潭医院。我和杜斌教授今天去的南六病区，是由 普通病房改造的ICU病房。部分患者病情危重，还有一些是不 稳定的。病区的工作人员来自不同地区、不同医院，专业背景 各异，大家认真把管床方式与流程进行了梳理，重新分工，接 下来就是一个一个地梳理患者。在穿好防护服进入病区后，人 就不能轻易出来，里面的一片纸也不能带出来，和非传染病房 的工作方式有很大不同。大半天时间就这样过去了，对要处理 的患者也有了初步印象。<br /> 第二天1月27日<br /> 内外配合逐渐开始默契<br /> 病房早交班是7：55O驻地离医院大概十来公里，所以一早 赶过去。南方天气阴冷。昨夜有患者去世，心中涌上来的悲伤， 让我们更加坚定要竭尽所能。今天开始早晚双查房制，为夜班 排除隐患，减少可以避免的抢救。我们管理的9名患者中，5 名重症、3名危重，低氧程度远较普通肺炎严重。ICU医生多 花时间在床旁，而金银潭医院的医生帮助完成开医嘱和记病程 的工作，内外配合逐渐开始默契。又把整理好的一部分工作流 程贴在病区和治疗室的墙上，让大家执行时简单易行。<br /> 第三天1月28日<br /> 个子不高的男护士：像病房里的一个“稳压器”<br /> 依旧是在阴冽的清晨到达医院。今天我们组有两个“大 活”，一名肾衰患者要做血液净化，另外一名则要进行最危险 的操作一一气管插管。看完患者后，几位医生兵分两路，分别 去处理血液净化和气管插管。有了前几次的经验，我们提前把 需要的药品事先准备好。不料喉镜又出了问题，在等待新喉镜 的过程中，一位个子不高的男护士引起我的注意，他手法娴熟， 一个多余的动作都没有，活干得让人看着极其舒服，操作的同 时还不停地安慰一旁新来的护士和屋子里焦虑的患者，像病房 里的一个“稳压器”。喉镜和负压吸引装置终于来了。管床的 小伙子义无反顾地戴上防护头套，像个勇士一样完成了危险的 操作，淡然镇静。<br /> 午饭时，发现医院宣教中心的老师给我做了个小视频，被 学生发到网上。从下午到晚上,涌来了雪片般的问候，家人、朋友、 同学、同事，认识的、不认识的……心中暖暖的。<br /> 第四天1月29日<br /> 作为同行，这时候能做的唯有鼓励<br /> 早晨一过去，得知夜间又有一名患者去世，多少有些沮丧。 然而，宝贵时间更要留给活着的人。穿防护服时又被告知，防 护用品很紧张，进去一次一定要多完成一些工作。但是，ICU 患者的病情瞬息万变，在外面中心台看着像过山车一样的生命 体征，恨不得马上到床旁看看究竟发生了什么。然而，现实不 允许这么做，只有一遍一遍拿着对讲机，和里面的护士们反复 沟通，想办法找到原因并纠正。<br /> 下午得到通知，去另外一家医院会诊及看望一名医生，才 40岁，他因为病情加重，又和夫人双双染病，很是焦虑。我们 看了他的病历资料和肺部CT,心里不免又一沉。好在视频通话 时，他居然可以连续说话，不太费劲。作为同行，这时候能做 的唯有鼓励。而作为外科医生，40岁正是干事的年龄，希望这 把“手术刀”能够保有锐利。<br /> 第五天1月30日<br /> 每个人的防护服上都写着名字和“加油”<br /> 刚踏进病区门，就被护士长拉住，说有个小护士喘得不 行，让我过去看看。脸上还是外科口罩，就麻烦护士长拿了个 N95,我走进护士值班室。1991年出生的小姑娘一边喘一边哭， 还在打电话，情绪很激动。我先摸了摸，不烧，心里大概有点 数了。算算这姑娘比我女儿只大几岁，能够想象她所承受的压 力和恐惧。跟护士长商量后，安排这姑娘休息，查个咽拭子再 扫个CT,都是阴性，就踏实了。<br /> 因为插管上机的患者多了，进病房前和护士长达成共识， 加强气道管理和其他重症常规护理。进病房后，又看到了一些 新面孔，每个人的防护服上都写着名字和“加油”，都是各地 来支援的ICU护士，日间的工作流程明显顺畅了许多。中午， 几个情况不太好的患者都逐渐趋于稳定，连日阴天后太阳出来 T,大家都心情大好。而好事成双的时候就更令人鼓舞。我们 拿到了 一箱可视喉镜和一次性叶片，使得这项高危操作的时间 得以缩短。<br /> 临下班前得知，90后姑娘没发烧，肺部CT也没问题。希 望姑娘能顺利回家。<br /> 第六天1月31日<br /> 昨天所有的患者都还在<br /> 昨天下午到晚上，一共转进来3名患者，都是一进门就气 <br /> 管插管和复苏。值班的周医生来自湖北荆门，年纪不小了，很 担心这一夜的工作会让他吃不消。他见到我后很“得意”地说， 昨天所有的患者都还在，这是几天来的第一次呢。外科出身的 周医生活干得漂亮，昨天给一个下肢皮肤切开减压的患者换药， 好好地露了一手。查完房出来已近中午。吃完饭走到院外，阳 光洒到身上暖洋洋的，很难得。<br /> 回来不久，一位老年患者病情突然恶化，冲进去穿衣服时 护士告诉我，别穿黄色的，不透气，还帮助我完美地完成防护， 心里很是感动，在床旁协助我的医生完成气管插管和深静脉置 管，镇静镇痛。出来后看到几位大教授在等我，赶紧和夜班医 生做了交接。临走时，护士长给了一件社会捐助的崭新羽绒服， 终于可以回去把我的脏衣服洗洗了。<br /> “重症医学的专业使命，决定了我们必将成为此次阻击新 型冠状病毒感染的肺炎流行战役中的重症患者生命救治的主力 军”，1月29日，中华医学会重症医学分会、中国医师协会重 症医学医师分会、中国病理生理学会危重病医学专业委员会共 同发布《齐心协力，拯救生命，打赢新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎 阻击战——致全国重症医学专业同道倡议书》，作为中国病理 生理学会危重病医学专业委员会秘书长，姜利和另外10多位在 武汉一线参加救治工作的委员一起，在倡议书中提出“凡为医者, 侠之大者，奉命于病难之间，受任于疫虐之际。国有难，招必归， 战必胜”，希望全国奔赴一线的重症医学专业医护人员，要坚 决打赢疫情防控的阻击战。<br /> （新华社北京2月2日电 记者李斌、侠克、林苗苗）<br /> 战“疫”前线的医生心声:<br /> 前线保住了，后方才安全<br /> 口罩、帽子、防护面罩、鞋套等全副武装，戴上双层手套…… 穿戴完毕，在金银潭医院参与救治的东南大学附属中大医院重 症医学科副主任医师潘纯，开始了新一天的工作。<br /> 潘纯和援助湖北医疗队的医生们，负责金银潭医院五楼病 区重症患者的救治指导等工作。病区有5位患者，每天都需要 医护人员帮助翻身。算起来，一天要翻很多次。穿着包裹严密 的防护服给患者翻身，医护人员的工作量要比往常大很多。“每 次给患者翻身都需要5个医生一起，遇到体重较重的患者，就 更费劲了。”潘纯说。<br /> 在隔离病房里，常常一待就是三四个小时，每次出来时， 汗水都湿透衣背。潘纯说：“还好现在是冬天，如果夏天穿着 防护服待这么长时间，人肯定会更难受。”<br /> 潘纯1月24日接到要做好驰援武汉准备的消息，他没有半 点犹豫。家里人虽然有些担心，但还是给予了支持。“去吧， 穿上这身白大褂，这就是你的职责。我们等你平安归来。”父 亲对他说。 <br /> 26日13时38分，潘纯乘坐高铁奔赴抗疫第一线。到达武 汉第二天，在经过必要的培训后，立即进入工作状态。<br /> 在隔离病房查看患者情况、写医嘱，与同事讨论疑难、复 杂患者的救治方案……忙碌了一天，晚上从病区回到住的地方 后，工作仍在继续。潘纯还需要通过工作群了解每位患者情况、 指导救治。遇到紧急情况，要随时“冲”回患者病床前进行救治。 潘纯所在的病区有13位医生、19名护士，和他一样，每个人 每天都是“超长待机”工作。<br /> 面对的全都是重症患者，经常与感染源“零距离接触”， 有没有觉得怕的时候？他说：“没有，从来没有。重症医生是 挽救患者生命的最后一道关口，就是要到最危险的地方去。从 接到任务的那一刻起，就做好了准备,竭尽全力救治每一位患者。 只有战’疫’前线保住了，后方才安全。”<br /> 回到住处，有空时，潘纯也会给家人报个平安，但他很少 说起前方可能遇到的各种风险。来自7岁儿子的鼓励，总让他 觉得动力满满——“爸爸，加油！早点回来！”<br /> （新华社武汉2020年1月31日电 记者邱冰清、梁建强） <br /> “等疫情结束后，我娶你”<br /> 对1992年出生的朱瑞而言，今年的情人节有了别样意义。<br /> 2020年2月14日零点，在金银潭医院值夜班的他突发奇 想，用笔在白色的防护服上写上几个大字“邵媚铃：等疫情结 束后，我娶你”，旁边还画上了一个爱心。<br /> 邵媚铃是朱瑞的女友，两人同为护士，六年前相识。朱瑞说, 今年过年原本打算上女友家中“提亲”，不料被疫情耽搁。<br /> 朱瑞的表白，不仅传到了千里之外屏幕的另一端，也 触动了网友的泪腺。当晚，他发在朋友圈的图片，在微博 上“红” 了。<br /> “海有舟可渡，山有路可行，所爱隔山海，山海皆可平。” 有网友评论。<br /> 私人告白突然被“昭告天下”，邵媚铃感动之余，还是提醒他， “把心思更多放在工作上。”<br /> 事实上，在武汉的日子并不轻松。这个春节，朱瑞已在 福州市第一医院重症医学科值班到了大年初二。当天，组建 支援武汉医疗队信息传来，他回家简单收拾了下行李，就随 队出发。<br /> 如今的他，每天大部分时间在红区（污染区）负责为患者 挂瓶抽血检查等，鲜有空闲，“每天确诊的患者还比较多，虽 说每天也有患者出院，但还不能掉以轻心。”<br /> 在武汉，医务人员的生物钟完全跟着排班走，睡觉时间也 不定期，连日的夜班让他有些疲惫。<br /> 他说，眼下最大的愿望就是“好好睡上一觉”。<br /> （节选自《“不会期望明天就会好，但相信最终一定是好 的”——与三位90后白衣战士的对话》，新华社福州2020年2 月19日电 记者孟昭丽、陈弘毅、吴剑锋） <br /> “为了节约防护服同事穿上了纸尿裤”<br /> ——湖南支援武汉金银潭医院护士的一线日记<br /> “今天，我看到了用尽全身力气呼吸的感染患者渴望的眼 神，这一刻感觉自己能为他们恢复健康献出力量，觉得能来到 武汉救治是非常正确的选择 ”这是中南大学湘雅二医院血 液净化中心护士李婉贞的一线日记。<br /> 近日，在国家卫健委统一调度下，中南大学湘雅二医院一 支由5名血液净化护士组成的国家医疗队驰援武汉，5名护士 分别是侯亦平、黄艳清、李婉贞、钟晓平、刘亮，她们平均年 龄28岁，是医院的中坚力量。<br /> 1月27日下午，李婉贞和同事进驻金银潭医院重症监护室 支援，她们的主要工作是为患者提供连续性肾脏替代治疗。李 婉贞说：“为了节约防护服，我们在穿上防护服之前都要上厕 所，并且少喝水，有的同事干脆穿上了成人纸尿裤再穿防护服， 这样可以减少浪费。防护服一旦脱下来就不能再用了，少上一 次厕所，就能节约一套，所有这一切只有一个目的——减少短 缺的防护资源损耗。”<br /> 李婉贞在日记中写道：“我们被分配到医院的各科重症 监护室，我的工作地点是在一个由病房改成的临时重症监护 室，负责护理一些重症患者，能为他们做一些事情，我觉得 很有意义。”<br /> 湘雅二医院医疗队队长侯亦平说：“驰援武汉是一份责任， 我们会全力救治患者，圆满完成任务。”<br /> （新华社长沙2020年1月31日电 记者帅才）<br /> <br /> ==Part 12== <br /> 这件白大褂其实很沉<br /> “对于未知疾病的恐惧，人人都会有，医护人员脱下白大 褂也是普通人。但是，一旦穿上白大褂，真的会感到一种使命感。 这件白大褂其实很沉、很有分量。”刚从救治新型冠状病毒感 染者一线返回的武汉大学人民医院护士朱庭萱说。<br /> 1月7日，正在休息的朱庭萱接到通知，医院要选派人员 前往武汉市金银潭医院，支援新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎患者的 定点收治工作。<br /> 接到通知后，朱庭萱给家里打了电话。<br /> “如果我不去，就需要派别的同事去，他们家里可能有更 多的困难。这个任务既然分配给了我，我就应该接受它。父母 从小到大都很支持我，这次也不例外。”朱庭萱说。<br /> “妈妈说过，可能我天生就是要从事医学这一行的。”朱 庭萱回忆说。小时候，别的女孩子大多喜欢玩娃娃，而朱庭萱 最喜欢拿根牙签给别人“打针”。填写高考志愿时，她选择的 所有专业都与医学有关。<br /> 简单收拾些洗漱用品和换洗衣物，朱庭萱与同事当天下午 就赶到金银潭医院报到，第二天开始参加科室值班。<br /> 在朱庭萱眼里，在金银潭医院的这段时间和在其他医院里 差不多，护士工作都是“三班倒”：打针换药、护理患者、监 测生命体征……毕业后到武汉大学人民医院，朱庭萱主动报名 担任机动护士，医院里哪个科室需要就赶到哪里。因此，这种 火线增援的任务对她来说并不陌生。<br /> 在抗击新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情战斗中，护士们在进 入隔离病房时需要穿上防护服。“我很幸运自己不是容易出汗 的体质。有的同事下班脱掉防护服，里面的护士服整个都被汗 水湿透了。”朱庭萱说。<br /> 和朱庭萱一起前往金银潭医院增援的杨宇成则没有那么幸 运。他说，工作中需要戴上两层手套和两层鞋套，防护面罩上 的雾气也常常令他的视线变得模糊。<br /> “刚开始出汗特别多，甚至有一些缺氧的感觉。最困难的 是打针，戴上手套后，对患者血管的触感不是很好，而护理工 作要求所有操作都必须精确。”杨宇成说。<br /> “除了换药，还要照顾患者的生活起居，帮重症患者大小便。 有的患者心里不舒服也会喊，碰到这种情况我们要耐心跟他们 解释，开导他们，给他们打气。”杨宇成说。<br /> 令朱庭萱最难忘的是同事间的相互鼓励。“在那里工作的 同事很多都跟我一样是’90后’。由于穿上防护服后只能看到 眼睛，可能连对方的长相都不知道。但大家在换班的时候，都 会互相说一声加油。”她说。<br /> 25日，武汉大学人民医院派出的新一批增援人员启程出发， 朱庭萱、杨宇成被接替回来观察、休整。谈到对这一段难得的 轻松时间如何安排，朱庭萱简单利落地回答了四个字“看剧、 躺着”。<br /> 对于是否会重返抗击疫情前线，朱庭萱和杨宇成给出了一 样的答案。<br /> “妈妈告诉我，我在一线的这段时间，父亲经常晚上睡不 着觉。但是如果需要，我一定会重返岗位。既然选择了这个职业, 我有责任去帮助那些患者，分担同事们的压力，这是我的价值 所在。”杨宇成说。<br /> “如果我不去，别人就要去，在这份责任面前必须有担当。 大家对医生护士一定要有信心，我们不会放弃你们。同时，大 家也要好好地做好防护措施。”朱庭萱说。<br /> 还有很多支援湖北医疗队在武汉市金银潭医院发生的感人 故事，未能一一展开，在这里同样向你们致以最崇高的敬意。<br /> （新华社武汉2020年1月26日电 记者王作葵、乐文婉、 方亚东） <br /> <br /> <br /> 那些发出的感谢信<br /> 一方有难，八方支援。自2020年1月24日 除夕之夜起，全国各地医务人员紧急驰援，与金 银潭人一起手拉手、心连心，并肩作战、攻坚克 难，使新冠肺炎疫情得到有效遏制，患者的诊疗 质量得到大大提升。<br /> 金银潭医院发出的一•封封感谢信，是感谢和 感恩，是问候和致敬，体现的是武汉人民、湖北 人民、全国人民勸力同心，众志成城抗击疫情 的强大中国力量和中国精神。 <br /> J 範汉市<br /> 『’S'fSS匡院<br /> *瞄心 jatvsn^<br /> 宣徵匱疔队：<br /> 2019句底..、，：女.新*2扣病二肺炎2二肆卢.» “'. 政犁的阻击成情丝仃响乳.(市舎靈：済阮*为衆化省.A 八&amp;笑 &amp;公# &quot;扌：，'，--. &quot;、 . ■ ■ …<br /> 乱目会体医务人员身不畏惧,超负荷坚守岗，.旭难而上, 逆M.而行<br /> &quot;■&quot;.- -8 、‘* 策 4 &quot;，；&gt;*• ■：膳' &quot;f ；■_<br /> 声了匸、神拔我阮 抚 F”的&quot;:.ffl 1- - ! t(: •.号■ 队的加入,新型威状病毒肺炎.电者的。';质卄，到，、k &lt; ， 从你们身I .我们嚓,到强大的中国I :.和中国卷神 壇强；我们我.畔如f： •牝珞&quot; 。斗3者.牛命卓f；、 •b.痕仙盐丄二》.傍抒？U'「；衷 ，': &gt; •, .<br /> 炎須斌明控J作的大力支持,衷心感禅為3援助庆纟“， 的辛勤付出!<br /> 我们外,R ■? *7力时t.如“ \<br /> 近总书记重要指示精神和党中央决策喜, 能 -- 胜这场抗击疫情的人民战争!<br /> 武汉加油！湖北加，由！中国加，由！<br /> j 、 /<br /> 武认布丑锻.G g 77-'<br /> 2020七.，月 <br /> 金银潭抗疫纪事<br /> <br /> <br /> 第六章<br /> 金银潭医院之外<br /> 当金银潭医院内发生着一连串惊心动魄、感人至 深的故事时，医院围墙之外，武汉2100多个社区， 数以万计的基层社区工作人员和3.8万名警务人员同 样在为守护人民群众的生命安全而战。<br /> 在历史上，人们从未比现在更关注社区；也从来 没有哪座城市，比武汉管控社区的力度还要大。<br /> 抗击疫情有两个阵地，一个是医院救死扶伤阵地， 一个是社区防控阵地。社区胜则武汉胜，武汉胜则湖 北胜，湖北胜则全国胜。 <br /> <br /> 2020年1月23 S,武汉封城首日，乘客搭乘最后一班地铁。（第六章图片 除有特殊说明外均为新华社记者冯国栋拍摄）<br /> 社区工作的重中之重：<br /> 确保900万居家市民生活<br /> 地处中国版图天元位置的武汉，是中国乃至世界上都少有 的特大城市。常住人口超过1000万，流动人口超过300万， 总人口数近1500万。<br /> <br /> 2020年1月29日，大年初五，武汉的街上几乎看不到车辆。<br /> 武汉封城时临近春节，除约500万人流出武汉外，全市约 有900万人口留守江城。<br /> 留守人口的稳定与生活保障成了武汉能否取得抗疫斗争胜 利的重要一环。<br /> 在武汉还没有对居民小区进行封闭管理时，我们探访了地 处武汉市青山区钢都花园123社区服务中心。<br /> 这里是原武汉钢铁公司职工最集中居住的小区之一。<br /> 我们到达时，社区工作人员正在分配民政部门刚刚发放的 青菜、水果和食品等生活物资。<br /> 123社区成立于2001年，位于武汉市青山区二环外，离武 汉市中心有一定距离。由于住户多为同单位的职工，这个社区 与外界沟通并不像市中心社区那样频繁、密切。<br /> 连日来，123社区加大了各小区发热患者的排查力度和对 外来人员的进出管控。小区现有门栋132栋，住户1916户， 常住人口 6312人，春节期间留在社区的有4226人，占常住人 口 2/3。其余1/3住户在武汉“封城”前就已外出，多是走亲 访友。<br /> 社区书记赵旭玲介绍，疫情发生后，社区主要在信息发布、 生活保障和分级筛查三方面釆取了措施：<br /> 一是信息渠道要24小时畅通。社区工作人员主要通过电 话、微信和“微邻里”软件发布权威信息。“微邻里”是武汉 市打造的一个便民服务平台。“像我们武汉市发的《致市民群 众一封信》和《青山区发给居民的公开信》，还有抗击疫情的 相关通告，全部都通过’微邻里’来发布。疫情发生后，平台 还新增了发热患者信息上报等功能。对于不常用智能手机的独 <br /> <br /> 疫情期间的社区药店。<br /> <br /> 疫情期间的社区超市。<br /> <br /> 2020年2月1日上午，武汉市青山区钢都花园123社区“天天敲门组”为 居民提供服务。<br /> <br /> 居、空巢老人，社区通过大喇叭确保重要信息通知到位。”赵 旭玲说。<br /> 今年49岁的赵旭玲告诉我们，她的母亲在孝感老家，从春 节前一直病危（与新冠肺炎无关），她却由于武汉“封城”和 忙碌的工作根本无法回家探望。“母亲去世，我都没法回家。 社区的事情太多，400。多人的生命和安危都必须盯着。”赵旭 玲几度哽咽。<br /> 我们了解到，和她工作强度类似的基层工作人员并不在少 数。基层工作中女同志较多，她们不得不抛下家务事，不分白 昼黑夜保障社区运转。一天打100个电话是常态。<br /> 二是确保生活保障。1月23日武汉实施“封城”后，公 共交通停摆、大小餐饮店春节放假，这给社区百姓的生活和出 <br /> <br /> 2020年2月1日上午，武汉市青山区钢都花园123社区服务中心内的抗疫 救灾物资。<br /> <br /> 行带来诸多不便。这时，青山区打造的民生食堂“社区好味到 食堂”发挥了很大的作用，保障了特殊时期社区居民的日常饮 食需求。<br /> 我们来到食堂探访时，食堂员工正在准备午饭。<br /> 一位厨师说，食堂每天能保证至少2—3个菜品，每天服 务的困难群体有100个人，对于行动不方便的独居、空巢老 人等，社区还通过“天天敲门组”工作人员，为他们送服务。 一袋米、一盒药、一碗热饭・••…只要群众提出的合理要求， 社区工作人员立马响应，为困难群众提供物质上和精神上的 定心丸。<br /> 同时，社区还配备了 3辆应急交通车，满足居民出行需求。 尹志鸿是“曹操出行”的专车司机，根据社区统一安排，他每 天工作8小时，穿着防护服，义务开车送社区群众外出买药， 或到医院就诊。<br /> 三是实施分级筛查。123社区对发烧居民实施分级筛查。 社区居民出现发热情况后，第一时间上报给网格员。网格员先 是建立一人一档，再联系社区卫生服务中心进行筛查。如果病 情轻微，则指导发热居民在家服药；确实需要到医院门诊看病 的，再建议他们去看病。<br /> “疫情来得凶猛，有些居民特别恐慌。加上秋冬季节感 冒确实也比较多。刚开始’封城’时，我们每天忙于接居民 打来的电话。后来，社区卫生服务中心给发烧的患者开了药， 吃了之后，烧降下来了。接到的电话就少了。”社区书记赵 旭玲说。<br /> <br /> 2020年2月1日上午拍摄的武汉市青山区“123社区”的社区好味到食堂<br />  <br /> <br /> 2020年2月1日上午，司机尹志鸿为社区提供交通出行服务。<br /> <br /> 谈到抗击疫情的感悟，赵旭玲说：“基层的社区干部，对 居民是一个安慰，一颗定心丸。做好群众工作就是我的一切, 我已融入社区工作的方方面面。沟通到位，保障到位，可以在 很大程度上避免恐慌。” <br /> 社区书记：我恨不得变成孙悟空<br /> 防控疫情，社区是关键。<br /> 新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，武汉的每一个社区工作者，都奋 战在抗疫一线。<br /> 董守芝是江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区书记，这个社区距离华 南海鲜市场不足两公里，居民有16000多人，防控难度可想<br /> <br /> 武汉疫情热力图，红色部分为发热患者聚集区。<br />  <br /> <br /> 2020年2月17日下午，武汉市江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区对人员进行排查。<br /> <br /> 而知。<br /> 从1月23日开始，她就夜以继日地投身工作，开通社区之 音、开展拉网式大排查、对社区进行封闭式管理……董守芝裝京, 每天能接100多个电话，恨不得变成孙悟空，多分几个身出来, 为自己做事。<br /> 以下是董守芝的讲述：<br /> 我是西桥社区书记，从1993年开始，就从事社区工作。<br /> 目前，我所在的西桥社区有两大特点：人多、老旧小区多， 管理难度非常大。社区常住人口有16000多，7351户居民，社 区里有11个老旧小区，442栋平房区，有物业管理的小区只有 6个。<br /> 社区的工作人员有25名。疫情发生以来，我们一直在防控 一线。面对小区的各种状况，我和同事们也会感觉压力很大。<br /> 后来，来了 59个区机关干部，他们下沉到一线，帮我们解 决了很多难题，分摊了许多压力。小区封闭之后，他们也派人 到路口值守。<br /> 1月23日封城之后，我就一直没有休息，投入到疫情防 控一线工作当中。疫情发生以来，我们社区主要采取了三个 措施——<br /> 第一，开通社区之音，滚动播报各类通告和提示。我们把 省市发布的公告和疫情提示，在广播里循环播放；第二，开展 拉网式大排查，通过网络上报和电话的方式，及时发现发热患 者，准确上报；第三，进行封闭式管理，原来的37个路口，现 在只剩17个开着，每个路口都有志愿者值守。刚开始，很多居 民不理解，感觉出入不便，但我们还是尽最大努力向大家解释， 让他们理解。<br /> <br /> 西桥社区党群服务中心<br /> 了解到社区内有500户特困人员，包括生病的患者、隔离 人员、老人和一些困难户。我和同事们上门送药、送粮油、送菜、 送关爱。每天，我和同事们平均要给一百多户居民送菜、送药， 保障居民的日常生活物资。<br /> 前段时间，从社区旁边的酒店打来一通求助电话。<br /> 原来，这是住在酒店的一家三口，他们是红安县人，是年 前到武汉儿童医院给孩子看病的。<br /> 1月23日封城，他们就回不去了，一直在酒店隔离，现在 已经弹尽粮绝了，连给孩子买奶粉的钱都没有。<br /> 接到消息，我和同事们就在社区拿了一些防护用品，包括 本就不够用的口罩，还有方便面等食物送到酒店，还帮他们申 报了 3000元的救济金，心想起码孩子买奶粉的钱是有了。<br /> 疫情发生之后，我每天都得接100多个电话，手机24小时 开机，就怕漏接一个电话。从年前开始，每天19个小时都在工 作，真正休息的时间只有五六个小时。<br /> 现在恨不得自己变成孙悟空，一根汗毛就能变一个分身， 这样就能有精力去做更多的事情了。<br /> 社区工作压力很大，最近几天，我接到同事打来的电话， 她在电话那头哭得很厉害。我年纪比他们大点，遇到这种情况 我会安慰他们，然后大家再一起继续投入战斗。<br /> 现在，我有个心愿，就是希望疫情赶紧过去。等疫情过去 之后，我就找个有山的地方大睡三天三夜，好好休息一下。<br /> 拉网式大排查<br /> “请大家按登记表全面排查。住址、姓名、联系电话要登 记好。情况特殊的要备注清楚。” 2月17日下午，我们再次来 到唐家墩街西桥社区时，董守芝和20多位社区工作人员正在开 会布置任务。<br /> 当天，一场为期3天的拉网式大排查在武汉3300多个社区、 村湾同步展开。<br /> “有人在家吗？ ”在西桥社区三眼桥一村小区，网格员易 君与社区派出所民警熊松，以及下沉到社区的3名特警对一处 出租房进行排查。房东说，春节前几天，里面的租客一直咳嗽， “这几天没听到动静，担心他出事。”<br /> 开门的是位小伙子。易君先用无接触式体温仪测量了他的 体温，确认没有发烧，随后又详细询问了他的健康状况。民警 核验了租客的身份，叮嘱他待在屋内不要出门。临走时，易君 登记了租客的电话，“遇到问题请跟我联系。”<br /> 西桥社区是“万人社区”，因距离最先发现疫情的华南海 鲜市场不到两公里，疫情较重。<br /> 董守芝说，春节至今，社区深入宣传“发热不上报”的危害, 广泛发动居民通过电话或微信平台，主动上报发热情况。<br /> “这次拉网式大排查，目标是确保不漏一户、不漏一人。 重点排查与新冠肺炎相关的所有人员，还包括危重在家的基础 病患者，比如尿毒症透析患者、恶性肿瘤、其他疾病重症患者， 以及孕产妇。”董守芝说。<br /> 武汉市要求本次排查要做到五个“百分百”：确诊患者百 分百应收尽收、疑似患者百分百核酸检测、发热患者百分百进 行检测、密切接触者百分百隔离、小区村庄百分百实行24小时 封闭管理。<br /> “董主任，我在电视上看到你了，你现在怎么痩得这么狠 哪？我年纪大了，不能给你帮忙，我一点力都出不了。我老伴 说我，这么大岁数了，待在家里不给社区添乱，就是给董主任 帮忙了。你要保重身体啊！”<br /> 一通来自90多岁的叶婆婆的电话，让董守芝倍感暖心。新<br /> <br /> 2020年2月17日，武汉市江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区民警正在展开排查。当天, 一场为期3天的拉网式大排查在武汉3300多个社区、村湾同步展开。<br /> <br /> 2020年2月17日下午，武汉市江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区网格员易君（中） 社区人员和派出所民警熊松（左一）对出租房进行排查。<br /> <br /> 冠肺炎疫情发生以来，董守芝一直奋战在社区防控一线。从年 前开始，董守芝和同事们就开始在社区清楼道、清屋顶、清死角， 做大扫除，用消毒液在整个社区开展消杀。<br /> 社区是疫情防控的第一道防线。疫情蔓延后，西桥社区里， 社区群干与街道相关部门、物业公司、志愿者、网格党支部成员、 社区卫生服务中心等通力协作，各方力量拧成一股绳，确保服 务不断档。<br /> 给董守芝底气和信心的，还有来自家人的关爱。董守芝的 老伴身体不好，但总是力所能及地帮她做点事。只要她一到家， 老伴总会叮咛她加强营养、注意休息，又给她冲热水袋，暖手 暖脚。<br /> “自己年龄大了，又患有高血压，儿子儿媳不想让我太操劳。 他们很担心我，一再叮嘱我要照顾好自己。”董守芝说，每天 看看3个月大的孙子的照片，是一种特别的慰藉。<br /> 没有一个冬天不可逾越，没有一个春天不会到来。<br /> 说起疫情结束后社区的优先事项，董守芝不假思索：“安 排好值班，让同志们都休息一下，让他们养好元气再来投入 工作。“<br /> 2月22日清晨6点，年过六旬的董守芝已出门，步子又快 又急。<br /> 一个多月来，身为武汉市江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区书记的 她，没睡过一个安稳觉。<br /> 疫情中，中老年人是高危人群，但董守芝像年轻人一样， 楼道消杀、入户排查、上门送菜，样样抢着干。<br /> “从1993年开始，我就在这个社区工作了，对每家每户、 一草一木都很有感情，这个时候，绝不能退缩。”董守芝说。<br /> 西桥社区地处老城区，城中村密集。除11个老旧小区、3 个自助物业小区外，还有422栋平房，65岁以上居民占八成， 不少居民不会上网“团购”。实行封闭式管理后，这些居民的 生活所需全靠社区配送。<br /> 24名社区干部，加上50多名市、区下沉干部和党员志愿者， 承担着16000多人的柴米油盐和日常管控，任务繁重。<br /> 2月21日，她联系到一批蔬菜送到小区。<br /> 运菜车刚停稳，她就带领大家，一口气将满满4卡车蔬菜 运进社区，3小时没歇气。送菜司机钦佩地竖起大拇指：“西 桥的女将，真厉害！”<br /> “小周，你把这些药先拿去，给你妈妈用，社区里的药回 <br /> 来后，再给你们送些去。” 2月22日下午2点，董守芝拿着倍 他乐克、波立维、可定等降压药，打电话给无线电厂小区居民 周汉胜。<br /> 董守芝说，周汉胜的母亲患有高血压，家中储备的降压药 吃完了。防疫管控措施升级后，这类药只能由社区统一到定点 医疗机构领取。<br /> “上午，赶去取药的社区干部打电话回来说，前面还有80 多个社区在排队，不知道要等多久才能领到。”深知此类药物 不能停，她便从自己每天服用的降压药里，匀了一些出来，给 周汉胜家“救急”。<br /> 在董守芝看来，为群众办事，不仅要办成，更要办好，“这 个时候，我们社区干部再难也要顶上去！”<br /> 新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，武汉社区干部一直奋战在防控一 线，倾情服务站好岗，用“身心投入”的方式，书写着社区抗 疫的“答卷”。<br /> 这是一场没有硝烟的战争，也是一个争分夺秒的“考场”， 需要筑牢基层堡垒，守好社区这个“第一防线”。</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153277 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:58:53Z <p>Li Hong: /* = =Key Words= = */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> transformation, Taoism, modern times<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Every religion has its own beliefs and teachings, which always vary to guard their unchangeable beliefs. So it is with Taoism. Facing new problems which appear in modern society, Taoists should offer their explanations to their believers according to their beliefs, which is the key to their development in the diversity of the world. Firstly, I tried to list the development of the Taoism before 1978. Compared with the revival movement of Buddhism, Taoism seemed to have fallen behind a lot. Secondly, with the ending of political movements, the circle of religion, including Taoism, received a new life. Many intellectuals turned themselves to the study of religion, which helped Taoists to rebuild their confidence of beliefs. They began to hold a series of seminars whose subjects concentrated on how to explain traditional Taoist beliefs to serve the modern society. Thirdly, what I tried to conclude are the modern significance of Taoism.<br /> <br /> ===The Development of Taoism before Modern Times===<br /> From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Taoism was formed and established. After hundreds of years of transformation and development, Taoism’s classical doctrines, practices and disciplines became more and more complete, and were recognized by the rulers, thus evolved into a mature orthodox religion.( 洪修平, 2007)<br /> From the Sui and Tang Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, due to the respect of the ruling class, Taoism flourished and had a great social impact. After the late Tang Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty, there were some new changes in Taoism. The main characteristics of Taoism in this period were to promote the integration of three religions and pay attention to the cultivation of inner alchemy.<br /> During the Ming and Qing dynasties, with the late feudal society in China, Taoism was stagnating. In modern China, Taoism inherited the legacy of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and, except for a few periods, remained at low ebb.<br /> <br /> ===The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times===<br /> In 1978, the Party Central Committee began a comprehensive effort to set things right. Under the guidance of the Party and the government’s religious policies in the new era, Chinese Taoism has developed its religious activities, achieved remarkable results in the cultivation of talents, shown prosperity in Taoist research, and actively participated in social welfare and foreign friendly relations, showing an unprecedented new atmosphere.( 祝逸雯, 2007)<br /> Cultivation of talents<br /> The Chinese Taoist Association has held five “Taoist knowledge specialization courses” and one “Taoist knowledge refresher course”, training a total of 206 Taoist talents, most of whom have become the backbone of the Taoist community today. In May 1990, China Taoist College was officially established, which is the first modern college in the history of Chinese Taoism, marking a new stage in the cultivation of Taoist talents.( Man Kam Leung,2013) At present, 10 Taoist colleges and universities have been established in the Taoist community nationwide, offering various majors such as sutra lectures, palace management and Taoist medicine and health care, covering three levels: master’s degree, undergraduate degree and specialist degree. The situation that talents in the Taoist community are in short supply has been effectively improved.<br /> Building cultural self-confidence<br /> In 1987, the Journal of “the Taoist Association” was changed to “China Taoism”, marking the beginning of the Chinese Taoist community’s own cultural research position, while the Taoist associations in Shanghai and Shaanxi also established local publications, such as Shanghai Taoism and Health. In 1989, the Institute of Taoist Culture of the Chinese Taoist Association was established, and a series of achievements were made afterwards, such as “Taoism and Health”, “Inroduction to Taoism”, “Taoism and the Hundred Schools of Thought”, “Materials on the History of Taoism”, and other works were published one after another. <br /> International Exchange<br /> The Taoist community has actively sent missions to international religious conferences such as the World Conference on Religions and Environmental Protection, the Millennium Congress of Religious and Spiritual Leaders for World Peace, the Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions, the World Conference of Religions for Peace, the Asian Conference of Religions for Peace, and the Congress of the World Alliance of Religious Leaders to voice the advocacies of the Taoist community on issues of environmental protection, religious dialogue, and world peace and equality. Through exchanges and dialogues, Chinese Taoism's advocacy of &quot;natural harmony, human peace, and religious harmony&quot; has been widely recognized by all major religions in the world, contributing to the building of a harmonious world and a community of human destiny.<br /> <br /> ===The modern significance of Taoism===<br /> First, in terms of personal values in life, Taoist culture believes that the value of life does not lie in personal fame and fortune, but in respect for the Tao and its virtues. If everyone adheres to the life principles advocated by Taoist culture, the whole society will be greatly improved, and people’s ideological quality will be greatly enhanced, and we will be freed from the servitude of money, so that we can better exert our individual intelligence and wisdom, and promote the harmonious development of society.<br /> Second, in terms of interpersonal relationships, Taoist culture advocates helping the world, emphasizing mutual help and love among people, and the principle of equal and fair egalitarianism for all.( 卿希泰，2006) If everyone acts in accordance with these ideas of Taoist culture, it will be possible to deal with various social relations between people and make the whole society harmonious and orderly; it will also be possible to deal with the mutual relations between countries, so that the whole world will naturally be at peace.<br /> Third, in terms of the relationship between human beings and nature, Taoist culture starts from the idea of “the unity of heaven and man” and believes that human beings are a part of nature, emphasizing that “the way of the Tao is the way of nature” and “the way of nature cannot be violated.” Therefore, it advocates that man should love and care for nature, live in harmony with nature, and follow the objective laws of nature itself in order to make human society develop sustainably.( Mishra Anish, 2022)<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Taoism is one of the valuable religious cultures in China, and after the founding of New China; the vigorous promotion of religious values has provided an opportunity for the transformation of Taoism. We should inherit and carry forward its good ideas, and help it adapt to modern changes and discover its modern values.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153276 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:52:11Z <p>Li Hong: /* = =Key Words= = */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> Key Words<br /> <br /> transformation, Taoism, modern times<br /> <br /> = = =Introduction= = =<br /> <br /> Every religion has its own beliefs and teachings, which always vary to guard their unchangeable beliefs. So it is with Taoism. Facing new problems which appear in modern society, Taoists should offer their explanations to their believers according to their beliefs, which is the key to their development in the diversity of the world. Firstly, I tried to list the development of the Taoism before 1978. Compared with the revival movement of Buddhism, Taoism seemed to have fallen behind a lot. Secondly, with the ending of political movements, the circle of religion, including Taoism, received a new life. Many intellectuals turned themselves to the study of religion, which helped Taoists to rebuild their confidence of beliefs. They began to hold a series of seminars whose subjects concentrated on how to explain traditional Taoist beliefs to serve the modern society. Thirdly, what I tried to conclude are the modern significance of Taoism.<br /> = = =The Development of Taoism before Modern Times= = =<br /> <br /> From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Taoism was formed and established. After hundreds of years of transformation and development, Taoism’s classical doctrines, practices and disciplines became more and more complete, and were recognized by the rulers, thus evolved into a mature orthodox religion.( 洪修平, 2007)<br /> From the Sui and Tang Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, due to the respect of the ruling class, Taoism flourished and had a great social impact. After the late Tang Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty, there were some new changes in Taoism. The main characteristics of Taoism in this period were to promote the integration of three religions and pay attention to the cultivation of inner alchemy.<br /> During the Ming and Qing dynasties, with the late feudal society in China, Taoism was stagnating. In modern China, Taoism inherited the legacy of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and, except for a few periods, remained at low ebb.<br /> = = =The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times= = =<br /> <br /> In 1978, the Party Central Committee began a comprehensive effort to set things right. Under the guidance of the Party and the government’s religious policies in the new era, Chinese Taoism has developed its religious activities, achieved remarkable results in the cultivation of talents, shown prosperity in Taoist research, and actively participated in social welfare and foreign friendly relations, showing an unprecedented new atmosphere.( 祝逸雯, 2007)<br /> Cultivation of talents<br /> The Chinese Taoist Association has held five “Taoist knowledge specialization courses” and one “Taoist knowledge refresher course”, training a total of 206 Taoist talents, most of whom have become the backbone of the Taoist community today. In May 1990, China Taoist College was officially established, which is the first modern college in the history of Chinese Taoism, marking a new stage in the cultivation of Taoist talents.( Man Kam Leung,2013) At present, 10 Taoist colleges and universities have been established in the Taoist community nationwide, offering various majors such as sutra lectures, palace management and Taoist medicine and health care, covering three levels: master’s degree, undergraduate degree and specialist degree. The situation that talents in the Taoist community are in short supply has been effectively improved.<br /> Building cultural self-confidence<br /> In 1987, the Journal of “the Taoist Association” was changed to “China Taoism”, marking the beginning of the Chinese Taoist community’s own cultural research position, while the Taoist associations in Shanghai and Shaanxi also established local publications, such as Shanghai Taoism and Health. In 1989, the Institute of Taoist Culture of the Chinese Taoist Association was established, and a series of achievements were made afterwards, such as “Taoism and Health”, “Inroduction to Taoism”, “Taoism and the Hundred Schools of Thought”, “Materials on the History of Taoism”, and other works were published one after another. <br /> International Exchange<br /> The Taoist community has actively sent missions to international religious conferences such as the World Conference on Religions and Environmental Protection, the Millennium Congress of Religious and Spiritual Leaders for World Peace, the Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions, the World Conference of Religions for Peace, the Asian Conference of Religions for Peace, and the Congress of the World Alliance of Religious Leaders to voice the advocacies of the Taoist community on issues of environmental protection, religious dialogue, and world peace and equality. Through exchanges and dialogues, Chinese Taoism's advocacy of &quot;natural harmony, human peace, and religious harmony&quot; has been widely recognized by all major religions in the world, contributing to the building of a harmonious world and a community of human destiny.<br /> = = =The modern significance of Taoism= = =<br /> <br /> First, in terms of personal values in life, Taoist culture believes that the value of life does not lie in personal fame and fortune, but in respect for the Tao and its virtues. If everyone adheres to the life principles advocated by Taoist culture, the whole society will be greatly improved, and people’s ideological quality will be greatly enhanced, and we will be freed from the servitude of money, so that we can better exert our individual intelligence and wisdom, and promote the harmonious development of society.<br /> Second, in terms of interpersonal relationships, Taoist culture advocates helping the world, emphasizing mutual help and love among people, and the principle of equal and fair egalitarianism for all.( 卿希泰，2006) If everyone acts in accordance with these ideas of Taoist culture, it will be possible to deal with various social relations between people and make the whole society harmonious and orderly; it will also be possible to deal with the mutual relations between countries, so that the whole world will naturally be at peace.<br /> Third, in terms of the relationship between human beings and nature, Taoist culture starts from the idea of “the unity of heaven and man” and believes that human beings are a part of nature, emphasizing that “the way of the Tao is the way of nature” and “the way of nature cannot be violated.” Therefore, it advocates that man should love and care for nature, live in harmony with nature, and follow the objective laws of nature itself in order to make human society develop sustainably.( Mishra Anish, 2022)<br /> <br /> = = =Conclusion= = =<br /> <br /> Taoism is one of the valuable religious cultures in China, and after the founding of New China; the vigorous promotion of religious values has provided an opportunity for the transformation of Taoism. We should inherit and carry forward its good ideas, and help it adapt to modern changes and discover its modern values.<br /> = = =Terms and Expressions= = =<br /> <br /> = = = Questions = = =<br /> <br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> = = = Answers = = =<br /> <br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153275 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:50:53Z <p>Li Hong: /* 202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation) */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> = = =Key Words= = =<br /> <br /> transformation, Taoism, modern times<br /> = = =Introduction= = =<br /> <br /> Every religion has its own beliefs and teachings, which always vary to guard their unchangeable beliefs. So it is with Taoism. Facing new problems which appear in modern society, Taoists should offer their explanations to their believers according to their beliefs, which is the key to their development in the diversity of the world. Firstly, I tried to list the development of the Taoism before 1978. Compared with the revival movement of Buddhism, Taoism seemed to have fallen behind a lot. Secondly, with the ending of political movements, the circle of religion, including Taoism, received a new life. Many intellectuals turned themselves to the study of religion, which helped Taoists to rebuild their confidence of beliefs. They began to hold a series of seminars whose subjects concentrated on how to explain traditional Taoist beliefs to serve the modern society. Thirdly, what I tried to conclude are the modern significance of Taoism.<br /> = = =The Development of Taoism before Modern Times= = =<br /> <br /> From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Taoism was formed and established. After hundreds of years of transformation and development, Taoism’s classical doctrines, practices and disciplines became more and more complete, and were recognized by the rulers, thus evolved into a mature orthodox religion.( 洪修平, 2007)<br /> From the Sui and Tang Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, due to the respect of the ruling class, Taoism flourished and had a great social impact. After the late Tang Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty, there were some new changes in Taoism. The main characteristics of Taoism in this period were to promote the integration of three religions and pay attention to the cultivation of inner alchemy.<br /> During the Ming and Qing dynasties, with the late feudal society in China, Taoism was stagnating. In modern China, Taoism inherited the legacy of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and, except for a few periods, remained at low ebb.<br /> = = =The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times= = =<br /> <br /> In 1978, the Party Central Committee began a comprehensive effort to set things right. Under the guidance of the Party and the government’s religious policies in the new era, Chinese Taoism has developed its religious activities, achieved remarkable results in the cultivation of talents, shown prosperity in Taoist research, and actively participated in social welfare and foreign friendly relations, showing an unprecedented new atmosphere.( 祝逸雯, 2007)<br /> Cultivation of talents<br /> The Chinese Taoist Association has held five “Taoist knowledge specialization courses” and one “Taoist knowledge refresher course”, training a total of 206 Taoist talents, most of whom have become the backbone of the Taoist community today. In May 1990, China Taoist College was officially established, which is the first modern college in the history of Chinese Taoism, marking a new stage in the cultivation of Taoist talents.( Man Kam Leung,2013) At present, 10 Taoist colleges and universities have been established in the Taoist community nationwide, offering various majors such as sutra lectures, palace management and Taoist medicine and health care, covering three levels: master’s degree, undergraduate degree and specialist degree. The situation that talents in the Taoist community are in short supply has been effectively improved.<br /> Building cultural self-confidence<br /> In 1987, the Journal of “the Taoist Association” was changed to “China Taoism”, marking the beginning of the Chinese Taoist community’s own cultural research position, while the Taoist associations in Shanghai and Shaanxi also established local publications, such as Shanghai Taoism and Health. In 1989, the Institute of Taoist Culture of the Chinese Taoist Association was established, and a series of achievements were made afterwards, such as “Taoism and Health”, “Inroduction to Taoism”, “Taoism and the Hundred Schools of Thought”, “Materials on the History of Taoism”, and other works were published one after another. <br /> International Exchange<br /> The Taoist community has actively sent missions to international religious conferences such as the World Conference on Religions and Environmental Protection, the Millennium Congress of Religious and Spiritual Leaders for World Peace, the Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions, the World Conference of Religions for Peace, the Asian Conference of Religions for Peace, and the Congress of the World Alliance of Religious Leaders to voice the advocacies of the Taoist community on issues of environmental protection, religious dialogue, and world peace and equality. Through exchanges and dialogues, Chinese Taoism's advocacy of &quot;natural harmony, human peace, and religious harmony&quot; has been widely recognized by all major religions in the world, contributing to the building of a harmonious world and a community of human destiny.<br /> = = =The modern significance of Taoism= = =<br /> <br /> First, in terms of personal values in life, Taoist culture believes that the value of life does not lie in personal fame and fortune, but in respect for the Tao and its virtues. If everyone adheres to the life principles advocated by Taoist culture, the whole society will be greatly improved, and people’s ideological quality will be greatly enhanced, and we will be freed from the servitude of money, so that we can better exert our individual intelligence and wisdom, and promote the harmonious development of society.<br /> Second, in terms of interpersonal relationships, Taoist culture advocates helping the world, emphasizing mutual help and love among people, and the principle of equal and fair egalitarianism for all.( 卿希泰，2006) If everyone acts in accordance with these ideas of Taoist culture, it will be possible to deal with various social relations between people and make the whole society harmonious and orderly; it will also be possible to deal with the mutual relations between countries, so that the whole world will naturally be at peace.<br /> Third, in terms of the relationship between human beings and nature, Taoist culture starts from the idea of “the unity of heaven and man” and believes that human beings are a part of nature, emphasizing that “the way of the Tao is the way of nature” and “the way of nature cannot be violated.” Therefore, it advocates that man should love and care for nature, live in harmony with nature, and follow the objective laws of nature itself in order to make human society develop sustainably.( Mishra Anish, 2022)<br /> <br /> = = =Conclusion= = =<br /> <br /> Taoism is one of the valuable religious cultures in China, and after the founding of New China; the vigorous promotion of religious values has provided an opportunity for the transformation of Taoism. We should inherit and carry forward its good ideas, and help it adapt to modern changes and discover its modern values.<br /> = = =Terms and Expressions= = =<br /> <br /> = = = Questions = = =<br /> <br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> = = = Answers = = =<br /> <br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153274 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:21:00Z <p>Li Hong: /* = = Terms and Expressions = = */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153273 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:19:56Z <p>Li Hong: /* = = References = = */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> = = = Terms and Expressions = = =<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153272 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:19:10Z <p>Li Hong: /* = = Conclusion = = */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> = = = References = = =<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> = = = Terms and Expressions = = =<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153271 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:18:25Z <p>Li Hong: /* = = The Hen = = */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> = = = Conclusion = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = References = = =<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> = = = Terms and Expressions = = =<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153270 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:17:41Z <p>Li Hong: /* = = The Egg = = */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> = = = The Hen = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = Conclusion = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = References = = =<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> = = = Terms and Expressions = = =<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153269 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:16:53Z <p>Li Hong: /* = = Questions = = */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> = = = The Egg = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = The Hen = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = Conclusion = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = References = = =<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> = = = Terms and Expressions = = =<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153268 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:16:15Z <p>Li Hong: /* = = Answers = = */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> = = = The Egg = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = The Hen = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = Conclusion = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = References = = =<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> = = = Terms and Expressions = = =<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> = = = Questions = = =<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153267 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:15:45Z <p>Li Hong: /* = = Introduction = = */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> = = = The Egg = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = The Hen = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = Conclusion = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = References = = =<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> = = = Terms and Expressions = = =<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> = = = Questions = = =<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> = = = Answers = = =<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153266 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:15:05Z <p>Li Hong: /* = = 关键词 = = */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> = = = Introduction = = =<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> = = = The Egg = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = The Hen = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = Conclusion = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = References = = =<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> = = = Terms and Expressions = = =<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> = = = Questions = = =<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> = = = Answers = = =<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153265 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:13:58Z <p>Li Hong: /* 202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation) */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> = = = 关键词 = = =<br /> = = = Introduction = = =<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> = = = The Egg = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = The Hen = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = Conclusion = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = References = = =<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> = = = Terms and Expressions = = =<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> = = = Questions = = =<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> = = = Answers = = =<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153264 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:13:22Z <p>Li Hong: /* 202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation) */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> = = = 关键词 = = =<br /> = = = Introduction = = =<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> = = = The Egg = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = The Hen = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = Conclusion = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = References = = =<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> = = = Terms and Expressions = = =<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> = = = Questions = = =<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> = = = Answers = = =<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153263 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:12:41Z <p>Li Hong: /* = = 摘要 = = */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> = = = 关键词 = = =<br /> = = = Introduction = = =<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> = = = The Egg = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = The Hen = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = Conclusion = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = References = = =<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> = = = Terms and Expressions = = =<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> = = = Questions = = =<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> = = = Answers = = =<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153262 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:12:15Z <p>Li Hong: /* = = 题目 = = */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> = = = 摘要 = = =<br /> = = = 关键词 = = =<br /> = = = Introduction = = =<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> = = = The Egg = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = The Hen = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = Conclusion = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = References = = =<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> = = = Terms and Expressions = = =<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> = = = Questions = = =<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> = = = Answers = = =<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153261 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:09:30Z <p>Li Hong: /* = = Key Words = = */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> = = = 题目 = = =<br /> = = = 摘要 = = =<br /> = = = 关键词 = = =<br /> = = = Introduction = = =<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> = = = The Egg = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = The Hen = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = Conclusion = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = References = = =<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> = = = Terms and Expressions = = =<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> = = = Questions = = =<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> = = = Answers = = =<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=153260 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-28T16:04:41Z <p>Li Hong: /* 202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation) */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> = = = Key Words = = =<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> = = = 题目 = = =<br /> = = = 摘要 = = =<br /> = = = 关键词 = = =<br /> = = = Introduction = = =<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> = = = The Egg = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = The Hen = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = Conclusion = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = References = = =<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> = = = Terms and Expressions = = =<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> = = = Questions = = =<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> = = = Answers = = =<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> == Abstract ==<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article mainly focused on the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times.<br /> <br /> == Key Words ==<br /> <br /> bride price, content, change<br /> <br /> == 题目 ==<br /> <br /> 中国婚礼习俗之彩礼<br /> <br /> == 摘要 ==<br /> <br /> 在现代中国，彩礼通常由男方付给女方，这保留了古老的婚俗。彩礼起源于周朝，对大多数中国人来说，彩礼一直是婚礼文化中不可分割的一部分。本文主要研究了中国彩礼内容在不同时期的变化。<br /> <br /> == 关键词 ==<br /> <br /> 彩礼，内容，变化<br /> <br /> == Introduction ==<br /> <br /> Bride price has been an indispensable custom in the process of marriage since ancient times. It was deprived from the “Six Rites” of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the etiquette for the male family to send property to the female family for betrothal. Once the female family accepts the property sent by the male family, they announce engagement. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, bride price is defined as “the property given by the man to the woman at the time of engagement”.（Li Xia 2008, 254) The content of bride price are changing with the changes of times.<br /> <br /> == the Change of Contents ==<br /> <br /> “Bride price” is also called “betrothal gift” in ancient times. The traditional marriage is divided into six steps: propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride. These are commonly known as the “six rites”. These rituals were often strictly carried out by aristocrats during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because it was related to their “face”. However, for the average people whose family situation is not ideal, there may not be too much procedure. Most of the ordinary people would try to get some deer skin, or find two wild geese. According to the Book of Rites, except for the bride price, the other five rites can be replaced with wild geese. Thus it can be seen that the ancients made complicated wedding was not for money, but to get a good luck.(Chen Mingpei 2022, 7) So for the rich or poor, bride prices are about the heart, not the amount of wealth. As for the content of betrothal gifts, it is recorded in Etiquette · Shihun as five pieces of black and red cloth and two pieces of deer skin. It can be seen that ancient people paid more attention to the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts.<br /> <br /> In the Han Dynasty, the betrothal gifts began to be complicated, and the “Thirty betrothal gifts” appeared , including sheep, wild geese, white wine, clear rice, etc., symbolizing a golden harvest and not worrying about food and clothing. On this basis, noble families would add gold and silver jewelry to show their status and wealth ability, so the bride price in this period began to focus on economic value.<br /> In the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, instead of becoming more complicated, the content of betrothal gifts was reduced to nine things: dry paint, cotton wool, donkey-hide gelatin, albizia julibrissin, good rice, etc. These objects are symbolic, meaning that the couple is close to each other and family is in harmony. They send people’s good wishes to the marriage. In the Tang Dynasty, wild geese became less and less, and people were not easy to catch them, so later generations replace the wild goose with goose, called “yan’e(雁鹅)”.<br /> <br /> In the Song Dynasty, the requirements for bride price became more interesting. “Witness Record” recorded: “the engagement usually takes tea as the bride price.” Tea has become an indispensable part of the betrothal gifts. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “giving tea”. When the bride receives the betrothal gifts, it is called “eating tea”. When it comes to the wedding day, it is call “gathering tea”. This is the “rite of three tea”. In the Yuan Dynasty, the betrothal gifts had Mongolian cultural characteristics. Cattle, horses and other livestock appeared in the betrothal gifts, which also continued the “rite of three tea” in the Song Dynasty.<br /> <br /> In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts were mostly based on money. “Wedding Magazine” recorded: “sixty-four tael of silver for bride price, eight liang of silver for escorting the bride, four liang of silver for knocking the door, six liang of silver for net increasing of bride price, two liang of silver to the officiator, eight liang of silver for the gift list, and a number of items.” It can be seen that in this period, silver became an important part of the betrothal gifts, and the regulation is 64 taels. Base on the purchasing power, 64 taels of silver equals to 50 thousand yuan today, and it was acceptable for the ordinary family. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, betrothal gifts also included gold and silver jewelry, cakes, liquor and so on.<br /> <br /> Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the content of bride price has changed every decade. In 1950, the Marriage Law has forbidden that people ask for property in marriage, but the custom of bride price is still popular among the people.(Li Feilong 2017, 19) However, the bride price in the early years of China was different from that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1950s, the bride price was called as “four ‘one’ project”, including bed, washbasin, spittoon and hot water kettle.(Li Feilong 2010, 93) By the 1960s, it was “36 legs”, including wardrobe, cabinet, tables, chairs, and bed. Then in the 1970s, the bride price became “three turns and one ring”, including watch, bicycle, sewing machine and tape recorder. In the 1980s, it became the &quot;four big items&quot;, including refrigerator, TV, washing machine and tape recorder. Later came the “new four big items”, including color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner. In the 1990s, as China’s economy developed, wedding photos, wedding rings, bridal gowns and banquets became indispensable. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process and the continuous development of China’s economy, it is understandable for people to pursue higher quality weddings, but nowadays the bride price is more endowed with material meaning, losing the spiritual connotation contained in the bride price itself.(Wang Xiaoke 2018,7)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> Li Xia 李霞.(2008). 民间习俗中的彩礼及其流变[Bride price and its evolution in folk customs]. 民俗研究 Folk Customs Research(03) 253-262.<br /> <br /> Chen Mingpei 陈铭佩.(2022). 民国时期彩礼制度研究[A Study on the Betrothal price System in the Republic of China]. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University 天津师范大学.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2017). 社会变革与婚姻支付：20世纪50-80年代中国农村的彩礼和嫁妆[Social Change and Marriage Payment: Betrothal Gifts and Dowry in Rural China Between 1950s and 1980s]. 古今农业 Ancient and Modern Agriculture (03)19-25.<br /> <br /> Li Feilong李飞龙. (2010). 社会变迁中的中国农村婚姻与家庭研究[A Study of Marriage and Family in Rural China during Social Change]. Beijing: Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C. 中国中央党校.<br /> Wang Xiaoke <br /> <br /> 王笑珂.(2018) 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[The social function change of betrothal price system]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science &amp; Law 西南政法大学.<br /> <br /> == Terms and Expressions ==<br /> <br /> bride price 彩礼<br /> <br /> betrothal gifts 聘礼<br /> <br /> the Book of Rites 礼记<br /> <br /> propose, ask name, divination, send bride price, set a date for the wedding，welcome the bride 纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎<br /> <br /> == Questions ==<br /> <br /> 1.What is “six rites”?<br /> A.propose B.ask name C.divination D.send bride price E.set a date for the wedding F.welcome the bride.<br /> <br /> 2.In ancient time, what did people pay more attention to when they prepare betrothal gifts?<br /> A.money B.good wishes C.jewelry D.the symbolic meaning and connotation of betrothal gifts<br /> <br /> 3.How much money people prepared for bride price in Qing Dynasty?<br /> A.64 taels of silver B.64 taels of gold C.8 taels of silver D.50,000 yuan<br /> <br /> 4.What is in “four big items”?<br /> A.refrigerator B. telephone C.air conditioner D.tape recorder<br /> <br /> == Answers ==<br /> <br /> 1.ABCDEF<br /> <br /> 2.D<br /> <br /> 3.A<br /> <br /> 4.AD<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> ==Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李玮瑶Li Weiyao, 202270081709&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the &quot;classical&quot; basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> ===题目===<br /> ===摘要===<br /> ===关键词===<br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.<br /> ===The Egg===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===The Hen===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> ===References===<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona Muenster: LIT<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李心田Li Xintian, 202270081639&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings have experienced a long and splendid development history. This article is designed to give a general description of various traditional vernacular dwellings across the vast land of China.<br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese vernacular dwellings, Beijing courtyard houses, northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, Fujian earthen houses, Mongolian yurt<br /> ===题目===<br /> 中国传统民居<br /> <br /> ===摘要===<br /> 从中国发现迄今最早的人类栖息地以来，即四五十万年前的龙骨山岩洞，中国传统民居经历了漫长而又辉煌的发展历程。本文旨在对广袤中国大地上种类各异的中国传统民居做一个简要描述。<br /> <br /> ===关键词===<br /> 中国传统民居 北京四合院 西北窑洞 徽派建筑 福建土楼 蒙古包<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings refer to the residences of Chinese ancient common people. The external and internal layouts of these buildings are greatly influenced by local natural environment, the doctrines of yin-yang and five elements, patriarchal ideology and so on. They are also closely linked with daily life of people and a manifestation of Chinese civilization. Across the vast land of China developed a variety of traditional vernacular dwellings with their own distinct styles. For example, Beijing courtyard houses (siheyuan), northwestern cave dwellings, Huizhou dwellings, earthen houses of Fujian, the Mongolian yurt, upland dwellings in Sichuan-Chongqing region, Xinjiang’s Aywang, Tibetan stone houses and the bamboo houses of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) This passage mainly introduce the first five buildings.<br /> ===Beijing Courtyard Houses (Siheyuan)===<br /> The basic layout of Beijing courtyard houses is the courtyard as the core, external entity and internal emptiness as the principal and an axial symmetry characteristic. The main gate of a courtyard house is located at the southeastern corner of the long and narrow building. Within it, all the rooms are assigned to the members of the family according to seniority with the principal rooms for the seniors and the side rooms for the juniors. While the vacant, spacious courtyard can be used as a convenient and comfortable playground. With the development of a family, one or more courtyards can be easily added behind to make more room for living. (Yang Xianmei, 2021, 122, 124, 126)<br /> ===Northwestern Cave Dwellings===<br /> The formation of northwestern cave dwellings is influenced greatly by local natural environment and history. Located at the center of the Loess Plateau, the earth there is proper to dig and to build cave dwellings. Besides, a cave dwelling is inexpensive and easy to construct, making it a priority of the local common people. According to the main constructing materials, cave dwellings can be classified into stone caves, brick caves and earth caves. What is unique is that in front of a cave dwelling is an arch structure where the door and windows are located. Traditional gate is an important way to showcase family image and social status. Therefore, the dwelling owners tended to pay special emphasis on the construction and decoration of the gate. What’s more, the opening direction of the gate has to be in accordance with the birth day and hour of the male owner. Worth mentioning is that kang, a heatable brick bed is an indispensable part of a cave dwelling as well as the local people, forming a special Kang culture. (Li Yanjun, etc. 2022, 22-30)<br /> ===Huizhou Dwellings===<br /> Huizhou dwellings are popular in the regions of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangxi. They also employ the layout of a courtyard house but have two floors. (Cai Yanxin, 2010, 144-165) Besides, they are known for their wood, brick and stone carvings and the decorative and undulating high wall (Horsehead Wall) as well. (Wang Xiaohua, 2012, 41-43)<br /> ===Earthen Houses of Fujian===<br /> Fujian earth building is widely used in Wuyi mountain and is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”. The clay-made building looks like a castle seen from outside while is a peaceful and comfortable living space seen from inside. The overall shape of it can be round, square, pentagon, octagon and so on. The center of an earth building is a large yard used for residents to hold various ceremonies. The fan-shaped rooms are densely located at the periphery of the yard. (Zhang Pengcheng, etc. 2011, 3567-3570)<br /> ===Mongolian Yurt===<br /> Mongolian yurt is the traditional home of nomadic people living in the Mongolian steppes. The wooden lattices compose the cylinder-shaped wall and the wooden toon makes the cone-shaped roof. The roof of the Mongolian yurt symbolizes heaven and the center hole of the roof can work as an exit for smoke evacuation as well as indicate time and season, which are two essential signals for nomadic life. At night, the roof is covered with a felt to retain the heat and prevent it from unwanted weather conditions. As to the inner organization, the front door is usually oriented to the south, facing the sun. In the very center of a Mongolian yurt is the stove used for cooking and heating. On the north side is the most honorable place where shrines, altars, photos of ancestors, sacred objects and other religious articles are placed. Then the residents live around the circle wall according to their status, age and genders. (Benoit Mauvieux, etc. 2014, 151-153)<br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> In conclusion, no matter the great distinctions in the layout and overall design, the various Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings are all a precious gem of Chinese history and a perfect presentation of Chinese people’s intelligence and wisdom.<br /> ===References===<br /> Cai Yanxin 蔡燕歆. (2010). Chinese Architecture Palaces, Gardens, Temples and Dwellings. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press 五洲传播出版社.<br /> Yang Xianmei 杨贤梅. (2021). 中国四合院建筑特色及属性分析 [Analysis of Architectural Features and Attributes of Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards]. 江西建材, 122, 124, 126.<br /> Li Yanjun 李琰君. (2022). 陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析 [An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellingsin Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi]. 西安建筑科技大学学报( 社会科学版)(41), 22-30.<br /> Wang Xiaohua 王小华. (2012). 从徽州文化看徽派建筑 [Dwellings in Huizhou Culture]. 建筑与结构设计, 41-43.<br /> Pengcheng Zhang, Kai Luo &amp; Wenbin Liao. (2011). Study on The Material and The Structure of Earth Building in Fujian. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 3567-3570.<br /> Benoit Mauvieux, Alain Reinberg &amp; Yvan Touitou. (2014). The yurt: A mobile home of nomadic populations dwelling in the Mongolian steppe is still used both as a sun clock and a calendar. Chronobiology International, 151-153.<br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> northwestern cave dwellings西北窑洞 Huizhou dwellings徽派建筑 Fujian Earthen houses福建土楼Mongolian yurt蒙古包 Xinjiang’s Aywang新疆阿旺 birth day and hour生辰八字 kang炕 Horsehead Wall马头墙<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1. What’s the first human habitat found in China till now?<br /> .<br /> A Longgushan Mountain Cave. B Choukoutien Cave. C Yunnan fossil remains. D Shaanxi Sinanthropus lantienensis site.<br /> .<br /> 2. What have greatly influenced the external and internal layouts of Chinese traditional vernacular dwellings?<br /> .<br /> A local natural environment. B the doctrines of yin-yang. C the doctrine of five elements. D patriarchal ideology.<br /> .<br /> 3. The main gate of a courtyard house is located in which corner? <br /> .<br /> A southwest. B southeast. C northeast. D northwest.<br /> .<br /> 4. Which vernacular dwelling is known as “the only one on the world, fabulous mountain building model”? <br /> .<br /> A Beijing courtyard houses. B northwestern cave dwellings. C Huizhou dwellings. D Fujian earthen houses.<br /> .<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ABCD<br /> .<br /> 3. B<br /> .<br /> 4. D<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> ==Corrupt Customs in Ancient China==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李彦 Li Yan, 202270081691&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Every country has its own corrupt customs, and China is no exception. In ancient China, there were many corrupt customs in society that seriously imprisoned human thought and freedom, and also reflected the backwardness of the old society from the side. This chapter introduces ancient Chinese corrupt customs such as foot-binding, child brides, ghost weddings and the social harm brought by these corrupt customs.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Corrupt customs, ancient china, influence<br /> <br /> ===Foot-binding===<br /> It is also known as the folklore of foot-binding. Since the Song Dynasty, when feudalism flourished in China, women began to live deep in their chambers, and so many traditional customs began to proliferate. Su Dongpo has a poem called “The double feet are stuck side by side, and it is difficult to tell how delicate they are, they must be seen from the palm of the hand”. (Chen Mingdi 2022, 80) Later on, Qin Shaoyou has a poem that reads, “The shoes on my feet are four inches long”. It is clear that in the mid-Song period, small feet had become an expression of the morbid aesthetic of the upper classes. It was probably from this period that foot-binding began to spread to the people, but this took some time, and until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, foot-binding women were still a social minority. In other words, it was not until the middle and end of the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty that there were small-footed shoe shops in Bianjing.<br /> The foot-binding custom became widespread, naturally, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the theory of Cheng Ying Zhu Xi was widely disseminated, and with the aesthetic changes in society, the foot-binding of women became a feudal custom accepted and followed by society at large. (Liu Yuting, Jiang Yanglin, Wu Huimin, He Biao 2021, 204) A large number of bow shoes were unearthed during the Southern Song Dynasty, generally around fourteen centimetres long and five centimetres wide. In a large number of folk paintings from the Southern Song Dynasty, the feet of women are mostly small, so it is clear that foot binding was widely practised. During the Yuan Dynasty, as foot-binding continued to develop, the view that it was shameful not to wrap one's feet began to emerge, resulting in the Ming Dynasty, when foot-binding became a bad habit that women had to follow, and all sectors of society, regardless of respectability, took small feet as beautiful, and the saying “three inch golden lotus” took root in people’s hearts.<br /> When the Qing dynasty was first established, the Manchu dynasty explicitly forbade foot-binding for women, but as it was difficult to reverse the long-standing folklore and the social trend was bound by the science, it was not until the late Qing dynasty, with the influx of Western ideas, that the foot-binding trend was lifted among the upper classes and intellectuals. However, this was a long process and it took decades to completely reverse the morbid folk aesthetic. In the early years of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen also explicitly banned foot-binding, but with little success among the people.<br /> <br /> ===Child Brides===<br /> Child brides were girls raised by their in-laws and married when they reached adulthood. China has a long history of child brides. As a result of the development of productive forces, men gradually became dominant in production and took control of social wealth. The “child bride” can be considered a derivative of this phenomenon. Child brides were very popular in ancient times, when society was poor and backward, and the production level of the people was particularly low, and many could not even ensure normal food, clothing and housing. In order to provide for the normal life of the family, many poor families sold their girls to large families, or to those richer than themselves, in exchange for food. (Pan Jun 2021, 107) Because of the ancient practice of monogamy and multiple concubinage, the man who took a child bride as a concubine was able to take a wife when she became an adult, and for this reason child brides became a normal part of life for the wealthier families in ancient society. There were also poor families who could not afford to marry and would buy child brides for their sons, often choosing to buy the daughters of poorer families so that in the future they would not have to spend money on banquets or bride price for their in-laws. These child brides were abandoned at an early age and forced to leave their parents, but to be honest it was not entirely without its benefits, at least they did not have to freeze and starve in their original homes. (Zhu Xiaohui 2021) When they are bought, they become a member of someone else's family after signing a contract and are at the disposal of their in-laws. Of course, there are two kinds of treatment after being sold. If they are sold to an ordinary family, the family has an additional mouth to feed, and they have to behave like servants, not only doing household chores all day long, but also taking care of their young husbands, and at the age of eight or nine they have to get up every morning and cook for the family.<br /> <br /> ===Ghost Marriage===<br /> Ghost marriages are for people who have died to find a spouse. Some young boys and girls die before they are married. At that time, the old people believe that if the marriage is not consummated for him or her, his or her ghost will be haunted and make the family uncomfortable. Therefore, it was necessary to hold a marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together as husband and wife, with the bones being buried together. It is also important to avoid the appearance of a lonely grave in the grave of both the man and the woman.<br /> In the old days, people were superstitious about the so-called “feng shui”（风水） of graveyards, believing that the presence of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the family's future generations. (Su Xiao 2021) At that time, some &quot;feng shui masters&quot; (the ancient name for “geomancy”) tried their best to encourage this kind of marriage in order to make a few more dollars. These marriages usually took place in the homes of noblemen or wealthy families, while poor families generally did not engage in such activities.<br /> The marriage has been practised since the pre-Qin period. They were banned because they were a drain on society and were meaningless. The Rites of Zhou says: &quot;It is forbidden to move the funeral and marry the dead.&quot;<br /> During the Song dynasty, the most prevalent marriage was underworld. According to Kang Youzhi’s “Yesterday’s Dream”, where unmarried men and women died, their parents must entrust “ghost matchmakers” to talk about marriage, and then divination, divination in the allowed marriage, each for the ghost to make the underworld clothes, held a joint marriage ceremony, the male and female and bones buried together.<br /> In the Qing Dynasty, this custom of women being buried together was still prevalent as the concept of chastity was strengthened. It was not until the late Qing dynasty that feudal rituals faded under the impact of Western spiritual civilization.<br /> In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, in Beijing and Tianjin, there were still remnants of the custom of ghost marriages, and individual families held “happy events” where the dead were married to the dead, called “bone and corpse”, and men and women were in-laws, called “bone and corpse relatives”. (Ying Yue 2021, 59) The man and the woman are inseparable, called “bone and corpse marriage”. In the early years, the wedding ceremony was mostly held at night. Sometimes, when people were sleeping peacefully, they were suddenly woken up by drums and music in the streets and alleys. A paper palanquin is carried, with a single drum, a single horn and a single suona playing in front of it. Some do not use this form, but still use the eight-legged palanquin, with a full share of golden lantern deacon, and originally only a picture of a woman was married. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> A closer look at foot binding, child brides and ghost marriage. All three of the corrupt customs introduced in this section are closely related to Chinese women and all are bound to women in some way. As the old Chinese society was characterised by a strong belief in the superiority of men over women, women were seen as subordinate to men, and as a result, most of these practices were disrespectful to women and caused irreversible damage to their bodies and minds. Because of space constraints, there are many other corrupt customs that cannot be cited, so I have only listed a few that I think are representative. In short, we should fight for women's legal rights, make men and women equal, and let the corrupt customs that are no longer in line with the progress and development of the times completely disappear from China.<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1]陈鸣镝.论冯骥才《三寸金莲》中的缠足恶俗[J].名作欣赏,2022(17):80-82.<br /> [2]刘雨婷,蒋杨林,吴慧民,何标.缠足对女性足部形态的影响研究[J].当代体育科技,2021,11(35):204-206+211.DOI:10.16655/j.cnki.2095-2813.2103-1579-9727.<br /> [3]潘珺.从童养媳视角出发看女性对自由追求[J].芒种,2022(11):107-109.<br /> [4]朱小慧. 清代童养媳法律地位研究[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001643.<br /> [5]苏晓. 配冥婚中的规范与秩序[D].西南政法大学,2021.DOI:10.27422/d.cnki.gxzfu.2021.001199.<br /> [6]应悦.论冥婚现象的刑法规制[J].西部学刊,2021(11):59-62.DOI:10.16721/j.cnki.cn61-1487/c.2021.11.017.<br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> Foot-binding缠足<br /> Three inch golden lotus三寸金莲<br /> bow shoes弓鞋<br /> Child bride 童养媳<br /> Ghost marriage冥婚<br /> The Rites of Zhou 《周礼》<br /> Yesterday's Dream 《昨梦录》<br /> ghost matchmakers 鬼媒人<br /> bone and corpse marriage 尸骨亲<br /> Single-drum 单鼓<br /> Single horn 单号<br /> Single suona 单唢呐<br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.“The three-inch golden lotus refers to what corrupt customs in ancient China?” <br /> A. Pawing wife B. Child brides C. Foot-binding D. Ghost marriage<br /> 2. when was foot-binding banned?<br /> A. During the Southern Song Dynasty B. During the Qing Dynasty <br /> C. During the early years of the Republic D. After the liberation of New China<br /> 3. What does a child bride mean? <br /> A. A girl who was raised by her in-laws and married when she reached adulthood <br /> B. Anormal marriage when she reached adulthood <br /> C. A wedding after death <br /> D. A marriage arranged by her parents<br /> 4. From what period of time did the marriage of ghost marriage to appear?<br /> A. In the Qing Dynasty B. In the Ming Dynasty C. In the pre-Qin Dynasty D. In the Republic of China<br /> ===Answers===<br /> 1.C<br /> 2.D<br /> 3.A<br /> 4.C<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Introduction to the ''Lanting Xu''==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李梓玉 Li Ziyu, 202270081640&lt;/center&gt;<br /> <br /> === Abstract ===<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> <br /> === Key Words ===<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> <br /> === 题目 ===<br /> <br /> === 摘要 ===<br /> <br /> === 关键词 ===<br /> <br /> === Introduction ===<br /> <br /> The Lanting Xu, also known as the Lantingji Xu, is written in Chinese characters as &quot;兰亭序 / 兰亭集序&quot;. The character &quot;Lanting&quot; refers to a pavilion called &quot;Orchid&quot; which was located in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province, and the character &quot;Xu&quot; means preface. It is a work of calligraphy and literature by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher and writer during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. The text of the Lanting Xu is of great importance in Chinese literature, and its script is widely regarded as &quot;the best running-style script in the history of Chinese calligraphy.&quot; Over the past 1,600 plus years, the study of the classic piece of work Lanting Xu has gone far beyond the field of calligraphy and has gradually developed into an independent discipline &quot;lantingology&quot;; it has long been an important part of China's traditional history and culture. (He Laisheng 2015, 3)<br /> <br /> === the Origin of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Literature Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === the Aesthetic Merit of the ''Lanting Xu'' ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === Conclusion ===<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> <br /> === References ===<br /> He Laisheng 何来胜. (2016). 《兰亭序》及其书法文化意义 [The Lanting Xu and its Calligraphic and Cultural Significance]. Hangzhou: China Academy of Art 中国美术学院, PhD dissertation.<br /> <br /> === Terms and Expressions ===<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> <br /> === Questions ===<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> <br /> === Answers ===<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Superstition in Numerals==<br /> &lt;center&gt;刘丛领Liu Congling, 202270081642&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.<br /> <br /> ===Key Words===<br /> Chinese Superstition, Numerals<br /> <br /> ===introduction===<br /> Superstition in numerals are a rather common phenomenon all over the world. For example, people in Christian culture detest the number 13 and 666, viewing them as the signs of the devils. However, in China, the number 666 is a good sign for most people, for which some even spend loads of money on a car plate with such a number. To have a better understanding of Chinese cultures requires a holistic acquaintance with the connotation of Chinese numerals.<br /> <br /> ===Zero===<br /> The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.<br /> <br /> ===One===<br /> The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.<br /> <br /> ===Two===<br /> The number 2 (二,  pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: &quot;good things come in pairs&quot;. It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).<br /> <br /> ===Three===<br /> The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means &quot;to live&quot; or &quot;life&quot; so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death).<br /> On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means &quot;to split&quot; or &quot;to separate&quot; or &quot;to part ways&quot; or &quot;to break up with&quot; so it is a bad number too.<br /> <br /> ===Four===<br /> The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word &quot;death&quot; (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors. [1]<br /> <br /> ===Five===<br /> The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like &quot;me&quot; in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) <br /> 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like &quot;my life&quot; in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) <br /> 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like &quot;my death&quot; in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) <br /> 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like &quot;me prosper&quot; in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) <br /> Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.[2]<br /> <br /> ===Six===<br /> The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;slick&quot; or &quot;smooth&quot; (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.<br /> <br /> ===Seven===<br /> The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;even&quot; in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like &quot;arise&quot; (起, pinyin: qǐ) and &quot;life essence&quot; (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a &quot;ghost month&quot;. It also sounds like &quot;to deceive&quot; (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin. <br /> <br /> ===Eight===<br /> The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like &quot;發&quot; (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy').<br /> The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky.<br /> Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.[3]<br /> <br /> ===Nine===<br /> The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like &quot;long lasting&quot; (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.[4]<br /> <br /> Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. &quot;Nine&quot;, which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the &quot;ultimate masculine&quot; and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number &quot;nine&quot; (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.[5]<br /> <br /> The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.<br /> <br /> The number &quot;nine&quot; was sometimes combined with &quot;five&quot; to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the &quot;game of nine&quot; is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.[6]<br /> <br /> ===Combinations===<br /> 514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要死&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ;  'I want to die').<br /> <br /> 168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like &quot;一路发&quot; (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning &quot;fortune all the way&quot;.<br /> <br /> 7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;气死我了&quot; (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning &quot;to make me angry&quot; or &quot;to piss me off&quot;.<br /> <br /> 9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like &quot;九死一生&quot; (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).<br /> <br /> 1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like &quot;一生一世&quot; (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì;  'one life one lifetime') meaning &quot;forever&quot; and is often used romantically.<br /> <br /> 520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to &quot;我爱你&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').<br /> <br /> 5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我爱你一生一世&quot; (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì;  'I love you a lifetime').<br /> <br /> 748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;去死吧&quot; (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').<br /> <br /> 518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like &quot;我要发&quot; (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means &quot;I am going to prosper&quot;.<br /> <br /> ===Conclusion===<br /> Arithmophobia is a common phenomenon across the world. To know more about the differences between the West and China is essential to bridge the cultural gaps during intercultural communication. For example, fear of 666 (hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia) i widespread in Western cultures, and the book of Revelation in the Bible lists 666 as the “number of the beast”, while in China 666 is a sign of auspiciousness. To have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of Chinese numerals can not only avoid cultural shock but also boost cultural exchanges.[7]<br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> [1] &quot;Australian New Business Visa Subclasses&quot;. Australian Department of Home Affairs. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 14 August 2019.<br /> <br /> [2] &quot;China's 'lucky' phone number&quot;. BBC News. 2003-08-13. Retrieved 24 December 2013<br /> <br /> [3]李锦全.无“4”要“8”是传统心理吗?——关于数字迷信问题的思考[J].科学与无神论,2004(03):26-27.<br /> <br /> [4]王瑞良.不吉利数字:迷信还是科学?[J].青少年科技博览(中学版),2007(Z1):26-27.<br /> <br /> [5]McKinney L. Arithmophobia: symptoms, causes and treatments[J].<br /> <br /> [6]常俊跃.《中国文化》[M].2016：112-113.<br /> <br /> [7]Wegrocki H J. A case of number phobia[J]. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 1938, 19: 97-99.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Terms and Expressions===<br /> atheist 无神论者<br /> <br /> Singles' Day 双十一；单身节<br /> <br /> the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）<br /> <br /> the Forbidden City 紫禁城<br /> <br /> ghost month 鬼月（七月）<br /> <br /> the Temple of Confucius 孔庙<br /> <br /> the Temple of Heaven 天坛<br /> <br /> Arithmophobia 数字恐惧症<br /> <br /> hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia 666恐惧症<br /> <br /> ===Questions===<br /> 1.When is the Chinese ghost month?<br /> A.July B.June C. September D. August<br /> <br /> 2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held?<br /> A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008<br /> <br /> 3.What does “58” mean?<br /> A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life<br /> <br /> 4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China?<br /> A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil<br /> <br /> ===Answers===<br /> B C B B</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Goldbank_Englisch_1&diff=153162 Goldbank Englisch 1 2022-12-28T14:32:27Z <p>Li Hong: /* 李鸿 Li Hong */</p> <hr /> <div>==Part 4c==<br /> <br /> <br /> ====白婷 Bai Ting====<br /> <br /> <br /> 物研究所牵头，研究将在金银潭医院等多家临床一线接诊新型 冠状病毒感染肺炎患者的医院中进行，拟入组761例患者，采 用随机、双盲、安慰剂对照方法展开。<br /> 在科技部、国家卫健委、国家药监局等多部门支持下，抗 病毒药物瑞德西韦很快完成临床试验的注册审批工作，第一批 病例入组工作也已就位。<br /> 2月6日，首批新冠病毒感染的肺炎重症患者接受用药， 首位用药者是金银潭医院收治的一位68岁的男性重症患者。<br /> 探索利用康复期血浆“免疫性治疗”<br /> <br /> Under the leadership of the Institute of Physical Sciences, the study will be carried out in many clinical front-line hospitals, such as Jinyintan Hospital, which receives patients with novel coronavirus infection pneumonia. Seven hundred sixty-one patients are proposed to be enrolled in the study, and they will be randomized, double-blind, and placebo controlled. With the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Health Commission, the State Food and Drug Administration, and other departments, the registration and approval of the clinical trial of the antiviral drug Remdesivir was soon completed, and the first batch of cases was enrolled. On February 6, the first batch of severe pneumonia patients infected with COVID-19 received drugs. The first drug was a 68-year-old male severe patient admitted to Jinyintan Hospital, who was treated with plasma &quot;immune therapy&quot; during rehabilitation.<br /> <br /> ====蔡思 Cai Si====<br /> <br /> 2月13日，张定宇在湖北省新冠肺炎疫情防控指挥部召开 的第23次新闻发布会上发出呼吁：“康复期患者，请伸出您的 胳膊，捐献宝贵的血浆，共同拯救还在与病魔作斗争的患者。”<br /> “康复后的患者体内有大量中和抗体，可以抵抗新型冠 状病毒。”张定宇介绍说，在缺乏疫苗和特效治疗药物的前 提下，采用这种特免血浆制品治疗新冠病毒感染是较为有效 的方法。“康复者捐献的血浆，会经过一系列处理，得到一 个相对纯化的对抗新冠病毒中和抗体，用于新冠肺炎危重患 者的治疗。”<br /> 专家认为，从临床病理发生过程看，大部分新冠肺炎患者 经过治疗康复后，身体内会产生针对新冠病毒的特异性抗体， 可杀灭和清除病毒。<br /> 金银潭医院配合相关研究团队立即开展了康复期患者血浆 的釆集工作。<br /> <br /> ====陈婧 Chen Jing====<br /> <br /> 捐献血浆必须符合三项条件：一、年龄在18—60周岁之 间；二、确诊感染过新型冠状病毒（核酸检测阳性）；三、 病愈出院一周以上。<br /> 金银潭医院在门诊部二楼设立采血机构。捐献者经过电话 <br /> <br /> 2020年2月18日，张定宇的夫人程琳来到金银潭医院,捐献了 400毫升血浆。 （新华社发 武汉市金银潭医院供图）<br /> <br /> 预约到医院后，先进行身份登记并填写健康征询表及知情同意 书，再进行健康状况问诊、血液检查，经最后确认后，每人采 集血量在200—40。毫升之间，采血完成后，向献血者发放一 定数额的经济补偿。<br /> 张定宇在发布会上发出呼吁后，社会广泛关注。<br /> 2月13日晚，中国生物技术股份有限公司、武汉市血液中 心也联合向新冠肺炎康复者发出献血倡议书，并在湖北省人民 医院开放爱心献血屋。<br /> <br /> ====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 从第二天开始，就有不少康复者来电咨询，表示支持金银 潭医院的这项研究。<br /> 金银潭医院将这一方法很快用于4个重症患者的治疗。<br /> 4个患者的病情都有好转。从整体来看，患者自我感觉喘 气等症状减缓了，精神状态、食欲都有提升；从指标上看，血 氧饱和度比以前稳定些，淋巴细胞的绝对值也得到了提升。<br /> “这类指标对患者康复是很重要的参考。”但张定宇提醒说, 采用特免血浆制品治疗的方式并不是“灵丹妙药”，最终战胜 病魔更多的还是要靠患者自身的免疫力。这种治疗主要是给患 者一个喘息的机会，使病情往好的方向发展，同时也给医生抢 救危重患者赢得更多的时间。<br /> 已于1月29日康复出院的张定宇的夫人程琳，也来到金银 潭医院捐献了 400毫升血浆。 <br /> 首例遗体解剖完成并送检<br /> Since the next day, many patients called in support of the study.<br /> Jinyintan Hospital soon used this method to treat four seriously ill patients. All of them showed improvement. On the whole, patients felt that their symptoms, such as wheezing, were reduced, and their mental state and appetite were improved. In terms of indicators, blood oxygen saturation was more stable than before, and the absolute value of lymphocytes was also increased. &quot;Such indicators are important references for patients' recovery.&quot; But Zhang Dingyu cautioned that the use of special plasma products was not a &quot;panacea&quot;, and ultimately the recovery of disease more depended on the patient's own immunity. This kind of treatment was mainly to give the patient a chance to breathe, making the condition progress toward a better direction, but also help doctors to fight for critically ill patients more time. Zhang Dingyu's wife Cheng Lin, who was discharged from hospital on January 29, also donated 400 ml of blood plasma to Jinyintan Hospital. The first autopsy was completed and submitted for examination.<br /> <br /> ==Part 4d==<br /> <br /> <br /> ====陈思阳 Chen Siyang==== <br /> <br /> <br /> 对于一种致人死亡的新型疾病，遗体解剖对掌握其病理 意义重大。解剖新冠肺炎死亡者遗体，对于探索新冠肺炎患 者临床的病理改变、疾病机制等有重大帮助，能从根本上探 究新冠肺炎的致病性、致死性，给临床抢救和治疗危重症患 者提供依据。<br /> 实际上，新冠肺炎疫情暴发后的一个多月里，有关方面一 直呼吁对死亡病例进行病理解剖。但由于新冠肺炎属烈性传染 病，解剖风险过高，加上国内少有针对甲级传染病、达到P3 级生物实验室标准的病理解剖实验室，使得相关工作迟迟难以 落实。<br /> 国际上根据生物安全的防护等级将生物实验室分为四级： Pl、P2、P3和P4实验室。P是Protection的缩写，其中1级 的防护级别最低，4级最高。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====<br /> <br /> <br /> 在国家法律政策允许下，并征得患者家属同意，2月15日 深夜，华中科技大学同济医学院法医病理学专家来到金银潭医 院，在金银潭的医护人员配合下，开始了全国第一例新冠肺炎 遗体解剖工作。<br /> <br /> Permitted by national laws and policies and with the consent of the patients' families, late on the night of Feb. 15, forensic pathology experts from Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology came to Jinyintan Hospital. With the cooperation of medical staff from Jinyintan Hospital, they began the autopsy of the first human corpse dying of COVID-19 in China.<br /> <br /> Permitted by national laws and policies and with the consent of the patients' families, late on the night of February 15, forensic pathology experts from Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology came to Jinyintan Hospital. With the cooperation of medical staff of Jinyintan Hospital, they began the autopsy of the first human corpse dying of COVID-19 in China.<br /> <br /> 由于整个湖北都没有专门的负压解剖室，金银潭医院临时 腾出一间负压手术室用来做解剖工作。<br /> <br /> Since there is no special negative pressure dissection room in Hubei province, Jinyintan Hospital temporarily vacated a negative pressure operating room for dissection work.<br /> <br /> As there is no special negative pressure dissection room in Hubei province, Jinyintan Hospital temporarily vacated a negative pressure operating room for dissection.<br /> <br /> 解剖从16日凌晨1点开始，4点结束，休息两个小时后 展开讨论；上午11点，第二例病理解剖工作敲定,下午4点开始, 6点半结束……不到18个小时，即完成两例病理解剖，并于当 日送检。<br /> <br /> On Feb. 16, the autopsy began at 1 a.m. and ended at 4 a.m., and discussion began after a two-hour break; at 11 a.m., the second pathological autopsy was finalized, starting at 4 p.m., finishing at 6:30 p.m.... In less than 18 hours, the two cases were completed and submitted for examination that day.<br /> <br /> The autopsy began at 1 a.m. and ended at 4 a.m. on February 16, and the discussion began after a two-hour break; at 11 a.m., the second pathological autopsy was finalized, starting at 4 p.m., and ending at 6:30 p.m.... In less than 18 hours, two cases of pathological autopsy were completed and submitted for examination that day.<br /> <br /> 首战告捷，随后的几例遗体解剖工作开展得也是格外顺利： 2月17日下午5点，第三例病理解剖；紧接着，第四例……2 月22日，是解剖团队最为忙碌的一天，“24小时之内做了五 例解剖”。 <br /> <br /> After a successful first battle, subsequent autopsies went exceptionally smoothly: at 5 p.m. on Feb. 17, they did the third pathological autopsy; then, the fourth... Feb. 22 was the team's busiest day, &quot;five autopsies were done in 24 hours.&quot;<br /> <br /> After a successful first battle, the subsequent autopsies was carried out exceptionally smoothly: at 5 p.m. on February 17, they did the third pathological autopsy; then, the fourth... February 22 was the team's busiest day, &quot;five autopsies were done within 24 hours.&quot;<br /> <br /> 中医武汉抗疫临床发挥重要作用。<br /> <br /> TCM plays a significant role in fighting against the pandemic in Wuhan.<br /> <br /> TCM（Traditional Chinese Medicine） plays a significant role in fighting against the pandemic in Wuhan.<br /> <br /> ====丁粤 Ding Yue====<br /> <br /> <br /> 2月3日，武汉市金银潭医院首批以中医药或中西医结合方式治愈的新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎患者出院。<br /> <br /> On February 3rd, the first batch of novel coronavirus infected pneumonia patients in the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city who were cured by traditional Chinese medicine or integrated traditional and western medicine were discharged.<br /> <br /> On February 3rd, the first batch of novel coronavirus infected pneumonia patients in the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city were discharged,who were cured by traditional Chinese medicine or integrated traditional and western medicine.(Fu Jing)<br /> <br /> 这批出院的患者共有8名，包括6名女性、2名男性，其中重症6例、轻症2例，最大年龄68岁，最小年龄26岁。中医中药参与治疗后，患者呼吸困难、乏力、口干口苦、胸闷、 腹泻等症状明显改善，精神状态也明显好转。<br /> <br /> There were 8 patients discharged from the hospital, including 6 women and 2 men. Among them, 6 patients were with severe symptoms and 2 patients were with mild symptoms. The oldest patient was 68 years old，while the youngest patient was 26 years old. After the treatment with traditional Chinese medicine, the symptoms of the patients such as dyspnea, fatigue, dry mouth and bitter mouth, chest tightness and diarrhea were significantly improved, as well as their mental state.<br /> <br /> There were 8 patients discharged from the hospital, including 6 women and 2 men. Among them, 6 patients were with severe symptoms and 2 patients were with mild symptoms. The oldest patient was 68 years old，while the youngest patient was 26 years old. After the treatment with traditional Chinese medicine, the symptoms of the patients such as dyspnea, fatigue, dry mouth and bitter mouth, chest tightness and diarrhea were significantly improved, as well as their mental state.(Fu Jing)<br /> <br /> 1月28日，国家中医药管理局应对新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎联防联控工作专家组组长、中国工程院院士黄璐琦带领北京西苑医院和广安门医院医疗团队支援武汉市金银潭医院，对这 批患者采用中西医结合、辨证治疗。出院时，金银潭医院赠送了每位患者2周用量的中药调理药剂，并嘱咐他们适当增强运动、合理饮食，以加速身体恢复。<br /> <br /> On January 28th, Huang Luqi, the leader of the expert group of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine on joint prevention and control of pneumonia caused by infection with novel coronavirus and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, led the medical teams of Beijing Xiyuan Hospital and Guang'anmen Hospital to support the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city, and used integrated traditional and western medicine and syndrome differentiation treatment for these patients. When these patients were discharged, Jinyintan Hospital presented each patient with a 2-week dose of Chinese herbal medicine conditioning agent, and instructed them to properly enhance exercise and eat reasonable food to speed up their recovery.<br /> <br /> On January 28th, Huang Luqi, the leader of the expert group of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine on joint prevention and control of pneumonia caused by infection with novel coronavirus and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, led the medical teams of Beijing Xiyuan Hospital and Guang'anmen Hospital to support the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city, and used integrated traditional and western medicine and syndrome differentiation treatment for these patients. When these patients were discharged, Jinyintan Hospital presented each patient with a 2-week dose of Chinese herbal medicine conditioning agent, and instructed them to properly enhance exercise and eat reasonable food to speed up their recovery.(Fu Jing)<br /> <br /> 3月2日，新华社播发记者廖君、黎昌政在武汉抗击疫情 第一线采写的报道，称中医经验方在减轻发热咳嗽症状、控制 病情进展、提升人体免疫力方面有独特优势。<br /> 报道说，新冠肺炎疫情发生后，全国中医药系统医疗队员 3350人、5支国家中医医疗队739名医务人员驰援武汉，进驻 武汉市金银潭医院、湖北省中西医结合医院、雷神山医院救治 患者，同时在武汉市江夏区整建制托管大花山方舱医院，收治 患者416人，开展中医药特色救治。<br /> <br /> On March 2nd, Xinhua News Agency broadcast a report written by reporters Liao Jun and Li Changzheng on the front line of the fight against the epidemic in Wuhan, saying that traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in relieving fever and cough symptoms, controlling disease progress, and improving human immunity.<br /> It was reported that after the occurrence of the COVID-19, 3350 medical personnel from the national TCM（Traditional Chinese Medicine）system and 739 medical personnel from five national TCM medical teams came to support Wuhan. They were stationed in the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Hubei province, and Leishen Mountain Hospital to treat patients. At the same time, they received and treated 416 patients and carried out characteristic cure with traditional Chinese medicine in Dahuashan mobile cabin hospital, which was restructured and entrusted in Jiangxia District of Wuhan city.<br /> <br /> On March 2nd, Xinhua News Agency broadcast a report written by reporters Liao Jun and Li Changzheng on the front line of the fight against the epidemic in Wuhan, saying that traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in relieving fever and cough symptoms, controlling disease progress, and improving human immunity.<br /> It was reported that after the occurrence of the COVID-19, 3350 medical personnel from the national TCM（Traditional Chinese Medicine）system and 739 medical personnel from five national TCM medical teams came to support Wuhan. They were stationed in the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Hubei province, and Leishen Mountain Hospital to treat patients. At the same time, they received and treated 416 patients and carried out characteristic cure with traditional Chinese medicine in Dahuashan mobile cabin hospital, which was restructured and entrusted in Jiangxia District of Wuhan city.(Fu Jing)<br /> <br /> ==Part 4e==<br /> <br /> <br /> ====付静 Fu Jing====<br /> <br /> “中医药早期介入干预，稳定人心，减少新发患者，从源头上防控疫情蔓延发挥了作用。”湖北省卫健委中医综合处负责人介绍说，仅武汉市面向集中隔离观察点隔离人员和有需求 的居家密切接触者，发放中药汤剂近32.1万人份，发放中成药 24.8万人份，隔离人员基本做到中药应服尽服。<br /> <br /> &quot;The early intervention of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played a role in reassuring people, reducing new patients and preventing the spread of the epidemic from the source.&quot; According to the head of TCM general office of Hubei Provincial Health Commission, in Hubei, all infected people isolated in centralized isolation of observation points and close contacts in home quarantine have been distributed nearly 321,000 portions of TCM decoction, and 248,000 Chinese patent medicine, with all isolated people in need basically taking TCM. <br /> <br /> 湖北还以方舱医院为重点，推动中医药全面参与治疗。16 个方舱医院累计收治病例11740人，同步配送中药汤剂和金花 清感胶囊等4种中成药，中药使用率99.93%。在14家定点医疗机构的重症、危重症患者中，也强化中医药全程参与。<br /> Hubei also focuses on shelter hospitals to promote the full participation of TCM in treatment. A total of 11,740 cases were admitted to 16 shelter hospitals, and 4 kinds of Chinese patent medicines including traditional Chinese medicine decoction and Jinhua Qinggan capsule were distributed simultaneously, with the utilization rate of traditional Chinese medicine reaching 99.93%. Among the severe and critically ill patients in 14 designated medical institutions, participation of traditional Chinese medicine in whole treatment process has been strengthened.<br /> <br /> <br /> 2020年2月25日，在江夏方舱医院，湖南中医药大学第一附属医院护士长涂丽准备为新冠肺炎患者实施中医耳穴压豆治疗。武汉江夏方舱是武汉首个以中医院运转模式来迸行临床治疗、管理的方舱医院。医疗团队由釆白多个省份中医院的数百名医护人员组成。（新华社记者 沈伯韩 摄）<br /> On February 25, 2020, in Jiangxia Square Cabin Hospital, the head nurse of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tu Li, was prepared to carry out traditional Chinese medicine ear acupoint bean pressing treatment for patients with COVID-19 patients. Jiangxia shelter is the first shelter hospital in Wuhan to carry out clinical treatment and management in the operation mode of traditional Chinese medicine hospital. The medical team consists of hundreds of medical staff from traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in many provinces.(Photographed by Shen Bohan, reporter of Xinhua Agency)<br /> <br /> ====高燕 Gao Yan====<br /> <br /> 1月25日，61岁的钱先生因持续高热、呼吸困难被送到湖 北省中医院光谷院区急诊科，随后确诊为新冠肺炎，由于基础 疾病多，病情发展快，曾先后两次被宣告病危。<br /> 钱先生后经湖北省中医院急诊科主任李刚副教授团队进行 十多天中西医结合治疗和调理，于2月17日康复出院。<br /> 李刚说：“中医药治疗贯穿钱先生治疗全病程。根据不同 病程，开具’肺炎2号’’肺炎3号’’肺炎4号’和’肺炎5号' 方。他能转危为安，中医药发挥了重要作用。”<br /> 68岁的重症患者霍先生与钱先生同一天出院。两人病程发 展有所不同，治疗过程中，中药使用也略有差异。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> On January 25,61-year-old Mr. Qian was sent to the emergency department in the Guanggu district of Hospital of Hubei Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine due to persistent high fever and dyspnea. Later, he was diagnosed with COVID-19. Due to many underlying conditions and rapid development of the disease, he was declared to be terminally ill twice. After more than ten days of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment and conditioning by the team of associate professor Li Gang, director of the emergency department of Hubei Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mr. Qian recovered and was discharged from the hospital on February 17. Li Gang said: &quot;Chinese medicine treatment is intergrated with the whole course of treatment of Mr. Qian. Prescriptions of &quot;pneumonia No.2,&quot;&quot;pneumonia No.3,&quot;&quot;pneumonia No.4&quot; and &quot;pneumonia No.5&quot; were prescribed according to different courses of disease. He was able to turn the corner, and Chinese medicine played an important role.&quot; Mr. Huo, a 68-year-old critically ill patient, was discharged from the hospital on the same day as Mr. Qian. The course of disease of the two people is different, and the use of traditional Chinese medicine is also slightly different during the treatment.<br /> <br /> ====关娜 Guan Na====<br /> <br /> 霍先生入院后，是先采用抗感染的西药，控制炎症反应， 再用中药对症调理的。<br /> 湖北省中医院肺病五科负责人冯毅说，中医药参与治疗， 能促进肺部病灶吸收，减少甚至解决肺组织损伤、肺纤维化等 并发症和后遗症。目前，随访出院患者，均反馈病情稳定且在 逐步康复中。<br /> 相关统计数据显示，湖北确诊病例中医药使用率为 88.93%o截至2月28日24时，全省43家定点中医医院累计 收治确诊病例7246 A,中医药使用率为97.71%，患者发烧、 乏力、咳嗽等症状和影像学表现均明显改善。<br /> 张伯礼等3位院士领导的团队，在武汉临床研究初步结果 也表明，中西医结合总体疗效，明显优于单纯西药治疗。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Part 5==<br /> <br /> ====郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 中西医协同作战成效显著<br /> 金银潭医院是最早尝试中西医结合抢救重症患者和治疗轻 症患者的医院。<br /> 1月25日，大年初一，国家中医药局组织中国中医科学院 广安门医院、中国中医科学院西苑医院中医专家组成25人的医 疗队，赶赴湖北省武汉市新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎防疫一线参 与防治工作。<br /> 医疗队由国家中医药局副局长闫树江带队，中国中医科 学院院长黄璐琦院士领队，广安门医院和西苑医院各派出呼 吸科、急诊科、ICU等科室的6名医师和4名护士，携N95 口罩、手术衣以及部分中药等物资，乘火车前往武汉，提供 中医医疗援助。<br /> 此前，由中国科学院院士、中国中医科学院首席研究员 仝小林，广东省中医院副院长张忠德，中国中医科学院西苑 医院呼吸科主任苗青，首都医科大学附属北京中医医院呼吸 科主任兼肺病研究室主任王玉光组成的高级别中医专家组已 经抵达武汉。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====<br /> <br /> <br /> 出发前，黄璐琦就做了充足准备：研读疫情有关报道和科 研文章，分析非典期间中医药发挥的优势和特色，梳理治疗方 案；组建医疗队，培训呼吸科、急诊科、ICU等科室的医务人员； 协调沟通武汉医务人员，了解武汉情况，准备防护物资。<br /> 金银潭医院是抗疫的最前沿和主战场之一。在该院坚持中 西医结合，推动中医药全面参与治疗，搭建一个中医药的保障 平台，积极完善中西医结合诊疗方案，对于抗击疫情有着重要 作用。<br /> 1月29日，经过连续几天病区布局、人员调配、药品保障 等准备，国家中医医疗队接管金银潭南一区。这也是疫情发生 后第一个接管重病区的中医医疗队。<br /> 针对医院中药药品不足的现状，医疗队迅速搭建中药供应 保障平台，保证医院药品供应。<br /> <br /> Before setting out, Huang had made adequate preparations: reading relevant reports and scientific research articles on the epidemic, analyzing the advantages and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine during SARS, and sorting out treatment plans; Medical teams have been set up to train medical staff in respiratory, emergency and ICU departments and coordinating and communicating with medical personnel in Wuhan to understand the situation in Wuhan and prepare protective materials.<br /> Jinyintan Hospital is one of the forefront and main battlefields in the fight against the epidemic. The hospital adheres to the combination of Chinese and Western medicine, promotes the full participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment, builds a platform for the protection of traditional Chinese medicine, and actively improves the diagnosis and treatment plan of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, which plays an important role in the fight against the epidemic.<br /> On January 29, after several days of preparation, such as ward layout, staff allocation and drug support, the National TCM medical team took over the first district of Jinyintan South. This is also the first TCM medical team to take over the critically ill area after the outbreak of the epidemic.<br /> In view of the shortage of traditional Chinese medicine in hospitals, the medical team quickly set up a platform to ensure the supply of traditional Chinese medicine.<br /> <br /> ====胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi====<br /> <br /> <br /> “接管病区奠定了中医药防控新型冠状病毒肺炎的基础”, 黄璐琦说，当时医疗队主管的32张病床开辟了中医药防控新冠 肺炎的战场，使中医药能够与西医同台合作。<br /> 病区第一批患者服用中药，第二天就有患者反映：睡眠好 转，咳喘、乏力症状减轻。<br /> “寻找中医药疗效的高级别循证证据，有利于优化临床方 案并加以推广，提高临床救治率。”黄璐琦介绍说，在医疗队 接管金银潭医院病区的同时，中国中医科学院后方科研攻关组 也同步成立，配合武汉前方进行临床数据分析，优化治疗方案。 科研攻关组紧急设计开发了供医护人员使用的症状信息和舌诊 图像采集程序，以及针对方舱医院的患者自述症状采集系统， 为全面开展临床研究提供了技术支撑。<br /> <br /> ====黄舒威 Huang Shuwei ====<br /> <br /> 金银潭8名患者经中西医结合治疗，2月3日病愈出院后 不久，张定宇找到黄璐琦和苗青商量，希望在全院进行中西医 结合治疗。<br /> 2月14日晚，湖北省新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控工作指挥 部召开第24场新闻发布会，介绍中医药参与湖北省疫情防控有 关情况。<br /> 黄璐琦在发布会上介绍说，截至2月14日，中国中医科学 院医疗队在金银潭医院负责的床位42张，共收治患者86例， 其中重症65例，危重21例，目前治愈的有33人。<br /> 他说：“我们把出院的患者进行统计对比，中西医结合在 核酸转阴的时间上比纯西药效果显著，在降低发热、咳嗽、乏力、 食欲减退、心慌等十个症状上比西医组的改善也更明显，对淋 巴细胞中性粒细胞的改善也更明显，且中西医结合的平均住院 时间小于西医治疗时间。”<br /> Eight patients in Jinyintan were treated with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. Shortly after they were discharged from the hospital on February 3, Zhang Dingyu found Huang Luqi and Miao Qing to discuss, hoping to have integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in the hospital. On the evening of February 14, the Headquarters for the Prevention and Control of novel coronavirus Pneumonia in Hubei Province held the 24th press conference to introduce the participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and control of the epidemic in Hubei Province. Huang Luqi said at the press conference that as of February 14, the medical team of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine had 42 beds in charge of the Jinyintan Hospital, and 86 patients had been admitted, including 65 patients with severe diseases and 21 patients with critical diseases. At present, 33 patients have been cured. He said: &quot;We statistically compare the discharged patients. The combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine has a significant effect on the time when nucleic acid turns negative compared with pure western medicine. It also has a more significant improvement on the ten symptoms, such as fever, cough, fatigue, anorexia, and palpitation, than the western medicine group. It also has a more significant improvement on the sex granulocytes in lymphocytes, and the average hospitalization time of the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine is less than the western medicine treatment time.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====姜雨露 Jiang Yulu ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 2020年2月25日,在武汉江夏方舱医院，湖南中医药大学第一附属医院医护人员易琴（前）带领新冠肺炎患者习练八段锦。（新华社记者 沈伯韩 摄）<br /> <br /> On February 25, 2020, Yi Qin (the former), a medical staff from the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, led patients afflicted with COVID-19 to practice Baduanjin, a way to exercise, at the mobile cabin hospital of Wuhan Jiangxia. (Photographed by Shen Bohan, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency)<br /> <br /> <br /> 2020年2月26日，在武汉江夏方舱医院院内的“流动应急智能中药房”里, 工作人员吴志婷把盛有药方中包含的单味药的药瓶取下来后，逐一扫描确认，准备制药。（新华社记者沈伯韩摄）<br /> <br /> On February 26, 2020, in the &quot;Mobile Emergency Intelligent Chinese Pharmacy&quot; of Wuhan Jiangxia mobile cabin hospital, Wu Zhiting, a staff member, took down the bottles containing the single medicine listed in the prescription, scanned them one by one for confirmation and preparation. (Photographed by Shen Bohan, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency)<br /> <br /> <br /> 3月4日，在发布的最新版诊疗方案中，由黄璐琦及团队根据临床不断优化的“化湿败毒方”被列入新冠肺炎重型患者推荐用药处方。“临床疗效才是评价中医药优势的金标准。”黄璐琦介绍说, 截至3月4日，他们这一团队共收治新冠肺炎患者121例，其中中医辨证纯中药治疗出院41例、中西医结合治疗出院32例。所收治新冠肺炎重症患者的病情好转率达到83.61%。<br /> <br /> On March 4, in the latest version of the diagnosis and treatment plan released, &quot;the prescription for removing dampness and detoxification&quot;, continuously optimized by Huang Luqi and his team according to the clinical practice, was included in the recommended prescription for COVID-19 patients with severe disease. &quot;Clinical efficacy is the gold standard for evaluating the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine.&quot; Huang Luqi said. Up to March 4, their team had treated 121 patients with COVID-19, including 41 discharged patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine based on syndrome differentiation and 32 discharged patients treated with integrated traditional and western medicine. The improvement rate of severe patients with COVID-19 reached 83.61%.<br /> <br /> ====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====<br /> <br /> <br /> 截至3月上旬，中国中医科学院，北京中医药大学和天津、 江苏、河南、湖南、陕西等地中医院抽调3300多名医务人员， 组成多支国家医疗队驰援湖北和武汉，分别进驻金银潭医院、 湖北省中西医结合医院、雷神山医院等重点院区，接管部分方舱医院。 <br /> <br /> 2020年2月25日，在武汉江夏方舱医院，湖南中医药大学第一附属医院副 院长、江夏方舱医院副院长朱莹（左）和湖南中医药大学第一附属医院医生戴飞 跃（中）为一名新冠肺炎患者号脉。（新华社记者 沈伯韩 摄）<br /> <br /> <br /> 金银潭医院等几家重点医院中西医结合治疗的成功经验， 很快在武汉推广开来。截至2月28日，武汉已开放的16家 方舱医院收治的7600多位患者基本做到中医治疗全覆盖； 湖北地区中医药参与救治确诊病例57910例，其中治愈出院 21193 例。<br /> <br /> As of early March, more than 3,300 medical personnels from the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Chinese hospitals in Tianjin, Jiangsu, Henan, Hunan and Shaanxi formed several national medical teams to assist Hubei and Wuhan. They were stationed at key hospitals such as Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, and Thunder God Mountain Hospital and also took over some mobile cabin hospitals. <br /> Zhu Ying (left), vice president of the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine and vice President of Jiangxia cabin hospital, and Dai Feiyue (center), a doctor of the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, were checking the pulse of a patient infected by coronavirus at the Jiangxia cabin hospital in Wuhan, February 25, 2020. (Photo by Shen Bohan, Xinhua News Agency)<br /> The successful treatment of combining Chinese and Western medicine in several key hospitals, such as Jinyintan Hospital, soon spread in Wuhan. As of February 28, more than 7,600 patients admitted to 16 hospitals in Wuhan have been treated with TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) to a full coverage. TCM in Hubei has been applied to the treatment in 57,910 confirmed cases, of which 21,193 were cured and discharged.<br /> <br /> ====李鸿 Li Hong====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 延伸阅读：<br /> 一位医生的确诊和治疗康复之路<br /> 从一名医生，到一名新冠肺炎患者，对左东波来说，不过 是两天时间。<br /> 左东波，38岁，武汉东西湖第二人民医院的一名骨科医生。 2020年1月初，他在工作岗位上感染新冠肺炎。<br /> “因为在门诊上班，遇到的患者比较多，也有医生出现发烧。 我没有太在意，口服了奥司他韦，但是效果不好。”左东波回应说。 出现症状后，病情发展之快，是左东波所没有预料到的。<br /> 1月7号，他开始严重发烧，咳嗽更加厉害。他自行打了吊针， 都是门诊上自己开的方子，主要是头抱等药物。当天，左东波 做了一个胸部CT,胸部CT显示肺部有轻度感染。<br /> “一直熬到了 1月9号。9号上午我在上班，当时就已经高 烧到39度多。&quot;<br /> 左东波有种不好的预感，直觉告诉他，这不是简单的感冒。<br /> <br /> <br /> Extended Reading: A Doctor’s Experience of Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation<br /> It only took two days for Zuo Dongbo to go from a doctor to a patient with COVID-19. Zuo Dongbo, 38 years old, was an orthopedic doctor in Wuhan Dongxihu Second People’s Hospital. At the beginning of January 2020, he was infected with COVID-19 on his job. He recalled, “Since I worked in the outpatient department where I met many patients and some doctors also had a fever, so I didn’t care too much about it. I took oseltamivir, but it didn’t work.” However, he did not expect how rapid the disease can go after the onset of symptoms. On January 7th, he began to have a severe fever and cough even badly. He took a sling on his own, which were prescribed by the department, mainly were cephalosporins etc. On the same day, Zuo Dongbo had a chest CT, which showed that there was a slight infection in the lungs. “I was at work on the morning of the 9th, when my fever reached 39 degrees.” Zuo Dongbo had a bad feeling, and his intuition told him that it was not a simple cold.<br /> <br /> ====李佳珺 Li Jiajun====<br /> <br /> <br /> “我从来没有过这样糟糕的感觉。自己平时身体状况很好，喜欢游泳，连药都没买过。” 1月9号，他在化验的时候加做了一个查血，随后又去做了一次CT。<br /> 这次他有点被吓到了：和之前的CT相比，肺部毛玻璃更加明显，而且双肺都有毛玻璃。<br /> 发现病情加重之后，左东波直接住到了东西湖区人民医院 感染科，因为这个医院和他所在的东西湖区第二人民医院对口。 科室的刘主任跟他是好朋友。<br /> 住院后，左东波一直备受煎熬，“从东西湖区人民医院转院时，感觉自己都快不行了。有一种濒死感，就像人淹到水里面一样，一脱离高压氧，根本没办法呼吸。”<br /> 从1月9日入住东西湖人民医院本部，到1月16日下午 转到金银潭医院重症监护室，左东波经历了人生最难熬的一周。<br /> 从东西湖到金银潭，救护车载着左东波驶向生的希望。<br /> <br /> “I have never had this kind of bad feeling. I’m always fighting fit. I love swimming. And I have never bought medicine.” On January 9th, he did an extra blood test when he had the coronavirus test, and then, he had a CT scan examination.<br /> This time he was shocked by the result: compared with the former CT, ground-glass opacity was much more obvious, and the whole lung had GGO.<br /> Knowing his health condition turned worse, Zuo Dongbo was directly hospitalized in the Dongxihu District People’s Hospital Infection Department. This hospital was opposite to the Second Dongxihu District Hospital which he worked at, and the office director Dr liu was his good friend.<br /> Being hospitalized, Zoo Dongbo was suffering from the illness.“On the way leaving the hospital, I felt like I was dying. It’s like drowning, once I stopped having HPO, I cannot breathe.”<br /> From January 9th, moving into the Dongxihu District People’s Hospital, to January 16th, transferring to the Jinyintan Hospital, Zuo Dongbo had had his most unbearable week in his life.<br /> From Dongxihu to Jinyintan, the ambulance carried Zuo Dongbo to the hope of life.<br /> <br /> ====李可依 Li Keyi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 当他再次醒来时，发现自己已经在金银潭医院了， “我很 庆幸，多亏了我妹妹和妹夫，替我做了一个很重要的决定—— 转到金银潭医院。”<br /> 刚转到金银潭医院，左东波话也说不出来。慢慢地恢复意 识后，他的第一个感受是，这里的护士对待每个患者都如同自 己家人。危重患者治疗要求不能脱氧，只能在床上大小便。年 纪大的患者，翻身时需要几个护士一起做。身为同行和患者， 左东波对于护士们的付出第一次感受得如此深入。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====<br /> <br /> <br /> 同病房有四个重症患者，左东波眼看着他们一个个地离去， 心里很不是滋味。在转入轻症病房前，左东波主动提议和护理 他的上海支援湖北医疗队队员、复旦大学附属金山医院神经外 科重症监护室主管护师张文英合影留念，互相加油鼓劲。<br /> <br /> <br /> 1月31号，因不需要高流量给氧，左东波转到了普通病房。<br /> 在普通病房，左东波经常跟护士们交流防护方面的问题， 叮嘱他们多注意穿脱细节。“因为穿着防护服，我其实记不住 他们的长相，但确实很感激。”<br /> 从金银潭出院后，左东波进行了 14天的隔离观察。隔离观 察期结束后，左东波又奔赴抗疫战场。<br /> （李杰） <br /> 金银潭抗疫 纪爭<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Part 6==<br /> <br /> ====李心田 Li Xintian====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 第二早<br /> <br /> 坚守阵地的金银潭战士们<br /> <br /> 白衣作战袍，塵战金银潭。<br /> <br /> 金银潭医院作为抗击新冠肺炎疫情之战的风暴眼 中心，可以说是战争最激烈的地方。医院所有在职干 部职工坚守阵地，毫不退缩，与疫魔展开塵战。<br /> 院长张定宇是这一片战场的主心骨。在他的身后， 是亲密无间的战友——“以身试药”的副院长黄朝 林、为前线战士输送弹药的医院药师们、“生命摆 渡人” 120团队、医院南二病区楼道和病房中进进出 出的白衣天使、为所有医护人员和患者守着“一盏 灯”的后勤员工、争分夺秒寻找病毒“解药”的医院 GCP机构、比任何人都更接近病毒的检验科员工<br /> <br /> 拼渐冻生命与疫魔竟速<br /> <br /> 记疫情“风暴眼”中武汉金银潭医院院长张定宇<br /> <br /> The second morning <br /> <br /> The ground-holding soldiers of Jinyintan Hospital<br /> <br /> With white coat being campaign gown, fighting fiercely in Jinyintan Hospital. <br /> <br /> As the storm eye center of the anti-pandemic battle, Jinyintan Hospital can be seen as the fiercest place of this battle. All the hospital’s cadres in work held the ground without any thought of retreating back and fought fiercely against the evil pandemic. Director Zhang Dingyu was the backbone of this field. Behind him were his close fellow fighters: vice director Huang Chaolin who “tested medicine in person”, pharmacists providing medicine “bullets” for the fighters in the front, the 120 work team who ferried lives, doctors in and out of the corridors and wards of the hospital south No. 2 department, the logistic staff supporting all medical staff and patients, the hospital GCP agency seizing every minute and second to find the cure for the virus, and the clinical laboratory staff who were the closest to the virus. <br /> <br /> Strain an ALS life and race against evil pandemic <br /> <br /> A recording of Director Zhang Dingyu of the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital in the “storm eye” of the pandemic.<br /> <br /> Correction：The second morning <br /> <br /> The ground-holding soldiers of Jinyintan Hospital<br /> <br /> With white coat being campaign gown, fighting fiercely in Jinyintan Hospital. <br /> <br /> As the storm eye center of the anti-pandemic battle, Jinyintan Hospital can be seen as the fiercest place of this battle. All the hospital’s cadres in work held the ground without any thought of retreating back and fought fiercely against the evil pandemic. Director Zhang Dingyu was the backbone of this field. Behind him were his close fellow fighters: vice director Huang Chaolin who “tested medicine in person”, pharmacists providing medicine “bullets” for the fighters in the front, the 120 work team who ferried lives, doctors in and out of the corridors and wards of the hospital south No. 2 department, the logistic staff supporting all medical staff and patients, the hospital GCP agency seizing every minute and second to find the cure for the virus, and the clinical laboratory staff who were the closest to the virus. <br /> <br /> Strain an ALS life and race against evil pandemic <br /> <br /> A recording of Director Zhang Dingyu of the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital in the “storm eye” of the pandemic.<br /> <br /> ====李彦 Li Yan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 生命，有起点，也会有终点。张定宇——武汉抗疫一线一 位医护人员，似乎在按倒计时的方式与生命和时间进行着搏斗。<br /> 手里接打着一个又一个几乎不间断的电话，脚下步子也不 停，还不忘对身边人发出一个又一个清晰的指令……<br /> 这，是武汉市金银潭医院院长张定宇给人的第一印象。<br /> 金银潭，老武汉人都未必熟悉的一家传染病专科医院，这 些天频繁见诸媒体。这里，是最早集中收治不明肺炎患者的医院， 是这场全民抗“疫”之战最早打响的地方。<br /> 张定宇在这场与病毒赛跑、与死神竞速的战事中，已经战 斗了 33天。而他自己，也在同“渐冻症”进行着顽强斗争。<br /> 个性“粗糙”的院长：“幸亏靠了他的暴脾气和果断！”<br /> <br /> Life has a beginning and an end. Zhang Dingyu, a paramedic on the front line of the fight against the epidemic in Wuhan, seems to be fighting for his life and time in a countdown manner.<br /> With phone call after phone call almost non-stop in his hands and his feet on the ground, he is still giving clear instructions to those around him. ......<br /> This, is the first impression given by Zhang Dingyu, the director of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital.<br /> The first thing that struck me was that Zhang Dingyu, the director of the Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan, a specialist hospital for infectious diseases that may not be familiar to any old Wuhaner, is frequently seen in the media these days. It was the first hospital to focus on patients with unknown pneumonia and the first place where the battle against the epidemic was fought.<br /> Zhang Dingyu has been fighting for 33 days in this race against the virus and death. He, too, has been fighting a tough battle against the disease.<br /> The &quot;rough&quot; personality of the dean: &quot;Fortunately, we can rely on his temper and determination!<br /> <br /> ====李梓玉 Li Ziyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 2019年12月29日，武汉，雾，多云。<br /> 武汉华南海鲜批发市场首批不明肺炎患者转入位于武汉三 环外的金银潭医院。<br /> “当时不少医疗机构也陆续出现不明原因肺炎患者，绝对 不能大意。”多年从事传染病防治，职业敏感让张定宇第一时 间判断，这不是普通的传染病。<br /> 果断决策：他将这些患者迅速集中到隔离病房，穿上防护 服，进隔离区查看症状，分析研判。<br /> 隆冬，一股寒意向张定宇袭来，情况比他想象的要糟。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 12月30日一早，他再度决策：紧急布置腾退病房，抽调 更多医疗力量，新开两个病区，转入80多名患者，完成清洁消 毒，设备物资人员调配……<br /> 平时少有人知晓的金银潭，拌和着空气中浓浓消毒水味的， 还有凝重紧张的气氛。<br /> 人类与重大疾病斗争史上，未知和恐惧，从来都如影随形； 清醒和果敢，也愈加珍贵地相生相伴。<br /> <br /> 2020年1月2 9S,武汉市金银潭医院院长张定宇回到医院后马上换装投入 工作。（新华社记者 肖艺九 摄）<br />   <br /> 2020年1月29日，武汉金银潭医院院长张定宇接受新华社记者采访。（新 华社记者肖艺九摄）<br /> <br /> Early in the morning of December 30, he made another decision: emergency arrangements to vacate the wards, the deployment of more medical forces, the opening of two new wards, the transfer of more than 80 patients, the completion of the cleaning and disinfection, equipment and materials and personnel deployment ...... usually little-known Jinyintan, mixed with the strong smell of disinfectant water in the air, and the atmosphere of gloomy tension. In the history of mankind's struggle with major diseases, the unknown and fear have always followed each other; sobriety and boldness have become more and more precious together.<br /> <br /> Zhang Dingyu, president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, returns to the hospital and immediately dresses for work on January 2, 2020. (Xinhua News Agency reporter Xiao Yijiu) On January 29, 2020, Zhang Dingyu, president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, was interviewed by Xinhua News Agency. (Photo by Xiao Yijiu, Xinhua News Agency)<br /> <br /> ====廖璐佳 Liao Lujia ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 之后的日子，时钟的钟摆对金银潭、对张定宇、对已知和 未知的所有，似乎都踏上了加速度的轨道。<br /> 不断有新患者转入，相当于医院要不断“换水”，任何一 丝不细致都会弄出乱子。<br /> 早上7点半，往往换班的医护人员还没到，张定宇就已经 到了。“今天收了多少患者？ ” “多少出院？ ”他每次问，都 要回答者脱口而出说出精确数字。“收患者、转患者、管患者， 按道理有些事他可以不管，但他都会到现场亲自过问。”南三 病区主任张丽说。<br /> 张丽2003年曾参与过抗击非典，对传染病防治是见过大 场面的。搁平时，这位资深传染病医生，见了张定宇却多少会 躲着走。“脾气粗糙，你和他说话都不许插嘴”，张丽说。<br /> <br /> In the days that followed, the pendulum of the clock seemed to accelerate for Jin Yintan, Zhang Dingyu, and everything known and unknown. New patients were transferred to the hospital, which means hospital constantly cured former patients, and lack of meticulousness will make a mess. At 7:30 a.m., Zhang Dingyu had already arrived before the medical staff who worked the shift arrived. &quot;How many patients were admitted today? How many are discharges?&quot; Every time he asked, he had the respondents blurt out the exact number. “Accepting, transferring and managing patients are not his business and he can ignore some things, but he will go to the scene to personally inquire.” Zhang Li, director of the South Three ward, said. Zhang Li participated in the fight against SARS in 2003 and has seen big scenes in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Usually, this senior infectious disease doctor would hide away to some extent when he saw Zhang Dingyu. &quot;You have a rough temper, so you are not allowed to interrupt him when you talk to him.&quot; Zhang Li said.<br /> <br /> correction:<br /> In the following days, the pendulum of the clock seemed to have accelerated for Jin Yintan, Zhang Dingyu, and everything known and unknown. New patients were transferred to the hospital, which means hospital constantly cured former patients, and lack of meticulousness will make a mess. At 7:30 a.m., Zhang Dingyu had already arrived before the medical staff who worked the shift arrived. &quot;How many patients were admitted today? How many are discharges?&quot; Every time he asked, he had the respondents blurt out the exact number. “Accepting, transferring and managing patients are not his business and he can ignore some things, but he will go to the scene to personally inquire.” Zhang Li, director of the South Three ward, said. Zhang Li participated in the fight against SARS in 2003 and has seen big scenes in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. In normal times, this senior infectious disease doctor would hide away somewhat when he sees Zhang Dingyu. &quot;He has a rough temper, so you are not allowed to interrupt him when you talk to him.&quot; Zhang Li said.<br /> <br /> ====刘丛领 Liu Congling ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 张丽没想到的是，这次不仅是“粗糙”，更是躲不过去的 “折磨”。“任务布置急、要求高，事无巨细，骂起人来都不 留情面。”<br /> 被“折磨”的张丽在这次危机中却感觉到张定宇“粗糙” 脾气下的细致。“幸亏靠了他的暴脾气和果断。有困难找他， 总会有办法。现在看到他的身影，有种踏实的感觉。”<br /> 1月8日，国家卫健委公布，初步确认“新型冠状病毒” 为此次疫情的病原。<br /> 武汉，九省通衢，有1100万人口。几乎一夜间，成为一 场波及全球疫情的“风暴眼”。<br /> “风暴眼”中：“有他在，医护人员、患者、家属心里都有底。” 疫情袭来，冲击着每一个人。坚毅，能不能战胜恐慌？ 武汉，紧张中蕴含着不安和骚动。金银潭医院病区内，呼 叫医务服务的铃声此起彼伏，与病楼外疏落的人影形成强烈的 反差。<br /> Zhang Li did not expect that this time is not only &quot;rough&quot;, but also an unavoidable &quot;torture&quot;. &quot;The task is urgent and demanding, so there is no mercy in scolding people.&quot; &quot;Tortured&quot; Zhang Li in this crisis found Zhang Dingyu’ meticulousness under his cover of &quot;rough&quot; temper. &quot;Thanks to his temper and determination. He can always find out a solution when you are stuck in trouble. I feel a sense of security when I see him.&quot; On January 8, the National Health Commission announced that the novel coronavirus was initially identified as the cause of the outbreak. Wuhan, a thoroughfare of nine provinces and home to 11 million people, became the epicentre of a global pandemic all but overnight. In the &quot;eye of the storm&quot;, his being makes medical staff, patients, family members feel secure. The rampant epidemic was affecting everyone. Can perseverance conquer panic? In Wuhan, there is unease and commotion in the tension. In the ward of Jinyintan Hospital, the sound of the bell calling for medical services is repeated one after another, in sharp contrast to the scattered figures outside the building.<br /> <br /> ====刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu ====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> “风暴眼”中，张定宇走着、说着。<br /> 对患者，他是一种语气。<br /> “您家莫急莫急，我马上安排人出来接。”<br /> 对下级，他是另一种态度。<br /> “搞快点，搞快点，这个事情一点都等不得，马上就搞。” 严厉，但是镇定。<br /> 张定宇告诉大家：对呼吸道传染病不必过于恐慌，按要 求做好防护就没危险。“我们要胆大心细！有什么责任有我 担着。”<br /> 他身后，从一个病区，到一栋楼，到三栋楼；护士从两小 时交接班一次，延长到四五个小时一次；医生更是恨不得把一 个人掰成两个人来用……<br /> “去年12月29日到现在，他没休过一天，只有两个晚上 离开医院稍微早些。”金银潭医院党委书记王先广说。给他留 下深刻印象的还有这位搭档蹒跚的身影。<br /> <br /> In the “eye of the storm”, Zhang Dingyu walked and talked. To the patient, he said in a soothing voice, “Don’t worry. I’ll have someone pick you up right away.” To his subordinates, however, he has a different attitude, “Hurry up, hurry up! This can’t be put off. We must do it right now.” He was strict, but calm. Zhang Dingyu told everyone: there was no need to panic about respiratory infections. There would be no danger if everyone took proper precautions as required. “We must be bold but careful! I will take responsibility for whatever it is.” Behind him, it went from one ward, to one building, then to three buildings; nurses shift from once every two hours to once every four or five hours; doctors wished they could divide themselves into two... “Since December 29th last year, he has not taken a day off. Only two nights did he leave the hospital a little early.” said Wang Xianguang, the party secretary of Jinyintan Hospital. He was also impressed by the staggering figure of his partner.<br /> <br /> ====刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 越来越多的同事发现，一向脚步如风的院长下楼梯脚步越 来越慢。面对越来越多人的追问，张定宇终于承认：“我得了 渐冻症，两年前就犯病了，下楼吃力，更怕摔倒。”<br /> 渐冻症是一种罕见病症，慢慢会进展为全身肌肉萎缩和吞 咽困难，直至呼吸衰竭。“我特别怕下楼，必须扶着。平时， 我下楼都会抓住我爱人。”<br /> “多少次问他，都说膝关节动过手术。”感染科主任文丹 宁说。直至这次，她和其他同事才回过神来，“为什么他脚步 高低不平，上下楼一定要抓紧扶手，慢慢挪。”<br /> 北七病区护士长贾春敏却不承认。“他明明走得好快！ ” 1 月21日晚腾退完病房后，正等待转入新患者，贾春敏就接到张 定宇电话：“五分钟到北7楼，看新病区还差些什么？ ”<br /> 放下电话，贾春敏赶着拉上装物资的小推车一路小跑。“他 从办公室到北7楼比我远，等我到的时候，他已经在那儿了。” 贾春敏说，“平时他老跟不上我们，但他拼的时候，我们跟不 上他。”<br /> “有他在，医护人员、患者、家属心里都有底。”文丹宁说。 <br /> <br /> ====刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 33天和30分钟：“没说太多话，都很疲惫，只是离开时 叮嘱了下：保重。”<br /> 慢和快，在张定宇身上，在疫情发生后，组成奇妙的复合体。<br /> 清早6点钟起床、次日凌晨1点左右睡觉，不知不觉成了 常态。好几个夜晚，张定宇凌晨2点刚躺下，4点就被手机叫醒。<br /> 情和痛，也不知从什么地方会来个突然袭击。<br /> 金银潭医院收治首批患者22天后，张定宇得到消息：在武 汉另一家医院工作的妻子，在工作中被感染新型冠状病毒，住 进相隔十多公里的另一家医院。<br /> 妻子入院三天后，晚上11点多，张定宇赶紧跑去探望， 却只待了不到半小时。“没说太多话，都很疲惫，只是离开时 叮嘱了下：保重。”采访时，张定宇不愿多回忆那宝贵的30 分钟。<br /> “实在是没时间。我很内疚，我也许是个好医生，但不是 个好丈夫。”眼前这位五大三粗，和普通人眼中医生形象很不 匹配的硬汉，眼圈忽然红了。“我们结婚28年了，刚开始两天 她状态不好，我就怕她扛不过去。”<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing====<br /> <br /> 不能完全停下来，也不能时时刻刻在动。张定宇的渐冻病 需要比别人更好掌握这个度。<br /> 几乎没时间去看患病的妻子，却又搁不下、放不了挂念， 没法想象张定宇心里怎么过的这道坎。<br /> 一个多月，夜以继日，张定宇病了。躺在床上输液时，手 里仍拿着各种材料数据了解患者情况、重症人数、救治进展， 布置各项工作……刚刚好一点，只要可能，张定宇都会再穿上 被称为“猴服”的防护服，从患者通道走到隔离病房，走到重 症室查房。<br /> “穿着防护服，走路都能听到呼吸、心跳，出来前心后背 都湿透了。”张定宇的感受，是疫情笼罩下，医护人员最真实 的感受。<br /> 好在，坎过去了。妻子在入院十天后的1月29日下午，痊 愈出院。这个消息让已经了解张定宇，知道了这样一位战“疫” 勇士事迹的人们，都松了一口气。<br /> 急切的记者电话核实这个压抑中难得的好消息时，已经是 晚上11点了。开车回家路上的张定宇说了一句话：“对，两次 核酸检测呈阴性。”<br /> 张定宇的“三重身份”：“无论哪个身份，在这非常时期、 危急时刻，都没理由退半步，必须坚决顶上去！”<br /> 共产党员、院长、医生，是张定宇的三重身份。<br /> “无论哪个身份，在这非常时期、危急时刻，都没理由退 半步，必须坚决顶上去！”张定宇说。<br /> You can't stop completely, nor can you move all the time. Zhang Dingyu's acromegaly requires a better grasp of this than others.<br /> It is impossible to imagine how Zhang Dingyu's heart can survive this hurdle when he barely has time to see his sick wife, but cannot put aside or let go of his worries.<br /> For more than a month, night and day, Zhang Dingyu became ill. While lying in bed receiving an infusion, he was still holding various materials and data to understand the situation of the patients, the number of serious cases, the progress of treatment, and to set up various tasks. ...... Whenever possible, Zhang Dingyu would put on his protective suit, known as the &quot;monkey suit&quot;, and walk from the patient corridor to the isolation ward and to the intensive care unit. The first time I saw him, I was in the hospital.<br /> &quot;In the suit, I could hear my breathing and heartbeat when I walked, and the back of my heart was soaked through before I came out.&quot; Zhang Dingyu's feelings are the most realistic of the health care workers in the grip of the epidemic.<br /> The good news is that the hurdle has passed. Ten days after his wife was admitted to hospital, on the afternoon of 29 January, she was discharged. The news was a relief to those who already knew about Zhang Dingyu and the story of such a warrior in the battle against the epidemic.<br /> It was already 11pm when an eager reporter called to verify this rare and depressing news. On the drive home, Zhang Dingyu said, &quot;Yes, the two nucleic acid tests were negative.<br /> Zhang Dingyu's &quot;triple identity&quot;: &quot;No matter which identity, there is no reason to take a half-step back at this extraordinary and critical time, we must resolutely go up!<br /> The triple identity of Zhang Dingyu is that of a Communist Party member, a director and a doctor.<br /> &quot;No matter which identity he has, there is no reason to take a half-step back in these extraordinary and critical times. Zhang Dingyu said.<br /> <br /> ====鲁思 Lu Si ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 57岁的张定宇，从一名普通医生起步，先后担任武汉市四 医院副院长，武汉血液中心主任。<br /> 从医33年，他曾随中国医疗队出征，援助阿尔及利亚； 2011年除夕，作为湖北第一位“无国界医生”，出现在巴基斯 坦西北的蒂默加拉医院……<br /> 他和同事们的身影，也曾出现在重大灾害发生的现场。 2008年5月14日，四川汶川地震第三天，他带领湖北省第三 医疗队出现在重灾区什都市……<br /> “像张定宇这样的党员干部，始终冲在最前线，让大家都感觉特别有主心骨。”张丽说。<br /> <br /> 2020年1月29日，由于渐冻症的关系，张定宇爬起楼时十分不便。（新华 社记者肖艺九摄）<br /> <br /> Zhang Dingyu, 57, started out as a general practitioner and has served as vice president of Wuhan Hospital IV and director of Wuhan Blood Center. On New Year's Eve 2011, as the first &quot;Doctors Without Borders&quot; in Hubei, he appeared at the Timergala Hospital in northwest Pakistan ....... He and his colleagues have also appeared at the scene of major disasters. He and his colleagues have also been on the scene of major disasters. On May 14, 2008, the third day of the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province, he led the third medical team from Hubei Province in the hardest-hit city of Shidu. ......Zhang Li said, &quot;Party members like Zhang Dingyu are always at the front line, making everyone feel especially at ease.&quot; <br /> <br /> January 29, 2020, due to the relationship of acromegaly, Zhang Dingyu climb up the building is very inconvenient.<br /> <br /> Zhang Dingyu, 57, started out as a general practitioner and has served as vice president of Wuhan Hospital IV and director of Wuhan Blood Center. With 33 years of medical service, he once went on an expedition with the Chinese medical team to help Algeria. On New Year's Eve 2011, as the first &quot;Doctors Without Borders&quot; in Hubei, he appeared at the Timergala Hospital in northwest Pakistan ....... He and his colleagues have also been on the scene of major disasters. On May 14, 2008, the third day of the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province, he led the third medical team from Hubei Province in the hardest-hit city of Shidu. ......Zhang Li said, &quot;Party members and cadres like Zhang Dingyu are always at the front line, making everyone feel especially at ease.&quot; <br /> <br /> January 29, 2020, it was very inconvenient for Zhang Dingyu to climb up the building due to the ALS.<br /> <br /> ====陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin ====<br /> <br /> 55岁的南六病区主任陈南山顶上去了！<br /> <br /> Chen Nanshan, the 55 year old director of South No.6 Ward, pressed on!<br /> <br /> 在春节期间人手最紧张的时候，临危受命，参与两个ICU病区建立，最多的时候1人管理3个病区近百名患者。<br /> <br /> During the Spring Festival, when the staff was most scarce, he was assigned to take part in the establishment of two ICU wards. At most, one person managed nearly 100 patients in three wards.<br /> <br /> 南四病区副主任余婷和同在医院护士岗位的妻子顶上去 T!夫妻俩把上小学的孩子丢给父母，坚守一线30多天。<br /> <br /> Yu Ting, the deputy director of South No.4 Ward, and his wife, who was also a nurse in the hospital, pressed on! The couple left their children in primary school to their parents and stuck to the front line for more than 30 days.<br /> <br /> 一米五出头，看着柔弱的ICU病区主任吴文娟顶上去了！ 从首批不明原因肺炎患者入院，直到自己因疑似感染新型冠状病毒被隔离才下火线。<br /> <br /> At a height of just over 150 centemeters, Wu Wenjuan, the ICU ward director who looked delicate, pressed on! From the first batch of patients with unexplained pneumonia were admitted to the hospital, Wu continued working in the front line until she was quarantined for suspected infection with novel coronavirus.<br /> <br /> 金银潭医院240多名党员顶上去了!没有一个人迟疑、退缩， 全部挺在急难险重岗位。有了张定宇和党员们，600多名职工 全部坚守岗位，从未有人主动要“下火线”。<br /> <br /> More than 240 Party members of Jinyintan Hospital pressed on! No one hesitated or retreated, and they were all in urgent and dangerous positions. With Zhang Dingyu and the Party members, more than 600 employees all stuck to their posts, and no one had ever taken the initiative to leave the front line.<br /> <br /> ====马明宇 Ma Mingyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 战疫魔，金银潭医院动起来了，武汉动起来了，全中国动 起来了。战事还远未结束，还会有惨烈，有悲壮，甚至牺牲。<br /> <br /> The plague whisperer, Jinyintan Hospital has moved, Wuhan has moved, and the whole of China has moved. The war is far from over, there will be miserable, tragic and even sacrifice. <br /> <br /> “健康所系，性命相托”。对张定宇们，这是践行的誓言！ 对无数民众，这是力量所在，希望所在。<br /> <br /> &quot;Tie with health, entrust by life.&quot; For Zhang Dingyu and other doctors, this is the oath to practice! For millions of people, this is where strength lies and hope lies. <br /> <br /> 动如风火的张定宇也有个希望，在自己能动的时候，跑赢 这次与新型冠状病毒的赛跑。<br /> <br /> Zhang Dingyu, who moves like wind and fire, also has a hope that he will win the race against the COVID-19 when he is active. <br /> <br /> “我会慢慢失去知觉，将来会真的跟冻住了一样。”张定 宇下意识地摸了摸腿，“慢慢我会缩成小小一团，固定在轮椅上。 每个渐冻患者，都是看着自己一点点消逝的……”<br /> <br /> &quot;I'll lose consciousness slowly, and I'll be really frozen in the future.&quot; Zhang Dingyu subconsciously touched his leg. &quot;Slowly I will shrink into a small ball and stay in a wheelchair.&quot; Every patient who has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is watching himself disappear little by little...&quot; <br /> <br /> “生命留给我的时间不多了。必须跑得更快，才能跑赢时间， 把重要的事情做完。”<br /> <br /> &quot;I don't have much time left. So I have to run faster to beat the time and get the important things done.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====彭琦 Peng Qi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 2020年1月27 B,在武汉金银潭医院综合病区楼，张定宇在联系协调工作。 （新华社发柯皓摄）<br /> 伴着高低不平的脚步，和电话那头急促的声音,张定宇转身， 朝着隔离病区走去……<br /> 1月31日，难得的冬日暖阳照进了这座非常的江城。<br /> 下午5点左右，消息传来：20名新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎 患者从金银潭医院集体出院，最大年龄患者64岁，最小年龄 15岁。这是疫情发生以来同时出院人数最多的一次。<br /> 截至目前，金银潭医院累计出院确诊患者72例。<br /> （新华社武汉2020年1月31日电 记者钱彤、李鹏翔、 侯文坤、黎昌政）<br /> Zhang Dingyu contacts and coordinates work in the general ward building of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan on January 27, 2020. (Xinhua News Agency photo by Ke Hao)<br /> With uneven footsteps and an urgent voice on the other end of the phone, Zhang Dingyu turns around and walks towards the isolation ward ......<br /> The rare warm winter sun shone into the city of Wuhan on January 31.<br /> At around 5 pm, the news came in that 20 pneumonia patients with novel coronavirus infection were discharged from Jinyintan Hospital, the oldest patient 64 years old and the youngest 15 years old. This is the largest number of patients discharged at the same time since the outbreak began.<br /> So far, a total of 72 patients have been discharged from Jinyintan Hospital with confirmed cases.<br /> (Xinhua News Agency, Wuhan, January 31, 2020 - Reporters Qian Tong, Li Pengxiang, Hou Wenkun and Li Changzheng)<br /> <br /> <br /> On January 27, 2020, Zhang Dingyu (pictured by Ke Hao at Xinhua News Agency) worked on contacts and coordination in the general ward building of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan. With uneven footsteps and an urgent voice from the phone, Zhang Dingyu turned around and walked towards the isolation ward… <br /> The warm winter sun rarely shone into the city of Wuhan on January 31. <br /> At around 5 P.M., the news came in that, 20 pneumonia patients with novel coronavirus infection, ranging from 15 to 64 years old, were discharged from Jinyintan Hospital. It the largest release since the epidemic outbreak. <br /> So far, 72 patients in total have been discharged from Jinyintan Hospital with confirmed cases. (Xinhua News Agency, Wuhan, January 31, 2020 - Reporters Qian Tong, Li Pengxiang, Hou Wenkun and Li Changzheng)<br /> <br /> ====漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 老搭档眼中的张定宇<br /> “好搭档好同事，好兄弟好战友。作风硬朗，遇到问题从 来不退缩。”这是金银潭医院党委书记王先广对张定宇的评价。 王先广和张定宇搭班子，两人再熟悉不过。他也比医院任何人 都早一些知道张定宇渐冻症的病情。<br /> 王先广和张定宇都是医生，比常人更加了解渐冻症的后果 和危险性。王先广说，其实张定宇这个病，是需要好好回家洗 个热水澡的，既不能完全停下来，也不能时时刻刻在动。他需 要掌握这个度，但是他又不能掌握这个度，因为工作在不断推 着他动，最初30多天，张定宇有好几个通宵只是在办公室沙发 上打了个盹。<br /> 尽管张定宇用了一些治疗方法，但仍然没有明显向好的方 向转化的迹象。王先广心里也很难受,渐冻症患者肌肉萎缩以后， 力量就会受限制，有一次下楼的时候，张定宇差一点摔倒下去， 因为腿没有支撑能力。张定宇私下多次跟他说，两个人在一起 的时候让王先广扶一下他。<br /> <br /> <br /> Eyed as an excellent partner, nice colleague, intimate brother and reliable comrade by the old partner, resolutely Zhang Dingyu keeps moving on when encountering problems. This is what Wang Xianguang, secretary of the Party committee of Jinyintan Hospital, said about Zhang. Owing to common shifts, Wang and Zhang are familiar with each other. Wang also knows how Zhang 's progressive frostbite is like earlier than anyone in the hospital. Wang and Zhang, both doctors, are much clear about the consequences and risks of progressive frostbite than ordinary people. In fact, Zhang's illness needs to go home and take a warm bath, said Wang. It can neither stop completely nor be active all the time. The degree needs to be under control but he can't, because his work keeps pushing him. In the first 30 days, Zhang just took a nap on the office sofa several nights. Although Zhang has used some treatment methods, there is still no obvious sign of improvement. Wang was also very upset. After the muscle atrophy of the patients with progressive frostbite, their strength would be limited. Once, when he went downstairs, Zhang almost fell down because his legs could not support him. Zhang told him many times in private that Wang would help him when they were together.<br /> <br /> ====覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====<br /> <br /> 疫情发生以来，来金银潭医院指导交流的专家越来越多， 原本就很疲乏的张定宇，脚步跟不上，只好叫班子其他领导送。<br /> “不是因为他自己受不了，而是来了这么多专家，没有接送， 对不住大家。大家来支援指导我们，没有按照礼节做到位，所 以把原因说明下，更多人也就知道了他渐冻症的情况。”<br /> “没有誓师，没有举旗喊口号，就是一线战地动员，像张定宇这样的党员自觉往前线走，带动其他医院员工动起来。” 在王先广眼里，张定宇真的是面对生死而不变色，“有险情他 一定第一个冲上去”。<br /> 很多人都说张定宇是个“急脾气”，对此王先广非常理解， 作为院长，张定宇做事风风火火，敢于担当，冲在前、干在前， 这是他的优点。有时候如果拖延一点，甚至会耽误一条生命， “所以他说话做事都不喜欢拖泥带水，不管是我跟他讨论问题， 还是其他下属向他汇报工作，他都会让大家直入主题”。<br /> 在王先广眼里，张定宇是一头狮子，敢冲敢拼，发起脾气来, 暴跳如雷，但是一头温情的狮子，很细心、很细致、很关心人。<br /> <br /> Since the outbreak, more and more experts came to Jinyintan Hospital for guidance and exchange. Zhang Dingyu, who was already very tired, could not keep up and had to ask other leaders of the team to send him.<br /> &quot;It's not because he couldn't stand it, but he felt sorry for all the experts who came without transportation. You guys all came to support and guide us, but we didn't do it according to the etiquette. So I decided to explain the reason, and more people will know about his acromegaly.&quot;<br /> &quot;No pledge, no flag， no slogans, as if a front-line battlefield mobilization, all of the party members like Zhang Dingyu consciously to the front line, driving other hospital staff to act.&quot; In the eyes of Wang Xianguang, Zhang Dingyu really can not cahnge color when he face the life and death, &quot;when there are dangerous situations he must be the first to rush up&quot;.<br /> Many people say Zhang Dingyu is a &quot;impetuous temper&quot;, which Wang Xianguang understands very well. As a dean, Zhang Dingyu do things very quick, daring to take charge, rushing ahead, trying in front, that are all his advantages. Sometimes if you delay a little, you would even delay a life, &quot;so he does not like to drag out things, whether I discuss issues with him, or other subordinates to report on the work, he will let everyone straight to the point.&quot;<br /> In the eyes of Wang Xianguang, Zhang Dingyu is a lion, daring to fight. Once the temper strikes, he will storm out. But he is still a warm lion, very careful, very meticulous, very caring.<br /> <br /> ====卿子晔 Qing Ziye====<br /> <br /> <br /> 王先广说，作为院长的张定宇要布置全局，要调动力量， 有重大险情的时候也会第一个冲上去。他用实际行动践行了 对党忠诚、热爱人民的初心和使命！他是这次抗击新冠肺炎 疫情中产生的诸多优秀共产党员中的杰出代表。<br /> 在张定宇身上，集中体现了无私无畏、担当作为的政治 品格和勇毅果敢、雷厉风行的工作作风。作为共产党员，他 时刻把人民群众生命安全和身体健康放在第一位，他默默承 受着个人身体疾病的巨大痛苦，而用“渐冻的生命”托起了 患者生的希望和信心。作为领导干部，他临危不惧、冲锋在 前，应对危机镇定自若，是全院干部职工的“主心骨”和抗 击疫情的“中流砥柱”。作为医生，凭借多年深厚的职业素养， 成就了首战告捷，为全面打赢这场阻击战奠定了坚实基础。 用他自己的话说：“我是共产党员、医务工作者，非常时期、 危急时刻，必须坚决顶上去。”他是这么说的，也是这么做的， 在面对重大疫情的危急时刻，他能够豁得出去，没有丝毫的 畏惧和退缩，义无反顾。他是一条硬汉子、一个真英雄。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====仇绪 Qiu Xu ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 王先广说，张定宇的事迹和鲜为人知的病痛被曝光以后，感动了中国，同时更加深深打动了医院所有人。在他强大的精神力量感召下，医院内产生了巨大的冲击波，凝聚起了满满的正能量！<br /> 2月1。日，习近平总书记远程连线慰问金银潭医院医务人员代表之后，金银潭医院党委及时组织学习贯彻习近平总书记指示精神，再动员、再鼓劲、再部署。金银潭医院迅速掀起了学习先进典型、营造“比学赶超”浓厚氛围的热潮，全院党员干部职工以张定宇为榜样，在各自岗位上加班加点、奋力拼搏。尽管50多天没有休息，大家任劳任怨，不叫苦不怕累。 钏足一股劲，咬咬牙，拼一拼，坚决顶上去。<br /> 张定宇就像一面旗帜，在抗击疫情的主战场上高高飘扬。 在他的带动下，全院上下充满了决战决胜的责任感、使命感， 大家的工作积极性和主动性更强，工作效率更高。<br /> 王先广说，抗击疫情的过程中，金银潭医院涌现出来一大 批优秀的党员、干部和职工，如副院长黄朝林，科主任陈南山、 夏家安，护士长瞿昭辉、吴静，医生涂盛锦、余振兴，护士胡 绪娟、樊莉……<br /> <br /> Wang Xianguang said that after Zhang Dingyu's story and little-known illness was exposed, it moved China and at the same time touched everyone in the hospital even more deeply. Inspired by his powerful spirit, the hospital has generated a huge shockwave of positive energy!<br /> On February 1, after General Secretary Xi Jinping's remote link condolences to the medical staff representatives of Jinyintan Hospital, the Party Committee of Jinyintan Hospital promptly organised the study and implementation of General Secretary Xi Jinping's instructions, remobilised, re-energised and redeployed. Jinyintan Hospital quickly set off a wave of learning from advanced models and creating a strong atmosphere of &quot;learning from each other and catching up with each other&quot;, and all party members and cadres and staff of the hospital followed Zhang Dingyu's example and worked overtime and hard at their respective posts. Although there was no rest for more than 50 days, everyone worked hard and was not afraid of suffering. They gritted their teeth, put up a fight and were determined to go on top.<br /> Zhang Dingyu was like a flag flying high on the main battlefield of the epidemic. Led by him, the whole hospital was filled with a sense of responsibility and mission to win the battle, and everyone was more active and proactive in their work and worked more efficiently.<br /> Wang Xianguang said that in the process of fighting the epidemic, a large number of outstanding party members, cadres and staff emerged from Jinyintan Hospital, such as Vice President Huang Chaolin, department heads Chen Nanshan and Xia Jia'an, head nurses Qu Zhaohui and Wu Jing, doctors Tu Shengjin and Yu Zhenxing, and nurses Hu Xujuan and Fan Li.<br /> <br /> ====全永慧 Quan Yonghui====<br /> <br /> <br /> 一个人的多身份战“疫”历程<br /> 武汉市金银潭医院，与病房里面的忙碌相比，院区的过道 上显得特别的安静。<br /> 在这里，希望与失望交织，生存与死亡较量，人类与疫病 决斗。<br /> 这两者，金银潭医院副院长黄朝林都是亲历者。<br /> 1月19日 ,武汉市卫健委举行新闻发布会，针对武汉市新 型冠状病毒感染的肺炎综合防控答记者问。当时，湖北省医疗 组专家、武汉市金银潭医院副院长黄朝林作为专家出席，并在 发布会上介绍，武汉市不明原因的病毒性肺炎被确定为新型冠 状病毒感染所致后，国家相关科研机构迅速研发出病毒核酸检 测试剂盒，随后进行技术优化。1月16日,湖北省疾病预防控 制中心收到国家下发的试剂盒后，开始对武汉市送检的不明原 因的病毒性肺炎患者标本进行病原学检测。<br /> 三天后，1月22日 ,黄朝林的新型冠状病毒核酸检测结果 显示为阳性，他也确诊被感染了。<br /> <br /> ====任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====<br /> <br /> 3月2日，黄朝林历经40天的隔离治疗和康复，回到工作 岗位再战新冠肺炎疫情。<br /> 一个人的多身份战“疫”历程要从2019年12月27日说起。<br /> 2019年12月27日晩，黄朝林和张定宇正在办公室讨论事 情，其间他接到一个武汉同济医院打来的电话，请求将一名冠 状病毒肺炎患者转至金银潭医院。对方在电话中说，已在病例 样本中检测出冠状病毒基因序列。<br /> 凭借职业敏感，黄朝林和张定宇，立即拨通了北京地坛医 院专家的电话，得到的建议是接收患者，展开调查和研究。后 来因患者家属不同意，未能转入金银潭。<br /> 2019年12月29日，对黄朝林来说，是一个特殊的日子。<br /> 这一天，也是黄朝林个人战“疫”打响的第一天。<br /> On March 2, after 40 days of isolation treatment and rehabilitation, Huang Chaolin returned to work to fight the COVID-19 again. The course of a person's multi identity war &quot;epidemic&quot; would start on December 27, 2019. On the evening of December 27, 2019, Huang Chaolin and Zhang Dingyu were discussing matters in the office. During the discussion, he received a call from Wuhan Tongji Hospital requesting that a patient with coronavirus pneumonia be transferred to Jinyintan Hospital. The other person said on the phone that the coronavirus gene sequence had been detected in the case samples. With occupational sensitivity, Huang Chaolin and Zhang Dingyu immediately called the experts of Beijing Ditan Hospital, and they were advised to receive patients for investigation and research. Later, because the patient's family members did not agree, they were unable to transfer to Jinyintan. December 29, 2019 is a special day for Huang Chaolin. This day is also the first day of Huang Chaolin's personal battle against the epidemic.<br /> <br /> On March 2, after 40 days of isolated treatment and rehabilitation, Huang Chaolin returned to work to fight the COVID-19 again. A person's multi identity war against &quot;epidemic&quot; would start on December 27, 2019. On the evening of December 27, 2019, Huang Chaolin and Zhang Dingyu were discussing matters in the office. During the discussion, he received a call from Wuhan Tongji Hospital requesting that a patient with coronavirus pneumonia be transferred to Jinyintan Hospital. The other person said on the phone that the coronavirus gene sequence had been detected in the case samples. With the sensitivity as a doctor, Huang Chaolin and Zhang Dingyu immediately called the experts of Beijing Ditan Hospital, and they were advised to receive patients for investigation and research. Later, because the patient's family members did not agree, they were unable to transfer to Jinyintan. December 29, 2019 is a special day for Huang Chaolin. This day is also the first day of Huang Chaolin's personal battle against the epidemic.<br /> <br /> ====疏珊 Shu Shan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 黄朝林得到通知，让他到湖北省中西医结合医院，对不明 原因的肺炎患者进行会诊。一一看完患者后，黄朝林说，这些 患者可能有传染性，收治在综合医院存在安全隐患。<br /> 黄朝林回忆，当天接到通知后，他和另外一名医院同事戴 ±N95 口罩，穿了件普通工作服，迅速赶往湖北省中西医结合 医院，发现这些患者已被安排在呼吸科相对独立的区域进行了 隔离。<br /> 到医院后，呼吸内科主任张继先向他们介绍了这些患者 的收治情况、可疑状况等，并和他们一一查看患者。坐下来 充分讨论后，专家们决定，把患者转去金银潭。随后，黄朝 林通过电话向张定宇和武汉市卫生健康委做了汇报，调来了 负压救护车。<br /> 一次传染病患者的转运，对一家传染病医院来说习以为常。 始料不及的是，随后的这场战“疫”，却前所未有地艰难。<br /> 安排好转运的事，黄朝林和同事又赶紧赶回自己的医院。<br /> <br /> Huang Chaolin was informed that he had been sent to the Hubei Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine to consult with patients with unexplained pneumonia. After seeing the patients one by one, Huang said that these patients might be infectious and that there was a safety risk if they were admitted to a general hospital.<br /> He and another hospital colleague, wearing a ±N95 mask and ordinary work clothes, quickly rushed to the Hospital, where the patients had been isolated in a relatively separate area of the respiratory department.<br /> On arrival at the hospital, Zhang Jixian, Director of the Respiratory Medicine Department, briefed them on the admissions and suspicious conditions of the patients, and examined them one by one. After a thorough discussion, the experts decided to transfer the patients to Jinyintan. Huang Zhaolin then reported to Zhang Dingyu and the Wuhan Health and Wellness Commission by telephone, and a negative pressure ambulance was brought in.<br /> A transfer of a patient with an infectious disease is not unusual for a hospital. What was unexpected was that the subsequent battle against the &quot;epidemic&quot; was more difficult than ever.<br /> After arranging the transfer, Huang Chaolin and his colleagues rushed back to their hospital.<br /> <br /> ====王芳玲 Wang Fangling====<br /> <br /> <br /> 为防止传染，他们要用最快的速度，把南七楼的患者转移，腾 出病房。<br /> 因为南七楼是金银潭医院的重症病区，从外院转来的疑难 传染患者，会先安排到这里。<br /> 医院给参加转运的医护人员全部上了三级防护，每转一个 患者，救护车就要彻底消毒一次，再接下一个患者。<br /> 患者全部转入后，金银潭医院的专家立刻开始会诊。 您住哪里？在哪里上班？最近接触过什么人？接触过什么动 物？……他们一边会诊，一边对患者展开了流行病学调查，直 到凌晨三四点……<br /> 这次转运从傍晚一直持续到深夜。<br /> <br /> <br /> To prevent infection, they had to move the patients on the south seventh floor and vacate the wards as quickly as possible. The south seventh floor as the intensive care ward of Jinyintan Hospital, patients who are transferred from other hospitals with difficult infections will be arranged here first. All the medical and nursing staffs who participated in the transfer were put on protection suits, masks at highest-level, and every time a patient was transferred, the ambulance had to be thoroughly disinfected before receiving the next patient. After all the patients transferred, specialists from Jinyintan Hospital immediately started the consultation. Where do you live? Where do you work? Who have you been in contact with recently? What animals have you been in contact with? ...... They started an epidemiological investigation of the patients while consulting them until three or four in the morning. ...... The transfer lasted from late afternoon until late at night.<br /> <br /> ====王纪龙 Wang Jilong==== <br /> <br /> 此后，黄朝林几乎没有休息，没有外出，没有回过家，几 乎夜以继日地奋战在抗疫火力最猛的第一线。<br /> 随着时间的推移，这类感染者日益增加，金银潭医院开始 人满为患。后来，湖北省卫健委从武汉地区抽调了医护人员支 援金银潭医院。<br /> 清腾病房、添置各种必须的仪器、安置患者、安排前来支 援的外院医护人员……医疗上的事，在他的职责范围，他得管； 作为专家，本院外院的会诊他要参加，他还以专家的身份出席 了两场疫情发布会。对他来说，每天能睡上4个小时就算是很 奢侈了……<br /> 进展快，是新冠肺炎的一个特点。作为医生，黄朝林参加 了一些危重患者的抢救和病例讨论。当时对这个疾病真的是一 无所知，病原不知道，感染途径不知道，患者的病情都比较重。 直到几天后，才陆续发现有些轻症患者。 <br /> <br /> <br /> ====王露 Wang Lu====<br /> <br /> 连续超负荷工作带来的疲劳和压力让黄朝林的免疫力下降, 每天与之塵战的病毒已不知不觉潜入他的体内，正在等待发作 的时机。从1月17日开始，他感到人很不舒服。22日那天， 他的核酸检测结果出来，是阳性，他感染了。晚上，他抽空去 拍了 CT,双肺已有毛玻璃样病灶。<br /> 那天之后，黄朝林再次走进病房时，他的身份已经变成患者, 血氧饱和度不到93%,属于重症。也是同一天，他在参加克力 芝试药的临床观察知情同意书上签下自己的名字，以身试药， 成为了 “试药人”中的一员，他想要通过自己的治疗，来验证 克力芝治疗新冠肺炎的临床疗效和安全性。<br /> 服药后，腹泻、呕 吐等严重不良反应接踵 而来。<br /> <br /> Huang Chaolin’s continuous overwork made him exhausted and stressed out, leading to decreased immunity. The coronavirus he fought against every day had crept into his body and was waiting for the right moment to attack. On January 17th, he began to feel unwell. And 5 days later, the result of his Covid test came out. It’s positive which meant he was infected. In the evening, he got a chance to have a CT scan, and it showed that there was ground-glass opacity in his lungs. After that, stepping into the ward, he became the patient in severe condition because his blood oxygen saturation level is less than 93%. At the same day, he signed the informed consent for clinical observation of Corizol test. From then on, he became one of the testers. He wanted to verify the effect and security of Corizol against Covid-19. However, the severe adverse reaction such as diarrhea and emesis kept coming.<br /> <br /> ====王琪 Wang Qi====<br /> <br /> 在病房里，黄朝 林听其他医生说，此前 ECMO救治的那名患者 在坚持了近20天后还 是去世了。作为专家， 他很清楚，自己的病情 可能也会一步步滑向危重，他也担心自己的病 情发展到上呼吸机、上 ECM。那一步。病情反 复的过程持续了十多天, 2月4日以后病情才出 现拐点，肺部影像学逐 渐好转，两次核酸检测呈阴性，符合出院标准。<br /> 3月2日，黄朝林历经40天的隔离治疗和康复，再回战“疫” 一线上班，再战新冠肺炎疫情。返岗第一天，黄朝林把自己的 工作日程安排得满满的，去了很多病区了解情况，参加了一些 医疗队交流会。在有的病区，他一边询问入院患者特点、治疗 手段、出院情况，一边记录下需要解决的问题。<br /> 当前，战“疫”还在持续，黄朝林表示，他会更加小心， 做好防护，不到全胜不松懈。<br /> <br /> ==Part 7== <br /> <br /> ====汪世博 Wang Shibo====<br /> <br /> <br /> 为省10分钟，夫妻俩“以车为家”<br /> 2月22日晚9时许，不远处“武汉市金银潭医院”的霓虹 灯光，揉进车内昏暗的光束里，映在涂盛锦和曹珊脸上，让这 个夜晚显得不是那么冷。<br /> 这是这对医护夫妻将要在车上度过的第29个晚上。<br /> 和往常一样，涂盛锦在前排副驾斜躺着，翻着书，曹珊在 后排半卧着，盯着手机，时不时两人就把头凑一块聊上几句。<br /> 今年44岁的涂盛锦是武汉市金银潭医院南六楼重症隔离病 区副主任医师，40岁的曹珊是南二楼病区护士。<br /> 首批9名“不明肺炎患者”转入金银潭医院后的第二天， 涂盛锦就参与到了救治工作中。后来，病区越开越多，曹珊从 1月7日也投入到了这场战“疫”。<br /> <br /> To save time, the couple chose to live in a car <br /> At 9:00 p.m. on February 22, the lights of the neon sign reading &quot;Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital&quot; not far away mixed with the dim light in the car and reflected on the faces of Tu Shengjin and Cao Shan, making the night not so cold. This is the 29th night the healthcare couple will spend in the car. As usual, Tu Shengjin was lying reclined in the front passenger seat, flipping through a book, while Cao Shan was half reclining in the back row, staring at the mobile phone, and from time to time the two of them put their heads together to chat. 44-year-old Tu Shengjin is the deputy chief physician of the intensive isolation ward on the sixth floor of South Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan City, and Cao Shan, 40, is a nurse in the ward of the second floor of the south. The day after the first batch of 9 patients with &quot;unknown pneumonia&quot; were transferred to Jinyintan Hospital, Tu Shengjin participated in the treatment work. Later, more and more wards were opened, and Cao Shan also participated in this &quot;epidemic&quot; battle from January 7.(Wang Yashu)<br /> <br /> ====王雅姝 Wang Yashu ====<br /> <br /> 同一栋楼，但两人白天各自忙各自，没时间见面，11岁的 儿子完全交给了家中的老人。<br /> “家在武汉南湖边，隔着长江，开车要40分钟。”曹珊说， 平时都是涂盛锦开车，一起上下班。<br /> 疫情暴发后，医院成为抗疫前线，涂盛锦所在的重症病区上 下班没准点。曹珊说，有次两人下班匆匆忙忙回到家，丈夫车都 没下，又要赶回医院继续上班，“第二天一早又来家里接我上班， 那样他太辛苦。“<br /> 1月23日，武汉关闭出城交通，不久市内公共交通停运， 全院医护和工作人员不能回家的太多，加上前来支援的医疗队， 单位宿舍爆满，酒店房间也吃紧。夫妻俩决定把机会让给其他 同事，“在车上睡几次也习惯了”。<br /> 正月初一那天开始，这辆陪伴8年的爱车成了他们的第二 个家。<br /> <br /> Though working in the same building, both the husband and the wife were busy with their own jobs during the day and had no time to see each other. Their 11-year-old son was taken care of by his grandparents at home.<br /> &quot;Our house is located at the South Lake in Wuhan, separated from the hospital by the Yangtze River. It takes 40 minutes to drive,&quot; said Cao Shan. The couple usually commutes together with Tu Shengjin driving the car. After the outbreak of the epidemic, the hospital became the front line of the fight against the epidemic, and the intensive care area where Tu worked had no fixed time for work and rest. According to Cao Shan, once when they hurried back home, her husband even didn't get out of the car and immediately drove back to the hospital to continue working. <br /> &quot;The next morning, he came back home to pick me up for work. It was too exhausting for him.&quot; On January 23, Wuhan imposed a traffic lockdown and soon public transportation was suspended. Too many doctors, nurses, and staff in the hospital could not go home. And with the medical teams who came to support, the hospital's dormitory could not accommodate more people, and the hotel rooms were also under strain. Therefore, the couple decided to give up the opportunity to other colleagues, &quot;I have got used to sleeping in the car after a few times.&quot; From the first day of the first lunar month, this beloved car that has been with them for 8 years has become their second home.<br /> <br /> ====王植碧 Wang Zhibi====<br /> <br /> <br /> 2020年2月22日晩，在武汉市金银潭医院内，涂盛锦（左）和曹珊在车内休息 （新华社记者熊琦摄）<br /> “买车时特意挑了一款后备厢大的，想着以后有机会自驾 露营。”曹珊笑了起来。<br /> “我个儿不高，前座也还塞得下。她睡后排，为了方便她 伸开腿脚，塞了纸箱把后排空隙填起来，还有爱心人士捐的暖 宝宝。”涂盛锦对眼前的“居住环境”还蛮知足。<br /> 这些天，医院又协调出一些附近的酒店房间，可两人反而 有点舍不得这个“小家”。<br /> “房间是有，但酒店到医院开车都得10多分钟。遇到抢 救的，那是按秒算，有这时间就可能把患者从死亡线上拉回 来！”涂盛锦还是决定在车上过夜，而且基本不脱外套，就盖 个被子，“现在是吃饭、睡觉都要抓紧时间的时候，能省多少 时间是多少。”<br /> On the evening of February 22, 2020, in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tu Shengjin (left) and Cao Shan were taking a rest in the car (photographed by Xiong Qi, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency). &quot;When buying a car, we chose a large trunk, thinking that we would have a chance to camp by ourselves in the future.&quot; Cao Shan laughed. &quot;I'm not tall, and the front seat can still be stuffed. She sleeps in the back row. In order to make it easier for her to stretch her legs, she fills the space in the back row with cardboard boxes. There are also warm babies(heat patch) donated by good-hearted people.&quot; Tu Shengjin is quite satisfied with the &quot;living environment&quot; in front of her. These days, the hospital has coordinated some nearby hotel rooms, but they two are a little reluctant to part with this &quot;small home&quot;. &quot;There are rooms, but it takes more than 10 minutes to drive from the hotel to the hospital. In case of rescue, it is calculated by the second, and the patient may be pulled back from the death line at this time!&quot; Tu Shengjin still decided to stay in the car overnight, and did not take off his coat, so he just put on a quilt. &quot;Now it is time to hurry up when eating and sleeping,we need to try our best to save time&quot;<br /> <br /> On the evening of February 22, 2020, in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tu Shengjin (left) and Cao Shan were taking a rest in the car (photographed by Xiong Qi, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency). &quot;When buying a car, we intentionally chose a large trunk, thinking that we would have a chance to camp by ourselves in the future.&quot; Cao Shan laughed. &quot;I'm not tall, and the front seat can still be stuffed. She sleeps in the back seat. In order to make it easy for her to stretch her legs, she fills the space in the back row with cardboard boxes. There are also warm babies(heat patches) donated by good-hearted people.&quot; Tu Shengjin is quite satisfied with the &quot;living environment&quot; in front of him. These days, the hospital has coordinated some nearby hotel rooms, but they two are a little reluctant to part with this &quot;small home&quot;. &quot;There are rooms, but it takes more than 10 minutes to drive from the hotel to the hospital. In case of rescues, time is calculated by the second, and the patient may be pulled back from the death line at this time!&quot; Tu Shengjin still decided to stay in the car overnight and usually did not take off his coat, so he just put on a quilt. &quot;Now it is time to hurry up even when eating and sleeping, we need to try our best to save time.&quot;(Wang Zhiling)<br /> <br /> ====王智灵 Wang Zhiling====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> “病房里一个电话，他比谁都跑得快。”曹珊说，知道涂 盛锦放心不下患者，她也留下来陪丈夫，“我一个人睡不着， 我不在旁边，他也睡不安稳。”<br /> 白天4层楼的距离，对涂盛锦和曹珊来说可望而不可即。 每天车上说说话，两人已经很满足。<br /> 平日里，涂盛锦不怎么爱说话，但在车上这会儿，总喜欢 凑着曹珊聊天。<br /> 曹珊说，没了生活上的琐事，就聊聊科室里的工作，说着 说着就睡着了。<br /> 涂盛锦偷偷告诉记者，曹珊一晚上大概要翻身10次左右， “我都数着呢。她一有动静，我都能感觉到，动一下就回头看 她一眼，被子有没有掉了，腿有没有放好。”<br /> 深夜，武汉的风依旧凛冽。<br /> <br /> &quot;As long as a phone call rings in the ward, he runs faster than anyone else.&quot; Cao Shan said, Knowing that Tu Shengjin worried about patients, she also stayed with her husband, &quot;I can't sleep alone, he can't sleep well either when I’m not beside him.&quot; During the day, Tu Shengjin and Cao shan were separated by the distance of four floors, which is beyond reach for them. They have been very satisfied with talking to each other in the car every day. On ordinary days, Tu Shengjin doesn't like to talk, but he always like to chat with Cao Shan while in the car. Cao shan said, they talk about the work in the department without the trivia of life, and gradually fall asleep while talking. Tu Shengjin secretly told the reporter that Cao Shan would turn over about 10 times a night, &quot;I've counted it. Whenever she moves, I can feel it. If she moves, I will look back at her to see if the quilt has fallen off or if her legs have been put away.&quot; Late at night, the wind in Wuhan is still chilly.<br /> <br /> ====吴博涵 Wu Bohan====<br /> <br /> <br /> “以后回想起来，应该是挺浪漫的一件事吧。”涂盛锦放下手里的书，扭头盯着已相识近20年的曹珊说道。<br /> 小车里，有点挤，有点呼噜声，余下的，是关于“疫”时的别样陪伴。<br /> 早晨6点半，是夫妻俩下车的时间，他们又将开始新一天的战“疫”<br /> （新华社武汉2020年2月23日电 记者侯文坤）<br /> <br /> “Looking back on it, it must have been romantic.” Tu Shengjin put down his book and stared at Cao Shan, whom he has met for nearly 20 years. It was a little crowded in the car, some are little snoring noises, and the rest is about a special kind of company at the time of “pandemic”. It was 6:30 a.m. and the time for the couple to get off the car and start another day of fighting the “pandemic”. [Wuhan, February 23rd, 2020 (Xinhua News Agency, Reporter Hou Wenkun)]<br /> <br /> “At some point, we’ll look back and this is going to be a romantic story.” Tu Shengjin put down his book and turned to look at Cao Shan, whom he had met for nearly 20 years. It was a little crowded in the car, some were little snoring noises, and the rest was about a special kind of company during pandemic. It was 6:30 a.m. and the time for the couple to get off the car and start another day of fighting the pandemic. [Wuhan, February 23rd, 2020 (Xinhua News Agency, Reporter Hou Wenkun)]<br /> <br /> 风暴中心的药师们<br /> <br /> The pharmacists in the storm center<br /> <br /> The pharmacists in the eye of the storm<br /> <br /> 武汉市金银潭医院内有一支负责为前线输送“弹药”的保障部队——药师们。<br /> 为了不能让战士空手与病毒肉搏，药师们放弃所有休假，举全科之力，积极投身到战场中去。<br /> <br /> Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan has a support unit responsible for delivering &quot;ammunition&quot; to the front line -- pharmacists. In order not to leave the soldiers empty-handed while hand-to-hand combating with the virus, the pharmacists gave up all the leave and actively dived into the battlefield with all the strength of the whole department.<br /> <br /> Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan has a support unit responsible for delivering &quot;ammunition&quot; to the front line -- pharmacists. In order not to leave the soldiers empty-handed in the hand-to-hand fight with the virus, the pharmacists gave up all their leave and rallied the whole department to actively dive into the battlefield.<br /> <br /> ====伍超穎 Wu Chaoying====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 疫情就是命令！<br /> <br /> Go where there is epidemic, fight it till it perishes.<br /> <br /> 战“疫”刚刚打响，医院药剂科党支部书记郭晓红就立即召开了支部党员大会，宣布进入战时状态。门诊药房冯金海，中药房韩龙蜂，住院药房闫勇、涂莉、祁玮，药办张志右、 章文、段洪，纷纷表态服从科室安排，随时支援工作量大的部门。<br /> <br /> As soon as the fight against COVID-19 started, Guo Xiaohong, secretary of the Party branch of the Pharmacy Department of the hospital, immediately held a Party member meeting of the Party branch and announced that it had entered into a “wartime” state. Feng Jinhai of Outpatient Pharmacy, Han Longfeng of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, Yan Yong, Tu Li, Qi Wei of Inpatient Pharmacy, and Zhang Zhiyou, Zhang Wen, and Duan Hong of the Office of Pharmaceutical Science, all said that they would be subject to the arrangement of the department and support sections with heavy workloads at any time.<br /> <br /> 战斗一开始，药剂科就少了两名员工，紧接着又因病减员一人。关键时刻，药剂科党支部的党员们，主动申请加入到人员紧张的药库和住院药房，充分发挥党员先锋模范带头作用， 奋战在药剂科最前线，保证了药剂科各项工作的顺利开展，给医护一线提供了强有力的药品保障。<br /> <br /> At the beginning of the battle, the Pharmacy Department was two members short, and then one less person due to illness. At a critical moment, the Party members of the Party branch of the Pharmacy Department took the initiative to apply to join the understaffed drug storehouse and Inpatient Pharmacy and give full play to the exemplary vanguard role of Party members, fighting at the forefront of the Pharmacy Department to ensure a good start of various tasks in the Pharmacy Department and the full supply of medicines for frontline health workers.<br /> <br /> 党支部书记郭晓红、住院药房班组长闫勇、药剂科负责人陈靖瞰就是其中代表人物。<br /> <br /> Guo Xiaohong, secretary of the Party branch, Yan Yong, team leader of the Inpatient Pharmacy, and Chen Jingkan, head of the Pharmacy Department, were among the representatives.<br /> <br /> ====吴敏 Wu Min====<br /> <br /> <br /> 郭晓红自战“疫”打响那一刻起，就放弃了所有的休息， 即便自己身体不适，仍然一直坚守在药房一线。在这非常时期， 她一方面积极协助药剂科各项工作，做好人员调配、药品消毒 品领用与发放等工作，另一方面挤出时间安排支部党员的主题 党日学习。她说，工作再忙也不能放弃学习，尤其要向身边先 进典型学习，学习英雄人物张定宇院长“舍小家顾大家”的无 私奉献精神，学习放射科樊艳青主任爱岗敬业、精益求精的专 业精神。<br /> 同时她又是科室职工的贴心人，工作之余，经常关心职工， 嘘寒问暖，每天反复多次叮嘱大家一定要做好个人防护，确保 零感染。她常说：“做好个人防护，既是保护自己，也是保护 家人！”<br /> 1月2 8日，早上7时30分许，郭晓红突然接到电话，马 上有一批援助药品到医院，需要接收。她放下电话，立即推上 推车赶往医院门诊大楼。一辆堆满了足足有数百件药品的超长 大卡车停在门诊大楼前。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli====<br /> <br /> <br /> “大家都在各自岗位坚守，没有搬运工人，只能靠我们药 师自己上啦！ ”她招呼大家行动起来，用小推车一车接着一车， 把所有药品一箱箱运到了药库。<br /> 正如她所说，战“疫”非常时期，科室职工都在超负荷工作, 药工人数严重不足，再苦再累的活儿药师都得顶上！ “我身为 共产党员，更应该站在前头！”<br /> 2月9日凌晨，郭晓红手机再次响起，“嫂子嫂子，父亲 走了，怎么办啊！”<br /> 远在家乡的小叔子在电话里伤心地哭着说，原来郭晓红的 公公于2019年12月底确诊为心梗合并脑梗，一个多月来一直 在当地医院住院治疗，但由于武汉疫情严峻，抗疫工作需要， 郭晓红没休息过一天，根本无暇回去看望老人，“直到他老人家临走前那一刻，我都不能送他一程，我这当晚辈的真是万分 的悲痛和惭愧啊！”郭晓红边说边哽咽着。<br /> <br /> &quot;Everyone is sticking to their posts. There are no porters. We have to rely on the medicine man himself!&quot; She called them into action and carried all the medicines to the drugstore by cart after cart. As she said, in the emergency period of the war against the epidemic, the department staff were overloaded with work, and the number of pharmaceutical workers was seriously insufficient. No matter how hard and tiring the work, pharmacists had to take over! &quot;As a Communist, I should stand in the front!&quot; In the early morning of February 9, Guo Xiaohong's mobile phone rang again, &quot;sister-in-law sister-in-law, father left, how to do ah!&quot; Guo Xiaohong's father-in-law was diagnosed with myocardial infarction combined with cerebral infarction at the end of December 2019, and has been hospitalized in the local hospital for more than a month. However, due to the severe epidemic situation in Wuhan and the need of the anti-epidemic work, Guo Xiaohong didn't take a day off and had no time to go back to visit the old man. &quot;Until the moment before he left, I can not even see him off, I am a junior, how sad and ashamed!&quot; Guo Xiaohong choked up as she spoke.<br /> <br /> “Everyone holds fast to their position. Since there are no porters, now our pharmacists can only rely on ourselves!” She called on everyone to take actions and carry all the medicines to the drugstore cart by cart. As she said, at the crucial stage against the epidemic, staff in all department were overloaded with work. As the pharmaceutical workers were in shortage, our pharmacists have to take over the work, no matter how hard it is. As a Communist, I should stand at the front!&quot; In the early morning of February 9, Guo Xiaohong's mobile phone rang again, &quot;sister-in-law! sister-in-law! father passed away, what shall we do!”, her brother-in-law wined heartrendingly on the other side of the phone. Guo Xiaohong's father-in-law was diagnosed with myocardial infarction combined with cerebral infarction at the end of December 2019, and has been hospitalized in the local hospital for more than a month. However, due to the severe epidemic situation in Wuhan and the need of the anti-epidemic work, Guo Xiaohong didn't take a day off and also had no time to go back to visit the old man. &quot;Even by the moment he left, I cannot see him off. How sad and ashamed I am to be his junior!&quot; Guo Xiaohong spoke in a choked voice.<br /> <br /> ====席书涵 Xi Shuhan ====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 住院药房是药剂科工作量最大的部门，不仅为全院21个病 区调剂药品，还要直接送药品到病区。团队共11人，最年轻的 药师杨文也有40岁了，都是上有老下有小的年纪。<br /> 进入2020年，医院通知取消假日休息，住院药房工作量 猛然增加，作为班组长的闫勇，感觉到了用药和班务人员的紧张。 临床使用药品品种的增多，必将增加调剂差错风险。他一边关 注每天药品的消耗情况，一边调增上班人数。<br /> 闫勇幵始每天在工作群发布消息，大家称为闫式“碎碎念”，<br /> <br /> 金银潭医院药邠坚守在药房<br /> <br /> The inpatient pharmacy was the department with the most workload since it not only needed to dispense medicines for totally 21 inpatient areas but had to send them directly there. Totally there are 11 people in the team. The youngest pharmacist Li Wen was already 40 years old, an age that one has both his parents and children to take care of. Entering 2020, the hospital cancelled all the vacations and the workload of the inpatient pharmacy surged. Yan Yong who was the head of the department noticed they were badly in need of medicines and medical workers. With larger varieties of medicines put in use in clinical practice, the risk of wrongly dispensing medicine would also increase. In this case, every day, he, on the one hand, needed to overlook the consumption of the medicines and on the other hand, had to deploy more medical workers to share their workload. Yan Yong started to send messages in the working group every day and his colleagues called it jokingly as “Yan style nagging”.<br /> <br /> ====夏盼 Xia Pan====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 或是给大家鼓劲，或是提醒大家药品规格、剂型的变动，减少 调剂差错。“碎碎念”满怀着对工作人员的关爱，更寄托着一 份药剂人员的工作责任。<br /> 随着战“疫”形势的日益严峻，各个医疗队的进驻，新开 病区的增多，支援的医生、护士纷纷加入临床一线，但是医院 药学人员并没有增加，住院药房压力骤增。<br /> 连日奋战没有休息的药师们已经很辛苦了，雪上加霜的 是1月23日开始武汉市公共交通停运，住在光谷的同事措手不 及，面临上下班问题。关键时候，作为共产党员的闫勇顶了上去, 有同事身体不舒服，闫勇帮他上夜班；住在光谷的同事上班遇 到困难，闫勇开着私家车起个大早去接。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====夏依颐 Xia Yiyi====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 陈靖圖是药剂科党支部宣传委员，药剂科科室负责人，多 重身份和角色决定了他丝毫不敢马虎。自疫情发生以来，他已 经三十多天没回过家。<br /> 既要协调全院的药品、消毒品采购供应，又要统筹安排科 室管理。尽管身体不适，但是他依然坚守岗位，经常加班到深夜, 被大家称为“奔波中的忙人”。<br /> 1月13日晚8点多，ICU患者急需尼卡地平针，当晚就要 使用，这个时间找医药公司送货完全不可能，陈靖岐紧急联系 各大医院，最终跑了两家医院的夜间药房才借来30支，并连夜 赶回医院送到ICU。<br /> 后来医院又新增了 4个ICU,全国各地医疗队也进驻医院。 陈靖蹟更忙了，他白天监控全院用药数据、调整库存，晚上联 系第二天到货药品，保证紧俏药品如丙球、阿比多尔、连花清 瘟等不断货。<br /> 春节期间医药公司运力不足，经常会晚上送货过来，于是， 为了更迅速地调配和接收药品物资，陈靖岐索性不回家了。他说, 跟临床一线比起来，这点苦不算什么，只要不断货，不影响患 者治疗，一切都是值得的。<br /> Chen Jingtu is a propaganda member of the Party Branch of the Pharmacy Department and the head of the Pharmacy Department. His multiple identities and roles dictate that he does not dare to be sloppy in any way. He has not returned home for more than 30 days since the outbreak. He has to coordinate the procurement and supply of drugs and disinfection products for the whole hospital, as well as to coordinate the management of the department. Despite his ill health, he remained at his post and often worked late into the night, and was known as the &quot;busy man on the run&quot;. On January 13 at 8:00 p.m., ICU patients urgently needed nicardipine injections, which were to be used that night, and it was impossible to find a pharmaceutical company to deliver them at this time. Chen Jingmu was even busier, monitoring the hospital's medication data and adjusting the inventory during the day, and contacting the next day's arrival at night to ensure that drugs in short supply, such as Propecia, Abidor, and Lianhua, were kept in stock. During the Chinese New Year, the pharmaceutical company's capacity is insufficient, so they often deliver at night, so in order to allocate and receive drugs and supplies more quickly, Chen Jingqi simply does not go home. He said, &quot;Compared to the clinical frontline, this is nothing, as long as we don't keep the goods and don't affect the patients' treatment, everything is worth it.<br /> <br /> ====夏紫纯 Xia Zichun====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 这场疫情恰逢年关，医院后勤物业人员紧缺，协助搬运输 液送药的工人没有了。药剂科理解医院人员荒的困境，面对每 周500件输液以及每天21个病区药品没人送到病房的严峻问 题，药剂科紧急动员起来，药库、住院药房、门诊药房、小药房、 临床药学所有部门人员紧急行动起来，在陈靖赜的带领下一箱 箱装车，一车车拖到病区。<br /> 作为科室负责人，陈靖赜没有坐在办公室，而是有困难亲 自带领队伍冲上去，体现了共产党员迎难而上的精神。<br /> “张定宇院长说现在是战时状态，在这场艰苦的战’疫’中， 药剂科团队没有一人当逃兵。”陈靖赜说。 <br /> <br /> 庚子春疫情中的“120部队”<br /> <br /> The epidemic coincided with the New Year's Eve, and the hospital's logistics and property staff were in short supply, so workers to assist in transporting fluids and delivering medications were not available. The pharmacy department understood the plight of the hospital's staff shortage. Faced with the serious problem of 500 infusions per week and no one to deliver medications to the wards in 21 wards every day, the pharmacy department mobilized urgently. The pharmacy, inpatient pharmacy, outpatient pharmacy, small pharmacy, and clinical pharmacy all acted with urgency, loading boxes of drugs onto trucks and hauling them to the wards under the leadership of Chen Jingtan.<br /> <br /> The epidemic coincided with Spring Festival holidays so logistics and property staff were in short supply and workers transporting infusions and medications were not available. To alleviate the woe that 500 infusions per week and everyday medications for 21 wards had on one to deliver, each person in the pharmacy department act quickly, assisted by staff in the drugstore house, inpatient and outpatient dispensaries, small pharmacies and clinical pharmacy. They loaded boxes of drugs and hauled them to the wards under the leadership Chen Jingze. <br /> <br /> As the head of the department, Chen Jingmu did not stay in the office, but led the team to rush up when there were difficulties, embodying the spirit of the Communist Party members to rise to the occasion.<br /> <br /> As the head of the department, Chen Jingze did not stay in the office, but led the team to overcome those difficulties, embodying the unyielding spirit of a Communist.<br /> <br /> &quot;President Zhang Dingyu said it is now a wartime state, and in this tough 'epidemic', no one in the pharmacy team is a deserter.&quot; Chen Jingqi said. <br /> <br /> “President Zhang Dingyu said we were in a tough war against this epidemic, no one in the pharmacy department was a deserter.&quot; said Chen Jingze.<br /> <br /> The &quot;120 Emergency Team&quot; at the beginning of the epidemic in 2020 Spring.<br /> <br /> The Emergency Team in the Outbreak During Spring of 2020<br /> <br /> ====向明慧 Xiang Minghui ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 2019年12月29日，金银潭医院门诊120接到指令，要求 着三级防护从湖北省中西医结合医院转运一批不明原因肺炎患 者至金银潭医院。从那天起，这支“120部队”就正式进入了 抗击新冠肺炎的战役中。<br /> 突如其来的一场疫情，打乱了所有人的工作和生活。从慌 忙应战到忙中有序，从担忧害怕到奋起战“疫”，从孤军作战 到团结抗疫，个中滋味，五味杂陈。<br /> 疫情期间，医院“120部队”经历了很多很多，有感人的事迹， 也有窝心的委屈，更有大是大非面前的坚定和勇敢！在这场没 有硝烟的战争中，他们用实际行动证明了，这是一支讲原则、 守纪律、能吃苦、能战斗的队伍！<br /> <br /> On December 29,2019, the outpatient department of Jinyintan Hospital received instructions to transfer a group of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause from Hubei Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine to Jinyintan Hospital with level 3 (the highest level) protective devices. Sine then, they engaged in the battle against Covid-19. <br /> <br /> The sudden outbreak disrupted their life. They managed to overcome obstacles and negative emotions to fight the virus methodically and courageously. Staff from different departments work together. Only those who experienced it knew the mixed feelings. <br /> <br /> They went through lots of difficulties. Despite bitterness, they were still determined and brave, leaving touching stories. Over time, they proved with practical action that they are principled, disciplined, tenacious and resilient.<br /> <br /> On December 29, 2019, the outpatient department of Jinyintan Hospital received instructions to transfer a group of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause from Hubei Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine to Jinyintan Hospital with level 3 (the highest level) protective devices. Since then, they have engaged in the battle against Covid-19.<br /> <br /> The sudden outbreak disrupted people’s life. From panic to order, from fear to courage and from fighting alone to unity, staff from different departments work together. Only those who experienced it knew the mixed feelings.<br /> <br /> They went through lots of difficulties. Despite bitterness, they were still determined and brave, leaving touching stories. Over time, they proved with practical action that they are principled, disciplined, tenacious and capable.<br /> <br /> ====肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 一个好的团队，需要一个好的领头羊，她就是金银潭医院 急救站站长李晓松。提起她，包括网络站点的所有人都说她是 一个“铁娘子”。<br /> 从疫情刚开始到现在，她一天都不休息，特别是在大型转 运期间，几乎每天工作到凌晨，有时甚至到凌晨两三点。几乎 所有参与转运的急救车辆都能看到她，站在刺骨的寒风中，拿<br /> 着对讲机和转诊名单，对接每一位转来的患者。<br /> <br /> A good team needs a good leader. The good leader of Jinyintan Hospital is the first aid station master named Li Xiaosong. Everyone, including the people in the online site, called her the &quot;Iron Lady&quot;. Since the beginning of the epidemic, she has not taken a day off. Especially during the large referral of patients, she worked almost daily until the early hours, sometimes until two or three o’clock in the morning. Almost all of the emergency vehicles involved in the referral had seen her standing in the biting cold, holding a walkie-talkie and a referral list and docking with each incoming patient.<br /> <br /> A good team needs a good leader.Li Xiaosong, who is the first aid station master of Jinyintan Hosptital, could be called a good leader. Everyone, including the people in the online site, called her the &quot;Iron Lady&quot;. Since the beginning of the epidemic, she had never had a rest, specially during the large referral of patients, she worked almost daily until the early hours, sometimes until two or three o’clock in the morning. Almost you could see her in all of the emergency vehicles involved in the referral and standing in the biting cold, holding a walkie-talkie and a referral list and docking with each incoming patient.<br /> <br /> ====肖娜 Xiao Na====<br /> <br /> 据不完全统计，经她对接的患者有388人次。从安排转运、 核对名单、评估病情、患者交接到收治完成，整个过程，她都 协调跟踪。<br /> 在大型转运时，可以看到这样的场景：120的急救车一路 蓝光闪烁，急驰而来，在急诊通道排成一条长龙，等待对接。 在交接的过程中，有时会碰到这样或那样的问题，有的车氧气 不够了、有的患者需要轮椅、有的车辆需要消毒……碰到这些 琐碎又急需解决的问题，120总部都会通知她来协调处理。连 续一个多月，天天如此。看到她忙得像个陀螺，又没有外援， 同事心疼地说：“你真是狠哪，所有120的转运任务结束了， 你才能睡，要学会心疼自己，身体要紧，悠着点。”<br /> <br /> According to incomplete statistics, there were 388 patients who had been docked by her. She coordinated the entire process, from arranging transfer, checking lists, assessing the condition, transferring the patients to the completion of admission. In large-scale transport, you could see the following scenario: The 120 ambulances flashed blue light all the way and came at a rapid pace, forming a long queue in the emergency passage, waiting for docking. In the process of handing over, sometimes we encountered problems of one kind or another. Some cars had insufficient oxygen, some patients needed wheelchairs, and some vehicles needed disinfection...When these trivial and urgent problems were met, 120 headquarters would inform her to handle. Every day for over a month. Seeing that she was busy like a top and had no outside help, her colleagues said distressedly: &quot;You are really ruthless. It's not to sleep for you until all 120 transshipment task ended. You should learn how to love yourself and your health is more important.&quot;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> According to incomplete statistics, there were 388 patients who had been docked by her. She coordinated the entire process, from arranging transfer, checking lists, assessing the condition, transferring the patients to the completion of admission. In large-scale transport, you could see the following scenario: The 120 ambulances flashed blue light all the way and came at a rapid pace, forming a long queue in the emergency passage, waiting for docking. In the process of handing over, sometimes we encountered problems of one kind or another. Some cars had insufficient oxygen, some patients needed wheelchairs, and some vehicles needed disinfection...When these trivial and urgent problems were met, 120 headquarters would inform her to handle. Every day for over a month. Seeing that she was busy like a top and had no outside help, her colleagues said distressedly: &quot;You are really ruthless. It's not to sleep for you until all 120 transshipment task ended. You should learn how to love yourself and your health is more important.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin====<br /> <br /> 李晓松笑着说：“没有办法，事情落到头上来，只能做好， 毕竟，天下急救一家亲，最重要的是不能给我们金银潭医院 丢脸。”<br /> 李晓松性格外向开朗，经常在科室讲笑话，调节紧张的气氛， 逗同事开心，还时不时给同事打气鼓劲。她说：“一定要有信心， 经历了非典、甲流、禽流感、H7N9,所有的疫情我都参与了， 也都挺过来了，相信这次的疫情也会过去的。”她的最大心愿 就是希望科室所有的人都平平安安，做到零感染。<br /> 零感染不光是一个目标、一句口号，需要真正落实到每一 个细节中去。医院120作为一个特殊的科室，不仅有医生护士， 还有驾驶员和担架员，只有每个人都按标准流程防护，才能真 正达到零感染。作为科室负责人，李晓松重视岗前培训、严格 考核和监管。在她的严格要求下，人人熟知工作流程，个个规 范穿脱防护。<br /> <br /> Li Xiausong smiled and said, &quot;We have no choice but to do it better when we are responible for things.After all, the most important thing for us is that we can not to bring shame on our hospital.&quot;<br /> Li Xiaosong's character is outgoing and cheerful.She often tells jokes in the department, adjusts the tense atmosphere, makes his colleagues happy and gives them encouragement from time to time.She said: &quot;We must have confidence, experienced SARS, H1N1, bird flu, H7N9, all the epidemic I have participated in and survived, I believe this epidemic will pass as well.&quot;Her greatest wish is to hope that all the people in the department are safe, to achieve zero infection.<br /> Zero infection is not just a goal or a slogan. It needs to be implemented in every detail. As a special unit, the hospital has not only doctors and nurses, but also drivers and stretcher bearers. Only when everyone follows standard procedures can we really reach zero infections. As the head of the department, Li Xiaosong attaches great importance to pre-job training, strict assessment and supervision.Under her strict requirements, everyone knows the procedures, and everyone is dressed and unguarded strictly.<br /> <br /> ====谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu ====<br /> <br /> 从1月中旬起，每天的转运量开始急剧上升，考虑到医院 目前人员紧张，为了不增加医院的困难，李晓松率先改变排班 模式，将急救团队分成三个小组，每天两台负压车满负荷运转， 实行弹性排班，所有人24小时处于待命状态！她本人则24小 时守在科室，除了日常管理，每天还要操心耗材、对接患者、 消毒督导，遇到特殊的任务，还要亲自参与转运。<br /> 在一次火神山的转运任务中，120总部让她协助当天的核 对转运工作，10台负压车同时出发，从中午1时起，穿上厚厚 的防护服，直到晚上9点多才回到医院，全身的衣服都湿透了。<br /> 就是这样的一位“铁娘子”，当提起她的母亲时，禁不住 泪流满面。李晓松的家人因为工作和学习的原因，都在国外， 家里只有她和母亲两人，因为疫情防控工作，她将年近八旬的 老人独自留在家中，休息的时候才会打个电话，问候一下。<br /> <br /> From the middle of January, daily transport volume began to rise sharply. Considering the hospital was overstaffed, in order not to increase the difficulties of the hospital, Li Xiaosong took the lead in changing the scheduling mode. She divided the first aid team into three groups, with two negative pressure vehicles running at full capacity every day, implementing flexible scheduling, and everyone on standby 24 hours a day! She spent 24 hours in the department. In addition to daily management, she also had to worry about consumables, dock patients, provide supervision and guidance for disinfection, and personally participate in transport when encountering special tasks. During a transport mission in Huoshenshan, the 120 headquarter asked her to assist in the check and transport work that day. Ten negative pressure vehicles set off at the same time. She wore a thick protective suit from 1 p.m., and did not return to the hospital until after 9 p.m. Her clothes were drenched with sweat. Such an “iron lady”, when talking about her mother, could not help bursting into tears. Li Xiaosong’s family were abroad due to work and study, and she and her mother were the only two people at home. Due to the epidemic prevention and control work, she left the elderly women in her late 70s alone at home, and only called her when she had a rest.<br /> <br /> &lt;nowiki&gt;Insert non-formatted text here&lt;/nowiki&gt;====谢茜敏 Xie Ximin ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 当问到她选择这个职业后不后悔时，她毫不犹豫地说，不 后悔！她相信所有的付出都是值得的，为了自己的祖国，为了 自己的家乡，必须坚守岗位，无私奉献。<br /> 在120工作，是没有生活规律可循的，能睡觉时赶快睡， 能吃饭时赶快吃，因为你永远不知道完成任务后，会不会马上还有下一单。更多的时候，中午出发，也许到晚上才能回。一单接一单的急救任务，数量有限的防护装备，决定了 “随遇而安、 随时待命”是李晓松和同事唯一能选择的工作方式。有一次，来了一单任务，将一位疑似感染的患者从家里送到指定的隔离酒店。当李晓松的同事到达呼救地点时，患者始终联系不上，经多方打听，终于联系上远在外地的子女，才将患者送到隔离酒店。<br /> <br /> When asked if she regreted choosing this career, she said no without hesitation! She believed that all the efforts were worth it. For her own motherland and hometown, she must stick to the post with selfless dedication. There was no daily routine when working in 120. You must sleep and eat as soon as you could, because you never knew if there would be another order after you just finished one task. More often, they left at noon and might not return until evening. With a series of first-aid tasks and a finite amount of protective equipment, the only working mode Li Xiaosong and his colleagues could choose was to &quot;make the best of things and be always ready&quot;. Once came a mission transferring a patient with suspected infection from his or her home to the designated quarantine hotel. When Li Xiaosong's colleagues arrived at the rescue site, the patient could not be reached. After making inquiries, they finally contacted the patient's children far away from home, and sent the patient to the quarantine hotel.<br /> <br /> <br /> When asked if she regretted choosing this career, she said no without hesitation! She believed that all the efforts were worth it. For her own motherland and hometown, she must stick to the post with selfless dedication. There was no daily routine when working in 120. You must sleep and eat as soon as you can, because you never know if there will be another order after you have just finished one task. More often, they left at noon and might not return until evening. With a series of first-aid tasks and a finite amount of protective equipment, the only working mode Li Xiaosong and his colleagues could choose was to &quot;make the best of things and be always ready&quot;. Once came a mission transferring a patient with suspected infection from his or her home to the designated quarantine hotel. When Li Xiaosong's colleagues arrived at the rescue site, the patient could not be reached. After making inquiries, they finally contacted the patient's children far away from home, and sent the patient to the quarantine hotel.<br /> <br /> ====谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou====<br /> <br /> 然而，此时隔离酒店并不接受这位患者，称其不具备收治 无法自理老人的条件，李晓松和同事只能带着老人一家医院一 家医院地跑，又被一家又一家的医院拒绝，经过三个小时的努力， 仍然无能为力，只能将患者又送回家中。<br /> 故事很平淡，但是对于患者和家属，对于120的医生护士 而言，却深深感到发自内心的无助和无奈，其间拨打的所有电 话要么没有人接，要么就是不了了之，中间的几个小时，对于 他们都是煎熬和折磨。<br /> 这是金银潭医院“120部队”无数次急救任务中的一个缩影。 当战“疫”来临时，他们冲在最前线，他们是真正第一批次接 触新冠肺炎的一线医务人员。<br /> However, at this time, the isolation hotel did not accept the patient, saying that he did not have the conditions to treat the elderly who could not take care of themselves. Li Xiaosong and his colleagues had to take the elderly to one hospital after another, but they were refused by one hospital after another. After three hours of effort, they were still powerless and had to send the patient home again.<br /> The story is very simple, but for the patients and their families, as well as for the doctors and nurses in the emergency team, they deeply felt helpless and helpless from the bottom of their hearts. All the calls they made in the meantime were either not answered, or they just did nothing. The middle hours were painful and torturing for them.<br /> This is a microcosm of the countless first aid tasks of the first aid team of Jinyintan Hospital. When the pandemic came, they rushed to the forefront, and they were the first batch of first-line medical staff who really contacted COVID-19.<br /> <br /> ====谢紫佳 Xie Zijia====<br /> <br /> <br /> 战“疫”开始的阶段，所有的医护人员都有着相同的剧本： 身在疫区的自己，就是一颗定时炸弹。于是选择远离亲朋好友， 一个人上下班，一个人生活，备好食品药品，做持久战的准备。 每每接到家人关心的电话，嘱咐一定要注意安全；总是听到又 有哪位同事不幸被感染，又有多少患者不幸去世……<br /> 但是白衣战士的责任和担当，又让他们选择继续穿上防护 服，毅然出征。<br /> 郭威波是金银潭“120部队”的一名急救驾驶员，平时 大家都喜欢亲切地叫他“鸽子”。他是一位名副其实的大帅哥， 身材魁梧、相貌英俊、心思细腻。每当他出车回来，都会认 真做笔记，走的哪条线路、距离多远、用时多少，堪称“120 活地图”。<br /> 郭威波本来是准备今年春节完婚的，一直计划着元旦休息 <br /> <br /> ====熊丹 Xiong Dan====<br /> <br /> 时将准备工作做完，谁料到疫情突然暴发，他只得将家里的大 小事物都拜托给未婚妻，将婚期一拖再拖。<br /> 在“120部队”中，还有这样一个特殊的不可或缺的群体 最容易被忽视。他们来自农村，没有耀眼的学历，没有傲人的 医术，不会说什么豪言壮语，却有一颗纯朴、善良、负责的心， 在这个特殊的时期，不畏疫情,与医护人员一起守护人民的健康, 他们就是担架师傅。<br /> 在防护用品短缺的情况下，他们主动把N95 口罩和厚一点 的防护服让给医生护士，他们说：“我们是农村人，身体好。 你们医生护士是有文化的人，有本领，能救更多的人，千万不 能得病。”<br /> 这些朴实的话语让人忍不住流下了眼泪。<br /> He would be ready to finish work.Who knows the sudden outbreak of the pandemic. He had to give the chores to his fiancee,and the wedding was delayed again and again.<br /> There is one particular indispensable group in the 120-Force that is most easily overlooked. They come from the countryside, no dazzling education, no proud medical skills, do not speak bold words, but have a simple, kind, responsible heart.In this special period, they don’t afraid of the pandemic, together with the medical staff to protect people's health. They are stretcher masters.<br /> In the face of a shortage of protective equipment, they volunteered to give N95 masks and thicker protective suits to doctors and nurses, saying, &quot;We are rural people and in good health. You doctors and nurses are educated and capable people who can save more people. You must not get sick.&quot;<br /> Those simple words brought tears to one's eyes.<br /> <br /> ====徐思禹 Xu Siyu====<br /> <br /> 疫情肆虐时，很多人选择了逃离，而更多担架工师傅却选 择留下来。其中最年轻的黄启胜，在封城前利用休息时间回了 家。封城后，由于道路不通，无法按时到岗，他非常着急，担 心因为个人原因影响医院的工作。后来经过多方协调，终于回 到了工作岗位。他们是无数个奉献者中的一员，同样是这个时 代最可爱的人。<br /> 如果说临床科室医生和护士是战斗在一线的勇士，那么这 支“120部队”急救人员就是战斗在疫情最前沿的尖兵！<br /> 医院南二病区的他们<br /> 生命重于泰山，疫情就是命令，防控就是责任！<br /> When the epidemic was raging, many people chose to flee, while more stretcher bearers chose to stay. The youngest of them, Huang Qisheng, used his break to return home before the city lockdown. After the closure, he was very anxious because he could not arrive at work on time due to the closed roads, and was worried that his personal reasons would affect the work of the hospital. Later, after coordination, he finally returned to work. They are one of the countless dedicated people who are also the most lovely people of this era. If the doctors and nurses in the clinical departments are the warriors fighting on the front line, then the &quot;120 units&quot; of emergency personnel are the frontline soldiers fighting in the pandemic! Their lives are more important than the mountains, the pandemic is an order, and prevention and control is a responsibility!<br /> <br /> ====颜琦 Yan Qi ====<br /> <br /> 在这场疫情阻击战中，武汉市金银潭医院南二病区全体医护人员在主任谢学磊的带领下，持续冲锋在一线，夜以继日地开展救治工作，他们竭尽所能、争分夺秒，如今已连轴战斗了50多个日日夜夜。<br /> <br /> In the battle against the virus, all the health workers in the South Second Ward of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, guided by Xie Xuelei, the hospital director, continued to work in the front line and struggled to cure patients around the clock. They did their best and wasted no time. It has been over 50 days and 50 nights since they worked almost without a break. <br /> <br /> 最“铁心”的妈妈——李坤霞<br /> <br /> The Most &quot;Hard-Headed&quot; Mother: Li Kunxia<br /> <br /> “我刚才跟妈打电话了，女儿很懂事，很听话，你只管安心地工作，自己也要做好防护啊！家里，你就不要牵挂了，有我呢！”李坤霞接到丈夫的电话，眼里闪着泪花。<br /> <br /> &quot;I just talked to your mom on the phone. Our girl is very sensible and obedient. you only need to focus on your job and protect yourself! Don't worry about us at home, I'm here!&quot; Li Kunxia answers the phone from her husband, eyes flashing with tears.<br /> <br /> 为做好安全隔离，更为了家人健康考虑，她执意一个人住宾馆，一岁多的女儿只能交给老人照顾。<br /> <br /> In order to safely isolated humans and consider the health of her family, she insisted on living alone in a hotel, and her daughter who is more than one year old was sent to her parents for good care.<br /> <br /> 她心里虽有千言万语，但深知使命崇高、责无旁贷，每次只能与家人几句简短的问候，便匆忙挂掉电话，收起眼泪直奔病房。<br /> <br /> Although she had many words to say, she knew her moral obligations and duties as a medic. Every time she could only tell a few brief greetings to her family before she hung up the phone hurriedly, wiped away her tears and ran to the wards.<br /> <br /> 最“倔强”的大姐——王芳<br /> <br /> The Most &quot;Stubborn&quot; Big Sister: Wang Fang<br /> <br /> ====杨思吟 Yang Siyin====<br /> <br /> 王芳是一个有着丰富救治经验的“老前辈”，也是个热心 肠的大姐，对科室的年轻医生非常照顾，并经常将自己宝贵的 工作经验与大家分享。<br /> 随着疫情形势的日益严峻，接诊量大幅增多，她顾不上正 处在初三学习冲刺阶段的儿子，自疫情开始，一直穿着密闭的 防护服连续奋战，在隔离区不敢喝水，不能上厕所，浑身闷透。<br /> 每当同事忍不住说起：“王大姐，您休息一会儿，让我去 吧”，“倔强”的她总是回复：“我还行。”<br /> 最“拼命”的伙伴一黄晴<br /> <br /> Wang Fang is a senior medical worker with wealthy treatment experience. Also being kind-hearted, she is considerable to young doctors in her department and often shares her invaluable working experience with them. As the pandemic grew serious, with the surging number of patients, she could not take care of her son who are striving to study hard in the final year of middle school. Since the outbreak of pandemic, she had worked for several days running wearing airtight protective clothing. In the isolation zone, she was afraid of drinking water and could not go to toilet, stuffy and sweaty. Every time her colleagues couldn’t help saying that, “ you should take a break. I can do this work.” She always replied stubbornly, “ I am OK.” The most hard working partner— Huang Qing<br /> <br /> ====杨晰微 Yang Xiwei====<br /> <br /> <br /> 疫情发生以来，连续在一线奋战40多天的高强度工作，让 黄晴医生的身体开始吃不消了，身体不适的她本应少走动多休 息，但刚打完吊瓶的她，就第一时间主动请缨，强烈要求继续 参与战斗，看着她虚弱的身体，大家纷纷劝她注意休息。<br /> “你们都在火线竭尽所能，我这点小病算不了什么，关键 时候绝不能’掉链子’，不用担心，我还可以！”她坚定的话 语让大家既心疼又钦佩。<br /> 最“贴心”的暖男一李翼、余振兴<br /> <br /> Since the outbreak of pandemic, Doctor Huang Qing has been working in the frontline for over 40 days in a high intensity and she started to wear herself out. Because she was uncomfortable, she should have more rest and walk less. Nevertheless, after taking an IV drip, she just took the initiative the first time, strongly asking to keep on fighting. Looking that she was weak, everyone tried to persuade her to have a rest. <br /> <br /> &quot;You all work in the frontline and my minor illness doesn't matter. I can't &quot;drop the chain&quot; at key at a key moment. Don't worry. I can hold on.&quot; Her firm words made them feel sorry and admired. <br /> <br /> The most &quot;thoughful&quot; warm boys were Li Yi, Yu Zhenxin.<br /> <br /> ====余海铭 Yu Haiming====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 李翼和余振兴的爱人都是本院的职工，为打赢疫情阻击战， 他们把孩子托给年迈的父母照料。这两对夫妻同心协力，携手 逆行，义无反顾。<br /> 每次丈夫一句“戴好口罩，做好防护”，妻子一句“知道了”， 接着就双双奔赴病房。即便爱人也在同一个医院工作，但经常 是36到48小时，甚至更长时间见不到一面，这也是医院诸多 双职工的日常。<br /> 虽然他们顾不上“小家”，但独揽了科室“大家”的后勤， 大到防护物资领取，小到分发科室盒饭，在这场日夜不息的战 斗中，他们既是火线“急先锋”，又是科室“勤务兵”。<br /> 最“心细”的娘家人一一谢学磊<br /> Li Yi and Yu Zhenxing, whose lovers are both employees of the hospital, entrusted their children to the care of their elderly parents in order to win the battle against the epidemic. These two couples worked together and went against the odds hand in hand. Every time the husband said, &quot;Wear a mask and take good care of yourself,&quot; and the wife said, &quot;Got it,&quot; and then they both ran to the ward. Even though they work in the same hospital, they often do not see each other for 36 to 48 hours, or even longer, which is the daily routine of many double workers in the hospital. Although they can't take care of the &quot;small family&quot;, they take charge of the logistics of the &quot;big family&quot; of the department, from the collection of protective materials to the distribution of departmental box lunches. In this day and night battle, they are not only the &quot;pioneers&quot; of the fire line, but also the &quot;orderly soldiers&quot; of the department. The most &quot;attentive&quot; mother's family one by one Xie Xuelei<br /> <br /> ====曾晨 Zeng Chen ====<br /> <br /> 谢学磊是南二病区的主任，面对焦虑的患者,她都亲力亲为， 一声声问诊，一遍遍安慰，一句句嘱咐，即使自己再苦再累都 藏在心底。<br /> 在隔离病区，医生和护士要直接、密切地接触患者，感染 风险高、心理压力大，穿戴层层防护装备后，闷热、憋气，时 间长了会有缺氧的感觉，每次她都会在第一时间为大家进行心 理疏导。<br /> “有谢主任无微不至的关怀，即便疫情再凶猛，工作再辛 苦我们也不怕，因为谢主任就是我们坚强的后盾。”谢学磊的 存在，让科室同事感到踏实。<br /> 在这次新型冠状病毒疫情面前，他们没有豪言壮语，也没 有耀眼的光环，只是默默努力，坚守自己的岗位。疫情面前， 他们就是战士，疫情就是命令，岗位就是战场，他们不惧风险、 严阵以待，用实际行动恪守初心、践行使命。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Part 8== <br /> <br /> ====张海珊 Zhang Haishan ====<br /> <br /> 后勤，一群不回家的人<br /> 在疫情风暴眼中心的武汉市金银潭医院，有这样一群以科 室为家的人。白天，办公室是他们的调度指挥室。晚上，就在 办公室搭起简易行军床，24小时在医院值守，真正做到了 “闻 令即行”，成为春节中“不回家的人”。<br /> 他们，就是医院后勤保障战线的干部职工。<br /> 路灯下的身影<br /> <br /> In the back-office, there was a group of people who were not going home. At Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, the center of this epidemic, there is a group of people who take the office as their home. During the day, the office is their dispatching room. In the evening, they set up simple camp beds in the office and were on duty in the hospital 24 hours a day, truly &quot;acting on orders&quot; and becoming &quot;people who won't go home&quot; during the Spring Festival. They are the cadres and workers of the hospital backup support front. <br /> Figures under the street lamp.<br /> <br /> ====张珂珂 Zhang Keke====<br /> <br /> 医院总务科的工作历来琐碎杂乱，特别是在应对新型冠状 病毒疫情这个非常时期，头绪多，任务重，承担着为前方队友 送炮弹、做好全方位保障的艰巨任务。<br /> 医院总务科科长黄高平把“增强四个意识、坚定四个自信、 做到两个维护”转化在实实在在的行动中。他克服自己年龄偏大、 家庭负担较重的困难，全心全意投入到医院总务科的各项工作 中来。黄高平每天坚持巡查水、电、气管线多次，尤其是晚上， 总是能看到路灯下他拿着手持电话机在医院每个点位巡查的咼 大身影。<br /> 由于医院收治的重症患者偏多，在医护人员救治过程中难 免会突发一些意外事件。一次，在ICU病区的抢救中，患者喷出来的血痰导致医疗 设备短路，黄高平带 领维修组的同志第一 时间赶赴现场抢修， 及时保障了设备的正 常运行。<br /> <br /> ====张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei====<br /> <br /> 由于没有家属陪 护，医院有些患者生活 无法自理，会出现将污 物随意丢弃，堵塞下水 管的情况。维修组的同 志们毫无怨言，尽早疏 通，还主动排查保证各 个下水管道的畅通。<br /> 除了保证医院的水电气、电梯以及污水处理站的正常运行 外，他们无论白天、黑夜接到电话都会以最短的时间赶到现场， 处理各种应急事件，院内的路灯下留下了他们长长的身影。<br /> 据统计，在40多天的时间里，总务科共安装了 200多台 挂壁式消毒机、近600盏紫外线灯，铺设病区电线近千米， 维修全院路灯60多盏、病区感应水龙头几百个，更换300来 套隔离病区的锁扣，疏通病区内的厕所下水道及洗脸盆下水道 40处。<br /> 他们还配合企业5天内完成了医院液氧站的建设改造，由 原来2个5立方氧罐改为2个10立方氧罐，落实了病区不间断 高流量供氧的需求。<br /> 匆匆的脚步<br /> <br /> ====张思诗 Zhang Sishi====<br /> <br /> “15分钟后有12名病患到门诊CT室做检查，各自到位 做好道路管制，快点！快点！”在医院院区总能看到一位一边 快速奔走一边用对讲机呼叫的高大身影，他就是金银潭医院保 卫科科长周德义，一位近20年党龄的老党员。面对疫情，他没 有恐惧，没有退缩，不分昼夜地奋战在自己的岗位上。<br /> 保卫科虽然不在救治病患的最前线，但在这次防控工作中 保卫工作显得尤其重要。每栋病房楼下面都要安排人员24小时 值守，不让患者和家属随意进出病区,还要负责转运病区的患者, 运送各病区所需的医疗和生活物资，安排去医技科室检查的道 路清场等。<br /> <br /> ====张婷 Zhang Ting====<br /> <br /> 疫情发生正是春节期间，而且金银潭医院收治的都是确诊 的新冠肺炎患者，很多物业人员因为害怕被感染都回家了，在 急缺人手的情况下，周德义经请示批准后调动了一切可以调配 的人员组建了临时班组，毫无怨言地接下了繁重的工作。<br /> 年近花甲的他奔赴在医院的每一个角落，时值冬季，汗水 常常浸透了他的衣衫。<br /> 保卫科的职工吴昌顺，是2019年入党的新党员，平日里 是位活泼可爱的阳光大男孩。疫情期间，他除了完成医院的安 保工作，还承担了为病区走廊上的加床患者送瓶装氧气的工作， 随着医院救治任务加重，走廊上的加床患者越来越多，这些患 者没有中心供氧设施，主要靠瓶装氧气供应，他和同事们接到 任务后都以最快的速度把氧气瓶送到病区。<br /> <br /> ====张文琦 Zhang Wenqi ====<br /> <br /> 医院防护物资紧缺，为了保障一线医护人员的供应，他和 同事们只能穿着爱心人士捐赠的没有达到应有防护级别的隔离 服进病区，“我们送到后就及时出来，隔离服要留给医生护士， 他们在里面待得久，不能没有保障。”吴昌顺的话语非常朴实。<br /> 他们也是战士，虽然默默无闻，却一样冒着生命危险守卫 着这片土地上的人民。<br /> 寒冬中的汗水<br /> 金银潭医院在新冠肺炎疫情中备受关注，得到了全国人民 的支援与关爱。社会企业和公众发挥大爱无疆的公益精神，踊 跃捐献各类物资到医院。<br /> <br /> Due to the shortage of protective materials in the hospital, he and his colleagues could only wear isolation suits caring people donated which did not meet the due protection level, so as to guarantee the supply of front-line medical staff. “We came out as soon as materials were sent to them. Isolation suits should be left to medical staff, because they cannot stay inside for a long time without security,” said Wu Changshun sincerely. <br /> They were fighters, too. Although unknown, they risked their lives to protect the people of this land. <br /> Sweat in the Severe Winter <br /> Jinyintan Hospital has drawn much attention in the COVID-19 pandemic and has received support and care from the people of the whole country. Social enterprises and the public gave full play to the public spirit of boundless love through active donations of various materials to hospitals.<br /> <br /> Due to the shortage of protective materials in the hospital, he and his colleagues could only wear isolation suits caring people donated which did not meet the due protection level, in order to guarantee the supply of front-line medical staff. “We came out as soon as materials were sent to them. Isolation suits should be left to medical staff, because they cannot stay inside for a long time without security,” said Wu Changshun sincerely. They were also fighters. Though unknown, they risked their lives to protect the local people.<br /> Sweat in the severe winter <br /> Jinyintan Hospital has drawn much attention in the COVID-19 pandemic and has received support and care from the people of the whole country. Social enterprises and the public gave full play to the public spirit of boundless love through active donations of various materials to hospitals.<br /> <br /> ====周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan====<br /> <br /> 把捐献的物资保管好、分配好、使用好，是保证一线医护 人员顺利生活、工作的基础。金银潭医院后勤保障战线的同志 除了完成本职工作外还义无反顾地承担起接收与分配捐献物资 的重任。社会各界捐献的物资千差万别，有生活用品，有医疗 用品；有鲜活型的，有长期型的；有对口指定支援的，有特殊 用途的。他们秉持一颗公心，事事突出&quot;精准&quot;特点，讲规矩， 听指挥。<br /> 接收捐献物资医疗器材、食品、各种生活用品全部都登记 入账，保存安全并分发及时，做到了 “账目清晰、公开廉政、 使用合理、保障有力”。<br /> 2月15日的晚上10点多钟，忙碌了一天的医院逐渐地放 慢了节奏。此时，医院突然接到一批消毒用品的捐献，车辆即 将到达医院。<br /> 夜晚寒冷，白天的疲劳还未消退，但一想到明天医护人员还 要冲锋上前，全院需要消杀保障，爱心人士正在路上奔波，医院 后勤的员工临时组建突击小分队，第一时间集结，由食堂的班组 <br /> 长袁勇带队，8个人10分钟内到齐，开辟通道，整理仓库。<br /> <br /> The basis for the smooth life and work of front-line medical staff is the careful reservation, equal distribution and sufficient use of donated materials. These donations from all walks of life can be divided into different types, including daily necessities and medical supplies; some for instant use, some for long-term use; some for designated support and some for a specific purpose. The receiving and distribution of them is undertaken by comrades from Jinyintan Hospital logistics support front, who also do their regular work well. Taking an orientated approach and following the instructions, these comrades all work for the public. Under the principle of clear accounts, open and clean work, reasonable use and full guarantee, medical equipment, food and all kinds of daily necessities are registered, kept safely and distributed in a timely manner. After 10 o ’clock in the evening on February 15, the staff gradually slowed down after a busy day. At that time, they were informed that a batch of disinfection supplies are about to arrive at the hospital. Though cold and tired, they were assembled immediately to ensure that tomorrow’s work is smooth and to support the work of the caring people. Led by Yuan Yong, the team leader of the canteen, eight people arrived within 10 minutes to open the channel and sort out the warehouse.<br /> <br /> ====周子豪 Zhou Zihao ====<br /> <br /> 车辆一到达医院，即开始紧张的清点、交接与卸载工作。每 个人平均搬运40多件包装品，仅用了 50分钟便全部整理入库。 前来捐献的爱心人士敬佩地说：“我跑了那么多的单位，金银潭 医院的同志们最是认真负责，物品捐赠给你们，我们放心！”<br /> 当爱心人士的车辆离开后，8个人才发现，虽然是在寒冷 的冬夜，但每个人脸上都挂满了汗珠。<br /> 在这场战“疫”中，金银潭医院后勤保障战线的这个群体， 主动请缨，并肩作战。医院的每一个角落都是他们的战场，守 护好身边的“白衣战士”、守护好身处的这座城，是他们唯一 的心愿。<br /> The nervous work of counting, transferring and unloading started right after the cars have arrived. Everyone took averagely more than 40 packages and it took only 50 minutes to put them all in storage. &quot;Among all the places I hav ever been, people here are the most meticulous ones. It did reassure me to rely on you.&quot; people who came to donate said respectfully. It was after the cars had left they noticed the sweat on their faces in such a cold weather. During the battle against the pandemic, the logistical department of Jinyintan Hospital took its responsibilities to fight hand in hand. Their batteground covered every corner of the hospital. It was the only wish that they safeguard their warriors in white and the city behind.<br /> <br /> ====庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====<br /> <br /> 金银潭医院后勤员工在搬运物资<br /> “暴风之眼”中的医院GCP<br /> 2019年12月30日，武汉市金银潭医院GCP （药物临床试 验机构）及项目组成员在I期临床试验研究室召开了 2个BE项 目的启动会，兼任项目PI的张定宇院长在会议总结时重点强调： “当前流感盛行，大家一定要注意保暖，避免感冒。”<br /> 当时，GCP的同事并未觉察到院长的深意。几天后，他们 才知道，就在启动会的前一天晚上（12月29日），医院收治了 几名不明原因肺炎患者。<br /> 也就是从这天起，金银潭医院，特别是呼吸道感染科，在 超前谋划的张定宇带领下，积极投身于这场没有硝烟的战“疫”。<br /> 加快试验入组，机构、伦理齐迈步<br /> <br /> ====Wellsand, Benjamin====<br /> <br /> 2020年新年伊始，随着医院收治的类似患者日渐增加，且 临床未找到有效药物治疗的情形下，帮助临床寻找特效药物成 了当务之急。<br /> 他们通过文献检索、同类机构指导发现：洛匹那韦/利托 那韦和干扰素-a2b, Remdesivir,对新型冠状病毒单/多克隆 抗体可能有效，需紧急开展临床试验以验证这些药物对治疗新 冠肺炎的有效性。接下来的每天，他们与时间赛跑，在确保符 合药物临床试验规范的基础上，与中日友好医院、北京协和医 院、北京朝阳医院、中国科学院武汉病毒所等多家研究单位展 开通力合作，GCP机构办公室统筹协调，机构人员分工协作， 自2020年1月6日起，开始了寻找治疗新冠肺炎有效治疗药 物的临床研究攻关。<br /> 2020年1月9日，首个新冠肺炎项目“克力芝”进行伦理 上会审批,经过几例预试验后，1月17号正式入组。截至2月2日， 该项目入组新冠肺炎患者202例，入组速度相较于平时提升了 80%0<br /> <br /> At the beginning of 2020, as the number of similar patients admitted to the hospital was increasing day by day, and no effective drug treatment had been found clinically, helping the clinic find specific drugs had become a top priority.<br /> Through research and guidance from similar institutions, they found that lopinavir/ritonavir and interferon-a2b, Remdesivir, may be effective against new coronavirus monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies. In addition, urgent clinical trials are needed to verify the effectiveness of these drugs for treatment of COVID-19. In the following days, they raced against time. On the basis of ensuring compliance with drug clinical trial specifications, they cooperated with China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and other research units. GCP Institutional Office is coordinating overall, and the personnel of the institution work together in the division of labor. Since January 6, 2020, the clinical research to find effective drugs for the treatment of new coronary pneumonia has begun. On January 9, 2020, the first COVID-19 project, Kalitra, was approved by the ethics committee. After several pre-tests, it was formally subscribed on January 17th. As of February 2nd, the project has admitted 202 patients with new coronary pneumonia, and enrollment is 80% above the normal rate.<br /> <br /> ---------end----------<br /> <br /> 2020年1月24日，国家科技部下达应急攻关专项，金银 潭医院作为牵头单位承担“重症患者救治及诊疗方案优化项目”。<br /> <br /> 金银潭医院GCP机构员工正在硏讨<br />  <br /> <br /> 金银潭医院GCP机构参加武汉市传染病医院医学伦理委员会2020年度第一 次伦理审查会议。<br /> <br /> 当日，金银潭医院内紧急召开“重症患者救治及诊疗方案优化 项目临床科技攻关小组成立暨项目启动会”。1月29日，科技 部应急攻关项目工作会暨项目启动会召开，并快速确定第一批 的8个项目，以尽快确定临床治疗方案。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 2020年2月5日下午，深受人们期望的“Remdesivir” 瑞德西韦临床研究项目启动会在金银潭医院召开，开启了新一 轮的“特效药” ID期临床试验验证过程。<br /> 身处防疫一线核心的金银潭，摆在该院临床试验机构面前 最大的困难是：如何在避免交叉感染的情况下，既要确保伦理 时效性，又要保证项目审查质量。经过多方协调，他们最终通 过院外专家远程微信视频+院内专家现场会议的新型形式解读 <br /> <br /> 瑞德西韦临床研究项目启动会在金银潭医院召开<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 特殊时期应急情况。短短1个多月，他们共召开了4次伦理会 议审查，其中新冠肺炎应急攻关项目会议审查14项。快审3项， 备案3项。<br /> 身兼多职，全员参与保进度<br /> GCP机构在全力配合用于治疗新冠肺炎的临床应急试验的 同时，除了认真对待邮箱中每一个新冠肺炎项目咨询和解释相 关要求外,在疫情特殊背景下,部分之前由院外人员承担的责任, 也落到了 GCP机构的肩上。<br /> 他们需要兼任CRO组织管理项目，查阅文献，审阅、撰写 方案，制定项目专属SOP,为项目顺利启动做充足准备。<br /> 他们需要去病区，或作为PM统筹协调其他资源保障项目 顺利如期展开，或作为质控员保障研究者按规范进行试验，或 作为CRA监控试验实施详细过程，或作为CRC协助研究者顺 利开展项目……<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 他们需要筛选符合入组条件的病例。每天从上千份病例中 逐一筛选，挑选符合入组条件的病例，有任何遗漏，就可能造 成某位患者错失早日接受治疗的机会。<br /> 他们需要根据患者知情入组的时间，配合临床，完成受试 者随机分配，并跟踪直至给药完成。给药完成的时间，或是白天, 或是黑夜，甚至是凌晨，他们从不说苦，因为这就是责任。<br /> 他们需要录入试验原始数据。入组试验重要，但数据分析 却更为重要，有效的结果能促进临床的规模使用，无效的结果 能及时纠正研究方向，避免资源浪费。<br /> 获得试验数据后，他们又立刻将数据录入电脑，争分夺秒。 在他们的信念中：只要早一秒录完，就能早一秒进行数据统计 分析，药效就能早一秒知晓。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 治病救人是医生护士的责任，而尽快获取第一手的试验结 果，就是GCP机构的使命。他们精细划分每一项工作，分配好 任务，及时跟踪反馈，确保所有工作能尽快有效落地。<br /> 快速响应，I期病房在行动<br /> 2020年1月，I期临床试验研究室除了照常完成已经启动 入组的BE临床试验，还要协助其他病区防控疫情。<br /> 为确保受试者健康安全，同时最大限度增加医院床位，武 汉市唯一的定点传染病医院的掌舵人、兼任I期临床试验研究 室负责人的张定宇再一次做出决定：立刻暂停其他与疫情防控 无关的药物I期<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 临床试验项目入组，已经入组的项目快速结束， 腾出I期临床试验用病房，用以收治新冠肺炎患者。<br /> 接到指令后，GCP机构办主任龚凤云动员I期病房的所有 医生、护士立即行动起来，仅仅用了两天就完成了病房的升级 改造，随时待命。1月27日，I期病房开始收治第一例新冠肺 炎患者。<br /> 舍小“家”为大“家”，把爱传递<br /> GCP机构办公室主任刘颖以院为家，坚守前线统筹协调， 咨询和立项的每一个方案都是经由她手，自12月29日起至<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 金银潭GCP机构同事合影<br /> 今未休息一天。每天连轴转，下班时间从未早于晚8点，深夜 十一二点下班也是常态，每天只能抽空与未满4岁的女儿视频 连线……<br /> GCP机构的质控管理员阮姝楠，1月8号才做了肝脏囊肿 手术，出院刚满一周，1月16号就重返工作岗位。伦理、机构 的事情都少不了她，有一次，工作劳累之后，阮姝楠上腹部疼 痛难忍，只好下午回家休息了半天，但第二天就重返岗位。她 说：“我们GCPX作正接受前所未有的挑战，这种时候我不能 缺席！ “<br /> 同事们心疼她，也只能尽量不让她干体力活。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 自疫情防控战在金银潭医院率先打响以来，金银潭医院 GCP机构人员积极响应院号召，取消周末双休，很早就与家人 沟通，退了回家的车票，取消与家人团聚的机会，投身于防疫 工作。<br /> 他们已经连续战斗了 50余天，有时也会互相吐槽：真累啊， 好想睡一大觉。但看着确诊病例不断增长，他们心急如焚，这 不仅仅是数字，而是一个个如你如我如他的生命，一个个身边 的同胞。<br /> 每想及此，他们又充满了斗志。他们相信：在全国人民的 支援下，湖北、武汉一定能战胜这场疫情；他们相信：经过这 场防疫战后的GCP机构，将会为守护人民健康积累丰厚的经验。 <br /> 医院检验科的坚守<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 疫情开始的初期，对于病原的性质、毒力、传播等各种信 息均不明确，导致很多员工在思想上焦虑，不安全感很严重。 医院检验科党支部第一时间召开党员大会，号召全体党员在这 个关键时刻出列，每个党员要在工作中成为一面红色的旗帜， 在思想上成为一根定海神针。<br /> 检验科的管理团队根据专业的生物安全管理，迅即制定了 更为严格的通道管理，提高了防护级别，调整检测流程适应高 危样本的防护，持续性地开展防护服的规范穿脱程序的培训和 检测环节的生物安全培训，严查细节，筑起保护工作人员和工 作环境的一道防护墙。<br /> 检验科党支部的党员、干部、普通员工从这场战“疫”开始, 就站在了队伍的前列，科主任们把科室管理和员工的安全放在 首位；风险高、任务重的岗位，党员先上。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 检验科主任项杰从疫情开始就一直奋战在第一线，一直没 回家。妻子生病不能照顾，两个孩子见不到父亲，自己身体撑 不住也依然坚持工作。<br /> 检验科吴志强，夫妻两人都是检验科职工，疫情来临，为 了工作，无法照料家里近90岁的老父亲，只好送到养老院。一 个多月过去了，老人想儿女想回家，吴志强一次次在电话中安 慰老人，挂了电话，自己却难过得直掉泪。<br /> 每天要忙到晚上10点多，整理大量的患者信息和核酸检测 数据匹配，以保证及时准确地上传给省、市防疫指挥部；平日 还要把关领回的防护用品是否适用于实验室的防护级别；对讲 机时刻在手边，协调防护区内外的沟通……这是检验科刘婷的 工作日常。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 马峻本来到了不上夜班的年龄，因为科室根据安全考虑， 接二连三有需要隔离观察的同事暂时离岗，马峻主动成为了 “顶 班专业户”。<br /> “我考虑了，我相信ICU的同志会照顾好我公公，孩子 我送到她姑姑家，就算是刘伟（方国妍爱人）在一线，我也不 退二线，我要回来上班”，这是检验科方国妍度过隔离期后的 决定。<br /> 每一个岗位，都有他们坚守和奋斗的身影。 <br /> 金 银潭抗 疫纪事<br /> <br /> ==Part 9==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 第四章<br /> “小人物”的“大故事”<br /> 如果说金银潭医院是与疫魔激烈交锋的战 区，那么金银潭医院的所有医护人员和员工都 是无畏的英雄战士。<br /> 然而，医院之夕卜，他们也只是一群普通的“小 人物”，有各自的小家需要去操持。面对肆虐 的病毒，他们顾全大局、參力力同心，沉着应对、 主动作为，用最质朴的坚守、最无私的奉献打 响了这场生命至上的保卫战，演绎出一个个感 人的“大故事”。 <br /> 于无声处听惊雷<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 有一种执着，在惊涛骇浪中弥足珍贵；有一种坚守，在困 难逆境中传递温暖。<br /> 在抗击新型冠状病毒的伟大斗争中，影像确诊是第一道关 口，为提供精准治疗发挥着前置性服务作用，承担着“预警机” 的角色与功能。<br /> 放射科便是医院治疗体系的“预警机”，在筛查、诊断、 病情评估、疗效评估、出院判断等方面提供重要的参考决策 依据O<br /> 拍CT、看胸片，是确诊新冠肺炎的关键环节。樊艳青是金 银潭医院医技党支部书记，也是放射科主任。从2019年12月 底以来，在金银潭医院收治新冠肺炎患者期间，她主动取消了 休假，放弃了和家人春节团聚的机会，以院为家，日夜奋战在 抗击疫情一线。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 疫情形势严峻，樊艳青广泛动员和充分发动科室全体同志 取消休假，她并没有豪情壮语，也没有硬性要求，只是简单地 一句话“共产党员和同志们，看我的，跟我上！”<br /> 朴实而坚定，简洁而有力。在党支部的坚强堡垒带领作用下， 医院放射科21名医护人员全部取消休假，其中包括5名党员。 他们一力承担起6000多人次的门诊疑似病例、新冠肺炎确诊 病例，同时还要负责1000多医护人员的筛查。<br /> 樊艳青还承担着大量的一线工作任务。每天坚持到隔离病 房为患者做床边胸片，努力克服了工作量大、防护严苛、设备 笨重、通讯不便等困难，出色完成了临床诊断要求。平均下来 她每天要诊断检查300到400人次，每个CT要看600到900 帧图像。对待每个患者，她都以高度负责的态度，不放过任何 的疑问与细节，每个患者资料要反复查看2到3遍，才撰写文 字报告。<br /> 从疫情开始至今，她的眼睛每天都是酸胀、干涩，布满了 血丝。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 作为党员，樊艳青充分地发挥了先锋模范带头作用，哪里 的任务重，她就带队冲锋到哪里。她以自己的行动和感染力， 践行了共产党员的初心和使命。正是有樊艳青这样无数牺牲小 我、奋不顾身的共产党员，在平凡岗位中默默奉献，于无声处 听惊雷，抗击疫情这场伟大斗争的曙光才能提前到来。 <br /> 军功章上有你的一半，也有我的一半<br /> “我能想到最浪漫的事，不是和你一起慢慢变老，而是一 起在烈火狂风中相互携手，抗击风暴，共同迎接黎明的到来。”<br /> 这是金银潭医院南四病区医生余婷和他的妻子——医院护 士丁娜的共同心愿。他们以自己的实际行动，在医疗战线上抒 写着爱情的动人篇章。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 医院南四病区负责着四十多名新冠肺炎患者的治疗工作， 其中有不少是重症患者。而南四区的医生总共才有四名，平均 每人每天要治疗十多个患者，救治任务是平常工作量的五倍。 而且，重症患者思想情绪波动大，病菌传染不可控风险高。<br /> 面对着这场艰巨的工作任务，余婷首先考虑的却是带动妻 子一起来投身于这场伟大的斗争中。他们一起妥善安排好家里 的事务，克服困难，第一个批次报名，第一个批次写请战书， 第一个批次站在阵地的最前线。<br /> 余婷每天坚持到病房巡查、诊断。防护装备穿戴下来，要 花费不少时间。他为了节约时间与装备，一进病房就是四五个 小时。逐床问诊，对症下药，心理辅导，加油鼓劲，不仅从药 物上治疗患者，还从心理上给重症患者以生的希望和春天般的 温暖O <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 他的妻子丁娜，也全身心地投入到病房的护理工作中去， 一丝不苟、兢兢业业，常常忙得连饭也顾不上吃。两口子一天 下来，汗水浸湿衣背，水汽弥漫面罩，手上的动作不再敏捷， 脚步不再有力，脸上被口罩压出了深深的痕迹。忙碌的背后， 余婷与丁娜两人经常一天见不上一面，只能在休息时间打个电 话互相问候、相互勉励。但他们都彼此约定，待到樱花烂漫时， 两人一起去赏花，去品尝胜利的喜悦。<br /> 因为，“军功章上有你的一半，也有我的一半！” <br /> 不能守护的家人<br /> 2020年2月3日，如同往常一样，医生王珂和护士赵欣 刚结束繁忙而紧张的抢救工作。当晚有2个患者病情危重不稳 定，他们一直忙碌于诊治，待写完抢救记录，时针已指向凌晨 3点。当晚，本不是<br /> <br /> <br /> 王珂值班，是他主动要求参与抢救危重患者。<br /> 不仅仅是这次，平素工作中他也是如此。<br /> 时间回溯至2020年的1月20 0,接到紧急通知，当晚就 要腾空病房收治新冠肺炎患者。疫情就是命令，金银潭医院结 核病科第三党支部紧急撤离一批患者,布置病房，研究实施方案, 一直忙到晚上10点，终于为收治新冠肺炎患者创造好完备的环 境条件。<br /> 作为一名党员，44岁的王珂，顾不上疲惫，积极请战，开 始收治第一批患者，到当天凌晨3点金银潭医院结核病科第三 党支部总共收治31个患者，仅王珂一人就收治了 10多个患者。<br /> 脱下防护服的那一刻，他的衣服已被汗水湿透，脸颊上也 被压出深深的褶痕。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 在接下来的工作中，他总是不顾危险，率先冲在最前面： 积极要求接管病情比较危重的患者；主动要求参加危重患者的 抢救工作；危重患者转科时，积极进病房帮忙搬运吸氧设备和 呼吸机……<br /> 只要有需要，随处都可以看到他的身影。在承担患者救治 工作之余，他还要协助完成治疗新冠肺炎的临床研究项目，利 用休息时间采集和处理住院患者的临床医疗信息，频繁下病房 去询问、了解患者病情。除去吃饭和睡觉的时间，他的生活被 安排得满满当当，全身心扑在治病救人工作上。<br /> 不幸的是，这期间他的小姨被确诊患有新冠肺炎。然而， 在疫情紧张的局面下，医院仍有许多重患需要救治，治疗项目 也亟待突破。几番思量，他选择忍痛留守在没有硝烟，却异乎 残酷的战场上，没能去看小姨一眼，只是通过电话交代了一些 注意事项。由于病情危重，他的小姨很快去世了。接到电话通 知的那一刻，这个大个头男人眼里都是泪水，他抢救了那么多 患者，唯独自己的亲人需要他守护时，却不能出现在身边……<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 仅仅过了数日，他的妹妹也被确诊，好在妹妹年轻，病情 也比较轻，他却也只能借助电话向妹妹传达问候和关心。<br /> “家是最小国，国是千万家”。多少这样平凡的白衣战士 心甘情愿舍小家为众人筑起一道抗疫的长城，只为这场疫情防 控阻击战能早日胜利，只盼彼时冬去春来，雪消冰释。 <br /> 那个蹒跚的身影<br /> 2017年8月一2018年8月赴藏对口援建工作第一批成员。<br /> 2019年2月由于临时加开北五楼病区并腾空原有北六楼结 核病区收治流感患儿，大大缓解其他科室收治压力。<br /> 2020年1月1日接管南六楼新冠肺炎病区，1月19日将南 六楼改造成为ICUo<br /> 这是陈南山近三年的工作轨迹。他的身份在临床医生、援 藏队员、病区主任之间无缝转换。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 作为金银潭医院耐药病区的科主任，他的每一个亲切的笑 脸，每一个鼓励的眼神，每一句温暖的问候语，每一个细微的 动作，对于耐药患者都是一味对症的良药。<br /> 陈南山从事医疗事业三十多年来，无论是在行政管理，还 是临床医疗的岗位上，都是兢兢业业，刻苦钻研，得到了患者 的赞誉、同事的好评。他有着良好的职业道德、严谨的工作态度、 很强的综合分析能力，非常重视诊疗过程中的心理疏通，关注 患者心理变化。<br /> 随着新冠肺炎危重症患者收治越来越多，1月19日医院 决定将南六楼从普通病房改造成为ICU,从人员分配、环境布查完房从病房里出来的陈南山。 <br /> <br /> 陈南山穿戴防护装备。（第四章图片除有特殊说明外均为武汉市金 银潭医院供图）<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 仪器设备到一张床一把椅，陈南山带领大家动了起来，一 边收治危重患者，一边改造，仅花了两天半时间把整个病区改 造成功。<br /> <br /> <br /> 他身体力行，每天不管多忙多累都坚持下病房，详细查看 每一位患者，掌握患者的病情变化，半夜突发状况比较多时他 就干脆睡在医院。<br /> 陈南山已年近六旬，高血压、痛风症常年折磨着他，同事 从他走路的样子就能看出他痛风又犯了。<br /> 数十天的坚守，他没有豪言壮语，没有遗书遗言，没有光 头明志，只有那略弯着腰、微弓着背的蹒跚身影深深印在同事 和患者的脑海中。 <br /> 哪有什么生而勇敢，<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 只是因为选择了无畏<br /> 从2019年12月底开始，医院检验科已满负荷地工作2个 多月了。检验科入职不久的“小朋友们”，有的刚当上父亲， 有的还是奶奶最疼爱的孙女，然而，只要穿上白大褂，他们瞬 间就化身为勇敢而无畏的战士。<br /> 何旭，生化组，2017年入职。<br /> 何旭每天要穿梭在三台生化仪旁，检测几百例样本、几十 个项目。<br /> 他说，刚开始，因为对这个病毒到底是什么、怎样传、毒 力怎样都未知，想着家里又有老人又有小孩，还是挺担心的。 后来随着科室的防护措施一步步提升到位，科室不断地给大家 做生物安全培训，各方面细节都涉及了，心里有底了，开始逐 渐踏实下来。<br /> 对何旭来讲，最大的动力之一，莫过于家里人的支持，他 的妻子带孩子住在岳母那里，老人把孩子照顾得很好，免了他 的后顾之忧。有时下夜班，何旭会帮家里买点菜，把冰箱塞满。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 何旭在工作中（右图左一为何旭）。<br /> <br /> “我只能做这些，不敢在家久待，所以对家人挺愧疚的。” 何旭说。<br /> 闫明哲，分子生物组，2019年入职。<br /> 闫明哲负责病毒核酸检测。1米9的小伙子，笑起来还像 个腼腆的大男孩，儿子才出生3个月。<br /> 闫明哲说，刚开始还是有点害怕的，不过“这就是我们的 责任啊，不能退”。尤其看到外省的医务人员不远千里一拨一 拨地赶来支援，看到私家车司机自发地守在医院门口接送医务 人员，他在心里想，除了加倍地做好工作，哪有理由退缩。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 这段时间以来，闫明哲最想感谢的还是自己的妻子。虽然 闫明哲父母帮着妻子一起带宝宝，可好多方面，妻子都得去适 应，“挺难为她的”。宝宝后来发湿疹，也不方便带到医院去看, 只能干着急。<br /> 有时候，闫明哲挺想回去一下，但疫情防控需要，闫明哲 只能隔着玻璃看看宝宝，“儿子现在还不会找我……”<br /> 吴煙，临检组，2019年入职。<br /> 吴哗本来准备今年结婚，疫情暴发后，头发都没时间去剪， 婚纱照就更没时间去拍了。<br /> 吴煙说，刚开始也害怕，特别是身边有熟悉的人感染，但 是科室的防护工作做得很细致，“老师和前辈们没有一个人退缩， 我也就安下心了”。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 何柳、张媛媛，微生物组，分别于2011年和2018年入职。<br /> 疫情一开始，何柳就将自己在医院附近的房子让给了科室 的两个老师居住，她说：“江老师和刘老师家里都是几代同堂， 住得又远，让她们住我家，她们的家人就少些风险。”<br /> 何柳平时话少，却贴心地为老师们备好了洗手液、洗发水。<br /> 自从科室提高防护级别后，有些风险高的项目就挪到了 P2 实验室内完成。每天张媛媛和何柳在江丽萍老师的带领下，在 P2实验室里一待就是三四个小时。张媛媛说：“科室老师们都 是这样在工作，我和她们在一起，不怕。”<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 刘梦元，临检组，2019年入职。<br /> 刘梦元说，刚开始也会害怕，后来看着科室生物安全管理 非常严格，各个环节、各个细节都注意到，一遍遍地培训，也 就不怕了。“在我们科室里，我感觉最安全。有时爸爸妈妈打 电话时，我就跟他们讲，我们怎么做防护的，让他们放心。” 刘梦元说，有时老师们从实验室出来后，一起说说话，开开玩笑, 就感觉很轻松，心里很踏实。<br /> 一副副年轻的脸庞，一个个瘦小的身躯。哪有什么生而勇敢, 只是因为选择了无畏。<br /> 在金银潭医院检验科这群90后的年轻人眼里，这次疫情是 考验，是锻炼，是个人难忘的一次成长。他们从检验科严谨的 生物安全管理措施和持续的培训中，获得了安全感；从科主任 率先垂范的行为中生发了责任感；从前辈老师们乐观、坚韧的 精神中获得了坚持下去的力量；从科室和同事们的关怀中得到 心灵上的安慰。 <br /> 累，但是值得!<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 吴婷是金银潭医院综合二楼护士。作为一名有着近七年工 作经验的一线护士，面对疫情，吴婷深知，穿上白袍，就等于 选择了责任与使命，作为医护工作者,救死扶伤是工作更是责任, 抗击疫情责无旁贷。<br /> 2019年冬季的流感暴发，吴婷所在的科室作为流感病房， 承担着小儿流感及各类感染性疾病的收治工作，每天出入量都 在50人次左右，正是这样一个无比团结、和谐的队伍在坚持， 并将继续坚持着，从未落后过，也从未放弃过。<br /> 自1月19日开始收治疑似病例以来，金银潭医院上下同心 同德，全力投入救治工作。隔离病区的医护人员更是日夜奋战 在疫情防控第一线。<br /> 1月19日，吴婷所在科室接到医院通知，清空病房，全体 搬迁至南三楼收治新冠肺炎患者，科室同事集体报名加班，做 好病房的布置工作。老病房和新病房的处理在科主任和护士长 的带领下，进行得有条不紊。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 吴婷记得，当天她上夜班就收治了 18个患者。新型冠状病 毒感染的肺炎这样一个新病种，当时对于她们来说还有点陌生， 但是大家都经过医院的严格培训，并且有禽流感救治的经验， 所以很快就进入了角色。<br /> 1月26日，又接到医院通知，科室护士全体搬迁至综合楼 二楼，大家又积极报名改造和布置病房、清洁区、潜在污染物、 污染区等等。<br /> 这些细小的工作看似简单，做起来却并不容易，但吴婷和 同事们经过科学的考虑，科室布局都符合院感（医院感染管理） 的要求，至今为止，吴婷所在的科室无一例医护人员感染。<br /> 1月26日晚上，吴婷和同事就接收了 30个新患者。接收后， 医生立即分类，护士马上报总值班。医生们按轻重缓急有条不 紊地处理患者；护士们测生命体征、吸氧、输液等等，穿梭于 患者之间。医护之间争分夺秒、配合默契，一直到次日凌晨3点， 才将所有患者处理完毕。<br /> 处理完患者，又开始处理病房，因为没有卫生员，这时护 士不仅只是护士，还是清洁工、患者的家属等等，承担着各种 角色，但大家没有一句怨言。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 从流感到肺炎，吴婷和同事几乎没有休息过，“累，但是 也很快乐，因为正做着一件很伟大的事情。”<br /> “哪有不怕的，说不怕是假的。”但是在病房里，每当看 到患者的意志力是如此之顽强，听到患者每天给大家打气，为 武汉加油，为自己加油，吴婷觉得一切都是值得的。<br /> 吴婷觉得，正如钟南山院士所说，“武汉本来就是一座很 英雄的城市，有全国、有大家的支持，武汉肯定能过关。”<br /> 一名医者的担当<br /> 中午，值班室里，大家陆陆续续吃完了午餐，郑汉丹医生 这才顶着湿漉漉的头发过来，问有没有多余的盒饭，她要带一 份给家中的孩子。<br /> 她的儿子今年上高中，自理能力不错，为什么今天要送饭 回去？<br /> 原来郑汉丹今天夜班，查完房她要把家中唯一的汽车开回 去，这样的话，晚上她爱人就可以开车送郑医生的母亲去武汉 中心医院南京路院区做透析。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 郑汉丹医生是金银潭医院的一名普通医生，一直从事传染 病的临床诊治工作。她的父母也是医疗战线工作者，父亲是金 银潭医院退休的老院长，已85岁高龄；母亲是武汉市中心医院 妇产科退休的老主任，5年前因为糖尿病、肾病开始就近在武 汉市中心医院后湖院区透析，郑汉丹需要经常过去照顾。<br /> 郑汉丹自己患有哮喘，常年使用药物控制发作，她爱人曾 俊在武汉市疾病预防控制中心工作。2003年的非典战役，郑汉 丹参加过，儿子也是那一年出生。没想到17年后，金银潭医院 作为武汉市首批收治新冠肺炎危重患者的定点医院，她又一次 投入到了新的战场上，肩上的职责丝毫未变。 <br /> 从疫情开始，他们夫妻不分昼夜，在各自的岗位上奔波忙碌， 没有多少精力顾及家庭。所幸的是刚上高一的儿子自理能力强， 做饭洗衣等驾轻就熟，因为父母特殊的工作岗位，孩子早已磨 砺出来，这段时间一直都是独自一人在家自己照顾自己。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 最让郑汉丹担心的是母亲年老体弱，透析治疗已有5年， 近期因为疫情越来越严峻，原来做透析的武汉市中心医院后湖 院区临时改为收治新冠肺炎患者，透析需换到离家较远的武汉 市中心医院南京路院区，加上母亲因脑梗造成双下肢瘫痪，每 周3次的透析无奈减至2次。<br /> 按现有情况，必须靠车辆接送才能完成透析。夫妻俩单 位——父母家——透析中心，往返奔波，为了交接唯一的交通 工具——私家车，夫妻俩人才能见个面，说几句话。为了工作， 她和医生商量，母亲的透析时间安排在晚上8时至12时，每次 透析结束，都是凌晨才能安顿好父母，次日又要投入到忙碌的 工作中。<br /> 在这场看不见硝烟的战争中，所有家庭都面临着各种困难， 经受着各种考验，但是为了人民的健康和幸福，郑汉丹和她的 同事们“舍小家，顾大家”，以医务工作者的责任和担当，义 无反顾地投入到抗击新冠肺炎的阻击战中。他们的付出，是众 志成城打赢疫情防控阻击战的坚实基础。<br /> “一点都不害怕那是假话，但也容不 得我们害怕”<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> “一点都不害怕那是假话，但也容不得我们害怕。”已经 从业13年，31岁的金银潭医院南七楼重症监护室护士马丹说。<br /> “现在是每天都要进去，排班就像车轮一样不断往前滚。” 马丹当天的排班是晚上11点到凌晨4点。她们科室总共40 多个护士，7至8个人为一个班组，每个班进去一次就是5个 小时。<br /> 马丹的老公是一名货运火车司机，疫情发生后，他也一直 坚守在岗位，调运货物。夫妻俩4岁的儿子现在特别“可怜”， 成了留守儿童，都是家里老人帮忙在带。<br /> 马丹唯一一次回家是1月30日，原因是86岁奶奶去世。 但那天她和爱人仅仅是回家看了一眼就走了，没有多逗留。疫 情笼罩之下，奶奶过世，没有几个亲人相送，没有一个花圈， 在马丹的记忆中没见过哪个老人去世时，走得这么悲凉。<br /> 马丹回忆，2019年12月29日首批转入金银潭医院的9名 不明原因肺炎患者就是进了她们科室。“当时还不清楚是什么 病毒，我当时在武汉市的其他医院进修，然后看到工作群里说， <br /> 突然转入不明肺炎患 者，我就说我要回来， 不能抛下同事。第二 天一早我就回到了工 作岗位。”<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> “一点都不害怕 那是假话，但也容不 得我们害怕。”马丹 说，她参加过禽流感、 甲流的疫情防控工作。<br /> “我觉得本来就是传 染病专科医院，如果 我们都不顶上去，那 还等谁，还能指着谁， 这是我们的专业，我 们不能退缩！”<br /> 在重症室，患者的生活起居、大小便等全部要护士来帮忙。<br /> 马丹的病房里十多个重症患者，最轻松的时候，一个护士也要 管2—3个患者。“在那里面的压力是很大的，患者都是全院最 病重的，抢救、用药都很急，我们时时刻刻都要面临可能出现 的抢救工作，节奏很快很紧张，强度很大，神经绷得很紧。”<br /> “科室护士长从疫情发生就没有回过家，天天守在病房， 她连酒店都没有回过，她要守着患者做ECMO （体外膜肺氧 合），做完了她就直接在病房休息。”马丹回忆，有一天工 作完了之后护士长流鼻血了，就捂着鼻子，搞了个氧气在那里吸氧，即使这样了也不离开岗位。护士长和女儿视频，经 常是对着手机躲在一边哭。“有了她的带动，我们才有坚持 下来的动力。”马丹说。 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 马丹所在科室在疫情中相互鼓励。<br /> <br /> “爸爸每天早上五六点的时候给我发一篇心灵鸡汤文章， 慰问一下我和同事，鼓励我。” 一直在前线坚守的马丹，最 感恩的是家里的爸爸妈妈和婆婆的支持，“特别是我爸爸， 他是一个老党员，他认为遇到这个事情，国家需要我，我能 参与是我的责任，也是我的光荣，他以我为傲，每天在微信 鼓励我。”<br /> 马丹说，她的婆婆不善言语，但让她特别安心。婆婆跟她 说：“我帮你把孩子带好，你安心在前线工作！” <br /> <br /> <br /> “每个人做好自己的事情，就是对疫情防控最大的帮助。” 马丹说，只希望自己能尽最大的能力，救治每一个患者，让疫 情快点结束。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Part 10== <br /> 不只是在疫情中才是战士<br /> 46岁的金银潭医院南四病区护士长吴静，已经从业28年。<br /> 从1月1日开始投入这场战“疫”，腾退病房，做好准备，2<br /> <br /> 是一个没有硝烟的战场！不计报<br /> ,无论生死！这八个字朴实无 华，却是每位医护人员的职业道德 和信念的写照！十多天来，我亲身 经历了这战场发生的一切，医生、 护士、医务人员冒着生命危险，穿 着厚重且不甚透气的防护服，24小 时奋战在病床一线。为了节约时间, 他们走路都是一路小跑......看着他们 一个个疲惫的样子，我心疼的流泪 To （说实话，我自己都没有为我 生这场病流泪！）我无法用语言来 表达对这些医生、护士的敬畏之 心！通过这次疫灾，我深切体会到 身为中国人是有满满的安全感、幸 福感的！感谢习主席、感谢党中央、 感谢武汉市政府、感谢金银潭医院 及南四楼的余主任和所有的护士， 让我携起手来共同努力，坚决战胜 侵袭武汉的新型冠状病毒感染的肺 炎，坚决打赢疫情防控战！加油武 活、治疗上的事全部都是护士来管。护士穿着防护服后行动会 变慢，防护服里很闷，动一下就会大喘气。<br /> 当时情况就是“今天排明天的班，后面三天四天的班就排 不下去了，非常缺人。我着急得都快哭了！”<br /> 后来人手多了些，吴静抽出时间回了趟家。<br /> “我走的时候，家里人只说让我放心，工作之余方便的时 候报个平安。”<br /> 吴静的科室护理团队里很多都是年轻的姑娘，28个护士，<br /> 90后占了 80%。“这些小丫头其实也都有各自的困难，心里也 害怕，但觉悟都很高，不用安排她们去做什么，她们已经主动 在做了。从来不叫苦，从来不讲条件。”<br /> <br /> 吴静所在科室的护士们合影，相互加油鼓劲 <br /> 初期，吴静最担心的还 是防护用品，自己都保护不 了，怎么去保护别人。<br /> “我们病区最小的护士 才22岁。让人家在这么危 险的环境工作，必须先保证 她们的安全，也能更好照顾 患者。”<br /> 吴静说，由于防护服是 连体的，没有口袋，护士巡 视输液时需要签名，笔、对 讲机等小件物品没地方放。 为了工作方便，科室护士的 爸爸妈妈亲手帮她们做了<br /> “爱心腰包”，吴静还在上 面画上了笑脸，鼓励患者和 医护人员都要乐观面对。<br /> 在吴静眼里，没有觉得自己是个战士，就是做好本职工作, “不管什么样的患者我们都要救助，不只是在疫情中才是战士, 平时的工作做好也是战士。” <br /> 宁愿穿纸尿裤干活，<br /> 也不愿离岗的大男人<br /> 金银潭医院工程部维修班副班长肖剑池怎么也想不到，46 岁身强体壮的自己，也会有穿上成人纸尿裤的一天。<br /> 但即便如此，他也从没想过退下抗疫一线，“病房里的事 情要做啊，班长由于密切接触新冠肺炎患者被隔离,我是个党员， 事事更要带头做！”<br /> 抗疫前线，肖剑池不愿缺席，哪怕突发痔疮，给工作和生 活带来了各种不便。<br /> 2月12日，刚刚从医院综合4病区和5病区装完紫外线消 毒灯回来的肖剑池接到电话：“北七病区15床跳闸，麻烦来看 看。”来不及喝口水，他就和同事一起赶往北七病区。考虑到 防护物资紧缺和维修难度，他让同事先在清洁区等候，自己穿 好防护服进了病房。首先接上临时电源，保障医疗设备用电， 再查找原因，近1米8身高的他，蹲在这里看看，趴在那里瞧瞧， 终于在患者床下发现了原因，“重症患者小便失禁，尿液把设 备的电源插座打湿烧坏了。”<br /> 处理完故障回到科室后，肖剑池疼得身上直冒冷汗，他换 下工作服后径直去了厕所,这才发现内衣全部被血水打湿。原来, 长时间的蹲姿诱发了痔疮。<br /> “怎么办？班长还没有结束隔离，这种特殊时期我肯定不 能下火线！”他突然想到前段时间有爱心企业捐赠了成人纸尿 裤，“我们要进病房工作，时间长了，穿个纸尿裤方便些。” 于是他找护士要了一包，由于拿着一包纸尿裤回去，“目标” 太明显，他只拿了一个，偷偷去厕所穿上，然后又去开了点痔 疮膏。<br /> 后来，肖剑池想着纸尿裤穿着方便，但在男厕所里太过显眼, 他就用卫生纸代替了纸尿裤。每次需要更换卫生纸了，他边揪 卫生纸边跟同事说拉肚子，就这样偷偷换了3天的卫生纸。突 然有一天，同事发现哪怕再辛苦再累，肖剑池回来后也不坐着， 经多次询问，无奈之下，他“坦白” 了，因为疼痛，一旦坐下来, 起身很困难，必须扶着凳子才能起身，所以他宁愿站着。<br /> 为保证后勤保障工作有条不紊，肖剑池主动顶替被隔离的 班长上夜班。最长时间，他连续值了 2个夜班，工作超过48个 小时，“虽然疼得火辣辣，但是问心无愧。”肖剑池说。 <br /> 背后的她<br /> 优秀的共产党员，唯有在生动艰苦的工作实践中，方能显 现出身上可贵的品质。作为金银潭医院财务科党支部书记、审 计科长，李斌迅速地调整心态，投入到这场史无前例的抗击疫 情的伟大斗争中。<br /> 这次疫情金银潭医院承担着新冠肺炎重症、危重症患者救 治的任务，病毒传染风险一度令人谈之色变。入院患者没有家 属陪护，生活自理能力差，需要医院提供全方位的生活保障 服务。<br /> 李斌直面疫情，有序应对，在领导的布置下，主动承担起 每天三餐给患者送饭到传递窗口，为病区运送消毒药品、办公 物资等任务。病区内的医生与护士均为最高等级防护，每次送 饭、送物资前，她都缜密地多方协调，科学有序做好隔离消毒 和防护等各个环节，严格把关后勤保障供应的质量，在约定时 间给患者提供营养可口、舒适温暖的后勤保障服务。李斌知道， 患者营养有了保证，治疗效果才能确保。<br /> 医院行政管理人员一般都没有经过系统的医护专业培训， 没有烈性传染环境中自我防护的专业技能与设备，普遍会产生 一定的心理恐慌与畏惧情绪。李斌及时发现了这些情绪与苗头， 她没有死板的说教，也没有严苛的命令，而是将自己的心得体会、 成功做法、防护经验毫无保留地与大家分享，以自身的实际行 动带动大家，发动大家正确认识病疫，普及科学防护的常识与 要点，增强大家的信心。 <br /> 小小身体里的巨大能量<br /> 李向蓉，是南一楼的一名普通护士。她爱笑，似乎没有什 么事在她那里是过不去的，无论多忙，多累，同事们总是可以 看见她欢快的小身影，快乐的小步伐。<br /> 疫情袭来，李向蓉冷静地安排了自己的家人，把婆婆和两 岁三个月的儿子送回了老家，同时叮嘱好老公每一件注意事项， 然后默默地收拾好了自己的行李，上了战场。家人们都很支持 她的决定，同为党员的公公跟她说：“作为一个党员，在这个 时候你一定要起到带头作用,冲在最前面！家里的一切你放心, 保护好自己，才能更好地为人民服务！”婆婆也是跟她立下了 “军令状”：“你安心去战斗，等你凯旋归来，我保证你儿子 又长胖了好几斤！”<br /> 厚厚的防护服，层层的口罩与隔离衣，每天都汗如雨下， 连说话都困难，走快一点都觉得喘不上气，可是她从没有说一 句累，没有丝毫的退缩之意，依然“健步如飞”。<br /> 只要患者有需要，她总是用最快的速度来到他们面前解 决所有的问题。喂饭、翻身、倒便盆尿壶等等，所有的脏活 累活她从不挑剔，像对待自己的亲人一样，每一件事都尽心 尽力。遇到不想吃饭的患者，她总是耐心地劝他们，一口一 口地哄他们吃，患者们都说自己的亲孙女都不见得有她那么 仔细照顾人。<br /> 遇到一些不听话、不配合治疗的患者，她气急了也会“凶”， 生气地跟他们说“再这样我就不管你们了！”可是当真的有事 时，她还是狠不下心，说不管的是她，冲在最前面的也是她。<br /> 李向蓉每天都充满了正能量，用同事的话说，像“打了鸡血” 一样，像个铁人，什么都打不倒她。<br /> 有一天，李向蓉接到了家里打来的电话。挂了电话，她飞 快地跑到一个角落，号啕大哭。等她情绪稳定了一点后，同事 们才知道，原来她的儿子已经生病好几天了，高烧不退，不吃 不喝，家里人怕她担心，没敢告诉她，后来实在是瞒不住，孩 子情况越来越不好，家里人也不知道该怎么办了，才给她打的 电话。<br /> 领导说放她几天假，让她回去看看孩子，她没有拒绝。可 到了下午，她又找到领导，说不回去了，“孩子有家里人照顾， 这里更需要我！”所幸，几天后，孩子恢复了健康。笑容又回 到了李向蓉的脸上。 <br /> 新冠肺炎疫情下的耐药之战<br /> 2019年12月29日，武汉市金银潭医院打响了抗击新冠肺 炎病毒的第一枪，随之所有病房清空，举全院之力收治新冠肺 炎重症、危重症患者，800余名医务人员进入战疫一线，作为 湖北省耐药定点医院、耐药定点培训基地，医院耐药结核病区 也在2020年1月21日进入了一场新的战斗。<br /> 全市封城，交通不便，门诊有限，就诊困难，有些疾病可 以等，但耐药结核病患者等不了。耐药患者一旦停药，就会导 致情况更加恶化，治疗方案更加复杂，诱发并发症，进而使整 个“耐药之战”功亏一簧，严重时甚至危及生命。<br /> 为了让耐药结核病患者不停药，保证疗程，减少新冠肺炎 对疾病的影响，金银潭医院耐药病区医生周勇、护士长贾春敏 带领咨询员在保证新冠肺炎患者的救治工作的前提下，利用休 息时间，提供24小时线上问诊、心理疏导、信息登记、快递药 品等志愿服务，累计服务患者350余人，快递药品近100份。<br /> 询问、记录、安抚，根据患者需求，医护人员首先登记好 患者的姓名、年龄、手机号、收货地址等信息，交由周勇进行 完善。随后，贾春敏拿着信息统一去挂号、开处方、缴费、拿药， 取出药物后按要求分类消毒打包，再一个个写上名字，之后寄 <br /> 给患者。<br /> 因为封城，出行成了大难题，患者进不来，药品也出不去， 为了能让这些沉甸甸的希望送到患者手上，志愿服务队的队员 们利用下班时间去联系快递公司。一家不送，再找一家。一处 碰壁，再碰~处。<br /> 一次，护士谢家强好不容易寄出的快递，由于封城被扣在 快递公司，身高不到1米6、刚下夜班的她担心药品丢失，在 寒风中骑行7公里，历时一个半小时，终于把药取回，并经过 多家辗转，最终寄出了这些药物。<br /> 志愿服务队的队员最终也感动了快递师傅，主动来院取药、 寄药。<br /> 抗击新冠肺炎的战“疫”还未结束，这场耐药之战仍在继续。 <br /> 一名护士长的抗疫实录<br /> 我是武汉市金银潭医院南二病区护士长胡徐娟，从“武汉 不明原因肺炎” 2019年12月29日流传以来，至元宵节，整整 41天，我和我的很多战友没有休息。<br /> 我们真的很累，但是身处一线，如果不继续奋战，那我们 的意义又是什么？<br /> 连续在一线作战，持续的高强度高负荷工作让我们医护人 员喘不过气，但看着躺在床上的患者那渴望被治好的眼神，我 们一次又一次给自己打气，继续站在危险的第一线。<br /> 今天的我，回头再看，从那天起，我们其实已经走进了一 场全球瞩目的巨大疫情之中。谁也没曾想到25天后的1月23 日武汉封城，紧随着湖北省内13个城市逐步停掉公共交通，进 而全国各个城市卷入其中。<br /> 从12月底到1月初的那一周里，医院收治类似的患者越来 越多，由于病情性质的特殊，重症患者较多，对于医护人员的 防护级别和病房的要求越来越高。我们不断地新开病房，由于 时间紧，对病房的要求高，一天的时间我们就得把一个普通病 房改造成类似ICU模式的重症病房，其间辛苦，难以言表。<br /> 没有具体的时间，我们就已经走在了疫情抗战的第一线。<br /> 谁也没曾想到，会持续至今，且形势愈演愈烈。<br /> 面对不断增加的患者，人员不足开始显现。1月11 EJ ,医 院发布通知，即日起取消休息，全员上班，但是在不断转院进 来的患者面前，我们开始了连轴转的状态，上完白班跟着上中班， 上完中班继续上夜班。<br /> 1月的武汉进入到一年最冷的时节，而我们在密不透风的 防护服里，衣服从未干过，患者身边各种监护仪器此起彼伏的 报警声让我们无暇顾及额头的汗水，当走出病房脱下防护服， 全身衣物早已被汗水浸透。<br /> 在连续作战的日子里，我们负伤却依旧前行，我们不敢倒 下，因为面前还有更多需要我们去救助的人，我们肩上挑着责任， 背负着使命，我们要为武汉加油！<br /> <br /> 金银潭医护人员脱下防护服后，全身衣物早已被汗水浸透 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 医护人员脸上被勒出深深的印痕。 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 每一次诳病房前，医护人员都会测重体温和血氧饱和度.然后认真地记录下来<br /> 医护人员在病房合影鼓劲一<br /> 两伯医护人员在迸病房前相互整理防护报.<br /> 这是医护人员繁重工作的一个“小角落<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 金银潭医院迎来来自祖国四面八方的医疗队的支援。<br /> <br /> 在疫情愈发严重后，武汉受到了全国的关注，而作为重中 之重的武汉金银潭医院，我们得到了四面八方的支援。有本市的、 上海的、福建的、吉林的、重庆的。我们的护理团队从十几人 变成20多人。这一刻我们看到了国家的力量。<br /> 尽管来了多方支援，可是在面对科室30多个患者，近20 个危重患者，经常一个患者就得两个人操作时，我们20来人的 护理团队仍然有点力不从心。<br /> 由于此次疫情在春节期间，加上后来多方的宣传，疫情也 得到了全民的重视，在防护层面来说是好事，然而也为医院带 来了一些困扰，比如医院的保洁和保安陆续走了，甚至连食堂 的阿姨也走了。 <br /> <br /> <br /> 从四面八方，从全国各地，温暖源源不断<br /> 吃的、喝的、用的、穿的，凡是能想到的，爰心人士<br /> 都想方设法送到金银潭医院医护人员手上。<br /> <br /> 位叔叔和阿姨留 了下来，和我们 一起战斗，她们 体谅我们的辛苦, 我们也感恩他们 的付出。<br /> 了保障我们的生活，医院行政的领导们每天在楼下为我们派饭， 运送防护物资。我见过党委书记来病房清理垃圾，见过院长会 没开完就哭了，见过院办、党办主任每天帮着送物资，见过工 会主席每天给患者送饭，我还见到了我的同事们因为压力太大 而哭泣 <br /> 爱，一直都在。此时的我们知道，我们不是独自战斗，全 国人民的心和我们在一起。<br /> <br /> ==Part 11== <br /> 金银潭白衣战士群像 <br /> <br /> 乐观、坚强的金银潭医护人员。 <br /> <br /> 这群可爱的白衣天使，远比我们想象的能干，修厕所、修灯管，都不在话下 <br /> <br /> 乐观、坚强的金银潭医护人员。 <br /> 金银潭抗疫纪事<br /> <br /> 第五章<br /> 并肩战斗<br /> 新冠肺炎疫情肆虐，武汉市金银潭医院作 为湖北省、武汉市突发公共卫生事件医疗救治 定点医院，第一时间冲在最前沿。全体医务人 员毫不畏惧，超负荷坚守岗位，迎难而上，逆 风而行。<br /> 一方有难，八方支援，在疫情防控的严峻 形势下，各地医疗队紧急驰援。战“疫”的战 场上，他们与金银潭医院的医护人员并肩作战， 使得新冠肺炎患者的诊疗质量得到大大提升， 挽救了 一条条生命。 <br /> 我们要更加坚定要竭尽所能<br /> 位重症医学医师的“武汉六日记”<br /> 时时面对夕匕亡，每次都要尽最大努力！从诞生之日起，重 症医学就与抢救生命密不可分。作为奉命驰援武汉诸多重症医 学医师中的一位，首都医科大学宣武医院重症医学科主任姜利 1月26日清晨抵达武汉后即进入这次疫情的“暴风眼”——武 汉市金银潭医院，坚守至今。<br /> 连日来，这位从事危重病医学临床工作27年、参与救治危 重症患者数千例、在急性呼吸窘迫综合征等方面积累了丰富临 床经验的重症医学医师坚守一线，也坚持写下了 “武汉日记”。<br /> 第一天1月26日<br /> 到达武汉市金银潭医院：一个一个地梳理患者<br /> 一夜火车，早晨7:48到达武昌火车站。费了些周折联系到 接站人员，到达驻地武汉会议中心，路上几乎没有车辆和行人。 安顿好后，和东南大学附属中大医院党委副书记邱海波、首都 医科大学附属北京朝阳医院副院长童朝晖、北京协和医院重症 医学科（ICU ）主任杜斌，以及几位各地来的ICU医生一起到 达武汉市金银潭医院。我和杜斌教授今天去的南六病区，是由 普通病房改造的ICU病房。部分患者病情危重，还有一些是不 稳定的。病区的工作人员来自不同地区、不同医院，专业背景 各异，大家认真把管床方式与流程进行了梳理，重新分工，接 下来就是一个一个地梳理患者。在穿好防护服进入病区后，人 就不能轻易出来，里面的一片纸也不能带出来，和非传染病房 的工作方式有很大不同。大半天时间就这样过去了，对要处理 的患者也有了初步印象。<br /> 第二天1月27日<br /> 内外配合逐渐开始默契<br /> 病房早交班是7：55O驻地离医院大概十来公里，所以一早 赶过去。南方天气阴冷。昨夜有患者去世，心中涌上来的悲伤， 让我们更加坚定要竭尽所能。今天开始早晚双查房制，为夜班 排除隐患，减少可以避免的抢救。我们管理的9名患者中，5 名重症、3名危重，低氧程度远较普通肺炎严重。ICU医生多 花时间在床旁，而金银潭医院的医生帮助完成开医嘱和记病程 的工作，内外配合逐渐开始默契。又把整理好的一部分工作流 程贴在病区和治疗室的墙上，让大家执行时简单易行。<br /> 第三天1月28日<br /> 个子不高的男护士：像病房里的一个“稳压器”<br /> 依旧是在阴冽的清晨到达医院。今天我们组有两个“大 活”，一名肾衰患者要做血液净化，另外一名则要进行最危险 的操作一一气管插管。看完患者后，几位医生兵分两路，分别 去处理血液净化和气管插管。有了前几次的经验，我们提前把 需要的药品事先准备好。不料喉镜又出了问题，在等待新喉镜 的过程中，一位个子不高的男护士引起我的注意，他手法娴熟， 一个多余的动作都没有，活干得让人看着极其舒服，操作的同 时还不停地安慰一旁新来的护士和屋子里焦虑的患者，像病房 里的一个“稳压器”。喉镜和负压吸引装置终于来了。管床的 小伙子义无反顾地戴上防护头套，像个勇士一样完成了危险的 操作，淡然镇静。<br /> 午饭时，发现医院宣教中心的老师给我做了个小视频，被 学生发到网上。从下午到晚上,涌来了雪片般的问候，家人、朋友、 同学、同事，认识的、不认识的……心中暖暖的。<br /> 第四天1月29日<br /> 作为同行，这时候能做的唯有鼓励<br /> 早晨一过去，得知夜间又有一名患者去世，多少有些沮丧。 然而，宝贵时间更要留给活着的人。穿防护服时又被告知，防 护用品很紧张，进去一次一定要多完成一些工作。但是，ICU 患者的病情瞬息万变，在外面中心台看着像过山车一样的生命 体征，恨不得马上到床旁看看究竟发生了什么。然而，现实不 允许这么做，只有一遍一遍拿着对讲机，和里面的护士们反复 沟通，想办法找到原因并纠正。<br /> 下午得到通知，去另外一家医院会诊及看望一名医生，才 40岁，他因为病情加重，又和夫人双双染病，很是焦虑。我们 看了他的病历资料和肺部CT,心里不免又一沉。好在视频通话 时，他居然可以连续说话，不太费劲。作为同行，这时候能做 的唯有鼓励。而作为外科医生，40岁正是干事的年龄，希望这 把“手术刀”能够保有锐利。<br /> 第五天1月30日<br /> 每个人的防护服上都写着名字和“加油”<br /> 刚踏进病区门，就被护士长拉住，说有个小护士喘得不 行，让我过去看看。脸上还是外科口罩，就麻烦护士长拿了个 N95,我走进护士值班室。1991年出生的小姑娘一边喘一边哭， 还在打电话，情绪很激动。我先摸了摸，不烧，心里大概有点 数了。算算这姑娘比我女儿只大几岁，能够想象她所承受的压 力和恐惧。跟护士长商量后，安排这姑娘休息，查个咽拭子再 扫个CT,都是阴性，就踏实了。<br /> 因为插管上机的患者多了，进病房前和护士长达成共识， 加强气道管理和其他重症常规护理。进病房后，又看到了一些 新面孔，每个人的防护服上都写着名字和“加油”，都是各地 来支援的ICU护士，日间的工作流程明显顺畅了许多。中午， 几个情况不太好的患者都逐渐趋于稳定，连日阴天后太阳出来 T,大家都心情大好。而好事成双的时候就更令人鼓舞。我们 拿到了 一箱可视喉镜和一次性叶片，使得这项高危操作的时间 得以缩短。<br /> 临下班前得知，90后姑娘没发烧，肺部CT也没问题。希 望姑娘能顺利回家。<br /> 第六天1月31日<br /> 昨天所有的患者都还在<br /> 昨天下午到晚上，一共转进来3名患者，都是一进门就气 <br /> 管插管和复苏。值班的周医生来自湖北荆门，年纪不小了，很 担心这一夜的工作会让他吃不消。他见到我后很“得意”地说， 昨天所有的患者都还在，这是几天来的第一次呢。外科出身的 周医生活干得漂亮，昨天给一个下肢皮肤切开减压的患者换药， 好好地露了一手。查完房出来已近中午。吃完饭走到院外，阳 光洒到身上暖洋洋的，很难得。<br /> 回来不久，一位老年患者病情突然恶化，冲进去穿衣服时 护士告诉我，别穿黄色的，不透气，还帮助我完美地完成防护， 心里很是感动，在床旁协助我的医生完成气管插管和深静脉置 管，镇静镇痛。出来后看到几位大教授在等我，赶紧和夜班医 生做了交接。临走时，护士长给了一件社会捐助的崭新羽绒服， 终于可以回去把我的脏衣服洗洗了。<br /> “重症医学的专业使命，决定了我们必将成为此次阻击新 型冠状病毒感染的肺炎流行战役中的重症患者生命救治的主力 军”，1月29日，中华医学会重症医学分会、中国医师协会重 症医学医师分会、中国病理生理学会危重病医学专业委员会共 同发布《齐心协力，拯救生命，打赢新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎 阻击战——致全国重症医学专业同道倡议书》，作为中国病理 生理学会危重病医学专业委员会秘书长，姜利和另外10多位在 武汉一线参加救治工作的委员一起，在倡议书中提出“凡为医者, 侠之大者，奉命于病难之间，受任于疫虐之际。国有难，招必归， 战必胜”，希望全国奔赴一线的重症医学专业医护人员，要坚 决打赢疫情防控的阻击战。<br /> （新华社北京2月2日电 记者李斌、侠克、林苗苗）<br /> 战“疫”前线的医生心声:<br /> 前线保住了，后方才安全<br /> 口罩、帽子、防护面罩、鞋套等全副武装，戴上双层手套…… 穿戴完毕，在金银潭医院参与救治的东南大学附属中大医院重 症医学科副主任医师潘纯，开始了新一天的工作。<br /> 潘纯和援助湖北医疗队的医生们，负责金银潭医院五楼病 区重症患者的救治指导等工作。病区有5位患者，每天都需要 医护人员帮助翻身。算起来，一天要翻很多次。穿着包裹严密 的防护服给患者翻身，医护人员的工作量要比往常大很多。“每 次给患者翻身都需要5个医生一起，遇到体重较重的患者，就 更费劲了。”潘纯说。<br /> 在隔离病房里，常常一待就是三四个小时，每次出来时， 汗水都湿透衣背。潘纯说：“还好现在是冬天，如果夏天穿着 防护服待这么长时间，人肯定会更难受。”<br /> 潘纯1月24日接到要做好驰援武汉准备的消息，他没有半 点犹豫。家里人虽然有些担心，但还是给予了支持。“去吧， 穿上这身白大褂，这就是你的职责。我们等你平安归来。”父 亲对他说。 <br /> 26日13时38分，潘纯乘坐高铁奔赴抗疫第一线。到达武 汉第二天，在经过必要的培训后，立即进入工作状态。<br /> 在隔离病房查看患者情况、写医嘱，与同事讨论疑难、复 杂患者的救治方案……忙碌了一天，晚上从病区回到住的地方 后，工作仍在继续。潘纯还需要通过工作群了解每位患者情况、 指导救治。遇到紧急情况，要随时“冲”回患者病床前进行救治。 潘纯所在的病区有13位医生、19名护士，和他一样，每个人 每天都是“超长待机”工作。<br /> 面对的全都是重症患者，经常与感染源“零距离接触”， 有没有觉得怕的时候？他说：“没有，从来没有。重症医生是 挽救患者生命的最后一道关口，就是要到最危险的地方去。从 接到任务的那一刻起，就做好了准备,竭尽全力救治每一位患者。 只有战’疫’前线保住了，后方才安全。”<br /> 回到住处，有空时，潘纯也会给家人报个平安，但他很少 说起前方可能遇到的各种风险。来自7岁儿子的鼓励，总让他 觉得动力满满——“爸爸，加油！早点回来！”<br /> （新华社武汉2020年1月31日电 记者邱冰清、梁建强） <br /> “等疫情结束后，我娶你”<br /> 对1992年出生的朱瑞而言，今年的情人节有了别样意义。<br /> 2020年2月14日零点，在金银潭医院值夜班的他突发奇 想，用笔在白色的防护服上写上几个大字“邵媚铃：等疫情结 束后，我娶你”，旁边还画上了一个爱心。<br /> 邵媚铃是朱瑞的女友，两人同为护士，六年前相识。朱瑞说, 今年过年原本打算上女友家中“提亲”，不料被疫情耽搁。<br /> 朱瑞的表白，不仅传到了千里之外屏幕的另一端，也 触动了网友的泪腺。当晚，他发在朋友圈的图片，在微博 上“红” 了。<br /> “海有舟可渡，山有路可行，所爱隔山海，山海皆可平。” 有网友评论。<br /> 私人告白突然被“昭告天下”，邵媚铃感动之余，还是提醒他， “把心思更多放在工作上。”<br /> 事实上，在武汉的日子并不轻松。这个春节，朱瑞已在 福州市第一医院重症医学科值班到了大年初二。当天，组建 支援武汉医疗队信息传来，他回家简单收拾了下行李，就随 队出发。<br /> 如今的他，每天大部分时间在红区（污染区）负责为患者 挂瓶抽血检查等，鲜有空闲，“每天确诊的患者还比较多，虽 说每天也有患者出院，但还不能掉以轻心。”<br /> 在武汉，医务人员的生物钟完全跟着排班走，睡觉时间也 不定期，连日的夜班让他有些疲惫。<br /> 他说，眼下最大的愿望就是“好好睡上一觉”。<br /> （节选自《“不会期望明天就会好，但相信最终一定是好 的”——与三位90后白衣战士的对话》，新华社福州2020年2 月19日电 记者孟昭丽、陈弘毅、吴剑锋） <br /> “为了节约防护服同事穿上了纸尿裤”<br /> ——湖南支援武汉金银潭医院护士的一线日记<br /> “今天，我看到了用尽全身力气呼吸的感染患者渴望的眼 神，这一刻感觉自己能为他们恢复健康献出力量，觉得能来到 武汉救治是非常正确的选择 ”这是中南大学湘雅二医院血 液净化中心护士李婉贞的一线日记。<br /> 近日，在国家卫健委统一调度下，中南大学湘雅二医院一 支由5名血液净化护士组成的国家医疗队驰援武汉，5名护士 分别是侯亦平、黄艳清、李婉贞、钟晓平、刘亮，她们平均年 龄28岁，是医院的中坚力量。<br /> 1月27日下午，李婉贞和同事进驻金银潭医院重症监护室 支援，她们的主要工作是为患者提供连续性肾脏替代治疗。李 婉贞说：“为了节约防护服，我们在穿上防护服之前都要上厕 所，并且少喝水，有的同事干脆穿上了成人纸尿裤再穿防护服， 这样可以减少浪费。防护服一旦脱下来就不能再用了，少上一 次厕所，就能节约一套，所有这一切只有一个目的——减少短 缺的防护资源损耗。”<br /> 李婉贞在日记中写道：“我们被分配到医院的各科重症 监护室，我的工作地点是在一个由病房改成的临时重症监护 室，负责护理一些重症患者，能为他们做一些事情，我觉得 很有意义。”<br /> 湘雅二医院医疗队队长侯亦平说：“驰援武汉是一份责任， 我们会全力救治患者，圆满完成任务。”<br /> （新华社长沙2020年1月31日电 记者帅才）<br /> <br /> ==Part 12== <br /> 这件白大褂其实很沉<br /> “对于未知疾病的恐惧，人人都会有，医护人员脱下白大 褂也是普通人。但是，一旦穿上白大褂，真的会感到一种使命感。 这件白大褂其实很沉、很有分量。”刚从救治新型冠状病毒感 染者一线返回的武汉大学人民医院护士朱庭萱说。<br /> 1月7日，正在休息的朱庭萱接到通知，医院要选派人员 前往武汉市金银潭医院，支援新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎患者的 定点收治工作。<br /> 接到通知后，朱庭萱给家里打了电话。<br /> “如果我不去，就需要派别的同事去，他们家里可能有更 多的困难。这个任务既然分配给了我，我就应该接受它。父母 从小到大都很支持我，这次也不例外。”朱庭萱说。<br /> “妈妈说过，可能我天生就是要从事医学这一行的。”朱 庭萱回忆说。小时候，别的女孩子大多喜欢玩娃娃，而朱庭萱 最喜欢拿根牙签给别人“打针”。填写高考志愿时，她选择的 所有专业都与医学有关。<br /> 简单收拾些洗漱用品和换洗衣物，朱庭萱与同事当天下午 就赶到金银潭医院报到，第二天开始参加科室值班。<br /> 在朱庭萱眼里，在金银潭医院的这段时间和在其他医院里 差不多，护士工作都是“三班倒”：打针换药、护理患者、监 测生命体征……毕业后到武汉大学人民医院，朱庭萱主动报名 担任机动护士，医院里哪个科室需要就赶到哪里。因此，这种 火线增援的任务对她来说并不陌生。<br /> 在抗击新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情战斗中，护士们在进 入隔离病房时需要穿上防护服。“我很幸运自己不是容易出汗 的体质。有的同事下班脱掉防护服，里面的护士服整个都被汗 水湿透了。”朱庭萱说。<br /> 和朱庭萱一起前往金银潭医院增援的杨宇成则没有那么幸 运。他说，工作中需要戴上两层手套和两层鞋套，防护面罩上 的雾气也常常令他的视线变得模糊。<br /> “刚开始出汗特别多，甚至有一些缺氧的感觉。最困难的 是打针，戴上手套后，对患者血管的触感不是很好，而护理工 作要求所有操作都必须精确。”杨宇成说。<br /> “除了换药，还要照顾患者的生活起居，帮重症患者大小便。 有的患者心里不舒服也会喊，碰到这种情况我们要耐心跟他们 解释，开导他们，给他们打气。”杨宇成说。<br /> 令朱庭萱最难忘的是同事间的相互鼓励。“在那里工作的 同事很多都跟我一样是’90后’。由于穿上防护服后只能看到 眼睛，可能连对方的长相都不知道。但大家在换班的时候，都 会互相说一声加油。”她说。<br /> 25日，武汉大学人民医院派出的新一批增援人员启程出发， 朱庭萱、杨宇成被接替回来观察、休整。谈到对这一段难得的 轻松时间如何安排，朱庭萱简单利落地回答了四个字“看剧、 躺着”。<br /> 对于是否会重返抗击疫情前线，朱庭萱和杨宇成给出了一 样的答案。<br /> “妈妈告诉我，我在一线的这段时间，父亲经常晚上睡不 着觉。但是如果需要，我一定会重返岗位。既然选择了这个职业, 我有责任去帮助那些患者，分担同事们的压力，这是我的价值 所在。”杨宇成说。<br /> “如果我不去，别人就要去，在这份责任面前必须有担当。 大家对医生护士一定要有信心，我们不会放弃你们。同时，大 家也要好好地做好防护措施。”朱庭萱说。<br /> 还有很多支援湖北医疗队在武汉市金银潭医院发生的感人 故事，未能一一展开，在这里同样向你们致以最崇高的敬意。<br /> （新华社武汉2020年1月26日电 记者王作葵、乐文婉、 方亚东） <br /> <br /> <br /> 那些发出的感谢信<br /> 一方有难，八方支援。自2020年1月24日 除夕之夜起，全国各地医务人员紧急驰援，与金 银潭人一起手拉手、心连心，并肩作战、攻坚克 难，使新冠肺炎疫情得到有效遏制，患者的诊疗 质量得到大大提升。<br /> 金银潭医院发出的一•封封感谢信，是感谢和 感恩，是问候和致敬，体现的是武汉人民、湖北 人民、全国人民勸力同心，众志成城抗击疫情 的强大中国力量和中国精神。 <br /> J 範汉市<br /> 『’S'fSS匡院<br /> *瞄心 jatvsn^<br /> 宣徵匱疔队：<br /> 2019句底..、，：女.新*2扣病二肺炎2二肆卢.» “'. 政犁的阻击成情丝仃响乳.(市舎靈：済阮*为衆化省.A 八&amp;笑 &amp;公# &quot;扌：，'，--. &quot;、 . ■ ■ …<br /> 乱目会体医务人员身不畏惧,超负荷坚守岗，.旭难而上, 逆M.而行<br /> &quot;■&quot;.- -8 、‘* 策 4 &quot;，；&gt;*• ■：膳' &quot;f ；■_<br /> 声了匸、神拔我阮 抚 F”的&quot;:.ffl 1- - ! t(: •.号■ 队的加入,新型威状病毒肺炎.电者的。';质卄，到，、k &lt; ， 从你们身I .我们嚓,到强大的中国I :.和中国卷神 壇强；我们我.畔如f： •牝珞&quot; 。斗3者.牛命卓f；、 •b.痕仙盐丄二》.傍抒？U'「；衷 ，': &gt; •, .<br /> 炎須斌明控J作的大力支持,衷心感禅為3援助庆纟“， 的辛勤付出!<br /> 我们外,R ■? *7力时t.如“ \<br /> 近总书记重要指示精神和党中央决策喜, 能 -- 胜这场抗击疫情的人民战争!<br /> 武汉加油！湖北加，由！中国加，由！<br /> j 、 /<br /> 武认布丑锻.G g 77-'<br /> 2020七.，月 <br /> 金银潭抗疫纪事<br /> <br /> <br /> 第六章<br /> 金银潭医院之外<br /> 当金银潭医院内发生着一连串惊心动魄、感人至 深的故事时，医院围墙之外，武汉2100多个社区， 数以万计的基层社区工作人员和3.8万名警务人员同 样在为守护人民群众的生命安全而战。<br /> 在历史上，人们从未比现在更关注社区；也从来 没有哪座城市，比武汉管控社区的力度还要大。<br /> 抗击疫情有两个阵地，一个是医院救死扶伤阵地， 一个是社区防控阵地。社区胜则武汉胜，武汉胜则湖 北胜，湖北胜则全国胜。 <br /> <br /> 2020年1月23 S,武汉封城首日，乘客搭乘最后一班地铁。（第六章图片 除有特殊说明外均为新华社记者冯国栋拍摄）<br /> 社区工作的重中之重：<br /> 确保900万居家市民生活<br /> 地处中国版图天元位置的武汉，是中国乃至世界上都少有 的特大城市。常住人口超过1000万，流动人口超过300万， 总人口数近1500万。<br /> <br /> 2020年1月29日，大年初五，武汉的街上几乎看不到车辆。<br /> 武汉封城时临近春节，除约500万人流出武汉外，全市约 有900万人口留守江城。<br /> 留守人口的稳定与生活保障成了武汉能否取得抗疫斗争胜 利的重要一环。<br /> 在武汉还没有对居民小区进行封闭管理时，我们探访了地 处武汉市青山区钢都花园123社区服务中心。<br /> 这里是原武汉钢铁公司职工最集中居住的小区之一。<br /> 我们到达时，社区工作人员正在分配民政部门刚刚发放的 青菜、水果和食品等生活物资。<br /> 123社区成立于2001年，位于武汉市青山区二环外，离武 汉市中心有一定距离。由于住户多为同单位的职工，这个社区 与外界沟通并不像市中心社区那样频繁、密切。<br /> 连日来，123社区加大了各小区发热患者的排查力度和对 外来人员的进出管控。小区现有门栋132栋，住户1916户， 常住人口 6312人，春节期间留在社区的有4226人，占常住人 口 2/3。其余1/3住户在武汉“封城”前就已外出，多是走亲 访友。<br /> 社区书记赵旭玲介绍，疫情发生后，社区主要在信息发布、 生活保障和分级筛查三方面釆取了措施：<br /> 一是信息渠道要24小时畅通。社区工作人员主要通过电 话、微信和“微邻里”软件发布权威信息。“微邻里”是武汉 市打造的一个便民服务平台。“像我们武汉市发的《致市民群 众一封信》和《青山区发给居民的公开信》，还有抗击疫情的 相关通告，全部都通过’微邻里’来发布。疫情发生后，平台 还新增了发热患者信息上报等功能。对于不常用智能手机的独 <br /> <br /> 疫情期间的社区药店。<br /> <br /> 疫情期间的社区超市。<br /> <br /> 2020年2月1日上午，武汉市青山区钢都花园123社区“天天敲门组”为 居民提供服务。<br /> <br /> 居、空巢老人，社区通过大喇叭确保重要信息通知到位。”赵 旭玲说。<br /> 今年49岁的赵旭玲告诉我们，她的母亲在孝感老家，从春 节前一直病危（与新冠肺炎无关），她却由于武汉“封城”和 忙碌的工作根本无法回家探望。“母亲去世，我都没法回家。 社区的事情太多，400。多人的生命和安危都必须盯着。”赵旭 玲几度哽咽。<br /> 我们了解到，和她工作强度类似的基层工作人员并不在少 数。基层工作中女同志较多，她们不得不抛下家务事，不分白 昼黑夜保障社区运转。一天打100个电话是常态。<br /> 二是确保生活保障。1月23日武汉实施“封城”后，公 共交通停摆、大小餐饮店春节放假，这给社区百姓的生活和出 <br /> <br /> 2020年2月1日上午，武汉市青山区钢都花园123社区服务中心内的抗疫 救灾物资。<br /> <br /> 行带来诸多不便。这时，青山区打造的民生食堂“社区好味到 食堂”发挥了很大的作用，保障了特殊时期社区居民的日常饮 食需求。<br /> 我们来到食堂探访时，食堂员工正在准备午饭。<br /> 一位厨师说，食堂每天能保证至少2—3个菜品，每天服 务的困难群体有100个人，对于行动不方便的独居、空巢老 人等，社区还通过“天天敲门组”工作人员，为他们送服务。 一袋米、一盒药、一碗热饭・••…只要群众提出的合理要求， 社区工作人员立马响应，为困难群众提供物质上和精神上的 定心丸。<br /> 同时，社区还配备了 3辆应急交通车，满足居民出行需求。 尹志鸿是“曹操出行”的专车司机，根据社区统一安排，他每 天工作8小时，穿着防护服，义务开车送社区群众外出买药， 或到医院就诊。<br /> 三是实施分级筛查。123社区对发烧居民实施分级筛查。 社区居民出现发热情况后，第一时间上报给网格员。网格员先 是建立一人一档，再联系社区卫生服务中心进行筛查。如果病 情轻微，则指导发热居民在家服药；确实需要到医院门诊看病 的，再建议他们去看病。<br /> “疫情来得凶猛，有些居民特别恐慌。加上秋冬季节感 冒确实也比较多。刚开始’封城’时，我们每天忙于接居民 打来的电话。后来，社区卫生服务中心给发烧的患者开了药， 吃了之后，烧降下来了。接到的电话就少了。”社区书记赵 旭玲说。<br /> <br /> 2020年2月1日上午拍摄的武汉市青山区“123社区”的社区好味到食堂<br />  <br /> <br /> 2020年2月1日上午，司机尹志鸿为社区提供交通出行服务。<br /> <br /> 谈到抗击疫情的感悟，赵旭玲说：“基层的社区干部，对 居民是一个安慰，一颗定心丸。做好群众工作就是我的一切, 我已融入社区工作的方方面面。沟通到位，保障到位，可以在 很大程度上避免恐慌。” <br /> 社区书记：我恨不得变成孙悟空<br /> 防控疫情，社区是关键。<br /> 新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，武汉的每一个社区工作者，都奋 战在抗疫一线。<br /> 董守芝是江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区书记，这个社区距离华 南海鲜市场不足两公里，居民有16000多人，防控难度可想<br /> <br /> 武汉疫情热力图，红色部分为发热患者聚集区。<br />  <br /> <br /> 2020年2月17日下午，武汉市江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区对人员进行排查。<br /> <br /> 而知。<br /> 从1月23日开始，她就夜以继日地投身工作，开通社区之 音、开展拉网式大排查、对社区进行封闭式管理……董守芝裝京, 每天能接100多个电话，恨不得变成孙悟空，多分几个身出来, 为自己做事。<br /> 以下是董守芝的讲述：<br /> 我是西桥社区书记，从1993年开始，就从事社区工作。<br /> 目前，我所在的西桥社区有两大特点：人多、老旧小区多， 管理难度非常大。社区常住人口有16000多，7351户居民，社 区里有11个老旧小区，442栋平房区，有物业管理的小区只有 6个。<br /> 社区的工作人员有25名。疫情发生以来，我们一直在防控 一线。面对小区的各种状况，我和同事们也会感觉压力很大。<br /> 后来，来了 59个区机关干部，他们下沉到一线，帮我们解 决了很多难题，分摊了许多压力。小区封闭之后，他们也派人 到路口值守。<br /> 1月23日封城之后，我就一直没有休息，投入到疫情防 控一线工作当中。疫情发生以来，我们社区主要采取了三个 措施——<br /> 第一，开通社区之音，滚动播报各类通告和提示。我们把 省市发布的公告和疫情提示，在广播里循环播放；第二，开展 拉网式大排查，通过网络上报和电话的方式，及时发现发热患 者，准确上报；第三，进行封闭式管理，原来的37个路口，现 在只剩17个开着，每个路口都有志愿者值守。刚开始，很多居 民不理解，感觉出入不便，但我们还是尽最大努力向大家解释， 让他们理解。<br /> <br /> 西桥社区党群服务中心<br /> 了解到社区内有500户特困人员，包括生病的患者、隔离 人员、老人和一些困难户。我和同事们上门送药、送粮油、送菜、 送关爱。每天，我和同事们平均要给一百多户居民送菜、送药， 保障居民的日常生活物资。<br /> 前段时间，从社区旁边的酒店打来一通求助电话。<br /> 原来，这是住在酒店的一家三口，他们是红安县人，是年 前到武汉儿童医院给孩子看病的。<br /> 1月23日封城，他们就回不去了，一直在酒店隔离，现在 已经弹尽粮绝了，连给孩子买奶粉的钱都没有。<br /> 接到消息，我和同事们就在社区拿了一些防护用品，包括 本就不够用的口罩，还有方便面等食物送到酒店，还帮他们申 报了 3000元的救济金，心想起码孩子买奶粉的钱是有了。<br /> 疫情发生之后，我每天都得接100多个电话，手机24小时 开机，就怕漏接一个电话。从年前开始，每天19个小时都在工 作，真正休息的时间只有五六个小时。<br /> 现在恨不得自己变成孙悟空，一根汗毛就能变一个分身， 这样就能有精力去做更多的事情了。<br /> 社区工作压力很大，最近几天，我接到同事打来的电话， 她在电话那头哭得很厉害。我年纪比他们大点，遇到这种情况 我会安慰他们，然后大家再一起继续投入战斗。<br /> 现在，我有个心愿，就是希望疫情赶紧过去。等疫情过去 之后，我就找个有山的地方大睡三天三夜，好好休息一下。<br /> 拉网式大排查<br /> “请大家按登记表全面排查。住址、姓名、联系电话要登 记好。情况特殊的要备注清楚。” 2月17日下午，我们再次来 到唐家墩街西桥社区时，董守芝和20多位社区工作人员正在开 会布置任务。<br /> 当天，一场为期3天的拉网式大排查在武汉3300多个社区、 村湾同步展开。<br /> “有人在家吗？ ”在西桥社区三眼桥一村小区，网格员易 君与社区派出所民警熊松，以及下沉到社区的3名特警对一处 出租房进行排查。房东说，春节前几天，里面的租客一直咳嗽， “这几天没听到动静，担心他出事。”<br /> 开门的是位小伙子。易君先用无接触式体温仪测量了他的 体温，确认没有发烧，随后又详细询问了他的健康状况。民警 核验了租客的身份，叮嘱他待在屋内不要出门。临走时，易君 登记了租客的电话，“遇到问题请跟我联系。”<br /> 西桥社区是“万人社区”，因距离最先发现疫情的华南海 鲜市场不到两公里，疫情较重。<br /> 董守芝说，春节至今，社区深入宣传“发热不上报”的危害, 广泛发动居民通过电话或微信平台，主动上报发热情况。<br /> “这次拉网式大排查，目标是确保不漏一户、不漏一人。 重点排查与新冠肺炎相关的所有人员，还包括危重在家的基础 病患者，比如尿毒症透析患者、恶性肿瘤、其他疾病重症患者， 以及孕产妇。”董守芝说。<br /> 武汉市要求本次排查要做到五个“百分百”：确诊患者百 分百应收尽收、疑似患者百分百核酸检测、发热患者百分百进 行检测、密切接触者百分百隔离、小区村庄百分百实行24小时 封闭管理。<br /> “董主任，我在电视上看到你了，你现在怎么痩得这么狠 哪？我年纪大了，不能给你帮忙，我一点力都出不了。我老伴 说我，这么大岁数了，待在家里不给社区添乱，就是给董主任 帮忙了。你要保重身体啊！”<br /> 一通来自90多岁的叶婆婆的电话，让董守芝倍感暖心。新<br /> <br /> 2020年2月17日，武汉市江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区民警正在展开排查。当天, 一场为期3天的拉网式大排查在武汉3300多个社区、村湾同步展开。<br /> <br /> 2020年2月17日下午，武汉市江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区网格员易君（中） 社区人员和派出所民警熊松（左一）对出租房进行排查。<br /> <br /> 冠肺炎疫情发生以来，董守芝一直奋战在社区防控一线。从年 前开始，董守芝和同事们就开始在社区清楼道、清屋顶、清死角， 做大扫除，用消毒液在整个社区开展消杀。<br /> 社区是疫情防控的第一道防线。疫情蔓延后，西桥社区里， 社区群干与街道相关部门、物业公司、志愿者、网格党支部成员、 社区卫生服务中心等通力协作，各方力量拧成一股绳，确保服 务不断档。<br /> 给董守芝底气和信心的，还有来自家人的关爱。董守芝的 老伴身体不好，但总是力所能及地帮她做点事。只要她一到家， 老伴总会叮咛她加强营养、注意休息，又给她冲热水袋，暖手 暖脚。<br /> “自己年龄大了，又患有高血压，儿子儿媳不想让我太操劳。 他们很担心我，一再叮嘱我要照顾好自己。”董守芝说，每天 看看3个月大的孙子的照片，是一种特别的慰藉。<br /> 没有一个冬天不可逾越，没有一个春天不会到来。<br /> 说起疫情结束后社区的优先事项，董守芝不假思索：“安 排好值班，让同志们都休息一下，让他们养好元气再来投入 工作。“<br /> 2月22日清晨6点，年过六旬的董守芝已出门，步子又快 又急。<br /> 一个多月来，身为武汉市江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区书记的 她，没睡过一个安稳觉。<br /> 疫情中，中老年人是高危人群，但董守芝像年轻人一样， 楼道消杀、入户排查、上门送菜，样样抢着干。<br /> “从1993年开始，我就在这个社区工作了，对每家每户、 一草一木都很有感情，这个时候，绝不能退缩。”董守芝说。<br /> 西桥社区地处老城区，城中村密集。除11个老旧小区、3 个自助物业小区外，还有422栋平房，65岁以上居民占八成， 不少居民不会上网“团购”。实行封闭式管理后，这些居民的 生活所需全靠社区配送。<br /> 24名社区干部，加上50多名市、区下沉干部和党员志愿者， 承担着16000多人的柴米油盐和日常管控，任务繁重。<br /> 2月21日，她联系到一批蔬菜送到小区。<br /> 运菜车刚停稳，她就带领大家，一口气将满满4卡车蔬菜 运进社区，3小时没歇气。送菜司机钦佩地竖起大拇指：“西 桥的女将，真厉害！”<br /> “小周，你把这些药先拿去，给你妈妈用，社区里的药回 <br /> 来后，再给你们送些去。” 2月22日下午2点，董守芝拿着倍 他乐克、波立维、可定等降压药，打电话给无线电厂小区居民 周汉胜。<br /> 董守芝说，周汉胜的母亲患有高血压，家中储备的降压药 吃完了。防疫管控措施升级后，这类药只能由社区统一到定点 医疗机构领取。<br /> “上午，赶去取药的社区干部打电话回来说，前面还有80 多个社区在排队，不知道要等多久才能领到。”深知此类药物 不能停，她便从自己每天服用的降压药里，匀了一些出来，给 周汉胜家“救急”。<br /> 在董守芝看来，为群众办事，不仅要办成，更要办好，“这 个时候，我们社区干部再难也要顶上去！”<br /> 新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，武汉社区干部一直奋战在防控一 线，倾情服务站好岗，用“身心投入”的方式，书写着社区抗 疫的“答卷”。<br /> 这是一场没有硝烟的战争，也是一个争分夺秒的“考场”， 需要筑牢基层堡垒，守好社区这个“第一防线”。</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Lingnan_Englisch_5&diff=152386 Lingnan Englisch 5 2022-12-22T14:07:05Z <p>Li Hong: /* 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun */</p> <hr /> <div>== Part 29 ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====白婷 Bai Ting====<br /> <br /> <br /> 白山村<br /> <br /> 就像每种不同的花在不同的季节开放一样，城镇的中心区域都带着这个地方成长的年代痕迹，彰显着它曾发展的最高程度以及衰败的过程。现在，你所到达的是公平镇，可谓大名鼎鼎——“千年公平古墟，粤东山区第一墟”。这个位于海丰县东北部的城镇，曾是交通要道和贸易中心。早在唐朝，这里就成为山海货物集散、商贾云集之地。这里的墟市以交易公道而著称，故而得名“公平”。在那个时候，镇里已形成每种商品均到其划定名称的街市进行交易的传统——譬如茶街、鱼街、布街、糖街、牛市、猪市、青果行、山货行等。商业的繁荣让这个镇自古便兴文重教，民风淳朴，民俗文化丰富多彩。已故民俗学泰斗钟敬文先生，就出生在这里。你在曾在县城的超市里购买过赫赫有名的“公平牛肉脯”——吃起来唇齿留香，韧劲十足，很有嚼头。这种牛肉脯的制法是祖传的：选用鲜牛肉，加上天然香料和白糖、大蒜、胡椒、汾酒等制作而成。<br /> <br /> Baishan Village<br /> <br /> Just as each kind of flower blooms in different seasons, the central area of the town bears the traces of the time when the place grew, highlighting its highest level of development and the process of decline. Now, you have arrived at Fairness Town, famous as &quot;the Millennium Fairness Ancient Ruins, the first ruins in the mountainous area of eastern Guangdong.&quot; This town, located northeast of Haifeng County, used to be a significant transportation place and trade center. As early as the Tang Dynasty, it became a place where goods were distributed, and merchants gathered. The market was named &quot;Fairness&quot; for fair trading. At that time, the town had formed the tradition that every commodity was traded in the market with its designated name - such as Tea Street, Fish Street, Cloth Street, Sugar Street, Bull Market, Pig Market, Green Fruit Shop, Shanhuo Shop, etc. The prosperity of business has enabled the town to promote culture and education since ancient times, with simple folk customs and colorful folk culture. Mr. Zhong Jingwen, the departed leader of folklore, was born here. The famous &quot;fair beef jerky&quot; you bought in the county town supermarket tastes delicious, tenacious, and chewy. This method of making beef jerky is ancestral: fresh beef, natural spices, sugar, garlic, pepper, Fenjiu, etc.<br /> <br /> Baishan Village <br /> <br /> Just as each kind of flower blooms in different seasons, the central area of the town bears the traces of the time when the place grew, highlighting its highest level of development and the process of decline. Now, you have arrived at Fairness Town, famous as &quot;the Millennium Fairness Ancient Market, the first market in the mountainous area of eastern Guangdong.&quot; This town, located northeast of Haifeng County, used to be a significant transport route and trade center. As early as the Tang Dynasty, it became a place where goods were distributed, and merchants gathered. The market was named &quot;Fairness&quot; for fair trading. At that time, the town had formed the tradition that every commodity was traded in the market with its designated name - such as Tea Street, Fish Street, Cloth Street, Sugar Street, Bull Market, Pig Market, Green Fruit Shop, Mountain products Shop, etc. The prosperity of business has enabled the town to promote culture and education since ancient times, with simple folk customs and colorful folk culture. Mr. Zhong Jingwen, the departed leader of folklore, was born here. The famous &quot;fair beef jerky&quot; you bought in the county town supermarket tastes delicious, tenacious, and chewy. This method of making beef jerky is ancestral: fresh beef, natural spices, sugar, garlic, pepper, Fenjiu, etc.<br /> <br /> ====蔡思 Cai Si====<br /> <br /> <br /> 你一直忘不了那条道路——从县城通往公平镇的那条柏油路——像是一条绿色的隧道。因为岭南的阳光强烈而顽固，令道路旁的次生灌木林闪烁着深绿与焦黄夹杂的色调。这种粘稠的色调更像是某种矿物的色调，而非是植物的色调。也许，热带不是一个以味道为基础打造出来的世界，而是一个以颜色为基础铸造起来的世界。在这个炽烈的地方，各种绚丽的颜色充满魅惑之力，令人类的瞳孔大张到极致都看不完，看不透，看不全。是的！你总是禁不住感慨——自然在热带的岭南并没有被完全征服，反而彰显着独属于它的尊严。现在，你所目睹到的这条道路像是被施了魔法，搁浅在时间的河床中——没有水泥房，没有广告牌，没有霓虹灯——完全属于异次元空间。<br /> <br /> You never forget the asphalt road from the county town to Fair Town, which is like a green tunnel. Because the sun in Lingnan is strong and stubborn, the secondary shrubs beside the road twinkle with dark green and scorched yellow tones. This sticky hue is more like a mineral tone than a plant tone. Perhaps the tropics are not a world built on taste, but a world cast on color. In this blazing place, the various splendid colours are so full of seductive power that human pupils cannot see through and see it all, even if they are opened to their fullest. Yes! You can't help feeling that nature has not been completely conquered in the tropical Lingnan, but rather asserts a dignity that is uniquely its own. Now, the road you see seems to be enchanted, stranded in the riverbed of time, where there are no concrete houses, no billboards, no neon lights——it belongs to a completely other dimensional space.<br /> <br /> You never forget that road--the tarmac road that leads from the county to Fair Town--like a green tunnel. Because of the strong and stubborn sunlight in Linnan, the secondary shrubs along the roadside shimmer in shades of dark green and scorched yellow tones. This sticky hue is more like a mineral tone than a plant tone. Perhaps the tropics are not a world built on taste, but a world cast on color. In this blazing place, the various splendid colours are so full of seductive power that human pupils cannot see through and see it all, even if they are opened to their fullest. Yes! You can't help feeling that nature has not been completely conquered in the tropical Lingnan, but rather asserts a dignity that is uniquely its own. Now, the road you see seems to be enchanted, stranded in the riverbed of time--where there are no concrete houses, no billboards, no neon lights--completely in an interdimensional space.<br /> <br /> [[File:Example.jpg]]====陈婧 Chen Jing====<br /> <br /> <br /> 进入镇区，喧嚣扑面而来。街道两边的建筑物因岁月而显得黯淡，墙体上还吊挂着雨痕。然而，当那些鳞次栉比的巨幅服装广告，和一座座厂房与洋楼交替出现后，让你在热浪滚滚中体会<br /> 到了久违的熟稔——在东莞的各个镇区，充斥着这种工业化的味道。显然，公平镇此刻的模样，是由悠久的历史和当下的经济联合塑造而成的。现在，在这个区域面积100多平方公里的小镇上，拥有100多家各类服装企业，还有与服装配套的辅料、拉链、制线、包装等企业20多家，算得上粤东地区最大的服装专业镇。这里的服装以广州为营销中心，销往全国各地，还通过边贸销售到俄罗斯、东南亚、中东等地，外单产品占比很大。然而最终，公平镇的服装产业因各种原因，没能像东莞市的虎门镇那样，成为全世界瞩目的“服装之都”。<br /> <br /> As you arrive in the downtown, you would be hit by the hustle and bustle. The buildings on both sides of the street look dull with age, and rain marks are still hanging on the walls. However, when those lined up huge garment advertisements, factorties and western-style buildings alternately appear, you can experience a long-lost familiarity in the heat wave--in various townships in Dongguan, pervading with the flavor of industrialization. Obviously, the appearance of Gongping(Fair) Town at this moment is shaped by the combination of a long history and the current economy. Now, in this town with an area of more than 100 square kilometers, there are more than 100 garment enterprises of all kinds along with over 20 enterprises of accessories, zippers, threads, packaging and so on, which are the largest garment professional town in the east of Guangdong. The garments here are sold to all over the country with Guangzhou as the marketing center, and also sold to Russia, Southeast Asia, the Middle East and other places through border trade, with a large proportion of foreign orders. However, finally, the garment industry there, for various reasons, didn't make Gongping Town become the world-reknowned &quot;Clothing Capital&quot; like Humen Town of Dongguan.<br /> <br /> As you arrive at the downtown, you would be hit by the hustle and bustle. The buildings on both sides of the street look dull with age, and rain marks are still hanging on the walls. However, when those lined up huge garment advertisements, factorties and western-style buildings alternately appear, you can experience a long-lost familiarity in the heat wave--in various townships in Dongguan, pervading with the flavor of industrialization. Obviously, the appearance of Gongping(Fair) Town at this moment is shaped by the combination of a long history and the current economy. Now, in this town with an area of more than 100 square kilometers, there are more than 100 garment enterprises of all kinds along with over 20 enterprises of accessories, zippers, threads, packaging and so on, which are the largest garment professional town in the east of Guangdong. The garments here are sold to all over the country with Guangzhou as the marketing center, and also sold to Russia, Southeast Asia, the Middle East and other places through border trade, with a large proportion of foreign orders. However, finally, the garment industries there, for various reasons, didn't make Gongping Town become the world-reknowned &quot;Clothing Capital&quot; like Humen Town of Dongguan.<br /> <br /> ====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 就像你数次到达联安镇一样，这个镇，你也来过几次。你曾到这个镇，为拜访周凤的故居。作为彭湃的母亲，周凤的一生充满传奇色彩。她出生在公平镇下辖小村的普通农家，从小就深谙穷人之艰辛，所以当她生下彭湃后，总是教育儿子不要看不起农民，在孩子幼小的心田上播种下一颗善良的种子。周凤故居已无人居住，仅存一栋外墙发黑的平房。推开大门，内里是个窄小的庭院，在正屋的两侧，缀着两间耳房。三间屋子内都空空荡荡，只有正屋的墙上挂着周凤的画像——那个穿着黑棉袄的老奶奶，正慈祥地微笑着。那间屋子并没有展示出你预期的戏剧性——当主人已离开后，它只是一个空壳。屋子周围环绕着竹林和榕树，十分安静。从远处传来几声狗吠，显得格外响亮。这是岭南最普通的一个小村。谁能想到，从这里嫁出去的那个女子，会养育出那样的一个儿子；而那个儿子，曾以一把烈火烧掉田契，以惊世骇俗的姿态被写进人类发展史。<br /> Just like you've been to Lian 'an town several times, you've been to this town several times to visit the former residence of Zhou Feng. As Peng Pai's mother, Zhou Feng's life is full of legend. Born in an ordinary peasant family in a small village under the administration of Gongping Town, she had been well aware of the hardships of the poor since childhood. Therefore, when she gave birth to Peng Pai, she always taught her son not to look down on the peasants and planted a seed of kindness in his young heart. Zhou Feng's former residence is no longer inhabited except for a one-story house with a blackened exterior. Open the door, inside is a narrow courtyard, on either side of the main house, two rooms. The three rooms are empty except for the portrait of Zhou Feng, smiling kindly in a black cotton-padded jacket, hanging on the wall of the main room. The room doesn't show the drama you'd expect -- when the owner had left, it became just an empty shell. Surrounded by bamboo and banyan trees, the house is very quiet. From a distance, a few dogs barkloudly. This is the most common village in Lingnan. Who would have thought that the woman who married from here would raise such a son; And that son, once with a fire to burn the deeds of the land, in a shocking attitude is written into the history of human history.<br /> <br /> Just as you've been to Lian 'an several times, you've been to this town several times. You came to this town to visit Zhou Feng's former residence. As Peng Pai's mother, Zhou Feng's life is full of legend. Born in an ordinary peasant family in a small village under the administration of Gongping Town, she had been well aware of the hardships of the poor since childhood. Therefore, when she gave birth to Peng Pai, she always taught her son not to look down on the peasants and planted a seed of kindness in his young heart. Zhou Feng's former residence has been uninhabited, only a blackened bungalow. Pushed open the door, inside is a narrow courtyard. There are two wing rooms on both sides of the main house. Inside the three rooms are empty, only amidst the Zhou Feng portrait hung on the wall-the old lady who wore a black cotton-padded jacket is kindly smile. The room didn't display the drama you'd expect-it was just an empty shell when the owner had left. The house was surrounded by bamboo and banyan trees and was very quiet. From a distance, a few dogs bark loudly. This is one of the most common lingnan village. Who would have thought that the woman who married from here would raise such a son? And that son, once with a fire to burn the title deed, with shocking attitude was written into the history of human development.<br /> <br /> ====陈思阳 Chen Siyang====<br /> <br /> <br /> 穿过镇中心，你来到了白山村。一股清新怡人的气息铺面而来——四周铺展着大片大片的田野，彰显着浓烈的黄绿色。由于地处边远，交通不便，生产方式迥异，乡村世界构筑起了一个完整而封闭的农业族群。村里人的生活与城里人完全不同——他们一直保留着一种古老的传统，维持着一种神秘的平衡。据白山村扶贫队长、第一书记陈路波介绍：白山村有近3000人，共489户，而其中，因先天残疾、后天患病、没有劳动能力等各类原因，致使88户被核定为贫困户，共313人。在这里的扶贫工作队队员，来自深圳龙岗区坪地街道办事处、龙岗区安监局。当扶贫干部来到村里后，先是走进贫困户的家中，和人们促膝谈心，摸清他们致贫的原因，再进行精准扶贫、结对帮扶。<br /> <br /> When you go through the center of town and come to the Baishan village. A fresh and pleasant smell came to your face--spread out around the vast expanse of fields which showed a strong yellow-green color. Because of its remote location, inconvenient transportation and different modes of production, the rural world has built up a complete and closed agricultural ethnic group. Life in the village is quite different from that in the city-they have always retained an ancient tradition, maintaining a mysterious balance. According to Chen Lubo, leader and first secretary of Baishan Village Poverty Alleviation Team: Baishan Village has nearly 3000 people, a total of 489 households, among which 88 households have been verified as poor households, a total of 313 people due to congenital disability, acquired illness, lack of labor capacity and other reasons. Members of the poverty alleviation team here come from Shenzhen Longgang District Pingdi Sub-district Office and Longgang District Work Safety Supervision Bureau. When poverty alleviation cadres come to the village, they first walk into the homes of poor households, talk with people, find out the causes of their poverty, and then carry out precise poverty alleviation and help them in pairs.<br /> <br /> When you go through the center of town and come to the Baishan village. A fresh and pleasant smell came to your face--spread out around the vast expanse of fields which showed a strong yellow-green color. Because of its remote location, inconvenient transportation, and different modes of production, the rural world has built up a complete and closed agricultural ethnic group. Life in the village is quite different from that in the city they have always retained an ancient tradition, maintaining a mysterious balance. According to Chen Lubo, leader and first secretary of the Baishan Village Poverty Alleviation Team: Baishan Village has nearly 3000 people, a total of 489 households, among which 88 households have been verified as poor households, a total of 313 people due to a congenital disability, acquired illness, lack of labor capacity and other reasons. Members of the poverty alleviation team here come from Shenzhen Longgang District Pingdi Sub-district Office and Longgang District Work Safety Supervision Bureau. When poverty alleviation cadres come to the village, they first walk into the homes of poor households, talk with people, find out the causes of their poverty, and then carry out precise poverty alleviation and help them in pairs.<br /> <br /> ====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====<br /> <br /> <br /> 扶贫干部将所有无劳动能力的贫困户人口纳入社会保障，全部实现政策性保障兜底脱贫；而对那些有劳动能力的贫困户，则激发起他们的内在动力，鼓励他们发挥革命老区艰苦奋斗的精神，通过种地、打工或其他方式努力脱贫，不能万事都倚靠政府。<br /> <br /> Poverty alleviation officials have included all the poor households with no ability to work in the social security system, and all of them achieved poverty alleviation with policy-based guarantees. For those poor households who are able to work, it will stimulate their inner motivation and encourage them to use the spirit of hard work in old revolutionary base areas to lift themselves out of poverty through farming, part-time jobs, or other ways, rather than just relying on the government.<br /> <br /> Poverty alleviation cadres have included all the poor households without working ability in the social security system, and implemented policy-based guarantees to lift all poor households out of poverty; For those poor households who have the ability to work, the cadres stimulated their internal motivation, encourage them to give play to the spirit of working hard and perseveringly in the old revolutionary base areas, and strive to get rid of poverty through farming, doing manual work or other ways rather than completely relying on the government.<br /> <br /> 陈路波书记介绍说，在工作队到来之前，白山村的很多村民都是用瓦缸盛水的，而现在，每一户村民的家里都通上了自来水。你才了解，原来不仅在白山村，甚至整个海丰县城，自然村集中供水覆盖率已达到99.66%, 其中，37个省定贫困村内20户以上的所有自然村18个已实现集中供水覆盖；同时，县里还对卫生站的建设也十分重视。海丰县除了7个空壳村无需建设卫生站外，其余196个村的卫生站中，完成建设并投入使用的有73间，全面完成建设的有114间，完成主体建设的有9间。<br /> <br /> Secretary Chen Lubo said that before the work team arrived, many villagers in Baishan Village used tile tanks to hold water; but now, every villager's home is connected to tap water. We could just realize that not only in Baishan Village but even the whole city of Haifeng County, the centralized water supply coverage rate of natural villages has also reached 99.66%, among which, 18 of all natural villages with more than 20 households in 37 provincial designated poor villages have realized centralized water supply coverage. At the same time, the county also attaches great importance to the construction of health stations. In addition to the 7 empty villages in Haifeng County, among the remaining 196 villages, 73 health stations have been completed and put into use, 114 have been fully completed, and 9 have completed main construction.<br /> <br /> Secretary Chen Lubo said that before the work team arrived, many villagers in Baishan Village used tile tanks to hold water. But now, every household has access to tap water. Now you see that not only in Baishan Village, but even in the whole Haifeng County, the coverage rate of centralized water supply in natural villages has reached 99.66%，among which，18 of all natural villages with more than 20 households in 37 provincial designated poor villages have realized centralized water supply coverage. At the same time, the county also attaches great importance to the construction of health stations. Except for 7 empty shell villages in Haifeng County, in the remaining 196 villages，73 health stations have been completed and put into use, 114 have been fully completed, and 9 have completed the main construction.<br /> <br /> ====丁粤 Ding Yue====<br /> <br /> <br /> 事实上，能喝到纯净的水和能及时就医，对村民是非常重要的。根据2008年世界卫生组织和联合国儿童基金会的数据，约13%的世界人口缺乏改进的水源（通常指自来水和水井），而约1/4的人口没有可用的安全饮用水，其中有很多都是穷人。专家们一致认为，家用自来水和卫生设施会给健康带来很大影响，它可以让婴儿的死亡率大大降低，且能使同期死亡率总体减少近一半。虽然改善水资源是一个非常日常的问题，但也是启动了长期社会变革的一次机会——当人们可以健康地生活时，便会大大减少坠入“疾病陷阱”的可能性，籍此而启动一种良性循环。<br /> <br /> In fact, access to pure water and timely medical treatment are very important to the villagers. According to the data of the World Health Organization and the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund in 2008, around 13% of the world's population lacks improved water sources (usually refer to tap water and wells), and around a quarter of the population has no available and safe drinking water. Many of them are poor. Experts agreed that domestic tap water and sanitary facilities will have a great impact on health, which can greatly reduce the infant mortality rate and reduce the overall mortality rate by nearly half in the same period. Although improving water resources is a very daily problem, it is also an opportunity to start a long-term social reform——when people can live a healthy life, it will greatly reduce the possibility of people falling into the &quot;disease trap&quot;, thereby starting a virtuous circle.<br /> <br /> In fact, access to pure water and timely medical treatment are very important to the villagers. According to the data of the World Health Organization and the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund in 2008, around 13% of the world's population lacks improved water sources (usually refer to tap water and wells), and around a quarter of the population has no available and safe drinking water,many of whom are poor. Experts agreed that domestic tap water and sanitary facilities would have a great impact on health, which can greatly reduce the infant mortality rate and cut down the overall mortality rate by nearly half in the same period. Although improving water resources is a very daily problem, it is also an opportunity to start a long-term social reform——when people can live a healthy life, it will greatly reduce the possibility of people falling into the &quot;disease trap&quot;, thereby starting a virtuous circle.(Fu Jing)<br /> <br /> ====付静 Fu Jing====<br /> <br /> <br /> 村里有条名叫“大浦洋”的村道，原本是条坑坑洼洼的泥土路，而现在，已被修整成一条平坦的水泥路。陈路波书记说，经过村道硬底化建设工程后，村民们再也不用担心下雨时会弄脏鞋袜。现在，你看到了白山村公共服务中心——精准扶贫基建项目——那是一栋姜黄色的三层小楼，有着棕红色屋顶。这栋楼房也已成为村里的标志性建筑。站在服务中心门前，只见一条条柏油路辐射开来，向着村子的各处延伸而去。以前，村里的夜晚是漆黑漆黑的，而现在，当一排排路灯竖立起来后，整个夜晚都变得亮堂起来。当路灯照耀着服务中心对面的篮球场时，那个空间显得格外阔气——湖蓝色的地面配上紫色的篮球架，衬托出白色篮板的秀美。白天时，来这里打球的年轻人很多；而在篮球场旁的那些运动器械上，总能看到老人家们在忙着转动腰肢。以前,村民们喜欢在晚饭后打麻将或喝酒，而现在，人们都忙着锻炼身体。<br /> <br /> <br /> There is a country road called &quot;Dapuyang&quot; in the village, which was originally a bumpy dirt road, but now it has been improved into a smooth concrete road. Secretary Chen Lubo said that after the construction project of hard-bottomed roads, villagers would no longer have to worry about dirty shoes and socks in rainy days. Now, in front of you is the Public Service Center of Baishan Village as well as the Targeted Poverty Alleviation Infrastructure Project, which is a ginger three-story building with a brown-red roof. The building has also become a landmark in the village. In front of the service center, a series of asphalt roads radiate away, extending to all parts of the village. The village was dark at night before, but now, when rows of street lamps have been erected, the village becomes bright at night. When the street lights shine on the basketball court opposite to the service center, the space looks particularly wide-the aqua blue floor with purple basketball stands setting off the beauty of white rebounds. During the day, many young people come here to play basketball; On the sports equipment beside the basketball court, you can always see old people busy turning their waists. In the past, villagers liked to play mahjong or drink wine after dinner, but now people are busy exercising.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> A country road was called &quot;Dapuyang&quot; in the village, which was used to be a bumpy dirt road, but now it has been transformed into a smooth concrete road. Secretary Chen Lubo said that villagers would no longer have to worry about dirty shoes and socks in rainy days after the construction project of hard-bottomed roads. Now, you can see the Public Service Center of Baishan Village as well as the Targeted Poverty Alleviation Infrastructure Project, which is a ginger three-story building with a brown-red roof. The building has also become a landmark in the village. In front of the service center, a series of asphalt roads radiate away, extending to all parts of the village. The village was dark at night before, but now, when rows of street lamps have been erected, the village becomes bright at night. When the street lights shine on the basketball court opposite to the service center, the space looks particularly wide-the aqua blue floor with purple basketball stands setting off the beauty of white rebounds. During the day, many young people come here to play basketball; On the sports equipment beside the basketball court, you can always see old people busy turning their waists. In the past, villagers liked to play mahjong or drink alcohol after dinner, but now they are busy exercising.<br /> <br /> ====高燕 Gao Yan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 张淑尔的家也是一栋独立的新砖房。站在门口的她，正在向你挥手。虽然你只是个偶尔到访的客人，但她却依旧热情四溢。35岁的她有着一张银盘大脸，眉毛浓黑，睫毛翻翘。除了遮住鼻孔、嘴唇和下巴的口罩外，她的面部看着十分标致动人。她的体型微胖，在黑色T恤衫外套了件粉红色毛衣开衫，下身穿着条牛仔裤。她的屋子是新建的，所以外墙的瓷砖显得格外簇新。进入屋内，你大吃一惊，像是进入到一个英国贵族家庭——纯白色的欧式家具，姜黄色的丝绸窗帘，大彩电和大冰箱，开放式厨房，整洁的卫生间……显然，这个家的主人更青睐西式家俬，更强调现代品位，和此前所见的大部分家庭都不一样。她有三个孩子，分别是6岁、8岁和10岁，在读小学一年级、三年级和四年级。那个摆在鞋柜上的头盔，便是母亲骑摩托车去接孩子上下学时用的。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Zhang Shuer's home is also an independent new brick house. Standing at the door, she is waving to you Although you are only an occasional guest, you are still warmly welcome. The 35-year-old has a big face, thick black eyebrows and curled eyelashes. although the mask covered her nostrils, lips and chin, her face still looked beautiful She was a little chubby, wearing a pink cardigan over a black T-shirt and jeans. Her house was new, so the tiles on the outside looked fresh. As entering the house, you were surprised, like entering a United Kingdom aristocratic family-pure white European furniture, ginger silk curtains, big color TV and big refrigerator, open kitchen, clean bathroom. Obviously, the owner of this home prefers Western furniture and modern taste, which is different from most families we have seen before. She has three children, with the ages of 6, 8 and 10, in first, third and fourth grades of primary school respectively. The helmet on the shoe ark, is used by the mother when she rode a motorcycle to pick up the children to and from school.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Zhang Shuer's home is also an independent new brick one. Standing at the door, she is waving to you. Although you are only an occasional guest, you are still warmly welcomed by her. She, 35 years old, has a big face, thick black eyebrows and curled eyelashes. Although the mask covers her nostrils, lips and chin, her face still looks beautiful. A little chubby, she wears a pink cardigan over a black T-shirt and jeans. Her house is newly built, so the tiles outside look fresh. When entering the house, you are surprised, as if you enter a aristocratic family in the United Kingdom -pure white European furniture, ginger silk curtains, big color TV and refrigerator, open kitchen, clean bathroom. Obviously, its owner prefers Western furniture with modern taste, which is different from most families that we have seen before. She has three children, with the ages of 6, 8 and 10, who are in the first, third and fourth grades of primary school respectively. The helmet on the shoe box is used by the mother when she rides a motorcycle to pick up her children to and from school.<br /> <br /> ====关娜 Guan Na==== <br /> <br /> <br /> 当年，她从隔壁村嫁到白山村后，和丈夫相亲相爱，日子过得欣欣向荣。丈夫郑建生常年在外地打工，家里的事全靠女主人打理——那两亩地虽然每年只能收入2000元，可她却舍不得荒掉；再加上照顾孩子们的日常生活和学习，她每天都忙得团团转。丈夫会裁剪，原来在镇上的服装厂打工，每月可挣个3000多元。但是，这几年服装行业整体衰落，他便到广州去打工。虽然工资比原来多了点，但回家的次数却越来越少——有时半年回来一次，有时只能春节时回来一次。<br /> <br /> <br /> After she married from the next village to Baishan Village, she fell in love with her husband and lived a prosperous life. Zheng Jiansheng, her husband, has been working in other places for many years, so the family affairs are handled by her. Although the annual income of the two mu land is only 2000 yuan, she is reluctant to waste it. Coupled with taking care of their children's daily life and studies, she is busy every day. Zheng originally worked in local garment factory because he can cut, where he can earn more than 3,000 yuan monthly. However, in recent years, because of overall decline of garment industry, he went to Guangzhou to work. Although the salary was more than the original one, the number of going home was less and less, sometimes half a year back or sometimes only coming back during the Spring Festival.<br /> <br /> ====郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 谁能想到，一场突如其来的巨变陡然降临到这个家。2015年，正在炒菜的女主人被泄露的煤气所伤，不得不住院治疗。大火将她烧得简直面目全非——双手完全变形，手背上布满大小深坑，整个面部全然发焦。在住院的一个多月时间里，她做了面部、手部和大腿的植皮手术。之后，她的手掌因萎缩而变小，表皮发白，指缝间粘连，活动起来很不自由；她的下巴处变得皱巴巴，像火山熔岩的碎片拼贴起来。如果她没有戴口罩，那么她的脸便由鼻梁处开始分界——上半部让人看着欣喜，下半部让人看着惊骇。所以，如果要出门或者见客，她总会把口罩戴上。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====<br /> <br /> <br /> 那场突如其来的事故让这个家庭耗费了30多万元——因为有些进口药不能报销，所以有7成的医药费是自己付的。听说她发生的不幸之事，很多朋友通过微信里的朋友圈为她募捐，令她大<br /> 为感动。现在，当她说起这些往事时，眉眼间带着微笑，语调相当轻松。她有一双非常迷人的眼睛，闪着宝石般的晶光，令你不得不聚精会神地聆听下去。当她试图要强调某个地方时，会在那里稍微停顿一下。然而，她却并没有让自己陷入哽咽境地。没有。她很快便从悲伤的叙述中解脱了出来。<br /> <br /> The sudden accident cost the family more than 300,000 yuan -- 70 percent of which they had to pay for themselves, as some imported medicines were not reimbursed. Heard that she has unfortunate things, a lot of friends through the wechat helped her to fundraising and she deeply moved. Now, when she talks about these memories, she would smile and talks in a relaxed tone. She has a pair of charming eyes, shining like jewels which enabling you to listen intently to her . When she tries to emphasize something, she would pauses but not to choke her up. She soon extricated herself from the sad narrative.<br /> <br /> The sudden accident cost the family more than 300,000 yuan -- 70 percent of which they had to pay for themselves, as some imported medicines were not reimbursed. Heard that she has unfortunate things, and a lot of friends through WeChat helped her to fundraise and she was deeply moved. Now, when she talks about these memories, she would smile and talks in a relaxed tone. She has a pair of charming eyes, shining like jewels which enable you to listen intently to her. When she tries to emphasize something, she would pause but not choke up. She soon extricated herself from the sad narrative.<br /> <br /> ====胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 得病后，张淑尔不仅被肉身的疼痛所侵袭，精神上也遭遇了巨大打击——眼瞅着三个孩子都要上学，可生活费怎么办？正当她陷入愁苦之地时，一项政策令她欣喜无比——通过对贫困户的助学补助，每个上小学的孩子每年能获得3000元生活补助。她掰着指头算了算：有了这一年9000元的补助，便能解决孩子们的吃饭、穿衣、买学习用品等问题，实在是雪中送炭。事实上，助学补助可以让家长们摆脱极度贫困的状态，拓宽他们的思想空间，让他们拥有更长远的人生观——教育必须现在就投入。培养下一代，让他们身心健康且受过良好的教育，无论是从短期还是长期的角度看，都非常有助于消除贫穷。童年时期在营养上的少量投入，对孩子在以后的成长会产生很大影响。现在，当这位母亲能为孩子购买牛奶、鸡蛋、肉类及蔬菜时，她便能让孩子在童年时就吸收到充足营养，这样不仅会减少他们患病的概率，且能拥有健康的体魄。当这些孩子长大成年后，能够挣到更多的钱，能够带动这个家庭走出“贫穷陷阱”，防止贫穷的代际传播。一项针对美国南部及几个拉丁美洲国家抗疟活动的研究表明，与患过疟疾的儿童相比，未患过疟疾的儿童长大后每年的收入要多50%。<br /> <br /> After the illness, Zhang Shuer was not only attacked by physical pain， but also suffered a great blow mentally--seeing that all three children had to go to school, what about the cost of living? When she was in a land of sorrow, she was overjoyed by a policy that through student aid to poor families, each child who went to primary school could receive a living allowance of 3000 yuan a year. She calculated that with a subsidy of 9000 yuan this year, she would be able to solve the children's problems of eating, dressing, and buying school supplies. In fact, student subsidies can lift parents out of extreme poverty, broaden their thinking space and give them a longer-term outlook on life-education must be invested now. Nurturing the next generation so that they are physically and mentally healthy and well educated, both in the short term and in the long term, is very helpful in eradicating poverty. A small amount of investment in nutrition in childhood will have a great impact on children's growth in the future. Now, when the mother can buy milk, eggs, meat, and vegetables for her child, she can let her child absorb adequate nutrients in childhood, which will not only reduce their risk of illness, but also have a healthy body. When these children grow up, they will be able to earn more money, which can lead the family out of the &quot;poverty trap&quot; and prevent the intergenerational spread of poverty. A study of anti-malaria activities in the southern United States and several Latin American countries shows that children who do not have malaria earn 50% more a year when they grow up than those who have.<br /> <br /> After the illness, Zhang Shuer was not only attacked by physical pain，but also suffered a great blow mentally--seeing that all three children had to go to school, what should she do about living expenses for school. When she was in a sorrowful mood, she was overjoyed by a policy that through education aid to poor households, each child who went to the primary school could receive a living allowance of 3000 yuan a year. She calculated that with a subsidy of 9000 yuan every year, she would be able to ensure the children's eating, dressing, and learning supplies. How a timely aid. In fact, student subsidies can lift parents out of extreme poverty, broaden their horizons and give them a longer-range outlook on life-education must be invested now. Nurturing the next generation so that they are physically and mentally healthy and well educated, both in the short term and in the long term, is very helpful in eradicating poverty. A small amount of investment in nutrition in childhood will have a great impact on children's growth in the future. Now, when the mother can buy milk, eggs, meat, and vegetables for her child, she can let her child absorb adequate nutrients in childhood, which will not only reduce their risk of illness, but also have a healthy body. When these children grow up, they will be able to earn more money, which can lead the family out of the &quot;poverty trap&quot; and prevent the intergenerational spread of poverty. A study of anti-malaria activities in the southern United States and several Latin American countries shows that children who do not have malaria earn 50% more a year when they grow up than those who have.<br /> <br /> ====任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====<br /> <br /> <br /> 除了助学补助外，张淑尔还有残疾补助——每月300多元；她家还申请了低保——每月1000多元。有了这些补助托底，加上地里的收入和丈夫的打工收入，这个家已经像加了油的发动机，开始轰隆隆地转了起来。这栋新房子是2018年盖起来的，花费的20多万中有一半的钱是借来的，而国家补助的4万元简直是雪中送炭。“老房子是瓦房，总是滴滴答答地漏水，里面又暗又潮。”现在，张淑尔每天骑摩托车接送孩子们去上学。当她的手抓住车把时，总显得颤颤巍巍。可是，她是母亲啊！一咬牙，她浑身都充满了地母般的力量，就那样把摩托车开了出去！现在，当她做任何一件事时，都需要付出比一般人多几倍的努力才能达到。然而，她却不愿等、靠、要，而愿意努力地去干活。当她拿出手机展示孩子们的照片时，眼神璀璨得像黑丝绒上的宝石。经历了那样一场大劫难，可在她的身上，一点都没有看破红尘、茫然若失、怨恨诅咒，反而充满了诚挚和热情。现在，她以无比的耐心和耐力，平静地接受着命运给予她的不公。不，她并不想把生活变成嚎啕的哭墙，而想把它变成旋转的舞台。<br /> <br /> Apart from education subsidies, Zhang Shu’er has been offered disability subsidies with 300-plus yuan per month; She also applied for the subsistence allowances with more than 1000 yuan every month. Thanks to these subsidies, together with farmland gains and her husband’s income as a laborer, the family got to rumble just like a fueling engineer. The new house built in 2018, cost over 200,000 yuan, half of which was borrowed from someone else.Under such a situation, the national grants of 40,000 yuan are literally timely assistance. In the past, she lived in a tile-roofed house which was always dripping by a pitapat. It was dark and damp inside. But now, Zhang Shu’er picks up her children for school by motorbike every day. She always seemingly trembles as she grabs the handlebar. Yet, she is a mother! On gritting her teeth, she is full of strength all over her body so that makes the motorbike move forward. Now, no matter what things she does, she needs to pay several times more efforts to achieve it than ordinary people. However, she is unwilling to wait, depend on others, and get something from others , but willing to work hard. When she pulled out her phone to show pictures of her children, her eyes shone like jewels on the black velvet. Despite such a great disaster experience, in her body, we did not find any trace of seeing through the emptiness of the material world, losing herself in a reverie, resentment and curse, but full of sincere and enthusiasm. Now, with great patience and endurance, she calmly accepted the injustice that fate had given her. No, she didn't want life to be a wailing wall, but a spinning stage.<br /> <br /> <br /> In addition to the student subsidy, Zhang Shuer also has a disability subsidy of more than 300 yuan per month; Her family also applied for a minimum living allowance of more than 1000 yuan per month. With these subsidies, plus the income from the fields and the husband's working income, the family has started to boom like an oil engine. The new house was built in 2018, half of the 200000 yuan spent was borrowed, and the 40000 yuan subsidized by the state was a timely help. &quot;The old house is a tile roofed house, always dripping with water. It is dark and damp inside.&quot; Now, Zhang Shuer rides a motorcycle to pick up the children to school every day. When her hands grasped the handlebars, she always looked trembling. But she is a mother! As soon as she gritted her teeth, she was full of the power like the mother of earth, and drove the motorcycle out like that! Now, when she does anything, she needs to pay several times more efforts than ordinary people to achieve it. However, she did not want to wait, rely on, and want, but was willing to work hard. When she took out her mobile phone to show the children's photos, her eyes shone like jewels on black velvet. After such a great disaster, she was full of sincerity and enthusiasm instead of being disillusioned with the world of mortals, lost, resentful and cursed. Now, with incomparable patience and endurance, she calmly accepts the unfairness given to her by fate. No, she doesn't want to turn life into a wailing wall, but a revolving stage.<br /> <br /> ====黄舒威 Huang Shuwei====<br /> <br /> <br /> 当你来到这栋簇新的砖房门前时，根本不能相信这是贫困户的家。这栋屋子的外墙上嵌着瓷砖，敦实地扎在地面上，显得簇新至极。48岁的张炳辉是这栋屋子的男主人。这是个身量适中的男子，皮肤黝黑，脸庞秀气，目光沉静。虽然他的前额上已有了些皱纹，且发际线很高，但看起来他还是很年轻，皮肤既没有粗糙松弛，也没有严重下垂——这应和他长期从事体力劳动有关。若单看他的服饰，你会觉得他和你目光所及的别人没什么差别——黑白相间的T恤外是黑夹克衫，下身是黑长裤，然而，他却赤脚穿着双拖鞋。十年前，你刚到岭南时，看到有人在冬日赤脚穿拖鞋总感觉浑身不自在，而现在，你早已适应与习惯了岭南人的这种装束。<br /> <br /> <br /> When you come to the door of this new brick house, you can't believe that this is the home of poor families. The exterior wall of this house is inlaid with ceramic tiles, which are firmly fixed on the ground and look very new. Zhang Binghui, 48, is the man who owns this house. He was a man of moderate size, with dark skin, delicate face and quiet eyes. Although there are some wrinkles on his forehead and his hairline is very high, he looks very young. His skin is neither coarse nor saggy, which should be related to his long-term manual labor. If you only look at his clothes, you will feel that he is no different from others you can see. The black and white T-shirt is covered with a black jacket, and the lower part is black trousers. However, he is barefoot wearing a pair of slippers. Ten years ago, when you first arrived in Lingnan, you always felt uncomfortable when you saw someone wearing slippers barefoot in winter. Now, you have already adapted to the Lingnan people's dress.<br /> <br /> <br /> When you stand in front of the door of this new brick house, you will never believe that it is the house of the poor livelihood. The exterior wall of this house was inlaid with ceramic tiles and firmly stood on the ground, which appeared extremely new. Zhang Binghui, 48, is the owner of this house. He was a man of moderate size, with dark skin, delicate face and quiet eyes. Although some wrinkles appeared on his forehead and his hairline was very high, he still looked very young. His skin is neither coarse nor saggy, which should be related to his long-term manual labor. If you only look at his clothes, you will feel that he has no difference from other people you can see in sight——The black and white T-shirt is covered with a black jacket, and the lower part is black trousers. However, he was barefoot with a pair of slippers. When you first arrived in Lingnan ten years ago, you would always feel uncomfortable if you saw someone wearing slippers in winter. But now, you have already adapted to this kind of Lingnan people's dressing.<br /> <br /> ====姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 显然，他是个有条有理的人，因为他的家收拾得实在是利落至极——不止是砖房外镶嵌着瓷砖，在客厅的内部也铺了地砖，而木质的沙发和茶几擦拭得干干净净，厨房里的锅碗瓢盆，摆放得整整齐齐。在屋外的篱笆里，他还养了四五只鸡，各个毛发艳丽，气宇轩昂。站在门口朝外看去，侧旁的那栋破旧泥土屋便显得格外扎眼——那屋子又矮又黑，简直像一触即碎、岌岌可危。而那栋屋子，就是他曾经的老屋。你知道海丰毗邻南海，经常会遭到超强台风的袭击。若长久地居住在这样的老房中，是非常危险的事情——暴雨狂泻会引发内涝，让堤坝决口；河水会淹没农田，也会冲倒农舍。而热带的暴雨和西北的毛毛雨完全不同——那雨根本不是一条条线垂直落下，而是一堆堆钢珠一股脑泼洒而下。这样的雨不会因为云团的离开而停止，因为这里已凝聚了太多的湿气，需咆哮许久才能释放完。粗暴的台风会将行人吹走，树木吹倒，屋宇吹塌。<br /> <br /> Obviously, he is an order person, because his home is extremely tidy—not only are tiles inlaid outside the brick house, but also floor tiles are paved inside the living room, while the wooden sofa and tea table are wiped clean, and the pots and pans in the kitchen are placed neatly. In the fence outside the house, he also raised four or five chicken, each with gorgeous hair and lofty appearance. Standing at the door and looking outside, the dilapidated mud house at the side was particularly eye-catching—it was short and dark, and seemed to be broken if been touched. And that house was his old one. As you know, Haifeng is adjacent to the South Sea of China and is often attacked by super typhoon. If you live in such an old house for a long time, it is very dangerous—the torrential rain will lead to water-logging, causing the dam to burst; The river will flood the farmland and wash down the farmhouses. However, the tropical rainstorm is completely different from the drizzle in the northwest—the rain does not fall vertically in single lines, but in piles of steel balls. The leave of clouds will not cause the rain to stop, because there is too much moisture here, and it needs to roar for a long time to release. A violent typhoon will blow away pedestrians, blow down trees and blow down buildings.<br /> <br /> Obviously, he lived a well organized life, for his house was neatly kept--not only the tile-cladded walls, but also the tiled floor of the living room. The wooden sofa and table were very clean, and the pots and pans in the kitchen were arranged in order. In the fence outside, he also raised four or five hens, with beautiful feather and imposing appearance. Looking out from the door, the beside dilapidated mud house was particularly eye-catching--low and dark, fragile and dangerous. And that house was the old one he lived in. Haifeng, adjacent to the South China Sea, is often attacked by super typhoons. It is very dangerous to live in such an old house for a long time. The torrential rain will cause waterlogging and burst the dam; the swollen river will flood the fields and bring down the houses. The tropical storm is completely different from the drizzle in the northwest. The rain is not falling vertically in lines, but piles of steel balls splashing down which will not stop when the clouds have left. Because too much moisture condensed here need a long time to release. Violent typhoons can blow pedestrians away, bring trees down and devastates the houses.<br /> <br /> ====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====<br /> <br /> <br /> 张炳辉实在想盖栋新房子，这念头在他脑海里存在了不止一两年，可他总是困于手上现钱太少而放弃。2018年，趁着国家有危房改造的补助，他咬着牙建起了这栋新房。总投资20多万的费用里，除自己的多年积蓄外，他还问亲友们借了点钱，再加上国家补助的4万元，最终将这栋簇新屋宇建造起来。对农民而言，盖起一栋房子不仅仅是立起了一栋四方形建筑物，而且还塑造了一个有形的家——新房子不仅看起来赏心悦目，还是一种自信和实力的表现。现在，这家人住在这栋整洁的屋子里——客厅里摆着电视和冰箱，厨房里有自来水，卫生间可淋浴——和城市的楼房并无二般。住进这样的房子后，人们会自觉地保持屋子的整洁，而且还提升了自信心。有自来水的厨房和可以淋浴的卫生间，让农民的生活更加卫生，减少了疾病产生的可能性。孩子们若在这样的居住环境中长大，便能拥有更好的生活。<br /> <br /> Zhang Binghui had really wanted to build a new house for more than a year or two, but he always gave up because of little cash on hand. In 2018, he managed to build a new house with the government subsidy for the renovation of dilapidated houses. The total expenses for the house were more than 200,000 yuan. In addition to his savings for many years, he also borrowed some money from relatives and friends, plus 40,000 yuan from the state subsidy. For farmers, a house is not just a square building, but also a tangible home. Namely, a new house is not only pleasing to look at, but also a sign of confidence and strength. Now, the family lives in this tidy house--with a TV and a refrigerator in the living room, running water in the kitchen and a shower in the bathroom--just like a city house. Living in such a house, people will consciously keep it clean and tidy, but also become self-confident. Kitchen with running water and bathroom with a shower make farmers' life more sanitary and reduced the possibility of disease. Children can have a better life if they grow up in such a living environment.<br /> <br /> Zhang Binghui had really wanted to build a new house for more than a year or two, but he always gave up because of lack of cash. In 2018, he managed to build a new house with the government subsidy for the renovation of dilapidated houses. The total expenses for the house were more than 200,000 yuan, which including his savings for many years, the money borrowed from relatives and friends, plus 40,000 yuan from the state subsidy. For farmers, a house is not just a square building, but also a tangible home. Namely, a new house is not only pleasing to look at, but also a sign of confidence and capability. Now, the family lives in this tidy house—with a TV and a refrigerator in the living room, running water in the kitchen and a shower in the bathroom—just like any other city house. Living in such a house, people will consciously keep it clean and tidy, but also become self-confident. Kitchen with running water and bathroom with a shower make farmers’ life more sanitary and reduce the possibility of disease. Children can have a better life if they grow up in such a living environment.<br /> <br /> ====李鸿 Li Hong====<br /> <br /> <br /> 张炳辉说起话来时，语调沉稳而缓慢。他有三个孩子——大女儿已中专毕业，二女儿还在读大学，而小儿子在读中专。现在，他正处于人到中年的尴尬阶段——孩子们都未能独立，而他和老婆的身体又一天天在走下坡路。家里的两大开支明晃晃地摆在那里——除了日常的生活费，还有孩子们的学费。而他和妻子辛苦一年的收入，在交付完这些费用后，也便所剩无几。显然，令整个家致贫的原因并非男主人不聪明、不勤奋、不努力。他感慨道：“现在种地实在不容易！人口多，耕地少，又缺水！”1984年，村里进行联产承包责任制时，他家只分得了4亩多地。后来，家里的人越来越多，兄弟们便只好再次分地。最终，他只分得了一亩多地，而且水田少，旱地多。因为缺水，以前一年可种两季稻，现在只能种一季。他和妻子在地里忙碌一年，收入甚微，但若彻底放弃，又总觉不甘心——地是农民的根本之所在；离了地，好像人没有了灵魂。然而，种地的收入又入不敷出，故而地变成了鸡肋，食之无味，弃之可惜。<br /> <br /> <br /> When Zhang Binghui spoke, his tone was steady and slow. He had three children—the eldest daughter had graduated from technical secondary school, the second daughter was still in college, and the youngest son was in technical secondary school. Now, he was confronted with the awkward stage of middle age—the children were unable to be independent, while the parents’ health was getting worse and worse. The two major expenses of the family were obvious—the daily living expenses and the children’s tuition fees. Though they worked hard all year long, there was still nothing much left after paying these fees. Obviously, the reason that made the whole family poor was not that the man was not smart, hardworking, or diligent enough. He sighed: “It is not easy to be a farmer now! There was a large population with relatively little land with water shortage existed!” In 1984, when the village carried out the household contract responsibility system, his family only got about 4 mu of land (mu: a unit of area=0.0667 hectares). Later, the number of people in the family grew, so the brothers had to divide the land again. In the end, he only got about one mu of land, with less paddy lands and more dry lands. Because of the lack of water, they used to be able to grow rice twice a year, but now they could only grow one. He and his wife had been busy in the field for a year; still their income was very little. But they feel reluctant to give up farming—the land was the root of farmers, without the land, it was as if people have no soul. However, the income from farming could not make ends meet, so the land became some kind of “chicken ribs”: tasteless but wasteful to discard.<br /> <br /> When Zhang Binghui spoke, his tone was steady and slow. He had three children—the eldest daughter had graduated from technical secondary school, the second daughter was still in college, and the youngest son was in technical secondary school. Now, he was confronted with the awkward stage of middle age—the children were unable to be independent, while the parents’ health was getting worse and worse. The two major expenses of the family were obvious—the daily living expenses and the children’s tuition fees. Though they worked hard all year long, there was still nothing much left after paying these fees. Obviously, the reason that made the whole family poor was not that the man was not smart, hardworking, or diligent enough. He sighed: “It is not easy to be a farmer now! There is a large population with relatively little land with water shortage existed!” In 1984, when the village carried out the household contract responsibility system, his family only got about 4 mu of land (mu: a unit of area=0.0667 hectares). Later, the number of people in the family grew, so the brothers had to divide the land again. In the end, he only got about one mu of land, with less paddy lands and more dry lands. Because of the lack of water, they used to be able to grow rice twice a year, but now they could only grow one. He and his wife had been busy in the field for a year; still their income was very little. But they felt reluctant to give up farming—the land was the root of farmers, without the land, it was as if people have no soul. However, the income from farming could not make ends meet, so the land became some kind of “chicken ribs” — things of little interest.<br /> <br /> ====李佳珺 Li Jiajun====<br /> <br /> <br /> 在地里再怎么捯饬，都不可能折腾出更多的钱来，可家里的开销却一样都减不了。为补贴家用，他便到镇上的服装厂去打工。他干的是车工，工资以计件来计算——活多的时候，他一个月能挣上个两三千，而但活少的时候，就一分也没得挣。老婆除了料理家务和照顾孩子外，还利用空闲去厂里做杂工，干些剪线头之类的活计，能挣一点是一点。在服装厂已打了20多年的工，他完全算得上是个熟练工。如果公平镇的服装产业能一直延续上世纪80年代的红火，他家的日子也不会一下子落入窘境。这几年，服装市场整体不景气，外单订货量大幅减少，这些和国内原材料成本上涨，劳动力成本优势减弱等都有关系。没有订单，工厂就不开工；工厂不开工，工人就没钱赚。现在，失业后的张炳辉处境尴尬——这个时候想转行，实在是困难！应该学点什么呢？让他把在服装厂学到的技能忘得一干二净，再去学别的技能，并不是一件容易的事；可是，若让他去建筑工地之类的地方干活，他已不再年轻，无法和别人拼体力。如今，这对夫妻即便胼手抵足地忙碌，日子还是紧巴巴。<br /> <br /> No matter what he did on the farmland, he could not be able to earn more money. However, the household expense couldn’t be cut down neither. In order to make more money, he went to work at the clothing factory in the town. He was a lathe worker, and his salary was calculated on a piecework basis. In the peak season, he could make two or three thousand yuan per month, while in the slack season he could make no money. In addition to taking care of the household chores and the children, the wife also had to do the part-time job in the factory as a handyman, doing some work such as trimming thread ends, to earn as much as she could. Working in the clothing factory for more than 20 years, he was totally qualified as a skilled worker. If the clothing industry in Gongping Town could continue its prosperity in the 1980s, his family would never fall into this predicament. In recent years, the whole clothing market is in the low season, and the order quantity had slumped. All of these were related to the increase of domestic raw material prices and the decrease of labor cost advantage, etc. Without orders, the factories wouldn’t open, thus, the workers wouldn’t make any money. Now, unemployed, Zhang Binghui is in an awkward situation —— it is so hard to switch to another job! What should he learn? It’s not easy for him to forget all the skills he learnt from the clothing factory and learn other new working skills. However, if you ask him to work at the construction site, he was no younger anymore and can’t compete with others on strength. Although the couple work really hard, they are still struggling for life.<br /> <br /> No matter what he did on the farmland, he could not be able to earn more money. However, the household expense couldn’t be cut down neither. In order to make more money, he went to work at the clothing factory in the town. He was a lathe worker, and his salary was calculated on a piecework basis. In the peak season, he could make two or three thousand yuan per month, while in the slack season he could make no money. In addition to taking care of the household chores and the children, his wife also did the part-time job in the factory as a handyman, doing some work such as trimming thread ends, to earn as much as she could. Working in the clothing factory for more than 20 years, he was totally qualified as a skilled worker. If the clothing industry in Gongping Town could continue its prosperity in the 1980s, his family would never fall into this predicament. In recent years, the whole clothing market is in the low season, and the order quantity had slumped. All of these were related to the increase of domestic raw material prices and the decrease of labor cost advantage, etc. Without orders, the factories wouldn’t open, thus, the workers wouldn’t make any money. Now, unemployed, Zhang Binghui is in an awkward situation - it is so hard to switch to another job! What should he learn? It’s not easy for him to forget all the skills he learnt from the clothing factory and learn other new working skills. However, if you ask him to work at the construction site, he is no younger anymore and can’t compete with others on strength. Although the couple work really hard, they are still struggling for life.<br /> <br /> ====李可依 Li Keyi====<br /> <br /> <br /> 然而，办法总比困难多！2016年之后，原本陷入忧郁的张炳辉，一下子变得开朗起来：“种地！种地！种地！”原来，在国家的扶贫政策中，有一项是“以奖代补”——贫困户无论是种地或打工，在年底都会按比例进行奖励。开始，他在心里还有些犯嘀咕——真的会奖励吗？扶贫工作队给贫困户免费发放袁隆平培育的杂交水稻品种，且发动贫困户连片种植超级水稻。在种植前，扶贫工作队还对贫困户进行专门的技术培训。2017年，当张炳辉领到4000元的补助后，心里暖洋洋的，浑身舒坦！自己的地自己种，种了后收成是自己的，国家还能补助这么多钱，这是多么好的事！于是，他和妻子商量着来年要多种一点地，妻子忙不迭地点头同意。到2018年年底时，他领到了7000元的补助。对这个家来说，这些补助真是春风化雨，来到正是时候。此刻，是这对夫妻最为艰难的时段——若再熬几年，孩子们毕业后都工作了，他家的日子便会真正地好起来。<br /> <br /> However, there are always more solutions than difficulties! After 2016, Zhang Binghui, who had fallen into melancholy, became cheerful all of a sudden: &quot;Planting! Plant the land! Plant the land!&quot; It turns out that one of the national policies for poverty alleviation is &quot;rewarding instead of subsidizing&quot; - poor households will be rewarded proportionally at the end of the year, whether they farm or do other work. At first, he wondered that whether it really be rewarded. The poverty alleviation task force gave poor households free hybrid rice varieties cultivated by Yuan Longping, and initiated them to plant super rice in a row. Before planting, the poverty alleviation team also provides special technical training to poor households. In 2017, when Zhang Binghui received a subsidy of 4,000 yuan, his heart was so warm! He plant his own land, and harvest by his own, the state also subsidize so much money, how wonderful! So, he discussed with his wife about planting more land next year, she nodded her head in agreement. By the end of 2018, he had received a subsidy of 7,000 yuan. For this family, these subsidies are really timely help. Because that is the most difficult time for the couple - if they work hard a few more years, after their children graduate and work, his family's life will really get better.<br /> <br /> Correction:However, there are always more solutions than difficulties! After 2016, Zhang Binghui, who had fallen into depression, became cheerful all of a sudden: &quot;Planting! Plant the land! Plant the land!&quot; It turns out that one of the national policies for poverty alleviation is &quot;substitute subsidies with rewards&quot; - poor households will be rewarded proportionally at the end of the year, whether they farm or do other work. At first, he wondered that whether it really be rewarded. The poverty alleviation task force gave poor households free hybrid rice varieties cultivated by Yuan Longping, and initiated them to plant super-rice in a row. Before planting, the poverty alleviation team also provides special technical training to poor households. In 2017, when Zhang Binghui received a subsidy of 4,000 yuan, his heart was so warm! He sows his own land, and reap his own harvest, the government also subsidizes so much money, how wonderful! So, he discussed with his wife about planting more land next year, she nodded her head in agreement. By the end of 2018, he had received a subsidy of 7,000 yuan. For this family, these subsidies are really timely help. Because that is the most difficult time for the couple - as long as they work hard a few more years, by the time their children are out of school and working, his family's life will really get better.<br /> <br /> ====李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====<br /> <br /> <br /> 陈路波书记说：“村里有不少像张炳辉这样积极就业的贫困户。从2016年到2019年，村里发放的“以奖代补”奖金有100多万元，这对贫困户来说是实实在在的帮助。”他还说：“针对白山村村集体经济较为薄弱的状况，龙岗区财政注资200万元，入股建设海龙投资大厦项目，以确保村集体每年不低于10万元的分红；此外，还将66户有劳动能力的贫困户组织起来，每户投资2万元，入股海丰县的红色旅游项目，每户每年可分红1400元；又投入20万元，委托镇政府统筹公平镇的产业扶贫项目，每年不低于8%的收益分红。”为了推动传统农业由粗放型向集约型转变，扶贫工作队还帮助村里成立了合作社，筹集资金购买了一台耙田机、一台挖掘机，并将村民生产的优质农产品销往深圳等地，让村民增加收入。<br /> <br /> Secretary Chen Lubo said: &quot;There are many poverty-stricken households who are actively employed like Zhang Binghui in the village. From 2016 to 2019, the village has paid more than 1 million yuan in the&quot; reward for compensation &quot;bonus, which is a real help to the poverty-stricken households.&quot; He also said: &quot;In view of the weak collective economy of Baishan Village, the financial department of Longgang District has invested 2 million yuan in the construction of Hailong Investment Building Project to ensure that the village collective receives no less than 100,000 yuan of dividends annually. In addition, 66 poor households with labor ability have been organized, with 20,000 yuan invested by each household in the Red Tourism Project of Haifeng County, and each household can receive 1,400 yuan of dividends annually. Another investment of 200,000 yuan entrusted the town government to coordinate the town's industrial poverty alleviation projects, no less than 8% of the annual profit will be distributed. &quot; In order to promote the transformation of traditional agriculture from extensive to intensive, the poverty relief team also helped the village establish cooperatives, raised funds to buy a harrow machine and a excavator, and sold high-quality agricultural products produced by the villagers to Shenzhen and other places, so that the villagers can increase their income.<br /> <br /> Correction: Secretary Chen Lubo said: &quot;There are many poverty-stricken households who strive actively to be employed like Zhang Binghui in the village. From 2016 to 2019, the village has allocated more than 1 million yuan for the “substituting subsidies with rewards” bonus, which is a real help to the poverty-stricken households.&quot; He also said: &quot;In view of the weak collective economy of Baishan Village, the financial department of Longgang District has invested 2 million yuan in the construction of Hailong Investment Building Project to ensure that the village receives no less than 100,000 yuan of dividends annually. In addition, 66 poor households with labor ability have been organized, with 20,000 yuan invested by each in the Red Tourism Project of Haifeng County, and thus each household can receive 1,400 yuan of dividends annually. Another investment of 200,000 yuan was entrusted to the town government in the organization of the town's industrial poverty alleviation projects, with no less than 8% of its annual profit being dividend payments.&quot; In order to promote the transformation of traditional agriculture from extensive to intensive, the poverty relief team also helped the village establish cooperatives, raised funds to buy a harrow machine and an excavator, and sold high-quality agricultural products produced by the villagers to Shenzhen and other places, so that the villagers can increase their income.<br /> <br /> ====李心田 Li Xintian====<br /> <br /> <br /> 长日将尽，暮色四合。离开白山村后，车子又驶出了公平镇。乡村小道旁的低矮山峦，渐渐地隐退到车窗后面，只剩下一道道蓝紫色的轮廓。你的眼前消失了平缓的田野，也消失窄窄的乡道、戴草帽的农人、亮着灯的屋舍。当你离开这些景色时，好像离开了一片古老的大地。你突然意识到，你那样喜欢乡村生活，原因是因为你长久地居住在城市中。事实上，出现在你眼里的乡村，是和城市进行比对后的乡村，而这种景致在农民眼里，会呈现出另一种意义。对农民来说。乡村不仅代表家园、家族和根系，还代表缓慢、滞重和禁锢。为了能获得丰收，他们便不得不适应各种约束，所以，他们比你更了解孤寂与单调的滋味。<br /> <br /> The long daytime was coming to a close and the night scene was rising all around. After leaving Baishan Village, the car then drove off Gongping Town. The low hills along the country trail gradually retreated back of the car windows, leaving only several violet profiles. Before your eyes, the flat fields were disappearing, and the narrow village roads, the farmers wearing grass hats as well as the lighted huts were also missing. When you were leaving these scenes, it was as if you were leaving an ancient land. You suddenly realized that you loved the country life so much only because you lived in the city for so long. In fact, the countryside in your eyes was a countryside contrasted with the city. While in the eyes of the farmers, the scenery of the countryside would showcase another meaning. For them, what the countryside represented was not only homeland, family and roots, but also tardiness, stodginess, and restraints. In order to obtain harvest, they had to adapt to various restraints. Therefore, they knew more of the taste of loneliness and tedium.<br /> <br /> Correction:<br /> The long daytime was coming to a close and the night scene was rising all around. After leaving Baishan Village, the car then drove off Gongping Town. The low hills along the country trail gradually retreated back of the car windows, leaving only several violet profiles. Before your eyes, the flat fields were disappearing, and the narrow village roads, the farmers wearing grass hats as well as the lighted huts were also missing. When you were leaving these scenes, it was as if you were leaving an ancient land. You suddenly realized that you loved the country life so much only because you lived in the city for so long. In fact, the countryside in your eyes was a countryside contrasted with the city. While in the eyes of the farmers, the scenery of the countryside would showcase another meaning. For them, what the countryside represented was not only homeland, family and roots, but also tardiness, stodginess, and restraints. In order to obtain harvest, they had to adapt to various restraints. Therefore, they knew more of the taste of loneliness and tedium.<br /> <br /> ====李彦 Li Yan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 在穿过了一片又一片的幽黑地带后，前方出现了密集的灯光——县城到了！夜幕下的海丰城像个大集市，到处都闪烁着霓虹灯，涌动着喧嚣的车流，拥挤着熙攘的人群。忙碌了一天，人们在大排档喝碗麻鱼粥后再归家。虽然已是12月底，但习习的夜风却显得格外舒爽。你思忖——城市代表着人类文明最复杂、最精纯的面貌。在如此之小的面积上，却集中了如此之多的人口，令城市像一个热烘烘的大熔炉。城市如此广袤，任何人都可在这里过上隐姓埋名的生活，而不为邻居所知。对城市人来说，每个人都是单独的个体，都局限在自己的家庭和职业中，而不与周围的环境发生密切联系。<br /> <br /> After passing through one dark area after another, there were dense lights ahead - the county town was here! Haifeng City at night is like a big bazaar, with neon lights flashing everywhere, surging with noisy traffic and crowded with bustling people. After a busy day, people drink a bowl of sesame fish congee at a big stall before returning home. Although it is already the end of December, the night breeze is particularly refreshing. You ponder - the city represents the most complex and purest face of human civilization. The concentration of so many people in such a small area makes the city like a hot melting pot. The city is so vast that anyone can live an anonymous life here without being known by their neighbors. For urbanites, each person is a separate individual, confined to his or her own family and profession, without close contact with the surrounding environment.<br /> <br /> ====李梓玉 Li Ziyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 与此相反，每一个村庄都貌似一个单独的小宇宙，但生活其中的人们却紧密地相互勾连着。人们在乡村的生活虽然缓慢，但古老的传统并没有完全解体，依旧存在着强大的影响。在乡村，人们彼此看着长大，知根知底。任何一个陌生人的到来，都会被村民即刻辨认出来。春耕、夏耘、秋收、冬藏——村庄的时间谱系和城市完全不同。村庄的时间要聆听天空和泥土的讯息，而城市的时间，却被路灯和空调所掌握。村庄里的万事万物——农舍、庄稼、祠堂和各种礼仪，都经过了许多世纪的演化，已达到了某种完美而和谐的境地；而城市还像个少年，处于正在发育的阶段。村庄的表面看起来像一个迷宫，但内部却有着清晰的规则，就像那些铺展在大地上的农田，虽然每一片的结构都各不相同，但许多块田地拼凑在一起，却能形成一件完美的百纳衣。<br /> <br /> <br /> == Part 30 ==<br /> <br /> ====梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 大化村<br /> <br /> 赤坑镇位于县城的东南部，此镇名字的由来源于大革命时期，这里是赤卫队活动的中心。为纪念赤卫队对人民的赤胆忠心，故而将这里定名为“赤坑镇”。你要到达的大化村，是汕尾供电局对口扶贫的一个村。你发现乡间小路上车辆甚少，而在每一条小路之后都有另一条小路等待着，这些路看上去并没什么差别。窗外的景色是岭南的隆冬，却更像西北的初秋。树木好像在奔跑，而草丛在阳光的炙烤下，呈现出一片黄红色。每隔一段时间，就会有一座村庄豁然出现，展示出一幅岭南乡村水墨画——低矮的农舍，小块的农田，蜿蜒的河流，戴草帽的农人。<br /> <br /> <br /> Dahua village<br /> <br /> Located in the southeastern part of the county, Chikeng takes its name from the Cultural Revolutionary era, when it was the center of Red Guard activities.In order to commemorate the Red Guard's loyalty to the people, it was named &quot;Chikeng Town&quot;. The Dahua village you are going to reach is a poverty alleviation village matched by Shanwei Power Supply Bureau. You find that there is very little traffic on the country roads, and after each road there is another road waiting, and they look the same. Outside the window is the midwinter in Lingnan, but it turns out to be more of the early autumn in northwest. The trees seem to be running, and the grass heated by the burning sunlight , showing a piece of yellow red. Every once in a while, a village pops up, revealing an ink painting of the Lingnan countryside -- low-slung farmhouses, small plots of farmland, winding rivers, farmers in straw hats.<br /> <br /> Correction：<br /> <br /> Dahua village<br /> <br /> Located in the southeastern part of the county, Chikeng took its name from the the Northern Expedition era, when it was the center of Red Guard activities. In order to commemorate the Red Guard's loyalty to the people, it was named &quot;Chikeng Town&quot;. The Dahua village you are going to arrive is a poor village helped by Shanwei Power Supply Bureau. You find that there is very little traffic on the country roads, and after each road there is another road waiting, and they look the same. Outside the window is the midwinter in Lingnan, but it turns out to be more of the early autumn in northwest. The trees seem to be running, and the grass heated by the burning sunlight , showing a piece of yellow red. Every once in a while, a village pops up, revealing an ink painting of the Lingnan countryside -- low-slung farmhouses, small plots of farmland, winding rivers, and farmers in straw hats.<br /> <br /> ====廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 你终于来到了大化村。驻村队长、第一书记张立业是个身量适中、五官分明的中年男子，鼻梁上架着眼镜，脸上浮现着温和的笑容。原本，他是名供电局的干部，如今，却被村民们亲切地称为“草帽书记”。当你跟着他行走在村子内部时，看到这里田野舒朗，树木苍翠，巷道干净，广场开阔，一排排路灯像士兵般伫立。张书记笑着说：“村里以前可不是这个模样。”据他介绍，大化村是广东省的省定贫困村，不仅位置偏远，且基础设施落后。扶贫工作队先后筹集资金95万元，不仅修建了交通水利等基础设施，解决了河溪沟渠淤积堵塞、臭不可闻、时常泛滥的问题，还完成了村内雨污分流的问题，又对村前人行道进行了改造，并对村外立面进行了粉刷，拆除了老旧电线杆，改造了62盏路灯，安装了太阳能路灯22枚，这才让整个村庄的面貌焕然一新。工作队还协助发动乡绅乡贤捐款，筹集资金近140万，完成了中山文化广场的建设。<br /> <br /> You finally come to Dahua village. Zhang Liye, the leader in residence and First Secretary, is a middle aged man of medium height and looks sharp-featured. On his face is gentle smile and on his nose are spectacles. At first, he was a cadre in the power supply bureau, but he is called Secretary in a Straw Hat by villagers kindly. When you walk through the village with him, you can see comfortable fields, lush trees, clean roadway and wide square with soldier-like street lamps in rows. Secretary Zhang laughs, “The village is different now.” Dahua village was a poor village in Guangdong Province with remote location and backward infrastructure, introduced by Zhang. Task forces which aim to help the poor raised 950,000 yuan to refresh the village. Their contributions included the establishment of infrastructure in transportation and water conservancy, the clog, smell and usual overflowing of rivers and ditches. They also contributed to rain and sewage diversion, the painting of village facade, the upgrading of pavement in front of the village, the removal of old utility poles, the upgrading of 62 street lamps and the installation of 22 solar street lamps. They also helped to mobilize country gentlemen to donate money, which was worth almost 1.4 million yuan, resulting in the construction of Zhongshan Culture Square.<br /> <br /> Correction：<br /> You finally come to Dahua village. Zhang Liye, leader in residence and First Secretary, is a middle aged man of medium height with marked features and a gentle smile on his face as well as a pair of spectacles perched on his nose. At first, he was a cadre in the power supply bureau, but now he is called Secretary in a Straw Hat by villagers fondly. When you walk through the village with him, you can see comfortable fields, lush trees, clean roadway and wide square with soldier-like street lamps in rows. Secretary Zhang said with a smile, “The village is different now.” Dahua village was a poor village in Guangdong Province with remote location and obsolete infrastructure, introduced by Zhang. Poverty alleviation team raised 950,000, with which the whole village now takes on a new look. Their contributions included the establishment of infrastructure in transportation and water conservancy, the clog, smell and usual overflowing of rivers and ditches. They also contributed to rain and sewage diversion, the painting of village facade, the upgrading of pavement in front of the village, the removal of old utility poles, the upgrading of 62 street lamps and the installation of 22 solar street lamps. They also assisted to mobilize country gentlemen to make contributions, raising almost 1.4 million yuan for the completion of Zhongshan Culture Square.<br /> <br /> ====刘丛领 Liu Congling====<br /> <br /> <br /> 大化村共有700多户，其中的103户为贫困户，而有劳动能力的贫困户有71户。从2016年至2019年，扶贫工作队为村里筹集各项资金约750万元，大大推动了村里的经济发展。三年内，扶贫工作队共申请政府危房改造补助资金120多万元，完成危房改造40户；2018年获得大病救助贫困户人员34人，获得医保报销资金100多万。截至2018年，贫困户人均可支配收入达9500多元，基本解决了“两不愁三保障”及饮水安全问题。到2019年年底，所有的贫困户已全部脱贫。<br /> 以前的大化村不仅经济力量薄弱，且产业结构单一——蔬菜种植和家禽养殖处于零星状态，而水稻农田则抛荒很多，基本没什么像样的产业。现在，村里的经济呈现出“百花齐放、满园争妍”的状态。扶贫工作队因地制宜打造“一村一品”，促成了海丰勤致合作社、智慧农场、礼扬腐竹生产基地投资、袁隆平水稻等40多个项目的诞生。自2016年以来，扶贫工作队先后为贫困户购买袁隆平杂交水稻种子，共免费发放稻种2000多斤；通过与专业农业公司达成协议，为农户提供技术指导培训，拓宽村民“稳粮增收”的渠道；引导村民种植甜瓜、番茄等经济作物，协助农户饲养、销售特色产品，譬如走地鸡、散养黑猪等，激发农户的内生动力。<br /> Of the 700 households in Dahua village, 103 are poverty-stricken families and 71 are able to work. From 2016 to 2019, the poverty alleviation team raised about 7.5 million yuan in various funds for the village, which greatly promoted the village's economic development. Within three years, the task force applied for more than 1.2 million yuan of government subsidies to renovate 40 dilapidated houses.<br /> In 2018, 34 people from poor households received assistance for serious diseases, and more than 1 million yuan was reimbursed by medical insurance. By 2018, the per capita disposable income of poor households had reached more than 9,500 yuan, which basically ensure that rural poor people have no worry about food and clothing and have access to compulsory education, basic medical services, and safe housing. and drinking water safety. By the end of 2019, all poor households had been lifted out of poverty. In the past, Dahua Village was not only economically weak, but only had a single industrial structure -- vegetable farming and poultry farming were sporadic, rice fields were abandoned and there were few decent industries. Now, the economy of the village is in full bloom. The poverty alleviation team has built &quot;one village, one product&quot; according to local conditions, which has contributed to the birth of more than 40 projects such as Haifeng Qin Zhi Cooperative, Smart Farm, Liyang Fu Bamboo Production Base investment, and Yuan Longping Rice. Since 2016, the poverty alleviation task force has purchased Yuan Longping hybrid rice seeds for poor households and distributed over 2,000 jin of rice seeds free of charge. Through agreements with specialized agricultural companies to provide technical guidance and training for farmers, the task force managed to broaden the channels for villagers to &quot;stabilize grain and increase income&quot; and guide villagers to plant cash crops such as melon and tomato, and assist farmers to raise and sell local products, such as free-range chicken and free-range black swines, so as to stimulate farmers' inner motivation.<br /> <br /> Correction:Of the 700 households in Dahua village, 103 were poverty-stricken families, and only 71 poverty-stricken families were able to work. From 2016 to 2019, the poverty alleviation team raised about 7.5 million yuan in various funds for the village, which greatly promoted the village's economic development. Within three years, the task force applied for more than 1.2 million yuan of government subsidies to renovate 40 dilapidated houses. In 2018, 34 people from poor households received assistance for serious diseases, and more than 1 million yuan was reimbursed by medical insurance. By 2018, the per capita disposable income of poor households reached more than 9,500 yuan, which basically ensured that rural poor people had no worry about food and clothing and had access to compulsory education, basic medical services, and safe housing and drinking water safety. By the end of 2019, all poor households had been lifted out of poverty. In the past, Dahua Village not only was economically weak, but also had a single industrial structure -- vegetable farming and poultry farming were sporadic, rice fields were abandoned and there were few decent industries. Now, the economy of the village is in full bloom. The poverty alleviation team has built “one village, one product” according to local conditions, which has contributed to the birth of more than 40 projects such as Haifeng Qinzhi Cooperative, Smart Farm, Liyang Dried Beancurd Sticks Production Base investment, and Yuan Longping Rice. Since 2016, the poverty alleviation task force has purchased Yuan Longping hybrid rice seeds for poor households and distributed over 2,000 jin of rice seeds free of charge. Through agreements with specialized agricultural companies to provide technical guidance and training for farmers, the task force broadens the channels for villagers to &quot;stabilize grain and increase income&quot; and guides villagers to plant cash crops such as melon and tomato, and assists farmers to raise and sell local products, such as free-range chicken and free-range black swine, so as to stimulate farmers' inner motivation.<br /> <br /> ====刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 在主干道旁岔出了条沙石小路，路旁挺立着一棵硕大的榕树，树干繁密遒劲，树叶浑圆招摇。树旁的那栋姜黄色小楼，看着十分簇新，为乡野景致增添了几分现代气息。那熠熠闪光的牌匾——“海丰县勤致种养专业合作社”——是2019年11月挂起来的。看到“合作社”三字，你变得兴致盎然。这个词你并不陌生——早在上世纪80年代，你就已经知道了它。现在，它又回来了！曾经的合作社是农民的一条阳光大道；如今，它的内涵已发生了变化——它不再是旧事物，而成为新模式。过去的合作社是计划经济体制下的集体经济，如今的合作社，是社会主义市场经济体制下的个体经济。现在，合作社像连心桥而不是独木桥，把一盘散沙的农民们组织起来，让大家抱团取暖，协作发展，而不是等、靠、要。<br /> A sandy path branches off the main road, where there is a huge banyan tree with a thick trunk and beautiful round leaves. The small ginger house near the tree seems newly renovated, which adds a touch of modernity to the rural landscape. The glittering plaque -- “Haifeng County Qinzhi Professional Breeding Cooperative” -- is put up in November 2019. When seeing the word “Cooperative”, you become interested in it. It’s a word you’re familiar with -- you already knew it back in the 1980s. Now, it’s back! The cooperatives were once a sunny avenue for farmers; now its meaning has changed -- it is no longer the old thing, it is the new model. In the past, cooperatives were collective economies under the planned economy system, while cooperatives in today are individual economies under the socialist market economy system. Now, cooperatives are like a connecting bridge of hearts instead of a single-log bridge. They organize farmers in disarray together, so that the farmers can help each other and actively cooperate for development instead of just waiting for, relying on or demanding other’s help.<br /> A sandy path branches off the main road, where there is a huge banyan tree with a thick trunk and beautiful round leaves. The small ginger house near the tree seems newly renovated, which adds a touch of modernity to the rural landscape. That glittering plaque -- “Haifeng County Qinzhi Professional Breeding Cooperative” -- was put up in November 2019. When seeing the word “Cooperative”, you become interested in it. It’s a word you’re familiar with -- you already knew it back in the 1980s. Now, it’s back! The cooperatives were once a sunny avenue for farmers; now its connotation has changed -- it is no longer the old thing, it is the new model. In the past, cooperatives were collective economies under the planned economy system, while in today they are individual economies under the socialist market economy system. Now, cooperatives are like a connecting bridge of hearts instead of a single-log bridge. They organize farmers in disarray together, so that the farmers can help each other and actively cooperate for development instead of just waiting for, relying on or demanding other’s help.<br /> <br /> ====刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====<br /> <br /> <br /> 事实上，这个农业合作社是海丰县708个合作社中的一个。原来，海丰县一直在大力推进现代农业的发展。县里非常重视产业园区建设——县里将发展重点聚焦在优质稻、蔬菜、水果、茶叶、畜禽、水产养殖这六大生产基地，投入资金22804万元打造海丰蔬菜省级现代农业产业园，建成了智慧农业云平台、蔬菜雾化栽培科技园、蔬菜植物工厂等科技含量较高的现代农业设施，促使现代蔬菜生产体系、经营体系逐步完善；海丰县还投入1400万元，推进“一村一品、一镇一业”的发展——组织各镇（场）积极申报镇级特色农业产业，抓好招商引资，优化发展环境，通过龙头企业带动，结合当地优势，形成特色产业带和优势带，着力打造好海丰蔬菜、黄羌金针菜、联安有机米、公平花生、坑口芋头等一批特色品牌；海丰县注重培育发展新型农业经营主体——累计培育了1265家农业龙头企业、农<br /> 民专业合作社、家庭农场等新型农业经营主体，其中农业龙头企业71个，农民专业合作社708个，家庭农场486个。<br /> <br /> <br /> As a matter of fact, it is one of 708 cooperatives in Haifeng County. It turns out that it has been making great efforts to develop modern agriculture. The County values the construction of industrial parks mostly—it put the key of development on six production bases of high-quality rice, vegetables, fruits, tea-leaves, livestock and poultry and aquaculture, invested 228.04 billion yuan in Haifeng modern agricultural and industrial park of vegetables in provincial level, and equipped with some modern agricultural facilities, such as smart agricultural cloud platform, science and technology park of vegetable atomization planting, and vegetable plant factory, which prompted modern vegetable production and operation system to be developed gradually. Besides, Haifeng County also put 14 million yuan on the development of “a village with a featured brand and a town with a specialty industry”—organized each town to declare project of featured agriculture and industry in town level with positiveness, seized every chance to attract investments and optimized business environment. Through the drive of leading enterprises and the combination with local advantages, a characteristic industrial belt and an advantageous belt could be formed, aiming to build featured brands of Haifeng vegetables, Huang Qiang day lily, Lian An organic rice, Gong ping peanuts, and Keng Tou sweet potatoes. It also laid emphasis on nurturing and developing new types of agricultural businesses—a total of 1,265 leading enterprises in agriculture, specialized farmer’s cooperatives and home farms had been nurtured, including 71 leading enterprises in agriculture, 708 specialized farmer’s cooperatives and 486 home farms.<br /> <br /> <br /> As a matter of fact, it is one of 708 cooperatives in Haifeng County, which turns out to make great efforts in developing modern agriculture. The County values the construction of industrial parks, it put the key of development on six production bases of high-quality rice, vegetables, fruits, tea-leaves, livestock and poultry and aquaculture, invested 228.04 billion yuan in Haifeng modern agricultural and industrial park of vegetables in provincial level, and equipped with some modern agricultural facilities, such as smart agricultural cloud platform, science and technology park of vegetable atomization planting, and vegetable plant factory, which prompted modern vegetable production and operation system to be developed gradually. Besides, Haifeng County also put 14 million yuan on the development of “a village with a featured brand and a town with a specialty industry”—organized each town to declare project of featured agriculture and industry in town level with positiveness, seized every chance to attract investments and optimized business environment. Through the drive of leading enterprises and the combination with local advantages, a characteristic industrial belt and an advantageous belt could be formed, aiming to build featured brands of Haifeng vegetables, Huang Qiang day lily, Lian An organic rice, Gong ping peanuts, and Keng Tou sweet potatoes. It also laid emphasis on nurturing and developing new types of agricultural businesses—a total of 1,265 leading enterprises in agriculture, specialized farmer’s cooperatives and home farms had been nurtured, including 71 leading enterprises in agriculture, 708 specialized farmer’s cooperatives and 486 home farms.<br /> <br /> ====刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 推开合作社的大门，一个现代化的展示大厅赫然出现。你在这里看到了村民们种植的各种土特产：水稻、番薯、鸡蛋、腐竹、蜂蜜、线辣椒、走地鸡、狮头鹅等。事实上，农业生产充满了风险——只要某种产品出现过一次滞销，那么，农民一整年的辛苦就会全部白废。如何让农产品既能卖出去，又能卖出个好价钱？扶贫干部们给出的解决方案是——合作社将农户种植的绿色有机农产品进行收购后，再通过加工和包装，在网上销售，省去中间流通环节，让优质的农产品从田间地头直达消费者餐桌，让农民从“丰产不丰收”的魔圈中跳脱出来。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> When you open the door of the cooperative group , a modern display hall appears. Here you see all kinds of local products grown by the villagers: rice, sweet potatoes, eggs, bean curd, honey, threaded peppers, walking chickens, lion's head geese, etc. In fact, agricultural production is fraught with risk - if a product ever lags, farmers' whole year effort will be wasted. How to sell agricultural products and sell them at a good price? The solution given by the poverty alleviation cadres is - the cooperative group will buy the green and organic agricultural products planted by farmers, and then sell them online through processing and packaging, eliminating the intermediate circulation links, so that the high-quality agricultural products from the field directly to the consumer's table, so that farmers can jump out of the magic circle of &quot;abundant production but not abundant harvest&quot;.<br /> <br /> Opening the door of the cooperative group, a modern display hall appears. You can see all kinds of local products planted here: rice, sweet potatoes, eggs, bean crud, honey, threaded peppers, chickens, geese and so on. In fact, there are so much risk in agricultural production - farmers’ effort for the whole year would be in vain for the product lags. So how to sell those agricultural products well? The solution given by the poverty alleviation cadres is - the cooperative group could buy those green and organic products and then process and package them to sell online, thus eliminate the intermediate circulation links and make the products be sent on the customers’ tables directly. Farmers can jump out off the disastrous circle of “bumper product but no bumper harvest.”<br /> <br /> ====覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====<br /> <br /> <br /> 你看到合作社门前田地模样很特别——每一块都用田埂分隔成长方形，且竖着大大的牌子。你凑近一看，上面写着“勤致智慧农业A区7号地”，而地里长着叶子油绿的生菜和卷心菜。原来，在这15亩的“智慧农业”项目中，种的都是消费者预定的蔬菜。你想起十多年前，“开心农场”的游戏风靡网络，成为那一代人的记忆。为了体验丰收带来的喜悦，不少玩家还起早贪黑，为菜园浇水、施肥、捉虫，甚至去偷菜。可惜，那种行为只能停留在虚拟世界。2019年11月11日，“智慧农业项目”在大化村正式启动——这是扶贫工作队与阿拉丁智慧创新实验室联合开发的交互平台，最终的目的是实现互联、控制和增收。城里人每月花一两百元就能拥有一块属于自己的菜地，既能让孩子学到农业知识，还能让家人吃上放心的绿色食品!据张立业书记介绍——平台通过集成传感器技术和无线控制技术，彻底实现了“实地实景”“可视可控”等创新效果。线上用户的播种、种菜、收获等全过程都能与线下商家的实际农田劳作相对应，让都市人能瞬间穿越到田园。用户通过手机可远程为农田浇水、施肥、除草、收割，并通过摄像头实时查看果蔬的生长情况。这种做法，还让农民避免了种好的菜没人买的风险，从农业从传统的种植模式中解放出来，让贫困户实现真正的脱贫致富。<br /> <br /> The fields in front of the cooperative are very special - each one is separated by a ridge into a rectangle and a large sign is erected in it. Taking a close look you could see it says “Qinzhi Smart Agriculture A Zone No. 7”, and leafy green lettuce and cabbage are growing in the field. It turns out that all the vegetables in this 15-acres fields of “smart agriculture” project are planted with consumers’ orders. It recalls you that, more than a decade ago the game “Happy Farm” took the internet by storm and became a memory for that generation. In order to experience the joy of harvest, many players get up early and stay up late to water, fertilize and catch insects for the garden, they even steal vegetables from others. Unfortunately, that behavior can only stay in the virtual world. On November 11, 2019, “Smart Agriculture Project” was officially launched in Dahua Village - an interactive platform jointly developed by the Poverty Alleviation Task Force and the Aladdin Smart Innovation Lab, with the ultimate goal of interconnection, control and income generation. People living in city spend about a hundred yuan a month to have a piece of their own vegetable plot, not only to let children learn agricultural knowledge, but also to let the family eat safe and green food! According to Secretary Zhang Liye - through the integration of sensor technology and wireless control technology, the platform thoroughly realized the “field realistic” “visual control” and other innovative effects. The whole process of sowing, planting and harvesting for online users can correspond to the actual farming work of offline businesses, making the people living in city feel like being in the field personally. Users can remotely water, fertilize, weed, harvest and view the growth of fruits and vegetables in real time through the phone. This practice also allow farmers to avoid the risk of having no one to but the vegetables. It frees them from traditional farming model and allows poor households to achieve true poverty alleviation and prosperity.<br /> <br /> ====刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 在那间普通的平房正门上，贴着“吉星高照”——这是孙贤在的家。虽然内里的空间不算大，但墙壁却刷得相当洁白。当上午10点的阳光从小窗投射进来后，整个房间璀璨而明亮。你注意到这间屋子和你在岭南乡村所见的屋子差不多，但就是那墙白得有些异常——好像昨天才刚刚粉刷过。然而，那石灰粉却并不均匀，有的地方深，有的浅。这屋子可谓“麻雀虽小五脏俱全”——客厅里摆放着木质沙发、木质高低床，而木桌上放着电视和电饭煲，墙上则挂着老式日历，房梁上挂着吊扇；卫生间虽然面积很小，但安装有洗手池和淋浴器；厨房的煤气灶上，是一口大锅。除了窗户稍显小之外，这间屋子和城里的楼房大同小异，没什么差别。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====鲁思 Lu Si ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 男主人看起来比实际年龄要年轻得多——虽然皮肤黧黑，但眼睑的轮廓却格外清晰，暗黑的瞳眸里闪闪发亮，嘴唇厚实而有弧度。他梳着三七开的分头，穿着件白色长袖衬衫和黑长裤。虽然在额头、眼角和脸颊处有些许皱纹，但整个面部刮得干干净净。最让你难忘的便是他的眼眸——那是典型的广东人之模样——深深地凹陷下去。虽然你在新疆时见惯了维吾尔族和哈萨克族的模样，但这个男人和这些少数民族的模样又有不同。等他开始讲述时，你听到了一股浓浓的粤味普通话。<br /> 原本，他应和村里人过着相似的生活——侍弄那几亩地，到了年底，将水稻和番薯卖出后可收入6000元左右。然而，这种生活模式却发生了意外。1987年，孙贤在结婚了，但他却没有发现老婆是个脑膜炎患者。虽然她看起来身量不高，但却是好手好脚的模样。婚后，做丈夫的才大吃一惊——妻子不仅经常头晕、头疼、发热、恶心，且还呕吐现象。到医院一检查，发现她早已患有脑膜炎。疾病让这个家的日子蒙上了一层雾霾——妻子既没有劳动能力，也无法干家务，故而里里外外的事都要丈夫一肩挑；而且，妻子长年看病吃药，还要支出一大笔费用。<br /> <br /> The male owner looks younger, and although his skin is dark, his eyelids are well defined, his eyes sparkle, and his lips are thick and curved.His hair was parted in threes and sevens, and he wore a white long-sleeved shirt and black pants. Although there were some wrinkles on his forehead, eyes and cheeks, his entire face was clean. The most impressive thing was his eyes, which were typical of Cantonese people, with dimensional features.Although you are used to seeing Uighur and Kazakh looks when you were in Xinjiang, this man looks different again from these minorities. By the time he starts talking, you hear a strong whiff of Cantonese Mandarin.<br /> <br /> Originally, he was supposed to live a similar life as the people in the village - farming, and at the end of the year, he could earn about 6,000 yuan after selling the rice and sweet potatoes. However, this life pattern took an unexpected turn. in 1987, Sun Xianzai got married, but he did not find out that his wife was a meningitis patient. Although she did not look high, but all intact. After the marriage, the husband was surprised - his wife not only often dizziness, headache, fever, nausea, and also vomiting phenomenon.When she went to the hospital, it was found that she had been suffering from meningitis for a long time. The illness made the family's life even more difficult - the wife was unable to work, nor could she do housework, so her husband had to do everything; moreover, she had to spend a lot of money on medication for years.<br /> <br /> The master looks younger than his real age, and although his skin is dark, his eyelids are well defined, his eyes sparkle, and his lips are thick and curved.His hair is parted in threes and sevens, and he wears a white long-sleeved shirt and black pants. Although there are some wrinkles on his forehead, eyes and cheeks, his entire face is clean. The most impressive thing is his eyes, which are typical of Cantonese people, with dimensional features.Although you are used to seeing Uighur and Kazakh looks when you were in Xinjiang, this man looks different again from these minorities. By the time he starts talking, you hear a strong whiff of Cantonese Mandarin.<br /> <br /> Originally, he was supposed to live a similar life as the people in the village - farming, and at the end of the year, he could earn about 6,000 yuan after selling the rice and sweet potatoes. However, this life pattern took an unexpected turn. in 1987, Sun Xianzai got married, but he did not find out that his wife was a meningitis patient. Although she did not look high, but all intact. After the marriage, the husband was surprised - his wife not only often had dizziness, headache, fever, nausea, and also vomited.When she went to the hospital, it was found that she had been suffering from meningitis for a long time. The illness made the family's life even more difficult - the wife was unable to work, nor could she do housework, so her husband had to do everything; moreover, she had to spend a lot of money on medication for years.<br /> <br /> ====陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====<br /> <br /> 在2016年时，当扶贫工作队在进行贫困户的调查时，发现老孙家的问题很大。<br /> <br /> In 2016, when the Poverty Alleviation Task Force was conducting a survey of poor households, it found that there was a big problem in the Laosun family.<br /> <br /> In 2016, when the Poverty Alleviation Task Force was conducting a survey of poor households, it found that there was a big problem in the Laosun family.<br /> <br /> 男主人已不再年轻，无法胜任高强度的重体力劳动；妻子常年有病，无劳动能力；三个子女虽然都20多岁了，但情况不容乐观——儿子干的是不锈钢加工的活，每月能有3000收入；大女儿和小女儿干的都是销售，每月有2200元的收入。<br /> <br /> The male host was no longer young and could not be competent for high-intensity physical labor; The wife was sick all the year round and unable to work; Although the three children were all in their 20s, the situation was not optimistic - the son was working in stainless steel processing, and he could earn 3000 per month; The eldest daughter and youngest daughter were both engaged in sales, with a monthly income of 2200 yuan.<br /> <br /> The male host was no longer young enough to be competent for high-intensity heavy physical labor; His wife was ill all the year round and had no ability to work; Although the three children were over 20 years old, but the situation is not optimistic- the son was working in stainless steel processing, monthly income of 3000 yuan; The eldest daughter and the younger daughter were both engaged in sales, with a monthly income of 2200 yuan. <br /> <br /> 这些工作都是临时性的，所以他们的收入很不稳定。故而，孙贤在的家被核定为贫困户。在广东生活了十余年后，你知道做固定工作和打散工有很大区别——打散工的人，总要为找下一份工作而发愁。<br /> <br /> These jobs were temporary, so their income was very unstable. Therefore, Sun Xian's family was approved as a poor household. After living in Guangdong for more than ten years, You know there is a big difference between doing a regular job and doing casual work - people who do casual work always have to worry about finding the next job.<br /> <br /> These jobs were all temporary, so their income was very unstable. Therefore, Sun Xian's home was approved as a poor household. After living in Guangdong for more than ten years, you know that there is a big difference between a regular job and a casual job- people who do casual work always have to worry about finding the next job.<br /> <br /> 他们在生活中要精打细算才能活下去，很难存住钱； 与固定工人相比，散工的工作日很少。在印度古吉拉特邦的一项调查发现——散工平均每年工作254天，而上班族为354天；同时，1/3的底层散工只工作137天。<br /> <br /> They have to be thrifty in life to survive, and it is difficult to save money; Compared with regular workers, casual workers have fewer working days. A survey in Gujarat, India, found that casual workers work an average of 254 days a year, while office workers work 354 days; At the same time, 1/3 of the casual workers at the bottom of society only work for 137 days.<br /> <br /> They have to scrimp in life to survive, it is difficult to save money; Compared with regular workers, casual workers work fewer days. A survey in the India state of Gujarat found that casual workers worked an average of 254 days a year, compared with 354 days for office workers. At the same time, a third of casual workers at the bottom work only 137 days. <br /> <br /> 针对他家的情况，扶贫干部们设计了特别的帮扶计划——鼓励子女们尽量能干一份稳定的工作，不仅能维持自己的生存，还能补贴点家用；老孙的年龄偏大，不适合干地里的活，但可以搞养殖。<br /> <br /> According to the situation of Sun Xian's family, the poverty relief cadres had designed special assistance plans to encourage their children to do a stable job as much as possible, not only to maintain their own survival, but also to subsidize household expenses; Lao Sun was too old to work in the field, but he could do farming.<br /> <br /> According to the situation of Sun Xian's family, the poverty relief cadres had designed special assistance plans to encourage their children to do a stable job as much as possible, not only to maintain their own survival, but also to subsidize household expenses; Lao Sun was too old to work in the field, but he could do farming. <br /> <br /> “饲养走地鸡是个不错的活，既不用耗费太大体力，又能有相当收入！”可老孙畏手畏脚：“卖不出去怎么办？”干部们给他打气：“你只管养，我们来帮你卖！”于是，老孙安下心来，搞起了走地鸡的养殖。<br /> <br /> &quot;Raising groud-up chickens is a good job. It doesn't need too much physical strength, and it can earn a lot of money!&quot; But Sun was afraid, &quot;What if I can't sell it? The cadres cheered him up, &quot;You just keep it, and we'll sell it for you!&quot; So Sun settled down and started to breed the groud-up chicken.<br /> <br /> &quot;It's a good job to raise groud-up chickens. You don't need to spend too much energy and you can earn quite a lot of income!&quot; But Sun was afraid, &quot;What if I can't sell it? The cadres cheered him up, &quot;You just keep it, and we'll sell it for you!&quot; So Sun settled down and started to breed the groud-up chicken.<br /> <br /> 果然，等200多只鸡养成后，干部们帮他联系销售，一只鸡能卖到100元，一年便能收入2万多元！三年下来，干部们已帮他销售了将近700只鸡呢！<br /> <br /> Sure enough, after more than 200 chickens were cultivated, the cadres helped him to contact the sales. One chicken could sell for 100 yuan, and the annual income could be more than 20000 yuan! Over the past three years, the cadres had helped him sell nearly 700 chickens!<br /> <br /> Sure enough, after more than 200 chickens were cultivated, the cadres helped him to contact the sales. One chicken could sell for 100 yuan, and the annual income could be more than 20000 yuan! Over the past three years, the cadres had helped him sell nearly 700 chickens!<br /> <br /> ====马明宇 Ma Mingyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 除了卖鸡的收入外，因父亲和子女们都在工作，故而他家在2017年时获得“以奖代补”的奖励5000元，2018年时有8000元；再加上村里扶贫项目的分红1000元，县红色旅游项目的分红1400元，老孙积腋成裘，很快就甩掉了穷帽子。他的心里一直揣着个小梦想——将旧房子翻新一下。而现在，说干就干！现在，你看到的房子不仅墙壁雪白，不仅客厅和卧室铺了瓷砖，连卫生间的四壁都嵌上了瓷砖，而这些全部工程，才花费了1.3万元！看到你大吃一惊的模样，他指着墙壁说：“那些都是我自己买涂料自己刷的！”顿了顿，他补充道：“暗房子里住的都是发愁的人！”<br /> <br /> In addition to the income from selling chickens, because both father and children are working, his family received a &quot;bonus instead of subsidies&quot; award of 5000 yuan in 2017 and 8000 yuan in 2018. In addition to the village poverty alleviation project dividend 1000 yuan, county red tourism project dividend 1400 yuan, Lao Sun accumulated into fur, soon threw off the poor hat. He has always had a small dream in his heart- to renovate the old house. And now, just do it! Now, you see the house not only white walls, not only the living room and bedroom paved with tiles, even the four walls of the bathroom are embedded with tiles, and these all projects, only spent 13,000 yuan! Seeing your surprise, he pointed to the wall and said: &quot;Those are my own paint brush!&quot; After a pause, he added,&quot;Dark houses are filled with worriers!&quot; <br /> <br /> In addition to the income from selling chickens, his family received an award of 5,000 yuan in 2017 and 8,000 yuan in 2018 because his father and children were both working. He soon got rid of his poverty hat. He always had a little dream in his heart - to renovate his old house. And now, it's done! Now you see a house with white walls, tiles in the living room and bedrooms, and tiles in the bathroom, all for 13,000 yuan! Seeing your astonished look, he points to the walls and says, &quot;I bought all that paint myself!&quot; After a pause, he adds, &quot;The dark house is full of fretful people!&quot;<br /> <br /> 陡然间，你被这句话给击中了——虽然这是一句相当普通的话，但却蕴含着岭南人所特有的机敏与幽默。他一定要粉刷房子，哪怕不专业，也要让墙白起来，因为，他不想发愁！显然，这栋簇新的屋子带给他的，是一种强烈的成就感！所以，当他在描述自己的生活时，态度显得那样积极。饲养走地鸡启动了一个良性循环，而在那最初的时刻，鼓励他不要害怕付出的声音显得尤为重要。<br /> <br /> Suddenly, you are hit by this sentence- although this is a fairly common sentence, but it contains the unique wisdom and humor of Lingnan people. He must paint the house, even if not professional, but also let the walls white, because he does not want to worry! Obviously, this brand-new house brought him a strong sense of accomplishment! So, when he was describing his life, his attitude was so positive. Raising ground-up chickens starts a virtuous circle, and in that first moment, the voice that encouraged him not to be afraid to give is especially important.<br /> <br /> You are struck by the steepness of the phrase - a rather common phrase, but one that contains the wit and humour that is characteristic of the Lingnan people. He must paint the house, if not professionally, to get the walls white, because, well, he doesn't want to fret! Clearly, the tufted house brought him a strong sense of achievement! So, when he describes his life, his attitude seems that positive. Raising walking chickens started a virtuous circle, and in those first moments it was especially important to encourage him not to be afraid to give his voice.<br /> <br /> <br /> Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)<br /> <br /> ====彭琦 Peng Qi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 礼扬腐竹厂是扶贫工作队引进广东礼扬农业科技公司的精准扶贫项目，采用“公司+村集体+农户”的新模式。截止2019年年底，汕尾供电局已累计拨付捐赠资金90万元用于该产业项目，而大化村委会已通过“保底分红”的方式参股，2018年年底收入首批分红15万元。这个厂于2018年年初正式投运，随即还举办了大豆机械化种植技术暨农业产业项目现场会。现在，腐竹厂年均产量10万余斤，提供公益性岗位约30个（主要给留守家庭妇女和贫困户，每年可收入2万多元）；同时还带动了村民们的黄豆种植、黑猪养殖等产业——有20余户贫困户每年种植黄豆60余亩；村民可将黄豆卖给腐竹厂，还可到厂里来上班，又可利用豆渣养鸡养猪；当厂里的分红汇入村集体账户后，又增强了村子的“造血能力”！<br /> <br /> <br /> The Lai Yang beancurd factory is a targeted poverty alleviation project introduced by the poverty alleviation task force from Guangdong Lai Yang Agricultural Technology Company, adopting a new model of &quot;company + village collective + farmers&quot;. By the end of 2019, the Shanwei Electricity Supply Bureau had allocated 900,000 yuan in donations for the industrial project, while the Dahua Village Committee had participated in the shares through a &quot;guaranteed dividend&quot;, earning the first dividend of 150,000 yuan at the end of 2018. The factory was officially commissioned at the beginning of 2018, and a site meeting on soybean mechanization and agricultural industry projects was held immediately afterward. Now, the beancurd factory has an average annual output of more than 100,000 pounds and provides about 30 public service jobs (mainly for women and poor households left behind, who can earn more than 20,000 yuan per year); it also drives the villagers' soybean planting and black pig breeding industries - more than 20 poor households grow more than 60 acres of soybeans each year; villagers can sell their soybeans to the beancurd factories. The villagers can sell their soybeans to the bean factory, work in the factory and raise chickens and pigs with the bean dregs; when the dividends from the factory are remitted to the village collective account, the village's &quot;blood-making capacity&quot; is enhanced!<br /> <br /> The Lai Yang beancurd factory, from Guangdong Lai Yang Agricultural Technology Company, is a targeted poverty alleviation project introduced by the poverty alleviation task force, adopting a new model of &quot;company + rural collective + farmers&quot;. By the end of 2019, the Shanwei Electricity Supply Bureau has allocated 900,000 yuan in donations for the industrial project, while the Dahua Village Committee has participated in the shares through a &quot;guaranteed dividend&quot;, earning the first dividend of 150,000 yuan at the end of 2018. The factory was officially commissioned at the beginning of 2018, and a site meeting on soybean mechanization and agricultural industry projects was held immediately afterward. Now, the beancurd factory has an average annual output of more than 100,000 pounds and provides about 30 public service jobs (mainly for women and poor households left behind, who can earn more than 20,000 yuan per year); it also drives the villagers' soybean planting and black pig breeding industries - more than 20 poor households grow more than 60 acres of soybeans each year. Villagers can sell their soybeans to the bean factory, work in the factory and raise chickens and pigs with the bean dregs. When the dividends from the factory are remitted to the collective account, the village's &quot;blood-making capacity&quot; is enhanced!<br /> <br /> ====漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 事实上，制作腐竹是项技术活——将黄豆晒干、去壳、浸泡和磨浆后，要煮沸成浆水；再通过沉淀，让表面结出一层米黄色的腐皮；用手在腐皮的中间轻轻一拈，腐皮就被滴滴嗒嗒地拎了起来；沥干后的新鲜腐竹吊挂在竹竿上，形成一个个三角形的金色盾牌，散发出迷人的豆香； 它们用力地吸收太阳的能量，让自己变得干爽，最终甚至有了饱经风霜的模样。目睹那吊挂在院子外一排排的腐竹时，你想起了在新疆的吐鲁番所见到的那一幕。在戈壁滩的深处，有一条雪水河从山谷里蜿蜒流过，在谷底两侧便形成了葡萄林。而在那些绿色植物的旁边，伫立着一些墙壁漏洞的屋子——那是专门用来晾晒葡萄的晾房。现在，你觉得腐竹和葡萄干都表皮发皱，有着异曲同工之妙。通过这两年的努力，“礼扬山泉腐竹”已荣获“汕尾市名牌农产品”称号，而这个厂也被评定为汕尾市农业龙头企业。<br /> 穿过狭窄的巷子，你来到了一片住宅区。只见一排排平房整齐地并列着，像一艘游轮上的客舱——每一间屋子的规模都差不多，看起来十分相似。孙后船的家位于临近街道的那一间——外墙贴了瓷砖，室内的地面也铺了瓷砖。正对着大门的是客厅，摆放着木质沙发、茶几、柜子和电视等，墙上挂着钟表、应急灯和红色的中国结；墙角立着个木佛龛，内里供着观音像。<br /> <br /> <br /> In fact, the production of beancurd is a technical job-after drying, shelling, soaking and grinding soybeans, they should be boiled into slurry; Then, a layer of beige curd is formed on the surface by precipitation; Twist gently in the middle of the curd, which will be picked up bit by bit; Dried fresh beancurd is hung on the bamboo pole to form triangular golden shields, emitting charming bean fragrance; To make themselves dry, they absorb the energy of the sun, so finally even look weather beaten. Seeing the rows of beancurd hanging outside the yard, you can remember the scene you saw in Turpan, Xinjiang. In the depths of the Gobi Desert, a snow river winds through the valley, forming a vineyard on both sides of the valley bottom. And next to those green plants are some hole-in-the-wall rooms, specially used to dry grapes. Now, you think the surface of beancurd and raisin are both wrinkled, similar to each other. Two-year efforts have paid dividends, as &quot;Beancurds in Liyangshan&quot; have been crowned as &quot;Shanwei Famous Brand Agricultural Products&quot;, and this factory as the leading agricultural enterprise in Shanwei. The narrow alley leads you to a residential area where rows of bungalows stand side by side, like cabins on a cruise ship – featuring similar size and appearance in their rooms. Sun Houchuan's house is located in the one near the street - the exterior wall is tiled, so is the interior floor. Opposite the front door is the living room, where wooden sofas, tea tables, cabinets and televisions are placed. On the wall are clocks, emergency lights and red Chinese knots; In the corner of the wall stands a wooden Buddha niche, inside which is a statue of Guanyin.<br /> <br /> <br /> In fact, the production of beancurd is a technical job-after drying, shelling, soaking and grinding soybeans. They should first be boiled into slurry; Then, a layer of beige curd is formed on the surface by precipitation; Twist gently in the middle of the curd, which will be picked up bit by bit; Dried fresh beancurd is hung on the bamboo pole to form triangular golden shields, emitting charming bean fragrance; To make themselves dry, they absorb the energy of the sun, so finally even look weather beaten. Seeing the rows of beancurd hanging outside the yard, you can remember the scene you saw in Turpan, Xinjiang. In the depths of the Gobi Desert, a snow river winds through the valley, forming a vineyard on both sides of the valley bottom. And next to those green plants are some hole-in-the-wall rooms, specially used to dry grapes. Now, you think the surface of beancurd and raisin are both wrinkled, similar to each other. Two-year efforts have paid dividends, as &quot;Beancurds in Liyangshan&quot; have been crowned as &quot;Shanwei Famous Brand Agricultural Products&quot;, and this factory as the leading agricultural enterprise in Shanwei. The narrow alley leads you to a residential area where rows of bungalows stand side by side, like cabins on a cruise ship – featuring similar size and appearance in their rooms. Sun Houchuan's house is located in the one near the street - the exterior wall is tiled, so is the interior floor. Opposite the front door is the living room, where wooden sofas, tea tables, cabinets and televisions are placed. On the wall are clocks, emergency lights and red Chinese knots; In the corner of the wall stands a wooden Buddha niche, inside which is a statue of Guanyin.<br /> <br /> ====卿子晔 Qing Ziye====<br /> <br /> <br /> 42岁的孙后船像个运动员——身材矫健，动作灵敏。他穿着件灰色长袖T恤和蓝色牛仔裤，黑皮鞋擦得干干净净。他的模样显得十分可亲——那头乌发下是张洋溢着笑容的脸。看得出来，他是个性格爽朗而乐观的人。甚至，连他的声音都显得格外清脆——他说话的语速较之常人要快一点，且用词十分准确，还藏着一丝俏皮和诙谐，但又不失分寸。这个男人，如果不是因为左眼有残疾，实在是个俊朗而讨人喜欢的人。然而，命运对他却显现出了异常寻常的残酷性——因为左侧眼皮耷拉着，所以，在他左眼周围的肌肉都有些扭曲。于是，他的面孔呈现出一种古怪的效果——左侧丑陋而狰狞，右脸却英武而俊俏。然而，他却有一具和肉身不配套的灵魂——那样乐观！那样充满活力！绝不轻易言输！这种状态让你也感到欢欣——也许肉体的缺陷并不吓人，而人们若是对自己毫无期待，那才是真正的吓人。<br /> <br /> The 42-year-old Sun Houchan looked like an athlete with a strong figure and agile movements. He was wearing a gray long-sleeved T-shirt and blue jeans with his black shoes polished clean. He looked very amiable-a smiling face under his black hair. It can be seen that he is a cheerful and optimistic person. Even his voice was particularly clear-he spoke faster than others in partuculai accurate words.His communication with others was alwayed full with playfulness and humor, but he never be inpropriety. This man, if not for the disability of his left eye, is really a handsome and likable man. However, fate showed unusual cruelty to him-the muscles around his left eye were twisted because his left eyelid was drooping. As a result, his face showed a strange effect-ugly and hideous on the left, but heroic and handsome on the right. However, he has a soul that does not match the physical body-so optimistic! So full of energy! Never give up easily! This state makes you happy, too-maybe physical defects are not scary, but people are really scary if they don't expect anything from themselves.<br /> <br /> At 42, Sun Houfun looks like an athlete - athletic and athletic. He wears a grey long-sleeved T-shirt and blue jeans, and his black leather shoes are cleanly polished. He was wearing a gray long-sleeved T-shirt and blue jeans with his black shoes polished clean. He looked very amiable-a smiling face under his black hair. It can be seen that he is a cheerful and optimistic person. Even his voice was particularly clear-he spoke faster than others in partuculai accurate words.His communication with others was alwayed full with playfulness and humor, but he never be inpropriety. This man, if not for the disability of his left eye, is really a handsome and likable man. However, fate showed unusual cruelty to him-the muscles around his left eye were twisted because his left eyelid was drooping. As a result, his face showed a strange effect-ugly and hideous on the left, but heroic and handsome on the right. However, he has a soul that does not match the physical body-so optimistic! So full of energy! Never give up easily! This state makes you happy, too-maybe physical defects are not scary, but people are really scary if they don't expect anything from themselves.<br /> <br /> ====仇绪 Qiu Xu====<br /> <br /> <br /> “我刚出生的时候是能看见的！”他用强烈的口气陈述着这个事实。然后，他捋了捋情绪，开始讲述自己的前半生。出生4个月后，他的左眼突然失去了光明，眼皮亦塌陷了下来；而就是在这个时刻，他的母亲因病撒手人寰。一只眼睛失明和丧母，都发生在他还是个婴儿的时期，这是怎样痛心的惨烈之事！他是如何度过童年的，他并没有太多谈及，而是略略地一笔带过，可是，你只要稍微用心地想一想，就会觉得这男孩是在挣扎中活下来的。他的父亲既要忍受中年丧妻的打击，又要担负起抚养残疾婴儿的的责任，一定会心情郁闷无比狂躁吧？<br /> 7岁时，父亲和另一个村的女人结了婚后，自己也去了那个村。临行前，父亲将他过继给了大伯。初中没毕业，他便开始下地劳动。很快，他就对地里的各项活计都十分谙熟。等他长成一个青年时，大伯张罗着给他娶媳妇。和妻子结婚时，他并不知道她有病。事实上，这个女子和他的情况恰好相反——虽然她好手好脚，面孔端正，走路吃饭都没有问题，但她的脑袋却像电脑主板会经常短路般，一下子就黑屏了。虽然已生了两个儿子，但妻子的精神一直处于时好时坏的状态。清醒时，她像一个正常人；犯病时，她像是被恶魔附体，不仅大吼大叫，还会奋力打人。若是做丈夫的挨上几下拳脚倒也罢了，只是有时，妻子会在半夜里暴揍孩子。每一次，当他已睡得十分深沉时，听到哭嚎声如雷声炸裂，便赶忙跳起来。现在，妻子一个人睡一间卧室，而他和两个儿子一起睡。他摇摇头：“没办法！怕孩子挨打啊！”<br /> <br /> &quot;I was able to see when I was first born!&quot; He stated this fact in a strong tone of voice. Then he stroked his emotions and began to tell the story of the first half of his life. Four months after he was born, his left eye suddenly lost its light and his eyelid collapsed; and it was at this moment that his mother died of an illness. What a tragedy to lose the sight of one eye and his mother, both when he was a baby! How he spent his childhood he doesn't talk much about, but skims the surface, but you only have to think a little harder to feel that the boy survived the struggle. His father must have been depressed and manic, having had to endure the loss of his wife at mid-life and the responsibility of raising a disabled baby.<br /> When he was seven years old, his father married a woman from another village and left for that village himself. Before he left, he passed him on to his eldest uncle. Before he finished junior high school, he began to work in the fields. He soon became very familiar with all the work in the fields. When he grew into a young man, his uncle made arrangements to marry him. When he married his wife, he did not know that she was ill. In fact, the woman was the opposite of him - although she was good with her hands and feet, had a good face and walked and ate without problems, her head went black like a computer motherboard that often shorted out. Despite having two sons, my wife's spirits were in a constant state of ups and downs. When she is awake, she is like a normal person; when she is sick, she seems to be possessed by a demon, not only yelling but also hitting people with great force. If the husband got a few punches and kicks, it would be fine, but sometimes she would beat up the children in the middle of the night. Every time, when he was in a deep sleep, he would jump up when he heard the thunderous cries. Now his wife sleeps alone in one bedroom, and he sleeps with his two sons. He shakes his head: &quot;I can't help it! I'm afraid the children will be beaten!&quot;<br /> <br /> &quot;I was able to see when I was first born!&quot; He stated this fact in a strong tone. Then he regained his composure and began to tell the story of the first half of his life. Four months after he was born, his left eye suddenly lost its light and his eyelid collapsed; and it was at this moment that his mother died of an illness. What a tragedy to lose the sight of one eye and his mother, both when he was a baby! How he spent his childhood he doesn't talk much about, but skims it over, but you only have to think a little harder to feel that the boy survived the struggle. His father must have been depressed and manic, having had to endure the loss of his wife at mid-life and the responsibility of raising a disabled baby.<br /> When he was seven years old, his father married a woman from another village and went to that village himself. Before he left, he passed his son on to his eldest uncle. Before finishing junior high school, he began to work in the fields. He soon became very familiar with all the work in the fields. When he grew into a young man, his uncle arranged marriage to him. When he married his wife, he did not know that she was ill. In fact, the woman was the opposite of him - although she was good with her arms and legs, had a good face and walked and ate without problems, her head went black like a computer motherboard that often shorted out. Despite having two sons, my wife's spirits were in a constant state of ups and downs. When she is awake, she is a normal person; when she is sick, she seems to be possessed by a demon, not only yelling but also hitting people with great force. If the husband got a few punches and kicks, it would be fine, but sometimes she would beat up the children in the middle of the night. Every time, when he was in a deep sleep, he would jump up when hearing the thunderous cries. Now his wife sleeps alone in one bedroom, and he sleeps with his two sons. He shakes his head: &quot;I can't help it! I'm afraid the children will be beaten!&quot;<br /> <br /> ====全永慧 Quan Yonghui ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 这个家似乎已落入了“疾病陷阱”——丈夫残疾，妻子精神有病，两个孩子都未成年。家里的全部开销，靠丈夫一人种地所得。他是无法出门打工的，他有自知之明：“我这个样子是不能出门的，但我可以把所有的气力都放在地里面！”他发狠地种了十几亩地，每天都早出晚归地耕作，但是日子过得依旧很是艰辛。别的男人在外面劳动后，回到家可以吃上老婆做的热饭，可他却享不了那个福。回到家，他还得挽起袖子做饭。在干完家务活之余，他还要照看年幼的两个儿子和年长的大伯。你惊诧万分！在这样的高压生活下，他居然没有半点戾气，反而爽朗乐观，真是奇迹！<br /> 如果没有残疾补助，没有助学补助，这个家的日子一定会非常困难。然而，当政府提供给这个家一把“梯子”后，他们便从可怕的“贫困陷阱”中慢慢地爬了上来。现在，他家一年有3000多元的残疾补助；全家每月有900元的低保补助；13岁的大儿子在上小学，一年有3000元生活补助。这些钱在城里人看来不算多，但却能维持这个岭南乡村之家的日常生活。最为难得的是，虽然孙后船被核定为“无劳动能力的贫困户”，但他却身残志坚，决不让生命白白荒废。当扶贫干部们看到他比那些好手好脚的人还爱干活时，便将村里的一些公益工作——锄草、搞卫生、清洁水渠等——都让他来干，让他挣点零用钱。<br /> <br /> This family seemed to have fallen into a “disease trap” --a disabled husband, a mentally ill wife and two underage children. As for spending in the home, he earned it from farming alone. He was unable to range farther for work. &quot;I can't go farther in this condition, but I can put all my strength into farming!&quot;, he knew that. With a determined effort, he planted more than ten acres of land, going out early and returning late every day, but they still lived hard. Other men can have hot meals cooked by their wives when they came home after working, while he wasn't one of them. Back home, he had to roll up his sleeves to cook. Apart from housework, he also had to look after his two young sons and his elder uncle. <br /> At that, you might be extremely astonished. What a miracle it was! He was cheerful and optimistic, not pessimistic at all in such a high-pressure life. Without disability benefits and grants for studying, they would have lived a quite difficult life. However, when the government provided the family with a &quot;ladder&quot;, they could slowly climb out of the terrible &quot;poverty trap&quot;. At present, he has a disability allowance of more than 3000 yuan a year, a monthly subsistence allowance of 900 yuan for the whole family and a living allowance of 3000 yuan a year for his elder son, who is 13 years old in primary school. The money, though not much to city dwellers, can support the daily life of this family from the Lingnan village. The most rare and valuable thing is that Sun Houchuan, though recognized as &quot;poor and unable to work&quot;, determines to live his life to the fullest. When the poverty-alleviation cadres noticed that he could work harder than those with good arms and legs, they would assign him to do some village welfare work, such as weeding, sweeping, cleaning channels, etc., so that he could earn a little pocket money.<br /> <br /> The family seems to have fallen into a &quot;disease trap&quot; - the husband is disabled, the wife is mentally ill and children are too young. The family relies on the husband's farming alone for all its expenses. He was unable to go out to work and he knew it: &quot;I can't go out in this condition, but I can put all my energy into the land!&quot; He planted a dozen acres of land with a vengeance, and worked every morning and evening, but life was still very hard. After working outside, other men could come home to a hot meal cooked by their wives, but he could not enjoy that blessing. When he returned home, he had to roll up his sleeves and cook. In addition to his household chores, he has to look after his two young sons and his older uncle. You are amazed! It's a miracle that under such a high pressure life, he is not even a little bit hostile, but bright and optimistic! <br /> <br /> Without the disability allowance and the school grant, life would have been very difficult for this family. However, when the government provided the family with a &quot;ladder&quot;, they slowly climbed up from the dreaded &quot;poverty trap&quot;. The family now receives a disability allowance of more than 3,000 yuan a year; the family receives 900 yuan a month in low income benefits; and their 13-year-old son, who is in primary school, receives 3,000 yuan a year in living allowances. This is not a lot of money for city people, but it is enough to sustain the daily life of this rural family in the south of the country. The most rare thing is that, although Sun Houfun has been approved as a &quot;poor household with no working capacity&quot;, he has a strong will and will not let his life go to waste. When the poverty alleviation cadres saw that he loved working more than those healthy people, they let him do some of the village's public work - weeding, sanitation, cleaning drains, etc. - so that he could earn some pocket money.<br /> <br /> ====疏珊 Shu Shan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 他的小儿子才3岁，有着一头软软的黑发，两只眼睛又黑又亮，小巧的嘴巴很是红润，甚为机灵可爱。这孩子在灰毛衣外套了件黑色马甲，下身是蓝色牛仔裤和运动鞋，和城里孩子的衣着并无二般。当父亲要去地里干活时，总会央求邻居帮忙照看一下孩子；有时邻居有事，他便带着儿子去下地。孩子既聪明又懂事，甚至学会了挖地！在父亲的手机视频里，你看到那个小孩举着个小锄头，正认真地朝地上砍去。他的样子那样认真，绝对是在帮助父亲，而不是在玩游戏！这个小男孩，原本应在幼儿园小班里学拼音，可现在，却像个勤劳的农民般举起锄头。他手脚并用，腰杆挺直，真心实意地要给爸爸帮忙。你看着那视频直发笑，可笑着笑着，总觉得眼角发酸发涩。唉！命运对这家人如此苛刻，可他们却从未抱怨，反而坦然接受，并尽力适应与改变。这些最平常普通的人，就像那些田野里的泥土，毫不起眼，但却是撑起整个世界的基石。他们应该过上更好的生活！他们配得上更好的生活！<br /> <br /> His youngest son is just three years old, with soft black hair, two dark, shiny eyes and a small, rosy mouth, and is very cute and witty. The boy wears a black waistcoat over a grey jumper, blue jeans and trainers underneath, just like a city boy. When his father had to go to work in the fields, he would always ask a neighbour to look after the boy; sometimes he would take him down to the fields with him when the neighbour had something to do. The boy is smart and understanding, he has even learnt to dig! In the father's mobile phone video, you see the child holding a small hoe and chopping earnestly at the ground. He looks so serious, definitely helping his father, not playing a game! This little boy, who should have been learning phonics in his little kindergarten class, is now holding up his hoe like a hard-working farmer. He's on his hands and knees, his back straight and genuinely trying to help his dad. You laugh at the video, but as you laugh, the corners of your eyes feel sore and sore. Alas! Fate has been so hard on this family, yet they never complain, but accept it and try their best to adapt and change. These ordinary people are like the dirt in the fields, unimpressive, but they are the building blocks that hold the world together. They deserve a better life! They deserve a better life!<br /> <br /> His youngest son, just three years old, with soft black hair, two dark, shiny eyes and a small, rosy mouth, is very adorable and witty. The boy wears a black waistcoat over a grey jumper, blue jeans and trainers underneath, just like a boy growing in city. When his father was going to work in the fields, he would always ask a neighbor to look after the boy; sometimes he would take him down to the fields with him when the neighbor was not available. Being smart and sensible, the little boy has even learnt to dig! His father videoed the boy holding a small hoe and chopping earnestly at the ground. He looks so serious, definitely helping his father instead of playing a game! This little boy, who should have been learning phonics in his little kindergarten class, is now holding up his hoe like a hard-working farmer. He's on his hands and knees, his back straight and genuinely trying to help his dad. You laugh at the video, but as you laugh, the corners of your eyes feel sore and sore. Alas! Fate has been so hard on this family, yet they never complain, but accept it and try their best to adapt and change. These ordinary people are like the dirt in the fields, unimpressive, but they are the building blocks that hold the world together. They deserve a better life! They deserve a better life!<br /> <br /> ====王芳玲 Wang Fangling====<br /> <br /> <br /> 落日照耀着毗邻南海的这片原野。当汽车将河流、田地、农舍和树木都抛在后面时，落日并没有抛弃它们，它依旧照耀着那蜿蜒的小溪，那积水的池塘，那被杂草簇拥的香蕉林。黄昏的水面像一团烈火，在燃烧着最后一道光束。落日让小村变得像宽银幕电影，像一个乌托邦世界，像一副绚烂至极的油画。你喜欢目光所及的这些景致，更喜欢生活在景致里的这些人——他们如这田野般淳朴而厚实。<br /> 在县城的夜晚，你整理着采访笔记，思忖着这一路的所见所闻。显然，海丰县的乡村产业发展已取得了一定成效——全县形成了六大农业产业基地，培育了一批农业新型经营主体，打造了一些农业品牌，在脱贫攻坚和乡村振兴中起到很大作用，但依旧存在着问题。<br /> <br /> The sunset shines on the field by the south sea. While rivers, fields, farmhouses and trees are left behind car, the sunset still shines on the winding streams, waterlogged ponds and banana groves swarmed by weeds. The water at dusk was like a blazing fire, burning the last beam of light. The sunset makes the village a widescreen movie, like a utopian world and a gorgeous painting. You like the scenery as far as you can see, and you like the people who live in the scenery - they are as simple and thick as the fields. At night in the county, you organized your interview notes, pondering what you had seen and heard along the way. Apparently, the development of rural industries in Haifeng County has made some achievements - the county has formed six major agricultural industry bases, cultivated a number of new agricultural business entities and created some agricultural brands, which have played a great role in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, but there are still problems.<br /> <br /> The sunset shines on the field by the south sea. While rivers, fields, farmhouses and trees are left behind car, the sunset still shines on the winding streams, waterlogged ponds and banana groves swarmed by weeds. The water at dusk was like a blazing fire, burning the last beam of light. The sunset makes the village a widescreen movie, like a utopian world and a gorgeous painting. You enjoy the scenery as far as you can see, and you like the people who live in the scenery - they are as simple and thick as the fields. At night, you organized your interview notes, pondering what you had seen and heard along the way. Apparently, the development of rural industries in Haifeng County has yielded some results - the county has formed six major agricultural industry bases, cultivated a batch of new agricultural business entities and created few agricultural brands, which have played a significant role in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization though there still exist some issues.<br /> <br /> ====王纪龙 Wang Jilong====<br /> <br /> <br /> 首先，县里目前还是品牌少、效益不高，处于“有产业无效益、有主体无规模、有产品无名牌”的现状——全县的主导产业以粮食为主，经济效益不高，而规模体量大、产业链条长、科技含量高、带动能力强、就业门路多的产业项目，尚在培育之中；其次，新型经营主体的数量虽超过千家，但规模普遍不大，带动能力不强——虽然拥有100多个“三品一标一名牌”，但名牌效应并没有真正地拓展开，市场竞争力也不算强；再次，乡村人才支撑不充分——随着新型城镇化进程的加快，农民群众洗脚上田，致使乡村人才流失严重，返乡创业的氛围不浓，留守劳动力多以妇女和年老体弱者为主，文化素养和技术能力都不能适应现代农村发展的要求。凡此种种，都亟需海丰在未来的时日里得以解决。<br /> <br /> First of all, the county is still haunted with issues like few brands and low benefits, and is in the situation of &quot;business without benefits, industry without scale, product without brand&quot; - the leading industry in the county is food production and its economic benefits are not high, while the industrial projects with large scale, long industrial chain, high scientific and technological content, strong driving ability, and many employment opportunities are still under cultivation; Secondly, although the number of new business entities exceeds 1000, the scale is generally small and the driving capacity is not powerful - although there are more than 100 campanies of &quot;three products, one standard and one brand&quot;, the brand effect has not really expanded and the market competitiveness is not strong; Thirdly, the reserve of rural talents is insufficient - with the acceleration of the new urbanization process, the farmers have washed their feet and left the fields, resulting in a serious loss of rural talents. The atmosphere of returning to their hometown for entrepreneurship is not exuberant. The left behind labor force is mainly women, the elderly and the infirm, and cultural literacy and technical ability cannot meet the requirements of modern rural development. All these things need to be solved by Haifeng in the future.<br /> <br /> First of all, the county is still haunted with issues like few brands and low benefits, and is in the situation of &quot;business without benefits, industry without scale, product without brand&quot; - the leading industry in the county is food production and its economic benefits are not high, while the industrial projects with large scale, long industrial chain, high scientific and technological content, strong driving ability, and many employment opportunities are still under cultivation; Secondly, although the number of new business entities exceeds 1000, the scale is generally small and the driving capacity is not powerful - although there are more than 100 companies of &quot;three products, one standard and one brand&quot;, the brand effect has not really expanded and the market competitiveness is not strong; Thirdly, the reserve of rural talents is insufficient - with the acceleration of the new urbanization process, the farmers have washed their feet and left the fields, resulting in a serious loss of rural talents. The atmosphere of returning to their hometown for entrepreneurship is not exuberant. The left behind labor force is mainly women, the elderly and the infirm, and cultural literacy and technical ability cannot meet the requirements of modern rural development. All these things need to be solved by Haifeng in the future.</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Lingnan_Englisch_5&diff=152169 Lingnan Englisch 5 2022-12-21T08:53:02Z <p>Li Hong: /* 李鸿 Li Hong */</p> <hr /> <div>== Part 29 ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====白婷 Bai Ting====<br /> <br /> <br /> 白山村<br /> <br /> 就像每种不同的花在不同的季节开放一样，城镇的中心区域都带着这个地方成长的年代痕迹，彰显着它曾发展的最高程度以及衰败的过程。现在，你所到达的是公平镇，可谓大名鼎鼎——“千年公平古墟，粤东山区第一墟”。这个位于海丰县东北部的城镇，曾是交通要道和贸易中心。早在唐朝，这里就成为山海货物集散、商贾云集之地。这里的墟市以交易公道而著称，故而得名“公平”。在那个时候，镇里已形成每种商品均到其划定名称的街市进行交易的传统——譬如茶街、鱼街、布街、糖街、牛市、猪市、青果行、山货行等。商业的繁荣让这个镇自古便兴文重教，民风淳朴，民俗文化丰富多彩。已故民俗学泰斗钟敬文先生，就出生在这里。你在曾在县城的超市里购买过赫赫有名的“公平牛肉脯”——吃起来唇齿留香，韧劲十足，很有嚼头。这种牛肉脯的制法是祖传的：选用鲜牛肉，加上天然香料和白糖、大蒜、胡椒、汾酒等制作而成。<br /> <br /> Baishan Village<br /> <br /> Just as each kind of flower blooms in different seasons, the central area of the town bears the traces of the time when the place grew, highlighting its highest level of development and the process of decline. Now, you have arrived at Fairness Town, famous as &quot;the Millennium Fairness Ancient Ruins, the first ruins in the mountainous area of eastern Guangdong.&quot; This town, located northeast of Haifeng County, used to be a significant transportation place and trade center. As early as the Tang Dynasty, it became a place where goods were distributed, and merchants gathered. The market was named &quot;Fairness&quot; for fair trading. At that time, the town had formed the tradition that every commodity was traded in the market with its designated name - such as Tea Street, Fish Street, Cloth Street, Sugar Street, Bull Market, Pig Market, Green Fruit Shop, Shanhuo Shop, etc. The prosperity of business has enabled the town to promote culture and education since ancient times, with simple folk customs and colorful folk culture. Mr. Zhong Jingwen, the departed leader of folklore, was born here. The famous &quot;fair beef jerky&quot; you bought in the county town supermarket tastes delicious, tenacious, and chewy. This method of making beef jerky is ancestral: fresh beef, natural spices, sugar, garlic, pepper, Fenjiu, etc.<br /> <br /> ====蔡思 Cai Si====<br /> <br /> <br /> 你一直忘不了那条道路——从县城通往公平镇的那条柏油路——像是一条绿色的隧道。因为岭南的阳光强烈而顽固，令道路旁的次生灌木林闪烁着深绿与焦黄夹杂的色调。这种粘稠的色调更像是某种矿物的色调，而非是植物的色调。也许，热带不是一个以味道为基础打造出来的世界，而是一个以颜色为基础铸造起来的世界。在这个炽烈的地方，各种绚丽的颜色充满魅惑之力，令人类的瞳孔大张到极致都看不完，看不透，看不全。是的！你总是禁不住感慨——自然在热带的岭南并没有被完全征服，反而彰显着独属于它的尊严。现在，你所目睹到的这条道路像是被施了魔法，搁浅在时间的河床中——没有水泥房，没有广告牌，没有霓虹灯——完全属于异次元空间。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====陈婧 Chen Jing====<br /> <br /> <br /> 进入镇区，喧嚣扑面而来。街道两边的建筑物因岁月而显得黯淡，墙体上还吊挂着雨痕。然而，当那些鳞次栉比的巨幅服装广告，和一座座厂房与洋楼交替出现后，让你在热浪滚滚中体会<br /> 到了久违的熟稔——在东莞的各个镇区，充斥着这种工业化的味道。显然，公平镇此刻的模样，是由悠久的历史和当下的经济联合塑造而成的。现在，在这个区域面积100多平方公里的小镇上，拥有100多家各类服装企业，还有与服装配套的辅料、拉链、制线、包装等企业20多家，算得上粤东地区最大的服装专业镇。这里的服装以广州为营销中心，销往全国各地，还通过边贸销售到俄罗斯、东南亚、中东等地，外单产品占比很大。然而最终，公平镇的服装产业因各种原因，没能像东莞市的虎门镇那样，成为全世界瞩目的“服装之都”。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 就像你数次到达联安镇一样，这个镇，你也来过几次。你曾到这个镇，为拜访周凤的故居。作为彭湃的母亲，周凤的一生充满传奇色彩。她出生在公平镇下辖小村的普通农家，从小就深谙穷人之艰辛，所以当她生下彭湃后，总是教育儿子不要看不起农民，在孩子幼小的心田上播种下一颗善良的种子。周凤故居已无人居住，仅存一栋外墙发黑的平房。推开大门，内里是个窄小的庭院，在正屋的两侧，缀着两间耳房。三间屋子内都空空荡荡，只有正屋的墙上挂着周凤的画像——那个穿着黑棉袄的老奶奶，正慈祥地微笑着。那间屋子并没有展示出你预期的戏剧性——当主人已离开后，它只是一个空壳。屋子周围环绕着竹林和榕树，十分安静。从远处传来几声狗吠，显得格外响亮。这是岭南最普通的一个小村。谁能想到，从这里嫁出去的那个女子，会养育出那样的一个儿子；而那个儿子，曾以一把烈火烧掉田契，以惊世骇俗的姿态被写进人类发展史。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====陈思阳 Chen Siyang====<br /> <br /> <br /> 穿过镇中心，你来到了白山村。一股清新怡人的气息铺面而来——四周铺展着大片大片的田野，彰显着浓烈的黄绿色。由于地处边远，交通不便，生产方式迥异，乡村世界构筑起了一个完整而封闭的农业族群。村里人的生活与城里人完全不同——他们一直保留着一种古老的传统，维持着一种神秘的平衡。据白山村扶贫队长、第一书记陈路波介绍：白山村有近3000人，共489户，而其中，因先天残疾、后天患病、没有劳动能力等各类原因，致使88户被核定为贫困户，共313人。在这里的扶贫工作队队员，来自深圳龙岗区坪地街道办事处、龙岗区安监局。当扶贫干部来到村里后，先是走进贫困户的家中，和人们促膝谈心，摸清他们致贫的原因，再进行精准扶贫、结对帮扶。<br /> <br /> When you go through the center of town and come to the Baishan village. A fresh and pleasant smell came to your face--spread out around the vast expanse of fields which showed a strong yellow-green color. Because of its remote location, inconvenient transportation and different modes of production, the rural world has built up a complete and closed agricultural ethnic group. Life in the village is quite different from that in the city-they have always retained an ancient tradition, maintaining a mysterious balance. According to Chen Lubo, leader and first secretary of Baishan Village Poverty Alleviation Team: Baishan Village has nearly 3000 people, a total of 489 households, among which 88 households have been verified as poor households, a total of 313 people due to congenital disability, acquired illness, lack of labor capacity and other reasons. Members of the poverty alleviation team here come from Shenzhen Longgang District Pingdi Sub-district Office and Longgang District Work Safety Supervision Bureau. When poverty alleviation cadres come to the village, they first walk into the homes of poor households, talk with people, find out the causes of their poverty, and then carry out precise poverty alleviation and help them in pairs.<br /> <br /> ====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====<br /> <br /> <br /> 扶贫干部将所有无劳动能力的贫困户人口纳入社会保障，全部实现政策性保障兜底脱贫；而对那些有劳动能力的贫困户，则激发起他们的内在动力，鼓励他们发挥革命老区艰苦奋斗的精神，通过种地、打工或其他方式努力脱贫，不能万事都倚靠政府。<br /> <br /> Poverty alleviation officials have included all the poor households with no ability to work in the social security system, and all of them achieved poverty alleviation with policy-based guarantees. For those poor households who are able to work, it will stimulate their inner motivation and encourage them to use the spirit of hard work in old revolutionary base areas to lift themselves out of poverty through farming, part-time jobs, or other ways, rather than just relying on the government.<br /> <br /> 陈路波书记介绍说，在工作队到来之前，白山村的很多村民都是用瓦缸盛水的，而现在，每一户村民的家里都通上了自来水。你才了解，原来不仅在白山村，甚至整个海丰县城，自然村集中供水覆盖率已达到99.66%, 其中，37个省定贫困村内20户以上的所有自然村18个已实现集中供水覆盖；同时，县里还对卫生站的建设也十分重视。海丰县除了7个空壳村无需建设卫生站外，其余196个村的卫生站中，完成建设并投入使用的有73间，全面完成建设的有114间，完成主体建设的有9间。<br /> <br /> Secretary Chen Lubo said that before the work team arrived, many villagers in Baishan Village used tile tanks to hold water; but now, every villager's home is connected to tap water. We could just realize that not only in Baishan Village but even the whole city of Haifeng County, the centralized water supply coverage rate of natural villages has also reached 99.66%, among which, 18 of all natural villages with more than 20 households in 37 provincial designated poor villages have realized centralized water supply coverage. At the same time, the county also attaches great importance to the construction of health stations. In addition to the 7 empty villages in Haifeng County, among the remaining 196 villages, 73 health stations have been completed and put into use, 114 have been fully completed, and 9 have completed main construction.<br /> <br /> ====丁粤 Ding Yue====<br /> <br /> <br /> 事实上，能喝到纯净的水和能及时就医，对村民是非常重要的。根据2008年世界卫生组织和联合国儿童基金会的数据，约13%的世界人口缺乏改进的水源（通常指自来水和水井），而约1/4的人口没有可用的安全饮用水，其中有很多都是穷人。专家们一致认为，家用自来水和卫生设施会给健康带来很大影响，它可以让婴儿的死亡率大大降低，且能使同期死亡率总体减少近一半。虽然改善水资源是一个非常日常的问题，但也是启动了长期社会变革的一次机会——当人们可以健康地生活时，便会大大减少坠入“疾病陷阱”的可能性，籍此而启动一种良性循环。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====付静 Fu Jing====<br /> <br /> <br /> 村里有条名叫“大浦洋”的村道，原本是条坑坑洼洼的泥土路，而现在，已被修整成一条平坦的水泥路。陈路波书记说，经过村道硬底化建设工程后，村民们再也不用担心下雨时会弄脏鞋袜。现在，你看到了白山村公共服务中心——精准扶贫基建项目——那是一栋姜黄色的三层小楼，有着棕红色屋顶。这栋楼房也已成为村里的标志性建筑。站在服务中心门前，只见一条条柏油路辐射开来，向着村子的各处延伸而去。以前，村里的夜晚是漆黑漆黑的，而现在，当一排排路灯竖立起来后，整个夜晚都变得亮堂起来。当路灯照耀着服务中心对面的篮球场时，那个空间显得格外阔气——湖蓝色的地面配上紫色的篮球架，衬托出白色篮板的秀美。白天时，来这里打球的年轻人很多；而在篮球场旁的那些运动器械上，总能看到老人家们在忙着转动腰肢。以前,村民们喜欢在晚饭后打麻将或喝酒，而现在，人们都忙着锻炼身体。<br /> <br /> <br /> There is a country road called &quot;Dapuyang&quot; in the village, which was originally a bumpy dirt road, but now it has been improved into a smooth concrete road. Secretary Chen Lubo said that after the construction project of hard-bottomed roads, villagers would no longer have to worry about dirty shoes and socks in rainy days. Now, in front of you is the Public Service Center of Baishan Village as well as the Targeted Poverty Alleviation Infrastructure Project, which is a ginger three-story building with a brown-red roof. The building has also become a landmark in the village. In front of the service center, a series of asphalt roads radiate away, extending to all parts of the village. The village was dark at night before, but now, when rows of street lamps have been erected, the village becomes bright at night. When the street lights shine on the basketball court opposite to the service center, the space looks particularly wide-the aqua blue floor with purple basketball stands setting off the beauty of white rebounds. During the day, many young people come here to play basketball; On the sports equipment beside the basketball court, you can always see old people busy turning their waists. In the past, villagers liked to play mahjong or drink wine after dinner, but now people are busy exercising.<br /> <br /> ====高燕 Gao Yan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 张淑尔的家也是一栋独立的新砖房。站在门口的她，正在向你挥手。虽然你只是个偶尔到访的客人，但她却依旧热情四溢。35岁的她有着一张银盘大脸，眉毛浓黑，睫毛翻翘。除了遮住鼻孔、嘴唇和下巴的口罩外，她的面部看着十分标致动人。她的体型微胖，在黑色T恤衫外套了件粉红色毛衣开衫，下身穿着条牛仔裤。她的屋子是新建的，所以外墙的瓷砖显得格外簇新。进入屋内，你大吃一惊，像是进入到一个英国贵族家庭——纯白色的欧式家具，姜黄色的丝绸窗帘，大彩电和大冰箱，开放式厨房，整洁的卫生间……显然，这个家的主人更青睐西式家俬，更强调现代品位，和此前所见的大部分家庭都不一样。她有三个孩子，分别是6岁、8岁和10岁，在读小学一年级、三年级和四年级。那个摆在鞋柜上的头盔，便是母亲骑摩托车去接孩子上下学时用的。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Zhang Shuer's home is also an independent new brick house. Standing at the door, she is waving to you Although you are only an occasional guest, you are still warmly welcome. The 35-year-old has a big face, thick black eyebrows and curled eyelashes. although the mask covered her nostrils, lips and chin, her face still looked beautiful She was a little chubby, wearing a pink cardigan over a black T-shirt and jeans. Her house was new, so the tiles on the outside looked fresh. As entering the house, you were surprised, like entering a United Kingdom aristocratic family-pure white European furniture, ginger silk curtains, big color TV and big refrigerator, open kitchen, clean bathroom. Obviously, the owner of this home prefers Western furniture and modern taste, which is different from most families we have seen before. She has three children, with the ages of 6, 8 and 10, in first, third and fourth grades of primary school respectively. The helmet on the shoe ark, is used by the mother when she rode a motorcycle to pick up the children to and from school.<br /> <br /> ====关娜 Guan Na==== <br /> <br /> <br /> 当年，她从隔壁村嫁到白山村后，和丈夫相亲相爱，日子过得欣欣向荣。丈夫郑建生常年在外地打工，家里的事全靠女主人打理——那两亩地虽然每年只能收入2000元，可她却舍不得荒掉；再加上照顾孩子们的日常生活和学习，她每天都忙得团团转。丈夫会裁剪，原来在镇上的服装厂打工，每月可挣个3000多元。但是，这几年服装行业整体衰落，他便到广州去打工。虽然工资比原来多了点，但回家的次数却越来越少——有时半年回来一次，有时只能春节时回来一次。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 谁能想到，一场突如其来的巨变陡然降临到这个家。2015年，正在炒菜的女主人被泄露的煤气所伤，不得不住院治疗。大火将她烧得简直面目全非——双手完全变形，手背上布满大小深坑，整个面部全然发焦。在住院的一个多月时间里，她做了面部、手部和大腿的植皮手术。之后，她的手掌因萎缩而变小，表皮发白，指缝间粘连，活动起来很不自由；她的下巴处变得皱巴巴，像火山熔岩的碎片拼贴起来。如果她没有戴口罩，那么她的脸便由鼻梁处开始分界——上半部让人看着欣喜，下半部让人看着惊骇。所以，如果要出门或者见客，她总会把口罩戴上。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====<br /> <br /> <br /> 那场突如其来的事故让这个家庭耗费了30多万元——因为有些进口药不能报销，所以有7成的医药费是自己付的。听说她发生的不幸之事，很多朋友通过微信里的朋友圈为她募捐，令她大<br /> 为感动。现在，当她说起这些往事时，眉眼间带着微笑，语调相当轻松。她有一双非常迷人的眼睛，闪着宝石般的晶光，令你不得不聚精会神地聆听下去。当她试图要强调某个地方时，会在那里稍微停顿一下。然而，她却并没有让自己陷入哽咽境地。没有。她很快便从悲伤的叙述中解脱了出来。<br /> <br /> The sudden accident cost the family more than 300,000 yuan -- 70 percent of which they had to pay for themselves, as some imported medicines were not reimbursed. Heard that she has unfortunate things, a lot of friends through the wechat helped her to fundraising and she deeply moved. Now, when she talks about these memories, she would smile and talks in a relaxed tone. She has a pair of charming eyes, shining like jewels which enabling you to listen intently to her . When she tries to emphasize something, she would pauses but not to choke her up. She soon extricated herself from the sad narrative.<br /> <br /> ====胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 得病后，张淑尔不仅被肉身的疼痛所侵袭，精神上也遭遇了巨大打击——眼瞅着三个孩子都要上学，可生活费怎么办？正当她陷入愁苦之地时，一项政策令她欣喜无比——通过对贫困户的助学补助，每个上小学的孩子每年能获得3000元生活补助。她掰着指头算了算：有了这一年9000元的补助，便能解决孩子们的吃饭、穿衣、买学习用品等问题，实在是雪中送炭。事实上，助学补助可以让家长们摆脱极度贫困的状态，拓宽他们的思想空间，让他们拥有更长远的人生观——教育必须现在就投入。培养下一代，让他们身心健康且受过良好的教育，无论是从短期还是长期的角度看，都非常有助于消除贫穷。童年时期在营养上的少量投入，对孩子在以后的成长会产生很大影响。现在，当这位母亲能为孩子购买牛奶、鸡蛋、肉类及蔬菜时，她便能让孩子在童年时就吸收到充足营养，这样不仅会减少他们患病的概率，且能拥有健康的体魄。当这些孩子长大成年后，能够挣到更多的钱，能够带动这个家庭走出“贫穷陷阱”，防止贫穷的代际传播。一项针对美国南部及几个拉丁美洲国家抗疟活动的研究表明，与患过疟疾的儿童相比，未患过疟疾的儿童长大后每年的收入要多50%。<br /> <br /> After the illness, Zhang Shuer was not only attacked by physical pain， but also suffered a great blow mentally--seeing that all three children had to go to school, what about the cost of living? When she was in a land of sorrow, she was overjoyed by a policy that through student aid to poor families, each child who went to primary school could receive a living allowance of 3000 yuan a year. She calculated that with a subsidy of 9000 yuan this year, she would be able to solve the children's problems of eating, dressing, and buying school supplies. In fact, student subsidies can lift parents out of extreme poverty, broaden their thinking space and give them a longer-term outlook on life-education must be invested now. Nurturing the next generation so that they are physically and mentally healthy and well educated, both in the short term and in the long term, is very helpful in eradicating poverty. A small amount of investment in nutrition in childhood will have a great impact on children's growth in the future. Now, when the mother can buy milk, eggs, meat, and vegetables for her child, she can let her child absorb adequate nutrients in childhood, which will not only reduce their risk of illness, but also have a healthy body. When these children grow up, they will be able to earn more money, which can lead the family out of the &quot;poverty trap&quot; and prevent the intergenerational spread of poverty. A study of anti-malaria activities in the southern United States and several Latin American countries shows that children who do not have malaria earn 50% more a year when they grow up than those who have.<br /> <br /> ====任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====<br /> <br /> <br /> 除了助学补助外，张淑尔还有残疾补助——每月300多元；她家还申请了低保——每月1000多元。有了这些补助托底，加上地里的收入和丈夫的打工收入，这个家已经像加了油的发动机，开始轰隆隆地转了起来。这栋新房子是2018年盖起来的，花费的20多万中有一半的钱是借来的，而国家补助的4万元简直是雪中送炭。“老房子是瓦房，总是滴滴答答地漏水，里面又暗又潮。”现在，张淑尔每天骑摩托车接送孩子们去上学。当她的手抓住车把时，总显得颤颤巍巍。可是，她是母亲啊！一咬牙，她浑身都充满了地母般的力量，就那样把摩托车开了出去！现在，当她做任何一件事时，都需要付出比一般人多几倍的努力才能达到。然而，她却不愿等、靠、要，而愿意努力地去干活。当她拿出手机展示孩子们的照片时，眼神璀璨得像黑丝绒上的宝石。经历了那样一场大劫难，可在她的身上，一点都没有看破红尘、茫然若失、怨恨诅咒，反而充满了诚挚和热情。现在，她以无比的耐心和耐力，平静地接受着命运给予她的不公。不，她并不想把生活变成嚎啕的哭墙，而想把它变成旋转的舞台。<br /> <br /> Apart from education subsidies, Zhang Shu’er has been offered disability subsidies with 300-plus yuan per month; She also applied for the subsistence allowances with more than 1000 yuan every month. Thanks to these subsidies, together with farmland gains and her husband’s income as a laborer, the family got to rumble just like a fueling engineer. The new house built in 2018, cost over 200,000 yuan, half of which was borrowed from someone else.Under such a situation, the national grants of 40,000 yuan are literally timely assistance. In the past, she lived in a tile-roofed house which was always dripping by a pitapat. It was dark and damp inside. But now, Zhang Shu’er picks up her children for school by motorbike every day. She always seemingly trembles as she grabs the handlebar. Yet, she is a mother! On gritting her teeth, she is full of strength all over her body so that makes the motorbike move forward. Now, no matter what things she does, she needs to pay several times more efforts to achieve it than ordinary people. However, she is unwilling to wait, depend on others, and get something from others , but willing to work hard. When she pulled out her phone to show pictures of her children, her eyes shone like jewels on the black velvet. Despite such a great disaster experience, in her body, we did not find any trace of seeing through the emptiness of the material world, losing herself in a reverie, resentment and curse, but full of sincere and enthusiasm. Now, with great patience and endurance, she calmly accepted the injustice that fate had given her. No, she didn't want life to be a wailing wall, but a spinning stage.<br /> <br /> ====黄舒威 Huang Shuwei====<br /> <br /> <br /> 当你来到这栋簇新的砖房门前时，根本不能相信这是贫困户的家。这栋屋子的外墙上嵌着瓷砖，敦实地扎在地面上，显得簇新至极。48岁的张炳辉是这栋屋子的男主人。这是个身量适中的男子，皮肤黝黑，脸庞秀气，目光沉静。虽然他的前额上已有了些皱纹，且发际线很高，但看起来他还是很年轻，皮肤既没有粗糙松弛，也没有严重下垂——这应和他长期从事体力劳动有关。若单看他的服饰，你会觉得他和你目光所及的别人没什么差别——黑白相间的T恤外是黑夹克衫，下身是黑长裤，然而，他却赤脚穿着双拖鞋。十年前，你刚到岭南时，看到有人在冬日赤脚穿拖鞋总感觉浑身不自在，而现在，你早已适应与习惯了岭南人的这种装束。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 显然，他是个有条有理的人，因为他的家收拾得实在是利落至极——不止是砖房外镶嵌着瓷砖，在客厅的内部也铺了地砖，而木质的沙发和茶几擦拭得干干净净，厨房里的锅碗瓢盆，摆放得整整齐齐。在屋外的篱笆里，他还养了四五只鸡，各个毛发艳丽，气宇轩昂。站在门口朝外看去，侧旁的那栋破旧泥土屋便显得格外扎眼——那屋子又矮又黑，简直像一触即碎、岌岌可危。而那栋屋子，就是他曾经的老屋。你知道海丰毗邻南海，经常会遭到超强台风的袭击。若长久地居住在这样的老房中，是非常危险的事情——暴雨狂泻会引发内涝，让堤坝决口；河水会淹没农田，也会冲倒农舍。而热带的暴雨和西北的毛毛雨完全不同——那雨根本不是一条条线垂直落下，而是一堆堆钢珠一股脑泼洒而下。这样的雨不会因为云团的离开而停止，因为这里已凝聚了太多的湿气，需咆哮许久才能释放完。粗暴的台风会将行人吹走，树木吹倒，屋宇吹塌。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====<br /> <br /> <br /> 张炳辉实在想盖栋新房子，这念头在他脑海里存在了不止一两年，可他总是困于手上现钱太少而放弃。2018年，趁着国家有危房改造的补助，他咬着牙建起了这栋新房。总投资20多万的费用里，除自己的多年积蓄外，他还问亲友们借了点钱，再加上国家补助的4万元，最终将这栋簇新屋宇建造起来。对农民而言，盖起一栋房子不仅仅是立起了一栋四方形建筑物，而且还塑造了一个有形的家——新房子不仅看起来赏心悦目，还是一种自信和实力的表现。现在，这家人住在这栋整洁的屋子里——客厅里摆着电视和冰箱，厨房里有自来水，卫生间可淋浴——和城市的楼房并无二般。住进这样的房子后，人们会自觉地保持屋子的整洁，而且还提升了自信心。有自来水的厨房和可以淋浴的卫生间，让农民的生活更加卫生，减少了疾病产生的可能性。孩子们若在这样的居住环境中长大，便能拥有更好的生活。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====李鸿 Li Hong====<br /> <br /> <br /> 张炳辉说起话来时，语调沉稳而缓慢。他有三个孩子——大女儿已中专毕业，二女儿还在读大学，而小儿子在读中专。现在，他正处于人到中年的尴尬阶段——孩子们都未能独立，而他和老婆的身体又一天天在走下坡路。家里的两大开支明晃晃地摆在那里——除了日常的生活费，还有孩子们的学费。而他和妻子辛苦一年的收入，在交付完这些费用后，也便所剩无几。显然，令整个家致贫的原因并非男主人不聪明、不勤奋、不努力。他感慨道：“现在种地实在不容易！人口多，耕地少，又缺水！”1984年，村里进行联产承包责任制时，他家只分得了4亩多地。后来，家里的人越来越多，兄弟们便只好再次分地。最终，他只分得了一亩多地，而且水田少，旱地多。因为缺水，以前一年可种两季稻，现在只能种一季。他和妻子在地里忙碌一年，收入甚微，但若彻底放弃，又总觉不甘心——地是农民的根本之所在；离了地，好像人没有了灵魂。然而，种地的收入又入不敷出，故而地变成了鸡肋，食之无味，弃之可惜。<br /> <br /> <br /> When Zhang Binghui spoke, his tone was steady and slow. He had three children—the eldest daughter had graduated from technical secondary school, the second daughter was still in college, and the youngest son was in technical secondary school. Now, he was confronted with the awkward stage of middle age—the children were unable to be independent, while the parents’ health was getting worse and worse. The two major expenses of the family were obvious—the daily living expenses and the children’s tuition fees. Though they worked hard all year long, there was still nothing much left after paying these fees. Obviously, the reason that made the whole family poor was not that the man was not smart, hardworking, or diligent enough. He sighed: “It is not easy to be a farmer now! There was a large population with relatively little land with water shortage existed!” In 1984, when the village carried out the household contract responsibility system, his family only got about 4 mu of land (mu: a unit of area=0.0667 hectares). Later, the number of people in the family grew, so the brothers had to divide the land again. In the end, he only got about one mu of land, with less paddy lands and more dry lands. Because of the lack of water, they used to be able to grow rice twice a year, but now they could only grow one. He and his wife had been busy in the field for a year; still their income was very little. But they feel reluctant to give up farming—the land was the root of farmers, without the land, it was as if people have no soul. However, the income from farming could not make ends meet, so the land became some kind of “chicken ribs”: tasteless but wasteful to discard.<br /> <br /> ====李佳珺 Li Jiajun====<br /> <br /> <br /> 在地里再怎么捯饬，都不可能折腾出更多的钱来，可家里的开销却一样都减不了。为补贴家用，他便到镇上的服装厂去打工。他干的是车工，工资以计件来计算——活多的时候，他一个月能挣上个两三千，而但活少的时候，就一分也没得挣。老婆除了料理家务和照顾孩子外，还利用空闲去厂里做杂工，干些剪线头之类的活计，能挣一点是一点。在服装厂已打了20多年的工，他完全算得上是个熟练工。如果公平镇的服装产业能一直延续上世纪80年代的红火，他家的日子也不会一下子落入窘境。这几年，服装市场整体不景气，外单订货量大幅减少，这些和国内原材料成本上涨，劳动力成本优势减弱等都有关系。没有订单，工厂就不开工；工厂不开工，工人就没钱赚。现在，失业后的张炳辉处境尴尬——这个时候想转行，实在是困难！应该学点什么呢？让他把在服装厂学到的技能忘得一干二净，再去学别的技能，并不是一件容易的事；可是，若让他去建筑工地之类的地方干活，他已不再年轻，无法和别人拼体力。如今，这对夫妻即便胼手抵足地忙碌，日子还是紧巴巴。<br /> <br /> No matter what he did on the farmland, he could not be able to earn more money. However, the household expense couldn’t be cut down neither. In order to make more money, he went to work at the clothing factory in the town. He was a lathe worker, and his salary was calculated on a piecework basis. In the peak season, he could make two or three thousand yuan per month, while in the slack season he could make no money. In addition to taking care of the household chores and the children, the wife also had to do the part-time job in the factory as a handyman, doing some work such as trimming thread ends, to earn as much as she could. Working in the clothing factory for more than 20 years, he was totally qualified as a skilled worker. If the clothing industry in Gongping Town could continue its prosperity in the 1980s, his family would never fall into this predicament. In recent years, the whole clothing market is in the low season, and the order quantity had slumped. All of these were related to the increase of domestic raw material prices and the decrease of labor cost advantage, etc. Without orders, the factories wouldn’t open, thus, the workers wouldn’t make any money. Now, unemployed, Zhang Binghui is in an awkward situation —— it is so hard to switch to another job! What should he learn? It’s not easy for him to forget all the skills he learnt from the clothing factory and learn other new working skills. However, if you ask him to work at the construction site, he was no younger anymore and can’t compete with others on strength. Although the couple work really hard, they are still struggling for life.<br /> <br /> ====李可依 Li Keyi====<br /> <br /> <br /> 然而，办法总比困难多！2016年之后，原本陷入忧郁的张炳辉，一下子变得开朗起来：“种地！种地！种地！”原来，在国家的扶贫政策中，有一项是“以奖代补”——贫困户无论是种地或打工，在年底都会按比例进行奖励。开始，他在心里还有些犯嘀咕——真的会奖励吗？扶贫工作队给贫困户免费发放袁隆平培育的杂交水稻品种，且发动贫困户连片种植超级水稻，。在种植前，扶贫工作队还对贫困户进行专门的技术培训。2017年，当张炳辉领到4000元的补助后，心里暖洋洋的，浑身舒坦！自己的地自己种，种了后收成是自己的，国家还能补助这么多钱，这是多么好的事！于是，他和妻子商量着来年要多种一点地，妻子忙不迭地点头同意。到2018年年底时，他领到了7000元的补助。对这个家来说，这些补助真是春风化雨，来到正是时候。此刻，是这对夫妻最为艰难的时段——若再熬几年，孩子们毕业后都工作了，他家的日子便会真正地好起来。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====<br /> <br /> <br /> 陈路波书记说：“村里有不少像张炳辉这样积极就业的贫困户。从2016年到2019年，村里发放的“以奖代补”奖金有100多万元，这对贫困户来说是实实在在的帮助。”他还说：“针对白山村村集体经济较为薄弱的状况，龙岗区财政注资200万元，入股建设海龙投资大厦项目，以确保村集体每年不低于10万元的分红；此外，还将66户有劳动能力的贫困户组织起来，每户投资2万元，入股海丰县的红色旅游项目，每户每年可分红1400元；又投入20万元，委托镇政府统筹公平镇的产业扶贫项目，每年不低于8%的收益分红。”为了推动传统农业由粗放型向集约型转变，扶贫工作队还帮助村里成立了合作社，筹集资金购买了一台耙田机、一台挖掘机，并将村民生产的优质农产品销往深圳等地，让村民增加收入。<br /> <br /> Secretary Chen Lubo said: &quot;There are many poverty-stricken households who are actively employed like Zhang Binghui in the village. From 2016 to 2019, the village has paid more than 1 million yuan in the&quot; reward for compensation &quot;bonus, which is a real help to the poverty-stricken households.&quot; He also said: &quot;In view of the weak collective economy of Baishan Village, the financial department of Longgang District has invested 2 million yuan in the construction of Hailong Investment Building Project to ensure that the village collective receives no less than 100,000 yuan of dividends annually. In addition, 66 poor households with labor ability have been organized, with 20,000 yuan invested by each household in the Red Tourism Project of Haifeng County, and each household can receive 1,400 yuan of dividends annually. Another investment of 200,000 yuan entrusted the town government to coordinate the town's industrial poverty alleviation projects, no less than 8% of the annual profit will be distributed. &quot; In order to promote the transformation of traditional agriculture from extensive to intensive, the poverty relief team also helped the village establish cooperatives, raised funds to buy a harrow machine and a excavator, and sold high-quality agricultural products produced by the villagers to Shenzhen and other places, so that the villagers can increase their income.<br /> <br /> ====李心田 Li Xintian====<br /> <br /> <br /> 长日将尽，暮色四合。离开白山村后，车子又驶出了公平镇。乡村小道旁的低矮山峦，渐渐地隐退到车窗后面，只剩下一道道蓝紫色的轮廓。你的眼前消失了平缓的田野，也消失窄窄的乡道、戴草帽的农人、亮着灯的屋舍。当你离开这些景色时，好像离开了一片古老的大地。你突然意识到，你那样喜欢乡村生活，原因是因为你长久地居住在城市中。事实上，出现在你眼里的乡村，是和城市进行比对后的乡村，而这种景致在农民眼里，会呈现出另一种意义。对农民来说。乡村不仅代表家园、家族和根系，还代表缓慢、滞重和禁锢。为了能获得丰收，他们便不得不适应各种约束，所以，他们比你更了解孤寂与单调的滋味。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====李彦 Li Yan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 在穿过了一片又一片的幽黑地带后，前方出现了密集的灯光——县城到了！夜幕下的海丰城像个大集市，到处都闪烁着霓虹灯，涌动着喧嚣的车流，拥挤着熙攘的人群。忙碌了一天，人们在大排档喝碗麻鱼粥后再归家。虽然已是12月底，但习习的夜风却显得格外舒爽。你思忖——城市代表着人类文明最复杂、最精纯的面貌。在如此之小的面积上，却集中了如此之多的人口，令城市像一个热烘烘的大熔炉。城市如此广袤，任何人都可在这里过上隐姓埋名的生活，而不为邻居所知。对城市人来说，每个人都是单独的个体，都局限在自己的家庭和职业中，而不与周围的环境发生密切联系。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====李梓玉 Li Ziyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 与此相反，每一个村庄都貌似一个单独的小宇宙，但生活其中的人们却紧密地相互勾连着。人们在乡村的生活虽然缓慢，但古老的传统并没有完全解体，依旧存在着强大的影响。在乡村，人们彼此看着长大，知根知底。任何一个陌生人的到来，都会被村民即刻辨认出来。春耕、夏耘、秋收、冬藏——村庄的时间谱系和城市完全不同。村庄的时间要聆听天空和泥土的讯息，而城市的时间，却被路灯和空调所掌握。村庄里的万事万物——农舍、庄稼、祠堂和各种礼仪，都经过了许多世纪的演化，已达到了某种完美而和谐的境地；而城市还像个少年，处于正在发育的阶段。村庄的表面看起来像一个迷宫，但内部却有着清晰的规则，就像那些铺展在大地上的农田，虽然每一片的结构都各不相同，但许多块田地拼凑在一起，却能形成一件完美的百纳衣。<br /> <br /> <br /> == Part 30 ==<br /> <br /> ====梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 大化村<br /> <br /> 赤坑镇位于县城的东南部，此镇名字的由来源于大革命时期，这里是赤卫队活动的中心。为纪念赤卫队对人民的赤胆忠心，故而将这里定名为“赤坑镇”。你要到达的大化村，是汕尾供电局对口扶贫的一个村。你发现乡间小路上车辆甚少，而在每一条小路之后都有另一条小路等待着，这些路看上去并没什么差别。窗外的景色是岭南的隆冬，却更像西北的初秋。树木好像在奔跑，而草丛在阳光的炙烤下，呈现出一片黄红色。每隔一段时间，就会有一座村庄豁然出现，展示出一幅岭南乡村水墨画——低矮的农舍，小块的农田，蜿蜒的河流，戴草帽的农人。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 你终于来到了大化村。驻村队长、第一书记张立业是个身量适中、五官分明的中年男子，鼻梁上架着眼镜，脸上浮现着温和的笑容。原本，他是名供电局的干部，如今，却被村民们亲切地称为“草帽书记”。当你跟着他行走在村子内部时，看到这里田野舒朗，树木苍翠，巷道干净，广场开阔，一排排路灯像士兵般伫立。张书记笑着说：“村里以前可不是这个模样。”据他介绍，大化村是广东省的省定贫困村，不仅位置偏远，且基础设施落后。扶贫工作队先后筹集资金95万元，不仅修建了交通水利等基础设施，解决了河溪沟渠淤积堵塞、臭不可闻、时常泛滥的问题，还完成了村内雨污分流的问题，又对村前人行道进行了改造，并对村外立面进行了粉刷，拆除了老旧电线杆，改造了62盏路灯，安装了太阳能路灯22枚，这才让整个村庄的面貌焕然一新。工作队还协助发动乡绅乡贤捐款，筹集资金近140万，完成了中山文化广场的建设。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====刘丛领 Liu Congling====<br /> <br /> <br /> 大化村共有700多户，其中的103户为贫困户，而有劳动能力的贫困户有71户。从2016年至2019年，扶贫工作队为村里筹集各项资金约750万元，大大推动了村里的经济发展。三年内，扶贫工作队共申请政府危房改造补助资金120多万元，完成危房改造40户；2018年获得大病救助贫困户人员34人，获得医保报销资金100多万。截至2018年，贫困户人均可支配收入达9500多元，基本解决了“两不愁三保障”及饮水安全问题。到2019年年底，所有的贫困户已全部脱贫。<br /> 以前的大化村不仅经济力量薄弱，且产业结构单一——蔬菜种植和家禽养殖处于零星状态，而水稻农田则抛荒很多，基本没什么像样的产业。现在，村里的经济呈现出“百花齐放、满园争妍”的状态。扶贫工作队因地制宜打造“一村一品”，促成了海丰勤致合作社、智慧农场、礼扬腐竹生产基地投资、袁隆平水稻等40多个项目的诞生。自2016年以来，扶贫工作队先后为贫困户购买袁隆平杂交水稻种子，共免费发放稻种2000多斤；通过与专业农业公司达成协议，为农户提供技术指导培训，拓宽村民“稳粮增收”的渠道；引导村民种植甜瓜、番茄等经济作物，协助农户饲养、销售特色产品，譬如走地鸡、散养黑猪等，激发农户的内生动力。<br /> Of the 700 households in Dahua village, 103 are poverty-stricken families and 71 are able to work. From 2016 to 2019, the poverty alleviation team raised about 7.5 million yuan in various funds for the village, which greatly promoted the village's economic development. Within three years, the task force applied for more than 1.2 million yuan of government subsidies to renovate 40 dilapidated houses.<br /> In 2018, 34 people from poor households received assistance for serious diseases, and more than 1 million yuan was reimbursed by medical insurance. By 2018, the per capita disposable income of poor households had reached more than 9,500 yuan, which basically ensure that rural poor people have no worry about food and clothing and have access to compulsory education, basic medical services, and safe housing. and drinking water safety. By the end of 2019, all poor households had been lifted out of poverty. In the past, Dahua Village was not only economically weak, but only had a single industrial structure -- vegetable farming and poultry farming were sporadic, rice fields were abandoned and there were few decent industries. Now, the economy of the village is in full bloom. The poverty alleviation team has built &quot;one village, one product&quot; according to local conditions, which has contributed to the birth of more than 40 projects such as Haifeng Qin Zhi Cooperative, Smart Farm, Liyang Fu Bamboo Production Base investment, and Yuan Longping Rice. Since 2016, the poverty alleviation task force has purchased Yuan Longping hybrid rice seeds for poor households and distributed over 2,000 jin of rice seeds free of charge. Through agreements with specialized agricultural companies to provide technical guidance and training for farmers, the task force managed to broaden the channels for villagers to &quot;stabilize grain and increase income&quot; and guide villagers to plant cash crops such as melon and tomato, and assist farmers to raise and sell local products, such as free-range chicken and free-range black swines, so as to stimulate farmers' inner motivation.<br /> <br /> Correction:Of the 700 households in Dahua village, 103 were poverty-stricken families, and only 71 poverty-stricken families were able to work. From 2016 to 2019, the poverty alleviation team raised about 7.5 million yuan in various funds for the village, which greatly promoted the village's economic development. Within three years, the task force applied for more than 1.2 million yuan of government subsidies to renovate 40 dilapidated houses. In 2018, 34 people from poor households received assistance for serious diseases, and more than 1 million yuan was reimbursed by medical insurance. By 2018, the per capita disposable income of poor households reached more than 9,500 yuan, which basically ensured that rural poor people had no worry about food and clothing and had access to compulsory education, basic medical services, and safe housing and drinking water safety. By the end of 2019, all poor households had been lifted out of poverty. In the past, Dahua Village not only was economically weak, but also had a single industrial structure -- vegetable farming and poultry farming were sporadic, rice fields were abandoned and there were few decent industries. Now, the economy of the village is in full bloom. The poverty alleviation team has built “one village, one product” according to local conditions, which has contributed to the birth of more than 40 projects such as Haifeng Qinzhi Cooperative, Smart Farm, Liyang Dried Beancurd Sticks Production Base investment, and Yuan Longping Rice. Since 2016, the poverty alleviation task force has purchased Yuan Longping hybrid rice seeds for poor households and distributed over 2,000 jin of rice seeds free of charge. Through agreements with specialized agricultural companies to provide technical guidance and training for farmers, the task force broadens the channels for villagers to &quot;stabilize grain and increase income&quot; and guides villagers to plant cash crops such as melon and tomato, and assists farmers to raise and sell local products, such as free-range chicken and free-range black swine, so as to stimulate farmers' inner motivation.<br /> <br /> ====刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 在主干道旁岔出了条沙石小路，路旁挺立着一棵硕大的榕树，树干繁密遒劲，树叶浑圆招摇。树旁的那栋姜黄色小楼，看着十分簇新，为乡野景致增添了几分现代气息。那熠熠闪光的牌匾——“海丰县勤致种养专业合作社”——是2019年11月挂起来的。看到“合作社”三字，你变得兴致盎然。这个词你并不陌生——早在上世纪80年代，你就已经知道了它。现在，它又回来了！曾经的合作社是农民的一条阳光大道；如今，它的内涵已发生了变化——它不再是旧事物，而成为新模式。过去的合作社是计划经济体制下的集体经济，如今的合作社，是社会主义市场经济体制下的个体经济。现在，合作社像连心桥而不是独木桥，把一盘散沙的农民们组织起来，让大家抱团取暖，协作发展，而不是等、靠、要。<br /> A sandy path branches off the main road, where there is a huge banyan tree with a thick trunk and beautiful round leaves. The small ginger house near the tree seems newly renovated, which adds a touch of modernity to the rural landscape. The glittering plaque -- “Haifeng County Qinzhi Professional Breeding Cooperative” -- is put up in November 2019. When seeing the word “Cooperative”, you become interested in it. It’s a word you’re familiar with -- you already knew it back in the 1980s. Now, it’s back! The cooperatives were once a sunny avenue for farmers; now its meaning has changed -- it is no longer the old thing, it is the new model. In the past, cooperatives were collective economies under the planned economy system, while cooperatives in today are individual economies under the socialist market economy system. Now, cooperatives are like a connecting bridge of hearts instead of a single-log bridge. They organize farmers in disarray together, so that the farmers can help each other and actively cooperate for development instead of just waiting for, relying on or demanding other’s help.<br /> A sandy path branches off the main road, where there is a huge banyan tree with a thick trunk and beautiful round leaves. The small ginger house near the tree seems newly renovated, which adds a touch of modernity to the rural landscape. That glittering plaque -- “Haifeng County Qinzhi Professional Breeding Cooperative” -- was put up in November 2019. When seeing the word “Cooperative”, you become interested in it. It’s a word you’re familiar with -- you already knew it back in the 1980s. Now, it’s back! The cooperatives were once a sunny avenue for farmers; now its connotation has changed -- it is no longer the old thing, it is the new model. In the past, cooperatives were collective economies under the planned economy system, while in today they are individual economies under the socialist market economy system. Now, cooperatives are like a connecting bridge of hearts instead of a single-log bridge. They organize farmers in disarray together, so that the farmers can help each other and actively cooperate for development instead of just waiting for, relying on or demanding other’s help.<br /> <br /> ====刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====<br /> <br /> <br /> 事实上，这个农业合作社是海丰县708个合作社中的一个。原来，海丰县一直在大力推进现代农业的发展。县里非常重视产业园区建设——县里将发展重点聚焦在优质稻、蔬菜、水果、茶叶、畜禽、水产养殖这六大生产基地，投入资金22804万元打造海丰蔬菜省级现代农业产业园，建成了智慧农业云平台、蔬菜雾化栽培科技园、蔬菜植物工厂等科技含量较高的现代农业设施，促使现代蔬菜生产体系、经营体系逐步完善；海丰县还投入1400万元，推进“一村一品、一镇一业”的发展——组织各镇（场）积极申报镇级特色农业产业，抓好招商引资，优化发展环境，通过龙头企业带动，结合当地优势，形成特色产业带和优势带，着力打造好海丰蔬菜、黄羌金针菜、联安有机米、公平花生、坑口芋头等一批特色品牌；海丰县注重培育发展新型农业经营主体——累计培育了1265家农业龙头企业、农<br /> 民专业合作社、家庭农场等新型农业经营主体，其中农业龙头企业71个，农民专业合作社708个，家庭农场486个。<br /> <br /> As a matter of fact, it is one of 708 cooperatives in Haifeng County. It turns out that it has been making great efforts to develop modern agriculture. The County values the construction of industrial parks mostly—it put the key of development on six production bases of high-quality rice, vegetables, fruits, tea-leaves, livestock and poultry and aquaculture, invested 228.04 billion yuan in Haifeng modern agricultural and industrial park of vegetables in provincial level, and equipped with some modern agricultural facilities, such as smart agricultural cloud platform, science and technology park of vegetable atomization planting, and vegetable plant factory, which prompted modern vegetable production and operation system to be developed gradually. Besides, Haifeng County also put 14 million yuan on the development of “a village with a featured brand and a town with a specialty industry”—organized each town to declare project of featured agriculture and industry in town level with positiveness, seized every chance to attract investments and optimized business environment. Through the drive of leading enterprises and the combination with local advantages, a characteristic industrial belt and an advantageous belt could be formed, aiming to build featured brands of Haifeng vegetables, Huang Qiang day lily, Lian An organic rice, Gong ping peanuts, and Keng Tou sweet potatoes. It also laid emphasis on nurturing and developing new types of agricultural businesses—a total of 1,265 leading enterprises in agriculture, specialized farmer’s cooperatives and home farms had been nurtured, including 71 leading enterprises in agriculture, 708 specialized farmer’s cooperatives and 486 home farms.<br /> <br /> ====刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 推开合作社的大门，一个现代化的展示大厅赫然出现。你在这里看到了村民们种植的各种土特产：水稻、番薯、鸡蛋、腐竹、蜂蜜、线辣椒、走地鸡、狮头鹅等。事实上，农业生产充满了风险——只要某种产品出现过一次滞销，那么，农民一整年的辛苦就会全部白废。如何让农产品既能卖出去，又能卖出个好价钱？扶贫干部们给出的解决方案是——合作社将农户种植的绿色有机农产品进行收购后，再通过加工和包装，在网上销售，省去中间流通环节，让优质的农产品从田间地头直达消费者餐桌，让农民从“丰产不丰收”的魔圈中跳脱出来。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====<br /> <br /> <br /> 你看到合作社门前田地模样很特别——每一块都用田埂分隔成长方形，且竖着大大的牌子。你凑近一看，上面写着“勤致智慧农业A区7号地”，而地里长着叶子油绿的生菜和卷心菜。原来，在这15亩的“智慧农业”项目中，种的都是消费者预定的蔬菜。你想起十多年前，“开心农场”的游戏风靡网络，成为那一代人的记忆。为了体验丰收带来的喜悦，不少玩家还起早贪黑，为菜园浇水、施肥、捉虫，甚至去偷菜。可惜，那种行为只能停留在虚拟世界。2019年11月11日，“智慧农业项目”在大化村正式启动——这是扶贫工作队与阿拉丁智慧创新实验室联合开发的交互平台，最终的目的是实现互联、控制和增收。城里人每月花一两百元就能拥有一块属于自己的菜地，既能让孩子学到农业知识，还能让家人吃上放心的绿色食品!据张立业书记介绍——平台通过集成传感器技术和无线控制技术，彻底实现了“实地实景”“可视可控”等创新效果。线上用户的播种、种菜、收获等全过程都能与线下商家的实际农田劳作相对应，让都市人能瞬间穿越到田园。用户通过手机可远程为农田浇水、施肥、除草、收割，并通过摄像头实时查看果蔬的生长情况。这种做法，还让农民避免了种好的菜没人买的风险，从农业从传统的种植模式中解放出来，让贫困户实现真正的脱贫致富。<br /> <br /> The fields in front of the cooperative are very special - each one is separated by a ridge into a rectangle and a large sign is erected in it. Taking a close look you could see it says “Qinzhi Smart Agriculture A Zone No. 7”, and leafy green lettuce and cabbage are growing in the field. It turns out that all the vegetables in this 15-acres fields of “smart agriculture” project are planted with consumers’ orders. It recalls you that, more than a decade ago the game “Happy Farm” took the internet by storm and became a memory for that generation. In order to experience the joy of harvest, many players get up early and stay up late to water, fertilize and catch insects for the garden, they even steal vegetables from others. Unfortunately, that behavior can only stay in the virtual world. On November 11, 2019, “Smart Agriculture Project” was officially launched in Dahua Village - an interactive platform jointly developed by the Poverty Alleviation Task Force and the Aladdin Smart Innovation Lab, with the ultimate goal of interconnection, control and income generation. People living in city spend about a hundred yuan a month to have a piece of their own vegetable plot, not only to let children learn agricultural knowledge, but also to let the family eat safe and green food! According to Secretary Zhang Liye - through the integration of sensor technology and wireless control technology, the platform thoroughly realized the “field realistic” “visual control” and other innovative effects. The whole process of sowing, planting and harvesting for online users can correspond to the actual farming work of offline businesses, making the people living in city feel like being in the field personally. Users can remotely water, fertilize, weed, harvest and view the growth of fruits and vegetables in real time through the phone. This practice also allow farmers to avoid the risk of having no one to but the vegetables. It frees them from traditional farming model and allows poor households to achieve true poverty alleviation and prosperity.<br /> <br /> ====刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 在那间普通的平房正门上，贴着“吉星高照”——这是孙贤在的家。虽然内里的空间不算大，但墙壁却刷得相当洁白。当上午10点的阳光从小窗投射进来后，整个房间璀璨而明亮。你注意到这间屋子和你在岭南乡村所见的屋子差不多，但就是那墙白得有些异常——好像昨天才刚刚粉刷过。然而，那石灰粉却并不均匀，有的地方深，有的浅。这屋子可谓“麻雀虽小五脏俱全”——客厅里摆放着木质沙发、木质高低床，而木桌上放着电视和电饭煲，墙上则挂着老式日历，房梁上挂着吊扇；卫生间虽然面积很小，但安装有洗手池和淋浴器；厨房的煤气灶上，是一口大锅。除了窗户稍显小之外，这间屋子和城里的楼房大同小异，没什么差别。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====鲁思 Lu Si ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 男主人看起来比实际年龄要年轻得多——虽然皮肤黧黑，但眼睑的轮廓却格外清晰，暗黑的瞳眸里闪闪发亮，嘴唇厚实而有弧度。他梳着三七开的分头，穿着件白色长袖衬衫和黑长裤。虽然在额头、眼角和脸颊处有些许皱纹，但整个面部刮得干干净净。最让你难忘的便是他的眼眸——那是典型的广东人之模样——深深地凹陷下去。虽然你在新疆时见惯了维吾尔族和哈萨克族的模样，但这个男人和这些少数民族的模样又有不同。等他开始讲述时，你听到了一股浓浓的粤味普通话。<br /> 原本，他应和村里人过着相似的生活——侍弄那几亩地，到了年底，将水稻和番薯卖出后可收入6000元左右。然而，这种生活模式却发生了意外。1987年，孙贤在结婚了，但他却没有发现老婆是个脑膜炎患者。虽然她看起来身量不高，但却是好手好脚的模样。婚后，做丈夫的才大吃一惊——妻子不仅经常头晕、头疼、发热、恶心，且还呕吐现象。到医院一检查，发现她早已患有脑膜炎。疾病让这个家的日子蒙上了一层雾霾——妻子既没有劳动能力，也无法干家务，故而里里外外的事都要丈夫一肩挑；而且，妻子长年看病吃药，还要支出一大笔费用。<br /> <br /> The male owner looks younger, and although his skin is dark, his eyelids are well defined, his eyes sparkle, and his lips are thick and curved.His hair was parted in threes and sevens, and he wore a white long-sleeved shirt and black pants. Although there were some wrinkles on his forehead, eyes and cheeks, his entire face was clean. The most impressive thing was his eyes, which were typical of Cantonese people, with dimensional features.Although you are used to seeing Uighur and Kazakh looks when you were in Xinjiang, this man looks different again from these minorities. By the time he starts talking, you hear a strong whiff of Cantonese Mandarin.<br /> <br /> Originally, he was supposed to live a similar life as the people in the village - farming, and at the end of the year, he could earn about 6,000 yuan after selling the rice and sweet potatoes. However, this life pattern took an unexpected turn. in 1987, Sun Xianzai got married, but he did not find out that his wife was a meningitis patient. Although she did not look high, but all intact. After the marriage, the husband was surprised - his wife not only often dizziness, headache, fever, nausea, and also vomiting phenomenon.When she went to the hospital, it was found that she had been suffering from meningitis for a long time. The illness made the family's life even more difficult - the wife was unable to work, nor could she do housework, so her husband had to do everything; moreover, she had to spend a lot of money on medication for years.<br /> <br /> ====陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 在2016年时，当扶贫工作队在进行贫困户的调查时，发现老孙家的问题很大。男主人已不再年轻，无法胜任高强度的重体力劳动；妻子常年有病，无劳动能力；三个子女虽然都20多岁了，但情况不容乐观——儿子干的是不锈钢加工的活，每月能有3000收入；大女儿和小女儿干的都是销售，每月有2200元的收入。这些工作都是临时性的，所以他们的收入很不稳定。故而，孙贤在的家被核定为贫困户。在广东生活了十余年后，你知道做固定工作和打散工有很大区别——打散工的人，总要为找下一份工作而发愁。他们在生活中要精打细算才能活下去，很难存住钱； 与固定工人相比，散工的工作日很少。在印度古吉拉特邦的一项调查发现——散工平均每年工作254天，而上班族为354天；同时，1/3的底层散工只工作137天。<br /> 针对他家的情况，扶贫干部们设计了特别的帮扶计划——鼓励子女们尽量能干一份稳定的工作，不仅能维持自己的生存，还能补贴点家用；老孙的年龄偏大，不适合干地里的活，但可以搞养殖。“饲养走地鸡是个不错的活，既不用耗费太大体力，又能有相当收入！”可老孙畏手畏脚：“卖不出去怎么办？”干部们给他打气：“你只管养，我们来帮你卖！”于是，老孙安下心来，搞起了走地鸡的养殖。果然，等200多只鸡养成后，干部们帮他联系销售，一只鸡能卖到100元，一年便能收入2万多元！三年下来，干部们已帮他销售了将近700只鸡呢！<br /> <br /> <br /> ====马明宇 Ma Mingyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 除了卖鸡的收入外，因父亲和子女们都在工作，故而他家在2017年时获得“以奖代补”的奖励5000元，2018年时有8000元；再加上村里扶贫项目的分红1000元，县红色旅游项目的分红1400元，老孙积腋成裘，很快就甩掉了穷帽子。他的心里一直揣着个小梦想——将旧房子翻新一下。而现在，说干就干！现在，你看到的房子不仅墙壁雪白，不仅客厅和卧室铺了瓷砖，连卫生间的四壁都嵌上了瓷砖，而这些全部工程，才花费了1.3万元！看到你大吃一惊的模样，他指着墙壁说：“那些都是我自己买涂料自己刷的！”顿了顿，他补充道：“暗房子里住的都是发愁的人！”<br /> 陡然间，你被这句话给击中了——虽然这是一句相当普通的话，但却蕴含着岭南人所特有的机敏与幽默。他一定要粉刷房子，哪怕不专业，也要让墙白起来，因为，他不想发愁！显然，这栋簇新的屋子带给他的，是一种强烈的成就感！所以，当他在描述自己的生活时，态度显得那样积极。饲养走地鸡启动了一个良性循环，而在那最初的时刻，鼓励他不要害怕付出的声音显得尤为重要。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====彭琦 Peng Qi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 礼扬腐竹厂是扶贫工作队引进广东礼扬农业科技公司的精准扶贫项目，采用“公司+村集体+农户”的新模式。截止2019年年底，汕尾供电局已累计拨付捐赠资金90万元用于该产业项目，而大化村委会已通过“保底分红”的方式参股，2018年年底收入首批分红15万元。这个厂于2018年年初正式投运，随即还举办了大豆机械化种植技术暨农业产业项目现场会。现在，腐竹厂年均产量10万余斤，提供公益性岗位约30个（主要给留守家庭妇女和贫困户，每年可收入2万多元）；同时还带动了村民们的黄豆种植、黑猪养殖等产业——有20余户贫困户每年种植黄豆60余亩；村民可将黄豆卖给腐竹厂，还可到厂里来上班，又可利用豆渣养鸡养猪；当厂里的分红汇入村集体账户后，又增强了村子的“造血能力”！<br /> <br /> <br /> The Lai Yang beancurd factory is a targeted poverty alleviation project introduced by the poverty alleviation task force from Guangdong Lai Yang Agricultural Technology Company, adopting a new model of &quot;company + village collective + farmers&quot;. By the end of 2019, the Shanwei Electricity Supply Bureau had allocated 900,000 yuan in donations for the industrial project, while the Dahua Village Committee had participated in the shares through a &quot;guaranteed dividend&quot;, earning the first dividend of 150,000 yuan at the end of 2018. The factory was officially commissioned at the beginning of 2018, and a site meeting on soybean mechanization and agricultural industry projects was held immediately afterward. Now, the beancurd factory has an average annual output of more than 100,000 pounds and provides about 30 public service jobs (mainly for women and poor households left behind, who can earn more than 20,000 yuan per year); it also drives the villagers' soybean planting and black pig breeding industries - more than 20 poor households grow more than 60 acres of soybeans each year; villagers can sell their soybeans to the beancurd factories. The villagers can sell their soybeans to the bean factory, work in the factory and raise chickens and pigs with the bean dregs; when the dividends from the factory are remitted to the village collective account, the village's &quot;blood-making capacity&quot; is enhanced!<br /> <br /> ====漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 事实上，制作腐竹是项技术活——将黄豆晒干、去壳、浸泡和磨浆后，要煮沸成浆水；再通过沉淀，让表面结出一层米黄色的腐皮；用手在腐皮的中间轻轻一拈，腐皮就被滴滴嗒嗒地拎了起来；沥干后的新鲜腐竹吊挂在竹竿上，形成一个个三角形的金色盾牌，散发出迷人的豆香； 它们用力地吸收太阳的能量，让自己变得干爽，最终甚至有了饱经风霜的模样。目睹那吊挂在院子外一排排的腐竹时，你想起了在新疆的吐鲁番所见到的那一幕。在戈壁滩的深处，有一条雪水河从山谷里蜿蜒流过，在谷底两侧便形成了葡萄林。而在那些绿色植物的旁边，伫立着一些墙壁漏洞的屋子——那是专门用来晾晒葡萄的晾房。现在，你觉得腐竹和葡萄干都表皮发皱，有着异曲同工之妙。通过这两年的努力，“礼扬山泉腐竹”已荣获“汕尾市名牌农产品”称号，而这个厂也被评定为汕尾市农业龙头企业。<br /> 穿过狭窄的巷子，你来到了一片住宅区。只见一排排平房整齐地并列着，像一艘游轮上的客舱——每一间屋子的规模都差不多，看起来十分相似。孙后船的家位于临近街道的那一间——外墙贴了瓷砖，室内的地面也铺了瓷砖。正对着大门的是客厅，摆放着木质沙发、茶几、柜子和电视等，墙上挂着钟表、应急灯和红色的中国结；墙角立着个木佛龛，内里供着观音像。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====卿子晔 Qing Ziye====<br /> <br /> <br /> 42岁的孙后船像个运动员——身材矫健，动作灵敏。他穿着件灰色长袖T恤和蓝色牛仔裤，黑皮鞋擦得干干净净。他的模样显得十分可亲——那头乌发下是张洋溢着笑容的脸。看得出来，他是个性格爽朗而乐观的人。甚至，连他的声音都显得格外清脆——他说话的语速较之常人要快一点，且用词十分准确，还藏着一丝俏皮和诙谐，但又不失分寸。这个男人，如果不是因为左眼有残疾，实在是个俊朗而讨人喜欢的人。然而，命运对他却显现出了异常寻常的残酷性——因为左侧眼皮耷拉着，所以，在他左眼周围的肌肉都有些扭曲。于是，他的面孔呈现出一种古怪的效果——左侧丑陋而狰狞，右脸却英武而俊俏。然而，他却有一具和肉身不配套的灵魂——那样乐观！那样充满活力！绝不轻易言输！这种状态让你也感到欢欣——也许肉体的缺陷并不吓人，而人们若是对自己毫无期待，那才是真正的吓人。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====仇绪 Qiu Xu====<br /> <br /> <br /> “我刚出生的时候是能看见的！”他用强烈的口气陈述着这个事实。然后，他捋了捋情绪，开始讲述自己的前半生。出生4个月后，他的左眼突然失去了光明，眼皮亦塌陷了下来；而就是在这个时刻，他的母亲因病撒手人寰。一只眼睛失明和丧母，都发生在他还是个婴儿的时期，这是怎样痛心的惨烈之事！他是如何度过童年的，他并没有太多谈及，而是略略地一笔带过，可是，你只要稍微用心地想一想，就会觉得这男孩是在挣扎中活下来的。他的父亲既要忍受中年丧妻的打击，又要担负起抚养残疾婴儿的的责任，一定会心情郁闷无比狂躁吧？<br /> 7岁时，父亲和另一个村的女人结了婚后，自己也去了那个村。临行前，父亲将他过继给了大伯。初中没毕业，他便开始下地劳动。很快，他就对地里的各项活计都十分谙熟。等他长成一个青年时，大伯张罗着给他娶媳妇。和妻子结婚时，他并不知道她有病。事实上，这个女子和他的情况恰好相反——虽然她好手好脚，面孔端正，走路吃饭都没有问题，但她的脑袋却像电脑主板会经常短路般，一下子就黑屏了。虽然已生了两个儿子，但妻子的精神一直处于时好时坏的状态。清醒时，她像一个正常人；犯病时，她像是被恶魔附体，不仅大吼大叫，还会奋力打人。若是做丈夫的挨上几下拳脚倒也罢了，只是有时，妻子会在半夜里暴揍孩子。每一次，当他已睡得十分深沉时，听到哭嚎声如雷声炸裂，便赶忙跳起来。现在，妻子一个人睡一间卧室，而他和两个儿子一起睡。他摇摇头：“没办法！怕孩子挨打啊！”<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====全永慧 Quan Yonghui ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 这个家似乎已落入了“疾病陷阱”——丈夫残疾，妻子精神有病，两个孩子都未成年。家里的全部开销，靠丈夫一人种地所得。他是无法出门打工的，他有自知之明：“我这个样子是不能出门的，但我可以把所有的气力都放在地里面！”他发狠地种了十几亩地，每天都早出晚归地耕作，但是日子过得依旧很是艰辛。别的男人在外面劳动后，回到家可以吃上老婆做的热饭，可他却享不了那个福。回到家，他还得挽起袖子做饭。在干完家务活之余，他还要照看年幼的两个儿子和年长的大伯。你惊诧万分！在这样的高压生活下，他居然没有半点戾气，反而爽朗乐观，真是奇迹！<br /> 如果没有残疾补助，没有助学补助，这个家的日子一定会非常困难。然而，当政府提供给这个家一把“梯子”后，他们便从可怕的“贫困陷阱”中慢慢地爬了上来。现在，他家一年有3000多元的残疾补助；全家每月有900元的低保补助；13岁的大儿子在上小学，一年有3000元生活补助。这些钱在城里人看来不算多，但却能维持这个岭南乡村之家的日常生活。最为难得的是，虽然孙后船被核定为“无劳动能力的贫困户”，但他却身残志坚，决不让生命白白荒废。当扶贫干部们看到他比那些好手好脚的人还爱干活时，便将村里的一些公益工作——锄草、搞卫生、清洁水渠等——都让他来干，让他挣点零用钱。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====疏珊 Shu Shan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 他的小儿子才3岁，有着一头软软的黑发，两只眼睛又黑又亮，小巧的嘴巴很是红润，甚为机灵可爱。这孩子在灰毛衣外套了件黑色马甲，下身是蓝色牛仔裤和运动鞋，和城里孩子的衣着并无二般。当父亲要去地里干活时，总会央求邻居帮忙照看一下孩子；有时邻居有事，他便带着儿子去下地。孩子既聪明又懂事，甚至学会了挖地！在父亲的手机视频里，你看到那个小孩举着个小锄头，正认真地朝地上砍去。他的样子那样认真，绝对是在帮助父亲，而不是在玩游戏！这个小男孩，原本应在幼儿园小班里学拼音，可现在，却像个勤劳的农民般举起锄头。他手脚并用，腰杆挺直，真心实意地要给爸爸帮忙。你看着那视频直发笑，可笑着笑着，总觉得眼角发酸发涩。唉！命运对这家人如此苛刻，可他们却从未抱怨，反而坦然接受，并尽力适应与改变。这些最平常普通的人，就像那些田野里的泥土，毫不起眼，但却是撑起整个世界的基石。他们应该过上更好的生活！他们配得上更好的生活！<br /> <br /> <br /> ====王芳玲 Wang Fangling====<br /> <br /> <br /> 落日照耀着毗邻南海的这片原野。当汽车将河流、田地、农舍和树木都抛在后面时，落日并没有抛弃它们，它依旧照耀着那蜿蜒的小溪，那积水的池塘，那被杂草簇拥的香蕉林。黄昏的水面像一团烈火，在燃烧着最后一道光束。落日让小村变得像宽银幕电影，像一个乌托邦世界，像一副绚烂至极的油画。你喜欢目光所及的这些景致，更喜欢生活在景致里的这些人——他们如这田野般淳朴而厚实。<br /> 在县城的夜晚，你整理着采访笔记，思忖着这一路的所见所闻。显然，海丰县的乡村产业发展已取得了一定成效——全县形成了六大农业产业基地，培育了一批农业新型经营主体，打造了一些农业品牌，在脱贫攻坚和乡村振兴中起到很大作用，但依旧存在着问题。<br /> <br /> The sunset shines on the field by the south sea. While rivers, fields, farmhouses and trees are left behind car, the sunset still shines on the winding streams, waterlogged ponds and banana groves swarmed by weeds. The water at dusk was like a blazing fire, burning the last beam of light. The sunset makes the village a widescreen movie, like a utopian world and a gorgeous painting. You like the scenery as far as you can see, and you like the people who live in the scenery - they are as simple and thick as the fields. At night in the county, you organized your interview notes, pondering what you had seen and heard along the way. Apparently, the development of rural industries in Haifeng County has made some achievements - the county has formed six major agricultural industry bases, cultivated a number of new agricultural business entities and created some agricultural brands, which have played a great role in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, but there are still problems.<br /> <br /> The sunset shines on the field by the south sea. While rivers, fields, farmhouses and trees are left behind car, the sunset still shines on the winding streams, waterlogged ponds and banana groves swarmed by weeds. The water at dusk was like a blazing fire, burning the last beam of light. The sunset makes the village a widescreen movie, like a utopian world and a gorgeous painting. You enjoy the scenery as far as you can see, and you like the people who live in the scenery - they are as simple and thick as the fields. At night, you organized your interview notes, pondering what you had seen and heard along the way. Apparently, the development of rural industries in Haifeng County has yielded some results - the county has formed six major agricultural industry bases, cultivated a batch of new agricultural business entities and created few agricultural brands, which have played a significant role in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization though there still exist some issues.<br /> <br /> ====王纪龙 Wang Jilong====<br /> <br /> <br /> 首先，县里目前还是品牌少、效益不高，处于“有产业无效益、有主体无规模、有产品无名牌”的现状——全县的主导产业以粮食为主，经济效益不高，而规模体量大、产业链条长、科技含量高、带动能力强、就业门路多的产业项目，尚在培育之中；其次，新型经营主体的数量虽超过千家，但规模普遍不大，带动能力不强——虽然拥有100多个“三品一标一名牌”，但名牌效应并没有真正地拓展开，市场竞争力也不算强；再次，乡村人才支撑不充分——随着新型城镇化进程的加快，农民群众洗脚上田，致使乡村人才流失严重，返乡创业的氛围不浓，留守劳动力多以妇女和年老体弱者为主，文化素养和技术能力都不能适应现代农村发展的要求。凡此种种，都亟需海丰在未来的时日里得以解决。<br /> <br /> First of all, the county is still haunted with issues like few brands and low benefits, and is in the situation of &quot;business without benefits, industry without scale, product without brand&quot; - the leading industry in the county is food production and its economic benefits are not high, while the industrial projects with large scale, long industrial chain, high scientific and technological content, strong driving ability, and many employment opportunities are still under cultivation; Secondly, although the number of new business entities exceeds 1000, the scale is generally small and the driving capacity is not powerful - although there are more than 100 campanies of &quot;three products, one standard and one brand&quot;, the brand effect has not really expanded and the market competitiveness is not strong; Thirdly, the reserve of rural talents is insufficient - with the acceleration of the new urbanization process, the farmers have washed their feet and left the fields, resulting in a serious loss of rural talents. The atmosphere of returning to their hometown for entrepreneurship is not exuberant. The left behind labor force is mainly women, the elderly and the infirm, and cultural literacy and technical ability cannot meet the requirements of modern rural development. All these things need to be solved by Haifeng in the future.</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Lingnan_Englisch_4&diff=151754 Lingnan Englisch 4 2022-12-14T16:31:16Z <p>Li Hong: /* 李佳珺 Li Jiajun */</p> <hr /> <div><br /> <br /> ==== Wellsand, Benjamin====<br /> <br /> 离开李家后，漆云良依旧跑步返回村委。跑着跑着，他自己先噗嗤地笑了起来。这种“跑步途中为老百姓看病”的行为，和“走方医”“赤脚医生”颇为相似。他想起孙思邈在《大医精诚》中说“凡大医治病，必当安神定志，无欲无求，先发大慈恻隐之心，誓愿普救含灵之苦”，不觉感慨万千。在医院工作时，他并未真正理解何为“大医”，而现在，当他在目睹了贫困户家里的窘迫后，真正理解了什么叫“无欲无求”，什么叫“恻隐之心”。只有懂得了这些，才能明白人间疾苦，才能心怀慈悲和恻隐，去不管不顾地去解救苦难。在这个过程中，“大医”是绝不会想到一丁点儿私利的。那一刻，他幡然醒悟——其实，无论他的角色是“漆医生”还是“漆书记”，他所干的事情都是为民造福，而在这个过程中，他从未想到过自己的得失。<br /> <br /> After leaving Li's house, Qi Yunliang still ran back to the village committee. As he ran, he burst out laughing himself. This behavior of &quot;ordinary people seeing the doctor on the run&quot; is quite similar to &quot;take a prescription medicine&quot; and the &quot;barefoot doctor&quot;. He thought of Sun Simiao's ''Great Physician's Sincerity'' saying, &quot;When a great doctor treats a disease, he must calm his mind and resolve his mind. He, without desire or need, must first show compassion and vow to save the suffering of the soul&quot;, and was filled with not a little emotion. When he was working in the hospital, he didn't really understand what a &quot;great doctor&quot; was, but now, after witnessing the distress in a poor family, he really understands what it means to &quot;have no need or desire&quot; and what is called &quot;compassion.&quot; Only by understanding these, can we understand the suffering in the world, with compassion and sympathy, and relieve the suffering irregardless. In this process, the &quot;great physician&quot; will never think of the slightest self-interest. At that moment, he suddenly realized that it did not matter whether his role was as &quot;Doctor Qi&quot; or &quot;Secretary Qi.&quot; What he did was for the benefit of the people and, in the process, he never thought about his own gains or losses.<br /> <br /> After leaving Li's house, Qi Yunliang still runs back to the village committee. Running, he laughed himself first. This kind of behavior of &quot;seeing a doctor for the common people on the way of running&quot; is quite similar to &quot;walking doctors&quot; and &quot;barefoot doctors&quot;. He remembered that Sun Simiao said in the Great Doctor's Sincerity that &quot;every great healer must calm his mind and resolve his mind. He must have no desire or desire. He first showed great compassion and vowed to save all spiritual suffering&quot;. He was filled with emotion. When he worked in the hospital, he did not really understand what a &quot;big doctor&quot; was. Now, after witnessing the embarrassment of poor families, he really understood what it meant to be &quot;no desire, no desire&quot; and what it meant to be &quot;compassion&quot;. Only when we understand these things can we understand the sufferings of the world, and we can be merciful and compassionate, and go out of our way to rescue the suffering. In this process, the &quot;big doctor&quot; will never think of any selfish interests. At that moment, he suddenly realized that no matter whether his role was &quot;doctor lacquer&quot; or &quot;secretary lacquer&quot;, what he did was to benefit the people, and in this process, he never thought of his own gains and losses.<br /> <br /> ==== 庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====<br /> <br /> 漆云良一直惦记着“驼子”刘健业。这一天，当虎门的一家服装厂捐赠了50多件新衣服后，他专门挑了两件去找刘健业。“驼子”虽身量不高，但却练得一身好武艺——能骑在自行车上到别村<br /> 去逛。“驼子”是个单身汉，总是将日子过得懒散邋遢——除了那皱巴而脏污的衣服外，最令人惊骇的，便是那又长又乱，且被污垢头油弄得支棱起来的头发。那不是头发，而是一团黑云。漆云良寻到村里会理发的妇女，递给她一百块钞票，请她帮忙给“驼子”理个发。可对方连忙摆手：“不行不行！那家伙身上味道的闻不得啊！”唉，漆云良不禁为“驼子”叹气——经常忘记洗澡的他，确实像一块移动的调料库，充满了各种浓郁而丰富的味道，让人们想掩鼻躲开。可也不能总是顶着一团黑云走来走去吧？漆云良借了把剪刀后，在村口给“驼子”剪起了头发。<br /> <br /> Qi Yunliang has been thinking about &quot;Camel&quot; Liu Jianye. On that day, when a garment factory in Humen donated more than 50 new clothes, he chose two to find Liu Jianye. &quot;Camel&quot; is not tall, but he has a good martial arts training -- he can ride a bicycle to other villages<br /> Go shopping. &quot;Camel&quot; is a bachelor who always lives a lazy and untidy life. In addition to the wrinkled and dirty clothes, the most frightening thing is the long and messy hair, which is made up of dirt and oil. It was not hair, but a cloud. Qi Yunliang goes to find a woman who can cut her hair in the village, hands her a hundred yuan bill, and asks her to help him cut his hair. But the other party quickly waved his hand: &quot;No, no! That guy's smell is too bad!&quot; Alas, Qi Yunliang can't help sighing for &quot;Camel&quot; - he often forgets to take a bath. He really looks like a moving condiment store, full of rich and rich flavors, which makes people want to hide their noses. Can't you always walk around with a black cloud? After borrowing a pair of scissors, Qi Yunliang cut &quot;Camel&quot;'s hair at the entrance of the village.<br /> <br /> ==== 周子豪 Zhou Zihao====<br /> <br /> 这是他第一次剪发，虽然从什么经验，但剪刀在手，也就大权在握，只管那么咔嚓咔嚓地剪下去。那个时候，他并非觉得自己是在干好事，而只是简单地换位思考——若那团黑云顶在自己脑门上会怎样？一定会难受得要死吧！这样设身处地的联想后，他在剪发时并非觉得自己是在帮助别人，反而像是自己在帮自己。剔除掉黑云的“驼子”，像变成了另一个人。虽然还是矮小瘦干，但到底还是清爽了许多。“驼子”在照镜子时，眼神里打出一道闪电。陡然间，在他的脸上爆出一个没牙的笑容：“呵呵，呵呵。”继而，他将大拇指高高举起，喉头里的“呵呵，呵呵”变成了“哈哈，哈哈”。漆云良也笑了起来：“谁说你傻！其实你很聪明嘛！”他学着“驼子”的模样，也举起了大拇指高高翘起。这一举动，让“驼子”将嘴巴咧得更大，也愈发热烈地点着头。“驼子”的脸颊上布满热泪——从两颗原本又瘪又硬的眼珠子里，居然能流淌出液体！后来，在漆云良的建议下，村里给“驼子”安装了台电视机，让他在夜晚不要那么孤独寂寞。漆云良还想给“驼子”家装个太阳能热水器，能让他洗上热水澡。在这个村子里，“驼子”是边缘人中的边缘人，然而，“在扶贫的路上，不能落下一个贫困家庭，丢下一个贫困群众。”<br /> <br /> ==== 周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan====<br /> <br /> 看到路灯照耀在村委会文化广场时，漆云良不禁感慨：“环境这么好，得利用起来啊！”他决定每周三的晚上，在这里教村民打太极拳。从“掤捋挤按须认真，上下相随人难进；任他巨力来打我，牵动四两拨千斤”的揽雀尾，再到“意趣环生味无穷，恰似杨柳摆春风；练到优美柔和处，行云流水一般同”的云手，他悉心地纠正着村民们的每一个动作。这些与土地打了一辈子交道的人，手掌像是泥塑的，布满干燥而龟裂的纹路。他们的身躯像一块胡杨木，僵硬得毫无韵律感。“学太极能帮助人们去除浮躁，修身养性，外练筋皮骨，内练精气神。”在漆云良的鼓励下，贫困户蔡新华夫妇、谭发善夫妇、村民李润兰、蔡润娣、村医刘娟红、村支书李文满、镇农业办袁主任、村老妇女主任刘大姐等人，通通成了他的学生。为了方便联系，大家还建立起了一个“斜周太极微信群”。只要到了时间，学员们便跟随老师的身影，挥手踢腿，摆起了架势，让这个小村的夜晚有了别样的气息。<br /> <br /> Seeing the street lamps shinning on the cultural square of the village committee, Qi Yunliang thought that it is necessary to take advantage of such favorable conditions. Inspired by such ideas, he decided to teach villagers Tai Chi every Wednesday evening in the square. And he explained patiently every movement to them, including the Grasp the Bird’s Tail which is soft but powerful and the Cloud Hands, soft and fluid. Having worked on the land all their lives, villagers’ hands were like clay with dry and cracked lines, and their bodies blocks of poplar, so stiff and moving without rhythm. “Learning Tai Chi helps cultivate one’s mind, build one’s body and enhance one’s vigor.” Encouraged by such words of Qi, the poor Cai Xinhua and his wife, the poor Tan Fashan and his wife, villager Li Runlan and Cai Rundi, village doctor Liu Juanhong, village secretary Li Wenman, town agriculture office director Yuan, the retired village women’s director Liu Dajie and others all began to learn Tai Chi. And they also set up a WeChat group to keep in touch. Every Wednesday evening, they all followed Qi to practice, livening up the whole village in the evening.<br /> <br /> ==== 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi ====<br /> <br /> 这股摩登而时尚的气息，让古老的乡村为之一颤。那些经常喝酒、抽烟、打牌、熬夜的人，被路灯下那整齐的运动场景给震慑住。他们先是紧绷一张张菜黄的脸发愣，然后，再一个个躲进暗处，不好意思露面。<br /> 2020年2月4日是立春，天空飘着濛濛细雨。原本，这是春竹拔节的时刻，然而，由于2019年年底爆发的新型冠状病毒疫情，让小村的春天姗姗来迟。小村似乎进入了战备状态，到处都弥漫着一股浓浓的紧张气氛。这天一早，镇委书记和镇长来村里开会，落实了工作重点——要强化临时监测哨卡的巡查，要加大力度进行健康教育，要及时送达与告知疫情信息，要对疫区返回人员加强体温监测，要发放口罩、体温仪和消毒液等防护物资等等。考虑到村里的老年人、慢性病人的抵抗力较差，漆云良便和大家商定了“入户走访，监测体温，不漏一个”的目标。这一天，他的工作重点是到贫困户家测量体温——在41户的172名人员中，包括26名居住在外地的人员，18名从深圳和广州来村的人员。<br /> <br /> This modern and fashionable atmosphere brought a frisson of novelty to the ancient countryside. Those who often drank, smoked, played cards and stayed up late, were greatly amazed by the orderly movements under the street lamp. With their tight, sallow faces, they all stared at first. Then, they hid in the dark, embarrassed to show up. In 2020, the spring began on Feb, 4, a drizzling day. That was originally the time for bamboo’s growth. However, the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic at the end of 2019 delayed the coming of spring in this village. The village seemed to be in a state of war readiness, the tense atmosphere suffusing everywhere. On an early morning, the Secretary of the Town’s Party Committee and the head of the town came here for a meeting, and they clarified the priorities of current work, including strengthening the patrol of temporary monitoring posts, enhancing the health education, timely delivering the related information, strictly monitoring the temperature of those back from pandemic-stricken areas, distributing protective materials such as masks, thermometers and disinfectants, etc. In view of the poor resistance of the old and patients with chronic diseases, Qi Yunliang then agreed with others on the goal of “visiting every household, taking everyone’s temperature, without missing anyone”. Today, his major work was to visit the poor households for taking temperatures. Of the 172 persons in 41 households, 26 lived out of the village, and 18 came from Shenzhen and Guangzhou.<br /> <br /> ==== 张婷 Zhang Ting====<br /> <br /> 当他来到刘培宗家时，刘的妻子张富香热情地招呼刀：“漆书记来了！快进来坐！”正在劈柴的老刘听闻，即刻丢下柴刀进了门。巧得很，老刘的两个女儿宝莲和涓莲也都在家，齐声向漆书记问好。这个家看起来相当简朴，但却十分和乐。漆云良想起自己第一次来的时候，简直卖不开步子——那间老屋又黑又小，岌岌可危。现在，全家人都搬进了新居，每个人的脸上都喜气洋洋；现在，这个家终于把“村里唯一没有完成危房改造”的帽子给摘掉了。在测量体温时，漆良云对老两口叮嘱道：“出门一定要戴口罩啊！”他不厌其烦地演示戴口罩的正确方式，还告诉他们，他到别人家也会这么说的。在村里住久了，他已相当了解村民的心里——怕自己戴口罩给邻居们笑话。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 张思诗 Zhang Sishi====<br /> <br /> 他拿出个红包塞给宝莲：“你在学校要好好读书，在家里要多做家务活，还要对爸妈多讲些防疫知识啊。”宝莲即刻点头：“漆书记放心吧，我一定让爸妈出门时戴上口罩！”原本，他以为劝说戴口罩是个达难题，但现在，就这样迂回地解决了，心里一阵高兴。他感慨，有些干部虽然心肠很好，但工作方式稍显粗暴，好像总是在对不上的时间里，说了接不上的话题，和村民的关系反而越努力越疏离。临出门时，他还不忘和男主人谈及收成。老刘显得相当坦然——原本农作物会有6万多元的收入，但现在受疫情影响，可能会少一点，但总体还是可以的。漆云良又叮嘱了几句，这才出发去另一户人家。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei====<br /> <br /> 测体温看起来并不费劲，但却非常耗时。况且，当他这样一户户挨着量时，总是不忘询问收成如何，有无困难。他用最朴素的语言讲解疫情，反复强调“不聚会、少出门、勤洗手”的重要性。等走访完西坑8户26个人后，已到下午一点。同事摸了摸肚子所：“饿了吧？”漆云良却笑道：“要不，一鼓作气，把黄石坑和瑶前村的五户也走访完？”“走！让我们跟时间赛跑！”简单的午饭后，他们又去了小枧坑、大印头和黄溪水村。等晚上七点半回到村委时，他们已走访了38家贫困户，测量体温126人，电话随访居住外地的贫困人口26人，监测外来人员18人，发放宣传单150余份。这些事做起来，根本无法行云流水，反而粘滞琐碎，然而，大疫当前，唯有把这些小事做细致做踏实，才能取得真正的成效。<br /> <br /> ==== 张珂珂 Zhang Keke====<br /> <br /> 这天晚饭后，漆良云并没有合衣安眠，而是再次出门——他还要去哨卡巡视。原来，自从打响防疫战后，村里便在三个道路口设立了临时监测哨卡，用大喇叭播放疫情防控知识，劝阻外地人员暂不返乡，又要监测、登记来往人员的体温，还要防止外来车辆、外来人员进入。在哨卡上值班的，有村干部组、兄弟组、夫妻组、父子组、军人家属组、大学生组等不同组合。大家都绷着一根警惕的弦，认真负责地检查着。巡完哨卡返回村委时，已是夜里九点半。躺在床上后的他依旧心绪不平，琢磨着明天的工作该怎么干才能周到而详尽。他思忖着，农村的防控工作还是要发动群众，让被动防护变成主动防控。那么，要不要在村里搞一次全民健康大宣教？在宣教时，要不要找人演示一下个人防护的过程？他从床上翻身下来，打开笔记本，抄录下毛泽东主席的诗句——“借问瘟君欲何往，纸船明烛照天烧”。<br /> <br /> After dinner, Qi Liangyun didn’t sleep in his clothes, instead, he went out again—he still had to patrol at the security posts. Originally, since the epidemic prevention had started, the villagers have set up temporary monitoring checkpoints at three intersections and used loudspeakers to broadcast epidemic prevention and control knowledge to dissuade non-local personnel from returning home temporarily. In addition, they also need to monitor and register the body temperature of commuters, and prevent foreign vehicles and outsiders from entering. There were different combinations of village cadres, brothers, couples, fathers and sons, military families and university students on duty at the checkpoints. Everyone’s mind raced and they were still checking carefully. It was 9:30 p.m. when he returned to the village committee after patrolling the security checkpoints. After lying on the bed, he still felt unsettled and depressed, pondering how to do the work tomorrow in a detailed way. In the meanwhile, he realized the disease prevention and control still needs to mobilize the villagers. Only by doing this, would we turn the passive protection into active protection. Therefore, why not organize a nationwide health education in the village? Why don't we find someone to demonstrate the process of personal protection? He rolled over from the bed, opened his notebook, and copied a poem by Chairman Mao Zedong-&quot;I ask where the plague lord wants to go, the paper boats and candles burn in the sky”<br /> <br /> == Part 26 ==<br /> <br /> ====张海珊 Zhang Haishan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 唠家常、小红包和拆旧房<br /> <br /> 在一个星期天的早上，漆云良从村委出发时，对自己进行了全幅武装——戴草帽、套雨鞋、穿长袖衣、拎矿泉水瓶。步行40分钟后，他来到了谭蒙山的家。老谭身量不高，皮肤黄黑，浑身精瘦。他长着一双大眼睛，但眼尾纹却格外深刻。已经是65岁的人，但他还是家里的主劳力，然而，毕竟年龄不饶人——发际线明显倒退，令老谭的整个前额全都裸了出来；所剩不多的头发也变得花白，连嘴唇和下巴处的胡子也是花白的。老谭的妻子虽然体型高大，但力气却很小，根本干不动体力活；女儿结婚后生育了两个孩子，但年龄都还小，需要大人照顾；女婿虽然年轻力壮，但因常年在深圳打工，家里的活计也帮不上忙。<br /> <br /> ==== 曾晨 Zeng Chen====<br /> <br /> 远远的，山路上走来两个人，都肩扛锄头手提木桶，根本分不出哪一个是书记，哪一个是村民。两个人徒步半小时后，来到一个小山冲。望着满山的油柚、贡柑与沙糖橘，老谭的嘴角微微翘起——这不仅仅是属于他的橘园，还是属于他的希望，他的梦想。老谭是村子里的老高中生，比别人更容易接纳新知识。他家很早就完成危房改造——两层半的水泥平房四方四正，煞是气派。这栋房子虽然花了老谭家的不少财产，但有国家补助的4万元，让老谭又甚是安慰。老谭很注意学习种植技术——在山上的这300多棵柑橘，长势一直良好，预测收成会不错。<br /> 进入橘园后，两个人便开始拿着锄头挖水渠——只有渠沟深凹，才能贮存下更多的山泉水，才能浇灌这些果树。漆云良双手握着锄把，用力一挥，让锄头的顶部锋刃咬住地面，再用力向下一弯，抠出一块泥土；然后，再用力一挥，再向下，再抠出另一块！这一块接着那一块，这一块之后还有那一块，这一块和那一块完全不同。<br /> <br /> In the distance, two men were walking along the mountain road, both with hoes on their shoulders and buckets on their hands. It was impossible to tell which one was the secretary and which one was a villager. After a half-hour hike, the two men came to a small mountain. Looking at the hills full of pomelo, capers and sugar oranges, the elder Tan slightly smiled-- this is not only his orangery, but also his hope and dream. Elder Tan, used to be a high school student in the village, is more receptive to new knowledge than others. His family had early completed the renovation of a dilapidated two-and-a-half-story concrete bungalow. Although the house cost the family a lot of money, but the state subsidy of 40,000 yuan, let the old Tan feel comfort. Elder Tan is keen to learn planting techniques - the more than 300 citrus trees on the mountain have been growing well and are predicting a good harvest. Once inside the orchard, the two men took their hoes and began to dig the canal, which had to be deep enough to hold more mountain spring water to water the trees. Qi Yunliang held the hoe handle in both hands, and swung it hard to make the top edge of the hoe snap at the ground. Then he bent down hard and dug out a piece of soil. Then, one more swipe, one more downward, and one more piece! This one follows that one, this one follows that one, and this one is completely different from that one.<br /> <br /> ====余海铭 Yu Haiming====<br /> <br /> 虽然已经一块接着一块地抠出了泥土，然而，小小的锄头却无法切断深坑内部那根连根的密网。怎么办？只能用最笨的办法——只能是这样一块那样一块地挖下去。通过一次次撞击，最终，让整条渠完全下沉，变身为深深的沟壑。这样的重体力劳动，是漆云良从未遇到过的——年轻时他在老家也干过农活，可那时，他的身子从来不觉得累；后来，他常年从事医务工作，难得有抡起锄头的机会。而现在，他的T恤衫已全部被汗水湿透，黏糊糊地贴在胸腔和后背上；他的手臂因为举着锄头一起一伏，变得僵硬而麻木；他的脚底上沾满了黏糊的泥土，那泥土增加了些许重量，让他每向前挪动一步都格外困难。<br /> Although the soil has been gouged out piece by piece, however, a small hoe can not cut the deep pit inside the dense net of roots. What to do? Can only use the most stupid way - can only be such a piece of that piece of digging down. By hitting it again and again, finally, the whole canal sinks completely, transformed into a deep gully. Such manual labor is something that Qi Yunliang has never had before - when he was young, he also did farming work in his hometown, but at that time, his body never felt tired. Later, he was engaged in medical work for many years, and rarely had the opportunity to do farming work. Now, his T-shirt was drenched in sweat and clung to his chest and back. His arms were stiff and numb from holding the hoe. The soles of his feet were covered with sticky mud, which added a little weight and made it difficult for him to move forward.<br /> <br /> ==== 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei ====<br /> <br /> 这一天的日头格外猛烈，撒下千万条金箭，直愣愣射在他的肩膀上。趁着擦汗之际，漆云良和老谭唠起了家常：“其实啊，你可以接些水管，再弄些开关与喷嘴，把溪水引到橘园里，省得这样一锄头一锄头地挖啊！”然而，老谭却面露犹疑之色，嘴唇紧绷。过了片刻，他忍不住叹息，又降低声调，道出自己的秘密。原来，这片柑橘园才出产，还不知今后收成怎样，所以他不想过多投资，否则，收入会不可逆转地下滑。漆云良不觉纳闷：“现在国家的农村政策这么好，为什么不投资呢？”原来，老谭并非不相信政策，而是觉得没有接班人。老谭再次叹气后，像患者要揭开自己的伤疤般，吐露的词语浸泡着疼痛的感觉：“唉，女婿是上门入赘的，到底不能像儿子那样随便使唤；女儿还要照顾小孩，干农活又没有力气。”漆云良思忖了一会，劝导老谭：“要不，让你女儿多做做女婿的思想工作，打工到底不能干一辈子，还是要把自己的传家宝继承下来嘛。”看老谭的脸色有些缓和，他又给老谭吃上一颗定心丸：“要不这样，等有机会，让我来和你女婿谈一谈。”老谭的眼睛弯了起来，喜上眉梢：“那当然好啊！”漆云良说：“女婿的事情包在我身上，你还是把注意力放在橘园里。我在村里还要干两年，我会来帮你的！”老谭激动地点头说：“我会努力干的！”<br /> <br /> Back that day, the sun was extremely hot, like casting thousands of golden arrows, directly on his shoulders. As Lao Tan was wiping the sweat, Qi Yunliang talked with him about everyday matters and said, “In fact, you could connect some pipes and then fix some switches and nozzles, leading the stream water to the Orangery, which could help save you from digging!” However, Lao Tan seemed kind of hesitant with his lips closed. Moments later, he couldn’t help sighing and told his secret in a lower voice. It turned out that this Orangery just born fruits this year. In terms of future harvest, he was so uncertain that he didn’t intend to invest too much. Otherwise, income would decline irreversibly. QI felt quite puzzled, “Now, with such good national rural policies, why not invest?” The truth was that instead of not believing in policies, Lao Tan thought there would be no successor. Lao Tan sighed again, like a patient to open his own scars, these words soaked with pain, &quot;Alas, my son-in-law lives with us. Effectively I can’t treat him like the son at will. My daughter has to take care of children, and no strength to do farm work.&quot; Qi Yunliang pondered for a while. Then he advised Lao Tan,&quot;How about letting your daughter persuade your son-in-law's? In the end, working can not be done for life. It is important to inherit own family heirlooms.&quot; Seeing Lao Tan's face somewhat eased, he tried to reassure Lao Tan: &quot;What about allowing me to come and talk to your son-in-law when there is an opportunity.&quot; Lao Tan's eyes curved up with joyfulness. “Of course. That's good!&quot; Qi Yunliang said, &quot;Just leave this matter to me. You had better focus on the orange garden. I'll be in the village for two more years and I'll come to give you a hand!&quot; Lao Tan nodded excitedly and said, &quot;I will continue to work hard!&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== 杨思吟 Yang Siyin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 中午时分，两个人便从山里返回村中。漆云良将锄头和木桶放回老谭家后，朝村委走去。这时候的阳光，是一天中最为猛烈的，简直像千万道激光辐射而下，令他再次大汗淋漓，连头发都黏成了一缕一缕，裤脚上还粘着泥巴。和村里的乡亲们打照面时，对方的眼里都含着笑意：“漆书记好！”他在点头示意时，不觉哑然失笑。他这副装扮，根本不像一个书记，简直就是一个刚从山里干活回来的村民。虽然浑身黏糊，胳膊和大腿异常疲惫，腰也极为酸痛，但他的心情却甚为愉悦。简单地洗漱了一番后，他在笔记本上写下这样一句话：“脚下有泥土，头顶有灵光。”是的，这是他最近的领悟。他在村里住得越久，越明白与贫困户的相处之道——要把自己整个儿地交出来，要和他们一起吃饭，和他们一起下地劳动，懂得他们碗里的咸淡，懂得他们劳作的艰辛，懂得他们内心的伤痛，他们才会认可你。一旦他们和你建立起亲密的情感关系，他们便会讲出心里话，也愿意接受你提出的建议。<br /> <br /> At noon, they returned from the mountains. After putting the hoe and barrel back to Lao Tan's house, Qi Yunliang walked towards the village committee. The sunshine of this time was the strongest in a day, just like thousands of lasers radiating down. He was bathed in sweat again, even his hair stuck into wisps and his trouser legs stuck on muds. When villagers encountered him, they managed a smile and said, “ have a nice day.” He responded with a nod and cracked a laugh. Wearing this, he was not like a secretary at all, but looking like a villager who just returned from working in the mountains. Although his whole body is sticky, with arms and thighs extremely exhausted and waist punishingly sore, he was in an overwhelmingly light mood. After taking a quick shower, he wrote such a sentence in his notebook—with muds under his feet, there is light on his head. This is his recent enlightenment. The longer he lived in the village, the better he understood how to get along with poor households. He need to do everything possible to involve in their life , eating and working in the fields with them and understanding the saltiness in their bowls, the hardships of their work and pain in their heart. Only after all these, they will recognize you. Once they estblished a close emotional relationship with you, they will express their true feelings and be willing to accept your suggestions.<br /> <br /> ==== 颜琦 Yan Qi====<br /> <br /> 不出几日，听说老谭的女婿从深圳回来，漆云良便赶忙去找小伙子谈心。只见这个年轻人个头很高，大约有一米七八，但却身形稍显单薄精瘦。漆云良开门见山地说：“现在，粤北的农村发展得这么好，你岳父也打好了基础，你再打两年工后，要把重点放回到田里，要以搞农业为主啊！”看到女婿有些愧怍不安，他又趁热打铁地说：“在家里种柑橘，既能致富又能和孩子一起成长，岂不更好？你想想，你已经是两个孩子的父亲了。”女婿像被击中了软肋，浑身一紧，旋即点头倒：“嗯，没问题，再过两年一定回来！”到2019年年底，老谭家的柑橘收入将近4万元，加上其他收入，已完成脱贫指标。漆云良思忖，若是日后女婿能回来继承橘园，这个家便不会存在返贫的危险。<br /> <br /> A few days after that, Qi Yunliang heard that Tan's son-in-law came back from Shenzhen. Qi talked to the young man immediately. He was quite tall, about 5 feet and 10 inches high, but slightly thin and lean. Qi said straight to the point, &quot;Now, the rural areas in northern Guangdong are developing well. Your father-in-law has laid a good foundation over years. After you work for two more years, you should put the focus back on the fields and engage in farming.&quot; Seeing that the young man was a bit ashamed, he added, &quot;If you grow citrus in your hometown, you can get rich, and at the same time keep company with your children. Isn’t that a better choice? Think about it, you are already the father of two children.&quot; Qi’s word hit the man as a knockout punch. He immediately agreed, &quot;Well, you are right. I’ll work for two more years before I come back.&quot; By the end of 2019, Tan earned nearly 40,000 yuan from the citrus business. Plus other income, Tan’s family has gone beyond the poverty standard. If his son-in-law can come back and inherit the citrus orchard, the family will never be in danger of returning to poverty, Qi Yunliang pondered.<br /> <br /> ==== 徐思禹 Xu Siyu ====<br /> <br /> 在另一个星期天，但那天是下午，漆云良来到李荣生家。这个家显得十分简朴——白石灰粉刷的墙壁，原木色的柜子，再加上原木色的沙发和饭桌，让整个房间显得温馨可人。跟随着这对夫妻，他来到山上的橘园。风景相当不错，但从四面八方吹来的热风直直地扑打了面颊上，让他喘不上气来。男主人47岁，中等个头，理着个小平头，皮肤是姜黄里透着黝黑的那种咖啡色。很明显，他的气色相当差——皮肤的光泽已变得钝然，虽然眉眼还算清秀，只是在额头和眼角的皱纹，却如泥土裂开般深刻。他的体型几乎不能用“精瘦”来形容，而几乎算得上“形销骨立”——套在身上的T恤衫显得松松垮垮，没有一点厚度，也没有一点分量。他的身体看起来轻飘菲薄，像个掏空了瓤子的葫芦瓢。然而，这个男人的性情却内敛而羞涩，一笑时，显露出一口白牙。然而，漆云良却见不得那男人笑——他越是笑，漆云良的心里越是酸楚。要知道，这可是位尿毒症患者啊！<br /> On another Sunday, it was afternoon when Qi Yunliang came to Li Rongsheng's house. The home looked very simple - white lime painted walls, log-colored cabinets, and a log-colored sofa and a dining table made the whole room look warm and inviting. Following the couple, he went to the orange grove on the hill. The view was quite nice, but the hot wind blowing from all directions punched straight on his cheeks and made him gasp for breath. The man is 47 years old, medium height, with a small flat haircut, his skin is ginger with a dark coffee color. Obviously, he looks quite unhealthy - the luster of the skin has become dull, although the eyes are still fairly beautiful, and the forehead and eye wrinkles are as deep as the cracked clay. His body type can hardly be described as &quot;lean&quot;, but almost &quot;bony&quot; - the T-shirt on his body seems loose, no thickness, without any weight. His body looks light and thin, like a hollowed out flesh of a gourd scoop. However, this man's temperament is introverted and shy, a smile, revealing a mouthful of white teeth. However, Qi Yunliang could not bear seeing the man smile - the more he smiled, the more sour Lac Yunliang's heart was. You know, this is a uremic patient!<br /> <br /> ==== 熊丹 Xiong Dan====<br /> <br /> 李荣生家的主要收入来源便是这山上的柑橘和三亩水稻。<br /> The main sources of income for Li Rongsheng’s family are oranges and three mu of rice on the mountain.<br /> <br /> 妻子邓渊梅才刚过而立之年，肩宽体壮，已成为全家的主劳力。<br /> His wife, Deng Yuanmei, just turned 30 years old.He has become the main labor force of the whole family with broad shoulders and a strong body. <br /> <br /> 由于常年从事重体力劳动，这个女人的脸庞被晒得黝黑发红。<br /> Her face was tanned and flushed from years of hard manual labor.<br /> <br /> 可是，她一个人只有两只手，一天从睁眼忙到天黑，累得眼前阵阵发暗，还是有一堆的活没干完。<br /> But she, a person, only has two hands, a day from open eyes busy to dark, tired eyes bursts of dark, and there still has a pile of work not finished. <br /> <br /> 无奈，他们只能被迫减少水稻的种植。然而，柑橘却不能不种——那可是全家人最重要的收入来源！<br /> They cannot help but decrease planting rice. However, the citrus have to be plant—those are the most important source of income! <br /> <br /> 由于丈夫重病，女人勉强持家，这个家成为全村唯一的一户“易返贫农户”。<br /> As for her husband’s serious illness, the woman gained a bare livelihood of family, which has become the only one in the villages &quot;easy to return to poor peasant.&quot; <br /> <br /> 在2018年时，这家人的收入甚为萧条，年收入仅有6000元。他们全家主要靠每月近2000元的低保维持生活——四个人每人每月484元。然而，橘园不能荒废——山上和田里的柑橘加在一起，足有600多棵，且不断挂果，而这些果实，是他们在2019年的全部希望。<br /> In 2018, this family’s income was very low, with an annual income of only 6000 yuan. The whole family mainly depends on a monthly allowance of 2000 yuan to maintain lives— 484 yuan per person for four people. However, the orchards cannot be left to wast—added the citrus of the mountains and fields together, which have more than 600 citrus trees, and they are bearing fruit that is all they have to hope for in 2019.<br /> <br /> ==== 谢紫佳 Xie Zijia====<br /> <br /> 给橘园施肥可是个技术活——既要看柑橘的花、叶与果实的需要，还要看天气状况。细心的果农总结出最佳的施肥时间，便是下雨的前一天。如果没有赶在这一天施肥，那么柑橘的收成便会大受影响。考虑到李荣生家缺劳力，漆云良便和这对夫妻商量，一定要在下雨前的那一天过来帮忙施肥。走进曲径通幽的橘园中时，漆云良看到园内已备好了小型抽水机、水管、水桶、高压喷枪和复合化肥。三个人便开始分工协作地干了起来——在李荣生夫妇往每棵树下洒化肥时，漆云良便拖着六十米的水管，举起水枪，朝洒有化肥的树下喷水。这边撒，那边喷，协作劳动的效率就是高！看到有些山坡实在高，无论水枪怎么喷都喷不到，他便采用最原始的办法——用桶子装上水，提着走上去再浇灌。<br /> Fertilizing orange orchards is a skilled matter - it depends on the needs of the citrus flowers, leaves and fruits, as well as on the weather conditions. Attentive farmers have concluded that the best time to apply fertilizer is the day before it rains. If the fertilizer is not applied on this day, the citrus harvest will be seriously affected. Considering the lack of labor in Li Rongsheng's family, Qi Yunliang discussed with the couple and made sure to come over on the day before the rain to help fertilize.When walking into the winding orange orchard, Qi Yunliang saw that the garden had been prepared with a small water pump, water pipes, buckets, high-pressure spray gun and compound fertilizer. The three men began to work together - when Mr. and Mrs. Li Rongsheng were sprinkling fertilizer under each tree, Qi Yunliang dragged a 60-meter pipe and raised a water gun to spray water under the trees with fertilizer.Sprinkle here, spray there, collaborative labor is highly efficiency. When he saw that some slopes were really high, no matter how the water gun could not be sprayed, he used the most primitive method - fill a bucket with water and carry it up to water again.<br /> <br /> ==== 谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou ====<br /> <br /> 他就这样一桶一桶地提着水。虽然腿成了抽去骨头的肉棍子，但他依旧用精神支撑着——只有让每一颗化肥都被水溶解，来能保证这片橘园的丰收，才能让这个家庭的日子继续下去。山上的温度越来越高，云朵像调皮的小孩从一边往另一边跑，太阳则让泡了水的化肥释放出一股浓烈的味道。忙碌干活的漆云良发现自己的嗓子干涩，怎么都吞咽不下唾沫。整个的午后，他便这样沤在潮湿的闷热中，拖着那条长蛇般的水管走来走去。他的汗水不是一滴一滴地流下来，而是像下雨般倾泻出来，令衣衫的前胸和后背全都湿漉漉，好像身上涂了一层热浆糊。他感慨自己不过是偶尔过来帮忙，可这样的活计，对这对夫妻来说，却是家常便饭。而当丈夫的，却还是一位尿毒症患者！他是职业医生，当然知道那个病意味着什么，可出现在他眼中的这对夫妻，却充满了乐观精神，从来不曾抱怨，也不曾仇恨，只是勤勉地工作，试图改变自己枯索的穷日子。<br /> He just carried water bucket by bucket. Although his legs have become flesh sticks without bones, he is still supported by his spirit - only when every fertilizer is dissolved by water can the harvest of this orange orchard be guaranteed. Only in this way can the family's life continue. The temperature on the mountain is getting higher and higher, the clouds are like naughty children running from one side to the other, and the sun makes the soaked fertilizer release a strong smell. Qi Yunliang, who was busy working, felt his throat was dry and could not swallow saliva. All afternoon, he was in such a humid and hot weather, dragging the snake like pipe around. His sweat did not trickle down drop by drop, but poured out like rain, making his chest and back all wet, as if he had been coated with hot paste. He sighed that he only came to help occasionally, but this kind of work was common to the couple and the husband is even a uremic patient! He is a professional doctor. Of course, he knows what the disease means. But the couple in his eyes are full of optimism. They never complain or hate. They just work diligently to try to change their poor days.<br /> <br /> ==== 谢茜敏 Xie Ximin====<br /> <br /> 如此勤劳的一对夫妻，何以让家庭陷入贫困陷阱？原来，疾病和学费是这个家的两大黑洞。男主人每年平均的医药费都在10万元左右，虽然可以报销95%，但家里到底还是丧失了一个主要劳动力；两个孩子的学费，也是一堵墙，死死地压在父母的肩膀上。16岁的大女儿李静，性格腼腆,就读在韶关市北江中等职业学校，每年的学费和住宿费要花3万多；10岁的小女儿李燕，性格活泼,就读于扶溪学校三年级。虽说小学的学费全免，但买文具及日常生活也是一笔不小的费用。这样零零总总算下来的数字，和卖柑橘的数字一比对，自然显得格外庞大。<br /> 为了省钱，李荣生经常一个人骑着摩托车，自己到30公里外的医院去做透析！他这样做，既省下了坐公共车的钱，也省下了妻子陪护的时间。每每想到那个画面——那位孤独的男人正骑着摩托车朝医院奔去时——漆云良的眼圈便会发红，鼻孔便会发酸，感觉泪水止不住要流下来。他佩服李荣生——看起来，这个男人看是那样得普通，然而，他却有着超越常人的坚强意志。这种罕见的生存能力像是一种天赋，在贫穷的环境里也没有遭到稀释，反而完整地保存了下来。<br /> <br /> How could such a hard-working couple trap their family in poverty? So that was because illness and tuition were two big black holes in this family. The average annual medical expenses of the male host were about 100,000 yuan. Although 95% of the expenses could be reimbursed, but the family had lost a major labor force. Two children's tuition was also a heavy wall on the parents' shoulders. The elder daughter Li Jing, aged 16, was shy and studied at Beijiang Secondary Vocational School in Shaoguan, where the tuition and accommodation cost more than 30,000 yuan per year. The youngest daughter Li Yan, aged 10, was in Grade 3 at Fuxi School. Elementary school tuition was free, but the spending for stationery and daily life was still high. Of course, compared with the sale of citrus, the various figures seemed extraordinarily large. In order to save money, Li Rongsheng often rode a motorcycle alone to the hospital 30 kilometers away to do dialysis! By doing so, he saved both money on public transport and time his wife spent with him. Every time he thought of that scene -- the lonely man riding his motorcycle toward the hospital -- Qi Yunliang’s eyes would turn red and his nostrils would turn sour. He felt his tear would nearly run down his face. He admired Li Rongsheng -- this man was seemingly so ordinary, but he had a strong will beyond ordinary people. The rare ability to survive was like a gift that wasn’t diluted in poverty, but preserved intact.<br /> <br /> ==== 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 为了帮扶这个家，他建议村里给邓渊梅解决了一个公益性岗位，每月能有1000多的收入。两个孩子，也分别享受到国家的助学补助——大女儿获得5000元的学费补助和3000元的生活补助；小女儿获得3000元生活补助。即便这样，这个家的日子依旧紧紧巴巴。在2019年年底时，漆云良发动了一场“消费扶贫、爱心奉献”的活动——由镇政府按最低成本价筹集优质大米，每袋10斤，按一袋60元销售，将销售利润捐赠给李荣生。最终，他将筹得的6800多元善款送到了李荣生家。春节时，李荣生70多岁的母亲为了表示感谢，专门给漆云良包了个50元的小红包。漆云良捏着红包，感觉鼻子阵阵发酸。这样一位老人，靠着平日里的节俭，一点一滴挤榨着一角钱两角钱，最终才攒出了这50元。他可吃不消这份厚礼，所以，他当然是坚定地退了回去，然而，老人家的一片心意他却领受了。<br /> <br /> In order to help the poor family out of poverty, he suggested that the village arranged a public service job for Deng Yuanmei, which could earn more than 1000 yuan a month. Their two children also received national grants – the elder daughter received 5000 yuan for tuition subsidy and 3000 yuan for living subsidy; The younger one received 3000 yuan for living subsidy. Even so, the family’s life was still hand-to-mouth. At the end of 2019, Qi Yunliang launched an event of “poverty alleviation through consumption, and dedication with love” – the town government bought high-quality rice at the lowest cost price, sold it at 60 yuan per bag of 5 kilograms, and donated the profits to Li Rongsheng. Finally, he sent the money of more than 6800 yuan he raised to Li’s house. During the Spring Festival, Li’s mother, who was in her 70s, wrapped a red envelope of 50 yuan for Qi Yunliang to express her thanks. While Qi pinched the red envelope, his nose felt sore. Such an old man, relying on her thrifty life, collected a dime or two bit by bit, and finally saved 50 yuan. He couldn’t receive such a big gift, and so, of course, he firmly sent it back. But he accepted the old man’s kindness.<br /> <br /> In order to help the poor family out of poverty, he suggested that the village should offer Deng a public-service jobs with a monthly income of more than 1,000 yuan. His two kids also received national grants – the elder daughter received 5000 yuan from tuition subsidy and 3000 yuan from living subsidy; the younger one received 3000 yuan from living subsidy. Even so, the family’s living condition was still hand-to-mouth. At the end of 2019, Qi Yunliang launched a movement of “poverty alleviation through consumption, and dedication through love” which means that the local government bought rice with high-quality at the lowest cost price, which was 5 kilograms per bag and donated the profits to Li Rongsheng. In the end, he sent the more than 6,800 yuan which he raised to Li Rongsheng's family. During the Spring Festival, Li Rongsheng's mother, who was in her 70s, wrapped a 50-yuan red envelope for Qi Yunliang as a token of gratitude.While Qi pinched the red envelope, his nose felt sore.Such an old woman, relying on her daily thrifty,collected a dime or two bit by bit, and finally saved 50 yuan.He couldn’t receive such a gift, and so, he firmly sent it back. But he accepted the old woman’s kindness.<br /> <br /> ==== 肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin ====<br /> <br /> 在2020年年初，漆云良从新闻里了解到东莞市的扶贫情况——通过从2016年到2019年的努力，东莞扶贫的韶关、揭阳两市的323贫困村，贫困户的生产生活条件已有了明显改善；扶贫干部帮助贫困村开展村道硬底化近2000公里，实施饮水安全工程512宗，危房改造4768户，修建广场626个，建设卫生站339个；贫困村集体平均年收入从2015年底的3.08万元增长到2019年的15.39万元，年均增长率高达49.5%。他反复阅读着这些数据，一点都不觉得枯燥。因为在这些数字里，包含着他和斜周村人的努力。<br /> <br /> At the beginning of 2020, Qi Yunliang learned from the news about the poverty alleviation situation in Dongguan City.Through the efforts from 2016 to 2019, the production and living conditions of the poverty-stricken households in the 323 poverty-stricken villages in Shaoguan and Jieyang have been improved significantly.Poverty-alleviation officials helped impoverished villages to consolidate nearly 2,000 kilometers of roads, carry out 512 cases of water safety projects, renovate 4,768 dilapidated houses, build 626 squares, and 339 health stations. The average annual income of the collective poverty-stricken villages increased from 30,800 yuan at the end of 2015 to 153,900 yuan in 2019, with an average annual growth rate of 49.5 percent. He read the data repeatedly without getting bored at all as these figures contained the joint efforts of his and the people of Xiezhou Village.<br /> <br /> At the beginning of 2020, Qi Yunliang learned from the news about the poverty alleviation situation in Dongguan City. Through the efforts from 2016 to 2019, the production and living conditions of the poverty-stricken households in the 323 poverty-stricken villages in Shaoguan and Jieyang have been improved significantly. Poverty-alleviation officials helped impoverished villages to carry out nearly 2,000 kilometers of roads, implement 512 drinking water safety projects , renovate 4,768 dilapidated houses, build 626 squares and 339 health stations. The average annual income of the collective poverty-stricken villages increased from 30,800 yuan at the end of 2015 to 153,900 yuan in 2019, with an average annual growth rate of 49.5 percent. He read the data over and over again, not bored at all because these figures contained the joint efforts of his and the people of Xizhou Village.<br /> <br /> ==== 肖娜 Xiao Na====<br /> <br /> 当他反复凝视着这句话——“危房改造4768户”时，不觉在嘴角弯起一个笑容。在这个数字里，有他的一份小贡献。那一天，他依旧是早晨5点起床，在背完汤头歌诀与《百症赋》后，即刻<br /> 出门跑步。从斜周村到扶溪镇，中间是10公里的246省道。路途中，每每遇到去赶集的村民，他们都要停下脚步，带着炫耀的神情过来问候——“漆书记，坐我的摩托车吧？”“漆书记，我稍您吧？”他向村民们摆摆手，满嘴“谢谢，不用了”，可心里却想，“人知从太守游而乐，而不知太守之乐其乐也。”路过大印头村小组时，他发现祠庙里聚集了不少村民。原来，今天是祠堂祭祀“吃庙会”的日子。现在，他对斜周村的各个村小组都已了如指掌，知道这个小组住着三四十户人家，很多年轻人都去珠江三角洲一带打工，而在祠庙里祭祀的是蔡十八郎。相传，是蔡十八郎日夜看守着锦江，守护着斜周村，才保得这里风调雨顺。每天，都有虔诚的老奶奶到庙里来烧香祭拜。<br /> <br /> When Qi repeatedly stared at this sentence--&quot;4,768 households of dilapidated housing transformation&quot;, unconsciously a smile was curved in the corner of mouth because of his samll contribution for this number. He still got up at five o'clock a.m. that day and then went running immediately after reading Recipes in Rhymes and Baizheng Fu(a composition about the treatments of various diseases) . There was provincial highway 246 about 10 kilometers from Xiezhou village to Fuxi town. Every time the villagers who went to the market met him on the way, they would stop and come over with an air of triumph to greet, &quot;Secretary Qi, take my motorcycle?&quot; he said, &quot;No,thanks.&quot; And then he would think that people only know the happiness of playing with the prefecture but they don't know he takes the tourists' joy as happiness. While passing the group of Da Yintou village, he found that not a few villagers gathered in the temple. And it turned out that today was the day for sacrificing in ancestral temple and &quot;Eating in temple fair&quot;. Nowadays, he knew all about groups of Xiezhou village and the facts that this group was made up of thirties or fourties households, and many young people came to the Pearl River Delta Region to work and Cai Shi-ba-lang (the 18th son in the Cai's family) was worshipped in the temple. Cai Shi-ba-lang, according to legend, watched over the Jin Jiang River and Xiezhou village from day and night and that was why it was good weather for crops here, therefore, there were old pious women caming to the temple to burn incense and worship every day.<br /> <br /> When Qi repeatedly stared at this sentence--&quot;4,768 households of dilapidated housing transformation&quot;, unconsciously a smile was curved in the corner of mouth because of his small contribution for this number. He still got up at five o'clock a.m. that day and then went to run immediately after reading Tang verse and Baizheng Fu (a composition about the treatments of various diseases). There was provincial highway 246 about 10 kilometers from Xiezhou village to Fuxi town. Every time the villagers who went to the market met him on the way, they would stop and come over with an air of ostentation to greet, &quot;Secretary Qi, would you like to ride my motorcycle?&quot; or &quot;Can I give you a lift?&quot;. He waved them away, &quot;No, thanks.&quot; and then he would think that people only know the happiness of playing with him but don't know he takes the villagers' joy as happiness. While passing the group of Da Yintou village, he found that a few villagers gathered in the ancestral temple. It turned out that it was the day for sacrificing. Nowadays, he knew all about groups of Xiezhou village and the facts that this group was made up of around forty households, and many young people came to the Pearl River Delta Region to work and Cai Shi-ba-lang (the 18th son in the Cai's family) was worshipped in the temple. Cai Shi-ba-lang, according to legend, watched over the Jinjiang River and Xiezhou village from day and night and that was why it was good weather for crops here. therefore, there were old pious women coming to the temple to burn incense and worship every day.<br /> <br /> ==== 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 傍晚时分，有村民来到他的住处，硬拉着他去“吃庙会”。他推辞不过，便跟着来了。只见庙前摆着七八张围桌，桌上放着饼干、花生、瓜子之类的小吃。到了下午六点，人们在锣鼓队的带领下，拿着油灯、纸符和纸船，小心翼翼地穿过公路与农田，来到锦江边。在起誓祈祷、敬献公鸡之后，又点燃纸船里的灯芯，燃放鞭炮，放船归海，祈求在家者人畜兴旺，在外者事业有成。这个偏僻的粤北小村虽不富裕，可人们却勤劳地经营着每一天，内心充满虔敬。这种气氛深深感染着人群中漆云良，让他觉得自己像一粒盐，已彻底融入小村的日常生活。从河边返回就餐时，他发现自己与大印头村民林辉南同桌。老林有一张褐黄色的脸庞，在村里也算是德高望重的人物。一看到漆书记，老林即刻争着给他添饭，而他则赶忙起身道谢。原来，老林的妻子是漆云良的学院，每周三都跟着他学打太极，所以总是在丈夫面前夸赞漆书记，说他是“在泥土里做实事的人。”故而，两个人一见面，无需用九曲十八弯的方式建立友谊，即刻便熟络起来。其后，漆云良便和老林一家时常走动，关系甚为融洽。<br /> <br /> In the evening, some villagers came to Qi’s residence and forced him to go to the temple fair. He could not decline so he followed. There were tables in front of the temple, with cookies, peanuts, melon seeds and other snacks on them. At 18 o’clock, led by a drum and gong band, people carrying oil lamps, paper talismans and paper boats, walked carefully across roads and farmland to the edge of the Jinjiang River. After taking the oath to pray and sacrificing the rooster, they lit the wick in the paper boat, set off firecrackers and set the boat back to the sea, praying for the growth of population and thrived stock breeding in village and successful career of people who went to outside for work. This remote village in northern Guangdong is not rich, but the people here work hard every day with piety. This atmosphere deeply infected Qi in the crowd. He felt himself like salt in a sea, who has been thoroughly integrated into the village's daily life. Returning from the river for dinner, he found himself at the same table as Lin Huinan, a villager from Dayintou. Lin had a brownish-yellow face and was a highly respected figure in the village. Upon seeing Secretary Qi, Lin scrambled to serve him in dinner, while Qi got up quickly to thank him. It turned out that Lin's wife was a student of Qi and learned tai chi with him every Wednesday, so she always praised him, saying that he was a man who does solid work in the village. Therefore, when two people met, there was no need to establish friendship in the way of complex social intercourse, and they immediately became familiar with each other. Afterwards, Qi and the Lin family kept in touch and got on well with each other.<br /> <br /> In the evening, some villagers came to Qi’s residence and invited him enthusiastically to the temple fair. He could not decline so he went there. In front of the temple, there were tables with cookies, peanuts, fried melon seeds and other snacks on them. At 6 p.m.,following a drum and gong band, people walked slowly across roads and farmland to the bank of the Jinjiang River with oil lamps, paper talismans and paper boats in their hands. After taking an oath and killing a rooster as sacrifice, they they lit the candles in paper boats and set off firecrackers. Watching the paper boats flowing to the sea, they prayed for the growth of population and thrived stock breeding in the village and success of people who worked outside. In this remote village in northern Guangdong,  local people cherished each day though they were not rich. Their love for life touched Qi deeply. He felt himself like a drop of rain falling into a river,thoroughly integrated into the life in the village. Returning from the river for dinner, he found himself at the same table with Lin Huinan, a villager from Dayintou. Lin had a brownish-yellow face and was highly respected in the village. Upon seeing Qi, Lin scrambled to serve him during the meal, while Qi got up quickly to thank him. It turned out that Lin's wife learned tai chi from Qi every Wednesday, so she always praised him, saying that he was a man who did do solid work in the village. Therefore, Lin and Qi soon became familiar with each other with no need of complex social intercourse. Afterwards, Qi and the Lin family kept in contact and got on well with each other.<br /> <br /> ==== 向明慧 Xiang Minghui====<br /> <br /> “漆书记有广泛的群众基础啊！”这话可不是别人说的，而是扶溪镇的祝向恩书记说的。他请漆云良来帮忙：“漆书记，旧房改造的事要拜托你了。”拆旧房是个极为难办的事。譬如——大印头村民林辉南，他在村里已建有新房，墙壁雪白，地上还铺了地板砖。然而，那处旧的泥砖房一直闲置着，又黑又破，在路边显得十分扎眼。虽然这屋子完全符合拆除泥砖房的范畴，但村委和镇政府的人想给老林做工作时，他一律避而不见；再譬如——西坑村的贫困户聂球生家，有一座泥砖房已是岌岌可危，侧旁还用树头支撑着。虽然村干部给他说了很多次，但他却油盐不进，就是不拆。<br /> <br /> “Secretary Qi is trusted by villagers!” Secretary Zhu Xiang’en of Fuxi Town commented.“Secretary Qi, you must help to persuade villagers to renovate their old houses.” Zhu asked. It was difficult to fulfill Zhu’s request as some villagers were reluctant to tear down their old dwellings. Lin Huinan, from Dayintou Village, had already built a new apartment which boasted clean walls and good floor tiles. Yet his previous shabby dark house stood by the road conspicuously. It obviously accorded with the standard of old dwellings to be pulled down. However, Lin would hide from the clerks of the village committee and the town government. Nie Qiusheng, a poor man in Xikeng Village, had a teetering mud-brick house propped by trunks. He refused to knock down it despite times of persuasion by villager cadres.<br /> <br /> <br /> “Secretary Qi has an extensive foundation with the mass!” These words were spoken by none other than Secretary Zhu Xianghan of Fuxi Town. “Secretary Qi, you must help to persuade villagers to renovate their old houses.”, Zhu asked Qi Yunliang to help him and said. It was difficult to fulfill Zhu’s request as some villagers were reluctant to tear down their old dwellings. Lin Huinan, from Dayintou Village, had already built a new apartment which boasted clean walls and good floor tiles. Yet his previous shabby dark house stood by the road conspicuously. It obviously accorded with the standard of old dwellings to be pulled down. However, Lin hid from the clerks of the village committee and the town government. Nie Qiusheng, a poor man in Xikeng Village, had a teetering mud-brick house propped by trunks. He refused to knock down it despite times of persuasion by villager cadres.<br /> <br /> ==== 夏紫纯 Xia Zichun====<br /> <br /> <br /> 漆云良接受了这个任务后，决定先找老林谈。老林已60开外，平日在县城里照顾孙子，难得一见。他的三个儿子都已结婚，且都在县城买了新房。他在村里的旧房一直闲置着，养些鸡和鸭。趁着老林回村时，漆云良便登门拜访，顺便将旧房改造的事也提了出来。老林也坦然地说了自己的顾虑，然而，当听到漆云良的解释后，他马上笑逐颜开地点头答应：“没问题！”老林信任漆云良信任，所以把心里的疙瘩全都抖了出来：“我是害怕自己拆了房，政策又变了！”漆云良马上表示：“政策绝对不会变！”漆云良进一步解释：“现在你拆房完全符合政策，是有补助的，可是过了这个时候拆，那就没有补助了。”看到老林还在犹豫，他便拿出了定心丸：“你如果相信我，我便以私人名义，先资助你一些拆除泥砖房的费用，然后咱们在签个担保书，我保证你能拿到补助！”老林的眼睛活络了起来，目光聚成了一道闪电：“当真？”漆云良说：“我们可以找个见证人啊！”老林这才放心地说：“只要是你漆书记讲的，我就可以！”当天晚上，漆云良带着保人，拿上约定好的现金、担保书和签字收据来到老林家，老林便痛痛快快地签了字。<br /> <br /> After accepting this task, Qi Yunliang decided to talk to Lin first. Over 60 years old, Lin has been taking care of his grandson in the city and it is difficult to see him once. His three sons have all been married and bought their own new houses in the city. His old house in the village has been idle, only some chickens and ducks raised in it. When Lin returned to the village, Qi Yunliang came to visit and mentioned the renovation of the old house by the way. Lin openly expressed his own concerns, however, when he heard Qi YunLiang’s explanation, he immediately smiled, nodding and promising:“No problem.”Lin trust QiYunLiang, so he poured out all the concerns of his heart. Qi Yunliang immediately said: “The policy will never change!” Qi Yunliang further explained, “The demolition of the house is completely in line with the policy now, and we will get subsidies. But after this period of time, there will be no subsidies.” Seeing that Lin was still hesitated, he made a promise and said, “ If you believe me, I’ll personally subsidize you to demolish the mud-brick house, and then we’ll sign a letter of guarantee to guarantee that you’ll get the subsidy!” Lin’s eyes lit up, eyelights gathered like a flash of lightning, and said, “Do you mean it?” Qi Yunliang said, “We can find a witness!” Only then did Lin felt at ease and said, “As long as it’s what you said as a secretary, I'll agree!” That night, Qi Yunliang brought the guarantor, took the agreed cash, guarantee letter and signature receipt to Lin’s house, and Lin gladly signed the agreement.<br /> <br /> After accepting this task, Qi Yunliang decided to talk to Lin first. Over 60 years old, Lin has been taking care of his grandson in the city and it is difficult to see him once. His three sons have all been married and bought their own new houses in the city. His old house in the village has been idle, only some chickens and ducks raised in it. When Lin returned to the village, Qi Yunliang came to visit and mentioned the renovation of the old house by the way. Lin openly expressed his own concerns, however, when he heard Qi YunLiang’s explanation, he immediately smiled, nodding and promising: “No problem.” Lin trusts QiYunLiang, so he poured out all his worries. Qi Yunliang immediately said: “The policy will never change!” Qi Yunliang further explained, “The demolition of the house is completely in line with the policy now, and we will get subsidies. But if you miss out on this chance, there will be no subsidies.” Seeing that Lin still hesitated, he made a promise, saying, “ If you believe me, I’ll personally subsidize you to demolish the mud-brick house, and then we’ll sign a letter of guarantee so that you’ll get the subsidy!” Lin lit up his eyes, eyelights gathered like a flash of lightning, asking, “Do you mean it?” Qi said, “We can find a witness!” Only then did Lin felt at ease and said, “I'll agree with anything you say!” That night, Qi Yunliang went to Lin’s house along with the guarantor, took the agreed cash, guarantee letter and signature receipt, and Lin gladly signed the agreement.<br /> <br /> ==== 夏依颐 Xia Yiyi====<br /> <br /> 当漆云良来到西坑村小组时，看到这里绿荫低吟，清溪垂唱，静谧秀美，温情平实，真是好一幅粤北乡村水墨画！然而，当他把视线投向聂球生的家时，总感觉不和谐——那栋泥砖房不仅破旧不堪，且歪歪扭扭，侧墙上用树杆撑着，几近坍塌。当漆云良敲开聂球生的家门时，张嘴说的第一句话说却是“老母亲的身体最近如何？”他先为老人家量了血压，又叮嘱她好生休养，又给做儿子的也量了血压，叮嘱他吃饭要少盐少油，平时要少喝酒。然后话题一转，他开始表扬男主人是村里脱贫致富的产业带头人：“你看看，柑橘种了800多棵，家里鸡鸭成群，今年的收入肯定不错，我是真心为你感到骄傲啊！”看到男主人脸上露出笑意，他便适时跟进：“现在，你大儿子参加了工作，每月也有5000元工资，很不错啊！”<br /> <br /> When Qi Yunliang came to the Xikeng village, he saw the green shade and the clear stream, quiet, beautiful and warm. It is a magnificent ink painting featuring rural northern Guangdong! Nevertheless, when casting his eyes on Nie Qiusheng's house, he found it incompatible - the mud-brick house was dilapidated and crooked, and the side walls were nearly collapsed propped up with tree poles. When Qi knocked on Nie's door, he first said, &quot;How’s your mother going these days?&quot; He would first take her blood pressure and urge her to take good care of herself, and then take his son's blood pressure, urging him to eat with less salt and oil, and to drink less. Then the topic changed, and he began to praise him as the industry leader in lifting out of poverty in the village: &quot;Look, with over 800 orange trees and many chickens and ducks, income for this year must be nice, I am truly proud of you!&quot; Seeing Nie’s face smiling, he said: &quot;Now, your eldest son has a job with a monthly salary of 5,000 yuan, which is very good!&quot;<br /> <br /> When Qi Yunliang came to the Xikeng village, he saw the green shade and the clear stream, quiet, beautiful and warm. It is a magnificent ink painting featuring rural northern Guangdong! Nevertheless, when casting his eyes on Nie Qiusheng's house, he found it incompatible - the mud-brick house was dilapidated and crooked, and the side walls were nearly collapsed propped up with tree poles. When Qi knocked on Nie's door, he first said, &quot;How’s your mother going these days?&quot; He would first take his blood pressure and urge him to take good care of himself, and then take his son's blood pressure, urging him to eat with less salt and oil, and to drink less. Then the topic changed, and he began to praise him as the industry leader in lifting out of poverty in the village: &quot;Look, with over 800 orange trees and many chickens and ducks, income for this year must be nice, I am truly proud of you!&quot; Seeing Nie’s face smiling, he said: &quot;Now, your eldest son has a job with a monthly salary of 5,000 yuan, which is very good!&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== 夏盼 Xia Pan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 看到老聂愈发变得笑吟吟起来后，漆云良才把话题挑明：“老聂，你家那旧砖房没有人住，已经破得墙都歪了，很危险，能不能配合镇里危房改造的工作，把它拆了呢？”聂球生的笑容僵硬在脸上，脸皮颤抖了起来，像有针在扎他。他将声调降了几度：“漆书记，你是不知道啊，那屋子里不仅放了很多杂物，还有老人家的棺木啊！”随后，他又添了句：“而且，那房子是我小弟的，他现在住在仁化县城呢。”漆云良点点头：“即便是你小弟的，你也可以给他做做工作嘛！”看老聂不动声色，漆云良心生一计：“来来来，老聂，咱们今天来算一笔账！这三年，国家每年给你家的支助有7万元！你家盖的这栋红砖房，国家还补助了4万元！”见老聂点头，漆云良又说：“拆除旧房，虽然会给你带来一时的麻烦，但却改变了村容村貌，让咱们村子变得美丽！况且，拆旧房国家还有补助。咱们做人要懂得感恩啊！”老聂的脸红一阵白一阵。他思忖了一下说：“漆书记，你放心，等下个月的农历初一，我把棺材搬到别的地方。我小弟的思想工作，也由我来做！”<br /> <br /> Seeing that Nie was smiling, Qi Yunliang brought up the topic: &quot;Nie, there is no one living in your old brick house, and the walls are crooked. It is very dangerous. Can you cooperate with the town governmwnt?&quot; How about demolishing the dilapidated house renovation work?&quot; Nie Qiusheng's smile froze on his face, and his face trembled, as if a needle was pricking him. He lowered his voice a few degrees: &quot;Secretary Qi, you don't know that there are not only a lot of sundries in that room, but also the coffin of the old man!&quot; Then he added: &quot;And, that house is My young brother’s, he lives in Renhua County now.” Qi Yunliang nodded: “Even if it’s your little brother’s, you can still persuade him!” Seeing Nie’s cool expression, Qi think about something and say: &quot;Come on, Nie, let's do a calculation today! In the past three years, the state has given your family 70,000 yuan every year! For the red brick house your family built, the state also subsidized 40,000 yuan. Ten thousand yuan!&quot; Seeing Nie nodding, Qi Yunliang said again: &quot;Demolition of old houses will bring you temporary troubles, but it will change the appearance of the village and make our village more beautiful! Besides, demolition of old houses There are subsidies from the state. We must know how to be grateful!&quot; Nie turned embarrased. He thought for a while and said: &quot;Secretary Qi, don't worry, I will move the coffin to another place on the first day of the Lunar New Year next month. I will also persuade my brother to cooperate with you!&quot;<br /> <br /> == Part 27 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 席书涵 Xi Shuhan ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 又一个粤北乡村的夜晚<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 从西坑村小组走出后，夜已经很深了。月光中，那条黄泥小路一直在漆云良的眼前蜿蜒着。他走过去后，转了一个弯，又出现了另一条黄泥小路，好像那小路永远都走不完。被露水湿润了的泥土散发着微微的土腥气，让他深深地呼了一口气，又缓缓地吐纳了出去。他的脚踩在浮土上，发出窸窸窣窣的响声，心里有种无可名状的快感。就在刚才，他从手机屏幕上看到了这样一条消息——“截至2019年底，东莞市脱贫攻坚目标任务接近完成，累计实现脱贫1.5万户5.16万人，贫困人口脱贫率达99.57%；启动集体经济增收项目618个，帮扶323个贫困村集体平均年收入从2015年的3.08万元增加到2019年的15.39万元；东莞市同时帮扶云南昭通市。人口19.12万人次。帮扶协作项目受惠，覆盖人群超过80万人，使昭通市6个国家级贫困县中有5个已实现脱贫摘帽。”—— 他发觉自己的面颊变得温润濡湿。他知道，到2020年，让贫困人口全部脱贫，让贫困村全部摘帽的工程一定能100%完成！<br /> <br /> Another night in the village of Northern Guangdong. It has been late at night when Qi Yunliang left the Xi Keng Village Group. Bathed in the moonlight, a yellow mud road winds its way before him. However, when he approached to the end and made a turn, another yellow mud road appeared, leading to no end.The mosit mud giving out faint earthy smell, he took a deep breath and then exhaled it slowly. Stepping on the surface dust, listening the shuffling under feet, a undescrible pleasure climbed on his heart. Just now, he came across such a message on his phone: By the end of 2019, the battle aginst poverty was nearly to witness its win in Dong Guan. 15,000 households and 51,600 people was lifted out of poverty and the poverty alleviation rate of the poor has reached 99.57%. Dong Guan launched 618 collective economic projects for increasing income and provided assitance for 323 poverty-striken villages, the anverage collective annual income of which has increased from 30,800 yuan in 2015 to 153,900 yuan in 2019. At the same time, Dong Guan financially assisted Shao Tong city in Yunnan province, benefiting 191,200 people. Supportive and jointly-operated projects which benefiting over 0.8 million people has helped five national level poverty-striken counties out of the six in Shao Tong achieve poverty alleviation. Seeing that he felt his cheek has been wet. He knew, by the end of 2020, the mission to lift all poverty-striken population and villages out of poverty will be 100% completed.<br /> <br /> Another night in the village of Northern Guangdong. It has been late at night when Qi Yunliang left the Xi Keng Village Group. Bathed in the moonlight, a yellow mud road winds its way before him. However,When he reached it, he turned a corner and there was another yellow mud path that seemed to last forever.The mosit mud giving out faint earthy smell, he took a deep breath and then exhaled it slowly. Stepping on the surface dust, listening the shuffling under feet, a undescrible pleasure climbed on his heart. Just now, he came across such a message on his phone: By the end of 2019, the battle aginst poverty was nearly to witness its win in Dong Guan. 15,000 households and 51,600 people was lifted out of poverty and the poverty alleviation rate of the poor has reached 99.57%. Dong Guan launched 618 collective economic projects for increasing income and provided assitance for 323 poverty-striken villages, the anverage collective annual income of which has increased from 30,800 yuan in 2015 to 153,900 yuan in 2019.Dongguan City is also helping Yunnan's Zhaotong city. The population is 191,200. The project has benefited more than 800,000 people, and five of the six national-level poverty-stricken counties in Zhaotong have been lifted out of poverty.&quot; He found his cheeks warm and moist.Seeing that he felt his cheek has been wet. He knew, by the end of 2020, the mission to lift all poverty-striken population and villages out of poverty will be 100% completed.<br /> <br /> ==== 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli====<br /> <br /> 此时此刻的斜周村，美得像一幅摄影作品——青黝黝的天空上，高挂着一弯新月；一栋栋农舍，像一块块巧克力蛋糕；窗户里的点点灯火，像一颗颗晶莹的珍珠。呼哧！一蓬热风吹来，将树叶晃得哗啦啦直响，也将漆云良的眼睛吹得朦朦胧胧。蓦然间，他想起自己来到小村的第一个夜晚。那时，他站村委的门口处，看到的是一幅岭南乡村的水墨画；现在，他行走在这图画中，已成为风景里不可或缺的一分子。他知道，自己已将生命中最好的那部分留在了这里；他知道，在度过了这些日日夜夜后，他已彻底地变成了一个斜周村人！<br /> <br /> 第三章 海丰红色村庄的扶贫行动<br /> <br /> At this moment, the village is as beautiful as a photographic work. A crescent moon in a clear blue sky; Farmhouses like chocolate cake; The little lights in the window are like crystal pearls. &quot;Hoo&quot;, a hot wind blowing, the leaves will shake the hubbub ring, also will paint Yun Liang's eyes blowing hazy. Suddenly he remembered his first night in the village. At that time, he stood at the gate of the village committee and saw an ink painting of the Lingnan countryside. Now he walks in the picture and becomes an integral part of the landscape. He knew that he had left the best part of his life behind; He knew that after all these days and nights he had become a man of the crooked village!<br /> <br /> The third chapter is the poverty alleviation action of Haifeng Red Village<br /> <br /> ==== 吴敏 Wu Min====<br /> <br /> 从东莞虎门高铁站出发到汕尾，要一个多小时。车厢干净而整洁，空间宽敞，每个人都有自己专属的座位，还有放行李的地方。火车像一头刚刚苏醒的雄狮，鼓足马力，加速前进。汕尾高铁站营造出一种现代主义的简约风格——干净、明亮、有序。从这里出发的公交车，用一个小时将你带到了海丰县。显然，县城是一个与高铁站完全不同的地方——在炽烈的阳光下，人潮和摩托车流混合交响，令十字路口呈现出一派无序的喧嚣。<br /> <br /> It takes more than an hour to travel from Humen High-speed railway station in Dongguan to Shanwei high-speed railway station. The train carriages are clean and tidy, spacious, with everyone having their own seat and a place to put their luggage. The train is like a newly awakened lion, mustering all its strength and speeding up. The Shanwei high-speed railway station creates a simple style with modernism - clean, bright and organised. The bus from here takes you to Haifeng county in an hour. Obviously, the county town is a completely different place from the high-speed railway station - a mix of people and motorbike traffic flow in the blazing sunshine harmoniously makes for a disorderly hustle and bustle at the crossroads.<br /> <br /> From Humen High-speed railway station in Dongguan to Shanwei high-speed railway station, it takes more than an hour. The train carriages are clean and tidy and enjoy an air of spaciousness so that everyone has their own seat and a place to put their luggage. The train is like a newly awakened lion, mustering all its strength and accelerating forward. The Shanwei high-speed railway station creates modernist simplicity -- clean, bright, and orderly. The bus from here takes you to Haifeng County in an hour. Obviously, the county town is a completely different place from the high-speed railway station -- a symphony of crowds and motorbike traffic flow in the blazing sunshine leads to a disorderly hustle and bustle at the crossroads.<br /> <br /> ==== 伍超穎 Wu Chaoying====<br /> <br /> 海丰是一片充满神秘感的粤东之地。当你踏入这座小城，好像进入了英国中世纪时的那些城镇，你和历史已相互交融在一起，然而，这里却没有英国的寒冷，而是一片充满燠热和潮湿的地方。这个位于广东东南的县城，其名字取自于“南海物丰”，已沿用了2000多年。这座岭南小城是陆地最后的疆界——弯弯曲曲的海岸线像遮阳帽的边缘，而丰沛的水汽和炙热的阳光，激发着植物的生长，调节着气流的循环，和干燥缺水的西北恰好相反。这里不可能发生北方冬天深入骨髓的寒冷，这里到处都蕴藏着旺盛的繁殖力——暴雨和高温，硕大的榕树和木棉树，随处可见的香蕉树和鸡蛋花树，成群的鸡、鸭、鹅。这片大地有着极强的愈合能力。那些因开路或盖房子而暴露出来的地面，闪着古怪的肉红色，然而很快，绿色植被便将那些伤痕迅速覆盖。<br /> <br /> Haifeng is a mysterious place in eastern Guangdong. When you step into this small town, it is like stepping into those medieval towns in the UK, you have a real connection to history. However, it is not as cold as the UK, but a place full of heat and humidity. This town in southeastern Guangdong takes its name from &quot;the South China Sea is blessed with natural treasures&quot;, which has been used for more than 2,000 years. This small town in Linnan (South of the Five Ridges) is the last frontier of the land - the squiggling coastline is like the edge of a sun hat, and the abundant moisture and hot sunshine stimulate the growth of plants and regulate the circulation of air currents, just the opposite of the dry and water-scarce northwest. Unlike the biting air of the northern winters, here is full of life and everything is thriving -- torrential rain and heat, huge banyan and kapok trees, ubiquitous banana and frangipani trees, flocks of chickens, ducks and geese. This land has excellent self-healing ability -- The ground exposed by cutting paths or building houses glows with a strange flesh pink, and soon, the green vegetation would quickly heal the scars.<br /> <br /> Haifeng is a land of mystery in eastern Guangdong. When you step into this town, it's like entering one of those medieval English towns, and you are intertwined with the history here. It is not, however, as cold as England. It is a sultry and damp place. Tis county in the southeast of Guangdong province, was named after &quot;Nanhai Wufeng&quot; (which means the South China Sea is abundant in resources), and it has been used for more than 2,000 years. This small Lingnan town is the last frontier of the land -- its curving coastline is like the edge of a sunbonnet, and its abundant water vapor and scorching sunlight stimulate plant growth and regulate the circulation of air currents, which is quite a contrary to the dry northwestern China. There is no place for the bone-penetrating cold like the winter in northern China, but there is much fertility here and there -- torrential rain and heat, huge banyan and kapok trees, banana and frangipani trees everywhere, and flocks of chickens, ducks and geese. This land has a remarkable healing power. The ground, pushed out by roads or houses, glowed a strange fleshy red, but soon the vegetation will quickly cover those scars.<br /> <br /> ==== 吴博涵 Wu Bohan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 旅行让你的身体交换了空间，去经历一些预想不到的事物。现在，你站在楼上凝视凌晨的县城——太阳还没有升起，上坡呈现棕色曲线，栋栋楼房雾霭中影影绰绰；白天时分，整个县城交通繁忙，人群川流；夜晚，大排档冒出炊烟，人们在一碗麻鱼粥的抚慰中，将劳作带来的辛苦一扫而光，安然入睡。然而在这座县城里，你总感觉如履薄冰——因为你听不懂这里的方言，所以你无法和人们顺畅交流。让你试图探听那些奇怪的福佬话时，好像侵犯了他人的领地，试图进入另一个世界，另一个区域，另一种文明形态。在这座县城里，你总能感觉到一种强烈的疏离感现在，好像自己来到了世界尽头的某个地方，某个穷尽了所有可能性的地方。<br /> <br /> Traveling allows your body to get a spatial change and experience unexpected things. Now you're standing upstairs, staring at the county in the early hours of the morning --the sun hasn't risen yet, the slopes were curved in brown and the buildings were shadowy in the mist. During the day, the whole county presents busy traffic and the crowd hustle and bustle; at night, cooking steam comes out of the food stall. People sweep away the tiredness from the hard work and sleep peacefully in the comfort of a bowl of fish porridge. But in this county, you always feel like you're treading on thin ice -- you can't communicate with people because you don't understand the dialect here. When you are trying to understand the strange Hokkien, it makes you feel like you're invading someone else's territory, trying to enter another world, another region, another form of civilization. You can always feel a strong sense of alienation in this county. Now you feel like you are in some place at the end of the world, somewhere that all possibilities have been denied.<br /> <br /> Traveling allows your body to get a spatial change and experience some unexpected things. Now you're standing upstairs, staring at the county in the early hours of the morning --the sun hasn't risen yet, the slopes were curved in brown and the buildings were shadowy in the mist. During the day, the whole county presents busy traffic, and the crowd hustles and bustles; at night, cooking steam comes out of the food stall. People sweep away the tiredness from the hard work and sleep peacefully in the comfort of a bowl of fish porridge. But in this county, you always feel like you're treading on thin ice -- you can't communicate with people because you don't understand the dialect here. When you are trying to understand the strange Hokkien, it makes you feel like you're invading someone else's territory, trying to enter another world, another region, and another form of civilization. You can always feel a strong sense of alienation in this county. Now you feel like you are in some place at the end of the world, somewhere that all possibilities have been denied.(Wang Zhiling)<br /> <br /> ==== 王智灵 Wang Zhiling====<br /> <br /> 一个人的海丰<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 在海丰，历史是以叠缩的方式存在着的——你不仅可以目睹到的是当下，还可以目睹到包括100年前的那段历史。这座县城像一个虚悬在时间中的城堡，依旧延续着革命的喧嚣。海丰是广东省的红都——周恩来、贺龙、刘伯承、徐向前等老一辈革命家都曾在这里留下过足迹；海丰还是一个充满象征意味的城市——就像伦敦现在依旧是狄更斯的伦敦那样，海丰现在依旧是彭湃的海丰。穿过大街小巷，走过鳞次栉比的小店，挤在熙来攘往的市场中，你都无法逃出彭湃的眼神。在海丰，彭湃无处不在——他的名字出现在人们的闲谈中，也出现在学校、医院和公园的牌匾中。彭湃出生在这块南海边的土地上，他当然热爱自己的故乡，然而，他的热爱和别人不同——因为他看到了故乡痛苦病灶的原因。作为海丰最优秀的青年，彭湃为这座县城带来了巨大的改变。所以如果你如果不了解彭湃，你便无法了解海丰——海丰的特点，便是彭湃的特点。<br /> Alone in Haifeng <br /> In Haifeng, history exists in a telescoping way——you can witness not only the present but also the history of 100 years ago. This county is like a mere illusion in the time of the castle, still continuing the hustle and bustle of the revolution. Haifeng is the ancient capital of the red revolution of Guangdong Province. Zhou Enlai, He Long, Liu Bocheng, Xu Xiangqian, and other older revolutionaries have all left footprints here. Haifeng is also a symbolic city——just as London is still Dickens' London, Haifeng is still Pengpai's Haifeng. Through the streets and alleys, through rows of shops, crowded in bustling markets, you can not escape the eyes of Peng Pai. In Haifeng, Peng Pai is everywhere-his name appears in people's gossip, and also on plaques in schools, hospitals and parks. Peng Pai was born in this land by the South China Sea. Of course, he loves his hometown, but his love is different from others because he sees the cause of the painful lesions in his hometown. As the best youth in Haifeng, Peng Pai has brought great changes to this county. So if you don't know Peng Pai, you cannot know Haifeng—— Haifeng is characterized by the feature of Pengpai.<br /> <br /> ==== 王植碧 Wang Zhibi====<br /> <br /> 你终于看到了那两个大字——红场。红场像一扇中国革命史的最初之门——后来的一切，都要从这扇门开始。在这里建立起的苏维埃政权，是中国历史上的第一个县级苏维埃政权。你被这<br /> 里的红色深深震撼住——红色的街道，红色的墙壁，红色的大门。耀眼的红色形成强烈的视觉刺激，让你浑身一凛，肃然起敬。挺立在红场上的雕塑并不高大，但却十分传神——那个年轻人穿着西装，头发被吹起，正放眼远眺。他似乎已看到了一个完全不同的世界，所以，他显得信心十足。他的面孔格外清秀柔美，甚至还带着点天真与顽皮。这个一个看似没有城府，充满青春朝气的男人，居然干出了翻天覆地的大事。<br /> <br /> You finally see the two characters - Red Square. Red Square is like the first door of the Chinese revolutionary history - everything that follows must start from this door. The Soviet regime established here is the first county-level Soviet regime in Chinese history. You are deeply shocked by the red here - red streets, red walls, red gates. The dazzling red color brings a strong visual stimulus, which makes you feel awe inspiring. The sculpture standing on the Red Square is not tall, but it is very vivid - the young man is wearing a suit and his hair is blown up, looking into the distance. He seems to have seen a completely different world, so he seems confident. His face is particularly delicate, and even a little naive and naughty. This man, who seems to have no shrewdness and is full of youthful vigor, has done earth shaking things<br /> <br /> ==== 王雅姝 Wang Yashu====<br /> <br /> 在彭湃的一生中，最能体现其革命精神的，便是他对贫穷的态度。贫穷在南海边的这块红土地上，不仅激起了滚滚的热泪，更激起了愤怒的声讨和剧烈的变革。彭湃虽然只有33的阳寿，但他却穷一生之力，为穷人呐喊。他的理想生活是——“让所有农民都能有田种，有书读，有房住”。在红场的围墙上，有一面浮“彭湃烧田契”的浮雕。你看到年轻的彭湃高举火把，而脚下箱子里的田契已被烧着，四周农民皆以佩服的目光打量着他。彭湃此举惊世骇俗，不仅震惊了整个中国历史，连世界历史也要为之一颤。当他点着田契时，不仅烧光了一堆写着字的纸，还照亮了那个时代的秘密。在那时的阶级体制中，阶级意识早已根深蒂固，每个人都深谙自己的角色。若有人稍稍逸轨也是被允许的，因为大家都知道，那个人不可能彻底地摆脱他的阶级属性。然而，若一位地主之子试图排斥父辈们的惯常做法，甚至用一把火烧掉田契，让农民不再交租，那便是站在了自己阶级的对立面，会被整个阶级所彻底抛弃。在火光中，彭湃变成了一个簇新的人——一个充满理想，愿意为理想而付诸实践，并最终死于理想的人。<br /> <br /> ==== 汪世博 Wang Shibo====<br /> <br /> 1922年，从日本早稻田大学政治经济系毕业归来的彭湃，深入海丰县的各个农村，开始从事起农民运动。此前，他也曾深入到日本农村搞调查，然而，他在故乡所看到的贫困令他大为震惊。那时候，生活在海陆丰一带的农民日子极其困苦，不仅是因为高额的地租、高利的盘剥、苛捐和杂税如羊毛般层出不穷，而且，遇到台风暴雨等自然灾害，田主也不免田租，使农民的生活雪上加霜。那时候的农民文化程度都很低，大多数人连自己的名字都不会写，如果和田主打起官司来，输掉的总是农民。故而，那些胼手砥足劳作的人们辛苦四季，还是挣扎在贫困的陷阱中。“山歌一唱闹嚷嚷，农民兄弟真凄凉！早晨食碗番薯粥，夜晚食碗番薯汤。半饥半饱饿断肠，住间厝仔无有梁。搭起两间草寮屋，七穿八漏透月光。”<br /> <br /> ==== 王琪 Wang Qi====<br /> <br /> 就在这个的时刻，彭湃来了。他说：“这是帝王乡，谁敢高唱革命歌？哦，就是我。”他还说：“不劳动的人不应该吃饭！”彭湃试图剖析那死水般停滞而腐朽的社会，探索农民辛苦种地反而吃不饱的病因在哪里。作为观察家，彭湃在一般人熟视无睹的现象背后，看到了一个巨大的秘密——农民为什么这么穷？原来，地主阶级就像可怕的寄生虫，叮在农民身上吸血抽髓。彭湃之所以伟大，和他的观察方式与一般人不同有关——他从不刻意回避矛盾，也从不让单线思维困扰住自己；他不仅观察故乡这块土地，还反思整个中国及全世界所面临的土地问题；他将东方和西方的情况进行比对，用批判的眼光对中国问题进行分析；同时，彭湃不是一个囿于书桌的空想主义者，而是一个勇于走向现实的伟大践行者。当他观察到那些令人不安的贫穷现象时，并没有独善其身地躲进小楼成一统，反而走向劳苦大众，试图在实践中探索出一条解决之路。<br /> <br /> At this very moment, Peng Pai came. He said, &quot;This is home to the imperial, who dares to sing revolutionary songs here? Oh, it's me.&quot; He also said, &quot;Those who don't work shouldn't eat!&quot; Peng Pai tried to dissect the backwaters-like society, which was stagnant and decaying, and to find out the painful cause that led to the starvation of peasants, even though they worked so hard in the fields.As an observer, Peng Pai discovered a great secret behind the phenomenon that people generally ignored - why were the peasants so poor? It turned out that the landlord class was stinging on the peasants and sucking their blood and marrow, just like those disgusting parasites.It was Peng Pai's unique way of observation that made him remarkable - he never tried to avoid contradictions and could always get out of one-dimensional thinking; he not only observed the land in his hometown, but also reflected on the land problems of the whole China, and even the whole world; he compared the situation in the East with that in the West, and analyzed Chinese problems in a critical perspective; at the same time, Peng was not an idealist but a great practitioner brave enough to step into reality.When he observed the disquieting phenomenon of poverty, he did not hide alone to stand aloof, but went to the working class and tried to find out solutions in practice.<br /> <br /> At this very moment, Peng Pai came. He said, &quot;This is home to the imperial, who dares to sing revolutionary songs here? Oh, it's me.&quot; He also said, &quot;Those who don't work shouldn't eat!&quot; Peng Pai tried to dissect the backwaters-like society, which was stagnant and decaying, and to find out the painful cause that led to the starvation of peasants, even though they worked so hard in the fields. As an observer, Peng Pai discovered a great secret behind the phenomenon that people generally ignored - why were the peasants so poor? It turned out that the landlord class was stinging on the peasants and sucking their blood and marrow, just like those disgusting parasites. It was Peng Pai's unique way of observation that made him remarkable - he never tried to avoid contradictions and could always get out of one-dimensional thinking; he not only observed the land of his hometown, but also reflected on the land problems of the whole China, and even the whole world; he compared the situation in the East with that in the West, and analyzed Chinese problems in a critical perspective; at the same time, Peng was not an idealist but a great practitioner brave enough to step into reality. When he observed the disquieting phenomenon of poverty, he did not hide alone to stand aloof, but went to the working class and tried to find out solutions in practice.<br /> <br /> ==== 王露 Wang Lu ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 于是，彭湃换下学生装，穿起农民的粗布衣服；于是，他“食尽了四乡的茶饭，差不多日日是早出夜归”。在田间地头，他利用各种形式揭露地主剥削农民的罪行，启发农民的阶级觉悟。他的这种行为，和英国作家奥威尔（代表作为《通向威根码头之路》《1984》《动物农场》）颇为相似——为了解英国的底层社会，奥威尔曾和流浪汉厮混在一起，睡同一张床，喝同一只罐子里的茶水，还和矿工们一起在矿井底下劳动。经过一番调查，彭湃既看到了农民的悲惨生活，也预测出若农民联合起来，将会爆发出巨大的能量。他说：“辛亥以前，海丰的农民一直是隶属于满清的皇帝、官僚、绅士和田主这帮压迫阶级，农民怕地主绅士和官府好像老鼠怕猫的样子，终日在地主的斗盖、绅士的扇头、官府的锁链中呻吟过活。”“今天，我们无产阶级中，无有不为经济所压迫感受生活之困难者；终日孜孜劳力而三餐不饱者，固属多之；而因生活费之难以支持，至如卖妻鬻子、堕胎，亦层见叠出，甚者抛弃其生存权，而自尽者亦有之。”<br /> <br /> Therefore, Peng Pai changed his student dress and put on the peasant-like coarse clothes; he tasted all the bread and water in the county and worked from morning to night. In the fields, he used all he could to expose the crime of landlords exploiting peasants in order to arouse their class consciousness. This behavior was quite similar to that of the British writer, Orwell (the author of The Road to Wigan Pie, 1984, Animal Farm)— to understand the underclass of English society, Orwell hung out with vagrants, slept with them in the same bed, drank tea from the same jar, and worked with miners underground. After some surveys, Peng not only noticed the miserable life of the peasants, but also predicted that if the peasants united, they would burst out with great energy. And he said, “Before the Revolution of 1911, the peasants of Haifeng had always been subordinated to the oppressive class of emperors, bureaucrats, gentlemen and landlords in the Qing Dynasty, and the peasants were afraid of the landlord gentry and the official government like rats and cats, and groaned all day long because of the oppression from them.” “Today, there are all those in our proletariat who are oppressed by the economy and have the difficulties in making a living; there are many people who work diligently all day long and do not have enough to eat; and because of the difficulty of supporting the cost of living, the sale of wives and children, abortions, and even the abandonment of their right to life happened frequently, and there are also those who commit suicide.”<br /> <br /> ==== 王纪龙 Wang Jilong====<br /> <br /> 彭湃成了一个活力四射的演说家，眼光清晰而敏锐。他在田间地头所说的话，如战鼓似响锣，令农民心智大开。彭湃所说出的词语是简单而平实的，但其所阐释的道理却是深刻而复杂的。他不断拓展农民的思维，告诉他们——什么“三下盖伙头鸡”（“三下盖”是指佃户纳租谷还田主时，田主必用斗盖盖三下，而这其实是田主掠夺和侮辱佃户的表示；而“伙头鸡”则是当田主每逢早冬到佃户家收租时，必要佃户贡鸡一只，这其实是额外掠夺）都可以免除净尽……”“我们农民，是世界生产的主要阶级。人类生命的存在，完全是靠我们辛苦造出来的米粒。我们的伟大和神圣，谁敢否认！”“所以，我们一旦觉悟，结合全县农民，组织农会，协力团结，反抗社会一切不合理的制度，争回我们生存的权利……”<br /> <br /> Peng Pai became a vigorous speaker with clear and sharp vision. The words he said in the field sounded like war drums and gongs, which gave the farmers' some insight. Though Peng Pai's words were simple and plain, the truth he explained is profound and complex. He constantly expanded the thinking of farmers, telling them &quot;三下盖伙头鸡(三下盖refers to the fact that when the tenant pays the rent to the landholder, the landholder must cover the tenant three times with a bucket, which is actually a manifestation of plundering and insulting of the tenant; while 伙头鸡 means that when the landholder comes to the tenant's house to collect the rent in the early winter, the tenant must pay a chicken additionally, which is actually an additional plunder) would be wiped out utterly&quot; &quot;We peasants are the main class of production in the world. The existence of human life depends entirely on the rice we have worked hard to make. Who can deny our greatness and holiness!&quot; &quot;Therefore, once we become aware of it, we will combine the farmers of the whole county, organize farmers' associations, work together and unite against all unreasonable social systems, and seize back our right to survival..&quot;<br /> <br /> Peng Pai became a vigorous speaker, clear in mind and sharp in vision. The words he said in the field sounded like war drums and gongs, which were so inspiring that they enlightened peasants. Peng Pai's words, though simple and plain, the truth through which he explained was profound and complex. He constantly expanded the thinking of peasants, illustrating that &quot;三下盖伙头鸡(三下盖refers to the fact that when the tenant pays the rent to the landholder, the landholder must cover the tenant three times with a bucket, which is actually a manifestation of plundering and insulting of the tenant; while 伙头鸡 means that when the landholder comes to the tenant's house to collect the rent in the early winter, the tenant must pay a chicken additionally, which is actually an additional plunder) would be wiped out utterly&quot; &quot;We peasants are the main class of production in the world. The existence of human life depends entirely on the rice we have worked hard to make. Who can deny our greatness and holiness!&quot; &quot;Therefore, once we become aware of it, we will fight against all unreasonable social systems, and seize back our right to survival by combining the peasants of the whole county, organizing peasants’ associations and uniting together.&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== 王芳玲 Wang Fangling====<br /> <br /> 最终，农民作为一个阶级就这样崛起了——这不是发生在舞台的戏剧，而是真实生活中的一幕。1922年7月，彭湃与五位农民成立了广东省第一个农民协会——“六人农会”；之后，农会如<br /> 滚雪球般越滚越大，从几人至几百、上千、上万人，最终达到几十万人。在1923年的《广东农会章程》中，彭湃提出了这样的纲领——“图农民生活之改造，图农业之发展，图农民之自治，图农民教育之普及”。1924年，彭湃赴广州领导农民运动，创办了农民运动讲习所。1927年，他参加了南昌起义。11月，他领导海陆丰人民做了一件轰动全国的大事——召开了县工农兵代表大会，成立了海陆丰工农兵苏维埃政府。这是中国历史上第一次竖起了苏维埃政权的旗帜，实开了中国无产阶级革命的先河。<br /> <br /> Eventually, peasants arose as a class——It was a scene in real life instead of a one on stage.<br /> In July 1922, Peng Peng and other five peasants founded the first peasant association in Guangdong Province, the &quot;Six People's Peasant Association&quot;. &quot;After that, the peasant association grew like a snowball, from a few people to hundreds, thousands, tens of thousands, and eventually hundreds of thousands of people. In 1923, in the constitution of the Guangdong Peasants' Association, Peng Pai put forward such a program - &quot;to transform the life of the peasants, to develop agriculture, to promote the autonomy of the peasants, and to popularize peasant education&quot;. In 1927, he joined the Nanchang Uprising. In November of that year, he led the people of Hailufeng to do a big event, stirring up the whole country - he held a congress of workers, peasants and soldiers in the county and established the Soviet government of workers, peasants and soldiers in Hailufeng. This was the first time in the history of China that the banner of Soviet power was raised, and it was the precursor of the Chinese proletarian revolution.<br /> <br /> <br /> Eventually, peasants arose as a class——It was a scene in real life instead of a one on stage.<br /> In July 1922, Peng Pai and other five peasants founded the first peasant association in Guangdong Province,the &quot;Six People's Peasant Association&quot;. After that, the peasant association grew like a snowball, from a few people to hundreds, thousands, tens of thousands, and eventually hundreds of thousands of people. In 1923, in the constitution of the Guangdong Peasants' Association, Peng Pai put forward such a program - &quot;to transform the life of the peasants, to develop agriculture, to promote the autonomy of the peasants, and to popularize peasant education&quot;. In 1927, he joined the Nanchang Uprising. In November of that year, he led the people of Hailufeng to start a big event, stirring up the whole country - he held a congress of workers, peasants and soldiers in the county and established the Soviet government of workers, peasants and soldiers in Hailufeng. This was the first time in the history of China that the banner of Soviet power was raised, and it was the precursor of the Chinese proletarian revolution.<br /> <br /> ==== 疏珊 Shu Shan ====<br /> <br /> 在《海丰农民运动》这本书里，彭湃详细记录了农会的具体措施——调整租佃关系，防止田主随意提高租金，领导农民减息减灾，遇到歉收时请田主减租额，调节发生争执的会员矛盾，取消码头税，开办农民医药房、农民学校和农业银行，夺回市场管理权，疏浚河流湖塘，取消封建陋规等等。彭湃非常善于从农民的实际利益出发开展斗争，且很注重斗争策略。在革命初期，他将重点放在发展生产和改善农民生活上。经过慢慢引导，他让运动逐渐从经济运动转向政治斗争。时至今日，当你在海丰聆听到彭湃创作的歌谣《田仔（佃户）骂田公（地主）》时，依旧会感觉热血沸腾——<br /> <br /> <br /> In the book &quot;The Haifeng peasant movement&quot;, Pang Pai records in detail the specific measures taken by the peasant associations: adjusting the rent-tenant relationship; preventing field owners from raising rents arbitrarily; leading the peasants to reduce interest and disaster; asking field owners to reduce the amount of rent in case of bad harvests; regulating conflicts among members in case of disputes; abolishing the dock tax; opening peasant medicine houses, peasant schools and agricultural banks; reclaiming the right to manage markets; dredging rivers and lakes; abolishing feudal rules. He also helped the peasants to recover the right to manage the market, dredged rivers and lakes, abolished the feudal rules and so on. Peng Pai was very good at conducting the fight for defending the interests of the peasants and paid much attention to the strategy. In the early days of the revolution, he focused on developing production and improving the livelihood of the peasants. He let the movement gradually shift from an economic movement to a political struggle. To this day, when you listen to the song &quot;Tianzai (tenant) scolds Tiangong (landlord)&quot; composed by Peng Peng Pai in Haifeng, you can still feel the passion.<br /> <br /> ==== 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====<br /> <br /> 冬呀！冬！冬！冬！<br /> 　　田仔骂田公：<br /> 　　田仔耕田耕到死；<br /> 田公着厝食白米！<br /> 做个颠倒饿；懒个颠倒好！<br /> 是你不知想！不是命不好！　　　　<br /> 农夫呀！醒来！农夫呀！勿戆！<br /> 地是天作！天还天公！<br /> 你无分！我无分！<br /> 有来耕，有来食！<br /> 无来耕，就请歇！<br /> Dong,dong,dong! <br /> The tenant curses the landlord.<br /> The tenant plows the fields so hard nearly to death <br /> while the landlord has white rice at home.<br /> Those who work go hungry, but those who are lazy live well. <br /> It's because you fail to think, not because you naturally have a bad fate. <br /> O farmer, wake up! O farmer! Stop being simple and ignorant. <br /> The arable land is given by God, and God is fair.<br /> But none of the farmers get a share. <br /> Those who come to plow the land are fed, those who do not plow the land then please rest.<br /> <br /> ==== 全永慧 Quan Yonghui ====<br /> <br /> 如今，当你来到这片红土地时，距彭湃搞农会不过近百年的时间。此刻的海丰乡村，早已发生了巨变。令海丰人值得骄傲的，是两个省级新农村示范片区的建设——莲花片区涉及3个行政村22个自然村，按照“一河一路五园”的建设思路，先后投入建设资金1.6亿元，完善了各项基础设施建设，建成了一批乡村旅游设施，潮汕民居特色十分突出。这个片区还将茶叶产业与旅游业深度融合，有力地带动了当地农民的增收；海丰县在新山鹿境片区的建设中，共投入建设资金近2亿元，打造出新山、池口等5个行政村。到2019年年底，各项建设已基本完成。县里通过把红色遗址、景观资源与产业经济相融合，发展休闲观光、文化旅游、现代农业等农村经济产业，构建起全产业链新型业态、粤东红色旅游精品线路，成为广东省粤东片区实施乡村振兴战略现场会、广东省抓党建促乡村振兴暨红色村党建示范工程现场会的参观点，高峰时期的日游客量超过2万人。<br /> <br /> Today, when you come to this red land, it is only about a hundred years since Peng Pai set up the peasant association. Up to now, great changes have taken place in Haifeng Village. What makes the people of Haifeng Village proud of is the construction of two provincial-level new rural demonstration areas-Lianhua area including 3 incorporated villages and 22 unincorporated villages. According to the construction idea of &quot;one river, one road and five gardens&quot;, 160 million yuan has been invested for the construction of various infrastructures and rural tourism facilities, which reflect the prominent characteristics of Chaoshan dwellings. This area also promotes the integration of tea industry and tourism, which has effectively increased the income of local farmers. Haifeng County has invested nearly 200 million yuan in the construction of Xinshanlujing area to build 5 administrative villages including Xinshan and Chikou. By the end of 2019, all constructions have been basically completed.<br /> <br /> By integrating red relics, landscape resources and industrial economy, the county has developed various industries of the country economy such as recreation and sightseeing, cultural tourism, modern agriculture, etc. In doing so, it has created a new business pattern of the whole industrial chain and the fine routes of red tourism in east Guangdong, all of which have made the county a visiting site for the on-the-spot meetings on the implementation of rural revitalization strategy in the east Guangdong region and the demonstration of red village construction under the guidance of the Party in Guangdong Province. During the peak tourist time, more than 20,000 people visit it every day.<br /> <br /> ==== 仇绪 Qiu Xu ====<br /> <br /> 如今的海丰乡村，早已不是彭湃当年所见到的模样。县里通过落实农业产业发展、农村基础设施建设、“厕所革命”、“三清三拆”等措施，使乡村振兴发展取得明显成效。到2019年年底，海丰县城镇居民人均可支配收入达31310元，增速9.3%；农村居民人均可支配收入17457元，增速 10.4%；农村居民人均可支配收入增速比城镇居民人均可支配收入增速高1.1个百分点。县里还大力推进特色精品村的建设——筹资1.4亿元，在每个镇选择1至2个行政村，全县共计15个村，实施人居环境整治提质升级工程，并在37个省定相对贫困村全面实施新农村示范村建设。最终，通过典型带路、以点带面，深入推进全县人居环境整治，实现农村面貌的焕然一新。到2019年年底，海丰县建档立卡的9089户共27999名贫困人口，人均可支配收入达1.5万元以上，按“八有”标准100%实现稳定脱贫；37条省定贫困村全部达到脱贫标准。<br /> <br /> The countryside of Haifeng today has long been different from what Peng Pei saw back then. Through the implementation of measures such as agricultural industry development, rural infrastructure construction,&quot;toilet revolution&quot; and &quot;three clearings and three demolitions&quot;, the county has achieved obvious results in the revitalisation and development of the countryside. By the end of 2019, the per capita disposable income of urban residents in Haifeng County reached RMB31,310, with a growth rate of 9.3%; the per capita disposable income of rural residents reached RMB17,457, with a growth rate of 10.4%; the growth rate of the per capita disposable income of rural residents was 1.1 percentage points higher than the growth rate of the per capita disposable income of urban residents. The county also vigorously promoted the construction of distinctive boutique villages - raising 140 million yuan to select one to two administrative villages in each town, a total of 15 villages in the county, to implement the habitat improvement and upgrading project, and to fully implement the construction of new rural model villages in 37 relatively poor provincial villages. Ultimately, through the typical leading the way, point by point, in-depth promotion of the county's human living environment improvement, to achieve a new look of rural areas. By the end of 2019, a total of 27,999 poor people from 9,089 households in Haifeng County will have a per capita disposable income of more than 15,000 yuan, and 100% of them will have achieved stable poverty eradication according to the &quot;eight&quot; standards; all 37 provincial poverty-stricken villages will have reached poverty eradication standards.<br /> <br /> ==== 卿子晔 Qing Ziye====<br /> <br /> 当你在海丰县阅读到这些数字时，体会到的是一种神奇的错位感——那些保留在红宫红场纪念馆里的各种文物，让你形象地看到了100年前海丰农民生活的窘迫，而现在的这些数字，却显示了另一种状态的出现。你将信将疑——在这个天涯海角之地，所有的农民都已全部脱贫？所有的贫困村都已全部摘帽？你决心要像上世纪20年代的彭湃那样，到县城所辖的那些村里去实地考察。只有在田间地头看看庄稼的长势，到农民的居舍里看看客厅的摆设，和农民们谈谈他们的收入来源，你才会对这些数字产生真正的敬意。<br /> <br /> If you saw these figures in Haifeng County, you will feel a magical sense of dislocation – various cultural relics preserved in the Honggong Hongchang Memorial Hall present you a vivid picture of the embarrassment of the life of Haifeng farmers 100 years ago. Now, however, these figures have other meanings. Do you doubt it – all the farmers and countryside have been lifted out of poverty at this poverty-strike place? You are determined to go on a field trip to the villages of the county, as Peng Pai did in the 1920s. You will show real respect for these figures only if you see the crops growing in the fields, the living room furnishings in the farmers' houses, as well as talk to the farmers about their sources of income.<br /> <br /> == Part 28 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====<br /> <br /> 坡平村<br /> <br /> 虽然已进入隆冬时节，但岭南的寒冷却是打了对折的。从海丰县城开车到位于西南部的联安镇，一路上在乡村小道上穿梭蛇行，花费了20分钟。据《惠阳地区地名志》记载：传说清代时，石塘、田心、优埔三约（过去的“约”相当于现在的“乡”）代表为避免械斗，在石角头山会旗宣誓，规定各约不得介入械斗，要联合起来保护人民的安全，故取名“联安”。在那条乡村道路的右侧，是一个挨一个的电线杆，拉扯着长长的电线。然而，在道路的左侧却空空荡荡。蜿蜒的道路上铺着沥青，尚且平坦，两侧则是大片大片的田野。那些伫立在远处的屋子显得十分矮小，像个薄薄的袖珍空壳。<br /> <br /> Poping village<br /> Although the mid-winter season has come, the cold in Lingnan is not that severe. It took 20 minutes to drive from Haifeng County to Lianan Town, which is located in the southwest, weaving and snaking on the country roads all the way. According to Huiyang District Geographical Names, legend has it that during the Qing Dynasty, the representatives of the three covenants (in the past, &quot;covenant&quot; was equivalent to the present &quot;township&quot;) of Shitang, Tianxin, and Youpu met flags and took an oath at the Shijiaotou mountain to avoid armed fights, stipulating that each covenant should not intervene in armed fights and should unite to protect the safety of the people, so that hence the name &quot;Lianan&quot;. On the right side of that country road was power poles stood one by one, pulling long wires. However, on the left side of the road was empty. The winding road was paved with asphalt and was still flat, while on both sides were large fields. The houses that stood in the distance looked very small, like thin, pocket-sized empty shells.<br /> <br /> ==== 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====<br /> <br /> 穿过一座桥后来到了联安镇。坊间流传着这样一句话：“联安熟，海丰足”，足可见这个镇的重要性。总面积有50平方公里的联安镇，共有4万多人，3万亩耕地，1.5万亩鱼塭，不仅是海丰县的革命老区，还是中国重要的湿地之一，也是中国的水鸟之乡。镇里不仅村道纵横，河道密布，且田野广袤，正所谓“背靠八仙状元山，面向长沙银海滩，中间一片肥沃土，地种海耕安居处”。事实上，这并不是你第一次来到联安镇。此前，你已来过三四次。然而，这个镇非常奇怪，每一次都会让你有新的发现。于是，你意识到那种蜻蜓点水的采访，其实收获是甚微的。当一位作家试图描述一个地方时，只去一次是不够的，如果条件允许，应该在不同时间段里反复到达那里，才能体会到那里发生的变化。<br /> <br /> After crossing a bridge, you come to Lian'an Town. The widly spread of words &quot;ripe Lian towards rich Haifeng&quot; across the streets shows the importance of this town. Covering a total area of 50 square kilometers, including 30,000 mu of arable land and 15,000 mu of fish farm, Lian’an is home to more than 40,000 population. As an old revolutionary base area of Haifeng County, it is one of the important wetlands and the hometown of water birds in China. Being crisscross with village roads, densely covered with rivers, and vast fields, the town is the so-called &quot;back against the Eight Immortals Zhuangyuan Mountain, facing the Silver Beach of Changsha, with a fertile soil in the middle for farming and living&quot;. In fact, you have come here three or four times, not the first time. This town, however, is very strange, and every time you can find something new, so you realize such a cursory interview is much little fruitful. When a writer makes an attempt to describe a place, it is not enough to go there only once. If conditions permit, he should go there repeatedly in different periods, to experience the changes there.<br /> <br /> ==== 彭琦 Peng Qi ====<br /> <br /> 联安镇没有高楼，一切都像鸡蛋饼般平摊在阳光下，等待着你的检阅。窄窄的街道两边，是一栋栋三四层的小楼，看起来每一栋都是另一栋的复制品。这个镇看起来既不像城市也不像乡村，而有种半城市化的感觉。这里也有十字路口，但却相当狭窄袖珍；这里也行驶着各类车辆，但大多数人都步行着。你曾在位于镇中心的一家大排档吃过饭——木质圆桌旁摆着红色塑料凳，食客们三三两两绕桌而坐——看起来和别处的小餐厅并无二般。然而，你却记住了在这里品尝到的味道：“好像此前吃过的东西都是赝品！”无论是大铁锅里的煎鱼，还是有着双层膜的螃蟹，或淡粉色的大虾，味道都极为鲜美，是你记忆中味道的100倍。那种浓烈的芬芳让口腔里像开了花，令你通体舒坦。<br /> <br /> ==== 马明宇 Ma Mingyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 探究小店美味的来源，你才知道联安县不仅是海丰最为重要的粮仓、蔬菜生产基地，还是海产品基地。这里出品的膏蟹、乌羽蟹、双膜蟹、沙虾、白刺虾、花虾、牡蛎、乌龟等，都是水产市场上的抢手货。那个大排档里的食材自然非常新鲜，且以乡间手工做法烹饪，当然比城市大酒店里流水线操作出的食物更有滋味。事实上，当现代工业技术为人们提供了大量廉价的速食品之后，那些方便面和罐头里，并没有太多的营养价值，而且这些食物还大大破坏了人类原有的味觉系统。生活在城市里的人，因为吃了太多的垃圾食品，变得面色苍白且体质羸弱。<br /> <br /> Explore the delicious source of the store, you know that Lian 'An County is not only Haifeng's most important granary, vegetable production base, but also seafood base. The cream crab, black feather crab, double membrane crab, sand shrimp, white thorn shrimp, flower shrimp, oysters, turtles, etc. produced here are all hot goods in the aquatic market. The food in the stall was naturally very fresh and cooked by country hand, certainly more flavorful than the food produced by the assembly line in the city hotel. In fact, when modern industrial technology has provided people with a large number of cheap fast foods, there is not much nutritional value in those instant noodles and canned foods. Moreover, these foods have greatly damaged the original taste system of human beings. People living in cities have become pale and weak from eating too much junk food.<br /> <br /> ==== 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin ====<br /> <br /> 离开镇中心后，车向坡平村驶去。柏油马路在热浪的侵袭下，变得黑乎乎油腻腻。<br /> <br /> Leaving the town center, the car headed for Poping Village. The asphalt road became black and greasy amid the heat wave.<br /> <br /> After leaving the town center, the car headed for Poping Village.The asphalt road becomes dark and sticky because of the sun's rays.<br /> <br /> 道路两侧出现了灌木丛和蜿蜒的河流；河流旁是大片大片的田野，残留着棕色的稻谷茬；白色塑料的大棚整整齐齐，一个挨着一个；山脉宛如强健的肌肉，虬结蜿蜒，直至远方；山脚下燃起烧荒的白烟，丝丝缕缕，与雾霭融为一体；白墙黑瓦的农舍，稀疏地凝立在河岸边。<br /> <br /> Shrubs and meandering rivers appeared on both sides of the road; Beside the river are large fields with brown rice stubble; The white plastic sheds were neat, laying one by one; Mountains were like strong muscles, winding up to the distance; At the foot of the mountain, the white smoke of burn was lit, which was continuously mixed with the fog; The farmhouses with white walls and black tiles stood sparsely on the river bank.<br /> <br /> Bushes and meandering rivers spread on both sides of the road;Beside the river are large fields with brown rice stubble; The white plastic sheds were neat, laying one by one; Mountains were like strong muscles, winding up to the distance; At the foot of the mountain, the white smoke of burn was lit, which was continuously mixed with the fog; The farmhouses with white walls and black tiles stood sparsely on the river bank.<br /> <br /> 这些景象组合在一起，像一曲交响乐，高低起伏，婉转袅娜。你所目睹到的河流，是发源于粤东第一山峰莲花山脉的大液河。<br /> <br /> These scenes were like a symphony, rising and falling, mild and graceful. The river you had seen was the Daye River, which originated from the Lianhua Mountain, the highest mountain in eastern Guangdong.<br /> <br /> These scenes combine like a symphony,rising and falling, mild and graceful.The river seen originates from the Big Liquid River in the Lotus Mountain Range, the first mountain peak in eastern Guangdong.<br /> <br /> 这条河的颜色不是厚重而凝滞的黄色，而是轻快而爽朗的冰蓝色。当大液河蜿蜒过联安镇时，不仅形成了一条曲线优美的缎带，还让缎带两岸形成了具有原始风格的美景。<br /> <br /> The color of the river was not deep and stagnant yellow, but light and bright ice blue. When the Daye River winded through Lian'an Town, it not only formed a beautiful ribbon with curves, but also formed a beautiful scenery with original style on both sides of the ribbon.<br /> <br /> The color of the river was not deep and stagnant yellow, but light and bright ice blue. When the Daye River winded through Lian'an Town, it not only formed a beautiful ribbon with curves, but also formed a beautiful scenery with original style on both sides of the ribbon.<br /> <br /> ==== 鲁思 Lu Si ====<br /> <br /> 河岸两侧的河滩上，丛生着黄绿色的茅草，让这里形成了一片天然而难得的湿地。那些在河岸边觅食、嬉戏和繁殖的各类水禽，便视湿地为它们当然的家。最终，这里成为国际东亚候鸟迁徙路线的重要区域，不仅引来许多濒危保护的鸟类过冬——黑脸琵鹭、白琵鹭、紫水鸡（红色的鸟冠，腹部以蓝色点缀，背部以黑色为主调，羽毛光鲜）——还让白鹭成为这里的常住居民。现在，你目光所及的鸟儿约有几百只，伫立在河畔，一个挨一个，像穿着白色军装的士兵般密麻麻。当它们起飞时，翅膀的煽动完全处于同一个频率，而其如积雪般的腹部和背部则完全袒出。显然，它们早已适应了人类的汽车，因为除了沿着河岸低低浅飞，它们并不惊慌，也不打算离开。这片湿地虽然是附近村民的劳动场所，然而，海丰人向来都把水鸟看成是吉祥物，在日常的养殖活动中，从来不排斥水鸟来觅食，故而，在这里会形成人类在忙碌地工作，而水鸟则聚集觅食的和谐景致。<br /> <br /> The riverbanks on both sides of the river are lined with yellow-green thatch grass, making this a natural wetland. The various types of waterfowl that feed, play and breed along the riverbanks make the wetlands their home.Eventually, it became an important area on the international East Asian migratory bird route, attracting not only black-faced spoonbills, white spoonbills, and purple waterfowl (red crests with blue accents on the belly and a glossy black back) many endangered and protected birds for the winter, but also resident egrets here.Now you can see hundreds of birds standing by the river, one by one, as densely packed as soldiers in white uniforms. When they take off, their wings flutter at exactly the same frequency, while their snow-like bellies and backs are completely exposed. Apparently, they have long adapted to human cars, because they do not panic and do not intend to leave, except to fly low and shallow along the river bank.Although this wetland is a place of labor for nearby villagers, however, the people of Haifeng have always regarded waterfowl as auspicious objects and never excluded them from feeding in their daily breeding activities, thus creating a harmonious scene where humans are busy working while waterfowl gather to feed.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing====<br /> <br /> 然而，美丽的环境和富裕的生活并不成正比。位于大液河畔的坡平村，是广东省的省定贫困村。现在，这个村由深圳市龙岗区南湾街道办事处、龙岗区政策研究室和汕尾市农业局（2019年6月后是汕尾市委党校）结对帮扶。坡平村的扶贫队长兼第一书记周建华正在村委等着你——身量适中，浓眉大眼，理着短短的小平头，皮肤黧黑，嘴角微笑。据他介绍——村里区域土地面积约2.8平方公里，耕地面积2800亩，鱼塭面积265亩,山林面积850亩。<br /> However, the beautiful environment and the affluent life are not in proportion to each other. Po Ping Village, located on the banks of the Daliyu River, is a provincial poverty-stricken village in Guangdong Province. The village is now twinned by the Nanwan Street Office of Longgang District, Shenzhen, the Policy Research Office of Longgang District and the Shanwei Agricultural Bureau (after June 2019, the Party School of Shanwei Municipal Committee). Zhou Jianhua, the poverty alleviation captain and first secretary of Po Ping Village, is waiting for you at the village committee - a medium-sized man with thick eyebrows, a short, small flat haircut, sallow skin and a smile at the corners of his mouth. According to him - the village area has a land area of about 2.8 square kilometres, with 2,800 mu of arable land, 265 mu of fish farms and 850 mu of mountains and forests.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====<br /> <br /> 当周建华带着你在小村行走时，你惊讶地发现，村里非但没有一点萧条破败的模样，反而保持着一种朴素与端庄的洁净——村民们都穿戴整齐，农舍前的空地都扫得干干净净，所有的村道都显得平坦畅通，目光所及的田地里都收拾得十分利落——这让你颇感欣慰。你想起那些在工业城镇里所见到的烟囱、鼓风炉、煤炭厂和矿渣堆，感觉所谓的“文明”或“进步”，有时会将人反噬进自己的肚囊中。然而，如何能既保持乡村世界的靓丽与纯净，又能让身处其中的农民拥有高质量的生活，是摆在乡村发展面前的一个难题。在2016年时，在这个733户的小村里，有78户贫困户共187人。到2019年年底， 187人已全部脱贫，完成了“两不愁、三保障”的目标。然而，这些成绩是如何取得的？<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> When Zhou Jianhua took you walking in the samll village, you were surprised to notice that instead of being a little depressed and decrepit, the village was maintained with a simple and dignified cleanliness - the villagers were all well dressed, the open spaces in front of the farmhouses were cleanly swept , all the village roads looked flat and smooth, and the fields as far as the eye could see were tidied up very well,which makes you very comfortable. Thinking of the chimneys, blast furnaces, coal plants and slag heaps you see in the industrial towns, you have the feeling that the so-called &quot;civilization&quot; or &quot;progress&quot; sometimes devours people into their own belly. However, how to maintain the beauty and purity of the rural world while allowing the farmers to have a high quality of life is a difficult question posed in front of the development of the countryside. In 2016, there were 78 poor households with a total of 187 people in this small village of 733 households. By the end of 2019, all 187 people had been lifted out of poverty, completing the goal of &quot;two no worries, three guarantees&quot;. However, how did these achievements come about?<br /> <br /> When Zhou Jianhua took you walking in the small village, you were surprised to notice that instead of being a little depressed and decrepit, the village was maintained with a simple and dignified cleanliness - the villagers were all well dressed, the open spaces in front of the farmhouses were cleanly swept, all the village roads looked flat and smooth, and the fields as far as the eye could see were tidied up very well, which makes you very comfortable. Thinking of the chimneys, blast furnaces, coal plants and slag heaps you see in the industrial towns, you have the feeling that the so-called &quot;civilization&quot; or &quot;progress&quot;, which sometimes devours people into their own belly. However, how to maintain the beauty and purity of the rural world while allowing the farmers to have a high quality of life is a difficult question posed in front of the rural development. In 2016, there were 78 poor households with a total of 187 people in this small village of 733 households. By the end of 2019, all 187 people had been lifted out of poverty, completing the goal of &quot;Two Assurances and Three Guarantees&quot;. However, how did these achievements come about?<br /> <br /> ==== 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====<br /> <br /> 据周建华书记介绍，驻村工作队来到坡平村，了解到村民的主要经济来源以农业种植和外出务工为主后，及时向帮扶单位深圳龙岗区南湾街道办事处、龙岗区委政策研究室、汕尾市农业局报告情况。上述单位认真研究、精准施策，通过抓住“产业扶贫”这个牛鼻子，结合坡平村的革命历史，制定了以突出现代农业和特色旅游这两个发展主线，力争将“输血式帮扶”改变为“造血式脱贫”。帮扶单位先投资200万元入股海龙投资大厦的项目，让村集体每年能保底收入10万元；又将265亩鱼塭出租，一年便有58万元的收入。在村合作社的带动下，建设起160多亩的线椒种植基地，80多亩的南美对虾养殖基地。<br /> According to the Secretary Zhou Jianhua’s introduction, a working team based on the village came to Poping village. After acknowledging that villagers’ main sources of income were farming and working outside, they reported this to helping units-Nanwan Street Office at the Longgang District in Shenzhen, Policy Research Office of Longgang District Committee, and the Agricultural Bureau in Shanwei City in time. With studying carefully and implementing strategies precisely, these units grasped the key point-poverty alleviation by developing industries and combined it with the revolutionary history of Poping village, formulating two main lines of development that highlighting modern agriculture and featured tour, and working hard for transforming the model of “helping the poor by giving them money and materials” into “poverty elimination by the poor’s self-working”. Firstly, they became a shareholder in a project of Hailong investment building with investing 200 million yuan, which could let the whole village keep earning 100 thousand yuan annually; and then they leased 265 acres of fishpond to others, earning 580 thousand yuan per year. Under the drives of the village corporation, a planting base of chili pepper with more than 160 acres and a breeding base of South America prawn with over 80 acres were built.<br /> <br /> <br /> Correction:<br /> According to the Secretary Zhou Jianhua’s introduction, a working team based on the village came to Poping village. After knowing that villagers’ main sources of income were mainly farming and working outside, they reported this to helping units-Nanwan Street Office at the Longgang District in Shenzhen, Policy Research Office of Longgang District Committee, and the Agricultural Bureau in Shanwei City in time. These units studied carefully and implemented strategies precisely. By grasping the key point “poverty alleviation by developing industries” and combining it with the revolutionary history of Poping village, they formulated two main lines of development that highlighting modern agriculture and featured tour, and worked hard for transforming the model of “helping the poor by giving them money and materials” into “poverty elimination by the poor’s self-working”. Firstly, they became a shareholder in a project of Hailong investment building with investing 2 million yuan, which could let the whole village keep earning at least 100 thousand yuan annually; and then they leased 265 acres of fishpond to others, earning 580 thousand yuan per year. Under the drives of the village corporation, a planting base of chili pepper with more than 160 acres and a breeding base of South America prawn with over 80 acres were built.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 水稻是坡平村农民种植面积最广的农作物。然而，每当春耕季节到来时，有些农民便会感觉手头发紧，没有余钱来购买种子和化肥。当你和农户交流后才发现，原来农民想存住钱是件很困难的事——家里总有人会生病、总有人需要买衣服、总要招待亲朋好友。农民们总是生活在巨大的压力之下，而在这种压力的胁迫下，他们经常会犯冲动消费的错误；再加上小村临海，经常会受到台风等自然灾害的影响，令农作物收成很不稳定。综上原因，工作队不仅向贫困户免费发放袁隆平优质水稻，还同时发放化肥，以及帮助他们购买保险等惠农措施，鼓励贫困户大力种植优质水稻，以提高家庭收入。果然，在扶贫干部的帮助下，村民们大大提振了种植水稻的信心，使得村里水稻面积扩大至1000多亩。<br /> <br /> Rice was the most widely planted crop in Poping village. When the spring ploughing came, however, some farmers were hard up and had no money to spare for seeds and chemical fertilizer. After talking to farmers, you realized that it was very difficult for them to save money -- there was always a family member being sick, or a member needing new clothes, or relatives and friends who needed entertaining. Farmers had always been living under great stress. Due to the stress, they often made the mistake of impulsive spending; moreover, the village was near the sea and frequently affected by natural disasters such as typhoons, which made the crop yields dramatically unstable. In conclusion, the task force distributed free high-quality rice developed by Yuan Longping and chemical fertilizer to the poverty-stricken households, and also helped them buy insurance and other favorable measures that benefit agriculture, which encouraged them to vigorously plant high-quality rice so as to increase their household income. Sure enough, with the help of poverty alleviation cadres, the villagers greatly boosted their confidence in planting rice, which had allowed the rice-planting area of the village to expand to more than 1,000 mu.<br /> <br /> Correction：<br /> Rice was the most widely planted crop in Poping village. Every time the spring farming comes, however, some farmers feel the pinch to buy seeds and chemical fertilizer. After talking to farmers, you realized that it is quite difficult for them to save money -- there is always a family member falling sick, or a member in need of new clothes, or relatives and friends who need to entertain with money. Farmers has always been living under great pressure. For that matter, they often make the mistake of impulsive spending; moreover, the village was near the sea and frequently affected by natural disasters such as typhoons, which made the crop yields dramatically unstable. For all the factors mentioned above, the task force distributed free high-quality rice developed by Yuan Longping and chemical fertilizer to the poverty-stricken households all for free, helped them buy insurance and other favorable measures that benefit farmers, and encouraged them to plant more high-quality rice to increase their household income. As expected, with the aid of poverty alleviation cadres, the villagers’ confidence were greatly boosted in planting rice, which made the rice-planting area of the village expand to more than 1,000 mu.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘丛领 Liu Congling====<br /> <br /> 坡平村虽然和其它贫困村一样，有着农民收入偏低的问题，然而，这个村却拥有一段不平凡的历史。如何在抓好农业生产这个最基本的问题后，让扶贫工作有创新性，是摆在工作队面前的另一个问题。周建华带领工作队员，仔细研究村里的革命历史。原来，这个村有着丰富的红色资源——村里被国家民政部评为烈士的有35人，其中亚前彭自然村就有22名。这个结果和彭湃当年搞农民运动密不可分。原来，在1922年时，彭湃曾来到坡平村宣传革命，得到了村里的彭桂、彭元漳、彭元岳等人的全力支持。在彭湃的领导下，他们在村里办起了“农民学校”，以教村民识字为掩护宣传革命思想。到1923年春天，坡平村已成立了农会，建立起了农军，设立了支部，成为周围十八乡率先起来闹革命的“赤卫村”。然而在大革命期间（1924年至1927年），坡坪村遭到国民党反动势力10多次疯狂围剿，100多名赤卫队员和一批革命群众惨遭杀害。有个村小组共有170多人，被杀害的就有81人，15户被灭门。彭桂一家9人参加革命，8位在残酷的斗争中献出了生命。<br /> <br /> Poping village, like other poor villages,is fraught with low-income peasants, but however it has an extraordinary history compared to others. How to make poverty alleviation work innovative after addressing the most fundamental issue of agricultural production is another pending problem facing the task force. Zhou Jianhua led the team to study the revolutionary history of the village. It turns out that this village is rich in revolutionary resources ---35 villagers has been listed by the national Ministry of Civil Affairs as martyrs, of which Yaqianpeng natural village includes 22. This result is greatly attributed to Peng Pai's peasant movement. In 1922, Peng Pai had come to Poping Village to publicize the revolution, and was fully supported by villagers like Peng GUI, Peng Yuanzhang, Peng Yuanyue. Under Peng Pai's leadership, they set up a &quot;peasant school&quot; in the village to spread revolutionary ideas under the cover of teaching the villagers to read. By the spring of 1923, Poping Village had set up a peasant association, an army of peasants and a Party branch, making it the first &quot;Red Protecting Village&quot; in the surrounding villages to rebel. However, during the Northern Expedition (1924 to 1927), the village was attacked more than 10 times by Kuomintang reactionary forces, and over100 Red Guards and a number of revolutionary masses were brutally killed. In one village group of more than 170 people, 81 people were killed and 15 families were exterminated. Eight out of nine members of Peng Gui's family participated in the revolution sacrificed in the cruel struggle.<br /> <br /> Correction：<br /> <br /> Poping village, like other poor villages, faces the problem of peasants having relatively low income, but it has an extraordinary history compared to others. How to make poverty alleviation work innovative after addressing the most fundamental issue of agricultural production is another pending problem facing the task force. Zhou Jianhua led the team to study the revolutionary history of the village. It turns out that this village is rich in revolutionary resources ---35 villagers has been listed by the national Ministry of Civil Affairs as martyrs, of which Yaqianpeng natural village includes 22. This result is greatly attributed to Peng Pai's peasant movement. In 1922, Peng Pai came to Poping Village to publicize the revolution, which was fully supported by villagers like Peng Gui, Peng Yuanzhang, Peng Yuanyue. Under Peng Pai's leadership, they set up a &quot;peasant school&quot; in the village to spread revolutionary ideas in the name of teaching villagers to read. By the spring of 1923, Poping Village had set up a peasant association, an army of peasants and a Party branch, making it the first &quot;Red Protecting Village&quot; in the surrounding 18 villages to rebel. However, during the Northern Expedition (1924 to 1927), the village was attacked more than 10 times by Kuomintang (KMT) reactionary forces, and over 100 Red Guards and a number of revolutionary masses were brutally killed. In one village group of more than 170 people, 81 people were killed and 15 families were wiped out. Eight out of nine members of Peng Gui's family participating in the revolution sacrificed in this cruel struggle.<br /> <br /> ==== 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====<br /> <br /> <br /> 周建华和他的队友们还深入贫困户家中，向他们打听当年彭湃闹革命的事情。每一户人家都会说起“彭湃赠送12匹白马”的故事——原来，在1927年，当海丰县成立了全中国第一个县级苏维埃政权后，很多村庄都举行了庆祝活动，坡平村也用请戏班演大戏来庆祝。那一天，在县城的红场上，彭湃将缴获敌人的12匹白马赠送给坡平村的农军，以示祝贺。当彭桂及农军将这些白马骑回村里时，所有的村民都出门迎接。只见他们雄赳赳地骑在白马上，在村子里绕圈疾驰，扬起阵阵尘埃。农军们还在戏台前进行了钻火圈的表演，令村民们欢呼雀跃。时至今日，人们说起那一天的盛况，还双眼发亮，情绪激昂。<br /> <br /> Zhou Jianhua and his teammates also came to the home of impoverished households and inquired about the revolution brought about by Peng Pai. Every family would talk about a story that Peng Pai gave away 12 white horses. It turns out that many villages celebrated when Haifeng County established China’s first Soviet regime at county level in 1927, villagers in Poping did the same thing—they invited a troupe to perform. On that day, Peng Pai gave 12 white horses seized from enemies to peasant commanders in Poping village to send his congratulations on Hongchang. When Peng Gui and the rest of peasant commanders rode them to their village, all villagers came out to welcome them. These dashing riders circled round the village, leaving dust behind them. They also jumped through fire hoops on the stage, attracting jubilant villagers. When people recall those scenes, their emotions are still running high with their eyes blazing until now.<br /> <br /> ==== 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====<br /> <br /> 在海丰县203个行政村中，坡平村的历史是红彤彤的。怎样才能用好这笔历史遗产呢？原来，海丰县已投入1015万元，用于全县所有行政村的建设规划。县里决定在联安镇、莲花山、大湖湿地、黄羌林场、南粤古驿道等周边农村大力发展“农业观光”“民俗农庄”“休闲运动”等乡村旅游产业，以激发乡村新活力。县里将联安镇的坡平村、附城镇的新山村、黄羌林场的富足园村等红色村庄进行升级打造，最终建成特色村。目前，全县有省级文化和特色村1个，省级乡村旅游精品路线1条，省级休闲与乡村旅游示范点5个。由海丰县扶贫办整合全县有劳动能力贫困户的扶贫资金，投入红色旅游扶贫项目，按年收益7%分给贫困户。目前，坡平村36户有劳动能力的贫困户，每年每户的分红可达1400元。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 李梓玉 Li Ziyu====<br /> <br /> 昔日的坡平村杂草丛生、满目疮痍，如今，村里已修复和重建了广场、革命英烈纪念馆、烈士故居等旧址，令整个村庄干净而整洁，宁静而优美。<br /> <br /> 当你来到亚前彭村小组时，这里已成为一个爱国主义教育基地和党员廉政教育基地。你看到彭湃于上世纪二十年代到村里搞革命的场景，已变成墙壁上的巨型画面；而彭桂、彭元漳等烈士的故居皆粉刷一新，整齐干净；以前那个屋顶破旧、墙壁斑驳的农会旧址，现在变成了展览馆，拥有簇新的青色墙面和红色的大门，馆内的布置相当现代化。<br /> <br /> 周建华颇为自豪地说：“联安镇的坡平村委、附城镇的新山村委、梅陇镇的永红村委等村委，被汕尾市推荐为市村庄规划优秀案例，在广东省进行宣传推广。”<br /> <br /> '''Li Ziyu's version:'''<br /> In the past, the village was overgrown with weeds and houses there were dilapidated. Today, however, the square there has been rebuilt, and the memorial to the revolutionary martyrs, the former residence of the martyrs, and other sites have been restored, making the whole village clean, tidy, peaceful, and beautiful.<br /> <br /> When you come to the Yachian Peng Village, you will find that it has become an educational base for patriotism and party members' integrity. You will see giant images on the walls depicting Peng Pai leading the villagers in revolution in the 1920s, and the former homes of martyrs such as Peng Gui and Peng Yuanzhang are all freshly painted and neatly cleaned. The former site of the peasant rallies, which once had a shabby roof and stained walls, has been transformed into an exhibition hall with brand new green walls, red doors, and many modern equipment.<br /> <br /> Zhou Jianhua said quite proudly, &quot;Village committees such as Po Ping in Lian An Town, Xin Shan in Annex Town and Yong Hong in Meilong Town have been recommended by Shanwei City as excellent city-level examples of village planning and are being publicised in Guangdong Province.&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== 李彦 Li Yan====<br /> <br /> 黄小雄家的屋子面积虽然不大，但却拾掇得相当整洁——铺了瓷砖的地面扫得很干净，各种用品摆放得整整齐齐，就连灶台上的锅碗都擦拭得晶莹发亮，而卫生间里也铺了瓷砖，很是顺眼。显然，这个家一定有个勤快的女主人。果然，妻子叶少华看着就是个利索人——一头齐耳短发的她，虽然已有56岁，但却皮肤白皙，眉清目秀，模样甚为端庄秀美。她穿着件褐色毛衣，怀里抱着个小女孩，穿了件粉红色的上衣。“这是一岁多的小孙女！”奶奶看着那花骨朵般的女孩时，满眼都是慈爱和怜惜。59岁的黄小雄站在一旁微笑着，一头黑色短发里已掺杂着些许银丝。然而，他却显得相当英武——除了浓眉细眼、高鼻阔嘴外，他的骨架相当高大，约有1.8左右。只见他肩膀宽阔，腰肢细长，双腿健硕，浑身无丁点赘肉。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 李心田 Li Xintian====<br /> <br /> 这个男主人穿着一件黑白相间的长袖T恤，微笑时神态严肃谦恭，但却丝毫不失尊严。一切都显得那么美好，然而，你总觉得哪里不对劲。当你再次凝视这位已是爷爷的男人时，你恍然大悟——原来，他的肤色黝黑至极。<br /> <br /> The host wore a black and white long-sleeved T-shirt and looked serious and modest when smiling, without losing any dignity. Everything seemed so wonderful. However, you could not help feeling something strange still. When you stared at the man again, who had already been a grandfather, it suddenly dawned on you that his skin was extremely black. <br /> <br /> The host wore a black and white long-sleeved T-shirt. When he smiled, he looked serious and modest, but he did not lose his dignity. Everything seemed so wonderful. However, you could not help feeling something wrong still. When you stared at the man again, who had already been a grandfather, it suddenly dawned on you that his skin was extremely black.<br /> <br /> 在广东定居十年有余，你早已习惯了本地人所特有的那种黧黑肤色。由于长时间暴露在热带阳光下，生活在岭南的人要比生活在西北的人接受到更多的日照，所以皮肤便会显得更黑。然而，当你目睹到黄小雄的肤色时，还是暗中倒抽一口凉气。那种黑可谓是焦黑——无论是面孔、脖颈或双手——全都像被放在炭火上烧烤过。然而，那种焦黑的浓度，又没有达到非洲人的颜色，而只是比日常所见的人更黑一些。在这种焦黑肤色的衬托下，这个男人的牙齿从整个面部跳脱出来，显得特别洁白。<br /> <br /> After setting life in Guangdong for over ten years, you had already gotten used to the especially black skin of the locals. Since they were exposed to tropical sunshine for a long time, people living in Lingnan would receive more sunshine than those living in the northwest and thus had blacker skin. However, when looking at Huang Xiaoxiong’s skin color, you would still take a breath confidentially. That kind of black could be called burnt black. His face, neck, and hands all looked like being burnt over a charcoal fire. Nevertheless, the degree of that burnt black didn’t reach the color of Africans. It’s just blacker than that of ordinary people. The man’s teeth seemed to have jumped out of his face and looked especially white against his burnt-black skin color. <br /> <br /> After setting life in Guangdong for over ten years, you had already gotten used to the special black skin of the locals. Since they were exposed to tropical sunshine for a long time, people living in Lingnan would get more sunshine than those living in the northwest and thus had blacker skin. However, when looking at Huang Xiaoxiong’s skin color, You could't help but gasp confidentially. That kind of black could be called burnt black. His face, neck, and hands all looked like being burnt over a charcoal fire. Nevertheless, the degree of that burnt black didn’t reach the color of Africans. It’s just blacker than that of ordinary people. The man’s teeth seemed to have jumped out of his face and looked especially white against his burnt-black skin color.<br /> <br /> 当他张口说话时，你再次倒抽口凉气——居然是极为流利的普通话！改革开放四十年，让生活在广东的中年青人大多可熟练使用普通话，但那些年近六旬的老人家们，一般都会把普通话说得磕磕绊绊。若能熟练掌握，定是在外面闯荡过，而不是将生活半径仅仅局限在村子里。于是，你对眼前这个男人充满了好奇。<br /> <br /> When he opened his mouth to speak, you took another breath—it was extremely standard mandarin! 40 years of reform and opening up had enabled most young and middle-aged people living in Guangdong to speak mandarin fluently. But as for those old people near 60 years old, they would usually speak mandarin with stumbles. If someone could speak it fluently, he or she must have worked outside, instead of circling himself or herself in a small village. Therefore, you felt very curious about the man in front of you.<br /> <br /> When he spoke, you took another breath—it was extremely standard mandarin! 40 years of reform and opening up had enabled most young and middle-aged people living in Guangdong to speak mandarin fluently. But as for those old people near 60 years old, they would usually speak mandarin with stumbles. If someone could speak it fluently, he or she must have worked outside, instead of circling himself or herself in a small village. Therefore, you felt very curious about the man in front of you.<br /> <br /> ==== 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====<br /> <br /> 作为一家之主，他谈起了自己的孩子们——大女儿已32岁，嫁到广西，育有3个孩子；小女儿30岁，嫁到陆丰，育有2个孩子。小女儿除了照顾孩子外，还在家里做些首饰装配；小儿子23岁，在梅陇镇的首饰厂打散工，收入很不稳定——有活的时候收入多，没活的时候便没进项。平均下来，一个月也就3000元的收入。除去800元的房租费和一些日常生活的费用后，几乎存不下什么钱。今天着实碰巧，远在广西的大女儿黄树颖回了娘家。当她从里屋走出来时，你的眼前一亮——这个女子的脑后梳着条粗黑的马尾，上身穿白T恤，下身是黑裤子，皮肤和母亲一样白净细嫩，眉眼相当标致。她热情地招呼你喝茶，周身都洋溢着青春的活力。你不禁陷入纳闷——这样一家人，看着如此整齐而体面，待人又如此和气而周到，何以会让生活陷入困顿？<br /> <br /> As the head of the family, he talked about his children. The eldest daughter is 32 years old, married to Guangxi, and has three children. The youngest daughter is 30 years old, married to Lu Feng, and has two children. In addition to taking care of the children, the youngest daughter also makes some jewelry fittings at home. The youngest son is 23 years old. He works as a part-time worker in the jewelry factory in Meilong Town, but his income is very unstable. When there is work, there is more income, and when there is no work, there is no income. On average, the monthly income is 3000 yuan. Apart from the 800 yuan rent and some daily living expenses, there is almost no money left. Today, it happened that Huang Shuying, the eldest daughter in Guangxi, returned to her parents' home. When she came out of the room, your face lighted up. This woman wore a thick black ponytail at the back of her head, wearing a white T-shirt and black pants. Her skin was as white and delicate as her mother's, and her eyebrows were pretty. She warmly greeted you to drink tea, and her whole body was full of youthful vitality. You can't help wondering why such a family, looking so neat and decent, and treating others so kindly and thoughtful, would make life difficult?<br /> <br /> ==== 李可依 Li Keyi====<br /> <br /> 原来，导致这个家陷入贫困境地的，是一场突如其来的大病。那是2013年，当黄小雄发现脖子上的淋巴变得肿大，便赶忙到医院检查。万万没想到，他居然被确诊为鼻咽癌！这消息如炸弹，让全家人都感觉手脚麻木。怎么办？唉！先不要想太多，赶紧住院吧！在医院里度过的那两个月，让黄小雄经历了双重煎熬——他的肉身和他的精神都极为痛苦。在做了各种检查之后，他准备接受一次大手术。虽然历经了各种各样的花式疼痛，可他都没有落下一滴泪，然而，看到那十几万的医药费清单时，他的眼泪忍不住淌下来。虽然这些费用报销了不少，但家里也补贴了很多，而且，他躺在医院里，也让家里丧失了一个劳动力。出院后，他的身体大不如从前，不仅干不了太重的活计，还要定期去医院复查，每查一次便要花费一万多呢！<br /> <br /> It turns out that what led the family into poverty was a sudden and serious illness. In 2013, when Huang Xiaoxiong noticed that the lymph in his neck had become swollen, he rushed to the hospital for a checkup. To his surprise, he was diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer! The news was like a bomb, making the whole family feel numb. What to do? Alas! Don’t think too much about it first, hurry to the hospital! The two months he spent in the hospital were a double ordeal for Huang Xiaoxiong - his body and spirit were both in great pain. After various tests, he was ready to undergo a major surgery. Although he experienced all kinds of pain, he did not shed a single tear, however, when he saw the list of more than 100,000 medical bills, he could not stop his tears from trickling down. Although these expenses were reimbursed a lot, his family still paid a lot, and, while he was laying in the hospital, there was one less laborer in the family. After he was discharged from the hospital, his health was not as good as it used to be, not only could he not do heavy work, but he had to go to the hospital for regular check-ups, and each check-up cost more than 10,000!<br /> <br /> It turned out that what led the family into poverty was a sudden and serious illness. In 2013, when Huang Xiaoxiong noticed that the lymph in his neck had been swollen, he rushed to the hospital for a checkup. To his surprise, he was diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer! The news was like a bomb, making the whole family feel numb. What to do? Alas! Didn't think too much about it, he had to hurry to the hospital first! The two months he spent in the hospital were a double ordeal for Huang Xiaoxiong - his body and spirit were both in great agony. After various tests, he was ready to undergo a major surgery. Although he experienced all kinds of pain, he did not shed a single tear, however, when he saw the list of medical bills which cost him more than 100,000yuan, he could not stop his tears from trickling down. Although these expenses were reimbursed a lot, his family still paid a lot. What's worse, while he was laying in the hospital, the family lost him as a laborer. After he was discharged from the hospital, his health was not as good as it used to be, not only could he not do heavy work, but he had to go to the hospital for regular check-ups, and each check-up cost more than 10,000 yuan!<br /> <br /> ==== 李佳珺 Li Jiajun====<br /> <br /> 俗话说，祸不单行。就在丈夫出院刚刚两年时，妻子又检查出糖尿病。之后，她因为脑血栓而引发了中风，致使嘴歪腿软，根本无法下地走动。经过一年多的治疗，耗费了一万多的医药费，最终才勉强好起来。夫妻双双遭受病痛折磨，而女儿们又都远嫁别处，儿子只有一份勉强维持的散工，于是，这个家便像一座屋顶镂空的房子，显得摇摇欲坠。2015年，当扶贫工作队进村进行审核时，他家便被核定为贫困户。<br /> <br /> As the saying goes, it never rains but it pours. Just two years after the husband left the hospital, the wife was diagnosed with diabetes. She then suffered a stroke due to cerebral thrombosis, which left her mouth crooked and her legs weak and couldn’t walk around at all. It took more than one year and over 10,000 yuan for the treatment to get her finally barely well. The couple both suffered from illness, but their daughters were all married far away, and their son was a casual laborer who could barely support himself. As a result, the home was like a hollowed out roof of the house, appeared to be crumbling. In 2015, when the poverty alleviation team visited the village for an audit, his family was certified as a poor household.<br /> <br /> As the saying goes, it never rains but it pours. Just two years after Huang Xiaoxiong left the hospital, his wife was diagnosed with diabetes. She then suffered a stroke due to cerebral thrombosis, which left her mouth crooked and her legs weak and couldn’t walk around at all. It took more than one year and over 10,000 yuan for the treatment to get her finally barely well. The couple both suffered from illness, but their daughters were all married somewhere far away, and their son was a casual laborer who could barely support himself. As a result, the home looked crumbling like a house with a hollowed-out roof. In 2015, when the poverty alleviation team went to the village to conduct an audit, his family was approved as a poor household.<br /> <br /> ==== 李鸿 Li Hong====<br /> <br /> <br /> 黄小雄陷入回忆——早在上世纪80年代家庭联产承包制时，村里给他家分了七八亩地。那时，大家都种水稻和西兰花，他家也不例外。然而，水稻卖不了什么好价钱，而西兰花则要看市场行情。全家人在地里从年头忙到年尾，算了算帐，才有几千元收入，除了勉强果腹别无盈余。如此忙碌却还是如此清贫，令一家之长陷入忧思。2010年，黄小雄做出了一个决定——将地让给亲戚种，举家搬到梅隆镇，靠做生意挣钱。他这样一个农民，前半生积攒的都是种地经验，并没有其它过硬的技术，手头也没有很多本钱，能做什么生意呢？ 他决定从最基本的小生意入手——卖鱼。<br /> <br /> Huang Xiaoxiong fell into memory—back in the 1980s, when the household contract responsibility system was implemented, the village allocated seven or eight acres of land to his family. At that time, everyone planted rice and broccoli, his family was no exception. However, rice did not fetch a good price, while broccoli depended on the market. The whole family was busy in the field from the beginning to the end of the year, but they had only a few thousand yuan of income, which was barely enough for them to make a living. In 2010, Huang Xiaoxiong made a decision to give up the land to his relatives and move his family to Meilong Town to earn money from business. However, he had accumulated no other skills except for the experience in farming during the first half of his life, and does not have a lot of capital, what kind of business can be done? He decided to start with the most basic and small business—selling fish.<br /> <br /> ==== 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 每日凌晨4点起床，这男人便急匆匆出门，赶往鲘门镇的码头。他要在这里等第一批从海上归来的渔船靠岸，在以批发价购买到足够多的鱼类后，他再包车拉到梅隆镇市场出售。唉，他赚<br /> 的都是些辛苦钱——一斤22元的鱼，在市场上卖25元。做生意有风险，总是时好时坏——有时，他踩对了点子，批来的鱼很受顾客欢迎，很快便销售一空；可有时，他的运气总是很背，剩下一堆鱼却卖不掉。全家人就这样忙碌着，一个月能挣上5000多元就算相当不错。虽然忙碌而辛苦，但却比种地要强。听到这个男人谈及往事时，你的面孔微微发烫——你曾被这里出产的鱼、虾、蟹所打动，念念不忘那种神奇的滋味。以致感慨自己曾经吃过的海鲜都是赝品，然而，你对卖鱼人的艰辛生活却毫不知情。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====<br /> <br /> 2015年，黄小雄又做出了另一个决定——重返坡平村，重新开始种地。在他做完鼻咽癌手术后还要不断化疗，对身体损耗极大，故而医生叮嘱他要好好休养；妻子在中风后逐渐恢复了身体，更需要一个安稳而祥和的环境疗养。黄小雄重回老家侍弄起土地，过起了“日出而作日落而息”的乡村生活。对于这个决定，他从来都没有后悔过。当他家被核定为贫困户后，村里的扶贫干部便针对他家的情况进行帮扶——先是免费发放袁隆平研发的水稻良性种子；又免费发放化肥等农资用品；通过虾养殖项目，每年可有1.5万元分红（包括2018年、2019年）；入股县里的“红色旅游”后，每年有1400元分红。除了这些帮扶之外，最令黄小雄感慨的，是“以奖代补”政策——为鼓励贫困户通过种地或打工致富，政府决定，贫困户每种一亩地可补1000元。这个政策让老黄家在2017年领到补助6000元；2018年为7500元；2019年为3850元。<br /> <br /> ==== 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei ====<br /> <br /> 事实上，贫困户和他们所做营生的矛盾之处在于——虽然他们精力充沛，拥有丰富的资源，而且做着白手起家的努力，但他们的大部分精力都花在了和周围很多其他人同样的事情上，这就让他们很难赚到更多的钱，由此，也便失去了过上富裕生活的机会。当扶贫干部发现坡平村的土壤和水质很适合种植番石榴时，便鼓励黄小雄干起来。可他却显得有些犹豫：“树不挂果怎么办？”“我们找专家来解决啊！”“销售不出去怎么办？”“我们来帮你联系啊！”于是，从2017年开始，老黄便在地里忙活了起来——当他将一根根树苗栽种到大田里时，满怀着希望。在安全地度过了2018年后，这片番石榴树在2019年年底时挂满了果实。按这个情况预算，番石榴的收入应在2万元左右。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi====<br /> <br /> 听说你想去地里看看时，黄树颖爽朗地答应道：“没问题！”于是，你坐在她的摩托车上出发，而后面跟着骑摩托车的周建华书记。你们一路颠簸，在穿过了几条乡村小路后，又拐上了一条大路，之后，来到了一片田野。当摩托车试图穿过鱼塘中的那条碎石小路时，因为颠簸得实在厉害，你赶忙跳下来推着车往前走。穿过碎石小路后，是一片开阔的田野，正午的阳光将琥珀色涂抹在一丛丛绿树上——啊！这就是黄小雄精心种植的番石榴树！这盛景令你不禁感慨——有时，贫穷并不仅仅意味着缺钱，它还会使人丧失挖掘自身潜力的能力。<br /> <br /> ==== 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====<br /> <br /> 现在，长在地埂两侧的番石榴树，每一棵都有一米多高，叶片硕大，果实青绿。穿行在地埂间，你像来到了某个郊区的小公园——林地里打理得十分干净，没有任何多余的杂草，而且树与树的间隔都是等距离的。你感慨自己多么幸运——居然看到了正在开花的番石榴！在你的视线中，那团白色花瓣有五片，正紧紧地相互挤挨着，中间簇拥的花蕊，像是一团正在绽放的乳白色烟花。在那个温柔的核心地带，集中了世界上一切的甜美。你发现虽然枝头挂满了果实，但那一个个拳头大小的东西，并不是青绿色的，而是白色的。却原来，果农为了保护果实不受伤害，怀着极大的耐心，在所有果实的外面都裹上一层白色的塑料袋。果农在干这件事时需要十二万分的小心——既要让袋子将果实全部包住，又不能在操作过程中伤害到侧旁的果实。<br /> <br /> Now, the guava trees growing on both sides of the ridge are more than one meter height, with huge leaves and green fruits. Walking through the ridge, you feel like you've come to a small suburban park -- the woodland is perfectly manicured, there are no more weeds, and the trees are spaced equidistant. You sigh how lucky you are to see a guava in bloom! In your line of sight, the group of white petals have five pieces which are tightly squeezed next to each other. The the cluster of stamens in the middle is like a blooming milky fireworks. In that tender core, all the sweetness of the world is concentrated. You see that the branches are covered with fruit. However, the fist-sized things are not turquoise but white. It turns out that in order to protect the fruit from harm, with great patience, all the fruit outside are wrapped in a layer of white plastic bags. Growers need to be extremely careful to do this -- to make sure that the bag covers all the fruit without damaging the side fruit in the process.<br /> <br /> ==== 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====<br /> <br /> 放眼望去，你的心里微微一抖——这个工程真不算小！那些上万颗的果实，都被套上了袋子，这便意味着套袋子这个动作，被黄小雄重复了一万次以上。你终于恍然大悟——何以他的肤色会那么黝黑！因他长时间暴露在田野，为这些树上的果实套袋子，所以他的整个面孔、脖颈和胳膊，都被阳光反复地炙烤过。你不觉心疼起来——这个男人在这块地里留下了多少汗滴？要知道，他不仅是一个接近六旬的老人，还是一个要做化疗的病人！若在城里，他是个马上要过退休生活的人，而在这里，他还拿自己当主劳力呢！<br /> <br /> ==== 关娜 Guan Na====<br /> <br /> 你想起刚才在老黄的屋子里，他对你说起的心里话。自2013年得病后，他便一直陷入到焦虑之中，觉得这个家可能撑不起来了；后来妻子中了风，更让他感觉雪上加霜，心灰意懒。2015<br /> 年，他决定重返村子时，只是想着边种地边修养身子。他根本想不到好日子居然都排在后头。2017年对老黄来说是个特别的好年头——他不仅开始种植番石榴，还申请到了5000元的医疗救助。他还盖起了栋新房子——虽然自己花费了9万元，但通过国家的危房补助政策，又拿到了4万元的补助。而之后，通过“以奖代补”政策获得补助和年底有各种分红，都是他始料未及的事情。他觉得一切都像是在做梦，但却又清晰地发生在眼前！黄小雄的眼神亮晶晶的——他是个见过世面的男人，也是个勤劳肯干的男人，更是个懂得生活真谛的男人！现在，这个平凡而普通的一家人，维持着一种简朴而自尊的生活。虽然他们的手头上没有太多余钱，但一家人生活在一起，心情却是笃定而踏实的。<br /> <br /> ==== 高燕 Gao Yan====<br /> <br /> 离开番石榴种植基地，从那条颠簸的石子路穿过时，你驻足在水塘旁。周建华书记介绍说——“这可不是岭南惯常所见的鱼塘，而是扶贫干部们争取到的对虾养殖基地！”你一听，两眼放光——就是这些鱼塘，为村里有劳动力的贫困户每年带来1.5万元的分红？周建华连忙点头。看起来，这个坑洼之地的模样极为普通，现在，正午的阳光让灰色水面变成一块块镜子。当你试图从表面朝下看时，根本看不到内里的情形——那是一汪姜黄色的浊水，完全看不到鱼虾在游动，或水草在摇摆。唯一让这片水域显得与众不同的是，在平稳的水面上，浮凸着一台增氧机。现在，正是从那条机器里辐射出的现代化气息，才让这片水域显得极为特别。当你站在水塘边时，感觉呼吸有些粘滞，好像空气停止了流动，身体处于一个密闭的空间里。你真不敢相信这里的气温——现在已是十二月底，可岭南的正午依旧炽烈火爆。你想象着那些村民在鱼塘里劳作时，应该满头大汗吧？而他们的皮肤，也应该被晒得像黄小雄一样黝黑发亮吧？<br /> <br /> <br /> As you leave the guava plantation and cross the bumpy gravel road, you stop by the pond. <br /> Secretary Zhou Jianhua introduced_&quot;This is not the fish pond commonly seen in Lingnan, but the prawn breeding base won by poverty alleviation cadres!&quot; As soon as you listen, your eyes shine_are these fish ponds, which bring 15,000 yuan of dividends to poor households with labor force in the village every year? Zhou Jianhua nodded quickly. The potholed place looked very ordinary, and now the midday sun turned the gray water into mirrors. When you try to look down from the surface, you can't see the inside at all-it's a turquoise pool of water, and you can't see fish swimming or grass swaying. The only thing that makes the water stand out is an aerator that bulges out of the smooth water. Now, it was the modernity radiating from that machine that made the water so special.When you stand at the edge of the pond, your breath feels a little sticky, as if the air has stopped flowing and your body is in a confined space. You can't believe the temperature here. Because its the end of December, but the sunshine in Linnan is still hot You imagine those villagers working in fish ponds, should be sweating? and their skin should be as tanned as Huang Xiaoxiong<br /> <br /> ==== 付静 Fu Jing====<br /> <br /> <br /> 当63岁的黄子华开口说话时，语调非常缓慢——比一般人放慢了语速后的速度还要慢——好像是一位祖父在对婴儿说话那般。听着那慢条斯理的话语时，你非但没有感受到舒服，然而觉得身子越来越凉，像撞在了一块冰山上。刚刚，你从正午的番石榴地里走过，在燠热的水塘旁驻足，而此刻，你却像走进了一座冷藏室。现在，你面前的这个男人梳着三七开的小分头，穿着件灰黑相间的夹克衫和蓝裤子，显得矍铄而清瘦。除了门牙有些脱落外，他的面部看起来没什么毛病，然而，他的那双眼睛却什么都看不见！你发现他的黑发里已有了白丝，面孔上也有轻微的皱纹。而这些细微之处，他自己是无从可知的。你凝视他的时候，感觉心尖上有种疼痛与酸楚混合在一起的味道。你感慨——原来，穷人的生活充满了风险！虽然，他们也会像预备过冬的鸟儿般，用嘴叼来一根根茅草做起窝，以防寒冷的侵袭。然而，他们却无法预测一场暴风雪的强度和力度。<br /> <br /> When Huang Zihua began to speak, the 63-year-old man spoke very slowly,even more than the average person would do, as if a grandfather was talking to a baby. Instead of feeling comfortable, you felt your body getting colder and colder, like you're hitting an iceberg. It goes like that you have just walked through a guava field at middle day and stopped by a sultry pond, but now you are walking into a freezer. The man in front of you was hale and lean, with a small-parted haircut, a grey-and-black jacket, and a pair of blue trousers. Apart from some loss of incisors, there was nothing wrong with his face, but he could see nothing! You noticed that there were grey strands in his black hair and slight wrinkles on his face. But these subtleties were invisible to him. As you stared at him, you felt a mixture of pain and sorrow at the tip of your heart. You sighed – the life of the poor is full of risks! Just like birds taking a straw in their beaks and making a nest to protect themselves from the cold, they did prepare for the winter, however, they could not predict the strength and intensity of a snowstorm.<br /> <br /> When Huang Zihua，the 63-year-old man，began to speak, he spoke in a very slow intonation, which is even slower than the speed of average people speaking slowly, as if a grandfather was talking to a baby. When you were listening to those slow and logical words，instead of feeling comfortable, you felt your body getting colder and colder, like you're hitting an iceberg. It goes like that you have just walked through a guava field at middle day and stopped by a sultry pond, but now you are walking into a refrigeration room. Now，the man in front of you seemed hale and lean, who was with a small parted haircut, and in a grey and black jacket and a pair of blue trousers. Apart from some loss of incisors, there was nothing wrong with his face. However, his eyes could see nothing! You noticed that there were grey strands in his black hair and slight wrinkles on his face. But these subtleties were invisible to him. As you stared at him, you felt a mixture of pain and sorrow at the tip of your heart. You sighed—— that the life of the poor is full of risks! Just like birds taking a straw in their beaks and making a nest to protect themselves from the cold, they did prepare for the winter, however, they could not predict the strength and intensity of a snowstorm.<br /> <br /> ==== 丁粤 Ding Yue ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 当你听他说起他的事情时，像是在看一部恐怖片，整个人都被惊悚情节所慑住！2002年时，当黄子华骑着的摩托车着火后，他简直处于束手无策的状态——那迎面而来的风将火苗吹到了他的身上，令整个胸膛全都燃烧起来。大火将他的头发和眉毛全部烧掉，又将他的双手烧得变形，还将他的前胸烧坑坑洼洼，像月球的表面。唉，屋漏偏遭连阴雨！到2007年时，他发现自己的眼睛开始一点点萎缩。在反复的挣扎后，双眼彻底失明。现在，留存他瞳孔中的人间影像，像一只高空中的风筝，早已遁形在远处的迷雾中。你恍然大悟——正是因为失明，才让他有了那种虽然慢条斯理，但却又和一般人的慢完全不同的语速。原来，在这种“慢”里，裹挟着因看不见而生出的各种犹豫。现在，他完全靠着听力来判断外部世界——现在，他不知道你长得是什么模样，也不知道你采访的目的是什么，更不知道自己以何种态度来迎接你。故而，虽然他站在屋里对你说“请坐请坐”，但其实，他像一台发电机，一直在嗡嗡嗡地旋转，满怀各种疑问。<br /> <br /> When you listen to him talk about his story, it's like watching a horror movie. You are completely frightened by the thrilling plot! In 2002, when the motorcycle that Huang Zihua was riding caught fire, he was in a state of helplessness——the oncoming wind blew the flames onto his body, making his whole chest burn up. The fire burned off his hair and eyebrows, burned his hands out of shape, and burned his front chest so badly that it became bumpy and rough, just like the surface of the moon. Alas, the house leaks and it suffers from continuous rain! By 2007, he found that his eyes began to shrink bit by bit. After repeated struggles, his eyes went completely blind. Now, the earthly image that remained in his pupil has long been hidden in the distant fog just like a kite in the high sky. You suddenly understand——it is because of his blindness that he has a speech speed that is slow and logical but completely different from that of ordinary people. It turns out that this &quot;slowness&quot; is wrapped in all kinds of hesitation caused by the blindness. Now, he relies entirely on his hearing to judge the outside world——now, he does not know what you look like, or what the purpose of your interview is, not to mention what kind of attitude he should greet you with. Therefore, although he stands in the room and says &quot;please sit down, please sit down&quot; to you, in fact, he is like a generator which is buzzing and rotating all the time, and is full of all kinds of questions.<br /> <br /> When you listen to him talk about his story, it's like watching a horror movie. You are completely frightened by the thrilling plot! In 2002, when the motorcycle that Huang Zihua was riding caught fire, he was in a state of helplessness——the oncoming wind blew the flames onto his body, making his whole chest burn up. The fire burned off his hair and eyebrows, burned his hands out of shape, and burned his front chest so badly that it became bumpy and rough, just like the surface of the moon. Alas, the house leaks and it suffers from continuous rain! By 2007, he found that his eyes began to shrink little by little. After repeated struggles, his eyes went completely blind. Now, the earthly image that remained in his pupil has long been hidden in the distant fog just like a kite in the high sky. You suddenly understand——it is because of his blindness that he has a speech speed that is slow and logical but completely different from that of ordinary people. It turns out that this &quot;slowness&quot; is wrapped in all kinds of hesitation caused by blindness. Now, he relies entirely on his hearing to judge the outside world——now, he does not know what you look like, or what the purpose of your interview is, not to mention what kind of attitude he should greet you with. Therefore, although he stands in the room, saying &quot;please sit down, please sit down&quot; to you, but actually he is like a generator that is buzzing and rotating all the time and is full of all kinds of questions.<br /> <br /> ==== 陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====<br /> <br /> <br /> 你不禁思忖起来——也许有时候，一场国际金融风暴对偏远地区的农民影响甚微，但一场意外的交通事故，或一场疾病，却会对他们造成严重的打击。有研究者发现，即使是在正常的年份，农业收入每年都会发生很大的变化。在孟加拉国的任何一个正常年头，农业工资可以高出或低于其平均工资水平的18%；而印度的农业工资的变化幅度是美国的21倍——因为美国农民都有保险，即便是收成不好的年头，他们可通过获得补贴而不致让生活水准大幅度下降。对于穷人来说，风险不仅仅限于收入或食品，还包括健康。然而，在中国那些偏僻的山村里，为自己的健康进行保险的人寥若星晨，故而一旦发生了危机事件，对这个家庭来说便是灭顶之灾。<br /> <br /> You can't help but wonder -- maybe sometimes an international financial storm has little impact on farmers in remote areas; however, an accidental traffic accident or a disease can hit them very hard. Researchers have found that even in normal years, industrial incomes can vary obviously from year to year. In any normal year in Bangladesh, industrial wages can be 18% above or below the average wage; while industrial wages in India vary 21 times as much as in the United States, where farmers are insured and even in bad years they receive subsidies, without a sharp drop in their livelihoods. For the poor, the risks are not limited to salaries or food, but also health. Nevertheless, in remote villages in China, where so few people can be insured for their health, once there’s a crisis, it can be devastating for the family.<br /> <br /> ==== 陈思阳 Chen Siyang====<br /> <br /> 也许人们会这样想——黄子华是不是太倒霉了！骑在摩托车上着火的概率并不高，怎么单单被他碰到了？这场偶发事件造成了灾难性的后果——他不仅浑身被烧伤，在医院治疗耗费一笔开支外，还大大折损了身体的元气，再也无法胜任重体力劳动。丧失劳动力对普通农户来说，是非常重的打击。然而，令他万万没想到的是，这一次的灾难居然不是终结版。几年后，他被视力下降的痛苦所折磨，最终，眼前一片暗黑。作为男人，作为家里的顶梁柱，他不仅丧失了劳动能力，且陷入需要他人照顾的困境。连续的厄运就这样降临在这个人家，像蜘蛛编网般，将全家人陷入困境。<br /> <br /> Perhaps people will think that Huang Zihua is not too unlucky! The probability of catching fire on a motorcycle is not high, how did he just touch it? The accident had disastrous consequence-not only was he burned all over and spent a fortune in hospital treatment, but he was also so debilitated that he could no longer perform heavy physical work. The loss of labor is a huge blow to the ordinary farmer. However, what he never expected was that this disaster was not the end. A few years later, he suffered from the pain of failing eyesight and, eventually, darkness. As a man, as the breadwinner of the family, he was not only unable to work, but also in need of care. In this way, a succession of bad luck fell on the family, like a spider's web, entangling the whole family.<br /> <br /> ==== 陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 和别的人家相比，这个家显得有些凌乱——客厅的面积不大，地上铺着瓷砖，但却有灰尘；窄长的茶几上摆着茶壶和茶杯，烟灰缸里有残渣；柜子上有台小电视，冰箱上则放着照明灯；一叠鼓鼓囊囊的袋子倚墙堆着，红木沙发上是米袋和面袋。然而，当你进入卫生间后，却发现地面镶嵌着瓷砖，安装着淋浴器和抽水马桶，显得相当整洁。据周建华书记介绍——这是海丰县“小厕所、大革命”的成果。原来，为了有力地改变农民群众的生活条件和生活习惯，海丰县进行了一场“厕所革命”。具体的措施是——对于那些建档立卡的贫困户，政府对其家中的厕所全资给予建设；而对其他农户则采用奖补方式进行补贴，每户补助金额达2700元以上；同时，县里还完成了无害化卫生户厕改造2147个，无害化卫生户厕普及率达100%；完成了卫生公厕建设624个，完成农村公厕新建和改造任务数的100%。<br /> <br /> <br /> Compared with the others , this house is a little messy-- the living room is small, tiled but dusty; there are teapots and teacups on the narrow end table and scraps in the ashtray; there is a small TV on the counter and a light on the refrigerator. A stack of bulging bags are stacked against the wall. On the mahogany sofa are bags of rice and flour. However, when you enter the bathroom, you can see that the floor is tiled, equipped with a shower and a flush toilet, and it looks quite neat. According to Zhou Jianhua, Secretary of Haifeng County, it is the result of the &quot;small toilet, big revolution&quot; in the county. In fact, in order to effectively change the living conditions and living habits of peasant masses, Haifeng County carried out a &quot;toilet revolution&quot;. Specific measures include: for registered poor households, the government granted full ownership to build toilets in their homes; for other peasants, the amount of subsidies reached more than 2,700 yuan per household by means of incentives and compensation. At the same time, the county also renovated 2,147 harmless sanitary toilets, the penetration rate of harmless sanitary toilets reached 100 percent; it also completed the construction of 624 sanitary public toilets, which accounted for 100 percent of the construction and renovation of rural public toilets.<br /> <br /> ==== 陈婧 Chen Jing ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 看着黄子华的模样，你不禁替这个家担忧起来——当男主人身强力壮时，可维持一家人的生计，但在接二连三的灾难降临后，这个家赚的钱会越来越少。这个家会堕入“贫穷陷阱”，继而踏上永久的贫穷之路吗？有研究表明：在印尼，如果一个家庭成员得了重病，那么这个家庭的消费水平就会下降20%。现在，黄子华一家就像失足掉入一个暗黑的坑道，虽挣扎着往前走，却不知何时才能看到光明。这种情况往往会带来很多心理问题——面对灾难，人们会感觉失去希望，没有出路，而这又大大降低了他们度过难关所需要的自控力。在重创之下，人们似乎不具备振作起来、重头再来的心理素质。最终，他们会产生抑郁情绪，像花朵失去水分般逐渐枯萎。<br /> <br /> Looking at Huang Zihua's countenance, you can't help worrying for this family - when the man was in his prime time, he could sustain the family's livelihood, but after the befalling of sequent disasters, their savings would get fewer and fewer. Will the family fall into the &quot;poverty trap&quot; and then embark on the road to permanent poverty? One study shows that in Indonesia, if a family member gets serious disease, the family's consumption would drop by 20%. Now, Huang Zihua's family is just like slipping into a dark tunnel. Although they're struggling to move forward, they do not know when they will see the light. This situation often brings about many psychological problems - people feel a loss of hope and no way out in the face of disaster, which in turn greatly reduces the self-control they need to get through it. Under heavy trauma, people do not seem to have the psychological qualities to cheer themselves up and start over. Eventually, they become depressed and wither away like a flower losing its moisture.<br /> <br /> ==== 蔡思 Cai Si ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 所幸，你看到的是另一个结果——这家人并没有被灾难打垮，反而在努力迎接挑战中获得了新生。现在，这个家的主劳力已变成了妻子和儿子。当他们忙完地里的活计后，会利用闲暇时间到镇里去打散工，以补贴家用。到了年底，通过“以奖代补”的政策，他们会领到7000多元的补助；同时，他们还可享受村里对贫困户的福利——春天耕种时可领到免费的稻谷种子和化肥；年底时有各类分红（南美对虾项目可分到1.5万元、红色旅游项目可分到1400元）；同时，黄子华有残疾补助和低保，每月能领到1000元补助。这样一算，这个家不仅可维持住日常生活，年底还有2万多元进账，加上妻子和儿子的打工收入，日子不再显得紧巴巴。<br /> <br /> Fortunately, what you see is another result——the family has not been devastated by the disaster, but has been reborn in the effort to meet the challenge. Now, the main labor of the family has become the wife and son. When they finish their work in the fields, they will use their spare time to work in the town to subsidize their families. By the end of the year, they will receive 7000 yuan in subsidies through the policy of &quot;replacing subsidies with awards&quot;; At the same time, they can also enjoy the welfare of poor households in the village——free rice seeds and fertilizers for spring planting; At the end of the year, there are various dividends (15,000 yuan for South American prawn projects and 1400 yuan for red tourism projects); In the meantime, Huang Zihua has disability allowance and subsistence allowance, and can receive 1000 yuan subsidy every month. This way, the family can not only support their daily lives, but also have more than 20,000 yuan at the end of the year, plus his wife and son's income from part-time jobs, life no longer seems hard-up.<br /> <br /> Fortunately, you see another result——the family has not been devastated by the disaster but has been reborn to meet the challenge. Now, the primary labor of the family has become the wife and son. When they finish working in the fields, they will spend their spare time in the town to subsidize their families. By the end of the year, they will have received 7000 yuan in subsidies through the policy of &quot;replacing subsidies with awards&quot; and enjoyed the welfare of poor households in the village——free rice seeds and fertilizers for spring planting. Besides, By that time, there will have been various dividends (15,000 yuan for South American prawn projects and 1400 yuan for red tourism projects). In the meantime, Huang Zihua has a disability and subsistence allowance and can receive a 1000 yuan subsidy every month. This way, the family can not only support their daily lives but also have more than 20,000 yuan at the end of the year, plus his wife and son's income from part-time jobs and life no longer seems hard up.<br /> <br /> ==== 白婷 Bai Ting====<br /> <br /> <br /> 黄子华感慨道：“每年中秋和春节，工作队都会送来1000多元的慰问金，还有大米、清油和棉被啊！”在他慢条斯理的讲述中，没有慌张，没有抱怨，也没有戾气，反而有一种异样的平静和笃定。事实上，也许给予贫困户一些希望、保障和安慰，便可以成为强大的刺激措施，当他们重新拾起自信；事实上，建立城乡居民最低生活保障，相当于建立了一种社会安全网络。如果人们的收入下降到一个特定范围，他们便可得到一个最低收入支持。给穷人勾画出一个未来，这样，他们就可以减少压力，无须担心没钱活不下去；这样，他们就会争取各种机会去努力工作，不再浑浑噩噩地混日子。<br /> <br /> Huang Zihua sighed: &quot;The team will send more than 1000 yuan of condolence money, as well as rice, clear oil, and quilts in every Mid-Autumn Festival and Spring Festival!&quot; His slow and logical narration, unexpectedly, was filled with calm and determination rather than panic, complaint, or anger. In fact, some hope, security, and comfort offered to poor households can serve as a powerful stimulus to help them regain confidence, and the establishment of minimum living security for urban and rural residents is equivalent to building a social security network. If people's income drops to a specific range, they can get minimum income support. Drawing a future for the poor can not only reduce the pressure and eliminate worry about not living without money but also encourage them to strive for every opportunity to work hard and not muddle along.</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=151559 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-14T12:17:07Z <p>Li Hong: /* 202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation) */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==Chinese nuptial tradition of bride price==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李佳珺 Li Jiajun, 202270081638&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article describes the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times and the differences between different regions.<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> <br /> the Five Mountains of China<br /> <br /> Abstract<br /> <br /> The five mountains of China, consisting of Mount Tai in the east, Mount Hua in the west, Mount Heng in the south, Mount Heng in the north and Mount Songshan in the middle, have evolved from mountain nature worship into the national worship system and the main carrier of various cultures in the course of more than 5,000 years of historical development, with extremely high historical, cultural, scientific and aesthetic values.<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田 Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> Chinese Architecture<br /> <br /> 李心田 202270081639<br /> <br /> Abstract<br /> <br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese architecture has experienced a long and splendid history of development. This passage is designed to give a general description of ancient Chinese architecture including imperial palaces, temples, China’s classical gardens as well as vernacular dewellings.<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=151553 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-14T12:15:02Z <p>Li Hong: /* 202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation) */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> Back to last page [[20221231_LangCult]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> =202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> ==The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times==<br /> &lt;center&gt;李鸿 Li Hong, 202270081637&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> =202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> Chinese nuptial tradition of bride price<br /> <br /> Abstract<br /> <br /> The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article describes the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times and the differences between different regions.<br /> <br /> =202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=<br /> <br /> the Five Mountains of China<br /> <br /> Abstract<br /> <br /> The five mountains of China, consisting of Mount Tai in the east, Mount Hua in the west, Mount Heng in the south, Mount Heng in the north and Mount Songshan in the middle, have evolved from mountain nature worship into the national worship system and the main carrier of various cultures in the course of more than 5,000 years of historical development, with extremely high historical, cultural, scientific and aesthetic values.<br /> <br /> =202270081639 李心田 Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> Chinese Architecture<br /> <br /> 李心田 202270081639<br /> <br /> Abstract<br /> <br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese architecture has experienced a long and splendid history of development. This passage is designed to give a general description of ancient Chinese architecture including imperial palaces, temples, China’s classical gardens as well as vernacular dewellings.<br /> <br /> =202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)=<br /> <br /> =202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)=<br /> ==Chinese Rural Education==<br /> &lt;center&gt;廖璐佳Liao Lujia,201826904035&lt;/center&gt;<br /> ===Abstract===<br /> With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.<br /> <br /> =202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)=</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult&diff=151541 20221231 LangCult 2022-12-14T12:06:43Z <p>Li Hong: /* Please write your topic here first. Only if it is not marked red by the teacher, you can start to write your paper on your respective sub page, you will find the link to your group on the bottom of this webpage */</p> <hr /> <div>Back to course homepage [[Chinese_Language_and_Culture_Fall_2022]].<br /> <br /> '''This is the final exam paper overview page.'''<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;Every student needs to find a topic, which is not in the textbook and has not been presented in class. Please check your topics in regard of this. All topics are ok except for those with red marks. Please suggest a new topic instead and wait for the teacher to remove the red marks.&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> =Tips to write your paper=<br /> 1. Every student should write a new English text '''not longer than 1,000 words''' on a phenomenon in Chinese culture as a new chapter in the text book. Please write the English topic both, behind your name on the bottom of this page and on the subpage [[20221231_LangCult_1]], [[20221231_LangCult_2]] etc. of the final exam subpage where you actually write your paper.<br /> <br /> 2. Please find a paper you want to proof read, contact the author, proof read (by copying each paragraph and make corrections/suggestions in the copy) . Please proof read a fellow students' paper by copying each paragraph and make your corrections in the paragraph. In a final step, the original author of the paper has to decide, what of the corrections he/she will accept and work into the paper. The final version submitted on the deadline should not carry any of the fellow student's paragraphs and comments.<br /> <br /> *You can use the texts in the coursebook as an example (like Unit 1, Text A). You only need to write Text A (like &quot;Longevity Noodles&quot;) or Text B (&quot;Mooncakes&quot;), not a whole Unit. But please try to find fellow students who topics fit under the same Unit title (&quot;Festival Meals&quot;) and arrange it accordingly.<br /> *In the topic, please write the category, then the topic - your name and student no.<br /> *For the text, please indicate ALL SOURCES with bibliographical references. That means: At least for every paragraph, sometimes for single sentences, you have to indicate at the end, where you have found this information. E.g. (Liu Miqing 2010, 17). This means you have found it in the book or paper written by Ms Liu on page 17. <br /> *Add a section at the end called &quot;References&quot;. <br /> *Please also add a list &quot;Terms and Expressions&quot;.<br /> *Please add a &quot;Questions&quot; section.<br /> *Please add a &quot;Answers&quot; section.<br /> *Please use at least 3 English sources and 2 Chinese sources<br /> *Please make sure to indicate after each paragraph the literature you refer to, e.g. (Wang 2021:324) or (Peterson 2020:12). Of course all of this literature needs to be indicated in detail in the References section in both English and Chinese. (So English literature needs to be indicated together with a Chinese translation of the bok title and the other way round.)<br /> <br /> ==Tips for writing your final exam paper: How to indicate your references==<br /> *You can use the existing book chapters here as an example.<br /> *Please write the text and indicate ALL SOURCES with bibliographical references. That means: At least for every paragraph, sometimes for single sentences, you have to indicate at the end, where you have found this information. E.g. (Liu Miqing 2010, 17). This means you have found it in the book or paper written by Ms Liu on page 17. And then, you need to add a section at the end called &quot;References&quot;. There you write the full version of the reference: Liu Miqing 刘宓庆. (2010). ''翻译基础'' [Translation Basis]. Shanghai: East China Normal University 华东师范大学. Similarly, you do it for papers: Jin Wenlu 靳文璐. (2019). 机器翻译可以取代人工翻译吗? [Can machine translation replace human translation?]. ''智库时代'' Think Tank Times (40) 282-284.<br /> *Do '''not''' write any references like in one of the sample chapters:<br /> <br /> [1] dsalkfkdsa<br /> <br /> [2] adsfadsfag<br /> <br /> But only the following way:<br /> <br /> (Liu Miqing 2010, 17) in the text<br /> <br /> and then<br /> <br /> '''References'''<br /> *Jin Wenlu 靳文璐. (2019). 机器翻译可以取代人工翻译吗? [Can machine translation replace human translation?]. ''智库时代'' Think Tank Times (40) 282-284.<br /> *Liu Miqing 刘宓庆. (2010). ''翻译基础'' [Translation Basis]. Shanghai: East China Normal University 华东师范大学.<br /> <br /> Also, please avoid using the three apostrophes like ' ' ' (without spaces). Use the equal signs to mark headers and subheaders instead. If your paper topic has two equal signs at the beginning and end of your topic, then use three equal signs for your sub headers. Example (without spaces):<br /> = = Topic = =<br /> &lt; c e n t e r &gt; Student Name, Student no. &lt; / c e n t e r &gt;<br /> = = = Abstract = = =<br /> This chapter is on ....<br /> = = = Key Words = = =<br /> Egg, Hen<br /> = = = 题目 = = =<br /> = = = 摘要 = = =<br /> = = = 关键词 = = =<br /> = = = Introduction = = =<br /> Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under ''References''.<br /> = = = The Egg = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = The Hen = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = Conclusion = = =<br /> Bla, bla, bla<br /> = = = References = = =<br /> Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. ''Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona'' Muenster: LIT<br /> = = = Terms and Expressions = = =<br /> Egg 鸡蛋<br /> .<br /> Hen 鸡<br /> = = = Questions = = =<br /> 1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)<br /> .<br /> A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> .<br /> = = = Answers = = =<br /> Correct answers are:<br /> .<br /> 1. C<br /> .<br /> 2. ...<br /> .<br /> 3. ...<br /> .<br /> 4. ...<br /> <br /> =This is the final exam paper website overview=<br /> <br /> ==Please write your topic here first. Only if it is not marked &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;'''red'''&lt;/span&gt; by the teacher, you can start to write your paper on your respective sub page, you will find the link to your group on the bottom of this webpage==<br /> <br /> 202270081625 白婷 Bai Ting 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081703 蔡思 Cai Si 日语笔译(Japanese translation) Chinese Shadow Play<br /> <br /> <br /> 202270081627 陈婧 Chen Jing 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081628 陈淑敏 Chen Shumin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081629 陈思阳 Chen Siyang 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081683 陈彦希 Chen Yanxi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081630 陈烨 Chen Ye 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Dumpling Culture<br /> <br /> 202270081631 丁粤 Ding Yue 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081632 付静 Fu Jing 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081633 高燕 Gao Yan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081634 关娜 Guan Na 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081685 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081704 何茉 He Mo 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081708 贺沛 He Pei 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081686 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081687 胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081688 黄安安 Huang Anan 英语口译(English interpretation)Chinese Funeral Etiquette Culture<br /> <br /> 202270081689 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081635 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081636 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun 英语笔译(English translation) Modern Applications of Traditional Chinese Color &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;Good choice!&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation) The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times<br /> <br /> 202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese nuptial tradition of bride price<br /> <br /> 202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation) the Five Mountains of China &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;'''This topic is already in the text book. Please choose a new topic. Please delete this red message when you read it.'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202270081639 李心田 Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Architecture &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;'''This topic is already in the text book. Please choose a new topic. Please delete this red message when you read it.'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Rural Education &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;Good choice!&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081643 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements in Animation&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;Good choice!&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202270081644 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting 英语笔译(English translation) Applications of Chinese 24 Solar Terms<br /> <br /> 202270081693 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081645 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 英语笔译(English translation) The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;Good choice.&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202270081694 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081710 鲁思 Lu Si 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation) The Relationship between Chinese Siheyuan Buildings and Traditional Cultural &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;'''This topic is already in the text book. Please choose a new topic. Please delete this red message when you read it.'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202270081711 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation) Chinese Etiquette Culture<br /> <br /> 202270081705 马明宇 Ma Mingyu 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081646 彭琦 Peng Qi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081647 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081651 覃诗雅 Qin Shiya 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081648 卿子晔 Qing Ziye 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081684 仇绪 Qiu Xu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081649 全永慧 Quan Yonghui 英语笔译(English translation) The Theory of Yin and Yang in TCM<br /> <br /> 202270081650 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Six Great Ancient Capitals<br /> <br /> 202270081695 疏珊 Shu Shan 英语口译(English interpretation) Chinese Mythology in Tao Te Ching<br /> <br /> 202270081696 王芳玲 Wang Fangling 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081652 王纪龙 Wang Jilong 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081697 王露 Wang Lu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081653 王琪 Wang Qi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081706 汪世博 Wang Shibo 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081654 王雅姝 Wang Yashu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081655 王植碧 Wang Zhibi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081656 王智灵 Wang Zhiling 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081698 吴博涵 Wu Bohan 英语口译(English interpretation) Ancient Chinese Wisdom in Water Conservancy Projects &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;Good choice.&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202270081659 伍超穎 Wu Chaoying 英语笔译(English translation) Lavish Burials in Chinese Funeral Culture<br /> <br /> 202270081658 吴敏 Wu Min 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081657 巫佳琳 Wu Jialin 英语笔译(English translation) The entertainment culture in Changsha City<br /> <br /> 202270081707 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli 日语笔译(Japanese translation)The reason why Chinese online novels go overseas - represented by WebNovel<br /> <br /> 202270081660 席书涵 Xi Shuhan 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese tea culture &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;'''This topic is already in the text book. Please choose a new topic. Please delete this red message when you read it.'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202270081661 夏盼 Xia Pan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081699 夏依颐 Xia Yiyi 英语口译(English interpretation) The Changes in Women's Clothing in China Since 1840<br /> <br /> 202270081662 夏紫纯 Xia Zichun 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081663 向明慧 Xiang Minghui 英语笔译(English translation) Modern Applications of Traditional Chinese Medicine &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;Good choice. Since we already have TCM in our textbook, please explain me what &quot;modern&quot; applications there are. If it persuades me, you can stick with this topic.&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202270081664 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081665 肖娜 Xiao Na 英语笔译(English translation)Chinese Festival: Double Ninth Festival &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;Please check if the topic is already in the text book. If not, you can write about it.&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202270081666 肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Yellow River Valley Civilization<br /> <br /> 202270081667 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081668 谢茜敏 Xie Qianmin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081669 谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou 英语笔译(English translation) <br /> <br /> 202270081670 谢紫佳 Xie Zijia 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Mystery Novels<br /> <br /> 202270081671 熊丹 Xiong Dan 英语笔译(English translation) Comparison of Chinese and western food culture under the background of “Chinese Culture Exporting’ &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;Good choice&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202270081700 徐思禹 Xu Siyu 英语口译(English interpretation) An Introduction of Er ren zhuan in Northeast China<br /> <br /> 202270081672 颜琦 Yan Qi 英语笔译(English translation) The Development of the Imperial Examination System in Ancient China<br /> <br /> 202270081673 杨思吟 Yang Siyin 英语笔译(English translation) The Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;'''This topic is already in the text book. Please choose a new topic. How about: &quot;TCM as a treatment for Long COVID&quot; Please delete this red message when you read it.'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202270081674 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081712 余海铭 Yu Haiming 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081626 曾晨 Zeng Chen 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081675 张海珊 Zhang Haishan 英语笔译(English translation) Warfare in Ancient China &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;Good choice.&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202270081676 张珂珂 Zhang Keke 英语笔译(English translation) China’s Four Largest Buddhist Mountains &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;'''This topic is already in the text book. Please choose a new topic. Please delete this red message when you read it.'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202270081677 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081678 张思诗 Zhang Sishi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081679 张婷 Zhang Ting 英语笔译(English translation) Live streaming culture in contemporary China<br /> <br /> 202270081680 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081701 章颖雯 Zhang Yingwen 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081681 张玉燕 Zhang Yuyan 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Horseface Skirt<br /> <br /> 202270081682 周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan 英语笔译(English translation) Funeral Culture in China &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;'''This topic is already in the text book. Please choose a new topic. Please delete this red message when you read it.'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202270081702 周子豪 Zhou Zihao 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081713 庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation) Chinese table manners &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;'''This topic is already in the text book. Please choose a new topic. Please delete this red message when you read it.'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> 202111080018 Wellsand, Benjamin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> ==First group==<br /> [[20221231_LangCult_1]] <br /> <br /> papers 1-10: 1. 白婷 Bai Ting, 蔡思 Cai Si, 陈婧 Chen Jing, 陈淑敏 Chen Shumin, 陈思阳 Chen Siyang, 陈彦希 Chen Yanxi, 陈烨 Chen Ye, 丁粤 Ding Yue, 付静 Fu Jing, 高燕 Gao Yan<br /> <br /> ==Second group==<br /> [[20221231_LangCult_2]] <br /> <br /> papers 11-20:关娜 Guan Na， 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu，何茉 He Mo， 贺沛 He Pei，侯永芬 Hou Yongfen，胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi， 黄安安 Huang Anan，黄舒威 Huang Shuwei，黄舒威 Huang Shuwei， 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu， 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun<br /> <br /> ==Third group==<br /> [[20221231_LangCult_3]] <br /> <br /> papers 21-30:李鸿 Li Hong，李佳珺 Li Jiajun， 李可依 Li Keyi， 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao， 李心田 Li Xintian， 李彦 Li Yan， 李梓玉 Li Ziyu， 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu， 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia， 刘丛领 Liu Congling<br /> <br /> ==Fourth group==<br /> [[20221231_LangCult_4]] <br /> <br /> papers 31-40:刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu， 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting， 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin， 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen<br /> ，刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing，鲁思 Lu Si， 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin，马明宇 Ma Mingyu ，彭琦 Peng Qi ，漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin<br /> <br /> ==Fifth group==<br /> [[20221231_LangCult_5]] <br /> <br /> papers 41-50:覃诗雅 Qin Shiya，卿子晔 Qing Ziye，仇绪 Qiu Xu，全永慧 Quan Yonghui，任嫚嫚 Ren Manman，疏珊 Shu Shan，王芳玲 Wang Fangling，王纪龙 Wang Jilong ，王露 Wang Lu，王琪 Wang Qi<br /> <br /> ==Sixth group==<br /> [[20221231_LangCult_6]] <br /> <br /> papers 51-60:汪世博 Wang Shibo，王雅姝 Wang Yashu， 王植碧 Wang Zhibi，王智灵 Wang Zhiling，吴博涵 Wu Bohan，伍超穎 Wu Chaoying， 吴敏 Wu Min，巫佳琳 Wu Jialin，伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli ，席书涵 Xi Shuhan<br /> <br /> ==Seventh group==<br /> [[20221231_LangCult_7]] <br /> <br /> papers 61-70: 夏盼 Xia Pan，夏依颐 Xia Yiyi，夏紫纯 Xia Zichun，向明慧 Xiang Minghui， 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu，肖娜 Xiao Na，肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin， 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu，谢茜敏 Xie Ximin，谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou <br /> <br /> ==Eighth group==<br /> [[20221231_LangCult_8]] <br /> <br /> papers 71-80:谢紫佳 Xie Zijia ，熊丹 Xiong Dan，徐思禹 Xu Siyu， 颜琦 Yan Qi，杨思吟 Yang Siyin，杨晰微 Yang Xiwei，余海铭 Yu Haiming ，曾晨 Zeng Chen，张海珊 Zhang Haishan， 张珂珂 Zhang Keke<br /> <br /> ==Nineth group==<br /> [[20221231_LangCult_9]] <br /> <br /> papers 81-90:张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei， 张思诗 Zhang Sishi，张婷 Zhang Ting，张文琦 Zhang Wenqi，章颖雯 Zhang Yingwen，张玉燕 Zhang Yuyan ，周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan ，周子豪 Zhou Zihao，庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang，Wellsand, Benjamin</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=151208 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-14T09:02:18Z <p>Li Hong: /* 202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation) */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> ==202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)==<br /> <br /> The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times<br /> <br /> Abstract<br /> <br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> ==202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)==<br /> <br /> ==202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)==<br /> <br /> ==202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)==<br /> <br /> ==202270081639 李心田 Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)==<br /> Chinese Architecture<br /> 李心田 202270081639<br /> Abstract<br /> Since 500 thousand to 400 thousand years ago’s Longgushan Mountain Cave, the first human habitat found in China till now, Chinese architecture has experienced a long and splendid history of development. This passage is designed to give a general description of ancient Chinese architecture including imperial palaces, temples, China’s classical gardens as well as vernacular dewellings.<br /> <br /> ==202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)==<br /> <br /> ==202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)==<br /> <br /> ==202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)==<br /> <br /> ==202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)==<br /> <br /> ==202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)==</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20221231_LangCult_3&diff=151206 20221231 LangCult 3 2022-12-14T09:01:57Z <p>Li Hong: /* 202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation) */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks: [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] Back to Tipps and Overview of the final exam papers: [[20221231_LangCult#This_is_the_final_exam_paper_website_overview]]<br /> <br /> ==This is the final exam paper website no. 3==<br /> Because this website got too large, we have split it into smaller websites. Please look for your name beneath to get to your smaller website<br /> <br /> ==202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)==<br /> <br /> The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times<br /> <br /> Abstract<br /> After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.<br /> <br /> ==202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)==<br /> <br /> ==202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)==<br /> <br /> ==202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)==<br /> <br /> ==202270081639 李心田 Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)==<br /> <br /> ==202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)==<br /> <br /> ==202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)==<br /> <br /> ==202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)==<br /> <br /> ==202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)==<br /> <br /> ==202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)==</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Lingnan_Englisch_4&diff=151095 Lingnan Englisch 4 2022-12-12T15:19:39Z <p>Li Hong: /* 李鸿 Li Hong */</p> <hr /> <div><br /> <br /> ==== Wellsand, Benjamin====<br /> <br /> 离开李家后，漆云良依旧跑步返回村委。跑着跑着，他自己先噗嗤地笑了起来。这种“跑步途中为老百姓看病”的行为，和“走方医”“赤脚医生”颇为相似。他想起孙思邈在《大医精诚》中说“凡大医治病，必当安神定志，无欲无求，先发大慈恻隐之心，誓愿普救含灵之苦”，不觉感慨万千。在医院工作时，他并未真正理解何为“大医”，而现在，当他在目睹了贫困户家里的窘迫后，真正理解了什么叫“无欲无求”，什么叫“恻隐之心”。只有懂得了这些，才能明白人间疾苦，才能心怀慈悲和恻隐，去不管不顾地去解救苦难。在这个过程中，“大医”是绝不会想到一丁点儿私利的。那一刻，他幡然醒悟——其实，无论他的角色是“漆医生”还是“漆书记”，他所干的事情都是为民造福，而在这个过程中，他从未想到过自己的得失。<br /> <br /> After leaving Li's house, Qi Yunliang still ran back to the village committee. As he ran, he burst out laughing himself. This behavior of &quot;ordinary people seeing the doctor on the run&quot; is quite similar to &quot;take a prescription medicine&quot; and the &quot;barefoot doctor&quot;. He thought of Sun Simiao's ''Great Physician's Sincerity'' saying, &quot;When a great doctor treats a disease, he must calm his mind and resolve his mind. He, without desire or need, must first show compassion and vow to save the suffering of the soul&quot;, and was filled with not a little emotion. When he was working in the hospital, he didn't really understand what a &quot;great doctor&quot; was, but now, after witnessing the distress in a poor family, he really understands what it means to &quot;have no need or desire&quot; and what is called &quot;compassion.&quot; Only by understanding these, can we understand the suffering in the world, with compassion and sympathy, and relieve the suffering irregardless. In this process, the &quot;great physician&quot; will never think of the slightest self-interest. At that moment, he suddenly realized that it did not matter whether his role was as &quot;Doctor Qi&quot; or &quot;Secretary Qi.&quot; What he did was for the benefit of the people and, in the process, he never thought about his own gains or losses.<br /> <br /> ==== 庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====<br /> <br /> 漆云良一直惦记着“驼子”刘健业。这一天，当虎门的一家服装厂捐赠了50多件新衣服后，他专门挑了两件去找刘健业。“驼子”虽身量不高，但却练得一身好武艺——能骑在自行车上到别村<br /> 去逛。“驼子”是个单身汉，总是将日子过得懒散邋遢——除了那皱巴而脏污的衣服外，最令人惊骇的，便是那又长又乱，且被污垢头油弄得支棱起来的头发。那不是头发，而是一团黑云。漆云良寻到村里会理发的妇女，递给她一百块钞票，请她帮忙给“驼子”理个发。可对方连忙摆手：“不行不行！那家伙身上味道的闻不得啊！”唉，漆云良不禁为“驼子”叹气——经常忘记洗澡的他，确实像一块移动的调料库，充满了各种浓郁而丰富的味道，让人们想掩鼻躲开。可也不能总是顶着一团黑云走来走去吧？漆云良借了把剪刀后，在村口给“驼子”剪起了头发。<br /> <br /> ==== 周子豪 Zhou Zihao====<br /> <br /> 这是他第一次剪发，虽然从什么经验，但剪刀在手，也就大权在握，只管那么咔嚓咔嚓地剪下去。那个时候，他并非觉得自己是在干好事，而只是简单地换位思考——若那团黑云顶在自己脑门上会怎样？一定会难受得要死吧！这样设身处地的联想后，他在剪发时并非觉得自己是在帮助别人，反而像是自己在帮自己。剔除掉黑云的“驼子”，像变成了另一个人。虽然还是矮小瘦干，但到底还是清爽了许多。“驼子”在照镜子时，眼神里打出一道闪电。陡然间，在他的脸上爆出一个没牙的笑容：“呵呵，呵呵。”继而，他将大拇指高高举起，喉头里的“呵呵，呵呵”变成了“哈哈，哈哈”。漆云良也笑了起来：“谁说你傻！其实你很聪明嘛！”他学着“驼子”的模样，也举起了大拇指高高翘起。这一举动，让“驼子”将嘴巴咧得更大，也愈发热烈地点着头。“驼子”的脸颊上布满热泪——从两颗原本又瘪又硬的眼珠子里，居然能流淌出液体！后来，在漆云良的建议下，村里给“驼子”安装了台电视机，让他在夜晚不要那么孤独寂寞。漆云良还想给“驼子”家装个太阳能热水器，能让他洗上热水澡。在这个村子里，“驼子”是边缘人中的边缘人，然而，“在扶贫的路上，不能落下一个贫困家庭，丢下一个贫困群众。”<br /> <br /> ==== 周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan====<br /> <br /> 看到路灯照耀在村委会文化广场时，漆云良不禁感慨：“环境这么好，得利用起来啊！”他决定每周三的晚上，在这里教村民打太极拳。从“掤捋挤按须认真，上下相随人难进；任他巨力来打我，牵动四两拨千斤”的揽雀尾，再到“意趣环生味无穷，恰似杨柳摆春风；练到优美柔和处，行云流水一般同”的云手，他悉心地纠正着村民们的每一个动作。这些与土地打了一辈子交道的人，手掌像是泥塑的，布满干燥而龟裂的纹路。他们的身躯像一块胡杨木，僵硬得毫无韵律感。“学太极能帮助人们去除浮躁，修身养性，外练筋皮骨，内练精气神。”在漆云良的鼓励下，贫困户蔡新华夫妇、谭发善夫妇、村民李润兰、蔡润娣、村医刘娟红、村支书李文满、镇农业办袁主任、村老妇女主任刘大姐等人，通通成了他的学生。为了方便联系，大家还建立起了一个“斜周太极微信群”。只要到了时间，学员们便跟随老师的身影，挥手踢腿，摆起了架势，让这个小村的夜晚有了别样的气息。<br /> <br /> ==== 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi ====<br /> <br /> 这股摩登而时尚的气息，让古老的乡村为之一颤。那些经常喝酒、抽烟、打牌、熬夜的人，被路灯下那整齐的运动场景给震慑住。他们先是紧绷一张张菜黄的脸发愣，然后，再一个个躲进暗处，不好意思露面。<br /> 2020年2月4日是立春，天空飘着濛濛细雨。原本，这是春竹拔节的时刻，然而，由于2019年年底爆发的新型冠状病毒疫情，让小村的春天姗姗来迟。小村似乎进入了战备状态，到处都弥漫着一股浓浓的紧张气氛。这天一早，镇委书记和镇长来村里开会，落实了工作重点——要强化临时监测哨卡的巡查，要加大力度进行健康教育，要及时送达与告知疫情信息，要对疫区返回人员加强体温监测，要发放口罩、体温仪和消毒液等防护物资等等。考虑到村里的老年人、慢性病人的抵抗力较差，漆云良便和大家商定了“入户走访，监测体温，不漏一个”的目标。这一天，他的工作重点是到贫困户家测量体温——在41户的172名人员中，包括26名居住在外地的人员，18名从深圳和广州来村的人员。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 张婷 Zhang Ting====<br /> <br /> 当他来到刘培宗家时，刘的妻子张富香热情地招呼刀：“漆书记来了！快进来坐！”正在劈柴的老刘听闻，即刻丢下柴刀进了门。巧得很，老刘的两个女儿宝莲和涓莲也都在家，齐声向漆书记问好。这个家看起来相当简朴，但却十分和乐。漆云良想起自己第一次来的时候，简直卖不开步子——那间老屋又黑又小，岌岌可危。现在，全家人都搬进了新居，每个人的脸上都喜气洋洋；现在，这个家终于把“村里唯一没有完成危房改造”的帽子给摘掉了。在测量体温时，漆良云对老两口叮嘱道：“出门一定要戴口罩啊！”他不厌其烦地演示戴口罩的正确方式，还告诉他们，他到别人家也会这么说的。在村里住久了，他已相当了解村民的心里——怕自己戴口罩给邻居们笑话。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 张思诗 Zhang Sishi====<br /> <br /> 他拿出个红包塞给宝莲：“你在学校要好好读书，在家里要多做家务活，还要对爸妈多讲些防疫知识啊。”宝莲即刻点头：“漆书记放心吧，我一定让爸妈出门时戴上口罩！”原本，他以为劝说戴口罩是个达难题，但现在，就这样迂回地解决了，心里一阵高兴。他感慨，有些干部虽然心肠很好，但工作方式稍显粗暴，好像总是在对不上的时间里，说了接不上的话题，和村民的关系反而越努力越疏离。临出门时，他还不忘和男主人谈及收成。老刘显得相当坦然——原本农作物会有6万多元的收入，但现在受疫情影响，可能会少一点，但总体还是可以的。漆云良又叮嘱了几句，这才出发去另一户人家。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei====<br /> <br /> 测体温看起来并不费劲，但却非常耗时。况且，当他这样一户户挨着量时，总是不忘询问收成如何，有无困难。他用最朴素的语言讲解疫情，反复强调“不聚会、少出门、勤洗手”的重要性。等走访完西坑8户26个人后，已到下午一点。同事摸了摸肚子所：“饿了吧？”漆云良却笑道：“要不，一鼓作气，把黄石坑和瑶前村的五户也走访完？”“走！让我们跟时间赛跑！”简单的午饭后，他们又去了小枧坑、大印头和黄溪水村。等晚上七点半回到村委时，他们已走访了38家贫困户，测量体温126人，电话随访居住外地的贫困人口26人，监测外来人员18人，发放宣传单150余份。这些事做起来，根本无法行云流水，反而粘滞琐碎，然而，大疫当前，唯有把这些小事做细致做踏实，才能取得真正的成效。<br /> <br /> ==== 张珂珂 Zhang Keke====<br /> <br /> 这天晚饭后，漆良云并没有合衣安眠，而是再次出门——他还要去哨卡巡视。原来，自从打响防疫战后，村里便在三个道路口设立了临时监测哨卡，用大喇叭播放疫情防控知识，劝阻外地人员暂不返乡，又要监测、登记来往人员的体温，还要防止外来车辆、外来人员进入。在哨卡上值班的，有村干部组、兄弟组、夫妻组、父子组、军人家属组、大学生组等不同组合。大家都绷着一根警惕的弦，认真负责地检查着。巡完哨卡返回村委时，已是夜里九点半。躺在床上后的他依旧心绪不平，琢磨着明天的工作该怎么干才能周到而详尽。他思忖着，农村的防控工作还是要发动群众，让被动防护变成主动防控。那么，要不要在村里搞一次全民健康大宣教？在宣教时，要不要找人演示一下个人防护的过程？他从床上翻身下来，打开笔记本，抄录下毛泽东主席的诗句——“借问瘟君欲何往，纸船明烛照天烧”。<br /> <br /> == Part 26 ==<br /> <br /> ====张海珊 Zhang Haishan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 唠家常、小红包和拆旧房<br /> <br /> 在一个星期天的早上，漆云良从村委出发时，对自己进行了全幅武装——戴草帽、套雨鞋、穿长袖衣、拎矿泉水瓶。步行40分钟后，他来到了谭蒙山的家。老谭身量不高，皮肤黄黑，浑身精瘦。他长着一双大眼睛，但眼尾纹却格外深刻。已经是65岁的人，但他还是家里的主劳力，然而，毕竟年龄不饶人——发际线明显倒退，令老谭的整个前额全都裸了出来；所剩不多的头发也变得花白，连嘴唇和下巴处的胡子也是花白的。老谭的妻子虽然体型高大，但力气却很小，根本干不动体力活；女儿结婚后生育了两个孩子，但年龄都还小，需要大人照顾；女婿虽然年轻力壮，但因常年在深圳打工，家里的活计也帮不上忙。<br /> <br /> ==== 曾晨 Zeng Chen====<br /> <br /> 远远的，山路上走来两个人，都肩扛锄头手提木桶，根本分不出哪一个是书记，哪一个是村民。两个人徒步半小时后，来到一个小山冲。望着满山的油柚、贡柑与沙糖橘，老谭的嘴角微微翘起——这不仅仅是属于他的橘园，还是属于他的希望，他的梦想。老谭是村子里的老高中生，比别人更容易接纳新知识。他家很早就完成危房改造——两层半的水泥平房四方四正，煞是气派。这栋房子虽然花了老谭家的不少财产，但有国家补助的4万元，让老谭又甚是安慰。老谭很注意学习种植技术——在山上的这300多棵柑橘，长势一直良好，预测收成会不错。<br /> 进入橘园后，两个人便开始拿着锄头挖水渠——只有渠沟深凹，才能贮存下更多的山泉水，才能浇灌这些果树。漆云良双手握着锄把，用力一挥，让锄头的顶部锋刃咬住地面，再用力向下一弯，抠出一块泥土；然后，再用力一挥，再向下，再抠出另一块！这一块接着那一块，这一块之后还有那一块，这一块和那一块完全不同。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====余海铭 Yu Haiming====<br /> <br /> 虽然已经一块接着一块地抠出了泥土，然而，小小的锄头却无法切断深坑内部那根连根的密网。怎么办？只能用最笨的办法——只能是这样一块那样一块地挖下去。通过一次次撞击，最终，让整条渠完全下沉，变身为深深的沟壑。这样的重体力劳动，是漆云良从未遇到过的——年轻时他在老家也干过农活，可那时，他的身子从来不觉得累；后来，他常年从事医务工作，难得有抡起锄头的机会。而现在，他的T恤衫已全部被汗水湿透，黏糊糊地贴在胸腔和后背上；他的手臂因为举着锄头一起一伏，变得僵硬而麻木；他的脚底上沾满了黏糊的泥土，那泥土增加了些许重量，让他每向前挪动一步都格外困难。<br /> <br /> ==== 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei ====<br /> <br /> 这一天的日头格外猛烈，撒下千万条金箭，直愣愣射在他的肩膀上。趁着擦汗之际，漆云良和老谭唠起了家常：“其实啊，你可以接些水管，再弄些开关与喷嘴，把溪水引到橘园里，省得这样一锄头一锄头地挖啊！”然而，老谭却面露犹疑之色，嘴唇紧绷。过了片刻，他忍不住叹息，又降低声调，道出自己的秘密。原来，这片柑橘园才出产，还不知今后收成怎样，所以他不想过多投资，否则，收入会不可逆转地下滑。漆云良不觉纳闷：“现在国家的农村政策这么好，为什么不投资呢？”原来，老谭并非不相信政策，而是觉得没有接班人。老谭再次叹气后，像患者要揭开自己的伤疤般，吐露的词语浸泡着疼痛的感觉：“唉，女婿是上门入赘的，到底不能像儿子那样随便使唤；女儿还要照顾小孩，干农活又没有力气。”漆云良思忖了一会，劝导老谭：“要不，让你女儿多做做女婿的思想工作，打工到底不能干一辈子，还是要把自己的传家宝继承下来嘛。”看老谭的脸色有些缓和，他又给老谭吃上一颗定心丸：“要不这样，等有机会，让我来和你女婿谈一谈。”老谭的眼睛弯了起来，喜上眉梢：“那当然好啊！”漆云良说：“女婿的事情包在我身上，你还是把注意力放在橘园里。我在村里还要干两年，我会来帮你的！”老谭激动地点头说：“我会努力干的！”<br /> <br /> ==== 杨思吟 Yang Siyin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 中午时分，两个人便从山里返回村中。漆云良将锄头和木桶放回老谭家后，朝村委走去。这时候的阳光，是一天中最为猛烈的，简直像千万道激光辐射而下，令他再次大汗淋漓，连头发都黏成了一缕一缕，裤脚上还粘着泥巴。和村里的乡亲们打照面时，对方的眼里都含着笑意：“漆书记好！”他在点头示意时，不觉哑然失笑。他这副装扮，根本不像一个书记，简直就是一个刚从山里干活回来的村民。虽然浑身黏糊，胳膊和大腿异常疲惫，腰也极为酸痛，但他的心情却甚为愉悦。简单地洗漱了一番后，他在笔记本上写下这样一句话：“脚下有泥土，头顶有灵光。”是的，这是他最近的领悟。他在村里住得越久，越明白与贫困户的相处之道——要把自己整个儿地交出来，要和他们一起吃饭，和他们一起下地劳动，懂得他们碗里的咸淡，懂得他们劳作的艰辛，懂得他们内心的伤痛，他们才会认可你。一旦他们和你建立起亲密的情感关系，他们便会讲出心里话，也愿意接受你提出的建议。<br /> <br /> ==== 颜琦 Yan Qi====<br /> <br /> 不出几日，听说老谭的女婿从深圳回来，漆云良便赶忙去找小伙子谈心。只见这个年轻人个头很高，大约有一米七八，但却身形稍显单薄精瘦。漆云良开门见山地说：“现在，粤北的农村<br /> 发展得这么好，你岳父也打好了基础，你再打两年工后，要把重点放回到田里，要以搞农业为主啊！”看到女婿有些愧怍不安，他又趁热打铁地说：“在家里种柑橘，既能致富又能和孩子一起成长，岂不更好？你想想，你已经是两个孩子的父亲了。”女婿像被击中了软肋，浑身一紧，旋即点头倒：“嗯，没问题，再过两年一定回来！”到2019年年底，老谭家的柑橘收入将近4万元，加上其他收入，已完成脱贫指标。漆云良思忖，若是日后女婿能回来继承橘园，这个家便不会存在返贫的危险。<br /> <br /> ==== 徐思禹 Xu Siyu ====<br /> <br /> 在另一个星期天，但那天是下午，漆云良来到李荣生家。这个家显得十分简朴——白石灰粉刷的墙壁，原木色的柜子，再加上原木色的沙发和饭桌，让整个房间显得温馨可人。跟随着这对夫妻，他来到山上的橘园。风景相当不错，但从四面八方吹来的热风直直地扑打了面颊上，让他喘不上气来。男主人47岁，中等个头，理着个小平头，皮肤是姜黄里透着黝黑的那种咖啡色。很明显，他的气色相当差——皮肤的光泽已变得钝然，虽然眉眼还算清秀，只是在额头和眼角的皱纹，却如泥土裂开般深刻。他的体型几乎不能用“精瘦”来形容，而几乎算得上“形销骨立”——套在身上的T恤衫显得松松垮垮，没有一点厚度，也没有一点分量。他的身体看起来轻飘菲薄，像个掏空了瓤子的葫芦瓢。然而，这个男人的性情却内敛而羞涩，一笑时，显露出一口白牙。然而，漆云良却见不得那男人笑——他越是笑，漆云良的心里越是酸楚。要知道，这可是位尿毒症患者啊！<br /> <br /> ==== 熊丹 Xiong Dan====<br /> <br /> 李荣生家的主要收入来源便是这山上的柑橘和三亩水稻。<br /> The main sources of income for Li Rongsheng’s family are oranges and three mu of rice on the mountain.<br /> <br /> 妻子邓渊梅才刚过而立之年，肩宽体壮，已成为全家的主劳力。<br /> His wife, Deng Yuanmei, just turned 30 years old.He has become the main labor force of the whole family with broad shoulders and a strong body. <br /> <br /> 由于常年从事重体力劳动，这个女人的脸庞被晒得黝黑发红。<br /> Her face was tanned and flushed from years of hard manual labor.<br /> <br /> 可是，她一个人只有两只手，一天从睁眼忙到天黑，累得眼前阵阵发暗，还是有一堆的活没干完。<br /> But she, a person, only has two hands, a day from open eyes busy to dark, tired eyes bursts of dark, and there still has a pile of work not finished. <br /> <br /> 无奈，他们只能被迫减少水稻的种植。然而，柑橘却不能不种——那可是全家人最重要的收入来源！<br /> They cannot help but decrease planting rice. However, the citrus have to be plant—those are the most important source of income! <br /> <br /> 由于丈夫重病，女人勉强持家，这个家成为全村唯一的一户“易返贫农户”。<br /> As for her husband’s serious illness, the woman gained a bare livelihood of family, which has become the only one in the villages &quot;easy to return to poor peasant.&quot; <br /> <br /> 在2018年时，这家人的收入甚为萧条，年收入仅有6000元。他们全家主要靠每月近2000元的低保维持生活——四个人每人每月484元。然而，橘园不能荒废——山上和田里的柑橘加在一起，足有600多棵，且不断挂果，而这些果实，是他们在2019年的全部希望。<br /> In 2018, this family’s income was very low, with an annual income of only 6000 yuan. The whole family mainly depends on a monthly allowance of 2000 yuan to maintain lives— 484 yuan per person for four people. However, the orchards cannot be left to wast—added the citrus of the mountains and fields together, which have more than 600 citrus trees, and they are bearing fruit that is all they have to hope for in 2019.<br /> <br /> ==== 谢紫佳 Xie Zijia====<br /> <br /> 给橘园施肥可是个技术活——既要看柑橘的花、叶与果实的需要，还要看天气状况。细心的果农总结出最佳的施肥时间，便是下雨的前一天。如果没有赶在这一天施肥，那么柑橘的收成便<br /> 会大受影响。考虑到李荣生家缺劳力，漆云良便和这对夫妻商量，一定要在下雨前的那一天过来帮忙施肥。走进曲径通幽的橘园中时，漆云良看到园内已备好了小型抽水机、水管、水桶、高压喷枪和复合化肥。三个人便开始分工协作地干了起来——在李荣生夫妇往每棵树下洒化肥时，漆云良便拖着六十米的水管，举起水枪，朝洒有化肥的树下喷水。这边撒，那边喷，协作劳动的效率就是高！看到有些山坡实在高，无论水枪怎么喷都喷不到，他便采用最原始的办法——用桶子装上水，提着走上去再浇灌。<br /> <br /> ==== 谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou ====<br /> <br /> 他就这样一桶一桶地提着水。虽然腿成了抽去骨头的肉棍子，但他依旧用精神支撑着——只有让每一颗化肥都被水溶解，来能保证这片橘园的丰收，才能让这个家庭的日子继续下去。山上的温度越来越高，云朵像调皮的小孩从一边往另一边跑，太阳则让泡了水的化肥释放出一股浓烈的味道。忙碌干活的漆云良发现自己的嗓子干涩，怎么都吞咽不下唾沫。整个的午后，他便这样沤在潮湿的闷热中，拖着那条长蛇般的水管走来走去。他的汗水不是一滴一滴地流下来，而是像下雨般倾泻出来，令衣衫的前胸和后背全都湿漉漉，好像身上涂了一层热浆糊。他感慨自己不过是偶尔过来帮忙，可这样的活计，对这对夫妻来说，却是家常便饭。而当丈夫的，却还是一位尿毒症患者！他是职业医生，当然知道那个病意味着什么，可出现在他眼中的这对夫妻，却充满了乐观精神，从来不曾抱怨，也不曾仇恨，只是勤勉地工作，试图改变自己枯索的穷日子。<br /> <br /> ==== 谢茜敏 Xie Ximin====<br /> <br /> 如此勤劳的一对夫妻，何以让家庭陷入贫困陷阱？原来，疾病和学费是这个家的两大黑洞。男主人每年平均的医药费都在10万元左右，虽然可以报销95%，但家里到底还是丧失了一个主要劳动力；两个孩子的学费，也是一堵墙，死死地压在父母的肩膀上。16岁的大女儿李静，性格腼腆,就读在韶关市北江中等职业学校，每年的学费和住宿费要花3万多；10岁的小女儿李燕，性格活泼,就读于扶溪学校三年级。虽说小学的学费全免，但买文具及日常生活也是一笔不小的费用。这样零零总总算下来的数字，和卖柑橘的数字一比对，自然显得格外庞大。<br /> 为了省钱，李荣生经常一个人骑着摩托车，自己到30公里外的医院去做透析！他这样做，既省下了坐公共车的钱，也省下了妻子陪护的时间。每每想到那个画面——那位孤独的男人正骑着摩托车朝医院奔去时——漆云良的眼圈便会发红，鼻孔便会发酸，感觉泪水止不住要流下来。他佩服李荣生——看起来，这个男人看是那样得普通，然而，他却有着超越常人的坚强意志。这种罕见的生存能力像是一种天赋，在贫穷的环境里也没有遭到稀释，反而完整地保存了下来。<br /> <br /> ==== 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 为了帮扶这个家，他建议村里给邓渊梅解决了一个公益性岗位，每月能有1000多的收入。两个孩子，也分别享受到国家的助学补助——大女儿获得5000元的学费补助和3000元的生活补助；小女儿获得3000元生活补助。即便这样，这个家的日子依旧紧紧巴巴。在2019年年底时，漆云良发动了一场“消费扶贫、爱心奉献”的活动——由镇政府按最低成本价筹集优质大米，每袋10斤，按一袋60元销售，将销售利润捐赠给李荣生。最终，他将筹得的6800多元善款送到了李荣生家。春节时，李荣生70多岁的母亲为了表示感谢，专门给漆云良包了个50元的小红包。漆云良捏着红包，感觉鼻子阵阵发酸。这样一位老人，靠着平日里的节俭，一点一滴挤榨着一角钱两角钱，最终才攒出了这50元。他可吃不消这份厚礼，所以，他当然是坚定地退了回去，然而，老人家的一片心意他却领受了。<br /> <br /> ==== 肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin ====<br /> <br /> 在2020年年初，漆云良从新闻里了解到东莞市的扶贫情况——通过从2016年到2019年的努力，东莞扶贫的韶关、揭阳两市的323贫困村，贫困户的生产生活条件已有了明显改善；扶贫干部帮助贫困村开展村道硬底化近2000公里，实施饮水安全工程512宗，危房改造4768户，修建广场626个，建设卫生站339个；贫困村集体平均年收入从2015年底的3.08万元增长到2019年的15.39万元，年均增长率高达49.5%。他反复阅读着这些数据，一点都不觉得枯燥。因为在这些数字里，包含着他和斜周村人的努力。<br /> <br /> ==== 肖娜 Xiao Na====<br /> <br /> 当他反复凝视着这句话——“危房改造4768户”时，不觉在嘴角弯起一个笑容。在这个数字里，有他的一份小贡献。那一天，他依旧是早晨5点起床，在背完汤头歌诀与《百症赋》后，即刻<br /> 出门跑步。从斜周村到扶溪镇，中间是10公里的246省道。路途中，每每遇到去赶集的村民，他们都要停下脚步，带着炫耀的神情过来问候——“漆书记，坐我的摩托车吧？”“漆书记，我稍您吧？”他向村民们摆摆手，满嘴“谢谢，不用了”，可心里却想，“人知从太守游而乐，而不知太守之乐其乐也。”路过大印头村小组时，他发现祠庙里聚集了不少村民。原来，今天是祠堂祭祀“吃庙会”的日子。现在，他对斜周村的各个村小组都已了如指掌，知道这个小组住着三四十户人家，很多年轻人都去珠江三角洲一带打工，而在祠庙里祭祀的是蔡十八郎。相传，是蔡十八郎日夜看守着锦江，守护着斜周村，才保得这里风调雨顺。每天，都有虔诚的老奶奶到庙里来烧香祭拜。<br /> <br /> When Qi repeatedly stared at this sentence--&quot;4,768 households of dilapidated housing transformation&quot;, unconsciously a smile was curved in the corner of mouth because of his samll contribution for this number. He still got up at five o'clock a.m. that day and then went running immediately after reading Recipes in Rhymes and Baizheng Fu(a composition about the treatments of various diseases) . There was provincial highway 246 about 10 kilometers from Xiezhou village to Fuxi town. Every time the villagers who went to the market met him on the way, they would stop and come over with an air of triumph to greet, &quot;Secretary Qi, take my motorcycle?&quot; he said, &quot;No,thanks.&quot; And then he would think that people only know the happiness of playing with the prefecture but they don't know he takes the tourists' joy as happiness. While passing the group of Da Yintou village, he found that not a few villagers gathered in the temple. And it turned out that today was the day for sacrificing in ancestral temple and &quot;Eating in temple fair&quot;. Nowadays, he knew all about groups of Xiezhou village and the facts that this group was made up of thirties or fourties households, and many young people came to the Pearl River Delta Region to work and Cai Shi-ba-lang (the 18th son in the Cai's family) was worshipped in the temple. Cai Shi-ba-lang, according to legend, watched over the Jin Jiang River and Xiezhou village from day and night and that was why it was good weather for crops here, therefore, there were old pious women caming to the temple to burn incense and worship every day.<br /> <br /> ==== 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 傍晚时分，有村民来到他的住处，硬拉着他去“吃庙会”。他推辞不过，便跟着来了。只见庙前摆着七八张围桌，桌上放着饼干、花生、瓜子之类的小吃。到了下午六点，人们在锣鼓队的带领下，拿着油灯、纸符和纸船，小心翼翼地穿过公路与农田，来到锦江边。在起誓祈祷、敬献公鸡之后，又点燃纸船里的灯芯，燃放鞭炮，放船归海，祈求在家者人畜兴旺，在外者事业有成。这个偏僻的粤北小村虽不富裕，可人们却勤劳地经营着每一天，内心充满虔敬。这种气氛深深感染着人群中漆云良，让他觉得自己像一粒盐，已彻底融入小村的日常生活。从河边返回就餐时，他发现自己与大印头村民林辉南同桌。老林有一张褐黄色的脸庞，在村里也算是德高望重的人物。一看到漆书记，老林即刻争着给他添饭，而他则赶忙起身道谢。原来，老林的妻子是漆云良的学院，每周三都跟着他学打太极，所以总是在丈夫面前夸赞漆书记，说他是“在泥土里做实事的人。”故而，两个人一见面，无需用九曲十八弯的方式建立友谊，即刻便熟络起来。其后，漆云良便和老林一家时常走动，关系甚为融洽。<br /> <br /> In the evening, some villagers came to Qi’s residence and forced him to go to the temple fair. He could not decline so he followed. There were tables in front of the temple, with cookies, peanuts, melon seeds and other snacks on them. At 18 o’clock, led by a drum and gong band, people carrying oil lamps, paper talismans and paper boats, walked carefully across roads and farmland to the edge of the Jinjiang River. After taking the oath to pray and sacrificing the rooster, they lit the wick in the paper boat, set off firecrackers and set the boat back to the sea, praying for the growth of population and thrived stock breeding in village and successful career of people who went to outside for work. This remote village in northern Guangdong is not rich, but the people here work hard every day with piety. This atmosphere deeply infected Qi in the crowd. He felt himself like salt in a sea, who has been thoroughly integrated into the village's daily life. Returning from the river for dinner, he found himself at the same table as Lin Huinan, a villager from Dayintou. Lin had a brownish-yellow face and was a highly respected figure in the village. Upon seeing Secretary Qi, Lin scrambled to serve him in dinner, while Qi got up quickly to thank him. It turned out that Lin's wife was a student of Qi and learned tai chi with him every Wednesday, so she always praised him, saying that he was a man who does solid work in the village. Therefore, when two people met, there was no need to establish friendship in the way of complex social intercourse, and they immediately became familiar with each other. Afterwards, Qi and the Lin family kept in touch and got on well with each other.<br /> <br /> In the evening, some villagers came to Qi’s residence and invited him enthusiastically to the temple fair. He could not decline so he went there. In front of the temple, there were tables with cookies, peanuts, fried melon seeds and other snacks on them. At 6 p.m.,following a drum and gong band, people walked slowly across roads and farmland to the bank of the Jinjiang River with oil lamps, paper talismans and paper boats in their hands. After taking an oath and killing a rooster as sacrifice, they they lit the candles in paper boats and set off firecrackers. Watching the paper boats flowing to the sea, they prayed for the growth of population and thrived stock breeding in the village and success of people who worked outside. In this remote village in northern Guangdong,  local people cherished each day though they were not rich. Their love for life touched Qi deeply. He felt himself like a drop of rain falling into a river,thoroughly integrated into the life in the village. Returning from the river for dinner, he found himself at the same table with Lin Huinan, a villager from Dayintou. Lin had a brownish-yellow face and was highly respected in the village. Upon seeing Qi, Lin scrambled to serve him during the meal, while Qi got up quickly to thank him. It turned out that Lin's wife learned tai chi from Qi every Wednesday, so she always praised him, saying that he was a man who did do solid work in the village. Therefore, Lin and Qi soon became familiar with each other with no need of complex social intercourse. Afterwards, Qi and the Lin family kept in contact and got on well with each other.<br /> <br /> ==== 向明慧 Xiang Minghui====<br /> <br /> “漆书记有广泛的群众基础啊！”这话可不是别人说的，而是扶溪镇的祝向恩书记说的。他请漆云良来帮忙：“漆书记，旧房改造的事要拜托你了。”拆旧房是个极为难办的事。譬如——大印头村民林辉南，他在村里已建有新房，墙壁雪白，地上还铺了地板砖。然而，那处旧的泥砖房一直闲置着，又黑又破，在路边显得十分扎眼。虽然这屋子完全符合拆除泥砖房的范畴，但村委和镇政府的人想给老林做工作时，他一律避而不见；再譬如——西坑村的贫困户聂球生家，有一座泥砖房已是岌岌可危，侧旁还用树头支撑着。虽然村干部给他说了很多次，但他却油盐不进，就是不拆。<br /> <br /> “Secretary Qi is trusted by villagers!” Secretary Zhu Xiang’en of Fuxi Town commented.“Secretary Qi, you must help to persuade villagers to renovate their old houses.” Zhu asked. It was difficult to fulfill Zhu’s request as some villagers were reluctant to tear down their old dwellings. Lin Huinan, from Dayintou Village, had already built a new apartment which boasted clean walls and good floor tiles. Yet his previous shabby dark house stood by the road conspicuously. It obviously accorded with the standard of old dwellings to be pulled down. However, Lin would hide from the clerks of the village committee and the town government. Nie Qiusheng, a poor man in Xikeng Village, had a teetering mud-brick house propped by trunks. He refused to knock down it despite times of persuasion by villager cadres.<br /> <br /> <br /> “Secretary Qi has an extensive foundation with the mass!” These words were spoken by none other than Secretary Zhu Xianghan of Fuxi Town. “Secretary Qi, you must help to persuade villagers to renovate their old houses.”, Zhu asked Qi Yunliang to help him and said. It was difficult to fulfill Zhu’s request as some villagers were reluctant to tear down their old dwellings. Lin Huinan, from Dayintou Village, had already built a new apartment which boasted clean walls and good floor tiles. Yet his previous shabby dark house stood by the road conspicuously. It obviously accorded with the standard of old dwellings to be pulled down. However, Lin hid from the clerks of the village committee and the town government. Nie Qiusheng, a poor man in Xikeng Village, had a teetering mud-brick house propped by trunks. He refused to knock down it despite times of persuasion by villager cadres.<br /> <br /> ==== 夏紫纯 Xia Zichun====<br /> <br /> <br /> 漆云良接受了这个任务后，决定先找老林谈。老林已60开外，平日在县城里照顾孙子，难得一见。他的三个儿子都已结婚，且都在县城买了新房。他在村里的旧房一直闲置着，养些鸡和鸭。趁着老林回村时，漆云良便登门拜访，顺便将旧房改造的事也提了出来。老林也坦然地说了自己的顾虑，然而，当听到漆云良的解释后，他马上笑逐颜开地点头答应：“没问题！”老林信任漆云良信任，所以把心里的疙瘩全都抖了出来：“我是害怕自己拆了房，政策又变了！”漆云良马上表示：“政策绝对不会变！”漆云良进一步解释：“现在你拆房完全符合政策，是有补助的，可是过了这个时候拆，那就没有补助了。”看到老林还在犹豫，他便拿出了定心丸：“你如果相信我，我便以私人名义，先资助你一些拆除泥砖房的费用，然后咱们在签个担保书，我保证你能拿到补助！”老林的眼睛活络了起来，目光聚成了一道闪电：“当真？”漆云良说：“我们可以找个见证人啊！”老林这才放心地说：“只要是你漆书记讲的，我就可以！”当天晚上，漆云良带着保人，拿上约定好的现金、担保书和签字收据来到老林家，老林便痛痛快快地签了字。<br /> <br /> After accepting this task, Qi Yunliang decided to talk to Lin first. Over 60 years old, Lin has been taking care of his grandson in the city and it is difficult to see him once. His three sons have all been married and bought their own new houses in the city. His old house in the village has been idle, only some chickens and ducks raised in it. When Lin returned to the village, Qi Yunliang came to visit and mentioned the renovation of the old house by the way. Lin openly expressed his own concerns, however, when he heard Qi YunLiang’s explanation, he immediately smiled, nodding and promising:“No problem.”Lin trust QiYunLiang, so he poured out all the concerns of his heart. Qi Yunliang immediately said: “The policy will never change!” Qi Yunliang further explained, “The demolition of the house is completely in line with the policy now, and we will get subsidies. But after this period of time, there will be no subsidies.” Seeing that Lin was still hesitated, he made a promise and said, “ If you believe me, I’ll personally subsidize you to demolish the mud-brick house, and then we’ll sign a letter of guarantee to guarantee that you’ll get the subsidy!” Lin’s eyes lit up, eyelights gathered like a flash of lightning, and said, “Do you mean it?” Qi Yunliang said, “We can find a witness!” Only then did Lin felt at ease and said, “As long as it’s what you said as a secretary, I'll agree!” That night, Qi Yunliang brought the guarantor, took the agreed cash, guarantee letter and signature receipt to Lin’s house, and Lin gladly signed the agreement.<br /> <br /> ==== 夏依颐 Xia Yiyi====<br /> <br /> 当漆云良来到西坑村小组时，看到这里绿荫低吟，清溪垂唱，静谧秀美，温情平实，真是好一幅粤北乡村水墨画！然而，当他把视线投向聂球生的家时，总感觉不和谐——那栋泥砖房不仅破旧不堪，且歪歪扭扭，侧墙上用树杆撑着，几近坍塌。当漆云良敲开聂球生的家门时，张嘴说的第一句话说却是“老母亲的身体最近如何？”他先为老人家量了血压，又叮嘱她好生休养，又给做儿子的也量了血压，叮嘱他吃饭要少盐少油，平时要少喝酒。然后话题一转，他开始表扬男主人是村里脱贫致富的产业带头人：“你看看，柑橘种了800多棵，家里鸡鸭成群，今年的收入肯定不错，我是真心为你感到骄傲啊！”看到男主人脸上露出笑意，他便适时跟进：“现在，你大儿子参加了工作，每月也有5000元工资，很不错啊！”<br /> <br /> ==== 夏盼 Xia Pan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 看到老聂愈发变得笑吟吟起来后，漆云良才把话题挑明：“老聂，你家那旧砖房没有人住，已经破得墙都歪了，很危险，能不能配合镇里危房改造的工作，把它拆了呢？”聂球生的笑容僵硬在脸上，脸皮颤抖了起来，像有针在扎他。他将声调降了几度：“漆书记，你是不知道啊，那屋子里不仅放了很多杂物，还有老人家的棺木啊！”随后，他又添了句：“而且，那房子是我小弟的，他现在住在仁化县城呢。”漆云良点点头：“即便是你小弟的，你也可以给他做做工作嘛！”看老聂不动声色，漆云良心生一计：“来来来，老聂，咱们今天来算一笔账！这三年，国家每年给你家的支助有7万元！你家盖的这栋红砖房，国家还补助了4万元！”见老聂点头，漆云良又说：“拆除旧房，虽然会给你带来一时的麻烦，但却改变了村容村貌，让咱们村子变得美丽！况且，拆旧房国家还有补助。咱们做人要懂得感恩啊！”老聂的脸红一阵白一阵。他思忖了一下说：“漆书记，你放心，等下个月的农历初一，我把棺材搬到别的地方。我小弟的思想工作，也由我来做！”<br /> <br /> == Part 27 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 席书涵 Xi Shuhan ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 又一个粤北乡村的夜晚<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 从西坑村小组走出后，夜已经很深了。月光中，那条黄泥小路一直在漆云良的眼前蜿蜒着。他走过去后，转了一个弯，又出现了另一条黄泥小路，好像那小路永远都走不完。被露水湿润了的泥土散发着微微的土腥气，让他深深地呼了一口气，又缓缓地吐纳了出去。他的脚踩在浮土上，发出窸窸窣窣的响声，心里有种无可名状的快感。就在刚才，他从手机屏幕上看到了这样一条消息——“截至2019年底，东莞市脱贫攻坚目标任务接近完成，累计实现脱贫1.5万户5.16万人，贫困人口脱贫率达99.57%；启动集体经济增收项目618个，帮扶323个贫困村集体平均年收入从2015年的3.08万元增加到2019年的15.39万元；东莞市同时帮扶云南昭通市。人口19.12万人次。帮扶协作项目受惠，覆盖人群超过80万人，使昭通市6个国家级贫困县中有5个已实现脱贫摘帽。”—— 他发觉自己的面颊变得温润濡湿。他知道，到2020年，让贫困人口全部脱贫，让贫困村全部摘帽的工程一定能100%完成！<br /> <br /> ==== 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli====<br /> <br /> 此时此刻的斜周村，美得像一幅摄影作品——青黝黝的天空上，高挂着一弯新月；一栋栋农舍，像一块块巧克力蛋糕；窗户里的点点灯火，像一颗颗晶莹的珍珠。呼哧！一蓬热风吹来，将树叶晃得哗啦啦直响，也将漆云良的眼睛吹得朦朦胧胧。蓦然间，他想起自己来到小村的第一个夜晚。那时，他站村委的门口处，看到的是一幅岭南乡村的水墨画；现在，他行走在这图画中，已成为风景里不可或缺的一分子。他知道，自己已将生命中最好的那部分留在了这里；他知道，在度过了这些日日夜夜后，他已彻底地变成了一个斜周村人！<br /> <br /> 第三章 海丰红色村庄的扶贫行动<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 吴敏 Wu Min====<br /> <br /> 从东莞虎门高铁站出发到汕尾，要一个多小时。车厢干净而整洁，空间宽敞，每个人都有自己专属的座位，还有放行李的地方。火车像一头刚刚苏醒的雄狮，鼓足马力，加速前进。汕尾高铁站营造出一种现代主义的简约风格——干净、明亮、有序。从这里出发的公交车，用一个小时将你带到了海丰县。显然，县城是一个与高铁站完全不同的地方——在炽烈的阳光下，人潮和摩托车流混合交响，令十字路口呈现出一派无序的喧嚣。<br /> <br /> ==== 伍超穎 Wu Chaoying====<br /> <br /> 海丰是一片充满神秘感的粤东之地。当你踏入这座小城，好像进入了英国中世纪时的那些城镇，你和历史已相互交融在一起，然而，这里却没有英国的寒冷，而是一片充满燠热和潮湿的地方。这个位于广东东南的县城，其名字取自于“南海物丰”，已沿用了2000多年。这座岭南小城是陆地最后的疆界——弯弯曲曲的海岸线像遮阳帽的边缘，而丰沛的水汽和炙热的阳光，激发着植物的生长，调节着气流的循环，和干燥缺水的西北恰好相反。这里不可能发生北方冬天深入骨髓的寒冷，这里到处都蕴藏着旺盛的繁殖力——暴雨和高温，硕大的榕树和木棉树，随处可见的香蕉树和鸡蛋花树，成群的鸡、鸭、鹅。这片大地有着极强的愈合能力。那些因开路或盖房子而暴露出来的地面，闪着古怪的肉红色，然而很快，绿色植被便将那些伤痕迅速覆盖。<br /> <br /> ==== 吴博涵 Wu Bohan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 旅行让你的身体交换了空间，去经历一些预想不到的事物。现在，你站在楼上凝视凌晨的县城——太阳还没有升起，上坡呈现棕色曲线，栋栋楼房雾霭中影影绰绰；白天时分，整个县城交通繁忙，人群川流；夜晚，大排档冒出炊烟，人们在一碗麻鱼粥的抚慰中，将劳作带来的辛苦一扫而光，安然入睡。然而在这座县城里，你总感觉如履薄冰——因为你听不懂这里的方言，所以你无法和人们顺畅交流。让你试图探听那些奇怪的福佬话时，好像侵犯了他人的领地，试图进入另一个世界，另一个区域，另一种文明形态。在这座县城里，你总能感觉到一种强烈的疏离感现在，好像自己来到了世界尽头的某个地方，某个穷尽了所有可能性的地方。<br /> <br /> ==== 王智灵 Wang Zhiling====<br /> <br /> 一个人的海丰<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 在海丰，历史是以叠缩的方式存在着的——你不仅可以目睹到的是当下，还可以目睹到包括100年前的那段历史。这座县城像一个虚悬在时间中的城堡，依旧延续着革命的喧嚣。海丰是广东省的红都——周恩来、贺龙、刘伯承、徐向前等老一辈革命家都曾在这里留下过足迹；海丰还是一个充满象征意味的城市——就像伦敦现在依旧是狄更斯的伦敦那样，海丰现在依旧是彭湃的海丰。穿过大街小巷，走过鳞次栉比的小店，挤在熙来攘往的市场中，你都无法逃出彭湃的眼神。在海丰，彭湃无处不在——他的名字出现在人们的闲谈中，也出现在学校、医院和公园的牌匾中。彭湃出生在这块南海边的土地上，他当然热爱自己的故乡，然而，他的热爱和别人不同——因为他看到了故乡痛苦病灶的原因。作为海丰最优秀的青年，彭湃为这座县城带来了巨大的改变。所以如果你如果不了解彭湃，你便无法了解海丰——海丰的特点，便是彭湃的特点。<br /> <br /> ==== 王植碧 Wang Zhibi====<br /> <br /> 你终于看到了那两个大字——红场。红场像一扇中国革命史的最初之门——后来的一切，都要从这扇门开始。在这里建立起的苏维埃政权，是中国历史上的第一个县级苏维埃政权。你被这<br /> 里的红色深深震撼住——红色的街道，红色的墙壁，红色的大门。耀眼的红色形成强烈的视觉刺激，让你浑身一凛，肃然起敬。挺立在红场上的雕塑并不高大，但却十分传神——那个年轻人穿着西装，头发被吹起，正放眼远眺。他似乎已看到了一个完全不同的世界，所以，他显得信心十足。他的面孔格外清秀柔美，甚至还带着点天真与顽皮。这个一个看似没有城府，充满青春朝气的男人，居然干出了翻天覆地的大事。<br /> <br /> ==== 王雅姝 Wang Yashu====<br /> <br /> 在彭湃的一生中，最能体现其革命精神的，便是他对贫穷的态度。贫穷在南海边的这块红土地上，不仅激起了滚滚的热泪，更激起了愤怒的声讨和剧烈的变革。彭湃虽然只有33的阳寿，但他却穷一生之力，为穷人呐喊。他的理想生活是——“让所有农民都能有田种，有书读，有房住”。在红场的围墙上，有一面浮“彭湃烧田契”的浮雕。你看到年轻的彭湃高举火把，而脚下箱子里的田契已被烧着，四周农民皆以佩服的目光打量着他。彭湃此举惊世骇俗，不仅震惊了整个中国历史，连世界历史也要为之一颤。当他点着田契时，不仅烧光了一堆写着字的纸，还照亮了那个时代的秘密。在那时的阶级体制中，阶级意识早已根深蒂固，每个人都深谙自己的角色。若有人稍稍逸轨也是被允许的，因为大家都知道，那个人不可能彻底地摆脱他的阶级属性。然而，若一位地主之子试图排斥父辈们的惯常做法，甚至用一把火烧掉田契，让农民不再交租，那便是站在了自己阶级的对立面，会被整个阶级所彻底抛弃。在火光中，彭湃变成了一个簇新的人——一个充满理想，愿意为理想而付诸实践，并最终死于理想的人。<br /> <br /> ==== 汪世博 Wang Shibo====<br /> <br /> 1922年，从日本早稻田大学政治经济系毕业归来的彭湃，深入海丰县的各个农村，开始从事起农民运动。此前，他也曾深入到日本农村搞调查，然而，他在故乡所看到的贫困令他大为震惊。那时候，生活在海陆丰一带的农民日子极其困苦，不仅是因为高额的地租、高利的盘剥、苛捐和杂税如羊毛般层出不穷，而且，遇到台风暴雨等自然灾害，田主也不免田租，使农民的生活雪上加霜。那时候的农民文化程度都很低，大多数人连自己的名字都不会写，如果和田主打起官司来，输掉的总是农民。故而，那些胼手砥足劳作的人们辛苦四季，还是挣扎在贫困的陷阱中。“山歌一唱闹嚷嚷，农民兄弟真凄凉！早晨食碗番薯粥，夜晚食碗番薯汤。半饥半饱饿断肠，住间厝仔无有梁。搭起两间草寮屋，七穿八漏透月光。”<br /> <br /> ==== 王琪 Wang Qi====<br /> <br /> 就在这个的时刻，彭湃来了。他说：“这是帝王乡，谁敢高唱革命歌？哦，就是我。”他还说：“不劳动的人不应该吃饭！”彭湃试图剖析那死水般停滞而腐朽的社会，探索农民辛苦种地反而吃不饱的病因在哪里。作为观察家，彭湃在一般人熟视无睹的现象背后，看到了一个巨大的秘密——农民为什么这么穷？原来，地主阶级就像可怕的寄生虫，叮在农民身上吸血抽髓。彭湃之所以伟大，和他的观察方式与一般人不同有关——他从不刻意回避矛盾，也从不让单线思维困扰住自己；他不仅观察故乡这块土地，还反思整个中国及全世界所面临的土地问题；他将东方和西方的情况进行比对，用批判的眼光对中国问题进行分析；同时，彭湃不是一个囿于书桌的空想主义者，而是一个勇于走向现实的伟大践行者。当他观察到那些令人不安的贫穷现象时，并没有独善其身地躲进小楼成一统，反而走向劳苦大众，试图在实践中探索出一条解决之路。<br /> <br /> At this very moment, Peng Pai came. He said, &quot;This is home to the imperial, who dares to sing revolutionary songs here? Oh, it's me.&quot; He also said, &quot;Those who don't work shouldn't eat!&quot; Peng Pai tried to dissect the backwaters-like society, which was stagnant and decaying, and to find out the painful cause that led to the starvation of peasants, even though they worked so hard in the fields.As an observer, Peng Pai discovered a great secret behind the phenomenon that people generally ignored - why were the peasants so poor? It turned out that the landlord class was stinging on the peasants and sucking their blood and marrow, just like those disgusting parasites.It was Peng Pai's unique way of observation that made him remarkable - he never tried to avoid contradictions and could always get out of one-dimensional thinking; he not only observed the land in his hometown, but also reflected on the land problems of the whole China, and even the whole world; he compared the situation in the East with that in the West, and analyzed Chinese problems in a critical perspective; at the same time, Peng was not an idealist but a great practitioner brave enough to step into reality.When he observed the disquieting phenomenon of poverty, he did not hide alone to stand aloof, but went to the working class and tried to find out solutions in practice.<br /> <br /> ==== 王露 Wang Lu ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 于是，彭湃换下学生装，穿起农民的粗布衣服；于是，他“食尽了四乡的茶饭，差不多日日是早出夜归”。在田间地头，他利用各种形式揭露地主剥削农民的罪行，启发农民的阶级觉悟。他的这种行为，和英国作家奥威尔（代表作为《通向威根码头之路》《1984》《动物农场》）颇为相似——为了解英国的底层社会，奥威尔曾和流浪汉厮混在一起，睡同一张床，喝同一只罐子里的茶水，还和矿工们一起在矿井底下劳动。经过一番调查，彭湃既看到了农民的悲惨生活，也预测出若农民联合起来，将会爆发出巨大的能量。他说：“辛亥以前，海丰的农民一直是隶属于满清的皇帝、官僚、绅士和田主这帮压迫阶级，农民怕地主绅士和官府好像老鼠怕猫的样子，终日在地主的斗盖、绅士的扇头、官府的锁链中呻吟过活。”“今天，我们无产阶级中，无有不为经济所压迫感受生活之困难者；终日孜孜劳力而三餐不饱者，固属多之；而因生活费之难以支持，至如卖妻鬻子、堕胎，亦层见叠出，甚者抛弃其生存权，而自尽者亦有之。”<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 王纪龙 Wang Jilong====<br /> <br /> 彭湃成了一个活力四射的演说家，眼光清晰而敏锐。他在田间地头所说的话，如战鼓似响锣，令农民心智大开。彭湃所说出的词语是简单而平实的，但其所阐释的道理却是深刻而复杂的。他不断拓展农民的思维，告诉他们——什么“三下盖伙头鸡”（“三下盖”是指佃户纳租谷还田主时，田主必用斗盖盖三下，而这其实是田主掠夺和侮辱佃户的表示；而“伙头鸡”则是当田主每逢早冬到佃户家收租时，必要佃户贡鸡一只，这其实是额外掠夺）都可以免除净尽……”“我们农民，是世界生产的主要阶级。人类生命的存在，完全是靠我们辛苦造出来的米粒。我们的伟大和神圣，谁敢否认！”“所以，我们一旦觉悟，结合全县农民，组织农会，协力团结，反抗社会一切不合理的制度，争回我们生存的权利……”<br /> <br /> ==== 王芳玲 Wang Fangling====<br /> <br /> 最终，农民作为一个阶级就这样崛起了——这不是发生在舞台的戏剧，而是真实生活中的一幕。1922年7月，彭湃与五位农民成立了广东省第一个农民协会——“六人农会”；之后，农会如<br /> 滚雪球般越滚越大，从几人至几百、上千、上万人，最终达到几十万人。在1923年的《广东农会章程》中，彭湃提出了这样的纲领——“图农民生活之改造，图农业之发展，图农民之自治，图农民教育之普及”。1924年，彭湃赴广州领导农民运动，创办了农民运动讲习所。1927年，他参加了南昌起义。11月，他领导海陆丰人民做了一件轰动全国的大事——召开了县工农兵代表大会，成立了海陆丰工农兵苏维埃政府。这是中国历史上第一次竖起了苏维埃政权的旗帜，实开了中国无产阶级革命的先河。<br /> <br /> ==== 疏珊 Shu Shan ====<br /> <br /> 在《海丰农民运动》这本书里，彭湃详细记录了农会的具体措施——调整租佃关系，防止田主随意提高租金，领导农民减息减灾，遇到歉收时请田主减租额，调节发生争执的会员矛盾，取消码头税，开办农民医药房、农民学校和农业银行，夺回市场管理权，疏浚河流湖塘，取消封建陋规等等。彭湃非常善于从农民的实际利益出发开展斗争，且很注重斗争策略。在革命初期，他将重点放在发展生产和改善农民生活上。经过慢慢引导，他让运动逐渐从经济运动转向政治斗争。时至今日，当你在海丰聆听到彭湃创作的歌谣《田仔（佃户）骂田公（地主）》时，依旧会感觉热血沸腾——<br /> <br /> ==== 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====<br /> <br /> 冬呀！冬！冬！冬！<br /> 　　田仔骂田公：<br /> 　　田仔耕田耕到死；<br /> 田公着厝食白米！<br /> 做个颠倒饿；懒个颠倒好！<br /> 是你不知想！不是命不好！　　　　<br /> 农夫呀！醒来！农夫呀！勿戆！<br /> 地是天作！天还天公！<br /> 你无分！我无分！<br /> 有来耕，有来食！<br /> 无来耕，就请歇！<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 全永慧 Quan Yonghui ====<br /> <br /> 如今，当你来到这片红土地时，距彭湃搞农会不过近百年的时间。此刻的海丰乡村，早已发生了巨变。令海丰人值得骄傲的，是两个省级新农村示范片区的建设——莲花片区涉及3个行政村22个自然村，按照“一河一路五园”的建设思路，先后投入建设资金1.6亿元，完善了各项基础设施建设，建成了一批乡村旅游设施，潮汕民居特色十分突出。这个片区还将茶叶产业与旅游业深度融合，有力地带动了当地农民的增收；海丰县在新山鹿境片区的建设中，共投入建设资金近2亿元，打造出新山、池口等5个行政村。到2019年年底，各项建设已基本完成。县里通过把红色遗址、景观资源与产业经济相融合，发展休闲观光、文化旅游、现代农业等农村经济产业，构建起全产业链新型业态、粤东红色旅游精品线路，成为广东省粤东片区实施乡村振兴战略现场会、广东省抓党建促乡村振兴暨红色村党建示范工程现场会的参观点，高峰时期的日游客量超过2万人。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 仇绪 Qiu Xu ====<br /> <br /> 如今的海丰乡村，早已不是彭湃当年所见到的模样。县里通过落实农业产业发展、农村基础设施建设、“厕所革命”、“三清三拆”等措施，使乡村振兴发展取得明显成效。到2019年年底，海丰县城镇居民人均可支配收入达31310元，增速9.3%；农村居民人均可支配收入17457元，增速 10.4%；农村居民人均可支配收入增速比城镇居民人均可支配收入增速高1.1个百分点。县里还大力推进特色精品村的建设——筹资1.4亿元，在每个镇选择1至2个行政村，全县共计15个村，实施人居环境整治提质升级工程，并在37个省定相对贫困村全面实施新农村示范村建设。最终，通过典型带路、以点带面，深入推进全县人居环境整治，实现农村面貌的焕然一新。到2019年年底，海丰县建档立卡的9089户共27999名贫困人口，人均可支配收入达1.5万元以上，按“八有”标准100%实现稳定脱贫；37条省定贫困村全部达到脱贫标准。<br /> <br /> The countryside of Haifeng today has long been different from what Peng Pei saw back then. Through the implementation of measures such as agricultural industry development, rural infrastructure construction,&quot;toilet revolution&quot; and &quot;three clearings and three demolitions&quot;, the county has achieved obvious results in the revitalisation and development of the countryside. By the end of 2019, the per capita disposable income of urban residents in Haifeng County reached RMB31,310, with a growth rate of 9.3%; the per capita disposable income of rural residents reached RMB17,457, with a growth rate of 10.4%; the growth rate of the per capita disposable income of rural residents was 1.1 percentage points higher than the growth rate of the per capita disposable income of urban residents. The county also vigorously promoted the construction of distinctive boutique villages - raising 140 million yuan to select one to two administrative villages in each town, a total of 15 villages in the county, to implement the habitat improvement and upgrading project, and to fully implement the construction of new rural model villages in 37 relatively poor provincial villages. Ultimately, through the typical leading the way, point by point, in-depth promotion of the county's human living environment improvement, to achieve a new look of rural areas. By the end of 2019, a total of 27,999 poor people from 9,089 households in Haifeng County will have a per capita disposable income of more than 15,000 yuan, and 100% of them will have achieved stable poverty eradication according to the &quot;eight&quot; standards; all 37 provincial poverty-stricken villages will have reached poverty eradication standards.<br /> <br /> ==== 卿子晔 Qing Ziye====<br /> <br /> 当你在海丰县阅读到这些数字时，体会到的是一种神奇的错位感——那些保留在红宫红场纪念馆里的各种文物，让你形象地看到了100年前海丰农民生活的窘迫，而现在的这些数字，却显示了另一种状态的出现。你将信将疑——在这个天涯海角之地，所有的农民都已全部脱贫？所有的贫困村都已全部摘帽？你决心要像上世纪20年代的彭湃那样，到县城所辖的那些村里去实地考察。只有在田间地头看看庄稼的长势，到农民的居舍里看看客厅的摆设，和农民们谈谈他们的收入来源，你才会对这些数字产生真正的敬意。<br /> <br /> <br /> == Part 28 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====<br /> <br /> 坡平村<br /> <br /> 虽然已进入隆冬时节，但岭南的寒冷却是打了对折的。从海丰县城开车到位于西南部的联安镇，一路上在乡村小道上穿梭蛇行，花费了20分钟。据《惠阳地区地名志》记载：传说清代时，石塘、田心、优埔三约（过去的“约”相当于现在的“乡”）代表为避免械斗，在石角头山会旗宣誓，规定各约不得介入械斗，要联合起来保护人民的安全，故取名“联安”。在那条乡村道路的右侧，是一个挨一个的电线杆，拉扯着长长的电线。然而，在道路的左侧却空空荡荡。蜿蜒的道路上铺着沥青，尚且平坦，两侧则是大片大片的田野。那些伫立在远处的屋子显得十分矮小，像个薄薄的袖珍空壳。<br /> <br /> ==== 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====<br /> <br /> 穿过一座桥后来到了联安镇。坊间流传着这样一句话：“联安熟，海丰足”，足可见这个镇的重要性。总面积有50平方公里的联安镇，共有4万多人，3万亩耕地，1.5万亩鱼塭，不仅是海丰县的革命老区，还是中国重要的湿地之一，也是中国的水鸟之乡。镇里不仅村道纵横，河道密布，且田野广袤，正所谓“背靠八仙状元山，面向长沙银海滩，中间一片肥沃土，地种海耕安居处”。事实上，这并不是你第一次来到联安镇。此前，你已来过三四次。然而，这个镇非常奇怪，每一次都会让你有新的发现。于是，你意识到那种蜻蜓点水的采访，其实收获是甚微的。当一位作家试图描述一个地方时，只去一次是不够的，如果条件允许，应该在不同时间段里反复到达那里，才能体会到那里发生的变化。<br /> <br /> ==== 彭琦 Peng Qi ====<br /> <br /> 联安镇没有高楼，一切都像鸡蛋饼般平摊在阳光下，等待着你的检阅。窄窄的街道两边，是一栋栋三四层的小楼，看起来每一栋都是另一栋的复制品。这个镇看起来既不像城市也不像乡村，而有种半城市化的感觉。这里也有十字路口，但却相当狭窄袖珍；这里也行驶着各类车辆，但大多数人都步行着。你曾在位于镇中心的一家大排档吃过饭——木质圆桌旁摆着红色塑料凳，食客们三三两两绕桌而坐——看起来和别处的小餐厅并无二般。然而，你却记住了在这里品尝到的味道：“好像此前吃过的东西都是赝品！”无论是大铁锅里的煎鱼，还是有着双层膜的螃蟹，或淡粉色的大虾，味道都极为鲜美，是你记忆中味道的100倍。那种浓烈的芬芳让口腔里像开了花，令你通体舒坦。<br /> <br /> ==== 马明宇 Ma Mingyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 探究小店美味的来源，你才知道联安县不仅是海丰最为重要的粮仓、蔬菜生产基地，还是海产品基地。这里出品的膏蟹、乌羽蟹、双膜蟹、沙虾、白刺虾、花虾、牡蛎、乌龟等，都是水产市场上的抢手货。那个大排档里的食材自然非常新鲜，且以乡间手工做法烹饪，当然比城市大酒店里流水线操作出的食物更有滋味。事实上，当现代工业技术为人们提供了大量廉价的速食品之后，那些方便面和罐头里，并没有太多的营养价值，而且这些食物还大大破坏了人类原有的味觉系统。生活在城市里的人，因为吃了太多的垃圾食品，变得面色苍白且体质羸弱。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin ====<br /> <br /> 离开镇中心后，车向坡平村驶去。柏油马路在热浪的侵袭下，变得黑乎乎油腻腻。<br /> <br /> Leaving the town center, the car headed for Poping Village. The asphalt road became black and greasy amid the heat wave.<br /> <br /> 道路两侧出现了灌木丛和蜿蜒的河流；河流旁是大片大片的田野，残留着棕色的稻谷茬；白色塑料的大棚整整齐齐，一个挨着一个；山脉宛如强健的肌肉，虬结蜿蜒，直至远方；山脚下燃起烧荒的白烟，丝丝缕缕，与雾霭融为一体；白墙黑瓦的农舍，稀疏地凝立在河岸边。<br /> <br /> Shrubs and meandering rivers appeared on both sides of the road; Beside the river are large fields with brown rice stubble; The white plastic sheds were neat, laying one by one; Mountains were like strong muscles, winding up to the distance; At the foot of the mountain, the white smoke of burn was lit, which was continuously mixed with the fog; The farmhouses with white walls and black tiles stood sparsely on the river bank.<br /> <br /> 这些景象组合在一起，像一曲交响乐，高低起伏，婉转袅娜。你所目睹到的河流，是发源于粤东第一山峰莲花山脉的大液河。<br /> <br /> These scenes were like a symphony, rising and falling, mild and graceful. The river you had seen was the Daye River, which originated from the Lianhua Mountain, the highest mountain in eastern Guangdong.<br /> <br /> 这条河的颜色不是厚重而凝滞的黄色，而是轻快而爽朗的冰蓝色。当大液河蜿蜒过联安镇时，不仅形成了一条曲线优美的缎带，还让缎带两岸形成了具有原始风格的美景。<br /> <br /> The color of the river was not deep and stagnant yellow, but light and bright ice blue. When the Daye River winded through Lian'an Town, it not only formed a beautiful ribbon with curves, but also formed a beautiful scenery with original style on both sides of the ribbon.<br /> <br /> ==== 鲁思 Lu Si ====<br /> <br /> 河岸两侧的河滩上，丛生着黄绿色的茅草，让这里形成了一片天然而难得的湿地。那些在河岸边觅食、嬉戏和繁殖的各类水禽，便视湿地为它们当然的家。最终，这里成为国际东亚候鸟迁徙路线的重要区域，不仅引来许多濒危保护的鸟类过冬——黑脸琵鹭、白琵鹭、紫水鸡（红色的鸟冠，腹部以蓝色点缀，背部以黑色为主调，羽毛光鲜）——还让白鹭成为这里的常住居民。现在，你目光所及的鸟儿约有几百只，伫立在河畔，一个挨一个，像穿着白色军装的士兵般密麻麻。当它们起飞时，翅膀的煽动完全处于同一个频率，而其如积雪般的腹部和背部则完全袒出。显然，它们早已适应了人类的汽车，因为除了沿着河岸低低浅飞，它们并不惊慌，也不打算离开。这片湿地虽然是附近村民的劳动场所，然而，海丰人向来都把水鸟看成是吉祥物，在日常的养殖活动中，从来不排斥水鸟来觅食，故而，在这里会形成人类在忙碌地工作，而水鸟则聚集觅食的和谐景致。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing====<br /> <br /> 然而，美丽的环境和富裕的生活并不成正比。位于大液河畔的坡平村，是广东省的省定贫困村。现在，这个村由深圳市龙岗区南湾街道办事处、龙岗区政策研究室和汕尾市农业局（2019年6月后是汕尾市委党校）结对帮扶。坡平村的扶贫队长兼第一书记周建华正在村委等着你——身量适中，浓眉大眼，理着短短的小平头，皮肤黧黑，嘴角微笑。据他介绍——村里区域土地面积约2.8平方公里，耕地面积2800亩，鱼塭面积265亩,山林面积850亩。<br /> <br /> ==== 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====<br /> <br /> 当周建华带着你在小村行走时，你惊讶地发现，村里非但没有一点萧条破败的模样，反而保持着一种朴素与端庄的洁净——村民们都穿戴整齐，农舍前的空地都扫得干干净净，所有的村道都显得平坦畅通，目光所及的田地里都收拾得十分利落——这让你颇感欣慰。你想起那些在工业城镇里所见到的烟囱、鼓风炉、煤炭厂和矿渣堆，感觉所谓的“文明”或“进步”，有时会将人反噬进自己的肚囊中。然而，如何能既保持乡村世界的靓丽与纯净，又能让身处其中的农民拥有高质量的生活，是摆在乡村发展面前的一个难题。在2016年时，在这个733户的小村里，有78户贫困户共187人。到2019年年底， 187人已全部脱贫，完成了“两不愁、三保障”的目标。然而，这些成绩是如何取得的？<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====<br /> <br /> 据周建华书记介绍，驻村工作队来到坡平村，了解到村民的主要经济来源以农业种植和外出务工为主后，及时向帮扶单位深圳龙岗区南湾街道办事处、龙岗区委政策研究室、汕尾市农业局报告情况。上述单位认真研究、精准施策，通过抓住“产业扶贫”这个牛鼻子，结合坡平村的革命历史，制定了以突出现代农业和特色旅游这两个发展主线，力争将“输血式帮扶”改变为“造血式脱贫”。帮扶单位先投资200万元入股海龙投资大厦的项目，让村集体每年能保底收入10万元；又将265亩鱼塭出租，一年便有58万元的收入。在村合作社的带动下，建设起160多亩的线椒种植基地，80多亩的南美对虾养殖基地。<br /> According to the Secretary Zhou Jianhua’s introduction, a working team based on the village came to Poping village. After acknowledging that villagers’ main sources of income were farming and working outside, they reported this to helping units-Nanwan Street Office at the Longgang District in Shenzhen, Policy Research Office of Longgang District Committee, and the Agricultural Bureau in Shanwei City in time. With studying carefully and implementing strategies precisely, these units grasped the key point-poverty alleviation by developing industries and combined it with the revolutionary history of Poping village, formulating two main lines of development that highlighting modern agriculture and featured tour, and working hard for transforming the model of “helping the poor by giving them money and materials” into “poverty elimination by the poor’s self-working”. Firstly, they became a shareholder in a project of Hailong investment building with investing 200 million yuan, which could let the whole village keep earning 100 thousand yuan annually; and then they leased 265 acres of fishpond to others, earning 580 thousand yuan per year. Under the drives of the village corporation, a planting base of chili pepper with more than 160 acres and a breeding base of South America prawn with over 80 acres were built.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 水稻是坡平村农民种植面积最广的农作物。然而，每当春耕季节到来时，有些农民便会感觉手头发紧，没有余钱来购买种子和化肥。当你和农户交流后才发现，原来农民想存住钱是件很困难的事——家里总有人会生病、总有人需要买衣服、总要招待亲朋好友。农民们总是生活在巨大的压力之下，而在这种压力的胁迫下，他们经常会犯冲动消费的错误；再加上小村临海，经常会受到台风等自然灾害的影响，令农作物收成很不稳定。综上原因，工作队不仅向贫困户免费发放袁隆平优质水稻，还同时发放化肥，以及帮助他们购买保险等惠农措施，鼓励贫困户大力种植优质水稻，以提高家庭收入。果然，在扶贫干部的帮助下，村民们大大提振了种植水稻的信心，使得村里水稻面积扩大至1000多亩。<br /> <br /> Rice was the most widely planted crop in Poping village. When the spring ploughing came, however, some farmers were hard up and had no money to spare for seeds and chemical fertilizer. After talking to farmers, you realized that it was very difficult for them to save money -- there was always a family member being sick, or a member needing new clothes, or relatives and friends who needed entertaining. Farmers had always been living under great stress. Due to the stress, they often made the mistake of impulsive spending; moreover, the village was near the sea and frequently affected by natural disasters such as typhoons, which made the crop yields dramatically unstable. In conclusion, the task force distributed free high-quality rice developed by Yuan Longping and chemical fertilizer to the poverty-stricken households, and also helped them buy insurance and other favorable measures that benefit agriculture, which encouraged them to vigorously plant high-quality rice so as to increase their household income. Sure enough, with the help of poverty alleviation cadres, the villagers greatly boosted their confidence in planting rice, which had allowed the rice-planting area of the village to expand to more than 1,000 mu.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘丛领 Liu Congling====<br /> <br /> 坡平村虽然和其它贫困村一样，有着农民收入偏低的问题，然而，这个村却拥有一段不平凡的历史。如何在抓好农业生产这个最基本的问题后，让扶贫工作有创新性，是摆在工作队面前的另一个问题。周建华带领工作队员，仔细研究村里的革命历史。原来，这个村有着丰富的红色资源——村里被国家民政部评为烈士的有35人，其中亚前彭自然村就有22名。这个结果和彭湃当年搞农民运动密不可分。原来，在1922年时，彭湃曾来到坡平村宣传革命，得到了村里的彭桂、彭元漳、彭元岳等人的全力支持。在彭湃的领导下，他们在村里办起了“农民学校”，以教村民识字为掩护宣传革命思想。到1923年春天，坡平村已成立了农会，建立起了农军，设立了支部，成为周围十八乡率先起来闹革命的“赤卫村”。然而在大革命期间（1924年至1927年），坡坪村遭到国民党反动势力10多次疯狂围剿，100多名赤卫队员和一批革命群众惨遭杀害。有个村小组共有170多人，被杀害的就有81人，15户被灭门。彭桂一家9人参加革命，8位在残酷的斗争中献出了生命。<br /> <br /> Poping village, like other poor villages,is fraught with low-income peasants, but however it has an extraordinary history compared to others. How to make poverty alleviation work innovative after addressing the most fundamental issue of agricultural production is another pending problem facing the task force. Zhou Jianhua led the team to study the revolutionary history of the village. It turns out that this village is rich in revolutionary resources ---35 villagers has been listed by the national Ministry of Civil Affairs as martyrs, of which Yaqianpeng natural village includes 22. This result is greatly attributed to Peng Pai's peasant movement. In 1922, Peng Pai had come to Poping Village to publicize the revolution, and was fully supported by villagers like Peng GUI, Peng Yuanzhang, Peng Yuanyue. Under Peng Pai's leadership, they set up a &quot;peasant school&quot; in the village to spread revolutionary ideas under the cover of teaching the villagers to read. By the spring of 1923, Poping Village had set up a peasant association, an army of peasants and a Party branch, making it the first &quot;Red Protecting Village&quot; in the surrounding villages to rebel. However, during the Northern Expedition (1924 to 1927), the village was attacked more than 10 times by Kuomintang reactionary forces, and over100 Red Guards and a number of revolutionary masses were brutally killed. In one village group of more than 170 people, 81 people were killed and 15 families were exterminated. Eight out of nine members of Peng Gui's family participated in the revolution sacrificed in the cruel struggle.<br /> <br /> ==== 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====<br /> <br /> <br /> 周建华和他的队友们还深入贫困户家中，向他们打听当年彭湃闹革命的事情。每一户人家都会说起“彭湃赠送12匹白马”的故事——原来，在1927年，当海丰县成立了全中国第一个县级苏维埃政权后，很多村庄都举行了庆祝活动，坡平村也用请戏班演大戏来庆祝。那一天，在县城的红场上，彭湃将缴获敌人的12匹白马赠送给坡平村的农军，以示祝贺。当彭桂及农军将这些白马骑回村里时，所有的村民都出门迎接。只见他们雄赳赳地骑在白马上，在村子里绕圈疾驰，扬起阵阵尘埃。农军们还在戏台前进行了钻火圈的表演，令村民们欢呼雀跃。时至今日，人们说起那一天的盛况，还双眼发亮，情绪激昂。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====<br /> <br /> 在海丰县203个行政村中，坡平村的历史是红彤彤的。怎样才能用好这笔历史遗产呢？原来，海丰县已投入1015万元，用于全县所有行政村的建设规划。县里决定在联安镇、莲花山、大湖湿地、黄羌林场、南粤古驿道等周边农村大力发展“农业观光”“民俗农庄”“休闲运动”等乡村旅游产业，以激发乡村新活力。县里将联安镇的坡平村、附城镇的新山村、黄羌林场的富足园村等红色村庄进行升级打造，最终建成特色村。目前，全县有省级文化和特色村1个，省级乡村旅游精品路线1条，省级休闲与乡村旅游示范点5个。由海丰县扶贫办整合全县有劳动能力贫困户的扶贫资金，投入红色旅游扶贫项目，按年收益7%分给贫困户。目前，坡平村36户有劳动能力的贫困户，每年每户的分红可达1400元。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 李梓玉 Li Ziyu====<br /> <br /> 昔日的坡平村杂草丛生、满目疮痍，如今，村里已修复和重建了广场、革命英烈纪念馆、烈士故居等旧址，令整个村庄干净而整洁，宁静而优美。当你来到亚前彭村小组时，这里已成为一个爱国主义教育基地和党员廉政教育基地。你看到彭湃于上世纪二十年代到村里搞革命的场景，已变成墙壁上的巨型画面；而彭桂、彭元漳等烈士的故居皆粉刷一新，整齐干净；以前那个屋顶破旧、墙壁斑驳的农会旧址，现在变成了展览馆，拥有簇新的青色墙面和红色的大门，馆内的布置相当现代化。周建华颇为自豪地说：“联安镇的坡平村委、附城镇的新山村委、梅陇镇的永红村委等村委，被汕尾市推荐为市村庄规划优秀案例，在广东省进行宣传推广。”<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 李彦 Li Yan====<br /> <br /> 黄小雄家的屋子面积虽然不大，但却拾掇得相当整洁——铺了瓷砖的地面扫得很干净，各种用品摆放得整整齐齐，就连灶台上的锅碗都擦拭得晶莹发亮，而卫生间里也铺了瓷砖，很是顺眼。显然，这个家一定有个勤快的女主人。果然，妻子叶少华看着就是个利索人——一头齐耳短发的她，虽然已有56岁，但却皮肤白皙，眉清目秀，模样甚为端庄秀美。她穿着件褐色毛衣，怀里抱着个小女孩，穿了件粉红色的上衣。“这是一岁多的小孙女！”奶奶看着那花骨朵般的女孩时，满眼都是慈爱和怜惜。59岁的黄小雄站在一旁微笑着，一头黑色短发里已掺杂着些许银丝。然而，他却显得相当英武——除了浓眉细眼、高鼻阔嘴外，他的骨架相当高大，约有1.8左右。只见他肩膀宽阔，腰肢细长，双腿健硕，浑身无丁点赘肉。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 李心田 Li Xintian====<br /> <br /> 这个男主人穿着一件黑白相间的长袖T恤，微笑时神态严肃谦恭，但却丝毫不失尊严。一切都显得那么美好，然而，你总觉得哪里不对劲。当你再次凝视这位已是爷爷的男人时，你恍然大悟——原来，他的肤色黝黑至极。<br /> <br /> The host wore a black and white long-sleeved T-shirt and looked serious and modest when smiling, without losing any dignity. Everything seemed so wonderful. However, you could not help feeling something strange still. When you stared at the man again, who had already been a grandfather, it suddenly dawned on you that his skin was extremely black. <br /> <br /> 在广东定居十年有余，你早已习惯了本地人所特有的那种黧黑肤色。由于长时间暴露在热带阳光下，生活在岭南的人要比生活在西北的人接受到更多的日照，所以皮肤便会显得更黑。然而，当你目睹到黄小雄的肤色时，还是暗中倒抽一口凉气。那种黑可谓是焦黑——无论是面孔、脖颈或双手——全都像被放在炭火上烧烤过。然而，那种焦黑的浓度，又没有达到非洲人的颜色，而只是比日常所见的人更黑一些。在这种焦黑肤色的衬托下，这个男人的牙齿从整个面部跳脱出来，显得特别洁白。<br /> <br /> After setting life in Guangdong for over ten years, you had already gotten used to the especially black skin of the locals. Since they were exposed to tropical sunshine for a long time, people living in Lingnan would receive more sunshine than those living in the northwest and thus had blacker skin. However, when looking at Huang Xiaoxiong’s skin color, you would still take a breath confidentially. That kind of black could be called burnt black. His face, neck, and hands all looked like being burnt over a charcoal fire. Nevertheless, the degree of that burnt black didn’t reach the color of Africans. It’s just blacker than that of ordinary people. The man’s teeth seemed to have jumped out of his face and looked especially white against his burnt-black skin color. <br /> <br /> 当他张口说话时，你再次倒抽口凉气——居然是极为流利的普通话！改革开放四十年，让生活在广东的中年青人大多可熟练使用普通话，但那些年近六旬的老人家们，一般都会把普通话说得磕磕绊绊。若能熟练掌握，定是在外面闯荡过，而不是将生活半径仅仅局限在村子里。于是，你对眼前这个男人充满了好奇。<br /> <br /> When he opened his mouth to speak, you took another breath—it was extremely standard mandarin! 40 years of reform and opening up had enabled most young and middle-aged people living in Guangdong to speak mandarin fluently. But as for those old people near 60 years old, they would usually speak mandarin with stumbles. If someone could speak it fluently, he or she must have worked outside, instead of circling himself or herself in a small village. Therefore, you felt very curious about the man in front of you.<br /> <br /> ==== 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====<br /> <br /> 作为一家之主，他谈起了自己的孩子们——大女儿已32岁，嫁到广西，育有3个孩子；小女儿30岁，嫁到陆丰，育有2个孩子。小女儿除了照顾孩子外，还在家里做些首饰装配；小儿子23岁，在梅陇镇的首饰厂打散工，收入很不稳定——有活的时候收入多，没活的时候便没进项。平均下来，一个月也就3000元的收入。除去800元的房租费和一些日常生活的费用后，几乎存不下什么钱。今天着实碰巧，远在广西的大女儿黄树颖回了娘家。当她从里屋走出来时，你的眼前一亮——这个女子的脑后梳着条粗黑的马尾，上身穿白T恤，下身是黑裤子，皮肤和母亲一样白净细嫩，眉眼相当标致。她热情地招呼你喝茶，周身都洋溢着青春的活力。你不禁陷入纳闷——这样一家人，看着如此整齐而体面，待人又如此和气而周到，何以会让生活陷入困顿？<br /> <br /> ==== 李可依 Li Keyi====<br /> <br /> 原来，导致这个家陷入贫困境地的，是一场突如其来的大病。那是2013年，当黄小雄发现脖子上的淋巴变得肿大，便赶忙到医院检查。万万没想到，他居然被确诊为鼻咽癌！这消息如炸弹，让全家人都感觉手脚麻木。怎么办？唉！先不要想太多，赶紧住院吧！在医院里度过的那两个月，让黄小雄经历了双重煎熬——他的肉身和他的精神都极为痛苦。在做了各种检查之后，他准备接受一次大手术。虽然历经了各种各样的花式疼痛，可他都没有落下一滴泪，然而，看到那十几万的医药费清单时，他的眼泪忍不住淌下来。虽然这些费用报销了不少，但家里也补贴了很多，而且，他躺在医院里，也让家里丧失了一个劳动力。出院后，他的身体大不如从前，不仅干不了太重的活计，还要定期去医院复查，每查一次便要花费一万多呢！<br /> <br /> ==== 李佳珺 Li Jiajun====<br /> <br /> 俗话说，祸不单行。就在丈夫出院刚刚两年时，妻子又检查出糖尿病。之后，她因为脑血栓而引发了中风，致使嘴歪腿软，根本无法下地走动。经过一年多的治疗，耗费了一万多的医药费，最终才勉强好起来。夫妻双双遭受病痛折磨，而女儿们又都远嫁别处，儿子只有一份勉强维持的散工，于是，这个家便像一座屋顶镂空的房子，显得摇摇欲坠。2015年，当扶贫工作队进村进行审核时，他家便被核定为贫困户。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 李鸿 Li Hong====<br /> <br /> <br /> 黄小雄陷入回忆——早在上世纪80年代家庭联产承包制时，村里给他家分了七八亩地。那时，大家都种水稻和西兰花，他家也不例外。然而，水稻卖不了什么好价钱，而西兰花则要看市场行情。全家人在地里从年头忙到年尾，算了算帐，才有几千元收入，除了勉强果腹别无盈余。如此忙碌却还是如此清贫，令一家之长陷入忧思。2010年，黄小雄做出了一个决定——将地让给亲戚种，举家搬到梅隆镇，靠做生意挣钱。他这样一个农民，前半生积攒的都是种地经验，并没有其它过硬的技术，手头也没有很多本钱，能做什么生意呢？ 他决定从最基本的小生意入手——卖鱼。<br /> <br /> Huang Xiaoxiong fell into memory—back in the 1980s, when the household contract responsibility system was implemented, the village allocated seven or eight acres of land to his family. At that time, everyone planted rice and broccoli, his family was no exception. However, rice did not fetch a good price, while broccoli depended on the market. The whole family was busy in the field from the beginning to the end of the year, but they had only a few thousand yuan of income, which was barely enough for them to make a living. In 2010, Huang Xiaoxiong made a decision to give up the land to his relatives and move his family to Meilong Town to earn money from business. However, he had accumulated no other skills except for the experience in farming during the first half of his life, and does not have a lot of capital, what kind of business can be done? He decided to start with the most basic and small business—selling fish.<br /> <br /> ==== 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 每日凌晨4点起床，这男人便急匆匆出门，赶往鲘门镇的码头。他要在这里等第一批从海上归来的渔船靠岸，在以批发价购买到足够多的鱼类后，他再包车拉到梅隆镇市场出售。唉，他赚<br /> 的都是些辛苦钱——一斤22元的鱼，在市场上卖25元。做生意有风险，总是时好时坏——有时，他踩对了点子，批来的鱼很受顾客欢迎，很快便销售一空；可有时，他的运气总是很背，剩下一堆鱼却卖不掉。全家人就这样忙碌着，一个月能挣上5000多元就算相当不错。虽然忙碌而辛苦，但却比种地要强。听到这个男人谈及往事时，你的面孔微微发烫——你曾被这里出产的鱼、虾、蟹所打动，念念不忘那种神奇的滋味。以致感慨自己曾经吃过的海鲜都是赝品，然而，你对卖鱼人的艰辛生活却毫不知情。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====<br /> <br /> 2015年，黄小雄又做出了另一个决定——重返坡平村，重新开始种地。在他做完鼻咽癌手术后还要不断化疗，对身体损耗极大，故而医生叮嘱他要好好休养；妻子在中风后逐渐恢复了身体，更需要一个安稳而祥和的环境疗养。黄小雄重回老家侍弄起土地，过起了“日出而作日落而息”的乡村生活。对于这个决定，他从来都没有后悔过。当他家被核定为贫困户后，村里的扶贫干部便针对他家的情况进行帮扶——先是免费发放袁隆平研发的水稻良性种子；又免费发放化肥等农资用品；通过虾养殖项目，每年可有1.5万元分红（包括2018年、2019年）；入股县里的“红色旅游”后，每年有1400元分红。除了这些帮扶之外，最令黄小雄感慨的，是“以奖代补”政策——为鼓励贫困户通过种地或打工致富，政府决定，贫困户每种一亩地可补1000元。这个政策让老黄家在2017年领到补助6000元；2018年为7500元；2019年为3850元。<br /> <br /> ==== 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei ====<br /> <br /> 事实上，贫困户和他们所做营生的矛盾之处在于——虽然他们精力充沛，拥有丰富的资源，而且做着白手起家的努力，但他们的大部分精力都花在了和周围很多其他人同样的事情上，这就让他们很难赚到更多的钱，由此，也便失去了过上富裕生活的机会。当扶贫干部发现坡平村的土壤和水质很适合种植番石榴时，便鼓励黄小雄干起来。可他却显得有些犹豫：“树不挂果怎么办？”“我们找专家来解决啊！”“销售不出去怎么办？”“我们来帮你联系啊！”于是，从2017年开始，老黄便在地里忙活了起来——当他将一根根树苗栽种到大田里时，满怀着希望。在安全地度过了2018年后，这片番石榴树在2019年年底时挂满了果实。按这个情况预算，番石榴的收入应在2万元左右。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi====<br /> <br /> 听说你想去地里看看时，黄树颖爽朗地答应道：“没问题！”于是，你坐在她的摩托车上出发，而后面跟着骑摩托车的周建华书记。你们一路颠簸，在穿过了几条乡村小路后，又拐上了一条大路，之后，来到了一片田野。当摩托车试图穿过鱼塘中的那条碎石小路时，因为颠簸得实在厉害，你赶忙跳下来推着车往前走。穿过碎石小路后，是一片开阔的田野，正午的阳光将琥珀色涂抹在一丛丛绿树上——啊！这就是黄小雄精心种植的番石榴树！这盛景令你不禁感慨——有时，贫穷并不仅仅意味着缺钱，它还会使人丧失挖掘自身潜力的能力。<br /> <br /> ==== 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====<br /> <br /> 现在，长在地埂两侧的番石榴树，每一棵都有一米多高，叶片硕大，果实青绿。穿行在地埂间，你像来到了某个郊区的小公园——林地里打理得十分干净，没有任何多余的杂草，而且树与树的间隔都是等距离的。你感慨自己多么幸运——居然看到了正在开花的番石榴！在你的视线中，那团白色花瓣有五片，正紧紧地相互挤挨着，中间簇拥的花蕊，像是一团正在绽放的乳白色烟花。在那个温柔的核心地带，集中了世界上一切的甜美。你发现虽然枝头挂满了果实，但那一个个拳头大小的东西，并不是青绿色的，而是白色的。却原来，果农为了保护果实不受伤害，怀着极大的耐心，在所有果实的外面都裹上一层白色的塑料袋。果农在干这件事时需要十二万分的小心——既要让袋子将果实全部包住，又不能在操作过程中伤害到侧旁的果实。<br /> <br /> Now, the guava trees growing on both sides of the ridge are more than one meter height, with huge leaves and green fruits. Walking through the ridge, you feel like you've come to a small suburban park -- the woodland is perfectly manicured, there are no more weeds, and the trees are spaced equidistant. You sigh how lucky you are to see a guava in bloom! In your line of sight, the group of white petals have five pieces which are tightly squeezed next to each other. The the cluster of stamens in the middle is like a blooming milky fireworks. In that tender core, all the sweetness of the world is concentrated. You see that the branches are covered with fruit. However, the fist-sized things are not turquoise but white. It turns out that in order to protect the fruit from harm, with great patience, all the fruit outside are wrapped in a layer of white plastic bags. Growers need to be extremely careful to do this -- to make sure that the bag covers all the fruit without damaging the side fruit in the process.<br /> <br /> ==== 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====<br /> <br /> 放眼望去，你的心里微微一抖——这个工程真不算小！那些上万颗的果实，都被套上了袋子，这便意味着套袋子这个动作，被黄小雄重复了一万次以上。你终于恍然大悟——何以他的肤色会那么黝黑！因他长时间暴露在田野，为这些树上的果实套袋子，所以他的整个面孔、脖颈和胳膊，都被阳光反复地炙烤过。你不觉心疼起来——这个男人在这块地里留下了多少汗滴？要知道，他不仅是一个接近六旬的老人，还是一个要做化疗的病人！若在城里，他是个马上要过退休生活的人，而在这里，他还拿自己当主劳力呢！<br /> <br /> ==== 关娜 Guan Na====<br /> <br /> 你想起刚才在老黄的屋子里，他对你说起的心里话。自2013年得病后，他便一直陷入到焦虑之中，觉得这个家可能撑不起来了；后来妻子中了风，更让他感觉雪上加霜，心灰意懒。2015<br /> 年，他决定重返村子时，只是想着边种地边修养身子。他根本想不到好日子居然都排在后头。2017年对老黄来说是个特别的好年头——他不仅开始种植番石榴，还申请到了5000元的医疗救助。他还盖起了栋新房子——虽然自己花费了9万元，但通过国家的危房补助政策，又拿到了4万元的补助。而之后，通过“以奖代补”政策获得补助和年底有各种分红，都是他始料未及的事情。他觉得一切都像是在做梦，但却又清晰地发生在眼前！黄小雄的眼神亮晶晶的——他是个见过世面的男人，也是个勤劳肯干的男人，更是个懂得生活真谛的男人！现在，这个平凡而普通的一家人，维持着一种简朴而自尊的生活。虽然他们的手头上没有太多余钱，但一家人生活在一起，心情却是笃定而踏实的。<br /> <br /> ==== 高燕 Gao Yan====<br /> <br /> 离开番石榴种植基地，从那条颠簸的石子路穿过时，你驻足在水塘旁。周建华书记介绍说——“这可不是岭南惯常所见的鱼塘，而是扶贫干部们争取到的对虾养殖基地！”你一听，两眼放光——就是这些鱼塘，为村里有劳动力的贫困户每年带来1.5万元的分红？周建华连忙点头。看起来，这个坑洼之地的模样极为普通，现在，正午的阳光让灰色水面变成一块块镜子。当你试图从表面朝下看时，根本看不到内里的情形——那是一汪姜黄色的浊水，完全看不到鱼虾在游动，或水草在摇摆。唯一让这片水域显得与众不同的是，在平稳的水面上，浮凸着一台增氧机。现在，正是从那条机器里辐射出的现代化气息，才让这片水域显得极为特别。当你站在水塘边时，感觉呼吸有些粘滞，好像空气停止了流动，身体处于一个密闭的空间里。你真不敢相信这里的气温——现在已是十二月底，可岭南的正午依旧炽烈火爆。你想象着那些村民在鱼塘里劳作时，应该满头大汗吧？而他们的皮肤，也应该被晒得像黄小雄一样黝黑发亮吧？<br /> <br /> ==== 付静 Fu Jing====<br /> <br /> <br /> 当63岁的黄子华开口说话时，语调非常缓慢——比一般人放慢了语速后的速度还要慢——好像是一位祖父在对婴儿说话那般。听着那慢条斯理的话语时，你非但没有感受到舒服，然而觉得<br /> 身子越来越凉，像撞在了一块冰山上。刚刚，你从正午的番石榴地里走过，在燠热的水塘旁驻足，而此刻，你却像走进了一座冷藏室。现在，你面前的这个男人梳着三七开的小分头，穿着件灰黑相间的夹克衫和蓝裤子，显得矍铄而清瘦。除了门牙有些脱落外，他的面部看起来没什么毛病，然而，他的那双眼睛却什么都看不见！你发现他的黑发里已有了白丝，面孔上也有轻微的皱纹。而这些细微之处，他自己是无从可知的。你凝视他的时候，感觉心尖上有种疼痛与酸楚混合在一起的味道。你感慨——原来，穷人的生活充满了风险！虽然，他们也会像预备过冬的鸟儿般，用嘴叼来一根根茅草做起窝，以防寒冷的侵袭。然而，他们却无法预测一场暴风雪的强度和力度。<br /> <br /> ==== 丁粤 Ding Yue ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 当你听他说起他的事情时，像是在看一部恐怖片，整个人都被惊悚情节所慑住！2002年时，当黄子华骑着的摩托车着火后，他简直处于束手无策的状态——那迎面而来的风将火苗吹到了他的身上，令整个胸膛全都燃烧起来。大火将他的头发和眉毛全部烧掉，又将他的双手烧得变形，还将他的前胸烧坑坑洼洼，像月球的表面。唉，屋漏偏遭连阴雨！到2007年时，他发现自己的眼睛开始一点点萎缩。在反复的挣扎后，双眼彻底失明。现在，留存他瞳孔中的人间影像，像一只高空中的风筝，早已遁形在远处的迷雾中。你恍然大悟——正是因为失明，才让他有了那种虽然慢条斯理，但却又和一般人的慢完全不同的语速。原来，在这种“慢”里，裹挟着因看不见而生出的各种犹豫。现在，他完全靠着听力来判断外部世界——现在，他不知道你长得是什么模样，也不知道你采访的目的是什么，更不知道自己以何种态度来迎接你。故而，虽然他站在屋里对你说“请坐请坐”，但其实，他像一台发电机，一直在嗡嗡嗡地旋转，满怀各种疑问。<br /> <br /> When you listen to him talk about his story, it's like watching a horror movie. You are completely frightened by the thriller plot! In 2002, when the motorcycle that Huang Zihua was riding caught fire, he was in a state of helplessness——the oncoming wind blew the flames onto his body, causing his whole chest to burn up. The fire burned off his hair and eyebrows, burned his hands out of shape, and burned his front chest which made it bumpy and rough, just like the surface of the moon. Alas, the house leaks and it suffers from continuous rain! By 2007, he found that his eyes began to shrink gradually. After repeated struggles, his eyes went completely blind. Now, the earthly image that remained in his pupil has long been hidden in the distant fog just like a kite in the high sky. You suddenly understand——it is because of his blindness that he has a speech speed that is slow and logical but completely different from that of ordinary people. It turns out that this &quot;slowness&quot; is wrapped in all kinds of hesitation caused by the blindness. Now, he relies entirely on his hearing to judge the outside world——now, he does not know what you look like, nor does he know what the purpose of your interview is, nor does he know what kind of attitude he should greet you with. Therefore, although he stands in the room and says &quot;please sit down, please sit down&quot; to you, in fact, he is like a generator which is buzzing and rotating all the time, and is full of all kinds of questions.<br /> <br /> ==== 陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====<br /> <br /> <br /> 你不禁思忖起来——也许有时候，一场国际金融风暴对偏远地区的农民影响甚微，但一场意外的交通事故，或一场疾病，却会对他们造成严重的打击。有研究者发现，即使是在正常的年份，农业收入每年都会发生很大的变化。在孟加拉国的任何一个正常年头，农业工资可以高出或低于其平均工资水平的18%；而印度的农业工资的变化幅度是美国的21倍——因为美国农民都有保险，即便是收成不好的年头，他们可通过获得补贴而不致让生活水准大幅度下降。对于穷人来说，风险不仅仅限于收入或食品，还包括健康。然而，在中国那些偏僻的山村里，为自己的健康进行保险的人寥若星晨，故而一旦发生了危机事件，对这个家庭来说便是灭顶之灾。<br /> <br /> ==== 陈思阳 Chen Siyang====<br /> <br /> 也许人们会这样想——黄子华是不是太倒霉了！骑在摩托车上着火的概率并不高，怎么单单被他碰到了？这场偶发事件造成了灾难性的后果——他不仅浑身被烧伤，在医院治疗耗费一笔开支外，还大大折损了身体的元气，再也无法胜任重体力劳动。丧失劳动力对普通农户来说，是非常重的打击。然而，令他万万没想到的是，这一次的灾难居然不是终结版。几年后，他被视力下降的痛苦所折磨，最终，眼前一片暗黑。作为男人，作为家里的顶梁柱，他不仅丧失了劳动能力，且陷入需要他人照顾的困境。连续的厄运就这样降临在这个人家，像蜘蛛编网般，将全家人陷入困境。<br /> <br /> Perhaps people will think that Huang Zihua is not too unlucky! The probability of catching fire on a motorcycle is not high, how did he just touch it? The accident had disastrous consequence-not only was he burned all over and spent a fortune in hospital treatment, but he was also so debilitated that he could no longer perform heavy physical work. The loss of labor is a huge blow to the ordinary farmer. However, what he never expected was that this disaster was not the end. A few years later, he suffered from the pain of failing eyesight and, eventually, darkness. As a man, as the breadwinner of the family, he was not only unable to work, but also in need of care. In this way, a succession of bad luck fell on the family, like a spider's web, entangling the whole family.<br /> <br /> ==== 陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 和别的人家相比，这个家显得有些凌乱——客厅的面积不大，地上铺着瓷砖，但却有灰尘；窄长的茶几上摆着茶壶和茶杯，烟灰缸里有残渣；柜子上有台小电视，冰箱上则放着照明灯；一<br /> 叠鼓鼓囊囊的袋子倚墙堆着，红木沙发上是米袋和面袋。然而，当你进入卫生间后，却发现地面镶嵌着瓷砖，安装着淋浴器和抽水马桶，显得相当整洁。据周建华书记介绍——这是海丰县“小厕所、大革命”的成果。原来，为了有力地改变农民群众的生活条件和生活习惯，海丰县进行了一场“厕所革命”。具体的措施是——对于那些建档立卡的贫困户，政府对其家中的厕所全资给予建设；而对其他农户则采用奖补方式进行补贴，每户补助金额达2700元以上；同时，县里还完成了无害化卫生户厕改造2147个，无害化卫生户厕普及率达100%；完成了卫生公厕建设624个，完成农村公厕新建和改造任务数的100%。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 陈婧 Chen Jing ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 看着黄子华的模样，你不禁替这个家担忧起来——当男主人身强力壮时，可维持一家人的生计，但在接二连三的灾难降临后，这个家赚的钱会越来越少。这个家会堕入“贫穷陷阱”，继而踏上永久的贫穷之路吗？有研究表明：在印尼，如果一个家庭成员得了重病，那么这个家庭的消费水平就会下降20%。现在，黄子华一家就像失足掉入一个暗黑的坑道，虽挣扎着往前走，却不知何时才能看到光明。这种情况往往会带来很多心理问题——面对灾难，人们会感觉失去希望，没有出路，而这又大大降低了他们度过难关所需要的自控力。在重创之下，人们似乎不具备振作起来、重头再来的心理素质。最终，他们会产生抑郁情绪，像花朵失去水分般逐渐枯萎。<br /> <br /> ==== 蔡思 Cai Si ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 所幸，你看到的是另一个结果——这家人并没有被灾难打垮，反而在努力迎接挑战中获得了新生。现在，这个家的主劳力已变成了妻子和儿子。当他们忙完地里的活计后，会利用闲暇时间到镇里去打散工，以补贴家用。到了年底，通过“以奖代补”的政策，他们会领到7000多元的补助；同时，他们还可享受村里对贫困户的福利——春天耕种时可领到免费的稻谷种子和化肥；年底时有各类分红（南美对虾项目可分到1.5万元、红色旅游项目可分到1400元）；同时，黄子华有残疾补助和低保，每月能领到1000元补助。这样一算，这个家不仅可维持住日常生活，年底还有2万多元进账，加上妻子和儿子的打工收入，日子不再显得紧巴巴。<br /> <br /> ==== 白婷 Bai Ting====<br /> <br /> <br /> 黄子华感慨道：“每年中秋和春节，工作队都会送来1000多元的慰问金，还有大米、清油和棉被啊！”在他慢条斯理的讲述中，没有慌张，没有抱怨，也没有戾气，反而有一种异样的平静和笃定。事实上，也许给予贫困户一些希望、保障和安慰，便可以成为强大的刺激措施，当他们重新拾起自信；事实上，建立城乡居民最低生活保障，相当于建立了一种社会安全网络。如果人们的收入下降到一个特定范围，他们便可得到一个最低收入支持。给穷人勾画出一个未来，这样，他们就可以减少压力，无须担心没钱活不下去；这样，他们就会争取各种机会去努力工作，不再浑浑噩噩地混日子。</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Lingnan_Englisch_3&diff=150684 Lingnan Englisch 3 2022-11-23T13:54:11Z <p>Li Hong: /* 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun */</p> <hr /> <div>[http://www.example.com link title]== '''Discussiontable''' ==<br /> <br /> …for a consistent translation of:<br /> - names of places, people etc <br /> - titles of literary, historical works<br /> - technical terms<br /> - quotes<br /> - idioms, figures of speech<br /> <br /> (Please record here recurring words with the respective translation, your name, date and comments, if there are any. You may also suggest and discuss changes.)<br /> <br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Chin. Origial''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Translation''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Date/Translator''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Comments''' <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> ==Part 18(2)==<br /> <br /> ====庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====<br /> <br /> 当你离开这栋屋子时，对四周的黑暗已不那么恐惧——上帝说有光，于是便有了光。手电筒的光芒虽然微弱，但却一直在前面温暖地导航着。你听到了一声长长的叹息——那叹息是被风吹<br /> 打到你的耳膜上——你吓了一跳。原来，那是你自己的叹息。四周安静至极，想象中的狗一直都没有出现，脚下的草丛一直在起伏跌宕，夜色如庞大而幽暗的海洋。<br /> 离开小村后很久，你都忘不掉那个场景，那个你一脚踏入一家人晚餐时的场景。那个瞬间令你惊骇——在那间昏黄晦涩的厨房里，你看到的是一种难以分析、难以说明的原生态生活；然而，还是这些人，当他们将你带到灯光明亮的红砖房时，他们的面庞又变得温暖和热烈起来。灯光多么重要——有灯光就是有希望。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====白婷 Bai Ting====<br /> 陆奕门已有55岁，但他还是个害羞的男人。虽然他的身材相当魁梧，但面部有却着明显的缺陷——左眼大，右眼小且失明。他说母亲生了他和弟弟两个孩子，但弟弟是个健全人，已结婚。他的母亲已75岁，体型微胖，一头白发似雪，身穿紫色长袖衬衫和黑裤子，赤脚踩着双红拖鞋。她将桌上的碗筷收拾好，又端起塑料盆里的水倒入高压锅，手脚相当麻利。<br /> 母亲、弟弟和他住在一栋宽敞的砖房里——客厅里铺着淡黄色的瓷砖，电视柜上摆着超薄电视机，姜黄色的木沙发、木桌和木椅。无论地板还是家具，都收拾得妥妥当当。他的卧室在屋子的最里面，窗户上吊挂着姜黄与明黄相间的窗帘，木板床上铺着凉席，木桌上放着台式电风扇和手电筒。他请你坐在茶几旁的木凳上，熟练地泡茶和倒茶，还热情地招呼你：“喝茶！喝茶！”他周到而细心，言语机敏而幽默。<br /> <br /> Though 55 years old, Lu Yimen is a bashful man. Despite a robust figure, he is plagued with conspicuous defects on his face——his left eye is bigger than the right one that is invisible. He says his mother has two children. He suffers from some disabilities, but his little brother is healthy and married. A little bit fat and white-haired, his 75-year-old mother is in a long purple T-shirt and black trousers, wearing red slippers without socks. She moves quickly, cleaning up the dishes and chopsticks on the table before pouring the water in the plastic basin into the pressure cooker. He lives in a broad brick house with his mother and brother. The living room is laid with pale-yellow tiles in which there is an ultra-thin television on the TV cabinet, a ginger wooden sofa, desks, and chairs. Everything is in an appropriate way, be it floor or furniture. At the end of the house sits his room, where ginger and bright yellow curtains hang on the window, a summer sleeping mat covers the wooden bed, and a desktop electric fan and torch lay on the wooden desk. He invites you to sit on the wooden stool beside the end table, where he makes and pours tea deftly and then procures you a cup of tea passionately. Not only is he thoughtful and careful, but he is adept and humorous in speech.<br /> <br /> Though 55 years old, Lu Yimen is a bashful man. Despite a robust figure, he is plagued with conspicuous defects on his face——his left eye is bigger than the right one that is invisible. He says his mother has two children. He suffers from some disabilities, but his little brother is healthy and married. A little bit fat and white-haired, his 75-year-old mother is in a purple long-sleeved shirt and black trousers, wearing red slippers without socks. She moves quickly, cleaning up the dishes and chopsticks on the table before pouring the water in the plastic basin into the pressure cooker. He lives in a broad brick house with his mother and brother. The living room is laid with pale-yellow tiles in which there is an ultra-thin television on the TV cabinet, a ginger wooden sofa, desks, and chairs. Everything is in an appropriate way, be it floor or furniture. At the end of the house sits his room, where turmeric and bright yellow curtains hang on the window, a summer sleeping mat covers the wooden bed, and a desktop electric fan and torch lay on the wooden desk. He invites you to sit on the wooden stool beside the end table, where he makes and pours tea deftly and then procures you a cup of tea passionately. Not only is he thoughtful and attentive, but he is adept and humorous in speech.<br /> <br /> ==== 蔡思 Cai Si=====<br /> <br /> <br /> 现在，他每月有510元的低保金，200元的残疾补助，老母亲有150元的养老金，日子也能过得下去。他家有3亩地，以前种的是水稻和花生，现在都出租了出去，一年有3000元的租金。他一直都是单身。他叹息着说：“我找不到老婆的，我不敢相亲。”<br /> 几天后，当你结束了在连樟村的采访，在连江口镇的汽车站旁等车时，与他再次相遇。等车的老爷爷们大多穿着黄胶鞋，或赤脚踩双拖鞋；老奶奶们则将花白的头发用桃红发圈束起，脚上是双水鞋；年轻的女子则染着黄发，穿着坡跟皮鞋。人们的手里提着清油和大米，水桶里装着蔬菜，塑料袋里装着电饭煲。<br /> 你在这堆人群里看到了陆奕门——他的模样实在太过特殊！当你向他招手时，你发现他的第一反应是想要躲开，可四下里又没什么地方躲，他便只得害羞地点点头。他问你：“要回去了吗？”看到你点头，他便打开冰柜，拿出瓶矿泉水塞到你的手上，庄重地说：“路太远了，你喝！”你的心头涌起一股暖流，但还是把瓶子推开：“不用不用，谢谢谢谢。”看他非要坚持让你拿上时，你把包里的水杯拿出来：“你看，我带水了。”他略有遗憾，又把矿泉水放回到冰柜里。和你道了“再见”后，他邀请你再来村里玩，还朝你挥了挥胳膊。<br /> 当你坐在晃动的大巴车时，既感到异样得温馨，又感到异样得伤感。陆奕门所做的这一切，都显现出他是个观察敏锐，内心善良，且很有修养的男人。其实，他的身材相当魁梧，四肢也很健全——当然，除了眼睛。你很难设想，当他还是个孩子时，第一次照镜子，内心会涌起怎样的痛苦？他一定会奋力地摔碎镜子，然后将自己摔在床上，久久地躺着爬不起来。<br /> <br /> Now, he gets a monthly minimum insurance allowance of 510 yuan and a disability allowance of 200 yuan, and his mother gets a pension of 150 yuan so their life can go on. He has 3 acres of land, which used to grow rice and peanuts. Now they rent it out, with a rent of 3,000 yuan a year. He has always been single. &quot;I can't find a wife,&quot; he said with a sigh. &quot;I dare not go on blind dates.&quot;A few days later, when you finished your interview in Lianzhang Village and waited for a bus next to the bus station in Lianjiangkou Town, I met Lu again. Most of the old men who waiting for the bus wear yellow rubber shoes or a pair of slippers barefoot; The old women tie their gray hair in pink hair loops, and wear water shoes on their feet; The young woman has dyed yellow hair and wears wedge shoes. People carry clear oil and rice, buckets of vegetables and rice cookers in plastic bags. You can see Lu Yimen in this crowd because his appearance is so special! When you wave to him, you realize that his first reaction is to dodge, but there is nowhere to hide, so he has to nod shyly. He asks you, &quot;Are you going back?&quot; Seeing you nod, he opened the freezer, took out a bottle of mineral water and put it into your hand, and said solemnly: &quot; It's too far. Drink water!&quot; A warm current surged in your heart, but you still pushed the bottle away: &quot;No need, thank you, thank you.&quot; When he insisted you take it, you took out the water glass in your bag: &quot;Look, I brought water.&quot; With a slight regret, he put the mineral water back in the freezer. After saying &quot;goodbye&quot; to you, he invites you to play in the village again and waves his arm at you.When you sit on the swaying bus, you feel both strangely warm and strangely sad. All that Lu has done shows that he is a man with keen observation, a kind heart, and great accomplishment. In fact, he is quite burly and has sound limbs —— except for the eyes. It's hard to imagine the pain he would feel when he looked in the mirror for the first time as a child. He will definitely struggle to smash the mirror, and then throw himself on the bed, lying down for a long time and unable to get up.<br /> <br /> Now, he gets a monthly minimum insurance allowance of 510 yuan and a disability allowance of 200 yuan, and his mother receives a pension of 150 yuan so their life can go on. He has 3 acres of land for growing rice and peanuts before. Now they rent it out for 3,000 yuan a year. He has always been single. &quot;I can't find a wife,&quot; he sighed. &quot;I dare not go on blind dates.&quot;A few days later, you met Lu again when finishing your interview in Lianzhang Village and waiting for a bus next to the bus station in Lianjiangkou Town. Most of the old men waiting for the bus wore yellow rubber shoes or a pair of slippers barefoot; The old women tied their gray hair in pink hair loops and wore water shoes on their feet; The young woman had dyed yellow hair and wore wedge shoes. People carried clear oil and rice, buckets of vegetables, and rice cookers in plastic bags. You could see Lu Yimen in this crowd because his appearance was so special! When you waved to him, you realized that his first reaction was to dodge, but there was nowhere to hide, so he had to nod shyly. He asked you, &quot;Are you going back?&quot; Seeing you nod, he opened the freezer, took out a bottle of mineral water, put it into your hand, and said solemnly: &quot; It's too far. Drink water!&quot; A warm current surged in your heart, but you still pushed the bottle away: &quot;No need, thank you, thank you.&quot; When he insisted, you took out the water glass in your bag: &quot;Look, I brought water.&quot; With a slight regret, he put the mineral water back in the freezer. After saying &quot;goodbye&quot; to you, he invited you to play in the village again and waved his arm at you. Sitting on the swaying bus makes you feel both strangely warm and sad. All that Lu has done shows that he is a man with keen observation, a kind heart, and great accomplishment. In fact, he is pretty burly and has sound limbs —— except for the eyes. It's hard to imagine the pain he would feel when he looked in the mirror for the first time as a child. He would definitely struggle to smash the mirror and then throw himself on the bed, lying down and unable to get up for a long time.<br /> <br /> ====陈婧 Chen Jing====<br /> <br /> 你揣测，他一定会想不明白，这种因相貌不同便陡然间被排斥在生物链底层，一辈子孑然一生的命运，是谁造成的？从这个角度来讲，达尔文是残酷的。如果人们相信世间万物是由造物主创造，那有的人便可以责备造物主对自己太不公平；如果世间根本没有造物主，那么在进化的道路中，你又不得不面对这个残酷的问题——为何是自己变成了残次品？你揣测，绝望中的陆奕门一定会流下大滴大滴的眼泪。然而后来，他还是下了床，开始吃饭和走动。看到村里的别人时，他在嘴角挂起淡淡的微笑。那个时候，他已不在乎别人眼神中的那丝嘲讽。随着时间的增长，那种尖锐的痛感会慢慢地迟钝起来——他逐渐适应了别人，别人也逐渐适应了他。<br /> 如果这就是他的命运，他便必须坦然接受。他想，也许造物主是存在的——他有很多个孩子，有些孩子生来就倍受宠爱、娇生惯养；而他却是那个沉默胆怯、不受重视的。然而，既然已经来到了这个世界上，每一个人便都拥有微笑的权利。<br /> <br /> You speculated that he must had wondered who was responsible for his fate of being instantly excluded to the bottom of the biological chain because of his unusual look and being alone for his whole life? From this perspective, Darwin is cruel. If people believe that everything in the world is created by the Creator, then some people can blame the Creator is too unfair to themselves; if there is no Creator at all, then on the path of evolution, you have to face this cruel question - why are you the one who was reduced to be a defective product? You speculated that in despair, Lu Yimen must had shed big teardrops. Later, however, he got out of bed and started to eat and walk around. When he saw others in the village, he hung a faint smile at the corner of his mouth. At that time, he no longer cared about the hint of mockery in people's eyes. That intense painful feeling would grow dull as time went by - he has gradually adapted to others, and others have gradually adapted to him. If this was his destiny, he must accept it openly. He thought that the Creator probably existed – the Creator had many children, some of whom were spoiled and pampered since birth; while he was the silent, timid, unappreciated one. However, since they have come into the world, each one has the right to smile.<br /> <br /> == Part 19 ==<br /> <br /> <br /> ====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 声音<br /> <br /> 中午时分，邓承仙正在睡觉。邻居拖着竹子在她家房后走动的声音，令她陡然惊醒。那种在别人听来只是“唰啦唰啦”的声声响，通过她的耳膜和心脏，便被扩大成鞭炮炸裂时的“噼噼啪啪”。那声音如此猛烈而劲爆，令她在床上发抖不止，感觉世界末日就要降临。在这个世界上，这个女人最害怕的东西就是声音。无论怎样的声音，都会让她不舒服——电视剧中那人将杯子往桌上一放的声音，医院里护士将公章在纸上一盖的声音，吞咽口水时听到从自己喉咙里传来咕嘟的声音……这些都会让她心跳加快，汗毛倒竖。声音让她害怕，让她惊悚，让她忍不住浑身打摆子。<br /> <br /> At noon, Deng Chengxian is sleeping. She is suddenly startled awake by the sound of her neighbor dragging bamboo behind her house. What others might hear as &quot;shua shua shua&quot; is amplified through her eardrums and heart into the &quot;crackle&quot; of firecrackers bursting. The sound is so violent and powerful that it makes her tremble in her bed and feel like the end of the world is coming. The only thing in the world this woman is afraid of is sound. Any sound makes her feel uncomfortable -- the sound of a man putting a cup on the table in a TV show, the sound of a nurse putting an official seal on a piece of paper in a hospital, the sound of a gurgling in her throat when she swallows. It makes her heart beat faster and her hairs stand on end. It scares her and makes her can't help wiggling.<br /> <br /> ====陈思阳 Chen Siyang====<br /> <br /> 邓承仙穿着件姜黄色的长袖T恤衫,黑裤子，赤脚踩着一双拖鞋,扎着一束马尾。她的新家就建在旧房子的对面——那栋砖房的外墙上刷着白石灰，地面上铺着防潮砖，客厅里摆着木沙发和木茶几。你目光所及的还有电饭煲、烧水壶、电视机和消毒柜。可以说：这个家里的电器，一应俱全。阳光从敞开的大门和窗户里射进来，让整座房间显得格外亮堂——这屋子简直是你在这个村子里看到的最明亮的屋子！你不觉感慨：“你家的采光真好啊。”但女主人马上说：“夏天的时候比较晒。”她的普通话相当标准，表达能力也很强。当她在说话的时候，总是配合着眼神和手势，整个人显得活灵活现。<br /> <br /> Deng Chengxian wore a ginger long-sleeved T-shirt, black pants, barefoot with a pair of slippers and a ponytail. Her new home was built opposite the old one — the brick house has a whitewashed exterior wall, moisture-proof bricks on the floor, and wooden sofas and coffee tables in the living room. You'll also see rice cookers, kettles, televisions and sterilization cabinets. It can be said: this home has all the electrical appliances. Sunlight came in through the open doors and windows, making the whole room look very bright – the brightest you've ever seen in the village! You sigh unconsciously: &quot;The lighting in your house is so good.&quot; But the hostess immediately said: &quot;It's more sunny in summer.&quot; She speaks quiet standard Mandarin and has excellent expression skills. When she talks, she always cooperates with her eyes and gestures, and the whole person seems vivid.<br /> <br /> Deng Chengxian wore a ginger long-sleeved T-shirt, black pants, barefoot with a pair of slippers, and a ponytail. Her new home was built opposite the old one — the brick house has a whitewashed exterior wall, moisture-proof bricks on the floor, and wooden sofas and coffee tables in the living room. You'll also see rice cookers, kettles, televisions, and sterilization cabinets. It can be said: this home has all the electrical appliances. Sunlight came in through the open doors and windows, making the whole room look very bright – the brightest you've ever seen in the village! You sigh unconsciously: &quot;The lighting in your house is so good.&quot; But the hostess immediately said: &quot;It's sunnier in summer.&quot; She speaks very standard Mandarin and has excellent expression skills. She always cooperates with her eyes and gestures when she talks, and the whole person seems vivid.<br /> <br /> ====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====<br /> <br /> 她家有3亩地，种的是水稻。年轻时，她和别的女人一样，“满山跑，干多少活都不觉得累”，但是到了46岁后，她发现自己的身体好像变朽了。她总是处于紧张和焦虑之中，总感觉心跳得厉害，身体像要吹爆的气球，头顶上有一根导火索。更为可怕的是，她被声音折磨得好苦好苦。有时，她正在家里干活，突然听到外面有很大的声响，好像是从音箱里放出来的音乐。然而，当她出了门后，却又什么都听不到了。但是，当她返回到房内，耳畔又是一片巨响。<br /> <br /> Her family has 3 mu of land, where they grow rice. When she was young, just like other women, she “ran all over the hills and fields but never felt tired.” But at 46, she found that her body seemed to be not as flexible and vibrant as before. She was always in a state of tension and anxiety, feeling her heart beating violently, her body like a balloon about to burst, and a fuse on her head. What’s worse, she has always been tortured by a weird sound. Sometimes, she could hear a loud noise outside while she was working at home, which sounds like music coming from a boom box; however, when she went out, she could hear nothing; but when she returned to her room, she heard that loud sound again.<br /> <br /> Her family has 3 mu（Mu is a unit of land area under the Chinese municipal system. Fifteen mu equals to one hectare.） of land, where they grow rice. When she was young, just like other women, she “ran all over the hills and did as much work as she could without feeling tired.” But after she was 46, she found that her body seemed to be not as flexible and vibrant as before. She was always in a state of tension and anxiety. She always felt that her heart beated violently, her body was like a balloon which was about to burst, and that there was a blasting fuse over her head. What’s worse, she was tortured so badly by a weird sound. Sometimes, she could hear a loud noise outside while she was working at home, which sounds like music coming from a boom box. However, when she went out of the door, she could hear nothing. But when she returned to her room, she heard that loud sound again.<br /> <br /> 她的丈夫总是咳嗽，而且越咳越厉害。到医院一检查，原来是肺癌。从2000年到2010年的10年间，她带着丈夫到处看病，医药费共花了6万多——有一次，他们在佛山的医院看病，一次就花了2万元。眼看着丈夫一天比一天虚弱，她的心里十分难受，但却毫无办法。2010年10月，丈夫在病痛的折磨中撒手人寰。<br /> <br /> Her husband always coughed, and it gets worse and worse. After taking a check at the hospital, it turned out to be lung cancer. During the 10 years from 2000 to 2010, she brought her husband to travel around to see doctors, they spent more than 60,000 yuan on medical bills -- once, they spent 20,000 yuan for a single visit to a hospital in Foshan. She felt so miserable only to see her husband get weaker day after day, but there was nothing she could do. In October 2010, her husband passed away due to the torture of illness.<br /> <br /> Her husband was always coughing. And the more he coughed, the worse it got. When he went to the hospital for a checkup, it turned out to be lung cancer. During the 10 years from 2000 to 2010, she took her husband everywhere to see doctors. They spent more than 60,000 yuan on medical bills -- once, they spent 20,000 yuan for a single visit to a hospital in Foshan(a city of Guangdong Province in China). She felt so miserable seeing her husband get weaker and weaker day after day, but there was nothing she could do. In October 2010, her husband passed away in the torture of his illness.<br /> <br /> ====丁粤 Ding Yue ====<br /> <br /> 她说就是从那个时候开始，自己的身体变得很不舒服。最初的征兆是心跳加快，怎么都控制不了。她感慨，“以前干活很舍得出力气，干完了地里的活，又到山上去干，满山跑都不觉得累。”有一次，她挑着竹笋回村。当她要过河时，水突然涨了起来，直淹到腰部，把她差点都冲走了，但她还是挑着笋爬了上来。以前，她能挑动120斤的笋，而现在，连90斤都挑不起来。“腿承受不了那重量。”<br /> <br /> She said it was from then on that her body became very uncomfortable. The initial symptom was the acceleration of heartbeat, which could not be controlled at all. She sighed, &quot;I was willing to work hard before. After finishing the work in the field, I continued to work in the mountain. I didn't feel tired running all over the mountain.&quot; Once, she carried bamboo shoots back to the village. When she was about to cross the river, the water suddenly rose and flooded up to her waist, almost washing her away. But she still climbed up with the bamboo shoots. Previously, she was able to pick up 120 jin（A unit of weight used in China. One jin is equal to 500 grams） bamboo shoots. But now, she can't even pick up 90 jin bamboo shoots. &quot;The legs can't bear that weight.&quot; <br /> <br /> 46岁是个分水岭。她记得十分清楚，“就是从那一年开始到医院的。”她觉得身体越来越不好，总是出汗——浑身上下都冒汗，尤其是胸窝里的汗更大。“嗨！睡个午觉能把床板湿透一半，身上的衣服全都湿透了！”；她总感觉到处都疼——有时是两侧的腰眼疼，疼得直不起身来；有时则是胸腔有刺痛的感觉，像是有剑穿过；她还能感觉到从心脏到胳膊的血脉不畅通。她形容自己的心脏内部——“像灯泡在慢慢地暗下来，太阳在一点点落山”。然后，她瞪大眼睛，直直地盯视着你，“我的心脏里面是黑的和暗的！”然而，在另外的时候，那颗心脏又像突然被通上了电，热流从里面汹涌而出，直传到脚趾，让整个身体控制不了地想下跪。有时，当她睡到晚上三四点，突然被惊醒，发现自己的右腿下部丧失了知觉。她便抱起腿来朝地上用力一摔，再用手连续拍打，最终才慢慢地恢复了知觉。<br /> <br /> The age of 46 is a watershed. She remembered very clearly, &quot;It was from that year on that she started going to the hospital.&quot; She felt that her body condition became worse and worse. She always sweated——sweating all over her body, especially in her chest sockets. &quot;Hai!（a kind of sigh） Taking a nap can wet half of the bed board and all the clothes on my body!&quot;; She always felt pain everywhere ——sometimes her waist eyes（The waist eye is located at the bottom of the middle part of the waist, which is the connection between the lumbar spine and the spine）on both sides hurt so much that she couldn't stand up straight; Sometimes there was a tingling feeling in her chest, like a sword passing through; She could also felt that the blood flowing from her heart to her arms was blocked. She described the inner part of her heart——&quot; darkening slowly like a light bulb, setting bit by bit like a sun&quot;. Then she stared straightly at you with widened eyes, &quot;The inside of my heart is black and dark!&quot; However, at other times, the heart seemed to be suddenly electrified, and the heat flow surged out of it, right down to her toes, making her whole body want to kneel uncontrollably. Sometimes, when she slept until three or four o'clock at night, she was suddenly awakened and found that her lower right leg lost consciousness. She then picked up her legs and threw them hard to the ground, then slapped them continuously with her hands. And finally her legs regained consciousness slowly.<br /> <br /> ==== 付静 Fu Jing====<br /> <br /> 那时，村里还没有开通公交车，她便叫亲戚开车送她去英德人民医院。一见医生，她还没开口说病情，眼泪就先忍不住掉了下来。虽然她好手好脚，但她却过得实在辛苦。那个心血管科的医生问她——“是不是生活压力大”，她却摇摇头。经过各种检查，医生告诉她得的病是“心脏神经官能症”。同时，她还患有甲状腺功能减退、更年期综合征和抑郁症。在医生的建议下，她开始了住院治疗。可是，在医院的生活，“实在是太可怕了”——那头破血流的男人喘气的声音让她难受；那护士推着带轮子的车踢踏跑的声音让她难受；那病人揪着头发从喉咙里挤出的呻吟让她难受；那半夜有人睡不着用指甲抓墙的声音也让她难受。于是，她强烈地要求——出院回家！<br /> <br /> <br /> At that time, there was no bus service in the village, so she asked her relatives to drive her to the Yingde People's Hospital. As soon as she saw the doctor, hardly had she started to talk about her condition when her tears could not stop dropping.Though with sound hands and feet, she was living a really hard life. The cardiovascular doctor asked her - &quot;Is your life too stressful?&quot; - but she shook her head. After various examinations, the doctor told her that she had a &quot;cardiac neurosis&quot; and that she was also suffering from hypothyroidism, menopausal syndrome and depression. On the advice of her doctor, she began her hospitalisation. However, her life in hospital was &quot;just horrible&quot; - the sound of a man with a broken head gasping for breath made her miserable; the sound of a nurse pushing a cart running and tapping on the floor made her miserable; the moaning of a patient pulling hair out of the throat made her miserable; and the sound of someone who could not sleep in the mid-night scratching the nails against the wall also made her miserable. So, she strongly requested to be discharged and go home!<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> There was no bus in the village at that time, so she asked relatives to drive her to the Yingde People's Hospital. As soon as she saw the doctor, before she opened her mouth to say about her condition, tears could not help but fall. Though with sound hands and feet, she was living a really hard life. The cardiovascular doctor asked her - &quot;Is your life too stressful?&quot; - but she shook her head. After various examinations, the doctor told her that she had a &quot;cardiac neurosis&quot; and that she was also suffering from hypothyroidism, menopausal syndrome and depression. On the advice of her doctor, she began her hospitalisation. However, her life in hospital was &quot;just horrible&quot; - the sound of a man with a broken head gasping for breath made her miserable; the sound of a nurse pushing a cart running and tapping on the floor made her miserable; the moaning of a patient pulling hair out of the throat made her miserable; and the sound of someone who could not sleep in the mid-night scratching the nails against the wall also made her miserable. So, she strongly requested to be discharged and go home!<br /> <br /> ==== 高燕 Gao Yan====<br /> <br /> 她按医生的嘱咐吃药，也按照医生叮嘱放松心情，但她的病情却越来越严重。譬如，听说第二天要坐车出村时，她就开始心跳不已，一直焦虑不安。等到坐在车上后，心跳非但没有平缓，反而更加厉害；譬如，有时当她躺下睡觉，总感觉被一双大手给按住脖颈，怎么都无法动弹。最后，她要费很大的力气挣扎，才让自己从梦里醒来。<br /> 她总是睡不着。有时努力地睡着了，但又总是被惊醒。如此反反复复地折腾，令她痛苦不堪。等她再次到医院时，看的却是心理科。心理医生十分详细地询问了她的家庭情况。她坦言自己有3个孩子——大女儿28岁，已结婚；小女儿26岁，在外面打工已10年；儿子25岁，在广州上的大学，学的是会计专业，现在正在找工作。她是低保户，每月有753元的低保补助。医生劝她想开一点，放松心情，多到外面出去走走，多干活，慢慢调节一下就好了。医生给她开的安眠药是进口的，一片要50元。“怪得很！那药吃完就睡着了！”<br /> <br /> <br /> She took the medicine and relaxed as what her doctor told her to, but her condition got worse and worse. For example, when she heard that she was going out of the village by car the next day, her heart began to beat and she was always anxious. When she was sitting in the car, her heart began to beat hardly than before rather than became gentle. For example, sometimes when she lies down to sleep, she always feels that a pair of big hands are pressed on her neck, and she can't move. In the end, she had to struggle hard to wake herself from the dream. She never sleeps. Sometimes she tried hard to fall asleep, but then was awakened. Such experience made her condition become worse. When she went to the hospital again, she saw the psychology department. The psychologist asked her about her family in great detail. She confessed that she has 3 children - the eldest daughter is 28 years old and married; The youngest daughter is 26 years old and has been working outside for 10 years; her son 25, is studying accounting at a university in Guangzhou and is now looking for a job. She is a subsistence allowance of 753 yuan per month. The doctor advised her to open a little, relax her mood, go out and walk more, work more, and adjust slowly. The sleeping pills prescribed to her by the doctor were imported, and one tablet cost 50 yuan. &quot;It's very weird! I fell asleep after taking that medicine! ”<br /> <br /> <br /> She took the medicine and relaxed as what her doctor told her, but her condition got worse and worse. For example, when she heard that she would go out of the village by car the next day, her heart began to beat faster with anxiety. When she was sitting in the car, she still could not calm dowm with her heart beating hardly than before. For example, sometimes when she lay down to sleep, she always felt that a pair of big hands are pressing on her neck, so that she could not move. In the end, she had to struggle hard to wake herself from the dream. She suffered from insomnia. And sometimes she tried hard to fall asleep, but then she was awakened. Such experiences made her condition become worse. When she went to the hospital again, she chose the psychology department to examine. The psychologist asked her about her family in great detail. She confessed that she has 3 children - the eldest daughter is 28 years old and gets married; the younger daughter is 26 years old and has been working outside for 10 years; her son, 25, majors in accounting at a university in Guangzhou and is now looking for a job. Her household is supported by the subsistence allowance of 753 yuan per month. The doctor advised her to relax herself by going out and around and trying to do more work, so that she could adjust herself slowly. The sleeping pills prescribed to her by the doctor were imported, and one tablet cost 50 yuan. &quot;It's very weird! I fell asleep after taking that medicine!&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== 关娜 Guan Na====<br /> <br /> 睡眠的情况改善了之后，另一种病情又爆发了——甲状腺功能减退。这种病的表现是头晕、头疼、耳鸣、记忆力差。于是，在她吃的一堆药里，又加上了一种“左甲状腺素钠片”。她在家里用电饭煲煮饭时，经常会忘记开电——等到要吃饭时才发现，米还是米，水还是水；她非常害怕明火——家里虽然有煤气灶，但却只用过一两次，因为她总是忘记怎么打火；可是，当她用电磁炉煮汤时，又会因为恍神而让汤沸出来。<br /> 她对自己的身体产生了深深的担忧，所以对药物有了强烈的依赖感。看到电视广告上说北京有种药多么多么好，她便信了。那药一盒1300元，她一共买了3万元的。家里的亲戚听说后，马上阻止了她：“你上当了！再别买了！”她翻箱倒柜，找出个小本子给你看，上面写着一个“北京朝阳区“”的地址。她盯着你，满脸狐疑：“北京还能卖假货？”“可我吃了后，真的舒服很多啊！”<br /> <br /> After her sleep improved, another disease flared up,that is, hypothyroidism. The symptoms of this disease were dizziness, headache, ringing in the ears and poor memory. Then she added &quot;levothyroxine sodium tablet&quot; in her prescriptions. When she cooked at home with a rice cooker, she often forgot to turn on the electricity, then when eating, she found that rice was still rice and water was still water. She was very afraid of open flames. And there was a gas cooker at home, but she only used it once or twice, because she always forgot how to light it. However, when she cooked the soup on the induction cooker, the soup would boil because she was ansent-minded. Then she was deeply concerned about her body, so she became very dependent on these drugs. When she saw a TV advertisement about an effective medicine in Beijing, she believed it. The medicine was 1300 yuan per box and she bought 30,000 yuan altogether. After her relatives heard about it, they stopped her immediately: &quot;You've been cheated! Don't buy any more!&quot; She rummaged through the cupboard and found a small book to show them. It read an address of &quot;Chaoyang District in Beijing&quot;. She stared at you with doubt, &quot;Can fake goods be sold in Beijing?&quot; &quot;And after I ate, I really felt more comfortable!&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====<br /> <br /> 邓承仙带你去看她的地。那块种花生地就在路边，只比一张圆桌稍大一点，但这并不妨碍她凝望它时，眼神里流露出母亲般的慈爱。那块地的形状很不规则，三垄花生苗不足十米，稀稀拉拉地摆开架势。那些植物的叶片发黄，一派蔫头耷脑的样子，好像还没有野草长得精神。邓承仙絮絮叨叨：“花生和人一样，刚开始叶子油绿油绿的，后来慢慢变黄，等快成熟的时候就会长出黑点，就像老人斑。”她好像在嫌弃这些家伙：“看看，还没有收呢！”她拢起一把花生杆，用力一拔，植物的根须便被拔了出来。那些椭圆状的小东西上粘着很多泥土，就像刚出生的胎儿身上粘着汁液。当女人低头凝望那些小家伙时，眼角、眉梢和嘴角全都飞扬了起来。她抖着花生的根须，试图将泥土掸下去，但那动作格外得轻柔，生怕让哪颗花生落在地上。<br /> <br /> ==== 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====<br /> <br /> 她现在住的房子是2017年建的，花了12万。“如果没有政府补助的4万元，这房子无论如何是盖不起来的。”每逢过年过节，扶贫干部们还会拿来装着三百元钱的大红包。老房子的厨房就在新房子对面——屋顶上的瓦片坍塌出一个洞，屋外的墙基黝黑发绿。进入内里，像进入了一个洞穴：从墙根到屋顶，一色全黑。这间厨房里堆着一大摞竹编筐和一堆木柴，还有各种坛坛罐罐、脸盆水桶之类的杂物。虽然因盖房子借了3万元的债，买门窗和钢筋的2.6万元也是赊的，但她并不后悔建新房。显而易见，新房子到底不一样——更敞亮！更干燥！更卫生！更方便！她常常拎着筐子去房顶晒干菜，幻想着能再攒点钱，可以再加高一层。在扶贫干部的鼓励下，她准备在地里种蔬菜和西瓜芭乐，可以多卖点钱。现在，她的小女儿和儿子都在外打工，每年大约有5万元的收入。她带着你一起来到屋顶。在这个制高点上，她能举目四望——这个家的日子，眼瞅着是越来越好了。<br /> <br /> The house she lives in now was built in 2017 which cost 120,000 yuan. &quot;Without the 40,000 yuan from government subsidy, the house would not have been built anyway.&quot; During the Spring Festival, poverty alleviation officials will bring a big red envelopes containing 300 yuan. The kitchen of the old house is on the other side of the new one,with a hole on the roof tiles and the exterior walls are dark and green. Inside, it's like entering into a cave: from the walls to the roof, it's all black. The kitchen is filled with a large pile of bamboo baskets and a pile of firewood, as well as various kinds of pots, pans, washbasins and buckets. She has no regrets about building a new house, even though she borrowed 30,000 yuan to build it and 26,000 yuan to buy the doors, windows and rebar. Obviously, the new house is different after all -- it's brighter, drier, more hygienic and more convenient! She often took baskets to the roof to dry vegetables, imagining that she could save enough money to add another floor. Encouraged by poverty alleviation officials, she plans to plant vegetables and watermelon bars in the field, which she can sell to earn more money. Now, her younger daughter and son both work outside of the home, earning about 50,000 yuan a year. She took you with her to the roof. From this vantage point, she could look around the house and see that life was getting better and better.<br /> <br /> == Part 20 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi====<br /> 木匠<br /> <br /> 从中心村小组到杨梅坑村小组，不仅要路过一条弯弯曲曲的山路，还要路过一条河上的一截窄桥。那桥身似乎刚好装下了车身——司机只要稍微一拐方向盘，整个车身便会即刻落入河水中。过了桥后，司机又曲曲折折地绕了好几个弯，终于，在一栋砖房前刹了车。陆奕罗的家就在这里。门前环绕着一条水泥板隔成的小溪，十几只母鸡唧唧喳喳地在漫步，铁丝上吊挂着T恤衫和毛巾。进入屋内，你看到水泥地面十分整洁，木沙发和木方桌也擦拭得相当干净。电视、冰箱、消毒柜、烧水壶一应俱全。1961年刚出生时，这个男人的身体还是健全的，可在他两岁时，得了小儿麻痹。现在，他穿着件深蓝色的长袖T恤，蓝色长裤和黑色皮凉鞋，就坐在你面前。<br /> <br /> The carpenter.<br /> <br /> From the Zhongxin(central) village to the Yangmeikeng village, not only should people pass a winding mountain road, but also cross a narrow bridge over a river. The width of the bridge seemed to just fit a car——a slight turn on the steering wheel by the driver would lead the car to fall into the river immediately. After crossing the bridge, the driver zigzagged several times, and finally, braked in front of a brick house. Here is Lu Yiluo’s home, which was surrounded by a stream separated by cement slabs. In the front courtyard, a dozen of hens strolled over with chirps, and the T-shirts and towels hung on the wires. Walking into the house, you would encounter the neat cement floor, a clean wooden sofa, and a wooden square table. The house was equipped with furniture like a television, refrigerator, disinfection cabinet, and teakettle. In 1961, this man was born with a healthy body. At the age of 2, he was struck by poliomyelitis. Now, he is sitting before you, dressed in a dark blue long-sleeved shirt, blue trousers, and a pair of black leather sandals.<br /> <br /> The carpenter.<br /> From the Zhongxin village to the Yangmeikeng village, not only should people pass a winding mountain road, but also cross a narrow bridge over a river. The bridge seems to just for a car passing——a slight turn on the steering wheel by the driver would lead the car to fall into the river immediately. After crossing the bridge, the driver zigzags several times, and finally stops the car in front of a brick house. It is Lu Yiluo’s house surrounded by a stream separated by cement slabs in the front it. A dozen of hens strolls over with chirps, and the T-shirts and towels hangs on the wires.Entering into the room equipped with furniture like a television, refrigerator, disinfection cabinet, and teakettle, you would see a neat cement floor, wooden sofa and a wooden square table. In 1961, he was born with a healthy body. At the age of 2, he was struck by poliomyelitis. Now, he is sitting before you, dressed in a dark blue long-sleeved shirt, blue trousers, and a pair of black leather sandals.<br /> <br /> ==== 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei====<br /> <br /> 他的五官显得相当周正——粗眉深目，高鼻厚唇。皮肤并不黝黑，反而有些姜黄。虽然额头和眼角也有细细的皱纹，但这依旧是一张中年男子的面孔。他说话的声音很低沉，语速也不是很快，但显然，这是个思维敏捷的男人。从他的眼神里射出的目光，机敏而尖锐。他举起手指有些懊恼地说：“手受伤了，干不成活，真急人。”他是一天也不想休息的那种人。在他看来，干活不仅仅是为了挣钱——他人生的全部意义，都凝结在劳作中。<br /> <br /> He is pretty well-featured - having thick eyebrows, deep eyes, high nose and thick lips. His skin is not that swarthy, but turmeric. Although fine wrinkles on the forehead and corners of the eyes, he still has a middle-aged face. Having a low voice with not very fast pacing. But obviously, he is a man of quick mind; his eyes are sharp and alert. He raises his finger and says with upset, &quot;With my hand being injured, it annoys me that I am not able to do anything.&quot; He is a kind of person who doesn't want to rest one single day. In his view, working is not only for making money - all the meaning of his life is condensed in his work.<br /> <br /> He had pretty regular features—embracing thick eyebrows, deep eyes, strong nose and thick lips. His skin was a little turmeric instead of swarthy. In spite of some thin wrinkles on his forehead and corners of his eyes, his face showed that he was in the middle age. He had a low voice and didn’t speak very fast. However, it was obvious that he was a man of quick mind, whose eyes were sharp and alert. He raised his fingers and said with upset, &quot;It annoys me that I am not able to do anything because of the wounded hand.&quot; He was the person who wasn’t willing to have a rest even for one day, because in his view, working wasn’t simply for earning money, but was condensed with all the meaning of his life.<br /> <br /> 当他拄着拐杖往前行走时，左手紧紧地抓着拐杖的头部，而右手则抓着拐杖的中部。他将全身的重量都攀附在拐杖上，好像将整个身子吊挂在那根木棍上一样。他就这样艰难地往前挪一步之后，再挪一步。然而，他走路的速度一点也不慢，和正常人迈开大步的节奏差不多。他的脊椎骨向外鼓凸，形成了一个大包。正是这个大包让他的上身无法直立，加上双腿也比一般人软，所以他的整个身体显得非常矮小。<br /> <br /> Walking with a stick, his left hand tightly grasps the head of the stick and his right hand grasps the middle of it. He attaches all his weight to the stick, as if he were hanging his whole body on it. He just takes a hard step forward and then another step. But his walking speed is not slow at all, which is similar to that of normal people. His spine bulges outward, forming a big bag. It is this big bag that makes his upper body unable to stand upright, and his legs are also weaker than ordinary people, so his whole body seems very short.<br /> <br /> When he walked with a stick, he tightly grasped the head of it with his left hand and held the middle with the right. He attached all his weight to the stick, which seemed like his body was hung on that wooden stick. In this way, he took a hard step forward and then another step, but the speed wasn’t slow at all, which was almost as same as the speed of a normal people. His spine bulged outward and formed a big bag, the one making his upper body unable to stand upright. His legs were also weaker than ordinary level, so his body seemed very short.<br /> <br /> ==== 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====<br /> <br /> 他遗憾自己只上了两年小学——到学校去要走山路，而且要走一个多小时。早上出门时要带上中午的饭，傍晚时才能回家。晴天时还好些；如果遇到了下雨天，山路就特别难走。他的脑子特别灵光，学什么都很轻松。但是后来，他还是放弃了上学。当木匠的想法生发于20岁——他总不能这样甩着手过一辈子。别人都去山上砍木头砍竹笋，可那些活他干不了；家里有2亩地，可以种水稻也可以种花生，但他也干不了。他把地都让弟弟去种后，盘算着干一些力所能及的事。他的腿不好，能选择的职业范围非常有限。思忖了几天后，他把目光锁定在“木匠”上。<br /> <br /> He regretted that he had only been in primary school for two years——It was a mountain road to school, which usually took more than one hour to arrive there. He had to take his meal when he went out in the morning for he couldn’t go home until evening. It would be fun to walk on the mountain roads if it was sunny, but would be extremely hard if it was rainy. He was very clever to learn anything with no effort, but he still chose to give up school later. The idea of being a carpenter hit him when he was 20 years old——he couldn’t be idle all his life. Neither can he chop wood and bamboo shots on the mountains like others, nor plant rice or peanut in the two acres of land of his family. Therefore, he left the land to his brother and thought about what he could do to make a living, which was very limited because of his legs. After a few days of consideration, he paid his attention on being a carpenter.<br /> <br /> He regretted that he had only been in primary school for two years, because it usually took more than one hour on the mountain roads to school. In the morning, he had to take his lunch with him for he couldn’t go home until evening. Sunny days would be fine when he walked on the mountain paths, but it would be extremely hard when it was rainy. He was very clever to learn anything new, but he still chose to give up school later. When Lu was 20, it hit him to be a carpenter instead of doing nothing but wasting all his life. However, neither could he climb mountains to chop wood or bamboo like others, nor plant rice or peanut in the two mus of land of his family. Therefore, leaving the land to his brother, Lu began to think about what he could do for a living. Choices for him were very limited because of his disabled legs. After a few days of consideration, he decided to learn to be a carpenter.<br /> <br /> ====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====<br /> <br /> 然而，掌握木工活并不容易——他根本找不到师傅来教自己。他家住在山区，路途太远，而且，他也掏不起请师傅的费用。于是，他便自己买原料，自己看尺寸，自己琢磨着干起来。最初，他先试着做一些简单的产品，后来，他便开始做复杂的。就这样，他慢慢地摸索了十几年后，才感觉自己算是个熟手了。他的家里放着一张桌子，四方四正的，显得端庄厚重——棕黄色的桌面异常平整，四条桌腿异常稳当，桌面与桌腿的衔接异常平和。然而，这张桌子却和普通的桌子有明显的不同——桌腿要更矮一些。显然，这是主人为自己量身定制的；显然，这不仅是主人家的一件物品，还是他的展览品。<br /> <br /> However, mastering wood working was not easy-- Lu could not find a master to teach him because his family lived in the distant mountains and he couldn't afford the payment. So he bought raw materials, studied different sizes, and worked on carpentry himself. Initially, Lu tried to do some simple products. Later, he began to do more complicated items. In this way, he had slowly fumbled for more than a decade before he felt like a skilled hand. There was a square table in his house, dignified and heavy—the brown table top was unusually flat, the four table legs were unusually stable and the table top and legs were articulated fine together. Yet this table was significantly different from the ordinary table-- the table legs were visibly shorter. Apparently, it was custom-made for himself; it was not only an object of the owner, but also one of his exhibition.<br /> <br /> However, mastering wood working was not easy—Lu could not find a master to teach him because his family lived in the distant mountains and he couldn’t afford the payment. So he bought raw materials, studied different sizes, and worked on carpentry himself. Initially, Lu tried to do some simple products. Later, he began to focus on more complicated items. In this way, he had slowly fumbled for more than a decade before he felt like a skilled hand. There was a square table in his house, seemingly dignified and heavy—the brown table top was extremely flat, four table legs were unusually stable, what’s more, the top and legs were finely articulated together. Yet this table was significantly different from the ordinary table— the table legs were visibly shorter. Apparently, it was custom-made for himself; it was not only an object of the owner, but also one of his exhibitions.<br /> <br /> ==== 李鸿 Li Hong====<br /> <br /> 说起自己最擅长做的，他有些得意——“木桌，当然是木桌！”“可是……”他的声调又低了下来：“现在，很多人都到市场上去买桌子了！”他还擅长做圆木桶——榨花生油的时候，要把花生先放在木桶里蒸，再在大锅里炒熟后去榨油。你曾在连江口镇的榨油坊里见到过那种大桶——有一米多高，腰身粗大，虽然只卖100元，但销量依旧不是很大。<br /> 他推开侧旁房间的门——这是他的工作间。一台涂着黄绿色的机器出现在眼前——台式平压刨木工多用机床，型号为MLQ342。这机器浑身簇新，是扶贫干部通过各种方式为他化缘来的。房间里堆着的那些圆木棍，都需要用这个机器裁成木板，才能做成各种箱子或桶子。他用手指抚摸着那机器，眼神里流露出慈爱的笑意。他不断地赞叹道：“这个和以前的那个不一样啊！这个功能很多！”当他坐在机器旁开始工作时，整个人都显得神采奕奕，像舞台上的演员被一束追光所照耀——他的肩膀，他的胳膊、他的双手都配合着他的目光，让木板被刺啦刺啦地切割开来。一切都显得那样机敏、灵巧而迅速。在这台机器面前，他获得了一种尊严。<br /> <br /> Speaking of what he was best at, he was a little proud— “wooden tables, of course!” “But...” his voice lowered, “Nowadays, many people are going to the market to buy tables…” He was also good at making round wooden barrels—during the process of making peanut oil, you have to steam the peanuts in a wooden barrel first, and then fry them in a big pot before squeezing the oil. I have seen the kind of large barrels in the oil press in Lianjiangkou Town—they were more than a meter high, and bulky around the waist, though only sold for 100 yuan each, they still didn’t sell very well. He opened the door to the side room—this was his workshop. A yellow-green painted machine appeared in front of us—it was a desktop flat-pressing planer multi-purpose woodworking machine, model MLQ342. This machine was brand new; the poverty alleviation officers begged alms for him through various means. The round sticks piled up in the room needed to be cut into wooden boards by this machine so that he could make various boxes or barrels. He stroked the machine with his fingers, and a loving smile came out of his eyes. He kept exclaiming, “This is different from the old one! This one has many functions!” As he sat down at the machine and began to work, his whole being looked radiant, like an actor on stage being spotted by the chasing light—his shoulders, arms, hands all matched his gaze, letting the boards to be pricked and chopped. Everything seemed so tact, deft and swift. In the presence of this machine, he gained a kind of dignity.<br /> <br /> Speaking of what he was best at, he was a little proud— “wooden tables, of course!” “But...” his voice lowered down, “Nowadays, many people buy tables in the market…” He was also good at making round wooden barrels—during the process of making peanut oil, people have to steam the peanuts in a wooden barrel first, and then fry them in a big pot before pressing the oil. You had seen the kind of large barrels in the oil press in Lianjiangkou Town—they were more than a meter high, and bulky around the waist, though only sold for 100 yuan each, they still didn’t sell very well. He opened the side room's door—this was his workshop. A yellow-green painted machine appeared in front of us—it was a desktop flat-pressing planer multi-purpose woodworking machine, model MLQ342. This machine was brand new; the poverty alleviation officers begged alms for him through all kinds of approaches. The round sticks piled up in the room needed to be cut into wooden boards by this machine so that he could make various boxes or barrels. He stroked the machine with his fingers, and a loving smile came out of his eyes. He kept exclaiming, “This is different from the old one! This one has many more functions!” As he sat down at the machine and began to work, his whole being looked radiant, like an actor on stage under the chasing spotlight—his shoulders, arms, hands all matched his gaze, letting the boards to be pricked and chopped. Everything seemed so tact, deft and swift. In the presence of this machine, he gained a kind of dignity.<br /> <br /> ====李佳珺 Li Jiajun====<br /> <br /> 现在，他主要以做蜂箱为主。因为名声在外，所以无论是连樟村的养蜂人，还是村子周围的养蜂人，都会到他这里来定做——陆飞庭的蜂箱就是在他这里做的！一个箱子的售价是60或70元，除去成本和人工，可净赚30元左右。状态好的时候，他一天可以做两三个，能挣60到100元。每个蜂箱的规格都不相同，要按养蜂人定的规矩来做。每年，上门来找他做箱子的人大约有50个，这些人能为他带来1万多元的收入。蜂箱看起来容易，但做起来十分复杂。他拿起一个木框比划着说：“要想做好蜂箱，是很不容易的。”做蜂箱不能用杂木，一定要用杉木，因为杉木比较轻，便于搬动；箱内还要放四五个隔板，隔板上还要装上纱布。<br /> <br /> Now he mainly made beehives. Due to his good reputation, no matter the beekeeper in Lianzhang Village or around the Village would come to him to customize beehives——and Lu Feiting’s beehive was made by him! A beehive sold for 60 or 70 yuan, which can net about 30 yuan after cost and labor. The size of each beehive is different, it depended on the rule of beekeepers. Every year there were about 50 people came to him for beehives, and these people could bring him more than 10,000 yuan income. Making a beehive seems easy but in reality is quite complicated. He picked up a wooden frame, waving it and saying, “It is not easy to make a high-quality beehive.” Cedar was necessary for making beehives instead of miscellaneous wood as cedar was relatively light to carry; in the hive, four of five clapboards with gauze were also needed.<br /> <br /> ==== 李可依 Li Keyi====<br /> <br /> 他没有找老婆——“不敢叫人介绍”。他叹了一口气——“怎么好意思呢？”他每个月有460元的低保补助和150元的残疾补助。可是，他却一点也不愿闲着。他愿意干活——哪怕是苦活和累活，他都愿意干。因为，“做才有，不做没有。”有时候，他做活时弄伤了手指，医生让他休息，可他却在屋子里走来走去，异常难受。<br /> 突然，门外走进一个粗壮的男人，说是来送木头的——原来，是村里的扶贫干部联系了附近的农场，给他赠送了5立方米的杉木。他立刻拿起拐杖朝外走。虽然每走一步，他的身体都要花费很大的气力,但他还是走得那样快、那样急——他一心想要看到那些木头的模样。路过那堆叽叽喳喳的母鸡群，又路过盖着黑瓦片的那栋屋子，还路过挂着“我爱你中国”的红色横幅，终<br /> 于，他来到了道路的拐弯处。当他的身子倚靠着拐杖停下时，他的脑袋只比那拐杖高出一点点。<br /> <br /> He was not married, “I dare not call a matchmaker, how can I do that?” He said with a sigh. He has a monthly low income benefit of 460 yuan and a disability benefit of 150 yuan. However, he does not want to be idle at all. He is willing to work, even if it is hard and tired. Because “there is income only when you work, not when you don’t.” Sometimes he hurt his finger while working, the doctor told him to rest, but he was walking around the house, and felt not good. Suddenly, a burly man walked in the door and said he had come to deliver the wood. It turned out that the village’s poverty alleviation cadres had contacted a nearby farm and presented him with 5 cubic meters of cedar wood. He immediately walked towards the outside with his crutches. Although walking each step, his body has to spend a lot of energy, he still walked so fast, so anxious, he was determined to see the wood look like. He passed the pile of chattering hens, the house covered with black tiles, and the red banner with “I love you China”, and finally, he came to the bend in the road. His head was only a little higher than the cane when he stopped with his body leaning on it.<br /> <br /> <br /> He was not married, “I dare not call a matchmaker, how can I do that?” He said with a sigh. He has a monthly low income benefit of 460 yuan and a disability benefit of 150 yuan. However, he did not want to be idle at all. He was willing to work, even if it is hard and tired. Because “there is income only when you work, not when you don’t.” Sometimes he hurt his finger while working, the doctor told him to rest, but he was walking around the room, and felt uncomfortable. Suddenly, a burly man walked in the door and said he had come to deliver the wood. It turned out that the village’s poverty alleviation cadres had contacted a nearby farm and presented him with 5 cubic meters of cedar wood. He immediately walked towards the outside with his crutches. Although he had to work very hard at every step, he still walked so fast, so anxious, he set his heart on seeing the wood look like. He passed the pile of chattering hens, the house covered with black tiles, and the red banner with “I love you China”, and finally, he came to the bend in the road. His head was only a little higher than the cane when he stopped with his body leaning on it.<br /> <br /> ==== 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====<br /> <br /> 是的！那手扶拖拉机的车斗里，塞满了粗粗细细的圆木棍。于是，他指导着司机将车倒入一片空地。他的声音略微拔高了几度：“倒，倒，再倒！好了，好了。”司机从拖拉机里走下来，将车斗上的两根直立木棍拔掉后，那些木棍便呼啦啦地散落了下来。司机返回驾驶室，将车斗的前端抬升起来，形成40度角，让那堆木棍缓慢地滚下来。当司机将拖拉机轻轻往前一抽，在那灰绿色的草滩上，便留下了一大堆的棕黄色的原木。你看到那木匠的眼睛里闪着晶光。他似乎已看到这些木头变成了一块块板子，在他的指挥下，通过拼贴和镶嵌，变成了各式各样的物件。使用那些物件的人都知道，那东西是陆奕罗做的。<br /> <br /> Of course! The hopper of the walking tractor was full of thick and thin round wooden sticks. So he instructed the driver to reverse the car into an open space. His voice rose a little: &quot;Down, down, down again! All right, all right.&quot; The driver came down from the tractor and pulled out the two upright sticks on the hopper of the tractor, then the sticks scattered. The driver returned to the cab and raised the front end of the truck hopper to form a 40 degree angle, so that the pile of sticks slowly rolled down. When the driver pulled the tractor forward slightly, a lot of brown and yellow logs were left on the gray green grassland. You see the light in the carpenter's eyes. He seemed to have seen these woods become pieces of boards. Under his command, the woods have become various objects through splicing and inlaying. Those who use those objects know that they are made by Lu Yiluo.<br /> <br /> Of course! The hopper of the walking tractor was full of thick and thin round wooden sticks. So he instructed the driver to reverse the car into an open space. His voice rose a little: &quot;Down, down, down again! All right, all right.&quot; The driver came down from the tractor and pulled out the two upright sticks on the hopper of the tractor, then the sticks scattered. The driver returned to the cab and raised the front end of the truck hopper to form a 40-degree angle so that the pile of sticks could slowly roll down. When the driver pulled the tractor forward slightly, a lot of brown and yellow logs were left on the gray-green grassland. You see the light in the carpenter's eyes. He seemed to have seen these woods become pieces of boards. Under his command, the woods have become various objects through splicing and inlaying. Those who use those objects know that they are made by Lu Yiluo.<br /> <br /> ==== 李心田 Li Xintian====<br /> <br /> 他从来不觉得自己倒霉，也从来没有抱怨过自己的父母。他能深切地体会到父母的辛苦和不易——“在那样的环境下，我的父母没有遗弃我，我已经很感激他们了。”他说他小的时候，从村里到镇上要走4个小时的山路。所以当他生病后，因为这可恶的山路而耽误了对他的治疗。然而，他很快就释然起来：“现在好了！坐公交车，20分钟就能到镇里了！”从表面上看，他是个相当可怜的人——个子那么矮，每走一步路都那样费劲。然而，当你和他接触后，却发现他是个相当坚韧的男人。原本，他是个“无劳动能力的贫困户”，可是，他不仅通过劳动让自己变得有用，而且还充满了对他人的理解和同情。他在生活的磨砺中所闪现出的人性光辉，是那样得璀璨。<br /> <br /> He never felt ill-fated and never yet complained about his parents. He could understand deeply the hardships and difficulties of his parents— “My parents didn’t desert me even in that conditions. I’m really grateful to them.” He said he had to walk four hours’ mountain road to the town from the village when he was young. So when he got ill, the hateful mountain road really influenced his treatment. However, he was reassured soon: “Now is good! It only takes me 20 minutes to the town!” On the surface, he was a very poor person—so short and so hard for every step. Nevertheless, you would find him an extremely resilient man after you got along with him. He was originally a “registered poor person without working ability”. But now, he not only makes himself useful by working but is also filled with understanding and sympathy for others. The brilliance of human nature glistering from the hardship of his life is so splendid.<br /> <br /> Correction:<br /> He never felt ill-fated and never yet complained about his parents. He could understand deeply the hardships and difficulties of his parents— “My parents didn’t desert me even in that conditions. I’m really grateful to them.” He said he had to walk four hours’ mountain road to the town from the village when he was young. So when he got ill, the hateful mountain road really influenced his treatment. However, he was reassured soon: “Now is good! It only takes me 20 minutes to the town!” On the surface, he was a very poor person—so short and so hard for every step. Nevertheless, you would find him an extremely resilient man after you got along with him. He was originally a “registered poor person without ability to work”. But now, he not only makes himself useful through labour but is also filled with understanding and sympathy for others. The brilliance of human nature glistering from the hardship of his life is so splendid.<br /> <br /> == Part 21 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 李彦 Li Yan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 糖<br /> <br /> 城里人把蜂蜜分为冬蜜和春蜜，可到了养蜂人陆飞庭的嘴里，便是冬糖和春糖。“唉，冬糖贵春糖贱哦。”后来你发现，在他的词汇表里，“糖”既表示蜂蜜，还表示花粉；后来你还发现，其实“糖”不仅是他的执念，还是他的希望。穿过村里那一栋栋黄泥黑瓦的土屋时，你惊诧于那些屋宇像九旬老人般依然挺立，但墙体上则裂出一道道缝隙，如久旱无甘霖的戈壁滩，而那一孔孔窗户，则像一个个幽深的黑洞。那些废墟般的屋子虽然摇摇晃晃，但这样的屋子着实不敢再住人。你探头进去，里面早已搬空。<br /> 陆飞庭住的那栋红砖楼房显得格外威武，不仅高大，而且气宇轩昂。在二楼的阳台上，还挂着条横幅——“头纯酿酒坊，现蒸现买，好喝不上头，免费品尝”。步入客厅，你看到红砖墙上涂抹着一道道白灰，颇有些后现代“工业风”的味道。客厅很宽敞，堆放着一坛坛老酒，有的封着红布，有的用塑料盖着，还有的用大笸箩压着。然而，陆飞庭却不是这些酒的主人——这是亲戚寄放在他这里的——他的主业是养蜂。<br /> Sugar<br /> People in the city divide honey into winter honey and spring honey, while in the mouth of beekeeper Lu Feiting, it is winter sugar and spring sugar. &quot;Alas, winter sugar is expensive and spring sugar is cheap.&quot; Later you find out that in his vocabulary, &quot;sugar&quot; means both honey and pollen; later you also find out that &quot;sugar&quot; is not only his obsession, but also his hope. As you walk through the village, you are amazed at the yellow mud and black tiled houses that are still standing like old men in their nineties, but with cracks in the walls, like the Gobi beach in a long drought, and holes in the windows, like deep black holes. The ruined houses are shaky, but they are too big to be lived in. If you look inside, they have long since been emptied.<br /> The red-brick building where Lu Fei Ting lived looked particularly imposing, not only tall but also mighty. On the balcony of the first floor, there is also a banner hanging - &quot;The head pure brewery, freshly steamed and ready to buy, good to drink, no headache, free tasting&quot;. As you step into the living room, you see the red brick walls painted with a line of white plaster, with a touch of post-modern &quot;industrial style&quot;. The living room is spacious, with piles of old wine, some sealed with red cloth, some covered with plastic, and some pressed in large colanders. However, Lu Fei-ting is not the owner of the wine - it was sent to him by a relative - his main business is beekeeping.<br /> <br /> ==== 李梓玉 Li Ziyu====<br /> <br /> 陆飞庭的身量不高，差不多有1.6米，虽然精瘦但却很是硬朗。他看起来整整齐齐且干干净净：灰白色的短发下，是一件没有褶皱的浅灰色长袖衬衫，配一条深灰色长裤。他的脸盘不大，但五官长得很精致。端详其面目，可揣测他也曾是个清秀少年。然而时光飞逝如电，此刻的他已是一位老人家。虽然一个人生活，但显然，他是个勤快人。木制沙发上铺着毡子，茶几擦拭得干干净净，香烟茶叶摆得规规矩矩。他燃起一根烟，嘴角挂着浅浅的微笑，礼貌而颇有分寸，有一种见过世面后的豁达与从容之感。他感慨自己的砖房是2016年冬天盖起的——他说虽然自己掏了5万元，但政府补助的3.4万元却是雪中送炭，否则，他还得圪蹴在那些岌岌可危的老屋中。<br /> <br /> ==== 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====<br /> <br /> 你注意到陆飞庭的双手又黑又瘦，暴露着青筋，像胳膊上又戴了双黑手套。这是一位72岁的老人的双手。可是，这双手似乎已经年满92岁了。它凝结了岁月无尽的苍凉，比主人的面孔更显苍老。陆飞庭那套着衬衫的身材稍显单薄，眉眼间的微笑也相当淡然，说话时不紧不慢。一个人过了一辈子，他用的就是这种不紧不慢的节奏。他有4分地，种的是水稻，收下来的大米刚够自己吃。作为五保户，政府每月给他补助700元，加上新农保的170元，足够维持生活，但他依旧坚持养蜂。<br /> 退休？不，他并不打算退休，甩着双手享受福利。他喜欢养蜂，而且干得相当不错，为什么不继续干呢？事实上，养蜂带给他的乐趣，绝不只是卖出蜂蜜后点钱的快乐。养蜂是他一生中最重要的一件事，也是他最有经验的一件事，所以，他要在能干得动的时候继续干。虽然现在，随着科技的进步，人们可以用手机购买各种商品，让他感到自己跟不上时代，但是，无论时代<br /> 如何变化，蜂王还是蜂王，工蜂还是工蜂。<br /> It can be noticed that Lu Feiting has a pair of scrawny and black-skinned hands with blue veins on them. <br /> It is more of a hand aged 92 instead 72.<br /> The pair of hands absorbs the endless tiredness of life and it has a much older look than the man’s face.<br /> He looks thin in that shirt. He has that weak smile and never hurried for talking.<br /> He has 266.68 square kilometers of rice land which basically can meet his own food needs.<br /> As a “Five Guarantees” household, with a monthly subsidy of 700 yuan from the government and 170 yuan from the new agriculture insurance, he has enough to live his life. But he insists to keep bees. Retirement? No, he does not intend to retire which requires him to live on the subsidy and do no work.<br /> He loves keeping bees and he is very good at it. Then why he stopped? Because for him the joy of keeping bees is not only the money.<br /> Keeping bees is the most important thing in his life and the best thing he can do. So he keeps working while he is still capable. Now, as technology advances, people can use their cell phones to purchase all kinds of products which makes him feel like he can’t keep up with the times. But no matter how times change, bee king remains to be bee king, worker bee remains to be worker bee.<br /> <br /> Correction：<br /> <br /> It can be noticed that Lu Feiting has a pair of scrawny and black-skinned hands with blue veins on them, and it seems that he wears a pair of black glove. He is 72 years old, but you may regard him as 92 years old after seeing his hands. The pair of hands absorbs the endless tiredness of life and it has a much older look than the man’s face. He looks thin in that shirt. He has that placid smile and never talk fast. He spends his whole life at this pace. He has 266.68 square meters of rice paddy, which basically can meet his own food needs. As a person who is provided with food, clothing, healthcare, shelter and funeral, with monthly subsidies of 700 yuan from the government and 170 yuan from the new agriculture insurance, he has enough to live his life. But he insists to keep bees. Retirement? No, he does not intend to retire which requires him to live on the subsidy and do not work. He loves keeping bees and he is very good at it. Then why did he stop? Because for him the joy of keeping bees is not only the money. Keeping bees is the most important thing in his life and the best thing he can do. So he keeps working while he is still capable. Now, as technology advances, people can use their cell phones to purchase all kinds of products, which makes him feel like he can’t keep up with the times. But no matter how times change, queen bees remain to be queen bees, and worker bees remain to be worker bees.<br /> <br /> ==== 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====<br /> <br /> <br /> 他在年轻的时候，干过不少工作——这会儿在林场打工，那会儿在茶厂干活，甚至还在育种场也干过那么一阵。然而最终，他的职业规划里只剩下了一个可选项：养蜂。他在木匠陆奕罗那里定制了一批蜂箱后，便在家里开始操作。这一养，便把一个人的半辈子晃了过去。现在，他的院子里还摆着20多个蜂箱。他有些得意起来——“最多时，有60多个蜂箱呢！”这些蜂箱每年能为他带来2万多元的收入。<br /> 他的一生，看起来似乎有些单调和乏味。尤其是后半生的这30年，他只干了一件事：养蜂。然而，他却深深地爱着这个工作。为了酿出上好的荔枝蜜，他带着蜂箱从村里到从化去赶花。从化是个很远的地方，没有直达的交通车，他便到处打听，试图和别人拼车去：“出去”一趟300元，“进来”一趟又是300元。在果园的荔枝树下搭起帐篷，他和他的蜜蜂一住就是一个多月。那些荔枝树的主人一见他就笑眯眯的——“来啦！来啦！”原来，荔枝开花时如果“糖”——花粉——太多，就会把花沤死。冬糖要在每年的12月至1月采摘，因花开得少，糖就珍贵，故而一斤大约能卖50元；春糖在每年的4月采摘，一斤15元。贱的时候，10元8元也卖过。<br /> <br /> When he was young, he did a lot of jobs—he once worked in forestry center, tea factory and even breeding farm. But finally, he only left one option in his career planning—beekeeping. He started working at home after customizing a batch of beehives from Lu Yiluo, a carpenter. Surprisingly, he spent half of his life on it. Now, his garden is home to 20-plus beehives. He is proud, “ I owned more than 60 beehives at most.” He can earn over 20,000 yuan per year from them. Although his life seemed tedious, especially he only did one thing in 30 years in the latter part of his life, he had great passion for this job. To brew quality lychee honey, he brought beehives to Conghua where lychee is abundant. There was no direct road for buses to shuttle between his village and this place, which was far from his home, so he asked around and wanted to carpool with others. A round trip costed 600 yuan. After setting up tent under the lychee tree in the orchard, he and his bees would stay for like a month. Owners of those lychee trees smiled when seeing him, “ Oh, I’m so glad you came.” The reason behind it was that if “sugar” or pollen was too much when lychee trees bloomed, flowers would die. Sugar produced in Winter should be picked up between December and January, and the quantity was small, so one jin of this valuable sugar can cost 50 yuan or so. Sugar produced in Spring should be picked up in April, with the price of 15 yuan per jin, or even 10 yuan, 8 yuan when the market was sluggish.<br /> <br /> Correction:<br /> When he was young, he did quite a few jobs—he once worked in a forestry center, a tea factory and even a breeding farm. But finally, he only left one option in his career planning—beekeeping. He started his beekeeper life at home after customizing a batch of beehives from Lu Yiluo, a carpenter. Surprisingly, he spent half of his life on it. Now, his garden is home to more than 20 beehives. He is proud to say, “ I owned over 60 beehives at most.” These beehives bring him over 20,000 yuan per year. Although his life seemed tedious, especially he only did one thing within 30 years in the latter part of his life, he had great passion for this job, that is, beekeeping. To brew quality lychee honey, he brought beehives to Conghua where lychee is abundant. There was no direct road for buses to shuttle between his village and this place, which was far from his home, so he asked around and wanted to carpool with others. A round trip costed 600 yuan. After setting up a tent under the lychee trees in the orchard, he spent a whole month with his bees together. Owners of those lychee trees smiled to him when seeing him, “ Oh, I’m so glad you are here.” The reason behind it was that if “sugar” or pollen was too much when lychee trees bloomed, flowers would die. Sugar produced in Winter should be picked between December and January with a small quantity, so one jin of this valuable sugar can cost 50 yuan or so. Sugar produced in Spring should be picked in April each year, with the price of 15 yuan per jin, and even 10 yuan or 8 yuan when the market was sluggish.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘丛领 Liu Congling====<br /> <br /> 他会留一点“糖”给自己喝。那些“糖”就装在雪碧的塑料瓶中。当他拧开瓶盖，让液体缓缓地流淌而出，时，那金黄色便和红茶融为一体，让茶水变得甘甜醇厚。那一刻，他抿了抿嘴，感觉内心充满了百分之百的满足。他凝视着你：“喝呀！喝呀！”于是，你便端起了塑料杯。他酿造出的蜂蜜——或者说是“糖”——味道极其清浅，只在舌尖上有点微甜，像洞口外的一丝亮光般若隐若现。有客人来买他的“糖”，他从不随便抬价——他的“糖”就是他的闺女，他希望“她们”能嫁到好人家去。看到有女顾客来买，他狐疑地上下打量着对方，然而轻声地叮嘱：“要是怀孕了可不能喝啊。”<br /> 他养的这些蜂是从山上整箱抓来的。要想养蜂，便要了解蜜蜂的习性，否则，“它们就会集体逃跑”。看到你瞪大眼睛，他又得意地笑了起来。他说他的那些经验都是慢慢积累起来的。他发现，蜜蜂和大多数要冬眠的动物刚好相反——它们在夏天时要休息。“千万不能动，一动就要跑掉。”他说话的语调愈发温柔：“蜂蜜只有40天的寿命啊！”他能一眼就看出谁是蜂王——“它的身体有些发黑”。一群蜂与另一群蜂相遇后，其中的一只蜂王一定会被咬死。<br /> He would keep a little &quot;sugar&quot; for himself, which was in a plastic bottle of Sprite. When he unscrewed the cap, the golden flowing liquid slowly blended with the black tea, making the latter sweet and mellow. At that moment, he smacked his lips,100 percent satisfied inside. He stared at you. &quot;Drink! Drink!&quot; So, you picked up the plastic cup. The honey -- or &quot;sugar&quot; -- he made was so paltry that the sweetness could only be tasted on the tip of the tongue,which loomed like a glimmer of light outside a hole. When guests came to buy his “candy”, he never raised the price at random------ his candy was his daughters, so he hoped they would marry into good families. Seeing a female customer, he looked her up and down suspiciously, and then told her in a low voice, &quot;You can't drink it if you're pregnant.&quot; <br /> <br /> The bees he was keeping were taken from the mountain hive by hive. If you want to keep bees, you need to understand their habits. Otherwise, &quot;they will flee en masse.&quot; He smirked again when he saw you wide-eyed. He said his experience was built up a little by little. He found that bees are the opposite of most animals that hibernate ------ they rest during the summer. &quot;Don't move. If you do, they will run away.&quot; &quot;bees own a mere lifespan of 40 days,&quot; he said in an increasingly gentle voice. He could tell at a glance who was the queen - &quot;her body was a little blackened&quot;. When a swarm of bees meets another swarm, one of the queens is doomed to be killed.<br /> <br /> Correction:He would keep a little “sugar” for himself, which was in a plastic bottle of Sprite. When he unscrewed the cap, the golden flowing liquid slowly blended with the black tea, making the latter sweet and mellow. At that moment, he smacked his lips, 100 percent satisfied inside. He stared at you, “Drink it! Drink it!” So, you picked up the plastic cup. The honey -- or “sugar” – which was made by him was so mild that the sweetness could only be tasted on the tip of the tongue, which loomed like a glimmer of light outside a hole. When guests came to buy his “candy”, he never raised the price at random -- his “candy” was his daughters, so he hoped “the girls” would marry into good families. Seeing a female customer, he looked her up and down suspiciously, and then told her in a low voice, “You can't drink it if you're pregnant.” <br /> The bees he was keeping were taken from the mountain hive by hive. “If you want to keep bees, you need to understand their habits. Otherwise, ‘they will flee en masse.’ ” He smirked again when he saw you wide-eyed. He said his experience was built up little by little. He found that bees are the opposite of most animals that hibernate -- they rest during the summer. “Don't move. If you do, they will run away.” he said in an increasingly gentle voice, “Bees own a lifespan of mere 40 days!” He could tell the queen bee at a glance -- “her body was a little black”. When a swarm of bees meets another swarm, one of the queens is doomed to be killed.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 有的木箱上压着泡沫塑料，有的则压着红砖块，有的则盖着块毛巾——是因为蜜蜂不喜欢亮光？当他打开蜂箱时，那双粗黑的双手似乎充满了柔情。他小心翼翼地抽出一块隔板给你看——蜂巢是一排排有着黄色圆孔的小洞，但都被蜜蜂覆盖着。那些蜜蜂黑黄夹杂，一个叠一个，轻轻地蠕动着全身，发出嗡嗡嗡的低音。在你看来，那场面着实骇人——你终于明白“密集恐惧症”患者到底在害怕什么。那场景就像你从50层高楼俯瞰十字路口，底下全是黑压压蠕动的人体。而你自己总是控制不住，想要从栏杆上飞身而下。<br /> 另一个场景更让你惊诧——陆飞庭双手端着隔板，低头凝视那些蠕动的小家伙时，瘦削的面庞上浮现出一个饱满的笑容。他像父亲抱着自己的头生子，满眼都是疼爱。这疼爱根本无须多言，只要看一眼便能知晓。终于，顺着他的目光，你发现了另一个世界——蜜蜂虽然挨挨挤挤，但透过缝隙，你能看到下面是一个璀璨的黄金世界。<br /> <br /> Some wooden boxes were covered with Styrofoam, some with red bricks, some with towels -- was it because bees didn't like bright light? As he opened the hives, his rough swarthy hands seemed full of tender. He carefully pulled out a partition to show you -- the hives consisted of rows of tiny holes with round yellow apertures, but all covered with bees. The bees were yellow and black, one on top of the other, gently wriggling their whole bodies, humming in a low voice. You might think it was a terrifying sight -- you finally knew what trypophobia sufferers were afraid of. It was like you being on a 50-story building overlooking an intersection, where there was a dense wriggling crowd. You always couldn’t help but wanted to jump over the railing. The other scene was more surprising – when Lu Feiting gazed down at the wriggling little ones, holding the partition with both hands, a wide smile spread across his thin face. He was like a father holding his firstborn and his eyes were full of love. Needless to say, this love could be seen at only one glance. Following his gaze, you finally discovered another world -- the bees were squeezed together, but through the cracks, you could see a bright world of gold below.<br /> <br /> Some wooden boxes were covered with Styrofoam, some with red bricks, and some with towels -- was it because bees didn't like bright light? As he opened the hives, his rough swarthy hands seemed full of tender. He carefully pulled out a partition to show you -- the hives consisted of rows of tiny holes with round yellow apertures, but all covered with bees. The bees were yellow and black, one on top of the other, gently wriggling their whole bodies, humming in a low voice. You might reckon that it was a terrifying sight -- you finally knew what trypophobia sufferers were afraid of. It was like you being on a 50-story building overlooking an intersection, where there was a dense wriggling crowd. You always couldn’t help but wanted to jump over the railing. The other scene was more surprising – when Lu Feiting gazed down at the wriggling little ones, holding the partition with both hands, a wide smile spread across his thin face. He was like a father holding his firstborn and his eyes were full of love. Needless to say, this love could be seen at only one glance. Following his gaze, you finally discovered another world -- the bees were squeezed together, but through the cracks, you could see a bright world of gold below.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====<br /> <br /> 所有的蜜蜂都将脑袋对着那些孔洞，用嘴和脚不停地工作着。它们的翅膀在阳光下，像一个微型小雨衣，包裹着黑黄相间的肉身。它们的脑袋发黑，像戴了个小头盔。那头盔是特制的，刚好与底部黄色孔洞匹配。于是，一个黄洞里埋着一个黑头盔，而那些洞是一个挨着一个的，密麻麻连成一大片。<br /> 如果蜜蜂想飞走也是可以的——每个木箱的底部都有一个洞，虽然被一块铁丝网给堵住了，但那窟窿还是能让蜜蜂钻出来的。有那么三四只蜂在窟窿处嗡嗡嗡地飞着，但很快，它们又钻了进去。你惊诧蜜蜂为什么又回去了？可陆飞庭却一点都不吃惊。他这样解释：“那里是它们的家啊！它们是要回家的！” 当老人说出“家”这个字时，那样得庄重。突然，你对自己的无知感到羞愧。唉！你不懂蜜蜂，更不懂蜜蜂对家的感情。在你的知识谱系里，总来都不认为知道蜜蜂的家是件重要的事。<br /> <br /> All of bees put their heads to those holes and keep working with mouths and feet. Under the sunshine, their wings look like miniature raincoats, warping their black-and-yellow body. Their heads are black, just like wearing a small helmet which is special-made and matches with those yellow holes on the bottom. Hence, a yellow hole buries a black helmet. Those holes are one next to another, connecting densely and covering a large space. If some of them want to fly out, that will be ok—there is a hole on the bottom of each wooden box. Though the holes are blocked by a piece of wire, bees also are able to come out from smaller holes of the wire. Three or four of them buzz and fly around the smaller hole, but soon they get into it again. You wonder why they go back again, while Lu Feiting is calm for that. He explains that “That is their home! They need to go home!” When elders say the word- “home”, we must show our respect. Suddenly, you feel shame at your ignorance. Alas! You know nothing about the bees, even the feeling of bees to home. In your knowledge spectrum, knowing bee’s home never considered an important thing.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> All of bees put their heads to those holes and keep working with mouths and feet. Under the sunshine, their wings look like miniature raincoats, warping their black-and-yellow body. Their heads are black, as if wearing a small helmet which is special-made and matches with those yellow holes on the bottom. Hence, a yellow hole buries a black helmet. Those holes are one next to another, connecting densely and covering a large space. If some of them want to fly out, which is possible—for there is a hole on the bottom of each wooden box, though blocked by a piece of wire, bees are able to fly out. Three or four of them buzz and fly around the smaller hole, but soon they get into it again. You wonder why they go back again, while Lu Feiting is calm for that. He explains that “That is their home! They need to go home!” When elders say the word- “home”, we must show our respect. Suddenly, you feel shame for your ignorance. Alas! You know nothing about the bees, let alone the feeling of bees to its home. In your knowledge spectrum, bee’s home is never considered as an important thing.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 他将木板竖起来之后，奇迹发生了——所有的蜜蜂都牢牢地攀附着巢穴，并没有让它们的队伍发生一丝一毫的改变。之后，最令人惊骇的一幕出现了——当他将隔板放回蜂箱时，你看到箱子内部还有三四块相似的隔板，每一块隔板的正反两面，都密麻麻地攀附着一大堆蜜蜂。一层毛茸茸之后是另一个层，层层相连。最终，他稳稳当当地将板子卡在箱子上后，那些蜜蜂便都隐入暗处，像是回到了深夜。他将塑料薄膜轻轻遮住木箱的顶部，又拿起一块装着细纱的框子扣在塑料布上，最后再盖上木板和毛巾。<br /> 他是在养蜂中重新认识了自己的——起初，他认为自己是个瘦小而虚弱的男人，又没有太多的钱，简直像山路上的树叶般随处可见。后来，他发现自己能和蜜蜂互动——他比别人更能察觉那些小家伙的心思。一旦它们想从休息状态置换给活动状态，只需扑棱一下翅膀，他便会接收到信息。他由此而得意起来——他觉得那些蜜蜂很听从他的指挥，由此，他便成为了蜜蜂的统治者。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> After he erected the plank, a miracle happened -- all the bees clung tightly to the nest without changing their ranks at all. And then the most shocking thing happens -- when he puts the plank back in the hive, you can see three or four more similar partitions inside, each with a swarm of bees clinging to its front and back. One furry layer is followed by another, and the layers are connected. At last, when he had stuck the plank firmly against the box, the bees disappeared into the dark, as if hiding into the night. He gently covered the top of the box with plastic film. He took a frame of muslin and fastened it to the plastic sheet. Finally, he covered it with wood and a towel. It was when he raising bees did he rediscovered himself -- at first he saw himself as a small, weak man without much money, who could be seen like leaves everywhere on a mountain road. Later, he found that he could interact with bees -- he could read the minds of the little bees better than anyone else. If they want to switch from resting state to active state, all they have to do is flap their wings , then he could receive the message. He was proud of it -- he felt that the bees obeyed him, and he became their ruler.<br /> <br /> After he erected the plank, a miracle happened -- all the bees clung tightly to the nest without changing their ranks at all. And even more shockingly-- when he puts the plank back in the hive, you can see three or four more similar partitions inside, each with a swarm of bees clinging to its front and back. One furry layer is followed by another, and the layers are connected. At last, when he had stuck the plank firmly against the box, the bees disappeared into the dark, as if hiding into the night. He gently covered the top of the box with plastic film, then taking a frame of muslin and fastened it to the plastic sheet and covering it with wood and a towel. While he was raising bees, he grew to rediscover himself. At first, he saw himself as a small and weak man without much money, as common as the leaves on mountain roada. Later, he found that he could interact with bees -- he could read the minds of the little bees better than anyone else. If they want to switch from resting state to active state, all they have to do is flaping their wings, then he could receive their message. He was proud of it -- he felt that those bees were so obedient to him, and he became their ruler.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing====<br /> <br /> 他长时间地盯着被咬死的蜂王看。在经历了一场血腥的搏斗后，蜂王的灵魂离开了它的肉体，让那个拥有翅膀的小飞机不再飞翔，而变成了一具没有温度的模型。别人看不见蜂王的灵魂，而他却能看见。他知道那个小影子一直围绕着自己的肉身不断地旋转，最终，那影子像雾一样飞走了。作为蜜蜂的统治者，他却无力阻止蜂王的争夺战。虽然他已非常了解那个拥挤的小世界，但有时，他依旧会感到茫然和惆怅。他从那个世界里体会到了顽强，也从那个世界里体会到了悲凉。<br /> 这么多年一个人过，他不是没想过娶老婆，可是——“想过想不到啊”。他说自己“人丑、家穷、没人要……”年轻时，他家里的生活实在是太穷了。他家有五兄妹，他排行老四。吃饭时，一桌子挤着十几个人，一个月最多只能吃到一次肉。他说自己人穷气短，所以，“根本不敢看女人”。<br /> He stared at the dead queen bee for a long time. After a bloody struggle, the soul of the queen bee had left its flesh. That “winged little plane” was unable to flying any more, turning into a warmless model. Others could not see the soul of the queen bee, but he could. He knew that little shadow was kept swirling around its flesh, and eventually, the shadow dispersed like a mist. As the ruler of the bees, he was powerless to stop the battle for the queen bee. Although he had known that small, crowded world very well, at times he still felt bewildered and despondent. He had experienced tenacity from that world and sadness from that world. It's not that he hadn't thought about getting a wife after all these years of living alone, but it was too hard for him, even impossible to get one. He said he was so ugly and poor that no one wanted to marry him. When he was young, his family was too poor. There were five siblings in his family, and he was the fourth child. At meal times, the table was packed with a dozen people, and he could only eat meat once a month at most. He said that he was so poor, feeling too inferior that he even didn't dare to look at women at all.<br /> <br /> ==== 鲁思 Lu Si====<br /> <br /> 每当有女人看他，他都会感觉身上穿了件不合适的衣服，不敢深呼吸。他的局促是那样得强烈，以致把看他的女人都给吓跑了。<br /> <br /> Whenever a woman looks at him, he feels like he's wearing an inappropriate dress and can't breathe. He was so constricted that he scared away the women who looked at him.<br /> <br /> Whenever a woman looked at him, he felt like he's wearing an inappropriate dress and couldn't breathe. He was so flustered that scared away the women who looked at him.<br /> <br /> 在他40岁时，来了个外地的女人。短暂地交往了一段时间后，那女人还是离开了小村。到50岁后，他渐渐绝了想找女人的念头。<br /> <br /> When he was 40 years old, a woman from out of town came. After a short relationship, the woman still left the village. By the age of 50, he gradually did not want to get married.<br /> <br /> When he was 40 years old, a woman from out of town came. After a short relationship, the woman left the village in the end. By the age of 50, he gradually did not want to get married.<br /> <br /> 夕阳笼罩下的连樟村，有着童话般的迷人气质——稻田从金黄色转为铁锈红，碧绿的番薯叶变成了墨绿色，红砖房和它的影子逐渐融为了一体。清新的空气像一缕纱布，而在那一声或两声的狗叫里，又混合着鸟儿的叽叽喳喳。<br /> <br /> The village of Lianzhang under the sunset has a fairy-tale scenery - the rice fields turn from golden yellow to rusty red, the turquoise fava leaves turn dark green, and the red brick houses and its shadows gradually melt into one. The fresh air is like a piece of gauze, mixed with bird calls amidst the barking of dogs.<br /> <br /> The village of Lianzhang under the sunset has a fairy-tale scenery - the rice fields turn from golden yellow to rusty red, the turquoise fava leaves turn from vivid green to dark green, and the red brick houses and its shadows gradually melt into one. The fresh air is like a piece of gauze, mixed with bird calls amidst the barking of dogs.<br /> <br /> 陆飞庭走在田埂边，腰板挺得笔直。这里是他出生的地方，也是他生活了一辈子的地方。他是个如此平凡而简单的人，但却又如此得真诚和质朴。他将自己全部的柔情都献给了这片土地，而他也收获了独属于自己的那一份“糖”。<br /> <br /> Lu Feiting walked straight by the ridge where he was born and where he had lived all his life. He is a very ordinary,sincere and simple man. He has dedicated his life to the land, and at the same time, he has gained a share of &quot;sugar&quot; that belongs to him.<br /> <br /> Lu Feiting walked straight by the ridge where he was born and where he had lived all his life. He was so ordinary and simple, and so sincere and plain. He has dedicated his life to the land, and at the same time, he has gained a share of &quot;sugar&quot; that belongs to him.<br /> <br /> ==== 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====<br /> <br /> 天河客运站<br /> <br /> Tianhe Passenger Station<br /> <br /> Tianhe Passenger Station<br /> <br /> 只需要一个多小时，大巴车就从连江口镇到达了广州天河客运站。从早上7点开始，到下午的6点40分，每隔两小时左右，都有一趟从镇里发往广州的班车，票价为50元。<br /> <br /> It only took more than an hour for the bus to arrive at Guangzhou Tianhe Passenger Station from Lianjiangkou Town. From 7 a.m. to 6:40 p.m., every two hours or so, there is a shuttle bus from the town to Guangzhou. The fare is 50 yuan.<br /> <br /> It only took more than an hour for the bus to arrive at Guangzhou Tianhe Passenger Station from Lianjiangkou Town. From 7 a.m. to 6:40 p.m., there is a shuttle bus from the town to Guangzhou every two hours. The fare is 50 yuan.<br /> <br /> 大巴车司机把着方向盘，一路都在飞奔，像一个溜冰运动员在表演。大巴车不断地超车、超车、再超车。一眨眼，它已将大货车、小汽车等都甩得远远的。<br /> <br /> The bus driver drove the bus quickly, like an ice skater. The bus overtook constantly. In the twinkling of an eye, it had left the big trucks and cars far away.<br /> <br /> The bus driver took the steering wheel and drove the bus quickly, like an ice skater. The bus overtook constantly. In the twinkling of an eye, it had left the big trucks and cars far away.<br /> <br /> 从大巴车上下来，你感觉眼前一阵眩晕——车站里不仅人多楼高，而且到处都是喧嚣声，令你万分不适。你来到侧旁的天河新天地，发现里面的很多铺位都空着。在楼顶的电影院，《少年的你》票价为70元。<br /> <br /> When you got off the bus, you felt dizzy - the tall station was not only full of people, but also full of noise, which made you extremely uncomfortable. In the movie theater on the top of the building, the ticket price of &lt;Better Days&gt; was 70 yuan.<br /> <br /> When you got off the bus, you felt dizzy -- the station is not only tall and full of people, but also full of noise, which made you extremely uncomfortable. When you went to the nearby Tianhe Xintiandi, you found that many of the bunks inside are empty. At the cinema on the top of the building, the ticket price of &lt;Better Days&gt; was 70 yuan.<br /> <br /> 你坐在楼下的麦当劳，发现周边的年轻人，大多穿着白色T恤衫、黑色九分裤，白色运动鞋。无论是吃炸鸡腿，还是喝可乐，或者品麦旋风，他们都是边吃边看手机。<br /> <br /> You sat at downstairs McDonald and found that most of the young people around were wearing white T-shirts, black capris and white sneakers. While they were eating fried chicken legs, drinking cola, or tasting McFlurry, they all checked their mobile phones.<br /> <br /> You sat downstairs in the McDonald's and noticed the young people around you, mostly wearing white T-shirts, black ankle pants and white sneakers. Whether they were eating fried chicken legs, drinking cola, or tasting McFlurry, they were all eating and checking their mobile phones.<br /> <br /> 每个人的心思都不在吃上，而是在看上。手机里好像有个大漩涡，能将所有的目光都吸纳到它的中心去。<br /> <br /> Everyone was not concentrating on eating, but on their phones. There seemed to be a big whirlpool in the mobile phone, which could attract all eyes to its center.<br /> <br /> Everyone was not concentrating on eating, but on their phones. There seemed to be a big whirlpool in the mobile phone, which could attract all eyes to its center.<br /> <br /> 你坐在窗边的位置，能看到玻璃外走过的那些女孩。当你看到一件白色纱裙飘过时，心里想的是，这种款式的裙子在连樟村从未见到。<br /> <br /> You could see the girls passing through the window when you sat by the window. When you saw a white gauze skirt floating past, you thought that this style of skirt had never been seen in Lianzhang Village.<br /> <br /> You could see the girls passing through the window when you sat by the window. When you saw a white gauze skirt floating past, you thought that this style of skirt had never been seen in Lianzhang Village.<br /> <br /> ==== 马明宇 Ma Mingyu====<br /> <br /> 其实你知道，天河客运站已显得非常陈旧——灰色的外墙吊挂着褐色雨痕，遮阳棚上的蓝色帆布被晒得发白，而商场里的电影院和快餐店里的炸鸡不过是城市生活的标配。但是，当你设想自己若是一个刚刚离开连樟村的年轻人时——譬如邓春活的女儿，或者林金娣的外孙女——他们会不会觉得眼前的一切都充满魔力？他们会不会觉得欢唱在耳畔的音乐如此动听，晃悠在眼前的色彩如此绚丽，河流般起伏的人群如此浩荡？这就是城市。这里到处都走动着年轻人，到处都是工作机会，到处都是意外和奇遇。<br /> <br /> In fact, you know, the Tianhe passenger depot already looks very old -- Brown rain-prints hang on the gray exterior wall, the blue canvas on the awnings is sun-bleached, and the movie theaters in the mall and the fried chicken in the fast food restaurants are just the standard configuration of city life. But when you imagine yourself as a young person who has just left Lianzhang Village -- Deng Chunhuo's daughter, or Lin Jindi's granddaughter -- do they find everything in front of them magical? Would they feel the music singing in their ears so beautiful, the colors shaking in front of their eyes so gorgeous, the crowd that looks like a river so vast? This is the city. There are young people everywhere, jobs everywhere, surprises and chances everywhere.<br /> <br /> 然而，连樟村还是连樟村——那个位于大山深处的小村子。它是世界上最安静的一个地方。它由亲人、大山、树木、小溪、月光和蝴蝶构成。在村子里，每一个物体都深深地感激着另一个物体，因为没有任何一个物体可以单独存在。世界在彼此相连中越来越浑圆，越来越美好。<br /> <br /> However, Lianzhang Village is still Lianzhang Village, a small village deep in the mountains. It's one of the quietest places in the world. It is made up of relatives, mountains, trees, streams, moonlight and butterflies. In the village, each thing is deeply grateful to the other, because no one thing can exist alone. Connected with each other, the world is becoming more round and more beautiful.<br /> <br /> == Part 22 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 彭琦 Peng Qi====<br /> <br /> 第二章 斜周村的日日夜夜<br /> <br /> Chapter 2 - Days and Nights in the Village of Xie Zhou<br /> <br /> 奇怪——暴雨如注！这是2019年6月12日的夜晚。真是奇怪得很——那雨从半空泼辣辣坠落，变成了小箭簇，射中了广袤的田野，也射中了挤挤挨挨的屋顶，还射中了一条条蜿蜒的道路。那像黄河般的液体，肆无忌惮地倾泻而下，像根本没有闸门阻拦。雨刮器在眼前迅猛地摇摆，一会儿朝左，一会儿朝右，可前方的道路依旧朦胧难辨。暴雨让浮土化为泥浆，融为稀粥，又黏又滑地粘住车轮。坐在车里的男子名叫漆云良，是个身量适中，体型清瘦，面容秀气的中年男子。现在，他浑身发烫，双腿发麻，眼睛瞪得如铜铃，整颗心都悬在嗓子眼里。<br /> 唉！在粤北的乡村公路上深夜奔袭……在暴雨中命悬一线无处求援……在暗夜里寻不到一条顺畅的道路……这种时空感完全被打乱的生活，和他此前那朝九晚五的日子可谓大相径庭。那时，他穿着白大褂坐在办公桌前，伸手号脉的同时，认真地观察患者的脸色，再和颜悦色地询问病情。他好像电视剧男主角自带光环，总能让患者敞开心扉，吐露心声。<br /> <br /> <br /> Strange! It was pouring! It was the night of June 12, 2019. It was weird as hell - the rain splashing down from mid-air that turned into little clusters of arrows struck the vast fields, the huddled rooftops, and a winding road. The rain, like the yellow river, poured down with impunity, like there were no gates to stop it. The windscreen wipers swung swiftly, one moment to the left, the next to the right, but the road ahead remained hazy and indistinct. The rain had turned the floating soil into mud, melting it into a thin, sticky and slippery porridge that clung to the wheels. The man in the car, Qi Yunliang, is a middle-aged man of medium height, lean and with a pretty face. Now his body was burning, his legs were numb, his eyes were as wide as copper bells and his heart was hanging in his throat. Alas! He is running late at night on a rural road in northern Guangdong, in a rainstorm with no one and nowhere to turn for help and in the dark night unable to find a smooth road. His sense of time and space is completely disrupted, which is a far cry from his previous regular life routine. At that time, he was sitting at his desk in a white coat, reaching out to take a pulse while carefully observing the patient's face and then asking about his condition in a pleasant manner. It was as if he was a leading man in a TV drama, always able to get patients to open up and reveal their hearts.<br /> <br /> ==== 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====<br /> <br /> 在这样的暴雨之夜，他因何被困？原来这一天，他到韶关市仁化县有公务。可是，等他准备返回扶溪镇时才发现，通往镇里的两条交通要道都被临时封堵。于是，他决定从白石岭绕道到镇里。然而，偏偏天公不作美！在离镇区还差三四公里的地方，他被迫停下了车——原来，路上有辆大货车，已经侧翻着横在路中。下车后，他发现那货车是甘肃牌照的。虽然货车司机并无大碍，且已报了警等待援救，但路却被封住了，无法前行。他只能掉头往锦江河边246省道行走。这时候，雨变得更加磅礴，简直像水龙头在浇灌。一路上，他忍受着道路的颠簸，瞪大眼睛凝视窗外，生怕有一丝闪失。在他的脑海里，突然凸显出“天苍苍，野茫茫”的诗句。他前半生所有的经验，都是用来处理疾病的，而现在，他却像个小学生，要努力解答当下的这个簇新问题。他祈求上苍让雨量变得小一些，让他能尽快回到镇里，走进村里的那间老屋。<br /> <br /> In such a stormy night, why would he be trapped? It turned out that on this day, he came to Shaoguan City Renhua County because of his official duties. However, when he was ready to return to Fuxi Town, he realized that the two major traffic roads leading to the town were temporarily blocked. So, he decided to take a detour from Baishi Ling to the town. He was forced to stop three or four kilometers from the town - it turns out that a large truck on the road has been turned on its side across the road. After getting out of the car, he found the truck's license plate from Gansu. Although the truck driver was not seriously injured, and has reported to the police waiting for help, but the road was blocked, unable to move forward. He could only turn around and walk towards the Jinjiang River on Provincial Road 246. At this time, the rain became more majestic, like a pouring water tap. Along the way, he endured the bumps of the road, staring out the window with wide eyes, afraid of a flash. In his mind, the poem &quot;The sky is pale, the wilderness is vast&quot; suddenly came to the forefront. All his experience in the first half of his life had been spent on dealing with diseases, and now, like a schoolboy, he was trying to answer the current question. He prayed to God to make the rain less heavy, so that he could return to the town as soon as possible and go into the old house in the village.<br /> <br /> Why would he be trapped in such a stormy night? Because on that day he came to Shaoguan City for official duties. However when he about to return to Fuxi Town he realized the two major traffic road leading to the town were both blocked temporarily.So he decided to take a detour from Baishi Ling. However things turned even worse then. He was forced to stop again when he was three or four kilometers away from the town. There was a large truck overturned in the middle of the road.Got off the car, he found the truck has Gansu license plate. Although the driver was not injured seriously and the police had been called, the road was still blocked that he couldn’t go ahead. He could only turn around and drive toward the Jinjiang River on Provincial Road 246.At that time, the rain became more majestic, just like water tap kept pouring. Staring out the window with wide eyes, he endured the bumpy road along the way, fearing any fail. There was suddenly a poem appeared in his mind “ the pale sky, the vast wilderness.”All the experience in the first half of his life were used for dealing with diseases. While now he just like a schoolboy, trying to answer the current issues. He prayed the God could make the rain become less heavy, that he could return to the town as soon as possible, and then went into the old house in the village.<br /> <br /> ==== 覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====<br /> <br /> 然而，老天偏偏和他作对！在行驶了40分钟后，车子再次戛然停住——此地距离镇区仅差8公里。然而，省道出现了山体滑坡——有一大堆泥土横亘在道路中间。他下车后查看了情况，打了报警电话后，眉头紧锁。现在，这里前不沾村，后不着店，而从浓墨般的天空飘荡下的雨滴，丝毫不见有停歇迹象。漆云良感觉浑身的骨架都要裂开，整个人要瘫软在椅子上。虽然他的年龄已到了知天命时，但他的头发一直乌黑发亮，总感觉身上有用不完的劲。然而这一瞬刻，他有些泄气。如此颠簸和折腾，让他的胃像被一只大手抓挠，一阵阵地发潮犯呕。他皱着眉头思忖：两次道路被断……暗黑的夜空依旧泼洒大雨……难道，这是老天故意跟他作对，要出道试卷考他的耐心和毅力？而现在，天地像被按了暂停键，让所有的道路都莫名堵死。怎么办？往前走是不可能的，可往后退到县城，万一再遇到新的滑坡怎么办？他的太阳穴一阵阵发紧，翻腾的脑浆拍击着脑壳，感觉一阵阵疼痛。最终，他铤而走险地做出选择：“回县城！”<br /> <br /> However, God intended to against him deliberately. The car came to a screeching halt again after 40 minutes of driving, where just 8 kilometers far from the town. There was a landslide on the provincial road that caused a large pile of mud in the middle.Frowned tightly, he got off the car to check the situation and call the police. There was no village or town around, while the rain floating down from the thick ink sky had no sigh of stopping.Qi Yunliang felt his skeleton was about to crack, he slumped in the chair. Although he was old enough, his hair was still dark and bright, and he always felt there was an inexhaustible energy in his body. But at this moment, he was a bit discouraged.His stomach flushed with vomiting after having driven such a bumpy road, just like there had a hand keep scratching it. He frowned and thought that it was God against him for the road that had been blocked twice and the rain kept dropping at night. Is that God intended to test his patience and perseverance with a paper?And at present, the world was suspended with a button that all the roads were blocked inexplicably. What to do now? It’s impossible to go ahead, but if I encounter a new landslide on the road turning back, how to do at that time? He felt that solar plexus tightened for a while and the churning brains slapped against his skull, making a surge of pain continuously. Finally, he made a choice desperately: back to the county!<br /> <br /> correction:<br /> However, God intended to against him deliberately. The car came to a screeching halt again after 40 minutes of driving – it was just 8 kilometers far from the town. There was a landslide on the provincial road that caused a large pile of mud in the middle. Frowned tightly, he got off the car to check the situation and call the police. There was no village or town around, while the rain floating down from the thick ink-like sky showed no sigh of stopping. Qi Yunliang felt his skeleton was about to crack, he slumped in the chair. Although he was old enough, his hair was still dark and bright, and he always felt there was an inexhaustible energy in his body. But at this moment, he was a bit discouraged. His stomach flushed with vomiting after having driven such a bumpy road, just like there had a hand keep scratching it. He frowned and thought that it was God against him for the road that had been blocked twice and the rain kept dropping at night. Is that God intended to test his patience and perseverance with a paper? And at present, the world was suspended with a button that all the roads were blocked inexplicably. What to do now? It’s impossible to go ahead, but if I encounter a new landslide on the road turning back, how to do at that time? He felt that solar plexus tightened for a while and the churning brains slapped against his skull, making a surge of pain continuously. Finally, he made a choice desperately: back to the county!<br /> <br /> ==== 卿子晔 Qing Ziye====<br /> <br /> 于是，车轮在泥泞中再次旋转起来，嗤啦嗤啦地溅起泥浆；于是，车内人的呼吸也再次变得紧张急促；于是，雨刮器再次迅猛地摇摆，一会儿朝左，一会儿朝右。坚持！坚持！再坚持！漆云良暗中为自己打气，决不能松懈！决不能放弃！决不能溃散！就这样煎熬着，直至深夜12点半。等远处的一片灯火映入眼帘时，他紧绷的身体才软了下来：县城到了！等找到家宾馆躺在床上时，他简直像破了壳的大虾般酥软，直接颓塌成一堆肉泥。如此高强度的生死考验，他终于通过了！迷迷糊糊地闭上眼睛后，他听到有人在耳畔呼喊——“漆书记”；可另一些人又在唤他——“漆医生”。唉！是从什么时候开始，他从“漆医生”变成“漆书记”的？左思右想，他找到了那个“改变日”—— 2019年5月13日。<br /> <br /> All things happened again. The wheels spun, splashing the mud. The people in the car became too nervous to breathe. The wiper swayed rapidly to the left and the right. Hold on! Hold on! Hold on! Qi Yunliang cheered himself up in mind: Don’t give up! Never give up! Never, ever! It went on like this until 12:30 at night. Seeing a light in distant, his taut body softened: He knew he arrived the county! After he found a hotel and he laid on the bed, he was as soft as a shrimp without a shell – his body was powerless like a pile of mud of meat. With such a tough text of life and death, he finally passed! Closing his eyes vaguely, he seemed hearing someone shouting at him “secretary Qi” and others calling him “doctor Qi”. Alas! Since when did he change from “secretary Qi” to “doctor Qi”? After thinking about it, he figured the “Changing Day”-May 13, 2019.<br /> <br /> == Part 23 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 仇绪 Qiu Xu====<br /> <br /> 第一个粤北乡村的夜晚<br /> <br /> 那一日于别人，是极普通的一日；可对漆云良来说，却是他的“转折日”——他是在这一日来到斜周村的。那天上午，他从东莞市凤岗镇出发，驱车4小时赶到韶关市仁化县。在县人民政府参加的会，是他平生第一次参加的有关扶贫内容的会。在这个关于广东省扶贫政策的视频会议中，他听到了各种陌生的新名词、新条款、新政策。他一边在笔记本上做着记录，一边像收音机转换频道般，将自己的思维从医学术语的世界里挪移开。虽然在这天之前，他是名医生，在东莞市凤岗镇社区卫生服务中心副主任的位置上供职，然而现在，他已是扶溪镇斜周村的第一书记兼扶贫队长。<br /> <br /> It was a first night in the countryside at Northern Guangdong Province. For the normal people, it was merely a normal day, but for Qi Yunliang, it was his “tipping day”, because it was his first day here in Xie Zhou Village. In the forenoon of that day, he set forth from Fenggang Town, Dongguan City, and took four hours to arrive at Renhua County, Shaoguan City. The conference held in Renhua Local Government was the first conference of poverty reduction he ever engaged in. In this video conference on Guangdong Province's poverty alleviation policies, he heard all kinds of unfamiliar new terms, new terms, and new policies. While taking notes in his notebook, he diverted his mind from the world of medical terminology like a radio switching channel. Although before this day, he was a doctor, working as the deputy director of the community health service center in Fenggang Town, Dongguan City, he is now the first secretary and poverty alleviation captain of Xiezhou Village in Fuxi Town.<br /> <br /> It was his first night in the countryside at Northern Guangdong Province. For the ordinary people, it was merely a normal day, but for Qi Yunliang, it was his “tipping day”, because it was his first day here in Xie Zhou Village. In the forenoon of that day, he set forth from Fenggang Town, Dongguan City, and took four hours to arrive at Renhua County, Shaoguan City. The conference held in Renhua Local Government was the first conference of poverty reduction he ever engaged in. From this video conference on Guangdong Province's poverty alleviation policies, he heard all kinds of unfamiliar new expressions, new terms, and new policies. While taking notes in his notebook, he diverted his mind from the world of medical terminologies like a radio switching channel. Although before this day, he was a doctor, working as the deputy director of the community health service center in Fenggang Town, Dongguan City, while now he is the first secretary and poverty alleviation captain of Xiezhou Village in Fuxi Town.<br /> <br /> ==== 全永慧 Quan Yonghui====<br /> <br /> 漆云良记得很清楚——他简直一辈子都不会忘记——傍晚时分，当他来到斜周村时，被眼前的景象震住了。这是一个粤北版本的世外桃源——山林夹杂着田野，屋舍伴随着橘林，袅袅的炊烟云雾般缭绕半空。虽然美丽和富饶总是相连在一起，然而这个小村，虽然“美丽”，但却并不“富饶”。斜周村是广东省的省定贫困村。在全村256户的1000多人口中，有41户是贫困户，共172人。现在，当漆云良穿行过小村的乡间小路时，内心起伏跌宕——从这一日起，自己的生命便与这片土地紧密相连了起来。<br /> 事实上，像漆云良这样，从不同的工作岗位奔赴到贫困村去的人，并不是少数。自2016年以来，东莞市便承担起韶关和揭阳两市的扶贫任务。这两个城市内共有13个县（市、区）的323个相对贫困村需要帮扶。在这些村里，共有15929户相对贫困户，51840人相对贫困人口。为此，东莞市安排了32个镇街、31个市直单位、9个市属企业承担对口帮扶任务。到2019年，东莞市共累计落实扶贫资金18.49亿元。<br /> <br /> Qi Yunliang remembered the scene very well—it would be engraved on his memory forever—when arriving at Xiezhou Village in the evening, he was quite shocked by the scenery in front of him. This village was just a peach blossom land of northern Guangdong - forests mingling with fields, houses nestling amidst the orange trees, and smoke curling up to the sky. Although beauty and abundance are always linked together, however, this small village is an exception, “beautiful” but not “abundant”. It is a provincial poor village in Guangdong Province. Of over 1,000 people in 256 households in this village, 41 households with a total of 172 people are impoverished. When walking through a country path, he can’t calm his mood- from this day on, his life has been closely connected to the fate of this village.<br /> In fact, people like Qi Yunliang who go to poor villages from all walks of life are not rare. Since 2016, Dongguan City has undertaken anti-poverty tasks for Shaoguan City and Jieyang City. A total of 323 relatively poor villages in 13 counties (cities and districts) in the two cities are in need of help. In these villages, there are 15929 relatively poor households and 51840 relatively impoverished people. To this end, Dongguan City has set counterpart cooperation tasks for 32 town streets, 31 departments directly under city government and 9 municipal enterprises. By 2019, Dongguan City has invested an accumulative total of 1.849 billion yuan in poverty alleviation.<br /> <br /> ==== 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====<br /> <br /> 在这3年里，东莞市分两批共派出780多名扶贫干部参与两市的脱贫攻坚任务；同时，自2016年以来，东莞市按照国家东西部扶贫协作工作的安排，对口帮扶云南省昭通市的6个贫困县区。到2019年，东莞市已累计向昭通市投入财政援助资金11.38亿元，带动贫困人口191223人次，帮扶协作项目受惠覆盖人口超过80万人。经过3年多的努力，昭通市剩余贫困人口由2015年末的111万余人，下降至2019年末的18万人左右，贫<br /> <br /> In the three years, Dongguan City has sent more than 780 cadres in two batches to engage in the task of poverty alleviation in the two cities; at the same time, since 2016, Dongguan City has been providing counterpart assistance for six poor counties or districts in Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province in accordance with the arrangement of the national East-West poverty alleviation collaboration work. By 2019, Dongguan City has invested a total of 1.138 billion yuan in financial assistance to Zhaotong City, delivering benefits to 191,223 poverty-stricken people with assistance collaborative projects benefiting a population of more than 800,000 people. Through more than 3 years of efforts, the remaining poverty-stricken population in Zhaotong City dropped from more than 1.11 million at the end of 2015 to about 180,000 at the end of 2019, and the poverty incidence rate dropped from 21.5% to about 4%; five of the six national poverty-stricken counties in Zhaotong City have been removed from the poverty list.<br /> <br /> In the three years, Dongguan City has sent more than 780 cadres in two batches to relieve poverty in the two cities; at the same time, since 2016, Dongguan City has been providing counterpart assistance for six poor counties or districts in Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province in accordance with the national East-West poverty alleviation collaboration work. By 2019, Dongguan City has invested a total of 1.138 billion yuan in financial assistance to Zhaotong City, delivering benefits to 191,223 poverty-stricken people. A population of more than 800,000 people have been covered by assistance collaborative projects. Through more than 3 years of efforts, the remaining poverty-stricken population in Zhaotong City dropped from more than 1.11 million at the end of 2015 to about 180,000 at the end of 2019, and the poverty incidence rate dropped from 21.5% to about 4%. In addition, five of the six national poverty-stricken counties in Zhaotong City have been removed from the poverty list.<br /> <br /> 困发生率由21.5%下降至4%左右；昭通市6个国家级贫困县中有5个已实现脱贫摘帽。<br /> 在离开东莞前，漆云良曾做了大量的案头工作。通过查阅书籍，他了解到仁化县的历史相当得不平凡——该县位于粤地北部，是广东、湖南和江西三省的交接处。早在公元前207年，南越王赵佗便在这里筑城，筑城处至今仍称为“城口”。斜周村是仁化县扶溪镇的一个普通村落，面积只有28.8平方公里，林地面积约有2.7万亩，其中生态公益林面积1万多亩，耕地面积3000亩。<br /> <br /> Before leaving Dongguan, Qi Yunliang had done a lot of written work. By looking up references, he learned that Renhua County has a rather extraordinary history - the county is located in the northern part of Guangdong, which is the junction of Guangdong, Hunan and Jiangxi. As early as 207 B.C, Zhao Tuo, the emperor of South Yue built a city here, which is still called &quot;Chengkou&quot; today. Xiezhou Village is an ordinary village in Fuxi Town, Renhua County, with an area of only 28.8 square kilometers and a woodland area of about 27,000 mu, including more than 10,000 mu of ecological public welfare forests and 3,000 mu of arable land.<br /> <br /> Before left Dongguan, Qi Yunliang had done a lot of written work. By looking up references, he learned that Renhua County has a rather extraordinary history - the county is located in the northern part of Guangdong Province, which is the junction of Guangdong, Hunan and Jiangxi Province. As early as 207 B.C, Zhao Tuo, the emperor of South Yue built a city here, which is still called &quot;Chengkou&quot; today. Xiezhou Village is an ordinary village in Fuxi Town, Renhua County, with an area of only 28.8 square kilometers and a woodland area of about 27,000 mu, including more than 10,000 mu of ecological public welfare forests and 3,000 mu of arable land.<br /> <br /> ==== 疏珊 Shu Shan====<br /> <br /> 这个村庄具有典型的粤北乡村的特色——小村四周环绕着森林，气候温暖而潮湿，雨水异常丰沛，生态环境保护得十分良好。村里那条彩虹般蜿蜒而过的小河，有个很好听的名字：锦江。在小村内部，分布着四座小型水电站和几处天然的温泉。小村尚处于纯天然状态——无论是在山上或田地，江边或滩头，人们随时都能看到形态各异的飞禽和走兽。村民们掰着指头数着：白鹇、麻鹇、野鸡、猫头鹰、金环蛇、眼镜蛇、银环蛇、竹叶青、野猪、黄猄等动物的身影，都时常出没在村里。小村下辖8个自然村——西坑、黄石坑、小枧坑、船头、大印头、瑶前、上湾、黄溪水——号称“三坑二头瑶水湾”。<br /> <br /> It is a typical northern Guangdong village. Embowered by forests, it has warm and humid climate coupled by abundant rainfall, and a well-protected ecological environment. The colorful river wandering through the village has a nice name: Jin River (Jin: bright and beautiful). Inside the village, there are four small hydroelectric power stations and several natural hot springs. The village is still in a pure and undisturbed state. Be it in the mountains or in the fields, by the river or on the beach，one can always see various birds and animals, including silver pheasants, bittern, pheasants, owls, golden-ringed snakes, cobras, silver-ringed snakes, trimeresurus, boars, and muntiacus muntjak. It has 8 subvillages: Xikeng, Huangshikeng, Xiaosankeng, Funtou, Dayintou, Yaoqian, Shangwan and Huangxishui.<br /> <br /> The village with typical northern Guangdong features is embowered by forests. It has warm and humid climate coupled by abundant rainfall, and a well-protected ecological environment. The colorful river wandering through the village has a nice name: Jin River (Jin: bright and beautiful). Inside the village are four small hydroelectric power stations and several natural hot springs. The village is still in a pure and undisturbed state. Be it in the mountains or in the fields, by the river or on the beach，one can always see various birds and animals, including silver pheasants, bittern, pheasants, owls, golden-ringed snakes, cobras, silver-ringed snakes, trimeresurus, boars, and muntiacus muntjak. It has 8 subvillages: Xikeng, Huangshikeng, Xiaosankeng, Funtou, Dayintou, Yaoqian, Shangwan and Huangxishui.<br /> <br /> ==== 王芳玲 Wang Fangling====<br /> <br /> <br /> 这一夜，漆云良趁着暮色走进村委，推开那间拥挤而简陋的旧屋。他先是打开简易床铺好被褥，又将30多本医学书籍摆放后，准备安眠。虽然才是初夏，可岭南乡村的天气早已暑热熏<br /> 蕴。这间小屋里，不仅潮气冲天，且蚊子众多，总在头顶发出嗡嗡嗡的轰炸声。辗转反侧，他虽然困乏至极，但却怎么都睡不着，只见迷离的月光从窗格子里照进来，在地上形成了朦胧的各种图案。他努力地安慰自己——从过去那安逸的环境里跳脱出来，到一个全然陌生的地方重新开始生活，最初的不适是难免的，但只要调整好心理结构和生活习惯，一样可以适应。<br /> 突然，一阵山风将窗棂拍打得呼哧呼哧响，又听得婉转的鸟叫和响亮的犬吠从更远处传来。索性，他从床上坐起，趿上鞋走到门外去。夜幕下的小村朦朦胧胧，只有远处农家的窗子里透出如豆的灯光。他嗅到了一股浓烈的土腥味——那是混合着泥土、植物和雨水的那种味道，那是他从小就很熟悉、但却早已忘记的味道。现在，他好像是一个少年，站在故乡的小村里，满脑子都是奇思妙想。是的。从今日之后，这个村庄的梦将和他的梦紧密相连在一起。返回屋内，他打开灯，在笔记本写下这样一句话：“人生一念，今日开启。”<br /> <br /> After walking into the village committee at dusk, Chia Yunliang pushed the door into the crowded and simple old hut. Opening the simple bed at first, laying out the bedding and placing more than 30 medical books in the room, then he prepared for a sound sleep. In spite of the early summer, the weather in the southern countryside in Lingnan area had already been hot and smoky. The hut, not only being damp and full of a lot of mosquitoes that always buzzed above his head. Tossing and turning, he could not sleep, though he was extremely sleepy, only to see the misty moonlight shining in through the window panes, forming hazy patterns on the floor. He tried hard to comfort himself - the initial discomfort was inevitable when he jumped out of the comfortable environment of the past and started life anew in a completely new place, but he could adapt as long as he adjusted his mental structure and living habits. Suddenly, a mountain breeze slapped the window pane with a whirring sound, and he heard the gentle chirping of birds and the loud barking of dogs coming from further away. That’s when he sat up from his bed, slipped on his shoes and went to the door. The village was hazy at night, with only bean-like lights coming from the windows of farmer's houses in the distance. He smelled a strong smell of earth - a mixture of dirt, plants and rainwater, a smell he had known since childhood, but had long forgotten. Now, it was as if he was a teenager standing in his hometown's small village, filled with whimsical thoughts. It actually was. After today, the dream of this village will be closely linked with his own dream. Returning to the house, he turned on the light and wrote down this sentence in his notebook: &quot;A thought of life, began today.&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== 王纪龙 Wang Jilong====<br /> <br /> 在离开东莞前，漆云良已做好村里“条件差”的准备，然而第二天一早，他所目睹到的现实，还是令他有些瞠目——整个村委只有一个水龙头，装在厕所里，供煮饭、烧开水、洗澡和冲厕之用。看着那龌蹉到发黑的水质，他皱起了眉头。作为职业医生，他即刻便意识到，长期饮用这样的水对身体是有害的。由此，他也意识到，在他即将要展开的工作中，“健康”一词将占有重要位置。其实，漆云良一点也不惧怕乡村生活。因为他从小生活的那个地方——湖南邵阳新宁县白马田乡义兴桥村6组漆家庄——便是个靠近桂林的丘陵小村。漆家庄内有50多户人家，260多口人。从小村到县城有40公里，坐车大约需要一个多小时。时光迢迢，难以追捕。漆云良想起自己的学生时代——他曾是义兴桥小学的小学生，白马田中学及新宁三中的中学生。1989年，当他考上广州中医学院中医系时，成为漆家庄的第一位大学生。<br /> <br /> Before leaving Dongguan, Qi Yunliang had made preparations for the &quot;poor conditions&quot; in the village. However, the next morning, the reality he saw till astonished him - the entire village committee had only one tap, which was installed in the bathroom for myriad purposes including cooking, drinking, bathing and flushing. He frowned at the blackened water. As a doctor, he immediately realized that drinking such water for a long time was detrimental to health. Consequently, he was aware that health would be the top priority in his upcoming work. In fact, Qi Yunliang is not afraid of rural life at all. The reason is that the place where he lived when he was young - Qijiazhuang, Group 6, Yixingqiao Village, Baimatian Township, Xinning County, Shaoyang, Hunan Province - was a small hilly village near Guilin province. There are more than 50 households and more than 260 people in Qijia Village. It is 40 kilometers from the village to the county, and it takes more than an hour by car. How time flies. Qi Yunliang remembered his school days - he was a pupil of Yixingqiao Primary School, a student of Baimatian Middle School and Xinning No. 3 Middle School. In 1989, when he was admitted to the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangzhou College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, he became the first college student in Qijiazhuang.<br /> <br /> ==== 王露 Wang Lu====<br /> <br /> 想起自己的父亲，漆云良便想起了一个词——“艰辛一世”。父亲是长子，家中有7兄妹。在父亲22岁，祖母去世；之后不到两年，祖父双目失明。父亲不仅要带着祖父到处寄人篱下，四处寻医问药，还要担负起照料兄弟姐妹的重担。父亲成为了家里的主心骨，扛起了各种大小事务，终于将弟妹们全都抚养成人。父亲极为公道正派，且胆量过人，口才出众。他是那种勤劳善良且善解人意的人，虽然只读过高小，但很早就被选入村、大队、公社工作。他曾教过书，修过铁路，在食品站工作过，后来又当了30多年的支部书记，是连续三届的县人大代表，在村里享有极高的威望。<br /> <br /> When he thought of his father, a word came to mind — hardship. There were 7 children in the household, and his father was the eldest son. At the age of 22 by his father, his grandmother died; less than two years later, his grandfather was blinded. Therefore, his father had to take grandfather to live under others’ thumb, seeking for medical help, as well as taking care of his younger siblings. As the mainstay of the house, he took all kinds of burdens, and finally brought up his younger siblings successfully. Being impartial and upright, with boldness and eloquence, he was diligent, kind and understanding. Although having only attended primary school till the second cycle, he was elected to work in villages, brigades and communes at an early age. And he had taught, repaired railroads, worked in food stations, and later served as a branch secretary for more than 30 years. He was a member of the county people's congress for three consecutive terms and enjoyed great prestige in the village.<br /> <br /> <br /> Thinking of his father, a word came to Qi's mind — hardship. There were 7 children in the family, and father was the eldest son. At the age of 22, father's mom died; less than two years later, his father was blind. Since then, father had to take grandfather to live under others’ thumb, seeking for medical treatments, and meanwhile took care of his younger siblings. As the mainstay of the family, he took all kinds of burdens, and finally brought up his younger siblings successfully. Father enjoyed credit for his impartiality, boldness and eloquence. Diligent, kind and considerate, he was selected to work in the village, the brigade and the commune at an early age, although with only a primary education. Moreover, he was once a teacher, a railroad-repairer, and also worked in the food station. Later on, he served as a branch secretary for more than 30 years, and was selected as the County People's Congress deputy for three consecutive terms, enjoying great prestige in the village.<br /> <br /> ==== 王琪 Wang Qi====<br /> <br /> 在漆云良赴广州读书之际，父亲宴请了亲朋好友。亲戚们虽然经济都很拮据，但却拿出大小不一的红包，鼓励漆云良能早日成才，变成国家的栋梁。临行时，父亲抓着他的手说：“儿子，学医就是要救人，要积德，希望你好好学习，回来给乡亲们看病。”拜别父亲后，这个怀揣梦想的年轻人来到广州的三元里，与中医懵懂相遇后，便一头扎进阴阳五行、脏腑经络的世界中。虽然他整日与医书草药混迹在一起，但从不觉得乏味与苦涩。5年倏忽而过。当他毕业时，放弃了到珠海某医院的工作机会，毅然回到新宁县中医院，成为第一个分配到这里的医学本科生。<br /> “回来给乡亲们看病”是父亲对他的嘱托，然而在基层医院里，学中医的他总感觉放不开手脚。1999年年初，当他接到湘雅医院的进修通知书时，激动地落下了泪。在那段刻苦求学的日子<br /> 里，他不仅获得了多位老师的认可，弥补了现代医学的不足，还能娴熟处理消化内科、心血管内科、新生儿科的常见病和多发病。籍此，他晋升为西医内科主治医师，而“多西少中”的方法则成为他的主要医疗手段。<br /> <br /> Before Qi Yunliang went to Guangzhou for study, his father invited his friends and relatives to a banquet. Although the relatives were hard up, they gave out red packets, no matter how much was in, and encouraged Qi to work hard so as to achieve success soon. When Qi was leaving, his father grabbed his hand and said, &quot;Studying medicine is to save lives and build virtue, I hope you can study hard and come back to make contributions for the fellow villagers.&quot; Farewell to his father, the young man came to Sanyuanli in Guangzhou with dreams for the future. After an ignorant encounter, he dedicated himself to Chinese medicine, immersed in studying Yin and Yang, the Five Elements, the internal organs and meridians. Although he spent all his days with medical books and herbs, he never felt tedious or bitter. 5 years flew by. When graduating, he gave up the opportunity to work in a hospital in Zhuhai and returned to Xinning County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine without hesitation. He was the first medical undergraduate assigned here. It was father’s instruction that he should return to the hometown to be a doctor that makes contributions for the fellow villagers. However, as a Chinese medicine major, he always felt restrained in the primary hospital. In the beginning of 1999, when he received the notice of further training in Xiangya Hospital, he shed tears of excitement. During that period of hard study, he was not only recognized by many teachers that he had made up for the deficiencies of modern medicine, but also proficient in handling common and multiple diseases in gastroenterology, cardiovascular medicine and neonatology. Hence, he was promoted to an attending hematologist in Internal Medicine, and the &quot;More Western treatments, less TCM therapies &quot; became his master medical approach.<br /> <br /> ==== 汪世博 Wang Shibo====<br /> <br /> 2000年8月，他调到东莞市凤岗人民医院。东莞是改革开放的前沿城市，大量的工厂吸引来大批的外来人口，故而这里的流动人口多，病人也多，工作量非常大，医院发展非常迅猛。漆云良在东莞如蛟龙入海，感觉真正做到了学以致用。到了2007年时，他已完成广东医学院中西医结合临床专业研究生课程进修班，获得了硕士结业证书。之后，他主持完成东莞市科技局科研立项三项，广东省中医药局科研立项一项，在国内杂志上发表论文10余篇。2008年8月，当他晋升为中西医结合专业副主任医师后，主动请缨，希望到社区卫生服务中心工作。十年过去后，他又主动请缨，希望到粤北山区去扶贫。在取得了妻儿的理解后，他毅然踏上了行程。<br /> <br /> ==== 王雅姝 Wang Yashu====<br /> <br /> 从东莞出发到仁化县，再到扶溪镇的斜周村，他已深深体会到一种“无计划”的生活——显然，基层干部的日常与医生的大相径庭——医院就像军队，有严格的时间限制和区域划分，每个人都清楚自己的位置和职责；而乡村工作，不仅要处理常规事务，还要有机敏的应变能力，要根据不同时期的重点随时调整工作重心。在度过了那个混沌之夜后，他于凌晨5点醒来。既然已经脱离了原有的生活状态，那么，就要赶快建立起新的习惯。晨读和晨跑是不能或缺的——这是他多年养成的习惯——晨读可增强心智，晨跑可增强体质。在村里跑步，感觉完全不同——乡村的晨光异常娇嫩，漫天云霞像一条条橙红浅粉的带子，空气清新得像被过滤了一千遍——在奔跑时，他感觉身体格外轻盈，像有一双大手在托举着。<br /> <br /> During his journey from Dongguan City to Renhua County, and then to Xiezhou Village of Fuxi Town, Qi Yunliang had deeply experienced a kind of &quot;random&quot; life—obviously, the daily life of a cadre at the grassroots level is a world away from a doctor. Working in a hospital is like in the army, with strict time limits and clear regional divisions, and everyone is clear about his or her position and responsibility. Working in a village, however, one should not only deal with daily tasks but also be able to respond quickly to changing situations and be prepared to shift the focus of work according to the priorities of different periods. After that chaotic night, Qi woke up at 5 o'clock in the morning. Since he had left the old environment, it was necessary to establish new habits as soon as possible. Reading and running in the morning were the first thing to do—he had practiced both for many years—the former improves mental ability and the latter strengthens physical health. Running in the village generated in him a completely different feeling: the morning light was extremely soft, the sky decorated with ribbons of red-orange and pinkish clouds, and the air as fresh as if having been filtered a thousand times. When running, he felt his body extraordinarily light; seemingly there was a pair of big hands holding it up.<br /> <br /> ==== 王植碧 Wang Zhibi====<br /> <br /> 他今天要干的第一件事，不是开会，不是学文件，而是练习骑摩托车！虽然他是开着自己的汽车来到小村的，但村子四周环绕群山，要想到各个自然村去，只能骑摩托车穿过那些乡村小路。最初，他学得颤颤巍巍，但练习了几次后，他便掌握了规律，变得有模有样起来。等到老队长蔡广京来找他时，他已像个熟练的骑手。之后，两个人骑在摩托车上出发，驶向贫困户家中。原本，这个草绿色的小村到处都静悄悄的，只有偶尔的几声鸟鸣犬吠。突然间，突突的摩托车声传来，由远及近，且越来越响亮。这个身处21世纪之初的小村，看起来如诞生时那样依然故我，然而，它在未来将会明白，随着那突突声到来的，远不止是一个新人。新响动便意味着新变化，新变化便意味着新生活。<br /> <br /> The first thing he will do today is not a meeting, not to learn the document, but to practice riding a motorcycle. Though he drove his own car to this small village, the village was surrounded by mountains. To think of various natural villages, he can only ride a motorcycle through those rural roads. At first, he learned trembling, but after several times of practice, he mastered the rules and became more like a model. When Cai Guangjing, the old captain, came to him, he was like a skilled rider. After that, the two people set out on motorcycles and drove to the poor families. Originally, the grass green village was quiet everywhere, with only a few occasional birdsong and barking. Suddenly, the sudden sound of motorcycles came from far to near, and became louder and louder. This small village at the beginning of the 21st century looks as if it were still the same as it was when it was born. However, it will understand in the future that with the sudden sound, it is far from just a new person. New sounds mean new changes, and new changes mean new life.<br /> <br /> The first thing he will do today is not a meeting, not to learn the document, but to practice riding a motorcycle. Though he drove his own car to this small village, to go to each natural village, he can only ride a motorcycle through those rural roads since the village was surrounded by mountains. At first, he trembled while learning to ride a motorcycle, but after several times of practices, he mastered the rules and rode like a rider. When Cai Guangjing, the old captain, came to him, he was like a skilled rider. Later, the two people rode motorcycles and set out to the poor families. Originally, the grass-green village was quiet everywhere, with only a few occasional birdsong and barking. Suddenly, the sudden sound of motorcycles came from far to near and became louder and louder. This small village at the beginning of the 21st century looks as if it were still the same as it was when it was born. However, it will understand in the future what came with the sudden sound was more than a new person. New sounds mean new changes, and new changes mean a new life.(Wang Zhiling)<br /> <br /> ==== 王智灵 Wang Zhiling ====<br /> <br /> 很多时日后，当漆云良回忆起那一天的遭遇时，都感觉很难用合适的词汇来表述。他是职业医生，见过了太多的苦难，具有更强的忍耐力，然而那一天，当他目睹到那些深陷贫困深井的人们时，还是感觉喉头哽咽，鼻孔发酸。原本，关于贫困村和贫困人口，都是一些纸上的数字，出现在电视新闻里；而现在，当他的身影进入那一间间小屋，与一个又一个的人劈面相逢时，一下子，他像推开了玻璃门，进入到一个格外真实而具体的世界。在这个王国里，所有的疼痛都被放大镜扩大，所有的苦难都以双倍呈现，所有的挣扎都显得尤为激烈而艰涩。他是渐渐才明白的——贫困对人类所造成的伤害，他是从这一户户人家的具体遭遇中获悉的。在此之前，“贫困”只是一个名词；在此之后，“贫困”是那一个个具体的人名。<br /> <br /> Many days later, when Qi Yunliang recalled what happened that day, he found it difficult to find appropriate words to express. He is a professional doctor who has seen too much suffering and has stronger endurance than normal people. However, on that day, when he witnessed those people who were trapped in the deep well of poverty, he still felt his throat choked and his nostrils sour. Originally, all he knew about the impoverished villages and the impoverished population were figures on paper that appeared on the TV news; but now, when he entered those huts and met people face to face, all of a sudden, it was as if he had pushed a glass door and entered an extraordinarily real and concrete world. In this kingdom, all pain is magnified by a magnifying glass, all suffering is doubled, and all struggles are more intense and difficult. It was only gradually that he realized the harm that poverty caused to human beings, and he learned from the specific experiences of these families. Before that, &quot;poverty&quot; was just a noun; but after that, &quot;poverty&quot; was the name of each specific person.<br /> <br /> ==== 吴博涵 Wu Bohan====<br /> <br /> 初次见到“驼子”后，漆云良的下巴都要被惊掉——他可真黑！那黑就写在脸上、脖颈上、手背上、脚踝上。那黑是一团一团的，看起来很柔软，但却又显得很寒冷。这个人整个都沉浸在暗黑之中，像是一个琥珀。再细细一瞧，唉，那头发因多日没洗而粘连成片！那冲天的大鼻孔里正呼哧呼哧喘着粗气！那眼珠像是给强光晃过，瞳孔还没有调整到位置！村里人早已忘记他叫“刘健业”，而习惯性地喊他为“驼子”。<br /> <br /> After Qi Yunliang saw the &quot;Tuozi&quot; for the first time, it made his jaw drop-he was so black! The black was shown on his face, neck, back of his hand and ankle. The black was clumpy and looked soft, but it seemed frigid. The whole man was immersed in darkness, like an amber. By a closer look, alas, the hair was glued to pieces because it has not been washed for many days! The big nostrils were wheezing and panting! The eyeballs seemed to had been shaken by the bright light, and the pupils had not been adjusted to the right position! The villagers had long forgotten that his name was &quot;Liu Jianye&quot; and called him &quot;Tuozi&quot; as a force of habit. <br /> <br /> When Qi Yunliang first saw the “Tuozi”, his jaw dropped -- he was so dark! The dark was shown on his face, neck, back of his hands, and ankles. Clouds of dark looked soft but cold. The man was fully immersed in darkness, like amber. By a closer look, alas, his hair unwashed for many days was glued to pieces. He was wheezing with his big nostrils. The eyeballs seemed to have been dazzled in the bright light, for his pupils had not been adjusted to the right position. The villagers had forgotten that his name was “Liu Jianye” and called him “Tuozi” as a force of habit.<br /> <br /> 在见“驼子”之前，漆云良已在心里提前预演过一番，然而，他还是被这个人的黑吓了一跳。这个已66岁的男人，整个脊背完全拱了起来，让后背像是背了个倒扣的大铁锅。他只有1.4米左右，套着件宽大而皱巴的夹克衫，脚上的黄胶鞋因沾满泥点而泛白，透着股难掩的萧索味。<br /> <br /> Before seeing Tuozi, Qi Yunliang has prepared for a bit in advance, but he was still startled by the man's darkness. The 66-year-old man's entire back is completely arched, making him look like an iron pan, upside-down. He is only about 1.4 meters tall, wearing a loose and wrinkled jacket, and the yellow rubber shoes on his feet are somehow white with mud spots, with a bleak smell that cannot be hidden. <br /> <br /> Before seeing Tuozi, Qi Yunliang had prepared mentally in advance, but he was still startled by the man’s darkness. The 66-year-old man’s entire back was completely arched like he was carrying an upside-down big iron pot. He was only about 1.4 meters tall with a loose and wrinkled jacket. And the yellow rubber shoes on his feet turned white with mud spots and looked bleak that could not be hidden.<br /> <br /> “驼子”很爱笑，一笑就咧开大嘴，露出门牙脱落后形成的黑洞。“驼子”又聋又哑，属于完全丧失劳动能力的五保户。他一直单身，每月有1000多元的补助，虽然日常生活没啥问题，但一个人的日子却显得恓惶而孤单。<br /> <br /> Tuozi smiles a lot and he grins whenever he smiles, exposing the black hole formed after the loss of his front teeth. Tuozi is deaf and dumb and classified as the five guarantees who have completely lost their abilities to work. He has always been single, with a monthly subsidy of more than 1000 yuan. Although his daily living is not much of a problem, his life seems dismayed and lonely.<br /> <br /> Tuozi always smiles and grins with the black hole formed after the loss of his front teeth. Due to his deaf and dumb, he was classified as the household enjoying the five guarantees that have completely lost their abilities to work. He has always been single, with a monthly subsidy of more than 1000 Yuan. Although his daily life is not much of a problem, his life on his own seems dismaying and lonely.<br /> <br /> ==== 伍超穎 Wu Chaoying====<br /> <br /> 一进聂球生家的门，漆云良便掏出听诊器和血压计，主动为老聂的老母亲号脉和测量血压。男主人是个身量高大的男人，理着板寸，有着一张很富态的圆脸，大腿和胳膊都显得粗壮有力，腰上还挺着个小肚腩。他母亲已80高龄，不仅患有高血压，还有糖尿病等多种疑难杂症。漆云良叮嘱老聂要多注意老太太身体的变化，如果有什么不好的症状出现，就及时给他打电话。做儿子的，边听边点头，一个劲地说着嗯嗯。<br /> <br /> As soon as he entered Nie Qiusheng’s house, Qi Yunliang took out a stethoscope and a sphygmomanometer and took the initiative to check the pulse and blood pressure of Mr. Nie’s old mother. The male host was a tall man with a buzz cut, a fat round face, sturdy legs, strong arms, and love handles on his waist. His mother was 80 years old and suffered from not only high blood pressure but also diabetes and other complicated diseases. Qi Yunliang told Mr. Nie to pay more attention to what is happening to the old lady’s body, and if there are any bad symptoms, call him in time. As a son, he nodded while listening, and kept saying yeah.<br /> <br /> 老聂的身子骨看起来很是强壮，可他家为何成为贫困户？原来，出了老母亲是个病秧子，他的孩子们都处于求学阶段，那一年好几万的学杂费，就像是一把耙子，一下子便将这个家的家底给搂空了。老聂不是好吃懒做之辈，一年到头都在橘园里辛苦地苦扒苦挣，可橘园里的收入不单靠农人的辛苦，还得看老天爷的脸色。任何一场干旱或者暴雨，都能将那些可以变成钱的橘子打得稀巴烂，让农人白白辛苦一场而无所获。<br /> <br /> Mr. Nie looked very strong, but why did his family become a poor household? Actually, it was because of his invalid mother and school-age children, whose tens of thousands of tuition and fees that year were like a rake, making deep inroads into the family’s savings. Mr. Nie was not a gluttonous and lazy guy. On the contrary, he worked hard in the orange orchard all year round, but the income in the orange orchard did not depend only on the hard work of the peasants, but also on kismet. A drought or rainstorm could easily damage the oranges that could be turned into money, making the peasants work in vain and gain nothing.<br /> <br /> ==== 吴敏 Wu Min====<br /> <br /> 到了刘培宗的家，漆云良的整个身子被定住了，简直卖不开步子——这间老屋像个黑黢黢的洞穴，不仅阴暗潮湿，且墙基不稳，显得岌岌可危。原来，这间屋子已成钉子户——作为全村唯一的一间没有被改造的危房，它的模样格外扎眼。男主人刘培宗身量适中，体型健壮，理着个小平头，一张圆脸显得很慈祥；妻子的身形较为苗条，虽然皮肤苍黄，但五官很是清秀，脸上浮着局促而羞涩的笑容。两个人都习惯性地打着赤脚，趿着拖鞋。他家有五口人，母亲高龄且多病，两个女儿均在求学——大女儿在广州培正学院人力资源管理专业读本科，小女儿在仁化县中学读高二。虽然800多棵柑橘树是家里的主要收入来源，但和老母亲的医药费及女儿的学费相比，还是入不敷出。挣的钱抵不上要花的，所以日子便过得缩手缩脚。当漆云良询问他家新房的修建进度后，即刻绽开了笑容。原来，新房已于这年5月开始动工，预计年底便可竣工。“好啊好啊！如果完成验收，马上就能获得国家的4万元补助啊！”刘培宗自知旧房拖了全村人的后腿，即刻点头又点头。<br /> <br /> ==== 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli====<br /> <br /> 聂池生的家是一座新房，屋里的墙壁刷得雪白，摆着红木沙发和原木色饭桌，显得格外簇新。男主人有些微胖，看着既和善又精明，是这家人的主心骨。他打开饭桌上的那个塑料罐，将黄澄澄的液体倒入塑料杯——原来，那是老聂自己酿的蜂蜜！漆云良看到蜂蜜在阳光下显得晶莹剔透，像融化了的黄金，再啜饮一口后，感觉滋味极馥郁甜美。老聂有这样的手艺，何以成为贫困户？原来，他家有六口人——老聂夫妇俩，儿子聂玖文和儿媳刘秀清，读小学的孙女聂红苹和上幼儿园的孙子聂红芸。老聂家的主要收入靠种植贡柑和养殖蜂蜜，但农业收入受天气等外界影响较大，故而，他家的收入并不稳定；再加上家里无一人在外打工，使这家人的日子也皱皱巴巴，不那么舒坦。<br /> <br /> Nie Chisheng's home was a new house with whitewashed walls, a mahogany sofa and a wood-colored dining table. The plump man who was the backbone of the family looked kind and shrewd. He opened the plastic jar on the table and poured the yellow liquid into the plastic cup. It was the honey Lao Nie had made himself! When Qi Yunliang saw the honey in the sun, it looked like melted gold. After a sip, he felt the taste was particularly sweet. Why does Lao Nie have such a craft become a poor family? Because there are six people in his family, Lao Nie and his wife, son Nie Jiuwen and daughter-in-law Liu Xiuqing, primary school granddaughter Nie Hongping and kindergarten grandson Nie Hongyun. The main income of Lao Nie's family depends on the cultivation of capers and honey, but the agricultural income is greatly affected by the weather and other external factors, so his family's income is not stable. And with no one in the family working outside the home, the family was squeezed.<br /> <br /> Nie Chisheng's home was a new house with whitewashed walls, a mahogany sofa and a wood-colored dining table. All these furniture makes his house look all the more brand new. The plump man who was the backbone of the family looked kind and shrewd. He opened the plastic jar on the dinner table and poured the yellow liquid into the plastic cup. It turned out to be the honey Lao Nie had made by himself! Under the sunshine, the honey looked crystal clear, just like the melting gold. After a sip, Qi Yunliang felt the taste was particularly sweet and mellow. How could Lao Nie who has such a skill make his family sink into poverty? The reason turned out to be that there are total six people in his family, Lao Nie and his wife, his son Nie Jiuwen and daughter-in-law Liu Xiuqing, granddaughter Nie Hongping and kindergarten grandson Nie Hongyun who studied in primary school and kindergarten respectively. The main income of Lao Nie's family comes from the plantation of capers and beekeeping. However, the agricultural income is greatly affected by the weather and other external factors, so his family's income is not stable. And with no one in the family working outside, the family lived a destitute and hard life<br /> <br /> ==== 席书涵 Xi Shuhan====<br /> <br /> 之后，漆云良骑在摩托车上，又继续寻访了不少贫困户。奔波一整天，回到村委的住处时，天色已变得浓黑起来。他随便地扒拉了两口饭后，便打开笔记本，写下这一天的行程。初夏的夜空显得宁静而高远，山风裹挟着清凉穿堂而过。漆云良的身体虽然已异常疲惫，但精神却相当活跃。他在这一天的经历，纠正了他以往的认知。不，贫困户的贫困并非天生造成的，而是各种原因的叠加使然。要将身处贫困陷阱里的人拉出来，便要找绳子，找梯子，找架子。只要给他们一点机会，便会激发出他们的潜能。<br /> <br /> Later, riding on his motorcycle, Qi Yunliang went to visit a lot more poverty-stricken households then. After a day’s toil, he returned to the country committee when the night has descended. As soon as he swallowed several morsels of rice, he opened his notebook and jotted down his itinerary. The sky of the early summer night is particularly tranquil and appeared to be higher and farther from earth. With a gust of chill mountain wind passing by, Qi Yunliang’s mind was refreshed even though his body has undergone extreme fatigue. The experience of the whole day changed his thought before. NO, the poverty-stricken households are not born to be like that instead their miserable situation are caused by various reasons all together. To pull up a man trapped in the snare, we need rope, ladder and shelf. Their potential will be stimulated once they are given an opportunity, no matter how tiny it is.<br /> <br /> Correction：Later, riding on his motorcycle, Qi Yunliang went to visit a lot more poverty-stricken households then. After a day’s toil, he returned to the village committee when the night has descended. As soon as he swallowed a little rice, he opened his notebook and jotted down his itinerary. The sky of the early summer night is particularly tranquil and appeared to be higher and farther from earth. With a gust of chill mountain wind passing by, Qi Yunliang’s mind was refreshed even though his body has undergone extreme fatigue. The experience of the whole day changed his thought before. NO, the poverty-stricken households are not born to be like that instead their miserable situation are caused by various reasons all together. To pull up a man trapped in the snare, we need rope, ladder and shelf. Their potential will be stimulated once they are given an opportunity, no matter how tiny it is.<br /> <br /> ==== 夏盼 Xia Pan====<br /> <br /> 通过几天连续寻访，漆云良逐渐地理清了思路。事实上，这个小村就是一个微缩的小社会，每一块地都有独属于它的历史，就像每一幢房，每一个人那样。在这样一个村子里，贫困户的位置就像护城河，始终处于最外围，始终是矮人一头，始终被疏离所包裹。漆云良意识到，若想把每一户的情况都摸清摸透，单靠口头询问是不够的，还得有详细记录。于是，他像人类学家设计田野调查表那样，设计了一张专门针对贫困户的《入户调查表》，其内容涉及健康状况、外出务工、家庭收入、政策满意程度等。当他带着表格走访村民时，还同时带着血压计和听诊器。他深深懂得，“各家有本难念的经”。要知道，让贫困户把自己当成朋友，倾吐家里的秘密，并非一件容易的事。因为贫穷的人自尊心更强，有着更顽强的防卫机制，他们会以某种友好的方式拒绝别人对他家的窥视。然而，如果来做调查的书记同时是医生，可以给家人坐免费体检，那情形便会大不相同。<br /> <br /> After several days of continuous searching, Qi Yunliang gradually made up his mind. In fact, this small village is a small society in miniature. Every piece of land has its own history, just like every house and every person. In such a village, the position of poor households is like a moat, always at the outermost edge, always surrounded by alienation. Qi Yunliang realized that if he wanted to find out the situation of each household, it was not enough to rely on verbal inquiries, and detailed records were required. So, like an anthropologist designing a field survey, he designed a “Household Questionnaire”specifically for poor households, which covered health status, migrant workers, family income, and policy satisfaction. When he visited villagers with the form, he also brought a blood pressure monitor and a stethoscope. He deeply understands that &quot;every family has its own difficult things&quot;. You must know that it is not an easy task for poor households to regard themselves as friends and pour out family secrets. Because poor people have stronger self-esteem and stronger defense mechanisms than normal household, they will reject others' prying eyes on their homes in a friendly way. However, if the secretary who came to do the investigation is also a doctor and can give the family members free medical examinations, the situation will be quite different.<br /> <br /> <br /> After days of searching, Qi Yunliang gradually sorted out his thoughts. In fact, this small village is a miniature society. Every piece of land, just like every house and person, has its own history. In such a village, poor households are like a moat, always at the outermost edge and surrounded by a sense of alienation. Qi realized that to find out the situation of each household, he has to glean detailed information rather than only making verbal inquiries. So, like an anthropologist designing a field survey, he designed a “Household Questionnaire” specifically for poor households, covering physical status, outward employment, family income, and policy satisfaction. When he visited villagers with the form, he also took with him a blood pressure monitor and a stethoscope. He was deeply informed that “every family has its own problems”. It is not an easy task for poor households to regard him as a friend and pour out family secrets. Having stronger self-esteem and defense mechanisms, they will kindly reject overly focus on them. Nevertheless, it’s another story if the secretary interviewing them is also a doctor and offers free medical examination to the family.<br /> <br /> ==== 夏依颐 Xia Yiyi ====<br /> <br /> 此后的一周时间里，他不仅跑遍了八个自然村落，深入到每一户人家，而且还获得了很多意外的收获。“粤北的农民其实非常能干！”这是他发自肺腑的结论。他始终记得自己是一个乡村少年，能上大学当医生都离不开土地的供养，而现在，当他深入到乡村内部，倾听每一位农人的心声时，他感觉自己慢慢了解了他们的难处，懂得了他们需要怎样的帮助。他的工作思路是逐渐的——要以产业帮扶为主，先解决最紧迫的收入问题；再以健康帮扶为辅，防止贫困户返贫；同时，还要进行心灵帮扶，让大家有信心有决心摘掉穷帽子，最终迈上良性循环的步调。<br /> <br /> 事实上，到2019年年底，漆云良已从新闻里了解到这些信息——东莞市为帮扶韶关和揭阳两市的323个贫困村，共引进农业龙头企业141个，建立合作社271个，培育农业特色产业490个，还打造出冬瓜村、百香果村、芒果村等一大批特色产业村，组织贫困劳动力转移就业一万多人，使两市有劳动力贫困户的年人均可支配收入达15670.44元，年均增长22%；同时，东莞市还安排了6个牵头镇街、16个协助镇街与昭通市6个贫困县区开展“携手奔小康”行动，累计投入财政资金3843万元，结对帮扶贫困乡镇51个—— 而他所在的斜周村，是那323个村庄中的一个。<br /> <br /> In the following week, he reached every household in eight natural villages and got more than he expected. “The farmers in northern Guangdong are actually very capable!” This was from the bottom of his heart. He always remembered that he was a country boy who, without the support of the land, could not go to university and become a doctor. Now, when he went deep inside the villages and listened to every farmer, he felt that he gradually understood their difficulties and needs. He carries out his work step by step---to solve the most urgent income problem first, with the focus on industrial help; then to prevent poor households from returning to poverty with healthy help as an auxiliary part. In addition, mental help is required to give people confidence and determination to get rid of poverty and embark on a sustainable path.<br /> <br /> In fact, by the end of 2019, Qi Yunliang had learned some information from the news - to help 323 poor villages in Shaoguan and Jieyang, Dongguan City introduced 141 leading agricultural enterprises, established 271 cooperatives, cultivated 490 agricultural special industries, including Donggua (winter melon) villages, Baixiangguo (passion fruit) villages, Mangguo (mango) villages where more than 10,000 poor laborers have realized transfer employment, with the annual per capita disposable income of poor households with laborers in the two cities reaching 15,670.44 yuan, an average year-on-year increase of 22%. The city also carried out “Hand in Hand for Well-off Society” in 6 leading towns and streets, 16 assisting ones and 6 poor counties and districts in Shaotong City. The city has invested a total of 38.43 million yuan to help 51 poor towns and villages - and his village, Xiezhou Village, is one of them.<br /> <br /> ==== 夏紫纯 Xia Zichun====<br /> <br /> 和其他村庄相比，斜周村的各项条件都实属一般。村里那号称“三坑二头瑶水湾”的八个自然村，所处的位置都非常分散，且村里的农村集体经济薄弱，村容村貌也亟待治理。对全村村民而言，最重要的收入来自外出打工，其次才是农业种植。虽然村民们也种水稻，也卖毛竹，但几乎每一家都更仰仗贡柑和沙糖橘的收入。然而，这种经济模式十分单一，且没有形成一定规模，更谈不上品牌效应——一旦老天不给面子，这一年的收成便会大打折扣，继而严重影响正常生活。他皱着眉头思忖——产业扶贫是重中之重。在他看来，若贫困户家里有富余劳动力，便一定要鼓励这些人外出打工，这样既可保持一个固定的收入来源，还可减少对农业收入的依赖；其次，要努力提高农产品的收入，以确保增产也增收。小村地处偏远，信息闭塞，所以农产品的价格不高，销量也不大，很难形成规模产业。如此，村里是否可搭建起一个更好的销售平台？是否能种植些经济效益更高的作物？如果家里人手少，无法外出打工，可否在农闲时就近打零工以补贴家用？<br /> <br /> Compared with other villages, the conditions of Xiezhou village are not very good indeed. The eight natural villages there which are featured with uneven water puddles scattered here and there. And the village’s rural collective economic base is weak, and the appearance of this village is in urgent need of treatment. For the villagers, the most important income comes from working outside the village, followed by agricultural cultivation. Although the villagers grow rice and sell moso bamboo, almost every family relies more on the income from tangerines and sassafras. However, this economic model is very homogeneous and has not developed into a certain scale, not to mention the forming of a brand effect. Once the weather is bad, the harvest of this year will be greatly reduced, and then the normal life will be seriously affected. He pondered with a frown, thinking that industrial poverty alleviation is the top priority. In his opinion, if poor families have extra labor force at home, then these people should be encouraged to work outside. Such action would maintain a regular source of income and also reduce dependence on agricultural income. Secondly, efforts should be made to increase the income from agricultural products to ensure that the yield of agricultural products rises along with the income. Because of its remote location and isolation, the price of the village’s agricultural products is not high and the consumption is not large, making it difficult to form large-scale cultivation. So can a better sales platform be established in this village? Is it possible to grow more economically efficient crops? If the family has a small workforce and nobody can go out to work, can they do part-time jobs nearby to subsidize their families during their leisure time?<br /> <br /> <br /> Compared with other villages, the conditions of Xiezhou village were not very good indeed. There scattered eight natural villages with surrounding hills, gullies, and streams. What’s more, the village’s collective economic was underdeveloped and its hygienic conditions need to be improved. For all the villagers, working outside was their main source of income while farming secondary. Although they grew rice and sold moso bamboo, almost every family relied more on the income from tangerines and Shatang mandarins. However, with single economic model, small production scale and no notable brands, they struggled to support themselves in bad-harvest years. He pondered with a frown over the poverty alleviation of the village. He thought industrial poverty alleviation was the key. In his opinion, if a poor family had sufficient labor force, then some of its members should be encouraged to work outside. That would maintain a stable source of income and also reduce dependence on agricultural income. Secondly, efforts should be made to increase the yield and income of agricultural products in the village. Its remoteness and inadequate information resulted in difficulty in forming large-scale cultivation, low agricultural product prices and poor sales. So could a better sales platform be established there? Or could more profitable crops be planted? If a family were short of workforce and nobody were able to go out to work, they could do part-time jobs nearby to support their families during their leisure time.<br /> <br /> ==== 向明慧 Xiang Minghui====<br /> <br /> 针对健康扶贫，他要做的是长远打算。村里的人看起来都有些老相，且病人的人数也相当多，这和村人长期从事体力劳动有关，还和抽烟、饮酒、打牌等的不良生活习惯有关，也和多油重盐的饮食习惯有关；再加上水质差，没有锻炼意识，故而在村里现有的贫困户中，有40%是因病、残、智、伤等造成长期缺乏劳动力，最终形成了贫困的恶果。全村有高血压患者45人，糖尿病患者15人，长期卧床及行动不便者8人。在41户贫困户中，有41位残疾人员。作为职业医生，他敏感地意识到——若疾病问题不解决，很多贫困户都会面临返贫的风险。他想制订一些健康家庭计划、慢性病康复计划等，可防止贫困户家庭因病返贫。<br /> To help the impoverished villagers resulted from health problems, Qi had to make long-term plans. The villagers looked older and many of them contracted diseases because they continuously conduct manual labor and had unhealthy living habits, including smoking, drinking, playing cards and oily and salty diets. Coupled with the poor water quality and lack of exercise, 40 percent of current poor households were short of labor perennially due to their injuries, illnesses and physical and mental disabilities. There were 45 villagers with hypertension, 15 with diabetes and 8 bedridden ones with mobility difficulties. Among the 41 poor households, there were 41 disabled villagers. As a professional doctor, Qi was acutely aware that many poor families would face the risk of returning to poverty without solution to their diseases. Therefore, he was intended to make healthy family plans and chronic disease rehabilitation plans as a remedy. <br /> <br /> To carry out the Health Program for Poverty Alleviation, Qi had to make long-term plans. The villagers looked older and many of them contracted diseases because they continuously conduct manual labor and had unhealthy living habits, including smoking, drinking, playing cards and oily and salty diets. Coupled with the poor water quality and lack of exercise, among the existing poor households in the village, 40% of them were suffering from chronic labor shortage due to illness, injury and physical and mental disabilities, and have finally suffered the evil consequences of poverty. There were 45 villagers with hypertension, 15 with diabetes and 8 bedridden ones with mobility difficulties. Among the 41 poor households, there were 41 disabled villagers. As a professional doctor, Qi was acutely aware that many poor families would face the risk of returning to poverty without solution to their diseases. Therefore, he was intended to make healthy family programs and chronic disease rehabilitation programs as a remedy.<br /> <br /> 在村里走访的这些天，漆云良还发现，比物质贫穷更为可怕的，是心灵的贫瘠与麻木。在他看来，如果灵魂溃散了，再丰富的物质和再强壮的身体，都不会感受到幸福。现在，村里有个别人整日里“等、靠、要”，用懒惰和怨憎建起一座隐形的城堡，任是谁都走不进去。要怎么才能攻克那道高墙，让阳光照耀进去？还有一些人，因长期处于贫困状态而深感自卑，总是唯唯诺诺，匮乏创新精神。要怎样才能让那些总是低头闪躲的人，不要再像扛负着无法被原宥的罪过般，挺胸抬头地走路呢？<br /> During his visit in the village, he found that the barrenness and numbness of souls were worse than material scarcity. He believed those with wealthy life and strong bodies could hardly feel happy if their souls were rotten. At that time, some villagers always waited for subsidies and assistance without any enthusiasm to live a better life by themselves. Their idleness and resentment were alike to an invisible fortress preventing others from getting in. Qi was wondering how to make warmth and hope break that wall. Some were chained by inferiority stemmed from their lasting miseries, thus becoming submissive fossils. Looking at those who’d walked with their heads down and been afraid of looking into others’ eyes, Qi was eager to find ways to help them be confident and relived from imprisonment of souls.<br /> <br /> During his visit in the village, he found that the barrenness and numbness of souls were worse than material scarcity. He believed those with wealthy life and strong bodies could not feel happy if their souls were rotten. At that time, some villagers always waited for subsidies and assistance without any enthusiasm to live a better life by themselves. Their idleness and resentment were alike to an invisible fortress preventing others from getting in. Qi was wondering how to make warmth and hope break that wall. Some were chained by inferiority stemmed from their lasting poverty, thus becoming submissive and inflexible. Looking at those who’d walked with their heads down and been afraid of looking into others’ eyes, Qi was eager to find ways to help them be confident and relived from imprisonment of souls.<br /> <br /> == Part 24 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 柑橘、蜂蜜和葡萄柚<br /> <br /> Citrus, Honey and Grapefruit<br /> <br /> Citrus, Honey and Grapefruit<br /> <br /> 即便农业收入极不稳定，受制天气及市场等各种因素，然而贡柑、沙糖橘及各类蔬菜，依旧是斜周村人除外出务工外的主要收入。漆云良思忖，虽然村里通过扶贫资金，已投资光伏、中金岭南、猕猴桃、黑山羊等产业项目，让贫困户每年约有1000多元的分红，但还需通过各种方式，努力拓宽农产品的销售渠道，提高农产品的价格，以增加贫困户的收入。在挨家挨户的走访中，他听到不少贫困户提出这样的疑问——“为啥我家的橘子挂果没有别人家多？”——其实，这个问题实际上反应了贫困户在劳作中，匮乏农业科技指导的问题。籍此，他通过县扶贫办的牵线搭桥，专门请有经验的农业专家来到村里讲课，专门解决村民遇到的施肥、挂果等实际问题。<br /> <br /> Even though agricultural income was extremely unstable and was affected by various factors such as the weather and the market, tribute oranges, sugar oranges and various vegetables were still the main income of people in Xiezhou village except for migrant work. Qi Yunliang considered, with poverty alleviation funds, although the village had invested in photovoltaic generation system, Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Non-ferrous metal Company Limited, kiwifruit planting, black goat farming and other industrial projects to provide the poor households an annual dividend of about 1,000 yuan, the village also needed to expand the distribution channels and raise the price of agricultural products through various means to increase the income of poor households. During his door-to-door visits, he heard from many poor households who asked, &quot;Why don't we harvest as many oranges as others?&quot; In fact, the problem actually reflected the lack of agricultural guidance in science and technology about the work of the poor households. So, through the county poverty alleviation office matchmaking, he specially invited experienced agricultural experts to come to the village to give lectures, specifically in order to solve the villager’s encountered problems like fertilization, harvest and other practical problems.<br /> <br /> <br /> Even if agricultural income was extremely unstable and was vulnerable to various factors such as the weather and the market, tribute oranges, sugar oranges and various vegetables were still the main income of Xiezhou villagers aside from migrant work. Qi Yunliang considered that with poverty alleviation funds, although the village had invested in photovoltaic generation system, Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Non-ferrous metal Company Limited, kiwifruit planting, black goat farming and other industrial projects to provide the poor households an annual dividend of about 1,000 yuan, the village also needed to get wider distribution and put up the price of agricultural products through all kinds of means to increase the income of poor households. During his door-to-door visits, he heard from many poor households who asked, &quot;Why don't we harvest as many oranges as others?&quot; In fact, the problem actually reflected the lack of agricultural thchnology guidance in the work of poor households. Therefore, through the county poverty alleviation office matchmaking, he specially invited experienced agricultural experts to come to the village to give lectures for solving the villager’s encountered problems like fertilization, harvest and other practical problems.<br /> <br /> ==== 肖娜 Xiao Na====<br /> <br /> 销售则是难中之难——因位于大山身处，山路弯弯造成交通不便，信息匮乏，故而村民们虽然辛苦一年，但往往因为销售不畅，而出现增产不增收的局面。和普通农户相比，贫困户的家底薄，困难多，故而抵御风险的能力便更差。这些人家总像被一种无形的压力所逼迫，总处于束手束脚状态，将日子过得节俭而局促。针对这种情况，漆云良组织扶贫干部们讨论，商量对策。最终，他们决定先免费为贫困户发放种殖苗、养殖苗和化肥等物资，让他们有个良好的起步；而在农业种植期间，请专家来解决实际问题，进行专门的柑橘种植技术培训、电商销售培训，都是为了让农户能提高收入。<br /> <br /> Selling became extremely difficult because the mountainous area and winding roads resulted in inconvenient transportation and lack of information. Therefore, villagers work hard for a year, though they always reduced income despite rising output due to dull sale. Compared with ordinary farmer households, poor ones have low economic state and a large number of difficulties so their risk-resistance capacities are worse. Seemed like being forced by an invisible power, these poor farmer households are tied and only can live a frugal and cramped life. Qi Yunliang organized the cadres alleviating poverty to discuss how to deal with this situation. Finally, they decided to give out such free goods and materials as planting seedlings, breeding seedlings and chemical fertilizer for poor households to have a good beginning; during the farming, some experts were brought in to solve practical problems and trainned the households in specialized citrus cultivation techniques and e-commerce selling. The aim of these measures is to improve farmer households' income.<br /> <br /> <br /> Selling became even more difficult as located in mountain areas, winding roads resulted in traffic inconvenience and privation of necessary information. Though villagers worked hard for a year,<br /> higher input was not accompanied by a higher income owing to the dull sale. Compared with ordinary farmers, low income families struggled against poverty line and tons of challenges, so their risk-resistance capacities were weaker. Being forced by invisible pressure, these poor families were overcautious, living in frugalness and uneasiness. Aiming at this situation, Qi Yunliang organized a discussion with cadres of poverty alleviation to solve this problem and relevant suggestions .Finally, they have decided to give out seedlings, breeding seedlings, chemical fertilizers and other products to poor families for free, aiming to have a good start. During farming, experts were invited to solve practical problems and training in citrus cultivation techniques and e-commerce selling were all special designed to increase their incomes.<br /> <br /> ==== 肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin====<br /> <br /> 在漆云良绞尽脑汁为斜周村出谋划策时，他所倚靠的并非只是他个人的能量，还有整个东莞市的支持。为做好产业合作，推动招商引资和消费扶贫，东莞市做了很多有益探索。譬如，市里结合云南昭通市的现有资源，先后组织了30多批137家企业赴昭通考察，累计引导企业赴昭通开展产业项目127个，累计实际投资16.16亿元。这些举措立竿见影，带动了9781名贫困人口就业脱贫。东莞市还着力扩大消费扶贫规模——累计实际采购金额3.4亿元，带动贫困人口4.6万余人增收。漆云良在韶关市扶溪镇斜周村所做的努力，只是这个大背景中最具体、最细微的那点努力。然而，正是由于像他这样的扶贫干部，以自身努力挖掘出涓涓细流，最终，才汇聚成了一个如入海口般波澜壮阔的画面。<br /> <br /> When Qi Yunliang racked his brain to come up with solutions for Xiezhou Village, he relied not only on his energy, but also on the support of the entire city of Dongguan. Dongguan City has made a lot of rewarding explorations in order to better industrial cooperation, attract business and investment and alleviate poverty through consumption. For example, in combination with the available resources of Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province, Dongguan has organized more than 137 enterprises, devided into 30 groups in total, to visit Zhaotong, and guided enterprises to carry out 127 industrial projects, with a cumulative actual investment of 1.616 billion yuan. These measures had an immediate effect and helped 9,781 people get jobs and lift themselves out of poverty. Dongguan has also made great efforts to expand the scale of alleviating poverty through consumption with the accumulated actual purchase amount reaching 340 million yuan, driving more than 46,000 poor people to increase their incomes. The efforts made by Qi in Xiangzhou Village, Fuxi Town of Shaoguan City, were only the most specific and subtle efforts in the general background. However, it is precisely because of cadres of poverty alleviation like him, with their own efforts to dig up a trickle of water, can finally picture an image of shining streams converge into the sea magnificently.<br /> <br /> ==== 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 这一天，漆云良带着20只鸡和20只鹅，来到西坑村的刘文彬家。30岁出头的刘文彬个子挺高，体型偏瘦，皮肤偏白，眉眼秀气，嘴角总是挂着温和的笑容。他在短袖T恤外又套了件夹克<br /> 衫，牛仔裤下是双黄胶鞋；他的妻子张招桂是个体型偏瘦的女子，瓜子脸上有一双大眼睛。她上身穿着件白色黑条纹连帽衫，下身是黑裤子配黄胶鞋。在他家的院子里，摆放着三轮摩托车和摩托车；在屋外的铁丝上，吊挂着孩子们的袖珍小衣衫。这对勤快的年轻人，已是两个小孩的父母，但却让日子陷入捉衿见肘的状态。原来，男主人自丧失父母，由叔叔抚养长大。现在，56岁的叔叔和他们一起生活。对这对年轻夫妻来说，贫穷就像是一块暗伤，是不能随便揭开来看的，因为那行为会让自己感觉疼痛，也会让别人感觉尴尬。然而，面对漆书记，他们却敞开了心扉。两个人一年到头忙碌在柑橘园，然而柑橘的收入不稳定，有的年份好，有的年份差。两个孩子尚且年幼，而叔叔还需要供养，家里又没有外出打工者，故而这个家便一直挣扎在贫困中。<br /> <br /> This day, Qi Yunliang took 20 chickens and 20 geese to Liu Wenbin’s house in Xikeng Village. Liu Wenbin, aged in his early thirties, was tall and thin with white skin and shapely eyebrows and there was always a smile hanging on his lips. He wore a jacket over a T-shirt, and a pair of yellow rubber shoes under jeans. His wife, Zhang Zhaogui, was a thin woman with big eyes on her heart-shaped face, who wore a white hoodie with black stripes, black pants and yellow rubber shoes. There were a three-wheeled scooter and motorcycle in his yard; the children’s tiny clothes were hung on the wire outside the house. The hard-working young couple were already the parents of two small children, but they plunged themselves into poverty. It turned out that the man had lost his parents and was raised by his uncle. Now, the 56-year-old uncle lived with them. For this young couple, poverty was like a hidden wound that could not be opened up freely because it not only hurt themselves, but also embarrass others. However, they opened their heart to secretary Qi. They were busy all year round in the citrus orchard, but the income of it was not steady, which was good in some years and bad in others. With two young children, an uncle to support and no other workers, the family had struggled in poverty.<br /> <br /> ==== 谢茜敏 Xie Ximin====<br /> <br /> 漆云良边听边点头——显然，他们绝不是因为好吃懒做而变得贫穷的；显然，他们一直在努力寻找脱贫的方式方法。现在，他帮这户人家设计方案——丈夫主要干橘园里的重体力活，在山水间用心经营果园和鱼塘；妻子在家搞网上经营，通过建立微信群、微信空间、现场主播自家特色农产品等方式，形成一个固定的客户群。谈完了纸上的计划，漆云良并没有离开，反而戴上了白手套，和夫妻俩一起到橘园里去劳动。在这片貌似普通的园子里，栽种着1100棵贡柑和砂糖橘。这些树木显得郁郁葱葱，长势良好。站在柑橘树下，刘文彬说着自己的畅想——到2020年时，再种上800棵柑橘，再挖上三口鱼塘！<br /> <br /> Qi Yunliang listened and nodded -- Obviously, they were not poor because of laziness. Clearly, they have been trying to find a way out of poverty. He designed a plan for the family now-- the husband did the heavy manual labor of the orange orchard, managing the orchard and fish pond among the mountains and rivers. The wife conducted online business at home, and formed a fixed customer base by establishing wechat group, wechat space, live anchor of their own featured agricultural products. After discussing the plan on paper, Qi Yunliang did not leave. Instead, he put on white gloves and went to work with the couples in the orange orchard. In this ordinary-looking garden, 1,100 citrus and sugar orange trees were planted. The lush trees grew well. Standing under the citrus tree, Liu Wenbin said his dream of planting 800 citrus trees and digging three fishponds by 2020.<br /> <br /> ====谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou====<br /> <br /> 唉，2019年注定是不平凡的一年——上半年村里遭遇到洪涝，下半年又遭遇到干旱。望着那些个小皮厚的柑橘，贫困户们变得忧心忡忡；每一年，单是这些人家的柑橘就能产30万斤，而这也是除务工外最重要的收入来源。可今年的柑橘长成这模样，该咋办？这些外形差的柑橘，卖出的价格偏低。到了年底，又突遇新型冠状病毒肺炎的蔓延，致使柑橘大量滞销，让刘文彬家的损失也不小。为此，漆云良再次登门造访。他动员男主人先外出务工，让家里能保持一份稳定收入；其次，让妻子将孩子们妥善安置后，将主要精力用来侍弄果园，再利用闲暇时间搞网上销售。等销路稳定后，再让丈夫回家来扩大生产也不迟。刘文彬和妻子听了后，心悦诚服地点着头。<br /> It's a pity that 2019 is doomed to be an unfortunate year - the village suffered floods in the first half of the year and drought in the second half of the year. Looking at those small thick-skinned oranges, poor households became worried.Every year, the oranges of these families alone can produce 300000 jin, which is the most important source of income besides working in the city. But how should they sell these poorly shaped oranges? These oranges with poor appearance are sold at a low price. At the end of the year, Liu Wenbin's family suffered a lot from the sudden spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, which caused a large number of unsalable oranges. To this end, Qi Yunliang visited again. He mobilized the men in every family to go out to work first so that it could maintain a stable income.In addition, he suggested that after the children were properly settled, the wife should focus on taking care of the orchard, and then to do online sales in her spare time . After the market sales become stable, it is not too late to let the husband return home to expand production. After hearing this, Liu Wenbin and his wife nodded their heads sincerely.<br /> <br /> ==== 谢紫佳 Xie Zijia====<br /> <br /> 2020年元旦前后的两三个月，是斜周村最繁忙的季节——柑橘熟了！为帮助贫困户，连镇委书记都来到村里，亲自上阵搞销售。镇里发动有关单位的工会，按不低于市场的价格收购贫困户的滞销贡柑——500多箱贡柑，总价值接近7000元！为了销售，漆云良可谓绞尽脑汁。他不仅代表村里的贫困户，与仁化县乐村淘电子商务有限公司签订了农产品购销协议，还利用假期，发动东莞市樟木头社区卫生服务中心、东莞市凤岗镇卫生健康局、东莞市凤岗镇社区卫生服务中心、东莞市凤岗镇黄洞玉泉工业区的十余家企业购买贡柑、沙糖橘、大米和蜂蜜等农产品。<br /> <br /> The two or three mouths around New Year’s Day2020 is the busiest season in Xiezhuo Village-the oranges are ripe! To help poor households,even the town secretary came to the village and personally engaged in the sale. The town mobilized the unions of the relevant units to buy the poor households’ unsold tribute oranges at a price not lower than the market, with a total value of nearly 7,000 yuan! In order to sale, Qi Yunliang can be said racking his brain. He not only sighed a purchase and sale agreement with Renhua county LecunTao E-commerce Co., on behalf of the poor households in the village, but also used the holidays to mobilize more than ten enterprises in Dongguan Zhang Mutou Community Health Service Center, Dongguan fen gang Health Authority, Dongguan Feng gang Town Community Huangdong Yuquan Industrial Zone to buy agricultural products such as tangerines, sugar oranges, rice and honey.<br /> <br /> <br /> The two or three months around New Year’s Day 2020 is the busiest season in Xiezhuo Village—the oranges are ripe! To help poor households, even the town secretary came to the village and personally engaged in the sale. The town mobilized the unions of the relevant units to buy the poor households’ unsold tribute oranges at a price not lower than the market—more than 500 cases of the Citrus Gonggan, with a total value of nearly 7,000 yuan! In order to sell, Qi Yunliang can be said to be racking his brains. He not only signed a purchase and sale agreement with Renhua county LecunTao E-commerce Co., on behalf of the poor households in the village, but also used the holidays to mobilize more than ten enterprises in Dongguan Zhang Mutou Community Health Service Center, Dongguan Feng Gang Twon Health Authority, Dongguan Feng gang Town Community and Huangdong Yuquan Industrial Zone to buy agricultural products such as Citrus Gonggan, sugar oranges, rice and honey.<br /> <br /> ==== 熊丹 Xiong Dan====<br /> <br /> 聂池生虽然已近60多岁，但还是这个家里绝对的精神领袖。虽然他家已完成危房改造，获得了国家的4万元补助，但他家的问题还是不少。他家的主要收入靠贡柑和蜂蜜——虽然全家人吃苦熬夜且吹风淋雨，但最后，还会因为销路不畅而不增收。为帮扶老聂，漆云良把自己变成义务推销员，到处联系原单位的同事，自己的各路朋友，还有亲戚们，向他们推卸“货真价实的好东西”——蜂蜜。最终，老聂家的蜂蜜销售了13000元，贡柑销售了将近4万元，再加上村里分红的那1000多元，经济收入已达脱贫标准。<br /> <br /> <br /> Although Nie Chisheng is nearly 60 years old, he is still absolutely the spiritual leader of the family. Notwithstanding his dilapidated house has already been renovated and gained the national subsidy of 40000 yuan, his family still has many problems. His family’s income mainly depends on the Citrus gonggan and honey—although the whole family endured hardship, finally, they still have no income increased because of the poor sales. In order to help the eldest Nie, Qi Yunliang turned himself into a volunteer salesman. He contacted the colleagues of the former unit everywhere, his various friends and relatives, peddling the good things of “the genuine and price fair”—honey. In the end, the eldest Nie family’s honey was sold for 13000 yuan and the Citrus gonggan was sold for nearly 40000 yuan. Together with the village’s 1000 yuan dividend, its economic income has reached the poverty alleviation standard.<br /> <br /> ==== 徐思禹 Xu Siyu====<br /> <br /> 然而这样还不行！漆云良所担心的是，老聂家存在着返贫的可能。若想彻底摆脱贫困，这个家必须有个人在外务工才行。老聂的儿子聂玖文虽然干农活是一把好手，还会开拖拉机，但在一次事故中脖颈受伤，导致表达能力受损；儿媳刘秀清是个性格内向，沉默寡言，吝于言辞的女子，她满嘴的话好像都搁置在了舌尖上。漆云良多次鼓励刘秀清出门打工，但她总是以照料孩子为由，摇头再摇头。后来，漆云良联系到了一家胶合板厂，专门带着她去工厂见工。刘秀清在看了厂子和了解了待遇后，点头同意当工人。可是，在工厂做了三天半，她便回家了。“一个月能挣四千五，旱涝保收，可为啥就不做了呢？”漆云良再次找刘秀清谈心：“是觉得环境不好？还是觉得活儿太累？”然而，那儿媳妇除了低头不说话外，愣是不吭声。漆云良着急了，连忙去找老聂询问。搜肠刮肚地问了半天，老聂只是乜斜着他，说出来的话也云山雾罩，不明就里。漆云良陡然明白，刘秀清不适应工厂生活是一个原因，另一个原因恐怕是家里人不放心。<br /> <br /> But all of these were still not enough! What worried Qi Yunliang was that there’s still possibility that the Nies would slip back into poverty. If they wanted to be free from poverty for good, one of them must go out to find a job. Nie Jiuwen, the Senior Nie’s son, was good at agricultural work and had the ability to use a tractor, but he couldn’t express himself clearly since he hurt his neck in an accident; Liu Xiuqing, the Senior Nie’s daughter-in-law, was introverted, reticent, and shy of words. Her words seemed to be on the tip of her tongue. Qi Yunliang had encouraged Liu Xiuqing to go out to work, but she always declined on the grounds that she had to take care of her child. Later on, Qi Yunliang made contact with a plywood factory, and he took her there. Liu Xiuqing agreed to be a worker there after visiting the factory and understanding the welfares. Three and half days later, however, Liu Xiuqing quitted. “You can earn 4,500 yuan every month under any circumstances. Why did you quit?” Qi Yunliang talked to Liu Xiuqing, “Is it because the surroundings or the work is too much?” Liu Xiuqing, however, stood there not uttering a single word with her head low. Qi Yunliang became worried and he went to ask the Senior Nie. Qi Yunliang had racked his brains, but the Senior Nie only squinted at him and said ambivalent things. It struck him that her having trouble adapting to the factory was one reason, and her family’s worried were another reason.<br /> <br /> But all of these were still not enough. What worried Qi Yunliang was that the Nies was likely to slip back into poverty. If they wanted to be free from poverty for good, one of them must go out to find a job. Nie Jiuwen, Old Nie’s son, was good at agricultural work and was able to operate a tractor, but he couldn’t express himself clearly since he hurt himself on the neck in an accident. Liu Xiuqing, Old Nie’s daughter-in-law, was introverted, reticent, and shy of words. She was so reserved that one couldn't see her tongue when she talked. Qi Yunliang had encouraged Liu Xiuqing to go out to work, but she always declined on the grounds that she had to take care of her children. Later, Qi Yunliang made contact with a plywood factory, and he took her there. Liu Xiuqing agreed to be a worker there after visiting the factory and knowing the salary. Three and half days later, however, Liu Xiuqing returned home. &quot;You can earn 4,500 yuan per month under any circumstances. Why did you quit?&quot; Qi Yunliang talked to Liu Xiuqing again, “Is it because the condition there is poor or the work is too much?&quot; Liu Xiuqing, however, kept her head down but uttered no word. Qi Yunliang became anxious and he went to ask Old Nie. Qi Yunliang had racked his brains to find a reason, but Old Nie, avoiding eye contact with him, didn't say something clearly. It struck Qi Yunliang that except that Liu Xiuqing was uncomfortable with life in the factory, she had concerned that her family would feel worried about leaving her work alone there.<br /> <br /> ==== 颜琦 Yan Qi ====<br /> <br /> 现在，这个家里有四个大人，可全都守着橘园和蜂蜜，虽然能解决一时的生活困难，可很难做到彻底脱贫。但他也理解老聂的担忧——别人家外出打工的，多是青壮年男子，可他家儿子语言交流有困难，便很难找到工作；即便找到了，能干多久还是个问题；可若让儿媳去外地打工，老聂既害怕村里人嚼舌头根，说让女人出门打工，又害怕儿媳妇在外面有了见识，会嫌弃自己的丈夫。怎么才能解开这个死结？总不能一直这样僵下去？漆云良虽然皱起了眉头，但他却并不泄气。他想，办法总是会有的，但需要耐心等待，多方寻找。经过打听，他获悉刘秀清的姐姐在东莞市的桥头镇工作，而且干得还相当不错，便和这位姐姐加了微信。当他提出让姐姐劝说妹妹出门打工时，姐姐爽快地答应了。他兴奋地再次来到老聂家：“你看，有姐姐做监护人，你们还怕什么！要不，让儿子也一起出门，这样就更放心啦！”老聂听了这个建议后，脸上浮起了温和的笑容。<br /> <br /> Now, there were four grown-up families who all worked in the orange orchard and the apiary. Although they helped to deal with life challenges temporarily, it was difficult to get rid of poverty. However, he understood Old Nie's concern in that most of the migrant workers are young or middle-aged men, but Nie's son felt hindered by language communication, so it's difficult for him to get employed. Even if he managed to secure a job, he might get fired quickly. If his daughter-in-law went to work alone in the big city, Old Nie was afraid that that would bring villagers' gossip. The second worry is that his daughter-in-law may think her husband was no good for her if she lived better lives outside home. The problem is how to break the log jam. The status quo is not ok either. Qi Yunliang frowned, but he didn't give up. He thought he can find a solution, but only need to wait patiently and try any possible way. After inquiring, Qi Yunliang learned that Liu Xiuqing's sister worked in Qiaotou Town, Dongguan City and she performed quite well at work, so he added her sister in Wechat. When Qi Yunliang asked whether her sister was willing to persuade Liu Xiuqing to go out to work, she agreed quickly. He comes to Old Nie's home again excitedly: &quot;Now, you have the elder sister to take care of her, what are you still afraid of? Otherwise, let your son accompany her, so you will be more assured! Old Nie smiled upon hearing the advice.<br /> <br /> ==== 杨思吟 Yang Siyin====<br /> <br /> 在漆云良的笔记本上，出现频率最高的一行字便是——“真脱贫，脱真贫，不返贫”。他知道，这句话说起来容易做起来难。在斜周村住的的时间越久，他便越了解村里人的所思所想。他发现，有时候，让人们困囿在贫穷陷阱里的，不仅仅是因为物质基础太差，还有多年养成的保守思维在作祟方式。村里人大多知根知底，相互之间非常熟络，这既让乡村能保持一种良好的互助关系，但同时，也会形成一种特别在意别人看法的习惯。大家做事情，都喜欢左瞧瞧右看看，不愿太冒尖，也不愿有创新。若想破除旧习，迈出变革的第一步，就像火车要开始“咣当咣当”朝前走时，车轮要奋力地向前一滚。那一滚，得格外地使点力气才行。在漆云良看来，要想真正地了解贫困户，便要对人性的全面性有所理解。有时候，有些人的决定没有特别的对与错，他们只是在和环境的交锋中保持一种平衡。当外部条件发生改变时，他们也会适时地调整自己。<br /> <br /> In Qi Yunliang’s notebook, these words, ending poverty and avoiding poverty-returning, occurred most frequently. He knew that it was easier said than done. He had a clearer understanding of villagers’ thinking, with the passing of time staying in Xiezhou village. He found that the reason why the residents were mired in the trap— poverty— was not only their extremely poor material basis, but also their conservative mind formed over many years. Knowing each other’s background helped villagers maintain a favorable interrelationship, but also develop a habit of paying too much attention to how others look at them. When work, they would look around to check others’ actions and they are unwilling to take the lead and deliver innovative responses. If we want to broke this left-behind thinking, the first step towards transformation is like the wheels rolling forward with great efforts when the train begins to roar down the line. That rolling requires extra driving force. Qi Yunliang believes that to have a better understanding families with financial difficulties needs to understand the comprehensiveness of human nature. Sometimes, people will not distinguish between right decisions and wrong ones, they just keep a balance with the surrounding environment. Thus, they will adapt their actions in accordance with the changing external conditions.<br /> <br /> ==== 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei====<br /> <br /> <br /> 那一天，当漆云良来到刘贵棠家时，整个身子被定住了，简直卖不开步子——和他到刘培宗家时看到那间黑魆魆如洞穴的老屋相反，眼前的这栋屋子着实漂亮！两层半的红砖房有模有样地挺立着，整个外墙全部都贴了瓷砖，在阳光下熠熠闪光。漆云良左看右看，欢喜得合不拢嘴。进到屋内，他便对男主人说:“你现在啊，简直算得上贫困户里的地主！”刘贵棠是西坑村小组的组长，是1969年生人，身量适中，体型偏瘦，双眼里闪着精明的亮光。即便他是组长，即便含辛茹苦地经营，但他的日子却没有彻底离开那个“穷”字。<br /> <br /> That day when Qi Yunliang came to Liu Guitang’s home, he was astonished by the house and stood there still and couldn’t move forward. Contrary to Liu Peizong’s old house as dark as a cave which he saw before, the house in front of him was really beautiful. This two-and-a-half-storey floor building made of red bricks stood there. The exterior walls were installed with ceramic tiles, glistening in the sunshine. Qi Yunliang looked around, grinning from ear to ear. Walking into the room, he said to the owner, ”Now, you are virtually the landlord among needy families!” Liu Guitang was the Xikeng Village group leader. He was born in 1969 and was of medium height and had a thinner figure, with shrewd eyes. Although he was the group leader and underwent all sorts of hardships to manage, his life cannot totally get rid of the word “poverty”. <br /> <br /> That day when Qi Yunliang came to Liu Guitang’s house, he was astonished by the house and stood there still and couldn’t move forward. contrary to the old house he saw when he went to Liu Peizong's house, the house in front of him was really beautiful. This two-and-a-half-storey floor building made of red bricks stood there. The exterior walls were installed with ceramic tiles, glistening in the sunshine. Qi Yunliang looked around, grinning from ear to ear. Walking into the room, he said to the owner, ”Now, you are virtually the landlord among needy families!” Liu Guitang was the Xikeng Village group leader. He was born in 1969 and was of medium height and had a thinner figure, with shrewd eyes. Although he was the group leader and underwent all sorts of hardships to manage, his life cannot totally get rid of the word “poverty”. <br /> <br /> 原来，这个家是被两个孩子的学费拖垮的——女儿在读大学，儿子在读技校——每年5万块的学费加生活费，就像是一把大铁铲，左铲铲右铲铲，愣是把整个家都块铲平了。因为没有余钱，他家此前一直住在破旧不堪的老房子里，又黑又潮。那时，漆云良总是苦口婆心地劝他：“你是组长，要比别的贫困户更往前走一点啊。”后来，刘贵棠咬牙盖起了这栋屋子，令整个乡亲们都大吃一惊。<br /> <br /> As it turned out, this family was dragged down by school fees of two children. His daughter studied in collage and his son in technical school. The tuition fees and living expenses amounted to 50,000 yuan per year, just like a big iron spade, almost leveling the family. They lived in a dilapidated house before that is dark and damp, because of no spare money. Back then, Qi Yunliang always earnestly advised him, ”You are our group leader and should set an example for other poor families.” Later, Liu Guitang clenched his teeth and built this house, which amazed all the villagers.<br /> <br /> It turned out that the family was dragged down by the tuition fees of the two children. His daughter studied in collage and his son in technical school. The tuition fees and living expenses amounted to 50,000 yuan per year, just like a big iron spade, almost leveling the family. They lived in a dilapidated house before that is dark and damp, because of no spare money. Back then, Qi Yunliang always earnestly advised him, ”You are our group leader and should set an example for other poor families.” Later, Liu Guitang clenched his teeth and built this house, which amazed all the villagers.<br /> <br /> ==== 余海铭 Yu Haiming====<br /> <br /> 为了帮助刘贵棠尽快脱贫，漆云良也是绞尽脑汁地想办法。当他代表刘贵棠与仁化县乐村淘电子商务有限公司签订销售协议时，刘贵棠的心里还七上八下的——让公司来销售，行吗？然而，等公司将他的2万余斤葡萄柚全部销售出去，让他有了近5万的收益时，他才觉得“漆书记干得真不错！”那电子商务公司很会做营销——别处的葡萄柚只能卖到1.2元一斤，可刘贵棠家的卖到了2元，甚至最高时还到2.5元。等全部葡萄柚都销售一空后，公司销售员还打来电话：“还有没有货？最好能再发几千箱过来啊！”村里要拍个宣传农产品的小视频，漆云良便选了刘贵棠做代表。<br /> In order to help Liu Guitang get out of poverty as soon as possible, Qi Yunliang tried his best to think of ways. When he signed a sales agreement with Renhua county Lecun Tao E-commerce limited company on behalf of Liu Guitang, Liu Guitang's heart was still in doubt - let the company to sell,OK? However, when the company sold all of his 20,000 pounds of grapefruit, giving him a profit of nearly 50,000, he thought, &quot;Secretary Qi is doing a great job!&quot; The e-commerce company is good at marketing - the grapefruits elsewhere can only be sold for 1.2 yuan per jin, but Liu Guitang's were sold for 2 yuan, and even as high as 2.5 yuan. After all the grapefruits were sold out, the company salesman even called: &quot;Is there any more goods? We'd better send a few thousand boxes over!&quot; The village wanted to make a small video to promote agricultural products, so Qi Yunliang chose Liu Guitang as his representative. <br /> <br /> In order to help Liu Guitang get out of poverty as soon as possible, Qi Yunliang tried his best to think of ways. When he signed a sales agreement with Renhua county Lecun Tao E-commerce limited company on behalf of Liu Guitang, Liu Guitang's heart was still in doubt - Will it be okay to let the company sell? However, when the company sold all of his over 20,000 pounds of grapefruit, giving him a profit of nearly 50,000 yuan, he thought, &quot;Secretary Qi did a great job!&quot; The e-commerce company is good at marketing - the grapefruits elsewhere can only be sold for 1.2 yuan per jin, but Liu Guitang's were sold for 2 yuan per jin, and even as high as 2.5 yuan per jin. After all the grapefruits were sold out, the company salesman even called to him: &quot;Is there any more grapefruits? You'd better send a few thousand boxes over again!&quot; The village wanted to make a short video to promote agricultural products, so Qi Yunliang chose Liu Guitang as the representative. <br /> <br /> 面对镜头，这个往日颇显自卑的男人，如今绽放出灿烂的笑容，两双眼睛像通了电般放射出异样光彩。他说他家现有600棵葡萄柚、100棵沙糖橘和50棵茶子柑，“明年，我还要扩大葡萄柚的种植面积！”现在，在建起新房后，他家已获得国家的4万元补助。他的女儿大学毕业后在深圳工作，每月有五千元收入；儿子即将大专毕业，很快便会有收入。这家人的日子已度过了最难的阶段，像火车驶出了第一米， 之后，便“哐当哐当”努力向前便可。<br /> Facing the camera, this man, who used to be quite self-abasement, now has a bright smile and his eyes radiating a different light as if they were electrified. He said his family now has 600 grapefruits, 100 sugar orange and 50 tea citrus, &quot;next year, I am going to grow more grapefruit!&quot; Now, after building a new house, his family has received a subsidy of 40,000 yuan from the state. His daughter is working in Shenzhen after graduating from college and earns 5,000 yuan a month; his son is about to graduate from college and will soon have an income. The family's life has passed the most difficult stage, like a train driving out the first meter, after that, they can just &quot;chug chug&quot; and try to move forward.<br /> <br /> Facing the camera, this man, who used to be quite self-abased, now has a bright smile with eyes radiating a different light as if they were electrified. He said that his family now had 600 grapefruits, 100 sugar oranges and 50 tea citrus, &quot;Next year I am going to grow more grapefruit!&quot; Now, after building a new house, his family has received a subsidy of 40,000 yuan from the government. His daughter is working in Shenzhen after graduating from college and earns 5,000 yuan a month; his son is about to graduate from junior college and will soon start to make money. The family's life has passed the most difficult times, like a train driving out the first meter, after that, they can just &quot;chug chug&quot; and try to move forward.<br /> <br /> == Part 25 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 曾晨 Zeng Chen====<br /> <br /> <br /> 听诊器、太极拳和戴口罩<br /> <br /> 2019年11月6日是个星期三。这天上午，漆云良出现在扶溪镇卫生院，开始坐诊看病——咦，“漆书记”是怎么变成“漆医生”的？原来，当漆云良了解到镇卫生院不仅缺少医务人员，且中医馆业务处于停滞状态，便想到在这里坐诊。在县卫生健康局的支持下，他办理了医师多地点执业注册手续。在坐诊期间，他还收了卫生院20岁的李海龙和26岁的刘艳芬做学生。他知道自己在这里工作的时间是有期限的，所以，“授人以鱼，不如授人以渔”。他想通过“传帮带”的方式，把自己的医术留在这里。两个学生跟着他，一边学习医学解剖、病理、药理等知识，一边提升临床诊疗能力，掌握了灸针、火罐、艾灸、放血等技术。<br /> <br /> The day November sixth, 2019 was a Wednesday. At that morning, Qi Yunliang showed up at the Fuxi Village health clinic and started treating patients. Well, how have the Secretary Qi become the Doctor Qi? It turns out that he thought about providing medical service as he learned that not only the clinic were lack of medical staff but also the Tradtional Chinese Medicine Center had suspended for a long time. With the support of the County Department of Health, he finished procedures for multi-locations occupational registration of physicians. When he practiced as a health experts, he also taught the 20-year-old Li Hailong and 26-year-old Liu Yanfen at the Health Clinic. He knew that he would not work here forever so that he wanted to leave his medical methods here through inheritance, as teaching a man to fish is better than giving him fish. His two students learned from him theories like medical anatomy, pathology, pharmacology and so on. Besides, they improved clinical medical and treatment ability and mastered acupuncture, cupping therapy, moxibustion and bloodletting skills.<br /> <br /> ==== 张海珊 Zhang Haishan====<br /> <br /> 漆云良坐诊的消息一经传开，镇里的患者便慕名而来。有一天，斜周村的贫困户蔡新华带着妻子挂了漆云良的号，想请他为受癫痫折磨的妻子看一看。在经过几个疗程的治疗后，妻子有了明显的好转。他感动地说：“在家门口就能让名医来看病，真好！”漆云良的名气就这样被口口相传了出去，以致每到周三，等在医院里的患者就会排起长队。他从村里出发时是早晨7点半，而从8点半开始接诊，他便没有松懈的时候。一个上午，他能治疗20多个病人。<br /> <br /> As soon as the news that Qi Yunliang had started to see patients spread, patients from the town came to him. One day, Cai Xinhua, a poor villager from Xiezhou village, took his wife who was suffering from epilepsy to see doctor Qi. After a few sessions of treatment, his wife was getting better significantly. He said gratefully, &quot;How great to have a good doctor at your doorstep!&quot; Qi Yunliang's reputation was spread by word of mouth. Since then, there was a long line of patients waiting at the hospital every Wednesday. Doctor Qi left the village at 7:30 am., and he had no time to rest since he stared to see patients at 8 am.. He can treat more than 20 patients in one morning.<br /> <br /> As soon as the news that Qi Yunliang had started to see patients spreads, patients in the town came to visit him. One day, Cai Xinhua, a poor villager from Xiezhou village, took his wife who was suffered from epilepsy to see doctor Qi. After several courses of treatment, his wife was getting better significantly. He said gratefully, &quot;It is so great to have a good doctor at our doorstep!&quot; In this way, Qi Yunliang's reputation was spread by word of mouth. Since then, there would be a long line of patients waiting at the hospital every Wednesday. Doctor Qi left the village at 7:30 am and had no time to rest since he stared to see patients at 8 am. He can treat more than 20 patients one morning.<br /> <br /> ==== 张珂珂 Zhang Keke====<br /> <br /> 中医看病比较麻烦，望、闻、问、切的时间比较长；再加上漆云良是那种绝对认真、绝对负责的性格，故而过了12点半还没结束，常常错过了饭点。他对学生们语重心长：“老百姓信任我，我就要对得起他们啊。”截止到2020年4月，漆云良已为包括贫困户在内的两百多名患者诊治，深受大家的好评。人们纷纷到镇卫生院找漆云良看病，和村里卫生站条件差有关。就拿斜周村卫生站来说，站里只有一位乡村医生，名叫刘娟红。平日里，她是一边干农活一边行医。村民若有头疼脑热找到卫生所时，大门多数时是紧闭的。他们会等到休息时间，去刘娟红的家里看病拿药。<br /> <br /> It is troublesome for Chinese doctors to see patients because they need to spend so long on observation, listening, interrogation and pulse-taking. In addition, Qi Yunliang is so serious and responsible that he often misses the meal. He always says sincerely to the students: &quot;The public trust me and I must be worthy of them.&quot; By April 2020, Qi Yunliang has treated more than 200 patients, including the poorest, and won a good reputation. People all see a doctor in the town hospital because the village clinics have poor conditions. Taking Xiangzhou Village clinics for example, there is only one village doctor here, named Liu Juanhong. She always sees patients as she works. When villagers aren’t feeling well and come to the clinic, the door is mostly closed. They would wait until the breaktime and then get medicine at Liu Juanhong’s home.<br /> <br /> ==== 周子豪 Zhou Zihao====<br /> <br /> <br /> 卫生所的收入非常有限，靠着省财政每年补助的2万元，才勉强维持下来。乡村医生的收入也非常有限，所以还要靠种地来维持生计。了解到这个情况后，漆云良觉得苛责乡村医生是不切实际的，但他会时常找刘娟红谈心，鼓励她：“如果以前，行医和务农的比例是四六开，现在要争取是六四开啊！要保证小病和高血压、糖尿病这类慢性病在村里就能医治啊！”<br /> 在精准扶贫这项大工程中，干部们慢慢摸索出了门道——产业扶贫是重中之重，急中之急，要首先抓好抓实；然而，要想让贫困户不返贫、真脱贫，还要将卫生和教育两大重点抓起来。卫生直接指涉村民的健康——只有身体保持健康，才能有在田里劳动和出门打工的资本，才不致被大病拖垮；而教育会让一个家有后续力量，不让贫困代代相传，让这个家真正实现“鲤鱼跃龙门”的嬗变。在2020年年初，当漆云良了解到整个东莞市在2019年在卫生和教育上扶贫举措时，愈发增添了自信——“我的做法没有错！”<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan ====<br /> <br /> 原来，东莞市在对韶关和揭阳两市的扶贫中，投入了大量的资金和人才，已取得显著效果；同时，东莞市对云南昭通市的扶贫，也令世人瞩目。从2016年到2019年，东莞市累计使用财政援助资金在昭通市开展安居房、教育、卫生等项目679个——建成281个卫生室，新建2所小学，完成1496户房屋建设和配套设施建设，援建贫困村内道路89.9公里，为15426户贫困户实施了饮水安全改善工程；除资金帮扶外，东莞市还派驻了专业人才进行帮扶——累计派出26名挂职干部，专业人才244人次，其中老师83人次、医生121人次；发动东莞43所学校、24家医院参与结对帮扶昭通38所学校、20家医院；在完成了常规动作的帮扶外，东莞市还创新地开展职业教育帮扶，有效扩大劳务输出规模——招收3批次昭通籍学生共4161人在东莞市职业学校免费就读，毕业后推荐就业，真正做到隔断代际贫困；帮助昭通贫困劳动力转移就业9.48万人，其中转移到广东省2.84万人，就近就业4.9万人。<br /> <br /> Thanks to the investment of a great amount of funds and talents from Dongguan city to Shaoguan city and Jieyang city, great progress has been made in poverty alleviation in these two cities. What’s more, the achievements of the cause to lift Zhaotong city out of poverty has attracted the wold’s attention. From 2016 to 2019, Dongguan city has used financial assistance funds to carry out 679 projects involving housing, education, health in Zhaotong city. Thanks to these efforts, 281 medical rooms, 2 new primary schools, 1,496 houses and supporting facilities, and 89.9 kilometers of roads were constructed in poor villages. And a project to improve drinking water safety was carried out for 15,426 poor households. Besides these endeavors, Dongguan city also dispatched professional personnel including 26 temporary cadres and 244 professionals who are 83 teachers and 121 doctors to take part in the poverty alleviation. The city also mobilized 43 schools and 24 hospitals to help 38 schools and 20 hospitals in Zhaotong in pairs. In addition to providing regular assistance, Dongguan city also took an innovative approach to provide vocational education assistance to effectively expand the scale of local labor export. 4,161 students from Zhaotong in 3 batches were enrolled to study in Dongguan vocational schools for free, and they would be recommended for employment after graduation, which leads to the absolute elimination of inter-generational poverty. The vocational education helped 94,800 impoverished labors in Zhaotong to find jobs, 28,400 of whom worked in Guangdong province and 49,000 worked in nearby areas.<br /> <br /> Up to now, great progress has been made in poverty alleviation in Shaoguan and Jieyang, which have received the a great amount of funds and talents from Dongguan city in the process of paired assistance. What’s more, the cause to lift Zhaotong in Yunnan Province out of poverty has attracted the wold’s attention. From 2016 to 2019, Dongguan has utilized financial aid funds to carry out 679 projects involving housing, education, health in Zhaotong. Thanks to these efforts, 281 medical rooms, 2 new primary schools, 1,496 houses and supporting facilities, and 89.9 kilometers of roads were constructed in poor villages. And a project to improve drinking water safety was carried out for 15,426 poor households. Besides these endeavors, Dongguan also dispatched professional personnel including 26 temporary cadres and 244 professionals consisting of 83 teachers and 121 doctors for poverty alleviation. The government also mobilized 43 schools and 24 hospitals to help 38 schools and 20 hospitals in Zhaotong in pairs. In addition to regular assistance, Dongguan also took an innovative approach to promote vocational education so as to effectively expand the scale of local labor export. 4,161 students from Zhaotong in 3 batches were enrolled in vocational schools in Dongguan for free, who would be recommended for employment after graduation, which makes efforts to the absolute elimination of inter-generational poverty. The vocational education helped 94,800 impoverished labors in Zhaotong to find jobs outside their hometowns, 28,400 of whom worked in Guangdong province and 49,000 worked in surrounding areas.<br /> <br /> ==== 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi ====<br /> <br /> 如果说那个时候——当他下乡的第一天——他随身携带着听诊器和血压计是一种医生的本能，可在村里住的越久，他越发感觉卫生和教育的重要性，一点不亚于产业。若产业扶贫是救助一个人的头部，那针对卫生和教育的扶贫，便是救助一个人的左右两臂。返回凤岗后，当漆云良和自己曾经的同事聊天时说起“经常在田间地头就开起了药方”时，对方张大了嘴巴；当他说自己已经学会采撷灵芝，养殖蜂蜜，捕鱼捉虾，抛秧插种，施肥洒药时，对方的嘴巴简直可以吞下一头河马。“只有和贫困户们一起劳动过，你才能真正地理解他们，他们也才会和你说真心话！”现在，当他骑着摩托车奔驰在乡村小路时，就像农民下地要拿着锄头般，包里一定装着笔记本、血压计和听诊器。<br /> <br /> If it is out of a doctor's instinct that he carried a stethoscope and a blood pressure monitor on his first day in the country, while as days accumulated, he increasingly felt that health and education were no less important than industry. If the poverty- alleviation by supporting industries is a rescue for one’s head, then the poverty-alleviation aiming at health and education will be a rescue for one’s arms. After returning to Fenggang, when Qi Yunliang told his former colleague that he always prescribed villagers drugs on the fields, the man opened his mouth wide in shock. When Qi said he had already learned to gather ganoderma lucidum, to keep bees for honey, to catch fish and shrimp, to plant rice seedlings, to fertilize and spray pesticide, the man looked even more shocked whose mouth seemed to be able to swallow a hippo. “Only by working with poor households can you truly understand them and will they tell you the truth!” Now, there must be a notebook, a blood pressure monitor and a stethoscope in the bag when he rides his motorcycle running along the country road, just like a farmer going to the field with a hoe.<br /> <br /> ==== 张婷 Zhang Ting====<br /> <br /> 现在，当他出现在村里时，有一种如鱼得水的自在。现在的他，和第一天来到村里的他已完全不同。在走出医院办公室的最初阶段，他感觉浑身不自在，觉得生活丧失了朝九晚五的规律性，所有的事情都像蛛网般混杂一片；而现在，他已完全适应了这种新的生活，并在其中找到了新的规律和新的方法。现在，他骑摩托车的技术愈发娴熟，脸庞也愈发黝黑，对贫困户的理解也愈发深入。天地如此广袤辽阔，其深奥和复杂，远非局限在医院办公室的人所能了解。现在，他的生活依旧是早起晨读和晨跑，然而，当他晨跑时，路上所见的无论是大人或小孩，都会亲切地打招呼：“漆书记早！”若是周末的傍晚，看到村委的灯还亮着，便会有人来招呼他：“漆书记，来我家喝茶！”<br /> <br /> Now, when he appears in the village, he feels comfortable as a fish in water. He is now a completely different person compared with who arrived at the village at the first time. In the initial stage when he stepped out of the hospital office, he felt uncomfortable and that life had lost its regularity from 9a.m to 5p.m and everything was mixed up like a spider's web; but now he has completely adapted to this new life and has found a new routine and a new approach of living. Now, he is getting more and more skillful on his motorcycle, his face is getting darker, and his understanding of poor households is getting deeper. The heavens and the earth are so vast and wide, whose depth and complexity are far beyond the understanding of those confined to a hospital office. Now, his life still consists of early morning reading and morning running, however, when he runs in the morning, all the people he sees on the road, whether adults or children, will greet him affectionately: &quot;Good morning, Secretary Qi!&quot; On weekend evenings, when the lights of the village committee are still on, someone will come to greet him: &quot;Secretary Qi, why not come to my house for a cup of tea!&quot;<br /> <br /> Now, when he appears in the village, he feels comfortable as a fish in water. He is now a completely different person compared with who arrived at the village at the first time. In the initial stage when he stepped out of the hospital office, he felt uncomfortable and that life had lost its regularity of working from 9a.m to 5p.m and everything was mixed up like a spider's web; but now he has completely adapted to this new life and has found a new routine and a new approach of living. Now, he is getting more and more skillful on his motorcycle, his face is getting darker, and his understanding of poor households is getting deeper. The field in the village are so vast and wide, whose depth and complexity are far beyond the understanding of those confined to a hospital office. Now, his life still consists of early morning reading and running, however, when he runs in the morning, all the people he sees on the road, no matter adults or children, will greet him affectionately: &quot;Good morning, Secretary Qi!&quot; On weekend evenings, when the lights of the village committee are still on, there must be someone to greet him: &quot;Secretary Qi, why not come to my house for a cup of tea!&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== 张思诗 Zhang Sishi====<br /> <br /> 事实上，这种亲密无间的关系，并非一蹴而就，而是靠一天天的情感积累，最终铸就而成的。那一天他记得很清楚——2019年9月27日——和往常一样，他在晨读后出门跑步。从村委出发，他朝3公里外的小枧坑村跑去。跑在半路上时，耳畔传来急促的呼喊声——“漆书记！漆书记！”当他停下脚步后，身旁便戛然停住了一辆摩托车。原来，车主是贫困户李润明。当他用急切的语气说了一通话后，漆云良即刻点点头：“你先骑车回去，我马上跑步到！”原来，李润明82岁的老父亲腿疼得直哼哼，晚上都睡不着觉，可老人家五天前刚刚从仁化县人民医院出院回到家。10分钟后，当漆云良来到李家后，李父已坐在床上等待着。<br /> <br /> In fact, this intimate relationship did not happen overnight, but was forged eventually by the accumulation of emotions day by day. He remembers that day very well - 27 September 2019 - and as usual, he went out for a run after his morning reading. From the village committee, he ran towards Xiao San Hang village, 3km away. Halfway of the run, urgent shouts came from his ears - &quot;Secretary Qi! Secretary Qi!&quot; When he stopped, a motorbike came to a screeching halt beside him. The owner turned out to be Li Runming, a poor household member. When he spoke in an eager tone, Li nodded: &quot;Go back by your bike first, I'll be there soon!&quot; The deal is that Li’s 82-year-old father was plagued by leg hurt, but he had been discharged from Renhua County People's Hospital just five days ago. Ten minutes later when Qi arrived, Li’s father was waiting in bed.<br /> <br /> In fact, this intimate relationship did not happen overnight, but was forged eventually by the accumulation of emotions day by day. He remembers that day very well - 27 September 2019 - and as usual, he went out for a run after his morning reading. From the village committee, he ran towards Xiao San Hang village, 3km away. Halfway of the run, urgent shouts came from his ears - &quot;Secretary Qi! Secretary Qi!&quot; When he stopped, a motorbike came to a screeching halt beside him. The owner turned out to be Li Runming, a poor household member. When he spoke in an eager tone, Li nodded: &quot;Go back by your bike first, I'll be there soon!&quot; The deal is that Li’s 82-year-old father was plagued by leg hurt, but he had been discharged from Renhua County People's Hospital just five days ago. Ten minutes later when Qi arrived, Li’s father was waiting in bed.<br /> <br /> ==== 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei ====<br /> <br /> 一看到病人，漆云良便即刻转换了角色，从“漆书记”变成了“漆医生”。他先询问了老人的病史，又查阅了病历资料，再检查老人的左膝关节，仔细观察舌、脉二象。原来，老人已患有糖尿病、高血压、痛风性关节炎和高脂血症等多种疾病，但在5天前出院后，他每天都要抽两包烟，所以引发左膝关节肿疼，继而导致睡眠质量差。他即刻劝说老人要戒烟，看到对方面露难色，他便又婉言劝解：“那至少，服药期间不能再抽了啊。”老人随机笑逐颜开，不断点头。<br /> 根据老人病情，他当即开了相应的中药处方，并让儿子注意老人的饮食要保持清淡，不能抽烟和喝酒，且不宜过多走动。临走时，他再三叮嘱老人：“要是哪里不舒服，让儿子赶快给我打电话！”老人频频说着“感谢”，并往他的手里塞了个红包。漆云良像是碰到烙铁般被烫了一下，赶忙把红包塞回去：“不用！不用！真的不用！”<br /> <br /> Once Qi Yunliang saw the patient, he changed his character from secretary Qi to doctor Qi. First he learnt about the case history from the old man’s mouth and document, and check up his left knee joint, then his tongue and pulse. It turned out that the elderly had suffered from diabetes, hypertension, gouty arthritis, hyperlipidemia and other diseases. But before he left hospital which was 5 days before, he smoked 2 packs of cigarette a day which caused swelling and pain of the left knee joint, then bad sleeping. He persuaded the elderly to quit smoking at once, but gave another gentle advice “please at least don’t smoke while you are taking medicine.” after seeing unpleasure impression on his face. The elderly laughed and nodded. According to the old man's condition, he immediately prescribed corresponding Chinese medicine and asked his son to pay attention to keeping the old man's diet light, don’t smoke or drink, and don’t walk much.<br /> Before leaving, he repeatedly told the old man “ if you don’t feel well, just let your son call me in no time!” The old man kept saying &quot;thank you&quot; and put a red envelope in his hand. Qi Yunliang was burned like a soldering iron, and hurriedly put the red envelope back: &quot;No! No! Really!&quot;<br /> <br /> Once Qi Yunliang saw the patient, he changed his title from Secretary Qi to Doctor Qi. First, he learned about the patient's case history from the old man's words and health documents. He checked his left knee joint, then his tongue, and pulse. It turned out that the old man had suffered from diabetes, hypertension, gout, arthritis, hyperlipidemia, and other diseases. But after being discharged from the hospital, which was five days ago, he smoked two packs of cigarettes every day which caused swelling, pain in the left knee joint, and little sleep. He pressed the old man to quit smoking immediately, but then, after seeing the displeasure on his face, offered gentler advice to at least stop smoking while taking medicine. The old man laughed and nodded. In light of the old man's condition, he immediately prescribed the appropriate Chinese medicine and asked his son to pay attention to keep the old man's diet light, not to smoke or drink, and not to walk too much. Before leaving, he told the old man again, &quot;If you don't feel well, let your son call me immediately!&quot; The old man kept saying &quot;thank you&quot; and put a red envelope in his hand. Qi Yunliang, as if burned by a soldering iron, hurriedly gave the red envelope back. &quot;No! No! Really!&quot; -BW<br /> <br /> ==== Wellsand, Benjamin ====<br /> <br /> 李润明家共6口人——李润明夫妻、父母及两个孩子。导致他家致贫的原因是因病因学——八旬老父体弱多病，经常住院；20岁的儿子在广州读技校，一年的学费和生活费三四万不止；8岁的女儿读小学二年级，正是长身体之时。全家的生计，全指望那500棵贡柑和730棵沙糖橘的收入。前两年，李润明咬牙建起了一座水泥平房，获得了国家补助的4万元，但生活还没有彻底脱贫。针对他家情况，漆云良制定了一个脱贫方案——除每年参与村里的扶贫项目，可获1000多元的分红外，不能单单指望果树收成，还应扩大经营范围。他和扶贫工作队的队员们商议后，先给李润明家发放了免费的化肥和农药，让他家在春耕时不致尴尬；又免费发放了鸡、鸭、鹅的幼苗，鼓励他们在养殖业上多下功夫，增加收入。<br /> <br /> There is a total of six people in Li Runming's family: Li Runming, his spouse, parents, and two children. The cause of his family's poverty is due to illness as the father is weak and sickly in his eighties, and often hospitalized. His twenty-year-old son is studying in a technical school in Guangzhou, and the annual tuition and living expenses exceed 30,000 to 40,000 RMB. His eight-year-old daughter is in the second grade of primary school, and in a growth spurt. The whole family makes their living upon the income from the 500 oranges and 730 tangerines. In the past two years, Li Runming bit the bullet and built a cement bungalow. He received a state subsidy of 40,000 RMB, but his life has not been completely lifted out of poverty. In response to his family's situation, Qi Yunliang formulated a poverty alleviation plan in addition to participating in the poverty alleviation projects in the village every year. He can get more than 1,000 RMB in dividends. He should not only count on the fruit tree harvest but expand his scope of business. After a discussion with the members of the Poverty Alleviation Team, he first distributed free chemical fertilizers and pesticides to Li Runming's family so that they would not be embarrassed during spring plowing. He also provided free baby chickens, ducks, and geese to encourage them in the breeding industry to increase their income.</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Lingnan_Englisch_3&diff=150534 Lingnan Englisch 3 2022-11-21T09:26:41Z <p>Li Hong: /* 李鸿 Li Hong */</p> <hr /> <div>[http://www.example.com link title]== '''Discussiontable''' ==<br /> <br /> …for a consistent translation of:<br /> - names of places, people etc <br /> - titles of literary, historical works<br /> - technical terms<br /> - quotes<br /> - idioms, figures of speech<br /> <br /> (Please record here recurring words with the respective translation, your name, date and comments, if there are any. You may also suggest and discuss changes.)<br /> <br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Chin. Origial''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Translation''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Date/Translator''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Comments''' <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> ==Part 18(2)==<br /> <br /> ====庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====<br /> <br /> 当你离开这栋屋子时，对四周的黑暗已不那么恐惧——上帝说有光，于是便有了光。手电筒的光芒虽然微弱，但却一直在前面温暖地导航着。你听到了一声长长的叹息——那叹息是被风吹<br /> 打到你的耳膜上——你吓了一跳。原来，那是你自己的叹息。四周安静至极，想象中的狗一直都没有出现，脚下的草丛一直在起伏跌宕，夜色如庞大而幽暗的海洋。<br /> 离开小村后很久，你都忘不掉那个场景，那个你一脚踏入一家人晚餐时的场景。那个瞬间令你惊骇——在那间昏黄晦涩的厨房里，你看到的是一种难以分析、难以说明的原生态生活；然而，还是这些人，当他们将你带到灯光明亮的红砖房时，他们的面庞又变得温暖和热烈起来。灯光多么重要——有灯光就是有希望。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====白婷 Bai Ting====<br /> 陆奕门已有55岁，但他还是个害羞的男人。虽然他的身材相当魁梧，但面部有却着明显的缺陷——左眼大，右眼小且失明。他说母亲生了他和弟弟两个孩子，但弟弟是个健全人，已结婚。他的母亲已75岁，体型微胖，一头白发似雪，身穿紫色长袖衬衫和黑裤子，赤脚踩着双红拖鞋。她将桌上的碗筷收拾好，又端起塑料盆里的水倒入高压锅，手脚相当麻利。<br /> 母亲、弟弟和他住在一栋宽敞的砖房里——客厅里铺着淡黄色的瓷砖，电视柜上摆着超薄电视机，姜黄色的木沙发、木桌和木椅。无论地板还是家具，都收拾得妥妥当当。他的卧室在屋子的最里面，窗户上吊挂着姜黄与明黄相间的窗帘，木板床上铺着凉席，木桌上放着台式电风扇和手电筒。他请你坐在茶几旁的木凳上，熟练地泡茶和倒茶，还热情地招呼你：“喝茶！喝茶！”他周到而细心，言语机敏而幽默。<br /> <br /> Though 55 years old, Lu Yimen is a bashful man. Despite a robust figure, he is plagued with conspicuous defects on his face——his left eye is bigger than the right one that is invisible. He says his mother has two children. He suffers from some disabilities, but his little brother is healthy and married. A little bit fat and white-haired, his 75-year-old mother is in a long purple T-shirt and black trousers, wearing red slippers without socks. She moves quickly, cleaning up the dishes and chopsticks on the table before pouring the water in the plastic basin into the pressure cooker. He lives in a broad brick house with his mother and brother. The living room is laid with pale-yellow tiles in which there is an ultra-thin television on the TV cabinet, a ginger wooden sofa, desks, and chairs. Everything is in an appropriate way, be it floor or furniture. At the end of the house sits his room, where ginger and bright yellow curtains hang on the window, a summer sleeping mat covers the wooden bed, and a desktop electric fan and torch lay on the wooden desk. He invites you to sit on the wooden stool beside the end table, where he makes and pours tea deftly and then procures you a cup of tea passionately. Not only is he thoughtful and careful, but he is adept and humorous in speech.<br /> <br /> Though 55 years old, Lu Yimen is a bashful man. Despite a robust figure, he is plagued with conspicuous defects on his face——his left eye is bigger than the right one that is invisible. He says his mother has two children. He suffers from some disabilities, but his little brother is healthy and married. A little bit fat and white-haired, his 75-year-old mother is in a purple long-sleeved shirt and black trousers, wearing red slippers without socks. She moves quickly, cleaning up the dishes and chopsticks on the table before pouring the water in the plastic basin into the pressure cooker. He lives in a broad brick house with his mother and brother. The living room is laid with pale-yellow tiles in which there is an ultra-thin television on the TV cabinet, a ginger wooden sofa, desks, and chairs. Everything is in an appropriate way, be it floor or furniture. At the end of the house sits his room, where turmeric and bright yellow curtains hang on the window, a summer sleeping mat covers the wooden bed, and a desktop electric fan and torch lay on the wooden desk. He invites you to sit on the wooden stool beside the end table, where he makes and pours tea deftly and then procures you a cup of tea passionately. Not only is he thoughtful and attentive, but he is adept and humorous in speech.<br /> <br /> ==== 蔡思 Cai Si=====<br /> <br /> <br /> 现在，他每月有510元的低保金，200元的残疾补助，老母亲有150元的养老金，日子也能过得下去。他家有3亩地，以前种的是水稻和花生，现在都出租了出去，一年有3000元的租金。他一直都是单身。他叹息着说：“我找不到老婆的，我不敢相亲。”<br /> 几天后，当你结束了在连樟村的采访，在连江口镇的汽车站旁等车时，与他再次相遇。等车的老爷爷们大多穿着黄胶鞋，或赤脚踩双拖鞋；老奶奶们则将花白的头发用桃红发圈束起，脚上是双水鞋；年轻的女子则染着黄发，穿着坡跟皮鞋。人们的手里提着清油和大米，水桶里装着蔬菜，塑料袋里装着电饭煲。<br /> 你在这堆人群里看到了陆奕门——他的模样实在太过特殊！当你向他招手时，你发现他的第一反应是想要躲开，可四下里又没什么地方躲，他便只得害羞地点点头。他问你：“要回去了吗？”看到你点头，他便打开冰柜，拿出瓶矿泉水塞到你的手上，庄重地说：“路太远了，你喝！”你的心头涌起一股暖流，但还是把瓶子推开：“不用不用，谢谢谢谢。”看他非要坚持让你拿上时，你把包里的水杯拿出来：“你看，我带水了。”他略有遗憾，又把矿泉水放回到冰柜里。和你道了“再见”后，他邀请你再来村里玩，还朝你挥了挥胳膊。<br /> 当你坐在晃动的大巴车时，既感到异样得温馨，又感到异样得伤感。陆奕门所做的这一切，都显现出他是个观察敏锐，内心善良，且很有修养的男人。其实，他的身材相当魁梧，四肢也很健全——当然，除了眼睛。你很难设想，当他还是个孩子时，第一次照镜子，内心会涌起怎样的痛苦？他一定会奋力地摔碎镜子，然后将自己摔在床上，久久地躺着爬不起来。<br /> <br /> Now, he gets a monthly minimum insurance allowance of 510 yuan and a disability allowance of 200 yuan, and his mother gets a pension of 150 yuan so their life can go on. He has 3 acres of land, which used to grow rice and peanuts. Now they rent it out, with a rent of 3,000 yuan a year. He has always been single. &quot;I can't find a wife,&quot; he said with a sigh. &quot;I dare not go on blind dates.&quot;A few days later, when you finished your interview in Lianzhang Village and waited for a bus next to the bus station in Lianjiangkou Town, I met Lu again. Most of the old men who waiting for the bus wear yellow rubber shoes or a pair of slippers barefoot; The old women tie their gray hair in pink hair loops, and wear water shoes on their feet; The young woman has dyed yellow hair and wears wedge shoes. People carry clear oil and rice, buckets of vegetables and rice cookers in plastic bags. You can see Lu Yimen in this crowd because his appearance is so special! When you wave to him, you realize that his first reaction is to dodge, but there is nowhere to hide, so he has to nod shyly. He asks you, &quot;Are you going back?&quot; Seeing you nod, he opened the freezer, took out a bottle of mineral water and put it into your hand, and said solemnly: &quot; It's too far. Drink water!&quot; A warm current surged in your heart, but you still pushed the bottle away: &quot;No need, thank you, thank you.&quot; When he insisted you take it, you took out the water glass in your bag: &quot;Look, I brought water.&quot; With a slight regret, he put the mineral water back in the freezer. After saying &quot;goodbye&quot; to you, he invites you to play in the village again and waves his arm at you.When you sit on the swaying bus, you feel both strangely warm and strangely sad. All that Lu has done shows that he is a man with keen observation, a kind heart, and great accomplishment. In fact, he is quite burly and has sound limbs —— except for the eyes. It's hard to imagine the pain he would feel when he looked in the mirror for the first time as a child. He will definitely struggle to smash the mirror, and then throw himself on the bed, lying down for a long time and unable to get up.<br /> <br /> Now, he gets a monthly minimum insurance allowance of 510 yuan and a disability allowance of 200 yuan, and his mother receives a pension of 150 yuan so their life can go on. He has 3 acres of land for growing rice and peanuts before. Now they rent it out for 3,000 yuan a year. He has always been single. &quot;I can't find a wife,&quot; he sighed. &quot;I dare not go on blind dates.&quot;A few days later, you met Lu again when finishing your interview in Lianzhang Village and waiting for a bus next to the bus station in Lianjiangkou Town. Most of the old men waiting for the bus wore yellow rubber shoes or a pair of slippers barefoot; The old women tied their gray hair in pink hair loops and wore water shoes on their feet; The young woman had dyed yellow hair and wore wedge shoes. People carried clear oil and rice, buckets of vegetables, and rice cookers in plastic bags. You could see Lu Yimen in this crowd because his appearance was so special! When you waved to him, you realized that his first reaction was to dodge, but there was nowhere to hide, so he had to nod shyly. He asked you, &quot;Are you going back?&quot; Seeing you nod, he opened the freezer, took out a bottle of mineral water, put it into your hand, and said solemnly: &quot; It's too far. Drink water!&quot; A warm current surged in your heart, but you still pushed the bottle away: &quot;No need, thank you, thank you.&quot; When he insisted, you took out the water glass in your bag: &quot;Look, I brought water.&quot; With a slight regret, he put the mineral water back in the freezer. After saying &quot;goodbye&quot; to you, he invited you to play in the village again and waved his arm at you. Sitting on the swaying bus makes you feel both strangely warm and sad. All that Lu has done shows that he is a man with keen observation, a kind heart, and great accomplishment. In fact, he is pretty burly and has sound limbs —— except for the eyes. It's hard to imagine the pain he would feel when he looked in the mirror for the first time as a child. He would definitely struggle to smash the mirror and then throw himself on the bed, lying down and unable to get up for a long time.<br /> <br /> ====陈婧 Chen Jing====<br /> <br /> 你揣测，他一定会想不明白，这种因相貌不同便陡然间被排斥在生物链底层，一辈子孑然一生的命运，是谁造成的？从这个角度来讲，达尔文是残酷的。如果人们相信世间万物是由造物主创造，那有的人便可以责备造物主对自己太不公平；如果世间根本没有造物主，那么在进化的道路中，你又不得不面对这个残酷的问题——为何是自己变成了残次品？你揣测，绝望中的陆奕门一定会流下大滴大滴的眼泪。然而后来，他还是下了床，开始吃饭和走动。看到村里的别人时，他在嘴角挂起淡淡的微笑。那个时候，他已不在乎别人眼神中的那丝嘲讽。随着时间的增长，那种尖锐的痛感会慢慢地迟钝起来——他逐渐适应了别人，别人也逐渐适应了他。<br /> 如果这就是他的命运，他便必须坦然接受。他想，也许造物主是存在的——他有很多个孩子，有些孩子生来就倍受宠爱、娇生惯养；而他却是那个沉默胆怯、不受重视的。然而，既然已经来到了这个世界上，每一个人便都拥有微笑的权利。<br /> <br /> == Part 19 ==<br /> <br /> <br /> ====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 声音<br /> <br /> 中午时分，邓承仙正在睡觉。邻居拖着竹子在她家房后走动的声音，令她陡然惊醒。那种在别人听来只是“唰啦唰啦”的声声响，通过她的耳膜和心脏，便被扩大成鞭炮炸裂时的“噼噼啪啪”。那声音如此猛烈而劲爆，令她在床上发抖不止，感觉世界末日就要降临。在这个世界上，这个女人最害怕的东西就是声音。无论怎样的声音，都会让她不舒服——电视剧中那人将杯子往桌上一放的声音，医院里护士将公章在纸上一盖的声音，吞咽口水时听到从自己喉咙里传来咕嘟的声音……这些都会让她心跳加快，汗毛倒竖。声音让她害怕，让她惊悚，让她忍不住浑身打摆子。<br /> <br /> ====陈思阳 Chen Siyang====<br /> <br /> 邓承仙穿着件姜黄色的长袖T恤衫,黑裤子，赤脚踩着一双拖鞋,扎着一束马尾。她的新家就建在旧房子的对面——那栋砖房的外墙上刷着白石灰，地面上铺着防潮砖，客厅里摆着木沙发和木茶几。你目光所及的还有电饭煲、烧水壶、电视机和消毒柜。可以说：这个家里的电器，一应俱全。阳光从敞开的大门和窗户里射进来，让整座房间显得格外亮堂——这屋子简直是你在这个村子里看到的最明亮的屋子！你不觉感慨：“你家的采光真好啊。”但女主人马上说：“夏天的时候比较晒。”她的普通话相当标准，表达能力也很强。当她在说话的时候，总是配合着眼神和手势，整个人显得活灵活现。<br /> <br /> ====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====<br /> <br /> 她家有3亩地，种的是水稻。年轻时，她和别的女人一样，“满山跑，干多少活都不觉得累”，但是到了46岁后，她发现自己的身体好像变朽了。她总是处于紧张和焦虑之中，总感觉心跳得厉害，身体像要吹爆的气球，头顶上有一根导火索。更为可怕的是，她被声音折磨得好苦好苦。有时，她正在家里干活，突然听到外面有很大的声响，好像是从音箱里放出来的音乐。然而，当她出了门后，却又什么都听不到了。但是，当她返回到房内，耳畔又是一片巨响。<br /> 她的丈夫总是咳嗽，而且越咳越厉害。到医院一检查，原来是肺癌。从2000年到2010年的10年间，她带着丈夫到处看病，医药费共花了6万多——有一次，他们在佛山的医院看病，一次就花了2万元。眼看着丈夫一天比一天虚弱，她的心里十分难受，但却毫无办法。2010年10月，丈夫在病痛的折磨中撒手人寰。<br /> <br /> ====丁粤 Ding Yue ====<br /> <br /> 她说就是从那个时候开始，自己的身体变得很不舒服。最初的征兆是心跳加快，怎么都控制不了。她感慨，“以前干活很舍得出力气，干完了地里的活，又到山上去干，满山跑都不觉得累。”有一次，她挑着竹笋回村。当她要过河时，水突然涨了起来，直淹到腰部，把她差点都冲走了，但她还是挑着笋爬了上来。以前，她能挑动120斤的笋，而现在，连90斤都挑不起来。“腿承受不了那重量。”<br /> 46岁是个分水岭。她记得十分清楚，“就是从那一年开始到医院的。”她觉得身体越来越不好，总是出汗——浑身上下都冒汗，尤其是胸窝里的汗更大。“嗨！睡个午觉能把床板湿透一半，身上的衣服全都湿透了！”；她总感觉到处都疼——有时是两侧的腰眼疼，疼得直不起身来；有时则是胸腔有刺痛的感觉，像是有剑穿过；她还能感觉到从心脏到胳膊的血脉不畅通。她形容自己的心脏内部——“像灯泡在慢慢地暗下来，太阳在一点点落山”。然后，她瞪大眼睛，直直地盯视着你，“我的心脏里面是黑的和暗的！”然而，在另外的时候，那颗心脏又像突然被通上了电，热流从里面汹涌而出，直传到脚趾，让整个身体控制不了地想下跪。有时，当她睡到晚上三四点，突然被惊醒，发现自己的右腿下部丧失了知觉。她便抱起腿来朝地上用力一摔，再用手连续拍打，最终才慢慢地恢复了知觉。<br /> <br /> ==== 付静 Fu Jing====<br /> <br /> 那时，村里还没有开通公交车，她便叫亲戚开车送她去英德人民医院。一见医生，她还没开口说病情，眼泪就先忍不住掉了下来。虽然她好手好脚，但她却过得实在辛苦。那个心血管科的医生问她——“是不是生活压力大”，她却摇摇头。经过各种检查，医生告诉她得的病是“心脏神经官能症”。同时，她还患有甲状腺功能减退、更年期综合征和抑郁症。在医生的建议下，她开始了住院治疗。可是，在医院的生活，“实在是太可怕了”——那头破血流的男人喘气的声音让她难受；那护士推着带轮子的车踢踏跑的声音让她难受；那病人揪着头发从喉咙里挤出的呻吟让她难受；那半夜有人睡不着用指甲抓墙的声音也让她难受。于是，她强烈地要求——出院回家！<br /> <br /> <br /> At that time, there was no bus service in the village, so she asked her relatives to drive her to the Yingde People's Hospital. As soon as she saw the doctor, hardly had she started to talk about her condition when her tears could not stop dropping.Though with sound hands and feet, she was living a really hard life. The cardiovascular doctor asked her - &quot;Is your life too stressful?&quot; - but she shook her head. After various examinations, the doctor told her that she had a &quot;cardiac neurosis&quot; and that she was also suffering from hypothyroidism, menopausal syndrome and depression. On the advice of her doctor, she began her hospitalisation. However, her life in hospital was &quot;just horrible&quot; - the sound of a man with a broken head gasping for breath made her miserable; the sound of a nurse pushing a cart running and tapping on the floor made her miserable; the moaning of a patient pulling hair out of the throat made her miserable; and the sound of someone who could not sleep in the mid-night scratching the nails against the wall also made her miserable. So, she strongly requested to be discharged and go home!<br /> <br /> ==== 高燕 Gao Yan====<br /> <br /> 她按医生的嘱咐吃药，也按照医生叮嘱放松心情，但她的病情却越来越严重。譬如，听说第二天要坐车出村时，她就开始心跳不已，一直焦虑不安。等到坐在车上后，心跳非但没有平缓，反而更加厉害；譬如，有时当她躺下睡觉，总感觉被一双大手给按住脖颈，怎么都无法动弹。最后，她要费很大的力气挣扎，才让自己从梦里醒来。<br /> 她总是睡不着。有时努力地睡着了，但又总是被惊醒。如此反反复复地折腾，令她痛苦不堪。等她再次到医院时，看的却是心理科。心理医生十分详细地询问了她的家庭情况。她坦言自己有3个孩子——大女儿28岁，已结婚；小女儿26岁，在外面打工已10年；儿子25岁，在广州上的大学，学的是会计专业，现在正在找工作。她是低保户，每月有753元的低保补助。医生劝她想开一点，放松心情，多到外面出去走走，多干活，慢慢调节一下就好了。医生给她开的安眠药是进口的，一片要50元。“怪得很！那药吃完就睡着了！”<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 关娜 Guan Na====<br /> <br /> 睡眠的情况改善了之后，另一种病情又爆发了——甲状腺功能减退。这种病的表现是头晕、头疼、耳鸣、记忆力差。于是，在她吃的一堆药里，又加上了一种“左甲状腺素钠片”。她在家里用电饭煲煮饭时，经常会忘记开电——等到要吃饭时才发现，米还是米，水还是水；她非常害怕明火——家里虽然有煤气灶，但却只用过一两次，因为她总是忘记怎么打火；可是，当她用电磁炉煮汤时，又会因为恍神而让汤沸出来。<br /> 她对自己的身体产生了深深的担忧，所以对药物有了强烈的依赖感。看到电视广告上说北京有种药多么多么好，她便信了。那药一盒1300元，她一共买了3万元的。家里的亲戚听说后，马上阻止了她：“你上当了！再别买了！”她翻箱倒柜，找出个小本子给你看，上面写着一个“北京朝阳区“”的地址。她盯着你，满脸狐疑：“北京还能卖假货？”“可我吃了后，真的舒服很多啊！”<br /> <br /> ==== 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====<br /> <br /> 邓承仙带你去看她的地。那块种花生地就在路边，只比一张圆桌稍大一点，但这并不妨碍她凝望它时，眼神里流露出母亲般的慈爱。那块地的形状很不规则，三垄花生苗不足十米，稀稀拉拉地摆开架势。那些植物的叶片发黄，一派蔫头耷脑的样子，好像还没有野草长得精神。邓承仙絮絮叨叨：“花生和人一样，刚开始叶子油绿油绿的，后来慢慢变黄，等快成熟的时候就会长出黑点，就像老人斑。”她好像在嫌弃这些家伙：“看看，还没有收呢！”她拢起一把花生杆，用力一拔，植物的根须便被拔了出来。那些椭圆状的小东西上粘着很多泥土，就像刚出生的胎儿身上粘着汁液。当女人低头凝望那些小家伙时，眼角、眉梢和嘴角全都飞扬了起来。她抖着花生的根须，试图将泥土掸下去，但那动作格外得轻柔，生怕让哪颗花生落在地上。<br /> <br /> ==== 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====<br /> <br /> 她现在住的房子是2017年建的，花了12万。“如果没有政府补助的4万元，这房子无论如何是盖不起来的。”每逢过年过节，扶贫干部们还会拿来装着三百元钱的大红包。老房子的厨房就在新房子对面——屋顶上的瓦片坍塌出一个洞，屋外的墙基黝黑发绿。进入内里，像进入了一个洞穴：从墙根到屋顶，一色全黑。这间厨房里堆着一大摞竹编筐和一堆木柴，还有各种坛坛罐罐、脸盆水桶之类的杂物。虽然因盖房子借了3万元的债，买门窗和钢筋的2.6万元也是赊的，但她并不后悔建新房。显而易见，新房子到底不一样——更敞亮！更干燥！更卫生！更方便！她常常拎着筐子去房顶晒干菜，幻想着能再攒点钱，可以再加高一层。在扶贫干部的鼓励下，她准备在地里种蔬菜和西瓜芭乐，可以多卖点钱。现在，她的小女儿和儿子都在外打工，每年大约有5万元的收入。她带着你一起来到屋顶。在这个制高点上，她能举目四望——这个家的日子，眼瞅着是越来越好了。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> == Part 20 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi====<br /> 木匠<br /> <br /> 从中心村小组到杨梅坑村小组，不仅要路过一条弯弯曲曲的山路，还要路过一条河上的一截窄桥。那桥身似乎刚好装下了车身——司机只要稍微一拐方向盘，整个车身便会即刻落入河水中。过了桥后，司机又曲曲折折地绕了好几个弯，终于，在一栋砖房前刹了车。陆奕罗的家就在这里。门前环绕着一条水泥板隔成的小溪，十几只母鸡唧唧喳喳地在漫步，铁丝上吊挂着T恤衫和毛巾。进入屋内，你看到水泥地面十分整洁，木沙发和木方桌也擦拭得相当干净。电视、冰箱、消毒柜、烧水壶一应俱全。1961年刚出生时，这个男人的身体还是健全的，可在他两岁时，得了小儿麻痹。现在，他穿着件深蓝色的长袖T恤，蓝色长裤和黑色皮凉鞋，就坐在你面前。<br /> <br /> ==== 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei====<br /> <br /> 他的五官显得相当周正——粗眉深目，高鼻厚唇。皮肤并不黝黑，反而有些姜黄。虽然额头和眼角也有细细的皱纹，但这依旧是一张中年男子的面孔。他说话的声音很低沉，语速也不是很快，但显然，这是个思维敏捷的男人。从他的眼神里射出的目光，机敏而尖锐。他举起手指有些懊恼地说：“手受伤了，干不成活，真急人。”他是一天也不想休息的那种人。在他看来，干活不仅仅是为了挣钱——他人生的全部意义，都凝结在劳作中。<br /> 当他拄着拐杖往前行走时，左手紧紧地抓着拐杖的头部，而右手则抓着拐杖的中部。他将全身的重量都攀附在拐杖上，好像将整个身子吊挂在那根木棍上一样。他就这样艰难地往前挪一步之后，再挪一步。然而，他走路的速度一点也不慢，和正常人迈开大步的节奏差不多。他的脊椎骨向外鼓凸，形成了一个大包。正是这个大包让他的上身无法直立，加上双腿也比一般人软，所以他的整个身体显得非常矮小。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====<br /> <br /> 他遗憾自己只上了两年小学——到学校去要走山路，而且要走一个多小时。早上出门时要带上中午的饭，傍晚时才能回家。晴天时还好些；如果遇到了下雨天，山路就特别难走。他的脑子特别灵光，学什么都很轻松。但是后来，他还是放弃了上学。当木匠的想法生发于20岁——他总不能这样甩着手过一辈子。别人都去山上砍木头砍竹笋，可那些活他干不了；家里有2亩地，可以种水稻也可以种花生，但他也干不了。他把地都让弟弟去种后，盘算着干一些力所能及的事。他的腿不好，能选择的职业范围非常有限。思忖了几天后，他把目光锁定在“木匠”上。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====<br /> <br /> 然而，掌握木工活并不容易——他根本找不到师傅来教自己。他家住在山区，路途太远，而且，他也掏不起请师傅的费用。于是，他便自己买原料，自己看尺寸，自己琢磨着干起来。最初，他先试着做一些简单的产品，后来，他便开始做复杂的。就这样，他慢慢地摸索了十几年后，才感觉自己算是个熟手了。他的家里放着一张桌子，四方四正的，显得端庄厚重——棕黄色的桌面异常平整，四条桌腿异常稳当，桌面与桌腿的衔接异常平和。然而，这张桌子却和普通的桌子有明显的不同——桌腿要更矮一些。显然，这是主人为自己量身定制的；显然，这不仅是主人家的一件物品，还是他的展览品。<br /> <br /> ==== 李鸿 Li Hong====<br /> <br /> 说起自己最擅长做的，他有些得意——“木桌，当然是木桌！”“可是……”他的声调又低了下来：“现在，很多人都到市场上去买桌子了！”他还擅长做圆木桶——榨花生油的时候，要把花生先放在木桶里蒸，再在大锅里炒熟后去榨油。你曾在连江口镇的榨油坊里见到过那种大桶——有一米多高，腰身粗大，虽然只卖100元，但销量依旧不是很大。<br /> 他推开侧旁房间的门——这是他的工作间。一台涂着黄绿色的机器出现在眼前——台式平压刨木工多用机床，型号为MLQ342。这机器浑身簇新，是扶贫干部通过各种方式为他化缘来的。房间里堆着的那些圆木棍，都需要用这个机器裁成木板，才能做成各种箱子或桶子。他用手指抚摸着那机器，眼神里流露出慈爱的笑意。他不断地赞叹道：“这个和以前的那个不一样啊！这个功能很多！”当他坐在机器旁开始工作时，整个人都显得神采奕奕，像舞台上的演员被一束追光所照耀——他的肩膀，他的胳膊、他的双手都配合着他的目光，让木板被刺啦刺啦地切割开来。一切都显得那样机敏、灵巧而迅速。在这台机器面前，他获得了一种尊严。<br /> <br /> Speaking of what he was best at, he was a little proud— “wooden tables, of course!” “But...” his voice lowered, “Nowadays, many people are going to the market to buy tables…” He was also good at making round wooden barrels—during the process of making peanut oil, you have to steam the peanuts in a wooden barrel first, and then fry them in a big pot before squeezing the oil. I have seen the kind of large barrels in the oil press in Lianjiangkou Town—they were more than a meter high, and bulky around the waist, though only sold for 100 yuan each, they still didn’t sell very well. He opened the door to the side room—this was his workshop. A yellow-green painted machine appeared in front of us—it was a desktop flat-pressing planer multi-purpose woodworking machine, model MLQ342. This machine was brand new; the poverty alleviation officers begged alms for him through various means. The round sticks piled up in the room needed to be cut into wooden boards by this machine so that he could make various boxes or barrels. He stroked the machine with his fingers, and a loving smile came out of his eyes. He kept exclaiming, “This is different from the old one! This one has many functions!” As he sat down at the machine and began to work, his whole being looked radiant, like an actor on stage being spotted by the chasing light—his shoulders, arms, hands all matched his gaze, letting the boards to be pricked and chopped. Everything seemed so tact, deft and swift. In the presence of this machine, he gained a kind of dignity.<br /> <br /> ====李佳珺 Li Jiajun====<br /> <br /> 现在，他主要以做蜂箱为主。因为名声在外，所以无论是连樟村的养蜂人，还是村子周围的养蜂人，都会到他这里来定做——陆飞庭的蜂箱就是在他这里做的！一个箱子的售价是60或70元，除去成本和人工，可净赚30元左右。状态好的时候，他一天可以做两三个，能挣60到100元。每个蜂箱的规格都不相同，要按养蜂人定的规矩来做。每年，上门来找他做箱子的人大约有50个，这些人能为他带来1万多元的收入。蜂箱看起来容易，但做起来十分复杂。他拿起一个木框比划着说：“要想做好蜂箱，是很不容易的。”做蜂箱不能用杂木，一定要用杉木，因为杉木比较轻，便于搬动；箱内还要放四五个隔板，隔板上还要装上纱布。<br /> <br /> ==== 李可依 Li Keyi====<br /> <br /> 他没有找老婆——“不敢叫人介绍”。他叹了一口气——“怎么好意思呢？”他每个月有460元的低保补助和150元的残疾补助。可是，他却一点也不愿闲着。他愿意干活——哪怕是苦活和累活，他都愿意干。因为，“做才有，不做没有。”有时候，他做活时弄伤了手指，医生让他休息，可他却在屋子里走来走去，异常难受。<br /> 突然，门外走进一个粗壮的男人，说是来送木头的——原来，是村里的扶贫干部联系了附近的农场，给他赠送了5立方米的杉木。他立刻拿起拐杖朝外走。虽然每走一步，他的身体都要花费很大的气力,但他还是走得那样快、那样急——他一心想要看到那些木头的模样。路过那堆叽叽喳喳的母鸡群，又路过盖着黑瓦片的那栋屋子，还路过挂着“我爱你中国”的红色横幅，终<br /> 于，他来到了道路的拐弯处。当他的身子倚靠着拐杖停下时，他的脑袋只比那拐杖高出一点点。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====<br /> <br /> 是的！那手扶拖拉机的车斗里，塞满了粗粗细细的圆木棍。于是，他指导着司机将车倒入一片空地。他的声音略微拔高了几度：“倒，倒，再倒！好了，好了。”司机从拖拉机里走下来，将车斗上的两根直立木棍拔掉后，那些木棍便呼啦啦地散落了下来。司机返回驾驶室，将车斗的前端抬升起来，形成40度角，让那堆木棍缓慢地滚下来。当司机将拖拉机轻轻往前一抽，在那灰绿色的草滩上，便留下了一大堆的棕黄色的原木。你看到那木匠的眼睛里闪着晶光。他似乎已看到这些木头变成了一块块板子，在他的指挥下，通过拼贴和镶嵌，变成了各式各样的物件。使用那些物件的人都知道，那东西是陆奕罗做的。<br /> <br /> Of course! The hopper of the walking tractor was full of thick and thin round wooden sticks. So he instructed the driver to reverse the car into an open space. His voice rose a little: &quot;Down, down, down again! All right, all right.&quot; The driver came down from the tractor and pulled out the two upright sticks on the hopper of the tractor, then the sticks scattered. The driver returned to the cab and raised the front end of the truck hopper to form a 40 degree angle, so that the pile of sticks slowly rolled down. When the driver pulled the tractor forward slightly, a lot of brown and yellow logs were left on the gray green grassland. You see the light in the carpenter's eyes. He seemed to have seen these woods become pieces of boards. Under his command, the woods have become various objects through splicing and inlaying. Those who use those objects know that they are made by Lu Yiluo.<br /> <br /> Of course! The hopper of the walking tractor was full of thick and thin round wooden sticks. So he instructed the driver to reverse the car into an open space. His voice rose a little: &quot;Down, down, down again! All right, all right.&quot; The driver came down from the tractor and pulled out the two upright sticks on the hopper of the tractor, then the sticks scattered. The driver returned to the cab and raised the front end of the truck hopper to form a 40-degree angle so that the pile of sticks could slowly roll down. When the driver pulled the tractor forward slightly, a lot of brown and yellow logs were left on the gray-green grassland. You see the light in the carpenter's eyes. He seemed to have seen these woods become pieces of boards. Under his command, the woods have become various objects through splicing and inlaying. Those who use those objects know that they are made by Lu Yiluo.<br /> <br /> ==== 李心田 Li Xintian====<br /> <br /> 他从来不觉得自己倒霉，也从来没有抱怨过自己的父母。他能深切地体会到父母的辛苦和不易——“在那样的环境下，我的父母没有遗弃我，我已经很感激他们了。”他说他小的时候，从村里到镇上要走4个小时的山路。所以当他生病后，因为这可恶的山路而耽误了对他的治疗。然而，他很快就释然起来：“现在好了！坐公交车，20分钟就能到镇里了！”从表面上看，他是个相当可怜的人——个子那么矮，每走一步路都那样费劲。然而，当你和他接触后，却发现他是个相当坚韧的男人。原本，他是个“无劳动能力的贫困户”，可是，他不仅通过劳动让自己变得有用，而且还充满了对他人的理解和同情。他在生活的磨砺中所闪现出的人性光辉，是那样得璀璨。<br /> <br /> He never felt ill-fated and never yet complained about his parents. He could understand deeply the hardships and difficulties of his parents— “My parents didn’t desert me even in that conditions. I’m really grateful to them.” He said he had to walk four hours’ mountain road to the town from the village when he was young. So when he got ill, the hateful mountain road really influenced his treatment. However, he was reassured soon: “Now is good! It only takes me 20 minutes to the town!” On the surface, he was a very poor person—so short and so hard for every step. Nevertheless, you would find him an extremely resilient man after you got along with him. He was originally a “registered poor person without working ability”. But now, he not only makes himself useful by working but is also filled with understanding and sympathy for others. The brilliance of human nature glistering from the hardship of his life is so splendid.<br /> <br /> == Part 21 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 李彦 Li Yan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 糖<br /> <br /> 城里人把蜂蜜分为冬蜜和春蜜，可到了养蜂人陆飞庭的嘴里，便是冬糖和春糖。“唉，冬糖贵春糖贱哦。”后来你发现，在他的词汇表里，“糖”既表示蜂蜜，还表示花粉；后来你还发现，其实“糖”不仅是他的执念，还是他的希望。穿过村里那一栋栋黄泥黑瓦的土屋时，你惊诧于那些屋宇像九旬老人般依然挺立，但墙体上则裂出一道道缝隙，如久旱无甘霖的戈壁滩，而那一孔孔窗户，则像一个个幽深的黑洞。那些废墟般的屋子虽然摇摇晃晃，但这样的屋子着实不敢再住人。你探头进去，里面早已搬空。<br /> 陆飞庭住的那栋红砖楼房显得格外威武，不仅高大，而且气宇轩昂。在二楼的阳台上，还挂着条横幅——“头纯酿酒坊，现蒸现买，好喝不上头，免费品尝”。步入客厅，你看到红砖墙上涂抹着一道道白灰，颇有些后现代“工业风”的味道。客厅很宽敞，堆放着一坛坛老酒，有的封着红布，有的用塑料盖着，还有的用大笸箩压着。然而，陆飞庭却不是这些酒的主人——这是亲戚寄放在他这里的——他的主业是养蜂。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 李梓玉 Li Ziyu====<br /> <br /> 陆飞庭的身量不高，差不多有1.6米，虽然精瘦但却很是硬朗。他看起来整整齐齐且干干净净：灰白色的短发下，是一件没有褶皱的浅灰色长袖衬衫，配一条深灰色长裤。他的脸盘不大，但五官长得很精致。端详其面目，可揣测他也曾是个清秀少年。然而时光飞逝如电，此刻的他已是一位老人家。虽然一个人生活，但显然，他是个勤快人。木制沙发上铺着毡子，茶几擦拭得干干净净，香烟茶叶摆得规规矩矩。他燃起一根烟，嘴角挂着浅浅的微笑，礼貌而颇有分寸，有一种见过世面后的豁达与从容之感。他感慨自己的砖房是2016年冬天盖起的——他说虽然自己掏了5万元，但政府补助的3.4万元却是雪中送炭，否则，他还得圪蹴在那些岌岌可危的老屋中。<br /> <br /> ==== 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====<br /> <br /> 你注意到陆飞庭的双手又黑又瘦，暴露着青筋，像胳膊上又戴了双黑手套。这是一位72岁的老人的双手。可是，这双手似乎已经年满92岁了。它凝结了岁月无尽的苍凉，比主人的面孔更显苍老。陆飞庭那套着衬衫的身材稍显单薄，眉眼间的微笑也相当淡然，说话时不紧不慢。一个人过了一辈子，他用的就是这种不紧不慢的节奏。他有4分地，种的是水稻，收下来的大米刚够自己吃。作为五保户，政府每月给他补助700元，加上新农保的170元，足够维持生活，但他依旧坚持养蜂。<br /> 退休？不，他并不打算退休，甩着双手享受福利。他喜欢养蜂，而且干得相当不错，为什么不继续干呢？事实上，养蜂带给他的乐趣，绝不只是卖出蜂蜜后点钱的快乐。养蜂是他一生中最重要的一件事，也是他最有经验的一件事，所以，他要在能干得动的时候继续干。虽然现在，随着科技的进步，人们可以用手机购买各种商品，让他感到自己跟不上时代，但是，无论时代<br /> 如何变化，蜂王还是蜂王，工蜂还是工蜂。<br /> <br /> ==== 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====<br /> <br /> <br /> 他在年轻的时候，干过不少工作——这会儿在林场打工，那会儿在茶厂干活，甚至还在育种场也干过那么一阵。然而最终，他的职业规划里只剩下了一个可选项：养蜂。他在木匠陆奕罗那里定制了一批蜂箱后，便在家里开始操作。这一养，便把一个人的半辈子晃了过去。现在，他的院子里还摆着20多个蜂箱。他有些得意起来——“最多时，有60多个蜂箱呢！”这些蜂箱每年能为他带来2万多元的收入。<br /> 他的一生，看起来似乎有些单调和乏味。尤其是后半生的这30年，他只干了一件事：养蜂。然而，他却深深地爱着这个工作。为了酿出上好的荔枝蜜，他带着蜂箱从村里到从化去赶花。从化是个很远的地方，没有直达的交通车，他便到处打听，试图和别人拼车去：“出去”一趟300元，“进来”一趟又是300元。在果园的荔枝树下搭起帐篷，他和他的蜜蜂一住就是一个多月。那些荔枝树的主人一见他就笑眯眯的——“来啦！来啦！”原来，荔枝开花时如果“糖”——花粉——太多，就会把花沤死。冬糖要在每年的12月至1月采摘，因花开得少，糖就珍贵，故而一斤大约能卖50元；春糖在每年的4月采摘，一斤15元。贱的时候，10元8元也卖过。<br /> <br /> When he was young, he did a lot of jobs—he once worked in forestry center, tea factory and even breeding farm. But finally, he only left one option in his career planning—beekeeping. He started working at home after customizing a batch of beehives from Lu Yiluo, a carpenter. Surprisingly, he spent half of his life on it. Now, his garden is home to 20-plus beehives. He is proud, “ I owned more than 60 beehives at most.” He can earn over 20,000 yuan per year from them. Although his life seemed tedious, especially he only did one thing in 30 years in the latter part of his life, he had great passion for this job. To brew quality lychee honey, he brought beehives to Conghua where lychee is abundant. There was no direct road for buses to shuttle between his village and this place, which was far from his home, so he asked around and wanted to carpool with others. A round trip costed 600 yuan. After setting up tent under the lychee tree in the orchard, he and his bees would stay for like a month. Owners of those lychee trees smiled when seeing him, “ Oh, I’m so glad you came.” The reason behind it was that if “sugar” or pollen was too much when lychee trees bloomed, flowers would die. Sugar produced in Winter should be picked up between December and January, and the quantity was small, so one jin of this valuable sugar can cost 50 yuan or so. Sugar produced in Spring should be picked up in April, with the price of 15 yuan per jin, or even 10 yuan, 8 yuan when the market was sluggish.<br /> <br /> Correction:<br /> When he was young, he did quite a few jobs—he once worked in a forestry center, a tea factory and even a breeding farm. But finally, he only left one option in his career planning—beekeeping. He started his beekeeper life at home after customizing a batch of beehives from Lu Yiluo, a carpenter. Surprisingly, he spent half of his life on it. Now, his garden is home to more than 20 beehives. He is proud to say, “ I owned over 60 beehives at most.” These beehives bring him over 20,000 yuan per year. Although his life seemed tedious, especially he only did one thing within 30 years in the latter part of his life, he had great passion for this job, that is, beekeeping. To brew quality lychee honey, he brought beehives to Conghua where lychee is abundant. There was no direct road for buses to shuttle between his village and this place, which was far from his home, so he asked around and wanted to carpool with others. A round trip costed 600 yuan. After setting up a tent under the lychee trees in the orchard, he spent a whole month with his bees together. Owners of those lychee trees smiled to him when seeing him, “ Oh, I’m so glad you are here.” The reason behind it was that if “sugar” or pollen was too much when lychee trees bloomed, flowers would die. Sugar produced in Winter should be picked between December and January with a small quantity, so one jin of this valuable sugar can cost 50 yuan or so. Sugar produced in Spring should be picked in April each year, with the price of 15 yuan per jin, and even 10 yuan or 8 yuan when the market was sluggish.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘丛领 Liu Congling====<br /> <br /> 他会留一点“糖”给自己喝。那些“糖”就装在雪碧的塑料瓶中。当他拧开瓶盖，让液体缓缓地流淌而出，时，那金黄色便和红茶融为一体，让茶水变得甘甜醇厚。那一刻，他抿了抿嘴，感觉内心充满了百分之百的满足。他凝视着你：“喝呀！喝呀！”于是，你便端起了塑料杯。他酿造出的蜂蜜——或者说是“糖”——味道极其清浅，只在舌尖上有点微甜，像洞口外的一丝亮光般若隐若现。有客人来买他的“糖”，他从不随便抬价——他的“糖”就是他的闺女，他希望“她们”能嫁到好人家去。看到有女顾客来买，他狐疑地上下打量着对方，然而轻声地叮嘱：“要是怀孕了可不能喝啊。”<br /> 他养的这些蜂是从山上整箱抓来的。要想养蜂，便要了解蜜蜂的习性，否则，“它们就会集体逃跑”。看到你瞪大眼睛，他又得意地笑了起来。他说他的那些经验都是慢慢积累起来的。他发现，蜜蜂和大多数要冬眠的动物刚好相反——它们在夏天时要休息。“千万不能动，一动就要跑掉。”他说话的语调愈发温柔：“蜂蜜只有40天的寿命啊！”他能一眼就看出谁是蜂王——“它的身体有些发黑”。一群蜂与另一群蜂相遇后，其中的一只蜂王一定会被咬死。<br /> He would keep a little &quot;sugar&quot; for himself, which was in a plastic bottle of Sprite. When he unscrewed the cap, the golden flowing liquid slowly blended with the black tea, making the latter sweet and mellow. At that moment, he smacked his lips,100 percent satisfied inside. He stared at you. &quot;Drink! Drink!&quot; So, you picked up the plastic cup. The honey -- or &quot;sugar&quot; -- he made was so paltry that the sweetness could only be tasted on the tip of the tongue,which loomed like a glimmer of light outside a hole. When guests came to buy his “candy”, he never raised the price at random------ his candy was his daughters, so he hoped they would marry into good families. Seeing a female customer, he looked her up and down suspiciously, and then told her in a low voice, &quot;You can't drink it if you're pregnant.&quot; <br /> <br /> The bees he was keeping were taken from the mountain hive by hive. If you want to keep bees, you need to understand their habits. Otherwise, &quot;they will flee en masse.&quot; He smirked again when he saw you wide-eyed. He said his experience was built up a little by little. He found that bees are the opposite of most animals that hibernate ------ they rest during the summer. &quot;Don't move. If you do, they will run away.&quot; &quot;bees own a mere lifespan of 40 days,&quot; he said in an increasingly gentle voice. He could tell at a glance who was the queen - &quot;her body was a little blackened&quot;. When a swarm of bees meets another swarm, one of the queens is doomed to be killed.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 有的木箱上压着泡沫塑料，有的则压着红砖块，有的则盖着块毛巾——是因为蜜蜂不喜欢亮光？当他打开蜂箱时，那双粗黑的双手似乎充满了柔情。他小心翼翼地抽出一块隔板给你看——蜂巢是一排排有着黄色圆孔的小洞，但都被蜜蜂覆盖着。那些蜜蜂黑黄夹杂，一个叠一个，轻轻地蠕动着全身，发出嗡嗡嗡的低音。在你看来，那场面着实骇人——你终于明白“密集恐惧症”患者到底在害怕什么。那场景就像你从50层高楼俯瞰十字路口，底下全是黑压压蠕动的人体。而你自己总是控制不住，想要从栏杆上飞身而下。<br /> 另一个场景更让你惊诧——陆飞庭双手端着隔板，低头凝视那些蠕动的小家伙时，瘦削的面庞上浮现出一个饱满的笑容。他像父亲抱着自己的头生子，满眼都是疼爱。这疼爱根本无须多言，只要看一眼便能知晓。终于，顺着他的目光，你发现了另一个世界——蜜蜂虽然挨挨挤挤，但透过缝隙，你能看到下面是一个璀璨的黄金世界。<br /> <br /> Some wooden boxes were covered with Styrofoam, some with red bricks, some with towels -- was it because bees didn't like bright light? As he opened the hives, his rough swarthy hands seemed full of tender. He carefully pulled out a partition to show you -- the hives consisted of rows of tiny holes with round yellow apertures, but all covered with bees. The bees were yellow and black, one on top of the other, gently wriggling their whole bodies, humming in a low voice. You might think it was a terrifying sight -- you finally knew what trypophobia sufferers were afraid of. It was like you being on a 50-story building overlooking an intersection, where there was a dense wriggling crowd. You always couldn’t help but wanted to jump over the railing. The other scene was more surprising – when Lu Feiting gazed down at the wriggling little ones, holding the partition with both hands, a wide smile spread across his thin face. He was like a father holding his firstborn and his eyes were full of love. Needless to say, this love could be seen at only one glance. Following his gaze, you finally discovered another world -- the bees were squeezed together, but through the cracks, you could see a bright world of gold below.<br /> <br /> Some wooden boxes were covered with Styrofoam, some with red bricks, and some with towels -- was it because bees didn't like bright light? As he opened the hives, his rough swarthy hands seemed full of tender. He carefully pulled out a partition to show you -- the hives consisted of rows of tiny holes with round yellow apertures, but all covered with bees. The bees were yellow and black, one on top of the other, gently wriggling their whole bodies, humming in a low voice. You might reckon that it was a terrifying sight -- you finally knew what trypophobia sufferers were afraid of. It was like you being on a 50-story building overlooking an intersection, where there was a dense wriggling crowd. You always couldn’t help but wanted to jump over the railing. The other scene was more surprising – when Lu Feiting gazed down at the wriggling little ones, holding the partition with both hands, a wide smile spread across his thin face. He was like a father holding his firstborn and his eyes were full of love. Needless to say, this love could be seen at only one glance. Following his gaze, you finally discovered another world -- the bees were squeezed together, but through the cracks, you could see a bright world of gold below.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====<br /> <br /> 所有的蜜蜂都将脑袋对着那些孔洞，用嘴和脚不停地工作着。它们的翅膀在阳光下，像一个微型小雨衣，包裹着黑黄相间的肉身。它们的脑袋发黑，像戴了个小头盔。那头盔是特制的，刚好与底部黄色孔洞匹配。于是，一个黄洞里埋着一个黑头盔，而那些洞是一个挨着一个的，密麻麻连成一大片。<br /> 如果蜜蜂想飞走也是可以的——每个木箱的底部都有一个洞，虽然被一块铁丝网给堵住了，但那窟窿还是能让蜜蜂钻出来的。有那么三四只蜂在窟窿处嗡嗡嗡地飞着，但很快，它们又钻了进去。你惊诧蜜蜂为什么又回去了？可陆飞庭却一点都不吃惊。他这样解释：“那里是它们的家啊！它们是要回家的！” 当老人说出“家”这个字时，那样得庄重。突然，你对自己的无知感到羞愧。唉！你不懂蜜蜂，更不懂蜜蜂对家的感情。在你的知识谱系里，总来都不认为知道蜜蜂的家是件重要的事。<br /> <br /> All of bees put their heads to those holes and keep working with mouths and feet. Under the sunshine, their wings look like miniature raincoats, warping their black-and-yellow body. Their heads are black, just like wearing a small helmet which is special-made and matches with those yellow holes on the bottom. Hence, a yellow hole buries a black helmet. Those holes are one next to another, connecting densely and covering a large space. If some of them want to fly out, that will be ok—there is a hole on the bottom of each wooden box. Though the holes are blocked by a piece of wire, bees also are able to come out from smaller holes of the wire. Three or four of them buzz and fly around the smaller hole, but soon they get into it again. You wonder why they go back again, while Lu Feiting is calm for that. He explains that “That is their home! They need to go home!” When elders say the word- “home”, we must show our respect. Suddenly, you feel shame at your ignorance. Alas! You know nothing about the bees, even the feeling of bees to home. In your knowledge spectrum, knowing bee’s home never considered an important thing.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> All of bees put their heads to those holes and keep working with mouths and feet. Under the sunshine, their wings look like miniature raincoats, warping their black-and-yellow body. Their heads are black, as if wearing a small helmet which is special-made and matches with those yellow holes on the bottom. Hence, a yellow hole buries a black helmet. Those holes are one next to another, connecting densely and covering a large space. If some of them want to fly out, which is possible—for there is a hole on the bottom of each wooden box, though blocked by a piece of wire, bees are able to fly out. Three or four of them buzz and fly around the smaller hole, but soon they get into it again. You wonder why they go back again, while Lu Feiting is calm for that. He explains that “That is their home! They need to go home!” When elders say the word- “home”, we must show our respect. Suddenly, you feel shame for your ignorance. Alas! You know nothing about the bees, let alone the feeling of bees to its home. In your knowledge spectrum, bee’s home is never considered as an important thing.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 他将木板竖起来之后，奇迹发生了——所有的蜜蜂都牢牢地攀附着巢穴，并没有让它们的队伍发生一丝一毫的改变。之后，最令人惊骇的一幕出现了——当他将隔板放回蜂箱时，你看到箱子内部还有三四块相似的隔板，每一块隔板的正反两面，都密麻麻地攀附着一大堆蜜蜂。一层毛茸茸之后是另一个层，层层相连。最终，他稳稳当当地将板子卡在箱子上后，那些蜜蜂便都隐入暗处，像是回到了深夜。他将塑料薄膜轻轻遮住木箱的顶部，又拿起一块装着细纱的框子扣在塑料布上，最后再盖上木板和毛巾。<br /> 他是在养蜂中重新认识了自己的——起初，他认为自己是个瘦小而虚弱的男人，又没有太多的钱，简直像山路上的树叶般随处可见。后来，他发现自己能和蜜蜂互动——他比别人更能察觉那些小家伙的心思。一旦它们想从休息状态置换给活动状态，只需扑棱一下翅膀，他便会接收到信息。他由此而得意起来——他觉得那些蜜蜂很听从他的指挥，由此，他便成为了蜜蜂的统治者。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> After he erected the plank, a miracle happened -- all the bees clung tightly to the nest without changing their ranks at all. And then the most shocking thing happens -- when he puts the plank back in the hive, you can see three or four more similar partitions inside, each with a swarm of bees clinging to its front and back. One furry layer is followed by another, and the layers are connected. At last, when he had stuck the plank firmly against the box, the bees disappeared into the dark, as if hiding into the night. He gently covered the top of the box with plastic film. He took a frame of muslin and fastened it to the plastic sheet. Finally, he covered it with wood and a towel. It was when he raising bees did he rediscovered himself -- at first he saw himself as a small, weak man without much money, who could be seen like leaves everywhere on a mountain road. Later, he found that he could interact with bees -- he could read the minds of the little bees better than anyone else. If they want to switch from resting state to active state, all they have to do is flap their wings , then he could receive the message. He was proud of it -- he felt that the bees obeyed him, and he became their ruler.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing====<br /> <br /> 他长时间地盯着被咬死的蜂王看。在经历了一场血腥的搏斗后，蜂王的灵魂离开了它的肉体，让那个拥有翅膀的小飞机不再飞翔，而变成了一具没有温度的模型。别人看不见蜂王的灵魂，而他却能看见。他知道那个小影子一直围绕着自己的肉身不断地旋转，最终，那影子像雾一样飞走了。作为蜜蜂的统治者，他却无力阻止蜂王的争夺战。虽然他已非常了解那个拥挤的小世界，但有时，他依旧会感到茫然和惆怅。他从那个世界里体会到了顽强，也从那个世界里体会到了悲凉。<br /> 这么多年一个人过，他不是没想过娶老婆，可是——“想过想不到啊”。他说自己“人丑、家穷、没人要……”年轻时，他家里的生活实在是太穷了。他家有五兄妹，他排行老四。吃饭时，一桌子挤着十几个人，一个月最多只能吃到一次肉。他说自己人穷气短，所以，“根本不敢看女人”。 <br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 鲁思 Lu Si====<br /> <br /> 每当有女人看他，他都会感觉身上穿了件不合适的衣服，不敢深呼吸。他的局促是那样得强烈，以致把看他的女人都给吓跑了。在他40岁时，来了个外地的女人。短暂地交往了一段时间后，那女人还是离开了小村。到50岁后，他渐渐绝了想找女人的念头。<br /> 夕阳笼罩下的连樟村，有着童话般的迷人气质——稻田从金黄色转为铁锈红，碧绿的番薯叶变成了墨绿色，红砖房和它的影子逐渐融为了一体。清新的空气像一缕纱布，而在那一声或两声的狗叫里，又混合着鸟儿的叽叽喳喳。陆飞庭走在田埂边，腰板挺得笔直。这里是他出生的地方，也是他生活了一辈子的地方。他是个如此平凡而简单的人，但却又如此得真诚和质朴。他将自己全部的柔情都献给了这片土地，而他也收获了独属于自己的那一份“糖”。<br /> <br /> ==== 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====<br /> <br /> 天河客运站<br /> <br /> 只需要一个多小时，大巴车就从连江口镇到达了广州天河客运站。从早上7点开始，到下午的6点40分，每隔两小时左右，都有一趟从镇里发往广州的班车，票价为50元。大巴车司机把着方向盘，一路都在飞奔，像一个溜冰运动员在表演。大巴车不断地超车、超车、再超车。一眨眼，它已将大货车、小汽车等都甩得远远的。<br /> 从大巴车上下来，你感觉眼前一阵眩晕——车站里不仅人多楼高，而且到处都是喧嚣声，令你万分不适。你来到侧旁的天河新天地，发现里面的很多铺位都空着。在楼顶的电影院，《少年的你》票价为70元。你坐在楼下的麦当劳，发现周边的年轻人，大多穿着白色T恤衫、黑色九分裤，白色运动鞋。无论是吃炸鸡腿，还是喝可乐，或者品麦旋风，他们都是边吃边看手机。每个人的心思都不在吃上，而是在看上。手机里好像有个大漩涡，能将所有的目光都吸纳到它的中心去。你坐在窗边的位置，能看到玻璃外走过的那些女孩。当你看到一件白色纱裙飘过时，心里想的是，这种款式的裙子在连樟村从未见到。<br /> <br /> ==== 马明宇 Ma Mingyu====<br /> <br /> 其实你知道，天河客运站已显得非常陈旧——灰色的外墙吊挂着褐色雨痕，遮阳棚上的蓝色帆布被晒得发白，而商场里的电影院和快餐店里的炸鸡不过是城市生活的标配。但是，当你设想自己若是一个刚刚离开连樟村的年轻人时——譬如邓春活的女儿，或者林金娣的外孙女——他们会不会觉得眼前的一切都充满魔力？他们会不会觉得欢唱在耳畔的音乐如此动听，晃悠在眼前的色彩如此绚丽，河流般起伏的人群如此浩荡？这就是城市。这里到处都走动着年轻人，到处都是工作机会，到处都是意外和奇遇。<br /> 然而，连樟村还是连樟村——那个位于大山深处的小村子。它是世界上最安静的一个地方。它由亲人、大山、树木、小溪、月光和蝴蝶构成。在村子里，每一个物体都深深地感激着另一个物体，因为没有任何一个物体可以单独存在。世界在彼此相连中越来越浑圆，越来越美好。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> == Part 22 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 彭琦 Peng Qi====<br /> <br /> 第二章 斜周村的日日夜夜<br /> <br /> 奇怪——暴雨如注！这是2019年6月12日的夜晚。真是奇怪得很——那雨从半空泼辣辣坠落，变成了小箭簇，射中了广袤的田野，也射中了挤挤挨挨的屋顶，还射中了一条条蜿蜒的道路。那像黄河般的液体，肆无忌惮地倾泻而下，像根本没有闸门阻拦。雨刮器在眼前迅猛地摇摆，一会儿朝左，一会儿朝右，可前方的道路依旧朦胧难辨。暴雨让浮土化为泥浆，融为稀粥，又黏又滑地粘住车轮。坐在车里的男子名叫漆云良，是个身量适中，体型清瘦，面容秀气的中年男子。现在，他浑身发烫，双腿发麻，眼睛瞪得如铜铃，整颗心都悬在嗓子眼里。<br /> 唉！在粤北的乡村公路上深夜奔袭……在暴雨中命悬一线无处求援……在暗夜里寻不到一条顺畅的道路……这种时空感完全被打乱的生活，和他此前那朝九晚五的日子可谓大相径庭。那时，他穿着白大褂坐在办公桌前，伸手号脉的同时，认真地观察患者的脸色，再和颜悦色地询问病情。他好像电视剧男主角自带光环，总能让患者敞开心扉，吐露心声。<br /> <br /> ==== 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====<br /> <br /> 在这样的暴雨之夜，他因何被困？原来这一天，他到韶关市仁化县有公务。可是，等他准备返回扶溪镇时才发现，通往镇里的两条交通要道都被临时封堵。于是，他决定从白石岭绕道到镇里。然而，偏偏天公不作美！在离镇区还差三四公里的地方，他被迫停下了车——原来，路上有辆大货车，已经侧翻着横在路中。下车后，他发现那货车是甘肃牌照的。虽然货车司机并无大碍，且已报了警等待援救，但路却被封住了，无法前行。他只能掉头往锦江河边246省道行走。这时候，雨变得更加磅礴，简直像水龙头在浇灌。一路上，他忍受着道路的颠簸，瞪大眼睛凝视窗外，生怕有一丝闪失。在他的脑海里，突然凸显出“天苍苍，野茫茫”的诗句。他前半生所有的经验，都是用来处理疾病的，而现在，他却像个小学生，要努力解答当下的这个簇新问题。他祈求上苍让雨量变得小一些，让他能尽快回到镇里，走进村里的那间老屋。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====<br /> <br /> 然而，老天偏偏和他作对！在行驶了40分钟后，车子再次戛然停住——此地距离镇区仅差8公里。然而，省道出现了山体滑坡——有一大堆泥土横亘在道路中间。他下车后查看了情况，打了报警电话后，眉头紧锁。现在，这里前不沾村，后不着店，而从浓墨般的天空飘荡下的雨滴，丝毫不见有停歇迹象。漆云良感觉浑身的骨架都要裂开，整个人要瘫软在椅子上。虽然他的年龄已到了知天命时，但他的头发一直乌黑发亮，总感觉身上有用不完的劲。然而这一瞬刻，他有些泄气。如此颠簸和折腾，让他的胃像被一只大手抓挠，一阵阵地发潮犯呕。他皱着眉头思忖：两次道路被断……暗黑的夜空依旧泼洒大雨……难道，这是老天故意跟他作对，要出道试卷考他的耐心和毅力？而现在，天地像被按了暂停键，让所有的道路都莫名堵死。怎么办？往前走是不可能的，可往后退到县城，万一再遇到新的滑坡怎么办？他的太阳穴一阵阵发紧，翻腾的脑浆拍击着脑壳，感觉一阵阵疼痛。最终，他铤而走险地做出选择：“回县城！”<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 卿子晔 Qing Ziye====<br /> <br /> 于是，车轮在泥泞中再次旋转起来，嗤啦嗤啦地溅起泥浆；于是，车内人的呼吸也再次变得紧张急促；于是，雨刮器再次迅猛地摇摆，一会儿朝左，一会儿朝右。坚持！坚持！再坚持！漆云良暗中为自己打气，决不能松懈！决不能放弃！决不能溃散！就这样煎熬着，直至深夜12点半。等远处的一片灯火映入眼帘时，他紧绷的身体才软了下来：县城到了！等找到家宾馆躺在床上时，他简直像破了壳的大虾般酥软，直接颓塌成一堆肉泥。如此高强度的生死考验，他终于通过了！迷迷糊糊地闭上眼睛后，他听到有人在耳畔呼喊——“漆书记”；可另一些人又在唤他——“漆医生”。唉！是从什么时候开始，他从“漆医生”变成“漆书记”的？左思右想，他找到了那个“改变日”—— 2019年5月13日。<br /> <br /> == Part 23 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 仇绪 Qiu Xu====<br /> <br /> 第一个粤北乡村的夜晚<br /> <br /> 那一日于别人，是极普通的一日；可对漆云良来说，却是他的“转折日”——他是在这一日来到斜周村的。那天上午，他从东莞市凤岗镇出发，驱车4小时赶到韶关市仁化县。在县人民政府参加的会，是他平生第一次参加的有关扶贫内容的会。在这个关于广东省扶贫政策的视频会议中，他听到了各种陌生的新名词、新条款、新政策。他一边在笔记本上做着记录，一边像收音机转换频道般，将自己的思维从医学术语的世界里挪移开。虽然在这天之前，他是名医生，在东莞市凤岗镇社区卫生服务中心副主任的位置上供职，然而现在，他已是扶溪镇斜周村的第一书记兼扶贫队长。<br /> <br /> ==== 全永慧 Quan Yonghui====<br /> <br /> 漆云良记得很清楚——他简直一辈子都不会忘记——傍晚时分，当他来到斜周村时，被眼前的景象震住了。这是一个粤北版本的世外桃源——山林夹杂着田野，屋舍伴随着橘林，袅袅的炊烟云雾般缭绕半空。虽然美丽和富饶总是相连在一起，然而这个小村，虽然“美丽”，但却并不“富饶”。斜周村是广东省的省定贫困村。在全村256户的1000多人口中，有41户是贫困户，共172人。现在，当漆云良穿行过小村的乡间小路时，内心起伏跌宕——从这一日起，自己的生命便与这片土地紧密相连了起来。<br /> 事实上，像漆云良这样，从不同的工作岗位奔赴到贫困村去的人，并不是少数。自2016年以来，东莞市便承担起韶关和揭阳两市的扶贫任务。这两个城市内共有13个县（市、区）的323个相对贫困村需要帮扶。在这些村里，共有15929户相对贫困户，51840人相对贫困人口。为此，东莞市安排了32个镇街、31个市直单位、9个市属企业承担对口帮扶任务。到2019年，东莞市共累计落实扶贫资金18.49亿元。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====<br /> <br /> 在这3年里，东莞市分两批共派出780多名扶贫干部参与两市的脱贫攻坚任务；同时，自2016年以来，东莞市按照国家东西部扶贫协作工作的安排，对口帮扶云南省昭通市的6个贫困县区。到2019年，东莞市已累计向昭通市投入财政援助资金11.38亿元，带动贫困人口191223人次，帮扶协作项目受惠覆盖人口超过80万人。经过3年多的努力，昭通市剩余贫困人口由2015年末的111万余人，下降至2019年末的18万人左右，贫困发生率由21.5%下降至4%左右；昭通市6个国家级贫困县中有5个已实现脱贫摘帽。<br /> 在离开东莞前，漆云良曾做了大量的案头工作。通过查阅书籍，他了解到仁化县的历史相当得不平凡——该县位于粤地北部，是广东、湖南和江西三省的交接处。早在公元前207年，南越王赵佗便在这里筑城，筑城处至今仍称为“城口”。斜周村是仁化县扶溪镇的一个普通村落，面积只有28.8平方公里，林地面积约有2.7万亩，其中生态公益林面积1万多亩，耕地面积3000亩。<br /> <br /> ==== 疏珊 Shu Shan====<br /> <br /> 这个村庄具有典型的粤北乡村的特色——小村四周环绕着森林，气候温暖而潮湿，雨水异常丰沛，生态环境保护得十分良好。村里那条彩虹般蜿蜒而过的小河，有个很好听的名字：锦江。在小村内部，分布着四座小型水电站和几处天然的温泉。小村尚处于纯天然状态——无论是在山上或田地，江边或滩头，人们随时都能看到形态各异的飞禽和走兽。村民们掰着指头数着：白鹇、麻鹇、野鸡、猫头鹰、金环蛇、眼镜蛇、银环蛇、竹叶青、野猪、黄猄等动物的身影，都时常出没在村里。小村下辖8个自然村——西坑、黄石坑、小枧坑、船头、大印头、瑶前、上湾、黄溪水——号称“三坑二头瑶水湾”。<br /> <br /> It is a typical northern Guangdong village. Embowered by forests, it has warm and humid climate coupled by abundant rainfall, and a well-protected ecological environment. The colorful river wandering through the village has a nice name: Jin River (Jin: bright and beautiful). Inside the village, there are four small hydroelectric power stations and several natural hot springs. The village is still in a pure and undisturbed state. Be it in the mountains or in the fields, by the river or on the beach，one can always see various birds and animals, including silver pheasants, bittern, pheasants, owls, golden-ringed snakes, cobras, silver-ringed snakes, trimeresurus, boars, and muntiacus muntjak. It has 8 subvillages: Xikeng, Huangshikeng, Xiaosankeng, Funtou, Dayintou, Yaoqian, Shangwan and Huangxishui.<br /> <br /> The village with typical northern Guangdong features is embowered by forests. It has warm and humid climate coupled by abundant rainfall, and a well-protected ecological environment. The colorful river wandering through the village has a nice name: Jin River (Jin: bright and beautiful). Inside the village are four small hydroelectric power stations and several natural hot springs. The village is still in a pure and undisturbed state. Be it in the mountains or in the fields, by the river or on the beach，one can always see various birds and animals, including silver pheasants, bittern, pheasants, owls, golden-ringed snakes, cobras, silver-ringed snakes, trimeresurus, boars, and muntiacus muntjak. It has 8 subvillages: Xikeng, Huangshikeng, Xiaosankeng, Funtou, Dayintou, Yaoqian, Shangwan and Huangxishui.<br /> <br /> ==== 王芳玲 Wang Fangling====<br /> <br /> <br /> 这一夜，漆云良趁着暮色走进村委，推开那间拥挤而简陋的旧屋。他先是打开简易床铺好被褥，又将30多本医学书籍摆放后，准备安眠。虽然才是初夏，可岭南乡村的天气早已暑热熏<br /> 蕴。这间小屋里，不仅潮气冲天，且蚊子众多，总在头顶发出嗡嗡嗡的轰炸声。辗转反侧，他虽然困乏至极，但却怎么都睡不着，只见迷离的月光从窗格子里照进来，在地上形成了朦胧的各种图案。他努力地安慰自己——从过去那安逸的环境里跳脱出来，到一个全然陌生的地方重新开始生活，最初的不适是难免的，但只要调整好心理结构和生活习惯，一样可以适应。<br /> 突然，一阵山风将窗棂拍打得呼哧呼哧响，又听得婉转的鸟叫和响亮的犬吠从更远处传来。索性，他从床上坐起，趿上鞋走到门外去。夜幕下的小村朦朦胧胧，只有远处农家的窗子里透出如豆的灯光。他嗅到了一股浓烈的土腥味——那是混合着泥土、植物和雨水的那种味道，那是他从小就很熟悉、但却早已忘记的味道。现在，他好像是一个少年，站在故乡的小村里，满脑子都是奇思妙想。是的。从今日之后，这个村庄的梦将和他的梦紧密相连在一起。返回屋内，他打开灯，在笔记本写下这样一句话：“人生一念，今日开启。”<br /> <br /> After walking into the village committee at dusk, Chia Yunliang pushed the door into the crowded and simple old hut. Opening the simple bed at first, laying out the bedding and placing more than 30 medical books in the room, then he prepared for a sound sleep. In spite of the early summer, the weather in the southern countryside in Lingnan area had already been hot and smoky. The hut, not only being damp and full of a lot of mosquitoes that always buzzed above his head. Tossing and turning, he could not sleep, though he was extremely sleepy, only to see the misty moonlight shining in through the window panes, forming hazy patterns on the floor. He tried hard to comfort himself - the initial discomfort was inevitable when he jumped out of the comfortable environment of the past and started life anew in a completely new place, but he could adapt as long as he adjusted his mental structure and living habits. Suddenly, a mountain breeze slapped the window pane with a whirring sound, and he heard the gentle chirping of birds and the loud barking of dogs coming from further away. That’s when he sat up from his bed, slipped on his shoes and went to the door. The village was hazy at night, with only bean-like lights coming from the windows of farmer's houses in the distance. He smelled a strong smell of earth - a mixture of dirt, plants and rainwater, a smell he had known since childhood, but had long forgotten. Now, it was as if he was a teenager standing in his hometown's small village, filled with whimsical thoughts. It actually was. After today, the dream of this village will be closely linked with his own dream. Returning to the house, he turned on the light and wrote down this sentence in his notebook: &quot;A thought of life, began today.&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== 王纪龙 Wang Jilong====<br /> <br /> 在离开东莞前，漆云良已做好村里“条件差”的准备，然而第二天一早，他所目睹到的现实，还是令他有些瞠目——整个村委只有一个水龙头，装在厕所里，供煮饭、烧开水、洗澡和冲厕之用。看着那龌蹉到发黑的水质，他皱起了眉头。作为职业医生，他即刻便意识到，长期饮用这样的水对身体是有害的。由此，他也意识到，在他即将要展开的工作中，“健康”一词将占有重要位置。其实，漆云良一点也不惧怕乡村生活。因为他从小生活的那个地方——湖南邵阳新宁县白马田乡义兴桥村6组漆家庄——便是个靠近桂林的丘陵小村。漆家庄内有50多户人家，260多口人。从小村到县城有40公里，坐车大约需要一个多小时。时光迢迢，难以追捕。漆云良想起自己的学生时代——他曾是义兴桥小学的小学生，白马田中学及新宁三中的中学生。1989年，当他考上广州中医学院中医系时，成为漆家庄的第一位大学生。<br /> <br /> ==== 王露 Wang Lu====<br /> <br /> 想起自己的父亲，漆云良便想起了一个词——“艰辛一世”。父亲是长子，家中有7兄妹。在父亲22岁，祖母去世；之后不到两年，祖父双目失明。父亲不仅要带着祖父到处寄人篱下，四处寻医问药，还要担负起照料兄弟姐妹的重担。父亲成为了家里的主心骨，扛起了各种大小事务，终于将弟妹们全都抚养成人。父亲极为公道正派，且胆量过人，口才出众。他是那种勤劳善良且善解人意的人，虽然只读过高小，但很早就被选入村、大队、公社工作。他曾教过书，修过铁路，在食品站工作过，后来又当了30多年的支部书记，是连续三届的县人大代表，在村里享有极高的威望。<br /> <br /> ==== 王琪 Wang Qi====<br /> <br /> 在漆云良赴广州读书之际，父亲宴请了亲朋好友。亲戚们虽然经济都很拮据，但却拿出大小不一的红包，鼓励漆云良能早日成才，变成国家的栋梁。临行时，父亲抓着他的手说：“儿子，学医就是要救人，要积德，希望你好好学习，回来给乡亲们看病。”拜别父亲后，这个怀揣梦想的年轻人来到广州的三元里，与中医懵懂相遇后，便一头扎进阴阳五行、脏腑经络的世界中。虽然他整日与医书草药混迹在一起，但从不觉得乏味与苦涩。5年倏忽而过。当他毕业时，放弃了到珠海某医院的工作机会，毅然回到新宁县中医院，成为第一个分配到这里的医学本科生。<br /> “回来给乡亲们看病”是父亲对他的嘱托，然而在基层医院里，学中医的他总感觉放不开手脚。1999年年初，当他接到湘雅医院的进修通知书时，激动地落下了泪。在那段刻苦求学的日子<br /> 里，他不仅获得了多位老师的认可，弥补了现代医学的不足，还能娴熟处理消化内科、心血管内科、新生儿科的常见病和多发病。籍此，他晋升为西医内科主治医师，而“多西少中”的方法则成为他的主要医疗手段。<br /> <br /> ==== 汪世博 Wang Shibo====<br /> <br /> 2000年8月，他调到东莞市凤岗人民医院。东莞是改革开放的前沿城市，大量的工厂吸引来大批的外来人口，故而这里的流动人口多，病人也多，工作量非常大，医院发展非常迅猛。漆云良在东莞如蛟龙入海，感觉真正做到了学以致用。到了2007年时，他已完成广东医学院中西医结合临床专业研究生课程进修班，获得了硕士结业证书。之后，他主持完成东莞市科技局科研立项三项，广东省中医药局科研立项一项，在国内杂志上发表论文10余篇。2008年8月，当他晋升为中西医结合专业副主任医师后，主动请缨，希望到社区卫生服务中心工作。十年过去后，他又主动请缨，希望到粤北山区去扶贫。在取得了妻儿的理解后，他毅然踏上了行程。<br /> <br /> ==== 王雅姝 Wang Yashu====<br /> <br /> 从东莞出发到仁化县，再到扶溪镇的斜周村，他已深深体会到一种“无计划”的生活——显然，基层干部的日常与医生的大相径庭——医院就像军队，有严格的时间限制和区域划分，每个人都清楚自己的位置和职责；而乡村工作，不仅要处理常规事务，还要有机敏的应变能力，要根据不同时期的重点随时调整工作重心。在度过了那个混沌之夜后，他于凌晨5点醒来。既然已经脱离了原有的生活状态，那么，就要赶快建立起新的习惯。晨读和晨跑是不能或缺的——这是他多年养成的习惯——晨读可增强心智，晨跑可增强体质。在村里跑步，感觉完全不同——乡村的晨光异常娇嫩，漫天云霞像一条条橙红浅粉的带子，空气清新得像被过滤了一千遍——在奔跑时，他感觉身体格外轻盈，像有一双大手在托举着。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 王植碧 Wang Zhibi====<br /> <br /> 他今天要干的第一件事，不是开会，不是学文件，而是练习骑摩托车！虽然他是开着自己的汽车来到小村的，但村子四周环绕群山，要想到各个自然村去，只能骑摩托车穿过那些乡村小路。最初，他学得颤颤巍巍，但练习了几次后，他便掌握了规律，变得有模有样起来。等到老队长蔡广京来找他时，他已像个熟练的骑手。之后，两个人骑在摩托车上出发，驶向贫困户家中。原本，这个草绿色的小村到处都静悄悄的，只有偶尔的几声鸟鸣犬吠。突然间，突突的摩托车声传来，由远及近，且越来越响亮。这个身处21世纪之初的小村，看起来如诞生时那样依然故我，然而，它在未来将会明白，随着那突突声到来的，远不止是一个新人。新响动便意味着新变化，新变化便意味着新生活。<br /> <br /> The first thing he will do today is not a meeting, not to learn the document, but to practice riding a motorcycle. Though he drove his own car to this small village, the village was surrounded by mountains. To think of various natural villages, he can only ride a motorcycle through those rural roads. At first, he learned trembling, but after several times of practice, he mastered the rules and became more like a model. When Cai Guangjing, the old captain, came to him, he was like a skilled rider. After that, the two people set out on motorcycles and drove to the poor families. Originally, the grass green village was quiet everywhere, with only a few occasional birdsong and barking. Suddenly, the sudden sound of motorcycles came from far to near, and became louder and louder. This small village at the beginning of the 21st century looks as if it were still the same as it was when it was born. However, it will understand in the future that with the sudden sound, it is far from just a new person. New sounds mean new changes, and new changes mean new life.<br /> <br /> ==== 王智灵 Wang Zhiling ====<br /> <br /> 很多时日后，当漆云良回忆起那一天的遭遇时，都感觉很难用合适的词汇来表述。他是职业医生，见过了太多的苦难，具有更强的忍耐力，然而那一天，当他目睹到那些深陷贫困深井的人们时，还是感觉喉头哽咽，鼻孔发酸。原本，关于贫困村和贫困人口，都是一些纸上的数字，出现在电视新闻里；而现在，当他的身影进入那一间间小屋，与一个又一个的人劈面相逢时，一下子，他像推开了玻璃门，进入到一个格外真实而具体的世界。在这个王国里，所有的疼痛都被放大镜扩大，所有的苦难都以双倍呈现，所有的挣扎都显得尤为激烈而艰涩。他是渐渐才明白的——贫困对人类所造成的伤害，他是从这一户户人家的具体遭遇中获悉的。在此之前，“贫困”只是一个名词；在此之后，“贫困”是那一个个具体的人名。<br /> <br /> Many days later, when Qi Yunliang recalled what happened that day, he found it difficult to find appropriate words to express. He is a professional doctor who has seen too much suffering and has stronger endurance than normal people. However, on that day, when he witnessed those people who were trapped in the deep well of poverty, he still felt his throat choked and his nostrils sour. Originally, all he knew about the impoverished villages and the impoverished population were figures on paper that appeared on the TV news; but now, when he entered those huts and met people face to face, all of a sudden, it was as if he had pushed a glass door and entered an extraordinarily real and concrete world. In this kingdom, all pain is magnified by a magnifying glass, all suffering is doubled, and all struggles are more intense and difficult. It was only gradually that he realized the harm that poverty caused to human beings, and he learned from the specific experiences of these families. Before that, &quot;poverty&quot; was just a noun; but after that, &quot;poverty&quot; was the name of each specific person.<br /> <br /> ==== 吴博涵 Wu Bohan====<br /> <br /> 初次见到“驼子”后，漆云良的下巴都要被惊掉——他可真黑！那黑就写在脸上、脖颈上、手背上、脚踝上。那黑是一团一团的，看起来很柔软，但却又显得很寒冷。这个人整个都沉浸在暗黑之中，像是一个琥珀。再细细一瞧，唉，那头发因多日没洗而粘连成片！那冲天的大鼻孔里正呼哧呼哧喘着粗气！那眼珠像是给强光晃过，瞳孔还没有调整到位置！村里人早已忘记他叫“刘健业”，而习惯性地喊他为“驼子”。<br /> After Qi Yunliang saw the &quot;Tuozi&quot; for the first time, it made his jaw drop-he was so black! The black was shown on his face, neck, back of his hand and ankle. The black was clumpy and looked soft, but it seemed frigid. The whole man was immersed in darkness, like an amber. By a closer look, alas, the hair was glued to pieces because it has not been washed for many days! The big nostrils were wheezing and panting! The eyeballs seemed to had been shaken by the bright light, and the pupils had not been adjusted to the right position! The villagers had long forgotten that his name was &quot;Liu Jianye&quot; and called him &quot;Tuozi&quot; as a force of habit. <br /> <br /> 在见“驼子”之前，漆云良已在心里提前预演过一番，然而，他还是被这个人的黑吓了一跳。这个已66岁的男人，整个脊背完全拱了起来，让后背像是背了个倒扣的大铁锅。他只有1.4米左右，套着件宽大而皱巴的夹克衫，脚上的黄胶鞋因沾满泥点而泛白，透着股难掩的萧索味。<br /> Before seeing Tuozi, Qi Yunliang has prepared for a bit in advance, but he was still startled by the man's darkness. The 66-year-old man's entire back is completely arched, making him look like an iron pan, upside-down. He is only about 1.4 meters tall, wearing a loose and wrinkled jacket, and the yellow rubber shoes on his feet are somehow white with mud spots, with a bleak smell that cannot be hidden. <br /> <br /> “驼子”很爱笑，一笑就咧开大嘴，露出门牙脱落后形成的黑洞。“驼子”又聋又哑，属于完全丧失劳动能力的五保户。他一直单身，每月有1000多元的补助，虽然日常生活没啥问题，但一个人的日子却显得恓惶而孤单。<br /> Tuozi smiles a lot and he grins whenever he smiles, exposing the black hole formed after the loss of his front teeth. Tuozi is deaf and dumb and classified as the five guarantees who have completely lost their abilities to work. He has always been single, with a monthly subsidy of more than 1000 yuan. Although his daily living is not much of a problem, his life seems dismayed and lonely.<br /> <br /> ==== 伍超穎 Wu Chaoying====<br /> <br /> 一进聂球生家的门，漆云良便掏出听诊器和血压计，主动为老聂的老母亲号脉和测量血压。男主人是个身量高大的男人，理着板寸，有着一张很富态的圆脸，大腿和胳膊都显得粗壮有力，腰上还挺着个小肚腩。他母亲已80高龄，不仅患有高血压，还有糖尿病等多种疑难杂症。漆云良叮嘱老聂要多注意老太太身体的变化，如果有什么不好的症状出现，就及时给他打电话。做儿子的，边听边点头，一个劲地说着嗯嗯。老聂的身子骨看起来很是强壮，可他家为何成为贫困户？原来，出了老母亲是个病秧子，他的孩子们都处于求学阶段，那一年好几万的学杂费，就像是一把耙子，一下子便将这个家的家底给搂空了。老聂不是好吃懒做之辈，一年到头都在橘园里辛苦地苦扒苦挣，可橘园里的收入不单靠农人的辛苦，还得看老天爷的脸色。任何一场干旱或者暴雨，都能将那些可以变成钱的橘子打得稀巴烂，让农人白白辛苦一场而无所获。<br /> <br /> ==== 吴敏 Wu Min====<br /> <br /> 到了刘培宗的家，漆云良的整个身子被定住了，简直卖不开步子——这间老屋像个黑黢黢的洞穴，不仅阴暗潮湿，且墙基不稳，显得岌岌可危。原来，这间屋子已成钉子户——作为全村唯一的一间没有被改造的危房，它的模样格外扎眼。男主人刘培宗身量适中，体型健壮，理着个小平头，一张圆脸显得很慈祥；妻子的身形较为苗条，虽然皮肤苍黄，但五官很是清秀，脸上浮着局促而羞涩的笑容。两个人都习惯性地打着赤脚，趿着拖鞋。他家有五口人，母亲高龄且多病，两个女儿均在求学——大女儿在广州培正学院人力资源管理专业读本科，小女儿在仁化县中学读高二。虽然800多棵柑橘树是家里的主要收入来源，但和老母亲的医药费及女儿的学费相比，还是入不敷出。挣的钱抵不上要花的，所以日子便过得缩手缩脚。当漆云良询问他家新房的修建进度后，即刻绽开了笑容。原来，新房已于这年5月开始动工，预计年底便可竣工。“好啊好啊！如果完成验收，马上就能获得国家的4万元补助啊！”刘培宗自知旧房拖了全村人的后腿，即刻点头又点头。<br /> <br /> ==== 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli====<br /> <br /> 聂池生的家是一座新房，屋里的墙壁刷得雪白，摆着红木沙发和原木色饭桌，显得格外簇新。男主人有些微胖，看着既和善又精明，是这家人的主心骨。他打开饭桌上的那个塑料罐，将黄澄澄的液体倒入塑料杯——原来，那是老聂自己酿的蜂蜜！漆云良看到蜂蜜在阳光下显得晶莹剔透，像融化了的黄金，再啜饮一口后，感觉滋味极馥郁甜美。老聂有这样的手艺，何以成为贫困户？原来，他家有六口人——老聂夫妇俩，儿子聂玖文和儿媳刘秀清，读小学的孙女聂红苹和上幼儿园的孙子聂红芸。老聂家的主要收入靠种植贡柑和养殖蜂蜜，但农业收入受天气等外界影响较大，故而，他家的收入并不稳定；再加上家里无一人在外打工，使这家人的日子也皱皱巴巴，不那么舒坦。<br /> <br /> ==== 席书涵 Xi Shuhan====<br /> <br /> 之后，漆云良骑在摩托车上，又继续寻访了不少贫困户。奔波一整天，回到村委的住处时，天色已变得浓黑起来。他随便地扒拉了两口饭后，便打开笔记本，写下这一天的行程。初夏的夜空显得宁静而高远，山风裹挟着清凉穿堂而过。漆云良的身体虽然已异常疲惫，但精神却相当活跃。他在这一天的经历，纠正了他以往的认知。不，贫困户的贫困并非天生造成的，而是各种原因的叠加使然。要将身处贫困陷阱里的人拉出来，便要找绳子，找梯子，找架子。只要给他们一点机会，便会激发出他们的潜能。<br /> <br /> ==== 夏盼 Xia Pan====<br /> <br /> 通过几天连续寻访，漆云良逐渐地理清了思路。事实上，这个小村就是一个微缩的小社会，每一块地都有独属于它的历史，就像每一幢房，每一个人那样。在这样一个村子里，贫困户的位置就像护城河，始终处于最外围，始终是矮人一头，始终被疏离所包裹。漆云良意识到，若想把每一户的情况都摸清摸透，单靠口头询问是不够的，还得有详细记录。于是，他像人类学家设计田野调查表那样，设计了一张专门针对贫困户的《入户调查表》，其内容涉及健康状况、外出务工、家庭收入、政策满意程度等。当他带着表格走访村民时，还同时带着血压计和听诊器。他深深懂得，“各家有本难念的经”。要知道，让贫困户把自己当成朋友，倾吐家里的秘密，并非一件容易的事。因为贫穷的人自尊心更强，有着更顽强的防卫机制，他们会以某种友好的方式拒绝别人对他家的窥视。然而，如果来做调查的书记同时是医生，可以给家人坐免费体检，那情形便会大不相同。<br /> <br /> ==== 夏依颐 Xia Yiyi ====<br /> <br /> 此后的一周时间里，他不仅跑遍了八个自然村落，深入到每一户人家，而且还获得了很多意外的收获。“粤北的农民其实非常能干！”这是他发自肺腑的结论。他始终记得自己是一个乡村少年，能上大学当医生都离不开土地的供养，而现在，当他深入到乡村内部，倾听每一位农人的心声时，他感觉自己慢慢了解了他们的难处，懂得了他们需要怎样的帮助。他的工作思路是逐渐的——要以产业帮扶为主，先解决最紧迫的收入问题；再以健康帮扶为辅，防止贫困户返贫；同时，还要进行心灵帮扶，让大家有信心有决心摘掉穷帽子，最终迈上良性循环的步调。<br /> 事实上，到2019年年底，漆云良已从新闻里了解到这些信息——东莞市为帮扶韶关和揭阳两市的323个贫困村，共引进农业龙头企业141个，建立合作社271个，培育农业特色产业490个，还打造出冬瓜村、百香果村、芒果村等一大批特色产业村，组织贫困劳动力转移就业一万多人，使两市有劳动力贫困户的年人均可支配收入达15670.44元，年均增长22%；同时，东莞市还安排了6个牵头镇街、16个协助镇街与昭通市6个贫困县区开展“携手奔小康”行动，累计投入财政资金3843万元，结对帮扶贫困乡镇51个—— 而他所在的斜周村，是那323个村庄中的一个。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 夏紫纯 Xia Zichun====<br /> <br /> 和其他村庄相比，斜周村的各项条件都实属一般。村里那号称“三坑二头瑶水湾”的八个自然村，所处的位置都非常分散，且村里的农村集体经济薄弱，村容村貌也亟待治理。对全村村民而言，最重要的收入来自外出打工，其次才是农业种植。虽然村民们也种水稻，也卖毛竹，但几乎每一家都更仰仗贡柑和沙糖橘的收入。然而，这种经济模式十分单一，且没有形成一定规模，更谈不上品牌效应——一旦老天不给面子，这一年的收成便会大打折扣，继而严重影响正常生活。他皱着眉头思忖——产业扶贫是重中之重。在他看来，若贫困户家里有富余劳动力，便一定要鼓励这些人外出打工，这样既可保持一个固定的收入来源，还可减少对农业收入的依赖；其次，要努力提高农产品的收入，以确保增产也增收。小村地处偏远，信息闭塞，所以农产品的价格不高，销量也不大，很难形成规模产业。如此，村里是否可搭建起一个更好的销售平台？是否能种植些经济效益更高的作物？如果家里人手少，无法外出打工，可否在农闲时就近打零工以补贴家用？<br /> <br /> ==== 向明慧 Xiang Minghui====<br /> <br /> 针对健康扶贫，他要做的是长远打算。村里的人看起来都有些老相，且病人的人数也相当多，这和村人长期从事体力劳动有关，还和抽烟、饮酒、打牌等的不良生活习惯有关，也和多油重盐的饮食习惯有关；再加上水质差，没有锻炼意识，故而在村里现有的贫困户中，有40%是因病、残、智、伤等造成长期缺乏劳动力，最终形成了贫困的恶果。全村有高血压患者45人，糖尿病患者15人，长期卧床及行动不便者8人。在41户贫困户中，有41位残疾人员。作为职业医生，他敏感地意识到——若疾病问题不解决，很多贫困户都会面临返贫的风险。他想制订一些健康家庭计划、慢性病康复计划等，可防止贫困户家庭因病返贫。<br /> To help the impoverished villagers resulted from health problems, Qi had to make long-term plans. The villagers looked older and many of them contracted diseases because they continuously conduct manual labor and had unhealthy living habits, including smoking, drinking, playing cards and oily and salty diets. Coupled with the poor water quality and lack of exercise, 40 percent of current poor households were short of labor perennially due to their injuries, illnesses and physical and mental disabilities. There were 45 villagers with hypertension, 15 with diabetes and 8 bedridden ones with mobility difficulties. Among the 41 poor households, there were 41 disabled villagers. As a professional doctor, Qi was acutely aware that many poor families would face the risk of returning to poverty without solution to their diseases. Therefore, he was intended to make healthy family plans and chronic disease rehabilitation plans as a remedy. <br /> <br /> 在村里走访的这些天，漆云良还发现，比物质贫穷更为可怕的，是心灵的贫瘠与麻木。在他看来，如果灵魂溃散了，再丰富的物质和再强壮的身体，都不会感受到幸福。现在，村里有个别人整日里“等、靠、要”，用懒惰和怨憎建起一座隐形的城堡，任是谁都走不进去。要怎么才能攻克那道高墙，让阳光照耀进去？还有一些人，因长期处于贫困状态而深感自卑，总是唯唯诺诺，匮乏创新精神。要怎样才能让那些总是低头闪躲的人，不要再像扛负着无法被原宥的罪过般，挺胸抬头地走路呢？<br /> During his visit in the village, he found that the barrenness and numbness of souls were worse than material scarcity. He believed those with wealthy life and strong bodies could hardly feel happy if their souls were rotten. At that time, some villagers always waited for subsidies and assistance without any enthusiasm to live a better life by themselves. Their idleness and resentment were alike to an invisible fortress preventing others from getting in. Qi was wondering how to make warmth and hope break that wall. Some were chained by inferiority stemmed from their lasting miseries, thus becoming submissive fossils. Looking at those who’d walked with their heads down and been afraid of looking into others’ eyes, Qi was eager to find ways to help them be confident and relived from imprisonment of souls.<br /> <br /> == Part 24 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 柑橘、蜂蜜和葡萄柚<br /> <br /> Citrus, Honey and Grapefruit<br /> <br /> Citrus, Honey and Grapefruit<br /> <br /> 即便农业收入极不稳定，受制天气及市场等各种因素，然而贡柑、沙糖橘及各类蔬菜，依旧是斜周村人除外出务工外的主要收入。漆云良思忖，虽然村里通过扶贫资金，已投资光伏、中金岭南、猕猴桃、黑山羊等产业项目，让贫困户每年约有1000多元的分红，但还需通过各种方式，努力拓宽农产品的销售渠道，提高农产品的价格，以增加贫困户的收入。在挨家挨户的走访中，他听到不少贫困户提出这样的疑问——“为啥我家的橘子挂果没有别人家多？”——其实，这个问题实际上反应了贫困户在劳作中，匮乏农业科技指导的问题。籍此，他通过县扶贫办的牵线搭桥，专门请有经验的农业专家来到村里讲课，专门解决村民遇到的施肥、挂果等实际问题。<br /> <br /> Even though agricultural income was extremely unstable and was affected by various factors such as the weather and the market, tribute oranges, sugar oranges and various vegetables were still the main income of people in Xiezhou village except for migrant work. Qi Yunliang considered, with poverty alleviation funds, although the village had invested in photovoltaic generation system, Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Non-ferrous metal Company Limited, kiwifruit planting, black goat farming and other industrial projects to provide the poor households an annual dividend of about 1,000 yuan, the village also needed to expand the distribution channels and raise the price of agricultural products through various means to increase the income of poor households. During his door-to-door visits, he heard from many poor households who asked, &quot;Why don't we harvest as many oranges as others?&quot; In fact, the problem actually reflected the lack of agricultural guidance in science and technology about the work of the poor households. So, through the county poverty alleviation office matchmaking, he specially invited experienced agricultural experts to come to the village to give lectures, specifically in order to solve the villager’s encountered problems like fertilization, harvest and other practical problems.<br /> <br /> <br /> Even if agricultural income was extremely unstable and was vulnerable to various factors such as the weather and the market, tribute oranges, sugar oranges and various vegetables were still the main income of Xiezhou villagers aside from migrant work. Qi Yunliang considered that with poverty alleviation funds, although the village had invested in photovoltaic generation system, Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Non-ferrous metal Company Limited, kiwifruit planting, black goat farming and other industrial projects to provide the poor households an annual dividend of about 1,000 yuan, the village also needed to get wider distribution and put up the price of agricultural products through all kinds of means to increase the income of poor households. During his door-to-door visits, he heard from many poor households who asked, &quot;Why don't we harvest as many oranges as others?&quot; In fact, the problem actually reflected the lack of agricultural thchnology guidance in the work of poor households. Therefore, through the county poverty alleviation office matchmaking, he specially invited experienced agricultural experts to come to the village to give lectures for solving the villager’s encountered problems like fertilization, harvest and other practical problems.<br /> <br /> ==== 肖娜 Xiao Na====<br /> <br /> 销售则是难中之难——因位于大山身处，山路弯弯造成交通不便，信息匮乏，故而村民们虽然辛苦一年，但往往因为销售不畅，而出现增产不增收的局面。和普通农户相比，贫困户的家底薄，困难多，故而抵御风险的能力便更差。这些人家总像被一种无形的压力所逼迫，总处于束手束脚状态，将日子过得节俭而局促。针对这种情况，漆云良组织扶贫干部们讨论，商量对策。最终，他们决定先免费为贫困户发放种殖苗、养殖苗和化肥等物资，让他们有个良好的起步；而在农业种植期间，请专家来解决实际问题，进行专门的柑橘种植技术培训、电商销售培训，都是为了让农户能提高收入。<br /> <br /> Selling became extremely difficult because the mountainous area and winding roads resulted in inconvenient transportation and lack of information. Therefore, villagers work hard for a year, though they always reduced income despite rising output due to dull sale. Compared with ordinary farmer households, poor ones have low economic state and a large number of difficulties so their risk-resistance capacities are worse. Seemed like being forced by an invisible power, these poor farmer households are tied and only can live a frugal and cramped life. Qi Yunliang organized the cadres alleviating poverty to discuss how to deal with this situation. Finally, they decided to give out such free goods and materials as planting seedlings, breeding seedlings and chemical fertilizer for poor households to have a good beginning; during the farming, some experts were brought in to solve practical problems and trainned the households in specialized citrus cultivation techniques and e-commerce selling. The aim of these measures is to improve farmer households' income.<br /> <br /> <br /> Selling became even more difficult as located in mountain areas, winding roads resulted in traffic inconvenience and privation of necessary information. Though villagers worked hard for a year,<br /> higher input was not accompanied by a higher income owing to the dull sale. Compared with ordinary farmers, low income families struggled against poverty line and tons of challenges, so their risk-resistance capacities were weaker. Being forced by invisible pressure, these poor families were overcautious, living in frugalness and uneasiness. Aiming at this situation, Qi Yunliang organized a discussion with cadres of poverty alleviation to solve this problem and relevant suggestions .Finally, they have decided to give out seedlings, breeding seedlings, chemical fertilizers and other products to poor families for free, aiming to have a good start. During farming, experts were invited to solve practical problems and training in citrus cultivation techniques and e-commerce selling were all special designed to increase their incomes.<br /> <br /> ==== 肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin====<br /> <br /> 在漆云良绞尽脑汁为斜周村出谋划策时，他所倚靠的并非只是他个人的能量，还有整个东莞市的支持。为做好产业合作，推动招商引资和消费扶贫，东莞市做了很多有益探索。譬如，市里结合云南昭通市的现有资源，先后组织了30多批137家企业赴昭通考察，累计引导企业赴昭通开展产业项目127个，累计实际投资16.16亿元。这些举措立竿见影，带动了9781名贫困人口就业脱贫。东莞市还着力扩大消费扶贫规模——累计实际采购金额3.4亿元，带动贫困人口4.6万余人增收。漆云良在韶关市扶溪镇斜周村所做的努力，只是这个大背景中最具体、最细微的那点努力。然而，正是由于像他这样的扶贫干部，以自身努力挖掘出涓涓细流，最终，才汇聚成了一个如入海口般波澜壮阔的画面。<br /> <br /> When Qi Yunliang racked his brain to come up with solutions for Xiezhou Village, he relied not only on his energy, but also on the support of the entire city of Dongguan. Dongguan City has made a lot of rewarding explorations in order to better industrial cooperation, attract business and investment and alleviate poverty through consumption. For example, in combination with the available resources of Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province, Dongguan has organized more than 137 enterprises, devided into 30 groups in total, to visit Zhaotong, and guided enterprises to carry out 127 industrial projects, with a cumulative actual investment of 1.616 billion yuan. These measures had an immediate effect and helped 9,781 people get jobs and lift themselves out of poverty. Dongguan has also made great efforts to expand the scale of alleviating poverty through consumption with the accumulated actual purchase amount reaching 340 million yuan, driving more than 46,000 poor people to increase their incomes. The efforts made by Qi in Xiangzhou Village, Fuxi Town of Shaoguan City, were only the most specific and subtle efforts in the general background. However, it is precisely because of cadres of poverty alleviation like him, with their own efforts to dig up a trickle of water, can finally picture an image of shining streams converge into the sea magnificently.<br /> <br /> ==== 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 这一天，漆云良带着20只鸡和20只鹅，来到西坑村的刘文彬家。30岁出头的刘文彬个子挺高，体型偏瘦，皮肤偏白，眉眼秀气，嘴角总是挂着温和的笑容。他在短袖T恤外又套了件夹克<br /> 衫，牛仔裤下是双黄胶鞋；他的妻子张招桂是个体型偏瘦的女子，瓜子脸上有一双大眼睛。她上身穿着件白色黑条纹连帽衫，下身是黑裤子配黄胶鞋。在他家的院子里，摆放着三轮摩托车和摩托车；在屋外的铁丝上，吊挂着孩子们的袖珍小衣衫。这对勤快的年轻人，已是两个小孩的父母，但却让日子陷入捉衿见肘的状态。原来，男主人自丧失父母，由叔叔抚养长大。现在，56岁的叔叔和他们一起生活。对这对年轻夫妻来说，贫穷就像是一块暗伤，是不能随便揭开来看的，因为那行为会让自己感觉疼痛，也会让别人感觉尴尬。然而，面对漆书记，他们却敞开了心扉。两个人一年到头忙碌在柑橘园，然而柑橘的收入不稳定，有的年份好，有的年份差。两个孩子尚且年幼，而叔叔还需要供养，家里又没有外出打工者，故而这个家便一直挣扎在贫困中。<br /> <br /> ==== 谢茜敏 Xie Ximin====<br /> <br /> 漆云良边听边点头——显然，他们绝不是因为好吃懒做而变得贫穷的；显然，他们一直在努力寻找脱贫的方式方法。现在，他帮这户人家设计方案——丈夫主要干橘园里的重体力活，在山水间用心经营果园和鱼塘；妻子在家搞网上经营，通过建立微信群、微信空间、现场主播自家特色农产品等方式，形成一个固定的客户群。谈完了纸上的计划，漆云良并没有离开，反而戴上了白手套，和夫妻俩一起到橘园里去劳动。在这片貌似普通的园子里，栽种着1100棵贡柑和砂糖橘。这些树木显得郁郁葱葱，长势良好。站在柑橘树下，刘文彬说着自己的畅想——到2020年时，再种上800棵柑橘，再挖上三口鱼塘！<br /> <br /> ====谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou====<br /> <br /> 唉，2019年注定是不平凡的一年——上半年村里遭遇到洪涝，下半年又遭遇到干旱。望着那些个小皮厚的柑橘，贫困户们变得忧心忡忡；每一年，单是这些人家的柑橘就能产30万斤，而这也是除务工外最重要的收入来源。可今年的柑橘长成这模样，该咋办？这些外形差的柑橘，卖出的价格偏低。到了年底，又突遇新型冠状病毒肺炎的蔓延，致使柑橘大量滞销，让刘文彬家的损失也不小。为此，漆云良再次登门造访。他动员男主人先外出务工，让家里能保持一份稳定收入；其次，让妻子将孩子们妥善安置后，将主要精力用来侍弄果园，再利用闲暇时间搞网上销售。等销路稳定后，再让丈夫回家来扩大生产也不迟。刘文彬和妻子听了后，心悦诚服地点着头。<br /> It's a pity that 2019 is doomed to be an unfortunate year - the village suffered floods in the first half of the year and drought in the second half of the year. Looking at those small thick-skinned oranges, poor households became worried.Every year, the oranges of these families alone can produce 300000 jin, which is the most important source of income besides working in the city. But how should they sell these poorly shaped oranges? These oranges with poor appearance are sold at a low price. At the end of the year, Liu Wenbin's family suffered a lot from the sudden spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, which caused a large number of unsalable oranges. To this end, Qi Yunliang visited again. He mobilized the men in every family to go out to work first so that it could maintain a stable income.In addition, he suggested that after the children were properly settled, the wife should focus on taking care of the orchard, and then to do online sales in her spare time . After the market sales become stable, it is not too late to let the husband return home to expand production. After hearing this, Liu Wenbin and his wife nodded their heads sincerely.<br /> <br /> ==== 谢紫佳 Xie Zijia====<br /> <br /> 2020年元旦前后的两三个月，是斜周村最繁忙的季节——柑橘熟了！为帮助贫困户，连镇委书记都来到村里，亲自上阵搞销售。镇里发动有关单位的工会，按不低于市场的价格收购贫困户的滞销贡柑——500多箱贡柑，总价值接近7000元！为了销售，漆云良可谓绞尽脑汁。他不仅代表村里的贫困户，与仁化县乐村淘电子商务有限公司签订了农产品购销协议，还利用假期，发动东莞市樟木头社区卫生服务中心、东莞市凤岗镇卫生健康局、东莞市凤岗镇社区卫生服务中心、东莞市凤岗镇黄洞玉泉工业区的十余家企业购买贡柑、沙糖橘、大米和蜂蜜等农产品。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 熊丹 Xiong Dan====<br /> <br /> 聂池生虽然已近60多岁，但还是这个家里绝对的精神领袖。虽然他家已完成危房改造，获得了国家的4万元补助，但他家的问题还是不少。他家的主要收入靠贡柑和蜂蜜——虽然全家人吃苦熬夜且吹风淋雨，但最后，还会因为销路不畅而不增收。为帮扶老聂，漆云良把自己变成义务推销员，到处联系原单位的同事，自己的各路朋友，还有亲戚们，向他们推卸“货真价实的好东西”——蜂蜜。最终，老聂家的蜂蜜销售了13000元，贡柑销售了将近4万元，再加上村里分红的那1000多元，经济收入已达脱贫标准。<br /> <br /> ==== 徐思禹 Xu Siyu====<br /> <br /> 然而这样还不行！漆云良所担心的是，老聂家存在着返贫的可能。若想彻底摆脱贫困，这个家必须有个人在外务工才行。老聂的儿子聂玖文虽然干农活是一把好手，还会开拖拉机，但在一次事故中脖颈受伤，导致表达能力受损；儿媳刘秀清是个性格内向，沉默寡言，吝于言辞的女子，她满嘴的话好像都搁置在了舌尖上。漆云良多次鼓励刘秀清出门打工，但她总是以照料孩子为由，摇头再摇头。后来，漆云良联系到了一家胶合板厂，专门带着她去工厂见工。刘秀清在看了厂子和了解了待遇后，点头同意当工人。可是，在工厂做了三天半，她便回家了。“一个月能挣四千五，旱涝保收，可为啥就不做了呢？”漆云良再次找刘秀清谈心：“是觉得环境不好？还是觉得活儿太累？”然而，那儿媳妇除了低头不说话外，愣是不吭声。漆云良着急了，连忙去找老聂询问。搜肠刮肚地问了半天，老聂只是乜斜着他，说出来的话也云山雾罩，不明就里。漆云良陡然明白，刘秀清不适应工厂生活是一个原因，另一个原因恐怕是家里人不放心。<br /> <br /> ==== 颜琦 Yan Qi ====<br /> <br /> 现在，这个家里有四个大人，可全都守着橘园和蜂蜜，虽然能解决一时的生活困难，可很难做到彻底脱贫。但他也理解老聂的担忧——别人家外出打工的，多是青壮年男子，可他家儿子语言交流有困难，便很难找到工作；即便找到了，能干多久还是个问题；可若让儿媳去外地打工，老聂既害怕村里人嚼舌头根，说让女人出门打工，又害怕儿媳妇在外面有了见识，会嫌弃自己的丈夫。怎么才能解开这个死结？总不能一直这样僵下去？漆云良虽然皱起了眉头，但他却并不泄气。他想，办法总是会有的，但需要耐心等待，多方寻找。经过打听，他获悉刘秀清的姐姐在东莞市的桥头镇工作，而且干得还相当不错，便和这位姐姐加了微信。当他提出让姐姐劝说妹妹出门打工时，姐姐爽快地答应了。他兴奋地再次来到老聂家：“你看，有姐姐做监护<br /> 人，你们还怕什么！要不，让儿子也一起出门，这样就更放心啦！”老聂听了这个建议后，脸上浮起了温和的笑容。<br /> <br /> ==== 杨思吟 Yang Siyin====<br /> <br /> 在漆云良的笔记本上，出现频率最高的一行字便是——“真脱贫，脱真贫，不返贫”。他知道，这句话说起来容易做起来难。在斜周村住的的时间越久，他便越了解村里人的所思所想。他发现，有时候，让人们困囿在贫穷陷阱里的，不仅仅是因为物质基础太差，还有多年养成的保守思维在作祟方式。村里人大多知根知底，相互之间非常熟络，这既让乡村能保持一种良好的互助关系，但同时，也会形成一种特别在意别人看法的习惯。大家做事情，都喜欢左瞧瞧右看看，不愿太冒尖，也不愿有创新。若想破除旧习，迈出变革的第一步，就像火车要开始“咣当咣当”朝前走时，车轮要奋力地向前一滚。那一滚，得格外地使点力气才行。在漆云良看来，要想真正地了解贫困户，便要对人性的全面性有所理解。有时候，有些人的决定没有特别的对与错，他们只是在和环境的交锋中保持一种平衡。当外部条件发生改变时，他们也会适时地调整自己。<br /> <br /> ==== 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei====<br /> <br /> <br /> 那一天，当漆云良来到刘贵棠家时，整个身子被定住了，简直卖不开步子——和他到刘培宗家时看到那间黑魆魆如洞穴的老屋相反，眼前的这栋屋子着实漂亮！两层半的红砖房有模有样地挺立着，整个外墙全部都贴了瓷砖，在阳光下熠熠闪光。漆云良左看右看，欢喜得合不拢嘴。进到屋内，他便对男主人说:“你现在啊，简直算得上贫困户里的地主！”刘贵棠是西坑村小组的组长，是1969年生人，身量适中，体型偏瘦，双眼里闪着精明的亮光。即便他是组长，即便含辛茹苦地经营，但他的日子却没有彻底离开那个“穷”字。原来，这个家是被两个孩子的学费拖垮的——女儿在读大学，儿子在读技校——每年5万块的学费加生活费，就像是一把大铁铲，左铲铲右铲铲，愣是把整个家都块铲平了。因为没有余钱，他家此前一直住在破旧不堪的老房子里，又黑又潮。那时，漆云良总是苦口婆心地劝他：“你是组长，要比别的贫困户更往前走一点啊。”后来，刘贵棠咬牙盖起了这栋屋子，令整个乡亲们都大吃一惊。<br /> <br /> ==== 余海铭 Yu Haiming====<br /> <br /> 为了帮助刘贵棠尽快脱贫，漆云良也是绞尽脑汁地想办法。当他代表刘贵棠与仁化县乐村淘电子商务有限公司签订销售协议时，刘贵棠的心里还七上八下的——让公司来销售，行吗？然而，等公司将他的2万余斤葡萄柚全部销售出去，让他有了近5万的收益时，他才觉得“漆书记干得真不错！”那电子商务公司很会做营销——别处的葡萄柚只能卖到1.2元一斤，可刘贵棠家的卖到了2元，甚至最高时还到2.5元。等全部葡萄柚都销售一空后，公司销售员还打来电话：“还有没有货？最好能再发几千箱过来啊！”村里要拍个宣传农产品的小视频，漆云良便选了刘贵棠做代表。<br /> In order to help Liu Guitang get out of poverty as soon as possible, Qi Yunliang is also racking his brain to think of ways. When he signed a sales agreement with Renhua county Lecun Tao E-commerce limited company on behalf of Liu Guitang, Liu Guitang's heart was still in doubt - let the company to sell,OK? However, when the company sold all of his 20,000 pounds of grapefruit, giving him a profit of nearly 50,000, he thought, &quot;Secretary Qi is doing a great job!&quot; The e-commerce company is good at marketing - the grapefruits elsewhere can only be sold for 1.2 yuan per jin, but Liu Guitang's were sold for 2 yuan, and even as high as 2.5 yuan. After all the grapefruits were sold out, the company salesman even called: &quot;Is there any more goods? We'd better send a few thousand boxes over!&quot; The village wanted to make a small video to promote agricultural products, so Qi Yunliang chose Liu Guitang as his representative. <br /> <br /> <br /> 面对镜头，这个往日颇显自卑的男人，如今绽放出灿烂的笑容，两双眼睛像通了电般放射出异样光彩。他说他家现有600棵葡萄柚、100棵沙糖橘和50棵茶子柑，“明年，我还要扩大葡萄柚的种植面积！”现在，在建起新房后，他家已获得国家的4万元补助。他的女儿大学毕业后在深圳工作，每月有五千元收入；儿子即将大专毕业，很快便会有收入。这家人的日子已度过了最难的阶段，像火车驶出了第一米， 之后，便“哐当哐当”努力向前便可。<br /> Facing the camera, this man, who used to be quite self-abasement, now has a bright smile and his eyes radiating a different light as if they were electrified. He said his family now has 600 grapefruits, 100 sugar orange and 50 tea citrus, &quot;next year, I am going to grow more grapefruit!&quot; Now, after building a new house, his family has received a subsidy of 40,000 yuan from the state. His daughter is working in Shenzhen after graduating from college and earns 5,000 yuan a month; his son is about to graduate from college and will soon have an income. The family's life has passed the most difficult stage, like a train driving out the first meter, after that, they can just &quot;chug chug&quot; and try to move forward.<br /> <br /> == Part 25 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 曾晨 Zeng Chen====<br /> <br /> <br /> 听诊器、太极拳和戴口罩<br /> <br /> 2019年11月6日是个星期三。这天上午，漆云良出现在扶溪镇卫生院，开始坐诊看病——咦，“漆书记”是怎么变成“漆医生”的？原来，当漆云良了解到镇卫生院不仅缺少医务人员，且中医馆业务处于停滞状态，便想到在这里坐诊。在县卫生健康局的支持下，他办理了医师多地点执业注册手续。在坐诊期间，他还收了卫生院20岁的李海龙和26岁的刘艳芬做学生。他知道自己在这里工作的时间是有期限的，所以，“授人以鱼，不如授人以渔”。他想通过“传帮带”的方式，把自己的医术留在这里。两个学生跟着他，一边学习医学解剖、病理、药理等知识，一边提升临床诊疗能力，掌握了灸针、火罐、艾灸、放血等技术。<br /> <br /> ==== 张海珊 Zhang Haishan====<br /> <br /> 漆云良坐诊的消息一经传开，镇里的患者便慕名而来。有一天，斜周村的贫困户蔡新华带着妻子挂了漆云良的号，想请他为受癫痫折磨的妻子看一看。在经过几个疗程的治疗后，妻子有了明显的好转。他感动地说：“在家门口就能让名医来看病，真好！”漆云良的名气就这样被口口相传了出去，以致每到周三，等在医院里的患者就会排起长队。他从村里出发时是早晨7点半，而从8点半开始接诊，他便没有松懈的时候。一个上午，他能治疗20多个病人。<br /> <br /> ==== 张珂珂 Zhang Keke====<br /> <br /> 中医看病比较麻烦，望、闻、问、切的时间比较长；再加上漆云良是那种绝对认真、绝对负责的性格，故而过了12点半还没结束，常常错过了饭点。他对学生们语重心长：“老百姓信任我，我就要对得起他们啊。”截止到2020年4月，漆云良已为包括贫困户在内的两百多名患者诊治，深受大家的好评。人们纷纷到镇卫生院找漆云良看病，和村里卫生站条件差有关。就拿斜周村卫生站来说，站里只有一位乡村医生，名叫刘娟红。平日里，她是一边干农活一边行医。村民若有头疼脑热找到卫生所时，大门多数时是紧闭的。他们会等到休息时间，去刘娟红的家里看病拿药。<br /> <br /> ==== 周子豪 Zhou Zihao====<br /> <br /> <br /> 卫生所的收入非常有限，靠着省财政每年补助的2万元，才勉强维持下来。乡村医生的收入也非常有限，所以还要靠种地来维持生计。了解到这个情况后，漆云良觉得苛责乡村医生是不切实际的，但他会时常找刘娟红谈心，鼓励她：“如果以前，行医和务农的比例是四六开，现在要争取是六四开啊！要保证小病和高血压、糖尿病这类慢性病在村里就能医治啊！”<br /> 在精准扶贫这项大工程中，干部们慢慢摸索出了门道——产业扶贫是重中之重，急中之急，要首先抓好抓实；然而，要想让贫困户不返贫、真脱贫，还要将卫生和教育两大重点抓起来。卫生直接指涉村民的健康——只有身体保持健康，才能有在田里劳动和出门打工的资本，才不致被大病拖垮；而教育会让一个家有后续力量，不让贫困代代相传，让这个家真正实现“鲤鱼跃龙门”的嬗变。在2020年年初，当漆云良了解到整个东莞市在2019年在卫生和教育上扶贫举措时，愈发增添了自信——“我的做法没有错！”<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan ====<br /> <br /> 原来，东莞市在对韶关和揭阳两市的扶贫中，投入了大量的资金和人才，已取得显著效果；同时，东莞市对云南昭通市的扶贫，也令世人瞩目。从2016年到2019年，东莞市累计使用财政援助资金在昭通市开展安居房、教育、卫生等项目679个——建成281个卫生室，新建2所小学，完成1496户房屋建设和配套设施建设，援建贫困村内道路89.9公里，为15426户贫困户实施了饮水安全改善工程；除资金帮扶外，东莞市还派驻了专业人才进行帮扶——累计派出26名挂职干部，专业人才244人次，其中老师83人次、医生121人次；发动东莞43所学校、24家医院参与结对帮扶昭通38所学校、20家医院；在完成了常规动作的帮扶外，东莞市还创新地开展职业教育帮扶，有效扩大劳务输出规模——招收3批次昭通籍学生共4161人在东莞市职业学校免费就读，毕业后推荐就业，真正做到隔断代际贫困；帮助昭通贫困劳动力转移就业9.48万人，其中转移到广东省2.84万人，就近就业4.9万人。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi ====<br /> <br /> 如果说那个时候——当他下乡的第一天——他随身携带着听诊器和血压计是一种医生的本能，可在村里住的越久，他越发感觉卫生和教育的重要性，一点不亚于产业。若产业扶贫是救助一个人的头部，那针对卫生和教育的扶贫，便是救助一个人的左右两臂。返回凤岗后，当漆云良和自己曾经的同事聊天时说起“经常在田间地头就开起了药方”时，对方张大了嘴巴；当他说自己已经学会采撷灵芝，养殖蜂蜜，捕鱼捉虾，抛秧插种，施肥洒药时，对方的嘴巴简直可以吞下一头河马。“只有和贫困户们一起劳动过，你才能真正地理解他们，他们也才会和你说真心话！”现在，当他骑着摩托车奔驰在乡村小路时，就像农民下地要拿着锄头般，包里一定装着笔记本、血压计和听诊器。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 张婷 Zhang Ting====<br /> <br /> 现在，当他出现在村里时，有一种如鱼得水的自在。现在的他，和第一天来到村里的他已完全不同。在走出医院办公室的最初阶段，他感觉浑身不自在，觉得生活丧失了朝九晚五的规律性，所有的事情都像蛛网般混杂一片；而现在，他已完全适应了这种新的生活，并在其中找到了新的规律和新的方法。现在，他骑摩托车的技术愈发娴熟，脸庞也愈发黝黑，对贫困户的理解也愈发深入。天地如此广袤辽阔，其深奥和复杂，远非局限在医院办公室的人所能了解。现在，他的生活依旧是早起晨读和晨跑，然而，当他晨跑时，路上所见的无论是大人或小孩，都会亲切地打招呼：“漆书记早！”若是周末的傍晚，看到村委的灯还亮着，便会有人来招呼他：“漆书记，来我家喝茶！”<br /> <br /> ==== 张思诗 Zhang Sishi====<br /> <br /> 事实上，这种亲密无间的关系，并非一蹴而就，而是靠一天天的情感积累，最终铸就而成的。那一天他记得很清楚——2019年9月27日——和往常一样，他在晨读后出门跑步。从村委出发，他朝3公里外的小枧坑村跑去。跑在半路上时，耳畔传来急促的呼喊声——“漆书记！漆书记！”当他停下脚步后，身旁便戛然停住了一辆摩托车。原来，车主是贫困户李润明。当他用急切的语气说了一通话后，漆云良即刻点点头：“你先骑车回去，我马上跑步到！”原来，李润明82岁的老父亲腿疼得直哼哼，晚上都睡不着觉，可老人家五天前刚刚从仁化县人民医院出院回到家。10分钟后，当漆云良来到李家后，李父已坐在床上等待着。<br /> <br /> ==== 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei ====<br /> <br /> 一看到病人，漆云良便即刻转换了角色，从“漆书记”变成了“漆医生”。他先询问了老人的病史，又查阅了病历资料，再检查老人的左膝关节，仔细观察舌、脉二象。原来，老人已患有糖尿病、高血压、痛风性关节炎和高脂血症等多种疾病，但在5天前出院后，他每天都要抽两包烟，所以引发左膝关节肿疼，继而导致睡眠质量差。他即刻劝说老人要戒烟，看到对方面露难色，他便又婉言劝解：“那至少，服药期间不能再抽了啊。”老人随机笑逐颜开，不断点头。<br /> 根据老人病情，他当即开了相应的中药处方，并让儿子注意老人的饮食要保持清淡，不能抽烟和喝酒，且不宜过多走动。临走时，他再三叮嘱老人：“要是哪里不舒服，让儿子赶快给我打电话！”老人频频说着“感谢”，并往他的手里塞了个红包。漆云良像是碰到烙铁般被烫了一下，赶忙把红包塞回去：“不用！不用！真的不用！”<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Wellsand, Benjamin ====<br /> <br /> 李润明家共6口人——李润明夫妻、父母及两个孩子。导致他家致贫的原因是因病因学——八旬老父体弱多病，经常住院；20岁的儿子在广州读技校，一年的学费和生活费三四万不止；8岁的女儿读小学二年级，正是长身体之时。全家的生计，全指望那500棵贡柑和730棵沙糖橘的收入。前两年，李润明咬牙建起了一座水泥平房，获得了国家补助的4万元，但生活还没有彻底脱贫。针对他家情况，漆云良制定了一个脱贫方案——除每年参与村里的扶贫项目，可获1000多元的分红外，不能单单指望果树收成，还应扩大经营范围。他和扶贫工作队的队员们商议后，先给李润明家发放了免费的化肥和农药，让他家在春耕时不致尴尬；又免费发放了鸡、鸭、鹅的幼苗，鼓励他们在养殖业上多下功夫，增加收入。</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Lingnan_Englisch_2&diff=150228 Lingnan Englisch 2 2022-11-16T15:12:03Z <p>Li Hong: /* 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun */</p> <hr /> <div>====白婷 Bai Ting====<br /> <br /> 这两年，连樟村的变化是实实在在的——村民们的房子差不多都翻修一新；村里的泥巴路全都变成了硬底的水泥路；路灯从山脚下一直亮到村中央；文化中心、体育广场和星级厕所也建了起来；村里的水、电、网络通讯等基础设施也得到了完善。你来到了这个村的村委办公室——那是栋单独的小楼，白色与棕红色相间的墙面看着很普通，但那块牌匾却格外醒目：“连樟村党群服务中心”。 一楼的大厅宽敞而整洁，柜台上可以办理各种事物，而那台由清远市政务服务数据管理局赠送的机器——政务服务一体机——则让村民们大开眼界。只要刷一下身份证，就能在机子上办理6大类、100多项业务。有了这台机器，村民们再也不用到40公里外的市区去办事。在二楼的墙面上，贴着一行大字——“产业兴旺 生态宜居 乡风文明 治理有效 生活富裕”。<br /> 每天早上6点半，当校车准时停靠在连樟村的村口时，村民陆奕标和女儿都会准时地出现在那里。看到孩子上车后，父亲便挥挥手。女儿要去的学校在10公里之外。“以前没有校车，孩子上学可是个大难题。”现在，校车穿过平坦的柏油路来到村里，解决了家长们的最大难题。除了平安校车外，英德市还通过保险功能与扶贫工作相结合的方式，在医疗住房、交通教育等方面进行补充保险，为建档立卡贫困户提供全面保障。<br /> <br /> The past two years have seen real changes in Lianzhang Village—— the renovated villagers' houses, the hard-bottom cement roads which used to be mud roads, the street lamps being luminous from the foot of the hill to the middle of the village, the new-built cultural centers, sports plazas, and star toilets, and the improved infrastructure such as water, electricity and Internet communication in the village. When reaching the village committee office, you'll find it's a separate small building with white and brown-red walls looking ordinary, on which hangs a particularly striking plaque: &quot;Lianzhang Village Party Mass Service Center.&quot; The hall on the first floor is spacious and clean, and all kinds of things can be handled on the counter. The machine, given as a gift by the Qingyuan Government Affairs Service Data Administration Bureau, is an eye-opener for the villagers. Swiping your ID card, you can handle more than 100 businesses of 6 categories on the machine, with which villagers dispense with the traveling of 40 kilometers to the city to run errands. An extensive line of words is on the second floor's wall—— &quot;Industrial prosperity, ecological livability, rural civilization, effective governance, and prosperous living.&quot; At 6:30 every morning, when the school bus stops at the entrance of Lianzhang Village, Lu Yibiao and his daughter will be there on time. Lu waved when he saw his child get on the bus. The school that his daughter is going to is 10 kilometers away. &quot;There was no school bus before, which was a big problem for children to go to school.&quot; Now, the school bus comes through the flat asphalt road to the village, solving the most significant problem afflicting parents. In addition to the safe school bus, Yingde City has provided supplementary insurance in medical housing, transportation education, and other aspects through the combination of insurance functions and poverty alleviation work to offer comprehensive protection to poor households with filed cards.<br /> <br /> The past two years have seen real changes in Lianzhang Village—— the renovated villagers' houses, the hard-bottom cement roads which used to be mud roads, the street lamps being luminous from the foot of the hill to the middle of the village, the new-built cultural centers, sports plazas, and star toilets, and the improved infrastructure such as water, electricity and Internet communication in the village. When reaching the village committee office, you'll find it's a separate small building with white and brown-red walls looking ordinary, on which hangs a particularly striking plaque: &quot;Lianzhang Village Party Mass Service Center.&quot; The hall on the first floor is spacious and clean, and all kinds of things can be handled on the counter. The machine—— an all-in-one government service machine, given as a gift by the Qingyuan Government Affairs Service Data Administration Bureau, is an eye-opener for the villagers. Swiping your ID card, you can handle more than 100 businesses of 6 categories on the machine, with which villagers dispense with the traveling of 40 kilometers to the city to run errands. An extensive line of words is on the second floor's wall—— &quot;Industrial prosperity, ecological livability, rural civilization, effective governance, and prosperous living.&quot; At 6:30 every morning, when the school bus stops at the entrance of Lianzhang Village on time, Lu Yibiao and his daughter will be there on time. Lu waved when he saw his child get on the bus. The school that his daughter is going to is 10 kilometers away. &quot;There was no school bus before, which was a big problem for children to go to school.&quot; Now, the school bus comes through the flat asphalt road to the village, solving the most significant problem afflicting parents. In addition to the safe school bus, Yingde City has provided supplementary insurance in medical housing, transportation education, and other aspects through the combination of insurance functions and poverty alleviation work to offer comprehensive protection to poor households with filed cards.<br /> <br /> ==== 蔡思 Cai Si====<br /> <br /> 随着精准扶贫政策的覆盖，村里那个闲置的校舍被改造成扶贫玩具车间，让村民们有了“不用出门便可打工”的机会。总投资约4000万元的碧桂园现代农业科技示范园，新建70多亩大棚，定制樱桃番茄、美月西瓜、哈密瓜等多个果蔬品种。这个示范园采用的是世界领先的温室环境控制及水肥一体化系统，对整个粤北区域现代设施农业都有带动作用，还可促进产业结构优化升级，产业与农户利益联结。村民因土地流转而获得一部分收益，还可进入示范园务工，完成从农民向产业工人，再向小股东的转变。2017年，这个基地卖出蔬菜5万多斤，收入8.6万多元。在基地种植及务工的12户贫困户，户均增收近5000元；村里还发展了1500亩金桔水果等种植项目，17个村小组的300多户农家参与；村里还建设起茶产业深加工高科技示范园，力促主导产业先行发展。<br /> 村民丘慧玲和丈夫一直在外地打工。听说了国家的扶贫政策后，便商量着回村发展。2019年，丈夫在家里种了500棵砂糖橘，而妻子就在碧桂园农业科技园上班，日子过得有滋有味；陆长标是一名“80后”。当他从广州回到家乡后，种植了100多亩的当地农特产马古（益肾子）。他显得干劲十足：“现在的变化是以前无法想象的。这里是生我养我的地方，我觉得回到家里来能创一番事业。”<br /> <br /> With the coverage of targeted poverty alleviation policies, the idle schoolhouse in the village has been transformed into a poverty alleviation toy workshop, giving villagers the opportunity to &quot;work without going out&quot;. With a total investment of about 40 million yuan, Country Garden Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration Park has built more than 70 acres of greenhouses to customize cherry tomatoes, Meiyue watermelons, cantaloupe and other fruit and vegetable varieties. This demonstration park adopts the world-leading greenhouse environmental control and water and fertilizer integration system, which has a driving effect on modern facility agriculture in the entire northern Guangdong region, and can also promote the industrial structure optimization and upgrading and benefits-linking of industries with peasant households. Villagers who receive part of the income from land transfer and can also work in demonstration parks to complete the transformation from farmers to industrial workers and then to small shareholders. In 2017, this base sold more than 25,000kg of vegetables and earned more than 86,000 yuan. The average income of the 12 poor households who planting and working in the base increased by nearly 5,000 yuan; The village has also developed 1,500 mu of kumquat fruit planting projects, with the participation of more than 300 farming families in 17 village groups; The village has also built a high-tech demonstration park for deep processing of the tea industry to vigorously promote the pioneering development of leading industries. Villager Qiu Huiling and her husband have been working in other places. After hearing about the country's poverty alleviation policy, they discussed returning to the village for development. In 2019, the husband planted 500 Sugar oranges, while the wife worked in the Country Garden Agricultural Science and Technology Park, life goes by well; Lu Changbiao is a &quot;post-80s&quot;, when he returned to his hometown from Guangzhou, he planted More than 100 acres of local agricultural specialty Magu (Yishenzi). He looked motivated: &quot;The changes now are unimaginable before. This is where I was born and raised, and I think I can hew out a career if I came back home.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====陈婧 Chen Jing====<br /> <br /> 花生<br /> Peanuts<br /> <br /> 在种植了水稻之后，每一户连樟村的村民还会再种植花生，因为花生可以榨油，而大米和清油则是生活的必需品。花生长在地里时看起来很平常，模样像辣椒或茄子那般。然而，当你用力拽着绿色枝干往上拔后，便会看到根须上连缀着一颗颗圆乎乎的宝贝——花生！连樟村的花生个头并不大——只比绿豆稍微大一点——但却格外饱满。<br /> <br /> After planting the rice seedlings, villagers of every household in Lianzhang Village would plant peanuts again, because peanuts can produce oil, and both rice and vegetable oil are the necessities in life. When peanuts grow in earth, its branches and leaves look ordinary, just like the ones of peppers or eggplants. But when you tug the green branches upward, you’ll see a lot of chubby babies attaching to the roots--peanuts. Peanuts in Lianzhang Village are not too big—only slightly bigger than green beans—extraordinarily plump though.<br /> <br /> 在连江口镇临街的铺面上，有很多榨油的小作坊。那些白色的塑料桶中，装的就是花生油——金黄色看着让人格外欣喜。在每一个桶上都用黑色的笔写着姓氏——或者是“朱”，或者是“陈”。<br /> <br /> Among the shops on the streets of Lianjiangkou Town, many of them are small workshops for oil extraction. What fills up those white plastic barrels is peanut oil—with a delightful golden color. On each barrel is written in black pen with the surname - either &quot;Zhu&quot; or &quot;Chen&quot;.<br /> <br /> 卢新发已快50岁了，可笑起来的时候还很腼腆。坐在油坊门前，他正安静地等待着。透过身上那红蓝白相间的短袖T恤、黑裤子和黑鞋能看出，他身量不高，格外精瘦。他那裸露在外的胳膊虽然纤细，但双手却格外雄壮：掌幅宽阔、骨骼粗大、骨节明显。他的皮肤并不是特别黝黑，脸上也没有太多的皱纹，五官显得相当清秀，然而，他的双眼和两颊都深深地凹陷了下去，令你大惊——他实在是瘦得有些过分。那奇怪的是，你好像在哪里见过他。陡然间，你想起了那个89岁的老太太。哦，这个小儿子和母亲长得确实很像。<br /> <br /> Although Lu Xinfa is almost 50 years old, he still looks coy when he smiles. Sitting in front of the oil shop, he is quietly waiting. Even through his red-blue-and-white short-sleeved T-shirt, his black pants and his black shoes, we can tell that he is not tall and very lean. His bare arms are slender, but his hands are particularly strong: broad palms, thick bones and pronounced joints. His skin is not very dark, and his face don’t have too many wrinkles and his features are quite fine. However, his eyes and cheeks are so deeply sunken that you would be shocked—he is indeed unduly thin. Well, it is strange that you seem to have seen him somewhere. Suddenly, the 89-year-old woman comes into your mind. Oh, the younger son does look after his mother.<br /> <br /> ====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====<br /> <br /> 榨油坊的店主是个胳膊浑圆的小伙子，穿着黑色T恤衫和牛仔裤——你发现，在城里相当普及的牛仔裤，连樟村人却很少穿——拎着一瓶矿泉水递给他的客人，并将碗里炒熟的花生也塞了过来。卢新发从那堆黄白相间的珍珠中捻起一粒，丢进嘴里，细细品味。嗯！刚炒出来的花生就是香！这是个多么惬意的过程——春天，他在自己那仅有的1亩地里播种，秋天，他如期收获。他带着那些宝贝来到镇上，看着它们在被蒸熟炒干后炸成金黄色的液体。在家里炒菜时，他往铁锅里倒油时内心很是笃定——他全程参与了花生油的制作过程——这油绝对环保。<br /> <br /> The owner of the oil-pressing mill is a rotund-armed man, in a black T-shirt and a piece of jeans–- the kind of jeans you'll find so common in the city, but the people in Lianzhang Village seldom wear them. He took a bottle of mineral water and handed it to his customer, also a bowl stuffed with fried peanuts. Lu Xinfa, the customer, picked one from the pearl-like yellow -and－white peanuts, tossed it to his mouth and savored it. &quot;Well, the freshly fried peanuts are relly tasty!&quot; It is a very satisfactory process——in spring, he sowed the peanuts in the mere one acre farmland; in autumn, he had a good harvest of them as scheduled. Then, he took the treasure-like peanuts to the town, seeing them to be steamed, fried and finally pressed as golden liquid. While he was cooking at home, expecially pouring the oil into the iron wok, he felt at ease——because he participated in the whole process of making the peanut oil, so it was environment-friendly.<br /> <br /> ==== 陈思阳 Chen Siyang====<br /> <br /> 炸花生油的过程并不复杂——将花生从袋里倒进竹筐中，再被搬到大秤上，电子屏幕即刻显现出重量。店家将那个数字报给顾客后，顾客点头表示认可。花生先放在一个半米高的粗壮木桶——连樟村的木匠陆奕罗十分擅长做这种圆木桶——蒸到半熟后，再将花生放进大铁锅中炒干——那铁锅不是一般的家用铁锅，而是在锅的上方安装了一个装置，能让铁铲状的物体在大锅里旋转，自动翻炒锅内的花生。炒熟的花生从灶台侧旁的闸口倾泻而出，全部落入大箩筐中。将花生倒入榨油机后，能看到一个神奇的分离过程——机器前端的口中会吐出一些渣滓，像一片片揉皱的纸张，又像一片片削下来的鱼肉，灰白色中暗含着许多棕黄色的小颗粒；机器侧旁的口中流出的液体，刚好被一个大铁桶接住。那液体里混合着土黄色的碎渣和白色泡沫。这些液体要经过沉淀和过滤后，才会变成金黄色的花生油。<br /> <br /> The process of frying peanut oil is not complicated -- the peanuts are poured from a bag into a bamboo basket and then moved to a large scale, where the weight is instantly displayed on an electronic screen. The customer nodded in approval after the shopkeeper gave the number to him. The peanuts are first placed in stout wooden buckets half a meter high -- the kind Lu Yiluo, a carpenter in Lianzhang village, specializes in making -- and then steamed half-cooked before they are fried in a large iron wok -- not an ordinary household iron pot, but a device above the wok that allows a shovel-like object to rotate in the wok and automatically stir the peanuts inside. Fried peanuts poured out of a gate at the side of the stove and fell into a large basket. When the peanuts are poured into the oil press, you can see a magical separation process -- the mouth at the front of the machine will spit out some droppings, like pieces of crumped paper, like pieces of fish, gray and white with a lot of brown and yellow particles; The liquid coming out of the mouth at the side of the machine was caught by a large iron barrel. The liquid was a mixture of earthy crumbs and white foam. The liquid has to be precipitated and filtered before it turns into golden peanut oil.<br /> <br /> ====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====<br /> <br /> 你发现连樟村人过的生活是属于诗歌的——充满了抒情意味；而更多的人过的生活是属于小说的——充满了悬疑意味。城里人可以轻易地从超市买来一桶油——无论是花生油、菜籽油或色拉油——但他不知道这桶油的原料生长在哪个地区的哪块土地上，种植作物的人长得什么模样，作物在生长过程中受到了怎样的风霜雨雪……不，这个漫长的过程对他来讲全都是空白。现代化的生活将他浓缩成一个简单的消费者，在超市的出口处掏出手机一刷，便成为了那桶油的主人。然而，在他和那桶油之间，却充满了各种悬疑。于是，小说家诞生了。小说家是一种特殊的职业——当他洞悉到人们内心充满了疑惑后，便决心为这些疑惑寻找答案。只有在现代生活中才会诞生小说家，而在传统生活里，到处都拥挤着诗人。<br /> <br /> You’ll find that the life that villagers of Lianzhang village live belongs to poetry -- full of lyrical meaning; but the life of more villagers belongs to fiction -- full of suspense. It’s quite easy for a city dweller to buy a bucket of oil from the supermarket -- peanut oil, canola oil, or salad oil -- but he won’t know which region and which part of soil the oil is made from, what the farmers growing them look like, what kind of terrible weather the crops experience during the growth...... No, for him, this long process is just a blank space. Modern life has condensed him into a simple consumer. He just needs to swipe his mobile phone at the supermarket exit, then he becomes the owner of the barrel of oil. Between him and that barrel, however, there’s a lot of suspense. As such, “the novelist” was born. It’s a special career -- when he realizes that people are full of doubts in their hearts, he is determined to find answers to those doubts. It is only in modern life that novelists are born, but poets are everywhere in traditional life.<br /> <br /> You’ll find that the life that villagers of Lianzhang village live is poetic-- which is full of lyrical meaning; while the life of more ordinary people is fictional-- which is full of suspense. It’s quite easy for a city dweller to buy a bucket of oil from the supermarket -- whether peanut oil, canola oil, or salad oil -- but he doesn’t know where and on which land the raw materials of the barrel of oil are grown, or what the farmers growing the crops look like, or what kind of terrible weather the crops experience during their growth...... No, this long process is all blank for him. Modernized life has condensed him into a simple consumer. He just needs to swipe his mobile phone at the supermarket exit, then he becomes the owner of the barrel of oil. However, there’s all kinds of suspense between the barrel of oil and him. As such, “the novelist” has emerged. It’s a special career -- when a novelist realizes that people are full of doubts in their hearts, he is determined to find answers to those doubts. It is only in the modern life that novelists will emerge, while the traditional life is full of poets everywhere.<br /> <br /> == Part 9 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 丁粤 Ding Yue====<br /> <br /> <br /> 针蜂<br /> <br /> The needle wasp<br /> <br /> 针蜂又叫果实蝇，外形与苍蝇类似，但要比苍蝇小，全身是金黄色的，但却带有黑色斑纹。针蜂繁殖迅速，对水果的危害很大，被称为水果的“头号杀手”——成虫会将卵产在果实内部，而幼虫便在内部蛀食，造成果实腐烂和落果。鹰嘴桃的口感甘甜而多汁，爽脆而可口，是广东省内比较好吃的水果之一，含有多种氨基酸、维生素、粗纤维及微量元素，可滋润肠胃，防治缺铁性贫血。这种水果对女性有着独一无二的作用——可补益气血，养阴生津。鹰嘴桃的产量极低，一年中只有15到20天的品尝期。鹰嘴桃对产地极为挑剔，只有在粤北地区种植的鹰嘴桃才算得上是正宗，而清远产的鹰嘴桃，可谓“仅有一处，别无二家”。<br /> <br /> The needle wasp, also known as the fruit fly, is similar in appearance to the fly. But it is smaller than the fly. Its whole body is golden yellow with black markings. The needle wasp multiply rapidly and are very harmful to fruits, so it is called as the “number one killer”of fruits——the adult insect lay their eggs inside the fruit, and the larva eat the fruit from inside, causing the fruit rot and fruit drop. The olecranon peach tastes sweet and juicy, crisp and delicious, so it is one of the relatively delicious fruits in Guangdong Province. It contains a variety of amino acids, vitamins, crude fibers and trace elements. And it can nourish the intestines and stomach, prevent and treat iron deficiency anemia. This fruit has a unique effect on women——it can replenish the qi and blood, and nourish the yin and promote fluid production. The yield of the olecrano peach is extremely low, with a tasting period of only 15 to 20 days in a year. The olecrano peach is extremely picky about its production place. Only those olecrano peaches grown in northern Guangdong are considered authentic, and those produced in Qingyuan can be called as “the best of its kind”.<br /> <br /> ====付静 Fu Jing====<br /> <br /> 在2015年之前，卢新发还不知道针蜂的厉害。这一年，他栽种了300棵鹰嘴桃，满心满意地期待桃子能带一笔收入。然而，等桃子挂果要成熟时，他却发现果子一个个掉在了地上。原来，有种害虫叫针蜂，特别喜欢吃甜的东西。当果子被针蜂刺过后，便会溃烂和落果。从那个时候起，卢新发便开始留意与针蜂有关的知识，总结了不少与之斗争的经验。<br /> <br /> Lu Xinfa had no idea about how harmful the fruit flies could be until 2015, the year when he planted 300 hawk billed peaches and was full of hope for a certain income that those peaches would bring, only to find that the fruits to mature fell to the ground one by one. It turns out that there is a kind of pest called the fruit fly (Coquillett), who likes to eat sweet things. When the fruit is pricked by the needle of the fruit fly, it will rot and drop. From then on, Mr. Lu began to pay attention to the knowledge related to the fruit flies and summarized a lot of experience in fighting against them. <br /> <br /> <br /> 其实，灭杀针蜂可以从不同方面入手——可以破坏针蜂的越冬场所。针蜂冬季会寄生在落果、树下土壤和枯树皮上。在秋季清园时，一定要清理落果、枯树皮和深翻土壤。冬季要灌水2至3次，并撒上生石灰，可消灭幼虫；在针蜂高峰期时，可在1亩果园中悬挂5个诱笼来诱杀雄虫，以此降低园内的虫源基数；还可根据针蜂生长发育的不同阶段，选择喷药。如果在针蜂成虫时喷药，效果最佳；针蜂一般在上午8点至10点，下午4点至7点间活动，也可在这两个时间段内喷药；针蜂喜欢在成熟的黄色果实上产卵，故而，还可用黄色粘板来诱捕成虫；还可以对水果进行套袋，保护果实不被针蜂危害。套袋要从幼果期就开始，带口必须扎紧。<br /> <br /> <br /> In fact, the fruit flies can be killed in different ways. The first one is to destroy their overwinter sites. In winter, the flies will parasitize on fallen fruits, the soil under trees and the dead bark of trees. Therefore, during the garden clearance in autumn, it must be ensured that fallen fruits and dead tree bark have been cleared away and the land has been ploughed deeply. Besides,it is necessary to irrigate for two to three times and sprinkle quicklime in winter to kill the larvas. What is more, during the generation peak of fruit flies, five traps can be hung in an orchard of one mu to trap and kill males, so as to reduce the number of insect sources in the orchard. Spraying pesticide according to the growth stages of the pest can be another choice. The best effect would be achieved if spraying is finished at adult stage, or pesticide can also be sprayed during two periods from 8:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. and from 4:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m., since the fruit flies usually have activities then. What is more, yellow sticky plates can be used to trap adult flies since they like to lay eggs on mature yellow fruits. Last but not least, to protect fruits from being harmed by the insects, bagging fruits from the early development stage also works, but the mouth of bags should be fastened.<br /> <br /> ==== 高燕 Gao Yan====<br /> <br /> 作为陆伙秋的小儿子，卢新发因身体有病，无法出门打工，所以便寻思着怎么在家门口挣点钱。看到隔壁村的人种鹰嘴桃的收入不错，他便动了心思。而现在，他却又皱起了眉头：“可能还是管理不到位，防治不及时吧。”种桃树不像表面看起来那么简单，实际上却异常复杂。乍一看，只是果子从树上落下来，但若细细推理，却发现有很多可疑之处都能导致那个结果。卢新发终于明白，他总结的那些防治措施，根本是“冰山一角”——这种害虫十分狡猾，各地的地形和气候也各不相同，所以到目前为止，并没有一个特别好的办法能让灾情彻底治愈。他盼望村里如果能派个技术员来，留下联系方式就好了，“要不，那些桃树就白栽了。”<br /> <br /> <br /> As the youngest son of Liuhuoqiu, Lu Xinfa was unable to go out to work because of illness, so he wondered how to earn some money at home. Seeing that the income of planting chickpea in the next village was good，he also want to try to do the planting. Now he frowned and was confused, &quot;Maybe the management is not in place, and the prevention and treatment are not timely.&quot; Now he frowned.&quot; Maybe the management is not in place, and the prevention and treatment are not timely.&quot; At first glance, just the fruit fell from the tree. but if we carefully thought about it, there were many suspicious things that can lead to that result. Lu finally realized that the prevention measures he summarized are simply the &quot;tip of the iceberg&quot;-the pest is very cunning, and the terrain and climate are different from place to place, so far, there is no such a good way to completely cure the disaster. He hoped that the village could send a technician and leave his contact information.&quot; Otherwise, those peach trees will be planted in vain.&quot;<br /> <br /> <br /> As the youngest son of Liu Huoqiu, Lu Xinfa was unable to go out to work because of illness, so he wondered how to earn some money in his village. Seeing the favorable income of planting peach with a pointed end like the beak of eagle in the next village, he also wanted to try to do the same thing. Now, he thinks about that &quot;Maybe the management is not in place, and the prevention and treatment are not timely.&quot; with a puzzled frown. Planting peach is not as simple as it looks, but it is actually very complicated. At the first glance, the fruit fell from the tree, but if we carefully thought about it, there were many suspicious things that can lead to that result. Lu finally realized that the prevention measures he summarized were simply &quot;a tip of the iceberg&quot;. The pest is very cunning, and so far, there is no such a good way to completely cure this disaster, due to different terrain and climate from place to place. He hoped that the village could send an expert and leave his contact information. &quot;Otherwise, those peach trees will be planted in vain.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====关娜 Guan Na====<br /> <br /> 2012年对他来说是难忘的——所有的事情都挤成了一堆。这一年，他老爸生病，医药费花了4万块，把家里的老底快掏空了；也是这一年，大女儿上大学的费用是2万，小女儿上中学的费用是1万，他感觉家里彻底变得空空荡荡；也是这一年，他家的房子建了起来，共花费11万——虽然有政府补助的3万块，但他还是不得不问亲戚们借了5万块。那之后的连续几年，全家人省吃俭用，只为了还债。他家有1亩地，种了些水稻和花生，但却只够自己吃，根本卖不出钱来。他惭愧地说：“家里的主要收入是老婆在英德市打工的钱，每个月大约有2500元。”卢新发恨自己的身体不争气，干不了重活，眼瞅着老婆每天早出晚归，很是心疼。然而，从2016年开始，他家的日子便有了新变化。因为有了精准扶贫政策，小女儿每年能获得生活补助3000元，算是帮他解决了一个大难题，而他也在不断地动脑子，想着怎么能挣上钱，早一点甩掉穷帽子。<br /> <br /> <br /> The year 2012 was unforgettable for him where everything was crammed into one pile. In this year, his dad fell ill and spent 40,000 yuan on medical bills, which nearly emptied their family's savings; his elder daughter's tuition fees were 20,000 yuan and his younger daughter's tuition fees were 10,000 yuan. Then he felt that his family had become completely empty. In the same year, their house was built, which cost a total of 110,000 yuan. Although 30,000 of it was subsidized by the government policy, he still borrowed 50,000 yuan from his relatives. For several successive years after that, the family saved money to pay off their debts. Although his family had 1 mu of land which grew some rice and peanut, it was just enough to feed themselves and could not be sold for money at all. He was ashamed to say, &quot;The main income of the family came from his wife's salary in Yingde City, which was about 2,500 yuan a month.&quot; Lu Xinfa was sorry that his own body was not strong enough to do the heavy work, and that he saw his wife going out early and coming back at dusk. However, since 2016, his family had seen a change. Because of poverty alleviation, his younger daughter can get an annual living allowance of 3,000 yuan, solving a big problem. And he had been thinking about how he can earn money and get rid of his poverty hat earlier.<br /> <br /> ==== 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 谈起2019年，他的眼里闪着晶光——对这个家庭来说，最艰难的时刻已经熬了过去。这一年，学商务日文的大女儿已大学毕业并找到了工作，每月有3000元收入；也是这一年，小女儿考上幼儿师范学校，每月也能挣1500元；还是这一年，他通过“贫困贷款”贷了3万元，建起了一个农机维修站。虽然生意没有预想得那么好——上山砍柴的人少了，拖拉机出事故的概率也变少了——但只有在干的过程中才知道怎么干。他还琢磨着是不是可以搞个民宿或农庄？他家就在山路边，风景是极好的。他想抽空到附近镇里去搞个调查，看看别人的民宿是怎么搞的。无论怎样，总是要干起来。只有干，才有希望。<br /> <br /> == Part 10 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====<br /> <br /> 砂糖橘<br /> <br /> 在连樟村人看来，砂糖橘是一种“过去的”植物。事实上，植物由枝桠和影子共同组成——当植物的枝桠被砍断或烧毁后，它的影子却不会即刻消散，而会长久地徘徊在原来的地方。有影子的地方会弥漫着一种奇怪的香味——橘子树下便弥漫着橘子成熟时的香味。村人只要站在原来栽种橘子树的地方，便能闻到那种味道，便知道影子们还没有离去。<br /> 隆冬时节的英德市，天气还十分暖和。公路两边的小山坡上绿意盎然，大小果园里一片橘红色——那是清一色的砂糖橘。在你看来，砂糖橘不过是一种富含维生素C、钙、纤维质、少量蛋白质、脂肪及丰富的葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖的水果，然而，对连樟村人来说，砂糖橘就是黄金。当橘子树缀满果实时，村民们还没有被贫困所裹挟，还充满了各种幻想。然而，它来了——黄龙病！它不是一种病，而是一把世界上最闪亮的最锋利的刀。那把刀曾在锈钝中沉睡，然而，当它陡然醒来后，发出锃亮的光，干出的事让村民们大吃一惊——它一棵一棵地将橘子树全部砍断后，又把那些树干烧毁。<br /> <br /> sugar orange<br /> <br /> In Lianzhang village people's opinions, sugar orange is a plant in the old days. In fact, plants are made up of both branches and shadows -- and when a branch is cut or burned, the shadow would not immediately disappear, but lingers in its place for a long time. Where there are shadows, there is a strange smell -- the smell of ripening oranges under the orange trees. As long as the villagers stood where the orange trees had been planted, they could smell it and know that the shadows had not gone away. In the middle of winter in Yingde City, the weather is still very warm. The hills on either side of the road were green, and the orchards were orange -- a uniform color of sugar-orange. In your eyes, sugar orange is just a fruit rich in vitamin C, calcium, fiber, a little protein, fat and abundant glucose, fructose and sucrose. However, to the people of Lianzhang village, sugar orange is gold. When the orange trees are full of fruit, the villagers are not yet trapped by poverty, but full of fantasies. However, here it comes - Yellow dragon disease! It is not a disease, but the brightest and sharpest knife in the world. The knife had fallen asleep in a dull, rusty sleep, but when it woke up, shiny and bright, it surprised the villagers by cutting down all the orange trees, one by one, and then burning the trunks.<br /> <br /> sugar orange<br /> <br /> In the eyes of villagers in Lianzhang Village, sugar orange is a plant in the old days. This kind of plant is actually made up of both branches and shadows -- and when its branch is cut or burned, the shadow would not immediately disappear, but lingers in its place for a long time. Where there are shadows, there is a strange smell -- the smell of ripening oranges under the orange trees. As long as the villagers stood where the orange trees had been planted, they could smell it and know that the shadows had not gone away. In midwinter, the weather in Yingde city is still very warm. The hills on either side of the road were green, and the orchards were orange -- a uniform color of sugar-orange. In your view, sugar orange is just a fruit rich in vitamin C, calcium, fiber, a little protein, fat and abundant glucose, fructose and sucrose. However, to the people in Lianzhang village, sugar orange is gold. When the orange trees were full of fruits, the villagers were not yet trapped by poverty, but full of fantasies. However, here it came - Citrus yellow shoot! It is not a disease, but the brightest and sharpest knife in the world. The knife had fallen asleep in a dull, rusty sleep, but when it woke up, shiny and bright, it surprised the villagers by cutting down all the orange trees, one by one, and then burning the trunks.<br /> <br /> ==== 胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi====<br /> <br /> 关于砂糖橘怎么建园，怎么种植，密度多少合适，栽种后如何施肥……村民们心里一本账。每个人都有一堆关于吃橘子的经验——别把橘子上的白丝撕掉，那东西能通络化痰、顺气活血；别一天吃三个以上的橘子，对牙齿有害；吃橘子的同时不要吃萝卜，否则会诱发甲状腺肿；吃橘子时不能同时喝牛奶，否则会出现腹胀、腹痛、腹泻等症状……可惜，人们就是不知道黄龙病的厉害。一旦得上了这种病，不仅那棵树要被彻底毁掉，甚至连整片橘林也会被摧毁，一棵不留，因为黄龙病是传染的！最开始，人们发现树叶开始变黄，后来，那叶子便开始脱落，整个树冠会变得稀疏。过了一两年，整棵树便会逐渐枯死。所以，一旦发现树得了黄龙病，便要立即挖出，再集中烧毁，不能留下残桩。<br /> <br /> Villagers all know very well about how to build a plantation, how to cultivate sugar oranges, how to arrange the plant density and how to apply fertilizer rationally. Each of them is experienced in eating oranges--don’t tear out the tangerine pith, because it can dredge collaterals and dissipate phlegm and activate blood circulation and facilitate qi; Don't eat more than three oranges a day, which is bad for your teeth; Don't eat radish while eating oranges, or it will cause goiter; Don't drink milk at the same time when eating oranges, or you will have abdominal distension, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other symptoms. It is regrettable that people have no ideas about the Citrus yellow shoot. Once being infected by this disease, not only the single tree will be completely destroyed, but even the entire orange plantation will be spoiled. No one will remain, because this kind of disease is contagious. In the very beginning, villagers found that the leaves began turning yellow. Afterwards those leaves fell off and the whole tree crown became sparse. One or two years passed, the tree would gradually die.Therefore, once a tree is found to be suffering from the Citrus yellow shoot, it should be dug up immediately, and then burned in a centralized manner without stumps left.<br /> <br /> Villagers all know very well about how to build plantations, how to cultivate sugar oranges, how to arrange the density of plants and how to fertilize rationally. Each of them has their own ways to eat oranges--don’t tear out the tangerine pith, because it can dredge the channels and collaterals and dissipate phlegm and activate blood circulation; don't eat more than three oranges a day, which is bad for your teeth; don't eat radish while eating oranges, or it will cause goiter; don't drink milk when eating oranges, or you will have abdominal distension, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other symptoms. But people have no ideas about the Citrus yellow shoot. Once being infected by this disease, not only the single tree will be completely destroyed, but even the entire orange plantation will be spoiled. No single one will remain, because this kind of disease is contagious. In the very beginning, villagers found that the leaves turned yellow. Afterwards those leaves fell off and the whole tree crown became sparse. After one or two years, the tree will gradually die. Therefore, once a tree is found to be suffering from the Citrus yellow shoot, it should be dug up immediately, and then burn in a centralized manner without their stumps left.<br /> <br /> ==== 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei====<br /> <br /> 连樟村大面积种植砂糖橘始于上世纪90年代中后期。这里产的橘子晚熟、应节、皮薄，很受城里人喜欢。显然，橘子和这个地方很是有缘——这里位于广东省的中北部，是南亚热带向中亚热带的过渡地区，<br /> The large-scale planting of sugar oranges in Lianzhang Village began in the middle and late 1990s. The oranges here bearing thin skins, matures later and adapts to the season, which are very popular with people living in cities. It is obvious that oranges are closely related to this place - it is located in the north central part of Guangdong Province and is a transitional area from the south subtropical zone to the middle subtropical zone. <br /> <br /> 入春时吹南风和偏南风，入冬时又吹北风和偏北风，形成了温暖湿润、雨量充沛、无霜期长的特点。粤北的这个位置相当奇特——不但能避开北部的寒害，还能避开南部的台风，又能承接因台风带来的阵雨，让夏秋的干旱得到缓解，极适合橘子树的成长；这里的土壤以黄壤、红壤、赤红壤为主，有机质含量丰富，自然肥力高，土壤团粒结构好，可耕作层厚，也能让橘子树长得甚欢；这里接近北方，有着便利的交通条件，而那些来自上海、浙江、河南或辽宁的水果批发商，很愿意到这里来采购。<br /> In spring, the south wind and southerly wind are blowing through this place, and in winter, the north wind and northerly wind blow, forming the characteristics of warm and humid, abundant rainfall, and long frost-free period.This location in the north of Guangdong is quite unique - it can not only avoid the damages caused by chill in the north, but also the typhoons in the south. Meanwhile it can also use the showers brought by the typhoons to alleviate the drought in summer and autumn, which is very suitable for the growth of orange trees; The soil here is mainly yellow soil, red soil and latosolic red soil. It is rich in organic matter, high-level natural fertility, good in soil aggregate structure, thick in arable layer, and can also make orange trees grow well;It is close to the north and has convenient transportation conditions, so those fruit wholesalers from Shanghai, Zhejiang, Henan or Liaoning are willing to come here to purchase.<br /> <br /> ==== 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====<br /> <br /> 最辉煌的时候，整个连江口镇曾种植过3万亩砂糖橘。那时，连樟村几乎家家户户都种砂糖橘。每年春季，橘园便开始颤抖。那些埋在土里的根系吸吮着土壤里的水分，让身躯变得湿润起来。水分在橘子树的身体里不断地循环和扩张，加上太阳那缓慢而温和的光合作用，最终，橘子树由一个青春少女变成了慵懒孕妇。到了收获季节，果园里红彤彤一片。和别的橘子相比，砂糖橘显得个头较小，像一个个红鸡蛋，但形状却不是椭圆形的，而是浑圆形的。这个袖珍小水果很让人难忘——鲜亮的红皮非常薄，极容易剥离；果肉呈金黄色，入口爽脆，汁多无渣，清甜中带着股蜂蜜味。<br /> <br /> In the most prosperous time, there were 30 thousand mu lands in total used to plant satsumas in Lianzikou town. At that time, almost every livelihood in Lianzhang country had planted them. The orchard began to shiver when spring came. Their roots buried in the soil sucked the water there to make their bodies wet. With water consistent circulation and dilation, as well as the slow but mild photosynthesis, the tangerine trees finally became like languid pregnant women instead of young girls. When it came to the harvest season, the orchard was glowing red. Compared with other kinds of orange, satsumas are small, like red eggs, but they are perfectly round instead of oval. Their brightly red skins were so thin that can be peeled easily, and their golden pulp was juicy without residue and sweet with a honey flavor, which makes them impressive.<br /> <br /> There were at least 30 thousand mus of sugar orange orchard at its peak in Lianjiangkou Town. At that time, orange trees were almost planted in Lianzhang country in every household. Trees in the orchard came to grow once spring came. Buried in the soil, their roots sucked water, wetting the trunks and branches. With water circulation and dilation, as well as the slow but mild photosynthesis, the orange trees finally became languid pregnant women instead of young girls. When it came to the harvest season, the orchard turned into red. Compared with other kinds of orange, sugar oranges were as small as red eggs but perfectly round instead of oval. Their bright red skins were so thin that they could be peeled easily, and their golden pulp was juicy without residue and sweet with a honey flavor, making them unforgettable.<br /> <br /> ==== 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====<br /> <br /> 在果树成熟期时，那些小橘子闪烁着橙红光泽，芳香四溢。望着那一颗颗的小宝贝，人们止不住地陷入想入非非。从表面上看，站在树下的他们十分平静，但其实，他们的内心像大海般澎湃。橘子就是黄金，就是现钱，就是欢笑，就是明天。那个时候，村民们认为橘子树会和蓝天与白云一样，一直一直地这样存在着，一直一直地这样丰收着。然而，这个梦却有终结之时。让黄龙病到来后，橘园的世界变成了暴风雨的世界。<br /> <br /> When the orange trees were getting ripe, those little oranges sparkled with orange-red luster and full of fragrance. Looking at them, people couldn't stop dreaming. They looked very calm when standing under the tree, but in fact, their hearts were surging like the sea. Oranges represented gold and gains, and pleasure and prosperity. At that time, villagers thought that orange trees would always exist like blue sky and white clouds, and would always have such a good harvest. Yet this dream had its end. Upon the storm of Huanglong disease, orange orchards were in horrible chaos.<br /> <br /> When the orange trees were getting ripe, those little oranges were sparkled with orange-red luster and full of fragrance. Looking at those little oranges, people couldn’t stop the thoughts in their mind. Though they seemed to be very clam standing under the trees, their hearts were surging like the sea: to them, oranges represented gold and gains, pleasure and prosperity. At that time, villagers thought that orange trees would always exist like blue sky and white clouds, and they would always have such a good harvest. Yet this dream had its end. Upon the storm of Huanglong disease, orange orchards were in horrible chaos.<br /> <br /> ==== 李鸿 Li Hong====<br /> <br /> “你知道吗？我家600棵砂糖橘，曾经卖出了20万的年收入！”陆国祥现在住的砖房是2013年建起来的——当时兄弟们还没有分家，就一起凑钱建了这栋房。建房时花的20万——10万是卖砂糖橘攒下的钱，另外又借了亲戚的10万。那10亩地的600棵砂糖橘，对这个家的贡献实在是太大了——大哥的儿子和女儿读大学的钱（一个人一年3万多）都是卖橘子的钱供的。可后来，“橘子得了黄龙病，便搞不到钱了”因为，“得病后的橘子便没办法挂果”。<br /> <br /> “Did you know that my family’s 600 sugar orange trees once gave us an annual income of 200,000 yuan?” The brick house where Lu Guoxiang now lives was built in 2013, at that time he and his brothers hadn’t separated yet, and they pooled money to build it. It cost them 200,000 yuan——half of the money was saved from selling sugar oranges, and the rest was borrowed from relatives. The 600 sugar orange trees on the 10 acres of land are too great a contribution to the family, the eldest brother’ son and daughter went to college (more than 30,000 yuan per year for each) with the money made by selling oranges. Unfortunately, the orange trees got Citrus Huanglongbing and became fruitless later on, so they can’t earn money by selling oranges.<br /> <br /> ==== 李佳珺 Li Jiajun====<br /> <br /> 2012年是个可怕的年份。全村人的心尖都被一双无形的大手撕扯得发疼，但却一点办法都没有。人们只能眼睁睁看着树叶变黄。不出两三年，整个山坡上的橘子树全都被砍掉了。没了橘子树便没有了收入，可盖房子欠下的账还没有还。怎么办？他咬牙买了台拖拉机到山上拉木头。砍树和拉木头都很累，但一年还能挣个两三万救急。田也要耕！只要田里一没活，他便上山去砍树。就这样忙碌着，不敢有一天空闲，才算把日子过下来。他笑着说，终于等到了2016年。有了扶贫政策后，现在的日子好多了。<br /> <br /> 2012 was a horrible year. The whole villagers' hearts were tore by invisible hands, hurtful but could not do anything. They could only watch the leaves turn yellow. Within two or three years, the orange trees on the whole hillside had been cut down. Without the orange trees, there was no income, but the bill for the house had not been paid. What to do? He was determined to buy a tractor to haul wood in the hills. Cutting trees and pulling wood were very tiring, but he can still earn 20 or 30 thousand yuan a year. The fields must be ploughed! Whenever there was no work in the fields, he went up into the mountains to cut down trees. He was so busy and dared not have a day free. That's how he survived. 'It's finally 2016,' he said with a smile. With the poverty alleviation policy, life is much better now. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Jan Chen<br /> <br /> == Part 11 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 李可依 Li Keyi====<br /> <br /> 麻竹笋<br /> <br /> 在连樟村人看来，麻竹笋是一种“现在的”植物。虽然现在，这种植物正上演着成功者的角色，但它离真正的成功尚有一定距离。它不仅要树立起根茎的尊严，还要让它的影子也获得尊严，它的权威性才算真正地确立了起来。<br /> 麻竹笋又名甜竹、大绿竹、瓦坭竹，是一种国内罕见的食肉笋品种，素有“岭南山珍”之称号，被国内外老饕们誉为“第一绿色保健食品”。笋子的株高可达30公分，中空有节，叶片大，互生。毛竹笋喜欢高温多湿的天气，在30度以上的温度里会生长迅速，产量很高。<br /> 麻竹笋是一种食用蔬菜，可凉拌沙拉，也可煮可炖，纤维多，用途广。自明代以来，连樟村就有种植竹笋、精制笋干的习惯。麻竹笋的特点是肉厚鲜嫩，爽滑可口，无脂肪。这里的笋干曾在清朝中期已远销广州、港澳及东南亚等地。麻竹叶具有药用和食用价值，是包粽子的上好原料，可令粽子清香爽口，回味悠长，还寓意着“竹报平安”的好意头。新鲜竹笋的颜色呈淡黄色而不是乳白色，吃在口中十分爽脆。笋干最好用淘米水熬煮后浸泡一天，再用来炖猪肉或鸡肉。当笋干浸染上肉味，口感会格外肥美而滋润。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====<br /> <br /> 麻竹笋含有一种白色的含氮物质，它让笋子具有一种独特的清香，能甘寒通利，促进肠胃蠕动，使粪便变软，具有开胃和促进消化的作用；麻竹笋还具有低糖低脂的特点，富含植物纤维，可降低体内多余脂肪，消痰化瘀；麻竹笋内的植物蛋白、维生素及微量元素的含量也很高，可增强机体免疫功能，提高抗病能力。对于生活在城市里的上班族来说，工作和生活都很紧张，很容易造成压力性便秘。若每周能吃上两次麻竹笋，对消化、吸收、通便都有促进作用；而在过年过节时吃麻竹笋，则寓意身体健康，生活像竹子一样节节高。<br /> 笋是节状生长的，买笋时要看节与节之间的距离——距离越近越紧密，笋肉就越细腻，吃起来味道就越好。买笋时还要看笋的形状——上部大而底部较小的笋比较好，这样的笋壳少而笋肉多。把笋剥开后，笋肉越嫩白，吃起来便越脆；绿色的笋肉，吃起来会感觉很涩。<br /> <br /> dendrocalamus latiflorus contains a white nitrogenous substance, which makes the bamboo shoots have a unique fragrance, which can be sweet, cold and beneficial, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, make feces soft, and have the function of appetizing and promoting digestion. dendrocalamus latiflorus also has the characteristics of low sugar and low fat, rich in plant fiber, which can reduce excess fat in the body and eliminate phlegm and blood stasis. The contents of plant protein, vitamins and trace elements in dendrocalamus latiflorus are also high, which can enhance the immune function of the body and improve the disease resistance. For office workers living in cities, work and life are very tense, which is easy to cause stress constipation. If you can eat dendrocalamus latiflorus twice a week, it will promote digestion, absorption and defecation. Eating dendrocalamus latiflorus during the Spring Festival means good health and a high life like bamboo. Bamboo shoots grow in knots. When buying bamboo shoots, you should look at the distance between the knots - the closer the distance is, the closer the bamboo shoots are, the more delicate the meat will be, and the better the taste will be. When you buy bamboo shoots, you also need to look at the shape of the bamboo shoots - the bamboo shoots with large upper part and small bottom are better. Such bamboo shoots have less shells and more meat. After the bamboo shoots are peeled, the more tender and white the bamboo shoots are, the crisper they will be. The green bamboo shoots taste very astringent.<br /> <br /> Dendrocalamus latiflorus contains a white nitrogenous substance, which gives the bamboo shoots a unique fragrance, and is able to tonify Yin, clear heat, and unblock the body. It can also promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, make feces soft, and have the function of promoting appetite and digestion. Dendrocalamus latiflorus also has the characteristics of low sugar and low fat and is rich in plant fiber, which can reduce excess fat in the body and eliminate phlegm and blood stasis. The contents of plant protein, vitamins, and trace elements in dendrocalamus latiflorus are also high, which can enhance the immune function of the body and improve the disease resistance ability. For office workers living in cities, work and life are very tense, which is easy to cause stress constipation. If you can eat dendrocalamus latiflorus twice a week, it will promote digestion, absorption, and defecation. Eating dendrocalamus latiflorus during the Spring Festival means good health and a life better and better as bamboo grows notch by notch, higher and higher. Bamboo shoots grow in knots. When buying bamboo shoots, you should look at the distance between the knots - the closer the distance is, the more delicate the bamboo shoot flesh will be, and the better the taste will be. When you buy bamboo shoots, you also need to look at the shape of the bamboo shoots - the bamboo shoots with large upper parts and small bottom parts are better. Such bamboo shoots have fewer shells and more flesh. After the bamboo shoots are peeled, the tenderer and whiter the bamboo shoots are, the crisper they will be, while the green bamboo shoots taste very astringent.<br /> <br /> ==== 李心田 Li Xintian====<br /> <br /> 晒干的麻竹笋有种酸味。那味道在连樟村人闻起来，根本算不上什么。然而，对一个村外人来说，那酸味十分巨大而且明显。这便让村外人皱起眉头——难道是连樟村人的嗅觉太粗陋？然而，当你在村里吃了鲜竹笋炒肉片，又吃了竹笋干炖肉后，便知道村里人的舌头非但没有钝化，反而相当灵敏。他们知道麻竹笋好吃，还知道有些麻竹笋是从镇里批发到村里来的，根本不是村里人自己晒的。<br /> <br /> Dried dendrocalamus latiflorus has a sour taste, which is nothing to villagers in Lianzhang Village, but is super huge and obvious for outsiders of the village. This makes them frown and feel confused—is it that people in Lianzhang Village have a poor sense of smell? However, after you eat fresh bamboo shoots fried with pork slices and dried bamboo shoots stewed with pork in the village, you will know that their tongues are not numb, instead, very sensitive. They know that dendrocalamus latiflorus is delicious. They also know that some dendrocalamus latiflorus is sold wholesale from town to the village, not being dried by the villagers at all.<br /> <br /> <br /> 陆国祥说：“刚砍笋的时候浑身发痒，但是做惯了，也就慢慢习惯了。”一条笋有50斤重，把皮剥掉后最多只剩下10斤。2019年，一斤麻竹笋能卖到8毛钱，比上一年的价格高了3毛。砍笋是个辛苦活，笋子叶上有茸毛，会让人浑身发痒。当麻竹笋长到1.2米至1.5米时，便可以砍了。用刀一剁，再用手一掰，将砍倒的笋垒成一堆，再搬到山下去。老笋难砍，要砍好几刀；嫩笋只需一刀，便可以掰断。他一天能砍笋600多斤，再用拖拉机拉下山。他心里明明白白——砂糖橘是彻底完蛋了，现在只能靠麻竹笋。2017年，他咬着牙花了4000元，雇挖掘机开出条山路。以前笋全靠人的肩膀往下担，现在，把笋往拖拉机车斗里一放，便突突突地运下了山。<br /> <br /> Lu Guoxiang said, “At the very beginning, I got itchy the time I cut bamboo shoots. But as I cut more and more, I get used to it.” A bamboo shoot weighs 25 kilograms but only weighs 5 kilograms at most after pealing. In 2019, dendrocalamus latiflorus sold for 1.6 yuan per kilogram, 0.6 yuan higher than that of last year. Cutting bamboo shoots is hard work and the fuzz on the leaves of bamboo shoots can make people feel itchy all over. When dendrocalamus latiflorus grows to 1.2 to 1.5 meters high, it’s time to cut it. You chop it with a knife, break it with your hands, pile the chopped bamboo shoots together and finally carry them down the mountain. It’s difficult to cut old bamboo shoots since you’ll have to cut several times; to break off tender bamboo shoots, you only need one cut. Lu Jianguo can cut more than 300 kilograms of bamboo shoots a day and then pull them down the mountain with a tractor. It’s clear to him that citrus shatangju is completely destroyed, and now he could only rely on dendrocalamus latiflorus. In 2017, he strained to spend 4000 yuan to hire an excavator to open a mountain road. In the past, bamboo shoots had to be carried down on shoulders, but now, you only need to put them in a tractor truck and they’ll be chugged down the mountain.<br /> <br /> Correction：Dried dendrocalamus latiflorus has a sour taste, which is nothing to villagers in Lianzhang Village, but is super huge and obvious for outsiders of the village. This makes them frown and feel confused—is it that people in Lianzhang Village have a poor sense of smell? However, after you eat fresh bamboo shoots fried with pork slices and dried bamboo shoots stewed with pork in the village, you will know that their tongues are not numb, instead, very sensitive. They know that dendrocalamus latiflorus is sold wholesale from town to the village, not being dried by the villagers at all.<br /> Lu Guoxiang said, “At the very beginning, I got itchy the time I cut bamboo shoots. But as I cut more and more, I get used to it.” A bamboo shoot weighs 25 kilograms but only weighs 5 kilograms at most after pealing. In 2019, dendrocalamus latiflorus sold for 1.6 yuan per kilogram, 0.6 yuan higher than that of last year. Cutting bamboo shoots is hard work and the fuzz on the leaves of bamboo shoots can make people feel itchy all over. When dendrocalamus latiflorus grows to 1.2 to 1.5 meters high, it’s time to cut it. You chop it with a knife, break it with your hands, pile the chopped bamboo shoots together and finally carry them down the mountain. It’s difficult to cut old bamboo shoots since you’ll have to cut several times; to break off tender bamboo shoots, you only need one cut. Lu Jianguo can cut more than 300 kilograms of bamboo shoots a day and then pull them down the mountain with a tractor. It’s clear to him that citrus shatangju is completely destroyed, and now he could only rely on dendrocalamus latiflorus. In 2017, he strained to spend 4000 yuan to hire an excavator to open a mountain road. In the past, bamboo shoots had to be carried down on shoulders, but now, you only need to put them in a tractor truck and they’ll be chugged down the mountain.orus is delicious. They also know that some dendrocalamus latiflorus is sold wholesale from town to the village, not being dried by the villagers at all.<br /> <br /> == Part 12 ==<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 李彦 Li Yan====<br /> <br /> 化肥<br /> <br /> 陆国祥天天进山，一干就是一天——他不是去砍笋，而是去挖坑。有些邻居便窃窃私语——他真是傻啊！原来，他先在麻竹笋的根边挖一个坑，再一点点把化肥埋进去。这样一棵笋一棵笋地挖过去，腰累得发酸，晚上躺在床上怎么都撑不直。他不想把化肥往山里一撒就不管了。“山里雨多啊！”只要下上一场雨，那些化肥就会一下子被冲掉——“几千块钱就一下子被冲掉了啊”。他把眼睛瞪圆：“政府的钱也是钱啊！”<br /> 说起麻竹笋，他如数家珍。一遍又一遍，他把自己的笋早都数得清清楚楚——全部有1500棵！这些笋是十几年前就种下的，后来又补种了一些。砂糖橘得病后，政府便鼓励大家种笋，还给予补助。2017年，扶贫工作队给他家帮扶了2000多元的化肥；2018年，又帮扶了4500元的。邻居们犯懒，拿着化肥往山里一撒就算完事。“那根本就是天女散花，不起作用的啊！”他可不愿这么干。那半个月的时间，他天天上山挖坑，再把化肥一点点埋进去。说起那些来送化肥的扶贫干部，他咧开嘴唇笑了起来。他说他懂他们的心思——“如果我们挣到钱，他们就开心了啊。”<br /> <br /> Fertilizer <br /> Lu Guoxiang went into the mountains every day and worked all day long. While he didn’t go to cut bamboo shoots, but to dig pits. Some neighbors whispered that he is really stupid! Originally, he dug a pit at the root of the bamboo shoots, and then buried the fertilizer in it little by little. In this way, he dug one shoot after another, and his back was so tired and sore that he couldn’t hold it straight in bed at night. He didn’t want to scatter the fertilizer into the mountain and leave it. “It rains a lot in the mountains!” Whenever it rains, the fertilizer will be washed away at once - “thousands of Yuan will be washed away at once. He rounded his eyes and said: “Government money is money as well!” When it comes to Dendrocalamus latiflorus, he talked about it like it's a treasure. Over and over again, he counted all his shoots - all 1,500 of them! These shoots were planted more than ten years ago, and later replanted some more. After the sugar orange got sick, the government encouraged people to plant bamboo shoots, and also gave subsidies. In 2017, the poverty alleviation task force helped his family with more than 2,000 yuan of fertilizer; it helped with 4,500 yuan of fertilizer in 2018. The neighbors were lazy, taking the fertilizer and scattering it into the mountain. “That’s just like scattering flowers in the sky, it doesn’t work!” He did not want to do that. During that half month, he went up the mountain every day to dig a hole, and then buried the fertilizer little by little. When he talked about those cadres who came to deliver fertilizer to the poor, he grinned with open lips. He said he understood what they were thinking - “If we earn money, they will be happy.”<br /> <br /> ==== 李梓玉 Li Ziyu====<br /> <br /> 大山无言，四季循环。这个男人是在万物丛生的乡野里，懂得了付出与收获是成正比的。人是不能骗地的，人也不能骗山。人只有把自己的身子伏下去，让汗滴洒在泥土里，那片地才能长出果实。人不需要对造物主创造出的这个世界表示惊叹——大山从不惊叹头顶的天空为何如此湛蓝，小溪也从不惊叹流水声为何是重叠的，蝴蝶们也不为翅膀上的黑色或黄色感到惊叹。一切都在一个既定的程序中安然地运转着。所以，人也无需惊叹自己何以是这等模样，他只需努力劳作，自然会获得想要的一切。<br /> 进山干活很是辛苦——蚊虫叮，空气闷，额头上的汗珠凝成珍珠，浑身的肌肉酸痛得像要从骨头上脱离下来。可是，他的心里是美滋滋的。晚上下山时，他看到头顶上已经有了月光。那月光，对世间所有的一切都很公平——不仅把明亮给了小溪，给了树叶，给了山路，还给了他的肩膀。他弯腰在溪水里洗净手脚，洗净脸上的泥污和汗渍，慢慢地朝村子走去。他像一把剑，在劳动中被锈蚀了，但在归家的路途中，溪水和月光又让他变得清爽发亮。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====<br /> <br /> 陆国祥在很小的时候，便知道自己的家里是穷的。除了父母这两个劳动力外，5个孩子都是张着嘴等吃饭的家伙，帮不上什么忙。村子被大山包围着，能挣钱的门路实在有限，所以，父母整日都为孩子们吃些啥而发愁。就在那间泥土屋中，一家人围坐在一起，“不是喝粥就是吃木薯”。他的声音哽咽起来：“别说吃肉，就连白米饭，一周也最多只能吃上一次！”<br /> 在那间堆满杂物的库房里，他打开一个鼓囊囊的袋子，从里面抓起一把白色碎屑给你看——那模样实在像是木头渣滓——“我们以前只能吃这种木薯，可现在，这东西都是拿来养鸡的。”“不，木薯就是木薯，和番薯完全不一样。”他认真地解释着。原来，木薯是一种多年生亚灌木，又称树薯、木番薯，起源于热带美洲，有4000年的栽种历史。中国于19世纪20年代引种栽培了这种植物，主要分布在淮河、秦岭一线及长江流域以南，以广东和广西栽培面积最大；而番薯又叫红薯、山芋和地瓜，产自南美洲，于16世纪末传入中国。如今，除了青藏高原外，中国的大江南北，皆有番薯的足迹。<br /> Lu Guoxiang had known that they were poor since he was little. There was no workforce except for his parents but five kids with their mouths waiting for meals.<br /> The village was surrounded by mountains leaving little chance for making money. Day by day parents was worrying about their children’s food. It was just in that clay home where whole families sat together having nothing else but porridge and cassava.<br /> He began to choke， “We barely had rice more than once a week, let alone meat. ”<br /> In this fully stored storeroom, he opens a fat bag, grabs a handful of scraps, and shows it to you. It looks just like scraps from wood. He seriously explains, “No, cassava is cassava, not sweet potato at all ” <br /> It turns out that cassava is a kind of perennial subshrub also called wood potato or wood sweet potato which originated in tropical America, with more than 4000 years of growing history.<br /> It was introduced and cultivated in China in the 1820s, mainly distributed in the Huaihe River, Qinling Mountains, and the south of the Yangtze River basin, with the largest cultivated area in Guangdong and Guangxi. Fanshu(sweet potatoes), also called Shanyu, and Digua, originated in South America and were introduced to China at the end of the 16th century. Today, in addition to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China's north and south, there are sweet potatoes everywhere.<br /> <br /> Correction：<br /> <br /> Lu Guoxiang had known that his family was poor when he was a kid. There was no workforce except for his parents, and five kids who were able to help their parents were waiting for meals. The village was surrounded by mountains leaving little chance for making money. Day by day parents worried about their children’s food. It was just in that adobe house where whole families sat together having nothing else but porridge and cassava. He choked with emotion, “We barely had rice more than once a week, let alone meat.” In this warehouse full of stuff, he opened a swollen bag, grabbed a handful of white scraps, and showed it. It looked just like sawdust. He seriously explained, “We used to eat this kind of cassava, but now they are fed to chickens.” “Well, cassava is cassava, and it is not sweet potato at all.” It turns out that cassava is a kind of perennial subshrub and also called wood potato or wood sweet potato which originate in tropical America, with more than 4000 years of cultivation history. It was introduced and cultivated in China in the 1920s, and it mainly distributed in the Huaihe River, Qinling Mountains, and the south of the Yangtze River basin, with the largest cultivated area in Guangdong and Guangxi. Fanshu(sweet potatoes), also called Hongshu, Shanyu, and Digua, which originated in South America and were introduced to China at the end of the 16th century. Today, in addition to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, sweet potatoes traveled everywhere in China.<br /> <br /> ==== 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====<br /> <br /> 在一座村庄里，房子可不仅仅只是一个建筑物，一个可以栖身的地方，它还是财富的象征，能力的展现。现在，陆国祥一家住的是砖房，虽然没有装修，但和土房子到底不一样——安全、宽敞、干燥！屋里摆着电视、音响、冰箱、电饭煲和消毒柜，有单独的卫生间和厨房。灶台甚为硕大，有三眼火。曾经的那栋土房子，根本就是男主人的噩梦。每当有人给他介绍对象时，他的心都砰然跃动着。然而，等那些女子来到他家，看到那栋满身裂着皱纹的房子后，整个人便凝固成一尊雕塑。其实，她们站在房子面前的时间很短，然而，对这个男人来说，那段时间真是“一秒等于一万年”。 他知道那些女子已进入想象状态——当她们作为女主人推开那扇木门后，能否与那个空间里的一切和谐相处呢？不。她们的答案是否定的。于是，当她们转过身来，脸上浮出充满歉意的微笑时，这个男人便明白了——相亲再一次失败。<br /> <br /> In a village, a house isn’t only a symbol of a building or a place to live in, but the embodiment of wealth and capability. Now, Lu Guoxiang and his family own a brick house without doing a renovation, which is totally different from an adobe house. The safe, spacious and dry house has television, stereo, fridge, rice cooker and disinfection cabinet. It also has individual bathroom and kitchen, and the cooktop with three burners is huge. The adobe house was a nightmare for the husband. Every time when others set him up, he is excited and nervous, with his heart beating fast. After those women who come to his home see his house with cracks in walls, however, they stand still like a sculpture. In fact, the time that they stand in front of his house is short, but it seems like one second is equivalent to many years for the man. He knows that these women are wondering whether they can accept everything in the house when they open the door as a wife of the man. The answer is no. Thus, when they turn around and give an apologetic smile, he gets a hint that the blind date fails.<br /> <br /> <br /> Correction: In a village, a house is not only a building or a place to dwell, but the embodiment of wealth and capability. Now, though Lu Guoxiang’s family simply own a plain brick house, it is totally different from an adobe house------it’s a safe, spacious and dry house with television, stereo, fridge, rice cooker and disinfection cabinet. It also has individual bathroom and kitchen, and the cooktop with three burners is huge. The adobe house was a nightmare for the husband. Every time someone sets him up, he is excited but nervous, with his heart beating fast. After those women who came to his home saw his house with cracks creeping all over the walls, however, they stood still like a sculpture. In fact, the time that they stood in front of his house was short, but it seemed that one second is equivalent to many years for the man. He knows that these women are wondering whether they can accept everything in the house when they open the door as the wife of the man. The answer is no. Thus, when they turn around and give an apologetic smile, he gets a hint that the blind date fails again.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘丛领 Liu Congling====<br /> <br /> 2010年7月1日，他领了结婚证。老婆叫陆海鱼，出生于1983年。那女子长着一头浓黑的短发，皮肤泛黄，圆脸上有两道粗黑，单眼皮下是高鼻梁和薄嘴唇，看起来周周正正。丈夫笑嘻嘻地说：“她原本是一条海里的鱼，在我的家里受委屈喽。”老婆听到这话后，在嘴角弯起一个好看的笑容。在这对夫妻间，有着一种无言的默契。妻子看着丈夫时，眼神里充满了理解和爱恋。你以为他们是自由恋爱后结婚的，但其实，他们“从认识到结婚不到10天。”那个时候，他已经42岁了。当陆海鱼的小姨给他介绍对象时，他很快就点了头。首先，他相信小姨不会骗他；其次，“我的年龄太大了，没什么好挑的。”<br /> On July 1, 2010, he registered his marriage. His wife is Lu Haiyu, a woman born in 1983 with short, thick black hair, yellowish skin, a round face featuring two wide dark lines, and a high nose and thin lips under her single eyelid. &quot;She was at first a fish in the sea. She suffers in my family.&quot; the husband said, grinning. The wife’s lips curved in a nice smile at this. There was a tacit understanding between the couple. The wife's eyes were full of understanding and love as she looked at her husband. You might think they were married on the basis of free love, but in fact, the whole process &quot;met and got married” was a mere 10 days. At that time, he was already 42 years old. So when Lu Haiyu's aunt fixed him up with someone, he quickly nodded. First, he believed that his aunt would not cheat him; Second, &quot;I'm too old to be a crabber.&quot;<br /> 人到中年才娶上老婆，并不是说他以前不想找对象。事实上，“我从二十几岁就开始找对象，年年都在找，但一直没有找到合适的。”“合适”是个非常奇怪的状态——在非常短的时间里，男女双方互相揣测着，看对方是否和自己幻想中的那个人一模一样。当发现对方不像自己所期待的那样时，只需要一秒钟。每年都相亲，次次都失败……这耻辱的经历让他逐渐地清醒了过来。<br /> It doesn’t mean that he didn't want to be seeing someone until he got married in his middle age. In fact, &quot;I've been looking for a partner since my 20s, year after year, but I haven't found the right one all the way.&quot; &quot;Suitability&quot; is a very strange state ------ for a very short period of time, both man and woman are trying to figure out if the other person is exactly like the person they think they are. It only takes a second to realize that the other person is not what you expected. Attending blind date every year but failing every time, he gradually came to his sense after the humiliating experiences.<br /> <br /> Correction:<br /> On July 1, 2010, he registered his marriage. His wife is Lu Haiyu, born in 1983. The woman had short, thick black hair, yellowish skin, a round face with two thick black eyebrows, and a high nose and thin lips under her single eyelids. &quot;She was at first a fish in the sea, but now she suffers in my family.&quot; the husband said, grinning. The wife’s lips curved in a nice smile at this. There was a tacit understanding between the couple. The wife's eyes were full of understanding and love as she looked at her husband. You might think they were married on the basis of free love, but in fact, they &quot;met and got married within 10 days”. At that time, he was already 42 years old. So when Lu Haiyu's aunt fixed him up with someone, he quickly nodded. First, he believed that his aunt would not cheat him; Second, he thought, &quot;I'm too old to be a crabber.&quot;It doesn’t mean that he didn't want to see someone until he got married in his middle age. In fact, he said, &quot;I've been looking for a partner since my 20s, year after year, but I haven't found the suitable one all the way.&quot; &quot;Suitability&quot; is a very strange state -- for a very short period of time, both men and women are trying to figure out if the other person is exactly like the person in their imagination. It only takes a second to realize that the other person is not the one you expected. Attending blind date every year but failing every time, he gradually came to his sense after these humiliating experiences.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 陆海鱼的小姨在最初向他介绍时说得明明白白——女方患有小儿麻痹，手有些不灵便。于是，他见到了那个女子：身量适中，五官端正，嘴角挂着腼腆的笑容。他很快便点了头——这世界留给他的选择机会并不多。婚礼非常简单——彩礼6000元，摆酒8000元。婚后他发现，老婆只能干些轻微的家务活，做不了地里的重活。有时，甚至有些简单的家务活对她都是难事——将茶壶里的开水往暖瓶倒的时候，她会因为对不准瓶口而烫伤自己的脚。但老婆性格温顺，从来都是他说她听，于是，日子也就平平淡淡地过了下去。<br /> 砂糖橘生病后，他将全部的希望都放在了麻竹笋上。他认真地把化肥埋在每一棵竹笋的根上——他不是在埋化肥，而是在埋希望啊！他知道自己一点一点挖坑的模样，显得十分笨拙；他也知道邻居们在背后怎样地嘲笑他。然而，他还是坚持上山，一天又一天。他观察着那些笋子的叶片，就像观察自己孩子的头发。当那些小小的颗粒在泥土里溶解后，叶片便会发生变化。有时，他挖坑挖得时间太长了，以致一起身，便会感觉头晕目眩，整个人要栽倒。他赶忙把一只手放在额前遮住阳光，深深地喘上几口气，才满满地恢复正常。他慢慢地打量着目光所及的竹林——这一片属于他的竹林——他好像已经看到了未来的自己，正举起刀砍向那些竹笋。那一颗颗竹笋被抬进拖拉机的车斗中，被拉到了麻竹笋加工厂。<br /> <br /> When Lu Haiyu’s aunt first introduced Lu Haiyu to him, she told him abundantly clear -- Lu Haiyu suffered from polio, and had some problems with her hands. He then met Lu, who was of moderate size, having a nice look with a shy smile on her lips. He quickly agreed -- the world didn't leave him many choices. The wedding was simple – there was only a bride price of 6,000 yuan and a wedding feast of 8,000 yuan. After marriage, he found that his wife could not do heavy work in the fields, but some easy housework. Sometimes, it was even difficult for her to do some simple household chores – When she poured boiling water from the kettle into the thermos, she would burn her feet, for she didn't correct the top of the bottle. But his wife was meek and always obedient to him. The day passed uneventfully. After tangerines were sickly, he put all his hopes on bamboo shoots. He carefully buried chemical fertilizers on the roots of each bamboo shoot -- he was not burying fertilizers, but burying hope! He knew how clumsy the way he dug the hole bit by bit was. He also knew how the neighbors laughed at him behind his back. Yet he kept going up the mountain from day to day. He observed the leaves of the shoots as if they were the hair of his own child. After those tiny particles dissolved in the soil, the leaves would change. Sometimes he dug for so long that he felt dizzy and would fall over when he raised himself up. He quickly put a hand in front of his forehead against the sunlight, took a few deep breaths, and then slowly recovered. He slowly looked around the bamboo forest within sight -- the bamboo forest that belonged to him -- as if he already saw his future self, who was raising a knife to cut down the bamboo shoots. The bamboo shoots were carried into the bucket of the tractor, and then, they were pulled to the bamboo shoots processing plant.<br /> <br /> When Lu Haiyu’s aunt first introduced Lu Haiyu to him, she told him abundantly clear -- Lu Haiyu suffered from polio, and had some problems with her hands. He then met Lu, who was of moderate size, having a nice look with a shy smile on her lips. He quickly agreed -- the world didn't leave him many choices. The wedding was simple – there was only a bride price of 6,000 yuan and a wedding feast of 8,000 yuan. After marriage, he found that his wife could not do heavy work in the fields, but some light housework. Sometimes, it was even difficult for her to do some simple household chores – when she poured boiling water from the kettle into the thermos, she would burn her feet for failing to point the top of the bottle. But his wife was meek and always obedient to him. The day passed uneventfully. After tangerines were sickly, he put all his hopes on bamboo shoots. He carefully buried chemical fertilizers on the roots of each bamboo shoot — he was not burying fertilizers, but burying hope! He knew how clumsy the way he dug the hole bit by bit was. He also knew how the neighbors laughed at him behind his back. Yet he kept going up the mountain from day to day. He observed the leaves of the shoots as if they were the hair of his own child. After those tiny particles dissolved in the soil, the leaves would change. Sometimes he dug for so long that he felt dizzy and would fall over when he raised himself up. He quickly put a hand in front of his forehead against the sunlight, took a few deep breaths, and then recovered gradually. He slowly looked around the bamboo forest within sight — the bamboo forest that belonged to him — as if he already saw his future self, who was raising a knife to cut down the bamboo shoots. The bamboo shoots were carried into the bucket of the tractor, and then they were pulled to the bamboo shoots processing plant.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====<br /> <br /> 不砍笋的时候，他便到外面打零工。他有一台拖拉机，他的驾驶技术还不错。他可以帮别人运木头和运沙土——如果是自己包油，一天干8小时的工钱是350元。除去50元油费和机器磨损的费用外，一天能挣200元。这个活干起来也很辛苦——整天坐在拖拉机上，不是上山就是下山。山路崎岖，要格外小心才行——在这个小村里，因拖拉机翻车而造成身体残疾乃至毙命的事，并不少见。他也知道危险，但还是毅然决然地出了门。“只要有活就一定要干，不干不行啊！”现在，他是3个孩子的父亲——大儿子11岁，大女儿8岁，小女儿6岁。过去年代，他的父母为孩子们吃饭而发愁；而现在，他为孩子们的上学而发愁。然而，他即刻便发出感慨：“从2016年开始的助学补助，真是一场及时雨啊！”现在，他的大儿子和大女儿每年每个人都能有3000元的生活补助，上学的难题算是彻底解决了。<br /> 他的老母亲名叫陆四妹，已是87岁高龄的老人，但身子骨还很硬朗。听到屋子里有人说话，便踱步进来，安静地坐在椅子上。这个老太太顶着一头雪白的银发，缺牙的嘴角弯起，在脸上挂出一个慈祥的笑容。你惊诧于那些皱纹——横纹从额头处向下，竖纹从下巴处向上，在太阳穴处扭结成一个麻团，而手上的皱纹像一缕缕刀痕。你向老人家问好，而她则频频点头。听说她现在还能自己做饭吃时，你惊得目瞪口呆，手里的钢笔简直要掉在了地上——唉！城里的医疗条件那么好，可有些人活到了六七十岁，也便撒手人寰。而这个老人家，居然还能做饭！<br /> <br /> He would go outside to find some odd jobs when not cutting bamboo shoots. He had a tractor and his driving was good. He was able to help others to deliver wood and sand, which could make him earn 350 yuan in 8 hours within a day if he paid the gas money by himself. He could earn 200 yuan in one day except for 50 yuan of gas money and the cost of machine wear. This job was not easy to do for he needed to sit on the tractor all day long and kept climbing up and down the hill. Because the mountain road was rugged, one who needed to do this job must be extremely careful. In this small village, it was not rare that someone became disabled even died for the overturn of tractors. He decided to do that stoutly though knowing the danger. “I must to work without any retreat.” Now, he is a father of three children—a 11-year-old boy, a 8-year-old daughter, and the second daughter who is 6 years old. In the past, his parents worried about feeding their children. And now, he was anxious about children’s schooling. However, he sighed with emotion immediately, “the national fellowships which started in 2016 was a kind of timely rain.” Now, his son and the first daughter each can receive a fellowship of 3000 yuan annually, which means that the great difficulty in their education was overcome thoroughly. His mother called Lu Simei, an 87-year-old grand old woman, is still in good health. When hearing someone talking, she will walk in slowly and lay in a deck chair. This elderly lady with gray hair wears a kindly smile when raising her corner of the toothless mouth. You are astonished by her wrinkles-those horizontal ones from the forehead downward, and vertical ones from the chin upward, and they meet and gather on her temples, while those on her hands like slashes. If you say hi to her, she will answer you with nodding her head. When hearing that she could even cook by herself, you would be so stunned that you let your pen drop on the floor. Alas! Though there are sound medical conditions in cities, some who are in their sixties or seventies would pass away. Looking at this elder, she even can cook by herself!<br /> <br /> ==== 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====<br /> <br /> 陆国祥在连江口镇吃过鹰嘴桃后，发现那桃子不仅好吃，而且一斤还能卖到十几元，便在心里盘算起来——如果自己种得好，能卖到七八元也是好的。说干就干！他花了3000元，从河源市买了450棵鹰嘴桃树苗，还向卖苗人咨询了种植方法。2019年，他种了10亩地的鹰嘴桃。他总是兴冲冲地去地里除草和浇水，盼望着在3年后能有好收成。“种桃子树就像养个小孩啊，要做长远规划。”他相信自己能种成鹰嘴桃——此前，他家的砂糖橘有过连续丰收10年的记录。最高产的那一年，还卖出了20万的好价格啊。“真的！整棵树都挂满了果啊！”他记得自己曾创造出的辉煌，就像所有的蒙古人都记得成吉思汗一样。<br /> 现在，他满脑子都在想怎么挣钱，怎么把穷帽子甩得远远的。他知道，村里的那些扶贫干部们，正“想尽一切办法让我们的生活好起来啊”。最近，村里安排他当巡山员，每个月有3000元的收入，他干得相当认真。这个活不仅要巡山，还要巡河。每天，他一大早就出了门——看看有没有人在山里生火，有没有人在河里挖沙。一旦进入大山，他的眼睛就变得像鸟儿一样敏锐；一旦来到河边，他的身体就变得像鱼儿一样顺溜。他在这个村子里出生，虽然也在这里吃过苦受过累，然而，他却真心实意地爱着这个地方；这种爱，胜过爱世界上任何一个别的地方。<br /> <br /> After having eaten hawthorn peaches in Lianjiangkou town, Lu Guoxiang found that the peaches were not only delicious, but also could be sold for more than ten yuan a catty. He thought in his mind- if I grew and sold them by myself ,even though only seven or eight yuan per catty sounds great. So he did it immediately! He spent 3,000 yuan to buy 450 seedlings of hawkmoth peaches from Heyuan City and consulted the seller on how to grow them. The year 2019 has witnessed him planting 10 acres of hawkmoth peaches. He is always excited to go to the ground to weed and water, looking forward to a good harvest after three years. &quot;Growing peach trees is like raising a child, you have to plan on a long term basis.&quot; He believes he can grow hawthorn peaches successfully. In the past, his family had a record of good harvests of sugar oranges for 10 consecutive years. The highest yielding year even fetched a good price of $200,000 RMB. &quot;It's true! The whole tree was full of fruit!&quot; He remembered the glory he had created, just as all Mongolians will never forget Genghis Khan. Now, he is obsessed with the thoughts of making money, getting rid of poverty. He knows that the village cadres are &quot;doing everything they can to make our lives better&quot;. Recently, he is appointed to be a mountain patroller by the village. The job pays him 3000 RMB a month, and he takes it very seriously, involving not only patrolling the mountains but also the rivers. Every day, he goes out early in the morning - to see if anyone is building a fire in the mountains or digging sand in the rivers. Once in the mountains, his eyes became as sharp as a bird's; once at the river, his body became as smooth as a fish's. He was born in this village, although he also suffered here, he loved this place with all his heart; a love that was greater than love for any other place in the world.<br /> <br /> After having eaten hawthorn peaches in Lianjiangkou town, Lu Guoxiang found that the peaches were not only delicious, but also could be sold for more than ten yuan per catty. He thought to himself- if I could grow out such peaches and sell them for seven or eight yuan per catty.That would be great! So he did it immediately! He spent 3,000 yuan to buy 450 seedlings of hawkmoth peaches from Heyuan City and consulted the seller on how to grow them. In 2019, he planted 10 acres of hawkmoth peaches. He was always excited to go to the filed to weed and water, looking forward to a good harvest after three years. &quot;Growing peach trees is like raising a child, you have to think big and make long-term plans.&quot; He believed he could grow out hawthorn peaches successfully. In the past, his family had a record of good harvests of sugar oranges for 10 consecutive years. In the highest yielding year, he even made a profit of $200,000 RMB. &quot;It's true! The whole tree was full of fruit!&quot; He remembered the glory he had created, just as all Mongolians will never forget Genghis Khan. Now, he is obsessed with the thoughts of making money and getting rid of poverty. He knew that the village cadres were doing their best to make our lives better. Recently, he was appointed as a mountain patroller by the village with a salary of 3000 RMB per month, and he took it very seriously. This job involves patrolling the mountains and rivers. Every day, he went out early in the morning - to see if anyone was lighting a fire in the mountains or digging sand in the rivers. Once entering mountains, his eyes became as sharp as the bird's; and by river, his body became as smooth as the fish's. He was born in this village. Although he suffered much there, he loved this place with all his heart more than any other places in the world.<br /> <br /> == Part 13 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing====<br /> 木材加工厂<br /> <br /> 你来到木材加工厂，好像进入到一个大音响的内部，耳膜被一阵阵轰隆隆的噪音所切割。然而，那两个正在锯木头的年轻男子，却好像带了耳塞般什么都听不见。一根粗壮的原木被摆在案子上，被一个人推上了转动的锯齿。随着哧哧声，那木头在被运送到对面去的时候，侧面已被笔直地切割下一缕；当它被再次推回来时，身体的另一部分也分离开了一缕。于是，就在这推来送去间，它由一根圆滚滚的木头变成了一堆细长的木条。另外的两个人——一个是老年男子，另一个中年女人——正在装订木头。他们也像是戴了耳塞，根本听不见任何噪音。他们将木头放在一个长条状机器里收拢成束，用榔头将木头敲打整齐，再用铁丝和塑料绳捆扎起来。空气里飘满了木头的碎屑，而这些碎屑在阳光下闪闪光芒，像是噪音的好兄弟。<br /> The wood processing plant<br /> When you enter a wood processing plant, it seems like you’ve come into the interior of a large stereo, your eardrums cut by a rumble of noise. The two young men sawing the logs, however, can't hear anything as if they had earplugs. A thick log was laid out on a case and pushed up by one of the men into the teeth of a spinning saw. With a giggling sound, the log was transported across the room with a straight strand cut off its side;<br /> When it was pushed back again, the other part of its body was also separated from the strand. Thus, in the course of this pushing and transporting, it was transformed from a round log into a pile of slender strips of wood. Two other men - one an older man, the other a middle-aged woman - were binding the wood. They also looked like they were wearing earplugs and couldn't hear any noise at all. They put the wood in a long machine to gather it into bundles, beat it neatly with a hammer and tie it up with wire and plastic string. The air is filled with wood splinters, which glisten in the sunlight like the noise's best buddies<br /> <br /> ==== 鲁思 Lu Si====<br /> <br /> 这是一幅艺术家创作的油画——画面中的两个男人正在推拉原木，另外的一男一女正在捆扎木条。<br /> <br /> This is an oil painting created by the artist ——the two men in the picture are pushing and pulling logs, while another man and a woman are binding strips of wood.<br /> <br /> This is an oil painting created by the artist ——the two men in the picture are pushing and pulling logs, while another man and a woman are binding strips of wood.<br /> <br /> 线条是画面中最为重要的元素——脊背的线条，手臂的线条，木头的线条和切割机的线条。<br /> <br /> The line of the spine, arm, wood and cutter are the most important elements in the painting.<br /> <br /> The line of the spine, arm, wood and cutter are the most important elements in the painting.<br /> <br /> 你感觉那艺术家在摸索这些线条时内心充满欣喜——他让线条沉浸在阳光的照射中，充满了丰富的表现力。那些闪亮的线条格外流畅，充满了欣慰。<br /> <br /> You can feel that the artist was very happy when drawing these lines, because the lines are immersed in the sunlight and full of energy, the lines are very smooth.<br /> <br /> You can feel that the artist was very happy while drawing these lines, because the lines are immersed in the sunlight and full of energy. These lines are very smooth.<br /> <br /> 劳动是艰苦的，但同时，劳动也是欣慰的。那些木头就是从侧旁的大山里砍下来的。在如此近的距离中，木头已变成了木条。<br /> <br /> Labor is both hard and gratifying. Those logs were cut from the mountain beside the side. In such a close distance, the wood had turned into strips of wood.<br /> <br /> Labor is both hard and gratifying. Those logs were cut from the mountain beside the side. In such a close distance, the wood had turned into strips of wood.<br /> <br /> ==== 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====<br /> <br /> 你走进了这幅画面，内心充满了奇异的感动。<br /> <br /> When you walk into this picture, your heart is full of fantastic feelings.<br /> <br /> When you walk into this picture, your heart is full of fantastic feelings.<br /> <br /> 你感觉那被切割下来的木头的糙皮，就是生活——是的，生活不是提拉米苏蛋糕，而是像这糙皮一样的东西！<br /> <br /> You feel that the rough skin of the cut wood is life - yes, life is not Tiramisu cake, but something like this rough skin!<br /> <br /> You feel that the rough skin of the cut wood is life - yes, life is not Tiramisu cake, but something like this rough skin!<br /> <br /> 每一根木头都那样粗犷，都那样赤裸裸，都那样刚劲有力。这些木头就是一切事物的原初状态。<br /> <br /> Every piece of wood is so rough, so naked, so strong and powerful.This wood is the original state of everything.<br /> <br /> Every piece of wood is so rough, so naked, so strong and powerful. This wood are the original state of everything.<br /> <br /> 这些木头，曾经是一根比人的手指还细的树苗。它们在大山里孤独地长大。<br /> <br /> The wood used to be a sapling thinner than a human finger.They grew up alone in the mountains.<br /> <br /> The wood used to be a sapling thinner than a human finger. They grew up alone in the mountains.<br /> <br /> 每一个白天和黑夜，它们都用力张开自己的叶片，吸纳着所有的阳光、水分和养料。<br /> <br /> Every day and night, they vigorously opened their leaves to absorbed all the sunlight, water and nutrients.<br /> <br /> Every day and night, they vigorously opened their leaves to absorb all sunlight, water and nutrients.<br /> <br /> 它们按自己的遗传基因生长着，最终，长成了像父母那般的模样。它们是大山真正的儿子。它们懂得溪水，了解蝴蝶，热爱微风。<br /> <br /> They grew according to their own genetic genes, and finally grew up like their parents.They are the mountain's real sons.They know about streams, butterflies and breezes.<br /> <br /> They grew according to their own genetic genes, and finally grew up to look like their parents. They are the mountain's real sons. They know about streams, butterflies and love breezes.<br /> <br /> ==== 马明宇 Ma Mingyu====<br /> <br /> 一棵树被砍倒后的命运，就像一个女子出嫁后的命运。木头要变成桌子腿或天花板，根本不以它的意志为转移。然而在骨子里，它还是那棵树，那棵山上的树。木材加工场就是木头的婚礼现场——在剧烈的嬗变中，木头变成了另一种连自己都认不出的事物，走上了另一条前途未知的道路。于是，这幅画面里又飘荡着一种空灵的叹息。当这些大树被分化成一小块一小块时，一种新的东西诞生了——优雅和文明。<br /> <br /> The fate of a tree that was cut down, just like the fate of a woman after marriage. The wood would be transformed into table legs or ceilings, not at all by its will. Yet inside, it's still the same tree, the tree on the hill. The wood processing site is the wedding site of wood-- in the drastic evolution, wood has become another kind of things even itself can not recognize, on another unknown future road. Then an ethereal sigh wanders through the picture. When these great trees were divided into small pieces, something new was born-- elegance and civilization.<br /> <br /> ==== 彭琦 Peng Qi====<br /> <br /> 2016年，村里进行土地整合后，邓春活家的蔬菜大棚每年能有2300元的分红，两亩地出租后每年有2000元的租金，儿子也领到了一年3000元的生活补助，日子明显比以往好过许多。然而，单靠这些还不够。一咬牙，她便来到了木器加工厂打杂工——丈夫去世后，家里只剩下她一个劳动力，女儿还在上大学，她怎能不心焦？<br /> In 2016, after the village's land integration, Deng Chunhuo was able to get an annual dividend of 2,300 yuan from her family's vegetable shed, two acres of land was rented out with an annual rent of 2,000 yuan, and her son also received a living allowance of 3,000 yuan a year. Obviously, life is getting better. But, it's not enough. So, she went to work as a handyman in a woodworking factory-After her husband's death, she was the only one left working in the family, and her daughter was still at university, so how could she not be anxious?<br /> <br /> 木器加工厂让这个女人看到了很多真相——当女人没有依靠后的真相。一旦进入到这个轰隆隆的世界，女人便要集中起自己的全部精神，瞪大眼睛，屏住呼吸，心跳砰砰地开始工作。在这里，最厉害的主角就是那部切割机。一切都因它而诞生，因它而旋转，因它而分解。它是一颗身上冒着火苗的小星球，好像永远都不会熄灭；它让这个空间里充斥着大量的粉尘。那些粉尘在金色阳光的照耀下，像降落伞般肆意漂浮，散发着呛人的辛辣味，像厨房里打翻了装辣椒面的瓶子；它让这里像一个巨人的心脏，总是发出骇人的轰隆声，一刻也不停歇。<br /> <br /> The woodworking factory shows this woman a lot of truth - the truth of what happens when a woman has no one to rely on. Once in this rumbling world, the woman has to concentrate all her energy, keep her eyes wide open, hold her breath and get to work with her heart pounding. Here, the most powerful protagonist is the cutter. Everything is born out of it, spun by it, and disintegrated by it. It is a small planet with fire coming out of it that never seems to go out; it fills the space with a huge amount of dust, which floats wildly like a parachute in the light of the golden sun. It emits a choking, pungent smell like a spilled bottle of chili pasta in the kitchen; it makes this place like the heart of a giant, which is always uttering an appalling rumbling sound that never stops for a moment.<br /> <br /> ==== 王露 Wang Lu====<br /> <br /> 邓春活进入加工厂后的第一天便明白了——自己犯下了一个可怕的错误。然而，纠正这错误已经太迟了。在粉尘折磨着鼻孔，噪音摧残着耳膜的状态下，她的双手配合着双脚，不断地搬动木头，捆扎木头，运送木头。那些木头上到处都是毛刺，让手掌被扎得鲜血横流。在加工厂干完活后回到家，这女人像是喝醉了般将肉身摔在床上后，一点都不想动弹。她将全部的能量都释放了出来后，整个身子变得软绵绵的，疲乏无力。然而，她却不能讨厌那些木头。村里所有的人都知道，因为山路弯弯，阻碍了他们与外界的联系，所以，在家门口能挣上钱的工作非常少；所以，粉尘是小事，噪音也是小事，划破手掌更是小事……只要每个月能领到2000元的工资，她便心满意足了。<br /> <br /> On the first day in the processing plant, Deng Chunhuo found she had made a horrible mistake which is too late to make it right. Dust tormented her nostrils and noise destroyed her eardrum. With cooperation of hands and feet, moving, bundling up and transporting, she kept struggling with the wood. There were splinters all over the wood that made her palms bleed. After finishing one day’s work in the plant, she slammed herself onto bed as if she was drunk and didn’t want to move. She was weak and worn out and felt a lack of energy. However, she could not hate the wood. Because of the winding mountain road, they had no way to contact with the world outside the village, which is known by the whole village. Therefore, there were few jobs nearby. As a consequence, it was trifles to troubled by the dust and noise, or to hurt the palms. It was enough for her to get the 2000-yuan salary every month.<br /> <br /> ==== 王琪 Wang Qi ====<br /> <br /> 这就是村民和大山的关系。当他们诞生在大山深处时，并不了解这种关系的可怕性——他们依赖大山而生存，但大山有时候却会反过来吞噬他们。丈夫开着拖拉机从山路上突突而下时，大山陡然间发了怒——它不愿听男人作任何解释，便奋力地掀翻了他的车。而那个女人，像是为了报复大山般，最终来到了木材加工厂——这个专门肢解大山孩子的地方——工作。在这个空间里，木头无所不在，无处不是。这里的木头是大树的尸体。现在，这个女人整日整日地观察着那些木头。她在这个空间里观察的时间越久，便越觉得自己孤立无援。她不断地给自己打气，让自己挺住，不要倒下去。现在，她要把自己锻炼得像一根顶梁柱，才能将家里的那栋屋子撑起来。<br /> <br /> This is the relationship between the villagers and the mountains. When they were born in the deep mountain, they did not understand the horror of this relationship yet - they depended on the mountains for survival, but the mountains sometimes devoured them in turn. When the husband drove his tractor down the mountain road, the mountain burst into anger - it would never listen to any explanation from the man but fought to overturn his car. As for the woman, as if in revenge for the mountain, she finally came to work in the wood processing plant – which specialized in dismembering the children of the mountain. In this place, wood, the corpse of big trees, was everywhere and nowhere. Now, this woman spends all her days observing the wood. The longer she spends, the more isolated she feels. She keeps pumping herself up to hold on and not to crack. She has to sharpen herself to be the pillar at present, so as to support her whole family.<br /> <br /> This is the relationship between villagers and mountains. When they were born in the mountain, they did not understand the horror of this relationship: They depended on mountains for survival, but the mountains sometimes, in turn, devoured them. When her husband drove his tractor down the mountain, the mountain burst into anger -- it would never listen to any explanation from the man but overturned his car. As if in revenge for the mountain, the women finally came to work for a wood processing plant, which specialized in dismembering the children of the mountain. In this place, wood, the corpse of big trees, was everywhere and nowhere. Now, this woman spends all her days observing the wood. The longer she spends, the more isolated she feels. She keeps pumping herself up to hold on and not to crack. She has to sharpen herself to be a pillar at present, so as to support the whole family.<br /> <br /> == Part 14 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====<br /> 厨房<br /> <br /> 那女人挑着担子从山上走下来时，让人看着着实心疼。虽然她戴着顶草帽，可那不到1.6米的个头实在袖珍，让肩膀上的担筐显得格外沉重。然而，她的身体里像是安装了个发电机，能让她一直一直地往前走。筐子里的麻竹笋像一堆小炮弹，一个个都雄赳赳气昂昂，像是放在炮筒里就能飞射出去，将田野炸开个洞。那些绿色小炮弹一个挨一个，让筐子的重量愈发沉重，让担筐子的女人愈发蹒跚。但那个体型瘦小的女人却异常自尊，将每一步都踏得格外稳当。看得出来，她对维护尊严这件事非常敏感。她就这样一步一步地走了下来——从崎岖的山路上，一步步挪到了村子里面。碰到她的人都在揣测筐子里的东西有多重——至少100斤以上吧？差不多有120斤了吧？嗯，应该有130斤了？<br /> 到2019年时，邓春活已年满50岁。她虽然身量不高，皮肤黝黑，但却看着异常健康。她的短发里已有了白丝，嘴角边也有了皱纹，但一笑起来，右侧脸颊上的一颗小酒窝，让她还保持着少女般的羞涩。她的五官看着十分顺眼：淡淡的眉毛，细长的眼睛，抿起的嘴角挂着一缕倔强。她的双手看起来比脸庞更加沧桑：那是一双整日劳作的手掌。<br /> <br /> The woman came down from the mountain with a load on her shoulder, triggerring one’s sympathy. Although she was wearing a straw hat, her height, less than 1.6 meters, was really small, so the basket on her shoulders seemed particularly heavy. However, a generator seemed to be installed in her body to help her move on. Like a pile of small cannonballs, these bamboo shoots in the basket looked manly. It seemed that they could be shot out of the gun barrel and blowed a hole in the field. Those small green shells one made the basket heavier; the woman carried the basket more faltering. However, the small and thin woman was extremely proud and took every step very steadily. It can be seen that she was very sensitive to safeguarding her dignity. She just walked down step by step - from the rugged mountain road to the village. People who met her were speculating about the weight of the things in the basket - at least more than 100 jin, right? It's about 120 jin, isn't it? Hmm, it should be 130 jin? By 2019, Deng Chunhuo would have reached the age of 50. Although she is not tall with tan skin, she looks very healthy. In her short hair can be found some grey; wrinkles at the corners of her mouth. When she smiles, however, a small dimple on her right cheek keeps her as shy as a girl. Her facial features look very pleasant: light eyebrows, long and thin eyes, and a wisp of stubbornness from the corners of mouth. Her hands look more vicissitudes than her face: working all day.<br /> <br /> It triggered our sympathy when we saw the woman came down from the mountain with a load on her shoulder. Although she wore a straw hat, it was obvious that she was very short, less than 1.6 meters tall, which made the basket seemed even heavy.However, she kept moving on as there was a generator installed in her body. The bamboo seemed like a pile of small cannonballs in the blanket, which could be launched out imposingly to blow a hole in the field. Been placed one by one, these cannonballs made the blanket became heaver and made the woman walked more hobbled in the meantime. While the woman was extremely self-esteem to made each step steadily. It could be seen that she was very sensitive to protecting her dignity. She just walked down step by step, from the rugged mountain road to the village.People met her were all speculated about the weight of the blanket-- it has at least more than 100 pounds? Or about 120 pounds? Well, it should be 130 pounds? By 2019, Deng Chunman has got 50 years old. Although she was short and had a tan skin, she looked very healthy. There were some white adored in her hair, and wrinkles at the corner of her mouth. But the small dimple on her right cheek made her still like a shy girl when she smiled. Her facial features were pleasant: light eyebrows, long and thin eyes and a wisp of stubbornness from the mouth pursed. Her hands looked even more vicissitude than her face. Those were the hands that work all day long.<br /> <br /> ==== 覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====<br /> <br /> 在这个女人的生命里，有3个年份是最为重要的——1995年：女儿出生；2002年：儿子出生；2013年：丈夫去世。出生于贫寒之家的她，在8姐妹中排行老五，只读了小学4年级后便辍学回家。经人介绍，她在26岁时嫁到连樟村，丈夫那时是31岁。“结婚时只有一间屋，一张睡觉的床，一张小桌子。”她叹息着说，“那时候做饭是大灶，烧的是柴。”1999年村里第二轮分田时，她家4口人共分到2亩地。她种了花生和水稻后，一年都忙忙碌碌十分辛劳，然而，却“有的吃，没得卖”——地里的收成能吃饱肚子，但手上却没有余钱。<br /> 日子虽然过得紧巴巴，但两口子还是努力攒钱。最终，在2005年时，他们盖起了一栋楼房——地上铺了瓷砖，客厅里摆上了木质茶几和沙发，卧室里放上了木床和衣柜。盖房子时还借了1万块的外债，但老房子实在太旧，不盖不行。然而，开着拖拉机去拉木头的丈夫翻车后，这座屋子便像是被抽掉了大梁。<br /> <br /> There are three years that are the most important in this woman’s life-- In 1995, her daughter got born; In 2002, her son got born; In 2013, her husband passed away.Grown in poor family, she as the fifth daughter in the house dropped out of school after only 4th grade. And when she was 26 years old she married to the Lianzhang village introduced through others. Her husband was 31 at that time.“ There was just one room, one bed and one desk.” She sighed and said, “ In those days, we cooked with large stove and burned the firewood.”When it came the second round of land sharing in 1999, her family with four people got two acres of land. She planted peanuts and rice in it and got through the year with hurry and hard work. However, the situation could be described as “ having something to eat, nothing to sell”-- Although the harvest in the filed could fill their stomach, it couldn’t let them have some surplus money in their wallets. Though the life was difficult, they still tried hard to save money. Finally, in 2005, they were able to have a new house with tiles on the floor, wooden table and soft sofa in the living room and wooden bed and closet in the bedroom. They also borrowed 10,000 debt when they built the house, because the old one was too shabby that they had to build a new one. But after her husband passed away when he drove a tractor to pull wood, this family lost its backbone.<br /> <br /> correction：<br /> <br /> Three particular years were the most important ones in the woman’s life – In 1995, her daughter got born; In 2002, her son got born; In 2013, her husband passed away. Grown in poor, she as the fifth daughter in her family had dropped out of school after reaching the 4th grade. As she was 26 years old, she introduced to a 31-year-old man in Lianzhang village for marriage. “At that time, there was only one room, one bed and one desk.” She sighed and said, “We cooked with a large stove and burned the firewood.” When it came the second round of land sharing in 1999, her family with four people got two acres of land. She planted peanuts and rice, busy all year around for hard labor work. However, the family could only “feed themselves and have nothing left for selling” – stayed away from hunger though, they saved no money. Life was tough for the couple, but they still worked hard to save money. Finally in 2005, they were able to build a new house with tiles on the floor, wooden table and soft sofa in the living room and wooden bed and closet in the bedroom. They also borrowed 10,000 debts when they built the house, because the old one was too shabby to live. But after her husband passed away when he drove a tractor to pull wood, this family lost its backbone.<br /> <br /> ====卿子晔 Qing Ziye====<br /> <br /> 大山上长着一片又一片的树林。为了砍伐那些木头，人们顺着羊肠小道进入山的内部。那些小道崎岖而颠簸。有时候，道路像铺了红地毯，显得格外友好；有时候，那道路化身为一把闪光的利剑，显得格外狰狞。丈夫并不是没有感受到那利剑的可怕，但他还是迎着锋芒向前走去。然而，山路上到底发生了什么，他来不及向妻子讲述，便永远地闭上了眼睛。当女人看到男人那既可怕又可怜的样子时，感觉一阵剧痛弥漫全身。丈夫的影子在半空中注视着妻子在嚎啕大哭，虽然忧心忡忡但却无能为力。对于别人，这是个茶余饭后的小事；然而对于这个家，这是个历史上的决定性事件。<br /> 此后，矮个子女人便经常跑到山坡上去抹眼泪——她心里的仇怨实在淤积得太多。别人家的砂糖橘，已经卖了不少钱；可她家的树才挂了两年果，就得了黄龙病。没办法，只能把树连根挖掉。挖树的时候，她像在手术台上做手术，但却又没有打麻药，整个身子发烫发抖。她感觉那些被砍断的树枝，就是她的胳膊和大腿。那是可怕的2012年。那个时候的她，认为自己已达到了伤心欲绝的顶点；然而，第二年，她又迎来了更大的灾难！丈夫离去时她哭得昏天黑地，感觉自己被截肢掉胳膊和大腿后，连心脏也整个儿被活生生摘去了。<br /> <br /> There were groves of trees on the mountain. In order to cut down the trees, people winded through the trail into the mountain. The paths were rough and bumpy. Sometimes they were comfortable for walking like laid with a carpet, while sometimes they were difficult for walking like growing bunches of swords on it. Though the husband knew exactly about the horror of the “swords”, but he still walked forward. However, he closed his eyes forever before he could tell his wife what had happened on the mountain road. As the woman saw the terrible and pitiful appearance of her husband, she was covered with great pain. His soul, lifting to the air, watched his wife crying and could not do anything except worrying. His death may just a trivial matter after dinner for others, but for his family it was an earth-shaking event. After that, the short woman often stayed on the hillside, wiping away her tears – she was full all grudge in her mind. When other people’s sugar oranges have already been sold for a lot of money, her orange trees have got the disease of Citrus yellow shoot after bearing fruit for only two years. She had no choice but to cut the trees and dig its roots. During this, she was burning and shaking, like lying on the operating table without anaesthesia. She felt that the falling branches were her arms and thighs. It was 2012, a terrible year for her. She thought she had reached the zenith of heartbreak, however, the next year, she met an even greater disaster! When her husband left, she cried so much as if losing her arms and thighs, she had then lost her heart .<br /> <br /> ==== 仇绪 Qiu Xu====<br /> <br /> 丈夫的肉身虽然已不存在，但他的影子依旧徘徊在屋里。那影子总是舍不得，放不下，总渴望能给家里帮点什么忙。妻子能强烈地感受到那影子的存在，所以，她一点也不敢懈怠，总是忙<br /> 前忙后地干着活。有朝一日，当她的影子和丈夫的影子相遇时，她要对他做一个全面的交代。然而现在，当她一个人撑起这个家时，感觉肩头的担子实在是太重了。现在，每一天的时间都好像特别得长，每一分钱都好像特别难挣。每日凌晨，当她一觉醒来睁开眼睛后，虽然觉得疲惫并没有一丝消退，但还是急忙忙地开始了劳作。<br /> 2014年，女儿考上了广东技术师范学院。然而，这样一件好事却让母亲为了难——到广州读大学，每年的学杂费需要2万多；而儿子在读中学，学费也要1万多。她瘫在床上左思右想，最后，还是挣扎着出了门。她咬着牙借了4万多的外债，为了让孩子们能继续求学。然而，从此，她便成了有债的人。这样的人走路时，影子不像云雀，也不像燕子，而像蜗牛。那蜗牛每往前踱一步，都显得艰涩异常。2015年的某一天，她朝镜子里一望，发现黑发里掺杂上了很多银丝。<br /> <br /> Though her husband passed away, but she can feel that he still lingered in the room and hoped to do some housework for this family. His wife had a strong feeling of his existence, therefore, she spared no efforts on sorting out the family. One day when she met his husband on the other side, she would make a comprehensive conclusion about her contributions on this family. But now, she feels that she shoulders too heavy a burden by herself alone. Now, every day seems to be extended too long for her and every coin seems to be too hard to make. Every morning when she waked up, though being tired out, but she still forced herself to work.In 2014, her daughter has been enrolled into Guangdong Technology and Normal University. However, such a pleasing thing brought difficulties for this family, because she needs to pay 20,000 yuan for tuition, in addition to that, she also needs to pay 10,000 yuan for his son’s tuition in the middle school. She lay on the bed, managing to think out a solution to that, finally she made a resolution to borrow more than 40,000 yuan in order to help them to further their education. Since then, she was burdened with debt and every step she made was like neither the swiftness of lark nor the swallow but more like a snail that struggles to move forward. In 2005, one day she take a look in the mirror, finding that her hair gradually turned grey.<br /> <br /> Though her husband passed away, but she can feel that he still lingered in the room and hoped to do some housework for this family. His wife had a strong feeling of his existence, therefore, she spared no efforts to sort out the family. One day in the future when she meets his husband on the other side, she could make a comprehensive conclusion about her contributions to this family. But now, she feels that she shoulders too heavy a burden by herself alone. Now, every day seems to be extended too long for her and every coin seems to be too hard to earn. Every morning when she waked up, though being tired out, but she still forced herself to work. In 2014, her daughter was enrolled into Guangdong Technology and Normal University. However, such a pleasing thing brought difficulties for this family, because she needed to pay 20,000 yuan for tuition and fees, in addition to that, she also needed to pay 10,000 yuan for her son’s tuition in the middle school. She lay on the bed, managing to think out a solution, finally she made a resolution of borrowing more than 40,000 yuan in order to help them to further their education. Since then, she was burdened with debts and every step she made was like neither the swiftness of lark nor the swallow but more like a snail that struggled to move forward. In 2005, one day she took a look in the mirror, finding that her hair gradually turned grey.<br /> <br /> ==== 全永慧 Quan Yonghui====<br /> <br /> 她的日子是从2016年开始变好的——这一年，国家的精准扶贫政策开始实施。到2018年时，她甚至有了底气，勇敢地承包了10亩山地——原来，是扶贫干部们给了她“支持”。“好啊！好啊！”看着那一捆捆小树苗和一袋袋鼓囊囊的化肥，她笑得合不拢嘴，右侧脸颊上的酒窝也变得更深了。在要不要“承包山地”这件事上，她一直犹豫不决——树苗和化肥的投入至少要1万块，而她是个女人，要单独养家，每一分钱的投入都要谨慎再谨慎！现在，有了这些“支持”，她变得笃定起来。在承包合同上签字时，她的手并没有颤抖。“这一包，就是25年啊！”她的眼睛陡然间变得明亮起来，像手电筒换上了新电池。<br /> <br /> Her life has taken a turn for the better since 2016 - the year when the targeted poverty alleviation policy began to be implemented throughout the country. By 2018, she even had the courage and power to contract 10 mu of mountain land -her confidence derived from the &quot;supports&quot; given by poverty-alleviation cadres. &quot;Good! good!&quot; Looking at the bundles of saplings and bags of fertilizers, she smiled from ear to ear with the dimple on her right cheek even deeper. In the first place as regards whether to &quot;contract mountain land&quot;, she has always been hesitant about it -the money in investments of seedlings and fertilizers was at least 10,000 yuan. Besides as a mother, she has to support the family on her own, so every penny should be invested cautiously! However, with the supporting policies she felt secure when doing it. When she signed the contract, her hands did not shake. &quot;This is a 25-year contract!&quot; Her eyes flashed with delight and hope, like a flashlight glowing with new batteries.<br /> <br /> Her life has taken a turn for the better since 2016 - the year when the targeted poverty alleviation policy was introduced throughout the country. By 2018, she even had the courage and confidence to contract 10 mu of mountain land thanks to the &quot;supports&quot; given by poverty-alleviation cadres. &quot;Good! good!&quot; Looking at the bundles of saplings and bags of fertilizers, she smiled from ear to ear with the dimple on her right cheek even deeper. In the first place as regards whether to &quot;contract mountain land&quot;, she has always been hesitant about it -the money in investments of seedlings and fertilizers was at least 10,000 yuan. Besides as a mother, she has to support the family on her own, so every penny should be invested cautiously! However, with the supporting policies she felt secure when doing it. When she signed the contract, her hands did not shake. &quot;This is a 25-year contract!&quot; Her eyes flashed with delight and hope, like a flashlight glowing with new batteries.<br /> <br /> ==== 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====<br /> <br /> 麻竹笋的收获期在每年的6月到9月间，而这段时间，也是她最繁忙的时间。“一有时间我就去山上拔草和砍笋，一有时间我就去。”砍笋是个辛苦活——单是走进山里，便需要半个多小时；而将那些又长又重的大炮弹砍下来，装在筐子里担回来，便既需要体力，又需要耐心。每一颗麻竹笋都差不多有2米高，叶片宽阔而肥大，在风中刷啦啦地响。整个夏天，这些笋子都在生长着，一刻也不停歇。在砍笋时，她能闻到一股混合着青草、溪水和泥土的香味。2019年，她的笋卖了2400元，但她并不灰心——到2020年，笋的收入至少在1万元以上。她扳着指头算了一笔细账——2018年时，一斤笋的价格是4.5角；2019年，已涨到了9角，那么2020年呢？她的嘴角弯成了月亮。<br /> <br /> This is her busiest time of year, as the harvest season for mahogany shoots is between June and September. “As soon as I can, I go to the mountains to pick weeds and harvest bamboo shoots”. It takes more than half an hour merely to go into the mountains, and cutting down those long, hefty shoots and lugging them back in baskets requires both physical strength and patience. Each bamboo stem is about 2 meters tall and has broad, plump leaves that rustle in the breeze. The shoots grow continuously throughout the entire summer. As she cut down the shoots, she could smell a mixture of grass, stream and earth. In 2019, she earned 2,400 yuan from the sale of her shoots, but she is not discouraged: by 2020, the shoots will produce at least 10,000 yuan. She fingered a small account in detail: in 2018, a pound of bamboo shoots cost 45 cents; in 2019, the price had grown to 90 cents; therefore, what would the price be in 2020? Her lips curved into the shape of the moon.<br /> <br /> ==== 疏珊 Shu Shan====<br /> <br /> 2019年时，当扶贫干部介绍她到村委会工作时，她爽快地答应了。每个月有2600元的收入，虽然听着很不错，但干起来也不轻松——每天早晨6点上班，给20多个人准备早饭。上午时，要把两层半的房间全部打扫干净。午饭和晚饭是重头戏，要荤素搭配，有菜有汤。午饭后她会步行回家，稍作休息；之后，再返回来做晚饭。等将全部碗筷都收拾完毕后，天色早已浓黑。等她回到家洗洗涮涮后，便倒头就睡。她常常一夜无梦到天明，睁眼后又即刻出门去干活。<br /> When poverty alleviation cadres introduced her to work in the village committee back in 2019, she agreed right away. An income of 2,600 yuan a month sounded great, but the job wasn't easy. Because she needs to work at 6 o’clock every morning and prepare breakfast for more than 20 people. All the rooms on the near two and a half floors have to be cleaned in the morning. Lunch and dinner are the hardest part for they require a balance of meat and vegetables, and soup. After lunch she walks home for a short rest and then comes back to make dinner. By the time all the dishes were cleaned up, it would be dark outside. The moment she got home and washed up, she fell asleep. She often sleeps through the night without a dream. When she wakes up, she goes back to work right away. <br /> <br /> Introduced a work in the village committee by a poverty alleviation cadre, she agreed right away back in 2019. In spite of good monthly salary worth of 2,600 yuan, the job wasn’t easy. Specifically, she needed to work at 6 o’clock every morning, cooking breakfast for more than 20 people. All the rooms on the near two and a half floors had to be cleaned before noon. Lunch and dinner were the hardest part for they required a balance of meat, vegetables, and soup. After lunch she walked home for a short rest and then came back to make dinner. By the time all the dishes were cleaned up, it would be dark outside. The moment she got home and washed up, she was exhausted to fall asleep immediately. She often slept through the night without a dream. Another same day began when she woke up.<br /> <br /> 做饭是她的看家本领，她早已练得十分熟稔，可是，在家里做饭，不需要卡着时间点，而在村委会做饭，则要有时间意识。一进厨房，戴上围裙和袖套，这个女人即刻变成了这间屋子的女王。所有的锅碗瓢盆、煤气灶电饭煲，都成了她的士兵。她先在脑子里勾勒出一张作战图，继而便手脚勤快地实施了起来——先用电饭煲把米饭煮上，再将青菜切成块，泡在红色水桶中；又用力剁鸡，将鸡块用盐和花椒腌上；再切姜和剁葱，准备烧菜时使用。<br /> She is adept at cooking after many practices. She doesn't need to keep track of time at home, but needs to be on time in the village committee. Once in the kitchen, with apron and sleeves on, this woman instantly becomes the queen of the room. All the pots and pans, the gas stove and rice cooker, become her soldiers. She sketches out a battle plan in her head and then implements it diligently: cooks the rice first; cuts the vegetables into cubes and soak them in a red bucket; cuts the chicken hard and marinates the pieces in salt and pepper; then prepare the minced ginger and spring onions for cooking.<br /> <br /> She was skillful at cooking after many practices. However, the difference lied between cooking at home and at the village committee was that she didn’t need to serve meals on time at home while she had to be in a rush at village committee. Once in the kitchen, with apron and sleeves on, this woman instantly became the queen of the room. All the pots and pans, the gas stove and rice cooker, become her soldiers. She sketched out a battle plan in her head and then implemented it diligently: cooking rice first, cutting vegetables into cubes and soaking them in a red bucket; cutting the chicken hard and marinating the pieces in salt and pepper; then preparing the minced ginger and springing onions for cooking.<br /> <br /> ==== 王芳玲 Wang Fangling====<br /> <br /> 厨房是一个让她忘记伤痛的地方，也是一个让她感觉自己有用的地方。出现在厨房里的那些大米、黄豆、花生和鸡鸭，都是她非常熟悉的食材。当她的指尖抚摸过那些东西时，她将自己无限的深情也传递了出去。她爱这些东西——这是一种最纯粹的人类的同情心；而那些食材，也坦然地接受了她的爱意。最终，它们变成了热气腾腾的佳肴，完成了自己的蝶变。<br /> 离开厨房的时候，她总觉得自己活得很艰难，然而，一旦进入到这个空间后，她又觉得比自己更艰难的，是手下的这些植物和动物。当丈夫离开的那个瞬刻，她以为自己完全丧失了热爱的能力。然而，当她进入到厨房后，脑袋里会自动编排出葱、姜、蒜、大米和鸡肉的位置，于是，她知道自己的热爱能力又回来了。最重要的一点是——厨房里有火！那火光让她感受到活着是那样得温暖。这温暖让她的思路不会总徘徊在黑暗而寒冷的区域——她曾在那里挣扎了很久。当丈夫离世后，她觉得自己像陷入了沼泽地，一直在苦苦地挣扎着。<br /> <br /> The kitchen is a spot where she forgets her pain and finds her own value. The ingredients at kitchen such as rice, soybeans, peanuts, chicken and duck are all things she is very familiar with. She conveyed her infinite affection when touching those things with her fingertips. She loves these things—this is the purest human sympathy; and those ingredients also accept her love frankly. They completed their transformation, ending up being steaming delicacies. She always felt life difficult when she was not at the kitchen. However, once she entered the space, she felt that it was the plants and animals at kitchen that were more difficult than herself. The moment her husband left, she thought she had completely lost the ability to love. However, when she entered the kitchen, she would automatically arrange the positions of onion, ginger, garlic, rice and chicken, which made her knew that she had her love ability back. And most importantly - there is a fire in the kitchen! The firelight made her feel so warm to be alive. This warmth prevented her thoughts from always wandering in the dark and cold area—she had struggled there for a long time. When her husband passed away, she felt like she was stuck in a swamp, struggling all the time.<br /> <br /> ==== 王纪龙 Wang Jilong====<br /> <br /> 那段时间，她的目光变得呆滞，手脚变得僵硬，整个灵魂像是脱离开肉体已从窗户里飞出去。然而，绝望、悲哀和痛苦并没有压倒她，她还是挺了过来。当她来到了厨房——这个有火光的地方——重新进入到母亲的角色中时，她变得有了自信。<br /> 随着时间的推移，她体会到了一种忙碌中的快乐。在这种快乐中，她的日子过得比往常要更加充实。在经历了黄龙病和车祸后，她以为自己根本没法活过下去，可谁能想到，峰回路转，日子会变成今天这般模样。现在，她容光焕发，神采奕奕，像一朵盛开的鲜花。2018年，女儿大学毕业后，在广州的一家贸易公司工作，每个月有5000多的薪水。在女儿的帮助下，她已彻底还清外债且略有盈余。一切都变得美好起来。她用力地挥舞着锅铲，嘴角挂着微笑。<br /> <br /> During that time, her eyes became dull, her hands and feet turned stiff, and her whole soul seemed out of the body and flew out of the window. However, despair, sadness and pain did not overwhelm her, and she pulled through it. When she came to the kitchen - the place with fire - and rededicated herself to the role of mother, she turned out to be confident. As time went on, she realized a kind of happiness in her busy life. In this kind of happiness, her life is more substantial than ever. After going through Huanglong disease and car accident, she thought that she could not survive at all, but unexpectedly that dark clouds have silver linings and life turned into what it is today. Now, she is radiant and energetic, like a blooming flower. In 2018, after her daughter graduated from college, she worked in a trading company in Guangzhou with a salary of more than 5000 per month. With her daughter's help, she completely paid off her debts and had a little savings. Everything became better. She waved the spatula vigorously and smiled.<br /> <br /> During that time, her eyes became dull, her arms and legs stiffened, and her whole soul felt like it had broken away from her body and flown out of the window. However, despair, sorrow and pain did not overwhelm her, and she pulled through. As she made her way to the kitchen - a place where there was a fire - and re-entered her role as a mother, she became confident. As time went on, she experienced a joy in the midst of her busyness. In this joy, her days were more fulfilling than usual. After experiencing Huanglong's disease and the car accident, she thought she would never survive, but who would have thought that her life would turn around and become what it is today. Now she is radiant and glowing, like a flower in full bloom, and in 2018, after graduating from university, her daughter is working for a trading company in Guangzhou, earning a salary of over 5,000 a month. With the help of her daughter, she has completely paid off her external debts and has a small surplus. Everything was looking up. She waved her spatula hard, a smile on her lips.<br /> <br /> == Part 15 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 汪世博 Wang Shibo ====<br /> 糍粑<br /> <br /> 做糍粑很费周折——先把大米和糯米洗净，在水里浸泡10个小时以上，再装入大碗后蒸15分钟；将热米倒入厚底锅中，用擀面杖使劲捣，捣到看不见米粒为止（或放在石槽里用石锤捣）；让捣好的糯米团滚上花生、芝麻和白糖混合的蘸料即可。做糍粑是个体力活——熟糯米一定要捣到看不见米粒才更粘糯。花生和芝麻也要打得碎一点才好吃。<br /> 那一次，陆永门看到爷爷把一碗糍粑偷偷递给堂孙后，这个18岁的女生便很不高兴。当她嘀咕着“爸妈在地里干活，还没吃到糍粑”时，爷爷威严的脸庞上堆起了乌云。当他瞪起双眼，将两道剑一般的目光射向女孩时，听到对方发出一声锐利的尖叫。那目光实在太过凌厉，以致让那女孩的身心都被分离开。“我疯了！”<br /> <br /> Mochi (Rice patties)<br /> <br /> To make mochi is tricky - first wash the rice and glutinous rice, soak them in water for 10 hours or more, then fill a large bowl and steam for 15 minutes; pour the hot rice into a thick-bottomed pot and pound it hard with a rolling pin until no grains are visible (or put it in a stone trough and pound it with a stone hammer); let the pounded glutinous rice ball be rolled in a mixture of peanuts, sesame and sugar for dipping The dough is then rolled in a mixture of peanuts, sesame seeds and sugar for dipping. Making mochi is a physical task - the cooked rice must be pounded until the grains are invisible to make it sticky. The peanuts and sesame seeds must also be pounded to make them tasty. On one occasion, the 18-year-old girl was upset when Lu Yongmen saw her grandfather sneak a bowl of mochi to his cousin. When she muttered, &quot;Mum and dad are working in the fields and haven't had any mochi yet&quot;, a dark cloud piled up on her grandfather's majestic face. A sharp scream was heard as he glared up at the girl with two sword-like glances. The gaze was so overpowering that it split the girl's mind and body. &quot;I'm mad!&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== 王雅姝 Wang Yashu====<br /> <br /> 当你看着那个已不再是女孩的女人时，惊讶于那种腔调中的欢快，那里几乎没有一丝愁绪——“我疯了”。一碗糍粑就这样改变了她的命运。现在，作为中年妇女和有着长期疾病史的她，在回忆自己的前半生时，将注意力定格在那碗糍粑上！在陆永门看来，糍粑不仅仅是熟米碾碎后，蘸上花生、芝麻和白糖的一种糕点，糍粑的味道也不仅仅是香、甜、粘、糯。不！糍粑是简朴生活里最美味的调剂品，它的味道像火焰一般绚丽。咀嚼糍粑时，心里会升腾起一股难言的快感，而那种绵软香甜的味道，会反复地出现在她的脑海中。<br /> 你难以想象，当18岁的陆永门在“疯了”之后，会经常想起“糍粑”这个词！怨就怨那糍粑实在太美味，而那种味道又在她的记忆里太过深刻。当某种感受超越了某个临界点后，它便像河水漫溢过堤坝，一切都变得肆意汪洋起来。于是，她说，“我疯了”。<br /> <br /> Looking at the woman who is no longer a girl, you are amazed by the cheerfulness carried in her tone:<br /> &quot;I'm insane.&quot; There isn't a hint of sorrowful feelings. Her fate was thereafter changed by a bowl of ciba. Now, as a middle-aged woman with a long history of disease, the first thing Lu Yongmen could remember about her first half of life is that bowl of ciba. To her, ciba is more than a kind of cake made of glutinous rice after being steammed and pounded, sprinkled with ground peanut, sesame and white sugar; and its flavour is not just tasty, sticky, sweet or soft. No! Ciba is the most delicious addition to her simple life, and its flavour is as vivid as the burning flame. Each time Lu chews it, a tide of unspeakable pleasure will be welling up inside her body, and that kind of soft, sweet taste repeatedly flashes through her mind. It's hard to imagine Lu would often recall the word &quot;ciba&quot; after being mentally ill at the age of 18. We can only ascribe it to the good savour of ciba and the deep impression the taste left in her memory. When a certain feeling becomes so strong that it exceeds a certain point, just like a river flooding it banks, then it would be too much to bear. Therefore, she spoke out: &quot;I'm insane.&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== 王植碧 Wang Zhibi====<br /> <br /> 整个世界就这样崩溃了。原本，人们以为只有在遇到特殊情况下，人才会发疯——被闪电或春雷击中——怎么可能会是一碗糍粑？那女孩疯了后会胡言乱语，张嘴骂人，浑身打摆子，喘着粗气。她像是被另一个人附了体，浑身都充满了破坏的能量。她本来是个健壮而美丽的女子，然而一瞬间，她变成了一个有手有脚的母兽。整个夜晚，她都瞪着闪闪发光的眼睛难以入睡。她在等待什么呢？谁也不清楚。然而，她就那样瞪着眼睛，一个小时一个小时地等待着。她的头脑混乱至极，神志模糊，虽疲惫不堪，但却无法陷入睡眠。那时候，她的嘴唇一次次咀嚼着一个词——糍粑！糍粑！糍粑！<br /> <br /> Their worldview got a great shock. They thought that one would go crazy rarely under certain circumstances before, for example, hitting by lighting or thunder. How it can be a bowl of Ciba (glutinous rice cake)? After that girl lost her mind, she would breathe deeply to rave and scold others with a tremulous body, as if she was controlled by others and filled with destructive energy. She was supposed to be a strong and beautiful woman. However, at the moment, she was like a monster with arms and legs. All night, she stared at her shining eyes and couldn't sleep. What was she waiting for? Nobody known. But, she still stared her eyes hour by hour with a mess in her brain. Though she was tires, she unable to fall asleep. At that time, her lips whispered a word again and again - Ciba! Ciba! Ciba!<br /> <br /> Their worldview got a great shock. They thought that one would go crazy rarely under certain circumstances before, for example, being hit by lightning or spring thunder. How can it be a bowl of Ciba (glutinous rice cake)? After the girl lost her mind, she would talk nonsense, and scold others with a tremulous body and heavy pants as if she was controlled by another person and full of destructive energy. She was supposed to be a strong and beautiful girl. However, for a moment, she turned out a female monster with arms and legs. All night, she stared with her sparkling eyes and couldn't fall asleep. What was she waiting for? Nobody knew. However, staring her eyes, she still waited hour by hour. Being utterly confused and unconscious, she was unable to fall asleep though she was exhausted. At that time, her lips whispered a word again and again - Ciba! Ciba! Ciba! (Wang Zhiling)<br /> <br /> ==== 王智灵 Wang Zhiling====<br /> 欢乐<br /> <br /> 那一天，陆永门正在山上砍麻竹笋。突然，她的手一抖，虎口出了血。这意外让她心里一紧，觉得要出什么事，而且，这件事一定和钱有关——手都出血了啊！果然，一回家，她就看到了那副可恶的画面：十一只鸭子摆放在门口，模样整整齐齐，但却都直挺挺的。鸭子是被她家的狗咬死的，所以鸭子的主人们就把冤屈发泄在了她家门口。邻居们毫不客气——说一只鸭子要赔一百元。他们还用手机拍了照，说不赔钱就让村委会的人来处理。她听了浑身发抖——市场上买只活鸭也不过50元啊！可是没办法，谁让咱家的狗不争气。赔！她拿出了11张100元的票子后，便把狗拴了起来。<br /> <br /> Mirth<br /> <br /> On that day, Lu Yongmen was chopping bamboo shoots on the mountain. Suddenly, her hand shook and her first web space bled. This accident made her nervous and she felt that something bad was going to happen, and it must have something to do with money because her hand was bleeding! As expected, as soon as she came back home, she saw the abominable scene. Eleven ducks were placed at the door, all neat but upright. Those ducks were bit to death by her dog, so those ducks’ owners vented their grievances at her door. Her neighbors, who were unceremonious-claimed compensation of one hundred yuan for each duck. They even took photos with phones and said that if she refuse to compensate, they would ask the cadres of the village committee to handle it. She trembled all over after hearing what they had said- it’s only 50 yuan to buy a live duck in the market! However, she has no other way. After all, it’s her dog that bit their ducks to death. “Compensate!” After she had taken out eleven hundred-yuan notes, she tied the dog up.<br /> <br /> Joy<br /> <br /> On that day, Lu Yongmen was chopping bamboo shoots on the mountain. Suddenly, her hand shook and the web between her thumb and index finger bled. This accident made her nervous and she felt that something bad was going to happen, and it must have something to do with money--her hand was bleeding! Sure enough, as soon as she came back home, she saw the abominable scene: Eleven ducks were placed at the door, all neat and tidy. The ducks had been killed by her dog, so the ducks’ owners were venting their grievances at her door. Her neighbors, who were unceremonious-claimed compensation of one hundred yuan for each duck. They even took photos with their phones and said that if she refused to compensate, they would ask the cadres of the village committee to do something about it. She trembled all over after hearing what they had said--it’s only 50 yuan to buy a live duck in the market! However, she had no other choice. After all, it was her dog that killed their ducks. “Compensate!” After she had taken out eleven 100-hundred RMB bills, she tied the dog up. -BW<br /> <br /> ==== Wellsand, Benjamin====<br /> <br /> 她的心里十分难受——她难受的不仅仅是11张100元，还有那些风凉话。知道她拿到了低保金后，有些邻居便很不舒服，开始说起闲言碎语来——“他家风一吹钱就有了”“他家进医院不害怕的”。 陆永门直着嗓门喊：“他们不知道进医院的滋味，其实并不好受啊。”她家被评为低保户后，一个人一个月能补助251元。她和丈夫的残疾补助有770元，孩子上学一年可获得生活补助3000元。现在，她家的日子不再紧巴巴，甚至还有了点小存款。<br /> 40岁出头的她脸色发黑，肚腩凸起，腿粗手肿。她穿着件灰色的短袖T恤衫，深蓝色的长裤，粉红拖鞋。她有着一头浓密的黑色短发，总是一说一笑，很是快活的模样。虽然她说话的声音很洪亮，但说上两句就有些气喘，因为她的身体是虚的。然而，她更重要的问题不在肉体上，而在精神上。<br /> <br /> She felt extremely uncomfortable--not only because of the eleven 100 RMB bills, but also those sarcastic remarks. Her neighbors felt uncomfortable and began to gossip, knowing that she had received her welfare check--&quot;His family has month as the wind blows&quot; and &quot;His family isn't afraid to visit the hospital.&quot; Lu Yongmen frankly straightforwardly shouted, &quot;They don't know what it's like to enter a hospital, it's not good!&quot; After her family was designated a low-income household, each person could receive a 251 RMB subsidy per month. The disability subsidy amount for her and her husband is 770 RMB, and the education subsidies for her children are 3,000 RMB per year. Now her family's money is no longer tight, and she even has a little savings. In her early forties, she has a dark-skinned face, a big stomach, thick legs, and swollen hands. She had a gray T-shirt, dark blue jeans, and pink slippers. She has short, thick black hair, and always talks then smiles--very happy. Although speaking loudly, she was out of breath after two sentences, because her body was weak. However, her biggest issue was not physical, but spiritual. -BW<br /> <br /> She was in extreme sorrow -- not only for the eleven 100 RMB bills, but also for the sarcastic remarks. Some of the neighbors were jealous when they learned that she had received the allowance, and began gossiping – “His family is rich as soon as the wind blows.” “They are not afraid of going into the hospital.” Lu Yongmen shouted, “They have no idea what it's like to be in a hospital. It's not easy.”After her family was classified as low-income family, one person can receive 251 yuan a month in terms of subsidies. They also receive 770 yuan subsidy for her and her husband’s disabilities and 3,000 yuan a year for their children's schooling. Now, her family is no longer in short of money and even has a little bit of savings. In her early 40s, she had a dark face, a bulging belly, thick legs and swollen hands. She was wearing a grey short-sleeved T-shirt, dark blue trousers and pink slippers. She had short, dense black hair and was always smiling and cheerful. Although she spoke in a resonant voice, she would pant after a few sentences, for her body was weak. However, the bigger problem for her was not physical, but spiritual. -Wu Bohan<br /> <br /> ==== 吴博涵 Wu Bohan====<br /> <br /> 她洪亮地宣布着这个结论——“我有精神病！”医生的诊断更为专业——“精神分裂”。她会突然间倒地，丧失意识，继而伴有痉挛和尖叫，以致面色铁青，口吐白沫，瞳孔散大，浑身抽搐。医生说“这种病的发作没有规律，但要在生活中特别留意，千万不要诱发它。”如果感冒发热，或吃了刺激性及热性的食物后，会让身体不舒适，会引发病情的爆发。医生告诫她不能吃牛肉和羊肉，也不能吃辛辣的东西。<br /> <br /> She announced the conclusion in a booming voice – “I’m insane!” The doctor gave a more professional diagnosis – “schizophrenia.” When the disease attacks, she would suddenly fall on the ground and become unconscious, convulsing and screaming until her face was livid, and her mouth would foam, her pupils would dilate and her body would convulse. The doctor said, “The attack of this disease is irregular, but you should pay special attention to it in life, do not induce it.” If she catches a cold and gets fever, or eats irritating and hot food, these will all make her body uncomfortable, thus causing the outbreak of disease. The doctor warned her not to eat beef or mutton, or any spicy food. <br /> <br /> She announced the conclusion loudly – “I’m insane!” The doctor gave a more professional diagnosis – “schizophrenia”. When the disease attacked, she would suddenly fall on the ground and become unconscious, cramping and screaming until her face was livid, her mouth foam, her pupils dilate and her body convulse. The doctor said, “The attack of this disease is irregular, but you should pay special attention to it in life, do not induce it.” If she had a cold and fever, or ate irritating and hot food, it would make the body uncomfortable and trigger an outbreak of the disease. The doctor warned her not to eat beef or mutton, or anything spicy. <br /> <br /> 20岁时，她到深圳去打工，在罗湖区的一户人家里当保姆。那个时候，她以为吃了药后病情就会被控制住。然而，不到一个月，不知是因为吃了什么不好的东西，再次诱使她的病情发作。从深圳返回村里，她又去医院看病。在吃了一个多月的药后，才算控制住。<br /> <br /> When she was 20, she went to Shenzhen to work as a nanny for a family in Luohu District. At that time, she thought the medicine would put her illness under control. However, it was within a month that she ate something bad that triggered the disease again. Returning from Shenzhen, she went to the hospital again. It took more than a month to get it under control with the help of medicine. <br /> <br /> At the age of 20, she went to Shenzhen to work as a nanny for a family in Luohu District. At that time, she thought the medicine would put her disease under control. However, it was within a month that she ate something bad that triggered the disease again. Returning from Shenzhen, she went to the hospital again. It took more than a month to get it under control with the help of medicine.<br /> <br /> 之后，家人不让她出门打工，而只是放牛。第一次结婚时，她22岁。第二年，她生下了儿子。但是，在她29岁时，丈夫因失足落水而去世。当一年，那男人才41岁。<br /> <br /> After that, her family did not let her go out to work, but only allowed her to herd the cattle instead. She was 22 when she married for the first time. She gave birth to her son in the following year. But when she was 29, her husband fell overboard and died at the age of just 41.<br /> <br /> After that, her family did not let her go out to work, but only herd the cattle instead. She got first married at 22 and gave birth to her son in the following year. But when she was 29, her husband fell into water and died at the age of just 41.<br /> <br /> ==== 伍超穎 Wu Chaoying ====<br /> <br /> 第二次结婚时，她嫁给了邓新建。当别人给她介绍这个男人时，她并没有嫌弃对方的耳朵是聋的。“是我追他的！”她乐呵呵地这样宣布。这是个体体面面的男人，身量适中，体格健壮，头发浓黑，五官端正，嘴唇上有一抹淡淡的胡须。他穿着件黄色的短袖T恤衫和蓝色牛仔裤，显得相当潇洒。然而，他家的条件很是一般——虽然也有山地，但却没什么存款，所以找老婆很困难。她不嫌弃他，反而觉得这个男人心肠软，是个好人。她在和你讲话的时候，丈夫就坐在旁边安静地凝视着——他完全信任她。显然，再婚后的她对日子相当满意。第二年，她生下了女儿。到2019年时，女儿已是12岁的小学六年级学生。她慨叹女儿“读书一般”，说孩子“总是为怎么样做作业而发愁”“她英语还不错，可数学不太好”。现在，她的大儿子已20岁出头，在外面打工，给别人安装防盗门。<br /> <br /> On her second marriage, she married Deng Xinjian. When the man was introduced to her, she didn't mind his deaf ears. &quot;I chased him!&quot; she announced cheerfully. He was a decent and well-built man of moderate size, with thick black hair, good features and light beard on his lips. He looked quite handsome in a yellow short-sleeved T-shirt and blue jeans. However, the condition of his family was ordinary - although he owned farmland, he had no savings, causing troubles for finding a wife. She did not despise him and regarded him as a soft-hearted and kind person. While she was talking to you, her husband sat next to her and looked quietly - he fully trusted her. Apparently, after remarriage, she was quite satisfied with her life. The following year, she gave birth to her daughter. By 2019, her daughter was a 12-year-old sixth-grader. She complained that her daughter was &quot;average in reading&quot;, &quot;who always worries about how to do her homework&quot;, and &quot;her English is not bad, but math is not very good&quot;, and other things liked that. Now, her eldest son is in his early 20s, who installs security doors for others as his job.<br /> <br /> ==== 吴敏 Wu Min====<br /> <br /> 2018年，她砍树挣了1万多元，砍笋又挣了2700元。2019年，她的日子虽然也能过得去，但还谈不上富裕。夏天时，家里买了床薄被子，她和丈夫便争着盖——“哎呀，只有一床哦！”丈夫原本就耳聋，可是在2014年时，他还出了一次交通事故——被摩托车撞到半空又跌落了下来。拉到英德医院去抢救时，整个面部都扭曲了，鼻孔裂开，胃也穿了孔。虽然对方赔了4000元，但他们自己也掏不少医药费。她家有8分地，骑摩托车半小时便可到达。以前地里种的是红薯，现在种的是水稻。她得意地说：“我在10月底之前就已经收割完稻子了，我怕下大雨后收不了。”现在，她的身体依旧不好，经常会失眠。有时，她从晚上11点到早上5点都睡不着。到了5点半，丈夫叫她起床，说准备下地了，可她其实只睡了半个小时。因为吃药多，她的手和脚都发肿，有时浑身还会发痒。她的老公除了耳聋外，还有心脏病和胃病。<br /> <br /> In 2018, she earned more than 10,000 yuan by cutting down trees and another 2,700 yuan from cutting down bamboo shoots. Next year, although she found her life moderately tolerable, she were by no means rich. In the summer, when the family bought a thin quilt, she and her husband fought to use it - &quot;Oops, That’s the only bed quilt !&quot; Her husband was already deaf, while he had a traffic accident in 2014- he was hit by a motorbike and fell from midair. When he was taken to Yingde Hospital for emergency medical treatment, his entire face was distorted, his nostrils were split and his stomach was perforated. Although the perpetrator paid 4,000 yuan in compensation, they also paid a lot of medical bills by themselves .<br /> Her family has 0.8 mu of land, which can be reached in half an hour by motorbike. The land used to be planted with sweet potatoes, but now it is planted with rice. She says proudly: &quot;I have finished harvesting the rice by the end of October, because I was afraid I wouldn't be able to harvest it after the heavy rain.&quot; Now, she is still in poor health and often suffers from insomnia. Sometimes, she can't fall asleep from 11pm to 5am. By 5.30 am, her husband wakes her up and says she can prepare to go to the field, but she has actually only slept for half an hour. She has taken so many medicines that her hands and feet are swollen and sometimes itches all over. In addition to deafness, her husband has heart disease and stomach illness.<br /> <br /> ==== 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli ====<br /> <br /> 她兴致勃勃地邀你去参观她父母的房子——“就在旁边哦！”那是一栋砖房，刷了白颜色，钢筋铁门上挂着“家和万事兴”的小牌匾。推门而入，客厅的地面上抹了水泥，墙上刷了石灰，但墙皮的颜色有些发黄。卧室里挂着白色蚊帐，钢管上掉挂着各类衣服。厨房里的灶台很大，有三眼火。侧旁的木桌上，有一个煤气灶。客厅里摆放着木沙发、木茶几、电视和冰箱。显然，这是连樟村里，最普通最常态的居家模样。<br /> 她兴致勃勃地带你去参观她出生时的房子。那是一栋泥土屋。在虚掩的木门两侧，贴着红底黑字的对联；门旁是一堆整整齐齐的木柴。推门而入，你即刻被昏暗所包围，感觉屋里的一切都是黑乎乎的。她说除了奶奶在这里做饭外，现在这老屋已废弃不用了。那个灶房显得相当逼仄，而那个小灶台里居然还烧着柴。红黄的光芒泄漏了出来，让这个洞黑的空间有了一星亮光。<br /> 她的奶奶已经96岁了！她正在做饭！你简直被惊呆了，整个人都僵硬成了雕塑。<br /> <br /> She enthusiastically invites you to visit her parents' house. &quot;It's right next to it!&quot; It was a whitewashed brick house with a small plaque on the steel door that read &quot;Home and Everything prosper.&quot; Push the door into the living room, the ground with cement, the wall brush lime, but the color of the wall skin is a little yellow. A white mosquito net hung in the bedroom, and clothes hung from a steel pipe. The kitchen had a big stove with a three-eyed fire. There is a gas stove on a wooden table beside it. The living room has a wooden sofa, a wooden coffee table, a TV and a refrigerator. Obviously, this is Lianzhang Village, the most common and normal home appearance. She cheerfully shows you the house where she was born. It was a mud house. On either side of the closed wooden door were couplets in black letters on a red background; There was a neat pile of firewood by the door. Push the door in, you are immediately surrounded by darkness, feel everything in the room is black. She said the old house was now abandoned, except for Grandma cooking here. The stove was rather cramped, and there was wood burning on the small stove. The red and yellow glow leaks out, giving the space a single star of light. Her 96-year-old grandmother is cooking! You were so stunned that you froze into a statue.<br /> <br /> She enthusiastically invites you to visit her parents' house. It’s right near here. It is a whitewashed brick house with a small plaque on the steel-framed iron door which read &quot;Harmony at home brings prosperity.&quot; Push the door and step in, you will find their living room has cement floor and the wall is limed, but the wall skin is yellowish tinged. There is a white mosquito set in the bed room and various clothes are hung from a steel pipe. The hearth in their kitchen is so great and has three fire holes. Beside the wooden table sits a gas stove. The living room are equipped with a wooden sofa, a wooden coffee table, a TV and a refrigerator. Obviously, in Lianzhang Village, this is what the most common and normal home like. She cheerfully shows you around the house where she was born. It is a mud-brick house. On either side of the closed wooden door are couplets written in black on a red background. By the door piles a neat bundle of firewood. Open the door and enter, you will be drowned in darkness, feeling everything in the room is black. She said the old house was now abandoned except for Grandma cooking here. The stove is so cramped that in the small stove there should be firewood burning. The reddish yellow glow leaks out, giving the space a single beam of light. Her 96-year-old grandmother is cooking! You are ossified into a statue.<br /> <br /> ==== 席书涵 Xi Shuhan====<br /> <br /> 那个老奶奶试图将搪瓷缸坐进电饭煲里。她走路时整个身子都颤颤巍巍的，像是即刻就要摔倒，然而，她又将自己稳住，还娴熟地将电饭煲的盖子扣好，又转动按钮设置了时间。你看见塑料盆里泡着大米，发黑的毛巾吊挂在铁丝上，墙壁黝黑得像涂了墨汁。你惊讶地发现自己的眼睛正在逐渐适应暗黑，居然看到了木柜上放着的是酱油瓶和醋瓶，而木棍上吊挂着长长短短、厚厚薄薄的衣服。老奶奶的头发已全部花白，牙齿稀疏，眉毛清淡，额头和脸颊上有大片的老人斑。她套着件灰紫色的长袖衬衣，深蓝色的长裤，赤脚踩着双湖蓝色的拖鞋。她走路时是扶着拐杖的。这么大的年纪还要自己做饭——你的心里涌起一股心酸的涟漪。更让你惊诧的是，这样一间灶房里，居然还有水龙头，还能使用到自来水！<br /> <br /> The old granny is trying to put the enamel pot in the electric cooker. She walks with a waddle, seeming about to collapse in no minute. But she steadies herself, closes the electric cooker and switches the button to set the time smoothly. You see the rice soaked in the plastic tub, the stained towel hung on the steel string and the wall as black as daubed with ink. You may amazingly find your eyes are adjusting to the darkness, and the soy sauce bottle and vinegar bottle on the wooden cupboard, clothes hung on a wooden stick, short or long, thin and thick, all turns out to be clearer before you. The old granny has greyish hair, sparse teeth, light eyebrow and large blocks of senile plaque creeping on her forehead and cheek. She is cladded in a greyish purple blouse, deep blue trousers, and is bare-footed in a lake blue slipper. She hobbles with a cane. Having seen she had to cook on her own at such an old age, a surge of bitterness rippled in your heart. What shocks you more is that there should be a tap and running water available in such a shabby kitchen.<br /> <br /> ==== 夏盼 Xia Pan ====<br /> <br /> 在灶房旁的那间屋子，就是陆永门出生的屋子。除了从屋顶漏下的天光照在床板上外，这里的一切也是昏暗的。因长期没有住人，屋子里还散发着一种强烈的霉味。那味道好像是有体积的，像一块僵硬的砖头，砸得你鼻孔发疼。大厅内堆放着陈旧的木椅，各种备用的农具，各种鼓鼓囊囊的袋子。这个女子先是出生在这间泥土屋中，又在侧旁的那栋砖房里长大。百转千回，她在遭遇了种种波折后，居然还那样得爽朗，总能爆发出阵阵笑声。这一切都让你心绪难平，感慨万千。<br /> <br /> The room next to the stove is the room where Lu Yongmen was born. Everything is dim here, except for the skylight that leaks from the roof on the bed. There was a strong musty smell in the house because there was no one living there for a long time. The smell seemed bulky, like a stiff brick that hurt your nostrils. There are old wooden chairs, all kinds of spare farm tools, and all kinds of bulging bags stacked in the hall. This woman was born in this mud house and grew up in the brick house next to her. She was still so happy and outgoing after encountering various difficulties and changes. She always bursted into of laughter. All of this makes you feel uneasy and emotional.<br /> <br /> The room next to the stove is where Lu Yongmen was born. Here, everything is dim except for the skylight on the bed that leaks from the roof. There was a strong musty smell in the house because no one lived there for a long time. The smell seemed to be materialized like a stiff brick that hurt your nostrils. in the hall stacked old wooden chairs, a series of spare farm tools and bulging bags. This woman was born here and grew up in the brick house next door. Having gone through so many hardships, she was still outgoing and able to burst into laughter. All of this makes you sink into mingled thoughts.<br /> <br /> == Part 16 ==<br /> <br /> <br /> 解困房<br /> <br /> 1958年出生陆群仕，是田塘村小组的五保户。他穿着件灰色带黑点的长袖T恤，黑色长裤和黑皮鞋，一头短发下是一双浓眉和一对细眼。他说话的声音有些沙哑，总会情不自禁地挥舞着双手，面部表情极为丰富。和那些久居乡村的人比，他也算是见过大世面的人。他泡茶的动作相当熟练，而在那张玻璃茶几上，还有3个红牛易拉罐——那是他的烟灰缸。<br /> <br /> Low-rent Room <br /> Lu Qunshi, born in 1958, is a five-guarantee household of the Tiantang Village Group. He was wearing a grey long-sleeved T-shirt with black dots, black trousers, and black leather shoes. He had short hair with thick eyebrows and narrow eyes. His voice was a little hoarse, he could not help waving his hands, and his facial expressions were extremely rich. Compared with those who have lived in the countryside for a long time, he can be regarded as a person who has a lot of knowledge. He's very skilled at making tea water, and on that glass table, there are three Red Bull cans - which are his ashtray.<br /> <br /> Low-rent Room<br /> Lu Qunshi, born in 1958, is a five-guarantee household of the Tiantang Village Group. Wearing a grey long-sleeved T-shirt with black dots, black trousers and black leather shoes, he has short hair with thick eyebrows and narrow eyes. His voice is a little hoarse. He has an expressive face and is always waving his hands. Compared with those who have lived in the countryside for a long time, he has seen much of the world. He's very skilled at making tea. On the glass table are three cans of Red Bull, a type of energy drink - his ashtrays.<br /> <br /> ==== 夏依颐 Xia Yiyi====<br /> <br /> 他是独生子。小的时候，他家里的田很少，一年收入不过2000元。1999年，当他的父亲去世后，他便将家里的地让给亲戚种，自己来到连江口镇搞装修。当镇政府盖办公大楼时，他也来帮忙干活。2002年，当政府大楼盖好后，他便谋了个门卫的差事。这一干，就是20年。他的工资从最初的300元到500元，慢慢涨到现在的1500元，且包吃包住。他属于连樟村的五保户，每个月国家还补助900多元，所以日子算是“比上不足，笔下有余”。<br /> 然而，说起自己的身世后，他却像个委屈的少年，陡然间眼眶发红，声音哽咽，几乎要落下泪来。他感慨自己的命运如此坎坷——在他3岁时，母亲与父亲离婚后改嫁他人。在他6岁时，有一次村里搞活动，他远远地看到了母亲，可母亲却没有对他有任何亲昵的举动。在那一次遥远的眺望后，母亲便再也没有出现在他的视线中。他觉得自己是爱母亲的，但那种爱却像一块发酵的面团，在不断的膨胀中发生了变异。最后，当那爱快要演化成了恨的时候，他选择了遗忘。<br /> <br /> He is the only child. His family had very few fields when he was young, bringing them merely 2,000 yuan a year. In 1999, when his father died, he gave his family's land to relatives and became a decoration worker in Lianjiangkou town. In 2002, when the government building was completed, he found a job as a janitor. And he kept doing it for 20 years. Rising from 300 yuan to 500 yuan, his salary reached 1,500 yuan currently, excluding meals and accommodation provided. He is among the five guaranteed households in Lianzhang Village where the government also subsidizes more than 900 yuan per month, so he has been living reasonably well. But talking about his life experience would turn him into an aggrieved teenager, his eyes suddenly reddened, his voice choked, and he almost shed tears. He lamented his rough fate - when he was 3 years old, his mother divorced his father and remarried. Three years later, he saw his mother from afar during a village event, but she did not show any intimacy toward him. After that distant gaze, his mother never appeared in his sight again. He felt that his love for his mother was like a piece of fermented dough, mutating as it continued to expand. Finally, he chose to forget that love when it was evolving into hate.<br /> <br /> He was the only child. His family had very few fields when he was young, bringing them merely 2,000 yuan a year. In 1999, when his father died, he gave his family’s land to relatives and became a decoration worker in Lianjiangkou town. He also helped out when the town government built an office building and he found a job as a janitor after the completion of the building in 2002. He kept doing it for 20 years. Rising from 300 yuan to 500 yuan, his salary reached 1,500 yuan currently, with meals and accommodation provided. He was among the five guaranteed households in Lianzhang village for which the government also subsidized more than 900 yuan per month, so he was living reasonably well. But talking about his life experience would turn him into an aggrieved teenager, his eyes suddenly reddened, his voice choked, and his tears almost being down. He lamented his rough fate--when he was 3 years old, his parents got divorced and his mother remarried. Three years later, he saw his mother from afar during a village event, but she did not show any intimacy toward him. After that distant gaze, his mother never appeared in his sight again. He felt that his love for his mother was like a piece of fermented dough, mutating as it continued to expand. Finally, he chosed to forget that love when it was evolving into hatred.<br /> <br /> ==== 夏紫纯 Xia Zichun====<br /> <br /> 所以，在他的成长历程中，父亲承担了双重角色——又是爹来又是娘。“父亲真是不容易呀，一手一脚地把我拉扯大。”他和父亲的感情是在相依为命的日子里建立起来的。所以，当父亲生病后，他照料得异常细心。父亲得的是肺痨病，天天咳嗽——这一咳，就把一个70多岁的人咳到了80多岁。那十几年的时间里，全靠他一人照顾。虽然看病和护理又花时间又花金钱，可谁让他是自己的老父亲呢！父亲没有别人可以依靠，而他也只有父亲这一个亲人。当父亲去世后，他感到自己像是个孤儿——母亲离开他的时候，他年纪太小，所以那种被遗弃的感觉并不强烈；而父亲去世时，他却嚎啕大哭。<br /> <br /> Therefore, his father took on the dual role of father and mother when he was growing up. “It was really hard for my father who has been working so hard to bring me up.” It was during the days when he and his father were dependent on each other that their close relationship was built up. So, when his father fell ill, he looked after him with exceptional care. My father had consumption and coughed every day--his cough turned a man in his 70s into his 80s. For those ten years or so, it was up to him to look after his father alone. It was time and money consuming to see a doctor and care for him, but he was his own father! His father had no one else to rely on, and he had only his father as a family member. When his father died, he felt like an orphan. He was very young when his mother left him, so he didn't feel a very strong sense of abandonment. But when his father died, he bawled.<br /> <br /> Therefore, his father took on the dual role of father and mother when he was growing up. “It was really hard for my father to bring me up all by himself.” They clang to each other and developed a close relationship over the decades. Hence, after father fell ill, Lu took care of him with scrupulousness. His father contracted tuberculosis and coughed day and night. The disease had been torturing him from seventy something to over eighty. For more than a decade, he looked after father by himself despite all the troubles and expenses of hospitalization and nursing. That was his dear dad! Dad was his only kin in the world who could only rely on his son. After father’s death, Lu did feel like an orphan. He burst into tears due to the loss. Yet when his mother left him at his young age, he could hardly feel being discarded .<br /> <br /> ==== 向明慧 Xiang Minghui====<br /> <br /> 现在，他的生活非常有规律：每天都在镇政府上班，一年难得回村一次。他在连樟村没有建房，但他在镇里有一间解困房。“大约30多平米……”他用手比划着说，“不大。”但是，这房子的租金却相当便宜——“一年50元。”他是怎么租到这房子的？原来，当2006年政府开始建造解困房时，他便毫不犹豫地凑了2000元，之后，他便分到了第一批房子。虽然他平时都住在镇政府一楼的门卫室中，但过年过节，他还是会回到那间小房子里去看看——那可是他的养老之地啊。2013年，镇里连降暴雨，致使北江河水上涨。河水从堤坝泛滥而出，甚至淹到了镇政府门口的台阶上，他的那间小屋亦未能幸免于难。河水落潮后，看到屋里一片狼藉，他心疼得眼窝发湿。后来，他将房顶重新翻修了一遍，又将受潮的边边角角都拾掇干净，才觉得顺心了许多。<br /> <br /> Now he lives a regular life. He works at the town government all year round and seldom comes back to his village. He doesn’t own any house in Lianzhang village but lives in an affordable house in the town. “It’s about 30 meter squares...” he said with gesture. “It’s not large but... the house rent is only 50 yuan per year.” How did he manage to rent it? In 2006, when local government planned to start the affordable housing program he had no hesitation in donating 2000 yuan. Later, one of the first houses was allocated to him. Although he usually lives in the gatehouse at the ground floor of the town government, he would come to his little house during festivals. After all, he is about to live there during his old age. In 2013, continual rainstorms led to the swelling of the Beijiang River. Water spilled out of banks and even spread to the staircases by the gate of the government. His tiny house was also attacked. After the flood receded, he went to scrutinize it. When he saw it was in a mess, tears welled up in his eyes. He decided to renovate its roof and repaint all the edges of its walls damaged by water. Until finishing all these, he felt quite content.<br /> <br /> Now he lives a regular life. He works in the town government all year round and seldom comes back to his village. He doesn’t own any house in Lianzhang village but lives in a housing which was built for poor households in the town. “It’s about thirty square meters...” he said with gesture. “It’s not a large amount of money but... the annual rent of the house is only 50 yuan.” How did he manage to rent it? In 2006, when local government planned to start the housing program for poor households, he had no hesitation in preparing 2000 yuan for rent. Later, one of the first houses was allocated to him. Although he usually lives in the janitor's room at the ground floor of the town government, he would come to his little house during festivals. After all, he is about to live there to spend his remaining years in comforting. In 2013, continual rainstorms in town led to the swelling of the Beijiang River. Water spilled out of banks and even drowned the staircases by the gate of the government. His tiny house was also not spared. After the ebb-tide, he went to scrutinize it. When he saw it was in a mess, tears welled up in his eyes. He renovated its roof and repainted all the edges of its walls damaged by water. Until finishing all these, he felt quite content.<br /> <br /> ==== 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 他好手好脚，五官端正，目光机敏，言语清晰，但却一直没有找到对象。他叹息道：“我中意人家，人家不中意我。”他说自己以前生活得好苦，而现在的日子是一天比一天好。每当夜深人静时，他的内心便活跃了起来——突然之间，他感觉自己好孤单。现在，他想找个老伴，好好地安度晚年。他并不自卑——“咱是有解困房的人啊！”<br /> <br /> Lu had sound limbs, regular features, smart eyes, and fluent expression, but he never had a fere. He sighed, &quot;I was attracted to one who was not attracted to me.&quot; He said he used to live hard, but his living conditions are getting better day by day. in the still of night, he would have become sentimental, so he suddenly felt lonely. Now, he wants to own a late wife and spends his remaining years in comfort with her. He doesn’t have a sense of inferiority, &quot;I'm a man with a housing which was built for poor households!”<br /> <br /> Lu had wholesome limbs, regular features, sharp eyes and clear speech, but he never had a fere. He sighed, &quot;I was into one who was not attracted to me.&quot; He said he used to live hard, but now his living condition is getting better day by day. When the dead of night, he would have become sentimental, so he suddenly felt lonely. Now, he wants to own a late wife and spends his remaining years in comforting with her. He doesn’t have a sense of inferiority, &quot;I'm a man with housing which was built for poor households!”<br /> <br /> 纯女户<br /> <br /> Families with Only Daughters<br /> <br /> <br /> Families with Only Daughters<br /> <br /> 傍晚时分，林金娣正在准备做饭，却又停下了忙碌的双手。当她看到弟弟和大女婿相跟着走进家门时，不禁喜上眉梢。自丈夫去世后，她一直陷入在郁郁寡欢的状态。有亲人们来找她聊天，能缓解心头的很多愁绪！林金娣穿着红毛衣和黑裤子，一头花白的短发，皮肤发黄，粗眉细眼厚唇。她看着干净而利落，但在她的额头、眼角和嘴角处，都有着深刻的皱纹。虽然她说话的语速不紧不慢，然而，你还是听不懂她说的是什么意思——她一句普通话都不会说。故而，你和她的交流只能通过翻译来进行。在这个小村里，不会说普通话的人寥寥无几。显然，她和外界接触的频率非常有限。<br /> <br /> In the evening, Lin Jindi was preparing for dinner, but she stopped her busy hands again. She was overjoyed when she saw her younger brother and her eldest son-in-law came house. She has been in a state of depression since her husband's death. Relatives talked to her, which can relieve a lot of her worries! Lin wore red sweater and black trousers, with short gray hair, yellow skin, coarse eyebrows, exquisite eyes and thick lips. She looked clean and neat, but there were deep wrinkles on her forehead, around her eyes and mouth. Although she made moderate speed of speech, people still didn't understand what she means, because she couldn't speak Mandarin. Therefore, your communication with her can only be done through a translator. In this small village, few people couldn't speak Mandarin. Obviously, her frequency of contact with the outside world was very limited.<br /> <br /> At dusk Lin Jindi was making preparation for dinner, but she stopped her busy work again. She was overjoyed when she saw her younger brother and her eldest son-in-law came home. Since her husband was dead, she has been falling into depression, so she talked to relatives which could relieve much sadness! Lin wore red sweater and black trousers, with short gray hair, yellow skin, coarse eyebrows, exquisite eyes and thick lips. She looked clean and neat, but there were deep wrinkles on her forehead, around her eyes and mouth. Although she made moderate speed of speech, you still didn't understand what she meant, because she couldn't speak Mandarin. Therefore, you could only communicate with her through translation. In this small village, few people couldn't speak Mandarin. Apparently, her frequency of contact with the outside world was very limited.<br /> <br /> ==== 肖娜 Xiao Na====<br /> <br /> 她是个勤快人——米黄色的地板干净整洁，茶几和饭桌上都铺着彩色桌布，饭菜用罩子扣着，连楼梯上的杂物也堆得整整齐齐。65岁的她有3个女儿，且都已出嫁。她生孩子的顺序是这样的——23岁时生大女儿，27岁时生二女儿，30岁时生小女儿。随着3个女儿的相继诞生，老公的脸色也越来越黑——他当然更想要儿子。<br /> <br /> She was diligent woman, because beige floor was clean, the tea table and dinner table were covered with colorful tablecloth, food was covered and even the sundries on the stairs were piled up neatly. She was 65 years old with three daughters who had been married. The orders which she gave birth were that she had her eldest daughter at 23, second at 27 and younger at 30. With the birth of three daughters, her husband's face getting worse and worse, because he surely wanted a son more. <br /> <br /> She was a hardworking woman as the beige floor was clean, the tea table and dinner table were covered with colorful tablecloth, food was covered with a cap and even the clutters on the stairs were piled up neatly. She was 65 years old with three daughters who had all been married.The order which she gave birth to her children was that she had her eldest daughter at 23, second at 27 and youngest at 30. With the birth of three daughters in succession, her husband's face became darker and darker since he wanted a son more. <br /> <br /> 丈夫是这个家最主要的劳动力——他靠帮人盖房子挣钱；而妻子的贡献也不小——除了干地里的活，还要养育孩子，打理家务。这家人的生活原本平平淡淡，然而在2013年，丈夫因高血压而引发中风。在医院做了开颅手术后，整个身体完全不能自理。卧床5年，共花了12万的医药费，虽然公费医疗报销了一半，但家里也要掏一半。日子原本就紧紧巴巴，到哪里去找这6万元？她问弟弟借了1万多元，又问其他亲戚借了4万多，总算凑够了钱数。丈夫既不能挣钱回家，每个月还要到英德医院去复诊，车费及换尿管的费用就要100多元，再加上几百块的医药费，也算是一笔不小的开支。妻子虽然竭力护理丈夫，然而在2016年时，他还是撒手人寰。<br /> <br /> Her husband , who was the major worker of the family, earned money by helping others build houses. Great contributions also were made by her such as raising the children and doing the housework while working in the farmlands. Her family lived an ordinary life, however, in 2013, her husband suffered a stroke caused by high-blood pressure. After made a craniotomy in the hospital, he was completely unable to take care of himself. Lying in the bed for five years, she spent 120,000 yuan on medical expenses, and half of these money were reimbursed by the public medical expense and half by her family. However, she and her families were already strapped and they didn't know where to raise 60,000 yuan. Asking her brother and relatives to borrow over 10,000 yuan and over 40,000 yuan respectively, she finally raised enough money. Not only could her husband not make money,but it would spend lots of money on his follow-up visit in Yingde Hospital every month, because the fare and the catheter change costed more than 100 yuan and his medical charges costed hundreds of yuan. She did her utmost to take good care of her husband, but he died anyway in 2016.<br /> <br /> <br /> Her husband, who was the main labor force of the family, earned money from building houses for others. In addition, she also made valuable contributions to the family, such as rearing children and doing the household chores while working on the farmland at the same time. The family lived an ordinary life as usual. However, in 2013, her husband suffered from a stroke due to high-blood pressure. After a craniotomy in the hospital, he was completely unable to take care of himself. Five years in bed cost 120,000 yuan in medical expenses, half of which was covered by public medical expenses, but the family also had to pay half.​ The family had already lived on the breadline. Where to raise 60,000 yuan? ​Having no alternative choice, she borrowed more than 10,000 yuan from her brother and more than 40,000 yuan from other relatives to scrape together enough money. Her husband, who not only can't earn money, spends lots of money on his follow-up visit to Yingde Hospital every month. It's not a small expenditure as the fare and the catheter change cost more than 100 yuan and his medical charges cost hundreds of yuan. She did the best she could to take good care of her husband, but he still died in 2016.<br /> <br /> ==== 肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin====<br /> <br /> 林金娣的大女儿嫁的是本村人，生了两个外孙——大的19岁，在广州餐厅打工；小的11岁，还在上小学。老丈人中风后，大女儿和大女婿照顾得最多，因为两家离得最近。大女儿家也算不上富裕。大女婿说自己的屋子总是漏水，准备翻修一下。“要先建个临时住房，再把老房子扒掉重盖。”可是这几年建筑材料涨得厉害，哪怕是临时房也要花6万；等把整个房子重新建起来，至少要花20多万。他笑嘻嘻地说：“现在的人工很贵，一个人一天要花300元，太费钱，我就自己边学边干。”<br /> <br /> Lin Jindi's eldest daughter married a native of the village and had two grandchildren---the older one was 19 years old, working in Guangzhou restaurant; the younger one was 11 years old and still in primary school. After her husband's stroke, her eldest daughter and son-in-law took care of him the most because they lived closer to each other.The eldest daughter's family was not rich. The eldest son-in-law said that his house was always leaking and was planning to renovate it. &quot;I need to build a temporary shelter first,then I will tear down the old house and rebuild it.&quot; But construction materials have increased so much in recent years that even a temporary house costs 60,000 yuan. By the time the whole house was rebuilt, it would cost at least 200,000 yuan. He said with a smile, &quot;The labor is very expensive now. Hiring a worker one day needs 300 yuan and it's too expensive. I will learn by myself.&quot;<br /> <br /> Lin Jindi's eldest daughter married a native of the village and had two children -- the older one was 19 years old, working in a restaurant in Guangzhou; the younger one was 11 years old and still in primary school. After her husband's stroke, her eldest daughter and son-in-law took care of him the most because they lived closer to each other. The eldest daughter's family was not rich. The eldest son-in-law said that his house was always leaking and was planning to renovate it. &quot;I need to build a temporary shelter first, and then I will tear down the old house and rebuild it.&quot; But the price of construction materials had increased so much in recent years that even a temporary house cost 60,000 yuan. By the time the whole house was rebuilt, it would cost at least 200,000 yuan. He said with a smile, &quot;The labor is very expensive now. Hiring a worker one day needs 300 yuan, which is too expensive. So I will learn and do it by myself.&quot;<br /> <br /> 林金娣家原来有4亩地，主要种水稻和花生。田里的收入很少——除了够自己吃以外，卖花生的钱还要用来买化肥和农药。现在，2亩地出租后，每年有2000的租金；另外2亩地被征收后，一次性补助了6.7万元。每个月，她有200元的低保和新农保的140元，加上3个女儿的接济，日子还能过得去。但是她很要强，不愿坐在家里吃闲饭，经常去建筑工地打工，一天能挣120元。<br /> <br /> Lin Jindi's family originally had 4 acres of land, mainly growing rice and peanuts. The income from the fields was little - in addition to feeding the family, the money from selling peanuts had to be used to buy fertiliser and pesticides.Now, after 2 acres of land was leased, the annual rent has reached 2,000 yuan.The other 2 acres of land was expropriated with a one-time subsidy of 67,000 yuan.She got 200 yuan a month from the subsistence allowance and 140 yuan from the new rural social pension insurance. With the help of her three daughters, she can get by. But she was too enterprising to sit at home and worked on construction sites, earning 120 yuan a day.<br /> <br /> Lin Jindi's family originally had 4 acres of land, mainly growing rice and peanuts. The income from the fields was small -- in addition to feeding the family, the money from selling peanuts had to be used to buy fertilizer and pesticides. Now, after 2 acres of land was leased, the annual rent had reached 2,000 yuan.The other 2 acres of land was expropriated with a one-time subsidy of 67,000 yuan. She got 200 yuan a month from the subsistence allowance and 140 yuan from the new rural social pension insurance. With the help of her three daughters, she could get by. But she was too enterprising to sit at home, so she always worked on construction sites, earning 120 yuan a day.<br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> ==== 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 丈夫去世后，她感觉异常孤单。平时在家里，她和丈夫总是“有说有讲”，可现在，她连个说话的人都没有了。过年过节时，三个女儿带着女婿和外孙们来看她，家里甚为热闹。可是等孩子们都走后，家里又变得异常寂静。她对这寂静感到越来越不适应。她的年纪越来越大，身体也越来越不好——原本就有腰椎间盘突出的毛病，后来又做了肾结核手术。手术后医生告诫她要静养，不能干重活。<br /> 平时，她在家里边做家务边看电视。她看新闻联播，也看天气预报，还看电视剧。她看电视并不是为了关注电视里的内容，而是希望家里有人影在晃动，有声音在喧哗。她的手里总是拿着块抹布，到处擦拭。她总能看到柜子上的灰尘，桌子上的灰尘，台阶上的灰尘。然而，这些灰尘今天擦了，明天又落了下来。<br /> <br /> After her husband died, she felt quite lonely. She used to talk with her husband at home, but now she had no one to talk to. During the Spring Festival and otherholidays, her three daughters came to visit her with sons-in-law and grandchildren and the atmosphere was especially lively. But when they were gone, it became very quiet again. She grew increasingly uncomfortable with the silence. As she got older, her health got worse – she was already suffering from lumbar intervertebral disc and later had a surgery for kidney tuberculosis. After the surgery, the doctor told her to rest quietly to recuperate and couldn’t do heavy work. She usually watched TV while doing housework at home. She watched news broadcast, weather forecast and TV plays. She watched TV not to pay attention to the content, but to hope that there were figures and sound moving in the house. She always took a rag in her hand, wiping everywhere. She could always see the dust on the cupboard, table and steps. However, the dust was wiped today and would fall down the next day.<br /> <br /> After her husband died, she felt quite lonely. She used to talk with her husband at home, but now she had no one to talk to. During the Spring Festival or festivals, her three daughters would come to visit her with sons-in-law and grandchildren and the atmosphere was especially lively. But after they were gone, it became very quiet again. She grew increasingly uncomfortable in the silence. As she grew older, her health got worse – she had already suffered from lumbar intervertebral disc and later had a surgery for kidney tuberculosis. After the surgery, the doctor told her to rest quietly to recuperate and couldn’t do heavy work. She usually watched TV while doing housework at home. She watched news broadcast, weather forecast and TV plays. She watched TV not to pay attention to the content, but hope that there were figures and sound moving in the house. She always took a rag in her hand, wiping everywhere. She could always see the dust on the cupboard, table and steps. However, the dust was wiped today and would fall down the next day.<br /> <br /> ==== 谢茜敏 Xie Ximin====<br /> <br /> 偶尔的空闲，她会想起打工时的那些经历——虽然辛苦，但时间却过得很快，像蝴蝶的翅膀般倏忽而逝。而现在，时间像蜗牛一样。有时，她坐在丈夫原来睡过的床边，用手抚摸着床单，心里充满了酸楚。她不知道3个女儿的出生，在丈夫内心造成的阴影面积是那样得大。丈夫一直郁郁寡欢，但表面上还强颜欢笑。最终，疾病像雪崩一样压塌了这个男人。<br /> 林金娣有5兄妹，她是大姐。丈夫去世后，弟弟常骑着摩托车来看望她。弟弟和她长得非常相似——那眉眼和嘴角简直一模一样！然而，弟弟的皮肤更黝黑，也更健谈。弟弟说起姐夫生病的那段时间时，感慨万千。看得出来，他打心眼儿里心疼姐姐。现在，姐弟俩谈的都是家里的琐事，但每次谈完后，姐姐的心情都会格外轻松。现在，她要努力学会忘却，因为只有忘却，才能让她变得更舒坦。<br /> <br /> In occasional leisure, she would think of those experience in work-which was hard but she felt time fleeted like the vibration of butterfly’s wings. However, time passed at a snail’s pace now. Sometimes she sat on the edge of the bed where her husband had slept and stroked the sheet full of bitterness. She didn’t know that the birth of three daughters had caused so deep shadow in her husband’s heart. He had already become withdrawn but still put on a cheerful face. Finally, this man collapsed by disease like an avalanche. Lin Jindi was the oldest of five siblings. After her husband’s death, her younger brother often came to visit her on a motorcycle, who looked like her very much-their eyebrows, eyes, and corners of the mouth were nearly identical. Whereas, her brother had more tanned skin and was more conversable. When her brother talked about the days when his brother-in-law was ill, he was filled with emotion. Obviously, he had a visceral love of his eldest sister. Although they always talked about trivial matters at home now, Lin Jindi would become extremely relaxed after every conversation. She had to learn how to forget, for she could live comfortably only by doing so.<br /> <br /> == Part 17 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou====<br /> <br /> <br /> 扶贫车间<br /> <br /> 傍晚时分，邝秋桂正准备做晚饭，然而，厨房的空间实在太小，根本没办法放下那个钢筋锅，她便把锅搬到了屋外的空地上烧水。她用几块砖垒起了个灶台，然后，往里面塞了两根粗木棍。那钢筋锅的四周已被烟火熏染得发黑，只有锅盖在夕阳下泛出璀璨的光芒。<br /> 邝秋桂顶着一头很短的头发——从侧面看，简直像个小男孩。在褐色花纹的T恤衫外，她又套了件湖蓝色的短袖衬衫，腿上是条黑色的九分裤，赤脚踩着拖鞋。她的五官很秀气：淡眉、细眼、薄唇；她说话时腔调清浅，显得温和而节制。<br /> 2013年，她建这栋屋子时花了4万元——自己的钱不够，还问娘家借了些钱。这屋子的面积异常局促，简直像城市的那种单身公寓——大约30平米左右。原来，她的宅基地就这么大的面积，所以建房子时便只能因陋就简。当你进入这屋子后，感觉异常别扭——进门有个小厨房，但却窄得放不下一口大锅；屋内那稍大点的空间，算是卧室加客厅，堆放着各种尿素袋、电饭煲、电风扇、棉被和水壶；沙发上堆着各种塑料袋，床上吊挂着白色蚊帐，铁丝上吊挂着各种衣服。<br /> Poverty Alleviation Workshop<br /> In the evening, Kuang Qiugui is preparing to cook dinner. However, the space in the kitchen is too small to put down the steel pot, so she moves the pot to the open space outside the house to boil water. She builds a stove with several bricks, and then put two thick wooden sticks into it. The sides of the steel pot has been blackened by fireworks, and only the lid of the pot shines brightly in the setting sun.<br /> Kuang Qiugui's hair is very short - from the side, she looks like a little boy. She is wearing a brown T-shirt inside and a lake blue short sleeved shirt outside. She wears a pair of black cropped trousers and barefoot slippers. Her face is very delicate: light eyebrows, small eyes, thin lips; She speaks in a quiet voice, which seems gentle and moderate.<br /> In 2013, she spent 40000 yuan building this house - her own money was not enough, so she borrowed some money from her parents. The area of this house is extremely limited, which is almost like the single apartment in the city - about 30 square meters. Because her homestead is such a small area, when building a house, she had to make the house as simple as possible. When entering this room, you feel extremely crowded - there is a small kitchen at the door, but it is too narrow to hold a big pot. The slightly larger space in the house is a bedroom plus a living room, where various urea bags, rice cookers, electric fans, quilts and kettles are stacked. Various plastic bags are stacked on the sofa, the white mosquito net is hung on the bed, and various clothes are hung on the iron wire.<br /> <br /> ==== 谢紫佳 Xie Zijia====<br /> <br /> 因为屋子的空间实在有限，她便将有些事情搬到户外来干。譬如，在空地上烧水；又譬如，她用木棍绑了个梯子，可以爬到房顶上去晒干菜。这屋子的侧旁是片长满茅草的荒地，而她在里面挖出了块巴掌大的菜地，种了十几颗小白菜。因为害怕周围的鸡鸭猫狗来破坏，她还专门架起了木棍，围上了黑丝网。<br /> 她才刚刚54岁，可弥漫在脸上的却是一股浓郁的愁云。她只读了小学二年级，粗略地认识些简单的汉字。然而，对一个乡村女人来说，识字多少并不会对生活造成实质性的伤害。对她们来说，最重要的是婚姻。和别的女人一样，她在年轻时便已结了婚。生了孩子，又离了婚。丈夫要和她离婚的主要理由是——她生了两个女儿。她不愿意，但也没办法。在分居了3年后，法院宣判她和丈夫正式离婚：小女儿跟父亲过，大女儿和母亲过。<br /> <br /> Because of the limited space in the house, she moved some things outdoors to do. For example, she boiled water in the open space; for example, she tied a ladder with wooden sticks so she could climb to the roof to dry vegetables. The side of the house was a barren field full of thatch, and she dug out a palm-sized vegetable patch and planted a dozen small cabbages in it. Because of the fear of the surrounding chickens, ducks, cats and dogs to destroy, she also set up a wooden stick, surrounded by a black wire mesh. She is just 54 years old, but the face is a thick cloud of sadness. She had only studied in the second grade and knew some simple Chinese characters in a cursory manner. However, for a country woman, the amount of literacy does not cause substantial harm to life. For them, the most important thing is marriage. Like other women, she was married at a young age. She had children and was divorced. The main reason her husband wanted to divorce her - she gave birth to two daughters. She didn't want to, but there was nothing she could do. After three years of separation, the court pronounced that she and her husband were officially divorced: the younger daughter lived with her father and the older daughter lived with her mother.<br /> <br /> ==== 熊丹 Xiong Dan====<br /> <br /> 离婚后，她分得了1亩水田和3块山地。水田里虽然种了花生和水稻，但收成也只顾糊嘴。她曾得过急性肝炎，打针吃药花了一大笔钱，又因为体弱多病，干不了山上的重活，所以山地根本没什么收入。在乡村，如果一个女人在步入初老阶段时身体很差，离了婚又没有儿子依仗，那她的处境堪比一棵稻草。事实上，重男轻女在乡村依旧非常严重——生了女孩的老婆总是遭丈夫嫌弃！同时，“嫁出去的女儿泼出去的水”。2013年，当她的大女儿结婚后，她便开启了一个人过活的模式。女儿婚后育有一子，日子也过得紧巴巴，难得回一趟娘家。<br /> 邝秋桂现在的情况十分尴尬——她只能划到贫困户中，而不能评上低保户。因为国家政策规定，如果有子女抚养者便不能评为低保户，而政府补助的养老金（每月约150元），要到60岁后才能领取。所以，她的日子不仅十分寂寞，而且十分清苦。2017年，扶贫干部推荐她到村里玩具厂的“扶贫车间”去上班。每天工作8个多小时，按计件拿工资。这样，她每月有2200元至2700元的收入。刚开始坐在流水线的凳子上时，她总是觉得万般不适——不仅腰不舒服，而且总觉得眼前花花绿绿一片，什么都看不清楚。咬着牙坚持着干了下来后，现在，她已成了一个熟手。无论是打包装、串线、拼装……什么活她都能拿下来。在车间里干活的70人中，大多数是40多岁的中年女人。休息时大家一起聊聊天，时间过得很快。<br /> <br /> When she was divorced, she distributed one mu of paddy fields and three pieces of mountainous regions. Peanuts and rice are planted in paddy fields,the harvest also could only save her from hunger. She had acute hepatitis before and spent a lot of money on injections and pills, because she was too weak to do heavy work in the mountains, there was no income at all. In the villages, if a woman has a weak body when she is at the beginning of the old, and has divorced and no son to rely on, then her circumstances seem like a straw. In fact, choosing boys over girls in the countryside is still very severe—a wife giving birth to a girl would always be disdained by her husband. At the same time,“a married daughter likes split water”. In 2013，when her eldest daughter married, she began living alone. Her daughter gave birth to a son after marriage，and her days were also living on a tight budget, so she had little time to visit her parents' home.GuangQiugui is now in an awkward situation—she was only classified as a poor household, but she cannot be assessed by the family enjoying the minimum living guarantee. On account of the state policy, people with children cannot be classified as subsistence, and the government-subsidized pension (about 150 yuan a month) can only be received after the age of 60. So ,her life is not only very lonely, but also very ascetic. In 2017, poverty alleviation cadres recommended her to work in the “poverty relief workshop” of the toy factory in the countryside. She works more than 8 hours every day and gets paid for piecework. In this way, she earns between 2200 yuan and 2700 yuan a month. When she sat on the assembly line’s seat for the first time, she felt very uncomfortable — not only the backache, but also always felt brightly coloured before her eyes and could not see anything. She bit her teeth and held on,and she is a proficient worker now. whether it’s packing, stringing, assembling...... she could do all of those. There were 70 people in the workshop, most of them were women in their 40s. They felt time passed very quickly when they chatted together during the break.<br /> <br /> When she was divorced, she was distributed was one mu of paddy fields and three pieces of mountainous regions. Peanuts and rice were planted in the paddy fields. The harvest also could only save her from hunger. She had acute hepatitis before and had spent a lot of money on injections and pills. Because she was too weak to do heavy work in the mountains, there was no other income at all. In the villages, if a woman had a weak body when she began to grow old, and had divorced and no son to rely on, then her circumstances were as vulnerable as a straw. In fact, choosing boys over girls in the countryside was still very severe—a wife giving birth to a girl would always be disdained by her husband. At the same time,“a married daughter was like split water”. In 2013, when her eldest daughter married, she began living alone. Her daughter gave birth to a son after marriage, and her days were also living on a tight budget, and she had little time to visit her mother. Guang Qiugui was now in an awkward situation—she was only classified as a poor household, but she couldn’t be assessed by the family enjoying the minimum living guarantee. On account of the state policy, people with children couldn’t be classified as subsistence, and the government-subsidized pension (about 150 yuan a month) could only be received after the age of 60. So she was not only very lonely, but also very ascetic. In 2017, poverty alleviation cadres recommended her to work in the “poverty relief workshop” of the toy factory in the countryside. She worked more than 8 hours every day and got paid for piecework. In this way, she earned between 2200 and 2700 yuan a month. When she sat on the assembly line’s seat for the first time, she felt very uncomfortable — not only the backache, but also always felt brightly colored before her eyes and could not see anything. She bit her teeth and held on. And she was a proficient worker now. Whether it’s packing, stringing or assembling...... she could do all of those. There were 70 people in the workshop, most of whom were women in their 40s. They felt time passed very quickly when they chatted together during the break.<br /> <br /> ==== 徐思禹 Xu Siyu====<br /> <br /> 嘉宝果<br /> <br /> Jiabaoguo<br /> <br /> Jiabaoguo<br /> <br /> 2019年，当嘉宝果出现在陆奕芳的地里时，很多人都替他捏了把汗。嘉宝果是什么？它和砂糖橘、麻竹笋的种植有什么不同？它会不会也像鹰嘴桃那样，在挂了果后招来针蜂叮食，最终让果农空欢喜一场？但陆奕芳不管不顾地栽种下200多棵树苗，一颗就要花了60块。他没有钱，而那卖苗的人说，“等采果的时候再付苗钱！”所以，他便拿了苗。“不管成不成，总要试一试！”在他看来，“过去的事情就不管了，要往前看。”<br /> <br /> In 2019, when Jiabaoguo was planted in Lu Yifang’s field, many were rather worried. What was Jiabaoguo? What was the difference between the planting of it and the panting of sugar orange and bamboo shoots? Would it attract bees after it yielded fruits and disappoint the farmers? However, Lu Yifang planted 200 and more seedlings anyway. He spent 60 yuan on one seedling. He was shy of money, but the seedling seller said, “You can pay me after you harvest the fruits.” So, he took seedlings. “Whatever the results are going to be, I must give it a go,” to him, “I cannot dwell on the past and I must move on.”<br /> <br /> In 2019, when Jiabaoguo(Jaboticaba) was planted in Lu Yifang’s field, many villagers were rather worried. What was Jiabaoguo? Is it different from the planting of sugar oranges and bamboo shoots? Would it attract bees after it yields fruits, which will ruin the fruits and disappoint the farmers? However, Lu Yifang planted over 200 seedlings anyway. One seedling will cost 60 yuan. He was lack of money, but the seedling seller said, “You can pay me after you harvest the fruits.” So, he took those seedlings. “Whatever the results are going to be, I should give it a go,” he added, “I cannot dwell on the past. I must move on.”<br /> <br /> 嘉宝果又名珍宝果，因果形和风味与葡萄相似，又被称为“热带葡萄”。嘉宝果树的成长十分缓慢，但树高与树冠可达10米。当花瓣掉落后，小幼果便三五成群地探出脑袋，从青色变成红色，再变成紫色，最后变成紫黑色。让人啧啧称奇的是，嘉宝果树的同一枝干居然可以同时开花、结果、成熟，故而形成“果中有花，花中有果”的奇景。<br /> <br /> Jiabaoguo, also known as Zhenbaoguo( treasure fruit), looked like and tasted like grapes, which was why it’s also called “tropical grapes”. Jiaguobao tree grew slowly, but it could grow to 10 meters. Pedals fallen, baby fruits poked their heads in groups. They turned from green to red, to purple and finally to black-purple. What’s remarkable was that it could put forth flowers, yield fruits and get ripe at the same time, thus making a wonderful picture of “in the midst of flowers are fruits and in the midst of fruits are flowers.”<br /> <br /> Jiabaoguo, also known as Zhenbaoguo (golden fruit), is similar to grapes in appearance and taste, which was why it’s also called “tropical grapes”. The Jiaguobao tree grows very slowly, but it could grow up to 10 meters. After the pedals fall to the earth, baby fruits will poke their heads in groups. They turned from green to red, then to purple and finally to black-purple. What’s remarkable was that the tree could put forth flowers, yield fruits and get ripe at the same time, thus making a wonderful picture of “in the midst of flowers are fruits and in the midst of fruits are flowers.”<br /> <br /> ==== 颜琦 Yan Qi====<br /> <br /> 嘉宝果的果实生长在树干及主枝上，直径约1英寸，多汁的果肉内含有1至4颗小种子。它的果实像葡萄一样圆润，表皮结实而光滑，果肉多汁且半透明，口味甘甜，营养丰富。嘉宝果既可以生吃，还可以做成蜜饯、果酱及果汁、果酒。嘉宝果是一种极好栽培的树种——抗力强，病虫害少，成长期间很少使用农药。然而，在它结果期间却容易遭受鸟害。聪明的果农们便总结出经验——可以在树的外围覆盖上黑网，或者用双层报纸给果实套袋。<br /> <br /> Jaboticaba grows on the trunk and main branches of the tree and is about 1 inch in diameter. With one to four small seeds in it, jaboticaba is a sweet and nutritious fruit shaped like a grape, having smooth touch, and plump flesh that is also juicy and translucent. Jaboticaba can be eaten raw, but it can also be made into preserves, jams, fruit juices and wines. The Jaboticaba tree is an excellent tree to cultivate. It is highly-resistant fruit, seldom suffering from pests and diseases. Pesticides are rarely used during its growth. However, during its fruiting period, it is exposed to bird damage. Clever fruit growers came up with an idea: they cover the skin of the trunk with black nets or bag the fruit with a double layer of newspaper.<br /> <br /> <br /> 1971年出生的陆奕芳，已经快满50岁了。他看起来很是周正：身量适中，体格健壮；而他的面孔也很顺眼：两道粗眉，双眼皮，高鼻梁，薄嘴唇，只是发际线稍有点高。在他那件红灰黑相间的短袖T恤衫外，又套了件黑黄相间的马甲，胸前写着“交通劝导”四个大字。和村里的大多数男人一样，他娶妻生子，已成为丈夫和两个女孩的父亲。但是，他却比别人显得更加忧心忡忡——压在他肩头的生活重担，一直都没有减轻。他出生在贫寒之家，共有五兄妹，他是老幺。<br /> <br /> Lu Yifang, born in 1971, is almost 50 years old. He had an appearance with regular features: medium height and strong build. His face is smooth: thick eyebrows, double eyelids, high nose, thin lips, just a little high hairline. A black and yellow vest was covered on his red, gray and black T-shirt, with the four characters &quot;Jiao Tong Shu Dao (Traffic Persuasion)&quot; printed on the chest part of the vest. Like most men in the village, he married a girl and had children. Now he is a husband and father of two girls. However, he looks more anxious than others because the burden of life on him has not been eased. He was born into a poor family and he is the youngest among five siblings.<br /> <br /> ====杨思吟 Yang Siyin====<br /> <br /> 他在初二时辍了学——因为脚有病，不能走路，他便在家休养。后来，等脚伤好了后，他感觉拉下的课实在太多，根本补不上来，索性就退了学，帮家人在地里干活。他什么活都会干——耕田、砍木头、砍竹笋。在上世纪90年代时，一根木条能卖2块钱，而100斤柴头能卖3块钱。他每天都上山砍柴，砍下来的木头能卖20多块钱。那个时候，这些钱对家里非常重要——买肉、买菜、买调料。那个时候，家里有3亩地，种了水稻和花生，所以不用买大米和清油。到1990年之后，山上开始种麻竹笋，他便开始上山砍笋，再拉下山来卖。<br /> <br /> He dropped out of school in Grade two. At that time, as he had a foot injury and could not walk, he stayed at home to recuperate. Later, when recovering, he felt that he had missed too many classes, so he simply left school and helped his family work in the fields instead. He can do anything— ploughing the land, cutting wood and bamboo shoots. In the 1990s, a wooden strip could sell for 2 yuan, while 100 kg of firewood could sell for 3 yuan. He went up the hill to cut wood everyday which can be sold for more than 20 yuan. At that time, these selling money was overwhelmingly important to his family, which could be used to buy meat, vegetables and seasonings. Also, his family had 3 acres of land planted with rice and peanuts, so there was no need to buy rice and edible vegetable oil. After 1990, there were hemp bamboo shoots on the hills, so he began to cut bamboo shoots up the hill and then pull them down to sell.<br /> <br /> He dropped out of school in Junior two. At that time, as he had a foot injury and could not walk, he stayed at home to recuperate. Later, when recovering, he felt that he had missed too many classes to make up for them, so he simply left school and helped his family work in the fields instead. He can do anything— ploughing the land, cutting wood and bamboo shoots. In the 1990s, a wooden strip could sell for 2 yuan, while 50 kg of firewood could sell for 3 yuan. So he went up the hill to cut wood every day which can be sold for more than 20 yuan. At that time, these money was overwhelmingly important to his family, which could be used to buy meat, vegetables and seasonings. Also, his family had 3 acres of land planted with rice and peanuts, so there was no need to buy rice and edible vegetable oil. After 1990, there were hemp bamboo shoots on the hills, so he began to cut bamboo shoots up the hill and then pull them down to sell.<br /> <br /> 他一直都没能找上对象——因为在田里干活，接触的年轻女性实在有限。眼看年龄已晃悠到27岁，他有些着急。他和现在的妻子是通过介绍认识的——从到女方家见面到领结婚证，只花了5天。女方家就住在附近村子，是一间低矮的平房。为了招待他，女方家端出了猪肉炒青菜和白米饭。女方家共有9个孩子：三男六女。介绍给他的女孩也是排行老幺，看着身量很高，皮肤有些黑，但五官很周正，他便应下了这门亲事。<br /> <br /> He has never found a girlfriend, as working in the fields, he had limited opportunities to meet young women. Seeing that he was 27, he was anxious about this. He and his wife met each through a blind date and it only took five days from meeting at his wife’s home to getting a marriage certificate. His wife lived in a low bungalow in a nearby village and her parents prepared pork fried vegetables and white rice to entertain him. Her family had nine children, with three men and six women. The girl who was introduced to him was the youngest one, who was tall and with a little black skin. But she was pretty, so he received this marriage.<br /> <br /> He had never had a girlfriend. As he worked in the fields, he had limited opportunities to meet young women. Seeing that he turned to 27, he was anxious about this. He and his wife met each other through a blind date and it only took five days from meeting at his wife’s home to getting a marriage certificate. His wife lived in a low bungalow in a nearby village and her parents prepared pork fried vegetables and white rice to treat him. Her family had nine children, with three men and six women. The girl who was introduced to him was the youngest one, who was tall and with a little black skin. But she was of regular features. So he accepted this marriage.<br /> <br /> ==== 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei====<br /> <br /> 结婚时，他借了3000元——其中的1000元是彩礼，而2000元则用来办酒席。结婚后，他一心想着赶紧把账还上，可村里的路是黄泥土路，离镇子有12公里，除了在地里找钱，根本没有其他门路。正当他犯愁时，另一件烦心事又出现了——他发现老婆有问题。婚后几个月，一切都很正常。可等老婆怀孕3个月后，她总说自己头疼头晕，总是一整夜一整夜睡不着觉。到医院检查后，确定是精神有问题。吃了药以后，老婆便开始睡觉，但一睡就是好几个钟头。生了孩子后，老婆依然头疼，只能在家里干点轻活。医生说她要特别注意饮食，千万不能吃热气和辛辣的东西——这些东西会诱发病变。<br /> <br /> When he prepared for the wedding, he borrowed 3000 yuan- 1000 yuan was for betrothal gift and the left wedding feast. After getting married, he was intent on paying his debt. But roads in the village was muddy, 12 kilometers away from the town. He had no choice but to make a living by farming. Another troublesome thing happened in the wake of his worry.That is, he found something went wrong with his wife. A few months after they were married, everything was normal. But when she had been pregnant for over 3 months, she always said that she was headache and dizzy, failing to fall asleep for whole night. After receiving check in the hospital, she was diagnosed with mental problem. As soon as taking medicine, his wife would fell asleep, lasting for several hours. After giving to baby, she still suffered from headache and could only do some light jobs at home. The doctor warned that she should pay special attention to diet and don’t eat hot or spicy food- these things could bring about pathological changes.<br /> <br /> 他家只有1亩多地，种的是水稻，除了自己吃，几乎没有什么收入。现在，他家的主要收入来自麻竹笋——2018年收入1万多元，2019年收入2万多元。他每天都上山砍麻竹笋，一干就是4个多小时。虽然很累，但他知道，这是全家人主要的收入来源。山路弯曲而颠簸，下了雨后又格外湿滑。那一次，他一个没留神便翻了车——因为“颈椎骨折”，他在医院里躺了3个月，花了6000多元的医药费，自己掏了10%。<br /> <br /> They merely possessed over one mu of land where rice was planted. Except daily diet, there was little income. Now, the main income came from Dendrocalamus latiflorus- over 10,000 Yuan in 2018 and over 20,000 in 2019. He went to the mountain to cut them every day. He worked for 4 hours without rest. Although it was quite tiring, he knew that he was the only breadwinner of the family. The mountain road was curve and bumpy, even wetter and slippery after the rain. That time, his car turned over before he noticed- because of the fracture of cervical vertebrae, he had to stay in hospital for 3 months. The medical bills were more than 6,000 of which he paid 10%.<br /> <br /> ==== 余海铭 Yu Haiming====<br /> <br /> <br /> 他家的主要问题是劳动力太少——实际上，算来算去，也就只有他一个人。老婆不仅干不了活，还要吃药，每月的药费大约要200元左右；两个女儿都在读书——大女儿在肇庆学院读大学，小女儿在英德市读高中。让他万分庆幸的是，孩子们因为享受到了政府的生活补贴——每年每人3000元——所以都没有辍学。只有让孩子去读书，才有可能让这个家彻底脱贫，这一点，他比谁都更清楚。<br /> The main problem with his family was that there was too little labor--in fact, he was the only one who can make money. His wife is not only unable to work, but also has to take medicine, which costs about RMB200 per month; both daughters are studying--Elder daughter was studying in Zhaoqing College and younger daughter was studying Yingde High School. Fortunately, the children did not drop out of school because they received a government subsidy of 3,000 yuan per person per year. He knew better than anyone else that only by letting his children go to school would he be able to lift the family out of poverty altogether. <br /> <br /> The main problem of his family was that there was too little labor--in fact, he was the only one who made money. His wife is not only unable to work, but also has to take medicine, which costs about 200 yuan per month; both of his daughters are in school--the elder one was studying in Zhaoqing College and the younger one was in Yingde High School. Fortunately, his children did not drop out of school because of a government subsidy of 3,000 yuan for each one per year. He knew better than anyone else that only by letting his children go to school would lift the family out of poverty in the end. <br /> <br /> 他家住的是楼房：两房一厅一厨房。他并不想再要一个儿子：“嗨！生多一个是更大的负担。”他说自己的两个女儿都很乖，放学后都会主动到地里干活。2019年，扶贫干部介绍他当村里的“交通劝导员”，每个月有3000元的收入，能缓解一下他的困境。一想到大女儿马上大学毕业，麻竹笋即将能有收入，他不禁长长地舒了一口气——在各种帮扶政策的托底下，他已将最难的日子熬了过去。<br /> His family lives in a building, where have two bedrooms, one hall and one kitchen. He didn't want one son: &quot;Hi! It's a bigger burden to have more children.&quot; He said his two daughters were very good and would work in the fields after school. In 2019, the poor cadre introduced him as a village &quot;traffic counsellor&quot;, monthly income of 3000 yuan, it’s can alleviate his predicament. He breathed a sigh of relief at the thought that his elder daughter would soon graduate from college and that bamboo shoot with hemp would soon ripe and can be able to earn money. He breathed a long sigh of relief-he had survived the most difficult times under the auspices of various support policies.<br /> <br /> His family lives in a building, where have two bedrooms, one living room and one kitchen. He didn't want a son: &quot;Well! It's a bigger burden to have another child.&quot; He said his two daughters were very docile and would work in the fields after school. In 2019, the cadre in charge of poverty alleviation introduced him to be the &quot;traffic counsellor&quot; in village, which has monthly income of 3000 yuan and can alleviate his poverty. He breathed a sigh of relief at the thought that his elder daughter would soon graduate from college and that bamboo shoots would soon ripe and can be able to earn money. He had survived the most difficult days with the help of various support policies.<br /> <br /> == Part 18 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 曾晨 Zeng Chen====<br /> <br /> <br /> 疾病<br /> <br /> 一个人降临到这个世界上时，他的母亲并没有事先和他进行商量。他就那样混混沌沌地开始长大。突然有一天，他的脑袋里会生出这样的疑问——我是谁？我从哪里来？为什么我是这个样子？当很多人通过各种方式度过了这个探索期后，生命就会像黄河在九曲回肠后进入大海，一切都变得坦坦荡荡。然而，对另外一些人来说，这种探索会越来越痛苦。因为他们发现，和周围的人相比，他们或者不漂亮，或者不聪明，甚至还不健康。<br /> 如果世上真的有造物主，那他对这些人是不是太不公平了？然而，达尔文却推翻了这种观点。他发现一只寄生在椿树身上的大青虫的天敌很多——至少有400多种鸟类，200多种昆虫；但一只兔子则有37种天敌，包括鹰、猎狗、狼等食肉动物；但一只豹子或老虎却几乎没有天敌。达尔文的答案是——越是弱小的生物天敌就越多，受到的伤害也就越多。<br /> <br /> A man was born into this world without discussing with his mother first, he just starts growing up knowing nothing. Suddenly one day some questions will pup out from his head----Who am I? Where did I come from? Why I am the one what I am right now? Many people went through this exploring period by various kinds of methods and their lives will be frank and open like the Yellow river entering in ocean after twisting around in the land. However, for some other people, this exploration become more painful as it goes. Because they will find out that they are not so pretty, smart and even unhealthy compared with the others. If there is a lord, maybe he treated these people too unfair? But Darwin overthrew this viewpoint. He found out that a big worm in the tree has a lot of enemies----at least more 400 kinds of birds and 200 kinds of rabbits; a rabbit has 37 kinds of enemies including carnivores like eagles, hunting dogs and wolves; but a cheetah or tiger has nearly no enemy. So the conclusion of Darwin is that weaker creatures have more enemies and get more harm.<br /> <br /> When a man is born into this world, his mother doesn’t discuss it with him beforehand, he just starts growing up knowing nothing. Suddenly one day a question pops out from his head----Who am I? Where did I come from? How did I become like this? Many people went through this exploring period by various kinds of methods and their lives will be frank and open like the Yellow river entering the ocean after twisting around in the land. However, for some other people, this exploration become more painful as it goes. Because they will find out that they are not so pretty, not so smart and even not so healthy compared with others. If there is a creator, isn’t he too unfair to those people? But Darwin overthrew this viewpoint. He found out that a big worm in the tree has a lot of natural enemies----at least 400 kinds of birds and 200 kinds of rabbits; However, a rabbit has 37 kinds of natural enemies including carnivores like eagles, hounds and wolves; But a cheetah or tiger has nearly no enemy. So Darwin’s conclusion is that weaker creatures have more natural enemies and get more harms.<br /> <br /> ====张海珊 Zhang Haishan====<br /> <br /> 达尔文于1859年出版了《物种起源》。他在这本书里讨论了两个问题——物种是可变的，生物是进化的；自然选择是生物进化的动力。在他看来，因为生物有繁殖过盛的倾向，而生存空间和食物又有限，所以，生物必须“为生存而斗争”。在同一种群中，那些能适应环境的个体将存活下来，而不能适应环境的个体，将会被淘汰。在你看来，达尔文的研究作为学术没有任何问题，然而，如果在一个社会中，到处都高呼着“适者生存”，是不是有些太过血腥？在你看来，对病人的帮扶，对老者的体恤，对孩子的关爱，对孕妇的照顾等行为，应该是一个文明社会的标配。<br /> <br /> Darwin published the “On the Origin of Species” in 1859. He discussed two issues in the book - species are variable and creatures are evolutionary, natural selection motivates evolution. In his opinion, creatures have the tendency to over-reproduce, and the living space and food are limited, so they have to &quot;fight for survival&quot;. In the same species, those who could adapt to the environment would survive, while those who could not would be eliminated. For you, there is no problem with Darwin's findings as an academic research. However, isn’t it too cruel for people to shout &quot;survival of the fittest&quot; everywhere in the society? As for you, the help for the patient, the solicitude for the old, the care for the young, and the consideration for the pregnant woman should be standards in a civilized society.<br /> <br /> Darwin published the “On the Origin of Species” in 1859. He discussed two issues in the book - species are variable and creatures are evolutionary, natural selection motivates evolution. In his opinion, creatures have the tendency to over-reproduce, and the living space and food are limited, so they have to &quot;fight for survival&quot;. In the same species, those who could adapt to the environment would survive, while those who could not adopt to the environment would be eliminated. For you, there is no problem with Darwin's findings as an academic research. However, isn’t it too cruel for people to shout &quot;survival of the fittest&quot; in the society? For you, the help for the patient, the solicitude for the old, the care for the young, and the consideration for the pregnant should be standards in a civilized society.<br /> <br /> ====张珂珂 Zhang Keke====<br /> <br /> 49岁的陆奕林，经常穿着件白色短袖衬衫，黑裤子下是一双解放鞋。从体型上看，他精瘦而结实，但他的面相却让人过目难忘——这张脸比主人的实际年龄要沧桑许多。在那张瘦长的面孔上，有着浓眉、细眼、高鼻和阔嘴，然而，在额头处的横纹、眉心处的竖纹和两颊处的法令纹，却像刀刻般一道又一道，释放出一种无声的愁怨。出生在杨梅坑村小组的他，和别人一样渐渐长大，之后他结婚，之后他上当了父亲。然而在他的脸上，却总是浮动着一团乌云。2001年结婚时，他已31岁。婚后第二年，女儿便出生了，这让他欣喜万分。然而，他没有高兴太久，就发现了一件可怕的事情——老婆有问题。<br /> <br /> Lu Yilin, a 49-year-old man, often wears a white T-shirt, black pants and a pair of liberation shoes. He is physically wiry and athletic while his appearance is unforgettable—one looks older than his actual age. On his thin face, one can see heavy eyebrows, small eyes, a high nose and wide mouth. However, his horizontal stripes on the forehead, vertical stripes in the middle and wrinkles on the cheek have shown silent anxiety and resentment again and again. Born in Yang Meikeng village, He grows up, gets married and becomes a father just like many young people. However, a dark bank of cloud always looms on his face. In 2001 when he was 31 years old, he got married. The next year he felt exhilarated that his lovely baby girl entered the world. But it was not long before he found a terrible thing—something happens to his wife.<br /> <br /> Lu Yilin, a 49-year-old man, often wore a white T-shirt, black pants and a pair of liberation shoes. He was physically wiry and athletic while his appearance was unforgettable which looks older than his actual age. On his skinny face, one can see heavy eyebrows, small eyes, a high nose and wide mouth. However, his horizontal stripes on the forehead, vertical stripes in the middle and wrinkles on the cheek had shown silent anxiety and resentment again and again. Born in Yang Meikeng village, He grew up, get married and became a father just like his peers. However, a dark bank of cloud always loomed on his face. In 2001 when he was 31 years old, he got married. The next year he felt exhilarated that his lovely baby girl entered the world. But it was not long before he found a terrible thing—something unfortunately happened to his wife.<br /> <br /> ==== 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei====<br /> <br /> 从表面上看，她显得非常正常；但是，在某个时间节点上，她像是被一根魔法棍点到了脑袋，整个人即刻陷入失常状态。处于那个状态的女人真是可怕——完全听不到来自现实世界的任何声音，像一间屋子突然遭遇停水和停电。这种状态持续的时间并不长——大约有十几分钟——但处于那个状态中的时间似乎格外冗长。<br /> 老婆在医院做了各种检查后，被诊断为“脑发育不健全”。 他疑惑：“为什么会得上这种病？”医生解释说，这种病主要是神经系统发育受损引起的。这个回答让他一头雾水，不明就里。医生进一步解释——形成这种病的原因有先天的，也有后天的。如果孩子的父母有家族遗传史，或长期酗酒，或接触过有害物质及辐射，或在药物的副作用下，都可能造成婴儿脑发育不全；如果母亲在怀孕期间患有糖尿病等疾病，早产儿在出生的过程中窒息缺氧，孩子患有脑炎或低血糖等，也可能会导致脑发育不全。医生叮嘱他要时时留心老婆的身体，因为这种病的发作没什么规律。患有此病的人，智力明显低于同龄人，且行动能力差。<br /> <br /> Superficially, she was quite normal, however, in some certain time, she seemed to be hit by a magic stick, and she just immediately fell into an abnormal state. The woman in that state was really terrible - she could not hear any voice from the reality, just like a room suddenly cut off from water and electricity. The duration of this state is not long - about only ten minutes - but the time in that state seems to be very long.<br /> The wife was diagnosed as &quot;brain dysplasia&quot; after various examinations in the hospital. He wondered, &quot;Why did she get this disease?&quot; The doctor explained that the disease was mainly caused by impaired development of the nervous system. The answer left him totally confused. The doctor further explained that there are congenital and acquired causes of this disease. If the child's parents have a family genetic history, or have been addicted to alcohol for a long time, or have been exposed to harmful substances and radiation, or under the side effects of drugs, it may cause brain hypoplasia of the baby; If the mother suffers from diseases such as diabetes during pregnancy, premature infants suffer from asphyxia and hypoxia during birth, and the child suffers from encephalitis or hypoglycemia, it may also lead to brain hypoplasia. The doctor told him to keep an eye on his wife's health, because the attack of this disease is irregular. People with this disease have significantly lower intelligence than their peers, and poor mobility.<br /> <br /> Superficially, she was quite normal, however, in some certain time, she seemed to be hit by a magic stick, and just immediately being abnormal. The woman in that state was really terrible - she could not hear any voice from the reality, just like a room suddenly cut off from water and electricity. The duration of the state is not long - about only ten minutes - but the time in that state seems to be very long.<br /> The wife was diagnosed as &quot;brain dysplasia&quot; after various examinations in the hospital. He wondered, &quot;Why did she get this disease?&quot; The doctor explained that the disease was mainly caused by impaired development of the nervous system. The answer left him totally confused. The doctor further explained that there are congenital and acquired causes of this disease. If the child's parents have a family genetic history, or have been addicted to alcohol for a long time, or have been exposed to harmful substances and radiation, or under the side effects of drugs, it may cause brain hypoplasia of the baby; If the mother suffers from diseases such as diabetes during pregnancy, premature infants suffer from asphyxia and hypoxia during birth, and the child suffers from encephalitis or hypoglycemia, it may also lead to brain hypoplasia. The doctor told him to keep an eye on his wife's health, because the attack of this disease is irregular. People with this disease have significantly lower intelligence than their peers, and poor mobility.<br /> <br /> ==== 张思诗 Zhang Sishi====<br /> <br /> 为了给老婆治病，他去了英德、清远和广州，甚至还去了北京——他多么渴望专家和名医能妙手回春。然而，老婆的病情并没有明显好转，而家里已经贴出去了10多万。现在，老婆每个月都要去广州看病，医药费在500元左右。已经上高中的女儿，每个月的伙食费和零用钱要1000元。他是这个家的主要劳动力，总在绞尽脑汁地想挣钱的法子。<br /> 2019年的上半年，他上山砍麻竹笋，卖了1万多元；下半年时，他又出门打零工，挣了6000多元。从10月份开始，在扶贫干部的介绍下，他当了村里的护林员，每个月有3000元的工资。护林员干三天休一天，每天工作8小时，主要是巡山和巡河。虽然这个职位只给有劳动力的贫困户，但也要试用3个月。“要有责任心，认真干，才能继续签约。”<br /> <br /> In order to cure his wife, he went to Yingde, Qingyuan and Guangzhou, and even to Beijing - how he longed for a miracle cure from experts or famous doctors. However, his wife's condition has not improved significantly, and the family has already posted out more than 100,000 yuan. Now, his wife has to go to Guangzhou every month to see a doctor, and her medical bills are around 500 yuan every time. His daughter, who is already in high school, spends 1,000 yuan a month on food and pocket money. He is the main labourer of the family and is always racking his brains to think of ways to earn money.<br /> In the first half of 2019, he went up to the mountains to cut mahogany bamboo shoots and sold them for more than 10,000 yuan; in the second half of the year, he went out to do odd jobs and earned more than 6,000 yuan. From October, he was introduced by poverty alleviation cadres to work as a village forest ranger, with a monthly salary of 3,000 yuan. The ranger works three days off and eight hours a day, mainly patrolling mountains and rivers. Although the position is only given to poor households with labour, it is a three-month probationary period. &quot;You have to be responsible and work hard to keep signing up.&quot;<br /> <br /> In order to cure his wife, he has been to Yingde, Qingyuan and Guangzhou, and even to Beijing - how he longed for a miracle cure from experts. However, his wife's condition was not improved significantly, but the family has already posted out more than 100,000 yuan. Now, his wife has to go to Guangzhou every month to see a doctor, and her medical bills are around 500 yuan each time. His daughter, who is already in high school, spends 1,000 yuan a month on food and pocket money. Therefore, he is the main labour force in the family and is always racking his brains to think of ways to earn money.<br /> In the first half of 2019, he went up to the mountains to cut mahogany bamboo shoots and sold them for more than 10,000 yuan; in the second half of the year, he went out to do odd jobs and earned more than 6,000 yuan. In October, he was introduced by poverty alleviation cadres to work as a village forest ranger, with a monthly salary of 3,000 yuan. The ranger works three days off and eight hours a day, mainly patrolling mountains and rivers. Although the position is only given to poor households who can work, there is a three-month probationary period. &quot;You have to be responsible and work hard to keep signing up.&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== 张婷 Zhang Ting====<br /> <br /> 作为低保户，他家每个月有750元的补助，加上老婆的350元残疾补助，共1100元。以前，他住的是泥土房，因年久失修，墙角都泛起了黑色，显得岌岌可危。现在，他住的是红砖房。这房子是2017年建起来的：两房一厅。刷着黄油漆的木窗上镶嵌着明亮的玻璃，卧室的床上撑起白色的蚊帐，客厅里摆着长木椅和石板茶几，柜子上放着电视和洗碗机。他家还有电水壶、电饭煲、电磁炉、高压锅、煤气灶，和城里人的厨房不相上下。这栋房子政府补助了4万元，而他只掏了几千块。“如果没有补助，我是根本没有能力建房的！”他如此坦言。<br /> <br /> As a low-income household, his family receives a monthly allowance of 750 yuan, which is 1100 yuan in total, plusing his wife's 350 yuan disability allowance. In the past, he had lived in a house made of mud, the corners of which were blackened and looked precarious due to years of disrepair. Now, he lives in a red brick house. The house was built in 2017: with two rooms and a hall. The yellow-painted wooden windows are set with bright glass, the bed in the bedroom is propped up with a white mosquito net, the living room has a long wooden chair and a slate coffee table, and a TV and dishwasher are on the counter. There are also an electric kettle, electric rice cooker, induction cooker, pressure cooker, gas stove, even the city people's kitchen is comparable. The house was subsidized by the government for 40,000 yuan, and he only shelled out a few thousand. &quot;Without the subsidy, I would not have been able to build the house at all!&quot; He says so frankly.<br /> <br /> ==== 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 傍晚时分，当你来到丘冲村小组时，整个村庄已陷入到一种浓黑的色调中。虽然也有从窗户里渗出的灯光，但因周边的黑暗面积实在辽阔，故而那些灯光像星星一样微弱。当车停下来后，<br /> 你简直迈不开脚步——所有的事物都显得影影绰绰，你不知该朝哪个方向走。你早已习惯了被路灯簇拥的生活，哪里见过这样如墨汁般的浓黑！突然间，在你的身旁亮起了一束光！原来，是陪你来的扶贫干部打开了手电筒。<br /> <br /> When arriving at Qiuchong village, you’d find the whole village was shrouded in a deep black hue. Against the boundless darkness, the light filtering from windows was as faint as distant starlight. When the car stopped, you could even not move one more step, not knowing where to go, for everything blurred with the overlapping shadows. You have been used to the life surrounded by street lamps. How can you see such inky black！Suddenly, a beam of light came to you. It turned out to be the flashlight from the poverty-alleviation cadre who accompanied you.<br /> <br /> In the evening, when you arrived at the Qiuchong village, the whole village has fallen into a deep black hue. Against the boundless darkness, the light filtering from windows was as faint as distant starlight. When the car stopped, not knowing wherr to go, you could not even move one more step, for everything blurred with the overlapping shadows. You have been used to the life surrounded by street lamps without seeing such inky black. Suddenly, there was a light around you. It turned out that the poverty alleviation cadre who accompanied you turned on the flashlight.<br /> <br /> ==== 周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan ====<br /> <br /> 哦，手电筒！你大约有30多年没有见过它了！手电筒里射出的黄色光晕，让你看到脚下是一片草地，而在草地的前方，是两排房子——左边的低矮些，右边的高大些。突然，扶贫干部紧张地说：“你等一下。”他快步走到前面，将手电筒像机枪一样在草地上扫射了一番，好像是在寻找什么。当他返回来时，口气软了很多：“没有狗！”原来，村里的狗都是不拴链子的！你踩在草丛上的脚步显得趔趔趄趄——你已忘记了最后一次从乡村夜晚走过是哪一年。<br /> 陆社来一家正在厨房里吃饭。昏暗的灯光下，房间逼仄。你看到了一张小饭桌，还看到了黄泥墙壁被熏得发黑，以及塑料桶、塑料盆、塑料勺都塞着长条柜子里，灶上的铁锅敞开着，墙角是一堆木柴。这个场景有股泥土般的粗糙感，令你心尖一颤。你感觉自己好像在哪里见过一般——哦，梵高的油画《吃马铃薯的人》，描述的就是这样一个晚餐的场景。只是，在那幅画的焦点，是吊挂在房梁上的灯。然而，那种画家用粗拙遒劲的笔触所描绘的布满皱纹的面孔、瘦骨嶙峋的躯体，和眼前这场景却十分相似。<br /> <br /> Oh, the flashlight! You haven’t seen it in over 30 years! With the yellow light from the flashlight, you saw a meadow at your feet, and in front of it were two rows of houses -- the lower one on the left, and the higher one on the right. Suddenly, the poverty alleviation cadres stopped you. He hurried to the front and shined the light all over the grass as if he were looking for something. When he come back, he said with relief that there was no dog ahead. It turned out that all the dogs in the village are off leash. Staggering on the grass, you tried to remember the last time you walked through the country at night. Lu Shelai’s family were having dinner in the kitchen. In the dim light, you could see a small dinning table, the mud walls blackened with smoke, plastic buckets, pots and spoons stuffed into long cabinets, an open iron pan on the stove and a pile of firewood in the cramped room. There was an earthy roughness to the scene that made you touched. And you felt like you have seen this scene before. You recognized that Van Gogh’s painting Potato Eaters depicted the scene of having dinner. Although the highlight of the painting is the lamp hanging from the rafters, the wrinkled face and the bony body depicted by the artist are very similar to this scene.<br /> <br /> ==== 周子豪 Zhou Zihao====<br /> <br /> 67岁的陆社来身材干瘦，头发灰白且稀少，皮肤棕黄而发黑，双眼洞黑，脸颊处的肌肉像是被剔掉般深陷，套在身上的灰蓝色长袖T恤显得太过松垮，到处都是皱褶。在他身后的木板上，放着香烟、订书机、擦脸油和几瓶药——他是个肺心病患者。他们一家住在厨房对面的房子里——在璀璨的灯光下，一块块红砖清晰地散发着光芒，还有明黄色的木桌和木凳。灯光好像有一种神奇的效果——在厨房里表现出的那些枯燥，在砖房里全都被一一地捋平了。陆社来家只有1亩地，租出去后一年的租金是1000元。为补贴家用，他便到山上去砍木头——年近七旬，他的力气比不过年轻人，砍下来的木头只能卖1000元左右。两个儿子已正式分家——他和老伴跟着大儿子过。三个人每月有750元的低保补助，加上他和老伴的340元老人金，日子还算过得去。<br /> <br /> Sixty-seven-year-old Lu Shelai was so frail, his hair pale, brown skin darkened, eyes cavernous, his cheek shrivelled so badly as if it was pared away, that the creasy grayish-blue T-shirt on him was always sloppy. On the plank behind him laid cigerattes, a staple, some ointment, and some bottles of medicine—he got pulmonary heart disease. He with his family lived in a room opposite to the kitchen—under the shining lights the red bricks was clearly glistening and the bright yellowness of the wooden desks and chairs was luminated as well. It seemed that lights have cast a spell for the effect of which all the dullness in the kitchen subsided in the brick room. The rentage of this 1-Mu house is 1000 yuan per year. To make a living Lu chops firewood in the moutain. As an old man he is much less stronge than the young men and can only make 1000 yuan for the wood he chops. His two other son moved out, now it is only his wife and oldest son live with him. With the monthly subsidy of 750 yuan added by the couple's annuity of 340 yuan, they can barely get by.<br /> <br /> ==== 庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====<br /> <br /> 你在这个家的厨房里看到了小儿子：身材魁梧，声音洪亮。他也已成家有子，原本在广州开泥头车，“一个月挣5000元，但很辛苦。”这个男人像一座黝黑的铁塔，浑身都散发着一种刚强的力量，让这个空间有了丰富感和饱满感。他对自己的现状颇为不满，但又没什么更好的办法。过几天，他要到100公里之外的地方去打工，“挣些辛苦钱”。眼瞅着父母年老体衰，而自己的孩子也要抚养，他觉得肩头的担子一点都不轻。<br /> 城市就像个黑洞，把农村的青壮年全部都吸走了。和过去那种祖孙三代同时劳作在田间的场景完全不同，现在的乡村显得凋敝而荒凉，人气极为不旺。像陆社来的小儿子这样，被迫到外地打工的人在村里很多。事实上，如果乡村有更多的发展机会，他们更愿意留在家乡发展。</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Lingnan_Englisch_2&diff=150210 Lingnan Englisch 2 2022-11-16T09:50:32Z <p>Li Hong: /* 李鸿 Li Hong */</p> <hr /> <div>====白婷 Bai Ting====<br /> <br /> 这两年，连樟村的变化是实实在在的——村民们的房子差不多都翻修一新；村里的泥巴路全都变成了硬底的水泥路；路灯从山脚下一直亮到村中央；文化中心、体育广场和星级厕所也建了起来；村里的水、电、网络通讯等基础设施也得到了完善。你来到了这个村的村委办公室——那是栋单独的小楼，白色与棕红色相间的墙面看着很普通，但那块牌匾却格外醒目：“连樟村党群服务中心”。 一楼的大厅宽敞而整洁，柜台上可以办理各种事物，而那台由清远市政务服务数据管理局赠送的机器——政务服务一体机——则让村民们大开眼界。只要刷一下身份证，就能在机子上办理6大类、100多项业务。有了这台机器，村民们再也不用到40公里外的市区去办事。在二楼的墙面上，贴着一行大字——“产业兴旺 生态宜居 乡风文明 治理有效 生活富裕”。<br /> 每天早上6点半，当校车准时停靠在连樟村的村口时，村民陆奕标和女儿都会准时地出现在那里。看到孩子上车后，父亲便挥挥手。女儿要去的学校在10公里之外。“以前没有校车，孩子上学可是个大难题。”现在，校车穿过平坦的柏油路来到村里，解决了家长们的最大难题。除了平安校车外，英德市还通过保险功能与扶贫工作相结合的方式，在医疗住房、交通教育等方面进行补充保险，为建档立卡贫困户提供全面保障。<br /> <br /> The past two years have seen real changes in Lianzhang Village—— the renovated villagers' houses, the hard-bottom cement roads which used to be mud roads, the street lamps being luminous from the foot of the hill to the middle of the village, the new-built cultural centers, sports plazas, and star toilets, and the improved infrastructure such as water, electricity and Internet communication in the village. When reaching the village committee office, you'll find it's a separate small building with white and brown-red walls looking ordinary, on which hangs a particularly striking plaque: &quot;Lianzhang Village Party Mass Service Center.&quot; The hall on the first floor is spacious and clean, and all kinds of things can be handled on the counter. The machine, given as a gift by the Qingyuan Government Affairs Service Data Administration Bureau, is an eye-opener for the villagers. Swiping your ID card, you can handle more than 100 businesses of 6 categories on the machine, with which villagers dispense with the traveling of 40 kilometers to the city to run errands. An extensive line of words is on the second floor's wall—— &quot;Industrial prosperity, ecological livability, rural civilization, effective governance, and prosperous living.&quot; At 6:30 every morning, when the school bus stops at the entrance of Lianzhang Village, Lu Yibiao and his daughter will be there on time. Lu waved when he saw his child get on the bus. The school that his daughter is going to is 10 kilometers away. &quot;There was no school bus before, which was a big problem for children to go to school.&quot; Now, the school bus comes through the flat asphalt road to the village, solving the most significant problem afflicting parents. In addition to the safe school bus, Yingde City has provided supplementary insurance in medical housing, transportation education, and other aspects through the combination of insurance functions and poverty alleviation work to offer comprehensive protection to poor households with filed cards.<br /> <br /> The past two years have seen real changes in Lianzhang Village—— the renovated villagers' houses, the hard-bottom cement roads which used to be mud roads, the street lamps being luminous from the foot of the hill to the middle of the village, the new-built cultural centers, sports plazas, and star toilets, and the improved infrastructure such as water, electricity and Internet communication in the village. When reaching the village committee office, you'll find it's a separate small building with white and brown-red walls looking ordinary, on which hangs a particularly striking plaque: &quot;Lianzhang Village Party Mass Service Center.&quot; The hall on the first floor is spacious and clean, and all kinds of things can be handled on the counter. The machine—— an all-in-one government service machine, given as a gift by the Qingyuan Government Affairs Service Data Administration Bureau, is an eye-opener for the villagers. Swiping your ID card, you can handle more than 100 businesses of 6 categories on the machine, with which villagers dispense with the traveling of 40 kilometers to the city to run errands. An extensive line of words is on the second floor's wall—— &quot;Industrial prosperity, ecological livability, rural civilization, effective governance, and prosperous living.&quot; At 6:30 every morning, when the school bus stops at the entrance of Lianzhang Village on time, Lu Yibiao and his daughter will be there on time. Lu waved when he saw his child get on the bus. The school that his daughter is going to is 10 kilometers away. &quot;There was no school bus before, which was a big problem for children to go to school.&quot; Now, the school bus comes through the flat asphalt road to the village, solving the most significant problem afflicting parents. In addition to the safe school bus, Yingde City has provided supplementary insurance in medical housing, transportation education, and other aspects through the combination of insurance functions and poverty alleviation work to offer comprehensive protection to poor households with filed cards.<br /> <br /> ==== 蔡思 Cai Si====<br /> <br /> 随着精准扶贫政策的覆盖，村里那个闲置的校舍被改造成扶贫玩具车间，让村民们有了“不用出门便可打工”的机会。总投资约4000万元的碧桂园现代农业科技示范园，新建70多亩大棚，定制樱桃番茄、美月西瓜、哈密瓜等多个果蔬品种。这个示范园采用的是世界领先的温室环境控制及水肥一体化系统，对整个粤北区域现代设施农业都有带动作用，还可促进产业结构优化升级，产业与农户利益联结。村民因土地流转而获得一部分收益，还可进入示范园务工，完成从农民向产业工人，再向小股东的转变。2017年，这个基地卖出蔬菜5万多斤，收入8.6万多元。在基地种植及务工的12户贫困户，户均增收近5000元；村里还发展了1500亩金桔水果等种植项目，17个村小组的300多户农家参与；村里还建设起茶产业深加工高科技示范园，力促主导产业先行发展。<br /> 村民丘慧玲和丈夫一直在外地打工。听说了国家的扶贫政策后，便商量着回村发展。2019年，丈夫在家里种了500棵砂糖橘，而妻子就在碧桂园农业科技园上班，日子过得有滋有味；陆长标是一名“80后”。当他从广州回到家乡后，种植了100多亩的当地农特产马古（益肾子）。他显得干劲十足：“现在的变化是以前无法想象的。这里是生我养我的地方，我觉得回到家里来能创一番事业。”<br /> <br /> With the coverage of targeted poverty alleviation policies, the idle schoolhouse in the village has been transformed into a poverty alleviation toy workshop, giving villagers the opportunity to &quot;work without going out&quot;. With a total investment of about 40 million yuan, Country Garden Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration Park has built more than 70 acres of greenhouses to customize cherry tomatoes, Meiyue watermelons, cantaloupe and other fruit and vegetable varieties. This demonstration park adopts the world-leading greenhouse environmental control and water and fertilizer integration system, which has a driving effect on modern facility agriculture in the entire northern Guangdong region, and can also promote the industrial structure optimization and upgrading and benefits-linking of industries with peasant households. Villagers who receive part of the income from land transfer and can also work in demonstration parks to complete the transformation from farmers to industrial workers and then to small shareholders. In 2017, this base sold more than 25,000kg of vegetables and earned more than 86,000 yuan. The average income of the 12 poor households who planting and working in the base increased by nearly 5,000 yuan; The village has also developed 1,500 mu of kumquat fruit planting projects, with the participation of more than 300 farming families in 17 village groups; The village has also built a high-tech demonstration park for deep processing of the tea industry to vigorously promote the pioneering development of leading industries. Villager Qiu Huiling and her husband have been working in other places. After hearing about the country's poverty alleviation policy, they discussed returning to the village for development. In 2019, the husband planted 500 Sugar oranges, while the wife worked in the Country Garden Agricultural Science and Technology Park, life goes by well; Lu Changbiao is a &quot;post-80s&quot;, when he returned to his hometown from Guangzhou, he planted More than 100 acres of local agricultural specialty Magu (Yishenzi). He looked motivated: &quot;The changes now are unimaginable before. This is where I was born and raised, and I think I can hew out a career if I came back home.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====陈婧 Chen Jing====<br /> <br /> 花生<br /> Peanuts<br /> <br /> 在种植了水稻之后，每一户连樟村的村民还会再种植花生，因为花生可以榨油，而大米和清油则是生活的必需品。花生长在地里时看起来很平常，模样像辣椒或茄子那般。然而，当你用力拽着绿色枝干往上拔后，便会看到根须上连缀着一颗颗圆乎乎的宝贝——花生！连樟村的花生个头并不大——只比绿豆稍微大一点——但却格外饱满。<br /> <br /> After planting the rice seedlings, villagers of every household in Lianzhang Village would plant peanuts again, because peanuts can produce oil, and both rice and vegetable oil are the necessities in life. When peanuts grow in earth, its branches and leaves look ordinary, just like the ones of peppers or eggplants. But when you tug the green branches upward, you’ll see a lot of chubby babies attaching to the roots--peanuts. Peanuts in Lianzhang Village are not too big—only slightly bigger than green beans—extraordinarily plump though.<br /> <br /> 在连江口镇临街的铺面上，有很多榨油的小作坊。那些白色的塑料桶中，装的就是花生油——金黄色看着让人格外欣喜。在每一个桶上都用黑色的笔写着姓氏——或者是“朱”，或者是“陈”。<br /> <br /> Among the shops on the streets of Lianjiangkou Town, many of them are small workshops for oil extraction. What fills up those white plastic barrels is peanut oil—with a delightful golden color. On each barrel is written in black pen with the surname - either &quot;Zhu&quot; or &quot;Chen&quot;.<br /> <br /> 卢新发已快50岁了，可笑起来的时候还很腼腆。坐在油坊门前，他正安静地等待着。透过身上那红蓝白相间的短袖T恤、黑裤子和黑鞋能看出，他身量不高，格外精瘦。他那裸露在外的胳膊虽然纤细，但双手却格外雄壮：掌幅宽阔、骨骼粗大、骨节明显。他的皮肤并不是特别黝黑，脸上也没有太多的皱纹，五官显得相当清秀，然而，他的双眼和两颊都深深地凹陷了下去，令你大惊——他实在是瘦得有些过分。那奇怪的是，你好像在哪里见过他。陡然间，你想起了那个89岁的老太太。哦，这个小儿子和母亲长得确实很像。<br /> <br /> Although Lu Xinfa is almost 50 years old, he still looks coy when he smiles. Sitting in front of the oil shop, he is quietly waiting. Even through his red-blue-and-white short-sleeved T-shirt, his black pants and his black shoes, we can tell that he is not tall and very lean. His bare arms are slender, but his hands are particularly strong: broad palms, thick bones and pronounced joints. His skin is not very dark, and his face don’t have too many wrinkles and his features are quite fine. However, his eyes and cheeks are so deeply sunken that you would be shocked—he is indeed unduly thin. Well, it is strange that you seem to have seen him somewhere. Suddenly, the 89-year-old woman comes into your mind. Oh, the younger son does look after his mother.<br /> <br /> ====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====<br /> <br /> 榨油坊的店主是个胳膊浑圆的小伙子，穿着黑色T恤衫和牛仔裤——你发现，在城里相当普及的牛仔裤，连樟村人却很少穿——拎着一瓶矿泉水递给他的客人，并将碗里炒熟的花生也塞了过来。卢新发从那堆黄白相间的珍珠中捻起一粒，丢进嘴里，细细品味。嗯！刚炒出来的花生就是香！这是个多么惬意的过程——春天，他在自己那仅有的1亩地里播种，秋天，他如期收获。他带着那些宝贝来到镇上，看着它们在被蒸熟炒干后炸成金黄色的液体。在家里炒菜时，他往铁锅里倒油时内心很是笃定——他全程参与了花生油的制作过程——这油绝对环保。<br /> <br /> The owner of the oil-pressing mill is a rotund-armed man, in a black T-shirt and a piece of jeans–- the kind of jeans you'll find so common in the city, but the people in Lianzhang Village seldom wear them. He took a bottle of mineral water and handed it to his customer, also a bowl stuffed with fried peanuts. Lu Xinfa, the customer, picked one from the pearl-like yellow -and－white peanuts, tossed it to his mouth and savored it. &quot;Well, the freshly fried peanuts are relly tasty!&quot; It is a very satisfactory process——in spring, he sowed the peanuts in the mere one acre farmland; in autumn, he had a good harvest of them as scheduled. Then, he took the treasure-like peanuts to the town, seeing them to be steamed, fried and finally pressed as golden liquid. While he was cooking at home, expecially pouring the oil into the iron wok, he felt at ease——because he participated in the whole process of making the peanut oil, so it was environment-friendly.<br /> <br /> ==== 陈思阳 Chen Siyang====<br /> <br /> 炸花生油的过程并不复杂——将花生从袋里倒进竹筐中，再被搬到大秤上，电子屏幕即刻显现出重量。店家将那个数字报给顾客后，顾客点头表示认可。花生先放在一个半米高的粗壮木桶——连樟村的木匠陆奕罗十分擅长做这种圆木桶——蒸到半熟后，再将花生放进大铁锅中炒干——那铁锅不是一般的家用铁锅，而是在锅的上方安装了一个装置，能让铁铲状的物体在大锅里旋转，自动翻炒锅内的花生。炒熟的花生从灶台侧旁的闸口倾泻而出，全部落入大箩筐中。将花生倒入榨油机后，能看到一个神奇的分离过程——机器前端的口中会吐出一些渣滓，像一片片揉皱的纸张，又像一片片削下来的鱼肉，灰白色中暗含着许多棕黄色的小颗粒；机器侧旁的口中流出的液体，刚好被一个大铁桶接住。那液体里混合着土黄色的碎渣和白色泡沫。这些液体要经过沉淀和过滤后，才会变成金黄色的花生油。<br /> <br /> The process of frying peanut oil is not complicated -- the peanuts are poured from a bag into a bamboo basket and then moved to a large scale, where the weight is instantly displayed on an electronic screen. The customer nodded in approval after the shopkeeper gave the number to him. The peanuts are first placed in stout wooden buckets half a meter high -- the kind Lu Yiluo, a carpenter in Lianzhang village, specializes in making -- and then steamed half-cooked before they are fried in a large iron wok -- not an ordinary household iron pot, but a device above the wok that allows a shovel-like object to rotate in the wok and automatically stir the peanuts inside. Fried peanuts poured out of a gate at the side of the stove and fell into a large basket. When the peanuts are poured into the oil press, you can see a magical separation process -- the mouth at the front of the machine will spit out some droppings, like pieces of crumped paper, like pieces of fish, gray and white with a lot of brown and yellow particles; The liquid coming out of the mouth at the side of the machine was caught by a large iron barrel. The liquid was a mixture of earthy crumbs and white foam. The liquid has to be precipitated and filtered before it turns into golden peanut oil.<br /> <br /> ====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====<br /> <br /> 你发现连樟村人过的生活是属于诗歌的——充满了抒情意味；而更多的人过的生活是属于小说的——充满了悬疑意味。城里人可以轻易地从超市买来一桶油——无论是花生油、菜籽油或色拉油——但他不知道这桶油的原料生长在哪个地区的哪块土地上，种植作物的人长得什么模样，作物在生长过程中受到了怎样的风霜雨雪……不，这个漫长的过程对他来讲全都是空白。现代化的生活将他浓缩成一个简单的消费者，在超市的出口处掏出手机一刷，便成为了那桶油的主人。然而，在他和那桶油之间，却充满了各种悬疑。于是，小说家诞生了。小说家是一种特殊的职业——当他洞悉到人们内心充满了疑惑后，便决心为这些疑惑寻找答案。只有在现代生活中才会诞生小说家，而在传统生活里，到处都拥挤着诗人。<br /> <br /> You’ll find that the life that villagers of Lianzhang village live belongs to poetry -- full of lyrical meaning; but the life of more villagers belongs to fiction -- full of suspense. It’s quite easy for a city dweller to buy a bucket of oil from the supermarket -- peanut oil, canola oil, or salad oil -- but he won’t know which region and which part of soil the oil is made from, what the farmers growing them look like, what kind of terrible weather the crops experience during the growth...... No, for him, this long process is just a blank space. Modern life has condensed him into a simple consumer. He just needs to swipe his mobile phone at the supermarket exit, then he becomes the owner of the barrel of oil. Between him and that barrel, however, there’s a lot of suspense. As such, “the novelist” was born. It’s a special career -- when he realizes that people are full of doubts in their hearts, he is determined to find answers to those doubts. It is only in modern life that novelists are born, but poets are everywhere in traditional life.<br /> <br /> You’ll find that the life that villagers of Lianzhang village live is poetic-- which is full of lyrical meaning; while the life of more ordinary people is fictional-- which is full of suspense. It’s quite easy for a city dweller to buy a bucket of oil from the supermarket -- whether peanut oil, canola oil, or salad oil -- but he doesn’t know where and on which land the raw materials of the barrel of oil are grown, or what the farmers growing the crops look like, or what kind of terrible weather the crops experience during their growth...... No, this long process is all blank for him. Modernized life has condensed him into a simple consumer. He just needs to swipe his mobile phone at the supermarket exit, then he becomes the owner of the barrel of oil. However, there’s all kinds of suspense between the barrel of oil and him. As such, “the novelist” has emerged. It’s a special career -- when a novelist realizes that people are full of doubts in their hearts, he is determined to find answers to those doubts. It is only in the modern life that novelists will emerge, while the traditional life is full of poets everywhere.<br /> <br /> == Part 9 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 丁粤 Ding Yue====<br /> <br /> <br /> 针蜂<br /> <br /> The needle wasp<br /> <br /> 针蜂又叫果实蝇，外形与苍蝇类似，但要比苍蝇小，全身是金黄色的，但却带有黑色斑纹。针蜂繁殖迅速，对水果的危害很大，被称为水果的“头号杀手”——成虫会将卵产在果实内部，而幼虫便在内部蛀食，造成果实腐烂和落果。鹰嘴桃的口感甘甜而多汁，爽脆而可口，是广东省内比较好吃的水果之一，含有多种氨基酸、维生素、粗纤维及微量元素，可滋润肠胃，防治缺铁性贫血。这种水果对女性有着独一无二的作用——可补益气血，养阴生津。鹰嘴桃的产量极低，一年中只有15到20天的品尝期。鹰嘴桃对产地极为挑剔，只有在粤北地区种植的鹰嘴桃才算得上是正宗，而清远产的鹰嘴桃，可谓“仅有一处，别无二家”。<br /> <br /> The needle wasp, also known as the fruit fly, is similar in appearance to the fly. But it is smaller than the fly. Its whole body is golden yellow with black markings. The needle wasp multiply rapidly and are very harmful to fruits, so it is called as the “number one killer”of fruits——the adult insect lay their eggs inside the fruit, and the larva eat the fruit from inside, causing the fruit rot and fruit drop. The olecranon peach tastes sweet and juicy, crisp and delicious, so it is one of the relatively delicious fruits in Guangdong Province. It contains a variety of amino acids, vitamins, crude fibers and trace elements. And it can nourish the intestines and stomach, prevent and treat iron deficiency anemia. This fruit has a unique effect on women——it can replenish the qi and blood, and nourish the yin and promote fluid production. The yield of the olecrano peach is extremely low, with a tasting period of only 15 to 20 days in a year. The olecrano peach is extremely picky about its production place. Only those olecrano peaches grown in northern Guangdong are considered authentic, and those produced in Qingyuan can be called as “the best of its kind”.<br /> <br /> ====付静 Fu Jing====<br /> <br /> 在2015年之前，卢新发还不知道针蜂的厉害。这一年，他栽种了300棵鹰嘴桃，满心满意地期待桃子能带一笔收入。然而，等桃子挂果要成熟时，他却发现果子一个个掉在了地上。原来，有种害虫叫针蜂，特别喜欢吃甜的东西。当果子被针蜂刺过后，便会溃烂和落果。从那个时候起，卢新发便开始留意与针蜂有关的知识，总结了不少与之斗争的经验。<br /> <br /> Lu Xinfa had no idea about how harmful the fruit flies could be until 2015, the year when he planted 300 hawk billed peaches and was full of hope for a certain income that those peaches would bring, only to find that the fruits to mature fell to the ground one by one. It turns out that there is a kind of pest called the fruit fly (Coquillett), who likes to eat sweet things. When the fruit is pricked by the needle of the fruit fly, it will rot and drop. From then on, Mr. Lu began to pay attention to the knowledge related to the fruit flies and summarized a lot of experience in fighting against them. <br /> <br /> <br /> 其实，灭杀针蜂可以从不同方面入手——可以破坏针蜂的越冬场所。针蜂冬季会寄生在落果、树下土壤和枯树皮上。在秋季清园时，一定要清理落果、枯树皮和深翻土壤。冬季要灌水2至3次，并撒上生石灰，可消灭幼虫；在针蜂高峰期时，可在1亩果园中悬挂5个诱笼来诱杀雄虫，以此降低园内的虫源基数；还可根据针蜂生长发育的不同阶段，选择喷药。如果在针蜂成虫时喷药，效果最佳；针蜂一般在上午8点至10点，下午4点至7点间活动，也可在这两个时间段内喷药；针蜂喜欢在成熟的黄色果实上产卵，故而，还可用黄色粘板来诱捕成虫；还可以对水果进行套袋，保护果实不被针蜂危害。套袋要从幼果期就开始，带口必须扎紧。<br /> <br /> <br /> In fact, the fruit flies can be killed in different ways. The first one is to destroy their overwinter sites. In winter, the flies will parasitize on fallen fruits, the soil under trees and the dead bark of trees. Therefore, during the garden clearance in autumn, it must be ensured that fallen fruits and dead tree bark have been cleared away and the land has been ploughed deeply. Besides,it is necessary to irrigate for two to three times and sprinkle quicklime in winter to kill the larvas. What is more, during the generation peak of fruit flies, five traps can be hung in an orchard of one mu to trap and kill males, so as to reduce the number of insect sources in the orchard. Spraying pesticide according to the growth stages of the pest can be another choice. The best effect would be achieved if spraying is finished at adult stage, or pesticide can also be sprayed during two periods from 8:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. and from 4:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m., since the fruit flies usually have activities then. What is more, yellow sticky plates can be used to trap adult flies since they like to lay eggs on mature yellow fruits. Last but not least, to protect fruits from being harmed by the insects, bagging fruits from the early development stage also works, but the mouth of bags should be fastened.<br /> <br /> ==== 高燕 Gao Yan====<br /> <br /> 作为陆伙秋的小儿子，卢新发因身体有病，无法出门打工，所以便寻思着怎么在家门口挣点钱。看到隔壁村的人种鹰嘴桃的收入不错，他便动了心思。而现在，他却又皱起了眉头：“可能还是管理不到位，防治不及时吧。”种桃树不像表面看起来那么简单，实际上却异常复杂。乍一看，只是果子从树上落下来，但若细细推理，却发现有很多可疑之处都能导致那个结果。卢新发终于明白，他总结的那些防治措施，根本是“冰山一角”——这种害虫十分狡猾，各地的地形和气候也各不相同，所以到目前为止，并没有一个特别好的办法能让灾情彻底治愈。他盼望村里如果能派个技术员来，留下联系方式就好了，“要不，那些桃树就白栽了。”<br /> <br /> <br /> As the youngest son of Liuhuoqiu, Lu Xinfa was unable to go out to work because of illness, so he wondered how to earn some money at home. Seeing that the income of planting chickpea in the next village was good，he also want to try to do the planting. Now he frowned and was confused, &quot;Maybe the management is not in place, and the prevention and treatment are not timely.&quot; Now he frowned.&quot; Maybe the management is not in place, and the prevention and treatment are not timely.&quot; At first glance, just the fruit fell from the tree. but if we carefully thought about it, there were many suspicious things that can lead to that result. Lu finally realized that the prevention measures he summarized are simply the &quot;tip of the iceberg&quot;-the pest is very cunning, and the terrain and climate are different from place to place, so far, there is no such a good way to completely cure the disaster. He hoped that the village could send a technician and leave his contact information.&quot; Otherwise, those peach trees will be planted in vain.&quot;<br /> <br /> <br /> As the youngest son of Liu Huoqiu, Lu Xinfa was unable to go out to work because of illness, so he wondered how to earn some money in his village. Seeing the favorable income of planting peach with a pointed end like the beak of eagle in the next village, he also wanted to try to do the same thing. Now, he thinks about that &quot;Maybe the management is not in place, and the prevention and treatment are not timely.&quot; with a puzzled frown. Planting peach is not as simple as it looks, but it is actually very complicated. At the first glance, the fruit fell from the tree, but if we carefully thought about it, there were many suspicious things that can lead to that result. Lu finally realized that the prevention measures he summarized were simply &quot;a tip of the iceberg&quot;. The pest is very cunning, and so far, there is no such a good way to completely cure this disaster, due to different terrain and climate from place to place. He hoped that the village could send an expert and leave his contact information. &quot;Otherwise, those peach trees will be planted in vain.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====关娜 Guan Na====<br /> <br /> 2012年对他来说是难忘的——所有的事情都挤成了一堆。这一年，他老爸生病，医药费花了4万块，把家里的老底快掏空了；也是这一年，大女儿上大学的费用是2万，小女儿上中学的费用是1万，他感觉家里彻底变得空空荡荡；也是这一年，他家的房子建了起来，共花费11万——虽然有政府补助的3万块，但他还是不得不问亲戚们借了5万块。那之后的连续几年，全家人省吃俭用，只为了还债。他家有1亩地，种了些水稻和花生，但却只够自己吃，根本卖不出钱来。他惭愧地说：“家里的主要收入是老婆在英德市打工的钱，每个月大约有2500元。”卢新发恨自己的身体不争气，干不了重活，眼瞅着老婆每天早出晚归，很是心疼。然而，从2016年开始，他家的日子便有了新变化。因为有了精准扶贫政策，小女儿每年能获得生活补助3000元，算是帮他解决了一个大难题，而他也在不断地动脑子，想着怎么能挣上钱，早一点甩掉穷帽子。<br /> <br /> <br /> The year 2012 was unforgettable for him where everything was crammed into one pile. In this year, his dad fell ill and spent 40,000 yuan on medical bills, which nearly emptied their family's savings; his elder daughter's tuition fees were 20,000 yuan and his younger daughter's tuition fees were 10,000 yuan. Then he felt that his family had become completely empty. In the same year, their house was built, which cost a total of 110,000 yuan. Although 30,000 of it was subsidized by the government policy, he still borrowed 50,000 yuan from his relatives. For several successive years after that, the family saved money to pay off their debts. Although his family had 1 mu of land which grew some rice and peanut, it was just enough to feed themselves and could not be sold for money at all. He was ashamed to say, &quot;The main income of the family came from his wife's salary in Yingde City, which was about 2,500 yuan a month.&quot; Lu Xinfa was sorry that his own body was not strong enough to do the heavy work, and that he saw his wife going out early and coming back at dusk. However, since 2016, his family had seen a change. Because of poverty alleviation, his younger daughter can get an annual living allowance of 3,000 yuan, solving a big problem. And he had been thinking about how he can earn money and get rid of his poverty hat earlier.<br /> <br /> ==== 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 谈起2019年，他的眼里闪着晶光——对这个家庭来说，最艰难的时刻已经熬了过去。这一年，学商务日文的大女儿已大学毕业并找到了工作，每月有3000元收入；也是这一年，小女儿考上幼儿师范学校，每月也能挣1500元；还是这一年，他通过“贫困贷款”贷了3万元，建起了一个农机维修站。虽然生意没有预想得那么好——上山砍柴的人少了，拖拉机出事故的概率也变少了——但只有在干的过程中才知道怎么干。他还琢磨着是不是可以搞个民宿或农庄？他家就在山路边，风景是极好的。他想抽空到附近镇里去搞个调查，看看别人的民宿是怎么搞的。无论怎样，总是要干起来。只有干，才有希望。<br /> <br /> == Part 10 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====<br /> <br /> 砂糖橘<br /> <br /> 在连樟村人看来，砂糖橘是一种“过去的”植物。事实上，植物由枝桠和影子共同组成——当植物的枝桠被砍断或烧毁后，它的影子却不会即刻消散，而会长久地徘徊在原来的地方。有影子的地方会弥漫着一种奇怪的香味——橘子树下便弥漫着橘子成熟时的香味。村人只要站在原来栽种橘子树的地方，便能闻到那种味道，便知道影子们还没有离去。<br /> 隆冬时节的英德市，天气还十分暖和。公路两边的小山坡上绿意盎然，大小果园里一片橘红色——那是清一色的砂糖橘。在你看来，砂糖橘不过是一种富含维生素C、钙、纤维质、少量蛋白质、脂肪及丰富的葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖的水果，然而，对连樟村人来说，砂糖橘就是黄金。当橘子树缀满果实时，村民们还没有被贫困所裹挟，还充满了各种幻想。然而，它来了——黄龙病！它不是一种病，而是一把世界上最闪亮的最锋利的刀。那把刀曾在锈钝中沉睡，然而，当它陡然醒来后，发出锃亮的光，干出的事让村民们大吃一惊——它一棵一棵地将橘子树全部砍断后，又把那些树干烧毁。<br /> <br /> sugar orange<br /> <br /> In Lianzhang village people's opinions, sugar orange is a plant in the old days. In fact, plants are made up of both branches and shadows -- and when a branch is cut or burned, the shadow would not immediately disappear, but lingers in its place for a long time. Where there are shadows, there is a strange smell -- the smell of ripening oranges under the orange trees. As long as the villagers stood where the orange trees had been planted, they could smell it and know that the shadows had not gone away. In the middle of winter in Yingde City, the weather is still very warm. The hills on either side of the road were green, and the orchards were orange -- a uniform color of sugar-orange. In your eyes, sugar orange is just a fruit rich in vitamin C, calcium, fiber, a little protein, fat and abundant glucose, fructose and sucrose. However, to the people of Lianzhang village, sugar orange is gold. When the orange trees are full of fruit, the villagers are not yet trapped by poverty, but full of fantasies. However, here it comes - Yellow dragon disease! It is not a disease, but the brightest and sharpest knife in the world. The knife had fallen asleep in a dull, rusty sleep, but when it woke up, shiny and bright, it surprised the villagers by cutting down all the orange trees, one by one, and then burning the trunks.<br /> <br /> sugar orange<br /> <br /> In the eyes of villagers in Lianzhang Village, sugar orange is a plant in the old days. This kind of plant is actually made up of both branches and shadows -- and when its branch is cut or burned, the shadow would not immediately disappear, but lingers in its place for a long time. Where there are shadows, there is a strange smell -- the smell of ripening oranges under the orange trees. As long as the villagers stood where the orange trees had been planted, they could smell it and know that the shadows had not gone away. In midwinter, the weather in Yingde city is still very warm. The hills on either side of the road were green, and the orchards were orange -- a uniform color of sugar-orange. In your view, sugar orange is just a fruit rich in vitamin C, calcium, fiber, a little protein, fat and abundant glucose, fructose and sucrose. However, to the people in Lianzhang village, sugar orange is gold. When the orange trees were full of fruits, the villagers were not yet trapped by poverty, but full of fantasies. However, here it came - Citrus yellow shoot! It is not a disease, but the brightest and sharpest knife in the world. The knife had fallen asleep in a dull, rusty sleep, but when it woke up, shiny and bright, it surprised the villagers by cutting down all the orange trees, one by one, and then burning the trunks.<br /> <br /> ==== 胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi====<br /> <br /> 关于砂糖橘怎么建园，怎么种植，密度多少合适，栽种后如何施肥……村民们心里一本账。每个人都有一堆关于吃橘子的经验——别把橘子上的白丝撕掉，那东西能通络化痰、顺气活血；别一天吃三个以上的橘子，对牙齿有害；吃橘子的同时不要吃萝卜，否则会诱发甲状腺肿；吃橘子时不能同时喝牛奶，否则会出现腹胀、腹痛、腹泻等症状……可惜，人们就是不知道黄龙病的厉害。一旦得上了这种病，不仅那棵树要被彻底毁掉，甚至连整片橘林也会被摧毁，一棵不留，因为黄龙病是传染的！最开始，人们发现树叶开始变黄，后来，那叶子便开始脱落，整个树冠会变得稀疏。过了一两年，整棵树便会逐渐枯死。所以，一旦发现树得了黄龙病，便要立即挖出，再集中烧毁，不能留下残桩。<br /> <br /> Villagers all know very well about how to build a plantation, how to cultivate sugar oranges, how to arrange the plant density and how to apply fertilizer rationally. Each of them is experienced in eating oranges--don’t tear out the tangerine pith, because it can dredge collaterals and dissipate phlegm and activate blood circulation and facilitate qi; Don't eat more than three oranges a day, which is bad for your teeth; Don't eat radish while eating oranges, or it will cause goiter; Don't drink milk at the same time when eating oranges, or you will have abdominal distension, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other symptoms. It is regrettable that people have no ideas about the Citrus yellow shoot. Once being infected by this disease, not only the single tree will be completely destroyed, but even the entire orange plantation will be spoiled. No one will remain, because this kind of disease is contagious. In the very beginning, villagers found that the leaves began turning yellow. Afterwards those leaves fell off and the whole tree crown became sparse. One or two years passed, the tree would gradually die.Therefore, once a tree is found to be suffering from the Citrus yellow shoot, it should be dug up immediately, and then burned in a centralized manner without stumps left.<br /> <br /> Villagers all know very well about how to build plantations, how to cultivate sugar oranges, how to arrange the density of plants and how to fertilize rationally. Each of them has their own ways to eat oranges--don’t tear out the tangerine pith, because it can dredge the channels and collaterals and dissipate phlegm and activate blood circulation; don't eat more than three oranges a day, which is bad for your teeth; don't eat radish while eating oranges, or it will cause goiter; don't drink milk when eating oranges, or you will have abdominal distension, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other symptoms. But people have no ideas about the Citrus yellow shoot. Once being infected by this disease, not only the single tree will be completely destroyed, but even the entire orange plantation will be spoiled. No single one will remain, because this kind of disease is contagious. In the very beginning, villagers found that the leaves turned yellow. Afterwards those leaves fell off and the whole tree crown became sparse. After one or two years, the tree will gradually die. Therefore, once a tree is found to be suffering from the Citrus yellow shoot, it should be dug up immediately, and then burn in a centralized manner without their stumps left.<br /> <br /> ==== 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei====<br /> <br /> 连樟村大面积种植砂糖橘始于上世纪90年代中后期。这里产的橘子晚熟、应节、皮薄，很受城里人喜欢。显然，橘子和这个地方很是有缘——这里位于广东省的中北部，是南亚热带向中亚热带的过渡地区，<br /> The large-scale planting of sugar oranges in Lianzhang Village began in the middle and late 1990s. The oranges here bearing thin skins, matures later and adapts to the season, which are very popular with people living in cities. It is obvious that oranges are closely related to this place - it is located in the north central part of Guangdong Province and is a transitional area from the south subtropical zone to the middle subtropical zone. <br /> <br /> 入春时吹南风和偏南风，入冬时又吹北风和偏北风，形成了温暖湿润、雨量充沛、无霜期长的特点。粤北的这个位置相当奇特——不但能避开北部的寒害，还能避开南部的台风，又能承接因台风带来的阵雨，让夏秋的干旱得到缓解，极适合橘子树的成长；这里的土壤以黄壤、红壤、赤红壤为主，有机质含量丰富，自然肥力高，土壤团粒结构好，可耕作层厚，也能让橘子树长得甚欢；这里接近北方，有着便利的交通条件，而那些来自上海、浙江、河南或辽宁的水果批发商，很愿意到这里来采购。<br /> In spring, the south wind and southerly wind are blowing through this place, and in winter, the north wind and northerly wind blow, forming the characteristics of warm and humid, abundant rainfall, and long frost-free period.This location in the north of Guangdong is quite unique - it can not only avoid the damages caused by chill in the north, but also the typhoons in the south. Meanwhile it can also use the showers brought by the typhoons to alleviate the drought in summer and autumn, which is very suitable for the growth of orange trees; The soil here is mainly yellow soil, red soil and latosolic red soil. It is rich in organic matter, high-level natural fertility, good in soil aggregate structure, thick in arable layer, and can also make orange trees grow well;It is close to the north and has convenient transportation conditions, so those fruit wholesalers from Shanghai, Zhejiang, Henan or Liaoning are willing to come here to purchase.<br /> <br /> ==== 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====<br /> <br /> 最辉煌的时候，整个连江口镇曾种植过3万亩砂糖橘。那时，连樟村几乎家家户户都种砂糖橘。每年春季，橘园便开始颤抖。那些埋在土里的根系吸吮着土壤里的水分，让身躯变得湿润起来。水分在橘子树的身体里不断地循环和扩张，加上太阳那缓慢而温和的光合作用，最终，橘子树由一个青春少女变成了慵懒孕妇。到了收获季节，果园里红彤彤一片。和别的橘子相比，砂糖橘显得个头较小，像一个个红鸡蛋，但形状却不是椭圆形的，而是浑圆形的。这个袖珍小水果很让人难忘——鲜亮的红皮非常薄，极容易剥离；果肉呈金黄色，入口爽脆，汁多无渣，清甜中带着股蜂蜜味。<br /> <br /> In the most prosperous time, there were 30 thousand mu lands in total used to plant satsumas in Lianzikou town. At that time, almost every livelihood in Lianzhang country had planted them. The orchard began to shiver when spring came. Their roots buried in the soil sucked the water there to make their bodies wet. With water consistent circulation and dilation, as well as the slow but mild photosynthesis, the tangerine trees finally became like languid pregnant women instead of young girls. When it came to the harvest season, the orchard was glowing red. Compared with other kinds of orange, satsumas are small, like red eggs, but they are perfectly round instead of oval. Their brightly red skins were so thin that can be peeled easily, and their golden pulp was juicy without residue and sweet with a honey flavor, which makes them impressive.<br /> <br /> ==== 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====<br /> <br /> 在果树成熟期时，那些小橘子闪烁着橙红光泽，芳香四溢。望着那一颗颗的小宝贝，人们止不住地陷入想入非非。从表面上看，站在树下的他们十分平静，但其实，他们的内心像大海般澎湃。橘子就是黄金，就是现钱，就是欢笑，就是明天。那个时候，村民们认为橘子树会和蓝天与白云一样，一直一直地这样存在着，一直一直地这样丰收着。然而，这个梦却有终结之时。让黄龙病到来后，橘园的世界变成了暴风雨的世界。<br /> <br /> When the orange trees were getting ripe, those little oranges sparkled with orange-red luster and full of fragrance. Looking at them, people couldn't stop dreaming. They looked very calm when standing under the tree, but in fact, their hearts were surging like the sea. Oranges represented gold and gains, and pleasure and prosperity. At that time, villagers thought that orange trees would always exist like blue sky and white clouds, and would always have such a good harvest. Yet this dream had its end. Upon the storm of Huanglong disease, orange orchards were in horrible chaos.<br /> <br /> ==== 李鸿 Li Hong====<br /> <br /> “你知道吗？我家600棵砂糖橘，曾经卖出了20万的年收入！”陆国祥现在住的砖房是2013年建起来的——当时兄弟们还没有分家，就一起凑钱建了这栋房。建房时花的20万——10万是卖砂糖橘攒下的钱，另外又借了亲戚的10万。那10亩地的600棵砂糖橘，对这个家的贡献实在是太大了——大哥的儿子和女儿读大学的钱（一个人一年3万多）都是卖橘子的钱供的。可后来，“橘子得了黄龙病，便搞不到钱了”因为，“得病后的橘子便没办法挂果”。<br /> <br /> “Did you know that my family’s 600 sugar orange trees once gave us an annual income of 200,000 yuan?” The brick house where Lu Guoxiang now lives was built in 2013, at that time he and his brothers hadn’t separated yet, and they pooled money to build it. It cost them 200,000 yuan——half of the money was saved from selling sugar oranges, and the rest was borrowed from relatives. The 600 sugar orange trees on the 10 acres of land are too great a contribution to the family, the eldest brother’ son and daughter went to college (more than 30,000 yuan per year for each) with the money made by selling oranges. Unfortunately, the orange trees got Citrus Huanglongbing and became fruitless later on, so they can’t earn money by selling oranges.<br /> <br /> ==== 李佳珺 Li Jiajun====<br /> <br /> 2012年是个可怕的年份。全村人的心尖都被一双无形的大手撕扯得发疼，但却一点办法都没有。人们只能眼睁睁看着树叶变黄。不出两三年，整个山坡上的橘子树全都被砍掉了。没了橘子树便没有了收入，可盖房子欠下的账还没有还。怎么办？他咬牙买了台拖拉机到山上拉木头。砍树和拉木头都很累，但一年还能挣个两三万救急。田也要耕！只要田里一没活，他便上山去砍树。就这样忙碌着，不敢有一天空闲，才算把日子过下来。他笑着说，终于等到了2016年。有了扶贫政策后，现在的日子好多了。<br /> <br /> 2012 was a horrible year. The whole villagers' hearts were tore by invisible hands, hurtful but could not do anything. They could only watch the leaves turn yellow. Within two or three years, the orange trees on the whole hillside had been cut down. Without the orange trees, there was no income, but the bill for the house had not been paid. What to do? He was determined to buy a tractor to haul wood in the hills. Cutting trees and pulling wood were very tiring, but he can still earn 20 or 30 thousand yuan a year. The fields must be ploughed! Whenever there was no work in the fields, he went up into the mountains to cut down trees. He was so busy and dared not have a day free. That's how he survived. 'It's finally 2016,' he said with a smile. With the poverty alleviation policy, life is much better now. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Jan Chen<br /> <br /> == Part 11 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 李可依 Li Keyi====<br /> <br /> 麻竹笋<br /> <br /> 在连樟村人看来，麻竹笋是一种“现在的”植物。虽然现在，这种植物正上演着成功者的角色，但它离真正的成功尚有一定距离。它不仅要树立起根茎的尊严，还要让它的影子也获得尊严，它的权威性才算真正地确立了起来。<br /> 麻竹笋又名甜竹、大绿竹、瓦坭竹，是一种国内罕见的食肉笋品种，素有“岭南山珍”之称号，被国内外老饕们誉为“第一绿色保健食品”。笋子的株高可达30公分，中空有节，叶片大，互生。毛竹笋喜欢高温多湿的天气，在30度以上的温度里会生长迅速，产量很高。<br /> 麻竹笋是一种食用蔬菜，可凉拌沙拉，也可煮可炖，纤维多，用途广。自明代以来，连樟村就有种植竹笋、精制笋干的习惯。麻竹笋的特点是肉厚鲜嫩，爽滑可口，无脂肪。这里的笋干曾在清朝中期已远销广州、港澳及东南亚等地。麻竹叶具有药用和食用价值，是包粽子的上好原料，可令粽子清香爽口，回味悠长，还寓意着“竹报平安”的好意头。新鲜竹笋的颜色呈淡黄色而不是乳白色，吃在口中十分爽脆。笋干最好用淘米水熬煮后浸泡一天，再用来炖猪肉或鸡肉。当笋干浸染上肉味，口感会格外肥美而滋润。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====<br /> <br /> 麻竹笋含有一种白色的含氮物质，它让笋子具有一种独特的清香，能甘寒通利，促进肠胃蠕动，使粪便变软，具有开胃和促进消化的作用；麻竹笋还具有低糖低脂的特点，富含植物纤维，可降低体内多余脂肪，消痰化瘀；麻竹笋内的植物蛋白、维生素及微量元素的含量也很高，可增强机体免疫功能，提高抗病能力。对于生活在城市里的上班族来说，工作和生活都很紧张，很容易造成压力性便秘。若每周能吃上两次麻竹笋，对消化、吸收、通便都有促进作用；而在过年过节时吃麻竹笋，则寓意身体健康，生活像竹子一样节节高。<br /> 笋是节状生长的，买笋时要看节与节之间的距离——距离越近越紧密，笋肉就越细腻，吃起来味道就越好。买笋时还要看笋的形状——上部大而底部较小的笋比较好，这样的笋壳少而笋肉多。把笋剥开后，笋肉越嫩白，吃起来便越脆；绿色的笋肉，吃起来会感觉很涩。<br /> <br /> dendrocalamus latiflorus contains a white nitrogenous substance, which makes the bamboo shoots have a unique fragrance, which can be sweet, cold and beneficial, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, make feces soft, and have the function of appetizing and promoting digestion. dendrocalamus latiflorus also has the characteristics of low sugar and low fat, rich in plant fiber, which can reduce excess fat in the body and eliminate phlegm and blood stasis. The contents of plant protein, vitamins and trace elements in dendrocalamus latiflorus are also high, which can enhance the immune function of the body and improve the disease resistance. For office workers living in cities, work and life are very tense, which is easy to cause stress constipation. If you can eat dendrocalamus latiflorus twice a week, it will promote digestion, absorption and defecation. Eating dendrocalamus latiflorus during the Spring Festival means good health and a high life like bamboo. Bamboo shoots grow in knots. When buying bamboo shoots, you should look at the distance between the knots - the closer the distance is, the closer the bamboo shoots are, the more delicate the meat will be, and the better the taste will be. When you buy bamboo shoots, you also need to look at the shape of the bamboo shoots - the bamboo shoots with large upper part and small bottom are better. Such bamboo shoots have less shells and more meat. After the bamboo shoots are peeled, the more tender and white the bamboo shoots are, the crisper they will be. The green bamboo shoots taste very astringent.<br /> <br /> ==== 李心田 Li Xintian====<br /> <br /> 晒干的麻竹笋有种酸味。那味道在连樟村人闻起来，根本算不上什么。然而，对一个村外人来说，那酸味十分巨大而且明显。这便让村外人皱起眉头——难道是连樟村人的嗅觉太粗陋？然而，当你在村里吃了鲜竹笋炒肉片，又吃了竹笋干炖肉后，便知道村里人的舌头非但没有钝化，反而相当灵敏。他们知道麻竹笋好吃，还知道有些麻竹笋是从镇里批发到村里来的，根本不是村里人自己晒的。<br /> 陆国祥说：“刚砍笋的时候浑身发痒，但是做惯了，也就慢慢习惯了。”一条笋有50斤重，把皮剥掉后最多只剩下10斤。2019年，一斤麻竹笋能卖到8毛钱，比上一年的价格高了3毛。砍笋是个辛苦活，笋子叶上有茸毛，会让人浑身发痒。当麻竹笋长到1.2米至1.5米时，便可以砍了。用刀一剁，再用手一掰，将砍倒的笋垒成一堆，再搬到山下去。老笋难砍，要砍好几刀；嫩笋只需一刀，便可以掰断。他一天能砍笋600多斤，再用拖拉机拉下山。他心里明明白白——砂糖橘是彻底完蛋了，现在只能靠麻竹笋。2017年，他咬着牙花了4000元，雇挖掘机开出条山路。以前笋全靠人的肩膀往下担，现在，把笋往拖拉机车斗里一放，便突突突地运下了山。<br /> <br /> <br /> Julia Yang<br /> <br /> == Part 12 ==<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 李彦 Li Yan====<br /> <br /> 化肥<br /> <br /> 陆国祥天天进山，一干就是一天——他不是去砍笋，而是去挖坑。有些邻居便窃窃私语——他真是傻啊！原来，他先在麻竹笋的根边挖一个坑，再一点点把化肥埋进去。这样一棵笋一棵笋地挖过去，腰累得发酸，晚上躺在床上怎么都撑不直。他不想把化肥往山里一撒就不管了。“山里雨多啊！”只要下上一场雨，那些化肥就会一下子被冲掉——“几千块钱就一下子被冲掉了啊”。他把眼睛瞪圆：“政府的钱也是钱啊！”<br /> 说起麻竹笋，他如数家珍。一遍又一遍，他把自己的笋早都数得清清楚楚——全部有1500棵！这些笋是十几年前就种下的，后来又补种了一些。砂糖橘得病后，政府便鼓励大家种笋，还给予补助。2017年，扶贫工作队给他家帮扶了2000多元的化肥；2018年，又帮扶了4500元的。邻居们犯懒，拿着化肥往山里一撒就算完事。“那根本就是天女散花，不起作用的啊！”他可不愿这么干。那半个月的时间，他天天上山挖坑，再把化肥一点点埋进去。说起那些来送化肥的扶贫干部，他咧开嘴唇笑了起来。他说他懂他们的心思——“如果我们挣到钱，他们就开心了啊。”<br /> <br /> ==== 李梓玉 Li Ziyu====<br /> <br /> 大山无言，四季循环。这个男人是在万物丛生的乡野里，懂得了付出与收获是成正比的。人是不能骗地的，人也不能骗山。人只有把自己的身子伏下去，让汗滴洒在泥土里，那片地才能长出果实。人不需要对造物主创造出的这个世界表示惊叹——大山从不惊叹头顶的天空为何如此湛蓝，小溪也从不惊叹流水声为何是重叠的，蝴蝶们也不为翅膀上的黑色或黄色感到惊叹。一切都在一个既定的程序中安然地运转着。所以，人也无需惊叹自己何以是这等模样，他只需努力劳作，自然会获得想要的一切。<br /> 进山干活很是辛苦——蚊虫叮，空气闷，额头上的汗珠凝成珍珠，浑身的肌肉酸痛得像要从骨头上脱离下来。可是，他的心里是美滋滋的。晚上下山时，他看到头顶上已经有了月光。那月光，对世间所有的一切都很公平——不仅把明亮给了小溪，给了树叶，给了山路，还给了他的肩膀。他弯腰在溪水里洗净手脚，洗净脸上的泥污和汗渍，慢慢地朝村子走去。他像一把剑，在劳动中被锈蚀了，但在归家的路途中，溪水和月光又让他变得清爽发亮。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====<br /> <br /> 陆国祥在很小的时候，便知道自己的家里是穷的。除了父母这两个劳动力外，5个孩子都是张着嘴等吃饭的家伙，帮不上什么忙。村子被大山包围着，能挣钱的门路实在有限，所以，父母整日都为孩子们吃些啥而发愁。就在那间泥土屋中，一家人围坐在一起，“不是喝粥就是吃木薯”。他的声音哽咽起来：“别说吃肉，就连白米饭，一周也最多只能吃上一次！”<br /> 在那间堆满杂物的库房里，他打开一个鼓囊囊的袋子，从里面抓起一把白色碎屑给你看——那模样实在像是木头渣滓——“我们以前只能吃这种木薯，可现在，这东西都是拿来养鸡的。”“不，木薯就是木薯，和番薯完全不一样。”他认真地解释着。原来，木薯是一种多年生亚灌木，又称树薯、木番薯，起源于热带美洲，有4000年的栽种历史。中国于19世纪20年代引种栽培了这种植物，主要分布在淮河、秦岭一线及长江流域以南，以广东和广西栽培面积最大；而番薯又叫红薯、山芋和地瓜，产自南美洲，于16世纪末传入中国。如今，除了青藏高原外，中国的大江南北，皆有番薯的足迹。<br /> Lu Guoxiang had known that they were poor since he was little. There was no workforce except for his parents but five kids with their mouths waiting for meals.<br /> The village was surrounded by mountains leaving little chance for making money. Day by day parents was worrying about their children’s food. It was just in that clay home where whole families sat together having nothing else but porridge and cassava.<br /> He began to choke， “We barely had rice more than once a week, let alone meat. ”<br /> In this fully stored storeroom, he opens a fat bag, grabs a handful of scraps, and shows it to you. It looks just like scraps from wood. He seriously explains, “No, cassava is cassava, not sweet potato at all ” <br /> It turns out that cassava is a kind of perennial subshrub also called wood potato or wood sweet potato which originated in tropical America, with more than 4000 years of growing history.<br /> It was introduced and cultivated in China in the 1820s, mainly distributed in the Huaihe River, Qinling Mountains, and the south of the Yangtze River basin, with the largest cultivated area in Guangdong and Guangxi. Fanshu(sweet potatoes), also called Shanyu, and Digua, originated in South America and were introduced to China at the end of the 16th century. Today, in addition to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China's north and south, there are sweet potatoes everywhere.<br /> <br /> Correction：<br /> <br /> Lu Guoxiang had known that his family was poor when he was a kid. There was no workforce except for his parents, and five kids who were able to help their parents were waiting for meals. The village was surrounded by mountains leaving little chance for making money. Day by day parents worried about their children’s food. It was just in that adobe house where whole families sat together having nothing else but porridge and cassava. He choked with emotion, “We barely had rice more than once a week, let alone meat.” In this warehouse full of stuff, he opened a swollen bag, grabbed a handful of white scraps, and showed it. It looked just like sawdust. He seriously explained, “We used to eat this kind of cassava, but now they are fed to chickens.” “Well, cassava is cassava, and it is not sweet potato at all.” It turns out that cassava is a kind of perennial subshrub and also called wood potato or wood sweet potato which originate in tropical America, with more than 4000 years of cultivation history. It was introduced and cultivated in China in the 1920s, and it mainly distributed in the Huaihe River, Qinling Mountains, and the south of the Yangtze River basin, with the largest cultivated area in Guangdong and Guangxi. Fanshu(sweet potatoes), also called Hongshu, Shanyu, and Digua, which originated in South America and were introduced to China at the end of the 16th century. Today, in addition to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, sweet potatoes traveled everywhere in China.<br /> <br /> ==== 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====<br /> <br /> 在一座村庄里，房子可不仅仅只是一个建筑物，一个可以栖身的地方，它还是财富的象征，能力的展现。现在，陆国祥一家住的是砖房，虽然没有装修，但和土房子到底不一样——安全、宽敞、干燥！屋里摆着电视、音响、冰箱、电饭煲和消毒柜，有单独的卫生间和厨房。灶台甚为硕大，有三眼火。曾经的那栋土房子，根本就是男主人的噩梦。每当有人给他介绍对象时，他的心都砰然跃动着。然而，等那些女子来到他家，看到那栋满身裂着皱纹的房子后，整个人便凝固成一尊雕塑。其实，她们站在房子面前的时间很短，然而，对这个男人来说，那段时间真是“一秒等于一万年”。 他知道那些女子已进入想象状态——当她们作为女主人推开那扇木门后，能否与那个空间里的一切和谐相处呢？不。她们的答案是否定的。于是，当她们转过身来，脸上浮出充满歉意的微笑时，这个男人便明白了——相亲再一次失败。<br /> <br /> In a village, a house isn’t only a symbol of a building or a place to live in, but the embodiment of wealth and capability. Now, Lu Guoxiang and his family own a brick house without doing a renovation, which is totally different from an adobe house. The safe, spacious and dry house has television, stereo, fridge, rice cooker and disinfection cabinet. It also has individual bathroom and kitchen, and the cooktop with three burners is huge. The adobe house was a nightmare for the husband. Every time when others set him up, he is excited and nervous, with his heart beating fast. After those women who come to his home see his house with cracks in walls, however, they stand still like a sculpture. In fact, the time that they stand in front of his house is short, but it seems like one second is equivalent to many years for the man. He knows that these women are wondering whether they can accept everything in the house when they open the door as a wife of the man. The answer is no. Thus, when they turn around and give an apologetic smile, he gets a hint that the blind date fails.<br /> <br /> <br /> Correction: In a village, a house is not only a building or a place to dwell, but the embodiment of wealth and capability. Now, though Lu Guoxiang’s family simply own a plain brick house, it is totally different from an adobe house------it’s a safe, spacious and dry house with television, stereo, fridge, rice cooker and disinfection cabinet. It also has individual bathroom and kitchen, and the cooktop with three burners is huge. The adobe house was a nightmare for the husband. Every time someone sets him up, he is excited but nervous, with his heart beating fast. After those women who came to his home saw his house with cracks creeping all over the walls, however, they stood still like a sculpture. In fact, the time that they stood in front of his house was short, but it seemed that one second is equivalent to many years for the man. He knows that these women are wondering whether they can accept everything in the house when they open the door as the wife of the man. The answer is no. Thus, when they turn around and give an apologetic smile, he gets a hint that the blind date fails again.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘丛领 Liu Congling====<br /> <br /> 2010年7月1日，他领了结婚证。老婆叫陆海鱼，出生于1983年。那女子长着一头浓黑的短发，皮肤泛黄，圆脸上有两道粗黑，单眼皮下是高鼻梁和薄嘴唇，看起来周周正正。丈夫笑嘻嘻地说：“她原本是一条海里的鱼，在我的家里受委屈喽。”老婆听到这话后，在嘴角弯起一个好看的笑容。在这对夫妻间，有着一种无言的默契。妻子看着丈夫时，眼神里充满了理解和爱恋。你以为他们是自由恋爱后结婚的，但其实，他们“从认识到结婚不到10天。”那个时候，他已经42岁了。当陆海鱼的小姨给他介绍对象时，他很快就点了头。首先，他相信小姨不会骗他；其次，“我的年龄太大了，没什么好挑的。”<br /> On July 1, 2010, he registered his marriage. His wife is Lu Haiyu, a woman born in 1983 with short, thick black hair, yellowish skin, a round face featuring two wide dark lines, and a high nose and thin lips under her single eyelid. &quot;She was at first a fish in the sea. She suffers in my family.&quot; the husband said, grinning. The wife’s lips curved in a nice smile at this. There was a tacit understanding between the couple. The wife's eyes were full of understanding and love as she looked at her husband. You might think they were married on the basis of free love, but in fact, the whole process &quot;met and got married” was a mere 10 days. At that time, he was already 42 years old. So when Lu Haiyu's aunt fixed him up with someone, he quickly nodded. First, he believed that his aunt would not cheat him; Second, &quot;I'm too old to be a crabber.&quot;<br /> 人到中年才娶上老婆，并不是说他以前不想找对象。事实上，“我从二十几岁就开始找对象，年年都在找，但一直没有找到合适的。”“合适”是个非常奇怪的状态——在非常短的时间里，男女双方互相揣测着，看对方是否和自己幻想中的那个人一模一样。当发现对方不像自己所期待的那样时，只需要一秒钟。每年都相亲，次次都失败……这耻辱的经历让他逐渐地清醒了过来。<br /> It doesn’t mean that he didn't want to be seeing someone until he got married in his middle age. In fact, &quot;I've been looking for a partner since my 20s, year after year, but I haven't found the right one all the way.&quot; &quot;Suitability&quot; is a very strange state ------ for a very short period of time, both man and woman are trying to figure out if the other person is exactly like the person they think they are. It only takes a second to realize that the other person is not what you expected. Attending blind date every year but failing every time, he gradually came to his sense after the humiliating experiences.<br /> <br /> Correction:<br /> On July 1, 2010, he registered his marriage. His wife is Lu Haiyu, born in 1983. The woman had short, thick black hair, yellowish skin, a round face with two thick black eyebrows, and a high nose and thin lips under her single eyelids. &quot;She was at first a fish in the sea, but now she suffers in my family.&quot; the husband said, grinning. The wife’s lips curved in a nice smile at this. There was a tacit understanding between the couple. The wife's eyes were full of understanding and love as she looked at her husband. You might think they were married on the basis of free love, but in fact, they &quot;met and got married within 10 days”. At that time, he was already 42 years old. So when Lu Haiyu's aunt fixed him up with someone, he quickly nodded. First, he believed that his aunt would not cheat him; Second, he thought, &quot;I'm too old to be a crabber.&quot;It doesn’t mean that he didn't want to see someone until he got married in his middle age. In fact, he said, &quot;I've been looking for a partner since my 20s, year after year, but I haven't found the suitable one all the way.&quot; &quot;Suitability&quot; is a very strange state -- for a very short period of time, both men and women are trying to figure out if the other person is exactly like the person in their imagination. It only takes a second to realize that the other person is not the one you expected. Attending blind date every year but failing every time, he gradually came to his sense after these humiliating experiences.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 陆海鱼的小姨在最初向他介绍时说得明明白白——女方患有小儿麻痹，手有些不灵便。于是，他见到了那个女子：身量适中，五官端正，嘴角挂着腼腆的笑容。他很快便点了头——这世界留给他的选择机会并不多。婚礼非常简单——彩礼6000元，摆酒8000元。婚后他发现，老婆只能干些轻微的家务活，做不了地里的重活。有时，甚至有些简单的家务活对她都是难事——将茶壶里的开水往暖瓶倒的时候，她会因为对不准瓶口而烫伤自己的脚。但老婆性格温顺，从来都是他说她听，于是，日子也就平平淡淡地过了下去。<br /> 砂糖橘生病后，他将全部的希望都放在了麻竹笋上。他认真地把化肥埋在每一棵竹笋的根上——他不是在埋化肥，而是在埋希望啊！他知道自己一点一点挖坑的模样，显得十分笨拙；他也知道邻居们在背后怎样地嘲笑他。然而，他还是坚持上山，一天又一天。他观察着那些笋子的叶片，就像观察自己孩子的头发。当那些小小的颗粒在泥土里溶解后，叶片便会发生变化。有时，他挖坑挖得时间太长了，以致一起身，便会感觉头晕目眩，整个人要栽倒。他赶忙把一只手放在额前遮住阳光，深深地喘上几口气，才满满地恢复正常。他慢慢地打量着目光所及的竹林——这一片属于他的竹林——他好像已经看到了未来的自己，正举起刀砍向那些竹笋。那一颗颗竹笋被抬进拖拉机的车斗中，被拉到了麻竹笋加工厂。<br /> <br /> When Lu Haiyu’s aunt first introduced Lu Haiyu to him, she told him abundantly clear -- Lu Haiyu suffered from polio, and had some problems with her hands. He then met Lu, who was of moderate size, having a nice look with a shy smile on her lips. He quickly agreed -- the world didn't leave him many choices. The wedding was simple – there was only a bride price of 6,000 yuan and a wedding feast of 8,000 yuan. After marriage, he found that his wife could not do heavy work in the fields, but some easy housework. Sometimes, it was even difficult for her to do some simple household chores – When she poured boiling water from the kettle into the thermos, she would burn her feet, for she didn't correct the top of the bottle. But his wife was meek and always obedient to him. The day passed uneventfully. After tangerines were sickly, he put all his hopes on bamboo shoots. He carefully buried chemical fertilizers on the roots of each bamboo shoot -- he was not burying fertilizers, but burying hope! He knew how clumsy the way he dug the hole bit by bit was. He also knew how the neighbors laughed at him behind his back. Yet he kept going up the mountain from day to day. He observed the leaves of the shoots as if they were the hair of his own child. After those tiny particles dissolved in the soil, the leaves would change. Sometimes he dug for so long that he felt dizzy and would fall over when he raised himself up. He quickly put a hand in front of his forehead against the sunlight, took a few deep breaths, and then slowly recovered. He slowly looked around the bamboo forest within sight -- the bamboo forest that belonged to him -- as if he already saw his future self, who was raising a knife to cut down the bamboo shoots. The bamboo shoots were carried into the bucket of the tractor, and then, they were pulled to the bamboo shoots processing plant.<br /> <br /> When Lu Haiyu’s aunt first introduced Lu Haiyu to him, she told him abundantly clear -- Lu Haiyu suffered from polio, and had some problems with her hands. He then met Lu, who was of moderate size, having a nice look with a shy smile on her lips. He quickly agreed -- the world didn't leave him many choices. The wedding was simple – there was only a bride price of 6,000 yuan and a wedding feast of 8,000 yuan. After marriage, he found that his wife could not do heavy work in the fields, but some light housework. Sometimes, it was even difficult for her to do some simple household chores – when she poured boiling water from the kettle into the thermos, she would burn her feet for failing to point the top of the bottle. But his wife was meek and always obedient to him. The day passed uneventfully. After tangerines were sickly, he put all his hopes on bamboo shoots. He carefully buried chemical fertilizers on the roots of each bamboo shoot — he was not burying fertilizers, but burying hope! He knew how clumsy the way he dug the hole bit by bit was. He also knew how the neighbors laughed at him behind his back. Yet he kept going up the mountain from day to day. He observed the leaves of the shoots as if they were the hair of his own child. After those tiny particles dissolved in the soil, the leaves would change. Sometimes he dug for so long that he felt dizzy and would fall over when he raised himself up. He quickly put a hand in front of his forehead against the sunlight, took a few deep breaths, and then recovered gradually. He slowly looked around the bamboo forest within sight — the bamboo forest that belonged to him — as if he already saw his future self, who was raising a knife to cut down the bamboo shoots. The bamboo shoots were carried into the bucket of the tractor, and then they were pulled to the bamboo shoots processing plant.<br /> <br /> ==== 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====<br /> <br /> 不砍笋的时候，他便到外面打零工。他有一台拖拉机，他的驾驶技术还不错。他可以帮别人运木头和运沙土——如果是自己包油，一天干8小时的工钱是350元。除去50元油费和机器磨损的费用外，一天能挣200元。这个活干起来也很辛苦——整天坐在拖拉机上，不是上山就是下山。山路崎岖，要格外小心才行——在这个小村里，因拖拉机翻车而造成身体残疾乃至毙命的事，并不少见。他也知道危险，但还是毅然决然地出了门。“只要有活就一定要干，不干不行啊！”现在，他是3个孩子的父亲——大儿子11岁，大女儿8岁，小女儿6岁。过去年代，他的父母为孩子们吃饭而发愁；而现在，他为孩子们的上学而发愁。然而，他即刻便发出感慨：“从2016年开始的助学补助，真是一场及时雨啊！”现在，他的大儿子和大女儿每年每个人都能有3000元的生活补助，上学的难题算是彻底解决了。<br /> 他的老母亲名叫陆四妹，已是87岁高龄的老人，但身子骨还很硬朗。听到屋子里有人说话，便踱步进来，安静地坐在椅子上。这个老太太顶着一头雪白的银发，缺牙的嘴角弯起，在脸上挂出一个慈祥的笑容。你惊诧于那些皱纹——横纹从额头处向下，竖纹从下巴处向上，在太阳穴处扭结成一个麻团，而手上的皱纹像一缕缕刀痕。你向老人家问好，而她则频频点头。听说她现在还能自己做饭吃时，你惊得目瞪口呆，手里的钢笔简直要掉在了地上——唉！城里的医疗条件那么好，可有些人活到了六七十岁，也便撒手人寰。而这个老人家，居然还能做饭！<br /> <br /> He would go outside to find some odd jobs when not cutting bamboo shoots. He had a tractor and his driving was good. He was able to help others to deliver wood and sand, which could make him earn 350 yuan in 8 hours within a day if he paid the gas money by himself. He could earn 200 yuan in one day except for 50 yuan of gas money and the cost of machine wear. This job was not easy to do for he needed to sit on the tractor all day long and kept climbing up and down the hill. Because the mountain road was rugged, one who needed to do this job must be extremely careful. In this small village, it was not rare that someone became disabled even died for the overturn of tractors. He decided to do that stoutly though knowing the danger. “I must to work without any retreat.” Now, he is a father of three children—a 11-year-old boy, a 8-year-old daughter, and the second daughter who is 6 years old. In the past, his parents worried about feeding their children. And now, he was anxious about children’s schooling. However, he sighed with emotion immediately, “the national fellowships which started in 2016 was a kind of timely rain.” Now, his son and the first daughter each can receive a fellowship of 3000 yuan annually, which means that the great difficulty in their education was overcome thoroughly. His mother called Lu Simei, an 87-year-old grand old woman, is still in good health. When hearing someone talking, she will walk in slowly and lay in a deck chair. This elderly lady with gray hair wears a kindly smile when raising her corner of the toothless mouth. You are astonished by her wrinkles-those horizontal ones from the forehead downward, and vertical ones from the chin upward, and they meet and gather on her temples, while those on her hands like slashes. If you say hi to her, she will answer you with nodding her head. When hearing that she could even cook by herself, you would be so stunned that you let your pen drop on the floor. Alas! Though there are sound medical conditions in cities, some who are in their sixties or seventies would pass away. Looking at this elder, she even can cook by herself!<br /> <br /> ==== 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====<br /> <br /> 陆国祥在连江口镇吃过鹰嘴桃后，发现那桃子不仅好吃，而且一斤还能卖到十几元，便在心里盘算起来——如果自己种得好，能卖到七八元也是好的。说干就干！他花了3000元，从河源市买了450棵鹰嘴桃树苗，还向卖苗人咨询了种植方法。2019年，他种了10亩地的鹰嘴桃。他总是兴冲冲地去地里除草和浇水，盼望着在3年后能有好收成。“种桃子树就像养个小孩啊，要做长远规划。”他相信自己能种成鹰嘴桃——此前，他家的砂糖橘有过连续丰收10年的记录。最高产的那一年，还卖出了20万的好价格啊。“真的！整棵树都挂满了果啊！”他记得自己曾创造出的辉煌，就像所有的蒙古人都记得成吉思汗一样。<br /> 现在，他满脑子都在想怎么挣钱，怎么把穷帽子甩得远远的。他知道，村里的那些扶贫干部们，正“想尽一切办法让我们的生活好起来啊”。最近，村里安排他当巡山员，每个月有3000元的收入，他干得相当认真。这个活不仅要巡山，还要巡河。每天，他一大早就出了门——看看有没有人在山里生火，有没有人在河里挖沙。一旦进入大山，他的眼睛就变得像鸟儿一样敏锐；一旦来到河边，他的身体就变得像鱼儿一样顺溜。他在这个村子里出生，虽然也在这里吃过苦受过累，然而，他却真心实意地爱着这个地方；这种爱，胜过爱世界上任何一个别的地方。<br /> <br /> After having eaten hawthorn peaches in Lianjiangkou town, Lu Guoxiang found that the peaches were not only delicious, but also could be sold for more than ten yuan a catty. He thought in his mind- if I grew and sold them by myself ,even though only seven or eight yuan per catty sounds great. So he did it immediately! He spent 3,000 yuan to buy 450 seedlings of hawkmoth peaches from Heyuan City and consulted the seller on how to grow them. The year 2019 has witnessed him planting 10 acres of hawkmoth peaches. He is always excited to go to the ground to weed and water, looking forward to a good harvest after three years. &quot;Growing peach trees is like raising a child, you have to plan on a long term basis.&quot; He believes he can grow hawthorn peaches successfully. In the past, his family had a record of good harvests of sugar oranges for 10 consecutive years. The highest yielding year even fetched a good price of $200,000 RMB. &quot;It's true! The whole tree was full of fruit!&quot; He remembered the glory he had created, just as all Mongolians will never forget Genghis Khan. Now, he is obsessed with the thoughts of making money, getting rid of poverty. He knows that the village cadres are &quot;doing everything they can to make our lives better&quot;. Recently, he is appointed to be a mountain patroller by the village. The job pays him 3000 RMB a month, and he takes it very seriously, involving not only patrolling the mountains but also the rivers. Every day, he goes out early in the morning - to see if anyone is building a fire in the mountains or digging sand in the rivers. Once in the mountains, his eyes became as sharp as a bird's; once at the river, his body became as smooth as a fish's. He was born in this village, although he also suffered here, he loved this place with all his heart; a love that was greater than love for any other place in the world.<br /> <br /> After having eaten hawthorn peaches in Lianjiangkou town, Lu Guoxiang found that the peaches were not only delicious, but also could be sold for more than ten yuan per catty. He thought to himself- if I could grow out such peaches and sell them for seven or eight yuan per catty.That would be great! So he did it immediately! He spent 3,000 yuan to buy 450 seedlings of hawkmoth peaches from Heyuan City and consulted the seller on how to grow them. In 2019, he planted 10 acres of hawkmoth peaches. He was always excited to go to the filed to weed and water, looking forward to a good harvest after three years. &quot;Growing peach trees is like raising a child, you have to think big and make long-term plans.&quot; He believed he could grow out hawthorn peaches successfully. In the past, his family had a record of good harvests of sugar oranges for 10 consecutive years. In the highest yielding year, he even made a profit of $200,000 RMB. &quot;It's true! The whole tree was full of fruit!&quot; He remembered the glory he had created, just as all Mongolians will never forget Genghis Khan. Now, he is obsessed with the thoughts of making money and getting rid of poverty. He knew that the village cadres were doing their best to make our lives better. Recently, he was appointed as a mountain patroller by the village with a salary of 3000 RMB per month, and he took it very seriously. This job involves patrolling the mountains and rivers. Every day, he went out early in the morning - to see if anyone was lighting a fire in the mountains or digging sand in the rivers. Once entering mountains, his eyes became as sharp as the bird's; and by river, his body became as smooth as the fish's. He was born in this village. Although he suffered much there, he loved this place with all his heart more than any other places in the world.<br /> <br /> == Part 13 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing====<br /> 木材加工厂<br /> <br /> 你来到木材加工厂，好像进入到一个大音响的内部，耳膜被一阵阵轰隆隆的噪音所切割。然而，那两个正在锯木头的年轻男子，却好像带了耳塞般什么都听不见。一根粗壮的原木被摆在案子上，被一个人推上了转动的锯齿。随着哧哧声，那木头在被运送到对面去的时候，侧面已被笔直地切割下一缕；当它被再次推回来时，身体的另一部分也分离开了一缕。于是，就在这推来送去间，它由一根圆滚滚的木头变成了一堆细长的木条。另外的两个人——一个是老年男子，另一个中年女人——正在装订木头。他们也像是戴了耳塞，根本听不见任何噪音。他们将木头放在一个长条状机器里收拢成束，用榔头将木头敲打整齐，再用铁丝和塑料绳捆扎起来。空气里飘满了木头的碎屑，而这些碎屑在阳光下闪闪光芒，像是噪音的好兄弟。<br /> The wood processing plant<br /> When you enter a wood processing plant, it seems like you’ve come into the interior of a large stereo, your eardrums cut by a rumble of noise. The two young men sawing the logs, however, can't hear anything as if they had earplugs. A thick log was laid out on a case and pushed up by one of the men into the teeth of a spinning saw. With a giggling sound, the log was transported across the room with a straight strand cut off its side;<br /> When it was pushed back again, the other part of its body was also separated from the strand. Thus, in the course of this pushing and transporting, it was transformed from a round log into a pile of slender strips of wood. Two other men - one an older man, the other a middle-aged woman - were binding the wood. They also looked like they were wearing earplugs and couldn't hear any noise at all. They put the wood in a long machine to gather it into bundles, beat it neatly with a hammer and tie it up with wire and plastic string. The air is filled with wood splinters, which glisten in the sunlight like the noise's best buddies<br /> <br /> ==== 鲁思 Lu Si====<br /> <br /> 这是一幅艺术家创作的油画——画面中的两个男人正在推拉原木，另外的一男一女正在捆扎木条。<br /> <br /> This is an oil painting created by the artist ——the two men in the picture are pushing and pulling logs, while another man and a woman are binding strips of wood.<br /> <br /> This is an oil painting created by the artist ——the two men in the picture are pushing and pulling logs, while another man and a woman are binding strips of wood.<br /> <br /> 线条是画面中最为重要的元素——脊背的线条，手臂的线条，木头的线条和切割机的线条。<br /> <br /> The line of the spine, arm, wood and cutter are the most important elements in the painting.<br /> <br /> The line of the spine, arm, wood and cutter are the most important elements in the painting.<br /> <br /> 你感觉那艺术家在摸索这些线条时内心充满欣喜——他让线条沉浸在阳光的照射中，充满了丰富的表现力。那些闪亮的线条格外流畅，充满了欣慰。<br /> <br /> You can feel that the artist was very happy when drawing these lines, because the lines are immersed in the sunlight and full of energy, the lines are very smooth.<br /> <br /> You can feel that the artist was very happy while drawing these lines, because the lines are immersed in the sunlight and full of energy. These lines are very smooth.<br /> <br /> 劳动是艰苦的，但同时，劳动也是欣慰的。那些木头就是从侧旁的大山里砍下来的。在如此近的距离中，木头已变成了木条。<br /> <br /> Labor is both hard and gratifying. Those logs were cut from the mountain beside the side. In such a close distance, the wood had turned into strips of wood.<br /> <br /> Labor is both hard and gratifying. Those logs were cut from the mountain beside the side. In such a close distance, the wood had turned into strips of wood.<br /> <br /> ==== 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====<br /> <br /> 你走进了这幅画面，内心充满了奇异的感动。<br /> <br /> When you walk into this picture, your heart is full of fantastic feelings.<br /> <br /> When you walk into this picture, your heart is full of fantastic feelings.<br /> <br /> 你感觉那被切割下来的木头的糙皮，就是生活——是的，生活不是提拉米苏蛋糕，而是像这糙皮一样的东西！<br /> <br /> You feel that the rough skin of the cut wood is life - yes, life is not Tiramisu cake, but something like this rough skin!<br /> <br /> You feel that the rough skin of the cut wood is life - yes, life is not Tiramisu cake, but something like this rough skin!<br /> <br /> 每一根木头都那样粗犷，都那样赤裸裸，都那样刚劲有力。这些木头就是一切事物的原初状态。<br /> <br /> Every piece of wood is so rough, so naked, so strong and powerful.This wood is the original state of everything.<br /> <br /> Every piece of wood is so rough, so naked, so strong and powerful. This wood are the original state of everything.<br /> <br /> 这些木头，曾经是一根比人的手指还细的树苗。它们在大山里孤独地长大。<br /> <br /> The wood used to be a sapling thinner than a human finger.They grew up alone in the mountains.<br /> <br /> The wood used to be a sapling thinner than a human finger. They grew up alone in the mountains.<br /> <br /> 每一个白天和黑夜，它们都用力张开自己的叶片，吸纳着所有的阳光、水分和养料。<br /> <br /> Every day and night, they vigorously opened their leaves to absorbed all the sunlight, water and nutrients.<br /> <br /> Every day and night, they vigorously opened their leaves to absorb all sunlight, water and nutrients.<br /> <br /> 它们按自己的遗传基因生长着，最终，长成了像父母那般的模样。它们是大山真正的儿子。它们懂得溪水，了解蝴蝶，热爱微风。<br /> <br /> They grew according to their own genetic genes, and finally grew up like their parents.They are the mountain's real sons.They know about streams, butterflies and breezes.<br /> <br /> They grew according to their own genetic genes, and finally grew up to look like their parents. They are the mountain's real sons. They know about streams, butterflies and love breezes.<br /> <br /> ==== 马明宇 Ma Mingyu====<br /> <br /> 一棵树被砍倒后的命运，就像一个女子出嫁后的命运。木头要变成桌子腿或天花板，根本不以它的意志为转移。然而在骨子里，它还是那棵树，那棵山上的树。木材加工场就是木头的婚礼现场——在剧烈的嬗变中，木头变成了另一种连自己都认不出的事物，走上了另一条前途未知的道路。于是，这幅画面里又飘荡着一种空灵的叹息。当这些大树被分化成一小块一小块时，一种新的东西诞生了——优雅和文明。<br /> <br /> The fate of a tree that was cut down, just like the fate of a woman after marriage. The wood would be transformed into table legs or ceilings, not at all by its will. Yet inside, it's still the same tree, the tree on the hill. The wood processing site is the wedding site of wood-- in the drastic evolution, wood has become another kind of things even itself can not recognize, on another unknown future road. Then an ethereal sigh wanders through the picture. When these great trees were divided into small pieces, something new was born-- elegance and civilization.<br /> <br /> ==== 彭琦 Peng Qi====<br /> <br /> 2016年，村里进行土地整合后，邓春活家的蔬菜大棚每年能有2300元的分红，两亩地出租后每年有2000元的租金，儿子也领到了一年3000元的生活补助，日子明显比以往好过许多。然而，单靠这些还不够。一咬牙，她便来到了木器加工厂打杂工——丈夫去世后，家里只剩下她一个劳动力，女儿还在上大学，她怎能不心焦？<br /> 木器加工厂让这个女人看到了很多真相——当女人没有依靠后的真相。一旦进入到这个轰隆隆的世界，女人便要集中起自己的全部精神，瞪大眼睛，屏住呼吸，心跳砰砰地开始工作。在这里，最厉害的主角就是那部切割机。一切都因它而诞生，因它而旋转，因它而分解。它是一颗身上冒着火苗的小星球，好像永远都不会熄灭；它让这个空间里充斥着大量的粉尘。那些粉尘在金色阳光的照耀下，像降落伞般肆意漂浮，散发着呛人的辛辣味，像厨房里打翻了装辣椒面的瓶子；它让这里像一个巨人的心脏，总是发出骇人的轰隆声，一刻也不停歇。<br /> <br /> ==== 王露 Wang Lu====<br /> <br /> 邓春活进入加工厂后的第一天便明白了——自己犯下了一个可怕的错误。然而，纠正这错误已经太迟了。在粉尘折磨着鼻孔，噪音摧残着耳膜的状态下，她的双手配合着双脚，不断地搬动木头，捆扎木头，运送木头。那些木头上到处都是毛刺，让手掌被扎得鲜血横流。在加工厂干完活后回到家，这女人像是喝醉了般将肉身摔在床上后，一点都不想动弹。她将全部的能量都释放了出来后，整个身子变得软绵绵的，疲乏无力。然而，她却不能讨厌那些木头。村里所有的人都知道，因为山路弯弯，阻碍了他们与外界的联系，所以，在家门口能挣上钱的工作非常少；所以，粉尘是小事，噪音也是小事，划破手掌更是小事……只要每个月能领到2000元的工资，她便心满意足了。<br /> <br /> On the first day in the processing plant, Deng Chunhuo found she had made a horrible mistake which is too late to make it right. Dust tormented her nostrils and noise destroyed her eardrum. With cooperation of hands and feet, moving, bundling up and transporting, she kept struggling with the wood. There were splinters all over the wood that made her palms bleed. After finishing one day’s work in the plant, she slammed herself onto bed as if she was drunk and didn’t want to move. She was weak and worn out and felt a lack of energy. However, she could not hate the wood. Because of the winding mountain road, they had no way to contact with the world outside the village, which is known by the whole village. Therefore, there were few jobs nearby. As a consequence, it was trifles to troubled by the dust and noise, or to hurt the palms. It was enough for her to get the 2000-yuan salary every month.<br /> <br /> ==== 王琪 Wang Qi ====<br /> <br /> 这就是村民和大山的关系。当他们诞生在大山深处时，并不了解这种关系的可怕性——他们依赖大山而生存，但大山有时候却会反过来吞噬他们。丈夫开着拖拉机从山路上突突而下时，大山陡然间发了怒——它不愿听男人作任何解释，便奋力地掀翻了他的车。而那个女人，像是为了报复大山般，最终来到了木材加工厂——这个专门肢解大山孩子的地方——工作。在这个空间里，木头无所不在，无处不是。这里的木头是大树的尸体。现在，这个女人整日整日地观察着那些木头。她在这个空间里观察的时间越久，便越觉得自己孤立无援。她不断地给自己打气，让自己挺住，不要倒下去。现在，她要把自己锻炼得像一根顶梁柱，才能将家里的那栋屋子撑起来。<br /> <br /> This is the relationship between the villagers and the mountains. When they were born in the deep mountain, they did not understand the horror of this relationship yet - they depended on the mountains for survival, but the mountains sometimes devoured them in turn. When the husband drove his tractor down the mountain road, the mountain burst into anger - it would never listen to any explanation from the man but fought to overturn his car. As for the woman, as if in revenge for the mountain, she finally came to work in the wood processing plant – which specialized in dismembering the children of the mountain. In this place, wood, the corpse of big trees, was everywhere and nowhere. Now, this woman spends all her days observing the wood. The longer she spends, the more isolated she feels. She keeps pumping herself up to hold on and not to crack. She has to sharpen herself to be the pillar at present, so as to support her whole family.<br /> <br /> This is the relationship between villagers and mountains. When they were born in the mountain, they did not understand the horror of this relationship: They depended on mountains for survival, but the mountains sometimes, in turn, devoured them. When her husband drove his tractor down the mountain, the mountain burst into anger -- it would never listen to any explanation from the man but overturned his car. As if in revenge for the mountain, the women finally came to work for a wood processing plant, which specialized in dismembering the children of the mountain. In this place, wood, the corpse of big trees, was everywhere and nowhere. Now, this woman spends all her days observing the wood. The longer she spends, the more isolated she feels. She keeps pumping herself up to hold on and not to crack. She has to sharpen herself to be a pillar at present, so as to support the whole family.<br /> <br /> == Part 14 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====<br /> 厨房<br /> <br /> 那女人挑着担子从山上走下来时，让人看着着实心疼。虽然她戴着顶草帽，可那不到1.6米的个头实在袖珍，让肩膀上的担筐显得格外沉重。然而，她的身体里像是安装了个发电机，能让她一直一直地往前走。筐子里的麻竹笋像一堆小炮弹，一个个都雄赳赳气昂昂，像是放在炮筒里就能飞射出去，将田野炸开个洞。那些绿色小炮弹一个挨一个，让筐子的重量愈发沉重，让担筐子的女人愈发蹒跚。但那个体型瘦小的女人却异常自尊，将每一步都踏得格外稳当。看得出来，她对维护尊严这件事非常敏感。她就这样一步一步地走了下来——从崎岖的山路上，一步步挪到了村子里面。碰到她的人都在揣测筐子里的东西有多重——至少100斤以上吧？差不多有120斤了吧？嗯，应该有130斤了？<br /> 到2019年时，邓春活已年满50岁。她虽然身量不高，皮肤黝黑，但却看着异常健康。她的短发里已有了白丝，嘴角边也有了皱纹，但一笑起来，右侧脸颊上的一颗小酒窝，让她还保持着少女般的羞涩。她的五官看着十分顺眼：淡淡的眉毛，细长的眼睛，抿起的嘴角挂着一缕倔强。她的双手看起来比脸庞更加沧桑：那是一双整日劳作的手掌。<br /> <br /> The woman came down from the mountain with a load on her shoulder, triggerring one’s sympathy. Although she was wearing a straw hat, her height, less than 1.6 meters, was really small, so the basket on her shoulders seemed particularly heavy. However, a generator seemed to be installed in her body to help her move on. Like a pile of small cannonballs, these bamboo shoots in the basket looked manly. It seemed that they could be shot out of the gun barrel and blowed a hole in the field. Those small green shells one made the basket heavier; the woman carried the basket more faltering. However, the small and thin woman was extremely proud and took every step very steadily. It can be seen that she was very sensitive to safeguarding her dignity. She just walked down step by step - from the rugged mountain road to the village. People who met her were speculating about the weight of the things in the basket - at least more than 100 jin, right? It's about 120 jin, isn't it? Hmm, it should be 130 jin? By 2019, Deng Chunhuo would have reached the age of 50. Although she is not tall with tan skin, she looks very healthy. In her short hair can be found some grey; wrinkles at the corners of her mouth. When she smiles, however, a small dimple on her right cheek keeps her as shy as a girl. Her facial features look very pleasant: light eyebrows, long and thin eyes, and a wisp of stubbornness from the corners of mouth. Her hands look more vicissitudes than her face: working all day.<br /> <br /> It triggered our sympathy when we saw the woman came down from the mountain with a load on her shoulder. Although she wore a straw hat, it was obvious that she was very short, less than 1.6 meters tall, which made the basket seemed even heavy.However, she kept moving on as there was a generator installed in her body. The bamboo seemed like a pile of small cannonballs in the blanket, which could be launched out imposingly to blow a hole in the field. Been placed one by one, these cannonballs made the blanket became heaver and made the woman walked more hobbled in the meantime. While the woman was extremely self-esteem to made each step steadily. It could be seen that she was very sensitive to protecting her dignity. She just walked down step by step, from the rugged mountain road to the village.People met her were all speculated about the weight of the blanket-- it has at least more than 100 pounds? Or about 120 pounds? Well, it should be 130 pounds? By 2019, Deng Chunman has got 50 years old. Although she was short and had a tan skin, she looked very healthy. There were some white adored in her hair, and wrinkles at the corner of her mouth. But the small dimple on her right cheek made her still like a shy girl when she smiled. Her facial features were pleasant: light eyebrows, long and thin eyes and a wisp of stubbornness from the mouth pursed. Her hands looked even more vicissitude than her face. Those were the hands that work all day long.<br /> <br /> ==== 覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====<br /> <br /> 在这个女人的生命里，有3个年份是最为重要的——1995年：女儿出生；2002年：儿子出生；2013年：丈夫去世。出生于贫寒之家的她，在8姐妹中排行老五，只读了小学4年级后便辍学回家。经人介绍，她在26岁时嫁到连樟村，丈夫那时是31岁。“结婚时只有一间屋，一张睡觉的床，一张小桌子。”她叹息着说，“那时候做饭是大灶，烧的是柴。”1999年村里第二轮分田时，她家4口人共分到2亩地。她种了花生和水稻后，一年都忙忙碌碌十分辛劳，然而，却“有的吃，没得卖”——地里的收成能吃饱肚子，但手上却没有余钱。<br /> 日子虽然过得紧巴巴，但两口子还是努力攒钱。最终，在2005年时，他们盖起了一栋楼房——地上铺了瓷砖，客厅里摆上了木质茶几和沙发，卧室里放上了木床和衣柜。盖房子时还借了1万块的外债，但老房子实在太旧，不盖不行。然而，开着拖拉机去拉木头的丈夫翻车后，这座屋子便像是被抽掉了大梁。<br /> <br /> There are three years that are the most important in this woman’s life-- In 1995, her daughter got born; In 2002, her son got born; In 2013, her husband passed away.Grown in poor family, she as the fifth daughter in the house dropped out of school after only 4th grade. And when she was 26 years old she married to the Lianzhang village introduced through others. Her husband was 31 at that time.“ There was just one room, one bed and one desk.” She sighed and said, “ In those days, we cooked with large stove and burned the firewood.”When it came the second round of land sharing in 1999, her family with four people got two acres of land. She planted peanuts and rice in it and got through the year with hurry and hard work. However, the situation could be described as “ having something to eat, nothing to sell”-- Although the harvest in the filed could fill their stomach, it couldn’t let them have some surplus money in their wallets. Though the life was difficult, they still tried hard to save money. Finally, in 2005, they were able to have a new house with tiles on the floor, wooden table and soft sofa in the living room and wooden bed and closet in the bedroom. They also borrowed 10,000 debt when they built the house, because the old one was too shabby that they had to build a new one. But after her husband passed away when he drove a tractor to pull wood, this family lost its backbone.<br /> <br /> correction：<br /> <br /> Three particular years were the most important ones in the woman’s life – In 1995, her daughter got born; In 2002, her son got born; In 2013, her husband passed away. Grown in poor, she as the fifth daughter in her family had dropped out of school after reaching the 4th grade. As she was 26 years old, she introduced to a 31-year-old man in Lianzhang village for marriage. “At that time, there was only one room, one bed and one desk.” She sighed and said, “We cooked with a large stove and burned the firewood.” When it came the second round of land sharing in 1999, her family with four people got two acres of land. She planted peanuts and rice, busy all year around for hard labor work. However, the family could only “feed themselves and have nothing left for selling” – stayed away from hunger though, they saved no money. Life was tough for the couple, but they still worked hard to save money. Finally in 2005, they were able to build a new house with tiles on the floor, wooden table and soft sofa in the living room and wooden bed and closet in the bedroom. They also borrowed 10,000 debts when they built the house, because the old one was too shabby to live. But after her husband passed away when he drove a tractor to pull wood, this family lost its backbone.<br /> <br /> ====卿子晔 Qing Ziye====<br /> <br /> 大山上长着一片又一片的树林。为了砍伐那些木头，人们顺着羊肠小道进入山的内部。那些小道崎岖而颠簸。有时候，道路像铺了红地毯，显得格外友好；有时候，那道路化身为一把闪光的利剑，显得格外狰狞。丈夫并不是没有感受到那利剑的可怕，但他还是迎着锋芒向前走去。然而，山路上到底发生了什么，他来不及向妻子讲述，便永远地闭上了眼睛。当女人看到男人那既可怕又可怜的样子时，感觉一阵剧痛弥漫全身。丈夫的影子在半空中注视着妻子在嚎啕大哭，虽然忧心忡忡但却无能为力。对于别人，这是个茶余饭后的小事；然而对于这个家，这是个历史上的决定性事件。<br /> 此后，矮个子女人便经常跑到山坡上去抹眼泪——她心里的仇怨实在淤积得太多。别人家的砂糖橘，已经卖了不少钱；可她家的树才挂了两年果，就得了黄龙病。没办法，只能把树连根挖掉。挖树的时候，她像在手术台上做手术，但却又没有打麻药，整个身子发烫发抖。她感觉那些被砍断的树枝，就是她的胳膊和大腿。那是可怕的2012年。那个时候的她，认为自己已达到了伤心欲绝的顶点；然而，第二年，她又迎来了更大的灾难！丈夫离去时她哭得昏天黑地，感觉自己被截肢掉胳膊和大腿后，连心脏也整个儿被活生生摘去了。<br /> <br /> There were groves of trees on the mountain. In order to cut down the trees, people winded through the trail into the mountain. The paths were rough and bumpy. Sometimes they were comfortable for walking like laid with a carpet, while sometimes they were difficult for walking like growing bunches of swords on it. Though the husband knew exactly about the horror of the “swords”, but he still walked forward. However, he closed his eyes forever before he could tell his wife what had happened on the mountain road. As the woman saw the terrible and pitiful appearance of her husband, she was covered with great pain. His soul, lifting to the air, watched his wife crying and could not do anything except worrying. His death may just a trivial matter after dinner for others, but for his family it was an earth-shaking event. After that, the short woman often stayed on the hillside, wiping away her tears – she was full all grudge in her mind. When other people’s sugar oranges have already been sold for a lot of money, her orange trees have got the disease of Citrus yellow shoot after bearing fruit for only two years. She had no choice but to cut the trees and dig its roots. During this, she was burning and shaking, like lying on the operating table without anaesthesia. She felt that the falling branches were her arms and thighs. It was 2012, a terrible year for her. She thought she had reached the zenith of heartbreak, however, the next year, she met an even greater disaster! When her husband left, she cried so much as if losing her arms and thighs, she had then lost her heart .<br /> <br /> ==== 仇绪 Qiu Xu====<br /> <br /> 丈夫的肉身虽然已不存在，但他的影子依旧徘徊在屋里。那影子总是舍不得，放不下，总渴望能给家里帮点什么忙。妻子能强烈地感受到那影子的存在，所以，她一点也不敢懈怠，总是忙<br /> 前忙后地干着活。有朝一日，当她的影子和丈夫的影子相遇时，她要对他做一个全面的交代。然而现在，当她一个人撑起这个家时，感觉肩头的担子实在是太重了。现在，每一天的时间都好像特别得长，每一分钱都好像特别难挣。每日凌晨，当她一觉醒来睁开眼睛后，虽然觉得疲惫并没有一丝消退，但还是急忙忙地开始了劳作。<br /> 2014年，女儿考上了广东技术师范学院。然而，这样一件好事却让母亲为了难——到广州读大学，每年的学杂费需要2万多；而儿子在读中学，学费也要1万多。她瘫在床上左思右想，最后，还是挣扎着出了门。她咬着牙借了4万多的外债，为了让孩子们能继续求学。然而，从此，她便成了有债的人。这样的人走路时，影子不像云雀，也不像燕子，而像蜗牛。那蜗牛每往前踱一步，都显得艰涩异常。2015年的某一天，她朝镜子里一望，发现黑发里掺杂上了很多银丝。<br /> <br /> Though her husband passed away, but she can feel that he still lingered in the room and hoped to do some housework for this family. His wife had a strong feeling of his existence, therefore, she spared no efforts on sorting out the family. One day when she met his husband on the other side, she would make a comprehensive conclusion about her contributions on this family. But now, she feels that she shoulders too heavy a burden by herself alone. Now, every day seems to be extended too long for her and every coin seems to be too hard to make. Every morning when she waked up, though being tired out, but she still forced herself to work.In 2014, her daughter has been enrolled into Guangdong Technology and Normal University. However, such a pleasing thing brought difficulties for this family, because she needs to pay 20,000 yuan for tuition, in addition to that, she also needs to pay 10,000 yuan for his son’s tuition in the middle school. She lay on the bed, managing to think out a solution to that, finally she made a resolution to borrow more than 40,000 yuan in order to help them to further their education. Since then, she was burdened with debt and every step she made was like neither the swiftness of lark nor the swallow but more like a snail that struggles to move forward. In 2005, one day she take a look in the mirror, finding that her hair gradually turned grey.<br /> <br /> Though her husband passed away, but she can feel that he still lingered in the room and hoped to do some housework for this family. His wife had a strong feeling of his existence, therefore, she spared no efforts to sort out the family. One day in the future when she meets his husband on the other side, she could make a comprehensive conclusion about her contributions to this family. But now, she feels that she shoulders too heavy a burden by herself alone. Now, every day seems to be extended too long for her and every coin seems to be too hard to earn. Every morning when she waked up, though being tired out, but she still forced herself to work. In 2014, her daughter was enrolled into Guangdong Technology and Normal University. However, such a pleasing thing brought difficulties for this family, because she needed to pay 20,000 yuan for tuition and fees, in addition to that, she also needed to pay 10,000 yuan for her son’s tuition in the middle school. She lay on the bed, managing to think out a solution, finally she made a resolution of borrowing more than 40,000 yuan in order to help them to further their education. Since then, she was burdened with debts and every step she made was like neither the swiftness of lark nor the swallow but more like a snail that struggled to move forward. In 2005, one day she took a look in the mirror, finding that her hair gradually turned grey.<br /> <br /> ==== 全永慧 Quan Yonghui====<br /> <br /> 她的日子是从2016年开始变好的——这一年，国家的精准扶贫政策开始实施。到2018年时，她甚至有了底气，勇敢地承包了10亩山地——原来，是扶贫干部们给了她“支持”。“好啊！好啊！”看着那一捆捆小树苗和一袋袋鼓囊囊的化肥，她笑得合不拢嘴，右侧脸颊上的酒窝也变得更深了。在要不要“承包山地”这件事上，她一直犹豫不决——树苗和化肥的投入至少要1万块，而她是个女人，要单独养家，每一分钱的投入都要谨慎再谨慎！现在，有了这些“支持”，她变得笃定起来。在承包合同上签字时，她的手并没有颤抖。“这一包，就是25年啊！”她的眼睛陡然间变得明亮起来，像手电筒换上了新电池。<br /> <br /> Her life has taken a turn for the better since 2016 - the year when the targeted poverty alleviation policy began to be implemented throughout the country. By 2018, she even had the courage and power to contract 10 mu of mountain land -her confidence derived from the &quot;supports&quot; given by poverty-alleviation cadres. &quot;Good! good!&quot; Looking at the bundles of saplings and bags of fertilizers, she smiled from ear to ear with the dimple on her right cheek even deeper. In the first place as regards whether to &quot;contract mountain land&quot;, she has always been hesitant about it -the money in investments of seedlings and fertilizers was at least 10,000 yuan. Besides as a mother, she has to support the family on her own, so every penny should be invested cautiously! However, with the supporting policies she felt secure when doing it. When she signed the contract, her hands did not shake. &quot;This is a 25-year contract!&quot; Her eyes flashed with delight and hope, like a flashlight glowing with new batteries.<br /> <br /> Her life has taken a turn for the better since 2016 - the year when the targeted poverty alleviation policy was introduced throughout the country. By 2018, she even had the courage and confidence to contract 10 mu of mountain land thanks to the &quot;supports&quot; given by poverty-alleviation cadres. &quot;Good! good!&quot; Looking at the bundles of saplings and bags of fertilizers, she smiled from ear to ear with the dimple on her right cheek even deeper. In the first place as regards whether to &quot;contract mountain land&quot;, she has always been hesitant about it -the money in investments of seedlings and fertilizers was at least 10,000 yuan. Besides as a mother, she has to support the family on her own, so every penny should be invested cautiously! However, with the supporting policies she felt secure when doing it. When she signed the contract, her hands did not shake. &quot;This is a 25-year contract!&quot; Her eyes flashed with delight and hope, like a flashlight glowing with new batteries.<br /> <br /> ==== 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====<br /> <br /> 麻竹笋的收获期在每年的6月到9月间，而这段时间，也是她最繁忙的时间。“一有时间我就去山上拔草和砍笋，一有时间我就去。”砍笋是个辛苦活——单是走进山里，便需要半个多小时；而将那些又长又重的大炮弹砍下来，装在筐子里担回来，便既需要体力，又需要耐心。每一颗麻竹笋都差不多有2米高，叶片宽阔而肥大，在风中刷啦啦地响。整个夏天，这些笋子都在生长着，一刻也不停歇。在砍笋时，她能闻到一股混合着青草、溪水和泥土的香味。2019年，她的笋卖了2400元，但她并不灰心——到2020年，笋的收入至少在1万元以上。她扳着指头算了一笔细账——2018年时，一斤笋的价格是4.5角；2019年，已涨到了9角，那么2020年呢？她的嘴角弯成了月亮。<br /> <br /> This is her busiest time of year, as the harvest season for mahogany shoots is between June and September. “As soon as I can, I go to the mountains to pick weeds and harvest bamboo shoots”. It takes more than half an hour merely to go into the mountains, and cutting down those long, hefty shoots and lugging them back in baskets requires both physical strength and patience. Each bamboo stem is about 2 meters tall and has broad, plump leaves that rustle in the breeze. The shoots grow continuously throughout the entire summer. As she cut down the shoots, she could smell a mixture of grass, stream and earth. In 2019, she earned 2,400 yuan from the sale of her shoots, but she is not discouraged: by 2020, the shoots will produce at least 10,000 yuan. She fingered a small account in detail: in 2018, a pound of bamboo shoots cost 45 cents; in 2019, the price had grown to 90 cents; therefore, what would the price be in 2020? Her lips curved into the shape of the moon.<br /> <br /> ==== 疏珊 Shu Shan====<br /> <br /> 2019年时，当扶贫干部介绍她到村委会工作时，她爽快地答应了。每个月有2600元的收入，虽然听着很不错，但干起来也不轻松——每天早晨6点上班，给20多个人准备早饭。上午时，要把两层半的房间全部打扫干净。午饭和晚饭是重头戏，要荤素搭配，有菜有汤。午饭后她会步行回家，稍作休息；之后，再返回来做晚饭。等将全部碗筷都收拾完毕后，天色早已浓黑。等她回到家洗洗涮涮后，便倒头就睡。她常常一夜无梦到天明，睁眼后又即刻出门去干活。<br /> When poverty alleviation cadres introduced her to work in the village committee back in 2019, she agreed right away. An income of 2,600 yuan a month sounded great, but the job wasn't easy. Because she needs to work at 6 o’clock every morning and prepare breakfast for more than 20 people. All the rooms on the near two and a half floors have to be cleaned in the morning. Lunch and dinner are the hardest part for they require a balance of meat and vegetables, and soup. After lunch she walks home for a short rest and then comes back to make dinner. By the time all the dishes were cleaned up, it would be dark outside. The moment she got home and washed up, she fell asleep. She often sleeps through the night without a dream. When she wakes up, she goes back to work right away. <br /> <br /> Introduced a work in the village committee by a poverty alleviation cadre, she agreed right away back in 2019. In spite of good monthly salary worth of 2,600 yuan, the job wasn’t easy. Specifically, she needed to work at 6 o’clock every morning, cooking breakfast for more than 20 people. All the rooms on the near two and a half floors had to be cleaned before noon. Lunch and dinner were the hardest part for they required a balance of meat, vegetables, and soup. After lunch she walked home for a short rest and then came back to make dinner. By the time all the dishes were cleaned up, it would be dark outside. The moment she got home and washed up, she was exhausted to fall asleep immediately. She often slept through the night without a dream. Another same day began when she woke up.<br /> <br /> 做饭是她的看家本领，她早已练得十分熟稔，可是，在家里做饭，不需要卡着时间点，而在村委会做饭，则要有时间意识。一进厨房，戴上围裙和袖套，这个女人即刻变成了这间屋子的女王。所有的锅碗瓢盆、煤气灶电饭煲，都成了她的士兵。她先在脑子里勾勒出一张作战图，继而便手脚勤快地实施了起来——先用电饭煲把米饭煮上，再将青菜切成块，泡在红色水桶中；又用力剁鸡，将鸡块用盐和花椒腌上；再切姜和剁葱，准备烧菜时使用。<br /> She is adept at cooking after many practices. She doesn't need to keep track of time at home, but needs to be on time in the village committee. Once in the kitchen, with apron and sleeves on, this woman instantly becomes the queen of the room. All the pots and pans, the gas stove and rice cooker, become her soldiers. She sketches out a battle plan in her head and then implements it diligently: cooks the rice first; cuts the vegetables into cubes and soak them in a red bucket; cuts the chicken hard and marinates the pieces in salt and pepper; then prepare the minced ginger and spring onions for cooking.<br /> <br /> She was skillful at cooking after many practices. However, the difference lied between cooking at home and at the village committee was that she didn’t need to serve meals on time at home while she had to be in a rush at village committee. Once in the kitchen, with apron and sleeves on, this woman instantly became the queen of the room. All the pots and pans, the gas stove and rice cooker, become her soldiers. She sketched out a battle plan in her head and then implemented it diligently: cooking rice first, cutting vegetables into cubes and soaking them in a red bucket; cutting the chicken hard and marinating the pieces in salt and pepper; then preparing the minced ginger and springing onions for cooking.<br /> <br /> ==== 王芳玲 Wang Fangling====<br /> <br /> 厨房是一个让她忘记伤痛的地方，也是一个让她感觉自己有用的地方。出现在厨房里的那些大米、黄豆、花生和鸡鸭，都是她非常熟悉的食材。当她的指尖抚摸过那些东西时，她将自己无限的深情也传递了出去。她爱这些东西——这是一种最纯粹的人类的同情心；而那些食材，也坦然地接受了她的爱意。最终，它们变成了热气腾腾的佳肴，完成了自己的蝶变。<br /> 离开厨房的时候，她总觉得自己活得很艰难，然而，一旦进入到这个空间后，她又觉得比自己更艰难的，是手下的这些植物和动物。当丈夫离开的那个瞬刻，她以为自己完全丧失了热爱的能力。然而，当她进入到厨房后，脑袋里会自动编排出葱、姜、蒜、大米和鸡肉的位置，于是，她知道自己的热爱能力又回来了。最重要的一点是——厨房里有火！那火光让她感受到活着是那样得温暖。这温暖让她的思路不会总徘徊在黑暗而寒冷的区域——她曾在那里挣扎了很久。当丈夫离世后，她觉得自己像陷入了沼泽地，一直在苦苦地挣扎着。<br /> <br /> The kitchen is a spot where she forgets her pain and finds her own value. The ingredients at kitchen such as rice, soybeans, peanuts, chicken and duck are all things she is very familiar with. She conveyed her infinite affection when touching those things with her fingertips. She loves these things—this is the purest human sympathy; and those ingredients also accept her love frankly. They completed their transformation, ending up being steaming delicacies. She always felt life difficult when she was not at the kitchen. However, once she entered the space, she felt that it was the plants and animals at kitchen that were more difficult than herself. The moment her husband left, she thought she had completely lost the ability to love. However, when she entered the kitchen, she would automatically arrange the positions of onion, ginger, garlic, rice and chicken, which made her knew that she had her love ability back. And most importantly - there is a fire in the kitchen! The firelight made her feel so warm to be alive. This warmth prevented her thoughts from always wandering in the dark and cold area—she had struggled there for a long time. When her husband passed away, she felt like she was stuck in a swamp, struggling all the time.<br /> <br /> ==== 王纪龙 Wang Jilong====<br /> <br /> 那段时间，她的目光变得呆滞，手脚变得僵硬，整个灵魂像是脱离开肉体已从窗户里飞出去。然而，绝望、悲哀和痛苦并没有压倒她，她还是挺了过来。当她来到了厨房——这个有火光的地方——重新进入到母亲的角色中时，她变得有了自信。<br /> 随着时间的推移，她体会到了一种忙碌中的快乐。在这种快乐中，她的日子过得比往常要更加充实。在经历了黄龙病和车祸后，她以为自己根本没法活过下去，可谁能想到，峰回路转，日子会变成今天这般模样。现在，她容光焕发，神采奕奕，像一朵盛开的鲜花。2018年，女儿大学毕业后，在广州的一家贸易公司工作，每个月有5000多的薪水。在女儿的帮助下，她已彻底还清外债且略有盈余。一切都变得美好起来。她用力地挥舞着锅铲，嘴角挂着微笑。<br /> <br /> During that time, her eyes became dull, her hands and feet turned stiff, and her whole soul seemed out of the body and flew out of the window. However, despair, sadness and pain did not overwhelm her, and she pulled through it. When she came to the kitchen - the place with fire - and rededicated herself to the role of mother, she turned out to be confident. As time went on, she realized a kind of happiness in her busy life. In this kind of happiness, her life is more substantial than ever. After going through Huanglong disease and car accident, she thought that she could not survive at all, but unexpectedly that dark clouds have silver linings and life turned into what it is today. Now, she is radiant and energetic, like a blooming flower. In 2018, after her daughter graduated from college, she worked in a trading company in Guangzhou with a salary of more than 5000 per month. With her daughter's help, she completely paid off her debts and had a little savings. Everything became better. She waved the spatula vigorously and smiled.<br /> <br /> During that time, her eyes became dull, her arms and legs stiffened, and her whole soul felt like it had broken away from her body and flown out of the window. However, despair, sorrow and pain did not overwhelm her, and she pulled through. As she made her way to the kitchen - a place where there was a fire - and re-entered her role as a mother, she became confident. As time went on, she experienced a joy in the midst of her busyness. In this joy, her days were more fulfilling than usual. After experiencing Huanglong's disease and the car accident, she thought she would never survive, but who would have thought that her life would turn around and become what it is today. Now she is radiant and glowing, like a flower in full bloom, and in 2018, after graduating from university, her daughter is working for a trading company in Guangzhou, earning a salary of over 5,000 a month. With the help of her daughter, she has completely paid off her external debts and has a small surplus. Everything was looking up. She waved her spatula hard, a smile on her lips.<br /> <br /> == Part 15 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 汪世博 Wang Shibo ====<br /> 糍粑<br /> <br /> 做糍粑很费周折——先把大米和糯米洗净，在水里浸泡10个小时以上，再装入大碗后蒸15分钟；将热米倒入厚底锅中，用擀面杖使劲捣，捣到看不见米粒为止（或放在石槽里用石锤捣）；让捣好的糯米团滚上花生、芝麻和白糖混合的蘸料即可。做糍粑是个体力活——熟糯米一定要捣到看不见米粒才更粘糯。花生和芝麻也要打得碎一点才好吃。<br /> 那一次，陆永门看到爷爷把一碗糍粑偷偷递给堂孙后，这个18岁的女生便很不高兴。当她嘀咕着“爸妈在地里干活，还没吃到糍粑”时，爷爷威严的脸庞上堆起了乌云。当他瞪起双眼，将两道剑一般的目光射向女孩时，听到对方发出一声锐利的尖叫。那目光实在太过凌厉，以致让那女孩的身心都被分离开。“我疯了！”<br /> <br /> Mochi (Rice patties)<br /> <br /> To make mochi is tricky - first wash the rice and glutinous rice, soak them in water for 10 hours or more, then fill a large bowl and steam for 15 minutes; pour the hot rice into a thick-bottomed pot and pound it hard with a rolling pin until no grains are visible (or put it in a stone trough and pound it with a stone hammer); let the pounded glutinous rice ball be rolled in a mixture of peanuts, sesame and sugar for dipping The dough is then rolled in a mixture of peanuts, sesame seeds and sugar for dipping. Making mochi is a physical task - the cooked rice must be pounded until the grains are invisible to make it sticky. The peanuts and sesame seeds must also be pounded to make them tasty. On one occasion, the 18-year-old girl was upset when Lu Yongmen saw her grandfather sneak a bowl of mochi to his cousin. When she muttered, &quot;Mum and dad are working in the fields and haven't had any mochi yet&quot;, a dark cloud piled up on her grandfather's majestic face. A sharp scream was heard as he glared up at the girl with two sword-like glances. The gaze was so overpowering that it split the girl's mind and body. &quot;I'm mad!&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== 王雅姝 Wang Yashu====<br /> <br /> 当你看着那个已不再是女孩的女人时，惊讶于那种腔调中的欢快，那里几乎没有一丝愁绪——“我疯了”。一碗糍粑就这样改变了她的命运。现在，作为中年妇女和有着长期疾病史的她，在回忆自己的前半生时，将注意力定格在那碗糍粑上！在陆永门看来，糍粑不仅仅是熟米碾碎后，蘸上花生、芝麻和白糖的一种糕点，糍粑的味道也不仅仅是香、甜、粘、糯。不！糍粑是简朴生活里最美味的调剂品，它的味道像火焰一般绚丽。咀嚼糍粑时，心里会升腾起一股难言的快感，而那种绵软香甜的味道，会反复地出现在她的脑海中。<br /> 你难以想象，当18岁的陆永门在“疯了”之后，会经常想起“糍粑”这个词！怨就怨那糍粑实在太美味，而那种味道又在她的记忆里太过深刻。当某种感受超越了某个临界点后，它便像河水漫溢过堤坝，一切都变得肆意汪洋起来。于是，她说，“我疯了”。<br /> <br /> Looking at the woman who is no longer a girl, you are amazed by the cheerfulness carried in her tone:<br /> &quot;I'm insane.&quot; There isn't a hint of sorrowful feelings. Her fate was thereafter changed by a bowl of ciba. Now, as a middle-aged woman with a long history of disease, the first thing Lu Yongmen could remember about her first half of life is that bowl of ciba. To her, ciba is more than a kind of cake made of glutinous rice after being steammed and pounded, sprinkled with ground peanut, sesame and white sugar; and its flavour is not just tasty, sticky, sweet or soft. No! Ciba is the most delicious addition to her simple life, and its flavour is as vivid as the burning flame. Each time Lu chews it, a tide of unspeakable pleasure will be welling up inside her body, and that kind of soft, sweet taste repeatedly flashes through her mind. It's hard to imagine Lu would often recall the word &quot;ciba&quot; after being mentally ill at the age of 18. We can only ascribe it to the good savour of ciba and the deep impression the taste left in her memory. When a certain feeling becomes so strong that it exceeds a certain point, just like a river flooding it banks, then it would be too much to bear. Therefore, she spoke out: &quot;I'm insane.&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== 王植碧 Wang Zhibi====<br /> <br /> 整个世界就这样崩溃了。原本，人们以为只有在遇到特殊情况下，人才会发疯——被闪电或春雷击中——怎么可能会是一碗糍粑？那女孩疯了后会胡言乱语，张嘴骂人，浑身打摆子，喘着粗气。她像是被另一个人附了体，浑身都充满了破坏的能量。她本来是个健壮而美丽的女子，然而一瞬间，她变成了一个有手有脚的母兽。整个夜晚，她都瞪着闪闪发光的眼睛难以入睡。她在等待什么呢？谁也不清楚。然而，她就那样瞪着眼睛，一个小时一个小时地等待着。她的头脑混乱至极，神志模糊，虽疲惫不堪，但却无法陷入睡眠。那时候，她的嘴唇一次次咀嚼着一个词——糍粑！糍粑！糍粑！<br /> <br /> Their worldview got a great shock. They thought that one would go crazy rarely under certain circumstances before, for example, hitting by lighting or thunder. How it can be a bowl of Ciba (glutinous rice cake)? After that girl lost her mind, she would breathe deeply to rave and scold others with a tremulous body, as if she was controlled by others and filled with destructive energy. She was supposed to be a strong and beautiful woman. However, at the moment, she was like a monster with arms and legs. All night, she stared at her shining eyes and couldn't sleep. What was she waiting for? Nobody known. But, she still stared her eyes hour by hour with a mess in her brain. Though she was tires, she unable to fall asleep. At that time, her lips whispered a word again and again - Ciba! Ciba! Ciba!<br /> <br /> Their worldview got a great shock. They thought that one would go crazy rarely under certain circumstances before, for example, being hit by lightning or spring thunder. How can it be a bowl of Ciba (glutinous rice cake)? After the girl lost her mind, she would talk nonsense, and scold others with a tremulous body and heavy pants as if she was controlled by another person and full of destructive energy. She was supposed to be a strong and beautiful girl. However, for a moment, she turned out a female monster with arms and legs. All night, she stared with her sparkling eyes and couldn't fall asleep. What was she waiting for? Nobody knew. However, staring her eyes, she still waited hour by hour. Being utterly confused and unconscious, she was unable to fall asleep though she was exhausted. At that time, her lips whispered a word again and again - Ciba! Ciba! Ciba! (Wang Zhiling)<br /> <br /> ==== 王智灵 Wang Zhiling====<br /> 欢乐<br /> <br /> 那一天，陆永门正在山上砍麻竹笋。突然，她的手一抖，虎口出了血。这意外让她心里一紧，觉得要出什么事，而且，这件事一定和钱有关——手都出血了啊！果然，一回家，她就看到了那副可恶的画面：十一只鸭子摆放在门口，模样整整齐齐，但却都直挺挺的。鸭子是被她家的狗咬死的，所以鸭子的主人们就把冤屈发泄在了她家门口。邻居们毫不客气——说一只鸭子要赔一百元。他们还用手机拍了照，说不赔钱就让村委会的人来处理。她听了浑身发抖——市场上买只活鸭也不过50元啊！可是没办法，谁让咱家的狗不争气。赔！她拿出了11张100元的票子后，便把狗拴了起来。<br /> <br /> Mirth<br /> <br /> On that day, Lu Yongmen was chopping bamboo shoots on the mountain. Suddenly, her hand shook and her first web space bled. This accident made her nervous and she felt that something bad was going to happen, and it must have something to do with money because her hand was bleeding! As expected, as soon as she came back home, she saw the abominable scene. Eleven ducks were placed at the door, all neat but upright. Those ducks were bit to death by her dog, so those ducks’ owners vented their grievances at her door. Her neighbors, who were unceremonious-claimed compensation of one hundred yuan for each duck. They even took photos with phones and said that if she refuse to compensate, they would ask the cadres of the village committee to handle it. She trembled all over after hearing what they had said- it’s only 50 yuan to buy a live duck in the market! However, she has no other way. After all, it’s her dog that bit their ducks to death. “Compensate!” After she had taken out eleven hundred-yuan notes, she tied the dog up.<br /> <br /> Joy<br /> <br /> On that day, Lu Yongmen was chopping bamboo shoots on the mountain. Suddenly, her hand shook and the web between her thumb and index finger bled. This accident made her nervous and she felt that something bad was going to happen, and it must have something to do with money--her hand was bleeding! Sure enough, as soon as she came back home, she saw the abominable scene: Eleven ducks were placed at the door, all neat and tidy. The ducks had been killed by her dog, so the ducks’ owners were venting their grievances at her door. Her neighbors, who were unceremonious-claimed compensation of one hundred yuan for each duck. They even took photos with their phones and said that if she refused to compensate, they would ask the cadres of the village committee to do something about it. She trembled all over after hearing what they had said--it’s only 50 yuan to buy a live duck in the market! However, she had no other choice. After all, it was her dog that killed their ducks. “Compensate!” After she had taken out eleven 100-hundred RMB bills, she tied the dog up. -BW<br /> <br /> ==== Wellsand, Benjamin====<br /> <br /> 她的心里十分难受——她难受的不仅仅是11张100元，还有那些风凉话。知道她拿到了低保金后，有些邻居便很不舒服，开始说起闲言碎语来——“他家风一吹钱就有了”“他家进医院不害怕的”。 陆永门直着嗓门喊：“他们不知道进医院的滋味，其实并不好受啊。”她家被评为低保户后，一个人一个月能补助251元。她和丈夫的残疾补助有770元，孩子上学一年可获得生活补助3000元。现在，她家的日子不再紧巴巴，甚至还有了点小存款。<br /> 40岁出头的她脸色发黑，肚腩凸起，腿粗手肿。她穿着件灰色的短袖T恤衫，深蓝色的长裤，粉红拖鞋。她有着一头浓密的黑色短发，总是一说一笑，很是快活的模样。虽然她说话的声音很洪亮，但说上两句就有些气喘，因为她的身体是虚的。然而，她更重要的问题不在肉体上，而在精神上。<br /> <br /> She felt extremely uncomfortable--not only because of the eleven 100 RMB bills, but also those sarcastic remarks. Her neighbors felt uncomfortable and began to gossip, knowing that she had received her welfare check--&quot;His family has month as the wind blows&quot; and &quot;His family isn't afraid to visit the hospital.&quot; Lu Yongmen frankly straightforwardly shouted, &quot;They don't know what it's like to enter a hospital, it's not good!&quot; After her family was designated a low-income household, each person could receive a 251 RMB subsidy per month. The disability subsidy amount for her and her husband is 770 RMB, and the education subsidies for her children are 3,000 RMB per year. Now her family's money is no longer tight, and she even has a little savings. In her early forties, she has a dark-skinned face, a big stomach, thick legs, and swollen hands. She had a gray T-shirt, dark blue jeans, and pink slippers. She has short, thick black hair, and always talks then smiles--very happy. Although speaking loudly, she was out of breath after two sentences, because her body was weak. However, her biggest issue was not physical, but spiritual. -BW<br /> <br /> ==== 吴博涵 Wu Bohan====<br /> <br /> 她洪亮地宣布着这个结论——“我有精神病！”医生的诊断更为专业——“精神分裂”。她会突然间倒地，丧失意识，继而伴有痉挛和尖叫，以致面色铁青，口吐白沫，瞳孔散大，浑身抽搐。医生说“这种病的发作没有规律，但要在生活中特别留意，千万不要诱发它。”如果感冒发热，或吃了刺激性及热性的食物后，会让身体不舒适，会引发病情的爆发。医生告诫她不能吃牛肉和羊肉，也不能吃辛辣的东西。<br /> <br /> She announced the conclusion in a booming voice – “I’m insane!” The doctor gave a more professional diagnosis – “schizophrenia.” When the disease attacks, she would suddenly fall on the ground and become unconscious, convulsing and screaming until her face was livid, and her mouth would foam, her pupils would dilate and her body would convulse. The doctor said, “The attack of this disease is irregular, but you should pay special attention to it in life, do not induce it.” If she catches a cold and gets fever, or eats irritating and hot food, these will all make her body uncomfortable, thus causing the outbreak of disease. The doctor warned her not to eat beef or mutton, or any spicy food. <br /> <br /> She announced the conclusion loudly – “I’m insane!” The doctor gave a more professional diagnosis – “schizophrenia”. When the disease attacked, she would suddenly fall on the ground and become unconscious, cramping and screaming until her face was livid, her mouth foam, her pupils dilate and her body convulse. The doctor said, “The attack of this disease is irregular, but you should pay special attention to it in life, do not induce it.” If she had a cold and fever, or ate irritating and hot food, it would make the body uncomfortable and trigger an outbreak of the disease. The doctor warned her not to eat beef or mutton, or anything spicy. <br /> <br /> 20岁时，她到深圳去打工，在罗湖区的一户人家里当保姆。那个时候，她以为吃了药后病情就会被控制住。然而，不到一个月，不知是因为吃了什么不好的东西，再次诱使她的病情发作。从深圳返回村里，她又去医院看病。在吃了一个多月的药后，才算控制住。<br /> <br /> When she was 20, she went to Shenzhen to work as a nanny for a family in Luohu District. At that time, she thought the medicine would put her illness under control. However, it was within a month that she ate something bad that triggered the disease again. Returning from Shenzhen, she went to the hospital again. It took more than a month to get it under control with the help of medicine. <br /> <br /> At the age of 20, she went to Shenzhen to work as a nanny for a family in Luohu District. At that time, she thought the medicine would put her disease under control. However, it was within a month that she ate something bad that triggered the disease again. Returning from Shenzhen, she went to the hospital again. It took more than a month to get it under control with the help of medicine.<br /> <br /> 之后，家人不让她出门打工，而只是放牛。第一次结婚时，她22岁。第二年，她生下了儿子。但是，在她29岁时，丈夫因失足落水而去世。当一年，那男人才41岁。<br /> <br /> After that, her family did not let her go out to work, but only allowed her to herd the cattle instead. She was 22 when she married for the first time. She gave birth to her son in the following year. But when she was 29, her husband fell overboard and died at the age of just 41.<br /> <br /> After that, her family did not let her go out to work, but only herd the cattle instead. She got first married at 22 and gave birth to her son in the following year. But when she was 29, her husband fell into water and died at the age of just 41.<br /> <br /> ==== 伍超穎 Wu Chaoying ====<br /> <br /> 第二次结婚时，她嫁给了邓新建。当别人给她介绍这个男人时，她并没有嫌弃对方的耳朵是聋的。“是我追他的！”她乐呵呵地这样宣布。这是个体体面面的男人，身量适中，体格健壮，头发浓黑，五官端正，嘴唇上有一抹淡淡的胡须。他穿着件黄色的短袖T恤衫和蓝色牛仔裤，显得相当潇洒。然而，他家的条件很是一般——虽然也有山地，但却没什么存款，所以找老婆很困难。她不嫌弃他，反而觉得这个男人心肠软，是个好人。她在和你讲话的时候，丈夫就坐在旁边安静地凝视着——他完全信任她。显然，再婚后的她对日子相当满意。第二年，她生下了女儿。到2019年时，女儿已是12岁的小学六年级学生。她慨叹女儿“读书一般”，说孩子“总是为怎么样做作业而发愁”“她英语还不错，可数学不太好”。现在，她的大儿子已20岁出头，在外面打工，给别人安装防盗门。<br /> <br /> On her second marriage, she married Deng Xinjian. When the man was introduced to her, she didn't mind his deaf ears. &quot;I chased him!&quot; she announced cheerfully. He was a decent and well-built man of moderate size, with thick black hair, good features and light beard on his lips. He looked quite handsome in a yellow short-sleeved T-shirt and blue jeans. However, the condition of his family was ordinary - although he owned farmland, he had no savings, causing troubles for finding a wife. She did not despise him and regarded him as a soft-hearted and kind person. While she was talking to you, her husband sat next to her and looked quietly - he fully trusted her. Apparently, after remarriage, she was quite satisfied with her life. The following year, she gave birth to her daughter. By 2019, her daughter was a 12-year-old sixth-grader. She complained that her daughter was &quot;average in reading&quot;, &quot;who always worries about how to do her homework&quot;, and &quot;her English is not bad, but math is not very good&quot;, and other things liked that. Now, her eldest son is in his early 20s, who installs security doors for others as his job.<br /> <br /> ==== 吴敏 Wu Min====<br /> <br /> 2018年，她砍树挣了1万多元，砍笋又挣了2700元。2019年，她的日子虽然也能过得去，但还谈不上富裕。夏天时，家里买了床薄被子，她和丈夫便争着盖——“哎呀，只有一床哦！”丈夫原本就耳聋，可是在2014年时，他还出了一次交通事故——被摩托车撞到半空又跌落了下来。拉到英德医院去抢救时，整个面部都扭曲了，鼻孔裂开，胃也穿了孔。虽然对方赔了4000元，但他们自己也掏不少医药费。她家有8分地，骑摩托车半小时便可到达。以前地里种的是红薯，现在种的是水稻。她得意地说：“我在10月底之前就已经收割完稻子了，我怕下大雨后收不了。”现在，她的身体依旧不好，经常会失眠。有时，她从晚上11点到早上5点都睡不着。到了5点半，丈夫叫她起床，说准备下地了，可她其实只睡了半个小时。因为吃药多，她的手和脚都发肿，有时浑身还会发痒。她的老公除了耳聋外，还有心脏病和胃病。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli ====<br /> <br /> 她兴致勃勃地邀你去参观她父母的房子——“就在旁边哦！”那是一栋砖房，刷了白颜色，钢筋铁门上挂着“家和万事兴”的小牌匾。推门而入，客厅的地面上抹了水泥，墙上刷了石灰，但墙皮的颜色有些发黄。卧室里挂着白色蚊帐，钢管上掉挂着各类衣服。厨房里的灶台很大，有三眼火。侧旁的木桌上，有一个煤气灶。客厅里摆放着木沙发、木茶几、电视和冰箱。显然，这是连樟村里，最普通最常态的居家模样。<br /> 她兴致勃勃地带你去参观她出生时的房子。那是一栋泥土屋。在虚掩的木门两侧，贴着红底黑字的对联；门旁是一堆整整齐齐的木柴。推门而入，你即刻被昏暗所包围，感觉屋里的一切都是黑乎乎的。她说除了奶奶在这里做饭外，现在这老屋已废弃不用了。那个灶房显得相当逼仄，而那个小灶台里居然还烧着柴。红黄的光芒泄漏了出来，让这个洞黑的空间有了一星亮光。<br /> 她的奶奶已经96岁了！她正在做饭！你简直被惊呆了，整个人都僵硬成了雕塑。<br /> <br /> She enthusiastically invites you to visit her parents' house. &quot;It's right next to it!&quot; It was a whitewashed brick house with a small plaque on the steel door that read &quot;Home and Everything prosper.&quot; Push the door into the living room, the ground with cement, the wall brush lime, but the color of the wall skin is a little yellow. A white mosquito net hung in the bedroom, and clothes hung from a steel pipe. The kitchen had a big stove with a three-eyed fire. There is a gas stove on a wooden table beside it. The living room has a wooden sofa, a wooden coffee table, a TV and a refrigerator. Obviously, this is Lianzhang Village, the most common and normal home appearance. She cheerfully shows you the house where she was born. It was a mud house. On either side of the closed wooden door were couplets in black letters on a red background; There was a neat pile of firewood by the door. Push the door in, you are immediately surrounded by darkness, feel everything in the room is black. She said the old house was now abandoned, except for Grandma cooking here. The stove was rather cramped, and there was wood burning on the small stove. The red and yellow glow leaks out, giving the space a single star of light. Her 96-year-old grandmother is cooking! You were so stunned that you froze into a statue.<br /> <br /> She enthusiastically invites you to visit her parents' house. It’s right near here. It is a whitewashed brick house with a small plaque on the steel-framed iron door which read &quot;Harmony at home brings prosperity.&quot; Push the door and step in, you will find their living room has cement floor and the wall is limed, but the wall skin is yellowish tinged. There is a white mosquito set in the bed room and various clothes are hung from a steel pipe. The hearth in their kitchen is so great and has three fire holes. Beside the wooden table sits a gas stove. The living room are equipped with a wooden sofa, a wooden coffee table, a TV and a refrigerator. Obviously, in Lianzhang Village, this is what the most common and normal home like. She cheerfully shows you around the house where she was born. It is a mud-brick house. On either side of the closed wooden door are couplets written in black on a red background. By the door piles a neat bundle of firewood. Open the door and enter, you will be drowned in darkness, feeling everything in the room is black. She said the old house was now abandoned except for Grandma cooking here. The stove is so cramped that in the small stove there should be firewood burning. The reddish yellow glow leaks out, giving the space a single beam of light. Her 96-year-old grandmother is cooking! You are ossified into a statue.<br /> <br /> ==== 席书涵 Xi Shuhan====<br /> <br /> 那个老奶奶试图将搪瓷缸坐进电饭煲里。她走路时整个身子都颤颤巍巍的，像是即刻就要摔倒，然而，她又将自己稳住，还娴熟地将电饭煲的盖子扣好，又转动按钮设置了时间。你看见塑料盆里泡着大米，发黑的毛巾吊挂在铁丝上，墙壁黝黑得像涂了墨汁。你惊讶地发现自己的眼睛正在逐渐适应暗黑，居然看到了木柜上放着的是酱油瓶和醋瓶，而木棍上吊挂着长长短短、厚厚薄薄的衣服。老奶奶的头发已全部花白，牙齿稀疏，眉毛清淡，额头和脸颊上有大片的老人斑。她套着件灰紫色的长袖衬衣，深蓝色的长裤，赤脚踩着双湖蓝色的拖鞋。她走路时是扶着拐杖的。这么大的年纪还要自己做饭——你的心里涌起一股心酸的涟漪。更让你惊诧的是，这样一间灶房里，居然还有水龙头，还能使用到自来水！<br /> <br /> The old granny is trying to put the enamel pot in the electric cooker. She walks with a waddle, seeming about to collapse in no minute. But she steadies herself, closes the electric cooker and switches the button to set the time smoothly. You see the rice soaked in the plastic tub, the stained towel hung on the steel string and the wall as black as daubed with ink. You may amazingly find your eyes are adjusting to the darkness, and the soy sauce bottle and vinegar bottle on the wooden cupboard, clothes hung on a wooden stick, short or long, thin and thick, all turns out to be clearer before you. The old granny has greyish hair, sparse teeth, light eyebrow and large blocks of senile plaque creeping on her forehead and cheek. She is cladded in a greyish purple blouse, deep blue trousers, and is bare-footed in a lake blue slipper. She hobbles with a cane. Having seen she had to cook on her own at such an old age, a surge of bitterness rippled in your heart. What shocks you more is that there should be a tap and running water available in such a shabby kitchen.<br /> <br /> ==== 夏盼 Xia Pan ====<br /> <br /> 在灶房旁的那间屋子，就是陆永门出生的屋子。除了从屋顶漏下的天光照在床板上外，这里的一切也是昏暗的。因长期没有住人，屋子里还散发着一种强烈的霉味。那味道好像是有体积的，像一块僵硬的砖头，砸得你鼻孔发疼。大厅内堆放着陈旧的木椅，各种备用的农具，各种鼓鼓囊囊的袋子。这个女子先是出生在这间泥土屋中，又在侧旁的那栋砖房里长大。百转千回，她在遭遇了种种波折后，居然还那样得爽朗，总能爆发出阵阵笑声。这一切都让你心绪难平，感慨万千。<br /> <br /> The room next to the stove is the room where Lu Yongmen was born. Everything is dim here, except for the skylight that leaks from the roof on the bed. There was a strong musty smell in the house because there was no one living there for a long time. The smell seemed bulky, like a stiff brick that hurt your nostrils. There are old wooden chairs, all kinds of spare farm tools, and all kinds of bulging bags stacked in the hall. This woman was born in this mud house and grew up in the brick house next to her. She was still so happy and outgoing after encountering various difficulties and changes. She always bursted into of laughter. All of this makes you feel uneasy and emotional.<br /> <br /> The room next to the stove is where Lu Yongmen was born. Here, everything is dim except for the skylight on the bed that leaks from the roof. There was a strong musty smell in the house because no one lived there for a long time. The smell seemed to be materialized like a stiff brick that hurt your nostrils. in the hall stacked old wooden chairs, a series of spare farm tools and bulging bags. This woman was born here and grew up in the brick house next door. Having gone through so many hardships, she was still outgoing and able to burst into laughter. All of this makes you sink into mingled thoughts.<br /> <br /> == Part 16 ==<br /> <br /> <br /> 解困房<br /> <br /> 1958年出生陆群仕，是田塘村小组的五保户。他穿着件灰色带黑点的长袖T恤，黑色长裤和黑皮鞋，一头短发下是一双浓眉和一对细眼。他说话的声音有些沙哑，总会情不自禁地挥舞着双手，面部表情极为丰富。和那些久居乡村的人比，他也算是见过大世面的人。他泡茶的动作相当熟练，而在那张玻璃茶几上，还有3个红牛易拉罐——那是他的烟灰缸。<br /> <br /> Low-rent Room <br /> Lu Qunshi, born in 1958, is a five-guarantee household of the Tiantang Village Group. He was wearing a grey long-sleeved T-shirt with black dots, black trousers, and black leather shoes. He had short hair with thick eyebrows and narrow eyes. His voice was a little hoarse, he could not help waving his hands, and his facial expressions were extremely rich. Compared with those who have lived in the countryside for a long time, he can be regarded as a person who has a lot of knowledge. He's very skilled at making tea water, and on that glass table, there are three Red Bull cans - which are his ashtray.<br /> <br /> Low-rent Room<br /> Lu Qunshi, born in 1958, is a five-guarantee household of the Tiantang Village Group. Wearing a grey long-sleeved T-shirt with black dots, black trousers and black leather shoes, he has short hair with thick eyebrows and narrow eyes. His voice is a little hoarse. He has an expressive face and is always waving his hands. Compared with those who have lived in the countryside for a long time, he has seen much of the world. He's very skilled at making tea. On the glass table are three cans of Red Bull, a type of energy drink - his ashtrays.<br /> <br /> ==== 夏依颐 Xia Yiyi====<br /> <br /> 他是独生子。小的时候，他家里的田很少，一年收入不过2000元。1999年，当他的父亲去世后，他便将家里的地让给亲戚种，自己来到连江口镇搞装修。当镇政府盖办公大楼时，他也来帮忙干活。2002年，当政府大楼盖好后，他便谋了个门卫的差事。这一干，就是20年。他的工资从最初的300元到500元，慢慢涨到现在的1500元，且包吃包住。他属于连樟村的五保户，每个月国家还补助900多元，所以日子算是“比上不足，笔下有余”。<br /> 然而，说起自己的身世后，他却像个委屈的少年，陡然间眼眶发红，声音哽咽，几乎要落下泪来。他感慨自己的命运如此坎坷——在他3岁时，母亲与父亲离婚后改嫁他人。在他6岁时，有一次村里搞活动，他远远地看到了母亲，可母亲却没有对他有任何亲昵的举动。在那一次遥远的眺望后，母亲便再也没有出现在他的视线中。他觉得自己是爱母亲的，但那种爱却像一块发酵的面团，在不断的膨胀中发生了变异。最后，当那爱快要演化成了恨的时候，他选择了遗忘。<br /> <br /> He is the only child. His family had very few fields when he was young, bringing them merely 2,000 yuan a year. In 1999, when his father died, he gave his family's land to relatives and became a decoration worker in Lianjiangkou town. In 2002, when the government building was completed, he found a job as a janitor. And he kept doing it for 20 years. Rising from 300 yuan to 500 yuan, his salary reached 1,500 yuan currently, excluding meals and accommodation provided. He is among the five guaranteed households in Lianzhang Village where the government also subsidizes more than 900 yuan per month, so he has been living reasonably well. But talking about his life experience would turn him into an aggrieved teenager, his eyes suddenly reddened, his voice choked, and he almost shed tears. He lamented his rough fate - when he was 3 years old, his mother divorced his father and remarried. Three years later, he saw his mother from afar during a village event, but she did not show any intimacy toward him. After that distant gaze, his mother never appeared in his sight again. He felt that his love for his mother was like a piece of fermented dough, mutating as it continued to expand. Finally, he chose to forget that love when it was evolving into hate.<br /> <br /> He was the only child. His family had very few fields when he was young, bringing them merely 2,000 yuan a year. In 1999, when his father died, he gave his family’s land to relatives and became a decoration worker in Lianjiangkou town. He also helped out when the town government built an office building and he found a job as a janitor after the completion of the building in 2002. He kept doing it for 20 years. Rising from 300 yuan to 500 yuan, his salary reached 1,500 yuan currently, with meals and accommodation provided. He was among the five guaranteed households in Lianzhang village for which the government also subsidized more than 900 yuan per month, so he was living reasonably well. But talking about his life experience would turn him into an aggrieved teenager, his eyes suddenly reddened, his voice choked, and his tears almost being down. He lamented his rough fate--when he was 3 years old, his parents got divorced and his mother remarried. Three years later, he saw his mother from afar during a village event, but she did not show any intimacy toward him. After that distant gaze, his mother never appeared in his sight again. He felt that his love for his mother was like a piece of fermented dough, mutating as it continued to expand. Finally, he chosed to forget that love when it was evolving into hatred.<br /> <br /> ==== 夏紫纯 Xia Zichun====<br /> <br /> 所以，在他的成长历程中，父亲承担了双重角色——又是爹来又是娘。“父亲真是不容易呀，一手一脚地把我拉扯大。”他和父亲的感情是在相依为命的日子里建立起来的。所以，当父亲生病后，他照料得异常细心。父亲得的是肺痨病，天天咳嗽——这一咳，就把一个70多岁的人咳到了80多岁。那十几年的时间里，全靠他一人照顾。虽然看病和护理又花时间又花金钱，可谁让他是自己的老父亲呢！父亲没有别人可以依靠，而他也只有父亲这一个亲人。当父亲去世后，他感到自己像是个孤儿——母亲离开他的时候，他年纪太小，所以那种被遗弃的感觉并不强烈；而父亲去世时，他却嚎啕大哭。<br /> <br /> Therefore, his father took on the dual role of father and mother when he was growing up. “It was really hard for my father who has been working so hard to bring me up.” It was during the days when he and his father were dependent on each other that their close relationship was built up. So, when his father fell ill, he looked after him with exceptional care. My father had consumption and coughed every day--his cough turned a man in his 70s into his 80s. For those ten years or so, it was up to him to look after his father alone. It was time and money consuming to see a doctor and care for him, but he was his own father! His father had no one else to rely on, and he had only his father as a family member. When his father died, he felt like an orphan. He was very young when his mother left him, so he didn't feel a very strong sense of abandonment. But when his father died, he bawled.<br /> <br /> Therefore, his father took on the dual role of father and mother when he was growing up. “It was really hard for my father to bring me up all by himself.” They clang to each other and developed a close relationship over the decades. Hence, after father fell ill, Lu took care of him with scrupulousness. His father contracted tuberculosis and coughed day and night. The disease had been torturing him from seventy something to over eighty. For more than a decade, he looked after father by himself despite all the troubles and expenses of hospitalization and nursing. That was his dear dad! Dad was his only kin in the world who could only rely on his son. After father’s death, Lu did feel like an orphan. He burst into tears due to the loss. Yet when his mother left him at his young age, he could hardly feel being discarded .<br /> <br /> ==== 向明慧 Xiang Minghui====<br /> <br /> 现在，他的生活非常有规律：每天都在镇政府上班，一年难得回村一次。他在连樟村没有建房，但他在镇里有一间解困房。“大约30多平米……”他用手比划着说，“不大。”但是，这房子的租金却相当便宜——“一年50元。”他是怎么租到这房子的？原来，当2006年政府开始建造解困房时，他便毫不犹豫地凑了2000元，之后，他便分到了第一批房子。虽然他平时都住在镇政府一楼的门卫室中，但过年过节，他还是会回到那间小房子里去看看——那可是他的养老之地啊。2013年，镇里连降暴雨，致使北江河水上涨。河水从堤坝泛滥而出，甚至淹到了镇政府门口的台阶上，他的那间小屋亦未能幸免于难。河水落潮后，看到屋里一片狼藉，他心疼得眼窝发湿。后来，他将房顶重新翻修了一遍，又将受潮的边边角角都拾掇干净，才觉得顺心了许多。<br /> <br /> Now he lives a regular life. He works at the town government all year round and seldom comes back to his village. He doesn’t own any house in Lianzhang village but lives in an affordable house in the town. “It’s about 30 meter squares...” he said with gesture. “It’s not large but... the house rent is only 50 yuan per year.” How did he manage to rent it? In 2006, when local government planned to start the affordable housing program he had no hesitation in donating 2000 yuan. Later, one of the first houses was allocated to him. Although he usually lives in the gatehouse at the ground floor of the town government, he would come to his little house during festivals. After all, he is about to live there during his old age. In 2013, continual rainstorms led to the swelling of the Beijiang River. Water spilled out of banks and even spread to the staircases by the gate of the government. His tiny house was also attacked. After the flood receded, he went to scrutinize it. When he saw it was in a mess, tears welled up in his eyes. He decided to renovate its roof and repaint all the edges of its walls damaged by water. Until finishing all these, he felt quite content.<br /> <br /> Now he lives a regular life. He works in the town government all year round and seldom comes back to his village. He doesn’t own any house in Lianzhang village but lives in a housing which was built for poor households in the town. “It’s about thirty square meters...” he said with gesture. “It’s not a large amount of money but... the annual rent of the house is only 50 yuan.” How did he manage to rent it? In 2006, when local government planned to start the housing program for poor households, he had no hesitation in preparing 2000 yuan for rent. Later, one of the first houses was allocated to him. Although he usually lives in the janitor's room at the ground floor of the town government, he would come to his little house during festivals. After all, he is about to live there to spend his remaining years in comforting. In 2013, continual rainstorms in town led to the swelling of the Beijiang River. Water spilled out of banks and even drowned the staircases by the gate of the government. His tiny house was also not spared. After the ebb-tide, he went to scrutinize it. When he saw it was in a mess, tears welled up in his eyes. He renovated its roof and repainted all the edges of its walls damaged by water. Until finishing all these, he felt quite content.<br /> <br /> ==== 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 他好手好脚，五官端正，目光机敏，言语清晰，但却一直没有找到对象。他叹息道：“我中意人家，人家不中意我。”他说自己以前生活得好苦，而现在的日子是一天比一天好。每当夜深人静时，他的内心便活跃了起来——突然之间，他感觉自己好孤单。现在，他想找个老伴，好好地安度晚年。他并不自卑——“咱是有解困房的人啊！”<br /> <br /> Lu had sound limbs, regular features, smart eyes, and fluent expression, but he never had a fere. He sighed, &quot;I was attracted to one who was not attracted to me.&quot; He said he used to live hard, but his living conditions are getting better day by day. in the still of night, he would have become sentimental, so he suddenly felt lonely. Now, he wants to own a late wife and spends his remaining years in comfort with her. He doesn’t have a sense of inferiority, &quot;I'm a man with a housing which was built for poor households!”<br /> <br /> Lu had wholesome limbs, regular features, sharp eyes and clear speech, but he never had a fere. He sighed, &quot;I was into one who was not attracted to me.&quot; He said he used to live hard, but now his living condition is getting better day by day. When the dead of night, he would have become sentimental, so he suddenly felt lonely. Now, he wants to own a late wife and spends his remaining years in comforting with her. He doesn’t have a sense of inferiority, &quot;I'm a man with housing which was built for poor households!”<br /> <br /> 纯女户<br /> <br /> Families with Only Daughters<br /> <br /> <br /> Families with Only Daughters<br /> <br /> 傍晚时分，林金娣正在准备做饭，却又停下了忙碌的双手。当她看到弟弟和大女婿相跟着走进家门时，不禁喜上眉梢。自丈夫去世后，她一直陷入在郁郁寡欢的状态。有亲人们来找她聊天，能缓解心头的很多愁绪！林金娣穿着红毛衣和黑裤子，一头花白的短发，皮肤发黄，粗眉细眼厚唇。她看着干净而利落，但在她的额头、眼角和嘴角处，都有着深刻的皱纹。虽然她说话的语速不紧不慢，然而，你还是听不懂她说的是什么意思——她一句普通话都不会说。故而，你和她的交流只能通过翻译来进行。在这个小村里，不会说普通话的人寥寥无几。显然，她和外界接触的频率非常有限。<br /> <br /> In the evening, Lin Jindi was preparing for dinner, but she stopped her busy hands again. She was overjoyed when she saw her younger brother and her eldest son-in-law came house. She has been in a state of depression since her husband's death. Relatives talked to her, which can relieve a lot of her worries! Lin wore red sweater and black trousers, with short gray hair, yellow skin, coarse eyebrows, exquisite eyes and thick lips. She looked clean and neat, but there were deep wrinkles on her forehead, around her eyes and mouth. Although she made moderate speed of speech, people still didn't understand what she means, because she couldn't speak Mandarin. Therefore, your communication with her can only be done through a translator. In this small village, few people couldn't speak Mandarin. Obviously, her frequency of contact with the outside world was very limited.<br /> <br /> At dusk Lin Jindi was making preparation for dinner, but she stopped her busy work again. She was overjoyed when she saw her younger brother and her eldest son-in-law came home. Since her husband was dead, she has been falling into depression, so she talked to relatives which could relieve much sadness! Lin wore red sweater and black trousers, with short gray hair, yellow skin, coarse eyebrows, exquisite eyes and thick lips. She looked clean and neat, but there were deep wrinkles on her forehead, around her eyes and mouth. Although she made moderate speed of speech, you still didn't understand what she meant, because she couldn't speak Mandarin. Therefore, you could only communicate with her through translation. In this small village, few people couldn't speak Mandarin. Apparently, her frequency of contact with the outside world was very limited.<br /> <br /> ==== 肖娜 Xiao Na====<br /> <br /> 她是个勤快人——米黄色的地板干净整洁，茶几和饭桌上都铺着彩色桌布，饭菜用罩子扣着，连楼梯上的杂物也堆得整整齐齐。65岁的她有3个女儿，且都已出嫁。她生孩子的顺序是这样的——23岁时生大女儿，27岁时生二女儿，30岁时生小女儿。随着3个女儿的相继诞生，老公的脸色也越来越黑——他当然更想要儿子。<br /> <br /> She was diligent woman, because beige floor was clean, the tea table and dinner table were covered with colorful tablecloth, food was covered and even the sundries on the stairs were piled up neatly. She was 65 years old with three daughters who had been married. The orders which she gave birth were that she had her eldest daughter at 23, second at 27 and younger at 30. With the birth of three daughters, her husband's face getting worse and worse, because he surely wanted a son more. <br /> <br /> She was a hardworking woman as the beige floor was clean, the tea table and dinner table were covered with colorful tablecloth, food was covered with a cap and even the clutters on the stairs were piled up neatly. She was 65 years old with three daughters who had all been married.The order which she gave birth to her children was that she had her eldest daughter at 23, second at 27 and youngest at 30. With the birth of three daughters in succession, her husband's face became darker and darker since he wanted a son more. <br /> <br /> 丈夫是这个家最主要的劳动力——他靠帮人盖房子挣钱；而妻子的贡献也不小——除了干地里的活，还要养育孩子，打理家务。这家人的生活原本平平淡淡，然而在2013年，丈夫因高血压而引发中风。在医院做了开颅手术后，整个身体完全不能自理。卧床5年，共花了12万的医药费，虽然公费医疗报销了一半，但家里也要掏一半。日子原本就紧紧巴巴，到哪里去找这6万元？她问弟弟借了1万多元，又问其他亲戚借了4万多，总算凑够了钱数。丈夫既不能挣钱回家，每个月还要到英德医院去复诊，车费及换尿管的费用就要100多元，再加上几百块的医药费，也算是一笔不小的开支。妻子虽然竭力护理丈夫，然而在2016年时，他还是撒手人寰。<br /> <br /> Her husband , who was the major worker of the family, earned money by helping others build houses. Great contributions also were made by her such as raising the children and doing the housework while working in the farmlands. Her family lived an ordinary life, however, in 2013, her husband suffered a stroke caused by high-blood pressure. After made a craniotomy in the hospital, he was completely unable to take care of himself. Lying in the bed for five years, she spent 120,000 yuan on medical expenses, and half of these money were reimbursed by the public medical expense and half by her family. However, she and her families were already strapped and they didn't know where to raise 60,000 yuan. Asking her brother and relatives to borrow over 10,000 yuan and over 40,000 yuan respectively, she finally raised enough money. Not only could her husband not make money,but it would spend lots of money on his follow-up visit in Yingde Hospital every month, because the fare and the catheter change costed more than 100 yuan and his medical charges costed hundreds of yuan. She did her utmost to take good care of her husband, but he died anyway in 2016.<br /> <br /> <br /> Her husband, who was the main labor force of the family, earned money from building houses for others. In addition, she also made valuable contributions to the family, such as rearing children and doing the household chores while working on the farmland at the same time. The family lived an ordinary life as usual. However, in 2013, her husband suffered from a stroke due to high-blood pressure. After a craniotomy in the hospital, he was completely unable to take care of himself. Five years in bed cost 120,000 yuan in medical expenses, half of which was covered by public medical expenses, but the family also had to pay half.​ The family had already lived on the breadline. Where to raise 60,000 yuan? ​Having no alternative choice, she borrowed more than 10,000 yuan from her brother and more than 40,000 yuan from other relatives to scrape together enough money. Her husband, who not only can't earn money, spends lots of money on his follow-up visit to Yingde Hospital every month. It's not a small expenditure as the fare and the catheter change cost more than 100 yuan and his medical charges cost hundreds of yuan. She did the best she could to take good care of her husband, but he still died in 2016.<br /> <br /> ==== 肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin====<br /> <br /> 林金娣的大女儿嫁的是本村人，生了两个外孙——大的19岁，在广州餐厅打工；小的11岁，还在上小学。老丈人中风后，大女儿和大女婿照顾得最多，因为两家离得最近。大女儿家也算不上富裕。大女婿说自己的屋子总是漏水，准备翻修一下。“要先建个临时住房，再把老房子扒掉重盖。”可是这几年建筑材料涨得厉害，哪怕是临时房也要花6万；等把整个房子重新建起来，至少要花20多万。他笑嘻嘻地说：“现在的人工很贵，一个人一天要花300元，太费钱，我就自己边学边干。”<br /> <br /> Lin Jindi's eldest daughter married a native of the village and had two grandchildren---the older one was 19 years old, working in Guangzhou restaurant; the younger one was 11 years old and still in primary school. After her husband's stroke, her eldest daughter and son-in-law took care of him the most because they lived closer to each other.The eldest daughter's family was not rich. The eldest son-in-law said that his house was always leaking and was planning to renovate it. &quot;I need to build a temporary shelter first,then I will tear down the old house and rebuild it.&quot; But construction materials have increased so much in recent years that even a temporary house costs 60,000 yuan. By the time the whole house was rebuilt, it would cost at least 200,000 yuan. He said with a smile, &quot;The labor is very expensive now. Hiring a worker one day needs 300 yuan and it's too expensive. I will learn by myself.&quot;<br /> <br /> Lin Jindi's eldest daughter married a native of the village and had two children -- the older one was 19 years old, working in a restaurant in Guangzhou; the younger one was 11 years old and still in primary school. After her husband's stroke, her eldest daughter and son-in-law took care of him the most because they lived closer to each other. The eldest daughter's family was not rich. The eldest son-in-law said that his house was always leaking and was planning to renovate it. &quot;I need to build a temporary shelter first, and then I will tear down the old house and rebuild it.&quot; But the price of construction materials had increased so much in recent years that even a temporary house cost 60,000 yuan. By the time the whole house was rebuilt, it would cost at least 200,000 yuan. He said with a smile, &quot;The labor is very expensive now. Hiring a worker one day needs 300 yuan, which is too expensive. So I will learn and do it by myself.&quot;<br /> <br /> 林金娣家原来有4亩地，主要种水稻和花生。田里的收入很少——除了够自己吃以外，卖花生的钱还要用来买化肥和农药。现在，2亩地出租后，每年有2000的租金；另外2亩地被征收后，一次性补助了6.7万元。每个月，她有200元的低保和新农保的140元，加上3个女儿的接济，日子还能过得去。但是她很要强，不愿坐在家里吃闲饭，经常去建筑工地打工，一天能挣120元。<br /> <br /> Lin Jindi's family originally had 4 acres of land, mainly growing rice and peanuts. The income from the fields was little - in addition to feeding the family, the money from selling peanuts had to be used to buy fertiliser and pesticides.Now, after 2 acres of land was leased, the annual rent has reached 2,000 yuan.The other 2 acres of land was expropriated with a one-time subsidy of 67,000 yuan.She got 200 yuan a month from the subsistence allowance and 140 yuan from the new rural social pension insurance. With the help of her three daughters, she can get by. But she was too enterprising to sit at home and worked on construction sites, earning 120 yuan a day.<br /> <br /> Lin Jindi's family originally had 4 acres of land, mainly growing rice and peanuts. The income from the fields was small -- in addition to feeding the family, the money from selling peanuts had to be used to buy fertilizer and pesticides. Now, after 2 acres of land was leased, the annual rent had reached 2,000 yuan.The other 2 acres of land was expropriated with a one-time subsidy of 67,000 yuan. She got 200 yuan a month from the subsistence allowance and 140 yuan from the new rural social pension insurance. With the help of her three daughters, she could get by. But she was too enterprising to sit at home, so she always worked on construction sites, earning 120 yuan a day.<br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> ==== 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 丈夫去世后，她感觉异常孤单。平时在家里，她和丈夫总是“有说有讲”，可现在，她连个说话的人都没有了。过年过节时，三个女儿带着女婿和外孙们来看她，家里甚为热闹。可是等孩子们都走后，家里又变得异常寂静。她对这寂静感到越来越不适应。她的年纪越来越大，身体也越来越不好——原本就有腰椎间盘突出的毛病，后来又做了肾结核手术。手术后医生告诫她要静养，不能干重活。<br /> 平时，她在家里边做家务边看电视。她看新闻联播，也看天气预报，还看电视剧。她看电视并不是为了关注电视里的内容，而是希望家里有人影在晃动，有声音在喧哗。她的手里总是拿着块抹布，到处擦拭。她总能看到柜子上的灰尘，桌子上的灰尘，台阶上的灰尘。然而，这些灰尘今天擦了，明天又落了下来。<br /> <br /> After her husband died, she felt quite lonely. She used to talk with her husband at home, but now she had no one to talk to. During the Spring Festival and otherholidays, her three daughters came to visit her with sons-in-law and grandchildren and the atmosphere was especially lively. But when they were gone, it became very quiet again. She grew increasingly uncomfortable with the silence. As she got older, her health got worse – she was already suffering from lumbar intervertebral disc and later had a surgery for kidney tuberculosis. After the surgery, the doctor told her to rest quietly to recuperate and couldn’t do heavy work. She usually watched TV while doing housework at home. She watched news broadcast, weather forecast and TV plays. She watched TV not to pay attention to the content, but to hope that there were figures and sound moving in the house. She always took a rag in her hand, wiping everywhere. She could always see the dust on the cupboard, table and steps. However, the dust was wiped today and would fall down the next day.<br /> <br /> After her husband died, she felt quite lonely. She used to talk with her husband at home, but now she had no one to talk to. During the Spring Festival or festivals, her three daughters would come to visit her with sons-in-law and grandchildren and the atmosphere was especially lively. But after they were gone, it became very quiet again. She grew increasingly uncomfortable in the silence. As she grew older, her health got worse – she had already suffered from lumbar intervertebral disc and later had a surgery for kidney tuberculosis. After the surgery, the doctor told her to rest quietly to recuperate and couldn’t do heavy work. She usually watched TV while doing housework at home. She watched news broadcast, weather forecast and TV plays. She watched TV not to pay attention to the content, but hope that there were figures and sound moving in the house. She always took a rag in her hand, wiping everywhere. She could always see the dust on the cupboard, table and steps. However, the dust was wiped today and would fall down the next day.<br /> <br /> ==== 谢茜敏 Xie Ximin====<br /> <br /> 偶尔的空闲，她会想起打工时的那些经历——虽然辛苦，但时间却过得很快，像蝴蝶的翅膀般倏忽而逝。而现在，时间像蜗牛一样。有时，她坐在丈夫原来睡过的床边，用手抚摸着床单，心里充满了酸楚。她不知道3个女儿的出生，在丈夫内心造成的阴影面积是那样得大。丈夫一直郁郁寡欢，但表面上还强颜欢笑。最终，疾病像雪崩一样压塌了这个男人。<br /> 林金娣有5兄妹，她是大姐。丈夫去世后，弟弟常骑着摩托车来看望她。弟弟和她长得非常相似——那眉眼和嘴角简直一模一样！然而，弟弟的皮肤更黝黑，也更健谈。弟弟说起姐夫生病的那段时间时，感慨万千。看得出来，他打心眼儿里心疼姐姐。现在，姐弟俩谈的都是家里的琐事，但每次谈完后，姐姐的心情都会格外轻松。现在，她要努力学会忘却，因为只有忘却，才能让她变得更舒坦。<br /> <br /> In occasional leisure, she would think of those experience in work-which was hard but she felt time fleeted like the vibration of butterfly’s wings. However, time passed at a snail’s pace now. Sometimes she sat on the edge of the bed where her husband had slept and stroked the sheet full of bitterness. She didn’t know that the birth of three daughters had caused so deep shadow in her husband’s heart. He had already become withdrawn but still put on a cheerful face. Finally, this man collapsed by disease like an avalanche. Lin Jindi was the oldest of five siblings. After her husband’s death, her younger brother often came to visit her on a motorcycle, who looked like her very much-their eyebrows, eyes, and corners of the mouth were nearly identical. Whereas, her brother had more tanned skin and was more conversable. When her brother talked about the days when his brother-in-law was ill, he was filled with emotion. Obviously, he had a visceral love of his eldest sister. Although they always talked about trivial matters at home now, Lin Jindi would become extremely relaxed after every conversation. She had to learn how to forget, for she could live comfortably only by doing so.<br /> <br /> == Part 17 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou====<br /> <br /> <br /> 扶贫车间<br /> <br /> 傍晚时分，邝秋桂正准备做晚饭，然而，厨房的空间实在太小，根本没办法放下那个钢筋锅，她便把锅搬到了屋外的空地上烧水。她用几块砖垒起了个灶台，然后，往里面塞了两根粗木棍。那钢筋锅的四周已被烟火熏染得发黑，只有锅盖在夕阳下泛出璀璨的光芒。<br /> 邝秋桂顶着一头很短的头发——从侧面看，简直像个小男孩。在褐色花纹的T恤衫外，她又套了件湖蓝色的短袖衬衫，腿上是条黑色的九分裤，赤脚踩着拖鞋。她的五官很秀气：淡眉、细眼、薄唇；她说话时腔调清浅，显得温和而节制。<br /> 2013年，她建这栋屋子时花了4万元——自己的钱不够，还问娘家借了些钱。这屋子的面积异常局促，简直像城市的那种单身公寓——大约30平米左右。原来，她的宅基地就这么大的面积，所以建房子时便只能因陋就简。当你进入这屋子后，感觉异常别扭——进门有个小厨房，但却窄得放不下一口大锅；屋内那稍大点的空间，算是卧室加客厅，堆放着各种尿素袋、电饭煲、电风扇、棉被和水壶；沙发上堆着各种塑料袋，床上吊挂着白色蚊帐，铁丝上吊挂着各种衣服。<br /> Poverty Alleviation Workshop<br /> In the evening, Kuang Qiugui is preparing to cook dinner. However, the space in the kitchen is too small to put down the steel pot, so she moves the pot to the open space outside the house to boil water. She builds a stove with several bricks, and then put two thick wooden sticks into it. The sides of the steel pot has been blackened by fireworks, and only the lid of the pot shines brightly in the setting sun.<br /> Kuang Qiugui's hair is very short - from the side, she looks like a little boy. She is wearing a brown T-shirt inside and a lake blue short sleeved shirt outside. She wears a pair of black cropped trousers and barefoot slippers. Her face is very delicate: light eyebrows, small eyes, thin lips; She speaks in a quiet voice, which seems gentle and moderate.<br /> In 2013, she spent 40000 yuan building this house - her own money was not enough, so she borrowed some money from her parents. The area of this house is extremely limited, which is almost like the single apartment in the city - about 30 square meters. Because her homestead is such a small area, when building a house, she had to make the house as simple as possible. When entering this room, you feel extremely crowded - there is a small kitchen at the door, but it is too narrow to hold a big pot. The slightly larger space in the house is a bedroom plus a living room, where various urea bags, rice cookers, electric fans, quilts and kettles are stacked. Various plastic bags are stacked on the sofa, the white mosquito net is hung on the bed, and various clothes are hung on the iron wire.<br /> <br /> ==== 谢紫佳 Xie Zijia====<br /> <br /> 因为屋子的空间实在有限，她便将有些事情搬到户外来干。譬如，在空地上烧水；又譬如，她用木棍绑了个梯子，可以爬到房顶上去晒干菜。这屋子的侧旁是片长满茅草的荒地，而她在里面挖出了块巴掌大的菜地，种了十几颗小白菜。因为害怕周围的鸡鸭猫狗来破坏，她还专门架起了木棍，围上了黑丝网。<br /> 她才刚刚54岁，可弥漫在脸上的却是一股浓郁的愁云。她只读了小学二年级，粗略地认识些简单的汉字。然而，对一个乡村女人来说，识字多少并不会对生活造成实质性的伤害。对她们来说，最重要的是婚姻。和别的女人一样，她在年轻时便已结了婚。生了孩子，又离了婚。丈夫要和她离婚的主要理由是——她生了两个女儿。她不愿意，但也没办法。在分居了3年后，法院宣判她和丈夫正式离婚：小女儿跟父亲过，大女儿和母亲过。<br /> <br /> Because of the limited space in the house, she moved some things outdoors to do. For example, she boiled water in the open space; for example, she tied a ladder with wooden sticks so she could climb to the roof to dry vegetables. The side of the house was a barren field full of thatch, and she dug out a palm-sized vegetable patch and planted a dozen small cabbages in it. Because of the fear of the surrounding chickens, ducks, cats and dogs to destroy, she also set up a wooden stick, surrounded by a black wire mesh. She is just 54 years old, but the face is a thick cloud of sadness. She had only studied in the second grade and knew some simple Chinese characters in a cursory manner. However, for a country woman, the amount of literacy does not cause substantial harm to life. For them, the most important thing is marriage. Like other women, she was married at a young age. She had children and was divorced. The main reason her husband wanted to divorce her - she gave birth to two daughters. She didn't want to, but there was nothing she could do. After three years of separation, the court pronounced that she and her husband were officially divorced: the younger daughter lived with her father and the older daughter lived with her mother.<br /> <br /> ==== 熊丹 Xiong Dan====<br /> <br /> 离婚后，她分得了1亩水田和3块山地。水田里虽然种了花生和水稻，但收成也只顾糊嘴。她曾得过急性肝炎，打针吃药花了一大笔钱，又因为体弱多病，干不了山上的重活，所以山地根本没什么收入。在乡村，如果一个女人在步入初老阶段时身体很差，离了婚又没有儿子依仗，那她的处境堪比一棵稻草。事实上，重男轻女在乡村依旧非常严重——生了女孩的老婆总是遭丈夫嫌弃！同时，“嫁出去的女儿泼出去的水”。2013年，当她的大女儿结婚后，她便开启了一个人过活的模式。女儿婚后育有一子，日子也过得紧巴巴，难得回一趟娘家。<br /> 邝秋桂现在的情况十分尴尬——她只能划到贫困户中，而不能评上低保户。因为国家政策规定，如果有子女抚养者便不能评为低保户，而政府补助的养老金（每月约150元），要到60岁后才能领取。所以，她的日子不仅十分寂寞，而且十分清苦。2017年，扶贫干部推荐她到村里玩具厂的“扶贫车间”去上班。每天工作8个多小时，按计件拿工资。这样，她每月有2200元至2700元的收入。刚开始坐在流水线的凳子上时，她总是觉得万般不适——不仅腰不舒服，而且总觉得眼前花花绿绿一片，什么都看不清楚。咬着牙坚持着干了下来后，现在，她已成了一个熟手。无论是打包装、串线、拼装……什么活她都能拿下来。在车间里干活的70人中，大多数是40多岁的中年女人。休息时大家一起聊聊天，时间过得很快。<br /> <br /> When she was divorced, she distributed one mu of paddy fields and three pieces of mountainous regions. peanuts and rice are planted in paddy fields. The harvest also could only save her from hunger. She had acute hepatitis before and spent a lot of money on injections and pills, because she was too weak to do heavy work in the mountains, there was no income at all. In the villages, if a woman has a weak body when she is at the beginning of the old, and has divorced and no son to rely on, then her circumstances seem like a straw. In fact, choosing boys over girls in the countryside is still very severe. A wife giving birth to a girl would always be disdained by her husband. At the same time,“a married daughter likes split water”. In 2013，when her eldest daughter married, she began living alone. Her daughter gave birth to a son after marriage. Her days were also living on a tight budget, and she had little time to visit her parents' home. GuangQiugui is now in an awkward situation. She was only classified as a poor household, but she cannot be assessed by the family enjoying the minimum living guarantee. On account of the state policy, people with children cannot be classified as subsistence, and the government-subsidized pension (about 150 yuan a month) can only be received after the age of 60. So her life is not only very lonely, but also very ascetic. In 2017, poverty alleviation cadres recommended her to work in the “poverty relief workshop” of the toy factory in the countryside. She works more than 8 hours every day and gets paid for piecework. In this way, she earns between 2200 yuan and 2700 yuan a month. When she sat on the assembly line’s seat for the first time, she felt very uncomfortable—- not only the backache, but also always felt brightly coloured before her eyes and could not see anything. She bit her teeth and held on. She is a proficient worker now. whether it’s packing, stringing, assembling...... She could do all of those. There were 70 people in the workshop, most of them were women in their 40s. They felt time passed very quickly when they chatted together during the break .<br /> <br /> ==== 徐思禹 Xu Siyu====<br /> <br /> 嘉宝果<br /> <br /> 2019年，当嘉宝果出现在陆奕芳的地里时，很多人都替他捏了把汗。嘉宝果是什么？它和砂糖橘、麻竹笋的种植有什么不同？它会不会也像鹰嘴桃那样，在挂了果后招来针蜂叮食，最终让果农空欢喜一场？但陆奕芳不管不顾地栽种下200多棵树苗，一颗就要花了60块。他没有钱，而那卖苗的人说，“等采果的时候再付苗钱！”所以，他便拿了苗。“不管成不成，总要试一试！”在他看来，“过去的事情就不管了，要往前看。”<br /> <br /> In 2019, when Jiabaoguo was planted in Lu Yifang’s field, many were rather worried. What was Jiabaoguo? What was the difference between the planting of it and the panting of sugar orange and bamboo shoots? Would it attract bees after it yielded fruits and disappoint the farmers? However, Lu Yifang planted 200 and more seedlings anyway. He spent 60 yuan on one seedling. He was shy of money, but the seedling seller said, “You can pay me after you harvest the fruits.” So, he took seedlings. “Whatever the results are going to be, I must give it a go,” to him, “I cannot dwell on the past and I must move on.”<br /> 嘉宝果又名珍宝果，因果形和风味与葡萄相似，又被称为“热带葡萄”。嘉宝果树的成长十分缓慢，但树高与树冠可达10米。当花瓣掉落后，小幼果便三五成群地探出脑袋，从青色变成红色，再变成紫色，最后变成紫黑色。让人啧啧称奇的是，嘉宝果树的同一枝干居然可以同时开花、结果、成熟，故而形成“果中有花，花中有果”的奇景。<br /> <br /> Jiabaoguo, also known as Zhenbaoguo( treasure fruit), looked like and tasted like grapes, which was why it’s also called “tropical grapes”. Jiaguobao tree grew slowly, but it could grow to 10 meters. Pedals fallen, baby fruits poked their heads in groups. They turned from green to red, to purple and finally to black-purple. What’s remarkable was that it could put forth flowers, yield fruits and get ripe at the same time, thus making a wonderful picture of “in the midst of flowers are fruits and in the midst of fruits are flowers.”<br /> <br /> ==== 颜琦 Yan Qi====<br /> <br /> 嘉宝果的果实生长在树干及主枝上，直径约1英寸，多汁的果肉内含有1至4颗小种子。它的果实像葡萄一样圆润，表皮结实而光滑，果肉多汁且半透明，口味甘甜，营养丰富。嘉宝果既可以生吃，还可以做成蜜饯、果酱及果汁、果酒。嘉宝果是一种极好栽培的树种——抗力强，病虫害少，成长期间很少使用农药。然而，在它结果期间却容易遭受鸟害。聪明的果农们便总结出经验——可以在树的外围覆盖上黑网，或者用双层报纸给果实套袋。<br /> <br /> Jaboticaba grows on the trunk and main branches of the tree and is about 1 inch in diameter. With one to four small seeds in it, jaboticaba is a sweet and nutritious fruit shaped like a grape, having smooth touch, and plump flesh that is also juicy and translucent. Jaboticaba can be eaten raw, but it can also be made into preserves, jams, fruit juices and wines. The Jaboticaba tree is an excellent tree to cultivate. It is highly-resistant fruit, seldom suffering from pests and diseases. Pesticides are rarely used during its growth. However, during its fruiting period, it is exposed to bird damage. Clever fruit growers came up with an idea: they cover the skin of the trunk with black nets or bag the fruit with a double layer of newspaper.<br /> <br /> <br /> 1971年出生的陆奕芳，已经快满50岁了。他看起来很是周正：身量适中，体格健壮；而他的面孔也很顺眼：两道粗眉，双眼皮，高鼻梁，薄嘴唇，只是发际线稍有点高。在他那件红灰黑相间的短袖T恤衫外，又套了件黑黄相间的马甲，胸前写着“交通劝导”四个大字。和村里的大多数男人一样，他娶妻生子，已成为丈夫和两个女孩的父亲。但是，他却比别人显得更加忧心忡忡——压在他肩头的生活重担，一直都没有减轻。他出生在贫寒之家，共有五兄妹，他是老幺。<br /> <br /> Lu Yifang, born in 1971, is almost 50 years old. He had an appearance with regular features: medium height and strong build. His face is smooth: thick eyebrows, double eyelids, high nose, thin lips, just a little high hairline. A black and yellow vest was covered on his red, gray and black T-shirt, with the four characters &quot;Jiao Tong Shu Dao (Traffic Persuasion)&quot; printed on the chest part of the vest. Like most men in the village, he married a girl and had children. Now he is a husband and father of two girls. However, he looks more anxious than others because the burden of life on him has not been eased. He was born into a poor family and he is the youngest among five siblings.<br /> <br /> ====杨思吟 Yang Siyin====<br /> <br /> 他在初二时辍了学——因为脚有病，不能走路，他便在家休养。后来，等脚伤好了后，他感觉拉下的课实在太多，根本补不上来，索性就退了学，帮家人在地里干活。他什么活都会干——耕田、砍木头、砍竹笋。在上世纪90年代时，一根木条能卖2块钱，而100斤柴头能卖3块钱。他每天都上山砍柴，砍下来的木头能卖20多块钱。那个时候，这些钱对家里非常重要——买肉、买菜、买调料。那个时候，家里有3亩地，种了水稻和花生，所以不用买大米和清油。到1990年之后，山上开始种麻竹笋，他便开始上山砍笋，再拉下山来卖。<br /> <br /> He dropped out of school in Grade two. At that time, as he had a foot injury and could not walk, he stayed at home to recuperate. Later, when recovering, he felt that he had missed too many classes, so he simply left school and helped his family work in the fields instead. He can do anything— ploughing the land, cutting wood and bamboo shoots. In the 1990s, a wooden strip could sell for 2 yuan, while 100 kg of firewood could sell for 3 yuan. He went up the hill to cut wood everyday which can be sold for more than 20 yuan. At that time, these selling money was overwhelmingly important to his family, which could be used to buy meat, vegetables and seasonings. Also, his family had 3 acres of land planted with rice and peanuts, so there was no need to buy rice and edible vegetable oil. After 1990, there were hemp bamboo shoots on the hills, so he began to cut bamboo shoots up the hill and then pull them down to sell.<br /> <br /> He dropped out of school in Junior two. At that time, as he had a foot injury and could not walk, he stayed at home to recuperate. Later, when recovering, he felt that he had missed too many classes to make up for them, so he simply left school and helped his family work in the fields instead. He can do anything— ploughing the land, cutting wood and bamboo shoots. In the 1990s, a wooden strip could sell for 2 yuan, while 50 kg of firewood could sell for 3 yuan. So he went up the hill to cut wood every day which can be sold for more than 20 yuan. At that time, these money was overwhelmingly important to his family, which could be used to buy meat, vegetables and seasonings. Also, his family had 3 acres of land planted with rice and peanuts, so there was no need to buy rice and edible vegetable oil. After 1990, there were hemp bamboo shoots on the hills, so he began to cut bamboo shoots up the hill and then pull them down to sell.<br /> <br /> 他一直都没能找上对象——因为在田里干活，接触的年轻女性实在有限。眼看年龄已晃悠到27岁，他有些着急。他和现在的妻子是通过介绍认识的——从到女方家见面到领结婚证，只花了5天。女方家就住在附近村子，是一间低矮的平房。为了招待他，女方家端出了猪肉炒青菜和白米饭。女方家共有9个孩子：三男六女。介绍给他的女孩也是排行老幺，看着身量很高，皮肤有些黑，但五官很周正，他便应下了这门亲事。<br /> <br /> He has never found a girlfriend, as working in the fields, he had limited opportunities to meet young women. Seeing that he was 27, he was anxious about this. He and his wife met each through a blind date and it only took five days from meeting at his wife’s home to getting a marriage certificate. His wife lived in a low bungalow in a nearby village and her parents prepared pork fried vegetables and white rice to entertain him. Her family had nine children, with three men and six women. The girl who was introduced to him was the youngest one, who was tall and with a little black skin. But she was pretty, so he received this marriage.<br /> <br /> He had never had a girlfriend. As he worked in the fields, he had limited opportunities to meet young women. Seeing that he turned to 27, he was anxious about this. He and his wife met each other through a blind date and it only took five days from meeting at his wife’s home to getting a marriage certificate. His wife lived in a low bungalow in a nearby village and her parents prepared pork fried vegetables and white rice to treat him. Her family had nine children, with three men and six women. The girl who was introduced to him was the youngest one, who was tall and with a little black skin. But she was of regular features. So he accepted this marriage.<br /> <br /> ==== 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei====<br /> <br /> 结婚时，他借了3000元——其中的1000元是彩礼，而2000元则用来办酒席。结婚后，他一心想着赶紧把账还上，可村里的路是黄泥土路，离镇子有12公里，除了在地里找钱，根本没有其他门路。正当他犯愁时，另一件烦心事又出现了——他发现老婆有问题。婚后几个月，一切都很正常。可等老婆怀孕3个月后，她总说自己头疼头晕，总是一整夜一整夜睡不着觉。到医院检查后，确定是精神有问题。吃了药以后，老婆便开始睡觉，但一睡就是好几个钟头。生了孩子后，老婆依然头疼，只能在家里干点轻活。医生说她要特别注意饮食，千万不能吃热气和辛辣的东西——这些东西会诱发病变。<br /> <br /> When he prepared for the wedding, he borrowed 3000 yuan- 1000 yuan was for betrothal gift and the left wedding feast. After getting married, he was intent on paying his debt. But roads in the village was muddy, 12 kilometers away from the town. He had no choice but to make a living by farming. Another troublesome thing happened in the wake of his worry.That is, he found something went wrong with his wife. A few months after they were married, everything was normal. But when she had been pregnant for over 3 months, she always said that she was headache and dizzy, failing to fall asleep for whole night. After receiving check in the hospital, she was diagnosed with mental problem. As soon as taking medicine, his wife would fell asleep, lasting for several hours. After giving to baby, she still suffered from headache and could only do some light jobs at home. The doctor warned that she should pay special attention to diet and don’t eat hot or spicy food- these things could bring about pathological changes.<br /> <br /> 他家只有1亩多地，种的是水稻，除了自己吃，几乎没有什么收入。现在，他家的主要收入来自麻竹笋——2018年收入1万多元，2019年收入2万多元。他每天都上山砍麻竹笋，一干就是4个多小时。虽然很累，但他知道，这是全家人主要的收入来源。山路弯曲而颠簸，下了雨后又格外湿滑。那一次，他一个没留神便翻了车——因为“颈椎骨折”，他在医院里躺了3个月，花了6000多元的医药费，自己掏了10%。<br /> <br /> They merely possessed over one mu of land where rice was planted. Except daily diet, there was little income. Now, the main income came from Dendrocalamus latiflorus- over 10,000 Yuan in 2018 and over 20,000 in 2019. He went to the mountain to cut them every day. He worked for 4 hours without rest. Although it was quite tiring, he knew that he was the only breadwinner of the family. The mountain road was curve and bumpy, even wetter and slippery after the rain. That time, his car turned over before he noticed- because of the fracture of cervical vertebrae, he had to stay in hospital for 3 months. The medical bills were more than 6,000 of which he paid 10%.<br /> <br /> ==== 余海铭 Yu Haiming====<br /> <br /> <br /> 他家的主要问题是劳动力太少——实际上，算来算去，也就只有他一个人。老婆不仅干不了活，还要吃药，每月的药费大约要200元左右；两个女儿都在读书——大女儿在肇庆学院读大学，小女儿在英德市读高中。让他万分庆幸的是，孩子们因为享受到了政府的生活补贴——每年每人3000元——所以都没有辍学。只有让孩子去读书，才有可能让这个家彻底脱贫，这一点，他比谁都更清楚。<br /> The main problem with his family was that there was too little labor--in fact, he was the only one who can make money. His wife is not only unable to work, but also has to take medicine, which costs about RMB200 per month; both daughters are studying--Elder daughter was studying in Zhaoqing College and younger daughter was studying Yingde High School. Fortunately, the children did not drop out of school because they received a government subsidy of 3,000 yuan per person per year. He knew better than anyone else that only by letting his children go to school would he be able to lift the family out of poverty altogether. <br /> <br /> The main problem of his family was that there was too little labor--in fact, he was the only one who made money. His wife is not only unable to work, but also has to take medicine, which costs about 200 yuan per month; both of his daughters are in school--the elder one was studying in Zhaoqing College and the younger one was in Yingde High School. Fortunately, his children did not drop out of school because of a government subsidy of 3,000 yuan for each one per year. He knew better than anyone else that only by letting his children go to school would lift the family out of poverty in the end. <br /> <br /> 他家住的是楼房：两房一厅一厨房。他并不想再要一个儿子：“嗨！生多一个是更大的负担。”他说自己的两个女儿都很乖，放学后都会主动到地里干活。2019年，扶贫干部介绍他当村里的“交通劝导员”，每个月有3000元的收入，能缓解一下他的困境。一想到大女儿马上大学毕业，麻竹笋即将能有收入，他不禁长长地舒了一口气——在各种帮扶政策的托底下，他已将最难的日子熬了过去。<br /> His family lives in a building, where have two bedrooms, one hall and one kitchen. He didn't want one son: &quot;Hi! It's a bigger burden to have more children.&quot; He said his two daughters were very good and would work in the fields after school. In 2019, the poor cadre introduced him as a village &quot;traffic counsellor&quot;, monthly income of 3000 yuan, it’s can alleviate his predicament. He breathed a sigh of relief at the thought that his elder daughter would soon graduate from college and that bamboo shoot with hemp would soon ripe and can be able to earn money. He breathed a long sigh of relief-he had survived the most difficult times under the auspices of various support policies.<br /> <br /> His family lives in a building, where have two bedrooms, one living room and one kitchen. He didn't want a son: &quot;Well! It's a bigger burden to have another child.&quot; He said his two daughters were very docile and would work in the fields after school. In 2019, the cadre in charge of poverty alleviation introduced him to be the &quot;traffic counsellor&quot; in village, which has monthly income of 3000 yuan and can alleviate his poverty. He breathed a sigh of relief at the thought that his elder daughter would soon graduate from college and that bamboo shoots would soon ripe and can be able to earn money. He had survived the most difficult days with the help of various support policies.<br /> <br /> == Part 18 ==<br /> <br /> ==== 曾晨 Zeng Chen====<br /> <br /> <br /> 疾病<br /> <br /> 一个人降临到这个世界上时，他的母亲并没有事先和他进行商量。他就那样混混沌沌地开始长大。突然有一天，他的脑袋里会生出这样的疑问——我是谁？我从哪里来？为什么我是这个样子？当很多人通过各种方式度过了这个探索期后，生命就会像黄河在九曲回肠后进入大海，一切都变得坦坦荡荡。然而，对另外一些人来说，这种探索会越来越痛苦。因为他们发现，和周围的人相比，他们或者不漂亮，或者不聪明，甚至还不健康。<br /> 如果世上真的有造物主，那他对这些人是不是太不公平了？然而，达尔文却推翻了这种观点。他发现一只寄生在椿树身上的大青虫的天敌很多——至少有400多种鸟类，200多种昆虫；但一只兔子则有37种天敌，包括鹰、猎狗、狼等食肉动物；但一只豹子或老虎却几乎没有天敌。达尔文的答案是——越是弱小的生物天敌就越多，受到的伤害也就越多。<br /> <br /> A man was born into this world without discussing with his mother first, he just starts growing up knowing nothing. Suddenly one day some questions will pup out from his head----Who am I? Where did I come from? Why I am the one what I am right now? Many people went through this exploring period by various kinds of methods and their lives will be frank and open like the Yellow river entering in ocean after twisting around in the land. However, for some other people, this exploration become more painful as it goes. Because they will find out that they are not so pretty, smart and even unhealthy compared with the others. If there is a lord, maybe he treated these people too unfair? But Darwin overthrew this viewpoint. He found out that a big worm in the tree has a lot of enemies----at least more 400 kinds of birds and 200 kinds of rabbits; a rabbit has 37 kinds of enemies including carnivores like eagles, hunting dogs and wolves; but a cheetah or tiger has nearly no enemy. So the conclusion of Darwin is that weaker creatures have more enemies and get more harm.<br /> <br /> When a man is born into this world, his mother doesn’t discuss it with him beforehand, he just starts growing up knowing nothing. Suddenly one day a question pops out from his head----Who am I? Where did I come from? How did I become like this? Many people went through this exploring period by various kinds of methods and their lives will be frank and open like the Yellow river entering the ocean after twisting around in the land. However, for some other people, this exploration become more painful as it goes. Because they will find out that they are not so pretty, not so smart and even not so healthy compared with others. If there is a creator, isn’t he too unfair to those people? But Darwin overthrew this viewpoint. He found out that a big worm in the tree has a lot of natural enemies----at least 400 kinds of birds and 200 kinds of rabbits; However, a rabbit has 37 kinds of natural enemies including carnivores like eagles, hounds and wolves; But a cheetah or tiger has nearly no enemy. So Darwin’s conclusion is that weaker creatures have more natural enemies and get more harms.<br /> <br /> ====张海珊 Zhang Haishan====<br /> <br /> 达尔文于1859年出版了《物种起源》。他在这本书里讨论了两个问题——物种是可变的，生物是进化的；自然选择是生物进化的动力。在他看来，因为生物有繁殖过盛的倾向，而生存空间和食物又有限，所以，生物必须“为生存而斗争”。在同一种群中，那些能适应环境的个体将存活下来，而不能适应环境的个体，将会被淘汰。在你看来，达尔文的研究作为学术没有任何问题，然而，如果在一个社会中，到处都高呼着“适者生存”，是不是有些太过血腥？在你看来，对病人的帮扶，对老者的体恤，对孩子的关爱，对孕妇的照顾等行为，应该是一个文明社会的标配。<br /> <br /> Darwin published the “On the Origin of Species” in 1859. He discussed two issues in the book - species are variable and creatures are evolutionary, natural selection motivates evolution. In his opinion, creatures have the tendency to over-reproduce, and the living space and food are limited, so they have to &quot;fight for survival&quot;. In the same species, those who could adapt to the environment would survive, while those who could not would be eliminated. For you, there is no problem with Darwin's findings as an academic research. However, isn’t it too cruel for people to shout &quot;survival of the fittest&quot; everywhere in the society? As for you, the help for the patient, the solicitude for the old, the care for the young, and the consideration for the pregnant woman should be standards in a civilized society.<br /> <br /> ====张珂珂 Zhang Keke====<br /> <br /> 49岁的陆奕林，经常穿着件白色短袖衬衫，黑裤子下是一双解放鞋。从体型上看，他精瘦而结实，但他的面相却让人过目难忘——这张脸比主人的实际年龄要沧桑许多。在那张瘦长的面孔上，有着浓眉、细眼、高鼻和阔嘴，然而，在额头处的横纹、眉心处的竖纹和两颊处的法令纹，却像刀刻般一道又一道，释放出一种无声的愁怨。出生在杨梅坑村小组的他，和别人一样渐渐长大，之后他结婚，之后他上当了父亲。然而在他的脸上，却总是浮动着一团乌云。2001年结婚时，他已31岁。婚后第二年，女儿便出生了，这让他欣喜万分。然而，他没有高兴太久，就发现了一件可怕的事情——老婆有问题。<br /> <br /> Lu Yilin, a 49-year-old man, often wears a white T-shirt, black pants and a pair of liberation shoes. He is physically wiry and athletic while his appearance is unforgettable—one looks older than his actual age. On his thin face, one can see heavy eyebrows, small eyes, a high nose and wide mouth. However, his horizontal stripes on the forehead, vertical stripes in the middle and wrinkles on the cheek have shown silent anxiety and resentment again and again. Born in Yang Meikeng village, He grows up, gets married and becomes a father just like many young people. However, a dark bank of cloud always looms on his face. In 2001 when he was 31 years old, he got married. The next year he felt exhilarated that his lovely baby girl entered the world. But it was not long before he found a terrible thing—something happens to his wife.<br /> <br /> Lu Yilin, a 49-year-old man, often wore a white T-shirt, black pants and a pair of liberation shoes. He was physically wiry and athletic while his appearance was unforgettable which looks older than his actual age. On his skinny face, one can see heavy eyebrows, small eyes, a high nose and wide mouth. However, his horizontal stripes on the forehead, vertical stripes in the middle and wrinkles on the cheek had shown silent anxiety and resentment again and again. Born in Yang Meikeng village, He grew up, get married and became a father just like his peers. However, a dark bank of cloud always loomed on his face. In 2001 when he was 31 years old, he got married. The next year he felt exhilarated that his lovely baby girl entered the world. But it was not long before he found a terrible thing—something unfortunately happened to his wife.<br /> <br /> ==== 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei====<br /> <br /> 从表面上看，她显得非常正常；但是，在某个时间节点上，她像是被一根魔法棍点到了脑袋，整个人即刻陷入失常状态。处于那个状态的女人真是可怕——完全听不到来自现实世界的任何声音，像一间屋子突然遭遇停水和停电。这种状态持续的时间并不长——大约有十几分钟——但处于那个状态中的时间似乎格外冗长。<br /> 老婆在医院做了各种检查后，被诊断为“脑发育不健全”。 他疑惑：“为什么会得上这种病？”医生解释说，这种病主要是神经系统发育受损引起的。这个回答让他一头雾水，不明就里。医生进一步解释——形成这种病的原因有先天的，也有后天的。如果孩子的父母有家族遗传史，或长期酗酒，或接触过有害物质及辐射，或在药物的副作用下，都可能造成婴儿脑发育不全；如果母亲在怀孕期间患有糖尿病等疾病，早产儿在出生的过程中窒息缺氧，孩子患有脑炎或低血糖等，也可能会导致脑发育不全。医生叮嘱他要时时留心老婆的身体，因为这种病的发作没什么规律。患有此病的人，智力明显低于同龄人，且行动能力差。<br /> <br /> Superficially, she was quite normal, however, in some certain time, she seemed to be hit by a magic stick, and she just immediately fell into an abnormal state. The woman in that state was really terrible - she could not hear any voice from the reality, just like a room suddenly cut off from water and electricity. The duration of this state is not long - about only ten minutes - but the time in that state seems to be very long.<br /> The wife was diagnosed as &quot;brain dysplasia&quot; after various examinations in the hospital. He wondered, &quot;Why did she get this disease?&quot; The doctor explained that the disease was mainly caused by impaired development of the nervous system. The answer left him totally confused. The doctor further explained that there are congenital and acquired causes of this disease. If the child's parents have a family genetic history, or have been addicted to alcohol for a long time, or have been exposed to harmful substances and radiation, or under the side effects of drugs, it may cause brain hypoplasia of the baby; If the mother suffers from diseases such as diabetes during pregnancy, premature infants suffer from asphyxia and hypoxia during birth, and the child suffers from encephalitis or hypoglycemia, it may also lead to brain hypoplasia. The doctor told him to keep an eye on his wife's health, because the attack of this disease is irregular. People with this disease have significantly lower intelligence than their peers, and poor mobility.<br /> <br /> Superficially, she was quite normal, however, in some certain time, she seemed to be hit by a magic stick, and just immediately being abnormal. The woman in that state was really terrible - she could not hear any voice from the reality, just like a room suddenly cut off from water and electricity. The duration of the state is not long - about only ten minutes - but the time in that state seems to be very long.<br /> The wife was diagnosed as &quot;brain dysplasia&quot; after various examinations in the hospital. He wondered, &quot;Why did she get this disease?&quot; The doctor explained that the disease was mainly caused by impaired development of the nervous system. The answer left him totally confused. The doctor further explained that there are congenital and acquired causes of this disease. If the child's parents have a family genetic history, or have been addicted to alcohol for a long time, or have been exposed to harmful substances and radiation, or under the side effects of drugs, it may cause brain hypoplasia of the baby; If the mother suffers from diseases such as diabetes during pregnancy, premature infants suffer from asphyxia and hypoxia during birth, and the child suffers from encephalitis or hypoglycemia, it may also lead to brain hypoplasia. The doctor told him to keep an eye on his wife's health, because the attack of this disease is irregular. People with this disease have significantly lower intelligence than their peers, and poor mobility.<br /> <br /> ==== 张思诗 Zhang Sishi====<br /> <br /> 为了给老婆治病，他去了英德、清远和广州，甚至还去了北京——他多么渴望专家和名医能妙手回春。然而，老婆的病情并没有明显好转，而家里已经贴出去了10多万。现在，老婆每个月都要去广州看病，医药费在500元左右。已经上高中的女儿，每个月的伙食费和零用钱要1000元。他是这个家的主要劳动力，总在绞尽脑汁地想挣钱的法子。<br /> 2019年的上半年，他上山砍麻竹笋，卖了1万多元；下半年时，他又出门打零工，挣了6000多元。从10月份开始，在扶贫干部的介绍下，他当了村里的护林员，每个月有3000元的工资。护林员干三天休一天，每天工作8小时，主要是巡山和巡河。虽然这个职位只给有劳动力的贫困户，但也要试用3个月。“要有责任心，认真干，才能继续签约。”<br /> <br /> In order to cure his wife, he went to Yingde, Qingyuan and Guangzhou, and even to Beijing - how he longed for a miracle cure from experts or famous doctors. However, his wife's condition has not improved significantly, and the family has already posted out more than 100,000 yuan. Now, his wife has to go to Guangzhou every month to see a doctor, and her medical bills are around 500 yuan every time. His daughter, who is already in high school, spends 1,000 yuan a month on food and pocket money. He is the main labourer of the family and is always racking his brains to think of ways to earn money.<br /> In the first half of 2019, he went up to the mountains to cut mahogany bamboo shoots and sold them for more than 10,000 yuan; in the second half of the year, he went out to do odd jobs and earned more than 6,000 yuan. From October, he was introduced by poverty alleviation cadres to work as a village forest ranger, with a monthly salary of 3,000 yuan. The ranger works three days off and eight hours a day, mainly patrolling mountains and rivers. Although the position is only given to poor households with labour, it is a three-month probationary period. &quot;You have to be responsible and work hard to keep signing up.&quot;<br /> <br /> In order to cure his wife, he has been to Yingde, Qingyuan and Guangzhou, and even to Beijing - how he longed for a miracle cure from experts. However, his wife's condition was not improved significantly, but the family has already posted out more than 100,000 yuan. Now, his wife has to go to Guangzhou every month to see a doctor, and her medical bills are around 500 yuan each time. His daughter, who is already in high school, spends 1,000 yuan a month on food and pocket money. Therefore, he is the main labour force in the family and is always racking his brains to think of ways to earn money.<br /> In the first half of 2019, he went up to the mountains to cut mahogany bamboo shoots and sold them for more than 10,000 yuan; in the second half of the year, he went out to do odd jobs and earned more than 6,000 yuan. In October, he was introduced by poverty alleviation cadres to work as a village forest ranger, with a monthly salary of 3,000 yuan. The ranger works three days off and eight hours a day, mainly patrolling mountains and rivers. Although the position is only given to poor households who can work, there is a three-month probationary period. &quot;You have to be responsible and work hard to keep signing up.&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== 张婷 Zhang Ting====<br /> <br /> 作为低保户，他家每个月有750元的补助，加上老婆的350元残疾补助，共1100元。以前，他住的是泥土房，因年久失修，墙角都泛起了黑色，显得岌岌可危。现在，他住的是红砖房。这房子是2017年建起来的：两房一厅。刷着黄油漆的木窗上镶嵌着明亮的玻璃，卧室的床上撑起白色的蚊帐，客厅里摆着长木椅和石板茶几，柜子上放着电视和洗碗机。他家还有电水壶、电饭煲、电磁炉、高压锅、煤气灶，和城里人的厨房不相上下。这栋房子政府补助了4万元，而他只掏了几千块。“如果没有补助，我是根本没有能力建房的！”他如此坦言。<br /> <br /> As a low-income household, his family receives a monthly allowance of 750 yuan, which is 1100 yuan in total, plusing his wife's 350 yuan disability allowance. In the past, he had lived in a house made of mud, the corners of which were blackened and looked precarious due to years of disrepair. Now, he lives in a red brick house. The house was built in 2017: with two rooms and a hall. The yellow-painted wooden windows are set with bright glass, the bed in the bedroom is propped up with a white mosquito net, the living room has a long wooden chair and a slate coffee table, and a TV and dishwasher are on the counter. There are also an electric kettle, electric rice cooker, induction cooker, pressure cooker, gas stove, even the city people's kitchen is comparable. The house was subsidized by the government for 40,000 yuan, and he only shelled out a few thousand. &quot;Without the subsidy, I would not have been able to build the house at all!&quot; He says so frankly.<br /> <br /> ==== 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 傍晚时分，当你来到丘冲村小组时，整个村庄已陷入到一种浓黑的色调中。虽然也有从窗户里渗出的灯光，但因周边的黑暗面积实在辽阔，故而那些灯光像星星一样微弱。当车停下来后，<br /> 你简直迈不开脚步——所有的事物都显得影影绰绰，你不知该朝哪个方向走。你早已习惯了被路灯簇拥的生活，哪里见过这样如墨汁般的浓黑！突然间，在你的身旁亮起了一束光！原来，是陪你来的扶贫干部打开了手电筒。<br /> <br /> When arriving at Qiuchong village, you’d find the whole village was shrouded in a deep black hue. Against the boundless darkness, the light filtering from windows was as faint as distant starlight. When the car stopped, you could even not move one more step, not knowing where to go, for everything blurred with the overlapping shadows. You have been used to the life surrounded by street lamps. How can you see such inky black！Suddenly, a beam of light came to you. It turned out to be the flashlight from the poverty-alleviation cadre who accompanied you.<br /> <br /> In the evening, when you arrived at the Qiuchong village, the whole village has fallen into a deep black hue. Against the boundless darkness, the light filtering from windows was as faint as distant starlight. When the car stopped, not knowing wherr to go, you could not even move one more step, for everything blurred with the overlapping shadows. You have been used to the life surrounded by street lamps without seeing such inky black. Suddenly, there was a light around you. It turned out that the poverty alleviation cadre who accompanied you turned on the flashlight.<br /> <br /> ==== 周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan ====<br /> <br /> 哦，手电筒！你大约有30多年没有见过它了！手电筒里射出的黄色光晕，让你看到脚下是一片草地，而在草地的前方，是两排房子——左边的低矮些，右边的高大些。突然，扶贫干部紧张地说：“你等一下。”他快步走到前面，将手电筒像机枪一样在草地上扫射了一番，好像是在寻找什么。当他返回来时，口气软了很多：“没有狗！”原来，村里的狗都是不拴链子的！你踩在草丛上的脚步显得趔趔趄趄——你已忘记了最后一次从乡村夜晚走过是哪一年。<br /> 陆社来一家正在厨房里吃饭。昏暗的灯光下，房间逼仄。你看到了一张小饭桌，还看到了黄泥墙壁被熏得发黑，以及塑料桶、塑料盆、塑料勺都塞着长条柜子里，灶上的铁锅敞开着，墙角是一堆木柴。这个场景有股泥土般的粗糙感，令你心尖一颤。你感觉自己好像在哪里见过一般——哦，梵高的油画《吃马铃薯的人》，描述的就是这样一个晚餐的场景。只是，在那幅画的焦点，是吊挂在房梁上的灯。然而，那种画家用粗拙遒劲的笔触所描绘的布满皱纹的面孔、瘦骨嶙峋的躯体，和眼前这场景却十分相似。<br /> <br /> Oh, the flashlight! You haven’t seen it in over 30 years! With the yellow light from the flashlight, you saw a meadow at your feet, and in front of it were two rows of houses -- the lower one on the left, and the higher one on the right. Suddenly, the poverty alleviation cadres stopped you. He hurried to the front and shined the light all over the grass as if he were looking for something. When he come back, he said with relief that there was no dog ahead. It turned out that all the dogs in the village are off leash. Staggering on the grass, you tried to remember the last time you walked through the country at night. Lu Shelai’s family were having dinner in the kitchen. In the dim light, you could see a small dinning table, the mud walls blackened with smoke, plastic buckets, pots and spoons stuffed into long cabinets, an open iron pan on the stove and a pile of firewood in the cramped room. There was an earthy roughness to the scene that made you touched. And you felt like you have seen this scene before. You recognized that Van Gogh’s painting Potato Eaters depicted the scene of having dinner. Although the highlight of the painting is the lamp hanging from the rafters, the wrinkled face and the bony body depicted by the artist are very similar to this scene.<br /> <br /> ==== 周子豪 Zhou Zihao====<br /> <br /> 67岁的陆社来身材干瘦，头发灰白且稀少，皮肤棕黄而发黑，双眼洞黑，脸颊处的肌肉像是被剔掉般深陷，套在身上的灰蓝色长袖T恤显得太过松垮，到处都是皱褶。在他身后的木板上，放着香烟、订书机、擦脸油和几瓶药——他是个肺心病患者。他们一家住在厨房对面的房子里——在璀璨的灯光下，一块块红砖清晰地散发着光芒，还有明黄色的木桌和木凳。灯光好像有一种神奇的效果——在厨房里表现出的那些枯燥，在砖房里全都被一一地捋平了。陆社来家只有1亩地，租出去后一年的租金是1000元。为补贴家用，他便到山上去砍木头——年近七旬，他的力气比不过年轻人，砍下来的木头只能卖1000元左右。两个儿子已正式分家——他和老伴跟着大儿子过。三个人每月有750元的低保补助，加上他和老伴的340元老人金，日子还算过得去。<br /> <br /> Sixty-seven-year-old Lu Shelai was so frail, his hair pale, brown skin darkened, eyes cavernous, his cheek shrivelled so badly as if it was pared away, that the creasy grayish-blue T-shirt on him was always sloppy. On the plank behind him laid cigerattes, a staple, some ointment, and some bottles of medicine—he got pulmonary heart disease. He with his family lived in a room opposite to the kitchen—under the shining lights the red bricks was clearly glistening and the bright yellowness of the wooden desks and chairs was luminated as well. It seemed that lights have cast a spell for the effect of which all the dullness in the kitchen subsided in the brick room. The rentage of this 1-Mu house is 1000 yuan per year. To make a living Lu chops firewood in the moutain. As an old man he is much less stronge than the young men and can only make 1000 yuan for the wood he chops. His two other son moved out, now it is only his wife and oldest son live with him. With the monthly subsidy of 750 yuan added by the couple's annuity of 340 yuan, they can barely get by.<br /> <br /> ==== 庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====<br /> <br /> 你在这个家的厨房里看到了小儿子：身材魁梧，声音洪亮。他也已成家有子，原本在广州开泥头车，“一个月挣5000元，但很辛苦。”这个男人像一座黝黑的铁塔，浑身都散发着一种刚强的力量，让这个空间有了丰富感和饱满感。他对自己的现状颇为不满，但又没什么更好的办法。过几天，他要到100公里之外的地方去打工，“挣些辛苦钱”。眼瞅着父母年老体衰，而自己的孩子也要抚养，他觉得肩头的担子一点都不轻。<br /> 城市就像个黑洞，把农村的青壮年全部都吸走了。和过去那种祖孙三代同时劳作在田间的场景完全不同，现在的乡村显得凋敝而荒凉，人气极为不旺。像陆社来的小儿子这样，被迫到外地打工的人在村里很多。事实上，如果乡村有更多的发展机会，他们更愿意留在家乡发展。</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Chunfeng_EN_4&diff=149846 Chunfeng EN 4 2022-11-10T08:04:48Z <p>Li Hong: /* 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun */</p> <hr /> <div>*Back to the [[Book_projects]]<br /> *For the students of the MA class [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022]]: The Wiki Admin will distribute the paragraphs to you and indicate your names beneath in the text. The Wiki admin will add the student names.<br /> *For the students of the BA class [[Translation Theory ZH-DE 2022]]: Please select another book project, which is translated into German. The Wiki admin will add the student names.<br /> <br /> This page originally only contained the Chinese text. Now the English translation is added. Therefore the page gets too long and may exceed the database space for each webpage one day. In order to avoid this, the text now is split into 5 sections. You can jump directly to the sections here:<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN]] with discussion table/list of terms<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_1]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_2]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_3]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_4]]<br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> == '''Discussiontable''' ==<br /> <br /> …for a consistent translation of:<br /> - names of places, people etc <br /> - titles of literary, historical works<br /> - technical terms<br /> - quotes<br /> - idioms, figures of speech<br /> <br /> (Please record here recurring words with the respective translation, your name, date and comments, if there are any. You may also suggest and discuss changes.)<br /> <br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Chin. Origial''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Translation''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Date/Translator''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Comments''' <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> ====白婷 Bai Ting====<br /> <br /> 现在，面对着擅自转卖棚圈扶贫指标的事情，代小飞又陷入了沉默。一个声音在他的耳边敲小鼓，——你抛家舍业出来干扶贫，辛辛苦苦不容易，还没有干出大成绩，让人背后一马鞭抽你脑袋上，最低也得半年能治好，若是这些人混不吝，集体往上给你写封检举信，最起码你得澄清一阵子 ，反正这些人也有其他收入，最终脱贫也没大问题，退一步地阔天宽，随他们去得了；另一个强有力的声音在他的耳边敲大鼓——一个党员干部的使命担当大于一切，捍卫国家的法律和党的政策，就应该无私无畏。经过反复研究，代小飞坚决果断拍板，扣发了这些人家的棚圈专项补助金。又因人而异，重新施策，给贫困户兑现了其它脱贫项目。 <br /> 一个绿草如茵，蓝天白云，清风送爽的乌兰布统景区，重新绽放出无比魅力。后来，嘎查举办了第一届牧民运动会，李生宝两口子分别都得了冠军，发奖的时候代小飞和他们俩说，你们两口子这是要把金牌包揽回家呀，给你们点个赞，那李生宝十分不好意思，他说对不起了代苏木达，那天喝了点，你别往心里去。这事就算是过去了。<br /> <br /> Now, confronted with the unauthorized resale of poverty-alleviation indicators to build a barn, Dai Xiaofei fell silent again. A voice was beating a small drum in his ear, saying, &quot;it's not easy for you to leave home to help the poor. Before making some achievements, you suffered from a riding whip on your head in the back, which would cure you in at least six months. If these people don't hesitate to collectively write a letter of accusation against you, you should clarify it for a while. Anyway, these people have other incomes to get rid of poverty without trouble eventually. Let them go.&quot; Another powerful voice was beating a big drum in his ear, saying, &quot;a Party official whose responsibility (to defend the country's laws and Party policies) is more important than anything else should be selfless and fearless.&quot; After repeated research, Dai decided to withhold the special subsidy for these families to build barns. He also implemented new policies based on the consideration of different people to fulfill other anti-poverty projects for poor households. <br /> Ulan Butong, a scenic spot with green grass, blue sky, white clouds, and cool breeze, was again blooming with inimitable charm. Later, Gacha held the first herders' sports meeting in which Li Shengbao and his wife respectively won the championships. When awarding the prizes, Dai Xiaofei said to them, &quot;you two were going to take all the gold medals, and I gave you a thumbs up.&quot; Li Shengbao was ashamed and said, &quot;Dai Sumuda, I am sorry for what I did on that day when I had a drink. Don't take it personally, and just let it go.&quot;<br /> <br /> Now, confronted with the unauthorized resale of poverty-alleviation indicators to build a barn, Dai Xiaofei fell silent again. A voice was beating a small drum in his ear, saying, &quot;it's not easy for you to leave home and get away from your work to help the poor. Before making some achievements, you suffered from a riding whip on your head in the back, which would cure you in at least six months. If these people don't hesitate to collectively write a letter of accusation against you , you should clarify it for a while. Anyway, these people have other incomes to get rid of poverty without trouble eventually. Take a step back let them go.&quot; Another powerful voice was beating a big drum in his ear, saying, &quot;a Party official whose responsibility (to defend the country's laws and Party policies) is more important than anything else should be selfless and fearless.&quot; After repeated research, Dai decided to withhold the special subsidy for these families to build barns. He also implemented new policies based on the consideration of different people to fulfill other anti-poverty projects for poor households. Ulan Butong, a scenic spot with green grass, blue sky, white clouds, and cool breeze, was again blooming with inimitable charm. Later, Gacha held the first herders' sports meeting in which Li Shengbao and his wife respectively won the championships. When awarding the prizes, Dai Xiaofei said to them, &quot;you two were going to take all the gold medals, and I gave you a thumbs up.&quot; Li Shengbao was ashamed and said, &quot;Dai Sumuda, I am sorry for what I did on that day when I had a drink. Don't take it personally, and just let it go.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====蔡思 Cai Si====<br /> <br /> 这件事，确立了代小飞在老百姓眼中公平端正、坚持原则的形象，也让代小飞觉得，自己被动地上了一课。基层的工作看似没有大事，其实件件都是大事，必须办好办实，稍一放松，就有可能给以后的工作带来难以拔腿的泥沼。为什么那么多贫困户不愿意在家院子里修棚圈，舍饲牛羊？无疑是缺乏生态环保的观念。他想起来了，来到黄芩塔拉，随便和村民聊天，都会有人告诉他——我们见过钱，老天爷给过我们好日子，那时候我们卖羊卖牛的钱，多的都像抱着一对双儿孩子似地抱着回家。其实他们并不知道，从另一个角度看，那是超载放牧的结果，六亩草场只能放一只羊，六十亩草场只能放一头牛，你非要在六亩草场里放六只羊，在六十亩草场里放六头牛，你头脚抱着钱回家，后脚草场就沙化了，风刮过来，黄沙就起来了，你发个两三年财，你看家的财富之源就消失了。这么一个苦恼的悖论，村民们一时是想不明白的，现在你让他们把牛羊赶回圈里养着，每年一头牛花很多的饲料钱，他们当然不愿意干，他们就愿意赶着一大群羊，像白云那样在草原上游动，走到哪里吃到那里，省钱又省力。岂不知，这种貌似与过去一样的 逐水草而游牧，看上去很美，却可以放纵人们趋利的欲望，任其下去，草原的每一寸的土地上都会站满牲畜，所有的小草将不复存在。每到春草发绿的时候，苏木和村两委的干部须到进入草原的路口站岗，拦截四面八方任意进入草原的畜群，政府好心好意给当地牧民盖棚圈，他们并不从心里领受，宁可收取一点现金，转手他人。再也不能让这种情形继续下去了，否则，乌兰布统完全有可能成为另一个科尔沁沙地。<br /> <br /> It made Dai Xiaofei establish an image of fairness and adherence to principles in the eyes of the people, and also made Dai feel that he was taught a lesson passively . The grass-roots work may not seem like a big deal, but in fact everything is a big deal, and it must be done well, a little relaxation may bring a quagmire in the future work. Why are so many poor households unwilling to build sheds and raise cattle and sheep in their yards? Undoubtedly, they lack of ecological and environmental-protection consciousness.He remembered that when he went to Huangqin Tara to chat with the villagers casually, someone would always tell him that ---- we have seen money, God has given us a good life, at that time we sold sheep and cattle, and the money we made from selling sheep and cattle was carried home like a pair of twin children.In fact, they don't know that from another point of view it is the result of overgrazing, six acres of pasture can only herd one sheep, sixty acres of pasture can only herd one cattle, you have to herd six sheep in six acres of pasture, six cattle in sixty acres of pasture, the grassland will be sandy as soon as you go home with money, when the wind blows over the yellow sand will rise, you can only build your fortune in two or three years , and the source of wealth for your family will disappear.The villagers could not understand such a distressing paradox for a while. Now you ask them to drive the cattle and sheep back into the barn. It costs a lot of fodder to raise a cow for a year. Of course they don’t want to do it. They are willing to drive a large flock of sheep herd them wherever they go, swim on the grassland like a white cloud,it saves money and effort. They don”t know that this seemingly nomadic herding of water and grass as in the past, although it looks beautiful but can indulge people's desire for profit, and if it goes on, every inch of the steppe will be crowded with livestock, and all the grass will no longer exist. Every time the spring grass turns green, the cadres of the two committees in Sumuhe village must stand guard at the intersection entering the grassland must stand guard at the intersection of entering the grassland in order to intercept the herds that enter the grassland arbitrarily from all directions. The government build barns for local herders with good intentions, but they do not receive it from their hearts, preferring to transfer it to others to collect a little cash. This situation cannot be allowed to continue, otherwise Ulaanbutong may become another Korqin Sandy Land.<br /> <br /> It made Dai Xiaofei establish his image in the eyes of people, a man of justice and principles, and also made Dai feel that he was taught a lesson passively. The grass-roots work may not seem like a big deal, but in fact everything is a big deal, and it must be done well. A little lax is very likely to bring you into a quagmire in the future work. Why are so many poor households unwilling to build sheds and raise cattle and sheep in their yards? Undoubtedly, they lack of ecological protection awareness. He recalled that when he came to Huangqin Tala to chat with the villagers casually, someone would always tell him that ---- we have seen money, God has given us a good life, and at that time the money we made from selling sheep and cattle was carried home as much as like twin babies. In fact, they don't know that from another perspective it is the result of overgrazing. Six acres of pasture can only herd one sheep and sixty acres of pasture can only herd one cow. If you insisted on herding six sheep in six acres of pasture and six cows in sixty acres of pasture, the grassland would go desertification as soon as you go home with money. When the wind blows over, the yellow sand will rise. You can only build your fortune in two or three years, and the source of wealth for your family will disappear. The villagers could not understand such a distressing paradox for a while. Now you ask them to drive the cattle and sheep back into the barn. It costs a lot of fodder to raise a cow for a year. Of course they don’t want to do it. They are willing to drive a large flock of sheep to stroll on the grassland like a white cloud and graze them as they do. It saves money and labor. They don’t know that this seemingly nomadic herding of water and grass as in the past, although it looks beautiful but can indulge people's desire for profit, and if it goes on, every inch of the steppe will be crowded with livestock, and all the grass will no longer exist. Every time the spring grass turns green, Sumu along with the cadres of the two committees need to stand guard at the intersection of the entrance of the grassland to intercept the herds that enter the grassland arbitrarily from all directions. The government build barns for local herders with good intentions, but they do not receive it from their hearts, preferring to transfer it to others to collect a little cash. This situation cannot be allowed to continue, otherwise Wulan Butong may become another Horqin Sandy Land.<br /> <br /> ====陈婧 Chen Jing ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 作为一个在内蒙古长大的青年人，代小飞自幼就知道，游牧文明就是珍惜草原的文明，知道传统的游牧生产，不超载，牲畜移动着吃草，不践踏草场，既可以保护一方水土，又可以养活一方人，是天人合一的大境界。<br /> <br /> As a young man who grew up in Inner Mongolia, Dai Xiaofei has known since childhood that nomadic civilization is the one that cherishes the grasslands and that traditional nomadic production won’t be overloaded and livestock move to graze without trampling pastures, which can preserve the grasslands and the water and support the nomads’ lives as well. This is a great realm of the unity of heaven and man.<br /> <br /> <br /> As a young man who grew up in Inner Mongolia, Dai Xiaofei has known since childhood that nomadic civilization is the one that cherishes the grasslands and that traditional nomadic production won’t be overloaded and livestock move to graze without trampling pastures, which can preserve the grasslands and the water and support the nomads’ lives at the same time. It is a great realm of the unity between nature and man.<br /> <br /> 而现实中，乌兰布统为什么会出现如此逆天而行的现象？关键点症结就是，人们还没有找到一个好的致富产业。总书记说过，绿水青山，就是金山银山。一定要守住乌兰布统草原的好生态，绝不可以把脱贫攻坚和生态保护对立起来，那么，使这两者统一起来的致富之道在哪里？<br /> <br /> However, why does Wulan Butong appear such anti-nature phenomenon in reality? The crux of it is that people haven’t found an appropriate profitable industry yet. The General Secretary said that lucid waters and green mountains are invaluable assets. We must keep the green ecology of Wulan Butong Grassland and must avoid the opposition between poverty eradication and ecological protection. So where is the way to get these two sides united to get wealth?<br /> <br /> <br /> However, why does Wulan Butong appear such anti-nature phenomenon in reality? The crux of it is that people haven't found an profitable industry yet. The General Secretary said that lucid waters and green mountains are invaluable assets. We must safeguard the green ecology of Wulan Butong Grassland and must avoid the opposition between poverty eradication and ecological protection. So what is the way to get the two aspects united to achieve prosperity?<br /> <br /> 在赤峰的其他旗县，为了脱贫攻坚，政府可以给贫困户提供诸多产业项目，任由人们根据自家情况进行选择，你说是入股种杂粮啊，种中草药还是经营大棚蔬菜种植啊，或者到各种企业打工啊，都可以取得达到尽快脱贫指标的收益，而在黄芩塔拉呢？黄芩是一种中药，塔拉就是草原，这里曾是长满中药材的地域，但是一旦在草原挖掘中草药，那后果就像在大地上割开无数口子，结果是十分可怕的，而种地，就意味着开荒，显然也是不行的。草原唯一可以利用的就是美景资源，而开发旅游在乌兰布统也有将近二十年的历史了，其中有多少经验又有多少教训，是一个值得思考的问题。<br /> <br /> In other banners and counties in Chifeng, in order to fight against poverty, the government can provide many industrial projects for poor households, and people can choose according to their own situation. You can choose to cultivate grains, herbal medicine or choose to run greenhouse vegetable cultivation, or work in various enterprises, all of which can achieve the basic income to get out of poverty as soon as possible. How about in Huangqin Tala? Huangqin is a kind of Chinese medicine and Tala is the grassland which was inundated by Chinese herbs. But once we start to dig herbs in the grassland, it would turn out to be terrifying like cutting slits on the ground. And farming which means reclamation is apparently infeasible. The only thing available of the grassland is the resources of beautiful sceneries. And Wulan Butong has nearly twenty years of history in tourism development. How much experience and how many lessons there are questions worthwhile to think about.<br /> <br /> <br /> In other banners and counties of Chifeng, in order to fight against poverty, the government provides many industrial projects for poor households, and people can choose according to their own situation. You can choose to cultivate grains, herbal medicine or choose to run greenhouse vegetable cultivation, or work in various enterprises, all of which can achieve the basic income to get out of poverty as soon as possible. How about in Huangqin Tala? Huangqin is a kind of Chinese medicine and Tala is the grassland which was inundated by Chinese herbs. But once we start to dig herbs in the grassland, it would turn out to be horrible like cutting infinite slits on the ground. And farming, meaning reclamation, is apparently infeasible. The only available resources of the grassland is the beautiful sceneries. And Wulan Butong has nearly twenty years of experience in tourism . It is worth thinking about how much experience there is and how much lessons there are.<br /> <br /> ====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====<br /> <br /> 黄芩塔拉嘎查离乌兰布统苏木所在地七十公里，道路是自然路，早上七点出发，九点钟才能到村里，赶上阴天下雨，刮风下雪，路就不能走了，所以代小飞到黄钦塔拉当了驻村第一书记后，一直住在村里，村委会没有房子，他就带着工作队的同志，住进了一户村民的家里，按规定交了伙食费，每天吃这家主妇做的家常饭，说老实话，自己生活上的再多的不适应也顾不上多想了，他每天听到最多的一是嘎查的饮用水不达标，出井就是黄汤子，好像兑了一半酱油，苦涩难咽；另一个就是村民的住房几乎无一可以说得过去，全部是多年的旧土房，冷暖不保，还有倒塌危险。<br /> <br /> HuangQin Tara Gacha is 70 kilometers away from Ulan Butong Sumu, and the road between the two places is naturally formed. Starting at seven o 'clock in the morning and arriving at the village at nine o 'clock, the road becomes impassable when it is cloudy and rainy, windy and snowy. So, Dai Xiaofei has been living in the village since he became the first village secretary of HuangQin TaLaGaCha. The village committee has no house, so he takes the comrades of the work team, living in a villager's house. They pay the food fee according to the regulations and eat the home-cooked meals cooked by the housewife every day. To be honest, no matter how much he does not adapt to his life, he does not think about it too much. One of the things he heard most every day is that the drinking water in the village is not up to standard. The water out of the well is yellow, as if it has been mixed with half of the soy sauce, which is bitter and difficult to swallow. Another is that almost none of the villagers' houses can be said to be acceptable. All of them are old earth houses, which cannot be used to keep cool in summer and warm in winter and are even in danger of collapse.<br /> <br /> Huangqintala Gacha is 70 kilometers away from Ulan Butong Sumu, and the road between the two places is naturally formed. If you depart at seven o 'clock in the morning, you would arrive at the village at nine o 'clock. The road would become impassable when it is cloudy and rainy, windy and snowy. So, Dai Xiaofei has been living in the village since he became the first village secretary of Huangqintala GaCha. The village committee had no house, so he took the comrades of the work team to live in a villager's house. They paid the board fee according to the regulations and had the home-cooked meals cooked by the housewife every day. To be honest, no matter how much he did not adapt to his life, he did not have time to think about it much. One of the things he heard most every day is that the drinking water in the village did not reach the standard. The water fetched out of the well was yellow, as if it has been half mixed with the soy sauce, which is bitter and difficult to swallow. Another is that almost none of the villagers' houses can be said to be acceptable. All of them are old earth houses that have been built for many years，which can not keep cool in summer nor keep warm in winter and are even in danger of collapse.<br /> <br /> 大自然非常奇异，在黄芩塔拉两公里之外的东窝棚自然村，地下水完全是另一种样子，清澈，甘甜，黄钦塔拉人盼了几十年，这最后两公里的问题始终没有解决，饮水入村，更待何时！代小飞急了，立刻向苏木党委做了汇报，通过苏木向旗水利局申请，向对口单位求助，一听说给老百姓接水，所到之处都伸出来援助之手，很快水就引到了老百姓的厨房里。<br /> <br /> Nevertheless, nature is very mysterious. In Dongwopeng Natural Village, two kilometers away from HuangQin Tara, the underground water is completely different, clear and sweet. People in HuangQin TaLaGaCha have been looking forward to the water for decades, but the problem of the last two kilometers has not been solved. When will water be brought to the village? Dai Xiaofei felt anxious, immediately made a report to the Sumu Party Committee, applied to the Water Conservancy Bureau through the Sumu Party Committee and asked the counterpart for help. Wherever they went, as soon as heard of getting water for the villagers, all the people lent a helping hand, and soon the water was brought to the villagers' kitchens.<br /> <br /> How singular nature is！In Dongwopeng Natural Village, two kilometers away from Huangqintala Gacha, the underground water is completely different. It is is clear and sweet. People in Huangqintala Gacha have been looking forward to clear water for decades, but the problem of the last two kilometers has not ever been solved. When will water be brought to the village? Dai Xiaofei felt anxious. He immediately made a report to the Sumu Party Committee，applied to the Water Conservancy Bureau through the Sumu Party Committee and asked the counterpart organization for help. Wherever they went, all people lent a helping hand as soon as they heard it was to get water for the villagers. Soon the water was brought to the villagers' kitchens.<br /> <br /> ====陈思阳 Chen Siyang====<br /> <br /> 2016年，自治区要求解决牧区农村居住环境的改造问题，三个月内完成施工任务。当时作为副苏木达，还承担着这项工作任务。由于道路不好走，施工用料运入十分困难，代小飞每天起早贪黑，和施工方一起在工地上现场办公，出现问题立即解决，他整个人晒得黢黑，也消瘦了很多，一次回旗里开会，妻子第一眼都没认出他来。别人看不见的是，他的脚疾眼中，指甲往肉里长，痛的钻心，他总是等大家都睡了，一个人悄悄上药治疗，白天依然大步流星地在工地上奔走。 <br /> <br /> In 2016, the autonomous region required to solve the problem of rural residential environment transformation in pastoral areas and complete the construction task within three months. At that time, as Deputy Sumuda, he also undertook this task. Due to the tough road, it is difficult to transport construction materials. Dai Xiaofei works from dawn to night everyday with the construction party on the site so as to solve problems once they occurred. He was richly sunburned and thin, and his wife didn’t recognize him at first sight when he returned to flag for a meeting. What others can't see is that his nails grow into the flesh and hurt deeply in the eyes of his foot disease, and the pain pierces the heart. He always waits for everyone to sleep, secretly applies medicine, and still strides on the construction site during the day. <br /> <br /> In 2016, the autonomous region was required to solve the problem of rural residential environment transformation in pastoral areas, they must complete the construction task within 3 months. At that time, as Deputy Sumuda, Dai Xiaofei also undertook this task. Since the road is tough, it is difficult to transport construction materials. Dai Xiaofei works from dawn to night every day with the construction party on the site to solve problems once they occurred. He was richly sunburned and thin, and his wife didn’t recognize him at first sight when he returned to the flag for a meeting. What others can't see is that his nails grow into the flesh and hurt deeply in the eyes of his foot disease, and the pain pierces the heart. He always waits for everyone to sleep, secretly applies for medicine, and still strides on the construction site during the day.<br /> <br /> 洁净甘甜的水引来了，新村建起来了，老乡们高兴地心劲也起来了，纷纷想辙致富。他们说代苏木达是真心为了咱们办实事，把代小飞当做亲人，也当做了依靠。这时候，代小飞被组织上提拔为苏木人大主任，回苏木去了，黄钦塔拉的老乡们看着他汽车的背影，立刻没了精神。时隔几天，代小飞突然出现村委会的办公室里，他告诉大家 ，自己还继续任黄钦塔拉嘎查第一书记，完成脱贫攻坚的决胜之战。刹那间，人群里爆发了热烈的掌声，不知道何时汇聚到村委会的乡亲们流出了真情的眼泪。他们说，代书记这个老百姓的贴心人，又回来了，我们真高兴！<br /> <br /> With clear and sweet water and new-built village, villages were very happy and found ways to be rich. They said Dai Sumuda did practical things for them sincerely, and they has regarded Dai Xiaofei as a family member and a dependency. At this time, Dai Xiaofei was promoted by the organization to be the director of the National People's Congress of Sumu, and went back to Sumu. The villagers of Huang Qintala looked at his car and lost their spirit immediately. A few days later, Dai Xiaofei suddenly appeared in the office of the village committee. He told everyone that he continued to be the first secretary of Huang Qintala gacha and completed the decisive battle to fight against poverty. In a flash, the crowd burst into applause, and the villagers gathered at the village committee at some time shed tears. They said that Dai Secretary, a close friend of the people, is back again. We are so happy!<br /> <br /> Since they can get access to clear and sweet water, and also the new village was built, they were very happy, each of them tried to find ways to get rich. They said that Dai Sumuda did practical things for them sincerely, and they regarded him as a family member as well as a reliable person. At this time, Dai Xiaofei was promoted by the organization to be the director of the National People's Congress of Sumu and went back to Sumu. The villagers of Huang Qintala looked at his car and lost their spirits immediately. A few days later, Dai Xiaofei suddenly appeared in the office of the village committee. He told everyone that he continued to be the first secretary of Huang Qintala gacha and completed the decisive battle to fight against poverty. In a flash, the crowd burst into applause. We couldn't figure out when the villagers gathering at the village committee shed tears. They said, &quot;Dai Secretary, a close friend of us, is back again. We are so happy!&quot;<br /> <br /> ====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi ====<br /> <br /> 代小飞作为主管扶贫的副苏木达，他经常在各个嘎查间调研，到各个跑马场和旅游经营者、服务人员交流，甚至跟着羊群的后面进入草原上，他终于搞清楚了，貌似红红火火的旅游经营，事实上还存在着许多漏洞，第一，跑马场太多了，恶性竞争的风险潜在多时，跑马场里马太多，已经过度践踏了草场，导致局部沙化，各种违建旅游设施鳞次栉比，严重影响了当地生态环境，从村民角度看，有劳动力的牧民可以到旅游马场做骑行牵马服务，获得一些收入，有财力的牧民可以买几匹马到跑马场入股分红，可是最贫困的人家，尤其是那些老弱病残的家庭，并没有从当地日渐火热的旅游业中获得任何利益，他们的两不愁三保障的问题仍然没有解决。<br /> <br /> As the vice Sumuda who majorly engages in poverty alleviation, Dai Xiaofei often did research at each gacha, came to each racetrack to communicate with tourism operators and service personnel, he even followed the sheep into the grassland. Finally, he figured it out, the tourist business here seemed to be thriving, but in fact, there are many loopholes: first, there are too many racetracks so the risk of vicious competition has existed potentially for a long time. And there are too many horses in racetracks, having excessively trampled the grassland, which leads to partial desertification, and various illegal tourist facilities, seriously impacting on the local ecological environment. From the perspective of the villagers, nomads who have a labor force can work for tourist racetracks to lead horses to earn some money; those who have enough money can buy a few horses to buy a share at racetracks; however, the poorest households, especially the ones of the old and the sick, who never benefited from the growing popularity of local tourism, they haven’t got access to “two assurances and three guarantees” yet.<br /> <br /> As the deputy in charge of poverty alleviation, Dai Xiaofei often conducted research at each gacha, went to each racetrack to communicate with tourism operators and service personnel, and even followed the sheep into the grassland. He finally figured out that there were still many loopholes in the seemingly prosperous tourism operation. First, there were too many racecourse, and the risk of vicious competition was latent for a long time.There are too many horses in the racecourse, which has overtraged the grassland, resulting in partial desertification, and there are many illegal tourist facilities, which seriously affect the local ecological environment. From the perspective of the villagers, herdsmen with labor can work for tourist racetracks to lead horses to get some income, and herdsmen with financial resources can buy a few horses to the racetracks to get a share of profits; however, the poorest households, especially the ones of the old and the sick, who never benefited from the growing popularity of local tourism, haven’t got access to “two assurances and three guarantees” yet.<br /> 小红山子嘎查的贫困户张凤英就是一个典型的例子，她丈夫四十五岁肝硬化去世，大女儿脊柱侧歪，两个病人把这个家庭带入了贫困的深渊，谁知手术后的大女儿一家，又突遇车祸，还需要张凤英帮助。她家里有二百四十亩草场，每年可以获得一千三百五十元钱的草场补贴，又在国家扶贫项目款的支持下，买了一匹马，入到旅游点经营分红，但是由于自己的身体和家境情况，她再不能通过其劳动方式获得收益，因此脱贫问题没有解决。<br /> <br /> Zhang Fengying, a poor household in Xiaohongshanzi gacha, is a typical example. Her husband died of cirrhosis of the liver at the age of 45, and her eldest daughter had scoliosis. They two brought this family into the abyss of poverty. No one could imagine that the family of her eldest daughter got in a sudden car accident after her operation, they even needed help from Zhang Fengying. They have 240 mu of grassland, which benefits them with a subsidy of 1,350 yuan each year, and with the supporting money of the national poverty alleviation project, they bought a horse so that they bought a share at a tourist racetrack. However, due to her body condition and family situation, she could no longer make money through other labor work. Therefore, their poverty issue hasn’t been solved.<br /> <br /> Zhang Fengying, a poor household in Xiaohongshanzi gacha, is a typical example. They two brought this family into the abyss of poverty. Who knows that the eldest daughter's family got in a sudden car accident after her operation, they even needed help from Zhang Fengying. They have 240 mu of grassland, which benefits them with a subsidy of 1,350 yuan each year, and with the support of the national poverty alleviation project, she bought a horse and went to a tourist spot to operate it as a dividend. However, due to her health and family condition, she can no longer earn income through labor, so the problem of poverty alleviation has not been solved.<br /> <br /> ====丁粤 Ding Yue====<br /> <br /> 为此，代小飞领着苏木干部和工作队成员，在旅游区走了四天，挨家挨户向旅游宾馆的老板们化缘。事情正如他们事前的预料，不顺利。你一提赞助贫困户，有的老板就说了，出钱可以，但我们的钱来得的也不容易，领导给点政策吧。一问要什么政策，他便狮子大开口，给我们减免景区门票吧。代小飞知道，如果减免了，他们家的旅游点会涌来很多客人，但集体的收益就要受损失；还有的老板，要求乡政府给修污水处理设施，解决经营性难题，代小飞说，我目前能给你解决的，就是在旗里的媒体上和我们的公众号上给你做做广告，招揽一下生意，结果老板们不干，谈话只得到此终止。<br /> <br /> To this end, Dai Xiaofei led cadres and team members of Ulan Butong Sumu to walk in the tourist area for four days, begging for alms from door to door from the bosses of tourist hotels. As they had expected, things were not going well. As soon as you mentioned sponsoring poor households, some boss said that we can donate money, but our money was hard won. So leaders should give us some policies. When Dai Xiaofei asked what policy he wanted, he would open his mouth wide. He requested that the tickets to the scenic spot should be reduced or exempted. Dai Xiaofei knew that if the tickets were exempted, many guests would come to their tourist spots, but the collective income would decrease; Another boss asked the township government to repair the sewage treatment facilities and solve their operational problems. Dai Xiaofei said that what I can solve for you now is to advertise for you on the media of the flag and on our official account to attract business. As a result, the bosses did not agree, and the conversation ended.<br /> <br /> To this end, Dai Xiaofei, with cadres and team members of Ulan Butong Sumu, walked from door to door in the tourist area for four days, asking for financial aid from the bosses of tourist hotels. As they had expected, things were not going well. As soon as they mentioned donation to the poor, some hotel owners would imply that they could donate money but in exchange for some preferential policies since their money was hard won.When Dai Xiaofei asked what kind of preferential policies they wanted, they would demand an exorbitant price, such as the deduction on the entrance fee of their scenic spots. Dai Xiaofei knew that if the tickets were exempted, many guests would come to their tourist spots, but the collective income would decrease; other bosses asked the township government to repair the sewage treatment facilities and solve their operational problems. Dai Xiaofei replied that what he could do was to advertise for them on the media of the banner and on their official account to attract business for their hotels. However, these owners did not agree to Dai's offer,so their communication could not go further.<br /> (Fu Jing)<br /> <br /> 就在即将空手而归的时候，他们走进了郭宏明的宾馆，一进去感觉就不一样，敞亮大气，各种设施优质精细，每一个细节都像长远做事儿的样子。郭宏明没有二话，说，要多少吧，应该的。后来，郭宏明一口气签下了三份扶助合同，直接帮助三户贫困户三年，每户三千元， 从2016年到现在，只要扶贫方面有什么需求，他总是第一个慷慨解囊。2019年世界减贫学习班，在赤峰市举办，来自非洲贫困地区的学员，到乌兰布统参观，又是郭宏明出资，免费为这个团队提供了丰盛的午餐。郭宏明说，这是广告，让朋友们尝尝我们草原上的美食，通过舌尖的记忆把我们中国的乌兰木统草原的美和好传播出去。有郭宏明带头，通过苏木反复做工作，终于将旅游十七家企业组织起来，成立了乌兰布统旅游协会， 互相协调，直接帮助贫困户十八家，为苏木脱贫攻坚贡献了力量。<br /> <br /> <br /> When they were about to return with empty hand, they walked into Guo Hongming's hotel. Once they entered, they had different feelings. The hotel was bright and magnificent. All kinds of facilities were fine and of high quality. Every detail seemed to illustrate the promising future of his career. Guo Hongming didn't say anything else. He just said, &quot;How much do you want? It should be our duty to offer help&quot;. Later, Guo Hongming signed three assistance contracts in one breath and directly helped three poor households for three years. He donated 3000 yuan to each poor household. From 2016 to this moment, he has always been the first to give generously whenever there is a need for poverty alleviation. The 2019 World Poverty Reduction Workshop was held in Chifeng City. Students from poor areas in Africa visited Ulan Butong, and it was Guo Hongming who made pavement and provided a sumptuous lunch for the students. Guo Hongming said that this is an advertisement to let the foreign friends taste the delicious food on our grassland and we could spread the beauty and kindness of China's Ulan BuTong grassland through the memory of the tip of the tongue. Guo Hongming took the lead in organizing 17 tourism enterprises in Sumu Gacha through repeated efforts, and established Ulan Butong Tourism Association whose members coordinated with each other and directly helped 18 poor households, contributing to Sumu's poverty alleviation.<br /> <br /> <br /> When they were about to return with empty hand, they walked into Guo Hongming's hotel. Once they entered, they had different feelings. The hotel was bright and magnificent. All kinds of facilities were fine and of high quality. Every detail seemed to illustrate the promising future of the owner's career.Knowing their visting purpose, Guo Hongming didn't say anything else but words like &quot;How much do you need?&quot; and &quot;Glad to help.&quot; Later,Guo Hongming signed three contracts of assistance in one breath,providing three poor households with an anual aid of ￥3,000 per household for three years.From 2016 to this moment, he has always been the first to give generously whenever there is a need for poverty alleviation. For example, during the 2019 World Poverty Reduction Workshop held in Chifeng City,it was Guo Hongming who made pavement and provided sumptuous lunches for students from poor areas in Africa visiting Ulan Butong. Guo Hongming said that this was an advertisement to let the foreign friends taste the delicious food on grassland, so as to spread the beauty and kindness of China's Ulan BuTong grassland through their memory of the tip of the tongue.With the efforts of the repeated communication made by Sumu officials,Guo Hongming also organized 17 tourism enterprises and established Ulan Butong Tourism Association, whose members coordinated with each other and directly helped 18 poor households, contributing to Sumu's poverty alleviation.(Fu Jing)<br /> <br /> ====付静 Fu Jing====<br /> <br /> 黄芩塔拉的的村民纷纷摘掉了贫困户的帽子，代小飞代表镇政府把一面锦旗送到了郭宏明的宾馆。郭宏明上台讲话，他说我1991年入党，是个老党员，就应该全心全意为人民做事，再说了，我在当地经营，没有大家的共同富裕，哪有我的富裕……这话把代小飞听得心热，眼泪止不住地就流了出来。<br /> 经过扶贫攻坚这一历史性的决战，乌拉布统苏木已是美丽与发展双赢，生活和生态和谐，黄芩塔拉嘎查更是旧貌变新颜。“我们的生活比以前好很多，多亏代苏木达为大家找出路”，“为人民办实事”“老百姓的贴心人”“代苏木达人真不错”这是常从百姓口中听到的对他的评价。<br /> <br /> After the villagers of Huangcentala Gacha were lifted out of poverty, Dai Xiaofei, on behalf of the township government, delivered a pennant to Guo Hongming’s hotel. Mr. Guo took the stage to deliver his speech. “I joined the party in 1991”, he said, “as a party veteran, doing things for the people with all my hearts is my responsibility. Besides, as a local business operator, without common prosperity for everyone, how can I achieve my enrichment...” These words warmed Dai Xiaofei from the bottom of his heart and brought tears to his eyes. After the historic decisive battle of poverty alleviation, Ulabutong Sumu has achieved a win-win situation of ecological beauty and economic development as well as a harmonious state of human life and ecological environment. What is more, past scenes have been transformed in Huangcentala Gacha. Thus, praise from villagers for Mr. Dai could often be heard, such as &quot;Our life is much better than before, thanks to Dai Sumuda for finding a way out for everyone.&quot;, &quot;He is doing practical things for the people.&quot;, &quot;He is a caring person.&quot;, and &quot;Dai Sumuda is really good&quot;.<br /> <br /> <br /> As the villagers of Huangcentala Gacha were lifted out of poverty, Dai Xiaofei, on behalf of the township government, delivered a pennant to Guo Hongming’s hotel. Mr. Guo took the stage to deliver his speech. “as a party veteran who joined the party in 1991, doing things for the people with all my hearts is my responsibility. Besides, as a local business operator, without common prosperity for everyone, how can I achieve my enrichment...” These words warmed Dai Xiaofei from the bottom of his heart and brought tears to his eyes. After the historic decisive battle of poverty alleviation, Ulabutong Sumu has achieved a win-win situation of ecological beauty and economic development as well as a harmonious state of human life and ecological environment. What is more, past scenes have been transformed in Huangcentala Gacha. Thus, praise from villagers for Mr. Dai could often be heard, such as &quot;Our life is much better than before, thanks to Dai Sumuda for finding a way out for everyone.&quot;, &quot;He is doing practical things for the people.&quot;, &quot;He is a caring person.&quot;, and &quot;Dai Sumuda is a nice person&quot;.<br /> <br /> ====高燕 Gao Yan====<br /> <br /> 铁打的女人魏淑利<br /> <br /> Wei Shuli-a woman who has a strong will<br /> <br /> 男人们回到家 ，呼哧呼哧吞进去两大碗饭，便一心无挂地倒头睡去。是的，他们真的太累了。其实，营子里还有比他们更累的人，那就是铁打的女人们 。 <br /> 脱贫攻坚开始了，在致富的道路上，女人们心怀世上最朴素的真理——幸福的生活靠劳动创造 ，挺起了柔弱的肩膀，咬定青山不放松，不断地给自己加重量，加勇气，主内也主外，生活和创业两不误，一步步拉住了梦想的手。 <br /> 在赤峰草原山地那些贫困的营子里，我看到了这样一种生活。<br /> “种黄瓜茄子时，大棚的温度要高一些，最低19－20度，最高可以到30度，种西红柿时，大棚的温度要低1-2度。尖椒棚能种豆角，西红柿棚不能种豆角，容易得白粉病。一个白粉虱一夜能产几千只卵，能毁掉一垄菜……”宁城县哈尔脑村的建档立卡特贫困户毕迎立家的女主人魏淑利，通过从事阳光温室种植，于2019年摘掉了贫困户帽子，也成了阳光温室种植蔬菜的高手。面对我的采访，她说得头头是道。<br /> 在宁城县，日光温室大棚一座连着一座，把每一个村子，每一个乡镇都连了起来。发展设施农业，是宁城县脱贫攻坚的成功之路。时至初冬，外面的世界已经是枯黄色的了，风冷飕飕的，夹杂着一点小雪。我们推开种植大棚的门，一股暖风和满眼绿色扑面而来。魏淑利从枝壮叶盛的西红柿秧子丛中走出来，手上沾着泥土，她正在开闸浇灌这些成长中的秧苗。<br /> <br /> When the men came home, they would gobble two bowls of rice and then lie down to sleep. Yeah, they're really tired. In fact, there are people in the camp who are more tired than them, that is, the women who have strong will. The initiative of Poverty eradication has begun. On the road to wealth, women have the simplest truth in the world-a happy life is created by labor. They have straightened up their weak shoulders, stayed tenacious like a bamboo deeply rooted in the rocks and did not relax. They have continuously added weight and encouraged themselves. They did the household chores inside and worked outside. They neglected neither entrepreneurship nor life. They have held the hand of their dreams step by step.<br /> I saw such a life in the poor camps in the grasslands and mountains of Chifeng. &quot;When we planted cucumbers and eggplants, the temperature in the greenhouse should be higher, with a minimum of 19-20 degrees and a maximum of 30 degrees. When we planted tomatoes, the temperature in the greenhouse should be 1-2 degrees lower than the average. Pepper shed can grow beans, tomato shed can not grow beans, easy to get powdery mildew. One whitefly can lay thousands of eggs a night and destroy a row of vegetables<br /> Wei Shuli, the hostess of Bi Yingli, a poor household in Harnao Village, Ningcheng County, got out of poverty in 2019 by engaging in sunshine greenhouse planting, and became an expert in planting vegetables in sunshine greenhouse. In the face of my interview, she spoke eloquently. In Ningcheng County, solar greenhouses are connected one by one, connecting every village and every town. Developing facility agriculture is a successful way for Ningcheng County to get rid of poverty. It was early winter, and the outside world was a dry yellow, with a chill wind and a little snow. We pushed open the door of the greenhouse, and a warm wind and green came to our eyes. Wei Shu-li walked from the lush tomato seedlings, her hands stained with mud, as she turned on the floodgates to water the growing plants.<br /> <br /> ====关娜 Guan Na====<br /> <br /> 说起脱贫以前的生活，眼泪浸透满了魏淑利的眼睛。<br /> 魏淑利和她的丈夫都是农村青年，当初结婚，真的是手无分文，只靠着每年种十二亩旱地为生。2014年他们还没有自己的住房，每年花四千元，租住在一间商场的间壁房里，间壁墙是木板的，一到冬天，风呼呼地吹进屋，大人孩子半夜常常被冻醒。 <br /> 在赤峰农村，一般是一对夫妻两个孩子，人们最理想的是一儿一女。如此这般，一个家庭里便有了知道疼父母的小棉袄，也有了支撑门户的顶梁柱。毕迎立和魏淑利的第一个孩子是个女儿，当魏淑利第二次怀孕的时候，他们期盼着生个儿子，这也是人之常情。没想到魏淑利的第二胎是一对儿可爱的双胞胎女儿。魏淑利跟我讲，这两个孩子小时候身体不好，三天两头生病，有点流感什么的，这对双胞胎一准儿摊上，镇医院的门槛都要被她们娘几个给踏破了，可想而知他们这个家庭的压力有多大。<br /> <br /> Wei Shuli's eyes was filled with tears as she talked about her life before poverty alleviation. When she and his husband got married, they really had no money, making a living by planting 12 mu dry land every year.In 2014, they did not have their own house. They spent 4,000 yuan on renting a room with wooden walls in a small one of a shopping mall. In winter, the wind blew into the room, so that the adults and children were often woken up due to the cold weather at midnight. In the village of Chifeng, a couple usually has two children, ideally a son and a daughter. If so, the family is perfect, one taking care of their parents and another sipporting this family. Bi Yingli and Wei Shuli's first child was a daughter, so they expected that the second child was a son when she was pregnant again , which was natural. Unexpectedly, their second child was a pair of cute twin girls. Wei Shuli told me that the two children were out of condition when they were young, who were susceptible to fall ill. If flu breaks out, they are easy to suffer from it, which is a vexing problem. You can imagine how much pressure on their family.<br /> <br /> <br /> Speaking of the life before poverty alleviation, tears filled Wei Shuli's eyes.<br /> <br /> Wei Shuli and her husband are both rural youths. When they got married, they were really penniless, only relying on twelve acres of dry land to make a living every year. In 2014, they did not have their own housing and were renting a room with woolen walls in a mall for 4,000 yuan a year. The wind would blow into the room in winter, so they were often woken up in the middle of the night by the cold. <br /> <br /> In rural areas of Chifeng, it is generally a couple with two children, and people always prefer one son and one daughter ideally so a family will have a sweat girl who cares for her parents and a reliable boy who can support the family. The first child of them was a girl. When Wei Shuli became pregnant again, they dreamed for a boy which sounded fair. But they had a lovely twin daughters instead. Wei Shuli told me that their twin were not healthy enough when they were kids, they would catch any disease even it was a just flu, so the hospital in the town was like a second home to them. We can image the pressure of their family from these things.<br /> <br /> ====郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====<br /> <br /> 当魏淑利发现自己第二次怀上了双胞胎的时候，她和丈夫并没有喜出望外的感觉，相反变得愁眉不展。上一对双胞胎生出来到养大，全靠亲戚朋友帮忙，东借西凑，再来一对双胞胎可怎么是好啊？医生严肃的告诉他们，魏淑利已经做过阑尾炎等三次手术，加上年龄偏大，只能顺其自然了。结果，这一对双胞胎只保住了一个男孩。<br /> 四个孩子的吃穿用度，加上出生时的医疗费，把这个家彻底压垮了。<br /> 改革开放已经快四十年了，在中国农村，虽然还有相当多的贫困人口，但是吃不上饭的人家基本没有了。魏淑利告诉我，当时我们家真是到了吃了上顿愁下顿的程度。<br /> 屋漏偏逢连阴雨。2005年，毕迎立到天津打工，上班第一天，就出了事故。他从在建的十四层楼上摔了下来，还算幸运，落在了钢筋的空隙里，保住了性命，不幸的是，造成了两根肋骨骨折，不能工作养家了。<br /> 由于多次手术和长期的超负荷劳动，这个六口之家唯一的劳动力魏淑利，也患上了腰间盘突出症和高血压症，由于长期使用激素，在一定程度上消损了她原本年轻健康的体质。她看上去挺胖，实际上很虚，动不动就一头汗水。<br /> <br /> When Wei Shuli found out she was pregnant with twins for the second time, she and her husband did not feel overjoyed, but rather worried. The first twin was born and raised with the help of borrowing money from all relatives and friends. Now they really couldn't afford another one. The doctor told them seriously that Wei Shuli had already had three operations including appendicitis, and with her age, she had to let nature take its course. Unfortunately, only one boy of the twin survived.<br /> <br /> The living costs for the four children, plus the medical expenses at birth, completely overwhelmed this family.<br /> <br /> It has been almost forty years since the reform and opening up. Although there are still a considerable number of poor in rural China, there are basically no people who don't even have food to eat. But Wei Shuli told me that at that time, her family really had to worry about their next meal.<br /> <br /> Fate is always cruel. Bi Yingli went to Tianjin for work in 2005, but there was an accident happened his first day of work. He fell from a fourteen-story building under construction, but luckily he landed in the gap between the steel bars which made him survived. Unfortunately, two of his ribs were broken, so he couldn't work to support his family. Due to multiple surgeries and long-term overload, Wei Shuli, the only laborer in this family of six, also suffered from lumbar disc herniation and hypertension. The long-term use of hormones had also eroded her youth and health in some aspect. She looked quite fat but she was actually very weak and sweated a lot easily.<br /> <br /> ====侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====<br /> <br /> 这一对夫妻看看身边四个没有长大的孩子，满心都是忧愁。怎么办？能帮助他们的亲戚已经竭尽所能了，该想的办法都想过了，家里就要过不下去了。那时候真是想死都死不起啊，魏淑利流着眼泪说。都说再苦不能苦孩子，再穷不能不让孩子上学。可是到了这个份上，一切自己都无法说了算，你拿什么去实现这个“不能”？就是在这种“不能”的生活中 ，大女儿不知道什么时候长大了，每天给她的饭钱，原本很少，她宁可饿着也不肯花，省下来到晚上放学，给急需营养的小弟弟买一根小香肠；为了分担母亲的压力，她决定去考职业学校，这样就可以早一些参加工作，挣到钱。十七岁的她，正值爱美爱玩花季。别的女同学放了学，就扎堆在小超市里，买各种喜欢吃的零食，选各好玩又漂亮的小饰品，而魏淑利的大女儿放学总是立即回到家，因为事情多得做不完 她要辅导两个妹妹的功课，还要洗全家的衣服，帮助妈妈做饭。而那一对双胞胎姐妹，也显得比同龄的孩子懂事很多，她们从不向爸爸妈妈要零嘴吃，家里吃饭的时候，她们说不爱吃肉，其实是想把那一点点肉，留给受伤的爸爸；就连家里最小的弟弟，在外面看着别人家孩子吃零食的时候，明明嘴里的垂涎要出来了，也知道赶紧扭过头去。<br /> <br /> The couple looked at their four children around them who had not grown up and were filled with sorrow. How should they do? The relatives who could help them had done everything they could. The family would not be able to survive. “At that time, I couldn't even stand to die.” Wei Shuli said through tears. It is said that no matter how hard the life is, the children should be taken care well, and no matter how poor the family is, children should go to school. But to this point, all the things are uncontrollable. What can you do to meet that standard? Is in this kind of hard life, the eldest daughter somehow grew up. Her meal money in every day, originally was very little. She would rather be hungry than to spend the money. She save them to the evening after school, and buy a small sausage to the little brother in need of nutrition; In order to share her mother's pressure, she decided to enroll in a vocational school so that she could start work early and earn money. When seventeen years old, she was in the age of playing and make-up. Other girls would gather in small supermarkets after school to buy all kinds of favorite snacks and choose interesting and beautiful trinkets. However, Wei Shuli's eldest daughter always came home immediately after school because she had to help her two younger sisters with their homework, wash the family's clothes and help her mother cook. And the twin sisters, also appear to be a lot more sensible than the children of their same age. They never ask mom and dad to buy snacks. When eating at home, they would say they do not love meat. In fact, they want to give that little bit of meat to their injured father; Even the youngest brother in the family would quickly turn his head away when watching other children eating snacks outside, though the saliva in his mouth is clearly about to come out.<br /> <br /> The couple looked at their four children around them who had not grown up yet and were absorbed in sorrow. What should they do? The relatives who could help them had done whatever they could. The family would not be able to live smoothly. “At that time, I couldn't even stand to die.” Wei Shuli said with tears flowing. It is said that no matter how hard life is, the children should be taken care of well, and no matter how poor the family is, children should finish their education. But to this extent, all things were uncontrollable. What could you do to meet that standard? Was in this kind of hard life, the eldest daughter somehow grew up. Her meal money every day originally was very little. She would rather be hungry than spend the money. She saved them until the evening after school to buy a small sausage for her little brother who was in urgent need of nutrition; To share her mother's pressure, she decided to enroll in a vocational school so that she could start work early and earn money. At seventeen years old, she was the age of playing and making up. Other girls would gather in small supermarkets after school to buy all kinds of favorite snacks and choose interesting and beautiful trinkets. However, Wei Shuli's eldest daughter always came home immediately after school because she had to help her two younger sisters with their homework, wash the family's clothes, and help her mother cook. And the twin sisters also appeared to be a lot more sensible than the children of their same age. They never asked their parents to buy snacks. When eating at home, they would say they do not like eating meat. They wanted to give that little bit of meat to their injured father; Even the youngest brother in the family would quickly turn his head away when watching other children eating snacks outside, though the saliva in his mouth was apparently about to come out.<br /> <br /> ====胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi====<br /> <br /> 魏淑利告诉我：“那时候我们两口子整天都在绝望中，也就是不能死，不能让四个孩子没有爹娘，于是靠着这个想法一天天支撑着活着。要不是脱贫攻坚的各项政策来了，我们还不知道会过成什么样。<br /> 村里来人了，乡里也来人了，第一书记来了，扶贫办的领导也来了。每一个人都不是来嘘寒问暖的，他们实实在在，把我们家的困难问题一项一项厘清分类，与国家的扶贫政策逐一对接起来。你看看，顶数我们家享受的国家政策多了——健康扶贫，建档立卡的贫困户，有医保，还有大病兜底，有钱治病，孩子他爸爸的伤也治好了，孩子们有点毛病，也不用去赊账借钱了，我的身体也到旗医院和市医院治过了，你看这不也能每天开着电动车出去照看大棚、学技术了；现在孩子上学学费全免，还有好几项补助，也不用一到开学的日子，就害怕看孩子们伸出小手要钱了。对了，是异地搬迁的好政策， 把我们一家从连阴天里送到了温暖的日头地儿里来了——2018年，我们做梦都不敢想的事情真的发生了，我们自己仅掏了一万块钱，就得到了九十五平米的易地搬迁楼房，你看，有不断流儿的上下水，有比火墙子还热乎的暖气，还安装上了网络，孩子们学习，我求个医问个药什么的，连门都不用出。俺家那口子伤养好了，又出去到北京打工修地铁去了。搬家的时候，我给他打电话说新房子钥匙到手了，他说你别逗了，真的就要一万块？我说那绝对是真的不是假的，这么大事我能逗你吗。他说，这么快啊，我说，你瞧好吧，不等你回来，我和咱丫头，今个儿就开始搬家，让你过年回来住新房。<br /> <br /> Wei Shuli told me, “We were living in despair at that time, but we couldn’t commit suicide and let our four children be orphans.”,“Then we lived on this faith day by day. If it were not for the various policies to fight poverty, we would not know what our life would be like.” The First Secretary and the leaders of the Poverty Alleviation Office came to the village. Each of them didn’t talk empty words. They sorted out the difficulties in our family one by one and connected them with the national poverty alleviation policies. We benefited from national policies most---health poverty alleviation, registered poverty-stricken households, medical insurance, and basic insurance for major diseases. With money to cure the disease, my husband's injury has been cured and we had no need to borrow the money to treat children’s illnesses. I went to the hospital in the banner hospital and the city hospital as well. Now, I can drive an electric car to look after the greenhouse and learn skills every day; Children are free of school fees, and there are several subsidies. We don't have to be afraid to be asked for money when school starts. The policy of relocation from other places has brought our family from overcast days to warm days. In 2018, something we couldn't dream of happened. We paid only 10,000 yuan and got a 95 square meters relocation house which is equipped with running water, central heating---hotter than the hot wall and network. Children can learn on the Internet and I can even ask doctors for medicine without leaving my home. After my husband healed, he went out to Beijing to work on the subway. When we moved, I told him on the phone that I had the key to the new house. He said, “Don't tease me. It only needs 10000 yuan?” I said, “It was true. How could I tease you about such a big event?”He said, “It's too fast.”I said, “Our daughter and I will start moving recently and you will live in the new house when you come back for this Spring Festival.”<br /> <br /> Wei Shuli told me, “All day we were living in despair at that time, but we couldn’t commit suicide and let our four children be orphans. Then we lived on this faith day by day. If there were not various policies for us to fight poverty, we would not know what our life would be.” The First Secretary and the leaders of the Poverty Alleviation Office, my villages and counties came to my home. Each of them didn’t talk empty words. They sorted out the difficulties in my family one by one and connected them with the national poverty alleviation policies. We benefited from national policies most---health poverty alleviation, registered poverty-stricken households, medical insurance, and basic insurance for severe diseases. With money to cure the disease, my husband's injury has been cured and we didn’t need to borrow the money to treat children’s illnesses. I went to the banner hospital and the city hospital as well. Now, I can drive my electric car to look after the greenhouse and learn skills every day;Schools fees of children are reduced, and there are several subsidies. We don't have to be afraid to be asked for money when school starts. The policy of relocation has brought our family from depressive days to warm days. In 2018, something we never dreamed just happened. We paid only 10,000 yuan and got a 95 square meters relocation house which is equipped with water, heating---hotter than the hot wall, and network. Children can learn on the Internet and I can even see doctors without leaving home. After my husband healed, he went out to Beijing to work for the subway. When we moved, I told him on the phone that I got the key to the new house. He said, “Don't tease me. It only costs 10,000 yuan?” I said, “It iss true. How could I tease you about such a big event?”He said, “It's too fast.”I said, “Our daughters, sons and I will start moving recently and you will live in the new house when you come back for this Spring Festival.”<br /> <br /> ====黄舒威 Huang Shuwei====<br /> <br /> 俺们那口子回来的时候，那激动的心情简直没法儿形容。他上了楼，推开门，就站到原地不动了。他不敢进门，以为进入了别人的家。摸摸墙，墙又光滑又白净，摸摸暖气，热乎乎的，把潮湿的围巾往上一搭，不一会就干了，厨房里，不仅有了自来水，还有了净水器和煤气炉，三个丫头也有了一个单独的房间，室内有了洗澡洗头地方，有了带抽水马桶的卫生间，十分方便。我家那口子乐得两个眼睛眯成了一条线，他把日夜想念的小子丫头们往胸前一搂，用满是胡子的脸蹭着他们的笑脸，眼泪立马就流出来了。他说：“你们都好好地给我长，长大了，也做一个能帮助穷人的人。”<br /> <br /> When my husband came back, his excitement was beyond description. He went upstairs, opened the door, and stood still. Thinking that he had entered the room of someone else, he dared not enter it. He touched the wall, which is smooth and white and then the heating which is warm and can dry the wet scarf for a while. In the kitchen, there is not only tap water, but also a water purifier and gas stove. His three girls also have a separate room. There is a place for bathing and washing the heads, and a toilet with a water closet indoor, which is very convenient. My husband was so happy that his eyes narrowed into a line. He hugged his sons and daughters he missed day and night to his chest. And he rubbed their smiling faces with his bearded face with his tears flowing out immediately. &quot;When you grow up, you should become the ones who can help the poor”, he said.<br /> <br /> When my husband came back, his excitement was beyond description. He stood still after going upstairs and opening the door. He dared not to come in as he thought that he had entered into other’ s house. He touched the wall, which is smooth and white and then the heating which is so warm that the wet scarf can be dried on it only for a while. In the kitchen, there is not only tap water, but also a water purifier and a gas stove. His three girls have their own room. There is a specific place for them to take shower and wash heads, and a toilet with a water closet indoor, which is very convenient. My husband was so happy that his eyes narrowed into lines. He hugged his sons and daughters he missed day and night to his chest, rubbing their smiling faces with his bearded face and bursting into tears immediately. “When you grow up, you should become the ones who can help the poor”, he said to them.<br /> <br /> “转过年，政府号召我们贫困户参与到设施农业中去，这样我们家这种贫困户，就会有造血功能和发展的后劲。我就申请了两个阳光温室，开始种植蔬菜，发展后续产业。”<br /> 一个女人，带着四个孩子，种植两个大棚的蔬菜，家里外头，她一天得有多少活儿要做啊，她的两只手能忙过来吗？<br /> <br /> She said,“In the next year, the government called on the poor families to participate in facility agriculture, so that the poor families like us would have the energy for development. I applied for using two sunlight greenhouses to plant vegetables and develop follow-up industries&quot;. A woman, with four children, grew vegetables in two greenhouses. How much work did she have to do in a day? It wasn’t busy? <br /> <br /> “In the next year, the government called on us poor households to participate in the facility agriculture project, so that the poor families like us would gain energy for development. Then I applied for using two sunlight greenhouses to plant vegetables and develop follow-up industries&quot;. Wei said. A woman, taking care of four children, planted vegetables in two greenhouses at the same time. How much work did she have to do in a day? Could she handle with them by herself?<br /> <br /> 单说料理这两个大棚的西红柿吧，一年种两季，二月保护地育苗，四月下旬定植，六月中、下旬进入采收期，第二季七月份育苗，八月定植，十月开始采收。从第一天种下种籽开始，一直到摘果包装进入市场，蓄水保墒、搭架绑蔓，整枝打杈、通风透光、防治病虫害、温度调节掌控，其中的工序细节，那是一个接一个，一环扣一环，要求管理者像个育婴师一样，从白天呵护着秧苗到黑天，把黑天也当做白天一样使唤，一刻也不能粗心大意，一刻也不能拖拖拉拉。<br /> <br /> Let's just talk about the tomatoes in these two greenhouses. They are planted twice a year. Their seedlings are raised in the protected area in February, and planted in late April. The harvest period begins in the middle and late June. In the second season, they are raised in July, planted in August, and harvested in October. From the first day of planting seeds to the day when fruit picking and packaging entered the market, water storage and moisture conservation, erecting and binding vines, pruning, ventilation, pest control, temperature regulation and control, the process details are one by one, one by one. Farmers are required to protect seedlings from the day to the dark like a nursery teacher. Shouldn’t be careless and procrastinate at any moment.<br /> <br /> Let's just talk about the tomatoes in these two greenhouses, which grow twice in a year. In the first period, their seedlings are cultivated in the protected land in February, and planted in late April. The harvest time begins in the middle or late June. In the second period, tomatoes are cultivated in July, planted in August, and harvested in October. From the first day of seeding to the day when tomatoes entered the market after being picked and packaged, the procedures of this process followed one by one, such as water storage and moisture conservation, erecting and binding vines, pruning, ventilation, pest control, temperature regulation and control. That requires farmers to take care of those seedlings from day to night and even work at night, like nursery teachers who couldn’t be careless and procrastinate at any moment.<br /> <br /> ====姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====<br /> <br /> 魏淑利属于初学乍练，第一年，她每天追着农业技术指导员问，下载APP小龙人学，每天早上四点钟就骑着三轮摩托来到大棚开始干活儿。她要适时开启滴灌，不停地调整大棚的通风程度，还要根据西红柿植株生长情况，追肥调温，保花保果。棚里的秧苗和果实，可以说是魏淑利一分一秒盯着长起来的，只有她能看得出来，她回家吃一顿饭的功夫，那青里透红的小柿子果，又有了哪些变化。<br /> <br /> Wei Shuli has never planted tomatoes before. In the first year, she asked the agricultural technology instructor many questions about planting everyday and uploaded the Xiaolongren app. She rode her tri-cycle to the greenhouses at 4 o’clock every morning to start working. She needed to open drip irrigation at the suitable time, adjusted the ventilation degree continually, and applied fertilizers and control temperature according to the growing condition of tomatoes to protect flowers and fruits. It was Wei who saw the seedlings and fruits in the greenhouses grew up. Therefore, only she can figure out what differences has made in the little green tomatoes with red tint even during the short time for meal.<br /> <br /> Having never planted tomatoes before, Wei Shuli learned from practice. In the first year, she asked the agricultural technology instructor many questions everyday and also learned from the Xiaolongren app. At 4 o’clock every morning, She rode her tri-cycle to the greenhouses to start working. In order to protect flowers and fruits, she needed to open drip irrigation at the suitable time, adjust the ventilation continually, and apply fertilizers and control temperature according to the growing condition of tomatoes. It was Wei who saw the seedlings and fruits in the greenhouses grow up. Therefore, only she could figure out what differences had been made in the little green tomatoes with red tint even during the short time for a meal.<br /> <br /> 直到有一天，她在铺大棚苫帘的时候，从棚顶摔了下来，导致腰间盘受伤，人们才知道魏淑利为了管理这两个大棚付出了多少汗水和泪水。当时，魏淑利一个人，扶着腰，忍痛地在地上爬起来，慢慢地爬上她的小三轮摩托，到药店，买了些筋骨伤痛膏药，贴上，像什么事儿也没有发生那样，回到了大棚。晚上，细心的大女儿发现妈妈身体的异样，魏淑利赶紧嘱咐孩子，可不敢告诉你爸爸，他知道了肯定要回来照顾家，那样工资就没了，不回来，他也会惦记的要命，可不敢再让他分散注意力了。<br /> <br /> One day, she fell down from the ceiling when she was paving the tent tarpaulin, which led to her lumbar disc injury. Until then, people began to know about the efforts Wei has made for managing these two big greenhouses. At that time, Wei held her waist and stood up with pain by herself. She slowly climbed on her little tri-cycle and then rode to the drugstore and bought some muscle and bone pain plasters. She pasted one and came back to the tent, seeming like nothing had happened. In the evening, her attentive daughter discovered Wei's differences, but Wei hurried to ask her not to tell this thing to her father. She said, if he knew this thing, he would come back and lost his wages, or he would be extremely worried about us if he couldn’t come back. So we can not distract him any more. <br /> <br /> One day, she fell down from the ceiling when she was paving the tent tarpaulin, which led to her lumbar disc injury. Until then, people knew about the efforts Wei had made for these two big greenhouses. At that time, Wei held her waist and stood up with pain by herself. She slowly climbed on her little tri-cycle and then rode to the drugstore and bought some muscle and bone pain plasters. She pasted one and came back, seeming like nothing had happened. In the evening, her attentive daughter discovered Wei's differences, but Wei hurried to ask her not to tell it to her father. She said, if he knew this thing, he would come back and lost his wages, or he would be extremely worried about us if he couldn’t come back. So we could not distract him any more.<br /> <br /> 人的成功，往往是在和一个个困难的搏斗中完成的。魏淑利的成功看似很渺小，无非是在生活的重压之下，一年内成功种植了两季西红柿，收入三万五千元，按照国家相关扶贫政策，摘掉了贫困户帽子。其中的艰难，她说得轻描淡写——有老妈帮助我接孩子，不用每天下午四点半放下大棚里的活儿，回来接孩子，不用早上给孩子们做饭，再送他们上学，顾上这头顾不上那头，我专心忙乎大棚，也不算太累。我想着今年要是西红柿行情好，把饥荒还清，明年再加两个棚呢。<br /> <br /> One’s success always follows after the fighting with many difficulties. Wei Shuli’s success seemed like small, which was just successfully planting the tomatoes that can grow in two seasons within one year and earned 35 thousand yuan under the heavy pressure of life. According to the relevant poverty-alleviation policies, she had been lifted out of poverty. But she understated the difficulties in that process. My mother helped me pick up my children, so I didn’t have to stop working at 4:30pm in the greenhouses to pick up them. I also didn’t need to do breakfast for them and then take them to school, so I could focus on planting, which wasn’t too tired. I thought that we could add too more sheds if the tomato market this year is strong so that we can pay off the famine, she said.<br /> <br /> One’s success always follows after struggles with many difficulties. Wei Shuli’s success seemed like small. She had just successfully planted the tomatoes that could grow in two seasons within one year and earned 35 thousand yuan under the heavy pressure of life. According to relevant poverty-alleviation policies, she had taken off the hat of poor households. But she understated the difficulties in that process. she said, “I didn’t have to stop to pick up my children at 4:30pm with my mother’s help. Neither did I need to do breakfast for them and then take them to school. Therefore, I could focus on my greenhouse planting which wasn’t too tiring. I planned that we could add two more sheds if the tomato market this year is in good condition so that we can pay off the debt.”<br /> <br /> ====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====<br /> <br /> 在我的刨根问底的时候，她才想起来，自己在大棚工作的时候，身体对西红柿秧苗过敏，一连几个月，浑身红肿瘙痒，甚至感染结痂……由于春秋两季，一早一晚温度低，露水重，她长时间在湿寒的环境下工作，浑身的关节痛越来越严重，一年中有过两次，不能走路，上不去自己的小三轮电动车。说到这里，她腼腆地一笑，说，要不是您问我，我还真想不起来这些。<br /> 我执意要到魏淑利的家里看看。快中午了，魏淑利的母亲正在厨房做午饭，一盖帘白面蒸饺出锅了，散发出一阵阵香味。孩子们回来了，屋子里顿时沸腾起来，两个双胞胎小姐姐，长得苗条白皙，她们穿着同样鲜艳的冲锋衣，梳着同样两条油亮的发辫，在屋里走来走去，煞是好看，让人分不出来二人哪个是姐姐哪个是妹妹。她们率性自然地嬉笑着，完全看不出和城里的孩子有什么不同，小弟弟见到姐姐，顿时开始疯闹撒娇，我问一个小姐姐，愿意带弟弟玩吗，她眉头一皱说，才不愿意呢。引得我们哈哈大笑。<br /> 魏淑利说，过去我一看孩子就发愁，现在我一想到这些孩子长大以后的情形，从心里往外乐呵。<br /> 魏淑利的老母亲招呼我们在她家一起吃饺子，我们起身告辞。<br /> <br /> In my questioning, she remembered that her body was allergic to tomato seedlings when she was working in the greenhouse. For several months in a row, her body was red, swollen and itchy, and her skin even became scabbed after infection...... Due to the low temperature and heavy dew in the morning and evening in spring and autumn,, her joints were getting worse and worse after working for a long time in a wet and cold environment so that she could not walk twice this year and even she could not get on her small three-wheeled electric car. Speaking of that, Wei smiled coyly and said, &quot;If you hadn't asked me, I wouldn't have remembered this.” I insisted on going to visit Wei Shuli's home. Almost noon, Wei Shuli's mother was cooking lunch in the kitchen. With a plate of white steamed dumplings out of the pot, a burst of fragrance was coming out. Children back, the house suddenly became lively. Two twin sisters, slim and fair, were wearing the same bright punching clothes with two same shiny hair braids. They walked around the house, so beautiful that people could not tell who was elder. They had fun with each other naturally, and no differences could be seen between them and the city children. When younger brother saw his sisters, he began to act like a spoiled brat. I asked a little sister if she would like to take her brother to play, but she frowned and refused. We laughed.<br /> Wei Shuli said, when looking at the children I would get worried, but now I felt heartily happy when thinking of their bright future. <br /> At the moment when Wei's mother invited us to eat dumplings together, we declined and got up to leave.<br /> <br /> <br /> In my questioning, she remembered that her body was allergic to tomato seedlings when she was working in the greenhouse. For several months in a row, her body was swollen and itchy, and her skin even became scabbed after infection...... Due to the low temperature and heavy dew in the morning and evening in spring and autumn, her joints were getting worse and worse after working for a long time in a wet and cold environment. It hurt so bad that for twice this year she could not walk and even could not get on her small three-wheeled electric car. Speaking of that, Wei smiled coyly and said, “If you hadn’t asked me, I wouldn’t have remembered this.” I insisted on going to visit Wei Shuli’s home. It was almost noon; Wei Shuli’s mother was cooking lunch in the kitchen. With a plate of white steamed dumplings out of the pot, a burst of fragrance was coming out. Children back, the house suddenly became lively. Two twin sisters, slim and fair, were wearing the same bright punching clothes with two same shiny hair braids. They walked around the house, so beautiful and alike that people could not tell the difference. <br /> They had fun with each other naturally, and no differences could be seen between them and the children in the city. When younger brother saw his sisters, he began to act like a spoiled brat. I asked one of the sisters if she would like to play with her little brother, but she frowned and said, “No way!” which made us all laughed.<br /> Wei Shuli said, “I used to worry about my children when looking at them, but now I feel heartily happy thinking about their bright future.”<br /> When Wei’s mother invited us to eat dumplings together with them, we declined and got up to leave.<br /> <br /> ====李鸿 Li Hong====<br /> <br /> 魏淑利把我们送到楼下，自己也启动了电动车，她还要去大棚，接着给西红柿沾花，沾花是当地的说法，我想好像就是人工授粉。我说，那你怎么不吃完饭去，她告诉我，这点活儿需要趁着上午的气温赶紧干，不然下午一降温就做不成了。<br /> 魏淑利骑着三轮电动车的身影渐渐远去了，我知道她会离自己的梦想越来越近的。<br /> <br /> Wei Shuli sent us downstairs and started her electric tricycle. She said she had to go to the greenhouse and then “Zhanhua” for the tomatoes. It was a local saying, which I believe, meant artificial pollination. I asked, “Why not do it after having lunch?” She told me that “Zhanhua” needed to be done quickly in the morning while the temperature was still high; otherwise, it will not be done as soon as the afternoon cools down. Wei Shuli’s figure riding her electric tricycle gradually disappeared, and I knew that she would get closer and closer to her dream. <br /> <br /> Wei Shuli sent us downstairs and started her electric tricycle. She said she had to go to the greenhouse and then “Zhanhua” for the tomatoes. It was a local saying, which I believe, meant artificial pollination. I asked, “Why not do it after lunch?” She told me that “Zhanhua” needed to be done quickly in the morning while the temperature was still high; otherwise, it cannot be done as soon when it cools down in the afternoon. Watching Wei Shuli riding her electric tricycle away, I recognized that she would get closer and closer to her dream. <br /> <br /> 适时采果。西红柿成熟有绿熟、变色、成熟、完熟4个时期。贮存保鲜可在绿熟期采收。运输出售可在变色期（果实的1/3变红）采摘。就地出售或自食应在成熟期即果实1/3以上变红时采摘。采收时应轻摘轻放，摘时最好不带果蒂，以防装运中果实相互被刺伤。初霜前，如还有没熟的青果，应采下后贮藏在温室内，待果实变熟后再上市，这样既延长了供应期，又增加了经济效益。<br /> <br /> Fruit picking should be at the right time. <br /> There are four periods of tomato ripening: Green, Turning, Light Red and Red. The time of harvesting varies depending on the purpose. If it is for storage and preservation, it should be picked in the Green stage. Transporting for sale should be picked in the Turning stage (30% of the surface shows red in color). Selling on the spot or for the owners themselves, should be picked at the Light Red stage (more than 30% of the surface shows red in color). Besides, tomatoes should be picked and placed gently with the stalks removed, which could prevent them from being stabbed by each other in shipment. If there are still unripe green fruits before the First Frost, they should be picked and stored in the greenhouse, and then goes to the market after the fruits turn red. In this way, not only the supply period could be prolonged, but also increases economic benefits.<br /> <br /> Fruit picking should be at the right time. There are four periods of tomato ripening: Green, Turning, Light Red and Red. The time of harvesting varies depending on the purpose. If it is for storage and preservation, it should be picked in the Green stage. Transporting for sale should be picked in the Turning stage (30% of the surface shows red in color). Selling on the spot or for the owners themselves, should be picked at the Light Red stage (more than 30% of the surface shows red in color). Besides, tomatoes should be picked and placed gently with the stalks removed, which could prevent them from being stabbed by each other in shipment. If there are still unripe green fruits before the First Frost, they should be picked and stored in the greenhouse, and then goes to the market after the fruits turn red. In this way, not only the supply period can be prolonged, but also increases economic benefits.<br /> <br /> 冬暖大棚西红柿种植管理技术<br /> 暖大棚西红柿的管理包括温度管理、光照管理、肥水管理、植株调整等，要采取分阶段管理的方法，根据不同阶段、不同的天气条件和植株生长特点，来采取不同的管理措施，管理要点不一样。<br /> 在魏淑利的嘴里，这些辛苦劳累都不算什么——有我老妈帮着接孩子，也还行。<br /> <br /> Tomato planting management techniques in warm greenhouse in winter<br /> Warm greenhouse management includes temperature, light, fertilizer, water, plant adjustment, etc. Since growing phrases, weather condition, and plant growth characteristics varies from time to time, different management method should be used. In Wei Shuli's perspective, all this toil is bearable, “It’s ok since my mom would help me pick up the children.”<br /> <br /> Tomato planting management techniques in warm greenhouse in winter<br /> Warm greenhouse management includes temperature, light, fertilizer and water management, plant adjustment, etc. Considering growing phrases, weather condition, and plant growth characteristics varying from time to time, different management method should be applied. In Wei Shuli's perspective, all the hardship is bearable, “It’s still ok as my mom would help me pick up the children.”<br /> <br /> ====李佳珺 Li Jiajun ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 我知道你这是为谁<br /> <br /> I know who you are working for<br /> <br /> I know who you are working for<br /> <br /> 赤峰有两个很有知名度的村党支部书记。一个是林西县的刘振林，一个是翁牛特旗的潘向学。在林西见过了刘振林，到翁牛特旗，必须见见潘向学。<br /> <br /> Chifeng had two well-known village party branch secretaries. One is Liu Zhenlin from Panxi County, and the other one is Pan Xiangxue from Ongniud Qi(Qi, one of the administrative divisions of China, is a special county-level administrative region of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region). We had already met Liu Zhenlin in Linxi, since we had arrived at Ongniud Qi, we had to meet Pan Xiangxue.<br /> <br /> Chifeng had two well-known village party branch secretaries. One is Liu Zhenlin from Linxi County, and the other one is Pan Xiangxue from Ongniud Banner(Banner, one of the administrative divisions of China, is a special county-level administrative region of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region). We had already met Liu Zhenlin in Linxi, since we had arrived at Ongniud Banner, we had to meet Pan Xiangxue.<br /> <br /> 潘向学所在的五分地镇东他拉村，距离旗政府所在的乌丹镇大约五十多公里。从这个村子的名字上，可以回溯出这里从前的地理状况。他拉是蒙语，甸子的意思。在东他拉的北侧还有东北他拉村，正北他拉村，那一定是农耕进入草原的过程，汉族人口口相传留下的名字。一路上，我细细观察，发现这一带的确开阔平坦，从高速公里两侧的土质和植被，隐隐地能看出些许科尔沁沙地的禀赋，而今一路耕地万顷，设施农业的大棚连绵不断。农耕文明在这片古老的草原上扎根已久，生机勃勃。<br /> 在不到一小时的车程中，我一直在听杨明霞讲潘向学和东他拉的故事。杨明霞是赤峰市扶贫办政策法规科负责人，走遍了赤峰九万余平方公里的每一个旗县，包括那里的大部分村镇，说起全市脱贫攻坚战线的人和事，总是满怀深情，如数家珍。<br /> <br /> Wufengdi Town East Tala Village, where Pan Xiangxue lived in, was located at about 50 miles away from Qi government in Wudan Village. From the name of this village, we could trace back to its former geographical condition. Tala is Mongolian, which means grassy marshland. On the north side of East Tala Village are Northeast Tala Village and North Tala Village. It must have been the process of farming into grassland, and Han people passed the name by word of mouth. On the way, I carefully observed that this area was really broad and flat. From the soil texture and vegetation of two sides of the highway, we could implicitly see the nature of Horqin sandy, but for now all along the road was farmland and greenhouses for facility agriculture. Agriculture civilization has been rooted in this ancient meadow for so long.<br /> Within in one hour driving, I had been listening to Yang Mingxia telling stories about Pan Xiangxue and East Tala Village. Yang Mingxia was the person in charge of the policy and regulations section of Chifeng Poverty Alleviation Office. She had traveled to every Qi of more than 90,000 square kilometers in Chifeng, including most of the villages and towns there. Speaking of the people and things in the battle front of poverty alleviation in the city, she was always full of deep feeling and really familiar with all the stuff.<br /> <br /> Dongtala Village, Wufendi Town, where Pan Xiangxue lived in, was located at about 50 miles away from Banner government in Wudan Town. From the name of this village, we could trace back to its former geographical condition. Tala is Mongolian, which means grazing meadow. On the north side of Dongtala Village are Northeast Tala Village and North Tala Village. It must have been the process of farming into grassland, and Han people passed the name by word of mouth. On the way, I carefully observed that this area was really broad and flat. From the soil texture and vegetation of two sides of the highway, we could implicitly see the nature of Horqin Sandy Land, and for now all along the road was farmland and greenhouses for facility agriculture. Agriculture civilization has been rooted in this ancient meadow for so long. Within in one hour driving, I had been listening to Yang Mingxia telling stories about Pan Xiangxue and Dongtala Village. Yang Mingxia was the head of Policy and Regulations Section of Chifeng Poverty Alleviation Office. She had traveled to every Banner of more than 90,000 square kilometers in Chifeng, including most of the villages and towns there. Speaking of the people and things in the battle front of poverty alleviation in the city, she was always full of deep feeling and really familiar with all the stuff.<br /> <br /> ====李可依 Li Keyi====<br /> <br /> 东他拉村是五分地镇所辖的村庄里面积最大、人口最多的一个村，人口超过三千，面积有五十三平方公里。赤峰的耕地，分旱地和水浇地。一般水浇地多一些的地方，相对好生活一些。东他拉村有一条不大的河流，有一个游牧民族留下的名字，叫板石吐河。许多年以来，这条河一直和东他拉农人的小康之梦紧紧缠绕在一起。<br /> <br /> Dongtala Village is the largest and most populous of the villages under the jurisdiction of Wufendi Town, with a population of over three thousand and an area of fifty-three square kilometers. The arable land in Chifeng is divided into dry land and irrigated land. Generally speaking, places with more irrigated land are relatively better to live on. Dongtala Village has a modest river with a name left by nomadic people, called Banshitu River. For many years, this river has been closely entwined with the dream of wellbeing of the farmers in Dongtala. <br /> <br /> Dongtala Village is the largest and most populous of the villages under the jurisdiction of Wufendi Town, with a population of over three thousand and an area of fifty-three square kilometers. The arable land in Chifeng is divided into nonirrigated farmland and irrigation farmland. Generally speaking, places with more irrigated land are relatively better to live on. Dongtala Village has a modest river with a name left by nomadic people, called Banshitu River. For many years, this river has been closely entwined with the dream of wellbeing of the farmers in Dongtala. <br /> <br /> 二十年前，潘向学作为一个新上任的、年富力强的村书记，发动几百人的村民大会战，从板石吐河中开出一条通渠，引水进村，一下子使全村增加了七百多亩水浇地，东他拉人乐得胡子翘到耳朵上，屁股撅到天上，脑袋扎在泥土里，一垄一畦地侍弄着庄稼。那清格凌凌的水啊，滋润在干涸的土地上，也永远地记忆在老少爷们儿的心里。<br /> <br /> Twenty years ago, as a newly appointed, young and energetic village secretary, Pan Xiangxue mobilized hundreds of villagers to open a channel from the Banshitu River to divert water into the village, which at once increased the village's irrigated land by more than 700 mu. The villagers were so happy that their beards were sticking up to their ears, their asses were pouting to the sky, their heads were stuck in the soil, and they carefully plowed the crops acre by acre. The clear and lingering water nourished on the dry land, and was also forever remembered in the hearts of young and old. <br /> <br /> Twenty years ago, as a newly appointed, young and energetic village secretary, Pan Xiangxue mobilized hundreds of villagers to open a channel from the Banshitu River to divert water into the village, which at once increased the village's irrigated land by more than 700 mu. The villagers were so happy that their beards were sticking up to their ears, their asses were pouting to the sky, their heads were stuck in the soil, and they carefully plowed the crops acre by acre. The clear and flowing water moistened the dry land, and was also forever remembered in the hearts of young and old. <br /> <br /> 时过境迁，而今，板石吐河水已经断流，东他拉人只能打机井浇地，但还是得靠板石吐河，井位必须沿着板石吐河的水脉走，才能打出水来。2013年，东他拉人均收入不到三千元。用现在的脱贫标准来看，不是全村有多少个贫困户的问题，而是整个东他拉，是不是整体贫困村的问题。眼看着板石吐河道的水位一年年下沉，村里的年轻人一波一波往外走，东他拉人的致富梦更加迫切。<br /> <br /> Time has changed, however, nowadays, the water of the Banshitu River has been cut off, and the villagers can only drill machine wells to irrigate their land, but they still have to rely on the Banshitu River, and the well location must follow the water veins of the Banshitu River in order to acquire water. In 2013, the per capita income of Dongtala was less than 3,000 yuan. According to the current criteria for poverty alleviation, it is not just a question of how many poor households there are in the village, but the whole village is plunged into poverty. Seeing the water level of the Banshitu River sink year after year, the village's young people are leaving group by group, and the dream of people in Dongtala to get rich is even more urgent.<br /> <br /> Over time, however, nowadays, the water of the Banshitu River has been cut off, and the villagers can only drill machine wells to irrigate their land, but they still have to rely on the Banshitu River, and the well location must follow the water veins of the Banshitu River in order to fetch water. In 2013, the per capita income of Dongtala was less than 3,000 yuan. According to the current criteria for poverty alleviation, it is not just a question of how many poor households there are in the village, but the whole village is plunged into poverty. Seeing the water level of the Banshitu River drop year after year, the village's young people are leaving in waves, and the dream of people in Dongtala to get rich is even more urgent.<br /> <br /> ====李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====<br /> <br /> 潘向学组织党支部全体成员坐下来讨论，全国农村都在脱贫致富奔小康，我们东他拉该怎么办？因地制宜的项目还是有的，办合作社，养牛，养猪，机械化种玉米杂粮，种草药、种木耳，都是可圈可点的好项目，但是启动这些项目，需要投入资金。大家异口同声地说，大胆点儿，利用金融扶贫政策，鼓励大家贷款，然后盯着家家户户，帮他们请农业技术指导员，帮他们解决随时出现的困难，坚持下去就会踏上致富之路。<br /> 还真是一毛钱难倒英雄汉，越穷，越借不到钱。党支部发现了一个十分普遍的问题，贫困户想贷款，几乎没有富裕户愿意为他们担保。这也不能怪富裕户，贫苦户的状态，在当时看上去，就是一个难以填满的无底洞，有五口人四个大病的人家，有只剩两个六十多岁老人的人家，有好吃懒做每天就想着天上掉馅饼的懒汉，有不走正道惹是生非的二流子，别看他们把胸脯子拍的当当响，说丰收了，一定还钱，富裕户还是直摇头。老潘书记觉得，富裕户的态度可以理解。东他拉没有发横财的人家，富裕户咋成的富裕户，别人不知道，老潘书记心里清楚，那是起早贪黑，靠一颗颗汗珠子生把土坷垃泡软，再把种下的粮食一粒粒攒起来，换来的几个血汗钱和一些家产。手里的这点家当，谁不是夜里枕在梦里，白天挂在心上，你看看他们平日里吃的多清淡，穿的多廉价，就知道，如果真的让他们失去这点血汗钱，就等于要了他们的命。<br /> <br /> <br /> Pan Xiangxue organized all the members of the Party branch to sit down and discuss. All the rural areas across the country are getting rid of poverty and become better off. What should we do? There are still some projects that adapt to local conditions. Running cooperatives, raising cattle, raising pigs, mechanized planting of corn and miscellaneous cereals, planting herbs, and planting agaric are all commendable good projects. But starting these projects requires investment. Everyone said with one voice, be bold, use the financial poverty alleviation policy to encourage everyone to take loans, and then pay attention to every household to help them ask for agricultural technical instructors and help them solve the difficulties that may arise at any time. If you stick to it, you will be on the road to prosperity. It's really hard for a hero to beat a dime. The poorer he is, the less he can borrow. The Party branch found a very common problem: poor households want to borrow money, but few rich households are willing to guarantee for them. This can not be blamed on the rich people. At the time, the status of the poor seemed like a bottomless pit that was hard to fill. There were five people and four people who were seriously ill. There were only two people in their sixties. There were lazy people who dreamt of pennies from the heaven. There were some rascals who always stirred up trouble. Although they promised to pay back the money when the harvest came, the rich households still did not agree. Old Secretary Pan felt that the attitude of rich households was understandable. No one in Dongthala made a fortune, and no one else knew how a rich household became rich. Secretary Pan knew in his heart that it was working from dawn to night with the sweat beads of the loess bubble soft and then saving up the planted grains, in exchange for a few hard-earned money and some family property. Who does not think of their property day and night? You can see how light they eat and how cheap they wear. If they really lose that hard-earned money, it's like killing them.<br /> <br /> Pan Xiangxue organized all the members of the Party branch to sit down and discuss. All the rural areas across the country are getting rid of poverty and becoming better off. What should we do? There are still some projects that adapt to local conditions. Running cooperatives, raising cattle, raising pigs, mechanized planting of corn and miscellaneous cereals, planting herbs, and planting agaric are all commendable good projects. But starting these projects requires investment. Everyone said with one voice, “Be bold, use the financial poverty alleviation policy, encourage everyone to take loans, and then pay attention to every household to help them find agricultural technical instructors and help them solve the difficulties that may arise at any time. If you stick to it, you will be on the road to prosperity. It's really hard for a hero to beat a dime. The poorer he is, the less he can borrow. The Party branch found a very common problem: poor households want to borrow money, but few rich households are willing to guarantee for them. This can not be blamed on the rich people. At the time, the status of the poor seemed like a bottomless pit that was hard to fill. There was a family of five people and among them, four were seriously ill. There was a household of only two people and all in their sixties. There were lazy people who dreamt of pennies from heaven. There were some rascals who always stirred up trouble. Although they promised to pay back the money when the harvest came, the rich households still did not agree. Old Secretary Pan felt that the attitude of rich households was understandable. No one in Dongthala got rich quickly. If no one else knew how a rich household became rich, secretary Pan always knew in his heart that it was working from dawn to night with the sweat beads softening loess and then saving up the harvested grains, in exchange for a few hard-earned money and some family property. Who does not think of their property day and night? You can see how light they eat and how cheap they wear. If they really lose that hard-earned money, it's like killing them.<br /> <br /> ====李心田 Li Xintian ====<br /> <br /> 党支部把全体党员找来了，把村民代表找了来，把村里德高望重的长者找来了，把富裕户代表也找来了——请你们给咱东他拉想个辙，支个招儿，咱们一起努力，让东他拉过上好日子。 集思广益，“三链互助”扶贫模式就这样创造出来了。第一条链叫亲情链。农村里的老户，绕来绕去，家家都是亲戚，亲戚之间，贫富差距不一，党支部就动员富裕户帮助穷亲戚，由富裕户带领贫困亲戚外出打工，或为其贫困户亲戚提供贷款担保、信息技术，帮助他们发展养牛、养羊产业使其脱贫致富。第二条链叫互需链，有的富裕户生产资料充足，信息快，技术高、信誉好，其产业有良好基础，就是缺少劳动力，缺少耕地、草场等资源，正好和缺乏资金、信息、技术但有富余劳动力、耕地、草场等资源的贫困户结对，形成互补的平等帮扶。第三个叫责任链，对在村里没有富裕亲戚，又没有劳动力和生产资料的贫困户，由村干部和党员兜底，履行扶贫责任和义务，因人施策，对他们进行帮扶 。<br /> The Party branch brought all the Party members, villagers’ representatives, venerable elders of the village, and rich family representatives together, hoping they could think of a way to make the people in Dongtala village live well. Through brainstorming, a poverty alleviation mode of “three chains mutual aid” was created. The first chain was called the kinship chain. The long-term residents of the village were all relatives in some way. Among them, some were rich and others were poor. Thus, the Party branch motivated the rich to help their poor relatives by taking them to work outside or providing loan guarantees and information technology for them so that they could develop the cattle and sheep-raising industry and become rich. The second was the mutual need chain. Some rich families had sufficient means of production, fast information, high technology, and a good reputation, laying them a good industry foundation. However, they lacked labor forces and resources like arable land and grassland. Such families matched perfectly with the poor families that lacked capital, information, and technology but were rich in resources of labor forces, arable land, and grassland, forming complementary and equal assistance. The third was named the responsibility chain. To the poor families without any rich relatives, labor forces, or means of production, village carders and party members would shoulder the responsibility and help them get rid of poverty according to their situations.<br /> <br /> Correction: The Party branch brought all the Party members, villagers' representatives, venerable elders of the village, and rich family representatives together, hoping they could come up with a way to make the people in Dongtala village live well. Through brainstorming, a poverty alleviation mode of “three chains mutual aid”was created. The first chain was called the kinship chain. The long-term residents of the village were all relatives in some way. Among them, some were rich and others were poor. Thus, the Party branch motivated the rich to help their poor relatives by taking them to work outside or providing loan guarantees and information technology for them so that they could develop the cattle and sheep-raising industry and become rich. The second was the mutual need chain. Some rich families had sufficient means of production, fast information, high technology, and a good reputation, laying them a good industry foundation. However, they lacked labor forces and resources like arable land and grassland. Such families matched perfectly with the poor families that lacked capital, information, and technology but were rich in resources of labor forces, arable land, and grassland, thus forming complementary and equal assistance. The third was named the responsibility chain. To the poor families without any rich relatives, labor forces, or means of production, village carders and party members would shoulder the responsibility and help them get rid of poverty according to their situations.<br /> <br /> ====李彦 Li Yan ====<br /> <br /> 万事开头难。三链互助一经推开，受到大部分村民的欢迎，不过，并非所有人都愿意投入其中。阻力来不仅来自于一些富裕户，还来自于一些贫困户。富裕户这样说，我帮他，那不就是给他们扛活吗？帮好了没我啥事儿，帮不好还要受埋怨；贫困户中有的人说：“我用得着他帮吗，我不会种地，还不会养个牲畜，给点饲料就长的东西，我非拿到他家干啥？”<br /> 老潘又一次召开村两委会议，他说咱们这头一脚若是踢不出去，往后的工作就不好推进了。于是大家开始分头做工作，劝说不愿意加入亲情链和互需链的村民赶紧行动起来。<br /> 干部们出发了，进一家，出一家，终于把问题解决得差不多了。这时出状况了。富裕户郭守生成了老大难，无论怎么说，就是不同意带贫困户。他说亲戚远来香，邻居隔大墙，往一起凑付没好事儿。别的就没话了，干部们再来，他连头都不抬一下，忙乎着给牛添草饮水，脸上冷冰冰地，像啥都没看见似的。<br /> <br /> Everything is difficult at the begining. Once the three-chain mutual aid was launched, it was welcomed by most villagers, but not everyone was willing to pitch in. The resistance comes not only from some rich households, but also from some poor households. The rich man said: “ if I help him, it means that I have to carry work for them. If you do a good job, I have nothing to deal with, but if you don’t give a good perfomance, you will be complained; Some people in poor households said: &quot;I don’t need his help. Even though I can't farm, I can raise a livestock, just giving some feed, so what do I have to take it to his house?,&quot; Lao Pan once again held a meeting of the two village committees, and he said that if we couldn't kick out this first kick, it would be difficult to advance the future work. So everyone began to work separately, persuading villagers who did not want to join the chain of family affection and mutual demand to hurry up. The cadres set out, entered one house, left the house one after another, and finally solved the problem more or less. Then, something went wrong. Guo Shou, who came from wealthy households, was an impediment to the proposal for no matter how many times he was persuaded, he just didn't agree to help poor households. He said he welcomed relatives came from afar, but alienated from neighbors due to the lack of ties of kindred, and it was not a good thing to mix them together. He said no more words, and when the cadres came again, he did not even raise his head, busily adding grass and drinking water to the cattle, and he looked indifferently, as if he had not seen anything.<br /> <br /> ====李梓玉 Li Ziyu====<br /> <br /> 村里给郭守生安排的亲情链上有两家贫困户，一家是他的叔丈人，就是他妻子的叔叔，一家是他的堂兄弟。<br /> <br /> The village committee assigned two poor families to Guo Shousheng's &quot;Kinship Tie&quot;: the family of his uncle-in-law, i. e. his wife's uncle, and the family of a cousin of his. '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 郭守生平常爱动脑子，勤快认干，做什么事情有头有尾，他养的几十头牛，毛皮锃亮，腰圆腿粗，母牛倒日子就揣犊子，公牛肥肥的每次都能买上好价钱。<br /> <br /> Guo Shousheng is diligent man who always uses his head and never walk out on his work. He raises dozens of cattle with shiny fur and strong body, of which the females get pregnant with calves regularly and the males grow healthily, and all these cattle are often sold at a good price. '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 对那些过日子不着调，没事儿扔下活计就出去打对调（扑克）、扯闲篇逗闷子的人，他是死活看不上的。他的叔丈人身体有病不假，但是也有干活不着调的毛病，表兄弟呢，身后有拉了好多年的饥荒，看着也是一时半会也翻不了身。<br /> <br /> Guo Shousheng greatly despised those who spend all day doing nothing but going out to play poker and gossip and completely disregarding their work. It is true that his wife's uncle was sick, but he also suffered from idleness; his cousin had been in debt for many years, and the life of him seemed unlikely to be changed in a short time. '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 村干部灰心丧气地回来了，跟潘书记汇报说，看来铁嘴钢牙也说不动这个郭守生了，不行拉倒吧，别劝他了。潘书记一听，有点上火，他说这是退一步地阔天宽的事儿吗？不是，好多富裕户好像都在看着郭守生，其实是在看着党支部，党支部做不通郭守生的工作，要是他不带贫困户，别人就有话说了。<br /> <br /> The village manager returned to the village committee in despair and reported to Secretary Pan: it seemed that Guo Shousheng would not accept the task no matter how hard we tried to persuade him. If he insisted on rejecting, let's just forget it. Secretary Pan got a bit angry at what he said and said: Is this something on which we can make concessions? No! Many well-off families seem to be watching what will Guo Shousheng do, but they are actually focusing on the attitude of our Party Branch; if we can't persuade Guo Shousheng to accept his task, and if he doesn't help the poor families, others will also have their reasons to reject us. '''(Li Ziyu)''' <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 老潘来到郭守生家。第一次，郭守生不在，他就把自己的意思告诉了郭守生媳妇。让郭守生给他回个电话。等了一天，郭守生也没有回话，一向沉得住气的老潘，又去一趟。<br /> <br /> Then Secretary Pan paid a visit to Guo Shousheng's house. The first time, Guo was not at home, so he told Guo's wife what he thought and asked her to remind Guo to call him back. However, Guo did not call back after a whole day, so Secretary Pan, who had always been calm, went to Guo's house again. '''(Li Ziyu)''' <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 郭守生对老潘是很尊敬的，他看见老潘进门，忙放下手里的饲草叉子，洗了手，让老潘屋里坐，喊媳妇赶紧沏茶。老潘说，别介，我看看那你的牛。<br /> <br /> Guo Shousheng respected Secretary Pan very much. When he saw him enter, he quickly put down the fork and washed his hands. He invited Secretary Pan to sit in his house, and then asked his wife to make some tea for him. Secretary Pan said: No thanks! Could you show me your cattle? '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> ====梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====<br /> <br /> 牛圈里打扫得干干爽爽，地上没有一摊牛粪。母牛牛角油亮，小公牛和小牛犊毛皮像缎子似的发光。老潘不由夸郭守生说，守生啊，你可真是个好把式。<br /> 郭守生嘿嘿地笑着，说对付事儿吧。<br /> 老潘说，你这小公牛到入冬大概卖多少钱？<br /> 郭守生说，潘书记，你心里明镜似的，还问我。<br /> 老潘说那小牛犊呢？<br /> 郭守生不好意思了不说了，他说，大的一万出头，小的五六千吧。<br /> 老潘说，那你不用说从前几年卖的，就这眼下的一圈牛，就够你吃个五年六年的吧。<br /> 郭守生还是嘿嘿笑。<br /> 老潘说我问你，亲戚朋友，左邻右舍，家里有个逢难遭灾，站到你家牛圈跟前哭个穷，你好意思让人家空手回去吗？你的活思想我猜，是担心带贫困户跳到坑里去？<br /> 告诉你，现在的扶贫政策，一个接一个，都是实实惠惠的，人家贫困户带着牛来入股，不会让你吃亏，中间遇到啥事儿，还有村里帮你呢。<br /> 郭守生说，潘书记，您昨天来，我媳妇跟我说了，我想了一宿，半明白，您这又来了，我便全明白了。您这是为了谁呀，还不是和2000年修大渠一样，为的是全村人吗。 <br /> 郭守生对老书记那是一百个响头都舍得绝对服气。2000年修大渠的事，深深记在他的心里。<br /> <br /> The cow ring was dry and clean, and there was no cow dung left. The cow's horns are greasy, and the fur of little bull and calf glow like satin. Secretary Pan can't help but praise Guo Shousheng and said, “You are a good handle.” <br /> Guo Shousheng laughed and said it was no big deal. Secretary Pan asked him, how much does your little bull sell in winter? Guo Shousheng answered you don’t know.<br /> Pan asked again what about the calf? Guo Shousheng is embarrassed to say those big ones are about ten thousand, small ones five or six thousand. Pan said, “those left cows can support five or six years of your life, let alone those you already sold years ago.”<br /> Guo Shousheng laughed again. <br /> Pan said, “I have to ask you that when your relatives, friends, and neighbors are having a disaster at home, standing in front of your bull ring and crying for help, will you help them? <br /> “I guess you are worried about the policy will lead the poor to a bad future. But actually, today's poverty alleviation policies, one after the other, are truly beneficial. Poor households with cattle in their shares will not make you lose anything. Guo Shousheng said, “My wife told me you came yesterday. I thought for a night and seemly got it. Then you are here again and I get it all. You are here for the whole village as in 2000 when repairing the canal. He absolutely trusts the secretary. It was in his heart that the Great Canal was repaired in 2000.<br /> <br /> <br /> Correction：<br /> <br /> The cattle pen was dry and clean with no dung left. The cows’ horns were oily, and the fur of little bull and calf glow looked like satin. Secretary Pan can't help but praise Guo Shousheng and said, “You are really good at it.” Guo Shousheng laughed and said it was no big deal. Secretary Pan asked him, how much does your little bull sell in winter? Guo answered, “you asked it deliberately.” Pan asked, “What about the calf?” Guo Shousheng was embarrassed to say those big ones are worth about ten thousand yuan, small ones five or six thousand yuan. Pan said, “those left cows can support five or six years of your life, let alone those you already sold years ago.” Guo laughed again. Pan said, “I have to ask you that if your relatives, friends, or neighbors are plagued by a disaster, who stand in front of your cattle pen and cry for help, will you help them? I guess you are worried that the policy will lead the poor to a bad future. But actually, today's poverty alleviation policies, one after the other, are truly beneficial. Poor households with cattle who want to have a stake in will not make you lose anything. Even if you meet difficulties in the process, our village will help you.” Guo said, “My wife told me you came yesterday. I have thought for a whole night and seemly got it. Then you are here again and I get it all. You are here for the whole village like in 2000 when you built a canal.” He absolutely trusted the secretary. It was borne in his mind that the canal was built in 2000.<br /> <br /> ====廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====<br /> <br /> 那时候潘向学还是没有被大家称为老书记，四十不到，刚刚被选为村支书。他自幼在东他拉长大，从二十多岁就当村干部，琢磨着怎样让东他拉富起来，琢磨二十来年了。那时候农村种地就是靠天吃饭，不下雨，干旱，说绝收就绝收，说减产就减产，农民累吐血，老天不给面子，那才是叫人伸着两手干瞪眼呢。 耳朵听着板石吐河，从早到晚哗啦啦地从村北面流过去，东他拉人正是眼泪汪汪干着急。<br /> 潘向学决定拼一把。他请来了水利部门进行了勘察设计，要修筑一条渠，把板石吐河的水引出来一股，送到东他拉的旱地里，让旱地变成祖祖辈辈盼望的水浇地，有了水浇地，东他拉就可以旱涝保收，不愁饿肚子了。结果却让全村老少大失所望。为什么呢？因为板石吐河道和东他拉的耕地间，有一个低洼地，把水引出来不难，可是水流到低洼地里，再爬上来进入旱田可就难了。只能把低洼地垫高，在上面修渠！专项资金不够，省着用，劳力不够，潘向学在村里召开了动员大会，第二天施工现场就来了五六百人，男男女女，老老少少，都来了，连平常不出院子的白发老太婆也蒸了玉米饼子，一步一打颤地来了，放假在家的学生们也跟着父母来了。一片彩旗，扎在山沟里，大喇叭里的回响着《我的祖国》《我们走在大路上》的歌声，间或还有妇女委员宣读表扬稿的清脆声音，气氛好不热烈。是啊，为了即将到来的好日子而劳动，谁能不兴高采烈，谁能不斗志昂扬呢！<br /> <br /> At that time, Pan Xiangxue wasn’t still addressed as the Old Secretary, because he was under 40 and was selected as the village secretary. He grew up in the Dongtala Village when he was a kid, and became a village official when he was over 20. For 20-plus years, he had been contemplating how to create wealth for his village. At that time, the crop in rural areas depended on weather. If it was not raining, leading to dry land, farmers would receive reduced yields or nothing, even though they were exhausted for their work. In other words, bad weather can pose a grave threat to farmers. Hearing that Banshitu River rushed from northern village to other places all day, residents in Dongtala were worried but didn’t know how to deal with it. Finding this situation, Pan decided to have a shot. He invited the Water Conservancy Department to investigate and design a trench so that part of the river’s water can be distributed to the dry land in Dongtala. The dry land can then be turned into the sought-after irrigated land, which was a guarantee for residents to be free from hunger whether it was drought or flood. However, the result disappointed all people, because there were low-lying areas between Banshitu River and arable land in Dongtala, which meant that it was difficult for water to flow into dry land after it was distributed in the low-lying land. The only resolution was to shovel soil or something onto the areas and build a trench on it. However, there was a shortage of earmarked funds, so people saved money; there was a shortage of workforce, so 500 or 600 people of all ages came to the construction site in the next day when Pan held a mobilization meeting. Even old women in gray hair who were not willing to go out steamed cornbread and hobbled; students on a vacation also came with their parents. A colored flag in a ravine; a big speaker broadcasting My Country and We Are On the Road; sometimes the women members reading a draft praising people with a crisp voice. All of these showed a warm atmosphere. Of course, people must be elated and have high morale when they work for good days to come.<br /> <br /> （edited）At that time, Pan Xiangxue wasn’t addressed as the Old Secretary yet, because he was under 40 and was selected as the village secretary for a short time. He grew up in the Dongtala Village when he was a kid, and became a village official when he was over 20. For 20-plus years, he had been contemplating how to create wealth for his village. Then the crop in rural areas depended on weather. If it was not raining, leading to dry land, farmers would receive reduced yields or nothing, even though they were exhausted for their work. In other words, bad weather can pose a grave threat to farmers. Hearing that Banshitu River rushed from northern village to other places all day, residents in Dongtala were worried but didn’t know how to deal with it. Finding this situation, Pan decided to have a shot. He invited the Water Conservancy Department to investigate and design a trench so that part of the river’s water can be distributed to the dry land in Dongtala. The dry land can then be turned into the sought-after irrigated land, which was a guarantee for residents to be free from hunger whether it was drought or flood. However, the result disappointed all people, because there were low-lying areas between Banshitu River and arable land in Dongtala, which meant that it was difficult for water to flow into dry land after it was distributed in the low-lying land. The only resolution was to shovel soil or something onto the areas and build a trench on it. However, there was a shortage of earmarked funds, so people saved money; there was a shortage of workforce, so 500 or 600 people of all ages came to the construction site in the next day when Pan held a mobilization meeting. Even old women in gray hair who were not willing to go out steamed cornbread and hobbled; students on a vacation also came with their parents. A colored flag stands in a ravine with a big speaker broadcasting My Country and We Are On the Road. Sometimes the women members reading a draft praising people with a crisp voice. All of these showed a warm atmosphere. Definitely, there is no reason for people not to be elated and have high morale when they work for good days to come.<br /> <br /> ====刘丛领 Liu Congling====<br /> <br /> 低洼地拉拉被垫高了两米多，形成一个大底座，从板石吐河开掘出来的大渠径直通过这个大底座，终于把水引到了东他拉的旱地里。此一举，让东他拉村增加了七百五十亩水浇地。从此只要深深地躬下身子，埋头苦干，便是衣食无忧无尽无休的好日子了。<br /> 一鼓作气，引水渠大功告成。潘向学一声令下，打开水闸，放水啦——水流像波浪形的翡翠，一边跳舞一边奔跑，孩子们在渠旁跟着那水流疯跑着，瞬间就跑到了大底座上面，这时候农民土造的大渠，有点经不住考验了——水大，几乎要漫出渠口，渠壁是用泥土一点点夯实垒砌的，不知道能否经得住如此水流的冲泡，但是水已经超过渠面，泥土渠壁也微微渗水。潘向学火烧眉毛，站在渠边，目不转睛地盯着渠水。突然，周围的乡亲看到他解开了棉袄的扣子，穿着秋衣秋裤喊了一声：“上沙袋子！”就走下了渠中，站在了湍急的水流中。水就要齐胸了，不时地推涌着他，他定定神，站稳，接过沙袋子，开始码着渠壁往上砌。一袋，两袋，三袋，当他把第一摞沙袋砌到渠口的高度时，他看见身旁有又多了好几个人，是村干部全都下水了，不一会党员、团员、青壮年村民，全都下水了！水温零上十几度，人体三十六度五，外面的秋风嗖嗖地刮，水中的人们不敢停滞片刻，只有不停地搬沙袋，砌沙袋，用全身的热汗对冲着冰水，才不至于打哆嗦。<br /> <br /> A large base was formed after the low-lying area was packed more than two meters up, through which the large canal excavated from the Banshitu River passed straight through and finally diverted water to the dry land in Dongthara. In this move, Dongtara village have another 750 acres of watered land. From now on, as long as you would like to immerse yourself in hard work, good days that have no worry about basic necessities will be waiting for you. <br /> <br /> At one blow the aqueduct was done. Pan Xiangxue ordered to open the sluice to released water. The water flew like a wavy emerald, running and dancing. Children ran freely with the water next to the canal, and instantly ran to the big base. At this moment the large canal made by the peasants showed a slight sign that it could not withstand the test. The water was huge, almost overflowing the mouth of the canal, and the wall of the canal was built with soil piece by piece, so whether it could withstand the brewing of water remained a question. But the water had already exceeded the canal surface, and the mud canal wall was also slightly seeping. Pan Xiangxue was fraught, standing by the canal and fixing his eyes on the water. Suddenly, the surrounding villagers saw him unbuttoning his cotton jacket and shouting in long johns, &quot; The sandbag!&quot; After that he walked down the canal and stood in the rushing water. The water was about to reach chest high, pushing him from time to time. He recovered composure, stood firm, and took the sandbags to build them against the wall of the canal. One, two, three··· When he built the first stack to the height of the mouth of the canal, he saw that there were several more people beside him------ it was the village officials who all went into the water, and after a while, the party members, league members, and young and middle-aged villagers all went into the water. The water temperature is above ten degrees above zero while the temperature of human body is 36.5 degrees. For that matter, people in the water dare not stop for a moment in the whizzing autumn breeze outside. The only thing they can do is to constantly move sandbags, pile them up and use the hot sweat over the whole body to fight against the icy water so as not to shiver.<br /> <br /> Liu Jiayu:A large base was formed after the low-lying area was packed more than two meters up. The large canal, excavated from the Banshitu River, passed straight through the base and finally diverted water to the dry land in Dongthara. In doing so, Dongtara village had another 750 acres of irrigable land. From now on, as long as the villagers would like to immerse themselves in hard work, good days that there was no worry about basic necessities would be waiting for them. <br /> At one blow the aqueduct was done. Pan Xiangxue ordered to open the sluice to release water. The water flew like a wavy emerald, running and dancing. Children near the canal ran freely following the water, and instantly ran to the big base. At this moment the large canal made by the peasants showed a slight sign that it could not withstand the test. The water flooded and almost overflew the mouth of the canal. The wall of the canal was built with soil piece by piece, so whether it could withstand the scouring of water remained a question. But the water level had already exceeded the canal surface, and the water slightly seeped through the earthen canal wall. Pan Xiangxue was in an utmost urgency , standing by the canal and fixing his eyes on the water.<br /> Suddenly, the surrounding villagers saw him unbutton his cotton jacket and shouting in long johns, &quot;The sandbags!&quot; After that he walked down the canal and stood in the rushing water. The water was about up to reach his chest, pushing him from time to time. He recovered composure, stood firm, and took the sandbags to build them against the wall of the canal. One, two, three… When he built the first stack to the height of the mouth of the canal, he saw that there were several more people beside him------ it was the village officials who all went into the water, and after a while, the Party members, League members, and young and middle-aged villagers all went into the water. The water temperature was above ten degrees above zero while the temperature of human body is 36.5 degrees. For that matter, people in the water dared not stop for a moment in the whizzing autumn breeze outside. The things they could do were to constantly move sandbags, pile them up and use the hot sweat over the whole body to fight against the icy water so as not to shiver.<br /> <br /> ====刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 加固加厚了渠壁，潘向学一班人马被外面的人拉出渠的时候，天已经黯淡下来，气温已经下降到零下十几度，还没他们换上家里送来的干衣服，身上的秋衣秋裤已经在他们的身上冻着了铁片，咔咔直响，一折就要断层碎片。<br /> 望着水渠安安稳稳地把水送上了村里七百五十亩耕地的旁边，老婆婆和媳妇们呜呜地就哭起来了，很少流泪的潘向学眼睛也发热了。乡亲们说，潘书记快回村，大碴子粥熬了一大锅，热热呼呼，还有大酱腌的咸菜疙瘩，油滋啦炖豆角，等着给你们庆功呢。<br /> 潘向学说，拿件棉衣服，装点饭送来，我回去也不放心。很快，村民们点燃了熊熊的篝火，潘向学和他的村两委一班人，就坐在篝火旁，慢慢嘬一壶滚烫的自己村里酿的大老散白酒，守着水渠，度过了通水的第一夜。送水成功，水渠安全，他们才放心离开。<br /> 郭守生对老书记那是绝对服气。2000年修大渠的事，深深记在他的心里。正像村里当年在场的乡亲们传说的一样，在郭守生的心中，潘向学搬着沙袋与湍急的冷水搏斗的身影，就和电影《创业》中王进喜在油井里用身体搅拌原油一样，都是真正的共产党员，人民信得过的带头人。<br /> <br /> The canal wall was reinforced. By the time Pan Xiangxue and his crew were pulled out of the canal by people outside, it had already been dark and the temperature had dropped to ten degrees below zero. Before they changed into the dry clothes brought from home, the long Johns they were in froze solid like sheet iron, rattling and would break into pieces. The old woman and her daughers-in-law began to cry when they watched the canal steadily deliver water to the side of the village's 750 mu arable land. Pan Xiangxue, who rarely cried, filled his eyes with tears. The villagers said, “Secretary Pan, hurry back! We have cooked a big pot of hot congee, pickle lumps in sauce and stewed beans in oil. We are waiting for you to celebrate!” &quot;Take a piece of cotton clothing and bring some food,” Pan said, “Even if I go back, I'll be worried.” Soon, the villagers lit a roaring bonfire. Pan Xiangxue and his members of village Party branch and village committee sat around the bonfire, sipping a steaming pot of Chinese spirits in bulks made by the village, spending the first water-delivering night guarding the canal. They didn’t leave until the water was delivered successfully and the canal was safe. Guo Shousheng was absolutely convinced of Secretary Pan. The construction of the Grand Canal in 2000 was firmly kept in his mind. As the villagers who were on the scene said, in Guo Shousheng's mind, Pan Xiangxue, who fought against the rushing cold water with sandbags, was a real Communist Party member and a leader trusted by the people, just like Wang Jinxi in the movie &quot;Start a Business&quot;, who stirred crude oil with his body in an oil well.<br /> <br /> The canal wall was reinforced. By the time Pan Xiangxue and his crew were pulled out of the canal by people outside, it had already been dark and the temperature had dropped to more than ten degrees below zero. Before they changed into the dry clothes brought from home, the long Johns were in froze solid like sheet iron, rattling and crisping. The old woman and her daughters-in-law began to cry when they watched the canal steadily deliver water to the side of the village's 750 mu arable land. Pan Xiangxue, who rarely cried, filled his eyes with tears. The villagers said, “Secretary Pan, hurry back! We have cooked a big pot of hot congee, pickle lumps in sauce and stewed beans in oil. We are waiting for you to celebrate!” &quot;Take a piece of cotton clothing and bring some food.” Pan said, “Even if I go back, I'll be worried.” Soon, the villagers lit a roaring bonfire. Pan Xiangxue and his members of village Party branch and village committee sat around the bonfire, sipping a steaming pot of Chinese Baijiu in bulks made by the village, spending the first water-delivering night guarding the canal. They didn’t leave until the water was delivered successfully and the canal was safe. Guo Shousheng was absolutely convinced of Secretary Pan. The construction of the Grand Canal in 2000 was firmly kept in his mind. As the villagers who were on the scene said, in Guo Shousheng's mind, Pan Xiangxue, who fought against the rushing cold water with sandbags, was a real Communist Party member and a leader trusted by the people, just like Wang Jinxi in the movie Start a Business, who stirred crude oil with his body in an oil well.<br /> <br /> ====刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====<br /> <br /> 郭守生这人办事，说话实诚，用村里的话说，一口吐沫一个钉，他说既然答应了老书记，不干则已，干就干好！<br /> 只有那些说怪话，不愿意加入互助模式的贫困户，潘向学也有招儿。你不是说自己养的东西，用不着交给别人搭人情，自己也能养吗，那就让他们试试。结果，一半年过去那些人傻眼了，人家互助合作的小组的牛，溜光水滑，该揣犊子的都鼓起了大肚子，自己养的牛，真的不行，瘦骨嶙峋，没两头肚子有动静的。他们便忙三迭四地到了村委会，请村委会帮着他们去求的富裕户的谅解。就这样，三链互助扶贫模式迅速在全村推行，当年就见了很好的效果。<br /> 东他拉村2014年初识别建档立卡户341户，是全翁牛特旗的旗重点贫困村，现在东他拉村共有74个三链式互助扶贫联合体，为280户村民争取金融扶贫贷款1375万元，贫困户利用贷款发展养殖业，年户均增收5000元。 牛存栏已由当初的不足700头发展到2500多头 ；羊存栏从不到3000只发展到10000多只，总计年人均增收在3000元以上。全村实现脱贫。<br /> <br /> Guo Shousheng is an honest man who always keeps his words. Since he promised the old secretary, he would try his best to do it well. For those poverty-stricken household who said something strange and were unwilling to participate in the mutual assistance model, Pan Xiangxue also had his own method to deal with it. Someone said that it was no use to raise their own domestic animals with the help of others, and they could do it all by themselves. So, let them had a try. After a year and a half, those villagers were dumbfounded for seeing cows from the group of the model having smooth skin, and some of them which should be pregnant were having babies in their belly, while those cows fed by themselves were skinny and had less cows having babies. Therefore, they hurriedly went to the village committee and asked for help to earn forgiveness of wealthy families. By doing so, a mutual poverty alleviation model with three parties was formed and made a very good effect. In early 2014, Dongtala village, a key poverty-stricken village in Ongniud Qi, had 341 households with poverty registration. Now, there are 74 communities with that model in Dongtala village, striving for financial poverty alleviation loan of 13.75 million yuan for 280 households to develop breeding industry. And per household annually earn 5,000 yuan in average. There are more than 2,500 cows now, which was less than 700 before; and there are over 10,000 sheep now, which was less than 3,000 before. In total, the annual per capita income increased by more than 3,000 yuan. The whole village were lifted out of poverty.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Guo Shousheng is an practical and honest man. In the villagers’ words, he is a man who always keeps his words. Since he made his promises to the old secretary, he would try his best to do it well. For those poverty-stricken household who said something mean and were unwilling to participate in the mutual assistance model, Pan Xiangxue also had his own way to deal with it. Someone said that it was no use to raise their own domestic animals with the help of others, and they could do it all by themselves. So, let them had a try. However, after a year and a half, those villagers were dumbfounded after seeing cattle raised by the group had a smooth skin, and some are pregnant, with babies in their belly, while those cows fed by themselves were skinny and little cows having babies. Therefore, they hurriedly went to the village committee and asked for help to earn forgiveness of the wealthy families. By doing so, a mutual poverty alleviation model with three parties was implemented, receiving a very good effect in that year. In early 2014, Dongtala village, a key poverty-stricken village in Ongniud Qi, had 341 households with poverty registration. Now, there are 74 communities with that model in Dongtala village, striving for financial poverty alleviation loan of 13.75 million yuan for 280 households to develop breeding industry. And per annual household income increased 5,000 yuan in average. There are more than 2,500 cows now, which was less than 700 before; and there are over 10,000 sheep now, which was less than 3,000 before. In total, the annual per capita income increased by more than 3,000 yuan. The whole village were lifted out of poverty.<br /> <br /> ====刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====<br /> <br /> 车进东他拉村，整洁的环境，不由让我吃惊。在村委会院子里，一个村民正推着小车，在打扫院子收垃圾。我以为这是一个贫困户，正在公益岗上工作。<br /> 我走过去一问，那个村民告诉我，这不是公益岗，就是一种个人习惯，每天不出来打扫村子就觉得心里发空。和他一样，在村里不同地方打扫环境卫生的，还有好几个人，这些人年龄大了，没有太多的活计，自从大前年，村干部带头扫街以后，他们就自愿这样做了，就是过年过节也没停下来。一坚持就是三四年，我觉得真是难能可贵。<br /> 老潘书记和五分地镇的镇长，在村委会等我。我一端详潘书记，不像五十九岁，像五十四五，看来在他的称谓前面加一个老字，有点不太合适。虽说他的脸黝黑，带着风雨剥蚀的岁月印记，但是这人精神旺盛，体魄健硕。村民叫一声他老潘书记，语气里带着敬重和信任。<br /> 我先问潘书记村里的志愿者的事儿。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> I was surprised by the tidy environment when I entered Dongtala village by car. In the courtyard of the village committee, a villager was pushing a cart to clean the yard and collect the trash. I thought he was a poor household, who was working for public welfare. I went over to ask, then the villager told me that this is not a public service post, it is his personal habit, for he would feel empty in mind if not cleaning the village every day. Just like him, there are other people cleaning the different areas of the village, who are old, without much work to do. Since the year before last, the village cadres took the lead in sweeping the streets, they did it voluntarily, continuing it even during the New Year holidays for three or four years, which I think is really valuable. The old Pan secretary and the mayor of Wuzhdi town are waiting for me at the village committee. I stared at Secretary Pan, who is fifty-nine years old, but looks like only fifty-four or fifty-five years old. Therefore, it is not quite appropriate to add the word &quot;old&quot; in front of his title, although his face is dark, with the mark of the years of weathering, he is vigorous and fit. The villagers called him old Pan secretary, with respect and trust in their tone. Let me asked Secretary Pan about the volunteers in the village first .<br /> <br /> I was surprised by the tidy environment when I entered Dongtala village by car. In the courtyard of the village committee, I saw a villager pushing a cart. He had been cleaning the yard and collecting trashes. I thought he was from a poor household, who was working for public welfare. I walked over there, asking some details. The villager told me that this was not a public service post, it was just a personal habit, for he would feel uncomfortable if he didn’t the village every day.Just like him, there are some other people cleaning in different areas of the village. Most of them are old with little work to do. Since the year before last when the village cadres took the lead in sweeping the streets, they had done it voluntarily for three or four years without a break even during the New Year holidays, which was so incredible. Secretary Pan and the mayor of Wufendi town were waiting for me at the village committee. I looked at Secretary Pan’s face carefully, he is fifty-nine years old, but looks like only fifty-four or fifty-five years old. Therefore, it is not quite appropriate to add the word &quot;old&quot; in front of his title. Although his face is dark, with the mark of the years of weathering, he is vigorous , healthy and strong. The villagers called him old Secretary Pan, with respect and trust in their tone. Let me ask Secretary Pan about the volunteer matters in the village.<br /> <br /> ====刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing====<br /> <br /> 老潘书记说，几十年来，村里贫困不说，脏乱差的问题很严重，出门走两步，就得踩上一脚牛粪羊粪，村民也还是围个窝睡觉，端个碗吃饭的就习惯，把垃圾倒得可那都是，苞米皮子，煤灰加上泔水猪粪就倒在当街上。冬天冻成冰坨子，春风来了满天飞。你看那老百姓吧，不怕老师笑话，个个灰头土脸，耳朵里一掏一坨泥，浑身沾满了草屑污渍。村党支部开会动员家家打扫环境卫生，他们说好吃不如饺子，好受不过倒着，一天到晚挺累的，哪有力气整乡村文明的那些事儿。<br /> 我们一看，这样下去怎么能行，于是为把激励村民竞相发展生产和引导树立文明乡风结合起来，第一个举措就是村干部上街，带头打扫环境卫生。说起来挺逗，我们第一天出来，村民发现之后，也出来了，他们不开自己家大门，躲在门缝里看我们干活儿，偷偷笑，说肯定是上头来检查的了，也就一阵风就过去了，没想到第二天，第三天，一部分村民一些看不下去了，拿着扫帚加入了村干部的行列，直到第四天，街道被打扫得干干净净，村民们提着土篮子出门了，一看，不忍心在随地倒垃圾了，当还是懒得远走，便把垃圾拎着往自家院子旮旯一倒了事。老潘书就说，咱们分组进院子，我就不信他们能看得下眼儿去。干部和党员给村民扫院子，可不得了，村民们这回真有点羞愧难当了。躺着的跳下炕，看电视打扑克的走出屋子，纷纷从干部们手里抢夺下工具，自己动手干起来了。<br /> <br /> Secretary Pan said, for decades, except poverty, the village is also very filthy. You may even step on cow dung and sheep dung once you go out. The villagers have no decent place to eat and sleep. The rubbish were dumped here and there. The streets were scattered with rice bark, coal ash plus slop pig dung. In winter, it froze into a pile of ice while in spring, it flew all over the place.I'm embarrassed to admit. Look at the villagers, they all have grey faces, a pile of mud in their ears, and are covered in grass clippings and stains.The village party branch held a meeting to mobilize everyone to clean up the environment, but they said that they are ok with the present living environment. All day’s work has already worn them out, they have no spare energy to help build a civilized village.Seeing this, we thought we must do something to change the present situation. Thus, we decided to combine motivating the villagers to develop production and guiding the establishment of a civilized countryside.The first step was to let the village cadres take lead in going out to clean the streets. Interestingly, on the first day out, the villager also opened their doors, behind which they were peeking and sniggering, saying “There must be leaders coming to checking their work. It will not last long.” However, on the second and third day, some villagers began to join us. On the 4th day, the streets were cleaned up. When villagers went out and saw the tidiness, they could not bear to dump their rubbish anywhere. However, they didn’t bother to go far, then they ended up with dumping the rubbish at the corner of their houses.Secretary Pan said, “Then we divided into groups to clean their yards. The cadres and party members swept the villagers' yards. That’s incredible! This time the villagers began feeling embarrassed. Those who were lying down jumped off the bed and those who were watching TV and playing cards came out of the house. They grabbed the tools from the cadres and did the cleaning work themselves.<br /> <br /> Secretary Pan said, for decades, except poverty, the village is also very filthy. You may even step on cow dung and sheep dung once you go out. The villagers have no decent place to eat and sleep. The rubbish were dumped here and there. The streets were scattered with rice bark, coal ash plus slop pig dung. In winter, it freezes into a pile of ice, and in spring, it flew all over the place. I'm embarrassed to admit. Look at the villagers, they all have grey faces, a pile of mud in their ears, and are covered in grass clippings and stains.The village party branch met to mobilize families to clean up the environment, but they said that they are ok with the present living environment. All day’s work has already worn them out, they have no spare energy to help build a civilized village.Seeing this, we thought we must do something to change the present situation. Thus, we decided to combine motivating the villagers to develop production and guiding the establishment of a civilized countryside.The first initiative was to let the village cadres take lead in going out to clean the streets. Interestingly, on the first day out, the villager also opened their doors, behind which they were peeking and sniggering, saying “There must be leaders coming to checking their work. It will not last long.” However, on the second and third day, some villagers began to join us. On the 4th day, the streets were cleaned up. When villagers went out and saw the tidiness, they could not bear to dump their rubbish anywhere. However, they didn’t bother to go far, then they ended up with dumping the rubbish at the corner of their houses.Secretary Pan said, “Then we grouped into the yard. The cadres and party members swept the villagers' yards. That’s incredible! This time the villagers began feeling embarrassed. The lying jumped off the bed, watching TV and playing poker out of the house. They grabbed the tools from the cadres and did the cleaning work themselves.<br /> <br /> ====鲁思 Lu Si====<br /> <br /> 随后，我们推出了村民“积分卡”制度，凡产业发展得好、扶贫政策掌握得好、门前卫生搞得好、孝老爱亲、邻里和睦的通过评定都能获得积分，1积分顶0.5元，凭积分卡可以到村“爱心超市”领取生活物品。<br /> <br /> Then we introduced the villagers &quot;point card&quot; system.As long as you promote industrial development, master poverty alleviation policies, improve hygiene, be filial to the elderly and care for relatives, and have harmony in the neighborhood, you can earn points through the evaluation.One point can be exchanged for 0.5 yuan, and with the point card, you can receive daily necessities at the village &quot;Love Supermarket&quot;.<br /> <br /> Then we introduced the villagers &quot;point card&quot; system.As long as you promote industrial development, master poverty alleviation policies, improve hygiene, be filial to the elderly and love your relatives, and have harmony in the neighborhood, you can earn points through the evaluation.One point can be exchanged for 0.5 yuan, and with the point card, you can receive daily necessities at the village &quot;Love Supermarket&quot;.<br /> <br /> 现在，村民都比着干，有不积极的户，念书的孩子就督促父母了，咱家为啥积分不如人家呢？为了给自己孩子做榜样，家家也都往好了干。积分实际上并不能换来多少值钱的东西，关键是一种精神推动。”<br /> <br /> Now, villagers are rushing to do it, and there are families who are not active, their children ask why our family has less points than others. In order to set an example for their children, each family actively does it, and therefore is able to urge them.The fact is that points do not exchange for much of value, the key is a spiritual boost.<br /> <br /> Now, villagers are rushing to do it. And there are families who are not active, their children ask why their family has less points than others. In order to set an example for their children, each family actively does it, and therefore is able to urge them.The fact is that points do not exchange for much of value, the key is a spiritual boost.<br /> <br /> 坐在一旁的的五分地镇镇长插话说，火车跑得快，全靠车头带。潘书记一班人自己坐得端，行的正，干的实，他们张罗什么事儿，大家都听，东他拉才有现在的好风气。 <br /> <br /> Sitting on the side of the Wu fendizhen town mayor said, &quot;the train runs fast, all depends on the front of the car”. Secretary Pan’s team to do things openly ,honestly and very upright, so what they want to do, what everyone does, Dong tala has a good atmosphere now.<br /> <br /> Town mayor Wu fendizhen who's sitting on the side said, &quot;The train runs fast. It all depends on train engine.” Secretary Pan’s team does things openly ,honestly and very upright, so what they want to do, what everyone does. Dong tala has a good atmosphere now.<br /> <br /> 我发现跟潘向学问起村里的情况，他侃侃而谈，如数家珍，可是一说他自己的事儿，他总是三言两语，一带而过，我一再追问，还是三言两语。<br /> <br /> I found that when I asked Pan Xiangxue about the situation in the village, he talked a lot, but when it came to his own affairs, he always said very little, although I kept asking him, he still said very little.<br /> <br /> I found that when I asked Pan Xiangxue about the situation in the village, he talked a lot, but when it came to his own affairs, he always said very little, although I kept asking him, he still said very little.<br /> <br /> 我说潘书记啊，我知道村书记的工资很少，那你整天在外面忙，家来靠什么过日子呢？他回答，种六十多亩地，我和老伴儿两个人一起种。<br /> 我说，你有空吗，他说老伴儿辛苦点。<br /> 我说没养点牛吗？他说没养，我说为啥，他说顾不过来。我说，你也加入合作组呗。他说那可不行，咱这身份，就不好给大家平衡事儿了。<br /> 我说潘书记，你家一年能收入多少钱，据我所知，村里的干部往往都是富裕户。<br /> <br /> I said, &quot;Secretary Pan, I know that the village secretary's salary is small, and you work outside all day, where is the family's economic source? &quot;He replied, &quot;I plant more than 60 acres of land with my wife.&quot; I said, &quot;Do you have time to farm?&quot; He said, &quot;My wife farms more.&quot; I said, &quot;Don't you have cattle?&quot; He said, &quot;No,&quot; and I said, &quot;Why?&quot; He said, &quot;I don't have time to take care of them”. I said, &quot;Why don't you join the cooperative group?&quot; He said, &quot;No, we can't do things fairly in our capacity&quot;. I said, &quot;Secretary Pan, what is your annual income? As far as I know, the village officials are very rich.<br /> <br /> I said, &quot;Secretary Pan, I know that the village secretary's salary is small, and you work outside all day. So where is your family's economic source? &quot;He replied, &quot;I plant more than 60 acres of land with my wife.&quot; I said, &quot;Do you have time to farm?&quot; He said, &quot;My wife farms more.&quot; I said, &quot;Don't you have cattle?&quot; He said, &quot;No.&quot; and I said, &quot;Why?&quot; He said, &quot;I don't have time to take care of them”. I said, &quot;Why don't you join the cooperative group?&quot; He said, &quot;No, we can't do things fairly in our capacity&quot;. I said, &quot;Secretary Pan, what is your annual income? As far as I know, the village officials are very rich.<br /> <br /> ====陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====<br /> <br /> 潘书记说，我们家也不错，一年种地能闹个五六万，加上我的工资，孩子都出去了，我们老两口也没啥别的用钱地方，完全够了。<br /> <br /> Secretary Pan said ,&quot;our family is also good. We can earn 50000 or 60000 yuan a year by farming. I have salary and our children have left home. So my wife and I no other place to spend the money. It's enough.<br /> <br /> Secretary Pan said that our family is also good. We can earn 50,000 or 60,000 yuan a year by farming. I have salary and our children have left home. So my wife and I have no other place to spend the money. It's totally enough.<br /> <br /> 所以，我不用想着家来怎么发展，家里的事儿想多了，村里的事儿就会想的少了，在这个问题上两手都要抓，两头都要赢，恐怕有难度。<br /> <br /> Therefore, I don't have to think about how to develop my family. If I think more about my family, I will think less about the village. I am afraid it is difficult to give consideration to both sides.&quot;<br /> <br /> Therefore, I don't have to think about how to develop my family. If I think more about my family, I will think less about the village. I am afraid it is difficult to give consideration to both sides.&quot;<br /> <br /> 我追问，那你什么时间下地劳动。<br /> <br /> I asked, &quot;when do you work in the field?&quot;<br /> <br /> I asked, &quot;when do you work in the field?&quot;<br /> <br /> 潘书记说，也就是见缝插针，老伴辛苦呗，她偶尔会叨咕几句，叨咕几句就让她叨咕吧，听着别吭声，就过去了。<br /> <br /> Secretary Pan said , &quot;I usually work when I'm free. My wife worked harder so she murmurs every once in a while. I just keep quiet and listen to her. &quot;<br /> <br /> Secretary Pan said , &quot;I usually work when I'm free. My wife worked harder so she murmurs every once in a while. I just keep quiet and listen to her. &quot;<br /> <br /> 镇长插话说，咱们老潘书记啊，办事公道，一心为公。<br /> <br /> The mayor threw in, &quot;Secretary Pan is a fair man and devotes to the public.<br /> <br /> The mayor threw in, &quot;Secretary Pan is a fair man and devotes to the public.<br /> <br /> 这些年，镇政府的门槛都要被他踏破了，他找领导，没有一次是为自己什么事儿，全是村里的事儿。<br /> <br /> Over the years, he has visited the town government too frequently. He has never found a leader for himself, but for the village.<br /> <br /> Over the years, he has visited the town government too frequently. He has never found a leader for himself, but for the village.<br /> <br /> 平常镇里填报什么表，整得最清楚的肯定是东他拉，开会，从来提前到会的也总是他，他为了村里的事儿，那是咬定青山不撒口，非办成不可。<br /> <br /> When there's any form to fill in in the town, the most clear one must be Dongtala Village. And Secretary Pan is also the one who always arrives in advance for meetings. He is determined to get things done for the sake of the village.<br /> <br /> When there's any form to fill in in the town, the most clear one must be Dongtala Village. And Secretary Pan is also the one who always arrives in advance for meetings. He is determined to get things done for the sake of the village.<br /> <br /> 有一次，东他拉的自来水出了点毛病，那是晚上十一点多的事儿了。<br /> <br /> Once, there was something wrong with the tap water of Dongtala. It was more than eleven o'clock at night.<br /> <br /> Once, there was something wrong with the tap water of Dongtala. It was more than eleven o'clock at night.<br /> <br /> 他来电话，请我们帮着找技术员来给检修一下，都那么晚了，怎么也得等到第二天啊，我说老潘，你先把总闸关了吧，明天上班就给你派人修。<br /> <br /> He called and asked us to find a technician to repair it. It was so late, so we had to wait until the next day. I asked Pan to shut down the main gate first and promised to send someone to repair it tomorrow.<br /> <br /> He called and asked us to find a technician to repair it. It was so late, so we had to wait until the next day. I asked Pan to shut down the main gate first and promised to send someone to repair it tomorrow.<br /> <br /> 他担心供不上水，就一个人抽着他的老旱烟，坐在水泵房，守了一夜，第二天早上工人来了，看将人家老潘两眼通红地，在门前迎他们呢。<br /> <br /> He was worried that there was no water supply, so he smoked his tobacco and sat in the water pump room for a night. The next morning, the workers came and saw Pan with red eyes welcoming them at the door.&quot;<br /> <br /> He was worried that there was no water supply, so he smoked his tobacco and sat in the water pump room for a night. The next morning, the workers came and saw Pan with red eyes welcoming them at the door.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====马明宇 Ma Mingyu====<br /> <br /> 镇长的话，老潘书记也不接。他掐断了手里的烟，对我说，老师好不容易来一趟，咱们到村里转转。不知道老师需要看什么。<br /> <br /> Secretary Pan did not accept the mayor's words. He cut off the cigarette in his hand and said to me that it was not easy for you to come here. Let's go around the village. I don't know what you need to see.<br /> <br /> 我说我情况也不熟，请潘书记引领把。镇长说他们的养殖和种植产业都做得很好， 特别扎实，效益相当好。潘书记给我推荐了农村好媳妇董丽华，还有特困户潘风一家。<br /> <br /> I said that I also didn't know, and asked Secretary Pan to lead me. The mayor said that their farming and planting industries are doing very well, especially solid, and the benefits are quite good. Secretary Pan recommended Dong Lihua, a good wife from the countryside, and Pan Feng family which is very poor to me.<br /> <br /> 董丽华是全村树文明创新风活动中大家投票评选出来的好媳妇。过去，这一带农村流传着这样的顺口溜：三金一踹移在外。什么意思呢？就是说，如果儿子要娶媳妇，媳妇像婆家提出的基本要求是要有金项链、金耳环、金戒指和一辆摩托车，外加要把公婆移到别的房子里单过，媳妇不予照顾奉养。但凡媳妇和公婆住在一起的人家，没有不打架闹矛盾的。可是董丽华可不是这样，她嫁到婆家，家里不仅有公婆，还有奶奶婆婆，八十多岁的老人，基本不能自理，新媳妇嫁过来，就每天给奶奶洗衣喂饭，端屎端尿，洗脚洗头，你不论啥时候见到老太太，都是干干净净的。后来奶奶病重，董丽华就搬到老太太屋里陪护，恐怕夜里老人有个什么闪失。村里没有开展树新风评选活动以前， 大家虽然知道董丽华是个好媳妇，但是家家户户的媳妇谁也没去想，也要争做一个好媳妇，现在，争取当个好媳妇，在全村已经蔚然成风，潘书记说，扶贫先扶志，志气包括文明程度，精神高尚才叫真正的富。<br /> <br /> Dong Lihua is a good wife elected by everyone in the activity of building a civilized and innovative style in the village. In the past, this kind of jingle spread in the countryside: Three golds, motorbike and moving out. What's the meaning? That is to say, if the son wants to take a wife, the basic requirements put forward by the wife to the mother-in-law's family are to have a gold necklace, gold earrings, gold rings and a motorbike. In addition, the parents in law should move to another house to live, and the wife will not take care of them. Every wife and mother-in-law live in the same family, there is no one who does not fight and make conflicts. However, Dong Lihua is not like that. After she married, there were not only parents in law, but also grandparents-in-law in home. Eighty year old people can hardly take care of themselves. So after Dong Lihua married, she was washing the clothes of her grandmother-in-law and feeding her, carrying her excrement and urine, washing her feet and hair every day. No matter when you see the old woman, she is always clean. Later, when grandmother-in-law was seriously ill, Dong Lihua moved to the her room to take care of her. Because she afraid that something will happen to grandmother-in-law at night. Before the election campaign to establish new trends was held in the village, everyone knew that Dong Lihua was a good wife, but every wife did not think about it and wanted to be a good wife. Now, striving to be a good wife has become a common practice in the village. Secretary Pan said that the aspiration should be alleviated first in poverty alleviation, and the aspiration includes civilization. A high spirit is actually a real wealth.<br /> <br /> ====彭琦 Peng Qi====<br /> <br /> 董丽华正在往屋抱柴火，他们家也是刚刚脱贫的贫困户。丈夫患有甲状腺病，婆婆这几天又发现了冠心病，正在住院。见到我，说起婆婆的病，董丽华说了一句我妈……眼泪就出来了，看得出婆媳之间感情是很深的。 还好，由于享受贫困户的大病兜底政策，董丽华和他的丈夫不用为医疗费犯愁，他们只要照顾好病人，把家里的活干好，绝不会再回到从前的贫困中。<br /> <br /> Dong Lihua is carrying firewood to the house. Their family is also a poor household that has just escaped poverty. Her husband suffers from thyroid disease, and her mother-in-law has been diagnosed coronary heart disease the other day and is being hospitalized. When she saw me, talking about her mother-in-law's illness, Dong Lihua said my mom…..and tears followed. I could see that she had a strong relationship with her mother-in-law. Fortunately, because of the policy of treating major illnesses for poor households for free, Dong Lihua and her husband do not have to worry about medical expenses. All they have to do is take care of the patient and do their chores at home, and will never go back to the poverty as they did.<br /> <br /> Dong Lihua is carrying firewood to the house. Their family is also a poor household that has just been lifted from poverty. Her husband had suffered from thyroid disease, and her mother-in-law was diagnosed coronary heart disease the other day and is being hospitalized. When she saw me, talking about her mother-in-law's disease, Dong said, “my mom…”, bursting into tears. I could see that she had a strong relationship with her mother-in-law. Fortunately, because of the policy of treating major diseases for poor households for free, Dong and her husband do not have to worry about medical expenses. What they have to do is to take care of the patient and do their work at home, and never go back to the poverty as they did.<br /> <br /> 另外一家姓潘，户主叫潘风。和潘书记是本家。这大概是我赤峰之行见到的生存状况最不如人意一家了。<br /> <br /> The other family was called Pan, and the host of the family was Pan Feng. They are from the same family as Secretary Pan. This is probably the poorest family I have seen on my trip to Chifeng.<br /> <br /> The other family was called Pan Pan Feng, the host of the family. They have the same family name as Secretary Pan. This is probably the poorest family I have seen on my journey to Chifeng.<br /> <br /> 这是由四个单身汉艰难维持的家庭。两个一辈子没有娶亲的叔叔，带着两个不到三十岁的智障侄子过日子。镇长提前告诉我，这家是潘书记本人的帮扶对象，给他们安排什么项目都做不了，种点地也总不好，到了春天管潘书记要化肥和种籽，到了冬天管潘书记要柴火，一年到头不时地还出点状况，今天病到一个叔叔，明天跑了一个侄子是随时找你，可以说是挂在潘书记身上的一个大包袱。不过潘书记不这样说，他说咋整，让我不管。我还睡不着呢。<br /> <br /> This is a family of four bachelors struggling to make ends meet. Two uncles who have never married in their lives live with two mentally handicapped nephews under the age of thirty. The mayor told me in advance that this family gets Secretary Pan's own help. But they couldn’t handle anything. In the spring, they asked Secretary Pan for fertilizer and seeds, and in the winter, they asked Secretary Pan for firewood. With all that help from Pan, there are still some problems throughout the year, for example, one uncle got sick or one nephew ran away from home, and they turned to Pan. It can be said that they are a big burden hanging on Secretary Pan. But Secretary Pan didn't say that. “what am I supposed to do, leaving them alone? Well, I couldn’t sleep with that.”, said pan.<br /> <br /> This is a family of four bachelors struggling to make ends meet. Two uncles who never get married live with two mentally handicapped nephews under the age of thirty. Director of the town told me before that this family was the target of poverty alleviation of Secretary Pan. But they couldn’t do anything well. In the spring, they asked Secretary Pan for fertilizer and seeds, and in the winter for firewood. With all that help from Pan, there are still some problems throughout the year. For example, one uncle got sick or one nephew ran away from home, and they turned to Pan. It can be said that they are a big burden hanging on Secretary Pan. But Secretary Pan didn't say so. “What am I supposed to do, leaving them alone? Well, I would not sleep well if I did that”, said Pan.<br /> <br /> ====漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====<br /> <br /> 潘风的父亲解放战争时期参军八年，据说还给一位大首长当过警卫员，在一次战斗中被子弹打穿脚掌，本来解放了，却一个任性就不干了，回乡娶媳妇成家，生了三儿一女。女儿远嫁，由于穷，三个儿子都说不上媳妇，最后父母倾家荡产给老大娶了一个智障媳妇，生下两个智障儿子。另外两个兄弟一直单身，后来老大和他的妻子病逝。这两个单身的叔叔只好接手两个智障的侄子，带着他们一起生活。<br /> 我走进他们家院子，一看，环境并不是我想象的那样颓废，房子是新盖的，满院子堆放着收下的玉米，还养着几头驴，大叔在喂驴。潘书记说，二叔潘风前一阵骨折了，拄着拐呢。进了屋，看到了二叔潘风，那两个智障的侄子也凑到我们跟前。潘风的衣服一看就好久没洗了，衣襟黑亮，像铁片。两个侄子倒是穿的还算整洁，问他们叫啥名字，还能说清楚，站了一会儿，他们就显示出病态了，眼神呆滞，浑身动作不协调。说实话，我再不敢细看这小哥俩，连给他们拍一张照片的勇气都没有。他们的叔叔潘风说他们的身体好多了，那么他们之前的样子我更是不敢想象，无论如何，对于我来说，这两个年轻人，都在述说着这个世界的无情，都是让我们对生命无奈又伤痛的直视。我一向软弱，许多年我宁可选择闭上眼睛，也不愿意看人类的伤口，他们一点错都没有，可是我的怜悯可以给他们一丝丝根本性的帮助吗？生活的残酷，让我手无缚鸡之力的作家，很是害怕。我无语，只好把墙上他们的父亲的军装照拍了下里，留作一种记忆资料。我在赤峰的扶贫攻坚采访全程中，只有他们全家没有留下照片。我知道最后会有一些遗憾，但是我的尽头刻意地回避了这<br /> <br /> Pan Feng's father has joined the army for eight years during the Liberation War. It is said that he also worked as a guard for a senior leader. He was shot in the foot in a battle. But after the war he gave up. He returned home to marry his wife and gave birth to three sons and a daughter. The daughter married far away from the home. Because he was poor, none of the three sons could get married. Finally, the parents poured all of their money to help the eldest son marry a woman with intellectual disabilities, and they gave birth to two sons with intellectual disabilities. The other two brothers remained single until the eldest brother and his wife died of illness. These two single uncles had to take over two mentally handicapped nephews and lead them to live together. When I walked into their yard, I saw that the environment was not as decadent as I thought. The house was newly built. The yard was full of corn, and there were several donkeys. Uncle was feeding the donkeys. Secretary Pan said that his second uncle, Pan Feng, had broken a bone for a while and was on crutches. Entering the house, we saw the second uncle Pan Feng, and the two nephews with mental retardation also came to us. Pan Feng's clothes have not been washed for a long time, since the front of his clothes was black and bright, like iron. But the two nephews were neatly dressed. When asked what their names were, they could explain clearly. After standing for a while, they showed a morbid state, with dull eyes and uncoordinated movements. To tell the truth, I dare not take a closer look at these two brothers. I don't even have the courage to take a picture of them. Their uncle Pan Feng said that their health was much better, so I couldn't imagine what they looked like before. Anyway, for me, these two young people are telling about the ruthlessness of the world, which makes us look at life helplessly and painfully. I have always been weak. For many years, I would rather close my eyes than look at human wounds. They are not wrong at all, but can my pity give them a bit of fundamental help? As a weak writer, I am afraid of the cruelty of life. Speechless as I was, I had to take a picture of their father's military uniform on the wall as a memory. During my interview with Chifeng on poverty alleviation, only their family did not leave any photos. I know that there will be some regrets in the end, but I deliberately shun this family at the end.<br /> <br /> correction： Pan Feng's father has joined the army for eight years during the Liberation War, he also worked as a guard for a senior leader as other said. But after that he was shot through the foot by a bullet, it was about to be liberated, he gave up capriciously. He returned to his hometown and married his wife who gave birth to three sons and one daughter. Afterwards, the only daughter married far away from home. Because of poverty, none of the three sons could get married. Finally, the parents poured out all their money to made the eldest son marry a woman with intellectual disabilities, and she gave birth to two sons with the same disease. The other two brothers remained single until the eldest one and his wife passed away from illness. Then these two single uncles had to take over the two mentally handicapped nephews to live together. When I walked into their yard, I found that the environment was not as decadent as I thought. The house was newly built and there were many picked corns and several donkeys in the yard. The uncle was feeding the donkeys. Secretary Pan told me that his second uncle, Pan Feng, had broken his bone for a while and he was on crutches now. Entered the house, we saw the second uncle Pan Feng, and then the two nephews also came to us. It can be seen that Pan Feng's clothes have not been washed for a long time, since the lapel was black and bright, just like an iron. But the two nephews were neatly dressed. When I asked about their names, they could explain clearly at present. While after standing for a while, they showed a morbid state, with dull eyes and uncoordinated movements.To tell the truth, I dared not to take a closer look at these two brothers, I couldn’t even took a picture of them. But Pan Feng said that their health was much better, so it couldn't be imagined what they like before. Anyway, for me, these two young men were telling about the ruthlessness of the world, which made us face the true life helplessly and painfully.I have always been weak. For many years, I would rather close my eyes to escape than look at human wounds directly. They didn’t do anything wrong, but my pity can’t give them a bit of fundamental help. As a weak writer, I am afraid of the cruelty of life. Speechless as I was, I only took a picture of their father’s military uniform on the wall as a memory. During my interview in Chifeng on poverty alleviation, only their family did not leave any photos. I know that there would be some regrets in the end, but I deliberately avoided this part at the end.<br /> <br /> ====覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====<br /> <br /> 我赶紧转移话题，伸手去摸他们家的炕，炕是有温度的，这让我有些释然，看看他们家的厨房，剩余在锅里的饭食虽然潦草粗糙的，可以看出，他们吃饱是没有问题。两个叔叔已经五十大多，两个侄子也三十多了，这一年年，他们是这么过来的？他们的生活状况告诉我，中国贫困问题的历史沉疴是多么深根深蒂固，而脱贫攻坚之战又是多么刻不容缓。然而，潘风几乎是带着满脸的喜悦告诉我——好多了，比起以前的日子，那是天大的变化。我们原来住在危房里，吃了上顿愁下顿，是潘书记个人出了一万多元，补贴在扶贫危房改造资金里，帮他们买了这套宽敞的新房子，看病费用也百分之百由医保和专项资金报销，我们爷四个种玉米，养几头驴，又得到了扶贫政策的支持，人均收入已经达到目前的脱贫标准。看得出潘风一家很知足。我的心情还是有些沉重。 拄着拐杖的潘峰一直把我们送到屋外，还要送到大门外，被我坚决拦住。如果让我在他面前坐上汽车，疾驰而去，我会感到羞耻。我对潘书记说，我要是当你这个书记，愁也愁死了。潘书记说，唉，村里就这样，天天揪着你的心。杨明霞告诉我，潘书记四个孩子中 有三个在大城市读书后就业，他老伴很想住到城里去过安逸清闲的日子，潘书记不去，他放不下自己的村子和自己的乡亲。<br /> <br /> I changed the subject directly and reached out to touch the bed in their house. It was warm, that made me feel relaxed. Looking into the kitchen, the leftovers in the pot were not exquisite at all, but it could be seen that it was no problem to fill up their stomach. Both two uncles in the house were more than fifty years old, and the two nephews were also about thirty. How they came through over these years? I realized from their living conditions, the historical sickness of poverty in China is deep-rooted and the fight against poverty can not be delayed anymore. However, Pan Feng told me with great delight-- “It’s much better than the days before. That’s a huge change. We used to live in the decrepit house, worried about the next meal every day. Secretary Pan donated more than 10,000 yuan personally into the funds for Renovation of Decrepit Houses. It helped us to have this spacious and new house. And the cost of medical care is also 100% reimbursed by Health Insurance and Special Funds. My family, all four people, have planted corns and raised a few donkeys. And now we’re also supported by the Poverty Alleviation Policy, our per capita income has reached the current standard.” I could know that his family was very content, but my heart was still a bit heavy. Pan Feng sent us outside the house on crutches, he still wanted to send to the gate. I stopped him resolutely. I would felt shamed if I get in the car and speed away in front of him. I said to Secretary Pan, “If I were you, I would have worried to death.” “Alas, that’s how the village always be, gripping your heart every day.” Yang Mingxia told me that there were three of the four children in Secretary Pan’s house employed after study. His wife wanted to live leisurely and relaxing days with him in the city, but he rejected. He couldn’t put down his village and folks.<br /> <br /> Immediately I changed the topic and reached out to touch the bed in their house. It was warm, that made me feel relaxed. From the kitchen, the leftovers in the pot were not exquisite at all, but it could be seen that it was no problem to fill up their stomach. Both two uncles in the house were more than fifty years old, and the two nephews were also about thirty. How they came through over these years? I realized from their living conditions, the historical sickness of poverty in China is deep-rooted and the poverty alleviation can not be delayed anymore. However, Pan Feng told me with great delight-- “It’s much better than the days before. That’s a huge change. We used to live in the dilapidated house, worried about how to have enough food every day. Secretary Pan donated more than 10,000 yuan personally into the funds for Renovation of Decrepit Houses. It helped us to have this spacious and new house. And the cost of medical care is also 100% reimbursed by Health Insurance and Special Funds. My family, all four people, have planted corns and raised a few donkeys. And now we’re also supported by the Poverty Alleviation Policy, our per capita income has reached the current standard.” I could know that his family was very content, but my heart was still a bit heavy. Pan Feng sent us outside the house on crutches, he still wanted to send to the gate. I stopped him resolutely. I would felt shamed if I get in the car and speed away in front of him. I said to Secretary Pan,“If I were you, I would have worried to death.” “Alas, that’s how the village always be, gripping your heart every day.” Yang Mingxia told me that there were three of the four children in Secretary Pan’s house employed after study. His wife wanted to live leisurely and relaxing days with him in the city, but he rejected. He still concerned about his village and folks.</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Chunfeng_EN_4&diff=149783 Chunfeng EN 4 2022-11-09T10:10:35Z <p>Li Hong: /* 李鸿 Li Hong */</p> <hr /> <div>*Back to the [[Book_projects]]<br /> *For the students of the MA class [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022]]: The Wiki Admin will distribute the paragraphs to you and indicate your names beneath in the text. The Wiki admin will add the student names.<br /> *For the students of the BA class [[Translation Theory ZH-DE 2022]]: Please select another book project, which is translated into German. The Wiki admin will add the student names.<br /> <br /> This page originally only contained the Chinese text. Now the English translation is added. Therefore the page gets too long and may exceed the database space for each webpage one day. In order to avoid this, the text now is split into 5 sections. You can jump directly to the sections here:<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN]] with discussion table/list of terms<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_1]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_2]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_3]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_4]]<br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> == '''Discussiontable''' ==<br /> <br /> …for a consistent translation of:<br /> - names of places, people etc <br /> - titles of literary, historical works<br /> - technical terms<br /> - quotes<br /> - idioms, figures of speech<br /> <br /> (Please record here recurring words with the respective translation, your name, date and comments, if there are any. You may also suggest and discuss changes.)<br /> <br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Chin. Origial''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Translation''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Date/Translator''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Comments''' <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> ====白婷 Bai Ting====<br /> <br /> 现在，面对着擅自转卖棚圈扶贫指标的事情，代小飞又陷入了沉默。一个声音在他的耳边敲小鼓，——你抛家舍业出来干扶贫，辛辛苦苦不容易，还没有干出大成绩，让人背后一马鞭抽你脑袋上，最低也得半年能治好，若是这些人混不吝，集体往上给你写封检举信，最起码你得澄清一阵子 ，反正这些人也有其他收入，最终脱贫也没大问题，退一步地阔天宽，随他们去得了；另一个强有力的声音在他的耳边敲大鼓——一个党员干部的使命担当大于一切，捍卫国家的法律和党的政策，就应该无私无畏。经过反复研究，代小飞坚决果断拍板，扣发了这些人家的棚圈专项补助金。又因人而异，重新施策，给贫困户兑现了其它脱贫项目。 <br /> 一个绿草如茵，蓝天白云，清风送爽的乌兰布统景区，重新绽放出无比魅力。后来，嘎查举办了第一届牧民运动会，李生宝两口子分别都得了冠军，发奖的时候代小飞和他们俩说，你们两口子这是要把金牌包揽回家呀，给你们点个赞，那李生宝十分不好意思，他说对不起了代苏木达，那天喝了点，你别往心里去。这事就算是过去了。<br /> <br /> Now, confronted with the unauthorized resale of poverty-alleviation indicators to build a barn, Dai Xiaofei fell silent again. A voice was beating a small drum in his ear, saying, &quot;it's not easy for you to leave home to help the poor. Before making some achievements, you suffered from a riding whip on your head in the back, which would cure you in at least six months. If these people don't hesitate to collectively write a letter of accusation against you, you should clarify it for a while. Anyway, these people have other incomes to get rid of poverty without trouble eventually. Let them go.&quot; Another powerful voice was beating a big drum in his ear, saying, &quot;a Party official whose responsibility (to defend the country's laws and Party policies) is more important than anything else should be selfless and fearless.&quot; After repeated research, Dai decided to withhold the special subsidy for these families to build barns. He also implemented new policies based on the consideration of different people to fulfill other anti-poverty projects for poor households. <br /> Ulan Butong, a scenic spot with green grass, blue sky, white clouds, and cool breeze, was again blooming with inimitable charm. Later, Gacha held the first herders' sports meeting in which Li Shengbao and his wife respectively won the championships. When awarding the prizes, Dai Xiaofei said to them, &quot;you two were going to take all the gold medals, and I gave you a thumbs up.&quot; Li Shengbao was ashamed and said, &quot;Dai Sumuda, I am sorry for what I did on that day when I had a drink. Don't take it personally, and just let it go.&quot;<br /> <br /> Now, confronted with the unauthorized resale of poverty-alleviation indicators to build a barn, Dai Xiaofei fell silent again. A voice was beating a small drum in his ear, saying, &quot;it's not easy for you to leave home and get away from your work to help the poor. Before making some achievements, you suffered from a riding whip on your head in the back, which would cure you in at least six months. If these people don't hesitate to collectively write a letter of accusation against you , you should clarify it for a while. Anyway, these people have other incomes to get rid of poverty without trouble eventually. Take a step back let them go.&quot; Another powerful voice was beating a big drum in his ear, saying, &quot;a Party official whose responsibility (to defend the country's laws and Party policies) is more important than anything else should be selfless and fearless.&quot; After repeated research, Dai decided to withhold the special subsidy for these families to build barns. He also implemented new policies based on the consideration of different people to fulfill other anti-poverty projects for poor households. Ulan Butong, a scenic spot with green grass, blue sky, white clouds, and cool breeze, was again blooming with inimitable charm. Later, Gacha held the first herders' sports meeting in which Li Shengbao and his wife respectively won the championships. When awarding the prizes, Dai Xiaofei said to them, &quot;you two were going to take all the gold medals, and I gave you a thumbs up.&quot; Li Shengbao was ashamed and said, &quot;Dai Sumuda, I am sorry for what I did on that day when I had a drink. Don't take it personally, and just let it go.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====蔡思 Cai Si====<br /> <br /> 这件事，确立了代小飞在老百姓眼中公平端正、坚持原则的形象，也让代小飞觉得，自己被动地上了一课。基层的工作看似没有大事，其实件件都是大事，必须办好办实，稍一放松，就有可能给以后的工作带来难以拔腿的泥沼。为什么那么多贫困户不愿意在家院子里修棚圈，舍饲牛羊？无疑是缺乏生态环保的观念。他想起来了，来到黄芩塔拉，随便和村民聊天，都会有人告诉他——我们见过钱，老天爷给过我们好日子，那时候我们卖羊卖牛的钱，多的都像抱着一对双儿孩子似地抱着回家。其实他们并不知道，从另一个角度看，那是超载放牧的结果，六亩草场只能放一只羊，六十亩草场只能放一头牛，你非要在六亩草场里放六只羊，在六十亩草场里放六头牛，你头脚抱着钱回家，后脚草场就沙化了，风刮过来，黄沙就起来了，你发个两三年财，你看家的财富之源就消失了。这么一个苦恼的悖论，村民们一时是想不明白的，现在你让他们把牛羊赶回圈里养着，每年一头牛花很多的饲料钱，他们当然不愿意干，他们就愿意赶着一大群羊，像白云那样在草原上游动，走到哪里吃到那里，省钱又省力。岂不知，这种貌似与过去一样的 逐水草而游牧，看上去很美，却可以放纵人们趋利的欲望，任其下去，草原的每一寸的土地上都会站满牲畜，所有的小草将不复存在。每到春草发绿的时候，苏木和村两委的干部须到进入草原的路口站岗，拦截四面八方任意进入草原的畜群，政府好心好意给当地牧民盖棚圈，他们并不从心里领受，宁可收取一点现金，转手他人。再也不能让这种情形继续下去了，否则，乌兰布统完全有可能成为另一个科尔沁沙地。<br /> <br /> It made Dai Xiaofei establish an image of fairness and adherence to principles in the eyes of the people, and also made Dai feel that he was taught a lesson passively . The grass-roots work may not seem like a big deal, but in fact everything is a big deal, and it must be done well, a little relaxation may bring a quagmire in the future work. Why are so many poor households unwilling to build sheds and raise cattle and sheep in their yards? Undoubtedly, they lack of ecological and environmental-protection consciousness.He remembered that when he went to Huangqin Tara to chat with the villagers casually, someone would always tell him that ---- we have seen money, God has given us a good life, at that time we sold sheep and cattle, and the money we made from selling sheep and cattle was carried home like a pair of twin children.In fact, they don't know that from another point of view it is the result of overgrazing, six acres of pasture can only herd one sheep, sixty acres of pasture can only herd one cattle, you have to herd six sheep in six acres of pasture, six cattle in sixty acres of pasture, the grassland will be sandy as soon as you go home with money, when the wind blows over the yellow sand will rise, you can only build your fortune in two or three years , and the source of wealth for your family will disappear.The villagers could not understand such a distressing paradox for a while. Now you ask them to drive the cattle and sheep back into the barn. It costs a lot of fodder to raise a cow for a year. Of course they don’t want to do it. They are willing to drive a large flock of sheep herd them wherever they go, swim on the grassland like a white cloud,it saves money and effort. They don”t know that this seemingly nomadic herding of water and grass as in the past, although it looks beautiful but can indulge people's desire for profit, and if it goes on, every inch of the steppe will be crowded with livestock, and all the grass will no longer exist. Every time the spring grass turns green, the cadres of the two committees in Sumuhe village must stand guard at the intersection entering the grassland must stand guard at the intersection of entering the grassland in order to intercept the herds that enter the grassland arbitrarily from all directions. The government build barns for local herders with good intentions, but they do not receive it from their hearts, preferring to transfer it to others to collect a little cash. This situation cannot be allowed to continue, otherwise Ulaanbutong may become another Korqin Sandy Land.<br /> <br /> It made Dai Xiaofei establish his image in the eyes of people, a man of justice and principles, and also made Dai feel that he was taught a lesson passively. The grass-roots work may not seem like a big deal, but in fact everything is a big deal, and it must be done well. A little lax is very likely to bring you into a quagmire in the future work. Why are so many poor households unwilling to build sheds and raise cattle and sheep in their yards? Undoubtedly, they lack of ecological protection awareness. He recalled that when he came to Huangqin Tala to chat with the villagers casually, someone would always tell him that ---- we have seen money, God has given us a good life, and at that time the money we made from selling sheep and cattle was carried home as much as like twin babies. In fact, they don't know that from another perspective it is the result of overgrazing. Six acres of pasture can only herd one sheep and sixty acres of pasture can only herd one cow. If you insisted on herding six sheep in six acres of pasture and six cows in sixty acres of pasture, the grassland would go desertification as soon as you go home with money. When the wind blows over, the yellow sand will rise. You can only build your fortune in two or three years, and the source of wealth for your family will disappear. The villagers could not understand such a distressing paradox for a while. Now you ask them to drive the cattle and sheep back into the barn. It costs a lot of fodder to raise a cow for a year. Of course they don’t want to do it. They are willing to drive a large flock of sheep to stroll on the grassland like a white cloud and graze them as they do. It saves money and labor. They don’t know that this seemingly nomadic herding of water and grass as in the past, although it looks beautiful but can indulge people's desire for profit, and if it goes on, every inch of the steppe will be crowded with livestock, and all the grass will no longer exist. Every time the spring grass turns green, Sumu along with the cadres of the two committees need to stand guard at the intersection of the entrance of the grassland to intercept the herds that enter the grassland arbitrarily from all directions. The government build barns for local herders with good intentions, but they do not receive it from their hearts, preferring to transfer it to others to collect a little cash. This situation cannot be allowed to continue, otherwise Wulan Butong may become another Horqin Sandy Land.<br /> <br /> ====陈婧 Chen Jing ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 作为一个在内蒙古长大的青年人，代小飞自幼就知道，游牧文明就是珍惜草原的文明，知道传统的游牧生产，不超载，牲畜移动着吃草，不践踏草场，既可以保护一方水土，又可以养活一方人，是天人合一的大境界。<br /> <br /> As a young man who grew up in Inner Mongolia, Dai Xiaofei has known since childhood that nomadic civilization is the one that cherishes the grasslands and that traditional nomadic production won’t be overloaded and livestock move to graze without trampling pastures, which can preserve the grasslands and the water and support the nomads’ lives as well. This is a great realm of the unity of heaven and man.<br /> <br /> 而现实中，乌兰布统为什么会出现如此逆天而行的现象？关键点症结就是，人们还没有找到一个好的致富产业。总书记说过，绿水青山，就是金山银山。一定要守住乌兰布统草原的好生态，绝不可以把脱贫攻坚和生态保护对立起来，那么，使这两者统一起来的致富之道在哪里？<br /> <br /> However, why does Wulan Butong appear such anti-nature phenomenon in reality? The crux of it is that people haven’t found an appropriate profitable industry yet. The General Secretary said that lucid waters and green mountains are invaluable assets. We must keep the green ecology of Wulan Butong Grassland and must avoid the opposition between poverty eradication and ecological protection. So where is the way to get these two sides united to get wealth?<br /> <br /> 在赤峰的其他旗县，为了脱贫攻坚，政府可以给贫困户提供诸多产业项目，任由人们根据自家情况进行选择，你说是入股种杂粮啊，种中草药还是经营大棚蔬菜种植啊，或者到各种企业打工啊，都可以取得达到尽快脱贫指标的收益，而在黄芩塔拉呢？黄芩是一种中药，塔拉就是草原，这里曾是长满中药材的地域，但是一旦在草原挖掘中草药，那后果就像在大地上割开无数口子，结果是十分可怕的，而种地，就意味着开荒，显然也是不行的。草原唯一可以利用的就是美景资源，而开发旅游在乌兰布统也有将近二十年的历史了，其中有多少经验又有多少教训，是一个值得思考的问题。<br /> <br /> In other banners and counties in Chifeng, in order to fight against poverty, the government can provide many industrial projects for poor households, and people can choose according to their own situation. You can choose to cultivate grains, herbal medicine or choose to run greenhouse vegetable cultivation, or work in various enterprises, all of which can achieve the basic income to get out of poverty as soon as possible. How about in Huangqin Tala? Huangqin is a kind of Chinese medicine and Tala is the grassland which was inundated by Chinese herbs. But once we start to dig herbs in the grassland, it would turn out to be terrifying like cutting slits on the ground. And farming which means reclamation is apparently infeasible. The only thing available of the grassland is the resources of beautiful sceneries. And Wulan Butong has nearly twenty years of history in tourism development. How much experience and how many lessons there are questions worthwhile to think about.<br /> <br /> ====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====<br /> <br /> 黄芩塔拉嘎查离乌兰布统苏木所在地七十公里，道路是自然路，早上七点出发，九点钟才能到村里，赶上阴天下雨，刮风下雪，路就不能走了，所以代小飞到黄钦塔拉当了驻村第一书记后，一直住在村里，村委会没有房子，他就带着工作队的同志，住进了一户村民的家里，按规定交了伙食费，每天吃这家主妇做的家常饭，说老实话，自己生活上的再多的不适应也顾不上多想了，他每天听到最多的一是嘎查的饮用水不达标，出井就是黄汤子，好像兑了一半酱油，苦涩难咽；另一个就是村民的住房几乎无一可以说得过去，全部是多年的旧土房，冷暖不保，还有倒塌危险。<br /> 大自然非常奇异，在黄芩塔拉两公里之外的东窝棚自然村，地下水完全是另一种样子，清澈，甘甜，黄钦塔拉人盼了几十年，这最后两公里的问题始终没有解决，饮水入村，更待何时！代小飞急了，立刻向苏木党委做了汇报，通过苏木向旗水利局申请，向对口单位求助，一听说给老百姓接水，所到之处都伸出来援助之手，很快水就引到了老百姓的厨房里。<br /> <br /> HuangQin Tara Gacha is 70 kilometers away from Ulan Butong Sumu, and the road between the two places is naturally formed. Starting at seven o 'clock in the morning and arriving at the village at nine o 'clock, the road becomes impassable when it is cloudy and rainy, windy and snowy. So, Dai Xiaofei has been living in the village since he became the first village secretary of HuangQin TaLaGaCha. The village committee has no house, so he takes the comrades of the work team, living in a villager's house. They pay the food fee according to the regulations and eat the home-cooked meals cooked by the housewife every day. To be honest, no matter how much he does not adapt to his life, he does not think about it too much. One of the things he heard most every day is that the drinking water in the village is not up to standard. The water out of the well is yellow, as if it has been mixed with half of the soy sauce, which is bitter and difficult to swallow. Another is that almost none of the villagers' houses can be said to be acceptable. All of them are old earth houses, which cannot be used to keep cool in summer and warm in winter and are even in danger of collapse. Nevertheless, nature is very mysterious. In Dongwopeng Natural Village, two kilometers away from HuangQin Tara, the underground water is completely different, clear and sweet. People in HuangQin TaLaGaCha have been looking forward to the water for decades, but the problem of the last two kilometers has not been solved. When will water be brought to the village? Dai Xiaofei felt anxious, immediately made a report to the Sumu Party Committee, applied to the Water Conservancy Bureau through the Sumu Party Committee and asked the counterpart for help. Wherever they went, as soon as heard of getting water for the villagers, all the people lent a helping hand, and soon the water was brought to the villagers' kitchens.<br /> <br /> ====陈思阳 Chen Siyang====<br /> <br /> 2016年，自治区要求解决牧区农村居住环境的改造问题，三个月内完成施工任务。当时作为副苏木达，还承担着这项工作任务。由于道路不好走，施工用料运入十分困难，代小飞每天起早贪黑，和施工方一起在工地上现场办公，出现问题立即解决，他整个人晒得黢黑，也消瘦了很多，一次回旗里开会，妻子第一眼都没认出他来。别人看不见的是，他的脚疾眼中，指甲往肉里长，痛的钻心，他总是等大家都睡了，一个人悄悄上药治疗，白天依然大步流星地在工地上奔走。 <br /> 洁净甘甜的水引来了，新村建起来了，老乡们高兴地心劲也起来了，纷纷想辙致富。他们说代苏木达是真心为了咱们办实事，把代小飞当做亲人，也当做了依靠。这时候，代小飞被组织上提拔为苏木人大主任，回苏木去了，黄钦塔拉的老乡们看着他汽车的背影，立刻没了精神。时隔几天，代小飞突然出现村委会的办公室里，他告诉大家 ，自己还继续任黄钦塔拉嘎查第一书记，完成脱贫攻坚的决胜之战。刹那间，人群里爆发了热烈的掌声，不知道何时汇聚到村委会的乡亲们流出了真情的眼泪。他们说，代书记这个老百姓的贴心人，又回来了，我们真高兴！<br /> <br /> <br /> In 2016, the autonomous region required to solve the problem of rural residential environment transformation in pastoral areas and complete the construction task within three months. At that time, as Deputy Sumuda, he also undertook this task. Due to the tough road, it is difficult to transport construction materials. Dai Xiaofei works from dawn to night everyday with the construction party on the site so as to solve problems once they occurred. He was richly sunburned and thin, and his wife didn’t recognize him at first sight when he returned to flag for a meeting. What others can't see is that his nails grow into the flesh and hurt deeply in the eyes of his foot disease, and the pain pierces the heart. He always waits for everyone to sleep, secretly applies medicine, and still strides on the construction site during the day. With clear and sweet water and new-built village, villages were very happy and found ways to be rich. They said Dai Sumuda did practical things for them sincerely, and they has regarded Dai Xiaofei as a family member and a dependency. At this time, Dai Xiaofei was promoted by the organization to be the director of the National People's Congress of Sumu, and went back to Sumu. The villagers of Huang Qintala looked at his car and lost their spirit immediately. A few days later, Dai Xiaofei suddenly appeared in the office of the village committee. He told everyone that he continued to be the first secretary of Huang Qintala gacha and completed the decisive battle to fight against poverty. In a flash, the crowd burst into applause, and the villagers gathered at the village committee at some time shed tears. They said that Dai Secretary, a close friend of the people, is back again. We are so happy!<br /> <br /> ====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi ====<br /> <br /> 代小飞作为主管扶贫的副苏木达，他经常在各个嘎查间调研，到各个跑马场和旅游经营者、服务人员交流，甚至跟着羊群的后面进入草原上，他终于搞清楚了，貌似红红火火的旅游经营，事实上还存在着许多漏洞，第一，跑马场太多了，恶性竞争的风险潜在多时，跑马场里马太多，已经过度践踏了草场，导致局部沙化，各种违建旅游设施鳞次栉比，严重影响了当地生态环境，从村民角度看，有劳动力的牧民可以到旅游马场做骑行牵马服务，获得一些收入，有财力的牧民可以买几匹马到跑马场入股分红，可是最贫困的人家，尤其是那些老弱病残的家庭，并没有从当地日渐火热的旅游业中获得任何利益，他们的两不愁三保障的问题仍然没有解决。<br /> <br /> As the vice Sumuda who majorly engages in poverty alleviation, Dai Xiaofei often did research at each gacha, came to each racetrack to communicate with tourism operators and service personnel, he even followed the sheep into the grassland. Finally, he figured it out, the tourist business here seemed to be thriving, but in fact, there are many loopholes: first, there are too many racetracks so the risk of vicious competition has existed potentially for a long time. And there are too many horses in racetracks, having excessively trampled the grassland, which leads to partial desertification, and various illegal tourist facilities, seriously impacting on the local ecological environment. From the perspective of the villagers, nomads who have a labor force can work for tourist racetracks to lead horses to earn some money; those who have enough money can buy a few horses to buy a share at racetracks; however, the poorest households, especially the ones of the old and the sick, who never benefited from the growing popularity of local tourism, they haven’t got access to “two assurances and three guarantees” yet.<br /> <br /> As the deputy in charge of poverty alleviation, Dai Xiaofei often conducted research at each gacha, went to each racetrack to communicate with tourism operators and service personnel, and even followed the sheep into the grassland. He finally figured out that there were still many loopholes in the seemingly prosperous tourism operation. First, there were too many racecourse, and the risk of vicious competition was latent for a long time.There are too many horses in the racecourse, which has overtraged the grassland, resulting in partial desertification, and there are many illegal tourist facilities, which seriously affect the local ecological environment. From the perspective of the villagers, herdsmen with labor can work for tourist racetracks to lead horses to get some income, and herdsmen with financial resources can buy a few horses to the racetracks to get a share of profits; however, the poorest households, especially the ones of the old and the sick, who never benefited from the growing popularity of local tourism, haven’t got access to “two assurances and three guarantees” yet.<br /> 小红山子嘎查的贫困户张凤英就是一个典型的例子，她丈夫四十五岁肝硬化去世，大女儿脊柱侧歪，两个病人把这个家庭带入了贫困的深渊，谁知手术后的大女儿一家，又突遇车祸，还需要张凤英帮助。她家里有二百四十亩草场，每年可以获得一千三百五十元钱的草场补贴，又在国家扶贫项目款的支持下，买了一匹马，入到旅游点经营分红，但是由于自己的身体和家境情况，她再不能通过其劳动方式获得收益，因此脱贫问题没有解决。<br /> <br /> Zhang Fengying, a poor household in Xiaohongshanzi gacha, is a typical example. Her husband died of cirrhosis of the liver at the age of 45, and her eldest daughter had scoliosis. They two brought this family into the abyss of poverty. No one could imagine that the family of her eldest daughter got in a sudden car accident after her operation, they even needed help from Zhang Fengying. They have 240 mu of grassland, which benefits them with a subsidy of 1,350 yuan each year, and with the supporting money of the national poverty alleviation project, they bought a horse so that they bought a share at a tourist racetrack. However, due to her body condition and family situation, she could no longer make money through other labor work. Therefore, their poverty issue hasn’t been solved.<br /> <br /> Zhang Fengying, a poor household in Xiaohongshanzi gacha, is a typical example. They two brought this family into the abyss of poverty. Who knows that the eldest daughter's family got in a sudden car accident after her operation, they even needed help from Zhang Fengying. They have 240 mu of grassland, which benefits them with a subsidy of 1,350 yuan each year, and with the support of the national poverty alleviation project, she bought a horse and went to a tourist spot to operate it as a dividend. However, due to her health and family condition, she can no longer earn income through labor, so the problem of poverty alleviation has not been solved.<br /> <br /> ====丁粤 Ding Yue====<br /> <br /> 为此，代小飞领着苏木干部和工作队成员，在旅游区走了四天，挨家挨户向旅游宾馆的老板们化缘。事情正如他们事前的预料，不顺利。你一提赞助贫困户，有的老板就说了，出钱可以，但我们的钱来得的也不容易，领导给点政策吧。一问要什么政策，他便狮子大开口，给我们减免景区门票吧。代小飞知道，如果减免了，他们家的旅游点会涌来很多客人，但集体的收益就要受损失；还有的老板，要求乡政府给修污水处理设施，解决经营性难题，代小飞说，我目前能给你解决的，就是在旗里的媒体上和我们的公众号上给你做做广告，招揽一下生意，结果老板们不干，谈话只得到此终止。<br /> <br /> To this end, Dai Xiaofei led cadres and team members of Sumu Gacha to walk in the tourist area for four days, begging for alms from door to door from the bosses of tourist hotels. As they had expected, things were not going well. As soon as you mentioned sponsoring poor households, some boss said that we can donate money, but our money was hard won. So leaders should give us some policies. When Dai Xiaofei asked what policy he wanted, he would open his mouth wide. He requested that the tickets to the scenic spot should be reduced or exempted. Dai Xiaofei knew that if the tickets were exempted, many guests would come to their tourist spots, but the collective income would decrease; Another boss asked the township government to repair the sewage treatment facilities and solve their operational problems. Dai Xiaofei said that what I can solve for you now is to advertise for you on the media of the flag and on our official account to attract business. As a result, the bosses did not agree, and the conversation ended.<br /> <br /> 就在即将空手而归的时候，他们走进了郭宏明的宾馆，一进去感觉就不一样，敞亮大气，各种设施优质精细，每一个细节都像长远做事儿的样子。郭宏明没有二话，说，要多少吧，应该的。后来，郭宏明一口气签下了三份扶助合同，直接帮助三户贫困户三年，每户三千元， 从2016年到现在，只要扶贫方面有什么需求，他总是第一个慷慨解囊。2019年世界减贫学习班，在赤峰市举办，来自非洲贫困地区的学员，到乌兰布统参观，又是郭宏明出资，免费为这个团队提供了丰盛的午餐。郭宏明说，这是广告，让朋友们尝尝我们草原上的美食，通过舌尖的记忆把我们中国的乌兰木统草原的美和好传播出去。有郭宏明带头，通过苏木反复做工作，终于将旅游十七家企业组织起来，成立了乌兰布统旅游协会， 互相协调，直接帮助贫困户十八家，为苏木脱贫攻坚贡献了力量。<br /> <br /> When they were about to return with empty hand, they walked into Guo Hongming's hotel. Once they entered, they had different feelings. The hotel was bright and magnificent. All kinds of facilities were fine and of high quality. Every detail seemed to illustrate the promising future of his career. Guo Hongming didn't say anything else. He just said, &quot;How much do you want? It should be our duty to offer help&quot;. Later, Guo Hongming signed three assistance contracts in one breath and directly helped three poor households for three years. He donated 3000 yuan to each poor household. From 2016 to this moment, he has always been the first to give generously whenever there is a need for poverty alleviation. The 2019 World Poverty Reduction Workshop was held in Chifeng City. Students from poor areas in Africa visited Ulan Butong, and it was Guo Hongming who made pavement and provided a sumptuous lunch for the students. Guo Hongming said that this is an advertisement to let the foreign friends taste the delicious food on our grassland and we could spread the beauty and kindness of China's Ulan BuTong grassland through the memory of the tip of the tongue. Guo Hongming took the lead in organizing 17 tourism enterprises in Sumu Gacha through repeated efforts, and established Ulan Butong Tourism Association whose members coordinated with each other and directly helped 18 poor households, contributing to Sumu's poverty alleviation.<br /> <br /> ====付静 Fu Jing====<br /> <br /> 黄芩塔拉的的村民纷纷摘掉了贫困户的帽子，代小飞代表镇政府把一面锦旗送到了郭宏明的宾馆。郭宏明上台讲话，他说我1991年入党，是个老党员，就应该全心全意为人民做事，再说了，我在当地经营，没有大家的共同富裕，哪有我的富裕……这话把代小飞听得心热，眼泪止不住地就流了出来。<br /> 经过扶贫攻坚这一历史性的决战，乌拉布统苏木已是美丽与发展双赢，生活和生态和谐，黄芩塔拉嘎查更是旧貌变新颜。“我们的生活比以前好很多，多亏代苏木达为大家找出路”，“为人民办实事”“老百姓的贴心人”“代苏木达人真不错”这是常从百姓口中听到的对他的评价。<br /> <br /> After the villagers of Huangcentala Gacha were lifted out of poverty, Dai Xiaofei, on behalf of the township government, delivered a pennant to Guo Hongming’s hotel. Mr. Guo took the stage to deliver his speech. “I joined the party in 1991”, he said, “as a party veteran, doing things for the people with all my hearts is my responsibility. Besides, as a local business operator, without common prosperity for everyone, how can I achieve my enrichment...” These words warmed Dai Xiaofei from the bottom of his heart and brought tears to his eyes. After the historic decisive battle of poverty alleviation, Ulabutong Sumu has achieved a win-win situation of ecological beauty and economic development as well as a harmonious state of human life and ecological environment. What is more, past scenes have been transformed in Huangcentala Gacha. Thus, praise from villagers for Mr. Dai could often be heard, such as &quot;Our life is much better than before, thanks to Dai Sumuda for finding a way out for everyone.&quot;, &quot;He is doing practical things for the people.&quot;, &quot;He is a caring person.&quot;, and &quot;Dai Sumuda is really good&quot;.<br /> <br /> ====高燕 Gao Yan====<br /> <br /> 铁打的女人魏淑利<br /> <br /> Wei Shuli-a woman who has a strong will<br /> <br /> 男人们回到家 ，呼哧呼哧吞进去两大碗饭，便一心无挂地倒头睡去。是的，他们真的太累了。其实，营子里还有比他们更累的人，那就是铁打的女人们 。 <br /> 脱贫攻坚开始了，在致富的道路上，女人们心怀世上最朴素的真理——幸福的生活靠劳动创造 ，挺起了柔弱的肩膀，咬定青山不放松，不断地给自己加重量，加勇气，主内也主外，生活和创业两不误，一步步拉住了梦想的手。 <br /> 在赤峰草原山地那些贫困的营子里，我看到了这样一种生活。<br /> “种黄瓜茄子时，大棚的温度要高一些，最低19－20度，最高可以到30度，种西红柿时，大棚的温度要低1-2度。尖椒棚能种豆角，西红柿棚不能种豆角，容易得白粉病。一个白粉虱一夜能产几千只卵，能毁掉一垄菜……”宁城县哈尔脑村的建档立卡特贫困户毕迎立家的女主人魏淑利，通过从事阳光温室种植，于2019年摘掉了贫困户帽子，也成了阳光温室种植蔬菜的高手。面对我的采访，她说得头头是道。<br /> 在宁城县，日光温室大棚一座连着一座，把每一个村子，每一个乡镇都连了起来。发展设施农业，是宁城县脱贫攻坚的成功之路。时至初冬，外面的世界已经是枯黄色的了，风冷飕飕的，夹杂着一点小雪。我们推开种植大棚的门，一股暖风和满眼绿色扑面而来。魏淑利从枝壮叶盛的西红柿秧子丛中走出来，手上沾着泥土，她正在开闸浇灌这些成长中的秧苗。<br /> <br /> When the men came home, they would gobble two bowls of rice and then lie down to sleep. Yeah, they're really tired. In fact, there are people in the camp who are more tired than them, that is, the women who have strong will. The initiative of Poverty eradication has begun. On the road to wealth, women have the simplest truth in the world-a happy life is created by labor. They have straightened up their weak shoulders, stayed tenacious like a bamboo deeply rooted in the rocks and did not relax. They have continuously added weight and encouraged themselves. They did the household chores inside and worked outside. They neglected neither entrepreneurship nor life. They have held the hand of their dreams step by step.<br /> I saw such a life in the poor camps in the grasslands and mountains of Chifeng. &quot;When we planted cucumbers and eggplants, the temperature in the greenhouse should be higher, with a minimum of 19-20 degrees and a maximum of 30 degrees. When we planted tomatoes, the temperature in the greenhouse should be 1-2 degrees lower than the average. Pepper shed can grow beans, tomato shed can not grow beans, easy to get powdery mildew. One whitefly can lay thousands of eggs a night and destroy a row of vegetables<br /> Wei Shuli, the hostess of Bi Yingli, a poor household in Harnao Village, Ningcheng County, got out of poverty in 2019 by engaging in sunshine greenhouse planting, and became an expert in planting vegetables in sunshine greenhouse. In the face of my interview, she spoke eloquently. In Ningcheng County, solar greenhouses are connected one by one, connecting every village and every town. Developing facility agriculture is a successful way for Ningcheng County to get rid of poverty. It was early winter, and the outside world was a dry yellow, with a chill wind and a little snow. We pushed open the door of the greenhouse, and a warm wind and green came to our eyes. Wei Shu-li walked from the lush tomato seedlings, her hands stained with mud, as she turned on the floodgates to water the growing plants.<br /> <br /> ====关娜 Guan Na====<br /> <br /> 说起脱贫以前的生活，眼泪浸透满了魏淑利的眼睛 。<br /> 魏淑利和她的丈夫都是农村青年，当初结婚，真的是手无分文，只靠着每年种十二亩旱地为生。2014年他们还没有自己的住房，每年花四千元，租住在一间商场的间壁房里，间壁墙是木板的，一到冬天，风呼呼地吹进屋，大人孩子半夜常常被冻醒。 <br /> 在赤峰农村，一般是一对夫妻两个孩子，人们最理想的是一儿一女。如此这般，一个家庭里便有了知道疼父母的小棉袄，也有了支撑门户的顶梁柱。毕迎立和魏淑利的第一个孩子是个女儿，当魏淑利第二次怀孕的时候，他们期盼着生个儿子，这也是人之常情。没想到魏淑利的第二胎是一对儿可爱的双胞胎女儿。魏淑利跟我讲，这两个孩子小时候身体不好，三天两头生病，有点流感什么的，这对双胞胎一准儿摊上，镇医院的门槛都要被她们娘几个给踏破了，可想而知他们这个家庭的压力有多大。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====<br /> <br /> 当魏淑利发现自己第二次怀上了双胞胎的时候，她和丈夫并没有喜出望外的感觉，相反变得愁眉不展。上一对双胞胎生出来到养大，全靠亲戚朋友帮忙，东借西凑，再来一对双胞胎可怎么是好啊？医生严肃的告诉他们，魏淑利已经做过阑尾炎等三次手术，加上年龄偏大，只能顺其自然了。结果，这一对双胞胎只保住了一个男孩。<br /> 四个孩子的吃穿用度，加上出生时的医疗费，把这个家彻底压垮了。<br /> 改革开放已经快四十年了，在中国农村，虽然还有相当多的贫困人口，但是吃不上饭的人家基本没有了。魏淑利告诉我，当时我们家真是到了吃了上顿愁下顿的程度。<br /> 屋漏偏逢连阴雨。2005年，毕迎立到天津打工，上班第一天，就出了事故。他从在建的十四层楼上摔了下来，还算幸运，落在了钢筋的空隙里，保住了性命，不幸的是，造成了两根肋骨骨折，不能工作养家了。<br /> 由于多次手术和长期的超负荷劳动，这个六口之家唯一的劳动力魏淑利，也患上了腰间盘突出症和高血压症，由于长期使用激素，在一定程度上消损了她原本年轻健康的体质。她看上去挺胖，实际上很虚，动不动就一头汗水。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====<br /> <br /> 这一对夫妻看看身边四个没有长大的孩子，满心都是忧愁。怎么办？能帮助他们的亲戚已经竭尽所能了，该想的办法都想过了，家里就要过不下去了。那时候真是想死都死不起啊，魏淑利流着眼泪说。都说再苦不能苦孩子，再穷不能不让孩子上学。可是到了这个份上，一切自己都无法说了算，你拿什么去实现这个“不能”？就是在这种“不能”的生活中 ，大女儿不知道什么时候长大了，每天给她的饭钱，原本很少，她宁可饿着也不肯花，省下来到晚上放学，给急需营养的小弟弟买一根小香肠；为了分担母亲的压力，她决定去考职业学校，这样就可以早一些参加工作，挣到钱。十七岁的她，正值爱美爱玩花季。别的女同学放了学，就扎堆在小超市里，买各种喜欢吃的零食，选各好玩又漂亮的小饰品，而魏淑利的大女儿放学总是立即回到家，因为事情多得做不完 她要辅导两个妹妹的功课，还要洗全家的衣服，帮助妈妈做饭。而那一对双胞胎姐妹，也显得比同龄的孩子懂事很多，她们从不向爸爸妈妈要零嘴吃，家里吃饭的时候，她们说不爱吃肉，其实是想把那一点点肉，留给受伤的爸爸；就连家里最小的弟弟，在外面看着别人家孩子吃零食的时候，明明嘴里的垂涎要出来了，也知道赶紧扭过头去。<br /> <br /> The couple looked at their four children around them who had not grown up and were filled with sorrow. How should they do? The relatives who could help them had done everything they could. The family would not be able to survive. “At that time, I couldn't even stand to die.” Wei Shuli said through tears. It is said that no matter how hard the life is, the children should be taken care well, and no matter how poor the family is, children should go to school. But to this point, all the things are uncontrollable. What can you do to meet that standard? Is in this kind of hard life, the eldest daughter somehow grew up. Her meal money in every day, originally was very little. She would rather be hungry than to spend the money. She save them to the evening after school, and buy a small sausage to the little brother in need of nutrition; In order to share her mother's pressure, she decided to enroll in a vocational school so that she could start work early and earn money. When seventeen years old, she was in the age of playing and make-up. Other girls would gather in small supermarkets after school to buy all kinds of favorite snacks and choose interesting and beautiful trinkets. However, Wei Shuli's eldest daughter always came home immediately after school because she had to help her two younger sisters with their homework, wash the family's clothes and help her mother cook. And the twin sisters, also appear to be a lot more sensible than the children of their same age. They never ask mom and dad to buy snacks. When eating at home, they would say they do not love meat. In fact, they want to give that little bit of meat to their injured father; Even the youngest brother in the family would quickly turn his head away when watching other children eating snacks outside, though the saliva in his mouth is clearly about to come out.<br /> <br /> The couple looked at their four children around them who had not grown up yet and were absorbed in sorrow. What should they do? The relatives who could help them had done whatever they could. The family would not be able to live smoothly. “At that time, I couldn't even stand to die.” Wei Shuli said with tears flowing. It is said that no matter how hard life is, the children should be taken care of well, and no matter how poor the family is, children should finish their education. But to this extent, all things were uncontrollable. What could you do to meet that standard? Was in this kind of hard life, the eldest daughter somehow grew up. Her meal money every day originally was very little. She would rather be hungry than spend the money. She saved them until the evening after school to buy a small sausage for her little brother who was in urgent need of nutrition; To share her mother's pressure, she decided to enroll in a vocational school so that she could start work early and earn money. At seventeen years old, she was the age of playing and making up. Other girls would gather in small supermarkets after school to buy all kinds of favorite snacks and choose interesting and beautiful trinkets. However, Wei Shuli's eldest daughter always came home immediately after school because she had to help her two younger sisters with their homework, wash the family's clothes, and help her mother cook. And the twin sisters also appeared to be a lot more sensible than the children of their same age. They never asked their parents to buy snacks. When eating at home, they would say they do not like eating meat. They wanted to give that little bit of meat to their injured father; Even the youngest brother in the family would quickly turn his head away when watching other children eating snacks outside, though the saliva in his mouth was apparently about to come out.<br /> <br /> ====胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi====<br /> <br /> 魏淑利告诉我：“那时候我们两口子整天都在绝望中，也就是不能死，不能让四个孩子没有爹娘，于是靠着这个想法一天天支撑着活着。要不是脱贫攻坚的各项政策来了，我们还不知道会过成什么样。<br /> 村里来人了，乡里也来人了，第一书记来了，扶贫办的领导也来了。每一个人都不是来嘘寒问暖的，他们实实在在，把我们家的困难问题一项一项厘清分类，与国家的扶贫政策逐一对接起来。你看看，顶数我们家享受的国家政策多了——健康扶贫，建档立卡的贫困户，有医保，还有大病兜底，有钱治病，孩子他爸爸的伤也治好了，孩子们有点毛病，也不用去赊账借钱了，我的身体也到旗医院和市医院治过了，你看这不也能每天开着电动车出去照看大棚、学技术了；现在孩子上学学费全免，还有好几项补助，也不用一到开学的日子，就害怕看孩子们伸出小手要钱了。对了，是异地搬迁的好政策， 把我们一家从连阴天里送到了温暖的日头地儿里来了——2018年，我们做梦都不敢想的事情真的发生了，我们自己仅掏了一万块钱，就得到了九十五平米的易地搬迁楼房，你看，有不断流儿的上下水，有比火墙子还热乎的暖气，还安装上了网络，孩子们学习，我求个医问个药什么的，连门都不用出。俺家那口子伤养好了，又出去到北京打工修地铁去了。搬家的时候，我给他打电话说新房子钥匙到手了，他说你别逗了，真的就要一万块？我说那绝对是真的不是假的，这么大事我能逗你吗。他说，这么快啊，我说，你瞧好吧，不等你回来，我和咱丫头，今个儿就开始搬家，让你过年回来住新房。<br /> <br /> Wei Shuli told me, “We were living in despair at that time, but we couldn’t commit suicide and let our four children be orphans.”,“Then we lived on this faith day by day. If it were not for the various policies to fight poverty, we would not know what our life would be like.” The First Secretary and the leaders of the Poverty Alleviation Office came to the village. Each of them didn’t talk empty words. They sorted out the difficulties in our family one by one and connected them with the national poverty alleviation policies. We benefited from national policies most---health poverty alleviation, registered poverty-stricken households, medical insurance, and basic insurance for major diseases. With money to cure the disease, my husband's injury has been cured and we had no need to borrow the money to treat children’s illnesses. I went to the hospital in the banner hospital and the city hospital as well. Now, I can drive an electric car to look after the greenhouse and learn skills every day; Children are free of school fees, and there are several subsidies. We don't have to be afraid to be asked for money when school starts. The policy of relocation from other places has brought our family from overcast days to warm days. In 2018, something we couldn't dream of happened. We paid only 10,000 yuan and got a 95 square meters relocation house which is equipped with running water, central heating---hotter than the hot wall and network. Children can learn on the Internet and I can even ask doctors for medicine without leaving my home. After my husband healed, he went out to Beijing to work on the subway. When we moved, I told him on the phone that I had the key to the new house. He said, “Don't tease me. It only needs 10000 yuan?” I said, “It was true. How could I tease you about such a big event?”He said, “It's too fast.”I said, “Our daughter and I will start moving recently and you will live in the new house when you come back for this Spring Festival.”<br /> <br /> Wei Shuli told me, “All day we were living in despair at that time, but we couldn’t commit suicide and let our four children be orphans. Then we lived on this faith day by day. If there were not various policies for us to fight poverty, we would not know what our life would be.” The First Secretary and the leaders of the Poverty Alleviation Office, my villages and counties came to my home. Each of them didn’t talk empty words. They sorted out the difficulties in my family one by one and connected them with the national poverty alleviation policies. We benefited from national policies most---health poverty alleviation, registered poverty-stricken households, medical insurance, and basic insurance for severe diseases. With money to cure the disease, my husband's injury has been cured and we didn’t need to borrow the money to treat children’s illnesses. I went to the banner hospital and the city hospital as well. Now, I can drive my electric car to look after the greenhouse and learn skills every day;Schools fees of children are reduced, and there are several subsidies. We don't have to be afraid to be asked for money when school starts. The policy of relocation has brought our family from depressive days to warm days. In 2018, something we never dreamed just happened. We paid only 10,000 yuan and got a 95 square meters relocation house which is equipped with water, heating---hotter than the hot wall, and network. Children can learn on the Internet and I can even see doctors without leaving home. After my husband healed, he went out to Beijing to work for the subway. When we moved, I told him on the phone that I got the key to the new house. He said, “Don't tease me. It only costs 10,000 yuan?” I said, “It iss true. How could I tease you about such a big event?”He said, “It's too fast.”I said, “Our daughters, sons and I will start moving recently and you will live in the new house when you come back for this Spring Festival.”<br /> <br /> ====黄舒威 Huang Shuwei====<br /> <br /> 俺们那口子回来的时候，那激动的心情简直没法儿形容。他上了楼，推开门，就站到原地不动了。他不敢进门，以为进入了别人的家。摸摸墙，墙又光滑又白净，摸摸暖气，热乎乎的，把潮湿的围巾往上一搭，不一会就干了，厨房里，不仅有了自来水，还有了净水器和煤气炉，三个丫头也有了一个单独的房间，室内有了洗澡洗头地方，有了带抽水马桶的卫生间，十分方便。我家那口子乐得两个眼睛眯成了一条线，他把日夜想念的小子丫头们往胸前一搂，用满是胡子的脸蹭着他们的笑脸，眼泪立马就流出来了。他说：“你们都好好地给我长，长大了，也做一个能帮助穷人的人。”<br /> <br /> When my husband came back, his excitement was beyond description. He went upstairs, opened the door, and stood still. Thinking that he had entered the room of someone else, he dared not enter it. He touched the wall, which is smooth and white and then the heating which is warm and can dry the wet scarf for a while. In the kitchen, there is not only tap water, but also a water purifier and gas stove. His three girls also have a separate room. There is a place for bathing and washing the heads, and a toilet with a water closet indoor, which is very convenient. My husband was so happy that his eyes narrowed into a line. He hugged his sons and daughters he missed day and night to his chest. And he rubbed their smiling faces with his bearded face with his tears flowing out immediately. &quot;When you grow up, you should become the ones who can help the poor”, he said.<br /> <br /> When my husband came back, his excitement was beyond description. He stood still after going upstairs and opening the door. He dared not to come in as he thought that he had entered into other’ s house. He touched the wall, which is smooth and white and then the heating which is so warm that the wet scarf can be dried on it only for a while. In the kitchen, there is not only tap water, but also a water purifier and a gas stove. His three girls have their own room. There is a specific place for them to take shower and wash heads, and a toilet with a water closet indoor, which is very convenient. My husband was so happy that his eyes narrowed into lines. He hugged his sons and daughters he missed day and night to his chest, rubbing their smiling faces with his bearded face and bursting into tears immediately. “When you grow up, you should become the ones who can help the poor”, he said to them.<br /> <br /> “转过年，政府号召我们贫困户参与到设施农业中去，这样我们家这种贫困户，就会有造血功能和发展的后劲。我就申请了两个阳光温室，开始种植蔬菜，发展后续产业。”<br /> 一个女人，带着四个孩子，种植两个大棚的蔬菜，家里外头，她一天得有多少活儿要做啊，她的两只手能忙过来吗？<br /> <br /> She said,“In the next year, the government called on the poor families to participate in facility agriculture, so that the poor families like us would have the energy for development. I applied for using two sunlight greenhouses to plant vegetables and develop follow-up industries&quot;. A woman, with four children, grew vegetables in two greenhouses. How much work did she have to do in a day? It wasn’t busy? <br /> <br /> “In the next year, the government called on us poor households to participate in the facility agriculture project, so that the poor families like us would gain energy for development. Then I applied for using two sunlight greenhouses to plant vegetables and develop follow-up industries&quot;. Wei said. A woman, taking care of four children, planted vegetables in two greenhouses at the same time. How much work did she have to do in a day? Could she handle with them by herself?<br /> <br /> 单说料理这两个大棚的西红柿吧，一年种两季，二月保护地育苗，四月下旬定植，六月中、下旬进入采收期，第二季七月份育苗，八月定植，十月开始采收。从第一天种下种籽开始，一直到摘果包装进入市场，蓄水保墒、搭架绑蔓，整枝打杈、通风透光、防治病虫害、温度调节掌控，其中的工序细节，那是一个接一个，一环扣一环，要求管理者像个育婴师一样，从白天呵护着秧苗到黑天，把黑天也当做白天一样使唤，一刻也不能粗心大意，一刻也不能拖拖拉拉。<br /> <br /> Let's just talk about the tomatoes in these two greenhouses. They are planted twice a year. Their seedlings are raised in the protected area in February, and planted in late April. The harvest period begins in the middle and late June. In the second season, they are raised in July, planted in August, and harvested in October. From the first day of planting seeds to the day when fruit picking and packaging entered the market, water storage and moisture conservation, erecting and binding vines, pruning, ventilation, pest control, temperature regulation and control, the process details are one by one, one by one. Farmers are required to protect seedlings from the day to the dark like a nursery teacher. Shouldn’t be careless and procrastinate at any moment.<br /> <br /> Let's just talk about the tomatoes in these two greenhouses, which grow twice in a year. In the first period, their seedlings are cultivated in the protected land in February, and planted in late April. The harvest time begins in the middle or late June. In the second period, tomatoes are cultivated in July, planted in August, and harvested in October. From the first day of seeding to the day when tomatoes entered the market after being picked and packaged, the procedures of this process followed one by one, such as water storage and moisture conservation, erecting and binding vines, pruning, ventilation, pest control, temperature regulation and control. That requires farmers to take care of those seedlings from day to night and even work at night, like nursery teachers who couldn’t be careless and procrastinate at any moment.<br /> <br /> ====姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====<br /> <br /> 魏淑利属于初学乍练，第一年，她每天追着农业技术指导员问，下载APP小龙人学，每天早上四点钟就骑着三轮摩托来到大棚开始干活儿。她要适时开启滴灌，不停地调整大棚的通风程度，还要根据西红柿植株生长情况，追肥调温，保花保果。棚里的秧苗和果实，可以说是魏淑利一分一秒盯着长起来的，只有她能看得出来，她回家吃一顿饭的功夫，那青里透红的小柿子果，又有了哪些变化。<br /> <br /> Wei Shuli has never planted tomatoes before. In the first year, she asked the agricultural technology instructor many questions about planting everyday and uploaded the Xiaolongren app. She rode her tri-cycle to the greenhouses at 4 o’clock every morning to start working. She needed to open drip irrigation at the suitable time, adjusted the ventilation degree continually, and applied fertilizers and control temperature according to the growing condition of tomatoes to protect flowers and fruits. It was Wei who saw the seedlings and fruits in the greenhouses grew up. Therefore, only she can figure out what differences has made in the little green tomatoes with red tint even during the short time for meal.<br /> <br /> Having never planted tomatoes before, Wei Shuli learned from practice. In the first year, she asked the agricultural technology instructor many questions everyday and also learned from the Xiaolongren app. At 4 o’clock every morning, She rode her tri-cycle to the greenhouses to start working. In order to protect flowers and fruits, she needed to open drip irrigation at the suitable time, adjust the ventilation continually, and apply fertilizers and control temperature according to the growing condition of tomatoes. It was Wei who saw the seedlings and fruits in the greenhouses grow up. Therefore, only she could figure out what differences had been made in the little green tomatoes with red tint even during the short time for a meal.<br /> <br /> 直到有一天，她在铺大棚苫帘的时候，从棚顶摔了下来，导致腰间盘受伤，人们才知道魏淑利为了管理这两个大棚付出了多少汗水和泪水。当时，魏淑利一个人，扶着腰，忍痛地在地上爬起来，慢慢地爬上她的小三轮摩托，到药店，买了些筋骨伤痛膏药，贴上，像什么事儿也没有发生那样，回到了大棚。晚上，细心的大女儿发现妈妈身体的异样，魏淑利赶紧嘱咐孩子，可不敢告诉你爸爸，他知道了肯定要回来照顾家，那样工资就没了，不回来，他也会惦记的要命，可不敢再让他分散注意力了。<br /> <br /> One day, she fell down from the ceiling when she was paving the tent tarpaulin, which led to her lumbar disc injury. Until then, people began to know about the efforts Wei has made for managing these two big greenhouses. At that time, Wei held her waist and stood up with pain by herself. She slowly climbed on her little tri-cycle and then rode to the drugstore and bought some muscle and bone pain plasters. She pasted one and came back to the tent, seeming like nothing had happened. In the evening, her attentive daughter discovered Wei's differences, but Wei hurried to ask her not to tell this thing to her father. She said, if he knew this thing, he would come back and lost his wages, or he would be extremely worried about us if he couldn’t come back. So we can not distract him any more. <br /> <br /> One day, she fell down from the ceiling when she was paving the tent tarpaulin, which led to her lumbar disc injury. Until then, people knew about the efforts Wei had made for these two big greenhouses. At that time, Wei held her waist and stood up with pain by herself. She slowly climbed on her little tri-cycle and then rode to the drugstore and bought some muscle and bone pain plasters. She pasted one and came back, seeming like nothing had happened. In the evening, her attentive daughter discovered Wei's differences, but Wei hurried to ask her not to tell it to her father. She said, if he knew this thing, he would come back and lost his wages, or he would be extremely worried about us if he couldn’t come back. So we could not distract him any more.<br /> <br /> 人的成功，往往是在和一个个困难的搏斗中完成的。魏淑利的成功看似很渺小，无非是在生活的重压之下，一年内成功种植了两季西红柿，收入三万五千元，按照国家相关扶贫政策，摘掉了贫困户帽子。其中的艰难，她说得轻描淡写——有老妈帮助我接孩子，不用每天下午四点半放下大棚里的活儿，回来接孩子，不用早上给孩子们做饭，再送他们上学，顾上这头顾不上那头，我专心忙乎大棚，也不算太累。我想着今年要是西红柿行情好，把饥荒还清，明年再加两个棚呢。<br /> <br /> One’s success always follows after the fighting with many difficulties. Wei Shuli’s success seemed like small, which was just successfully planting the tomatoes that can grow in two seasons within one year and earned 35 thousand yuan under the heavy pressure of life. According to the relevant poverty-alleviation policies, she had been lifted out of poverty. But she understated the difficulties in that process. My mother helped me pick up my children, so I didn’t have to stop working at 4:30pm in the greenhouses to pick up them. I also didn’t need to do breakfast for them and then take them to school, so I could focus on planting, which wasn’t too tired. I thought that we could add too more sheds if the tomato market this year is strong so that we can pay off the famine, she said.<br /> <br /> One’s success always follows after struggles with many difficulties. Wei Shuli’s success seemed like small. She had just successfully planted the tomatoes that could grow in two seasons within one year and earned 35 thousand yuan under the heavy pressure of life. According to relevant poverty-alleviation policies, she had taken off the hat of poor households. But she understated the difficulties in that process. she said, “I didn’t have to stop to pick up my children at 4:30pm with my mother’s help. Neither did I need to do breakfast for them and then take them to school. Therefore, I could focus on my greenhouse planting which wasn’t too tiring. I planned that we could add two more sheds if the tomato market this year is in good condition so that we can pay off the debt.”<br /> <br /> ====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====<br /> <br /> 在我的刨根问底的时候，她才想起来，自己在大棚工作的时候，身体对西红柿秧苗过敏，一连几个月，浑身红肿瘙痒，甚至感染结痂……由于春秋两季，一早一晚温度低，露水重，她长时间在湿寒的环境下工作，浑身的关节痛越来越严重，一年中有过两次，不能走路，上不去自己的小三轮电动车。说到这里，她腼腆地一笑，说，要不是您问我，我还真想不起来这些。<br /> 我执意要到魏淑利的家里看看。快中午了，魏淑利的母亲正在厨房做午饭，一盖帘白面蒸饺出锅了，散发出一阵阵香味。孩子们回来了，屋子里顿时沸腾起来，两个双胞胎小姐姐，长得苗条白皙，她们穿着同样鲜艳的冲锋衣，梳着同样两条油亮的发辫，在屋里走来走去，煞是好看，让人分不出来二人哪个是姐姐哪个是妹妹。她们率性自然地嬉笑着，完全看不出和城里的孩子有什么不同，小弟弟见到姐姐，顿时开始疯闹撒娇，我问一个小姐姐，愿意带弟弟玩吗，她眉头一皱说，才不愿意呢。引得我们哈哈大笑。<br /> 魏淑利说，过去我一看孩子就发愁，现在我一想到这些孩子长大以后的情形，从心里往外乐呵。<br /> 魏淑利的老母亲招呼我们在她家一起吃饺子，我们起身告辞。<br /> <br /> In my questioning, she remembered that her body was allergic to tomato seedlings when she was working in the greenhouse. For several months in a row, her body was red, swollen and itchy, and her skin even became scabbed after infection...... Due to the low temperature and heavy dew in the morning and evening in spring and autumn,, her joints were getting worse and worse after working for a long time in a wet and cold environment so that she could not walk twice this year and even she could not get on her small three-wheeled electric car. Speaking of that, Wei smiled coyly and said, &quot;If you hadn't asked me, I wouldn't have remembered this.” I insisted on going to visit Wei Shuli's home. Almost noon, Wei Shuli's mother was cooking lunch in the kitchen. With a plate of white steamed dumplings out of the pot, a burst of fragrance was coming out. Children back, the house suddenly became lively. Two twin sisters, slim and fair, were wearing the same bright punching clothes with two same shiny hair braids. They walked around the house, so beautiful that people could not tell who was elder. They had fun with each other naturally, and no differences could be seen between them and the city children. When younger brother saw his sisters, he began to act like a spoiled brat. I asked a little sister if she would like to take her brother to play, but she frowned and refused. We laughed.<br /> <br /> Wei Shuli said, when looking at the children I would get worried, but now I felt heartily happy when thinking of their bright future. <br /> <br /> At the moment when Wei's mother invited us to eat dumplings together, we declined and got up to leave.<br /> <br /> ====李鸿 Li Hong====<br /> <br /> 魏淑利把我们送到楼下，自己也启动了电动车，她还要去大棚，接着给西红柿沾花，沾花是当地的说法，我想好像就是人工授粉。我说，那你怎么不吃完饭去，她告诉我，这点活儿需要趁着上午的气温赶紧干，不然下午一降温就做不成了。<br /> 魏淑利骑着三轮电动车的身影渐渐远去了，我知道她会离自己的梦想越来越近的。<br /> <br /> Wei Shuli sent us downstairs and started her electric tricycle. She said she had to go to the greenhouse and then “Zhanhua” for the tomatoes. It was a local saying, which I believe, meant artificial pollination. I asked, “Why not do it after having lunch?” She told me that “Zhanhua” needed to be done quickly in the morning while the temperature was still high; otherwise, it will not be done as soon as the afternoon cools down. Wei Shuli’s figure riding her electric tricycle gradually disappeared, and I knew that she would get closer and closer to her dream. <br /> 适时采果。西红柿成熟有绿熟、变色、成熟、完熟4个时期。贮存保鲜可在绿熟期采收。运输出售可在变色期（果实的1/3变红）采摘。就地出售或自食应在成熟期即果实1/3以上变红时采摘。采收时应轻摘轻放，摘时最好不带果蒂，以防装运中果实相互被刺伤。初霜前，如还有没熟的青果，应采下后贮藏在温室内，待果实变熟后再上市，这样既延长了供应期，又增加了经济效益。<br /> <br /> Fruit picking should be at the right time. <br /> There are four periods of tomato ripening: Green, Turning, Light Red and Red. The time of harvesting varies depending on the purpose. If it is for storage and preservation, it should be picked in the Green stage. Transporting for sale should be picked in the Turning stage (30% of the surface shows red in color). Selling on the spot or for the owners themselves, should be picked at the Light Red stage (more than 30% of the surface shows red in color). Besides, tomatoes should be picked and placed gently with the stalks removed, which could prevent them from being stabbed by each other in shipment. If there are still unripe green fruits before the First Frost, they should be picked and stored in the greenhouse, and then goes to the market after the fruits turn red. In this way, not only the supply period could be prolonged, but also increases economic benefits.<br /> <br /> 冬暖大棚西红柿种植管理技术<br /> 暖大棚西红柿的管理包括温度管理、光照管理、肥水管理、植株调整等，要采取分阶段管理的方法，根据不同阶段、不同的天气条件和植株生长特点，来采取不同的管理措施，管理要点不一样。<br /> 在魏淑利的嘴里，这些辛苦劳累都不算什么——有我老妈帮着接孩子，也还行。<br /> <br /> Tomato planting management techniques in warm greenhouse in winter<br /> Warm greenhouse management includes temperature, light, fertilizer, water, plant adjustment, etc. Since growing phrases, weather condition, and plant growth characteristics varies from time to time, different management method should be used. In Wei Shuli's perspective, all this toil is bearable, “It’s ok since my mom would help me pick up the children.”<br /> <br /> ====李佳珺 Li Jiajun ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 我知道你这是为谁<br /> <br /> I know who you are working for<br /> <br /> 赤峰有两个很有知名度的村党支部书记。一个是林西县的刘振林，一个是翁牛特旗的潘向学。在林西见过了刘振林，到翁牛特旗，必须见见潘向学。<br /> <br /> Chifeng had two well-known village party branch secretaries. One is Liu Zhenlin from Panxi County, and the other one is Pan Xiangxue from Ongniud Qi(Qi, one of the administrative divisions of China, is a special county-level administrative region of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region). We had already met Liu Zhenlin in Linxi, since we had arrived at Ongniud Qi, we had to meet Pan Xiangxue.<br /> <br /> 潘向学所在的五分地镇东他拉村，距离旗政府所在的乌丹镇大约五十多公里。从这个村子的名字上，可以回溯出这里从前的地理状况。他拉是蒙语，甸子的意思。在东他拉的北侧还有东北他拉村，正北他拉村，那一定是农耕进入草原的过程，汉族人口口相传留下的名字。一路上，我细细观察，发现这一带的确开阔平坦，从高速公里两侧的土质和植被，隐隐地能看出些许科尔沁沙地的禀赋，而今一路耕地万顷，设施农业的大棚连绵不断。农耕文明在这片古老的草原上扎根已久，生机勃勃。<br /> 在不到一小时的车程中，我一直在听杨明霞讲潘向学和东他拉的故事。杨明霞是赤峰市扶贫办政策法规科负责人，走遍了赤峰九万余平方公里的每一个旗县，包括那里的大部分村镇，说起全市脱贫攻坚战线的人和事，总是满怀深情，如数家珍。<br /> <br /> Wufengdi Town East Tala Village, where Pan Xiangxue lived in, was located at about 50 miles away from Qi government in Wudan Village. From the name of this village, we could trace back to its former geographical condition. Tala is Mongolian, which means grassy marshland. On the north side of East Tala Village are Northeast Tala Village and North Tala Village. It must have been the process of farming into grassland, and Han people passed the name by word of mouth. On the way, I carefully observed that this area was really broad and flat. From the soil texture and vegetation of two sides of the highway, we could implicitly see the nature of Horqin sandy, but for now all along the road was farmland and greenhouses for facility agriculture. Agriculture civilization has been rooted in this ancient meadow for so long.<br /> Within in one hour driving, I had been listening to Yang Mingxia telling stories about Pan Xiangxue and East Tala Village. Yang Mingxia was the person in charge of the policy and regulations section of Chifeng Poverty Alleviation Office. She had traveled to every Qi of more than 90,000 square kilometers in Chifeng, including most of the villages and towns there. Speaking of the people and things in the battle front of poverty alleviation in the city, she was always full of deep feeling and really familiar with all the stuff.<br /> <br /> ====李可依 Li Keyi====<br /> <br /> 东他拉村是五分地镇所辖的村庄里面积最大、人口最多的一个村，人口超过三千，面积有五十三平方公里。赤峰的耕地，分旱地和水浇地。一般水浇地多一些的地方，相对好生活一些。东他拉村有一条不大的河流，有一个游牧民族留下的名字，叫板石吐河。许多年以来，这条河一直和东他拉农人的小康之梦紧紧缠绕在一起。<br /> <br /> Dongtala Village is the largest and most populous of the villages under the jurisdiction of Wufendi Town, with a population of over three thousand and an area of fifty-three square kilometers. The arable land in Chifeng is divided into dry land and irrigated land. Generally speaking, places with more irrigated land are relatively better to live on. Dongtala Village has a modest river with a name left by nomadic people, called Banshitu River. For many years, this river has been closely entwined with the dream of wellbeing of the farmers in Dongtala. <br /> <br /> 二十年前，潘向学作为一个新上任的、年富力强的村书记，发动几百人的村民大会战，从板石吐河中开出一条通渠，引水进村，一下子使全村增加了七百多亩水浇地，东他拉人乐得胡子翘到耳朵上，屁股撅到天上，脑袋扎在泥土里，一垄一畦地侍弄着庄稼。那清格凌凌的水啊，滋润在干涸的土地上，也永远地记忆在老少爷们儿的心里。<br /> <br /> Twenty years ago, as a newly appointed, young and energetic village secretary, Pan Xiangxue mobilized hundreds of villagers to open a channel from the Banshitu River to divert water into the village, which at once increased the village's irrigated land by more than 700 mu. The villagers were so happy that their beards were sticking up to their ears, their asses were pouting to the sky, their heads were stuck in the soil, and they carefully plowed the crops acre by acre. The clear and lingering water nourished on the dry land, and was also forever remembered in the hearts of young and old. <br /> <br /> 时过境迁，而今，板石吐河水已经断流，东他拉人只能打机井浇地，但还是得靠板石吐河，井位必须沿着板石吐河的水脉走，才能打出水来。2013年，东他拉人均收入不到三千元。用现在的脱贫标准来看，不是全村有多少个贫困户的问题，而是整个东他拉，是不是整体贫困村的问题。眼看着板石吐河道的水位一年年下沉，村里的年轻人一波一波往外走，东他拉人的致富梦更加迫切。<br /> <br /> Time has changed, however, nowadays, the water of the Banshitu River has been cut off, and the villagers can only drill machine wells to irrigate their land, but they still have to rely on the Banshitu River, and the well location must follow the water veins of the Banshitu River in order to acquire water. In 2013, the per capita income of Dongtala was less than 3,000 yuan. According to the current criteria for poverty alleviation, it is not just a question of how many poor households there are in the village, but the whole village is plunged into poverty. Seeing the water level of the Banshitu River sink year after year, the village's young people are leaving group by group, and the dream of people in Dongtala to get rich is even more urgent.<br /> <br /> ====李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====<br /> <br /> 潘向学组织党支部全体成员坐下来讨论，全国农村都在脱贫致富奔小康，我们东他拉该怎么办？因地制宜的项目还是有的，办合作社，养牛，养猪，机械化种玉米杂粮，种草药、种木耳，都是可圈可点的好项目，但是启动这些项目，需要投入资金。大家异口同声地说，大胆点儿，利用金融扶贫政策，鼓励大家贷款，然后盯着家家户户，帮他们请农业技术指导员，帮他们解决随时出现的困难，坚持下去就会踏上致富之路。<br /> 还真是一毛钱难倒英雄汉，越穷，越借不到钱。党支部发现了一个十分普遍的问题，贫困户想贷款，几乎没有富裕户愿意为他们担保。这也不能怪富裕户，贫苦户的状态，在当时看上去，就是一个难以填满的无底洞，有五口人四个大病的人家，有只剩两个六十多岁老人的人家，有好吃懒做每天就想着天上掉馅饼的懒汉，有不走正道惹是生非的二流子，别看他们把胸脯子拍的当当响，说丰收了，一定还钱，富裕户还是直摇头。老潘书记觉得，富裕户的态度可以理解。东他拉没有发横财的人家，富裕户咋成的富裕户，别人不知道，老潘书记心里清楚，那是起早贪黑，靠一颗颗汗珠子生把土坷垃泡软，再把种下的粮食一粒粒攒起来，换来的几个血汗钱和一些家产。手里的这点家当，谁不是夜里枕在梦里，白天挂在心上，你看看他们平日里吃的多清淡，穿的多廉价，就知道，如果真的让他们失去这点血汗钱，就等于要了他们的命。<br /> <br /> <br /> Pan Xiangxue organized all the members of the Party branch to sit down and discuss. All the rural areas across the country are getting rid of poverty and become better off. What should we do? There are still some projects that adapt to local conditions. Running cooperatives, raising cattle, raising pigs, mechanized planting of corn and miscellaneous cereals, planting herbs, and planting agaric are all commendable good projects. But starting these projects requires investment. Everyone said with one voice, be bold, use the financial poverty alleviation policy to encourage everyone to take loans, and then pay attention to every household to help them ask for agricultural technical instructors and help them solve the difficulties that may arise at any time. If you stick to it, you will be on the road to prosperity. It's really hard for a hero to beat a dime. The poorer he is, the less he can borrow. The Party branch found a very common problem: poor households want to borrow money, but few rich households are willing to guarantee for them. This can not be blamed on the rich people. At the time, the status of the poor seemed like a bottomless pit that was hard to fill. There were five people and four people who were seriously ill. There were only two people in their sixties. There were lazy people who dreamt of pennies from the heaven. There were some rascals who always stirred up trouble. Although they promised to pay back the money when the harvest came, the rich households still did not agree. Old Secretary Pan felt that the attitude of rich households was understandable. No one in Dongthala made a fortune, and no one else knew how a rich household became rich. Secretary Pan knew in his heart that it was working from dawn to night with the sweat beads of the loess bubble soft and then saving up the planted grains, in exchange for a few hard-earned money and some family property. Who does not think of their property day and night? You can see how light they eat and how cheap they wear. If they really lose that hard-earned money, it's like killing them.<br /> <br /> ====李心田 Li Xintian ====<br /> <br /> 党支部把全体党员找来了，把村民代表找了来，把村里德高望重的长者找来了，把富裕户代表也找来了——请你们给咱东他拉想个辙，支个招儿，咱们一起努力，让东他拉过上好日子。 集思广益，“三链互助”扶贫模式就这样创造出来了。第一条链叫亲情链。农村里的老户，绕来绕去，家家都是亲戚，亲戚之间，贫富差距不一，党支部就动员富裕户帮助穷亲戚，由富裕户带领贫困亲戚外出打工，或为其贫困户亲戚提供贷款担保、信息技术，帮助他们发展养牛、养羊产业使其脱贫致富。第二条链叫互需链，有的富裕户生产资料充足，信息快，技术高、信誉好，其产业有良好基础，就是缺少劳动力，缺少耕地、草场等资源，正好和缺乏资金、信息、技术但有富余劳动力、耕地、草场等资源的贫困户结对，形成互补的平等帮扶。第三个叫责任链，对在村里没有富裕亲戚，又没有劳动力和生产资料的贫困户，由村干部和党员兜底，履行扶贫责任和义务，因人施策，对他们进行帮扶 。<br /> The Party branch brought all the Party members, villagers’ representatives, venerable elders of the village, and rich family representatives together, hoping they could think of a way to make the people in Dongtala village live well. Through brainstorming, a poverty alleviation mode of “three chains mutual aid” was created. The first chain was called the kinship chain. The long-term residents of the village were all relatives in some way. Among them, some were rich and others were poor. Thus, the Party branch motivated the rich to help their poor relatives by taking them to work outside or providing loan guarantees and information technology for them so that they could develop the cattle and sheep-raising industry and become rich. The second was the mutual need chain. Some rich families had sufficient means of production, fast information, high technology, and a good reputation, laying them a good industry foundation. However, they lacked labor forces and resources like arable land and grassland. Such families matched perfectly with the poor families that lacked capital, information, and technology but were rich in resources of labor forces, arable land, and grassland, forming complementary and equal assistance. The third was named the responsibility chain. To the poor families without any rich relatives, labor forces, or means of production, village carders and party members would shoulder the responsibility and help them get rid of poverty according to their situations.<br /> <br /> Correction: The Party branch brought all the Party members, villagers' representatives, venerable elders of the village, and rich family representatives together, hoping they could come up with a way to make the people in Dongtala village live well. Through brainstorming, a poverty alleviation mode of “three chains mutual aid”was created. The first chain was called the kinship chain. The long-term residents of the village were all relatives in some way. Among them, some were rich and others were poor. Thus, the Party branch motivated the rich to help their poor relatives by taking them to work outside or providing loan guarantees and information technology for them so that they could develop the cattle and sheep-raising industry and become rich. The second was the mutual need chain. Some rich families had sufficient means of production, fast information, high technology, and a good reputation, laying them a good industry foundation. However, they lacked labor forces and resources like arable land and grassland. Such families matched perfectly with the poor families that lacked capital, information, and technology but were rich in resources of labor forces, arable land, and grassland, thus forming complementary and equal assistance. The third was named the responsibility chain. To the poor families without any rich relatives, labor forces, or means of production, village carders and party members would shoulder the responsibility and help them get rid of poverty according to their situations.<br /> <br /> ====李彦 Li Yan ====<br /> <br /> 万事开头难。三链互助一经推开，受到大部分村民的欢迎，不过，并非所有人都愿意投入其中。阻力来不仅来自于一些富裕户，还来自于一些贫困户。富裕户这样说，我帮他，那不就是给他们扛活吗？帮好了没我啥事儿，帮不好还要受埋怨；贫困户中有的人说：“我用得着他帮吗，我不会种地，还不会养个牲畜，给点饲料就长的东西，我非拿到他家干啥？”<br /> 老潘又一次召开村两委会议，他说咱们这头一脚若是踢不出去，往后的工作就不好推进了。于是大家开始分头做工作，劝说不愿意加入亲情链和互需链的村民赶紧行动起来。<br /> 干部们出发了，进一家，出一家，终于把问题解决得差不多了。这时出状况了。富裕户郭守生成了老大难，无论怎么说，就是不同意带贫困户。他说亲戚远来香，邻居隔大墙，往一起凑付没好事儿。别的就没话了，干部们再来，他连头都不抬一下，忙乎着给牛添草饮水，脸上冷冰冰地，像啥都没看见似的。<br /> <br /> Everything is difficult at the begining. Once the three-chain mutual aid was launched, it was welcomed by most villagers, but not everyone was willing to pitch in. The resistance comes not only from some rich households, but also from some poor households. The rich man said: “ if I help him, it means that I have to carry work for them. If you do a good job, I have nothing to deal with, but if you don’t give a good perfomance, you will be complained; Some people in poor households said: &quot;I don’t need his help. Even though I can't farm, I can raise a livestock, just giving some feed, so what do I have to take it to his house?,&quot; Lao Pan once again held a meeting of the two village committees, and he said that if we couldn't kick out this first kick, it would be difficult to advance the future work. So everyone began to work separately, persuading villagers who did not want to join the chain of family affection and mutual demand to hurry up. The cadres set out, entered one house, left the house one after another, and finally solved the problem more or less. Then, something went wrong. Guo Shou, who came from wealthy households, was an impediment to the proposal for no matter how many times he was persuaded, he just didn't agree to help poor households. He said he welcomed relatives came from afar, but alienated from neighbors due to the lack of ties of kindred, and it was not a good thing to mix them together. He said no more words, and when the cadres came again, he did not even raise his head, busily adding grass and drinking water to the cattle, and he looked indifferently, as if he had not seen anything.<br /> <br /> ====李梓玉 Li Ziyu====<br /> <br /> 村里给郭守生安排的亲情链上有两家贫困户，一家是他的叔丈人，就是他妻子的叔叔，一家是他的堂兄弟。<br /> <br /> The village committee assigned two poor families to Guo Shousheng's &quot;Kinship Tie&quot;: the family of his uncle-in-law, i. e. his wife's uncle, and the family of a cousin of his. '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 郭守生平常爱动脑子，勤快认干，做什么事情有头有尾，他养的几十头牛，毛皮锃亮，腰圆腿粗，母牛倒日子就揣犊子，公牛肥肥的每次都能买上好价钱。<br /> <br /> Guo Shousheng is diligent man who always uses his head and never walk out on his work. He raises dozens of cattle with shiny fur and strong body, of which the females get pregnant with calves regularly and the males grow healthily, and all these cattle are often sold at a good price. '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 对那些过日子不着调，没事儿扔下活计就出去打对调（扑克）、扯闲篇逗闷子的人，他是死活看不上的。他的叔丈人身体有病不假，但是也有干活不着调的毛病，表兄弟呢，身后有拉了好多年的饥荒，看着也是一时半会也翻不了身。<br /> <br /> Guo Shousheng greatly despised those who spend all day doing nothing but going out to play poker and gossip and completely disregarding their work. It is true that his wife's uncle was sick, but he also suffered from idleness; his cousin had been in debt for many years, and the life of him seemed unlikely to be changed in a short time. '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 村干部灰心丧气地回来了，跟潘书记汇报说，看来铁嘴钢牙也说不动这个郭守生了，不行拉倒吧，别劝他了。潘书记一听，有点上火，他说这是退一步地阔天宽的事儿吗？不是，好多富裕户好像都在看着郭守生，其实是在看着党支部，党支部做不通郭守生的工作，要是他不带贫困户，别人就有话说了。<br /> <br /> The village manager returned to the village committee in despair and reported to Secretary Pan: it seemed that Guo Shousheng would not accept the task no matter how hard we tried to persuade him. If he insisted on rejecting, let's just forget it. Secretary Pan got a bit angry at what he said and said: Is this something on which we can make concessions? No! Many well-off families seem to be watching what will Guo Shousheng do, but they are actually focusing on the attitude of our Party Branch; if we can't persuade Guo Shousheng to accept his task, and if he doesn't help the poor families, others will also have their reasons to reject us. '''(Li Ziyu)''' <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 老潘来到郭守生家。第一次，郭守生不在，他就把自己的意思告诉了郭守生媳妇。让郭守生给他回个电话。等了一天，郭守生也没有回话，一向沉得住气的老潘，又去一趟。<br /> <br /> Then Secretary Pan paid a visit to Guo Shousheng's house. The first time, Guo was not at home, so he told Guo's wife what he thought and asked her to remind Guo to call him back. However, Guo did not call back after a whole day, so Secretary Pan, who had always been calm, went to Guo's house again. '''(Li Ziyu)''' <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 郭守生对老潘是很尊敬的，他看见老潘进门，忙放下手里的饲草叉子，洗了手，让老潘屋里坐，喊媳妇赶紧沏茶。老潘说，别介，我看看那你的牛。<br /> <br /> Guo Shousheng respected Secretary Pan very much. When he saw him enter, he quickly put down the fork and washed his hands. He invited Secretary Pan to sit in his house, and then asked his wife to make some tea for him. Secretary Pan said: No thanks! Could you show me your cattle? '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> ====梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====<br /> <br /> 牛圈里打扫得干干爽爽，地上没有一摊牛粪。母牛牛角油亮，小公牛和小牛犊毛皮像缎子似的发光。老潘不由夸郭守生说，守生啊，你可真是个好把式。<br /> 郭守生嘿嘿地笑着，说对付事儿吧。<br /> 老潘说，你这小公牛到入冬大概卖多少钱？<br /> 郭守生说，潘书记，你心里明镜似的，还问我。<br /> 老潘说那小牛犊呢？<br /> 郭守生不好意思了不说了，他说，大的一万出头，小的五六千吧。<br /> 老潘说，那你不用说从前几年卖的，就这眼下的一圈牛，就够你吃个五年六年的吧。<br /> 郭守生还是嘿嘿笑。<br /> 老潘说我问你，亲戚朋友，左邻右舍，家里有个逢难遭灾，站到你家牛圈跟前哭个穷，你好意思让人家空手回去吗？你的活思想我猜，是担心带贫困户跳到坑里去？<br /> 告诉你，现在的扶贫政策，一个接一个，都是实实惠惠的，人家贫困户带着牛来入股，不会让你吃亏，中间遇到啥事儿，还有村里帮你呢。<br /> 郭守生说，潘书记，您昨天来，我媳妇跟我说了，我想了一宿，半明白，您这又来了，我便全明白了。您这是为了谁呀，还不是和2000年修大渠一样，为的是全村人吗。 <br /> 郭守生对老书记那是一百个响头都舍得绝对服气。2000年修大渠的事，深深记在他的心里。<br /> <br /> The cow ring was dry and clean, and there was no cow dung left. The cow's horns are greasy, and the fur of little bull and calf glow like satin. Secretary Pan can't help but praise Guo Shousheng and said, “You are a good handle.” <br /> Guo Shousheng laughed and said it was no big deal. Secretary Pan asked him, how much does your little bull sell in winter? Guo Shousheng answered you don’t know.<br /> Pan asked again what about the calf? Guo Shousheng is embarrassed to say those big ones are about ten thousand, small ones five or six thousand. Pan said, “those left cows can support five or six years of your life, let alone those you already sold years ago.”<br /> Guo Shousheng laughed again. <br /> Pan said, “I have to ask you that when your relatives, friends, and neighbors are having a disaster at home, standing in front of your bull ring and crying for help, will you help them? <br /> “I guess you are worried about the policy will lead the poor to a bad future. But actually, today's poverty alleviation policies, one after the other, are truly beneficial. Poor households with cattle in their shares will not make you lose anything. Guo Shousheng said, “My wife told me you came yesterday. I thought for a night and seemly got it. Then you are here again and I get it all. You are here for the whole village as in 2000 when repairing the canal. He absolutely trusts the secretary. It was in his heart that the Great Canal was repaired in 2000.<br /> <br /> <br /> Correction：<br /> <br /> The cattle pen was dry and clean with no dung left. The cows’ horns were oily, and the fur of little bull and calf glow looked like satin. Secretary Pan can't help but praise Guo Shousheng and said, “You are really good at it.” Guo Shousheng laughed and said it was no big deal. Secretary Pan asked him, how much does your little bull sell in winter? Guo answered, “you asked it deliberately.” Pan asked, “What about the calf?” Guo Shousheng was embarrassed to say those big ones are worth about ten thousand yuan, small ones five or six thousand yuan. Pan said, “those left cows can support five or six years of your life, let alone those you already sold years ago.” Guo laughed again. Pan said, “I have to ask you that if your relatives, friends, or neighbors are plagued by a disaster, who stand in front of your cattle pen and cry for help, will you help them? I guess you are worried that the policy will lead the poor to a bad future. But actually, today's poverty alleviation policies, one after the other, are truly beneficial. Poor households with cattle who want to have a stake in will not make you lose anything. Even if you meet difficulties in the process, our village will help you.” Guo said, “My wife told me you came yesterday. I have thought for a whole night and seemly got it. Then you are here again and I get it all. You are here for the whole village like in 2000 when you built a canal.” He absolutely trusted the secretary. It was borne in his mind that the canal was built in 2000.<br /> <br /> ====廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====<br /> <br /> 那时候潘向学还是没有被大家称为老书记，四十不到，刚刚被选为村支书。他自幼在东他拉长大，从二十多岁就当村干部，琢磨着怎样让东他拉富起来，琢磨二十来年了。那时候农村种地就是靠天吃饭，不下雨，干旱，说绝收就绝收，说减产就减产，农民累吐血，老天不给面子，那才是叫人伸着两手干瞪眼呢。 耳朵听着板石吐河，从早到晚哗啦啦地从村北面流过去，东他拉人正是眼泪汪汪干着急。<br /> 潘向学决定拼一把。他请来了水利部门进行了勘察设计，要修筑一条渠，把板石吐河的水引出来一股，送到东他拉的旱地里，让旱地变成祖祖辈辈盼望的水浇地，有了水浇地，东他拉就可以旱涝保收，不愁饿肚子了。结果却让全村老少大失所望。为什么呢？因为板石吐河道和东他拉的耕地间，有一个低洼地，把水引出来不难，可是水流到低洼地里，再爬上来进入旱田可就难了。只能把低洼地垫高，在上面修渠！专项资金不够，省着用，劳力不够，潘向学在村里召开了动员大会，第二天施工现场就来了五六百人，男男女女，老老少少，都来了，连平常不出院子的白发老太婆也蒸了玉米饼子，一步一打颤地来了，放假在家的学生们也跟着父母来了。一片彩旗，扎在山沟里，大喇叭里的回响着《我的祖国》《我们走在大路上》的歌声，间或还有妇女委员宣读表扬稿的清脆声音，气氛好不热烈。是啊，为了即将到来的好日子而劳动，谁能不兴高采烈，谁能不斗志昂扬呢！<br /> <br /> At that time, Pan Xiangxue wasn’t still addressed as the Old Secretary, because he was under 40 and was selected as the village secretary. He grew up in the Dongtala Village when he was a kid, and became a village official when he was over 20. For 20-plus years, he had been contemplating how to create wealth for his village. At that time, the crop in rural areas depended on weather. If it was not raining, leading to dry land, farmers would receive reduced yields or nothing, even though they were exhausted for their work. In other words, bad weather can pose a grave threat to farmers. Hearing that Banshitu River rushed from northern village to other places all day, residents in Dongtala were worried but didn’t know how to deal with it. Finding this situation, Pan decided to have a shot. He invited the Water Conservancy Department to investigate and design a trench so that part of the river’s water can be distributed to the dry land in Dongtala. The dry land can then be turned into the sought-after irrigated land, which was a guarantee for residents to be free from hunger whether it was drought or flood. However, the result disappointed all people, because there were low-lying areas between Banshitu River and arable land in Dongtala, which meant that it was difficult for water to flow into dry land after it was distributed in the low-lying land. The only resolution was to shovel soil or something onto the areas and build a trench on it. However, there was a shortage of earmarked funds, so people saved money; there was a shortage of workforce, so 500 or 600 people of all ages came to the construction site in the next day when Pan held a mobilization meeting. Even old women in gray hair who were not willing to go out steamed cornbread and hobbled; students on a vacation also came with their parents. A colored flag in a ravine; a big speaker broadcasting My Country and We Are On the Road; sometimes the women members reading a draft praising people with a crisp voice. All of these showed a warm atmosphere. Of course, people must be elated and have high morale when they work for good days to come.<br /> <br /> （edited）At that time, Pan Xiangxue wasn’t addressed as the Old Secretary yet, because he was under 40 and was selected as the village secretary for a short time. He grew up in the Dongtala Village when he was a kid, and became a village official when he was over 20. For 20-plus years, he had been contemplating how to create wealth for his village. Then the crop in rural areas depended on weather. If it was not raining, leading to dry land, farmers would receive reduced yields or nothing, even though they were exhausted for their work. In other words, bad weather can pose a grave threat to farmers. Hearing that Banshitu River rushed from northern village to other places all day, residents in Dongtala were worried but didn’t know how to deal with it. Finding this situation, Pan decided to have a shot. He invited the Water Conservancy Department to investigate and design a trench so that part of the river’s water can be distributed to the dry land in Dongtala. The dry land can then be turned into the sought-after irrigated land, which was a guarantee for residents to be free from hunger whether it was drought or flood. However, the result disappointed all people, because there were low-lying areas between Banshitu River and arable land in Dongtala, which meant that it was difficult for water to flow into dry land after it was distributed in the low-lying land. The only resolution was to shovel soil or something onto the areas and build a trench on it. However, there was a shortage of earmarked funds, so people saved money; there was a shortage of workforce, so 500 or 600 people of all ages came to the construction site in the next day when Pan held a mobilization meeting. Even old women in gray hair who were not willing to go out steamed cornbread and hobbled; students on a vacation also came with their parents. A colored flag stands in a ravine with a big speaker broadcasting My Country and We Are On the Road. Sometimes the women members reading a draft praising people with a crisp voice. All of these showed a warm atmosphere. Definitely, there is no reason for people not to be elated and have high morale when they work for good days to come.<br /> <br /> ====刘丛领 Liu Congling====<br /> <br /> 低洼地拉拉被垫高了两米多，形成一个大底座，从板石吐河开掘出来的大渠径直通过这个大底座，终于把水引到了东他拉的旱地里。此一举，让东他拉村增加了七百五十亩水浇地。从此只要深深地躬下身子，埋头苦干，便是衣食无忧无尽无休的好日子了。<br /> 一鼓作气，引水渠大功告成。潘向学一声令下，打开水闸，放水啦——水流像波浪形的翡翠，一边跳舞一边奔跑，孩子们在渠旁跟着那水流疯跑着，瞬间就跑到了大底座上面，这时候农民土造的大渠，有点经不住考验了——水大，几乎要漫出渠口，渠壁是用泥土一点点夯实垒砌的，不知道能否经得住如此水流的冲泡，但是水已经超过渠面，泥土渠壁也微微渗水。潘向学火烧眉毛，站在渠边，目不转睛地盯着渠水。突然，周围的乡亲看到他解开了棉袄的扣子，穿着秋衣秋裤喊了一声：“上沙袋子！”就走下了渠中，站在了湍急的水流中。水就要齐胸了，不时地推涌着他，他定定神，站稳，接过沙袋子，开始码着渠壁往上砌。一袋，两袋，三袋，当他把第一摞沙袋砌到渠口的高度时，他看见身旁有又多了好几个人，是村干部全都下水了，不一会党员、团员、青壮年村民，全都下水了！水温零上十几度，人体三十六度五，外面的秋风嗖嗖地刮，水中的人们不敢停滞片刻，只有不停地搬沙袋，砌沙袋，用全身的热汗对冲着冰水，才不至于打哆嗦。<br /> <br /> A large base was formed after the low-lying area was packed more than two meters up, through which the large canal excavated from the Banshitu River passed straight through and finally diverted water to the dry land in Dongthara. In this move, Dongtara village have another 750 acres of watered land. From now on, as long as you would like to immerse yourself in hard work, good days that have no worry about basic necessities will be waiting for you. <br /> <br /> At one blow the aqueduct was done. Pan Xiangxue ordered to open the sluice to released water. The water flew like a wavy emerald, running and dancing. Children ran freely with the water next to the canal, and instantly ran to the big base. At this moment the large canal made by the peasants showed a slight sign that it could not withstand the test. The water was huge, almost overflowing the mouth of the canal, and the wall of the canal was built with soil piece by piece, so whether it could withstand the brewing of water remained a question. But the water had already exceeded the canal surface, and the mud canal wall was also slightly seeping. Pan Xiangxue was fraught, standing by the canal and fixing his eyes on the water. Suddenly, the surrounding villagers saw him unbuttoning his cotton jacket and shouting in long johns, &quot; The sandbag!&quot; After that he walked down the canal and stood in the rushing water. The water was about to reach chest high, pushing him from time to time. He recovered composure, stood firm, and took the sandbags to build them against the wall of the canal. One, two, three··· When he built the first stack to the height of the mouth of the canal, he saw that there were several more people beside him------ it was the village officials who all went into the water, and after a while, the party members, league members, and young and middle-aged villagers all went into the water. The water temperature is above ten degrees above zero while the temperature of human body is 36.5 degrees. For that matter, people in the water dare not stop for a moment in the whizzing autumn breeze outside. The only thing they can do is to constantly move sandbags, pile them up and use the hot sweat over the whole body to fight against the icy water so as not to shiver.<br /> <br /> Liu Jiayu:A large base was formed after the low-lying area was packed more than two meters up. The large canal, excavated from the Banshitu River, passed straight through the base and finally diverted water to the dry land in Dongthara. In doing so, Dongtara village had another 750 acres of irrigable land. From now on, as long as the villagers would like to immerse themselves in hard work, good days that there was no worry about basic necessities would be waiting for them. <br /> At one blow the aqueduct was done. Pan Xiangxue ordered to open the sluice to release water. The water flew like a wavy emerald, running and dancing. Children near the canal ran freely following the water, and instantly ran to the big base. At this moment the large canal made by the peasants showed a slight sign that it could not withstand the test. The water flooded and almost overflew the mouth of the canal. The wall of the canal was built with soil piece by piece, so whether it could withstand the scouring of water remained a question. But the water level had already exceeded the canal surface, and the water slightly seeped through the earthen canal wall. Pan Xiangxue was in an utmost urgency , standing by the canal and fixing his eyes on the water.<br /> Suddenly, the surrounding villagers saw him unbutton his cotton jacket and shouting in long johns, &quot;The sandbags!&quot; After that he walked down the canal and stood in the rushing water. The water was about up to reach his chest, pushing him from time to time. He recovered composure, stood firm, and took the sandbags to build them against the wall of the canal. One, two, three… When he built the first stack to the height of the mouth of the canal, he saw that there were several more people beside him------ it was the village officials who all went into the water, and after a while, the Party members, League members, and young and middle-aged villagers all went into the water. The water temperature was above ten degrees above zero while the temperature of human body is 36.5 degrees. For that matter, people in the water dared not stop for a moment in the whizzing autumn breeze outside. The things they could do were to constantly move sandbags, pile them up and use the hot sweat over the whole body to fight against the icy water so as not to shiver.<br /> <br /> ====刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 加固加厚了渠壁，潘向学一班人马被外面的人拉出渠的时候，天已经黯淡下来，气温已经下降到零下十几度，还没他们换上家里送来的干衣服，身上的秋衣秋裤已经在他们的身上冻着了铁片，咔咔直响，一折就要断层碎片。<br /> 望着水渠安安稳稳地把水送上了村里七百五十亩耕地的旁边，老婆婆和媳妇们呜呜地就哭起来了，很少流泪的潘向学眼睛也发热了。乡亲们说，潘书记快回村，大碴子粥熬了一大锅，热热呼呼，还有大酱腌的咸菜疙瘩，油滋啦炖豆角，等着给你们庆功呢。<br /> 潘向学说，拿件棉衣服，装点饭送来，我回去也不放心。很快，村民们点燃了熊熊的篝火，潘向学和他的村两委一班人，就坐在篝火旁，慢慢嘬一壶滚烫的自己村里酿的大老散白酒，守着水渠，度过了通水的第一夜。送水成功，水渠安全，他们才放心离开。<br /> 郭守生对老书记那是绝对服气。2000年修大渠的事，深深记在他的心里。正像村里当年在场的乡亲们传说的一样，在郭守生的心中，潘向学搬着沙袋与湍急的冷水搏斗的身影，就和电影《创业》中王进喜在油井里用身体搅拌原油一样，都是真正的共产党员，人民信得过的带头人。<br /> <br /> The canal wall was reinforced. By the time Pan Xiangxue and his crew were pulled out of the canal by people outside, it had already been dark and the temperature had dropped to ten degrees below zero. Before they changed into the dry clothes brought from home, the long Johns they were in froze solid like sheet iron, rattling and would break into pieces. The old woman and her daughers-in-law began to cry when they watched the canal steadily deliver water to the side of the village's 750 mu arable land. Pan Xiangxue, who rarely cried, filled his eyes with tears. The villagers said, “Secretary Pan, hurry back! We have cooked a big pot of hot congee, pickle lumps in sauce and stewed beans in oil. We are waiting for you to celebrate!” &quot;Take a piece of cotton clothing and bring some food,” Pan said, “Even if I go back, I'll be worried.” Soon, the villagers lit a roaring bonfire. Pan Xiangxue and his members of village Party branch and village committee sat around the bonfire, sipping a steaming pot of Chinese spirits in bulks made by the village, spending the first water-delivering night guarding the canal. They didn’t leave until the water was delivered successfully and the canal was safe. Guo Shousheng was absolutely convinced of Secretary Pan. The construction of the Grand Canal in 2000 was firmly kept in his mind. As the villagers who were on the scene said, in Guo Shousheng's mind, Pan Xiangxue, who fought against the rushing cold water with sandbags, was a real Communist Party member and a leader trusted by the people, just like Wang Jinxi in the movie &quot;Start a Business&quot;, who stirred crude oil with his body in an oil well.<br /> <br /> The canal wall was reinforced. By the time Pan Xiangxue and his crew were pulled out of the canal by people outside, it had already been dark and the temperature had dropped to more than ten degrees below zero. Before they changed into the dry clothes brought from home, the long Johns were in froze solid like sheet iron, rattling and crisping. The old woman and her daughters-in-law began to cry when they watched the canal steadily deliver water to the side of the village's 750 mu arable land. Pan Xiangxue, who rarely cried, filled his eyes with tears. The villagers said, “Secretary Pan, hurry back! We have cooked a big pot of hot congee, pickle lumps in sauce and stewed beans in oil. We are waiting for you to celebrate!” &quot;Take a piece of cotton clothing and bring some food.” Pan said, “Even if I go back, I'll be worried.” Soon, the villagers lit a roaring bonfire. Pan Xiangxue and his members of village Party branch and village committee sat around the bonfire, sipping a steaming pot of Chinese Baijiu in bulks made by the village, spending the first water-delivering night guarding the canal. They didn’t leave until the water was delivered successfully and the canal was safe. Guo Shousheng was absolutely convinced of Secretary Pan. The construction of the Grand Canal in 2000 was firmly kept in his mind. As the villagers who were on the scene said, in Guo Shousheng's mind, Pan Xiangxue, who fought against the rushing cold water with sandbags, was a real Communist Party member and a leader trusted by the people, just like Wang Jinxi in the movie Start a Business, who stirred crude oil with his body in an oil well.<br /> <br /> ====刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====<br /> <br /> 郭守生这人办事，说话实诚，用村里的话说，一口吐沫一个钉，他说既然答应了老书记，不干则已，干就干好！<br /> 只有那些说怪话，不愿意加入互助模式的贫困户，潘向学也有招儿。你不是说自己养的东西，用不着交给别人搭人情，自己也能养吗，那就让他们试试。结果，一半年过去那些人傻眼了，人家互助合作的小组的牛，溜光水滑，该揣犊子的都鼓起了大肚子，自己养的牛，真的不行，瘦骨嶙峋，没两头肚子有动静的。他们便忙三迭四地到了村委会，请村委会帮着他们去求的富裕户的谅解。就这样，三链互助扶贫模式迅速在全村推行，当年就见了很好的效果。<br /> 东他拉村2014年初识别建档立卡户341户，是全翁牛特旗的旗重点贫困村，现在东他拉村共有74个三链式互助扶贫联合体，为280户村民争取金融扶贫贷款1375万元，贫困户利用贷款发展养殖业，年户均增收5000元。 牛存栏已由当初的不足700头发展到2500多头 ；羊存栏从不到3000只发展到10000多只，总计年人均增收在3000元以上。全村实现脱贫。<br /> <br /> Guo Shousheng is an honest man who always keeps his words. Since he promised the old secretary, he would try his best to do it well. For those poverty-stricken household who said something strange and were unwilling to participate in the mutual assistance model, Pan Xiangxue also had his own method to deal with it. Someone said that it was no use to raise their own domestic animals with the help of others, and they could do it all by themselves. So, let them had a try. After a year and a half, those villagers were dumbfounded for seeing cows from the group of the model having smooth skin, and some of them which should be pregnant were having babies in their belly, while those cows fed by themselves were skinny and had less cows having babies. Therefore, they hurriedly went to the village committee and asked for help to earn forgiveness of wealthy families. By doing so, a mutual poverty alleviation model with three parties was formed and made a very good effect. In early 2014, Dongtala village, a key poverty-stricken village in Ongniud Qi, had 341 households with poverty registration. Now, there are 74 communities with that model in Dongtala village, striving for financial poverty alleviation loan of 13.75 million yuan for 280 households to develop breeding industry. And per household annually earn 5,000 yuan in average. There are more than 2,500 cows now, which was less than 700 before; and there are over 10,000 sheep now, which was less than 3,000 before. In total, the annual per capita income increased by more than 3,000 yuan. The whole village were lifted out of poverty.<br /> <br /> ====刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====<br /> <br /> 车进东他拉村，整洁的环境，不由让我吃惊。在村委会院子里，一个村民正推着小车，在打扫院子收垃圾。我以为这是一个贫困户，正在公益岗上工作。<br /> 我走过去一问，那个村民告诉我，这不是公益岗，就是一种个人习惯，每天不出来打扫村子就觉得心里发空。和他一样，在村里不同地方打扫环境卫生的，还有好几个人，这些人年龄大了，没有太多的活计，自从大前年，村干部带头扫街以后，他们就自愿这样做了，就是过年过节也没停下来。一坚持就是三四年，我觉得真是难能可贵。<br /> 老潘书记和五分地镇的镇长，在村委会等我。我一端详潘书记，不像五十九岁，像五十四五，看来在他的称谓前面加一个老字，有点不太合适。虽说他的脸黝黑，带着风雨剥蚀的岁月印记，但是这人精神旺盛，体魄健硕。村民叫一声他老潘书记，语气里带着敬重和信任。<br /> 我先问潘书记村里的志愿者的事儿。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> I was surprised by the tidy environment when I entered Dongtala village by car. In the courtyard of the village committee, a villager was pushing a cart to clean the yard and collect the trash. I thought he was a poor household, who was working for public welfare. I went over to ask, then the villager told me that this is not a public service post, it is his personal habit, for he would feel empty in mind if not cleaning the village every day. Just like him, there are other people cleaning the different areas of the village, who are old, without much work to do. Since the year before last, the village cadres took the lead in sweeping the streets, they did it voluntarily, continuing it even during the New Year holidays for three or four years, which I think is really valuable. The old Pan secretary and the mayor of Wuzhdi town are waiting for me at the village committee. I stared at Secretary Pan, who is fifty-nine years old, but looks like only fifty-four or fifty-five years old. Therefore, it is not quite appropriate to add the word &quot;old&quot; in front of his title, although his face is dark, with the mark of the years of weathering, he is vigorous and fit. The villagers called him old Pan secretary, with respect and trust in their tone. Let me asked Secretary Pan about the volunteers in the village first .<br /> <br /> ====刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing====<br /> <br /> 老潘书记说，几十年来，村里贫困不说，脏乱差的问题很严重，出门走两步，就得踩上一脚牛粪羊粪，村民也还是围个窝睡觉，端个碗吃饭的就习惯，把垃圾倒得可那都是，苞米皮子，煤灰加上泔水猪粪就倒在当街上。冬天冻成冰坨子，春风来了满天飞。你看那老百姓吧，不怕老师笑话，个个灰头土脸，耳朵里一掏一坨泥，浑身沾满了草屑污渍。村党支部开会动员家家打扫环境卫生，他们说好吃不如饺子，好受不过倒着，一天到晚挺累的，哪有力气整乡村文明的那些事儿。<br /> 我们一看，这样下去怎么能行，于是为把激励村民竞相发展生产和引导树立文明乡风结合起来，第一个举措就是村干部上街，带头打扫环境卫生。说起来挺逗，我们第一天出来，村民发现之后，也出来了，他们不开自己家大门，躲在门缝里看我们干活儿，偷偷笑，说肯定是上头来检查的了，也就一阵风就过去了，没想到第二天，第三天，一部分村民一些看不下去了，拿着扫帚加入了村干部的行列，直到第四天，街道被打扫得干干净净，村民们提着土篮子出门了，一看，不忍心在随地倒垃圾了，当还是懒得远走，便把垃圾拎着往自家院子旮旯一倒了事。老潘书就说，咱们分组进院子，我就不信他们能看得下眼儿去。干部和党员给村民扫院子，可不得了，村民们这回真有点羞愧难当了。躺着的跳下炕，看电视打扑克的走出屋子，纷纷从干部们手里抢夺下工具，自己动手干起来了。<br /> <br /> Secretary Pan said, for decades, except poverty, the village is also very filthy. You may even step on cow dung and sheep dung once you go out. The villagers have no decent place to eat and sleep. The rubbish were dumped here and there. The streets were scattered with rice bark, coal ash plus slop pig dung. In winter, it froze into a pile of ice while in spring, it flew all over the place.I'm embarrassed to admit. Look at the villagers, they all have grey faces, a pile of mud in their ears, and are covered in grass clippings and stains.The village party branch held a meeting to mobilize everyone to clean up the environment, but they said that they are ok with the present living environment. All day’s work has already worn them out, they have no spare energy to help build a civilized village.Seeing this, we thought we must do something to change the present situation. Thus, we decided to combine motivating the villagers to develop production and guiding the establishment of a civilized countryside.The first step was to let the village cadres take lead in going out to clean the streets. Interestingly, on the first day out, the villager also opened their doors, behind which they were peeking and sniggering, saying “There must be leaders coming to checking their work. It will not last long.” However, on the second and third day, some villagers began to join us. On the 4th day, the streets were cleaned up. When villagers went out and saw the tidiness, they could not bear to dump their rubbish anywhere. However, they didn’t bother to go far, then they ended up with dumping the rubbish at the corner of their houses.Secretary Pan said, “Then we divided into groups to clean their yards. The cadres and party members swept the villagers' yards. That’s incredible! This time the villagers began feeling embarrassed. Those who were lying down jumped off the bed and those who were watching TV and playing cards came out of the house. They grabbed the tools from the cadres and did the cleaning work themselves.<br /> <br /> ====鲁思 Lu Si====<br /> <br /> 随后，我们推出了村民“积分卡”制度，凡产业发展得好、扶贫政策掌握得好、门前卫生搞得好、孝老爱亲、邻里和睦的通过评定都能获得积分，1积分顶0.5元，凭积分卡可以到村“爱心超市”领取生活物品。<br /> <br /> Then we introduced the villagers &quot;point card&quot; system.As long as you promote industrial development, master poverty alleviation policies, improve hygiene, be filial to the elderly and care for relatives, and have harmony in the neighborhood, you can earn points through the evaluation.One point can be exchanged for 0.5 yuan, and with the point card, you can receive daily necessities at the village &quot;Love Supermarket&quot;.<br /> <br /> Then we introduced the villagers &quot;point card&quot; system.As long as you promote industrial development, master poverty alleviation policies, improve hygiene, be filial to the elderly and love your relatives, and have harmony in the neighborhood, you can earn points through the evaluation.One point can be exchanged for 0.5 yuan, and with the point card, you can receive daily necessities at the village &quot;Love Supermarket&quot;.<br /> <br /> 现在，村民都比着干，有不积极的户，念书的孩子就督促父母了，咱家为啥积分不如人家呢？为了给自己孩子做榜样，家家也都往好了干。积分实际上并不能换来多少值钱的东西，关键是一种精神推动。”<br /> <br /> Now, villagers are rushing to do it, and there are families who are not active, their children ask why our family has less points than others. In order to set an example for their children, each family actively does it, and therefore is able to urge them.The fact is that points do not exchange for much of value, the key is a spiritual boost.<br /> <br /> Now, villagers are rushing to do it. And there are families who are not active, their children ask why their family has less points than others. In order to set an example for their children, each family actively does it, and therefore is able to urge them.The fact is that points do not exchange for much of value, the key is a spiritual boost.<br /> <br /> 坐在一旁的的五分地镇镇长插话说，火车跑得快，全靠车头带。潘书记一班人自己坐得端，行的正，干的实，他们张罗什么事儿，大家都听，东他拉才有现在的好风气。 <br /> <br /> Sitting on the side of the Wu fendizhen town mayor said, &quot;the train runs fast, all depends on the front of the car”. Secretary Pan’s team to do things openly ,honestly and very upright, so what they want to do, what everyone does, Dong tala has a good atmosphere now.<br /> <br /> Town mayor Wu fendizhen who's sitting on the side said, &quot;The train runs fast. It all depends on train engine.” Secretary Pan’s team does things openly ,honestly and very upright, so what they want to do, what everyone does. Dong tala has a good atmosphere now.<br /> <br /> 我发现跟潘向学问起村里的情况，他侃侃而谈，如数家珍，可是一说他自己的事儿，他总是三言两语，一带而过，我一再追问，还是三言两语。<br /> <br /> I found that when I asked Pan Xiangxue about the situation in the village, he talked a lot, but when it came to his own affairs, he always said very little, although I kept asking him, he still said very little.<br /> <br /> I found that when I asked Pan Xiangxue about the situation in the village, he talked a lot, but when it came to his own affairs, he always said very little, although I kept asking him, he still said very little.<br /> <br /> 我说潘书记啊，我知道村书记的工资很少，那你整天在外面忙，家来靠什么过日子呢？他回答，种六十多亩地，我和老伴儿两个人一起种。<br /> 我说，你有空吗，他说老伴儿辛苦点。<br /> 我说没养点牛吗？他说没养，我说为啥，他说顾不过来。我说，你也加入合作组呗。他说那可不行，咱这身份，就不好给大家平衡事儿了。<br /> 我说潘书记，你家一年能收入多少钱，据我所知，村里的干部往往都是富裕户。<br /> <br /> I said, &quot;Secretary Pan, I know that the village secretary's salary is small, and you work outside all day, where is the family's economic source? &quot;He replied, &quot;I plant more than 60 acres of land with my wife.&quot; I said, &quot;Do you have time to farm?&quot; He said, &quot;My wife farms more.&quot; I said, &quot;Don't you have cattle?&quot; He said, &quot;No,&quot; and I said, &quot;Why?&quot; He said, &quot;I don't have time to take care of them”. I said, &quot;Why don't you join the cooperative group?&quot; He said, &quot;No, we can't do things fairly in our capacity&quot;. I said, &quot;Secretary Pan, what is your annual income? As far as I know, the village officials are very rich.<br /> <br /> I said, &quot;Secretary Pan, I know that the village secretary's salary is small, and you work outside all day. So where is your family's economic source? &quot;He replied, &quot;I plant more than 60 acres of land with my wife.&quot; I said, &quot;Do you have time to farm?&quot; He said, &quot;My wife farms more.&quot; I said, &quot;Don't you have cattle?&quot; He said, &quot;No.&quot; and I said, &quot;Why?&quot; He said, &quot;I don't have time to take care of them”. I said, &quot;Why don't you join the cooperative group?&quot; He said, &quot;No, we can't do things fairly in our capacity&quot;. I said, &quot;Secretary Pan, what is your annual income? As far as I know, the village officials are very rich.<br /> <br /> ====陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====<br /> <br /> 潘书记说，我们家也不错，一年种地能闹个五六万，加上我的工资，孩子都出去了，我们老两口也没啥别的用钱地方，完全够了。<br /> <br /> Secretary Pan said ,&quot;our family is also good. We can earn 50000 or 60000 yuan a year by farming. I have salary and our children have left home. So my wife and I no other place to spend the money. It's enough.<br /> <br /> 所以，我不用想着家来怎么发展，家里的事儿想多了，村里的事儿就会想的少了，在这个问题上两手都要抓，两头都要赢，恐怕有难度。<br /> <br /> Therefore, I don't have to think about how to develop my family. If I think more about my family, I will think less about the village. I am afraid it is difficult to give consideration to both sides.&quot;<br /> <br /> 我追问，那你什么时间下地劳动。<br /> <br /> I asked, &quot;when do you work in the field?&quot;<br /> <br /> 潘书记说，也就是见缝插针，老伴辛苦呗，她偶尔会叨咕几句，叨咕几句就让她叨咕吧，听着别吭声，就过去了。<br /> <br /> Secretary Pan said , &quot;I usually work when I'm free. My wife worked harder so she murmurs every once in a while. I just keep quiet and listen to her. &quot;<br /> <br /> 镇长插话说，咱们老潘书记啊，办事公道，一心为公。<br /> <br /> The mayor threw in, &quot;Secretary Pan is a fair man and devotes to the public.<br /> <br /> 这些年，镇政府的门槛都要被他踏破了，他找领导，没有一次是为自己什么事儿，全是村里的事儿。<br /> <br /> Over the years, he has visited the town government too frequently. He has never found a leader for himself, but for the village.<br /> <br /> 平常镇里填报什么表，整得最清楚的肯定是东他拉，开会，从来提前到会的也总是他，他为了村里的事儿，那是咬定青山不撒口，非办成不可。<br /> <br /> When there's any form to fill in in the town, the most clear one must be Dongtala Village. And Secretary Pan is also the one who always arrives in advance for meetings. He is determined to get things done for the sake of the village.<br /> <br /> 有一次，东他拉的自来水出了点毛病，那是晚上十一点多的事儿了。<br /> <br /> Once, there was something wrong with the tap water of Dongtala. It was more than eleven o'clock at night.<br /> <br /> 他来电话，请我们帮着找技术员来给检修一下，都那么晚了，怎么也得等到第二天啊，我说老潘，你先把总闸关了吧，明天上班就给你派人修。<br /> <br /> He called and asked us to find a technician to repair it. It was so late, so we had to wait until the next day. I asked Pan to shut down the main gate first and promised to send someone to repair it tomorrow.<br /> <br /> 他担心供不上水，就一个人抽着他的老旱烟，坐在水泵房，守了一夜，第二天早上工人来了，看将人家老潘两眼通红地，在门前迎他们呢。<br /> <br /> He was worried that there was no water supply, so he smoked his tobacco and sat in the water pump room for a night. The next morning, the workers came and saw Pan with red eyes welcoming them at the door.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====马明宇 Ma Mingyu====<br /> <br /> 镇长的话，老潘书记也不接。他掐断了手里的烟，对我说，老师好不容易来一趟，咱们到村里转转。不知道老师需要看什么。<br /> <br /> Secretary Pan did not accept the mayor's words. He cut off the cigarette in his hand and said to me that it was not easy for you to come here. Let's go around the village. I don't know what you need to see.<br /> <br /> 我说我情况也不熟，请潘书记引领把。镇长说他们的养殖和种植产业都做得很好， 特别扎实，效益相当好。潘书记给我推荐了农村好媳妇董丽华，还有特困户潘风一家。<br /> <br /> I said that I also didn't know, and asked Secretary Pan to lead me. The mayor said that their farming and planting industries are doing very well, especially solid, and the benefits are quite good. Secretary Pan recommended Dong Lihua, a good wife from the countryside, and Pan Feng family which is very poor to me.<br /> <br /> 董丽华是全村树文明创新风活动中大家投票评选出来的好媳妇。过去，这一带农村流传着这样的顺口溜：三金一踹移在外。什么意思呢？就是说，如果儿子要娶媳妇，媳妇像婆家提出的基本要求是要有金项链、金耳环、金戒指和一辆摩托车，外加要把公婆移到别的房子里单过，媳妇不予照顾奉养。但凡媳妇和公婆住在一起的人家，没有不打架闹矛盾的。可是董丽华可不是这样，她嫁到婆家，家里不仅有公婆，还有奶奶婆婆，八十多岁的老人，基本不能自理，新媳妇嫁过来，就每天给奶奶洗衣喂饭，端屎端尿，洗脚洗头，你不论啥时候见到老太太，都是干干净净的。后来奶奶病重，董丽华就搬到老太太屋里陪护，恐怕夜里老人有个什么闪失。村里没有开展树新风评选活动以前， 大家虽然知道董丽华是个好媳妇，但是家家户户的媳妇谁也没去想，也要争做一个好媳妇，现在，争取当个好媳妇，在全村已经蔚然成风，潘书记说，扶贫先扶志，志气包括文明程度，精神高尚才叫真正的富。<br /> <br /> Dong Lihua is a good wife elected by everyone in the activity of building a civilized and innovative style in the village. In the past, this kind of jingle spread in the countryside: Three golds, motorbike and moving out. What's the meaning? That is to say, if the son wants to take a wife, the basic requirements put forward by the wife to the mother-in-law's family are to have a gold necklace, gold earrings, gold rings and a motorbike. In addition, the parents in law should move to another house to live, and the wife will not take care of them. Every wife and mother-in-law live in the same family, there is no one who does not fight and make conflicts. However, Dong Lihua is not like that. After she married, there were not only parents in law, but also grandparents-in-law in home. Eighty year old people can hardly take care of themselves. So after Dong Lihua married, she was washing the clothes of her grandmother-in-law and feeding her, carrying her excrement and urine, washing her feet and hair every day. No matter when you see the old woman, she is always clean. Later, when grandmother-in-law was seriously ill, Dong Lihua moved to the her room to take care of her. Because she afraid that something will happen to grandmother-in-law at night. Before the election campaign to establish new trends was held in the village, everyone knew that Dong Lihua was a good wife, but every wife did not think about it and wanted to be a good wife. Now, striving to be a good wife has become a common practice in the village. Secretary Pan said that the aspiration should be alleviated first in poverty alleviation, and the aspiration includes civilization. A high spirit is actually a real wealth.<br /> <br /> ====彭琦 Peng Qi====<br /> <br /> 董丽华正在往屋抱柴火，他们家也是刚刚脱贫的贫困户。丈夫患有甲状腺病，婆婆这几天又发现了冠心病，正在住院。见到我，说起婆婆的病，董丽华说了一句我妈……眼泪就出来了，看得出婆媳之间感情是很深的。 还好，由于享受贫困户的大病兜底政策，董丽华和他的丈夫不用为医疗费犯愁，他们只要照顾好病人，把家里的活干好，绝不会再回到从前的贫困中。<br /> <br /> Dong Lihua is carrying firewood to the house. Their family is also a poor household that has just escaped poverty. Her husband suffers from thyroid disease, and her mother-in-law has been diagnosed coronary heart disease the other day and is being hospitalized. When she saw me, talking about her mother-in-law's illness, Dong Lihua said my mom…..and tears followed. I could see that she had a strong relationship with her mother-in-law. Fortunately, because of the policy of treating major illnesses for poor households for free, Dong Lihua and her husband do not have to worry about medical expenses. All they have to do is take care of the patient and do their chores at home, and will never go back to the poverty as they did.<br /> <br /> 另外一家姓潘，户主叫潘风。和潘书记是本家。这大概是我赤峰之行见到的生存状况最不如人意一家了。<br /> <br /> The other family was called Pan, and the host of the family was Pan Feng. They are from the same family as Secretary Pan. This is probably the poorest family I have seen on my trip to Chifeng.<br /> <br /> 这是由四个单身汉艰难维持的家庭。两个一辈子没有娶亲的叔叔，带着两个不到三十岁的智障侄子过日子。镇长提前告诉我，这家是潘书记本人的帮扶对象，给他们安排什么项目都做不了，种点地也总不好，到了春天管潘书记要化肥和种籽，到了冬天管潘书记要柴火，一年到头不时地还出点状况，今天病到一个叔叔，明天跑了一个侄子是随时找你，可以说是挂在潘书记身上的一个大包袱。不过潘书记不这样说，他说咋整，让我不管。我还睡不着呢。<br /> <br /> This is a family of four bachelors struggling to make ends meet. Two uncles who have never married in their lives live with two mentally handicapped nephews under the age of thirty. The mayor told me in advance that this family gets Secretary Pan's own help. But they couldn’t handle anything. In the spring, they asked Secretary Pan for fertilizer and seeds, and in the winter, they asked Secretary Pan for firewood. With all that help from Pan, there are still some problems throughout the year, for example, one uncle got sick or one nephew ran away from home, and they turned to Pan. It can be said that they are a big burden hanging on Secretary Pan. But Secretary Pan didn't say that. “what am I supposed to do, leaving them alone? Well, I couldn’t sleep with that.”, said pan.<br /> <br /> ====漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====<br /> <br /> 潘风的父亲解放战争时期参军八年，据说还给一位大首长当过警卫员，在一次战斗中被子弹打穿脚掌，本来解放了，却一个任性就不干了，回乡娶媳妇成家，生了三儿一女。女儿远嫁，由于穷，三个儿子都说不上媳妇，最后父母倾家荡产给老大娶了一个智障媳妇，生下两个智障儿子。另外两个兄弟一直单身，后来老大和他的妻子病逝。这两个单身的叔叔只好接手两个智障的侄子，带着他们一起生活。<br /> 我走进他们家院子，一看，环境并不是我想象的那样颓废，房子是新盖的，满院子堆放着收下的玉米，还养着几头驴，大叔在喂驴。潘书记说，二叔潘风前一阵骨折了，拄着拐呢。进了屋，看到了二叔潘风，那两个智障的侄子也凑到我们跟前。潘风的衣服一看就好久没洗了，衣襟黑亮，像铁片。两个侄子倒是穿的还算整洁，问他们叫啥名字，还能说清楚，站了一会儿，他们就显示出病态了，眼神呆滞，浑身动作不协调。说实话，我再不敢细看这小哥俩，连给他们拍一张照片的勇气都没有。他们的叔叔潘风说他们的身体好多了，那么他们之前的样子我更是不敢想象，无论如何，对于我来说，这两个年轻人，都在述说着这个世界的无情，都是让我们对生命无奈又伤痛的直视。我一向软弱，许多年我宁可选择闭上眼睛，也不愿意看人类的伤口，他们一点错都没有，可是我的怜悯可以给他们一丝丝根本性的帮助吗？生活的残酷，让我手无缚鸡之力的作家，很是害怕。我无语，只好把墙上他们的父亲的军装照拍了下里，留作一种记忆资料。我在赤峰的扶贫攻坚采访全程中，只有他们全家没有留下照片。我知道最后会有一些遗憾，但是我的尽头刻意地回避了这<br /> <br /> Pan Feng's father has joined the army for eight years during the Liberation War. It is said that he also worked as a guard for a senior leader. He was shot in the foot in a battle. But after the war he gave up. He returned home to marry his wife and gave birth to three sons and a daughter. The daughter married far away from the home. Because he was poor, none of the three sons could get married. Finally, the parents poured all of their money to help the eldest son marry a woman with intellectual disabilities, and they gave birth to two sons with intellectual disabilities. The other two brothers remained single until the eldest brother and his wife died of illness. These two single uncles had to take over two mentally handicapped nephews and lead them to live together. When I walked into their yard, I saw that the environment was not as decadent as I thought. The house was newly built. The yard was full of corn, and there were several donkeys. Uncle was feeding the donkeys. Secretary Pan said that his second uncle, Pan Feng, had broken a bone for a while and was on crutches. Entering the house, we saw the second uncle Pan Feng, and the two nephews with mental retardation also came to us. Pan Feng's clothes have not been washed for a long time, since the front of his clothes was black and bright, like iron. But the two nephews were neatly dressed. When asked what their names were, they could explain clearly. After standing for a while, they showed a morbid state, with dull eyes and uncoordinated movements. To tell the truth, I dare not take a closer look at these two brothers. I don't even have the courage to take a picture of them. Their uncle Pan Feng said that their health was much better, so I couldn't imagine what they looked like before. Anyway, for me, these two young people are telling about the ruthlessness of the world, which makes us look at life helplessly and painfully. I have always been weak. For many years, I would rather close my eyes than look at human wounds. They are not wrong at all, but can my pity give them a bit of fundamental help? As a weak writer, I am afraid of the cruelty of life. Speechless as I was, I had to take a picture of their father's military uniform on the wall as a memory. During my interview with Chifeng on poverty alleviation, only their family did not leave any photos. I know that there will be some regrets in the end, but I deliberately shun this family at the end.<br /> <br /> ====覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====<br /> <br /> 我赶紧转移话题，伸手去摸他们家的炕，炕是有温度的，这让我有些释然，看看他们家的厨房，剩余在锅里的饭食虽然潦草粗糙的，可以看出，他们吃饱是没有问题。两个叔叔已经五十大多，两个侄子也三十多了，这一年年，他们是这么过来的？他们的生活状况告诉我，中国贫困问题的历史沉疴是多么深根深蒂固，而脱贫攻坚之战又是多么刻不容缓。然而，潘风几乎是带着满脸的喜悦告诉我——好多了，比起以前的日子，那是天大的变化。我们原来住在危房里，吃了上顿愁下顿，是潘书记个人出了一万多元，补贴在扶贫危房改造资金里，帮他们买了这套宽敞的新房子，看病费用也百分之百由医保和专项资金报销，我们爷四个种玉米，养几头驴，又得到了扶贫政策的支持，人均收入已经达到目前的脱贫标准。看得出潘风一家很知足。我的心情还是有些沉重。 拄着拐杖的潘峰一直把我们送到屋外，还要送到大门外，被我坚决拦住。如果让我在他面前坐上汽车，疾驰而去，我会感到羞耻。我对潘书记说，我要是当你这个书记，愁也愁死了。潘书记说，唉，村里就这样，天天揪着你的心。杨明霞告诉我，潘书记四个孩子中 有三个在大城市读书后就业，他老伴很想住到城里去过安逸清闲的日子，潘书记不去，他放不下自己的村子和自己的乡亲。<br /> <br /> I changed the subject directly and reached out to touch the bed in their house. It was warm, that made me feel relaxed. Looking into the kitchen, the leftovers in the pot were not exquisite at all, but it could be seen that it was no problem to fill up their stomach. Both two uncles in the house were more than fifty years old, and the two nephews were also about thirty. How they came through over these years? I realized from their living conditions, the historical sickness of poverty in China is deep-rooted and the fight against poverty can not be delayed anymore. However, Pan Feng told me with great delight-- “It’s much better than the days before. That’s a huge change. We used to live in the decrepit house, worried about the next meal every day. Secretary Pan donated more than 10,000 yuan personally into the funds for Renovation of Decrepit Houses. It helped us to have this spacious and new house. And the cost of medical care is also 100% reimbursed by Health Insurance and Special Funds. My family, all four people, have planted corns and raised a few donkeys. And now we’re also supported by the Poverty Alleviation Policy, our per capita income has reached the current standard.” I could know that his family was very content, but my heart was still a bit heavy. Pan Feng sent us outside the house on crutches, he still wanted to send to the gate. I stopped him resolutely. I would felt shamed if I get in the car and speed away in front of him. I said to Secretary Pan, “If I were you, I would have worried to death.” “Alas, that’s how the village always be, gripping your heart every day.” Yang Mingxia told me that there were three of the four children in Secretary Pan’s house employed after study. His wife wanted to live leisurely and relaxing days with him in the city, but he rejected. He couldn’t put down his village and folks.</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Chunfeng_EN_3&diff=149465 Chunfeng EN 3 2022-11-03T04:53:02Z <p>Li Hong: /* 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun */</p> <hr /> <div>*Back to the [[Book_projects]]<br /> *For the students of the MA class [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022]]: The Wiki Admin will distribute the paragraphs to you and indicate your names beneath in the text. The Wiki admin will add the student names.<br /> *For the students of the BA class [[Translation Theory ZH-DE 2022]]: Please select another book project, which is translated into German. The Wiki admin will add the student names.<br /> <br /> This page originally only contained the Chinese text. Now the English translation is added. Therefore the page gets too long and may exceed the database space for each webpage one day. In order to avoid this, the text now is split into 5 sections. You can jump directly to the sections here:<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN]] with discussion table / list of terms<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_1]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_2]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_3]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_4]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_5]]<br /> <br /> == '''Discussiontable''' ==<br /> <br /> …for a consistent translation of:<br /> - names of places, people etc <br /> - titles of literary, historical works<br /> - technical terms<br /> - quotes<br /> - idioms, figures of speech<br /> <br /> (Please record here recurring words with the respective translation, your name, date and comments, if there are any. You may also suggest and discuss changes.)<br /> <br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Chin. Origial''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Translation''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Date/Translator''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Comments''' <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> <br /> ====白婷 Bai Ting ====<br /> <br /> 沙地变绿了，集体经济开始壮大，为了改善牧民的生活水平，在根登老书记带领下，合作社先后办起了缝纫厂、乳粉厂、酿酒厂、修配厂，还建起了沼气池。在遥远闭塞的草原深处，在落后贫困的生活状况中，他们创造了崭新的好日子。我看见了，照片上旧日的蹦蹦房，茅草房，也看见了牧民在沙地工厂里劳动的情景；我看见了整体搬到馆内的当初老书记的故居，真的是简朴到现在的人们无法想象，报纸糊墙，唯一的家具就是那张油漆脱落的小炕桌，僧格苏木达告诉我，老书记直到去世，一直在乌兰敖都嘎查过着一个普通农民的生活。我还看到，合作社的工厂却是另一番气派——酿酒的蒸馏器，加工面粉的电磨，十数台脚踏缝纫机，院子里的东方红拖拉机，马拉收割机，都是当时最先进的，最高档的。<br /> 僧格苏木达徐徐道来——日子越过越红火，乌兰敖都社员的集体主义精神越高涨，干劲倍增，每一个人都把希望和幸福和合作社连在一起，他们自力更生，艰苦奋斗，用辛勤的汗水，浇灌着社会主义新牧区的田园。那时候，乌兰敖都合作社社员们的平均工资可观，已经高过当地普通干部的收入，家家户户都住进了有玻璃窗和电灯的新房，许多社员家里买上了收音机，缝纫机，钟表，挂钟，乌兰敖都的小伙子成了周边草原姑娘们心中的金鞍骏马。<br /> <br /> As the sand turned green, the collective economy began to expand. To improve the living standards of herders, the old secretary Gengden had led the cooperative to set up a sewing factory, a milk powder factory, a winery, a repair factory, and a digester successively. Backward and poor as the living conditions were, they created a new good day in the depth of the grassland that was remote and closed. I saw pictures of old trampolines and thatched houses, pastoralists working in sand factories, and the former residence to which the secretary had moved wholly. The house was really simple and unimaginable to people today, as the wall was plastered with newspaper, and the only furniture was the small Kang table with paint falling off. <br /> Sangge Sumuda told me that the old secretary had lived as simple a life in Ulan Aodugacha as an ordinary farmer until his death. I also saw a different scene in the factories of the cooperative —— a still to make wine, an electric mill to process flour, a dozen treadle sewing machines, a Dongfanghong tractor in the yard, and a horse harvester, all of which were the most advanced and upscale of their times. <br /> Sengge Sumuda spoke out—— the better the days went, the higher spirit of collectivism the members of Ulan Aodu Cooperative had, and the more vigorous they were. Every one of them connected their hope and happiness with the cooperative so that they irrigated the countryside of the new socialist pastoral area with their efforts and hard work. At that time, the members of Ulan Aodu Cooperative enjoyed an average salary considerable and higher than that of ordinary local cadres. In this case, every family lived in a new house with glass windows and electric lights. Many members purchased radios, sewing machines, clocks, and wall clocks. And the boys of Ulan Aodu became the golden horses of the girls in the surrounding grasslands.<br /> <br /> As the sand turned green, the collective economy began to expand. To improve the living standards of herders, the old secretary Gengden had led the cooperative to set up a sewing factory, a milk powder factory, a winery, a repair factory, and a biogas digester successively. Backward and poor as the living conditions were, they created a new good day in the depth of the grassland that was remote and closed. I saw pictures of old trampolines and thatched houses, pastoralists working in sand factories, and the former residence of the old secretary which had moved to the museum wholly. The house was really simple and unimaginable to people today, as the wall was plastered with newspaper, and the only furniture was the small Kang table with paint falling off. Sangge Sumuda told me that the old secretary had lived as an ordinary farmer in Ulan Aodugacha until his death.I also saw a different scene in the factories of the cooperative —— a distiller to make wine, an electric mill to process flour, more than a dozen treadle sewing machines, a Dongfanghong tractor in the yard, and a horse harvester, all of which were the most advanced and upscale of their times. Sengge Sumuda spoke out—— the better the days went, the higher spirit of collectivism the members of Ulan Aodu Cooperative had, and the more vigorous they were. Every one of them connected their hope and happiness with the cooperative. They are self-reliant, work hard, and irrigated the countryside of the new socialist pastoral area with their hard work. At that time, the members of Ulan Aodu Cooperative enjoyed an average salary considerable which was already higher than the income of ordinary local cadres. In this case, every family lived in a new house with glass windows and electric lights. Many members purchased radios, sewing machines, clocks, and wall clocks. And the boys of Ulan Aodu became the golden saddle horses of the girls in the surrounding grasslands.<br /> <br /> ====蔡思 Cai Si ====<br /> <br /> 2016年，阿什罕苏木政府为弘扬乌兰敖都畜牧合作社的光荣传统，在原乌兰敖都嘎查老村部院落基础上复原建立了这个纪念馆，真实地再现了乌兰敖都畜牧业合作社从酝酿建立到发展壮大的全过程。这个陈列馆所保留的既是历史的记忆，也是老书记留下的宝贵精神财富，激励着草原上的人们继续前行。 <br /> 我站在根登书记的照片下，久久仰望。根登同志，1950年加入中国共产党，1952年带领十八户贫苦牧民办起牧区第一个牧业合作社，先后担任合作社主任、大队党支部副书记、书记，多次被评为旗、盟、热河省、内蒙古自治区劳动模范，两次被评为全国劳动模范，十次出席省、自治区、全国农牧业先进集体代表会议。1957年2月，根登参加了全国七千人劳模大会，并在中南海受到了毛泽东、周恩来、邓小平、彭德怀等党和国家领导人的接见。此后，又在1958年、1959年、1967年三次受到毛泽东等中央领导的接见；1978年2月，根登受到华国锋、叶剑英、邓小平等中央领导的接见；1981年11月，受到邓小平等中央领导的接见。1978年根登当选为五届全国政协委员 。<br /> <br /> In 2016, in order to carry forward the glorious tradition of Ulan-Aodu Animal Husbandry Cooperative, the Ashhansumu government restored and established this memorial hall on the basis of the old village of Ulan-Aodu Gacha, which truly reproduced the whole process of the Ulan-Aodu Animal Husbandry Cooperative from preparation to development. This exhibition hall preserves not only the memory of history, but also the precious spiritual wealth left by the old secretary, inspiring people of the prairies to move forward. I stood under the picture of Secretary Genden and looked up at it for a long time. Gendeng ,joined the Communist Party of China in 1950, led 18 poor herdsmen to set up the first pastoral cooperative in pastoral areas in 1952, successively hold the director of the cooperative, deputy secretary and secretary of the party branch of the brigade, was named a model worker in the Banner, the League, Rehe Province, and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region for several times,was named a national model worker twice, and attended 10 meetings of provincial, autonomous regional, and national advanced agricultural and animal husbandry collectives. In February 1957, Genden attended the National Conference with 7,000 Model Workers and was received by Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Deng Xiaoping, Peng Dehuai and other party and national leader in Zhongnanhai. After that, he was received by Mao Zedong and other central leadership three times in 1958, 1959 and 1967; In February 1978, Genden was received by the central leaders of Hua Guofeng, Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping; In November 1981, he was received by the central leadership of Deng Xiaoping. In 1978, Genden was elected as a member of the Fifth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.<br /> <br /> ====陈婧 Chen Jing====<br /> <br /> 僧格苏木达说，到阿什罕，还必须要到沙地里走一走看一看，才能理解根登老书记当年的苦心，才能感受到新一代阿什罕人誓将黄沙变绿野的雄心壮志。阿什罕苏木党委和政府带领广大农牧民群众，通过治沙，令百万亩沙丘旧貌变新颜，使得一大批贫困户脱贫摘帽，阿什罕苏木所辖的乌兰敖都嘎查，昔日辉煌重现，今日尽显新貌。<br /> <br /> Singh Sumudar said, in Ashikhan, one also has to walk in the sand and take a look at it. Only in this way can he understand the painstaking efforts of the old secretary of Gendeng back then and feel the ambition of the new generation of Ashikhan people who vowed to turn the yellow sand into green fields. Under the leadership of the party committee and the government of Ashkham Sumu, the masses of farmers and herdsmen transformed millions of mu of sand dunes into a new look through desertification control, making a large number of impoverished households out of poverty. Ulan Aodu, a village within the jurisdiction of Ashkham Sumu, has revived its past glories and displayed its new look to the fullest nowadays.<br /> <br /> 听了僧格苏木达的介绍，我不由心向往之。 车沿穿沙公路慢行，窗外是碧蓝的天，洁白的云，布满草木的沙原呈现无边的金色，虽然正值初冬，我看不见绿野繁花的景象，但是我凭借对草原的熟知，慢慢地从一片金黄中辨识出了不同的草木。最多的应该是白拧条、黄柳、沙打旺等，看来固沙治沙，还得依靠这些草原本土的耐寒耐旱植物。<br /> <br /> After listening to Singh Sumudar's introduction, I couldn't help longing for it. The car was running slowly along the dessert-crossing highway. Outside the window were the blue skies and white clouds. The sand plain, covered with grasses and trees, made its presence boundless gold. Although it was early winter and I couldn’t see the scene of green fields and blooming flowers, with my familiarity of the grassland, gradually I recognized the different plants from a patch of golden yellow. The most among them should be Caragana korshinskii, yellow willow and Astragalus laxmannii Jacquin etc. It seemed that we still had to rely on these cold-resistant and drought-resistant plants which originally grew in the grasslands to stabilize the sand and control desertification.<br /> <br /> 从草木植被的密度看，科尔沁沙地虽然流动性大，但是有机质含量较高，//只要把沙子固定住，植物的成活率还是很高的。可谓，治理前，白沙茫茫，草原千疮百孔，一片荒芜，治理后，绿海无垠，大野芳菲，到处生机盎然。<br /> <br /> The density of vegetation of Horqin Sandy Land was fluctuating greatly, but it contained rich organic contents. As long as the sand was fixed, the survival rate of plants could be very high. It can be said that, before the desertification control, there were endless white sands and desolate grasslands full of holes; after it, the boundless green fields were fragrant and full of life.<br /> <br /> ====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====<br /> <br /> 阿什罕苏木因治沙成果显著，先后荣获全国防沙治沙先进集体荣誉称号、内蒙古自治区民族团结进步模范集体称号，乌兰敖都嘎查被评为全国民族团结进步模范集体，阿什罕的治沙成果还引起了了联合国的关注，有的国家慕名派人到这里参现学习，把阿什罕的经验带到了四面八方。<br /> 僧格苏木达介绍，阿什罕苏木总土地面积的百分之八十都是沙地，当地曾流传这样的顺口溜，“人迷眼，马失蹄，白天点灯不稀奇”，道出了当时恶劣的沙化环境。从2009年起阿什罕人以老书记为榜样，使用“一路治沙”模式，打响了治沙攻坚战，先后修通了三条总长一百余公里的穿沙公路。经过几年建设，植被覆盖率由过去的21.9%，增加到60%。全苏木一百一十七万亩沙化土地，均得到了有效的控制和综合治理。为了这片绿洲，一代代治沙人贡献了最宝贵的青春芳华，奉献了全部的力量和智慧。几年来，苏木采取超常规举措，打造现代生态产业集群，在生态扶贫方式等方面，进行了大胆创新，创造了一个符合苏木实际的特色扶贫治富模式。<br /> <br /> Ashhan Sumu had won the honorary title of the National Advanced Collective in Combating Desertification and the Nei Monggol Autonomous Region Model Collective for Ethnic Unity and Progress due to its obvious achievements in desertification control. One of its administrative region, Ulan Ao Dugacha, had been rated as a Model Collective of National Unity and Progress. Moreover, the achievements of sand control in Ashhan had also attracted the attention of the United Nations. Some countries even sent some people to visit and study here, bringing the experience of Ashhan all around. Sangge Sumuda introduced that 80 percent of the total land area of Ashhan Sumu is sandy land. There was a popular local phrase, &quot;People lose their eyes, horses lose their feet, it is not uncommon to light a lamp during the day&quot;, which revealed the harsh desertification environment at that time. Since 2009, following the example of the old secretary, the Ashhan people have launched a project to control sand by using the mode of &quot;Controlling Sand All The Way&quot;, and have successively built three roads crossing the desert with a total length of more than 100 kilometers. After several years of construction, the vegetation coverage rate has increased from 21.9 percent to 60 percent. The 1,170,000 mu of desertified land in the whole area has been effectively controlled and comprehensively managed. For this oasis, generations of sand control people have contributed the most precious youth, dedicated all the strength and wisdom. In recent years, Sumu has taken extraordinary measures to build a modern ecological industry cluster, and made bold innovations in the ways of ecological poverty alleviation, creating a characteristic mode of poverty alleviation and wealth management in line with the reality of Sumu.<br /> <br /> Due to the remarkable effect of desertification control, Ashhan Sumu had won the honorary title of the National Advanced Collective in Combating Desertification and the Nei Monggol Autonomous Region Model Collective for Ethnic Unity and Progress. One of its administrative region, Ulan Ao Dugacha, had been rated as a Model Collective of National Unity and Progress. Moreover, the achievements of sand control in Ashhan had also attracted the attention of the United Nations. Some countries even sent some people to visit and study here, bringing the experience of Ashhan all around. Sangge Sumuda introduced that 80 percent of the total land area of Ashhan Sumu is sandy land. There was a popular local jingle, &quot;It is not uncommon to light a lamp in the daytime when people are dazzled and horses stumbled&quot;, which revealed the harsh desertification environment at that time. Since 2009, following the example of the old secretary, the Ashhan people have launched a battle against sand by using the mode of &quot;Controlling Sand All The Way&quot;, and have successively built three roads crossing the desert with a total length of more than 100 kilometers. After several years of construction, the vegetation coverage rate has increased from 21.9 percent to 60 percent. The 1,170,000 acres of desertified land in the whole area has been effectively controlled and comprehensively managed. For this oasis, generations of sand control people have contributed the most precious youth, dedicated all the strength and wisdom. In recent years, Sumu has taken extraordinary measures to build a modern ecological industry cluster, and made bold innovations in terms of ecological poverty alleviation, creating a characteristic mode of poverty alleviation and wealth management in line with the reality of Sumu.<br /> <br /> ====陈思阳 Chen Siyang====<br /> <br /> 目前全苏木沙地上的公益林达到十八万亩，其中十二万亩归贫困户所有，年公益林补助资金二百余万元，苏木的一千一百多贫困人口，人均获利一千余元；全苏木共招聘护林员八十四名，其中包括四十六名贫困户，他们每人年收入达一万元；苏木投资近百万元，从吉林引进加工设备，在苏木六个嘎查各安装一条生产线，把含高蛋白的白柠条等沙生植物加工成饲草料，全苏木有白柠条面积六十余万亩，通过隔年倒茬生态良性循环方式，分三批平茬，一年二十万亩，一亩可获利二百元，这样一年可创产值四千余万元，让群众获利；苏木投入资金二百多万元，高标准建设了乌兰敖都嘎查宝门银沙海生态旅游景区，带动一百多贫困户发展肉食、奶食、民族刺绣等产业，户均年增收一万余元，实现了旅游精准扶贫，达到共同富裕的目标。<br /> <br /> At present, there are 180,000 acres of public welfare forests in the Sumu’s sandland, 120,000 acres of which are owned by poor households. The annual public welfare forest subsidy is more than 2 million yuan, and the average income of more than 1,100 poor people in Sumu is more than 1,000 yuan. A total of 84 forest rangers were recruited, including 46 from poor households, each with an annual income of 10,000 yuan; With an investment of nearly one million yuan, Sumu imported processing equipments from Jilin and installed a production line in each of the six gacha of Sumu to process sand plants such as white caragana korshinskii with high protein into forage. There are white caragana korshinskii covering an area of over 600,000 acres. Through the ecological virtuous cycle of cropping overyear, they’re divided into three batches of cropping with two hundred thousand acres a year, and one acre can profit two hundred yuan, so more than four million yuan of output value can be created, profiting the masses; Sumu invested more than two million yuan to build Baomen Yinsha Sea ecological tourism scenic spot with a high standard in its administrative region-Ulan Ao Du gacha, driving more than 100 poor households to develop meat, milk food, ethnic embroidery and other industries. All these efforts resulted in an increase of more than 10,000 yuan in average annual household income, achieved targeted poverty alleviation in tourism and the goal of common prosperity. <br /> <br /> At present, there are about 180,000 acres of public welfare forests in all sand lands in Sumu village, among the total, 120,000 acres are owned by poor households. The annual public welfare forest subsidy is more than 2 million yuan, and the average income of more than 1,100 poor people in Sumu village is more than 1,000 yuan. A total of 84 forest rangers were recruited in Sumu village, 46 of them are from poor households, each with an annual income of about 10,000 yuan. With an investment of nearly 1 million yuan, they imported processing equipment from Jilin province, China, and installed a production line in each of the six gacha of Sumu to process sand plants such as white caragana korshinskii which contains high protein into forages. White caragana korshinskii there covers an area of over 600,000 acres. Through the ecological virtuous cycle of cropping over the year, they're divided into 3 batches of cropping with 200,000 acres a year, and they can profit 200 yuan from each acre so that more than 4 million yuan of output value can be created, which profits the villagers a lot. They invested more than 2 million yuan to build Baomen Yinsha Sea ecological tourism scenic spot with a high standard in its administrative region -- Ulan Ao Du gacha, driving more than 100 poor households to develop meat, dairy, ethnic embroidery, and other industries. All these efforts resulted in an increase of more than 10,000 yuan in average annual household income and achieved targeted poverty alleviation in tourism and the goal of common prosperity. <br /> <br /> 僧格苏木达随手从地下捡起一些他们种下的植物残枝落叶，一一告诉我哪一种可以做牛羊饲料，是如何原生态又富于营养；哪一种可以编织柳条手工艺，在国际市场上广受青睐，哪一种可以加工成建筑材料……这片绿洲已经给予了深爱故乡、治沙不止的阿什罕人丰厚的回报。<br /> <br /> Monk Sumuda picked up some of the plants they had planted from the ground and told me one by one which could be used as fodder for cattle and sheep, how it was both ecological and nutritious, which can weave wicker handicraft, widely popular in the international market, and which can be processed into building materials……This oasis has paid off handsomely for the Ashhan people who love their hometown deeply and control the sand.<br /> <br /> Monk Sumuda picked up some branches and leaves of the plants they had planted. He told me one by one which one could be used as fodder for cattle and sheep, and how it's both ecological and nutritious; which one can weave wicker handicraft, which is widely popular in the international market; which one can be processed into building materials...... This oasis has paid off handsomely for the Ashhan people who love their hometown deeply and tackle problems occurring in sand lands.<br /> <br /> ====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====<br /> <br /> 在陪同我参观的过程中，我多次听到僧格苏木达的电话铃声响起，他太忙了，总有处理不完的事情，解决不完的问题。自从开始脱贫攻坚决胜之战，他不仅一天都没有休息过，还要把一天二十四个小时当成四十八个小时使用，已经数不清开了多少个会，多少次踏入贫苦户的家门。<br /> <br /> I heard Monk Sumu Da’s phone ringing for many times while he was accompanying my tour. He was so busy, always having too many things to handle and too many problems to solve. Since the decisive battle against poverty began, he has not only never rested, but also used 24 hours as 48 hours. We can’t count how many meetings he held and how many poor households he visited and helped.<br /> <br /> I heard sengge sumuda's phone ring for several times when he was accompanying me to visit. He was too busy, always having endless things to handle and endless problems to solve. Since the decisive battle against poverty began, he has not only never taken a break, but also used 24 hours of a day as 48 hours. It can't be counted how many meetings he has taken part in and how many poor households he has visited and helped.<br /> <br /> 干工作，他主张民字为本、实字为先、干字当头，自己首先身体力行，为了提高工作效率，他要求苏木食堂每天早晨提前一个小时开饭，吃饭时部署当天任务；晚上听取各工作队工作情况汇报，为第二天工作如何开展及早谋划。<br /> <br /> As for work, Sumu Da advocated “people is the basis, real progress is the priority, working hard is the first thing to do”, and he did this in person. In order to improve work efficiency, he asked the Sumu Canteen to open an hour earlier every morning, all workers should deploy today’s tasks during breakfast; in the evening, each task force should report today’s working conditions and make an early plan for the next day's work.<br /> <br /> As for work, Sumu Da advocated “people is the base, practical progress is the priority, working hard is the urgency”. And he firstly set an example by personally carrying out these principles. In order to improve work efficiency, he asked the Sumu Canteen to open an hour earlier every morning, and arranged tasks of the day when having the breakfast. In the evening, he listened to the work report of each task force so as to make an early plan for the next day's work.<br /> <br /> 为了重点解决“两不愁、三保障”方面存在的问题，他统领全体干部，对苏木一千九百五十六户常住户开展了四次一户不落的全面摸排调查工作，共发现危房改造、安全饮水、健康扶贫、道路交通、电力保障等影响高质量脱贫方面的问题三十六个，他一方面及时召开班子会研究解决办法，一方面积极与上级有关部门联系沟通，促使问题全部得到解决。<br /> <br /> To make major efforts to solve problems occurring in “two assurances and three guarantees”, he guided all the cadres to conduct 4 overall searches of 1,956 resident households in Sumu village. They found 36 problems in the rebuilding of dilapidated houses, drinking water safety, health-related poverty alleviation, road traffic, and power security, which have been impacting the proceeding of high-quality poverty alleviation. He not only held a timely group meeting to study the solution to those problems, but also actively communicated with the superior departments concerned, so as to promote solving all problems.<br /> <br /> To make major efforts to solve problems concerning“two assurances and three guarantees”, he guided all the cadres to conduct 4 overall searches of 1,956 resident households in Sumu. They found 36 problems in total，such as the renovation of dilapidated houses, drinking water safety, health-related poverty alleviation, road traffic, and power security, which have impacted the proceeding of high-quality poverty alleviation. On the one hand, he held a timely group meeting to study the solution to those problems. On the other hand, he actively communicated with the superior departments concerned, so as to promote the settlement of all problems.<br /> <br /> ====丁粤 Ding Yue====<br /> <br /> 僧格苏木达深知，贫困群众自身创业门路不多，市场风险大等，于是实施了“党支部+合作社+基地+贫困户”的运作模式,以六十二家产业园、专业合作组织、家庭牧场和养殖大户为抓手，推动整个苏木舍饲高效畜牧业迅速发展。牧业年度牲畜存栏达到15.079万头只， 同时拉动地区民族手工艺品、绿色肉奶产品走向外埠市场；还通过政府补贴形式在那林高勒嘎查新建两千亩高标准绿色有机水稻基地，通过深加工精包装，品牌打造出售，使牧民人均增收一千五百元以上。<br /> <br /> Senge sumuda is well aware that there are not many ways for poor people to start their own businesses, and the market risk is high. Therefore, the operation mode of &quot;Party branch+cooperative+base+poor households&quot; was implemented, which took 62 industrial parks, professional cooperative organizations, family ranches and large breeding households as the starting point to promote the rapid development of the whole Sumu Shed feeding efficient livestock industry. The annual livestock stock of animal husbandry reached 150790. And at the same time, it has encouraged the local ethnic handicrafts and green meat and milk products to export to markets out of the local town; A 2000 mu high standard green organic rice base was also built in Nalingaole gacha in the form of government subsidies. Through adopting the marketing strategies including deep processing, fine packaging, and brand building, herdsmen's per capita income increased by more than 1500 yuan.<br /> <br /> 针对苏木地广人稀，居住分散的情况，他积极想办法，多方协调，为全苏木六个嘎查、二十二个自然村全部修通了硬化路，为八十五户沙漠深处的牧民安装上风光互补发电设备，解决了他们的用电问题。他带领全苏木七千多党员干部和牧民群众，为打赢脱贫攻坚战奋力拼搏 ，2018年达到四个重点贫困嘎查全部出列，2019年底， 阿什罕高日苏嘎查代表苏木接受了市级初审，以零问题的成绩得到肯定。高日苏、珠日干格日两个嘎查接受了自治区第三方评估验收和国家成效考核，均取得较好成绩。全苏木共有四百八十户、一千一百六十名贫困群众如期脱贫，贫困发生率下降至0.09%<br /> <br /> In view of the sparsely populated area and scattered living conditions in Sumu, he actively sought for ways to coordinate with all parties. As a result, hardened roads have been built for all six Gachas and 22 natural villages in Sumu, and wind and light complementary power generation equipments have been installed for 85 households of herdsmen living in the deep desert to solve their power problem. He led more than 7000 party members, cadres and herdsmen in Sumu to work hard to win the battle against poverty. In 2018, all four major poor gachas were lifted out of the poverty. At the end of 2019, Ashihangaorisu gacha, on behalf of Sumu, accepted the preliminary review at the municipal level and was praised for zero problem results. Gaorisu gacha and Zhurigangeri gacha accepted the third-party evaluation and acceptance of the autonomous region and the national performance assessment, and achieved good results in both the evaluation and the assessment. A total of 480 households and 1160 poor people in Sumu were lifted out of poverty as scheduled, and the incidence of poverty dropped to 0.09%.<br /> <br /> ====付静 Fu Jing====<br /> <br /> “脚下沾有多少泥沙，心中就有多少真情。”初冬的夕阳映照着僧格苏木达黝黑的脸庞，草屑沾满了他的裤腿，泥沙覆盖了他的双脚。战斗正未有穷其，路漫漫兮修远，他的眼睛里充满憧憬和豪情，按照党中央国务院的要求，脱贫不摘帮扶，扶贫攻坚决胜之年，新农村振兴的蓝图已经展现在阿什罕的大地上，在中国走向辉煌的历史的进程中，老书记根登的脚印历历在目，新书记僧格任重而道远。 <br /> 当我们趟过灌木草丛，离开阿什罕治沙现场的时候，天地无垠，万籁俱寂，这里的草原静悄悄。但是我知道这里的每一个生命都没有沉睡，都在冬天里无声地成长，我闭上眼睛，眼前浮现出一片萋萋沃野，玫紫色的羊柴，被我们草原孩子称为鸡蛋花的白拧条花，像小米般一粒粒鹅黄淡紫的草苜蓿花，还有那隐于草丛中山兔、狐狸、野鸡，顷刻间都栩栩如生地呼唤着我，仿佛有阵阵芬芳将我包围，我真的激动了，为这片失而复得的福地，为这片起死回生的草原，为阿什罕人亲手缔造的日月新天。<br /> <br /> &quot;The more dirt is under the feet, the more true love is in the heart.&quot; The setting sun in early winter shone on Sange Sumuda's dark face, grass clippings stained his trouser legs and silt covered his feet. The battle was not over and there was a long way to go, but his eyes were full of longing and pride. Poor regions could still get government support and help after they were lifted out of poverty at the request of the Party Central Committee and the State Council. In the decisive year of poverty alleviation, the blueprint for the revitalization of the new countryside had been shown on the land of Ashkand and in the process of China's history to the glory. The footprints of the old secretary Gendeng were visible, and the new secretary Singh with heavy responsibility had a long way to go. When we walked through the bushes and grasses and left the Ashkand sand control site, the world was boundless and quiet.But I knew that every life here was not sleeping but growing silently in the winter. I closed my eyes and all the images rose in front of me: a vast fertile field with rose-purple Hedysarum mongdicum Turz Var, white flowers of Intermediate peashrub called egg flowers by children living on the grassland, the light-yellow and lavender alfalfa flowers shaped like grains of millet, as well as hares, foxes and pheasants hidden in the grass. For a moment, it seemed that all these were calling to me vividly and I was surrounded by bursts of fragrance. I was so excited for the recovered blessed land, for the revived grassland, and for the new life created by the Ashland’s themselves.<br /> <br /> <br /> &quot;How much mud and sand is under your feet, how much truth is in your heart.&quot; The early winter sunset reflected Sengesuda's dark face, grass clippings covered his trouser legs and mud covered his feet.The battle was not over and there was a long way to go, but his eyes were full of longing and pride. Poor regions could still get government support and help after they were lifted out of poverty at the request of the Party Central Committee and the State Council. In the decisive year of poverty alleviation, the blueprint for the revitalization of the new countryside had been shown on the land of Ashkand and in the process of China's history to the glory. The footprints of the old secretary Gendeng were visible, and the new secretary Singh still had a long way to go. When we walked through the bushes and grasses and left the Ashkand sand control site, the world was boundless and quiet. But I knew that every life here was not sleeping but growing silently in the winter. I closed my eyes and all the images rose in front of me: a vast fertile field with rose-purple Hedysarum mongdicum Turz Var, white flowers of Intermediate peashrub called egg flowers by children living on the grassland, the light-yellow and lavender alfalfa flowers shaped like grains of millet, as well as hares, foxes and pheasants hidden in the grass. For a moment, it seemed that all these were calling to me vividly. As if there are bursts of fragrance will surround me, I am really excited, for this piece of lost and recovered blessed land, for this piece of grassland back to life, for the new life the Ashhan people created<br /> <br /> ====高燕 Gao Yan====<br /> <br /> 咬钢嚼铁的女支书<br /> 一<br /> <br /> 赤峰人能说会道，词儿硬，他们的语言带着大兴安岭山地的鲜活以及农耕文明的机智,风格极其鲜明。在赤峰行走采访，他们嘴里的两个当地常用语给我留下深刻印象，一个是咬钢嚼铁，另一个是快马急枪。 <br /> 快马急枪的事儿咱后说，先说咬钢嚼铁。一个敢于用尽生命之力，去攻克不可想象的困难，犹如用牙齿去嚼铁，终于把铁给嚼碎了的人，你想他的主意得多正，耳朵根子得多硬，意志得有多坚强？<br /> 这个人还是位女性，今年快五十了，不知道哪个记者给开的个头，网上都叫她萌婶儿。<br /> 她就是赤峰市松山区大庙乡党委副书记兼小庙子村党总支书记赵会杰。<br /> 赵会杰胖乎乎的，大脸盘，大眼睛，见面就带笑，笑得眉毛弯弯的，眼睛装着一个闪光的水葡萄。她和你握一下手，那手上的力量会告诉你，她在实心实意地对待你。萌婶儿这个称呼，亲切又可爱，不过，要是想讲好赵会杰的故事，绝不是萌婶儿一个称呼所能概括得了的。<br /> <br /> Village secretary who has a strong will<br /> People in Chifeng are smart talker. Their language is characterized by freshness and wisdom of Agricultural civilization, whose style is very obvious.<br /> When I walk around the city and interview the local people, the two common usage that they said gave me a deep impression, one is yao gang jiao tie(have a strong will), another is kuaimajiqiang<br /> We later talked about kuaimajiqiang. Let ‘s talk about biting steel and chewing iron first. A person who dare to exhaust the power of life, to overcome unimaginable difficulties is just like to chew iron with his teeth and he finally made it. You can image how honest he is and how hard the root of the ear, how strong will he has.<br /> This person is still a woman. She is almost 50 this year. I don’t know which reporter gave her the nickname, and people online call her meng shen(cute aunt)She is Chifeng City Songshan District Damiao Township Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee and Xiaomiaozi Village Party General Branch Secretary Zhao Huijie.Zhao Huijie is chubby with big face and big eyes and meets with a smile and curved<br /> eyebrows. Her eyes are just like a flash of water grapes.<br /> When she shakes your hand, the strength in that hand will tell you that she is treating you with sincerity. The name Meng Aunt is kind and lovely. <br /> However, if you want to tell Zhao Huijie's story well, it is by no means a title that can be summed up.<br /> <br /> ====关娜 Guan Na====<br /> <br /> 贫困山村的农家媳妇，中国最基层的农村干部，让一个贫穷小山村走上幸福之路的致富带头人、金牌法律调解人、当面向总书记汇报扶贫工作的全国人大代表……赵会杰的后面，是一条色彩斑斓的河。<br /> 赵会杰本不是小庙子村的孩子，她出生在五十公里之外的初头朗镇福山庄。福山庄附近有个国营金矿，赵会杰高中毕业就在金矿上当了工人，属于最一线的工种，每天在矿石里寻找宝贵的金子，方法是挺原始的，用手工水洗淘金，对于一个女孩子，当然是很吃苦的。没想到还真淘到了金子，这金子就是相伴她一路走来的丈夫吕福永。<br /> 吕福永在矿里生产科搞测绘，是小庙子村人。小庙子村的贫困远近闻名，不过面对有技术，肯努力，踏踏实实的这么一个好青年，赵会杰和所有恋爱中的女孩儿一样，心里唯有那双真诚的眼睛和温情的臂湾，不会考虑穷富之类的事情。后来，国营金矿解体，赵会杰和吕福永可以选择到另外一个国营煤矿工作，那样的话，吕福永可以留在福山村，和赵会杰结婚生子，过着每天可以吃上大米饭的好日子。可是吕福永想回小庙子村，毕竟是父母在，不远游，他想的更多的是整个一个家。这时刻赵会杰心里开始乱了，一个农村长大的孩子，最懂得吃饱穿暖的重要意义，她见过每天处于饥寒交迫的同龄人，她知道对于他们来说，青春就是沦入垄沟的花瓣，爱情就是顷刻间从花瓣上掉下来摔碎的露珠，最不可知的就是未来。她还没有足够的勇气去面对这一切，她经常会半夜醒来，发现自己的脚正踏在一个悬空的门槛之上。<br /> <br /> <br /> A woman in a poverty village, a official at the basic level, led the poor village on the path to happiness, who was also a gold medal mediator and a deputy to the National People's Congress who reported the work of poverty alleviation to the General secretary... She was not born in Xiaomiaozi village, but 50 kilometers away in Fushan village of Chutoulang town. There is a state-owned gold mine near it, where she worked as a worker after graduating from the high school. She was in the front line, which was to search for precious gold from the ore every day. It was difficult for her to find gold in this original way. However, it was unexpected that she found the gold, that is, her husband Lu Fuyong who accompanied her all the time.Lu Fuyong,a native of Xiaomiaozi village, conducted the surveying and mapping in the production section of the same mine. Although this village was known for its poverty, Zhao, like other girls,ignored this point instead of his sincere eyes and warm arms in the face of such a good youth who was skilled and hardworking.Later,the mine was disintegrated, and they could choose to work in another state-owned coal mine. In that case, they would get married and raise children, staying in Fushan village and leading a comfortable life.But Lu Fuyong wanted to go back to his hometown to live with the whole family because of the traditional thought. At this moment Zhao fell into chaos because it was important for a person grown up in rural areas to eat her fill and wear warm clothes. She met her peers in the cold and hunger, and for them, the youth was the flower petals falling into the ditch, love was the dew dropping down from the petals all of a sudden, and what was unknown was the future. She found that she was not brave enough to face it, so she would often wake up at midnight, finding her feet on a dangling threshold.<br /> <br /> <br /> A wife of a farmer's family in a poor village, a grassroots rural cadre in China, a pioneer who led a poor village on the road to happiness and prosperity, an ace legal mediator, a National People's Congress representative who reported to the General Secretary in person on poverty alleviation work ...... what behind Zhao Huijie is a colorful river.<br /> Zhao Huijie was not a child of Xiaomiaozi Village, but was born in Fushan village of Chutoulang town which was fifty kilometers away from Chutoulang. There was a state-run gold mine near Fushanzhuang. After Zhao Huijie graduated from high school, she then entered that gold mine and became a front-line worker. Every day she had to look for precious gold in the ore. The method is quite primitive, with manual water washing panning gold, for a girl, of course, it is very hard. She did not really expect to find gold successfully, but she still found it anyway, that is her husband Lu Fuyong who had always be there for her.<br /> Lu Fuyong was engaged in surveying and mapping in the production section of the mine, and he was from Xiaomiaozi village. The poverty of Xiaomiaozi village was known everywhere, but faced such a good young man with skills, ambition and security, Zhao Huijie only cared about the sincere eyes and warm arms he got just like all the girls in love. Whether he was rich or poor, it couldn't change her mind at all. Later, the state-run gold mine was disintegrated. Zhao Huijie and Lu Fuyong could have chosen to work in another state-run coal mine, in that case, Lu Fuyong could stay in Fushan Village. They could get married, have children and living a good life where they could able to eat rice every day. But Lu Fuyong wanted to go back to Xiaomiaozi village, he did not want to be too far away from his parents after all. At this moment Zhao Huijie's heart fell into chaos. As a child raised in the countryside, she knew exactly how important the food and clothing are. She has witnessed the starvation of her peers everyday. She knew that for them, youth was the petals fallen into the monopoly, and love was a moment from the petals fell down to break the dew, after all, the most unknowable thing was the future. She was not brave enough to face all this, and she often woke up in the middle of the night, finding her feet on an overhanging threshold.<br /> <br /> ====郝天钰 Hao Tianyu ====<br /> <br /> 姥姥说话了——你看中的不是那个人吗？人忠厚有心，比地里的庄稼可靠。庄稼有大年小年，日子有三十年河东三十年河西，你嫁的是人。<br /> 一直到现在，用自己的智慧和双手，将小庙子村的日月换了新天的赵会杰，心智成熟、经过风雨也见过世面的赵会杰，依然还会这样说——我这辈子敬的信的人有多位，其中我姥姥是在第一位的，我姥姥对我的人生影响最大。<br /> 姥姥是个普通的农家母亲，也是一个非凡的女性。姥姥原是一个农村大户人家的女儿，家境优渥，得益于家教，略可识文断字，当年可谓凤毛麟角。姥姥嫁给了门当户对英俊有才的姥爷，过上了衣食无忧的日子，用她老人家的话说，年轻时手皮脸皮都是薄薄的，手没拿过锄头，肩没抗过柴木。不料命运斗转，姥爷某一次离家后便永无了音讯。姥姥手边有一个三岁的女孩，就是赵会杰的大姨，肚子里正怀着赵会杰的母亲。<br /> 也曾泪水洗面。姥姥最终做出了决定，委屈一点自己无妨，要让自己的孩子活下去。她嫁给了村中的一位憨厚贫穷的农民。她告诉赵会杰，生了你妈妈，又生了你三个舅舅，我啥活儿都能干了，种地，放羊，进林子打柴火，上山采榛子、蘑菇，啥啥也不比别人家的媳妇差，还练就了一手好针线活儿。<br /> <br /> Grandma spoke up - isn't that very man you're looking for? The man is heartfelt and decent, even more reliable than the crops in the field. Life is unpredictable like the harvest. You just married to this man.<br /> Until now, Zhao Huijie, who is matured, experienced, sophisticated, and has transformed the Xiaomiaozi village with her own wisdom and strength, still deems that- there are many people I admire and trust in my life, but among them, my grandma is in the first place. She is the most influential people in my life.<br /> Grandma was an ordinary mother of a peasant family, but also an extraordinary woman. She was originally the daughter of a wealthy rural family. Thanks to her family education, she was able to read and write, which was a rare thing back then. Grandma married a handsome and talented man who was a good match for her family, and lived a life where she did not have to worry about the living conditions. In her words, when she was young, the skin on her hands and face were thin, because she never need to hold a hoe or resist firewood. But fate is always cruel, grandpa was never heard from after he left home one time. They already had a three-year-old daughter, which was Zhao Huijie's older aunt, and grandma was carrying Zhao Huijie's mother in her belly.<br /> The grandma used to crying all day after grandpa left. But she finally made the decision that she had to make her children live, even if it was okay to have a suffer life, then she married a reliable poor farmer in the village. She told Zhao Huijie that after gave birth to your mother and your three uncles, I became the woman who can do all kinds of work, like farming, herding, cutting firewood, picking hazelnuts and mushrooms, as capable as other wives in this village, and have also developed a good needlework.<br /> <br /> ====侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====<br /> <br /> 赵会杰打小就是在姥姥家长大的，她每天都在姥姥家的厨房里转，因姥姥家的梁上吊着一个筐，筐里总是装着玉米面白面混合的饽饽，大大的，暄腾腾的，一入口，那香甜味儿，立马让人忘掉全世界。姥姥家过得好，仓里有余粮，手里有余钱，房子是瓦盖的，圈里有猪有羊。姥爷总是笑呵呵地说，咱家是老婆儿主事儿，你姥姥劳苦功高，姥姥说，吃不穷穿不穷，算计不到才受穷。三个舅舅被姥姥培养成了有文化、有孝心的人，姥姥的晚年很是幸福。<br /> 一九九一年，赵会杰出嫁，她是坐着乡间班车去的小庙子村。车上有送亲的娘家人，也有接亲的婆家人。班车一路向西，在大山沟里穿行。看不到一马平川的庄稼，也看不到郁郁葱葱的植被，昏黄色的山沟里，只有一条清澈的河在流淌，那就是小庙子村赖以生存的母亲河——阴河。不知道是谁那么不会唠嗑，竟然和新娘子说，看到那个最秃的山头，你就可以下车了。赵会杰心里一紧，鼻子一酸，泪水直往外涌，她后来说，我也不知为啥，立时就忍住了。<br /> <br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie grew up in her grandmother's home and she walked around in her grandmother's kitchen every day because there was a basket hanging on the beam in her grandmother's house. The basket was always filled with cornmeal and white flour mixed with dumplings which is big and scented. As soon as she ate, the fragrance and sweetness immediately made people forget all the things. Grandma's family is well-off with surplus grain in the barn and spare money in hand. The house is built with tiles and there are pigs and sheep in the pen. Grandpa always said with a smile: our family is under the charge of my wife. Your grandmother has worked hard. Grandma said: eating and wearing will not lead poor. But if you can't plan money wisely, you will be poor. The three uncles were cultivated by my grandmother to be literate and filial people, so grandmother was very happy in her twilight years. In 1991, Zhao Huiwei got married, and she went to Xiaomiaozi Village by country shuttle. In the car, there were bride and bridegroom’s relatives who sent and receive the bride respectively. The shuttle bus headed west, through a large ravine. There was no crop in sight, no lush vegetation. In the dim yellow ravine, there was only one clear river flowing, that is, Yin River, the mother river on which Xiaomiaozi Village depends. I don't know who was so nagging that he told the bride: After you see the baldest mountain, you can get off the bus. Zhao Huijie's heart tightened and her nose was sour with tears welled up. She said later: I don't know why and I held back immediately.<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie grew up in her grandmother's home and she walked around in her grandmother's kitchen every day because there was a basket hanging on the beam in her grandmother's house. The basket was always filled with cornmeal and white flour mixed with dumplings which are big and scented. As soon as she ate, the fragrance and sweetness immediately made people forget all the things. Grandma's family is well-off with surplus grain in the barn and spare money in hand. The house is built with tiles and there are pigs and sheep in the pen. Grandpa always said with a smile: our family is under the charge of my wife. Your grandmother has worked hard. Grandma said: eating and wearing will not lead to poorly. But if you can't plan money wisely, you will be poor. The three uncles were cultivated by my grandmother to be literate and filial people, so grandmother was very happy in her twilight years. In 1991, Zhao Huawei got married, and she went to Xiaomiaozi Village by country shuttle. In the car, there were the bride's and bridegroom’s relatives who sent and receive the bride respectively. The shuttle bus headed west, through a large ravine. There was no crop in sight, no lush vegetation. In the dim yellow ravine, there was only one clear river flowing, that is, Yin River, the mother river on which Xiaomiaozi Village depends. I don't know who was so nagging that he told the bride: After you see the baldest mountain, you can get off the bus. Zhao Huijie's heart tightened and her nose was sour with tears welling up. She said later, &quot;I don't know why but I held back immediately.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi ====<br /> <br /> 小庙子村穷到啥程度呢，那时候没有留下具体数字，到二十年之后的2010年，人均年收入才达到四千五百元，五千多亩耕地有近四分之一浇不上水，亩产量很低，全村没有特色产业，没有村集体经济收入，这么说吧，一般人家，偶而能吃上一顿面食，大多数人家一年到头见不着大米，阴河南边的自然村里，孩子念书念到初中毕业就是相当了不起的了，家人有病，一般靠忍和挺，去看病的路费都出不起。难难难，小庙子村，像一只流浪在沙地里的羊，过着吃了这片草，不知道下片草在哪里的日子。<br /> 村里的人都在夸老吕家老四，说他有本事，竟把一个富裕村的姑娘娶来家了，那新媳妇俊得银盆大脸，杨柳细腰，两个眼睛跟玛瑙似的黑亮黑亮的。他们不知道，新媳妇已经行动起来了。赵会杰记着姥姥的话，日子在自己的手里攥着呢，用不着东张西望，从眼皮底下开始干吧。由于吕福永当初在外面工作，村里没有分给他土地，家里也没有他们的住房。所以他们两口子，等于没有基本生产生活资料。听说村里有的人家的地没人手种，赵会杰和吕福永挽起裤脚，穿上农田鞋，开始在田里山里观察，终于租到了一块可心的地。他们开始起早贪黑，精耕细作，又买了毛驴和羊，在家养着，再加上吕福永经常出去打工，也小有收获，他们的日子很快就有了起色。<br /> <br /> How poor the Xiaomiaozi Village was! There was even no exact number left. In 2010, the per capita annual income only reached 4,500 yuan, nearly a quarter of 5,000 mu cultivated land could not be watered and the yield was low. The village had no characteristic industries or collective income at all. So that was to say, it’s fine that the ordinary residents there could occasionally eat a meal of cooked wheaten food. However, most people there could not see rice all year round. In the Ziran Village on the south side of the Yin river, it’s quite proud that children could finish their studies in junior school. When their families were sick, they could even not afford the fare to the hospital, so they usually went through by bearing the pain. Everything was so difficult. Xiaomiaozi village, as a sheep wandering on the sandy land, lived a life that it even did not know where the next meal came after eating this piece of grass. All the villagers praised the fourth son of Mr.Lv’s family for his ability to marry a girl from a wealthy village. The new daughter-in-law was very beautiful. She had a silver basin-like face, a thin waist, and a pair of eyes as shiny as agate. But they did not know that the new daughter-in-law had already started to act. Zhao Huijie always kept his Grandma's words in mind. He caught the day tightly and he knew that there was no need to look around but to start at present. As Lv Fuyong worked in other places before, he was not given land in the village, nor did he have a house in his hometown. So the couple had no basic means of production and living at all. Hearing that Some land was lack of labor and cultivation in the village, Zhao Huijie, and Lv Fuyong, rolling up their trousers and putting on their farm shoes, began to observe the fields. Finally, they rented a nice piece of land. They started work early and knocked off late to farm the land intensively, then they brought donkeys and sheep and raised them at home. In addition, Lv Fuyong often went out to work and made some money as well. It’s seen that their life soon picked up.<br /> <br /> ====黄安安 Huang Anan====<br /> <br /> 姥姥说得没错，夫妻过日子，男人忠厚有心，比什么都重要。赵会杰说，我们家吕福永啊，不善表达，更别说什么来点甜言蜜语，过生日给你买点东西，整点浪漫的事儿了，那都不会。<br /> Grandmother was right,a couple lives together,a honest man is more important than anything else. Zhao Huijie said, our Lv Fuyong, not good at expression, let alone what sweet words. He also will not buy you something for your birthday and do any romantic things. <br /> Grandmother’s words, the most important thing for a couple living together is man’s honesty and thoughtfulness, are right. Zhao Huijie said, “Being not good at expression, Lv Fuyong cannot say some sweet words. Let alone buy a present for your birthday and do any romantic things.<br /> <br /> <br /> 但是有内秀，人可靠，不论挣回来多少钱，他一分不剩全交给你，用当地话说，那是兜掏得比脸还干净。可能是我太强势了，不知道从啥时候开始，人家借坡下驴，自然而然成了甩手掌柜的，我们自己小家里的事儿，老吕家家族的事儿，都以我为中心了。<br /> But he is profoundly honest, reliable people, no matter how much money he earned back, he will give you every penny, as the local saying goes that the pocket is more clean than the face.It might be that I'm too aggressive, I don't know since when, people went downhill, I naturally became a hands-off, our own small family matters and the old Lu family matters are centered on me.<br /> But he is thoughtful, reliable. No matter how much money he earns, he will give you all. As the local saying goes, his pocket is more clean than his face. It might be that I'm too aggressive, I don't know since when, other people from Lv family didn’t deal with things, I naturally became the center of my own family and the whole Lv family.<br /> <br /> <br /> 吕福永说，你这人急马快枪，话到手到，又能拿出主意，耳朵根子硬，咬定青山不放松，是当领导的料，理当能者多劳。<br /> Lv Fuyong said, you are decisive and quick, an action-oriented person and can come up with ideas.Hard ears and strong opinions are the stuff of leadership, and you should do more with your ability.<br /> Lv Fuyong said, “Being capable and experienced, you are an action-oriented person and can come up with ideas. Not easy to change your minds, you can hold strong opinions.You are the stuff of leadership, and with your ability, you should do more things.&quot;<br /> <br /> <br /> 到了一九九五年，村办小学需要老师，村委会上一商量，说吕福永媳妇适合，为啥呢，讲话透亮，用语斯文，性格也好。于是赵会杰便当上了民办教师，一个人教幼儿园到三年级的几十个孩子。<br /> In 1995, the village primary school needed a teacher, and after a discussion at the village committee, it was said that Lv Fuyong's daughter-in-law was suitable, as she spoke brightly, used civilized language and had a good personality. So Zhao Huijie became a private teacher, who taught dozens of children from kindergarten to third grade.<br /> In 1995, the primary school in village needed a teacher. And after a discussion of the village committee, Lv Fuyong's wife was selected, as she speaks brightly, uses civilized language and has a good personality. So Zhao Huijie became the teacher of the private school, who taught dozens of children from kindergarten to the third grade.<br /> <br /> ====黄舒威 Huang Shuwei====<br /> <br /> 那六年，赵会杰过得开心，虽然工资不高，只有一百五十元，但是有假期，不耽误家里种地 。最重要的是她喜欢孩子，他们纯洁明朗，总是使人想起充满希望 ——小庙子村的明天在哪里，就在你们身上。你们今天认识几个字，明天学会演算一道题，慢慢地你们手里的课本就会带领你们的理想飞起来，飞到凤凰山的上空，飞到阴河的起点，到那时候你们就会明白了，爱故乡，做故乡的主人，是多么幸福的事情，将来你们或许会走得很远，但是故乡是你们夜晚里的梦，让你会日夜牵挂着不忘记。<br /> <br /> In those six years, Zhao Huijie was happy. Although her salary was not high, only 150 yuan per month, she had holidays. So she could also do her family’s farming. Above all, she loves children. They are pure and bright who always reminds people of hope <br /> -the future of Xiaomiaozi village depending on you.Today you know a few words and tomorrow learn a calculus problem. Little by little, your textbooks will lead your minds fly, flying over Phoenix Mountain, to the starting point of Yin river. And then you will understand that loving hometown, being the owner of your hometown, which are very happy things. You may go very far in the future, but your hometown is still your night dream that you will remember day and night.<br /> <br /> During those six years, Zhao Huijie had enjoyed a happy life. Although her salary was not high, only 150 yuan per month, she had holidays, which permitted her to do some farming works at the same time. Above all, she loves children. They are pure and bright, who always remind people of hope. The future of Xiaomiaozi village depends on you. If you know a few words today and learn a calculus problem tomorrow, as time goes on, your textbooks will lead your dream fly, flying over Phoenix Mountain and to the starting point of Yin river. By then you will understand that loving hometown and being its owner are such happy things. You may go far in the future, but your hometown will always be your night dream that you miss day and night.<br /> <br /> 所以等你们将来有能力了，第一件事就是要为故乡做好事，不论大的好事，还是小的好事，只要做了，就会有一种快乐美满的感觉。赵会杰面对不同年龄段的学生，细语呢喃地启蒙孩子们的心灵，她也是不知不觉地，在讲述着自己的心。她在小庙子村生育了一儿一女，有了自己的房子和庄稼，有了好几百花蕾一般的学生，她不再觉得自己是个外乡人了，自己就是这片土地的女儿，她像眷恋着父母一般，依偎着这片土地，向这片土地付出着真情。如今回过头来一看，赵会杰教过的学生现在长大了，干啥工作的都有，大都分布在赤峰市的各行各业，无形中成了赵会杰造福小庙子村的人力资源，他们没有忘记赵老师当初的教诲。<br /> <br /> Thus when you have the ability in the future, the first thing you should do is to do good deeds in your hometown. Whether they are big or small, as long as you do them, you will have joyful feelings. Facing students of different ages, Zhao whispered to them and enlightened the minds of children. She, imperceptibly, told the story of her heart. She gave birth to a son and a daughter in Xiaomaiozi village, owning her own house and crops, having several hundred of students. She no longer felt that she was a non-native person. Otherwise she is the daughter of this land, like loving her parents she loves this land, snuggles up to this land and expresses her sincere feelings to the land.Looking back now, students taught by Zhao Huijie now grow up, working at all kinds of domains, mostly distributed in all walks of life in Chifeng City, who became human resources of Xiaomiaozi village. They did not forget the original teachings of Zhao Huijie.<br /> <br /> Therefore, when you grow up and have abilities, the first thing you should do is to make contributions to your hometown, which will make you happy and satisfied no matter they are big or small. Zhao whispered to students of different ages, the words enlightening their minds and also unconsciously reflecting her minds.In Xiaomaiozi village, she has a son and a daughter, owns her own house and crops, and had educated hundreds of students like buds. Therefore, she began to feel that she was the daughter of this land instead of an outsider. She loves this village like loving her parents and expresses her sincere feelings to the land.Looking back now, students taught by Zhao Huijie has grown up, engaging in all kinds of domains and mostly distributing in all walks of life in Chifeng City, which intangibly became human resources for Zhao to contribute to the village. They remembered the teachings of Zhao.<br /> <br /> ====姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====<br /> <br /> 还有一件值得赵会杰受用一辈子的事儿，就是她为了提高自己的教学水平，边工作边学习，经过函授和面授，虽然考试的时候没有一次性成功，到底还是几经冲刺，通过了成人高考，获得了大专文凭。拿到毕业证书那一天，姥姥正在她家小住，她老人家放下手里正在给重外孙女缝制的棉裤，慢条斯理地说，管它是不是大学本科，自己一场一场地考下来的就是最好的。一场一场地考下来，这话让赵会杰领悟到，为了理想，别无选择，只有一场一场地考下去。<br /> <br /> Another thing that benefits Zhao a lot was she studied while working in order to improve her teaching level. Although she didn’t pass the national higher education exams for self-taught adults at the first time, she succeeded after several attempts and obtained an associate degree at last through taking some correspondence and face-to-face courses. Her grandmother was living with her for a few days when she received her graduation certificate. The old woman stopped sewing cotton-padded trousers for Zhao’s daughter and put them down. “It doesn’t matter whether it is a bachelor degree or not. It is the best for it was obtained by passing those examinations step by step with your own efforts.” She said slowly.Passing those examinations step by step with your own efforts, these words making Zhao understand that she had no choice but taking examinations one by one for the sake of her dream.<br /> <br /> Another thing that Zhao benefited from all her life was that she continued to study while working in order to improve her teaching level. After taking some correspondence and face-to-face courses, although she didn’t pass the national higher education exams for self-taught adults at the first time, she succeeded after several attempts and ended up with an associate degree. Her grandmother was coming to visit her for a couple of days when Zhao received her graduation certificate. Stopping sewing cotton-padded trousers for Zhao’s daughter, the grandmother said slowly, “It doesn’t matter whether it is a bachelor’s degree or not. It is the best for it is obtained by passing those examinations one by one with your own efforts.” Passing those examinations one by one with your own efforts, these words made Zhao realize that for her dream, she had no choice but to take examinations one by one. <br /> <br /> 2000年，村委会需要一个计划生育委员，大家的意见又是完全一致，推举赵会杰担此重任。计划生育是基本国策，而农村的计划生育工作尤其需要攻坚克难。十年之间，赵会杰劳心劳力，奔走在小庙子村的六个自然村的计生对象家之间，山道崎岖，寒冬酷暑，骑坏了自行车，换上小摩托，使得小庙子村在计划生育方面的考核指标年年如期完成，从未掉过链子。<br /> 2009年底，乡党委书记找赵会杰谈话，通知她作为村党支部书记候选人，参加换届选举。<br /> <br /> In 2000, the village committee was in lack of a Family Planning Committee member and Zhao was elected for this important position with one accord. Family-planning is a basic national policy, which had many difficulties to overcome in implementation especially in rural areas. During those ten years, Zhao worked hard and had visited the targeted families in six natural villages of the Xiaomiaozi village for many times. She rode in the rugged mountain path no matter in the bitterly cold winter or in the extremely hot summer. Her bicycle was broken and then replaced by a motorcycle. With those efforts, the tasks of Xiaomiaozi village in birth control was completed on schedule every year and never failed. In the end of 2009, the secretary of the Township Party Committee told Zhao to participate in the general election as a candidate of the secretary of the Village Party Branch.<br /> <br /> In 2000, the village committee was in lack of a Family Planning Committee member and Zhao was elected for this important position with one accord. Family Planning, a basic national policy, would encounter many difficulties in implementation especially in rural areas. During those ten years, Zhao worked hard and payed visits to targeted families in six natural villages of Xiaomiaozi village. She rode on the rugged mountain paths regardless of the bitterly cold winter or the heated summer. The bicycle was broken and then replaced by a motorcycle. Through her relentless efforts, the assessment indicators of Family Planning for Xiaomiaozi village were completed on schedule every year. At the end of 2009, the secretary of the Township Party Committee told Zhao to participate in the general election as a candidate of the secretary of the Village Party Branch.<br /> <br /> ====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====<br /> <br /> 赵会杰说，哎呀书记，我怎么有点忐忑不安呢？以她对小庙子村现状的了解，以她对自己性格的了解，她感到有压力。<br /> 原来的村党组织，可以说是涣散的，因此多年遗留的问题积重难返，要想让这个村子起死回生，开始进入良性循环，需要从诸多方面入手，绝不可能凭一股热情一蹴而就。在中国乡村当一个没有进入体制的基层干部，或许比在某些机关当个处长科长什么的要难很多。你的头脑要装满各种政策法律，你的手要触摸大地，要知道一亩地谷子该施多少农家肥，要知道母羊生产的时候蹄子先出来该怎么办，要知道一棵山杏能打下多少杏仁……你的心胸要像草原一样开阔，容得下万马奔腾，你还要善解人意——苦巴苦力的庄稼把式，精明的牲畜贩子，叫天天不应叫地地不灵的躺在病床上的贫困户，他们为人做事的方法你都要懂……赵会杰觉得又一场考试来了，考得好，需要好几年才能证明，考不好，一个选举就落荒。<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie said, &quot;Secretary, I am a little bit nervous.&quot; Considering the current situation of Xiaomiaozi Village and her own character, Zhao felt stressful. The original rural party was so lax that problems remained for years were difficult to solve. To totally bring the development of this village into a virtuous cycle, it needed efforts from various aspects instead of just a burst of enthusiasm. In China, it might be much more difficult to be a grassroots cadre who did not enter the government system than a director or a section chief or something else in some organs. You must not only know a variety of policies and laws but also master the information about the land. You needed to know how many organic fertilizers should be applied to a mu of farmland, to know what to do when the ewes produce hooves first, and to know how many almonds a mountain apricot can output…… Your heart should be as vast as the grassland which could accommodate ten thousand running horses. It was thoughtful to respect the ways in which people treated things—the toilful farmers, shrewd livestock dealers, the poor lying in a hospital bed suffering hardship in a dilemma. Zhao felt that another test was around the corner. Success took years to prove while failure came just from an election.<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie said, “Secretary, I am a little bit nervous.” She felt stressed since she knew the current situation of Xiaomiaozi Village and her own character very well. The original rural party organization was so lax that problems remained for years were difficult to solve. To totally bring the development of this village into a virtuous cycle, it needed efforts from various aspects, and couldn’t be achieved overnight by a burst of enthusiasm. In China, it might be much more difficult to be a grassroots cadre who did not enter the government system than to be a director or a section chief or something else in some organs. Not only need you know a variety of policies and laws, but also need to master the information about the land: You needed to know how many organic fertilizers should be applied to a mu of millet, what to do if the hooves came out first when the ewe was giving birth, and to know how many almonds a mountain apricot can output…… Your heart should be as vast as the grassland which could accommodate ten thousand running horses. Besides, you should be kind and reasonable: you need understand and respect the ways people treated things—the toilful farmers, shrewd livestock dealers, the poor lying in a hospital bed suffering hardship in a dilemma. Zhao felt that another test was around the corner. Success took years to prove while failure came just from an election.<br /> <br /> ====李鸿 Li Hong ====<br /> <br /> 她跟乡党委书记说……我不行吧？<br /> 乡党委书记书说，你还没干呢，怎么知道不行。<br /> 赵会杰说，有点没自信。还是……找个更强的人来干吧 。<br /> 乡党委书记说，你是共产党党员吗？<br /> 赵会杰眼睛睁得好大，瞧您这话说的，我当然是一名共产党员了。<br /> <br /> She told the township party secretary “I think…I can’t do it….” <br /> “But you haven’t tried it yet, how can you be sure about that?” <br /> “I don’t trust myself that much. You should find someone else, someone better than me.” <br /> The secretary of the township party committee asked, “Are you a member of the Communist Party?”<br /> Zhao Huijie stared at him with wide eyes, “of course I am.”<br /> <br /> She told the township party secretary, “I think…I can’t do it….” <br /> “You haven’t tried it yet, how can you be sure about that?” <br /> “I don’t trust myself that much. You should find someone else, someone better than me.” <br /> The township party committee secretary questioned, “Are you a Communist Party member?”<br /> Zhao Huijie stared at him with her eyes open wild, “Of course I am.”<br /> <br /> 乡党委书记说，党的组织原则你知道吧，个人服从组织,下级服从上级，全党服从中央。组织上的人事安排都是经过认真考虑的。<br /> <br /> He said, “You know the party’s organizational principles: Individual Party members defer to Party organizations, lower-level Party organizations defer to higher-level Party organizations, and all organizations and members of the Party defer to the Central Committee of the Party. And the personnel arrangements of the organization were all made after serious consideration.”<br /> <br /> He said, “You know the party’s organization principles: Every party member is subordinate to party organizations, lower-level party organizations are subordinate to higher-level party organizations, and all organizations and members of the Party are subordinate to the Central Committee of the Party. The personnel arrangements of the organization were all made after serious consideration.”<br /> <br /> 二<br /> 2009年，赵会杰三十九岁，在村党支部的换届选举中，高票当选党支部书记。<br /> 人民群众对幸福生活的向往，就是我们的奋斗方向。小庙子村的村民盼穿双眼的事情就是四个字——摆脱贫困。在第一次亮相的村委会上，赵会杰给自己下了个军令状““我的第一责任，就是办好群众盼望的事情！”<br /> <br /> In 2009, Zhao Huijie, who was 39 at that time, was elected secretary of the party branch by a handsome majority in the election of village party branch. The people’s wish for a good life was our direction of struggle; and what the people in Xiaomiaozi Village wish for were to get rid of poverty. At the village committee where she made her first appearance as the secretary of the party branch, Zhao Huijie pledged, “To get things that people expect done is my priority!”<br /> <br /> In 2009, Zhao Huijie, who was 39 at that time, was elected secretary of the party branch by a handsome majority in the election of village party branch. The people’s wish for a good life was our direction of struggle; and what the people in Xiaomiaozi Village wish for were to get rid of poverty. At the village committee where she made her first appearance as the secretary of the party branch, Zhao Huijie pledged, “To get things that people expect done is my priority!”<br /> <br /> ====李佳珺 Li Jiajun====<br /> <br /> 从前的生产和工作，再难再累，只需要一个人动手动脑，干起工作来，自己急马快抢的性子，好使。如今，这是把小庙子村两千七百口人的温饱康乐生老病死全接到自己手里了，果真是万事开头难啊！<br /> <br /> 2010年得到上级通知，赵会杰去自治区参加培训，这是自治区专门针对落后乡村负责人举办的培训，通过学习了解了其它地区由后进起步，一步步改变面貌的经验和思路，赵会杰心里清楚,自己这个小庙子村的当家人肯定是不好当的，但是只要努力，办法总比困难多，别人行，小庙子没有不行的道理！她想，汽车驰骋需要性能良好的发动机，大雁高飞需要英勇无畏的领头雁。党组织就是村上脱贫致富的发动机和领头雁。赵会杰带领支部成员，重温党章，重振精神，建立和完善了村党支部“三会一课”、民主评议党员等二十五项制度，实施党员岗星化管理，全村党员挂牌示范等措施，规范党员的行为。她说，把制度贴在墙上看看，拿到会上说说是方式，落实到每一个党员的行动中才是目的。她可是咬钢嚼铁，一口唾沫一个钉的风格，哪个党员行动不到位，她是要全体党员都坐下来说道说道的。<br /> <br /> No matter how hard and exhausting the production and work used to be, one person was enough for all. Zhao Huijie’s character of decisiveness and execution was suitable for work, but for now she had to take care of all the livelihood and recreation, life and death of 2,700 people in Xiaomiaozi Village. It was true that all things are difficult before they are easy.<br /> <br /> Informed by the superior in 2010, Zhao Huijie went to autonomous region for the training which was especially held for backward village principals. She had learnt the experience and ideas from other areas of how they made progress from the bottom and changed face step by step. In Zhao Huijie's heart she knew that it must be difficult for her to be the leader of Xiaomiaozi Village. As long as they worked hard, methods were always more than difficulties.Others could do that, so could Xiaomiaozi. She thought, a running car needed a good engine, a flying wild goose needed a good leader, and party organization is the engine and leading goose to the village to overcome poverty and achieve prosperity. Zhao Huijie led party branch members to go over party constitution, revitalized the spirit, established and completed 25 systems of village party branch such as “the system of holding Party branch general meetings” and system of democratic appraisal of party members, implemented measures such as party member rating management and wearing party badge for demonstration to regularize party members' behavior. She said, the methods were putting regulations on the wall and announcing them on the meetings, but the purpose was to put them into action for every party member. She was a tough woman who was not afraid of problems and acted up to her promises. She wanted all the party members to sit down and talk about any party member who did not act properly.<br /> <br /> No matter how hard and exhausting the production and work used to be, one person was enough for all. Zhao Huijie’s character of decisiveness and execution was suitable for work, but for now she had to take care of all the livelihood and recreation, life and death of 2,700 people in Xiaomiaozi Village. It was true that the first step always the hardest.<br /> <br /> Informed by the superior in 2010, Zhao Huijie went to autonomous region for the training which was especially held for backward village principals. She had learnt the experience and ideas from other areas of how they made progress from the bottom and changed the figures step by step. In Zhao Huijie's heart she knew that it must be difficult for her to be the leader of Xiaomiaozi Village. As long as they worked hard, methods were always more than difficulties. Others could do that, so could Xiaomiaozi. She thought, a running car needed a good engine, flying wild geese needed a brave leader, and party organization is the engine and leading goose to the village to overcome poverty and achieve prosperity. Zhao Huijie led party branch members to go over party constitution, revitalized the spirit, established and completed 25 systems of village party branch such as “the system of holding Party branch general meetings” and system of democratic appraisal of party members, implemented measures such as party member rating management and wearing party badge for demonstration to regularize party members' behavior. She said, the methods were putting regulations on the wall and announcing them on the meetings, but the purpose was to put them into action for every party member. She was a tough woman who was not afraid of problems and acted up to her promises. She wanted all the party members to sit down and talk about any party member who did not act properly.<br /> <br /> ====李可依 Li Keyi====<br /> <br /> 一直以来，村里连个固定的村委会办公室都没有，既然决定把这个书记干出个样来，那么就要先在人前打个样儿。赵会杰不想要什么高端大气上档次，只想有个简单实用的办公场所兼会议室。她去乡里争取资金，争取到的资金还有很大缺口。吕福永说，设计费你不用愁了，我免费设计，建筑材料你也不用愁，从家里搬，资金若还不够，咱家的存款不是由你经管吗，该用就用。就这样，小庙子村终于有了一个可以召唤全村人、凝聚全村人行政中心。<br /> 打当选之日开始，赵会杰每天都是打着车灯下班回家，顾不上给丈夫做一顿可口的饭菜，儿子闺女顾不上照顾，开始草原上的羊一样散养，自己从没有时间睡到自然醒，更不可能悠一会儿闲，追个剧，淘个宝什么的，赵会杰觉得自己已经变成每一条垄上刚出头的苗，变成每一棵树上花后面坐下的果，变成了大棚里咔咔拔节的胡萝卜，变成了林子里湿漉漉的蘑菇，她把自己生命的每一秒都给了自己的村庄，小庙子一草一木都长在她的身上，走到哪里都带在身上，日日夜夜都挂记在心里。<br /> <br /> All along, there even had no fixed village committee office. Since decided to be a good secretary, she must set an example to villagers. Zhao Huijie didn’t want any high-end office, but a simple and practical office space and meeting room. She went to the township for funding, but there was a big gap in the funds secured. Lv Fuyong said, you don’t have to worry about the design fees, I can design it for free, you also don’t have to worry about construction materials, we can move it from home, if the funds are not enough, you can use our family's savings that managed by you. Thereupon, Xiaomiaozi Village finally had an administrative center that can summon the whole village and bring the village together. From the first day she worked, Zhao Huijie came home from work every day with headlights on, couldn’t attend to make a delicious meal for her husband, and having few time to take care of her son and daughter. They began to be raised like sheep on the grassland. She never had time to sleep until natural awakening and couldn’t take a leisurely time, not to mention binge-watching or shopping. Zhao Huijie felt that she had become a seedling just emerging from a monopoly, a fruit sitting behind the flowers on the tree, a carrot in a shed, or a wet mushroom in forest. She devoted her life to the village, noticed every blade of grass and every tree in the village, wherever she went she kept them in her mind.<br /> <br /> ====李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====<br /> <br /> 赤峰市松山区的地理位置处于燕山山脉和大兴安岭的接连带，沟壑纵横，山峦起伏，林地交错。在蒙语里有一个古老的单词叫杭盖，其意思是，有着蓝天、白云、草原、河流、山和树林的世界，历史上清、明、元乃至更遥远的鲜卑、契丹、女真时期，这里就是杭盖，是古代少数民族游牧和狩猎的地方。小庙子村坐落在山根沟边，守望一条发源于西侧燕山山地的阴河。从清代农耕戍边之后，经过多年的开垦演变，至今在这块本不适合农耕的土地上，贴补丁似的，仅仅积累下五千三百七十亩耕地，村人均耕地不足二亩。小庙子村背面有个凤凰山，赵会杰常常站在山头上一览全村概貌，不由感慨万千，沉思良久。<br /> 她看的不只是这五千三百七十亩土地，也不是这五千三百七十亩土地，亩产可以收到多少斤粮食，或者种什么作物可以事半功倍，获得更多的收益。她看的是桥和路。<br /> 一条阴河画村而过，由于没有桥，河南自然村的老百姓每天站在河边，想象着对岸的景象——那车水马龙，从来处来，到去处去，为何而来，为何而去？那些没有观察过世界的眼睛，每天布满了朦胧的表情和梦幻般的猜想，也满含着忧伤和悲痛——开学时节，正值河面上的冰层开始融，一对母子从河面上走过，结果一失足，就陷入水底，当人们发现的时候，她们已经在夜里降温的时候，和冰冻在了一起。孩子们要上学，地里的物产要出售，有多少人从来就没出过村？村里有多少人曾经冒险趟河，只为卖几斤从山林打来的榛子？<br /> <br /> Songshan District of Chifeng City is located at the joint of Yanshan Mountains and Great Khingan, with crisscross ravines, undulating mountains and interlaced woodlands. In Mongolian, there is an ancient word called Hanggai, which means that there is a world of blue sky, white clouds, grasslands, rivers, mountains and forests. In the history of the Qing, Ming, Yuan dynasty and even more distant Xianbei, Qidan and Jurchen periods, this is Hanggai, a place where ancient ethnic minorities roamed and hunted. Xiaomiaozi Village is located at the foot of the mountain, guarding underground rivers that originated from the Yanshan Mountain in the west. Since the Qing Dynasty, after years of reclamation and evolution, the land that was not suitable for farming has only reclaimed 5370 mu of arable land, and the per capita cultivated land in the village is less than 2 mu. There is a Phoenix Mountain at the back of Xiaomiaozi Village. Zhao Huijie often stood on the top of the mountain to see the general picture of the village. What she was looking at was not only the 5,370 mu of land, nor how much grain could be received from it, or what crops could be grown to get more profit with less effort. She was looking at the bridge and the road. An underground river ran through the village. Because there was no bridge, the people of Henan province Natural Village stood by the river every day, imagining the scene on the other side -- the traffic was always coming and going, why come and why go? Those eyes that have not observed the world were full of hazy expressions and dreamlike conjectures every day, and also full of sadness and sadness. At the beginning of school, when the ice on the river began to melt, a mother and her son walked on the river, but accidentally fell into the water.When people found them out, they had been frozen together when the temperature dropped at night. The children want to go to school, and the properties in the field need to be sold. How many people have never left the village? How many people in the village once ventured across the river to sell a few catties of hazelnuts from the mountains and forests?<br /> <br /> ====李心田 Li Xintian====<br /> <br /> 要想过得好，阴河上面有座桥。这是老百姓的心里话。<br /> <br /> To live well, there should be a bridge over the Yinhe River. This was the true feeling of the villagers. <br /> <br /> 村里只有一条砂石路，弯弯曲曲，凹凸不平，一到下雨和开化时节，泥泞反浆，别说走车，人行都难。因为没有一条像样的公路，改革开放二十年了，小庙子村依然被埋没在大山的深处，远离世界的脉动，也感觉不到世界的火热，更不能踏着时代的节奏前行。<br /> <br /> This village only had one gravel road, curved and uneven, and when it rained or snow melted, the road got muddy, making it hard to walk on it, let alone drive cars. Because there was no decent road, Xiaomiaozi Village was still buried deep in mountains 20 years after the reform and opening up, far away from the pulse of the world, having no approach to the world’s intensive development, and getting no access to step forward in the rhythm of times as well.<br /> <br /> 即使满地都是人参灵芝草，也是货到地头死。<br /> <br /> Even if the ground was full of ginseng and glossy Ganoderma, villagers still couldn’t get a good price.<br /> <br /> 桥和路至关重要，赵会杰要为自己的村子修一条路，架一座桥。<br /> <br /> Thus bridges and roads were extremely important and Zhao Huijie wanted to build a road and a bridge for his village.<br /> <br /> 当时政府有个一事一议项目，赵会杰打了申请报告，获得批准，不过，这是个钓鱼项目，给你百分之五十，其余部分自行解决。没钱犯愁，有了钱还犯愁。赵会杰把前前后后自己认识的富人都捋了好几遍，眼睛落在了武悦栋这个名字上。<br /> <br /> At that time, the government had a one-issue-one-discussion project. Zhao Huijie handed in an application report to it and was approved. However, this was an entrapment project where only fifty percent of the money needed was provided and the rest should be solved by yourself. One was worried without any money and was still anxious with some money. Zhao Huijie searched in his mind for the rich people he knew over and over again. Finally, he targeted Wu Yuedong.<br /> <br /> 从小庙村出去到锡林郭勒盟发展的武悦栋，是个成功的建筑商，恰好还是吕福永的朋友。他说这么多年我常常想着能为老家做点什么呢，这事儿好办。他接下了建桥这件事，圆圆满满地完成了任务。从此结束了小庙子村老百姓过河难的日子。<br /> <br /> Wu Yuedong, grown at Xiaomiaocun Village and then developed in Xilingol League, was a successful builder and happened to be Lv Fuyong’s friend. He said, “For so many years, I’ve always wanted to do something for my hometown. This is easy.” He took the job of building a bridge and finished the task successfully. Since then, the time when villagers in Xiaomiaocun village had trouble crossing rivers was ended.<br /> <br /> 更多的故事发生在2010年。可以说，2010是赵会杰面对挑战的一年，是赵会杰胜读十年书的一年，是这个年轻的党支部书记快速成长的一年。<br /> <br /> Most stories happened in 2010. It could be said that 2010 was a year when Zhao Huijie faced challenges, a year from which he profited more than from ten year’s reading, and a year the young party branch secretary experienced rapid growth.<br /> <br /> <br /> Correction:To live well, there should be a bridge over the Yinhe River. This was the true feeling of the villagers. This village only had one gravel road, curved and uneven, and when it rained or snow melted, the road got muddy, making it hard to walk on. let alone drive cars. Because there was no decent road, Xiaomiaozi Village was still buried in the depth of mountains for 20 years after the reform and opening up, far away from the pulse of the world, having no approach to the world’s intensive development, and getting no access to step forward in the pace of times as well. Even if the ground was full of ginseng and glossy Ganoderma, villagers still couldn’t get a good price. Thus bridges and roads were extremely important and Zhao Huijie wanted to build a road and a bridge for his village. At that time, the government had a one-issue-one-discussion project. Zhao Huijie handed in an application report to it and was approved. However, this was an entrapment project where only fifty percent of the money needed was provided and the rest should be afforded by yourself. One was worried without any money and was still anxious with some money. Zhao Huijie searched in his mind the rich people he knew over and over again. Finally, he targeted at Wu Yuedong. Wu Yuedong, growing up in Xiaomiaocun Village and then developing in Xilingol League, was a successful builder and happened to be Lv Fuyong’s friend. He said, “For years, I’ve always wanted to do something for my hometown. It is a piece of cake.” He took the job of building a bridge and finished the task successfully. Gone were days when villagers in Xiaomiaocun village had trouble crossing rivers. Most stories happened in 2010. It could be said that 2010 was a year when Zhao Huijie faced challenges, a year from which he profited more than from ten year’s reading, and a year the young party branch secretary experienced rapid growth.<br /> <br /> ====李彦 Li Yan====<br /> <br /> 春天，赵会杰几经上下奔走，终于使得村村通修路工程项目延伸到了小庙子村中。项目要求按照通城公路标准施工，不打任何折扣，该拆房子拆房子，改拆墙拆墙。这条路总长二十七公里，在小庙子境内六公里，涉及到村里不少人家的房屋、场院和庄稼，由于是临时添加项目，没有任何拆迁占用土地的补偿资金。从另一个角度看，等于为了村民的粮仓，挪了村民的饭桌，而粮仓的事儿毕竟属于明天。有的村民们怀疑上级给了补偿金，是村里给拦截了。赵会杰嚼钢咬铁，一天到晚挨家劝劝劝，说说说，嗓子彻底哑到再也说不出话来，一吐唾沫全是黑红色的血，也没有解决问题。医生说，你的咽炎已经非常严重，不能再说话了，必须马上手术，不然后果严重。赵会杰只有听从医嘱，赶紧做了手术。后来她给大家 发放了一点补偿金，村民便主动配合村两委和施工方，拆墙拆房让出田地，施工得以顺利开始。只有很少的人知道，赵会杰也不想让更多的人知道，原本通城路延伸进小庙子，就不在计划内，上头给的施工钱都不足，哪有什么补偿金，是她再一次掏腰包，把家里仅有的十几万存款全部奉献了出来。<br /> <br /> In the spring, Zhao Huijie went up and down several times, finally making the village through the road repair project extended to the small temple village. Project’s requirements were in accordance with the standard construction of highways through the city without slacking off. Houses and walls that should be demolished were all completed. The total length of the road is twenty-seven kilometers, six kilometers in the territory of the small temple, involving a number of village houses, yards and crops. Due to a temporary addition to the project without any compensation funds for the demolition of occupied land. From another perspective, it was equivalent to moving the villagers' table for the sake of their granary, which after all leave until next day. Some villagers suspect that the village has intercepted the compensation the superiors gave. Zhao Huijie went to her great lengths day and night from house to house to persuade and say until his voice completely mute and couldn’t speak any longer. The problem was still not be solved even though she spat black red blood. The doctor said: “your pharyngitis has been very serious and can no longer speak, so you must immediately operate in case of serious consequences. Zhao Huijie had no choice but obeyed the doctor's advice and hurriedly had the surgery. Later she gave everyone a little compensation, the villagers took the initiative to cooperate with the two village committees and the construction side, demolishing walls and houses to make way for the fields, so that construction could begin smoothly. Only a few people know, Zhao Huijie also didn’t want more people to know. The original Tongcheng Road extending into the small temple was not in the plan, and the construction of the money given by the upper leaders werw not enough, not to mention compensation. It was she who once again paid out of pocket, dedicating his family's merely more than 100,000 yuan savings.<br /> <br /> ====李梓玉 Li Ziyu====<br /> <br /> 五月的末尾，万山春花已过，只剩下迟来的草乌头、蒙古枣在静静摇曳，天空朗朗，犹如碧透的大海倒扣在山村的头顶，小庙子村的人知道，施工队知道，赵会杰也知道，这个季节没有大雨。<br /> <br /> At the end of May, most of the flowers that bloomed in spring on the hills have faded, and only the late-blooming aconitum carmichaelii and Inner--Mongolian dates are still swaying quietly in the wind. The sky is so clear that it seems as if there are blue seas over the village. The people in Xiaomiaozi village know, the workers in the construction team know, and Zhao Huijie knows, that it will not rain heavily at this time of year. '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 修路工程已经全线铺开，每天快速推进，村里的老少爷们儿，婆婆嫂子，站在一边看景儿似的看着工人干活儿，恨不得明天一觉醒来，他们就可以开着小四轮，在光光溜溜的大道上，突突突地进城卖鸡蛋卖榛子去了。 <br /> <br /> The construction of the road is already in full swing and runs like clockwork. The villagers, young and old, male and female, stand aside watching the construction team at work, as if they are enjoying a beautiful landscape. In their minds, they can't wait to wake up in the next morning and purr into town in their mini truck to sell eggs and hazelnuts on the newly-paved flat, wide road. '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 突然间，几个闷雷从头顶上滚过，晴着天，雨就来了，雨点挺大，重重地敲打着人们的脑壳，人们却一点没在意，因为此时不是雨季，老天落几个雨点，就像拿个胶皮弹弓子胡乱往树荫里打一下，逗逗鸟拉倒。没想到的，话音未落，天上的云就聚集成了密不透风的黑幕，雨水像倒塌的屋顶一样砸下来，山洪随即冲下山，简直如无数醒来的猛虎一般，越过一个个农家院的山墙，涌到村庄和庄稼地之间的泄洪沟边。<br /> <br /> It is a sunny day when it suddenly started to thunder and then to rain, and drops of rain falls heavily on people's heads. They are not worried about it, however, because it is not the wet season and a few raindrops from the heavens are like shooting little stones randomly into the woods with a rubber slingshot, only to scare the birds. What they have not expected is that, in a short while, the clouds in the sky gathered into a dense dark curtain. The raindrops pour down like a collapsing roof, and the deluge then rushes down the mountain like numerous waking tigers traversing the walls of farmhouses and rushing into the flood relief channels between the villages and the crop fields. '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> <br /> 这里正是修路的现场，人们发现，修路用的砂石水泥和许多工程机械，恰恰放在泄洪沟里，阻碍了洪水的去路。只见洪水一步掠过泄洪沟，直接就奔向了庄稼地。一千多亩的谷子和玉米，正舒展青嫩的身姿，蓬勃地生长着，顿时被泥和水连根拔起，那些洁白的根须倒置着，在洪水中漂沦成团。<br /> <br /> Unfortunately, there is the very site of the road construction. It is found later that the gravel, cement, and many machines used to build the road have been placed exactly in the flood relief channels and blocked the channels. So the flood sweeps over these channels and surges straight into the crop fields. There, over a thousand acres of grain and corn have stretched their foliage and flourished when, all of a sudden, they were uprooted by the mud and sand carried by the flood, and their upside-down white roots floated down into clumps in the water. '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> ====梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====<br /> <br /> 这对于一心扑在修路上的赵会杰是猝不及防的灾难。村民们没有别的什么了，他们一个春天搅着汗水埋在地里的财产，每天在睡梦里都回放几遍的指望，不复存在了。他们来了，站在村部的门里门外，开始只有一两个人，后来变成了一小群人，这些村民是来要赔偿的。<br /> This was a catastrophe for Zhao Huijie, who was preoccupied with building roads. There was nothing else for the villagers. Their possessions, all that they sweat for the ground in the summer, and that in their sleep replaying several times a day, ceased to exist. They came and stood outside the door of the village apartment, starting with only one or two people, turned into a small group of people who came to ask for compensation.<br /> <br /> 施工队也不是什么腰缠万贯的主儿，他们算的账是，修你这六公里的路，我们能挣多少钱，能不能保证给工人开支，还说不定呢。因此不愿意赔偿。<br /> The construction team is not filthy rich either. What in their mind is that how much money they can earn by building this six-kilometer road and whether they can assure the workers' expenses. Therefore, they are unwilling to compensate.<br /> “你是干什么吃的？”<br /> “当官不为民做主，不如回家卖白薯。”<br /> 这还是好听的。<br /> 泪水和雨水一起覆盖了赵会杰。哭归哭，问题还得解决。雨大，把田都泡软了，一脚下去尺八寸深，一迈步，脚拽出来了，靴子还在泥里，稍没站稳，光脚就插进了泥里，人便随着脚跌入泥水中。赵会杰摔成个泥人，领着相关机构的人员给受损失的农民丈量地。然后，跟施工方百般央求——农民太不容易了，地冲了，没有赔偿款，到秋他们吃啥呀，你们做工程，怎么也比农民强，尽量多替他们考虑考虑吧!回过头来，她进一户出一门，一家家解释——回头施工队不是还得给咱们修路吗，有了路，咱们富裕的日子就来了，能让点就让点吧……<br /> &quot;How the hell you did your work.&quot; &quot;It is better to go home and sell sweet potatoes than to be a master of the people.&quot; That’s something nice to say. Tears and rain together covered Zhao Huijie. The problem still has to be solved even though you are already crying. The rain was heavy and soaked the fields. One foot down, eight inches deep in the mud or the foot dragged out, the boots still in the mud and a little less stand firm , barefoot will into the mud and then man fell into the mud with his foot. Zhao Zhoujie was leading the personnel of related institutions to measure the lost peasant land when fell down with mud all over him. Then, she plead with the construction team in every possible way - farmers are too difficult to go on. What can they eat by autumn if there is no compensation. You must live a much easier life than them. Please pity them. On the other side, she went in and out of villagers’ and explained to them that isn't the construction team going to have to build roads for us? With the road, our days of prosperity are coming, let's just let it go...<br /> <br /> Correction：<br /> This was a sudden catastrophe for Zhao Huijie, who was preoccupied with building roads. There was nothing else for the villagers. Their possessions, all that they sweat for the ground in the whole Spring, and that in their sleep thinking several times a day, ceased to exist. They came and stood in and outside the door of the village apartment. It started with only one or two people, which turned into a small group of people who came to ask for compensation.<br /> The construction team is not filthy rich either. What in their mind is how much money they can earn by building this six-kilometer road and whether they can assure the workers' expenses. Therefore, they are unwilling to compensate.<br /> &quot;How the hell did you do your work?&quot; &quot;It is better to go home and sell sweet potatoes than to be an official.&quot; That’s something nice to say. Zhao shed tears in rain. The problem still has to be solved even though you are already crying. The rain was heavy and soaked the fields. One foot down, several inches deep in the mud or if the foot were dragged out, the boots still in the mud. A little less stood firm , your barefoot will be into the mud and then fell into the mud with her foot. Zhao was leading the personnel of related institutions to measure the land farmers have lost after she fell down with mud all over her. Then, she plead with the construction team in every possible way - it’s difficult for farmers without land. What can they eat in autumn if there is no compensation for the loss of land. You construction team must live a much easier life than them. Please take this into consideration. On the other side, she went to many villagers’ home and explained that the construction team is going to build roads for us. With the road, we’ll enjoy a richer life. Let's just let it go...<br /> <br /> ====廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====<br /> <br /> 由于说话过多，赵会杰嗓子的手术效果，彻底被摧毁，她又成了一个哑嗓子，到现在也没有完全恢复。好在功夫不负有心人，在乡政府的支持下，事情基本圆满解决。<br /> 终于，路通了，桥也有了。老百姓敲锣打鼓地庆祝，家家户户摩拳擦掌，跃跃欲试，房前屋后，一堆一堆晒老阳儿的村民，有了聊也聊不完的新话题，就连在家里蒸粘豆包、喂小鸡的女人也出来逛了，小庙子村，这是要变了，无疑，要变得富裕，变得幸福 。<br /> 赵会杰躲过了热闹场面，一个人来到安静的办公室坐下，没出息的眼泪到底还是流出来了，索性就让它尽情地流吧。流点眼泪，心里透亮。<br /> 平静下来后，她洗了一把脸，走出房门。她还有很多事要做。<br /> 一个村民堵在门口，见了赵会杰不由分说，破口大骂。原来，他家的地也是在大雨中被冲的，他认为给自己的赔偿太少，不够抵他的损失，便把抱怨都记在了村书记的账上。<br /> 愚昧就是脏话的土壤，空空如也的大脑从不设防，一任垃圾落地生根。这村民，竟然蹦高跳骂，绝祖宗三代，语言脏不可言，仿佛上演一场单出头闹剧，一会儿就引来一群吃瓜群众。<br /> “你们当干部的就是拿老百姓当猴耍……，<br /> “你他妈的就是……”<br /> <br /> Due to too much talking, Zhao Huijie lost her voice, though after an operation on the throat. Until now, it doesn’t recover completely. Luckily, in the support of the township government, road building is almost settled down, as seen by the open roads and the newly-built bridges. Seeing these changes, general people celebrate with drums and gongs; every family is gearing up; many villagers who like basking have new topics; even women at home who steam buns and feed chicken also hang out. Xiaomiaozi Village will definitely be changed where people will be rich and happy. Zhao avoids this bustling atmosphere and sits in the quiet office alone, with eyes watering. She might as well let them shed, because she can feel better after crying. When she calms down, she washes her face and walks out of the room for she still has a lot of things to do. A villager standing in front of the door swears at her when seeing Zhao. The reason behind it is that the villager’s land was destroyed by the torrential rain and he didn’t got enough compensation, so he regarded it as the village secretary’s fault.<br /> Profanities are the result of ignorance, and blank mind never thinks to prevent absurd ideas taking root. The villager should jump and curse with very dirty words as if he is in a farce in which he is the only actor. For a while, many onlookers are attracted here.<br /> “You guys as officers just make a monkey of us ordinary people...” “You are the fucking...”<br /> <br /> <br /> (改）Too much talking demolished Zhao Huijie’s voice after an operation on the throat and made her voice husky again. Until now, it doesn’t recover completely. Luckily, in the support of the township government, road building is almost settled down, as seen by the open roads and the newly-built bridges. <br /> <br /> Seeing these changes, general people celebrate by beating drums and gongs; every family is gearing up; many villagers who like basking have new topics; even women at home who steam buns and feed chicken also hang out. Xiaomiaozi Village will definitely change into a place where people will be rich and happy. <br /> <br /> Zhao keeps away from this bustling atmosphere and sits in the quiet office alone, with eyes welling down. She might as well let them shed, because she can feel better after crying. When she calms down, she washes her face and walks out of the room for she still has a lot of things to do. <br /> <br /> A villager standing in front of the door swears at her upon seeing Zhao. The reason behind it is that the villager’s land was destroyed by the torrential rain and he reckoned that the compensation was too meagre to make up for his loss, so he regarded it as the village secretary’s fault.<br /> Profanities are the result of ignorance, and blank mind never thinks to prevent absurd ideas taking root. The villager should jump and curse with very dirty words as if he is in a farce in which he is the only actor. For a while, many onlookers are attracted here. <br /> <br /> “You guys officials just make a monkey of us ordinary people...” <br /> <br /> “You are fucking...”<br /> <br /> ====刘丛领 Liu Congling====<br /> <br /> 凭啥我的人格要给你诋毁，凭啥我的父母要被你侮辱？<br /> 当干部可以鞠躬尽瘁，但是不能没有尊严！<br /> 赵会杰再也忍不住了，她一拍桌子站起来，大喊一声：“把你的臭嘴到阴河里边给我洗干净，再来说话，当村干部的为大家服务不假，但也不是谁想踢就踢想踹就踹的出气筒……你再骂一句试试？你再骂一句试试？”<br /> 这是赵会杰有生以来第一次和别人吵架。她一肚子的火瞬间喷射出来，向着骂人的村民一头冲过去。没想到，对方突然间蔫了，他开始是得寸进公里，看赵会杰不还嘴，还以为怕他呢。<br /> 老虎不是猫，这次发威还真有用了。这个村民退了，一些平常惯于火上浇油生怕事儿不大的主儿，作为观众，也明白在赵书记面前肆无忌惮，后果可能很严重。<br /> 过了一段时间，正赶上骂人村民的儿子预备党员转正，经过考核，在村支部顺利通过。骂人的村民私下来说，我还以为儿子指定要吃我的瓜落儿呢，没想到这女干部还有点度量，不记群众的仇……不久，这个村民家的孙辈孩子急病，赵会杰快马急枪地开车给送到市里的医院，跑前跑后地联系医生，那个村民说，我恨不得自己给自己两个耳刮子，想起当初对人家赵书记那个熊态度，真是臊死人了！这些事儿，让老百姓树起大拇指，也让赵会杰有了坚实的群众基础。<br /> <br /> Why should I be slandered by you? Why should my parents be insulted by you?<br /> <br /> A cadre can sacrifice all but his dignity. <br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie couldn't bear it anymore, and she slapped the table and stood up, shouting: &quot;Watch your mouth! It’s true village cadres serve everyone, but they are not a punching bag that anyone can kick whenever they want. Dare you try again? Try again？<br /> <br /> This is the first time in his life that Zhao Huijie has quarreled with others. The anger within her instantly erupted and rushed towards the cursing villagers. Unexpectedly, they suddenly got cold feet. At first he was threatening, seeing that Zhao Huijie did not retard, so he thought Zhao was afraid of him.<br /> <br /> But after all, tigers are not cats, and the anger took effect. This villager drew back, and some people,as spectators who were usually accustomed to pouring fuel to the flame for fear the situation was not tense enough, also understood that being unscrupulous in front of Secretary Zhao could have serious consequences. <br /> <br /> After some time, the son of a cursed villager, a regular party member passed the examination in the village branch. The scolding villager said in private I thought that my son were doomed to fail for what I did, but I didn't expect that this female official could be so malevolent and set what I did aside. Soon, the grandchildren in this villager's family were seriously ill, and Zhao Huijie quickly drove to the city hospital, running here and there to contact the doctor, and the villager said, I just wanna give myself two slaps, whenever I recall my lousy attitude towards Secretary Zhao. It is really ashamed! These things made the people give a thumbs up, and also gave Zhao Huijie a solid mass foundation.<br /> <br /> LiuJiayu：“Why should I be slandered by you? Why should my parents be insulted by you? A cadre can sacrifice all but his dignity.” Zhao Huijie couldn't bear it anymore. She slapped the table and stood up, shouting: &quot;Watch your mouth! It’s true that village cadres serve everyone, but they are not a punching bag that anyone can kick whenever they want to. Dare you try again? Try again?” This was the first time in his life that Zhao Huijie had quarreled with others. The anger within her instantly erupted and rushed towards the villagers who swore at him. Unexpectedly, they suddenly got cold feet. At first, he pushed his luck but found that Zhao Huijie did not talk back, so he thought Zhao was afraid of him. But after all, tigers are not cats, and the anger took effect. This villager drew back. Some people, as spectators who were usually accustomed to adding fuel to the flames for fearing the situation was not tense enough, also understood that being unscrupulous in front of Secretary Zhao could have serious consequences. After some time, the son of the villager who swore, a regular party member passed the examination in the village branch. The villager said in private, “I thought that my son is doomed to fail for what I did, but I don’t expect that this female official could be so tolerant and set what I did aside.” Soon, the grandchildren in this villager's family were seriously ill, and Zhao Huijie quickly drove the child to the municipal hospital, running here and there to contact the doctor. The villager said, “I just wanna slap my face. It was really a shame that I took a lousy attitude towards Secretary Zhao before!” These things made the people give a thumbs-up, and also gave Zhao Huijie a solid mass foundation.<br /> <br /> ====刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 2010年，如此连云叠嶂，酸甜苦辣，赵会杰体重掉了二十二斤，勇敢地进入了角色。<br /> 作为一个村子的党支部书记，大概是我们国家最小的官儿了，也可以说压根就不算什么官，不挣工资，没有对于生产资料的支配权。可是做好一个村的党支部书记，从某种意义上说，却是极具难度的考试。你的面前有一份厚厚的书卷，试题涉及乡村社会的方方面面，这些题你想回答也得回答，不想回答也得回答。所以你只有一个选择，遇到这些考题的时候，去翻试卷的后半部分，那里是为你准备的法律和政策，除此之外，试题以外还有时刻弥漫在民俗乡风之中的人情世故，可以说，在中国农村当下的历史巨变中，每一件看似琐碎的小事，都和社会进步的大主题糅杂在一起，你要刻苦钻研，深度思考，也要有具体问题具体对待的能力。什么是一个村书记的基本素质，那就是心里能放牧一千匹马的马群，眼睛能穿过一粒米那么大的针眼儿，双手能把控每一家一户的拖拉机方向盘。赵会杰这些年来，就是在这种错综复杂的环境，一点点成长，一步步成熟，一年年稳健。<br /> <br /> In 2010, living a busy life full of ups and downs, Zhao Huijie lost 11 kilos and bravely adapted to his present position. As a Party branch secretary of a village, he was probably the minor official in our country. It could also be said that he was not an official at all, for he had no salary and no right to control the means of production. However, in a sense, it is a very strict trial to be a good Party branch secretary of a village. In front of you are a stack of papers with test questions on it, which cover every aspect of village society. Whether you want to or not, you have to answer these questions. So you have only one choice, which is, when you encounter these questions, you need to turn to the latter part of the test paper, where there is the law and policy for you. Besides that, there is also worldly wisdom permeating the folk customs. During the current historic changes in rural China, every seemingly trivial matter is closely related to the main subject of social progress. You need to study assiduously, think deeply, and have the ability to deal with problems on a case-by-case basis, so to speak. What basic qualities should a village secretary have? He/she should have a heart big enough to herd thousands of horses, eyes that can see through a needle the size of a grain of rice, hands that can control the steering wheel of a tractor of each family. In a word, a village secretary should be broad-minded, careful and competent. Over the years, it is in this complex environment that Zhao Huijie has developed little by little, been matured step by step and been steady year by year.<br /> <br /> In 2010, living a busy life full of ups and downs, Zhao Huijie lost 11 kilos and bravely adapted to her present position. As a Party branch secretary of a village, she was probably the minor official in our country. It could also be said that she was not an official at all for having no salary and no right to control the means of production. However, in a sense, it is a very strict trial to be a good Party branch secretary of a village. In front of you are a stack of papers with test questions on it, which cover every aspect of village society. Whether you want to or not, you have to answer these questions. So, you have only one choice, which is, when you encounter these questions, you need to turn to the latter part of the test paper, where there is the law and policy for you. Besides that, there is also worldly wisdom permeating the folk customs. During the current historic changes in rural China, every seemingly trivial matter is closely related to the main subject of social progress. You need to study assiduously, think deeply, and have the ability to deal with problems on a case-by-case basis, so to speak. What basic qualities should a village secretary have? He/she should have a heart big enough to herd thousands of horses, eyes that can see through a needle the size of a grain of rice, hands that can control the steering wheel of a tractor of each household. In a word, a village secretary should be broad-minded, careful and competent. Over the years, it is just in this complex environment that Zhao Huijie has developed little by little, been matured step by step and been steady year by year.<br /> <br /> ====刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====<br /> <br /> 2012年，多年遗留下来的隐患，死灰复燃，起了事端。原来前两任村委会工作出纰漏，一个姑娘许两个婆家，把一块土地同时包给了两家人。老王家说，这块土地是包给我栽树的，老冯家说是包给他家种粮食的，两家打官司，于是把村委会作为第三方一并告了。两家都骂村里，村两委显得十分被动。赵会杰想，政府工作有连续性，不能说新官不理旧政，于是赶紧接手，研究案情，查阅各种法律条文，询问当事人，请法院帮助调节，自己也在双方之间做工作，最后发现其中一方，其实土地使用合同已经快到期了，自己却并不知晓，便做了双方工作，劝原告撤诉，一件复杂的案子就这样解决了。这件事，让赵会杰陷入深思，作为基层组织给老百姓办事，事无巨细，一定要严把法律政策关，把工作做到细致入微，不留隐患，对未来负责。<br /> 为了早日改变小庙子的贫穷与落后，赵会杰心里是很焦急的。她每天骑着一个小摩托，从合作社，到村委会，到镇里，到一个个贫困户的家中，面对许多从未遇到的问题，总是觉得自己的学识储备和阅历经验都不够用，总觉得时间过得太快，眼前堆积的事情太多，在快马急枪的同时，她无意中冒出几句感慨，被村干部们传来传去，就成了小庙子金句。有一天她和同志们在办公室填写贫困户识别统计表，上级要求第二天上午上报，可是熬到大半夜还没有完工，她睏得上下眼皮快要粘在一起了，赶紧用湿凉的毛巾擦了把脸，脱口而出——一天应该有四十八个小时才对劲。还有一天，她骑着摩托下乡，侧面来了一只毛驴仔，正好撞在她的摩托上，旁边有个壕沟，她人和车全都栽了下去，爬出沟，到医院一看，一条腿膝盖摔碎，可是第二天村里要召开会议，通过修桥方案，她照常出现在会场上，大伙儿劝她休息，她又脱口而出——腿折了，脑子不是还能转吗。<br /> <br /> In 2012, a hidden danger left several years ago had appeared again. It turned out that there was a mistake made by the last two village committees, which was that they contracted a land to two households at the same time. Lao Wang said that the land was contracted to him to plant trees, while Lao Feng said that it was for him to grow grains. They went to court for this, and thus sued the village committee as a third party. For both of them keeping blaming the committee, village party branch and village committee seemed be so passive. Zhao Huijie thought that there was a continuity in government work, so a new officer should also handle the old cases. He immediately took in charge of it, and then he did some researches, looked up for various legal provisions, asked Lao Wang and Lang Feng for detail information and asked the court for help. He himself was also did other things to solve their problem. Finally, he found that the contract of the land acquisition of one of them was about to expire, while the one didn’t know that. After telling them that truth, Zhao advised the plaintiff to withdraw the lawsuit, and thus the complicated case was settled. This made Zhao fall into a meditation: as a member of primary-level organization serving civilians, we must strictly follow the law and policies, solve every problem meticulously, leave no hidden dangers, and be responsible to the future. Thinking of changing the poverty and backwardness of Xiaomiaozi village early, Zhao felt anxious about it. She rode her small motorcycle from the cooperative to the committee, the town and every poverty-stricken household every day. When confronting with new problems, she always felt that there was a long way to go in gaining knowledge and experience, and time passed so fast. When speeding up efforts to complete those accumulated work, she sighed with emotion unconsciously which was spread by village cadres and then became popular words in the village. One day, she and her partners needed to fill the poverty-stricken household identification statistics table, which was demanded to report on the next day. But the job hadn’t been finished at midnight, and she was so sleepy that her eyelids almost glued together. So, she hurriedly used a towel wetted with cold water to wash her face, and blurted that there should be 48 hours in a day. And in another day, she rode her motorcycle to the village. But a little donkey ran to her and just hit the motor, which led her and the scooter to fell down in a ditch. After pulling herself out, she went to the hospital and knew that one of her knees was broken. However, she still attended the second day’s meeting to pass the plan of building a bridge. All the cadres in there persuaded her to have a rest, but she blurted again-though my leg was broken, my brain could still work.<br /> <br /> <br /> In 2012, a hidden danger left several years ago had appeared again. It turned out that there was a mistake made by the last two village committees, which was that they contracted a land to two households at the same time. Lao Wang said that the land was contracted to him to plant trees, while Lao Feng said that it was for him to grow grains. They went to court for this, and thus sued the village committee as a third party. For both of them keeping blaming the committee, village party branch and village committee seemed be so passive.Zhao Huijie thought that there was a continuity in government work, so a new officer should also handle the old cases. He immediately took charge of it, and then he did some researches, looked up for various legal provisions, asked Lao Wang and Lang Feng for detail information and asked the court for help. He himself also did some negotiation with the two families. Finally, he found that the contract of the land acquisition of one of them was about to expire, while the other one didn’t know that. After telling them that truth, Zhao advised the plaintiff to withdraw the lawsuit, and thus the complicated case was settled. This made Zhao fall into a meditation: as a member of primary-level organization serving civilians, we must strictly follow the law and policies, solve every problem meticulously, leave no hidden dangers, and be responsible for the future. Thinking of changing the poverty and backwardness of Xiaomiaozi village early, Zhao felt anxious about it.This made Zhao fall into a meditation: as a member of primary-level organization serving civilians, we must strictly follow the law and policies, solve every problem meticulously, leave no hidden dangers, and be responsible to the future.Thinking of changing the poverty and backwardness of Xiaomiaozi village early, Zhao felt anxious about it. She rode her small motorcycle from the cooperative to the committee, the town and every poverty-stricken household every day. When confronting with new problems, she always felt that there was a long way to go in gaining knowledge and experience, and time passed so fast. When speeding up efforts to complete those accumulated work, she sighed with emotion unconsciously which was spread by village cadres and then became popular words in the village. One day, she and her partners needed to fill the poverty-stricken household identification statistics table, which was demanded to report on the next day. But the job hadn’t been finished at midnight, and she was so sleepy that her eyelids almost glued together. So, she hurriedly used a towel wetted with cold water to wash her face, and blurted that there should be 48 hours in a day. And in another day, she rode her motorcycle to the village. But a little donkey ran to her and just hit the motor, which led her and the scooter to fell down in a ditch. After pulling herself out, she went to the hospital and knew that one of her knees was broken. However, she still attended the second day’s meeting to pass the plan of building a bridge. All the cadres in there persuaded her to have a rest, but she blurted again-though my leg was broken, my brain could still work.<br /> <br /> ====刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 理想是美好的，然而，仅有一腔子的奋不顾身却是不够用的。中国的乡村，就像一个扎根在石头缝的植物，扭扭曲曲地长了几千年，期间留下的任何一个痼疾，都不是一夜之间可以剔除一清的。乡村文明绝不是唱唱歌，跳跳广场舞，搞一场公益活动就可以建立起来的。新农村的文明必须有普遍的法律观念做基础。有一件事，又给赵会杰敲起了警钟。夏天浇地的时候，有两家动了拳脚。老王家的男人没有老冯家的女人生猛，让老冯家的女人用铁锨把大拇指给劈碎了。等赵会杰紧赶慢赶到了现场的时候，满地血渍，一片缭乱。老冯家的女人被派出所带走了，受伤的老王家男人也被送医院去了。当时赵会杰正在四处为引进建设项目四处求援，忙得不可开交，如果她对此事不加臧否，转身离去，一切听凭司法部门处理，并无不对之处。但是她想，如果这个案件判下来，极大的可能性是打人者坐几年牢，这虽然是公正的，但是对于这两家来说，结果或许就是两败俱伤。于是，赵会杰先去老王家劝解——对你来说最重要的是医药费和赔偿金，把手指治好，她伤人坐牢，罪有应得，但家里少了一个干活主力，到时候还不上你的钱，你的问题依然解决不了；然后又来到老冯家，动员打人妇女的丈夫主动到老王家赔礼道歉，先拿出一部分医疗费以示诚意，然后开车接送伤者到医院治疗。一来二去，受伤者也渐渐消了气 ，主动到法院提出请求从轻处理，最后，伤人者被判缓刑，俩家妥善地处理了理赔事宜，从此相安无事。<br /> 诸如此类的事情，赵会杰不知道处理了多少起，相关政策法律已经植入到她的大脑深处，变成了自然而然的经验。2017年，赤峰市开始评选金牌法律调解人，赵会杰得票第一，光荣当选。<br /> <br /> <br /> The wish is desirable, however, with only defiance is not enough to make it. China's countryside, like a plant rooted in the stone cracks, has been twisting and turning for thousands of years, so any chronic disease left behind can not be removed overnight. Rural civilization can never be established by singing, square dancing, or holding a public service event. The new rural civilization must have a universal legal concept as the basis. There was one incident that gave Zhao Huijie another warning. When irrigating land in summer, two families involved in a punch-up. The man in Wang family was not as fierce as the woman in Feng family, so the man's thumb was shattered by the woman with a shovel. When Zhao Huijie arrived at the scene in a hurry, only found the ground was covered with blood stains, all in a dazzling mess. The woman was taken away by the police station, and the injured man was taken to the hospital. At that time, Zhao Huijie is busy with the introduction of construction projects, seeking for support everywhere. In this case, if she left this case alone and turned away, with everything at the disposal of the judiciary, there is nothing wrong. But she thought, the great possibility for the sentence is that the woman will be in jail for a few years, which is fair, but neither side wins. Therefore, Zhao Huijie first persuaded the old Wang family that the most important thing for them is the medical expenses and compensation to heal the finger, As for the woman, she has hurted you, so she deserved to be in jail, but this means their family will less a workhorse, and may not be able to pay back your money, and your problem is still not solved. Then he came to the old Feng family, asking the husband of the battering woman to apologize to the old Wang family, giving a part of the medical expenses to show their good wish, and then drove the injured to the hospital for treatment. One thing leads to another, the injured gradually subsided, so he went to the court to request leniency. Finally, the woman was sentenced to probation, the two families properly handled the claims, and from then on, nothing happened.Things like that, Zhang huijie has did so much. Related policies and laws has rooted in his mind, becoming natural experience. In 2017, Chifeng City began to select the Gold Medal Legal Mediator, and Zhao Huijie was honored to be elected as the first prize.<br /> <br /> Wishes are desirable, however, with only passion and blind efforts is not enough to realize them. China's countryside, like a plant rooted in the stone cracks, has been growing in a distorted way for thousands of years. Any chronic disease developed in that period not be removed overnight. Rural civilization can never be established by singing, square dancing, or a public service event. The new rural civilization must have a universal legal concept as its basis.There was one incident that gave Zhao Huijie another warning. In summer, two families stared a fight with each other when irrigating lands. The man in Wang family was not as fierce as the woman in Feng family. His thumb was shattered by the woman with a shovel. Zhao Huijie hurried to the scene, only to find the ground was covered with blood stains, all in a dazzling mess. The woman was taken away by the police, and the injured man was taken to the hospital. At that time, Zhao Huijie was busy with the introduction of construction projects, seeking for support everywhere.But if she just ignored the fight and turned away, letting the judiciary disposal of, there is nothing wrong. But she thought, the great possibility for the sentence is that the woman will be in jail for a few years, which is fair, but neither side wins. Therefore, Zhao Huijie first persuaded the old Wang family that the most important thing for them is the medical expenses and compensation to heal the finger, As for the woman, she has hurted you, so she deserved to be in jail, but this means their family will less a workhorse, and may not be able to pay back your money, and your problem is still not solved. Then he came to the old Feng family, asking the husband of the battering woman to apologize to the old Wang family, giving a part of the medical expenses to show their good wish, and then drove the injured to the hospital for treatment. One thing leads to another, the injured gradually subsided, so he went to the court to request leniency. Finally, the woman was sentenced to probation, the two families properly handled the claims, and from then on, nothing happened.Things like that, Zhang huijie has did so much. Related policies and laws has rooted in his mind, becoming natural experience. In 2017, Chifeng City began to select the Gold Medal Legal Mediator, and Zhao Huijie was honored to be elected as the first prize.<br /> <br /> ====刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing====<br /> <br /> 三<br /> <br /> 从2010年到2017年，赵会杰与党员干部集思广益，通过协调资金、引进项目，让之前浇不上水的耕地都浇上了水，使庄稼作物有了生长保证。<br /> 小庙子村有种植胡萝卜的历史，但是规模不够大，由于比较封闭，村民使用的种籽质量一般，田间作业技术也相对落后，所以产量和质量在市场上没有竞争力。2012年赵会杰大力动员村民，上网，上QQ，寻找好种子，了解了市场需求，让家家户户看到了商机，又带领村民到河北围场学习当地种胡萝卜的经验，探索机械化作业，鼓励村民种胡萝卜，当年全村种胡萝卜的土地面积达到了三千七百亩，到了秋后一算账，家家户户喜上眉梢，全村仅此一项总共收入就达到一千多万元。<br /> 人勤春早。到了第二年，地里的泥土还冻得硬邦邦的，人们的眼睛里仿佛看见了满垄沟红红绿绿的胡萝卜，早早地就开始了耙地膜，翻地，准备再创一个丰收年。万万没想到的是，东南亚市场突然动荡，赤峰胡萝卜供大于求，小庙子村赶在风口上，基本血本无归。几千亩地的胡萝卜卖不出去，堆在场院里做了饲料。年轻人扔下一院子胡萝卜，走了，加入打工大军，到城市里扛水泥、修地铁去了。他们觉得，打工最起码可以吃上大米饭和肉包子。<br /> From 2010 to 2017, through brainstorming, coordination of funds and introduction of projects, Zhao Huijie and his party members successfully brought water to the arid arable land, so that the growth of crops could be guaranteed. In 2012, Zhao Huijie mobilized the villagers to go online and learnt to use QQ, through which they found good seeds, know more about the market needs, and saw business opportunities.He also led the villagers to Hebei Weichang to learn carrot-planting and explore mechanized operations. Then he encouraged the villagers to plant carrots. As a result, in that year the area of land planted with carrots in the village reached 3,700 mu. In autumn and after harvest, the whole village was full of happiness, for it turned out the sole income of carrot-planting was over 10 million yuan.Spring came earlier for hardworking people. In the second year, the soil was still frozen hard, but villagers has already begun to rake the mulch and turn the ground early, ready to create another good harvest year as if they had seen that the ditches were filled with carrots.However, due to the unexpected turmoil in the Southeast Asian market, the supply of carrots in Chifeng far exceeded the demand, carrot planters in the village of Xiaomiaozi basically lost all the money they had invested. Thousands of acres of carrots could not be sold and were piled up in the yard as fodder. The young left their carrots on the yard and went away to join the army of migrant workers in the city where they did jobs like carrying cement and building subways. They thought at least this job could offer them rice and meat buns to eat.<br /> <br /> ====鲁思 Lu Si====<br /> <br /> 赵会杰带领村两委成员，痛定思痛，开始寻找能够让小庙子村焕发生机的可行性项目。深秋已至，在空荡荡的胡萝卜地边上，他们看见还有几个村民在田里干活儿。<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie summed up the experiences and led the members of the villages and the towns to start looking for feasible projects that could rejuvenate Xiaomiaozi village. In the late autumn, they saw a few villagers working in the fields by the empty carrot fields.<br /> <br /> 他们的地块不大，绿色的秧苗已经熟透，呈现出一片麦秸色的光彩。原来这是刘家营子自然组的村民，他们这一年没有种胡萝卜，而是利用有限空地，种了一些沙参、桔梗、牛膝之类的中草药，现下到了收获的时候。<br /> <br /> Although their crop field was small, The green seedlings were already ripe and showed a golden yellow color. This is the villagers of Liujiayingzi natural group. Instead of planting carrots this year, they used the limited crop field to plant some herbs such as Salvia, Radix et Rhizoma and Hyssop, now it is time to harvest.<br /> <br /> 赤峰地区干旱少雨，夏季阳光强烈，无霜期不长，村民用传统方法种植这些一年或两年生的中草药，虽说产量不高，但基本可以旱涝保收，还不像种胡萝卜那样过于消耗土地养分，可以多年连种，不用通过换种其它作物让土地休息。<br /> <br /> The Chifeng region is dry with little rain, strong sunlight in summer, and a short frost-free period.The villagers use the traditional method to grow these annual or biennial herbs, although the yield is not high, but basically can be drought and flood, but also unlike the planting of carrots as too much consumption of land nutrients, can be planted continuously for many years, without having to let the land rest by replanting other crops.<br /> <br /> 或许种中草药可以成为小庙子村的一个产业方向？<br /> 这时候村里回来一个能人。他的名字叫李永波，此人在北京打拼十几年了，有了自己的公司和工厂，手里也有了一定的经济积累。<br /> <br /> Perhaps planting herbs can become an industrial direction for Xiaomiaozi Village. At this time, the village came back a capable man named Li Yongbo, who had been working in Beijing for more than ten years and had his own company, factory and a certain amount of economic accumulation.<br /> <br /> 他回故乡的原因主要是想多陪陪父母，同时也有在农村搞个项目的想法，据说他也开始研究上了中草药种植。<br /> <br /> He returned to his hometown mainly because he wanted to Filial to his parents, but also wanted to start a project in the countryside, it is said that he also began to study on herbal cultivation.<br /> <br /> ====陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====<br /> <br /> 作为支部书记，赵会杰了解每一个党员。<br /> <br /> As the secretary of the Party branch, Zhao Huijie knows every Party member well.<br /> <br /> As the secretary of the Party branch, Zhao Huijie knows every Party member well.<br /> <br /> 李永波年富力强，三十多岁，虽然是个有钱人了，但是在村里敬老爱幼，每次回家都会去看看村里的老人，不管和自己有没有亲戚，他都像对待自己家的长辈一样尊敬，见了谁家有困难，绝对不会绕着走，借出去的钱有一百多万了，人家不主动还，他从不要债。<br /> <br /> Li Yongbo is in his prime of life, in his thirties. Although he is a rich man, he respects the old and cherishes the young in the village. Every time he comes home, he goes to see the old in the village. No matter whether the person is his relative or not, he always treats him with the respect like his families. He will never walk around when he sees someone who is in trouble. He has borrowed more than one million yuan, and he never ask for his money even if the debtor doesn't take the initiative to pay it back.<br /> <br /> Li Yongbo is in his prime of life and his thirties. Although he is a rich man, he respects the old and cherishes the young in the village. Every time he comes home, he goes to see the old in the village. No matter whether the person is his relative or not, he always treats them with the same respect as his elders. He will never walk around when he sees someone who is in trouble. He has borrowed more than one million yuan, and he never ask for his money even if the debtor doesn't take the initiative to pay it back.<br /> <br /> 赵会杰最看重的是他的党员身份，他在村里过组织生活，只要没有特殊情况，他从不缺席。<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie values his party membership most. She leads an organized life in the village. And she is never absent as long as there are no special circumstances.<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie values his party membership most. He leads an organized life in the village. And he is never absent as long as there are no special circumstances.<br /> <br /> 赵会杰认为李永波是一个有情怀，重承诺，守纪律的人。<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie believes that Li Yongbo is a person with feelings, commitment and discipline.<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie believes that Li Yongbo is a person with feelings, commitment and discipline.<br /> <br /> 正值村委会换届，赵会杰作为党支部书记要主持这项工作。<br /> <br /> At the time of the change of the village committee, Zhao Huijie, as the secretary of the Party branch, is going to preside over this work.<br /> <br /> At the time of the change of the village committee, Zhao Huijie, as the secretary of the Party branch, is going to preside over this work.<br /> <br /> 她闭上眼睛，把已经提出参选的人在脑子里一遍遍过电影，虽然这些人选也有一些优势，但是综合起来，谁也不如李永波合适。<br /> <br /> She closed her eyes and thought about the people who had proposed to run for election over and over again. Although these candidates also had some advantages, none was as suitable as Li Yongbo.<br /> <br /> She closed her eyes and thought about the people who had proposed to run for election over and over again. Although these candidates also had some advantages, none was as suitable as Li Yongbo.<br /> <br /> 于是赵会杰主动上门，开始一顾茅庐。<br /> <br /> So Zhao Huijie took the initiative to visit the Li Yongbo.<br /> <br /> So Zhao Huijie took the initiative to visit the Li Yongbo for the first time.<br /> <br /> “永波大兄弟，回来了？”<br /> <br /> &quot;Yongbo, come back?&quot;<br /> <br /> &quot;Yongbo, already came back?&quot;<br /> <br /> “书记大姐，你怎么来了？”<br /> <br /> &quot;Secretary Zhao, why are you here?&quot;<br /> <br /> &quot;Secretary Zhao, why are you here?&quot;<br /> <br /> “怎么，不赶着回北京吧？”<br /> <br /> &quot;You won't rush back to Beijing, right?&quot;<br /> <br /> &quot;You won't rush back to Beijing, right?&quot;<br /> <br /> “经营的事情交给了我弟弟妹妹临时管着，我想在村里多陪陪父母。”<br /> <br /> &quot;My brother and sister are in charge of the business temporarily. Because I want to spend more time with my parents in the village.&quot;<br /> <br /> &quot;My brother and sister are in charge of the business temporarily now. Because I want to spend more time with my parents in the village.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====马明宇 Ma Mingyu====<br /> <br /> “咱村的蒙古族老人爱说一句话——雄鹰飞在天上，影子留在草原上，你到底是咱小庙子的男儿，还是离不开老家吧？”<br /> <br /> &quot;The Mongolian elderly in our village love to say that the eagle flies in the sky and the shadow stays on the grassland. You are the man of our small temple, so don't you think that you can't leave your hometown?<br /> <br /> “那是呀，大姐。”<br /> <br /> &quot;That's right, Secretary Zhao.&quot;<br /> <br /> “既然是咱村人，就请老弟多多为咱们村发展尽力吧。”<br /> <br /> &quot;Since you are from our village, please do your best for the development of our village.&quot;<br /> <br /> “大姐尽管说，咱村现在缺点儿啥？我也正想着为家乡搞一点公益或者扶贫的项目呢。”<br /> <br /> &quot;Secretary Zhao, please tell me, what does our village need now? I'm also thinking of doing some public welfare or poverty alleviation projects for our hometown.&quot;<br /> <br /> “那我就说了，咱村现下最缺的，就是一个优秀的村主任。”<br /> <br /> &quot;Well, I will say that what our village needs most now is an excellent village director.&quot;<br /> <br /> 没想到李永波一个不行两个不行，退得老远。<br /> <br /> Unexpectedly, Li Yongbo said no, no, no, and retreated a long way.<br /> <br /> 赵会杰心里空落落地回来了。但是并没有放弃，她想，就是这个金不换的李永波了！我头拱地也要把他挖到村委会当主任。<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie came back empty hearted. But she didn't give up, she thought, Li Yongbo was absolutely the excellent person! I will let him being the director of the village committee even if I have to kneel on the ground.<br /> <br /> 赵会杰知道李永波是个孝子，从来都不会违拗老母亲的意愿，便去找赵老太太做工作。老太太也是不同意，她说北京那一大摊子怎么也不能完全交出去，当了村长又要添一大摊子，儿子怕是忙不过来。<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie knew that Li Yongbo was a dutiful son and would never disobey his mother's wishes, so she went to work with Mrs. Zhao. The old lady also disagreed. She said that the mess of things in Beijing could not be completely handed over. As a village head, my son would to have another mess of things. I think he would be too busy to handle.<br /> <br /> 还有一个星期就要初选了，李永波仍然没有报名的意思。<br /> <br /> The primary election is only a week away, and Li Yongbo still has no intention of signing up.<br /> <br /> ====彭琦 Peng Qi====<br /> <br /> 这期间赵会杰找过他好几次，都没有成功。不过李永波向赵会杰吐露了一个自己的想法，那就是想搞一个种植中草药的产业，这和赵会杰的想法不谋而合。赵会杰立即热情地给予鼓励，建议他成立一个中草药产业合作社，带动全村一起走中草药生产加工一条龙的路子。赵会杰以往的为人，现在的这份真心和热情一步步打动着李永波。<br /> During this period, Zhao Huijie approached him several times, but without clear answers. However, Li Yongbo revealed to Zhao Huijie an idea of his own that he wanted to start an industry of planting herbs, which coincided with Zhao. Zhao immediately encouraged Li Yongbo, suggesting that he set up a herbal medicine industry co-operative to drive the whole village to get involved in the industry. Zhao Huijie's past persona and now this sincerity and enthusiasm have impressed Li Yongbo step by step.<br /> <br /> During this period, Zhao Huijie has approached him several times, but there were no clear answers. Li Yongbo, however, revealed to Zhao Huijie an idea of his own that he wanted to start an industry of planting herbs, which coincided with Zhao’s idea. Then Zhao immediately encouraged Li Yongbo, suggesting that he set up an herbal medicine industry co-operative to drive the whole village to get involved in the industry. Zhao Huijie's past behavior and now his sincerity and enthusiasm have impressed Li Yongbo step by step.<br /> <br /> 正巧，赤峰市的政协副主席王晓峰到小庙子村调研，李永波是市政协委员，他们自然要见个面。赵会杰机灵一动，就来了个责任绑架：“王主席我跟你反映个情况。”<br /> <br /> It just so happened that Wang Xiaofeng, the vice chairman of the CPPCC of Chifeng City, went to Xiaomiaozi Village for research, and Li Yongbo was a member of the municipal CPPCC, so they had to meet. Zhao Huijie was quick-witted and came to a coercion of responsibility: &quot;President Wang I'll reflect a situation with you.&quot;<br /> <br /> It just so happened that Wang Xiaofeng, the vice chairman of the CPPCC of Chifeng City, went to Xiaomiaozi Village for research, and Li Yongbo was a member of the municipal CPPCC, so they had to meet. Zhao Huijie was quick-witted and came to a coercion of responsibility, &quot;President Wang I'll reflect a situation with you.&quot;<br /> <br /> “你们的政协委员也不支持我们村党建引领大发展啊，这不就是让我这个书记不合格吗……”<br /> <br /> &quot;Your CPPCC members don't support our village party’s job in gaining big development , and I, as the secretary, then go unqualified.....&quot;<br /> <br /> &quot;Your CPPCC members don't support our village party to promote great development, and I, as the secretary, then go unqualified...&quot;<br /> <br /> “政协委员不担当，政协主席得替我们说话啊……”<br /> &quot;CPPCC members don't play their role, but you, the president, have to speak up for us ......&quot;<br /> <br /> &quot;CPPCC members don't play their role, but you, the president, have to speak up for us ...&quot;<br /> <br /> 王晓峰主席说，会杰书记，你的意思是我这个副主席工作不到位吧？ 到了李永波家一唠，王晓峰主席再三鼓励，赵会杰把她考虑成熟的合作社思路一介绍，李永波说：“那要是老百姓不选我怎么办，还有不少人正在准备拉票选举呢”。原来李永波还是了解一些情况的。<br /> <br /> Wang Xiaofeng, the president, said, Secretary Zhao, ”you mean I am not working properly , right?” When he arrived at Li Yongbo's home, President Wang Xiaofeng repeatedly encouraged Zhao Huijie to introduce his ideas of the industry co-operative, but Li Yongbo said: &quot;what if the people do not elect me, there are many people preparing to canvass the election. It turned out that Li Yongbo still knew something about the situation.<br /> <br /> Wang Xiaofeng, the president, said, “Secretary Zhao, you mean I am not working well, right?” When he arrived at Li Yongbo's home, President Wang Xiaofeng repeatedly encouraged Zhao Huijie to introduce his ideas of a co-operative, but Li Yongbo said, &quot;what if the people do not elect me, there are many people preparing to canvass the election.” It turned out that Li Yongbo still knew something about the situation.<br /> <br /> ====漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====<br /> <br /> 赵会杰说：“那是在你没有参选的前提下，他们才有参选的想法。根据我掌握的情况，你虽然没有报名，还有百分之二十的村民在推举你呢。”<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie said, &quot; You did not take part in the election, so they had the idea to run for the position.” For what I know, although you didn’t sign up for the position, 20% of the villagers vote you.&quot;<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie said, “ That’s because you didn’t take part in the election, then they had the idea to run for the position.” For what I know, although you didn’t sigh up, there are still 20% of the villagers have voted you.”<br /> <br /> 李永波睁大了眼睛，半晌，他说出了心里话：“只要老百姓选我，我就干。”<br /> <br /> Opening his eyes wide, Li Yongbo said from his heart after a while, &quot;As long as the people choose me, I will do it.&quot; <br /> <br /> Li Yongbo opened his eyes, said form heart that, “ If it’s people that choose me, I will do it.”<br /> <br /> 事情果然不出赵会杰所料，候选人名单一经公布，那情形正如赤峰当地话所说——一鸟入林，百鸟哑音，其它候选人纷纷主动退出，李永波最后以一边倒的多数票当选村主任。<br /> <br /> As Zhao Huijie had expected, once the list of candidates was released, it was just like the local saying in Chifeng, “One bird entered the forest, a hundred birds lost their voice.” Consequently, other candidates withdrew one after another. Li Yongbo was elected the village director by an overwhelming majority.<br /> <br /> As Zhao Huijie had expected, once the list of candidates was announced, the situation could be summarize as the local saying in Chifeng, “one excellent bird entered the frost, a hundred birds lost their voice.” Consequently, other candidates withdrew one after another, and Li Yongbo elected the village director by an overwhelmingly dominant on votes.<br /> <br /> 松山区区长表扬赵会杰，你这招儿可真是高明！<br /> <br /> The head of Songshan District praised Zhao Huijie, “You are so wise!”<br /> <br /> The head of Songshan District praised Zhao Huijie, “ You did that so wise!”<br /> <br /> <br /> 全村党员群众士气大振，跃跃欲试，因为领导和老百姓都看到了这样的一种动势——李永波的加入，不仅给小庙子村带来一个合作社的蓝图，还给小庙子带来了企业化的思维，而他对市场的敏感，在经营方面的机智，正好和赵会杰带动全村老百姓脱贫致富，走合作化、集约化宽广大道的思路相得益彰。<br /> <br /> The morale of the party members and the masses in the village has been greatly boosted, and they are eager to try, because the leaders and the people have seen such a momentum--Li Yongbo's participation has not only provided a cooperative blueprint for Xiaomiaozi Village, but also brought Xiaomiaozi's entrepreneurial thinking. His sensitivity to the market and his wisdom in management complement Zhao Huijie's idea of driving the villagers out of poverty and becoming rich, and taking a broad road of cooperation and intensification.<br /> <br /> The morale of the party members and masses in the village has been greatly boosted, they are always eager to give a try on the work. Because the leaders and people saw such a momentum--the participation of Li Yongbo has not only provided a cooperative blueprint for Xiaomiaozi village, but also brought an entrepreneurial thinking. Meanwhile, his sensitivity to the market and wisdom in management just in line with Zhao Huijie’s idea of driving the villagers keeping away from poverty and gaining prosperity, with a broad way of cooperation and intensification.<br /> <br /> 李永波做事情，带着一种强迫症般的惯性，一定要做得非常好，九十分绝对不行，一百分了，还有回头看，最终不达一百零五分不下马。赵会杰是快马急枪，说干就干，绝不拖拖拉拉。两个人雷厉风行，同心互补，“宏都种植专业合作社”很快组建成立了，根据小庙子村的土地禀赋，决定种植桔梗、牛膝、防风等中药材，方式是统一为农户提供种子、技术、市场信息，统一销售产品。<br /> <br /> With an obsessive-compulsive inertia, Li Yongbo must do things very well. Ninety points is absolutely no. Even if he got one hundred points, he still looked back until it reached 105 points. Zhao Huijie, a quick horse and a quick shot, would do what he said and never procrastinated. These two people worked energetically and made concerted efforts to complement each other. &quot;Hongdu Planting Professional Cooperative&quot; was soon established. Due to the land endowment of Xiaomiaozi Village, they decided to plant such traditional Chinese medicines as Platycodon grandiflorum, Achyranthes bidentata, and Fangfeng,by providing farmers with seeds,technology, market information,and selling products in a unified way.<br /> <br /> With an obsessive-compulsive habit, Li Yongbo must do everything the best. Ninety point is absolutely no. One hundred point is also not the end, he still looks forward until he reaches 105 points. And whatever he said, he would do it immediately with no hesitation. These two people both work very fast and they can complement each other. “Hongdu Planting Professional Cooperative” was soon established. Due to the land endowment of Xiaomiaozi village, traditional Chinese medicines were decided to be planted, like Platycodon grandiflorum, Achyranthes bidentata, and Fangfeng, with planting methods like providing farmers with seeds,technology, market information,and selling products.<br /> <br /> ====覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====<br /> <br /> 李永波在前方挂帅，赵会杰根据脱贫攻坚的相关政策，为合作社保驾护航，争取来扶贫专项、国家奖补等专项资金及时注入。<br /> <br /> Li Yongbo commanded work firstly, and Zhao Huijie ensured that work of the Cooperative would be carried out regularly according to the policies of Poverty Eradication, striving to make the special funds, like special projects of Poverty Alleviation and state awards, inject in work on time.<br /> <br /> 2017年，合作社以每亩八百元的价格集中流转村民土地一千五百亩，2018年达到两千二百亩，种植药材品种增加到二十个，辐射带动全镇种植药材一万余亩。<br /> <br /> In 2017, Cooperative transferred 1,500 acres of residents’ land intensively at 800 yuan per acres, and that figure has become 2,000 in 2018. In the meantime, the species of herbal medicines planted reached to 20, thus promoted the total amount of medicine planted of the town reached more than 10,000 acres.<br /> <br /> 最初合作社只有九名成员，当我到小庙子参观的时候，已经吸纳三百二十三户农户入社。<br /> <br /> The Cooperative only has 9 members at first, however, it has increased to 323 when I visited the small temple village. <br /> <br /> 在宽敞整洁的厂房里，洗药机器正在运行，一些清理去皮的桔梗，像白玉似的堆积成小山，来自各个自然村的弱体力村民，正在修剪着刚出土的药材，<br /> <br /> In the spacious and tidy factory, the medicine washing machine was running when I went into it. Like white jade, those peeled eustomas were piled up like hills. Weak physical villagers from different natural villages were pruning herbal medicines that freshly unearthed. <br /> <br /> 他们坐在厚厚的羊毛坐垫上，陷入桔梗的包围，像给孩子们打理食物一样，双手轻松娴熟，十分专注，看见我，脸上呈现出温和的笑意。<br /> <br /> Surrounded by eustomas, they sat on thick wool cushion and pruned those medicines skillfully and patiently like preparing food for children. As they noticed me, a gentle smile appeared on their face. <br /> <br /> 2018年7月，合作社投资了三百五十万元，新建厂房2200平方米，建设蔬菜及药材清洗、加工、脱水生产线，热火朝天的合作社已经成为小庙子村脱贫致富的依托。 <br /> <br /> In July 2018, the Cooperative invested three and a half million yuan to built 2,200 square meters of factory, furthermore, a production line of vegetables and herbal medicines’ cleaning, processing and dewatering. At that time, the Cooperative which has been running with great enthusiasm has become the villagers’ reliance on escaping from poverty and gaining prosperity. <br /> <br /> 用李永波的话来说，带动贫困户脱贫致富是合作社义不容辞的责任。<br /> <br /> In Li Yongbo’s words, it’s the duty of the Cooperative to make those poor households reach these achievements. <br /> <br /> 成立以来，合作社已经以每亩一千元的价格流转贫困户土地二百二十五亩，并优先雇佣有劳动能力的贫困户到合作社务工，让他们人均年务工收入达到八千至一万二千元，2018年带动村内二十八名贫困户脱贫。<br /> <br /> Since its establishment, the Cooperative had transferred 225 acres of residents’ land at 1,000 yuan per acres. It also gave priority to those poor households with working ability to work in the group, with annual income about 8,000 to 12,000 yuan per capita. In 2018, twenty-eight poor households in the village were driven out of poverty under the guidance of it.<br /> <br /> ====卿子晔 Qing Ziye====<br /> <br /> 随即，赵会杰申请注册了“小庙子村”商标，并以合作社和村委会名义申请了蔬菜和中药材深加工国家项目，继续纵深延伸产业链条，提高产品附加值，不仅要大力发展药材种植，还要进行清洗、包装等深加工。让村民在土地集约利用、产业多元发展中享受更多实惠。 <br /> 赵会杰并没有因此而放松下来。赵会杰心心念念的是那些没有能力到合作社务工的特困户。<br /> 说起贫困户脱贫的情况，赵会杰犹如给我端出来一大筐苹果，她信手拈来，就是一个芳香四溢的故事。看她对村里五十几户贫困户的了解程度，就知道这些年来，她在扶贫工作上下了多少功夫。在讲述的过程中，她几次掉下眼泪。她有一句话，说得与众不同，值得在这里记录下来。她说扶贫先扶志，扶贫先扶内生动力，这些全对。但是还有一条，扶贫要动真感情，要在心与心之间修路建桥。 <br /> 小庙子村有一个个子最矮的妇女，只有135厘米高，她叫刘汉芝，从外村嫁到小庙子以后，生了三个孩子，两个丫头，一个儿子。不幸的是，她的儿子在很小的时候被庸医扎针，造成了残疾。不久她的丈夫患脑溢血去世，她家的生活每况愈下，到了十分艰难的程度。刘汉芝是个刚强又明白人，她对两个女儿说，别惦记着我和你弟弟，你们的路还长，该奔着好日子走，嫁的远一点没关系，只要能嫁的好一点。她没有哭，乐呵呵地把两个闺女送出门，看着她们上了婚车。<br /> <br /> Then Zhao Huijie came to register the trademark of “Xiaomiaozi Village” and applied for the national project for deep processing of vegetables and traditional Chinese medicine in the name of cooperatives and village committees, so as to extend the industrial chain in depth and improve the added value of products. Not only the cultivation of medicinal materials should be vigorously developed, but also the deep processing such as cleaning and packaging need to be carried out. Therefore, the villagers would enjoy more benefits in the intensive use of land and the pluralistic development of industry.<br /> <br /> But Zhao Huijie did not feel at ease. Her mind was full with those extremely poor families which have no labor able to work in the co-op. When it comes to lifting poor families out of poverty, Zhao Huijie seemed like bringing me a big basket of apples. Whenever she opens her mouth, she gave me a fragrant story. Judging from her concern of more than 50 poor households in the village, we could see how much effort she has made in poverty alleviation over the years. In the course of the story, her eyes were moist several times. There was one saying stated by her that was different and worth writing down. She said that poverty alleviation should first cheer people’s wills and stimulate their motivation, all of which were correct. Besides, she also said that “to help the poor, we should have real feelings and connect each other’s hearts”. There was a shortest woman named Liu Hanzhi in this village, who was only 135 centimeters tall. She came from another village to Xiaomiaozi Village to get married, giving birth to three children with two girls and a son. Unfortunately, her son was maimed by a quack when he was very young. Soon her husband died of a cerebral hemorrhage. The family’s life went from bad to worse. Strong and sensible, Liu Hanzhi said to her two daughters, “Don’t worry about me and your brother. You still have a long way to go. You should go for a good day. It doesn’t matter if you marry far away, as long as you can live a better life.” Instead of crying, she happily sent her two daughters out of the house and watched them get into the wedding car.<br /> <br /> Then Zhao Huijie applied for the registration of the trademark of “Xiaomiaozi Village” and the national project for further processing of vegetables and traditional Chinese medicine in the name of cooperatives and village committees, so as to extend the industrial chain in depth and promote the added value of products. Not only the cultivation of medicinal materials should be vigorously developed, but also the deep processing such as cleaning and packaging need to be carried out. Therefore, the villagers would attain more benefits in the intensive use of land and the pluralistic development of industry.<br /> <br /> But Zhao Huijie did not let up at this. Her mind was full of those extremely poor families which have no labor able to work in the co-op. When it comes to lifting poor families out of poverty, Zhao Huijie seemed like bringing me a big basket of apples. Every time she opens her mouth, she gave me a fragrant story. Judging from her concern of more than 50 poor households in the village, we could see how much effort she has made in poverty alleviation over the years. In the process of the story, she shed tears several times. One of the sentences of her was different and worth writing down. She said that poverty alleviation should first cheer people’s wills and stimulate their motivation, all of which were correct. Besides, she also said that “to help the poor, we should have real feelings and connect each other’s hearts”. There was a shortest woman named Liu Hanzhi in this village, who was only 135 centimeters tall. She came from another village to Xiaomiaozi Village to get married, giving birth to three children with two girls and a son. Unfortunately, her son was maimed by a quack when he was very young. Soon her husband died of a cerebral hemorrhage. The family’s life went from bad to worse. Strong and sensible, Liu Hanzhi said to her two daughters,“Don’t worry about me and your brother. You still have a long way to go. You should go for a good day. It doesn’t matter if you marry far away, as long as you can live a better life.” She happily sent her two daughters out of the house and watched them get into the wedding car.<br /> <br /> ====仇绪 Qiu Xu ====<br /> <br /> 虽然是体力不济，又带着个残疾儿子，但是刘汉芝并没有失去生活的信心。为了生活，她贷款买了两头母猪，搞起了庭院经济 。没想到的是，那年猪仔掉价，母猪又得了病，结果致富不成，反而欠了债，她家的生活雪上加霜，已经到了无以为继的程度。<br /> 赵会杰第一次来到她们家。刘汉芝给赵会杰让了座，端来水，她自己却不坐，站在赵会杰面前，轻轻地一笑，那矮小的身子使她看上去特别像个孩子，然而她脸上那份出奇的平静，说话时那份得体，那份敞亮和坚毅，又显出她的成熟和理性。赵会杰的心里一阵酸楚，眼泪不由溢满了眼眶。赵会杰见过各种各样的贫困户，其中见到干部就叫苦连天，为了多要点补助，一把鼻涕一把泪的大有人在。 <br /> 赵会杰说：“老姐姐，家里现在困难吧，仓房里还有粮食吗？手里还有现钱使吗？”<br /> 刘汉芝回答：“坚持坚持，还能过得去。”<br /> 赵会杰说：“你现在是建档立卡贫困户，政府会帮助你家的。”<br /> 刘汉芝说：“我还是想干点啥，靠自己的手站起来。”<br /> Though being physically weak and burdened with a handicapped son, but Liu Hanzhi didn't lose he faith in life. She bought two sows on loan and managed a yard-business for living. But the unexpected price plunge of piglet and illness of her pigs aggravated her well-being plan to more debt, leading to worse livelihood to fare.<br /> <br /> When Zhao Huijie first visited her home, Liu gave her seat and handed over a cup of tea to him and stood in front of him with a faint smile. Her dwarf body made her look like a child yet the impressive poise and decent talking full of candidness and solitude radiated with maturity and reason.Heart sinking, Zhao's eyes were moist at this sight. He had seen so many poor families, among which most complained about their situation in tears in order to get more subsidies. <br /> &quot;Old sister, you family is hard, do you still get enough grain storage and cash in hand?&quot; asked Zhao.<br /> &quot;I can still manage though with the left.&quot; replied Liu.<br /> &quot;Your family now is the registered poverty-stricken family and will receive the subsidies from the government.&quot; said Zhao.<br /> &quot;But I want to do something to be rich with my own hands.&quot; said Liu.<br /> <br /> Though being physically weak and burdened with a handicapped son, Liu Hanzhi didn't lose her faith in life. She bought two sows on loan and managed a yard-business for living. But the unexpected price plunge of piglets and illness of her pigs aggravated her well-being plan for more debts, leading to worse livelihood to fare.<br /> When Zhao Huijie first visited her home, Liu offered a seat and handed over a cup of tea to her and stood in front of her with a faint smile. Her dwarf body made her look like a child yet the impressive poise and decent talking full of candidness and fortitude radiated her maturity and reason. Heart sinking, Zhao's eyes were moist at this sight. She had seen so many poor families, among which most complained about their situation in tears in order to get more subsidies. &quot;Old sister, you family is hard, do you still get enough grain storage and cash in hand?&quot; asked Zhao. &quot;I can still live though with the left.&quot; replied Liu. &quot;Your family now is the registered poverty-stricken family and will receive the subsidies from the government.&quot; said Zhao. &quot;But I want to do something to be rich with my own hands.&quot; said Liu.<br /> <br /> ====全永慧 Quan Yonghui====<br /> <br /> 也许你的手已经没有了扶自己站起来的力气，但是你的心里有这种力气。赵会杰特别喜欢刘汉芝身上的这股劲。<br /> 她们的身后 ，传来窸窸窣窣的响声，原来是刘汉芝的残疾儿子一直在炕里趴着。他的病十分严重，不能说话，全身除了脑袋思维还正常，右手可以动，其它部位都残疾了。只见他用胸脯蹭着炕慢慢挪动身体，使劲地直起头颅，仰着脸，眼睛盯着赵会杰，一望可知，那是心里蕴积好久的块垒，此时都要通过这双眼睛来述说。<br /> 这一刻，赵会杰心里好像浇了一杯滚烫的酒，瞬间全身的血液都燃烧起来 ，当她伸出手去抚摸这孩子的头，她感觉到自己的手在颤抖。她说好孩子，我明白，我知道，我一定尽所有的力量，帮助你治病，帮助你们家过上好日子。这孩子可能眼泪早就哭干了，他的一双眼睛突然变得通红，但是没有流泪。他那强立起来的头，无力地倒下，他歇了片刻，又奋力把头直立起来，他的眼睛转向自己的母亲，头微微颔动，啊——啊——啊——地发出浑浊的喊声，那声音，来自他的胸腔，拼劲了气力，却是断断续续，非常虚弱。赵会杰懂了，她赶紧说：“孩子，孩子，大姨明白，大姨明白，你妈妈不容易，我一定帮她，照顾她。”<br /> <br /> Maybe your hands were too weak to help you stand up, but inside you was such strength to raise you up. Zhao Huijie really admired her fortitude and courage. <br /> There was a scuffling noise behind them, which turned out to be Liu’s disabled son laying on his stomach on the brick bed. He was seriously ill and couldn’t speak. Except his mind and right hand were normal, all the other parts of his body were disabled. He crawled slowly with his chest against the bed, raising his head as hard as possible and looking up at Zhao. With one look, the bitterness which has lain deeply within him for a long time, was expressed by his eyes. <br /> At this moment, Zhao Huijie felt like a glass of hot wine spilled over in her heart, blood boiling all over her immediately. Reaching out to touch his head, Zhao could feel her hand shaking. “Good boy, I know, I understand, I will try my best to help you treat the illness and help your family live a better life,” she said firmly. At this, the boy’s eyes suddenly turned red, yet no tears in them which may have dried up already. Exhausted, he lowered his painstakingly raised head and took a rest for a while. Then he struggled to raise his head again straining eyes to fellow his mother, his head nodding faintly. “Ah-Ah-Ah-,” he made a muffled sound which he had yelled out at the top of his lungs, still disjointed and feeble to be heard. But Zhao understood it and comforted him immediately, “Good boy, good boy, I know, I totally understand your mom has a difficult time. I will try my best to help her and care for her.”<br /> <br /> Perhaps your hands no longer had the strength to help yourself stand up,but your heart did. Zhao Huijie really admired the fortitude and courage in Liu Hanzhi. There was a scuffling noise behind them, which turned out to be Liu’s disabled son laying on his stomach on the brick bed. His illness was so serious that he cannot speak.His whole body was disabled except for his head,which was still thinking normally. He crawled slowly with his chest against the bed, raising his head as hard as possible and looking up at Zhao. With one look, the bitterness which has lain deeply within him for a long time, was expressed by his eyes. At this moment, Zhao Huijie felt like a glass of hot wine spilled over in her heart, blood boiling all over her immediately. Reaching out to touch his head, Zhao could feel her hand shaking. “Good boy, I know, I understand, I will try my best to help you treat the illness and help your family live a better life,” she said firmly. At this, the boy’s eyes suddenly turned red, yet no tears in them which may have dried up already. Exhausted, he lowered his painstakingly raised head and took a rest for a while. Then he struggled to raise his head again straining eyes to fellow his mother, his head nodding faintly. “Ah-Ah-Ah-,” he made a muffled sound which he had yelled out at the top of his lungs, still disjointed and feeble to be heard. But Zhao understood it and comforted him immediately, “Good boy, good boy, I know, I totally understand your mom has a difficult time. I will try my best to help her and care for her.”<br /> <br /> ====任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====<br /> <br /> 如果没有病，这孩子也是个大小伙子了。如今他日日夜夜看得清楚，日日夜夜在绝望中苦苦期望，疼痛地挣扎着……同为母亲，同为女性，赵会杰此时心如刀割，为眼前这个母亲和她的孩子疼痛；作为一个党员干部，她的心里更是万分焦急，脱贫道路上一个都不能少，自己责无旁贷！<br /> 赵会杰马不停蹄，给刘汉芝家申请到五千元的民政救助金，又申请了扶贫项目资金和扶贫项目贷款，给刘汉芝的病儿子申办了五保，根据政策将他的五保转为待遇更好一些的低保，总共为他们家注入三万元的支持。<br /> 矮小的刘汉芝，个头低于常人，但是她内心的能量却不能低估。赵会杰一有时间就会到她家走走。刘汉芝吸取头一年养猪的经验教训，利用扶贫资金重新开始养猪，她每天起早贪黑，熬猪食，打扫猪圈，给猪洗澡，精心到一丝不苟。别人用大盆端猪食，她端不动，就用小盆一趟趟多跑，打扫猪圈，她用小号的铁锹，干一个上午，也不肯休息。看着她满头的汗水和裤腿上的猪粪，赵会杰觉得自己有了一个可亲可敬又让人心疼的姐姐。<br /> <br /> If there were no disease, this child would also be a big guy. Now, day and night, he struggles in despair,painfully...... As a mother and woman like her, Zhao Huijie feels as if a knife were piercing her heart at this time, for the mother and her child before Zhao’s eyes. As a party member cadre, she is more anxious as no one should be left behind on the road out of poverty. As for this aspect, she feels duty-bound.<br /> Zhao Huijie kept rushing to apply for 5,000 yuan of civil assistance, poverty alleviation project funds and loans for Liu Hanzhi's family. In addition to this, she also made Liu’s family Five Guaranteed people for Liu’s sick son , and according to the policy, she changed his Five Guarantee to subsistence allowances with better treatment, providing a total of 30,000 yuan of support for their family.<br /> The diminutive Liu Hanzhi is shorter than the average person, but her inner energy cannot be underestimated. Zhao Huijie would visit her home whenever she could. Liu Hanzhi learned from the lessons of pig raising in the first year and started again with poverty alleviation funds to raise pigs. She works from dawn to dusk every day, including boiling pig food, cleaning the pens and bathing the pigs, meticulously to the last detail. When others used large pots to feed the pigs, she couldn't do it, so she used a small pot to make more trips, and when she cleaned the pens, she used a small shovel to do it all morning and refused to rest. Looking at the sweat on her head and the pig dung on her trouser legs, Zhao Huijie felt that she had a dear, respectable and heart-wrenching sister.<br /> <br /> <br /> If the child were not affected by the disease, he would become healthy. Now, day and night, he struggles in despair, painfully...... As a mother and woman, Zhao Huijie feels really sorry for the mother and her child before Zhao’s eyes like a knife piercing her heart at this time. As a party member cadre, she is more anxious as no one should be left behind on the road out of poverty. As for this aspect, she feels duty-bound.<br /> Zhao Huijie kept rushing to apply for 5,000 yuan of civil assistance, poverty alleviation project funds and loans for Liu Hanzhi's family. In addition to this, she also made Five Guarantees for Liu’s sick son. According to the policy, she changed his Five Guarantees to subsistence allowances with better treatment, providing a total of 30,000 yuan of support for their family.<br /> The diminutive Liu Hanzhi is shorter than the average person, but her inner energy cannot be underestimated. Zhao Huijie would visit her home whenever she could. Liu Hanzhi learned from the lessons of pig raising in the first year and started over gain with poverty alleviation funds. She works from dawn to dusk every day, including boiling pig food, cleaning the pens and bathing the pigs, meticulously to the last detail. When others used large pots which were too heavy for her to feed the pigs, she chose to take more trips by using a small pot. When she cleaned the pens, she used a small shovel to do it all morning and refused to rest. Looking at the sweat on her head and the pig dung on her trouser legs, Zhao Huijie felt that she had a dear, respectable and heart-wrenching sister.<br /> <br /> ====疏珊 Shu Shan====<br /> <br /> 刘汉芝的猪出栏了，既有小猪仔，又有肉猪，她乐颠颠地告诉赵会杰，除了给儿子买了点药，她没舍得花一分钱，一次性把外债全都还上了。现在，她要再增加一个养鹅项目，她说都是庭院产业，在养猪的同时就顺便打理了。她托人给赵会杰捎来了两只小笨鸡，说是自家养的，别的东西啥也没喂，是吃玉米脐子和谷糠长大的。赵会杰捧着这两只小笨鸡，脑海里浮现的是刘汉芝矮矮的个子，在院子里跑老跑去地喂鸡的情景，她收下了这份沉甸甸的礼物，按照市场的价格，把钱给刘汉芝捎了回去。她知道，一百元钱，在刘汉芝的生活里，不知道要掰成多少瓣儿来花。 <br /> Liu Hanzhi's pigs, big or small, have been slaughtered. She happily told Zhao Huijie that, apart from buying some medicine for her son, she had not spent a penny and had paid off all her debts at once. Now, she wants to add another goose project, which is also a courtyard economy. While raising pigs, she will take care of geese. She sent someone to bring Zhao Huijie two small dump chickens, saying that they were raised by the family. Nothing else was fed, they grew up eating corn cord and bran. Zhao Huijie held the two little chickens. What arises in his mind is short Liu Hanzhi, running around the yard to feed the chickens. She accepted the heavy gift, paying back the money to Liu Hanzhi according to market price. She knew that a hundred yuan would be spent sparingly by Liu Hanzhi.<br /> <br /> Liu Hanzhi's mature pigs, big or small, have been slaughtered. She happily told Zhao Huijie that, apart from buying some medicine for her son, she had not spent a penny and had paid off all her debts at once with money earned by selling pigs. Now, she wants to add another goose project, which is also a courtyard economy. While raising pigs, she will take care of geese. She sent someone to bring Zhao Huijie two small dump chickens, saying that they were raised by the family with nothing but all corn cord and bran. Zhao Huijie held the two little chickens. What arises in his mind is short Liu Hanzhi, running around the yard to feed the chickens. She accepted the heavy gift, paying back the money to Liu Hanzhi according to market price. She knew that a hundred yuan would be spent sparingly by Liu Hanzhi.<br /> <br /> 年底了，刘汉芝又托人捎来了鹅蛋。那满满一大筐鹅蛋，个个饱满硕大，泛着淡淡的光泽，看着就诱人。刘汉芝来了电话，她说：“书记妹子，这是我家病儿子让我捎给她大姨的，让你腌着慢慢吃。要是没有你和村里的帮助，我们娘俩指不定什么样呢，哪有今天的日子……”<br /> <br /> Liu Hanzhi brought in more goose eggs at the end of the year. It was a basket full of big goose eggs, shimmering, which was tempting to look at. Liu Hanzhi called and said, &quot;Secretary, my sick son asked me to bring these to her sister-in-law, so you can pickle them and eat slowly. If not for you and the village's help, we would not have been able to tell what kind of life we would have had today ......&quot;<br /> <br /> Liu Hanzhi brought in more goose eggs at the end of the year. It was a basket full of big goose eggs, shimmering, which was tempting to look at. Liu called and said, &quot;Secretary, my sick son asked me to bring these to her sister-in-law, so you can pickle them and eat slowly. If not for you and the village's help, we would not have been able to tell what kind of life we would have today ......&quot;<br /> <br /> 赵会杰说：“大姐啊，我收下了，我收下了，是我该感谢你，你能让我吃上真正的小时候那种味儿的大鹅蛋，太好了，不过钱你一定收下，给咱家儿子买点需要的东西……”<br /> 现在，刘汉芝一家已经高标准脱贫，据保守估计，人居收入是一万一千多元。当赵会杰再去她们家时，刘汉芝满面春风，带着赵会杰在院子里参观，只见猪肥，鹅壮，院里有充足的饲料，一幅红红火火过日子的画面。当赵会杰走进里屋，就见刘汉芝的儿子已经挪动到炕边上，仰着头等着自己了，见到赵会杰，那病孩子扬起右手，吃力地拍着炕沿。刘汉芝说，这是让大姨坐下呢……。<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie said, &quot;Ms Liu, okay, okay, I'll take it. It is I should thank you because you can let me eat the real home-grown goose eggs. This is great. But you must accept the money for the little boy to buy some things he needs......&quot;<br /> Now, Liu Hanzhi's family has been lifted out of poverty to a high standard, and according to conservative estimates, the per capita income is more than 11,000 yuan. When Zhao Huijie went to their home again, Liu Hanzhi was full of joy. She took Zhao Huijie on a tour of the yard to see that fat pigs, strong geese, and plenty of feed in the yard, presenting a picture of a prosperous life. When Zhao Huijie walked into the house, he saw that Liu Hanzhi's son had moved to the edge of the kang, a beatable brick bed, waiting for him with his head tilted. Liu Hanzhi said, he meant to let the great aunt sit down.......<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie said, &quot;Ms Liu, okay, okay, I'll take it. It is I should thank you because you can let me eat the real home-grown goose eggs. This is great. Please do must accept the money for the little boy to buy some things he needs......&quot; Now, Liu Hanzhi's family has been lifted out of poverty to a high standard, and according to conservative estimates, the per capita income is more than 11,000 yuan. When Zhao Huijie went to their home again, Liu Hanzhi was full of joy. She took Zhao Huijie on a tour of the yard to see that fat pigs, strong geese, and plenty of feed in the yard, presenting a picture of a prosperous life. When Zhao Huijie walked into the house, he saw that Liu Hanzhi's son had moved to the edge of the kang, a beatable brick bed, waiting for him with his head tilted. Liu Hanzhi said, he meant to let the great aunt sit down.......<br /> <br /> ====王芳玲 Wang Fangling====<br /> <br /> 三<br /> <br /> 2018年全国两会，习近平总书记参加内蒙古代表团讨论。赵会杰作为发言代表，向总书记汇报了小庙子村党支部带领群众实现富民强村梦的工作。在赵会杰整个汇报过程中，总书记面带微笑、频频点头。<br /> 总书记中间还几次插话询问：“地是水浇地吗？”赵会杰回答“都是水浇地。”<br /> 总书记问：“通了自来水吗？”赵会杰回答“总书记，村里通了水，也通了电。现在村里正在发展特色产业，带动百姓增收致富”……<br /> 在审议结束时，总书记握着赵会杰的手夸她说得很好。<br /> 赵会杰说：“ 一开始的确紧张，毕竟我没有见过这么大的场面，但是总书记连问几个小问题，那么关心咱们村里的民生小事，说话就像拉家常一样亲切，我就不紧张了，只感觉到特别亲近，特别温暖，于是我发自内心地说，总书记， 村民们的共同心愿，是让我捎句话给您，日子越来越好、风气越来越正、干活越来越有劲！我们由衷感激党、感激国家、感激这个时代。我代表我们小庙子村的全体村民向您发出邀请，请总书记到我们小庙子村看看。”　　<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie, the representative speaker, reported to the President Xi Jinping about the work of the Xiaomiaozi Village Party Branch in leading the masses to realize the dream of enriching the people and strengthening the village during negotiation of Inner Mongolia in the Two Sessions in 2018.During the whole reporting process, the President smiled and nodded frequently. He also interrupted several times, asking: &quot;Is the ground irrigable?&quot; Zhao replied, &quot;It's all irrigable.&quot; The President asked, &quot;Is the tap water available?&quot; Zhao replied, &quot;General Secretary, the village has access to water and electricity. Now the village is developing characteristic industries to drive the people to increase their income and become rich&quot;... At the end of the review, the President held Zhao Huijie's hand and praised her words. Zhao said: &quot;At the beginning, I was really nervous. After all, I had never met a president before. However, the President asked a few small questions. Then he cared about the people's livelihood in our village and talked as kindly as a family, making me less nervous, very close and warm. So I said on behalf of all villagers and from the bottom of my heart, the common wish of the villagers is to make life, social vibe better and better. We sincerely appreciate the Party, the country and the era. On behalf of all the villagers in Xiaomiaozi Village, I would like to extend an invitation to you, and invite the President to visit our village. &quot;<br /> <br /> ====王纪龙 Wang Jilong====<br /> <br /> 这一幕，由于媒体的轮番报道，让赵会杰成了家喻户晓的人物。两会上来自自治区和全国各地的代表们，都向她投来关注的目光，她知道这是值得小庙子人感到无比自豪的事情，更是令自己放开眼界，学习新观念新思路的大好机会。<br /> 赵会杰回到村里，按照总书记的指示，以新思路运作。到了2019年春天，她又怀揣新的成绩单，来到两会——新建一百五十亩设施农业冷棚、两千七百亩膜下滴灌设施；新修五公里半环村路，给村校操场铺上了塑胶跑道；村里建起防渗防漏的垃圾填埋场、民俗博物馆和乡村旅游接待中心；村内公路上一百盏路灯安装完成……<br /> 赵会杰在会上和代表们说起小庙子村第一次被路灯照亮时的情景。她说，那天晚上，自己在政府加班做扶贫档案，回来特别晚，进村的时候看见老百姓们都来到公路旁，坐在路灯下面的城墙垛子上，冲着路灯有说有笑，久久不愿离开。自己老远就看到了密密匝匝的人群，就像落在屋顶上的小家雀一样， 这个情景 ，那么温暖，那么美好，自己一辈子都不会忘记。<br /> <br /> The repeated media coverage of this scene has made Zhao Huijie well-known. At the two sessions, representatives from autonomous regions and all over the country paid close attention to her. She knew that this was something that the people of Xiaomiaozi would be extremely proud of. Meanwhile, it was also a great opportunity for her to broaden her horizons and learn new ideas. After the two sessions, Zhao Huijie returned to the village and carried out work with new ideas according to the instructions of the General Secretary. In the spring of 2019, she came to the NPC and CPPCC with following achievements— new-built 150 mu agricultural cold shed and 2700 mu drip irrigation facility;a new five and a half kilometer road around the village and a plastic runway for the village school playground; a landfill that can prevent seepage and leakage and a folk custom museum and a rural tourism reception center ; one hundred street lamps installed on the roads in the village... Zhao Huijie told the delegates about the scene when Xiaomiaozi Village was first illuminated by street lamps. That night, she worked overtime in the office to do poverty relief archives, and came back very late. When she came to the village, she saw people coming to the road, sitting on the battlements under the street lights, talking and laughing at the street lamps, and unwilling to leave for a long time. The sight of the dense crowd from a long distance, like a flock of sparrows on the roof, was so touching and beautiful that Zhao Huijie would never forget it.<br /> <br /> ====王露 Wang Lu====<br /> <br /> 2019年7月15日，赵会杰终于盼到了这一天，习近平总书记到内蒙古调研，第一站就来到了赤峰市。赵会杰拿出六张小庙子村的照片，向总书记汇报一年半以来小庙子村的新变化，新发展。照片上，中草药种植基地一碧千里，村容村貌崭新整齐，一座新桥将阴河两岸连通，农民热火朝天地在田野里劳动，总书记在两会上关心的垃圾分类和厕所革命项目也有了新的进步。每一张照片，总书记都看得很细，不停询问，还连连称赞小庙子村很美。<br /> 2019年底，赵会杰被提拔为大庙子镇党委副书记，继续兼任小庙子村的党总支书记。经过十年村党支部书记到全国人大代表的历练，她的舞台在扩大，内心的格局也在扩大。她的目光从小庙子的崭新天地，展望中国农村的前景，她说绿水青山就是金山银山，也是我们脱贫致富的靠山，新时代的农民必须思考人类如何与自然和谐共存的大问题，才能走向更高层次的文明。<br /> 请看：《关于启用民间资本助力乡村振兴的建议》、《关于在北方地区推广免水冲式生物发酵技术厕所的建议》，从这两个赵会杰向两会提出的代表建议中，我们发现，这个立于时代潮头的村党支部书记正在以现代的科学理念，超前的未来眼光，带领自己的村庄走向理想中的新世界。<br /> 嚼钢咬铁，急马快枪，一个永不服输的女共产党员依然在冲锋——我们的赵会杰永不言败！　 <br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie was looking forward President Xi’s coming. And on the 15th of July 2019, the days came. The first station for President Xi’ research in Inner Mongolia was Chifeng city. Zhao took out six photos to report to President Xi the new changes and development of Xiaomiaozi Village in the past one and a half years. These photos shew the green Chinese herbal medicine planting base, the neat new cottages, a new bridge which connected both sides of Yin River and farmers working in the farms intensely. There was also progress in waste sorting and toilet revolution which President Xi emphasized in Two Sessions. President Xi looked at every picture in extreme details, keeping enquiring and praising the beauty of the village. At the end of 2019, Zhao Huijie was promoted to Deputy Secretary of Party Committee of Damiaozi Town, and also served as Secretary of Xiaomiaozi Village Party General Branch. After ten-year experience from being the party secretary of the village to be a NPC member, Zhao had a bigger stage as well as broader perspectives. She was looking forward to the future of Chinese rural areas through Xiaomiaozi Village’s rejuvenation. She said lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, as well as the backup for poverty alleviation. To advance toward a higher-level civilization, it’s necessary for the farmers in the new era to consider the way to harmonious coexistence between human and nature. Please refer to “the Suggestion about using private capital to help rural revitalization” and “the Suggestion about promoting water-free flushing toilets with biological fermentation technology in the north of China”. According to the two suggestions reported by Zhao Huijie, we found that this party secretary of the village, leading the trend of the times, was leading her village to an ideal new world with modern scientific ideas and futuristic vision. As a female member of CPC, Zhao was resolute and unyielding, charging forward—she would never say never.<br /> <br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie was looking forward President Xi’s coming, and on the 15th of July 2019, the day came. The first station of President Xi's visit in Inner Mongolia was Chifeng city. Zhao took out six photos to report to President Xi the new changes and development of Xiaomiaozi Village in the past one and a half years. These photos showed the green planting base with Chinese herbal medicine all over, the neat new cottages, and a new bridge connecting both sides of Yin River, as well as farmers working in the farms intensely. There were also breakthroughs in waste sorting and toilet revolution which President Xi emphasized in Two Sessions. President Xi looked at every picture in extreme details, keeping enquiring and praising the beauty of the village. <br /> At the end of 2019, Zhao Huijie was promoted to Deputy Secretary of Party Committee of Damiaozi Town, and in the meantime served as Secretary of Xiaomiaozi Village Party General Branch. After ten years of experience from the village party branch secretary to the National People's Congress representative, Zhao was in a greater stage and bigger thingking pattern. She started to look forward to the future of Chinese rural areas through Xiaomiaozi Village’s rejuvenation, and believed that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, as well as the backup for poverty alleviation. To advance toward a higher-level civilization, it’s necessary for the farmers in the new era to learn how to be in well harmony with nature. <br /> Please refer to &quot;Suggestions on Using Private Capital to Help Rural Revitalization&quot; and &quot;Suggestions on Promoting Water-free Biofermentation Technology Toilets in Northern Regions&quot;. According to the two suggestions reported by Zhao Huijie, we found that as the party secretary of the village,she was standing in the trend of the times and leading her village to an ideal world with modern scientific ideas and advanced vision. As a female member of CPC, Zhao was resolute and unyielding, forging ahead—she would never say never.<br /> <br /> ====王琪 Wang Qi====<br /> <br /> 赵光明主任的这三年 <br /> The three years of Manager Zhao Guangming<br /> <br /> 在去林西的路上，杨明霞反复向我介绍林西县扶贫办主任赵光明，见到赵光明，果然和她的描述对上了号，个子不高，身材精悍，气色红润， 说话中气十足，走路精神抖擞，他带领我们在林西大地上穿行，介绍林西的扶贫工作，带我们参观设施农业、梯田果园，陪我入户采访、与乡镇、村干部交流，使我充实地度过了两天的采访。思维敏捷，滔滔不绝，对工作有些痴狂，对土地一往情深，这是他给我的第一印象。 <br /> On the way to Linxi, Yang Mingxia repeatedly introduced Zhao Guangming to me, the manager of Linxi County Poverty Alleviation Office, and when I saw Zhao Guangming, all Yang's description were matched. He was not tall but strong, with a rosy complexion and a loud voice, and always walked in high spirits. He led us through the land of Linxi, introduced Linxi's poverty alleviation work, took us to visit facility agriculture and terraced orchards, accompanied me to interview villagers and communicated with township and village cadres, all of which composed two fulfilling days of interviews for me. His quick thinking, eloquence, a bit craziness about his work and deep love for the land were the first impressions to me.<br /> <br /> 2017年11月29日的深夜十一点，寒冷的北方大地昼夜温差愈发加大，气温零下二十度不止，风嗖嗖的，像小刀片割着人们的脸，间或，有几片零星的雪花，急促地掠过。在林西县入口的公路一边，一行人在等待一个车队的到来，为首的就是赵光明。严寒里，赵光明的眼镜一会儿一层霜，不知道已经放在衣襟里暖过了多少次，擦了多少遍。实在太冷了，他们一边跺着脚，搓着手，一边不停地向远方眺望。远方的客人你是谁，风雪夜归的人你是谁。让赵光明和他的部下们如此翘首以盼。<br /> At eleven o'clock in the late night of November 29, 2017, thermal difference between day and night in the cold northern land got greater, accompanied by the freezing temperature less than minus 20 degrees and gusts of cold wind scratching people's faces like a small blade, as well as a few scattered snowflakes rushing by occasionally. On the side of the road at the entrance of Linxi County, a group of people were waiting for a fleet, led by Zhao Guangming. In the bitter cold, Zhao Guangming's glasses were frosted soon, no matter how often he put his glasses into clothes or wiped them. It was so cold that they stomped their feet and rubbed their hands while constantly overlooking the distance. Who are you my guest from afar, and who are you that returns at the stormy night. All this made Zhao Guangming and his subordinates look forward to so eagerly.<br /> <br /> ====汪世博 Wang Shibo====<br /> <br /> 终于，黑暗的远方，呈现了一串萤火虫般的光亮，继而越来越亮了，直至照到了他们的身边，车队没停，赵光明随即走近，大喊着，怎么样，有没有异常？<br /> 驾驶室里传来回音，中。赤峰话，意思是合适、没有问题、妥。<br /> 赵光明一身的寒冷瞬间驱散了，一颗在风中晃荡许久的心稳当了。他高高地一挥手，按捺不住的兴奋都充溢在那振臂一呼中：“走，让宝贝们进家！”<br /> 在场的人们无疑很理解赵光明此时的心情——他真是高兴，非常的高兴，大家也同样高兴。<br /> 咱们长话短说。<br /> <br /> At last, the darkness was far away, showing a string of firefly-like light, then brighter and brighter, until it shone to their side, the convoy did not stop, Zhao Guangming then approached, shouting, how is it, any abnormalities? <br /> From the cab came an echo, &quot; Zhong&quot;. In Chifeng dialect, it means suitable, no problem, OKay. <br /> Zhao Guangming's coldness was instantly dispelled and his heart, which had been wavering in the wind for a long time, was stabilized. He waved his hand high in the air, his uncontrollable excitement all overflowing in that arm-raising cry, &quot;Let's go, let the babies into the house!&quot; <br /> The people present did understand what Zhao Guangming was feeling at this time - he was really happy, very happy, and so was everyone else.<br /> Let's make a long story short.<br /> <br /> Finally, from the far distance shrouded in darkness rised a string of light spots like a row of fireflies. These light spots were turning brighter and brighter and illuminated the waiting people as they approached. The fleet of vehecles didn't stop, so Zhao Guangming went to a truck and asked loudly, <br /> &quot;How are things going? Anything happened?&quot;<br /> &quot;Zhong!&quot; the driver's voice wafted from the cab, which means &quot;pretty well&quot; , &quot;no problem&quot; or &quot;good&quot; in Chifeng dialect. <br /> Hearing the answer, Zhao felt his frozen body immediately warmed up and feelings of uncertainty seemingly gone with the wind. He lifted his arm high and gave a cheerful wave in great excitement,<br /> &quot;Come on! Let's welcome those precious little things to our home!&quot;<br /> Of course, everyone else here understood how he felt now. Zhao was absolutely delighted, very, very delighted; and so were others. Let's have a quick look at the story.<br /> <br /> ====王雅姝 Wang Yashu====<br /> <br /> 赵光明本是学医出身，主攻计划生育临床技术，毕业后就被分配到县计划生育服务站工作，当年主刀做过计生范畴内的手术，他的理想，就是钻研下去，做一个在业务上有成就的专家。没想到，某天组织上一个令，就把他提拔成了办公室主任。领导上认为赵光明这个同志除了善于钻研业务 ，还善于带动大家做事情，应该让他练练，把潜质变成实绩。于是将赵光明放到了机关的枢纽位置上，由静到动，赵光明很短的时间就适应了。由此，赵光明完全转行，而后被认可为优秀后备干部，不断地换岗——从计生局办公室主任到乡镇政府副乡长，再回计生局当副局长，然后又到乡镇当人大主席，不久又调回县里，任政务服务中心主任。<br /> <br /> Zhao Guangming used to be a medical student who focused on clinical techniques relevant to birth control. After graduation, he was assigned to the family planning service station of Linxi County and carried out operations for birth control. At that time, he dreamed about advancing in his profession and becoming an accomplished expert. He didn't expect to be elevated as Chief of the Office, which was decided by the leadership who credited him with the ability to inspire others besides his good performance in job. They believed that Zhao should be given a chance to learn so that his potential can be fulfilled. Therefore, Zhao came to the core position of the bureau, and accepted the shift of his duty—from a doctor to a cadre—very soon. From then on, his career path has completely changed. He was approved as an excellent cadre for replacement, and went through different positions, from Chief of the Family Planning Bureau Office, to the deputy mayor of a town, back to the Family Planning Bureau as Deputy Director, then to the President of People's Congress at town level, and to the director of the county's Administrative Service Center shortly after that.<br /> <br /> Zhao Guangming used to be a medical student who focused on clinical techniques relevant to birth control. After graduation, he was assigned to the family planning service station of Linxi County and carried out operations for birth control. At that time, he dreamed about advancing in his profession and becoming an accomplished expert. It never occurred to him that one say an order from the organization would elevate him to chief of staff. The leader credited him with the ability to inspire others besides his good performance in job. They believed that Zhao should be given a chance to learn so that his potential can be fulfilled. Therefore, Zhao came to the core position of the bureau, and accepted the shift of his duty—from a doctor to a cadre—very soon. From then on, his career path has completely changed.Zhao Guangming completely changed his career, and was recognized as an excellent reserve cadre. He constantly changed his post - from the office director of the Family Planning Bureau to the deputy head of the township government, back to the Family Planning Bureau as the deputy director, then to the township as the chairman of the National People's Congress, and soon returned to the county as the director of the government service center.( Wang Zhibi)<br /> <br /> ====王植碧 Wang Zhibi====<br /> <br /> 谈论起干部，人们常常使用万金油这个词，与众不同的是，在林西县县委田向存书记的字典里，万金油是个褒义词，就是放到哪里就在哪里闪闪发光、放到哪里都给力加油的意思。赵光明就是干一行爱一行的那种到处闪光的万金油干部。县政务服务中心主任是个什么活儿，多么劳累，多么闹心烧脑，这里不必细说。赵光明果然又干得不错，广受好评。可是，他突然生病了，由于忙，赵光明发现自己身体不适的时候，肝部腺瘤影像显示已经非常明显， 学医出身的赵光明面对这种情况，心里有两个预估，第一个是认为自己在四十多岁的年纪长这个东西，恶性的可能性很大，另一个预估是，他感觉自己的病不是什么大不了的事情，出于对自己身体状况的全面了解，对医学的信任，对自我把握身体的信心，他毫无惧色，做完手术之后，很快重返工作岗位。<br /> 人们没有发现他的异常，只是有点奇怪，赵主任为啥十几天不见，你出差了？你进修去了？<br /> 赵光明说也算是进修了两周吧。<br /> <br /> When it comes to government official, people always use the words “all-purpose oil”. however, in the dictionary of Secretary Tian Xiangcun of Linxi County Party Committee, all-purpose oil is a commendatory word, which means to shine wherever you go. Zhao Guangming is a kind of shining all-in-one cadre who does everything he likes. What kind of work is the director of the county government affairs service center? How tired, how worried and brain burning? There is no need to elaborate here. Zhao Guangming, of course, did a good job and was widely praised. However, he suddenly fell ill. Due to his busy schedule, when Zhao Guangming found himself unwell, the image of liver adenoma was very obvious. Facing this situation, Zhao Guangming, a medical student, had two predictions. The first one was that he thought his rumor was most likely malignant when he was in his forties, Out of a comprehensive understanding of his physical condition, his trust in medicine and his confidence in self control of his body, he showed no fear and returned to work soon after the operation. People didn't find anything unusual about him, but it was a little strange. Why did Director Zhao not see him for more than ten days? Did you go on a business trip? Did you go to study? Zhao Guangming said that he had studied for two weeks.<br /> <br /> When it comes to government officials, people always use the word &quot;all-purpose oil&quot;. However, in the dictionary of Secretary Tian Xiangcun of Linxi County Party Committee, &quot;all-purpose oil&quot; is a commendatory word, which means to be shiny and awesome wherever you go. Zhao Guangming is the kind of cadre who loves everything he does and shines everywhere. What kind of work does the director of the county government affairs service center do? How tiring, worrying, and brain-burning is the job? There is no need to elaborate here. Zhao Guangming, of course, did a good job again and was widely praised. However, he suddenly fell ill. Due to his busy schedule, when Zhao Guangming found himself unwell, the image of his liver adenoma was very obvious. Facing this situation, Zhao Guangming, a medical student, had two predictions. The first one was that he thought his rumor was most likely malignant as he was in his forties. Another prediction was that he felt that his illness was not a big deal. Out of the comprehensive understanding of his physical condition, his trust in medicine, and his confidence in the self-control of his body, he showed no fear and returned to work soon after the operation. People didn't find anything unusual about him but felt a little strange. Why didn't they see Director Zhao for more than ten days? Did he go on a business trip or go to study? Zhao Guangming said that he had studied for two weeks vicariously.（Wang Zhiling）<br /> <br /> ====王智灵 Wang Zhiling====<br /> <br /> 七零后的赵光明，得了这样一场大病，的确好好地品读了一次人生。他凝视了死亡，体验到了无奈，最终找到了光明。生命是脆弱的，一个人的内心却可以让生命变得坚强。<br /> 赵光明的自我调整开始了。手术后，医生给他开了很多药，赵光明服用后，发现身体无力，嘴里出现溃疡，他想了想，就果断把药停了。继而，他开始每天快速走路锻炼，不论飞雨飘雪，每天坚持五公里，从未间断，渐渐地，他的身体强壮起来了，心里便把有病的事儿给忘了，每年复查，结果甚好。<br /> 2016年，领导说，让你出来做点事儿怎么样？<br /> 啥事？<br /> 目前脱贫攻坚到了关键时刻，按计划林西县要在2018年实现摘掉国家级贫困县帽子，需要有人担起扶贫办主任这个重担。<br /> 赵光明觉得自己做这个工作有一定基础。计生工作当初也是全党动员，全民参与，规范化建设，现下的扶贫工作更是如此，不同之处是扶贫办的工作面更宽了，要在党和政府的领导下，去联合协调全社会诸多方面，这一点，自己在政务中心的工作中也积累下一些经验，应该能干。<br /> 领导关心地说，身体能吃的消吗——说句后话，也就是田向存这样的有魄力县委书记敢于提出这样的人选。<br /> <br /> Zhao Guangming, who was born in the 1980s, suffered from such a serious illness, which made him carefully taste his life. He stared at death, experienced hopelessness, and finally found light. Life is fragile but a person’s heart can make his life strong. <br /> Zhao Guangming’s self-adjustment began. After the operation, the doctor prescribed a lot of medicine to him. After taking the medicine, Zhao Guangming found his body fatigued and his mouth ulcerated. He thought it over and decided to stop the medicine. Then, his daily fast walking exercise began. Regardless of the rain or snow, he insisted on walking five kilometers every day without interruption. Gradually, his body became stronger, and he forgot about his illness. He rechecked his physical condition every year, and the result is very desirable. <br /> In 2016, his leader asked him, how about coming out to do something? <br /> “What’s the matter?” <br /> “At present, poverty alleviation has reached a critical moment. According to the plan, Linxi County will be removed from the national poverty-stricken county in 2018, and someone needs to take up the heavy responsibility of the director of the Poverty Alleviation Office.” <br /> Zhao Guangming felt that he had a certain foundation to do this work. In the beginning, family planning work was mobilized by the whole party, with the participation of the whole people, and with standardized construction. The current poverty alleviation work is even more so. The difference is that the work scope of the poverty alleviation office is wider, and it is necessary to jointly coordinate many aspects of the whole society under the leadership of the party and the government. In this regard, he has accumulated some experience in the work of the government affairs center, so he should be able to do it. <br /> The leader asked with concern, is his body able to work? After all, it is the courageous county party secretary like Tian Xiangcun who dared to propose such a candidate.<br /> <br /> Zhao Guangming, born in the 1970s, got such a serious disease, which means he did properly experience life for once. He stared at death, experienced helplessness, and eventually found the light of hope. Life is fragile, but a person's heart can make life stronger. Zhao Guangming thus began his self-adjustment. After the operation, the doctor gave him a lot of medicine. After taking these medicine, Zhao Guangming’s body became weaker and he found ulcer in his mouth. He had a change in his mind and decided to stop taking the medicine immediately. Then he began to do brisk walk every day for five kilometers as the way of exercise, no matter in rain or snow conditions. Gradually, his body got stronger, and he completely forget about the sickness. Since then, in the medical reviews every year, the results were quite good. In 2016, the leader said to him, “how about you come out and do something?” “About what?” “The fight against poverty has come to a critical juncture. As planned, Linxi County will be removed as a state-level poverty-stricken county by 2018, so someone needs to take on the responsibility of director of the Poverty Alleviation Office.” Zhao Guangming felt that he had a certain basis for doing this job. In the past, the whole Party was mobilized and the whole people participated in the standardized construction of the work of family planning, and the work of poverty alleviation is even more so now. What’s different is that the poverty relief office has a wider scope of work. Under the leadership of the Party and the government, it has to coordinate various aspects of the whole society. In this point, Zhao have accumulated some experience in the work of the government affairs center, and he should be able to do it. The leader asked him with care, “Can your body endure?” With hindsight, it is such a bold county Party secretary like Tian Xiangcun who dare to put forward such a candidate.<br /> <br /> ====吴博涵 Wu Bohan====<br /> <br /> 赵光明起身一站，让领导看到了自己坚持锻炼的成果。<br /> 领导放心了，赵光明的妻子可担心得够呛。她说，赵光明同志，人们都说身体是革命的本钱，咱可不敢逞强好胜，不然……<br /> 赵光明递过来一摞医用书籍，说，我对自己的身体研究得明明白白，本钱没有丢，挡不住还增多了点。 <br /> <br /> Zhao Guangming stood up and let his superior see the results of his exercise. Though the senior was relieved, Zhao Guangming's wife worried so much. She said, Comrade Zhao Guangming, “people all believe that the body is the capital of revolution, we cannot afford to go beyond our limits, otherwise...” Zhao Guangming handed over a pile of medical books and said, “I’ve studied my own body very well. The physical foundation is still there, and it has even increased for a bit.”<br /> <br /> Zhao Guangming stood up and showed his senior the results of his exercise. Though the senior was relieved, Zhao Guangming’s wife worried so much. She said, “Comrade Zhao Guangming, people all believe that health is better than wealth, we cannot afford to go beyond our limits, otherwise...” Zhao Guangming handed over a pile of medical books and said, “I know my own body very well. I’m still of strong constitution, and even better.” <br /> <br /> 妻子说：“我有一个条件，你得答应。”<br /> “啥条件？”<br /> “每天按时下班，按时回家吃饭，我知道什么饭你爱吃啥，啥对你身体有利。”<br /> “这不可能，答应了也办不到。”<br /> 妻子无语，便退一步：“那你保证双休日在家休息，不可熬夜”。<br /> 赵光明的回答很实在：“第一条还是答应了也做不到，第二条答应你。”<br /> <br /> His wife said, “I have one condition that you must agree.” “What is it?” “Get off work and go home to have dinner at the fixed time every day. I know what kind of food you love to eat and what is good for your body.” “It’s impossible to do, even if I give you a promise.” His wife was speechless and took a small compromise: “You should at least promise to be at home for a rest on weekends and not to stay up late.” Zhao Guangming gave a honest answer: “The first one is still impossible even if I promise you. The second one, though, you can have my word.” <br /> <br /> His wife said, “On one condition.” “What is it?” “Get off work and go home to have dinner at a reasonable hour every day. I know what you love to eat and what is good for your body.” “It’s impossible, even if I give you a promise.” Getting choked on his words, his wife made a compromise, “You should at least promise to be at home for a rest on weekends and not to stay up late.” Zhao Guangming gave an honest answer, “The first one is still impossible even if I promise you. But the second one, you can have my word.” <br /> <br /> 赵光明就这样走马上任了。“扶贫开发工作是党组织赋予的一项光荣而艰巨的政治任务，作为一名党员干部，要不负组织重托和群众期盼。要扑下身子、放下架子，自觉与群众打成一片，在精准扶贫工作上不等不靠，务求实效”。赵光明上任之后，始终没有忘记县委书记田向存对他的一番叮嘱。<br /> <br /> Zhao Guangming just took office anyway. “The work of poverty alleviation and development is a glorious and arduous political task entrusted by the Party. As a Party member and cadre, I must live up to the great trust placed by the Party and the expectations of the people. We need to put our focus on the grass-roots level and keep our humbleness, and strive to blend with the mass. We need to work on targeted poverty alleviation to achieve real results, without any hesitation or dependence.” After Zhao Guangming assumed office, he did not forget the county’s Party secretary Tian Xiangcun’s advice to him.<br /> <br /> Zhao Guangming just took office anyway. “The work of poverty alleviation and development is a glorious and arduous political task entrusted by the Party. As a Party member and cadre, I must live up to the great trust of the Party and the expectations of the people. We need to focus on the grassroots level, get off our high horses, and become one with the masses. We need to work on targeted poverty alleviation in an independent and pragmatic way, without any delays.” After taking office, Zhao Guangming always kept the secretary of the CPC (Communist Party of China) Linxi County Committee Tian Xiangcun’s advice in his mind.<br /> <br /> ====伍超穎 Wu Chaoying====<br /> <br /> 他首先改变自己的观念。扶贫办不是具体的办事机构，更多的是要动员全社会都来参与扶贫攻坚这项伟大的工程。<br /> <br /> He first changed his mind. The poverty alleviation office was not for specific work but preferred to mobilize the whole society to participate in the great project of poverty alleviation. <br /> <br /> 因而，赵光明把宣传党和政府的扶贫政策、宣传本地扶贫攻坚的实际成果，作为开局第一要务。他要让全县老百姓都了解、理解这次扶贫攻坚对于他们意味着什么，让他们知道这次人类历史上开天辟地的壮举，就在自己的生活中，每个人都有权利和机会参与，并因此获得幸福，同时他要让老百姓知道，幸福的生活是奋斗出来的。通过一系列的努力，报纸、电视、手机、宣传栏以致发送到每个家庭里的通知告示、走门串户的扶贫干部的口传心授，林西的大地仿佛被春雨荡涤了一遍，一个全社会大扶贫、家家谋致富的氛围形成了， 在林西农村，哪个村富裕了，周边的老百姓就开着车到哪个村去看，看来看去，自己就行动起来了。<br /> <br /> Therefore, Zhao Guangming made it his priority to publicize the CPC (Communist Party of China) and government’s policies and the actual results of local efforts on poverty alleviation. He wanted everyone in the county to know and understand what this poverty alleviation battle meant to them, so that they would know that this groundbreaking feat in human history was just in their own lives and that everyone had the right and opportunity to participate and then achieve happiness. And he wanted them to know that effort was the gist of gaining happiness. Through a series of efforts, including newspapers, TV, cell phones, bulletin boards, and even notices sent to each family, as well as the word of mouth of poverty alleviation cadres who went door to door, the land of Linxi seemed to be cleansed by the spring rain, for an enabling environment was created where the whole society participated in the poverty alleviation and each family strived to get rich. In the rural areas of Linxi, if any village was rich, the nearby people would drive to the village to see. Influenced by what they had seen and heard, they would act on their own. <br /> <br /> 然后，赵光明大刀阔斧，开始了扶贫办机构的大调整，将职责笼统模糊的部门，化整为零，变成十个股，清晰明确了每一个人的职责，人人身上背负了指标，工作任务日清日结，很快机关内部呈现出了人人全力以赴的局面。<br /> <br /> Then, Zhao Guangming made bold decisions to restructure the poverty alleviation office. He turned the departments with general and vague responsibilities into ten units, and clearly defined the responsibilities of each person. And so, everyone had their own work targets and work tasks were cleared daily, gradually showing a situation where everyone spared no efforts in the office.<br /> <br /> ====吴敏 Wu Min====<br /> <br /> 为了实实在在做点事，也为了彻底研究一下扶贫政策怎样精准实施，赵光明自己主动承包了全县最贫穷的樱桃沟村。这个村没有水浇地，全是坡地，种植条件非常不好，过去靠人工种玉米、散养肉羊为主导，没有任何产业。赵光明首先带领这个村的两委班子，到全市的脱贫先进村参观，看人家是什么思路，然后让他们带领村民去干，自己负责出点子，协调实施易地搬迁，联系相关部门和企业，很快，樱桃沟村修成两千五百亩梯田，梯田上了滴灌，栽种上了123野果，每亩四十八棵到五十二棵，每棵树可以产生效益一百元，又改在山坡地上种甜菜，甜菜抗旱保收，经济效益令人欣喜，接着完成了贫困户低保全覆盖，还通过成立养羊合作社，盖棚圈，引进畜牧生产科技指导员等方式，既改变了散养羊群破坏生态的弊端，又让村民的养殖业得到发展，收益大增。<br /> In order to do something realistic and meaningful， and also to thoroughly study how to implement poverty alleviation policies accurately, Zhao Guangming took the initiative to contract the poorest village in the county, Cherry Gou village . This village had no irritable land but all sloping land, and the planting conditions were very poor . In the past, it primarily lived on artificial planting corn, free-range mutton sheep without any industries . First of all, Zhao Guangming led the two committee members of this village to visit the advanced poverty alleviation villages in the city to see what ideas others had, and then asked them to lead the villagers to do it. They were responsible for coming up with ideas, coordinating the implementation of relocation, and contacting relevant departments and enterprises. Soon, the village of Cherry Gou was repaired into 2,500 mu of terraces, the terraces were drip irrigated and planted with 123 kinds of wild fruit, forty-eight to fifty-two trees per mu, and each tree could generate 100 yuan in benefits, and then the sugar beets can be planted on the hillside. It can resist drought and ensure harvest, and the economic benefits were gratifying. Moreover, followed by the completion of full coverage of low income insurance for poor households, and the establishment of sheep-raising cooperatives, the building of sheds and the introduction of scientific and technical instructors in animal production, which not only changed the ecological disadvantages of free-range sheep farming, but also allowed the villagers to develop their farming industry and greatly increased their income.<br /> <br /> ====伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli====<br /> <br /> 所有的星期五晚上和周六、周日，都成了赵光明的工作时间。他对自己说，焦裕禄不是说过吗，吃别人嚼过的馍没有味道。作为扶贫办主任，第一手资料，比什么都重要。做了多年计生工作，他还有一个优势，那就是熟悉林西的每一寸土地。现在，他又来了，自己开着车，带着一暖壶水，累了就在车里眯一会，饿了，走到哪里都有小店……全县一百零三个行政村，六百四十五个自然村，他走了不止一遍，一些情况特殊的村子，一些重点贫困户家，他去过四次。赵光明为了在调研中更好更准地掌握第一手资料，他采用深入浅出的方式，通过走村入户发放征求意见表、个别访谈、召开座谈会等，在谈笑风生中和群众打成一片，与群众零距离交流，准确把握贫困群众的贫困现状和当地潜在的资源优势。在充分了解掌握县情民意的基础上，召开各层次人员会议，集思广益，针对贫困群众反映强烈的问题，制定工作规划和年度发展计划，理清工作思路，确立工作目标。杨明霞告诉我，林西的干部们就是能够做到这一点——哪个贫困户家房上掉了一块瓦，他马上就知道。<br /> <br /> All Friday nights and Saturdays and Sundays became Zhao Guangming's working hours. He said to himself, Jiao Yulu once said that eating the steamed bun chewed by others has no taste. As the director of the poverty relief Office, first-hand information is more important than anything else. Having worked on family planning for many years, he has the advantage of knowing every inch of Linxi. Now he's at it again. Drive a car by yourself, with a warm pot of water, tired in the car for a nap. It doesn't matter if you are hungry because there are small shops everywhere... There are 103 administrative villages and 645 natural villages in the county, and he has been here many times. He visited some villages with special conditions and some key poverty-stricken households four times. Zhao Guangming in order to better, more accurate grasp of first-hand information in the research, he used a simple way, through the village door issue for sheet, interviews, held seminars, etc., in the laughing and become one people with the zero distance communication, accurately grasp the poverty of the poor masses present situation and the local potential resource advantage. On the basis of fully understanding the local situation and public opinion, staff meetings at all levels will be held to brainstorm ideas. We will formulate work plans and annual development plans to clarify work ideas and set goals in response to problems strongly expressed by the poor. Yang Mingxia told me that Linxi's cadres were able to do just that -- they could immediately tell which poor household had lost a tile.<br /> <br /> Zhao Guangming devoted all his Friday nights, Saturdays and Sundays to working. He said to himself that Jiao Yulu once said the steamed bun chewed by others has no taste. To the director of the Poverty Relief Office, first-hand information is more important than anything else. Having worked on family planning for many years, he has another advantage: familiar with every inch of Linxi. Now he's coming again. Driving a car by yourself, bringing a pot of warm water, on his way, he would take a nap when he was tired and dine at any a restaurant at the roadside when he was hungry. Totally the 103 administrative villages and 645 natural villages in the county has been visited more than once by him and for some villages with special conditions and critically poverty-stricken households, he has even visited for four times. In order to attain the first-hand information from investigation in a much better and accurate way, he adopted simple but profound approaches such as collecting feedbacks from each household in the village, holding interviews or seminars, etc to accurately know the present situation of the destitute families as well as the local potential resource edge. Based on a full understanding of the local situation and public opinion, personnel at all levels will be convened to brainstorm ideas and formulate work plans and yearly developing plans, get clear the work ideas and set goals in response to problems strongly expressed by the poor. Yang Mingxia told me that the officials in Xi Lin were able to do that -- they would be almost the first to know any information from the poor household, even those as trivial as a tile falling from the house of a poverty-stricken family.<br /> <br /> ====席书涵 Xi Shuhan====<br /> <br /> 林西县面积三千九百平方公里，地处内蒙古高原东部边缘，境内河谷、中低山、丘陵相间出现，地形复杂。这里旱灾频发，有“三年两头旱，五年有三旱，十年九春旱”之说。属于典型的老、少、边、穷地区，原本是蒙古巴林部的游牧草原，1908年（清光绪三十四年），清廷准奏，将原定的“巴西县”改为“林西县”，移入农耕百姓，硬是在本不适合种庄稼的草原上开荒种地，此乃当地贫穷老根。 <br /> 赵光明说，林西县最大的劣势就是水浇地少，人均不足两亩，上世纪八十年代林西就是全国计划生育红旗县，现在看，双女结扎户有四千五百二十三户，独生子家庭一万五千户（由于孙子进城带走了父母，留下的爷爷奶奶就成了事实上的孤寡老人），他统计了一下，林西现有六十岁以上老龄人口有五万以上，占总人口的21.7％，大部分的贫困特困户出自这个群体。很快，赵光明向县委县政府提交了自己关于进一步开拓脱贫攻坚工程的整体模式：党建引领，园区带动，以企带村，以社带户，金融全覆盖。经过认真研究，这个思路得以实施。<br /> <br /> Lin Xi County, located on the eastern edge of the inner Mongolia Plateau, covers an area of 3,900 square kilometers and boasts a varied topography where there are interspersed with valleys, mountains of low and meddle sizes and hills. Long plagued by droughts, here is such a saying going around, every three years suffer from two droughts, every five years three droughts and every ten years nine. It is typically a combination of old revolutionary base area, ethics minority autonomous area, border area and poverty-stricken area. In time before, it was the nomadic grassland of the Mongolian Ba Lin tribe, which was later approved by Qing authority to change its name from former Ba Xi County into Lin Xi County in 1908 (the thirty-fourth year under the reign of Emperor Guang Xv in Qing dynasty). Later on, people who lived on farming flowed in, reclaimed and farmed on the grassland that were radically not suitable for crop plantation by force, which formed the crux of its destitution. The largest backside of Xi Lin lied in the scarcity of irrigated land and the per capital farm land is under two Mu. In the 1980s, Lin Xi was the modal county of family planning policy. At present, the number of families with two daughters who have ligated reached 4,523 and the number of families with the only child totaled 15,000. (When their grandsons migrated to city with their parents, the grandparents left behind in fact became lonely old people receiving no care from their families.), said Zhao Guangming. According to his calculation, the aging population with an age of over sixty years old in Xi Lin exceeded 50,000, which accounts 21.7% for the total population and constituted the major part of poverty-stricken and dire destitute households. In no time, Zhao Gunagming submitted his draft of overall model fort further developing poverty alleviation project to the county party committee and the local government, which includes the following aspects: Follow the guidance of the party and give full play to the leading role of the industrial parks, promote the development of villages and households by invigorating enterprises and community and achieve the full financial service coverage. After conscientious deliberation, this idea was put into practice.<br /> <br /> Correction:<br /> Lin Xi County, located on the eastern edge of the inner Mongolia Plateau, covers an area of 3,900 square kilometers and boasts a diversified topography where there are interspersed with valleys, mountains of low and middle sizes and hills. Long plagued by droughts, here is such a saying going around, every three years suffer from two droughts, every five years three droughts and every ten years nine. It is typically a combination of old revolutionary base area, ethics minority autonomous area, border area and poverty-stricken area. In time before, it was the nomadic grassland of the Mongolian Ba Lin tribe, which was later approved by Qing authority to change its name from former Ba Xi County into Lin Xi County in 1908 (the thirty-fourth year under the reign of Emperor Guang Xv in Qing dynasty). Later on, people who lived on farming flowed in, reclaimed and farmed on the grassland that were radically not suitable for crop plantation by force, which formed the crux of its destitution. The largest backside of Xi Lin lied in the scarcity of irrigated land and the per capital farm land is under two Mu. In the 1980s, Lin Xi was the modal county of family planning policy. At present, the number of families with two daughters who have ligated reached 4,523 and the number of families with the only child totaled 15,000. (When their grandsons migrated to city with their parents, the grandparents left behind in fact became lonely old people receiving no care from their families.), said Zhao Guangming. According to his calculation, the aging population with an age of over sixty years old in Xi Lin exceeded 50,000, which accounts 21.7% for the total population and constituted the major part of poverty-stricken and dire destitute households. In no time, Zhao Gunagming submitted his draft of overall model fort further developing poverty alleviation project to the county party committee and the local government, which includes the following aspects: Follow the guidance of the party and give full play to the leading role of the industrial parks, promote the development of villages and households by invigorating enterprises and community and achieve the full financial service coverage. After conscientious deliberation, this idea was put into practice.<br /> <br /> ====夏盼 Xia Pan====<br /> <br /> 赵光明说，这个思路的核心，说一千道一万就是产业，扶贫没有产业，等于龙无头，雄鹰没翅膀，赵光明夜以继日研究的就是搞什么产业能够更有力度地带动贫困村民的问题。妻子从睡梦中爬起来，又是焦急又是心疼，只好化谴责为幽默——赵主任，现在已经是新一天的早晨了，能不能闭上眼睛歇一歇，你累垮了，地球照样转。<br /> 你猜赵光明说什么，他连头都没有抬，眼睛依然盯在摊开的一堆资料上，回了一句：“转是转，慢三圈”。<br /> 在机关，他是一位运筹帷幄的领导；在田间地头，他是一位出谋划策、无微不至的贴心人；面对脱贫攻坚的一个个新课题，他更是一位锲而不舍的学者…… 到扶贫办工作三年，他战胜了病魔，但两鬓日渐斑白，老乡们亲切地叫他老赵头，赵光明也乐呵呵地回答着，后来老乡们和他相处久了，不知道是谁在这个称呼前面加了一句定语——身上有股用不完的劲儿的老赵头，赵光明才说：“为俸禄而工作，那是辛苦的；为工作而工作，那是无味的；为享受而工作，那才是幸福，我把扶贫当作一门艺术，我在享受它，所以就有使不完的劲儿”。<br /> <br /> Zhao Guangming said that the core of this idea is the development of industry. No industry in poverty alleviation means that the dragon has no head and the eagle has no wings. Zhao Guangming has been researching day and night the question of what industry can more effectively help impoverished villagers.<br /> The wife got up, anxious and distressed at the same time, so she had to turn the condemnation into humor - Director Zhao, it is a new morning, can you close your eyes and take a rest, if you are exhausted, the earth still turns. Guess what Zhao Guangming said? he didn't even lift his head, his eyes were still fixed on the pile of information spread out, and he replied: &quot;Turn, but slow three laps.&quot; In the office, he is a leader who is good at planning and operating; in the field, he is a caring person who has a lot of ideas and is meticulous; in the face of new topics in poverty alleviation, he is a persevering scholar... Working in the Poverty Alleviation Office for three years, he overcame the disease, but his temples were gradually graying. The villagers affectionately called him Lao Zhaotou, and Zhao Guangming answered cheerfully. Later, villagers got along with him for a long time, and I don't know who added an attributive phrase in his name - the old Zhao who has an inexhaustible energy, Zhao Guangming said: &quot;Working for a salary is hard; working for work, it is tasteless; working for enjoyment, that is happiness, I regard poverty alleviation as an art, and I am enjoying it, so I have endless energy.”<br /> <br /> correction: Zhao Guangming said that the core of this idea is the development of industry. No industry in poverty alleviation is no different from the dragon without a head and the eagle without wings. Zhao Guangming has been pondering day and night what kind of industry can benefit more effectively the impoverished villagers. His wife got up, anxious and worried, so she had to turn the blame into humor - Director Zhao, it is a new morning, could you please close your eyes and take a rest? The earth won’t stop spinning without you. Without lifting his head, he fixed his eyes on the piles of papers spreading out, Guess what his answer is? He said: “It does, but three laps behind.” In the office, he is a leader good at planning and operating; in the field, he is a caring and meticulous person with a lot of ideas; in the face of new topics in poverty alleviation, he is a persevering scholar... Working in the Poverty Alleviation Office for three years, he overcame the diseases, but his temples were gradually graying. The villagers affectionately called him Lao Zhaotou, and he answered cheerfully. After villagers being around him for a long time, I don't know who added an attributive phrase in his name - the old Zhao who has an inexhaustible energy. Zhao Guangming said: &quot;Working for a salary is hard; working for its own sake, it is boring; working for enjoyment, that is happiness. I regard poverty alleviation as an art, and I am enjoying it, so I have endless energy.”<br /> <br /> ====夏依颐 Xia Yiyi ====<br /> <br /> 赵光明与县领导多次外出考察、查阅大量资料，经过多方可行性调研，将德青源二百五十万只金鸡、正邦二百万头生猪全产业链、15.6MW光伏农场等产业扶贫项目引入林西县，依托这些重点项目和农牧业龙头企业的支持，通过“企业+基地+农户”的方式，创造了符合地域实际的甜菜、金鸡、生猪、中草药、野果五种产业脱贫模式，建立了企业与贫困户之间的利益联结机制，全县所有具备生产能力的贫困人口获得产业扶贫全覆盖，获得来自生产性、财产性、劳务性和资产性四个方面收入。二零一七年，这五种产业发展模式共带动建档立卡贫困人口八千八百六十三户、一万六千五百七十三人，占贫困人口总数的82.6%，人均增收一千六百五十元。同时，通过整合财政涉农资金，撬动金融资本和社会资本参与，推行“园区+企业+农户+贫困户”经营模式。 全县投资四十三亿元，开工建设脱贫产业园区两处，带动建档立卡贫困人口两千零三十五户 、四千六百七十九人，人均增收一千五百元。<br /> Zhao Guangming and the county leaders conducted multiple field trips, information searching and feasibility studies, and 2.5 million chickens in Deqingyuan, the whole industry chain of 2 million pigs in Zhengbang, 15.6MW photovoltaic farms and other industrial poverty-alleviation projects were introduced into Linxi County. Those key projects and the support of leading agricultural and animal husbandry enterprises, through the &quot;enterprise + base + farmers &quot; approach, have created five industrial poverty-reduction models that meet the regional reality: beet, chicken, pig, herbal medicine and wild fruit and established the interest linkage mechanism between enterprises and poor households. The county's poor people with production capacity obtained full coverage of industrial poverty alleviation and income from four aspects: production, property, labor and asset. In 2017, a total of 8,863 registered poor households and 16,573 people had a per capita income increase of 1,650 yuan, accounting for 82.6% of the total poor population. At the same time, through the integration of financial funds related to agriculture and the participation of financial capital and social capital, a business model of the “park + enterprise + farmer + poor household” was launched. The county has invested 4.3 billion yuan to construct two industrial parks for poverty alleviation, thus driving 2,035 households and 4,679 people in poverty with a per capita income increase of 1,500 yuan.<br /> <br /> ====夏紫纯 Xia Zichun====<br /> <br /> 遍地开花的扶贫产业，给贫困群众带来了信心，赢得了群众对精准脱贫工作的支持。呈现出巨大的带动力量和令人欣喜的前景。 <br /> 采访中，我们谈起中草药和饲料种植，赵光明信手拈来，谈到这个中草药产业链延续，他的还真是有好思路，他告诉我，黄芪特别适合在旱地种植，一般两年可收，若不收，来年继续生长，年头越长，药用价值越高，一般药厂用主干做切片，用毛须做药丸，那么延续下去，一些梗叶等可以直接粉碎，加入牛羊鸡饲料，其药用价值在牛羊身上可以继续发挥作用，另外，例如牧草紫花苜蓿，可以种在水果林间，一旦种下，永远不用重复种，年年收益……说起这些，赵光明的眼睛直发亮，仿佛看见了大片的绿水青山，金山银山。<br /> <br /> The widespread prosperity of the anti-poverty industry brought confidence to the poor and won the support of the people for targeted poverty eradication efforts. It showed great driving power and a promising future. In one interview, we talked about the cultivation of Chinese herbs and feed, and Zhao Guangming talked with conviction about the continuation of the herb industry chain. He really had a good idea, telling me that the astragalus was particularly suitable for growing in dry land and could generally be harvested in two years. If not, it would continue to grow the following year and the longer the years, the higher the medicinal value. Usually pharmacies used the main stem of the herb for slicing and its hairs and whiskers for pills. Some of the stalks and leaves could then be crushed directly and added to the feed of cattle, sheep and chickens, so that the medicinal value continued to be useful in cattle and sheep. In addition, the forage grass alfalfa, for example, could be planted among the fruit groves and once planted，it never had to be replanted and could yield year after year. Talking about this, Zhao Guangming’s eyes sparkled as if he had witnessed a large area of green mountains and golden hills.<br /> <br /> The prosperous rural industries for lifting the poor out of poverty have encouraged people and won their support for targeted poverty alleviation.The industries, as driving forces for rural economy, have shown their exiting prospects.In a interview, when it came to the planting Chinese herbs and feed, Zhao had his own ideas about the development of Chinese herbal medicine industrial chain. Astragalus, a kind of Chinese herb, was particularly suitable for growing in dry land, generally harvested in two years. If not being dug, astragalus would be of higher value in the ensuing years of growth. Pharmaceutical factories usually cut the rhizome of astragalus into pieces and use its root hair for pills. Besides, the leaves and twigs of it could be smashed and added to the feed of chicken cattle and sheep to provide medicinal virtues for the animals. A sort of herb and forage, alfalfa, if planted among fruit trees, would yield good returns each year, never in need of re-planting. When Zhao was talking of those herbs, his eyes glittered as if he had seen a wealthy rural land with lucid water and green mountains. <br /> <br /> <br /> 要做就做最好的、最强的，这是赵光明的口头禅。德清源集团是全国最大的蛋鸡企业，德青源在林西租地建厂，贫困户年收租金10％，德清源吸收贫困户做工，每月工资三千余元，同时，拉动周边农民种植饲料，将周边农民合作社和个体养鸡生产纳入他们的渠道进行统一管理销售，还接纳大批农村大学生回乡就业。目前，德清源已经成为林西扶贫的支柱产业，也成了当地农民心中自己的企业，百姓富裕了，企业也因此越做越好，大伙说，扶贫办真是给自己的家乡做了件一举多得的大好事儿。<br /> <br /> “To be the best and the strongest if we do something”, this is Zhao Guangming’s mantra. Deqingyuan Group, the country’s largest egg-laying chicken output enterprise, rented land in Linxi to build factories. This enterprise collected 10% of the annual rent from poor households and also employed poor people, who were paid more than 3,000 yuan a month. At the same time, it encouraged nearby farmers to grow feed and brought surrounding farmers’ co-operatives and individual chicken production into their channels for unified management and sales. What's more，it also accepted a large number of rural graduates who returned to their hometowns for employment. At present, Deqingyuan has become a pillar industry for poverty alleviation in Linxi, and has also become an enterprise in the hearts of local farmers themselves. The people are richer, and the business is getting better as a result. The people say that the poverty alleviation office has really done more than a great job for their hometown.<br /> <br /> “Be the best and the strongest.”Zhao often said so. Deqingyuan Group, the largest enterprise for laying hens, rented land in Linxi to build factories.The company paid 10% of their fixed investment per year as rental to benefit the poor families and employed local impoverished people with monthly wages of over 3000 yuan.It advocated farmers nearby to plant forage crops as well as merged with local peasants’ cooperatives and individual households farming hens for unified management and sales. More over, it welcomed locally born university graduates who would like to come back to their hometown to work. Today Deqingyuan Group has played a leading role in poverty alleviation through industrial development in Linxi.It has grown bigger and won good reputation among local people as a result of helping them get rid of poverty. Linxi people praised the local Poverty Relief Office for its efforts in building a better Linxi.<br /> <br /> ====向明慧 Xiang Minghui====<br /> <br /> 站在高速路边上接车队的事儿，发生在二零一七年十一月二十九日，德清源企业从河北房山往林西运送第一批鸡苗，总计六十万只。从早上到深夜，赵光明时刻惦记着路上的鸡苗，用他自己的话说，我呀，从来没有过如此这般的坐立不安，当初得知自己生了病，自己都是淡定自若，今天是实在坐不住了，恨不能一眼见到那些小鸡苗。赵光明说，我就是不去接，呆在家里能睡着吗？这六十万只鸡苗，一路行程十小时，天气寒冷，它们会不会受凉，没有水喝，会不会生病，一路乘车，会不会出现颠簸拥挤？一旦出现点什么问题，企业受损失不说，当地农民的信心也会受挫。<br /> 当赵光明跟着浩浩荡荡的运输车，进入了车间，在温暖明亮的车间里，双手捧起一只小鸡仔，抚摸着它柔软的羽毛，看着它滴溜溜转的小眼珠，周围小雨一般的鸡叫声包围着，赵光明心里的喜悦溢于言表，他的部下和企业人员看到了他噙在眼睛里的一片湿润。<br /> <br /> On November 29th, 2017, Deqingyuan Group’s first batch of chicks, totally 600,000, were transported from Fangshan, Hebei Province to the Xilin County. From early morning till midnight, Zhao stood near the highway, waiting for the chicks. “I hadn’t been so anxious even when I’d been told to have an operation. But that time, I could hardly remain calm. I was longing to see their safe arrival. I couldn’t fall asleep at home. I was worried about the chicks. I couldn’t help thinking whether those chicks would suffer from coldness, thirsty, diseases, jostle, or bumpiness during their 10-hour trip. If any trouble had came up, the local enterprise would have paid for it while many farmers would have been disappointed.”said Zhao. Later, he followed the trucks carrying chicks into a warm and light workshop where he held a chick in his hands, stroke its soft leathers and stared at its small rolling eyes. He was submerged in their cluck and also in thrill. His welling up tears were seen by factory workers and his subordinates.<br /> <br /> On November 29th, 2017, Deqingyuan Group’s first batch of chicks, totally 600,000, were transported from Fangshan, Hebei Province to the Xilin County. From early morning till midnight, Zhao stood near the highway, waiting for the chicks. “I hadn’t been so anxious even when I’d been told that I was seriously ill. But today, I could hardly remain calm. I was longing to see their safe arrival. Even if I didn't wait for them, could I stay at home and fall asleep? I was worried about the chicks. I couldn’t help thinking whether those six hundred thousand chicks would suffer from coldness, thirsty, diseases, jostle, or bumpiness during their 10-hour trip. If any trouble had come up, in addition to the loss of businesses, the confidence of local farmers will also be frustrated.” said Zhao. Later, he followed the gigantic trucks carrying chicks into a warm and bright workshop where he held a chick in his hands, stroke its soft feathers and stared at its small rolling eyes. He was submerged in their cluck and also in thrill. His welling up tears were seen by enterprise workers and his subordinates.<br /> <br /> ====肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 2018年，林西县提前一年通过严格的第三方验收，成功脱贫摘帽，2018年荣获全国扶贫攻坚组织创新奖。赵光明说，摘帽并不等于工作的结束，脱贫不脱帮扶，对于贫困户，我们必须扶上马，送一程，脱贫和下一步的乡村振兴之间没有空隙，必须连在一起的。<br /> <br /> In 2018, Linxi County passed the strict third-party inspection one year ahead of schedule, and successfully eradicated poverty. In 2018, it won the National Poverty Alleviation Organization Innovation Award.Zhao Guangming said: &quot; The completion of poverty alleviation does not mean the end of the work and the end of assistance to poverty. For the poor households, we must give them a leg up to get them going. There is no gap between poverty alleviation and the next step of rural revitalization. It must be linked together.”<br /> <br /> In 2018, Linxi County passed the strict inspection by third-party one year in advance, and successfully eradicated poverty. In 2018, it won the National Poverty Alleviation Organization Innovation Award.Zhao Guangming said: &quot; The completion of poverty alleviation does not mean the end of the work and the end of assistance to poverty. For the poverty-stricken households, we must give them a leg up to get them going. There is no gap between poverty alleviation and the next step of rural revitalization. They must be linked together.”<br /> <br /> 我到林西采访赵光明主任的时候，他正和从前一样在去十二吐村入户调查的途中。<br /> <br /> When I went to Linxi to interview Director Zhao, he was on his way to the Shiertu village for household investigation.<br /> <br /> When I went to Linxi to interview Director Zhao, as before, he was on his way to the Shiertu village for household survey.<br /> <br /> 当我写完这段文字，赵光明主任通过微信给我发来了好几个奖状——《2018年全区脱贫攻坚扶贫系统先进个人》《 林西县改革开放40周年脱贫攻坚先进工作者》《赤峰市2018年脱贫攻坚先进个人》《全市优秀党务工作者》……看得出，虽然他已经被提拔到了赤峰市社科联副主席的新岗位上，但是他仍然为自己曾投身扶贫攻坚这一伟大的历史壮举，感到无比的光荣和自豪。<br /> <br /> When I finished writing this paragraph, Director Zhao sent me several certificates of merit through WeChat: &quot;2018 Advanced Individual in poverty alleviation system&quot;, &quot;advanced workers for poverty alleviation of the 40th anniversary of the reform and opening up of in Linxi County&quot;, &quot;advanced individual of 2018 poverty alleviation in Chifeng city&quot;, &quot;municipal outstanding Party affairs workers &quot;...We can tell that although he has been promoted to be vice chairman of the Chifeng Federation of Social Sciences, he is still proud of devoting himself in the great historical feat of poverty alleviation.<br /> <br /> When I finished writing this paragraph, Director Zhao sent me several certificates of merit through WeChat: &quot;2018 Advanced Individual in poverty alleviation system&quot;, &quot;advanced workers for poverty alleviation of the 40th anniversary of the reform and opening up in Linxi County&quot;, &quot;advanced individual of 2018 poverty alleviation in Chifeng city&quot;, &quot;municipal outstanding Party affairs workers &quot;...We could tell that although he had been promoted to be vice chairman of the Chifeng Federation of Social Sciences, he was still proud of devoting himself in the great historical feat of poverty alleviation.<br /> <br /> 通讯：内蒙古呼伦贝尔市文联 刘爱萍<br /> （河西新区政务大楼d2）手机13304700183<br /> <br /> Correspondent: Liu Aiping, d2 of Hexi New District Government Affairs Building, Federation of Literary and Art Circles in Hulun Buir City, Inner Mongolia<br /> <br /> Phone number: 13304700183<br /> <br /> Correspondent: Liu Aiping, d2 of Hexi New District Government Affairs Building, Federation of Literary and Art Circles in Hulun Buir City, Inner Mongolia<br /> <br /> Phone Number: 13304700183<br /> <br /> ====肖娜 Xiao Na====<br /> <br /> 赛拜诺书记<br /> Secretary Saibainuo<br /> 艾平<br /> Aiping<br /> <br /> 此前，“阿什罕苏木那林高勒嘎查” 这十一个字，对于姚远来说，就像原本熟悉的一堆宝石，此时突然被连缀成了一条异样又斑斓的项链，其汉字的内涵不翼而飞，变得像天外来客的诗句一样难以破解，这深邃的组合意味着怎样的隐秘，她很想知道。<br /> <br /> Previously, for Yao yuan, the 11 characters&quot;Ashkhan Sum Nalingaole Gacha&quot; was just like a pile of familiar gemstones, but suddenly were strung into a different and colorful necklace. The connotations of the characters were missing and hard to understand as poems from outside world and Yao wanted to know what the profound combination meant.<br /> <br /> Previously, for Yao yuan, the four characters &quot;Ashkhan Sum Nalingaole Gacha&quot; were just like a pile of familiar gemstones, but suddenly were clustered together and turned into a different and gorgeous necklace. The connotations of the characters disappeared, getting mysterious just like alien's verses. Yao curiously wanted to know what was the secret behind this profound combination.<br /> <br /> 姚远，80后，女性，汉族。大学毕业之后，在翁牛特旗旗司法局工作。2018年被组织部门选调到那林高勒任驻村第一书记，她属于初出茅庐，以往只有短期的机关工作经历。 <br /> <br /> Yaoyuan, post-80s generation, female, ethnic Han. After graduated from her university, she worked in Justice Bureau of Wengniut Banner. In 2008, selected by organization department to be the First Secretary in Nalinggaole village, she was new to this because she had only worked in government agencies for a short time.<br /> <br /> Yao yuan, post-80s generation, female, ethnic Han. After graduating from university, she worked in the Justice Bureau of Wengniut Banner. In 2008, selected by the organization department to be the First Secretary in Nalinggaole village, she knew nothing as she had only worked in the organs for a short time. <br /> <br /> 阿什罕苏木那林高勒嘎查，阿什罕苏木那林高勒嘎查……姚远开始用舌头一遍遍盘这个名字。阿什罕——平坦的草原上崛起的山包，苏木——乡镇，那林高勒——细长的河，嘎查——村。她终于念顺嘴了，弄明白了。<br /> <br /> Ashkhan Sum Nalingaole Gacha, Ashkhan Sum Nalingaole Gacha...Yao started to repeat the name. &quot; Ashkhan&quot; means the hills rising on the plain grasslands, &quot;Sum&quot; means towns, &quot;Nalinggaole&quot; means the long rivers and &quot;Gacha&quot; means villages. Knowing about these meanings, she repeated it smoothly.<br /> <br /> Ashkhan Sum Nalingaole Gacha, Ashkhan Sum Nalingaole Gacha... Yao started to repeat the name.&quot; Ashkhan&quot; means the hills rising on the plain grasslands, &quot;Sum&quot; means towns, &quot;Nalinggaole&quot; means the long rivers and &quot;Gacha&quot; means villages. Understanding their meanings, she finally repeated smoothly.<br /> <br /> 姚远没有更多的准备，带着匆匆学会的一句蒙语“赛拜诺”出发了。<br /> <br /> Hadn't made more preparations, Yao set out with a mongolian &quot;Saibainuo&quot; learned in a hurry.<br /> <br /> Hadn't prepared well, Yao set off with a monolian &quot;Saibainuo&quot; learned in haste.<br /> <br /> ====肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin====<br /> <br /> 春天里。周边的沙地草原上，绿意复苏，正一寸寸地覆盖黄沙，太阳露脸的时间长了，泥土里孕育了一冬的霜雪，徐徐升腾成潮湿的空气。羊群，牛群如梦初醒，四处觅食。杏花嫩嫩的少女脸，从每一家的院子里探出头来欢迎姚远的到来。<br /> <br /> In spring, the surrounding sand and grassland burst into life with green covering sand by inch. As the days grew longer, forest and snow which soil gave birth to accumulated in the winter, evaporated into damp air. Sheep and cattle came out of reverie and grazed everywhere. Tender apricots in each of the homes peeped their heads to welcome Yao yuan's arrival. <br /> <br /> 相对于赤峰境内更多的半农半牧村庄，这里是纯牧区。这个纯字，主要体现在语言上，嘎查的乡亲们都讲蒙语。这里的年轻人，出去上过学的，蒙汉语兼通，他们一般对客人使用汉语。不过一旦使用汉语和你交流，与你就有了无形的距离，等于告诉你，你不属于这里，你是客人。<br /> <br /> Compared with semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral villages in Chifeng more, Gazha was a pure pastoral area. The pure mainly reflected on the language as folks in Gazha all said Mongolian. The young people here who went to school outside Gazha, were able to speak both Mongolian and Mandarin and usually spoke Mandarin to guests. But once they communicated Mandarin to you, it separated you invisibliy, which indicated that as a guest, you don't belong here. <br /> <br /> <br /> 姚远开始入户摸底。她面带真诚的笑容，一心想摸清情况，以便因人施策，尽快让这里的贫困户从困境中摆脱出来。她以为使用蒙语问候一下，距离就会拉近。见到大姐，她不说你好，而是说赛拜诺，见到大爷她也先问一声赛拜诺。村民一听蒙语，感到挺亲切，高高兴兴回答她“赛拜诺，赛拜诺”，接着就用蒙语和她对话，问她是谁。她立马听不懂了，人家一看她愣愣的表情，就转身忙自己手里的活计去了。时间一长，老乡们就知道了，这个新来的年轻女书记，就会一句蒙语，牧区的事儿知道的不多。传来传去，姚远就有了一个外号——“赛拜诺书记”。姚远知道了，不仅尴尬，更是着急。<br /> <br /> Yao yuan started door-to-door household surveys. She smiled sincerely and was bent on making a clear investigation so as to help low income families out of economic stuck. She thought greetings in Mongolian could approach them. Seeing older sisters, instead of saying nihao in Mandarin, she said saibainuo. Meeting old men, she would also say saibainuo first. Folks hearing it, felt kind and happily replied:&quot; saibainuo,saibainuo...&quot;. Then, they continued to talk with her in Mongolian, asking who she was. Yan cannot understand immediately and folks seeing her in a silly daze looking, turned to go about their own businesses. Over time, villagers knew that this young female secretary understood only one Mongolian sentence and didn't know much about the pastoral area. Rumors passing around, Yao got a new nickname called &quot;saibainuo secretary&quot;. Hearing this, Yan felt not just awkward, but anxious.<br /> <br /> ====谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu ====<br /> <br /> 驻村工作队一共五个人，除了姚远自己以外，其余四位同志，全是使用蒙语交流的蒙古族干部。在工作中，他们为了照顾姚远，硬扭着自己使用汉语，说着说着却往往不由自主地回到了母语中。到了工作之余，同志们难免要放松一下呀，聊聊生活，开个玩笑，这时候姚远只能在一旁看着，看到人家笑，她也跟着傻笑。 <br /> 姚远下决心学蒙语，每天不管多忙，都要强迫自己记住几个蒙语单词，记住了，虽然说得笨笨磕磕，也要硬着头皮用一用。她知道不说，就永远张不开嘴，虽然学会蒙语，不是一朝一夕的事儿，但必须争分夺秒，学了就用。她每一天都在忙着和时间赛跑，因为村党支部和村委会，加上驻村工作队全体成员，平均年龄五十大多，只有她一个人会使用电脑，她这个第一书记，白天要入户帮扶，张罗给贫困户解决各种困难，晚上还要点灯熬油，汇总各种数字，填报各种表格，撰写各种材料……所以，她只能利用在食堂吃饭的时候，到贫困户家办事的时候，见缝插针地试巴几句蒙语。<br /> 登记羊的时候，她不说一只羊，说，讷个好尼；看牛的时候，她不说五个牛，说塔布五斯。见了大姐，她改口叫额格齐，见了大哥她改口叫阿哈。每当她安排蒙汉语兼通的同志给牧民讲政策，她自己先当学生，坐在一边细细地听，慢慢琢磨蒙语的表达逻辑和汉语的表达逻辑有什么不同之处，她渐渐地发现，蒙语是一种非常智慧、非常优美的语言。<br /> <br /> There were five members in the team stationed in the village. Except Yao Yuan herself, the other four teammates were all Mongolian cadres who communicated in Mongolian. In order to take care of Yao Yuan at work, they forced themselves to use Chinese, but as they spoke, they often involuntarily returned to their mother tongue. After work, it was inevitable for them to relax, talking about their life or making jokes. At this time, Yao could only watch them, and giggle along with them when she saw them laughing. So Yao made up her mind to study Mongolian. No matter how busy she was every day, she would force herself to remember a few Mongolian words. Then though she didn’t speak it fluently, she screwed up her courage to use it in real situation. Because she knew that if she did not speak it out, she would never get her mouth open. Although she cannot learn Mongolian overnight, she must treasure every minute to use it after learning. She was busy and raced against time every day. Because the average age of all members of the village party branch, the village committee and the team stationed in the village were more than 50, she was the only one who was able to use the computer. As the first secretary of the village, except visiting and helping poor families alleviate poverty, and solving their problems during the day, she also had to stay up at night to aggregate figures, complete forms, and write materials… So she could only find some gaps to speak a few words in Mongolian when she was having meals in the canteen and handling affairs in poor families. When she registered sheep, she didn’t say one sheep, but “Na Ge Hao Ni”; when she visited cattle, she didn’t say five heads of cattle, but “Ta Bu Wu Si”. When she met an elder sister, she called her Egeqi, and when she met an elder brother, she called him Aha. When she scheduled comrades who were proficient in Mongolian and Chinese to lecture policies to herdsmen, she would be a student at first, siting and listening carefully, and slowly pondering the differences of logical expression between Mongolian and Chinese. She gradually found that Mongolian is a very intelligent and beautiful language.<br /> <br /> ====谢茜敏 Xie Ximin====<br /> <br /> 有一天，村民开会，男男女女来了一屋子人。姚远提前就准备好了，她在主持会的时候，似乎无意地点起了村民的名字。先叫女人的名字：“乌兰琪琪格” 让后再用汉语翻译一遍：“红色的花”，以此类推：“娜仁琪琪格，太阳花”“乌仁琪琪格，有灵性的花”“曹布敦琪琪格，像珍珠一样的花”“曹布敦其木格，圆润的珍珠”；再点男人的名字：“赛音图，好男子汉”“新吉乐图，有财富的男子汉”“巴雅尔图，聪明的男人”“青格勒图，辽阔明朗的男人”“曹克图，精神抖擞，英姿飒爽的男子汉”。没想到会场一下子热闹起来了，这个给她纠正微瑕，那个向她介绍还有哪一位“琪琪格”今天没来，告诉她还有哪一位“图”是个小青年，在外边做买卖。姚远想起了一本书上的话——文化就是一条通道，可以使人们从四面八方走到一起，没有一个民族不喜欢敬重自己文化的人。果然，姚远感觉到，从那天开始，村民再见到她，明显不一样了。她再说“赛拜诺”，牧民便会接过话来，用蒙语告诉她，专项扶贫资金买的小羊羔拉回来了，然后再用汉语重复一遍，要是遇到了她听不懂的蒙语，村民又不会用汉语表达的时候，村民就会折断柳条，在地上画图，配上汉语单词和肢体比划，最终让她弄明白啥意思。<br /> <br /> One day, a host of villagers, men and women, held a meeting. Yao Yuan had prepared for it in advance. While holding the meeting, she unwittingly called the roll. To begin with, she named a lady: “Ulan Qiqigee”. And then interpreted it into Chinese: “a red flower”. By that analogy, she said “Naren QiqiGee, sunflower”, “Uren QiqiGee, a charismatic flower”, “Caobudun QiqiGee, a pearl-like flower”, “Caobudun Lattice, a mellow and full pearl”. And then she checked the men: “Saiyin Tu, a true man”, “Xinjile Tu, a wealthy man”, “Bayaer Tu, a wise man”, “Qingele Tu, a broad- minded and bright man”, “Caoke Tu, a mettlesome and heroic man”. Unexpectedly, the meeting became lively all of a sudden. One of them corrected a minor mistake for her, and another reminded her that a “QiqiGee” didn’t come today and a “Tu” actually was a young man doing business outside. At that time one saying on a book crossed Yao’s mind that culture is a channel, through which people can gather together from far and wide, and no nation dislikes those who respect its culture. As expected, since then, Yao Yuan felt the villagers treated her in a obviously different manner when they met her. If she said “Sabano”, the herder would answer her in Mongolian: “The lambs bought with poverty alleviation funds have been pulled back”, and repeated it in Chinese. If Yao didn’t understand some Mongolian and villagers couldn’t expressed themselves in Chinese either, they would painted a picture with a broken wicker and even added some Chinese characters and sign language so that Yao Yuan could figure out the meaning.<br /> One day, a host of villagers, men and women, held a meeting. Yao Yuan had prepared for it in advance. While holding the meeting, she unwittingly called the roll. To begin with, she named a lady: “Ulan Qiqigee”. And then interpreted it into Chinese: “a red flower”. By that analogy, she said “Naren QiqiGee, sunflower”, “Uren QiqiGee, a charismatic flower”, “Caobudun QiqiGee, a pearl-like flower”, “Caobudun Lattice, a mellow and full pearl”. And then she checked the men: “Saiyin Tu, a true man”, “Xinjile Tu, a wealthy man”, “Bayaer Tu, a wise man”, “Qingele Tu, a broad- minded and bright man”, “Caoke Tu, a mettlesome and heroic man”. Unexpectedly, the meeting became lively all of a sudden. One of them corrected a minor mistake for her, and another reminded her that a “QiqiGee” didn’t come today and a “Tu” actually was a young man doing business outside. At that time one saying on a book crossed Yao’s mind that culture is a road, through which people can gather together from far and wide, and no nation dislikes those who respect its culture. As expected, since then, Yao Yuan felt the villagers treated her in a obviously different manner when they met her. If she said “Sabano”, the herder would answer her in Mongolian: “The lambs bought with poverty alleviation funds have been pulled back”, and repeated it in Chinese. If Yao didn’t understand some Mongolian and villagers couldn’t expressed themselves in Chinese either, they would painted a picture with a broken wicker and even added some Chinese characters and sign language so that Yao Yuan could figure out the meaning.<br /> <br /> ====谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou ====<br /> <br /> 第一书记的工作就这样进入了轨道。<br /> 一天，姚远带领工作队的同志们进门调研贫困户情况，突然接到了一个电话。电话里说，姚书记呀，我要和你谈谈。 <br /> 谈什么呢？<br /> 谈的问题多了去了。<br /> 那您是哪位？<br /> 来电话的人说我叫李柏寿。<br /> 姚远说，好的，好的。现在不方便，回头去你家，咱们见面谈好不好？<br /> 这时候有人从背后轻轻地拽了一下姚远。姚远回头一看，是个知情人。<br /> 他告诉姚远，李柏寿可是个人物，他的特点就是爱告状，赤峰去过，呼和浩特去过，北京也去过。如果问起他告状的原因，能回到八十年代，你就听吧，那记性，跟录音机似的，那嘴，跟鹰嘴似的，词儿硬，得理不让人。姚书记，这人不是贫困户，要我看，可听可不听，再说咱们够忙的啦。<br /> “那他为啥告状啊？”<br /> “陈芝麻烂谷糠吧，都是咱们解决不了的事儿。”<br /> The major secretary's work was on the right track.<br /> One day, Yao Yuan led a team to investigate the situation of poor households, and suddenly received a call. &quot;Secretary Yao, I want to talk to you.&quot;<br /> &quot;What do you want to talk about?&quot;<br /> &quot;There are too many problems to talk about.&quot;<br /> &quot;And who are you?&quot;<br /> The caller said: &quot;My name is Li Boshou.&quot;<br /> Yao Yuan said, &quot;Fine. I am busy now. Shall we talk later when I visit your home?&quot;<br /> At this time, someone gently pulled Yao Yuan from behind. When Yao Yuan looked back, he was an insider.<br /> He said: &quot;Li Boshou is a terrible man. He loves to complain and has been to many places, including Chifeng, Hohhot, and Beijing. If you ask him why he complained, he can take you back to the 1980s. His memory is like a tape recorder and his mouth is like a hawk's mouth. When talking to him, he always has good reasons. Secretary Yao, his family is not poor. In my opinion, we can listen to him or not. Besides, we are busy enough. &quot;<br /> &quot;Then why did he complain?&quot;<br /> &quot;What he complains about are all unimportant matters that we can't solve.&quot;<br /> <br /> The first secretary's work was on the right track.<br /> One day, Yao Yuan led a team to investigate the situation of poor households, and suddenly received a call. &quot;Secretary Yao, I want to talk to you.&quot;<br /> &quot;What do you want to talk about?&quot;<br /> &quot;There are too many problems to talk about.&quot;<br /> &quot;And who are you?&quot;<br /> The caller said: &quot;My name is Li Boshou.&quot;<br /> Yao Yuan said, &quot;Fine. I am busy now. Shall we talk later when I visit your home?&quot;<br /> At this time, someone gently pulled Yao Yuan from behind. When Yao Yuan looked back, he was an insider.<br /> He said: &quot;Li Baishou is a terrible man. He loves to complain and has been to many places, including Chifeng, Hohhot, and Beijing. If you ask him why he complained, he can take you back to the 1980s. His memory is like a tape recorder and his mouth is like a hawk's mouth. When talking to him, he always has good reasons. Secretary Yao, his family is not poor. In my opinion, we can listen to him or not. Besides, we are busy enough. &quot;<br /> &quot;Then why did he complain?&quot;<br /> &quot;What he complains about are all unimportant matters that we can't solve.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====谢紫佳 Xie Zijia====<br /> <br /> 姚远自从驻村以后，每天都在边工作边思考，她意识到自己缺少的不仅是语言沟通能力，还缺少对这片土地历史文化的了解，有的时候她感觉自己就是一棵易地搬迁的树。你来的时候，根被原来的那坨泥土包裹着，如果你始终在那坨土里盘绕，最后肯定因为缺失营养而枯干，所以你的当务之急就是继续深扎，呼吸这里的空气，吸吮这里的山水，直至成为真正属于这片土地的植物。<br /> Yao Yuan has been thinking while working every day since she was stationed in the village. She realizes that what she lacks is not only the ability to communicate in language, but also the understanding of the history and culture of the land, and sometimes she feels that she is a tree that has been relocated.When you came here, your roots were wrapped in the original pile of soil, if you always coiled in that pile of soil, you will surely dry up in the end because the lack of nutrition, so your urgent task is to continue to root deeply, breathe the air here, suck the landscape here, until you become a plant that really belongs there.<br /> <br /> Yao Yuan has been thinking while working every day since she was stationed in the village. She realizes that what she lacks is not only the ability to communicate in language, but also the understanding of the history and culture of the land, and sometimes she feels that she is a tree that has been relocated. When you come here, your roots are wrapped in the original pile of soil. If you always coiled in that pile of soil, you will surely dry up in the end because of the lack of nutrition, so your urgent task is to continue to root deeply, breathe the air here, and suck the landscape here, until you become a plant that really belongs there.<br /> <br /> 这个李柏寿能够告诉自己什么呢？他是一个在这片土地上生活了一辈子的老年人，记性像录音机，又有语言表述能力，不正自己求之不得的吗？再说，作为党员干部不能失信于民，已经答应去他家谈，那就必须去。<br /> What can this Li Baishou tell himself? He is an old man who has lived on this land all his life, with a memory like a tape recorder and the ability to express himself in words, which is what he reallly wants?Besides , as a party member can not break faith with people, as has already promised to go to his home to have a talk, then must go. <br /> <br /> What can this Li Baishou tell himself? He is an old man who has lived on this land all his life, with a memory like a tape recorder and the ability to express himself in words, which is what he reallly wants?Besides , as a party member can not break faith with people, as has already promised to go to his home to have a talk, then must go. <br /> <br /> 姚远所见过的村民，大都朴实拘谨，见到干部搓着两只手腼腆地笑，问他点事情，总是用简短的语言回答你，很少遇到滔滔不绝地跟你唠起来没完没了的主儿。<br /> The villagers Yao Yuan has seen before, mostly simple and formal, rubbing two hands with shyly smile when see the members, ask him something , always answer you with a short word, rarely encounter the endless chatter with you.<br /> <br /> The villagers Yao Yuan has seen before, mostly simple and formal, rubbing two hands with shyly smile when see the members, ask him something , always answer you with a short word, rarely encounter the endless chatter with you.<br /> <br /> ====熊丹 Xiong Dan====<br /> <br /> 到了李柏寿家，姚远考虑了一下，为了能够更深入地和李柏寿沟通，她决定一个人和他谈，便让同来的工作队员暂时离开。这个李柏寿和他的老伴，可真让姚远开了眼，人家那叫不慌不忙，娓娓道来。他们的回忆从上个世纪八十年代的土地包产到户，到近期的村小组内的利益冲突；从整个嘎查在土地、沙漠、林地、水库的产权变更过程的每一次纠纷，到这个纠纷对当今的影响，他们全都一股脑儿倒了出来，还不时穿插引用一些法律条文，加以分析佐证，说得那叫头头是道。随着他们的讲述，姚远开始在自己的大脑里放电影，嘎查周围的草场、水库、山林一一浮现，这些地方她大致看过，现在想想，如果再去看时，自己或许就能在一定程度上，可以用老百姓的视角从自然禀赋、生产资料所有权、土地流转过程中的矛盾等方面了解村情民情，今后扶贫施策，如果涉及到这一切，心里又有了一些参考。没有调查研究，就没有发言权，说得真对。<br /> When we arrived at Li Boshou’house,Yao Yuan thought about it. She decided to talk with him so as to communicate with Li deeply, then let his work companion temporarily left. <br /> Those Li couples said dilatory, it was really an eye-opner toYao. Their memory had been locked stocked, and barreled from the policy of household contract responsibility for farm production in the 1980s to the village groups’ conflicts of interest recently, and from the administrative village’s every dispute in the property rights change process of the land, desert, forest and reservoir to its dispute to nowadays’ influences, and they talked and talked with slipping in some legal provision sometimes to analysis and prove.<br /> With their narrative,Yao began to play cinema in her brain, the surrounded grasslands ,reservior and forests of the administration village were emergence,those places which she roughly had seen it, now thinking about it and returning to see,she may, in some degree,could use the viewing angle of the civilian of the natural talent,ownership of the means of production to the conflict of the land transferring process to know the village ’s and people’s situation,if the povertly alleviation refer to these ,then we will have the references in mind .it really correct that we have not investigation research ,we have not a say in these things.<br /> <br /> When she arrived at Li Boshou’ house, Yao Yuan thought about it. She decided to talk with him so as to communicate with Li deeply, and then let her work companion temporarily leave. The Li couple said dilatory. It was really an eye-opener to Yao. Their memory had been locked stocked, and barreled from the policy of household contract responsibility for farm production in the 1980s to the village groups’ conflicts of interest recently, and from the administrative village’s every dispute in the property rights change process of the land, desert, forest and reservoir to its dispute to nowadays’ influences, and they talked and talked with slipping in some legal provision sometimes to analysis and prove. With their narrative, Yao began to play cinema in her brain, the surrounded grasslands, reservoirs and forests of the administration village emerged, those places which she roughly had seen. Next time, she, to some degree, could use the viewing angle of the civilian of the natural talent, ownership of the means of production and the conflict of the land transferring process to know the village ’s and people’s realities. If the poverty alleviation referred to these, then we would have the references in mind. It’s really true that if we haven’t conducted any investigation, we have not a say in these things.<br /> <br /> ====徐思禹 Xu Siyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 姚远一直没有插话，静静地听着，时间在李柏寿一会儿慷慨陈词，一会絮絮叨叨的节奏中，不知不觉的过了两个多钟头。突然，李柏寿像是被谁从梦中叫醒了似地，闭上了嘴巴。<br /> <br /> Yao Yuan just listened to him silently without interruption. Two hours and more passed as Li Botao spoke passionately for a while and then nagged for a while. All of a sudden, Li Botao stopped talking, as if he had been awaken from his dream. <br /> <br /> Yao Yuan listened to him without interruption. Two hours and more passed as Li Boshou spoke passionately and then nagged for a while. All of a sudden, Li Boshou stopped talking as if he had awakened from his dream.<br /> <br /> 姚远说：“大叔你怎么不讲了。我还没听够呢？”<br /> <br /> “Why do you stop? I want to hear more.” asked Yao Yuan. <br /> <br /> &quot;Why do you stop? I want to hear more.&quot; asked Yao Yuan. <br /> <br /> 李柏寿说：“逗你大叔呢？从前的多少个上级，没有一个不嫌乎我磨叽的，总是说你到底有啥要求，快说，我们还有事儿，就走人了。你今天是让我把话都说完了。”<br /> <br /> “Are you teasing me? Previously, all the seniors said I was too nagging. They said I should directly say what I want and make it quick and that they have other things to do, and then they left. Only you today let me finish my word.” said Li Botao. <br /> <br /> &quot;I don't get it. Previously, all the seniors said I was too nagging. They said I should directly say what I want and make it quick because they have other things to do. And they did leave soon. You are the only one who let me finish my word.&quot; said Li Boshou. <br /> <br /> 姚远说：“大叔你还没说完，你说的这些事都是过去的，过去的事儿和现在有啥关系啊？”<br /> <br /> “You haven’t done yet. What you have said is about the past. How does it have anything to do with now?” replied Yao Yuan.<br /> <br /> &quot;I know you haven’t finished your talking yet. What you have said is about the past. Is it have something to do with your current demand?&quot; replied Yao Yuan.<br /> <br /> 李柏寿一拍脑袋，可不是，他话题走的太远，居然忘了目的地。<br /> <br /> It hit Li Botao that he had been wandering off the subject and that he had forgot why he came here.<br /> <br /> It hit Li Boshou that he forgot to talk about his purpose after wandering off the subject.<br /> <br /> 原来李柏寿说这些，是为证明他家在当初分草场时曾经遇到了不公平，他说，现在也知道这是很难翻回去的旧账本，但是我不说又有谁知道到底是怎么回事呢。 姚远细问后明白了，老两口的最终诉求就是请政府不要把他的低保户取消。<br /> <br /> It turned out that what Li Botao said was to prove that he was treated unequally when pasture was divided. He understood that it’s hard to change, but who would know what happened if he didn’t speak up. Yao Yuan realized that, after asking, the old couple wanted the government to keep them on the subsistence allowances list.<br /> <br /> It turned out that what Li Boshou mentioned before was to prove that he had been treated unequally in terms of pasture allocation. He understood that it was hard to solve the age-old problem, but he hoped that someone may relate to him after hearing about his unfair experience. After asking for more details, Yao Yuan realized that what the old couple wanted was that the government could revive their qualification to receive basic living allowances.<br /> <br /> ====颜琦 Yan Qi ====<br /> <br /> 他家原有一万余亩草牧场，当时他们家两个儿子没结婚，两个闺女没出嫁，这是按六口人分给他们家的草场，现在国家每年按照这个面积，给他们家发放草牧场补贴，届时一并打到李柏寿的卡上，李柏寿再将儿女的那部分转分给儿女。可是在审定低保户资格的时候，工作人员发现了这个问题，一算账，两口人有这么多草场收入，怎么能当低保户呢？就核销了他家的低保户待遇。 <br /> <br /> An area of 10,000 mu (666.67 hectares) of pastures was allocated to him because he had a family of 6 and his children were single at that time. The government paid annual pasture subsidies through his bank card and Li Boshou would shift part of the money to his children. However, when officials were checking the qualifications of households living below the subsistence standards, they noticed that Li Boshou and his wife had such a pasture for a living and their earnings were higher than the standards so officials canceled the living allowances of Li Boshou and his wife.<br /> <br /> 姚远告诉李柏寿和他老伴，我从一个法律工作者的角度分析，过去的问题时间太长了不是那么容易就能解决的，你到处告状也不是解决问题的最好办法，尤其是越级上访，是会触犯法律的。建议你们进行人民调解，实在不行也可以提起诉讼，但是，无论用什么样的办法，都得有充足的证据，仅仅依靠简单的村民证言，是没有法律效力的。另外，你们老两口年龄大了，当下最重要的是把身体养好，日子过好，最好不要多劳心动气。老两口听了姚远话，若有所思，眉头渐渐舒展开了。<br /> <br /> Yao Yuan told Li Boshou and his wife that from a perspective of a civil servant, she thought that the past issues were too old to solve. Moreover, it was not the best way to make complaints from place to place, especially to appeal to the upper level of government, which may violate laws. She suggested that Li Boshou should talk to the government mediator first. Worse comes to worst, he could file a lawsuit. However, no matter what approaches he used, he should hold ample evidence because villagers' testimonies had no legal effect. Besides, the most important thing Li Boshou and his wife should do now was to take good care of themselves and lead a happy life. Having heavy burdens did no good to their health at such an age. They meditated for a while and began to get rid of unhappy thoughts.<br /> <br /> ====杨思吟 Yang Siyin====<br /> <br /> 刻不容缓，姚远立即着手调查，认定李柏寿老两口的财务清晰，草牧场补贴中的确包括其儿女的部分。更正厘清这件事需要联系乡政府民政、畜牧、财政等部门，姚远特事特办，专门抽出时间，跑这几个部门，有时候一天跑两三趟，最终再次确认他们老两口同意，将当年的草牧场补贴中他子女的部分如数打到他们各自的一卡通上，这样，按照低保的纳入标准，他们老两口被纳入了低保范围，可以享受相关的国家政策。<br /> 这低保还真是救急。一个月后，李柏寿老伴因为腹部长了一个肿瘤住进了医院，他给姚远打电话的时候声音很低，明显没有了往日的慷慨激昂。姚远有点担心这位老人，利用周末休息的时候，带着孩子到医院去看望了他们，临走的时候给他们留下了二百块钱，让他们买点水果。他们看到姚远的儿子跟妈妈一起来了，由衷地对孩子说，你妈妈真是好干部。 <br /> 老两口的脸上，昔日的怨气和忧愁一点点消失了，工作队又按照一系列扶贫政策，将他家列入全村统一工程，盖了三十平米的新房，拉了电，打了井，老两口感激地说：“七十多岁了，新生活才刚刚开始，多亏有了党的好政策和你们这些好干部。”<br /> <br /> Without delaying, Yao Yuan began to investigate and found that Li Baishou and his wife’ s account was transparent and their subsidies for grass pasture did include their children's parts. A clear understanding and correction of this matter needed to contact the township government civil affairs, animal husbandry, finance sector and other departments. With the principle of applying specific approach for special task, Yao Yuan freed up her time and went to these departments, sometimes two or three times a day. Finally, after reconfirming their consent, their children’s parts of subsidies for grass pasture will be remitted to their accounts respectively. Thus, according to the policy of subsistence allowance, they were incorporated in the group of receiving subsistence allowance and gained access to relevant national policies. This allowance was really a relief. A month later, Li Baishou's wife was taken to hospital because of a tumor in her abdomen. He called Yao Yuan with low voice, bluntly not as impassioned as before. Being a little worried about this old man, Yao Yuan visited this old couple with her children on weekend, leaving two hundred yuan for them to buy some fruit. They saw Yao Yuan's son come with his mother and said to the child heartily, &quot;Your mother is really a good cadre.&quot; Grudge and sorrow on the old couple's faces faded away. In accordance with a series of poverty alleviation policies, his family was incorporated in the village unified project, building a new house of thirty square meters, pulling electricity and drilling a well. The old couple said gratefully, &quot;we are in our 70s now, but our new life just begun, so we are grateful for the Party’s sound policies and you good cadres.&quot;<br /> <br /> Without delay, Yao Yuan began to investigate and found that Li Baishou and his wife’ s account was clear and their subsidies for grass pasture did include their children's parts. To correct and clarify this matter, it was necessary to contact the township government civil affairs, animal husbandry, finance sector and other departments. With the principle of applying specific approach for special task, Yao Yuan found time to go to these departments, sometimes two or three times a day. Finally, after reconfirming their consent, their children’s parts of subsidies for grass pasture would be remitted to their one-card accounts respectively. Thus, according to the policy of subsistence allowance, they were incorporated in the group of receiving subsistence allowance and could enjoy relevant national policies. This allowance was really a relief. A month later, Li Baishou's wife was taken to hospital because of a tumor in her abdomen. He called Yao Yuan with low voice, bluntly not as impassioned as before. Being a little worried about this old man, Yao Yuan visited this old couple with her children on weekend, leaving them two hundred yuan to buy some fruit. They saw Yao Yuan's son come with his mother and said to him heartily, &quot;Your mother is really a good cadre.&quot; Grudge and sorrow on the old couple's faces faded away. In accordance with a series of poverty alleviation policies, his family was incorporated in the village unified project, building a new house of thirty square meters with electricity and a new well. &quot;We are in our 70s now, but our new life just begins. Thanks to the Party’s sound policies and good cadres like you, &quot; the old couple said gratefully.<br /> <br /> ====杨晰微 Yang Xiwei====<br /> <br /> 姚远乘公交车回家，遇到他们老两口去旗里复查，看见姚远上了车，李柏寿急忙从兜里掏出二十元钱给了司机，说是这个闺女的车费。姚远赶紧说这怎么能行，李柏寿说：“行你处处观照俺们，就不行让我们表表心意，有个礼尚往来？书记我们心里啥都明白，明白你真是不容易，平时驻村，周末还经常开会办事，跟孩子在一起的时间太少了，为啥带着孩子去看我们，那不就是舍不得离开孩子，又放不下我们吗。”<br /> <br /> When she took the bus home, Yao Yuan happened to meet the old couple who were going to the county to have a physical reexamination. Seeing that she got on the bus, Li Baishou hurriedly drew out 20 Yuan from his pocket to the driver and said it was the fare for her.<br /> Yao immediately said that it was not appropriate. Li replied:”You can care and help us but don’t let us express our thanks to you. Shall we treat you the way you treat us? Secretary, we are all clear that it is not easy for you. You usually stay in the village and often have meetings and handle affairs on weekends. Therefore, you have little time spending with your child. Why do you bring him to visit us? That is because you are unwilling to leave him while concerning about us.”<br /> <br /> When she took the bus go home, Yao Yuan happened to meet the old couple who were going to the county to have a physical reexamination. Seeing that she got on the bus, Li Baishou hurriedly drew out 20 Yuan from his pocket to the driver and said it was the fare for her.<br /> Yao immediately said that it was not appropriate. Li replied:”You can care and help us but don’t let us express our thanks to you. Shall we treat you the way you treat us? Secretary, we are all clear that it is not easy for you. You usually stay in the village and often have meetings and handle affairs on weekends. Therefore, you have little time spending with your child. Why do you bring him to visit us? That is because you are unwilling to leave him while concerning about us.”<br /> <br /> 理解就是鼓励。李柏寿的话，让姚远眼睛里一下子涌出了泪水。<br /> <br /> Understanding was encouragement. His words made her eyes welled up with tears.<br /> <br /> Understanding was encouragement. His words made her eyes welled up with tears.<br /> <br /> 嘎查有一个患直肠癌的贫困户村民，每个月都需要到赤峰市医院进行化疗，按照旗里的健康扶贫政策，他每次化疗完需要准备好收据、诊断书、药品清单等材料提交到苏木医保所，审核通过后由旗社保局进行医疗费兜底。因为他本身生病，妻子每天忙着照顾他，还要种地喂养牲畜，导致有两次没能按时提交出院材料，未能尽快报销，为他下一次住院增加了经济压力，也使工作队的健康扶贫任务不能很好完成。姚远去看他，说大哥把这件事交给我跑吧。这位大哥说：“可不敢，可不敢，哪能劳动领导呢。”<br /> <br /> There was a poor villager diagnosed with carcinoma of the rectum in Gacha. He had to receive chemotherapy every month in the Chifeng hospital. According to the health poverty alleviation policy of the county, he should prepare such materials as receipt, diagnosis certificate and drug list and hand in them to the village Medical Insurance Institute after each treatment. The county Social Security Bureau would cover his health expenses after approval. Because of his illness, his wife was busy with looking after him and had to farm and feed livestock every day. As a result, they failed to submit the material on time twice and couldn’t reimburse the expenses, which not only added economic pressure on his next treatment but also made it hard to realize the task of poverty alleviation in health. Yao came to see him. ”Let me help you with this matter,”said she. The man refused:”I dare not. I dare not to bother you. You are our leader.” <br /> <br /> There was a poor villager diagnosed with carcinoma of the rectum in Gacha. He have to receive chemotherapy every month in the Chifeng hospital. According to the health poverty alleviation policy of the county, he should prepare such materials as receipt, diagnosis certificate and drug list and hand in them to the village Medical Insurance Institute after each treatment. The county Social Security Bureau would cover his health expenses after approval. Because of his illness, his wife was busy to looking after him and had to farm and feed livestock every day. As a result, they failed to submit the material on time twice and couldn’t reimburse the expenses, which not only added economic pressure on his next treatment but also made it hard to realize the task of poverty alleviation in health. Yao came to see him. ”Let me help you with this matter,”she said . The man refused:”I dare not. I dare not to bother you. You are our leader.” <br /> <br /> 姚远说：“大哥，啥领导啦，叫妹子，我有私家车，一脚油门就去了，别客气。”<br /> <br /> Yao replied:”Brother, what leader? Take me as your sister. I have a car. It is very fast and I can arrive there soon. It is not a big deal.”<br /> <br /> Yao replied:”Brother, what leader? Take me as your sister. I have a car. It is very fast and I can arrive there soon. It is not a big deal.”<br /> <br /> [[Media:Example.ogg]]====余海铭 Yu Haiming====<br /> <br /> 这个正在为此发愁的大哥，一看姚远说得这么实在，每次出院后，就把各种材料原件一并交给姚远，姚远帮他复印后，上报到苏木医保所，审核无误再将原件给他送回去，保证了每次报销的医药费准时到账。有位工作队员说“我们书记够忙的了，这跑来跑去的活儿，不应该是她干的。”姚远赶紧示意他打住。自己乐呵呵说：“一脚油门的事儿，一脚油门到底事儿……” <br /> The elder brother who is worried about it thinks that Yao Yuan is so honest. He gives Yao Yuan the original copies of all kinds of materials every time he leaves the hospital. After Yao Yuan copies them for him, he reports them to the Sumu Medical Insurance Institute, and sends them back to him after they are verified to be correct, ensuring that the medical expenses reimbursed each time will arrive on time. One of the team members said, &quot;Our secretary is busy enough. She shouldn't be the one who does this work.&quot; Yao Yuan quickly reminded him to stop. He said happily: &quot;One foot on the accelerator, one foot on the accelerator...&quot; <br /> <br /> The man who is worried about it gave Yao Yuan the original copies of all kinds of materials every time he left hospital for her sincere words. Then Yao Yuan copied them and reported them to the Sumu Medical Insurance Institute, and sends the original ones back to him after examination, ensuring that the medical expenses will reimburse duly each time. One of the team members said, &quot;Our secretary is busy enough. She shouldn't be the one who runs this kind of errands.&quot; Yao Yuan quickly stop him and said happily herself: &quot;It’s just a piece of cake for me, so it doesn’t matter...&quot; <br /> <br /> 在姚远的眼睛里，只要利于扶贫的，无论大事小事，都是她最愿意干的事儿，都是最值得去做的事。<br /> For Yao Yuan, as long as it is conducive to poverty alleviation, no matter big or small, she is the most willing to do, and is most worth doing.<br /> <br /> For Yao Yuan, as long as conducive to poverty alleviation, she is the most willing to do the work, no matter big or small, and think it’s the most worth doing.<br /> <br /> 嘎查还有一个贫困户的情况个特殊。他叫青格勒图，平时老实巴交，喝点酒，胆子和脾气就不一样了。四年前他想买几头牛，发展家庭畜牧业。手里没钱，赶上有个搞民间借贷的来了，他也是心急吞了热鸡蛋，没多想，借了一万块的高利贷，结果就陷入了烦恼。到日期了，对方来要账，他竭尽所能，到储蓄ATM取了款，就交给了对方，什么凭据也没留，也不知道向对方索回借条。对方拿走了钱，过一段时间又来要，他说还了，对方说没还，冲突就开始了，对方强硬，他心里窝囊，又不敢惹人家。他想打官司又不知道怎么打，找嘎查，嘎查也没有办法帮他，工作队员到他家了解情况，他喝了闷酒，把工作队员给撵了出来。<br /> There is also a special case of poor households in Gacha. His name is Qinggeletu. He is usually honest and friendly . If he drinks some wine, his courage and temper will be different. Four years ago, he wanted to buy some cattle to develop family animal husbandry. Having no money, he caught up with a private lender. He also swallowed hot eggs in a hurry and borrowed ten thousand yuan of usury without much thought. As a result, he got into trouble. When the date came, they asked for the account. He did his best to withdraw the money from the savings ATM and handed it to them. He did not leave any vouchers and did not know how to get the debit note back from them. They took the money and asked for it again after a period of time. He said he would pay it back. They said he had not paid it back. The conflict started. They were tough. He was afraid to provoke them. He wanted to file a lawsuit, but he didn't know how to do it. He asked Gacha, who couldn't help him. The team members went to his home to learn about the situation. He drank too much and drove the team members out.<br /> <br /> There is also a special case of poor households in this village. That is Qinggeletu. He is normally honest and friendly, but will be bald and bad-tempered after drinking. Four years ago, he wanted to buy some cattle to develop individual animal husbandry. Having no money for his plan, he is too impatient and borrowed ten thousand yuan of usury from individual lender without much thought. As a result, he got into trouble. When the deal was due, the lender asked him for paying the debt. He did his best to raise the money, withdrew it from ATM and handed it to them without setting proof or getting the IOU back. They took the money and asked for it again after a period of time. He said he had paid it back but they denied it, which started a conflict. They were tough so he was afraid to provoke them. He wanted to file a lawsuit, but didn't know how to do it. He asked the village government, but it was no use. The public servants went to his home to learn about the situation while he drank too much and kicked them out.<br /> <br /> ====曾晨 Zeng Chen====<br /> <br /> 他是贫困户，为了让他振作精神，尽快致富。姚远亲自去做他的思想工作。姚远说：“我不是来帮助你打官司的，你的官司啊，我看打不赢，法律是讲究证据的，咱们没有证据，空口无凭，得不到法律的支持，打到哪里也赢不了。我是来和你商量商量怎么能把家里的日子过得好起来，咱家基础好，你有养殖这方面的经验，抓上几头母猪，很快就能见到小猪仔，要是咱们富起来了，一万块钱还是事儿吗？用得着愁得天天喝闷酒，气得一宿一宿地睡不着觉吗？”，<br /> 最后，青格勒图听进去了姚远的话，在国家产业扶贫政策支持下，种地，养猪，很快进入良性发展轨道，现在不仅已经脱贫，还过上了越来越富裕的日子，一切忧愁都烟消云散了。<br /> 姚远来到那林高勒嘎查的时候，嘎查有一百三十个贫困户，现在已经全部脱贫。姚远高兴之余，会在下班人静的时候，一个人躲在宿舍里，和远在六十公里之外的儿子来一个视频通话。作为一个母亲，无论工作多么忙，儿子都在她心里最柔软的地方，一分钟都不会离开。儿子刚上小学，他经常问妈妈，别人的妈妈都能参加学校的家长会，你为啥总是好多天让我找不到你，你的家不在咱们家吗？一想到儿子的话，在外人面前女汉子一般的姚远，就会偷偷抹眼泪。<br /> <br /> He is the poorest in the village. In order to cheer him up and earn money as soon as possible, Yao Yuan personally persuade him to fight poverty. Yao Yuan said: &quot;I'm not here to help you fight a lawsuit. I don't think you can win it anyway as the law is evidence oriented. Without evidence there will be no support from the law, and you can win at no chance. I come to discuss with you how to make you live a better life. You has a good chance for your experience in breeding. Buy several sows, and soon there will be piglets. If you find the way to earn money, will ten thousand yuan be a big trouble? Will you still need to be too worried to get drunk every day, or get so angry that can't sleep all night? &quot;, Finally, Qing Geletu followed Yao Yuan's words. With the support of the national industrial poverty alleviation policy, he did farming and raised pigs, soon starting a sound development circle. Now he has not only lifted out of poverty, but also lived a more and more prosperous life. All his worries have gone. When Yao Yuan first came to Nagol Village, there were 130 poor households in this village, but they have all been lifted out of poverty now. Though Yao Yuan was happy about this achievement, she would hide in the dormitory alone after work and have a video call with her son who was 60 kilometers away. As a mother, no matter how busy her work is, her son is always in the softest place in her heart and will not leave for a minute. Her son just went to primary school, and he often asked Yao Yuan, “ Everyone else's mother can attend the parents' meeting of the school and why can’t I always find you for so long? Is your home not in our home? ” Thinking about her son's words, Yao Yuan, a tough and strong woman apparently , would secretly cry.<br /> <br /> He is one of the poor households. In order to cheer him up so that he could earn money as soon as possible, Yao Yuan personally persuade him to fight poverty. Yao Yuan said: &quot;I'm not here to help you fight a lawsuit. I don't think you can win it anyway as the law is evidence-oriented. Without evidence there will be no support from the law, and you can win at no chance. I come to discuss with you how to make you live a better life. You has a good chance for your experience in breeding. Buy several sows, and soon there will be piglets. If you find the way to earn money, will ten thousand yuan be difficult to earn? Will you still need to be so worried that you get drunk every day, or get so angry that you can't sleep all night? &quot;, Finally, Qing Geletu followed Yao Yuan's words. With the support of the national industrial poverty alleviation policy, he did farming and raised pigs, soon starting a sound development circle. Now he has not only been lifted out of poverty, but also lived a more and more prosperous life. All his worries have gone. When Yao Yuan first came to Nagol Village, there were 130 poor households in this village, but they have all been lifted out of poverty now. Though Yao Yuan was happy about this achievement, she would hide in the dormitory alone after work and have a video call with her son who was 60 kilometers away. As a mother, no matter how busy her work is, her son is always in the softest place in her heart and will not leave for a minute. Her son just went to primary school, and he often asked Yao Yuan, “ Everyone else's mother can attend the parents' meeting of the school and why can’t I always find you for so long? Is your home not our home? ” Thinking about her son's words, Yao Yuan, a tough and strong woman apparently , would secretly cry.<br /> <br /> ====张海珊 Zhang Haishan====<br /> <br /> 后来，姚远和爱人商量，一定要让儿子知道妈妈为啥很少有时间陪他，知道还有人过着住旧房子，穿旧衣服，有了病治不起的生活，明白妈妈就是为了让他们也和自己家一样有新房子，有面包，有香肠，有汽车，正在辛苦地工作着。姚远不断把嘎查里的生产生活场景拍成视频，发给儿子看，在她不加班的双休日，节假日，就带儿子到嘎查来，一家人一起到贫困户家慰问，聊天，喝香甜的蒙古奶茶……儿子终于知道了酸奶是用牛奶做的，牛奶是从牛的身体里挤出来的，为了获得多的牛奶，要给牛吃草，要把牛放到草原上去觅食……玉米原来是在泥土里长出来的，肯德基的大烤箱里的奶油玉米，是用地里长出来的玉米烹饪的……那些放牛的人，种玉米的人，不应该是贫困户。<br /> <br /> Later, Yao Yuan and her husband decided to let their son know why his mother rarely had time for him. He should know that there are people who still live in old houses, wear old clothes, who don’t have money to cure disease, understanding that his mother is working hard to let them have the same things they have, new houses, bread, sausages, cars. Yao Yuan kept taking videos of the life in Gacha and send to her son. In her non-working weekends, holidays, she took her son to Gacha, the whole family would go to visit the poor households, have a chat and drink sweet Mongolian milk tea ...... Her son finally knew that yogurt is made from milk, milk is squeezed out of the body of the cow. In order to get more milk, the cows have to forage for grass on grassland...... it turns out that corn is grown in the dirt, and the cream corn in the big oven at KFC is corn grown in the ground ...... those who herd cows and grow corn are not supposed to be poor households.<br /> <br /> Later, Yao Yuan and her husband decided to let their son know why his mother spent less time with him. He should know that there are people who still live in old houses, wear old clothes, who can’t afford medical fees. He must realize that his mother is working hard to let them have the same things they have, including new houses, bread, sausages, cars. Yao Yuan has been taking videos of the life in Gacha and send to her son. On the weekends and holidays, she, together with her son and husband, would go to visit the poorest in the village, have a chat and drink sweet Mongolian milk tea ...... Her son finally knew that yogurt is made from milk, milk is squeezed out of the body of the cow. In order to get more milk, the cows have to forage for grass on grassland...... it turns out that corn is grown in the dirt, and the cream corn in the big oven at KFC is corn grown in the ground ...... those who herd cows and grow corn are not supposed to be poor households.<br /> <br /> 驻村第一年，在年末的考核中，嘎查两委成员、驻村工作队队员、村民代表投票，经上级考核，姚远被评为优秀第一书记，得到三万元驻村补贴，姚远将这些钱拿出一大部分，用到集体伙食和工作支出上。到了今年，赶上疫情，嘎查有两家贫困户没来得及卖牛羊，没有钱缴纳合作医疗金，眼看着到了最后的缴费期限，姚远又默默自掏腰包给他们 解决了困难。<br /> <br /> In the end of the first year’s work review, after the superior assessment Yao Yuan was named excellent first secretary by the members of Gacha’s two committees, members of the village task force, the villagers' representatives, she was awarded 30,000 yuan subsidy for working in the village, Yao Yuan took out a large part of this money and used for collective meals and work expenses. This year, two poor households in Gacha did not have time to sell their cattle and sheep due to the pandemic, so they did not have money to pay the cooperative medical funds, just close to the final deadline for payment, Yao Yuan secretly used her own money to solve their difficulties.<br /> <br /> In the end of the first year’s work review, after the superior assessment Yao Yuan was named excellent first secretary by the members of Gacha’s two committees, members of the village task force, the villagers' representatives, and so she was awarded 30,000 yuan subsidy for working in the village. Yao Yuan contributed a large part of this money to collective meals and work expenses. This year, two poor households in Gacha did not have time to sell their cattle and sheep due to the pandemic, so they can’t pay the cooperative medical funds. Approaching the final deadline for payment, Yao Yuan secretly used her own money to solve their difficulties.<br /> <br /> ====张珂珂 Zhang Keke====<br /> <br /> 2019年下半年，姚远被提拔为苏木的组织委员，这就意味着在第一书记的重担上，又加了一副担子。姚远告诫自己，基层工作任重而道远，不是谁都有机会可以投身到这场历史性的攻坚之战的，能够用自己的奋斗，给别人带来幸福的人，是最幸福的人。想成为中华民族伟大复兴的有用之人，无捷径可走，经风雨、见世面才能壮筋骨、长才干。要做起而行之的行动者、不做坐而论道的清谈客，当攻坚克难的奋斗者、不当怕见风雨的泥菩萨，在摸爬滚打中增长才干，在基层历练中积累经验。<br /> <br /> In the second half of 2019, Yao Yuan was elevated as organizing committee, which means she should be burdened as both the first secretary and organizing committee. Yao Yuan always warned herself that doing bound-level work well has a long way to go and it is hard for one to contribute himself to this critical war. Those who bring happiness to others with their hardships are the happiest persons. There is no short way to be useful for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. One can seek knowledge only by undergoing hardships and seeing the world. We should take actions rather than speaking empty talks. We chose to face the difficulty directly rather than shrink from it. We can accumulate knowledge and experience by fighting against the difficulties at the ground-level work.<br /> <br /> 嘎查里乡亲在传说姚书记提拔了，不给咱们当书记了。没想到，姚远和往常一样，又出现在嘎查的村委会里，贫困户的炕头上，集体的牧场上。在一个工地上，她看见几个年轻人，上午十点就停了工作，坐在一起喝酒。姚远觉得挺奇怪。<br /> <br /> There have been rumors in Ga Licha that the secretary Yao was elevated and she will not serve as its secretary any more. Unexpectedly, Yao Yuan was still in the Gacha village committee, on the bed of the poorest and on the collective grazing land as usual.<br /> <br /> “你们怎么回事，不好好干活，大上午的喝什么酒？”<br /> <br /> She noticed that several young people on a building site stopped working to drink at 10 o’clock am. Yao Yuan questioned them in a surprised voice, “what is this? Why aren’t you working but drinking? ”<br /> <br /> “……” 几个年轻人有点羞愧难言。 <br /> After the words, they were almost speechless in shame.<br /> <br /> ====张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei ====<br /> <br /> “你们是本嘎查的吗？拿来户口或身份证给我看看？”<br /> 几个年轻人，二话没说，就掏出了身份证和户口本给姚远看。<br /> 姚远不由问这几个毫无顾忌的年轻人：“你们知道我是谁吗，就把证件给我看？”<br /> 没想到这几个年轻人异口同声：“认识认识，早就认识。”<br /> 其中一个小青年有点调皮，他嬉皮笑脸地说：“你不就是那个赛……姚书记吗”<br /> 姚远一听噗呲就笑了，她知道他想说的是——你不就是那个赛拜诺书记吗。<br /> 小青年们接下来的话，让姚远深深感动。他们说：“姚书记，你给咱嘎查人办了那么多好事，我们怎能不信服你。咱嘎查里的人都说，你要走了真舍不得，想留你，又怕耽误你前程……”<br /> 姚远说：“那你们听我的，把酒收了，抓紧干活。”<br /> 小青年们果真听话，收了酒，拿起了手中的工具。<br /> 这一幕，印在了姚远儿子的眼睛里，他和父亲一直站在母亲身后。<br /> <br /> “Are you from Ben Gacha? Show me your registered residence or ID card.” Those young people took out their ID cards and household registration to show Yao Yuan without one word. Yao Yuan could not help himself asking these reckless young people, “You guys show me your ID cards without knowing who I am?” Unexpectedly, these young people said with one voice, “Of course, We have known you since long ago.” One of the young men was a bit naughty, he said with a grin, “You are secretary Sai…sorry, I mean secretary Yao.” Yao Yuan laughed when he heard that. She knew what he was trying to say - you are the secretary Sai Bainuo. Yao Yuan was deeply moved by the young people's following words. They said: &quot;Secretary Yao, how can we not trust you, you have done so many good things for us? All the people in Gacha say that they are reluctant to leave you. They want to keep you, but they are afraid of affecting your future...&quot; Yao Yuan said: &quot;Then listen to me, put away the wine, and work hard.” The young people listened to her , accepted the wine and picked up the tools in their hands. This scene was printed in the eyes of Yao Yuan's son, who stood behind his mother with his father.<br /> <br /> “Are you from Ben Gacha? Show me your registered residence or ID card.” Those young people took out their ID cards and household registration to show Yao Yuan without one word. Yao Yuan could not help himself asking these reckless young people, “You guys show me your ID cards without knowing who I am?” Unexpectedly, these young people said with one voice, “Of course, We have known you long ago.” One of the young men was a bit naughty, he said with a grin, “You are secretary Sai…sorry, I mean secretary Yao.” Yao Yuan laughed when he heard that. She knew what he was trying to say - you are the secretary Sai Bainuo. Yao Yuan was deeply moved by the young people's following words. They said: &quot;Secretary Yao, how can we distrust you, you have done so many good things for us！All the people in Gacha say that they are reluctant to leave you. They want to keep you, but they are afraid of affecting your future career...&quot; Yao Yuan said: &quot;Then listen to me, put away the wine, and go to work right now.” The young people listened to her , put away the wine and took up their tools. This scene was printed in the eyes of Yao Yuan's son, who stood behind his mother with his father.<br /> <br /> ====张思诗 Zhang Sishi ====<br /> <br /> 在乌拉布统草原上<br /> <br /> <br /> 说起赤峰市西南部的乌兰布统草原，你即使没有去过，也一定听说过。乌兰布统草原是内蒙古的著名风景区，也是一个有故事的地方。清代这里是皇家木兰围场，也是康熙皇帝以二十万大军歼灭准格尔大汗噶尔丹的古战场。看吧，在起伏辽远的草原上，湖泊、沙地、湿地、林地、河流星罗棋布，回环缭绕，夏季，绿野如翠，净水如玉，百花璀璨，丛林幽幽，冬日，大雪无垠，原驰蜡象，冰清玉洁，有人说这里是整个蒙古高原的缩影，有人说这里是北欧的精粹版。乌兰布统总是让摄影家和游客们流连忘返，点赞不停，没有谁会把眼前的美轮美奂和贫困两个字连在一起，的确，借助身边的风景，靠经营旅游致富，有人成就了自己几辈子的梦想 ，过上了好日子。然而，许多年来，美丽并不是万能的神话，贫困无处不在，乌兰布统苏木最核心的风景地段黄芩塔拉嘎查，就是一个贫困村。<br /> <br /> On the Wulanbutong Grassland<br /> <br /> <br /> When it comes to Wlanbutong Grassland in the southwest of Chifeng City, you must have heard of it even if you have not been there. Wulabutong Grassland is a famous scenic spot in Inner Mongolia and a place with a story. In the Qing Dynasty it was the royal Mulan Paddock and the ancient battlefield where Emperor Kangxi annihilated Kardan, the Great Khan of Jungar, with an army of 200,000. Look at the undulating and distant grasslands, lakes, sands, wetlands, woodlands, and rivers, all of which are dotted and circled. In summer, the green fields are as green as jade, the water is as pure as green jade, the flowers are as bright as jungle, and in winter, the snow is boundless, and the plain is as wax as an elephant, and the ice is as clear as white jade. Wlanbutong always makes photographers and tourists linger and praise, no one will link the beauty with poverty together. Indeed, with the help of the surrounding landscape, by operating tourism to get rich, some people have achieved their lifelong dreams and live a good life. However, for many years, beauty is not a universal myth, and poverty is everywhere. The most central scenic section of Sumu, Wulanbutong, Huangqin Tala Gacha, is a poor village.<br /> <br /> On the Wulanbutong Grassland<br /> <br /> <br /> When it comes to Wlanbutong Grassland in the southwest of Chifeng City, you must have heard of it even if you have not been there. Wulabutong Grassland is a famous scenic spot in Inner Mongolia and a place with story. In the Qing Dynasty it was the royal Mulan Paddock and the ancient battlefield where Emperor Kangxi annihilated Kardan, the Great Khan of Jungar, with an army of 200,000. Looking at the undulating and distant grasslands, lakes, sands, wetlands, woodlands, and rivers, all of which are dotted and circled. In summer, the green fields are as green as jade, the water is as pure as green jade, the flowers are as bright as jungle, and in winter, the snow is boundless, and the plain is as wax as an elephant, and the ice is as clear as white jade. Some say it is a microcosm of the entire Mongolian plateau, others say it is a quintessential version of Northern Europe. Wlanbutong always makes photographers and tourists linger and acclaim, no one wound link the beauty with the poor together. Indeed, taking advantage of the surrounding landscape, by developing tourism to become rich, some people have achieved their lifelong dreams and been living a good life. However, for many years, beauty has not been a universal myth, and poverty phenomenon can be seen everywhere. The most central scenic section of Sumu, Wulanbutong, Huangqin Tala Gacha, is a poor village.<br /> <br /> ====张婷 Zhang Ting====<br /> <br /> 2016年，年轻的代小飞从旗政法委调到乌兰布统苏木人副苏木达，分管全苏木的扶贫工作，兼任黄芩塔拉驻村第一书记，正值国务院印发《“十三五”脱贫攻坚规划》,要求全党动员，全民参与，在全国范围内，各省市自治区按照精准扶贫精准脱贫的基本方略,因地制宜,分类施策，打赢脱贫攻坚战。乌兰布统离克什克腾旗首府经棚镇一百二十公里，代小飞知道自己这一去，不可能每个双休日都能回家，事实上等于把两个孩子和整个一个家都扔给了妻子照管，妻子是旗司法局的办公室主任，工作很忙，身体状况不太好，在单位也承担着两个贫困户的扶贫任务。关于自己家的诸多事情，代小飞不放心，但是也实在不能多想，到了乌兰布统苏木和黄芩塔拉，迎面而来的工作就像一千匹骆驼似地把他包围了。<br /> <br /> In 2016, the young Dai Xiaofei from the flag political and legal committee transferred to Ulan Butong Sumu people deputy Sumu da, in charge of the whole Sumu poverty alleviation work, as well as being the stationed first secretary of Huangqin Tara village. At that time, the State Council issued the &quot;Thirteenth Five-Year Plan&quot; to combat poverty, requiring the mobilization of the whole party, the participation of all people. In the country, all the provinces, cities and autonomous regions should be in accordance with basic strategy of precise poverty alleviation and eradication, trying to win the battle of poverty eradication according to local conditions and classification. Ulaanbaatar was one hundred and twenty kilometers away from the capital of Kashiketeng Banner, Jingbang Town, Dai Xiaofei knew that if he went there, it was impossible to go home every double holiday. Actually he must leave the two children and the whole home to his wife, his wife was the director of the office of the Bureau of Justice, whose work was very busy and health condition was not good. She also undertook the task of poverty alleviation of two poor households. About his family issues, Dai Xiaofei felt uneasy, but he cannot think any more. Upon arriving at Ulanbtan Sumu and Huangqin Tara, the oncoming work was like a thousand camels to surround him.<br /> <br /> In 2016, the young man Dai Xiaofei was transferred from a Qi-level Political and Legal Committee to People Deputy of Ulan Butong Sumu Gacha as the Sumu Da, in charge of local poverty-alleviation work. He was also the stationed first-secretary of Huangqin Tara village. At that time, the State Council issued the “Plan for Poverty Elimination During the Period of the Thirteenth Five-year Plan”, requiring the mobilization of the whole party, the participation of all people. Across the country, every province, every city and every autonomous region should be in accordance with basic strategy of precise poverty alleviation and eradication, trying to win the battle of poverty eradication by adopting different measures suiting circumstances. Ulan Butong was one hundred and twenty kilometers away from the capital of Kashiketeng Banner, Jingbang Town, so Dai Xiaofei knew that if he went there, it was impossible to go home every weekend. Actually he must leave two children and other trifles to his wife. She was the officer director of a Qi-level Bureau of Justice, whose work was very busy and health condition was not good. She also took responsibility for poverty-alleviation of two poor households. Dai Xiaofei worried about his family affairs, but he couldn’t think too much. Upon arriving at Ulanbtan Sumu Gacha and Huangqin Tara Gacha, the oncoming work suddenly surrounded him just like a thousand camels.<br /> <br /> ====张文琦 Zhang Wenqi ====<br /> <br /> 乌兰布统苏木有六个嘎查，二十七个自然村，计三千七百五十八人，如果按平均值计算，人均年收入一万六千元，生活水平是相对富裕的，全苏木还有因老弱病残造成的贫困户二百六十八户，五百九十二人，其中的黄芩塔拉嘎查为2014年建档立卡贫困村，贫困人口比较集中。代小飞接手扶贫工作后，他沉下心来，带领嘎查两委班子、驻村工作队成员开始了摸底走访，在深入全苏木所有贫困户家的过程中，一边详细了解贫困户的生产生活情况、致贫原因、收入来源和发展意愿等基本情况，一边每天读书思考，研究乌兰布统的历史背景、地理环境、如何解决旅游产业和生态保护的矛盾。不停给自己的大脑充电，成了他的必修课。<br /> <br /> Wulanbutong Sumu consists of 6 Gachas and 27 natural villages, with a population of 3,758. Calculated by the average, the annual per capita income could be 16,000 yuan, demonstrating the villagers’ relatively well-off life. While there still existed 268 poor households involving 592 individuals in Wulanbutong Sumu, who suffered poverty as a result of the old age, weakness, diseases and disabilities. In 2014, Huangcentala Gacha was officially registered as a poverty-stricken place, so poor households here were concentrated. After taking over the work to alleviate poverty, Dai Xiaofei buckled down, and led the Gacha’s two committees and other team members to make thorough visits one by one. During his visits, he always made a deep understanding of residents’ basics, such as their production and living conditions, causes of poverty, sources of income and development intentions of poor households. At the same time, he read books every day to study the historical background and geographical environment of Wulanbutong, and to reflect on how to solve the contradiction between tourism industry and ecological protection. Activating the brain at every moment became his compulsory course.<br /> <br /> Consisting of 6 Gachas and 27 natural villages, there are 3,758 people living in Wulanbutong Sumu. Calculated by the average, the annual per capita income could be 16,000 yuan, demonstrating the villagers’ relatively well-off life. However, there were 268 poor households with 592 people suffering poverty due to the old age, weakness, diseases and disabilities. Moreover, Baicala-Taragacha was registered as a poverty-stricken place in 2014, with a relatively high concentration of poor population. After taking over the local poverty alleviation work, Dai Xiaofei settled down, and led the Gacha’s two committee groups and other team members to launch an in-depth investigation into the situation of poor households. During his visits, he got a deep understanding of their basic situations, such as their production and living conditions, causes of poverty, sources of income and willingness to develop. At the same time, through reading and thinking, he continued to study the historical background and geographical environment of Wulanbutong so as to protect the ecological environment while pursuing tourism development. Activating his brain at every moment was his compulsory course.<br /> <br /> ====周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan====<br /> <br /> 乌兰布统草原地广人稀，建国后除了部队的军马场在此驻扎，从事牧业生产的人口并不多，后来当地出台土政策，交一千元就可以迁入，可享受当地牧民待遇，因此外来人口陆续涌入，这些人口的背景很多样，大多数是从贫困地区来的，他们到乌兰布统，一开始放羊放牛放马，后来跟着市场潮流，做起了旅游，一般都是养几匹马，为游客骑行牵马服务。旅游业发展起来之后，很多外地的个体经营者，来到这里建立宾馆酒店，建立娱乐设施，经营旅游，使人口组成更加多元。因此这里虽然是牧区，很多人会说蒙语，但是人们的思维习惯还是以农耕文化和商品意识为基础的，比一般牧区的问题复杂一些。<br /> 刚到不久，代小飞就遇上一件生气的事儿。有一个叫李生宝的牧民，为了占便宜，在政府给牧民投放建立牲畜舍饲棚圈专项扶贫款的时候，和一家不想建棚圈的贫困户私下交易，顶替冒名使用这个贫困户的扶贫款，在自己家院子里盖了一个棚圈。代小飞入户调研的时候，已核对过材料，却发现贫困户的院子里并没有建起来棚圈，于是追问起来，贫困户便支支吾吾地说不清了，代小飞说这是政府给的扶贫补助款，你不发展生产，就不能拨款了。<br /> <br /> With wide land and sparse population, there were not many people engaged in husbandry except for the army horse ranch in the Ulanbu grassland after the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Later, the local government introduced the policy that people could move into this place and enjoy the same treatment as local herdsmen if they paid 1,000 yuan. After the implementation of this policy, there was an influx of people from a variety of backgrounds, mostly from poor areas. They went to Ulan Butong and started herding sheep, cattle and horses at first. Later, following the market trend, they started to engage in tourism, raising several horses and serving tourists by leading horses. Because of the flourishment of local tourism, a lot of out-of-town self-employed people came here to establish hotels, build entertainment facilities, and operate tourism, which made population more diverse here. The grassland was a pastoral area with many people speaking Mongolian, but people’s thinking habits were still based on farming culture and commodity awareness, which made problems here more complex than that in other areas. For example, not long after his arrival, Dai Xiaofei came across an infuriating accident caused by a herdsman named Li Shengbao. Out of his greed, Li made a private deal with a poor family who did not want to build a shelter and used the money to build a shelter in his own yard when the government allocated special funds for herdsmen to build a shelter for livestock. Having checked the list, Dai Xiaofei turned out to find that there was no shelter for livestock in the poor family. When pressed, the poor family’s voice faltered. Seeing that, Dai pointed out that the money was the special funds for poor family which was allocated by the government. And if the poor family don’t use it for production development, the family could not receive the money again.<br /> <br /> ====周子豪 Zhou Zihao ====<br /> <br /> 贫困户只好说实话，原来他的建棚圈补贴项目转手给李生宝了。代小飞说，你领我去，我要见到实物，国家的补贴，一分钱也不能乱用。结果到了李生宝家一看，他家院里果然建起来了一个新棚圈。代小飞说，咋回事儿，你们要说实话。李生宝就是不说，代小飞便一语戳穿——你们这是冒名顶替，是犯法的事儿，我是绝对不能把扶贫款批给你们的。<br /> 代小飞这句话还没落地，李生宝蹭一下冲到了代小飞面前，一副地痞的架势，开口就骂人，使的全是不能重复的低级语言。代小飞完全没有思想准备，愣在那里半天才缓过神来，他说，你不要骂人，我是文明人，不能和你对骂，但是我要告诉你，不论如何你怎么闹，我就是要扣发这笔钱。李生宝一听，撸胳膊挽袖子，一边在身边踅摸打人的东西，一边就冲过来了，嘴里嚷着，你不发钱我就上告……代小飞也火了，他用胳膊一顶拦住了这个发疯的人，可是转身的时候却发现，院子里已经围了很多村民，他们不吱声，干看着，不知道揣的是什么心思。后来一调查，原来嘎查里，还有十几户使用这种冒名顶替的办法廉价转出了扶贫专项款指标，让别人家盖了棚圈。代小飞的话，令嘎查里弥漫起一种剑拔弩张的气氛，十几户擅自低价转手棚圈专项扶贫款的人家，加上十几户擅自接受的人家，在嘎查也是一股不小的力量，一时间，代小飞不论行动起居，都能感觉到背后有冷冷的目光。<br /> <br /> The impoverished family had no choice but to speak the truth. It turned out that his subsidy for barn was transfered to Li Shengbao. Hearing these, Dai Xiaofei said to him, &quot;Show me the way. I must see the barn. Not a penny of the coutry's subsidy should be wasted and abused.&quot; When they finally arrived at Li's house they saw the new-built barn as expected in the yard. &quot;What's the story?&quot; Dai said, &quot;You must tell the truth!&quot; As silent as Li was, Dai confided the truth for him, &quot;This is impostery! This is illegal! I cannot approve the subsidy to you!&quot; Immediately after his words Li dashed in front of Dai like a ruffian swearing with the most vulgar language, for which Dai was certainly not prepared and thus stunned for quite a while. After he recovered from it he said, &quot;Do not swear. I'm a civilised man and I won't call your name back, but I must tell you however unreasonable you are, I will withhold the money.&quot; Irritated by the words, Li rolled his sleeves and fumbled for weapons to attack him, mumbling how he will report him if he withhold the money. Infuriated as well, Dai raised the arms to defense the frenzied attack. When he turned around he noticed many villagers has been gathering around. They were all standing there silently whose inner thoughts no one knows until Dai's investigation. It turned out that they, as Li had done, have all sold their quotas of poverty-alleviation subsidy for a good price with which the buyers have built their own barns. The words of Dai provoked a tensive atmosphere in Gachari. The dozens of sellers and buyers has formed a strong power. From then on, no matter what he does, Dai can feel chilling eyes of villages from back.<br /> <br /> ====庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====<br /> <br /> 草原上的人们饮酒放歌，本是一种于冰天雪地孤独寂寞中生产生活留下的习俗。长期以来，酒就是一把涂上了麻药的双刃剑，给人的东西看上去是快乐，实际上是混沌和鲁莽。牧民每天牵着马，跟着游客在草原上走来走去，每天骑着马赶着羊群翻山过河，辛苦之余，便沉迷在酒杯里，吃一顿饭，喝半天酒，那是常态。代小飞初来乍到，最犯愁的就是组织牧民们开会，特别是在下午，每次连三分之一的人也来不了，来了也带着醉意，你在上边讲，他在底下唱，不高兴了就骂人。酒还是贫困的孪生兄弟，贪酒之人，往往就变得懒惰，变得冲动愚鲁。记得有一次，开会认定贫困户，有个牧民就离了歪斜地站出来了——那谁谁谁能当贫困户，我为什么不能当？代小飞说，对贫困户的认定是有具体条件的，你没困难，争这点待遇干什么，当贫困户光荣吗？当上贫困户是为了摘掉贫困户的帽子，不是一天到晚晒太阳，等着政府送小康，你懂不懂？结果，那个牧民就耍上了酒疯，会被搅乱了，自己还生了一肚子气。怎么办？老村干部老党员们说，酒这个事儿一时是治不了了，等到下一代人的生活不苦了，酒鬼就会少了。代小飞半夜睡不着觉，苦苦琢磨，终于想了一招儿，从那以后把会都安排在上午开，上午人是清醒的。 <br /> <br /> People on the grassland drink and sing, which is a custom left by the lonely production and life in the world of ice and snow. For a long time, wine has been a double-edged sword coated with anesthetic, giving people something that looks happy, but is actually chaotic and reckless. Herdsmen lead horses every day, follow tourists to and fro on the grassland, ride horses and drive sheep across mountains and rivers every day, after hard work, they indulge in wine cups, eat a meal, drink half a day's wine, that is normal.When Dai Xiaofei first arrived, the most worrying thing was to organize a meeting of herdsmen, especially in the afternoon. Every time, even one third of the people could not come. When they came, they were drunk. You talked at the top, he sang at the bottom, and cursed when they were unhappy. Wine is also the twin brother of poverty, and people who are greedy for wine tend to become lazy and impulsive.I remember one time when a poor household was identified at a meeting, a herdsman stood up askew-who can be a poor household, why can't I be one? Dai Xiaofei said that there are specific conditions for the identification of poor households. You have no difficulties. Why do you fight for this treatment? Is it glorious to be a poor household? To be a poor household is to take off the hat of a poor household, not to bask in the sun all day long, waiting for the government to send a well-off, do you understand?As a result, the herdsman was drunk and mad, and would be disturbed, and he was angry. What to do? Old village cadres and Party members say that alcohol can't be cured for a while, and when the next generation's life is not bitter, there will be fewer drunkards. Dai Xiaofei couldn't sleep in the middle of the night. He thought hard and finally thought of a way. From then on, the meeting was arranged in the morning. People were awake in the morning.<br /> <br /> People on the grassland drink and sing, which is a custom left by the lonely production and life in the world of ice and snow. For a long time, wine has been a double-edged sword coated with anesthetic, giving people something that looks happy but chaotic and reckless. Herders lead horses every day, follow tourists to and fro on the grassland, ride horses and drive sheep across mountains and rivers every day. After hard work, they indulge in wine cups, eat a meal, and drink half a day's wine, which is normal. When Dai Xiaofei first arrived, the most worrying thing was organizing a herders meeting, especially in the afternoon. Every time, even one-third of the people could not come. When they arrived, they were drunk. You talked at the top, and he sang at the bottom and cursed when they were unhappy. Wine is also the twin brother of poverty, and people who are greedy for wine tend to become lazy and impulsive. I remember once when a meeting was held to identify poor households. A herdsman stood up to ask: &quot;That man could be a poor household. Why can't I be one? &quot;Dai Xiaofei answered:&quot; there are specific conditions for identifying poor households. You have no difficulties. Why do you fight for this treatment? Is it glorious to be identified as a poverty-stricken household? To be identified as a poor household is to get rid of poverty, not to bask in the sun all day long, waiting for the government to send a well-off, do you understand?&quot; As a result, the herdsman was drunk and mad and would be disturbed and angry. What to do? Old village cadres and Party members said that the problem of alcohol couldn't be cured for a while, and when the next generation's life is not bitter, there would be fewer drunkards. Dai Xiaofei couldn't sleep in the middle of the night. He thought hard and finally thought of a way. From then on, the meeting was arranged in the morning, as people were awake in the morning.<br /> <br /> <br /> *Go to last section of the translation: [[Chunfeng_EN_2]]<br /> *Go to next section of the translation: [[Chunfeng_EN_4]]</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Chunfeng_EN_3&diff=149356 Chunfeng EN 3 2022-11-01T05:18:38Z <p>Li Hong: /* 李鸿 Li Hong */</p> <hr /> <div>*Back to the [[Book_projects]]<br /> *For the students of the MA class [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022]]: The Wiki Admin will distribute the paragraphs to you and indicate your names beneath in the text. The Wiki admin will add the student names.<br /> *For the students of the BA class [[Translation Theory ZH-DE 2022]]: Please select another book project, which is translated into German. The Wiki admin will add the student names.<br /> <br /> This page originally only contained the Chinese text. Now the English translation is added. Therefore the page gets too long and may exceed the database space for each webpage one day. In order to avoid this, the text now is split into 5 sections. You can jump directly to the sections here:<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN]] with discussion table / list of terms<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_1]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_2]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_3]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_4]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_5]]<br /> <br /> == '''Discussiontable''' ==<br /> <br /> …for a consistent translation of:<br /> - names of places, people etc <br /> - titles of literary, historical works<br /> - technical terms<br /> - quotes<br /> - idioms, figures of speech<br /> <br /> (Please record here recurring words with the respective translation, your name, date and comments, if there are any. You may also suggest and discuss changes.)<br /> <br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Chin. Origial''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Translation''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Date/Translator''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Comments''' <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> <br /> ====白婷 Bai Ting ====<br /> <br /> 沙地变绿了，集体经济开始壮大，为了改善牧民的生活水平，在根登老书记带领下，合作社先后办起了缝纫厂、乳粉厂、酿酒厂、修配厂，还建起了沼气池。在遥远闭塞的草原深处，在落后贫困的生活状况中，他们创造了崭新的好日子。我看见了，照片上旧日的蹦蹦房，茅草房，也看见了牧民在沙地工厂里劳动的情景；我看见了整体搬到馆内的当初老书记的故居，真的是简朴到现在的人们无法想象，报纸糊墙，唯一的家具就是那张油漆脱落的小炕桌，僧格苏木达告诉我，老书记直到去世，一直在乌兰敖都嘎查过着一个普通农民的生活。我还看到，合作社的工厂却是另一番气派——酿酒的蒸馏器，加工面粉的电磨，十数台脚踏缝纫机，院子里的东方红拖拉机，马拉收割机，都是当时最先进的，最高档的。<br /> 僧格苏木达徐徐道来——日子越过越红火，乌兰敖都社员的集体主义精神越高涨，干劲倍增，每一个人都把希望和幸福和合作社连在一起，他们自力更生，艰苦奋斗，用辛勤的汗水，浇灌着社会主义新牧区的田园。那时候，乌兰敖都合作社社员们的平均工资可观，已经高过当地普通干部的收入，家家户户都住进了有玻璃窗和电灯的新房，许多社员家里买上了收音机，缝纫机，钟表，挂钟，乌兰敖都的小伙子成了周边草原姑娘们心中的金鞍骏马。<br /> <br /> As the sand turned green, the collective economy began to expand. To improve the living standards of herders, the old secretary Gengden had led the cooperative to set up a sewing factory, a milk powder factory, a winery, a repair factory, and a digester successively. Backward and poor as the living conditions were, they created a new good day in the depth of the grassland that was remote and closed. I saw pictures of old trampolines and thatched houses, pastoralists working in sand factories, and the former residence to which the secretary had moved wholly. The house was really simple and unimaginable to people today, as the wall was plastered with newspaper, and the only furniture was the small Kang table with paint falling off. <br /> Sangge Sumuda told me that the old secretary had lived as simple a life in Ulan Aodugacha as an ordinary farmer until his death. I also saw a different scene in the factories of the cooperative —— a still to make wine, an electric mill to process flour, a dozen treadle sewing machines, a Dongfanghong tractor in the yard, and a horse harvester, all of which were the most advanced and upscale of their times. <br /> Sengge Sumuda spoke out—— the better the days went, the higher spirit of collectivism the members of Ulan Aodu Cooperative had, and the more vigorous they were. Every one of them connected their hope and happiness with the cooperative so that they irrigated the countryside of the new socialist pastoral area with their efforts and hard work. At that time, the members of Ulan Aodu Cooperative enjoyed an average salary considerable and higher than that of ordinary local cadres. In this case, every family lived in a new house with glass windows and electric lights. Many members purchased radios, sewing machines, clocks, and wall clocks. And the boys of Ulan Aodu became the golden horses of the girls in the surrounding grasslands.<br /> <br /> ====蔡思 Cai Si ====<br /> <br /> 2016年，阿什罕苏木政府为弘扬乌兰敖都畜牧合作社的光荣传统，在原乌兰敖都嘎查老村部院落基础上复原建立了这个纪念馆，真实地再现了乌兰敖都畜牧业合作社从酝酿建立到发展壮大的全过程。这个陈列馆所保留的既是历史的记忆，也是老书记留下的宝贵精神财富，激励着草原上的人们继续前行。 <br /> 我站在根登书记的照片下，久久仰望。根登同志，1950年加入中国共产党，1952年带领十八户贫苦牧民办起牧区第一个牧业合作社，先后担任合作社主任、大队党支部副书记、书记，多次被评为旗、盟、热河省、内蒙古自治区劳动模范，两次被评为全国劳动模范，十次出席省、自治区、全国农牧业先进集体代表会议。1957年2月，根登参加了全国七千人劳模大会，并在中南海受到了毛泽东、周恩来、邓小平、彭德怀等党和国家领导人的接见。此后，又在1958年、1959年、1967年三次受到毛泽东等中央领导的接见；1978年2月，根登受到华国锋、叶剑英、邓小平等中央领导的接见；1981年11月，受到邓小平等中央领导的接见。1978年根登当选为五届全国政协委员 。 <br /> <br /> ====陈婧 Chen Jing====<br /> <br /> 僧格苏木达说，到阿什罕，还必须要到沙地里走一走看一看，才能理解根登老书记当年的苦心，才能感受到新一代阿什罕人誓将黄沙变绿野的雄心壮志。阿什罕苏木党委和政府带领广大农牧民群众，通过治沙，令百万亩沙丘旧貌变新颜，使得一大批贫困户脱贫摘帽，阿什罕苏木所辖的乌兰敖都嘎查，昔日辉煌重现，今日尽显新貌。听了僧格苏木达的介绍，我不由心向往之。<br /> 车沿穿沙公路慢行，窗外是碧蓝的天，洁白的云，布满草木的沙原呈现无边的金色，虽然正值初冬，我看不见绿野繁花的景象，但是我凭借对草原的熟知，慢慢地从一片金黄中辨识出了不同的草木。最多的应该是白拧条、黄柳、沙打旺等，看来固沙治沙，还得依靠这些草原本土的耐寒耐旱植物。从草木植被的密度看，科尔沁沙地虽然流动性大，但是有机质含量较高，只要把沙子固定住，植物的成活率还是很高的。可谓，治理前，白沙茫茫，草原千疮百孔，一片荒芜，治理后，绿海无垠，大野芳菲，到处生机盎然。<br /> <br /> ====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====<br /> <br /> 阿什罕苏木因治沙成果显著，先后荣获全国防沙治沙先进集体荣誉称号、内蒙古自治区民族团结进步模范集体称号，乌兰敖都嘎查被评为全国民族团结进步模范集体，阿什罕的治沙成果还引起了了联合国的关注，有的国家慕名派人到这里参现学习，把阿什罕的经验带到了四面八方。<br /> 僧格苏木达介绍，阿什罕苏木总土地面积的百分之八十都是沙地，当地曾流传这样的顺口溜，“人迷眼，马失蹄，白天点灯不稀奇”，道出了当时恶劣的沙化环境。从2009年起阿什罕人以老书记为榜样，使用“一路治沙”模式，打响了治沙攻坚战，先后修通了三条总长一百余公里的穿沙公路。经过几年建设，植被覆盖率由过去的21.9%，增加到60%。全苏木一百一十七万亩沙化土地，均得到了有效的控制和综合治理。为了这片绿洲，一代代治沙人贡献了最宝贵的青春芳华，奉献了全部的力量和智慧。几年来，苏木采取超常规举措，打造现代生态产业集群，在生态扶贫方式等方面，进行了大胆创新，创造了一个符合苏木实际的特色扶贫治富模式。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====陈思阳 Chen Siyang====<br /> <br /> 目前全苏木沙地上的公益林达到十八万亩，其中十二万亩归贫困户所有，年公益林补助资金二百余万元，苏木的一千一百多贫困人口，人均获利一千余元；全苏木共招聘护林员八十四名，其中包括四十六名贫困户，他们每人年收入达一万元；苏木投资近百万元，从吉林引进加工设备，在苏木六个嘎查各安装一条生产线，把含高蛋白的白柠条等沙生植物加工成饲草料，全苏木有白柠条面积六十余万亩，通过隔年倒茬生态良性循环方式，分三批平茬，一年二十万亩，一亩可获利二百元，这样一年可创产值四千余万元，让群众获利；苏木投入资金二百多万元，高标准建设了乌兰敖都嘎查宝门银沙海生态旅游景区，带动一百多贫困户发展肉食、奶食、民族刺绣等产业，户均年增收一万余元，实现了旅游精准扶贫，达到共同富裕的目标。<br /> 僧格苏木达随手从地下捡起一些他们种下的植物残枝落叶，一一告诉我哪一种可以做牛羊饲料，是如何原生态又富于营养；哪一种可以编织柳条手工艺，在国际市场上广受青睐，哪一种可以加工成建筑材料……这片绿洲已经给予了深爱故乡、治沙不止的阿什罕人丰厚的回报。 <br /> <br /> <br /> ====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====<br /> <br /> 在陪同我参观的过程中，我多次听到僧格苏木达的电话铃声响起，他太忙了，总有处理不完的事情，解决不完的问题。自从开始脱贫攻坚决胜之战，他不仅一天都没有休息过，还要把一天二十四个小时当成四十八个小时使用，已经数不清开了多少个会，多少次踏入贫苦户的家门。<br /> <br /> I heard Monk Sumu Da’s phone ringing for many times while he was accompanying my tour. He was so busy, always having too many things to handle and too many problems to solve. Since the decisive battle against poverty began, he has not only never rested, but also used 24 hours as 48 hours. We can’t count how many meetings he held and how many poor households he visited and helped.<br /> <br /> 干工作，他主张民字为本、实字为先、干字当头，自己首先身体力行，为了提高工作效率，他要求苏木食堂每天早晨提前一个小时开饭，吃饭时部署当天任务；晚上听取各工作队工作情况汇报，为第二天工作如何开展及早谋划。<br /> <br /> As for work, Sumu Da advocated “people is the basis, real progress is the priority, working hard is the first thing to do”, and he did this in person. In order to improve work efficiency, he asked the Sumu Canteen to open an hour earlier every morning, all workers should deploy today’s tasks during breakfast; in the evening, each task force should report today’s working conditions and make an early plan for the next day’s work.<br /> <br /> 为了重点解决“两不愁、三保障”方面存在的问题，他统领全体干部，对苏木一千九百五十六户常住户开展了四次一户不落的全面摸排调查工作，共发现危房改造、安全饮水、健康扶贫、道路交通、电力保障等影响高质量脱贫方面的问题三十六个，他一方面及时召开班子会研究解决办法，一方面积极与上级有关部门联系沟通，促使问题全部得到解决。<br /> <br /> To make major efforts to solve problems occurring in “two assurances and three guarantees”, he guided all the cadres to conduct 4 overall searches of 1,956 resident households in Sumu village. They found 36 problems in the rebuilding of dilapidated houses, drinking water safety, health-related poverty alleviation, road traffic, and power security, which have been impacting the proceeding of high-quality poverty alleviation. He not only held a timely group meeting to study the solution to those problems, but also actively communicated with the superior departments concerned, so as to promote solving all problems.<br /> <br /> ====丁粤 Ding Yue====<br /> <br /> 僧格苏木达深知，贫困群众自身创业门路不多，市场风险大等，于是实施了“党支部+合作社+基地+贫困户”的运作模式,以六十二家产业园、专业合作组织、家庭牧场和养殖大户为抓手，推动整个苏木舍饲高效畜牧业迅速发展。牧业年度牲畜存栏达到15.079万头只， 同时拉动地区民族手工艺品、绿色肉奶产品走向外埠市场；还通过政府补贴形式在那林高勒嘎查新建两千亩高标准绿色有机水稻基地，通过深加工精包装，品牌打造出售，使牧民人均增收一千五百元以上。针对苏木地广人稀，居住分散的情况，他积极想办法，多方协调，为全苏木六个嘎查、二十二个自然村全部修通了硬化路，为八十五户沙漠深处的牧民安装上风光互补发电设备，解决了他们的用电问题。他带领全苏木七千多党员干部和牧民群众，为打赢脱贫攻坚战奋力拼搏 ，2018年达到四个重点贫困嘎查全部出列，2019年底， 阿什罕高日苏嘎查代表苏木接受了市级初审，以零问题的成绩得到肯定。高日苏、珠日干格日两个嘎查接受了自治区第三方评估验收和国家成效考核，均取得较好成绩。全苏木共有四百八十户、一千一百六十名贫困群众如期脱贫，贫困发生率下降至0.09%<br /> <br /> ====付静 Fu Jing====<br /> <br /> “脚下沾有多少泥沙，心中就有多少真情。”初冬的夕阳映照着僧格苏木达黝黑的脸庞，草屑沾满了他的裤腿，泥沙覆盖了他的双脚。战斗正未有穷其，路漫漫兮修远，他的眼睛里充满憧憬和豪情，按照党中央国务院的要求，脱贫不摘帮扶，扶贫攻坚决胜之年，新农村振兴的蓝图已经展现在阿什罕的大地上，在中国走向辉煌的历史的进程中，老书记根登的脚印历历在目，新书记僧格任重而道远。 <br /> 当我们趟过灌木草丛，离开阿什罕治沙现场的时候，天地无垠，万籁俱寂，这里的草原静悄悄。但是我知道这里的每一个生命都没有沉睡，都在冬天里无声地成长，我闭上眼睛，眼前浮现出一片萋萋沃野，玫紫色的羊柴，被我们草原孩子称为鸡蛋花的白拧条花，像小米般一粒粒鹅黄淡紫的草苜蓿花，还有那隐于草丛中山兔、狐狸、野鸡，顷刻间都栩栩如生地呼唤着我，仿佛有阵阵芬芳将我包围，我真的激动了，为这片失而复得的福地，为这片起死回生的草原，为阿什罕人亲手缔造的日月新天。<br /> <br /> &quot;The more dirt is under the feet, the more true love is in the heart.&quot; The setting sun in early winter shone on Sange Sumuda's dark face, grass clippings stained his trouser legs and silt covered his feet. The battle was not over and there was a long way to go, but his eyes were full of longing and pride. Poor regions could still get government support and help after they were lifted out of poverty at the request of the Party Central Committee and the State Council. In the decisive year of poverty alleviation, the blueprint for the revitalization of the new countryside had been shown on the land of Ashkand and in the process of China's history to the glory. The footprints of the old secretary Gendeng were visible, and the new secretary Singh with heavy responsibility had a long way to go. When we walked through the bushes and grasses and left the Ashkand sand control site, the world was boundless and quiet.But I knew that every life here was not sleeping but growing silently in the winter. I closed my eyes and all the images rose in front of me: a vast fertile field with rose-purple Hedysarum mongdicum Turz Var, white flowers of Intermediate peashrub called egg flowers by children living on the grassland, the light-yellow and lavender alfalfa flowers shaped like grains of millet, as well as hares, foxes and pheasants hidden in the grass. For a moment, it seemed that all these were calling to me vividly and I was surrounded by bursts of fragrance. I was so excited for the recovered blessed land, for the revived grassland, and for the new life created by the Ashland’s themselves.<br /> <br /> ====高燕 Gao Yan====<br /> <br /> 咬钢嚼铁的女支书<br /> 一<br /> <br /> 赤峰人能说会道，词儿硬，他们的语言带着大兴安岭山地的鲜活以及农耕文明的机智,风格极其鲜明。在赤峰行走采访，他们嘴里的两个当地常用语给我留下深刻印象，一个是咬钢嚼铁，另一个是快马急枪。 <br /> 快马急枪的事儿咱后说，先说咬钢嚼铁。一个敢于用尽生命之力，去攻克不可想象的困难，犹如用牙齿去嚼铁，终于把铁给嚼碎了的人，你想他的主意得多正，耳朵根子得多硬，意志得有多坚强？<br /> 这个人还是位女性，今年快五十了，不知道哪个记者给开的个头，网上都叫她萌婶儿。<br /> 她就是赤峰市松山区大庙乡党委副书记兼小庙子村党总支书记赵会杰。<br /> 赵会杰胖乎乎的，大脸盘，大眼睛，见面就带笑，笑得眉毛弯弯的，眼睛装着一个闪光的水葡萄。她和你握一下手，那手上的力量会告诉你，她在实心实意地对待你。萌婶儿这个称呼，亲切又可爱，不过，要是想讲好赵会杰的故事，绝不是萌婶儿一个称呼所能概括得了的。<br /> <br /> ====关娜 Guan Na====<br /> <br /> 贫困山村的农家媳妇，中国最基层的农村干部，让一个贫穷小山村走上幸福之路的致富带头人、金牌法律调解人、当面向总书记汇报扶贫工作的全国人大代表……赵会杰的后面，是一条色彩斑斓的河。<br /> 赵会杰本不是小庙子村的孩子，她出生在五十公里之外的初头朗镇福山庄。福山庄附近有个国营金矿，赵会杰高中毕业就在金矿上当了工人，属于最一线的工种，每天在矿石里寻找宝贵的金子，方法是挺原始的，用手工水洗淘金，对于一个女孩子，当然是很吃苦的。没想到还真淘到了金子，这金子就是相伴她一路走来的丈夫吕福永。<br /> 吕福永在矿里生产科搞测绘，是小庙子村人。小庙子村的贫困远近闻名，不过面对有技术，肯努力，踏踏实实的这么一个好青年，赵会杰和所有恋爱中的女孩儿一样，心里唯有那双真诚的眼睛和温情的臂湾，不会考虑穷富之类的事情。后来，国营金矿解体，赵会杰和吕福永可以选择到另外一个国营煤矿工作，那样的话，吕福永可以留在福山村，和赵会杰结婚生子，过着每天可以吃上大米饭的好日子。可是吕福永想回小庙子村，毕竟是父母在，不远游，他想的更多的是整个一个家。这时刻赵会杰心里开始乱了，一个农村长大的孩子，最懂得吃饱穿暖的重要意义，她见过每天处于饥寒交迫的同龄人，她知道对于他们来说，青春就是沦入垄沟的花瓣，爱情就是顷刻间从花瓣上掉下来摔碎的露珠，最不可知的就是未来。她还没有足够的勇气去面对这一切，她经常会半夜醒来，发现自己的脚正踏在一个悬空的门槛之上。<br /> <br /> <br /> A woman in a poverty village, a official at the basic level, led the poor village on the path to happiness, who was also a gold medal mediator and a deputy to the National People's Congress who reported the work of poverty alleviation to the General secretary... She was not born in Xiaomiaozi village, but 50 kilometers away in Fushan village of Chutoulang town. There is a state-owned gold mine near it, where she worked as a worker after graduating from the high school. She was in the front line, which was to search for precious gold from the ore every day. It was difficult for her to find gold in this original way. However, it was unexpected that she found the gold, that is, her husband Lu Fuyong who accompanied her all the time.Lu Fuyong,a native of Xiaomiaozi village, conducted the surveying and mapping in the production section of the same mine. Although this village was known for its poverty, Zhao, like other girls,ignored this point instead of his sincere eyes and warm arms in the face of such a good youth who was skilled and hardworking.Later,the mine was disintegrated, and they could choose to work in another state-owned coal mine. In that case, they would get married and raise children, staying in Fushan village and leading a comfortable life.But Lu Fuyong wanted to go back to his hometown to live with the whole family because of the traditional thought. At this moment Zhao fell into chaos because it was important for a person grown up in rural areas to eat her fill and wear warm clothes. She met her peers in the cold and hunger, and for them, the youth was the flower petals falling into the ditch, love was the dew dropping down from the petals all of a sudden, and what was unknown was the future. She found that she was not brave enough to face it, so she would often wake up at midnight, finding her feet on a dangling threshold.<br /> <br /> ====郝天钰 Hao Tianyu ====<br /> <br /> 姥姥说话了——你看中的不是那个人吗？人忠厚有心，比地里的庄稼可靠。庄稼有大年小年，日子有三十年河东三十年河西，你嫁的是人。<br /> 一直到现在，用自己的智慧和双手，将小庙子村的日月换了新天的赵会杰，心智成熟、经过风雨也见过世面的赵会杰，依然还会这样说——我这辈子敬的信的人有多位，其中我姥姥是在第一位的，我姥姥对我的人生影响最大。<br /> 姥姥是个普通的农家母亲，也是一个非凡的女性。姥姥原是一个农村大户人家的女儿，家境优渥，得益于家教，略可识文断字，当年可谓凤毛麟角。姥姥嫁给了门当户对英俊有才的姥爷，过上了衣食无忧的日子，用她老人家的话说，年轻时手皮脸皮都是薄薄的，手没拿过锄头，肩没抗过柴木。不料命运斗转，姥爷某一次离家后便永无了音讯。姥姥手边有一个三岁的女孩，就是赵会杰的大姨，肚子里正怀着赵会杰的母亲。<br /> 也曾泪水洗面。姥姥最终做出了决定，委屈一点自己无妨，要让自己的孩子活下去。她嫁给了村中的一位憨厚贫穷的农民。她告诉赵会杰，生了你妈妈，又生了你三个舅舅，我啥活儿都能干了，种地，放羊，进林子打柴火，上山采榛子、蘑菇，啥啥也不比别人家的媳妇差，还练就了一手好针线活儿。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====<br /> <br /> 赵会杰打小就是在姥姥家长大的，她每天都在姥姥家的厨房里转，因姥姥家的梁上吊着一个筐，筐里总是装着玉米面白面混合的饽饽，大大的，暄腾腾的，一入口，那香甜味儿，立马让人忘掉全世界。姥姥家过得好，仓里有余粮，手里有余钱，房子是瓦盖的，圈里有猪有羊。姥爷总是笑呵呵地说，咱家是老婆儿主事儿，你姥姥劳苦功高，姥姥说，吃不穷穿不穷，算计不到才受穷。三个舅舅被姥姥培养成了有文化、有孝心的人，姥姥的晚年很是幸福。<br /> 一九九一年，赵会杰出嫁，她是坐着乡间班车去的小庙子村。车上有送亲的娘家人，也有接亲的婆家人。班车一路向西，在大山沟里穿行。看不到一马平川的庄稼，也看不到郁郁葱葱的植被，昏黄色的山沟里，只有一条清澈的河在流淌，那就是小庙子村赖以生存的母亲河——阴河。不知道是谁那么不会唠嗑，竟然和新娘子说，看到那个最秃的山头，你就可以下车了。赵会杰心里一紧，鼻子一酸，泪水直往外涌，她后来说，我也不知为啥，立时就忍住了。<br /> <br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie grew up in her grandmother's home and she walked around in her grandmother's kitchen every day because there was a basket hanging on the beam in her grandmother's house. The basket was always filled with cornmeal and white flour mixed with dumplings which is big and scented. As soon as she ate, the fragrance and sweetness immediately made people forget all the things. Grandma's family is well-off with surplus grain in the barn and spare money in hand. The house is built with tiles and there are pigs and sheep in the pen. Grandpa always said with a smile: our family is under the charge of my wife. Your grandmother has worked hard. Grandma said: eating and wearing will not lead poor. But if you can't plan money wisely, you will be poor. The three uncles were cultivated by my grandmother to be literate and filial people, so grandmother was very happy in her twilight years. In 1991, Zhao Huiwei got married, and she went to Xiaomiaozi Village by country shuttle. In the car, there were bride and bridegroom’s relatives who sent and receive the bride respectively. The shuttle bus headed west, through a large ravine. There was no crop in sight, no lush vegetation. In the dim yellow ravine, there was only one clear river flowing, that is, Yin River, the mother river on which Xiaomiaozi Village depends. I don't know who was so nagging that he told the bride: After you see the baldest mountain, you can get off the bus. Zhao Huijie's heart tightened and her nose was sour with tears welled up. She said later: I don't know why and I held back immediately.<br /> <br /> ====胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi ====<br /> <br /> 小庙子村穷到啥程度呢，那时候没有留下具体数字，到二十年之后的2010年，人均年收入才达到四千五百元，五千多亩耕地有近四分之一浇不上水，亩产量很低，全村没有特色产业，没有村集体经济收入，这么说吧，一般人家，偶而能吃上一顿面食，大多数人家一年到头见不着大米，阴河南边的自然村里，孩子念书念到初中毕业就是相当了不起的了，家人有病，一般靠忍和挺，去看病的路费都出不起。难难难，小庙子村，像一只流浪在沙地里的羊，过着吃了这片草，不知道下片草在哪里的日子。<br /> 村里的人都在夸老吕家老四，说他有本事，竟把一个富裕村的姑娘娶来家了，那新媳妇俊得银盆大脸，杨柳细腰，两个眼睛跟玛瑙似的黑亮黑亮的。他们不知道，新媳妇已经行动起来了。赵会杰记着姥姥的话，日子在自己的手里攥着呢，用不着东张西望，从眼皮底下开始干吧。由于吕福永当初在外面工作，村里没有分给他土地，家里也没有他们的住房。所以他们两口子，等于没有基本生产生活资料。听说村里有的人家的地没人手种，赵会杰和吕福永挽起裤脚，穿上农田鞋，开始在田里山里观察，终于租到了一块可心的地。他们开始起早贪黑，精耕细作，又买了毛驴和羊，在家养着，再加上吕福永经常出去打工，也小有收获，他们的日子很快就有了起色。<br /> <br /> How poor the Xiaomiaozi Village was! There was even no exact number left. In 2010, the per capita annual income only reached 4,500 yuan, nearly a quarter of 5,000 mu cultivated land could not be watered and the yield was low. The village had no characteristic industries or collective income at all. So that was to say, it’s fine that the ordinary residents there could occasionally eat a meal of cooked wheaten food. However, most people there could not see rice all year round. In the Ziran Village on the south side of the Yin river, it’s quite proud that children could finish their studies in junior school. When their families were sick, they could even not afford the fare to the hospital, so they usually went through by bearing the pain. Everything was so difficult. Xiaomiaozi village, as a sheep wandering on the sandy land, lived a life that it even did not know where the next meal came after eating this piece of grass. All the villagers praised the fourth son of Mr.Lv’s family for his ability to marry a girl from a wealthy village. The new daughter-in-law was very beautiful. She had a silver basin-like face, a thin waist, and a pair of eyes as shiny as agate. But they did not know that the new daughter-in-law had already started to act. Zhao Huijie always kept his Grandma's words in mind. He caught the day tightly and he knew that there was no need to look around but to start at present. As Lv Fuyong worked in other places before, he was not given land in the village, nor did he have a house in his hometown. So the couple had no basic means of production and living at all. Hearing that Some land was lack of labor and cultivation in the village, Zhao Huijie, and Lv Fuyong, rolling up their trousers and putting on their farm shoes, began to observe the fields. Finally, they rented a nice piece of land. They started work early and knocked off late to farm the land intensively, then they brought donkeys and sheep and raised them at home. In addition, Lv Fuyong often went out to work and made some money as well. It’s seen that their life soon picked up.<br /> <br /> ====黄安安 Huang Anan====<br /> <br /> 姥姥说得没错，夫妻过日子，男人忠厚有心，比什么都重要。赵会杰说，我们家吕福永啊，不善表达，更别说什么来点甜言蜜语，过生日给你买点东西，整点浪漫的事儿了，那都不会。但是有内秀，人可靠，不论挣回来多少钱，他一分不剩全交给你，用当地话说，那是兜掏得比脸还干净。可能是我太强势了，不知道从啥时候开始，人家借坡下驴，自然而然成了甩手掌柜的，我们自己小家里的事儿，老吕家家族的事儿，都以我为中心了。<br /> 吕福永说，你这人急马快枪，话到手到，又能拿出主意，耳朵根子硬，咬定青山不放松，是当领导的料，理当能者多劳。<br /> 到了一九九五年，村办小学需要老师，村委会上一商量，说吕福永媳妇适合，为啥呢，讲话透亮，用语斯文，性格也好。于是赵会杰便当上了民办教师，一个人教幼儿园到三年级的几十个孩子。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====黄舒威 Huang Shuwei====<br /> <br /> 那六年，赵会杰过得开心，虽然工资不高，只有一百五十元，但是有假期，不耽误家里种地 。最重要的是她喜欢孩子，他们纯洁明朗，总是使人想起充满希望 ——小庙子村的明天在哪里，就在你们身上。你们今天认识几个字，明天学会演算一道题，慢慢地你们手里的课本就会带领你们的理想飞起来，飞到凤凰山的上空，飞到阴河的起点，到那时候你们就会明白了，爱故乡，做故乡的主人，是多么幸福的事情，将来你们或许会走得很远，但是故乡是你们夜晚里的梦，让你会日夜牵挂着不忘记。<br /> In those six years, Zhao Huijie was happy. Although her salary was not high, only 150 yuan per month, she had holidays. So she could also do her family’s farming. Above all, she loves children. They are pure and bright who always reminds people of hope <br /> -the future of Xiaomiaozi village depending on you.Today you know a few words and tomorrow learn a calculus problem. Little by little, your textbooks will lead your minds fly, flying over Phoenix Mountain, to the starting point of Yin river. And then you will understand that loving hometown, being the owner of your hometown, which are very happy things. You may go very far in the future, but your hometown is still your night dream that you will remember day and night.<br /> <br /> <br /> 所以等你们将来有能力了，第一件事就是要为故乡做好事，不论大的好事，还是小的好事，只要做了，就会有一种快乐美满的感觉。赵会杰面对不同年龄段的学生，细语呢喃地启蒙孩子们的心灵，她也是不知不觉地，在讲述着自己的心。她在小庙子村生育了一儿一女，有了自己的房子和庄稼，有了好几百花蕾一般的学生，她不再觉得自己是个外乡人了，自己就是这片土地的女儿，她像眷恋着父母一般，依偎着这片土地，向这片土地付出着真情。如今回过头来一看，赵会杰教过的学生现在长大了，干啥工作的都有，大都分布在赤峰市的各行各业，无形中成了赵会杰造福小庙子村的人力资源，他们没有忘记赵老师当初的教诲。<br /> Thus when you have the ability in the future, the first thing you should do is to do good deeds in your hometown. Whether they are big or small, as long as you do them, you will have joyful feelings. Facing students of different ages, Zhao whispered to them and enlightened the minds of children. She, imperceptibly, told the story of her heart. She gave birth to a son and a daughter in Xiaomaiozi village, owning her own house and crops, having several hundred of students. She no longer felt that she was a non-native person. Otherwise she is the daughter of this land, like loving her parents she loves this land, snuggles up to this land and expresses her sincere feelings to the land.Looking back now, students taught by Zhao Huijie now grow up, working at all kinds of domains, mostly distributed in all walks of life in Chifeng City, who became human resources of Xiaomiaozi village. They did not forget the original teachings of Zhao Huijie.<br /> <br /> ====姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====<br /> <br /> 还有一件值得赵会杰受用一辈子的事儿，就是她为了提高自己的教学水平，边工作边学习，经过函授和面授，虽然考试的时候没有一次性成功，到底还是几经冲刺，通过了成人高考，获得了大专文凭。拿到毕业证书那一天，姥姥正在她家小住，她老人家放下手里正在给重外孙女缝制的棉裤，慢条斯理地说，管它是不是大学本科，自己一场一场地考下来的就是最好的。一场一场地考下来，这话让赵会杰领悟到，为了理想，别无选择，只有一场一场地考下去。 <br /> 2000年，村委会需要一个计划生育委员，大家的意见又是完全一致，推举赵会杰担此重任。计划生育是基本国策，而农村的计划生育工作尤其需要攻坚克难。十年之间，赵会杰劳心劳力，奔走在小庙子村的六个自然村的计生对象家之间，山道崎岖，寒冬酷暑，骑坏了自行车，换上小摩托，使得小庙子村在计划生育方面的考核指标年年如期完成，从未掉过链子。<br /> 2009年底，乡党委书记找赵会杰谈话，通知她作为村党支部书记候选人，参加换届选举。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====<br /> <br /> 赵会杰说，哎呀书记，我怎么有点忐忑不安呢？以她对小庙子村现状的了解，以她对自己性格的了解，她感到有压力。<br /> 原来的村党组织，可以说是涣散的，因此多年遗留的问题积重难返，要想让这个村子起死回生，开始进入良性循环，需要从诸多方面入手，绝不可能凭一股热情一蹴而就。在中国乡村当一个没有进入体制的基层干部，或许比在某些机关当个处长科长什么的要难很多。你的头脑要装满各种政策法律，你的手要触摸大地，要知道一亩地谷子该施多少农家肥，要知道母羊生产的时候蹄子先出来该怎么办，要知道一棵山杏能打下多少杏仁……你的心胸要像草原一样开阔，容得下万马奔腾，你还要善解人意——苦巴苦力的庄稼把式，精明的牲畜贩子，叫天天不应叫地地不灵的躺在病床上的贫困户，他们为人做事的方法你都要懂……赵会杰觉得又一场考试来了，考得好，需要好几年才能证明，考不好，一个选举就落荒。<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie said, &quot;Secretary, I am a little bit nervous.&quot; Considering the current situation of Xiaomiaozi Village and her own character, Zhao felt stressful. The original rural party was so lax that problems remained for years were difficult to solve. To totally bring the development of this village into a virtuous cycle, it needed efforts from various aspects instead of just a burst of enthusiasm. In China, it might be much more difficult to be a grassroots cadre who did not enter the government system than a director or a section chief or something else in some organs. You must not only know a variety of policies and laws but also master the information about the land. You needed to know how many organic fertilizers should be applied to a mu of farmland, to know what to do when the ewes produce hooves first, and to know how many almonds a mountain apricot can output…… Your heart should be as vast as the grassland which could accommodate ten thousand running horses. It was thoughtful to respect the ways in which people treated things—the toilful farmers, shrewd livestock dealers, the poor lying in a hospital bed suffering hardship in a dilemma. Zhao felt that another test was around the corner. Success took years to prove while failure came just from an election.<br /> <br /> ====李鸿 Li Hong ====<br /> <br /> 她跟乡党委书记说……我不行吧？<br /> 乡党委书记书说，你还没干呢，怎么知道不行。<br /> 赵会杰说，有点没自信。还是……找个更强的人来干吧 。<br /> 乡党委书记说，你是共产党党员吗？<br /> 赵会杰眼睛睁得好大，瞧您这话说的，我当然是一名共产党员了。<br /> <br /> She told the township party secretary “I think…I can’t do it….” <br /> “But you haven’t tried it yet, how can you be sure about that?” <br /> “I don’t trust myself that much. You should find someone else, someone better than me.” <br /> The secretary of the township party committee asked, “Are you a member of the Communist Party?”<br /> Zhao Huijie stared at him with wide eyes, “of course I am.”<br /> <br /> 乡党委书记说，党的组织原则你知道吧，个人服从组织,下级服从上级，全党服从中央。组织上的人事安排都是经过认真考虑的。<br /> <br /> He said, “You know the party’s organizational principles: Individual Party members defer to Party organizations, lower-level Party organizations defer to higher-level Party organizations, and all organizations and members of the Party defer to the Central Committee of the Party. And the personnel arrangements of the organization were all made after serious consideration.”<br /> 二<br /> 2009年，赵会杰三十九岁，在村党支部的换届选举中，高票当选党支部书记。<br /> 人民群众对幸福生活的向往，就是我们的奋斗方向。小庙子村的村民盼穿双眼的事情就是四个字——摆脱贫困。在第一次亮相的村委会上，赵会杰给自己下了个军令状““我的第一责任，就是办好群众盼望的事情！”<br /> <br /> In 2009, Zhao Huijie, who was 39 at that time, was elected secretary of the party branch by a handsome majority in the election of village party branch. The people’s wish for a good life was our direction of struggle; and what the people in Xiaomiaozi Village wish for were to get rid of poverty. At the village committee where she made her first appearance as the secretary of the party branch, Zhao Huijie pledged, “To get things that people expect done is my priority!”<br /> <br /> ====李佳珺 Li Jiajun====<br /> <br /> 从前的生产和工作，再难再累，只需要一个人动手动脑，干起工作来，自己急马快抢的性子，好使。如今，这是把小庙子村两千七百口人的温饱康乐生老病死全接到自己手里了，果真是万事开头难啊！<br /> 2010年得到上级通知，赵会杰去自治区参加培训，这是自治区专门针对落后乡村负责人举办的培训，通过学习了解了其它地区由后进起步，一步步改变面貌的经验和思路，赵会杰心里清楚,自己这个小庙子村的当家人肯定是不好当的，但是只要努力，办法总比困难多，别人行，小庙子没有不行的道理！她想，汽车驰骋需要性能良好的发动机，大雁高飞需要英勇无畏的领头雁。党组织就是村上脱贫致富的发动机和领头雁。赵会杰带领支部成员，重温党章，重振精神，建立和完善了村党支部“三会一课”、民主评议党员等二十五项制度，实施党员岗星化管理，全村党员挂牌示范等措施，规范党员的行为。她说，把制度贴在墙上看看，拿到会上说说是方式，落实到每一个党员的行动中才是目的。她可是咬钢嚼铁，一口唾沫一个钉的风格，哪个党员行动不到位，她是要全体党员都坐下来说道说道的。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====李可依 Li Keyi====<br /> <br /> 一直以来，村里连个固定的村委会办公室都没有，既然决定把这个书记干出个样来，那么就要先在人前打个样儿。赵会杰不想要什么高端大气上档次，只想有个简单实用的办公场所兼会议室。她去乡里争取资金，争取到的资金还有很大缺口。吕福永说，设计费你不用愁了，我免费设计，建筑材料你也不用愁，从家里搬，资金若还不够，咱家的存款不是由你经管吗，该用就用。就这样，小庙子村终于有了一个可以召唤全村人、凝聚全村人行政中心。<br /> 打当选之日开始，赵会杰每天都是打着车灯下班回家，顾不上给丈夫做一顿可口的饭菜，儿子闺女顾不上照顾，开始草原上的羊一样散养，自己从没有时间睡到自然醒，更不可能悠一会儿闲，追个剧，淘个宝什么的，赵会杰觉得自己已经变成每一条垄上刚出头的苗，变成每一棵树上花后面坐下的果，变成了大棚里咔咔拔节的胡萝卜，变成了林子里湿漉漉的蘑菇，她把自己生命的每一秒都给了自己的村庄，小庙子一草一木都长在她的身上，走到哪里都带在身上，日日夜夜都挂记在心里。<br /> <br /> All along, there even had no fixed village committee office. Since decided to be a good secretary, she must set an example to villagers. Zhao Huijie didn’t want any high-end office, but a simple and practical office space and meeting room. She went to the township for funding, but there was a big gap in the funds secured. Lv Fuyong said, you don’t have to worry about the design fees, I can design it for free, you also don’t have to worry about construction materials, we can move it from home, if the funds are not enough, you can use our family's savings that managed by you. Thereupon, Xiaomiaozi Village finally had an administrative center that can summon the whole village and bring the village together. From the first day she worked, Zhao Huijie came home from work every day with headlights on, couldn’t attend to make a delicious meal for her husband, and having few time to take care of her son and daughter. They began to be raised like sheep on the grassland. She never had time to sleep until natural awakening and couldn’t take a leisurely time, not to mention binge-watching or shopping. Zhao Huijie felt that she had become a seedling just emerging from a monopoly, a fruit sitting behind the flowers on the tree, a carrot in a shed, or a wet mushroom in forest. She devoted her life to the village, noticed every blade of grass and every tree in the village, wherever she went she kept them in her mind.<br /> <br /> ====李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====<br /> <br /> 赤峰市松山区的地理位置处于燕山山脉和大兴安岭的接连带，沟壑纵横，山峦起伏，林地交错。在蒙语里有一个古老的单词叫杭盖，其意思是，有着蓝天、白云、草原、河流、山和树林的世界，历史上清、明、元乃至更遥远的鲜卑、契丹、女真时期，这里就是杭盖，是古代少数民族游牧和狩猎的地方。小庙子村坐落在山根沟边，守望一条发源于西侧燕山山地的阴河。从清代农耕戍边之后，经过多年的开垦演变，至今在这块本不适合农耕的土地上，贴补丁似的，仅仅积累下五千三百七十亩耕地，村人均耕地不足二亩。小庙子村背面有个凤凰山，赵会杰常常站在山头上一览全村概貌，不由感慨万千，沉思良久。<br /> 她看的不只是这五千三百七十亩土地，也不是这五千三百七十亩土地，亩产可以收到多少斤粮食，或者种什么作物可以事半功倍，获得更多的收益。她看的是桥和路。<br /> 一条阴河画村而过，由于没有桥，河南自然村的老百姓每天站在河边，想象着对岸的景象——那车水马龙，从来处来，到去处去，为何而来，为何而去？那些没有观察过世界的眼睛，每天布满了朦胧的表情和梦幻般的猜想，也满含着忧伤和悲痛——开学时节，正值河面上的冰层开始融，一对母子从河面上走过，结果一失足，就陷入水底，当人们发现的时候，她们已经在夜里降温的时候，和冰冻在了一起。孩子们要上学，地里的物产要出售，有多少人从来就没出过村？村里有多少人曾经冒险趟河，只为卖几斤从山林打来的榛子？<br /> <br /> Songshan District of Chifeng City is located at the joint of Yanshan Mountains and Great Khingan, with crisscross ravines, undulating mountains and interlaced woodlands. In Mongolian, there is an ancient word called Hanggai, which means that there is a world of blue sky, white clouds, grasslands, rivers, mountains and forests. In the history of the Qing, Ming, Yuan dynasty and even more distant Xianbei, Qidan and Jurchen periods, this is Hanggai, a place where ancient ethnic minorities roamed and hunted. Xiaomiaozi Village is located at the foot of the mountain, guarding underground rivers that originated from the Yanshan Mountain in the west. Since the Qing Dynasty, after years of reclamation and evolution, the land that was not suitable for farming has only reclaimed 5370 mu of arable land, and the per capita cultivated land in the village is less than 2 mu. There is a Phoenix Mountain at the back of Xiaomiaozi Village. Zhao Huijie often stood on the top of the mountain to see the general picture of the village. What she was looking at was not only the 5,370 mu of land, nor how much grain could be received from it, or what crops could be grown to get more profit with less effort. She was looking at the bridge and the road. An underground river ran through the village. Because there was no bridge, the people of Henan province Natural Village stood by the river every day, imagining the scene on the other side -- the traffic was always coming and going, why come and why go? Those eyes that have not observed the world were full of hazy expressions and dreamlike conjectures every day, and also full of sadness and sadness. At the beginning of school, when the ice on the river began to melt, a mother and her son walked on the river, but accidentally fell into the water.When people found them out, they had been frozen together when the temperature dropped at night. The children want to go to school, and the properties in the field need to be sold. How many people have never left the village? How many people in the village once ventured across the river to sell a few catties of hazelnuts from the mountains and forests?<br /> <br /> ====李心田 Li Xintian====<br /> <br /> 要想过得好，阴河上面有座桥。这是老百姓的心里话。<br /> 村里只有一条砂石路，弯弯曲曲，凹凸不平，一到下雨和开化时节，泥泞反浆，别说走车，人行都难。因为没有一条像样的公路，改革开放二十年了，小庙子村依然被埋没在大山的深处，远离世界的脉动，也感觉不到世界的火热，更不能踏着时代的节奏前行。<br /> 即使满地都是人参灵芝草，也是货到地头死。<br /> 桥和路至关重要，赵会杰要为自己的村子修一条路，架一座桥。<br /> 当时政府有个一事一议项目，赵会杰打了申请报告，获得批准，不过，这是个钓鱼项目，给你百分之五十，其余部分自行解决。没钱犯愁，有了钱还犯愁。赵会杰把前前后后自己认识的富人都捋了好几遍，眼睛落在了武悦栋这个名字上。<br /> 从小庙村出去到锡林郭勒盟发展的武悦栋，是个成功的建筑商，恰好还是吕福永的朋友。他说这么多年我常常想着能为老家做点什么呢，这事儿好办。他接下了建桥这件事，圆圆满满地完成了任务。从此结束了小庙子村老百姓过河难的日子。<br /> 更多的故事发生在2010年。可以说，2010是赵会杰面对挑战的一年，是赵会杰胜读十年书的一年，是这个年轻的党支部书记快速成长的一年。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====李彦 Li Yan====<br /> <br /> 春天，赵会杰几经上下奔走，终于使得村村通修路工程项目延伸到了小庙子村中。项目要求按照通城公路标准施工，不打任何折扣，该拆房子拆房子，改拆墙拆墙。这条路总长二十七公里，在小庙子境内六公里，涉及到村里不少人家的房屋、场院和庄稼，由于是临时添加项目，没有任何拆迁占用土地的补偿资金。从另一个角度看，等于为了村民的粮仓，挪了村民的饭桌，而粮仓的事儿毕竟属于明天。有的村民们怀疑上级给了补偿金，是村里给拦截了。赵会杰嚼钢咬铁，一天到晚挨家劝劝劝，说说说，嗓子彻底哑到再也说不出话来，一吐唾沫全是黑红色的血，也没有解决问题。医生说，你的咽炎已经非常严重，不能再说话了，必须马上手术，不然后果严重。赵会杰只有听从医嘱，赶紧做了手术。后来她给大家 发放了一点补偿金，村民便主动配合村两委和施工方，拆墙拆房让出田地，施工得以顺利开始。只有很少的人知道，赵会杰也不想让更多的人知道，原本通城路延伸进小庙子，就不在计划内，上头给的施工钱都不足，哪有什么补偿金，是她再一次掏腰包，把家里仅有的十几万存款全部奉献了出来。<br /> <br /> In the spring, Zhao Huijie went up and down several times, finally making the village through the road repair project extended to the small temple village. Project’s requirements were in accordance with the standard construction of highways through the city without slacking off. Houses and walls that should be demolished were all completed. The total length of the road is twenty-seven kilometers, six kilometers in the territory of the small temple, involving a number of village houses, yards and crops. Due to a temporary addition to the project without any compensation funds for the demolition of occupied land. From another perspective, it was equivalent to moving the villagers' table for the sake of their granary, which after all leave until next day. Some villagers suspect that the village has intercepted the compensation the superiors gave. Zhao Huijie went to her great lengths day and night from house to house to persuade and say until his voice completely mute and couldn’t speak any longer. The problem was still not be solved even though she spat black red blood. The doctor said: “your pharyngitis has been very serious and can no longer speak, so you must immediately operate in case of serious consequences. Zhao Huijie had no choice but obeyed the doctor's advice and hurriedly had the surgery. Later she gave everyone a little compensation, the villagers took the initiative to cooperate with the two village committees and the construction side, demolishing walls and houses to make way for the fields, so that construction could begin smoothly. Only a few people know, Zhao Huijie also didn’t want more people to know. The original Tongcheng Road extending into the small temple was not in the plan, and the construction of the money given by the upper leaders werw not enough, not to mention compensation. It was she who once again paid out of pocket, dedicating his family's merely more than 100,000 yuan savings.<br /> <br /> ====李梓玉 Li Ziyu====<br /> <br /> 五月的末尾，万山春花已过，只剩下迟来的草乌头、蒙古枣在静静摇曳，天空朗朗，犹如碧透的大海倒扣在山村的头顶，小庙子村的人知道，施工队知道，赵会杰也知道，这个季节没有大雨。<br /> <br /> At the end of May, most of the flowers that bloomed in spring on the hills have faded, and only the late-blooming aconitum carmichaelii and Inner--Mongolian dates are still swaying quietly in the wind. The sky is so clear that it seems as if there are blue seas over the village. The people in Xiaomiaozi village know, the workers in the construction team know, and Zhao Huijie knows, that it will not rain heavily at this time of year. '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 修路工程已经全线铺开，每天快速推进，村里的老少爷们儿，婆婆嫂子，站在一边看景儿似的看着工人干活儿，恨不得明天一觉醒来，他们就可以开着小四轮，在光光溜溜的大道上，突突突地进城卖鸡蛋卖榛子去了。 <br /> <br /> The construction of the road is already in full swing and runs like clockwork. The villagers, young and old, male and female, stand aside watching the construction team at work, as if they are enjoying a beautiful landscape. In their minds, they can't wait to wake up in the next morning and purr into town in their mini truck to sell eggs and hazelnuts on the newly-paved flat, wide road. '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 突然间，几个闷雷从头顶上滚过，晴着天，雨就来了，雨点挺大，重重地敲打着人们的脑壳，人们却一点没在意，因为此时不是雨季，老天落几个雨点，就像拿个胶皮弹弓子胡乱往树荫里打一下，逗逗鸟拉倒。没想到的，话音未落，天上的云就聚集成了密不透风的黑幕，雨水像倒塌的屋顶一样砸下来，山洪随即冲下山，简直如无数醒来的猛虎一般，越过一个个农家院的山墙，涌到村庄和庄稼地之间的泄洪沟边。<br /> <br /> It is a sunny day when it suddenly started to thunder and then to rain, and drops of rain falls heavily on people's heads. They are not worried about it, however, because it is not the wet season and a few raindrops from the heavens are like shooting little stones randomly into the woods with a rubber slingshot, only to scare the birds. What they have not expected is that, in a short while, the clouds in the sky gathered into a dense dark curtain. The raindrops pour down like a collapsing roof, and the deluge then rushes down the mountain like numerous waking tigers traversing the walls of farmhouses and rushing into the flood relief channels between the villages and the crop fields. '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> <br /> 这里正是修路的现场，人们发现，修路用的砂石水泥和许多工程机械，恰恰放在泄洪沟里，阻碍了洪水的去路。只见洪水一步掠过泄洪沟，直接就奔向了庄稼地。一千多亩的谷子和玉米，正舒展青嫩的身姿，蓬勃地生长着，顿时被泥和水连根拔起，那些洁白的根须倒置着，在洪水中漂沦成团。<br /> <br /> Unfortunately, there is the very site of the road construction. It is found later that the gravel, cement, and many machines used to build the road have been placed exactly in the flood relief channels and blocked the channels. So the flood sweeps over these channels and surges straight into the crop fields. There, over a thousand acres of grain and corn have stretched their foliage and flourished when, all of a sudden, they were uprooted by the mud and sand carried by the flood, and their upside-down white roots floated down into clumps in the water. '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> ====梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====<br /> <br /> 这对于一心扑在修路上的赵会杰是猝不及防的灾难。村民们没有别的什么了，他们一个春天搅着汗水埋在地里的财产，每天在睡梦里都回放几遍的指望，不复存在了。他们来了，站在村部的门里门外，开始只有一两个人，后来变成了一小群人，这些村民是来要赔偿的。<br /> This was a catastrophe for Zhao Huijie, who was preoccupied with building roads. There was nothing else for the villagers. Their possessions, all that they sweat for the ground in the summer, and that in their sleep replaying several times a day, ceased to exist. They came and stood outside the door of the village apartment, starting with only one or two people, turned into a small group of people who came to ask for compensation.<br /> <br /> 施工队也不是什么腰缠万贯的主儿，他们算的账是，修你这六公里的路，我们能挣多少钱，能不能保证给工人开支，还说不定呢。因此不愿意赔偿。<br /> The construction team is not filthy rich either. What in their mind is that how much money they can earn by building this six-kilometer road and whether they can assure the workers' expenses. Therefore, they are unwilling to compensate.<br /> “你是干什么吃的？”<br /> “当官不为民做主，不如回家卖白薯。”<br /> 这还是好听的。<br /> 泪水和雨水一起覆盖了赵会杰。哭归哭，问题还得解决。雨大，把田都泡软了，一脚下去尺八寸深，一迈步，脚拽出来了，靴子还在泥里，稍没站稳，光脚就插进了泥里，人便随着脚跌入泥水中。赵会杰摔成个泥人，领着相关机构的人员给受损失的农民丈量地。然后，跟施工方百般央求——农民太不容易了，地冲了，没有赔偿款，到秋他们吃啥呀，你们做工程，怎么也比农民强，尽量多替他们考虑考虑吧!回过头来，她进一户出一门，一家家解释——回头施工队不是还得给咱们修路吗，有了路，咱们富裕的日子就来了，能让点就让点吧……<br /> &quot;How the hell you did your work.&quot; &quot;It is better to go home and sell sweet potatoes than to be a master of the people.&quot; That’s something nice to say. Tears and rain together covered Zhao Huijie. The problem still has to be solved even though you are already crying. The rain was heavy and soaked the fields. One foot down, eight inches deep in the mud or the foot dragged out, the boots still in the mud and a little less stand firm , barefoot will into the mud and then man fell into the mud with his foot. Zhao Zhoujie was leading the personnel of related institutions to measure the lost peasant land when fell down with mud all over him. Then, she plead with the construction team in every possible way - farmers are too difficult to go on. What can they eat by autumn if there is no compensation. You must live a much easier life than them. Please pity them. On the other side, she went in and out of villagers’ and explained to them that isn't the construction team going to have to build roads for us? With the road, our days of prosperity are coming, let's just let it go...<br /> <br /> Correction：<br /> This was a sudden catastrophe for Zhao Huijie, who was preoccupied with building roads. There was nothing else for the villagers. Their possessions, all that they sweat for the ground in the whole Spring, and that in their sleep thinking several times a day, ceased to exist. They came and stood in and outside the door of the village apartment. It started with only one or two people, which turned into a small group of people who came to ask for compensation.<br /> The construction team is not filthy rich either. What in their mind is how much money they can earn by building this six-kilometer road and whether they can assure the workers' expenses. Therefore, they are unwilling to compensate.<br /> &quot;How the hell did you do your work?&quot; &quot;It is better to go home and sell sweet potatoes than to be an official.&quot; That’s something nice to say. Zhao shed tears in rain. The problem still has to be solved even though you are already crying. The rain was heavy and soaked the fields. One foot down, several inches deep in the mud or if the foot were dragged out, the boots still in the mud. A little less stood firm , your barefoot will be into the mud and then fell into the mud with her foot. Zhao was leading the personnel of related institutions to measure the land farmers have lost after she fell down with mud all over her. Then, she plead with the construction team in every possible way - it’s difficult for farmers without land. What can they eat in autumn if there is no compensation for the loss of land. You construction team must live a much easier life than them. Please take this into consideration. On the other side, she went to many villagers’ home and explained that the construction team is going to build roads for us. With the road, we’ll enjoy a richer life. Let's just let it go...<br /> <br /> ====廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====<br /> <br /> 由于说话过多，赵会杰嗓子的手术效果，彻底被摧毁，她又成了一个哑嗓子，到现在也没有完全恢复。好在功夫不负有心人，在乡政府的支持下，事情基本圆满解决。<br /> 终于，路通了，桥也有了。老百姓敲锣打鼓地庆祝，家家户户摩拳擦掌，跃跃欲试，房前屋后，一堆一堆晒老阳儿的村民，有了聊也聊不完的新话题，就连在家里蒸粘豆包、喂小鸡的女人也出来逛了，小庙子村，这是要变了，无疑，要变得富裕，变得幸福 。<br /> 赵会杰躲过了热闹场面，一个人来到安静的办公室坐下，没出息的眼泪到底还是流出来了，索性就让它尽情地流吧。流点眼泪，心里透亮。<br /> 平静下来后，她洗了一把脸，走出房门。她还有很多事要做。<br /> 一个村民堵在门口，见了赵会杰不由分说，破口大骂。原来，他家的地也是在大雨中被冲的，他认为给自己的赔偿太少，不够抵他的损失，便把抱怨都记在了村书记的账上。<br /> 愚昧就是脏话的土壤，空空如也的大脑从不设防，一任垃圾落地生根。这村民，竟然蹦高跳骂，绝祖宗三代，语言脏不可言，仿佛上演一场单出头闹剧，一会儿就引来一群吃瓜群众。<br /> “你们当干部的就是拿老百姓当猴耍……，<br /> “你他妈的就是……”<br /> <br /> Due to too much talking, Zhao Huijie lost her voice, though after an operation on the throat. Until now, it doesn’t recover completely. Luckily, in the support of the township government, road building is almost settled down, as seen by the open roads and the newly-built bridges. Seeing these changes, general people celebrate with drums and gongs; every family is gearing up; many villagers who like basking have new topics; even women at home who steam buns and feed chicken also hang out. Xiaomiaozi Village will definitely be changed where people will be rich and happy. Zhao avoids this bustling atmosphere and sits in the quiet office alone, with eyes watering. She might as well let them shed, because she can feel better after crying. When she calms down, she washes her face and walks out of the room for she still has a lot of things to do. A villager standing in front of the door swears at her when seeing Zhao. The reason behind it is that the villager’s land was destroyed by the torrential rain and he didn’t got enough compensation, so he regarded it as the village secretary’s fault.<br /> Profanities are the result of ignorance, and blank mind never thinks to prevent absurd ideas taking root. The villager should jump and curse with very dirty words as if he is in a farce in which he is the only actor. For a while, many onlookers are attracted here.<br /> “You guys as officers just make a monkey of us ordinary people...” “You are the fucking...”<br /> <br /> <br /> (改）Too much talking demolished Zhao Huijie’s voice after an operation on the throat and made her voice husky again. Until now, it doesn’t recover completely. Luckily, in the support of the township government, road building is almost settled down, as seen by the open roads and the newly-built bridges. <br /> <br /> Seeing these changes, general people celebrate by beating drums and gongs; every family is gearing up; many villagers who like basking have new topics; even women at home who steam buns and feed chicken also hang out. Xiaomiaozi Village will definitely change into a place where people will be rich and happy. <br /> <br /> Zhao keeps away from this bustling atmosphere and sits in the quiet office alone, with eyes welling down. She might as well let them shed, because she can feel better after crying. When she calms down, she washes her face and walks out of the room for she still has a lot of things to do. <br /> <br /> A villager standing in front of the door swears at her upon seeing Zhao. The reason behind it is that the villager’s land was destroyed by the torrential rain and he reckoned that the compensation was too meagre to make up for his loss, so he regarded it as the village secretary’s fault.<br /> Profanities are the result of ignorance, and blank mind never thinks to prevent absurd ideas taking root. The villager should jump and curse with very dirty words as if he is in a farce in which he is the only actor. For a while, many onlookers are attracted here. <br /> <br /> “You guys officials just make a monkey of us ordinary people...” <br /> <br /> “You are fucking...”<br /> <br /> ====刘丛领 Liu Congling====<br /> <br /> 凭啥我的人格要给你诋毁，凭啥我的父母要被你侮辱？<br /> 当干部可以鞠躬尽瘁，但是不能没有尊严！<br /> 赵会杰再也忍不住了，她一拍桌子站起来，大喊一声：“把你的臭嘴到阴河里边给我洗干净，再来说话，当村干部的为大家服务不假，但也不是谁想踢就踢想踹就踹的出气筒……你再骂一句试试？你再骂一句试试？”<br /> 这是赵会杰有生以来第一次和别人吵架。她一肚子的火瞬间喷射出来，向着骂人的村民一头冲过去。没想到，对方突然间蔫了，他开始是得寸进公里，看赵会杰不还嘴，还以为怕他呢。<br /> 老虎不是猫，这次发威还真有用了。这个村民退了，一些平常惯于火上浇油生怕事儿不大的主儿，作为观众，也明白在赵书记面前肆无忌惮，后果可能很严重。<br /> 过了一段时间，正赶上骂人村民的儿子预备党员转正，经过考核，在村支部顺利通过。骂人的村民私下来说，我还以为儿子指定要吃我的瓜落儿呢，没想到这女干部还有点度量，不记群众的仇……不久，这个村民家的孙辈孩子急病，赵会杰快马急枪地开车给送到市里的医院，跑前跑后地联系医生，那个村民说，我恨不得自己给自己两个耳刮子，想起当初对人家赵书记那个熊态度，真是臊死人了！这些事儿，让老百姓树起大拇指，也让赵会杰有了坚实的群众基础。<br /> <br /> Why should I be slandered by you? Why should my parents be insulted by you?<br /> <br /> A cadre can sacrifice all but his dignity. <br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie couldn't bear it anymore, and she slapped the table and stood up, shouting: &quot;Watch your mouth! It’s true village cadres serve everyone, but they are not a punching bag that anyone can kick whenever they want. Dare you try again? Try again？<br /> <br /> This is the first time in his life that Zhao Huijie has quarreled with others. The anger within her instantly erupted and rushed towards the cursing villagers. Unexpectedly, they suddenly got cold feet. At first he was threatening, seeing that Zhao Huijie did not retard, so he thought Zhao was afraid of him.<br /> <br /> But after all, tigers are not cats, and the anger took effect. This villager drew back, and some people,as spectators who were usually accustomed to pouring fuel to the flame for fear the situation was not tense enough, also understood that being unscrupulous in front of Secretary Zhao could have serious consequences. <br /> <br /> After some time, the son of a cursed villager, a regular party member passed the examination in the village branch. The scolding villager said in private I thought that my son were doomed to fail for what I did, but I didn't expect that this female official could be so malevolent and set what I did aside. Soon, the grandchildren in this villager's family were seriously ill, and Zhao Huijie quickly drove to the city hospital, running here and there to contact the doctor, and the villager said, I just wanna give myself two slaps, whenever I recall my lousy attitude towards Secretary Zhao. It is really ashamed! These things made the people give a thumbs up, and also gave Zhao Huijie a solid mass foundation.<br /> <br /> LiuJiayu：“Why should I be slandered by you? Why should my parents be insulted by you? A cadre can sacrifice all but his dignity.” Zhao Huijie couldn't bear it anymore. She slapped the table and stood up, shouting: &quot;Watch your mouth! It’s true that village cadres serve everyone, but they are not a punching bag that anyone can kick whenever they want to. Dare you try again? Try again?” This was the first time in his life that Zhao Huijie had quarreled with others. The anger within her instantly erupted and rushed towards the villagers who swore at him. Unexpectedly, they suddenly got cold feet. At first, he pushed his luck but found that Zhao Huijie did not talk back, so he thought Zhao was afraid of him. But after all, tigers are not cats, and the anger took effect. This villager drew back. Some people, as spectators who were usually accustomed to adding fuel to the flames for fearing the situation was not tense enough, also understood that being unscrupulous in front of Secretary Zhao could have serious consequences. After some time, the son of the villager who swore, a regular party member passed the examination in the village branch. The villager said in private, “I thought that my son is doomed to fail for what I did, but I don’t expect that this female official could be so tolerant and set what I did aside.” Soon, the grandchildren in this villager's family were seriously ill, and Zhao Huijie quickly drove the child to the municipal hospital, running here and there to contact the doctor. The villager said, “I just wanna slap my face. It was really a shame that I took a lousy attitude towards Secretary Zhao before!” These things made the people give a thumbs-up, and also gave Zhao Huijie a solid mass foundation.<br /> <br /> ====刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 2010年，如此连云叠嶂，酸甜苦辣，赵会杰体重掉了二十二斤，勇敢地进入了角色。<br /> 作为一个村子的党支部书记，大概是我们国家最小的官儿了，也可以说压根就不算什么官，不挣工资，没有对于生产资料的支配权。可是做好一个村的党支部书记，从某种意义上说，却是极具难度的考试。你的面前有一份厚厚的书卷，试题涉及乡村社会的方方面面，这些题你想回答也得回答，不想回答也得回答。所以你只有一个选择，遇到这些考题的时候，去翻试卷的后半部分，那里是为你准备的法律和政策，除此之外，试题以外还有时刻弥漫在民俗乡风之中的人情世故，可以说，在中国农村当下的历史巨变中，每一件看似琐碎的小事，都和社会进步的大主题糅杂在一起，你要刻苦钻研，深度思考，也要有具体问题具体对待的能力。什么是一个村书记的基本素质，那就是心里能放牧一千匹马的马群，眼睛能穿过一粒米那么大的针眼儿，双手能把控每一家一户的拖拉机方向盘。赵会杰这些年来，就是在这种错综复杂的环境，一点点成长，一步步成熟，一年年稳健。<br /> <br /> In 2010, living a busy life full of ups and downs, Zhao Huijie lost 11 kilos and bravely adapted to his present position. As a Party branch secretary of a village, he was probably the minor official in our country. It could also be said that he was not an official at all, for he had no salary and no right to control the means of production. However, in a sense, it is a very strict trial to be a good Party branch secretary of a village. In front of you are a stack of papers with test questions on it, which cover every aspect of village society. Whether you want to or not, you have to answer these questions. So you have only one choice, which is, when you encounter these questions, you need to turn to the latter part of the test paper, where there is the law and policy for you. Besides that, there is also worldly wisdom permeating the folk customs. During the current historic changes in rural China, every seemingly trivial matter is closely related to the main subject of social progress. You need to study assiduously, think deeply, and have the ability to deal with problems on a case-by-case basis, so to speak. What basic qualities should a village secretary have? He/she should have a heart big enough to herd thousands of horses, eyes that can see through a needle the size of a grain of rice, hands that can control the steering wheel of a tractor of each family. In a word, a village secretary should be broad-minded, careful and competent. Over the years, it is in this complex environment that Zhao Huijie has developed little by little, been matured step by step and been steady year by year.<br /> <br /> ====刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====<br /> <br /> 2012年，多年遗留下来的隐患，死灰复燃，起了事端。原来前两任村委会工作出纰漏，一个姑娘许两个婆家，把一块土地同时包给了两家人。老王家说，这块土地是包给我栽树的，老冯家说是包给他家种粮食的，两家打官司，于是把村委会作为第三方一并告了。两家都骂村里，村两委显得十分被动。赵会杰想，政府工作有连续性，不能说新官不理旧政，于是赶紧接手，研究案情，查阅各种法律条文，询问当事人，请法院帮助调节，自己也在双方之间做工作，最后发现其中一方，其实土地使用合同已经快到期了，自己却并不知晓，便做了双方工作，劝原告撤诉，一件复杂的案子就这样解决了。这件事，让赵会杰陷入深思，作为基层组织给老百姓办事，事无巨细，一定要严把法律政策关，把工作做到细致入微，不留隐患，对未来负责。<br /> 为了早日改变小庙子的贫穷与落后，赵会杰心里是很焦急的。她每天骑着一个小摩托，从合作社，到村委会，到镇里，到一个个贫困户的家中，面对许多从未遇到的问题，总是觉得自己的学识储备和阅历经验都不够用，总觉得时间过得太快，眼前堆积的事情太多，在快马急枪的同时，她无意中冒出几句感慨，被村干部们传来传去，就成了小庙子金句。有一天她和同志们在办公室填写贫困户识别统计表，上级要求第二天上午上报，可是熬到大半夜还没有完工，她睏得上下眼皮快要粘在一起了，赶紧用湿凉的毛巾擦了把脸，脱口而出——一天应该有四十八个小时才对劲。还有一天，她骑着摩托下乡，侧面来了一只毛驴仔，正好撞在她的摩托上，旁边有个壕沟，她人和车全都栽了下去，爬出沟，到医院一看，一条腿膝盖摔碎，可是第二天村里要召开会议，通过修桥方案，她照常出现在会场上，大伙儿劝她休息，她又脱口而出——腿折了，脑子不是还能转吗。<br /> <br /> In 2012, a hidden danger left several years ago had appeared again. It turned out that there was a mistake made by the last two village committees, which was that they contracted a land to two households at the same time. Lao Wang said that the land was contracted to him to plant trees, while Lao Feng said that it was for him to grow grains. They went to court for this, and thus sued the village committee as a third party. For both of them keeping blaming the committee, village party branch and village committee seemed be so passive. Zhao Huijie thought that there was a continuity in government work, so a new officer should also handle the old cases. He immediately took in charge of it, and then he did some researches, looked up for various legal provisions, asked Lao Wang and Lang Feng for detail information and asked the court for help. He himself was also did other things to solve their problem. Finally, he found that the contract of the land acquisition of one of them was about to expire, while the one didn’t know that. After telling them that truth, Zhao advised the plaintiff to withdraw the lawsuit, and thus the complicated case was settled. This made Zhao fall into a meditation: as a member of primary-level organization serving civilians, we must strictly follow the law and policies, solve every problem meticulously, leave no hidden dangers, and be responsible to the future. Thinking of changing the poverty and backwardness of Xiaomiaozi village early, Zhao felt anxious about it. She rode her small motorcycle from the cooperative to the committee, the town and every poverty-stricken household every day. When confronting with new problems, she always felt that there was a long way to go in gaining knowledge and experience, and time passed so fast. When speeding up efforts to complete those accumulated work, she sighed with emotion unconsciously which was spread by village cadres and then became popular words in the village. One day, she and her partners needed to fill the poverty-stricken household identification statistics table, which was demanded to report on the next day. But the job hadn’t been finished at midnight, and she was so sleepy that her eyelids almost glued together. So, she hurriedly used a towel wetted with cold water to wash her face, and blurted that there should be 48 hours in a day. And in another day, she rode her motorcycle to the village. But a little donkey ran to her and just hit the motor, which led her and the scooter to fell down in a ditch. After pulling herself out, she went to the hospital and knew that one of her knees was broken. However, she still attended the second day’s meeting to pass the plan of building a bridge. All the cadres in there persuaded her to have a rest, but she blurted again-though my leg was broken, my brain could still work.<br /> <br /> ====刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====<br /> <br /> <br /> 理想是美好的，然而，仅有一腔子的奋不顾身却是不够用的。中国的乡村，就像一个扎根在石头缝的植物，扭扭曲曲地长了几千年，期间留下的任何一个痼疾，都不是一夜之间可以剔除一清的。乡村文明绝不是唱唱歌，跳跳广场舞，搞一场公益活动就可以建立起来的。新农村的文明必须有普遍的法律观念做基础。有一件事，又给赵会杰敲起了警钟。夏天浇地的时候，有两家动了拳脚。老王家的男人没有老冯家的女人生猛，让老冯家的女人用铁锨把大拇指给劈碎了。等赵会杰紧赶慢赶到了现场的时候，满地血渍，一片缭乱。老冯家的女人被派出所带走了，受伤的老王家男人也被送医院去了。当时赵会杰正在四处为引进建设项目四处求援，忙得不可开交，如果她对此事不加臧否，转身离去，一切听凭司法部门处理，并无不对之处。但是她想，如果这个案件判下来，极大的可能性是打人者坐几年牢，这虽然是公正的，但是对于这两家来说，结果或许就是两败俱伤。于是，赵会杰先去老王家劝解——对你来说最重要的是医药费和赔偿金，把手指治好，她伤人坐牢，罪有应得，但家里少了一个干活主力，到时候还不上你的钱，你的问题依然解决不了；然后又来到老冯家，动员打人妇女的丈夫主动到老王家赔礼道歉，先拿出一部分医疗费以示诚意，然后开车接送伤者到医院治疗。一来二去，受伤者也渐渐消了气 ，主动到法院提出请求从轻处理，最后，伤人者被判缓刑，俩家妥善地处理了理赔事宜，从此相安无事。<br /> 诸如此类的事情，赵会杰不知道处理了多少起，相关政策法律已经植入到她的大脑深处，变成了自然而然的经验。2017年，赤峰市开始评选金牌法律调解人，赵会杰得票第一，光荣当选。<br /> <br /> <br /> The wish is desirable, however, with only defiance is not enough to make it. China's countryside, like a plant rooted in the stone cracks, has been twisting and turning for thousands of years, so any chronic disease left behind can not be removed overnight. Rural civilization can never be established by singing, square dancing, or holding a public service event. The new rural civilization must have a universal legal concept as the basis. There was one incident that gave Zhao Huijie another warning. When irrigating land in summer, two families involved in a punch-up. The man in Wang family was not as fierce as the woman in Feng family, so the man's thumb was shattered by the woman with a shovel. When Zhao Huijie arrived at the scene in a hurry, only found the ground was covered with blood stains, all in a dazzling mess. The woman was taken away by the police station, and the injured man was taken to the hospital. At that time, Zhao Huijie is busy with the introduction of construction projects, seeking for support everywhere. In this case, if she left this case alone and turned away, with everything at the disposal of the judiciary, there is nothing wrong. But she thought, the great possibility for the sentence is that the woman will be in jail for a few years, which is fair, but neither side wins. Therefore, Zhao Huijie first persuaded the old Wang family that the most important thing for them is the medical expenses and compensation to heal the finger, As for the woman, she has hurted you, so she deserved to be in jail, but this means their family will less a workhorse, and may not be able to pay back your money, and your problem is still not solved. Then he came to the old Feng family, asking the husband of the battering woman to apologize to the old Wang family, giving a part of the medical expenses to show their good wish, and then drove the injured to the hospital for treatment. One thing leads to another, the injured gradually subsided, so he went to the court to request leniency. Finally, the woman was sentenced to probation, the two families properly handled the claims, and from then on, nothing happened.Things like that, Zhang huijie has did so much. Related policies and laws has rooted in his mind, becoming natural experience. In 2017, Chifeng City began to select the Gold Medal Legal Mediator, and Zhao Huijie was honored to be elected as the first prize.<br /> <br /> ====刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing====<br /> <br /> 三<br /> <br /> 从2010年到2017年，赵会杰与党员干部集思广益，通过协调资金、引进项目，让之前浇不上水的耕地都浇上了水，使庄稼作物有了生长保证。<br /> 小庙子村有种植胡萝卜的历史，但是规模不够大，由于比较封闭，村民使用的种籽质量一般，田间作业技术也相对落后，所以产量和质量在市场上没有竞争力。2012年赵会杰大力动员村民，上网，上QQ，寻找好种子，了解了市场需求，让家家户户看到了商机，又带领村民到河北围场学习当地种胡萝卜的经验，探索机械化作业，鼓励村民种胡萝卜，当年全村种胡萝卜的土地面积达到了三千七百亩，到了秋后一算账，家家户户喜上眉梢，全村仅此一项总共收入就达到一千多万元。<br /> 人勤春早。到了第二年，地里的泥土还冻得硬邦邦的，人们的眼睛里仿佛看见了满垄沟红红绿绿的胡萝卜，早早地就开始了耙地膜，翻地，准备再创一个丰收年。万万没想到的是，东南亚市场突然动荡，赤峰胡萝卜供大于求，小庙子村赶在风口上，基本血本无归。几千亩地的胡萝卜卖不出去，堆在场院里做了饲料。年轻人扔下一院子胡萝卜，走了，加入打工大军，到城市里扛水泥、修地铁去了。他们觉得，打工最起码可以吃上大米饭和肉包子。 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====鲁思 Lu Si====<br /> <br /> 赵会杰带领村两委成员，痛定思痛，开始寻找能够让小庙子村焕发生机的可行性项目。深秋已至，在空荡荡的胡萝卜地边上，他们看见还有几个村民在田里干活儿。他们的地块不大，绿色的秧苗已经熟透，呈现出一片麦秸色的光彩。原来这是刘家营子自然组的村民，他们这一年没有种胡萝卜，而是利用有限空地，种了一些沙参、桔梗、牛膝之类的中草药，现下到了收获的时候。<br /> 赤峰地区干旱少雨，夏季阳光强烈，无霜期不长，村民用传统方法种植这些一年或两年生的中草药，虽说产量不高，但基本可以旱涝保收，还不像种胡萝卜那样过于消耗土地养分，可以多年连种，不用通过换种其它作物让土地休息。<br /> 或许种中草药可以成为小庙子村的一个产业方向？<br /> 这时候村里回来一个能人。他的名字叫李永波，此人在北京打拼十几年了，有了自己的公司和工厂，手里也有了一定的经济积累。他回故乡的原因主要是想多陪陪父母，同时也有在农村搞个项目的想法，据说他也开始研究上了中草药种植。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====<br /> <br /> 作为支部书记，赵会杰了解每一个党员。<br /> <br /> As the secretary of the Party branch, Zhao Huijie knows every Party member well.<br /> <br /> 李永波年富力强，三十多岁，虽然是个有钱人了，但是在村里敬老爱幼，每次回家都会去看看村里的老人，不管和自己有没有亲戚，他都像对待自己家的长辈一样尊敬，见了谁家有困难，绝对不会绕着走，借出去的钱有一百多万了，人家不主动还，他从不要债。<br /> <br /> Li Yongbo is in his prime of life, in his thirties. Although he is a rich man, he respects the old and cherishes the young in the village. Every time he comes home, he goes to see the old in the village. No matter whether the person is his relative or not, he always treats him with the respect like his families. He will never walk around when he sees someone who is in trouble. He has borrowed more than one million yuan, and he never ask for his money even if the debtor doesn't take the initiative to pay it back.<br /> <br /> 赵会杰最看重的是他的党员身份，他在村里过组织生活，只要没有特殊情况，他从不缺席。<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie values his party membership most. She leads an organized life in the village. And she is never absent as long as there are no special circumstances.<br /> <br /> 赵会杰认为李永波是一个有情怀，重承诺，守纪律的人。<br /> <br /> Zhao Huijie believes that Li Yongbo is a person with feelings, commitment and discipline.<br /> <br /> 正值村委会换届，赵会杰作为党支部书记要主持这项工作。<br /> <br /> At the time of the change of the village committee, Zhao Huijie, as the secretary of the Party branch, is going to preside over this work.<br /> <br /> 她闭上眼睛，把已经提出参选的人在脑子里一遍遍过电影，虽然这些人选也有一些优势，但是综合起来，谁也不如李永波合适。<br /> <br /> She closed her eyes and thought about the people who had proposed to run for election over and over again. Although these candidates also had some advantages, none was as suitable as Li Yongbo.<br /> <br /> 于是赵会杰主动上门，开始一顾茅庐。<br /> <br /> So Zhao Huijie took the initiative to visit the Li Yongbo.<br /> <br /> “永波大兄弟，回来了？”<br /> <br /> &quot;Yongbo, come back?&quot;<br /> <br /> “书记大姐，你怎么来了？”<br /> <br /> &quot;Secretary Zhao, why are you here?&quot;<br /> <br /> “怎么，不赶着回北京吧？”<br /> <br /> &quot;You won't rush back to Beijing, right?&quot;<br /> <br /> “经营的事情交给了我弟弟妹妹临时管着，我想在村里多陪陪父母。”<br /> <br /> &quot;My brother and sister are in charge of the business temporarily. Because I want to spend more time with my parents in the village.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====马明宇 Ma Mingyu====<br /> <br /> “咱村的蒙古族老人爱说一句话——雄鹰飞在天上，影子留在草原上，你到底是咱小庙子的男儿，还是离不开老家吧？”<br /> “那是呀，大姐。”<br /> “既然是咱村人，就请老弟多多为咱们村发展尽力吧。”<br /> “大姐尽管说，咱村现在缺点儿啥？我也正想着为家乡搞一点公益或者扶贫的项目呢。”<br /> “那我就说了，咱村现下最缺的，就是一个优秀的村主任。”<br /> 没想到李永波一个不行两个不行，退得老远。<br /> 赵会杰心里空落落地回来了。但是并没有放弃，她想，就是这个金不换的李永波了！我头拱地也要把他挖到村委会当主任。<br /> 赵会杰知道李永波是个孝子，从来都不会违拗老母亲的意愿，便去找赵老太太做工作。老太太也是不同意，她说北京那一大摊子怎么也不能完全交出去，当了村长又要添一大摊子，儿子怕是忙不过来。<br /> 还有一个星期就要初选了，李永波仍然没有报名的意思。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====彭琦 Peng Qi====<br /> <br /> 这期间赵会杰找过他好几次，都没有成功。不过李永波向赵会杰吐露了一个自己的想法，那就是想搞一个种植中草药的产业，这和赵会杰的想法不谋而合。赵会杰立即热情地给予鼓励，建议他成立一个中草药产业合作社，带动全村一起走中草药生产加工一条龙的路子。赵会杰以往的为人，现在的这份真心和热情一步步打动着李永波。<br /> 正巧，赤峰市的政协副主席王晓峰到小庙子村调研，李永波是市政协委员，他们自然要见个面。赵会杰机灵一动，就来了个责任绑架：“王主席我跟你反映个情况。”<br /> “你们的政协委员也不支持我们村党建引领大发展啊，这不就是让我这个书记不合格吗……”<br /> “政协委员不担当，政协主席得替我们说话啊……”<br /> 王晓峰主席说，会杰书记，你的意思是我这个副主席工作不到位吧？<br /> 到了李永波家一唠，王晓峰主席再三鼓励，赵会杰把她考虑成熟的合作社思路一介绍，李永波说：“那要是老百姓不选我怎么办，还有不少人正在准备拉票选举呢”。原来李永波还是了解一些情况的。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====<br /> <br /> 赵会杰说：“那是在你没有参选的前提下，他们才有参选的想法。根据我掌握的情况，你虽然没有报名，还有百分之二十的村民在推举你呢。”<br /> 李永波睁大了眼睛，半晌，他说出了心里话：“只要老百姓选我，我就干。”<br /> 事情果然不出赵会杰所料，候选人名单一经公布，那情形正如赤峰当地话所说——一鸟入林，百鸟哑音，其它候选人纷纷主动退出，李永波最后以一边倒的多数票当选村主任。<br /> 松山区区长表扬赵会杰，你这招儿可真是高明！<br /> 全村党员群众士气大振，跃跃欲试，因为领导和老百姓都看到了这样的一种动势——李永波的加入，不仅给小庙子村带来一个合作社的蓝图，还给小庙子带来了企业化的思维，而他对市场的敏感，在经营方面的机智，正好和赵会杰带动全村老百姓脱贫致富，走合作化、集约化宽广大道的思路相得益彰。<br /> 李永波做事情，带着一种强迫症般的惯性，一定要做得非常好，九十分绝对不行，一百分了，还有回头看，最终不达一百零五分不下马。赵会杰是快马急枪，说干就干，绝不拖拖拉拉。两个人雷厉风行，同心互补，“宏都种植专业合作社”很快组建成立了，根据小庙子村的土地禀赋，决定种植桔梗、牛膝、防风等中药材，方式是统一为农户提供种子、技术、市场信息，统一销售产品。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====<br /> <br /> 李永波在前方挂帅，赵会杰根据脱贫攻坚的相关政策，为合作社保驾护航，争取来扶贫专项、国家奖补等专项资金及时注入。2017年，合作社以每亩八百元的价格集中流转村民土地一千五百亩，2018年达到两千二百亩，种植药材品种增加到二十个，辐射带动全镇种植药材一万余亩。最初合作社只有九名成员，当我到小庙子参观的时候，已经吸纳三百二十三户农户入社。在宽敞整洁的厂房里，洗药机器正在运行，一些清理去皮的桔梗，像白玉似的堆积成小山，来自各个自然村的弱体力村民，正在修剪着刚出土的药材，他们坐在厚厚的羊毛坐垫上，陷入桔梗的包围，像给孩子们打理食物一样，双手轻松娴熟，十分专注，看见我，脸上呈现出温和的笑意。<br /> 2018年7月，合作社投资了三百五十万元，新建厂房2200平方米，建设蔬菜及药材清洗、加工、脱水生产线，热火朝天的合作社已经成为小庙子村脱贫致富的依托。<br /> 用李永波的话来说，带动贫困户脱贫致富是合作社义不容辞的责任。成立以来，合作社已经以每亩一千元的价格流转贫困户土地二百二十五亩，并优先雇佣有劳动能力的贫困户到合作社务工，让他们人均年<br /> 务工收入达到八千至一万二千元，2018年带动村内二十八名贫困户脱贫。 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====卿子晔 Qing Ziye====<br /> <br /> 随即，赵会杰申请注册了“小庙子村”商标，并以合作社和村委会名义申请了蔬菜和中药材深加工国家项目，继续纵深延伸产业链条，提高产品附加值，不仅要大力发展药材种植，还要进行清洗、包装等深加工。让村民在土地集约利用、产业多元发展中享受更多实惠。 <br /> 赵会杰并没有因此而放松下来。赵会杰心心念念的是那些没有能力到合作社务工的特困户。<br /> 说起贫困户脱贫的情况，赵会杰犹如给我端出来一大筐苹果，她信手拈来，就是一个芳香四溢的故事。看她对村里五十几户贫困户的了解程度，就知道这些年来，她在扶贫工作上下了多少功夫。在讲述的过程中，她几次掉下眼泪。她有一句话，说得与众不同，值得在这里记录下来。她说扶贫先扶志，扶贫先扶内生动力，这些全对。但是还有一条，扶贫要动真感情，要在心与心之间修路建桥。 <br /> 小庙子村有一个个子最矮的妇女，只有135厘米高，她叫刘汉芝，从外村嫁到小庙子以后，生了三个孩子，两个丫头，一个儿子。不幸的是，她的儿子在很小的时候被庸医扎针，造成了残疾。不久她的丈夫患脑溢血去世，她家的生活每况愈下，到了十分艰难的程度。刘汉芝是个刚强又明白人，她对两个女儿说，别惦记着我和你弟弟，你们的路还长，该奔着好日子走，嫁的远一点没关系，只要能嫁的好一点。她没有哭，乐呵呵地把两个闺女送出门，看着她们上了婚车。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====仇绪 Qiu Xu ====<br /> <br /> 虽然是体力不济，又带着个残疾儿子，但是刘汉芝并没有失去生活的信心。为了生活，她贷款买了两头母猪，搞起了庭院经济 。没想到的是，那年猪仔掉价，母猪又得了病，结果致富不成，反而欠了债，她家的生活雪上加霜，已经到了无以为继的程度。<br /> 赵会杰第一次来到她们家。刘汉芝给赵会杰让了座，端来水，她自己却不坐，站在赵会杰面前，轻轻地一笑，那矮小的身子使她看上去特别像个孩子，然而她脸上那份出奇的平静，说话时那份得体，那份敞亮和坚毅，又显出她的成熟和理性。赵会杰的心里一阵酸楚，眼泪不由溢满了眼眶。赵会杰见过各种各样的贫困户，其中见到干部就叫苦连天，为了多要点补助，一把鼻涕一把泪的大有人在。 <br /> 赵会杰说：“老姐姐，家里现在困难吧，仓房里还有粮食吗？手里还有现钱使吗？”<br /> 刘汉芝回答：“坚持坚持，还能过得去。”<br /> 赵会杰说：“你现在是建档立卡贫困户，政府会帮助你家的。”<br /> 刘汉芝说：“我还是想干点啥，靠自己的手站起来。”<br /> Though being physically weak and burdened with a handicapped son, but Liu Hanzhi didn't lose he faith in life. She bought two sows on loan and managed a yard-business for living. But the unexpected price plunge of piglet and illness of her pigs aggravated her well-being plan to more debt, leading to worse livelihood to fare.<br /> <br /> When Zhao Huijie first visited her home, Liu gave her seat and handed over a cup of tea to him and stood in front of him with a faint smile. Her dwarf body made her look like a child yet the impressive poise and decent talking full of candidness and solitude radiated with maturity and reason.Heart sinking, Zhao's eyes were moist at this sight. He had seen so many poor families, among which most complained about their situation in tears in order to get more subsidies. <br /> &quot;Old sister, you family is hard, do you still get enough grain storage and cash in hand?&quot; asked Zhao.<br /> &quot;I can still manage though with the left.&quot; replied Liu.<br /> &quot;Your family now is the registered poverty-stricken family and will receive the subsidies from the government.&quot; said Zhao.<br /> &quot;But I want to do something to be rich with my own hands.&quot; said Liu.<br /> <br /> Though being physically weak and burdened with a handicapped son, Liu Hanzhi didn't lose her faith in life. She bought two sows on loan and managed a yard-business for living. But the unexpected price plunge of piglets and illness of her pigs aggravated her well-being plan for more debts, leading to worse livelihood to fare.<br /> When Zhao Huijie first visited her home, Liu offered a seat and handed over a cup of tea to her and stood in front of her with a faint smile. Her dwarf body made her look like a child yet the impressive poise and decent talking full of candidness and fortitude radiated her maturity and reason. Heart sinking, Zhao's eyes were moist at this sight. She had seen so many poor families, among which most complained about their situation in tears in order to get more subsidies. &quot;Old sister, you family is hard, do you still get enough grain storage and cash in hand?&quot; asked Zhao. &quot;I can still live though with the left.&quot; replied Liu. &quot;Your family now is the registered poverty-stricken family and will receive the subsidies from the government.&quot; said Zhao. &quot;But I want to do something to be rich with my own hands.&quot; said Liu.<br /> <br /> ====全永慧 Quan Yonghui====<br /> <br /> 也许你的手已经没有了扶自己站起来的力气，但是你的心里有这种力气。赵会杰特别喜欢刘汉芝身上的这股劲。<br /> 她们的身后 ，传来窸窸窣窣的响声，原来是刘汉芝的残疾儿子一直在炕里趴着。他的病十分严重，不能说话，全身除了脑袋思维还正常，右手可以动，其它部位都残疾了。只见他用胸脯蹭着炕慢慢挪动身体，使劲地直起头颅，仰着脸，眼睛盯着赵会杰，一望可知，那是心里蕴积好久的块垒，此时都要通过这双眼睛来述说。<br /> 这一刻，赵会杰心里好像浇了一杯滚烫的酒，瞬间全身的血液都燃烧起来 ，当她伸出手去抚摸这孩子的头，她感觉到自己的手在颤抖。她说好孩子，我明白，我知道，我一定尽所有的力量，帮助你治病，帮助你们家过上好日子。这孩子可能眼泪早就哭干了，他的一双眼睛突然变得通红，但是没有流泪。他那强立起来的头，无力地倒下，他歇了片刻，又奋力把头直立起来，他的眼睛转向自己的母亲，头微微颔动，啊——啊——啊——地发出浑浊的喊声，那声音，来自他的胸腔，拼劲了气力，却是断断续续，非常虚弱。赵会杰懂了，她赶紧说：“孩子，孩子，大姨明白，大姨明白，你妈妈不容易，我一定帮她，照顾她。”<br /> <br /> Maybe your hands were too weak to help you stand up, but inside you was such strength to raise you up. Zhao Huijie really admired her fortitude and courage. <br /> There was a scuffling noise behind them, which turned out to be Liu’s disabled son laying on his stomach on the brick bed. He was seriously ill and couldn’t speak. Except his mind and right hand were normal, all the other parts of his body were disabled. He crawled slowly with his chest against the bed, raising his head as hard as possible and looking up at Zhao. With one look, the bitterness which has lain deeply within him for a long time, was expressed by his eyes. <br /> At this moment, Zhao Huijie felt like a glass of hot wine spilled over in her heart, blood boiling all over her immediately. Reaching out to touch his head, Zhao could feel her hand shaking. “Good boy, I know, I understand, I will try my best to help you treat the illness and help your family live a better life,” she said firmly. At this, the boy’s eyes suddenly turned red, yet no tears in them which may have dried up already. Exhausted, he lowered his painstakingly raised head and took a rest for a while. Then he struggled to raise his head again straining eyes to fellow his mother, his head nodding faintly. “Ah-Ah-Ah-,” he made a muffled sound which he had yelled out at the top of his lungs, still disjointed and feeble to be heard. But Zhao understood it and comforted him immediately, “Good boy, good boy, I know, I totally understand your mom has a difficult time. I will try my best to help her and care for her.”<br /> <br /> ====任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====<br /> <br /> 如果没有病，这孩子也是个大小伙子了。如今他日日夜夜看得清楚，日日夜夜在绝望中苦苦期望，疼痛地挣扎着……同为母亲，同为女性，赵会杰此时心如刀割，为眼前这个母亲和她的孩子疼痛；作为一个党员干部，她的心里更是万分焦急，脱贫道路上一个都不能少，自己责无旁贷！<br /> 赵会杰马不停蹄，给刘汉芝家申请到五千元的民政救助金，又申请了扶贫项目资金和扶贫项目贷款，给刘汉芝的病儿子申办了五保，根据政策将他的五保转为待遇更好一些的低保，总共为他们家注入三万元的支持。<br /> 矮小的刘汉芝，个头低于常人，但是她内心的能量却不能低估。赵会杰一有时间就会到她家走走。刘汉芝吸取头一年养猪的经验教训，利用扶贫资金重新开始养猪，她每天起早贪黑，熬猪食，打扫猪圈，给猪洗澡，精心到一丝不苟。别人用大盆端猪食，她端不动，就用小盆一趟趟多跑，打扫猪圈，她用小号的铁锹，干一个上午，也不肯休息。看着她满头的汗水和裤腿上的猪粪，赵会杰觉得自己有了一个可亲可敬又让人心疼的姐姐。<br /> <br /> If there were no disease, this child would also be a big guy. Now, day and night, he struggles in despair,painfully...... As a mother and woman like her, Zhao Huijie feels as if a knife were piercing her heart at this time, for the mother and her child before Zhao’s eyes. As a party member cadre, she is more anxious as no one should be left behind on the road out of poverty. As for this aspect, she feels duty-bound.<br /> Zhao Huijie kept rushing to apply for 5,000 yuan of civil assistance, poverty alleviation project funds and loans for Liu Hanzhi's family. In addition to this, she also made Liu’s family Five Guaranteed people for Liu’s sick son , and according to the policy, she changed his Five Guarantee to subsistence allowances with better treatment, providing a total of 30,000 yuan of support for their family.<br /> The diminutive Liu Hanzhi is shorter than the average person, but her inner energy cannot be underestimated. Zhao Huijie would visit her home whenever she could. Liu Hanzhi learned from the lessons of pig raising in the first year and started again with poverty alleviation funds to raise pigs. She works from dawn to dusk every day, including boiling pig food, cleaning the pens and bathing the pigs, meticulously to the last detail. When others used large pots to feed the pigs, she couldn't do it, so she used a small pot to make more trips, and when she cleaned the pens, she used a small shovel to do it all morning and refused to rest. Looking at the sweat on her head and the pig dung on her trouser legs, Zhao Huijie felt that she had a dear, respectable and heart-wrenching sister.<br /> <br /> ====疏珊 Shu Shan====<br /> <br /> 刘汉芝的猪出栏了，既有小猪仔，又有肉猪，她乐颠颠地告诉赵会杰，除了给儿子买了点药，她没舍得花一分钱，一次性把外债全都还上了。现在，她要再增加一个养鹅项目，她说都是庭院产业，在养猪的同时就顺便打理了。她托人给赵会杰捎来了两只小笨鸡，说是自家养的，别的东西啥也没喂，是吃玉米脐子和谷糠长大的。赵会杰捧着这两只小笨鸡，脑海里浮现的是刘汉芝矮矮的个子，在院子里跑老跑去地喂鸡的情景，她收下了这份沉甸甸的礼物，按照市场的价格，把钱给刘汉芝捎了回去。她知道，一百元钱，在刘汉芝的生活里，不知道要掰成多少瓣儿来花。 <br /> 年底了，刘汉芝又托人捎来了鹅蛋。那满满一大筐鹅蛋，个个饱满硕大，泛着淡淡的光泽，看着就诱人。刘汉芝来了电话，她说：“书记妹子，这是我家病儿子让我捎给她大姨的，让你腌着慢慢吃。要是没有你和村里的帮助，我们娘俩指不定什么样呢，哪有今天的日子……”<br /> 赵会杰说：“大姐啊，我收下了，我收下了，是我该感谢你，你能让我吃上真正的小时候那种味儿的大鹅蛋，太好了，不过钱你一定收下，给咱家儿子买点需要的东西……”<br /> 现在，刘汉芝一家已经高标准脱贫，据保守估计，人居收入是一万一千多元。当赵会杰再去她们家时，刘汉芝满面春风，带着赵会杰在院子里参观，只见猪肥，鹅壮，院里有充足的饲料，一幅红红火火过日子的画面。当赵会杰走进里屋，就见刘汉芝的儿子已经挪动到炕边上，仰着头等着自己了，见到赵会杰，那病孩子扬起右手，吃力地拍着炕沿。刘汉芝说，这是让大姨坐下呢……。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====王芳玲 Wang Fangling====<br /> <br /> 三<br /> <br /> 2018年全国两会，习近平总书记参加内蒙古代表团讨论。赵会杰作为发言代表，向总书记汇报了小庙子村党支部带领群众实现富民强村梦的工作。在赵会杰整个汇报过程中，总书记面带微笑、频频点头。<br /> 总书记中间还几次插话询问：“地是水浇地吗？”赵会杰回答“都是水浇地。”<br /> 总书记问：“通了自来水吗？”赵会杰回答“总书记，村里通了水，也通了电。现在村里正在发展特色产业，带动百姓增收致富”……<br /> 在审议结束时，总书记握着赵会杰的手夸她说得很好。<br /> 赵会杰说：“ 一开始的确紧张，毕竟我没有见过这么大的场面，但是总书记连问几个小问题，那么关心咱们村里的民生小事，说话就像拉家常一样亲切，我就不紧张了，只感觉到特别亲近，特别温暖，于是我发自内心地说，总书记， 村民们的共同心愿，是让我捎句话给您，日子越来越好、风气越来越正、干活越来越有劲！我们由衷感激党、感激国家、感激这个时代。我代表我们小庙子村的全体村民向您发出邀请，请总书记到我们小庙子村看看。”　　 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====王纪龙 Wang Jilong====<br /> <br /> 这一幕，由于媒体的轮番报道，让赵会杰成了家喻户晓的人物。两会上来自自治区和全国各地的代表们，都向她投来关注的目光，她知道这是值得小庙子人感到无比自豪的事情，更是令自己放开眼界，学习新观念新思路的大好机会。<br /> 赵会杰回到村里，按照总书记的指示，以新思路运作。到了2019年春天，她又怀揣新的成绩单，来到两会——新建一百五十亩设施农业冷棚、两千七百亩膜下滴灌设施；新修五公里半环村路，给村校操场铺上了塑胶跑道；村里建起防渗防漏的垃圾填埋场、民俗博物馆和乡村旅游接待中心；村内公路上一百盏路灯安装完成……<br /> 赵会杰在会上和代表们说起小庙子村第一次被路灯照亮时的情景。她说，那天晚上，自己在政府加班做扶贫档案，回来特别晚，进村的时候看见老百姓们都来到公路旁，坐在路灯下面的城墙垛子上，冲着路灯有说有笑，久久不愿离开。自己老远就看到了密密匝匝的人群，就像落在屋顶上的小家雀一样， 这个情景 ，那么温暖，那么美好，自己一辈子都不会忘记。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====王露 Wang Lu====<br /> <br /> 2019年7月15日，赵会杰终于盼到了这一天，习近平总书记到内蒙古调研，第一站就来到了赤峰市。赵会杰拿出六张小庙子村的照片，向总书记汇报一年半以来小庙子村的新变化，新发展。照片上，中草药种植基地一碧千里，村容村貌崭新整齐，一座新桥将阴河两岸连通，农民热火朝天地在田野里劳动，总书记在两会上关心的垃圾分类和厕所革命项目也有了新的进步。每一张照片，总书记都看得很细，不停询问，还连连称赞小庙子村很美。<br /> 2019年底，赵会杰被提拔为大庙子镇党委副书记，继续兼任小庙子村的党总支书记。经过十年村党支部书记到全国人大代表的历练，她的舞台在扩大，内心的格局也在扩大。她的目光从小庙子的崭新天地，展望中国农村的前景，她说绿水青山就是金山银山，也是我们脱贫致富的靠山，新时代的农民必须思考人类如何与自然和谐共存的大问题，才能走向更高层次的文明。<br /> 请看：《关于启用民间资本助力乡村振兴的建议》、《关于在北方地区推广免水冲式生物发酵技术厕所的建议》，从这两个赵会杰向两会提出的代表建议中，我们发现，这个立于时代潮头的村党支部书记正在以现代的科学理念，超前的未来眼光，带领自己的村庄走向理想中的新世界。<br /> 嚼钢咬铁，急马快枪，一个永不服输的女共产党员依然在冲锋——我们的赵会杰永不言败！　 <br /> <br />  <br /> Zhao Huijie was looking forward President Xi’s coming. And on the 15th of July 2019, the days came. The first station for President Xi’ research in Inner Mongolia was Chifeng city. Zhao took out six photos to report to President Xi the new changes and development of Xiaomiaozi Village in the past one and a half years. These photos shew the green Chinese herbal medicine planting base, the neat new cottages, a new bridge which connected both sides of Yin River and farmers working in the farms intensely. There was also progress in waste sorting and toilet revolution which President Xi emphasized in Two Sessions. President Xi looked at every picture in extreme details, keeping enquiring and praising the beauty of the village. At the end of 2019, Zhao Huijie was promoted to Deputy Secretary of Party Committee of Damiaozi Town, and also served as Secretary of Xiaomiaozi Village Party General Branch. After ten-year experience from being the party secretary of the village to be a NPC member, Zhao had a bigger stage as well as broader perspectives. She was looking forward to the future of Chinese rural areas through Xiaomiaozi Village’s rejuvenation. She said lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, as well as the backup for poverty alleviation. To advance toward a higher-level civilization, it’s necessary for the farmers in the new era to consider the way to harmonious coexistence between human and nature. Please refer to “the Suggestion about using private capital to help rural revitalization” and “the Suggestion about promoting water-free flushing toilets with biological fermentation technology in the north of China”. According to the two suggestions reported by Zhao Huijie, we found that this party secretary of the village, leading the trend of the times, was leading her village to an ideal new world with modern scientific ideas and futuristic vision. As a female member of CPC, Zhao was resolute and unyielding, charging forward—she would never say never.<br /> <br /> ====王琪 Wang Qi====<br /> <br /> 赵光明主任的这三年 <br /> The three years of Manager Zhao Guangming<br /> <br /> 在去林西的路上，杨明霞反复向我介绍林西县扶贫办主任赵光明，见到赵光明，果然和她的描述对上了号，个子不高，身材精悍，气色红润， 说话中气十足，走路精神抖擞，他带领我们在林西大地上穿行，介绍林西的扶贫工作，带我们参观设施农业、梯田果园，陪我入户采访、与乡镇、村干部交流，使我充实地度过了两天的采访。思维敏捷，滔滔不绝，对工作有些痴狂，对土地一往情深，这是他给我的第一印象。 <br /> On the way to Linxi, Yang Mingxia repeatedly introduced Zhao Guangming to me, the manager of Linxi County Poverty Alleviation Office, and when I saw Zhao Guangming, all Yang's description were matched. He was not tall but strong, with a rosy complexion and a loud voice, and always walked in high spirits. He led us through the land of Linxi, introduced Linxi's poverty alleviation work, took us to visit facility agriculture and terraced orchards, accompanied me to interview villagers and communicated with township and village cadres, all of which composed two fulfilling days of interviews for me. His quick thinking, eloquence, a bit craziness about his work and deep love for the land were the first impressions to me.<br /> <br /> 2017年11月29日的深夜十一点，寒冷的北方大地昼夜温差愈发加大，气温零下二十度不止，风嗖嗖的，像小刀片割着人们的脸，间或，有几片零星的雪花，急促地掠过。在林西县入口的公路一边，一行人在等待一个车队的到来，为首的就是赵光明。严寒里，赵光明的眼镜一会儿一层霜，不知道已经放在衣襟里暖过了多少次，擦了多少遍。实在太冷了，他们一边跺着脚，搓着手，一边不停地向远方眺望。远方的客人你是谁，风雪夜归的人你是谁。让赵光明和他的部下们如此翘首以盼。<br /> At eleven o'clock in the late night of November 29, 2017, thermal difference between day and night in the cold northern land got greater, accompanied by the freezing temperature less than minus 20 degrees and gusts of cold wind scratching people's faces like a small blade, as well as a few scattered snowflakes rushing by occasionally. On the side of the road at the entrance of Linxi County, a group of people were waiting for a fleet, led by Zhao Guangming. In the bitter cold, Zhao Guangming's glasses were frosted soon, no matter how often he put his glasses into clothes or wiped them. It was so cold that they stomped their feet and rubbed their hands while constantly overlooking the distance. Who are you my guest from afar, and who are you that returns at the stormy night. All this made Zhao Guangming and his subordinates look forward to so eagerly.<br /> <br /> ====汪世博 Wang Shibo====<br /> <br /> 终于，黑暗的远方，呈现了一串萤火虫般的光亮，继而越来越亮了，直至照到了他们的身边，车队没停，赵光明随即走近，大喊着，怎么样，有没有异常？<br /> 驾驶室里传来回音，中。赤峰话，意思是合适、没有问题、妥。<br /> 赵光明一身的寒冷瞬间驱散了，一颗在风中晃荡许久的心稳当了。他高高地一挥手，按捺不住的兴奋都充溢在那振臂一呼中：“走，让宝贝们进家！”<br /> 在场的人们无疑很理解赵光明此时的心情——他真是高兴，非常的高兴，大家也同样高兴。<br /> 咱们长话短说。<br /> <br /> At last, the darkness was far away, showing a string of firefly-like light, then brighter and brighter, until it shone to their side, the convoy did not stop, Zhao Guangming then approached, shouting, how is it, any abnormalities? <br /> From the cab came an echo, &quot; Zhong&quot;. In Chifeng dialect, it means suitable, no problem, OKay. <br /> Zhao Guangming's coldness was instantly dispelled and his heart, which had been wavering in the wind for a long time, was stabilized. He waved his hand high in the air, his uncontrollable excitement all overflowing in that arm-raising cry, &quot;Let's go, let the babies into the house!&quot; <br /> The people present did understand what Zhao Guangming was feeling at this time - he was really happy, very happy, and so was everyone else.<br /> Let's make a long story short.<br /> <br /> Finally, from the far distance shrouded in darkness rised a string of light spots like a row of fireflies. These light spots were turning brighter and brighter and illuminated the waiting people as they approached. The fleet of vehecles didn't stop, so Zhao Guangming went to a truck and asked loudly, <br /> &quot;How are things going? Anything happened?&quot;<br /> &quot;Zhong!&quot; the driver's voice wafted from the cab, which means &quot;pretty well&quot; , &quot;no problem&quot; or &quot;good&quot; in Chifeng dialect. <br /> Hearing the answer, Zhao felt his frozen body immediately warmed up and feelings of uncertainty seemingly gone with the wind. He lifted his arm high and gave a cheerful wave in great excitement,<br /> &quot;Come on! Let's welcome those precious little things to our home!&quot;<br /> Of course, everyone else here understood how he felt now. Zhao was absolutely delighted, very, very delighted; and so were others. Let's have a quick look at the story.<br /> <br /> ====王雅姝 Wang Yashu====<br /> <br /> 赵光明本是学医出身，主攻计划生育临床技术，毕业后就被分配到县计划生育服务站工作，当年主刀做过计生范畴内的手术，他的理想，就是钻研下去，做一个在业务上有成就的专家。没想到，某天组织上一个令，就把他提拔成了办公室主任。领导上认为赵光明这个同志除了善于钻研业务 ，还善于带动大家做事情，应该让他练练，把潜质变成实绩。于是将赵光明放到了机关的枢纽位置上，由静到动，赵光明很短的时间就适应了。由此，赵光明完全转行，而后被认可为优秀后备干部，不断地换岗——从计生局办公室主任到乡镇政府副乡长，再回计生局当副局长，然后又到乡镇当人大主席，不久又调回县里，任政务服务中心主任。<br /> <br /> Zhao Guangming used to be a medical student who focused on clinical techniques relevant to birth control. After graduation, he was assigned to the family planning service station of Linxi County and carried out operations for birth control. At that time, he dreamed about advancing in his profession and becoming an accomplished expert. He didn't expect to be elevated as Chief of the Office, which was decided by the leadership who credited him with the ability to inspire others besides his good performance in job. They believed that Zhao should be given a chance to learn so that his potential can be fulfilled. Therefore, Zhao came to the core position of the bureau, and accepted the shift of his duty—from a doctor to a cadre—very soon. From then on, his career path has completely changed. He was approved as an excellent cadre for replacement, and went through different positions, from Chief of the Family Planning Bureau Office, to the deputy mayor of a town, back to the Family Planning Bureau as Deputy Director, then to the President of People's Congress at town level, and to the director of the county's Administrative Service Center shortly after that.<br /> <br /> ====王植碧 Wang Zhibi====<br /> <br /> 谈论起干部，人们常常使用万金油这个词，与众不同的是，在林西县县委田向存书记的字典里，万金油是个褒义词，就是放到哪里就在哪里闪闪发光、放到哪里都给力加油的意思。赵光明就是干一行爱一行的那种到处闪光的万金油干部。县政务服务中心主任是个什么活儿，多么劳累，多么闹心烧脑，这里不必细说。赵光明果然又干得不错，广受好评。可是，他突然生病了，由于忙，赵光明发现自己身体不适的时候，肝部腺瘤影像显示已经非常明显， 学医出身的赵光明面对这种情况，心里有两个预估，第一个是认为自己在四十多岁的年纪长这个东西，恶性的可能性很大，另一个预估是，他感觉自己的病不是什么大不了的事情，出于对自己身体状况的全面了解，对医学的信任，对自我把握身体的信心，他毫无惧色，做完手术之后，很快重返工作岗位。<br /> 人们没有发现他的异常，只是有点奇怪，赵主任为啥十几天不见，你出差了？你进修去了？<br /> 赵光明说也算是进修了两周吧。<br /> <br /> When it comes to government official, people always use the words “all-purpose oil”. however, in the dictionary of Secretary Tian Xiangcun of Linxi County Party Committee, all-purpose oil is a commendatory word, which means to shine wherever you go. Zhao Guangming is a kind of shining all-in-one cadre who does everything he likes. What kind of work is the director of the county government affairs service center? How tired, how worried and brain burning? There is no need to elaborate here. Zhao Guangming, of course, did a good job and was widely praised. However, he suddenly fell ill. Due to his busy schedule, when Zhao Guangming found himself unwell, the image of liver adenoma was very obvious. Facing this situation, Zhao Guangming, a medical student, had two predictions. The first one was that he thought his rumor was most likely malignant when he was in his forties, Out of a comprehensive understanding of his physical condition, his trust in medicine and his confidence in self control of his body, he showed no fear and returned to work soon after the operation. People didn't find anything unusual about him, but it was a little strange. Why did Director Zhao not see him for more than ten days? Did you go on a business trip? Did you go to study? Zhao Guangming said that he had studied for two weeks.<br /> <br /> When it comes to government officials, people always use the word &quot;all-purpose oil&quot;. However, in the dictionary of Secretary Tian Xiangcun of Linxi County Party Committee, &quot;all-purpose oil&quot; is a commendatory word, which means to be shiny and awesome wherever you go. Zhao Guangming is the kind of cadre who loves everything he does and shines everywhere. What kind of work does the director of the county government affairs service center do? How tiring, worrying, and brain-burning is the job? There is no need to elaborate here. Zhao Guangming, of course, did a good job again and was widely praised. However, he suddenly fell ill. Due to his busy schedule, when Zhao Guangming found himself unwell, the image of his liver adenoma was very obvious. Facing this situation, Zhao Guangming, a medical student, had two predictions. The first one was that he thought his rumor was most likely malignant as he was in his forties. Another prediction was that he felt that his illness was not a big deal. Out of the comprehensive understanding of his physical condition, his trust in medicine, and his confidence in the self-control of his body, he showed no fear and returned to work soon after the operation. People didn't find anything unusual about him but felt a little strange. Why didn't they see Director Zhao for more than ten days? Did he go on a business trip or go to study? Zhao Guangming said that he had studied for two weeks vicariously.（Wang Zhiling）<br /> <br /> ====王智灵 Wang Zhiling====<br /> <br /> 七零后的赵光明，得了这样一场大病，的确好好地品读了一次人生。他凝视了死亡，体验到了无奈，最终找到了光明。生命是脆弱的，一个人的内心却可以让生命变得坚强。<br /> 赵光明的自我调整开始了。手术后，医生给他开了很多药，赵光明服用后，发现身体无力，嘴里出现溃疡，他想了想，就果断把药停了。继而，他开始每天快速走路锻炼，不论飞雨飘雪，每天坚持五公里，从未间断，渐渐地，他的身体强壮起来了，心里便把有病的事儿给忘了，每年复查，结果甚好。<br /> 2016年，领导说，让你出来做点事儿怎么样？<br /> 啥事？<br /> 目前脱贫攻坚到了关键时刻，按计划林西县要在2018年实现摘掉国家级贫困县帽子，需要有人担起扶贫办主任这个重担。<br /> 赵光明觉得自己做这个工作有一定基础。计生工作当初也是全党动员，全民参与，规范化建设，现下的扶贫工作更是如此，不同之处是扶贫办的工作面更宽了，要在党和政府的领导下，去联合协调全社会诸多方面，这一点，自己在政务中心的工作中也积累下一些经验，应该能干。<br /> 领导关心地说，身体能吃的消吗——说句后话，也就是田向存这样的有魄力县委书记敢于提出这样的人选。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====吴博涵 Wu Bohan====<br /> <br /> 赵光明起身一站，让领导看到了自己坚持锻炼的成果。<br /> 领导放心了，赵光明的妻子可担心得够呛。她说，赵光明同志，人们都说身体是革命的本钱，咱可不敢逞强好胜，不然……<br /> 赵光明递过来一摞医用书籍，说，我对自己的身体研究得明明白白，本钱没有丢，挡不住还增多了点。 <br /> <br /> Zhao Guangming stood up and let his superior see the results of his exercise. Though the senior was relieved, Zhao Guangming's wife worried so much. She said, Comrade Zhao Guangming, “people all believe that the body is the capital of revolution, we cannot afford to go beyond our limits, otherwise...” Zhao Guangming handed over a pile of medical books and said, “I’ve studied my own body very well. The physical foundation is still there, and it has even increased for a bit.”<br /> <br /> Zhao Guangming stood up and showed his senior the results of his exercise. Though the senior was relieved, Zhao Guangming’s wife worried so much. She said, “Comrade Zhao Guangming, people all believe that health is better than wealth, we cannot afford to go beyond our limits, otherwise...” Zhao Guangming handed over a pile of medical books and said, “I know my own body very well. I’m still of strong constitution, and even better.” <br /> <br /> 妻子说：“我有一个条件，你得答应。”<br /> “啥条件？”<br /> “每天按时下班，按时回家吃饭，我知道什么饭你爱吃啥，啥对你身体有利。”<br /> “这不可能，答应了也办不到。”<br /> 妻子无语，便退一步：“那你保证双休日在家休息，不可熬夜”。<br /> 赵光明的回答很实在：“第一条还是答应了也做不到，第二条答应你。”<br /> <br /> His wife said, “I have one condition that you must agree.” “What is it?” “Get off work and go home to have dinner at the fixed time every day. I know what kind of food you love to eat and what is good for your body.” “It’s impossible to do, even if I give you a promise.” His wife was speechless and took a small compromise: “You should at least promise to be at home for a rest on weekends and not to stay up late.” Zhao Guangming gave a honest answer: “The first one is still impossible even if I promise you. The second one, though, you can have my word.” <br /> <br /> His wife said, “On one condition.” “What is it?” “Get off work and go home to have dinner at a reasonable hour every day. I know what you love to eat and what is good for your body.” “It’s impossible, even if I give you a promise.” Getting choked on his words, his wife made a compromise, “You should at least promise to be at home for a rest on weekends and not to stay up late.” Zhao Guangming gave an honest answer, “The first one is still impossible even if I promise you. But the second one, you can have my word.” <br /> <br /> 赵光明就这样走马上任了。“扶贫开发工作是党组织赋予的一项光荣而艰巨的政治任务，作为一名党员干部，要不负组织重托和群众期盼。要扑下身子、放下架子，自觉与群众打成一片，在精准扶贫工作上不等不靠，务求实效”。赵光明上任之后，始终没有忘记县委书记田向存对他的一番叮嘱。<br /> <br /> Zhao Guangming just took office anyway. “The work of poverty alleviation and development is a glorious and arduous political task entrusted by the Party. As a Party member and cadre, I must live up to the great trust placed by the Party and the expectations of the people. We need to put our focus on the grass-roots level and keep our humbleness, and strive to blend with the mass. We need to work on targeted poverty alleviation to achieve real results, without any hesitation or dependence.” After Zhao Guangming assumed office, he did not forget the county’s Party secretary Tian Xiangcun’s advice to him.<br /> <br /> Zhao Guangming just took office anyway. “The work of poverty alleviation and development is a glorious and arduous political task entrusted by the Party. As a Party member and cadre, I must live up to the great trust of the Party and the expectations of the people. We need to focus on the grassroots level, get off our high horses, and become one with the masses. We need to work on targeted poverty alleviation in an independent and pragmatic way, without any delays.” After taking office, Zhao Guangming always kept the secretary of the CPC (Communist Party of China) Linxi County Committee Tian Xiangcun’s advice in his mind.<br /> <br /> ====伍超穎 Wu Chaoying====<br /> <br /> 他首先改变自己的观念。扶贫办不是具体的办事机构，更多的是要动员全社会都来参与扶贫攻坚这项伟大的工程。<br /> <br /> He first changed his mind. The poverty alleviation office was not for specific work but preferred to mobilize the whole society to participate in the great project of poverty alleviation. <br /> <br /> 因而，赵光明把宣传党和政府的扶贫政策、宣传本地扶贫攻坚的实际成果，作为开局第一要务。他要让全县老百姓都了解、理解这次扶贫攻坚对于他们意味着什么，让他们知道这次人类历史上开天辟地的壮举，就在自己的生活中，每个人都有权利和机会参与，并因此获得幸福，同时他要让老百姓知道，幸福的生活是奋斗出来的。通过一系列的努力，报纸、电视、手机、宣传栏以致发送到每个家庭里的通知告示、走门串户的扶贫干部的口传心授，林西的大地仿佛被春雨荡涤了一遍，一个全社会大扶贫、家家谋致富的氛围形成了， 在林西农村，哪个村富裕了，周边的老百姓就开着车到哪个村去看，看来看去，自己就行动起来了。<br /> <br /> Therefore, Zhao Guangming made it his priority to publicize the CPC (Communist Party of China) and government’s policies and the actual results of local efforts on poverty alleviation. He wanted everyone in the county to know and understand what this poverty alleviation battle meant to them, so that they would know that this groundbreaking feat in human history was just in their own lives and that everyone had the right and opportunity to participate and then achieve happiness. And he wanted them to know that effort was the gist of gaining happiness. Through a series of efforts, including newspapers, TV, cell phones, bulletin boards, and even notices sent to each family, as well as the word of mouth of poverty alleviation cadres who went door to door, the land of Linxi seemed to be cleansed by the spring rain, for an enabling environment was created where the whole society participated in the poverty alleviation and each family strived to get rich. In the rural areas of Linxi, if any village was rich, the nearby people would drive to the village to see. Influenced by what they had seen and heard, they would act on their own. <br /> <br /> 然后，赵光明大刀阔斧，开始了扶贫办机构的大调整，将职责笼统模糊的部门，化整为零，变成十个股，清晰明确了每一个人的职责，人人身上背负了指标，工作任务日清日结，很快机关内部呈现出了人人全力以赴的局面。<br /> <br /> Then, Zhao Guangming made bold decisions to restructure the poverty alleviation office. He turned the departments with general and vague responsibilities into ten units, and clearly defined the responsibilities of each person. And so, everyone had their own work targets and work tasks were cleared daily, gradually showing a situation where everyone spared no efforts in the office.<br /> <br /> ====吴敏 Wu Min====<br /> <br /> 为了实实在在做点事，也为了彻底研究一下扶贫政策怎样精准实施，赵光明自己主动承包了全县最贫穷的樱桃沟村。这个村没有水浇地，全是坡地，种植条件非常不好，过去靠人工种玉米、散养肉羊为主导，没有任何产业。赵光明首先带领这个村的两委班子，到全市的脱贫先进村参观，看人家是什么思路，然后让他们带领村民去干，自己负责出点子，协调实施易地搬迁，联系相关部门和企业，很快，樱桃沟村修成两千五百亩梯田，梯田上了滴灌，栽种上了123野果，每亩四十八棵到五十二棵，每棵树可以产生效益一百元，又改在山坡地上种甜菜，甜菜抗旱保收，经济效益令人欣喜，接着完成了贫困户低保全覆盖，还通过成立养羊合作社，盖棚圈，引进畜牧生产科技指导员等方式，既改变了散养羊群破坏生态的弊端，又让村民的养殖业得到发展，收益大增。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli====<br /> <br /> 所有的星期五晚上和周六、周日，都成了赵光明的工作时间。他对自己说，焦裕禄不是说过吗，吃别人嚼过的馍没有味道。作为扶贫办主任，第一手资料，比什么都重要。做了多年计生工作，他还有一个优势，那就是熟悉林西的每一寸土地。现在，他又来了，自己开着车，带着一暖壶水，累了就在车里眯一会，饿了，走到哪里都有小店……全县一百零三个行政村，六百四十五个自然村，他走了不止一遍，一些情况特殊的村子，一些重点贫困户家，他去过四次。赵光明为了在调研中更好更准地掌握第一手资料，他采用深入浅出的方式，通过走村入户发放征求意见表、个别访谈、召开座谈会等，在谈笑风生中和群众打成一片，与群众零距离交流，准确把握贫困群众的贫困现状和当地潜在的资源优势。在充分了解掌握县情民意的基础上，召开各层次人员会议，集思广益，针对贫困群众反映强烈的问题，制定工作规划和年度发展计划，理清工作思路，确立工作目标。杨明霞告诉我，林西的干部们就是能够做到这一点——哪个贫困户家房上掉了一块瓦，他马上就知道。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====席书涵 Xi Shuhan====<br /> <br /> 林西县面积三千九百平方公里，地处内蒙古高原东部边缘，境内河谷、中低山、丘陵相间出现，地形复杂。这里旱灾频发，有“三年两头旱，五年有三旱，十年九春旱”之说。属于典型的老、少、边、穷地区，原本是蒙古巴林部的游牧草原，1908年（清光绪三十四年），清廷准奏，将原定的“巴西县”改为“林西县”，移入农耕百姓，硬是在本不适合种庄稼的草原上开荒种地，此乃当地贫穷老根。 <br /> 赵光明说，林西县最大的劣势就是水浇地少，人均不足两亩，上世纪八十年代林西就是全国计划生育红旗县，现在看，双女结扎户有四千五百二十三户，独生子家庭一万五千户（由于孙子进城带走了父母，留下的爷爷奶奶就成了事实上的孤寡老人），他统计了一下，林西现有六十岁以上老龄人口有五万以上，占总人口的21.7％，大部分的贫困特困户出自这个群体。很快，赵光明向县委县政府提交了自己关于进一步开拓脱贫攻坚工程的整体模式：党建引领，园区带动，以企带村，以社带户，金融全覆盖。经过认真研究，这个思路得以实施。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====夏盼 Xia Pan====<br /> <br /> 赵光明说，这个思路的核心，说一千道一万就是产业，扶贫没有产业，等于龙无头，雄鹰没翅膀，赵光明夜以继日研究的就是搞什么产业能够更有力度地带动贫困村民的问题。妻子从睡梦中爬起来，又是焦急又是心疼，只好化谴责为幽默——赵主任，现在已经是新一天的早晨了，能不能闭上眼睛歇一歇，你累垮了，地球照样转。<br /> 你猜赵光明说什么，他连头都没有抬，眼睛依然盯在摊开的一堆资料上，回了一句：“转是转，慢三圈”。<br /> 在机关，他是一位运筹帷幄的领导；在田间地头，他是一位出谋划策、无微不至的贴心人；面对脱贫攻坚的一个个新课题，他更是一位锲而不舍的学者…… 到扶贫办工作三年，他战胜了病魔，但两鬓日渐斑白，老乡们亲切地叫他老赵头，赵光明也乐呵呵地回答着，后来老乡们和他相处久了，不知道是谁在这个称呼前面加了一句定语——身上有股用不完的劲儿的老赵头，赵光明才说：“为俸禄而工作，那是辛苦的；为工作而工作，那是无味的；为享受而工作，那才是幸福，我把扶贫当作一门艺术，我在享受它，所以就有使不完的劲儿”。<br /> <br /> Zhao Guangming said that the core of this idea is the development of industry. No industry in poverty alleviation means that the dragon has no head and the eagle has no wings. Zhao Guangming has been researching day and night the question of what industry can more effectively help impoverished villagers.<br /> The wife got up, anxious and distressed at the same time, so she had to turn the condemnation into humor - Director Zhao, it is a new morning, can you close your eyes and take a rest, if you are exhausted, the earth still turns. Guess what Zhao Guangming said? he didn't even lift his head, his eyes were still fixed on the pile of information spread out, and he replied: &quot;Turn, but slow three laps.&quot; In the office, he is a leader who is good at planning and operating; in the field, he is a caring person who has a lot of ideas and is meticulous; in the face of new topics in poverty alleviation, he is a persevering scholar... Working in the Poverty Alleviation Office for three years, he overcame the disease, but his temples were gradually graying. The villagers affectionately called him Lao Zhaotou, and Zhao Guangming answered cheerfully. Later, villagers got along with him for a long time, and I don't know who added an attributive phrase in his name - the old Zhao who has an inexhaustible energy, Zhao Guangming said: &quot;Working for a salary is hard; working for work, it is tasteless; working for enjoyment , that is happiness, I regard poverty alleviation as an art, and I am enjoying it, so I have endless energy.”<br /> <br /> ====夏依颐 Xia Yiyi ====<br /> <br /> 赵光明与县领导多次外出考察、查阅大量资料，经过多方可行性调研，将德青源二百五十万只金鸡、正邦二百万头生猪全产业链、15.6MW光伏农场等产业扶贫项目引入林西县，依托这些重点项目和农牧业龙头企业的支持，通过“企业+基地+农户”的方式，创造了符合地域实际的甜菜、金鸡、生猪、中草药、野果五种产业脱贫模式，建立了企业与贫困户之间的利益联结机制，全县所有具备生产能力的贫困人口获得产业扶贫全覆盖，获得来自生产性、财产性、劳务性和资产性四个方面收入。二零一七年，这五种产业发展模式共带动建档立卡贫困人口八千八百六十三户、一万六千五百七十三人，占贫困人口总数的82.6%，人均增收一千六百五十元。同时，通过整合财政涉农资金，撬动金融资本和社会资本参与，推行“园区+企业+农户+贫困户”经营模式。 全县投资四十三亿元，开工建设脱贫产业园区两处，带动建档立卡贫困人口两千零三十五户 、四千六百七十九人，人均增收一千五百元。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====夏紫纯 Xia Zichun====<br /> <br /> 遍地开花的扶贫产业，给贫困群众带来了信心，赢得了群众对精准脱贫工作的支持。呈现出巨大的带动力量和令人欣喜的前景。 <br /> 采访中，我们谈起中草药和饲料种植，赵光明信手拈来，谈到这个中草药产业链延续，他的还真是有好思路，他告诉我，黄芪特别适合在旱地种植，一般两年可收，若不收，来年继续生长，年头越长，药用价值越高，一般药厂用主干做切片，用毛须做药丸，那么延续下去，一些梗叶等可以直接粉碎，加入牛羊鸡饲料，其药用价值在牛羊身上可以继续发挥作用，另外，例如牧草紫花苜蓿，可以种在水果林间，一旦种下，永远不用重复种，年年收益……说起这些，赵光明的眼睛直发亮，仿佛看见了大片的绿水青山，金山银山。<br /> <br /> The widespread prosperity of the anti-poverty industry brought confidence to the poor and won the support of the people for targeted poverty eradication efforts. It showed great driving power and a promising future. In one interview, we talked about the cultivation of Chinese herbs and feed, and Zhao Guangming talked with conviction about the continuation of the herb industry chain. He really had a good idea, telling me that the astragalus was particularly suitable for growing in dry land and could generally be harvested in two years. If not, it would continue to grow the following year and the longer the years, the higher the medicinal value. Usually pharmacies used the main stem of the herb for slicing and its hairs and whiskers for pills. Some of the stalks and leaves could then be crushed directly and added to the feed of cattle, sheep and chickens, so that the medicinal value continued to be useful in cattle and sheep. In addition, the forage grass alfalfa, for example, could be planted among the fruit groves and once planted，it never had to be replanted and could yield year after year. Talking about this, Zhao Guangming’s eyes sparkled as if he had witnessed a large area of green mountains and golden hills.<br /> <br /> The prosperous rural industries for lifting the poor out of poverty have encouraged people and won their support for targeted poverty alleviation.The industries, as driving forces for rural economy, have shown their exiting prospects.In a interview, when it came to the planting Chinese herbs and feed, Zhao had his own ideas about the development of Chinese herbal medicine industrial chain. Astragalus, a kind of Chinese herb, was particularly suitable for growing in dry land, generally harvested in two years. If not being dug, astragalus would be of higher value in the ensuing years of growth. Pharmaceutical factories usually cut the rhizome of astragalus into pieces and use its root hair for pills. Besides, the leaves and twigs of it could be smashed and added to the feed of chicken cattle and sheep to provide medicinal virtues for the animals. A sort of herb and forage, alfalfa, if planted among fruit trees, would yield good returns each year, never in need of re-planting. When Zhao was talking of those herbs, his eyes glittered as if he had seen a wealthy rural land with lucid water and green mountains. <br /> <br /> <br /> 要做就做最好的、最强的，这是赵光明的口头禅。德清源集团是全国最大的蛋鸡企业，德青源在林西租地建厂，贫困户年收租金10％，德清源吸收贫困户做工，每月工资三千余元，同时，拉动周边农民种植饲料，将周边农民合作社和个体养鸡生产纳入他们的渠道进行统一管理销售，还接纳大批农村大学生回乡就业。目前，德清源已经成为林西扶贫的支柱产业，也成了当地农民心中自己的企业，百姓富裕了，企业也因此越做越好，大伙说，扶贫办真是给自己的家乡做了件一举多得的大好事儿。<br /> <br /> “To be the best and the strongest if we do something”, this is Zhao Guangming’s mantra. Deqingyuan Group, the country’s largest egg-laying chicken output enterprise, rented land in Linxi to build factories. This enterprise collected 10% of the annual rent from poor households and also employed poor people, who were paid more than 3,000 yuan a month. At the same time, it encouraged nearby farmers to grow feed and brought surrounding farmers’ co-operatives and individual chicken production into their channels for unified management and sales. What's more，it also accepted a large number of rural graduates who returned to their hometowns for employment. At present, Deqingyuan has become a pillar industry for poverty alleviation in Linxi, and has also become an enterprise in the hearts of local farmers themselves. The people are richer, and the business is getting better as a result. The people say that the poverty alleviation office has really done more than a great job for their hometown.<br /> <br /> “Be the best and the strongest.”Zhao often said so. Deqingyuan Group, the largest enterprise for laying hens, rented land in Linxi to build factories.The company paid 10% of their fixed investment per year as rental to benefit the poor families and employed local impoverished people with monthly wages of over 3000 yuan.It advocated farmers nearby to plant forage crops as well as merged with local peasants’ cooperatives and individual households farming hens for unified management and sales. More over, it welcomed locally born university graduates who would like to come back to their hometown to work. Today Deqingyuan Group has played a leading role in poverty alleviation through industrial development in Linxi.It has grown bigger and won good reputation among local people as a result of helping them get rid of poverty. Linxi people praised the local Poverty Relief Office for its efforts in building a better Linxi.<br /> <br /> ====向明慧 Xiang Minghui====<br /> <br /> 站在高速路边上接车队的事儿，发生在二零一七年十一月二十九日，德清源企业从河北房山往林西运送第一批鸡苗，总计六十万只。从早上到深夜，赵光明时刻惦记着路上的鸡苗，用他自己的话说，我呀，从来没有过如此这般的坐立不安，当初得知自己生了病，自己都是淡定自若，今天是实在坐不住了，恨不能一眼见到那些小鸡苗。赵光明说，我就是不去接，呆在家里能睡着吗？这六十万只鸡苗，一路行程十小时，天气寒冷，它们会不会受凉，没有水喝，会不会生病，一路乘车，会不会出现颠簸拥挤？一旦出现点什么问题，企业受损失不说，当地农民的信心也会受挫。<br /> 当赵光明跟着浩浩荡荡的运输车，进入了车间，在温暖明亮的车间里，双手捧起一只小鸡仔，抚摸着它柔软的羽毛，看着它滴溜溜转的小眼珠，周围小雨一般的鸡叫声包围着，赵光明心里的喜悦溢于言表，他的部下和企业人员看到了他噙在眼睛里的一片湿润。<br /> <br /> On November 29th, 2017, Deqingyuan Group’s first batch of chicks, totally 600,000, were transported from Fangshan, Hebei Province to the Xilin County. From early morning till midnight, Zhao stood near the highway, waiting for the chicks. “I hadn’t been so anxious even when I’d been told to have an operation. But that time, I could hardly remain calm. I was longing to see their safe arrival. I couldn’t fall asleep at home. I was worried about the chicks. I couldn’t help thinking whether those chicks would suffer from coldness, thirsty, diseases, jostle, or bumpiness during their 10-hour trip. If any trouble had came up, the local enterprise would have paid for it while many farmers would have been disappointed.”said Zhao. Later, he followed the trucks carrying chicks into a warm and light workshop where he held a chick in his hands, stroke its soft leathers and stared at its small rolling eyes. He was submerged in their cluck and also in thrill. His welling up tears were seen by factory workers and his subordinates.<br /> <br /> ====肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 2018年，林西县提前一年通过严格的第三方验收，成功脱贫摘帽，2018年荣获全国扶贫攻坚组织创新奖。赵光明说，摘帽并不等于工作的结束，脱贫不脱帮扶，对于贫困户，我们必须扶上马，送一程，脱贫和下一步的乡村振兴之间没有空隙，必须连在一起的。<br /> <br /> In 2018, Linxi County passed the strict third-party inspection one year ahead of schedule, and successfully eradicated poverty. In 2018, it won the National Poverty Alleviation Organization Innovation Award.Zhao Guangming said: &quot; The completion of poverty alleviation does not mean the end of the work and the end of assistance to poverty. For the poor households, we must give them a leg up to get them going. There is no gap between poverty alleviation and the next step of rural revitalization. It must be linked together.”<br /> <br /> 我到林西采访赵光明主任的时候，他正和从前一样在去十二吐村入户调查的途中。<br /> <br /> When I went to Linxi to interview Director Zhao, he was on his way to the Shiertu village for household investigation.<br /> <br /> 当我写完这段文字，赵光明主任通过微信给我发来了好几个奖状——《2018年全区脱贫攻坚扶贫系统先进个人》《 林西县改革开放40周年脱贫攻坚先进工作者》《赤峰市2018年脱贫攻坚先进个人》《全市优秀党务工作者》……看得出，虽然他已经被提拔到了赤峰市社科联副主席的新岗位上，但是他仍然为自己曾投身扶贫攻坚这一伟大的历史壮举，感到无比的光荣和自豪。<br /> <br /> When I finished writing this paragraph, Director Zhao sent me several certificates of merit through WeChat: &quot;2018 Advanced Individual in poverty alleviation system&quot;, &quot;advanced workers for poverty alleviation of the 40th anniversary of the reform and opening up of in Linxi County&quot;, &quot;advanced individual of 2018 poverty alleviation in Chifeng city&quot;, &quot;municipal outstanding Party affairs workers &quot;...We can tell that although he has been promoted to be vice chairman of the Chifeng Federation of Social Sciences, he is still proud of devoting himself in the great historical feat of poverty alleviation.<br /> <br /> 通讯：内蒙古呼伦贝尔市文联 刘爱萍<br /> （河西新区政务大楼d2）手机13304700183<br /> <br /> Correspondent: Liu Aiping, d2 of Hexi New District Government Affairs Building, Federation of Literary and Art Circles in Hulun Buir City, Inner Mongolia<br /> <br /> Phone number: 13304700183<br /> <br /> ====肖娜 Xiao Na====<br /> <br /> 赛拜诺书记<br /> Secretary Saibainuo<br /> 艾平<br /> Aiping<br /> <br /> 此前，“阿什罕苏木那林高勒嘎查” 这十一个字，对于姚远来说，就像原本熟悉的一堆宝石，此时突然被连缀成了一条异样又斑斓的项链，其汉字的内涵不翼而飞，变得像天外来客的诗句一样难以破解，这深邃的组合意味着怎样的隐秘，她很想知道。<br /> <br /> Previously, for Yao yuan, the 11 characters&quot;Ashkhan Sum Nalingaole Gacha&quot; was just like a pile of familiar gemstones, but suddenly were stung into a different and colorful necklace. The connotations of the characters were missing and hard to understand as poems from outside world and Yao wanted to know what the profound combination meant.<br /> <br /> Previously, for Yao yuan, the four characters &quot;Ashkhan Sum Nalingaole Gacha&quot; were just like a pile of familiar gemstones, but suddenly were clustered together and turned into a different and gorgeous necklace. The connotations of the characters disappeared, getting mysterious just like alien's verses. Yao curiously wanted to know what was the secret behind this profound combination.<br /> <br /> 姚远，80后，女性，汉族。大学毕业之后，在翁牛特旗旗司法局工作。2018年被组织部门选调到那林高勒任驻村第一书记，她属于初出茅庐，以往只有短期的机关工作经历。 <br /> <br /> Yaoyuan, post-80s generation, female, ethnic Han. After graduated from her university, she worked in Justice Bureau of Wengniut Banner. In 2008, selected by organization department to be the First Secretary in Nalinggaole village, she was new to this because she had only worked in government agencies for a short time.<br /> <br /> Yao yuan, post-80s generation, female, ethnic Han. After graduating from university, she worked in the Justice Bureau of Wengniut Banner. In 2008, selected by the organization department to be the First Secretary in Nalinggaole village, she knew nothing as she had only worked in the organs for a short time. <br /> <br /> 阿什罕苏木那林高勒嘎查，阿什罕苏木那林高勒嘎查……姚远开始用舌头一遍遍盘这个名字。阿什罕——平坦的草原上崛起的山包，苏木——乡镇，那林高勒——细长的河，嘎查——村。她终于念顺嘴了，弄明白了。<br /> <br /> Ashkhan Sum Nalingaole Gacha, Ashkhan Sum Nalingaole Gacha...Yao started to repeat the name. &quot; Ashkhan&quot; means the hills rising on the plain grasslands, &quot;Sum&quot; means towns, &quot;Nalinggaole&quot; means the long rivers and &quot;Gacha&quot; means villages. Knowing about these meanings, she repeated it smoothly.<br /> <br /> Ashkhan Sum Nalingaole Gacha, Ashkhan Sum Nalingaole Gacha... Yao started to repeat the name.&quot; Ashkhan&quot; means the hills rising on the plain grasslands, &quot;Sum&quot; means towns, &quot;Nalinggaole&quot; means the long rivers and &quot;Gacha&quot; means villages. Understanding their meanings, she finally repeated smoothly.<br /> <br /> 姚远没有更多的准备，带着匆匆学会的一句蒙语“赛拜诺”出发了。<br /> <br /> Hadn't made more preparations, Yao set out with a mongolian &quot;Saibainuo&quot; learned in a hurry.<br /> <br /> Hadn't prepared well, Yao set off with a monolian &quot;Saibainuo&quot; learned in haste.<br /> <br /> ====肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin====<br /> <br /> 春天里。周边的沙地草原上，绿意复苏，正一寸寸地覆盖黄沙，太阳露脸的时间长了，泥土里孕育了一冬的霜雪，徐徐升腾成潮湿的空气。羊群，牛群如梦初醒，四处觅食。杏花嫩嫩的少女脸，从每一家的院子里探出头来欢迎姚远的到来。<br /> <br /> In spring, the surrounding sand and grassland burst into life with green covering sand by inch. As the days grew longer, forest and snow which soil gave birth to accumulated in the winter, evaporated into damp air. Sheep and cattle came out of reverie and grazed everywhere. Tender apricots in each of the homes peeped their heads to welcome Yao yuan's arrival. <br /> <br /> 相对于赤峰境内更多的半农半牧村庄，这里是纯牧区。这个纯字，主要体现在语言上，嘎查的乡亲们都讲蒙语。这里的年轻人，出去上过学的，蒙汉语兼通，他们一般对客人使用汉语。不过一旦使用汉语和你交流，与你就有了无形的距离，等于告诉你，你不属于这里，你是客人。<br /> <br /> Compared with semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral villages in Chifeng more, Gazha was a pure pastoral area. The pure mainly reflected on the language as folks in Gazha all said Mongolian. The young people here who went to school outside Gazha, were able to speak both Mongolian and Mandarin and usually spoke Mandarin to guests. But once they communicated Mandarin to you, it separated you invisibliy, which indicated that as a guest, you don't belong here. <br /> <br /> <br /> 姚远开始入户摸底。她面带真诚的笑容，一心想摸清情况，以便因人施策，尽快让这里的贫困户从困境中摆脱出来。她以为使用蒙语问候一下，距离就会拉近。见到大姐，她不说你好，而是说赛拜诺，见到大爷她也先问一声赛拜诺。村民一听蒙语，感到挺亲切，高高兴兴回答她“赛拜诺，赛拜诺”，接着就用蒙语和她对话，问她是谁。她立马听不懂了，人家一看她愣愣的表情，就转身忙自己手里的活计去了。时间一长，老乡们就知道了，这个新来的年轻女书记，就会一句蒙语，牧区的事儿知道的不多。传来传去，姚远就有了一个外号——“赛拜诺书记”。姚远知道了，不仅尴尬，更是着急。<br /> <br /> Yao yuan started door-to-door household surveys. She smiled sincerely and was bent on making a clear investigation so as to help low income families out of economic stuck. She thought greetings in Mongolian could approach them. Seeing older sisters, instead of saying nihao in Mandarin, she said saibainuo. Meeting old men, she would also say saibainuo first. Folks hearing it, felt kind and happily replied:&quot; saibainuo,saibainuo...&quot;. Then, they continued to talk with her in Mongolian, asking who she was. Yan cannot understand immediately and folks seeing her in a silly daze looking, turned to go about their own businesses. Over time, villagers knew that this young female secretary understood only one Mongolian sentence and didn't know much about the pastoral area. Rumors passing around, Yao got a new nickname called &quot;saibainuo secretary&quot;. Hearing this, Yan felt not just awkward, but anxious.<br /> <br /> ====谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu ====<br /> <br /> 驻村工作队一共五个人，除了姚远自己以外，其余四位同志，全是使用蒙语交流的蒙古族干部。在工作中，他们为了照顾姚远，硬扭着自己使用汉语，说着说着却往往不由自主地回到了母语中。到了工作之余，同志们难免要放松一下呀，聊聊生活，开个玩笑，这时候姚远只能在一旁看着，看到人家笑，她也跟着傻笑。 <br /> 姚远下决心学蒙语，每天不管多忙，都要强迫自己记住几个蒙语单词，记住了，虽然说得笨笨磕磕，也要硬着头皮用一用。她知道不说，就永远张不开嘴，虽然学会蒙语，不是一朝一夕的事儿，但必须争分夺秒，学了就用。她每一天都在忙着和时间赛跑，因为村党支部和村委会，加上驻村工作队全体成员，平均年龄五十大多，只有她一个人会使用电脑，她这个第一书记，白天要入户帮扶，张罗给贫困户解决各种困难，晚上还要点灯熬油，汇总各种数字，填报各种表格，撰写各种材料……所以，她只能利用在食堂吃饭的时候，到贫困户家办事的时候，见缝插针地试巴几句蒙语。<br /> 登记羊的时候，她不说一只羊，说，讷个好尼；看牛的时候，她不说五个牛，说塔布五斯。见了大姐，她改口叫额格齐，见了大哥她改口叫阿哈。每当她安排蒙汉语兼通的同志给牧民讲政策，她自己先当学生，坐在一边细细地听，慢慢琢磨蒙语的表达逻辑和汉语的表达逻辑有什么不同之处，她渐渐地发现，蒙语是一种非常智慧、非常优美的语言。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====谢茜敏 Xie Ximin====<br /> <br /> 有一天，村民开会，男男女女来了一屋子人。姚远提前就准备好了，她在主持会的时候，似乎无意地点起了村民的名字。先叫女人的名字：“乌兰琪琪格” 让后再用汉语翻译一遍：“红色的花”，以此类推：“娜仁琪琪格，太阳花”“乌仁琪琪格，有灵性的花”“曹布敦琪琪格，像珍珠一样的花”“曹布敦其木格，圆润的珍珠”；再点男人的名字：“赛音图，好男子汉”“新吉乐图，有财富的男子汉”“巴雅尔图，聪明的男人”“青格勒图，辽阔明朗的男人”“曹克图，精神抖擞，英姿飒爽的男子汉”。没想到会场一下子热闹起来了，这个给她纠正微瑕，那个向她介绍还有哪一位“琪琪格”今天没来，告诉她还有哪一位“图”是个小青年，在外边做买卖。姚远想起了一本书上的话——文化就是一条通道，可以使人们从四面八方走到一起，没有一个民族不喜欢敬重自己文化的人。果然，姚远感觉到，从那天开始，村民再见到她，明显不一样了。她再说“赛拜诺”，牧民便会接过话来，用蒙语告诉她，专项扶贫资金买的小羊羔拉回来了，然后再用汉语重复一遍，要是遇到了她听不懂的蒙语，村民又不会用汉语表达的时候，村民就会折断柳条，在地上画图，配上汉语单词和肢体比划，最终让她弄明白啥意思。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou ====<br /> <br /> 第一书记的工作就这样进入了轨道。<br /> 一天，姚远带领工作队的同志们进门调研贫困户情况，突然接到了一个电话。电话里说，姚书记呀，我要和你谈谈。 <br /> 谈什么呢？<br /> 谈的问题多了去了。<br /> 那您是哪位？<br /> 来电话的人说我叫李柏寿。<br /> 姚远说，好的，好的。现在不方便，回头去你家，咱们见面谈好不好？<br /> 这时候有人从背后轻轻地拽了一下姚远。姚远回头一看，是个知情人。<br /> 他告诉姚远，李柏寿可是个人物，他的特点就是爱告状，赤峰去过，呼和浩特去过，北京也去过。如果问起他告状的原因，能回到八十年代，你就听吧，那记性，跟录音机似的，那嘴，跟鹰嘴似的，词儿硬，得理不让人。姚书记，这人不是贫困户，要我看，可听可不听，再说咱们够忙的啦。<br /> “那他为啥告状啊？”<br /> “陈芝麻烂谷糠吧，都是咱们解决不了的事儿。”<br /> On the first day, the secretary's work was on the right track.<br /> One day, Yao Yuan led a team to investigate the situation of poor households, and suddenly received a call. &quot;Secretary Yao, I want to talk to you.&quot;<br /> &quot;What do you want to talk about?&quot;<br /> &quot;There are too many problems to talk about.&quot;<br /> &quot;And who are you?&quot;<br /> The caller said: &quot;My name is Li Boshou.&quot;<br /> Yao Yuan said, &quot;Fine. I am busy now. Shall we talk later when I visit your home?&quot;<br /> At this time, someone gently pulled Yao Yuan from behind. When Yao Yuan looked back, he was an insider.<br /> He said: &quot;Li Baishou is a terrible man. He loves to complain and has been to many places, including Chifeng, Hohhot, and Beijing. If you ask him why he complained, he can take you back to the 1980s. His memory is like a tape recorder and his mouth is like a hawk's mouth. When talking to him, he always has good reasons. Secretary Yao, his family is not poor. In my opinion, we can listen to him or not. Besides, we are busy enough. &quot;<br /> &quot;Then why did he complain?&quot;<br /> &quot;What he complains about are all unimportant matters that we can't solve.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====谢紫佳 Xie Zijia====<br /> <br /> 姚远自从驻村以后，每天都在边工作边思考，她意识到自己缺少的不仅是语言沟通能力，还缺少对这片土地历史文化的了解，有的时候她感觉自己就是一棵易地搬迁的树。你来的时候，根被原来的那坨泥土包裹着，如果你始终在那坨土里盘绕，最后肯定因为缺失营养而枯干，所以你的当务之急就是继续深扎，呼吸这里的空气，吸吮这里的山水，直至成为真正属于这片土地的植物。<br /> Yao Yuan has been thinking while working every day since she was stationed in the village. She realizes that what she lacks is not only the ability to communicate in language, but also the understanding of the history and culture of the land, and sometimes she feels that she is a tree that has been relocated.When you came here, your roots were wrapped in the original pile of soil, if you always coiled in that pile of soil, you will surely dry up in the end because the lack of nutrition, so your urgent task is to continue to root deeply, breathe the air here, suck the landscape here, until you become a plant that really belongs there.<br /> 这个李柏寿能够告诉自己什么呢？他是一个在这片土地上生活了一辈子的老年人，记性像录音机，又有语言表述能力，不正自己求之不得的吗？再说，作为党员干部不能失信于民，已经答应去他家谈，那就必须去。<br /> What can this Li Baishou tell himself? He is an old man who has lived on this land all his life, with a memory like a tape recorder and the ability to express himself in words, which is what he reallly wants?Besides , as a party member can not break faith with people, as has already promised to go to his home to have a talk, then must go. <br /> 姚远所见过的村民，大都朴实拘谨，见到干部搓着两只手腼腆地笑，问他点事情，总是用简短的语言回答你，很少遇到滔滔不绝地跟你唠起来没完没了的主儿。<br /> The villagers Yao Yuan has seen before, mostly simple and formal, rubbing two hands with shyly smile when see the members, ask him something , always answer you with a short word, rarely encounter the endless chatter with you.<br /> <br /> ====熊丹 Xiong Dan====<br /> <br /> 到了李柏寿家，姚远考虑了一下，为了能够更深入地和李柏寿沟通，她决定一个人和他谈，便让同来的工作队员暂时离开。这个李柏寿和他的老伴，可真让姚远开了眼，人家那叫不慌不忙，娓娓道来。他们的回忆从上个世纪八十年代的土地包产到户，到近期的村小组内的利益冲突；从整个嘎查在土地、沙漠、林地、水库的产权变更过程的每一次纠纷，到这个纠纷对当今的影响，他们全都一股脑儿倒了出来，还不时穿插引用一些法律条文，加以分析佐证，说得那叫头头是道。随着他们的讲述，姚远开始在自己的大脑里放电影，嘎查周围的草场、水库、山林一一浮现，这些地方她大致看过，现在想想，如果再去看时，自己或许就能在一定程度上，可以用老百姓的视角从自然禀赋、生产资料所有权、土地流转过程中的矛盾等方面了解村情民情，今后扶贫施策，如果涉及到这一切，心里又有了一些参考。没有调查研究，就没有发言权，说得真对。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====徐思禹 Xu Siyu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 姚远一直没有插话，静静地听着，时间在李柏寿一会儿慷慨陈词，一会絮絮叨叨的节奏中，不知不觉的过了两个多钟头。突然，李柏寿像是被谁从梦中叫醒了似地，闭上了嘴巴。<br /> 姚远说：“大叔你怎么不讲了。我还没听够呢？”<br /> 李柏寿说：“逗你大叔呢？从前的多少个上级，没有一个不嫌乎我磨叽的，总是说你到底有啥要求，快说，我们还有事儿，就走人了。你今天是让我把话都说完了。”<br /> 姚远说：“大叔你还没说完，你说的这些事都是过去的，过去的事儿和现在有啥关系啊？”<br /> 李柏寿一拍脑袋，可不是，他话题走的太远，居然忘了目的地。<br /> 原来李柏寿说这些，是为证明他家在当初分草场时曾经遇到了不公平，他说，现在也知道这是很难翻回去的旧账本，但是我不说又有谁知道到底是怎么回事呢。 姚远细问后明白了，老两口的最终诉求就是请政府不要把他的低保户取消。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====颜琦 Yan Qi ====<br /> <br /> 他家原有一万余亩草牧场，当时他们家两个儿子没结婚，两个闺女没出嫁，这是按六口人分给他们家的草场，现在国家每年按照这个面积，给他们家发放草牧场补贴，届时一并打到李柏寿的卡上，李柏寿再将儿女的那部分转分给儿女。可是在审定低保户资格的时候，工作人员发现了这个问题，一算账，两口人有这么多草场收入，怎么能当低保户呢？就核销了他家的低保户待遇。 <br /> 姚远告诉李柏寿和他老伴，我从一个法律工作者的角度分析，过去的问题时间太长了不是那么容易就能解决的，你到处告状也不是解决问题的最好办法，尤其是越级上访，是会触犯法律的。建议你们进行人民调解，实在不行也可以提起诉讼，但是，无论用什么样的办法，都得有充足的证据，仅仅依靠简单的村民证言，是没有法律效力的。另外，你们老两口年龄大了，当下最重要的是把身体养好，日子过好，最好不要多劳心动气。老两口听了姚远话，若有所思，眉头渐渐舒展开了。<br /> <br /> ====杨思吟 Yang Siyin====<br /> <br /> 刻不容缓，姚远立即着手调查，认定李柏寿老两口的财务清晰，草牧场补贴中的确包括其儿女的部分。更正厘清这件事需要联系乡政府民政、畜牧、财政等部门，姚远特事特办，专门抽出时间，跑这几个部门，有时候一天跑两三趟，最终再次确认他们老两口同意，将当年的草牧场补贴中他子女的部分如数打到他们各自的一卡通上，这样，按照低保的纳入标准，他们老两口被纳入了低保范围，可以享受相关的国家政策。<br /> 这低保还真是救急。一个月后，李柏寿老伴因为腹部长了一个肿瘤住进了医院，他给姚远打电话的时候声音很低，明显没有了往日的慷慨激昂。姚远有点担心这位老人，利用周末休息的时候，带着孩子到医院去看望了他们，临走的时候给他们留下了二百块钱，让他们买点水果。他们看到姚远的儿子跟妈妈一起来了，由衷地对孩子说，你妈妈真是好干部。 <br /> 老两口的脸上，昔日的怨气和忧愁一点点消失了，工作队又按照一系列扶贫政策，将他家列入全村统一工程，盖了三十平米的新房，拉了电，打了井，老两口感激地说：“七十多岁了，新生活才刚刚开始，多亏有了党的好政策和你们这些好干部。”<br /> <br /> <br /> ====杨晰微 Yang Xiwei====<br /> <br /> 姚远乘公交车回家，遇到他们老两口去旗里复查，看见姚远上了车，李柏寿急忙从兜里掏出二十元钱给了司机，说是这个闺女的车费。姚远赶紧说这怎么能行，李柏寿说：“行你处处观照俺们，就不行让我们表表心意，有个礼尚往来？书记我们心里啥都明白，明白你真是不容易，平时驻村，周末还经常开会办事，跟孩子在一起的时间太少了，为啥带着孩子去看我们，那不就是舍不得离开孩子，又放不下我们吗。”<br /> 理解就是鼓励。李柏寿的话，让姚远眼睛里一下子涌出了泪水。<br /> 嘎查有一个患直肠癌的贫困户村民，每个月都需要到赤峰市医院进行化疗，按照旗里的健康扶贫政策，他每次化疗完需要准备好收据、诊断书、药品清单等材料提交到苏木医保所，审核通过后由旗社保局进行医疗费兜底。因为他本身生病，妻子每天忙着照顾他，还要种地喂养牲畜，导致有两次没能按时提交出院材料，未能尽快报销，为他下一次住院增加了经济压力，也使工作队的健康扶贫任务不能很好完成。姚远去看他，说大哥把这件事交给我跑吧。这位大哥说：“可不敢，可不敢，哪能劳动领导呢。”<br /> 姚远说：“大哥，啥领导啦，叫妹子，我有私家车，一脚油门就去了，别客气。”<br /> <br /> When she took the bus home, Yao Yuan happened to meet the old couple who were going to the county to have a physical reexamination. Seeing that she got on the bus, Li Boshuo hurriedly drew out 20 Yuan from his pocket to the driver and said it was the fare for her.<br /> Yao immediately said that it was not appropriate. Li replied:”You can care and help us but don’t let us express our thanks to you. Shall we treat you the way you treat us? Secretary, we are all clear that it is not easy for you. You usually stay in the village and often have meetings and handle affairs on weekends. Therefore, you have little time spending with your child. Why do you bring him to visit us? That is because you are unwilling to leave him while concerning about us.”<br /> <br /> When she took the bus go home, Yao Yuan happened to meet the old couple who were going to the county to have a physical reexamination. Seeing that she got on the bus, Li Boshuo hurriedly drew out 20 Yuan from his pocket to the driver and said it was the fare for her.<br /> Yao immediately said that it was not appropriate. Li replied:”You can care and help us but don’t let us express our thanks to you. Shall we treat you the way you treat us? Secretary, we are all clear that it is not easy for you. You usually stay in the village and often have meetings and handle affairs on weekends. Therefore, you have little time spending with your child. Why do you bring him to visit us? That is because you are unwilling to leave him while concerning about us.”<br /> <br /> Understanding was encouragement. His words made her eyes welled up with tears.<br /> <br /> Understanding was encouragement. His words made her eyes welled up with tears.<br /> <br /> There was a poor villager diagnosed with carcinoma of the rectum in Gacha. He had to receive chemotherapy every month in the Chifeng hospital. According to the health poverty alleviation policy of the county, he should prepare such materials as receipt, diagnosis certificate and drug list and hand in them to the village Medical Insurance Institute after each treatment. The county Social Security Bureau would cover his health expenses after approval. Because of his illness, his wife was busy with looking after him and had to farm and feed livestock every day. As a result, they failed to submit the material on time twice and couldn’t reimburse the expenses, which not only added economic pressure on his next treatment but also made it hard to realize the task of poverty alleviation in health. Yao came to see him. ”Let me help you with this matter,”said she. The man refused:”I dare not. I dare not to bother you. You are our leader.” <br /> Yao replied:”Brother, what leader? Take me as your sister. I have a car. It is very fast and I can arrive there soon. It is not a big deal.”<br /> <br /> There was a poor villager diagnosed with carcinoma of the rectum in Gacha. He have to receive chemotherapy every month in the Chifeng hospital. According to the health poverty alleviation policy of the county, he should prepare such materials as receipt, diagnosis certificate and drug list and hand in them to the village Medical Insurance Institute after each treatment. The county Social Security Bureau would cover his health expenses after approval. Because of his illness, his wife was busy to looking after him and had to farm and feed livestock every day. As a result, they failed to submit the material on time twice and couldn’t reimburse the expenses, which not only added economic pressure on his next treatment but also made it hard to realize the task of poverty alleviation in health. Yao came to see him. ”Let me help you with this matter,”she said . The man refused:”I dare not. I dare not to bother you. You are our leader.” <br /> Yao replied:”Brother, what leader? Take me as your sister. I have a car. It is very fast and I can arrive there soon. It is not a big deal.”<br /> <br /> ====余海铭 Yu Haiming====<br /> <br /> 这个正在为此发愁的大哥，一看姚远说得这么实在，每次出院后，就把各种材料原件一并交给姚远，姚远帮他复印后，上报到苏木医保所，审核无误再将原件给他送回去，保证了每次报销的医药费准时到账。有位工作队员说“我们书记够忙的了，这跑来跑去的活儿，不应该是她干的。”姚远赶紧示意他打住。自己乐呵呵说：“一脚油门的事儿，一脚油门到底事儿……” <br /> The elder brother who is worried about it thinks that Yao Yuan is so honest. He gives Yao Yuan the original copies of all kinds of materials every time he leaves the hospital. After Yao Yuan copies them for him, he reports them to the Sumu Medical Insurance Institute, and sends them back to him after they are verified to be correct, ensuring that the medical expenses reimbursed each time will arrive on time. One of the team members said, &quot;Our secretary is busy enough. She shouldn't be the one who does this work.&quot; Yao Yuan quickly reminded him to stop. He said happily: &quot;One foot on the accelerator, one foot on the accelerator...&quot; <br /> <br /> <br /> 在姚远的眼睛里，只要利于扶贫的，无论大事小事，都是她最愿意干的事儿，都是最值得去做的事。<br /> For Yao Yuan, as long as it is conducive to poverty alleviation, no matter big or small, she is the most willing to do, and is most worth doing.<br /> <br /> <br /> 嘎查还有一个贫困户的情况个特殊。他叫青格勒图，平时老实巴交，喝点酒，胆子和脾气就不一样了。四年前他想买几头牛，发展家庭畜牧业。手里没钱，赶上有个搞民间借贷的来了，他也是心急吞了热鸡蛋，没多想，借了一万块的高利贷，结果就陷入了烦恼。到日期了，对方来要账，他竭尽所能，到储蓄ATM取了款，就交给了对方，什么凭据也没留，也不知道向对方索回借条。对方拿走了钱，过一段时间又来要，他说还了，对方说没还，冲突就开始了，对方强硬，他心里窝囊，又不敢惹人家。他想打官司又不知道怎么打，找嘎查，嘎查也没有办法帮他，工作队员到他家了解情况，他喝了闷酒，把工作队员给撵了出来。<br /> There is also a special case of poor households in Gacha. His name is Qinggeletu. He is usually honest and friendly . If he drinks some wine, his courage and temper will be different. Four years ago, he wanted to buy some cattle to develop family animal husbandry. Having no money, he caught up with a private lender. He also swallowed hot eggs in a hurry and borrowed ten thousand yuan of usury without much thought. As a result, he got into trouble. When the date came, they asked for the account. He did his best to withdraw the money from the savings ATM and handed it to them. He did not leave any vouchers and did not know how to get the debit note back from them. They took the money and asked for it again after a period of time. He said he would pay it back. They said he had not paid it back. The conflict started. They were tough. He was afraid to provoke them. He wanted to file a lawsuit, but he didn't know how to do it. He asked Gacha, who couldn't help him. The team members went to his home to learn about the situation. He drank too much and drove the team members out.<br /> <br /> ====曾晨 Zeng Chen====<br /> <br /> 他是贫困户，为了让他振作精神，尽快致富。姚远亲自去做他的思想工作。姚远说：“我不是来帮助你打官司的，你的官司啊，我看打不赢，法律是讲究证据的，咱们没有证据，空口无凭，得不到法律的支持，打到哪里也赢不了。我是来和你商量商量怎么能把家里的日子过得好起来，咱家基础好，你有养殖这方面的经验，抓上几头母猪，很快就能见到小猪仔，要是咱们富起来了，一万块钱还是事儿吗？用得着愁得天天喝闷酒，气得一宿一宿地睡不着觉吗？”，<br /> 最后，青格勒图听进去了姚远的话，在国家产业扶贫政策支持下，种地，养猪，很快进入良性发展轨道，现在不仅已经脱贫，还过上了越来越富裕的日子，一切忧愁都烟消云散了。<br /> 姚远来到那林高勒嘎查的时候，嘎查有一百三十个贫困户，现在已经全部脱贫。姚远高兴之余，会在下班人静的时候，一个人躲在宿舍里，和远在六十公里之外的儿子来一个视频通话。作为一个母亲，无论工作多么忙，儿子都在她心里最柔软的地方，一分钟都不会离开。儿子刚上小学，他经常问妈妈，别人的妈妈都能参加学校的家长会，你为啥总是好多天让我找不到你，你的家不在咱们家吗？一想到儿子的话，在外人面前女汉子一般的姚远，就会偷偷抹眼泪。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====张海珊 Zhang Haishan====<br /> <br /> 后来，姚远和爱人商量，一定要让儿子知道妈妈为啥很少有时间陪他，知道还有人过着住旧房子，穿旧衣服，有了病治不起的生活，明白妈妈就是为了让他们也和自己家一样有新房子，有面包，有香肠，有汽车，正在辛苦地工作着。姚远不断把嘎查里的生产生活场景拍成视频，发给儿子看，在她不加班的双休日，节假日，就带儿子到嘎查来，一家人一起到贫困户家慰问，聊天，喝香甜的蒙古奶茶……儿子终于知道了酸奶是用牛奶做的，牛奶是从牛的身体里挤出来的，为了获得多的牛奶，要给牛吃草，要把牛放到草原上去觅食……玉米原来是在泥土里长出来的，肯德基的大烤箱里的奶油玉米，是用地里长出来的玉米烹饪的……那些放牛的人，种玉米的人，不应该是贫困户。<br /> <br /> Later, Yao Yuan and her husband decided to let their son know why his mother rarely had time for him. He should know that there are people who still live in old houses, wear old clothes, who don’t have money to cure disease, understanding that his mother is working hard to let them have the same things they have, new houses, bread, sausages, cars. Yao Yuan kept taking videos of the life in Gacha and send to her son. In her non-working weekends, holidays, she took her son to Gacha, the whole family would go to visit the poor households, have a chat and drink sweet Mongolian milk tea ...... Her son finally knew that yogurt is made from milk, milk is squeezed out of the body of the cow. In order to get more milk, the cows have to forage for grass on grassland...... it turns out that corn is grown in the dirt, and the cream corn in the big oven at KFC is corn grown in the ground ...... those who herd cows and grow corn are not supposed to be poor households.<br /> <br /> 驻村第一年，在年末的考核中，嘎查两委成员、驻村工作队队员、村民代表投票，经上级考核，姚远被评为优秀第一书记，得到三万元驻村补贴，姚远将这些钱拿出一大部分，用到集体伙食和工作支出上。到了今年，赶上疫情，嘎查有两家贫困户没来得及卖牛羊，没有钱缴纳合作医疗金，眼看着到了最后的缴费期限，姚远又默默自掏腰包给他们 解决了困难。<br /> <br /> In the end of the first year’s work review, after the superior assessment Yao Yuan was named excellent first secretary by the members of Gacha’s two committees, members of the village task force, the villagers' representatives, she was awarded 30,000 yuan subsidy for working in the village, Yao Yuan took out a large part of this money and used for collective meals and work expenses. This year, two poor households in Gacha did not have time to sell their cattle and sheep due to the pandemic, so they did not have money to pay the cooperative medical funds, just close to the final deadline for payment, Yao Yuan secretly used her own money to solve their difficulties.<br /> <br /> ====张珂珂 Zhang Keke====<br /> <br /> 2019年下半年，姚远被提拔为苏木的组织委员，这就意味着在第一书记的重担上，又加了一副担子。姚远告诫自己，基层工作任重而道远，不是谁都有机会可以投身到这场历史性的攻坚之战的，能够用自己的奋斗，给别人带来幸福的人，是最幸福的人。想成为中华民族伟大复兴的有用之人，无捷径可走，经风雨、见世面才能壮筋骨、长才干。要做起而行之的行动者、不做坐而论道的清谈客，当攻坚克难的奋斗者、不当怕见风雨的泥菩萨，在摸爬滚打中增长才干，在基层历练中积累经验。<br /> 嘎查里乡亲在传说姚书记提拔了，不给咱们当书记了。没想到，姚远和往常一样，又出现在嘎查的村委会里，贫困户的炕头上，集体的牧场上。在一个工地上，她看见几个年轻人，上午十点就停了工作，坐在一起喝酒。姚远觉得挺奇怪。<br /> “你们怎么回事，不好好干活，大上午的喝什么酒？”<br /> “……” 几个年轻人有点羞愧难言。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei ====<br /> <br /> “你们是本嘎查的吗？拿来户口或身份证给我看看？”<br /> 几个年轻人，二话没说，就掏出了身份证和户口本给姚远看。<br /> 姚远不由问这几个毫无顾忌的年轻人：“你们知道我是谁吗，就把证件给我看？”<br /> 没想到这几个年轻人异口同声：“认识认识，早就认识。”<br /> 其中一个小青年有点调皮，他嬉皮笑脸地说：“你不就是那个赛……姚书记吗”<br /> 姚远一听噗呲就笑了，她知道他想说的是——你不就是那个赛拜诺书记吗。<br /> 小青年们接下来的话，让姚远深深感动。他们说：“姚书记，你给咱嘎查人办了那么多好事，我们怎能不信服你。咱嘎查里的人都说，你要走了真舍不得，想留你，又怕耽误你前程……”<br /> 姚远说：“那你们听我的，把酒收了，抓紧干活。”<br /> 小青年们果真听话，收了酒，拿起了手中的工具。<br /> 这一幕，印在了姚远儿子的眼睛里，他和父亲一直站在母亲身后。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====张思诗 Zhang Sishi ====<br /> <br /> 在乌拉布统草原上<br /> <br /> <br /> 说起赤峰市西南部的乌兰布统草原，你即使没有去过，也一定听说过。乌兰布统草原是内蒙古的著名风景区，也是一个有故事的地方。清代这里是皇家木兰围场，也是康熙皇帝以二十万大军歼灭准格尔大汗噶尔丹的古战场。看吧，在起伏辽远的草原上，湖泊、沙地、湿地、林地、河流星罗棋布，回环缭绕，夏季，绿野如翠，净水如玉，百花璀璨，丛林幽幽，冬日，大雪无垠，原驰蜡象，冰清玉洁，有人说这里是整个蒙古高原的缩影，有人说这里是北欧的精粹版。乌兰布统总是让摄影家和游客们流连忘返，点赞不停，没有谁会把眼前的美轮美奂和贫困两个字连在一起，的确，借助身边的风景，靠经营旅游致富，有人成就了自己几辈子的梦想 ，过上了好日子。然而，许多年来，美丽并不是万能的神话，贫困无处不在，乌兰布统苏木最核心的风景地段黄芩塔拉嘎查，就是一个贫困村。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====张婷 Zhang Ting====<br /> <br /> 2016年，年轻的代小飞从旗政法委调到乌兰布统苏木人副苏木达，分管全苏木的扶贫工作，兼任黄芩塔拉驻村第一书记，正值国务院印发《“十三五”脱贫攻坚规划》,要求全党动员，全民参与，在全国范围内，各省市自治区按照精准扶贫精准脱贫的基本方略,因地制宜,分类施策，打赢脱贫攻坚战。乌兰布统离克什克腾旗首府经棚镇一百二十公里，代小飞知道自己这一去，不可能每个双休日都能回家，事实上等于把两个孩子和整个一个家都扔给了妻子照管，妻子是旗司法局的办公室主任，工作很忙，身体状况不太好，在单位也承担着两个贫困户的扶贫任务。关于自己家的诸多事情，代小飞不放心，但是也实在不能多想，到了乌兰布统苏木和黄芩塔拉，迎面而来的工作就像一千匹骆驼似地把他包围了。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====张文琦 Zhang Wenqi ====<br /> <br /> 乌兰布统苏木有六个嘎查，二十七个自然村，计三千七百五十八人，如果按平均值计算，人均年收入一万六千元，生活水平是相对富裕的，全苏木还有因老弱病残造成的贫困户二百六十八户，五百九十二人，其中的黄芩塔拉嘎查为2014年建档立卡贫困村，贫困人口比较集中。代小飞接手扶贫工作后，他沉下心来，带领嘎查两委班子、驻村工作队成员开始了摸底走访，在深入全苏木所有贫困户家的过程中，一边详细了解贫困户的生产生活情况、致贫原因、收入来源和发展意愿等基本情况，一边每天读书思考，研究乌兰布统的历史背景、地理环境、如何解决旅游产业和生态保护的矛盾。不停给自己的大脑充电，成了他的必修课。 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan====<br /> <br /> 乌兰布统草原地广人稀，建国后除了部队的军马场在此驻扎，从事牧业生产的人口并不多，后来当地出台土政策，交一千元就可以迁入，可享受当地牧民待遇，因此外来人口陆续涌入，这些人口的背景很多样，大多数是从贫困地区来的，他们到乌兰布统，一开始放羊放牛放马，后来跟着市场潮流，做起了旅游，一般都是养几匹马，为游客骑行牵马服务。旅游业发展起来之后，很多外地的个体经营者，来到这里建立宾馆酒店，建立娱乐设施，经营旅游，使人口组成更加多元。因此这里虽然是牧区，很多人会说蒙语，但是人们的思维习惯还是以农耕文化和商品意识为基础的，比一般牧区的问题复杂一些。<br /> 刚到不久，代小飞就遇上一件生气的事儿。有一个叫李生宝的牧民，为了占便宜，在政府给牧民投放建立牲畜舍饲棚圈专项扶贫款的时候，和一家不想建棚圈的贫困户私下交易，顶替冒名使用这个贫困户的扶贫款，在自己家院子里盖了一个棚圈。代小飞入户调研的时候，已核对过材料，却发现贫困户的院子里并没有建起来棚圈，于是追问起来，贫困户便支支吾吾地说不清了，代小飞说这是政府给的扶贫补助款，你不发展生产，就不能拨款了。<br /> <br /> With wide land and sparse population, there were not many people engaged in husbandry except for the army horse ranch in the Ulanbu grassland after the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Later, the local government introduced the policy that people could move into this place and enjoy the same treatment as local herdsmen if they paid 1,000 yuan. After the implementation of this policy, there was an influx of people from a variety of backgrounds, mostly from poor areas. They went to Ulan Butong and started herding sheep, cattle and horses at first. Later, following the market trend, they started to engage in tourism, raising several horses and serving tourists by leading horses. Because of the flourishment of local tourism, a lot of out-of-town self-employed people came here to establish hotels, build entertainment facilities, and operate tourism, which made population more diverse here. The grassland was a pastoral area with many people speaking Mongolian, but people’s thinking habits were still based on farming culture and commodity awareness, which made problems here more complex than that in other areas. For example, not long after his arrival, Dai Xiaofei came across an infuriating accident caused by a herdsman named Li Shengbao. Out of his greed, Li made a private deal with a poor family who did not want to build a shelter and used the money to build a shelter in his own yard when the government allocated special funds for herdsmen to build a shelter for livestock. Having checked the list, Dai Xiaofei turned out to find that there was no shelter for livestock in the poor family. When pressed, the poor family’s voice faltered. Seeing that, Dai pointed out that the money was the special funds for poor family which was allocated by the government. And if the poor family don’t use it for production development, the family could not receive the money again.<br /> <br /> ====周子豪 Zhou Zihao ====<br /> <br /> 贫困户只好说实话，原来他的建棚圈补贴项目转手给李生宝了。代小飞说，你领我去，我要见到实物，国家的补贴，一分钱也不能乱用。结果到了李生宝家一看，他家院里果然建起来了一个新棚圈。代小飞说，咋回事儿，你们要说实话。李生宝就是不说，代小飞便一语戳穿——你们这是冒名顶替，是犯法的事儿，我是绝对不能把扶贫款批给你们的。<br /> 代小飞这句话还没落地，李生宝蹭一下冲到了代小飞面前，一副地痞的架势，开口就骂人，使的全是不能重复的低级语言。代小飞完全没有思想准备，愣在那里半天才缓过神来，他说，你不要骂人，我是文明人，不能和你对骂，但是我要告诉你，不论如何你怎么闹，我就是要扣发这笔钱。李生宝一听，撸胳膊挽袖子，一边在身边踅摸打人的东西，一边就冲过来了，嘴里嚷着，你不发钱我就上告……代小飞也火了，他用胳膊一顶拦住了这个发疯的人，可是转身的时候却发现，院子里已经围了很多村民，他们不吱声，干看着，不知道揣的是什么心思。后来一调查，原来嘎查里，还有十几户使用这种冒名顶替的办法廉价转出了扶贫专项款指标，让别人家盖了棚圈。代小飞的话，令嘎查里弥漫起一种剑拔弩张的气氛，十几户擅自低价转手棚圈专项扶贫款的人家，加上十几户擅自接受的人家，在嘎查也是一股不小的力量，一时间，代小飞不论行动起居，都能感觉到背后有冷冷的目光。<br /> <br /> The impoverished family had no choice but to speak the truth. It turned out that his subsidy for barn was transfered to Li Shengbao. Hearing these, Dai Xiaofei said to him, &quot;Show me the way. I must see the barn. Not a penny of the coutry's subsidy should be wasted and abused.&quot; When they finally arrived at Li's house they saw the new-built barn as expected in the yard. &quot;What's the story?&quot; Dai said, &quot;You must tell the truth!&quot; As silent as Li was, Dai confided the truth for him, &quot;This is impostery! This is illegal! I cannot approve the subsidy to you!&quot; Immediately after his words Li dashed in front of Dai like a ruffian swearing with the most vulgar language, for which Dai was certainly not prepared and thus stunned for quite a while. After he recovered from it he said, &quot;Do not swear. I'm a civilised man and I won't call your name back, but I must tell you however unreasonable you are, I will withhold the money.&quot; Irritated by the words, Li rolled his sleeves and fumbled for weapons to attack him, mumbling how he will report him if he withhold the money. Infuriated as well, Dai raised the arms to defense the frenzied attack. When he turned around he noticed many villagers has been gathering around. They were all standing there silently whose inner thoughts no one knows until Dai's investigation. It turned out that they, as Li had done, have all sold their quotas of poverty-alleviation subsidy for a good price with which the buyers have built their own barns. The words of Dai provoked a tensive atmosphere in Gachari. The dozens of sellers and buyers has formed a strong power. From then on, no matter what he does, Dai can feel chilling eyes of villages from back.<br /> <br /> ====庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====<br /> <br /> 草原上的人们饮酒放歌，本是一种于冰天雪地孤独寂寞中生产生活留下的习俗。长期以来，酒就是一把涂上了麻药的双刃剑，给人的东西看上去是快乐，实际上是混沌和鲁莽。牧民每天牵着马，跟着游客在草原上走来走去，每天骑着马赶着羊群翻山过河，辛苦之余，便沉迷在酒杯里，吃一顿饭，喝半天酒，那是常态。代小飞初来乍到，最犯愁的就是组织牧民们开会，特别是在下午，每次连三分之一的人也来不了，来了也带着醉意，你在上边讲，他在底下唱，不高兴了就骂人。酒还是贫困的孪生兄弟，贪酒之人，往往就变得懒惰，变得冲动愚鲁。记得有一次，开会认定贫困户，有个牧民就离了歪斜地站出来了——那谁谁谁能当贫困户，我为什么不能当？代小飞说，对贫困户的认定是有具体条件的，你没困难，争这点待遇干什么，当贫困户光荣吗？当上贫困户是为了摘掉贫困户的帽子，不是一天到晚晒太阳，等着政府送小康，你懂不懂？结果，那个牧民就耍上了酒疯，会被搅乱了，自己还生了一肚子气。怎么办？老村干部老党员们说，酒这个事儿一时是治不了了，等到下一代人的生活不苦了，酒鬼就会少了。代小飞半夜睡不着觉，苦苦琢磨，终于想了一招儿，从那以后把会都安排在上午开，上午人是清醒的。 <br /> <br /> People on the grassland drink and sing, which is a custom left by the lonely production and life in the world of ice and snow. For a long time, wine has been a double-edged sword coated with anesthetic, giving people something that looks happy, but is actually chaotic and reckless. Herdsmen lead horses every day, follow tourists to and fro on the grassland, ride horses and drive sheep across mountains and rivers every day, after hard work, they indulge in wine cups, eat a meal, drink half a day's wine, that is normal.When Dai Xiaofei first arrived, the most worrying thing was to organize a meeting of herdsmen, especially in the afternoon. Every time, even one third of the people could not come. When they came, they were drunk. You talked at the top, he sang at the bottom, and cursed when they were unhappy. Wine is also the twin brother of poverty, and people who are greedy for wine tend to become lazy and impulsive.I remember one time when a poor household was identified at a meeting, a herdsman stood up askew-who can be a poor household, why can't I be one? Dai Xiaofei said that there are specific conditions for the identification of poor households. You have no difficulties. Why do you fight for this treatment? Is it glorious to be a poor household? To be a poor household is to take off the hat of a poor household, not to bask in the sun all day long, waiting for the government to send a well-off, do you understand?As a result, the herdsman was drunk and mad, and would be disturbed, and he was angry. What to do? Old village cadres and Party members say that alcohol can't be cured for a while, and when the next generation's life is not bitter, there will be fewer drunkards. Dai Xiaofei couldn't sleep in the middle of the night. He thought hard and finally thought of a way. From then on, the meeting was arranged in the morning. People were awake in the morning.<br /> <br /> People on the grassland drink and sing, which is a custom left by the lonely production and life in the world of ice and snow. For a long time, wine has been a double-edged sword coated with anesthetic, giving people something that looks happy but chaotic and reckless. Herders lead horses every day, follow tourists to and fro on the grassland, ride horses and drive sheep across mountains and rivers every day. After hard work, they indulge in wine cups, eat a meal, and drink half a day's wine, which is normal. When Dai Xiaofei first arrived, the most worrying thing was organizing a herders meeting, especially in the afternoon. Every time, even one-third of the people could not come. When they arrived, they were drunk. You talked at the top, and he sang at the bottom and cursed when they were unhappy. Wine is also the twin brother of poverty, and people who are greedy for wine tend to become lazy and impulsive. I remember once when a meeting was held to identify poor households. A herdsman stood up to ask: &quot;That man could be a poor household. Why can't I be one? &quot;Dai Xiaofei answered:&quot; there are specific conditions for identifying poor households. You have no difficulties. Why do you fight for this treatment? Is it glorious to be identified as a poverty-stricken household? To be identified as a poor household is to get rid of poverty, not to bask in the sun all day long, waiting for the government to send a well-off, do you understand?&quot; As a result, the herdsman was drunk and mad and would be disturbed and angry. What to do? Old village cadres and Party members said that the problem of alcohol couldn't be cured for a while, and when the next generation's life is not bitter, there would be fewer drunkards. Dai Xiaofei couldn't sleep in the middle of the night. He thought hard and finally thought of a way. From then on, the meeting was arranged in the morning, as people were awake in the morning.<br /> <br /> <br /> *Go to last section of the translation: [[Chunfeng_EN_2]]<br /> *Go to next section of the translation: [[Chunfeng_EN_4]]</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Chunfeng_EN_2&diff=149119 Chunfeng EN 2 2022-10-27T07:06:49Z <p>Li Hong: /* 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun */</p> <hr /> <div>This is also the page of the translation homework, which is part of the homework for Oct 28, 2022 for the MA course [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022]]. Please look for your name and do the translation and the correction of the foregoing paragraph of your fellow student.<br /> <br /> *Back to the [[Book_projects]]<br /> *For the students of the MA class [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022]]: The Wiki Admin will distribute the paragraphs to you and indicate your names beneath in the text. The Wiki admin will add the student names.<br /> *For the students of the BA class [[Translation Theory ZH-DE 2022]]: Please select another book project, which is translated into German. The Wiki admin will add the student names.<br /> <br /> This page originally only contained the Chinese text. Now the English translation is added. Therefore the page gets too long and may exceed the database space for each webpage one day. In order to avoid this, the text now is split into 5 sections. You can jump directly to the sections here:<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN]] with discussion table / list of terms<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_1]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_2]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_3]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_4]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_5]]<br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> =Please write your homework directly down here=<br /> Just click on the edit button behind your name and add the English translation as a seperate paragraph, separated by blank line. <br /> <br /> When you have finished writing your homework, please do not forget to click the &quot;save&quot; button and type in the password &quot;wikicaptcha&quot;.<br /> <br /> Also, please correct the translation of the fellow student above you by pasting a 2nd English paragraph beneath.<br /> <br /> Commonly used terms or terms that appear frequently or are important or ambiguous, please list them alphabetically in the list of terms on the page [[Chunfeng_EN]], that helps the other students to use a standardized translation for them.<br /> <br /> <br /> ====白婷 Bai Ting====<br /> <br /> 林保森感觉自己在最贴近土地的农舍里听了一堂深刻而充满力量的党课，从此姜海山老爷子成了他学习的榜样，也成了他深深依恋的忘年交。隔一段时间，林保森就会去看看老爷子，和他聊聊天，唠唠村里的大事小情。姜海山老爷子，一直话语不多，但是关键时刻却可以动真章，后来，在全国上下抵抗疫情的时刻，他挺身而出，作为共产党员，甘当自愿者，一个人承包十几户人家的网格化管理，战斗在守护家园的第一线，令人敬仰赞叹。<br /> 林保森知道自己应该行动了，就像当初姜海山老爷子，1948年在热河老家穿上黄土布军装时那样，心里豪情满满，勇气倍增。<br /> “修井问题是村里多年不能解决的老大难问题，也是两不愁三保障中的硬指标，可总是问一问，答一答，不问便没有了回应，涉及的各方面总是各持一词，都说自己有难处，我也不知道问题到底出在哪里，村上？乡里？施工队？<br /> <br /> Lin Baosen felt he had listened to a profound and powerful party lecture in the farmhouse closest to the land. Since then, old man Jiang Haishan has become a role model to learn from and a cross-age friend to whom he was deeply attached. Every once in a while, Lin would visit the Don and chat with him about the village affairs. Jiang Haishan, though a man of few words, can take action at the critical moment. Later, he came forward in the national resistance to the epidemic. As a Communist, Jiang Haishan, willing to volunteer, contracted grid management for more than a dozen households, fighting in the front line to protect their homes, which was admirable. Lin Baosen realized that he should make a move, just like what Jiang had done in 1948 when he put on a military uniform of ocher cloth in his hometown of Rehe. Lin Baosen was full of pride and courage. &quot;Work-over is a long-standing problem that the village has been unable to solve for many years,&quot; Lin said. &quot;And it is also an unalterable quota of 'Two Assurances, Three Guarantees' (rural poor people are free from worries over food and clothing and have access to compulsory education, basic medical services, and safe housing). However, there is always a question followed by an answer, and there is no response without asking. All aspects involved always stick to their arguments, saying that they have some trouble. I don't know where it goes wrong, village, countryside, or construction team?<br /> <br /> Lin Baosen felt he had listened to a profound and powerful party lecture in the farmhouse closest to the land. Since then, old man Jiang Haishan has become his model to learn from and a closed friends cross ages to whom he was deeply attached. Every once in a while, Lin would visit the Don and chat with him about what happened in the village. Jiang Haishan ,a quiet old man, but he can take action at the critical moment. Later, he came forward in the national resistance to the epidemic. As a Communist, Jiang Haishan, willing to volunteer, contracted grid management for more than a dozen households, fighting in the front line to protect their homes, which was admirable. Lin Baosen realized that it is the time he should make a move, just like what Jiang had done in 1948 when he put on a military uniform of ocher cloth in his hometown of Rehe. Lin Baosen was full of pride and more courage. &quot;Well drilling is a long-standing problem that the village has not solved for many years,&quot; Lin said. &quot;And it is also an mandatory quota of 'Two Assurances, Three Guarantees' (impoverished rural residents are free from worries over food and clothing and have access to compulsory education, basic medical services, and safe housing). However, there is always a question followed by an answer, and there is no response without asking. All aspects involved always have their own arguments, saying that they have some difficulties. I don't know where it goes wrong, village, town, or construction team?<br /> <br /> ====蔡思 Cai Si====<br /> <br /> 我决定抛开各方面自己追办这件事，通知了村上交电费，然后直接联系施工人员，定下具体施工时间，然后跟施工人员从天山镇出发，一路追随，在阿旗'一日游',先后跟到新民乡，巴彦花、乌兰哈达，盯着他们干完每一项工程，领着他们来到高家段，忙碌一上午，终于使得高家段和西联两个自然村试水成功，对于井已经干了的西靠山、新太平两个自然村，只能重新再打一眼井。<br /> 当我回村的时候，在村口遇到了郑力芳老人，他握着我的手一遍遍地说，太感谢你们了，太感谢你们了。”<br /> “四个村整体的自来水工程定标结束， 张福中标，此时自来水施工已经完成，招标的岗位是自来水管理员，因为涉及到刚刚选举结束后各矛盾纠纷，所以很多人想争这个岗位，但最终没敢参与，我向张福那么公开地，大张旗鼓地表达祝贺，其实是代表期待通水的村民表达谢意，也是在公开地挺他 。这时候有个村民突然带着怒气，跑来大骂，一口一句脏话，我替书记阻挡，未成，回头劝村主任离开。这个人见状立刻冲我来了。我知道，他哥哥落选村主任，他心里有怨气。其实他没有什么证据，开口就胡嚷嚷——这事儿不公正，不透明。<br /> <br /> I decided to leave everything behind to pursue this by myself， notified the village to pay the electricity bill, and then contacted the builders directly to set the specific construction date. I followed the builders from Tianshan Town all the way, had &quot;a day trip&quot; in Aqi, arrived in the Xinmin Township, Bayanhua, Ulanhada successively and supervised them to complete every project. Then I led them to the Gaojiaduan, after a busy morning, the two natural villages of Gaojia Duan and Xilian finally tested the water successfully. The wells in the two villages of Xikaoshan and Xintaiping had dried up, so we could only drill another well. I met the old man Zheng Lifang at the entrance of the village when I returned to the village, he held my hand and said over and over again, &quot;thank you so much, thank you so much. &quot; The tap water project bid of the four villages was completed and Zhang Fu won the bid. At this time the tap water project had been completed. Many people wanted to bid for the water administrator which was the bidding post this time. But because it involved various conflicts and disputes just after the election, so they dared not participate in the end. I represented the villagers who are looking forward to use the tap water to congratulate Zhang Fu openly and with great fanfare, and this also meant we were also openly supporting him. At this time, a villager suddenly came to curse grumpily with swear words, I wanted to stop him for the village officer, but failed. This person immediately rushed at me when I turned around to persuade the village officer to leave. I knew that he held the grudges because his brother had lost the election of village officer. In fact, he had no evidence, he just yelled nonsense – it is not open and transparent.<br /> <br /> ====陈婧 Chen Jing====<br /> <br /> 我拿出材料，一一回答他——程序公开透明，村代会通过，中标者已经公示，他混搅，说不知道，我说那你回家问问你媳妇，她参加会了，具体情况她应该是知道得一清二楚的。<br /> 这人不听，反而变本加厉，说你们工作队和两委是一伙儿的，竟摆出要动手的架势。<br /> 实在没有忍住，我也拍案而起：‘村委会不是你撒野的地方，当初老百姓吃不上水的时候，你哪里去了？找不到施工队的时候你哪里去了？我费劲巴力地找来了施工队，你就来闹事儿了，我告诉你，我和你不一样，我是有底线的，如果有什么你说的猫腻，我第一个不让！但是容不得你来捣乱！’没想到这一喊，他立即蔫了……不过，还真不能搞僵关系，对以后开展工作不利，他的身后可能有一个宗亲。后来，我的一个学生家里请客，他哥哥在场，我手拉着手跟他喝酒，酒喝透了，话也说透了，一直把他送回家，他们一族也就不再疏远我们了。” 林保森《一箩筐》。<br /> <br /> I took out the bidding materials and answered his questions one by one—the bidding procedure was open and transparent; the Conference of Deputies of Villagers approved the result and the successful bidder has already been publicized. He deliberately said he didn't know about it. I said, you can go back home to ask your wife as she attended the meeting and she should exactly know the explicit situation. This guy didn't listen to me and became even more aggressive. You working party along with the two committees are in the same boat, he said and even acted like ready for a fight. I really couldn't stand him and stand up angrily:&quot;The Village Committee office is not the place you can behave atrociously. Where were you when our folks couldn't get water in the first place? Where did you go when we couldn't find the construction team? I went to all such lengths to find a construction team, and you came to make trouble. Listen, I'm not like you. I have a bottom line. If there is any dirty trick like you said, I would be the first one to resist it. But we cannot tolerant that you mess up here!&quot; Out of my anticipation, he immediately wilted after I shouted... However, I couldn't really break with him, which is unfavorable for my subsequent work because behind him is probably a clan. Later in a family treat of one of my students, his brother was present. I drank with him hand in hand. We got drunken completely, we talked frankly and I sent him home lastly. After that, the clan of them no longer estranged from us.<br /> <br /> I took out the bidding materials and answered his questions one by one—the bidding procedure was open and transparent; the Conference of Deputies of Villagers consented the result and the successful bidder has already been publicized. He deliberately said he didn't know about it. I said, you can go back home and ask your wife as she attended the meeting and she should clearly know the explicit situation. He didn't listen to me and became even more aggressive. He thought the working party along with the two committees are in the same boat, and even acted like ready for a fight. I really couldn't tolerate him and stood up angrily:&quot;The Village Committee office is not the place you can behave atrociously. Where were you when our folks couldn't get water in the first place? Where did you go when we couldn't find the construction team? I expended all my strength to find a construction team, and you came to make trouble. Listen, I'm not the kind of person like you. I have a bottom line. If there is any dirty trick like you said, I would be the first one to resist it. But we cannot tolerate that you mess up here!&quot; Out of my anticipation, he immediately wilted after I shouted... However, I couldn't completely destroy our relationship, which is unfavorable for my subsequent work because behind him is probably a clan. Later in a family treat of one of my students, his brother was present. I drank with him hand in hand. We got drunken completely, talked frankly and I sent him home lastly. From then on, the clan of them no longer estranged us.<br /> <br /> ====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====<br /> <br /> 交谈中，林保森告诉我，乱麻一团，总有最关键的那几根，找到了拽出来，其它麻团就迎刃而解了。高家段，关键就是因为一个穷字，所以人人在利益上锱铢必较，人人觉得活得不安稳，老百姓拿什么求安稳呢，土地、补助而已。所以每一次有关利益的分配，都可能是导火索，加上村中错综复杂的人际关系起作用，矛盾和冲突，便周而复始，愈演愈烈，自己遇到的，不过是几个小火星。扶贫先扶志，贫穷和愚昧是孪生兄弟，人的精神提升，往往于他本身存在的状况有关。<br /> “除了养驴，高家段村还有什么项目可以致富呢？投入不能太大，尤其要考虑到贫困户的劳动能力可以承受，我找了旗里的科技指导员，检测了村里的土质，得知适合种枣树。便发动爱心人士捐助，买回来一千五百棵枣树苗，每个贫苦户分给十棵，(其他人家每户五棵，长住户家家有份)，让他们在院子里种植。在广播通知以后，大家来取树苗了。所有的人都挑棵大叶多的树苗拿，随手便把小棵的四处乱扔，真不知道该说什么好，心里暗暗生气。一边告诉自己沉住气，一边收拾起被乱扔的小棵树苗，放到土坑里，给晚来的村民保存着，我想到了明年结果的时候，村民们就会发现有苗不愁长，树苗棵大棵小并不影响它们长成满枝硕果的大树，他们也会为今天的行为内疚。要么，在全村枣树都开花的时候，领着大家到各家看看，交流一下栽种枣树的经验，顺便提今天发树苗时一些人的行为，效果比现在直接训斥大家效果好……在村里工作，不能操之过急，不能期望一步迈进新时代。”林保森《一箩筐》。<br /> <br /> Between our conversation, Lin Baosen told me there are some visible threads in a tangle, and the difficulty will be smoothly solved as we find the threads and pull them out. The people in Gaojiaduan village haggle every penny and live restless life just because of poverty. What do they depend on for a steady life？Only the land and subsides. So every allocation about profits may become a trigger, and the complicated interpersonal relationship in this country makes the conflict worse and even a vicious circle. So what I have met are only a small part of these conflicts. Establishing a high aspiration in these villagers' hearts is the first step of poverty alleviation. Poverty and ignorance are the twin, so the progress of one's spiritual world is connected with his existing condition. Besides raising donkeys, what project can help this country achieve prosperity? Moreover, the input should not be too large, especially considering that the labor ability of the poor households can bear. I talked with the science and technology instructor in this Banner, who helped detect the soil texture and told me the soil is suitable for jujube trees. Later on , I mobilized the good-hearted peole to donate money, which was used to buy jujube saplings. Ten jujube seedlings were given to each poverty-stricken family (five to others, and each resident household had a share), and they were asked to plant the saplings in their yard. The villagers came to fetch the saplings after the broadcast notification. Everyone picked the big and leafy ones, throwing the small ones everywhere. I didn't know what to say and felt pissed off. I told myself to calm down while picked up the small ones and put them into the pit, perseving them well for the late people. I think of next year's scenario, the villagers will find that there is no need to worry about growing saplings, because saplings big or small does not affect their growth into fruitful trees, and they will also feel guilty for today's behavior. Or, when all the jujube trees bloom, I will take all the villagers around village and let them share the experience of planting jujubes. What's more, I will mention their behaviors today, which can lead a better effect than scolding them right now......Working in a village asks me to be patient and not to expect to step up into a new era at one stroke.<br /> <br /> During the conversation, Lin Baosen told me there are some visible threads in a tangle, and the difficulty will be smoothly solved as we find the threads and pull them out. The people in Gaojiaduan village haggle every penny and live restless life just because of poverty. What do they depend on for a steady life？Only the land and subsides. So every allocation about profits may become a trigger, and the complicated interpersonal relationship in this village makes the conflict worse and even a vicious circle. What I have met are only a small part of these conflicts. Establishing a high aspiration in these villagers' hearts is the first step of poverty alleviation. Poverty and ignorance are the twin, so the progress of one's spiritual world is linked with his existing condition. &quot;Besides raising donkeys, what other projects can this village achieve prosperity? Moreover, the input should not be too large, especially considering that the labor ability of the poor households can bear. I chatted with the science and technology instructor in this Banner, who helped test the soil texture and told me the soil is suitable for jujube trees. Later on , I mobilized the good-hearted peole to donate money, which was used to buy jujube saplings. Ten jujube seedlings were given to each poverty-stricken family (five to others, and each resident household had a share), and they were asked to plant the saplings in their yards. The villagers came to fetch the saplings after the broadcast notification. Everyone picked the big and leafy ones, throwing the small ones everywhere. I didn't know what to say and be quietly furious. I told myself to calm down while picked up the small ones and put them into the pit, preserving them well for the people who came later. When I think about the situation next year, the villagers will find that there is no need to worry about growing saplings, because saplings big or small does not affect their growth into fruitful trees, and they will also feel guilty for today's behavior. Or, when all the jujube trees bloom, I will take all the villagers around village and let them share the experience of planting jujubes. I will mention their behaviors today by the way, which can lead a better effect than scolding them right now......Working in a village requires me to be patient and not to expect to stride forward a new era in one step.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====陈思阳 Chen Siyang====<br /> <br /> “贫困户张琢隋海英一家，生活困难到了没有办法坚持下去的程度，一直在为他们想办法， 给隋海英 安排了一个公益扫街岗位，每月收入七百八十元，后来想给他们家落实一个家庭养殖项目，发现投入太大，又探讨种地项目，要种不能种一般作物，那样收入太低，最后，从周边村子引进了种豆角的项目，可以获得相对丰厚的收入。但是隋海英家的地需要浇灌，没有电，拉电，需要贷款。知道隋海英两口子都是踏踏实实过日子的人，不会半途而废，于是通过关系找到农商银行的办公室主任，人家回答说由于种种原因，现在扶贫贷款还没有放，我找了行长，说明了种植季节不等人的情况，得到了特批，我帮着隋海英办了手续，拿到了贷款，又去电力公司，讲好价格，直到看着工人给他家地里安好了浇灌系统，看着他们夫妻种下的豆角一天天出苗结荚，接着又帮助他家吸收村民来摘豆角，这样既帮了他家的忙，又使摘豆角的村民每天有一百二十元的收入。看来种豆角是个值得推广的好选项，今年由于买豆角架竹竿，隋海英两口子到手现金不多，但是明年就好了，一是不用投入竹竿钱了，而是其他人家也要学她家种豆角，村里凑够五十亩，就有烘干厂来地里直接收购，不用费时费钱出去找买主了，想想，我都替他们家高兴……”林保森《新一箩筐》<br /> <br /> &quot;This remind me of poor family Zhang Zhuo and Sui Haiying's family whose life is so difficult to the extent that there is no way to going on. We have been trying to ease the situation for them, arranging a public street station for Sui Haiying with monthly income of seven hundred and eighty yuan. Later we wanted to carry out a family breeding project to Sui’s family, founding that the input is too big. Then we explored the farming project, and can’t plant the ordinary plants which has low benefit. Finally, we decided to introduce a kind of beans which can get relatively good income from the nearby villages. However, Sui Haiying's land needs watering, and no electricity. If pulling electric wires, we need a loan. Knowing this couple are people who live in a down-to-earth way, and they will not give up, so I found office director of the rural commercial bank through relationship network. He said poverty alleviation loans hasn’t been delivered because of various reasons. Then I contacted the governor of the bank, explained that the season waited for no man. After that I got the special approval, and helped Sui HaiYing finish procedures, took the loans, and bargained for the electricity in the electric power company, until watched the workers to install irrigation system, witnessed their beans sprout day by day, and assisted his family to attract the villagers to pick beans, which not only support his family, but also make the villagers who picked beans earn 120 yuan a day. It seems that planting beans is a good option and worth promoting. This year, the couple didn’t ’t have much cash because they bought bamboo poles with bean stalks. But next year will be better. On the one hand, they don’t need to investigate more money in the bamboo poles, and other people will also want to learn the skills from them. If the village can grow 50 acres, a drying plant will go to the field and purchase directly, so villagers don’t have to spend time and money looking for buyers. That makes me happy for them.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====<br /> <br /> 我们在高家段村外的田地边等候到镇里办事的林保森。赤峰的十月下旬，已经下过了几场小雪，蔬菜已经罢园，地里的庄稼进了场院，大地呈现不同层次的暖色调，有一种油画般的美。他来了，个子不高，脸上带着温和微笑，略显腼腆，给人的感觉很随和。恰巧路旁是个贫困户夫妻开的五金及农机应用商店，小铺不大。老板夫妇不认识我们，见了林书记，立马热络起来，我们只得站住脚，听他们和林保森絮叨生意状况。村里人有什么话愿意跟第一书记唠，因为第一书记比较贴心。后来证明我的这个直觉没错。<br /> <br /> Lin Baosen came to the town to do some business, we waited for him by the field outside Gaojiaduan village. It was late October in Chifeng. There had been a few light snowfalls; the vegetables had been harvested; the crops in the field had been taken into the yard; the earth appeared warm colors at different levels, which was as beautiful as an oil painting. With a gentle smile, Lin Baosen came to us. He is not tall, somehow slightly shy, but we could feel that he is an easygoing person. By coincidence, there is a small store at the roadside, it sells hardware and agricultural machinery equipment, which is run by a poor couple. They didn’t know us. Once seeing Secretary Lin, they were immediately talkative. So we just stood here, listening to them talking about their business situation with Lin Baosen. Villagers here are willing to talk to him about everything because he is very intimate. My intuition turned out to be correct.<br /> <br /> Lin Baosen came to the town to do some business, thus we waited for him by the field outside Gaojiaduan village. In the late October of Chifeng, there had been a few light snowfalls; the vegetables had been harvested; the crops in the field had been taken into the yard; and the earth presented warm colors of different levels, which was as beautiful as an oil painting. Lin Baosen came to us with a gentle smile. He is not tall, somehow slightly shy. But we could feel that he is an easygoing person. By coincidence, there was a hardware and agricultural machinery application store opened by a poor couple on the roadside. The store was not big. The owners didn't know us. But once seeing Secretary Lin, they became talkative immediately. So we just stood here, listening to them talking about their business situation with Lin Baosen. Villagers here are willing to talk to the first secretary Lin about everything because he is very intimate. My intuition turned out to be correct later.<br /> <br /> 进村，我要求到工作队的驻地看看，林保森说，欢迎，就是有点乱。我说看的就是乱。<br /> <br /> When I entered the village, I asked to have a look at the stations of the task force. Lin Baosen said to me, “Welcome here, but sorry, it's a little bit messy.” I said, “What I’m coming to look at is the mess.”<br /> <br /> When I entered the village, I asked to have a look at the stations of the task force. Lin Baosen said to me, “You are welcomed to have a look, but it's a little bit messy.” I said, “What I’m coming to look at is the mess.”<br /> <br /> 扶贫攻坚驻村干部每天有一百元的生活补贴，用于伙食、住房、交通等等，算是基本够用。但是一般情况下，有三件事是花销比较多的，就是来回到旗里开会、东跑西颠为贫困户和村里张罗求助、自掏腰包帮助贫困户。所以驻村工作队的生活是很简朴的。<br /> <br /> Village officials who are engaged in poverty alleviation projects receive a living allowance of 100 yuan per day, which is just sufficient for their food, accommodation, and transportation. However, in general, three things cost a lot: first, going back and forth for meetings in the town; second, running around to ask for help for poor households and the village; third, helping poor households by using their own savings. So the life of officials in the task force in the village is quite simple.<br /> <br /> Village officials who are engaged in poverty alleviation projects receive a living allowance of 100 yuan per day, which is basically sufficient for their food, accommodation, and transportation. However, in general, three things cost a lot: first, going back and forth for meetings in the town; second, running around to seek for help for poor households and the village; third, helping poor households with their own money. So the life of officials in the task force in the village is quite simple.<br /> <br /> ====丁粤 Ding Yue====<br /> <br /> 高家段驻村工作队租用的是一户村民的旧房，带一个小院套，对面屋，中间部分用现在的话说算是个厅，厅里面被一个塑料拉门隔为厨房。我走进厨房，看到地上有两个大缸，一个装着新积的酸菜，一个装着刚刚腌下的芥菜疙瘩，都装得冒尖满，每个缸上都压着一块大石头。卧室里的炕是新盘的，一摸暖烘烘的。我说，你们还会积酸菜呀？林保森略带自豪地告诉我，我们哪里有这手艺，这都是上礼拜六，乡亲们帮着弄的，一来好几个人，七手八脚就搞定了，炕也是他们找来村里的盘炕老把式帮着重新盘的，老乡说，在外面忙乎一天，晚上睡个热炕，什么病乏都驱走了。<br /> <br /> Gaojiaduan's village task force rented an old house of a villager which is equipped with a small courtyard. The middle part of the opposite house can be called as a hall in today's words. The hall is divided into a kitchen by a plastic sliding door from the inside. When I walked into the kitchen, I saw two large vats on the ground, one filled with newly accumulated pickles and the other filled with newly pickled mustard bumps, both of which were filled to the brim. And each vat had a large stone put on its top. The kang in the bedroom is newly made and warm to touch. I said, can you accumulate pickles as well? Lin Baosen told me with a little pride that they didn't master this skill. These were made with the help of villagers on last Saturday. Several people came, and they had these work done with all their hands and feet. They also brought the village's old style tools to help us rebuild the kang. The villagers said that after a whole day's busy work, you can sleep on a hot kang at night which can dispel all the illnesses and tiredness. <br /> <br /> The house that the working team in Gaojiaduan Village rented was a villager's old property with a small courtyard, which consisted of opposite rooms on the flanks of a middle part called &quot;hall&quot; in today's words. As was separated by a plastic sliding door, the inner part of the hall was used as a kitchen. Walking into the kitchen, I saw two large vats on the ground, one of which was filled with newly accumulated pickles and the other with newly pickled mustard bumps. Each of them was filled to the brim with a large stone on the top. The Kang in the bedroom is newly made and warm to the touch. &quot;I don't know you can accumulate pickles？&quot; I said to Lin Baosen. He replied me with a little pride, &quot;No, we can’t. This was done with the help of folks here last Saturday. You know, several people came. They all pitched in and soon finished it. They also brought the village's old style tools to help us rebuild the Kang. My fellow-townsman said that a sleep on a warm Kang at night could drive away all the unwellness and tiredness of a long day at work.<br /> <br /> 我说你们人缘不错呀？林保森说，现在好了，老乡们知道咱们是实心实意为他们来的，有感情了。<br /> <br /> I said you are popular with villagers. Lin Baosen said that it went well right now, and the villagers knew that we had come for them sincerely and thus they had feelings for us.<br /> <br /> You are popular with villagers.” I said. He replied:“It goes well now, and the villagers know that we are here for them sincerely, so they have feelings for us.”<br /> <br /> 在厨房的外面，对面屋的中间，有一张办公桌，上面放着笔记本电脑和一些文具，庄重地摆放着一面国旗，一面党旗，鲜艳夺目，把整个环境都提亮了。这是林保森的第二个办公处。桌子面对的墙上，有一个全村扶贫进度一览表，按着时间和姓名，所有扶贫对象的收入状况，身体状况，亟待解决的问题，皆可以从上面查找到。<br /> <br /> Outside the kitchen, in the middle of the opposite room, there is a desk with a laptop and some stationery on it. A national flag and a party flag are solemnly put on the desk, which are brilliant and stunning and has brightened the whole environment. This is Lin Baosen's second office. On the wall facing the table, there is a progress chart of poverty alleviation of the whole village. The income, physical conditions and problems that need to be solved urgently of all poverty alleviation subjects can be found in the chart according to the time and name. <br /> <br /> Outside the kitchen, in the middle of the opposite room, there was a desk with a laptop and some stationery on it. A national flag and a party flag were solemnly put on the desk, which were brilliant and stunning, brightening the whole environment. This was Lin's second office. On the wall facing the table, there was a progress chart of poverty alleviation of the whole village. The income, physical conditions and problems of the villagers living below the poverty line that needed to be solved urgently could be found in the chart according to the time and name. <br /> <br /> <br /> 最吸睛是这张图上疏疏密密地的小贴士。哪一家需要解决的问题，都写在小贴士上，用大头针按在这一家的格子里。当我结束采访不久，收到了林保森发来的文件，写明了这些问题最终的办理结果。<br /> <br /> The most eye-catching is the tips which were written compactly in the chart. Any problems that need to be solved should be written on the tips and pinned in the grid of this house in the chart. Shortly after I finished the interview, I received a document from Lin Baosen which illustrated the final handling results of these issues.<br /> <br /> The most eye-catching thing was the tips written compactly in the chart. Any problems of a family that needed to be solved were written on the tips and pinned in the grid according to their family name in the chart. Shortly after I finished the interview, I received a document from Lin which illustrated the final results of these issues.<br /> <br /> ====付静 Fu Jing====<br /> <br /> 一、高景林与朱荣仓一卡通问题。 <br /> <br /> Mistakes in Gao Jinglin’s and Zhu Rongcang’s all-in-one cards<br /> <br /> 因高景林与朱荣仓二人在系统里错误显示身份证号相同，所以近几年二人一卡通打卡各种补贴费用，都被打到其中一人卡上，高景林的卡上未收到任何款项，找了几次之后也没找明白，我到乡财政所，调取了他们帐号记录之后，请财政所长给他们进行了更改，把属于高景林的各种款项，转给了他本人，后续的账户变更问题，也相继给变更好了。 <br /> <br /> Mr.Gao did not receive any money in his card all these years because all kinds of government subsidies to him had been sent to Mr. Zhu’s card, due to a mistaken display of their same national identification numbers in the system.I tried many times but still could not work it out. Therefore, I went to the township finance office, retrieved account records of the two and asked the finance director to transfer to Gao what belonged to him before changing his account information.<br /> <br /> 二、岳珠祥对收入不认可不签字<br /> <br /> Yue Zhuxiang’s rejection of signing on his revenue confirmation<br /> <br /> 我们测算收入的时候，他对自己家收入没有完全透明公开，而我们在测算中发现了这个问题，所以他对我们的测算结果，就是不签字，我当时说自己上他们家去做工作，没想到去了几次都做不通工作，在申明了相关政策法规之后，他才最终认可签字。 <br /> <br /> When measuring revenues,we found that Mr. Yue covered his revenue up and we made it right.But he did not accept the result and refused to sign on the paper.So I decided to persuade him in person and visited him for several times.But it did not work until I stated relevant policies and regulations.<br /> <br /> 三、钟爱臣与邻居家庭院经济纠纷 <br /> <br /> The economic dispute between Zhong Aichen and his neighbour over a shared ridge<br /> <br /> 这是我入村遇到的第一个问题，钟爱晨与邻居家因为地里的一条垄，打得不可开交，都说这条垄是自己家的，我们把他们找到一起，协调了很多次，要求他们双方各退一步，中间公共的一条垄，谁也不种，纠纷才算得以解决。<br /> <br /> This was the first challenge I met after working in the village. Mr. Zhong and his neighbor had been fighting hard against each other for a shared ridge which both of them claimed as their own.We called them together to coordinate their contradiction for many times, asking them to meet each other half way by promising not to plant on the ridge as a resolution.<br /> <br /> 四、西靠山75号张宏礼因骨折花费3万多<br /> <br /> Zhang Hongli’s bone fractures<br /> <br /> 已经为他申请临时救助。<br /> <br /> Mr. Zhang, living at No.75 in Xikaoshan Village,cost RMB 30,000 for the treatment of his bone fractures and we have applied for a temporary relief fund for him.<br /> <br /> 五、罗殿君之女罗小丽煤补问题<br /> <br /> The &quot;missing&quot; coal subsidy to Luo Xiaoli,Luo Dianjun’s daughter<br /> <br /> 罗殿君多次找到村部和驻地，说他女儿的煤补一直未发放，后来我到乡财政所给他调取了一卡通记录，其中显示煤补已经打到他家的一卡通，我把记录交给他，他才消除心中疑虑。<br /> <br /> Mr. Luo visited the village hall and the town government for many times, reporting that his daughter had not received her coal subsidy.After that, I went to the township finance office and retrieved all the records of all-in-one cards of his family, which showed that the money had been sent to one of those cards.I gave him the records and removed his doubts.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> The problem of Gao Jinglin’s and Zhu Rongcang’s all-in-one cards<br /> <br /> Gao Jinglin has not been received any money in his card for recent years because all kinds of government subsidies to him had been sent to Mr. Zhu’s card due to a mistaken display of their same national identification numbers in the system. I tried many times to figure it out but fail. Therefore, I went to the township finance office, retrieved account records of the two and asked the finance director to transfer to Gao what belonged to him before changing his account information.<br /> Yue Zhuxiang’s rejection of signing on his revenue confirmation<br /> When measuring revenues, we found that Mr. Yue covered his revenue up and we made it right.But he did not accept the result and refused to sign on the paper.So I decided to persuade him in person and visited him for several times.But it did not work until I stated relevant policies and regulations.<br /> The economic dispute between Zhong Aichen and his neighbour over a shared ridge<br /> This was the first challenge I met after working in the village. Mr. Zhong and his neighbor had been fighting hard against each other for a shared ridge which both of them claimed as their own.We called them together to coordinate their contradiction for many times, asking them to meet each other half way by promising not to plant on the ridge as a resolution.<br /> This was the first challenge I met after working in the village. Mr. Zhong and his neighbor had been fighting hard against each other for a shared ridge which both of them claimed as their own.We called them together to coordinate their contradiction for many times, asking them to meet each other half way by promising not to plant on the ridge as a resolution.<br /> Mr. Zhang, living at No.75 in Xikaoshan Village, cost RMB 30,000 for the treatment of his bone fractures and we have applied for a temporary relief fund for him.<br /> The &quot;missing&quot; coal subsidy to Luo Xiaoli,Luo Dianjun’s daughter<br /> Mr. Luo visited the village hall and the town government for many times, reporting that his daughter had not received her coal subsidy all the time. Then, I went to the township finance office and retrieved all the records of all-in-one cards of his family, which showed that the money had been sent to one of those cards. When I gave him the records , his doubts were disappeared<br /> <br /> ====高燕 Gao Yan====<br /> <br /> 六、罗殿臣家房子问题<br /> 罗殿臣家本来就是土房，因为下雨外面墙皮脱落，西北墙角处有一个洞，漏雨漏风。因为他家是贫困户，我就联系乡政府和施工队，给他进行了免费维修。<br /> The problem of Luo Dian chen's house <br /> Luo Dian chen's house was originally an earthen house, and the outside wall was peeling off due to the rain and there was a hole in the northwest corner of the wall, leaking rain and wind. As his family is a poor household, I contacted the township government and the construction team and freely repaired his house.<br /> <br /> The problem of Luo Dianchen's house <br /> Luo Dianchen's house was an earthen one. The outside wall was peeling off due to the rain and there was a hole in the northwest corner of the wall, leaking rain and wind. As his family was a poor household, I contacted the township government and the construction team to freely repaire it.<br /> <br /> 七、高志辉孩子意外伤害住院问题<br /> 村民高志辉家孩子因为热水烫伤，没办任何手续就去了赤峰市医院，花销较大，我就主动帮他们联系了医保局，通过稽核股王股长为他们办理了报销手续。<br /> Hospitalization of Gao zhihui's child for accidental injury<br /> Gao Zhihui's child was scalded by the hot water and they went to Chifeng City Hospital without handling procedures. So that the expenses were relatively large. I took the initiative to contact the Medical Insurance Bureau and handled the reimbursement formalities for them through the head of the audit unit Wang.<br /> <br /> Hospitalization of Gao Zhihui's child for accidental injury <br /> Gao Zhihui's child was scalded by the hot water and they went to Chifeng City Hospital without handling procedures, which costed a lot. I contacted the Medical Insurance Bureau on my own initiative and handled the reimbursement procedures for them through the director Wang of the audit unit.<br /> <br /> 八、毕武廷老人危改进行时<br /> 毕武廷老人的房子是危房，年久失修，我们做通她儿女的工作，子女出一部分资金，财政补贴一部分资金，为老人进行了危房改造，我当天到现场去的时候，施工人员正在施工。<br /> Reconstruction the dilapidated house of old man BI Wuyan. <br /> BI Wuyan owned a dangerous house and remained unrepaired for many years. We were tried to persuade his son and daughter to rebuild the house. The children contributed part of the funds and the financial department contributed another part of the money to rebuild the house. When I went to the house one day, The builders are working on it<br /> <br /> Reconstruction of BI Wuting's dilapidated house <br /> BI Wuting's dilapidated house remained unrepaired for many years. We persuaded his son and daughter to rebuild it. They contributed part of the funds and the financial department contributed another part. When I visited him one day, the builders were working on it.<br /> <br /> 九、张子斌与旗车检所事宜，好事，咨询是否能扩大范围。<br /> 车检所在我们村设立了一个扶贫岗位，确定了张子斌老人，我想和他们老板再沟通一下，看能不能增加名额，再解决一个岗位给贫困户，没办成 。<br /> Zhang Zibin ‘s affair with the car inspection office. It is a good deed, and we ask whether the quota can be increased or not.<br /> The inspection office has set up a poverty alleviation post in our village and determined the old man Zhang Zibin. I want to communicate with their boss again to see if we can increase the quota and solve another post for poor households, but it has not been done.<br /> <br /> <br /> Zhang Zibin's affair with the car inspection office<br /> It was a good deed. We asked whether it could be expanded. The inspection office had set up a post of poverty alleviation in our village and determined Zhang Zibin to hold it. I wanted to communicate with their boss again to see if it was possible to add another post for the poor family, but it had not been done.<br /> <br /> 十、王翠花申请低保（张军母亲） <br /> 王翠花老人从天山镇搬回到村里居住，向我们申请低保。我从她嘴里得知杜红军家的姨妈，已经搬到他家，而且是瘫痪多年，需要重点关注。<br /> Wang Cuihua applied for subsistence allowance<br /> (the mother of Zhang Jun) Wang Cuihua moved to the village from the Tian Shan township, and wanted to apply for subsistence allowance. She told me that the aunt from Du Hongjun has been paralyzed for many years, which need much attention.<br /> <br /> Wang Cuihua's application for subsistence allowance (Zhang Jun's mother) <br /> Wang Cuihua moved back to the village from the Tian Shan township, and wanted to apply for the subsistence allowance. She told me that Du Hongjun's aunt had been paralyzed for many years, whiched need much attention.<br /> <br /> ====关娜 Guan Na====<br /> <br /> 十一、乡政府召开了关于小额信贷的会议。<br /> 给尤桂清上报，他老伴儿孟相如符合条件。<br /> <br /> The township government held a meeting on microfinance and informed You Guiqing that his wife, Meng Xiangru, met the conditions.<br /> <br /> 十二、张红新的孩子欲去天山幼儿园就读。<br /> 我为他家儿子联系了一所天山幼儿园上学的名额。<br /> <br /> Zhang Hongxin 's child wanted to go to Tianshan kindergarten.<br /> I had obtained a place for his son.<br /> <br /> 十三、张明国老爷子的社保卡<br /> 张明国老爷子七十多岁了，社保卡遗失，所有补贴都没办法支取，儿女都不在身边，他很着急，却没办法补办。他和我说完之后，我去了农商银行，我表明了高家段村第一书记身份，并且说明了老爷子的具体情况，工作人员很支持我们的扶贫工作，允许我替他代办了一张，当我把卡交给老爷子的时候，他特别感动。<br /> <br /> Zhang Mingguo's social security card<br /> Mr. Zhang Mingguo is in his 70s. Because of the loss of his card, he cannot get the subsidies. And he was worried about a new card due to his children' absence. After listening to his words, I went to the Rural Commercial Bank and recounted his situation, showing my identity of the first secretary of Gaojiaduan village. The clerks were for our work of poverty alleviation and allowed me to take one for him. When I handed it to him, he was moved.<br /> <br /> 十四、张臣的大病申请 <br /> 张臣老人因为患心脏病，我到医保局三次 ，医保局负责办理这事儿的董威，很热心地帮助我办理完所有手续。<br /> <br /> Zhang Chen's application of serious illness<br /> With Zhang Chen suffering from heart disease, I went to the bureau of medical insurance where Dong Wei, a person in charge, helped me go through all the procedures.<br /> <br /> 十五、刘晓明家庭农场办理事宜，待出证。<br /> 我鼓励全村的种养大户注册家庭农场，享受政策补贴。只要他们申请，我全程负责办理， 我们村现已成功注册了四个家庭农场，其中刘晓明家庭农场是全旗第一个种植业家庭农场。<br /> The certificate of Liu Xiaoming's family farm was to be issued. I encouraged all the farmers to register family farm because there were policy subsidies. They only need to apply it, and then I would help them. Now, our village has successfully registered four, one of which is Liu Xiaoming's, the first one in our village.<br /> <br /> ====郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====<br /> <br /> 十六、胡占明老伴办残疾证问题<br /> 胡占明老伴常年卧床，现在办理残疾证需要当面审核，我咨询了残联对于卧床老人的政策，残联当时没有答复，后来告知，必须到医院进行鉴定，后来子女带老人进行了鉴定，为她办理了残疾人手续。<br /> 十七、毕晓光危墙很危险！<br /> 我们在村子里发现毕晓光家厢房外墙有坍塌危险，对于路过的人来说非常危险，于是找到他母亲通知他，催促其及时进行修复整改。<br /> 十八、陈术丰欲变更低保等级，待动态时，咨询。<br /> 陈术丰的妻子王广琴因患乳腺癌花销巨大，他申请提高低保等级，后来在低保动态调整时，我们向乡政府提出了申请，给他提高了级别。<br /> ……<br /> <br /> 16. The disability certificate issues of Hu Zhanming's wife <br /> <br /> Hu Zhanming's wife is bedridden for years because of the disability, but now applying the certificate needs to be checked face to face in person. I consulted the policy of the China Disabled Persons' Federation for the bedridden elderly, but they did not reply immediately. Later, the federation told us that the disabled elderly had to go to the hospital for identification. After that, their children then took her for an appraisal and got her a disability certificate successfully.<br /> <br /> 17. The wall of Bi Xiaoguang's house is a safety hazard!<br /> <br /> In the village, we found that the outside wall of Bi Xiaoguang's house was in danger of collapsing, which was very dangerous for people passing by, so we found his mother to inform him, urging him to repair and rectify it in time.<br /> <br /> 18. Chen Shufeng wants to upgrade the level of the basic living allowance, waiting for dynamic adjustment to consult<br /> <br /> Chen Shufeng's wife Wang Guangqin was suffering from breast cancer which has cost a lot, so that he needs to apply to upgrade the basic living allowance. Later, we applied to the township government and gave him a higher level when the allowance was adjusted dynamically<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 16. The disability certificate issues of Hu Zhanming's wife <br /> Hu Zhanming's wife is a long-term bed-ridden patient for her disability, but now applying the certificate needs to be checked face to face. I consulted the policy of China Disabled Persons' Federation for the bedridden elderly, but they did not reply immediately. Later, the federation told us that the disabled elderly had to go to the hospital for identification. After that, their children then took her for an appraisal and got her a disability certificate successfully.<br /> 17. The wall of Bi Xiaoguang's house is a safety hazard!<br /> In the village, we found that the outside wall of Bi Xiaoguang's house was in danger of collapsing, which was very dangerous for the passer-by, so we found his mother to pass on a message to him, urging him to repair and rectify it in time.<br /> 18. Chen Shufeng wants to upgrade the level of the basic living allowance, waiting for dynamic adjustment to consult<br /> Wang Guangqin, the Chen Shufeng's wife, was suffering from breast cancer which has cost a lot, so that he needs to apply to upgrade the basic living allowance. Later, we applied to the township government and gave him a higher level when the allowance was adjusting dynamically.<br /> <br /> ====侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====<br /> <br /> 在林保森驻村宿舍办公桌前墙壁上的表格上，诸如此类的小贴士还有很多，不胜枚举。值得说明的是，前面黑体字下面的那些楷体文字，是在我离开以后的半年内，他办好一件事，就注明的上去的。我算了一下账，如果这些小贴士上的每件事需要跑乡里、旗里三趟，那就需要五十多趟，如果他们每三天能办成一件事，那么他就操作五十多天，再加上常规性的调检查、回报、研究项目、接受上级考评等等诸多事情，可以一说他必须每天都要于时间赛跑。也可以换一种切入角，即我们随机点击一下表格上的某一天，都会发现林保森的那一天很忙，无疑在与时间赛跑，他交给自己的任务很繁重，他的每一天都很辛苦，也很充实。<br /> <br /> On the table on the wall in front of Lin Baosen's desk in his village dormitory, there are countless tips like these. It's worth noting that the italicized text below the bold letters was noted after he getting a job done within six months since my leaving. I calculated that, if each of these tips need to come to the village or downtown for three times, it will take more than fifty trips in total; if they can do one thing in three days, then he needs to work more than fifty days. Considering the regular inspection, return, research projects, the evaluation from the leader and many other things, it must be a daily race against time for him. Or from another angle, that is, we randomly click on the form on a particular day and will find Lin Baosen is very busy on that day. It is no doubt that he is in a race against time. He gave himself a heavy task, so his every day is so hard, but also full.<br /> <br /> ====胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 林保森说，是紧张点，但是不累，只有快乐。他在他的驻村手记《新一箩筐》中这样写道：<br /> “张子林说他家的樱桃熟了，折了一大枝给我送来了，上面挂满了鲜红的大樱桃……” <br /> “在村部门口遇到宁善明家的大娘，她在专门等我，说她家的李子熟了，要我去摘……”<br /> “某日，下班回到宿舍，发现窗台上整齐地摆放着许多蔬菜，茄子辣椒和豆角，不知道是哪位乡亲送来的……”<br /> 现在林保森感到自己已经成为了这个村庄里的一员，每天和这里的乡亲们看着新出土的秧苗喜悦，也和他们一起期盼着金秋的丰收。剔透的蓝天，凛冽的绿风，都让他眷恋无比。早上，一轮红日露出半边笑脸，他就起来了，看看这家的驴，看看那家的菜畦，看看五保户家的烟筒是否飘出了炊烟，然后才洗漱，吃饭。他说自己很享受早饭时光，——把饭端到院子里的小桌上，不知道谁家的小狗就来了，一只，两只，三只，在他脚前等着他喂食，看着小狗们香香地吃着，他站起来收拾碗筷，一回身，见一只大野鸡，正立在院墙上，看着那些散落的食物，那墨绿色的羽毛和大红的鸡冠子，在太阳下一闪一闪的，真好看。<br /> <br /> Lin Baosen said, it’s a little bit nervous, but what he felt was happiness instead of tiredness. In his handbook ‘A New Basket’, he recorded, “Zhang Zilin told me that his cherries were ripe, and he picked a large branch and sent it to me, which was covered with bright red cherries...”, “I met the aunt of Ning Shanming's family at the gate of the village. She was waiting for me. She said that her plums were ripe and asked me to pick them”, “One day, when I went back to my dormitory after work, I found numerous vegetables, eggplants, peppers and beans neatly placed on the windowsill. I had no idea who gave them to me...”<br /> <br /> Lin Baosen said that it’s a little bit busy, but what he has felt was happiness instead of tiredness. In his notebook ‘A New Basket’, he recorded, “Zhang Zilin told me that his cherries were ripe, and he picked a large branch and sent it to me, which bore bright red cherries...”, “I met the aunt of Ning Shanming's family at the gate of the village. She was waiting for me. She said that her plums were ripe and asked me to pick them”, “One day, when I went back to my dormitory after work, I found numerous vegetables, eggplants, peppers and beans neatly placed on the windowsill. I had no idea who gave them to me...” <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Now, Lin Baosen feels that he has become a member of this village. Every day, he joyfully looks at the newly unearthed seedlings with the villagers there and looks forward to a splendid harvest in golden autumn together with them. The clear blue sky and the brisk breeze bring him a sentimental attachment. In the morning, he gets up when the red sun shows half. Before washing up and having breakfast, he would look at the donkeys here and the vegetable patches there, and see if the smoke rising from the chimneys of five guarantees families. He said he enjoyed breakfast time so much. When he took the meals to the table in the courtyard, there came one, two, or three puppies waiting at his feet for being fed. As those puppies ate absorbedly, he stood up to tidy up the dishes. When he turned around, he saw a big pheasant standing on the fence. It’s really pleasing to see the scattered food, the dark green feathers, and the bright red cockscomb shining under the sun.<br /> <br /> Now, Lin Baosen feels that he has become a member of this village. Every day, he is joyful to look the newly unearthed seedlings with the villagers here, and look forward to a splendid harvest in golden autumn together with them. The clear blue sky and the brisk breeze bring him a sentimental attachment. In the morning, he gets up when the red sun shows half. Before washing up and having breakfast, he would look the donkeys and the vegetable patches there, and see if the smoke rising from the chimneys of families with five guarantees. He said that he enjoyed breakfast time so much. When he took the meals to the table in the courtyard, there came one, two, three puppies waiting at his feet for being fed. As those puppies ate happily, he stood up to tidy up the dishes. When he turned around, he saw a big pheasant standing on the fence. It’s really pleasing to see the scattered food, the dark green feathers and the bright red cockscomb shining under the sun.<br /> <br /> ====黄舒威 Huang Shuwei ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 富兴社区， 乡愁在楼门陪你<br /> <br /> In Fuxing community, homesickness accompanies you at the gate of the building.<br /> <br /> Homesickness exists in every corner of the Fuxing community.<br /> <br /> 赤峰全市有易地搬迁安置点二百四十多个，我决定选择紫城街道办事处富兴社区作为调研采访对象，最初是因为有个叫唐显武的老头儿。视频上，面对社区的众多围观者，他身后背着一台小音箱，胸前贴着一张章子怡的大彩照，兀自舞蹈，音乐铿锵而嘈杂，人们的喝彩声此起彼伏，他的舞姿率性而发，全无定法，时而铿锵顿挫，时而如风如柳，时而歪歪斜斜，倒是步步踩在点上，很有节奏感。章子怡一直保持微笑，唐显武不亦乐乎。<br /> <br /> There are more than 240 relocation sites in Chifeng city, I decided to choose the Zicheng street office in Fuxing community as the research and interview object. Because there is an old man named Tang Xianwu. In the video, carrying a small speaker on his back, he danced like nobody is watching with a big colour picture about Zhang Ziyi on his chest in front of a crowd of onlookers in the neighborhood. The music was sonorous and noisy; the people cheered one after another. His dance was spontaneous and undetermined, sometimes powerful, sometimes gentle, sometimes crooked, but step by step on the beats, which was very rhythmic. Zhang Ziyi on the picture has been smiling, Tang Xianwu was so happy too.<br /> <br /> There are more than 240 relocation sites in Chifeng city. There lives an an old man named Tang Xianwu, who is the reason why I decided to choose the Zicheng street office in Fuxing community as the research and interview object at first. In the video, carrying a small speaker on his back and posting a big colour picture of Zhang Ziyi, a famous actress in China, on his chest, he danced boldly in front of a crowd of onlookers living in this neighborhood. With the sonorous and noisy music and the cheerful people, he danced spontaneously and unpredictably, sometimes powerfully, sometimes gently, sometimes crookedly, but all steps were on the beats, which was very rhythmic. Zhang Ziyi in the picture kept smiling, and Tang Xianwu was very happy too.<br /> <br /> 唐显武是一个刚刚从乌丹镇新地村搬到富兴社区的贫困户。他曾经有严重风湿性关节炎，每到冬天，几乎不能走路。住上了暖气房之后，腿不疼了，也能下地走路了，一不小心就成了社区的红人，每天乐此不疲地博人眼球。到了晚上，他要是不出来跳舞，社区的老百姓，心里还空落落的，好像少吃了一顿饭。<br /> <br /> Tang Xianwu was in a poor family that just moved to Fuxing community from Xindi village in Wudan Town. He have had severe rheumatoid arthritis and could barely walk in the winter. After living in the heating room, he was able to walk in the winter with his legs being not hurt and happened to become the community's celebrity. Every day he was willing to attract other people. In the evening, if he did not come out to dance, the people of the community would feel empty, as if they had missed a meal.<br /> <br /> Tang Xianwu was a poor family who just moved to Fuxing community from Xindi village in Wudan Town. He once suffered from severe rheumatoid arthritis and could barely walk in the winter. After living in the heating room, he was able to walk in the winter again with his legs being not hurt. He happened to become the community's celebrity, who enjoys attracting others’ attention every day. If he did not come out and dance in the evening, people of this community would feel empty, as if they had missed a meal.<br /> <br /> ====姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 我说我得会会这个乐天派的小老头儿。<br /> 旗委书记南振虎也建议我去老唐头儿所在的富兴社区看看，他说这个富兴社区是内蒙古自治区扶贫攻坚最大的搬迁安置点 。2018年年末以来，从全旗十三个乡镇苏木，搬迁入住贫困户一千五百四十八家，共四千另四十人。农民大规模从乡村流动到城镇，然后安家立业，一点点变成城市居民。有人和我说，说富兴社区就是黄河入海口，哗啦啦，河水一个跟斗就进了碧蓝色的大海里，是大海变得更多彩了呢，还是河水更清澈呢？还是河与海形成了新的生命共同体了呢？这些还需要时间来证明。南振虎说，紫城街道办的同志们最了解情况，你可以和他们聊聊。 <br /> 说几句题外话。<br /> <br /> I thought that I should meet this old optimistic man. Nan Zhenhu, secretary of the Banner, suggested that I have a look at the Fuxing Community where Li dwelt, which was the largest relocation site set in the Poverty Alleviation Project of the Nei Monggol Autonomous Region. Since the end of 2018, 1548 poverty-stricken households, 4040 people in total, have been relocated here from 13 countries and towns of the Banner. Quite a number of farmers moved to towns, then settled down and started their career, and finally turned into urban residents. It is said that Fuxing Community is the mouth of the Yellow River, where the rushing river can flowing into the ocean only by taking a somersault. Does the ocean become more colourful, or the river clearer? Do they form a new community of shared life? Well, these questions will be answered by time. Nan zhenhu said that the comrades working in the Subdistrict Office best know the situation, so I can talk with them. Now, I’d like to say something else.<br /> <br /> I thought that I should meet this old optimistic man. Nan Zhenhu, our secretary of the Banner Committee, suggested me to go to the Fuxing Community where Tang lived, which was the largest relocation site in the Poverty Alleviation Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. 4040 people from 1548 poverty-stricken households had moved here since the end of 2018, both of whom were from 13 countries and towns of the Banner. Farmers moved to cities and towns in a large number, then settled down and started their work and life here. Someone said that Fuxing Community was like the estuary of the Yellow River. People from rural areas pouring into cities and towns was like the rushing river flowing into the ocean. Did the ocean become more colourful, or the river clearer? Or did both of them build up a new community of shared life? Well, these questions remained to be answered by time. Nan Zhenhu expressed that comrades in the Subdistrict Office were acquainted with the situation and I could have a chat with them. Now, I’d like to say something else.<br /> <br /> ====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====<br /> <br /> <br /> 翁牛特旗旗政府所在地是乌丹镇，原来的名字叫做紫城，清代时犯大忌，故把这个紫分成一黑一红，改名乌丹，赤峰人的聪明由此时可见一斑。时过境迁，在乌丹镇里建立个紫城街道区片，也是人文地理的一种记忆。脱贫攻坚开始，为解决旗内一方水土不能养一方人的问题，政府统筹在紫城街道区域内建设了富兴社区，应迁尽迁，让无法在乡村生产生活的村民，集中入住。如果说这是当地三农史上一次划时代的脱胎换骨，也不为过。搬迁时，村民家里的柴扉土屋、锅头灶脑，镐头铁锨，也就一股脑儿的放弃了，但是农民多少年养成的春种秋收之习性，忠诚于土里刨食的生存信念，对睡火炕、吃杂粮、养小鸡、杀年猪的酷爱，却不是一朝一夕可以断舍离的。<br /> <br /> The government of Wengniute was located at Wudan town. Its original name was Purple City. In conflict with royal taboo in Qing Dynasty, so people divided purple into black and red, and changed the name to Wudan. Chifeng people's intelligence can be seen from this point. Time changing, to establish a Purple City street area in Wudan was also a memory of human geography. As the poverty alleviation began, in order to solve the problem that the county could not support the life of its people, the government drew up a plan to build up a Fuxing community in the neighborhood and implemented the relocation policy through which villagers who could not live and work in rural areas could move there together. It was not exaggerating to say that this was an epoch-making transformation in the local development of three rural issues. During relocation, villagers gave up their homes, pots and pans, picks and shovels, but it could not be broken off overnight that the habit of sowing in spring and harvesting in autumn, the faithfulness to the life of farming, the love of sleeping on the kang (heated earthen bed), eating coarse cereals, as well as raising small chickens and killing pigs for the Spring Festival.<br /> <br /> <br /> The government of Wengniute was located at Wudan town. Its original name was Purple City. In conflict with royal taboo in Qing Dynasty, people divided purple into black and red, and changed the name to Wudan (another version of black and red）. Chifeng people’s intelligence can be seen from this point. Time changing, to establish a Purple City street area in Wudan was also a memory of human geography. As the fight against poverty began, in order to solve the problem that the county could not support the life of its people, the government drew up a plan to build up a Fuxing community in the neighborhood and implemented the relocation policy through which villagers who could not live and work in rural areas could move there together. It was not exaggerating to say that this was an epoch-making transformation in the local development of three rural issues (issues related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers). During relocation, villagers gave up their homes, pots and pans, picks and shovels, but it could not be discarded overnight that the habit of sowing in spring and harvesting in autumn, the faithfulness to the life of farming, the love for sleeping on the kang (heated earthen bed), eating coarse cereals, as well as raising chickens and killing pigs for the Spring Festival.<br /> <br /> ====李鸿 Li Hong====<br /> <br /> 上午九点，我们一行到达富兴社区。紫城街道办事处的党委书记陈宗涛和富兴社区的党支部书记王蕾，陪我在社区参观采访。<br /> 老唐头儿，你在哪里？<br /> 富兴社区建筑群和城市中的其它小区似乎没有什么大区别，钢架雕花的大门，园内绿地开阔，居民广场宽敞漂亮，二十三座居民楼，一律涂暖暖的赭红色打底，加灰白两色勾边提亮，显得好不整齐亮丽，时尚大气 ，怎么联想也无法和农村的烟火庄稼院相提并论。小区大门口两侧的门市房，都已经被充分利用，社区办公室、扶贫车间、药店、超市、便民餐厅一字摆开。与一般居民社区不同的是，这里所有门市的台阶上都站着人，聚堆唠嗑，熙熙攘攘 。<br /> <br /> We arrived at Fuxing community at 9 in the morning. Chen Zongtao, Party Secretary of Zicheng sub-district office, and Wang Lei, Party Branch Secretary of the Fuxing community accompanied me to visit the community. Old Tang, where are you? With the steel-made and carved gate, the open green space in the community and the spacious and beautiful residential square, the buildings in Fuxing Community seemed to be no different from other districts in the city. All the 23 residential buildings were painted with warm ochre red as the base, and were highlighted with gray and white hooks, which gave an air of neatness, beauty and fashion. No one would ever put it on a par with the fireworks and crop yards in the countryside. Besides, the storehouses on both sides of the community had been fully utilized into community offices, workshops for poverty alleviation, pharmacies, supermarkets and restaurants. The only thing that distinguished the Fuxing community from other communities was that the stores here are filled with people, they gathered on the stairs, chatting and bustling.<br /> <br /> We arrived at Fuxing community at 9 in the morning. Chen Zongtao, the secretary of the party committee of Zicheng sub-district office, and Wang Lei, Party Branch Secretary of the Fuxing community accompanied me to visit the community. Old Tang, where were you? With the steel-made and carved gate, the open green space in the community and the spacious and beautiful residential square, the buildings in Fuxing Community seemed to be no different from other communities in the city. All the 23 residential buildings were painted with warm ochre red as the base, and were highlighted with gray and white outlines, which gave an air of neatness, beauty and fashion. No one would ever put it on a par with the rustic crop yards in the countryside. Besides, the storehouses on both sides of the community had been fully utilized into community offices, workshops for poverty alleviation, pharmacies, supermarkets and restaurants. The only thing that distinguished the Fuxing community from other communities was that the stores here were bustling with people gathering on the stairs and chatting.<br /> <br /> ====李佳珺 Li Jiajun====<br /> <br /> 过去，赤峰农民在农闲的冬月里，一般爱做三件事，就是跳广场舞、打对调和晒老爷儿，打对调是打扑克，晒老爷儿就是晒太阳。如今，这是搬到城里来晒老爷儿了？不是。我专门走到人堆里找人沟通了一下。第一个人堆儿大都是一些老头，他们原本已经把农村的土地流转给了种植企业，由于自身还可以劳动，便每天在这里等活儿。附近很多用人的小企业，经常到这里雇佣他们，给他们一些力所能及的工作。我面前的这个农民七十岁了，满脸深深的皱纹，两眼却好不明亮，他脚上的鞋帮刷出了白茬，一身衣服臃肿，脖子上突兀地围着一条蓝红色格子的羊毛围巾，看上去质量还不错。我夸了他一下他的围脖，他说在村里风那么大，从不戴这玩意儿，进了城，打入冬就戴上了，还离不开了呢。陈宗涛书记对我说，这肯定是她丫头给他买的，在富兴你就看吧，凡是穿的板正利索的，家里安了热水器的，大部分都是丫头给弄得，他这一点和南振虎的看法一样，如今农村儿子在孝心方面，不如女儿。这老头告诉我，他正在给一个企业打更，晚上可以睡觉，有一千四百元的收入，过年过节还发月饼、米面啥的。陈宗涛问他有什么困难没有，他一连用了“中、中、中”三个字表示满意，接着他又说，白天闲着也是闲着，想再找一份不影响打更的活儿。我问他，用工的单位多吗？他说你看着，连老唐头都能找到活儿。<br /> <br /> 原来，社区已经和工业园区和周边企业达成了优先用工协议，还设定了很多社会公益的岗位。起初不愿意搬迁的村民说，俺们土拉吧唧的，进城除了喝西北风，啥也干不了，现在一看，收入比在家侍弄那几亩没有水浇的旱地，翻了好几倍，都乐了。<br /> <br /> In the past, Chifeng farmers usually indulged into three things in the fallow winter season, which were square dancing, playing &quot;Duidiao&quot; and &quot;sunning old men&quot;. Playing &quot;Duidiao&quot; means playing poker, and &quot;sunning old men&quot; means taking a sunbath. Did they move to the town for sunbathing now? Not really. I went to investigate the crowds. The first crowd were some old men, they had already transferred their farmland in the countryside to the planting enterprise. However, they could still work, so they stayed here to wait for job opportunities. There were many short-handed small enterprises would hire them and offer them some work within their limits. The farmer in front of me was 70 years old, there were wrinkles all over his face, but his eyes were still shining. His shoes had been washed too much with some white dots on, and his clothes were puffy, with a unmatched blue-and-red plaid woolen scarf on his neck, which looked pretty good. I praised his scarf, and he told me that he had never worn a scarf even the wind was so strong in the village, but after he went to the city, the scarf had never left him since winter started. Secretary Chen Zongtao told me, the scarf must be the gift from his daughter, in Fixing, generally speaking, it is daughters that bought decent clothes or water heater for their families. He was agreed with Nan Zhenhu that nowdays daughters treated the family better than sons did. The old man said he was working for a company as a night watchman, and he could also sleep at night. The salary was 1,400 yuan per month, when it came to festivals, the company would send them moon cakes, rice and flours and so on. Chen asked him if he had any trouble, and he answered with &quot;good, good, good&quot; to show his satisfaction. Then he said, &quot;Since there is nothing to do in the daytime, I want to find another job which won't affect the night shift.&quot; I asked him, was there many companies needed employers? He answered, &quot;Look, even old Tang are able to find a job.&quot;<br /> <br /> It turned out that the community had already reached a preferential employment agreement with industrial estate and surrounding enterprises, and set many social welfare positions. The villagers who were not willing to move said, &quot;We are farmers, there are nothing to do for us in the town. But now we are so happy to see that the income is several times higher compared with working on the dry land at home.&quot;<br /> <br /> In the past, Chifeng farmers usually indulged into three things in the fallow winter season, which were square dancing, playing &quot;Duidiao&quot; and &quot;sunning old men&quot;. Playing &quot;Duidiao&quot; means playing poker, and &quot;sunning old men&quot; means taking a sunbath. Did they move to the town for sunbathing later? Not really. I went to investigate the crowds. The first crowd were some old men, they had already transferred their farmland in the countryside to the planting enterprises. However, they could still work, so they stayed here and wait for job opportunities. There were many short-handed small enterprises would hire them and offer them some work within their limits. The farmer in front of me was 70 years old, there were wrinkles all over his face, but his eyes were still shining. His shoes had been washed too much with some white dots on, and his clothes were puffy, with a unmatched blue-and-red plaid woolen scarf on his neck, which looked pretty good. I praised his scarf, and he told me that he had never worn a scarf even the wind was so strong in the village, but after he went to the city, the scarf had never left him since winter started. Secretary Chen Zongtao told me, the scarf must be the gift from his daughter, in Fuxing, generally speaking, it is daughters that bought decent clothes or water heater for their families. He was agreed with Nan Zhenhu that nowdays daughters treated the family better than sons did. The old man said he was working for a company as a night watchman, and he could also sleep at night. The salary was 1,400 yuan per month, when it came to festivals, the company would send them moon cakes, rice and flours and so on. Chen asked him if he had any trouble, and he answered with &quot;good, good, good&quot; to show satisfaction with his status quo. Then he said, &quot;Since there is nothing to do in the daytime, I want to find another job which won't affect the night shift.&quot; I asked him, was there many companies needed employees? He answered, &quot;Look, even old Tang are able to find a job.&quot;<br /> <br /> It turned out that the community had already reached a preferential employment agreement with industrial estate and surrounding enterprises, and set many social welfare positions. The villagers who were not willing to move at the beginning said, &quot;We are farmers, there are nothing to do for us in the town. But now we are so happy to see that the income is several times higher compared with working on the dry land at home.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====李可依 Li Keyi====<br /> <br /> 这时我又走到了几个五十出头的男村民旁边。一个叫徐品友的村民说，他有点技术，社区帮他找了一份电工活儿，我问他收入多少，他一笑，没回答。我琢磨他这一笑，有腼腆的因素，有不想让周围的村民眼馋的因素，也有自己偷着乐的想法。接着我就问，你出来干活儿，老伴儿在干啥呢？社区的王书记王蕾，是个好姐姐类型的干部，她一路陪着我，几乎我问的每件事，她都是了如指掌，介绍起来比农民自己说得还详细。这时她插话说：“学面点呢，他们几个的老伴儿，都没在家呆着，全在饭店里蒸包子，蒸馒头呢”。徐品友这时候不知为啥突然高声说了活——哎呀，可比在农村强多了，在农村种地，老天爷不下雨，你就是干瞪眼儿，能收个啥呀……<br /> <br /> At this point I walked next to a few more male villagers in their early fifties. A villager named Xu Pinyou said, with some skills, he found a job as an electrician with the help of community. I asked him how much he earned, he smiled and did not answer. I ponder that there is a shy factor in his smile, and he didn't want surrounding villagers envy him, but just laugh up his sleeve. Then I asked, what is your wife doing when you come out to work? Wang Lei, the community secretary, is a good sister type of cadre, accompanied me all the way. She knows almost everything I asked, and introduced more detailed than the farmers themselves. She interjected: &quot;Their wives didn't stay at home, but learned pastry and are working in restaurants steaming buns and bread.&quot; At this time Xu Pinyou suddenly said in a loud voice for some reason - ah, this is much better than in the countryside. In the countryside, if it doesn't rain, you can't do anything, even mention the harvest...<br /> <br /> At this point I walked next to several more male villagers in their early fifties. A villager named Xu Pinyou said, with a bit of skills, he found a job as an electrician with the help of community. I asked him how much he earned, he smiled and did not answer. I pondered that there is a shy factor in his smile, and he didn't want surrounding villagers envy him, but just laugh up his sleeve. Then I asked, what is your wife doing when you come out to work? Wang Lei, the community secretary, is a good sister type of cadre, accompanied me all the way. She knew almost everything I asked, and introduced more detailed than the farmers themselves. She interjected: &quot;Their wives didn't stay at home, but learned pastry and are working in restaurants steaming buns and bread.&quot; At this time Xu Pinyou suddenly said in a loud voice for some reason - ah, this is much better than working in the countryside. In the countryside, if it doesn't rain, you can't do anything, even mention the harvest...<br /> <br /> ====李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====<br /> <br /> <br /> 在赤峰，我所到的几十个村子，都有一个共同之处，就是年轻人接近于零，不是出去上学，就是出去打工，守家在地的都是中老年，这个群体极容易因病致贫。富兴社区集中安置的贫困户，平均年龄偏高，街道和社工因势利导，设立了一些特殊而适用的公益岗位 。例如小老人管老老人这个岗位，组织年轻一些的老人照顾比他们更老的老人，叫小老人看护老老人。小老人有钱挣，老老人有人管，真是一举两得。我觉得这个想法还真的不错，我母亲卧病好几年了，也换过几个保姆，最终留下来的，都是五六十岁的小老人。小老人他们有阅历，懂人生，往往更能理解老老人的困境，更容易设身处地，将心比心，只要身体允许，照顾老老人，比年轻人能稳住，有耐心。 我想，国家的老龄化已经来临，也许这个方法应该大举推荐。<br /> <br /> In Chifeng, dozens of villages I have visited have one thing in common, that is, there were very few young people. They either went to school or went out to work. The middle aged and elderly people who stayed at home were very vulnerable to poverty due to illness. The average age of the poor households intensively resettled in Fuxing Community was on high side. The subdistrict office and social workers have taken advantage of the situation and set up some special and applicable public welfare posts. For example, they organized younger old people to take care of elder old people. The younger old people can earn money and the elderly can also be taken care of. It's killing two birds with one stone. I think this idea is really good. My mother has been ill for several years, and she also changed two or three nannies. Finally, the people who left are young people in their fifties and sixties. The younger old people have experience and are often more able to understand the difficulties of the old people, and are easier to put themselves in the same shoes. As long as their bodies last, they can take care of the elder old people, and they are more stable and patient than the young people. I think that the aging of the country has come, and perhaps this method should be widely popularized.<br /> <br /> In Chifeng, dozens of villages I had visited had one thing in common, that was, there were nearly no young people. They either went to school or went out to work. The middle-aged and elderly people who stayed at home and farmed on lands were very vulnerable to poverty due to illness. The average age of the poor households intensively resettled in the Fuxing Community was relatively high. The streets and social workers took advantage of the situation and set up some special and applicable public welfare posts. For example, they organized younger old people to take care of elder old people. The younger old people could earn money and the elderly could be taken care of. It's killing two birds with one stone. I thought this idea was really good. My mother had been ill for several years, and several nannies were changed. Finally, the nannies left were younger old people in their fifties and sixties. The younger old people had experience, knew life, and were often abler to understand the difficulties of the old people, and easier to put themselves in others’ shoes. As long as their bodies were allowed, they could take care of the elder old people with more stability and more patience compared with young people. I thought that the population aging of the country had come, and perhaps this method should be widely popularized.<br /> <br /> ====李心田 Li Xintian====<br /> <br /> 土地有人替你种，农民搬得出；进城有住房，就医上学不发愁，农民稳得住；到处需要农民工，农民就有了挣钱机会，说不上能致富，但肯定有收入。脱贫已经不是问题，如何更富裕，更文明的目标已经在眼前招手了。陈宗涛算了一笔账：一个农民做工按两千算，一年就是两万四，加上在老家的地租钱，加上政府给的兜底保障，加上易地搬迁后续产业支撑的收入，远远超过了每人 三千六百元的脱贫标准。<br /> <br /> With lands farmed by others, farmers were able to move out; with housing, health care, and education available in cities, farmers were able to stay long; with migrant workers needed everywhere, farmers had chances to earn money. Although it might not make them rich, at least farmers certainly would have some earnings. Poverty alleviation was no longer a problem. A new target of how to get rich and how to be more civilized was waving hands in front of eyes. Chen Zongtao did an account: suppose a farmer earned 2,000 yuan per month for his or her work, he or she would earn 24,000 yuan a year. Adding the land rent in his or her hometown, the government guarantees, and the income supported by sequent industries of relocation, a farmer’s income was far over the poverty alleviation standard of 3,600 yuan per person.<br /> <br /> 不过 我还是有点纳闷儿，八十岁的老唐头，你能找到啥工作，劳动法允许吗？<br /> <br /> However, I was still confused about whether old Tang, at the age of 80, could find any job, and whether his working was allowed by labor law.<br /> <br /> 我问陈宗涛，老唐头在哪儿，什么时候跳舞啊？陈宗涛站在台阶上四处一望，说这么找有点费劲。艾平老师，咱们转吧，没准儿能遇上他，我说也好，咱们正好边走边聊。<br /> 没想到，挺老远站着的一个村民一直在听着我们的谈话，这时他突然亮了一嗓子——老唐头是上午挣钱，下午跳舞，在车间呢。陈宗涛说，咱们最后也要去车间。<br /> <br /> I asked Chen Zongtao where old Tang was, and when he would dance. Chen Zongtao looked around on the steps and said, “It’s hard to find him this way. Mr. Ai Ping, how about walking around? There was a chance for us to encounter him.” I said it was okay and we could walk and talk. We didn’t know that a villager, standing in the distance, listened to our talk all the way. At that moment, he abruptly answered—old Tang earned money in the morning and danced in the afternoon in the workshop. Chen Zongtao said we would also go to the workshop in the end.<br /> <br /> With lands farmed by others, farmers were able to move out; with housing, health care, and education available in cities, farmers were able to stay long; with migrant workers needed everywhere, farmers had chances to earn money. Although it might not make them rich, at least farmers certainly would have some earnings. Poverty alleviation was no longer a problem. A new target of how to get rich and how to be more civilized was waving hands in front of us. Chen Zongtao did an account: suppose a farmer earned 2,000 yuan per month for his or her work, he or she would earn 24,000 yuan a year. Adding the land rent in his or her hometown, the government guarantees, and the income supported by sequent industries of relocation, a farmer’s income was far over the poverty alleviation standard of 3,600 yuan per person.<br /> However, I was still confused about whether old Tang, at the age of 80, could find any job, or whether his working was allowed by labor law. I asked Chen Zongtao where old Tang was, and when he would dance. Chen Zongtao looked around on the steps and said, “It’s hard to find him this way. Mr. Ai Ping, how about walking around? There was a chance for us to encounter him.” I said it was okay and we could walk and talk. We didn’t know that a villager, standing in the distance, listened to our talk all the way. At that moment, he abruptly answered—old Tang earned money in the morning and danced in the afternoon in the workshop. Chen Zongtao said we would also go to the workshop in the end.<br /> <br /> ====李彦 Li Yan====<br /> <br /> 走进小区，最引人注目的立在楼群正中间的一个大柱子，我一时没看清是啥东西，就听到空中传来了一个男人的声音：“各位网格员，各位楼长，各位村民，早晨饭都吃完了吗？身体舒坦吧？小区东边的居民自由市场已经不少有卖东西的了，没事儿看看去，你想买啥卖啥都允许，不收费，街道办的陈书记说了，一开始不要管的太死，太死了就没人来了，慢慢规范着……”原来这柱子上端，安装着四个全中国都少见的古董式大喇叭，土话“村村响”，冲着东西南北四个方向 ，它一出声，家家户户都能听到。陈宗涛无奈地笑了，他私下布置工作时说的话，直截了当地就给捅了出来，住进了楼房的人们，不改村里的思维方式。<br /> 一开始村民搬进来的时候，整体发懵，村委会呢？村书记呢？小组长呢？啥是社区，啥是街道？<br /> <br /> Into the district, the most striking building-a large pillar stands in the middle of the group of buildings, then I heard a man's voice in the air before seeing clearly what it was, : “ the grid, the building manager and the villagers, have you eaten the morning meal? do you feel comfotable? there are a lot of products to sell in the eastern side of the neighborhood free market where the residents live, you are allowed to buy anything and sell anything you want for free. “It is better don’t control too strictly at first otherwise no one is willing to come, and regulate it step by step......” said the street office of the Secretary Chen. The original column at the top was installed with four rare antique loudspeakers in China named “village sound” in vernacular, facing four directions- east, west, north and south. Every household could hear as long as it sounded. Chen Zongtao helplessly laughed, for what he said in arranging tasks privately would straightforwardly broadcasted by loudspeakers. While people living in the building didn’t change their way of thinking in village.<br /> At first, when the villagers moved in, they were all puzzled, wondering where is the village committee? Where is the village secretary? Where is the group leader? And what is a community, what is a street?<br /> <br /> ====李梓玉 Li Ziyu====<br /> <br /> 所以富兴社区的结构设置充分考虑了农村的习惯，第一排楼叫党家庄，国家庄，法家庄……第二排楼叫张家营子，马家营子……全社区分若干个网格，每个网格一百多家，网格有网格长，楼道有楼道长，人在网中住，事儿在网中办。<br /> <br /> Therefore, full consideration was given to local customs in rural areas when establishing the management grid for the Fuxing community. The first row of buildings were respectively named as &quot;the Building of Dangs&quot;, &quot;the Building of the Guos&quot;, and &quot;the Building of the Fas&quot;... Likewise, the second row of buildings were respectively named as &quot;the Building of the Zhangs&quot;, &quot;the Building of the Mas&quot;... the community is divided into grids, and in each grid there are more than a hundred families. Every grid and every unit has its own administrator, and people living in the grids can address their problems right on the spot. '''(Li Ziyu)''' <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 陈宗涛虽然在街道办事处办公，却是富兴老百姓人人认识的陈哥陈叔陈老弟。村里来的老百姓不管你是什么官，有了困难就站在大门口吵吵，陈宗涛说， 人怕见面，树怕扒皮，你一定要耐心听完，合理的马上办，不合理的耐心解释。老百姓其实很体谅人，他们见不到干部才上火，他们见到了干部，心先就踏实了。<br /> <br /> Although working in the Street Office, Chen Zongtao is also regarded as a beloved brother of the people in the community. Chen Zongtao said that villagers here who are having a hard time tend to shout at the front door of the Street Office for its help, regardless of the scope of the clerical workers' power. As the saying goes, having a face-to-face conversation can promote the understanding of the truth, while peeling the bark of a tree can help judge the quality of the wood. We must be patient to listen to the people, satisfy their reasonable demands as soon as possible, and reject unreasonable ones with patient explanation. The people are actually very considerate, they will be very angry if they don't see the officers, but as soon as they do, they will feel at ease. '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 你看，老百姓终于搞明白了，他们说：单元的楼道长，就是村里的小组长，网格长就是村里的村长，王蕾书记就是大队长，陈宗涛书记就是公社书记。<br /> <br /> Finally, the villagers have figured the grid system out. As they said: the unit managers are just like the group leaders in our village, the grid administrators are the village heads, Secretary Wang Lei is the production brigade leader, and Secretary Chen Zongtao is the commune secretary. '''(Li Ziyu)<br /> '''<br /> <br /> <br /> 在社区里走着。只见楼前的一个个小菜园子，在初冬的阳光里还是绿莹莹的，韭菜矮壮，羊角葱叶子带着白霜，小白菜也有半尺高了，看样子是秋天罢园后续种的。<br /> 村村响大喇叭又说了：“易地搬迁是个筐，前边挑着爹，后面挑着娘，绝对不能慢待进城的老乡。”<br /> <br /> When we walk around the community we can see several small vegetable gardens in front of the buildings. Bathed in the early winter sunshine, the leeks in the vegetable garden are short and strong, the leaves of the green onions are tinged with frost, and the small cabbages have grown half a foot in height, which seem to have been planted after the harvest in autumn. You can also hear the loudspeakers in the village saying, &quot;relocating our villagers from inhospitable areas is just like carrying a basket with our fathers (the newly arrived villagers) in the front and our mothers (the indigenous residents) in the back, and we should never treat our villagers lightly.&quot; '''(Li Ziyu)'''<br /> <br /> ====梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====<br /> <br /> 陈宗涛又笑了，原来这话也是他说的。<br /> Chen Zongtao laughed again. It turns out that he had said that too.<br /> 那时候村民们还没有全搬来，在组建党支部和村委会时，他反复强调过，面对新来乍到的村民，要有充分的思想准备，把各项工作做在前面，让村民们找到回家的感觉。<br /> At that time, villagers hadn’t all moved here yet. He then repeated that facing new villagers, we must be fully prepared with thought and get all jobs done before their movement, to make villagers feel at home. <br /> 就说这个大喇叭吧，也是他们费尽心思安排的。<br /> Say the huge speaker is also one of their preparations.<br /> 陈宗涛本身是农村孩子出身的的基层干部，他知道上了点岁数的村民们都是啥习惯，虽然老头老太太们差不多都有了手机，上了微信，但是他们还是信大喇叭里的话，大喇叭在村口广播了好几十年，他们的心都跟大喇叭挂上钩了。<br /> Chen himself grow up in a rural area, and he knew well about the habits of the elderly people. Though smartphones and we chat are widely used by these elder people, they still want to believe what comes from the speaker. As the speaker had delivered information for decades, it had long ago become a whole part of the villagers. <br /> 虽然千思万想，似乎做足了功课，到了村民们搬进社区之后，才知道许多事情必须等着车到山前才能办，方向盘只有和车轱辘一起使劲，才能走到车辙上。<br /> Though he had thought a lot and made all preparations, after the villagers had moved in, he began to be aware that so many things can’t be prepared. Only the wheel and the driver work together, can the car move ahead.<br /> 你看吧，一家家村民扶老携幼地来了，坐着半截子客货两用车，车上除了人，就是粮食袋子、咸菜缸。<br /> You see, families all come with little children and old people together, driving a half-truck which can also take passengers. There are food packages, and jars of salted vegetables in the truck beside people. <br /> 那些要食吃的鸡鸭鹅也被带来了，你就听吧，咯咯咯，嘎嘎嘎叫得那个欢，好像天上落下了一群雁，哩哩啦啦的屎尿，瞬间把干干净净的楼道，整得都是骚臭气。<br /> Together come the ducks, and chickens goose a chaotic sound of them. It seemed like a pack of wild geese fell on the earth and suddenly clean and tidy walkways were filled with smelly shit and urine. <br /> 你让他们清出去，大叔大婶抱着一只大公鸡就冲你来了，老会说话了：“这东西是捧在手心里喂大的，把它扔到荒地里吧，那是叫俺们一步三回头，说啥舍不得。<br /> If you ask the villagers to kick their poultries out of here, they will just come to you holding with a rooster and sincerely tell you that they carefully raise them and it will be so not willing to let them go nowhere.<br /> 它们都是原生态的无污染的，你们城里人不是好这口嘛……再说了，你们帮俺们盖楼修房子也辛苦了，就权当见面礼，领导拿回去给孩子们吃了吧……”这可倒好，几句话把干部们整得半斤不是六两也不是，怼回去怕伤了他们，接过来也不是那么回事儿。<br /> They grew up one hundred percent without chemicals. You people coming from cities like to eat. Besides, you must be tired of helping us build homes. Just take them to your children as our first-meeting gifts. Here they are, making us so embarrassed to be unreasonable. And we fear hurting their feelings by denying them, but it also feels wrong to agree with their requests.<br /> <br /> correction： Chen Zongtao laughed again. It turns out that he had said that too. At that time, villagers hadn’t all moved here yet. He then repeated that facing new villagers, we must be fully prepared and get all jobs done to make villagers feel at home. Say the huge speaker, which is also one of their preparations. Chen, a grass-root cadre, who grow up in a rural area, and knew well about the habits of the elderly people. Though smartphones and WeChat are widely used by these senior citizens, they still believe what comes from the speaker. As the speaker had delivered information for decades, they were very familiar with it. Though he had thought a lot and prepared a lot, he began to be aware that so many things can’t be done before the villagers moved in. In other words, only the wheel and the driver work together, can the car move ahead. Look, families all come with little children and old people together. They drive a notchback which takes passengers, food packages, and jars of salted vegetables. Together come ducks, chickens and goose, all of which will be their food. Listen, they cluck and cackle, which seems like a pack of wild geese fell on the earth and suddenly clean and tidy walkways were filled with smelly shit and urine. If you ask the villagers to kick their poultry out of here, they will just come to you holding a rooster and sincerely tell you that they carefully raise them so they are not willing to put them on a wasteland. They grew up one hundred percent without chemicals. You people coming from cities like to eat them. Besides, you must be tired after helping us build houses. Just take them to your children as our first-meeting gifts. Well, these sentences put cadres in a dilemma. And they fear hurting their feelings by denying them, but it also feels wrong to accept their gifts.<br /> <br /> ====廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====<br /> <br /> 很多男村民放着冲水马桶不用，站到楼后面就小便，劝他，他说这是房后。他们从小到大都是在自家屋后处理这个问题的。告诉他们这里是社区，是公共空间，他们又说不会放水冲马桶，往比饭碗还白的马桶前一站，就不会使那股劲了……社区干部把他们领回家，告诉他们怎么按放水开关，他们才说了心里的实话，用水要花钱，没见过拉屎撒尿还带要钱的……<br /> 大婶大妈们没有每天上市场买菜的习惯，要做饭了，在自家院子里的菜畦，顺手薅上一把小菜，摘几个辣椒豆角，一炒一炖，就是美味佳肴。她们第一舍不得钱出去买菜，第二吃不惯菜市场里那些用营养液种出来的菜。有史以来，她们就没吃过根上没有土的菜， 茄子柿子要太阳晒出色儿来，胡萝卜窝瓜也要过点秋霜才好吃。<br /> 社区的三个党小组全部行动起来，街道 派了一个副主任，专门负责抓这个社区的物业、幼儿园和学校、超市、医疗、法庭、派出所，开展民生义务服务、帮助弱势群体，宣传文明法治。在陈宗涛说，社区没小事，必须让文明之光把每一块砖缝都照亮。<br /> <br /> Many male villagers, instead of using closestool, urinate in the back of a building. If you try to persuade him, he will make excuses and say that it’s in the back of a house. Since they were kids, they did it like this. If you explain that this is a community, or public space, they will answer that they don’t know how to use closestool, because they can’t urinate when they stand in front of this white thing. After the community cadres take them to their home and teach them how to press the button to flush the toilet, they tell the truth that they don’t want to pay money for toileting. Many aunts just pick up vegetables in their own plots of land, like pepper and beans, to serve a variety of delicious food for they are not yet accustomed to buying food outside. Several factors are at play. First, they hesitate to use money. Second, they are not used to eating the food that are planted by nutrient solution in the market. They never taste vegetable without soil on the root. For example, eggplant and persimmon should have beautiful color, showing that they have been fully shined by the sun, and carrot and squash should be shrouded in fall frost. Three party groups in the community all take action and the Sub-district Office also dispatches an associate director to have responsibility for property, kindergarten, school, supermarket, health care, tribunal and police station. They provide service for people to improve their well-being, help the vulnerable and expand the reach of civilization and law rules. Chen Zongtao says that everything in the community is big, so everyone in the community should focus on civilization.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> (改）A number of male villagers, instead of using flush toilets, urinate in the back of a building. If you try to persuade they, they will make excuses and say that it’s in the back of a house where they did so since they were kids.If you explain that this is in a community in public, they will reply that they don’t know how to use flush toilet, because they don’t know how to urinate when they stand in front of this white thing. After the community officials take them home and teach them how to press the button to flush the toilet, they finally tell the truth that they don’t want to pay money for toileting. Never in their whole life did they see anyone pay for that. Many aunts just pick up vegetables in their own plots of land, like pepper and beans, to serve a variety of delicious food for they are not yet accustomed to buying food in the market. Several factors are at play. First, they grudge paying for vegetable. Second, they are not used to eating the food that are planted by nutrient solution in the market.They never taste vegetable without soil on the root. For example, eggplant and persimmon should have beautiful color, showing that they have been fully shined by the sun, and carrot and squash should be shrouded in fall frost. Three party groups in the community all take action and the Sub-district Office also dispatches an associate director in charge of property, kindergarten, school, supermarket, health care, tribunal and police station here.They provide services for people to improve their well-being, help the vulnerable, promote cultural progress and popularize the rule of law. Chen Zongtao says that everything in the community is significant, so we should make the cultural and ethical progress benefit all.<br /> <br /> ====刘丛领 Liu Congling====<br /> <br /> 原来菜园子就是这么来的。陈宗涛说，所以我们富兴社区，和哪个城镇小区都不一样，我们的绿地，就是菜地，就是群众的菜园子，老师你看，漂亮不漂亮？<br /> It turns out that this is how the vegetable garden was made. Chen Zongtao said that was why Fuxing community was different from other communities in the town and city------ our greenbelt was a vegetable patch as well as people's vegetable garden. Have a look, it’s beautiful, isn’t it?<br /> <br /> 我说漂亮又适用，给你们点个赞！<br /> I said it was beautiful and practical. I would like to give you a thumbs-up!<br /> <br /> 接着我们就往单元里走，在一楼的楼门间里，装置在墙壁上的玻璃橱窗，让我眼前一亮。<br /> Then we walked to a unit, where a show window installed on the walls wowed me in the door room on the first floor.<br /> <br /> 多年下乡采访，我最怕遇到按着本本说话的人，多么有趣的生活，一经他们的嘴，马上变成了死板的口号、没有血肉的塑料花。<br /> Many years’ experience of interviewing in the countryside makes me afraid of meeting people who are pedantic. Because no matter how interesting life is, they will immediately turn it into a rigid slogan like a plastic flower without flesh and blood. <br /> <br /> <br /> 这个陈宗涛还真的不一样，你听 ——大雁飞出去千万里，忘不了破壳出生的地方。人又不是桌椅板凳，得哪放哪，农民呼啦一下子迁出老窝子，做饭，没有大铁锅，睡觉没有热炕头，出了家门，看不到房檐上的燕子窝，听不到羊羔子牛犊子叫，心里能不发空吗？我们必须动脑筋啊，要让老百姓走进楼房就能找到回家的感觉。<br /> Chen Zongtao is really different. Listen, altough the wild geese have flew away for thousands of miles, they cannot forget the place where they were born. People are not tables, chairs and benches that can be put anything at random. Peasants were suddenly removed out of their old house, living a place where they cook without big wok, sleep without a warm kang, go out of the house without a swallow nest on the eaves and hear no mooing and bleating of lambs and calves. How could they not not feel empty? We have to use our brains to make people feel at home when they walk into the building.<br /> <br /> Liu Jiayu:It turns out that this is how the vegetable garden was made. Chen Zongtao said, “That is why Fuxing community is different from any other community in the town----- our greenbelt is a vegetable patch as well as people's garden plots. Have a look. It’s beautiful, isn’t it? “<br /> I said it was beautiful and practical. I would like to give you a thumbs-up! <br /> Then we walked to a unit, where a show window installed on the walls wowed me in the door room on the first floor.<br /> Many years’ experience of interviewing in the countryside makes me afraid of meeting people who are pedantic. Because no matter how interesting the life is, they will immediately turn it into a rigid slogan like a plastic flower without flesh and blood. <br /> Chen Zongtao is really different. Listen, although the wild geese have flew away for thousands of miles, they cannot forget the place where they were born. People are not tables, chairs and benches that can be put anywhere at random. Peasants suddenly removed out of their home, live a place where they cook without big wok, sleep without a kang (heatable brick bed), go out of the house without a swallow nest on the eaves and hear no mooing and bleating of lambs and calves. How could they not feel empty? We have to use our brains to make people feel at home when they walk into the building.<br /> <br /> ====刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 橱窗里面装满了农村的老物件。老镰刀的刀刃秃了，木把却被磨得发亮；一个粗瓷大饭碗微微有点点裂缝，使人想起黏糊糊香喷喷的芸豆大碴子粥；一个斜了边框珠子还在的木算盘，好像还噼里啪啦地响着，而那个叼着旱烟，打着算盘的大队会计好像并没有离去……还有奶奶用棉线绣的布荷包，大娘用麻绳纳的布鞋底，写着双喜字的铁茶缸……上楼下楼的人们，每一天都会从自己的老故事里走过。<br /> 陈宗涛说，领导领导，就是领着大家往前跑，干部干部，能干好事儿的才叫干部。老师，你看我们整的还中吧？不怕老师笑话，这真不是我们自己的发明创造，是从北京郊区大北桥乡学来的，不过我们在里面放了咱翁牛特老家的物件儿，也算学以致用吧。<br /> 说着社区没小事儿的话，一件小事就来了。有位大婶儿迎面就拦住了我们。陈书记，咋整啊？<br /> 陈宗涛说，啥咋整？<br /> <br /> The glass-fronted cupboard was full of old stuff from the countryside. The blade of the long-used sickle was blunt, but the wooden handle was polished; a big rice bowl made of stoneware, with slight cracks, was suggestive of sticky, savoury congee of kidney beans; an inclined-framed wooden abacus, with beads on it, was sitting there as if still clicking sharply. It seemed that the accountant of the battalion never left away. He was always ticking off beads on abacus, holding a pipe in his mouth… In the cupboard, there was also a cloth pouch embroidered with cotton thread by grandma, a pair of cloth soles made of hemp rope by aunt, an iron tea mug with a Chinese character of double happiness... People walk up and down the stairs, passing the cupboard every day, just like walking through their own old stories in the past days. Chen Zongtao said, “leader, leader, a leader is the one who lead everyone forward; cadre, cadre, a cadre is the one who do good deeds for everyone. Sir, you see, we did a good job, right? Not afraid of your laughing at us, we didn’t invent this, but learned from Dabeiqiao village on the outskirts of Beijing. We placed some stuff of our hometown in Wengniute. It can be counted as studying for the purpose of application.” Chen was just saying that there were no small things in the community, and a small thing came. An aunt stooped us right in our face, asking, “Secretary Chen, what should we do?” Chen Zongtao said, “What do you mean by that？”<br /> <br /> The glass-fronted cupboard was full of old stuff from the countryside. The blade of the long-used sickle was blunt, but the wooden handle was polished; a big rice bowl made of stoneware, with slight cracks, recalled the sticky and savoury congee of kidney beans; an inclined-framed wooden abacus, with beads on it, was sitting there as if it was still clicking sharply. It seemed that the accountant of the battalion never left away, the one who was always ticking off beads on abacus, holding a pipe in his mouth… In the cupboard, there was also a cloth pouch embroidered with cotton thread by grandma, a pair of cloth soles made of hemp rope by aunt, and an iron tea mug with a Chinese character of double happiness... People walk up and down the stairs and pass the cupboard every day, just like walking through their own old stories in the past days. Chen Zongtao said, “leader, leader, a leader is the one who lead everyone forward; cadre, cadre, a cadre is the one who do good deeds for everyone. Sir, you see, we did a good job, right? Not afraid of your laughing at us, we didn’t invent this but learned from Dabeiqiao village on the outskirts of Beijing. We placed some stuff of our hometown in Wengniute. It can be counted as studying for the purpose of application.” Chen was just saying that there were no small thing in the community, and then a small thing came. An aunt stooped us right in our face, asking, “Secretary Chen, what should we do?” Chen Zongtao said, “What do you mean by that？&quot;<br /> <br /> ====刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====<br /> <br /> 大婶子说，我家停电了呗。口气好不理直气壮<br /> 陈宗涛的感觉是司空见惯，他答应着大婶的话，就张罗找物业，要不是陪我，肯定会把这个大婶儿直接送到物业办公室了。他说不会停电的，没准是碰了电闸，物业告诉两次，她就知道了。<br /> 我说陈书记，你真是接地气 ，这点小事，也亲力亲为。<br /> 陈宗涛说，别说我了，就是我们旗委书记南振虎到了这也一样，上回来调研，一进老乡家，就问你们家的热水器咋不插电呢？一听老乡说他们家不洗澡，赶紧问为啥，有的老乡说使不明白这家伙，热水太烫人；有的老乡说热水器流出来的是冰凉的水，可能是假货，有的老乡说热水器费电……到了双休日，南书记就特意来了一趟，挨家走，一户一户地教老乡使用热水器，怎么开，怎么关，怎么定时，怎么调温，几个老乡学会了，体验到洗澡的好处了，便扬着红扑扑的脸，飘着浑身的浴液香味，到大门口晒老爷儿去了，不一会儿，社区就传开了——不会洗澡你就别瞎鼓捣热水器，旗委书记叫你咋洗你就咋洗，按照咱们领导的指示办，保险褪泥、冒汗，浑身舒坦。<br /> <br /> The aunt said with arrogance, “My house is out of power.” For Chen Zongtao, he was accustomed to the tone of her voice. So, he promised her to solve this problem and went to find a property management company. He would absolutely send the aunt to the office of property management but for accompanying me. Chen said that the electricity would not be cut off unless the switch was tripped. She got that after being told twice by a staff of the management. I told the Secretary Chen that he was so amiable that he was willing to do small things all by himself. “Don’t mention it,” Chen said, “even our secretary of the banner committee-Nan Zhenhu is here, he will also do the same thing. Last time he came back to do research and found that some villagers didn’t electrify their geyser. When hearing they never use that to take a shower, he asked them for a reason in haste. Some said they didn’t know how to use it for the water was too hot to take a bath, some said the water was cool and doubted that whether it was a fake one, and the other said it wasted electricity... So, the Secretary Nan went specially to here to taught every household how to use that geyser on that weekend, such as how to turn it on or off, set the timer and adjust the temperature. Since several villagers had experienced the convenience and comfort of using that geyser, they wore a rosy face and brought a scent of showing foam to sit on the gate to relax. For a while, there was a piece of news spreading over the community-don’t use that geyser without any knowledge of it, and what you need to do is to listen to the Secretary Nan who will teach you how to use it. Just follow our leader and then you will be promised to gain a comfortable shower and a clean body.”<br /> <br /> The aunt said with arrogance, “My house is out of power.” For Chen Zongtao, he was accustomed to the tone of her voice. So, he promised her to solve this problem and went to find a property management company. He would absolutely accompanied the aunt to the office of property management but for being with me. Chen said that the house isn’t out of power, maybe the switch was tripped. She got that after being told twice by a staff of the management. I told the Secretary Chen that he was so amiable that he was willing to do small things all by himself. “Don’t mention it,” Chen said, “even our secretary of the banner committee-Nan Zhenhu is here, he will also do the same thing. Last time he came back to do research and found that some villagers didn’t electrify their geyser. When hearing they never use that to take a shower, he asked them for a reason in haste. Some said they didn’t know how to use it for the water was too hot to take a bath, some said the water was cool and doubted that whether it was a fake one, and the other said it wasted electricity... So, the Secretary Nan went specially to here to taught every household how to use that geyser on that weekend, such as how to turn it on or off, set the timer and adjust the temperature. Since several villagers had experienced the convenience and comfort of using that geyser, they wore a rosy face and brought a scent of showing foam to sit on the gate to relax. For a while, there was a piece of news spreading over the community-don’t use that geyser without any knowledge of it, and what you need to do is to listen to the Secretary Nan who will teach you how to use it. Just follow our leader and then you will be promised to gain a comfortable shower and a clean body.”<br /> <br /> ====刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====<br /> <br /> 边走边聊，我发现眼前这个貌不惊人的街道书记挺逗，满嘴都是土磕，满肚子都是故事，和村民混得相当自然，处理村民的事情，好像三年早知道，三下五除二，几分钟搞定。一问，他原也是农村孩子，和赤峰的许多靠刻苦学习改变了命运的干部一样也不一样，一样的是读了大学，不一样的是他母亲原是读过初中的，不是一般的农村大娘，所以他从打少年就有些文绉绉，平日里小衬衫领子雪白，走到哪儿都带着几本书。他从旗委办公室副主任的岗位上，下派到乌丹城镇城乡结合部的紫城街道办，干了两年，回家他娘就问他：“儿子你咋和以前不一样了呢？”<br /> <br /> As we walked and talked, I found that the unimpressive-looking street secretary in front of me was quite amusing, full of dirt patois, full of stories. He got along with the villagers quite naturally, dealing with the villagers’ affairs within a few minutes as if he has known the problems in advance. he was also a rural child, like many cadres in Chifeng who had changed their fate by study hard. But one thing different is that his mother originally studied in junior high school, not the usual rural mothers, so he showed a pedantic view from the teenager time, usually wearing small shirt collar snow white, with several books wherever he goes. He was dispatched from the flag committee office, as the deputy director, to the purple city street office in the urban-rural combination aera of Udan City. After working there for two years, when he came home, his mother asked him: &quot;son, why are you different from before?&quot;<br /> <br /> <br /> As we walked and talked, I found that the unimpressive-looking street secretary in front of me was quite amusing, full of dirt patois and stories. He integrated into the villagers quiet well. It took him only a few minutes to deal with the villagers’ affairs as if he has known the problems in advance. It turned out he was also a rural child. Like many cadres in Chifeng who had changed their fate by studying hard, they all had college education. But there is one thing different. Not like the average mothers in the village, his mother once had junior high school education. Thus, he got a pedantic air from the teenager time, always wearing a shirt with snow white collar and carried several books with him wherever he went. Two years ago, he was dispatched from the flag committee office, as the deputy director, to the purple city street office in the urban-rural combination aera of Udan City. This year as he came home, his mother asked : &quot;son, why are you so different from before?&quot;<br /> <br /> ====刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing ====<br /> <br /> 陈宗涛说，艾平老师我不变能行吗？到了老乡家，人家给你让座，怕你嫌脏，先找个椅垫给你，你能坐上去吗，不能，你得和人家一样一样的，脏乱的地方照样做坐；老乡让你摘个槟子果吃，你不能洗，群众都是拿衣服襟一拧擦就吃，你也得那样吃，不然就是嫌乎人家。到过年了，老乡说家里杀猪了，请书记来吃点杀猪菜，倚在门框上眼巴巴地等着你，你说有纪律，她就说你不是我表外甥吗，回家吃饭不犯错误，你不去，我不走，那咱就得去。大老散，自家酿的，度数快七十了，老乡喝几杯，你也得整几杯，喝上了火候，老乡什么知心话都跟你说了，原来平常你给办的小小不然的事儿，他们都当个事儿在心里记着呢，你做的不周到的地方，他们虽然会一点不委婉地告诉你，但是十分理解你，说政府有困难，我们不能强求那么多，要慢慢来。那话说的，可掏心窝子了。<br /> <br /> “Teacher Ai Ping, I have to change!”, Chen Zongtao said, “ When I go to the villagers' house, they offer you a chair with a cushion on it, for they afraid you’ll feel it’s too dirty to seat. Can you sit with a cushion? No, you have to be the same as others however dirty the places are; If villagers let you pick a betel nut to eat, you can not wash it before eating, either. You have to eat it in the same way as villagers do, just wiping the nuts with the clothes. Otherwise, you might make they feel like they are despised.On New Year's Eve, villagers said that they had killed a pig, inviting you over to eat. They leaned on the door frame, looking expectantly for your acceptance. You declined their invitation, saying it defied the Party’s discipline. One of them responded, “Aren’t you my nephew? Having meals at you relative’s home won’t break the rules. If you don’t accept our invitation, I won’t leave there, either.”Da Laosan, the alcohol brewed by villagers themselves is almost 70 degrees. You had to drink with villagers. And when they got tipsy, they would share their confidences with you. It turned out they kept in mind everything you’ve done for them. Although they would point your mistakes at work directly, they would try to understand you as much as they could. They said that the government had its own difficulties, so we should not be that demanding. Instead, we should give it enough time. What they’ve said is so considerate!<br /> <br /> “Teacher Ai Ping, I have to change!”, Chen Zongtao said, “When I go to the fellow townsman's house,give you a seat, but they afraid you’ll feel it’s too dirty to seat,then find a chair cushion to you. Can you sit with a cushion? No, you have to be the same as others however dirty the places are;If fellow townsman let you pick a betel nut to eat,you can not wash it before eating, either. You have to eat it in the same way as fellow townsman do, just wiping the nuts with the clothes.And You also have to eat like them, otherwise it is too much for others.On New Year's Eve, villagers said that they had killed a pig, inviting you over to eat. They leaned on the door frame, looking expectantly for your acceptance. You declined their invitation, saying it defied the Party’s discipline. One of them responded, “Aren’t you my nephew? Having meals at you relative’s home won’t break the rules. If you don’t accept our invitation, I won’t leave either.”Da Laosan, the alcohol brewed by fellow townsman themselves is almost 70 degrees. You had to drink with fellow townsman. And when they got tipsy, they would share their confidences with you. It turned out they kept in mind everything you’ve done for them. Although they would point your mistakes at work directly, they would try to understand you as much as they could. They said that the government had its own difficulties, so we should not be that demanding. Instead, we should give it enough time. What they’ve said is so considerate!<br /> <br /> ====鲁思 Lu Si ====<br /> <br /> 我顺嘴问了一句，说那你都喜欢读什么书啊？陈宗涛略显腼腆地说，我爱看点治国理政和文学方面的书。白天坐不下来，我一般都是晚上读，都是同时两本书换着读，保持新鲜感。艾老师，我有点不谦虚了，我这书读的肤浅，不过，我觉得还是有好处的。 <br /> <br /> By the way, what kind of books do you like to read? “I like reading books about governance and literature, I'm very busy and usually read at night. I always read two books at the same time to keep it fresh. Miss Ai, I'm a bit conceited. Although the book read superficially, but I think there are benefits.” Chen Zongtao said, a little bashful.<br /> <br /> &quot;By the way, what kind of books do you like to read?&quot; I asked. &quot;I like reading books about governance and literature, I have no time to read during the day, so I usually read at night. I always switch between two books to keep it fresh. Miss Ai, I'm seemly a bit conceited. Although my reading is superficial, I think there are still some benefits.” Chen Zongtao said, a little bashful.<br /> <br /> <br /> 陈宗涛说：“例如，例如吧——我们入户调研，老是一进屋，也不坐下来， 一边问群众，一边填报表，完事儿，拉着群众合个影儿，那不行，老百姓认为你是走形式，我们自己也摸不着实底。<br /> <br /> “For example, when we start a household investigation, nor sit down. Asked questions as filled in a form, and take a picture with the citizen. that does not work, the people think you are taking the form, we can not feel the real bottom. ” Chen said.<br /> <br /> “For example, when we start a household investigation. We always start it as soon as we enter the house, even without sitting down. We fille in the form as asking the masses questions , and conclude with taking photos with them. But this is unacceptable for the mass, they will think you are taking the form. And we also don't know what they really want us to do. ” Chen said.<br /> <br /> 我就压着韵脚，给大家编个了顺口溜：“一看衣，全家冬夏有衣裳，二看粮，米面油加粗粮，三看水，清亮亮，四看房，暖和结实又宽敞，五看家有几个读书郎，六看炕上有否病秧秧，七看收入算好账，八看几个儿女孝高堂。”<br /> <br /> I made up a rhyme for everyone:“First look at clothes, the whole family has clothes in winter and summer, second look at food, rice flour oil plus coarse grain, third look at water, clear and bright, fourth look at house, warm and strong and spacious, fifth look at home has a few knowledgeable person, sixth look at heatable brick bed has a few sickly person, seventh look at income to calculate accounts, eighth look at a few children filial piety hall.”<br /> <br /> I made up a rhyme for everyone:&quot;First look at the clothes, whether the whole family has clothes in winter and summer. Second look at the food, whether there is rice, flour, oil, coarse grain. Third look at the water, whether it's clear and bright. Fourth look at the house, whether it's warm and strong and spacious. Fifth look at the family. how many children who can attend school they have. Sixth look at the bed , whether there's sick person. Seventh look at the income, whether it's accurate. Eighth look at the children, whether they are obedient .”<br /> <br /> 尤其是第七条，最重要，把所有的收入加起来，往高拉，然后说人家达标脱贫了，老百姓肯定不高兴，应该这样说，大爷我给你家去个零头，他们就高兴，群众的普遍心理是愿意享受贫困户的待遇。<br /> <br /> In particular, the seventh most important, Increase all income and then say that the other people met the standard out of poverty,the people are certainly not happy, should say so, I give your family minus off the cents, they are happy, the general psychology of the masses is willing to enjoy the treatment of poor households.<br /> <br /> In particular, the seventh is the most important, which is to add all income up and increase it, and then say that they met the standard out of poverty. The masses will be certainly not happy. We should say, I will make your number of income off the cents. And they will be happy. The general psychology of the masses is willing to enjoy the treatment of poor households.<br /> <br /> 你去的次数多了，群众就知道你不是为了追求政绩， 是个实得惠儿的人，见着你就说实话，那种一见干部就哭穷的风气，也慢慢没了。<br /> <br /> The more times you go, the masses know that you are not in pursuit of political achievements, is a real people of substantial benefits，see you to tell the truth, the kind of cadres to see the culture of crying poverty, but also slowly gone.<br /> <br /> The more times you go, the masses know that you are not a pereson in pursuit of political achievements, but a person who puts oneself into the masses' shoes. When they see you, the will tell the truth. The social climate that cries as soon as seeing the cadres, will disappear gradually.<br /> <br /> ====陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====<br /> <br /> 老师你看我们这个顺口溜是不是把“两不愁，三保障”给包进去了，结合我们的实际，还有点小创造？请您给指导指正一下吧？”<br /> <br /> Mr.Ai, don't you think we have included the &quot;Two Guarantee, Three Ensuring&quot; in this doggerel? And we alse create something new on the basis of our actual situation. Can you give some advice, please?&quot;<br /> <br /> Mr.Ai, don't you think we have included the &quot;Two Guarantee, Three Ensuring&quot; in this doggerel, and we alse create something new on the basis of our actual situation? Can you give us some advice, please? &quot;<br /> <br /> 我说我哪有你接地气，哪有你懂农民这个中国最大的群体啊，至于读书这种事情，不是让你背住多少金句 ，也不是一夜之间获得什么真谛，读书就像每天呼吸新鲜空气，在文化的养育里像树一样生长。<br /> <br /> I said, &quot;I don't think I'm the person who's &quot;very down to earth&quot; and understands the farmers who is the largest group in China, just like you. As for reading, it is not to let you memorize many golden sentences, nor to gain the truth overnight. Reading is like breathing fresh air every day and growing like a tree in the culture.<br /> <br /> I said, &quot;I don't think I'm the person who's &quot;very down to earth&quot; and understands the farmers who is the largest group in China, just like you. As for reading, it's not a matter of how many golden sentences you can recite or what truth you can get overnight. Reading is like breathing fresh air every day and growing like a tree in the culture.<br /> <br /> 书读得通了，你的心就变软了，变宽了，变得更怜悯更善良了，到那个时候，你的智慧就来了。<br /> <br /> If you can read more and well, your will become softer, wider, more compassionate and kind-hearted. At that time, your wisdom will come.<br /> <br /> If you can read more and well, your heart will become softer, wider, more compassionate and kind-hearted. At that time, your wisdom will come.<br /> <br /> 你这个八看，来自理论，不拘一格，来自生活，却不脱离生活，却可以直接为工作所用。<br /> <br /> Your doggerel comes from theory and is eclectic. it's from life, but not out of life and can be directly used for work.<br /> <br /> Your doggerel comes from theory, not to stick to one pattern，from life, but not out of life and can be directly used for work.<br /> <br /> 我要是当了你的手下，凭着这八看，就能和群众打成一片。<br /> <br /> If I were your subordinate, I would get along with the masses with the eight rules of doggerel.<br /> <br /> If I became your subordinate, I could get along with the masses with these eight rules of doggerel.<br /> <br /> ====马明宇 Ma Mingyu ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 读书带来智慧。在富兴社区里走，到处都有新的感触，新的气息，新的创造。这个地方对于一个写作者的魅力，不在大，也不在新，不在惊喜，而在于一个贯穿始终的“变”字，随着人类文明的进程，人类生存的方式时刻在变，土里刨食，脸朝黄土背朝天的乡村生活，显然已经无以为继，而农民进城，仅有收入也是不足以谋身立命的。扶贫先扶志，一语道出了这种变的带来的课题 。也可以这样说，在脱贫攻坚的第一线干部，肩负的职责，远不止于帮助一个家庭将平均收入拉高到三千六百元以上。拓展一个群体的眼界，输送给他们文明法治和高尚，将任重而道远。<br /> <br /> Reading brings wisdom. Walking in Fuxing Community, there are new feelings, breath and creation everywhere. The charm of here for a writer is not big, new or surprising, but lies in a word of &quot;change&quot; that runs through the whole process. With the progress of human civilization, the way of human survival is changing all the time. The rural life of digging food in the soil, working hard in the field has obviously become unsustainable, and after farmers entered the city, they can not make a living only by their income. Helping the poor first, in a word, explains the difficult problem brought about by this change. It can also be said that the front-line cadres in the fight against poverty shoulder responsibilities far beyond helping a family to raise its average income to more than 3,600 yuan. It will be a long way to go to expand the vision of a group and deliver them with civilization, rule of law and nobility.<br /> <br /> <br /> Reading brings wisdom. Walking around the Fuxing community, a writer can develop new feelings and create something new. The charm of this place for a writer is not in the size, nor in the new environment, but in its changes. With the progress of human civilization, the way of human survival is changing all the time.It is clear that the traditional rural way of making money is no longer sustainable and a farmer's income alone is not enough to make a living in the city. Helping the poor first, in a word, explains the difficult problem brought about by this change. It can also be said that the front-line cadres in the fight against poverty shoulder responsibilities far beyond helping a family to raise its average income to more than 3,600 yuan. It will be a long way to go to expand the vision of a group and deliver them with civilization, rule of law and nobility.<br /> <br /> 走进妇女创业车间，我看见一个五十多岁的贫困户妹子李秀莲，正在用一些服装下脚料缝制小老虎玩偶，设计的还真是虎虎有生气，摆在那里看上去挺厉害，仿佛要跳起来似的。<br /> <br /> Walking into the women's entrepreneurship workshop, I saw Li Xiulian, a woman from a poor family in her fifties, sewing a tiger doll with some clothing scraps. The design was really vivid. It looked very powerful when placed there, as if it wanted to jump.<br /> <br /> Walking into the women's entrepreneurship workshop, I saw Li Xiulian, a woman from a poor family in her fifties, sewing a tiger doll with some clothing scraps. The design was really vivid. It looked very powerful when placed there, as if it wanted to jump.<br /> <br /> 我问她：“一天能做几只？能挣多少钱？”<br /> <br /> I asked her, &quot;How many can you make a day? And how much can you earn?&quot;<br /> <br /> I asked her, “how many can you make a day? And how much you earn?”<br /> <br /> “一天能做十来对这种小老虎，一对挣十块钱，一天一百元左右。”<br /> <br /> &quot;I can do more than ten pairs of these little tigers a day, and earns ten yuan for each pair, so I can get about one hundred yuan a day.&quot;<br /> <br /> ”I can make more than ten pairs of these little tigers a day, and earns ten yuan for each pair, so I can get about one hundred yuan a day.”<br /> <br /> ====彭琦 Peng Qi====<br /> <br /> 她的名字叫李秀莲，是个贫困户，有个儿子在长春读书，丈夫去世了。 我说妹子你一个月挣三千，不算太宽绰吧？ 李秀莲说，俺还有公益岗。<br /> <br /> She goes by Li Xiulian, from a poor household. She has a son studying in Changchun and her husband has died. I asked her, “you earn 3,000 a month, it’s not too much, is it?” “I still have a public service post though.”, she replied. <br /> <br /> From a poor household, Li Xiulian, She has a son studying in Changchun, and her husband died. I asked her, “you earn 3,000 a month, it’s not too much, is it?” “I still have a public service post though”, she replied.<br /> <br /> 原来她是成手，每天教社区的妇女们做布偶，一个月有七百五十的收入。她说，加上家里流转土地的地租子，供孩子上学，自己过日子不用愁了。 陈宗涛拿着小老虎端详一番，说话了。他告诉我，这种布偶，是外单订货。由于传统文化相同，在韩国和新加坡很受欢迎。<br /> <br /> It turns out that she is an experienced muppet maker. She earns 750 yuan per month by teaching women in the community to make muppet. <br /> She said that together with the rent from the village’s shared land, she can pay her son’s school fees and make a living. Chen Zongtao took the little tiger muppet and examined it for a while and then told me that this kind of Muppet is ordered from overseas. It is popular in Korea and Singapore because of the same traditional culture.<br /> <br /> It turns out that as an experienced puppet maker, she earns 750 yuan per month by teaching women in the community to make puppets. She said that together with the rent from the village’s shared land, she can pay her son’s tuition and make a living. Chen Zongtao took the little tiger puppet and examined it for a while and then told me that this kind of puppet is ordered from overseas. It is popular in Korea and Singapore because of the same traditional culture. <br /> <br /> <br /> 他有转过脸去，跟王蕾书记说，明年的订单你们考虑了没有？明年是鼠年，设计个老鼠吉祥物怎么样？<br /> <br /> He turned his face to Secretary Wang Lei, &quot;Have you considered the orders for next year? Next year is the Year of the Rat, how about designing a rat mascot?<br /> <br /> He turned his face to Secretary Wang Lei, &quot;Have you considered the orders next year? The next is the Year of the Rat, what about designing a rat mascot? <br /> <br /> <br /> 没等王蕾回答，一边的李秀莲一拍脑壳，哎呀书记，我咋就没往这上想呢…… <br /> <br /> Before Wang uttered a word, Li suddenly said “damn me, why didn't I think of that ......”<br /> <br /> Before Wang uttered a word, Li suddenly said, “Damn it, why I didn't think of that ...”<br /> <br /> 在社区的东侧的一片空地上，新建的农贸集市开业了，村民带着各种老家的特产，带着自己进的蔬菜水果，油盐酱醋，在这里练地摊儿。<br /> <br /> On the east side of the community, in a vacant lot, a new farmers' market has been opened, where villagers set up stalls and bring all kinds of specialties, vegetables and fruits, oil, salt and vinegar to sell.<br /> <br /> On the east of the community was an open space where a new farm product market has been opened. Therefore, here, villagers set up stalls and bring all kinds of specialties, vegetables and fruits, oil, salt and vinegar to sell. <br /> <br /> <br /> 这就是村村响大喇叭里边广播的那个“陈书记说了不能管得太死， 太死就没人来了”的市场，这个目前还没有名字的小市场 ，卖东西的人和买东西的人都不多，看热闹的人倒是不少。<br /> <br /> This is the market that was broadcast over the village loudspeakers: &quot;Secretary Chen said we can't control it too much, if we do, no one will come&quot;. This small market, which does not yet have a name, does not have many buyers or sellers, but there are many rubberneckers.<br /> <br /> This is the market that was broadcast over the village loudspeakers, &quot;Secretary Chen said we can't control it too much, if we do, no one will come.&quot; There is a small market, no name, but many rubberneckers. <br /> <br /> <br /> 他们之间的问话很有意思，不问货怎么卖，而是问你哪个个营子的，啥时搬过来的？不用说，来来往往的人，都是社区的易地搬迁住户。<br /> <br /> The questions they ask each other are interesting. Instead of asking how the goods are sold, they ask which camp you are from and when you moved here. Needless to say, the people in the market are all from the community's relocated households.<br /> <br /> The questions they ask each other are interesting. Instead of asking how the goods are sold, they ask which camp you are from and when you moved here. Obviously, people in the market are all the community's relocated households.<br /> <br /> ====漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====<br /> <br /> 我问一个卖切割鸡肉的妇女，她说，生意不错，一天营业额八百元；我又去问一个卖水果的小伙子生意怎样，他说多便宜也没人买，连问的人也没有。我看看他的货，苹果是抽巴皮的，橘子是带小黑点的，显然他上货的时候图稀便宜了，进了次货。我说不怕，下次上货咱们上好的，他说这是第一次也是最后一次，亏不起。 我想继续劝劝他，一回身，看见陈宗涛已经被一群男人给包围了。我过去一看，这个陈宗涛，蹲在地上，嘴上叼着一棵旱烟卷，正跟卖烟叶的唠得热闹。他说，你这烟叶，冲，有劲，却不辣，是个好品种，可是这么卖不行，你得预备点卷烟纸，预备几个烟斗子，让人家尝尝再买。抽烟的人你知道，抽一口，香了，谁也挡不住，肯定买。再说了，货卖一张皮，你这么一大抱，往地上一堆不行，又是风又是土的，你以为这是你们家场院呢，你再买几个塑料袋，一斤半斤地整小包装，找个美术社印上——当铺地原生态无污染葵花烟！再卖，一准儿鲤鱼跳龙门，能涨好几倍的价。不知道大家伙儿是不是认识陈宗涛，他在那个人群里，也不显眼，抽得挺嗨。<br /> 在我都要把挂着章子怡大照片跳舞的老唐头忘了的时候，起扶贫办的张主任走过来，说找到老唐头了。 <br /> <br /> When asked, the woman selling chicken, said that the business was so nice that her turnover could hit 800 yuan a day; I asked a young fruit seller the same question. But the answer was that no matter how cheap it was, nobody even asked. In my eyes, there were dried Apples and small oranges with black spots. Obviously, he tried to store cheap and inferior ones in the wholesale. “It is nothing”, I said, “Things would be better off next time.” But he told me that it was the first time and the last time, and he could not afford to lose. I wanted to continue to convince him. When I turned around, however, I saw Chen Zongtao surrounded by a group of men. He squatted on the ground with a dry tobacco roll in his mouth, chatting with the tobacco seller. “Your tobacco is a good variety--strong, but not spicy. But it cannot be sold like this. You should prepare some cigarette paper and some cigarette holders for others to taste before buying. People who smoke, you know, once they smoke, it will smell good, and no one can stop it. They must buy it,” I said, “Similarly, when you sell a piece of leather, you can pile it on the ground where there are windy and dusty. Do you think it's your yard? You can buy some plastic bags, pack it in half a kilo, and find an art agency to print it--the original ecological pollution-free sunflower smoke in the pawnshop! For resale, the price will increase several times.” I didn't know if everyone knows Chen Zongtao. Inconspicuous as he was in the crowd, he smoked in high spirits. When I was about to forget Old Tang dancing with Zhang Ziyi's large picture, Director Zhang of the Poverty Alleviation Office came over, saying that he found him.<br /> <br /> I asked a woman selling cutting chicken about her business, she said it was good that her turnover could hit 800 yuan a day; Then I asked a young man selling fruits the same question. But he answered that no matter how cheap, nobody bought it, and no one even asked the price. I checked his fruits, there were only some fried apples and moldy oranges to sell. Obviously, he stocked substandard fruits cause he was greedy for small bargains. “it’s nothing”, I said, “you can stock qualified fruits next time”. But he told me that it was the first time and also the last time, and he could not afford to lose anymore.I tried to keep convincing him. When I turned around, however, I saw Chen Zongtao was surrounded by a group of men. I walked over to find that he squatted on the ground, with a dry cigarette roll in mouth, chatting with the tobacco seller.He said: “the tobacco leaf of your cigarette is good, strong scented, but not spicy. But you can’t sold like this. You should prepare some cigarette paper and pipes for customers to taste before purchasing.Smokers, you know, once they have smoked the cigarette they felt good, then no one can stop them to buy it.Besides, selling goods depends on their packaging. You pile this big package on the ground, windy and dusty. Don’t you think here is the yard of your house? You can buy some plastic bags, packing those cigarettes by the pound or half pound. Then find an art agency to print some words on the surface—the original ecological pollution-free sunflower smoke in the pawnshop! Then sell it! The price must increase several times.”I don’t know if everyone knows him. He was inconspicuous in the crowd, while smoking comfortably. When I was about to forget Old Tang, who danced with Zhang Ziyi’s picture on the chest, Director Zhang of the Poverty Alleviation Office came over to tell me that they have found Old Tang already.<br /> <br /> ====覃诗雅 Qin Shiya ====<br /> <br /> 从小集市往东北角一拐，就到了社区产业福利车间。此时的老唐头，就在车间里修剪中草药。张主任介绍道，这个车间是社区和一个制药企业的合作项目，有一千六百六十平米，可以容纳三百三十人一起工作。此时， 一座座像山一样的沙参、黄芪堆边上，围坐着修剪草药的工人们，大约一百三十多人，细看，都是些爷爷奶奶，找不到一个大叔大婶。他们坐在垫了羊毛垫子的小板凳上，一把剪刀在手，干得专心致志，一丝不苟。经过他们修剪的药材，整齐地码放在袋子里，修下来的细根须，也收拢起来单放着。老人们剪好的草药根茎，用做切片，根须用制作药丸。社区安排这些有劳动能力和愿望的老年人，在这里做工，每修剪一斤中草药，挣四毛钱，一个人一天不紧不慢，可以修割一百斤，能挣四十块钱，还不累。社区所有的老年弱劳力，基本都来了，一边干活儿，一边有说有笑，都挺开心的。<br /> 老唐头气色不错，留着两撇山羊胡子，看着像七十一二。他穿着棉袄棉裤，棉袄外面还套了件西装。不过，头发有点缭乱，西服前襟和袖口油亮。我说您老人家挺精神啊，今天咋没去跳舞，他说每天上午干活儿，下午或者晚上跳舞。我说你是章子怡的粉丝吗，他说章子怡啊，一开始我也不认识她是谁，那么多人看咱们表演，总得拾掇拾掇吧，就把她的照片挂胸前了，是老乡们喊章子怡章子怡， 我才知道她叫啥，管她是谁呢，就是为了个乐呵。不过我呀，嘿嘿，也不能总挂大美女的照片，这个岁数了，老伴儿可不敢得罪……大家七嘴八舌和他开起玩笑里，他却变得一本正经起来——赶明儿我得换着挂，郎平的腾格尔的大衣哥的都上……为了跳舞，我都做了八个帽子了，这两天又把刘锣鼓的帽子也做完了，赶明戴上你们看，威武。<br /> <br /> Turning from the small bazaar to the northeast corner, we arrived at the community industrial welfare workshop. And Old Tang was pruning herbal medicines at that time.Director Zhang introduced that this workshop belongs to a cooperative project signed by the community and a pharmaceutical company, which is 1,660 square meters and can accommodate 330 people to work in it. At that time, I saw a great mound of Sand Ginseng and Astragalus were stacked together like mountains, and about 130 workers sat around and pruned herbal medicine here. By looking carefully, all of them were elderly people. They sat on small benches padded with woolen cushions and took a pair of scissors in hand, working seriously and meticulously. Those herbal medicines that have been trimmed carefully were arranged in bags neatly, and the thin roots were also collected together and placed separately.The stems were made for slicing and the roots for pills. Reasonably, elderly people with working ability and desire were arranged to work at here. they can earn 40 cents for every pound of herbal medicines they trim. Generally, a person can prune about a hundred pounds medicines a day without being too urgent and nervous, in the meantime everyone can earn 40 yuan easily.Almost all the elderly and weak laborers in the community have came to the workshop. With gossip and laugh, they all felt so glad while they were working.Old tang looked good, with two beards like goats’ whiskers on his face. It seemed like he was 71 or 72 years old. He wore a cotton jacket and pants, with a suit outside. However, the hair was a little mass, the front lapel and cuffs were greasy as well.I said to him: “you’re quite spiritual! Why didn’t you go dancing today?” he said he works every morning and dance in the afternoon or evening.I asked him if he was a fan of Zhang Ziyi. He said: “Zhang Ziyi...I didn’t konw her at first. But when I found that so many people will come to watch our performance, I thought I have to dress up myself, so I hung her picture on my chest. Then till some villagers said Zhang Ziyi so many times that I knew her name. No matter who she is, I just made it for fun. But I...ha ha...can’t always hang pictures of beautiful women. At my age, I can’t dare my wife anymore...”Later, when others made jokes with him, he turned serious on the contrary— “from tomorrow on, I have to change different pictures to hang, the Langping’s, Tengger’s and Big Coat’s... I have already made eight hats for dance. And I have finished the hat for Liu Luogu so far. I will wear it tomorrow to let you see how nice it is”<br /> <br /> Correction:<br /> <br /> Turning from the small bazaar to the northeast corner, we arrived at the community industrial welfare workshop. Old Tang was pruning herbal medicines at that time. Director Zhang introduced, “The workshop belongs to a cooperative project signed by the community and a pharmaceutical company, which is 1,660 square meters and can accommodate 330 people to work in it.” Then I saw piles of ladybell root and astragalus stacked together like mountains. Around them sat 130 workers pruning herbal medicines. Taking a close looking we realized that all of them were elderly people. They sat on small benches padded with woolen cushions and took a pair of scissors in hand, working seriously and meticulously. Those carefully-trimmed herbal medicines arranged in bags neatly, and the thin roots were also collected together and placed separately. The stems were made for slices while the roots for pills. Reasonably, elderly people who was able and desire to work were allocated with a job here. They can earn 40 cents for every jin of herbal medicines they trim. Generally, a person can prune about a hundred jins medicines a day without being too urgent and nervous, in the meantime everyone can earn 40 yuan easily. Almost all the elderly and weak laborers in the community have come to the workshop. Gossiping and laughing, they all felt so glad in working. Old Tang looked good, with two beards like goats’ whiskers on his face. He looked like 71 or 72 years old. He wore a cotton jacket and pants, with a suit outside. However, her hair was in a little mass, and the front lapel and cuffs were greasy as well. I advised: “you’re quite energetic! Why didn’t you go dancing today?” He replied that he works every morning and dance in the afternoon or evening. I asked him if he was a fan of Zhang Ziyi. He said: “Zhang Ziyi...I didn’t know her at first. But when I found that so many people will come to watch our performance, I thought I have to dress up myself, so I hung her picture on my chest. Then till some villagers said Zhang Ziyi so many times that I knew her name. No matter who she is, I just made it for fun. But, ha ha, I can’t always hang pictures of beautiful women. At my age, I can’t dare my wife anymore...” Later, when others made jokes with him, he turned serious on the contrary— “from tomorrow on, I have to change different pictures to hang, like the one of the Langping, Tengge’er and Big Coat Bro... I have already made eight hats for dance. And I have finished the hat for Liu Luogu so far. I will wear it tomorrow to let you see how nice it is”<br /> <br /> ====卿子晔 Qing Ziye ====<br /> <br /> 扶贫办的张主任跟他很熟，告诉我这老头心态特好。<br /> 我问：“腿没事儿了吧？”<br /> 老唐头，站起身，给我走了两步，雄赳赳气昂昂的。<br /> 我说你老人家真棒。<br /> 老唐头儿说：“农村人吃大碴子长大，身体一般都不错，就是受累上作得病，你看我这一进城，不放羊了，不受凉受潮，就啥事儿没有了。”<br /> 我说：“虽然好了，也要注重保暖，多洗热水澡……”<br /> 一听洗热水澡。他有点微词：“一个出力气的人，那么讲究干啥，我不洗澡，从来不洗，洗完了，浑身冒汗，冷风嗖嗖地往骨头缝里钻。”<br /> 我说：“大叔，那正是你有风湿的原因，你多洗几次，洗完了，披个毛巾被消消汗，再出来，慢慢就好了。”<br /> 老唐头抬头看看我，半信半疑地说：“赶明儿礼拜天旗里的南书记来，我也跟他学学看……”<br /> <br /> Director Zhang in the Office of Poverty Alleviation knew him well and told me he was a positive man. “How about your leg?” I asked. Old Tang stood up and made a few steps, variant and spirited. I praised his recovery. He replied,“we countrymen grow up with coarse food grains, so in general our bodies are good. But we are always too tired from laboring. See, I have not herd sheep or got cold, so I am good now.” “Though you feel well now,” I said, “you still need to keep warm and take a hot bath…” Hearing the word “hot bath”, he disagreed, “a labor man doesn’t need this! I never take a bath, never. After it I am so wet and the cold wind blowing hard on my body.” “Uncle,” I refuted,“that’s the exact reason for your rheumatic diseases. Try to take some and leave the bathroom after wiping your sweat with a towel. Gradually you will feel better.” Lifting his eyes, Old Tang was dubious,“Well, I will learn from the Secretary Nan from the county tomorrow...”<br /> <br /> Corrections: Director Zhang, the Officer of Poverty Alleviation, knew him well and told me he was a man with of possitive attitudes. “How about your leg?” I asked. Old Tang stood up and made a few steps, lively and spirited. I complenmented his physical quality. He replied,“we countrymen grow up with grains, so in general our bodies are in good condition. But we often get illness from awful living conditions. See, I have not herded sheep or got cold, so I am good now.” “Though you feel good now,” I said,“you still need to keep warm and take hot bath often…” Hearing the word “hot bath”, he disagreed, “I don’t need this! I never take a bath, never. After that I sweat a lot and the cold wind rips though my body.” “Uncle,” I refuted,“that’s the exact reason for your rheumatic diseases. Try to take some and leave the bathroom after wiping your sweat with a towel. Gradually you will feel better.” Lifting his eyes, Old Tang was dubious,“Well, I will learn from the Secretary Nan from the county tomorrow...”<br /> <br /> ====仇绪 Qiu Xu==== <br /> <br /> 听得大家止不住笑出了声，老唐头儿半张着嘴，感觉很懵懂。<br /> 东塔拉的老潘书记<br /> 赤峰有两个很有知名度的村党支部书记。一个是林西县的刘振林，一个是翁牛特旗的潘向学。在林西见过了刘振林，到翁牛特旗，必须见见潘向学。<br /> 潘向学所在的五分地镇东塔拉村，距离旗政府所在的乌丹镇大约五十多公里。从这个村子的名字上，可以回溯出这里从前的地理状况。塔拉是蒙语，草原的意思。在东塔拉的北侧还有东北塔拉村，正北塔拉村，那一定是农耕进入草原的过程，汉族人留下的名字。一路上，我细细观察，发现这一带的确开阔平坦，从高速公里的两侧的土质和植被，隐隐地看出些许科尔沁沙地的禀赋，但是一路耕地万顷，设施农业的大棚连绵不断。农耕文明在这片古老的草原上扎根已久，生机勃勃。<br /> the Old Tang, with his mouth half opened, was quite confused of the continuous laughter of people. There were two famous secretaries of village branch of party in Chi Feng, one called Liu Zhenlin in Linxi County, the other called Pan Xiangxue in Wengniute village. I met Liu in Linxi before and I have to visit Pan as I came to Wengniute. The Pan's place, located at East Tala village, is fifty kilometers from the county's government. From the name of this village, one can trace back the original condition of this place. Tala means grassland in Mongolian. At the north of East Tala village lie a Northeast Tala village and North Tala village, which is the embodiment of farm culture evolved to nomad culture. I carefully looked over this place along my way and found that this land was expansive and plain indeed. From the soil and vegetation at both sides of the highway, it shared some characteristics of Ke'erqin sandland but it was covered with numerous farmlands all the way as well as agricultural greenhouses connected with each other. The farming culture has taken its vigorous root at this ancient grassland for a long time.<br /> <br /> Old Tang, with his mouth half opened, was quite confused of the continuous laughter of people. There were two famous secretaries of village branch party in Chi Feng, one called Liu Zhenlin in Linxi County, the other called Pan Xiangxue in Wengniute village. I met Liu in Linxi before and I have to visit Pan as I came to Wengniute. The Pan's place, located at East Tala village, is about fifty kilometers from the county's government in Wudan town. From the name of this village, one can deduce the original condition of this place. Tala means grassland in Mongolian. At the north of East Tala village lie the Northeast Tala village and the North Tala village, which are the embodiment of farm culture evolved to nomad culture by the Han Chinese. I carefully looked over this place along my way and found that this land was expansive and plain indeed. From the soil and vegetation at both sides of the highway, it shared some characteristics of Ke'erqin sandland but also covered with numerous farmlands all the way as well as agricultural greenhouses connected with each other. The farming culture has taken its vigorous root at this ancient grassland for a long time.<br /> <br /> ====全永慧 Quan Yonghui ====<br /> 东塔拉村是五分地镇所辖的村庄里面积最大、人口最多的一个村，人口超过三千，面积有三百二十一平方公里。赤峰的农耕土地，分旱地和水浇地。一般水浇地多一些的地方，相对好生活一些。出东塔拉村向北九公里，有一条不大的河流，有一个游牧民族留下的名字，叫巴尔图河。许多年以来，这条河一直和东塔拉农人的小康之梦紧紧缠绕在一起。<br /> East Tala village is among the largest in area and population in the villages manipulated by Wufendi town. It has a population of more than 3000，covering an area of 321 square kilometers. The arable lands of Chifeng can be divided into arid lands and irrigated ones. Generally, people can live a much better life in the areas with more irrigated lands. A small river lies 9 km to the north of East Tala village called Baltu River which was named by a nomad. For years, this river has been closely entangled with the dream of the East Tala villagers’ well-off life.<br /> 二十年前，潘向学作为一个新上任的、年富力强的村书记，发动几百人的村民大会战，从巴尔图河中开出一条通渠，引水进村，一下子使全村增加了七百多亩水浇地，东塔拉人乐得胡子翘到耳朵上，屁股撅到天上，脑袋扎在泥土里，一垄一畦地侍弄着庄稼。那清格凌凌的水啊，滋润在干涸的土地上，也永远地记忆在老少爷们儿的心里。时过境迁，而今，巴尔图河水已经断流，东塔拉人只能打机井浇地，但还是得靠巴尔图河，井窝子必须沿着巴尔图河的水脉走，才能打出水来。2013年，东塔拉人均收入不到三千。用现脱贫的标准来看，不仅是全村有多少个贫困户的问题，而是整个东塔拉，可以说是个贫困村。眼看这巴尔图河道的水位一年年下沉，村里的年轻人一波一波往外走，东塔拉人的致富梦更加迫切。<br /> Twenty years ago, Pan Xiangxue, a new and young village secretary full of vitality, mobilized hundreds of villagers to dig a channel with a view to drawing water from the Baltu River to the village. In doing so, the irrigated lands of the village have increased more than 700 mu, for which farmers grinned from ear to ear. They worked hard on the farmland, their faces to the ground, backs to the sky, tending their crops in rows carefully. The clear river water has not only nourished the dry lands but also engraved in the memories of villagers, young and old, forever. Times have changed and now the Baltu River has run dry. Villagers can only irrigate the land with water from the motor-pumped well, which also relied on the Baltu River. The digging of motor-pumped well must follow along the flow of the river, which can guarantee the success of it. In 2013, the per capita income of people in the village was less than 3000 yuan. By the current standard of poverty alleviation, the problems of this village lie not only on the number of low-income families but also on the reality that the village is quite impoverished. As the water level of the Baltu River sinks year by year, young people in the village have been draining away, which has increased the difficulty of achieving prosperity in this village.<br /> <br /> East Tala village is among the largest in area and population in the villages manipulated by Wufendi town. It has a population of more than 3000，covering an area of 321 square kilometers. The arable lands of Chifeng can be divided into arid lands and irrigated ones. Generally, people can live a relatively better life in the areas with more irrigated lands. A small river lies 9 km to the north of East Tala village called Baltu River which was named by a nomad. For years, this river has been closely entangled with the dream of the East Tala villagers’ well-off life.Twenty years ago, Pan Xiangxue, a new and young village secretary full of vitality, mobilized hundreds of villagers to dig a channel with a view to drawing water from the Baltu River to the village. In doing so, the irrigated lands of the village have increased more than 700 mu, for which farmers grinned from ear to ear. They worked hard on the farmland,with their faces to the ground, backs to the sky, tending their crops in rows carefully. The clear river water has not only nourished the dry lands but also engraved in the memories of villagers, young and old, forever. Times have changed and now the Baltu River has run dry. Villagers can only irrigate the land with water from the motor-pumped well, which also relied on the Baltu River. The digging of motor-pumped well must follow along the flow of the river, which can guarantee the success of it. In 2013, the per capita income of people in the village was less than 3000 yuan. By the current standard of poverty alleviation, the problems of this village lie not only on the number of low-income families but also on the reality that the village is quite impoverished. As the water level of the Baltu River sinks year by year, young people in the village have been draining away, which has increased the difficulty of achieving prosperity in this village.<br /> <br /> <br /> == Headline text ==<br /> ====任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====<br /> <br /> 潘向学组织党支部全体成员坐下来讨论，2013年东他拉村人均收入不足3000元。在实施金融扶贫工程中，富裕户都不愿为贫困户担保贷款，怕担责任。越穷越借不到钱，越借不到钱越穷，村两委会决心打破这个怪圈，通过广泛征求村民意见，在实践中创造了“三链互助”扶贫模式：首先让富裕户通过亲情关系与贫困户结成互助组，建立帮扶关系，由富裕户带领贫困户外出打工或为其提供贷款担保、信息技术等，帮助发展养牛、养羊产业使其脱贫致富，形成 “亲情链”；其次，让具有物质、信息、技术、信誉等良好基础但在产业发展中缺少劳动力、土地、草场等资源的富裕户，与缺乏资金、信息、技术但有富余劳动力、土地、草场等资源的贫困户结对，平等帮扶、各取所需，形成“互需链”；上述两链都连接不上的贫困户，由村干部和党员履行扶贫责任和义务，对贫困户进行帮扶，形成“责任链”。现在东他拉村共有74个“三链式”互助扶贫联合体，为280户村民争取金融扶贫贷款1375万元，贫困户利用贷款发展养殖业，年户均增收5000元。　<br /> 贷款发展养殖业，年户均增收5000元。<br /> Pan Xiangxue organized all members of Party branch to sit down for a conversation.In 2013, per capita income of East Tala villagers was less than 3000 yuan. In the process of implementing financial poverty-alleviation project, wealthy households were reluctant to make a guarantee for the poverty-stricken residents’ loans, as they were afraid of taking on responsibility. The poorer they were, the less money they could borrow and vice versa. The two village committees were determined to break the circle through extensive solicitation of villagers’ opinions, thus creating “three chain of mutual assistance” poverty alleviation model in practice:firstly, they let the well-off households form mutual assistance groups with the poor households through affinity relations, and establish a helping relationship, with the well-off households leading the poor households to go out to work or providing them with loan guarantees, information technology and so on, and helping develop cattle and sheep industry to get rid of poverty, forming a kinship chain. Secondly, the affluent households with a good foundation of material, information, technology and reputation but lacking in labour, land and pasture resources in industrial development, and the poor households lacking in capital, information and technology but having surplus labour, land and pasture resources can form a &quot;chain of mutual demand&quot; to help each other. If poverty-stricken households don’t belong to the above two chains, village cadres and party members will fulfill their responsibilities and obligations to help the poor households, forming a &quot;responsibility chain&quot;. Now a total of 74 “three -chain”mutual assistance poverty alleviation associations have been founded, which gets 13.75 million yuan of financial poverty relief loans for 280 villagers, and poor households have used the loans to develop their farming industry, with an average annual household income of 5,000 yuan.　<br /> <br /> Pan Xiangxue organized all members of Party branch to sit down for a conversation.In 2013, per capita income of East Tala villagers was less than 3000 yuan. In the process of financial poverty-alleviation project, wealthy households were reluctant to guarantee for the poverty-stricken residents’ loans, as they were afraid of taking on responsibility. The poorer the residents were, the less money they could borrow, moreover, money shortage made them even poorer. The two village committees were determined to break the strange circle through extensive solicitation of villagers’ opinions, thus creating “three chain of mutual assistance” poverty alleviation model in practice: firstly, they let the well-off households pair up with the poor ones who have affinity relations. Though this connection, the rich help guide the poor to work in the cities or be their guarantors, provide information technology and so on. In addition, they give support to develop cattle and sheep industry to get rid of poverty, forming a kinship chain. Secondly, the affluent households with rich material, information, technology and reputation couple with the poor ones owning surplus labour, land and pasture resources. They can form a &quot;chain of mutual demand&quot; to help each other. If the impoverished households don’t meet the requirements of the above two chains, village cadres and party members will fulfill their responsibilities and obligations to help them, forming a &quot;responsibility chain&quot;. Now a total of 74 “three -chain” associations for poverty alleviation have been founded, which gets 13.75 million yuan of financial poverty relief loans for 280 households, who have used the loans to develop their farming industry with an average income growth of 5,000 yuan per year.　<br /> <br /> ====疏珊 Shu Shan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 五分地镇东他拉村户籍人口980户，2014年初识别建档立卡户341户，是全旗重点贫困村。为解决贫困户缺资金、缺技术、缺市场等难题，村党支部在旗有关脱贫政策支持下，推出“亲情链”“互需链”“责任链”产业帮扶模式，1户种养大户最多带4户贫困户，当年结成“亲情链”38链、“互需链”26链、“责任链”10链，覆盖建档立卡户216户，实现从农行贷款1375万元，助力贫困户脱贫产业迅速发展。目前，全村牛存栏已由当初的不足700头发展到2500多头，且全部是优质牛；羊存栏从不到3000只发展到10000多只，年人均增收在3000元以上。实现脱贫后，村党支部为激励村民竞相发展生产、引导树立文明乡风，实行村民“积分卡”制度，凡产业发展得好、扶贫政策掌握得好、门前卫生搞得好、孝老爱亲、邻里和睦的通过评定都能获得积分，1积分顶0.5元，凭积分卡可以到村“爱心超市”领取生活物品。“现在，村民都比着干，有不积极的户，念书的孩子就督促父母了，为了给自己孩子做榜样，也都往好了干。”东他拉村党支部书记潘向学说。<br /> <br /> <br /> With 980 permanent residents, the Dongtala village of Wufendi town registered 341 impoverished households and created their files in the national national poverty alleviation information system at the beginning of 2014. It is the key poor village of the Wenniute county. In order to provide solutions to lack of capital, technology and market for poor residents, the branch of the Communist Party of China, under the support of the relevant poverty alleviation policies of the Wengniute county, enhanced party members’ responsibilities, formed bonds between the rich and the poor and meet each other's demands. The industrial assistance requires that one major producer of crops and livestock help four poor individuals at most. That year saw 10 industrial chains promoted by responsible party members, 38 by the bonds, and 26 by mutual demands, covering 216 registered households with files created. In addition, those efforts applied for a loan of 13.75 million yuan from the Agricultural Bank of China, contributing to a rapid development of poverty alleviation industries. At present, the village's cattle inventory has grown from less than 700 head to more than 2,500 head, and all of them are of high quality; the sheep and goats inventory reaches 10,000 head, up from less than 3000 head, and the annual per capital income has increased by more than 3,000 yuan. After achieving poverty alleviation, the party branch implements a point reward system to motivate villagers to develop production, and promote social civility in rural areas. As long as residents develop industries, have a good grasp of poverty alleviation policies, keep their front door clean, respect the elder people and care for relatives, keep harmonious relationship with neighbors, they will receive reward points after assessment and 1 point is worth 0.5 yuan. By using the reward cards, they can redeem points on daily necessities in the &quot;love supermarket&quot; of the village. &quot;Today, villagers rush to do such activities. Even the inactive parents, urged by their children, want to do a good job to set an example for their kids,&quot; said Pan Xiangxue, secretary of Dongtala village party branch.<br /> <br /> The Dong Tala village of Wu Fendi town, with 980 permanent households and 341 ones of them registered with files in the national poverty alleviation information system at the beginning of 2014, is the key poor village of the Weng Niute county. The industrial assistance requires that one major producer of crops and livestock help four poor households at most. That year saw 10 industrial chains promoted by responsible party members, 38 by the bonds, and 26 by demands, covering 216 registered households with files created. In addition, a loan of 13.75 million yuan was attained from the Agricultural Bank of China, contributing to a rapid development of poverty alleviation industries. At present, the village's cattle inventory has grown from less than 700 head to more than 2,500 head, all of which are of high quality; the sheep and goats inventory reaches 10,000 head, up from less than 3000 head, and the annual per capital income has increased by more than 3,000 yuan. After achieving poverty alleviation, the party branch motivate villagers to develop production, and promote social civility in rural areas by implementing a point reward system. Residents, contributors to the development of the industry, good mastery of poverty alleviation policies, front door sanitary condition keeper, good neighborliness guardian and the elderly lover, could receive reward points after assessment.1 point is worth 0.5 yuan. Villagers can redeem points on daily necessities in the &quot;love supermarket&quot; of the village. &quot; by using the reward cards. Today, villagers rush to do such activities. Even the inactive parents, urged by their children, want to do a good job to set an example for their kids,&quot; said Pan Xiangxue, secretary of Dong Tala village party branch.<br /> <br /> ====王芳玲 Wang Fangling====<br /> <br /> <br /> 给丰收村的新故事起个头 <br /> 艾平<br /> 中国农村叫丰收的地方应该很多很多。我说的这个丰收村，是赤峰市敖汉旗丰收乡的丰收村。至于这个丰收村为什么叫丰收村，我不知道，无疑的是，这个村名是喜兴的，饱含着殷切期望的。 <br /> 王振平和所有听着这个村名进入丰收村的人一样，满脑袋里都是欣欣向荣的景象，然而当他在村口停下脚步的时候，不禁愕然地张大了嘴巴。颓房残桓，探出一棵老李子树的枯枝，柴扉之前坐着一个半身不遂的老人，显然是家人们将他放到的这个位置放风透气的。在清冷的阳光中，他吃力地抬起头，看着步履迟疑的王振平走过来，脸上微微地呈现一丝莫名的表情。离年已经不远了，丰收村的日子却有点无精打采。喝酒，打对调儿，晒老爷儿，串门子，这些就是丰收村的农闲，真的看不出丰收这两个字，曾经或者即将给这个小村庄带来过怎样的欢天喜地。<br /> 年富力强的人都像鸟儿一样飞走了，飞走了就决意永不回头，他们丢掉了土里刨食的日子，甚至都不愿做一只冬去春回的候鸟，一任故乡兀自穷困潦倒，乃至自消自灭。有谁知道记忆是一块会长牙的石头，故乡只要有人存在，记忆就是活生生的，让人痛，还要衍生出些难以想象的故事，当然，在无奈的贫困之中，那都是些令人心酸和疼痛的故事。<br /> <br /> <br /> New Story of Feng Shou Village<br /> ——By Ai Ping<br /> There are a significant number of villages with names of Feng Shou meaning harvest in China.It is the one that is situated in Feng Shou County, Ao Han, Chi Feng that I’m referring to. Not knowing the reasons behind the name, I know for sure that the village got its name out of people’s expectation for blessings and harvest, which sounds delightful. Wang Zhenping, just like all other people hearing the name, looked forward to seeing a dynamic village as its name suggested. However, he startled by what he saw at the entrance of the village. In front of a dilapidated house with deadwoods of a plum tree was a paralytic senior, who was placed at the spot to breathe fresh air by his family member. Noticing hesitant Wang Zhenping coming over, he raised his head hardly with a surprise face under cool sunshine. Despite the spring festival being around the corner, villagers there still led a listless life by drinking, playing card games, killing time by enjoying sunshine and visiting neighbors randomly. Feng Shou Village, characterized by casualness, saw no excitement or joy brought by harvest, no matter in the past or in the near future.Young and capable villagers, like birds, flied away from their hometown with the determination of not returning back there. Getting rid of making a living by farming, they left their poor hometown to rot, even not willing to go back there once a year like migratory birds. However, memory about hometown would be alive as long as there are residents in it. Similarly, memory is a stone which is able to grow teeth, making people painful and make unbelievable stories which are miserable and distressing in poverty.<br /> <br /> New Story of Feng Shou Village with a Beginning<br /> ——By Ai Ping<br /> When it comes to village with the name of Feng Shou, there are huge amounts of villages called in that way meaning harvest in China. But the one I mentioned is located in Feng Shou County, Ao Han, Chi Feng. Not knowing the reasons behind the name, I know for sure that the village got its name out of villagers’ expectation for blessings and harvest, which sounds delightful. Wang Zhenping, just like all other people hearing the name, looked forward to seeing a dynamic village as its name suggested. However, he startled by what he saw at the entrance of the village. In front of a dilapidated house with deadwoods of a plum tree was a paralytic senior, who was placed at the spot for the fresh air by his family member. Noticing hesitant Wang Zhenping coming over, he struggled to raise his head with a indescribable face in the cool sunshine. Despite the spring festival being around the corner, villagers there still led a listless life by drinking, playing card games, killing time by enjoying sunshine and visiting neighbors randomly, which is a common scene of Feng Shou Village in the off-season from farming. In truth, there haven’t seen excitement or joy brought by harvest, no matter in the past or in the near future. The young and capable, like birds, flied away from their hometown with the determination of not returning back there. Getting rid of making a living by farming, they left their poor hometown to rot, even not willing to go back there once a year like migratory birds. However, memory about hometown would be alive as long as there are residents in it. To some extent, memory, like a stone which is able to grow teeth, makes people painful and creates unbelievable stories which are miserable and distressing in poverty.<br /> <br /> ====王纪龙 Wang Jilong====<br /> <br /> 2015年的初冬，王振平作为扶贫攻坚工作队的第一书记 ，迎着这些故事走进了丰收村。他虽然也是农村长大的孩子，但是一直是在城镇上学，大学毕业后，又在中学里上教书育人多年，2013年调入敖汉旗旗委宣传部，任文艺宣传室主任，主抓文联工作。他对农村的全部记忆，一是小时候自己总是穿两个姐姐穿小了的花衣服，招致村里的小伙伴起哄，嘲笑他为“花丫头片子”，于是他回家找母亲，母亲将花衣服从他身上脱下来，找了件父亲的吊兜中山装给他穿上了，衣服太大，就用一条旧皮带往腰上给他一扎，虽然邋遢无比，好歹也算个男孩子的模样了；二是记得有一次放学回来，见到二姐坐在院子里哭，任凭他怎么喊二姐二姐，二姐就是不理他，后来他才知道，因为家里穷，供不起两个孩子一起读书了，于是选择了供儿子，学习成绩非常好的二姐失学了……许多年以后，王振平眼前还经常浮现二姐当时抽泣耸动的背影。虽然有如此这般不可剥离的生命经验，对于中国农村农民这本大书，王振平还不曾真正读过。在我和他的交谈中，他说他这次入驻丰收村，无形中给自己开启了深度认识农村的大课堂。如果说这次脱贫攻坚将彻底消灭农村的绝对贫困，是人类历史上划时代的创举，那么自己参与到时代的大潮中，是成长的幸事，是人生的幸事。<br /> <br /> In the early winter of 2015, Wang Zhenping, as the first secretary of the Poverty Alleviation Team, entered Feng Shou Village with those stories. Though brought up in the countryside, he finished his studies in cities and towns and then had served as a teacher in middle school for many years since he graduated from college. In 2013, he was transferred to the Propaganda Department of Aohan Committee, served as the director of the Literature and Art Propaganda Office and took charge of the work of the literature and art. One of his memories of the countryside is that when he was young, he always wore his two sisters’ flower-painted clothes that they couldn’t fit into, which made him incurred the ridicule of his village partners and laughed as “little flower girl”. So he went home to ask for mother’s help. His mother striped that flower-painted clothes off and found him his father’s Chinese tunic suit to put on. However, they were too big for him, so he used an old belt to tie it on his waist. Although this costume were scruffy, he at least looked like a boy. The other memory of the countryside is that one time when he came back from school, he saw his second sister sitting in the yard and crying. However he called his second sister, she just ignored him. Later, he learned that because his family was poor and couldn't afford to support two children to study, so his parents chose to provide for his son and the second sister who had excellent academic performance was out of school... Many years later, his second sister's sobbing back often roes up before Wang Zhenping’s eyes. Despite undergone such inseparable life experience, Wang Zhenping has never really read the great book of Chinese rural farmers. In my conversation with him, he said that this time he settled in Fengshou Village, which would virtually give him a huge opportunity to deeply understand the countryside. If this poverty alleviation campaign will completely eliminate the absolute poverty in rural areas, which is an epoch-making initiative in human history, it is a blessing for growth and life to participate in the tide of the times.<br /> <br /> In the early winter of 2015, Wang Zhenping, as the first secretary of the Poverty Alleviation Team, entered Feng Shou Village with those stories. Though brought up in the countryside, he finished his studies in cities and towns and then had served as a teacher in middle school for many years since he graduated from college. In 2013, he was transferred to the Propaganda Department of Aohan Committee, served as the director of the Literature and Art Propaganda Office and took charge of the work of the literature and art. One of his memories of the countryside is that when he was young, he always wore his two sisters’ flower-painted clothes that they couldn’t fit into, which made him incurred the ridicule of his village partners and laughed as “little flower girl”. So he went home to ask for mother’s help. His mother striped that flower-painted clothes off and found him his father’s Chinese tunic suit to put on. However, they were too big for him, so he used an old belt to tie it on his waist. Although this costume was scruffy, he at least looked like a boy. The other memory of the countryside is that one time when he came back from school, he saw his second sister sitting in the yard and crying. However, he called his second sister, she just ignored him. Later, he learned that because his family was poor and couldn't afford to support two children to study, so his parents chose to provide for his son and the second sister who had excellent academic performance was out of school... Many years later, his second sister's sobbing back often roes up before Wang Zhenping’s eyes. Despite undergone such inseparable life experience, Wang Zhenping has never really read the great book of Chinese rural farmers. In my conversation with him, he said that this time he settled in Fengshou Village, which would virtually give him a huge opportunity to deeply understand the countryside. If this poverty alleviation campaign will completely eliminate the absolute poverty in rural areas, which is an epoch-making initiative in human history, it is a blessing for growth and life to participate in the tide of the times.<br /> <br /> ====王露 Wang Lu ====<br /> <br /> 下村的第一个任务，是认门。王振平第一次入户，是村干部带领的，事先，王振平画了一张地图，把七十三个贫困户的姓名注明在每一个坐标点上，第二次再入户，他就不用人带领了，每一家啥情况，也就大概摸清了。很快，哪家是贫困户，哪家是低保户，哪家在什么位置，就像在嘴边等着一样，他熟悉到一张嘴就能说出来。<br /> Wang Zhenping got his initial job after his arrival— investigating the basic situation of the village. Before his first visit, guided by some village cadre, he had drawn a sketch map on which he marked the 73 poverty-stricken households at each coordinate point. Therefore, he could be independent the second time. He had almost figured out the conditions of all the household. Soon, he had been familiar enough to blurt out all the information of the village including which one was poverty-stricken household or low-income family, and where the house was located.<br /> 全村经济基础十分薄弱，地上没有企业，地下没有矿藏，农民只有单一的种植收入，村党组织制度不健全，党员没有很好发挥带头作用，开个党员会，就来星蹦儿几个人，一问，就说家里有活儿。通知开会，要先通知今天开会发毛巾，发盆，这样才有人来参加，但是，必须等到大家听完课、座谈结束才可以发东西，不然人们就拿着东西提前走了。村里的青年劳动力基本走光，留守者中老弱病残占大多数，这就是当时丰收村的状况。<br /> The economic base there was weak, without enterprises overground or mineral resources underground. Therefore, their income was from farming alone. There was no perfect village party organization system without party members playing a leading role. At a party members' meeting, few people came, and when asked, they said that there was work at home. If there was a meeting, they wouldn’t present unless there were gifts for them such as towel and tub. However, the gift should be given to them until everyone had finished the meeting, otherwise villagers would take gifts and leave in advance. In the village, young workers were out to make living, so the majority of villagers were those who were old, weak, sick and disabled. All of this is the condition of Fengshou village.<br /> 村里贫困户的致贫原因是各种各样的，也是苦难深重。一些叫三十六岁的王振平无法想象的惨剧，真的就在现实中，就在丰收村的一个个家庭里。<br /> 什么叫万箭穿心，在贫困户冯喜仁家，在冯喜仁女儿冯晓伟的病床前，王振平体验到了。<br /> There were various reasons for the poverty of each household who was suffering much. Some tragedies that 36-year-old Wang Zhenping might not imagine happened in reality, in Fengshou village. Wang’s heart ached as if pierced by ten thousand arrows when he was in the poor household Feng Xiren’s house, standing in front of Feng’s daughter Feng Xiaowei’s sickbed.<br /> <br /> The first task for Wang Zhenping upon his arrival in the countryside is to get basic situations of each household, and his first visit was under the guidance of some village cadres. What's more, he had in advance drawn a sketch map on which he specifically marked the 73 poverty-stricken households at each coordinate point, with their names individually, so as to help him better ascertain the real circumstances of villagers and pay a visit by himself next time. Before long, he was so familiar to these basic informations that he was able to blurt out each household's financial conditions, even their exact locations.<br /> The economic base there was weak, and their only pillar industry was planting, with neither enterprises nor underground mineral resources. Likewise, the party organization system was also disabled, without a party member taking the leading role. Only a few members would attend the party meetings, while others were usually absent on the pretext of various jobs around the house to do. To attract members to participate in, the organizer should notify that there would be some gifts for them such as towel and tub ahead of calling a meeting. More importantly, those gifts should be distributed after the lesson and discussion, or they would leave with the stuffs right away. The youth labor force of the village had mostly gone out to make a living, so the majority of villagers were those who were old, weak, sick and disabled. All this was the condition of Fengshou village.<br /> There were various reasons for the poverty each household was suffering in, deep distress. Tragedies that Wang Zhenping had never imagined, though he was already 36 years old, were real in the lives, exactly real in the households of Fengshou village.<br /> It was an absolute misery for Wang Zhenping when he standed in front of Feng Xiaowei's sickbed, the daughter of Feng Xiren whose family was in extreme poverty.<br /> <br /> ====王琪 Wang Qi ====<br /> <br /> 这是一个四口之家，只有一个上高三的儿子是个健康人，其余三口全都是绝症。冯喜仁的妻子癌症，刚刚去世，冯喜仁本人是肺鳞癌，已经到了生命垂危的程度，他的女儿冯晓伟，年轻优秀，在上海一家财经学院学习，谁知大学毕业不到一年，在一次洗牙的时候突然牙龈出血，无论使用什么办法也止不住，失血导致这个女孩脸色苍白，浑身无力，到医院一检查，是得了恶性血液病。冯喜仁大放悲声，毫无办法，亲戚朋友的钱都借遍了，已经无法再张嘴。敖汉旗医院不久即给冯晓伟下了病危通知，他们家也实在没有挽救女儿生命的能力，只好把女儿接回家里，放在床上，默默哀求死神不要降临。<br /> 焦急之下，冯喜仁病情加重，亲戚们准备送他到赤峰治疗，他死守着奄奄一息的女儿，说什么也不肯离开。亲戚们说，还是救可能救的吧，你治好了，还可以照管你儿子。冯喜仁伸出手，在女儿的鼻前，试了又试，只感觉女儿的气息已经细若游丝，马上就要消失了，这个虚弱的父亲，连哭喊的力气都要没有了。他拿出女儿的一个小包裹，里面是女儿自己挑选的一身衣服，这身衣服很鲜艳，仿佛一个少女鲜花般的生命。她说要穿这身衣服离开父亲，离开家，走进一个没有贫寒的世界。父亲在女儿耳边喊了一声——丫头啊丫头，你穿上，安心走吧，这辈子爹没把你照看好，下辈子爹给你做牛马……<br /> 只见女儿的眼皮似乎微微一动，很快又纹丝不动了。冯喜仁一步三回头，被亲戚们送往赤峰市的医院住院。<br /> <br /> This is a family of four, only a son in Grade 12 stayed healthy, and the other three were all terminally ill.Feng Xiren's wife had just died of cancer, he himself had lung squamous carcinoma that could almost end his life at any time. His daughter, Feng Xiaowei, young and promising, studied in a finance and economics college in Shanghai. No one expected that during a dental cleaning, her gums suddenly bled and kept dripping no matter what methods had been used, which led to the girl's paleness and weakness. Hence, she was sent to the hospital for an examination, only to be diagnosed with a malignant blood disease. Feng Xiren let out a howl of great sadness for he had no way to again borrow money from friends and relatives to save his daughter. Feng Xiaowei recieved Aohanqi Hospital's written notice of her critical condition soon, and the family indeed could'nt afford to save their daughter's life but to take her home,lying her on the bed, begging in silence that death shall not come. Feng Xiaowei's condition worsened for his worry and anxiety, and his relatives prepared to send him to Chifeng for treatments but recieved a firm refusal for he insisted on staying with his dying little girl. Relaives all persuaded him to get treatment immediately, for there's little hope that his daughter can get better.But if he get cured, he could still take care of his son later in life. Feng Xiren stretched out his hand and tried again and again under his daughter's nose, only to feel that her daughter's breath was light thin and weak, which seemed to disappear at some time. The feeble father even had no strength to cry out. He took out a small package from his daughter, with a dress personally chosen by her inside. This dress was very bright-coloured, like a girl's beautiful life in full bloom. She said that she want to wear this dress to leave, leave her father, leave home, to get into a world without poverty. The father whispered in her ear -- my little girl, put it on, and go way in peace. I didn't take good care of you as your dad this lifetime.Next life, I will do cattle horse to be at your service... Xiaowei's eyelid seemed to blink slightly but disappeared soon. Finally Feng Xiren was sent to the hospital of Chifeng by his relatives, repeatedly looking back on the way.<br /> <br /> This is a family of four, with only one son in grade 12 remaining healthy, the other three being terminally ill. Feng Xiren's wife has just died of cancer, and he himself has squamous lung cancer that could end his life almost at any moment. His daughter, Feng Xiaowei, is young and talented and is studying at a financial university in Shanghai. To no one's surprise, during a dental cleaning, her gums suddenly bled and were dripping blood no matter what method was used, which led to the girl's pallor and weakness. As a result, she was taken to hospital for tests, which resulted in a diagnosis of malignant blood disease. Feng Xiren let out a huge howl of sorrow as he had no way to borrow money from his relatives and friends again to save his daughter. Feng Xiaowei soon received a notice of critical illness from the Aohan Banner Hospital. The family was truly powerless to save their daughter's life and could only take her home and lie in bed, silently praying that death would not come. As Feng Xiaowei's condition worsened due to his worry and anxiety, his relatives prepared to send him to Chifeng for treatment, but were met with a firm refusal as he insisted on staying by his dying daughter's side. He was advised by his relatives to receive immediate treatment, as there was little hope that his daughter would get well. But if he was cured, he could still look after his son later. Feng Xiren reached out his hand and tried and tried under his daughter's nose, only to find that her breath was light and feeble and seemed to disappear at some point. The frail father did not even have the strength to shout. He pulled out a small package from his daughter, containing a dress that she had personally chosen. The dress was very brightly coloured, like the beautiful life of a girl in full bloom. She said that she wanted to wear this dress and leave, leave her father, leave her home and enter a world without poverty. Her father whispered in her ear, &quot;My little girl, put it on and go in peace. In this life I have not taken care of you as your father; in the next life, I will be a cow and a horse for you ...... Xiaowei's eyelids seemed to blink slightly, but they soon disappeared. Eventually Feng Xiren was taken by relatives to the hospital in Chifeng, looking back repeatedly along the way.<br /> <br /> ====汪世博 Wang Shibo ====<br /> <br /> 也许是上苍可怜哀伤的老冯，也许是命运怜悯那个年轻的生命。冯喜仁离开以后，亲戚们守在冯晓伟的床边，只要能撬开她的嘴，就给她灌药喂汤，几天之后，冯晓伟渐渐苏醒过来，可是她依然不能起身，只能睁一下眼睛，看着家中布满灰尘的天棚……<br /> 贫困户滕云祥家的致贫过程，应该从五十年代就开始了，那不是尘封在岁月里的故事，而是至今依然流血的伤口。 <br /> 我来到赤峰采访，赤峰市扶贫办政策法规科科长杨明霞给我看了一张存在她手机里的照片。她用了优雅这个词，来描述照片的主人公林群意。照片上的林群意显然不像一个长年劳作在烈日风霜中的农村奶奶，也不像个病人。她虽说已经八十五岁了，皮肤依然有几分白皙，眼神里透出的不是呆滞，而是一种淡淡的冷漠，更引人注目的是她的打扮，一身衣服虽然带着农村的时尚，但不属于常见的那种土气花哨，而是简单又鲜亮，头上那顶米色的针织帽子使她显得相对年轻，她脖子上的围巾，不是地摊货，有些品质感。杨明霞说，你一定要见见这个老太太，她是香港人，五十年代嫁到了敖汉。<br /> <br /> Perhaps God took pity on the grieving Feng, or perhaps fate took pity on that young life. After Feng Xiren gone, relatives guarded Feng Xiaowei's bedside, giving her medicine and soup whenever they could open her mouth . A few days later, Feng Xiaowei gradually woke up, but she still couldn't get up and could only open her eyes and look at the dusty canopy of her house ......<br /> The process of poverty in Teng Yunxiang's poor family , which should have started in the 1950s, is not a story sealed in the dust of the years, but a wound that still bleeds today. <br /> When I came to Chifeng for an interview, Yang Mingxia, officer of the Policy and Regulations Section of the Chifeng Poverty Alleviation Office, showed me a photograph that saved in her phone. She used the word elegant to describe Lin Qunyi , the role of the photo. In that photo, Lin Qunyi clearly does not look like a rural grandmother who has been working in the hot sun and frost for years, nor does she look like a sick person. Although she is eighty-five years old, her skin is still a little fair, her eyes are not dull, but a faint indifference. What is more striking is her dress, a dress with rural fashion, but not of the common kind of rustic and fancy, but simple and bright, the beige knitted hat on her head makes her look relatively young, the scarf around her neck, not a stall goods, some sense of quality. Yang Mingxia said, &quot;You must meet this old lady, she is from Hong Kong and married in Aohan in the 1950s.<br /> <br /> Perhaps the heavens also sympathized sorrowful Old Feng, or it was the benevolence that fate showed to the young girl. After Feng Xiren left, his narratives continued to take care of Feng Xiaowei, feeding her with fluids and medicine . Several days later, the girl started to regain consciousness, but she was still not able to move except opening her eyes and staring at the dusty ceiling of the shack she had been living. <br /> The time Teng Yunxiang's family began to sink into poverty could be traced back to the 50s. It's not a story that spanned many years; instead, it's a wound that has been bleeding till now. When I arrived at Chifeng for interview, Yang Mingxia, chief of the sector of poverty alleviation policies and regulations of the county, showed me a photo in her phone. She picked the word &quot;elegant&quot; to describe Lin Qunyi, the lady in the picture. The figure in the photo definitely would not resemble an old countrywoman who should be weathered by time after many years' hard work, nor a patient. Despite her age of 85, she still has light skin and a pair of eyes that provides her with a more slightly indifferent than glazed look. More eye-catching is her appearance: her clothes are simple and bright, her knit hat is creamy white and makes her look younger than her age, and her scarf does not look cheap. Yang said, I must pay a visit to the old lady, who was born in Hongkong and came to Aohan because of marriage in the 50s.(Wang Yashu)<br /> <br /> ====王雅姝 Wang Yashu ====<br /> <br /> 啊？香港——敖汉，五十年代！多么遥远的空间，多么漫长的时间，这其中有怎样的故事？说实话，来丰收村也算是临时动议，起初我是想见见这个香港来的老太太，听听她的故事，没想到在他们家遇见了纠葛在故事中的驻村第一书记王振平。<br /> 故事是这样开始的。赤峰地区解放战争前后参家解放军的青年人很多，敖汉旗有一个姓吴的年轻人也在其列。五十年代初，小吴随部队到广东广西一带剿匪。当时，年轻漂亮，像春天一般明媚的林群意大学毕业刚毕业，她从香港来到韶关工作，是个售货员。她和当时全中国的姑娘一样，崇拜英雄，喜欢解放军。当英姿勃勃的小吴出现在她的视野，她的世界一下子布满灿烂霞光，接下来就是一场生死不渝的恋爱，然后有情人终成眷属。小吴复员，林群意毅然决然地跟着丈夫，做了五天五夜火车，来到了内蒙古昭乌达盟敖汉旗丰收村。<br /> 一切皆因爱情，然而纯真的爱情没有错。<br /> <br /> Ah, from Hongkong to Aohan, in the 50s! How far a distance and how long a time! What would the story be like? <br /> To be honest, my arrival to Fengshou Village was a temporary decision. At first, I just wanted to visit the old lady who came from Hongkong and listened to her story. I didn't expect to meet Wang Zhenping, the first secretary of the Party branch of the village, who was entangled in the story. This is how the story began:<br /> In the period of the War of Liberation, many young people in Chifeng area joined Chinese People's Liberation Army, including a young man from Aohan County, whose surname was Wu. In the early 1950s, Wu followed his army to Guangdong and Guangxi to suppress bandits. At that time, Lin Qunyi, who was young and beautiful and as lovely as spring, had just graduated from university. She came to Shaoguan, Guangdong from Hongkong to work as a salesclerk. And like all girls in China in those days, she worshiped heros and was full of admiration to soldiers of the Army. Therefore, when she encountered Wu, her world was suddenly lightened up. Then, they deeply fell in love with each other and got married. Later, Wu was demobilized, and Lin willingly accompanied her husband to Fengshou Village of Aohan County of Zhaowuda City in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region after a five-day-and-five-night train ride. Everything was because of love; but there was nothing wrong with pure love.<br /> <br /> Ah, from Hongkong to Aohan, in the 50s! What a distant space, what a long time, what kind of story is there? To be honest, my arrival to Fengshou Village was a temporary decision. Unexpectedly, I met Wang Zhenping, the first secretary of the village who was involved in the story, at their home. This is how the story began:<br /> In the period of the War of Liberation, many young people in Chifeng area joined Chinese People's Liberation Army, including a young man from Aohan County, whose surname was Wu. In the early 1950s, Xiao Wu accompanied his troops to Guangdong and Guangxi to suppress bandits. At that time, Lin Qunyi, who was young and beautiful and as lovely as spring, had just graduated from university. She came to Shaoguan from Hong Kong to work as a salesman. Like all Chinese girls at that time, she worshipped heroes and liked the PLA. Therefore, when she encountered Wu, her world was suddenly lightened up. Then, they deeply fell in love with each other and got married. When Xiao Wu was demobilized, Lin Qun followed her husband resolutely and made a train for five days and nights to Fengshou Village, Aohan Banner, Zhaowuda League, Inner Mongolia. Everything was because of love; but there was nothing wrong with pure love.<br /> <br /> ====王植碧 Wang Zhibi ====<br /> <br /> 命运之错？有谁能在历史的惊涛骇浪中把握自己的命运？更何况当时林和吴都是少不更事的小年轻。<br /> 当我见到林群意的那个片刻，真没觉得在面对一个精神分裂症患者，反而感到有种亲近，她唤起了我身上女人对女人的惺惺相惜，我为她流血又流泪的一辈子心痛。<br /> 她坐在儿子滕云祥家的东屋炕上，那场景和照片上没有区别，还是那一身衣服，脖子上还系着那条让人看着挺得体的丝巾。<br /> 我伸手摸摸炕，炕烧得热乎乎的。我问她，身体还好吗？她点点头，我说不冷吧，她摇摇头。我坐在她跟前，她并不畏惧或者拒绝。她的态度非常友善，我很希望和她长谈，然而，她毕竟年事已高，我不能去触动一个老妈妈结痂的伤口。<br /> 故事在她和丈夫的美好爱情中，延续了两年，似乎南北方的地理差异，都没有成为任何障碍，和心上人在一起，喝凉水都是和蜜糖一样甜的。事出突然，小吴病故，属于心肌梗塞之类的不防之症，林群意的天就这样塌了。她一个人孤零零地在他乡徘徊，没有人能庇护这个年轻的寡妇。她每天去小吴的坟头上默默流泪，荒野无人，她竟不知道害怕，也不知道身后有贪婪的目光在跟踪。<br /> <br /> The fault of the destiny? Who can control his fate in the stormy waves of history? Let alone two young people with less life experience. At that moment I saw Lin Quay, I really did't feel a sense in the face of a schizophrenic. however, I felt a sense of intimacy because she aroused me of women's sympathy for women. And I felt heartbroken for his tough life. She sat on the kang in the east room of her son Teng Yunxiang's house. The situation has no difference compared with picture that she wore the same clothes with a decent scarves on her neck.<br /> I reached out to touch the kang and found it was warm. I asked her, how is she? She nodded, I said not cold, she shook her head. I sat in front of her, she shown no fear or refuse. Her attitude is very friendly. I wanted to have a long conversation with her. But she was, after all, very old. It was no doubt that i couldn’t open her, a old mother’s wounds in the heart.<br /> The story lasted for two years in her beautiful love with her husband. It seemed that the geographical differences between North and South haven’t become their obstacles. As long as staying with lover, drinking cold water was as sweet as honey. However, life is never a bed of rose. Xiao Wu died of an unexpected disease such as myocardial infarction. It felt like the sky was failing for Lin Qunyi. She roved in an alien land alone and no one can protect this young widow. All she can do was tearing silently on wu’s grave every day. There was no one around the grave. She did not know that she was afraid, nor did she know that greedy eyes were tracking behind her.<br /> <br /> The fault of destiny? Who can control his fate in the stormy wave of history? Let alone two young people who were too young and too inexperienced. At that moment I saw Lin Quay, I really didn't feel that I was facing a schizophrenic but felt a sense of intimacy because she aroused my sympathy for women as a woman. And I felt heartbroken for all her life with blood and tears. She sat on the kang in the east room of her son Teng Yunxiang's house. The scene had no difference compared with the picture in that she wore the same clothes with a decent scarf on her neck.<br /> I reached out to touch the kang and found it was warm. I asked her if she was in good health. She nodded. I asked her if she felt cold, and she shook her head. I sat in front of her, and she showed no fear or refusal. Her attitude was very friendly. I wanted to have a long conversation with her. But she was, after all, very old. I couldn’t touch an her scabbed wound as she was an old mother.<br /> The story lasted for two years in her beautiful love with her husband. It seemed that the geographical differences between the North and the South didn't become their obstacles. As long as she stayed with her lover, even cold water tasted as sweet as honey. However, something happened suddenly. Xiao Wu died of an unexpected disease such as myocardial infarction. It felt like the sky was falling for Lin Qunyi. She roved in an alien land alone and no one could protect this young widow. Every day she wept silently before Xiao Wu's grave. There was no one in the wilderness, but neither did she feel afraid, nor did she know that there were greedy eyes tracking her.(Wang Zhiling)<br /> <br /> ====王智灵 Wang Zhiling====<br /> <br /> 在贫穷的土地上，愚昧和邪恶是孪生兄弟，人类的原始欲望常常变成兽性，被邪恶牵引着横行乡里。我见到的文字资料里说，后来林意群被迫嫁给了当时村里的治保主任。既然是被迫，她一定不愿意！她没有想到回老家吗？一定想过。故事在这里中断了，但我还是能从她的儿子滕云祥和乡亲们的只言片语里听出，林意群的第二个丈夫是个强悍之人。<br /> 雪上加霜的是，林群意的第一个孩子夭折，在孩子还没有冷却的时候，被人们急忙丢弃在山林里，林群意疯子一般跑出去追她的孩子，恰恰看到了那可怕的一幕。从此人们都说她魔症了，其实她是间歇性的精神失常，平时静静的，一言不发，突然之间就会又哭又闹。<br /> 到了滕家，她一连生了七个孩子，但是她不曾幸福过。这是一个受过教育，体验过人生美好的女性，她一定知道自己的境遇意味着什么。所以她每天每天都怀着逃生的愿望，又因为接踵而来的孩子，难以断舍离，长此以往，抑郁是必然的。滕云祥说，母亲一发病就往外跑，父亲嫌她不干活，就追她打她，当自己长大了些，懂事了，就拦着，用自己小小的身子护着母亲，不让父亲打母亲……林群意的病越来越重，在外人的眼里就是一个疯子了，可是她知道喂养自己的孩子，时刻呵护着自己的孩子……<br /> On the poor land, ignorance and evilness are twin brothers.The primal desires of human usually turn into animal nature and driven by evilness to run rampant in the countryside. According to the the written documents I saw, Lin Qunyi was later forced to marry the security chief of the village at that time. Since she was forced, she must not be willing to marry him! Didn’t she ever think of returning her hometown? She must had thought about it. The story is interrupted here, but I can still hear from the few words of Lin Qunyi’s son Teng Yunxiang and the villagers that her second husband is a tough man.To make things worse, Lin Qunyi’s first child died young, and was hurriedly abandoned in the mountain forest by people before the child had cooled down. Lin Qunyi ran out to chase her child like a lunatic, and just saw that terrible scene. Since then, people all have said that she has a demonic disease, but actually she had intermittent mental disorder. In normal times, she was silent and speechless, but suddenly she would cry and fuss. After coming to The Family of Teng, she gave birth to seven children in succession, but she was never happy. She is an educated woman who has experienced the beauty of life, and she must know what her situation means. Therefore, she nursed a hope of escaping every day, but because of the children who come one after another, it was hard for her to break up and leave her children. If things go on like this, she must be depressed. Teng Yunxiang said that his mother ran out as soon as she was attacked by her disease. His father thought she didn’t work, so he chased and beat her. When he grew up and became sensible, he stopped his father and used his small body to protect his father from beating her mother......Lin Qunyi’s illness got worse and worse, and in the eyes of other people, she was a lunatic, but she remembered to feed her own children and to take care of her children all the time......<br /> <br /> ====吴博涵 Wu Bohan====<br /> <br /> 后来，腾云祥的父亲去世，母亲动了开颅手术，又从床上摔下来，摔成脑水肿……这个家，苦苦地在岁月里挣扎，滕云祥直到四十岁才说上媳妇，媳妇小王也是个有智障的人，至今连自己岁数都不知道，家里原本就一贫如洗，还要给母亲治病，养活儿子，滕云祥被贫困压得愁眉不展。<br /> <br /> Later, Teng Yunxiang's father died, his mother underwent craniotomy surgery, and fell out of bed and became cerebral edema ...... the family was struggling to make ends meet. Teng Yunxiang did not marry his wife until he was forty years old, This wife, Wang, is also mentally handicapped, and so far does not even know her own age. The family was already penniless, but he also has to treat his mother and support his son. Teng Yunxiang was deeply overwhelmed by poverty. <br /> <br /> Later, Teng Yunxiang’s father died, and his mother underwent craniotomy surgery and fell out of bed, leading to cerebral edema... The family had been struggling in hard times. Teng Yunxiang had not married until he was forty years old. His wife, Mrs. Wang, is also mentally handicapped, and so far had not even known her own age. The family had already been penniless, but he also had to treat his mother and support his son. Teng Yunxiang was deeply overwhelmed by poverty. <br /> <br /> 因病致贫，因事致贫，村里七十二家贫困户的情况五花八门，家家都有一本难念的经。<br /> <br /> Poverty might be the result the illness or other misfortunes and the 72 poverty-stricken families in the village have a variety of difficulties, for each family has its own life struggles. <br /> <br /> Poverty might be the result of illness or other misfortunes and the 72 poverty-stricken families in the village had a variety of difficulties, for each family had a cross to bear.<br /> <br /> 村里的人们，并没有像秋日的落叶那样，甘心情愿地随风飘零，也曾穷则思变。五个贫困户联手组成了村里唯一的养殖合作社，但是由于缺少运作资金，缺乏科学技术指导，只能雇佣一些老人照管，由于饲养力不从心，很多羊身上里有囊虫，掉毛，吃毛，饲养员不懂小尾寒羊的习性，往往在母羊下了一个羔子后，不知道羊肚子里还有没有分娩的羊羔，导致接羔成活率很低。丰收村人的致富梦想就这样一开始就举步维艰，后来依然举步维艰。<br /> <br /> People in the village were not willing to drift in the wind like the autumn leaves, they once sought for changes in penniless conditions. Five poor families joined forces to form the only animal husbandry cooperative in the village. However, due to the lack of operating funds and scientific and technical guidance, they had to hire some elderly people to take care of the sheep. Because of the incapability of feeding, many sheep had cysticercus on them, and their wool moulted or was even eaten by themselves. Breeders do not understand the habits of small-tailed sheep, and often after the ewe gave birth to a lamb, the breeders did not know whether there were any lambs in the womb of the ewe, resulting in a low survival rate in lambing. The Fengshou village's dream of getting rich hit a tricky start, and it continued to get as tough as the beginning.<br /> <br /> People in the village were not drifting like the autumn leaves in the wind, but sought for changes in extreme poverty. Five poor families joined forces to form the only animal husbandry cooperative in the village. However, due to the lack of operating funds and scientific and technical guidance, they had to hire some elderly people to take care of the sheep. Because of breeders' incapability of feeding, many sheep had cysticercus on them, and they moulted and even ate their wool. Breeders did not know the habits of small-tailed sheep. Sometimes after the ewe gave birth to a lamb, they did not know whether there were any lambs in the womb of the ewe, resulting in a low survival rate in lambing. The Fengshou village’s dream of getting rich hit a tricky start and continued to be floundering.<br /> <br /> ====伍超穎 Wu Chaoying====<br /> <br /> 丰收村出产小米、黄米、黄豆、高粱、荞麦等五谷杂粮，均为一季作物。由于夏日强烈日照、在种植方法上保持着传统方式，这里的杂粮品质十分优良，一直以原生态的口感和营养著称。但是卖粮难，却是丰收村多年以来无法解决的问题。手里的粮食卖不出去，卖出去了卖不上价，也是丰收村村民难以致富的一个原因。<br /> 治病难，住房没有保障，贫困户孩子就学没保障等等诸多的问题，构成了丰收村人面前的一座难以翻越的山。面对这座山，年轻的第一书记惊呆了，犯难了，如此多的问题扑面而来，他真的不知道登山的那条路的第一个台阶在哪里。<br /> 教师出身的王振平，有一个良好的习惯，遇到问题，就去查资料，翻书本，求教于别人的经验。她的妻子曾经是她的同事，也是个优秀的教师，虽然家中有公婆和孩子，都需要她的关爱和照顾，但是她非常理解丈夫的心愿，深明扶贫攻坚的大义，经常和丈夫交流探讨，但凡丈夫忧虑的问题，她都会设身处地，广开思路，为丈夫提供信息和建议。<br /> <br /> Fengshou Village produced millet, yellow rice, soybeans, sorghum, buckwheat and other grains, all of which were one-season crops. Due to the strong summer sunlight and the traditional way of cultivation, the grains here were of excellent quality and had always been known for their original taste and nutrition. However, how to sell the grains was a problem that had haunted villagers for many years. The grains couldn’t be sold, and though it was sold, it could only be sold at a low price, which was one of the reasons why the villagers in Fengshou Village couldn’t get rich. Furthermore, villagers were hard to gain access to basic social security including healthcare, housing, and education for the children of poor households. And all these were the barriers they could not get over. In the face the barriers, the young major secretary was stunned and stumped. With so many problems piled up, he really had no idea about where the way out was. Wang Zhenping, used to be a teacher, had a good habit of looking up information, going through books and asking for lessons when he encountered problems. His wife used to be his colleague and was an excellent teacher. Although she had in-laws and children at home, both of whom needed her love and care, she well understood her husband’s wish and was sensible at poverty alleviation. She often exchanged ideas with her husband. If her husband was worrying about something, she would put herself in his shoes and open her mind to provide him with information and advice.<br /> <br /> <br /> Fengshou Village produced millet,glutinous millet, soybeans, sorghum, buckwheat and other grains, all of which are annual crops. Due to the strong sunlight in summer and the traditional way of cultivation, the grains here were of excellent quality and had always been known for their original taste and nutrition. However, how to sell the grains was a problem that had haunted the villagers for many years. The grains couldn’t be sold, and though it was sold, it could only be sold at a low price, which was one of the reasons why the villagers in Fengshou Village couldn’t get rich. Furthermore, villagers were difficult to gain access to basic social security including healthcare, housing, and education for the children of poor households. And all these were the barriers they could not get over. In the face of the barriers, the young first secretary was stunned and stumped. With so many problems piled up, he really had no idea about where the way out was. Wang Zhenping, used to be a teacher, had a good habit of looking up information, going through books and asking for lessons when he encountered problems. His wife used to be his colleague and was an excellent teacher. Although she had in-laws and children at home, both of whom needed her love and care, she well understood her husband’s wish and was sensible to poverty alleviation. She often exchanged ideas with her husband. If her husband was worrying about something, she would put herself in his shoes and open her mind to provide him with information and advice.<br /> <br /> ====吴敏 Wu Min====<br /> <br /> 想想咱们手里有什么资源吧，妻子提示道。对呀，王振平分管的旗文联，真的是清水衙门，除了四面八方的文学艺术家朋友，还是这些文学艺术家朋友。他们并非腰缠万贯的大款，但是他们的创作影响力，就是最大的财富和资源。2016年，王振平面对冯喜仁一家的状况 ，请来一位文学艺术界朋友，拍摄制作了视频，在水滴平台上为冯喜仁一家发起筹款，筹集到捐款两万三千元万元。虽然这点钱，对于冯喜仁一年十二万的治疗费来说，还是杯水车薪，但是足以让王振平的眼前一亮，脑洞大开，原来在熙熙攘攘的网上森林里，鲜花盛开，阳光流淌，只要你寻觅到通路，爱心就会像奔跑的春风，来到你的身边。2019年，女儿冯小伟突然病重，冯喜仁家的境遇雪上加霜，王振平再次发起网上求助，通过今日头条和水滴平台，呼喊求助，让更多的人听到了这父女二人渴盼救治的声音。他日夜拿着手机，急切地盯着那个一点点一滴滴由小变大的数字，半个月过去了，他的呼唤得到两万六千位爱心人士的响应，筹集到捐款五十四万八千元！王振平在欣慰的同时，十分紧张。他知道自己是使用现代科技手段的新手，操作起来稍不注意，可能出错，筹集到这笔钱的最终目的，是及时让患者得到治疗，一切都需要法律保驾护航。为了能合法及时使用这笔捐款，不出纰漏，他请教专业人士，起早贪黑学习了好一阵子，网上的操作过程，在别人看来已经是很快的了，对于心急如火的王振平来说，却是犹如油煎火燎一般难熬，终于，一切理顺，冯小伟得以到天津血液病医院治疗，很快病情转好，冯喜仁也开始了又一轮的化疗，虽然他每天服用的药需要二百元的费用，但是在大病救助政策之外，有了这笔捐款，彻底解决了他的后顾之忧。<br /> Just thinking over what resources we had, the wife hinted. Yeah, the Flag Literary Federation supervised by Wang Zhenping were really a government office free from corruption. Apart from literary and artist friends in all directions, nevertheless, they were still these literary and artist friends. They didn’t have a lot of money, but their impact from creativity is the greatest wealth and resource. In 2016, faced with the status of Feng Xiren's family, Wang Zhenping requested a friend in the world of art and letters to shoot and produce a video, which was aimed to raise money for their family on the Water Drop Fund(a social fund-raising platform), raising a donation of 23,000 yuan. Although this amount of money was still a drop in the bucket for Feng Xiren's annual treatment fee of 120000 yuan, it was enough to surprise Wang Zhenping and greatly enrich his mind. it turns out that flowers are in full bloom and the sun is flowing in the bustling online forest, as long as you find a way, love will come to you like a running spring breeze. <br /> In 2019, when his daughter Feng Xiaowei suddenly became seriously ill and the situation of Feng Xiren's family became even worse, Wang Zhenping once again launched an online call for help through Jinri Toutiao and water drop platform, so that more people heard the voice of the father and daughter longing for treatment. He held his cell phone day and night and eagerly stared at the numbers that were growing from small to big. Half a month later, his call was answered by 26000 warm hearted people and raised 548,000 yuan in donations! While Wang Zhenping was gratified, he was very nervous. He knew that he was a novice in the use of modern science and technology, and could make mistakes if he was not careful. The ultimate goal of raising the money was to get the patient treated in time, and everything needs adhere to the law. <br /> In order to use the donation legally and timely without making mistakes, he consulted professionals and learned from morning to night for a long time. The online operation process was easy understood by others, however, for the anxious Wang Zhenping, it was as hard as in a stew. Finally, everything was straightened out. Feng Xiaowei was able to go to Tianjin Hematology Hospital for treatment, and soon his condition was getting better. Feng Xiren also began another round of chemotherapy. Although the medicine he took every day cost 200 yuan, in addition to the serious- illness medical care system, this donation has completely solved his worries.<br /> <br /> <br /> Think about what resources we have in our hands, the wife prompted. Yeah, the Flag Literary Federation supervised by Wang Zhenping were really a government office free from corruption. Apart from literary and artist friends in all directions, nevertheless, they were still these literary and artist friends.They didn’t have a lot of money, but their impact from creativity is the greatest wealth and resource. In 2016, Wang Zhenping faced the situation of Feng Xiren's family and asked a literary and artistic friend to shoot and produce a video to launch a fundraising campaign for Feng Xiren's family on the Waterdrop platform (a social fund-raising platform), raising a donation of 23,000 yuan. Although this amount of money was still a drop in the bucket for Feng Xiren's annual treatment fee of 120000 yuan, it was enough to surprise Wang Zhenping and greatly enrich his mind. it turns out that flowers are in full bloom and the sun is flowing in the bustling online forest, as long as you find a way, love will come to you like a running spring breeze. In 2019, daughter Feng Xiaowei suddenly serious illness, Wang Zhenping once again launched an online call for help through Jinri Toutiao and water drop platform, so that more people heard the voice of the father and daughter longing for treatment. He held his cell phone day and night and eagerly stared at the numbers that were growing from small to big. half a month passed, his call for help received 26,000 people responded to raise donations of $548,000! Wang Zhenping was very nervous while he was relieved. He knew he was new to using modern technology and could make mistakes if he was not careful. The ultimate goal of raising the money was to get the patients treated in time, and everything needed to be escorted by the law. In order to be able to use the donation legally and in a timely manner, without mistakes, he consulted professionals and learned from morning to night for a long time. The online operation process was easy understood by others, however, for the anxious Wang Zhenping, it was as hard as in a stew.finally, everything is straightened out, Feng Xiaowei was able to go to the Tianjin Hospital for Blood Disorders treatment, and soon his condition turned better, Feng Xiren also began another round of chemotherapy .Although the medicine he takes every day costs 200 yuan, the donation has completely solved his worries outside of the major disease relief policy.<br /> <br /> ====伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 在这期间，冯喜仁的儿子冯海涛，顺利通过高考。家境濒临绝地，父亲危在旦夕，姐姐重病在身，冯海涛不由万念俱灰，每天无精打采。一个农村贫困家庭的孩子，需要付出多少超常人的努力，才能踏上大学的门槛！王振平想起当年因贫失学的二姐，想起了自己第一次走进大学校园时的心情，便安慰冯海涛说，现在有这么多的好政策，你爹会有人管，你就放心走，到了学校安心学，有困难找王哥。他和冯海涛一起坐在电脑前， 琢磨了几十次，把适应海涛就读的学校、专业、地区和奖补情况，掂量来掂量去，搞定了高考志愿，又一起申请了大学生补助、大学生贷款，直至冯海涛踏上了求学的旅途，王振平才放心。时代给予了自己怎样的帮助，我们相信年轻的冯海涛不会忘记。<br /> 如果说对于冯仁喜一家的帮助，属于一蹴而就，关键在于找到爱心通道，资金来了，问题基本解决，那么王振平对老滕家的帮助可就难上加难了。心地善良，憨厚老实，在重重困难面前勇于追求好日子的滕云祥，表面上看，性格里有一点轴，细思一番，那不是什么轴，而是在他自己都不易察觉的内心深处，依然埋藏着岁月留下的伤痕。光阴荏苒，时代步步更新，记忆常常恍若隔世，像旧电影的镜头般飞快地闪现，在与现实的撞击中，犹如隐形的乌云，遮挡住了老滕前行的目光。<br /> <br /> During this period, Feng Xiren's son Feng Haitao, successfully passed the college entrance examination. The family is on the verge of extinction, the father is in critical condition, the sister is seriously ill, Feng Haitao feel tired of earthly life, every day lethargic. A rural poor family's children, need to pay how much more than normal people's efforts, to step on the threshold of the university! Wang Zheping remembered that Second sister who is poor and out of school and remembered his first time into the university campus mood. He comforted Feng Haitao said, now there are so many good policies, You can rest assured. When you get to school, study hard and ask me if you are in trouble. He and Feng Haitao together sitting in front of the computer, pondered dozens of times, After careful consideration of the school, major, region and award and compensation of Haitao, he finally settled the college entrance examination volunteer, and applied for college student subsidy and college student loan together. It was not until Feng Haitao set foot on the journey of study that Wang Zhenping felt at rest. We believe that the young Feng Haitao will not forget the Times to give him how to help. <br /> If we can help Feng Renxi's family in one move, the key lies in finding the channel of love. With sufficient funds, the problem can be basically solved, but Wang Zhenping's help to the Lao Teng family can be even more difficult. Kind-hearted, honest, in the face of numerous difficulties to pursue good Teng Yunxiang is an axis in the character On the surface.If you think carefully, you will find that it is not an axis, just the scars left by the years are still hidden deep in his heart. Time flies and The Times are changing. Memory often seems to be a world apart.It is like the old movie shot as fast as flash and like invisible clouds in the collision with reality, blocking Lao Teng's eyes.<br /> <br /> During this period, Feng Xiren's son Feng Haitao, successfully passed the college entrance examination. The family was in a hapless situation. With his father’s life at stake, his sister severely ill, Ma Haitao couldn’t help being hopeless about the world. He dallied away his days, crestfallen. You have to know how much unimaginable efforts a child from a poverty-stricken rural family must make to enter a university! Recalling his second elder sister who dropped out because of poverty, and his feelings when he entered the campus at the first time, he comforted Feng Haitao and assured him to leave at ease and study earnestly at school, saying that with support of all these good policies, his father would be taken cared well and if he meets some trouble, he can ask me for help. He and Feng Haitao sitting together in front of the computer, pondered dozens of times. After careful consideration of the school, major, region and award and subsidy to meet the need of Ma Haitao, he finally settled the college application, and applied for college student subsidy and college student loan together. It was not until Feng Haitao set foot on the journey of study that Wang Zhenping felt at ease. We believe that young Feng Haitao will never forget how the time has helped him. If we defined our support for Renxi’s family as those can be done in one action whose problem will be addressed with the arrival of fund only if we found the charity channel, Wang Zhenping’s help for Lao Teng’s family has seen unsurmountable difficulties. Teng Yunxiang was kind-hearted and honest who always fought for good days in the face of numerous difficulties. On the surface, he was a little stubborn, but after careful deliberation, you will find that is not stubborn but the scars left by time, hidden in the bottom of his heart, and even undetected by himself. Time flies and the world is updating. The memories are just like that of another life, flashing by as fast as the scenes in old movies. In its collision with reality, it formed as invisible dark clouds, blocking Lao Teng’s sight on his journey forward.<br /> <br /> ====席书涵 Xi Shuhan====<br /> <br /> 老滕二十岁上，母亲精神失常，父亲也病重，在家种地已经不能养家，他只好远行到锡林格勒草原，放羊打草，把挣到的钱一分不剩地捎回家，让一家人过活。我见过和他一样在草原上打工放羊的农民，夏天风沙干旱，肌肤曝露，连皱纹里都是沙子，只有一条脏兮兮的旧毛巾围在脖子上，算是劳保用品，冬天，放羊的鞭子上落一口吐沫，即刻结冰，太阳出来了，像个画饼挂在天上，空气里依然除了冷就是雪，放眼望去，天和地扣在一起，犹如没有缝的大冰柜，羊群混在雪原上，被雪吞没，感觉唯一会动的就是自己。收牧了，把羊赶进圈，回到蒙古包，点燃牛粪，喝上一口奶茶，已是夜半。所以，我想老滕是遭过罪的人，对于劳作，他是不怕的。 但是从他的故事里，我们总是能感觉到一丝畏葸，一丝歉疚。<br /> 我来到老滕家的那天，王振平也在场。上半场，老滕给我讲家史，下半场，大家讲老滕。当初老滕一贫如洗，母亲每个月要花几百块治病，儿子上学每月也要花几百块钱。那状况大家可以想象<br /> 现在，老滕满脸笑容，言辞质朴，只有感谢二字不绝于口，还特地告诉我，他听王书记的听对了。<br /> 王振平说，我也曾被他们两口子的孝顺感动……<br /> <br /> When Lao Teng was in his twenties, his mother got lunatic and his father severely ill, farming in home hasn’t been able to support their life now. He had no choice but trekked to Xilin Gole Steppe to herd sheep and mow grass, sending all the money he earned home to support his family. I had seen the peasants who herded sheep for others like him before. In the summer, the wind dry and sand arid, with their skin exposed to the air, sand could even be found in their winkles. A dirty towel swathed on their necks was all they had as the labour protection appliance. In the winter, a spite on the herding whip would freeze into ice in no time. Though the sun peeped, it was just like a round pie hanging on the sky, and all you could feel in the air was either the piercing cold or the snow. Looking at the horizon, the heaven and earth were seamlessly connected like a great refrigerator. The sheep herds mixed into the snow land, engulfed in the snow, the only moving thing seemed to be oneself. After driving all the sheep in the sheepfold and returning back to the ger, igniting the cow dung and taking a sip of milk tea, the mid-night had arrived. Based on that, I judged that Lao Teng had suffered a lot. Though he was not afraid of hard toil, we could feel, from his story, a tinge of timidity and guilt. On the day I first paid a visit to Lao Teng’s home, Wang zhenpin was also there. In the first half, Lao Teng told us his family history, in the second half, we talked over Lao Teng. At that time, Lao Teng lived in dire destitution as every month his mother would spend several hundred yuan on medical treatment and his son also needed hundreds of yuan in school each month, you can imagine how hard his situation was. Today’s Lao Teng is radiant with smile and his words simple and plain but he never ends expressing his gratitude. He told me especially that it was right for him to listen to Secretary Wang. Wang Zhenpin said he was also moved by the filial couple before......<br /> <br /> When Lao Teng was twenties, his mother was mentally ill, and his father was seriously ill, farming in home hasn’t been able to support their life now. He had no choice but trekked to Xilin Gole Steppe to herd sheep and mow grass, sending all the money he earned home to support his family. I had seen the peasants who herded sheep for others like him before. In the summer, the wind dry and sand arid, with their skin exposed to the air, sand could even be found in their wrinkles. A dirty towel swathed on their necks was all they had as the labour protection appliance. In the winter, a spite on the herding whip would freeze into ice in no time. Though the sun peeped, it was just like a round pie hanging on the sky, and all you could feel in the air was either the piercing cold or the snow. Looking at the horizon, the heaven and earth were seamlessly connected like a great refrigerator. The sheep herds mixed into the snow land, engulfed in the snow, the only moving thing seemed to be oneself. After driving all the sheep in the sheepfold and returning back to the ger, igniting the cow dung and taking a sip of milk tea, the mid-night had arrived. Based on that, I judged that Lao Teng had suffered a lot. Though he was not afraid of hard toil, we could feel, from his story, a tinge of timidity and guilt. On the day I first paid a visit to Lao Teng’s home, Wang zhenpin was also there. In the first half, Lao Teng told us his family history, in the second half, we talked over Lao Teng. At that time, Lao Teng lived in dire destitution as every month his mother would spend several hundred yuan on medical treatment and his son also needed hundreds of yuan in school each month, you can imagine how hard his situation was. Today’s Lao Teng is radiant with smile and his words simple and plain but he never ends expressing his gratitude. He told me especially that it was right for him to listen to Secretary Wang. Wang Zhenpin said he was also moved by the filial couple before......<br /> <br /> ====夏盼 Xia Pan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 这样的一个贫病交加的家里，每每会出现这样的情景——老母亲生病了，需要静脉点滴，一扎针，老人便十分紧张，于是犯病，不管不顾地拼命往外跑，那失控的力气一般人拦不住。这时候，滕云祥两口子，就一人抱住母亲的上身，另一个人保住母亲的两腿，一抱就是几天几夜，直到治疗结束，把医护人员都感动得落泪。 <br /> 跑，已经成了林群意的本能，甚至在刚刚做完开颅手术之际，也会从病床上起身跑出去。<br /> 这是当初落下的心结魔障。忍受屈辱之时，她无数次地逃跑过，又被找回来责打，所以，逃跑这个想法，每一天都在她心底悸动。人们说是怜悯之心人皆有之，然而久病床前无孝子，身边有一个这样一个疯疯癫癫的人，一般人很难做到初心不改，只有深深地理解她的人，才能始终如一地照顾她，保护她。在滕云祥一家人的心里，这个老人，不是拖累，而是心尖上的宝贝。<br /> 小于滕云祥十三岁的妻子王铃梅，虽然永远说不清自己的年龄多大，见到生人从不敢说话，眼神空洞，看似失魂落魄，好像对这个世界一无所知。但是她在老人面前却是个好儿媳，老太太每天吃好穿暖，收拾得干干净净，有她的一份功劳，难怪，当我们一行到她家的时候，她直愣愣地坐在我们面前，滕云祥看看她，眼光却是那么疼爱。<br /> <br /> In such a poor and sick home, such a situation often occurs - the old mother was ill and need an intravenous drip. As soon as the needle was inserted, the old woman was very nervous, so she fall ill and run out desperately with the uncontrollable strength. At this time, Teng Yunxiang and his wife, one hugged her mother's upper body, and the other kept her mother's legs. They held each other for several days and nights until the end of the treatment, which moved the medical staff to tears. Running has become Lin Qunyi's instinct, and even when he just finished the craniotomy, he would get up from the hospital bed and run out. This was her incompletly cured illness.While enduring the humiliation, she ran away countless times, and was found and beaten again, so the idea of escaping throbbed in her heart every day. It is said that everyone has compassion, but there is no filial son by the beside of a parent of long-illness. There is such a crazy parent. It is difficult for ordinary people to keep their original intentions. Only people who deeply understand her can take care of her and protect her consistently.<br /> In Teng Yunxiang's family, this old woman is not a drag, but a treasure of their heart. His wife Wang Lingmei, who is thirteen years younger than Teng Yunxiang, can never tell how old she is. She never dares to speak when she sees strangers. But she is a good daughter-in-law in front of the old woman. The old lady eats and dresses well, looked clean every day. She has a share of credit. In front of her, Teng Yunxiang looked at her with such loving eyes.<br /> <br /> correction：In a poor and sick family like this, such a scene often occurs - the old mother was ill and needed an intravenous drip. As the needle was inserted, the old woman was very tense, so she fall ill and run out desperately with uncontrollable strength. At this time, Teng Yunxiang and his wife, one hugged her upper body, and the other held her legs. They would keep doing it for days until the end of his mother’s treatment, which moved the medical staff to tears. Running has become Lin Qunyi's instinct, and even when she just finished the craniotomy, she would get up from the hospital bed and just run out. This was her incompletely cured illness. While enduring the humiliation of her illness, she ran away countless times, and was found and beaten again, but the idea of escaping throbbed in her heart every day. It is said that everyone has compassion, but no filial son can be found by the bedside of a parent of a long illness. There is such a crazy parent. It is difficult for ordinary people to keep their original intentions. Only people who deeply understand her can take care of her and protect her consistently. In Teng Yunxiang's family, this old woman is not a drag, but a treasure of their heart. His wife Wang Lingmei, thirteen years younger than him, can never tell how old she herself is. She never dares to speak when seeing strangers. But she is a good daughter-in-law. The old lady eats and dresses well, and looked clean every day. She has a share of the credit. No wonder Teng Yunxiang looked at her with such loving eyes even though she just sat there, looking dull.<br /> <br /> ====夏依颐 Xia Yiyi ====<br /> <br /> 滕云祥的儿子健康懂事，正在上高中，杨明霞告诉我，奶奶的小帽子，小丝巾，都是他给奶奶买的，她知道奶奶一辈子都爱美，即使是犯病的时候，也把知道穿戴整齐。人们说奶奶是个魔症，可是奶奶只要见到她的大孙子，立刻、永远都是笑容满面。我看到一张照片，是这祖孙俩的合影，孙子搂着奶奶自拍，奶奶带着过生日的王冠，沉醉在幸福之中。无疑，没有爱，老太太不可能活到现在。归根结底，是有孝心的滕云祥营造了家里的氛围，给全家人做了一个好榜样。<br /> 滕云祥在村里人缘极好，哪家有活儿，他都带着媳妇去帮忙，还总是抢着最脏最累的活干。乡亲们纷纷夸奖滕云祥人好厚道。一些高龄老人，还记得浩劫年代的一些往事，说滕云祥随他的病妈妈，她妈妈没有病的时候，见人不笑不说话，不管见到谁家的孩子，都要把自己孩子手里的食物分出来一些给他吃，可惜了……<br /> 滕云祥这个好人，是在母亲的苦难里，懂得了一定要做个好人。<br /> <br /> Teng Yunxiang's son, healthy and obedient, is in high school. Yang Mingxia told me that it was he who bought little hats and silk scarves for his grandmother who has always loved beauty all her life; even when she suffered from an attack, she would still be neatly dressed. People assume that Grandma suffered more mentally than having physical problems, as she would smile radiantly the moment she sees her grandson. I saw a selfie of them in which the grandmother was held in her grandson’s arms with a crown on her head for her birthday, indulging in happiness. No doubt, without love, she couldn’t be alive today. The credit for her longevity went to the filial atmosphere at home created by Teng Yunxiang, which set the whole family a good example. Teng enjoys great popularity in the village, for he always took his wife to help anyone in need of a helping hand and eagerly did all the dirtiest and most backbreaking labour. Thus, villagers thought highly of him for being kind and generous. Some elderly people still remembered some past events back in the frightening years, saying Teng was just like his sick mother, quiet but helpful and kindhearted. Before his mother got sick, she neither smiled nor spoke when meeting people, but she would certainly share some of the food for her kids with any child she might encounter in the village. What a sad reality that Teng learned to be a kind man through what his mother has experienced.<br /> <br /> Teng Yunxiang’s son, healthy and sensible, was in high school. Yang Mingxia told me that it was he who bought little hats and silk scarves for his grandmother who has always loved beauty all her life; even when she suffered from illness, she would still be neatly dressed. People assumed that Grandma suffered more mentally than having physical problems, as she would smile radiantly the moment she saw her grandson. I saw a selfie of them in which the grandmother was held in her grandson’s arms with a crown on her head for her birthday, and they were indulged in happiness. There was no doubt that she couldn’t live to now without love. Ultimately, it was the filial-minded Teng Yunxiang who created the atmosphere at home and set a good example for the whole family. Teng enjoyed great popularity in the village, for he always took his wife to help every family in need and eagerly did all the dirtiest and most backbreaking labour. Thus, villagers thought highly of him for being kind and generous. Some elderly people still remembered some past events back in the era of catastrophic years, and said Teng has the personality and temperament of his sick mother, quiet but helpful and kindhearted. Before his mother got sick, she neither smiled nor spoke when meeting people, but she would certainly share some of snacks in her kid’s hands with children she might encounter in the village. What a sad reality that Teng learned to be a kind man through misery his mother has suffered from.<br /> <br /> ====夏紫纯 Xia Zichun ====<br /> <br /> 老滕一家的故事，整日在王振平的心里翻腾，如何把这个故事终结，帮住他们一家创造一个幸福的新故事呢？想来想去，王振平想到了养羊这个项目上。老滕以前放过羊，虽然当年的草原游牧和如今的棚圈养殖有很大区别，但是对他来说，没有隔行如隔山的难题。他和老滕一商量，老滕同意了。经过审核，老滕得到了扶贫专项款的支持。 <br /> <br /> The elderly Teng’s family story tumbled in Wang Zhenping’s heart all day long. He was thinking how to put an end to his trouble and how to help his family to create a new story with happiness? Thinking about it, Wang Zhenping came up with the project of raising sheep. Elderly Teng used to have sheep. Although there was a big difference between nomadic herding in the grassland and raising sheep in the shed, for him this matter is not as difficult as a complete change of occupation. Elderly Teng agreed after they had a discussion about it. After verification, elderly Teng got exclusive money for poverty alleviation. <br /> <br /> The Tengs' story echoed in Wang Zhenping’s mind all day long. How to help them end their miserable life and restart a new one? Wang came up with the project of raising sheep. Elderly Teng used to be a shepherd. Although there was a big difference between nomadic herding and raising sheep in pens, for him this matter was not as difficult as a complete change of occupation. The proposal was agreed by Teng after discussion. Later the project was approved and got the allowance for poverty alleviation.<br /> <br /> <br /> 老滕乐了。白雪团儿似的基础母羊进家了，咩咩的叫声，让院子里立马有了生气，数数，一只、两只……一共二十五只，还有一只又高又壮的种公羊。王振平给老滕算了一笔账，一个羔子卖八百元，这个品种的小尾寒羊，一胎可以下两羔子，一年下来收入个三两万，应该是没有问题的，正常情况下，老滕家脱贫指日可待。<br /> <br /> Elderly Teng had a smile on his face. The snowy ewes came into the house, and their bleating made the yard come to life immediately. He counted these sheep, one, two …twenty-five in total, including a tall and strong female ram. Wang Zhenping made an income plan for elderly Teng: a lamb could be sold for eight hundred yuan, and this kind of cold-resistant sheep with small tail could lay two lambs in one litter, so a year later the income of thirty to twenty thousand should be a piece of cake. Under normal circumstances the poverty alleviation for elderly Teng was just around the corner. <br /> <br /> A smile spread across elder Teng's face when he saw snowy ewes whose bleat brought vigor to his yard. One, two… twenty-six in total. Among them one was a big ram. Wang made a calculation of income for Teng: a lamb could be sold at eight hundred yuan, and the cold-resistant sheep with small tail could lay two lambs a litter, so it's easy for him to earn thirty to twenty thousand yuan a year. Therefore, the Tengs were much likely to be lifted from poverty under normal cirmstances.<br /> <br /> <br /> 同时，王振平给老滕一家三口申请了低保，为老滕的儿子申请了三千元的助学金。恰好旗政府在丰收村创办了一个脱贫攻坚讲习所，对全旗村民进行思想文化和农业技术培训，王振平让老滕参加养羊的技术培训班，老滕说，那时候在草地放羊，夏天往有水有草的地方一撒，看着别让狼进群就得了，雪天赶着羊群找马蹄子踏过的地方就有草吃了，剩下的我啥也不懂， 科技指导员来讲课，那就是天上掉下了及时雨，万万不能错过。便穿戴得整整齐齐，去了。<br /> <br /> At the same time, Wang Zhenping applied for low-income subsidies for the elderly Teng and his two family members, and also applied for a 3,000 yuan grant for elderly Teng’s son. It so happened that the Qi official had founded a study hall in Fengshou village for poverty alleviation, aiming to train the villagers in ideology, culture and agricultural technology. When Wang Zheping asked Teng to attend a technical training course on sheep farming, he said that, at that time, he herded sheep on the grass, and his job was to drive the sheep to places with water and grass in summer, and to guard against wolves entering the flock. In snowy days, he drove the sheep to find the place where the horses’ hooves had trodden so that they could have grass to eat. Other than that, I don’t know anything else. So when the technology instructor came here to give a lecture, it was like timely rain falling from the sky, and we could not miss it. Finishing speaking, he dressed up and went to the hall.<br /> <br /> What's more, Wang applied low-income subsidies for the elderly Teng and his two family members as well as a student grant for Teng's son. At that time, the Banner Goverment set up a learning program for poverty alleviation in the village so as to impart knowledge to local villagers and promote agricultural techniques. Then Wang advised elderly Teng to take part in the training of sheep raising. Teng recalled his early experience of keeping sheep: he used to leave sheep in a grassland nearby water. The only risk to be alert to was woleves. On snowy days, he would find grass without much effort just following the marks left by horses. Teng admitted he knew nothing about the techniques so he cherished the opportunity to learn from technique instructors. For his, this chance was like a good rain after a long draught. He was neatly dressed and went to sign up for the program.<br /> <br /> ====向明慧 Xiang Minghui ====<br /> <br /> 这厢王振平正忙得团团转。一方面要把村里的党建工作抓到实处，成立联合党支部后，推行固定党日、党员集中学习，营造心往一处想，劲往一处使的氛围，自己带头讲党课，倡导开展以“振兴乡村，支部引领，党员带头”的活动，让中央脱贫攻坚重大举措，在全村上下每一个村民心里落地生根。另一方面要按照上级的安排，承担农民讲习所的管理和教务工作。为了不断调动农民积极性，让他们参与到文明乡村的建设中来，王振平还学习外地经验，在旗委宣传部的支持下，创办了丰收村爱心超市……<br /> <br /> Wang was as busy as bee. On one hand, after the establishment of local Party branch, he was appointed to administer fundamental Party affairs, including collective learning of the Party's new theories on fixed days to cultivate an atmosphere of unity and dedication. Wang delivered courses about the history and philosophies of the Party and advocated activities of &quot;rural rejuvenation&quot; participated mostly by Party members under the leadership of local Part branch. These activities were a part of the great vision of China's poverty alleviation put forward by the CPC Central Committee. And Wang was responsible to inform all the villagers of related policies and notions. On the other hand, he was designated to administer local farmers' education programs. He was sent to learn from successful cases of rural vitalization in other villages so as to boost local villagers' enthusiasm to build a more beautiful and livable countryside. What's more, a village supermarket was set up with the support of the Publicity Department of Aohan Banner.<br /> <br /> Wang was as busy as a bee. On one hand, after the establishment of local Party branch, he was appointed to administer fundamental Party affairs in the village, including collective learning of the Party's theories on fixed days to cultivate an atmosphere of building consensus and pool strength. Wang delivered courses about the history and philosophies of the Party and advocated activities of &quot;rural rejuvenation&quot; participated mostly by Party members under the leadership of local Party branch. These great activities of CPC Central Committee's poverty alleviation were implemented with every villager’s support. On the other hand, Wang undertook the management and teaching work of the farmers' workshop. In order to continuously promote the enthusiasm of farmers, and let them participate in the construction of civilized countryside, Wang also learned from the experience of other places, and established the supermarket for the convenience of residents in harvest village under the support of the Publicity Department of Aohan Banner.<br /> <br /> 工作千千万，就看干不干。王振平从陌生到熟悉，从不知道怎么下手，到一件事一件落实到位，体会了有条件上，没有条件创造条件也要上的不易，也获得了成功的喜悦。总之，忙起来了，动起来了，就没有闲下来的空了，说的是驻村干部五天四宿在村里，双休日回家休息，对王振平来说，一个月四周，能回家一次，已经是常态了。每当双休日，上头没有督查考核，他总是在村民的家里地里转，哪个村民家有什么事，他总是比这户村民的亲戚知道的还早。他给村民办的好事越多，村民便越信任他，每天找他的人一个接一个，他们向他求助的事，也是五花八门，各式各样，甚至让他哭笑不得。什么小公鸡见面掐架，掐得满鸡圈都是鸡毛和鸡血；什么热水器放不出水来怎么办，放出来的洗澡水冰凉怎么办；什么上了农民讲习所，发现以前和婆婆打仗，赌气回了娘家，现在一想不对了，想回来，婆家不来人接怎么办……<br /> <br /> One can either work hard or do nothing faced with endless tasks. Wang chose the former. Ar first, he had no idea what to do with all those tasks in the village but he never quit. With little assistance, he groped his way to overcome difficulties and finally finished his tasks. A sense of achievement and excitement welled up in him. He seldom had leisure time since then. For most village cadres, weekends were their holidays as they would rest in the village committee on weekdays. But that's not true for Wang. He usually went back home once a month on a weekend. On weekends when no one would check the performance of cadres, he would actively visit villagers to learn about any problems they met and helped them. Therefore he knew better about the problems bothering the villagers, even faster than their relatives. The more help he offered to villagers, the more trusted villagers were about him. Every day he was asked to deal with all sorts of incidents, sometimes queer. He was asked what to do with roosters that fighted violently ending up with wounds and fallen feathers; with water heaters that couldn't work well ; with family squabble that a village woman quarrelled with her mother-in-law, left there out of anger and went to her parents's home. Yet she regretted losing her head after learning in the farmers' education program and realizing the possibility that her husband's family may not send someone to ask her to come back.<br /> <br /> One can either work hard or do nothing faced with endless tasks. Wang chose the former. At first, he had no idea what to do with all those tasks in the village but he never quit. He groped his way to overcome difficulties and finished his tasks. Finally, a sense of achievement and excitement welled up in him. He seldom had leisure time since then. For most village cadres, weekends were their holidays as they would rest in the village committee on weekdays. But that's not true for Wang. He usually went back home once a month on a weekend. On weekends when no one would check the performance of cadres, he would actively visit villagers to learn about any problems they met and helped them. Therefore, he knew better about the problems bothering the villagers, even faster than their relatives. The more help he offered to villagers; the more trusted villagers were about him. Every day he was asked to deal with all sorts of incidents, sometimes queer, sundry and funny. He was asked what to do with roosters that fought violently ending up with fallen feathers and wounds; with water heaters that couldn't work well; with family squabble that a village woman quarreled with her mother-in-law, left there out of anger and went to her parents' home. Yet she regretted losing her head after learning in the farmers' workshop and realized the possibility that her husband's family may not send someone to ask her to come back.<br /> <br /> ====肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 这不，半夜三更的，电话又响了。他拿起手机一看，是老滕，有一阵子没去老滕家了，莫不是老太太有啥不好？<br /> <br /> See! the phone rang again in the middle of the night. Wang picked up the mobile phone and saw that it was from Teng. He didn't go to Teng's house for a while. Is there any wrong with the old lady?<br /> <br /> See! the phone rang again at midnight. Wang picked up his mobile phone and saw that it was from Teng. He didn't go to Teng's house for a while. Was there anything wrong with the old lady?<br /> <br /> 老滕在那头都带哭腔了。王书记啊，不好了，我得报个案。<br /> <br /> On the phone, Teng was talking with crying voice:&quot; Secretary Wang! Oh no, something has to be reported.&quot;<br /> <br /> On the phone, Teng was speaking in tears :&quot; Secretary Wang! Oh no, something has to be reported.&quot;<br /> <br /> 什么？什么事？老滕语无伦次，看来是太着急了：我家羊……我家羊死了一地，个个都是大母羊，说话就揣羔子了……<br /> <br /> &quot;What’s going on?&quot; Teng was almost incoherent with fear:&quot; My sheep...my sheep died, which all are big ewes, and will give birth to lambs soon...&quot;<br /> <br /> &quot;What’s wrong?&quot; Teng was almost incoherent with worry:&quot; My sheep...my sheep died, which all are big ewes, and will give birth to lambs soon...&quot;<br /> <br /> 王振平一听也急了，咋死的，受伤了？羊圈进狼了？<br /> <br /> Wang was also anxious:&quot; Why did they die? Is it because they were hurt or the wolf went into the sheepfold?&quot;<br /> <br /> Wang heard this and was also anxious:&quot; Why did they die? Is it because they were hurt or the wolf went into the sheepfold?&quot;<br /> <br /> 不是，不是，是有人投毒了。<br /> <br /> &quot; No, no, someone has poisoned them.&quot;<br /> <br /> &quot; No, no, someone has poisoned them.&quot;<br /> <br /> 怎么可能？<br /> <br /> &quot; That is impossible!&quot;<br /> <br /> &quot; That is impossible!&quot;<br /> <br /> 王振平一个翻身起来，一边穿衣服，一边深一脚浅一脚地往老滕家跑。<br /> <br /> After rolling over and getting up, he staggered to Teng's house while he dressing.<br /> <br /> After rolling over, he staggered to Teng's house while he dressing.<br /> <br /> 果然，六只大母羊倒在圈里，体温还有，眼睛还水汪汪的，但是的确已经死了。说话间，又有两只母羊在抽搐蹬腿，很快也停止了呼吸。<br /> <br /> Sure enough six ewes fell down in the sheepfold, remaining body temperature and watery eyes, but they were definitely dead. During the conversation, two more ewes twitched and kicked, and soon stopped breathing. <br /> <br /> As expected, six ewes fell down in the sheepfold, remaining body temperature and watery eyes, but they had really dead. While talking, two more ewes were twitching and kicking, and soon stopped breathing. <br /> <br /> 王振平按按羊肚子，发现都是膨胀的。<br /> <br /> Wang pressed the ewe's belly, finding that it was inflated.<br /> <br /> Wang pressed the ewe's belly and found that it was inflated.<br /> <br /> 老滕急得原地打转转，接着像晕倒了似的，一屁股坐在了草堆里。<br /> <br /> Teng was so anxious to walk around the circle, and then like being fainted, sat in a haystack.<br /> <br /> Teng was anxious ang went in circles, and then liked being fainted, sat in a haystack.<br /> <br /> 半晌，老滕才冒出一句话：“都怪我爹当年伤人太狠了……”<br /> <br /> After a while, Teng just gave a word:&quot; That’s on my father for seriously hurting others.&quot;<br /> <br /> After a while, Teng just said one thing:&quot; That’s on my father for greatly hurting others.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====肖娜 Xiao Na====<br /> <br /> 老滕非要去报案。看着一地死羊，找不到什么原因。他的直觉里，这就是一种报复，村里当年的老人还在，他们还记着当时受到的伤害，怎么会愿意看着老滕家过上好日子呢。童年的记忆已经造成了深深的负罪感，成了老滕心中治不好的伤。<br /> <br /> Teng insisted on reporting the case.Looking at the dead sheep on the ground, he couldn't find the reasons.Intuitively , he thought that this was a sort of revenge. The elderly people in the village were still here and remembered the hurts they suffered at that year, so how would they like to see the Teng's family live a good life? The memory of childhood had already brought deep sense of guilt and became an incurable hurt in Teng's heart.<br /> <br /> Teng insisted on reporting the case. Looking at those dead sheep lying on the ground, he couldn’t figure out the reason why they got killed. Intuitively, he thought that was a sort of revenge. For those elderly people who were still alive, they remembered the damage suffered at that time and they are not allowing Teng’s to get a better life. In Teng’s mind, childhood memories have caused him a deep sense of guilt, which has become a wound that can not be cured.<br /> 王振平年轻，他的头脑里没有那不可饶恕的岁月，一时有点发懵。不知道说什么才好。但是他觉得投毒的说法太荒唐，抬头看看，羊圈里还真安装着摄像头。于是他说，老滕大哥，天亮了，咱们先找兽医，保住活着的羊。<br /> <br /> Wang Zhenping was young and didn't experience that unforgivable years so he was a little confused for a moment. He didn't know what to say, but he felt it was ridiculous to someone put poisons down,and then,he looked up and found that there was really a camera in the sheepfold. Then he said, &quot;Big brother Teng, It's dawn, we can go to the vet first to keep the living sheep .&quot;<br /> <br /> The young Wang Zhenping didn’t experience those inexcusable past just like Teng, so he was baffled for a moment and didn’t know what to say. But he thought the idea of poisoning was ridiculous, and then he looked up, finding that there was a camera in the sheepfold. So he said: “Mr.Teng, morning dawns. Let’s go find a vet first to save those sheep alive.”<br /> <br /> <br /> 找来了兽医，解剖了死羊，老滕傻了。原来是他用喂猪的方法喂羊铸成的大错。羊的胃适合吃草反刍，可以加一些玉米秸和粮食合成的精饲料，但不能用其替代饲草。老滕的羊，全部吃精饲料，导致胃酸过多。兽医打开羊肚子一看，胃粘膜全部脱落，羊就是这个原因死的。<br /> <br /> Looking for a vet to dissect the dead sheep, Teng was stunned because the real reason was his wrong way feeding sheep.The sheep's stomach is fit for eating grass and ruminating or adding some concentrated feed compounded by corn straw and grains,but this kind of feed couldn't be used as a substitute for forage.All the Teng's sheep ate concentrated feed,resulting in excessive stomach acid. When the vet opened the sheep's stomach, its all gastric mucosa fell off.That was why the sheep died.<br /> <br /> They called a veterinarian and dissected the dead sheep and Teng was stunned. It turned out that he had made a big mistake by feeding the sheep in the same way as he had fed the pigs. The sheep’s stomach is suitable for grazing and ruminating. Corn stalks and high levels of concentrate made from grain can be added, but cannot be used as a substitute. Teng’s sheep, owing to grazing high levels of concentrate, has caused hyperacidity. When the vet opened the sheep’s stomach, its gastric mucosa was all coming off and that was why the sheep died. <br /> <br /> 俗话说，吃一堑长一智，老滕懂得了科技的重要性，每天精心照看他的羊，三天两头，就给村里的技术指导员打个电话，请教一下。他的手机是广东的亲戚淘汰的老款机，装手机的皮套，是他在垃圾堆里捡来的，他把手机放在皮套里，系在腰上，非常自信地说，管它新的旧的，只要能找到王书记，找到技术指导员，就是最好的手机！他养羊有了收益，后来一想，反正也是不出院门的活计，索性又抓了一只母猪养起来，果然是猪肥羊壮，猪仔羊羔满圈。到了2017年底，一算账，收入了一万多元。老滕拿了几张百元大钞给母亲，神志不清的母亲恍若梦醒，一把抓过了钞票，要儿子藏起来，苦难的记忆像挥之不去的病毒，时刻让她处于处于恐惧和戒备中。<br /> <br /> There was an old saying goes, a fall into the pit,a gain in your wit.Teng understood the importance of science and technology, so he took good care of his sheep and called technical instructor in the village to seek advice every two or three days. His mobile phone was an old model eliminated by his relatives in Guangdong.He picked up leather sheath for his phone from scrap heap, and then put his phone into the sheath and tied it around his waist.With great confidence, he said ,&quot;Whatever my phone is new or not, as long as I can connect with Secretary Wang and technical instructor,it is the best one!&quot; He had incomes from sheep farming, and then he thought that it didn't need to go out anyway so he simply raised a sow.Sure enough,pigs were fat and sheep were strong and the pens were full of piglets and lambs. By the end of 2017, he earned more than 10,000 yuan. He gave his mother a couple hundred yuan,and his delirious mother suddenly woke up and took the bills to ask his son to hide them.The grueling memory was just like lingering virus, which kept her in fear and alert all the time.<br /> <br /> As the saying goes: a fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. Teng understood the importance of science and technology, so he took good care of his sheep and called instructors in the village to seek advice almost every day. His phone was outdated, obsolete by his relatives in Guangdong, and the leather sheath he used to fit his phone was picked up from the rubbish. He put his phone into the sheath and fastened it around his waist and confidently said that: “I don’t care whether my phone is stylish or outdated, as long as it can call Secretary Wang and instructors, then it’s the best one for me.” Later, he had earned some money from it and thought that it was not a job needed to work outside the farm anyway, so he just bought a sow and fed it. As expected, the sow and sheep were strong and fat, with pens full of piglets and lambs. By the end of 2017, after accounting, he earned more than 10,000 yuan. Teng gave his mother a few 100-dollar bills and his delirious mother suddenly woke up, grabbed the bills and asked her son to hide them. The miserable memory was just like a lingering virus, which immersed her with fear and alert all the time.<br /> <br /> ====肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin ====<br /> <br /> 这一来，老滕家的院子就显小了，恰好房子后面还有一块空地，王振平建议老滕盖个带棚的大羊圈。老滕现在是彻底服了，王振平说什么他都接受，他说凡是王振平给他出的道，都是亮堂堂的好道。他仰起满是皱纹和汗珠子的脸 ，像孩子依赖大人似的问王振平：“书记，没钱咋办?”<br /> <br /> Thus, Teng’s yard looked smaller. It happened that there was an empty space at the back of the house so Wang Jianping suggested Teng to build a large sheep pen with a shed. Teng was now completely convinced and accepted all opinions from Wang’s and he also said that everything Wang said were all excellent solutions. He raised his weather-wrinkled and sweaty face and asked Wang like a child relying on adults: “Secretary, I have no money. What should I do?”<br /> <br /> Thus, Teng’s yard looked smaller. It happened that there was an open space at the back of the house so Wang Zhenping suggested Teng to build a large sheep pen with a shed. Teng was now completely convinced and accepted all of Wang’s opinions and he also said that everything Wang said were all excellent solutions. He raised his weather-wrinkled and sweaty face and asked Wang like a child relying on adults: “Secretary, I have no money. What should I do?”<br /> <br /> 是啊，没钱咋办。王振平帮助老滕撰写好清晰客观的信息，在中国社会扶贫网上发起社会众筹，一夜之间，就得到了广泛的关注，内蒙古互联网＋社会扶贫信息中心的负责人，第一时间联系了王振平和滕云祥，并联系滕讯新闻摄影团队，到敖汉丰收村，现场拍摄了滕云祥一家的生活生产状况，在他们的联手推动下，两万块钱迅速到位，羊圈盖起来了，宽敞暖和，羊不用踩着自己的屎尿走来走去了。老滕说，这样养的羊，肉不膻。<br /> <br /> Right, one can’t do anything without money. Wang then helped Teng write clear and objective personal information about Teng’s family and launched a crowd founding on China’s Social Poverty Alleviation Website. It received widespread public attention overnight and the head of Inner Mongolia Internet and Social Poverty Alleviation Information Center immediately contacted Wang and Teng. He also invited Tencent’s professional photographic team to AoHan harvest village, filming Teng Yunxiang’s living conditions and production situations. With their joint efforts, 20,000 yuan were quickly in place and a larger pen was built, spacious and warm. Sheep can walk freely without stepping on their own shit and urine. Teng said that the sheep raised in this way did not smell “goaty”. <br /> <br /> Right, one can’t do anything without money. Wang then helped Teng write clear and objective information about Teng’s family and launched a crowd funding on China‘s Social Participation in Poverty Alleviation Website. It received wides public attention overnight and the head of Inner Mongolia Internet Plus Social Poverty Alleviation Information Center immediately contacted Wang and Teng. He also invited Tencent’s professional photographic team to AoHan harvest village, filming Teng Yunxiang’s living conditions and production situations. With their joint efforts, 20,000 yuan were quickly in place and a larger pen was built, spacious and warm. Sheep no longer walked on their own shit and urine. Teng said that the sheep raised in this way did not smell “goaty”. <br /> <br /> 王振平放心了，转身投入了紧张的工作之中。<br /> 自从2016年驻村以来，他就帮助村里的建宇农民种植合作社，流转土地一千余亩，种植有机小米，使带动一百五十三户农民增收，令贫困户四十三人直接受益，他又开始筹备将贫困户种的有机杂粮杂粮大黄米，交由合作社统一包装销售，让建宇牌小米登堂入室，通过淘宝、天猫拼、多多走到全国消费者的生活中。<br /> <br /> Seeing this, Wang was relieved and immediately plunged into intense work. <br /> Since 2016, he has stayed and helped Jiangyu agricultural collectives which located at the village to transfer land over a thousand acres and plant organic millet. These efforts contributed to 153 farmers and directly benefited 43 low income families. He also prepared to pack organic grains and millet together which were planted by low income families to agricultural collectives for sale. He hoped that it would benefit Jiangyu’s millet to reach a higher level and depended on Taobao, Tianmao, and Pingduoduo websites to walk into consumers’ lives.<br /> <br /> Seeing this, Wang was relieved and immediately plunged into intense work. Since he came to the village in 2016, he has helped Jiangyu agricultural collectives at the village to transfer over a thousand acres of land and plant organic millet. These efforts led to an increase in the income of 153 farmers and directly benefited 43 poor families. He also prepared to hand organic grains and millet planted by poor families to agricultural collectives for packing and sale. He hoped that it would help Jiangyu’s millet walk into consumers’ lives through Taobao, Tianmao, and Pingduoduo websites .<br /> <br /> ====谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu ====<br /> <br /> 敖汉旗脱贫攻坚讲习所成立以来，一直由王振平具体负责，两年多的时间里，已经培训来自全旗的四千多名贫困户，扶贫先扶志，王振平安排的课程，总是使用接地气的方式，让贫困户改变乐因循守旧的观念，看到社会主义新农村的光明前景，同时学会了新的农业生产技能。<br /> 对于村里的贫困户各式各样的困难，他带领工作队的同志们，不遗余力，想方设法，一一解决，先后通过赤峰市和敖汉旗残联，帮助丰收村的残疾人落实了培训项目，解决了三十台轮椅，二十台坐便器，二十个助听器，一一发放到需要者的手里。还特别为残疾人刘瑞亮安装了价值九万余元的假肢，为残疾的张楚晗小朋友落实了就学问题。<br /> 丰收村的每天都有喜人的变化，每一户贫困家庭，都体验到了天天都是好日子的滋味儿， 王振平的心里无比欣慰，每天忙得不亦乐乎。<br /> <br /> Since the Ao Hanqi’s instructing and practicing institute of poverty alleviation was set up, Wang Zhenping has been responsible for it. For over two years, they had trained more than 4000 Quanqi’s poor families to build up their morale and courage before the implementation of anti-poverty projects. The courses he arranged always used a down-to-earth approach to help poor families change their conservative ideas, see the bright prospect of a new socialist countryside, and learn new agricultural production skills. For all kinds of difficulties of poor families in the village, he led the task force to spare no efforts and try their best to solve them one by one. Through the Chifeng city and Ao Hanqi Disabled Person’s Federation, he helped the disabled people in the Harvest village to carry out the training program and distribute 30 wheelchairs, 20 toilets and 20 hearing aids to those who needed them. He also specially installed a prosthesis worth more than 90000 yuan for the disabled Liu Ruiliang, and help a disabled child, Zhang Chuhan solve the problem of entering school. There were great changes in the Harvest village every day, and every poor family has experienced the taste that every day is a good day. Wang Zhenping felt much relieved and worked hard every day.<br /> <br /> Since the instructing and practicing institute of poverty alleviation in Aohan Banner was set up, Wang Zhenping has been responsible for it. For over two years, they had trained more than 4000 poor families of all banners to build up their morale and courage before the implementation of anti-poverty projects. The courses he arranged always used a down-to-earth approach to help poor families change their conservative ideas, see the bright prospect of a new socialist countryside, and learn new agricultural production skills. For all kinds of difficulties of poor families in the village, he led the task force to try their best to solve them one by one. Through the Chifeng city and the Aohan Banner Disabled Person’s Federation, he helped the disabled people of the Harvest village to carry out the training program and distribute 30 wheelchairs, 20 toilets and 20 hearing aids to those who needed them. He also specially installed a prosthesis worth more than 90000 yuan for the disabled Liu Ruiliang, and helpd a disabled child Zhang Chuhan solve the problem of entering school. There were great changes in the Harvest village every day, and every poor family has experienced the feeling that every day is a good day. Wang Zhenping felt much relieved and worked hard everyday.<br /> <br /> ====谢茜敏 Xie Ximin====<br /> <br /> 两不愁三保障，危房改造是一项硬指标。半农半牧地区的农民，骨子里是不大注重建房子的，我在赤峰所见，历史上除了王爷府，几乎见不到一般人家留下来的像样的老屋祖屋，移民而来的农民，一来就是弄个小窝棚委身其中，把心思都用在开荒种地上，民以食为天，而后才是住与行，好几百年，这里农民的吃饱饭的问题，是在改革开放之后才有所改善，所以他们特别能将就，有个破烂不堪的土房茅舍遮风挡雨，便心安理得了。他们还有一个小心眼儿，不愿意动用手里好不容易存下的那几个钱，我在很多村子都听说了这种情况，有的农民直接就说了：“如果国家把钱包了，我们痛快就扒（旧房）。”<br /> 拆房子的事阻力重重。有的人家说，重建的房子不如原来大，儿女过年过节回来，没地方住；有的人家说老两口活不了多少年了，没必要改善住房了。王振平没想倒的是，最大的一个难题，竟然出现会出现在老滕家。<br /> <br /> <br /> To ensure that rural poor people are free from worries over food and clothing and have access to compulsory education, basic medical services and safe housing, the renovation of dilapidated houses is a key indicator. People living in farming-pastoral region didn’t emphasize building houses in nature. From my view in Chifeng, there was almost no decent ancestral house in ordinary family except for the house of the prince. Farmers who immigrated from other places always rigged up a small shanty to live in and then were devoted to working the land, for food was the paramount necessity of people and living and transportation came second. Farmers here had suffered from famine for hundreds of years. Until the reform and opening-up policy was implemented, this problem got alleviated. Therefore, they were particularly accustomed to living in awful conditions. They felt at ease when they had a shabby thatched cottage to keep out wind and rain.<br /> They also stinted on another matter. They were not willing to spend the little money that they had been saving for so long. I had heard of this situation in many villages. Some farmers directly said,” If the government took on the money, we will pull down the old house without any hesitation.” The deconstruction work faced tremendous difficulties. Some people said their children would have no place to sleep in every New Year or festivals, for the new-built house would be smaller than the old one. Some said it’s unnecessary for them couples to improve the living environment for they thought that they should not live many years. To Wang Zhenping’s surprise, one of the biggest problems should appear in the old Teng’s.<br /> To ensure that rural poor people are free from worries over food and clothing and have access to compulsory education, basic medical services and safe housing, the renovation of dilapidated houses is a key indicator. People living in farming-pastoral region don't emphasize building houses in nature. From my view in Chifeng city, there was almost no decent ancestral house in ordinary family except for the house of the prince. Farmers who immigrated from other places always rigged up a small shanty to live in and then were devoted to working the land, for food was the paramount necessity of people and living and transportation came second. Farmers here had suffered from famine for hundreds of years. Until the reform and opening-up policy was implemented, this problem got alleviated. Therefore, they were particularly accustomed to living in awful conditions. They felt at ease when they had a shabby thatched cottage to keep out wind and rain.<br /> They also stinted on another matter. They were not willing to spend the little money that they had been saving for so long. I had heard of this situation in many villages. Some farmers directly said,” If the government took on the money, we will pull down the old house without any hesitation.” The deconstruction work faced tremendous difficulties. Some people said their children would have no place to sleep in every New Year or festivals, for the new-built house would be smaller than the old one. Some said it’s unnecessary for them couples to improve the living environment for they thought that they should not live many years. To Wang Zhenping’s surprise, one of the biggest problems should appear in the old Teng’s.<br /> <br /> ====谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou====<br /> <br /> 村干部和工作队一进院，老滕就一个不拆，两个不拆地打断了干部们的话，他媳妇王玲梅，不知道啥时候，把家里一些看着值钱的东西死死抱在怀里，好像干部们会把她家的东西给扔出门外，强拆他们家的房子似的，正说着话，精神病老奶奶，手执一把水果刀，猛然就冲了出来，她的劲头没人拦得住，大家无功而返。<br /> 问题还是在老滕身上，可能是他的思想没有转过弯来。这两年卖羊，他手里有个一两万是没问题的，但是他不想花，死攥着，就怕有个为难遭灾的时候两手空空。对生活的没有安全感，他的精神世界，依然处于几十年留下的阴影里。<br /> 王振平特意请老滕吃饭，席间有几盅小酒相佐。<br /> 王振平说，老滕哥你不是说，我给你指的都是亮堂道吗？<br /> When the cadres and the demolition team entered the courtyard, elderly Teng was so adamant that he interrupted them. At some point, his daughter-in-law, Wang Lingmei, held some valuable things in her arms, as if the cadres would throw her things out of the door and demolish their house. At this time, the old grandmother, suffering from mental illness, holding a fruit knife, rushed out violently, no one could stop her, everyone returned without success. The main problem is the old Teng, probably because his mind is still relatively backward. He has been selling sheep for the past two years, earning at least ten or twenty thousand, but he does not want to spend. So he has been saving the money, for fear that in the event of natural or man-made disasters, there is no savings. Insecure about life, his spiritual world, remains in the shadow left by decades. <br /> Wang Zhenping intentionally invited Teng to dinner, and there were a few cups of small wine on the table for drinking. <br /> Wang Zhenping said, &quot;Teng, didn't you say that I pointed you to a right path?<br /> <br /> When the cadres and the demolition team entered the courtyard, elderly Teng was so adamant that he interrupted them. At some point, his daughter-in-law, Wang Lingmei, held some valuable things in her arms, as if the cadres would throw her things out of the door and demolish their house. At this time, the old grandmother, suffering from mental illness, holding a fruit knife, rushed out violently, no one could stop her, everyone returned without success. The main problem is the old Teng, probably because his mind is still relatively backward. He has been selling sheep for the past two years, earning at least ten or twenty thousand, but he does not want to spend. So he has been saving the money, for fear that in the event of natural or man-made disasters, there is no savings. Insecure about life, his spiritual world, remains in the shadow left by decades. <br /> Wang Zhenping intentionally invited Teng to dinner, and there were a few cups of small wine on the table for drinking. <br /> Wang Zhenping said, &quot;Teng, didn't you say that I pointed you to a bright path?<br /> <br /> ====谢紫佳 Xie Zijia====<br /> <br /> 老滕说，可不是，没有你的帮助，哪有今天的好日子。<br /> 王振平说，那我让你改建房子，你为啥不听？<br /> 老滕说 ，还不是舍不得手里那一脚踢不倒的两个钱。<br /> 王振平说，你留着钱干啥？你看你院子里的羊多好，以后卖的钱会翻几番。<br /> 老滕说，用钱的时候在后面呢，看病的事儿虽然在你们的帮助下不愁了，儿子还得上学，还得娶媳妇吧？<br /> 一听老滕说娶儿媳妇，王振平不由噗呲一笑——我说老滕哥，就你家现在的破房子，谁家丫头愿意嫁给你们家？咱家儿子好小伙子一个，要是在大学里领个对象回来，敢进咱家的破房子吗？政府给你机会你不把握，有你后悔那一天！<br /> 老滕不吱声，脸通红。<br /> “你难道也想让你儿子跟你当年一样？”<br /> Teng said, yeah, without your help, how to get a good day today. Wang Zhenping said, then I asked you to remodel your house, why don’t you listen? Teng said, I just can’t let go of the much less money. Wang Zhenping said, you keep the money for what? How good the sheep in your yard, the money sold in future will be multiplied. Teng said, the time to use money is in the back, although the matter of medical care with your help is not worry, my son still has to go to school, and still has to marry a daughter-in-law, right? When heard Teng say marry a daughter-in-law, Wang Zhenping couldn’t help puff a smile - I said elderly Teng brother, your house is now broken, who would like to marry your family? Our son is a nice young man, if he get a girlfriend back in college, dare to enter our house? The government gives you the opportunity you do not gasp, you will regret one day! Teng didn’t say anything, his face went scarlet. “Do you want your son to be like you back then?”<br /> <br /> Senior Teng said, Yeah, Without your help, we wouldn't have had a good day now. Wang Zhenping said, then I asked you to remodel your house. Why don’t you listen? Senior Teng said, I just grudge having to pay my less money. Wang Zhenping said, you keep the money for what? How good the sheep in your yard, the money sold in future will be multiplied. Senior Teng said, the time to use money is in the back. Although the matter of medical care with your help is not worrying, my son still has to go to school, and still has to marry a daughter-in-law, right? When heard Teng say marry a daughter-in-law, Wang Zhenping couldn’t help chortling- I said senior Teng brother, &quot;Your house is now broken, who would like to marry your family? Our son is a nice young man. If he gets a girlfriend back in college, dare she enter our house? The government gives you the opportunity you do not grasp, you will regret it one day! Senior Teng didn’t say anything, his face went scarlet. “Do you want your son to be like you back then?”<br /> <br /> ====熊丹 Xiong Dan====<br /> <br /> 王振平知道这句话戳老滕的心，想了想还是说了。说完了又有点后悔。<br /> 说到底老滕是明白人，他眼泪在眼眶里转，说，我知道书记为我好。便把手里的酒杯端起来，还是心心念念那点钱：“王书记啊，我可就听你的啦，要是把钱花光了，遇到难处，我还得指望你拯救我……”<br /> 那你就放心吧，有政策在，有这么多共产党员在，哪能让你回到脱贫攻坚前呢。<br /> 二人一饮而尽，事就定下来了。<br /> 老滕事先把老母亲哄到门口的厢房里，安顿好，让她看不到院子里发生的事情。人和机器一起上，那座不堪一击的旧土房很快夷为平地，新房的地基随即开槽。这下老滕家可热闹了，村里人感念老滕两口子为人敦厚，几十年来，谁家有事，他们都跑在前头，如今终于有了回报的机会，一家伙来了一百多人帮忙，上房梁那天，按习惯主家是要请大家酒宴的，乡亲替老滕着想，一个个带着酒，带着肉，带着蔬菜和年糕，喜气洋洋地在老滕的新房子框子里痛饮了一顿。<br /> Wang Zhenping knew that this sentence may hurt senior Teng’s feelings. He thought about it and said it. When he said it, he felt a little bit of regret again.<br /> <br /> Essentially, the senior Teng is a wise man, said with tears in his eyes, I knew that secretary was good to me. Then he raised a wine glass, but he constantly thought of those money, &quot;Secretary, I believe you, If I spend all of my money, facing difficulties, I would hope you that would help me.....<br /> <br /> You should be assured that there are policies and a lot of communist, how could you let you back to the pre-battle against poverty“<br /> <br /> Two people drink the wine off, then things have been decided.<br /> <br /> Senior Teng coaxed his mother to the chamber at the door and sort her out, making her not see the happening thing in the yard. The flimsy house repeatly became a flat floor with peoples and machines working together ,and the foundation of the new house would be slotting .at that time ,senior Teng’s house got more lively,the senior Teng’s couple were warm-hearted whenever other’s famaliy got into trouble for decades,the villagers were greatful to their honest and sincere, today it finally have a opportunity for them to give back, one person brought more than one hundred people to help them ,at the day of installing the beam , according to the customs of the host, they should entertain guests ,but the villagers thought for the senior Teng, they took the wine , meat,vegetables,and the Chinese New Year Cake one by one,drinking happily in the new house of the senior Teng.<br /> <br /> ====徐思禹 Xu Siyu====<br /> <br /> 两间新房子国家补助四万五，老滕拿出七千多元接了对面屋中间的大厨房。新家宽敞，暖和，干干净净，老太太好像也明白了，当人们把她从厢房里扶出来，她面对着新房子愣愣地站了一会，便乐乐呵呵地进了屋。<br /> <br /> The government subsidy for the two new houses was 45,000, from which Elderly Teng took out 7,000 yuan to buy the big kitchen of the opposite house. The new house was roomy, warm and clean. The old lady seemed to understand what happened. After she was helped out of the annexe, she stood there staring at the new house and then she entered the house with a smile.<br /> <br /> With forty-five thousand state subsidies for two new houses, Elderly Teng took out 7,000 yuan to take over the large kitchen in the middle of opposite house. Her new house was spacious, warm and clean. The old lady seemed to understand what happened. Walking out of the annexe with help, she stood there staring at the new house for a while and then entered the house with elation.<br /> <br /> 过年的时候，老滕捡了二十块自己做的豆腐，装了二十多个自己种的黄米蒸的粘豆包，至诚至爱地给王振平送到宿舍。<br /> <br /> During the Spring Festival, Elderly Teng took 20 pieces of self-made tofu, and 20 sticky buns made of millet planted by himself. And then he took all of them to Wang Zhenping’s dormitory. <br /> <br /> During the Spring Festival, Elderly Teng took 20 pieces of self-made tofu and 20 sticky buns made of millet planted by himself and sent them to Wang Zhenping’s dormitory.<br /> <br /> 他贴着王振平的耳朵悄悄地说，从盖房这事儿看，乡亲们没记我们家的过，你看都来帮忙了。<br /> <br /> He whispered to Wang Zhenping’s ear that they didn’t hold any grudge judging from the fact that all folks came to help us build the house. <br /> <br /> He whispered to Wang Zhenping that the folks were not particular about their faults as they all came to help us build our new house.<br /> <br /> 王振平明白，折磨老滕几十年的阴影消失了。<br /> <br /> Wang Zhenping realized the ghost that had haunted Elderly Teng for decades disappeared.<br /> <br /> It dawned on Wang Zhenping that the fear that had haunted Elderly Teng for decades disappeared.<br /> <br /> 疫情来了，老滕没二话，立马掏出了了二百元捐款，放下家里的伙计，参加环境整治的劳动。<br /> <br /> After the COVID pandemic occurred, Elderly Teng donated 200 yuan without any hesitation, and took part in the environment protection work instead of doing his work.<br /> <br /> When the pandemic struck, Elderly Teng donated 200 yuan without hesitation, shelved her own work and took part in the efforts to improve the environment.<br /> <br /> 作为第一书记，王振平好不高兴。2015年到2020年，他驻村已经五年，他的计划还有好多没有实现，他觉得在振兴社会主义新农村的道路上，丰收村已经走出了旧故事，而五年来自己做的这些事，正是给丰收村的新故事开了个头。<br /> <br /> Wang Zhenping, as the first secretary in village, couldn’t be happier. From 2015 to 2020, he had been in this village for exactly five years. Many of his plans hadn’t yet been fulfilled. He believed Fengshou village, on the path to rejuvenate new socialist villages, had walked out of the old stories. And what he had been doing in the past five years helped the village go off to a good start.<br /> <br /> Wang Zhenping, as the first secretary in village, couldn’t be happier. From 2015 to 2020, he had been in this village for exactly five years, but many of his plans hadn’t yet been fulfilled. He believed that on the path to rejuvenate new socialist villages, Fengshou village had left behind those old stories, and what he had been doing over the past five years served as a good start for a promising future for Fengshou village.<br /> <br /> ====杨思吟 Yang Siyin====<br /> <br /> 在老书记留下足迹的沙地上……<br /> <br /> 老书记叫根登，在1951至1983年间任乌兰敖都嘎查的党支部书记。<br /> 乌兰敖都在哪里？<br /> 乌兰敖都是阿什罕的一个嘎查，阿什罕是翁牛特旗的一个苏木。看内蒙古地图，有一块横跨通辽市和赤峰市地域、面积四万余平方公里的沙地，这就是科尔沁沙地。翁牛特旗就在科尔沁沙地的西侧，阿什罕乃至乌兰敖都嘎查位于其中沙化最严重的一隅。嘎查第一任党支部书记根登，五十年代初在这里带领牧民创建了中国第一个畜牧合作社，开启了治沙伟业。老书记八十年代退休，在1993年过世了，但是好像从来都没有离开这片土地一样，在乌兰敖都的田野牧场，在整个阿什罕的绿洲林地里，你随时可以感觉到他的存在。<br /> On the sand where the old secretary left his footprints......<br /> The old secretary, named Gendeng, was the party branch secretary of Ulan Odugacha between 1951 and 1983. Where is Ulan Aodu? Ulan Aodu is a gacha (a village) in Ashikhan which is a sumu (a town) in Ungnuot Banner. If you look at the map of Inner Mongolia, there is a piece of sandy land that spans Tongliao and Chifeng and covers an area of more than 40,000 square kilometers, which is the horqin sandy land. Wengniut Banner is located in the western side of the horqin sandy area, Ashikhan and even Ulan Aodu Gacha are located in a corner the most severely suffered from desertification. In the early 1950s, Gen Deng, the first party branch secretary of Gacha, led local herdsmen to build China's first livestock cooperative, serving as a start for the grand efforts to grapple with desertification. Although he retired in the 1980s and passed away in 1993, it seemed that he had never left this land. You can feel his presence in the fields and pastures of Ulan Aodu and in the oasis woodlands throughout Ashikhan at any time.<br /> <br /> ====杨晰微 Yang Xiwei ====<br /> <br /> 老书记的名字叫根登，是一个贫苦蒙古族牧民的儿子。五十年代起，根登受党组织的指派，只身一人，从五十里开外的故乡海拉苏来到乌兰敖都，那时候乌兰敖都还不是一个村庄，也没有乌兰敖都这个闪光的名字，只是一片牧草稀疏的原始沙地，有十多户牧民在周围放牧， 正是老书记的到来，让这片土地有了党和国家的声音，当老书记终于把周边的十八家牧民召集起来聚居的时候，这里就成了乌兰敖都。乌兰敖都，汉译为红星，意味着新中国的明天与希望。<br /> <br /> The old secretary named Gendeng was the son of a poor Mongolian herdsman. Since the 1950s, Gendeng was appointed by Party organizations to come to Wulanaodu alone about 50 miles away from his hometown Hailasu. At that time, Wulanaodu was not a village yet and didn’t own such shining name where there was only a primitive sand land scattered with grasses and a dozen households grazed around. It was his arrival that brought the voice of the Party and government to this land. He gathered 18 households of herdsmen to live together in the place that later became Wulanaodu whose Chinese meaning was Red Star, meaning the future and hope of new China. <br /> <br /> The old secretary named Gendeng， who was the son of a poor Mongolian herdsman. Since the 1950s, Gendeng was appointed by Party organizations to come to Wulanaodu alone about 50 miles away from his hometown Hailasu. At that time, Wulanaodu was not a village nor was it have the shining named Wulanaodu,where there was only a primitive sand land scattered with grasses and a dozen households grazed around. It was his arrival that brought the voice of the Party and government to this land. He gathered 18 households of herdsmen to live together in the place that later became Wulanaodu whose Chinese meaning was Red Star, meaning the future and hope of new China.<br /> <br /> 当我来到乌兰敖都，阿什罕苏木苏木达僧格，正在乌兰敖都畜牧合作社纪念馆门前等我。一九七六年出生的僧格，年初由苏木达转为党政职责一肩挑，同行的旗委宣传部副部长杨彦冬介绍，僧格是翁牛特旗最年轻的乡镇一把手，十分扎实能干。僧格如数家珍一般介绍老书记的事迹，介绍当年乌兰敖都畜牧合作社的情况。从他的言谈之中 ，听得出来，这个面对脱贫攻坚决胜之战考验的乡镇一把手，这个承接着一代代治沙人未竟事业的蒙古之子，对这块土地完全熟知，对老书记根登怀有无比的敬佩。<br /> <br /> The day I reached here, Sengge, Sumuda( township head) of Ashikhan Sumu, was waiting for me in front of the Wulanaodu Livestock Cooperative Memorial Hall. Sengge, born in 1976, was appointed to shoulder the responsibilities of the Party and government at the beginning of this year. Yang Yandong, a Deputy Minister Publicity Department of County party Committee, introduced to me that Sengge, practical and competent, was the youngest township head in Ongniud Banner. He reeled off the old secretary’s deeds and the situations of the Wulanaodu Livestock Cooperative. From his words, I could see that he, the head of fighting for the decisive battle against poverty, undertook the unfinished cause of generations of desert workers. Also, he was quite familiar with this land and had enormous admiration for the old secretary.<br /> <br /> when I come to here, Sengge, Sumuda( township head) of Ashikhan Sumu, was waiting for me in front of the Wulanaodu Livestock Cooperative Memorial Hall. Sengge, born in 1976, was appointed to shoulder the responsibilities of the Party and government at the beginning of this year. Yang Yandong, a Deputy Minister Publicity Department of County party Committee, introduced to me that Sengge, practical and competent, was the youngest township head in Ongniud Banner. He reeled off the old secretary’s deeds and the situations of the Wulanaodu Livestock Cooperative. From his words, I could see that he, the head of fighting for the decisive battle against poverty, undertook the unfinished cause of generations of desert workers. Also, he was fully quite familiar with this land and had enormous admiration for the old secretary.<br /> <br /> ====余海铭 Yu Haiming====<br /> <br /> 曾经，科尔沁沙地不是沙地，是一片美丽的大草原。这片草原美如翡翠，一碧千里，西拉木伦河、老哈河等无数条银链般的河流，从西北方向的大兴安岭山系发源，一路留下星罗棋布的湖泊和支流，缭绕滋润着这片草原。蓝天白云，牛羊点点，游牧民族逐水草而居，安然生息。然而，清代开始的放垦开荒，将绿丝毯般的草原，划开了第一道伤口，暴露出了草原脆弱的土壤。从此，各种对草原生态损害接踵而来。<br /> 草原的腐殖层实际上只有二十公分不足的厚度，再往下就是沙土了。记得八十年代初，我陪歌唱家胡松华老师和他的夫人张曼茹老师，在呼伦贝尔草原一条自然路上行走，那时候草原上交通还是很落后的，基本都是这种车轮子生生压出来的路。记得汽车底盘中间下面的位置，草照样生长，刷刷地摩擦着汽车底盘，而汽车轮下，草原已经被碾压出了两条一尺深的沙沟。过了三十余年，我和包虎、乌琼两位好友去草原体验生活，无意中聊起了这条路，寻找时，却发现这条路仿佛人间蒸发了似的不见了。牧马人出身的包虎指着不远处的一条沙带告诉我，那就是我们要找的路。跟踪那条沙带，只见它时而是一条无法跨越的沙沟，时而又变成沙尘暄腾四溢的土堆，看起来仍在向两侧弥漫。这长长的，蜿蜒的，曾经被我们诗意地解释为通向天边的路，已经成了草原沙化的引擎，不停地带动着草原的裂口，引来无休止的扩张。附近可能是有人在草原上挖过草药，还有个狐狸洞，包虎说，如果明年再来看这些痕迹，就是一片沙地，最低是原来的几倍。 <br /> Once, Horqin Sandy Land was the beautiful steppes instead of sandy land. This grassland is as beautiful as emerald, with thousands of miles of green. Myriads of silver-chain-like rivers including Xilamulun River and Laoha River originate from the Greater Khingan Mountains in the northwest, leaving lakes and tributaries scattered with the grassland，providing water resources for it. Under the cloud-filled blue sky and in the grassland dotted with cattle and sheep, nomads live by water and grass in peace and contentment. However, land reclamation started in the Qing Dynasty was the first to cause harm to the green carpet-like grassland, exposing its fragile soils. Since then, various ecological damages to the grassland have ensued. Actually，the humus layer of grassland is less than 20cm, and then there are sandy soils. In the early 1980s, I walk on an unsurfaced road on the Hulunbeier Grassland accompanying singer Mr. Hu Songhua, and his wife Mrs. Zhang Manru. At that time, the grassland had poor transport and the roads are basically crushed by vehicle wheels. And below the middle of the car chassis, the grass still grows，rubbing against the vehicle chassis，while under the wheels of the car, two foot deep sand ditches have been rolled out. After more than three decades, my two friends Bao Hu and Wu Qiong and I went to the grassland to experience life and we talked about this road by accident. When we looked for the road, we found that it seemed to have disappeared. Then Bao Hu, a native herdsman, pointed to a sand belt not far away and told me that it was the road we were looking for. Tracking the sand belt, I saw that it was a sand ditch failing to be crossed, and sometimes it turned into a dusty mound, which seemed to be still spreading to both sides. This long and winding road, which was once poetically interpreted as the road to the horizon, has become the leading factor of grassland desertification and exacerbated the issue. Someone may have dug herbs on the grassland nearby, and there is also a fox hole. Bao Hu said that if you look at these traces again next year, it will become a sandy land, at least several times that of the original.<br /> <br /> [[Media:Example.ogg]]====曾晨 Zeng Chen====<br /> <br /> 科尔沁草原，经历了多年的农耕介入、人口密集化，便如此这般地变成了大沙地。牧草稀疏，河流萎缩或者干涸，只有沙尘肆无忌惮，成了这片土地上无处不在的暴君。有几个顺口溜，这样描绘阿什罕——乌兰敖都一带的生活场景： “一年一场风，从春刮到冬，羊儿上房，白天黑天都点灯”。沙土把房子全覆盖成了土丘，羊顺势上了房看不见草，便咩咩地叫；一天到晚风沙遮天蔽日，不点灯屋里和黑夜一样。人们说，头年的坟墓，第二年清明扫墓，不一定能找到。<br /> 因此，科尔沁沙地的脱贫攻坚，永远不能离开保护恢复自然生态这个主题，没有好的生态，牛羊吃什么，喝什么，地里能长出来什么？何谈富裕？换句话说，只有在生态良好的背景下的脱贫致富，才是值得宣传弘扬的。<br /> <br /> Horqin Grassland, after years of farming and densely growing population, had so become a grand area of sand. With sparse forage grass and shrinking or dried up rivers, there is only freely raging sand and dust becoming the ubiquitous tyrant of this area. There are such rhymes to describe the living situation of Ashhan- Wulan Ado area like “A gale a year around, raging from spring to winter, the goats will climb up the house and the lights are lit from day to night.” The houses become hummocks after full coverage of sandy soils so that the sheep will climb up for grass and then bleating as there is no grass. From day to night the sand blown by the wind covered the sunlight and sky so there will be no light inside the house until you lit it. It is said that the grave buried last year is not sure to be found at the tomb-sweeping day next year. Therefore, the poverty alleviation of Horqin sandland should never be deviated from the theme of protection and restoration of nature and ecology. Without natural ecology, there will be no grass and water for cows and goats and no plants to grow to earn money. That is to say, only the ecological-friendly way of shaking off poverty and becoming prosperous is worth advocating and promoting.<br /> <br /> Horqin Grassland, after years of farming and densely growing population, had become such a grand area of sand. With sparse grazing and shrinking or dried up rivers, there was only the sand and dust raging across the land like an ubiquitous tyrant. There are such rhymes to describe the living situation of Ashhan- Wulan Ado area like “A gale a year around, raging from spring to winter, the goats will climb up the house and the lights are lit from day to night.” The houses become hummocks after full coverage of sandy soils, therefore, sheep climbing up for grass will bleating as there is no grass. From day to night the sand blown by the wind covered the sunlight and sky so there will be no light inside the house until you lit it. It is said that the grave buried last year is not sure to be found at the tomb-sweeping day next year. Therefore, the poverty alleviation of Horqin sandland should never be deviated from the theme of protection and restoration of nature and ecology. Without natural ecology, there will be no grass and water for cows and goats and no plants to grow to earn money. That is to say, only the ecological-friendly way of shaking off poverty and becoming prosperous is worth advocating and promoting.<br /> <br /> ====张海珊 Zhang Haishan====<br /> <br /> 仿佛已经十分遥远，也似就在眼前——一匹快马的剪影从远处的沙丘岗上慢慢飘来，马背上的人英姿挺拔，精悍矍铄，他穿过沙海，去寻找游牧在外的每一户牧民。那时候一场沙尘袭来，往往吞噬掉地表所有的人居标识，蒙古牧人所居住的蹦蹦房，低矮，呈半圆形，是用稀牛粪糊在柳条框架上制建的，人住在里面，寒冷，怕雨，还很容易被风沙埋住。根登来到乌兰敖都，第一个任务，是召集牧民，团结起来和风沙作斗争，他走遍了方圆上百里，寻找到流散于岌岌可危之中的十八户牧民 ，组成了乌兰敖都嘎查畜牧业生产合作社。而修复沙化的草原，首先要让人有一个可以抵御风沙的房子，再不能让牧民风餐露宿，住蹦蹦房了！于是他提议盖房子，要建结实、保暖、风雨无惧的居所，要让牧民安居而乐业。<br /> <br /> It seems to be a long time ago, but also feels not that long. The silhouette of a fast horse drifts slowly from a distant dune. The man riding on the horse's back has a dashing figure and spirited posture, he crosses the sea of sand to look for every herders outside. At that time, a sandstorm can easily erase all traces of human habitation above the surface. Mongolian herdsmen live in the low, semi-circular “Bengbeng houses”, which are made of wickers pasted together with cow manure. It’s cold to live in and not rainproof and also easy to be buried in the sand. The first task after Gendeng came to Ulan Aodu is to summon all herdsmen, and united them to fight against the sand. He walked through hundreds of miles around, looking for the eighteen houses of herdsmen scattered in the precarious part, and formed Ulan Aodu Gacha Husbandry Production Cooperative. To repair the sandy grassland, the first thing to do is to build houses that can withstand the wind and sand, ensuring that herdsmen no longer be exposed in the wilderness living in the “Bengbeng houses” ! So he proposed to build strong, warm houses that can withstand wind and rain, a place where the herdsmen can live and work happily.<br /> <br /> It seems to be a long time ago, but also seems not that long. The silhouette of a fast horse drifts slowly from a distant dune. The man riding on the horse's back has a dashing figure and spirited posture, and he crosses the sea of sand to look for every nomadic hersman. At that time, a sandstorm can easily erase all traces of human habitation above the surface. Mongolian herdsmen live in the low, semi-circular “Bengbeng houses”, which are made of wickers pasted together with cow manure. It’s cold to live in and not rainproof and also easy to be buried in the sand. The first task after Gendeng came to Ulan Aodu is to summon all herdsmen, and united them to fight against the sand. He walked hundreds of miles around, looking for the eighteen houses of herdsmen scattered in the precarious part, and formed Ulan Aodu Gacha Husbandry Production Cooperative. To repair the sandy grassland, the first thing is to build houses that can withstand the wind and sand, ensuring that herdsmen no longer be exposed in the wilderness living in the “Bengbeng houses” ! So he advises to build strong, warm houses that can withstand wind and rain, a place where the herdsmen can live and work happily.<br /> <br /> ====张珂珂 Zhang Keke====<br /> <br /> 乌兰敖都附近有一座石头山，只有那里可取盖房子打地基的石材。当根登书记组织大家上山采石的时候，居然无一人响应。大家难道不想有个像样的房子住吗？当然不是。那是因为什么呢？这要从蒙古族的文化理念说起。简单地说，蒙古人信奉的传统萨满教认为，天人合一，万物平等，他们对待自然的态度，是敬畏，是顺从，由于来自有大兴安岭深山，他们保留着敬山的传统，另一方面，赤峰一带的牧民多年受到佛教的影响，在自己的传统文化理念里，融入了生死轮回，因果报应的意识。人们认为此山是圣山，必须诚惶诚恐，不能不恭不敬，所以不愿意去采石。怎么办，难道让盖房建村，成为空空的梦想？这时候老书记听到大家在传说一件事，说是这座石山上，有许多狐狸洞，野生狐狸成群，其中有一只白色的大狐狸，长毛飘飘，仙姿妙曼，被人们传说得神乎其神，说是谁要动了白狐狸的毫毛，就会遭到天谴，以至人们放牧的时候，都不敢靠近那座石山。这个传说，提醒了根登老书记，他告诉牧民们，真的遭天谴，就让我一人承担，大家放心吧。便只身一人，横枪跃马，上了山，山上果然是狐狸的大本营，他没有费什么周折，就猎杀了一只白狐狸。他把白狐狸的皮张挂在村里的树杈上，任其随风飘扬，慢慢风干，而自己如常工作劳动，时间慢慢过去，乡亲们一看，并没有什么天谴的迹象，明白了从前的传言并不真实。根登书记趁热打铁，反复做乡亲们的工作，让他们放下思想负担，随即带领党员和积极分子，率先上山动土采石，慢慢得到乡亲们的响应。大半年过去，牧民们笑逐颜开地住进了新房子。一个崭新的嘎查中流砥柱一般坐落在茫茫的沙海上。<br /> <br /> Near Ulan Aodu is a limestone mountain, where stone can be used for building foundation. When the secretary Gendeng organized people up the mountain for quarrying, unexpectedly there was no response. Don’t people want a decent home？Of course not？But what is the reason？It should date back to the cultural philosophy of Mongolians. In a word, Traditional Mongolian Shamanism believes that nature and man are a whole one and all creatures are equal. They regard the nature with awe and unquestioning obedience. For one thing, they are in awe of the mountain because of the Greater Hinggan mountains. For another thing, herdsmen in Chifeng, influenced by Buddhism for years, believe the endless round of birth and death and the law of Karma traditionally. In people’s minds, it is a holy mountain and should be respected, so no one likes to quarry. How to solve this problem? Won’t building the home become an empty talk？At that time, the secretary heard a story: On the stone mountain are many foxes living in the <br /> holes, one of which is white with long wool and immortal beauty. According to the story, if one lay a finger on it, he will taste the consequences. Therefore, people all dare not get close to the stone mountain when gazing. But it also occurred to the secretary that if it happens, I will suffer the curse so all of you can feel relieved. After that, he himself went up the mountain and saw plenty of foxes. He easily hunted and killed a white fox, and then put its fur on the branches of the village trees. He worked as usual. As time went by, the villagers found there was no sign of damination so that they realized the story was untrue.Secretary Gendeng strikes when the iron is hot, repeatedly trying to persuade the villagers to leave behind the burdens. Moreover, the party members and activists led by him went up mountain for quarrying and then many villagers joined in. After half a year, the herdsmen happily moved into the new houses. A new Gacha sits on a vast sea of land.<br /> <br /> There was a limestone mountain near Ulan Aodu, where stone can be used for building foundation of house. When the secretary Gendeng organized people up to the mountain for quarrying, unexpectedly, nobody responded. Don’t people want a decent home？Of course not. But what was the reason？It should date back to the cultural philosophy of Mongolians. In a word, Traditional Mongolian Shamanism believes that nature and man are in harmony and all creatures are equal. They regarded the nature with awe and unquestioning obedience. For one thing, they were in awe of the mountain because of the Greater Hinggan mountains. For another thing, herdsmen in Chifeng, influenced by Buddhism for years, believed the endless round of birth and death and the law of Karma traditionally. In people’s minds, it was a holy mountain and should be respected, so no one liked to quarry. How to solve this problem? Wouldn’t building the home become an empty talk？At that time, the secretary heard a story: On the stone mountain, there are many foxes living in the <br /> holes, one of which is white with long wool and immortal beauty. According to the story, if one lay a finger on it, he will suffer the consequences. Therefore, people all dare not to get close to the stone mountain when gazing. But it also occurred to the secretary that if it happens, I will suffer the curse so all of you can feel relieved. After that, he himself went up the mountain and saw plenty of foxes. He easily hunted and killed a white fox, and put its fur on the branches of the village trees. He worked as usual. As time went by, the villagers found there was no sign of scourge so that they realized the story was untrue.Secretary Gendeng stroke when the iron was hot, repeatedly tried to persuade the villagers to leave behind the burdens. Moreover, the party members and activists led by him went up to the mountain for quarrying and then many villagers joined in. After half a year, the herdsmen happily moved into the new houses. A new Gacha sat on a vast sea of land.<br /> <br /> ====张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei ====<br /> <br /> 冬天来了，气温在一点点下降，家家户户把牛羊圈起来，用牛粪烧热了火炕，围坐在小炕桌旁，嚼着奶干、奶豆腐、肉干，躲避着窗外的严寒和飞雪。可是老书记说，冷一点，再冷一点，冷得还是不太够……这是为了什么呢？原来，黄沙的侵入，不仅吞没了萋萋芳草，也导致草原上的很多河流断流，地下水下沉。乌兰敖都的房子建起来了，可是吃水的问题还没有解决。平日牧民吃水，饮牛羊，需要到很远的地方去拉水，途中风沙弥漫，烈日严寒，非常艰难。所以，老书记就动了在村里打井的心思。这之前，没有谁见过怎样在沙地里打井，大家毫无经验。天气暖和的季节他们便开工了，那时候打井不比现在有机器施工，全靠人工挖深坑，直到见到地下水，结果由于沙子不停流动，坑没挖多深，就被流沙埋住了，好不容易挡住了流沙，井口又塌方了，人在下面挖土很是危险，随时有被埋住的危险，弄得人们只好长叹一声，放下了手里的工具。<br /> <br /> As winter came, the temperature became low gradually. Each family gathered their cattle and sheep, heated the fire pit with cow’s dung, gathered around the lovely table, chewed dried milk, milk tofu and dried meat, to avoid the severe cold and heavy snow outside the window. However, the secretary said that a little colder, a little more colder, and it was still not cold enough... What was that for? It turned out that the invasion of sand not only engulfed the luxuriant grass, but also caused many rivers on the grassland to stop flowing and the groundwater to sink. The house of Ulan Aodu had been built, but the problem of water drinking had not been solved. On weekdays, for herdsmen to drink water and feed cattle and sheep. They need to go far away to get water.It was a very difficult way because of the wind and sand, the hot sun and cold weather. Therefore, the secretary came up with an idea to dig wells in the village. Before that, no one had ever seen how to drill a well in the desert, and no one had any experience. They started to work in a warm weather. At that time, the well drilling was not that easy as now, nowadays we have machines for construction. They dug the deep pit manually until they saw the groundwater. As the sand kept flowing down, the pit was buried by quicksand before it was dug much deeper. It was not easy to stop the quicksand, and the pithead collapsed again. It was very dangerous for people to dig under it. There was a danger of being buried at any time. So people sighed and put down their tools.<br /> <br /> As winter came, the temperature dropped gradually. Each family gathered their cattle and sheep, heated the fire pit with cow’s dung, gathered around the tiny table, chewed dried milk, milk tofu and dried meat, to shelter the severe cold and heavy snow outside. However, the secretary wanted it to be colder and colder, and thought it was still not cold enough... What was that for? It turned out that the invasion of sand not only engulfed the luxuriant grass, but also caused many rivers on the grassland to stop flowing and the groundwater to sink. The houses of Ulan Aodu had been built, but the problem of drinking water had not been solved. In daily life, herdsmen had to walk far to get water to drink and feed cattle and sheep. It was a very difficult way because of the wind and sand, the hot sun and cold weather. Therefore, the secretary came up with an idea to dig wells in the village. Before that, no one had ever seen how to drill a well in the desert, and no one had any experience. They started to work in a warm weather. At that time, the well drilling was not that easy as now, nowadays we have machines for construction. They dug the deep pit manually until they saw the groundwater. As the sand kept flowing down, the pit was buried by quicksand before it was dug much deeper. It was not easy to stop the quicksand, and the pithead collapsed again. It was very dangerous for people to dig under it. There was a danger of being buried at any time. So people can do nothing but sighed and put down their tools.<br /> <br /> ====张思诗 Zhang Sishi====<br /> <br /> 根登书记知道，水的问题不解决，即使有再好的房子，总有一天，人也不得不带着畜群离开这里，沙地很快会退化为原样，拼着性命创建的一切必将转瞬而逝。老书记就是这么个咬定青山不放松的人，他并没有被困难吓倒，开始组织大家实施冬季打井。别看沙坨子表面松软，两锹铲除浮沙，下面冻得杠杠硬。没有机器，全靠镐头刨，一镐头下去也就一个白茬，大家的手掌虎口都震裂了，打了半个月，也没打到两米深，人们不是失望而是绝望了，甚至流下眼泪。没有水，意味着什么，大家心里都非常清楚。老书记的法宝，就是毛主席的教导。他给大家讲起了愚公移山的故事：“太行、王屋两座大山,四面各七百里,高达七八千丈， 北山脚下有个叫愚公的人,年纪将近九十岁了,面对着山居住，进进出出曲折绕远.于是愚公召集全家人来商量说：“我和你们用尽全力铲平险峻的大山,使它一直通到豫州南部,到达汉水南岸,好吗?”大家纷纷表示赞同他的意见。愚公的妻子提出疑问说：“凭你的力量，怎能把太行、王屋这两座山怎么样呢?况且把土石放到哪里去呢?”大家纷纷说：“把土石扔到渤海的边上,”愚公于是带领三个能挑担子的子孙,凿石头,挖泥土,用箕畚运土送到渤海的边上。邻居的寡妇带着刚七八岁的孤儿,来帮助他们。冬夏换季,才往返一次。<br /> <br /> The secretary Gendeng knows that if the water problem can not be solved, even if there is a good house, one day, people will have to take the herd to leave, the sand will soon degrade to the original apearance, and everything he worked so hard to build will gone in a flash. The old secretary is such a stubborn man who stick to something and won’t let it go. He was not intimidated by the difficulties, and began to organize everyone to implement the drilling well in winter. Although the sandy surface is soft, after two shovels to remove the floating sand, the covered layer began to expose and it was extremely hard. Without machine but only shaved by pickaxe, every pickaxe down brought a white stubble, and everyone's palm tiger mouth are cracked. After playing half a month, It still did not reach two meters deep. People are not disappointed but desperate, and even shed tears. Everyone knew very well in their hearts that no water meant what. The old secretary's magic weapon, is the teaching of Chairman Mao. He told everyone the story of Yugong Yishan: &quot;Taihang, Wangwu two big mountains, are700 miles on all sides, up to 7,000 to 8,000 feet high. At the foot of the northern mountain there is a man named Yugong, nearly 90 years old, living in front of the mountains , in and out of the twists and turns around far. So Yugong called his whole family together and said, &quot;Shall we use our best efforts to level the mountain and make it go all the way to the south of Yuzhou and reach the south bank of the Han River?&quot; Everyone agreed with him. Yugong's wife questioned, &quot;How can you level the two mountains Taihang and Wangwu on your own? Besides, where will you put the earth and stones?&quot; Everyone responded, “We can put them to the side of the Bo Sea.” So Yugong led his three sons and grandsons, who were able to carry burdens, to cut the stones, dig the soil, and carry the soil to the edge of the Bo Sea with skips and dustpans. A neighbor's widow came to help them with her orphaned children, who were just seven or eight years old. In the winter and summer, they only made one round trip.<br /> <br /> The secretary Gendeng knew that if the water problem could not be solved, even if there was the most qualified house, people would have to take the herd to leave at any time, the sand would soon degrade to the original apearance, and everything he worked so hard to acquire would gone in a flash. The old secretary was such a insistent and determined man who won’t be bitten down. He was not intimidated by difficulties, and began to organize everyone to drill well in winter. Although the sandy surface was soft, after two shovels removing the floating sand, the covered layer began to expose and it was extremely hard. There was no machine and people only shaved by pickaxe, every pickaxe down brought a white stubble, and everyone's palm tiger mouth were cracked. After playing half a month, It still did not reach two meters deep. People were not disappointed but desperate, and even shed tears. Everyone knew very well in their hearts that no water meant what. The old secretary's magic weapon, was the teaching of Chairman Mao. He told everyone the story of Yugong Yishan: &quot;Taihang, Wangwu, the two big mountains, are 700 miles on all sides, up to 7,000 to 8,000 feet high. At the foot of the northern mountain there is a man named Yugong, nearly 90 years old, living in front of the mountains , in and out of the twists and turns around far. So Yugong called his whole family together and said, &quot;Shall we put our ultmost efforts to level the mountain and make it go all the way to the south of Yuzhou and reach the south bank of the Han River?&quot; Everyone agreed with him. Yugong's wife questioned, &quot;How can you level the two mountains Taihang and Wangwu on your own? Besides, where will you put the earth and stones?&quot; Everyone responded, “We can put them to the side of the Bohai Sea.” So Yugong led his three sons and grandsons, who were able to carry burdens, to cut the stones, dig the soil, and carry the soil to the edge of the Bohai Sea with skips and dustpans. A neighbor's widow came to help them with her orphaned children, who were just seven or eight years old. During the winter and summer, they only made one round trip.<br /> <br /> ====张婷 Zhang Ting ====<br /> <br /> 河曲的智叟讥笑着阻止愚公说：“你太不聪明了，凭你的余年剩下的力气,连山上的一根草都不能毁掉,又能把泥土和石头怎么样?”北山愚公长叹一声说：“你思想顽固,顽固到不能改变的地步,竟然比不上寡妇和小孩子.即使我死了,还有儿子在呀；儿子又生孙子,孙子又生儿子；子子孙孙是没有穷尽的,可是山不会增高加大,愁什么挖不平?”河曲智叟没有话来回答。<br /> 神听说了这件事,怕愚公不停地挖下去,向天帝报告了这件事。天帝被他的诚心感动,命令夸娥氏的两个儿子背走了两座山”<br /> 大伙说，老书记，你这讲的是个瞎话儿。老书记说不是瞎话儿，是毛主席著作里面写的。不信，我给你们念一念。<br /> <br /> A clever elder in He Qu derided Yu Gong, and he said, “You are far from brightness. You even cannot destroy the root of grass with your remaining strength, not to mention removing soil and rocks.” Yu Gong gave out a long sigh. “You are too stubborn to change your mind, even widows and children do better than you.” He responded, “Even if I died, my sons are still alive. They will have their own sons, and their sons will also have sons. This process is endless, but the mountain will not be higher and huger, why should we worry about removing the mountain?” The clever elder had no words to answer. Hearing this, the gnome was afraid that Yu Gong would continue to dig the mountain, so he reported the issue to the emperor of heaven. The emperor was so touched by Yu Gong’s sincerity that he ordered Kua moths’s two sons to carry away the two mountains.<br /> People said that the old secretary was spinning a yarn. But what the secretary said was not a lie, but what Chairman Mao wrote in his book. If you don’t trust me, I can read it to you.<br /> <br /> “You are far from brightness. Even pulling up a grass with your remaining strength is impossible for you, not to mention removing earth and rocks,” taunted a clever elder in He Qu. Yu Gong sighed heavily, “you are too stubborn to change your mind, even widows and children can do better than you. Even if I died, I still have my sons; they will have their own sons, and their sons will also have sons. I will have countless descendants,” explained Yu Gong, “but the mountain will not be higher and huger, why should we worry about removing the mountain?” The clever elder had no words to answer. Hearing this, the gnome was afraid that Yu Gong would continue to dig the mountain, so he reported the issue to the Jade Emperor. The Jade Emperor was so touched by Yu Gong’s sincerity that he ordered Quae’s two sons to carry away those two mountains.” The villagers argued that the old secretary was spinning a yarn. But the secretary said it was not a made-up story, but what Chairman Mao wrote in his book. He could read it if they didn’t trust him.<br /> <br /> ====张文琦 Zhang Wenqi====<br /> <br /> 一听这是毛主席著作里面说的，大家说，毛主席的话，字字是真理，句句是明灯，我们听！顿时士气大增。大家烧火化冻，编柳条墙挡沙，夜以继日，连续奋战，挖出的沙土越积越高，坑越挖越深，渐渐地，上面看不到井底下的挖井人了。两个月过去了，眼看要过年了，挖下去的坑深达十几米，还是没有见到地下水。人心乱了，人性当中的某些不善开始显现，有人说，根登你这是得罪了长生天了，拐搭着全嘎查人跟着你没水吃，个别人甚至扬言，再不出水，就把根登埋在井底。看到牧民们情绪波动，根登老书记就把人们召集到一起，对大家说，从现在开始我一人下去挖，如果再不出水，你们就把我埋在井底下。正是数九寒天，大雪铺天盖地，吐口唾沫都成冰。我们的老书记根登，系紧了蒙古袍的腰带，把大襟掖到腰带上，手持火把，钻进了黑洞洞的井下。牧民感动了，叹服了，他们死守在井口，无数眼睛紧盯着系在老书记身上的绳子，绳子只要稍微有一刻不动了，他们就吓得汗一把泪一把……突然，那根上面牵着人们的心，下面牵着老书记性命的绳子开始剧烈抖动起来，人们慌了，有人喊起来，不好了出事儿了！也有人喊，快使劲，把根登拽上来，可能是见水了……大家齐心协力，把一个浑身湿漉漉的根登书记，拽了上来。根登书记说进去挖了好久，才见到湿土，最后一镐下去，地下水就像开锅了似地涌了上来。第一眼井就这样打成功了，乌兰敖都人再也不用犯愁了，好日子开始了！<br /> <br /> Hearing that those words were from Mao’s book, people changed their views, saying, “every word of Chairman Mao is truth. We must listen to him!” The morale increased immediately. Then, day after day, people made fires to soften frozen soil, and built walls with weaved wickers to fend against sand. With the sand and soil getting higher and higher, the pit was getting deeper and deeper. Gradually, there could see no well-diggers at the bottom of the well. Two months later, at the time when the new year was approaching, for all ten-meter-deep, still no groundwater was found in the hole. That was so disturbing and unsettling that the evil in human nature began to manifest itself. Some said it was Gen Deng’s affront to the Grassland God that resulted in such a plight that everyone in this village faced with the water shortage. Some even threatened to bury Gen Deng at the bottom of the well if there was still no water gushing. Feeling the emotional fluctuation of herdsmen, Gen Deng, their old secretary, gathered people together and said to them, “From now on, I’m going down and digging alone. If still no water here, you all will bury me at the bottom of the well.”It was the coldest time of the year, snow covering everything, and spit freezing immediately when it came out. After stuffing the long collar into the belt of his Mongolia robe which was tightened, our respected secretary, holding a torch, disappeared in the inky darkness. Touched and admired, these herdsmen stuck to the wellhead and stared at the rope tied to the old secretary with countless eyes. Any standstill would grasp everyone’s heart tightly. Suddenly, the robe, to which people’s hearts and the old secretary’s life tied, shook violently. All men got into a panic. Someone cried that something must have happened to Gen Deng. Another herdsman said maybe water had came out, and they must try their best to pull him up… With joint efforts, a drenched secretary was finally pulled up. Gen Deng recalled he had dug in for a long time before he saw the wet soil. In the wake of the last movement with his pickaxe, the groundwater welled up as if boiling. In this way, Ulan Aodu had its first well. From then on, people there would not worry about water anymore, and it was where their new life started.<br /> <br /> Hearing that those words were from Mao’s book, people turned out to say that every word Chairman Mao said is truth and shows us the way forward, so we must follow his guidance. They are inspired to set fire to thaw the frost, woven wicker walls to keep the sand, day after day. With the sand getting higher and higher, the pit was getting deeper and deeper. Gradually, there could see no well-diggers at the bottom of the well. Two months later, at the time when the new year was approaching, for all ten-meter-deep, still no groundwater was found in the hole. It was so disturbing and unsettling that the evil in human nature began to manifest itself. Some said it was Gen Deng’s affront to the Grassland God that resulted in such a plight that everyone in this village faced with the water shortage. Some even threatened to bury Gen Deng at the bottom of the well if there was still no water. Seeing that, Gen Deng, their old secretary, gathered people together and said to them, “From now on, I will dig alone. If still no water here, you all will bury me at the bottom of the well.&quot; It was the coldest time of the year, snow covering everything, and spit freezing immediately when it came out. Our secretary, fastening the belt of his Mongolia robe and tucking the front into it, went down into the dark hole with a torch in his hand. Touched and admired, these herdsmen stuck to the wellhead and stared at the rope tied to the old secretary. Any standstill would grasp everyone’s heart tightly. Suddenly, the robe, to which people’s hearts and the old secretary’s life tied, shook violently. All men got into a panic. Someone cried that something must have happened to Gen Deng. Others shouted, “Pull Gen Deng out of the water!” With joint efforts, a drenched secretary was finally pulled up. Gen Deng recalled he had dug in for a long time before he saw the wet soil. In the wake of the last movement with his pickaxe, the groundwater gushed up like a boiling pot. In this way, Ulan Aodu had its first well. From then on, people there would not worry about water anymore, and it was where their new life started.<br /> <br /> ====周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan====<br /> <br /> 讲到这里，僧格苏木达非常激动。他带着我们来到当年老书记当年打下的这口井前。<br /> 如今虽然自来水早已通到了家家户户，但是这口井依然被乌兰敖都人精心保护着，我俯身往下一看，井深处一泓碧水，倒映着宁静的天空。僧格说，我们的老书记，就是这样一个可敬可爱的人，就是这样一个一心为民的共产党员，他老人家虽然已经故去多年，但是他的精神从来都没有离开这片土地。老师您在嘎查里随便走走，每一个乌兰敖都人都会告诉你老书记的故事。<br /> 僧格接着说，有这样的老书记在前面做榜样，老百姓时常是要在心里比一比的，他们手里的标尺就是老书记。所以，在阿什罕这个地方干工作，我们必须不忘初心，牢记使命，扎扎实实，拿真章，出新招，让广大群众不仅经济上脱贫致富，还要他们扩视野，开脑洞，就像当年跟着老书记治沙一样，让大家紧紧地围绕在党和政府周围，落实政策，获得收益。<br /> <br /> In talking about this,the monk Su Muda was very excited and led us to the well that the former secretary had dug. Now the tap water has been flowing to each and every family, but the well is still carefully protected by the people of Ulan Aodu. I bent down to see a deep well of clear water, reflecting the blue sky. “Our old secretary was such a respectable and lovely party member who served the people wholeheartedly. Although he has been dead for many years, his spirit has inspired generations after generations. Taking a walk here, you will hear everyone tell the story of our secretary. With such an secretary as the example, the people always compared their leaders with the secretary. Therefore, working in Ashham, we must stay true to our original purposes and keep our missions in mind, taking results-oriented and innovative approaches to help the masses not only get out of poverty, but also expand their vision and imagination. Just as the old secretary has done in the desertification control, we need to keep people closely around the CPC and the government, effectively implement policies and benefit all the people,” said the monk.<br /> <br /> Now Sengge Sudamu was very excited. He led us to the well the former secretary had dug. Even though now the tap water has been accessible to every family, the well is still carefully protected by the people of Ulan Aodu. I bent down to perceive the clear water in the bottom reflecting the azure sky. &quot;Our old secretary was such a respectable and lovely man and contributing Party member who served the people wholeheartedly. Although he has been passed away for many years, his spirit has inspired each and every generation. Taking a walk here, you will hear everyone telling you the story of our secretary. Such a secretary is always the measure of the behaviour of the following cadres. Therefore, working in Ashham, we must stay true to our original aspiration and keep our missions in mind, we should take solid actions to help with not only poverty alleviation but also enlightenment of people. We need to build a strong bond between people and the Party and the Government as it was back in the Old Secretary's reign and effectively implement the policies to benefit all the people.&quot; the monk said.<br /> <br /> ====周子豪 Zhou Zihao====<br /> <br /> 他告诉我，阿什罕苏木总土地面积为一百四十五万亩，其中沙地一百一十七万亩。三十多年以来，苏木历届党政班子，面对严峻的现实，都是以老书记为榜样，将生态建设作为刻不容缓的工作来抓。老书记就像一颗红星，闪耀在阿什罕人的小康之路的前方。人进沙退，阿什罕人在在沙地上的征战，一刻都没有停止。<br /> 随着僧格苏木达的引导，我走进了展馆，也走进了那些在历史中依然熠熠闪光故事，每一个展品，每一张图片，都在为我讲述着当年那个手捧红星，甘洒热血书写草原新篇的老书记，讲述着那些在风沙中顽强地睁着眼睛，在故乡的土地上流血流汗的乌兰敖都人。<br /> 1951年9月9日，毛泽东主席在北京主持召开了全国第一次农业互助合作会议，讨论并通过了《中共中央关于农业生产互助的决议(草案)》，要求各级党委根据生产发展的需要和可能的条件，按照积极发展，稳步前进的方针和自愿互利的原则，逐步引导农民走集体化道路。这个《决议(草案)》，是党的第一个关于农业合作化的纲领性文件，在1953年3月修改后，正式公开发表。映入我眼帘的第一张图片，就是这个文件的放大版。<br /> <br /> He told me that among the total 1.45 million Mu land area of Ashham, sandy lands occupies 1.17 million Mu. For the past over thirty years each and every leading group of Ashham, despite of the harshing reality, has been taking the Old Secretary as the model to put priority to the ecosystem-protection. The Old Secretary is like a red star shedding lights on the road of people of Ashham towards prosperity. Only when man moves forward may the sandy land be fought back. Such landgrabbing combats has never ended there. With the guidance of Sengge I entered the exhibition hall to read the glowing stories in the history. Every ware and every picture there seemed to tell me the story of not only the Old Secretary who was holding the red star and breaking sweat to create the new history of Ashham but people of Ulan Aodu who tenaciously openned their eyes in the sandy storm to change theri homeland. On the first National Convention of Agricultural Cooperation held by Chairman Mao on the 9th September 1951 in Beijing, the Draft Resolution of Agricultural Cooperation of China was discussed and passed, requiring that the every level of the Party Committee, taking the local demand of development and the feasibility into consideration, lead farmers towards the pratise of collective module with the policy of proactive and steady development and the principle the voluntary and mutual benefits. The Draft Resolution, officially published after its amendation in March of 1953, is the first key document discussing agricultural coorperation. In the exhibition hall the first picture that came into my view was the amplifying version of the document.<br /> <br /> He told me that the total land area of Ashhan Sumu is 1450000 mu, including 1170000 mu of sandy land. Over the past 30 years, all previous party and government groups in Sumu, facing the grim reality, have taken the old secretary as an example and taken ecological construction as an urgent task. The old secretary is like a red star, shining in front of the well-off road of Ashhan people. The people advance and retreat, and the Ashkhan people never stop fighting on the sand for a moment.With the guidance of Sengge Sumuda, I walked into the exhibition hall and the stories that still shine in history. Every exhibit and picture tells me about the old secretary who held the red star in his hand and was willing to shed blood to write a new chapter on the grassland, and about the Wulan Aodu people who opened their eyes tenaciously in the wind and sand and shed blood and sweat on the land of their hometown.On September 9, 1951, Chairman Mao Zedong chaired the first National Conference on Mutual Assistance and Cooperation in Agriculture in Beijing, and discussed and adopted the Draft Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Mutual Assistance in Agricultural Production, requiring Party committees at all levels to develop actively and steadily in accordance with the needs and possible conditions of production development. Gradually guide the peasants to take the road of collectivization. This (draft) resolutionIt was the first programmatic document of the Party on agricultural cooperation, which was revised in March 1953 and officially published. The first image I saw was an enlarged version of the document.<br /> <br /> ====庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====<br /> <br /> 老书记根登同志正是以党中央这个决议为指路明灯，带领十八户贫苦牧民于1952年4月1日办起了中国第一个畜牧业合作社———乌兰敖都牧业社。他带领全体党员，通过认真细致的群众思想工作，先后发动五十余户，三百余人参加到合作社中来，把牧户土地、草牧场等整合划归到一起，将各家的牛、羊、车、马、农具等作价入股，共同经营，年终按股金分红；并根据社员劳动质量实行评工记分制，到年末，合作社除去生产费、农业税和提取的公益金、公积金后，按工分来分红。据记载，合作社集体收益最多时能够达二十万元。在根登书记的引领带动下，这个合作社为模范样板，翁牛特旗陆续办起了十二个这样的畜牧业生产合作社。1955年, 毛泽东亲笔为《翁牛特旗建立了十二个畜牧业生产合作社,使牲畜大为发展起来》这篇文章写了按语，“这一篇写得很好,可供一切畜牧业合作社参考”。1956年这篇文章载入了《中国农村的社会主义高潮》一书，1958年，国务院授予乌兰敖都畜牧业合作社“农业社会主义建设先进单位”荣誉称号。<br /> <br /> With this resolution of the Party Central Committee as a guiding light, Comrade Gendeng, the old secretary, led 18 poor herdsmen to set up the first animal husbandry cooperative in China, the Wulan Aodu Animal Husbandry Cooperative on April 1, 1952.He led all Party members, through careful and meticulous ideological work of the masses, to mobilize more than 50 households and more than 300 people to participate in the cooperative, to integrate the land and pasture of herdsmen, to share the cattle, sheep, cars, horses and farm tools of each household, to operate together, and to pay dividends at the end of the year; At the end of the year, the cooperative will pay dividends according to the work points after removing the production fee, agricultural tax and the public welfare fund and accumulation fund drawn.According to records, the collective income of cooperatives can reach 200,000 yuan at most. Under the leadership of Secretary Gendeng, this cooperative is a model, and Wengniute Banner has set up 12 such animal husbandry production cooperatives one after another. In 1955, Mao Zedong personally wrote a note to the article &quot;Wengniute Banner Established Twelve Animal Husbandry Production Cooperatives, Which Greatly Developed Livestock&quot;, &quot;This article is well written and can be used as a reference for all animal husbandry cooperatives&quot;.In 1956, this article was included in the book &quot;Socialist Upsurge in China's Rural Areas&quot;, and in 1958, the State Council awarded Wulan Aodu Animal Husbandry Cooperative the honorary title of &quot;Advanced Unit of Agricultural Socialist Construction&quot;.<br /> <br /> ==== 颜琦 Yan Qi ====<br /> <br /> 我看到了毛泽东在这篇文章上的亲笔批示影印件，一种久久埋藏在心底的深情升腾而起，不由我眼里满含热泪。全心全意为人民服务，人民群众的幸福生活，是中国共产党人为之浴血奋战的伟大理想！战争年代结束了，新的国家诞生了，在毛泽东那流畅遒劲的书法中，一笔一划无不让我感到，我们党的伟大领袖，这个将自己一切都无私奉献给了中国老百姓的人，当他看到中国的农牧民终于走上了社会主义光明大道的时候，那种喜上眉梢，豪情澎湃的心情。<br /> 根登书记带领乌兰敖都人创造了很多第一。为了保障冬季牲畜的饲草料，他首创了夏秋围封牧场的做法，把繁茂的牧草留到冬季，解决了由来已久的牲畜过冬难的问题。从1956年春，根登书记开始带领牧民进行治沙大会战，全靠手工挖地播种，种下抗沙植物八百亩，在沙漠造林一千亩 ，将三千亩流动沙丘改造成为优良草牧场，并在沙地上栽植了枣树，葡萄，苹果等经济林，使乌兰敖都成为大沙地上第一个绿色的亮点，也通过绿化后的沙地为牧民们赢得了可喜的收入。<br /> <br /> Seeing the copy of Mao Zedong's handwriting in the article, I have an emotional feeling that's been hidden in my heart for long and now brings tears to my eyes. Serving people heart and soul to maintain people's happy life is a great ambition for which members of the Communist Party of China are striving. With the ending of wars, a new country was founded. When I saw the smooth and strong handwriting of Mao, I can see from every stroke that the man who is the great leader of the party and dedicates himself to the Chinese people, was brimmed over happiness, pride and excitement, when he saw that Chinese peasants are shifting into a bright path of socialism. <br /> Secretary Gendeng guided the people in Wulanaodu to win numerous firsts. To ensure the forage of the livestock, he fenced off the grassy meadows of the ranch in summer and autumn. Long existing problems of livestock's suffering from lack of feed in winter had been solved. Since the spring of 1956, Secretary Gendeng took people to begin the campaign of sand control. They changed the shifting dunes into a fine pasture and planted economic trees of dates, grapes and apples on the sand, which made Wulanaodu the first green landmark in the wide range of sand. Herders also made considerable profits from the greened land.<br /> <br /> Seeing the copy of Mao Zedong's handwriting in the article, I have an emotional feeling that's been hidden in my heart for long and that now brings tears to my eyes. Serving people heart and soul to maintain people's happy life is a great ambition for which members of the Communist Party of China strive. With the ending of wars, a new country was founded. When I saw the smooth and strong handwriting of Mao, I could see from every stroke that the man, the great leader of the Party, who dedicated himself to the Chinese people, was brimmed over happiness, pride, and excitement when he saw that Chinese peasants were shifting into a bright path of socialism. <br /> Secretary Gendeng guided the people in Wulanaodu to have made lots of new creations. To ensure the livestock's forage, he fenced off the grassy meadows of the ranch in summer and autumn. Long-existing problems of livestock's suffering from lack of feed in winter have been solved. In the spring of 1956, Secretary Gendeng took people to begin the campaign of sand control. They changed the shifting dunes into a fine pasture and planted economic trees of dates, grapes, and apples on the sand, which made Wulanaodu the first green landmark in the wide range of sand. Herders also made considerable profits from the greened land.<br /> *Go to last section of the translation: [[Chunfeng_EN_1]]<br /> *Go to next section of the translation: [[Chunfeng_EN_3]]</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Chunfeng_EN_2&diff=148934 Chunfeng EN 2 2022-10-24T15:05:52Z <p>Li Hong: /* 李鸿 Li Hong */</p> <hr /> <div>This is also the page of the translation homework, which is part of the homework for Oct 28, 2022 for the MA course [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022]]. Please look for your name and do the translation and the correction of the foregoing paragraph of your fellow student.<br /> <br /> *Back to the [[Book_projects]]<br /> *For the students of the MA class [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022]]: The Wiki Admin will distribute the paragraphs to you and indicate your names beneath in the text. The Wiki admin will add the student names.<br /> *For the students of the BA class [[Translation Theory ZH-DE 2022]]: Please select another book project, which is translated into German. The Wiki admin will add the student names.<br /> <br /> This page originally only contained the Chinese text. Now the English translation is added. Therefore the page gets too long and may exceed the database space for each webpage one day. In order to avoid this, the text now is split into 5 sections. You can jump directly to the sections here:<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN]] with discussion table / list of terms<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_1]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_2]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_3]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_4]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_5]]<br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> =Please write your homework directly down here=<br /> Just click on the edit button behind your name and add the English translation as a seperate paragraph, separated by blank line. <br /> <br /> When you have finished writing your homework, please do not forget to click the &quot;save&quot; button and type in the password &quot;wikicaptcha&quot;.<br /> <br /> Also, please correct the translation of the fellow student above you by pasting a 2nd English paragraph beneath.<br /> <br /> Commonly used terms or terms that appear frequently or are important or ambiguous, please list them alphabetically in the list of terms on the page [[Chunfeng_EN]], that helps the other students to use a standardized translation for them.<br /> <br /> <br /> ====白婷 Bai Ting====<br /> <br /> 林保森感觉自己在最贴近土地的农舍里听了一堂深刻而充满力量的党课，从此姜海山老爷子成了他学习的榜样，也成了他深深依恋的忘年交。隔一段时间，林保森就会去看看老爷子，和他聊聊天，唠唠村里的大事小情。姜海山老爷子，一直话语不多，但是关键时刻却可以动真章，后来，在全国上下抵抗疫情的时刻，他挺身而出，作为共产党员，甘当自愿者，一个人承包十几户人家的网格化管理，战斗在守护家园的第一线，令人敬仰赞叹。<br /> 林保森知道自己应该行动了，就像当初姜海山老爷子，1948年在热河老家穿上黄土布军装时那样，心里豪情满满，勇气倍增。<br /> “修井问题是村里多年不能解决的老大难问题，也是两不愁三保障中的硬指标，可总是问一问，答一答，不问便没有了回应，涉及的各方面总是各持一词，都说自己有难处，我也不知道问题到底出在哪里，村上？乡里？施工队？<br /> <br /> Lin Baosen felt he had listened to a profound and powerful party lecture in the farmhouse closest to the land. Since then, old man Jiang Haishan has become a role model to learn from and a cross-age friend to whom he was deeply attached. Every once in a while, Lin would visit the Don and chat with him about the village affairs. Jiang Haishan, though a man of few words, can take action at the critical moment. Later, he came forward in the national resistance to the epidemic. As a Communist, Jiang Haishan, willing to volunteer, contracted grid management for more than a dozen households, fighting in the front line to protect their homes, which was admirable. Lin Baosen realized that he should make a move, just like what Jiang had done in 1948 when he put on a military uniform of ocher cloth in his hometown of Rehe. Lin Baosen was full of pride and courage. &quot;Work-over is a long-standing problem that the village has been unable to solve for many years,&quot; Lin said. &quot;And it is also an unalterable quota of 'Two Assurances, Three Guarantees' (rural poor people are free from worries over food and clothing and have access to compulsory education, basic medical services, and safe housing). However, there is always a question followed by an answer, and there is no response without asking. All aspects involved always stick to their arguments, saying that they have some trouble. I don't know where it goes wrong, village, countryside, or construction team?<br /> <br /> ====蔡思 Cai Si====<br /> <br /> 我决定抛开各方面自己追办这件事，通知了村上交电费，然后直接联系施工人员，定下具体施工时间，然后跟施工人员从天山镇出发，一路追随，在阿旗'一日游',先后跟到新民乡，巴彦花、乌兰哈达，盯着他们干完每一项工程，领着他们来到高家段，忙碌一上午，终于使得高家段和西联两个自然村试水成功，对于井已经干了的西靠山、新太平两个自然村，只能重新再打一眼井。<br /> 当我回村的时候，在村口遇到了郑力芳老人，他握着我的手一遍遍地说，太感谢你们了，太感谢你们了。”<br /> “四个村整体的自来水工程定标结束， 张福中标，此时自来水施工已经完成，招标的岗位是自来水管理员，因为涉及到刚刚选举结束后各矛盾纠纷，所以很多人想争这个岗位，但最终没敢参与，我向张福那么公开地，大张旗鼓地表达祝贺，其实是代表期待通水的村民表达谢意，也是在公开地挺他 。这时候有个村民突然带着怒气，跑来大骂，一口一句脏话，我替书记阻挡，未成，回头劝村主任离开。这个人见状立刻冲我来了。我知道，他哥哥落选村主任，他心里有怨气。其实他没有什么证据，开口就胡嚷嚷——这事儿不公正，不透明。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====陈婧 Chen Jing====<br /> <br /> 我拿出材料，一一回答他——程序公开透明，村代会通过，中标者已经公示，他混搅，说不知道，我说那你回家问问你媳妇，她参加会了，具体情况她应该是知道得一清二楚的。<br /> 这人不听，反而变本加厉，说你们工作队和两委是一伙儿的，竟摆出要动手的架势。<br /> 实在没有忍住，我也拍案而起：‘村委会不是你撒野的地方，当初老百姓吃不上水的时候，你哪里去了？找不到施工队的时候你哪里去了？我费劲巴力地找来了施工队，你就来闹事儿了，我告诉你，我和你不一样，我是有底线的，如果有什么你说的猫腻，我第一个不让！但是容不得你来捣乱！’没想到这一喊，他立即蔫了……不过，还真不能搞僵关系，对以后开展工作不利，他的身后可能有一个宗亲。后来，我的一个学生家里请客，他哥哥在场，我手拉着手跟他喝酒，酒喝透了，话也说透了，一直把他送回家，他们一族也就不再疏远我们了。” 林保森《一箩筐》。<br /> <br /> I took out the bidding materials and answered his questions one by one—the bidding procedure was open and transparent; the Conference of Deputies of Villagers approved the result and the successful bidder has already been publicized. He deliberately said he didn't know about it. I said, you can go back home to ask your wife as she attended the meeting and she should exactly know the explicit situation. This guy didn't listen to me and became even more aggressive. You working party along with the two committees are in the same boat, he said and even acted like ready for a fight. I really couldn't stand him and stand up angrily:&quot;The Village Committee office is not the place you can behave atrociously. Where were you when our folks couldn't get water in the first place? Where did you go when we couldn't find the construction team? I went to all such lengths to find a construction team, and you came to make trouble. Listen, I'm not like you. I have a bottom line. If there is any dirty trick like you said, I would be the first one to resist it. But we cannot tolerant that you mess up here!&quot; Out of my anticipation, he immediately wilted after I shouted... However, I couldn't really break with him, which is unfavorable for my subsequent work because behind him is probably a clan. Later in a family treat of one of my students, his brother was present. I drank with him hand in hand. We got drunken completely, we talked frankly and I sent him home lastly. After that, the clan of them no longer estranged from us.<br /> <br /> ====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====<br /> <br /> 交谈中，林保森告诉我，乱麻一团，总有最关键的那几根，找到了拽出来，其它麻团就迎刃而解了。高家段，关键就是因为一个穷字，所以人人在利益上锱铢必较，人人觉得活得不安稳，老百姓拿什么求安稳呢，土地、补助而已。所以每一次有关利益的分配，都可能是导火索，加上村中错综复杂的人际关系起作用，矛盾和冲突，便周而复始，愈演愈烈，自己遇到的，不过是几个小火星。扶贫先扶志，贫穷和愚昧是孪生兄弟，人的精神提升，往往于他本身存在的状况有关。<br /> “除了养驴，高家段村还有什么项目可以致富呢？投入不能太大，尤其要考虑到贫困户的劳动能力可以承受，我找了旗里的科技指导员，检测了村里的土质，得知适合种枣树。便发动爱心人士捐助，买回来一千五百棵枣树苗，每个贫苦户分给十棵，(其他人家每户五棵，长住户家家有份)，让他们在院子里种植。在广播通知以后，大家来取树苗了。所有的人都挑棵大叶多的树苗拿，随手便把小棵的四处乱扔，真不知道该说什么好，心里暗暗生气。一边告诉自己沉住气，一边收拾起被乱扔的小棵树苗，放到土坑里，给晚来的村民保存着，我想到了明年结果的时候，村民们就会发现有苗不愁长，树苗棵大棵小并不影响它们长成满枝硕果的大树，他们也会为今天的行为内疚。要么，在全村枣树都开花的时候，领着大家到各家看看，交流一下栽种枣树的经验，顺便提今天发树苗时一些人的行为，效果比现在直接训斥大家效果好……在村里工作，不能操之过急，不能期望一步迈进新时代。”林保森《一箩筐》。<br /> <br /> Between our conversation, Lin Baosen told me there are some visible threads in a tangle, and the difficulty will be smoothly solved as we find the threads and pull them out. The people in Gaojiaduan village haggle every penny and live restless life just because of poverty. What do they depend on for a steady life？Only the land and subsides. So every allocation about profits may become a trigger, and the complicated interpersonal relationship in this country makes the conflict worse and even a vicious circle. So what I have met are only a small part of these conflicts. Establishing a high aspiration in these villagers' hearts is the first step of poverty alleviation. Poverty and ignorance are the twin, so the progress of one's spiritual world is connected with his existing condition. Besides raising donkeys, what project can help this country achieve prosperity? Moreover, the input should not be too large, especially considering that the labor ability of the poor households can bear. I talked with the science and technology instructor in this Banner, who helped detect the soil texture and told me the soil is suitable for jujube trees. Later on , I mobilized the good-hearted peole to donate money, which was used to buy jujube saplings. Ten jujube seedlings were given to each poverty-stricken family (five to others, and each resident household had a share), and they were asked to plant the saplings in their yard. The villagers came to fetch the saplings after the broadcast notification. Everyone picked the big and leafy ones, throwing the small ones everywhere. I didn't know what to say and felt pissed off. I told myself to calm down while picked up the small ones and put them into the pit, perseving them well for the late people. I think of next year's scenario, the villagers will find that there is no need to worry about growing saplings, because saplings big or small does not affect their growth into fruitful trees, and they will also feel guilty for today's behavior. Or, when all the jujube trees bloom, I will take all the villagers around village and let them share the experience of planting jujubes. What's more, I will mention their behaviors today, which can lead a better effect than scolding them right now......Working in a village asks me to be patient and not to expect to step up into a new era at one stroke.<br /> <br /> ====陈思阳 Chen Siyang====<br /> <br /> “贫困户张琢隋海英一家，生活困难到了没有办法坚持下去的程度，一直在为他们想办法， 给隋海英 安排了一个公益扫街岗位，每月收入七百八十元，后来想给他们家落实一个家庭养殖项目，发现投入太大，又探讨种地项目，要种不能种一般作物，那样收入太低，最后，从周边村子引进了种豆角的项目，可以获得相对丰厚的收入。但是隋海英家的地需要浇灌，没有电，拉电，需要贷款。知道隋海英两口子都是踏踏实实过日子的人，不会半途而废，于是通过关系找到农商银行的办公室主任，人家回答说由于种种原因，现在扶贫贷款还没有放，我找了行长，说明了种植季节不等人的情况，得到了特批，我帮着隋海英办了手续，拿到了贷款，又去电力公司，讲好价格，直到看着工人给他家地里安好了浇灌系统，看着他们夫妻种下的豆角一天天出苗结荚，接着又帮助他家吸收村民来摘豆角，这样既帮了他家的忙，又使摘豆角的村民每天有一百二十元的收入。看来种豆角是个值得推广的好选项，今年由于买豆角架竹竿，隋海英两口子到手现金不多，但是明年就好了，一是不用投入竹竿钱了，而是其他人家也要学她家种豆角，村里凑够五十亩，就有烘干厂来地里直接收购，不用费时费钱出去找买主了，想想，我都替他们家高兴……”林保森《新一箩筐》<br /> <br /> <br /> ====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====<br /> <br /> 我们在高家段村外的田地边等候到镇里办事的林保森。赤峰的十月下旬，已经下过了几场小雪，蔬菜已经罢园，地里的庄稼进了场院，大地呈现不同层次的暖色调，有一种油画般的美。他来了，个子不高，脸上带着温和微笑，略显腼腆，给人的感觉很随和。恰巧路旁是个贫困户夫妻开的五金及农机应用商店，小铺不大。老板夫妇不认识我们，见了林书记，立马热络起来，我们只得站住脚，听他们和林保森絮叨生意状况。村里人有什么话愿意跟第一书记唠，因为第一书记比较贴心。后来证明我的这个直觉没错。<br /> 进村，我要求到工作队的驻地看看，林保森说，欢迎，就是有点乱。我说看的就是乱。<br /> 扶贫攻坚驻村干部每天有一百元的生活补贴，用于伙食、住房、交通等等，算是基本够用。但是一般情况下，有三件事是花销比较多的，就是来回到旗里开会、东跑西颠为贫困户和村里张罗求助、自掏腰包帮助贫困户。所以驻村工作队的生活是很简朴的。<br /> <br /> ====丁粤 Ding Yue====<br /> <br /> 高家段驻村工作队租用的是一户村民的旧房，带一个小院套，对面屋，中间部分用现在的话说算是个厅，厅里面被一个塑料拉门隔为厨房。我走进厨房，看到地上有两个大缸，一个装着新积的酸菜，一个装着刚刚腌下的芥菜疙瘩，都装得冒尖满，每个缸上都压着一块大石头。卧室里的炕是新盘的，一摸暖烘烘的。我说，你们还会积酸菜呀？林保森略带自豪地告诉我，我们哪里有这手艺，这都是上礼拜六，乡亲们帮着弄的，一来好几个人，七手八脚就搞定了，炕也是他们找来村里的盘炕老把式帮着重新盘的，老乡说，在外面忙乎一天，晚上睡个热炕，什么病乏都驱走了。<br /> 我说你们人缘不错呀？林保森说，现在好了，老乡们知道咱们是实心实意为他们来的，有感情了。<br /> 在厨房的外面，对面屋的中间，有一张办公桌，上面放着笔记本电脑和一些文具，庄重地摆放着一面国旗，一面党旗，鲜艳夺目，把整个环境都提亮了。这是林保森的第二个办公处。桌子面对的墙上，有一个全村扶贫进度一览表，按着时间和姓名，所有扶贫对象的收入状况，身体状况，亟待解决的问题，皆可以从上面查找到。<br /> 最吸睛是这张图上疏疏密密地的小贴士。哪一家需要解决的问题，都写在小贴士上，用大头针按在这一家的格子里。当我结束采访不久，收到了林保森发来的文件，写明了这些问题最终的办理结果。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====付静 Fu Jing====<br /> <br /> 一、高景林与朱荣仓一卡通问题。 <br /> <br /> Mistakes in Gao Jinglin’s and Zhu Rongcang’s all-in-one cards<br /> <br /> 因高景林与朱荣仓二人在系统里错误显示身份证号相同，所以近几年二人一卡通打卡各种补贴费用，都被打到其中一人卡上，高景林的卡上未收到任何款项，找了几次之后也没找明白，我到乡财政所，调取了他们帐号记录之后，请财政所长给他们进行了更改，把属于高景林的各种款项，转给了他本人，后续的账户变更问题，也相继给变更好了。 <br /> <br /> Mr.Gao did not receive any money in his card all these years because all kinds of government subsidies to him had been sent to Mr. Zhu’s card, due to a mistaken display of their same national identification numbers in the system.I tried many times but still could not work it out. Therefore, I went to the township finance office, retrieved account records of the two and asked the finance director to transfer to Gao what belonged to him before changing his account information.<br /> <br /> 二、岳珠祥对收入不认可不签字<br /> <br /> Yue Zhuxiang’s rejection of signing on his revenue confirmation<br /> <br /> 我们测算收入的时候，他对自己家收入没有完全透明公开，而我们在测算中发现了这个问题，所以他对我们的测算结果，就是不签字，我当时说自己上他们家去做工作，没想到去了几次都做不通工作，在申明了相关政策法规之后，他才最终认可签字。 <br /> <br /> When measuring revenues,we found that Mr. Yue covered his revenue up and we made it right.But he did not accept the result and refused to sign on the paper.So I decided to persuade him in person and visited him for several times.But it did not work until I stated relevant policies and regulations.<br /> <br /> 三、钟爱臣与邻居家庭院经济纠纷 <br /> <br /> The economic dispute between Zhong Aichen and his neighbour over a shared ridge<br /> <br /> 这是我入村遇到的第一个问题，钟爱晨与邻居家因为地里的一条垄，打得不可开交，都说这条垄是自己家的，我们把他们找到一起，协调了很多次，要求他们双方各退一步，中间公共的一条垄，谁也不种，纠纷才算得以解决。<br /> <br /> This was the first challenge I met after working in the village. Mr. Zhong and his neighbor had been fighting hard against each other for a shared ridge which both of them claimed as their own.We called them together to coordinate their contradiction for many times, asking them to meet each other half way by promising not to plant on the ridge as a resolution.<br /> <br /> 四、西靠山75号张宏礼因骨折花费3万多<br /> <br /> Zhang Hongli’s bone fractures<br /> <br /> 已经为他申请临时救助。<br /> <br /> Mr. Zhang, living at No.75 in Xikaoshan Village,cost RMB 30,000 for the treatment of his bone fractures and we have applied for a temporary relief fund for him.<br /> <br /> 五、罗殿君之女罗小丽煤补问题<br /> <br /> The &quot;missing&quot; coal subsidy to Luo Xiaoli,Luo Dianjun’s daughter<br /> <br /> 罗殿君多次找到村部和驻地，说他女儿的煤补一直未发放，后来我到乡财政所给他调取了一卡通记录，其中显示煤补已经打到他家的一卡通，我把记录交给他，他才消除心中疑虑。<br /> <br /> Mr. Luo visited the village hall and the town government for many times, reporting that his daughter had not received her coal subsidy.After that, I went to the township finance office and retrieved all the records of all-in-one cards of his family, which showed that the money had been sent to one of those cards.I gave him the records and removed his doubts.<br /> <br /> ====高燕 Gao Yan====<br /> <br /> 六、罗殿臣家房子问题<br /> 罗殿臣家本来就是土房，因为下雨外面墙皮脱落，西北墙角处有一个洞，漏雨漏风。因为他家是贫困户，我就联系乡政府和施工队，给他进行了免费维修。<br /> 七、高志辉孩子意外伤害住院问题<br /> 村民高志辉家孩子因为热水烫伤，没办任何手续就去了赤峰市医院，花销较大，我就主动帮他们联系了医保局，通过稽核股王股长为他们办理了报销手续。<br /> 八、毕武廷老人危改进行时<br /> 毕武廷老人的房子是危房，年久失修，我们做通她儿女的工作，子女出一部分资金，财政补贴一部分资金，为老人进行了危房改造，我当天到现场去的时候，施工人员正在施工。<br /> 九、张子斌与旗车检所事宜，好事，咨询是否能扩大范围。<br /> 车检所在我们村设立了一个扶贫岗位，确定了张子斌老人，我想和他们老板再沟通一下，看能不能增加名额，再解决一个岗位给贫困户，没办成 。<br /> 十、王翠花申请低保（张军母亲） <br /> 王翠花老人从天山镇搬回到村里居住，向我们申请低保。我从她嘴里得知杜红军家的姨妈，已经搬到他家，而且是瘫痪多年，需要重点关注。<br /> <br /> ====关娜 Guan Na====<br /> <br /> 十一、乡政府召开了关于小额信贷的会议。<br /> 给尤桂清上报，他老伴儿孟相如符合条件。<br /> 十二、张红新的孩子欲去天山幼儿园就读。<br /> 我为他家儿子联系了一所天山幼儿园上学的名额。<br /> 十三、张明国老爷子的社保卡<br /> 张明国老爷子七十多岁了，社保卡遗失，所有补贴都没办法支取，儿女都不在身边，他很着急，却没办法补办。他和我说完之后，我去了农商银行，我表明了高家段村第一书记身份，并且说明了老爷子的具体情况，工作人员很支持我们的扶贫工作，允许我替他代办了一张，当我把卡交给老爷子的时候，他特别感动。<br /> 十四、张臣的大病申请 <br /> 张臣老人因为患心脏病，我到医保局三次 ，医保局负责办理这事儿的董威，很热心地帮助我办理完所有手续。<br /> 十五、刘晓明家庭农场办理事宜，待出证。<br /> 我鼓励全村的种养大户注册家庭农场，享受政策补贴。只要他们申请，我全程负责办理， 我们村现已成功注册了四个家庭农场，其中刘晓明家庭农场是全旗第一个种植业家庭农场。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====<br /> <br /> 十六、胡占明老伴办残疾证问题<br /> 胡占明老伴常年卧床，现在办理残疾证需要当面审核，我咨询了残联对于卧床老人的政策，残联当时没有答复，后来告知，必须到医院进行鉴定，后来子女带老人进行了鉴定，为她办理了残疾人手续。<br /> 十七、毕晓光危墙很危险！<br /> 我们在村子里发现毕晓光家厢房外墙有坍塌危险，对于路过的人来说非常危险，于是找到他母亲通知他，催促其及时进行修复整改。<br /> 十八、陈术丰欲变更低保等级，待动态时，咨询。<br /> 陈术丰的妻子王广琴因患乳腺癌花销巨大，他申请提高低保等级，后来在低保动态调整时，我们向乡政府提出了申请，给他提高了级别。<br /> ……<br /> <br /> ====侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====<br /> <br /> 在林保森驻村宿舍办公桌前墙壁上的表格上，诸如此类的小贴士还有很多，不胜枚举。值得说明的是，前面黑体字下面的那些楷体文字，是在我离开以后的半年内，他办好一件事，就注明的上去的。我算了一下账，如果这些小贴士上的每件事需要跑乡里、旗里三趟，那就需要五十多趟，如果他们每三天能办成一件事，那么他就操作五十多天，再加上常规性的调检查、回报、研究项目、接受上级考评等等诸多事情，可以一说他必须每天都要于时间赛跑。也可以换一种切入角，即我们随机点击一下表格上的某一天，都会发现林保森的那一天很忙，无疑在与时间赛跑，他交给自己的任务很繁重，他的每一天都很辛苦，也很充实。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 林保森说，是紧张点，但是不累，只有快乐。他在他的驻村手记《新一箩筐》中这样写道：<br /> “张子林说他家的樱桃熟了，折了一大枝给我送来了，上面挂满了鲜红的大樱桃……” <br /> “在村部门口遇到宁善明家的大娘，她在专门等我，说她家的李子熟了，要我去摘……”<br /> “某日，下班回到宿舍，发现窗台上整齐地摆放着许多蔬菜，茄子辣椒和豆角，不知道是哪位乡亲送来的……”<br /> 　 现在林保森感到自己已经成为了这个村庄里的一员，每天和这里的乡亲们看着新出土的秧苗喜悦，也和他们一起期盼着金秋的丰收。剔透的蓝天，凛冽的绿风，都让他眷恋无比。早上，一轮红日露出半边笑脸，他就起来了，看看这家的驴，看看那家的菜畦，看看五保户家的烟筒是否飘出了炊烟，然后才洗漱，吃饭。他说自己很享受早饭时光，——把饭端到院子里的小桌上，不知道谁家的小狗就来了，一只，两只，三只，在他脚前等着他喂食，看着小狗们香香地吃着，他站起来收拾碗筷，一回身，见一只大野鸡，正立在院墙上，看着那些散落的食物，那墨绿色的羽毛和大红的鸡冠子，在太阳下一闪一闪的，真好看。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====黄舒威 Huang Shuwei ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 富兴社区， 乡愁在楼门陪你<br /> In Fuxing community, homesickness accompanies you at the gate of the building<br /> <br /> 赤峰全市有易地搬迁安置点二百四十多个，我决定选择紫城街道办事处富兴社区作为调研采访对象，最初是因为有个叫唐显武的老头儿。视频上，面对社区的众多围观者，他身后背着一台小音箱，胸前贴着一张章子怡的大彩照，兀自舞蹈，音乐铿锵而嘈杂，人们的喝彩声此起彼伏，他的舞姿率性而发，全无定法，时而铿锵顿挫，时而如风如柳，时而歪歪斜斜，倒是步步踩在点上，很有节奏感。章子怡一直保持微笑，唐显武不亦乐乎。<br /> There are more than 240 relocation sites in Chifeng city, I decided to choose the Zicheng street office in Fuxing community as the research and interview object. Because there is an old man named Tang Xianwu. In the video, carrying a small speaker on his back, he danced like nobody is watching with a big colour picture about Zhang Ziyi on his chest in front of a crowd of onlookers in the neighborhood. The music was sonorous and noisy; the people cheered one after another. His dance was spontaneous and undetermined, sometimes powerful, sometimes gentle, sometimes crooked, but step by step on the beats, which was very rhythmic. Zhang Ziyi on the picture has been smiling, Tang Xianwu was so happy too.<br /> <br /> 唐显武是一个刚刚从乌丹镇新地村搬到富兴社区的贫困户。他曾经有严重风湿性关节炎，每到冬天，几乎不能走路。住上了暖气房之后，腿不疼了，也能下地走路了，一不小心就成了社区的红人，每天乐此不疲地博人眼球。到了晚上，他要是不出来跳舞，社区的老百姓，心里还空落落的，好像少吃了一顿饭。<br /> Tang Xianwu was in a poor family that just moved to Fuxing community from Xindi village in Wudan Town. He have had severe rheumatoid arthritis and could barely walk in the winter. After living in the heating room, he was able to walk in the winter with his legs being not hurt and happened to become the community's celebrity. Every day he was willing to attract other people. In the evening, if he did not come out to dance, the people of the community would feel empty, as if they had missed a meal.<br /> <br /> ====姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====<br /> <br /> <br /> 我说我得会会这个乐天派的小老头儿。<br /> 旗委书记南振虎也建议我去老唐头儿所在的富兴社区看看，他说这个富兴社区是内蒙古自治区扶贫攻坚最大的搬迁安置点 。2018年年末以来，从全旗十三个乡镇苏木，搬迁入住贫困户一千五百四十八家，共四千另四十人。农民大规模从乡村流动到城镇，然后安家立业，一点点变成城市居民。有人和我说，说富兴社区就是黄河入海口，哗啦啦，河水一个跟斗就进了碧蓝色的大海里，是大海变得更多彩了呢，还是河水更清澈呢？还是河与海形成了新的生命共同体了呢？这些还需要时间来证明。南振虎说，紫城街道办的同志们最了解情况，你可以和他们聊聊。 <br /> 说几句题外话。<br /> <br /> I thought that I should meet this old optimistic man. Nan Zhenhu, secretary of the Banner, suggested that I have a look at the Fuxing Community where Li dwelt, which was the largest relocation site set in the Poverty Alleviation Project of the Nei Monggol Autonomous Region. Since the end of 2018, 1548 poverty-stricken households, 4040 people in total, have been relocated here from 13 countries and towns of the Banner. Quite a number of farmers moved to towns, then settled down and started their career, and finally turned into urban residents. It is said that Fuxing Community is the mouth of the Yellow River, where the rushing river can flowing into the ocean only by taking a somersault. Does the ocean become more colourful, or the river clearer? Do they form a new community of shared life? Well, these questions will be answered by time. Nan zhenhu said that the comrades working in the Subdistrict Office best know the situation, so I can talk with them. Now, I’d like to say something else.<br /> <br /> ====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====<br /> <br /> <br /> 翁牛特旗旗政府所在地是乌丹镇，原来的名字叫做紫城，清代时犯大忌，故把这个紫分成一黑一红，改名乌丹，赤峰人的聪明由此时可见一斑。时过境迁，在乌丹镇里建立个紫城街道区片，也是人文地理的一种记忆。脱贫攻坚开始，为解决旗内一方水土不能养一方人的问题，政府统筹在紫城街道区域内建设了富兴社区，应迁尽迁，让无法在乡村生产生活的村民，集中入住。如果说这是当地三农史上一次划时代的脱胎换骨，也不为过。搬迁时，村民家里的柴扉土屋、锅头灶脑，镐头铁锨，也就一股脑儿的放弃了，但是农民多少年养成的春种秋收之习性，忠诚于土里刨食的生存信念，对睡火炕、吃杂粮、养小鸡、杀年猪的酷爱，却不是一朝一夕可以断舍离的。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====李鸿 Li Hong====<br /> <br /> 上午九点，我们一行到达富兴社区。紫城街道办事处的党委书记陈宗涛和富兴社区的党支部书记王蕾，陪我在社区参观采访。<br /> 老唐头儿，你在哪里？<br /> 富兴社区建筑群和城市中的其它小区似乎没有什么大区别，钢架雕花的大门，园内绿地开阔，居民广场宽敞漂亮，二十三座居民楼，一律涂暖暖的赭红色打底，加灰白两色勾边提亮，显得好不整齐亮丽，时尚大气 ，怎么联想也无法和农村的烟火庄稼院相提并论。小区大门口两侧的门市房，都已经被充分利用，社区办公室、扶贫车间、药店、超市、便民餐厅一字摆开。与一般居民社区不同的是，这里所有门市的台阶上都站着人，聚堆唠嗑，熙熙攘攘 。<br /> <br /> We arrived at Fuxing community at 9 in the morning. Chen Zongtao, Party Secretary of Zicheng sub-district office, and Wang Lei, Party Branch Secretary of the Fuxing community accompanied me to visit the community. Old Tang, where are you? With the steel-made and carved gate, the open green space in the community and the spacious and beautiful residential square, the buildings in Fuxing Community seemed to be no different from other districts in the city. All the 23 residential buildings were painted with warm ochre red as the base, and were highlighted with gray and white hooks, which gave an air of neatness, beauty and fashion. No one would ever put it on a par with the fireworks and crop yards in the countryside. Besides, the storehouses on both sides of the community had been fully utilized into community offices, workshops for poverty alleviation, pharmacies, supermarkets and restaurants. The only thing that distinguished the Fuxing community from other communities was that the stores here are filled with people, they gathered on the stairs, chatting and bustling.<br /> <br /> ====李佳珺 Li Jiajun====<br /> <br /> 过去，赤峰农民在农闲的冬月里，一般爱做三件事，就是跳广场舞、打对调和晒老爷儿，打对调是打扑克，晒老爷儿就是晒太阳。如今，这是搬到城里来晒老爷儿了？不是。我专门走到人堆里找人沟通了一下。第一个人堆儿大都是一些老头，他们原本已经把农村的土地流转给了种植企业，由于自身还可以劳动，便每天在这里等活儿。附近很多用人的小企业，经常到这里雇佣他们，给他们一些力所能及的工作。我面前的这个农民七十岁了，满脸深深的皱纹，两眼却好不明亮，他脚上的鞋帮刷出了白茬，一身衣服臃肿，脖子上突兀地围着一条蓝红色格子的羊毛围巾，看上去质量还不错。我夸了他一下他的围脖，他说在村里风那么大，从不戴这玩意儿，进了城，打入冬就戴上了，还离不开了呢。陈宗涛书记对我说，这肯定是她丫头给他买的，在富兴你就看吧，凡是穿的板正利索的，家里安了热水器的，大部分都是丫头给弄得，他这一点和南振虎的看法一样，如今农村儿子在孝心方面，不如女儿。这老头告诉我，他正在给一个企业打更，晚上可以睡觉，有一千四百元的收入，过年过节还发月饼、米面啥的。陈宗涛问他有什么困难没有，他一连用了“中、中、中”三个字表示满意，接着他又说，白天闲着也是闲着，想再找一份不影响打更的活儿。我问他，用工的单位多吗？他说你看着，连老唐头都能找到活儿。<br /> 原来，社区已经和工业园区和周边企业达成了优先用工协议，还设定了很多社会公益的岗位。起初不愿意搬迁的村民说，俺们土拉吧唧的，进城除了喝西北风，啥也干不了，现在一看，收入比在家侍弄那几亩没有水浇的旱地，翻了好几倍，都乐了。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====李可依 Li Keyi====<br /> <br /> 这时我又走到了几个五十出头的男村民旁边。一个叫徐品友的村民说，他有点技术，社区帮他找了一份电工活儿，我问他收入多少，他一笑，没回答。我琢磨他这一笑，有腼腆的因素，有不想让周围的村民眼馋的因素，也有自己偷着乐的想法。接着我就问，你出来干活儿，老伴儿在干啥呢？社区的王书记王蕾，是个好姐姐类型的干部，她一路陪着我，几乎我问的每件事，她都是了如指掌，介绍起来比农民自己说得还详细。这时她插话说：“学面点呢，他们几个的老伴儿，都没在家呆着，全在饭店里蒸包子，蒸馒头呢”。徐品友这时候不知为啥突然高声说了活——哎呀，可比在农村强多了，在农村种地，老天爷不下雨，你就是干瞪眼儿，能收个啥呀……<br /> <br /> At this point I walked next to a few more male villagers in their early fifties. A villager named Xu Pinyou said, with some skills, he found a job as an electrician with the help of community. I asked him how much he earned, he smiled and did not answer. I ponder that there is a shy factor in his smile, and he didn't want surrounding villagers envy him, but just laugh up his sleeve. Then I asked, what is your wife doing when you come out to work? Wang Lei, the community secretary, is a good sister type of cadre, accompanied me all the way. She knows almost everything I asked, and introduced more detailed than the farmers themselves. She interjected: &quot;Their wives didn't stay at home, but learned pastry and are working in restaurants steaming buns and bread.&quot; At this time Xu Pinyou suddenly said in a loud voice for some reason - ah, this is much better than in the countryside. In the countryside, if it doesn't rain, you can't do anything, even mention the harvest...<br /> <br /> At this point I walked next to several more male villagers in their early fifties. A villager named Xu Pinyou said, with a bit of skills, he found a job as an electrician with the help of community. I asked him how much he earned, he smiled and did not answer. I pondered that there is a shy factor in his smile, and he didn't want surrounding villagers envy him, but just laugh up his sleeve. Then I asked, what is your wife doing when you come out to work? Wang Lei, the community secretary, is a good sister type of cadre, accompanied me all the way. She knew almost everything I asked, and introduced more detailed than the farmers themselves. She interjected: &quot;Their wives didn't stay at home, but learned pastry and are working in restaurants steaming buns and bread.&quot; At this time Xu Pinyou suddenly said in a loud voice for some reason - ah, this is much better than working in the countryside. In the countryside, if it doesn't rain, you can't do anything, even mention the harvest...<br /> <br /> ====李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====<br /> <br /> <br /> 在赤峰，我所到的几十个村子，都有一个共同之处，就是年轻人接近于零，不是出去上学，就是出去打工，守家在地的都是中老年，这个群体极容易因病致贫。富兴社区集中安置的贫困户，平均年龄偏高，街道和社工因势利导，设立了一些特殊而适用的公益岗位 。例如小老人管老老人这个岗位，组织年轻一些的老人照顾比他们更老的老人，叫小老人看护老老人。小老人有钱挣，老老人有人管，真是一举两得。我觉得这个想法还真的不错，我母亲卧病好几年了，也换过几个保姆，最终留下来的，都是五六十岁的小老人。小老人他们有阅历，懂人生，往往更能理解老老人的困境，更容易设身处地，将心比心，只要身体允许，照顾老老人，比年轻人能稳住，有耐心。 我想，国家的老龄化已经来临，也许这个方法应该大举推荐。<br /> <br /> In Chifeng, dozens of villages I have visited have one thing in common, that is, there were very few young people. They either went to school or went out to work. The middle aged and elderly people who stayed at home were very vulnerable to poverty due to illness. The average age of the poor households intensively resettled in Fuxing Community was on high side. The subdistrict office and social workers have taken advantage of the situation and set up some special and applicable public welfare posts. For example, they organized younger old people to take care of elder old people. The younger old people can earn money and the elderly can also be taken care of. It's killing two birds with one stone. I think this idea is really good. My mother has been ill for several years, and she also changed two or three nannies. Finally, the people who left are young people in their fifties and sixties. The younger old people have experience and are often more able to understand the difficulties of the old people, and are easier to put themselves in the same shoes. As long as their bodies last, they can take care of the elder old people, and they are more stable and patient than the young people. I think that the aging of the country has come, and perhaps this method should be widely popularized.<br /> <br /> In Chifeng, dozens of villages I had visited had one thing in common, that was, there were nearly no young people. They either went to school or went out to work. The middle-aged and elderly people who stayed at home and farmed on lands were very vulnerable to poverty due to illness. The average age of the poor households intensively resettled in the Fuxing Community was relatively high. The streets and social workers took advantage of the situation and set up some special and applicable public welfare posts. For example, they organized younger old people to take care of elder old people. The younger old people could earn money and the elderly could be taken care of. It's killing two birds with one stone. I thought this idea was really good. My mother had been ill for several years, and several nannies were changed. Finally, the nannies left were younger old people in their fifties and sixties. The younger old people had experience, knew life, and were often abler to understand the difficulties of the old people, and easier to put themselves in others’ shoes. As long as their bodies were allowed, they could take care of the elder old people with more stability and more patience compared with young people. I thought that the population aging of the country had come, and perhaps this method should be widely popularized.<br /> <br /> ====李心田 Li Xintian====<br /> <br /> 土地有人替你种，农民搬得出；进城有住房，就医上学不发愁，农民稳得住；到处需要农民工，农民就有了挣钱机会，说不上能致富，但肯定有收入。脱贫已经不是问题，如何更富裕，更文明的目标已经在眼前招手了。陈宗涛算了一笔账：一个农民做工按两千算，一年就是两万四，加上在老家的地租钱，加上政府给的兜底保障，加上易地搬迁后续产业支撑的收入，远远超过了每人 三千六百元的脱贫标准。<br /> <br /> With lands farmed by others, farmers were able to move out; with housing, health care, and education available in cities, farmers were able to stay long; with migrant workers needed everywhere, farmers had chances to earn money. Although it might not make them rich, at least farmers certainly would have some earnings. Poverty alleviation was no longer a problem. A new target of how to get rich and how to be more civilized was waving hands in front of eyes. Chen Zongtao did an account: suppose a farmer earned 2,000 yuan per month for his or her work, he or she would earn 24,000 yuan a year. Adding the land rent in his or her hometown, the government guarantees, and the income supported by sequent industries of relocation, a farmer’s income was far over the poverty alleviation standard of 3,600 yuan per person.<br /> <br /> 不过 我还是有点纳闷儿，八十岁的老唐头，你能找到啥工作，劳动法允许吗？<br /> <br /> However, I was still confused about whether old Tang, at the age of 80, could find any job, and whether his working was allowed by labor law.<br /> <br /> 我问陈宗涛，老唐头在哪儿，什么时候跳舞啊？陈宗涛站在台阶上四处一望，说这么找有点费劲。艾平老师，咱们转吧，没准儿能遇上他，我说也好，咱们正好边走边聊。<br /> 没想到，挺老远站着的一个村民一直在听着我们的谈话，这时他突然亮了一嗓子——老唐头是上午挣钱，下午跳舞，在车间呢。陈宗涛说，咱们最后也要去车间。<br /> <br /> I asked Chen Zongtao where old Tang was, and when he would dance. Chen Zongtao looked around on the steps and said, “It’s hard to find him this way. Mr. Ai Ping, how about walking around? There was a chance for us to encounter him.” I said it was okay and we could walk and talk. We didn’t know that a villager, standing in the distance, listened to our talk all the way. At that moment, he abruptly answered—old Tang earned money in the morning and danced in the afternoon in the workshop. Chen Zongtao said we would also go to the workshop in the end.<br /> <br /> ====李彦 Li Yan====<br /> <br /> 走进小区，最引人注目的立在楼群正中间的一个大柱子，我一时没看清是啥东西，就听到空中传来了一个男人的声音：“各位网格员，各位楼长，各位村民，早晨饭都吃完了吗？身体舒坦吧？小区东边的居民自由市场已经不少有卖东西的了，没事儿看看去，你想买啥卖啥都允许，不收费，街道办的陈书记说了，一开始不要管的太死，太死了就没人来了，慢慢规范着……”原来这柱子上端，安装着四个全中国都少见的古董式大喇叭，土话“村村响”，冲着东西南北四个方向 ，它一出声，家家户户都能听到。陈宗涛无奈地笑了，他私下布置工作时说的话，直截了当地就给捅了出来，住进了楼房的人们，不改村里的思维方式。<br /> 一开始村民搬进来的时候，整体发懵，村委会呢？村书记呢？小组长呢？啥是社区，啥是街道？<br /> Into the district, the most striking building-a large pillar stands in the middle of the group of buildings, then I heard a man's voice in the air before seeing clearly what it was, : “ the grid, the building manager and the villagers, have you eaten the morning meal? do you feel comfotable? there are a lot of products to sell in the eastern side of the neighborhood free market where the residents live, you are allowed to buy anything and sell anything you want for free. “It is better don’t control too strictly at first otherwise no one is willing to come, and regulate it step by step......” said the street office of the Secretary Chen. The original column at the top was installed with four rare antique loudspeakers in China named “village sound” in vernacular, facing four directions- east, west, north and south. Every household could hear as long as it sounded. Chen Zongtao helplessly laughed, for what he said in arranging tasks privately would straightforwardly broadcasted by loudspeakers. While people living in the building didn’t change their way of thinking in village.<br /> At first, when the villagers moved in, they were all puzzled, wondering where is the village committee? Where is the village secretary? Where is the group leader? And what is a community, what is a street?<br /> <br /> ====李梓玉 Li Ziyu====<br /> <br /> 所以富兴社区的结构设置充分考虑了农村的习惯，第一排楼叫党家庄，国家庄，法家庄……第二排楼叫张家营子，马家营子……全社区分若干个网格，每个网格一百多家，网格有网格长，楼道有楼道长，人在网中住，事儿在网中办。陈宗涛虽然在街道办事处办公，却是富兴老百姓人人认识的陈哥陈叔陈老弟。村里来的老百姓不管你是什么官，有了困难就站在大门口吵吵，陈宗涛说， 人怕见面，树怕扒皮，你一定要耐心听完，合理的马上办，不合理的耐心解释。老百姓其实很体谅人，他们见不到干部才上火，他们见到了干部，心先就踏实了。<br /> 你看，老百姓终于搞明白了，他们说：单元的楼道长，就是村里的小组长，网格长就是村里的村长，王蕾书记就是大队长，陈宗涛书记就是公社书记。<br /> 在社区里走着。只见楼前的一个个小菜园子，在初冬的阳光里还是绿莹莹的，韭菜矮壮，羊角葱叶子带着白霜，小白菜也有半尺高了，看样子是秋天罢园后续种的。<br /> 村村响大喇叭又说了：“易地搬迁是个筐，前边挑着爹，后面挑着娘，绝对不能慢待进城的老乡。”<br /> <br /> ====梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====<br /> <br /> 陈宗涛又笑了，原来这话也是他说的。那时候村民们还没有全搬来，在组建党支部和村委会时，他反复强调过，面对新来乍到的村民，要有充分的思想准备，把各项工作做在前面，让村民们找到回家的感觉。就说这个大喇叭吧，也是他们费尽心思安排的。陈宗涛本身是农村孩子出身的的基层干部，他知道上了点岁数的村民们都是啥习惯，虽然老头老太太们差不多都有了手机，上了微信，但是他们还是信大喇叭里的话，大喇叭在村口广播了好几十年，他们的心都跟大喇叭挂上钩了。<br /> 虽然千思万想，似乎做足了功课，到了村民们搬进社区之后，才知道许多事情必须等着车到山前才能办，方向盘只有和车轱辘一起使劲，才能走到车辙上。你看吧，一家家村民扶老携幼地来了，坐着半截子客货两用车，车上除了人，就是粮食袋子、咸菜缸。那些要食吃的鸡鸭鹅也被带来了，你就听吧，咯咯咯，嘎嘎嘎叫得那个欢，好像天上落下了一群雁，哩哩啦啦的屎尿，瞬间把干干净净的楼道，整得都是骚臭气。你让他们清出去，大叔大婶抱着一只大公鸡就冲你来了，老会说话了：“这东西是捧在手心里喂大的，把它扔到荒地里吧，那是叫俺们一步三回头，说啥舍不得。它们都是原生态的无污染的，你们城里人不是好这口嘛……再说了，你们帮俺们盖楼修房子也辛苦了，就权当见面礼，领导拿回去给孩子们吃了吧……”这可倒好，几句话把干部们整得半斤不是六两也不是，怼回去怕伤了他们，接过来也不是那么回事儿。 <br /> <br /> ====廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====<br /> <br /> 很多男村民放着冲水马桶不用，站到楼后面就小便，劝他，他说这是房后。他们从小到大都是在自家屋后处理这个问题的。告诉他们这里是社区，是公共空间，他们又说不会放水冲马桶，往比饭碗还白的马桶前一站，就不会使那股劲了……社区干部把他们领回家，告诉他们怎么按放水开关，他们才说了心里的实话，用水要花钱，没见过拉屎撒尿还带要钱的……<br /> 大婶大妈们没有每天上市场买菜的习惯，要做饭了，在自家院子里的菜畦，顺手薅上一把小菜，摘几个辣椒豆角，一炒一炖，就是美味佳肴。她们第一舍不得钱出去买菜，第二吃不惯菜市场里那些用营养液种出来的菜。有史以来，她们就没吃过根上没有土的菜， 茄子柿子要太阳晒出色儿来，胡萝卜窝瓜也要过点秋霜才好吃。<br /> 社区的三个党小组全部行动起来，街道 派了一个副主任，专门负责抓这个社区的物业、幼儿园和学校、超市、医疗、法庭、派出所，开展民生义务服务、帮助弱势群体，宣传文明法治。在陈宗涛说，社区没小事，必须让文明之光把每一块砖缝都照亮。<br /> <br /> Many male villagers, instead of using closestool, urinate in the back of a building. If you try to persuade him, he will make excuses and say that it’s in the back of a house. Since they were kids, they did it like this. If you explain that this is a community, or public space, they will answer that they don’t know how to use closestool, because they can’t urinate when they stand in front of this white thing. After the community cadres take them to their home and teach them how to press the button to flush the toilet, they tell the truth that they don’t want to pay money for toileting. Many aunts just pick up vegetables in their own plots of land, like pepper and beans, to serve a variety of delicious food for they are not yet accustomed to buying food outside. Several factors are at play. First, they hesitate to use money. Second, they are not used to eating the food that are planted by nutrient solution in the market. They never taste vegetable without soil on the root. For example, eggplant and persimmon should have beautiful color, showing that they have been fully shined by the sun, and carrot and squash should be shrouded in fall frost. Three party groups in the community all take action and the Sub-district Office also dispatches an associate director to have responsibility for property, kindergarten, school, supermarket, health care, tribunal and police station. They provide service for people to improve their well-being, help the vulnerable and expand the reach of civilization and law rules. Chen Zongtao says that everything in the community is big, so everyone in the community should focus on civilization.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> (改）A number of male villagers, instead of using flush toilets, urinate in the back of a building. If you try to persuade they, they will make excuses and say that it’s in the back of a house where they did so since they were kids.If you explain that this is in a community in public, they will reply that they don’t know how to use flush toilet, because they don’t know how to urinate when they stand in front of this white thing. After the community officials take them home and teach them how to press the button to flush the toilet, they finally tell the truth that they don’t want to pay money for toileting. Never in their whole life did they see anyone pay for that. Many aunts just pick up vegetables in their own plots of land, like pepper and beans, to serve a variety of delicious food for they are not yet accustomed to buying food in the market. Several factors are at play. First, they grudge paying for vegetable. Second, they are not used to eating the food that are planted by nutrient solution in the market.They never taste vegetable without soil on the root. For example, eggplant and persimmon should have beautiful color, showing that they have been fully shined by the sun, and carrot and squash should be shrouded in fall frost. Three party groups in the community all take action and the Sub-district Office also dispatches an associate director in charge of property, kindergarten, school, supermarket, health care, tribunal and police station here.They provide services for people to improve their well-being, help the vulnerable, promote cultural progress and popularize the rule of law. Chen Zongtao says that everything in the community is significant, so we should make the cultural and ethical progress benefit all.<br /> <br /> ====刘丛领 Liu Congling====<br /> <br /> 原来菜园子就是这么来的。陈宗涛说，所以我们富兴社区，和哪个城镇小区都不一样，我们的绿地，就是菜地，就是群众的菜园子，老师你看，漂亮不漂亮？<br /> It turns out that this is how the vegetable garden was made. Chen Zongtao said that was why Fuxing community was different from other communities in the town and city------ our greenbelt was a vegetable patch as well as people's vegetable garden. Have a look, it’s beautiful, isn’t it?<br /> <br /> 我说漂亮又适用，给你们点个赞！<br /> I said it was beautiful and practical. I would like to give you a thumbs-up!<br /> <br /> 接着我们就往单元里走，在一楼的楼门间里，装置在墙壁上的玻璃橱窗，让我眼前一亮。<br /> Then we walked to a unit, where a show window installed on the walls wowed me in the door room on the first floor.<br /> <br /> 多年下乡采访，我最怕遇到按着本本说话的人，多么有趣的生活，一经他们的嘴，马上变成了死板的口号、没有血肉的塑料花。<br /> Many years’ experience of interviewing in the countryside makes me afraid of meeting people who are pedantic. Because no matter how interesting life is, they will immediately turn it into a rigid slogan like a plastic flower without flesh and blood. <br /> <br /> <br /> 这个陈宗涛还真的不一样，你听 ——大雁飞出去千万里，忘不了破壳出生的地方。人又不是桌椅板凳，得哪放哪，农民呼啦一下子迁出老窝子，做饭，没有大铁锅，睡觉没有热炕头，出了家门，看不到房檐上的燕子窝，听不到羊羔子牛犊子叫，心里能不发空吗？我们必须动脑筋啊，要让老百姓走进楼房就能找到回家的感觉。<br /> Chen Zongtao is really different. Listen, altough the wild geese have flew away for thousands of miles, they cannot forget the place where they were born. People are not tables, chairs and benches that can be put anything at random. Peasants were suddenly removed out of their old house, living a place where they cook without big wok, sleep without a warm kang, go out of the house without a swallow nest on the eaves and hear no mooing and bleating of lambs and calves. How could they not not feel empty? We have to use our brains to make people feel at home when they walk into the building.<br /> <br /> Liu Jiayu:It turns out that this is how the vegetable garden was made. Chen Zongtao said, “That is why Fuxing community is different from any other community in the town----- our greenbelt is a vegetable patch as well as people's garden plots. Have a look. It’s beautiful, isn’t it? “<br /> I said it was beautiful and practical. I would like to give you a thumbs-up! <br /> Then we walked to a unit, where a show window installed on the walls wowed me in the door room on the first floor.<br /> Many years’ experience of interviewing in the countryside makes me afraid of meeting people who are pedantic. Because no matter how interesting the life is, they will immediately turn it into a rigid slogan like a plastic flower without flesh and blood. <br /> Chen Zongtao is really different. Listen, although the wild geese have flew away for thousands of miles, they cannot forget the place where they were born. People are not tables, chairs and benches that can be put anywhere at random. Peasants suddenly removed out of their home, live a place where they cook without big wok, sleep without a kang (heatable brick bed), go out of the house without a swallow nest on the eaves and hear no mooing and bleating of lambs and calves. How could they not feel empty? We have to use our brains to make people feel at home when they walk into the building.<br /> <br /> ====刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====<br /> <br /> 橱窗里面装满了农村的老物件。老镰刀的刀刃秃了，木把却被磨得发亮；一个粗瓷大饭碗微微有点点裂缝，使人想起黏糊糊香喷喷的芸豆大碴子粥；一个斜了边框珠子还在的木算盘，好像还噼里啪啦地响着，而那个叼着旱烟，打着算盘的大队会计好像并没有离去……还有奶奶用棉线绣的布荷包，大娘用麻绳纳的布鞋底，写着双喜字的铁茶缸……上楼下楼的人们，每一天都会从自己的老故事里走过。<br /> 陈宗涛说，领导领导，就是领着大家往前跑，干部干部，能干好事儿的才叫干部。老师，你看我们整的还中吧？不怕老师笑话，这真不是我们自己的发明创造，是从北京郊区大北桥乡学来的，不过我们在里面放了咱翁牛特老家的物件儿，也算学以致用吧。<br /> 说着社区没小事儿的话，一件小事就来了。有位大婶儿迎面就拦住了我们。陈书记，咋整啊？<br /> 陈宗涛说，啥咋整？<br /> <br /> The glass-fronted cupboard was full of old stuff from the countryside. The blade of the long-used sickle was blunt, but the wooden handle was polished; a big rice bowl made of stoneware, with slight cracks, was suggestive of sticky, savoury congee of kidney beans; an inclined-framed wooden abacus, with beads on it, was sitting there as if still clicking sharply. It seemed that the accountant of the battalion never left away. He was always ticking off beads on abacus, holding a pipe in his mouth… In the cupboard, there was also a cloth pouch embroidered with cotton thread by grandma, a pair of cloth soles made of hemp rope by aunt, an iron tea mug with a Chinese character of double happiness... People walk up and down the stairs, passing the cupboard every day, just like walking through their own old stories in the past days. Chen Zongtao said, “leader, leader, a leader is the one who lead everyone forward; cadre, cadre, a cadre is the one who do good deeds for everyone. Sir, you see, we did a good job, right? Not afraid of your laughing at us, we didn’t invent this, but learned from Dabeiqiao village on the outskirts of Beijing. We placed some stuff of our hometown in Wengniute. It can be counted as studying for the purpose of application.” Chen was just saying that there were no small things in the community, and a small thing came. An aunt stooped us right in our face, asking, “Secretary Chen, what should we do?” Chen Zongtao said, “What do you mean by that？”<br /> <br /> The glass-fronted cupboard was full of old stuff from the countryside. The blade of the long-used sickle was blunt, but the wooden handle was polished; a big rice bowl made of stoneware, with slight cracks, recalled the sticky and savoury congee of kidney beans; an inclined-framed wooden abacus, with beads on it, was sitting there as if it was still clicking sharply. It seemed that the accountant of the battalion never left away, the one who was always ticking off beads on abacus, holding a pipe in his mouth… In the cupboard, there was also a cloth pouch embroidered with cotton thread by grandma, a pair of cloth soles made of hemp rope by aunt, and an iron tea mug with a Chinese character of double happiness... People walk up and down the stairs and pass the cupboard every day, just like walking through their own old stories in the past days. Chen Zongtao said, “leader, leader, a leader is the one who lead everyone forward; cadre, cadre, a cadre is the one who do good deeds for everyone. Sir, you see, we did a good job, right? Not afraid of your laughing at us, we didn’t invent this but learned from Dabeiqiao village on the outskirts of Beijing. We placed some stuff of our hometown in Wengniute. It can be counted as studying for the purpose of application.” Chen was just saying that there were no small thing in the community, and then a small thing came. An aunt stooped us right in our face, asking, “Secretary Chen, what should we do?” Chen Zongtao said, “What do you mean by that？&quot;<br /> <br /> ====刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====<br /> <br /> 大婶子说，我家停电了呗。口气好不理直气壮<br /> 陈宗涛的感觉是司空见惯，他答应着大婶的话，就张罗找物业，要不是陪我，肯定会把这个大婶儿直接送到物业办公室了。他说不会停电的，没准是碰了电闸，物业告诉两次，她就知道了。<br /> 我说陈书记，你真是接地气 ，这点小事，也亲力亲为。<br /> 陈宗涛说，别说我了，就是我们旗委书记南振虎到了这也一样，上回来调研，一进老乡家，就问你们家的热水器咋不插电呢？一听老乡说他们家不洗澡，赶紧问为啥，有的老乡说使不明白这家伙，热水太烫人；有的老乡说热水器流出来的是冰凉的水，可能是假货，有的老乡说热水器费电……到了双休日，南书记就特意来了一趟，挨家走，一户一户地教老乡使用热水器，怎么开，怎么关，怎么定时，怎么调温，几个老乡学会了，体验到洗澡的好处了，便扬着红扑扑的脸，飘着浑身的浴液香味，到大门口晒老爷儿去了，不一会儿，社区就传开了——不会洗澡你就别瞎鼓捣热水器，旗委书记叫你咋洗你就咋洗，按照咱们领导的指示办，保险褪泥、冒汗，浑身舒坦。<br /> <br /> The aunt said with arrogance, “My house is out of power.” For Chen Zongtao, he was accustomed to the tone of her voice. So, he promised her to solve this problem and went to find a property management company. He would absolutely send the aunt to the office of property management but for accompanying me. Chen said that the electricity would not be cut off unless the switch was tripped. She got that after being told twice by a staff of the management. I told the Secretary Chen that he was so amiable that he was willing to do small things all by himself. “Don’t mention it,” Chen said, “even our secretary of the banner committee-Nan Zhenhu is here, he will also do the same thing. Last time he came back to do research and found that some villagers didn’t electrify their geyser. When hearing they never use that to take a shower, he asked them for a reason in haste. Some said they didn’t know how to use it for the water was too hot to take a bath, some said the water was cool and doubted that whether it was a fake one, and the other said it wasted electricity... So, the Secretary Nan went specially to here to taught every household how to use that geyser on that weekend, such as how to turn it on or off, set the timer and adjust the temperature. Since several villagers had experienced the convenience and comfort of using that geyser, they wore a rosy face and brought a scent of showing foam to sit on the gate to relax. For a while, there was a piece of news spreading over the community-don’t use that geyser without any knowledge of it, and what you need to do is to listen to the Secretary Nan who will teach you how to use it. Just follow our leader and then you will be promised to gain a comfortable shower and a clean body.”<br /> <br /> ====刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====<br /> <br /> 边走边聊，我发现眼前这个貌不惊人的街道书记挺逗，满嘴都是土磕，满肚子都是故事，和村民混得相当自然，处理村民的事情，好像三年早知道，三下五除二，几分钟搞定。一问，他原也是农村孩子，和赤峰的许多靠刻苦学习改变了命运的干部一样也不一样，一样的是读了大学，不一样的是他母亲原是读过初中的，不是一般的农村大娘，所以他从打少年就有些文绉绉，平日里小衬衫领子雪白，走到哪儿都带着几本书。他从旗委办公室副主任的岗位上，下派到乌丹城镇城乡结合部的紫城街道办，干了两年，回家他娘就问他：“儿子你咋和以前不一样了呢？”<br /> <br /> ====刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing ====<br /> <br /> 陈宗涛说，艾平老师我不变能行吗？到了老乡家，人家给你让座，怕你嫌脏，先找个椅垫给你，你能坐上去吗，不能，你得和人家一样一样的，脏乱的地方照样做坐；老乡让你摘个槟子果吃，你不能洗，群众都是拿衣服襟一拧擦就吃，你也得那样吃，不然就是嫌乎人家。到过年了，老乡说家里杀猪了，请书记来吃点杀猪菜，倚在门框上眼巴巴地等着你，你说有纪律，她就说你不是我表外甥吗，回家吃饭不犯错误，你不去，我不走，那咱就得去。大老散，自家酿的，度数快七十了，老乡喝几杯，你也得整几杯，喝上了火候，老乡什么知心话都跟你说了，原来平常你给办的小小不然的事儿，他们都当个事儿在心里记着呢，你做的不周到的地方，他们虽然会一点不委婉地告诉你，但是十分理解你，说政府有困难，我们不能强求那么多，要慢慢来。那话说的，可掏心窝子了。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====鲁思 Lu Si ====<br /> <br /> 我顺嘴问了一句，说那你都喜欢读什么书啊？陈宗涛略显腼腆地说，我爱看点治国理政和文学方面的书。白天坐不下来，我一般都是晚上读，都是同时两本书换着读，保持新鲜感。艾老师，我有点不谦虚了，我这书读的肤浅，不过，我觉得还是有好处的。 <br /> <br /> By the way, what kind of books do you like to read? “I like reading books about governance and literature, I Can't sit down during the day，and usually read at night. I always read two books at the same time to keep it fresh. Miss Ai, I'm a bit conceited. Although the book read superficially, but I think there are benefits.” Chen Zongtao said, a little bashful.<br /> <br /> 陈宗涛说：“例如，例如吧——我们入户调研，老是一进屋，也不坐下来， 一边问群众，一边填报表，完事儿，拉着群众合个影儿，那不行，老百姓认为你是走形式，我们自己也摸不着实底。<br /> <br /> “For example, when we start a household investigation, nor sit down. Asked questions as filled in a form, and take a picture with the citizen. that does not work, the people think you are taking the form, we can not feel the real bottom. ” Chen said.<br /> <br /> 我就压着韵脚，给大家编个了顺口溜：“一看衣，全家冬夏有衣裳，二看粮，米面油加粗粮，三看水，清亮亮，四看房，暖和结实又宽敞，五看家有几个读书郎，六看炕上有否病秧秧，七看收入算好账，八看几个儿女孝高堂。”<br /> <br /> I made up a rhyme for everyone: “First look at clothes, the whole family has clothes in winter and summer, second look at food, rice flour oil plus coarse grain, third look at water, clear and bright, fourth look at house, warm and strong and spacious, fifth look at home has a few knowledgeable person, sixth look at heatable brick bed has a few sickly person, seventh look at income to calculate accounts, eighth look at a few children filial piety hall.”<br /> <br /> 尤其是第七条，最重要，把所有的收入加起来，往高拉，然后说人家达标脱贫了，老百姓肯定不高兴，应该这样说，大爷我给你家去个零头，他们就高兴，群众的普遍心理是愿意享受贫困户的待遇。<br /> <br /> In particular, the seventh most important, Increase all income and then say that the other people met the standard out of poverty,the people are certainly not happy, should say so, I give your family minus off the cents, they are happy, the general psychology of the masses is willing to enjoy the treatment of poor households.<br /> <br /> 你去的次数多了，群众就知道你不是为了追求政绩， 是个实得惠儿的人，见着你就说实话，那种一见干部就哭穷的风气，也慢慢没了。<br /> <br /> The more times you go, the masses know that you are not in pursuit of political achievements, is a real people of substantial benefits，see you to tell the truth, the kind of cadres to see the culture of crying poverty, but also slowly gone.<br /> <br /> ====陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====<br /> <br /> 老师你看我们这个顺口溜是不是把“两不愁，三保障”给包进去了，结合我们的实际，还有点小创造？请您给指导指正一下吧？”<br /> <br /> Mr.Ai, don't you think we have included the &quot;Two Guarantee, Three Ensuring&quot; in this doggerel? And we alse create something new on the basis of our actual situation. Can you give some advice, please?&quot;<br /> <br /> 我说我哪有你接地气，哪有你懂农民这个中国最大的群体啊，至于读书这种事情，不是让你背住多少金句 ，也不是一夜之间获得什么真谛，读书就像每天呼吸新鲜空气，在文化的养育里像树一样生长。<br /> <br /> I said, &quot;I don't think I'm the person who's &quot;very down to earth&quot; and understands the farmers who is the largest group in China, just like you. As for reading, it is not to let you memorize many golden sentences, nor to gain the truth overnight. Reading is like breathing fresh air every day and growing like a tree in the culture.<br /> <br /> 书读得通了，你的心就变软了，变宽了，变得更怜悯更善良了，到那个时候，你的智慧就来了。<br /> <br /> If you can read more and well, your will become softer, wider, more compassionate and kind-hearted. At that time, your wisdom will come.<br /> <br /> 你这个八看，来自理论，不拘一格，来自生活，却不脱离生活，却可以直接为工作所用。<br /> <br /> Your doggerel comes from theory and is eclectic. it's from life, but not out of life and can be directly used for work.<br /> <br /> 我要是当了你的手下，凭着这八看，就能和群众打成一片。<br /> <br /> If I were your subordinate, I would get along with the masses with the eight rules of doggerel.<br /> <br /> ====马明宇 Ma Mingyu ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 读书带来智慧。在富兴社区里走，到处都有新的感触，新的气息，新的创造。这个地方对于一个写作者的魅力，不在大，也不在新，不在惊喜，而在于一个贯穿始终的“变”字，随着人类文明的进程，人类生存的方式时刻在变，土里刨食，脸朝黄土背朝天的乡村生活，显然已经无以为继，而农民进城，仅有收入也是不足以谋身立命的。扶贫先扶志，一语道出了这种变的带来的课题 。也可以这样说，在脱贫攻坚的第一线干部，肩负的职责，远不止于帮助一个家庭将平均收入拉高到三千六百元以上。拓展一个群体的眼界，输送给他们文明法治和高尚，将任重而道远。<br /> 走进妇女创业车间，我看见一个五十多岁的贫困户妹子李秀莲，正在用一些服装下脚料缝制小老虎玩偶，设计的还真是虎虎有生气，摆在那里看上去挺厉害，仿佛要跳起来似的。<br /> 我问她：“一天能做几只？能挣多少钱？”<br /> “一天能做十来对这种小老虎，一对挣十块钱，一天一百元左右。”<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====彭琦 Peng Qi====<br /> <br /> 她的名字叫李秀莲，是个贫困户，有个儿子在长春读书，丈夫去世了。 <br /> 我说妹子你一个月挣三千，不算太宽绰吧？ <br /> 李秀莲说，俺还有公益岗。原来她是成手，每天教社区的妇女们做布偶，一个月有七百五十的收入。她说，加上家里流转土地的地租子，供孩子上学，自己过日子不用愁了。<br /> 陈宗涛拿着小老虎端详一番，说话了。他告诉我，这种布偶，是外单订货。由于传统文化相同，在韩国和新加坡很受欢迎。<br /> 他有转过脸去，跟王蕾书记说，明年的订单你们考虑了没有？明年是鼠年，设计个老鼠吉祥物怎么样？没等王蕾回答，一边的李秀莲一拍脑壳，哎呀书记，我咋就没往这上想呢……<br /> 在社区的东侧的一片空地上，新建的农贸集市开业了，村民带着各种老家的特产，带着自己进的蔬菜水果，油盐酱醋，在这里练地摊儿。这就是村村响大喇叭里边广播的那个“陈书记说了不能管得太死， 太死就没人来了”的市场，这个目前还没有名字的小市场 ，卖东西的人和买东西的人都不多，看热闹的人倒是不少。他们之间的问话很有意思，不问货怎么卖，而是问你哪个个营子的，啥时搬过来的？不用说，来来往往的人，都是社区的易地搬迁住户。<br /> <br /> ====漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====<br /> <br /> 我问一个卖切割鸡肉的妇女，她说，生意不错，一天营业额八百元；我又去问一个卖水果的小伙子生意怎样，他说多便宜也没人买，连问的人也没有。我看看他的货，苹果是抽巴皮的，橘子是带小黑点的，显然他上货的时候图稀便宜了，进了次货。我说不怕，下次上货咱们上好的，他说这是第一次也是最后一次，亏不起。 我想继续劝劝他，一回身，看见陈宗涛已经被一群男人给包围了。我过去一看，这个陈宗涛，蹲在地上，嘴上叼着一棵旱烟卷，正跟卖烟叶的唠得热闹。他说，你这烟叶，冲，有劲，却不辣，是个好品种，可是这么卖不行，你得预备点卷烟纸，预备几个烟斗子，让人家尝尝再买。抽烟的人你知道，抽一口，香了，谁也挡不住，肯定买。再说了，货卖一张皮，你这么一大抱，往地上一堆不行，又是风又是土的，你以为这是你们家场院呢，你再买几个塑料袋，一斤半斤地整小包装，找个美术社印上——当铺地原生态无污染葵花烟！再卖，一准儿鲤鱼跳龙门，能涨好几倍的价。不知道大家伙儿是不是认识陈宗涛，他在那个人群里，也不显眼，抽得挺嗨。<br /> 在我都要把挂着章子怡大照片跳舞的老唐头忘了的时候，起扶贫办的张主任走过来，说找到老唐头了。<br /> <br /> ====覃诗雅 Qin Shiya ====<br /> <br /> 从小集市往东北角一拐，就到了社区产业福利车间。此时的老唐头，就在车间里修剪中草药。张主任介绍道，这个车间是社区和一个制药企业的合作项目，有一千六百六十平米，可以容纳三百三十人一起工作。此时， 一座座像山一样的沙参、黄芪堆边上，围坐着修剪草药的工人们，大约一百三十多人，细看，都是些爷爷奶奶，找不到一个大叔大婶。他们坐在垫了羊毛垫子的小板凳上，一把剪刀在手，干得专心致志，一丝不苟。经过他们修剪的药材，整齐地码放在袋子里，修下来的细根须，也收拢起来单放着。老人们剪好的草药根茎，用做切片，根须用制作药丸。社区安排这些有劳动能力和愿望的老年人，在这里做工，每修剪一斤中草药，挣四毛钱，一个人一天不紧不慢，可以修割一百斤，能挣四十块钱，还不累。社区所有的老年弱劳力，基本都来了，一边干活儿，一边有说有笑，都挺开心的。<br /> 老唐头气色不错，留着两撇山羊胡子，看着像七十一二。他穿着棉袄棉裤，棉袄外面还套了件西装。不过，头发有点缭乱，西服前襟和袖口油亮。我说您老人家挺精神啊，今天咋没去跳舞，他说每天上午干活儿，下午或者晚上跳舞。我说你是章子怡的粉丝吗，他说章子怡啊，一开始我也不认识她是谁，那么多人看咱们表演，总得拾掇拾掇吧，就把她的照片挂胸前了，是老乡们喊章子怡章子怡， 我才知道她叫啥，管她是谁呢，就是为了个乐呵。不过我呀，嘿嘿，也不能总挂大美女的照片，这个岁数了，老伴儿可不敢得罪……大家七嘴八舌和他开起玩笑里，他却变得一本正经起来——赶明儿我得换着挂，郎平的腾格尔的大衣哥的都上……为了跳舞，我都做了八个帽子了，这两天又把刘锣鼓的帽子也做完了，赶明戴上你们看，威武。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====卿子晔 Qing Ziye ====<br /> <br /> 扶贫办的张主任跟他很熟，告诉我这老头心态特好。<br /> 我问：“腿没事儿了吧？”<br /> 老唐头，站起身，给我走了两步，雄赳赳气昂昂的。<br /> 我说你老人家真棒。<br /> 老唐头儿说：“农村人吃大碴子长大，身体一般都不错，就是受累上作得病，你看我这一进城，不放羊了， 不受凉受潮，就啥事儿没有了。”<br /> 我说：“虽然好了，也要注重保暖，多洗热水澡……”<br /> 一听洗热水澡。他有点微词：“一个出力气的人，那么讲究干啥，我不洗澡，从来不洗，洗完了，浑身冒汗，冷风嗖嗖地往骨头缝里钻。”<br /> 我说：“大叔，那正是你有风湿的原因，你多洗几次，洗完了，披个毛巾被消消汗，再出来，慢慢就好了。”<br /> 老唐头抬头看看我，半信半疑地说：“赶明儿礼拜天旗里的南书记来，我也跟他学学看……”<br /> <br /> Director Zhang in the Office of Poverty Alleviation knew him well and told me he was a positive man. “How about your leg?” I asked. Old Tang stood up and made a few steps, variant and spirited. I praised his recovery. He replied, “we countrymen grow up with coarse food grains, so in general our bodies are good. But we are always too tired from laboring. See, I have not herd sheep or got cold, so I am good now.” “Though you feel well now,” I said, “you still need to keep warm and take a hot bath…” Hearing the word “hot bath”, he disagreed, “a labor man doesn’t need this! I never take a bath, never. After it I am so wet and the cold wind blowing hard on my body.” “Uncle,” I refuted, “that’s the exact reason for your rheumatic diseases. Try to take some and leave the bathroom after wiping your sweat with a towel. Gradually you will feel better.” Lifting his eyes, Old Tang was dubious, “Well, I will learn from the Secretary Nan from the county tomorrow...”<br /> <br /> ====仇绪 Qiu Xu==== <br /> <br /> 听得大家止不住笑出了声，老唐头儿半张着嘴，感觉很懵懂。<br /> 东塔拉的老潘书记<br /> 赤峰有两个很有知名度的村党支部书记。一个是林西县的刘振林，一个是翁牛特旗的潘向学。在林西见过了刘振林，到翁牛特旗，必须见见潘向学。<br /> 潘向学所在的五分地镇东塔拉村，距离旗政府所在的乌丹镇大约五十多公里。从这个村子的名字上，可以回溯出这里从前的地理状况。塔拉是蒙语，草原的意思。在东塔拉的北侧还有东北塔拉村，正北塔拉村，那一定是农耕进入草原的过程，汉族人留下的名字。一路上，我细细观察，发现这一带的确开阔平坦，从高速公里的两侧的土质和植被，隐隐地看出些许科尔沁沙地的禀赋，但是一路耕地万顷，设施农业的大棚连绵不断。农耕文明在这片古老的草原上扎根已久，生机勃勃。<br /> the Old Tang, with his mouth half opened, was quite confused of the continuous laughter of people. There were two famous secretaries of village branch of party in Chi Feng, one called Liu Zhenlin in Linxi County, the other called Pan Xiangxue in Wengniute village. I met Liu in Linxi before and I have to visit Pan as I came to Wengniute. The Pan's place, located at East Tala village, is fifty kilometers from the county's government. From the name of this village, one can trace back the original condition of this place. Tala means grassland in Mongolian. At the north of East Tala village lie a Northeast Tala village and North Tala village, which is the embodiment of farm culture evolved to nomad culture. I carefully looked over this place along my way and found that this land was expansive and plain indeed. From the soil and vegetation at both sides of the highway, it shared some characteristics of Ke'erqin sandland but it was covered with numerous farmlands all the way as well as agricultural greenhouses connected with each other. The farming culture has taken its vigorous root at this ancient grassland for a long time.<br /> <br /> Old Tang, with his mouth half opened, was quite confused of the continuous laughter of people. There were two famous secretaries of village branch party in Chi Feng, one called Liu Zhenlin in Linxi County, the other called Pan Xiangxue in Wengniute village. I met Liu in Linxi before and I have to visit Pan as I came to Wengniute. The Pan's place, located at East Tala village, is about fifty kilometers from the county's government in Wudan town. From the name of this village, one can deduce the original condition of this place. Tala means grassland in Mongolian. At the north of East Tala village lie the Northeast Tala village and the North Tala village, which are the embodiment of farm culture evolved to nomad culture by the Han Chinese. I carefully looked over this place along my way and found that this land was expansive and plain indeed. From the soil and vegetation at both sides of the highway, it shared some characteristics of Ke'erqin sandland but also covered with numerous farmlands all the way as well as agricultural greenhouses connected with each other. The farming culture has taken its vigorous root at this ancient grassland for a long time.<br /> <br /> ====全永慧 Quan Yonghui ====<br /> 东塔拉村是五分地镇所辖的村庄里面积最大、人口最多的一个村，人口超过三千，面积有三百二十一平方公里。赤峰的农耕土地，分旱地和水浇地。一般水浇地多一些的地方，相对好生活一些。出东塔拉村向北九公里，有一条不大的河流，有一个游牧民族留下的名字，叫巴尔图河。许多年以来，这条河一直和东塔拉农人的小康之梦紧紧缠绕在一起。<br /> East Tala village is among the largest in area and population in the villages manipulated by Wufendi town. It has a population of more than 3000，covering an area of 321 square kilometers. The arable lands of Chifeng can be divided into arid lands and irrigated ones. Generally, people can live a much better life in the areas with more irrigated lands. A small river lies 9 km to the north of East Tala village called Baltu River which was named by a nomad. For years, this river has been closely entangled with the dream of the East Tala villagers’ well-off life.<br /> 二十年前，潘向学作为一个新上任的、年富力强的村书记，发动几百人的村民大会战，从巴尔图河中开出一条通渠，引水进村，一下子使全村增加了七百多亩水浇地，东塔拉人乐得胡子翘到耳朵上，屁股撅到天上，脑袋扎在泥土里，一垄一畦地侍弄着庄稼。那清格凌凌的水啊，滋润在干涸的土地上，也永远地记忆在老少爷们儿的心里。时过境迁，而今，巴尔图河水已经断流，东塔拉人只能打机井浇地，但还是得靠巴尔图河，井窝子必须沿着巴尔图河的水脉走，才能打出水来。2013年，东塔拉人均收入不到三千。用现脱贫的标准来看，不仅是全村有多少个贫困户的问题，而是整个东塔拉，可以说是个贫困村。眼看这巴尔图河道的水位一年年下沉，村里的年轻人一波一波往外走，东塔拉人的致富梦更加迫切。<br /> Twenty years ago, Pan Xiangxue, a new and young village secretary full of vitality, mobilized hundreds of villagers to dig a channel with a view to drawing water from the Baltu River to the village. In doing so, the irrigated lands of the village have increased more than 700 mu, for which farmers grinned from ear to ear. They worked hard on the farmland, their faces to the ground, backs to the sky, tending their crops in rows carefully. The clear river water has not only nourished the dry lands but also engraved in the memories of villagers, young and old, forever. Times have changed and now the Baltu River has run dry. Villagers can only irrigate the land with water from the motor-pumped well, which also relied on the Baltu River. The digging of motor-pumped well must follow along the flow of the river, which can guarantee the success of it. In 2013, the per capita income of people in the village was less than 3000 yuan. By the current standard of poverty alleviation, the problems of this village lie not only on the number of low-income families but also on the reality that the village is quite impoverished. As the water level of the Baltu River sinks year by year, young people in the village have been draining away, which has increased the difficulty of achieving prosperity in this village.<br /> <br /> ====任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====<br /> <br /> 潘向学组织党支部全体成员坐下来讨论，2013年东他拉村人均收入不足3000元。在实施金融扶贫工程中，富裕户都不愿为贫困户担保贷款，怕担责任。越穷越借不到钱，越借不到钱越穷，村两委会决心打破这个怪圈，通过广泛征求村民意见，在实践中创造了“三链互助”扶贫模式：首先让富裕户通过亲情关系与贫困户结成互助组，建立帮扶关系，由富裕户带领贫困户外出打工或为其提供贷款担保、信息技术等，帮助发展养牛、养羊产业使其脱贫致富，形成 “亲情链”；其次，让具有物质、信息、技术、信誉等良好基础但在产业发展中缺少劳动力、土地、草场等资源的富裕户，与缺乏资金、信息、技术但有富余劳动力、土地、草场等资源的贫困户结对，平等帮扶、各取所需，形成“互需链”；上述两链都连接不上的贫困户，由村干部和党员履行扶贫责任和义务，对贫困户进行帮扶，形成“责任链”。现在东他拉村共有74个“三链式”互助扶贫联合体，为280户村民争取金融扶贫贷款1375万元，贫困户利用贷款发展养殖业，年户均增收5000元。　<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====疏珊 Shu Shan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 五分地镇东他拉村户籍人口980户，2014年初识别建档立卡户341户，是全旗重点贫困村。为解决贫困户缺资金、缺技术、缺市场等难题，村党支部在旗有关脱贫政策支持下，推出“亲情链”“互需链”“责任链”产业帮扶模式，1户种养大户最多带4户贫困户，当年结成“亲情链”38链、“互需链”26链、“责任链”10链，覆盖建档立卡户216户，实现从农行贷款1375万元，助力贫困户脱贫产业迅速发展。目前，全村牛存栏已由当初的不足700头发展到2500多头，且全部是优质牛；羊存栏从不到3000只发展到10000多只，年人均增收在3000元以上。实现脱贫后，村党支部为激励村民竞相发展生产、引导树立文明乡风，实行村民“积分卡”制度，凡产业发展得好、扶贫政策掌握得好、门前卫生搞得好、孝老爱亲、邻里和睦的通过评定都能获得积分，1积分顶0.5元，凭积分卡可以到村“爱心超市”领取生活物品。“现在，村民都比着干，有不积极的户，念书的孩子就督促父母了，为了给自己孩子做榜样，也都往好了干。”东他拉村党支部书记潘向学说。<br /> <br /> <br /> With 980 permanent residents, the Dongtala village of Wufendi town registered 341 impoverished households and created their files in the national national poverty alleviation information system at the beginning of 2014. It is the key poor village of the Wenniute county. In order to provide solutions to lack of capital, technology and market for poor residents, the branch of the Communist Party of China, under the support of the relevant poverty alleviation policies of the Wengniute county, enhanced party members’ responsibilities, formed bonds between them and farmers and created demands among rural collective organizations, enterprises and farmers. The industrial assistance requires that one major producer of crops and livestock help four poor individuals at most. That year saw 10 industrial chains promoted by responsible party members, 38 by the bonds, and 26 by demands, covering 216 registered households with files created. In addition, those efforts applied for a loan of 13.75 million yuan from the Agricultural Bank of China, contributing to a rapid development of poverty alleviation industries. At present, the village's cattle inventory has grown from less than 700 head to more than 2,500 head, and all of them are of high quality; the sheep and goats inventory reaches 10,000 head, up from less than 3000 head, and the annual per capital income has increased by more than 3,000 yuan. After achieving poverty alleviation, the party branch implements a point reward system to motivate villagers to develop production, and promote social civility in rural areas. As long as residents develop industries, have a good grasp of poverty alleviation policies, keep their front door clean, respect the elder people and care for relatives, keep harmonious relationship with neighbors, they will receive reward points after assessment and 1 point is worth 0.5 yuan. By using the reward cards, they can redeem points on daily necessities in the &quot;love supermarket&quot; of the village. &quot;Today, villagers rush to do such activities. Even the inactive parents, urged by their children, want to do a good job to set an example for their kids,&quot; said Pan Xiangxue, secretary of Dongtala village party branch.<br /> <br /> The Dong Tala village of Wu Fendi town, with 980 permanent households and 341 ones of them registered with files in the national poverty alleviation information system at the beginning of 2014, is the key poor village of the Weng Niute county. The industrial assistance requires that one major producer of crops and livestock help four poor households at most. That year saw 10 industrial chains promoted by responsible party members, 38 by the bonds, and 26 by demands, covering 216 registered households with files created. In addition, a loan of 13.75 million yuan was attained from the Agricultural Bank of China, contributing to a rapid development of poverty alleviation industries. At present, the village's cattle inventory has grown from less than 700 head to more than 2,500 head, all of which are of high quality; the sheep and goats inventory reaches 10,000 head, up from less than 3000 head, and the annual per capital income has increased by more than 3,000 yuan. After achieving poverty alleviation, the party branch motivate villagers to develop production, and promote social civility in rural areas by implementing a point reward system. Residents, contributors to the development of the industry, good mastery of poverty alleviation policies, front door sanitary condition keeper, good neighborliness guardian and the elderly lover, could receive reward points after assessment.1 point is worth 0.5 yuan. Villagers can redeem points on daily necessities in the &quot;love supermarket&quot; of the village. &quot; by using the reward cards. Today, villagers rush to do such activities. Even the inactive parents, urged by their children, want to do a good job to set an example for their kids,&quot; said Pan Xiangxue, secretary of Dong Tala village party branch.<br /> <br /> ====王芳玲 Wang Fangling====<br /> <br /> <br /> 给丰收村的新故事起个头 <br /> 艾平<br /> 中国农村叫丰收的地方应该很多很多。我说的这个丰收村，是赤峰市敖汉旗丰收乡的丰收村。至于这个丰收村为什么叫丰收村，我不知道，无疑的是，这个村名是喜兴的，饱含着殷切期望的。 <br /> 王振平和所有听着这个村名进入丰收村的人一样，满脑袋里都是欣欣向荣的景象，然而当他在村口停下脚步的时候，不禁愕然地张大了嘴巴。颓房残桓，探出一棵老李子树的枯枝，柴扉之前坐着一个半身不遂的老人，显然是家人们将他放到的这个位置放风透气的。在清冷的阳光中，他吃力地抬起头，看着步履迟疑的王振平走过来，脸上微微地呈现一丝莫名的表情。离年已经不远了，丰收村的日子却有点无精打采。喝酒，打对调儿，晒老爷儿，串门子，这些就是丰收村的农闲，真的看不出丰收这两个字，曾经或者即将给这个小村庄带来过怎样的欢天喜地。<br /> 年富力强的人都像鸟儿一样飞走了，飞走了就决意永不回头，他们丢掉了土里刨食的日子，甚至都不愿做一只冬去春回的候鸟，一任故乡兀自穷困潦倒，乃至自消自灭。有谁知道记忆是一块会长牙的石头，故乡只要有人存在，记忆就是活生生的，让人痛，还要衍生出些难以想象的故事，当然，在无奈的贫困之中，那都是些令人心酸和疼痛的故事。<br /> <br /> <br /> New Story of Feng Shou Village with a Beginning<br /> ——By Ai Ping<br /> There are a significant number of villages with names of Feng Shou meaning harvest in China.It is the one that is situated in Feng Shou County, Ao Han, Chi Feng that I’m referring to. Not knowing the reasons behind the name, I know for sure that the village got its name out of people’s expectation for blessings and harvest, which sounds delightful. Wang Zhenping, just like all other people hearing the name, looked forward to seeing a dynamic village as its name suggested. However, he startled by what he saw at the entrance of the village. In front of a dilapidated house with deadwoods of a plum tree was a paralytic senior, who was placed at the spot to breathe fresh air by his family member. Noticing hesitant Wang Zhenping coming over, he raised his head hardly with a surprise face under cool sunshine. Despite the spring festival being around the corner, villagers there still led a listless life by drinking, playing card games, killing time by enjoying sunshine and visiting neighbors randomly. Feng Shou Village, characterized by casualness, saw no excitement or joy brought by harvest, no matter in the past or in the near future.Young and capable villagers, like birds, flied away from their hometown with the determination of not returning back there. Getting rid of making a living by farming, they left their poor hometown to rot, even not willing to go back there once a year like migratory birds. However, memory about hometown would be alive as long as there are residents in it. Similarly, memory is a stone which is able to grow teeth, making people painful and make unbelievable stories which are miserable and distressing in poverty.<br /> <br /> ====王纪龙 Wang Jilong====<br /> <br /> 2015年的初冬，王振平作为扶贫攻坚工作队的第一书记 ，迎着这些故事走进了丰收村。他虽然也是农村长大的孩子，但是一直是在城镇上学，大学毕业后，又在中学里上教书育人多年，2013年调入敖汉旗旗委宣传部，任文艺宣传室主任，主抓文联工作。他对农村的全部记忆，一是小时候自己总是穿两个姐姐穿小了的花衣服，招致村里的小伙伴起哄，嘲笑他为“花丫头片子”，于是他回家找母亲，母亲将花衣服从他身上脱下来，找了件父亲的吊兜中山装给他穿上了，衣服太大，就用一条旧皮带往腰上给他一扎，虽然邋遢无比，好歹也算个男孩子的模样了；二是记得有一次放学回来，见到二姐坐在院子里哭，任凭他怎么喊二姐二姐，二姐就是不理他，后来他才知道，因为家里穷，供不起两个孩子一起读书了，于是选择了供儿子，学习成绩非常好的二姐失学了……许多年以后，王振平眼前还经常浮现二姐当时抽泣耸动的背影。虽然有如此这般不可剥离的生命经验，对于中国农村农民这本大书，王振平还不曾真正读过。在我和他的交谈中，他说他这次入驻丰收村，无形中给自己开启了深度认识农村的大课堂。如果说这次脱贫攻坚将彻底消灭农村的绝对贫困，是人类历史上划时代的创举，那么自己参与到时代的大潮中，是成长的幸事，是人生的幸事。<br /> <br /> ====王露 Wang Lu ====<br /> <br /> 下村的第一个任务，是认门。王振平第一次入户，是村干部带领的，事先，王振平画了一张地图，把七十三个贫困户的姓名注明在每一个坐标点上，第二次再入户，他就不用人带领了，每一家啥情况，也就大概摸清了。很快，哪家是贫困户，哪家是低保户，哪家在什么位置，就像在嘴边等着一样，他熟悉到一张嘴就能说出来。<br /> Wang Zhenping got his initial job after his arrival— investigating the basic situation of the village. Before his first visit, guided by some village cadre, he had drawn a sketch map on which he marked the 73 poverty-stricken households at each coordinate point. Therefore, he could be independent the second time. He had almost figured out the conditions of all the household. Soon, he had been familiar enough to blurt out all the information of the village including which one was poverty-stricken household or low-income family, and where the house was located.<br /> 全村经济基础十分薄弱，地上没有企业，地下没有矿藏，农民只有单一的种植收入，村党组织制度不健全，党员没有很好发挥带头作用，开个党员会，就来星蹦儿几个人，一问，就说家里有活儿。通知开会，要先通知今天开会发毛巾，发盆，这样才有人来参加，但是，必须等到大家听完课、座谈结束才可以发东西，不然人们就拿着东西提前走了。村里的青年劳动力基本走光，留守者中老弱病残占大多数，这就是当时丰收村的状况。<br /> The economic base there was weak, without enterprises overground or mineral resources underground. Therefore, their income was from farming alone. There was no perfect village party organization system without party members playing a leading role. At a party members' meeting, few people came, and when asked, they said that there was work at home. If there was a meeting, they wouldn’t present unless there were gifts for them such as towel and tub. However, the gift should be given to them until everyone had finished the meeting, otherwise villagers would take gifts and leave in advance. In the village, young workers were out to make living, so the majority of villagers were those who were old, weak, sick and disabled. All of this is the condition of Fengshou village.<br /> 村里贫困户的致贫原因是各种各样的，也是苦难深重。一些叫三十六岁的王振平无法想象的惨剧，真的就在现实中，就在丰收村的一个个家庭里。<br /> 什么叫万箭穿心，在贫困户冯喜仁家，在冯喜仁女儿冯晓伟的病床前，王振平体验到了。<br /> There were various reasons for the poverty of each household who was suffering much. Some tragedies that 36-year-old Wang Zhenping might not imagine happened in reality, in Fengshou village. Wang’s heart ached as if pierced by ten thousand arrows when he was in the poor household Feng Xiren’s house, standing in front of Feng’s daughter Feng Xiaowei’s sickbed.<br /> <br /> ====王琪 Wang Qi ====<br /> <br /> 这是一个四口之家，只有一个上高三的儿子是个健康人，其余三口全都是绝症。冯喜仁的妻子癌症，刚刚去世，冯喜仁本人是肺鳞癌，已经到了生命垂危的程度，他的女儿冯晓伟，年轻优秀，在上海一家财经学院学习，谁知大学毕业不到一年，在一次洗牙的时候突然牙龈出血，无论使用什么办法也止不住，失血导致这个女孩脸色苍白，浑身无力，到医院一检查，是得了恶性血液病。冯喜仁大放悲声，毫无办法，亲戚朋友的钱都借遍了，已经无法再张嘴。敖汉旗医院不久即给冯晓伟下了病危通知，他们家也实在没有挽救女儿生命的能力，只好把女儿接回家里，放在床上，默默哀求死神不要降临。<br /> 焦急之下，冯喜仁病情加重，亲戚们准备送他到赤峰治疗，他死守着奄奄一息的女儿，说什么也不肯离开。亲戚们说，还是救可能救的吧，你治好了，还可以照管你儿子。冯喜仁伸出手，在女儿的鼻前，试了又试，只感觉女儿的气息已经细若游丝，马上就要消失了，这个虚弱的父亲，连哭喊的力气都要没有了。他拿出女儿的一个小包裹，里面是女儿自己挑选的一身衣服，这身衣服很鲜艳，仿佛一个少女鲜花般的生命。她说要穿这身衣服离开父亲，离开家，走进一个没有贫寒的世界。父亲在女儿耳边喊了一声——丫头啊丫头，你穿上，安心走吧，这辈子爹没把你照看好，下辈子爹给你做牛马……<br /> 只见女儿的眼皮似乎微微一动，很快又纹丝不动了。冯喜仁一步三回头，被亲戚们送往赤峰市的医院住院。<br /> <br /> ====汪世博 Wang Shibo ====<br /> <br /> 也许是上苍可怜哀伤的老冯，也许是命运怜悯那个年轻的生命。冯喜仁离开以后，亲戚们守在冯晓伟的床边，只要能撬开她的嘴，就给她灌药喂汤，几天之后，冯晓伟渐渐苏醒过来，可是她依然不能起身，只能睁一下眼睛，看着家中布满灰尘的天棚……<br /> 贫困户滕云祥家的致贫过程，应该从五十年代就开始了，那不是尘封在岁月里的故事，而是至今依然流血的伤口。 <br /> 我来到赤峰采访，赤峰市扶贫办政策法规科科长杨明霞给我看了一张存在她手机里的照片。她用了优雅这个词，来描述照片的主人公林群意。照片上的林群意显然不像一个长年劳作在烈日风霜中的农村奶奶，也不像个病人。她虽说已经八十五岁了，皮肤依然有几分白皙，眼神里透出的不是呆滞，而是一种淡淡的冷漠，更引人注目的是她的打扮，一身衣服虽然带着农村的时尚，但不属于常见的那种土气花哨，而是简单又鲜亮，头上那顶米色的针织帽子使她显得相对年轻，她脖子上的围巾，不是地摊货，有些品质感。杨明霞说，你一定要见见这个老太太，她是香港人，五十年代嫁到了敖汉。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====王雅姝 Wang Yashu ====<br /> <br /> 啊？香港——敖汉，五十年代！多么遥远的空间，多么漫长的时间，这其中有怎样的故事？说实话，来丰收村也算是临时动议，起初我是想见见这个香港来的老太太，听听她的故事，没想到在他们家遇见了纠葛在故事中的驻村第一书记王振平。<br /> 故事是这样开始的。赤峰地区解放战争前后参家解放军的青年人很多，敖汉旗有一个姓吴的年轻人也在其列。五十年代初，小吴随部队到广东广西一带剿匪。当时，年轻漂亮，像春天一般明媚的林群意大学毕业刚毕业，她从香港来到韶关工作，是个售货员。她和当时全中国的姑娘一样，崇拜英雄，喜欢解放军。当英姿勃勃的小吴出现在她的视野，她的世界一下子布满灿烂霞光，接下来就是一场生死不渝的恋爱，然后有情人终成眷属。小吴复员，林群意毅然决然地跟着丈夫，做了五天五夜火车，来到了内蒙古昭乌达盟敖汉旗丰收村。<br /> 一切皆因爱情，然而纯真的爱情没有错。<br /> <br /> ====王植碧 Wang Zhibi ====<br /> <br /> 命运之错？有谁能在历史的惊涛骇浪中把握自己的命运？更何况当时林和吴都是少不更事的小年轻。<br /> 当我见到林群意的那个片刻，真没觉得在面对一个精神分裂症患者，反而感到有种亲近，她唤起了我身上女人对女人的惺惺相惜，我为她流血又流泪的一辈子心痛。<br /> 她坐在儿子滕云祥家的东屋炕上，那场景和照片上没有区别，还是那一身衣服，脖子上还系着那条让人看着挺得体的丝巾。<br /> 我伸手摸摸炕，炕烧得热乎乎的。我问她，身体还好吗？她点点头，我说不冷吧，她摇摇头。我坐在她跟前，她并不畏惧或者拒绝。她的态度非常友善，我很希望和她长谈，然而，她毕竟年事已高，我不能去触动一个老妈妈结痂的伤口。<br /> 故事在她和丈夫的美好爱情中，延续了两年，似乎南北方的地理差异，都没有成为任何障碍，和心上人在一起，喝凉水都是和蜜糖一样甜的。事出突然，小吴病故，属于心肌梗塞之类的不防之症，林群意的天就这样塌了。她一个人孤零零地在他乡徘徊，没有人能庇护这个年轻的寡妇。她每天去小吴的坟头上默默流泪，荒野无人，她竟不知道害怕，也不知道身后有贪婪的目光在跟踪。<br /> <br /> The fault of the destiny? Who can control his fate in the stormy waves of history? Let alone two young people with less life experience. At that moment I saw Lin Quay, I really did't feel a sense in the face of a schizophrenic. however, I felt a sense of intimacy because she aroused me of women's sympathy for women. And I felt heartbroken for his tough life. She sat on the kang in the east room of her son Teng Yunxiang's house. The situation has no difference compared with picture that she wore the same clothes with a decent scarves on her neck.<br /> I reached out to touch the kang and found it was warm. I asked her, how is she? She nodded, I said not cold, she shook her head. I sat in front of her, she shown no fear or refuse. Her attitude is very friendly. I wanted to have a long conversation with her. But she was, after all, very old. It was no doubt that i couldn’t open her, a old mother’s wounds in the heart.<br /> The story lasted for two years in her beautiful love with her husband. It seemed that the geographical differences between North and South haven’t become their obstacles. As long as staying with lover, drinking cold water was as sweet as honey. However, life is never a bed of rose. Xiao Wu died of an unexpected disease such as myocardial infarction. It felt like the sky was failing for Lin Qunyi. She roved in an alien land alone and no one can protect this young widow. All she can do was tearing silently on wu’s grave every day. There was no one around the grave. She did not know that she was afraid, nor did she know that greedy eyes were tracking behind her.<br /> <br /> ====王智灵 Wang Zhiling====<br /> <br /> 在贫穷的土地上，愚昧和邪恶是孪生兄弟，人类的原始欲望常常变成兽性，被邪恶牵引着横行乡里。我见到的文字资料里说，后来林意群被迫嫁给了当时村里的治保主任。既然是被迫，她一定不愿意！她没有想到回老家吗？一定想过。故事在这里中断了，但我还是能从她的儿子滕云祥和乡亲们的只言片语里听出，林意群的第二个丈夫是个强悍之人。<br /> 雪上加霜的是，林群意的第一个孩子夭折，在孩子还没有冷却的时候，被人们急忙丢弃在山林里，林群意疯子一般跑出去追她的孩子，恰恰看到了那可怕的一幕。从此人们都说她魔症了，其实她是间歇性的精神失常，平时静静的，一言不发，突然之间就会又哭又闹。<br /> 到了滕家，她一连生了七个孩子，但是她不曾幸福过。这是一个受过教育，体验过人生美好的女性，她一定知道自己的境遇意味着什么。所以她每天每天都怀着逃生的愿望，又因为接踵而来的孩子，难以断舍离，长此以往，抑郁是必然的。滕云祥说，母亲一发病就往外跑，父亲嫌她不干活，就追她打她，当自己长大了些，懂事了，就拦着，用自己小小的身子护着母亲，不让父亲打母亲……林群意的病越来越重，在外人的眼里就是一个疯子了，可是她知道喂养自己的孩子，时刻呵护着自己的孩子……<br /> <br /> ====吴博涵 Wu Bohan====<br /> <br /> 后来，腾云祥的父亲去世，母亲动了开颅手术，又从床上摔下来，摔成脑水肿……这个家，苦苦地在岁月里挣扎，滕云祥直到四十岁才说上媳妇，媳妇小王也是个有智障的人，至今连自己岁数都不知道，家里原本就一贫如洗，还要给母亲治病，养活儿子，滕云祥被贫困压得愁眉不展。<br /> 因病致贫，因事致贫，村里七十二家贫困户的情况五花八门，家家都有一本难念的经。<br /> 村里的人们，并没有像秋日的落叶那样，甘心情愿地随风飘零，也曾穷则思变。五个贫困户联手组成了村里唯一的养殖合作社，但是由于缺少运作资金，缺乏科学技术指导，只能雇佣一些老人照管，由于饲养力不从心，很多羊身上里有囊虫，掉毛，吃毛，饲养员不懂小尾寒羊的习性，往往在母羊下了一个羔子后，不知道羊肚子里还有没有分娩的羊羔，导致接羔成活率很低。丰收村人的致富梦想就这样一开始就举步维艰，后来依然举步维艰。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====伍超穎 Wu Chaoying====<br /> <br /> 丰收村出产小米、黄米、黄豆、高粱、荞麦等五谷杂粮，均为一季作物。由于夏日强烈日照、在种植方法上保持着传统方式，这里的杂粮品质十分优良，一直以原生态的口感和营养著称。但是卖粮难，却是丰收村多年以来无法解决的问题。手里的粮食卖不出去，卖出去了卖不上价，也是丰收村村民难以致富的一个原因。<br /> 治病难，住房没有保障，贫困户孩子就学没保障等等诸多的问题，构成了丰收村人面前的一座难以翻越的山。面对这座山，年轻的第一书记惊呆了，犯难了，如此多的问题扑面而来，他真的不知道登山的那条路的第一个台阶在哪里。<br /> 教师出身的王振平，有一个良好的习惯，遇到问题，就去查资料，翻书本，求教于别人的经验。她的妻子曾经是她的同事，也是个优秀的教师，虽然家中有公婆和孩子，都需要她的关爱和照顾，但是她非常理解丈夫的心愿，深明扶贫攻坚的大义，经常和丈夫交流探讨，但凡丈夫忧虑的问题，她都会设身处地，广开思路，为丈夫提供信息和建议。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====吴敏 Wu Min====<br /> <br /> 想想咱们手里有什么资源吧，妻子提示道。对呀，王振平分管的旗文联，真的是清水衙门，除了四面八方的文学艺术家朋友，还是这些文学艺术家朋友。他们并非腰缠万贯的大款，但是他们的创作影响力，就是最大的财富和资源。2016年，王振平面对冯喜仁一家的状况 ，请来一位文学艺术界朋友，拍摄制作了视频，在水滴平台上为冯喜仁一家发起筹款，筹集到捐款两万三千元万元。虽然这点钱，对于冯喜仁一年十二万的治疗费来说，还是杯水车薪，但是足以让王振平的眼前一亮，脑洞大开，原来在熙熙攘攘的网上森林里，鲜花盛开，阳光流淌，只要你寻觅到通路，爱心就会像奔跑的春风，来到你的身边。2019年，女儿冯小伟突然病重，冯喜仁家的境遇雪上加霜，王振平再次发起网上求助，通过今日头条和水滴平台，呼喊求助，让更多的人听到了这父女二人渴盼救治的声音。他日夜拿着手机，急切地盯着那个一点点一滴滴由小变大的数字，半个月过去了，他的呼唤得到两万六千位爱心人士的响应，筹集到捐款五十四万八千元！王振平在欣慰的同时，十分紧张。他知道自己是使用现代科技手段的新手，操作起来稍不注意，可能出错，筹集到这笔钱的最终目的，是及时让患者得到治疗，一切都需要法律保驾护航。为了能合法及时使用这笔捐款，不出纰漏，他请教专业人士，起早贪黑学习了好一阵子，网上的操作过程，在别人看来已经是很快的了，对于心急如火的王振平来说，却是犹如油煎火燎一般难熬，终于，一切理顺，冯小伟得以到天津血液病医院治疗，很快病情转好，冯喜仁也开始了又一轮的化疗，虽然他每天服用的药需要二百元的费用，但是在大病救助政策之外，有了这笔捐款，彻底解决了他的后顾之忧。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 在这期间，冯喜仁的儿子冯海涛，顺利通过高考。家境濒临绝地，父亲危在旦夕，姐姐重病在身，冯海涛不由万念俱灰，每天无精打采。一个农村贫困家庭的孩子，需要付出多少超常人的努力，才能踏上大学的门槛！王振平想起当年因贫失学的二姐，想起了自己第一次走进大学校园时的心情，便安慰冯海涛说，现在有这么多的好政策，你爹会有人管，你就放心走，到了学校安心学，有困难找王哥。他和冯海涛一起坐在电脑前， 琢磨了几十次，把适应海涛就读的学校、专业、地区和奖补情况，掂量来掂量去，搞定了高考志愿，又一起申请了大学生补助、大学生贷款，直至冯海涛踏上了求学的旅途，王振平才放心。时代给予了自己怎样的帮助，我们相信年轻的冯海涛不会忘记。<br /> 如果说对于冯仁喜一家的帮助，属于一蹴而就，关键在于找到爱心通道，资金来了，问题基本解决，那么王振平对老滕家的帮助可就难上加难了。心地善良，憨厚老实，在重重困难面前勇于追求好日子的滕云祥，表面上看，性格里有一点轴，细思一番，那不是什么轴，而是在他自己都不易察觉的内心深处，依然埋藏着岁月留下的伤痕。光阴荏苒，时代步步更新，记忆常常恍若隔世，像旧电影的镜头般飞快地闪现，在与现实的撞击中，犹如隐形的乌云，遮挡住了老滕前行的目光。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====席书涵 Xi Shuhan====<br /> <br /> 老滕二十岁上，母亲精神失常，父亲也病重，在家种地已经不能养家，他只好远行到锡林格勒草原，放羊打草，把挣到的钱一分不剩地捎回家，让一家人过活。我见过和他一样在草原上打工放羊的农民，夏天风沙干旱，肌肤曝露，连皱纹里都是沙子，只有一条脏兮兮的旧毛巾围在脖子上，算是劳保用品，冬天，放羊的鞭子上落一口吐沫，即刻结冰，太阳出来了，像个画饼挂在天上，空气里依然除了冷就是雪，放眼望去，天和地扣在一起，犹如没有缝的大冰柜，羊群混在雪原上，被雪吞没，感觉唯一会动的就是自己。收牧了，把羊赶进圈，回到蒙古包，点燃牛粪，喝上一口奶茶，已是夜半。所以，我想老滕是遭过罪的人，对于劳作，他是不怕的。 但是从他的故事里，我们总是能感觉到一丝畏葸，一丝歉疚。<br /> 我来到老滕家的那天，王振平也在场。上半场，老滕给我讲家史，下半场，大家讲老滕。当初老滕一贫如洗，母亲每个月要花几百块治病，儿子上学每月也要花几百块钱。那状况大家可以想象<br /> 现在，老滕满脸笑容，言辞质朴，只有感谢二字不绝于口，还特地告诉我，他听王书记的听对了。<br /> 王振平说，我也曾被他们两口子的孝顺感动……<br /> <br /> When Lao Teng was in his twenties, his mother got lunatic and his father severely ill, farming in home hasn’t been able to support their life now. He had no choice but trekked to Xilin Gole Steppe to herd sheep and mow grass, sending all the money he earned home to support his family. I had seen the peasants who herded sheep for others like him before. In the summer, the wind dry and sand arid, with their skin exposed to the air, sand could even be found in their winkles. A dirty towel swathed on their necks was all they had as the labour protection appliance. In the winter, a spite on the herding whip would freeze into ice in no time. Though the sun peeped, it was just like a round pie hanging on the sky, and all you could feel in the air was either the piercing cold or the snow. Looking at the horizon, the heaven and earth were seamlessly connected like a great refrigerator. The sheep herds mixed into the snow land, engulfed in the snow, the only moving thing seemed to be oneself. After driving all the sheep in the sheepfold and returning back to the ger, igniting the cow dung and taking a sip of milk tea, the mid-night had arrived. Based on that, I judged that Lao Teng had suffered a lot. Though he was not afraid of hard toil, we could feel, from his story, a tinge of timidity and guilt. On the day I first paid a visit to Lao Teng’s home, Wang zhenpin was also there. In the first half, Lao Teng told us his family history, in the second half, we talked over Lao Teng. At that time, Lao Teng lived in dire destitution as every month his mother would spend several hundred yuan on medical treatment and his son also needed hundreds of yuan in school each month, you can imagine how hard his situation was. Today’s Lao Teng is radiant with smile and his words simple and plain but he never ends expressing his gratitude. He told me especially that it was right for him to listen to Secretary Wang. Wang Zhenpin said he was also moved by the filial couple before......<br /> <br /> ====夏盼 Xia Pan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 这样的一个贫病交加的家里，每每会出现这样的情景——老母亲生病了，需要静脉点滴，一扎针，老人便十分紧张，于是犯病，不管不顾地拼命往外跑，那失控的力气一般人拦不住。这时候，滕云祥两口子，就一人抱住母亲的上身，另一个人保住母亲的两腿，一抱就是几天几夜，直到治疗结束，把医护人员都感动得落泪。 <br /> 跑，已经成了林群意的本能，甚至在刚刚做完开颅手术之际，也会从病床上起身跑出去。<br /> 这是当初落下的心结魔障。忍受屈辱之时，她无数次地逃跑过，又被找回来责打，所以，逃跑这个想法，每一天都在她心底悸动。人们说是怜悯之心人皆有之，然而久病床前无孝子，身边有一个这样一个疯疯癫癫的人，一般人很难做到初心不改，只有深深地理解她的人，才能始终如一地照顾她，保护她。在滕云祥一家人的心里，这个老人，不是拖累，而是心尖上的宝贝。<br /> 小于滕云祥十三岁的妻子王铃梅，虽然永远说不清自己的年龄多大，见到生人从不敢说话，眼神空洞，看似失魂落魄，好像对这个世界一无所知。但是她在老人面前却是个好儿媳，老太太每天吃好穿暖，收拾得干干净净，有她的一份功劳，难怪，当我们一行到她家的时候，她直愣愣地坐在我们面前，滕云祥看看她，眼光却是那么疼爱。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====夏依颐 Xia Yiyi ====<br /> <br /> 滕云祥的儿子健康懂事，正在上高中，杨明霞告诉我，奶奶的小帽子，小丝巾，都是他给奶奶买的，她知道奶奶一辈子都爱美，即使是犯病的时候，也把知道穿戴整齐。人们说奶奶是个魔症，可是奶奶只要见到她的大孙子，立刻、永远都是笑容满面。我看到一张照片，是这祖孙俩的合影，孙子搂着奶奶自拍，奶奶带着过生日的王冠，沉醉在幸福之中。无疑，没有爱，老太太不可能活到现在。归根结底，是有孝心的滕云祥营造了家里的氛围，给全家人做了一个好榜样。<br /> 滕云祥在村里人缘极好，哪家有活儿，他都带着媳妇去帮忙，还总是抢着最脏最累的活干。乡亲们纷纷夸奖滕云祥人好厚道。一些高龄老人，还记得浩劫年代的一些往事，说滕云祥随他的病妈妈，她妈妈没有病的时候，见人不笑不说话，不管见到谁家的孩子，都要把自己孩子手里的食物分出来一些给他吃，可惜了……<br /> 滕云祥这个好人，是在母亲的苦难里，懂得了一定要做个好人。<br /> <br /> Teng Yunxiang's son, healthy and obedient, is in high school. Yang Mingxia told me that it was he who bought little hats and silk scarves for his grandmother who has always loved beauty all her life; even when she suffered from an attack, she would still be neatly dressed. People assume that Grandma suffered more mentally than having physical problems, as she would smile radiantly the moment she sees her grandson. I saw a selfie of them in which the grandmother was held in her grandson’s arms with a crown on her head for her birthday, indulging in happiness. No doubt, without love, she couldn’t be alive today. The credit for her longevity went to the filial atmosphere at home created by Teng Yunxiang, which set the whole family a good example. Teng enjoys great popularity in the village, for he always took his wife to help anyone in need of a helping hand and eagerly did all the dirtiest and most backbreaking labour. Thus, villagers thought highly of him for being kind and generous. Some elderly people still remembered some past events back in the frightening years, saying Teng was just like his sick mother, quiet but helpful and kindhearted. Before his mother got sick, she neither smiled nor spoke when meeting people, but she would certainly share some of the food for her kids with any child she might encounter in the village. What a sad reality that Teng learned to be a kind man through what his mother has experienced.<br /> <br /> ====夏紫纯 Xia Zichun ====<br /> <br /> 老滕一家的故事，整日在王振平的心里翻腾，如何把这个故事终结，帮住他们一家创造一个幸福的新故事呢？想来想去，王振平想到了养羊这个项目上。老滕以前放过羊，虽然当年的草原游牧和如今的棚圈养殖有很大区别，但是对他来说，没有隔行如隔山的难题。他和老滕一商量，老滕同意了。经过审核，老滕得到了扶贫专项款的支持。 <br /> 老滕乐了。白雪团儿似的基础母羊进家了，咩咩的叫声，让院子里立马有了生气，数数，一只、两只……一共二十五只，还有一只又高又壮的种公羊。王振平给老滕算了一笔账，一个羔子卖八百元，这个品种的小尾寒羊，一胎可以下两羔子，一年下来收入个三两万，应该是没有问题的，正常情况下，老滕家脱贫指日可待。<br /> 同时，王振平给老滕一家三口申请了低保，为老滕的儿子申请了三千元的助学金。恰好旗政府在丰收村创办了一个脱贫攻坚讲习所，对全旗村民进行思想文化和农业技术培训，王振平让老滕参加养羊的技术培训班，老滕说，那时候在草地放羊，夏天往有水有草的地方一撒，看着别让狼进群就得了，雪天赶着羊群找马蹄子踏过的地方就有草吃了，剩下的我啥也不懂， 科技指导员来讲课，那就是天上掉下了及时雨，万万不能错过。便穿戴得整整齐齐，去了。<br /> <br /> <br /> The elderly Teng’s family story tumbled in Wang Zhenping’s heart all day long. He was thinking how to put an end to his trouble and how to help his family to create a new story with happiness? Thinking about it, Wang Zhenping came up with the project of raising sheep. Elderly Teng used to have sheep. Although there was a big difference between nomadic herding in the grassland and raising sheep in the shed, for him this matter is not as difficult as a complete change of occupation. Elderly Teng agreed after they had a discussion about it. After verification, elderly Teng got exclusive money for poverty alleviation. <br /> <br /> Elderly Teng had a smile on his face. The snowy ewes came into the house, and their bleating made the yard come to life immediately. He counted these sheep, one, two …twenty-five in total, including a tall and strong female ram. Wang Zhenping made an income plan for elderly Teng: a lamb could be sold for eight hundred yuan, and this kind of cold-resistant sheep with small tail could lay two lambs in one litter, so a year later the income of thirty to twenty thousand should be a piece of cake. Under normal circumstances the poverty alleviation for elderly Teng was just around the corner. <br /> <br /> At the same time, Wang Zhenping applied for low-income subsidies for the elderly Teng and his two family members, and also applied for a 3,000 yuan grant for elderly Teng’s son. It so happened that the Qi official had founded a study hall in Fengshou village for poverty alleviation, aiming to train the villagers in ideology, culture and agricultural technology. When Wang Zheping asked Teng to attend a technical training course on sheep farming, he said that, at that time, he herded sheep on the grass, and his job was to drive the sheep to places with water and grass in summer, and to guard against wolves entering the flock. In snowy days, he drove the sheep to find the place where the horses’ hooves had trodden so that they could have grass to eat. Other than that, I don’t know anything else. So when the technology instructor came here to give a lecture, it was like timely rain falling from the sky, and we could not miss it. Finishing speaking, he dressed up and went to the hall.<br /> <br /> ====向明慧 Xiang Minghui ====<br /> <br /> 这厢王振平正忙得团团转。一方面要把村里的党建工作抓到实处，成立联合党支部后，推行固定党日、党员集中学习，营造心往一处想，劲往一处使的氛围，自己带头讲党课，倡导开展以“振兴乡村，支部引领，党员带头”的活动，让中央脱贫攻坚重大举措，在全村上下每一个村民心里落地生根。另一方面要按照上级的安排，承担农民讲习所的管理和教务工作。为了不断调动农民积极性，让他们参与到文明乡村的建设中来，王振平还学习外地经验，在旗委宣传部的支持下，创办了丰收村爱心超市……<br /> <br /> Wang was as busy as bee. On one hand, after the establishment of local Party branch, he was appointed to administer fundamental Party affairs, including collective learning of the Party's new theories on fixed days to cultivate an atmosphere of unity and dedication. Wang delivered courses about the history and philosophies of the Party and advocated activities of &quot;rural rejuvenation&quot; participated mostly by Party members under the leadership of local Part branch. These activities were a part of the great vision of China's poverty alleviation put forward by the CPC Central Committee. And Wang was responsible to inform all the villagers of related policies and notions. On the other hand, he was designated to administer local farmers' education programs. He was sent to learn from successful cases of rural vitalization in other villages so as to boost local villagers' enthusiasm to build a more beautiful and livable countryside. What's more, a village supermarket was set up with the support of the Publicity Department of Aohan Banner.<br /> <br /> 工作千千万，就看干不干。王振平从陌生到熟悉，从不知道怎么下手，到一件事一件落实到位，体会了有条件上，没有条件创造条件也要上的不易，也获得了成功的喜悦。总之，忙起来了，动起来了，就没有闲下来的空了，说的是驻村干部五天四宿在村里，双休日回家休息，对王振平来说，一个月四周，能回家一次，已经是常态了。每当双休日，上头没有督查考核，他总是在村民的家里地里转，哪个村民家有什么事，他总是比这户村民的亲戚知道的还早。他给村民办的好事越多，村民便越信任他，每天找他的人一个接一个，他们向他求助的事，也是五花八门，各式各样，甚至让他哭笑不得。什么小公鸡见面掐架，掐得满鸡圈都是鸡毛和鸡血；什么热水器放不出水来怎么办，放出来的洗澡水冰凉怎么办；什么上了农民讲习所，发现以前和婆婆打仗，赌气回了娘家，现在一想不对了，想回来，婆家不来人接怎么办……<br /> <br /> One can either work hard or do nothing faced with endless tasks. Wang chose the former. Ar first, he had no idea what to do with all those tasks in the village but he never quit. With little assistance, he groped his way to overcome difficulties and finally finished his tasks. A sense of achievement and excitement welled up in him. He seldom had leisure time since then. For most village cadres, weekends were their holidays as they would rest in the village committee on weekdays. But that's not true for Wang. He usually went back home once a month on a weekend. On weekends when no one would check the performance of cadres, he would actively visit villagers to learn about any problems they met and helped them. Therefore he knew better about the problems bothering the villagers, even faster than their relatives. The more help he offered to villagers, the more trusted villagers were about him. Every day he was asked to deal with all sorts of incidents, sometimes queer. He was asked what to do with roosters that fighted violently ending up with wounds and fallen feathers; with water heaters that couldn't work well ; with family squabble that a village woman quarrelled with her mother-in-law, left there out of anger and went to her parents's home. Yet she regretted losing her head after learning in the farmers' education program and realizing the possibility that her husband's family may not send someone to ask her to come back.<br /> <br /> ====肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 这不，半夜三更的，电话又响了。他拿起手机一看，是老滕，有一阵子没去老滕家了，莫不是老太太有啥不好？<br /> <br /> See! the phone rang again in the middle of the night. Wang picked up the mobile phone and saw that it was from Teng. He didn't go to Teng's house for a while. Is there any wrong with the old lady?<br /> <br /> See! the phone rang again at midnight. Wang picked up his mobile phone and saw that it was from Teng. He didn't go to Teng's house for a while. Was there anything wrong with the old lady?<br /> <br /> 老滕在那头都带哭腔了。王书记啊，不好了，我得报个案。<br /> <br /> On the phone, Teng was talking with crying voice:&quot; Secretary Wang! Oh no, something has to be reported.&quot;<br /> <br /> On the phone, Teng was speaking in tears :&quot; Secretary Wang! Oh no, something has to be reported.&quot;<br /> <br /> 什么？什么事？老滕语无伦次，看来是太着急了：我家羊……我家羊死了一地，个个都是大母羊，说话就揣羔子了……<br /> <br /> &quot;What’s going on?&quot; Teng was almost incoherent with fear:&quot; My sheep...my sheep died, which all are big ewes, and will give birth to lambs soon...&quot;<br /> <br /> &quot;What’s wrong?&quot; Teng was almost incoherent with worry:&quot; My sheep...my sheep died, which all are big ewes, and will give birth to lambs soon...&quot;<br /> <br /> 王振平一听也急了，咋死的，受伤了？羊圈进狼了？<br /> <br /> Wang was also anxious:&quot; Why did they die? Is it because they were hurt or the wolf went into the sheepfold?&quot;<br /> <br /> Wang heard this and was also anxious:&quot; Why did they die? Is it because they were hurt or the wolf went into the sheepfold?&quot;<br /> <br /> 不是，不是，是有人投毒了。<br /> <br /> &quot; No, no, someone has poisoned them.&quot;<br /> <br /> &quot; No, no, someone has poisoned them.&quot;<br /> <br /> 怎么可能？<br /> <br /> &quot; That is impossible!&quot;<br /> <br /> &quot; That is impossible!&quot;<br /> <br /> 王振平一个翻身起来，一边穿衣服，一边深一脚浅一脚地往老滕家跑。<br /> <br /> After rolling over and getting up, he staggered to Teng's house while he dressing.<br /> <br /> After rolling over, he staggered to Teng's house while he dressing.<br /> <br /> 果然，六只大母羊倒在圈里，体温还有，眼睛还水汪汪的，但是的确已经死了。说话间，又有两只母羊在抽搐蹬腿，很快也停止了呼吸。<br /> <br /> Sure enough six ewes fell down in the sheepfold, remaining body temperature and watery eyes, but they were definitely dead. During the conversation, two more ewes twitched and kicked, and soon stopped breathing. <br /> <br /> As expected, six ewes fell down in the sheepfold, remaining body temperature and watery eyes, but they had really dead. While talking, two more ewes were twitching and kicking, and soon stopped breathing. <br /> <br /> 王振平按按羊肚子，发现都是膨胀的。<br /> <br /> Wang pressed the ewe's belly, finding that it was inflated.<br /> <br /> Wang pressed the ewe's belly and found that it was inflated.<br /> <br /> 老滕急得原地打转转，接着像晕倒了似的，一屁股坐在了草堆里。<br /> <br /> Teng was so anxious to walk around the circle, and then like being fainted, sat in a haystack.<br /> <br /> Teng was anxious ang went in circles, and then liked being fainted, sat in a haystack.<br /> <br /> 半晌，老滕才冒出一句话：“都怪我爹当年伤人太狠了……”<br /> <br /> After a while, Teng just gave a word:&quot; That’s on my father for seriously hurting others.&quot;<br /> <br /> After a while, Teng just said one thing:&quot; That’s on my father for greatly hurting others.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====肖娜 Xiao Na====<br /> <br /> 老滕非要去报案。看着一地死羊，找不到什么原因。他的直觉里，这就是一种报复，村里当年的老人还在，他们还记着当时受到的伤害，怎么会愿意看着老滕家过上好日子呢。童年的记忆已经造成了深深的负罪感，成了老滕心中治不好的伤。<br /> <br /> Teng insisted on reporting the case.Looking at the dead sheep on the ground, he couldn't find the reasons.Intuitively , he thought that this was a sort of revenge. The elderly people in the village were still here and remembered the hurts they suffered at that year, so how would they like to see the Teng's family live a good life? The memory of childhood had already brought deep sense of guilt and became an incurable hurt in Teng's heart.<br /> <br /> Teng insisted on reporting the case. Looking at those dead sheep lying on the ground, he couldn’t figure out the reason why they got killed. Intuitively, he thought that was a sort of revenge. For those elderly people who were still alive, they remembered the damage suffered at that time and they are not allowing Teng’s to get a better life. In Teng’s mind, childhood memories have caused him a deep sense of guilt, which has become a wound that can not be cured.<br /> 王振平年轻，他的头脑里没有那不可饶恕的岁月，一时有点发懵。不知道说什么才好。但是他觉得投毒的说法太荒唐，抬头看看，羊圈里还真安装着摄像头。于是他说，老滕大哥，天亮了，咱们先找兽医，保住活着的羊。<br /> <br /> Wang Zhenping was young and didn't experience that unforgivable years so he was a little confused for a moment. He didn't know what to say, but he felt it was ridiculous to someone put poisons down,and then,he looked up and found that there was really a camera in the sheepfold. Then he said, &quot;Big brother Teng, It's dawn, we can go to the vet first to keep the living sheep .&quot;<br /> <br /> The young Wang Zhenping didn’t experience those inexcusable past just like Teng, so he was baffled for a moment and didn’t know what to say. But he thought the idea of poisoning was ridiculous, and then he looked up, finding that there was a camera in the sheepfold. So he said: “Mr.Teng, morning dawns. Let’s go find a vet first to save those sheep alive.”<br /> <br /> <br /> 找来了兽医，解剖了死羊，老滕傻了。原来是他用喂猪的方法喂羊铸成的大错。羊的胃适合吃草反刍，可以加一些玉米秸和粮食合成的精饲料，但不能用其替代饲草。老滕的羊，全部吃精饲料，导致胃酸过多。兽医打开羊肚子一看，胃粘膜全部脱落，羊就是这个原因死的。<br /> <br /> Looking for a vet to dissect the dead sheep, Teng was stunned because the real reason was his wrong way feeding sheep.The sheep's stomach is fit for eating grass and ruminating or adding some concentrated feed compounded by corn straw and grains,but this kind of feed couldn't be used as a substitute for forage.All the Teng's sheep ate concentrated feed,resulting in excessive stomach acid. When the vet opened the sheep's stomach, its all gastric mucosa fell off.That was why the sheep died.<br /> <br /> They called a veterinarian and dissected the dead sheep and Teng was stunned. It turned out that he had made a big mistake by feeding the sheep in the same way as he had fed the pigs. The sheep’s stomach is suitable for grazing and ruminating. Corn stalks and high levels of concentrate made from grain can be added, but cannot be used as a substitute. Teng’s sheep, owing to grazing high levels of concentrate, has caused hyperacidity. When the vet opened the sheep’s stomach, its gastric mucosa was all coming off and that was why the sheep died. <br /> <br /> 俗话说，吃一堑长一智，老滕懂得了科技的重要性，每天精心照看他的羊，三天两头，就给村里的技术指导员打个电话，请教一下。他的手机是广东的亲戚淘汰的老款机，装手机的皮套，是他在垃圾堆里捡来的，他把手机放在皮套里，系在腰上，非常自信地说，管它新的旧的，只要能找到王书记，找到技术指导员，就是最好的手机！他养羊有了收益，后来一想，反正也是不出院门的活计，索性又抓了一只母猪养起来，果然是猪肥羊壮，猪仔羊羔满圈。到了2017年底，一算账，收入了一万多元。老滕拿了几张百元大钞给母亲，神志不清的母亲恍若梦醒，一把抓过了钞票，要儿子藏起来，苦难的记忆像挥之不去的病毒，时刻让她处于处于恐惧和戒备中。<br /> <br /> There was an old saying goes, a fall into the pit,a gain in your wit.Teng understood the importance of science and technology, so he took good care of his sheep and called technical instructor in the village to seek advice every two or three days. His mobile phone was an old model eliminated by his relatives in Guangdong.He picked up leather sheath for his phone from scrap heap, and then put his phone into the sheath and tied it around his waist.With great confidence, he said ,&quot;Whatever my phone is new or not, as long as I can connect with Secretary Wang and technical instructor,it is the best one!&quot; He had incomes from sheep farming, and then he thought that it didn't need to go out anyway so he simply raised a sow.Sure enough,pigs were fat and sheep were strong and the pens were full of piglets and lambs. By the end of 2017, he earned more than 10,000 yuan. He gave his mother a couple hundred yuan,and his delirious mother suddenly woke up and took the bills to ask his son to hide them.The grueling memory was just like lingering virus, which kept her in fear and alert all the time.<br /> <br /> As the saying goes: a fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. Teng understood the importance of science and technology, so he took good care of his sheep and called instructors in the village to seek advice almost every day. His phone was outdated, obsolete by his relatives in Guangdong, and the leather sheath he used to fit his phone was picked up from the rubbish. He put his phone into the sheath and fastened it around his waist and confidently said that: “I don’t care whether my phone is stylish or outdated, as long as it can call Secretary Wang and instructors, then it’s the best one for me.” Later, he had earned some money from it and thought that it was not a job needed to work outside the farm anyway, so he just bought a sow and fed it. As expected, the sow and sheep were strong and fat, with pens full of piglets and lambs. By the end of 2017, after accounting, he earned more than 10,000 yuan. Teng gave his mother a few 100-dollar bills and his delirious mother suddenly woke up, grabbed the bills and asked her son to hide them. The miserable memory was just like a lingering virus, which immersed her with fear and alert all the time.<br /> <br /> ====肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin ====<br /> <br /> 这一来，老滕家的院子就显小了，恰好房子后面还有一块空地，王振平建议老滕盖个带棚的大羊圈。老滕现在是彻底服了，王振平说什么他都接受，他说凡是王振平给他出的道，都是亮堂堂的好道。他仰起满是皱纹和汗珠子的脸 ，像孩子依赖大人似的问王振平：“书记，没钱咋办?”<br /> Thus, Teng’s yard looked smaller. It happened that there was an empty space at the back of the house so Wang Jianping suggested Teng to build a large sheep pen with a shed. Teng was now completely convinced and accepted all opinions from Wang’s and he also said that everything Wang said were all excellent solutions. He raised his weather-wrinkled and sweaty face and asked Wang like a child relying on adults: “Secretary, I have no money. What should I do?”<br /> <br /> 是啊，没钱咋办。王振平帮助老滕撰写好清晰客观的信息，在中国社会扶贫网上发起社会众筹，一夜之间，就得到了广泛的关注，内蒙古互联网＋社会扶贫信息中心的负责人，第一时间联系了王振平和滕云祥，并联系滕讯新闻摄影团队，到敖汉丰收村，现场拍摄了滕云祥一家的生活生产状况，在他们的联手推动下，两万块钱迅速到位，羊圈盖起来了，宽敞暖和，羊不用踩着自己的屎尿走来走去了。老滕说，这样养的羊，肉不膻。<br /> Right, one can’t do anything without money. Wang then helped Teng compose a clear and objective personal information about Teng’s family and launched a crowd founding on the China’s Social Poverty Alleviation Website. It received widespread public attention overnight and the head of Inner Mongolia Internet and Social Poverty Alleviation Information Center immediately contacted Wang and Teng. He also invited Tencent’s professional photographic team to AoHan harvest village, filming Teng Yunxiang’s living conditions and production situations. With their joint efforts, 20,000 yuan were quickly in place and a larger pen was build, spacious and warm. Sheep can walk freely without stepping on their own shit and urine. Teng said that the sheep raised in this way did not smell “goaty”. <br /> <br /> 王振平放心了，转身投入了紧张的工作之中。<br /> 自从2016年驻村以来，他就帮助村里的建宇农民种植合作社，流转土地一千余亩，种植有机小米，使带动一百五十三户农民增收，令贫困户四十三人直接受益，他又开始筹备将贫困户种的有机杂粮杂粮大黄米，交由合作社统一包装销售，让建宇牌小米登堂入室，通过淘宝、天猫拼、多多走到全国消费者的生活中。<br /> <br /> ====谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu ====<br /> <br /> 敖汉旗脱贫攻坚讲习所成立以来，一直由王振平具体负责，两年多的时间里，已经培训来自全旗的四千多名贫困户，扶贫先扶志，王振平安排的课程，总是使用接地气的方式，让贫困户改变乐因循守旧的观念，看到社会主义新农村的光明前景，同时学会了新的农业生产技能。<br /> 对于村里的贫困户各式各样的困难，他带领工作队的同志们，不遗余力，想方设法，一一解决，先后通过赤峰市和敖汉旗残联，帮助丰收村的残疾人落实了培训项目，解决了三十台轮椅，二十台坐便器，二十个助听器，一一发放到需要者的手里。还特别为残疾人刘瑞亮安装了价值九万余元的假肢，为残疾的张楚晗小朋友落实了就学问题。<br /> 丰收村的每天都有喜人的变化，每一户贫困家庭，都体验到了天天都是好日子的滋味儿， 王振平的心里无比欣慰，每天忙得不亦乐乎。<br /> <br /> Since the Ao Hanqi’s instructing and practicing institute of poverty alleviation was set up, Wang Zhenping has been responsible for it. For over two years, they had trained more than 4000 Quanqi’s poor families to build up their morale and courage before the implementation of anti-poverty projects. The courses he arranged always used a down-to-earth approach to help poor families change their conservative ideas, see the bright prospect of a new socialist countryside, and learn new agricultural production skills. For all kinds of difficulties of poor families in the village, he led the task force to spare no efforts and try their best to solve them one by one. Through the Chifeng city and Ao Hanqi Disabled Person’s Federation, he helped the disabled people in the Harvest village to carry out the training program and distribute 30 wheelchairs, 20 toilets and 20 hearing aids to those who needed them. He also specially installed a prosthesis worth more than 90000 yuan for the disabled Liu Ruiliang, and help a disabled child, Zhang Chuhan solve the problem of entering school. There were great changes in the Harvest village every day, and every poor family has experienced the taste that every day is a good day. Wang Zhenping felt much relieved and worked hard every day.<br /> <br /> ====谢茜敏 Xie Ximin====<br /> <br /> 两不愁三保障，危房改造是一项硬指标。半农半牧地区的农民，骨子里是不大注重建房子的，我在赤峰所见，历史上除了王爷府，几乎见不到一般人家留下来的像样的老屋祖屋，移民而来的农民，一来就是弄个小窝棚委身其中，把心思都用在开荒种地上，民以食为天，而后才是住与行，好几百年，这里农民的吃饱饭的问题，是在改革开放之后才有所改善，所以他们特别能将就，有个破烂不堪的土房茅舍遮风挡雨，便心安理得了。他们还有一个小心眼儿，不愿意动用手里好不容易存下的那几个钱，我在很多村子都听说了这种情况，有的农民直接就说了：“如果国家把钱包了，我们痛快就扒（旧房）。”<br /> 拆房子的事阻力重重。有的人家说，重建的房子不如原来大，儿女过年过节回来，没地方住；有的人家说老两口活不了多少年了，没必要改善住房了。王振平没想倒的是，最大的一个难题，竟然出现会出现在老滕家。<br /> <br /> <br /> To ensure that rural poor people are free from worries over food and clothing and have access to compulsory education, basic medical services and safe housing, the renovation of dilapidated houses is a key indicator. People living in farming-pastoral region didn’t emphasize building houses in nature. From my view in Chifeng, there was almost no decent ancestral house in ordinary family except for the house of the prince. Farmers who immigrated from other places always rigged up a small shanty to live in and then were devoted to working the land, for food was the paramount necessity of people and living and transportation came second. Farmers here had suffered from famine for hundreds of years. Until the reform and opening-up policy was implemented, this problem got alleviated. Therefore, they were particularly accustomed to living in awful conditions. They felt at ease when they had a shabby thatched cottage to keep out wind and rain.<br /> They also stinted on another matter. They were not willing to spend the little money that they had been saving for so long. I had heard of this situation in many villages. Some farmers directly said,” If the government took on the money, we will pull down the old house without any hesitation.” The deconstruction work faced tremendous difficulties. Some people said their children would have no place to sleep in every New Year or festivals, for the new-built house would be smaller than the old one. Some said it’s unnecessary for them couples to improve the living environment for they thought that they should not live many years. To Wang Zhenping’s surprise, one of the biggest problems should appear in the old Teng’s.<br /> <br /> ====谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou====<br /> <br /> 村干部和工作队一进院，老滕就一个不拆，两个不拆地打断了干部们的话，他媳妇王玲梅，不知道啥时候，把家里一些看着值钱的东西死死抱在怀里，好像干部们会把她家的东西给扔出门外，强拆他们家的房子似的，正说着话，精神病老奶奶，手执一把水果刀，猛然就冲了出来，她的劲头没人拦得住，大家无功而返。<br /> 问题还是在老滕身上，可能是他的思想没有转过弯来。这两年卖羊，他手里有个一两万是没问题的，但是他不想花，死攥着，就怕有个为难遭灾的时候两手空空。对生活的没有安全感，他的精神世界，依然处于几十年留下的阴影里。<br /> 王振平特意请老滕吃饭，席间有几盅小酒相佐。<br /> 王振平说，老滕哥你不是说，我给你指的都是亮堂道吗？<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====谢紫佳 Xie Zijia====<br /> <br /> 老滕说，可不是，没有你的帮助，哪有今天的好日子。<br /> 王振平说，那我让你改建房子，你为啥不听？<br /> 老滕说 ，还不是舍不得手里那一脚踢不倒的两个钱。<br /> 王振平说，你留着钱干啥？你看你院子里的羊多好，以后卖的钱会翻几番。<br /> 老滕说，用钱的时候在后面呢，看病的事儿虽然在你们的帮助下不愁了，儿子还得上学，还得娶媳妇吧？<br /> 一听老滕说娶儿媳妇，王振平不由噗呲一笑——我说老滕哥，就你家现在的破房子，谁家丫头愿意嫁给你们家？咱家儿子好小伙子一个，要是在大学里领个对象回来，敢进咱家的破房子吗？政府给你机会你不把握，有你后悔那一天！<br /> 老滕不吱声，脸通红。<br /> “你难道也想让你儿子跟你当年一样？”<br /> Lao Teng said, yeah, without your help, how to get a good day today. Wang Zhenping said, then I asked you to remodel your house, why don’t you listen? Lao Teng said, I just can’t let go of the much less money. Wang Zhenping said, you keep the money for what? How good the sheep in your yard, the money sold in future will be multiplied. Lao Teng said, the time to use money is in the back, although the matter of medical care with your help is not worry, my son still has to go to school, and still has to marry a daughter-in-law, right? When heard Lao Teng say marry a daughter-in-law, Wang Zhenping couldn’t help puff a smile - I said Lao Teng brother, your house is now broken, who would like to marry your family? Our son is a nice young man, if he get a girlfriend back in college, dare to enter our house? The government gives you the opportunity you do not gasp, you will regret one day! Lao Teng didn’t say anything, his face went scarlet. “Do you want your son to be like you back then?”<br /> <br /> ====熊丹 Xiong Dan====<br /> <br /> 王振平知道这句话戳老滕的心，想了想还是说了。说完了又有点后悔。<br /> 说到底老滕是明白人，他眼泪在眼眶里转，说，我知道书记为我好。便把手里的酒杯端起来，还是心心念念那点钱：“王书记啊，我可就听你的啦，要是把钱花光了，遇到难处，我还得指望你拯救我……”<br /> 那你就放心吧，有政策在，有这么多共产党员在，哪能让你回到脱贫攻坚前呢。<br /> 二人一饮而尽，事就定下来了。<br /> 老滕事先把老母亲哄到门口的厢房里，安顿好，让她看不到院子里发生的事情。人和机器一起上，那座不堪一击的旧土房很快夷为平地，新房的地基随即开槽。这下老滕家可热闹了，村里人感念老滕两口子为人敦厚，几十年来，谁家有事，他们都跑在前头，如今终于有了回报的机会，一家伙来了一百多人帮忙，上房梁那天，按习惯主家是要请大家酒宴的，乡亲替老滕着想，一个个带着酒，带着肉，带着蔬菜和年糕，喜气洋洋地在老滕的新房子框子里痛饮了一顿。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====徐思禹 Xu Siyu====<br /> <br /> 两间新房子国家补助四万五，老滕拿出七千多元接了对面屋中间的大厨房。新家宽敞，暖和，干干净净，老太太好像也明白了，当人们把她从厢房里扶出来，她面对着新房子愣愣地站了一会，便乐乐呵呵地进了屋。<br /> 过年的时候，老滕捡了二十块自己做的豆腐，装了二十多个自己种的黄米蒸的粘豆包，至诚至爱地给王振平送到宿舍。<br /> 他贴着王振平的耳朵悄悄地说，从盖房这事儿看，乡亲们没记我们家的过，你看都来帮忙了。<br /> 王振平明白，折磨老滕几十年的阴影消失了。<br /> 疫情来了，老滕没二话，立马掏出了了二百元捐款，放下家里的伙计，参加环境整治的劳动。<br /> 作为第一书记，王振平好不高兴。2015年到2020年，他驻村已经五年，他的计划还有好多没有实现，他觉得在振兴社会主义新农村的道路上，丰收村已经走出了旧故事，而五年来自己做的这些事，正是给丰收村的新故事开了个头。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====杨思吟 Yang Siyin====<br /> <br /> 在老书记留下足迹的沙地上……<br /> <br /> 老书记叫根登，在1951至1983年间任乌兰敖都嘎查的党支部书记。<br /> 乌兰敖都在哪里？<br /> 乌兰敖都是阿什罕的一个嘎查，阿什罕是翁牛特旗的一个苏木。看内蒙古地图，有一块横跨通辽市和赤峰市地域、面积四万余平方公里的沙地，这就是科尔沁沙地。翁牛特旗就在科尔沁沙地的西侧，阿什罕乃至乌兰敖都嘎查位于其中沙化最严重的一隅。嘎查第一任党支部书记根登，五十年代初在这里带领牧民创建了中国第一个畜牧合作社，开启了治沙伟业。老书记八十年代退休，在1993年过世了，但是好像从来都没有离开这片土地一样，在乌兰敖都的田野牧场，在整个阿什罕的绿洲林地里，你随时可以感觉到他的存在。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====杨晰微 Yang Xiwei ====<br /> <br /> 老书记的名字叫根登，是一个贫苦蒙古族牧民的儿子。五十年代起，根登受党组织的指派，只身一人，从五十里开外的故乡海拉苏来到乌兰敖都，那时候乌兰敖都还不是一个村庄，也没有乌兰敖都这个闪光的名字，只是一片牧草稀疏的原始沙地，有十多户牧民在周围放牧， 正是老书记的到来，让这片土地有了党和国家的声音，当老书记终于把周边的十八家牧民召集起来聚居的时候，这里就成了乌兰敖都。乌兰敖都，汉译为红星，意味着新中国的明天与希望。<br /> 当我来到乌兰敖都，阿什罕苏木苏木达僧格，正在乌兰敖都畜牧合作社纪念馆门前等我。一九七六年出生的僧格，年初由苏木达转为党政职责一肩挑，同行的旗委宣传部副部长杨彦冬介绍，僧格是翁牛特旗最年轻的乡镇一把手，十分扎实能干。僧格如数家珍一般介绍老书记的事迹，介绍当年乌兰敖都畜牧合作社的情况。从他的言谈之中 ，听得出来，这个面对脱贫攻坚决胜之战考验的乡镇一把手，这个承接着一代代治沙人未竟事业的蒙古之子，对这块土地完全熟知，对老书记根登怀有无比的敬佩。<br /> <br /> ====余海铭 Yu Haiming====<br /> <br /> 曾经，科尔沁沙地不是沙地，是一片美丽的大草原。这片草原美如翡翠，一碧千里，西拉木伦河、老哈河等无数条银链般的河流，从西北方向的大兴安岭山系发源，一路留下星罗棋布的湖泊和支流，缭绕滋润着这片草原。蓝天白云，牛羊点点，游牧民族逐水草而居，安然生息。然而，清代开始的放垦开荒，将绿丝毯般的草原，划开了第一道伤口，暴露出了草原脆弱的土壤。从此，各种对草原生态损害接踵而来。<br /> 草原的腐殖层实际上只有二十公分不足的厚度，再往下就是沙土了。记得八十年代初，我陪歌唱家胡松华老师和他的夫人张曼茹老师，在呼伦贝尔草原一条自然路上行走，那时候草原上交通还是很落后的，基本都是这种车轮子生生压出来的路。记得汽车底盘中间下面的位置，草照样生长，刷刷地摩擦着汽车底盘，而汽车轮下，草原已经被碾压出了两条一尺深的沙沟。过了三十余年，我和包虎、乌琼两位好友去草原体验生活，无意中聊起了这条路，寻找时，却发现这条路仿佛人间蒸发了似的不见了。牧马人出身的包虎指着不远处的一条沙带告诉我，那就是我们要找的路。跟踪那条沙带，只见它时而是一条无法跨越的沙沟，时而又变成沙尘暄腾四溢的土堆，看起来仍在向两侧弥漫。这长长的，蜿蜒的，曾经被我们诗意地解释为通向天边的路，已经成了草原沙化的引擎，不停地带动着草原的裂口，引来无休止的扩张。附近可能是有人在草原上挖过草药，还有个狐狸洞，包虎说，如果明年再来看这些痕迹，就是一片沙地，最低是原来的几倍。 <br /> <br /> ====曾晨 Zeng Chen====<br /> <br /> 科尔沁草原，经历了多年的农耕介入、人口密集化，便如此这般地变成了大沙地。牧草稀疏，河流萎缩或者干涸，只有沙尘肆无忌惮，成了这片土地上无处不在的暴君。有几个顺口溜，这样描绘阿什罕——乌兰敖都一带的生活场景： “一年一场风，从春刮到冬，羊儿上房，白天黑天都点灯”。沙土把房子全覆盖成了土丘，羊顺势上了房看不见草，便咩咩地叫；一天到晚风沙遮天蔽日，不点灯屋里和黑夜一样。人们说，头年的坟墓，第二年清明扫墓，不一定能找到。<br /> 因此，科尔沁沙地的脱贫攻坚，永远不能离开保护恢复自然生态这个主题，没有好的生态，牛羊吃什么，喝什么，地里能长出来什么？何谈富裕？换句话说，只有在生态良好的背景下的脱贫致富，才是值得宣传弘扬的。<br /> <br /> Horqin Grassland, after years of farming and densely growing population, had so become a grand area of sand. With sparse forage grass and shrinking or dried up rivers, there is only freely raging sand and dust becoming the ubiquitous tyrant of this area. There are such rhymes to describe the living situation of Ashhan- Wulan Ado area like “A gale a year around, raging from spring to winter, the goats will climb up the house and the lights are lit from day to night.” The houses become hummocks after full coverage of sandy soils so that the sheep will climb up for grass and then bleating as there is no grass. From day to night the sand blown by the wind covered the sunlight and sky so there will be no light inside the house until you lit it. It is said that the grave buried last year is not sure to be found at the tomb-sweeping day next year. Therefore, the poverty alleviation of Horqin sandland should never be deviated from the theme of protection and restoration of nature and ecology. Without natural ecology, there will be no grass and water for cows and goats and no plants to grow to earn money. That is to say, only the ecological-friendly way of shaking off poverty and becoming prosperous is worth advocating and promoting.<br /> <br /> ====张海珊 Zhang Haishan====<br /> <br /> 仿佛已经十分遥远，也似就在眼前——一匹快马的剪影从远处的沙丘岗上慢慢飘来，马背上的人英姿挺拔，精悍矍铄，他穿过沙海，去寻找游牧在外的每一户牧民。那时候一场沙尘袭来，往往吞噬掉地表所有的人居标识，蒙古牧人所居住的蹦蹦房，低矮，呈半圆形，是用稀牛粪糊在柳条框架上制建的，人住在里面，寒冷，怕雨，还很容易被风沙埋住。根登来到乌兰敖都，第一个任务，是召集牧民，团结起来和风沙作斗争，他走遍了方圆上百里，寻找到流散于岌岌可危之中的十八户牧民 ，组成了乌兰敖都嘎查畜牧业生产合作社。而修复沙化的草原，首先要让人有一个可以抵御风沙的房子，再不能让牧民风餐露宿，住蹦蹦房了！于是他提议盖房子，要建结实、保暖、风雨无惧的居所，要让牧民安居而乐业。<br /> <br /> It seems to be a long time ago, but also feels not that long. The silhouette of a fast horse drifts slowly from a distant dune. The man riding on the horse's back has a dashing figure and spirited posture, he crosses the sea of sand to look for every herders outside. At that time, a sandstorm can easily erase all traces of human habitation above the surface. Mongolian herdsmen live in the low, semi-circular “Bengbeng houses”, which are made of wickers pasted together with cow manure. It’s cold to live in and not rainproof and also easy to be buried in the sand. The first task after Gendeng came to Ulan Aodu is to summon all herdsmen, and united them to fight against the sand. He walked through hundreds of miles around, looking for the eighteen houses of herdsmen scattered in the precarious part, and formed Ulan Aodu Gacha Husbandry Production Cooperative. To repair the sandy grassland, the first thing to do is to build houses that can withstand the wind and sand, ensuring that herdsmen no longer be exposed in the wilderness living in the “Bengbeng houses” ! So he proposed to build strong, warm houses that can withstand wind and rain, a place where the herdsmen can live and work happily.<br /> <br /> It seems to be a long time ago, but also seems not that long. The silhouette of a fast horse drifts slowly from a distant dune. The man riding on the horse's back has a dashing figure and spirited posture, and he crosses the sea of sand to look for every nomadic hersman. At that time, a sandstorm can easily erase all traces of human habitation above the surface. Mongolian herdsmen live in the low, semi-circular “Bengbeng houses”, which are made of wickers pasted together with cow manure. It’s cold to live in and not rainproof and also easy to be buried in the sand. The first task after Gendeng came to Ulan Aodu is to summon all herdsmen, and united them to fight against the sand. He walked hundreds of miles around, looking for the eighteen houses of herdsmen scattered in the precarious part, and formed Ulan Aodu Gacha Husbandry Production Cooperative. To repair the sandy grassland, the first thing is to build houses that can withstand the wind and sand, ensuring that herdsmen no longer be exposed in the wilderness living in the “Bengbeng houses” ! So he advises to build strong, warm houses that can withstand wind and rain, a place where the herdsmen can live and work happily.<br /> <br /> ====张珂珂 Zhang Keke====<br /> <br /> 乌兰敖都附近有一座石头山，只有那里可取盖房子打地基的石材。当根登书记组织大家上山采石的时候，居然无一人响应。大家难道不想有个像样的房子住吗？当然不是。那是因为什么呢？这要从蒙古族的文化理念说起。简单地说，蒙古人信奉的传统萨满教认为，天人合一，万物平等，他们对待自然的态度，是敬畏，是顺从，由于来自有大兴安岭深山，他们保留着敬山的传统，另一方面，赤峰一带的牧民多年受到佛教的影响，在自己的传统文化理念里，融入了生死轮回，因果报应的意识。人们认为此山是圣山，必须诚惶诚恐，不能不恭不敬，所以不愿意去采石。怎么办，难道让盖房建村，成为空空的梦想？这时候老书记听到大家在传说一件事，说是这座石山上，有许多狐狸洞，野生狐狸成群，其中有一只白色的大狐狸，长毛飘飘，仙姿妙曼，被人们传说得神乎其神，说是谁要动了白狐狸的毫毛，就会遭到天谴，以至人们放牧的时候，都不敢靠近那座石山。这个传说，提醒了根登老书记，他告诉牧民们，真的遭天谴，就让我一人承担，大家放心吧。便只身一人，横枪跃马，上了山，山上果然是狐狸的大本营，他没有费什么周折，就猎杀了一只白狐狸。他把白狐狸的皮张挂在村里的树杈上，任其随风飘扬，慢慢风干，而自己如常工作劳动，时间慢慢过去，乡亲们一看，并没有什么天谴的迹象，明白了从前的传言并不真实。根登书记趁热打铁，反复做乡亲们的工作，让他们放下思想负担，随即带领党员和积极分子，率先上山动土采石，慢慢得到乡亲们的响应。大半年过去，牧民们笑逐颜开地住进了新房子。一个崭新的嘎查中流砥柱一般坐落在茫茫的沙海上。<br /> Near Ulan Aodu is a limestone mountain, where stone can be used for building foundation. When the secretary Gendeng organized people up the mountain for quarrying, unexpectedly there was no response. Don’t people want a decent home？Of course not？But what is the reason？It should date back to the cultural philosophy of Mongolians. In a word, Traditional Mongolian Shamanism believes that nature and man are a whole one and all creatures are equal. They regard the nature with awe and unquestioning obedience. For one thing, they are in awe of the mountain because of the Greater Hinggan mountains. For another thing, herdsmen in Chifeng, influenced by Buddhism for years, believe the endless round of birth and death and the law of Karma traditionally. In people’s minds, it is a holy mountain and should be respected, so no one likes to quarry. How to solve this problem? Won’t building the home become an empty talk？At that time, the secretary heard a story: On the stone mountain are many foxes living in the <br /> holes, one of which is white with long wool and immortal beauty. According to the story, if one lay a finger on it, he will taste the consequences. Therefore, people all dare not get close to the stone mountain when gazing. But it also occurred to the secretary that if it happens, I will suffer the curse so all of you can feel relieved. After that, he himself went up the mountain and saw plenty of foxes. He easily hunted and killed a white fox, and then put its fur on the branches of the village trees. He worked as usual. As time went by, the villagers found there was no sign of damination so that they realized the story was untrue.Secretary Gendeng strikes when the iron is hot, repeatedly trying to persuade the villagers to leave behind the burdens. Moreover, the party members and activists led by him went up mountain for quarrying and then many villagers joined in. After half a year, the herdsmen happily moved into the new houses. A new Gacha sits on a vast sea of land.<br /> <br /> ====张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei ====<br /> <br /> 冬天来了，气温在一点点下降，家家户户把牛羊圈起来，用牛粪烧热了火炕，围坐在小炕桌旁，嚼着奶干、奶豆腐、肉干，躲避着窗外的严寒和飞雪。可是老书记说，冷一点，再冷一点，冷得还是不太够……这是为了什么呢？原来，黄沙的侵入，不仅吞没了萋萋芳草，也导致草原上的很多河流断流，地下水下沉。乌兰敖都的房子建起来了，可是吃水的问题还没有解决。平日牧民吃水，饮牛羊，需要到很远的地方去拉水，途中风沙弥漫，烈日严寒，非常艰难。所以，老书记就动了在村里打井的心思。这之前，没有谁见过怎样在沙地里打井，大家毫无经验。天气暖和的季节他们便开工了，那时候打井不比现在有机器施工，全靠人工挖深坑，直到见到地下水，结果由于沙子不停流动，坑没挖多深，就被流沙埋住了，好不容易挡住了流沙，井口又塌方了，人在下面挖土很是危险，随时有被埋住的危险，弄得人们只好长叹一声，放下了手里的工具。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====张思诗 Zhang Sishi====<br /> <br /> 根登书记知道，水的问题不解决，即使有再好的房子，总有一天，人也不得不带着畜群离开这里，沙地很快会退化为原样，拼着性命创建的一切必将转瞬而逝。老书记就是这么个咬定青山不放松的人，他并没有被困难吓倒，开始组织大家实施冬季打井。别看沙坨子表面松软，两锹铲除浮沙，下面冻得杠杠硬。没有机器，全靠镐头刨，一镐头下去也就一个白茬，大家的手掌虎口都震裂了，打了半个月，也没打到两米深，人们不是失望而是绝望了，甚至流下眼泪。没有水，意味着什么，大家心里都非常清楚。老书记的法宝，就是毛主席的教导。他给大家讲起了愚公移山的故事：“太行、王屋两座大山,四面各七百里,高达七八千丈， 北山脚下有个叫愚公的人,年纪将近九十岁了,面对着山居住，进进出出曲折绕远.于是愚公召集全家人来商量说：“我和你们用尽全力铲平险峻的大山,使它一直通到豫州南部,到达汉水南岸,好吗?”大家纷纷表示赞同他的意见。愚公的妻子提出疑问说：“凭你的力量，怎能把太行、王屋这两座山怎么样呢?况且把土石放到哪里去呢?”大家纷纷说：“把土石扔到渤海的边上,”愚公于是带领三个能挑担子的子孙,凿石头,挖泥土,用箕畚运土送到渤海的边上。邻居的寡妇带着刚七八岁的孤儿,来帮助他们。冬夏换季,才往返一次。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====张婷 Zhang Ting ====<br /> <br /> 河曲的智叟讥笑着阻止愚公说：“你太不聪明了，凭你的余年剩下的力气,连山上的一根草都不能毁掉,又能把泥土和石头怎么样?”北山愚公长叹一声说：“你思想顽固,顽固到不能改变的地步,竟然比不上寡妇和小孩子.即使我死了,还有儿子在呀；儿子又生孙子,孙子又生儿子；子子孙孙是没有穷尽的,可是山不会增高加大,愁什么挖不平?”河曲智叟没有话来回答。<br /> 神听说了这件事,怕愚公不停地挖下去,向天帝报告了这件事。天帝被他的诚心感动,命令夸娥氏的两个儿子背走了两座山”<br /> 大伙说，老书记，你这讲的是个瞎话儿。老书记说不是瞎话儿，是毛主席著作里面写的。不信，我给你们念一念。<br /> <br /> A clever elder in He Qu derided Yu Gong, and he said, “You are far from brightness. You even cannot destroy the root of grass with your remaining strength, not to mention removing soil and rocks.” Yu Gong gave out a long sigh. “You are too stubborn to change your mind, even widows and children do better than you.” He responded, “Even if I died, my sons are still alive. They will have their own sons, and their sons will also have sons. This process is endless, but the mountain will not be higher and huger, why should we worry about removing the mountain?” The clever elder had no words to answer. Hearing this, the gnome was afraid that Yu Gong would continue to dig the mountain, so he reported the issue to the emperor of heaven. The emperor was so touched by Yu Gong’s sincerity that he ordered Kua moths’s two sons to carry away the two mountains.<br /> People said that the old secretary was spinning a yarn. But what the secretary said was not a lie, but what Chairman Mao wrote in his book. If you don’t trust me, I can read it to you.<br /> <br /> ====张文琦 Zhang Wenqi====<br /> <br /> 一听这是毛主席著作里面说的，大家说，毛主席的话，字字是真理，句句是明灯，我们听！顿时士气大增。大家烧火化冻，编柳条墙挡沙，夜以继日，连续奋战，挖出的沙土越积越高，坑越挖越深，渐渐地，上面看不到井底下的挖井人了。两个月过去了，眼看要过年了，挖下去的坑深达十几米，还是没有见到地下水。人心乱了，人性当中的某些不善开始显现，有人说，根登你这是得罪了长生天了，拐搭着全嘎查人跟着你没水吃，个别人甚至扬言，再不出水，就把根登埋在井底。看到牧民们情绪波动，根登老书记就把人们召集到一起，对大家说，从现在开始我一人下去挖，如果再不出水，你们就把我埋在井底下。正是数九寒天，大雪铺天盖地，吐口唾沫都成冰。我们的老书记根登，系紧了蒙古袍的腰带，把大襟掖到腰带上，手持火把，钻进了黑洞洞的井下。牧民感动了，叹服了，他们死守在井口，无数眼睛紧盯着系在老书记身上的绳子，绳子只要稍微有一刻不动了，他们就吓得汗一把泪一把……突然，那根上面牵着人们的心，下面牵着老书记性命的绳子开始剧烈抖动起来，人们慌了，有人喊起来，不好了出事儿了！也有人喊，快使劲，把根登拽上来，可能是见水了……大家齐心协力，把一个浑身湿漉漉的根登书记，拽了上来。根登书记说进去挖了好久，才见到湿土，最后一镐下去，地下水就像开锅了似地涌了上来。第一眼井就这样打成功了，乌兰敖都人再也不用犯愁了，好日子开始了！ <br /> <br /> ====周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan====<br /> <br /> 讲到这里，僧格苏木达非常激动。他带着我们来到当年老书记当年打下的这口井前。<br /> 如今虽然自来水早已通到了家家户户，但是这口井依然被乌兰敖都人精心保护着，我俯身往下一看，井深处一泓碧水，倒映着宁静的天空。僧格说，我们的老书记，就是这样一个可敬可爱的人，就是这样一个一心为民的共产党员，他老人家虽然已经故去多年，但是他的精神从来都没有离开这片土地。老师您在嘎查里随便走走，每一个乌兰敖都人都会告诉你老书记的故事。<br /> 僧格接着说，有这样的老书记在前面做榜样，老百姓时常是要在心里比一比的，他们手里的标尺就是老书记。所以，在阿什罕这个地方干工作，我们必须不忘初心，牢记使命，扎扎实实，拿真章，出新招，让广大群众不仅经济上脱贫致富，还要他们扩视野，开脑洞，就像当年跟着老书记治沙一样，让大家紧紧地围绕在党和政府周围，落实政策，获得收益。<br /> <br /> In talking about this,the monk Su Muda was very excited and led us to the well that the former secretary had dug. Now the tap water has been flowing to each and every family, but the well is still carefully protected by the people of Ulan Aodu. I bent down to see a deep well of clear water, reflecting the blue sky. “Our old secretary was such a respectable and lovely party member who served the people wholeheartedly. Although he has been dead for many years, his spirit has inspired generations after generations. Taking a walk here, you will hear everyone tell the story of our secretary. With such an secretary as the example, the people always compared their leaders with the secretary. Therefore, working in Ashham, we must stay true to our original purposes and keep our missions in mind, taking results-oriented and innovative approaches to help the masses not only get out of poverty, but also expand their vision and imagination. Just as the old secretary has done in the desertification control, we need to keep people closely around the CPC and the government, effectively implement policies and benefit all the people,” said the monk.<br /> <br /> Now Sengge Sudamu was very excited. He led us to the well the former secretary had dug. Even though now the tap water has been accessible to every family, the well is still carefully protected by the people of Ulan Aodu. I bent down to perceive the clear water in the bottom reflecting the azure sky. &quot;Our old secretary was such a respectable and lovely man and contributing Party member who served the people wholeheartedly. Although he has been passed away for many years, his spirit has inspired each and every generation. Taking a walk here, you will hear everyone telling you the story of our secretary. Such a secretary is always the measure of the behaviour of the following cadres. Therefore, working in Ashham, we must stay true to our original aspiration and keep our missions in mind, we should take solid actions to help with not only poverty alleviation but also enlightenment of people. We need to build a strong bond between people and the Party and the Government as it was back in the Old Secretary's reign and effectively implement the policies to benefit all the people.&quot; the monk said.<br /> <br /> ====周子豪 Zhou Zihao====<br /> <br /> 他告诉我，阿什罕苏木总土地面积为一百四十五万亩，其中沙地一百一十七万亩。三十多年以来，苏木历届党政班子，面对严峻的现实，都是以老书记为榜样，将生态建设作为刻不容缓的工作来抓。老书记就像一颗红星，闪耀在阿什罕人的小康之路的前方。人进沙退，阿什罕人在在沙地上的征战，一刻都没有停止。<br /> 随着僧格苏木达的引导，我走进了展馆，也走进了那些在历史中依然熠熠闪光故事，每一个展品，每一张图片，都在为我讲述着当年那个手捧红星，甘洒热血书写草原新篇的老书记，讲述着那些在风沙中顽强地睁着眼睛，在故乡的土地上流血流汗的乌兰敖都人。<br /> 1951年9月9日，毛泽东主席在北京主持召开了全国第一次农业互助合作会议，讨论并通过了《中共中央关于农业生产互助的决议(草案)》，要求各级党委根据生产发展的需要和可能的条件，按照积极发展，稳步前进的方针和自愿互利的原则，逐步引导农民走集体化道路。这个《决议(草案)》，是党的第一个关于农业合作化的纲领性文件，在1953年3月修改后，正式公开发表。映入我眼帘的第一张图片，就是这个文件的放大版。<br /> <br /> He told me that among the total 1.45 million Mu land area of Ashham, sandy lands occupies 1.17 million Mu. For the past over thirty years each and every leading group of Ashham, despite of the harshing reality, has been taking the Old Secretary as the model to put priority to the ecosystem-protection. The Old Secretary is like a red star shedding lights on the road of people of Ashham towards prosperity. Only when man moves forward may the sandy land be fought back. Such landgrabbing combats has never ended there. With the guidance of Sengge I entered the exhibition hall to read the glowing stories in the history. Every ware and every picture there seemed to tell me the story of not only the Old Secretary who was holding the red star and breaking sweat to create the new history of Ashham but people of Ulan Aodu who tenaciously openned their eyes in the sandy storm to change theri homeland. On the first National Convention of Agricultural Cooperation held by Chairman Mao on the 9th September 1951 in Beijing, the Draft Resolution of Agricultural Cooperation of China was discussed and passed, requiring that the every level of the Party Committee, taking the local demand of development and the feasibility into consideration, lead farmers towards the pratise of collective module with the policy of proactive and steady development and the principle the voluntary and mutual benefits. The Draft Resolution, officially published after its amendation in March of 1953, is the first key document discussing agricultural coorperation. In the exhibition hall the first picture that came into my view was the amplifying version of the document.<br /> <br /> ====庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====<br /> <br /> 老书记根登同志正是以党中央这个决议为指路明灯，带领十八户贫苦牧民于1952年4月1日办起了中国第一个畜牧业合作社———乌兰敖都牧业社。他带领全体党员，通过认真细致的群众思想工作，先后发动五十余户，三百余人参加到合作社中来，把牧户土地、草牧场等整合划归到一起，将各家的牛、羊、车、马、农具等作价入股，共同经营，年终按股金分红；并根据社员劳动质量实行评工记分制，到年末，合作社除去生产费、农业税和提取的公益金、公积金后，按工分来分红。据记载，合作社集体收益最多时能够达二十万元。在根登书记的引领带动下，这个合作社为模范样板，翁牛特旗陆续办起了十二个这样的畜牧业生产合作社。1955年, 毛泽东亲笔为《翁牛特旗建立了十二个畜牧业生产合作社,使牲畜大为发展起来》这篇文章写了按语，“这一篇写得很好,可供一切畜牧业合作社参考”。1956年这篇文章载入了《中国农村的社会主义高潮》一书，1958年，国务院授予乌兰敖都畜牧业合作社“农业社会主义建设先进单位”荣誉称号。<br /> <br /> ==== 颜琦 Yan Qi ====<br /> <br /> 我看到了毛泽东在这篇文章上的亲笔批示影印件，一种久久埋藏在心底的深情升腾而起，不由我眼里满含热泪。全心全意为人民服务，人民群众的幸福生活，是中国共产党人为之浴血奋战的伟大理想！战争年代结束了，新的国家诞生了，在毛泽东那流畅遒劲的书法中，一笔一划无不让我感到，我们党的伟大领袖，这个将自己一切都无私奉献给了中国老百姓的人，当他看到中国的农牧民终于走上了社会主义光明大道的时候，那种喜上眉梢，豪情澎湃的心情。<br /> 根登书记带领乌兰敖都人创造了很多第一。为了保障冬季牲畜的饲草料，他首创了夏秋围封牧场的做法，把繁茂的牧草留到冬季，解决了由来已久的牲畜过冬难的问题。从1956年春，根登书记开始带领牧民进行治沙大会战，全靠手工挖地播种，种下抗沙植物八百亩，在沙漠造林一千亩 ，将三千亩流动沙丘改造成为优良草牧场，并在沙地上栽植了枣树，葡萄，苹果等经济林，使乌兰敖都成为大沙地上第一个绿色的亮点，也通过绿化后的沙地为牧民们赢得了可喜的收入。<br /> <br /> Seeing the copy of Mao Zedong's handwriting in the article, I have an emotional feeling that's been hidden in my heart for long and now brings tears to my eyes. Serving people heart and soul to maintain people's happy life is a great ambition for which members of the Communist Party of China are striving. With the ending of wars, a new country was founded. When I saw the smooth and strong handwriting of Mao, I can see from every stroke that the man who is the great leader of the party and dedicates himself to the Chinese people, was brimmed over happiness, pride and excitement, when he saw that Chinese peasants are shifting into a bright path of socialism. <br /> Secretary Gendeng guided the people in Wulanaodu to win numerous firsts. To ensure the forage of the livestock, he fenced off the grassy meadows of the ranch in summer and autumn. Long existing problems of livestock's suffering from lack of feed in winter had been solved. Since the spring of 1956, Secretary Gendeng took people to begin the campaign of sand control. They changed the shifting dunes into a fine pasture and planted economic trees of dates, grapes and apples on the sand, which made Wulanaodu the first green landmark in the wide range of sand. Herders also made considerable profits from the greened land.<br /> <br /> *Go to last section of the translation: [[Chunfeng_EN_1]]<br /> *Go to next section of the translation: [[Chunfeng_EN_3]]</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Chunfeng_EN_1&diff=148693 Chunfeng EN 1 2022-10-20T13:52:09Z <p>Li Hong: /* Part 15j 黄安安 Huang Anan */</p> <hr /> <div>This is also the page of the translation homework, which is part of the homework for Oct 21, 2022 for the MA course [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022]]. Please look for your name and do the translation and the correction of the foregoing paragraph of your fellow student.<br /> <br /> *Back to the [[Book_projects]]<br /> *For the students of the MA class [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022]]: The Wiki Admin will distribute the paragraphs to you and indicate your names beneath in the text. The Wiki admin will add the student names.<br /> *For the students of the BA class [[Translation Theory ZH-DE 2022]]: Please select another book project, which is translated into German. The Wiki admin will add the student names.<br /> <br /> This page originally only contained the Chinese text. Now the English translation is added. Therefore the page gets too long and may exceed the database space for each webpage one day. In order to avoid this, the text now is split into 5 sections. You can jump directly to the sections here:<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN]] with discussion table / list of terms<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_1]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_2]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_3]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_4]]<br /> *[[Chunfeng_EN_5]]<br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> =Please write your homework directly down here=<br /> Just click on the edit button behind your name and add the English translation as a seperate paragraph, separated by blank line. <br /> <br /> When you have finished writing your homework, please do not forget to click the &quot;save&quot; button and type in the password &quot;wikicaptcha&quot;.<br /> <br /> Also, please correct the translation of the fellow student above you by pasting a 2nd English paragraph beneath.<br /> <br /> Commonly used terms or terms that appear frequently or are important or ambiguous, please list them alphabetically in the list of terms on the page [[Chunfeng_EN]], that helps the other students to use a standardized translation for them.<br /> <br /> ==Part 14==<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 14i 白婷 Bai Ting ====<br /> <br /> 儿子出生了，长得虎头虎脑，结结实实的，一逗就咯咯地笑。院子里也养上了鸡，养上了一头大母驴。<br /> <br /> The son was born, strong and steady, and would giggle when others dandled him. Chickens and a big mar were also kept in the yard.<br /> <br /> The son was born, dignified and strong, and would giggle when others dandled him. Chickens and a big female donkey were also kept in the yard. <br /> <br /> 党桂梅说，我们有了儿子，才理解老人们说的话，人心真的都是往下长的。<br /> <br /> &quot;Only when we have a son can we understand what the old people say,&quot; Dang Guimei said. &quot;The heart really grows down.&quot; <br /> <br /> &quot;Only when we have a son can we understand what the old people say,&quot; Dang Guimei said. &quot;The heart really grows downward.&quot;<br /> <br /> 看着自己身上掉下来的肉，看着儿子活泼可爱的样子，我们两口子心里哪个爱呀，就像吃了甜菜疙瘩那么甜。我跟他爸说，我这辈子最委屈的就是没好好上学，我要是好好上学，现在没准也能当个东方之子，上个电视啥的呢。<br /> <br /> The sight of the flesh falling from our bodies, coupled with the lively and lovely appearance of our son, filled us with love, which was as sweet as eating beet bumps. I told his father that nothing grieves me more than not going to school well in the past. If I had studied well, I might be able to be the Son of the East now, who could be on TV. <br /> <br /> The sight of the flesh falling from our bodies, coupled with the lively and lovely appearance of our son, filled us with love, which was as sweet as eating beet gnocchi. I told the child his dad that the most aggrieved thing in my life is that I didn't go to school properly. If I had studied well, I might be able to be the Son of the East now, who could be on TV.<br /> <br /> 那时候中央电视台有个栏目叫东方时空，介绍过好几位女科学，女教授，那都是国家的的顶梁柱。我特爱看那个节目，有时看着看着，就忍不住掉眼泪，心想她们虽然不容易，但人家毕竟成功了……<br /> <br /> At that time, CCTV had a program called Oriental Space and Time, which introduced some female scientists and professors, the pillars of the country. I extremely loved watching that show, and sometimes the sight of it started tears trickling down my cheeks, for I thought that although they were not easy, they had succeeded after all...<br /> <br /> At that time, CCTV had a program called Oriental Space and Time, which introduced several female scientists and professors, who were the pillars of the country. I extremely loved watching that show, and sometimes the sight of it started tears trickling down my cheeks, for I thought that although they were not easy, they had succeeded after all...<br /> <br /> 我每回说起这话，我们家刘玉国就会接——供、供、供，咱儿子在乡里上了小学，到林东上中学，然后到北京上海念大学，等他有了儿子，就到联合国去念，做个决定世界大事的人。到那个时候，党桂梅就出名了，人人都知道党桂梅老奶奶不是一般人儿……<br /> <br /> Whenever I said that, my husband Liu Yuguo would answer— Offering, offering, offering, after going to primary school in the village, our son will go to middle school in Lindong, and then go to university in Beijing or Shanghai. When he has a son, his son will go to the United Nations to study and be a person who can decide the world's major events. By that time, Dang Guimei will be famous, and everyone will know Dang Guimei, an old woman, is not an ordinary person…<br /> <br /> Whenever I say this, my husband Liu Yuguo would answer— Offering, offering, offering, after going to primary school in the village, our son will go to middle school in Lindong, and then go to university in Beijing or Shanghai. When he has a son, his son will go to the United Nations to study and be a person who can decide world affairs. By that time, Dang Guimei will be famous, and everyone will know Dang Guimei, an old woman, is not an ordinary person…<br /> <br /> 玩笑虽然开得有点大，但是再苦再累，也要把孩子供出来，是我们像铁一样实实在在的想法。<br /> <br /> A little big as the joke is, no matter how tough and tired, we must help our children go places someday, which is our thought as real as iron.<br /> <br /> A little big as the joke is, no matter how tough and tired we are, we must help our children go places someday, which is our thought as real as iron.<br /> <br /> ====Part 14j 蔡思 Cai Si====<br /> <br /> <br /> 可能是由于我长年劳累，儿子早早的就没了母乳，给他喝米汤，加点牛奶，不行，孩子眼看着就瘦下去了，六个月，连二斤肉都没有长出来，我们心里那个难受啊，缺钱，怎么办呢？挖药，种地，土里刨食的办法是解决不了问题了。这时候农村的集市活跃起来了，我们这一片的集市也很热闹。看着那些林西镇和林东镇的人，从大城市带来了洗发液、电熨斗、方便面啥的到集上卖，是挺赚钱的。可是我们没本钱，家里有孩子，有地，也出不了远门，那我们能卖点什么呢?<br /> <br /> It may be due to my long-term fatigue, my son stopped breastfeeding early, give him rice soup, add some milk, no, we could see the child getting thin before our eyes, six months, even two pounds have not grown, we are so heartbreaking, lack of money, what should we do? Digging herbs, farming, live on soil will not solve the problem. At this time, the rural market became active, and the market in our area was also lively. Looking at those people in Linxi Town and Lindong Town, it is quite profitable to bring shampoo, electric irons, instant noodles and so on from the big cities to sell on the market. But we have no capital, we have children at home, we have field, and we can't go any further, so what can we sell?<br /> <br /> Perhaps due to my laborious work year in and year out, my son had to stop drinking my breast milk when he was not yet old enough, so I fed him with rice soup plus some milk. But it doesn't work out, he got thinner and thinner day by day. Within six months, he didn't gain any weight, even one kilogram. We felt so bad. We didn't have much money, what can we do? Living off the land like digging herbs and planting crops can't solve the problem. At that time fairs in rural areas became vibrant, the markets in our vicinity were also bustling. We found that villagers from Linxi Town and Lindong Town made a lot of money by selling shampoos, electronic irons, instant noodles and other stuff which was brought from cities to bazaars. But we didn't have start-up capital and we couldn't go out too far either because we had to attend to our children and crops at home. So what stuff can we sell?<br /> <br /> <br /> 山根，河套，庄稼地，长啥卖啥吧。玉国手巧，就到河套割了些柳条子，在自己家编土篮，每天干完地里的活，我给他剪柳条，打下手，我们俩人一直干到半夜里，后来他也把我教会了，他编大筐，我编小篓。十天一个集，赶集的地方离我们北房身村八十华里，他骑着个加重的自行车，带着我，前面车把挂着五个土篮子，我的肩上挎着五个土篮子，在装上点葵花籽、山杏仁，偶尔带点冰糖红糖，过年过节带些对联去卖，我们挣钱虽然不太多，几年下来也把儿子养大了，还置上了一公一母两头驴，二十多只下蛋的鸡，后来又抓了一头小母猪，每年能卖出一窝小猪仔。家里的日子，真是好多了，有盼头了，这时候我们丫头也出生了，我们也成了儿女双全，不愁吃穿的户了。”<br /> <br /> Mountain roots, river loops, crop fields, we sell what grows in the field . Yuguo was skillful, so he went to river loops to cut some wicker, weaved earthen baskets in our house, after finishing the work in the field every day, I would act as assistant to cut wicker for him, we worked until midnight, and then he also taught me, he made big baskets, I made small baskets. There is a bazaar every ten days, the place is eighty miles away from our Beifangsheng Village, he took me by a weighted bicycle, five earthen baskets hung on the handlebars in front, five earthen baskets on my shoulders, loaded with sunflower seeds, mountain almonds, occasionally decorated with some rock sugar brown sugar, brought some couplets to sell for the New Year's Eve, although we did not earn much, we also raised our son in a few years, and also put a male and a female two donkeys, more than twenty egg-laying chickens, and later caught a small sow, which can sell a litter of piglets every year. Life is really much better and hopeful, at this time our daughter was also born, and we are sitting pretty with a boy and a daughter. ”<br /> <br /> We sold whatever grew in Shangen Village, in the Great Bend of the Huanghe River and in the fields. Yuguo was good at handwork, so he cut some wicker in the Great Bend of the Huanghe River and wove handmade baskets at home. After finishing the farm work, I would trim the wicker for him and do some assistant job every day. We both worked till the midnight. Later on, he taught me to weave. He wove large baskets and I wove small ones. There was a bazaar every ten days and the place was 40 kilometers away from our Beifangshen Village. He carried me on a weighted bike with five woven baskets hung on the handlebars. And I carried five baskets on my shoulder and filled them with some sunflower seeds and almonds. Sometimes I took some rock candies and brown sugar. And during the Spring Festival and other holidays, I brought some couplets to sell. Over these few years, although we didn't make too much money, we brought up our son and bought two donkeys, a female one and a male one, twenty-odd layer hens. And we also bought a small sow which can bear a litter of piglets for us to sell every year. Our life was really much better and hopeful. At this time, our daughter was also born. Our family became a household with a son and a daughter where there were no worries for subsistence.<br /> <br /> == ====Part 14k 陈婧 Chen Jing====(王纪龙Wang Jilong） ==<br /> <br /> 儿子听话，又聪明，丫头虽然小，但是是个伶俐的，不到三岁，就能把电视里动画片的的故事照讲一遍。党桂梅两口子就盼着着两头驴生小驴驹子，慢慢繁殖起来，到时候借上大力，供两个孩子上学的钱就不愁了，好日子的缰绳已经被他们抓在了手里，只要平平安安地过下去就好了。<br /> <br /> Her son was docile and brilliant. Young as her daughter was, the girl was a very clever one. No more than three years old, she could retell the whole story of the cartoon on TV. The only thing Dang Guimei and his husband looked forward to is that the two donkeys could bear foals and keep breeding. By virtue of the powerful strength of these donkeys, they wouldn't be worried about the tuition fees of the two kids by then. The rein of a better life was already in their hands and all they had to do was to live in peace.<br /> <br /> Her son was good and smart. Young as her daughter was, the girl was a very clever one. Though under three years old, she could retell the whole story of the cartoon on TV. The only thing Dang Guimei and his husband looked forward to is that the two donkeys could bear foals and keep breeding. With these donkeys and large amount of toil, they wouldn't be worried about the tuition fees of the two kids by then. The rein of a better life was already in their hands and all they had to do was to go in peace.<br /> <br /> 万万想不到的事情，没有任何预兆就来了。儿子十六岁那年，突然身体和精神出现了怪异显现像，乱发脾气，乱砸东西 ，在很短的时间内愈演愈烈，最后到了无法控制的程度。刘玉国和党桂梅赶紧带着儿子到了巴林左旗和赤峰市的医院，确诊的结果为精神性疾病，这个消息简直不啻于晴天霹雳，令这个刚刚过上安稳日子的家彻底地塌陷了。<br /> <br /> The most unexpected thing was coming without any signs. At the age of sixteen, their son suddenly began to show up some abnormal physical and mental symptoms, losing his temper and throwing things indiscriminately. Soon, these behaviors went severer and eventually out of control. In no time, Liu Yuguo and Dang Guimei took the boy to the hospitals in Balin Left Banner and Chifeng. The diagnosis was psychiatric disorders. This news wasn't second to a bolt from the blue, making this family, who just lived a stable life, completely collapse.<br /> <br /> Unfortunately, the most unexpected thing happened to this family without any signs. At the age of sixteen, their son suddenly began to show up some abnormal physical and mental symptoms, losing hi s temper and throwing things indiscriminately. Soon, these behaviors went severer and eventually out of control. In no time, Liu Yuguo and Dang Guimei took the boy to the hospitals in Balin Left Banner and Chifeng. The diagnosis was psychiatric disorders. This news was tantamount to a bolt out of the blue, making this family, who just lived a stable life, completely fell into collapse.<br /> <br /> 刘玉国知道党桂梅患有高血压症，经不住打击，就劝告妻子，说孩子小，正是长身体的时候，咱们咬牙使劲干，有了钱肯定能治好。说是说，刘玉国的心里还是压着一块大石头，他一个坐在地头上抽烟，一坐就是一下午。家里所有的存款都花光了，亲戚朋友伸出手来给予的资助也用光了。党桂梅两口子开始借高利贷，二分利，就是说借一百元，要还一百二十元。<br /> <br /> As Liu Yuguo knew that Dang Guimei suffered from hypertension, unable to withstand the blow, he consoled her and said, our son is so young and is growing his body, he would surely be cured as long as we work hard to save money for his treatment. Much as he said, his heart was still burdened with a heavy stone. Once he sat on the ground and began to smoke, it would last all afternoon. Apart from their all savings, the money raised from their relatives and friends was spent all out as well. The couple began to borrow from usury. The interest rate was twenty percent, that is to say, if they borrowed one hundred yuan, they had to pay back one hundred and twenty yuan.<br /> <br /> Because of knowing that Dang Guimei suffered from hypertension, unable to withstand the blow, Liu Yuguo consoled her and said that our son is young and growing, so he would surely be cured as long as we work hard to save money for his treatment. Much as he said, his heart was still burdened with a heavy stone. Once he sat on the ground and had a smoke, it would last all afternoon. Apart from their all savings, the money raised from their relatives and friends was spent all out as well. The couple began to borrow from usury. The interest rate was “Liang Fen Li”, that is to say, if they borrowed one hundred yuan, they had to pay back one hundred and twenty yuan.<br /> <br /> 他们豁出去了，想着即使倾家荡产，也得借，万不能把儿子耽误了。里里外外，他们花了二十八万。最后实在没有钱了，儿子无法住院，只能在家里服药治疗，效果显然就差多了。一天天劳心劳力地照顾着处于异常状态的儿子，党桂梅感觉自己的身子越来越没劲，早上起来从炕上往地下一站，两条腿好像是别人的，泥一样地堆下去。降压药加了剂量，血压看着是降下来了，压差却拉大了。<br /> <br /> They risked everything. Considering that even if they spent all their properties, they had to borrow money so as not to delay their son's treatment. In total, they spent two hundred and eighty thousand yuan. Lastly there was no penny at all, so the boy couldn't be hospitalized but only could take medication at home, which was obviously less effective. Day in and day out, laboriously caring for her son who was in abnormal state, Dang Guimei felt her body getting weaker and weaker. When getting up from the kang and standing on the ground, her legs, like someone else's, fell down torpidly like mud. Although the increased dosage of the hypotensive drugs seemed to lower the blood pressure, the differential blood pressure was actually higher.<br /> <br /> They risked everything. Considering that even if they spent all their properties, they had to borrow money so as not to delay their son's treatment. In total, they spent two hundred and eighty thousand yuan. Lastly there was no penny at all, so the boy couldn't be hospitalized but only could take medication at home, which was obviously less effective. Day in and day out, laboriously caring for her son who was in abnormal state made Dang Guimei feel her body getting weaker and weaker. When getting up from the kang and standing on the ground, she felt her legs was like someone else's and fell down torpidly like mud. Although the increased dosage of the hypotensive drugs seemed to lower the blood pressure, the differential blood pressure was actually higher.<br /> <br /> ====Part 14l 王纪龙 Wang Jilong====<br /> <br /> 她硬挺着，暗暗告诉自己，你可不能倒下去，儿子病了，丫头还小，你要是再倒下，让玉国一个人扛这么多事怎么扛得了。在丈夫面前，她说，我就是个急火攻心，吃点牛黄上清片就好了，在刚刚上小学的丫头面前，她还是那个无所不能的妈妈，每天问孩子的功课，让她吃好穿暖，给她打扮漂漂亮亮的，送她到大门口。<br /> <br /> She tried to be strong and vigorous, muttering to herself: “I could not fall down. My son is sick and my girl is still small. If I fall down, how could Yu Guo alone bear so many things.” In front of her husband, she said she just got a bit manic. Taking some eat some medicines like NiuHuang Shangqing tablets will be fine. In front of her girl who was just at the age of primary school, she still tried to keep the image of an omnipotent mother, caring her child's homework everyday, ensuring her daughter fully and warmly and dressing he beautifully before sending her to the gate. <br /> <br /> She pretended to be well, muttering to herself: “I could not fall down. My son is sick and my girl is still small. If I fall down, how could Yu Guo alone bear so many things.” In front of her husband, she said she just got a little manic. Taking some medicines like NiuHuang Shangqing tablets will be fine. In front of her girl who was just at the age of primary school, she still tried to maintain the image of an omnipotent mother, caring her child's homework everyday, providing her with delicious food and pretty clothes, and dressing her beautifully before sending her to the gate.<br /> <br /> 党桂梅到底没有逃过这一劫。一天早晨，她起身时感觉身上很难受，眼前突然一黑，就晕了过去。等到她醒来，一睁开眼睛，天哪，谁给我脑袋上蒙了一块红布？从头上到脚底，都黑红黑红的，窗台上绿色的龙角菊是红的，饭桌上黄色的小米粥也是红色的，看看天，天花板是旋转的，墙角转成了锅沿儿……<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei were not free of her doom after all. One morning, when she got up, she felt very uncomfortable and then her eyes suddenly went black and she passed out. When she woke up and opened her eyes, in astonishment, she found a red cloth over my head and she have no idea who did this? From the ceiling to the ground, everything in her sight looks in the color of the dark-red, from the green dragon horn chrysanthemum at the windowsill to the yellow millet porridge on the dining table. Looking up at the ceiling, she felt the ceiling is rotating and the corner of the wall turned into a pot .....<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei were not free of her doom after all. One morning, when she got up, she felt uncomfortable and then she had a blackout and passed out. When she woke up and opened her eyes, in astonishment, she found a red cloth over her head and she had no idea who did this? From the ground to ceiling, everything in her sight appeared dark-red, from the green dragon horn chrysanthemum at the windowsill to the yellow millet porridge on the dining table. Looking up at the ceiling, she felt the ceiling is rotating and the corner of the wall turned into a pot .......<br /> <br /> 住进了医院，党桂梅的病情一时也没见太大好转，问医生，医生说还需要做一些检查，请专家会诊，当然，需要的治疗费也不少。刘玉国在门外和大夫的对话，党桂梅隐隐约约地听到几句，和她猜想的差不多。她闭上眼睛，不吱声，静静地躺了一天一宿，第二天起来，就喊丈夫。她想好了，换下医院的病号服，穿上自己的羽绒服，回家，不治了。<br /> <br /> Though in the hospital, Dang Guimei's condition has not seen much more improvement. The only answer they could get from doctors is that she still need to have more checks and at least a specialist consultation to make a diagnosis. Of course, the cost is quite large for the treatment. Dong Guimei could faintly heard the conversation between her husband and doctors from outside, which was basically equal to her previous guess. Closing eyes, she quietly and speechlessly lay in a hospital bed all day. By the next day, she got up and called her husband. She had made up her mind to abandon the treatment, switching the hospital gown to her own down cost and going back home.<br /> <br /> Though in the hospital, Dang Guimei's condition had not seen much more improvement. The doctor only said that she still needs to have more checks and at least a specialist consultation to make a diagnosis. Of course, the treatment cost was quite high. Dong Guimei could faintly hear the conversation between her husband and doctors from outside, which was basically equal to her previous guess. Closing eyes, she lay on a hospital bed all day and all night with no words. By the next day, she got up and called her husband. She had made up her mind to abandon the treatment, switching the hospital gown to her own down coat and going back home.<br /> <br /> ====Part 14m 陈淑敏 Chen Shumin ====<br /> 她说：“我当时想了，我回去养一阵，好了就好了，不好也不浪费钱。家里的鸡鸭猪，还有攒下来的几百斤小米子和干黄芪，全都卖光了，就剩下两头驴了，可不敢再卖了。丫头小，儿子病，往后不得把个闷葫芦似的的男人愁死啊。留下驴，慢慢养，年年下两个小驴驹，还有个活钱，怎么难也要把丫头供出来，将来有个旱涝保收的工作。等到没有我那一天，她爸干不动的时候，也有人养老不是，他哥也得有人管啊，可不能让他造的脏兮兮地满街跑，让不懂事儿的小孩子们撇石头子欺负他。”<br /> <br /> She said:” At that time, I think of going back home to rest for several days. It’s fine if I feel better, and it’s of no waste of money if I don’t. Our chickens, ducks and pigs, as well as hundreds of jin of millet and dried astragalus saved up, all sold out. There are only two donkeys left, so I dare not sell them again. Our girl is small, and our son is sick, my husband will have to bear so much hardship in the future. If we can leave the donkeys and feed it slowly, it can born two foals every year so as to bring us some spare money. No matter how hard the life is, we need to cultivate our girl and let her find a steady work. And when I'm gone and Yuguo can't work anymore, someone will have to take care of him, and our son will have to be taken care of, too. I don't want to see him run about the street in dirty clothes, and being attacked by stones thrown out by tender children.<br /> <br /> 叫了几遍，也没有听到丈夫回答，到了下午，刘玉国才一头热汗地进了病房。他告诉党玉梅不用急了，大夫说，这点病不算啥，住一阵子院治治就没事儿了。<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei called her husband for a few times, but did not hear his answer. By the afternoon, Liu Yuguo walked into the ward with a head of hot sweat. He told her do not need to be anxious, because the doctor said:” this disease is nothing, a period of hospital treatment will be fine.”<br /> <br /> 党桂梅说，你是不是把我的驴给卖了。<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei said, &quot;Have you sold my donkey?”<br /> <br /> 刘玉国说，没有没有。<br /> <br /> Liu Yuguo answered:“No, I don’t.”<br /> <br /> 党桂梅急了。一连问了好几遍，那你哪来的钱？<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei became worried and asked repeadly:” How do you get so much money?”<br /> <br /> 刘玉国脸一绷，呵斥党桂梅，你这个女人怎么回事儿？天塌下来有老爷们顶着，都病成这样了能不能省点心。<br /> <br /> Liu Yuguo kept a straight face and scolded Dang Guimei:” What´s the hell with you? There is me on the top even the sky fall down. You are sick, so can you worry less?“<br /> <br /> ====Part 14n 陈思阳 Chen Siyang ====<br /> <br /> 后来，党玉梅出院回家。一进院子，眼泪就止不住了。院子里果然是空空荡荡，安静极了，没有鸡鸣，也听不见驴叫，就连原来准备修房子的砖，也不见了。儿子站在门口，一脚门里一脚门外，直愣愣看着母亲，就好像不认识一样。丫头小，但是很懂事儿，专挑高兴的事儿说。她说，妈妈、妈妈，我们老师表扬你了，说如果不是你教育得好，我不能当上班长。<br /> Later, Dang Guimei was discharged from hospital and went home. Once in the courtyard, the tears could not be stopped. As expected, the courtyard was empty and quiet. There were no chickens crowing, no donkeys braying, and even the bricks that had been prepared to repair the house were gone. The son stood in the doorway, one door in the other, staring at his mother as if he did not know her. The girl is young, but sensible, always picking happy things to say. She said, &quot;Mom, mom, our teacher praised you and said that if it wasn't for your good education, I couldn't be the monitor.&quot;(Chen Siyang陈思阳）<br /> <br /> Afterward, Dang Guimei went home after being discharged from the hospital. Once stepping into the courtyard, she couldn't bear her tears. As expected, there was empty and very quiet, without any chickens crowing and donkeys braying; even the bricks prepared to build the house disappeared. With one foot inside the door and another outside, her son stood in the doorway, staring at his mother as if he didn’t know her. Dang Guimei’s daughter is a young but sensible girl, who always picked happy things to share. She said, “Mom, mom! My teacher praised you! He said that if it wasn't for your good upbringing, I couldn’t be the monitor.”（Chen Yanxi 陈彦希）<br /> <br /> 党桂梅的姐姐告诉她，那天刘玉国从医院回来卖驴，好不容易找到个想买驴的主道，人家还二意思思的，他就哭着央求人家，就差跪下了：“我这是卖得救命钱啊，我媳妇跟着我，净挨累，一天福也没享，这么好的媳妇说什么也得救她啊…… ”<br /> Dang Guimei’s sister told her that day Liu Yuguo came back from the hospital to sell donkeys. He had a hard time finding a people who want to buy donkeys, and he crying and begging, almost kneeling down:&quot;This is my family's life-saving money! My wife followed me through all the hardships and never enjoyed a good life. I must save her!&quot;(Chen Siyang陈思阳)<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei’s sister told her, that day Liu Yuguo came back from the hospital to sell donkeys, having tried his best to find a people who wants to buy donkeys but was somehow hesitant, so he cried to beg him,and even almost knelt down:&quot;This is my family’s life-saving money! My wife followed me through all the hardships but never enjoyed a good life. I must save my wife!&quot;（Chen Yanxi 陈彦希）<br /> <br /> 一家四口人搂在一起，默默流了半天眼泪。还是党桂梅擦干泪水，把灶火点燃，然后下了一把面条，到地里薅了点青菜，全家吃了灾难之后的第一顿团圆饭。她知道，一切都得重新开始了，现在除了背在身上的十多万块钱的饥荒，家里真的是镚子皆无了。<br /> A family of four people hugged together, silently shed tears for a long time. Dang Guimei wiped away her tears, lit the stove, cooked a handful of noodles, and went to the fields to pull some vegetables. The family had their first reunion dinner since the disaster. She knew that everything had to start over again and now there was really no penny left in the home except for the more than 100,000 of famine on her back.(Chen Siyang陈思阳)<br /> <br /> The four family members hugged together, silently shed tears for a long time. It was Dang Guimei who wiped away tears, lit the stove, cooked a handful of noodles, and went to the fields to pull some vegetables. They had their first reunion dinner after the disaster. She knew that everything had to start over again. Now, they had really no penny left, except for the famine on her back which was more than 100,000 yuan.（Chen Yanxi 陈彦希）<br /> <br /> 刘玉国和党桂梅刚刚尝到的幸福生活，就这样不翼而飞了。他们家的日子已经变成了一条无助的小船，在看不到绿洲的汪洋里勉强地漂泊着。<br /> The happy life that Liu Yuguo and Dang Guimei had just lived was gone. Their life had become a helpless boat, drifting reluctantly in the ocean without an oasis in sight.(Chen Siyang陈思阳)<br /> <br /> The happy life that Liu Yuguo and Dang Guimei had just lived was gone. Their life had become a helpless boat, drifting limpingly in the ocean without an oasis in sight.（Chen Yanxi 陈彦希）<br /> <br /> ====Part 14o 陈彦希 Chen Yanxi ====<br /> <br /> 党桂梅出院以后，身体还是弱弱的，还需要吃药和继续治疗，这三年时间，一个四十出头的女人，头发都白的差不多了。她挣扎着，跟在丈夫后面，下地干活，院里院外地张罗一家人的生活，每天累得直不起腰来。他们种了十五亩地，舍不得雇工，全是夫妻俩没黑没白地春种秋收，为的是把从前的日子找回来。可是，毕竟是负担过重，力不从心，生活依旧像一个不能开花结果的树，冷漠地面对着这一对苦苦追求的夫妻。<br /> <br /> After Dang Guimei was discharged from the hospital, her body was still weak, so she needed to continue to take medicines and receive treatment. During the past 3 years, a woman was just in her early forties but had almost turned white. She struggled to follow behind her husband to do farm work and to make a living for the whole family. She has already been too tired to straighten up. This couple own 15 mu(Chinese unit of land measurement) of land. To save money, they didn’t hire any workers but to tackle everything on their own all the time, thus to bring back their former life. Nonetheless, the burdens on their shoulders were too heavy, they’ve bitten off more then they can chew! Life was still like a tree that cannot blossom and bear fruit, indifferently torturing this poor couple.（Chen Yanxi 陈彦希）<br /> <br /> After Dang Guimei was discharged from the hospital, her body was still weak, so she needed to continue to take medicines and receive treatment. During the past 3 years, the hair of a woman who was just in her early forties had almost turned white. She struggled to follow behind her husband to do farm work and to organize a family's life in and out of the courtyard. She was too exhausted to straighten up each day. This couple owns 15 mu(Chinese unit of land measurement) of land. To save money, they didn’t hire any worker but to tackle everything like planting and harvesting on their own all the time, just in order to bring back their former life. Nonetheless, the burden on their shoulders was so heavy that they’ve bitten off more than they can chew! Life was still like a tree that cannot blossom and bear fruit, indifferently torturing this poor couple.<br /> <br /> 2017年，他们家因病返贫，被识别为建档立卡贫困户。<br /> <br /> In 2017, this family was identified as a registered poor household since they returned to poverty due to diseases.（Chen Yanxi 陈彦希）<br /> <br /> In 2017, the family was identified as a registered poor household since they returned to poverty because of the disease.<br /> <br /> 按政策规定，他们家接受扶贫项目资金，养上了七只基础母羊，开始发展家庭牧业，两年后，他们出售了八个羊羔，又买了两头小猪，日子开始有了转机。<br /> <br /> According to the policy, they received funds from poverty alleviation programs. They raised 7 breeding sheep and began to work on family husbandry. Two years later, they sold 8 lambs, and bought two piglets. Their life began to change.（Chen Yanxi 陈彦希）<br /> <br /> According to the policy, they received funds from poverty alleviation programs. They raised 7 breeding sheep and began to develop family husbandry. Two years later, they sold eight lambs and bought two piglets. Their life began to change.<br /> <br /> 镇里的领导、村里的干部、驻村第一书记，都在为他们家寻找挣钱的路子。刘玉国和党桂梅说，政策虽好，咱也不能等靠要。村干部说十三敖包村和新井子村，村民绑笤帚挺挣钱，我先跟着村干部去，看能不能学会。刘玉国本来就心灵手巧，到了邻村的笤帚加工车间，一看人家那里干得很红火，一些参与的贫困户都有了收益。 便煞下心来，开始学这项技术。<br /> <br /> All of the leaders of the town, the village cadres, and the village first secretaries have been helping the family seek for ways to make money. Liu Yuguo and Dang Guimei said, although the policy is good, we cannot just rely on it. The village cadres said that villagers in Shi San Ao Bao village and Xin Jin Zi village have made some money by tying brooms. They want to follow the village cadres to see if they are competent to do it. Liu Yuguo has ingenuity to begin with. He went to the broom processing workshop in the neighboring village. Finding that the villagers here were doing very well and some of the poor households involved have earned some money, he finally decided to learn to tie brooms.（Chen Yanxi 陈彦希）<br /> <br /> The leaders of the town, the cadres of the village and the first secretary of the village have all been helping the family seek for ways to make money. Liu Yuguo and Dang Guimei said, although the policy is good, we cannot just rely on it and wait for endowment. The cadres of the village said that villagers in Shisanaobao village and Xinjingzi village have made some money by tying brooms. They want to follow the village cadres to see if they are competent to do it. Liu Yuguo has clever hands and good sense from the start. He went to the broom processing workshop in the neighboring village and found that the villagers there were doing very well and some of the poor households involved have earned some money. Thus he made up his mind to learn <br /> the skill.<br /> <br /> ====Part 14p 丁粤 Ding Yue ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 要过年了，驻村第一书记刘凤鸣来到党桂梅家，给她生病的儿子带来一套新衣服，是用从自己工资中挤出来的钱买的。自从刘凤鸣包户进入这个院子，他给这个饱经创伤的家庭，带来了无比温暖，也带来了很多好建议，帮他们解决了不少困难。他自身也被这对夫妻身上自强不息的精神深深打动了，他发现在这个家庭里做扶贫工作，不存在扶贫先扶志这个程序，只要给这两口子提供了切合实际的项目，他们总是做得超出预期。<br /> <br /> The New Year was coming, Liu Fengming, the first secretary of the village, came to Dang Guimei's house and brought her sick son a new suit of clothes, which he bought with the money squeezed out of his salary. Since Liu Fengming entered the courtyard, he has brought great warmth to the traumatized family, offered many good suggestions and helped them solve many difficulties. He was also deeply moved by the couple's spirit of constantly striving to become stronger. He found that there was no such procedure as supporting their will first when he made efforts to help the family get out of poverty. As long as practical projects were provided to the couple, they always did better than expected.<br /> <br /> The New Year is coming, Liu Fengming. The first secretary of the village, came to Dang Guimei's house and brought her sick son a new suit of clothes, which she bought with the money squeezed out of his salary. Since Liu Fengming worked contracted to the courtyard, he has brought great warmth to the traumatized family, brought many good suggestions and helped them solve many difficulties. He was also deeply moved by the couple's spirit of self-improvement. He found that there was no such procedure as helping the poor first, as long as practical projects were provided to the couple, they always did more than expected. <br /> <br /> 刘凤鸣看看院子里的鸡圈，空的，原来他们家的鸡每天要出去溜达溜达，吃点小昆虫，小草籽什么的，平日的饲料，全是苞米茬子，瘪谷子，没有任何不天然的饲料，她家小鸡下的蛋，蛋壳硬硬实实的，打开往碗里一倒，橘色的蛋黄外面，有两层蛋清，里面的稠，外面的清亮，鸡蛋煮熟了，一敲裂壳，满桌子香气。<br /> <br /> Liu Fengming looked at the chicken pen in the yard and found it was empty. It turned out that their chickens would go out for a walk every day to eat small insects, grass seeds and other stuffs. The daily feed was all corn stubble and shriveled millet. There wasn’t any unnatural feed. The eggs laid by her chickens were hard and solid. When the eggs are opened and poured into a bowl, you can see that outside the orange yolk, there are two layers of egg white. The inside layer is thick and the outside is clear. When the eggs are cooked, the shell can be cracked by a knock and the whole table would be fragrant.<br /> <br /> Liu Fengming look at the chicken pen in the yard, empty, it turns out that their chickens go out every day to walk around, eat some small insects, small grass seeds or something, the usual feed, all stubble, deflated grain, without any unnatural feed, her chickens laid eggs, eggshells hard and solid, open to the bowl a pour, orange yolk outside, there are two layers of egg whites, the thick inside, the outside of the bright, eggs cooked, a cracked shell, full of table aroma. A cracked shell, the table full of aroma.<br /> <br /> 看看她家的羊圈，地上总是干爽的，一点没有屎尿的膻骚气。党桂梅是每天都要出去一趟，一并放着羊，赶着鸡，还要带个篮子捎些羊草和野菜回来，她家的羊，不会整天圈在圈里吃喝拉撒，无论基础母羊还是羔子，都白得跟雪团儿似的，招人喜欢。<br /> <br /> Looking at her sheepfold, you can see the ground is always dry and there is no stink of shit. Dang Guimei has to go out every day to feed sheep, drive chickens, and bring back a basket with some sheep grass and wild vegetables. Her sheep do not eat , drink and shit in the pen all day long. Whether basic ewes or lambs, they are as white as snow balls, which are adorable.<br /> <br /> Look at her family's sheep pen, the ground is always dry, no shit and urine stink. The party Gui Mei is to go out every day, along with the sheep, drive the chickens, but also bring a basket to bring some goat grass and wild vegetables back, her family's sheep, not all day in the pen to eat, drink and shit, whether the basic ewes or lambs, are white and snowball-like, attracting people like.<br /> <br /> ====Part 14q 王植碧 Wang Zhibi====<br /> <br /> 党桂梅的儿子谢过刘哥，接过了这套衣服。他自己没有穿，而是来到了妈妈的面前。他说：“妈妈，你整日辛苦，过年了，都没有新衣服穿，这衣服你穿吧！”<br /> <br /> The son of Dang Guimei accepted this suit and said thanks to bro Liu. However, he didn’t wear it but run to his mother, saying “This suit is for you, Mom. You work tiredly all the year but don’t have new clothes on New year.”<br /> The son of Dang Guimei expressed his gratitude to brother Liu and accepted this suit. However, he didn't wear it but came to his mother, saying, &quot;Mom, you work hard all day but don't even have new clothes on New Year. You should wear this suit.&quot;（Wang Zhiling）<br /> 党桂梅一下愣在了那里。<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei frozen in place for a moment.<br /> Dang Guimei suddenly froze there. （Wang Zhiling）<br /> <br /> 自从儿子得病以后，她每天也不知道要盯着儿子的眼睛看多少遍，儿子的眼神，直接地反映他的精神状态，她每每看着儿子的眼神心痛，痛到心如刀割一般的程度。那是混沌的眼神，冷冰冰的眼神，痴呆呆的眼神。此刻，她盯着儿子的眼神看了半天，一把抱住了儿子，把儿子的脸贴在自己眼前……的确，儿子的眼神变了，有了正常人的情感内涵，儿子说话的表情也是那样亲切，那样自然。<br /> <br /> Since her son was ill, she doesn't know how many times she has to stare into his eyes every day. Because his eyes directly reflect his mental state. Every day he feel heartbroken when she see the haggard eyes of her son. His eyes were chaotic, cold and demented. At the moment, she stared at her son quite a while, hugged him and put his face in front of her eyes. Indeed, son’s eyes had changed and seemed that have healthy people’s emotion. The expression of his was warm and natural when he spoke. <br /> Since her son was ill, she doesn't know how many times she has stared into his eyes every day. The look in his eyes directly reflects his mental state. Every time she felt heartbroken, feeling as if a knife were piercing her heart when she looked into the haggard eyes of her son. His eyes were chaotic, cold, and demented. At this moment, she stared into his son's eyes for quite a while, hugged him in a moment, and put his face in front of her eyes......Indeed, her son's eyes had changed and seemed to have normal people's emotions. When he spoke, his expression also looked so kind and natural. （Wang Zhiling）<br /> <br /> 党桂梅激动的两手发抖，她竭力让自己平静下来。像什么也没有发现似的对儿子说：“这衣服是男式的，我大儿子穿正好。”<br /> <br /> She was so excited that her hands were shaking. She tried her best to calm down herself. As if he hadn't noticed anything, he said to his son, &quot;These are men's clothes, and they're just right for my oldest son.&quot; <br /> She was so excited that her hands were shaking. She tried her best to calm down as if she hadn't noticed anything, saying to his son, &quot;This suit is for men, and it fits perfectly my eldest son.&quot;（Wang Zhiling）<br /> <br /> 只听儿子说：“妈妈，那你过年还没有新衣服呢，要不我不要压岁钱了，你自己留着买件新衣服吧”。党桂梅强抑制住自己的心跳说“大儿子，好儿子，妈妈听你的。”<br /> 他们家的丫头叫刘慧怡,从小受党桂梅的影响，要强，上进，善解人意。<br /> <br /> Her son said, “Mom, you don’t have new clothes on New year. Hum, or I do not want the New Year's Eve money, you keep it for yourself to buy a new dress.” Dang Guimei strongly restrained her heartbeat and said &quot;Eldest son, good son, mother listen to you.&quot; Her daughter called Liu Huiyi, a tough, aspirant and kind girl who was affected by her mother since she was born.<br /> Her son said, &quot;Mom, you don't even have new clothes on New Year. Suppose I do not take the New Year's money, you keep it for yourself to buy a new dress.&quot; Dang Guimei strongly restrained her heartbeat and said,&quot; My eldest son, good son, mother listens to you.&quot;Her daughter called Liu Huiyi, a tough, aspirant, and kind girl who was affected by her mother since she was born. （Wang Zhiling）<br /> <br /> ====Part 14r 王智灵 Wang Zhiling====<br /> <br /> 这时候她也看出了哥哥的变化，聪明的丫头不露声色，附和哥哥说：“妈妈，我也不要压岁钱了，你留着买件新衣服穿，你看你，身上的棉袄袖子都磨漏了……”<br /> At this time, she also perceived the change in her brother. The smart girl didn't show her feeling and agreed with her brother, saying &quot;Mom, I don't want the New Year's money, either. You save it to buy a new garment. Look at yourself, the sleeves of your cotton-padded jacket are even worn out...&quot;<br /> <br /> At this time, she also sensed the change of her brother. The smart girl concealed her feeling and showed agreement with her brother, saying &quot;Mom, I don't want the New Year's money, either. You should save it and buy a new garment. Look at you, the sleeves of your wadded jacket are even ragged...&quot; (吴博涵 Wu Bohan)<br /> <br /> 党桂梅一把搂住两个孩子，紧紧地贴在自己的胸口上，眼泪再也止不住了，难道从前的日子要回来了，难道从前的幸福要回来了？<br /> Dang Guimei put the two children in her arms with a swift hug and pressed them tightly to her chest. Her tears could no longer stop. Are the old days coming back? Is the happiness in the past coming back? She thought to herself.<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei clasped the two children tightly to her chest and burst into tears. Could the old days come back? Could the former happiness come back? She thought to herself. (吴博涵 Wu Bohan)<br /> <br /> 这一天，党桂梅比什么时候都盼着刘玉国回家，她要把这个好消息告诉丈夫。<br /> On this day, Dang Guimei’s expectation for Liu Yuguo’s return home was stronger than at any other time because she wanted to tell her husband the good news.<br /> <br /> On this day, Dang Guimei was longing for Liu Yuguo’s return stronger than any other time because she wanted to share the good news with her husband. (吴博涵 Wu Bohan)<br /> <br /> 往常，党桂梅心疼劳累了一天的丈夫，总是先招呼丈夫坐下来，全家一起吃了饭，让他抽棵烟，歇一歇。到了很晚，夫妻俩才有时间，说点话，商量点事儿什么的。此刻，她实在捺不住激动的心情了，<br /> 刘玉国一进门，她就把丈夫拉进里屋，说，我有一个好消息要告诉你。<br /> Formerly, Dang Guimei felt distressed for her dear husband who had worked hard all day. Therefore, she always asked him to sit down first and let him smoke a cigarette after the whole family had dinner together so that he could have a rest. It was very late that the couple had time to talk and discuss something. At the moment, she couldn't help feeling excited. As soon as Liu Yuguo entered the room, she pulled her husband into the inner room, saying, “I have a piece of good news for you.”<br /> <br /> Usually, Dang Guimei felt bad for her husband who had worked so hard all day long. She always called him to sit down first, and the whole family ate dinner together. She would let him smoke a cigarette and rest. When it was late, the couple finally had time to talk and discuss something. At that moment, though, she could not contain her excitement. As soon as Liu Yuguo entered the room, she pulled her husband into the inner room and said, &quot;I have good news to tell you.” (吴博涵 Wu Bohan)<br /> <br /> 谁知道，刘玉国说，我也有个好消息要告诉你。你看看，外屋我给你带来啥好东西了。<br /> Who knows, said Liu Yuguo, “I have a piece of good news for you, too. Look, what good thing have I brought to you in the outer room?”<br /> <br /> Surprisingly, Liu Yuguo said, “I have good news for you, too. Look what I got you in the outer room?” (吴博涵 Wu Bohan)<br /> <br /> 党桂梅说，你让我先说。说着，眼泪就流出来了。<br /> Dang Guimei said, “let me say first.” While saying this, her tears fell down.<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei said,“let me speak first.” And with that, her tears fell down. (吴博涵 Wu Bohan)<br /> <br /> ====Part 14s 吴博涵 Wu Bohan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 刘玉国给党桂梅带回来的是两把笤帚。这两把笤帚是他自己学着绑的，是他在外村学习的毕业作品。<br /> <br /> Liu Yuguo brought two broomsticks back to Dang Guimei. He had learned broom-making techniques in other villages and these were his graduation works tied by himself. <br /> <br /> Liu Yuguo brought two brooms back to Dang Guimei.They were tied by himself as graduation works of his learning in other villages.<br /> <br /> 内蒙古东北部大兴安岭东南部的农村，有五十多年种植笤帚糜子的历史，不过所产的糜子都廉价卖给了外地客商，当地农民自己制作笤帚，是在全国上下开始脱贫攻坚之后。刘玉国拿回来的成品笤帚，和当时外村乡亲们绑的成品，有所不同，更精巧，更漂亮一些。<br /> <br /> In the villages in southeastern Great Khingan Mountains of northeastern Inner Mongolia, there had been a history of growing broomcorn millet for more than 50 years. However, all the broomcorn millet produced was sold to outside merchants at a low price. Local farmers didn’t make broomsticks by themselves until a nationwide campaign against poverty begun. The broomsticks Liu Yuguo brought back were different from the ones that the villagers from other villages had made. They were more delicate and beautiful. <br /> <br /> In the villages in southeastern Great Khingan Mountains of northeastern Inner Mongolia, there had been a history of growing broomcorn millet for more than 50 years. However, all the broomcorn millet produced was sold to outside merchants at a low price. Local farmers didn’t make brooms with their millet until the nationwide campaign against poverty began. The two brooms Liu Yuguo brought back,different from those made by his folks from other villages,were more delicate and beautiful.<br /> <br /> 刘玉国说，你看没看出点门道？<br /> <br /> Liu Yuguo said,‘Did you see anything special?’ <br /> <br /> &quot;Did you see anything special?&quot; Liu Yuguo asked.<br /> <br /> 党桂梅说，我知道，你把塑料绳和丝绸带子都扎进去了，变出花样了。<br /> <br /> ‘I know,’ Dang Guimei said，‘You've got plastic cords and silk straps in, and you've done something rather unique.'<br /> <br /> &quot;Yeah,I know.&quot; Dang Guimei replied, &quot;You've got plastic cords and silk straps in, and that shows more variety.&quot;<br /> <br /> 刘玉国说，我的基本功还是不行，手劲不匀，分缕也不准，但是咱下力学，也不是啥难事。现在手工活儿受欢迎，消费者买啥东西都喜欢精致的。要是弄好了，一把小笤帚就能卖五十元钱呢，大笤帚卖一百元也不是问题呀。<br /> <br /> Then, Liu Yuguo said ‘My basic skills need to be improved. I have uneven grip and can’t get the wisps correctly divided. But it won’t be hard if we put serious efforts into it. Handicrafts are so popular nowadays, and consumers like to buy everything delicate. If it's made properly, a small broom can be sold for fifty yuan, and a big one may even reach one hundred yuan.' <br /> <br /> &quot; Well, my basic skills still need improvements.&quot; Liu said,&quot; I can't keep my grip strength equal and get the wisps of millet evenly divided. But I think it won’t be hard if we put serious efforts into it. Handicrafts are so popular now， and what consumers like to buy are something delicate. So,if made properly, a small broom can be sold for fifty yuan, and it may not even be a problem for a big one sold at one hundred yuan.&quot;<br /> <br /> 党桂梅飞快地算了一笔账，家里的十五亩地，过去种笤帚苗子，能卖出四五千块，要是自己用自家的原料绑笤帚，收入可要翻上七八倍呢！<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei had a quick calculation in her mind, ‘On our family's fifteen mu(about 2.5 acres) of land, we used to plant broomcorn millet and could earn four to five thousand yuan by selling these materials. If we tied the brooms with our own raw materials, our income would be seven to eight times higher!’<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei had a quick calculation in her mind: On her family's fifteen mu(about 2.5 acres) of land, they could earn four to five thousand yuan by selling broomcorn millet they used to plant. However, if those materials were tied into brooms, their income would be seven to eight times higher!<br /> <br /> [[Media:Example.ogg]]====Part 14t 付静 Fu Jing ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 邻居大嫂在村里遇到党桂梅，很奇怪地问她，桂梅你家电灯开关是不是不好使了，怎么晚上老也不闭灯啊？大嫂子不知道，这两口子又像当年上山挖药一般地干疯了，起早贪黑一个月，他俩拿下绑笤帚的技术，还开始了自己对自己的挑战，自己学着设计花样、设计造型。心情好，身体就好，党桂梅好像把有病在身的事情都给忘记了，每天忙的不亦乐乎。家里有了钱，儿子得到更好的治疗，身体和精神也一天天恢复向好，可以帮助父亲照看牲畜，帮助母亲干一些体力活了。党桂梅跟我说：“真的，是扶贫攻坚的好政策，让我们家登上了顺风的大船，跟上了时代的脚步。”<br /> 收获总是属于不辞辛苦的人。刘玉国和党桂梅成了远近闻名的绑扎能手。他们把自己的绑的笤帚拿到了市场上营销，其中有结实的扫地笤帚，有轻巧的扫炕笤帚，有很多种装饰用的观赏笤帚。根据市场的需求，他们不停地探索出新的花样笤帚，例如民俗中给婴儿放在枕边压惊的迷你小笤帚，放在汽车里除尘用的长把短头笤帚、老人喜欢的锤锤乐等等，结果喜欢的人越来越多，第一桶金就这样来了。党桂梅没事算了又算，如果就照这个路子做下去，不出二年，他们一家就会过上富富有余的好日子。<br /> <br /> An elder woman from neighborhood met Dang Guimei in the village and asked her strangely, “Guimei, does your light switch not work well? Why don't you turn off the lights at night?” The neighbor didn't know that Dang Guimei and her husband were going as crazy as when they went to the mountain to dig herbal medicine. They worked around the clock for a month and unlocked the skill of making brooms. They also began to challenge themselves by learning to design patterns and shapes of brooms on their own. When a person was in a good mood, she would be in good health. Dang Guimei seemed to have forgotten everything about her illness and was very busy every day. With her family being wealthier, her son received better treatment, and his body and spirit also came better day by day. He could help his father look after livestock and help his mother do some physical work. Dang Guimei said to me, &quot;Really, it is a good policy to help the poor. It has enabled our family to board a ship with the wind of development and keep up with the times.&quot; The harvest belongs to those who spare no pains. Liu Yuguo and Dang Guimei became well-known experts in making brooms. They took their brooms to the market for sale, including solid ones for sweeping floors, light ones for cleaning Kangs ( a heatable brick bed in North China), and many kinds of ornamental ones. They kept exploring new patterns of brooms as well, such as a mini broom used to put babies on their pillows in folk customs, a long-handled but short-headed broom used for dust removal in cars, and a broom that the elderly liked to use to be thumped on the back. As a result, more and more people liked their products and their first bucket of gold came. When free, Dang Guimei would calculate over and over again: If they follow this path, within two years, their family would live a richer and better life.<br /> <br /> They worked around the clock for a month and unlocked the skill of making brooms. They also began to challenge themselves by learning to design patterns and shapes of brooms on their own. <br /> When a person was in a good mood, she would be in good health. Dang Guimei seemed to have forgotten the fact that she is ill and was very busy every day. <br /> With her family being wealthier, her son received better treatment, and his body and spirit also came better day by day. <br /> He could help his father look after livestock and help his mother do some physical work. Dang Guimei said to me, &quot; it is indeed a good policy to help the poor. It has enabled our family to board a ship with the wind of development and keep up with the times.&quot; <br /> The harvest belongs to those who spare no pains. Liu Yuguo and Dang Guimei became well-known experts in making brooms. They took their brooms to the market for sale, including solid ones for sweeping floors, light ones for cleaning Kangs ( a heatable brick bed in North China), and many kinds of ornamental ones. They kept exploring new patterns of brooms as well, such as a mini broom used to put babies on their pillows in folk customs, a long-handled but short-headed broom used for dust removal in cars, and a broom that the elderly liked to use to be thumped on the back.<br /> As a result, more and more people liked their products and their first bucket of gold came. When free, Dang Guimei would think over many times: If they continue to follow this path, within two years, their family would live a richer and better life.<br /> <br /> ====Part 14u 高燕 Gao Yan ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 如果在绝地翻身伊始，埋头自扫门前雪，一心一意把自己家的致富工程经营好，也是来无可厚非的。但是党桂梅和刘玉国心里，正琢磨着的是，哈拉哈达乡北方身村 ，有一百多户，一般一口人三亩地，基础很薄，卧床不起的，一家有两个残疾人的，因事致贫的，比自己贫困的还有不少人家。党的政策帮助了咱，咱好意思看着他们受穷吗。<br /> 为了能带动其它贫困户一起从事笤帚加工，两口子把自家的两间屋子收拾出来当扶贫车间，但手头只有几十块钱，不够用。聪明手巧的刘玉国就自己制图，自己动手焊接，用废弃的自行车改装出一套笤帚苗绑扎架子，接着边用边改进，制作出了集绑扎工具和案台于一体、同时容纳六人操作的绑扎工作设备，大大提高了工作效率。刘玉国和党桂梅当师傅，把绑笤帚的技术传授给了二十多位村民，让他们到车间学会技术，各自回家绑笤帚，然后后借助扶贫创业车间的市场渠道出售。<br /> <br /> it is understandable that Dang Guimei and Liu Yuguo become successful in the most difficult time and make up their mind to become rich. But in their heart, what they want to do is how to help other people get rid of poverty because in Hala Hada township, the village in the north, there are more than 100 households, generally a person three mu of land, some of who have thin foundation or bedridden, disabled people. There are more family poorer than us. The policies of the Party have helped us, but we are ashamed to watch them suffer from poverty. In order to encourage other poor households to do broom work together, the couple cleaned out their two rooms as a poverty alleviation workshop, but they had only a few dozen yuan, which was not enough. <br /> Clever and skillful Liu Yuguo started to draw and welding and made a broom seedlings binding shelf out of an abandoned bicycle. Then he continued to improve the skill and produced<br /> a set of binding tools and table which can accommodate six people to operate the binding equipment, thus greatly improving the work efficiency.<br /> Liu Yuguo and Dang Guimei worked as masters and taught the skills to more than 20 villagers, so that they can learn the skills on the workshop. Then then went home to tie their broomsticks and sold broomsticks through the market channel of the poverty alleviation workshop.<br /> <br /> ====Part 14v 关娜 Guan Na ====<br /> <br /> 我走进党桂梅家的场院和住房，远远就听到了妇女们快乐的说笑声。现在，乡里用扶贫资金，给他家修建了专门置放笤帚苗子的大仓库，又更新了扶贫车间的生产设备，村里的妇女和老人乡亲们，也有了用武之地，不用餐风露宿，不用单独经营，只要学了技术，就可以来他们家的扶贫车间挣到钱，过舒心日子。<br /> <br /> As my walking into Dang Guimei's yard, I heared the happy laughter of women from a distance. Now, the village specifically built a large warehouse for placing broom seedlings and updated the production equipments of the workshop by using the funds of poverty alleviation. The unemployed women and elderly villiagers can make money in this workshop, without living in the openor operating alone.<br /> <br /> As I walked into Dang Guimei's yard and house, I heared women talking and laughing happily from a distance.Now,the village specifically built a large warehouse for placing broom seedlings and updated the production equipments of the workshop by using the funds of poverty alleviation. The unemployed women and elderly villiagers can make money in this workshop, without living in the openor operating alone.——（Wu Xiaoli伍晓莉）<br /> <br /> 党桂梅和刘玉国被评为脱贫攻坚内生动力示范户。2018年“三八节”，党桂梅在镇政府举办的“笤帚苗加工技能比赛”中荣获优秀奖，他们家彻底甩掉了贫苦户的帽子。2019年他们种植三十多亩笤帚糜子，带动十个贫困户一起脱贫。他们的精品笤帚，在市场上不停走红，已经卖到了北京、天津、石家庄，有一位著名的影视演员一次就购买了三百多条。<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei and Liu Yuguo were praised as the demonstration households in the battle of poverty alleviation. In the March Eighth Festival of 2018, Dang won an excellent prize in the &quot;broom seedling processing skills competition&quot; held by the town government, and their family lost their poor hat of poverty. In 2019, they planted more than 30 mu of broom seedlings which lift 10 poor families out of poverty. Their fine brooms become more and more popular in the market, and have been sold to many cities, such as Beijing, Tianjinand Shijiazhuang. And a famous actor bought more than 300 pieces at a time.<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei and Liu Yuguo were praised as demonstration households of endogenous driving force in poverty alleviation. During the March Eighth Festival in 2018, Dang won an excellent prize in the &quot;broom seedling processing skills competition&quot; held by the township government, and their family lost their poor hat of poverty.In 2019, they planted more than 30 mu of broomsticks and broomsticks to lift 10 poor families out of poverty. Their fine brooms become more and more popular in the market, and have been sold to Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, and a famous movie actor bought more than 300 pieces at a time.-——（Wu Xiaoli伍晓莉）<br /> <br /> 底气足了，党桂梅侃侃而谈。在采访结束的时候，党桂梅说咱们俩加微信吧，我看到，她给自己起了个网名，叫红星向党，很多人在微信上订购她的笤帚。<br /> 我起身告别，党桂梅拉着我的手，不让我走，非让我去看看她丫头的奖状。<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei, full of confidence, talked eloquently. At the end of the interview, Dang Guimei said,&quot; please add me on Wechat.&quot; I saw that her name is &quot;Hongxingxiangdang&quot;, and many people were ordering her brooms on the app. When I got up to say goodbye, Dang Guimei took my hand, not letting me go, but let me go to see her girl's awards.<br /> <br /> Full of confidence, the party Guimei talked with conviction. At the end of the interview, Dang Guimei said,&quot; please add me on Wechat.&quot; I saw that her name is &quot;Hongxingxiangdang&quot;, and many people were ordering her brooms on the app. When I got up to say goodbye, Dang Guimei took my hand, not letting me go, but let me go to see her girl's certificate.——（Wu Xiaoli伍晓莉）<br /> <br /> ====Part 14w 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli ====<br /> <br /> 党桂梅告诉我，她去学校给丫头开家长会。老师说告诉她，你家刘慧怡学习好，又谦让，对于有缺点有困难的同学很热心。党桂梅说我心里明白，我们平日里对女儿的教育，如今显了效果——能站起来走路，没人会愿意爬着走。咱们困难过，穷过，要是没有人帮，能站起来吗？所以咱们到啥时候也不要看不起穷人，看不起弱者。你手心里有硬币，就不要攥着握着，要用手托着，递给这个世界。<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei told me that she went to the school to hold a parent meeting for her daughter. The teacher said she had been told that your daughter, Liu Huiyi, was a good student, modest and enthusiastic about her classmates who had shortcomings and difficulties. Dang Guimei said I understood in my heart that the education we had given our daughter in the past was now showing results - no one would want to crawl if they could stand up and walk. We have had difficulties, poor, if there is no one to help, can stand up? So let's not look down on the poor and the weak at all times. If you have a coin in your hand, don't hold it in your hand, but hold it in your hand and hand it to the world. On the way back, <br /> <br /> <br /> Dang Guimei told me that she went to the school to attend her girl's parent meeting. The teacher told her that your girl Liu Huiyi has good grades, humble and very enthusiastic about students with shortcomings and difficulties. Dang Guimei said I totally understand that, our daily education to our daughter now pays back----No one wants to crawl when they can stand up and walk. We have been through some difficult days too, we can't stand up straight without others' help. So let's not look down on any poor or weak people at all. If you have a coin in your hand, don't clutch it and hide it, but hand it to the world.<br /> <br /> <br /> 回来的路上，党桂梅去了书店，买了一套四大名著，作为对女儿的奖励。<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei went to the bookstore and bought a set of the Four Great Classical Novels as a reward for her daughter.<br /> <br /> <br /> On the way back, Dang Guimei went to the bookstore and bought a set of the Chinese Four Great Classical Novels as a reward for her daughter.<br /> <br /> == Part 15 ==<br /> <br /> ====Part 15a 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 你的故事正年轻<br /> <br /> 我没有想到眼前这个人就是赵丽杰。赤峰市扶贫办和林西县扶贫的工作人员，纷纷给我讲赵丽杰的故事，没有谁对她的外在形象做过描述。<br /> <br /> <br /> 在我的想象中，一个开着拖拉机在田地里春种秋收的女人，一个赶着四百只羊早出晚归的女人，一个独自开车，每天进出几十家售送自己包的粘豆包的女人，应该属于身强力壮那一款——脸上布满烈日留下的赭红，手上有粘稠的汗渍和厚厚的老茧，笑起来前仰后合地动山摇，身上的衣服平平常常宽松肥大，用拿起一把铁锨的感觉，端起餐桌上的筷子。<br /> <br /> Your story has just begun<br /> <br /> I didn't expect that the woman right in front of me is Zhao Lijie. The staff of Poverty Alleviation Office in Chifeng City and Linxi County have told me the story of Zhao Lijie, but no one has ever described her external image.<br /> <br /> In my imagination, a woman who drives a tractor in the fields in spring and autumn, drives four hundred sheep early and late, and drives alone to dozens of homes every day to sell her own sticky bean buns, should be a strong type----Her face is covered with the ochre left by the hot sun, her hands have sticky sweat stains and thick calluses, laughing back and forth to the ground, the clothes are homely and often loose and fat, picks up the chopsticks with the feeling of picking up a shovel.<br /> <br /> <br /> Your story has just begun<br /> <br /> I didn't expect that the woman in front of me is Zhao Lijie. The staff of the Poverty Alleviation Office in Chifeng City and Linxi County have told me the story of Zhao Lijie, but none of them has ever described her appearance.<br /> <br /> In my imagination, a woman who drives a tractor in the fields in the seasons of sowing and harvesting, herds four hundred sheep day in and day out, and sells self-made sticky bean buns to dozens of houses alone, should be sturdy and vigorous ---- With sunburn on her face and sticky sweat stains and thick calluses in hands, she often laughs aloud and her body shakes back and forth. Usually dressed in slack and loose clothes, she picks up the chopsticks on the table as if fetching a shovel on the ground.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15b 胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 事实上，赵丽杰是个美丽的时尚女郎，以至于她就坐在我的身边，我还在想，不是说赵丽杰会来吗，怎么还没有到？我这样说毫不夸张，我身边的她，雪肤凝脂，脸上透出些许玫瑰的色泽，一双眼睛黑亮清澈，长发垂肩，身材有型，说话绵言细语，举手投足从容大方。我一向衣帽取女人，不是看价钱，而是看一个女人在把衣帽变成服饰的过程中体现出来的品味。浅牛仔色的棉布衬衫，外罩深一度的牛仔坎肩裙，坎肩裙的领口和裙摆处有一道浅金色的镶边，黑色的体型打底裤，脚踩一双暖色调的漆皮鞋，皮鞋装饰竟然和裙子上的镶边相映成趣……赵丽杰的打扮体现了她的自我了解，抬人儿，雅气，简洁，毫不刻意，又透出小小的心思，这种女性的聪慧让我看着非常舒服。服饰往往体现一个女性对生活和自己的全部理解。还没有深谈，我就喜欢上她了。<br /> <br /> In fact, Zhao Lijie was such a beautiful and fashionable woman that I could not help thinking about that ‘isn’t Zhao Lijie coming? Why hasn’t she arrived yet?’ even if she was sitting next to me. It wasn’t an exaggeration. White and creamy skin, rosy cheeks, black and clear eyes, long hair hanging down on the shoulders, and a good figure, she spoke gently and acted calmly and generously. I usually judge a woman by the clothes and hat she wears. Instead of looking at the prices, I pay much attention to the taste shown by a woman in the process of turning her clothes into an outfit. Zhao dressed in a light denim-colored cotton shirt, a deep denim waistcoat skirt with light gold trim at its collar and hem, black leggings, and a pair of warm-colored leather shoes. The decoration of the shoes was surprisingly coupled with the trimming of the skirt. Zhao’s dress reflected her self-understanding, kindness, elegance, and concision. It seemed that she did not care too much about it, but all the items revealed her tiny minds. This kind of female intelligence made me soothed. Clothing often embodies a woman’s full understanding of life and herself. Even without an intimate talk with her, I have fallen in love with her.<br /> <br /> As a matter of fact, Zhao Lijie was such a beautiful and fashionable woman that I could not help thinking about that ‘isn’t Zhao Lijie coming? Why hasn’t she arrived yet?’ even if she was sitting next to me. It wasn’t an exaggeration. White and creamy skin, rosy cheeks, black and clear eyes, long hair hanging down on the shoulders, and a good figure, she spoke gently and acted calmly and generously. I usually judge a woman by the clothes and hat she wears. Instead of looking at the prices, I pay much attention to the taste shown by a woman in the process of turning her clothes into an outfit. Zhao dressed in a light denim-colored cotton shirt, a deep denim waistcoat skirt with light gold trim at its collar and hem, black leggings, and a pair of warm-colored leather shoes. The decoration of the shoes was surprisingly coupled with the trimming of the skirt. Zhao’s dress reflected her self-understanding, kindness, elegance, and concision. It seemed that she did not care too much about it, but all the items revealed her tiny minds. This kind of female intelligence made me comfortable. Clothing often embodies a woman’s full understanding of life and herself. Even without an intimate talk with her, I have fallen in love with her.<br /> 这是一个从故事里走来的女子。1987年出生，今年33岁，赵丽杰如此年轻的人生故事，使我想起一株柔嫩的柳树，多少次在风中雪中弯下腰，似乎就要折断，却能够慢慢地直起身，站起来，然后绿意盎然，茁壮成长。<br /> <br /> Zhao is like a woman who came out of a story. Born in 1987, she is at a young age now. Her story reminded me of a tender willow tree. It bends down many times in windy and snowy days and seems to break, but it is able to stand up slowly and then grow up luxuriantly and healthily.<br /> <br /> Zhao is like a fictional woman. Born in 1987, she is at a young age now. Her story reminded me of a tender willow tree. It bends down many times in windy and snowy days and seems to break, but it is able to stand up slowly and then thrive luxuriantly.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15c 夏盼 Xia Pan====<br /> <br /> 一<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰的父母都是林西县的农民。<br /> <br /> Zhao Lijie's parents are both farmers in Linxi County. <br /> <br /> 林西县的双兴村地处大兴安岭山脉南部的山沟里，干旱少雨，缺养人的河，缺水浇地，也缺致富的路。这里只适合种植耐旱的杂粮，杂粮低产，一年到头辛苦下来，只能收获几百斤。在他们第一个儿子不幸夭折之后，这对夫妻看到一家亲戚放弃了一个生下三天的女婴儿，抱起来看看，这孩子命大，还有呼吸，他们心软，便抱回家当了自己的女儿。为了给孩子个富裕的生活，这对夫妻决定远走他乡。大兴安岭北部东侧的鄂伦春自治旗小二沟乡成了他们落脚的地方。在这里，他们浑身的气力和农耕经验派上了用场。夫妻双双种地，使用机械化作业，一种一收就是上万斤；丈夫间或出去林业局打工，虽然把大圆木从山上运下来的工作十分艰苦，但是可以挣到优厚的工资，这是在远方的老家想都不敢想的事情。<br /> <br /> Shuangxing Village in Linxi County is located in a ravine in the southern part of the Daxing'anling Mountains, with drought climate and little rainfall, a lack of rivers to feed people, a lack of water to water land, and a lack of roads to get rich. Here is only suitable for planting drought-tolerant grains, The yield of grains is low. After hard working all year round, only a few hundred catties of grain can be harvested.After the tragic death of their first son, the couple saw a relative abandoned a three-day-old baby girl. They picked it up and looked at it. The child was lucky and breathing. They were soft-hearted, so they took her home and raised her as thier own daughter.In order to give their children a rich life, the couple decided to travel far away. Xiaoergou Township, Oroqen Autonomous Banner, on the eastern side of the northern part of the Greater Khingan Mountains has become their place of settlement. Here, their strength and farming experience come in handy. The couple both cultivated their land with mechanized operations, and they harvested tens of thousands of pounds of grain every year. The husband sometimes went out to work in the forestry bureau. Although the work of transporting the big logs from the mountains is very difficult, he can earn a good salary which is unbelievable in his far hometown.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15d 夏依颐 ====<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰出生了，健康又活泼，不久母亲又给她生了个弟弟，一家五口，过上了温饱安稳的生活。不知道为什么，在家里的三个孩子当中，父亲对二女儿丽杰分外严厉。九岁，父亲就带着她下地了，让她分辨什么是草，什么是苗；上了小学，父亲便要求她学做饭，学洗衣服，照顾弟弟；十三岁，父亲手把手地教她开小四轮拖拉机，她就这样学会了做庄稼活儿，每年家里春种秋收的时候，田里总是少不了她单薄矮小的身影。相对于赵丽杰，姐姐和弟弟得到的疼爱，要多很多。吃的穿的，都是尽着他们俩。父亲经常和丽杰说的是，一个人就是累死，也不能饿死，只要你认干，就没有过不下去的日子。要学会要靠自己的肩膀把家撑起来。而对待姐姐和弟弟，父亲从来不说这些，一味和风细雨，关怀备至。<br /> Zhao Lijie was born, healthy and lively, and soon her mother gave birth to a little brother. A family of five lived a stable life without worrying food and clothing. The father somehow was stricter with Lijie, the second daughter, than the rest. At the age of nine, she was even brought to work with her father in the fields and asked to distinguish plants, from grass to seedlings. Years later, she, as young as an elementary school student, was requested to learn to cook and do the laundry, and take care of her brother. As she turned thirteen, her father taught her to drive a small four-wheel tractor, and she learned to do farm work. Her tiny figure is always seen in the fields when the planting or harvest season arrives. She is the one who receives the very least parental love, as her siblings can always be the first to enjoy food or clothes. What she heard most from her father is that one can lose his life from exhaustion, but never from starvation and that as long as he works, he can sure to make a living and support his family with his own shoulders. Nevertheless, those words are never said to Lijie’s siblings for the father nourishes them so carefully with gentle breeze and mild drizzle.<br /> <br /> Zhao Lijie was born, healthy and lively, and soon her mother gave birth to a little brother. A family of five lived a stable life . But The father was stricter with Lijie than the rest. At the age of nine, she was even brought to work with her father in the fields and asked to distinguish grass between seedlings. Years later, she, as young as an elementary school student, was requested to learn to cook and do the laundry, and take care of her brother. As she turned thirteen, her father taught her to drive a small four-wheel tractor, in this way, she learned how to do farm work. It is common to see her small in the fields in the planting and harvest season arrives. She receives little parental love, as her siblings always be the first one to enjoy food and clothes. What she heard most from her father is that, one can lose his life from exhaustion, but never from starvation as long as he works. It is essential to learn to make a living and support his family on his own. Nevertheless, those words are never said to Lijie’s siblings because the father nourishes them with meticulous care.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15e 贺沛 He Pei ====<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰搞不懂父亲，也有几分赌气。看到姐姐退学在家里，赵丽杰说，我不想退学，我要接着读，不想当一个无知的人。为了不让外人议论父母，说他们偏向亲生的女儿，只供丽杰上学，不供姐姐了。小小年纪的丽杰，上了中学，她就开始自己供自己了。所有不上课的时间，她先到自家地里薅草，间苗，干杂活，不论是下雨还是刮风，哪怕被浇透冻透，都必须把急重的活儿干完。干完自己家的活儿，她就去别人家的地里打工，挣自己的书费，住宿费，伙食费。<br /> <br /> 十七八岁的时候，村里人都叫赵丽杰假小子。装着一百多斤粮食的袋子，别人帮着搭上了肩头，她背起来就走；一百多只羊的羊群，她鞭子一甩就赶到了草甸子；拖拉机和农机有点小毛病她也能鼓捣好。<br /> <br /> 2006年，父亲由于长年上山运送木头，经常在寒气中喝酒驱寒，得了一种莫名的疾病，浑身没劲，手发抖，于是只好回家侍弄牛羊养家。正月十五，他在给牛加料时，突然身子一歪，就倒在了地上，当赵丽杰听见声音，父亲已经永远地闭上了双眼。母亲带着弟弟到沈阳看病去了，姐姐回了她的生母家，家里只有赵丽杰一个人，那时赵丽杰还是个不满十九岁的小姑娘。<br /> <br /> Zhao Lijie didn't understand his father, also for a moment of pique. When her sister dropped out of school at home, Zhao Lijie said that she wanted to study instead of dropping out because she didn't want to be an ignorant person. In order not to let outsiders make carping comment on her parents about showing partiality to herself, she began to support for herself in middle school. When she was not in school, she went up to her fields for weeding, thinning seedlings and doing chores. No matter when it rains or blows, or even she is soaked and frozen, she has to do her heavy work. After her own work, she went to work in other people's fields to earn her tuition fee and living costs. <br /> <br /> At the age of 17 or 18, all villagers called Zhao Lijie tomboy. A bag of more than a hundred pounds of grain was put on her shoulders, and she carried it on her back. The flock of more than a hundred sheep, with a flick of her whip, reached the grass; She even can work it out when the tractor and farm machinery break down.<br /> <br /> In 2006, because Lijie's father had been carrying wood up the mountain for a long time, he often drank in the cold to ward off the cold, he got an inexplicable disease, he was weak and his hands trembled, so he had to go home to feed his family with cattle and sheep. On the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, when he was feeding the cow, his body suddenly tilted and he fell to the ground. When Zhao Lijie heard the sound, his father had oassed away. Her mother took little brother to Shenyang to see a doctor, and her sister went back to her birth mother's home. Zhao Lijie was the only one at home and she was still a little girl under 19 at that time.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15f 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei ====<br /> <br /> 天塌了！赵丽杰使劲摇父亲，父亲的胳膊突然变得很沉重，很僵硬；她喊着，爸呀，爸呀，父亲的眼睛好像微微一动，细看却再也不动了；她把脸贴在父亲的手心上，父亲的手心开始还是温热的，不一会就冰凉冰凉的了，最后，那个无数次抚摸过自己头顶、扶着自己干农活儿的手掌彻底僵直，无论小丽杰怎样拼命用自己的手去揉，去暖，仍然像寒风中的一块铁那般无情。<br /> <br /> Terrible things happen! Zhao Lijie shook her father hard; his arms suddenly became very stiff. She shouted, &quot;Dad, dad, dad,&quot; her father's eyes seeming to move slightly and looked closely but his eyes never moved. She put her face on her father's palm, at the beginning his palm being warm, later it becaming cold. Finally the palm that had touched his head countless times and helped her do farm work completely turned stiff. No matter how she desperately used her hands to rub and warm it. It was still like a piece of relentless iron in the cold wind.<br /> <br /> Terrible things happened! Zhao Lijie put forth her strength to shake her father, whose arms suddenly became very heavy and stiff, and shouted, &quot;Dad, dad, dad&quot;. His eyes seemed to move slightly, but didn’t move any more when she looked closely. She put her face on her father's palm, which was warm at the beginning but soon became cold. Finally, the palm that had touched her head countless times and helped her do farm work completely turned stiff. No matter how she desperately used her hands to rub and warm it, it was still like a piece of relentless iron in the cold wind.<br /> <br /> 这一天是正月十五，浑圆的月亮把院子、草垛、羊圈、父亲的遗体照得惨白，天地间那个静啊，小丽杰啕嚎地哭喊着，没有一个人能听到她的声音，她觉得，整个世界都和父亲一起冻成冰了。小丽杰想把父亲从地上抱起来，可是怎么也抱不动，她突然清醒了——难道那个时刻真的到了？她慢慢抬起头，孤零零地站在月光下。爸呀，爸呀，你为什么跟我说要学会用肩膀把家撑起来，你难道早已知道一切都是命中注定？可是我并不知道该怎么办……爸呀，爸呀，你就这样把我丢在大冷天里头了，你就不能回回头，告诉我可怎么办啊……绝不能把这个噩耗告诉母亲。母亲远在沈阳，因为弟弟三天之后就要做一个大手术，如果告诉她，她垮了，弟弟谁来管。<br /> <br /> On the 15th day of the first lunar month, the full moon shone the yard, the haystack, the sheep pen, and her father's body in white. The world was so quiet. She cried out but no one could hear her voice. She felt that the whole world and her father were all frozen and she wanted to pick up her father from the ground, but could not do so. She suddenly sobered up - did the moment really arrive? She slowly lifted her head and stood alone in the moonlight. She thought, “Dad, why did you tell me to learn to surpported the family? Did you already know that everything was destined? But I do not know what to do. Dad, dad, you just left me in the bitterness, can you turn back and tell me what to do? I should not tell this bad news to my mother. My mother is far away in Shenyang, because my brother will have a major surgery in three days. If I tell her, she will collapse, and then nobody can take care of him”.<br /> <br /> That day was the 15th day of the first lunar month. The full moon shone the yard, the haystack, the sheep pen, and her father's remain in white. The world was so quiet, but no one could hear her when she cried out. It seemed like the whole world was frozen with her father.She wanted to pick up her father from the ground but failed. Then she suddenly sobered up—did the moment really come? She slowly lifted her head and stood alone in the moonlight. She thought, “Dad, why did you tell me to learn to support the family? Had you already know that everything was destined? But I have no idea about how I should do...Dad, dad, you just left me in the bitterness, can you turn back and tell me how to do...I should not tell this bad news to my mother, who was in a far place, Shenyang, because there is a major surgery for my brother in three days. If I tell her, she will collapse left my brother alone”.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15g 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu ====<br /> <br /> 雪花从朝晖的缝隙中袭来，当父亲的遗体被装进朱红色的棺椁，安放在院子里，小丽杰的眼泪已经在夜晚里哭干了，她孤零零地跪在烧纸盆前。她烧完的纸钱灰一层层悬摞着，生命，生活，时间，记忆在这一刻变成了一场灰。却不知，一个火星突然探出来，纸钱死灰复燃，火舌飞快地燎着小丽杰的刘海，烤到了小丽杰的手，她愣愣地不知道痛，恍然中心里一惊，难道这是父亲重重的一句叮嘱？<br /> 按照北方丧葬的习俗，停灵三天出殡。小丽杰一个人，白天给来帮忙的乡亲做饭，晚上守着父亲的灵柩呆坐。<br /> <br /> Snow flied in the morning glow. Before her father's remains was put into the cinnabar coffin and placed in the yard, she had burst all her tears at night and now she knelt in front of the burning paper basin solely. The paper money ashes was stacked layer by layer. Life, livelihood, time and memory turned into the ashed. While a spark suddenly came out, which rekindled the paper money, the fire quickly touched her fringe and burned her hand. She looked blank and didn't realize the hurt. An idea suddenly came into her mind——Was it a meaningful request from father? According to the custom of burying in the north of China, the dead should be stayed at home for three days before funeral. Therefore, little Lijie cooked for villagers who gave hands for her by herself during the day and blankly sat by her father's coffin at night.<br /> <br /> Snow flied through the cracks of the morning glow. Before her father's remains was placed in the cinnabar coffin in a yard, she had burst all her tears at night and now she knelt in front of the burning paper basin solely. The paper money ashes was stacked layer by layer,at this moment,life, livelihood, time and memory turned into the ashed. While a spark suddenly came out, which rekindled the paper money, the fire quickly touched her fringe and burned her hands. She looked blank and didn't realize the hurt. Suddenly,an idea came into her mind——Was it a meaningful exhortion from my father? According to funeral customs in the north of China, the dead should be stayed at home for three days before funeral. Therefore, little Lijie, cooked for villagers who gave hands for her by herself during the day,rigidly sit by her father's coffin at night.<br /> <br /> 弟弟的手术并不成功，他和死去的哥哥生得是同一种病，这种病来自基因，中国只见过两例。被苦难压垮的母亲，整日泪水洗面，精神恍惚，家里的积蓄已经所剩无几，弟弟还需要做第二次手术。二十岁的赵丽杰，在地里偷偷流泪，回到家里，面对弟弟和母亲强作笑颜。只见弟弟一天天虚弱下去，他脸色青灰，无法直腰，肚子无时不在痉挛。每当赵丽杰收工，回家，第一眼就会撞上弟弟那乞怜的眼神，弟弟还小，对死亡并没有什么理解，但是他懂得不能离开母亲和姐姐。骨肉情深，赵丽杰拼死也要救弟弟，她出门借债，踏遍了所有亲朋好友的门槛，可是没有人相信，一个小姑娘有朝一日能够把他们的辛苦钱如数还回来。赵丽杰在人家的面前泪水连连，人家拿出个三头五百，说一句不用还了，算是安慰她。<br /> <br /> Her brother's operation failed. He suffered from the same disease with their brother who already dead, the disease being caused by genes and being recorded only 2 examples in China. Her mother was crushed by suffering and her days were filled with tears and unconsciousness. There is no saving at home, but her brother needed to do the second operation.<br /> At that time, Zhao Lijie was only 20 years old. She shed tears secretly in the field, but pretended to smile when facing her brother and mother at home. Her brother became thinner and thinner. His face was grey and he can't straighten his waist for his stomach cramped all the time. Every time Zhao finished her work and came back home, she would touch his poor eyes. His brother was too young to realize the meaning of death, but he knew that he can't leave his mother and sister. Deep love are in families, so Zhao wanted to save her brother even if she lose her life. She tried to borrow money from all her relatives and friends, but nobody believe that this little girl can return the money they worked hard to earn one day. Zhao cried in front of them, and some of them comforted her by giving her a few hundred yuan without asking her to return back.<br /> <br /> Her little brother's operation failed. He had the same disease as their dead brother, which was caused by genes and recorded only 2 examples in China. Her mother was crushed by suffering and her days were filled with tears and unconsciousness. Their savings we're running out, but her brother needed to do the second operation.<br /> At that time, Zhao Lijie was only 20 years old. She shed tears secretly in the field, but pretended to smile when facing her brother and mother at home. Her brother got weaker day by day. His face was grey and he couldn't straighten his back and his stomach cramped all the time. Every time Zhao finished her work and returned home, she would touch his poor eyes at the first sight. His brother was too young to realize the meaning of death, but he knew that he can't leave his mother and sister. Deep love are in families, so Zhao would save her brother even if she lost her life. She tried to borrow money from all her relatives and friends, but nobody believed that this little girl could pay back all their hard-earned money one day. Zhao cried in front of them, and some of them comforted her by giving her a few hundred yuan without asking her to return back.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15h 肖娜 Xiao Na====<br /> <br /> 家里连个可以商量的人都没有了。到底还得动用命根子，赵丽杰卖了五垧地，拿到五万元，带着病重的弟弟和精神抑郁的母亲，来到京城协和医院。弟弟住院手术，所有的钱用在他身上还不够。赵丽杰和母亲住不起旅馆，就垫着纸壳子，睡在走廊的地上，吃干面包就矿泉水。母亲为了儿子，女儿为了弟弟和母亲，她们无比坚韧，拼上性命也在所不惜，知道她们处境的人，纷纷伸出援助之手，这个出两百，那个出六百。人在绝境，每一元钱都让他们感到天大的温暖。那些陌生的人，把钱放到母亲的纸壳上边，说声不用谢，就走了。纵使相逢应不识，但是他们的真情就像种子一样，深深地种进了赵丽杰的心田。她发誓，自己这辈子除非不翻身，只要有能力了，一定要帮助穷人，帮助弱者。<br /> <br /> There was no one to have a consultation in the house.After all,Zhao Lijie had to use her lifeblood that is five plots of land to get 50,000 yuan.Then,she took her diseased brother and depressed mother to come to Peking Union Medical College Hospital.It's not enough to spend all the money on her brother's hospitalization and surgery.Zhao with her mother couldn't afford to the expenses of hotel so they slept on the floor of corridor with paper and ate hard bread and drank mineral water.The mother for her son,and the daughter for her mother and brother,which they were greatly dauntless for each other and were even willing to risk their lives.People who knew their situation reach their hands to help them,such as someone gave them 200 yuan,someone gave them 600 yuan.one is in a extreme situation,every dollar makes him feel great warmth.Those strangers put their money in the mother's nearby and said you're welcome and left.Even though they didn't know each other,their true feelings were like seeds.which were deeply planted in Zhao's heart.And she vowed that as long as she has the ability,she must help the poor and the vulnerable people.<br /> <br /> There was no one left to turn to in the family. Zhao Lijie ended up selling five plots of land worthing 50,000 yuan as the last resort. Then, she took her diseased brother and depressed mother to Peking Union Medical College Hospital. However, it was not enough to spend all the money on her brother's hospitalization and surgery. Being unable to afford the hotel, Zhao and her mother slept on the corridor with paper shell and ate dry bread with water when they were hungry. The mother made sacrifices for her son, and the daughter for her mother and brother. Both of them were very dauntless and were even willing to risk their lives for each other. People who knew their situation offered a helping hand, one offering 200 yuan and the other offering 600 yuan. Every yuan made people feel great warmth when they were in desperation. Those strangers put the money on the mother's paper shell, said “you're welcome” and left. Even though they didn't know each other, their kindness were like seeds deeply rooted in Zhao's heart. And she swore that as long as she had the ability, she must help the poor and the vulnerable. <br /> <br /> 弟弟到底没有救活。父母基因太近，如果生男孩，就会造成胎儿畸形，最终不能保住。医生的诊断，让赵丽杰明白了父亲的深意。人类的科学认知距离中国贫穷的乡村虽然十分遥远，父亲对未来的某些预知，来自于他失去大儿子的生命之殇。<br /> <br /> Finally.Zhao's brother couldn't be saved because her parents' genes were too close.If her parents gave birth to boys,they will cause fetal malformation and can't be saved in the end.The doctor's diagnosis made Zhao Lijie know her father's profound meaning.Although human scientific cognition are far away from the poor countryside in China,her father had some predictions about the future from the death of his eldest son.<br /> <br /> Finally, Zhao's brother did not survive the disease because her parents' genes were too close, which would cause fetal malformation If parents gave birth to a boy. The doctor's diagnosis made Zhao understand her father's profound meaning. Although human scientific cognition were far away from the poor countryside in China, her father also could predict something from the death of his eldest son. <br /> <br /> 母亲的病越发严重了，她已经不能像正常人一样生活了。<br /> <br /> The illness of Zhao's mother was getting worse and she couldn't live like a normal person.<br /> <br /> The illness of Zhao's mother was getting worse and she couldn't live a normal life. <br /> <br /> 即使肩上的担子再重，老赵家毕竟还有一个女儿。我要拼命挣钱，我要告慰父亲的在天之灵，这个家垮不了，你的女儿和你一样，是个宁可累死，也不能饿死的人！<br /> <br /> Even if the burden on my shoulders is heavy,Zhao's family still has a daughter.I will do my best to make money to comfort my father's soul in the heaven.The family can't collapse because your daughter,like you,is the sort of person who would rather die of exhaustion than starve to death!&quot;<br /> <br /> “Even if the burden on me is too heavy, Zhao's family still has a daughter. I will do my best to make money to comfort my father's soul in the heaven. The family won’t collapse because your daughter, like you, is the sort of person who would rather die of exhaustion than starve to death!”<br /> <br /> ====Part 15i 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun ====<br /> 二<br /> The second chapter<br /> <br /> 2009年，赵丽杰靠着无比的自强之力，完成了在赤峰师专的学业。<br /> <br /> In 2009, Zhao Lijie finished her study at Chifeng Teachers College with her great self-strengthening.<br /> <br /> In 2009, Zhao Lijie completed her studies at Chifeng Teachers College through an unparalleled strength of self-reliance.<br /> <br /> 听说故乡的老中医可以用中药调理母亲的病，赵丽杰打点了行装，处理了家里仅存的田地，带着母亲回到了赤峰市林西县。<br /> <br /> After hearing that the old herbalist doctor in her hometown could treat her mother's illness with traditional Chinese medicine, Zhao packed her bags, handled the only remained fields at home, and took her mother back to Linxi County, Chifeng City. <br /> <br /> After hearing that a old doctor of traditional Chinese medicine in her hometown could cure her mother's illness with traditional Chinese medicine,Zhao Lijie packed her backpack, dealt with the only remaining fields in the family and took her mother back to Linxi County, Chifeng City.<br /> <br /> 老中医是母亲的四叔，她们娘俩便住在了林西县城四叔的家里。<br /> <br /> The old doctor was her mother's fourth uncle, so they lived in his house in Linxi. <br /> <br /> The old doctor of traditional Chinese medicine was her mother's fourth uncle, and both of them stayed at her fourth uncle's house in Linxi County.<br /> <br /> 母亲的病有了一点点好转，赵丽杰开始创业养家。<br /> <br /> When her mother got a little bit better, Zhao started a business to support the family. <br /> <br /> As her mother's condition improved a little, Zhao started a business to support her family.<br /> <br /> 在上学期间她发现了校园附近的学生餐难吃，又贵，同学们都渴望物美价廉的学生餐，做这一行应该是可以双赢的。<br /> <br /> During school she found the meals near the campus are unpalatable and expensive, while students are eager for food with good taste at a lower price. Considering that, Zhao thought it would be a win-win situation if she tried to provide appropriate products for students.<br /> <br /> During her time at school she discovered that food near campus was terrible and expensive, and that students were hungry for good quality student meals at low prices, so doing this business should be a win-win situation for everyone. <br /> <br /> 一毕业，她来不及考虑其它的入职考试，即刻租了门市，开了一家学生快餐店。<br /> <br /> Therefore, once upon graduation, not wasting time in other entry exams, she immediately rented a store and opened a student fast food restaurant because she was good at cooking.<br /> <br /> Once she graduated, she didn't have time to consider other entry exams and immediately rented a place and opened a student fast food restaurant.<br /> <br /> 做饭可是她的长项，她的学生餐色味香俱全，店里干净得一尘不染，价钱又适合学生，开业一个星期，她的小店开始爆红。<br /> <br /> Just after a week opening, Zhao’s small restaurant began to get viral due to its amazing food, clean environment, and suitable price.<br /> <br /> Within a week of opening, her fast food restaurant started to explode in popularity.Cooking was her strength, her student meals are full of colour, flavour and smell, the restaurant was very clean and the prices are suitable for students.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15j 黄安安 Huang Anan ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 就在这时候，那个命中注定的男人出现了，他叫董蒙，林西县新城子镇双兴村人，此时正在新疆武警部队服役。<br /> Just then, the destined man appeared. His name was Dong Meng, from Shuangxing Village, Xinchengzi Town, Linxi County, and he was serving in the Xinjiang Armed Police Force at that time.<br /> <br /> Just then, the destined man appeared. His name was Dong Meng, who were from Shuangxing Village, Xinchengzi Town, Linxi County, and he was serving in the Xinjiang Armed Police Force at that time.<br /> <br /> 他到四叔的诊所取药，让在一旁照顾母亲的赵丽杰眼前一亮。后来赵丽杰跟我说起这个情景时，用了一个小青年的口头禅——“好帅啊！”。别人说，这是咱们村谁谁家的儿子，比你大三岁，叫大哥，他们就这么相逢一笑， 算是认识了。<br /> He went to Uncle Four's clinic to take medicine, which brightened the eyes of Zhao Lijie, who was looking after her mother on the sidelines. Later Zhao Lijie told me about this scene with a young man's verbal phrase - &quot; He's so cute!&quot; .People said, &quot;This is the son of someone from our village who is three years older than you, you can called elder brother, and they just met each other with a smile.<br /> <br /> At that time, Zhao Lijie was looking after her mother in the clinic, Dong Meng would went there to get medicine, which left her an enlightening and refreshing impression. Later when Zhao Lijie told me about this, she used a young man’ s pet phrase——“He’ s so cute!”. People told her that, “This is the son of someone from our village. He is three years older than you, you can call him big brother.” In this way, they met each other with a smile.<br /> <br /> 当正值青春萌动的年龄，彼此的化学反应应该是有的，但是赵丽杰就此打住不敢深想，因为自己的肩头扛着一个还没有走出苦难的家。直到赵丽杰慢慢发现，这个年轻军人虽然话不多，但是很有礼貌，总是和颜悦色，看到诊所里病人，他便让出座位，让人家先就诊，是个善良厚道之人。<br /> At the age of youth, the chemistry between them should be there, but Zhao Lijie was too afraid to think about it, because he was carrying a family that had not yet come out of its misery with him.<br /> <br /> At the age of youth, they should have a crush on each other, but Zhao Lijie was too afraid to think about it, because she was holding responsibility for a family that was still struggled with tribulations.<br /> <br /> 后来，两个年轻人加了QQ，说是普通朋友，话可是越说越多。 。<br /> Later, the two young men have each others' QQ, and although they said they were only ordinary friends, They talked more and more.<br /> <br /> After that, the two friended each other on QQ (China’s version of Facebook). Although they said they were only ordinary friends, the communication between them was more and more frequently.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15k 李鸿 Li Hong ====<br /> <br /> 董蒙在第二年复员了，他经常去赵丽杰的小店帮忙。赵丽杰深深爱上了为人端正，头脑聪明，能吃苦的董蒙，她觉得自己的眼光没错，董蒙正是自己要寻找的那个人。<br /> Dong Meng was demobilized the following year, and he often went to Zhao Lijie’s shop to help her. Zhao Lijie was deeply attached to Dong Meng, who was decent, smart, and could withstand hardship. She thought she was right about the guy that he was the very man she’s been looking for.<br /> Dong Meng was demobilized the following year, and he often went to Zhao Lijie’s shop to help her. Zhao Lijie was deeply attached to Dong Meng, who was decent, smart, and could withstand hardship. She thought she was right about the guy that he was the very man she’s been looking for.<br /> <br /> 可是董蒙的父母还是带着一些古老的蒙昧，他们向儿子提出了质疑，这个姑娘家里穷不说，命还贼拉硬，自己身体那么结实，家人却死了三个人，就剩下一个病歪歪的老妈，咱不能要。<br /> However, Dong Meng’s parents still brought some ancient obscurity with them. They questioned their son, “The girl not only got a poor family, and her life was still tougher. Three people died in her family, only her ailing mother left, but she didn’t seem to be affected at all. We can’t let that kind of woman be part of our family.”<br /> However, Dong Meng’s parents still brought some ancient obscurity with them. They questioned their son, “The girl not only got a poor family, and her life was still tougher. Three people died in her family, only her ailing mother left, but she didn’t seem to be affected at all. We can’t let that kind of woman be part of our family.”<br /> 赵丽杰跟董蒙说，穷，我不怕，亲人暂时不支持，我也不怕，只要我们努力，一切都会改变，我只要你对我妈妈好。<br /> Zhao Lijie said to Dong Meng, “I am not afraid of poverty or family’s temporarily disagreement; I believed that as long as we work hard, everything will change at last. All I want is you be nice to my mother.”<br /> Zhao Lijie said to Dong Meng, “I am not afraid of poverty or family’s temporarily disagreement; I believed that as long as we work hard, everything will change at last. All I want is you be nice to my mother.”<br /> 董蒙说，那还用说嘛，那不也是我的亲人吗 。<br /> Dong Meng replied, “You bet I will! She’s also one of my families.”<br /> Dong Meng replied, “Sure! She’s also one of my families.”<br /> 董蒙常常坐在岳母身边，像哄孩子一样和她聊天，一有空就帮她料理生活，病中的母亲得到了一丝安慰。谁家的女儿不是母亲手中的珍宝，可丽杰这孩子，从小就只有疼爱别人的份儿，有谁呵护过她，照顾过她？眼见得自己的女儿有了知疼知热的女婿，不久又有了一个可爱的外孙子，母亲的脸上出现了舒心的笑容，渐渐地摆脱了病魔，后来一直把赵丽杰的儿子带大。<br /> Dong Meng often sat next to her mother-in-law and chatted with her as if he was coaxing his children. The moment he was free, he went to take care of her, which made the ill mother got a glimmer of comfort. Every daughter is the apple of her mother’s eye. But since Zhao Lijie was little, she was always being the one who look after others; no one had ever put a protective arm around her. Now that Zhao Lijie had a caring and considerate husband and a lovely son before long, the mother was relieved with smile. She gradually recovered from the disease, and later brought up Zhao Lijie’s son.<br /> Dong Meng often sat next to her mother-in-law and chatted with her as if he was coaxing his children. When he was free, he went to take care of her, which made the ill mother got a glimmer of comfort. Every daughter is the apple of her mother’s eye. But since Zhao Lijie was little, she was always being the one who look after others; no one had ever put a protective arm around her. Now that Zhao Lijie had a caring and considerate husband and a lovely son before long, the mother was relieved with smile. She gradually recovered from the disease, and later brought up Zhao Lijie’s son.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15l 谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou ====<br /> <br /> 董蒙在部队时获得了医疗专业的证书，赵丽杰也可以在城里找个安稳的工作。但是，赵丽杰往双兴村老家走了几趟，到山坡上，庄稼地里，林甸子转了个遍，萌生了回农村创业的想法。董蒙说，你上哪，我到哪。<br /> <br /> Dong Meng obtained a medical professional certificate when he was in the army, and Zhao Lijie could also find a secure job in the city. However, Zhao Lijie made several trips to his home in Shuangxing Village, went to the hillside, crop fields, and forested meadows, then developed the idea of returning to the countryside to start a business. Dong Meng said, &quot; I will follow you wherever you go.&quot;<br /> <br /> Dong Meng obtained a medical professional certificate when he was in the army, and Zhao Lijie could also find a secure job in the city. However, Zhao Lijie made several trips to her home in Shuangxing Village, and she went to the hillside, crop fields, and forested meadows, then developed the idea of returning to the countryside to start a business. Dong Meng said, &quot; I will go you wherever you go.&quot;<br /> <br /> 你见过河水倒流的吗？你见过杏树在冬天开花的吗？全村全乡全县，年轻人哪个不往高处走，你能给找出第二个像你们这样的傻狍子吗？公公这辈子在农村过苦日子是怕了，一看这两个人真的回到了农村，气得火冒三丈，每天指桑骂槐，他觉得自己的儿子亏大了，都叫儿媳妇带偏了。<br /> <br /> &quot;Have you ever seen a river flowing backwards? Have you ever seen an apricot tree blooming in winter? The whole village, the whole township, the whole county, every young people wants to strive for the better life in the city, can you find another idiot like you here?&quot; The father-in-law was afraid of living a hard life in the countryside, and when he saw his son and daughter-in-law had really returned to the countryside, he was such furious that scolded them every day, feeling that his son had lost a lot of money and had been led astray by his daughter-in-law.<br /> <br /> &quot;Have you ever seen a river flowing backwards? Have you ever seen an apricot tree blooming in winter? The whole village, the whole township, the whole county, every young people strives for the better life in the city, can you find another idiot like you two?&quot; The father-in-law was afraid of living a hard life in the countryside, and when he saw his son and daughter-in-law had really returned to the countryside, he was so furious that scolded them every day, feeling that his son had lost a lot of money and had been led astray by his daughter-in-law.<br /> <br /> 有道是不是一家人不进一家门，完美的爱情就是心心相印。赵丽杰说，双兴村为啥能有这么多撂荒的土地？董蒙告诉她，一来雨水少，杂粮产量太低，种地没赚头，二来种地靠锄头铁锨，脸朝黄土背朝天，现在的人不愿意付这个辛苦，能干活儿的人都到城里打工去了，这土地就变成了有主儿没人种的撂荒地了。<br /> <br /> There is a saying goes that, birds of the same kind live together and the perfect love means the heart to heart. Zhao Lijie said, why there are so much idle land in the Shuangxing Village? Dong Meng told her, because of less rainfall, grain yield is too low, there is no profit in farming.Further more, farming depends on the hoe and shovel, people have to work hard in the field, now they are not willing to bear the hard work, people perfer to find a job in the city. In consequence, these land became unused anymore.<br /> <br /> There is a saying goes that, birds of the same kind live together and the perfect love means the heart to heart. Zhao Lijie asked, why there are so much idle land in the Shuangxing Village? Dong Meng told her, grain yield is too low because of the lack of rain, so there is no profit in farming. Furthermore, farming depends on the hoe and shovel, people have to work hard in the field, now they are not willing to bear the hard work, people prefer to find a job in the city. In consequence, these land became abandoned.<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰说再荒芜两三年，这里就彻底成了草甸子了。<br /> <br /> Zhao Lijie said that after another two or three years of desolation, this place would become a complete meadow.<br /> <br /> Zhao Lijie said that after another two or three years of desolation, this place would become a complete idle meadow.<br /> <br /> 董蒙说，我知道，你是想把小二沟的机械化复制到双兴村的撂荒地上。<br /> <br /> Dong Meng said, &quot;I know that you want to replicate the mechanization of the Xiaoer ditch to the village of Shuangxing on the idle land. &quot;<br /> <br /> Dong Meng said, &quot;I know that you want to replicate the mechanization of the Xiaoer Ditch to the Shuangxing Village on the idle land. &quot;<br /> <br /> ====Part 15m 李佳珺 Li Jiajun ====<br /> <br /> 夫妻俩开始研究林西的气候——每年降雨量不足300毫米，无霜期只有110天左右。林西为什么有种杂粮的传统，是和雨水少有关，短时间强烈日照，四十天不下雨，荞麦、莜麦、黄米 、芸豆、黑豆、绿豆都可以在这种情况下生长。这些作物都不会长的很高，但是种籽饱满，营养丰富。<br /> <br /> The couple started to research Linxi’s climate — the annual rainfall is less than 300 millimeters, and the frost-free period is only about 110 days. The reason why Linxi has a tradition of planting coarse cereals is the lack of rain. The sunshine is intense in short time, and there is no rain in 40 days, buckwheat, naked oats, yellow rice, kinder bean, black bean, and mung bean can be grown in this situation. None of these crops will grow tall, but all of them have plump seeds and are full of nutritions.<br /> <br /> 那两年，他们是真困难，丽杰怀孕时，就想吃个鸡腿，几次话到嘴边，又咽回去，她知道，她如果说了，丈夫即使捉襟见肘，也会去给她买回来。所以她不能说，她舍不得花钱。但是，她把全部的嫁妆钱都一次性全花光了，开回来一台小型拖拉机。<br /> <br /> They really struggled in that two years. When Lijie was pregnant, all she wanted was to eat a drumstick. There were several times that she was about to say that out but stopped. She knew that her husband would buy her one even if they were so broken. She couldn’t ask for it because she was reluctant to spend money. But she spent all her dowry money at once and came back with a small tractor.<br /> <br /> 败家子，好好的日子非让你们折腾毁了不可。在山沟沟里窝了几辈子的老人，胆子小，脾气爆，除了亲眼见汗珠子啪嗒啪嗒掉在泥土里，其它一律不相信。赵丽杰多少次气得眼泪在眼眶里打转，董蒙就把手伸过来了，每一次，赵丽杰都是在丈夫温情的怀抱里，忍住了眼泪。<br /> <br /> Black sheep, you’re gonna ruin your good days. Living in the mountains for their whole life, the old had little courage and explosive temper, they refused to believe nothing but seeing the sweat dripping down to the dirt themselves. So many times Zhao Lijie was so irritated that the tears rolled in her eyes, Dong Meng would come and give his hand to her. Every time Zhao Lijie held back her tears in her husbands’ warm hug.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15n 李可依 Li Keyi ====<br /> <br /> 双兴村那时的贫困景象，在当下中国的农村里是看不到了。夏天的土地，是半黄半绿的，没有作物，只有荒草，通向县城的是一条砂石自然路，手机没有信号，出门靠骑自行车，家家户户住着陈旧破烂的房子，从东边走到西边，连牛羊的叫声都很难听到，年轻人都潇洒地冲向了城市，只有老人和病人，在各家的昏暗的土房里发出沉重的叹息，进了村像是走进了尘封的历史记忆。<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰挨家挨户上门询问：“大爷大娘，你家的地今年种不种？”<br /> <br /> “不种正好，不赔不赚，种了，秋后还不够雇工的钱呢。”<br /> <br /> “那大爷大娘，我种一年好不好。”<br /> <br /> “那感情好，要不然就成了放羊的甸子了。”<br /> <br /> “那大爷大娘，到秋我要收了，每亩地按照收成，给你们交租金。”<br /> <br /> “不用，不用，就算替俺们翻地铲地了。”<br /> <br /> ====Part 15o 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao ====<br /> <br /> 三百亩地，很快就流转过来了。可能是因为荒僻的小山村里，终于有了一点风吹草动，有了一丝活气儿，村民便有了十二分的兴奋，早早地站在地头等着，就像等着看一场戏。早上三点，天刚蒙蒙亮，赵丽杰戴着头灯，开始在田间作业，饿了吃点凉馒头，累了，靠在座驾上打个盹儿。村里人看看就散了，他们不相信这细皮嫩肉的小媳妇能成事儿，<br /> <br /> Three hundred acres of land was transferred quickly. It may be that in the remote small village, there has finally something happened, and with a bit of vitality, the villagers were very excited. They stood on the ground and wait early, as if waiting to see a play. At three o'clock in the morning, just before dawn, Zhao Lijie wore a headlight and began to work in the field. When she was hungry, she ate some cold steamed buns. When she was tired, she leaned against the car to take a nap. The villagers scattered when they had seen it. They didn't believe that the tender little girl could succeed.<br /> <br /> Three hundred mu of land was transferred quickly. It might be that in the remote small village, something finally happened, and there finally was a bit of vitality, thus the villagers were very excited. They stood early on the ground as if waiting to see a play. At three o'clock in the morning, just at dawn, Zhao Lijie wore a headlight and began to work in the field. When she got hungry, she ate some cold steamed buns. When she got tired, she leaned against the car to take a nap. The villagers scattered before long. They didn't believe that the tender young woman could succeed. <br /> <br /> 雨搅雪，烈日干风，风雨交加，大兴安岭脚下的春季几天就变一场戏法，似乎故意折磨这个不服输的小媳妇。赵丽杰咬紧牙关拼命干，人长在了机器上，自己也成了钢铁，赵丽杰头顶上的遮阳帽，变成了灰白色，轻轻拿手一捅就会出现个口子，到底把种籽如期播下，到底看见了秧苗一天天破土发芽，拔节吐穗。站在丈夫的身边，三百亩绿油油的好庄稼在风中如波涛起伏，赵丽杰忘记了所经历的一切，甜甜的蜜，在心里荡漾。<br /> <br /> The rain stirred the snow, the hot sun dried the wind, and the wind and rain are mixed. In the spring at the foot of the Great Khingan Mountains, a trick is performed, which seemed to deliberately torture the girl who refused to admit defeat. Zhao Lijie clenched his teeth and worked hard. She seemed to have grown on the machine and became a steel. The sun visor on Zhao Lijie's head turned gray white. With a gentle poke, a hole would appear. After all, she sowed the seeds as scheduled, and saw the seedlings sprout day by day, pulling out knots and sprouting. Standing beside her husband, three hundred acres of good green crops fluctuated like waves in the wind. Zhao Lijie forgot everything she had experienced. Sweet honey rippled in her heart.<br /> <br /> Rain poured with snow, then it was hot sun combined with dry wind, and then it rained and blew hard. In the spring at the foot of the Greater Khingan Mountains, a trick was played every few days, which seemed to deliberately torture the young woman who refused to be defeated. Zhao Lijie clenched her teeth and worked hard. She seemed to have grown on the machine and became steel herself. The sun hat on Zhao Lijie's head turned pale. With a gentle poke, a hole would appear on it. Anyway, she sowed the seeds as scheduled, and saw the seedlings sprout day by day, growing quickly and blooming. Standing beside her husband, watching three hundred mu of healthy green crops undulating like waves in the wind, Zhao Lijie forgot everything she had suffered, only sweet honey waving in her heart.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15p 李心田 Li Xintian ====<br /> <br /> 按照夫妻俩的计划，如果丰收，明年要置办一些大型的农机设备，流转更多的土地，扩大生产规模。实施这个计划的前提就是手里有钱，有了钱，事业就有了基础。<br /> <br /> According to the couple's plan, if there was a good harvest, next year they would buy some large agricultural equipment, transfer more land, and expand the scale of production. The prerequisite for the implementation of this plan was to have money, cause only with money, the business could have a foundation. <br /> <br /> 于是赵丽杰在种地的闲暇中，买了一百个怀孕的母羊，繁殖了一百个羊羔，接着继续繁殖，到了年底，她已经有了将近四百只的羊群。<br /> <br /> So when she was not farming, Zhao Lijie bought a hundred pregnant ewes, bred a hundred lambs, and then continued to breed. Thus by the end of the year, she already had nearly four hundred sheep. <br /> <br /> 这时，董蒙是分不出身来帮助她了，他从村委会会计做起，接着当了村党支部副书记，现在是村里的党支部书记兼村主任。<br /> <br /> At this point, Dong Meng was unable to spare himself to help her, because he workded as an accountant in the village committee, then became the deputy secretary of the village party branch, and now was the party branch secretary and village director of the village.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15q 李彦 Li Yan ====<br /> <br /> 作为一个生于草原的写作者，我熟悉放牧生活，曾多次见过牧羊人出牧，转场，接羔。可实在想象不出来，长发飘飘的赵丽杰赶着羊群在山地里穿行的景象。她只平平淡淡说了句——这头发，放羊的时候我也没舍得剪短，我这厢眼泪就涌出了来，我心疼一个女人本该坐在柔软的沙发里，端一杯咖啡，捧一本诗集，或者推着婴儿车在阳光里哼摇篮曲的年龄，我更心疼她那份于孤独畏葸中的孜孜矻矻。这样一个二十多岁的小媳妇，孤零零地赶着近四百只羊的羊群寻觅水草，那绝不是什么浪漫的事儿——脚下是深深浅浅的草窠，身后是黑黑的树林，山根、林间到处都是坟墓，一个小松鼠从脚边跳起来都能把人吓个半死，况且，赵丽杰放牧必须贪黑起早，早两三点出去，八点多回来，下午三四点钟再出去。羊怕热，人却什么也不能怕，她把羊赶进圈，忙着吃口饭，就要去地里干活儿，干完活再接着放羊。困极了，看着羊群老实吃草，就往有草的地方一铺雨衣，抓紧打个盹，一觉醒来，发现自己的身上爬满了红蚂蚁。有一天风大，一个装着五根玉米的桶被风刮得老高，又落到她的身上……<br /> <br /> ====Part 15r 李梓玉 Li Ziyu ====<br /> <br /> 秋收天到了，赵丽杰家的场院装满了大丰收的粮食，听到传说的乡亲们悄悄走进门来，挨排数粮食袋子，数完了，奔走相告——是真的，十万斤还要多出几千斤！反对的声音不见了，乡亲们来找赵丽杰说，明年还想把土地流转给你种。 <br /> <br /> 经过两年的努力，赵丽杰积累了一些因地制宜的管理经验，她接着流转了将近六百亩土地，购置了两台大马力拖拉机，一台大型收割机和九台小型农机，通过对土地的集中和规模化经营，延伸了养殖、种植产业链，实行了连片耕种，因而农作物的产量大幅度提高，2014年正式注册了自己的家庭农场。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15s 余海铭 Yu Haiming====<br /> <br /> 正当赵丽杰的创业蓝图，在自己的故乡的土地上徐徐铺开的时候，全国上下脱贫攻坚战的号角已经吹响，精准扶贫不断深入，这可真是好雨知时节，当春乃发生！精准扶贫需要优秀项目，产业项目需要有更多的村民参与。2017年赵丽杰顺应时代大趋势，牵头成立了荣盛达种植农民专业合作社，继续扩大杂粮产业化规模，购买各种大马力农机具达到三十八台，为了让百姓获得实实在在的收益，合作社采取分三种模式进行土地流转，对被弃耕的土地， 以高于市场价格租用，使土地得到有效利用，让村民得到租金费；对有一些劳动能力的老人，对他们的土地采取委托式经营，合作社为他们耕种，防虫，除害，收割，并减免百分之二十的费用，他们只负责田间管理和晾晒原粮，合作社最后还以每斤高于市场的价格回收原粮；针对有劳动能力无资金的村民，吸收他们以土地入股的形式加入合作社，并在合作社务工，使其得到入股分红和劳务工资的双重收入。现下，合作社流转托管土地达二万三千亩，每年增产七十余万斤，直接效益上百万，辐射带动周边三千五百余户百姓脱贫致富，人均收入增收三千余元，为当地村民确保“两不愁，三保障”贡献了力量。<br /> Just as Zhao Lijie's blueprint for starting a business was being slowly rolled out on the land of his hometown, the Horn of the national poverty alleviation war had been sounded, and the precision of poverty alleviation had been continuously deepened. Good rain knows its time right, it will fall when comes spring. Targeted poverty reduction needs excellent projects, and industrial projects need more villagers to participate. In 2017, following the trend of the times, Zhao Lijie led the establishment of Rongshengda Farmer's Professional Cooperative, continued to expand the scale of grain industrialization, and purchased 38 high-power agricultural machines and tools. In order to enable the people to obtain real benefits, the cooperative adopted three modes of land transfer. For abandoned land, the cooperative rented it at a price higher than the market price, so that the land can be effectively used and the villagers can get rent; For the elderly who have the ability to work, their land will be managed by entrustment. The cooperatives will farm, prevent insects, kill pests and harvest for them, and reduce the cost by 20%. They are only responsible for field management and drying the raw grain. The cooperatives will finally recover the raw grain at a price higher than the market price;For the villagers who have the ability to work but do not have funds, they should be recruited to join the cooperatives in the form of land shares and work in the cooperatives, so that they can get the dual income of share dividends and labor wages. At present, the cooperative has transferred 230 hector of entrusted land, increasing the output by more than 700000 catty every year, with a direct benefit of over one million. It has driven more than 3500 households around to shake off poverty and become rich, with an increase in per capita income of more than 3000 yuan, contributing to the local villagers' &quot;two worries, three guarantees&quot;.<br /> <br /> Just as Zhao Lijie's blueprint for starting a business was being slowly rolled out on the land of his hometown, the Horn of the war against poverty alleviation sounded, and the targeted poverty alleviation had been continuously deepened. It is what we called good rain knowing its time right, it will fall when comes spring. Targeted poverty reduction needs excellent projects, and industrial projects need more villagers to participate. In 2017, following the trend of the times, Zhao Lijie led the establishment of Rongshengda Farmer's Professional Cooperative, continued to expand the scale of grain industrialization, and purchased 38 high-power agricultural machines and tools. To enable the people to obtain real benefits, the cooperative adopted three modes of land transfer. For abandoned land, the cooperative rented it at a price higher than the market price, so that the land can be effectively used and the villagers can get rent; For the elderly who still can work, their land will be managed by entrustment. The cooperatives will farm, prevent insects, kill pests and harvest for them, and reduce the cost by 20%. They are only responsible for field management and drying the raw grain. The cooperatives will finally recover the raw grain at a price higher than the market price; As for the villagers who can work but do not have funds, they should be recruited to join the cooperatives in the form of land shares and work in the cooperatives, so that they can get the dual income of share dividends and labor wages. At present, the cooperative has transferred 230 hectors of entrusted land, increasing the output by more than 700000 catty every year, with a direct benefit of over one million. It has driven more than 3500 households around to shake off poverty and become rich, with an increase in per capita income of more than 3000 yuan, contributing to the local villagers' &quot;two worries, three guarantees&quot;.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15t 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 赵丽杰曾经长时间研究过自己种的荞麦。<br /> Zhao Lijie studied his buckwheat for a long time. <br /> 荞麦是当下农村很少可以自己留种籽的作物之一，在北纬四十三度的低温和强烈日照中，荞麦顽强而简单地生长，由于无霜期太短，她进化成了一种特殊的样子，细细的茎秆，繁花一般的籽粒，宁肯全身干枯，把所有的能量都集中在种籽上，为的是留下绵延不尽的种群。<br /> Buckwheat is one of the rarely-see corps in rural areas that can leave its seeds by itself. Within the low temperature and strong sunshine at 43 degrees north latitude, buckwheat doggedly and simply grew. Because the frost-free period is too short, she evolved into thin stems and much of grains that would dry the energy of its main body for the maintenance of its generations. <br /> 看到地里的荞麦，赵丽杰总是想起一些人来，这些人当年把一百、二百元、六百元轻轻地放在她和母亲坐卧的纸壳上，悄然地离开，就像在土地里撒下一颗美好的种籽，让赵丽杰永生不忘，她已经不知道多少次默念过当初的誓言——这辈子，除非不翻身，只要有能力了，一定要帮助穷人，帮助弱者。现在，这些种籽已经成熟，赵丽杰要把这种籽播撒到力所能及的每一寸土地里。<br /> Seeing the buckwheat, she always thinks of some people who had put one hundred, two hundred yuan, six hundred yuan on the paper couch she and her mother sit, then quietly left, just like a seed hopefully falling into the land. She couldn’t count how many times she silently repeat promises she made back then - My whole life will be in the carrel of helping the poor and the vulnerable unless I never got what it takes to do so. Now, the seeds she planted have become mature, and she is going to spread them all to every needed land.<br /> <br /> Zhao Lijie has studied her buckwheat for a long time. Buckwheat is one of the rarely-seen corps in rural areas that can leave its seeds. Within the low temperature and strong sunshine at 43 degrees north latitude, it doggedly and simply grows. Because the frost-free period is too short, she evolves into a special shape, with thin stems and flower-like seeds. She would rather have her whole body dry and save all the energy for the seeds so as to keep her generations alive. Seeing the buckwheat, she always recalls some people who had put one hundred, two hundred and six hundred yuan on the cardboard she and her mother sit before they quietly left. They were just like a seed hopefully falling into the land that she will never forget. She couldn’t count how many times she silently repeated promises she made back then—My whole life will be devoted to helping the poor and the vulnerable unless I never get what it takes to do so. Now, the seeds Zhao planted have become mature, so she will try her best to sow them all on every plots of land.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15u 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====<br /> <br /> <br /> 苏万军一家，本是双兴村的殷实户。苏万军原本身强力壮，常年在外打工，有固定不菲的收入，谁知在2011年春节期间，因为放鞭炮出了意外，一只眼睛被炸空，经多方抢救，保住了性命，却再也不能出去打工了。由于治疗中拉下饥荒，只靠妻子一人干杂活挣钱，日子过得雪上加霜，一天不如一天。苏万军的情绪因此非常糟糕，常常喝闷酒，发脾气。<br /> Su Wanjun’s family was rich in Shuangxing village. He was brawny and has worked outside his village for a long time, with stable and great salary. However, during the Spring Festival in 2011, one of his eyes was blown off due to the crackling firecrackers. With the help of people in different sectors, he didn’t pass away, but he was unable to work any more. He was hit by famine in treatment and his wife juggled many unimportant jobs to make money, adding to a further complication. Thus Su felt terrible, often drinking alone and flying off the handle.<br /> <br /> Su Wanjun’s family used to be affluent in Shuangxing village. Su had been brawny and worked outside his village most of his time, earning a stable and considerable income. However, during the Spring Festival in 2011, one of his eyes was blown off due to crackling firecrackers. With the help of people in different sectors, he survived, but was unable to work any more. As he was hit by famine in treatment, his wife juggled many gigs to make money alone, which made their life worse and worse. Thus Su’s mood was sour, leading to his frequent drinking alone and flying off the handle. <br /> <br /> <br /> 赵丽杰出现在他们家，还没有讲话，苏万军就开怼了，我知道你干啥来了，你家过的好，到我这臭显，走走走，我不给你打工。<br /> When Zhao Lijie was at his home without saying a word, Su started getting mad, “I know why you are here. You enjoy a better life, so you want to show off. Just go away, and I will never work for you.”<br /> <br /> Upon Zhao Lijie’s arrival at his home without saying a word, Su started getting mad, “I know why you are here. You enjoy a better life, so you want to show off. Fuck off, I’ll never work for you.” <br /> <br /> <br /> 赵丽杰理解他的心态，多少年村里人就是如此，宁可在外面弯到折腰，也不肯在乡人跟前垂一下眼皮。<br /> Zhao understood his thoughts. Villagers have been acting like that for decades. They would rather toil away out of the village than show weakness in front of their folks. <br /> <br /> Zhao understood why he did so. Villagers here have been acting like that for decades. They would rather toil away outside than show the slightest weakness in the presence of their folks. <br /> <br /> 一次不行，赵丽杰又去了第二次，这一次她这样说:“二大爷，我来求你们帮忙来了，我们家没有你们帮忙，可就要关板了。你就给我灶膛里添添柴火，干点杂活，一天一百元，算是给我救急”看苏万军没有动气，她慢慢地讲起了自家的故事——谁愿意摊上事儿呢，想当年我爸活着，我们家也是村里过的好的，后来变成了最穷的，那比你家可难过多了，现在这不也是挺过来了……<br /> Having failed to persuade Su, Zhao went to his home for the second time. This time, she said, “My dear uncle, I’m here to seek for help. Without your help, we’ll go bankrupt. You can feed the fire with wood and do chores with 100 yuan per day. They are for an emergency.” Finding that Su saying nothing, she told a story of her family—Who wants to suffer? When my father was alive many years ago, we lived a good life in this village. After that, we became the poorest family, which was poorer than your family. But look at us, we just tide it over...<br /> <br /> Having failed to persuade Su, Zhao went to his home for a second time. This time, she said, “My dear uncle, I’m here to seek for help. Without your help, we’ll go bankrupt. What you need to do is nothing but stoke my cooking oven and do some chores. I pay you 100 yuan per day. Just do me a favour.” Finding that Su saying nothing, she began to tell a story of her family—who wants to suffer? When my father was alive many years ago, we lived a good life in this village. After that, we became the poorest family, leading a much harder life compared with your family. But looked at us, we’ve just got it over...<br /> <br /> ====Part 15v 刘丛领 Liu Congling ====<br /> <br /> 苏万军终于想明白了，于是夫妻俩到合作社干活儿， 一个月挣六千元，一年就还清了外债，天天乐呵呵的。他们家现在已经脱贫，还给儿子在林西镇首付了楼房。 <br /> <br /> Su Wanjun finally thought better of it, so he and his wife initiated their work in the cooperative, earning 6,000 yuan a month. They were happy and gay every day. Their family has now been out of poverty, and even paid their son house’s down payment in Linxi Town.<br /> <br /> Su Wanjun finally thought better of it, so he and his wife initiated their work in the cooperative, earning 6,000 yuan a month. Their life was full of joy then. Their family had now been out of poverty, and even paid their son house’s down payment in Linxi Town.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 张汉文家的情况更是令人愁眉不展， 妻子是多年的精神病患者，久治不愈，受到一点刺激立刻会做出激烈反应，跳过三次井，动辄不遮不掩地跑到街上，全家人被她弄得疲惫不堪 ，导致张汉文脑出血后遗症。正是屋漏偏逢连阴雨，一个儿子在下井背煤时被塌方夺走性命，另一个儿子得上了脑炎，一直没能结婚生子，他们家是全村最贫困的建档立卡户。赵丽杰回村以后，无意中知道了他们家的情况，从此他们一家人的衣服鞋帽全由赵丽杰来买，每当赵丽杰看到他家四十多岁的儿子，给疯妈妈做饭，换衣服，洗尿湿的裤子，就会想起自己家过去的生活，心里总是有一种撕肝裂肺的痛。现在有了合作社，赵丽杰就反复琢磨，怎么才能帮他们彻底改变生活的悲囧，让它们和全村人一起过上好日子呢？后来，合作社每年为他们提供种子，提供免费耕地、播种，防虫害，收割，最后用高于市场价回收他们家的原粮。还给他们提供资金，买了五只羊，在家里饲养，2017年到现在，他们家已经发展到了六十多只，去年卖小羊羔，就收入了五万块，终于实现了脱贫。<br /> <br /> The situation of Zhang Hanwen's family was even more worrying. Zhang’s wife had suffered from chronic mental illness for many years, and even the slightest stimulus would immediately trigger a violent reaction ---she had committed suicide by jumping into a well three times and at times ran to the street on her birthday suit. The whole family was tortured by her, causing Zhang’ cerebral hemorrhage sequelae. But misfortune came at hard times. One of their sons was killed in a landslide accident while going down the mine to carry coal; another son had not been married, let alone bore children, for he contracted encephalitis. So their family was the village's poorest registered household. Zhao Lijie knew their situation by accident after she returned to the village. Since then their whole family’s clothes were in Zhao’s charge. Whenever Zhao saw the forty-year-old son cooking for his insane mother, dressing her and washing her wet pants, she recalled the past of her family life and always felt an inconsolable pain from the bottom of her heart. Now with the cooperative, Zhao Lijie pondered over and over again that how she could help them completely out of their wretched life and let them live a good life together with the whole village. Later, the cooperative provided them with seeds every year, offered free arable land, sowing, pest control, harvesting, and repurchased their raw grain at a price higher than market one in the end.Besides, it also offered them fund, by which they bought five sheep and raised them at home. From 2017 to now, there has been more than sixty sheep. Last year, merely the money earned by selling lambs hit 500,000 yuan, marking their ultimate success in getting out of poverty.<br /> <br /> The situation of Zhang Hanwen's family was even more worrying. Zhang’s wife had suffered from chronic mental illness for many years, and even the slightest stimulus would immediately trigger a violent reaction ---she had committed suicide by jumping into a well three times and at times ran to the street on her birthday suit. The whole family was tortured by her, causing Zhang’ cerebral hemorrhage sequelae. But misfortune came at hard times. One of their son was killed in a landslide accident while going down the mine to carry coal; another son had not been married, let alone bore children, for he contracted encephalitis. So their family was the village's poorest registered household. Zhao Lijie knew their situation by accident after she returned to the village. Since then their whole family’s clothes were Zhao’s business. Whenever Zhao saw the forty-year-old son cooking for his insane mother, dressing her and washing her wet pants, she recalled the past of her family life and always felt an inconsolable pain from the bottom of her heart. Now with the cooperative, Zhao Lijie pondered over and over again that how she could help them completely out of their wretched life and let them live a better life together with the whole village. Later, the cooperative provided them with seeds every year, offered free arable land, sowing, pest control, harvesting, and repurchased their raw grain at a better price than market one in the end.Besides, it also offered them fund, by which they bought five sheep and raised them at home. From 2017 to now, there had been more than sixty sheep. Last year, merely the money earned by selling lambs hit 500,000 yuan, marking their ultimate success in getting out of poverty.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15w 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei====<br /> <br /> 贫困户崔玉大爷，因病花光家里积蓄，目前病情稳定能干点轻松的工作了，可是没有启动资金，他天天愁，赵丽杰找到他，帮他申请贷款，买了二十只羊，告诉他，家里的地托管給合作社以后，为他种草种料，只要用心经营，两年后一定脱贫，现在崔大爷家已经五十多只羊，还清了贷款，日子越过越有劲。<br /> Cui Yu, a low income family member, spent all his savings because of illness. He was then in a stable condition and can do some easy work, but he had no start-up capital. He worried every day. Zhao Lijie found him and helped him apply for a loan and bought 20 sheep for him. He told him that after his land was entrusted to the cooperative, he would plant grass and seeds for him. As long as he worked hard, he would get rid of poverty in two years. Then Uncle Cui's family had more than 50 sheep and paid off the loan, days were getting better and better.<br /> <br /> 贫困户高福生一家，因为儿子婚事，导致生活困难，赵丽杰说，我借给你钱，你发展家庭养殖，他们老两口犹豫不决，赵丽杰说，如果失败，我不要你们还钱，我现在就给你们写保证书…… 现在高福生的家庭养殖发展起来了，不仅还清了债务，手里都存着好几万了……<br /> Gao Fusheng, a poverty-stricken family, had a struggle life because of his son's marriage. Zhao Lijie said, &quot;I can lend you some money and you can develop farming. &quot;The old couple hesitated about that.Zhao Lijie said, &quot;If you fail, I don't need you to pay back the money. I will write a guarantee for you now... &quot;Now Gao Fusheng's family farming industry has developed very well. Not only had he paid off his debts, but he had tens of thousands in his hands... <br /> <br /> 贫困户王银，也和高福生一样，有病在身，又畏葸不前，赵丽杰也是主动借钱给他一万元，承诺赔了不要他还，又帮他申请了五万贷款，让他买了五头牛，又托管了他家的地，现王银家已经是有三十多头牛的富户了。<br /> Wang Yin, a poverty-stricken family, was also like Gao Fusheng, he was ill and afraided to move forward. Zhao Lijie also offered to lend him 10000 yuan, made the same promise to him, and applied for a loan of 50000 yuan for him. He asked him to buy five cows and trusted his family's land. Wang Yinjia became a rich family with more than 30 cows then. <br /> <br /> 现在，双兴村有十户养羊专业户，五户养牛专业户，小康人家越来越多，赵丽杰用实打实地帮助他们，赢得了乡亲们的信任。<br /> After that, Shuangxing Village had ten sheep raising families and five cattle raising families. More and more well-off people lived in Shuangxing Village. Zhao Lijie helpd them practically and won the trust of villagers. <br /> <br /> 2017年，赵丽杰在党旗下，庄严地举起左手宣誓，成为一名光荣的共产党员。<br /> In 2017, Zhao Lijie solemnly raised her left hand to swear under the Party flag and became a glorious Communist Party member.<br /> <br /> Liu Jiayu：Uncle Cui Yu, a low income family member, spent all his savings because of illness. He was then in a stable condition and could do some easy work, but he had no start-up capital. He worried every day. Zhao Lijie went to meet him, helped him apply for a loan and bought 20 sheep for him. Zhao told Cui that his land was entrusted to the cooperative, people from which planted grass and seeds for him. As long as he worked hard, he would get rid of poverty two years later. Then Uncle Cui had more than 50 sheep and paid off the loan.Days were getting better and better..<br /> Gao Fusheng, a poverty-stricken family, had a struggle life because of his son's marriage. Zhao Lijie said, &quot;I can lend you some money and you can develop family farming.&quot; The old couple hesitated about that. Zhao Lijie said, &quot;If you fail, I don't need you to pay back the money. I will write a guarantee for you now... &quot;Now Gao Fusheng's family farming industry has developed very well. Not only is he out of debt, he's got tens of thousands of dollars in his pocket.<br /> Wang Yin, a poverty-stricken family, was in the same position as Gao Fusheng. He was ill and afraid to move forward. Zhao Lijie also offered to lend him 10,000 yuan, made the same promise to him, and applied for a loan of 50000 yuan for him. She asked him to buy five cows and trusted his family's land. Wang Yinjia became a rich family with more than 30 cows then.<br /> After that, in Shuangxing Village, there were 10 sheep-raising families and 5 cattle-raising families. The number of well-off families kept growing. Zhao Lijie helpd them practically and won the trust of villagers.<br /> In 2017, Zhao Lijie solemnly raised her left hand to swear under the Party flag and became an honorable Communist.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15x 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu ====<br /> <br /> 对于一个共产党员来说，人民群众的利益高于一切，必须全心全意为人民服务。赵丽杰想，过去艰苦创业，是为了实现父亲的叮嘱，用自己的力量撑起这个家，现在，自己的面前已经不是一个小小的家了，自己的肩头有了更重的担子。她理解脱贫攻坚这个伟大工程，两不愁三保障是基础，也是一个必经的阶段，最终必须让我们的乡村搭乘时代的列车，和人类文明的进程同步，那样才不会落后受穷。<br /> 2016年，赵丽杰到赤峰市参加了市妇联办的电商致富学习班。那时候大多数的农村妇女不会使用网络，对于电商，听起来感觉有点云山雾罩。大家觉得反正也整不明白，好不容易来了趟赤峰，都去做走亲会友、买东西、上医院之类的事情去了。坚持听课的人太少了，有一次，课堂里只剩了赵丽杰一个人，她哪里都没有去，是唯一坚持听完所有课程的学员。结业时，老师给她留下一个作业——回去用电商的方法带动一个贫困户，她把作业当成一件重要任务装在脑袋里，回到了村里。<br /> <br /> As a Communist, she must put the interests of the people above everything else and serve the people heart and soul. Zhao Lijie thought that in the past, she pioneered with arduous efforts to meet her father’s expectations, so that she could support their family on her own. However, what she was facing then was not just a small family, but a heavier burden on her shoulders. She understood that in the great project of poverty alleviation, &quot;two assurances and three guarantees&quot; was the foundation, and also an inevitable stage. Ultimately, it was essential to let the country take the train of the times and keep pace with the progress of human civilization, so that people would not fall behind and suffer from poverty. In 2016, Zhao Lijie went to Chifeng city. She joined the e-commerce enrichment class of Municipal Women's Federation office there. At that time, most rural women didn’t know how to use the Internet, so they were confused about the e-commerce. Everyone thought that they could not understand it anyway, but since finally they were in Chifeng, all of them went to visit relatives, meet friends, shopping, see the doctor or do other things. Few people insisted on attending the class. Once, Zhao Lijie was the only one who went to class. Without going anywhere, she was the only student who insisted on finishing all the classes. At the end of the course, the teacher gave her an assignment -- went back to help a poverty-stricken household alleviate poverty through e-commerce. She kept the homework as an important task in her mind, back to the village.<br /> <br /> As a Communist, she must put the interests of the people above everything else and serve the people heart and soul. Zhao Lijie thought that in the past, she pioneered with arduous efforts to meet her father’s expectations, which was supporting their family on her own. However, what she was facing then was not just a small family, but a heavier burden on her shoulders. She understood that in the great project of poverty alleviation, &quot;two assurances and three guarantees&quot; was the foundation, and also an inevitable stage. Ultimately, it was essential to let the country take the train of the times and keep pace with the progress of human civilization, so that people would not fall behind and suffer from poverty. In 2016, Zhao went to Chifeng city to join the e-commerce enrichment class of Municipal Women's Federation office. At that time, most rural women didn’t know how to use the Internet, so they were confused about the e-commerce. Everyone thought that they could not understand it anyway. But since finally they were in Chifeng, all of them went to visit relatives, meet friends, shopping, see the doctor or do other things. Few people insisted on attending the class. Once, Zhao was the only one who went to class. Without going anywhere, she was the only student who insisted on finishing all the classes. At the end of the course, the teacher left her an assignment -- went back to help a poverty-stricken household alleviate poverty through e-commerce. She kept the homework as an important task in her mind, and then back to the village.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15y 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting ====<br /> 习近平总书记说，绿水青山就是金山银山。双兴的金山银山在哪里？原生态的土地上出产的原生态杂粮，不正是现代人餐桌上求之不得的食物吗？可是具体项目落实到哪里呢？从赤峰回来后，赵丽杰整天冥思苦想，儿子说，妈妈呀，叫你好几声，你都不答应，魔症了？<br /> 要过年了，按照当地习俗，家家蒸过年干粮，主打就是黄米面粘豆包。林西这一带的粘豆包，面是当地产的大黄米用石磨磨的，馅是当地产的大芸豆，调料是当地甜菜疙瘩熬出的绵白糖，这些食材作物 ，用的是当地一年接一年留下的种籽，从里到外都是原生态。年豆包出锅了，咬一口，香甜软糯，淳味绵绵。赵丽杰多年来帮助困难村民，在村里人缘好，乡亲们蒸了粘豆包，这家送一筐，那家送一篓，春节没到，赵丽杰家的仓房里就装了半下子粘豆包。<br /> 赵丽杰的灵感来了。她把每家的豆包尝了个遍，发了一个朋友圈，晒了一下林西双兴村的粘豆包，然后开车去找崔广芝大妈。<br /> 崔大妈干净利索，心灵手巧，用农村人的话说，就是过日子人儿。见了崔大妈，还没等开口，她坐下先看了一眼手机，朋友圈里已经聚集了一大堆赞，还有一连串的询问，看来粘豆包应该有市场。<br /> 崔大妈有些犹豫，赵丽杰说一切用料我来提供，你包，我卖，如果做不好，有损失，我全部承担。<br /> <br /> Xi Jinping, the general secretary, has said that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. But where were they in Shuangxing village? Those original coarse cereals from original soil, weren’t they the food that people mostly wanted on their table? But where were the specific projects carrying out? Zhao Lijie had been racking her brains after backing from Chifeng. Her son said, “Mum, you never respond me after I calling you for several times. Are you be possessed by something?” With local customs, every household would steam some dry rations to celebrate the Chinese New Year when it neared, and the most popular one was sticky bean bun made by yellow rice flour. Those buns from Linxi County were made with several ingredients, which were flour-the local yellow rice grinded by a stone mill, stuffing-a local large kidney bean, and flavor-white sugar boiled from local beet. These ingredients were totally original for they had been local seeds left over year by year. When these buns are ready, one who tasted it would feel that it was so soft and sweet, and his mouth was filled with that good smell. For helping villagers who had been in troubles these years, Zhao had good relationships with them. When buns were ready, almost every folk would send a basket of buns to Zhao. Before the New Year, half of Zhao’s storehouse was taken up by buns. These actions enlightened her. So, Zhao tasted every bun and posted a moment on Wechat to show these sticky bean buns from Shuangxing village in Linxi County, and then drove to find Cui Guangzhi. Cui was neat and ingenious. One lived in a village would say that she had a good command of living. When seeing Cui, Zhao sat down and looked at her phone firstly without saying anything. Knowing that there were lots of likes and inquiries on the moment, she thought that there should be a big market of selling sticky bean bun. For knowing Cui was a kind of hesitate, Zhao said she would offer every ingredient and in charge of sales, while Cui was in charge of production. If there was anything wrong or loss, she would take full responsibility.<br /> <br /> Xi Jinping, the general secretary, has said that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. But where were they in Shuangxing village? Those original coarse cereals grew from original soil, weren’t they the food that people wanted most on their table? But where should specific projects be carried out? Zhao Lijie had been racking her brains after backing from Chifeng. Her son said, “Mum, you never respond me after I have called you several times. Are you being possessed by something?” With local customs, every household would steam some dry rations to celebrate the Chinese New Year when it is neared, and the most popular one was sticky bean bun made by yellow rice flour. Those buns from Linxi County were made with several ingredients, which were flour- grinded by a stone mill with local yellow rice, stuffing-a local large kidney bean, and flavor-white sugar boiled from local beet. These ingredients were totally original for they had been local seeds left over year by year. When these buns are ready, one who tasted it would feel that it was so soft and sweet, and his mouth was filled with that good smell. Helping villagers who had been in troubles these years, Zhao had good relationships with them. When buns were ready, almost every folk would send a basket of buns to Zhao. Before the New Year, half of Zhao’s storehouse was taken up by buns. These actions enlightened her. So, Zhao tasted every bun and posted a moment on Wechat to show these sticky bean buns from Shuangxing village in Linxi County, and then drove to find aunt Cui Guangzhi. Cui was neat and ingenious. One lived in a village would say that she had a good command of living. When seeing Cui, Zhao sat down and looked at her phone firstly, knowing that there were lots of likes and inquiries on the moment before talking her idea. She thought that there should be a big market of selling sticky bean bun. Seeing Cui was a kind of hesitate, Zhao said she would offer every ingredient and in charge of sales, while Cui was in charge of production. If there was anything wrong or loss, she would take full responsibility.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15z 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin ====<br /> 在县中蒙医院杨立军、赵洪军两位帮扶干部的帮助之下，粘豆包上线问题顺利解决。 <br /> 每天天不亮，赵丽杰就开车从林西县城赶往双兴崔大妈家，忙前忙后帮着蒸豆包、撒年糕，豆包和年糕出锅，晾凉，她还要按照订单分装妥当。忙一个上午，赵丽杰下午驱车赶回林西县城，以确保在天黑前把新鲜的豆包、年糕送到客户家。一个订单往往只有一二斤，有的客户家住六、七楼，为了节省时间，她都是一路小跑着送货。开门的大爷大娘看到气喘吁吁的她，都不免心疼地说，这孩子，不急，看累得……有时订货单多了，差不多要送到晚上七八点钟。多一份订单，赵丽杰就要在凛冽的寒风中，多穿梭一次，她的手上起了冻疮，脸被风吹得起了皴裂，董蒙心疼，假作玩笑说：“哎呀呀媳妇，你这几天怎么长丑了？”赵丽杰搞不懂，就去照镜子，董蒙继续调侃——媳妇，你不感觉粘豆包长到你脸上来了吗？董蒙止住笑，劝赵丽杰：“你已经够忙了，可别再给自己加码了，这种零打碎敲能挣几个钱？”赵丽杰挥动着小拳头说：“怎么，你胆敢不支持我？万事头三脚难踢，闯出去以后想想，一定感到很值得。”董蒙又一笑：“我是要用实际行动支持你，我把那些没做好的，歪歪扭扭的，糊巴乱啃的粘豆包通通买断行不行？”……幸福家庭的每一个细节都是甜蜜的。<br /> <br /> With the help of Yang Lijun and Zhao Hongjun, two help cadres from the county hospital, the online launching of the sticky bean buns was smoothly handled. Every day before dawn, Zhao Lijie will drive hurriedly from Linxi county to Shuangxing village to help Aunt Choi to steam bean buns and rice cakes, after they are boiled and cooled, she also needs to assemble them according to the orders. After a busy morning, Zhao Lijie drove back to Linxi county in the afternoon to ensure that the fresh bean buns and rice cakes were delivered to customers' homes before dark. Most costumers often only order one or two pounds goods. If they are living on the sixth or seventh floor, to save more time, she has to run all the way to deliver the food. The door guarder, elderly grandpa or grandma, seeing her panting, said: &quot;Hey, no hurry, don't be too tired.&quot; When receiving more orders, she has to work until 7 or 8 o'clock at night. One more order means that she has to shuttle one more time in the freezing wind. Her hands got frostbite and her face was chapped by the wind. Dong Meng felt distressed for her, so he pretended to joke and said, &quot;Oh, my dear, how could you grown ugly in the past few days?&quot; Lijie was confused, looking in the mirror. Dong Meng continued to tease:&quot; Can you feel that the sticky bean buns has grew to your face?&quot; Dong Meng stopped joking and advised Zhao Lijie: &quot;You're already busy enough, don't give yourself too more pressure, there is only little money you can make from this kind of piecemeal work?&quot; Zhao Lijie waved her small fist and said, &quot;What, you dare not to support me? I knew everything is hard at the beginning, but it must feel very worthwhile after I make a new ground.&quot; Dong Meng smiled again, saying &quot;I am here to support you with practical action, Is it okay for me to buy out all those not well made, crooked, and crunchy sticky bean buns?&quot; ...... Every detail of a happy family is sweet.<br /> <br /> With the help of Yang Lijun and Zhao Hongjun, two help cadres from the county hospital, the selling problem of the sticky bean buns was successfully handled. Every day before dawn, Zhao Lijie would drive hurriedly from Linxi county to Shuangxing village to help Aunt Choi to steam bean buns and rice cakes. After they were boiled and cooled, she also needed to pack them well according to the orders. After a busy morning, Zhao Lijie drove back to Linxi county in the afternoon to ensure that the fresh bean buns and rice cakes were delivered to customers' homes before it was getting dark. Most costumers often only ordered one or two pounds of buns. If they were living on the sixth or seventh floor, she had to run all the way to deliver the food for saving time. The porter, often the elder, saw her panting and said with compassion: &quot;Hey, no hurry, don't be too tired.&quot; Sometimes there were more orders, and she had to work until 7 or 8 o'clock at night. One more order meant that she had to shuttle one more time in the freezing wind. She had chilblains on her hands and her face was chapped by cold wind. Dong Meng was concerned about her, so he pretended to joke and said, &quot;Oh, my dear, how could you become tired and gaunt in the past few days?&quot; Zhao Lijie was confused and looked at herself in the mirror. Dong Meng continued to tease:&quot; Can you feel that the sticky bean buns has grew to your face?&quot; Dong stopped joking and advised Zhao Lijie: &quot;You're already busy enough, don't give yourself too more pressure. There is only little money you can make from this kind of piecemeal work?&quot; Zhao Lijie waved her small fist and said, &quot;What, you dare not to support me? I knew everything is hard at the beginning, but it must feel very worthwhile after I make some achievements.&quot; Dong Meng smiled again, saying &quot;I am here to support you with practical action. Is it okay for me to buy out all those not well made, crooked, and crunchy sticky bean buns?&quot; ...... Every moment of a happy family was sweet.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15a1 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen ====<br /> 赵丽杰分析，喜欢吃粘豆包的老人们，爱的是对童年的记忆，喜欢吃粘豆包的年轻人，追求的是那份天然的醇香，所以，自己卖的粘豆包，其食材，制作方式必须保持住原汁原味。那么精确的原汁原味在哪里？在送货的过程中，遇上一位上了年纪的大妈，她非常喜欢吃粘豆包，赵丽杰多次爬六楼把粘豆包送到她家。她尝了尝，立马来了电话，说你这粘豆包不对劲，太酸了。赵丽杰第二天重新蒸了一锅，送到她家，她尝尝，又来了电话，说太甜了。原来这位大妈，当年是农村的巧媳妇，她这一辈子，就是做乡土饭过来的，吃乡土饭，她嘴刁得很。赵丽杰虚心听她的建议，反反复复为她更换了六次粘豆包，每一次，都会调整发面的时间，调整豆馅的干湿度、甜度，调整上火蒸制的时间，可她一直没有给满分。有人劝赵丽杰，就别卖给她算了，客户都夸咱们的粘豆包那叫东北一绝，要多好吃有多好吃，就她老人家格色。赵丽杰说那不行，既然要创出品牌，就要本着食不厌精、脍不厌细的原则，一分一毫都要做到极致。赵丽杰第七次爬六楼，给大妈送货上门，让大妈品尝提意见，终于见到大妈激动地说：“嗯，这才是正宗的铁锅粘豆包，当年我的老母亲蒸的就是这个味儿 ！”赵丽杰老高兴了，感觉自己得到了一个马拉松大奖杯。从此，这位大妈成为双兴粘豆包最忠实的粉丝, 赵丽杰也在每一次和大妈的交流中，学到了不少乡土美食的做法，总结出了蒸粘豆包的窍门和经验。客户说，吃别的什么，时间长了就会厌烦，吃你们的粘豆包怎么觉得越来越好吃呢？他们不知道，看似平常的小小粘豆包，蕴含着赵丽杰多少心劲儿，经过她过多少次一丝不苟的试验。<br /> <br /> Zhao Lijie analyzed that the elders who are fond of sticky bean buns indeed cherish the memories of their childhoods, and that the young who are fond of sticky bean buns pursue natural flavour. Thus, self-made sticky bean buns’ ingredients and making method have to keep their original taste and flavour. So, what are the original taste and flavour? Once Zhao Lijie met an old lady who likes eating sticky bean buns very much when Zhao was delivering stuffs, and she climbed the sixth floor to give away the buns to her many times. The lady had a taste, but she called Zhao Lijie at once to tell her that the sticky bean buns were too sour to eat. Therefore, Zhao Lijie did it again the next day, she tasted and called again, saying that those were too sweet. It turned out that the old lady had been a clever wife in the countryside when she was young. She had done country-style-cooking for a long time. So, she was very picky about the buns. Zhao listened to her advice with humility, and , changed the method of making the sticky bean buns six times. Every time she changed the recipe, she would promote the dough mixing time, humidity, sweetness and steamed time of bean taste. However, the old lady were still not fully satisfied with it. Somebody suggested that Zhao Lijie did not need to sell the lady sticky bean buns. Other customers all said the buns Zhao made were one of the most famous speciality in Northeastern China. They were so delicious, however, only that lady was hard to please. But Zhao Lijie thought now that she wanted to create a brand, she must stick to the principle of We should follow the principle that food should be carefully cooked and prepared to the best. When Zhao Lijie climbed the sixth floor the seventh times to send the buns herself and sought for advice from the old lady, she finally saw the lady saying with excitement:“Yes！This is original flavour of the buns. It is the what my mom did!” Zhao Lijie was so delighted that she felt that she got a large trophy of marathon competition. Also, Zhao Lijie learned plenty of local cuisines every time she chat with the old lady and summarized knack and experience of steaming sticky bean buns. Customers commented that it was getting tired of eating something else for a long time, but the strange thing was that it wouldn’t happen on the buns which Zhao made. They didn’t know the seemingly ordinary little sticky bean buns contains Zhao Lijie's enthusiasm and has been meticulously tested many times by her.<br /> <br /> <br /> Zhao Lijie analyzed that the elders who are fond of sticky bean buns indeed cherish the memories of their childhoods, and that the young who love them pursue their natural flavor. Therefore, it is the original flavor that her self-made sticky bean buns must seal by means of ingredients and ways of cooking. While, where is the exact original flavor? Once upon a time, when Zhao was delivering his goods, she came across a woman，who was crazy about eating sticky bean buns. Zhao climbed to the sixth floor on which the woman lived for many times to deliver her sticky bean buns. After the woman tasted, she called Zhao immediately and told her that there was something wrong with the flavor. It was too sour. The next day, Zhao steamed a pot of new buns, and sent her some to taste. And the woman phoned again, saying it was too sweet. It turned out that the woman had been a clever wife in the countryside when she was young. Having done country-style-cooking for a long time, she was very picky about the buns. Zhao modestly followed her advice, and adapted the ways of making sticky bean buns six times. Every time, she would adapt the rising time of dough, moisture and sweetness of bean paste, and the time of steaming, but the woman was still not fully satisfied with them. Somebody suggested that Zhao did not need to sell her sticky bean buns. Other customers all said the buns Zhao made were one of the most famous specialties in Northeastern China. They were so delicious, only that woman was so hard to please. However, Zhao Lijie thought it was wrong. To create a brand, she need uphold the principle of “food should be carefully cooked and prepared to the best. Every aspect should be considered carefully. ” Hoping to receive some suggestions from the woman, Zhao Lijie climbed to the sixth floor for the seventh times. Finally, the woman became excited and exclaimed: “That's the right flavor！That flavor of buns is the same to what my mom made before! ” Being exceedingly happy, Zhao felt that she got a large trophy of marathon competition. From then on, that woman became the most loyal fan of Shuangxin sticky bean burns. At the same time, Zhao learned plenty of local cuisines every time she chatted with the woman. And she summarized knacks and experience of steaming sticky bean buns. Customers commented that whatever they ate for a long time, they would be tired of it. However, it's so strange that it wouldn’t happen to the buns that Zhao made. They didn’t know that the sticky bean buns, which are little and seemingly ordinary, contains Zhao Lijie's enthusiasm and has been meticulously tested many times by her.<br /> <br /> ====Part b1张玉燕 Zhang Yuyan====<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰扩大车间，吸收村里有经验的大妈大婶姐姐嫂子到车间来劳动，线上线下一起销售，整个冬天，卖出去两千多斤粘豆包和年糕，崔大妈一个月纯收入就达6000多元，可把她高兴坏了。经过两年的积累，赵丽杰的“粘豆包”事业迎上一个新的小高潮！为了拓宽销路，走一条传统与现代相结合的生产方式，她特意购入了真空包装机，推出真空包装、精包装、礼盒装三种产品，以满足不同客户需求。2018年共计销售粘豆包、年糕和各种杂粮十几万斤，纯收入达二十余万元，带动六个贫困妇女脱贫，同时给十二名周边村妇女提供了劳动岗位。2019年一入冬，各地的新老客户就在线上订货，数量大幅度提高，光是全国各地的销售代理就猛增到了二十一名，产品可谓供不应求。<br /> <br /> Zhao Lijie expanded the workshop, recruited experienced women from the village, and sold sticky bean buns and rice cakes online and offline. Throughout the winter, over 1 ton of them had been sold. As one of the workers, Aunt Cui's monthly net income reached over 6000 yuan, which made her very happy.<br /> Having two years’ experience, Zhao Lijie's &quot;sticky bean buns&quot; business had ushered in a new climax! To broaden the market, and take a production mode combining tradition and modernization, she specially bought a vacuum packaging machine, and launched products that were vacuum-packaged, precision-packaged and gift-boxed. By doing so, the needs of different customers could be met.In 2018, with the sales of over fifty tons of sticky bean buns, rice cakes and coarse cereals, and a net income of more than 0.2 million yuan, six poverty-stricken women were lifted out of poverty, and 12 women in surrounding villages were provided with jobs. In the early winter of 2019, new and established customers from all over the country placed orders online, and the sales increased substantially. The number of sales agents also jumped to 21, but the supply of products could not meet the demand.<br /> <br /> Zhao Lijie expanded the workshop to recruit more experienced women from the village and sold sticky bean buns and rice cakes both online and offline. In this way, over 1 ton of them had been sold throughout the winter. As one of the workers, Aunt Cui's received a monthly net income of over 6000 yuan, which made her extremely happy. With two years’ experience, Zhao Lijie's business of &quot;sticky bean buns&quot; had ushered in a new climax! To broaden the market, she integrated the traditional production modern with the modern one. She bought a vacuum packaging machine, launching products that were vacuum-packaged, precision-packaged and gift-boxed so as to meet the needs of different customers. In 2018, the gross sales of sticky bean buns, rice cakes and coarse cereals exceeded fifty tons and the net income reached more than 200 thousand yuan. In addition, six poverty-stricken women were lifted out of poverty, and 12 women in surrounding villages were provided with jobs. In the early winter of 2019, new and established customers from all over the country placed orders online, and the sales increased sharply. The number of sales agents also jumped to 21. Even more, the supply of products almost cannot meet the demand.<br /> <br /> <br /> 作为赤峰市“三八红旗手” 、赤峰市“巾帼扶贫先进个人”、 “全国巾帼建功标兵” 、赤峰市劳动模范，作为一个合作社的理事长，她把思考的课题提升到了新的层面，那就是如何把新兴科技手段和新型农业知识运用到合作社未来的发展中去。在进行了专家咨询、市场可行性研究调查之后，赵丽杰决定引进食用菌种植，同时利用废弃菌棒，加工优质有机肥料，反哺有机杂粮，用循环的产业链生发循环的经济利益，这正是未来农业发展的大趋势。现在赵丽杰的荣盛达农业生产合作社，已扩展设施农业大棚27个，成功种植平菇、滑子菇，2019年又增添种植了火龙果、甜瓜种植等项目。建设起四百平米的新型厂房，一百六十平米的现代化冷库 ，将以前只能在冬季生产的产品，进行储藏、配货运输，实现长期化生产，不仅让全国客户一年四季都能吃到双兴的杂粮美食，还为周边女性提供160人就业岗位。<br /> <br /> As “March-Eighth Red-Banner Pacesetter” and &quot;Female Advanced Poverty Alleviation Individual&quot; of Chifeng City, &quot;National Women's Meritorious Pacesetter&quot;, a labor worker of Chifeng City,and president of a cooperative, Zhao Lijie raised her thinking to a new level-how to apply emerging scientific and technological skills and new agricultural knowledge to the future development of her cooperative.After expert consultation and market feasibility study, Zhao Lijie decided to introduce edible fungi for planting. At the same time, she made use of waste bacteria stick to process high-quality organic fertilizers and refeed organic cereals, which used circular industrial chain to generate circular economic benefits, and is the major trend of future agricultural development.Now Zhao Lijie's Rongshengda Agricultural Production Cooperative has expanded 27 facility agricultural greenhouses and successfully planted Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus velutipes. In 2019, projects such as pitaya and melon planting were added. A new factory building with an area of 400 square meters and a modern cold storage with an area of 160 square meters will be built to store, distribute and transport products that can only be produced in winter before, so as to realize long-term production. This will not only enable customers across the country to eat Shuangxing's cereals and delicacies all year round, but also provide 160 jobs for women around. <br /> <br /> As “March-Eighth Red-Banner Pacesetter” and &quot;Female Advanced Poverty Alleviation Individual&quot; of Chifeng County, &quot;National Women's Meritorious Pacesetter&quot;, a labor worker of Chifeng County ,and president of a cooperative, Zhao Lijie raised her thinking to a new level-how to apply emerging scientific and technological skills and new agricultural knowledge to the future development of her cooperative. After expert consultation and market feasibility study, Zhao Lijie decided to introduce edible fungi for planting. At the same time, she made use of waste bacteria stick to process high-quality organic fertilizers and in turn refeed organic cereals. In a word, zhao used circular industrial chain to generate circular economic benefits, which is exactly the major trend of future agricultural development. Now Zhao Lijie's Rongshengda Agricultural Production Cooperative has expanded 27 facility agricultural greenhouses and successfully planted Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus velutipes. In 2019, projects such as pitaya and melon planting were added. A 400-squaremeter new factory and a 160-squaremeter modern cold storage were built to store, distribute and transport products that can only be produced in winter before, so as to realize long-term production. This will not only enable customers across the country get access to Shuangxing's cereals and delicacies all year round, but also provide 160 jobs for women around.<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰说，我爱农村，离不开农村，如果说城市是现代青年展示才华的舞台，那么农村就是现代青年大展宏图的广阔天地。<br /> <br /> &quot;I love the countryside and can't live without it. If the city is a stage for modern youth to show their talents, then the countryside is a vast world for modern youth to show their great ambitions,&quot;said Zhao Lijie.<br /> <br /> &quot;I love the countryside and can't live without it. If the city is a stage for modern youth to show their talents, then the countryside is a vast world for modern youth to give full play to their ambition <br /> &quot;said Zhao Lijie.<br /> <br /> 在疫情期间，我看到电视台播报的消息，赵丽杰在当地第一个带头捐款捐物，带头做志愿者，坚守着自己的家园，同时日夜分秒必争，筹划着复工之后的诸多举措，年轻的赵丽杰在她的人生故事里，又掀开了新的一页。<br /> During the epidemic, I saw the news on TV that Lijie Zhao was the first in the area to take the lead in donating money and goods, volunteering and holding on to her home, Meanwhile, she worked day and night to make preparations for things after work resumption. The young Zhao Lijie turned a new page in her life story.<br /> <br /> == Part 16 ==<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16a 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing ====<br /> 他在给我讲述一棵树<br /> <br /> He was telling me about a tree<br /> <br /> He was telling me about a tree<br /> <br /> “进入新时代，就要有新思维！”“只有用战略思维谋划全局，用创新思维探索扶贫模式、完善体制机制，才能啃下脱贫攻坚的硬骨头！”这是赤峰市扶贫办主任冯树鑫标志性的内心宣示。<br /> <br /> &quot;Entering a new era requires new thinking!&quot; &quot;Only with strategic thinking to plan the overall situation, with innovative thinking to explore poverty alleviation models and with institutional mechanisms improved can we realize poverty alleviation !&quot; This is the iconic inner declaration of Feng Shuxin, director of the Poverty Alleviation Office of Chifeng county.<br /> <br /> “Entering a new era requires new thinking!&quot; he said. &quot;Only with strategic thinking to plan for the overall situation, with innovative thinking to explore poverty-relief models and improve institutional mechanisms, can we break through the hard poverty alleviation of poverty alleviation,&quot; Feng Shuxin, director of the Chifeng Office of poverty alleviation, declared in his heart.<br /> <br /> 2014年底，年富力强的冯树鑫，由克什克腾旗旗委副书记兼克什克腾世界地质公园管理局局长的岗位上，调任赤峰市扶贫办主任。<br /> <br /> At the end of 2014, Feng Shuxin, who is in the prime of his life, was transferred from the post of deputy secretary of Keshketeng Banner Committee and director of Keshenketeng Shijie Dizhi Park Administration to the director of Poverty Alleviation Office of Chifeng county.<br /> <br /> At the end of 2014, Feng Shuxin, who is in their prime of life，was transferred from the post of Deputy Secretary of the Keshikten Banner Committee and Director of the Hexigten Global Geopark Administration Bureau to the director-general of the Chifeng Office of poverty alleviation.<br /> <br /> 作为一个写作者，我多年以来养成了一种观察人习惯，那就是由表及里。我的理由是，不论一个人相貌平平还是仪表堂堂，能够标志其是否优秀的不是自然禀赋，而是外在的风貌举止。<br /> <br /> As a writer, I have developed a habit of observing people from one’s appearance to personality over the years. From my point of view, whether a person gets a pretty face or a mediocre one, his <br /> excellence is marked by his overall appearance and demeanor, not by his natural endowment.<br /> <br /> As a writer,I have developed over the years a habit of observing people from the outside in.From my point of view, it is not natural endowments, but outward appearance that mark its excellence.<br /> <br /> 初见冯树鑫，他给我的第一印象是双目矍铄，相貌端庄，衣着简洁，后来几次与他沟通时，发现他身上的白衬衫永远一丝不苟，到了他办公室一看，文件文具整整齐齐，到处一尘不染。他开口说话，滔滔不绝，却沉稳敏捷，没有多余的赘词，总是一语中的。这一点让我对他十分信任，有一种故知的感觉。<br /> <br /> When I first met Feng Shuxin, he looked hale and hearty, dignified in appearance, plainly but neatly dressed. After several conversations with him, I found that his white shirt was always immaculate, so was his office, where the documents and stationery were neat and tidy.He talked incessantly, but calmly and agilely, without superfluous words, which made me trust him a lot and have a feeling of having known him for a long time.<br /> <br /> When I first met Feng Shuxin, he looked hale and hearty, dignified in appearance, plainly but neatly dressed. After several conversations with him, I found that his white shirt was always immaculate, When I went to his office, the documents and stationery were neat and tidy. He can spout Shakespeare for hours， but calmly and agilely, without superfluous words, which made me trust him a lot and have a feeling of having known him for a long time.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 鲁思 Lu Si ====<br /> 冯主任向上立起手臂，展开五指，开始了他的讲述。<br /> <br /> Director Feng raised his arm, spread his fingers, began his story. <br /> <br /> Director Feng raised his arm, spread his fingers, and began his story.<br /> <br /> 我感觉他的手构成了一棵树的姿态，而他的讲述也仿佛从一棵树的幼苗开始，沿着树的躯干和枝干精准道来。这棵树便是赤峰脱贫攻坚的来龙去脉。<br /> <br /> I felt his hands forming the gesture of a tree, and his narrative also seems to begin at early age , none speak pleasantly and naturally. This tree is the In &amp; Out of Chifeng's poverty alleviation. f<br /> <br /> I felt that his hands formed the posture of a tree, and his story seemed to start from the seedling of a tree, along the trunk and branches of the tree. This tree is the origin of Chifeng's poverty alleviation campaign.<br /> <br /> 他说：“2013年11月总书记在十八洞村提出精准扶贫，2014年底全国建立了建档立卡的体系，2015年十一月份中央召开全国脱贫攻坚会议，发文打赢脱贫攻坚战，配套国家十三五规划，“六个精准”、“五个一批” 开展工作。<br /> <br /> “In November 2013, the General Secretary proposed a targeted poverty alleviation plan in Shibadong village. By the end of 2014, a nationwide system of registration cards had been set up. In November 2015, the central government held a national poverty alleviation meeting. It issued a document to to eradicate poverty, supporting the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of the Peple’s Republic of China, and carrying out work in “Six-point precision” and “Five-point first batch”,” he said.<br /> <br /> He said: &quot;In November 2013, the general secretary proposed targeted poverty alleviation in Shibadong village, at the end of 2014, the country established a filing system, in November 2015, the central government held a national poverty alleviation conference, issued a document to win the battle against poverty, supporting the national 13th Five-Year Plan,&quot; six precision &quot;, &quot;five batch&quot; to carry out the work.<br /> <br /> 当时，内蒙古贫困人口一百五十余万，赤峰市四十六万八千，占自治区的三分之一，自治区有国家级贫困县三十一个，赤峰市有八个，自治区有二十六个自治区级贫困县，赤峰有两个，贫困县的数量赤峰站占全区总数的四分之一，贫困人口占全区总数的三分之一，可见当时赤峰市脱贫的任务是最重的。<br /> <br /> At that time, more than one hundred and fifty million people lived in poverty in Inner Mongolia, and four hundred and sixty-eight thousand million people in Chifeng, accounting for one-third of the autonomous region. There were thirty-one poverty-stricken counties at the national level in the autonomous region, eight in Chifeng, twenty-six poverty-stricken counties at the regional level in the autonomous region, and two in Chifeng. The number of poverty-stricken counties in Chifeng Station accounted for one-quarter of the total number of people in the region and one-third of the total number of people in the region. This shows that the task of lifting Chifeng out of poverty was the most serious at that time.<br /> <br /> At that time, more than one hundred and fifty, Inner Mongolia's poor chifeng city four hundred and sixty-eight thousand, accounting for one third of the autonomous region, municipality has a state-level counties thirty-one, eight chifeng city, the autonomous region has 26 autonomous region level poverty-stricken counties, chifeng has two, the number of counties in chifeng station to a quarter of the total number of the district, the poor to a third of the total number of the district, It can be seen that the task of poverty alleviation in Chifeng City was the heaviest.<br /> <br /> ====Part 16 庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====<br /> 2016年，我们建议市政府，在自治区下达的三项重点工作中加入脱贫攻坚一项内容。<br /> <br /> In 2016, we suggested that the municipal government add poverty alleviation to the three key tasks assigned by the autonomous region.<br /> <br /> In 2016, we suggested that the municipal government should include poverty alleviation in the three key tasks assigned by the autonomous region.<br /> <br /> 经过努力，到2018年底，全市四十六万八千贫困人口，减至五万三千万人； 在2017年底，我们的林西县成为自治区第一个摘帽国贫县，经北京市师范大学第三方验收高质量通过，获得全国脱贫攻坚组织创新奖。<br /> <br /> By the end of 2018, the number of people living in poverty in the city had decreased from 468,000 to 53,000.By the end of 2017, our Linxi County has become the first poverty-stricken county in the autonomous region, which has passed the third-party acceptance of Beijing Normal University and won the National Innovation Award for Poverty Alleviation Organizations.<br /> <br /> By the end of 2018, the number of people living in poverty in the city had decreased from 468,000 to 53,000. By the end of 2017, our Linxi County has become the first poverty-stricken county in the autonomous region, which has passed the third-party acceptance of Beijing Normal University and won the National Innovation Award for Poverty Alleviation Organizations.<br /> <br /> 2018年，林西县获得全国脱贫攻坚组织创新奖。<br /> <br /> In 2018, Linxi County won the National Poverty Alleviation Organization Innovation Award.<br /> <br /> In 2018, Linxi County won the National Poverty Alleviation Organization Innovation Award.<br /> <br /> 赤峰市三个国贫县，两个自治区级贫困县出列，共六个贫困县摘帽；敖汉旗设立爱心基金，使贫困人口治病正常报销外，爱心基金再补报一部分，达到了健康医疗有保障，获得国家卫健委健康扶贫奖。<br /> <br /> Three national poor counties and two autonomous region level poor counties were listed in Chifeng City, and a total of six poor counties were decapitated; Aohan Banner set up a love fund to make the poor people normally reimbursed for their medical treatment. In addition, the love fund made up a part of the reimbursement, which ensured health care and won the Health Poverty Alleviation Award of the National Health Commission.<br /> <br /> Six poor counties were lifted from poverty, which includes three National-Level Poor County and two autonomous region level poor counties. Aohan Banner set up a charity fund to make the poor people normally reimbursed for their medical treatment. In addition, the charity fund made up a part of the reimbursement, which ensured health care and won the Health Poverty Alleviation Award of the National Health Commission.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====<br /> 2019年全市集中人力物力财力打好脱贫攻坚歼灭战，实现了五万三千人脱贫，一百七十三个嘎查村出列，阿鲁科尔沁旗、巴林左旗、翁牛特旗、敖汉旗最后四个国家级贫困县摘帽。<br /> <br /> In 2019, the city concentrated its human, physical and financial resources to fight against poverty, achieving the goal of lifting fifty-three thousand people， One hundred and seventy-three Gacha villages and the last four national poverty-stricken counties of Arhorqin Banner, Bahrain Left Banner, Ongniud Banner and Aohan Banner from poverty.<br /> <br /> In 2019, the city concentrated its human, material and financial resources to win the battle against poverty, and achieved the goal of lifting fifty-three thousand people, one hundred and seventy-three Gacha villages, and the last four national poor counties in Arhorqin Banner, Bahrain Left Banner, Ongniud Banner, and Aohan Banner out of poverty.<br /> <br /> 赤峰的脱贫攻坚工作得到国务院扶贫办和自治区的认可，国务院扶贫办批准设立赤峰扶贫改革试验区。<br /> <br /> The poverty alleviation work in Chifeng was recognized by the Poverty Alleviation Office of the State Council and the autonomous region, and the Poverty Alleviation Office of the State Council approved the establishment of Chifeng Poverty Alleviation Reform Pilot Zone.<br /> <br /> The poverty alleviation work in Chifeng was recognized by the Poverty Alleviation Office of the State Council and the autonomous region, and the Poverty Alleviation Office of the State Council approved the establishment of Chifeng Poverty Alleviation Reform Pilot Zone. <br /> <br /> 全区扶贫办主任会议、全区产业精准扶贫政金企对接会、全区扶贫小额信贷工作现场培训会和中央单位定点扶贫工作调度交流培训会议相继在赤峰召开；我们还成功举办2019年埃塞俄比亚公共服务与减贫研修班，这是我市连续三年成功承办国际减贫研修班。<br /> <br /> The Regional Poverty Alleviation Office Director's Meeting, the Regional Industry Targeted Poverty Alleviation Policy Finance Enterprise Matchmaking Meeting, the regional poverty alleviation micro credit work on-site training meeting and the central unit designated poverty alleviation work dispatching exchange training meeting were held successively in Chifeng. We also successfully held the 2019 Ethiopia Public Service and Poverty Reduction Seminar, which is the third consecutive year that our city successfully hosted the international poverty reduction seminar.<br /> <br /> The Regional Poverty Alleviation Office Director's Meeting, the Regional Industry Targeted Poverty Alleviation Policy Finance Enterprise Matchmaking Meeting, the Regional Poverty Alleviation Microfinance Work Field Training Meeting and the Central Unit Targeted Poverty Alleviation Work Dispatching Exchange Training Meeting were successively held in Chifeng; We also successfully held the 2019 Ethiopia Public Service and Poverty Reduction Seminar, which is the third consecutive year that our city successfully hosted the international poverty reduction seminar.<br /> <br /> 7月15日，习近平总书记亲临赤峰视察调研，对赤峰市脱贫攻坚工作充分肯定，赤峰四百六十万万各族人民备受鼓舞，正在向决战决胜发起总攻。<br /> <br /> On July 15, Xi Jinping General Secretary personally visited Chifeng to inspect and investigate, and fully affirmed the poverty alleviation work of Chifeng City. The 4.6 million people of all ethnic groups in Chifeng were greatly encouraged and are launching a general attack on the decisive battle of poverty.<br /> <br /> On July 15, Xi Jinping General Secretary personally visited Chifeng to inspect and investigate, and fully affirmed the poverty alleviation work of Chifeng City. The 4.6 million people of all ethnic groups in Chifeng were inspired deeply and they are launching a general attack on the decisive battle of poverty.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 马明宇 Ma Mingyu====<br /> 我们在市委市政府的领导下，通过这样的思路开展工作——赤峰这个地方，有一个优势，就是农产品丰富，所以抓产业，是我们的重点，因为产业扶贫可持续，可以把“小鱼挂在大串上”，更多地把贫困群众吸附在产业链上，带动大多数贫困人口实现增收致富。2016年，我们首先重点抓扶贫产业园建设，到现在已经建立了二百七十一个；其次，我们抓龙头企业建设，引进外地的名牌企业，也培育自己的本土龙头企业，把农副产品的产业链延长，达到对全市的辐射带动作用；还有，我们考虑到小合作社贷款难，成立的金融扶贫公司，为他们搭建融资平台，推动小企业、合作社尽快发展。另一个思路是易地扶贫搬迁，对于那些一方水土养不了一方人的自然村，全市通过易地扶贫搬迁移民的方式，将困难村民安置到乡镇、主干公路附近和旗县所在城关镇，通过新建社区、幸福互助院等方式，让贫困人口搬得出，稳得住，能致富……”<br /> <br /> Under the leadership of the municipal party committee and the government, we carried out our work through such a way of thinking. Chifeng has an advantage that it is rich in agricultural products, so it is our focus to focus on industry. Because industry poverty alleviation is sustainable, we can &quot;hang small fish on a big string&quot;, more attract the poor people to the industrial chain, and drive most of the poor people to achieve income growth and wealth. In 2016, we first focused on the construction of poverty alleviation industrial parks, and up to now, 271 have been established; Secondly, we focus on the construction of leading enterprises, introduce foreign famous brand enterprises, and also cultivate our own local leading enterprises, so as to extend the industrial chain of agricultural and sideline products and achieve the radiating and driving effect on the city; In addition, considering the difficulty of small cooperatives' loans, we set up a financial poverty alleviation company to build a financing platform for them and promote the development of small enterprises and cooperatives as soon as possible. Another idea is poverty alleviation relocation. For those natural villages where one side of water and soil were not dependent, the city will resettle poor villagers to small towns, near trunk roads and Chengguan Town where the county are located through the poverty alleviation relocation. By building new communities, happiness mutual aid homes and other ways, the poor will be able to move out, stay stable and become rich... &quot;<br /> <br /> <br /> Under the leadership of the municipal government, we have been working with this idea - Chifeng is a place rich in agricultural products, so our focus is on the agricultural industry. Once the poverty alleviation is sustainable, &quot; small fishes can be hung on a big string&quot;. In 2016, our priority was the construction of industrial parks for poverty alleviation, and we have so far established 271 parks; secondly, we focused on the construction of leading enterprises, introducing foreign famous brands and cultivating our own local leading enterprises to extend the industrial chain of agricultural and sideline products, so as to achieve a radiation-driven effect on the city. In addition, we take into account the difficulties of small cooperatives in obtaining loans, and set up financial poverty alleviation companies to build financing platforms for them and promote the development of small enterprises and cooperatives as soon as possible. Another idea is the relocation of those who live in poverty. By this, the villagers in difficulty will be placed in the township, where the main highway and the county are nearby . By building new communities, happiness mutual aid homes and other ways, the poor will be able to move out, stay stable and become rich... &quot;<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 彭琦 Peng Qi ====<br /> 冯主任特别给我讲了两件事，他认为这两件事儿，是脱贫攻坚中不可或缺的中流砥柱，一个是中直机关定点帮扶，通过定点帮扶，让中化集团，三峡集团，国家安全部等部门施以强有力的援助，为赤峰新上了诸多大项目，推进脱贫攻坚进程；另一个就是北京市与自治区对口帮扶，北京市8个区帮扶赤峰市8个国贫县，北京市投入大量人力物力，对赤峰市脱贫攻坚起到巨大的推动作用。几年来，市直和旗县下派的五千三百五十三个扶贫干部，他们是国家扶贫政策的传导者，落实者，是他们在第一线伸出手，拉起了每一个贫困群众。他说起北京扶贫干部曹凤鸣的故事，讲起内蒙古自治区妇联副主席云翠荣的故事，讲起一个个驻村第一书记、村两委成员的故事，声音变得缓慢深沉，我听得出他平静的表情之下，有深沉的情感。<br /> Director Feng told me two things in particular, which he considered to be the mainstay of the battle against poverty. One of them is the targeted support from the Chinese authorities, which has enabled the Sinochem Group, the Three Gorges Group, the Ministry of State Security and other departments to provide strong assistance and to launch many new major projects for Chifeng to advance the process of poverty eradication. The other is the counterpart support from Beijing to the autonomous regions. 8 districts in Beijing help 8 poverty-stricken counties in Chifeng, and Beijing has invested a lot of human and material resources into the area, offering a huge boost to the fight against poverty in Chifeng. Over the past few years, the Municipality and several counties have sent down 5,353 cadres, who have advanced and implemented the national poverty alleviation policy. They are on the front line, getting every poor person out of poverty. His voice turned slow and deep as he told the story of Cao Fengming, a poverty alleviation cadre from Beijing, the story of Yun Cuirong, the vice president of the Women's Federation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and the stories of the first secretaries and members of the two village committees (Village Party Branch Committee and Village Committee). From his words, I could feel the deep emotion beneath his calm expression.<br /> <br /> Director Feng told me two things in particular, which he considered to be a mainstay of the battle against poverty. One of them is the targeted support from the Chinese authorities, which has enabled the Sinochem Group, the Three Gorges Group, the Ministry of State Security and other departments to provide strong assistance and to launch many new major projects for Chifeng to advance poverty eradication. The other is the counterpart support from Beijing to the autonomous regions, including 8 districts in Beijing that help 8 poverty-stricken counties in Chifeng. Beijing has invested a lot of human and material resources into the area, offering a huge boost to the fight against poverty in Chifeng. Over the past few years, the Municipality and several counties have sent down 5,353 cadres, who have advanced and implemented the national poverty alleviation policy. They are on the front line, getting every poor person out of poverty. His voice turned slow and deep as he told the story of Cao Fengming, a poverty alleviation cadre from Beijing, the story of Yun Cuirong, the vice president of the Women's Federation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and the stories of the first secretaries and members of the two village committees (Village Party Branch Committee and Village Committee). From his words, I could feel the deep emotion beneath his calm expression.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin ====<br /> <br /> 在交流中，冯树鑫给予我的信息实在丰繁，我全神贯注地听讲，通过他的语言，这些信息直接和土地对接、和现实融为一体，犹如雁群飞来，栖落在地，而地里同时长出了新绿，所以我在以上的转述中，我已经不能追述的那些十分具体，又万分抽象的时间、数字、因人施策的策，因地制宜的宜。例如，一系列中共中央、国务院有关脱贫攻坚文件下发的背景、时间、内容；各种指标，贫困率，脱贫率，贫困户的人均收入，贫困户通过参加光伏扶贫的收入；设施农业——有多少个大棚、多少万亩旱地，大棚种植了哪些果蔬品种，一年能收几茬，何时育苗，何时采摘，滴灌的水量，日照的温度；养殖业——一般农牧户多少头牛羊，每个旗多少头牛羊，杜泊羊和湖羊的不同，包括品种的特点，适应性要求……还有，赤峰北部山区和大兴安岭的关系，南部山区和燕山的关系，日照时间长度，无霜期的天数，敖汉小米和巴林左旗的毛毛谷小米各具什么特点，宁城的梨子为什么在北京市场 广受欢迎，科尔沁沙地为什么要修一条穿沙公路……<br /> <br /> In the exchange, Feng Shuxin gave me a lot of information, so I listened attentively. Through his words, the information was directly connected with the land and integrated with the reality, like a flock of geese flying to live on the ground, while the ground grew some green. Therefore, in the above narration, I can no longer recall those very specific and abstract time, figures, policies or base on people, and policies based on local conditions. For example, the background, time and content of a series of poverty alleviation documents issued by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council; Various indicators, poverty rate, poverty alleviation rate, per capita income of poor households, and income of poor households through participating in photovoltaic poverty alleviation; Facility in agriculture -- how many greenhouses, how many hectares of dry land, what kinds of fruits and vegetables are planted in the greenhouses, how many crops can be harvested a year, when to raise seedlings, when to pick, the amount of drip irrigation, and the temperature of sunshine; Breeding industry -- how many cattle and sheep are there in general farmers and herdsmen, how many cattle and sheep are there in each flag, the difference between Du Bo sheep and Hu sheep, including the characteristics of varieties and adaptability requirements... Also, the relationship between the northern mountains of Chifeng and the Great Xing'an Mountains, the relationship between the southern mountains and Yanshan, hours of sunshine, the number of frost free days, what are the characteristics of Aohan millet and Maomao millet in Balin Zuoqi, and why the pears in Ningcheng are widely popular in the Beijing market, Why is it necessary to build a sand road in Horqin Sandy Land.<br /> <br /> In the exchange, Feng Shuxin gave me a lot of information, so I listened attentively. Through his words, the information was directly connected to the land and integrated with the reality, as if geese are flying, landing on the ground, and new greenery growing at the same time. Therefore, in the above narration, I can no longer recall other things that both specific and abstract anymore. For example, the background, time and content of a series of poverty alleviation documents issued by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council; Various indicators, poverty rate, poverty alleviation rate, per capita income of poor households, and income of poor households through participating in photovoltaic poverty alleviation; Facility in agriculture -- how many greenhouses, how many hectares of dry land, what kinds of fruits and vegetables are planted in the greenhouses, how many crops can be harvested a year, when to raise seedlings, when to pick, the amount of drip irrigation, and the temperature of sunshine; Breeding industry -- how many cattle and sheep are there in general farmers and herdsmen, how many cattle and sheep are there in each flag, the difference between Du Bo sheep and Hu sheep, including the characteristics of varieties and adaptability requirements... Also, the relationship between the northern mountains of Chifeng and the Great Xing'an Mountains, the relationship between the southern mountains and Yanshan, hours of sunshine, the number of frost free days, as well as the characteristics of Aohan millet and Maomao millet in Balin Zuoqi, and the reason why the pears in Ningcheng are widely popular in the Beijing market, Why is it necessary to build a sand road in Horqin Sandy Land.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 覃诗雅 Qin Shiya ====<br /> 冯树鑫的讲述让我的脑海浮动起这个词组——扶贫辞典。一片九万余平方公里的大地，已然被植入了这本辞典，也植入了这个人的生命，这不仅是一种牢不可破的记忆，更是日益成长的情怀，或者说，他已经习惯了用一个数字挂怀一群人的冷暖，用一种理念修改捉襟见肘的往事，这一切他能够脱口而出，自然如一个人的呼吸和气质，当然，我们也可以视之为职责的硕果。冯树鑫用简短精准的语言，讲述了赤峰市扶贫的历程和成就，正如我的想象，这棵树的主干和枝干，已经高大茁壮，而枝头上累累的果实和花叶，已经无需细说，当我在赤峰的十二个旗县区行走之际，脱贫攻坚成果已经装满了我的视野。各级党委政府通过扶贫办，在中国大地之上，栽下了一株株希望的树苗，冯树鑫就是红山脚下的一个日以继夜的守林人。此时，冯树鑫高高举起的手掌，正是一个美好的譬喻，赤峰扶贫之树生机勃勃，与未来的社会主义新农村振兴一起迎来无限春光。<br /> <br /> There is one phrase float in my mind when I heard Feng Shuxin’s narration—Dictionary of Poverty Alleviation. A land of more than 90,000 square kilometers has been implanted in it, as well as in the life of this person, which is not only an unforgettable memory, but also an increasingly growing sentiment. Or rather, he has been accustomed to using a number to hang a group of people’s living actuality, and taking a philosophy to modify the unbearable past, all of which he can blurt out naturally as breath or temperament. Of course, we can also see it as the achievement of duty. In short and precise language, Feng Shuxin told about the experience and achievements of poverty alleviation in Chifeng. As I imagined, the main trunk and branches of this tree, the task of poverty alleviation, have been very tall and strong, furthermore, the luxuriant fruits, flowers and leaves have not need to be detailed. When I walked in the twelve areas of Chifeng, the results of poverty eradication have been loaded with my vision.Through the Poverty Alleviation Office, party committees and governments at all level have planted saplings of hope on the land. And Feng Shuxin is the forest keeper day and night at the foot of the Red Mountain. At this moment, he raised his palm, which is a nice metaphor—the vibrant tree of poverty alleviation will usher in infinite spring together with the future revitalization of the new socialist countryside.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 卿子晔 Qing Ziye ====<br /> 现在轮到我发问了。据我所知，全国目前有七个国家扶贫改革试验区，西部只有赤峰一个，我很想知道国务院批准赤峰国家扶贫改革试验区的背景，也想知道，赤峰下一步推进试验区工作中的思路。 <br /> 冯树鑫的话仍然简捷精准。他说，过去国家批准的六个扶贫改革试验区，为全国提供了模式和样板，是非常成功的。 赤峰能够成为国家扶贫改革试验区，一是赤峰扶贫规模较大，二是国家和自治区对赤峰这几年扶贫工作给予肯定，这对我们来说，是鼓励也是鞭策。我们考虑到脱贫攻坚阶段性胜利以后，国家对贫困地区的支持将会有新的变化，资金和人力不可能总是这样集中投入，工作队也不可能长期驻村。那么如何巩固脱贫攻坚的的成果，使其永续发展，就是一个新课题。我们市委、政府向国务院扶贫办上报的五年规划，围绕着巩固脱贫攻坚成果、创新扶贫架构新模式、建立确保贫困人口脱贫后永不返贫、总结脱贫攻坚经验向下一步乡村振兴过渡，建立返贫保障基金，使用保险检测途经掌握返贫迹象及时跟踪扶助，调剂出一千多个乡镇事业编制，用于嘎查村，实施乡编村用，将有培养前途的大学生，先派到村里锻炼，放下去，再提上来，形成人才良性循环机制等课题，形成了具体实施方案。<br /> <br /> Now it was my turn to raise a question. As far as I concerned, there were seven Reform Pilot Areas for Poverty Alleviation with only one in the western – Chifeng. I wondered about the background in the State Council’s permission of construction of Chifeng Reform Pilot Area for Poverty Alleviation as well as the ideas of Chifeng’s plan for its next progress.<br /> <br /> Feng Shuxin answered it briefly and concisely, “The six already-permitted pilots areas have provided all counties models and examples, and they are great successes. The reason why Chifeng can be approved as a Reform Pilot Area for Poverty Alleviation lies on two points. One is the large scale of our poverty-alleviation, and the other one is the recognition of our country and municipality for our anti-poverty achievements in recent years, which is both an encouragement and a spur for us. After making an initial victory of poverty-alleviation, the national support strategy for poverty-stricken areas may change because the investment and manpower can’t always concentrate on here and the work teams can’t always stay here. Considering that, there is a new task for us to consolidate the gains already made before and achieve consistent progress. The five-year plan reported by our municipal party committee and government to the Poverty Alleviation Office of the State Council revolves around consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation, innovating new models of poverty alleviation structure, ensuring no return to poverty, summing up the experience of poverty alleviation and transiting to the next step of rural revitalization. establishing a security fund in case of returning to poverty, tracking the poverty-return signs and provide timely support with insurance testing. Moreover, more than 1,000 township institutions will be allocated for Gacha village to create its budgeted posts in the name of township. Then we can train promising college students by first sending them to the village for exercise, then give them promotion after the training, which forms various tasks of virtuous circles of talent-raising mechanism and conducts a specific implementation plan.”<br /> <br /> Now it was my turn to ask him. As I knew, there were seven Reform Pilot Areas for Poverty Alleviation with only one in the western – Chifeng. I wondered about the background in the State Council’s permission of construction of Chifeng Reform Pilot Area for Poverty Alleviation as well as the ideas of Chifeng’s plan for its next progress.<br /> <br /> Feng Shuxin answered it briefly and accurately, “The six already-permitted pilots areas have provided all counties models and examples, and they are great successes. The reason why Chifeng can be approved as a Reform Pilot Area for Poverty Alleviation lies on two points. One is the large scale of our poverty-alleviation, and the other one is the recognition of our country and municipality for our anti-poverty achievements in recent years, which is both an encouragement and a spur for us. After making an initial victory of poverty-alleviation, the national support strategy for poverty-stricken areas may change because the investment and manpower can’t always concentrate on here and the work teams can’t always stay here. Considering there is a new task for us to consolidate the gains already made before and achieve consistent progress. The five-year plan reported by our municipal party committee and government to the Poverty Alleviation Office of the State Council revolves around consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation, innovating new models of poverty alleviation structure, ensuring no return to poverty, summing up the experience of poverty alleviation and transiting to the next step of rural revitalization. establishing a security fund in case of returning to poverty, tracking the poverty-return signs and provide timely support with insurance testing. Moreover, more than 1,000 township institutions will be allocated for Gacha village to create its budgeted posts in the name of township. Then we can train promising college students by first sending them to the village for exercise, then give them promotion after the training, which forms various tasks of virtuous circles of talent-raising mechanism and conducts a specific implementation plan.”<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 仇绪 Qiu Xu====<br /> 接着，我把自己采访中一直忧虑的两个问题一并提出来，请教冯主任。我说的直接，甚至有点尖锐。第一，赤峰境内水资源紧张，很多河流面临干涸，地下水的保有量不容乐观，现在设施农业铺满大地，工业用水，生活用水，体量超大，未来怎么办？冯主任似乎有点意外，却是从容不迫：“绿水青山就是金山银山，生态保护必然带来水资源情况的好转，保护水资源，发展节水农业已经是刻不容缓。”<br /> 我的第二个问题是，现在年轻人都纷纷离开农村，我看到的贫困户，大多是中老年人，他们脱贫了，但是二十年之后农村怎么办？ 冯主任的回答是：“乡村振兴了，年轻人就有了用武之地，还愁没人回来？”显然，这个坚守在扶贫发展第一线的操盘手，每天思考的不仅仅是今天，他抗在肩上的还有沉甸甸的美丽明天。<br /> Then I put up two questions about which I was concerned in my interview to be answered by Feng, the chief leader, in a direct way, even sort of sharp. First, Chi Feng faces a scarce situation of water resource, leaving quite a number of rivers dried, which leads to undesirable fact of insufficient underground water storage. Since agricultural facilities now cover the entire area, there is a huge demand for water in industry and life. What will you do in the future? Feng was a little amazed at my questions but answered with poise, &quot;The green rivers and mountains are invaluable assets for us. Ecological protection must bring a good turn for water resource. The current situation allows no hesitation for water conservation and developing water-saved agriculture.&quot; The second question is that now young people leave their villages and most of poverty-stricken families are middle or old ages, so what should those villages do in twenties years later even though the middle or old ages get out of poverty now? Feng gave his answer, &quot;If villages have been revitalized, young generations can easily find a job, so we won't worry about that.&quot; Obviously, this administrator, who perseveres with his duty in poverty alleviation front, considers not only today but also a wonderful tomorrow shouldered by him.<br /> <br /> <br /> Then I put up two questions about which I had always been concerned in my interview to be answered by Feng, the chief leader, in a direct way, even sort of sharp. First, Chi Feng faces a situation of water resource, leaving quite a number of rivers dried, which leads to undesirable fact of insufficient underground water storage. Since agricultural facilities now can be found everywhere in this area, there is a huge demand for water in industry and our daily life. Will we have enough water in the future? Feng was a little amazed at my questions but answered with poise, &quot;The lucids water and lush mountains are invaluable assets. Ecological protection will inevitably bring a good turn for water resource. The current situation allows no hesitation for water conservation and developing water-saved agriculture.&quot; The second question is that now young people leave their villages and most of poverty-stricken families are middle-aged or elderly people, so what should those villages do in twenties years later even though they get out of poverty now? Feng gave his answer, &quot;If villages have been revitalized, young generations can easily find a job, so, at that time, there is no need for us to worry about that.&quot; Obviously, this administrator, who perseveres with his duty in poverty alleviation front, considers not only today but also a wonderful tomorrow shouldered by him.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman ====<br /> 第三个问题——赤峰扶贫发展工作屡创佳绩，硕果累累，好政策大背景是关键，人的因素也很关键，赤峰的干部群众做事锲而不舍，其文化底蕴是什么？冯主任也是寥寥几句话，就说到了点子上：“游牧文化和农耕文化在这里汇集融合，形成了带有合金品质的移民文化，显示出攻坚克难，互相竞争的文化习性。”<br /> 我提出了最后一个问题——能告诉我，你个人在在这项伟大的扶贫工程中具体发挥了什么作用吗？<br /> 冯树鑫主任说，我呀，我只是做了应该做的一点事儿，就不用写了。<br /> 后来，在诸多工作总结和新闻报道材料种，我找到了冯主任尽职尽责的足迹。<br /> <br /> The third question - Chifeng's poverty alleviation has achieved many good results. The good policy background holds the key. On top of that, the human factor is also critical. What is the cultural connotation of Chifeng's cadres and masses who are persistent in doing things? Director Feng just said in a few words to the point: &quot;nomadic culture and farming culture converge and fuse here, thus forming an immigration culture with alloy quality, which shows the cultural habit of overcoming difficulties and competing with each other.&quot; I put forward my last question - can you tell me what specific role you have played in this great poverty alleviation project? Director Feng Shuxin said, &quot;I just did a little bit of what I should do, so there is no need to be recorded.&quot;. Later, in many work summaries and news reports, I found much evidence of Director Feng's dedication.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 疏珊 Shu Shan ====<br /> 冯主任作为全市脱贫攻坚指挥部的“参谋长”，胸中有全局，持之以恒地把扶贫政策融入自己时刻的思考和追求，也努力让自己对当地的地理人文历史了然于心，为全方位熟悉工作，他率团先后到四川、贵州、甘肃、山东等地学习先进经验，也走遍了全市八百七十一个建档立卡贫困嘎查村，以多种方法，提升自己，面向基层，贴近实际，让自己立于新时代潮头，拥有新思维，不断推出新创意。他积极引导各旗县探索园区化产业扶贫模式，形成了“扶贫产业园区化、规模化，扶贫对象合作化、组织化，扶贫资金资本化、权益化，他先后在全市探索了产业园区扶贫模式、金融扶贫模式、易地扶贫搬迁+扶贫模式等一系列创新做法，成为全自治区扶贫工作创新的样板，也为赤峰市成为国家在西部地区设立的首个扶贫改革试验区，发挥了不可替代的作用。<br /> <br /> <br /> As the &quot;Chief of Staff&quot; of the city's Poverty Alleviation Command, director Feng thinks in big picture. For example, he persistently incorporates poverty alleviation policies into his thinking and pursuits at all times and makes himself familiar with the local geography and humanity history. In order to be familiar with the work in all aspects, he leads delegations to Sichuan, Guizhou, Gansu, Shandong and other places to learn advanced experiences. He also went to the city's eight hundred and seventy-one poor villages that were registered and files were created in the national poverty alleviation information system. He tries, in various ways, to improve himself, and gets closer to people at the grassroots, so that he can ride the tide of the new era with new thinking, and creative ideas. He has actively guided counties to explore the poverty alleviation model of the industrial parks, making industrial parks more and large, targets cooperative and organizational, funds capitalized and beneficial. A series of innovative practices in the city has been explored to alleviate poverty such as the industrial park model, financial model, relocation + poverty alleviation model, setting an example of innovative poverty alleviation work in the autonomous region. He has also played an irreplaceable role in making Chifeng the first national pilot zone for poverty alleviation reform in the western region.<br /> <br /> <br /> As the &quot;Chief of Staff&quot; of the city's Poverty Alleviation Headquarters, director Feng thinks in big picture. For example, he persistently incorporates poverty alleviation policies into his thinking and pursuits at all times and makes himself familiar with the local geography and humanity history. In order to be familiar with the work in all aspects, he leads delegations to many cities including Sichuan, Guizhou, Gansu, Shandong and other places to learn advanced experiences. He also went to the city's eight hundred and seventy-one poor villages that were registered and files were created in the national poverty alleviation information system. He tries, in various ways, to improve himself, and gets closer to people at the grassroots, so that he can ride the tide of the new era with new thinking, and creative ideas. He has actively guided counties to explore poverty alleviation model of industrial parks, scaling up industrial parks, organizing and cooperating with recipients of poverty reduction and capitalizing Poverty alleviation funds.He has tried a series of innovative mode of poverty alleviation by buildings industrial parks, financial poverty alleviation, poverty alleviation relocation, setting an example of innovative poverty alleviation work in the autonomous region. He has also played an irreplaceable role in making Chifeng the first national pilot zone for poverty alleviation reform in the western region.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 王芳玲 Wang Fangling ====<br /> 新时代的领导干部是一种智慧型的劳动者，可上大雅之堂，可下田野乡村，而基层的扶贫办主任应该是个怎样的角色呢？我理解，他不必一身泥土，不必两手老茧 ，但是一定要有一脑袋现代思维，一腔子爱民之情，一股子永不退怯的奋斗精神，还要有一以贯之的学习钻研精神，他是政府的智囊，老百姓的亲人，社会各界召集人，如今当赤峰乡村振兴的蓝图在眼前打开，作为扶贫办主任冯树鑫第一个执笔，第一个操盘，他日以继夜，目不转睛，大脑飞转 ……<br /> <br /> Officials in new era are intellectual labors who can work at offices as well as fields.What kind of role should a grassroot leader in Office of Poverty Alleviation and Development play? In my eyes, he, needless to have callused hands or be covered with dirt because of field work, must be equipped with modern way of thinking, compassion for people, resilience and constant learning ability. As a think tank for the government, he is a relative of people and a bond of people from all walks of life. When the blueprints of rural vitalization unfolds in Chifeng, Feng Shuxin, the leader of the Office of Poverty Alleviation and Development, is the first person to hold the pen and draw a stroke on it. He works day and night, fully devoting himself to it and racking the brain for it.<br /> <br /> Officials in new era are intellectual labors who can work at offices as well as fields. What kind of role should a grassroot leader in Office of Poverty Alleviation and Development play? In my eyes, he, needless to have calloused hands or be covered with dirt because of field work, must be equipped with modern way of thinking, compassion for people, resilience and constant learning ability. As a think tank for the government, he is close to people and a bond of people from all walks of life. When the blueprints for rural vitalization unfolds in Chifeng, Feng Shuxin, the leader of the Office of Poverty Alleviation and Development, is the first person to hold the pen and draw a stroke on it. He works day and night, fully devoting himself to it and racking the brain for it.<br /> <br /> == Part 17 ==<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 王露 Wang Lu ====<br /> 西沟村的郝彦波<br /> 内蒙古赤峰市喀喇沁旗地处燕山山脉和大兴安岭山脉之间的丘陵草原，春季风大干燥，夏季多雨高温，适合种植沙参、黄芪、防风、桔梗等中草药。这里有个西沟村，出了个淇艺机械有限责任公司，已经成为国内中草药种植机械产业脱贫的领衔企业。<br /> 淇艺的老板叫郝彦波。三十六七岁，个子不高，身子略显单薄。外貌别无特殊，唯两只不大的眼睛炯炯有神。<br /> 说起扶贫的事情，他说没别的，就靠机器。<br /> Hao Yanbi from Xigou Village<br /> Harqin Banner,Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is located in the hilly grassland between Yanshan Mountain and Greater Khingan Mountains. In spring, there is high and dry wind; in summer, it’ rainy and hot. Therefore, the area is suitable for the growth of Chinese herbal medicine like adenophora stricta, astragalus membranaceu, saposhnikovia divaricata, platycodon grandiflorus. There is a village called Xigou, which the leading enterprise of Chinese herbal medicine planting machinery industry in China, Qiyi Machinery limited liability company is from. The boss of this company is Hao Yanbo, who is about thirty-six years old, not tall but thin. He has common appearance with small but bright piercing eyes. When talking about poverty relief, he held the opinion that there is no way but relying on the machine.<br /> <br /> Hao Yanbi from Xigou Village<br /> Kalaqin Banner, Chifeng City of Inner Mongolia, is located in the hilly grassland between Yanshan Mountains and Daxinganling Mountains. It is windy and dry in spring while rainy and hot in summer, which is suitable for planting Chinese herbal medicines such as Radix Ginseng, Radix Astragali, Fangfeng, Platycodon grandiflorum and so on. There is a village called Xigou, where there is a Qiyi Machinery limited liability company that has become the leading enterprise for poverty alleviation in domestic Chinese herbal medicine planting machinery industry. The boss of Qiyi is Hao Yanbo, about thirty-six years old, not tall and thin. There is nothing special in his appearance, except for the sparkle of two small eyes. Speaking of poverty alleviation, he said that there was nothing else to rely on but machines.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 王琪 Wang Qi ====<br /> 一<br /> <br /> 眼前是一片药田。九月，到了收获的时候，防风的秧子绿着，却蔫倒了；沙参的秧子枯黄，即将化为泥土的一部分。季节不等人，种植的药材不及时挖出来，根茎就会变黑腐烂。父母眼巴巴盼了二年的收益，就会鸡飞蛋打。药田是自己家的，也就两亩地大小。<br /> 郝彦波把肩头的五齿叉子放下来，在药秧根部附近插下去。<br /> 原来挖药这事儿，并不好玩。土地坚硬，沙参的根茎扎在地里六十五公分，他一只脚踩下去，叉子只入土二十公分，他两只脚上踩去，倾尽整个身子的重力，又使劲顿了顿，六十五公的叉子深入土层；土又沉又硬，他憋了个大红脸，才算把叉子撅出来。就这样，一叉子挖掘出几根药茎，他义无反顾地挖掘了一整天，直到最后一丝残阳消失，手上的水泡磨破出血，汗水和泥土把脸涂成了黑盔，仅挖完了不足一分地。他直起身来一看，暮色中，这药田怎么这么大呀，何年何月才能挖到头啊。<br /> Chapter One<br /> In front of him is a medicinal field. In September,the harvesting time, the seedlings of Fangfeng are still green but all wilted down; seedlings of the Adenophora stricta are withered and about to break down into soil. If the planted herbs couldn't be dug up in time, their rhizomes would turn black and rot, and the earnings his parents have been eagerly looking forward for two years woule be an empty dream. The medicinal field belongs to their own,no more than two acres in size.<br /> Hao Yanbo put down the five-tined fork on his shoulder and inserted it near the root of the medicine seedlings.<br /> It turns out that digging medicine is no fun at all. The land was hard, and the rhizome of Adenophora stricta was rooted in the ground for sixty-five centimeters, while the fork can only stick into the soil for twenty centimeters.Hence he stepped up on both feet, leaning on the fork with all his strength and stepping down hard again, and the 65-kilogram fork has finally inserted into the deep soil. The ground was so solid that he exerted all the strength to pull the fork out with face fushing out of breath. In this way,the fork could only bring out a few stems at a time. He dedicated in digging all day until the last sunset disappeared, and the blisters on his hands were all worn and bleeding, his face was blackened with sweat and mud mixed up.Even after all this tough work, he had only finished the work of less than one tenth of an acre. He straightened up to watch the medicine field.In the twilight, this fild looked so broad that he can never imagine when he can get the digging work done.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 汪世博 Wang Shibo ====<br /> 那一年郝彦波十七岁，高中还没毕业。他是西沟村一个农民的独生子，从小生得单薄，个头也矮，在人堆里不算打眼。虽然家里缺衣少食，但郝彦波不缺爱，父母把他当做掌中之宝，但凡他提出一点要求，父母再难也要变着法地满足他。四五岁的时候，父亲就看出来一些端倪了，这孩子看电视上的变形金刚，两眼直直的，给他个粘豆包都不动；后来大一点儿，他就把家里好好的座钟给拆了，父亲进了屋，儿子连头都没抬，他坐在屋地上，裤子沾满尘土，旁边是按照顺序摆放的座钟零件，时针、秒针、发条、齿轮、钟摆，他全神贯注，抻着小脖子，要把拆散架子的钟，重新装好，可是怎么使劲也装不起来…… 父亲拍拍他的脑袋，一句责怪都没有。父亲认为儿子念书好，门门功课都不差，跟他从小喜欢动手动脑有关。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 王雅姝 Wang Yashu ====<br /> 上了中学，郝彦波被推选参加全市的数学竞赛，到了赤峰考场，他早早答完了题，看到有些小错误，也不改，交了卷子，就忙三迭四地退场，去看城建工地的大塔吊了。不过他最后的成绩还不错。父亲在村委会门前很谦虚地告诉村干部——一般一般，赤峰第三。<br /> 考学！儿子一定行！和千千万万个农村孩子的爹娘一样，他们认准了考学是后代摆脱贫困的唯一途径。父亲收废品，母亲打零工，省吃俭用，今天二十一元，明天十五块五角，把挣到的钱，一点点地往银行存。聪明的儿子给了他们盼头，当爹妈的半夜醒来想想就乐。<br /> 就在这时候的某一天，郝彦波的堂哥死了。那是一个身强力壮的小伙子，每天在地里中挖药，喀喇沁的秋天寒风刺骨，他总是累得一身大汗，于是光着膀子干，不一会儿就渴得嗓子冒火了，捧起身边的凉水就喝，抓起个凉馒头就吃，结果伤了肺，送到医院，人已经没了气息。<br /> <br /> During the middle school, Hao Yanbo was once selected to participate in a city-level math competition. At the examination center in Chifeng, he finished his exam paper within a short time, checked it roughly and then handed it in without correcting several small mistakes, because he was raring to go to see the large tower crane in the city's building site. Even so, he received good results in the exam. <br /> &quot;My son's performance didn't rate a mention. He just got the third place.&quot; His father said to the officials at the gate of the Village Committee, proudly and modestly. Indeed, Hao's parents had strong faith in their son in terms of school study, and, like the tens of thousands of other rural parents, they firmly believed that going to higher-educational institutions through examination is the only way for their children to shake off poverty. <br /> In that expectation, the two parents skimped on food and other necessities. The father collected scraps and sold them, and the mother did part-time jobs. Twenty-one yuan of this day, ten and a half yuan of another day, they were banking money little by little. Their intelligent son gave them hopes of future which are even more sweet than midnight dreams.<br /> When everything seemed to go well, Hao's elder cousin died one day. The young man had been robust, digging for medicine herbs every day. It was in Autumn when chilly wind swept across Kalaqin. The guy was digging hard and thus sweating heavily, so he took off clothes on the upper body. After working for a while, he felt really thirsty and hungry, but there were only cold water and cold steamed bread near him, so he directly ate them. All these things he did damaged his lung. When he was sent to the hospital, he had already passed away.<br /> <br /> During middle school, Hao Yanbo was once selected to participate in a city-level math competition. At the exam room in Chifeng, he finished his exam paper early and then handed it in, leaving several small mistakes behind, because he was raring to go to see the large tower crane on the construction site. Even so, he received good results in the exam. &quot;Nothing, nothing. He just got the third place.&quot; His father humble bragged to the officials at the gate of the village committee. Indeed, Hao's parents had a strong faith in their son’s studies. Like millions of rural parents, they firmly believed that their children’s only way to shake off poverty was to further their studies through exams. In that expectation, the parents tightened their belts. The father chose to be a junk dealer and the mother day labor. They earned twenty-one yuan on this day, ten and a half yuan on another day, which was put in bank little by little. Their intelligent son gave them hopes of future that were even sweeter than midnight dreams. When everything seemed to go well, Hao's elder cousin died one day. The robust young man dug medicinal herbs every day. It was in autumn when the chilly wind swept across Kharchin. The guy was digging hard and thus sweating heavily, so he took off clothes on his upper body. After working for a while, his throat was parched, but there were only cold water and cold steamed bread near him, so he directly ate them. All these things he did led to lung damage. When he was sent to the hospital, he had already passed away.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 伍超穎 Wu Chaoying ====<br /> 郝彦波放学回家，把书包往炕上一推，说，我不想念了，我得回家帮你们干活。<br /> 父亲说——你、你不是想当工程师吗？<br /> 父亲窝火，却舍不得说儿子一句。<br /> 母亲傻了。她说，儿啊，力气活儿你打小就没干过，不是逞能的事儿。 <br /> 郝彦波不吱声。<br /> 父母沉默一夜，第二天一早，把药叉子递到了儿子手中。他们觉得，让儿子体验体验也好，他知道了脸朝黄土背朝天的劳作是啥滋味，就会把手里的药叉子一丢，重新背上书包回学校。<br /> 没想到，儿子把手藏在手套里，不给父母看。他每天照常挖药，还抽空到舅舅的拖拉机跟前转来转去，晚上也不睡觉，点灯熬油地画一张图。地里的药材还没有挖完，郝彦波手里的自动挖药机草图已经改了好几遍。<br /> <br /> Hao Yanbo came home from school, pushed his school bag to the kang (a heatable brick bed in North China), and said, “I don’t want to continue my studies. I want to help you work at home.” His father was surprised, “You, uh, don’t you want to be an engineer?” The father was angry, but could not say a cross word to his son. And his mother was frozen. “My boy, physical work you have not done since childhood. Don’t act big,” she said. Hao Yanbo did not answer. His parents kept silent all night and handed their son a fork to dig for medicinal herbs the next morning. They had thought it may be a good choice to let their son experience working. When he knew what it was like to throw himself into farming, he would drop the fork and turn to studies. They had not expected that their son would hide his hands in his gloves to prevent them from looking. He dug medicinal herbs every day and took time to study how his uncle’s tractor operated. And he burned all the midnight oil to draw a sketch. Before Hao Yanbo finished digging the medicinal herbs in the field, he had modified the sketch of the automatic herbs-digger several times.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 吴敏 Wu Min ====<br /> 其实郝彦波在挖药的第一天，就萌生了发明个机器的想法——可不能再出第二个堂兄了，为什么喀喇沁四十年的种药史就不能改一改呢？他把手里的图纸，在父母面前展开，说不采用机械化，咱们十里八乡种药材的农民，永远熬不出头。我做一台挖药机，给你们看看中不中？<br /> 父亲领他到废品收购站，收寻回一堆旧机械零件，旧焊条，他说爹也就这点能力了。母亲没说啥，翻箱倒柜，拿出了家里仅有的二百多元钱，接过了儿子手里的药叉子。年幼的郝彦波满心都是梦想中的机器，并没有发现母亲眼中隐隐的泪水。<br /> 郝家的院子响起了金属的撞击声，村里的二婶儿三叔七姑四舅过来看热闹，他们一出了院，就开始七嘴八舌——这孩子，真是不知天多高地多厚，你个毛孩子能发明挖药机，赤峰城里的那些能人还活不活了？这两口子太惯孩子，非惯出个败家子不可……<br /> <br /> In fact, on the first day of digging herbs, Hao Yanbo came up with the idea of inventing a machine-- there can be no elder cousin like this. Why couldn’t the 40-year history of Harqin herb-planting be changed? He unfolded the drawing in front of his parents, saying that without mechanization, we farmers growing medicinal materials in the neighborhood would never see daylight. I'll make a herb-digging machine and show you if it is right? His father took him to the scalvage station to retrieve a pile of old mechanical parts and welding rods. He said that was all he could do. The mother didn’t say anything, rummaged through the cabinet, took out the only 200 yuan at home, and took over the medicine fork in her son's hand. The young Hao Yanbo was full of dream machines and did not find the hidden tears in his mother's eyes. There was a metal crash in Hao's yard, and the second aunt, third aunt, seventh aunt and fourth uncle in the village came to watch the hustle and bustle. As soon as they got out of the courtyard, they began to talk-- this boy, really don't know how high the sky is and how thick the ground is. You little brat can invent a medicine digging machine? are those talented people in Chifeng City still live? The couple spoiled their children so much that he must be the black sheep of the family.<br /> <br /> <br /> In fact, on the first day of digging herbs, Hao Yanbo came up with the idea of inventing a machine-- The tragedy of his elder cousin couldn't happen again. Why hadn’t anyone change the 40-years history of herb-planting in Karaqin?? He unfolded the design drawing in front of his parents, saying that without mechanization, we farmers growing medicinal materials in the village would never be able to live a better-off life. “Now I’ll make a herb-digging machine by myself, would you support me?” he asked. His father took him to the recycling station to retrieve a pile of old mechanical parts and welding rods. He said that was all he could do. His mother didn't complain about anything. Rummaging the boxes and chests, she took out the only 200 yuan in their home, taking the tools from her son's hand to undertake the work of digging herbs. When young, He Yanbo occupied himself with the dream of creating the machine, ignoring shimmered tears in her mother’s eyes. The metal crash blasted out from their yard. Hearing it, his aunts and uncles from the village came to watch the fun. As soon as they got out of the courtyard, they began to discuss it-- this boy, really has a high opinion of his capabilities. If he can create the machine, how like the highly skilled workers in the city of Chifeng also being able to live. The couple was so doting that their son would become a good-for-nothing…<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 全永慧 Quan Yonghui ====<br /> 闲言碎语一说就是十四年。从最初设计出第一台样机，到建立工厂成批量生产，到工厂的系列产品在国内和俄罗斯被广泛使用，再到淇艺挖药机产业成为中药种植领域的龙头企业，郝彦波苦苦学习了十四年，整整奋斗了十四年。要把这个图纸上的机器制造出来，并且付诸试验，需要钱，用以交电费、买材料、买工具、更重要的是要买专业书。从机械动力原理，到设计图纸绘制，郝彦波是先下海，后学游泳。他还需一台拖拉机，用来牵引挖药机，在药田里走动作业。<br /> 钱不好借，亲戚朋友认为拿出去的钱等于打水漂。母亲给人家陪着笑脸，二十三十地借一点，然后细细地花在刀刃上，她也是心里不落底，生怕拉下饥荒。拖拉机，大舅的家里有一台，大舅喜欢机械，也喜欢这个爱鼓捣机械的外甥。可是姥爷不准许，郝彦波央求了几次，姥爷说你给你大舅鼓捣坏了，谁花钱修？<br /> 郝彦波至今未抱怨过姥爷，他懂那种家家缺钱的生活。好在不久姥爷外出，大舅立马把拖拉机给郝彦波开来了，还带来了一台电焊机。<br /> <br /> The gossips about it lasted for 14 years.From the first prototype machine designed by himself， to mass production of the machines manufactured by his own factory, to a range of products widely applied in the domestic markets and those of Russia, Hao Yanbo had spent almost 14 years studying　them hard and struggling for the success. By doing so, he led his Qi Yi herbs-digging machine company to become a giant in the planting industry of the Traditional Chinese herbal medicine.From the beginning, to create the machine from the drawing and apply it into practice, Hao Yanbo needed a large sum of money for the electricity fees, materials, tools, more importantly the professional books. From the principles of mechanical power to the drawing of machine design, he learned them from the scratch just like jumping into the water first and practicing swimming later. He also lacked a tractor to pull the herbs-digging machine when operating in the herb-clad field.<br /> <br /> Needless to say, it was quite difficult to borrow money from others since all of his relatives and friends thought their money would come to naught, never to return.On that occasion his mother had to borrow money 20 yuan or 30 yuan form them little by little and met their rudeness with a flattering smile.<br /> Then she spent their money where it counted the most carefully, since she in the mind was deeply afraid of being heavily in debt. Luckily, his elder uncle had just a tractor he in want of. And his uncle liked machines, so too his nephew who also liked fiddling with machines. However, his grandfather didn’t allow him to do so, though He Yanbo had implored several times. His grandfather told him that had it been broken, who would pay for it?Even so, Hao Yanbo never complained about it, as he understood the situation that every household lacked money. Fortunately, when his grandfather went out, his uncle brought him the tractor right away and an electric welder as well.<br /> <br /> The gossips about it lasted for 14 years. From the designation of the first phototype machine, to realizing mass production in his own factory, and then making its serial production used widely both across our nation and Russia till made Qi Yi herb-digging machine a leading industry in TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) plantation field, Hao Yanbo had devoted himself in study and fought for this aim all together 14 years. It’s costly to bring machine out of paper and put it into use for paying electric bills, fees on material and tools and all the more important for the professional books to buy. From the principles of mechanical power to drawing of the design paper, Hao Yanbo learnt all that from actual practice just like a man dumps into the sea to learn to swim. With all that prepared, he still lacked a tractor to pull the herb-digging machine to work in the herb field. <br /> <br /> Needless to say, money was hard to borrow since all his relatives and friends believed the money would go down the drain. His mother could do nothing but help him to borrow little by little, in twenty or thirty yuan with a flattering face and then spent the money carefully on where was neediest. But she was still worried that their family would suffer from hunger later. Actually, His elder uncle had a tractor for he was a fan of machine and he also liked this nephew who shared the same hobby with him but his grandpa refused to lend this machine to Hao Yanbo though he had begged for it for several times, saying, who would pay to repair if you broke this tractor? However, even till now Hao Yanbo had never born a grudge against his grandpa because he knew well the destitute life every household led. Fortunately, not long before his grandpa left, so taking this chance, his uncle lent him the tractor right away with an electric welder together.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 席书涵 Xi Shuhan====<br /> 年轻的郝彦波，洗干净头脸，换上了母亲洗干净的体恤衫，高兴得像花儿遇到春风，那一刻真的没想什么天多高地多厚，他的眼睛里只有一幅画——家家户户的地里都有挖药机在工作，那些长着须毛的沙参和黄芪，从土里露出白生生的根茎，就像胖娃娃从梦中醒来，打个滚儿，跳进了柳条筐，一筐筐的药材上了汽车，摇身一变，就变成一件暖蓬蓬的羽绒服、一条大红色的羊毛围巾，变成一座瓦房铁栅的院落，门前有一辆簇新的摩托，门旁有一大片猪舍鸡圈，猪探出肥肥的头，鸡脚下是一颗颗洁白的蛋，这是他的梦，梦中有给父母的礼物，有自己未来的家，有美丽的西沟村……二婶三叔七姑四舅你们闭嘴吧，我的美梦即将成真，新闻发布会就要开始了！<br /> <br /> Hao Yanbo, the young man, washed both his head and face clean, put on a T-shirt freshly-laundered by his mother and was as delighted as a flower bathed in the spring breeze. At that moment, he had no inkling of how cruel the reality is and all he could see is a pleasant picture where every household have their herb-digging machine working in the land; Adenophora stricta and Radix astragali with long cirrus grow from the earth, exposing their white tender tuber in the air, just like chubby babies wake up from their dream, and with a roll, they jump into the willow baskets, which are then loaded on a truck; in a blink of eye, they change into a duck jacket, a red woollen scarf, an iron-fenced courtyard with a tile-roofed house, in front of which stops a brand new motorcycle and by the gate of which sets a large pigsty and a chicken coup where pigs peep their heads and under the chicken feet lay several pure white eggs. That’s his beautiful dream in which there are his gifts for his parents, his future home, and the scenic Xi Gou village…, you aunties and uncles shut up your mouth, my beautiful dream is all about to come true, the news press is going to start!<br /> <br /> Hao Yanbo, the young man, washed both his head and face clean, put on a T-shirt freshly-laundered by his mother and was as delighted as a flower bathed in the spring breeze. At that moment, he had no inkling of how cruel the reality is and all he could see is a pleasant picture where every household have their herb-digging machine working in the land; Adenophora stricta and Radix astragali with long cirrus grow from the earth, exposing their white tender tuber in the air, just like chubby babies who wake up from their dream, and with a roll, they jump into the willow baskets, which are then loaded on a truck; in a blink of eye, they change into a duck jacket, a red woollen scarf, an iron-fenced courtyard with a tile-roofed house, in front of which stops a brand new motorcycle and by the gate of which sets a large pigsty and a chicken coup where pigs peep their heads and under the chicken feet lay several pure white eggs. That’s his beautiful dream in which there are his gifts for his parents, his future home, and the scenic Xi Gou village…, you aunties and uncles shut up their mouth. My beautiful dream is all about to come true. The news press is going to start!<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen ====<br /> 然而，没有哪匹马能一步跨过大草原，现实就是这么不给面子。在自家的药田里，郝彦波的处女作开始操作，挖药的叉子插入了泥土，第一次，挖出了几棵断根的药材，到了第二下，机器发出了异样的响声，接着，力臂失控，车身散架，这个完全没有参照物，全凭一个青年人的想象力设计、使用废铜烂铁制造的器物，在众目睽睽之下倒了下去。<br /> 失败难道就不是财富吗？此后，郝彦波废寝忘食，在失败中寻找成功的因子。这台雏鸟般的机器，幼稚的地方太多，他一丝不苟，一一打磨，慢慢地找到了主要矛盾——液压油缸不过关，他换材料，换油封，经过上百次试验，改进了液压油缸的结构性能，就这样跌倒了爬起来，爬起来再前行，到了2005年，郝彦波的挖药机终于研制成功，并获得国家知识产权局授予的知识产权专利。<br /> 故事到了这里，不是结尾而是开始。<br /> <br /> However, The cruel reality is that no horse can cross the prairie in one step. In their own medicine field, Hao Yanbo firstly began his operation. When the fork dig into the soil, for the first time, he unearthed a few herbs. For the second time, the machine made a strange noise, then the arm was out of control and the body fell apart. With no reference, all by the imagination of a young man and junk, the artifacts collapsed in the public. Isn’t failure a wealth? After that, Hao Yanbo forgot to eat and sleep and found the success in failure. The new-built machine needed to be improved a lot, so he meticulously polished it and gradually find the main problem¬¬—the hydraulic oil cylinder. he changed the materials and oil seal. After hundreds of times of experiments, he improved the structure of the hydraulic oil cylinder. In 2005, after countless failure and restart, in 2005, Hao Yanbo’s medicine-digging machine finally successfully developed and acquired the intellectual property patents by the State Intellectual Property Office. This is not the end of the story, but the beginning.<br /> <br /> However, the reality was not helpful just like no horse could cross the prairie in one step. Hao Yanbo’s maiden machine began to operate in his own medicine field. The first digging fork into the soil digged out a few broken roots of herbs, but by the second, the machine made a strange noise. Then, the force arm of the machine went out of control and the body fell apart. The object which had no reference at all, designed by the young man’s imagination and made of scrap metal, fell down in full view of the public. <br /> Wasn’t failure a kind of wealth? After that, Hao Yanbo wasted no time in exploring the success factor in the failure. The crude prototype machine had many immaturities. He meticulously polished it one by one and gradually found the main contradiction--the unsatisfactory hydraulic cylinder. So he changed the material and oil seal, and improved the structure performance of the hydraulic cylinder after hundreds of tests. That how he picked himself up from the failure and went forward again. By 2005, Hao Yanbo’s drug digger was finally developed successfully and was granted an intellectual property patent by the State Intellectual Property Office. This was not the end but the beginning of the story.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 夏紫纯 Xia Zichun ====<br /> 在市场经济的背景下，你手攥着宝贝，却不能进入市场，就像空对着一只没有帆的船。家贫如洗的郝彦波，在院子里久久地坐着，天上的小雨什么时候下的，他不知道，母亲叫了几次，他也不想去吃饭。机器的性能可以了，下一步该如何批量生产、推广使用呢？钱钱钱，又是钱，郝彦波需要很多钱。<br /> 别无他路可走，郝彦波把研制成功的挖药机放在仓房里，向亲戚借了三百块钱，出发了。他要到城市里去打工，挣钱，养家，然后把梦想进行到底。西沟村离赤峰四十公里左右，他是骑着一辆旧自行车去的。一路上他默默祈祷，愿这是自己和父母的人生中，最后一次借钱。<br /> 他需要找一个住的地方，需要填饱肚子，还需要尽快找到工作，找一个工资高，又能学到本事的工作。他走遍了当时赤峰市内的二十多个职业中介，兜里的三百元钱，就像手掌上的一块冰，分分秒秒在缩小。<br /> <br /> In the context of the market-oriented economy, even if you clutch the treasure, the treasure will be like an empty boat without sails if it can not enter the market. Hao Yanbo, whose family was poor and destitute, sat in the courtyard for a long time, not knowing when the light rain fell from the sky. Mother called him several times for dinner, but he did not want to go. The performance of the machine is good, but the next step is how to manufacture it and promote the use of the machine? This time again, because of money, Hao Yanbo needed a lot of money. <br /> Hao Yanbo had no other way out, so he put the successfully developed drug digging machine in the barn, borrowed 300 yuan from his relatives and set off. He had to go to the city to work, earn money, support his family, and then finally make his dream come true. The village of Xigou was about forty kilometers from Chifeng city, and he went there on an old bicycle. Along the way he prayed silently that this would be the last time in his life to borrow money for himself and his parents. <br /> He needed to find a place to live, he needed to fill his stomach, and he needed to find a job as soon as possible, a job that paid well and allowed him to learn his skills. He went to more than twenty employment agencies in Chifeng at that time, but the 300 yuan in his pocket was shrinking like a piece of ice on his palm, minute by minute.<br /> <br /> Hao couldn’t promote his functional invention due to his lack of money even China had entered the era of market economy, similar to the plight that you cannot drive a car with no engine. Hao, whose family was destitute, sat in his courtyard for a long time, completely unaware of the drizzle. Mother called him several times for dinner, but he didn’t have appetite. He was wondering how to put the machine into mass production and popularize it since its good performance has been verified. Money was such a hurdle. He was in need of a great sum of money. Having no other choices, he put the successful herb-digging machine in the barn, borrowed 300 yuan from his relatives. He decided to move to the Chifeng city and be a migrant worker to support his family and his dream. He set off on an old bicycle despite the forty-kilometer trip from his village. He wished that would be the last time he or his families to borrow money. First of all, he should find a shelter and food, and most importantly, a nice job which could be paid well and give him chances for developing skills. At that time, he went to more than twenty job centers in Chifeng while the cash in his pocket shrank quickly like a melting ice. （Xiang Minghui）<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 向明慧 Xiang Minghui ====<br /> 他小心翼翼地问中介经理，有没有工资高一点的工作。中介经理一伸手，有，中介费五十元。他的手在兜里把几张钞票攥出了汗，舍不得拿出来，中介经理便把他当做了空气，视而不见。他第二天又来到中介，坐在中介经理面对面搭讪，结果又当了一天空气。第三天，他还来，往前凑了凑，经理烦了，他依旧陪着笑脸。<br /> 他说，到底哪里招工？经理说，中介费。他说，我就问问干啥活还不行吗？<br /> 经理说不行。他说我不问清楚干什么活儿，交了钱干不了怎么办？<br /> 经理说，你真磨叽。就是电焊工。<br /> 郝彦波心里一喜，忙稳稳神，作失望状说，电焊，技术活，干不了。抬脚走人。<br /> 他在又小又冷的出租屋里，把一本厚厚的赤峰黄页，早已翻得烂熟。他知道整个赤峰，只有三家电焊厂。<br /> 他来到邮电局，花了不到一块钱。分别给这三家电焊厂打了电话。其中最大的一家，正在招电焊工。工资800元到3000元，真是太诱人了。<br /> <br /> He cautiously asked the manager of a job center whether they could provide him with any information of a better-paid job. The manager nodded but required him to pay 50 yuan as brokerage fee. He clenched the bills and kept them in the pocket, unwilling to pay. Then the manager ignored him. The next day he went there again and attempted to get the manager’s attention by talking, ending up with failure. The third day, he tried again. The manager was irritated but Hao remained smiling. “Could you tell me where to find a job?” asked Hao. “Brokerage fee.” replied the manager.“I just wanna know what kind of job I could get now.” “I can’t tell you.” “What if I paid you but would find the job unsuitable for me?” “You are such a nuisance! Welders are needed.” Hao quickly covered his delight. Calmly, he pretended to be disappointed and left there, claiming that he was unable to weld. In a rented room with little space and coldness, he searched a pile of yellow pages and became familiar with the information of companies in Chifeng. He found that there were merely three welding factories and spent less than one yuan in the post office to make phone calls, thus knowing the biggest one was recruiting workers with a monthly salary of 800-3000 yuan. That’s really enticing.<br /> <br /> He cautiously asked the manager of a job center whether there was any information of a better-paid job. The manager nodded but required him to pay 50 yuan as brokerage fee. He clenched the bills and kept them in the pocket, unwilling to pay. Then the manager regarded him as nothing. The next day he went there again and attempted to get the manager’s attention by accosting him, ending up with failure. The third day, he tried again. The manager was irritated but Hao moved forward and remained smiling. “Could you tell me where I can find a job?” asked Hao. “Brokerage fee.” replied the manager. “I just wanna know what kind of job I could get now.” “I can’t tell you.” “What if I paid you but would find the job unsuitable for me?” “You are such a nuisance! Welders are needed.” Hao quickly covered his delight. Calmly, he pretended to be disappointed and left there, claiming that he was unskilled to weld. In a rented room with little space and coldness, he read a pile of thick yellow pages and had been familiar with the information of companies in Chifeng. He knew that there were merely three welding factories and spent less than one yuan in the post office to make phone calls to each of them, thus knowing the biggest one was recruiting workers with a monthly salary of 800-3000 yuan. That’s really enticing.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu====<br /> 厂里的老总和副总一起面试。郝彦波不敢夸大自己的电焊技术，他说自己在家里焊过一般的小机器，没敢说也就焊过一台挖药机。老总脸绷着，说我们不收学徒。副总倒是和颜悦色，他说，小伙子找个小厂子练几年再来吧。郝彦波说，我不要工资，也不吃厂里的伙食还不行吗？两位老总摆摆手，把郝彦波扔在了接待室里。<br /> 临走，郝彦波拿了副总的一张名片。第二天他给那位副总打电话——我没别的优点，就是认学，我觉得到你们企业很正规，有前途，我不要工资，只要个机会，领导就给年轻人的上进心一点厚爱吧……<br /> 副总说……那你就来试试吧，是郝彦波的最后一句话让他动了恻隐之心。<br /> 这家电焊厂主要生产变压器，订单多得做不过来。电焊车间有五个技工，干了十八年了，技术水平相当可以，他们抱团取利，平分项目工资。对于郝彦波，他们一开始没当回事，用赤峰话说，这孩子你是不是有点潮？分文不取你图个啥呢，学徒？没师傅十八年你也学不成。<br /> 时间过去了两个月，他们发现这手快脚勤，闷声不语的小伙子不可小觑。因为他交出的零活小活儿，十分像样，结结实实，板板正正，不亚于成手的水平。<br /> <br /> The general manager and the deputy general manager of the factory were responsible for the interview together. Hao Yanbo did not dare to exaggerate his electric welding technology, so he said that he had welded the common small machine at home, and he did not dare to say that he had just welded a medicine digging machine. The general manager said with a sullen face that they would not accept apprentices. However, the deputy general manager was pleasant and said that as the young man, Hao should find a small factory to practice for a few years first and then come back. Hao said: I don't need wages and don't eat the meals in the factory, even so can't I stay?” The two managers waved their hands and threw Hao in the reception room.<br /> Before leaving, Hao took a business card of the deputy general manager, and called him the next day: “I have no other advantages, but I’m studious. I think your enterprise is very regular and promising, so I do not need to need wages but a opportunity. Dear leader, please give aspirant young person a little love……”<br /> The deputy general manager said that Hao can have a try, because Hao's last words let him move the compassionate Heart.<br /> The welding factory mainly produces transformers, whose orders are too much to be done. In the welding workshop there were five technicians who had been working for 18 years, and their technological sophistication was quite good. They made profits together and shared the project wages equally. However, for Hao Yanbo, they didn't take him seriously at first. In Chifeng's words, is Hao a little deviant? He wouldn't take any money so what do you want? Do you just want to be an apprentice? Without the direction of the overman, You can't learn the technology in eighteen years. Two months later, they found that the young man who was quick and silent could not be underestimated, because the little products he handed over were very decent, solid and regular, no worse than the skill of the veteran.<br /> <br /> The factory’s general manager and vice general manager interviewed together. Has Yanbo did not dare to exaggerate his welding skills, so he said he had welded some ordinary small machines at home and did not dare to say that he had once also welded a medicine excavator. The general manager face tightened, said that they would not accept apprentices. But the vice general manager was kind and said that as a young man, Hao should find a small factory to practice for a few years first and then come back. Hearing this, Hao said:”I don’t want wages and would not eat the food in the factory, even so can’t I stay?” The two managers waved their hands, leaving Hao alone in the reception room.<br /> Before leaving, Hao took a business card of the vice general manager, and calling him the next day said:”I have no other advantages, but the merit of studious. I think your enterprise is very professional and promising. I don’t want to earn money but an opportunity. Sir, please give aspirant young man a chance......”<br /> Hearing this, the vice general manager said:” Well, I guess you can have a try.” It is Hao’s last words let him move with compassion. <br /> This welding factory mainly produced transformers and was swamped with orders. In the welding workshop, there were five technicians who had been working for 18 years, and they were highly skilled. They earned money and profits together and shared the project salaried equally. As for Hao Yanbo, they didn’t take him seriously at first. In Chifeng's words, isn’t Hao a little deviant? If you wouldn't take any money so what do you want? To be an apprentice? Without the direction of skilled technician, you can’t learn the skill well even for 18 years.<br /> Two months later, they found this industrious and silent young man was underestimated by them as the little products he handed over were very decent, solid and regular, no worse than the skill of the veteran.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin====<br /> 只有郝彦波自己知道，这两个月自己是怎么过来的。白天，师傅们干活不许他掺和，他在一边干点零活，远远地偷艺，到了午休和下班之后，他就拿起焊钳，捡来些下脚料，分秒必争地苦练。至于吃饭，他就是两个馒头，一杯白开水，盒饭是买不起的，包子是当节日大餐来享受的。<br /> 郝彦波特想请教请教这五个师傅，自己不抽烟，买了盒烟给师傅点着，被师傅们一横胳膊拨拉开了；他说师傅们赏个面子喝顿小酒吧，师傅们连头都没抬。<br /> 只要有恒心，铁杵磨成针，机会总是属于有准备的人，这话果然不假。三个月以后，郝彦波，靠远观勤练，可以独立完成小型变压器的焊接组装了！他焊好的机器往那里一摆，美观，牢固，严丝合缝，五个师傅也只能啧啧赞叹。这时候，工厂接到一个大订单，焊接一个2500千瓦的大变压器，相当于一间小房子大，要求工艺水平高，要求时间快。五个师傅和老板谈工资，没谈拢，撂挑子不干了。<br /> 空空荡荡的车间只剩了一个瘦瘦小小的郝彦波在干活儿。老板来了，没有认出来他是谁，盯着看他操作，又用挑剔的眼光检查了他做出的成品。好半天，老板说，给你找几个工人，你带着他们把大变压器拿下来中不？郝彦波一听有点不相信自己的耳朵，镇定一下，他老老实实地回答老板，小的中，大的没干过，但是我一定要干好，说什么也不能影响公司声誉。<br /> <br /> Only Hao Yanbo knew how he struggled to be like this over the past two months. During the day, the technicians didn’t allow him to work with them, so he had to do some odd jobs randomly and learn their skills in secret from afar. At lunch break and after work, he would pick up welding tongs to get some scraps of mental, racing against time to practice. As for having a meal, he simply ate two streamed buns and a glass of water. He can’t afford packed meals and steamed stuffed buns were a holiday feast for him to enjoy. <br /> Hao wanted to seek advice from these five technicians. For himself, he didn’t smoke but he bought a box of cigarettes and lit it up for the technicians, ending up being pulled away by them. He invited them to do him a favor to have a drink together and they didn’t even raise their heads. <br /> As long as one is persistent, steady efforts can work miracles. It is true that chances always belong to those who are prepared well. Three months later, owing to his careful observation and diligent practices, Hao can independently complete the welding and assembly of small transformers. The machine he welded was pleasing to the eye, secure and sealed-tight and technicians paid homage to these works. At this time, the factory received a big order to weld a 2500 kilowatt large transformer, which was equivalent to a small house, demanding high technological quality and a small amount of time. The five technicians talked about salary with the general manager, but the deal didn’t go through and they quit. <br /> Only skinny Hao was working in the empty workshop. When the general manager arrived and didn’t recognize Hao, he stared at Hao’s operation and checked his finished products critically. It took hours and the general manager said, “I will get some workers for you. Can you get this order down with the help of these workers?” Hao couldn’t believe what he heard. After calming down, he honestly replied to the general manager that he could try to get small orders down but had never tried large orders before. And he also said that he was determined to do it well and can’t affect the company’s reputation.<br /> <br /> Only Hao Yanbo knew how did he get through it over the past two months. During the day, the technicians didn’t allow him to work with them, so he had to do some odd jobs in one side and learn their skills in secret from afar. At lunch break and after work, he would pick up welding tongs, and get some waste materials, racing against time to practice hard. As for having a meal, he just ate two steamed buns and a glass of water. He couldn’t afford packed meals and steamed stuffed buns were a holiday feast for him to enjoy. Hao especially wanted to seek advice from these five technicians. Therefore, as he didn’t smoke, he bought a box of cigarettes and lit them up for the technicians, ending up being pulled away with one arm. He invited them to do him a favor to have a drink together and they didn’t even raise their heads. It is true that as long as one is persistent, steady efforts can work miracles, and chances always belong to those who are prepared well. Three months later, owing to his careful observation and diligent practices, Hao could independently complete the welding and assembly of small transformers. The machine he welded was pleasing to the eye, secure and sealed-tight and technicians could only pay homage to these works. At this time, the factory received a big order to weld a large transformer of 2500 kilowatt, which was equivalent to a small house, requiring high technology level and a small amount of time. The five technicians talked about salary with the general manager, but they failed to reach an agreement and they quit. Only the skinny Hao was working in the empty workshop. When the general manager arrived and didn’t recognize him, he stared at him to see how he operate and checked his finished products critically. It took hours and the general manager said, “I will get some workers for you. Can you finish the welding and assembly of large transformers with their help?” Hao couldn’t believe what he heard. After calming down, he honestly replied to the general manager that the small orders could be done, and though he had never tried large orders before, he was determined to do it well and couldn’t affect the company’s reputation.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu====<br /> 老总果然目光如炬，又想到这个年轻人做事能为公司考虑 ，便给了郝彦波每月八百元的工资和几个帮手，把任务派给了他。郝彦波也是拼了，起五更爬半夜，把每天的生产流程设计到分秒精准，把人力调配到最合理，检查质量，一个焊接缝，牙签那么宽的误差也逃不过他的眼睛，最终如期优质完成任务。这时，郝彦波的焊接水平已经远远超过了那五个干了十八年的师傅，并且在制图设计和技术管理上可以独当一面了。他的工资因此三级跳，达到每月五千元。被聘为车间主任之后，老总交由他来统筹车间的薪酬分配。最高的时候，他手下的技工，每月得到八千五百元的工资。<br /> 一转眼要过年了，他给母亲打电话，说妈我要回家了，你想吃什么，需要点什么，我给你买回去。母亲说，快别介孩子，咱们家用钱的地方多着呢。郝彦波说，我一个月挣快五千了呢，不差这点钱。他没敢说八千多，她怕母亲不相信。<br /> 母亲说，儿子，真的？<br /> 儿子说，妈，真的。<br /> 电话里传来了母亲掩抑着的啜泣，她强说出一句话，儿子啊，有个好工作可不容易，可要好好把握这个机会啊，话里透漏出一丝担心。<br /> <br /> The boss did possess a large vision. Thinking that this young man could work for the good of the company, he assigned him the task, with a monthly salary of 800 yuan and a few helpers. Hao indeed worked very hard. He got up early and worked late to design the daily production process to every minute and second, and allocate the manpower to the most reasonable. Even when he checked the quality, he could see that there was an error as wide as a toothpick in the welding seam. Finally, he finished the task on time with high quality. At this time, Hao Yanbo already had a higher wedding level than those five workers who had worked for 18 years, and he could design, make charts and managed technology by himself. Thus, his salary was substantially increased to 5000 yuan a month. After being employed as the workshop chief, the boss assigned him to manage the workshop’s salary distribution. The mechanics under him could earn up to 8500 yuan a month. Time flew and the New Year was coming. He called his mother and said, “Mom, I’m going home. What do you want to eat, what do you need, I’ll buy it for you.” His mother said, “Son, don’t say that. We need to pay a lot of money in other parts of our life.” Hao Yanbo replied, “I can earn nearly 5000 yuan a month! That money is nothing to me.” He dared to say that he could earn more than 8000 yuan in case his mother didn’t believe it. His mom asked, “Really, son?” He answered, “Mom, really.” As a muffled cry came by phone, she struggled to speak out a sentence, “Son, it’s not easy to get a good job, so you must act on the chance.” There was a hint of concern in her words.<br /> <br /> <br /> The boss was really a good judge of character. Thinking that this young man could work for the good of the company, he assigned him the task with a monthly salary of 800 yuan and a few helpers. Hao indeed worked very hard. He got up early and worked late to design the daily production process to every minute and second, and allocated the manpower to the most reasonable. Even when he checked the quality, he could see that there was an error as wide as a toothpick in the welding seam. Finally, he finished the task on time with high quality. At this time, Hao Yanbo’s welding level had already surpassed that of five workers who had worked for 18 years, and he could design, make charts and managed technology by himself. Thus, his salary was substantially increased to 5000 yuan a month. After being promoted to the workshop chief, the boss assigned him to manage the workshop’s salary distribution. The mechanics under him could earn up to 8500 yuan a month at its peak. Time flew and the New Year was coming. He called his mother and said, “Mom, I’m going home. What do you want to eat, and what do you need, I’ll buy it for you.” His mother said, “Son, don’t buy it. We need to spend a lot of money in other parts of our life.” Hao Yanbo replied, “I can earn nearly 5000 yuan a month! That money is nothing to me.” He dared to say that he could earn more than 8000 yuan in case his mother didn’t believe it. His mom asked, “Really, son?” He replied, “Mom, really.” As a muffled cry came by phone, she struggled to speak out a sentence, “Son, it’s not easy to get a good job, so you must take the chance.” There was a hint of concern in her words.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 谢茜敏 Xie Ximin ====<br /> 知儿莫如母。2007年，在打工生活顺风顺水的时候，郝彦波以家里搬迁为理由，向老总请了长假，怀揣着积攒下来的不足八万块钱，回到了西沟村。他跟父母说，厂里的工作每天都一样，我要干点每天都有新意的事儿。父亲拿出钥匙，打开房门，他回到了梦中的挖药机跟前。<br /> 挖药机在库房里搁置了二年，但是在郝彦波的脑子里，一天都没有搁置，即使在打工最劳累的时刻，他只要一闲下来，就会不由自主地琢磨起挖药机的改进。现在，他有钱了，到了第二次冲刺的时候。他买了一台拖拉机，更新了挖药机的设计，制作出一台完整的新型挖药机，到工商局正式注册了机械制造厂。这时候的郝彦波，已经打开视野，学会了研究市场，关注社会需求，他认为，随着人们保健意识的提高，中药的市场需求将会扩大，挖药机的使用，势在必行。他鼓动父母，提前种下十亩药材。他经过测算，批量生产挖药机，尚需四十万左右的资金。一个老同学不怕担风险，要求参与，于是两个人分别贷款，生产出二十台挖药机，准备大干一场。<br /> <br /> Mothers often know their sons better than anyone else. When he was smooth in work, Hao Yanbo requested a long vacation from his boss by reason of moving house. Then he came back to Xigou Village with no more than 80,000 yuan he had collected, and said to his parents, &quot;I did the same work everyday in the factory but I wanna do something new.&quot; His parents took out the key and opened the door. So he returned to the herb-digging machine, which had been shelved for two years but never left in his mind. Even in the most tiring days, he couldn’t help pondering on the improvement of the machine as a soon as he was free. Now he had saved some money. When it’s time for the second sprint, he bought a brand-new herb-digging machine, and registered a formal machine factory in the Trade and Industry Bureau. At that time, Hao Yanbo had opened his horizon. He learnt to research the market and paid attention to social demand. He held that as people’s health care awareness was promoted, the market demand of herbs would be expanded and the herb-digging machine must be uesd. Therefore he persuaded his parents into planting ten mu of herbs in advance. After calculation, he found that he still needed forty thousand yuan to mass-produce the machine. One of his former classmates requested cooperation with him regardless of the risk. So they respectively applied for a loan to produce 20 machines. They were working their fingers to the bone.<br /> <br /> Mothers often know their sons better than anyone else. When he was smooth in work, Hao Yanbo requested a long vacation from his boss by reason of moving house. Then he came back to Xigou Village with no more than 80,000 yuan he had collected, and said to his parents, &quot;I did the same work everyday in the factory but I wanna do something new.&quot; His parents took out the key and opened the door. So he returned to the herb-digging machine, which had been shelved for two years but never left in his mind. Even in the most tiring days, he couldn’t help pondering on the improvement of the machine as a soon as he was free. Now he had saved some money. When it’s time for the second sprint, he bought a brand-new herb-digging machine, and registered a formal machine factory in the Trade and Industry Bureau. At that time, Hao Yanbo had opened his horizon. He learnt to research the market and paid attention to social demand. He held that as people’s health care awareness was promoted, the market demand of herbs would be expanded and the herb-digging machine must be uesd. Therefore he persuaded his parents into planting ten mu of herbs in advance. After calculation, he found that he still needed forty thousand yuan to mass-produce the machine. One of his former classmates requested cooperation with him regardless of the risk. So they respectively applied for a loan to produce 20 machines. They were working their fingers to the bone.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 李彦 Li Yan====<br /> 郝彦波开着拖拉机，在药田里作业，引来了人们的围观，挖药机果然不错，虽说速度和精确度还处于初级阶段，但是一台机器，顶五六个人工那是没有问题了。附近的药农看了之后跃跃欲试，媒体也来凑热闹——中国第一台挖药机诞生了，从此改变中药种植的劳动方式。<br /> 很快，第一个敢于吃螃蟹的人出现了。可是，当客户把花了三万多元钱买来的机器往地里一开，没等挖完半亩地的药材，挖药机就出现了故障，郝彦波赶紧派人修，当时是修理好了，可还没等修机器的师傅回到家，电话又来了，机器又出毛病了。这到底是怎么回事呢？郝彦波整天在客户的药田里琢磨，他发现如果自己亲自操作挖药机，机器会很好用，一旦换个生手，就会故障频频。就这样，好歹挖完了客户地里的药材。这个客户是个厚道的老兄，没有让郝彦波退货，默默把这台挖药机放在场院里，再也没动。<br /> <br /> Hao Yanbo drove a tractor, operating in the drug field, attracted the people around. Although digging machine’s speed and accuracy is still in its infancy, it is really good. A machine could substitute five or six workers. Nearby farmers jumped at the chance to try it, and the media also came to join in the fun, so China's first medicine digging machine was born, changing the way of labor in Chinese medicine cultivation. Soon, the first person who dared to try the newly-merged thing appeared. However, when the customer spent more than 30,000 yuan to buy the machine to the ground, the digging machine malfunctioned before digging up half an acre of herbs. Hao Yanbo rushed to ask someone to repair, and the machien was repaired. But not waiting for the repairer back home, the phone came again, which was again out of order. What was going on here? Hao Yanbo spent the whole day in the customer's medicine field, end up founding that if he personally operate the digging machine, the machine will work very well. However, as long as a raw hand used it, it will break down frequently. In this way, the herbs in the customer's field was digged up with a tremendous amount of effort. This customer is a kind dude for he didn’t let Hao Yanbo return the goods. Insteadliy, he silently put the dredging machine in the yard, never moved since then<br /> <br /> Hao Yanbo drove a tractor, operating in the drug field, attracting the people around. Although the digging machine’s speed and accuracy is still in its infancy, it is really good. A machine could substitute five or six workers. Nearby farmers jumped at the chance to try it, and the media also came to join in the fun, so China's first medicine digging machine was born, changing the way of labor in Chinese medicine cultivation. Soon, the first person who dared to try the newly-merged thing appeared. However, when the customer spent more than 30,000 yuan to buy the machine to the ground, the digging machine malfunctioned before digging up half an acre of herbs. Hao Yanbo rushed to ask someone to repair it, and the machine was repaired. But not waiting for the repairer back home, the phone came again, which was again out of order. What was going on here? Hao Yanbo spent the whole day in the customer's medicine field, end up founding that if he personally operate the digging machine, the machine will work very well. However, as long as a raw hand used it, it will break down frequently. In this way, the herbs in the customer's field were dug up with a tremendous amount of effort. This customer is a kind dude for he didn’t let Hao Yanbo return the goods. Unsteadily, he silently put the dredging machine in the yard, never moved since then<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 谢紫佳 Xie Zijia====<br /> 郝彦波把剩下的十九台挖药机放在自己院子里，不敢再销售了。这时候到了年底，银行的利息将近四万。当时一个人出去打工一年能挣到两万都是多的，就是说，自己和合伙人身上每年两万的利息，他们打工一辈子都还不清。这可怎么办？郝彦波可以回电焊厂继续打工，挣的多一点，最终还上利息，可是这个项目就可能彻底夭折，自己的企业梦也就成了一枕黄粱。出路只有一个，就是继续改进机器，直至完全成功。<br /> Hao Yanbo put the remaining nineteen pill diggers in their own yards, not daring to sell again. This time to the end of the year, the bank interest of nearly forty thousand. At that time, a person can go out to work a year to earn 20,000 are more, that is, 20,000 interest per year on themselves and their partners, they can not work a lifetime to pay back. How can this be done? Hao Yanbo can go back to the welding factory to continue to work, earn more, and eventually pay back the interest, but the project may be completely aborted, their own business dream has become a pillow of sorghum. There is only one way out, is to continue to improve the machine until it is completely successful.<br /> <br /> Hao Yanbo put the remaining nineteen pill diggers in their own yards, not daring to sell again. This time to the end of the year, the bank interest of nearly forty thousand. At that time, it was too much that a person could earn as much as 20,000 yuan as a migrant worker, that is,20,000 interest per year on themselves and their partners, they can not work a lifetime to pay back. How can this be done? Hao Yanbo can go back to the welding factory to continue to work, earn more, and eventually pay back the interest, but the project may be completely aborted, their own business dream has become a brief dream of grandeur.There is only one way out, is to continue to improve the machine until it is completely successful.<br /> <br /> <br /> 郝彦波开始疯狂地研究机器的改进。技术问题，国内没有同行，求教无门，投资问题，也走进了死胡同，现实瞬间回到了多年前，郝彦波整天在家里边学边干，父母出去给人家的耕地拔草，每天拿回来十块，郝彦波花十块，拿回来二十，郝彦波花二十，一家人，除了吃饭，刮骨熬油一般，节省出一点点钱，支撑着郝彦波最后的信念。<br /> Hao Yanbo began to frantically study the improvement of the machine. Technical problems, no domestic counterparts, no way to seek advice, investment problems, also into a dead end, reality instantly returned to years ago, Hao Yanbo all day at home while learning, parents went out to people's plowing grass, every day to get back ten, Hao Yanbo spend ten, get back twenty, Hao Yanbo spend twenty, the family, in addition to meals, scraping bones and boiling oil in general, save a little money, supporting Hao Yanbo's last belief.<br /> <br /> Hao Yanbo began to frantically study the improvement of the machine. Due to the Technical problems, no domestic counterparts, no way to seek advice and investment problems also into a dead end, reality instantly returned to years ago.Hao Yanbo all day at home while learning, parents went out to people's plowing grass, every day to get back ten, Hao Yanbo spend ten, get back twenty, Hao Yanbo spend twenty, the family, besides meals, scraping bones and boiling oil in general, save a little money, supporting Hao Yanbo's last belief. <br /> <br /> <br /> 债务重，压力大，郝彦波的身体每况愈下，终于有一天，昏倒在了机器旁边。到医院一检查，医生说这个年轻人可惜了，得的是绝症，全家人不肯相信，换了一家医院重新检查，结论一样。最可怕的是，家里已经没有给郝彦波吃药的钱了。母亲出去借钱，亲戚朋友的回答，让人心凉——得了这种病，弄不好要人财两空啊……母亲借了一圈，只借到几百元钱。<br /> Debt, pressure, Hao Yanbo's body is deteriorating, and finally one day, fainted next to the machine. When he went to the hospital, the doctor said that the young man was unfortunately terminally ill, but the family refused to believe it and rechecked him in a different hospital, with the same conclusion. The most terrible thing is that the family no longer has money for Hao Yanbo's medication. The mother went out to borrow money, relatives and friends answer, let people cold - with this disease, it is bad to be empty ...... mother borrowed everything she can, only to borrow a few hundred dollars.<br /> <br /> Due to the heavy debt and high pressure,Hao Yanbo's body is deteriorating, and finally one day, fainted next to the machine. When he went to the hospital, the doctor said that the young man was unfortunately terminally ill, but the family refused to believe it and rechecked him in a different hospital, with the same conclusion. The most terrible thing is that the family no longer has money for Hao Yanbo's medication. The mother went out to borrow money, .relatives and friends answer, let people bitterly disappointed - with this disease, it is bad to be empty ..... mother borrowed everything she can, only to borrow a few hundred dollars.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 熊丹 Xiong Dan ====<br /> 全家被阴云笼罩。<br /> 母亲每天在地里干活的时候以泪洗面，回到家中看到儿子，强颜欢笑。<br /> 郝彦波想，我还这么年轻，难道就这样完了吗？他不甘心，真是不甘心呐！他想不开，暗暗地哭了不知多少回。费用太大，他决定放弃治疗，顺其自然。父亲母亲媳妇和孩子，哭成了一团。<br /> 父亲拆了几台挖药机，把零件当废铜烂铁卖，去给儿子买药。郝彦波隔着窗户，看着父亲伛偻的身躯，心如刀绞。<br /> 医生要求他避免重体力劳动，保持好心情。他一想，对呀，生命不就是一种心情吗，心情好了，每一天都好。他站在深秋的天气里，面对冷冷的太阳，做起了扩胸运动，寒风如霜，他的身体里勃发出一团热能，他告诉自己，你要坚强，你青春的肌体，你昂扬的精神，你每天锲而不舍的大脑，都没有衰竭的迹象，只要不气馁，就没有过不去的火焰山。<br /> 郝彦波每天在家里看孩子，洗衣服，为全家人做饭。说实话，他原本一点都不喜欢这些家务事，此时，却是做得全心全意，兢兢业业，他在最不应该思考生与死的年纪里，体验到了，活着的每一分钟，都值得万分珍惜。他心中最重要的事情，仍然是继续改进挖药机。他每天强迫自己卧床休息几个钟头，待有了一点精神，再埋头于图纸上、机器上，一干几个小时，他就这样用一张一弛的方式和死神赛跑。许多年后，他对记者说——我当时想，看不到我的挖药机在一家家的药田开着，后面有一堆堆白生生的药材，让药农们在一旁竖着大拇指，我就是闭上了眼睛也得睁开看啊。<br /> The whole family was shrouded in dark clouds.<br /> Mom cried every day as she worked in the fields. When she came home, she would squeeze a smile on her son.<br /> “Is this the end of me being so young&quot;, Hao Yanbo was thinking. He had not done it, he really had not done yet, he couldn't figure it out and secretly cried many times.Due to the expensive fees, he decided to give up treatment, then let what would happen. His parents, wife and his children’s cried buckets.<br /> His father dismantled several medicine diggers, taking these parts of the machine as iron and bronze scrap to sell, and bought medicine for him.Hao looked at his father‘s bent body through the windows, feeling wrenched at his heart.<br /> Doctors asked him to avoid heavy labour and keep a good mood. He thought that life, yes, isn’t a kind of sentiment. If one has a good temper, he will feel well every day.He stood in the late autumn weather, facing the cold sun, and did chest expansion exercise.Cold wind as frost, his body burst a cloud of heat energy, he told himself that he should be strong.His youthful body, his fighting spirit and his persistent brain, all of those have not collapsed.Only if we did not give up, there would be no mountain of flames that cannot be crossed.<br /> Hao babysits, does laundry, and cooks for the whole family at home every day.To be honest, he did not like to do those housework before. At this time, he gave his complete attention and worked very hard. He felt that he should cherish every minute when he was alive, even at a no-considering come life or death age.The most important thing in his mind was still to continue to improve medicine diggers.He forced himself to relax for some hours, waiting to have energy, then got wrapped up in drawings and machines，When he focused on this，he would do some hours.He was just using this alternation of tension and relaxation to compete with death.After many years,&quot; I was thinking at that time, if I couldn't see that our diggering machine which was behind a sack of medicine was open, making herbalist praise it, l would open the eyes even if I had died.&quot; he said to journalists.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> The whole family was shrouded in dark clouds.<br /> Mom cried every day as she worked in the fields. When she came home, she would manage a smile at her son.<br /> “Is this the end of me being so young&quot; thought Hao Yanbo. He had not done it, he really had not done yet, he couldn't figure it out and secretly cried many times. Due to the hefty fees, he decided to give up treatment, then let life take its course. His parents, wife and his children cried buckets.<br /> His father dismantled several medicine diggers, taking these parts of the machine as iron and bronze scrap to sell, and bought medicine for him. Hao looked at his father‘s bent body through the windows, feeling wrenched at his heart.<br /> Doctors asked him to avoid heavy labour and keep a good mood. He thought that life, yes, isn’t a kind of sentiment. If one had a good temper, he would feel well every day. He stood in a late autumn day, facing the cold sun, and did chest expansion exercise. Cold wind as frost, his body burst a cloud of heat energy, and he told himself that he should toughen up. His youthful body, his fighting spirit and his persistent brain, all of those had not collapsed. As long as we did not give up, there would be no mountain of flames that cannot be crossed.<br /> Hao babysat, did laundry, and cooked for the whole family at home every day. To be honest, he did not like to do housework before. At this time, he gave his complete attention and worked very hard. He felt that he should cherish every minute when he was alive, even at a no-considering come life or death age. The most important thing in his mind was still to continue to improve medicine diggers. He forced himself to relax for some hours, waiting to have energy, then got wrapped up in drawings and machines. When he focused on this，he would work for several hours on end. He was just using this alternation of tension and relaxation to compete with death. After many years, “I was thinking at that time ——if I couldn't see our digging machine behind a sack of medicine operating and farmers praising it, l would open my eyes even if I had died.&quot; he said to journalists.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 徐思禹 Xu Siyu====<br /> 母亲说，儿啊，你不要命了吗？<br /> <br /> The mother said， “Son, do you want to die?”<br /> <br /> His mother said, &quot;Son, how can you make a living in such a condition?&quot;<br /> <br /> 儿子说，娘啊，你放心吧，儿子不仅要命，还要成事儿，还要让家里过上富裕的日子。你养育了儿子一辈子，吃了多少苦，儿子还没回报呢，怎么能丢下你呢。你不是说想去乌兰布统看草原吗，还想去北戴河看看海吗，儿子还要陪着你去呢，咱们坐火车，坐飞机，把梦想变成真事儿。<br /> <br /> “Mom, don’t worry. Not only will I stay alive, but also I will accomplish something and provide a good life for our family. You have suffered a lot while raising me and I haven’t paid you back. How can I leave you behind? You said you wanted to go to Ulan Butong to see the grasslands and to Beidaihe to see the ocean. I will take you there by train and by plane and live out our dreams.” replied the son. <br /> <br /> Hao Yanbo replied, &quot;Mom, don’t worry. I will not risk my life to make a living. I'm sure that we can live a better life. You sacrifice your happiness to bring me up but I haven’t paid you back. How selfish I am if I ignore your feeling. You said you wanted to appreciate the views of Ulan Butong grasslands and see the ocean of Beidaihe. I will take you there by train or by plane. Your dream will come true.&quot;<br /> <br /> 母亲说，那些个，我都不想了，只要我儿子好起来，咱们把饥荒还清，我每天心里不总是沉沉的，就是知足了。<br /> <br /> “I don’t bother to think about such things anymore. All I ever want is my son will get better and our debts be paid off. I will be satisfied if my burdens can be relieved.” said the mother. <br /> <br /> &quot;I don’t bother to think about such things anymore. Now all I ever want is that you can recover and our debts can be paid off. I will be satisfied if my burdens can be relieved.&quot; said the mother. <br /> <br /> 心静自然少忧烦。郝彦波想开了，心火就退下去了，他不急不躁，每天敲敲打打，铣铣锯锯，把挖药机的每一个构、零件重新研究一遍，还专门请了一个朋友开着挖药机，在各种不同的地里做破坏性试验，终于找到了机器故障的结症。原来是一些构件和零件用料质量较低，一些局部的配置不够精确，而机器的总体设计没有根本性问题。<br /> <br /> A quiet mind was naturally less worried. Hao Yanbo managed to let it go, and he was very patient. He knocked, beat, milled, and sawed every day, studied every structure and every part of the medicine-digging machine again, and invited a friend to drive the machine to conduct destructive tests in various places. Finally, he found the cause of the machine failure. It turned out that some components were of low-quality, and some settings were not exact enough, and the overall design of the machine had no fundamental problems. <br /> <br /> Less thoughts make no anxious man. Hao Yanbo decided to let it go, and he became less worried. He sawed and hammered every day, rechecking every part and component of the medicine-digging machine. He also invited a friend to drive the machine to make destructive tests in various kinds of fields. Finally, he found the trigger for the problems of the machine. Some components didn't meet the standard quality, and some settings were not sophisticated enough, but the design of the machine had nothing big to change. <br /> <br /> 从一个个坏消息里，病中的郝彦波汲取到了正能量。<br /> <br /> From a piece of bad news after another, Hao Yanbo, who was ill, derived positive energy.<br /> <br /> Bombarded with bad news, Hao Yanbo, who was still ill, gained a positive attitude.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 颜琦 Yan Qi ====<br /> 时间验证了郝彦波的眼光，当初让父母种下十亩中药材是对了，2010年中药材行情大涨。郝彦波也彻底解决了挖药机设计制造方面的问题，便操作机器在自己家的药田里工作。连续两年，他们家种药收入达到二十余万元，也让先前拒绝使用挖药机的乡亲们蜂拥而来，一时间买光了郝彦波的所有存货。从此小小西沟村洛阳纸贵，郝彦波的挖药机火了！一家忙得不亦乐乎，老人和媳妇忙着打磨、喷漆、上螺丝，郝彦波全力以赴，组织技术人才，扩大生产规模，引进先进设备，研制换代产品，陆续开发出深松（土）机、药材播种机、苗床起垄机、药材移栽机、挖药收获机、药材清洗机、药材烘干机等产品，为中药种植行业提供了一条龙机械。现在，郝彦波的中药种植机械，已经在内蒙古、吉林、辽宁、山东、山西、河北、四川、黑龙江、甘肃、新疆被广泛使用，在俄罗斯和哈萨克斯坦也有了长期用户。可以这样说，自从郝彦波的挖药机率先走上市场，人工种植中药的历史渐渐一去不复返了。<br /> <br /> Time proved that Hao Yanbo was right. He made a good choice of persuading his parents to cultivate traditional Chinese medicine because the niche got off to a good start in 2010. Hao Yanbo also tackled the problems of the medicine apparatus, in terms of its design and quality. Now he operated the apparatus in his field. In the successive two years, the total yield of the medicine reached more than 200,000 yuan. Those who didn't believe in his skills in the village flooded in his house to buy all the machine stock he'd made. After that, Hao Yanbo's medicine apparatus has become a rare and popular thing in Xigou Village. The whole family was as busy as a bee: Hao Yanbo's parents and wife was occupied in polishing and painting the machine. They were also responsible for tightening the screws. Hao Yanbo was making every effort to recruit technical personnel, expand the medicine field, introduce advanced equipment, research and develop new machines. Subsoiler, medicine seeder, seedbed ridger, medicine transplanter, medicine digging harvester, medicine cleaning machine, medicine dryer and other machines were developed as a complete production chain for Chinese medicine planting industry. Now, Hao Yanbo's Chinese medicine planting machinery has been widely used in Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Shanxi, Hebei, Sichuan, Heilongjiang, Gansu and Xinjiang. He also had long-term users in Russia and Kazakhstan. It can be said that the history of manual cultivation of traditional Chinese medicine has become a past since Hao Yanbo's medicine apparatus took the lead in the market.<br /> <br /> Time proved that Hao Yanbo was right in persuading his parents to plant traditional Chinese medicine, as the niche got off to a good start in 2010. After solving the engineering problem of the medicine apparatus, Hao Yanbo can operate the machine in his own fields. The total yield of the medicine generated more than 200,000 yuan for two years running. Those villagers who rejected to use his machine flooded in his house and all his machines were sold out. After that, Hao Yanbo's medicine apparatus had become a rare and gone viral in Xigou Village. The whole family was as busy as a bee: Hao Yanbo's parents and wife were chained in polishing and painting the machine and tightening the screws. Hao Yanbo did everything possible to recruit technical personnel, expand the production of the machine, introduce advanced equipment, and upgrade the original form. Subsoiler, medicine seeder, seedbed ridger, medicine transplanter, medicine digging harvester, medicine cleaning machine, medicine dryer and other machines were developed. Thus, a complete production chain for Chinese medicine planting industry came into being. Now, Hao Yanbo's Chinese medicine planting machinery had been widely used in Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Shanxi, Hebei, Sichuan, Heilongjiang, Gansu and Xinjiang. He also had long-term users in Russia and Kazakhstan. the history of manual cultivation of traditional Chinese medicine had been a collectors’ item since Hao Yanbo's medicine apparatus took the lead in the market.(Yang Siyin)<br /> <br /> 这回郝彦波可是真的富了。看着父母脸上的笑容，看着每年以百分之三十速度递增的产值，他的自豪感、成就感瞬间布满心头。但是，经过十五年创业打拼的郝彦波，这样说——假如一个富人看不到身边的贫困，那他就不是真正富有的人，富人应该是 大海里的一滴水，存在于所有人的富裕里，没有大海就等于没有你。<br /> <br /> <br /> Hao Yanbo was rich now. Looking at the smiles on his parents' faces and the increasingly growing output (30% every year), he felt nothing but proud and fulfilled. However, after working hard in his business for fifteen years, Hao Yanbo said that if a rich man ignored the poverty around him, he was not truly a rich man. The rich man should be a drop of water in the sea of all wealthy people. Without the sea, one's affluency made no sense.<br /> <br /> Hao Yanbo was rich now. Looking at the his parents’ smiles and the increasingly growing output (30% every year), he gained a sense of proudness and achievement. However, after working hard in his business for fifteen years, Hao Yanbo said that if a rich man ignored the poverty around him, he was not truly rich. The rich man should be a drop of water in the sea in which was brim with wealthy people. Without the sea, one's affluency made no sense. (Yang Siyin)<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 杨思吟 Yang Siyin ====<br /> 他先给家乡算了一笔账。目前喀喇沁旗还有三十万亩山坡干旱土地没有很好利用，如果种上中药材，按每亩最低收益一千元，就是三亿元，当地百姓足以富起来；第二笔账是目前国内有六千万亩的中草药种植基地，需要二十万台挖药机，自己可以提供其中的百分之十以上。那么，自己出售机器的收入，可以投资家乡三十万亩山坡干旱地的流转开发。<br /> 他建立了一个中药产业示范园，流转贫困户的土地，引进国内为先进经验，种植中草药，成立了中药机械作业团队，租用贫困户的挖药机，组织贫困户劳动力到示范区劳动，一举三得，让贫困户从土地租金，机器租金，人工劳动三方面获得收益，摘掉贫困户帽子。<br /> 郝彦波说他下一步的梦想，一个在窗外辽阔的原野上，他已经公开了中药产业机械的专利，正在把产业园区的种植经验推向全国的同行；另一个在企业的实验室里，他要一改目前模仿人工的机械模式，引入电子化，智能化，让机器人入场，成为中药机械产业的新龙头。<br /> 三十六岁的郝彦波那明亮的眼睛里充满愿景。<br /> <br /> He made an account for his hometown first. Today, 300,000 mu of arid lands on the slopes of the Karachin Banner were not put into good use. If Chinese medicinal materials can plant there, with yields minimal worth 1,000 yuan per mu, the total output can worth 300 million yuan, enough for the local people to get rich. The second account was that there were 60 million mu of Chinese herbal medicine planting center in China, in which 200,000 medicine digging machines were required, and over 10% of which can rent from our village. Hence, our sales in selling machines can be invested in facilitating land-circulation of three hundred thousand mu of arid lands on the slops. He built a Chinese medicine industry demonstration zone, helping transfer the operation right of land of families with financial problems, introducing domestic advanced experience, planting Chinese herbal medicines and establishing a team for operating the Chinese medicine machineries. He also leased digging machines from the financially challenged families and gathered labor forces from those families to work in the demonstration zone. In this way, financially stretched families can gain earnings from renting lands and machines and labor force at the same time, so as to lift out of poverty. <br /> Hao Yanbo talked about his next steps, one was in a vast field outside and the other was in the laboratory of the enterprises. For the former, he had shared the patent of the traditional Chinese medicine industry machinery with others and introduced his planting experience in industrial zones to domestic counterparts. For the latter, he will upgrade the current mechanical mode which was modeled after human labor force, bring it more electronic and intellectual, and introduce robots into the mode, to become a new leader in the this industry. Thirty-six-year-old Hao Yanbo's bright eyes are full of hope.<br /> <br /> He made an account for his hometown first. Currently, 300,000 mu of arid lands on the slopes of the Karachin Banner were not made good use of. If Chinese medicinal herbs can be planted there, at a minimum return of 1,000 yuan per mu, the total output can be worth 300 million yuan, enough for the local people to get rich. The second account was that there were 60 million mu of Chinese herbal medicine planting center in China and 200,000 medicine digging machines were required over 10% of which he can provide over 10% of which can rent from our village. Hence, earning in selling machines can be invested in facilitating land-circulation of three hundred thousand mu of arid lands on the slopes. He built a Chinese medicine industry demonstration zone, helping transfer the operation right of land of poor households, introduced domestic advanced experience, planted Chinese herbal medicines and established a team for Chinese medicine mechanical operation. He also leased digging machines from the poverty-stricken families from which he gathered labor forces to work in the demonstration zone. In this way, those families can gain earnings from renting lands and machines and labor force at the same time so as to shake off poverty. <br /> Besides, Hao Yanbo talked about his next dreams. One was in the vast field out of the window and the other in the laboratory of the enterprise. For the former, he had released the patent of the traditional Chinese medicine industry machinery and shared his planting experience in industrial zones to domestic counterparts. For the latter, he would change the current mechanical mode of imitating human labor into the mode of using robots by introducing electronic and smart technologies, which would be a new leader of Chinese medicine machinery industry. Thirty-six-year-old Hao Yanbo's bright eyes are full of vision.<br /> <br /> ==Part 18==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei ====<br /> <br /> 走进林保森的某一天<br /> <br /> Getting into Lin Baosen one day <br /> <br /> One day of Lin Baosen<br /> <br /> 林保森是我在赤峰见到的第一个脱贫攻坚工作队驻村第一书记。<br /> <br /> Lin Baosen was the first first secretary in the village I met in Chifeng to fight poverty.<br /> <br /> Lin Baosen was the first Major Secretary charge for village poverty alleviation I met at Chifeng.<br /> <br /> 在此之前两天，我错过了赤峰市扶贫办举办的驻村第一书记讲演比赛。赤峰市扶贫办政策法规科科长杨明霞细心又热情，让我一下飞机就得到了这批讲演材料。林保森的讲演材料题目为《从一箩筐到新一箩筐——我的驻村故事》，咦，挺有意思，这两个箩筐里装着些怎样的故事呢？我迫不及待地读起来，原来，箩筐就是他的驻村日记，“一箩筐”里记录的是这位第一书记驻村伊始遇到的种种人和事，像一双惊讶的眼睛；而“新一箩筐”里保存的是他投入地为村民百姓排忧解难的过程和细节，充满了喜悦和信心。<br /> <br /> Two days before that, I missed the speech contest held by the Chifeng Poverty Alleviation Office for the first secretary in the village. The Policy and Regulation Section chief of Chifeng City Poverty Alleviation Office, Yang Mingxia, was considerate and warm-hearted, so I could get this batch of presentation materials from her as soon as I got off the plane. The title of Lin Baosen's speech was &quot;From a basket to a new basket - my story in the village&quot;. Oh, I found it quite interesting. What were the stories in these two baskets? I couldn't wait to read. It turned out that the baskets were his diary in the village. &quot;A basket&quot; in the record was all kinds of people and things that he met at the beginning, like a pair of surprised eyes; &quot;a new basket&quot; documented the process and details of his commitment to solving the problems of the villagers, which were full of joy and confidence.<br /> <br /> Two days before, I missed the Speech Contest for the Major Secretary of the village held by the Chifeng Poverty Relief Office. Yang Mingxia, head of the Policy and Regulation Section of Chifeng Poverty Relief Office, was considerate and warm-hearted, so I could get the presentation materials of the speech contest from her as soon as I got off the plane. The title of Lin Baosen's speech was &quot;From a basket to a new basket - my story in the village&quot;. Well, I found it quite interesting and wonder what were the stories in these two baskets. I couldn't wait to read it. It turned out that the basket was his diary in the village. &quot;A basket&quot; in the title was recording of all kinds of people and things that he met at the beginning of his work in the village, like a pair of surprised eyes; &quot;a new basket&quot; documented the process and details of his commitment to solving the problems of the villagers, filled with joy and confidence.<br /> <br /> 恰好，我采访的第一站就是阿鲁科尔沁旗，高家段村是阿鲁科尔沁旗先锋乡的一个村，林保森就在这里当第一书记。<br /> <br /> By chance, the first stop of my interview was Aruqorqin Banner, Gaojiaduan Village was a village in the Pioneer Township of Aruqorqin Banner, where Lin Baosen was the first secretary.<br /> <br /> By chance, the first stop of my interview was Alukerqin Banner. Gaojiaduan Village was a village in the Pioneer Township of Alukerqin Banner, where Lin Baosen was the Major Secretary.<br /> <br /> “这个村子养殖业以黑驴为主导，一般户饲养驴不到十头，也有人家养了七八十头驴，高家段已经成立了养驴合作社，申请了产业扶贫养殖棚圈项目。在种植方面，以旱地种植为主， 这里的土地，缺水，干旱。高家段村由高家段、西靠山、马家段、新太平四个自然村组成，写在户口本上的人口1713人，实际上只有252户502人，其中年龄在三十岁以下的有6户，四十岁偏上的人家有20户， 五十到七十岁的人家占百分之七十以上。这个村绝大部分年轻人都离开了这里，有出去打工的，做小买卖的，上学的，上学毕业不再返乡的，他们留在村里的父母，多为经济窘迫，劳动能力渐弱，身体伤病，成了五保户、低保户、贫困户。”《一箩筐 2018年6月6日》<br /> <br /> &quot;People in the village mainly raise black donkeys. In general, the households breed donkeys less than ten. But some raise seventy to eighty donkeys. Gaojiaduan has set up a donkey breeding cooperative and applied for industrial poverty alleviation breeding shed project. In terms of planting, it is based on dryland. The land here is dry and arid. Gaojiaduan Village consists of four natural villages, namely Gaojiaduan, Xikaoshan, Majiaduan and Xintaiping, with a population of 1,713 people in the household register, but in fact there are only 252 households with 502 people, of which 6 households are under 30 years old, 20 households are over 40 years old, and over 70% of households are between 50 and 70 years old. The vast majority of young people in this village have left here. Some of them go out to work, do small business, go to school or graduate from school without returning to their hometowns. Their parents who stay in the village are mostly in financial distress, with weakened labor capacity, physical injuries and illnesses, and have become five guarantees households, low-income households, or poor households.&quot; A Bunch of Baskets June 6, 2018.<br /> <br /> &quot;People in this village mainly raise black donkeys for living. In general, one household hold less than ten donkeys. But some raise seventy to eighty donkeys. Gaojiaduan has set up a donkey breeding cooperative and applied for industrial poverty alleviation and breeding shed project. In terms of planting, it is mainly dryland planting as the land here is dry and arid. Gaojiaduan Village consists of four natural villages, namely Gaojiaduan, Xikaoshan, Majiaduan and Xintaiping, with a population of 1,713 people listed on the household register, but in fact there are only 252 households with 502 people, of which 6 households are under 30 years old, 20 households are over 40 years old, and over 70% of them are between 50 and 70 years old. The vast majority of young people in this village have left for work, small business, school or graduation from school without returning to their hometowns. Their parents who stay in the village are mostly in financial distress with weakened labor capacity, physical injuries and illnesses, so they have become households enjoying the Five Guarantees, low-income households, or poor households.&quot; From A Bunch of Baskets June 6, 2018.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 曾晨 Zeng Chen ====<br /> <br /> 林保森是教师出身，下派之前在旗应急管理局工作。原本林保森已经被派到查干浩特嘎查任驻嘎查第一书记。查干恰浩特在阿鲁科尔沁旗的东南部牧区，是个蒙古民族居多、农耕和牧业并重的地方。他 5月6日正式入村，第一个任务就是走门串户，迅速掌握了嘎查各贫困户的情况，尽管语言交流有一定困难，但是在嘎查干部的帮助下，他已经了解了每个贫困户的情况，哪家的病人每月三次透析，哪家的什么人得了动脉肿瘤，哪家为孤寡老人，哪家有残疾人等等，唯一的困难是语言交流障碍。<br /> <br /> Lin Baosen, first a teacher, used to work at County Emergence Management Agency before sending to work in villages. Originally he was already assigned to Chaganhaote Village as its Major Secretary. Chaganqiahaote locates at the southeast pastoral area of Alukerqin County. Most of its residents are Mongolians and its agriculture and animal husbandry are equally important. Officially assuming office at May sixth, Lin Baosen’s first mission was to go from door to door and quickly learned about the poor households in village. Despite the difficulty of communication, he knew clearly about the situation of poverty-stricken families with the help of other village officers. He knew whose family member got artery tumor, who are heirless elderly and which family has disabled person. The one hard problem is the language barrier.<br /> <br /> Lin Baosen, first a teacher, used to work at County Emergence Management Agency before being sent to work in villages. Originally he was already assigned to Chaganhaote Village as its Major Secretary. Chaganqiahaote locates at the southeast pastoral area of Alukerqin County. Most of its residents are Mongolians and its agriculture and husbandry are equally important. Officially assuming office at May sixth, Lin Baosen’s first mission was to go from door to door and quickly learned about the poverty-stricken households in village. Despite the difficulty of communication, he knew clearly about the situation of poverty-stricken families with the help of other village officers. He knew whose family member got artery tumor, who are heirless elderly and which family has disabled person. The one hard problem is the language barrier.<br /> <br /> “……开见面会，我很客气地讲了一点对驻村工作的认识，希望得到大家的支持。大家热烈鼓掌，让我感到很亲切。接着嘎查书记讲起了蒙语，大家又热烈鼓掌。我问书记，你说了什么？书记告诉我，我把你讲的翻译了一遍……看来蒙古族老乡，给足了我面子。<br /> <br /> “At the meeting, I humbly expressed my ideas about the village-based work and wished for everyone’s support. Everybody applauded wildly so I felt kind and nice. Then the Secretary started to speak in Mongolian and everybody applauded greatly again. I asked him what he said and he told me that he translated my words. Therefore it seems that the Mongolian compatriots treated me with respect.”<br /> <br /> “At the meeting, I humbly expressed my ideas about the village-based work and wished for everyone’s support. Everybody applauded wildly so I felt kind and nice. Then the Secretary started to speak in Mongolian and everybody applauded greatly again. I asked him what he said and he told me that he translated my words. Therefore it seems that the Mongolian compatriots treated me with respect.”<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 张海珊 Zhang Haishan ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 支委换届大会，第四项议程安排我宣读选举方案。我学会了用蒙语数数，知道“四”蒙语为“图鲁布”，就细心的听着，心想听到这个“图鲁布”，就该我宣读方案了。可是，一直也没听到这个“图鲁布”。这时候，会场突然安静下来了，所有眼睛都盯住了我，我还愣在一边，书记悄悄用汉语告诉我--该你宣读了。没有任何人笑我，大家都在呵护着我，帮助着我。在查干浩特嘎查虽然只有一个月的时间，有了大家的帮助，语言障碍已经不是太大问题了，我已经着手调研嘎查农田旱地改水浇地、个人浇地、堵路、危房鉴定等方面的问题，已经把扶贫项目库的具体项目，向贫困户做了讲解，让人高兴的是订购的一套阿迪老师编写的蒙语教材，今天也送来了……”《一箩筐 2018 5月17日》<br /> <br /> At the election meeting of the branch committee, I was arranged to read out the election plan in the fourth agenda. I learned to count in Mongolian, knowing that &quot;Tulubu&quot; stands for 4 in Mongolian,&quot; I was listening carefully, keeping in mind that after Tulubu is my turn to read the plan. However, I never heard of this &quot;Tulubu.&quot; At that time, the meeting suddenly went quiet. All eyes were fixed on me. I was still stunned. The secretary quietly told me in Chinese that it was my turn to read. No one laughed at me. Everyone was taking care of me and helping me. Although I had only been in Chaganhaote for one month, with everyone's help, the language barrier was no longer a big problem. I had already begun to investigate the problems of changing dry farmlands to irrigated lands, individual irrigating land, blocking roads, and identifying dilapidated houses in Gacha. We have explained the specific projects of the poverty alleviation to poverty-stricken households. What is gratifying is that a set of Mongolian teaching materials written by Adi teacher we ordered were sent today…&quot;A Whole Basket May 17, 2018&quot;<br /> <br /> At the election meeting of the branch committee, I was arranged to read the election plan in the fourth agenda. I learned to count in Mongolian, knowing that &quot;Tulubu&quot; in Mongolian stands for 4 in Chinese ,&quot; I was listening carefully and keeping in mind that after Tulubu is my turn to read the plan. However, I never heard this &quot;Tulubu.&quot; At that time, the meeting suddenly went quiet. All eyes were fixed on me. I was still stunned. The secretary quietly told me in Chinese that it was my turn to read. No one laughed at me. Everyone was taking care of me and helping me. Although I had only been in Chaganhaote for one month, with everyone's help, the language barrier was no longer a big problem. I had already begun to investigate the problems of changing dry farmlands to irrigated lands, individual irrigating land, blocking roads, and identifying dilapidated houses in Gacha. We have explained the specific projects of the poverty alleviation to poverty-stricken households. What gratifies me is that a set of Mongolian teaching materials written by Adi teacher we ordered were sent today…&quot;A Whole Basket May 17, 2018&quot;<br /> <br /> “按镇长要求，填报了灾害致贫统计表。顺便了解到两个自然村的旱地状况……查干浩特有2000亩旱地，在二十八户农户手中，因为全部集中在集通铁路北侧，如果旱改水需要将南部的井水引到铁路北侧，审批非常困难，也可以在北部重新打井拉电，投入较大)，需要费用二十万。如果此项目实施，群众要求多年的用水难问题可以解决。此问题，下一步要深入调研，拿出解决方案。”<br /> <br /> &quot;According to the requirements of the town mayor, I collected the disaster-caused poverty households statistics.&quot; By doing that, I learned about the dry land conditions of the two villages. There are 2000 mu of dry land in Chaganhaote, which is in the hands of 28 households. Because all of them are concentrated on the north side of the Jitong Railway, so if the dry land is changed into wet land, the well water in the south needs to be led to the north side of the railway, which is very difficult to approve. Alternatively, wells can be dug again in the north to pull electricity, which will cost 200,000 yuan. If this project is implemented, the problem of water shortage for many years can be solved. The next step is to conduct in-depth research and come up with a solution.&quot;<br /> <br /> &quot;According to the requirements of the head of county, I collected the disaster-caused poverty households statistics.&quot; By doing that, I learned about the dry land conditions of the two villages. There are 2000 acres of dry land in Chaganhaote, which is in the hand of 28 households. Because all of them are concentrated on the north side of the Jitong Railway, so if the dry land is changed into wet land, the well water in the south needs to be led to the north side of the railway, which is very difficult to approve. Alternatively, wells can be dug again in the north to pull electricity, which will cost 200,000 yuan. If this project is implemented, the problem of water shortage for many years can be solved. The next step is to conduct in-depth research and come up with a solution.&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 张珂珂 Zhang Keke ====<br /> <br /> <br /> “有位农户来到村部，找嘎查书记理论，原因是一个牧户把位于庙东南的四百六十亩地给卖了，而且昨天就按户把钱分了。农户十分激动，我便把他劝到西屋单独了解情况。原来，当年分地时，农民分到的是五百五十亩山地，牧民分到的是四百六十亩草场，当时要求草场不得改变性质做耕地，当年的村干部是牧户，所以把农民的五百五十亩的土地补贴均分给包括牧户在内的全体村民，现在牧户卖地的收入却没有农户的份儿。”<br /> <br /> A farmer came to the village ministry and complained to its secretary. It was because a herdsman had sold 460 acres of land in the southeast of the temple and then divided money into the herdsmen. The farmer was so angry that I persuaded him to another room for details alone. In fact, In the partitioning of the land, farmers were allotted 550 acres of mountain land, while herdsmen allotted 460 acres of grassland. At that time the grassland was not allowed to be farmland, but all of village leaders were herdsmen. As a result, the land subsidies originally to farmers were divided into all of villagers including the herdsmen. However, farmers can not count on land sales from herdsmen. <br /> <br /> A farmer came to the village ministry and complained to Mr. Cha, the secretary. It was because a herdsman had sold 460 acres of land in the southeast of the temple and already gave out the money to every household yesterday. The farmer was so angry that I persuaded him to enter another room to tell the details alone. In fact, In the partitioning of the land, farmers were allotted 550 acres of mountain land, while herdsmen allotted 460 acres of grassland. At that time the grassland was not allowed to be farmland, but all of village leaders were herdsmen. As a result, the land subsidies originally to farmers were give out to all villagers averagely including the herdsmen. However, farmers can not count on land sales from herdsmen. <br /> <br /> “农户说昨天卖的四百六十亩地，没有绿本，是集体的，应有农户的份儿，牧民说这四百六十亩是当年用五百五十亩旱地换的，已经十几年了，如果再这样要求，农民就应该把那五百五十亩地换回来，还说绿本仍在牧民手里。<br /> <br /> The farmer said, the herdsmen did not have the contracted management rights of 460 acres of grassland, which was collective and shared with farmers. But the herdsmen argued that 460 acres of grassland had been exchanged by 550 acres of farmland for over ten years and that the farmers should return 550 acres of farmland if they asked again.<br /> <br /> “The farmer said the herdsmen did not have the contracted management rights of the 460 acres of grassland, which was collective and shared with farmers. But the herdsmen argued that the 460 acres of grassland were exchanged by 550 acres of farmland several decades ago and that the farmers should return 550 acres of farmland if they continue to ask that. And the herdsmen said that the contracted management rights still belong to them.<br /> <br /> 原来在机关工作，从来没有接触过这样尖锐又复杂的民生问题。看来现实总是带着历史痕迹，而现实当中最难解决的莫过于历史留下的纠葛。既然已经在第一书记的岗位上了，就必须面对这些难题，了解情况，广泛听取意见是基础，用政策作为准绳是关键。看来农村不仅是广阔天地，还是我们这些青年干部的大课堂……<br /> <br /> Originally working in the government organs, I did not meet such complex livelihood issues. Obviously there is an always sign of history in reality, but the most difficult issue in reality is to solve the problems left by the history. Sitting as the first secretary, I have no choice but to face these issues, and hold on the policies on the basis of knowing the situation and getting feedback from the public. It seems that the rural areas are not only a vast land but also a school of us young leaders .<br /> <br /> In the past, Cha worked in the government organs, and did not meet such hard and complex livelihood issues. Obviously there is always a sign of history in reality, but the most difficult issue in reality is to solve the problems left by the history. Sitting as the first secretary, I have no choice but to face these issues, and hold on the policies on the basis of knowing the situation and getting feedback from the public. It seems that the rural areas are not only a vast land but also a school of us young leaders .<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 张思诗 Zhang Sishi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 嘎查小组长说：不确权不能申请出售，如果确权可以先申报。<br /> 村民代表说：有规定按规定执行，没有规定，可以经村民三分之二同意，否则第三方不敢测绘，乡政府不能发证……<br /> 每天都能学到新知识，每天都会遇到新问题。”《一箩筐2018年5月27日》<br /> 这一个月，每一天都充实地忙碌着，林保森由浅入深，由易到难，开始着手帮助贫困户解决各种问题。<br /> “下午，乌仁琪琪格申请给她儿子办低保的事情终于可得以确认，这样她们家就可以享受各种政策了。想来这事儿，一开始自己不了解政策，于是认真学习，按照政策反复测评，直到获得如此好的结果，甚慰。 ”《一箩筐2018年5月4日》<br /> “通过查阅档案核实，嘎查享受雨露计划的只有永青女儿一人，布仁巴图的儿子在北京读大学，经向绍根镇政府扶贫办副主任牡丹大姐请教得知，在大学里享受了国家助学贷款，就不能享受雨露计划，而永青女儿就读的中专，没有享受国家助学贷款，就可以享受雨露计划扶助。又弄明白一件事。”《一箩筐5月29日》<br /> <br /> Gacha team leader said: If you have not confirmed the right of selling, you can not apply for sale, and if you have confirmed it, you must declared first. The representative of villagers said, “When there are provisions, then obey the provisions, when no provision, It must be be agreed by not less than two-thirds of the villagers, otherwise the third party dare not survey, and the township government can not issue a certificate ...... every day to learn new knowledge, every day to encounter new problems.&quot; (A Laundry List, May 27, 2018) This month, every day is fully busy, Lin Baosen, from a small problem to a big one, from an easy one to a difficult one, began to help poor households to solve a variety of problems. &quot;In the afternoon, the application of Ureng Qiqige to her son for low income can finally be confirmed, so that their families can enjoy a variety of policie. Thinking of this thing, at first I do not understand the policy, so I studied it carefully, and try it again and again according to the policy, until get such a good result, which makes me very comfort. (A Laundry List, May 4, 2018) “By checking the records，It's has been verified that Yongqing's daughter is the only people who enjoys the Rain and Dew Program in Gacha. Buren Batu's son is studying at the university in Beijing, after consulting Sister Mudan, the deputy director of the Shaogan Town Government Poverty Alleviation Office, Lin Baosen learned that a person who enjoys the national student loans in his university can not enjoy the Rain and Dew Program at the same time, and Yongqing’s daughter studies in a secondary school which dosen’t have national student loan, so she can enjoy the Rain and Dew Program. After that，I’ve understood one more thing about the policy&quot; (A Laundry List, May 9, 2018)<br /> <br /> Gacha team leader said: If you have not confirmed the right of selling, you can not apply for sale, and if you have confirmed it, you must declared first. The representative of villagers said, “When there are provisions, then we should obey the provisions, when no provision, It must be be agreed by no less than two-thirds of the villagers, otherwise the third party dare not survey, and the township government can not issue a certificate ...... Everyday I learnt new things, and also I encountered new problems.&quot; (A Laundry List, May 27, 2018) This month, every day was fully busy, Lin Baosen, from a small problem to a big one, and from an easy one to a difficult one, began to help poor households to solve a variety of problems. &quot;In the afternoon, the application Ureng Qiqige submitting for her son for subsistence allowance can finally be confirmed, so their families could enjoy a variety of policies. Thinking of this, at first I did not understand the policy, so I studied it carefully, and experimented it again and again according to the policy, until I got such a good result, which made me very relieved. (A Laundry List, May 4, 2018) “By checking the records，It has been verified that Yongqing's daughter was the only people who enjoyed the Rain and Dew Program in Gacha. Buren Batu's son was studying at university in Beijing, after consulting Sister Mudan, the deputy director of the Shaogan Town Government Poverty Alleviation Office, Lin Baosen learned that a person who enjoys the national student loans in his university can not enjoy the Rain and Dew Program at the same time, and Yongqing’s daughter studied in a secondary school which didn’t have national student loan, so she could enjoy the Rain and Dew Program. After that，I’ve understood one more thing about the policy&quot; (A Laundry List, May 9, 2018)<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 张婷 Zhang Ting ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 就在林保森全身心投入查干浩特嘎查的扶贫攻坚工作的时候，一道命令，把他调到高家段村来了。林保森认为，一个青年人，能够赶上脱贫攻坚这个人类历史上的宏大工程，无论在哪个位置上做一粒棋子，无疑都是终身难以忘记的淬火历练，而最终在生命里留下的不仅是记忆，还有成长和成熟。二话没说，他打起背包就出发，路过家门而不入，直接就来到了高家段。当时，高家段上届村两委已经到了换届的时候，全村上下正在酝酿着新班子的选举，也酝酿着一次人际关系的较量。<br /> <br /> Lin Baosen was ordered to work in Gao Jiaduan village just when he devoted himself to the poverty alleviation of Chaganhot Gacha. Lin thought that it was undoubtedly unforgottable and valuable experiences through one's lifes for young people to participate in the great project in human history of poverty reduction, and what finally what leaft in lifes is not only memory,but also growth and maturity. Therefore, without second thought he picked up his bag and directly came to Gao jiaduan village, passing his home but no entering. By the time Lin arrived, it was the time to re-select the village two committees. The whole village was preparing for the election of new personnel of the committee, also a upcoming competition of social relationship.<br /> <br /> Lin Baosen was ordered to work in Gao Jiaduan village just when he devoted himself to the poverty alleviation of Chaganhot Gacha. Lin thought that, for young people, it was undoubtedly an unforgottable and valuable experience through one's life to participate in the poverty reduction--a great project in human history, regardless of one's position. And what finally left in life is not only memory,but also growth and maturity. Therefore, without second thought he picked up his bag and directly came to Gao jiaduan village, passing his home but no entering. By the time Lin arrived, it was the time to re-select the village party branch and village committee. The whole village was preparing for the election of new leading group, also a upcoming competition of social relationship.<br /> <br /> “路遇村民尤桂生，他快六十了。他知道我是第一书记之后，劝我别在这个村做第一书记了，给我说了几句顺口溜——宁走阎王殿，不走高家段，马家段，來歹沟。”他是退伍军人，也是五保户，听说一直在上访告状，不知何因，他还告诉我现在身体不好，好了要告到底。自己只有安稳地听着，我知道自己在读一本书，这算个开头。” <br /> <br /> &quot;On my way to Gao Jiaduan village, I came across a villager, You Guisheng, a man nearly 60 years old.&quot; Lin said, &quot;He persuaded me not acceeding the first secretary of the village when he was acknowledged of the news. Also he talked to me several jingles, which says that I'd rather go to the Palace of Hell than to go to Gao J iaduan and Ma Jiaduan, the sewer.&quot; &quot;He was a veteran and guaranteed with food, clothes, medical care, household and funeral. It was said that he continuely applied for an audience with the higher authorities and brought a lawsuit against someone with unknown reason. He also told me that he was not in good health condition now, and he would sue when he got better. I had only to listen to him quietly. I felt like reading a book, and this was only the beginning.&quot;<br /> <br /> On my way to Gao Jiaduan village, I came across a villager, You Guisheng, a man nearly 60 years old.&quot; Lin said, &quot;He persuaded me not acceeding the first secretary of the village after he was acknowledged of the news. Also he told me a jingle read that &quot;I'd rather go to the Hell than to Gao Jiaduan Ma Jiaduan, and Laidai Gou.&quot; &quot;He was a veteran guaranteed with food, clothes, medical care, household and funeral, but it was said that he has continuely applied for an audience with the higher authorities and brought a lawsuit against someone with unknown reason. He also told me that he's in poor health now, but he wouldn't stop suing until there's a result when he got better. All i could do is to listen to him quietly. I realized I was reading a book, and that was just the beginning.<br /> <br /> “村委会换届选举大会会场上，突然出现四个人，一问，不是来参加投票的，他们拿着手机在会场上一通拍照，扬言不公平就告……还说有村中城市户口的夫妇二人也参加了选举，真实情况是该夫妇二人经查实确实参加了选举，还被落选者告发到了乡政府，乡政府按规定重新测算了选票数，没有改变选举结果。后听人说：这是有人为了在落选后证明选举不合理，故意把该夫妇二人找来参选的)<br /> <br /> &quot;At the meeting of the general election of the village committee, four people suddenly appeared. When asked, they were not here to vote. They took pictures with their mobile phones at the meeting, and threatened to sue if it was unfair. A couple who had urban residence certificates also participated in the election. The truth is that the couple had indeed participated in the election after verification, and they were reported to the township government by the loser. The township government re-measured the number of votes according to regulations but did not change the election result. Later, I heard someone say: This is someone who deliberately brought the couple to run for election in order to prove that the election was unreasonable after losing the election.&quot;<br /> <br /> &quot;At the election meeting of the village committee appeared four people suddenly. When asked, they were not here to vote. They took pictures with their mobile phones at the meeting, threatening to sue if there was any inequity. Someone said a couple who had urban residence certificates also participated in the election. Later it was proved that they had indeed done that. Then they were reported to the township government by the loser. The government recounted the number of votes according to regulations but did not change the election result. Later, I heard someone say: The couple were deliberately brought to run for election by someone losing it, in order to prove the irrationality of the election.&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> “选举之后，有落选者来电约我唠唠，我说来办公室吧，他说要我去他家，我就去了。到他家一看，已经来了三个村民，在等我，他们向我反映了很多村中以往的问题，例如道路问题，自来水问题，他还提出要承包自来水工程，分文不收，但只能供给西联组百姓，不许高家段共用。谈话中，他们总是让我表态，我没有表态，考虑必须要有全局思维，不能只听一面之词。这时候，我发现茶几的边角处，藏着一支录音笔，心里顿时奔跑起来十万只骆驼……”<br /> <br /> “After the election, one of also-rans called me wishing to have a talk. I invited him to my office, but he wanted to talk at his home, then I went. When I arrived, there were already three villagers waiting for me, who later reported many lingering problems in the village, such as the road construction and water supply. He also said he would contract for water supply projects for free. But only villagers of the Western Union Group could enjoy that, the Gaos disallowed. They always urged me to take a stand in the talk. But I didn’t do that, for you must take the big picture into consideration instead of thinking unilaterally. Then suddenly, I noticed in the corner of the tea table hid a recording pen. I was shocked so much and depressed a bit as if there were a hundred thousand camels running in my mind…”<br /> <br /> “After the election, one of also-rans called me wishing to have a talk. I invited him to my office, but he wanted to talk with me at his home, then I went. When I arrived, there were already three villagers waiting for me, and then they later reflect many lingering problems in the village to me, which include the road construction and water supply. He also said he would contract for water supply projects for free. But only villagers of the Western Union Group could enjoy that, the Gaos disallowed. They always urged me to take a stand in the talk. But I didn’t do that, for you must take the big picture into consideration instead of thinking unilaterally. Then suddenly, I noticed in the corner of the tea table hid a recording pen. I was shocked so much and depressed a bit as if there were boiling water poured into my heart…”<br /> <br /> “召开党员会议，了解情况，发现一位高龄的老党员，叫姜海山，对于村里的情况十分了解，看问题也是十分客观。后来跟村委打听，才知道这位是姜海山大爷，老党员，九十多岁了，真不像啊，他老人家腰板挺直，头脑清楚，身体健康，全村人都十分敬重他。在关于危房改造的文件已下达后，他和儿媳妇出现在我们的办公室里，很客气地要求解决住房问题。他住在儿子家里，孙子要结婚，我估计是儿媳妇的主意。于是答应协调民政方面了解情况，并亲自将老爷子送回家。”<br /> <br /> “The meeting of Party members informed me more about the situation. I found an elderly party member named Jiang Haishan, who is fully aware of the village and has an objective view of things. We didn’t know who he was until we inquired about him from the villager’s committee. Uncle Jiang, a senior party member in his nineties, shows no trace of his age, with his straight back, clear mind and sound body. In the village nobody disrespects him at all. Having received the documents about renovation of dilapidated buildings, he appeared at our office with her daughter-in-law and politely asked for a solution to the housing problem. He has lived with his son, and his grandson is about to get married who might need a new marital home. So I guessed that’s the idea of his daughter-in-law. Then I agreed to coordinate with civil authorities to be better informed and sent him home personally.”<br /> <br /> “The meeting of Party members informed me more about the situation. I found an elderly party member named Jiang Haishan, who have fully known about the village and has an objective view on a lot of things. We didn’t know who he was until we inquired about him from the villager’s committee. Uncle Jiang, a senior party member in his nineties with straight back, clear mind and sound body, shows no trace of his age. In the village, nobody disrespects him at all. Having received the documents about renovation of dilapidated buildings, he appeared at our office with her daughter-in-law and politely asked for a solution to the housing problem. He has lived with his son, and his grandson is about to get married who might need a new marital home. So I guessed that’s the idea of his daughter-in-law. Then I agreed to coordinate with civil authorities to be better informed and sent him home personally.”<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 章颖雯 Zhang Yingwen ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 一个新来乍到的年轻的第一书记，面对扑面而来的种种问题，真的有点不知所措了，林保森有一段时间是沉默的，遇到事情轻易不敢表态，一时间看似有点灰头土脸，其实他的两脚一刻也没有停下来，每天在贫困户的场院里、屋里走来走去，他的大脑每时每刻都在高速运转着。宁走阎王殿，不走高家段？为什么这里矛盾四起，为什么在这里落实点事情总是一波三折？<br /> <br /> A newly-come secretary with young age, Lin Baosen, who was confronted with lots of problems, was at a loss. Once upon a time, Lin was silent for anything. He seemed to be demoralized, however in fact, he was busy in doing work at poor residents’ homes. Just as the saying goes, “who’d better die than working in Gao Jia Duan.” Why there are always a lot of problems here, and why theirs’ solutions are always with twists and turns?<br /> <br /> The newly-come secretary with young age, Lin Baosen, in the face of the problems that happen, was really a bit overwhelmed. Once upon a time, Lin was silent for anything. He seemed to be demoralized, however in fact, he was busy doing work for poor residents. He has been thinking why people said that better go to the palace of death, not to work in the Gaojia Duan, why there are always a lot of problems here, and why their implementations are always with twists and turns?<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 沉下去，沉到民情民意的深处，沉到村民百姓的生活的深处，希望的起点处，林保森在努力寻找一把钥匙。在他的驻村手记里，记录了一些这样的小故事。<br /> <br /> It requires Lin to understand the real thinking of local residents at their bottom of heats, adapting to their life and seeking solutions. In Lin’s diary, it recorded such stories:<br /> <br /> Lin was exploring a way to understand the real thinking of the local residents at their hearts, to achieve their wishes. In his dairy, it recorded such stories:<br /> <br /> 自从那天姜海山大爷到村委会提出改善住房的要求以后，他和他的家人便再也没有出现过。为什么和其它村民一而再、再而三地索要不一样呢？林保森问了村委会，得知这老爷子曾经当过二十七年的大队党支部书记，退下来这么多年，没有因为任何个人的事情找过村里，他经常说的一句话就是“别给公家添麻烦”。农村这些年发生了翻天覆地的变化，土地承包以后，乡村的生活，已经以个体为单位，公家这个概念，弱到了极点，在村民的心思里，公家就是给予，就是承担，没有麻烦的时候公家就像远山一样和自己无关，没有谁把公家放在心上来呵护。<br /> <br /> Since Jiang Haishan put forward his opinion of improving his houses to the rural commission , he and his family have not appeared again. So why Jiang always request such different things from others? Therefore, Lin asked the rural commission, and came to know that Jiang had ever taken the position of party branch secretary for 27 years. After retiring for so many years, he had never asked somebody from the commission for help with his own affairs, and he often said: “do not add extra problem to the public institutions.” Rural areas have taken great place in recent years, people’s life has divided separately after the initiating of contractual land system. However, the concept of public institutions has faded in people’s hearts, so rural residents think that public institutions have the responsibility of giving and taking. No one would remember public institutions when they have nothing to ask for help.<br /> <br /> Jiang Haishan and his family have not been seen since the day he went to the village committee to ask for better housing. So why is it different from other villagers who ask for something again and again? Therefore, Lin asked the rural commission, and came to know that Jiang had ever taken the position of party branch secretary for 27 years. After retiring for so many years, he had never asked somebody from the commission for help with his own affairs, and he often said: “do not make troubles for the public.” Recent years have seen great changes in rural area. People’s life has divided separately after the initiation of contractual land system. However, the concept of public institutions has faded in people’s hearts, so rural residents think that public institutions have the responsibility of giving and taking. No one would remember public institutions when they have nothing to ask for help.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 别给公家添麻烦——这是姜海山老爷子内心世界的自然流露。“别给公家添麻烦”似乎就是一条通道，连着一个年轻党员和一位近七十年党龄的老党员，林保森要沿着这个通道，去追溯力量和勇气。<br /> 姜海山老爷子住在二儿子家。二儿子家的房子的确并不宽敞。对面屋，老爷子占一间，儿子儿媳占一间，中间是吃饭和做饭的地方。正如姜海山老爷子的儿媳所说，如果姜海山老爷子的孙子结婚回来，真的就没有地方住了。二儿媳妇在这件事上比较用心，当初林保森入村的第二天，早上四五点钟，就有两个老太太不请自来，要求解决房子问题，其中就有她。老爷子可能开始比较无奈，最终表态反对继续要，老爷子发了话，儿子儿媳妇也就偃旗息鼓了。<br /> <br /> That don't make trouble for the public is the natural revelation of Jiang Haishan's inner world. And that seems to be a passage, connecting a young party member and a party veteran of nearly 70 years. Lin Baosen wants to trace strength and courage along this passage. Jiang Haishan lived with his second son. The second son's house was certainly not large. There were two rooms facing each other, one for Jiang Haishan and the other for his son and his daughter-in-law. And in the middle was a place for eating and cooking. As his daughter-in-law said, if Jiang Haishan's grandson gets married and comes back, there really will be no place to live. She was very concerned about this. At four or five o 'clock in the morning, on the second day of Lin Baosen's arrival in the village, two old ladies came uninvited and asked to solve the house problem. She was one of them. Jiang may be relatively helpless at the beginning, and finally expressed his opposition to continue to ask for house. Therefore, the son and his wife had to give up the idea.<br /> <br /> That don't make trouble for the public is the natural revelation of Jiang Haishan's inner world. And that seems to be an inspiration from a party veteran of nearly 70 years to the young party member. With such inspiring words Lin Baosen finds strength and courage. Jiang lived with his second son whose house, however, was not large. There were only two bedrooms facing each other, one for Jiang and the other for his son and his daughter-in-law. Between the two rooms squeezing in the narrow space for eating and cooking. Therefore, if Jiang's grandson gets married one day and moves back, there will be no room to live in, as his daughter-in-law said. She was very concerned about this. Back to the second day of Lin Baosen's arrival in the village, at as early as four or five o 'clock in the morning, she, with another woman, came uninvited to asked him for a solution. At the beginning Jiang felt relatively helpless but he finally articulated his reluctance on the application for a bigger house. With words said, the son and his wife had to give up the idea.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 周子豪 Zhou Zihao ====<br /> <br /> 九十三岁的姜海山老爷子，1948年参加中国人民解放军，参加了辽沈战役、淮海战役后，随部队到广东、海南剿匪，抗美援朝时期给中国人民志愿军政治部主任杜平当警卫员，194８年在淮海战役中火线入党，转业后两次放弃城市工作，回到农村当大队党支部书记多年，其人言必行，行必果，领着社员们走过了中国农村跌宕起伏的岁月。在他的身上充满了正能量和历史感，几十年下来，村里党支部的三会一课，他从未缺席，党组织倡导的任何事情，他都带头践行。他对于改革开放和脱贫攻坚的坚决拥护，来自于亲生经历的历史，他从不以老军人，老功臣自居，不找，不要，不向国家伸手，至今只享受着普通城镇低保待遇。所以他德高望重，每逢大事时候，姜海山老爷子发话，就像定海神针一样镇得住村里的风吹草动。<br /> <br /> Jiang Haishan, now 93 years old, had joined in the PLA in 1948. During his service, he had participated in the wars of Liaoshen and Huaihai before they moved to Guangdong and Hainan to exterminate banditry there. Then during the war to resist US aggression and aid Korea he was a guard for Du Ping, director of the Political Department of the Chinese People's Volunteers. He has been a member of the CPC since 1948 during the war of Huaihai. After his dischargement he chosed to give up his jobs in city just to returned to the countryside and served as the secretary of the party branch of the brigade for many years. He is a tenacious man with good credits who led people through the ups and downs of China's coutryside. He is a man unshakable. For those several decades he had never been absent for any meeting and always he was the leader to enforce anything advocated by the Party. His resolute support for the Reform and Opening-up and poverty alleviation comes from his own experience. He has never regarded himself as an honourable veteran or an hero, so he never asked for help from the government, and so far he only enjoys the ordinary subsidy in towns. Therefore, he is highly respected, and whenever there is a big event his words can always unite the village.<br /> <br /> Jiang Haishan, now 93 years old, joined the PLA in 1948. During his service, he had participated in the Liaoshen and Huaihai Campaigns before he, following his troop, moved to Guangdong and Hainan to suppress bandits there. Then during the war to resist US aggression and aid Korea he was a guard for Du Ping, director of the Political Department of the Chinese People's Volunteers. He has been a member of the CPC since 1948 during the Huaihai Campaign. After his transfer to another job, he has chosen to quit his jobs in the city twice just to return to the countryside and has served as the secretary of the party branch of the brigade for many years. He is a tenacious man with good credits who led people through the ups and downs of China's rural areas. He is a man full of positive energy and a sense of history. For those several decades he had never been absent from any meeting and always the leader to enforce everything advocated by the Party. His firm support for the Reform and Opening-up and poverty alleviation comes from his own experience. He never regards himself as an honorable veteran or a hero, so he never asks for help from the government, and so far he has merely enjoyed the subsistence allowance in towns. Therefore, he is highly respected, and whenever there is a big event his words can always unite the village.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 姜海山老爷子的住房内十分简朴，最引人注目的就是一个黑色的手提包。林保森向姜海山老爷子直诉情怀，道出了心中的烦恼。老爷子没有过多的话，从手提包里拿出一个红色的布包，里面有辽参战役参战纪念章、淮海战役参战纪念章，抗美援朝纪念章，还有一枚三等功军功章，这些宝贵的纪念章，用一块大红色的尼龙布包裹的，这块红布，是当年抗美援朝期间，击落美国飞机时，他从战场上捡到的美军飞行员降落伞的碎片。由此，姜海山老爷子，慢慢向林保森讲述了自己如何在贫苦的生活中寻找到解放军，如何在战场上穿过枪林弹雨，如何在朝鲜吃雪就炒米，如何带领村民开荒种地和干旱搏斗，只为老百姓能过上不挨饿受冻的好日子。姜海山老爷子认为，如今的脱贫攻坚，是当年共产党人理想的继续，是历史遗留下来的未完成的工作。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 林保森感觉自己在最贴近土地的农舍里听了一堂深刻而充满力量的党课，从此姜海山老爷子成了他学习的榜样，也成了他深深依恋的忘年交。隔一段时间，林保森就会去看看老爷子，和他聊聊天，唠唠村里的大事小情。姜海山老爷子，一直话语不多，但是关键时刻却可以动真章，后来，在全国上下抵抗疫情的时刻，他挺身而出，作为共产党员，甘当自愿者，一个人承包十几户人家的网格化管理，战斗在守护家园的第一线，令人敬仰赞叹。<br /> 林保森知道自己应该行动了，就像当初姜海山老爷子，1948年在热河老家穿上黄土布军装时那样，心里豪情满满，勇气倍增。<br /> “修井问题是村里多年不能解决的老大难问题，也是两不愁三保障中的硬指标，可总是问一问，答一答，不问便没有了回应，涉及的各方面总是各持一词，都说自己有难处，我也不知道问题到底出在哪里，村上？乡里？施工队？<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 我决定抛开各方面自己追办这件事，通知了村上交电费，然后直接联系施工人员，定下具体施工时间，然后跟施工人员从天山镇出发，一路追随，在阿旗'一日游',先后跟到新民乡，巴彦花、乌兰哈达，盯着他们干完每一项工程，领着他们来到高家段，忙碌一上午，终于使得高家段和西联两个自然村试水成功，对于井已经干了的西靠山、新太平两个自然村，只能重新再打一眼井。<br /> 当我回村的时候，在村口遇到了郑力芳老人，他握着我的手一遍遍地说，太感谢你们了，太感谢你们了。”<br /> “四个村整体的自来水工程定标结束， 张福中标，此时自来水施工已经完成，招标的岗位是自来水管理员，因为涉及到刚刚选举结束后各矛盾纠纷，所以很多人想争这个岗位，但最终没敢参与，我向张福那么公开地，大张旗鼓地表达祝贺，其实是代表期待通水的村民表达谢意，也是在公开地挺他 。这时候有个村民突然带着怒气，跑来大骂，一口一句脏话，我替书记阻挡，未成，回头劝村主任离开。这个人见状立刻冲我来了。我知道，他哥哥落选村主任，他心里有怨气。其实他没有什么证据，开口就胡嚷嚷——这事儿不公正，不透明。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 我拿出材料，一一回答他——程序公开透明，村代会通过，中标者已经公示，他混搅，说不知道，我说那你回家问问你媳妇，她参加会了，具体情况她应该是知道得一清二楚的。<br /> 这人不听，反而变本加厉，说你们工作队和两委是一伙儿的，竟摆出要动手的架势。<br /> 实在没有忍住，我也拍案而起：‘村委会不是你撒野的地方，当初老百姓吃不上水的时候，你哪里去了？找不到施工队的时候你哪里去了？我费劲巴力地找来了施工队，你就来闹事儿了，我告诉你，我和你不一样，我是有底线的，如果有什么你说的猫腻，我第一个不让！但是容不得你来捣乱！’没想到这一喊，他立即蔫了……不过，还真不能搞僵关系，对以后开展工作不利，他的身后可能有一个宗亲。后来，我的一个学生家里请客，他哥哥在场，我手拉着手跟他喝酒，酒喝透了，话也说透了，一直把他送回家，他们一族也就不再疏远我们了。” 林保森《一箩筐》。<br /> 交谈中，林保森告诉我，乱麻一团，总有最关键的那几根，找到了拽出来，其它麻团就迎刃而解了。高家段，关键就是因为一个穷字，所以人人在利益上锱铢必较，人人觉得活得不安稳，老百姓拿什么求安稳呢，土地、补助而已。所以每一次有关利益的分配，都可能是导火索，加上村中错综复杂的人际关系起作用，矛盾和冲突，便周而复始，愈演愈烈，自己遇到的，不过是几个小火星。扶贫先扶志，贫穷和<br /> 愚昧是孪生兄弟，人的精神提升，往往于他本身存在的状况有关。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> “除了养驴，高家段村还有什么项目可以致富呢？投入不能太大，尤其要考虑到贫困户的劳动能力可以承受，我找了旗里的科技指导员，检测了村里的土质，得知适合种枣树。便发动爱心人士捐助，买回来一千五百棵枣树苗，每个贫苦户分给十棵，(其他人家每户五棵，长住户家家有份)，让他们在院子里种植。在广播通知以后，大家来取树苗了。所有的人都挑棵大叶多的树苗拿，随手便把小棵的四处乱扔，真不知道该说什么好，心里暗暗生气。一边告诉自己沉住气，一边收拾起被乱扔的小棵树苗，放到土坑里，给晚来的村民保存着，我想到了明年结果的时候，村民们就会发现有苗不愁长，树苗棵大棵小并不影响它们长成满枝硕果的大树，他们也会为今天的行为内疚。要么，在全村枣树都开花的时候，领着大家到各家看看，交流一下栽种枣树的经验，顺便提今天发树苗时一些人的行为，效果比现在直接训斥大家效果好……在村里工作，不能操之过急，不能期望一步迈进新时代。”林保森《一箩筐》。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> “贫困户张琢隋海英一家，生活困难到了没有办法坚持下去的程度，一直在为他们想办法， 给隋海英 安排了一个公益扫街岗位，每月收入七百八十元，后来想给他们家落实一个家庭养殖项目，发现投入太大，又探讨种地项目，要种不能种一般作物，那样收入太低，最后，从周边村子引进了种豆角的项目，可以获得相对丰厚的收入。但是隋海英家的地需要浇灌，没有电，拉电，需要贷款。知道隋海英两口子都是踏踏实实过日子的人，不会半途而废，于是通过关系找到农商银行的办公室主任，人家回答说由于种种原因，现在扶贫贷款还没有放，我找了行长，说明了种植季节不等人的情况，得到了特批，我帮着隋海英办了手续，拿到了贷款，又去电力公司，讲好价格，直到看着工人给他家地里安好了浇灌系统，看着他们夫妻种下的豆角一天天出苗结荚，接着又帮助他家吸收村民来摘豆角，这样既帮了他家的忙，又使摘豆角的村民每天有一百二十元的收入。看来种豆角是个值得推广的好选项，今年由于买豆角架竹竿，隋海英两口子到手现金不多，但是明年就好了，一是不用投入竹竿钱了，而是其他人家也要学她家种豆角，村里凑够五十亩，就有烘干厂来地里直接收购，不用费时费钱出去找买主了，想想，我都替他们家高兴……”林保森《新一箩筐》<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 我们在高家段村外的田地边等候到镇里办事的林保森。赤峰的十月下旬，已经下过了几场小雪，蔬菜已经罢园，地里的庄稼进了场院，大地呈现不同层次的暖色调，有一种油画般的美。他来了，个子不高，脸上带着温和微笑，略显腼腆，给人的感觉很随和。恰巧路旁是个贫困户夫妻开的五金及农机应用商店，小铺不大。老板夫妇不认识我们，见了林书记，立马热络起来，我们只得站住脚，听他们和林保森絮叨生意状况。村里人有什么话愿意跟第一书记唠，因为第一书记比较贴心。后来证明我的这个直觉没错。<br /> 进村，我要求到工作队的驻地看看，林保森说，欢迎，就是有点乱。我说看的就是乱。<br /> 扶贫攻坚驻村干部每天有一百元的生活补贴，用于伙食、住房、交通等等，算是基本够用。但是一般情况下，有三件事是花销比较多的，就是来回到旗里开会、东跑西颠为贫困户和村里张罗求助、自掏腰包帮助贫困户。所以驻村工作队的生活是很简朴的。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 高家段驻村工作队租用的是一户村民的旧房，带一个小院套，对面屋，中间部分用现在的话说算是个厅，厅里面被一个塑料拉门隔为厨房。我走进厨房，看到地上有两个大缸，一个装着新积的酸菜，一个装着刚刚腌下的芥菜疙瘩，都装得冒尖满，每个缸上都压着一块大石头。卧室里的炕是新盘的，一摸暖烘烘的。我说，你们还会积酸菜呀？林保森略带自豪地告诉我，我们哪里有这手艺，这都是上礼拜六，乡亲们帮着弄的，一来好几个人，七手八脚就搞定了，炕也是他们找来村里的盘炕老把式帮着重新盘的，老乡说，在外面忙乎一天，晚上睡个热炕，什么病乏都驱走了。<br /> 我说你们人缘不错呀？林保森说，现在好了，老乡们知道咱们是实心实意为他们来的，有感情了。<br /> 在厨房的外面，对面屋的中间，有一张办公桌，上面放着笔记本电脑和一些文具，庄重地摆放着一面国旗，一面党旗，鲜艳夺目，把整个环境都提亮了。这是林保森的第二个办公处。桌子面对的墙上，有一个全村扶贫进度一览表，按着时间和姓名，所有扶贫对象的收入状况，身体状况，亟待解决的问题，皆可以从上面查找到。<br /> 最吸睛是这张图上疏疏密密地的小贴士。哪一家需要解决的问题，都写在小贴士上，用大头针按在这一家的格子里。当我结束采访不久，收到了林保森发来的文件，写明了这些问题最终的办理结果。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 一、高景林与朱荣仓一卡通问题。<br /> 因高景林与朱荣仓二人在系统里错误显示身份证号相同，所以近几年二人一卡通打卡各种补贴费用，都被打到其中一人卡上，高景林的卡上未收到任何款项，找了几次之后也没找明白，我到乡财政所，调取了他们帐号记录之后，请财政所长给他们进行了更改，把属于高景林的各种款项，转给了他本人，后续的账户变更问题，也相继给变更好了。 <br /> 二、岳珠祥对收入不认可不签字<br /> 我们测算收入的时候，他对自己家收入没有完全透明公开，而我们在测算中发现了这个问题，所以他对我们的测算结果，就是不签字，我当时说自己上他们家去做工作，没想到去了几次都做不通工作，在申明了相关政策法规之后，他才最终认可签字。 <br /> 三、钟爱臣与邻居家庭院经济纠纷 <br /> 这是我入村遇到的第一个问题，钟爱晨与邻居家因为地里的一条垄，打得不可开交，都说这条垄是自己家的，我们把他们找到一起，协调了很多次，要求他们双方各退一步，中间公共的一条垄，谁也不种，纠纷才算得以解决。<br /> 四、西靠山75号张宏礼因骨折花费3万多<br /> 已经为他申请临时救助。<br /> 五、罗殿君之女罗小丽煤补问题<br /> 罗殿君多次找到村部和驻地，说他女儿的煤补一直未发放，后来我到乡财政所给他调取了一卡通记录，其中显示煤补已经打到他家的一卡通，我把记录交给他，他才消除心中疑虑。<br /> <br /> <br /> === Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 六、罗殿臣家房子问题<br /> 罗殿臣家本来就是土房，因为下雨外面墙皮脱落，西北墙角处有一个洞，漏雨漏风。因为他家是贫困户，我就联系乡政府和施工队，给他进行了免费维修。<br /> 七、高志辉孩子意外伤害住院问题<br /> 村民高志辉家孩子因为热水烫伤，没办任何手续就去了赤峰市医院，花销较大，我就主动帮他们联系了医保局，通过稽核股王股长为他们办理了报销手续。<br /> 八、毕武廷老人危改进行时<br /> 毕武廷老人的房子是危房，年久失修，我们做通她儿女的工作，子女出一部分资金，财政补贴一部分资金，为老人进行了危房改造，我当天到现场去的时候，施工人员正在施工。<br /> 九、张子斌与旗车检所事宜，好事，咨询是否能扩大范围。<br /> 车检所在我们村设立了一个扶贫岗位，确定了张子斌老人，我想和他们老板再沟通一下，看能不能增加名额，再解决一个岗位给贫困户，没办成 。<br /> 十、王翠花申请低保（张军母亲） <br /> 王翠花老人从天山镇搬回到村里居住，向我们申请低保。我从她嘴里得知杜红军家的姨妈，已经搬到他家，而且是瘫痪多年，需要重点关注。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> 十一、乡政府召开了关于小额信贷的会议。<br /> 给尤桂清上报，他老伴儿孟相如符合条件。<br /> 十二、张红新的孩子欲去天山幼儿园就读。<br /> 我为他家儿子联系了一所天山幼儿园上学的名额。<br /> 十三、张明国老爷子的社保卡<br /> 张明国老爷子七十多岁了，社保卡遗失，所有补贴都没办法支取，儿女都不在身边，他很着急，却没办法补办。他和我说完之后，我去了农商银行，我表明了高家段村第一书记身份，并且说明了老爷子的具体情况，工作人员很支持我们的扶贫工作，允许我替他代办了一张，当我把卡交给老爷子的时候，他特别感动。<br /> 十四、张臣的大病申请 <br /> 张臣老人因为患心脏病，我到医保局三次 ，医保局负责办理这事儿的董威，很热心地帮助我办理完所有手续。<br /> 十五、刘晓明家庭农场办理事宜，待出证。<br /> 我鼓励全村的种养大户注册家庭农场，享受政策补贴。只要他们申请，我全程负责办理， 我们村现已成功注册了四个家庭农场，其中刘晓明家庭农场是全旗第一个种植业家庭农场。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> 十六、胡占明老伴办残疾证问题<br /> 胡占明老伴常年卧床，现在办理残疾证需要当面审核，我咨询了残联对于卧床老人的政策，残联当时没有答复，后来告知，必须到医院进行鉴定，后来子女带老人进行了鉴定，为她办理了残疾人手续。<br /> 十七、毕晓光危墙很危险！<br /> 我们在村子里发现毕晓光家厢房外墙有坍塌危险，对于路过的人来说非常危险，于是找到他母亲通知他，催促其及时进行修复整改。<br /> 十八、陈术丰欲变更低保等级，待动态时，咨询。<br /> 陈术丰的妻子王广琴因患乳腺癌花销巨大，他申请提高低保等级，后来在低保动态调整时，我们向乡政府提出了申请，给他提高了级别。<br /> ……<br /> 在林保森驻村宿舍办公桌前墙壁上的表格上，诸如此类的小贴士还有很多，不胜枚举。值得说明的是，前面黑体字下面的那些楷体文字，是在我离开以后的半年内，他办好一件事，就注明的上去的。我算了一下账，如果这些小贴士上的每件事需要跑乡里、旗里三趟，那就需要五十多趟，如果他们每三天能办成一件事，那么他就操作五十多天，再加上常规性的调检查、回报、研究项目、接受上级考评等等诸多事情，可以一说他必须每天都要于时间赛跑。也可以换一种切入角，即我们随机点击一下表格上的某一天，都会发现林保森的那一天很忙，无疑在与时间赛跑，他交给自己的任务很繁重，他的每一天都很辛苦，也很充实。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 林保森说，是紧张点，但是不累，只有快乐。他在他的驻村手记《新一箩筐》中这样写道：<br /> “张子林说他家的樱桃熟了，折了一大枝给我送来了，上面挂满了鲜红的大樱桃……” <br /> “在村部门口遇到宁善明家的大娘，她在专门等我，说她家的李子熟了，要我去摘……”<br /> “某日，下班回到宿舍，发现窗台上整齐地摆放着许多蔬菜，茄子辣椒和豆角，不知道是哪位乡亲送来的……”<br /> 　 现在林保森感到自己已经成为了这个村庄里的一员，每天和这里的乡亲们看着新出土的秧苗喜悦，也和他们一起期盼着金秋的丰收。剔透的蓝天，凛冽的绿风，都让他眷恋无比。早上，一轮红日露出半边笑脸，他就起来了，看看这家的驴，看看那家的菜畦，看看五保户家的烟筒是否飘出了炊烟，然后才洗漱，吃饭。他说自己很享受早饭时光，——把饭端到院子里的小桌上，不知道谁家的小狗就来了，一只，两只，三只，在他脚前等着他喂食，看着小狗们香香地吃着，他站起来收拾碗筷，一回身，见一只大野鸡，正立在院墙上，看着那些散落的食物，那墨绿色的羽毛和大红的鸡冠子，在太阳下一闪一闪的，真好看。<br /> <br /> *Go to last section of the translation: [[Chunfeng_EN]]<br /> *Go to next section of the translation: [[Chunfeng_EN_2]]</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Chinese_Language_and_Culture_Fall_2022&diff=148675 Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022 2022-10-20T12:10:37Z <p>Li Hong: /* Final Paper Topics */</p> <hr /> <div><br /> == Headline text ==<br /> Welcome to our MA course [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022]]. The shortlink for this course homepage is: https://bit.ly/LCFALL2022 . Friday 19:00-21:40 Ole Döring, Cord Eberspächer, Martin Woesler, first two meetings will be online (https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/G5AyUV10B0XA, #腾讯会议：531-816-070, shortlink for VooV session is: https://bit.ly/LangCult2022), Classroom from October 14 onwards (starts Sep 30, weeks 1-16), Fall term 2022. Class will meet in room 515 of the Rising Dragon building and begin at 19:00 hours on Fridays.<br /> <br /> Quick link to homework pages - here the link will be available soon. For a sample of last term, please have a look here: [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] <br /> <br /> Quick link to final paper - here the link will be available soon. For a sample of last term, please have a look here: [[20220630_Culture|2022 LIST OF FINAL PAPERS]]<br /> <br /> =Before the class starts=<br /> <br /> Note: This class is taught two sessions online, then in presence and again online by Martin Woesler (first online, later in presence), Ole Döring (mostly in presence), Cord Eberspächer (online). The class language is English, however, some explanations in Chinese will be given.<br /> <br /> 1. Please read the terms of Use: By registering for this Wiki, you give your consent that your data (name, study no., study direction, email, technical data of your device, ip address etc.) and your contributions to class (homework, translations, presentations, handouts, final exam papers etc.) is stored for grading, and academic use (teaching and ANONYMIZED for research). You explicitely agree that your contributions can be used by the teacher under his name, e.g. for publication, for improvement of teaching material etc. After reading, please take this quiz to show your understanding of basic concepts of translation and of data usage: http://bit.ly/Eval-01 .<br /> <br /> 2. Our teaching assistant is Chen Ye. She should send a student roll to the teacher and enter all grades from homework and quizzes and those she receives from the teacher into the roll to be kept with the teacher. 1 wiki administrator and 5 survey assistants. If we have more than 100 students, we need 2 teaching assistants. All of them will get extra points for their &quot;performance in class&quot; grade. After registration (see point 3 beneath), please write your names here directly behind the role (e.g. &quot;teaching assistant - Lei Feng&quot;). To change anything on the wiki, please see point 3 beneath.<br /> <br /> 3. Please register on this Wiki. From any place you can register following this link: https://bit.ly/WIKIREG (if the shortlink does not work, you can also follow the long link: https://bou.de/u/wiki/Special:RequestAccount ). If you are already here, click on &quot;register&quot; on the top right corner, and then on &quot;request one&quot;. Then please register with your real name in Pinyin (with blank space between the family name and the given name) for the two names (username and real name), so two times &quot;Lei Feng&quot; and &quot;Lei Feng&quot;. Please check the box that you agree to the Terms and Conditions. Then type in the password &quot;wikicaptcha&quot; and click on &quot;submit&quot;. You will receive a confirmation email with a link. You can click on the link, confirm your identity and create a password. Then you need to wait 1-2 days until the teacher grants you access. You will receive another email when it will work. With the access to this wiki, you can directly edit everything, including this page. If you want to learn how to edit on Wiki, please read here: [uvu:Community_Portal] After editing, you will be asked for a password to save changes, this time the password is &quot;wikicaptcha&quot;.<br /> <br /> 4. Please register on the WeChat Group of this class. The WeChat Group will be created by the Teaching Assistant. Please make sure to display your name in the group with the following details: &quot;Lei Feng 雷锋 20级 笔译&quot;.<br /> <br /> 5. For communication on things in presence (presentation etc.) please add the teacher in presence good_old_cathay to your WeChat contacts. If you like, you can also add the online teacher to your contacts.<br /> <br /> 6. Please take the EU survey here: http://bit.ly/EU-SURVEY.<br /> <br /> 7. You need to work a lot on this wiki platform, for example upload your power point presentation, write your name behind the topic you want to do a power point presentation, write your topic for the final exam paper (should be a new chapter in the text book), do your translation homework here etc. &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;Whenever you click on &quot;Save&quot; to save your edit, you will be asked for a password, please input the password '''wikicaptcha'''.&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> Here a summary of the most important parts in Chinese:<br /> <br /> https://bou.de/u/wiki/Chinese_Language_and_Culture_Fall_2022<br /> （短一点的是 https://bou.de/u/ ，然后按我们课的链接）. 我们的课程还需要六位同学分别做网站管理员（1位）和调查助手（5位），期末可以得到一定加分，请有意向的同学在今天晚上六点前私聊我。请大家尽快完成以下课程前准备：<br /> http://bit.ly/Eval-01 完成此测验<br /> https://bit.ly/WIKIREG 请在此维基网站上注册，用户名和真实姓名都请填写自己姓名的拼音，像&quot;Li Xin&quot;和&quot;Li Xin&quot;，密码填wikicaptcha，收到邮件确认身份后等待老师通过<br /> 完成欧盟调查问卷 http://bit.ly/EU-SURVEY<br /> 注：有的链接可能要用vpn才能进<br /> <br /> We have chosen:<br /> *'''Zhang Yuyan @张玉燕, Liu Yingchen@刘映辰  ，Huang Anan @黄安安, Zhang Yingwen @章颖雯 , He Pei@贺沛 , He Mo @何茉 serve as survey assistants''' - Manual for Survey Assistants: https://bou.de/u/wiki/Survey_Assistant<br /> *'''Wu Jialin @巫佳琳 serves as the Wiki Admin''' - Manual for Wiki Admins: https://bou.de/u/wiki/Wiki_admin<br /> *'''Chen Ye @陈烨  serves as the teaching assistant''' - Manual for Teaching Assistants: https://bou.de/u/wiki/Teaching_assistant<br /> <br /> =First Session Fri Sep 30, 2022 19:00-20:40 - Organizational Things=<br /> ==Teacher presentation==<br /> [[Media:01_Chin_Lang_Cult_Fall_2022_Intro.pptx|Introductory presentation by M. Woesler]] with self introduction of Ole Döring, Cord Eberspächer, Martin Woesler<br /> <br /> ==Duties in Class==<br /> 1. Please come to class prepared. This means please read the book chapter, search for more information about the topic online and learn the vocabulary related to the topic for each session in advance. It is much more benefetial for yourself and for the others. Also the discussions in class then can be conducted on a much more sophisticated level. Please reserve at least two hours of preparation for each session. The link will be added here soon. For a sample of last term, please look here: [[Media:Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022 TEXTBOOK.docx]]<br /> <br /> 2. Please do your homework seriously every week and submit it in wiki 3 days before the class starts and the corrections of your fellow student's homework 1 day before the class starts. The link will be added here soon. For a sample of last term, please look here: [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]]<br /> <br /> 3. Please participate actively in class. This means for each session: Please ask at least one question or participate with at least one contribution in the discussion.<br /> <br /> 4. Please select the topic for the presentation you will do in class already until session 2 (if we have more students than sessions, then build groups of two - one doing presentation, one a written handout on the same topic). Please remember to upload and link your presentation and your handout here on this website a week ahead to enable your fellow students to prepare it. Please pick from the following list by adding your name behind any of the topics: The link will be added here soon. For a sample of last term, please look here: [[LANG2022 LIST OF TOPICS]] - This is the same list as the LIST OF PRESENTATIONS and the LIST OF SESSION TOPICS.<br /> <br /> 5. Please select a topic of your final exam paper (5,000 English words) until session 2. Please pick from the following list by adding your name behind any of the topics: The link will be added here soon. For a sample of last term, please look here: [[LANG2022 LIST OF FINAL EXAM PAPERS]]<br /> <br /> ==Joint agreement on use of time inside and outside the classroom==<br /> Since it does not make sense to come together in the classroom and then jointly start reading the primary or secondary literature, please read the texts before class so that we can save the precious classroom time for a well informed discussion about the texts.<br /> <br /> ==Joint agreement on weight of grades==<br /> *Final Exam paper: 70 percent<br /> *Performance in class: 30 percent (consisting out of oral contributions/participation, 1 presentation or handout per term, participation in surveys and quizzes, homework) - this grade gets extra points if you take over additional duties like survey assistants.<br /> <br /> Note: Grades may take months to be entered into the grade system, since sometimes there are more than 100 students and the teachers want to pay respect to each student and read their final exam paper carefully.<br /> <br /> =Session 2 on October 7, 2022 7-8:40 pm online VooV: ORGANIZATIONAL THINGS=<br /> In this session, Martin Woesler will introduce you to all the organizational things, like student roll, student assistants, homework, preparation for next session, textbook, preparation of final exam paper etc.<br /> <br /> ==Student roll==<br /> These students are in class:<br /> <br /> 202270081625 白婷 Bai Ting 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081703 蔡思 Cai Si 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081627 陈婧 Chen Jing 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081628 陈淑敏 Chen Shumin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081629 陈思阳 Chen Siyang 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081683 陈彦希 Chen Yanxi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081630 陈烨 Chen Ye 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081631 丁粤 Ding Yue 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081632 付静 Fu Jing 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081633 高燕 Gao Yan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081634 关娜 Guan Na 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081685 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081704 何茉 He Mo 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081708 贺沛 He Pei 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081686 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081687 胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081688 黄安安 Huang Anan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081689 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081635 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081636 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081639 李心田 Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081643 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081644 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081693 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081645 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081694 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081710 鲁思 Lu Si 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081711 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081705 马明宇 Ma Mingyu 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081646 彭琦 Peng Qi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081647 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081651 覃诗雅 Qin Shiya 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081648 卿子晔 Qing Ziye 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081684 仇绪 Qiu Xu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081649 全永慧 Quan Yonghui 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081650 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081695 疏珊 Shu Shan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081696 王芳玲 Wang Fangling 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081652 王纪龙 Wang Jilong 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081697 王露 Wang Lu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081653 王琪 Wang Qi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081706 汪世博 Wang Shibo 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081654 王雅姝 Wang Yashu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081655 王植碧 Wang Zhibi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081656 王智灵 Wang Zhiling 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081698 吴博涵 Wu Bohan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081659 伍超穎 Wu Chaoying 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081658 吴敏 Wu Min 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081657 巫佳琳 Wu Jialin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081707 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081660 席书涵 Xi Shuhan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081661 夏盼 Xia Pan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081699 夏依颐 Xia Yiyi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081662 夏紫纯 Xia Zichun 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081663 向明慧 Xiang Minghui 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081664 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081665 肖娜 Xiao Na 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081666 肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081667 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081668 谢茜敏 Xie Ximin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081669 谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou 英语笔译(English translation) <br /> <br /> 202270081670 谢紫佳 Xie Zijia 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081671 熊丹 Xiong Dan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081700 徐思禹 Xu Siyu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081672 颜琦 Yan Qi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081673 杨思吟 Yang Siyin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081674 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081712 余海铭 Yu Haiming 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081626 曾晨 Zeng Chen 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081675 张海珊 Zhang Haishan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081676 张珂珂 Zhang Keke 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081677 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081678 张思诗 Zhang Sishi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081679 张婷 Zhang Ting 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081680 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081701 章颖雯 Zhang Yingwen 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081681 张玉燕 Zhang Yuyan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081682 周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081702 周子豪 Zhou Zihao 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081713 庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> ==List of session topics==<br /> <br /> Ole Doering<br /> <br /> Session 3, Oct 14, 2022    <br /> Oct 14, 2022 Confucian Teaching Thoughts (Wang Shibo 汪世博 Wu Xiaoli 伍晓莉)<br /> <br /> Session 4, Oct 21, 2022 <br /> Oct 21, 2022 The Influence of Traditional Chinese Philosophy in Contemporary Times （Quan Yonghui 全永慧）<br /> <br /> Oct 21, 2022 Rhetorics in China (漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin)<br /> <br /> Oct 21, 2022    Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy (Wang Fangling 王芳玲)<br /> <br /> Oct 21, 2022    Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters （Wang Jilong 王纪龙 Xia Pan夏盼）<br /> <br /> Oct 21, 2022    Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts (Yang Siyin 杨思吟)<br /> <br /> Session 5, Oct 28, 2022   <br /> Oct 28, 2022 Eco-awareness in Traditional Chinese Culture （ppt：Zeng Chen 曾晨） <br /> <br /> Oct 28, 2022 Written Language: Chinese Culture of History Writing (Wu Chaoying 伍超穎)<br /> <br /> Oct 28, 2022 Study on The translation Strategies of Chinese Idioms (Liu Yaqin 刘雅琴)(Zhang Ting张婷)<br /> <br /> Oct 28, 2022    Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales (Huang Shuwei黄舒威) <br /> <br /> Oct 28, 2022    The Various Schools of Thought and Their Exponents During the Period from Pre-Qin Times(ppt:Chen Jing 陈婧）<br /> <br /> Oct 28, 2022    Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Mythology （Shu Shan疏珊）（Lu Si鲁思）<br /> <br /> Session 6, Nov 04, 2022    Translation: Written Translation from and into Chinese（Zhang Haishan 张海珊, Wang Zhibi 王植碧)<br /> <br /> Nov 04, 2022    A Brief Analysis of the Influence of Artificial Intelligence on Translators （Ding Yue 丁粤，Xiao Jiayu 1肖家禹）<br /> <br /> Nov 04, 2022    Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song (Li Keyi李可依)(Li Yan李彦)<br /> <br /> Nov 04, 2022    Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty (Li Ziyu 李梓玉， Ren Manman任嫚嫚)<br /> <br /> Martin Woesler    <br /> <br /> Session 7, Nov 11, 2022    Global Impact of Chinese Language（Peng Qi彭琦,Zhang Qiwei张祺葳）<br /> <br /> Nov 04, 2022    Global Impact of Chinese Culture (Xia Yiyi 夏依颐， Liu Yuqing 刘雨晴)<br /> <br /> Nov 04, 2022    Language: How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages) （Xiao Zhelin肖喆琳，Li Jiajun李佳珺）<br /> <br /> Nov 04, 2022    Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy(Xiao Na肖娜; Yang Xiwei 杨晰微)<br /> <br /> Session 8, Nov 18, 2022    Translation and Dissemination of Chinese Contemporary Science Fiction （Jiang Yulu 姜雨露）<br /> <br /> Nov 18, 2022    Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China （Chen Shumin 陈淑敏，Qin Shiya覃诗雅）<br /> <br /> Nov 18, 2022    Translation: Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese (ppt: Wu Bohan 吴博涵)<br /> <br /> Nov 18, 2022    Translation: Artificial Intelligence in Translation(ppt: Hou Yongfen侯永芬) (Yu Haiming余海铭)<br /> <br /> Session 9, Nov 25, 2022    Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language (e.g. Tang poetry) (Wang Yashu王雅姝 Lu Yuqin陆玉琴）<br /> <br /> Nov 25, 2022    Culture and Prejudice (ppt Xu Siyu徐思禹)<br /> <br /> Nov 25, 2022    Filter Bubbles in China: Horizon-widening or -narrowing? (ppt: Zhou Zihao周子豪, Qiu Xu仇绪)<br /> <br /> Nov 25, 2022    Europeanized Chinese and Cultural Factors Behind it (ppt: Zhou Xiaolan周晓兰)<br /> <br /> Session 10, Dec 02，2022    Marriage Culture in China (Xiang Minghui向明慧Jiang Zhengjun蒋正君)<br /> <br /> Dec 02，2022    Literature: Contemporary Literature（XieXimin谢茜敏,LiWeiyao李玮瑶）<br /> <br /> Dec 02，2022    Spreading Chinese culture in teaching Chinese as a second language (ppt: Chen Yanxi 陈彦希)<br /> <br /> Dec 02，2022    Artificially Intelligent Communication in China (Qing Ziye 卿子晔， Wu Min 吴敏)<br /> <br /> Cord Eberspächer    <br /> <br /> Session 11, Dec 09，2022    Movies: Chinese Movies （Liang Xinlu 梁昕璐 , Zhang Sishi张思诗）<br /> <br /> Dec 09，2022    Globalization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning (Xi Shuhan席书涵，Wang Qi王琪)<br /> <br /> Dec 09，2022    Globalization: The Westernization Movement (Yan Qi 颜琦)（Ma Mingyu 马明宇）<br /> <br /> Dec 09，2022    Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.) (ppt: Hu Xinyi 胡欣怡) (Zhuang Haokang 庄昊康)<br /> <br /> Session 12, Dec 16，2022    Ancient Chinese Values Handed Down Until Today(Liu Congling 刘丛领：Xia Zichun 夏紫纯 ) <br /> <br /> Dec 16，2022    Interpreting Chinese and Western Language Humor（Liu Tingting 刘婷婷 Gao Yan 高燕）<br /> <br /> Dec 16，2022    Ancient Chinese Civilization--the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City (Bai Ting白婷）<br /> <br /> Dec 16，2022    Chinese Writing: Ancient Writing and Painting Tool, Writing Brush (ppt: Li Xintian李心田, Xie Jiayu谢佳玉)<br /> <br /> Session 13, Dec 23，2022    Minority Languages in China （Liu Jiayu刘佳玉， Liao Lujia廖璐佳）<br /> <br /> Dec 23，2022    On Gender Discrimination in Chinese (Li Hong李鸿，Xiong Dan熊丹) <br /> <br /> Dec 23，2022    Language: Chinese Dialects （ppt: Xie Zhouzhou ppt: Zhang Keke张珂珂)<br /> <br /> Dec 23，2022    Language: Chinese Folk Argot （Fu Jing 付静）(Zhang Wenqi张文琦)<br /> <br /> Session 14, Dec 30，2022    Chinese Panda Diplomacy (ppt: Guan Na 关娜，Cai Si蔡思)<br /> <br /> Dec 30，2022    Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声(Wang Lu王露, Hao Tianyu郝天钰 )<br /> <br /> Dec 30，2022    Written Language: The Craft of Seal-cutting （Wang Zhiling 王智灵）<br /> <br /> Dec 30，2022    Chinese Baijiu Culture（Chen Siyang陈思阳、Xie Zijia谢紫佳）<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 2 for Session 3==<br /> 1. Please take the quiz at http://bit.ly/Eval-01<br /> <br /> 2. Please prepare the 4 texts for session 3 by reading them, learning the terms, taking the quiz to answer the questions all before class.<br /> <br /> 3. Please select from the list of topics the topic you want to do a power point presentation on. In case all topics are taken, you can only write a script for an interactive podium discussion which you can perform with a fellow student or you can engage the audience in an interactive performance. Please mention not just your name, but also which form of presentation you will perform (ppt, podium discussion, interactive game etc.) behind the topic at the list of topics.<br /> <br /> 4. Please think of a new topic for the final exam paper. It can be a cultural or language phenomenon and should be like the other chapters in the text book. You can start to write the paper now. Please make sure to choose a topic which is actually a cultural phenomenon (e.g. 'Panda' is not a cultural phenomenon, but an animal) or a language phenomenon.<br /> <br /> List of Final Exam Papers (please do not write more than 2-3 pages, don't forget terms and questions at the end)<br /> *Topic 1, student name<br /> *Topic 2, student name<br /> *Topic 3, student name<br /> *Topic 4, student name<br /> *Topic 5, student name<br /> <br /> 5. Do the small translation homework distributed by the Wiki Admin, see beneath:<br /> <br /> ===Translation homework for session 3===<br /> *Topic 6, student name<br /> <br /> https://bou.de/u/wiki/Book_projects#CNPIEC_ZH-EN<br /> <br /> 202270081625 白婷 Bai Ting 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081703 蔡思 Cai Si 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081627 陈婧 Chen Jing 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081628 陈淑敏 Chen Shumin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081629 陈思阳 Chen Siyang 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081683 陈彦希 Chen Yanxi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081630 陈烨 Chen Ye 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081631 丁粤 Ding Yue 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081632 付静 Fu Jing 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081633 高燕 Gao Yan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081634 关娜 Guan Na 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081685 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081704 何茉 He Mo 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081708 贺沛 He Pei 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081686 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081687 胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081688 黄安安 Huang Anan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081689 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081635 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081636 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270021709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081639 李心田 Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081643 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081644 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081693 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081645 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081694 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081710 鲁思 Lu Si 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081711 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081705 马明宇 Ma Mingyu 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081646 彭琦 Peng Qi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081647 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081651 覃诗雅 Qin Shiya 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081648 卿子晔 Qing Ziye 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081684 仇绪 Qiu Xu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081649 全永慧 Quan Yonghui 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081650 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081695 疏珊 Shu Shan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081696 王芳玲 Wang Fangling 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081652 王纪龙 Wang Jilong 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081697 王露 Wang Lu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081653 王琪 Wang Qi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081706 汪世博 Wang Shibo 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081654 王雅姝 Wang Yashu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081655 王植碧 Wang Zhibi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081656 王智灵 Wang Zhiling 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081698 吴博涵 Wu Bohan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081659 伍超穎 Wu Chaoying 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081658 吴敏 Wu Min 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081657 巫佳琳 Wu Jialin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081707 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081660 席书涵 Xi Shuhan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081661 夏盼 Xia Pan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081699 夏依颐 Xia Yiyi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081662 夏紫纯 Xia Zichun 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081663 向明慧 Xiang Minghui 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081664 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081665 肖娜 Xiao Na 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081666 肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081667 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081668 谢茜敏 Xie Ximin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081669 谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081670 谢紫佳 Xie Zijia 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081671 熊丹 Xiong Dan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081700 徐思禹 Xu Siyu 英语口译(English interpretation) An Analysis of the Prejudices in the Chinese Culture<br /> <br /> 202270081672 颜琦 Yan Qi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081673 杨思吟 Yang Siyin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081674 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081712 余海铭 Yu Haiming 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081626 曾晨 Zeng Chen 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081675 张海珊 Zhang Haishan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081676 张珂珂 Zhang Keke 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081677 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081678 张思诗 Zhang Sishi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081679 张婷 Zhang Ting 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081680 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081701 章颖雯 Zhang Yingwen 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081681 张玉燕 Zhang Yuyan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081682 周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081702 周子豪 Zhou Zihao 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081713 庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> =Session 3 by Ole Doering on Oct 14, 2022=<br /> <br /> Ole Doering<br /> <br /> *Written Language: Chinese Culture of History Writing<br /> <br /> *The Influence of Traditional Chinese Philosophy in Contemporary Times<br /> <br /> *Confucian Teaching Thoughts <br /> <br /> *Eco-awareness in Traditional Chinese Culture<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 2 for Session 3: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[Homework of session 2 ]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: The Influence of Traditional Chinese Philosophy in Contemporary Times P704<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/wFPHp99.aspx#]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Confucian Teaching Thoughts P978<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/rpWEPPj.aspx# ]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Eco-awareness in Traditional Chinese Culture P991<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/Q0dN6ee.aspx# ]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Oct.14(1).xlsx]]<br /> <br /> ==Preparation for session 4. Please start after session 3 to do: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> <br /> *[[Homework of session 3]] for session 4, Oct 21, 2022<br /> <br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Rhetorics in China--P962<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/tHJyRe7.aspx#]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraph--P25<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/QAGNyR9.aspx# ]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters--P30<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/eGF4jLZ.aspx# ]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts--P37<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/QLlNuvD.aspx#]]<br /> <br /> =Session 4 by Ole Doering on Oct 21, 2022=<br /> <br /> Ole Doering<br /> <br /> *Rhetorics in China<br /> <br /> *Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy<br /> <br /> *Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters <br /> <br /> *Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades of the quizzes taken to prepare session 4===<br /> [[Media:]]<br /> <br /> ==Preparation for session 5. Please start after session 4 to do: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> <br /> *[[20221104_homework_lang_fall|Homework of session 4]] for session 5, Nov 4, 2022<br /> <br /> ===Topic 1 of session 5===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 1 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2 of session 5===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 2 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3 of session 5===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 3 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 4 of session 5===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts--P37<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/QLlNuvD.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> =Session 5 by Ole Doering on Nov 4, 2022=<br /> <br /> Ole Doering<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *# <br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades of the quizzes taken to prepare session 5===<br /> [[Media:]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Preparation for session 6. Please start after session 6 to do: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> <br /> *[[20221111_homework_lang_fall|Homework of session 5]] for session 6, Nov 11, 2022<br /> <br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 1 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 2 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 3 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 4===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts--P37<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/QLlNuvD.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> =Session # by Ole Doering on #, 2022=<br /> <br /> Ole Doering<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *# <br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades of the quizzes taken to prepare session #===<br /> [[Media:]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Preparation for session #. Please start after session #-1 to do: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> <br /> *[[20221118_homework_lang_fall|Homework of session 6]] for session #+1, #, 2022<br /> <br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 1 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 2 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 3 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 4===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts--P37<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/QLlNuvD.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> =Session # by Ole Doering on #, 2022=<br /> <br /> Ole Doering<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *# <br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades of the quizzes taken to prepare session #===<br /> [[Media:]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Preparation for session #. Please start after session #-1 to do: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> <br /> *[[20221125_homework_lang_fall|Homework of session 7]] for session #+1, #, 2022<br /> <br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 1 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 2 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 3 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 4===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts--P37<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/QLlNuvD.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> =Session # by Ole Doering on #, 2022=<br /> <br /> Ole Doering<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *# <br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades of the quizzes taken to prepare session #===<br /> [[Media:]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Preparation for session #. Please start after session #-1 to do: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> <br /> *[[20221202_homework_lang_fall|Homework of session 8]] for session #+1, #, 2022<br /> <br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 1 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 2 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 3 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 4===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts--P37<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/QLlNuvD.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> =Session # by Ole Doering on #, 2022=<br /> <br /> Ole Doering<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *# <br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades of the quizzes taken to prepare session #===<br /> [[Media:]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Preparation for session #. Please start after session #-1 to do: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> <br /> *[[20221209_homework_lang_fall|Homework of session 9]] for session #+1, #, 2022<br /> <br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 1 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 2 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 3 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 4===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts--P37<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/QLlNuvD.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> =Session # by Ole Doering on #, 2022=<br /> <br /> Ole Doering<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *# <br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades of the quizzes taken to prepare session #===<br /> [[Media:]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Preparation for session #. Please start after session #-1 to do: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> <br /> *[[20221216_homework_lang_fall|Homework of session 10]] for session #+1, #, 2022<br /> <br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 1 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 2 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 3 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 4===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts--P37<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/QLlNuvD.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> =Session # by Ole Doering on #, 2022=<br /> <br /> Ole Doering<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *# <br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades of the quizzes taken to prepare session #===<br /> [[Media:]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Preparation for session #. Please start after session #-1 to do: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> <br /> *[[20221223_homework_lang_fall|Homework of session 11]] for session #+1, #, 2022<br /> <br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 1 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 2 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: TEXT 3 -- P. #<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/###.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Topic 4===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts--P37<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/QLlNuvD.aspx#]]<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> =Session # by Ole Doering on #, 2022=<br /> <br /> Ole Doering<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *# <br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> *#<br /> presentation on this topic: #, student preparing the ppt: #, student preparing interactive activity: #<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades of the quizzes taken to prepare session #===<br /> [[Media:]]<br /> <br /> <br /> =Final Paper Topics=<br /> <br /> 202270081625 白婷 Bai Ting 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081703 蔡思 Cai Si 日语笔译(Japanese translation) Chinese New Year Culture<br /> <br /> 202270081627 陈婧 Chen Jing 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081628 陈淑敏 Chen Shumin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081629 陈思阳 Chen Siyang 英语笔译(English translation) Eight great cuisines of China <br /> <br /> 202270081683 陈彦希 Chen Yanxi 英语口译(English interpretation) Online Shopping Trend in China<br /> <br /> 202270081630 陈烨 Chen Ye 英语笔译(English translation) Wanyueci Poetry in Song Dynasty--Take Li Qingzhao as an example<br /> <br /> 202270081631 丁粤 Ding Yue 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081632 付静 Fu Jing 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081633 高燕 Gao Yan 英语笔译(English translation) Filial Piety in China<br /> <br /> 202270081634 关娜 Guan Na 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081685 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081704 何茉 He Mo 日语笔译(Japanese translation)Chinese opera：Kun Opera<br /> <br /> 202270081708 贺沛 He Pei 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)Chinese local opera: Hunan Flower-Drum Opera<br /> <br /> 202270081686 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen 英语口译(English interpretation) The Popularity of Han Chinese Clothing among Young Generation<br /> <br /> 202270081687 胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081688 黄安安 Huang Anan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081689 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081635 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081636 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation) The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times<br /> <br /> 202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese nuptial tradition of bride price<br /> <br /> 202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081639 李心田 Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Architecture<br /> <br /> 202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation) Chinese Movies<br /> <br /> 202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation) Eileen's Novels in Feminist Perspective<br /> <br /> 202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081643 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements in Animation<br /> <br /> 202270081644 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting 英语笔译(English translation) The Four Great Inventions of China<br /> <br /> 202270081693 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081645 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 英语笔译(English translation) Study on the Imperial Examination System in Ancient China<br /> <br /> 202270081694 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081710 鲁思 Lu Si 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081711 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081705 马明宇 Ma Mingyu 日语笔译(Japanese translation) The development of Chinese Animation<br /> <br /> 202270081646 彭琦 Peng Qi 英语笔译(English translation) Global impact of Chinese language<br /> <br /> 202270081647 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese dialects<br /> <br /> 202270081651 覃诗雅 Qin Shiya 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081648 卿子晔 Qing Ziye 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081684 仇绪 Qiu Xu 英语口译(English interpretation) Four Folk Stories of Ancient China<br /> <br /> 202270081649 全永慧 Quan Yonghui 英语笔译(English translation) Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio<br /> <br /> 202270081650 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081695 疏珊 Shu Shan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081696 王芳玲 Wang Fangling 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081652 王纪龙 Wang Jilong 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081697 王露 Wang Lu 英语口译(English interpretation) Stage entertainment: Crosstalk <br /> <br /> 202270081653 王琪 Wang Qi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081706 汪世博 Wang Shibo 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081654 王雅姝 Wang Yashu 英语笔译(English translation) Ambiguity of Chinese Language in Tang Poetry<br /> <br /> 202270081655 王植碧 Wang Zhibi 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Calligraphy<br /> <br /> 202270081656 王智灵 Wang Zhiling 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081698 吴博涵 Wu Bohan 英语口译(English interpretation) Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese<br /> <br /> 202270081659 伍超穎 Wu Chaoying 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Alcohol Culture<br /> <br /> 202270081658 吴敏 Wu Min 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081657 巫佳琳 Wu Jialin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081707 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli 日语笔译(Japanese translation) Chinese online novels go global<br /> <br /> 202270081660 席书涵 Xi Shuhan 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Tea Culture<br /> <br /> 202270081661 夏盼 Xia Pan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081699 夏依颐 Xia Yiyi 英语口译(English interpretation) Global Impact of Chinese Culture<br /> <br /> 202270081662 夏紫纯 Xia Zichun 英语笔译(English translation) The Cultural Connotation of Chinese Cuisine--taking A Bite of China as an example<br /> <br /> 202270081663 向明慧 Xiang Minghui 英语笔译(English translation) Modern Applications of Traditional Chinese Medicine<br /> <br /> 202270081664 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation) Studies on Qian Zhongshu's &quot;Theory of Sublimity&quot;<br /> <br /> 202270081665 肖娜 Xiao Na 英语笔译(English translation)Chinese Festivals：Spring Festival<br /> <br /> 202270081666 肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin 英语笔译(English translation) Animals of Chinese zodiac <br /> <br /> 202270081667 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081668 谢茜敏 Xie Ximin 英语笔译(English translation) How the language shapes the mind <br /> <br /> 202270081669 谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese philosophy<br /> <br /> 202270081670 谢紫佳 Xie Zijia 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Mystery novels<br /> <br /> 202270081671 熊丹 Xiong Dan 英语笔译(English translation)Comparison of Chinese and western food culture under the background of “Chinese Culture Exporting’<br /> <br /> 202270081700 徐思禹 Xu Siyu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> An Analysis of Prejudice in the Chinese Culture<br /> 202270081672 颜琦 Yan Qi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081673 杨思吟 Yang Siyin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081674 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081712 余海铭 Yu Haiming 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081626 曾晨 Zeng Chen 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081675 张海珊 Zhang Haishan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081676 张珂珂 Zhang Keke 英语笔译(English translation)China‘s Four Great Classical Novels<br /> <br /> 202270081677 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081678 张思诗 Zhang Sishi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081679 张婷 Zhang Ting 英语笔译(English translation) Study on The translation Strategies of Chinese Idioms<br /> <br /> 202270081680 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi 英语笔译(English translation) Interpretation of Imagery in Chinese Classical Poetry<br /> <br /> 202270081701 章颖雯 Zhang Yingwen 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081681 张玉燕 Zhang Yuyan 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Embroidery Culture<br /> <br /> 202270081682 周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan 英语笔译(English translation) The Cultural Connotation of Crying Marriage in Chinese Wedding Culture<br /> <br /> 202270081702 周子豪 Zhou Zihao 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081713 庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation) Chinese table manners<br /> <br /> =FROM HERE ON UNTIL THE END OF THE WEBPAGE, YOU ONLY FIND A COPY OF LAST TERM'S COURSE AS A SAMPLE AND A REFERENCE, NOT FOR ACTUAL USE=<br /> You can use this sample for example to find the links for existing quizzes on certain topics. The survey assistants then can save work and use an existing quiz by adding the link under the respective homework session above. For the survey assistants: Please create all quizzes during the first week, so that all links for the whole term will already be listed on this webpage under each session.<br /> <br /> '''Session Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 2 2 Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales 71%<br /> <br /> 2 5 Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Mythology 67%<br /> <br /> 2 7 Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China 65%<br /> <br /> 3 17 Language: Chinese Language 57%<br /> <br /> 3 4 Language: Chinese Dialects 70%<br /> <br /> 3 16 Minority Languages in China 58%<br /> <br /> 3 13 Language: Chinese Folk Argot 61%<br /> <br /> 4 1 Movies: Chinese Movies 73%<br /> <br /> 5 8 Song: Celadon and the Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 64%<br /> <br /> 5 18 Song: Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan 57%<br /> <br /> 5 12 Social Media: Douyin (Tik Tok) 61%<br /> <br /> 6 14 Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China 60%<br /> <br /> 6 15 Literature: Ancient literature: Classical Literature 58%<br /> <br /> 6 22 Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 55%<br /> <br /> 6 34 Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas 53% <br /> <br /> 7 3 Global Impact of Chinese Culture 70%<br /> <br /> 7 6 Global Impact of Chinese Language 66%<br /> <br /> 8 25 Translation: Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese 55%<br /> <br /> 8 28 Translation: Written Translation from and into Chinese 54%<br /> <br /> 8 37 Translation: Artificial Intelligence in Translation 52%<br /> <br /> 9 35 Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 53%<br /> <br /> 9 9 Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 64%<br /> <br /> 9 21 Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 56%<br /> <br /> 9 32 Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations 53%<br /> <br /> 9 11 Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 63%<br /> <br /> 10 19 Language: How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages) 57%<br /> <br /> 10 24 Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.) 55%<br /> <br /> 10 30 Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language (e.g. Tang poetry) 54%<br /> <br /> 10 39 Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China 51%<br /> <br /> 11 10 Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 63%<br /> <br /> 12 26 Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 54%<br /> <br /> 12 36 Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 53% <br /> <br /> 12 33 Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 53%<br /> <br /> 13 20 Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 56%<br /> <br /> 13 23 Literature: Modern Literature 55%<br /> <br /> 13 29 Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 54%<br /> <br /> 13 40 Literature: Contemporary Literature 50%<br /> <br /> 14 38 Opera: Peking Opera 52%<br /> <br /> 14 41 Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 50% <br /> <br /> 14 42 Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 50%<br /> <br /> 15 27 Globalization: The Westernization Movement 54%<br /> <br /> 15 31 Globalization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 53%<br /> <br /> --[11:57, 7 October 2022 (UTC)==Session Topics==<br /> Ranking list of students' votes (only top ranked topics):<br /> <br /> 1 Movies: Chinese Movies 73% Xiao Jiali 肖佳莉 杨心怡 Yang Xinyi 张静芝 Zhang Jingzhi 刘乐乐Liu Lele<br /> <br /> 2 Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales 71% 刘瑶, Mahzad Sadat Heydarian<br /> <br /> 3 Global Impact of Chinese Culture 70% 夏晶 Xia Jing 胡梦琪 Hu Mengqi 仝雨梦 Tong Yumeng 曹梦然 Cao Mengran<br /> <br /> 4 Language: Chinese Dialects 70% 肖冬晴 Xiao Dongqing<br /> <br /> 5 Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Mythology 67% 刘双英 Liu Shuangying <br /> <br /> 6 Global Impact of Chinese Language 66% 王思佳Wang Sijia 刘安莉Liu Anli 徐文慧Xu Wenhui Akira Jantarat<br /> <br /> 7 Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China 65% 马艳焕<br /> <br /> 8 Song: Celadon and the Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 64% 孙丽君<br /> <br /> 9 Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 64% 伍佳惠 Wu Jiahui<br /> <br /> 10 Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 63% 高智慧<br /> <br /> 11 Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 63%王亚娟Wang Yajuan<br /> <br /> 12 Social Media: Douyin (Tik Tok) 61% 向望 Xiang Wang<br /> <br /> 13 Language: Chinese Folk Argot 61% 时友洁 Shiyoujie<br /> <br /> 14 Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China 60% 黄琼 Huang Qiong<br /> <br /> 15 Literature: Ancient literature: Classical Literature 58%杨紫微Yang Ziwei<br /> <br /> 16 Minority Languages in China 58% 张国浩 Zhang Guohao 罗姚林 Luo Yaolin 赵宇翔 Zhao Yuxiang 胡良明 Hu Liangming 李思源Li Siyuan<br /> <br /> 17 Language: Chinese Language 57%龙翰良<br /> <br /> 18 Song: Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan 57% 彭慧璇 Peng Huixuan<br /> <br /> 19 Language: How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages) 57% 颜媛 Yan Yuan 李欣Lixin 黎溢佳 Li Yijia 聂薇 Nie Wei 徐舞 Xu Wu<br /> <br /> 20 Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 56% 陈路瑶 Chen Luyao<br /> <br /> 21 Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 56% 向师琦 Xiang Shiqi <br /> <br /> <br /> 22 Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 55% 曹姣 Cao Jiao <br /> <br /> 23 Literature: Modern Literature 55% 兰绮 Lan Qi<br /> <br /> 24 Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.) 55% 庹树梅 Tuo Shumei 李颖Li Ying 王思琪 Wang Siqi卞王倩 Bian Wangqian<br /> <br /> 25 Translation: Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese 55% 李立飞 Li Lifei 方楚晗 Fang Chuhan 胡雯雯 Hu Wenwen<br /> <br /> 26 Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 54%。 李丹 Li Dan<br /> <br /> 27 Globalization: The Westernization Movement 54% 黄天琪 Huang Tianqi<br /> <br /> 28 Translation: Written Translation from and into Chinese 54％ 段小蝶 Duan Xiaodie 朱丽娟 Zhu Lijuan 钟青 Zhong Qing 周哲 Zhou Zhe<br /> <br /> 29 Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 54% 刘婷 Liu Ting<br /> <br /> 30 Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language (e.g. Tang poetry) 54% 廖诗韵 Liao Shiyun 刘唱 Liu Chang 李媛 Li Yuan 邝雨琪 Kuang Yuqi <br /> <br /> 31 Globalization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 53% 莫雨婷Mo Yuting<br /> <br /> 32 Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations 53%张姣玲 Zhang<br /> Jiaoling<br /> <br /> 33 Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 53% 刘珍 Liu Zhen 徐盖 Xu Gai<br /> <br /> 34 Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas 53% 何丽娜 He Lina<br /> <br /> 35 Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 53% 张瑞 Zhang Rui<br /> <br /> 36 Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 53% Cui Xiao fan崔晓凡 <br /> <br /> 37 Translation: Artificial Intelligence in Translation 52 Tong Lüeya 童略雅 李思敏 Li Simin 张旻丰 Zhang Minfeng 邓阳林 Deng Yanglin<br /> <br /> 38 Opera: Peking Opera 52%谢晓莹 Xie Xiaoying<br /> <br /> 39 Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China 51% 梁思婷 Liang Siting 周皓熙 Zhou Haoxi<br /> 李梓婕Li Zijie 张白鹭 Zhang Bailu<br /> <br /> 40 Literature: Contemporary Literature 50% 李婷Li Ting <br /> <br /> 41 Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 50% 郑冬琴 Zheng Dongqin<br /> <br /> 42 Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 50%熊嘉玲 Xiong Jia ling<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Session Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 2 2 Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales 71%<br /> <br /> 2 5 Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Mythology 67%<br /> <br /> 2 7 Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China 65%<br /> <br /> 3 17 Language: Chinese Language 57%<br /> <br /> 3 4 Language: Chinese Dialects 70%<br /> <br /> 3 16 Minority Languages in China 58%<br /> <br /> 3 13 Language: Chinese Folk Argot 61%<br /> <br /> 4 1 Movies: Chinese Movies 73%<br /> <br /> 5 8 Song: Celadon and the Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 64%<br /> <br /> 5 18 Song: Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan 57%<br /> <br /> 5 12 Social Media: Douyin (Tik Tok) 61%<br /> <br /> 6 14 Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China 60%<br /> <br /> 6 15 Literature: Ancient literature: Classical Literature 58%<br /> <br /> 6 22 Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 55%<br /> <br /> 6 34 Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas 53% <br /> <br /> 7 3 Global Impact of Chinese Culture 70%<br /> <br /> 7 6 Global Impact of Chinese Language 66%<br /> <br /> 8 25 Translation: Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese 55%<br /> <br /> 8 28 Translation: Written Translation from and into Chinese 54%<br /> <br /> 8 37 Translation: Artificial Intelligence in Translation 52%<br /> <br /> 9 35 Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 53%<br /> <br /> 9 9 Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 64%<br /> <br /> 9 21 Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 56%<br /> <br /> 9 32 Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations 53%<br /> <br /> 9 11 Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 63%<br /> <br /> 10 19 Language: How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages) 57%<br /> <br /> 10 24 Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.) 55%<br /> <br /> 10 30 Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language (e.g. Tang poetry) 54%<br /> <br /> 10 39 Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China 51%<br /> <br /> 11 10 Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 63%<br /> <br /> 12 26 Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 54%<br /> <br /> 12 36 Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 53%<br /> <br /> 12 33 Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 53%<br /> <br /> 13 20 Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 56%<br /> <br /> 13 23 Literature: Modern Literature 55%<br /> <br /> 13 29 Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 54%<br /> <br /> 13 40 Literature: Contemporary Literature 50%<br /> <br /> 14 38 Opera: Peking Opera 52%<br /> <br /> 14 41 Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 50% <br /> <br /> 14 42 Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 50%<br /> <br /> 15 27 Globalization: The Westernization Movement 54%<br /> <br /> 15 31 Globalization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 53%<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 1 for Session 2==<br /> 1. Please select a topic you want to give a 5-minute ppt presentation on. You can reserve your topic by writing your name behind the topic in the respective section of the Sessions beneath (not above). Please note: If there is no textbook text for the topic, we need 2 more students for this topic, 1 to prepare a textbook text and the 2nd student to write the &quot;terms&quot;, &quot;references&quot;, &quot;questions&quot; and (please submit to teacher and student assistant): &quot;answers&quot;. Please make sure to post the text and appendix at least 1 week ahead of time under the session beneath. Please make sure to send the quiz questions at least 1 week ahead of time to the survey students that they can make a quiz and send the quiz answers at least 1 week ahead of time to the teaching assistant, so that she can grade the quizzes.<br /> <br /> 2. Please translate a short passage from Hongloumeng from Chinese to English. Please make sure to translate the names by meaning, never with Pinyin.[[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]]<br /> <br /> 3. Please correct the translation of your fellow student above you in the list.<br /> <br /> 4. Please prepare all texts for the next session and take the quiz on these texts before the next session starts.<br /> <br /> 5. If you have not yet done so, please add the biographical info on yourself on your wiki homepage. You can find your wiki homepage by typing directly into you browser: https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Wang_Jianguo - of course Wang Jianguo is just a sample name, you would have to replace it with your own username and exchange the space by an understroke.<br /> <br /> Special homework for Wiki Admin: Please set up all homework texts and websites and link them in all sessions beneath. Please set up dummy links for ppt upload. <br /> <br /> Special homework for Survey Students: Please set up quizzes for all topics on wjx.org, students need to indicate their name and student id. Please paste the link to the quiz here under the respective session and topic beneath. Please tell the teaching assistant the correct answers to the quizzes, so that the teaching assistant can transfer the grades from the quizzes into the student role grade table.<br /> <br /> Please complete the following quizzes before Wednesday 18:00.<br /> <br /> Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales https://ks.wjx.top/vj/hpDneAP.aspx<br /> <br /> Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Mythology https://ks.wjx.top/vj/wzkFzr4.aspx<br /> <br /> Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China https://ks.wjx.top/vj/YsCoF1A.aspx<br /> <br /> Special homework for Teaching Assistant: Please write a grade for each student into the student roll grade list. A student who has done the homework (without Pinyin) gets 100 percent for this, a student who has done the correction of a homework of his fellow student gets another 100 percent. A student who has presented a ppt, written a textbook text or a textbook text appendix gets another 100 percent.<br /> <br /> =Session 2, Fri March 4, 2022 - Fairy Tales and Mythology=<br /> ==Results from the voting: Todays topics are Fairy Tales, Mythology and Folk Stories==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 2 Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales 71% <br /> <br /> 5 Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Mythology 67%<br /> <br /> 7 Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China 65%<br /> ==Preparation from Session 1 for Session 2: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220225_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/hpDneAP.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Mythology<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/wzkFzr4.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/YsCoF1A.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Feb. 25.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on Feb. 25]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 2: Teacher and student presentations on Fairy Tales and Mythology==<br /> ===Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales===<br /> [[Media:Fairy_Tales_2022.pptx|Please download this pptx on Fairy_Tales. 2022 created by]] 刘瑶 Liu Yao / Mahzad Heydarian<br /> ===Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Mythology===<br /> [[Media:03 Chinese Mythology.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on 03 Chinese Mythology]] created by 刘双英 Liu Shuangying<br /> <br /> ===Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China===<br /> [[Media:Four_Folk_Stories_2022.pptx|Please download this pptx on Four_Folk_Stories_2022 created by ]] 马艳焕 Ma Yanhuan<br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ===Teacher Presentation for Session 2===<br /> [[Media:02_Chin_Lang_Cult_Fairy_Tales.pptx]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====How to use Wiki====<br /> [[Zhang Mingfeng is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 2 for Session 3==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topic &quot;Language: Chinese Language；Language: Chinese Dialect；Language: Minority Languages in China；Language: Chinese Folk Argot&quot; by the link here https://ks.wjx.top/vj/esBiVy1.aspx<br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220304_culture]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220304_culture]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> *A Language: Chinese Language<br /> *B Language: Chinese Dialect<br /> *C Language: Minority Languages in China<br /> *D Language: Chinese Folk Argot<br /> <br /> ==Session 3, Mar. 11: Language==<br /> ===Teacher Presentation for Session 3===<br /> [[Media:03_Chin_Lang_Cult_Language.pptx]]<br /> <br /> [[Zhang Mingfeng is going to add the contents here as in Session 2]]<br /> <br /> ==Student presentation on 4 topics==<br /> ===Language: Chinese Language===<br /> [[Media:Chinese Language.pptx|Please download this pptx on Chinese Language created by]] 龙翰良 Long Hanliang<br /> ===Language: Chinese Dialect ===<br /> [[Media:Chinese_Dialect.pptx|Please download this pptx on Chinese_Dialect created by]] 肖冬晴Xiao Dongqing<br /> ===Language: Minority Languages in China===<br /> [[Media:Minority Languages in China.pptx|Please download this pptx on Minority Languages in China created by]] 张国浩 Zhang Guohao 罗姚林 Luo Yaolin 赵宇翔 Zhao Yuxiang 胡良明 Hu Liangming 李思源 Li Siyuan<br /> ===Language: Chinese Folk Argot===<br /> [[Media:Chinese Folk Agrot.pptx|Please download this pptx on Chinese Folk Agrot created by]] 时友洁 Shi Youjie<br /> <br /> ==Teacher Comments on Powerpoints and gives grades==<br /> ==Teacher checks selected homeworks and comments on it==<br /> ==Homework of Session 3 for Session 4==<br /> ===Preview===<br /> *Read the following text in the textbook<br /> .Movies: Chinese Movies<br /> ===Quiz===<br /> As a preparation for this session, you have all taken the quiz to show that you have learned the texts： https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rhELxAb.aspx <br /> The grades for the quiz results are: *handout [[Media:Grades of Quiz on March 11th.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on March 11th]]<br /> ===Translation===<br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation<br /> <br /> ==Topics for today==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 17 Language: Chinese Language 57%<br /> <br /> 4 Language: Chinese Dialects 70%<br /> <br /> 16 Minority Languages in China 58%<br /> <br /> 13 Language: Chinese Folk Argot 61%<br /> ==Student presentations for download==<br /> Please link your powerpoints here.<br /> <br /> ==Teacher Presentation for Session 3==<br /> [[Media:03_Chin_Lang_Cult_Language.pptx]]<br /> <br /> =Session 4, March 18, Chinese movies=<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 1 Movies: Chinese Movies 73% Xiao Jiali 肖佳莉 杨心怡 Yang Xinyi 张静芝 Zhang Jingzhi 刘乐乐Liu Lele<br /> <br /> 分工：张静芝和肖佳莉:PPT；presentation 杨心怡和刘乐乐：textbook<br /> <br /> ===Student presentation on 1 topic===<br /> Chinese Movies<br /> ===Chinese Movies===<br /> [[Media:Chinese Movies.pptx|Please download this pptx on Chinese Movies created by]] 肖佳莉 Xiao Jiali 杨心怡 Yang Xinyi 张静芝 Zhang Jingzhi 刘乐乐Liu Lele<br /> ==Teacher Presentation on Chinese movies for Session 4==<br /> [[Media:04_Chin_Lang_Cult_Movies.pptx]]<br /> ==Teacher checks selected homeworks and comments on it==<br /> ==Homework of Session 4 for Session 5==<br /> ===Preview===<br /> *Read the following text in the textbook<br /> Song: Celadon and the Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词<br /> <br /> Song: Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan<br /> <br /> Social Media: Douyin (Tik Tok)<br /> ===Quiz===<br /> As a preparation for this session, you have all taken the quiz https://ks.wjx.top/vj/QxeARxS.aspx to show that you have learned the texts： <br /> The grades for the quiz results are: *handout [[Media:Grades of Quiz on March 18th.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on March 18th]]<br /> ===Translation===<br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation<br /> <br /> =Session 5, Fri March 25, 2022 - Celadon and the Celadon Song, Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan, Douyin (Tik Tok)=<br /> ==Results from the voting: Todays topics are Fairy Tales, Mythology and Folk Stories==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 8 Song: Celadon and the Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 64% 孙丽君<br /> <br /> 18 Song: Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan 57% 彭慧璇 Peng Huixuan<br /> <br /> 12 Social Media: Douyin (Tik Tok) 61% 向望 Xiang Wang<br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 4 for Session 5: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220318_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Song: Celadon and the Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/QxeARxS.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Song: Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan<br /> *Take a quiz [ https://ks.wjx.top/vj/QxeARxS.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Social Media: Douyin (Tik Tok)<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/QxeARxS.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Mar. 25.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on Mar. 25]]<br /> ==Teacher presentation on Songs for Session 5==<br /> [[Media:05_Chin_Lang_Cult_Songs.pptx]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 5: Teacher and student presentations on Fairy Tales and Mythology==<br /> === Song: Celadon and the Celadon Song ===<br /> [[Media:Celadon and the Celadon Song.pptx|Please download this pptx on Celadon and the Celadon Song created by]] 孙丽君 Sun Lijun<br /> <br /> === Song: Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan ===<br /> [[Media: Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan]] created by 彭慧璇 Peng Huixuan<br /> <br /> === Social Media: Douyin (Tik Tok) ===<br /> [[Media: Douyin (Tik Tok).pptx|Please download this pptx on Douyin (Tik Tok) created by ]] 向望 Xiang Wang<br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ====Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 5 for Session 6==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here<br /> Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China; <br /> Literature: Ancient literature: Classical Literature; <br /> Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China; <br /> Literature: AncientThe Classic of Mountains and Seas <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> * Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China<br /> * Literature: Ancient literature: Classical Literature<br /> * Literature: Ancient Literature - Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations<br /> * Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas<br /> <br /> =Session 6, Fri Apr 1, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 14 Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China 60% 黄琼 Huang Qiong<br /> <br /> 15 Literature: Ancient literature: Classical Literature 58%杨紫微Yang Ziwei<br /> <br /> 32 Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations 53%张姣玲 Zhang Jiaoling<br /> <br /> 34 Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas 53% 何丽娜 He Lina<br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 5 for Session 6: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220325_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rUPwuxt.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Ancient literature: Classical Literature<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rUPwuxt.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rUPwuxt.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 4===<br /> *What you need to read: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rUPwuxt.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Apr 1.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on Apr.1]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 6: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China ===<br /> [[Media: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China.pptx|Please download this pptx on Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China created by]] 黄琼 Huang Qiong<br /> === Ancient literature: Classical Literature ===<br /> [[Media:Classical Literature.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Classical Literature]] created by 杨紫微Yang Ziwei<br /> <br /> === Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations ===<br /> [[Media:Premodern_literature-Li_Bai's_“The_River-Merchant's_Wife-_A_Letter”_and_its_translations.pptx|Please download this pptx on Premodern literature-Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations created by ]] 张姣玲 Zhang Jiaoling<br /> <br /> === Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas ===<br /> [[Media:The Classic of Mountains and Seas.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on The Classic of Mountains and Seas]] created by 何丽娜 He Lina<br /> <br /> ===Teacher presentation for session 6===<br /> [[Media:06_Premodern_Chinese_Literature.pptx]]<br /> <br /> ===Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 6 for Session 7==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here<br /> <br /> 3 Global Impact of Chinese Culture 70%<br /> <br /> 6 Global Impact of Chinese Language 66%<br /> <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> * 3 Global Impact of Chinese Culture 70%<br /> * 6 Global Impact of Chinese Language 66%<br /> <br /> =Session 7, Fri Apr 8, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 3 Global Impact of Chinese Culture 70%<br /> <br /> 6 Global Impact of Chinese Language 66%<br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 6 for Session 7: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220401_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Global Impact of Chinese Culture<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/QcfS5Sb.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Global Impact of Chinese Language<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/QcfS5Sb.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Apr 1.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on Apr.8]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 7: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Global Impact of Chinese Culture ===<br /> *[[Media:Global Impact of Chinese Culture.pptx|Please download this pptx on Global Impact of Chinese Culture]] created by 夏晶 Xia Jing <br /> <br /> *[[Textbook text on Global Impact of Chinese Culture]] 仝雨梦 Tong Yumeng <br /> [[Global Impact of Chinese Culture 2022]]<br /> <br /> *[[Questions and Answers, Terms and Expressions, Quiz. Textbook text on Global Impact of Chinese Culture]] 曹梦然 Cao Mengran<br /> <br /> *[[Media:Handout with Literature Review on Global Impact of Chinese Culture.docx|Handout with Literature Review on Global Impact of Chinese Culture]] 胡梦琪 Hu Mengqi<br /> <br /> === Global Impact of Chinese Language ===<br /> [[Media: Global Impact of Chinese Language.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Global Impact of Chinese Language]] created by 王思佳Wang Sijia 刘安莉Liu Anli 徐文慧Xu Wenhui Akira Jantarat<br /> <br /> 分工：<br /> Akira:PPT/presentation<br /> * [[Media:Literature Review.docx|Literature Review]] by 徐文慧：Literature Rieview<br /> 王思佳：quiz<br /> 刘安莉：textbook<br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ====Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 7 for Session 8==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here<br /> <br /> 25 Translation: Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese 55%<br /> 28 Translation: Written Translation from and into Chinese 54%<br /> 37 Translation: Artificial Intelligence in Translation 52%<br /> <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> * Translation: Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese 55%<br /> * Translation: Written Translation from and into Chinese 54%<br /> * Translation: Artificial Intelligence in Translation 52%<br /> <br /> =Session 8, Fri Apr 15, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> * Translation: Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese 55% <br /> <br /> * Translation: Written Translation from and into Chinese 54% <br /> <br /> * Translation: Artificial Intelligence in Translation 52% <br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 7 for Session 8: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220408_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Translation: Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/hUytnVZ.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Translation: Written Translation from and into Chinese<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/hUytnVZ.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Translation: Artificial Intelligence in Translation<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/hUytnVZ.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Apr 1.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on Apr.8]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 8: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese ===<br /> [[Media:Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese.pptx|Please download this pptx on Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese]] created by 李立飞 Li Lifei 方楚晗 Fang Chuhan 胡雯雯 Hu Wenwen<br /> <br /> === Written Translation from and into Chinese ===<br /> [[Media:Written Translation from and into Chinese.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Written Translation from and into Chinese]] created by 段小蝶 Duan Xiaodie 朱丽娟 Zhu Lijuan 钟青 Zhong Qing 周哲 Zhou Zhe<br /> <br /> === Artificial Intelligence in Translation ===<br /> [[Media:Artificial Intelligence in Translation.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Artificial Intelligence in Translation]] created by 童略雅 Tong Lüeya 李思敏 Li Simin 张旻丰 Zhang Minfeng 邓阳林 Deng Yanglin<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ====Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> ==Homework of Session 8 for Session 9==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here<br /> 35 Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 53%<br /> 9 Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 64%<br /> 21 Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 56%<br /> 22 Literature: Premodern literature - Su Shi<br /> 11 Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 63%<br /> <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> <br /> 35 Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 53% 张瑞 Zhang Rui<br /> <br /> 9 Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 64% 伍佳惠 Wu Jiahui<br /> <br /> 21 Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 56% 向师琦 Xiang Shiqi<br /> <br /> 22 Literature: Premodern literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 曹姣 Cao Jiao<br /> <br /> 11 Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 63% 王亚娟Wang Yajuan<br /> <br /> =Session 9, Fri Apr 21, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 35 Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 53%<br /> <br /> 9 Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 64%<br /> <br /> 21 Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 56%<br /> <br /> 22 Literature: Premodern literature -Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China <br /> <br /> 11 Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 63% <br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 8 for Session 9: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220415_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature:Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/mNgWIN6.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/mNgWIN6.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/mNgWIN6.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 4===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Premodern literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/mNgWIN6.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 5===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/mNgWIN6.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Apr 1.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on Apr.8]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 9: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty ===<br /> [[Media:Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty.pptx|Please download this pptx on Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty]]created by 张瑞 Zhang Rui<br /> <br /> === Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio ===<br /> [[Media:Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio]] created by 伍佳惠 Wu Jiahui<br /> <br /> === Premodern literature:Tang-Song ===<br /> [[Media:Premodern literature of Tang and Song.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Premodern literature ofTang and Song]] created by 向师琦 Xiang Shiqi<br /> <br /> === Premodern literature:Take Su Shi as an example.Relegation Literature in Ancient China ===<br /> [[Media: Premodern literature.Take Su Shi as an example.Relegation Literature in Ancient China.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Premodern literature.Take Su Shi as an example.Relegation Literature in Ancient China]] created by 曹姣 Cao Jiao<br /> <br /> ===China's Four Great Classical Novels ===<br /> [[Media:China's Four Great Classical Novels.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on China's Four Great Classical Novels]] created by 王亚娟Wang Yajuan<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ====Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> ==Homework of Session 9 for Session 10==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here<br /> 19 Language: How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages) 57%<br /> 24 Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.) 55%<br /> 30 Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language (e.g. Tang poetry) 54%<br /> 39 Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China 51%<br /> <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> *19 Language: How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages) 57% 颜媛 Yan Yuan 李欣Lixin 黎溢佳 Li Yijia 聂薇 Nie Wei 徐舞 Xu Wu<br /> <br /> *24 Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.) 55% 庹树梅 Tuo Shumei 李颖Li Ying 王思琪 Wang Siqi卞王倩 Bian Wangqian<br /> <br /> *30 Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language (e.g. Tang poetry) 54% 廖诗韵 Liao Shiyun 刘唱 Liu Chang 李媛 Li Yuan 邝雨琪 Kuang Yuqi<br /> <br /> *39 Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China 51% 梁思婷 Liang Siting 周皓熙 Zhou Haoxi 李梓婕Li Zijie 张白鹭 Zhang Bailu<br /> <br /> =Session 10, Fri Apr 28, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 19 Language: How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages) 57%<br /> <br /> 24 Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.) 55%<br /> <br /> 30 Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language (e.g. Tang poetry) 54%<br /> <br /> 39 Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China 51%<br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 9 for Session 10: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220421_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Language: How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages)<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/wfWszxk.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.)<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/wfWszxk.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/wfWszxk.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 4===<br /> *What you need to read: Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/wfWszxk.aspx]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Apr 1.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on Apr.21st]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 10: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages) ===<br /> [[Media:How the Language Shapes the Mind.pptx|Please download this pptx on How the Language Shapes the Mind]] created by 黎溢佳 Li Yijia 徐舞 Xu Wu<br /> <br /> [[Media:Literature Review of how the language shapes the mind.docx|Literature Review of how the language shapes the mind]] by 李欣Lixin<br /> <br /> [[Media:Text Book of how the language shapes the mind.pdf|Text Book of how the language shapes the mind]] by 颜媛 Yan Yuan 聂薇 Nie Wei<br /> <br /> === Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.) ===<br /> [[Media: Language Styles.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Language Styles]] created by 李颖Li Ying (part 1-3) 庹树梅 Tuo Shumei (part 4-5)<br /> <br /> [[Media:Text Book of Language Styles.docx|Text Book of Language Styles]] by 卞王倩 Bian Wangqian (part 1-3) 王思琪 Wang Siqi (part 4-5)<br /> <br /> === Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language (e.g. Tang poetry)===<br /> [[Media: Ambiguity of Chinese Language.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Ambiguity of Chinese Language]] created by 邝雨琪 Kuang Yuqi （Part 1-2) 刘唱 Liu Chang (part3-4)<br /> <br /> [[Media:Text Book of Ambiguity of Chinese Language.pdf|Text Book of Ambiguity of Chinese Language]] by 廖诗韵 Liao Shiyun 李媛 Li Yuan<br /> <br /> === Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China===<br /> [[Media: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Rhethorics and Propaganda in China]] created by 梁思婷 Liang Siting (part 1) 李梓婕Li Zijie (part 2)<br /> <br /> [[Media:Textbook of Rhethorics and Propaganda in China.docx|Textbook of Rhethorics and Propaganda in China]] by 周皓熙 Zhou Haoxi (part 1) 张白鹭 Zhang Bailu (part 2)<br /> <br /> ===Teacher presentation for session 10===<br /> [[Media:10_Chinese_Language.pptx]]<br /> <br /> =Session 11, May 5, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 10 Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 63% <br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 10 for Session 11: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220421_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Stage entertainment: Crosstalk <br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/hPnklri.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Apr 28.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on Apr.28]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 11: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Stage Entertainment: Crosstalk ===<br /> [[Media:Stage Entertainment Crosstalk.pptx|Please download this pptx on Stage Entertainment Crosstalk]] created by 高智慧 Gao Zhihui<br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ====Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 11 for Session 12==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here<br /> <br /> 26 Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 54%<br /> <br /> 36 Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 53%<br /> <br /> 33 Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 53%<br /> <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> <br /> 26 Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 54% 李丹 Li Dan<br /> <br /> 36 Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 53% 崔晓凡 Cui Xiao fan<br /> <br /> 33 Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 53% 刘珍 Liu Zhen 徐盖 Xu Gai<br /> <br /> =Session 12, May 12, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 26 Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 54%<br /> <br /> 36 Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 53%<br /> <br /> 33 Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 53%<br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 11 for Session 12: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220505_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rWckO8w.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: Calligraphy<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rWckO8w.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rWckO8w.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz Grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on May 5th.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on May 5th]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 12: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters ===<br /> [[Media:Chinese Writing Chinese Characters.pptx|Please download this pptx on Chinese Writing Chinese Characters]] created by 李丹 Li Dan<br /> <br /> === Chinese Writing: Calligraphy ===<br /> [[Media:Calligraphy.pptx|Please download this pptx on Calligraphy]] created by 崔晓凡 Cui Xiao fan<br /> <br /> === Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets ===<br /> [[Media:Spring Festival Couplets.pptx|Please download this pptx on Spring Festival Couplets]] created by 刘珍 Liu Zhen 徐盖 Xu Gai<br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ====Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 11 for Session 12==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here<br /> <br /> 20 Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 56%<br /> 23 Literature: Modern Literature 55%<br /> 29 Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 54%<br /> 40 Literature: Contemporary Literature 50%<br /> <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> <br /> *20 Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 56% 陈路瑶 Chen Luyao<br /> *23 Literature: Modern Literature 55% 兰绮 Lan Qi<br /> *29 Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 54% 刘婷 Liu Ting<br /> *40 Literature: Contemporary Literature 50% 李婷Li Ting<br /> <br /> =Session 13, May 19, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 20 Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 56%<br /> <br /> 23 Literature: Modern Literature 55%<br /> <br /> 29 Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 54%<br /> <br /> 40 Literature: Contemporary Literature 50%<br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 12 for Session 13: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220512_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu)<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/tWpB9rc.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Modern Literature<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/tWpB9rc.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rWKcCN2.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 4===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Contemporary Literature<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rWKcCN2.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on May.19.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on May.19]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 13: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) ===<br /> [[Media:Modern Literature Qian Zhongshu.pptx|Please download this pptx on Modern Literature Qian Zhongshu]] created by 陈路瑶 Chen Luyao<br /> <br /> === Literature: Modern Literature ===<br /> [[Media:Literature of Modern Literature.pptx|Please download this pptx on Literature of Modern Literature]] created by 兰绮 Lan Qi<br /> <br /> === Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy ===<br /> [[Media:Literature and Science Fiction and Fantasy.pptx|Please download this pptx on Literature and Science Fiction and Fantasy]] created by 刘婷 Liu Ting<br /> <br /> === Literature: Contemporary Literature ===<br /> [[Media:Literature of Contemporary Literature.pptx|Please download this pptx on Literature of Contemporary Literature]] created by 李婷Li Ting<br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ====Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 13 for Session 14==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here<br /> <br /> 38 Opera: Peking Opera<br /> <br /> 41 Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang <br /> <br /> 42 Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) <br /> <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> <br /> 38 Opera: Peking Opera 52% 谢晓莹 Xie Xiaoying<br /> <br /> 41 Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 50% 郑冬琴 Zheng Dongqin<br /> <br /> 42 Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 50% 熊嘉玲 Xiong Jia ling<br /> <br /> =Session 14, May 26, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 38 Opera: Peking Opera 52% 谢晓莹 Xie Xiaoying<br /> <br /> 41 Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 50% 郑冬琴 Zheng Dongqin<br /> <br /> 42 Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 50% 熊嘉玲 Xiong Jia ling<br /> <br /> ==Session 14: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Opera: Peking Opera ===<br /> [[Media:Peking Opera.pptx|Please download this pptx on Peking Opera]] created by 谢晓莹 Xie Xiaoying<br /> <br /> === Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang ===<br /> [[Media:Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang.pptx|Please download this pptx on Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang]] created by 郑冬琴 Zheng Dongqin<br /> <br /> === Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) ===<br /> [[Media:Hunan Flower drum Opera.pptx|Please download this pptx on Hunan Flower drum Opera]] created by 熊嘉玲 Xiong Jia ling<br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ====Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 13 for Session 14==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rL2cDH7.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on May.26.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on May.26]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> <br /> 27 Globalization: The Westernization Movement 54% 黄天琪 Huang Tianqi <br /> <br /> 31 Globalization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 53% 莫雨婷Mo Yuting<br /> <br /> =Session 15, June 2nd, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 27 Globalization: The Westernization Movement 54% 黄天琪 Huang Tianqi <br /> <br /> 31 Globalization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 53% 莫雨婷Mo Yuting<br /> <br /> ==Session 15: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Globalization: The Westernization Movement ===<br /> [[Media:The Westernization Movement.pptx|Please download this pptx on The Westernization Movement]] created by 黄天琪 Huang Tianqi <br /> <br /> === Globalization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning ===<br /> [[Media:The Eastward Spread of Western Learning.pptx|Please download this pptx on The Eastward Spread of Western Learning]] created by 莫雨婷Mo Yuting<br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ===Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 14 for Session 15==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here <br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on June 2nd.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on June 2nd]]<br /> <br /> ==Final Exam Paper (deadline June &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;, 2021)==<br /> The final exam paper makes 70% of the total grade. You can start to write your paper now. Fellow students are allowed and encouraged to correct your mistakes.<br /> <br /> Please write a new chapter (approximately 5,000 English characters/letters) in the course book, explaining an element of Chinese culture. Please use the structure you know from the textbook: Text (please make paragraphs no longer than 3 sentences. Please indicate at least 1 reference per paragraph), Terms (English and Chinese), Questions (multiple choice, please also provide the answers), References<br /> <br /> You can write your final exam paper here [[20220630_Culture|2022 LIST OF FINAL PAPERS]]<br /> <br /> =2nd Session Fri Mar 4, 2022 ...=<br /> <br /> =3rd Session Fri Mar 11, 2022 ...=<br /> <br /> =Sample of the website from last year's course=<br /> Quicklinks: [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] [[Chinese_Language_and_Culture_2022|Course Homepage (this page)]]. [[Joint_translation_terms|Joint translation terms]] Homework [[20210303_culture|1, Mar 3 Chapters 1-4]], [[20210310_culture|2, Mar 10 Chapters 6-7]], [[20210317_culture|3, Mar 17 Chapters 11-13]], [[20210324_culture|4, Mar 24 Chapters 15-17]], [[20210331_culture|5, Mar 31 Chapters 4-7]], [[20210407_culture|6, Apr 7 Chapters 8-10]], [[20210414_culture|7, Apr 14 Chapters 13-15]] , [[20210421_culture|8, Apr 21 Chapters 17-19]] (这是5.19的作业）[[20210526_culture|13, May 26 Chapters 17-20]][[20210602_culture|14, June 2 Chapters 21-23]] etc. [[20210601_culture|Final Exam &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;extended deadline June 15&lt;/span&gt;]]<br /> <br /> Welcome to our course website '''Chinese Language and Culture 2022'''. Whenever you visit this site, please see if there is anything in English not yet translated into Chinese and make a Chinese translation beneath (one paragraph English, one paragraph Chinese). Any correction or improvement of earlier translations is welcome!<br /> <br /> 欢迎访问我们'''中国文化基础'''网页。…………--[[User:Root|Root]] ([[User talk:Root|talk]]) 07:43, 28 September 2020 (UTC)<br /> <br /> =Organizational Things=<br /> *Please register for the Course Wiki.<br /> *Please prepare each session during the week before, so that you come prepared to class.<br /> ==Description of Homework==<br /> *Our website admin student is Zhu Renduo.<br /> ===Regular students===<br /> 1. Please read and prepare all the texts for the next textbook unit.<br /> <br /> 2. Please go to the homework page and translate the short passage of the Dream of the Red Chamber into English. Do not forget to sign by typing - - ~ ~ ~ ~ (without spaces) at the end.<br /> <br /> Then please help your fellow students to correct and improve their translations. Do not forget to sign by typing - - ~ ~ ~ ~ (without spaces) at the end.<br /> <br /> 3. Once in the semester, you give a presentation on a topic of the textbook. Please do not just repeat the content, but say something from the perspective of a translator: What problems do you encounter when translating the textbook text or when translating texts of this topic. One student can do a presentation, the other can do a handout. Both contributions are graded separately.<br /> <br /> ===Website Admin student===<br /> Thank you for helping to watch the Wiki website! Please make sure that it looks nice (formatting, especially if a fellow students makes a mess by putting the wrong format etc., should not look to crowded, so make sub-websites for homework etc.). <br /> <br /> ===Online Survey students===<br /> There will be several online surveys conducted throughout the semester. <br /> Please fill in the first survey after session 1: http://bit.ly/EU-SURVEY<br /> Please fill in the 2nd quiz (to show that you have read the texts for session 2) before session 2.<br /> <br /> ==Edits==<br /> Every student is required to edit something every week. This can be:<br /> * Translate a pragraph from English to Chinese.<br /> * Correct an earlier translation of your fellow student beneath.<br /> * Prepare an article (please link to from this page) and/or a powerpoint (please upload here) on a topic you will present during the semester.<br /> * Prepare the final exam paper as early as possible by writing a chapter for a book on &quot;History of Translations&quot;, &quot;History of Translation Theories&quot;, &quot;Machine translation - A challenge or a chance for human translators?&quot;, &quot;Culture loaded words&quot;, &quot;The cultural turn in Translation History&quot;...<br /> <br /> ==Material==<br /> The coursebook will be provided to you in the WeChat Group.<br /> <br /> Please rate the 127 topics on http://shijiehanxue.mikecrm.com/uysEi5J or http://bit.ly/rate_topics (you can only rate once). We will select the top 45 topics and deal with 3 topics per week/session.<br /> <br /> '''Results of the Rating'''<br /> &lt;table style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse;width:500pt&quot; width=&quot;450&quot;<br /> cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; border=&quot;1&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl65&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;width:62pt&quot; width=&quot;83&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;Order&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl65&quot; style=&quot;border-left:none;width:62pt&quot;<br /> width=&quot;83&quot;&gt;Date&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl66&quot; style=&quot;border-left:none;width:508pt&quot;<br /> width=&quot;677&quot;&gt;Topic&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl65&quot; style=&quot;border-left:none;width:62pt&quot;<br /> width=&quot;83&quot;&gt;Chapter&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl65&quot; style=&quot;border-left:none;width:44pt&quot;<br /> width=&quot;58&quot;&gt;Points&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl67&quot; style=&quot;border-left:none;width:44pt&quot;<br /> width=&quot;58&quot;&gt;Popularity&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;10.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Beverages:<br /> Milk Tea&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;21&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;474&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;79%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;2&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;10.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional<br /> Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines in China&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;28&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;468&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;78%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;10.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Beverages:<br /> Tea&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;20&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;451&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;75%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;4&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;17.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Architecture:<br /> <br /> Architecture and Gardens, The Forbidden City&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-spacerun:yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;36&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;433&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;72%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;5&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;17.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional<br /> Festivals&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;432&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;72%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;6&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;17.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;108&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;427&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;71%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;7&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;24.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional<br /> Cuisine: Four Distinct Regional Cuisines&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;24&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;423&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;71%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;8&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;24.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Education: Historical Figures, The Four Talented Women of Ancient China&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;119&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;417&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;70%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;9&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;24.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional Cuisine: Two Famous Dishes&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;26&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;415&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;69%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;10&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;31.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Aesthetic<br /> ideals and social customs: Chinese Marriage Customs&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;110&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;409&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;68%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;11&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;31.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Music and instruments: Pipa&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;95&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;406&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;68%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;12&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;31.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;25&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;404&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;67%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;13&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;07.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Silk<br /> and porcelain: Celadon and Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;31&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;401&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;67%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;14&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;07.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional Cuisine: Chinese Dining Etiquette&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:FR;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;FR&quot;&gt;23&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;396&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;66%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;15&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;07.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;98&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;395&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;66%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;16&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;14.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Garden<br /> Culture: The Summer Palace&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;41&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;385&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;64%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;17&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;14.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-spacerun:yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;106&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;384&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;64%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;18&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;14.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;99&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;383&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;64%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;19&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;21.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Architecture&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;35&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;377&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;63%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;20&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;21.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Music and instruments: Guzheng&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;94&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;375&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;63%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;21&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;21.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Astrology: Twelve Animals of the Chinese Zodiac&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;71&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;372&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;62%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;22&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;28.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Ancient<br /> literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;49&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;371&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;62%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;23&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;28.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;50&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;369&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;62%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;24&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;28.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese language: Chinese Dialects&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;368&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;61%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;25&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;08.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Animals:<br /> Panda&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;128&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;366&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;61%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;26&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;08.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Facial Make-up: Face Changing in Sichuan Opera&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;97&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;365&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;61%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;27&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;08.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Mythology: Huli-jing&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;73&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;364&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;61%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;28&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;12.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional Crafts: Folk Art - Chinese Paper-cutting&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;19&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;364&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;61%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;29&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;12.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Science and Technology: Douyin (Tik Tok)&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;362&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;60%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;30&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;12.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese clothing / interieur: Chinese clothing&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;112&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;361&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;60%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;31&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;19.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Facial Make-up&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;96&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;360&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;60%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;32&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;19.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;22&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;357&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;60%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;33&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;19.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Premodern literature: Tang and Song (2 texts)&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;51&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;357&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;60%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;34&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;26.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Medicine: The Development of Chinese Medicine&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;68&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;356&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;59%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;35&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;26.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Modern and Contemporary Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien<br /> Chung-shu)&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;56&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;349&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;58%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;36&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;26.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Body movement performance: Traditional Chinese Dance&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;103&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;346&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;58%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;37&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;02.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Astrology: Calendar, The 24 Solar Terms&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;72&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;346&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;58%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;38&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;02.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Stage entertainment: Shadow Play&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;344&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;57%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;39&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;02.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Astrology: Chinese Astrology&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;70&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;338&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;56%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;40&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;09.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;336&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;56%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;41&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;09.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Landscapes and tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;122&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;333&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;56%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;42&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;09.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional Crafts: Carving&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;17&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;326&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;54%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;16.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Landscapes and tourism: Tourism, Nanjing-An Ancient Capital of Six Dynasties&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;126&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;319&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;53%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;44&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;16.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;42&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;317&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;53%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;45&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;16.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional<br /> Crafts: Handcraft - Chinese Knots&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;18&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;317&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;53%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;46&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Fine Arts: Painting&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;32&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;316&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;53%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;47&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese clothing / interieur: Cheongsam&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;113&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;312&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;52%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;48&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zhang Qian and the Silk Road&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;89&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;309&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;52%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;49&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Money culture: Currency, Jiaozi (A Paper Currency in Northern Song<br /> Dynasty)&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;105&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;308&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;51%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;50&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Beijing Opera: Actor Mei Lanfang&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;61&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;306&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;51%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;51&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Education: Ancient Chinese Education&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;116&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;305&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;51%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;52&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese language&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;44&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;304&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;51%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;53&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional Crafts: Embroidery&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;14&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;304&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;51%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;54&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Mythology: Gods and Immortals&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;74&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;303&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;51%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;55&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Writing: Calligraphy&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;11&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;302&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;50%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;56&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Landscapes and tourism: The Ancient Tea Horse Road&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;123&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;300&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;50%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;57&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;299&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;50%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;58&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Premodern literature: Li Bai's 李白 《长干行》 and its translations&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;297&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;50%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;59&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Medicine: Acupuncture and Moxibustion&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;67&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;296&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;49%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;60&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Silk and porcelain: Silk&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;296&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;49%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;61&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;294&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;49%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;62&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Stage entertainment: Chinese cinema (dramas and movies) and its popularity and affection in Vietnam&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;101&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;294&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;49%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;63&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Games: Go 围棋&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun:yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;107&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;291&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;49%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;64&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Premodern<br /> literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;54&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;289&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;48%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;65&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Religions: Daoism&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;76&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;288&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;48%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;66&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Science and Technology: Ancient Science and Technology&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;286&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;48%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;67&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Architecture:<br /> Bridges&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;39&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;284&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;47%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;68&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Education:<br /> Yuelu Academy (One of the Four Most Prestigious Academies)&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;117&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;283&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;47%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;69&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Landscapes<br /> and tourism: Mogao Grottoes&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;124&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;283&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;47%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;70&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He and the Maritime Silk<br /> Road&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;90&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;283&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;47%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;71&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Ancient<br /> literature: Classical Literature&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;46&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;281&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;47%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;72&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Army<br /> and weapons: Chinese Ancient Weapons&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;121&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;281&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;47%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;73&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Aesthetic<br /> ideals and social customs: Habits, Ways of Contacting&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;109&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;279&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;47%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;74&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Architecture:<br /> Three Great Towers in China&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;38&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;275&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;46%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;75&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Fine<br /> Arts: Seal-cutting&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;33&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;275&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;46%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;76&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Silk<br /> Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He's Voyages&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;91&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;275&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;46%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;77&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Garden<br /> Culture: Gardens&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;40&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;274&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;46%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;78&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese<br /> Medicine: Diagnosis and Pharmacology&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;66&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;273&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;46%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;79&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Beijing<br /> Opera&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;272&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;45%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;80&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese<br /> Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;272&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;45%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;81&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Premodern<br /> literature: China's Four Great Classical Novels&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;53&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;270&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;45%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;82&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese<br /> clothing / interieur: The Folding Screen&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;115&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;267&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;45%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;83&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Ancient<br /> literature: Chinese Mythology&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;48&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;265&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;44%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;84&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese<br /> Medicine: Zhang Zhongjing&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;69&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;264&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;44%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;85&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Landscapes<br /> and tourism: Four State-Level Cultural Relics&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;125&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;263&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;44%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;86&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Martial<br /> Arts: Qigong&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;64&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;262&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;44%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;87&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Architecture:<br /> Four Great Pavilions&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;37&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;261&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;44%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;88&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Religions:<br /> Buddhism&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;75&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;260&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;89&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional<br /> Cuisine: Chopsticks&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;27&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;260&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;90&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Westernization:<br /> The Eastward Spread of Western Learning&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;92&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;260&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;91&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Body<br /> movement performance: Chinese Lion Dancing&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-spacerun:yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;104&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;259&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;92&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Body<br /> movement performance: Stilts&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;102&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;259&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;93&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Science<br /> and Technology: Compass&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;259&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;94&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese<br /> Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;258&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;95&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese<br /> Writing: Ancient Writing and Painting Tool, Writing Brush&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;255&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;96&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Garden<br /> Culture: Bonsai (Penjing)&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun:yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;43&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;253&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;42%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;97&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional<br /> Crafts: Lacquerware&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;16&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;247&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;41%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;98&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese<br /> clothing / interieur: Batik&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;114&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;242&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;40%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;99&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Confucianism:<br /> <br /> Confucian Culture&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;81&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;237&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;40%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;100&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Westernization:<br /> The Westernization Movement&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;93&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;236&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;39%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;101&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Modern and Contemporary Literature: Novels&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;57&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;234&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;39%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;102&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction,<br /> and Fantasy&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;59&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;233&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;39%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;103&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Ancient<br /> literature: Yue Fu&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;47&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;231&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;39%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;104&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Modern and Contemporary Literature: Modern Literature&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;55&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;231&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;39%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;105&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;118&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;229&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;38%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;106&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Confucianism: Four Main Philosophic Schools&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;79&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;226&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;38%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;107&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading Tao Te Ching&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;85&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;225&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;38%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;108&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Minority cultures: Lisu People and Daogan Festival of Lisu Ethnic Minority&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;111&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;219&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;37%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;109&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Landscapes<br /> and tourism: Four Buddhist Shrines&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;127&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;213&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;36%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;110&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Beijing<br /> Opera: Beijing Opera Acrobatics&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;62&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;211&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;111&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Confucianism:<br /> <br /> Classical Philosophy - Confucius and Confucianism&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;211&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;112&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Martial<br /> Arts: Wushu&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;63&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;211&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;113&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Army<br /> and weapons: Terracotta Army&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;120&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;210&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;114&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Fine<br /> Arts: Bada Shanren and Qi Baishi&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;210&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;115&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Martial<br /> Arts: Huo Yuanjia&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;65&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;210&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;116&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Modern and Contemporary Literature: Contemporary Literature&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;58&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;209&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;117&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Daoism&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;84&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;204&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;34%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;118&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional<br /> <br /> Festivals: Lattice on Ancient Chinese Windows&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;203&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;34%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;119&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Silk<br /> and porcelain: Porce</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Homework_of_session_3&diff=148159 Homework of session 3 2022-10-15T11:20:41Z <p>Li Hong: /* Part 15k 李鸿 Li Hong */</p> <hr /> <div>Quicklinks:[[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022|Back to course homepage]] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] <br /> [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual]<br /> <br /> '''Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022 for session 4 Oct 21'''<br /> <br /> '''Assignment 1''' '''Click here'''[[ LIST OF TOPICS OF CLC 2022 Fall]] to check the topics to prepare, the topic for next week is<br /> <br /> Confucian Teaching Thoughts<br /> <br /> Rhetorics in China 漆羿鑫Qi Yixin<br /> <br /> Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy 王芳玲 Wang Fangling<br /> <br /> Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 王纪龙 Wang Jilong 夏盼Xia Pan<br /> <br /> Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts 杨思吟Yang Siyin<br /> <br /> '''Assignment 2''' '''Click here'''<br /> <br /> Rhetorics in China <br /> <br /> Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy <br /> <br /> Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters <br /> <br /> Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts to do the quizzes on the textbook<br /> <br /> '''Assignment 3''': Please do the translation below here<br /> <br /> IN PREPARATION<br /> <br /> '''Please write your homework directly down here'''<br /> <br /> Just click on the edit button behind your name and add the English translation as a seperate paragraph, separated by blank line. <br /> <br /> While translating, please do not use Pinyin to transcribe names, but use the names by meaning we agreed upon in our [[Joint_translation_terms|Joint translation terms]] list.<br /> <br /> When you have finished writing your homework, please do not forget to click the &quot;save&quot; button and type in the password &quot;wikicaptcha&quot;.<br /> <br /> Also, please correct the translation of the fellow student above you by pasting a 2nd English paragraph beneath.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Part 14==<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 14i 白婷 Bai Ting ====<br /> <br /> 儿子出生了，长得虎头虎脑，结结实实的，一逗就咯咯地笑。院子里也养上了鸡，养上了一头大母驴。党桂梅说，我们有了儿子，才理解老人们说的话，人心真的都是往下长的。看着自己身上掉下来的肉，看着儿子活泼可爱的样子，我们两口子心里哪个爱呀，就像吃了甜菜疙瘩那么甜。我跟他爸说，我这辈子最委屈的就是没好好上学，我要是好好上学，现在没准也能当个东方之子，上个电视啥的呢。那时候中央电视台有个栏目叫东方时空，介绍过好几位女科学，女教授，那都是国家的的顶梁柱。我特爱看那个节目，有时看着看着，就忍不住掉眼泪，心想她们虽然不容易，但人家毕竟成功了……我每回说起这话，我们家刘玉国就会接——供、供、供，咱儿子在乡里上了小学，到林东上中学，然后到北京上海念大学，等他有了儿子，就到联合国去念，做个决定世界大事的人。到那个时候，党桂梅就出名了，人人都知道党桂梅老奶奶不是一般人儿……玩笑虽然开得有点大，但是再苦再累，也要把孩子供出来，是我们像铁一样实实在在的想法。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14j 蔡思 Cai Si====<br /> <br /> <br /> 可能是由于我长年劳累，儿子早早的就没了母乳，给他喝米汤，加点牛奶，不行，孩子眼看着就瘦下去了，六个月，连二斤肉都没有长出来，我们心里那个难受啊，缺钱，怎么办呢？挖药，种地，土里刨食的办法是解决不了问题了。这时候农村的集市活跃起来了，我们这一片的集市也很热闹。看着那些林西镇和林东镇的人，从大城市带来了洗发液、电熨斗、方便面啥的到集上卖，是挺赚钱的。可是我们没本钱，家里有孩子，有地，也出不了远门，那我们能卖点什么呢?<br /> <br /> <br /> 山根，河套，庄稼地，长啥卖啥吧。玉国手巧，就到河套割了些柳条子，在自己家编土篮，每天干完地里的活，我给他剪柳条，打下手，我们俩人一直干到半夜里，后来他也把我教会了，他编大筐，我编小篓。十天一个集，赶集的地方离我们北房身村八十华里，他骑着个加重的自行车，带着我，前面车把挂着五个土篮子，我的肩上挎着五个土篮子，在装上点葵花籽、山杏仁，偶尔带点冰糖红糖，过年过节带些对联去卖，我们挣钱虽然不太多，几年下来也把儿子养大了，还置上了一公一母两头驴，二十多只下蛋的鸡，后来又抓了一头小母猪，每年能卖出一窝小猪仔。家里的日子，真是好多了，有盼头了，这时候我们丫头也出生了，我们也成了儿女双全，不愁吃穿的户了。”<br /> <br /> ====Part 14k 陈婧 Chen Jing====<br /> <br /> <br /> 儿子听话，又聪明，丫头虽然小，但是是个伶俐的，不到三岁，就能把电视里动画片的的故事照讲一遍。党桂梅两口子就盼着着两头驴生小驴驹子，慢慢繁殖起来，到时候借上大力，供两个孩子上学的钱就不愁了，好日子的缰绳已经被他们抓在了手里，只要平平安安地过下去就好了。<br /> <br /> <br /> 万万想不到的事情，没有任何预兆就来了。儿子十六岁那年，突然身体和精神出现了怪异显现像，乱发脾气，乱砸东西 ，在很短的时间内愈演愈烈，最后到了无法控制的程度。刘玉国和党桂梅赶紧带着儿子到了巴林左旗和赤峰市的医院，确诊的结果为精神性疾病，这个消息简直不啻于晴天霹雳，令这个刚刚过上安稳日子的家彻底地塌陷了。<br /> <br /> 刘玉国知道党桂梅患有高血压症，经不住打击，就劝告妻子，说孩子小，正是长身体的时候，咱们咬牙使劲干，有了钱肯定能治好。说是说，刘玉国的心里还是压着一块大石头，他一个坐在地头上抽烟，一坐就是一下午。家里所有的存款都花光了，亲戚朋友伸出手来给予的资助也用光了。党桂梅两口子开始借高利贷，二分利，就是说借一百元，要还一百二十元。他们何处去了，想着即使倾家荡产，也得借，万不能把儿子耽误了。里里外外，他们花了二十八万。最后实在没有钱了，儿子无法住院，只能在家里服药治疗，效果显然就差多了。一天天劳心劳力地照顾着处于异常状态的儿子，党桂梅感觉自己的身子越来越没劲，早上起来从炕上往地下一站，两条腿好像是别人的，泥一样地堆下去。降压药加了剂量，血压看着是降下来了，压差却拉大了。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14l 王纪龙 Wang Jilong====<br /> <br /> <br /> 她硬挺着，暗暗告诉自己，你可不能倒下去，儿子病了，丫头还小，你要是再倒下，让玉国一个人扛这么多事怎么扛得了。在丈夫面前，她说，我就是个急火攻心，吃点牛黄上清片就好了，在刚刚上小学的丫头面前，她还是那个无所不能的妈妈，每天问孩子的功课，让她吃好穿暖，给她打扮漂漂亮亮的，送她到大门口。<br /> <br /> She tried to be strong and vigorous, muttering to herself: “I could not fall down. My son is sick and my girl is still small. If I fall down, how could Yu Guo alone bear so many things.” In front of her husband, she said she just got a bit manic. Taking some eat some medicines like NiuHuang Shangqing tablets will be fine. In front of her girl who was just at the age of primary school, she still tried to keep the image of an omnipotent mother, caring her child's homework everyday, ensuring her daughter fully and warmly and dressing he beautifully before sending her to the gate. <br /> <br /> 党桂梅到底没有逃过这一劫。一天早晨，她起身时感觉身上很难受，眼前突然一黑，就晕了过去。等到她醒来，一睁开眼睛，天哪，谁给我脑袋上蒙了一块红布？从头上到脚底，都黑红黑红的，窗台上绿色的龙角菊是红的，饭桌上黄色的小米粥也是红色的，看看天，天花板是旋转的，墙角转成了锅沿儿……<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei were not free of her doom after all. One morning, when she got up, she felt very uncomfortable and then her eyes suddenly went black and she passed out. When she woke up and opened her eyes, in astonishment, she found a red cloth over my head and she have no idea who did this? From the ceiling to the ground, everything in her sight looks in the color of the dark-red, from the green dragon horn chrysanthemum at the windowsill to the yellow millet porridge on the dining table. Looking up at the ceiling, she felt the ceiling is rotating and the corner of the wall turned into a pot ......<br /> <br /> 住进了医院，党桂梅的病情一时也没见太大好转，问医生，医生说还需要做一些检查，请专家会诊，当然，需要的治疗费也不少。刘玉国在门外和大夫的对话，党桂梅隐隐约约地听到几句，和她猜想的差不多。她闭上眼睛，不吱声，静静地躺了一天一宿，第二天起来，就喊丈夫。她想好了，换下医院的病号服，穿上自己的羽绒服，回家，不治了。<br /> <br /> Though in the hospital, Dang Guimei's condition has not seen much more improvement. The only answer they could get from doctors is that she still need to have more checks and at least a specialist consultation to make a diagnosis. Of course, the cost is quite large for the treatment. Dong Guimei could faintly heard the conversation between her husband and doctors from outside, which was basically equal to her previous guess. Closing eyes, she quietly and speechlessly lay in a hospital bed all day. By the next day, she got up and called her husband. She had made up her mind to abandon the treatment, switching the hospital gown to her own down cost and going back home.<br /> <br /> ====Part 14m 陈淑敏 Chen Shumin ====<br /> 她说：“我当时想了，我回去养一阵，好了就好了，不好也不浪费钱。家里的鸡鸭猪，还有攒下来的几百斤小米子和干黄芪，全都卖光了，就剩下两头驴了，可不敢再卖了。丫头小，儿子病，往后不得把个闷葫芦似的的男人愁死啊。留下驴，慢慢养，年年下两个小驴驹，还有个活钱，怎么难也要把丫头供出来，将来有个旱涝保收的工作。等到没有我那一天，她爸干不动的时候，也有人养老不是，他哥也得有人管啊，可不能让他造的脏兮兮地满街跑，让不懂事儿的小孩子们撇石头子欺负他。”<br /> <br /> 叫了几遍，也没有听到丈夫回答，到了下午，刘玉国才一头热汗地进了病房。他告诉党玉梅不用急了，大夫说，这点病不算啥，住一阵子院治治就没事儿了。<br /> <br /> 党桂梅说，你是不是把我的驴给卖了。<br /> <br /> 刘玉国说，没有没有。<br /> <br /> 党桂梅急了。一连问了好几遍，那你哪来的钱？<br /> <br /> 刘玉国脸一绷，呵斥党桂梅，你这个女人怎么回事儿？天塌下来有老爷们顶着，都病成这样了能不能省点心。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14n 陈思阳 Chen Siyang ====<br /> <br /> 后来，党玉梅出院回家。一进院子，眼泪就止不住了。院子里果然是空空荡荡，安静极了，没有鸡鸣，也听不见驴叫，就连原来准备修房子的砖，也不见了。儿子站在门口，一脚门里一脚门外，直愣愣看着母亲，就好像不认识一样。丫头小，但是很懂事儿，专挑高兴的事儿说。她说，妈妈、妈妈，我们老师表扬你了，说如果不是你教育得好，我不能当上班长。<br /> <br /> 党桂梅的姐姐告诉她，那天刘玉国从医院回来卖驴，好不容易找到个想买驴的主道，人家还二意思思的，他就哭着央求人家，就差跪下了：“我这是卖得救命钱啊，我媳妇跟着我，净挨累，一天福也没享，这么好的媳妇说什么也得救她啊…… ”<br /> <br /> 一家四口人搂在一起，默默流了半天眼泪。还是党桂梅擦干泪水，把灶火点燃，然后下了一把面条，到地里薅了点青菜，全家吃了灾难之后的第一顿团圆饭。她知道，一切都得重新开始了，现在除了背在身上的十多万块钱的饥荒，家里真的是镚子皆无了。<br /> <br /> 刘玉国和党桂梅刚刚尝到的幸福生活，就这样不翼而飞了。他们家的日子已经变成了一条无助的小船，在看不到绿洲的汪洋里勉强地漂泊着。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14o 陈彦希 Chen Yanxi ====<br /> <br /> 党桂梅出院以后，身体还是弱弱的，还需要吃药和继续治疗，这三年时间，一个四十出头的女人，头发都白的差不多了。她挣扎着，跟在丈夫后面，下地干活，院里院外地张罗一家人的生活，每天累得直不起腰来。他们种了十五亩地，舍不得雇工，全是夫妻俩没黑没白地春种秋收，为的是把从前的日子找回来。可是，毕竟是负担过重，力不从心，生活依旧像一个不能开花结果的树，冷漠地面对着这一对苦苦追求的夫妻。<br /> <br /> 2017年，他们家因病返贫，被识别为建档立卡贫困户。<br /> <br /> 按政策规定，他们家接受扶贫项目资金，养上了七只基础母羊，开始发展家庭牧业，两年后，他们出售了八个羊羔，又买了两头小猪，日子开始有了转机。<br /> <br /> 镇里的领导、村里的干部、驻村第一书记，都在为他们家寻找挣钱的路子。刘玉国和党桂梅说，政策虽好，咱也不能等靠要。村干部说十三敖包村和新井子村，村民绑笤帚挺挣钱，我先跟着村干部去，看能不能学会。刘玉国本来就心灵手巧，到了邻村的笤帚加工车间，一看人家那里干得很红火，一些参与的贫困户都有了收益。 便煞下心来，开始学这项技术。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14p 丁粤 Ding Yue ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 要过年了，驻村第一书记刘凤鸣来到党桂梅家，给她生病的儿子带来一套新衣服，是用从自己工资中挤出来的钱买的。自从刘凤鸣包户进入这个院子，他给这个饱经创伤的家庭，带来了无比温暖，也带来了很多好建议，帮他们解决了不少困难。他自身也被这对夫妻身上自强不息的精神深深打动了，他发现在这个家庭里做扶贫工作，不存在扶贫先扶志这个程序，只要给这两口子提供了切合实际的项目，他们总是做得超出预期。 <br /> <br /> 刘凤鸣看看院子里的鸡圈，空的，原来他们家的鸡每天要出去溜达溜达，吃点小昆虫，小草籽什么的，平日的饲料，全是苞米茬子，瘪谷子，没有任何不天然的饲料，她家小鸡下的蛋，蛋壳硬硬实实的，打开往碗里一倒，橘色的蛋黄外面，有两层蛋清，里面的稠，外面的清亮，鸡蛋煮熟了，一敲裂壳，满桌子香气。 <br /> <br /> 看看她家的羊圈，地上总是干爽的，一点没有屎尿的膻骚气。党桂梅是每天都要出去一趟，一并放着羊，赶着鸡，还要带个篮子捎些羊草和野菜回来，她家的羊，不会整天圈在圈里吃喝拉撒，无论基础母羊还是羔子，都白得跟雪团儿似的，招人喜欢。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14q 王植碧 Wang Zhibi====<br /> <br /> 党桂梅的儿子谢过刘哥，接过了这套衣服。他自己没有穿，而是来到了妈妈的面前。他说：“妈妈，你整日辛苦，过年了，都没有新衣服穿，这衣服你穿吧！”<br /> <br /> The son of Dang Guimei accepted this suit and said thanks to bro Liu. However, he didn’t wear it but run to his mother, saying “This suit is for you, Mom. You work tiredly all the year but don’t have new clothes on New year.”<br /> <br /> 党桂梅一下愣在了那里。<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei frozen in place for a moment.<br /> <br /> 自从儿子得病以后，她每天也不知道要盯着儿子的眼睛看多少遍，儿子的眼神，直接地反映他的精神状态，她每每看着儿子的眼神心痛，痛到心如刀割一般的程度。那是混沌的眼神，冷冰冰的眼神，痴呆呆的眼神。此刻，她盯着儿子的眼神看了半天，一把抱住了儿子，把儿子的脸贴在自己眼前……的确，儿子的眼神变了，有了正常人的情感内涵，儿子说话的表情也是那样亲切，那样自然。<br /> <br /> Since her son was ill, she doesn't know how many times she has to stare into his eyes every day. Because his eyes directly reflect his mental state. Every day he feel heartbroken when she see the haggard eyes of her son. His eyes were chaotic, cold and demented. At the moment, she stared at her son quite a while, hugged him and put his face in front of her eyes. Indeed, son’s eyes had changed and seemed that have healthy people’s emotion. The expression of his was warm and natural when he spoke. <br /> <br /> 党桂梅激动的两手发抖，她竭力让自己平静下来。像什么也没有发现似的对儿子说：“这衣服是男式的，我大儿子穿正好。”<br /> <br /> She was so excited that her hands were shaking. She tried her best to calm down herself. As if he hadn't noticed anything, he said to his son, &quot;These are men's clothes, and they're just right for my oldest son.&quot; <br /> <br /> 只听儿子说：“妈妈，那你过年还没有新衣服呢，要不我不要压岁钱了，你自己留着买件新衣服吧”。党桂梅强抑制住自己的心跳说“大儿子，好儿子，妈妈听你的。”<br /> 他们家的丫头叫刘慧怡,从小受党桂梅的影响，要强，上进，善解人意。<br /> <br /> Her son said, “Mom, you don’t have new clothes on New year. Hum, or I do not want the New Year's Eve money, you keep it for yourself to buy a new dress.” Dang Guimei strongly restrained her heartbeat and said &quot;Eldest son, good son, mother listen to you.&quot; Her daughter called Liu Huiyi, a tough, aspirant and kind girl who was affected by her mother since she was born.<br /> <br /> ====Part 14r 王智灵 Wang Zhiling====<br /> <br /> 这时候她也看出了哥哥的变化，聪明的丫头不露声色，附和哥哥说：“妈妈，我也不要压岁钱了，你留着买件新衣服穿，你看你，身上的棉袄袖子都磨漏了……”<br /> <br /> 党桂梅一把搂住两个孩子，紧紧地贴在自己的胸口上，眼泪再也止不住了，难道从前的日子要回来了，难道从前的幸福要回来了？<br /> <br /> 这一天，党桂梅比什么时候都盼着刘玉国回家，她要把这个好消息告诉丈夫。<br /> <br /> 往常，党桂梅心疼劳累了一天的丈夫，总是先招呼丈夫坐下来，全家一起吃了饭，让他抽棵烟，歇一歇。到了很晚，夫妻俩才有时间，说点话，商量点事儿什么的。此刻，她实在捺不住激动的心情了，<br /> 刘玉国一进门，她就把丈夫拉进里屋，说，我有一个好消息要告诉你。<br /> <br /> 谁知道，刘玉国说，我也有个好消息要告诉你。你看看，外屋我给你带来啥好东西了。<br /> <br /> 党桂梅说，你让我先说。说着，眼泪就流出来了。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14s 吴博涵 Wu Bohan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 刘玉国给党桂梅带回来的是两把笤帚。这两把笤帚是他自己学着绑的，是他在外村学习的毕业作品。<br /> <br /> Liu Yuguo brought two broomsticks back to Dang Guimei. He had learned broom-making techniques in other villages and these were his graduation works tied by himself. <br /> <br /> 内蒙古东北部大兴安岭东南部的农村，有五十多年种植笤帚糜子的历史，不过所产的糜子都廉价卖给了外地客商，当地农民自己制作笤帚，是在全国上下开始脱贫攻坚之后。刘玉国拿回来的成品笤帚，和当时外村乡亲们绑的成品，有所不同，更精巧，更漂亮一些。<br /> <br /> In the villages in southeastern Great Khingan Mountains of northeastern Inner Mongolia, there had been a history of growing broomcorn millet for more than 50 years. However, all the broomcorn millet produced was sold to outside merchants at a low price. Local farmers didn’t make broomsticks by themselves until a nationwide campaign against poverty begun. The broomsticks Liu Yuguo brought back were different from the ones that the villagers from other villages had made. They were more delicate and beautiful. <br /> <br /> 刘玉国说，你看没看出点门道？<br /> <br /> Liu Yuguo said, ‘Did you see anything special?’ <br /> <br /> 党桂梅说，我知道，你把塑料绳和丝绸带子都扎进去了，变出花样了。<br /> <br /> ‘I know,’ Dang Guimei said. 'You've got plastic cords and silk straps in, and you've done something rather unique.' <br /> <br /> 刘玉国说，我的基本功还是不行，手劲不匀，分缕也不准，但是咱下力学，也不是啥难事。现在手工活儿受欢迎，消费者买啥东西都喜欢精致的。要是弄好了，一把小笤帚就能卖五十元钱呢，大笤帚卖<br /> 一百元也不是问题呀。<br /> <br /> Then, Liu Yuguo said ‘My basic skills need to be improved. I have uneven grip and can’t get the wisps correctly divided. But it won’t be hard if we put serious efforts into it. Handicrafts are so popular nowadays, and consumers like to buy everything delicate. If it's made properly, a small broom can be sold for fifty yuan, and a big one may even reach one hundred yuan.’ <br /> <br /> 党桂梅飞快地算了一笔账，家里的十五亩地，过去种笤帚苗子，能卖出四五千块，要是自己用自家的原料绑笤帚，收入可要翻上七八倍呢！<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei had a quick calculation in her mind, ‘On our family's fifteen mu(about 2.5 acres) of land, we used to plant broomcorn millet and could earn four to five thousand yuan by selling these materials. If we tied the brooms with our own raw materials, our income would be seven to eight times higher!’<br /> <br /> ====Part 14t 付静 Fu Jing ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 邻居大嫂在村里遇到党桂梅，很奇怪地问她，桂梅你家电灯开关是不是不好使了，怎么晚上老也不闭灯啊？大嫂子不知道，这两口子又像当年上山挖药一般地干疯了，起早贪黑一个月，他俩拿下绑笤帚的技术，还开始了自己对自己的挑战，自己学着设计花样、设计造型。心情好，身体就好，党桂梅好像把有病在身的事情都给忘记了，每天忙的不亦乐乎。家里有了钱，儿子得到更好的治疗，身体和精神也一天天恢复向好，可以帮助父亲照看牲畜，帮助母亲干一些体力活了。党桂梅跟我说：“真的，是扶贫攻坚的好政策，让我们家登上了顺风的大船，跟上了时代的脚步。”<br /> 收获总是属于不辞辛苦的人。刘玉国和党桂梅成了远近闻名的绑扎能手。他们把自己的绑的笤帚拿到了市场上营销，其中有结实的扫地笤帚，有轻巧的扫炕笤帚，有很多种装饰用的观赏笤帚。根据市场的需求，他们不停地探索出新的花样笤帚，例如民俗中给婴儿放在枕边压惊的迷你小笤帚，放在汽车里除尘用的长把短头笤帚、老人喜欢的锤锤乐等等，结果喜欢的人越来越多，第一桶金就这样来了。党桂梅没事算了又算，如果就照这个路子做下去，不出二年，他们一家就会过上富富有余的好日子。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 14u 高燕 Gao Yan ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 如果在绝地翻身伊始，埋头自扫门前雪，一心一意把自己家的致富工程经营好，也是来无可厚非的。但是党桂梅和刘玉国心里，正琢磨着的是，哈拉哈达乡北方身村 ，有一百多户，一般一口人三亩地，基础很薄，卧床不起的，一家有两个残疾人的，因事致贫的，比自己贫困的还有不少人家。党的政策帮助了咱，咱好意思看着他们受穷吗。<br /> 为了能带动其它贫困户一起从事笤帚加工，两口子把自家的两间屋子收拾出来当扶贫车间，但手头只有几十块钱，不够用。聪明手巧的刘玉国就自己制图，自己动手焊接，用废弃的自行车改装出一套笤帚苗绑扎架子，接着边用边改进，制作出了集绑扎工具和案台于一体、同时容纳六人操作的绑扎工作设备，大大提高了工作效率。刘玉国和党桂梅当师傅，把绑笤帚的技术传授给了二十多位村民，让他们到车间学会技术，各自回家绑笤帚，然后后借助扶贫创业车间的市场渠道出售。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14v 关娜 Guan Na ====<br /> <br /> 我走进党桂梅家的场院和住房，远远就听到了妇女们快乐的说笑声。现在，乡里用扶贫资金，给他家修建了专门置放笤帚苗子的大仓库，又更新了扶贫车间的生产设备，村里的妇女和老人乡亲们，也有了用武之地，不用餐风露宿，不用单独经营，只要学了技术，就可以来他们家的扶贫车间挣到钱，过舒心日子。<br /> <br /> 党桂梅和刘玉国被评为脱贫攻坚内生动力示范户。2018年“三八节”，党桂梅在镇政府举办的“笤帚苗加工技能比赛”中荣获优秀奖，他们家彻底甩掉了贫苦户的帽子。2019年他们种植三十多亩笤帚糜子，带动十个贫困户一起脱贫。他们的精品笤帚，在市场上不停走红，已经卖到了北京、天津、石家庄，有一位著名的影视演员一次就购买了三百多条。<br /> <br /> 底气足了，党桂梅侃侃而谈。在采访结束的时候，党桂梅说咱们俩加微信吧，我看到，她给自己起了个网名，叫红星向党，很多人在微信上订购她的笤帚。<br /> 我起身告别，党桂梅拉着我的手，不让我走，非让我去看看她丫头的奖状。 <br /> <br /> ====Part 14w 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli ====<br /> <br /> 党桂梅告诉我，她去学校给丫头开家长会。老师说告诉她，你家刘慧怡学习好，又谦让，对于有缺点有困难的同学很热心。党桂梅说我心里明白，我们平日里对女儿的教育，如今显了效果——能站起来走路，没人会愿意爬着走。咱们困难过，穷过，要是没有人帮，能站起来吗？所以咱们到啥时候也不要看不起穷人，看不起弱者。你手心里有硬币，就不要攥着握着，要用手托着，递给这个世界。<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei told me that she went to the school to hold a parent meeting for her daughter. The teacher said she had been told that your daughter, Liu Huiyi, was a good student, modest and enthusiastic about her classmates who had shortcomings and difficulties. Dang Guimei said I understood in my heart that the education we had given our daughter in the past was now showing results - no one would want to crawl if they could stand up and walk. We have had difficulties, poor, if there is no one to help, can stand up? So let's not look down on the poor and the weak at all times. If you have a coin in your hand, don't hold it in your hand, but hold it in your hand and hand it to the world. On the way back, <br /> <br /> <br /> 回来的路上，党桂梅去了书店，买了一套四大名著，作为对女儿的奖励。<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei went to the bookstore and bought a set of the Four Great Classical Novels as a reward for her daughter.<br /> <br /> == Part 15 ==<br /> <br /> ====Part 15a 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 你的故事正年轻<br /> <br /> 我没有想到眼前这个人就是赵丽杰。赤峰市扶贫办和林西县扶贫的工作人员，纷纷给我讲赵丽杰的故事，没有谁对她的外在形象做过描述。<br /> <br /> <br /> 在我的想象中，一个开着拖拉机在田地里春种秋收的女人，一个赶着四百只羊早出晚归的女人，一个独自开车，每天进出几十家售送自己包的粘豆包的女人，应该属于身强力壮那一款——脸上布满烈日留下的赭红，手上有粘稠的汗渍和厚厚的老茧，笑起来前仰后合地动山摇，身上的衣服平平常常宽松肥大，用拿起一把铁锨的感觉，端起餐桌上的筷子。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 15b 胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 事实上，赵丽杰是个美丽的时尚女郎，以至于她就坐在我的身边，我还在想，不是说赵丽杰会来吗，怎么还没有到？我这样说毫不夸张，我身边的她，雪肤凝脂，脸上透出些许玫瑰的色泽，一双眼睛黑亮清澈，长发垂肩，身材有型，说话绵言细语，举手投足从容大方。我一向衣帽取女人，不是看价钱，而是看一个女人在把衣帽变成服饰的过程中体现出来的品味。浅牛仔色的棉布衬衫，外罩深一度的牛仔坎肩裙，坎肩裙的领口和裙摆处有一道浅金色的镶边，黑色的体型打底裤，脚踩一双暖色调的漆皮鞋，皮鞋装饰竟然和裙子上的镶边相映成趣……赵丽杰的打扮体现了她的自我了解，抬人儿，雅气，简洁，毫不刻意，又透出小小的心思，这种女性的聪慧让我看着非常舒服。服饰往往体现一个女性对生活和自己的全部理解。还没有深谈，我就喜欢上她了。<br /> <br /> <br /> 这是一个从故事里走来的女子。1987年出生，今年33岁，赵丽杰如此年轻的人生故事，使我想起一株柔嫩的柳树，多少次在风中雪中弯下腰，似乎就要折断，却能够慢慢地直起身，站起来，然后绿意盎然，茁壮成长。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 15c 夏盼 Xia Pan====<br /> <br /> 一<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰的父母都是林西县的农民。<br /> <br /> Zhao Lijie's parents are both farmers in Linxi County. <br /> <br /> 林西县的双兴村地处大兴安岭山脉南部的山沟里，干旱少雨，缺养人的河，缺水浇地，也缺致富的路。这里只适合种植耐旱的杂粮，杂粮低产，一年到头辛苦下来，只能收获几百斤。在他们第一个儿子不幸夭折之后，这对夫妻看到一家亲戚放弃了一个生下三天的女婴儿，抱起来看看，这孩子命大，还有呼吸，他们心软，便抱回家当了自己的女儿。为了给孩子个富裕的生活，这对夫妻决定远走他乡。大兴安岭北部东侧的鄂伦春自治旗小二沟乡成了他们落脚的地方。在这里，他们浑身的气力和农耕经验派上了用场。夫妻双双种地，使用机械化作业，一种一收就是上万斤；丈夫间或出去林业局打工，虽然把大圆木从山上运下来的工作十分艰苦，但是可以挣到优厚的工资，这是在远方的老家想都不敢想的事情。<br /> <br /> Shuangxing Village in Linxi County is located in a ravine in the southern part of the Daxing'anling Mountains, with drought climate and little rainfall, a lack of rivers to feed people, a lack of water to water land, and a lack of roads to get rich. Here is only suitable for planting drought-tolerant grains, The yield of grains is low. After hard working all year round, only a few hundred catties of grain can be harvested.After the tragic death of their first son, the couple saw a relative abandoned a three-day-old baby girl. They picked it up and looked at it. The child was lucky and breathing. They were soft-hearted, so they took her home and raised her as thier own daughter.In order to give their children a rich life, the couple decided to travel far away. Xiaoergou Township, Oroqen Autonomous Banner, on the eastern side of the northern part of the Greater Khingan Mountains has become their place of settlement. Here, their strength and farming experience come in handy. The couple both cultivated their land with mechanized operations, and they harvested tens of thousands of pounds of grain every year. The husband sometimes went out to work in the forestry bureau. Although the work of transporting the big logs from the mountains is very difficult, he can earn a good salary which is unbelievable in his far hometown.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15d 夏依颐 ====<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰出生了，健康又活泼，不久母亲又给她生了个弟弟，一家五口，过上了温饱安稳的生活。不知道为什么，在家里的三个孩子当中，父亲对二女儿丽杰分外严厉。九岁，父亲就带着她下地了，让她分辨什么是草，什么是苗；上了小学，父亲便要求她学做饭，学洗衣服，照顾弟弟；十三岁，父亲手把手地教她开小四轮拖拉机，她就这样学会了做庄稼活儿，每年家里春种秋收的时候，田里总是少不了她单薄矮小的身影。相对于赵丽杰，姐姐和弟弟得到的疼爱，要多很多。吃的穿的，都是尽着他们俩。父亲经常和丽杰说的是，一个人就是累死，也不能饿死，只要你认干，就没有过不下去的日子。要学会要靠自己的肩膀把家撑起来。而对待姐姐和弟弟，父亲从来不说这些，一味和风细雨，关怀备至。<br /> Zhao Lijie was born, healthy and lively, and soon her mother gave birth to a little brother. A family of five lived a stable life without worrying food and clothing. The father somehow was stricter with Lijie, the second daughter, than the rest. At the age of nine, she was even brought to work with her father in the fields and asked to distinguish plants, from grass to seedlings. Years later, she, as young as an elementary school student, was requested to learn to cook and do the laundry, and take care of her brother. As she turned thirteen, her father taught her to drive a small four-wheel tractor, and she learned to do farm work. Her tiny figure is always seen in the fields when the planting or harvest season arrives. She is the one who receives the very least parental love, as her siblings can always be the first to enjoy food or clothes. What she heard most from her father is that one can lose his life from exhaustion, but never from starvation and that as long as he works, he can sure to make a living and support his family with his own shoulders. Nevertheless, those words are never said to Lijie’s siblings for the father nourishes them so carefully with gentle breeze and mild drizzle.<br /> <br /> Zhao Lijie was born, healthy and lively, and soon her mother gave birth to a little brother. A family of five lived a stable life . But The father was stricter with Lijie than the rest. At the age of nine, she was even brought to work with her father in the fields and asked to distinguish grass between seedlings. Years later, she, as young as an elementary school student, was requested to learn to cook and do the laundry, and take care of her brother. As she turned thirteen, her father taught her to drive a small four-wheel tractor, in this way, she learned how to do farm work. It is common to see her small in the fields in the planting and harvest season arrives. She receives little parental love, as her siblings always be the first one to enjoy food and clothes. What she heard most from her father is that, one can lose his life from exhaustion, but never from starvation as long as he works. It is essential to learn to make a living and support his family on his own. Nevertheless, those words are never said to Lijie’s siblings because the father nourishes them with meticulous care.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15e 贺沛 He Pei ====<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰搞不懂父亲，也有几分赌气。看到姐姐退学在家里，赵丽杰说，我不想退学，我要接着读，不想当一个无知的人。为了不让外人议论父母，说他们偏向亲生的女儿，只供丽杰上学，不供姐姐了。小小年纪的丽杰，上了中学，她就开始自己供自己了。所有不上课的时间，她先到自家地里薅草，间苗，干杂活，不论是下雨还是刮风，哪怕被浇透冻透，都必须把急重的活儿干完。干完自己家的活儿，她就去别人家的地里打工，挣自己的书费，住宿费，伙食费。<br /> <br /> 十七八岁的时候，村里人都叫赵丽杰假小子。装着一百多斤粮食的袋子，别人帮着搭上了肩头，她背起来就走；一百多只羊的羊群，她鞭子一甩就赶到了草甸子；拖拉机和农机有点小毛病她也能鼓捣好。<br /> <br /> 2006年，父亲由于长年上山运送木头，经常在寒气中喝酒驱寒，得了一种莫名的疾病，浑身没劲，手发抖，于是只好回家侍弄牛羊养家。正月十五，他在给牛加料时，突然身子一歪，就倒在了地上，当赵丽杰听见声音，父亲已经永远地闭上了双眼。母亲带着弟弟到沈阳看病去了，姐姐回了她的生母家，家里只有赵丽杰一个人，那时赵丽杰还是个不满十九岁的小姑娘。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 15f 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei ====<br /> <br /> 天塌了！赵丽杰使劲摇父亲，父亲的胳膊突然变得很沉重，很僵硬；她喊着，爸呀，爸呀，父亲的眼睛好像微微一动，细看却再也不动了；她把脸贴在父亲的手心上，父亲的手心开始还是温热的，不一会就冰凉冰凉的了，最后，那个无数次抚摸过自己头顶、扶着自己干农活儿的手掌彻底僵直，无论小丽杰怎样拼命用自己的手去揉，去暖，仍然像寒风中的一块铁那般无情。<br /> <br /> 这一天是正月十五，浑圆的月亮把院子、草垛、羊圈、父亲的遗体照得惨白，天地间那个静啊，小丽杰啕嚎地哭喊着，没有一个人能听到她的声音，她觉得，整个世界都和父亲一起冻成冰了。小丽杰想把父亲从地上抱起来，可是怎么也抱不动，她突然清醒了——难道那个时刻真的到了？她慢慢抬起头，孤零零地站在月光下。爸呀，爸呀，你为什么跟我说要学会用肩膀把家撑起来，你难道早已知道一切都是命中注定？可是我并不知道该怎么办……爸呀，爸呀，你就这样把我丢在大冷天里头了，你就不能回回头，告诉我可怎么办啊……绝不能把这个噩耗告诉母亲。母亲远在沈阳，因为弟弟三天之后就要做一个大手术，如果告诉她，她垮了，弟弟谁来管。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 15g 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu ====<br /> <br /> 雪花从朝晖的缝隙中袭来，当父亲的遗体被装进朱红色的棺椁，安放在院子里，小丽杰的眼泪已经在夜晚里哭干了，她孤零零地跪在烧纸盆前。她烧完的纸钱灰一层层悬摞着，生命，生活，时间，记忆在这一刻变成了一场灰。却不知，一个火星突然探出来，纸钱死灰复燃，火舌飞快地燎着小丽杰的刘海，烤到了小丽杰的手，她愣愣地不知道痛，恍然中心里一惊，难道这是父亲重重的一句叮嘱？<br /> 按照北方丧葬的习俗，停灵三天出殡。小丽杰一个人，白天给来帮忙的乡亲做饭，晚上守着父亲的灵柩呆坐。<br /> <br /> 弟弟的手术并不成功，他和死去的哥哥生得是同一种病，这种病来自基因，中国只见过两例。被苦难压垮的母亲，整日泪水洗面，精神恍惚，家里的积蓄已经所剩无几，弟弟还需要做第二次手术。二十岁的赵丽杰，在地里偷偷流泪，回到家里，面对弟弟和母亲强作笑颜。只见弟弟一天天虚弱下去，他脸色青灰，无法直腰，肚子无时不在痉挛。每当赵丽杰收工，回家，第一眼就会撞上弟弟那乞怜的眼神，弟弟还小，对死亡并没有什么理解，但是他懂得不能离开母亲和姐姐。骨肉情深，赵丽杰拼死也要救弟弟，她出门借债，踏遍了所有亲朋好友的门槛，可是没有人相信，一个小姑娘有朝一日能够把他们的辛苦钱如数还回来。赵丽杰在人家的面前泪水连连，人家拿出个三头五百，说一句不用还了，算是安慰她。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 15h 肖娜 Xiao Na====<br /> <br /> 家里连个可以商量的人都没有了。到底还得动用命根子，赵丽杰卖了五垧地，拿到五万元，带着病重的弟弟和精神抑郁的母亲，来到京城协和医院。弟弟住院手术，所有的钱用在他身上还不够。赵丽杰和母亲住不起旅馆，就垫着纸壳子，睡在走廊的地上，吃干面包就矿泉水。母亲为了儿子，女儿为了弟弟和母亲，她们无比坚韧，拼上性命也在所不惜，知道她们处境的人，纷纷伸出援助之手，这个出两百，那个出六百。人在绝境，每一元钱都让他们感到天大的温暖。那些陌生的人，把钱放到母亲的纸壳上边，说声不用谢，就走了。纵使相逢应不识，但是他们的真情就像种子一样，深深地种进了赵丽杰的心田。她发誓，自己这辈子除非不翻身，只要有能力了，一定要帮助穷人，帮助弱者。<br /> There was no one to have a consultation in the house.After all,Zhao Lijie had to use her lifeblood that is five plots of land to get 50,000 yuan.Then,she took her diseased brother and depressed mother to come to Peking Union Medical College Hospital.It's not enough to spend all the money on her brother's hospitalization and surgery.Zhao with her mother couldn't afford to the expenses of hotel so they slept on the floor of corridor with paper and ate hard bread and drank mineral water.The mother for her son,and the daughter for her mother and brother,which they were greatly dauntless for each other and were even willing to risk their lives.People who knew their situation reach their hands to help them,such as someone gave them 200 yuan,someone gave them 600 yuan.one is in a extreme situation,every dollar makes him feel great warmth.Those strangers put their money in the mother's nearby and said you're welcome and left.Even though they didn't know each other,their true feelings were like seeds.which were deeply planted in Zhao's heart.And she vowed that as long as she has the ability,she must help the poor and the vulnerable people.<br /> <br /> 弟弟到底没有救活。父母基因太近，如果生男孩，就会造成胎儿畸形，最终不能保住。医生的诊断，让赵丽杰明白了父亲的深意。人类的科学认知距离中国贫穷的乡村虽然十分遥远，父亲对未来的某些预知，来自于他失去大儿子的生命之殇。 <br /> Finally.Zhao's brother couldn't be saved because her parents' genes were too close.If her parents gave birth to boys,they will cause fetal malformation and can't be saved in the end.The doctor's diagnosis made Zhao Lijie know her father's profound meaning.Although human scientific cognition are far away from the poor countryside in China,her father had some predictions about the future from the death of his eldest son.<br /> <br /> 母亲的病越发严重了，她已经不能像正常人一样生活了。<br /> The illness of Zhao's mother was getting worse and she couldn't live like a normal person.<br /> <br /> 即使肩上的担子再重，老赵家毕竟还有一个女儿。我要拼命挣钱，我要告慰父亲的在天之灵，这个家垮不了，你的女儿和你一样，是个宁可累死，也不能饿死的人！<br /> Even if the burden on my shoulders is heavy,Zhao's family still has a daughter.I will do my best to make money to comfort my father's soul in the heaven.The family can't collapse because your daughter,like you,is the sort of person who would rather die of exhaustion than starve to death!&quot;<br /> <br /> ====Part 15i 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun ====<br /> 二<br /> <br /> 2009年，赵丽杰靠着无比的自强之力，完成了在赤峰师专的学业。听说故乡的老中医可以用中药调理母亲的病，赵丽杰打点了行装，处理了家里仅存的田地，带着母亲回到了赤峰市林西县。老中医是母亲的四叔，她们娘俩便住在了林西县城四叔的家里。母亲的病有了一点点好转，赵丽杰开始创业养家。在上学期间她发现了校园附近的学生餐难吃，又贵，同学们都渴望物美价廉的学生餐，做这一行应该是可以双赢的。一毕业，她来不及考虑其它的入职考试，即刻租了门市，开了一家学生快餐店。做饭可是她的长项，她的学生餐色味香俱全，店里干净得一尘不染，价钱又适合学生，开业一个星期，她的小店开始爆红。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15j 黄安安 Huang Anan ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 就在这时候，那个命中注定的男人出现了，他叫董蒙，林西县新城子镇双兴村人，此时正在新疆武警部队服役。他到四叔的诊所取药，让在一旁照顾母亲的赵丽杰眼前一亮。后来赵丽杰跟我说起这个情景时，用了一个小青年的口头禅——“好帅啊！”。别人说，这是咱们村谁谁家的儿子，比你大三岁，叫大哥，他们就这么相逢一笑， 算是认识了。当正值青春萌动的年龄，彼此的化学反应应该是有的，但是赵丽杰就此打住不敢深想，因为自己的肩头扛着一个还没有走出苦难的家。直到赵丽杰慢慢发现，这个年轻军人虽然话不多，但是很有礼貌，总是和颜悦色，看到诊所里病人，他便让出座位，让人家先就诊，是个善良厚道之人。后来，两个年轻人加了QQ，说是普通朋友，话可是越说越多。 。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15k 李鸿 Li Hong ====<br /> <br /> 董蒙在第二年复员了，他经常去赵丽杰的小店帮忙。赵丽杰深深爱上了为人端正，头脑聪明，能吃苦的董蒙，她觉得自己的眼光没错，董蒙正是自己要寻找的那个人。<br /> Dong Meng was demobilized the following year, and he often went to Zhao Lijie’s shop to help her. Zhao Lijie was deeply attached to Dong Meng, who was decent, smart, and could withstand hardship. She thought she was right about the guy that he was the very man she’s been looking for.<br /> <br /> 可是董蒙的父母还是带着一些古老的蒙昧，他们向儿子提出了质疑，这个姑娘家里穷不说，命还贼拉硬，自己身体那么结实，家人却死了三个人，就剩下一个病歪歪的老妈，咱不能要。<br /> However, Dong Meng’s parents still brought some ancient obscurity with them. They questioned their son, “The girl not only got a poor family, and her life was still tougher. Three people died in her family, only her ailing mother left, but she didn’t seem to be affected at all. We can’t let that kind of woman be part of our family.”<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰跟董蒙说，穷，我不怕，亲人暂时不支持，我也不怕，只要我们努力，一切都会改变，我只要你对我妈妈好。<br /> Zhao Lijie said to Dong Meng, “I am not afraid of poverty or family’s temporarily disagreement; I believed that as long as we work hard, everything will change at last. All I want is you be nice to my mother.”<br /> <br /> 董蒙说，那还用说嘛，那不也是我的亲人吗 。<br /> Dong Meng replied, “You bet I will! She’s also one of my families.”<br /> <br /> 董蒙常常坐在岳母身边，像哄孩子一样和她聊天，一有空就帮她料理生活，病中的母亲得到了一丝安慰。谁家的女儿不是母亲手中的珍宝，可丽杰这孩子，从小就只有疼爱别人的份儿，有谁呵护过她，照顾过她？眼见得自己的女儿有了知疼知热的女婿，不久又有了一个可爱的外孙子，母亲的脸上出现了舒心的笑容，渐渐地摆脱了病魔，后来一直把赵丽杰的儿子带大。<br /> Dong Meng often sat next to her mother-in-law and chatted with her as if he was coaxing his children. The moment he was free, he went to take care of her, which made the ill mother got a glimmer of comfort. Every daughter is the apple of her mother’s eye. But since Zhao Lijie was little, she was always being the one who look after others; no one had ever put a protective arm around her. Now that Zhao Lijie had a caring and considerate husband and a lovely son before long, the mother was relieved with smile. She gradually recovered from the disease, and later brought up Zhao Lijie’s son.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15l 谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou ====<br /> <br /> 董蒙在部队时获得了医疗专业的证书，赵丽杰也可以在城里找个安稳的工作。但是，赵丽杰往双兴村老家走了几趟，到山坡上，庄稼地里，林甸子转了个遍，萌生了回农村创业的想法。董蒙说，你上哪，我到哪。<br /> Dong Meng obtained a medical professional certificate when he was in the army, and Zhao Lijie could also find a secure job in the city. However, Zhao Lijie made several trips to his home in Shuangxing Village, went to the hillside, crop fields, and forested meadows, then developed the idea of returning to the countryside to start a business. Dong Meng said, &quot; I will follow you wherever you go.&quot;<br /> <br /> 你见过河水倒流的吗？你见过杏树在冬天开花的吗？全村全乡全县，年轻人哪个不往高处走，你能给找出第二个像你们这样的傻狍子吗？公公这辈子在农村过苦日子是怕了，一看这两个人真的回到了农村，气得火冒三丈，每天指桑骂槐，他觉得自己的儿子亏大了，都叫儿媳妇带偏了。<br /> &quot;Have you ever seen a river flowing backwards? Have you ever seen an apricot tree blooming in winter? The whole village, the whole township, the whole county, every young people wants to strive for the better life in the city, can you find another idiot like you here?&quot; The father-in-law was afraid of living a hard life in the countryside, and when he saw his son and daughter-in-law had really returned to the countryside, he was such furious that scolded them every day, feeling that his son had lost a lot of money and had been led astray by his daughter-in-law.<br /> <br /> 有道是不是一家人不进一家门，完美的爱情就是心心相印。赵丽杰说，双兴村为啥能有这么多撂荒的土地？董蒙告诉她，一来雨水少，杂粮产量太低，种地没赚头，二来种地靠锄头铁锨，脸朝黄土背朝天，现在的人不愿意付这个辛苦，能干活儿的人都到城里打工去了，这土地就变成了有主儿没人种的撂荒地了。<br /> There is a saying goes that, birds of the same kind live together and the perfect love means the heart to heart. Zhao Lijie said, why there are so much idle land in the Shuangxing Village? Dong Meng told her, because of less rainfall, grain yield is too low, there is no profit in farming.Further more, farming depends on the hoe and shovel, people have to work hard in the field, now they are not willing to bear the hard work, people perfer to find a job in the city. In consequence, these land became unused anymore.<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰说再荒芜两三年，这里就彻底成了草甸子了。<br /> Zhao Lijie said that after another two or three years of desolation, this place would become a complete meadow.<br /> <br /> 董蒙说，我知道，你是想把小二沟的机械化复制到双兴村的撂荒地上。<br /> Dong Meng said, &quot;I know that you want to replicate the mechanization of the Xiaoer ditch to the village of Shuangxing on the idle land. &quot;<br /> <br /> ====Part 15m 李佳珺 Li Jiajun ====<br /> <br /> 夫妻俩开始研究林西的气候——每年降雨量不足300毫米，无霜期只有110天左右。林西为什么有种杂粮的传统，是和雨水少有关，短时间强烈日照，四十天不下雨，荞麦、莜麦、黄米 、芸豆、黑豆、绿豆都可以在这种情况下生长。这些作物都不会长的很高，但是种籽饱满，营养丰富。<br /> <br /> 那两年，他们是真困难，丽杰怀孕时，就想吃个鸡腿，几次话到嘴边，又咽回去，她知道，她如果说了，丈夫即使捉襟见肘，也会去给她买回来。所以她不能说，她舍不得花钱。但是，她把全部的嫁妆钱都一次性全花光了，开回来一台小型拖拉机。<br /> <br /> 败家子，好好的日子非让你们折腾毁了不可。在山沟沟里窝了几辈子的老人，胆子小，脾气爆，除了亲眼见汗珠子啪嗒啪嗒掉在泥土里，其它一律不相信。赵丽杰多少次气得眼泪在眼眶里打转，董蒙就把手伸过来了，每一次，赵丽杰都是在丈夫温情的怀抱里，忍住了眼泪。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15n 李可依 Li Keyi ====<br /> <br /> 双兴村那时的贫困景象，在当下中国的农村里是看不到了。夏天的土地，是半黄半绿的，没有作物，只有荒草，通向县城的是一条砂石自然路，手机没有信号，出门靠骑自行车，家家户户住着陈旧破烂的房子，从东边走到西边，连牛羊的叫声都很难听到，年轻人都潇洒地冲向了城市，只有老人和病人，在各家的昏暗的土房里发出沉重的叹息，进了村像是走进了尘封的历史记忆。<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰挨家挨户上门询问：“大爷大娘，你家的地今年种不种？”<br /> <br /> “不种正好，不赔不赚，种了，秋后还不够雇工的钱呢。”<br /> <br /> “那大爷大娘，我种一年好不好。”<br /> <br /> “那感情好，要不然就成了放羊的甸子了。”<br /> <br /> “那大爷大娘，到秋我要收了，每亩地按照收成，给你们交租金。”<br /> <br /> “不用，不用，就算替俺们翻地铲地了。”<br /> <br /> ====Part 15o 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao ====<br /> <br /> 三百亩地，很快就流转过来了。可能是因为荒僻的小山村里，终于有了一点风吹草动，有了一丝活气儿，村民便有了十二分的兴奋，早早地站在地头等着，就像等着看一场戏。早上三点，天刚蒙蒙亮，赵丽杰戴着头灯，开始在田间作业，饿了吃点凉馒头，累了，靠在座驾上打个盹儿。村里人看看就散了，他们不相信这细皮嫩肉的小媳妇能成事儿，<br /> Three hundred acres of land was transferred quickly. It may be that in the remote small village, there has finally something happened, and with a bit of vitality, the villagers were very excited. They stood on the ground and wait early, as if waiting to see a play. At three o'clock in the morning, just before dawn, Zhao Lijie wore a headlight and began to work in the field. When she was hungry, she ate some cold steamed buns. When she was tired, she leaned against the car to take a nap. The villagers scattered when they had seen it. They didn't believe that the tender little girl could succeed.<br /> 雨搅雪，烈日干风，风雨交加，大兴安岭脚下的春季几天就变一场戏法，似乎故意折磨这个不服输的小媳妇。赵丽杰咬紧牙关拼命干，人长在了机器上，自己也成了钢铁，赵丽杰头顶上的遮阳帽，变成了灰白色，轻轻拿手一捅就会出现个口子，到底把种籽如期播下，到底看见了秧苗一天天破土发芽，拔节吐穗。站在丈夫的身边，三百亩绿油油的好庄稼在风中如波涛起伏，赵丽杰忘记了所经历的一切，甜甜的蜜，在心里荡漾。<br /> The rain stirred the snow, the hot sun dried the wind, and the wind and rain are mixed. In the spring at the foot of the Great Khingan Mountains, a trick is performed, which seemed to deliberately torture the girl who refused to admit defeat. Zhao Lijie clenched his teeth and worked hard. She seemed to have grown on the machine and became a steel. The sun visor on Zhao Lijie's head turned gray white. With a gentle poke, a hole would appear. After all, she sowed the seeds as scheduled, and saw the seedlings sprout day by day, pulling out knots and sprouting. Standing beside her husband, three hundred acres of good green crops fluctuated like waves in the wind. Zhao Lijie forgot everything she had experienced. Sweet honey rippled in her heart.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15p 李心田 Li Xintian ====<br /> <br /> 按照夫妻俩的计划，如果丰收，明年要置办一些大型的农机设备，流转更多的土地，扩大生产规模。实施这个计划的前提就是手里有钱，有了钱，事业就有了基础。于是赵丽杰在种地的闲暇中，买了一百个怀孕的母羊，繁殖了一百个羊羔，接着继续繁殖，到了年底，她已经有了将近四百只的羊群。这时，董蒙是分不出身来帮助她了，他从村委会会计做起，接着当了村党支部副书记，现在是村里的党支部书记兼村主任。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15q 李彦 Li Yan ====<br /> <br /> 作为一个生于草原的写作者，我熟悉放牧生活，曾多次见过牧羊人出牧，转场，接羔。可实在想象不出来，长发飘飘的赵丽杰赶着羊群在山地里穿行的景象。她只平平淡淡说了句——这头发，放羊的时候我也没舍得剪短，我这厢眼泪就涌出了来，我心疼一个女人本该坐在柔软的沙发里，端一杯咖啡，捧一本诗集，或者推着婴儿车在阳光里哼摇篮曲的年龄，我更心疼她那份于孤独畏葸中的孜孜矻矻。这样一个二十多岁的小媳妇，孤零零地赶着近四百只羊的羊群寻觅水草，那绝不是什么浪漫的事儿——脚下是深深浅浅的草窠，身后是黑黑的树林，山根、林间到处都是坟墓，一个小松鼠从脚边跳起来都能把人吓个半死，况且，赵丽杰放牧必须贪黑起早，早两三点出去，八点多回来，下午三四点钟再出去。羊怕热，人却什么也不能怕，她把羊赶进圈，忙着吃口饭，就要去地里干活儿，干完活再接着放羊。困极了，看着羊群老实吃草，就往有草的地方一铺雨衣，抓紧打个盹，一觉醒来，发现自己的身上爬满了红蚂蚁。有一天风大，一个装着五根玉米的桶被风刮得老高，又落到她的身上…… <br /> <br /> ====Part 15r 李梓玉 Li Ziyu ====<br /> <br /> 秋收天到了，赵丽杰家的场院装满了大丰收的粮食，听到传说的乡亲们悄悄走进门来，挨排数粮食袋子，数完了，奔走相告——是真的，十万斤还要多出几千斤！反对的声音不见了，乡亲们来找赵丽杰说，明年还想把土地流转给你种。 <br /> <br /> 经过两年的努力，赵丽杰积累了一些因地制宜的管理经验，她接着流转了将近六百亩土地，购置了两台大马力拖拉机，一台大型收割机和九台小型农机，通过对土地的集中和规模化经营，延伸了养殖、种植产业链，实行了连片耕种，因而农作物的产量大幅度提高，2014年正式注册了自己的家庭农场。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15s 余海铭 Yu Haiming====<br /> <br /> 正当赵丽杰的创业蓝图，在自己的故乡的土地上徐徐铺开的时候，全国上下脱贫攻坚战的号角已经吹响，精准扶贫不断深入，这可真是好雨知时节，当春乃发生！精准扶贫需要优秀项目，产业项目需要有更多的村民参与。2017年赵丽杰顺应时代大趋势，牵头成立了荣盛达种植农民专业合作社，继续扩大杂粮产业化规模，购买各种大马力农机具达到三十八台，为了让百姓获得实实在在的收益，合作社采取分三种模式进行土地流转，对被弃耕的土地， 以高于市场价格租用，使土地得到有效利用，让村民得到租金费；对有一些劳动能力的老人，对他们的土地采取委托式经营，合作社为他们耕种，防虫，除害，收割，并减免百分之二十的费用，他们只负责田间管理和晾晒原粮，合作社最后还以每斤高于市场的价格回收原粮；针对有劳动能力无资金的村民，吸收他们以土地入股的形式加入合作社，并在合作社务工，使其得到入股分红和劳务工资的双重收入。现下，合作社流转托管土地达二万三千亩，每年增产七十余万斤，直接效益上百万，辐射带动周边三千五百余户百姓脱贫致富，人均收入增收三千余元，为当地村民确保“两不愁，三保障”贡献了力量。<br /> Just as Zhao Lijie's blueprint for starting a business was being slowly rolled out on the land of his hometown, the Horn of the national poverty alleviation war had been sounded, and the precision of poverty alleviation had been continuously deepened. Good rain knows its time right, it will fall when comes spring. Targeted poverty reduction needs excellent projects, and industrial projects need more villagers to participate. In 2017, following the trend of the times, Zhao Lijie led the establishment of Rongshengda Farmer's Professional Cooperative, continued to expand the scale of grain industrialization, and purchased 38 high-power agricultural machines and tools. In order to enable the people to obtain real benefits, the cooperative adopted three modes of land transfer. For abandoned land, the cooperative rented it at a price higher than the market price, so that the land can be effectively used and the villagers can get rent; For the elderly who have the ability to work, their land will be managed by entrustment. The cooperatives will farm, prevent insects, kill pests and harvest for them, and reduce the cost by 20%. They are only responsible for field management and drying the raw grain. The cooperatives will finally recover the raw grain at a price higher than the market price;For the villagers who have the ability to work but do not have funds, they should be recruited to join the cooperatives in the form of land shares and work in the cooperatives, so that they can get the dual income of share dividends and labor wages. At present, the cooperative has transferred 230 hector of entrusted land, increasing the output by more than 700000 catty every year, with a direct benefit of over one million. It has driven more than 3500 households around to shake off poverty and become rich, with an increase in per capita income of more than 3000 yuan, contributing to the local villagers' &quot;two worries, three guarantees&quot;.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15t 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 赵丽杰曾经长时间研究过自己种的荞麦。荞麦是当下农村很少可以自己留种籽的作物之一，在北纬四十三度的低温和强烈日照中，荞麦顽强而简单地生长，由于无霜期太短，她进化成了一种特殊的样子，细细的茎秆，繁花一般的籽粒，宁肯全身干枯，把所有的能量都集中在种籽上，为的是留下绵延不尽的种群。看到地里的荞麦，赵丽杰总是想起一些人来，这些人当年把一百、二百元、六百元轻轻地放在她和母亲坐卧的纸壳上，悄然地离开，就像在土地里撒下一颗美好的种籽，让赵丽杰永生不忘，她已经不知道多少次默念过当初的誓言——这辈子，除非不翻身，只要有能力了，一定要帮助穷人，帮助弱者。现在，这些种籽已经成熟，赵丽杰要把这种籽播撒到力所能及的每一寸土地里。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15u 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====<br /> <br /> <br /> 苏万军一家，本是双兴村的殷实户。苏万军原本身强力壮，常年在外打工，有固定不菲的收入，谁知在2011年春节期间，因为放鞭炮出了意外，一只眼睛被炸空，经多方抢救，保住了性命，却再也不能出去打工了。由于治疗中拉下饥荒，只靠妻子一人干杂活挣钱，日子过得雪上加霜，一天不如一天。苏万军的情绪因此非常糟糕，常常喝闷酒，发脾气。<br /> Su Wanjun’s family was rich in Shuangxing village. He was brawny and has worked outside his village for a long time, with stable and great salary. However, during the Spring Festival in 2011, one of his eyes was blown off due to the crackling firecrackers. With the help of people in different sectors, he didn’t pass away, but he was unable to work any more. He was hit by famine in treatment and his wife juggled many unimportant jobs to make money, adding to a further complication. Thus Su felt terrible, often drinking alone and flying off the handle.<br /> 赵丽杰出现在他们家，还没有讲话，苏万军就开怼了，我知道你干啥来了，你家过的好，到我这臭显，走走走，我不给你打工。<br /> When Zhao Lijie was at his home without saying a word, Su started getting mad, “I know why you are here. You enjoy a better life, so you want to show off. Just go away, and I will never work for you.”<br /> 赵丽杰理解他的心态，多少年村里人就是如此，宁可在外面弯到折腰，也不肯在乡人跟前垂一下眼皮。<br /> Zhao understood his thoughts. Villagers have been acting like that for decades. They would rather toil away out of the village than show weakness in front of their folks. <br /> 一次不行，赵丽杰又去了第二次，这一次她这样说:“二大爷，我来求你们帮忙来了，我们家没有你们帮忙，可就要关板了。你就给我灶膛里添添柴火，干点杂活，一天一百元，算是给我救急”看苏万军没有动气，她慢慢地讲起了自家的故事——谁愿意摊上事儿呢，想当年我爸活着，我们家也是村里过的好的，后来变成了最穷的，那比你家可难过多了，现在这不也是挺过来了……<br /> Having failed to persuade Su, Zhao went to his home for the second time. This time, she said, “My dear uncle, I’m here to seek for help. Without your help, we’ll go bankrupt. You can feed the fire with wood and do chores with 100 yuan per day. They are for an emergency.” Finding that Su saying nothing, she told a story of her family—Who wants to suffer? When my father was alive many years ago, we lived a good life in this village. After that, we became the poorest family, which was poorer than your family. But look at us, we just tide it over...<br /> <br /> ====Part 15v 刘丛领 Liu Congling ====<br /> <br /> 苏万军终于想明白了，于是夫妻俩到合作社干活儿， 一个月挣六千元，一年就还清了外债，天天乐呵呵的。他们家现在已经脱贫，还给儿子在林西镇首付了楼房。 <br /> <br /> 张汉文家的情况更是令人愁眉不展， 妻子是多年的精神病患者，久治不愈，受到一点刺激立刻会做出激烈反应，跳过三次井，动辄不遮不掩地跑到街上，全家人被她弄得疲惫不堪 ，导致张汉文脑出血后遗症。正是屋漏偏逢连阴雨，一个儿子在下井背煤时被塌方夺走性命，另一个儿子得上了脑炎，一直没能结婚生子，他们家是全村最贫困的建档立卡户。赵丽杰回村以后，无意中知道了他们家的情况，从此他们一家人的衣服鞋帽全由赵丽杰来买，每当赵丽杰看到他家四十多岁的儿子，给疯妈妈做饭，换衣服，洗尿湿的裤子，就会想起自己家过去的生活，心里总是有一种撕肝裂肺的痛。现在有了合作社，赵丽杰就反复琢磨，怎么才能帮他们彻底改变生活的悲囧，让它们和全村人一起过上好日子呢？后来，合作社每年为他们提供种子，提供免费耕地、播种，防虫害，收割，最后用高于市场价回收他们家的原粮。还给他们提供资金，买了五只羊，在家里饲养，2017年到现在，他们家已经发展到了六十多只，去年卖小羊羔，就收入了五万块，终于实现了脱贫。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15w 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei====<br /> <br /> 贫困户崔玉大爷，因病花光家里积蓄，目前病情稳定能干点轻松的工作了，可是没有启动资金，他天天愁，赵丽杰找到他，帮他申请贷款，买了二十只羊，告诉他，家里的地托管給合作社以后，为他种草种料，只要用心经营，两年后一定脱贫，现在崔大爷家已经五十多只羊，还清了贷款，日子越过越有劲。<br /> Cui Yu, a low income family member, spent all his savings because of illness. He was then in a stable condition and can do some easy work, but he had no start-up capital. He worried every day. Zhao Lijie found him and helped him apply for a loan and bought 20 sheep for him. He told him that after his land was entrusted to the cooperative, he would plant grass and seeds for him. As long as he worked hard, he would get rid of poverty in two years. Then Uncle Cui's family had more than 50 sheep and paid off the loan, days were getting better and better.<br /> <br /> 贫困户高福生一家，因为儿子婚事，导致生活困难，赵丽杰说，我借给你钱，你发展家庭养殖，他们老两口犹豫不决，赵丽杰说，如果失败，我不要你们还钱，我现在就给你们写保证书…… 现在高福生的家庭养殖发展起来了，不仅还清了债务，手里都存着好几万了……<br /> Gao Fusheng, a poverty-stricken family, had a struggle life because of his son's marriage. Zhao Lijie said, &quot;I can lend you some money and you can develop farming. &quot;The old couple hesitated about that.Zhao Lijie said, &quot;If you fail, I don't need you to pay back the money. I will write a guarantee for you now... &quot;Now Gao Fusheng's family farming industry has developed very well. Not only had he paid off his debts, but he had tens of thousands in his hands... <br /> <br /> 贫困户王银，也和高福生一样，有病在身，又畏葸不前，赵丽杰也是主动借钱给他一万元，承诺赔了不要他还，又帮他申请了五万贷款，让他买了五头牛，又托管了他家的地，现王银家已经是有三十多头牛的富户了。<br /> Wang Yin, a poverty-stricken family, was also like Gao Fusheng, he was ill and afraided to move forward. Zhao Lijie also offered to lend him 10000 yuan, made the same promise to him, and applied for a loan of 50000 yuan for him. He asked him to buy five cows and trusted his family's land. Wang Yinjia became a rich family with more than 30 cows then. <br /> <br /> 现在，双兴村有十户养羊专业户，五户养牛专业户，小康人家越来越多，赵丽杰用实打实地帮助他们，赢得了乡亲们的信任。<br /> After that, Shuangxing Village had ten sheep raising families and five cattle raising families. More and more well-off people lived in Shuangxing Village. Zhao Lijie helpd them practically and won the trust of villagers. <br /> <br /> 2017年，赵丽杰在党旗下，庄严地举起左手宣誓，成为一名光荣的共产党员。<br /> In 2017, Zhao Lijie solemnly raised her left hand to swear under the Party flag and became a glorious Communist Party member. <br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 15x 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu ====<br /> <br /> 对于一个共产党员来说，人民群众的利益高于一切，必须全心全意为人民服务。赵丽杰想，过去艰苦创业，是为了实现父亲的叮嘱，用自己的力量撑起这个家，现在，自己的面前已经不是一个小小的家了，自己的肩头有了更重的担子。她理解脱贫攻坚这个伟大工程，两不愁三保障是基础，也是一个必经的阶段，最终必须让我们的乡村搭乘时代的列车，和人类文明的进程同步，那样才不会落后受穷。<br /> 2016年，赵丽杰到赤峰市参加了市妇联办的电商致富学习班。那时候大多数的农村妇女，会使用网络，对于电商，听起来感觉有点云山雾罩。大家觉得反正也整不明白，好不容易来了趟赤峰，都去做走亲会友、买东西、上医院之类的事情去了。坚持听课的人太少了，有一次，课堂里只剩了赵丽杰一个人，她哪里都没有去，是唯一坚持听完所有课程的学员。结业时，老师给她留下一个作业——回去用电商的方法带动一个贫困户，她把作业当成一件重要任务装在脑袋里，回到了村里。 <br /> <br /> ====Part 15y 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting ====<br /> 习近平总书记说，绿水青山就是金山银山。双兴的金山银山在哪里？原生态的土地上出产的原生态杂粮，不正是现代人餐桌上求之不得的食物吗？可是具体项目落实到哪里呢？从赤峰回来后，赵丽杰整天冥思苦想，儿子说，妈妈呀，叫你好几声，你都不答应，魔症了？<br /> 要过年了，按照当地习俗，家家蒸过年干粮，主打就是黄米面粘豆包。林西这一带的粘豆包，面是当地产的大黄米用石磨磨的，馅是当地产的大芸豆，调料是当地甜菜疙瘩熬出的绵白糖，这些食材作物 ，用的是当地一年接一年留下的种籽，从里到外都是原生态。年豆包出锅了，咬一口，香甜软糯，淳味绵绵。赵丽杰多年来帮助困难村民，在村里人缘好，乡亲们蒸了粘豆包，这家送一筐，那家送一篓，春节没到，赵丽杰家的仓房里就装了半下子粘豆包。<br /> 赵丽杰的灵感来了。她把每家的豆包尝了个遍，发了一个朋友圈，晒了一下林西双兴村的粘豆包，然后开车去找崔广芝大妈。<br /> 崔大妈干净利索，心灵手巧，用农村人的话说，就是过日子人儿。见了崔大妈，还没等开口，她坐下先看了一眼手机，朋友圈里已经聚集了一大堆赞，还有一连串的询问，看来粘豆包应该有市场。<br /> 崔大妈有些犹豫，赵丽杰说一切用料我来提供，你包，我卖，如果做不好，有损失，我全部承担。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 15z 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin ====<br /> 在县中蒙医院杨立军、赵洪军两位帮扶干部的帮助之下，粘豆包上线问题顺利解决。 <br /> 每天天不亮，赵丽杰就开车从林西县城赶往双兴崔大妈家，忙前忙后帮着蒸豆包、撒年糕，豆包和年糕出锅，晾凉，她还要按照订单分装妥当。忙一个上午，赵丽杰下午驱车赶回林西县城，以确保在天黑前把新鲜的豆包、年糕送到客户家。一个订单往往只有一二斤，有的客户家住六、七楼，为了节省时间，她都是一路小跑着送货。开门的大爷大娘看到气喘吁吁的她，都不免心疼地说，这孩子，不急，看累得……有时订货单多了，差不多要送到晚上七八点钟。多一份订单，赵丽杰就要在凛冽的寒风中，多穿梭一次，她的手上起了冻疮，脸被风吹得起了皴裂，董蒙心疼，假作玩笑说：“哎呀呀媳妇，你这几天怎么长丑了？”赵丽杰搞不懂，就去照镜子，董蒙继续调侃——媳妇，你不感觉粘豆包长到你脸上来了吗？董蒙止住笑，劝赵丽杰：“你已经够忙了，可别再给自己加码了，这种零打碎敲能挣几个钱？”赵丽杰挥动着小拳头说：“怎么，你胆敢不支持我？万事头三脚难踢，闯出去以后想想，一定感到很值得。”董蒙又一笑：“我是要用实际行动支持你，我把那些没做好的，歪歪扭扭的，糊巴乱啃的粘豆包通通买断行不行？”……幸福家庭的每一个细节都是甜蜜的。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 15a1 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen ====<br /> 赵丽杰分析，喜欢吃粘豆包的老人们，爱的是对童年的记忆，喜欢吃粘豆包的年轻人，追求的是那份天然的醇香，所以，自己卖的粘豆包，其食材，制作方式必须保持住原汁原味。那么精确的原汁原味在哪里？在送货的过程中，遇上一位上了年纪的大妈，她非常喜欢吃粘豆包，赵丽杰多次爬六楼把粘豆包送到她家。她尝了尝，立马来了电话，说你这粘豆包不对劲，太酸了。赵丽杰第二天重新蒸了一锅，送到她家，她尝尝，又来了电话，说太甜了。原来这位大妈，当年是农村的巧媳妇，她这一辈子，就是做乡土饭过来的，吃乡土饭，她嘴刁得很。赵丽杰虚心听她的建议，反反复复为她更换了六次粘豆包，每一次，都会调整发面的时间，调整豆馅的干湿度、甜度，调整上火蒸制的时间，可她一直没有给满分。有人劝赵丽杰，就别卖给她算了，客户都夸咱们的粘豆包那叫东北一绝，要多好吃有多好吃，就她老人家格色。赵丽杰说那不行，既然要创出品牌，就要本着食不厌精、脍不厌细的原则，一分一毫都要做到极致。赵丽杰第七次爬六楼，给大妈送货上门，让大妈品尝提意见，终于见到大妈激动地说：“嗯，这才是正宗的铁锅粘豆包，当年我的老母亲蒸的就是这个味儿 ！”赵丽杰老高兴了，感觉自己得到了一个马拉松大奖杯。从此，这位大妈成为双兴粘豆包最忠实的粉丝, 赵丽杰也在每一次和大妈的交流中，学到了不少乡土美食的做法，总结出了蒸粘豆包的窍门和经验。客户说，吃别的什么，时间长了就会厌烦，吃你们的粘豆包怎么觉得越来越好吃呢？他们不知道，看似平常的小小粘豆包，蕴含着赵丽杰多少心劲儿，经过她过多少次一丝不苟的试验。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part b1张玉燕 Zhang Yuyan====<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰扩大车间，吸收村里有经验的大妈大婶姐姐嫂子到车间来劳动，线上线下一起销售，整个冬天，卖出去两千多斤粘豆包和年糕，崔大妈一个月纯收入就达6000多元，可把她高兴坏了。经过两年的积累，赵丽杰的“粘豆包”事业迎上一个新的小高潮！为了拓宽销路，走一条传统与现代相结合的生产方式，她特意购入了真空包装机，推出真空包装、精包装、礼盒装三种产品，以满足不同客户需求。2018年共计销售粘豆包、年糕和各种杂粮十几万斤，纯收入达二十余万元，带动六个贫困妇女脱贫，同时给十二名周边村妇女提供了劳动岗位。2019年一入冬，各地的新老客户就在线上订货，数量大幅度提高，光是全国各地的销售代理就猛增到了二十一名，产品可谓供不应求。<br /> <br /> Zhao Lijie expanded the workshop, recruited experienced women from the village, and sold sticky bean buns and rice cakes online and offline. Throughout the winter, over 1 ton of them had been sold. As one of the workers, Aunt Cui's monthly net income reached over 6000 yuan, which made her very happy.<br /> Having two years’ experience, Zhao Lijie's &quot;sticky bean buns&quot; business had ushered in a new climax! To broaden the market, and take a production mode combining tradition and modernization, she specially bought a vacuum packaging machine, and launched products that were vacuum-packaged, precision-packaged and gift-boxed. By doing so, the needs of different customers could be met.In 2018, with the sales of over fifty tons of sticky bean buns, rice cakes and coarse cereals, and a net income of more than 0.2 million yuan, six poverty-stricken women were lifted out of poverty, and 12 women in surrounding villages were provided with jobs. In the early winter of 2019, new and established customers from all over the country placed orders online, and the sales increased substantially. The number of sales agents also jumped to 21, but the supply of products could not meet the demand.<br /> <br /> <br /> 作为赤峰市“三八红旗手” 、赤峰市“巾帼扶贫先进个人”、 “全国巾帼建功标兵” 、赤峰市劳动模范，作为一个合作社的理事长，她把思考的课题提升到了新的层面，那就是如何把新兴科技手段和新型农业知识运用到合作社未来的发展中去。在进行了专家咨询、市场可行性研究调查之后，赵丽杰决定引进食用菌种植，同时利用废弃菌棒，加工优质有机肥料，反哺有机杂粮，用循环的产业链生发循环的经济利益，这正是未来农业发展的大趋势。现在赵丽杰的荣盛达农业生产合作社，已扩展设施农业大棚27个，成功种植平菇、滑子菇，2019年又增添种植了火龙果、甜瓜种植等项目。建设起四百平米的新型厂房，一百六十平米的现代化冷库 ，将以前只能在冬季生产的产品，进行储藏、配货运输，实现长期化生产，不仅让全国客户一年四季都能吃到双兴的杂粮美食，还为周边女性提供160人就业岗位。<br /> <br /> As “March-Eighth Red-Banner Pacesetter” and &quot;Female Advanced Poverty Alleviation Individual&quot; of Chifeng City, &quot;National Women's Meritorious Pacesetter&quot;, a labor worker of Chifeng City,and president of a cooperative, Zhao Lijie raised her thinking to a new level-how to apply emerging scientific and technological skills and new agricultural knowledge to the future development of her cooperative.After expert consultation and market feasibility study, Zhao Lijie decided to introduce edible fungi for planting. At the same time, she made use of waste bacteria stick to process high-quality organic fertilizers and refeed organic cereals, which used circular industrial chain to generate circular economic benefits, and is the major trend of future agricultural development.Now Zhao Lijie's Rongshengda Agricultural Production Cooperative has expanded 27 facility agricultural greenhouses and successfully planted Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus velutipes. In 2019, projects such as pitaya and melon planting were added. A new factory building with an area of 400 square meters and a modern cold storage with an area of 160 square meters will be built to store, distribute and transport products that can only be produced in winter before, so as to realize long-term production. This will not only enable customers across the country to eat Shuangxing's cereals and delicacies all year round, but also provide 160 jobs for women around. <br /> <br /> 赵丽杰说，我爱农村，离不开农村，如果说城市是现代青年展示才华的舞台，那么农村就是现代青年大展宏图的广阔天地。<br /> <br /> &quot;I love the countryside and can't live without it. If the city is a stage for modern youth to show their talents, then the countryside is a vast world for modern youth to show their great ambitions,&quot;said Zhao Lijie.<br /> <br /> <br /> 在疫情期间，我看到电视台播报的消息，赵丽杰在当地第一个带头捐款捐物，带头做志愿者，坚守着自己的家园，同时日夜分秒必争，筹划着复工之后的诸多举措，年轻的赵丽杰在她的人生故事里，又掀开了新的一页。<br /> <br /> == Part 16 ==<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16a 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing ====<br /> 他在给我讲述一棵树<br /> <br /> “进入新时代，就要有新思维！”“只有用战略思维谋划全局，用创新思维探索扶贫模式、完善体制机制，才能啃下脱贫攻坚的硬骨头！”这是赤峰市扶贫办主任冯树鑫标志性的内心宣示。<br /> 2014年底，年富力强的冯树鑫，由克什克腾旗旗委副书记兼克什克腾世界地质公园管理局局长的岗位上，调任赤峰市扶贫办主任。作为一个写作者，我多年以来养成了一种观察人习惯，那就是由表及里。我的理由是，不论一个人相貌平平还是仪表堂堂，能够标志其是否优秀的不是自然禀赋，而是外在的风貌举止。初见冯树鑫，他给我的第一印象是双目矍铄，相貌端庄，衣着简洁，后来几次与他沟通时，发现他身上的白衬衫永远一丝不苟，到了他办公室一看，文件文具整整齐齐，到处一尘不染。他开口说话，滔滔不绝，却沉稳敏捷，没有多余的赘词，总是一语中的。这一点让我对他十分信任，有一种故知的感觉。 <br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 鲁思 Lu Si ====<br /> 冯主任向上立起手臂，展开五指，开始了他的讲述。我感觉他的手构成了一棵树的姿态，而他的讲述也仿佛从一棵树的幼苗开始，沿着树的躯干和枝干精准道来。这棵树便是赤峰脱贫攻坚的来龙去脉。<br /> 他说：“2013年11月总书记在十八洞村提出精准扶贫，2014年底全国建立了建档立卡的体系，2015年十一月份中央召开全国脱贫攻坚会议，发文打赢脱贫攻坚战，配套国家十三五规划，“六个精准”、“五个一批” 开展工作。当时，内蒙古贫困人口一百五十余万，赤峰市四十六万八千，占自治区的三分之一，自治区有国家级贫困县三十一个，赤峰市有八个，自治区有二十六个自治区级贫困县，赤峰有两个，贫困县的数量赤峰站占全区总数的四分之一，贫困人口占全区总数的三分之一，可见当时赤峰市脱贫的任务是最重的。<br /> <br /> ====Part 16 庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====<br /> 2016年，我们建议市政府，在自治区下达的三项重点工作中加入脱贫攻坚一项内容。<br /> <br /> In 2016, we suggested that the municipal government add poverty alleviation to the three key tasks assigned by the autonomous region.<br /> <br /> In 2016, we suggested that the municipal government should include poverty alleviation in the three key tasks assigned by the autonomous region.<br /> <br /> 经过努力，到2018年底，全市四十六万八千贫困人口，减至五万三千万人； 在2017年底，我们的林西县成为自治区第一个摘帽国贫县，经北京市师范大学第三方验收高质量通过，获得全国脱贫攻坚组织创新奖。<br /> <br /> By the end of 2018, the number of people living in poverty in the city had decreased from 468,000 to 53,000.By the end of 2017, our Linxi County has become the first poverty-stricken county in the autonomous region, which has passed the third-party acceptance of Beijing Normal University and won the National Innovation Award for Poverty Alleviation Organizations.<br /> <br /> By the end of 2018, the number of people living in poverty in the city had decreased from 468,000 to 53,000. By the end of 2017, our Linxi County has become the first poverty-stricken county in the autonomous region, which has passed the third-party acceptance of Beijing Normal University and won the National Innovation Award for Poverty Alleviation Organizations.<br /> <br /> 2018年，林西县获得全国脱贫攻坚组织创新奖。<br /> <br /> In 2018, Linxi County won the National Poverty Alleviation Organization Innovation Award.<br /> <br /> In 2018, Linxi County won the National Poverty Alleviation Organization Innovation Award.<br /> <br /> 赤峰市三个国贫县，两个自治区级贫困县出列，共六个贫困县摘帽；敖汉旗设立爱心基金，使贫困人口治病正常报销外，爱心基金再补报一部分，达到了健康医疗有保障，获得国家卫健委健康扶贫奖。<br /> <br /> Three national poor counties and two autonomous region level poor counties were listed in Chifeng City, and a total of six poor counties were decapitated; Aohan Banner set up a love fund to make the poor people normally reimbursed for their medical treatment. In addition, the love fund made up a part of the reimbursement, which ensured health care and won the Health Poverty Alleviation Award of the National Health Commission.<br /> <br /> Six poor counties were lifted from poverty, which includes three National-Level Poor County and two autonomous region level poor counties. Aohan Banner set up a charity fund to make the poor people normally reimbursed for their medical treatment. In addition, the charity fund made up a part of the reimbursement, which ensured health care and won the Health Poverty Alleviation Award of the National Health Commission.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====<br /> 2019年全市集中人力物力财力打好脱贫攻坚歼灭战，实现了五万三千人脱贫，一百七十三个嘎查村出列，阿鲁科尔沁旗、巴林左旗、翁牛特旗、敖汉旗最后四个国家级贫困县摘帽。<br /> <br /> In 2019, the city concentrated its human, physical and financial resources to fight against poverty, achieving the goal of lifting fifty-three thousand people， One hundred and seventy-three Gacha villages and the last four national poverty-stricken counties of Arhorqin Banner, Bahrain Left Banner, Ongniud Banner and Aohan Banner from poverty.<br /> <br /> 赤峰的脱贫攻坚工作得到国务院扶贫办和自治区的认可，国务院扶贫办批准设立赤峰扶贫改革试验区。<br /> <br /> The poverty alleviation work in Chifeng was recognized by the Poverty Alleviation Office of the State Council and the autonomous region, and the Poverty Alleviation Office of the State Council approved the establishment of Chifeng Poverty Alleviation Reform Pilot Zone.<br /> <br /> 全区扶贫办主任会议、全区产业精准扶贫政金企对接会、全区扶贫小额信贷工作现场培训会和中央单位定点扶贫工作调度交流培训会议相继在赤峰召开；我们还成功举办2019年埃塞俄比亚公共服务与减贫研修班，这是我市连续三年成功承办国际减贫研修班。<br /> <br /> The Regional Poverty Alleviation Office Director's Meeting, the Regional Industry Targeted Poverty Alleviation Policy Finance Enterprise Matchmaking Meeting, the regional poverty alleviation micro credit work on-site training meeting and the central unit designated poverty alleviation work dispatching exchange training meeting were held successively in Chifeng. We also successfully held the 2019 Ethiopia Public Service and Poverty Reduction Seminar, which is the third consecutive year that our city successfully hosted the international poverty reduction seminar.<br /> <br /> 7月15日，习近平总书记亲临赤峰视察调研，对赤峰市脱贫攻坚工作充分肯定，赤峰四百六十万万各族人民备受鼓舞，正在向决战决胜发起总攻。<br /> <br /> On July 15, Xi Jinping General Secretary personally visited Chifeng to inspect and investigate, and fully affirmed the poverty alleviation work of Chifeng City. The 4.6 million people of all ethnic groups in Chifeng were greatly encouraged and are launching a general attack on the decisive battle of poverty.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 马明宇 Ma Mingyu====<br /> 我们在市委市政府的领导下，通过这样的思路开展工作——赤峰这个地方，有一个优势，就是农产品丰富，所以抓产业，是我们的重点，因为产业扶贫可持续，可以把“小鱼挂在大串上”，更多地把贫困群众吸附在产业链上，带动大多数贫困人口实现增收致富。2016年，我们首先重点抓扶贫产业园建设，到现在已经建立了二百七十一个；其次，我们抓龙头企业建设，引进外地的名牌企业，也培育自己的本土龙头企业，把农副产品的产业链延长，达到对全市的辐射带动作用；还有，我们考虑到小合作社贷款难，成立的金融扶贫公司，为他们搭建融资平台，推动小企业、合作社尽快发展。另一个思路是易地扶贫搬迁，对于那些一方水土养不了一方人的自然村，全市通过易地扶贫搬迁移民的方式，将困难村民安置到乡镇、主干公路附近和旗县所在城关镇，通过新建社区、幸福互助院等方式，让贫困人口搬得出，稳得住，能致富……”<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 彭琦 Peng Qi ====<br /> 冯主任特别给我讲了两件事，他认为这两件事儿，是脱贫攻坚中不可或缺的中流砥柱，一个是中直机关定点帮扶，通过定点帮扶，让中化集团，三峡集团，国家安全部等部门施以强有力的援助，为赤峰新上了诸多大项目，推进脱贫攻坚进程；另一个就是北京市与自治区对口帮扶，北京市8个区帮扶赤峰市8个国贫县，北京市投入大量人力物力，对赤峰市脱贫攻坚起到巨大的推动作用。几年来，市直和旗县下派的五千三百五十三个扶贫干部，他们是国家扶贫政策的传导者，落实者，是他们在第一线伸出手，拉起了每一个贫困群众。他说起北京扶贫干部曹凤鸣的故事，讲起内蒙古自治区妇联副主席云翠荣的故事，讲起一个个驻村第一书记、村两委成员的故事，声音变得缓慢深沉，我听得出他平静的表情之下，有深沉的情感。<br /> Director Feng told me two things in particular, which he considered to be the mainstay of the battle against poverty. One of them is the targeted support from the Chinese authorities, which has enabled the Sinochem Group, the Three Gorges Group, the Ministry of State Security and other departments to provide strong assistance and to launch many new major projects for Chifeng to advance the process of poverty eradication. The other is the counterpart support from Beijing to the autonomous regions. 8 districts in Beijing help 8 poverty-stricken counties in Chifeng, and Beijing has invested a lot of human and material resources into the area, offering a huge boost to the fight against poverty in Chifeng. Over the past few years, the Municipality and several counties have sent down 5,353 cadres, who have advanced and implemented the national poverty alleviation policy. They are on the front line, getting every poor person out of poverty. His voice turned slow and deep as he told the story of Cao Fengming, a poverty alleviation cadre from Beijing, the story of Yun Cuirong, the vice president of the Women's Federation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and the stories of the first secretaries and members of the two village committees (Village Party Branch Committee and Village Committee). From his words, I could feel the deep emotion beneath his calm expression.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin ====<br /> <br /> 在交流中，冯树鑫给予我的信息实在丰繁，我全神贯注地听讲，通过他的语言，这些信息直接和土地对接、和现实融为一体，犹如雁群飞来，栖落在地，而地里同时长出了新绿，所以我在以上的转述中，我已经不能追述的那些十分具体，又万分抽象的时间、数字、因人施策的策，因地制宜的宜。例如，一系列中共中央、国务院有关脱贫攻坚文件下发的背景、时间、内容；各种指标，贫困率，脱贫率，贫困户的人均收入，贫困户通过参加光伏扶贫的收入；设施农业——有多少个大棚、多少万亩旱地，大棚种植了哪些果蔬品种，一年能收几茬，何时育苗，何时采摘，滴灌的水量，日照的温度；养殖业——一般农牧户多少头牛羊，每个旗多少头牛羊，杜泊羊和湖羊的不同，包括品种的特点，适应性要求……还有，赤峰北部山区和大兴安岭的关系，南部山区和燕山的关系，日照时间长度，无霜期的天数，敖汉小米和巴林左旗的毛毛谷小米各具什么特点，宁城的梨子为什么在北京市场 广受欢迎，科尔沁沙地为什么要修一条穿沙公路……<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 覃诗雅 Qin Shiya ====<br /> 冯树鑫的讲述让我的脑海浮动起这个词组——扶贫辞典。一片九万余平方公里的大地，已然被植入了这本辞典，也植入了这个人的生命，这不仅是一种牢不可破的记忆，更是日益成长的情怀，或者说，他已经习惯了用一个数字挂怀一群人的冷暖，用一种理念修改捉襟见肘的往事，这一切他能够脱口而出，自然如一个人的呼吸和气质，当然，我们也可以视之为职责的硕果。冯树鑫用简短精准的语言，讲述了赤峰市扶贫的历程和成就，正如我的想象，这棵树的主干和枝干，已经高大茁壮，而枝头上累累的果实和花叶，已经无需细说，当我在赤峰的十二个旗县区行走之际，脱贫攻坚成果已经装满了我的视野。各级党委政府通过扶贫办，在中国大地之上，栽下了一株株希望的树苗，冯树鑫就是红山脚下的一个日以继夜的守林人。此时，冯树鑫高高举起的手掌，正是一个美好的譬喻，赤峰扶贫之树生机勃勃，与未来的社会主义新农村振兴一起迎来无限春光。 <br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 卿子晔 Qing Ziye ====<br /> 现在轮到我发问了。据我所知，全国目前有七个国家扶贫改革试验区，西部只有赤峰一个，我很想知道国务院批准赤峰国家扶贫改革试验区的背景，也想知道，赤峰下一步推进试验区工作中的思路。 <br /> 冯树鑫的话仍然简捷精准。他说，过去国家批准的六个扶贫改革试验区，为全国提供了模式和样板，是非常成功的。 赤峰能够成为国家扶贫改革试验区，一是赤峰扶贫规模较大，二是国家和自治区对赤峰这几年扶贫工作给予肯定，这对我们来说，是鼓励也是鞭策。我们考虑到脱贫攻坚阶段性胜利以后，国家对贫困地区的支持将会有新的变化，资金和人力不可能总是这样集中投入，工作队也不可能长期驻村。那么如何巩固脱贫攻坚的的成果，使其永续发展，就是一个新课题。我们市委、政府向国务院扶贫办上报的五年规划，围绕着巩固脱贫攻坚成果、创新扶贫架构新模式、建立确保贫困人口脱贫后永不返贫、总结脱贫攻坚经验向下一步乡村振兴过渡，建立返贫保障基金，使用保险检测途经掌握返贫迹象及时跟踪扶助，调剂出一千多个乡镇事业编制，用于嘎查村，实施乡编村用，将有培养前途的大学生，先派到村里锻炼，放下去，再提上来，形成人才良性循环机制等课题，形成了具体实施方案。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 仇绪 Qiu Xu====<br /> 接着，我把自己采访中一直忧虑的两个问题一并提出来，请教冯主任。我说的直接，甚至有点尖锐。第一，赤峰境内水资源紧张，很多河流面临干涸，地下水的保有量不容乐观，现在设施农业铺满大地，工业用水，生活用水，体量超大，未来怎么办？冯主任似乎有点意外，却是从容不迫：“绿水青山就是金山银山，生态保护必然带来水资源情况的好转，保护水资源，发展节水农业已经是刻不容缓。”<br /> 我的第二个问题是，现在年轻人都纷纷离开农村，我看到的贫困户，大多是中老年人，他们脱贫了，但是二十年之后农村怎么办？ 冯主任的回答是：“乡村振兴了，年轻人就有了用武之地，还愁没人回来？”显然，这个坚守在扶贫发展第一线的操盘手，每天思考的不仅仅是今天，他抗在肩上的还有沉甸甸的美丽明天。<br /> Then I put up two questions about which I was concerned in my interview to be answered by Feng, the chief leader, in a direct way, even sort of sharp. First, Chi Feng faces a scarce situation of water resource, leaving quite a number of rivers dried, which leads to undesirable fact of insufficient underground water storage. Since agricultural facilities now cover the entire area, there is a huge demand for water in industry and life. What will you do in the future? Feng was a little amazed at my questions but answered with poise, &quot;The green rivers and mountains are invaluable assets for us. Ecological protection must bring a good turn for water resource. The current situation allows no hesitation for water conservation and developing water-saved agriculture.&quot; The second question is that now young people leave their villages and most of poverty-stricken families are middle or old ages, so what should those villages do in twenties years later even though the middle or old ages get out of poverty now? Feng gave his answer, &quot;If villages have been revitalized, young generations can easily find a job, so we won't worry about that.&quot; Obviously, this administrator, who perseveres with his duty in poverty alleviation front, considers not only today but also a wonderful tomorrow shouldered by him.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman ====<br /> 第三个问题——赤峰扶贫发展工作屡创佳绩，硕果累累，好政策大背景是关键，人的因素也很关键，赤峰的干部群众做事锲而不舍，其文化底蕴是什么？冯主任也是寥寥几句话，就说到了点子上：“游牧文化和农耕文化在这里汇集融合，形成了带有合金品质的移民文化，显示出攻坚克难，互相竞争的文化习性。”<br /> 我提出了最后一个问题——能告诉我，你个人在在这项伟大的扶贫工程中具体发挥了什么作用吗？<br /> 冯树鑫主任说，我呀，我只是做了应该做的一点事儿，就不用写了。<br /> 后来，在诸多工作总结和新闻报道材料种，我找到了冯主任尽职尽责的足迹。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 疏珊 Shu Shan ====<br /> 冯主任作为全市脱贫攻坚指挥部的“参谋长”，胸中有全局，持之以恒地把扶贫政策融入自己时刻的思考和追求，也努力让自己对当地的地理人文历史了然于心，为全方位熟悉工作，他率团先后到四川、贵州、甘肃、山东等地学习先进经验，也走遍了全市八百七十一个建档立卡贫困嘎查村，以多种方法，提升自己，面向基层，贴近实际，让自己立于新时代潮头，拥有新思维，不断推出新创意。他积极引导各旗县探索园区化产业扶贫模式，形成了“扶贫产业园区化、规模化，扶贫对象合作化、组织化，扶贫资金资本化、权益化，他先后在全市探索了产业园区扶贫模式、金融扶贫模式、易地扶贫搬迁+扶贫模式等一系列创新做法，成为全自治区扶贫工作创新的样板，也为赤峰市成为国家在西部地区设立的首个扶贫改革试验区，发挥了不可替代的作用。 <br /> <br /> ==== Part 16 王芳玲 Wang Fangling ====<br /> 新时代的领导干部是一种智慧型的劳动者，可上大雅之堂，可下田野乡村，而基层的扶贫办主任应该是个怎样的角色呢？我理解，他不必一身泥土，不必两手老茧 ，但是一定要有一脑袋现代思维，一腔子爱民之情，一股子永不退怯的奋斗精神，还要有一以贯之的学习钻研精神，他是政府的智囊，老百姓的亲人，社会各界召集人，如今当赤峰乡村振兴的蓝图在眼前打开，作为扶贫办主任冯树鑫第一个执笔，第一个操盘，他日以继夜，目不转睛，大脑飞转 ……<br /> <br /> == Part 17 ==<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 王露 Wang Lu ====<br /> 西沟村的郝彦波<br /> 内蒙古赤峰市喀喇沁旗地处燕山山脉和大兴安岭山脉之间的丘陵草原，春季风大干燥，夏季多雨高温，适合种植沙参、黄芪、防风、桔梗等中草药。这里有个西沟村，出了个淇艺机械有限责任公司，已经成为国内中草药种植机械产业脱贫的领衔企业。<br /> 淇艺的老板叫郝彦波。三十六七岁，个子不高，身子略显单薄。外貌别无特殊，唯两只不大的眼睛炯炯有神。<br /> 说起扶贫的事情，他说没别的，就靠机器。<br /> Hao Yanbi from Xigou Village<br /> Harqin Banner,Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is located in the hilly grassland between Yanshan Mountain and Greater Khingan Mountains. In spring, there is high and dry wind; in summer, it’ rainy and hot. Therefore, the area is suitable for the growth of Chinese herbal medicine like adenophora stricta, astragalus membranaceu, saposhnikovia divaricata, platycodon grandiflorus. There is a village called Xigou, which the leading enterprise of Chinese herbal medicine planting machinery industry in China, Qiyi Machinery limited liability company is from. The boss of this company is Hao Yanbo, who is about thirty-six years old, not tall but thin. He has common appearance with small but bright piercing eyes. When talking about poverty relief, he held the opinion that there is no way but relying on the machine.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 王琪 Wang Qi ====<br /> 一<br /> <br /> 眼前是一片药田。九月，到了收获的时候，防风的秧子绿着，却蔫倒了；沙参的秧子枯黄，即将化为泥土的一部分。季节不等人，种植的药材不及时挖出来，根茎就会变黑腐烂。父母眼巴巴盼了二年的收益，就会鸡飞蛋打。药田是自己家的，也就两亩地大小。<br /> 郝彦波把肩头的五齿叉子放下来，在药秧根部附近插下去。<br /> 原来挖药这事儿，并不好玩。土地坚硬，沙参的根茎扎在地里六十五公分，他一只脚踩下去，叉子只入土二十公分，他两只脚上踩去，倾尽整个身子的重力，又使劲顿了顿，六十五公的叉子深入土层；土又沉又硬，他憋了个大红脸，才算把叉子撅出来。就这样，一叉子挖掘出几根药茎，他义无反顾地挖掘了一整天，直到最后一丝残阳消失，手上的水泡磨破出血，汗水和泥土把脸涂成了黑盔，仅挖完了不足一分地。他直起身来一看，暮色中，这药田怎么这么大呀，何年何月才能挖到头啊。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 汪世博 Wang Shibo ====<br /> 那一年郝彦波十七岁，高中还没毕业。他是西沟村一个农民的独生子，从小生得单薄，个头也矮，在人堆里不算打眼。虽然家里缺衣少食，但郝彦波不缺爱，父母把他当做掌中之宝，但凡他提出一点要求，父母再难也要变着法地满足他。四五岁的时候，父亲就看出来一些端倪了，这孩子看电视上的变形金刚，两眼直直的，给他个粘豆包都不动；后来大一点儿，他就把家里好好的座钟给拆了，父亲进了屋，儿子连头都没抬，他坐在屋地上，裤子沾满尘土，旁边是按照顺序摆放的座钟零件，时针、秒针、发条、齿轮、钟摆，他全神贯注，抻着小脖子，要把拆散架子的钟，重新装好，可是怎么使劲也装不起来…… 父亲拍拍他的脑袋，一句责怪都没有。父亲认为儿子念书好，门门功课都不差，跟他从小喜欢动手动脑有关。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 王雅姝 Wang Yashu ====<br /> 上了中学，郝彦波被推选参加全市的数学竞赛，到了赤峰考场，他早早答完了题，看到有些小错误，也不改，交了卷子，就忙三迭四地退场，去看城建工地的大塔吊了。不过他最后的成绩还不错。父亲在村委会门前很谦虚地告诉村干部——一般一般，赤峰第三。<br /> 考学！儿子一定行！和千千万万个农村孩子的爹娘一样，他们认准了考学是后代摆脱贫困的唯一途径。父亲收废品，母亲打零工，省吃俭用，今天二十一元，明天十五块五角，把挣到的钱，一点点地往银行存。聪明的儿子给了他们盼头，当爹妈的半夜醒来想想就乐。<br /> 就在这时候的某一天，郝彦波的堂哥死了。那是一个身强力壮的小伙子，每天在地里中挖药，喀喇沁的秋天寒风刺骨，他总是累得一身大汗，于是光着膀子干，不一会儿就渴得嗓子冒火了，捧起身边的凉水就喝，抓起个凉馒头就吃，结果伤了肺，送到医院，人已经没了气息。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 伍超穎 Wu Chaoying ====<br /> 郝彦波放学回家，把书包往炕上一推，说，我不想念了，我得回家帮你们干活。<br /> 父亲说——你、你不是想当工程师吗？<br /> 父亲窝火，却舍不得说儿子一句。<br /> 母亲傻了。她说，儿啊，力气活儿你打小就没干过，不是逞能的事儿。 <br /> 郝彦波不吱声。<br /> 父母沉默一夜，第二天一早，把药叉子递到了儿子手中。他们觉得，让儿子体验体验也好，他知道了脸朝黄土背朝天的劳作是啥滋味，就会把手里的药叉子一丢，重新背上书包回学校。<br /> 没想到，儿子把手藏在手套里，不给父母看。他每天照常挖药，还抽空到舅舅的拖拉机跟前转来转去，晚上也不睡觉，点灯熬油地画一张图。地里的药材还没有挖完，郝彦波手里的自动挖药机草图已经改了好几遍。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 吴敏 Wu Min ====<br /> 其实郝彦波在挖药的第一天，就萌生了发明个机器的想法——可不能再出第二个堂兄了，为什么喀喇沁四十年的种药史就不能改一改呢？他把手里的图纸，在父母面前展开，说不采用机械化，咱们十里八乡种药材的农民，永远熬不出头。我做一台挖药机，给你们看看中不中？<br /> 父亲领他到废品收购站，收寻回一堆旧机械零件，旧焊条，他说爹也就这点能力了。母亲没说啥，翻箱倒柜，拿出了家里仅有的二百多元钱，接过了儿子手里的药叉子。年幼的郝彦波满心都是梦想中的机器，并没有发现母亲眼中隐隐的泪水。<br /> 郝家的院子响起了金属的撞击声，村里的二婶儿三叔七姑四舅过来看热闹，他们一出了院，就开始七嘴八舌——这孩子，真是不知天多高地多厚，你个毛孩子能发明挖药机，赤峰城里的那些能人还活不活了？这两口子太惯孩子，非惯出个败家子不可……<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 全永慧 Quan Yonghui ====<br /> 闲言碎语一说就是十四年。从最初设计出第一台样机，到建立工厂成批量生产，到工厂的系列产品在国内和俄罗斯被广泛使用，再到淇艺挖药机产业成为中药种植领域的龙头企业，郝彦波苦苦学习了十四年，整整奋斗了十四年。<br /> 要把这个图纸上的机器制造出来，并且付诸试验，需要钱，用以交电费、买材料、买工具、更重要的是要买专业书。从机械动力原理，到设计图纸绘制，郝彦波是先下海，后学游泳。他还需一台拖拉机，用来牵引挖药机，在药田里走动作业。钱不好借，亲戚朋友认为拿出去的钱等于打水漂。母亲给人家陪着笑脸，二十三十地借一点，然后细细地花在刀刃上，她也是心里不落底，生怕拉下饥荒。拖拉机，大舅的家里有一台，大舅喜欢机械，也喜欢这个爱鼓捣机械的外甥。可是姥爷不准许，郝彦波央求了几次，姥爷说你给你大舅鼓捣坏了，谁花钱修？郝彦波至今未抱怨过姥爷，他懂那种家家缺钱的生活。好在不久姥爷外出，大舅立马把拖拉机给郝彦波开来了，还带来了一台电焊机。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 席书涵 Xi Shuhan====<br /> 年轻的郝彦波，洗干净头脸，换上了母亲洗干净的体恤衫，高兴得像花儿遇到春风，那一刻真的没想什么天多高地多厚，他的眼睛里只有一幅画——家家户户的地里都有挖药机在工作，那些长着须毛的沙参和黄芪，从土里露出白生生的根茎，就像胖娃娃从梦中醒来，打个滚儿，跳进了柳条筐，一筐筐的药材上了汽车，摇身一变，就变成一件暖蓬蓬的羽绒服、一条大红色的羊毛围巾，变成一座瓦房铁栅的院落，门前有一辆簇新的摩托，门旁有一大片猪舍鸡圈，猪探出肥肥的头，鸡脚下是一颗颗洁白的蛋，这是他的梦，梦中有给父母的礼物，有自己未来的家，有美丽的西沟村……二婶三叔七姑四舅你们闭嘴吧，我的美梦即将成真，新闻发布会就要开始了！<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen ====<br /> 然而，没有哪匹马能一步跨过大草原，现实就是这么不给面子。在自家的药田里，郝彦波的处女作开始操作，挖药的叉子插入了泥土，第一次，挖出了几棵断根的药材，到了第二下，机器发出了异样的响声，接着，力臂失控，车身散架，这个完全没有参照物，全凭一个青年人的想象力设计、使用废铜烂铁制造的器物，在众目睽睽之下倒了下去。<br /> 失败难道就不是财富吗？此后，郝彦波废寝忘食，在失败中寻找成功的因子。这台雏鸟般的机器，幼稚的地方太多，他一丝不苟，一一打磨，慢慢地找到了主要矛盾——液压油缸不过关，他换材料，换油封，经过上百次试验，改进了液压油缸的结构性能，就这样跌倒了爬起来，爬起来再前行，到了2005年，郝彦波的挖药机终于研制成功，并获得国家知识产权局授予的知识产权专利。<br /> 故事到了这里，不是结尾而是开始。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 夏紫纯 Xia Zichun ====<br /> 在市场经济的背景下，你手攥着宝贝，却不能进入市场，就像空对着一只没有帆的船。家贫如洗的郝彦波，在院子里久久地坐着，天上的小雨什么时候下的，他不知道，母亲叫了几次，他也不想去吃饭。机器的性能可以了，下一步该如何批量生产、推广使用呢？钱钱钱，又是钱，郝彦波需要很多钱。<br /> 别无他路可走，郝彦波把研制成功的挖药机放在仓房里，向亲戚借了三百块钱，出发了。他要到城市里去打工，挣钱，养家，然后把梦想进行到底。西沟村离赤峰四十公里左右，他是骑着一辆旧自行车去的。一路上他默默祈祷，愿这是自己和父母的人生中，最后一次借钱。<br /> 他需要找一个住的地方，需要填饱肚子，还需要尽快找到工作，找一个工资高，又能学到本事的工作。他走遍了当时赤峰市内的二十多个职业中介，兜里的三百元钱，就像手掌上的一块冰，分分秒秒在缩小。<br /> <br /> In the context of the market-oriented economy, even if you clutch the treasure, the treasure will be like an empty boat without sails if it can not enter the market. Hao Yanbo, whose family was poor and destitute, sat in the courtyard for a long time, not knowing when the light rain fell from the sky. Mother called him several times for dinner, but he did not want to go. The performance of the machine is good, but the next step is how to manufacture it and promote the use of the machine? This time again, because of money, Hao Yanbo needed a lot of money. <br /> Hao Yanbo had no other way out, so he put the successfully developed drug digging machine in the barn, borrowed 300 yuan from his relatives and set off. He had to go to the city to work, earn money, support his family, and then finally make his dream come true. The village of Xigou was about forty kilometers from Chifeng city, and he went there on an old bicycle. Along the way he prayed silently that this would be the last time in his life to borrow money for himself and his parents. <br /> He needed to find a place to live, he needed to fill his stomach, and he needed to find a job as soon as possible, a job that paid well and allowed him to learn his skills. He went to more than twenty employment agencies in Chifeng at that time, but the 300 yuan in his pocket was shrinking like a piece of ice on his palm, minute by minute.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 向明慧 Xiang Minghui ====<br /> 他小心翼翼地问中介经理，有没有工资高一点的工作。中介经理一伸手，有，中介费五十元。他的手在兜里把几张钞票攥出了汗，舍不得拿出来，中介经理便把他当做了空气，视而不见。他第二天又来到中介，坐在中介经理面对面搭讪，结果又当了一天空气。第三天，他还来，往前凑了凑，经理烦了，他依旧陪着笑脸。<br /> 他说，到底哪里招工？经理说，中介费。他说，我就问问干啥活还不行吗？<br /> 经理说不行。他说我不问清楚干什么活儿，交了钱干不了怎么办？<br /> 经理说，你真磨叽。就是电焊工。<br /> 郝彦波心里一喜，忙稳稳神，作失望状说，电焊，技术活，干不了。抬脚走人。<br /> 他在又小又冷的出租屋里，把一本厚厚的赤峰黄页，早已翻得烂熟。他知道整个赤峰，只有三家电焊厂。<br /> 他来到邮电局，花了不到一块钱。分别给这三家电焊厂打了电话。其中最大的一家，正在招电焊工。工资800元到3000元，真是太诱人了。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu====<br /> 厂里的老总和副总一起面试。郝彦波不敢夸大自己的电焊技术，他说自己在家里焊过一般的小机器，没敢说也就焊过一台挖药机。老总脸绷着，说我们不收学徒。副总倒是和颜悦色，他说，小伙子找个小厂子练几年再来吧。郝彦波说，我不要工资，也不吃厂里的伙食还不行吗？两位老总摆摆手，把郝彦波扔在了接待室里。<br /> 临走，郝彦波拿了副总的一张名片。第二天他给那位副总打电话——我没别的优点，就是认学，我觉得到你们企业很正规，有前途，我不要工资，只要个机会，领导就给年轻人的上进心一点厚爱吧……<br /> 副总说……那你就来试试吧，是郝彦波的最后一句话让他动了恻隐之心。<br /> 这家电焊厂主要生产变压器，订单多得做不过来。电焊车间有五个技工，干了十八年了，技术水平相当可以，他们抱团取利，平分项目工资。对于郝彦波，他们一开始没当回事，用赤峰话说，这孩子你是不是有点潮？分文不取你图个啥呢，学徒？没师傅十八年你也学不成。<br /> 时间过去了两个月，他们发现这手快脚勤，闷声不语的小伙子不可小觑。因为他交出的零活小活儿，十分像样，结结实实，板板正正，不亚于成手的水平。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin====<br /> 只有郝彦波自己知道，这两个月自己是怎么过来的。白天，师傅们干活不许他掺和，他在一边干点零活，远远地偷艺，到了午休和下班之后，他就拿起焊钳，捡来些下脚料，分秒必争地苦练。至于吃饭，他就是两个馒头，一杯白开水，盒饭是买不起的，包子是当节日大餐来享受的。<br /> 郝彦波特想请教请教这五个师傅，自己不抽烟，买了盒烟给师傅点着，被师傅们一横胳膊拨拉开了；他说师傅们赏个面子喝顿小酒吧，师傅们连头都没抬。<br /> 只要有恒心，铁杵磨成针，机会总是属于有准备的人，这话果然不假。三个月以后，郝彦波，靠远观勤练，可以独立完成小型变压器的焊接组装了！他焊好的机器往那里一摆，美观，牢固，严丝合缝，五个师傅也只能啧啧赞叹。这时候，工厂接到一个大订单，焊接一个2500千瓦的大变压器，相当于一间小房子大，要求工艺水平高，要求时间快。五个师傅和老板谈工资，没谈拢，撂挑子不干了。<br /> 空空荡荡的车间只剩了一个瘦瘦小小的郝彦波在干活儿。老板来了，没有认出来他是谁，盯着看他操作，又用挑剔的眼光检查了他做出的成品。好半天，老板说，给你找几个工人，你带着他们把大变压器拿下来中不？郝彦波一听有点不相信自己的耳朵，镇定一下，他老老实实地回答老板，小的中，大的没干过，但是我一定要干好，说什么也不能影响公司声誉。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu====<br /> 老总果然目光如炬，又想到这个年轻人做事能为公司考虑 ，便给了郝彦波每月八百元的工资和几个帮手，把任务派给了他。郝彦波也是拼了，起五更爬半夜，把每天的生产流程设计到分秒精准，把人力调配到最合理，检查质量，一个焊接缝，牙签那么宽的误差也逃不过他的眼睛，最终如期优质完成任务。这时，郝彦波的焊接水平已经远远超过了那五个干了十八年的师傅，并且在制图设计和技术管理上可以独当一面了。他的工资因此三级跳，达到每月五千元。被聘为车间主任之后，老总交由他来统筹车间的薪酬分配。最高的时候，他手下的技工，每月得到八千五百元的工资。<br /> 一转眼要过年了，他给母亲打电话，说妈我要回家了，你想吃什么，需要点什么，我给你买回去。母亲说，快别介孩子，咱们家用钱的地方多着呢。郝彦波说，我一个月挣快五千了呢，不差这点钱。他没敢说八千多，她怕母亲不相信。<br /> 母亲说，儿子，真的？<br /> 儿子说，妈，真的。<br /> 电话里传来了母亲掩抑着的啜泣，她强说出一句话，儿子啊，有个好工作可不容易，可要好好把握这个机会啊，话里透漏出一丝担心。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 谢茜敏 Xie Ximin ====<br /> 知儿莫如母。2007年，在打工生活顺风顺水的时候，郝彦波以家里搬迁为理由，向老总请了长假，怀揣着积攒下来的不足八万块钱，回到了西沟村。他跟父母说，厂里的工作每天都一样，我要干点每天都有新意的事儿。父亲拿出钥匙，打开房门，他回到了梦中的挖药机跟前。<br /> 挖药机在库房里搁置了二年，但是在郝彦波的脑子里，一天都没有搁置，即使在打工最劳累的时刻，他只要一闲下来，就会不由自主地琢磨起挖药机的改进。现在，他有钱了，到了第二次冲刺的时候。他买了一台拖拉机，更新了挖药机的设计，制作出一台完整的新型挖药机，到工商局正式注册了机械制造厂。这时候的郝彦波，已经打开视野，学会了研究市场，关注社会需求，他认为，随着人们保健意识的提高，中药的市场需求将会扩大，挖药机的使用，势在必行。他鼓动父母，提前种下十亩药材。他经过测算，批量生产挖药机，尚需四十万左右的资金。一个老同学不怕担风险，要求参与，于是两个人分别贷款，生产出二十台挖药机，准备大干一场。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 李彦 Li Yan====<br /> 郝彦波开着拖拉机，在药田里作业，引来了人们的围观，挖药机果然不错，虽说速度和精确度还处于初级阶段，但是一台机器，顶五六个人工那是没有问题了。附近的药农看了之后跃跃欲试，媒体也来凑热闹——中国第一台挖药机诞生了，从此改变中药种植的劳动方式。<br /> 很快，第一个敢于吃螃蟹的人出现了。可是，当客户把花了三万多元钱买来的机器往地里一开，没等挖完半亩地的药材，挖药机就出现了故障，郝彦波赶紧派人修，当时是修理好了，可还没等修机器的师傅回到家，电话又来了，机器又出毛病了。这到底是怎么回事呢？郝彦波整天在客户的药田里琢磨，他发现如果自己亲自操作挖药机，机器会很好用，一旦换个生手，就会故障频频。就这样，好歹挖完了客户地里的药材。这个客户是个厚道的老兄，没有让郝彦波退货，默默把这台挖药机放在场院里，再也没动。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 谢紫佳 Xie Zijia====<br /> 郝彦波把剩下的十九台挖药机放在自己院子里，不敢再销售了。这时候到了年底，银行的利息将近四万。当时一个人出去打工一年能挣到两万都是多的，就是说，自己和合伙人身上每年两万的利息，他们打工一辈子都还不清。这可怎么办？郝彦波可以回电焊厂继续打工，挣的多一点，最终还上利息，可是这个项目就可能彻底夭折，自己的企业梦也就成了一枕黄粱。出路只有一个，就是继续改进机器，直至完全成功。<br /> 郝彦波开始疯狂地研究机器的改进。技术问题，国内没有同行，求教无门，投资问题，也走进了死胡同，现实瞬间回到了多年前，郝彦波整天在家里边学边干，父母出去给人家的耕地拔草，每天拿回来十块，郝彦波花十块，拿回来二十，郝彦波花二十，一家人，除了吃饭，刮骨熬油一般，节省出一点点钱，支撑着郝彦波最后的信念。<br /> 债务重，压力大，郝彦波的身体每况愈下，终于有一天，昏倒在了机器旁边。到医院一检查，医生说这个年轻人可惜了，得的是绝症，全家人不肯相信，换了一家医院重新检查，结论一样。最可怕的是，家里已经没有给郝彦波吃药的钱了。母亲出去借钱，亲戚朋友的回答，让人心凉——得了这种病，弄不好要人财两空啊……母亲借了一圈，只借到几百元钱。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 熊丹 Xiong Dan ====<br /> 全家被阴云笼罩。母亲每天在地里干活的时候以泪洗面，回到家中看到儿子，强颜欢笑。郝彦波想，我还这么年轻，难道就这样完了吗？他不甘心，真是不甘心呐！他想不开，暗暗地哭了不知多少回。费用太大，他决定放弃治疗，顺其自然。父亲母亲媳妇和孩子，哭成了一团。<br /> 父亲拆了几台挖药机，把零件当废铜烂铁卖，去给儿子买药。郝彦波隔着窗户，看着父亲伛偻的身躯，心如刀绞。<br /> 医生要求他避免重体力劳动，保持好心情。他一想，对呀，生命不就是一种心情吗，心情好了，每一天都好。他站在深秋的天气里，面对冷冷的太阳，做起了扩胸运动，寒风如霜，他的身体里勃发出一团热能，他告诉自己，你要坚强，你青春的肌体，你昂扬的精神，你每天锲而不舍的大脑，都没有衰竭的迹象，只要不气馁，就没有过不去的火焰山。<br /> 郝彦波每天在家里看孩子，洗衣服，为全家人做饭。说实话，他原本一点都不喜欢这些家务事，此时，却是做得全心全意，兢兢业业，他在最不应该思考生与死的年纪里，体验到了，活着的每一分钟，都值得万分珍惜。他心中最重要的事情，仍然是继续改进挖药机。他每天强迫自己卧床休息几个钟头，待有了一点精神，再埋头于图纸上、机器上，一干几个小时，他就这样用一张一弛的方式和死神赛跑。许多年后，他对记者说——我当时想，看不到我的挖药机在一家家的药田开着，后面有一堆堆白生生的药材，让药农们在一旁竖着大拇指，我就是闭上了眼睛也得睁开看啊。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 徐思禹 Xu Siyu====<br /> 母亲说，儿啊，你不要命了吗？<br /> 儿子说，娘啊，你放心吧，儿子不仅要命，还要成事儿，还要让家里过上富裕的日子。你养育了儿子一辈子，吃了多少苦，儿子还没回报呢，怎么能丢下你呢。你不是说想去乌兰布统看草原吗，还想去北戴河看看海吗，儿子还要陪着你去呢，咱们坐火车，坐飞机，把梦想变成真事儿。<br /> 母亲说，那些个，我都不想了，只要我儿子好起来，咱们把饥荒还清，我每天心里不总是沉沉的，就是知足了。<br /> 心静自然少忧烦。郝彦波想开了，心火就退下去了，他不急不躁，每天敲敲打打，铣铣锯锯，把挖药机的每一个构、零件重新研究一遍，还专门请了一个朋友开着挖药机，在各种不同的地里做破坏性试验，终于找到了机器故障的结症。原来是一些构件和零件用料质量较低，一些局部的配置不够精确，而机器的总体设计没有根本性问题。<br /> 从一个个坏消息里，病中的郝彦波汲取到了正能量。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 颜琦 Yan Qi ====<br /> 时间验证了郝彦波的眼光，当初让父母种下十亩中药材是对了，2010年中药材行情大涨。郝彦波也彻底解决了挖药机设计制造方面的问题，便操作机器在自己家的药田里工作。连续两年，他们家种药收入达到二十余万元，也让先前拒绝使用挖药机的乡亲们蜂拥而来，一时间买光了郝彦波的所有存货。从此小小西沟村洛阳纸贵，郝彦波的挖药机火了！一家忙得不亦乐乎，老人和媳妇忙着打磨、喷漆、上螺丝，郝彦波全力以赴，组织技术人才，扩大生产规模，引进先进设备，研制换代产品，陆续开发出深松（土）机、药材播种机、苗床起垄机、药材移栽机、挖药收获机、药材清洗机、药材烘干机等产品，为中药种植行业提供了一条龙机械。现在，郝彦波的中药种植机械，已经在内蒙古、吉林、辽宁、山东、山西、河北、四川、黑龙江、甘肃、新疆被广泛使用，在俄罗斯和哈萨克斯坦也有了长期用户。可以这样说，自从郝彦波的挖药机率先走上市场，人工种植中药的历史渐渐一去不复返了。<br /> 这回郝彦波可是真的富了。看着父母脸上的笑容，看着每年以百分之三十速度递增的产值，他的自豪感、成就感瞬间布满心头。但是，经过十五年创业打拼的郝彦波，这样说——假如一个富人看不到身边的贫困，那他就不是真正富有的人，富人应该是 大海里的一滴水，存在于所有人的富裕里，没有大海就等于没有你。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 17 杨思吟 Yang Siyin ====<br /> 他先给家乡算了一笔账。目前喀喇沁旗还有三十万亩山坡干旱土地没有很好利用，如果种上中药材，按每亩最低收益一千元，就是三亿元，当地百姓足以富起来；第二笔账是目前国内有六千万亩的中草药种植基地，需要二十万台挖药机，自己可以提供其中的百分之十以上。那么，自己出售机器的收入，可以投资家乡三十万亩山坡干旱地的流转开发。<br /> 他建立了一个中药产业示范园，流转贫困户的土地，引进国内为先进经验，种植中草药，成立了中药机械作业团队，租用贫困户的挖药机，组织贫困户劳动力到示范区劳动，一举三得，让贫困户从土地租金，机器租金，人工劳动三方面获得收益，摘掉贫困户帽子。<br /> 郝彦波说他下一步的梦想，一个在窗外辽阔的原野上，他已经公开了中药产业机械的专利，正在把产业园区的种植经验推向全国的同行；另一个在企业的实验室里，他要一改目前模仿人工的机械模式，引入电子化，智能化，让机器人入场，成为中药机械产业的新龙头。<br /> 三十六岁的郝彦波那明亮的眼睛里充满愿景。<br /> <br /> ==Part 18==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei ====<br /> <br /> 走进林保森的某一天<br /> <br /> 林保森是我在赤峰见到的第一个脱贫攻坚工作队驻村第一书记。<br /> <br /> 在此之前两天，我错过了赤峰市扶贫办举办的驻村第一书记讲演比赛。赤峰市扶贫办政策法规科科长杨明霞细心又热情，让我一下飞机就得到了这批讲演材料。林保森的讲演材料题目为《从一箩筐到新一箩筐——我的驻村故事》，咦，挺有意思，这两个箩筐里装着些怎样的故事呢？我迫不及待地读起来，原来，箩筐就是他的驻村日记，“一箩筐”里记录的是这位第一书记驻村伊始遇到的种种人和事，像一双惊讶的眼睛；而“新一箩筐”里保存的是他投入地为村民百姓排忧解难的过程和细节，充满了喜悦和信心。<br /> <br /> 恰好，我采访的第一站就是阿鲁科尔沁旗，高家段村是阿鲁科尔沁旗先锋乡的一个村，林保森就在这里当第一书记。<br /> <br /> “这个村子养殖业以黑驴为主导，一般户饲养驴不到十头，也有人家养了七八十头驴，高家段已经成立了养驴合作社，申请了产业扶贫养殖棚圈项目。在种植方面，以旱地种植为主， 这里的土地，缺水，干旱。高家段村由高家段、西靠山、马家段、新太平四个自然村组成，写在户口本上的人口1713人，实际上只有252户502人，其中年龄在三十岁以下的有6户，四十岁偏上的人家有20户， 五十到七十岁的人家占百分之七十以上。这个村绝大部分年轻人都离开了这里，有出去打工的，做小买卖的，上学的，上学毕业不再返乡的，他们留在村里的父母，多为经济窘迫，劳动能力渐弱，身体伤病，成了五保户、低保户、贫困户。”《一箩筐 2018年6月6日》<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 曾晨 Zeng Chen ====<br /> <br /> 林保森是教师出身，下派之前在旗应急管理局工作。原本林保森已经被派到查干浩特嘎查任驻嘎查第一书记。查干恰浩特在阿鲁科尔沁旗的东南部牧区，是个蒙古民族居多、农耕和牧业并重的地方。他 5月6日正式入村，第一个任务就是走门串户，迅速掌握了嘎查各贫困户的情况，尽管语言交流有一定困难，但是在嘎查干部的帮助下，他已经了解了每个贫困户的情况，哪家的病人每月三次透析，哪家的什么人得了动脉肿瘤，哪家为孤寡老人，哪家有残疾人等等，唯一的困难是语言交流障碍。<br /> <br /> “……开见面会，我很客气地讲了一点对驻村工作的认识，希望得到大家的支持。大家热烈鼓掌，让我感到很亲切。接着嘎查书记讲起了蒙语，大家又热烈鼓掌。我问书记，你说了什么？书记告诉我，我把你讲的翻译了一遍……看来蒙古族老乡，给足了我面子。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 张海珊 Zhang Haishan ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 支委换届大会，第四项议程安排我宣读选举方案。我学会了用蒙语数数，知道“四”蒙语为“图鲁布”，就细心的听着，心想听到这个“图鲁布”，就该我宣读方案了。可是，一直也没听到这个“图鲁布”。这时候，会场突然安静下来了，所有眼睛都盯住了我，我还愣在一边，书记悄悄用汉语告诉我--该你宣读了。没有任何人笑我，大家都在呵护着我，帮助着我。在查干浩特嘎查虽然只有一个月的时间，有了大家的帮助，语言障碍已经不是太大问题了，我已经着手调研嘎查农田旱地改水浇地、个人浇地、堵路、危房鉴定等方面的问题，已经把扶贫项目库的具体项目，向贫困户做了讲解，让人高兴的是订购的一套阿迪老师编写的蒙语教材，今天也送来了……”《一箩筐 2018 5月17日》<br /> “按镇长要求，填报了灾害致贫统计表。顺便了解到两个自然村的旱地状况……查干浩特有2000亩旱地，在二十八户农户手中，因为全部集中在集通铁路北侧，如果旱改水需要将南部的井水引到铁路北侧，审批非常困难，也可以在北部重新打井拉电，投入较大)，需要费用二十万。如果此项目实施，群众要求多年的用水难问题可以解决。此问题，下一步要深入调研，拿出解决方案。”<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 张珂珂 Zhang Keke ====<br /> <br /> <br /> “有位农户来到村部，找嘎查书记理论，原因是一个牧户把位于庙东南的四百六十亩地给卖了，而且昨天就按户把钱分了。农户十分激动，我便把他劝到西屋单独了解情况。原来，当年分地时，农民分到的是五百五十亩山地，牧民分到的是四百六十亩草场，当时要求草场不得改变性质做耕地，当年的村干部是牧户，所以把农民的五百五十亩的土地补贴均分给包括牧户在内的全体村民，现在牧户卖地的收入却没有农户的份儿。”<br /> “农户说昨天卖的四百六十亩地，没有绿本，是集体的，应有农户的份儿，牧民说这四百六十亩是当年用五百五十亩旱地换的，已经十几年了，如果再这样要求，农民就应该把那五百五十亩地换回来，还说绿本仍在牧民手里。<br /> 原来在机关工作，从来没有接触过这样尖锐又复杂的民生问题。看来现实总是带着历史痕迹，而现实当中最难解决的莫过于历史留下的纠葛。既然已经在第一书记的岗位上了，就必须面对这些难题，了解情况，广泛听取意见是基础，用政策作为准绳是关键。看来农村不仅是广阔天地，还是我们这些青年干部的大课堂……<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 张思诗 Zhang Sishi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 嘎查小组长说：不确权不能申请出售，如果确权可以先申报。<br /> 村民代表说：有规定按规定执行，没有规定，可以经村民三分之二同意，否则第三方不敢测绘，乡政府不能发证……<br /> 每天都能学到新知识，每天都会遇到新问题。”《一箩筐2018年5月27日》<br /> 这一个月，每一天都充实地忙碌着，林保森由浅入深，由易到难，开始着手帮助贫困户解决各种问题。<br /> “下午，乌仁琪琪格申请给她儿子办低保的事情终于可得以确认，这样她们家就可以享受各种政策了。想来这事儿，一开始自己不了解政策，于是认真学习，按照政策反复测评，直到获得如此好的结果，甚慰。 ”《一箩筐2018年5月4日》<br /> “通过查阅档案核实，嘎查享受雨露计划的只有永青女儿一人，布仁巴图的儿子在北京读大学，经向绍根镇政府扶贫办副主任牡丹大姐请教得知，在大学里享受了国家助学贷款，就不能享受雨露计划，而永青女儿就读的中专，没有享受国家助学贷款，就可以享受雨露计划扶助。又弄明白一件事。”《一箩筐5月29日》<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 张婷 Zhang Ting ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 就在林保森全身心投入查干浩特嘎查的扶贫攻坚工作的时候，一道命令，把他调到高家段村来了。林保森认为，一个青年人，能够赶上脱贫攻坚这个人类历史上的宏大工程，无论在哪个位置上做一粒棋子，无疑都是终身难以忘记的淬火历练，而最终在生命里留下的不仅是记忆，还有成长和成熟。二话没说，他打起背包就出发，路过家门而不入，直接就来到了高家段。当时，高家段上届村两委已经到了换届的时候，全村上下正在酝酿着新班子的选举，也酝酿着一次人际关系的较量。<br /> “路遇村民尤桂生，他快六十了。他知道我是第一书记之后，劝我别在这个村做第一书记了，给我说了几句顺口溜——宁走阎王殿，不走高家段，马家段，來歹沟。”他是退伍军人，也是五保户，听说一直在上访告状，不知何因，他还告诉我现在身体不好，好了要告到底。自己只有安稳地听着，我知道自己在读一本书，这算个开头。” <br /> “村委会换届选举大会会场上，突然出现四个人，一问，不是来参加投票的，他们拿着手机在会场上一通拍照，扬言不公平就告……还说有村中城市户口的夫妇二人也参加了选举，真实情况是该夫妇二人经查实确实参加了选举，还被落选者告发到了乡政府，乡政府按规定重新测算了选票数，没有改变选举结果。后听人说：这是有人为了在落选后证明选举不合理，故意把该夫妇二人找来参选的)<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi ====<br /> <br /> <br /> “选举之后，有落选者来电约我唠唠，我说来办公室吧，他说要我去他家，我就去了。到他家一看，已经来了三个村民，在等我，他们向我反映了很多村中以往的问题，例如道路问题，自来水问题，他还提出要承包自来水工程，分文不收，但只能供给西联组百姓，不许高家段共用。谈话中，他们总是让我表态，我没有表态，考虑必须要有全局思维，不能只听一面之词。这时候，我发现茶几的边角处，藏着一支录音笔，心里顿时奔跑起来十万只骆驼……”<br /> <br /> “召开党员会议，了解情况，发现一位高龄的老党员，叫姜海山，对于村里的情况十分了解，看问题也是十分客观。后来跟村委打听，才知道这位是姜海山大爷，老党员，九十多岁了，真不像啊，他老人家腰板挺直，头脑清楚，身体健康，全村人都十分敬重他。在关于危房改造的文件已下达后，他和儿媳妇出现在我们的办公室里，很客气地要求解决住房问题。他住在儿子家里，孙子要结婚，我估计是儿媳妇的主意。于是答应协调民政方面了解情况，并亲自将老爷子送回家。”<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 章颖雯 Zhang Yingwen ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 一个新来乍到的年轻的第一书记，面对扑面而来的种种问题，真的有点不知所措了，林保森有一段时间是沉默的，遇到事情轻易不敢表态，一时间看似有点灰头土脸，其实他的两脚一刻也没有停下来，每天在贫困户的场院里、屋里走来走去，他的大脑每时每刻都在高速运转着。宁走阎王殿，不走高家段？为什么这里矛盾四起，为什么在这里落实点事情总是一波三折？<br /> 沉下去，沉到民情民意的深处，沉到村民百姓的生活的深处，希望的起点处，林保森在努力寻找一把钥匙。在他的驻村手记里，记录了一些这样的小故事。<br /> 自从那天姜海山大爷到村委会提出改善住房的要求以后，他和他的家人便再也没有出现过。为什么和其它村民一而再、再而三地索要不一样呢？林保森问了村委会，得知这老爷子曾经当过二十七年的大队党支部书记，退下来这么多年，没有因为任何个人的事情找过村里，他经常说的一句话就是“别给公家添麻烦”。农村这些年发生了翻天覆地的变化，土地承包以后，乡村的生活，已经以个体为单位，公家这个概念，弱到了极点，在村民的心思里，公家就是给予，就是承担，没有麻烦的时候公家就像远山一样和自己无关，没有谁把公家放在心上来呵护。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 别给公家添麻烦——这是姜海山老爷子内心世界的自然流露。“别给公家添麻烦”似乎就是一条通道，连着一个年轻党员和一位近七十年党龄的老党员，林保森要沿着这个通道，去追溯力量和勇气。<br /> 姜海山老爷子住在二儿子家。二儿子家的房子的确并不宽敞。对面屋，老爷子占一间，儿子儿媳占一间，中间是吃饭和做饭的地方。正如姜海山老爷子的儿媳所说，如果姜海山老爷子的孙子结婚回来，真的就没有地方住了。二儿媳妇在这件事上比较用心，当初林保森入村的第二天，早上四五点钟，就有两个老太太不请自来，要求解决房子问题，其中就有她。老爷子可能开始比较无奈，最终表态反对继续要，老爷子发了话，儿子儿媳妇也就偃旗息鼓了。<br /> <br /> That don't make trouble for the public is the natural revelation of Jiang Haishan's inner world. And that seems to be a passage, connecting a young party member and a party veteran of nearly 70 years. Lin Baosen wants to trace strength and courage along this passage. Jiang Haishan lived with his second son. The second son's house was certainly not large. There were two rooms facing each other, one for Jiang Haishan and the other for his son and his daughter-in-law. And in the middle was a place for eating and cooking. As his daughter-in-law said, if Jiang Haishan's grandson gets married and comes back, there really will be no place to live. She was very concerned about this. At four or five o 'clock in the morning, on the second day of Lin Baosen's arrival in the village, two old ladies came uninvited and asked to solve the house problem. She was one of them. Jiang may be relatively helpless at the beginning, and finally expressed his opposition to continue to ask for house. Therefore, the son and his wife had to give up the idea.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 周子豪 Zhou Zihao ====<br /> <br /> 九十三岁的姜海山老爷子，1948年参加中国人民解放军，参加了辽沈战役、淮海战役后，随部队到广东、海南剿匪，抗美援朝时期给中国人民志愿军政治部主任杜平当警卫员，194８年在淮海战役中火线入党，转业后两次放弃城市工作，回到农村当大队党支部书记多年，其人言必行，行必果，领着社员们走过了中国农村跌宕起伏的岁月。在他的身上充满了正能量和历史感，几十年下来，村里党支部的三会一课，他从未缺席，党组织倡导的任何事情，他都带头践行。他对于改革开放和脱贫攻坚的坚决拥护，来自于亲生经历的历史，他从不以老军人，老功臣自居，不找，不要，不向国家伸手，至今只享受着普通城镇低保待遇。所以他德高望重，每逢大事时候，姜海山老爷子发话，就像定海神针一样镇得住村里的风吹草动。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 姜海山老爷子的住房内十分简朴，最引人注目的就是一个黑色的手提包。林保森向姜海山老爷子直诉情怀，道出了心中的烦恼。老爷子没有过多的话，从手提包里拿出一个红色的布包，里面有辽参战役参战纪念章、淮海战役参战纪念章，抗美援朝纪念章，还有一枚三等功军功章，这些宝贵的纪念章，用一块大红色的尼龙布包裹的，这块红布，是当年抗美援朝期间，击落美国飞机时，他从战场上捡到的美军飞行员降落伞的碎片。由此，姜海山老爷子，慢慢向林保森讲述了自己如何在贫苦的生活中寻找到解放军，如何在战场上穿过枪林弹雨，如何在朝鲜吃雪就炒米，如何带领村民开荒种地和干旱搏斗，只为老百姓能过上不挨饿受冻的好日子。姜海山老爷子认为，如今的脱贫攻坚，是当年共产党人理想的继续，是历史遗留下来的未完成的工作。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 林保森感觉自己在最贴近土地的农舍里听了一堂深刻而充满力量的党课，从此姜海山老爷子成了他学习的榜样，也成了他深深依恋的忘年交。隔一段时间，林保森就会去看看老爷子，和他聊聊天，唠唠村里的大事小情。姜海山老爷子，一直话语不多，但是关键时刻却可以动真章，后来，在全国上下抵抗疫情的时刻，他挺身而出，作为共产党员，甘当自愿者，一个人承包十几户人家的网格化管理，战斗在守护家园的第一线，令人敬仰赞叹。<br /> 林保森知道自己应该行动了，就像当初姜海山老爷子，1948年在热河老家穿上黄土布军装时那样，心里豪情满满，勇气倍增。<br /> “修井问题是村里多年不能解决的老大难问题，也是两不愁三保障中的硬指标，可总是问一问，答一答，不问便没有了回应，涉及的各方面总是各持一词，都说自己有难处，我也不知道问题到底出在哪里，村上？乡里？施工队？<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 我决定抛开各方面自己追办这件事，通知了村上交电费，然后直接联系施工人员，定下具体施工时间，然后跟施工人员从天山镇出发，一路追随，在阿旗'一日游',先后跟到新民乡，巴彦花、乌兰哈达，盯着他们干完每一项工程，领着他们来到高家段，忙碌一上午，终于使得高家段和西联两个自然村试水成功，对于井已经干了的西靠山、新太平两个自然村，只能重新再打一眼井。<br /> 当我回村的时候，在村口遇到了郑力芳老人，他握着我的手一遍遍地说，太感谢你们了，太感谢你们了。”<br /> “四个村整体的自来水工程定标结束， 张福中标，此时自来水施工已经完成，招标的岗位是自来水管理员，因为涉及到刚刚选举结束后各矛盾纠纷，所以很多人想争这个岗位，但最终没敢参与，我向张福那么公开地，大张旗鼓地表达祝贺，其实是代表期待通水的村民表达谢意，也是在公开地挺他 。这时候有个村民突然带着怒气，跑来大骂，一口一句脏话，我替书记阻挡，未成，回头劝村主任离开。这个人见状立刻冲我来了。我知道，他哥哥落选村主任，他心里有怨气。其实他没有什么证据，开口就胡嚷嚷——这事儿不公正，不透明。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 我拿出材料，一一回答他——程序公开透明，村代会通过，中标者已经公示，他混搅，说不知道，我说那你回家问问你媳妇，她参加会了，具体情况她应该是知道得一清二楚的。<br /> 这人不听，反而变本加厉，说你们工作队和两委是一伙儿的，竟摆出要动手的架势。<br /> 实在没有忍住，我也拍案而起：‘村委会不是你撒野的地方，当初老百姓吃不上水的时候，你哪里去了？找不到施工队的时候你哪里去了？我费劲巴力地找来了施工队，你就来闹事儿了，我告诉你，我和你不一样，我是有底线的，如果有什么你说的猫腻，我第一个不让！但是容不得你来捣乱！’没想到这一喊，他立即蔫了……不过，还真不能搞僵关系，对以后开展工作不利，他的身后可能有一个宗亲。后来，我的一个学生家里请客，他哥哥在场，我手拉着手跟他喝酒，酒喝透了，话也说透了，一直把他送回家，他们一族也就不再疏远我们了。” 林保森《一箩筐》。<br /> 交谈中，林保森告诉我，乱麻一团，总有最关键的那几根，找到了拽出来，其它麻团就迎刃而解了。高家段，关键就是因为一个穷字，所以人人在利益上锱铢必较，人人觉得活得不安稳，老百姓拿什么求安稳呢，土地、补助而已。所以每一次有关利益的分配，都可能是导火索，加上村中错综复杂的人际关系起作用，矛盾和冲突，便周而复始，愈演愈烈，自己遇到的，不过是几个小火星。扶贫先扶志，贫穷和<br /> 愚昧是孪生兄弟，人的精神提升，往往于他本身存在的状况有关。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> “除了养驴，高家段村还有什么项目可以致富呢？投入不能太大，尤其要考虑到贫困户的劳动能力可以承受，我找了旗里的科技指导员，检测了村里的土质，得知适合种枣树。便发动爱心人士捐助，买回来一千五百棵枣树苗，每个贫苦户分给十棵，(其他人家每户五棵，长住户家家有份)，让他们在院子里种植。在广播通知以后，大家来取树苗了。所有的人都挑棵大叶多的树苗拿，随手便把小棵的四处乱扔，真不知道该说什么好，心里暗暗生气。一边告诉自己沉住气，一边收拾起被乱扔的小棵树苗，放到土坑里，给晚来的村民保存着，我想到了明年结果的时候，村民们就会发现有苗不愁长，树苗棵大棵小并不影响它们长成满枝硕果的大树，他们也会为今天的行为内疚。要么，在全村枣树都开花的时候，领着大家到各家看看，交流一下栽种枣树的经验，顺便提今天发树苗时一些人的行为，效果比现在直接训斥大家效果好……在村里工作，不能操之过急，不能期望一步迈进新时代。”林保森《一箩筐》。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> “贫困户张琢隋海英一家，生活困难到了没有办法坚持下去的程度，一直在为他们想办法， 给隋海英 安排了一个公益扫街岗位，每月收入七百八十元，后来想给他们家落实一个家庭养殖项目，发现投入太大，又探讨种地项目，要种不能种一般作物，那样收入太低，最后，从周边村子引进了种豆角的项目，可以获得相对丰厚的收入。但是隋海英家的地需要浇灌，没有电，拉电，需要贷款。知道隋海英两口子都是踏踏实实过日子的人，不会半途而废，于是通过关系找到农商银行的办公室主任，人家回答说由于种种原因，现在扶贫贷款还没有放，我找了行长，说明了种植季节不等人的情况，得到了特批，我帮着隋海英办了手续，拿到了贷款，又去电力公司，讲好价格，直到看着工人给他家地里安好了浇灌系统，看着他们夫妻种下的豆角一天天出苗结荚，接着又帮助他家吸收村民来摘豆角，这样既帮了他家的忙，又使摘豆角的村民每天有一百二十元的收入。看来种豆角是个值得推广的好选项，今年由于买豆角架竹竿，隋海英两口子到手现金不多，但是明年就好了，一是不用投入竹竿钱了，而是其他人家也要学她家种豆角，村里凑够五十亩，就有烘干厂来地里直接收购，不用费时费钱出去找买主了，想想，我都替他们家高兴……”林保森《新一箩筐》<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 我们在高家段村外的田地边等候到镇里办事的林保森。赤峰的十月下旬，已经下过了几场小雪，蔬菜已经罢园，地里的庄稼进了场院，大地呈现不同层次的暖色调，有一种油画般的美。他来了，个子不高，脸上带着温和微笑，略显腼腆，给人的感觉很随和。恰巧路旁是个贫困户夫妻开的五金及农机应用商店，小铺不大。老板夫妇不认识我们，见了林书记，立马热络起来，我们只得站住脚，听他们和林保森絮叨生意状况。村里人有什么话愿意跟第一书记唠，因为第一书记比较贴心。后来证明我的这个直觉没错。<br /> 进村，我要求到工作队的驻地看看，林保森说，欢迎，就是有点乱。我说看的就是乱。<br /> 扶贫攻坚驻村干部每天有一百元的生活补贴，用于伙食、住房、交通等等，算是基本够用。但是一般情况下，有三件事是花销比较多的，就是来回到旗里开会、东跑西颠为贫困户和村里张罗求助、自掏腰包帮助贫困户。所以驻村工作队的生活是很简朴的。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 高家段驻村工作队租用的是一户村民的旧房，带一个小院套，对面屋，中间部分用现在的话说算是个厅，厅里面被一个塑料拉门隔为厨房。我走进厨房，看到地上有两个大缸，一个装着新积的酸菜，一个装着刚刚腌下的芥菜疙瘩，都装得冒尖满，每个缸上都压着一块大石头。卧室里的炕是新盘的，一摸暖烘烘的。我说，你们还会积酸菜呀？林保森略带自豪地告诉我，我们哪里有这手艺，这都是上礼拜六，乡亲们帮着弄的，一来好几个人，七手八脚就搞定了，炕也是他们找来村里的盘炕老把式帮着重新盘的，老乡说，在外面忙乎一天，晚上睡个热炕，什么病乏都驱走了。<br /> 我说你们人缘不错呀？林保森说，现在好了，老乡们知道咱们是实心实意为他们来的，有感情了。<br /> 在厨房的外面，对面屋的中间，有一张办公桌，上面放着笔记本电脑和一些文具，庄重地摆放着一面国旗，一面党旗，鲜艳夺目，把整个环境都提亮了。这是林保森的第二个办公处。桌子面对的墙上，有一个全村扶贫进度一览表，按着时间和姓名，所有扶贫对象的收入状况，身体状况，亟待解决的问题，皆可以从上面查找到。<br /> 最吸睛是这张图上疏疏密密地的小贴士。哪一家需要解决的问题，都写在小贴士上，用大头针按在这一家的格子里。当我结束采访不久，收到了林保森发来的文件，写明了这些问题最终的办理结果。<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 一、高景林与朱荣仓一卡通问题。<br /> 因高景林与朱荣仓二人在系统里错误显示身份证号相同，所以近几年二人一卡通打卡各种补贴费用，都被打到其中一人卡上，高景林的卡上未收到任何款项，找了几次之后也没找明白，我到乡财政所，调取了他们帐号记录之后，请财政所长给他们进行了更改，把属于高景林的各种款项，转给了他本人，后续的账户变更问题，也相继给变更好了。 <br /> 二、岳珠祥对收入不认可不签字<br /> 我们测算收入的时候，他对自己家收入没有完全透明公开，而我们在测算中发现了这个问题，所以他对我们的测算结果，就是不签字，我当时说自己上他们家去做工作，没想到去了几次都做不通工作，在申明了相关政策法规之后，他才最终认可签字。 <br /> 三、钟爱臣与邻居家庭院经济纠纷 <br /> 这是我入村遇到的第一个问题，钟爱晨与邻居家因为地里的一条垄，打得不可开交，都说这条垄是自己家的，我们把他们找到一起，协调了很多次，要求他们双方各退一步，中间公共的一条垄，谁也不种，纠纷才算得以解决。<br /> 四、西靠山75号张宏礼因骨折花费3万多<br /> 已经为他申请临时救助。<br /> 五、罗殿君之女罗小丽煤补问题<br /> 罗殿君多次找到村部和驻地，说他女儿的煤补一直未发放，后来我到乡财政所给他调取了一卡通记录，其中显示煤补已经打到他家的一卡通，我把记录交给他，他才消除心中疑虑。<br /> <br /> <br /> === Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> 六、罗殿臣家房子问题<br /> 罗殿臣家本来就是土房，因为下雨外面墙皮脱落，西北墙角处有一个洞，漏雨漏风。因为他家是贫困户，我就联系乡政府和施工队，给他进行了免费维修。<br /> 七、高志辉孩子意外伤害住院问题<br /> 村民高志辉家孩子因为热水烫伤，没办任何手续就去了赤峰市医院，花销较大，我就主动帮他们联系了医保局，通过稽核股王股长为他们办理了报销手续。<br /> 八、毕武廷老人危改进行时<br /> 毕武廷老人的房子是危房，年久失修，我们做通她儿女的工作，子女出一部分资金，财政补贴一部分资金，为老人进行了危房改造，我当天到现场去的时候，施工人员正在施工。<br /> 九、张子斌与旗车检所事宜，好事，咨询是否能扩大范围。<br /> 车检所在我们村设立了一个扶贫岗位，确定了张子斌老人，我想和他们老板再沟通一下，看能不能增加名额，再解决一个岗位给贫困户，没办成 。<br /> 十、王翠花申请低保（张军母亲） <br /> 王翠花老人从天山镇搬回到村里居住，向我们申请低保。我从她嘴里得知杜红军家的姨妈，已经搬到他家，而且是瘫痪多年，需要重点关注。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> 十一、乡政府召开了关于小额信贷的会议。<br /> 给尤桂清上报，他老伴儿孟相如符合条件。<br /> 十二、张红新的孩子欲去天山幼儿园就读。<br /> 我为他家儿子联系了一所天山幼儿园上学的名额。<br /> 十三、张明国老爷子的社保卡<br /> 张明国老爷子七十多岁了，社保卡遗失，所有补贴都没办法支取，儿女都不在身边，他很着急，却没办法补办。他和我说完之后，我去了农商银行，我表明了高家段村第一书记身份，并且说明了老爷子的具体情况，工作人员很支持我们的扶贫工作，允许我替他代办了一张，当我把卡交给老爷子的时候，他特别感动。<br /> 十四、张臣的大病申请 <br /> 张臣老人因为患心脏病，我到医保局三次 ，医保局负责办理这事儿的董威，很热心地帮助我办理完所有手续。<br /> 十五、刘晓明家庭农场办理事宜，待出证。<br /> 我鼓励全村的种养大户注册家庭农场，享受政策补贴。只要他们申请，我全程负责办理， 我们村现已成功注册了四个家庭农场，其中刘晓明家庭农场是全旗第一个种植业家庭农场。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> 十六、胡占明老伴办残疾证问题<br /> 胡占明老伴常年卧床，现在办理残疾证需要当面审核，我咨询了残联对于卧床老人的政策，残联当时没有答复，后来告知，必须到医院进行鉴定，后来子女带老人进行了鉴定，为她办理了残疾人手续。<br /> 十七、毕晓光危墙很危险！<br /> 我们在村子里发现毕晓光家厢房外墙有坍塌危险，对于路过的人来说非常危险，于是找到他母亲通知他，催促其及时进行修复整改。<br /> 十八、陈术丰欲变更低保等级，待动态时，咨询。<br /> 陈术丰的妻子王广琴因患乳腺癌花销巨大，他申请提高低保等级，后来在低保动态调整时，我们向乡政府提出了申请，给他提高了级别。<br /> ……<br /> 在林保森驻村宿舍办公桌前墙壁上的表格上，诸如此类的小贴士还有很多，不胜枚举。值得说明的是，前面黑体字下面的那些楷体文字，是在我离开以后的半年内，他办好一件事，就注明的上去的。我算了一下账，如果这些小贴士上的每件事需要跑乡里、旗里三趟，那就需要五十多趟，如果他们每三天能办成一件事，那么他就操作五十多天，再加上常规性的调检查、回报、研究项目、接受上级考评等等诸多事情，可以一说他必须每天都要于时间赛跑。也可以换一种切入角，即我们随机点击一下表格上的某一天，都会发现林保森的那一天很忙，无疑在与时间赛跑，他交给自己的任务很繁重，他的每一天都很辛苦，也很充实。<br /> <br /> ==== Part 18 ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 林保森说，是紧张点，但是不累，只有快乐。他在他的驻村手记《新一箩筐》中这样写道：<br /> “张子林说他家的樱桃熟了，折了一大枝给我送来了，上面挂满了鲜红的大樱桃……” <br /> “在村部门口遇到宁善明家的大娘，她在专门等我，说她家的李子熟了，要我去摘……”<br /> “某日，下班回到宿舍，发现窗台上整齐地摆放着许多蔬菜，茄子辣椒和豆角，不知道是哪位乡亲送来的……”<br /> 　 现在林保森感到自己已经成为了这个村庄里的一员，每天和这里的乡亲们看着新出土的秧苗喜悦，也和他们一起期盼着金秋的丰收。剔透的蓝天，凛冽的绿风，都让他眷恋无比。早上，一轮红日露出半边笑脸，他就起来了，看看这家的驴，看看那家的菜畦，看看五保户家的烟筒是否飘出了炊烟，然后才洗漱，吃饭。他说自己很享受早饭时光，——把饭端到院子里的小桌上，不知道谁家的小狗就来了，一只，两只，三只，在他脚前等着他喂食，看着小狗们香香地吃着，他站起来收拾碗筷，一回身，见一只大野鸡，正立在院墙上，看着那些散落的食物，那墨绿色的羽毛和大红的鸡冠子，在太阳下一闪一闪的，真好看。</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Chinese_Language_and_Culture_Fall_2022&diff=148154 Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022 2022-10-15T09:11:54Z <p>Li Hong: /* List of session topics */</p> <hr /> <div><br /> == Headline text ==<br /> Welcome to our MA course [[Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022]]. The shortlink for this course homepage is: https://bit.ly/LCFALL2022 . Friday 19:00-21:40 Ole Döring, Cord Eberspächer, Martin Woesler, first two meetings will be online (https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/G5AyUV10B0XA, #腾讯会议：531-816-070, shortlink for VooV session is: https://bit.ly/LangCult2022), Classroom from October 14 onwards (starts Sep 30, weeks 1-16), Fall term 2022. Class will meet in room 515 of the Rising Dragon building and begin at 19:00 hours on Fridays.<br /> <br /> Quick link to homework pages - here the link will be available soon. For a sample of last term, please have a look here: [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] <br /> <br /> Quick link to final paper - here the link will be available soon. For a sample of last term, please have a look here: [[20220630_Culture|2022 LIST OF FINAL PAPERS]]<br /> <br /> =Before the class starts=<br /> <br /> Note: This class is taught two sessions online, then in presence and again online by Martin Woesler (first online, later in presence), Ole Döring (mostly in presence), Cord Eberspächer (online). The class language is English, however, some explanations in Chinese will be given.<br /> <br /> 1. Please read the terms of Use: By registering for this Wiki, you give your consent that your data (name, study no., study direction, email, technical data of your device, ip address etc.) and your contributions to class (homework, translations, presentations, handouts, final exam papers etc.) is stored for grading, and academic use (teaching and ANONYMIZED for research). You explicitely agree that your contributions can be used by the teacher under his name, e.g. for publication, for improvement of teaching material etc. After reading, please take this quiz to show your understanding of basic concepts of translation and of data usage: http://bit.ly/Eval-01 .<br /> <br /> 2. Our teaching assistant is Chen Ye. She should send a student roll to the teacher and enter all grades from homework and quizzes and those she receives from the teacher into the roll to be kept with the teacher. 1 wiki administrator and 5 survey assistants. If we have more than 100 students, we need 2 teaching assistants. All of them will get extra points for their &quot;performance in class&quot; grade. After registration (see point 3 beneath), please write your names here directly behind the role (e.g. &quot;teaching assistant - Lei Feng&quot;). To change anything on the wiki, please see point 3 beneath.<br /> <br /> 3. Please register on this Wiki. From any place you can register following this link: https://bit.ly/WIKIREG (if the shortlink does not work, you can also follow the long link: https://bou.de/u/wiki/Special:RequestAccount ). If you are already here, click on &quot;register&quot; on the top right corner, and then on &quot;request one&quot;. Then please register with your real name in Pinyin (with blank space between the family name and the given name) for the two names (username and real name), so two times &quot;Lei Feng&quot; and &quot;Lei Feng&quot;. Please check the box that you agree to the Terms and Conditions. Then type in the password &quot;wikicaptcha&quot; and click on &quot;submit&quot;. You will receive a confirmation email with a link. You can click on the link, confirm your identity and create a password. Then you need to wait 1-2 days until the teacher grants you access. You will receive another email when it will work. With the access to this wiki, you can directly edit everything, including this page. If you want to learn how to edit on Wiki, please read here: [uvu:Community_Portal] After editing, you will be asked for a password to save changes, this time the password is &quot;wikicaptcha&quot;.<br /> <br /> 4. Please register on the WeChat Group of this class. The WeChat Group will be created by the Teaching Assistant. Please make sure to display your name in the group with the following details: &quot;Lei Feng 雷锋 20级 笔译&quot;.<br /> <br /> 5. For communication on things in presence (presentation etc.) please add the teacher in presence good_old_cathay to your WeChat contacts. If you like, you can also add the online teacher to your contacts.<br /> <br /> 6. Please take the EU survey here: http://bit.ly/EU-SURVEY.<br /> <br /> 7. You need to work a lot on this wiki platform, for example upload your power point presentation, write your name behind the topic you want to do a power point presentation, write your topic for the final exam paper (should be a new chapter in the text book), do your translation homework here etc. &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;Whenever you click on &quot;Save&quot; to save your edit, you will be asked for a password, please input the password '''wikicaptcha'''.&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> Here a summary of the most important parts in Chinese:<br /> <br /> https://bou.de/u/wiki/Chinese_Language_and_Culture_Fall_2022<br /> （短一点的是 https://bou.de/u/ ，然后按我们课的链接）. 我们的课程还需要六位同学分别做网站管理员（1位）和调查助手（5位），期末可以得到一定加分，请有意向的同学在今天晚上六点前私聊我。请大家尽快完成以下课程前准备：<br /> http://bit.ly/Eval-01 完成此测验<br /> https://bit.ly/WIKIREG 请在此维基网站上注册，用户名和真实姓名都请填写自己姓名的拼音，像&quot;Li Xin&quot;和&quot;Li Xin&quot;，密码填wikicaptcha，收到邮件确认身份后等待老师通过<br /> 完成欧盟调查问卷 http://bit.ly/EU-SURVEY<br /> 注：有的链接可能要用vpn才能进<br /> <br /> We have chosen:<br /> *'''Zhang Yuyan @张玉燕, Liu Yingchen@刘映辰  ，Huang Anan @黄安安, Zhang Yingwen @章颖雯 , He Pei@贺沛 , He Mo @何茉 serve as survey assistants''' - Manual for Survey Assistants: https://bou.de/u/wiki/Survey_Assistant<br /> *'''Wu Jialin @巫佳琳 serves as the Wiki Admin''' - Manual for Wiki Admins: https://bou.de/u/wiki/Wiki_admin<br /> *'''Chen Ye @陈烨  serves as the teaching assistant''' - Manual for Teaching Assistants: https://bou.de/u/wiki/Teaching_assistant<br /> <br /> =First Session Fri Sep 30, 2022 19:00-20:40 - Organizational Things=<br /> ==Teacher presentation==<br /> [[Media:01_Chin_Lang_Cult_Fall_2022_Intro.pptx|Introductory presentation by M. Woesler]] with self introduction of Ole Döring, Cord Eberspächer, Martin Woesler<br /> <br /> ==Duties in Class==<br /> 1. Please come to class prepared. This means please read the book chapter, search for more information about the topic online and learn the vocabulary related to the topic for each session in advance. It is much more benefetial for yourself and for the others. Also the discussions in class then can be conducted on a much more sophisticated level. Please reserve at least two hours of preparation for each session. The link will be added here soon. For a sample of last term, please look here: [[Media:Chinese Language and Culture Fall 2022 TEXTBOOK.docx]]<br /> <br /> 2. Please do your homework seriously every week and submit it in wiki 3 days before the class starts and the corrections of your fellow student's homework 1 day before the class starts. The link will be added here soon. For a sample of last term, please look here: [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]]<br /> <br /> 3. Please participate actively in class. This means for each session: Please ask at least one question or participate with at least one contribution in the discussion.<br /> <br /> 4. Please select the topic for the presentation you will do in class already until session 2 (if we have more students than sessions, then build groups of two - one doing presentation, one a written handout on the same topic). Please remember to upload and link your presentation and your handout here on this website a week ahead to enable your fellow students to prepare it. Please pick from the following list by adding your name behind any of the topics: The link will be added here soon. For a sample of last term, please look here: [[LANG2022 LIST OF TOPICS]] - This is the same list as the LIST OF PRESENTATIONS and the LIST OF SESSION TOPICS.<br /> <br /> 5. Please select a topic of your final exam paper (5,000 English words) until session 2. Please pick from the following list by adding your name behind any of the topics: The link will be added here soon. For a sample of last term, please look here: [[LANG2022 LIST OF FINAL EXAM PAPERS]]<br /> <br /> ==Joint agreement on use of time inside and outside the classroom==<br /> Since it does not make sense to come together in the classroom and then jointly start reading the primary or secondary literature, please read the texts before class so that we can save the precious classroom time for a well informed discussion about the texts.<br /> <br /> ==Joint agreement on weight of grades==<br /> *Final Exam paper: 70 percent<br /> *Performance in class: 30 percent (consisting out of oral contributions/participation, 1 presentation or handout per term, participation in surveys and quizzes, homework) - this grade gets extra points if you take over additional duties like survey assistants.<br /> <br /> Note: Grades may take months to be entered into the grade system, since sometimes there are more than 100 students and the teachers want to pay respect to each student and read their final exam paper carefully.<br /> <br /> =Session 2 on October 7, 2022 7-8:40 pm online VooV: ORGANIZATIONAL THINGS=<br /> In this session, Martin Woesler will introduce you to all the organizational things, like student roll, student assistants, homework, preparation for next session, textbook, preparation of final exam paper etc.<br /> <br /> ==Student roll==<br /> These students are in class:<br /> <br /> 202270081625 白婷 Bai Ting 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081703 蔡思 Cai Si 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081627 陈婧 Chen Jing 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081628 陈淑敏 Chen Shumin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081629 陈思阳 Chen Siyang 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081683 陈彦希 Chen Yanxi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081630 陈烨 Chen Ye 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081631 丁粤 Ding Yue 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081632 付静 Fu Jing 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081633 高燕 Gao Yan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081634 关娜 Guan Na 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081685 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081704 何茉 He Mo 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081708 贺沛 He Pei 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081686 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081687 胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081688 黄安安 Huang Anan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081689 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081635 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081636 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081639 李心田 Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081643 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081644 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081693 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081645 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081694 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081710 鲁思 Lu Si 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081711 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081705 马明宇 Ma Mingyu 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081646 彭琦 Peng Qi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081647 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081651 覃诗雅 Qin Shiya 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081648 卿子晔 Qing Ziye 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081684 仇绪 Qiu Xu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081649 全永慧 Quan Yonghui 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081650 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081695 疏珊 Shu Shan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081696 王芳玲 Wang Fangling 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081652 王纪龙 Wang Jilong 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081697 王露 Wang Lu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081653 王琪 Wang Qi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081706 汪世博 Wang Shibo 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081654 王雅姝 Wang Yashu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081655 王植碧 Wang Zhibi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081656 王智灵 Wang Zhiling 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081698 吴博涵 Wu Bohan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081659 伍超穎 Wu Chaoying 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081658 吴敏 Wu Min 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081657 巫佳琳 Wu Jialin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081707 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081660 席书涵 Xi Shuhan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081661 夏盼 Xia Pan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081699 夏依颐 Xia Yiyi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081662 夏紫纯 Xia Zichun 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081663 向明慧 Xiang Minghui 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081664 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081665 肖娜 Xiao Na 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081666 肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081667 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081668 谢茜敏 Xie Ximin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081669 谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081670 谢紫佳 Xie Zijia 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081671 熊丹 Xiong Dan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081700 徐思禹 Xu Siyu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081672 颜琦 Yan Qi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081673 杨思吟 Yang Siyin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081674 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081712 余海铭 Yu Haiming 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081626 曾晨 Zeng Chen 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081675 张海珊 Zhang Haishan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081676 张珂珂 Zhang Keke 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081677 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081678 张思诗 Zhang Sishi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081679 张婷 Zhang Ting 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081680 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081701 章颖雯 Zhang Yingwen 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081681 张玉燕 Zhang Yuyan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081682 周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081702 周子豪 Zhou Zihao 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081713 庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> ==List of session topics==<br /> <br /> Ole Doering<br /> <br /> Session 3, Oct 14, 2022    Written Language: Chinese Culture of History Writing<br /> <br /> Oct 14, 2022    The Influence of Traditional Chinese Philosophy in Contemporary Times （Quan Yonghui 全永慧）<br /> <br /> Oct 14, 2022 Confucian Teaching Thoughts (Wang Shibo 汪世博 Wu Xiaoli 伍晓莉)<br /> <br /> Oct 14, 2022 Eco-awareness in Traditional Chinese Culture （ppt：Zeng Chen 曾晨）<br /> <br /> Session 4, Oct 21, 2022 Rhetorics in China Qi Yixin<br /> <br /> Oct 21, 2022    Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy (Wang Fangling 王芳玲)<br /> <br /> Oct 21, 2022    Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters （Wang Jilong 王纪龙 Xia Pan夏盼）<br /> <br /> Oct 21, 2022    Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts (Yang Siyin)<br /> <br /> Session 5, Oct 28, 2022    Study on The translation Strategies of Chinese Idioms (Liu Yaqin 刘雅琴)(Zhang Ting张婷)<br /> <br /> Oct 28, 2022    Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales (Huang Shuwei) (Quan Yonghui)<br /> <br /> Oct 28, 2022    The Various Schools of Thought and Their Exponents During the Period from Pre-Qin Times(ppt:Chen Jing 陈婧）<br /> <br /> Oct 28, 2022    Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Mythology （Shu Shan）（Lu Si）<br /> <br /> Session 6, Nov 04, 2022    Translation: Written Translation from and into Chinese（Zhang Haishan 张海珊, Wang Zhibi 王植碧)<br /> <br /> Nov 04, 2022    A Brief Analysis of the Influence of Artificial Intelligence on Translators （Ding Yue 丁粤，Xiao Jiayu 1）<br /> <br /> Nov 04, 2022    Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song (Li Keyi)(Li Yan)<br /> <br /> Nov 04, 2022    Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty (Li Ziyu 李梓玉， Ren Manman任嫚嫚)<br /> <br /> Martin Woesler    <br /> <br /> Session 7, Nov 11, 2022    Global Impact of Chinese Language（Peng Qi,Zhang Qiwei）<br /> <br /> Nov 04, 2022    Global Impact of Chinese Culture (Xia Yiyi 夏依颐， Liu Yuqing 刘雨晴)<br /> <br /> Nov 04, 2022    Language: How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages) （Xiao Zhelin，Li Jiajun）<br /> <br /> Nov 04, 2022    Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy(Xiao Na; Yang Xiwei 杨晰微)<br /> <br /> Session 8, Nov 18, 2022    Translation and Dissemination of Chinese Contemporary Science Fiction （Liu Yingchen）（Jiang Yulu 姜雨露）<br /> <br /> Nov 18, 2022    Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China Chen Shumin 陈淑敏 Qin Shiya覃诗雅<br /> <br /> Nov 18, 2022    Translation: Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese (ppt: Wu Bohan 吴博涵)<br /> <br /> Nov 18, 2022    Translation: Artificial Intelligence in Translation(ppt: Hou Yongfen) (Yu Haiming余海铭)<br /> <br /> Session 9, Nov 25, 2022    Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language (e.g. Tang poetry) (Wang Yashu王雅姝 Lu Yuqin<br /> <br /> Nov 25, 2022    Culture and Prejudice (ppt Xu Siyu徐思禹)<br /> <br /> Nov 25, 2022    Filter Bubbles in China: Horizon-widening or -narrowing? (ppt: Zhou Zihao, Qiu Xu)<br /> <br /> Nov 25, 2022    Europeanized Chinese and Cultural Factors Behind it (ppt: Zhou Xiaolan)<br /> <br /> Session 10, Dec 02，2022    Marriage Culture in China (Xiang Minghui向明慧Jiang Zhengjun蒋正君)<br /> <br /> Dec 02，2022    Literature: Contemporary Literature谢茜敏 LiWeiyao<br /> <br /> Dec 02，2022    Spreading Chinese culture in teaching Chinese as a second language (ppt: Chen Yanxi 陈彦希)<br /> <br /> Dec 02，2022    Artificially Intelligent Communication in China (Qing Ziye; Wu Min ;)<br /> <br /> Cord Eberspächer    <br /> <br /> Session 11, Dec 09，2022    Movies: Chinese Movies （Liang Xinlu, Zhang Sishi）<br /> <br /> Dec 09，2022    Globalization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning (Xi Shuhan席书涵，Wang Qi)<br /> <br /> Dec 09，2022    Globalization: The Westernization Movement(Yan Qi)（Ma Mingyu 马明宇）<br /> <br /> Dec 09，2022    Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.) (ppt: Hu Xinyi 胡欣怡) (Zhuang Haokang 庄昊康)<br /> <br /> Session 12, Dec 16，2022    Ancient Chinese Values Handed Down Until Today(Liu Congling 刘丛领：Xia Zichun 夏紫纯 ) <br /> <br /> Dec 16，2022    Interpreting Chinese and Western Language Humor（Liu Tingting 刘婷婷 Gao Yan 高燕）<br /> <br /> Dec 16，2022    Ancient Chinese Civilization--the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City (Bai Ting白婷；Wu Chaoying伍超穎）<br /> <br /> Dec 16，2022    Chinese Writing: Ancient Writing and Painting Tool, Writing Brush (ppt: Li Xintian, Xie Jiayu)<br /> <br /> Session 13, Dec 23，2022    Minority Languages in China （Liu Jiayu刘佳玉， Liao Lujia廖璐佳）<br /> <br /> Dec 23，2022    On Gender Discrimination in Chinese (Li Hong李鸿，Xiong Dan熊丹) <br /> <br /> Dec 23，2022    Language: Chinese Dialects （ppt: Xie Zhouzhou ppt: Zhang Keke张珂珂)<br /> <br /> Dec 23，2022    Language: Chinese Folk Argot （Fu Jing 付静）(Zhang Wenqi)<br /> <br /> Session 14, Dec 30，2022    Chinese Panda Diplomacy (ppt: Guan Na 关娜，Cai Si蔡思)<br /> <br /> Dec 30，2022    Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声(Wang Lu, Hao Tianyu )<br /> <br /> Dec 30，2022    Written Language: The Craft of Seal-cutting （Wang Zhiling 王智灵）<br /> <br /> Dec 30，2022    Chinese Baijiu Culture（Chen Siyang、Xie Zijia）<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 2 for Session 3==<br /> 1. Please take the quiz at http://bit.ly/Eval-01<br /> <br /> 2. Please prepare the 4 texts for session 3 by reading them, learning the terms, taking the quiz to answer the questions all before class.<br /> <br /> 3. Please select from the list of topics the topic you want to do a power point presentation on. In case all topics are taken, you can only write a script for an interactive podium discussion which you can perform with a fellow student or you can engage the audience in an interactive performance. Please mention not just your name, but also which form of presentation you will perform (ppt, podium discussion, interactive game etc.) behind the topic at the list of topics.<br /> <br /> 4. Please think of a new topic for the final exam paper. It can be a cultural or language phenomenon and should be like the other chapters in the text book. You can start to write the paper now. Please make sure to choose a topic which is actually a cultural phenomenon (e.g. 'Panda' is not a cultural phenomenon, but an animal) or a language phenomenon.<br /> <br /> List of Final Exam Papers (please do not write more than 2-3 pages, don't forget terms and questions at the end)<br /> *Topic 1, student name<br /> *Topic 2, student name<br /> *Topic 3, student name<br /> *Topic 4, student name<br /> *Topic 5, student name<br /> <br /> 5. Do the small translation homework distributed by the Wiki Admin, see beneath:<br /> <br /> ===Translation homework for session 3===<br /> *Topic 6, student name<br /> <br /> https://bou.de/u/wiki/Book_projects#CNPIEC_ZH-EN<br /> <br /> 202270081625 白婷 Bai Ting 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081703 蔡思 Cai Si 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081627 陈婧 Chen Jing 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081628 陈淑敏 Chen Shumin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081629 陈思阳 Chen Siyang 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081683 陈彦希 Chen Yanxi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081630 陈烨 Chen Ye 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081631 丁粤 Ding Yue 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081632 付静 Fu Jing 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081633 高燕 Gao Yan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081634 关娜 Guan Na 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081685 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081704 何茉 He Mo 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081708 贺沛 He Pei 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081686 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081687 胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081688 黄安安 Huang Anan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081689 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081635 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081636 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270021709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081639 李心田 Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081643 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081644 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081693 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081645 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081694 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081710 鲁思 Lu Si 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081711 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081705 马明宇 Ma Mingyu 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081646 彭琦 Peng Qi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081647 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081651 覃诗雅 Qin Shiya 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081648 卿子晔 Qing Ziye 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081684 仇绪 Qiu Xu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081649 全永慧 Quan Yonghui 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081650 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081695 疏珊 Shu Shan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081696 王芳玲 Wang Fangling 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081652 王纪龙 Wang Jilong 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081697 王露 Wang Lu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081653 王琪 Wang Qi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081706 汪世博 Wang Shibo 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081654 王雅姝 Wang Yashu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081655 王植碧 Wang Zhibi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081656 王智灵 Wang Zhiling 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081698 吴博涵 Wu Bohan 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081659 伍超穎 Wu Chaoying 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081658 吴敏 Wu Min 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081657 巫佳琳 Wu Jialin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081707 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli 日语笔译(Japanese translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081660 席书涵 Xi Shuhan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081661 夏盼 Xia Pan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081699 夏依颐 Xia Yiyi 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081662 夏紫纯 Xia Zichun 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081663 向明慧 Xiang Minghui 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081664 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081665 肖娜 Xiao Na 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081666 肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081667 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081668 谢茜敏 Xie Ximin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081669 谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081670 谢紫佳 Xie Zijia 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081671 熊丹 Xiong Dan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081700 徐思禹 Xu Siyu 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081672 颜琦 Yan Qi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081673 杨思吟 Yang Siyin 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081674 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081712 余海铭 Yu Haiming 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081626 曾晨 Zeng Chen 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081675 张海珊 Zhang Haishan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081676 张珂珂 Zhang Keke 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081677 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081678 张思诗 Zhang Sishi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081679 张婷 Zhang Ting 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081680 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081701 章颖雯 Zhang Yingwen 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081681 张玉燕 Zhang Yuyan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081682 周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan 英语笔译(English translation)<br /> <br /> 202270081702 周子豪 Zhou Zihao 英语口译(English interpretation)<br /> <br /> 202270081713 庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)<br /> <br /> =Session 3 by Ole Doering on Oct 14, 2022=<br /> <br /> Ole Doering<br /> <br /> *Written Language: Chinese Culture of History Writing<br /> <br /> *The Influence of Traditional Chinese Philosophy in Contemporary Times<br /> <br /> *Confucian Teaching Thoughts <br /> <br /> *Eco-awareness in Traditional Chinese Culture<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 2 for Session 3: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[Homework of session 2 ]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: The Influence of Traditional Chinese Philosophy in Contemporary Times P704<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/wFPHp99.aspx#]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Confucian Teaching Thoughts P978<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/rpWEPPj.aspx# ]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Eco-awareness in Traditional Chinese Culture P991<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/Q0dN6ee.aspx# ]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Oct.14.xlsx]]<br /> <br /> =Session 4 by Ole Doering on Oct 21, 2022=<br /> <br /> Ole Doering<br /> <br /> *Rhetorics in China<br /> <br /> *Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy<br /> <br /> *Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters <br /> <br /> *Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts<br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 3 for Session 4: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> <br /> *Translation Homework [[Homework of session 3 ]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Rhetorics in China P<br /> *Take a quiz [[]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy P<br /> *Take a quiz [[ ]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters P<br /> *Take a quiz [[]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:]]<br /> <br /> =FROM HERE ON UNTIL THE END OF THE WEBPAGE, YOU ONLY FIND A COPY OF LAST TERM'S COURSE AS A SAMPLE AND A REFERENCE, NOT FOR ACTUAL USE=<br /> You can use this sample for example to find the links for existing quizzes on certain topics. The survey assistants then can save work and use an existing quiz by adding the link under the respective homework session above. For the survey assistants: Please create all quizzes during the first week, so that all links for the whole term will already be listed on this webpage under each session.<br /> <br /> '''Session Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 2 2 Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales 71%<br /> <br /> 2 5 Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Mythology 67%<br /> <br /> 2 7 Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China 65%<br /> <br /> 3 17 Language: Chinese Language 57%<br /> <br /> 3 4 Language: Chinese Dialects 70%<br /> <br /> 3 16 Minority Languages in China 58%<br /> <br /> 3 13 Language: Chinese Folk Argot 61%<br /> <br /> 4 1 Movies: Chinese Movies 73%<br /> <br /> 5 8 Song: Celadon and the Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 64%<br /> <br /> 5 18 Song: Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan 57%<br /> <br /> 5 12 Social Media: Douyin (Tik Tok) 61%<br /> <br /> 6 14 Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China 60%<br /> <br /> 6 15 Literature: Ancient literature: Classical Literature 58%<br /> <br /> 6 22 Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 55%<br /> <br /> 6 34 Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas 53% <br /> <br /> 7 3 Global Impact of Chinese Culture 70%<br /> <br /> 7 6 Global Impact of Chinese Language 66%<br /> <br /> 8 25 Translation: Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese 55%<br /> <br /> 8 28 Translation: Written Translation from and into Chinese 54%<br /> <br /> 8 37 Translation: Artificial Intelligence in Translation 52%<br /> <br /> 9 35 Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 53%<br /> <br /> 9 9 Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 64%<br /> <br /> 9 21 Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 56%<br /> <br /> 9 32 Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations 53%<br /> <br /> 9 11 Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 63%<br /> <br /> 10 19 Language: How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages) 57%<br /> <br /> 10 24 Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.) 55%<br /> <br /> 10 30 Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language (e.g. Tang poetry) 54%<br /> <br /> 10 39 Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China 51%<br /> <br /> 11 10 Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 63%<br /> <br /> 12 26 Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 54%<br /> <br /> 12 36 Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 53% <br /> <br /> 12 33 Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 53%<br /> <br /> 13 20 Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 56%<br /> <br /> 13 23 Literature: Modern Literature 55%<br /> <br /> 13 29 Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 54%<br /> <br /> 13 40 Literature: Contemporary Literature 50%<br /> <br /> 14 38 Opera: Peking Opera 52%<br /> <br /> 14 41 Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 50% <br /> <br /> 14 42 Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 50%<br /> <br /> 15 27 Globalization: The Westernization Movement 54%<br /> <br /> 15 31 Globalization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 53%<br /> <br /> --[11:57, 7 October 2022 (UTC)==Session Topics==<br /> Ranking list of students' votes (only top ranked topics):<br /> <br /> 1 Movies: Chinese Movies 73% Xiao Jiali 肖佳莉 杨心怡 Yang Xinyi 张静芝 Zhang Jingzhi 刘乐乐Liu Lele<br /> <br /> 2 Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales 71% 刘瑶, Mahzad Sadat Heydarian<br /> <br /> 3 Global Impact of Chinese Culture 70% 夏晶 Xia Jing 胡梦琪 Hu Mengqi 仝雨梦 Tong Yumeng 曹梦然 Cao Mengran<br /> <br /> 4 Language: Chinese Dialects 70% 肖冬晴 Xiao Dongqing<br /> <br /> 5 Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Mythology 67% 刘双英 Liu Shuangying <br /> <br /> 6 Global Impact of Chinese Language 66% 王思佳Wang Sijia 刘安莉Liu Anli 徐文慧Xu Wenhui Akira Jantarat<br /> <br /> 7 Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China 65% 马艳焕<br /> <br /> 8 Song: Celadon and the Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 64% 孙丽君<br /> <br /> 9 Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 64% 伍佳惠 Wu Jiahui<br /> <br /> 10 Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 63% 高智慧<br /> <br /> 11 Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 63%王亚娟Wang Yajuan<br /> <br /> 12 Social Media: Douyin (Tik Tok) 61% 向望 Xiang Wang<br /> <br /> 13 Language: Chinese Folk Argot 61% 时友洁 Shiyoujie<br /> <br /> 14 Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China 60% 黄琼 Huang Qiong<br /> <br /> 15 Literature: Ancient literature: Classical Literature 58%杨紫微Yang Ziwei<br /> <br /> 16 Minority Languages in China 58% 张国浩 Zhang Guohao 罗姚林 Luo Yaolin 赵宇翔 Zhao Yuxiang 胡良明 Hu Liangming 李思源Li Siyuan<br /> <br /> 17 Language: Chinese Language 57%龙翰良<br /> <br /> 18 Song: Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan 57% 彭慧璇 Peng Huixuan<br /> <br /> 19 Language: How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages) 57% 颜媛 Yan Yuan 李欣Lixin 黎溢佳 Li Yijia 聂薇 Nie Wei 徐舞 Xu Wu<br /> <br /> 20 Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 56% 陈路瑶 Chen Luyao<br /> <br /> 21 Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 56% 向师琦 Xiang Shiqi <br /> <br /> <br /> 22 Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 55% 曹姣 Cao Jiao <br /> <br /> 23 Literature: Modern Literature 55% 兰绮 Lan Qi<br /> <br /> 24 Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.) 55% 庹树梅 Tuo Shumei 李颖Li Ying 王思琪 Wang Siqi卞王倩 Bian Wangqian<br /> <br /> 25 Translation: Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese 55% 李立飞 Li Lifei 方楚晗 Fang Chuhan 胡雯雯 Hu Wenwen<br /> <br /> 26 Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 54%。 李丹 Li Dan<br /> <br /> 27 Globalization: The Westernization Movement 54% 黄天琪 Huang Tianqi<br /> <br /> 28 Translation: Written Translation from and into Chinese 54％ 段小蝶 Duan Xiaodie 朱丽娟 Zhu Lijuan 钟青 Zhong Qing 周哲 Zhou Zhe<br /> <br /> 29 Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 54% 刘婷 Liu Ting<br /> <br /> 30 Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language (e.g. Tang poetry) 54% 廖诗韵 Liao Shiyun 刘唱 Liu Chang 李媛 Li Yuan 邝雨琪 Kuang Yuqi <br /> <br /> 31 Globalization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 53% 莫雨婷Mo Yuting<br /> <br /> 32 Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations 53%张姣玲 Zhang<br /> Jiaoling<br /> <br /> 33 Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 53% 刘珍 Liu Zhen 徐盖 Xu Gai<br /> <br /> 34 Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas 53% 何丽娜 He Lina<br /> <br /> 35 Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 53% 张瑞 Zhang Rui<br /> <br /> 36 Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 53% Cui Xiao fan崔晓凡 <br /> <br /> 37 Translation: Artificial Intelligence in Translation 52 Tong Lüeya 童略雅 李思敏 Li Simin 张旻丰 Zhang Minfeng 邓阳林 Deng Yanglin<br /> <br /> 38 Opera: Peking Opera 52%谢晓莹 Xie Xiaoying<br /> <br /> 39 Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China 51% 梁思婷 Liang Siting 周皓熙 Zhou Haoxi<br /> 李梓婕Li Zijie 张白鹭 Zhang Bailu<br /> <br /> 40 Literature: Contemporary Literature 50% 李婷Li Ting <br /> <br /> 41 Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 50% 郑冬琴 Zheng Dongqin<br /> <br /> 42 Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 50%熊嘉玲 Xiong Jia ling<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Session Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 2 2 Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales 71%<br /> <br /> 2 5 Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Mythology 67%<br /> <br /> 2 7 Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China 65%<br /> <br /> 3 17 Language: Chinese Language 57%<br /> <br /> 3 4 Language: Chinese Dialects 70%<br /> <br /> 3 16 Minority Languages in China 58%<br /> <br /> 3 13 Language: Chinese Folk Argot 61%<br /> <br /> 4 1 Movies: Chinese Movies 73%<br /> <br /> 5 8 Song: Celadon and the Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 64%<br /> <br /> 5 18 Song: Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan 57%<br /> <br /> 5 12 Social Media: Douyin (Tik Tok) 61%<br /> <br /> 6 14 Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China 60%<br /> <br /> 6 15 Literature: Ancient literature: Classical Literature 58%<br /> <br /> 6 22 Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 55%<br /> <br /> 6 34 Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas 53% <br /> <br /> 7 3 Global Impact of Chinese Culture 70%<br /> <br /> 7 6 Global Impact of Chinese Language 66%<br /> <br /> 8 25 Translation: Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese 55%<br /> <br /> 8 28 Translation: Written Translation from and into Chinese 54%<br /> <br /> 8 37 Translation: Artificial Intelligence in Translation 52%<br /> <br /> 9 35 Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 53%<br /> <br /> 9 9 Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 64%<br /> <br /> 9 21 Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 56%<br /> <br /> 9 32 Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations 53%<br /> <br /> 9 11 Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 63%<br /> <br /> 10 19 Language: How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages) 57%<br /> <br /> 10 24 Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.) 55%<br /> <br /> 10 30 Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language (e.g. Tang poetry) 54%<br /> <br /> 10 39 Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China 51%<br /> <br /> 11 10 Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 63%<br /> <br /> 12 26 Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 54%<br /> <br /> 12 36 Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 53%<br /> <br /> 12 33 Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 53%<br /> <br /> 13 20 Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 56%<br /> <br /> 13 23 Literature: Modern Literature 55%<br /> <br /> 13 29 Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 54%<br /> <br /> 13 40 Literature: Contemporary Literature 50%<br /> <br /> 14 38 Opera: Peking Opera 52%<br /> <br /> 14 41 Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 50% <br /> <br /> 14 42 Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 50%<br /> <br /> 15 27 Globalization: The Westernization Movement 54%<br /> <br /> 15 31 Globalization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 53%<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 1 for Session 2==<br /> 1. Please select a topic you want to give a 5-minute ppt presentation on. You can reserve your topic by writing your name behind the topic in the respective section of the Sessions beneath (not above). Please note: If there is no textbook text for the topic, we need 2 more students for this topic, 1 to prepare a textbook text and the 2nd student to write the &quot;terms&quot;, &quot;references&quot;, &quot;questions&quot; and (please submit to teacher and student assistant): &quot;answers&quot;. Please make sure to post the text and appendix at least 1 week ahead of time under the session beneath. Please make sure to send the quiz questions at least 1 week ahead of time to the survey students that they can make a quiz and send the quiz answers at least 1 week ahead of time to the teaching assistant, so that she can grade the quizzes.<br /> <br /> 2. Please translate a short passage from Hongloumeng from Chinese to English. Please make sure to translate the names by meaning, never with Pinyin.[[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]]<br /> <br /> 3. Please correct the translation of your fellow student above you in the list.<br /> <br /> 4. Please prepare all texts for the next session and take the quiz on these texts before the next session starts.<br /> <br /> 5. If you have not yet done so, please add the biographical info on yourself on your wiki homepage. You can find your wiki homepage by typing directly into you browser: https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Wang_Jianguo - of course Wang Jianguo is just a sample name, you would have to replace it with your own username and exchange the space by an understroke.<br /> <br /> Special homework for Wiki Admin: Please set up all homework texts and websites and link them in all sessions beneath. Please set up dummy links for ppt upload. <br /> <br /> Special homework for Survey Students: Please set up quizzes for all topics on wjx.org, students need to indicate their name and student id. Please paste the link to the quiz here under the respective session and topic beneath. Please tell the teaching assistant the correct answers to the quizzes, so that the teaching assistant can transfer the grades from the quizzes into the student role grade table.<br /> <br /> Please complete the following quizzes before Wednesday 18:00.<br /> <br /> Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales https://ks.wjx.top/vj/hpDneAP.aspx<br /> <br /> Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Mythology https://ks.wjx.top/vj/wzkFzr4.aspx<br /> <br /> Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China https://ks.wjx.top/vj/YsCoF1A.aspx<br /> <br /> Special homework for Teaching Assistant: Please write a grade for each student into the student roll grade list. A student who has done the homework (without Pinyin) gets 100 percent for this, a student who has done the correction of a homework of his fellow student gets another 100 percent. A student who has presented a ppt, written a textbook text or a textbook text appendix gets another 100 percent.<br /> <br /> =Session 2, Fri March 4, 2022 - Fairy Tales and Mythology=<br /> ==Results from the voting: Todays topics are Fairy Tales, Mythology and Folk Stories==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 2 Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales 71% <br /> <br /> 5 Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Mythology 67%<br /> <br /> 7 Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China 65%<br /> ==Preparation from Session 1 for Session 2: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220225_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/hpDneAP.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Mythology<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/wzkFzr4.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/YsCoF1A.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Feb. 25.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on Feb. 25]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 2: Teacher and student presentations on Fairy Tales and Mythology==<br /> ===Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales===<br /> [[Media:Fairy_Tales_2022.pptx|Please download this pptx on Fairy_Tales. 2022 created by]] 刘瑶 Liu Yao / Mahzad Heydarian<br /> ===Literature: Ancient literature: Chinese Mythology===<br /> [[Media:03 Chinese Mythology.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on 03 Chinese Mythology]] created by 刘双英 Liu Shuangying<br /> <br /> ===Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China===<br /> [[Media:Four_Folk_Stories_2022.pptx|Please download this pptx on Four_Folk_Stories_2022 created by ]] 马艳焕 Ma Yanhuan<br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ===Teacher Presentation for Session 2===<br /> [[Media:02_Chin_Lang_Cult_Fairy_Tales.pptx]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====How to use Wiki====<br /> [[Zhang Mingfeng is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 2 for Session 3==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topic &quot;Language: Chinese Language；Language: Chinese Dialect；Language: Minority Languages in China；Language: Chinese Folk Argot&quot; by the link here https://ks.wjx.top/vj/esBiVy1.aspx<br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220304_culture]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220304_culture]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> *A Language: Chinese Language<br /> *B Language: Chinese Dialect<br /> *C Language: Minority Languages in China<br /> *D Language: Chinese Folk Argot<br /> <br /> ==Session 3, Mar. 11: Language==<br /> ===Teacher Presentation for Session 3===<br /> [[Media:03_Chin_Lang_Cult_Language.pptx]]<br /> <br /> [[Zhang Mingfeng is going to add the contents here as in Session 2]]<br /> <br /> ==Student presentation on 4 topics==<br /> ===Language: Chinese Language===<br /> [[Media:Chinese Language.pptx|Please download this pptx on Chinese Language created by]] 龙翰良 Long Hanliang<br /> ===Language: Chinese Dialect ===<br /> [[Media:Chinese_Dialect.pptx|Please download this pptx on Chinese_Dialect created by]] 肖冬晴Xiao Dongqing<br /> ===Language: Minority Languages in China===<br /> [[Media:Minority Languages in China.pptx|Please download this pptx on Minority Languages in China created by]] 张国浩 Zhang Guohao 罗姚林 Luo Yaolin 赵宇翔 Zhao Yuxiang 胡良明 Hu Liangming 李思源 Li Siyuan<br /> ===Language: Chinese Folk Argot===<br /> [[Media:Chinese Folk Agrot.pptx|Please download this pptx on Chinese Folk Agrot created by]] 时友洁 Shi Youjie<br /> <br /> ==Teacher Comments on Powerpoints and gives grades==<br /> ==Teacher checks selected homeworks and comments on it==<br /> ==Homework of Session 3 for Session 4==<br /> ===Preview===<br /> *Read the following text in the textbook<br /> .Movies: Chinese Movies<br /> ===Quiz===<br /> As a preparation for this session, you have all taken the quiz to show that you have learned the texts： https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rhELxAb.aspx <br /> The grades for the quiz results are: *handout [[Media:Grades of Quiz on March 11th.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on March 11th]]<br /> ===Translation===<br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation<br /> <br /> ==Topics for today==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 17 Language: Chinese Language 57%<br /> <br /> 4 Language: Chinese Dialects 70%<br /> <br /> 16 Minority Languages in China 58%<br /> <br /> 13 Language: Chinese Folk Argot 61%<br /> ==Student presentations for download==<br /> Please link your powerpoints here.<br /> <br /> ==Teacher Presentation for Session 3==<br /> [[Media:03_Chin_Lang_Cult_Language.pptx]]<br /> <br /> =Session 4, March 18, Chinese movies=<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 1 Movies: Chinese Movies 73% Xiao Jiali 肖佳莉 杨心怡 Yang Xinyi 张静芝 Zhang Jingzhi 刘乐乐Liu Lele<br /> <br /> 分工：张静芝和肖佳莉:PPT；presentation 杨心怡和刘乐乐：textbook<br /> <br /> ===Student presentation on 1 topic===<br /> Chinese Movies<br /> ===Chinese Movies===<br /> [[Media:Chinese Movies.pptx|Please download this pptx on Chinese Movies created by]] 肖佳莉 Xiao Jiali 杨心怡 Yang Xinyi 张静芝 Zhang Jingzhi 刘乐乐Liu Lele<br /> ==Teacher Presentation on Chinese movies for Session 4==<br /> [[Media:04_Chin_Lang_Cult_Movies.pptx]]<br /> ==Teacher checks selected homeworks and comments on it==<br /> ==Homework of Session 4 for Session 5==<br /> ===Preview===<br /> *Read the following text in the textbook<br /> Song: Celadon and the Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词<br /> <br /> Song: Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan<br /> <br /> Social Media: Douyin (Tik Tok)<br /> ===Quiz===<br /> As a preparation for this session, you have all taken the quiz https://ks.wjx.top/vj/QxeARxS.aspx to show that you have learned the texts： <br /> The grades for the quiz results are: *handout [[Media:Grades of Quiz on March 18th.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on March 18th]]<br /> ===Translation===<br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation<br /> <br /> =Session 5, Fri March 25, 2022 - Celadon and the Celadon Song, Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan, Douyin (Tik Tok)=<br /> ==Results from the voting: Todays topics are Fairy Tales, Mythology and Folk Stories==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 8 Song: Celadon and the Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 64% 孙丽君<br /> <br /> 18 Song: Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan 57% 彭慧璇 Peng Huixuan<br /> <br /> 12 Social Media: Douyin (Tik Tok) 61% 向望 Xiang Wang<br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 4 for Session 5: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220318_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Song: Celadon and the Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/QxeARxS.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Song: Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan<br /> *Take a quiz [ https://ks.wjx.top/vj/QxeARxS.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Social Media: Douyin (Tik Tok)<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/QxeARxS.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Mar. 25.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on Mar. 25]]<br /> ==Teacher presentation on Songs for Session 5==<br /> [[Media:05_Chin_Lang_Cult_Songs.pptx]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 5: Teacher and student presentations on Fairy Tales and Mythology==<br /> === Song: Celadon and the Celadon Song ===<br /> [[Media:Celadon and the Celadon Song.pptx|Please download this pptx on Celadon and the Celadon Song created by]] 孙丽君 Sun Lijun<br /> <br /> === Song: Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan ===<br /> [[Media: Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Marriage Accompanying Songs in Hunan]] created by 彭慧璇 Peng Huixuan<br /> <br /> === Social Media: Douyin (Tik Tok) ===<br /> [[Media: Douyin (Tik Tok).pptx|Please download this pptx on Douyin (Tik Tok) created by ]] 向望 Xiang Wang<br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ====Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 5 for Session 6==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here<br /> Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China; <br /> Literature: Ancient literature: Classical Literature; <br /> Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China; <br /> Literature: AncientThe Classic of Mountains and Seas <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> * Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China<br /> * Literature: Ancient literature: Classical Literature<br /> * Literature: Ancient Literature - Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations<br /> * Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas<br /> <br /> =Session 6, Fri Apr 1, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 14 Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China 60% 黄琼 Huang Qiong<br /> <br /> 15 Literature: Ancient literature: Classical Literature 58%杨紫微Yang Ziwei<br /> <br /> 32 Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations 53%张姣玲 Zhang Jiaoling<br /> <br /> 34 Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas 53% 何丽娜 He Lina<br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 5 for Session 6: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220325_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rUPwuxt.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Ancient literature: Classical Literature<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rUPwuxt.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rUPwuxt.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 4===<br /> *What you need to read: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rUPwuxt.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Apr 1.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on Apr.1]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 6: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China ===<br /> [[Media: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China.pptx|Please download this pptx on Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China created by]] 黄琼 Huang Qiong<br /> === Ancient literature: Classical Literature ===<br /> [[Media:Classical Literature.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Classical Literature]] created by 杨紫微Yang Ziwei<br /> <br /> === Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations ===<br /> [[Media:Premodern_literature-Li_Bai's_“The_River-Merchant's_Wife-_A_Letter”_and_its_translations.pptx|Please download this pptx on Premodern literature-Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations created by ]] 张姣玲 Zhang Jiaoling<br /> <br /> === Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas ===<br /> [[Media:The Classic of Mountains and Seas.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on The Classic of Mountains and Seas]] created by 何丽娜 He Lina<br /> <br /> ===Teacher presentation for session 6===<br /> [[Media:06_Premodern_Chinese_Literature.pptx]]<br /> <br /> ===Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 6 for Session 7==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here<br /> <br /> 3 Global Impact of Chinese Culture 70%<br /> <br /> 6 Global Impact of Chinese Language 66%<br /> <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> * 3 Global Impact of Chinese Culture 70%<br /> * 6 Global Impact of Chinese Language 66%<br /> <br /> =Session 7, Fri Apr 8, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 3 Global Impact of Chinese Culture 70%<br /> <br /> 6 Global Impact of Chinese Language 66%<br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 6 for Session 7: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220401_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Global Impact of Chinese Culture<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/QcfS5Sb.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Global Impact of Chinese Language<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/QcfS5Sb.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Apr 1.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on Apr.8]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 7: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Global Impact of Chinese Culture ===<br /> *[[Media:Global Impact of Chinese Culture.pptx|Please download this pptx on Global Impact of Chinese Culture]] created by 夏晶 Xia Jing <br /> <br /> *[[Textbook text on Global Impact of Chinese Culture]] 仝雨梦 Tong Yumeng <br /> [[Global Impact of Chinese Culture 2022]]<br /> <br /> *[[Questions and Answers, Terms and Expressions, Quiz. Textbook text on Global Impact of Chinese Culture]] 曹梦然 Cao Mengran<br /> <br /> *[[Media:Handout with Literature Review on Global Impact of Chinese Culture.docx|Handout with Literature Review on Global Impact of Chinese Culture]] 胡梦琪 Hu Mengqi<br /> <br /> === Global Impact of Chinese Language ===<br /> [[Media: Global Impact of Chinese Language.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Global Impact of Chinese Language]] created by 王思佳Wang Sijia 刘安莉Liu Anli 徐文慧Xu Wenhui Akira Jantarat<br /> <br /> 分工：<br /> Akira:PPT/presentation<br /> * [[Media:Literature Review.docx|Literature Review]] by 徐文慧：Literature Rieview<br /> 王思佳：quiz<br /> 刘安莉：textbook<br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ====Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 7 for Session 8==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here<br /> <br /> 25 Translation: Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese 55%<br /> 28 Translation: Written Translation from and into Chinese 54%<br /> 37 Translation: Artificial Intelligence in Translation 52%<br /> <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> * Translation: Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese 55%<br /> * Translation: Written Translation from and into Chinese 54%<br /> * Translation: Artificial Intelligence in Translation 52%<br /> <br /> =Session 8, Fri Apr 15, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> * Translation: Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese 55% <br /> <br /> * Translation: Written Translation from and into Chinese 54% <br /> <br /> * Translation: Artificial Intelligence in Translation 52% <br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 7 for Session 8: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220408_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Translation: Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/hUytnVZ.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Translation: Written Translation from and into Chinese<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/hUytnVZ.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Translation: Artificial Intelligence in Translation<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/hUytnVZ.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Apr 1.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on Apr.8]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 8: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese ===<br /> [[Media:Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese.pptx|Please download this pptx on Oral Interpreting from and into Chinese]] created by 李立飞 Li Lifei 方楚晗 Fang Chuhan 胡雯雯 Hu Wenwen<br /> <br /> === Written Translation from and into Chinese ===<br /> [[Media:Written Translation from and into Chinese.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Written Translation from and into Chinese]] created by 段小蝶 Duan Xiaodie 朱丽娟 Zhu Lijuan 钟青 Zhong Qing 周哲 Zhou Zhe<br /> <br /> === Artificial Intelligence in Translation ===<br /> [[Media:Artificial Intelligence in Translation.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Artificial Intelligence in Translation]] created by 童略雅 Tong Lüeya 李思敏 Li Simin 张旻丰 Zhang Minfeng 邓阳林 Deng Yanglin<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ====Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> ==Homework of Session 8 for Session 9==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here<br /> 35 Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 53%<br /> 9 Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 64%<br /> 21 Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 56%<br /> 22 Literature: Premodern literature - Su Shi<br /> 11 Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 63%<br /> <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> <br /> 35 Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 53% 张瑞 Zhang Rui<br /> <br /> 9 Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 64% 伍佳惠 Wu Jiahui<br /> <br /> 21 Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 56% 向师琦 Xiang Shiqi<br /> <br /> 22 Literature: Premodern literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 曹姣 Cao Jiao<br /> <br /> 11 Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 63% 王亚娟Wang Yajuan<br /> <br /> =Session 9, Fri Apr 21, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 35 Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 53%<br /> <br /> 9 Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 64%<br /> <br /> 21 Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 56%<br /> <br /> 22 Literature: Premodern literature -Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China <br /> <br /> 11 Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 63% <br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 8 for Session 9: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220415_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature:Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/mNgWIN6.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/mNgWIN6.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/mNgWIN6.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 4===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Premodern literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/mNgWIN6.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 5===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vm/mNgWIN6.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Apr 1.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on Apr.8]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 9: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty ===<br /> [[Media:Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty.pptx|Please download this pptx on Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty]]created by 张瑞 Zhang Rui<br /> <br /> === Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio ===<br /> [[Media:Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio]] created by 伍佳惠 Wu Jiahui<br /> <br /> === Premodern literature:Tang-Song ===<br /> [[Media:Premodern literature of Tang and Song.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Premodern literature ofTang and Song]] created by 向师琦 Xiang Shiqi<br /> <br /> === Premodern literature:Take Su Shi as an example.Relegation Literature in Ancient China ===<br /> [[Media: Premodern literature.Take Su Shi as an example.Relegation Literature in Ancient China.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Premodern literature.Take Su Shi as an example.Relegation Literature in Ancient China]] created by 曹姣 Cao Jiao<br /> <br /> ===China's Four Great Classical Novels ===<br /> [[Media:China's Four Great Classical Novels.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on China's Four Great Classical Novels]] created by 王亚娟Wang Yajuan<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ====Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> ==Homework of Session 9 for Session 10==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here<br /> 19 Language: How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages) 57%<br /> 24 Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.) 55%<br /> 30 Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language (e.g. Tang poetry) 54%<br /> 39 Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China 51%<br /> <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> *19 Language: How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages) 57% 颜媛 Yan Yuan 李欣Lixin 黎溢佳 Li Yijia 聂薇 Nie Wei 徐舞 Xu Wu<br /> <br /> *24 Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.) 55% 庹树梅 Tuo Shumei 李颖Li Ying 王思琪 Wang Siqi卞王倩 Bian Wangqian<br /> <br /> *30 Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language (e.g. Tang poetry) 54% 廖诗韵 Liao Shiyun 刘唱 Liu Chang 李媛 Li Yuan 邝雨琪 Kuang Yuqi<br /> <br /> *39 Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China 51% 梁思婷 Liang Siting 周皓熙 Zhou Haoxi 李梓婕Li Zijie 张白鹭 Zhang Bailu<br /> <br /> =Session 10, Fri Apr 28, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 19 Language: How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages) 57%<br /> <br /> 24 Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.) 55%<br /> <br /> 30 Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language (e.g. Tang poetry) 54%<br /> <br /> 39 Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China 51%<br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 9 for Session 10: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220421_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Language: How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages)<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/wfWszxk.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.)<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/wfWszxk.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/wfWszxk.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 4===<br /> *What you need to read: Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/wfWszxk.aspx]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Apr 1.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on Apr.21st]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 10: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === How the language shapes the mind (comparison with other languages) ===<br /> [[Media:How the Language Shapes the Mind.pptx|Please download this pptx on How the Language Shapes the Mind]] created by 黎溢佳 Li Yijia 徐舞 Xu Wu<br /> <br /> [[Media:Literature Review of how the language shapes the mind.docx|Literature Review of how the language shapes the mind]] by 李欣Lixin<br /> <br /> [[Media:Text Book of how the language shapes the mind.pdf|Text Book of how the language shapes the mind]] by 颜媛 Yan Yuan 聂薇 Nie Wei<br /> <br /> === Language Styles (official, formal, written, colloquial, slang, sociolects, dialects, regionalects etc.) ===<br /> [[Media: Language Styles.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Language Styles]] created by 李颖Li Ying (part 1-3) 庹树梅 Tuo Shumei (part 4-5)<br /> <br /> [[Media:Text Book of Language Styles.docx|Text Book of Language Styles]] by 卞王倩 Bian Wangqian (part 1-3) 王思琪 Wang Siqi (part 4-5)<br /> <br /> === Language: Ambiguity of Chinese Language (e.g. Tang poetry)===<br /> [[Media: Ambiguity of Chinese Language.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Ambiguity of Chinese Language]] created by 邝雨琪 Kuang Yuqi （Part 1-2) 刘唱 Liu Chang (part3-4)<br /> <br /> [[Media:Text Book of Ambiguity of Chinese Language.pdf|Text Book of Ambiguity of Chinese Language]] by 廖诗韵 Liao Shiyun 李媛 Li Yuan<br /> <br /> === Language: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China===<br /> [[Media: Rhethorics and Propaganda in China.pptx|Plesae download this pptx on Rhethorics and Propaganda in China]] created by 梁思婷 Liang Siting (part 1) 李梓婕Li Zijie (part 2)<br /> <br /> [[Media:Textbook of Rhethorics and Propaganda in China.docx|Textbook of Rhethorics and Propaganda in China]] by 周皓熙 Zhou Haoxi (part 1) 张白鹭 Zhang Bailu (part 2)<br /> <br /> ===Teacher presentation for session 10===<br /> [[Media:10_Chinese_Language.pptx]]<br /> <br /> =Session 11, May 5, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 10 Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 63% <br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 10 for Session 11: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220421_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Stage entertainment: Crosstalk <br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/hPnklri.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on Apr 28.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on Apr.28]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 11: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Stage Entertainment: Crosstalk ===<br /> [[Media:Stage Entertainment Crosstalk.pptx|Please download this pptx on Stage Entertainment Crosstalk]] created by 高智慧 Gao Zhihui<br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ====Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 11 for Session 12==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here<br /> <br /> 26 Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 54%<br /> <br /> 36 Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 53%<br /> <br /> 33 Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 53%<br /> <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> <br /> 26 Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 54% 李丹 Li Dan<br /> <br /> 36 Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 53% 崔晓凡 Cui Xiao fan<br /> <br /> 33 Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 53% 刘珍 Liu Zhen 徐盖 Xu Gai<br /> <br /> =Session 12, May 12, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 26 Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 54%<br /> <br /> 36 Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 53%<br /> <br /> 33 Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 53%<br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 11 for Session 12: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220505_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rWckO8w.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Chinese Writing: Calligraphy<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rWckO8w.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rWckO8w.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz Grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on May 5th.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on May 5th]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 12: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters ===<br /> [[Media:Chinese Writing Chinese Characters.pptx|Please download this pptx on Chinese Writing Chinese Characters]] created by 李丹 Li Dan<br /> <br /> === Chinese Writing: Calligraphy ===<br /> [[Media:Calligraphy.pptx|Please download this pptx on Calligraphy]] created by 崔晓凡 Cui Xiao fan<br /> <br /> === Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets ===<br /> [[Media:Spring Festival Couplets.pptx|Please download this pptx on Spring Festival Couplets]] created by 刘珍 Liu Zhen 徐盖 Xu Gai<br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ====Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 11 for Session 12==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here<br /> <br /> 20 Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 56%<br /> 23 Literature: Modern Literature 55%<br /> 29 Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 54%<br /> 40 Literature: Contemporary Literature 50%<br /> <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> <br /> *20 Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 56% 陈路瑶 Chen Luyao<br /> *23 Literature: Modern Literature 55% 兰绮 Lan Qi<br /> *29 Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 54% 刘婷 Liu Ting<br /> *40 Literature: Contemporary Literature 50% 李婷Li Ting<br /> <br /> =Session 13, May 19, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 20 Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 56%<br /> <br /> 23 Literature: Modern Literature 55%<br /> <br /> 29 Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 54%<br /> <br /> 40 Literature: Contemporary Literature 50%<br /> <br /> ==Preparation from Session 12 for Session 13: translation homework, correction homework, quizzes==<br /> *Translation Homework [[https://bou.de/u/wiki/20220512_culture]]<br /> ===Topic 1===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu)<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/tWpB9rc.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 2===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Modern Literature<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/tWpB9rc.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 3===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rWKcCN2.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Topic 4===<br /> *What you need to read: Literature: Contemporary Literature<br /> *Take a quiz [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rWKcCN2.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on May.19.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on May.19]]<br /> <br /> ==Session 13: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) ===<br /> [[Media:Modern Literature Qian Zhongshu.pptx|Please download this pptx on Modern Literature Qian Zhongshu]] created by 陈路瑶 Chen Luyao<br /> <br /> === Literature: Modern Literature ===<br /> [[Media:Literature of Modern Literature.pptx|Please download this pptx on Literature of Modern Literature]] created by 兰绮 Lan Qi<br /> <br /> === Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy ===<br /> [[Media:Literature and Science Fiction and Fantasy.pptx|Please download this pptx on Literature and Science Fiction and Fantasy]] created by 刘婷 Liu Ting<br /> <br /> === Literature: Contemporary Literature ===<br /> [[Media:Literature of Contemporary Literature.pptx|Please download this pptx on Literature of Contemporary Literature]] created by 李婷Li Ting<br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ====Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 13 for Session 14==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here<br /> <br /> 38 Opera: Peking Opera<br /> <br /> 41 Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang <br /> <br /> 42 Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) <br /> <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation [[Zhang Minfeng is gong to add link here]]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> <br /> 38 Opera: Peking Opera 52% 谢晓莹 Xie Xiaoying<br /> <br /> 41 Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 50% 郑冬琴 Zheng Dongqin<br /> <br /> 42 Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 50% 熊嘉玲 Xiong Jia ling<br /> <br /> =Session 14, May 26, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 38 Opera: Peking Opera 52% 谢晓莹 Xie Xiaoying<br /> <br /> 41 Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 50% 郑冬琴 Zheng Dongqin<br /> <br /> 42 Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 50% 熊嘉玲 Xiong Jia ling<br /> <br /> ==Session 14: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Opera: Peking Opera ===<br /> [[Media:Peking Opera.pptx|Please download this pptx on Peking Opera]] created by 谢晓莹 Xie Xiaoying<br /> <br /> === Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang ===<br /> [[Media:Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang.pptx|Please download this pptx on Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang]] created by 郑冬琴 Zheng Dongqin<br /> <br /> === Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) ===<br /> [[Media:Hunan Flower drum Opera.pptx|Please download this pptx on Hunan Flower drum Opera]] created by 熊嘉玲 Xiong Jia ling<br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ====Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 13 for Session 14==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here [[https://ks.wjx.top/vj/rL2cDH7.aspx]]<br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on May.26.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on May.26]]<br /> <br /> ==Homework for students presenting next session==<br /> The following students prepare the following presentations:<br /> <br /> 27 Globalization: The Westernization Movement 54% 黄天琪 Huang Tianqi <br /> <br /> 31 Globalization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 53% 莫雨婷Mo Yuting<br /> <br /> =Session 15, June 2nd, 2022 =<br /> ==Results from the voting: ==<br /> '''Rank Topic Percent'''<br /> <br /> 27 Globalization: The Westernization Movement 54% 黄天琪 Huang Tianqi <br /> <br /> 31 Globalization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 53% 莫雨婷Mo Yuting<br /> <br /> ==Session 15: Teacher and student presentations ==<br /> === Globalization: The Westernization Movement ===<br /> [[Media:The Westernization Movement.pptx|Please download this pptx on The Westernization Movement]] created by 黄天琪 Huang Tianqi <br /> <br /> === Globalization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning ===<br /> [[Media:The Eastward Spread of Western Learning.pptx|Please download this pptx on The Eastward Spread of Western Learning]] created by 莫雨婷Mo Yuting<br /> <br /> ===Teacher input===<br /> ===Presentation===<br /> [[Martin is going to mention the direct link here]]<br /> ====Comments on Powerpoints, grading====<br /> ====Feedback on Homework====<br /> <br /> ==Homework of Session 14 for Session 15==<br /> *Read the following texts in the textbook <br /> *Translate your part of the Hongloumeng here [[2022 LIST OF HOMEWORKS]] (please do not use Pinyin but meaning for the translation of names)<br /> *Correct your fellow students translation <br /> *Answer the quizzes to the topics below by the link here <br /> <br /> ===Quiz grades===<br /> [[Media:Grades of Quiz on June 2nd.xlsx|Grades of Quiz on June 2nd]]<br /> <br /> ==Final Exam Paper (deadline June &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;, 2021)==<br /> The final exam paper makes 70% of the total grade. You can start to write your paper now. Fellow students are allowed and encouraged to correct your mistakes.<br /> <br /> Please write a new chapter (approximately 5,000 English characters/letters) in the course book, explaining an element of Chinese culture. Please use the structure you know from the textbook: Text (please make paragraphs no longer than 3 sentences. Please indicate at least 1 reference per paragraph), Terms (English and Chinese), Questions (multiple choice, please also provide the answers), References<br /> <br /> You can write your final exam paper here [[20220630_Culture|2022 LIST OF FINAL PAPERS]]<br /> <br /> =2nd Session Fri Mar 4, 2022 ...=<br /> <br /> =3rd Session Fri Mar 11, 2022 ...=<br /> <br /> =Sample of the website from last year's course=<br /> Quicklinks: [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal#Frequently_asked_questions_FAQ FAQ] [https://bou.de/u/wiki/uvu:Community_Portal Manual] [[Chinese_Language_and_Culture_2022|Course Homepage (this page)]]. [[Joint_translation_terms|Joint translation terms]] Homework [[20210303_culture|1, Mar 3 Chapters 1-4]], [[20210310_culture|2, Mar 10 Chapters 6-7]], [[20210317_culture|3, Mar 17 Chapters 11-13]], [[20210324_culture|4, Mar 24 Chapters 15-17]], [[20210331_culture|5, Mar 31 Chapters 4-7]], [[20210407_culture|6, Apr 7 Chapters 8-10]], [[20210414_culture|7, Apr 14 Chapters 13-15]] , [[20210421_culture|8, Apr 21 Chapters 17-19]] (这是5.19的作业）[[20210526_culture|13, May 26 Chapters 17-20]][[20210602_culture|14, June 2 Chapters 21-23]] etc. [[20210601_culture|Final Exam &lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;extended deadline June 15&lt;/span&gt;]]<br /> <br /> Welcome to our course website '''Chinese Language and Culture 2022'''. Whenever you visit this site, please see if there is anything in English not yet translated into Chinese and make a Chinese translation beneath (one paragraph English, one paragraph Chinese). Any correction or improvement of earlier translations is welcome!<br /> <br /> 欢迎访问我们'''中国文化基础'''网页。…………--[[User:Root|Root]] ([[User talk:Root|talk]]) 07:43, 28 September 2020 (UTC)<br /> <br /> =Organizational Things=<br /> *Please register for the Course Wiki.<br /> *Please prepare each session during the week before, so that you come prepared to class.<br /> ==Description of Homework==<br /> *Our website admin student is Zhu Renduo.<br /> ===Regular students===<br /> 1. Please read and prepare all the texts for the next textbook unit.<br /> <br /> 2. Please go to the homework page and translate the short passage of the Dream of the Red Chamber into English. Do not forget to sign by typing - - ~ ~ ~ ~ (without spaces) at the end.<br /> <br /> Then please help your fellow students to correct and improve their translations. Do not forget to sign by typing - - ~ ~ ~ ~ (without spaces) at the end.<br /> <br /> 3. Once in the semester, you give a presentation on a topic of the textbook. Please do not just repeat the content, but say something from the perspective of a translator: What problems do you encounter when translating the textbook text or when translating texts of this topic. One student can do a presentation, the other can do a handout. Both contributions are graded separately.<br /> <br /> ===Website Admin student===<br /> Thank you for helping to watch the Wiki website! Please make sure that it looks nice (formatting, especially if a fellow students makes a mess by putting the wrong format etc., should not look to crowded, so make sub-websites for homework etc.). <br /> <br /> ===Online Survey students===<br /> There will be several online surveys conducted throughout the semester. <br /> Please fill in the first survey after session 1: http://bit.ly/EU-SURVEY<br /> Please fill in the 2nd quiz (to show that you have read the texts for session 2) before session 2.<br /> <br /> ==Edits==<br /> Every student is required to edit something every week. This can be:<br /> * Translate a pragraph from English to Chinese.<br /> * Correct an earlier translation of your fellow student beneath.<br /> * Prepare an article (please link to from this page) and/or a powerpoint (please upload here) on a topic you will present during the semester.<br /> * Prepare the final exam paper as early as possible by writing a chapter for a book on &quot;History of Translations&quot;, &quot;History of Translation Theories&quot;, &quot;Machine translation - A challenge or a chance for human translators?&quot;, &quot;Culture loaded words&quot;, &quot;The cultural turn in Translation History&quot;...<br /> <br /> ==Material==<br /> The coursebook will be provided to you in the WeChat Group.<br /> <br /> Please rate the 127 topics on http://shijiehanxue.mikecrm.com/uysEi5J or http://bit.ly/rate_topics (you can only rate once). We will select the top 45 topics and deal with 3 topics per week/session.<br /> <br /> '''Results of the Rating'''<br /> &lt;table style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse;width:500pt&quot; width=&quot;450&quot;<br /> cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; border=&quot;1&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl65&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;width:62pt&quot; width=&quot;83&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;Order&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl65&quot; style=&quot;border-left:none;width:62pt&quot;<br /> width=&quot;83&quot;&gt;Date&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl66&quot; style=&quot;border-left:none;width:508pt&quot;<br /> width=&quot;677&quot;&gt;Topic&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl65&quot; style=&quot;border-left:none;width:62pt&quot;<br /> width=&quot;83&quot;&gt;Chapter&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl65&quot; style=&quot;border-left:none;width:44pt&quot;<br /> width=&quot;58&quot;&gt;Points&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl67&quot; style=&quot;border-left:none;width:44pt&quot;<br /> width=&quot;58&quot;&gt;Popularity&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;10.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Beverages:<br /> Milk Tea&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;21&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;474&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;79%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;2&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;10.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional<br /> Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines in China&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;28&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;468&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;78%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;10.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Beverages:<br /> Tea&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;20&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;451&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;75%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;4&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;17.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Architecture:<br /> <br /> Architecture and Gardens, The Forbidden City&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-spacerun:yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;36&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;433&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;72%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;5&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;17.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional<br /> Festivals&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;432&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;72%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;6&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;17.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;108&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;427&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;71%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;7&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;24.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional<br /> Cuisine: Four Distinct Regional Cuisines&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;24&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;423&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;71%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;8&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;24.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Education: Historical Figures, The Four Talented Women of Ancient China&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;119&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;417&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;70%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;9&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;24.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional Cuisine: Two Famous Dishes&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;26&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;415&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;69%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;10&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;31.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Aesthetic<br /> ideals and social customs: Chinese Marriage Customs&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;110&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;409&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;68%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;11&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;31.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Music and instruments: Pipa&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;95&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;406&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;68%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;12&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;31.03.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;25&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;404&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;67%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;13&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;07.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Silk<br /> and porcelain: Celadon and Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;31&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;401&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;67%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;14&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;07.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional Cuisine: Chinese Dining Etiquette&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:FR;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;FR&quot;&gt;23&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;396&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;66%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;15&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;07.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;98&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;395&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;66%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;16&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;14.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Garden<br /> Culture: The Summer Palace&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;41&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;385&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;64%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;17&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;14.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-spacerun:yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;106&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;384&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;64%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;18&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;14.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;99&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;383&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;64%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;19&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;21.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Architecture&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;35&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;377&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;63%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;20&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;21.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Music and instruments: Guzheng&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;94&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;375&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;63%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;21&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;21.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Astrology: Twelve Animals of the Chinese Zodiac&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;71&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;372&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;62%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;22&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;28.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Ancient<br /> literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;49&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;371&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;62%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;23&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;28.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Ancient literature: Chinese Classical Fairy Tales&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;50&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;369&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;62%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;24&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;28.04.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese language: Chinese Dialects&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;368&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;61%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;25&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;08.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Animals:<br /> Panda&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;128&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;366&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;61%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;26&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;08.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Facial Make-up: Face Changing in Sichuan Opera&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;97&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;365&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;61%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;27&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;08.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Mythology: Huli-jing&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;73&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;364&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;61%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;28&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;12.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional Crafts: Folk Art - Chinese Paper-cutting&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;19&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;364&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;61%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;29&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;12.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Science and Technology: Douyin (Tik Tok)&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;362&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;60%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;30&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;12.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese clothing / interieur: Chinese clothing&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;112&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;361&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;60%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;31&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;19.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Facial Make-up&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;96&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;360&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;60%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;32&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;19.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;22&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;357&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;60%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;33&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;19.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Premodern literature: Tang and Song (2 texts)&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;51&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;357&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;60%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;34&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;26.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Medicine: The Development of Chinese Medicine&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;68&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;356&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;59%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;35&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;26.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Modern and Contemporary Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien<br /> Chung-shu)&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;56&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;349&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;58%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;36&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;26.05.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Body movement performance: Traditional Chinese Dance&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;103&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;346&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;58%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;37&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;02.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Astrology: Calendar, The 24 Solar Terms&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;72&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;346&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;58%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;38&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;02.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Stage entertainment: Shadow Play&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;344&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;57%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;39&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;02.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Astrology: Chinese Astrology&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;70&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;338&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;56%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;40&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;09.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;336&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;56%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;41&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;09.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Landscapes and tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;122&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;333&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;56%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;42&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;09.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional Crafts: Carving&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;17&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;326&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;54%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;16.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Landscapes and tourism: Tourism, Nanjing-An Ancient Capital of Six Dynasties&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;126&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;319&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;53%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;44&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;16.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;42&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;317&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;53%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;45&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl69&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;16.06.2021&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional<br /> Crafts: Handcraft - Chinese Knots&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;18&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;317&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;53%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;46&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Fine Arts: Painting&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;32&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;316&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;53%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;47&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese clothing / interieur: Cheongsam&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;113&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;312&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;52%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;48&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zhang Qian and the Silk Road&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;89&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;309&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;52%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;49&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Money culture: Currency, Jiaozi (A Paper Currency in Northern Song<br /> Dynasty)&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;105&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;308&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;51%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;50&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Beijing Opera: Actor Mei Lanfang&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;61&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;306&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;51%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;51&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Education: Ancient Chinese Education&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;116&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;305&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;51%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;52&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese language&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;44&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;304&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;51%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;53&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional Crafts: Embroidery&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;14&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;304&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;51%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;54&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Mythology: Gods and Immortals&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;74&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;303&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;51%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;55&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Writing: Calligraphy&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;11&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;302&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;50%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;56&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Landscapes and tourism: The Ancient Tea Horse Road&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;123&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;300&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;50%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;57&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;299&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;50%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;58&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Premodern literature: Li Bai's 李白 《长干行》 and its translations&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;297&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;50%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;59&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese Medicine: Acupuncture and Moxibustion&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;67&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;296&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;49%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;60&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Silk and porcelain: Silk&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;296&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;49%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;61&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;294&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;49%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;62&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Stage entertainment: Chinese cinema (dramas and movies) and its popularity and affection in Vietnam&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;101&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;294&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;49%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;63&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Games: Go 围棋&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun:yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;107&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;291&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;49%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;64&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Premodern<br /> literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;54&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;289&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;48%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;65&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Religions: Daoism&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;76&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;288&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;48%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;66&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Science and Technology: Ancient Science and Technology&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;286&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;48%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;67&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Architecture:<br /> Bridges&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;39&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;284&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;47%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;68&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Education:<br /> Yuelu Academy (One of the Four Most Prestigious Academies)&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;117&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;283&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;47%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;69&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Landscapes<br /> and tourism: Mogao Grottoes&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;124&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;283&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;47%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;70&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He and the Maritime Silk<br /> Road&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;90&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;283&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;47%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;71&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Ancient<br /> literature: Classical Literature&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;46&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;281&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;47%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;72&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Army<br /> and weapons: Chinese Ancient Weapons&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;121&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;281&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;47%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;73&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Aesthetic<br /> ideals and social customs: Habits, Ways of Contacting&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;109&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;279&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;47%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;74&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Architecture:<br /> Three Great Towers in China&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;38&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;275&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;46%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;75&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Fine<br /> Arts: Seal-cutting&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;33&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;275&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;46%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;76&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Silk<br /> Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He's Voyages&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;91&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;275&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;46%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;77&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Garden<br /> Culture: Gardens&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;40&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;274&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;46%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;78&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese<br /> Medicine: Diagnosis and Pharmacology&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;66&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;273&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;46%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;79&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Beijing<br /> Opera&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;272&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;45%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;80&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese<br /> Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;272&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;45%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;81&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Premodern<br /> literature: China's Four Great Classical Novels&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;53&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;270&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;45%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;82&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese<br /> clothing / interieur: The Folding Screen&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;115&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;267&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;45%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;83&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Ancient<br /> literature: Chinese Mythology&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;48&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;265&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;44%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;84&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese<br /> Medicine: Zhang Zhongjing&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;69&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;264&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;44%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;85&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Landscapes<br /> and tourism: Four State-Level Cultural Relics&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;125&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;263&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;44%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;86&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Martial<br /> Arts: Qigong&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;64&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;262&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;44%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;87&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Architecture:<br /> Four Great Pavilions&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;37&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;261&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;44%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;88&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Religions:<br /> Buddhism&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;75&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;260&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;89&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional<br /> Cuisine: Chopsticks&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;27&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;260&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;90&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Westernization:<br /> The Eastward Spread of Western Learning&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;92&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;260&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;91&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Body<br /> movement performance: Chinese Lion Dancing&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-spacerun:yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;104&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;259&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;92&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Body<br /> movement performance: Stilts&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;102&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;259&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;93&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Science<br /> and Technology: Compass&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;259&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;94&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese<br /> Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;258&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;95&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese<br /> Writing: Ancient Writing and Painting Tool, Writing Brush&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;255&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;43%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;96&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Garden<br /> Culture: Bonsai (Penjing)&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun:yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;43&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;253&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;42%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;97&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional<br /> Crafts: Lacquerware&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;16&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;247&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;41%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;98&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Chinese<br /> clothing / interieur: Batik&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;114&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;242&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;40%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;99&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Confucianism:<br /> <br /> Confucian Culture&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;81&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;237&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;40%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;100&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Westernization:<br /> The Westernization Movement&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;93&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;236&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;39%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;101&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Modern and Contemporary Literature: Novels&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;57&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;234&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;39%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;102&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction,<br /> and Fantasy&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;59&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;233&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;39%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;103&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Ancient<br /> literature: Yue Fu&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-ansi-language:IT;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot;<br /> lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;47&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;231&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;39%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;104&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Modern and Contemporary Literature: Modern Literature&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;55&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;231&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;39%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;105&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;118&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;229&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;38%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;106&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Confucianism: Four Main Philosophic Schools&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;79&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;226&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;38%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;107&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading Tao Te Ching&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;85&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;225&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;38%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;108&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Minority cultures: Lisu People and Daogan Festival of Lisu Ethnic Minority&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;111&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;219&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;37%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;109&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Landscapes<br /> and tourism: Four Buddhist Shrines&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;127&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;213&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;36%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;110&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Beijing<br /> Opera: Beijing Opera Acrobatics&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;62&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;211&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;111&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Confucianism:<br /> <br /> Classical Philosophy - Confucius and Confucianism&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;211&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;112&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Martial<br /> Arts: Wushu&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;63&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;211&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;113&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Army<br /> and weapons: Terracotta Army&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;120&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;210&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;114&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Fine<br /> Arts: Bada Shanren and Qi Baishi&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;210&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;115&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Martial<br /> Arts: Huo Yuanjia&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;65&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;210&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;116&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Modern and Contemporary Literature: Contemporary Literature&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;58&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;209&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;117&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Daoism&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;84&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;204&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;34%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;118&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Traditional<br /> <br /> Festivals: Lattice on Ancient Chinese Windows&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl71&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&lt;span<br /> style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl72&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;203&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl73&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;<br /> align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;34%&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;/tr&gt;<br /> &lt;tr style=&quot;height:14.4pt&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;height:14.4pt;border-top:none&quot;<br /> height=&quot;19&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;119&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl68&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td class=&quot;xl70&quot; style=&quot;border-top:none;border-left:none&quot;&gt;Silk<br /> and porcelain: Porce</div> Li Hong https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=Fruehlingswind_Englisch&diff=147987 Fruehlingswind Englisch 2022-10-13T11:29:01Z <p>Li Hong: /* Part 5 */</p> <hr /> <div>For the students of MA class: The Wiki Admin will distribute the paragraphs to you and indicate your names beneath in the text.<br /> <br /> For the students of the BA class: Please select parts of the text at the end(maybe after part 20) , because the first parts are already taken by the MA class students. The Wiki admin will add the student names today.<br /> == '''Discussiontable''' ==<br /> <br /> …for a consistent translation of:<br /> - names of places, people etc <br /> - titles of literary, historical works<br /> - technical terms<br /> - quotes<br /> - idioms, figures of speech<br /> <br /> (Please record here recurring words with the respective translation, your name, date and comments, if there are any. You may also suggest and discuss changes.)<br /> <br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Chin. Origial''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Translation''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Date/Translator''' <br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | '''Comments''' <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> | style=&quot;height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;&quot; | ###put text here###<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> == Part 1 ==<br /> <br /> 序言<br /> Preface<br /> <br /> 报告文学对于我来说，不算完全陌生，也不能说是驾轻就熟。如果让我选择，我还是喜欢写散文，我喜欢在那诗一般的境界中，让心灵畅游，像鱼儿一样跟着海水起伏，而每一次抵达，都收获一次夺目的蜕变。我也喜欢写小说，你可以出场或者隐身，操持各种语调，让你的人物成为高飞的丹顶鹤，幻化千姿百态，直至扑朔迷离，用一个个意料之外，展示一种种情理之中。我觉得写报告文学对作家几近苛求，从生活到艺术，从事实到叙述，没有给你任何文过饰非或者闭门造车的缝隙，不论面对多么宏大的土地，你必须深深地躬下身子，细细地鉴别每一株草木，而你以往的人生经验，只能用于对题材的思考和理解，若移花接木，必然失血脱骨，而闲笔恣肆，则会离题万里。真实，是报告文学的生命和根基，在这个前提下，要做到声情并茂，温暖感人，必须用有力量的细节说话。好细节都在生活的深处，我能找到它们吗？<br /> <br /> Reportage literature is not completely alien to me, nor can I say that I am so familiar with it that I can write it with ease.# If I had to choose, I would still like to write prose. I like to let my mind swim in that poetic realm, following the ebb and flow of the sea like a fish, and every time I arrive, I reap a dazzling metamorphosis. I also like to write novels, you can appear or invisible, manipulate a variety of tone, so that your characters become high flying cranes, illusion of a thousand forms, until the confusion, with a variety of unexpected, show a variety of reasoning. I think writing report literature is almost demanding on writers, from life to art, from fact to narrative, there is no gap for you to overdress or closed door, no matter how grand the face of the land, you must bow deeply, carefully identify each plant, and your previous life experience, can only be used for thinking and understanding of the subject matter, if you move the flowers, is bound to lose blood and bones, and free pen wanton, will be The subject matter will be a million miles away. True, is the life and foundation of reportage literature, in this premise, to do the voice and emotion, warm and touching, must speak with the power of details. Good details are in the depths of life, can I find them?<br /> <br /> 因此，每一次写报告文学，我都感觉有一道道难题压在心头。 <br /> Therefore, every time I write a report, I feel that there is a problem weighing on my mind. <br /> <br /> 去年十月到十二月间，我两次到内蒙古自治区赤峰市体验生活，收集创作脱贫攻坚主题报告文学的素材。赤峰对我来说，和当初写中篇小说《包·哈斯三回科右中旗》时的科右中旗一样，既熟悉又陌生。熟悉是因为我也是一个内蒙古人，陌生是因为内蒙古和八个省市自治区接壤，每一个盟市的人文地理都是有差别的。赤峰市位于内蒙古自治区东部，西辽河上游，大兴安岭西南段山脉与燕山北麓之间的山地草原，面积九万余平方公里，乃 是半农半牧区，与我常住的呼伦贝尔草原大不相同。赤峰蒙古语为“乌兰哈达”，因城区东北部赭红色山峰而得名。赤峰市是内蒙古自治区的九个地级市之一，有八千年的文化宝藏，有众多北方少数民族的文明遗迹，有国家级文物保护单位五十处，在考古学上以其境内地名命名的文化八种。赤峰原本高山大野，水草葳蕤，后来，这里的生态在历史进程中退化了下来。到1994年，赤峰市产生了八个国家级贫困县（旗），两个自治区级贫困县（旗），时至今年三月份，才得以全部摘帽脱贫。穷则思变，赤峰人从未失去过梦想，从未停止过奋斗，大到全面实施精准扶贫和乡村振兴，小到贫困户家庭捆制的一把笤帚、致富带头人蒸出的一锅粘豆包，无不体现出他们追求幸福生活的信念。现在举国进行的这场脱贫攻坚大决战，解决了这里的绝对贫困问题，使这片土地旧貌变新颜，让这里的老百姓踏上了小康之路。二零一九年五月，国务院批准赤峰为扶贫改革试验区，赤峰市开启了巩固脱贫攻坚成果、创新扶贫架构新模式、建立确保贫困人口脱贫后不返贫，振兴社会主义新农村的新征程。<br /> Between October and December last year, I twice to the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Chifeng City, to experience life, to collect the creation of the theme of poverty alleviation reportage material. Chifeng is as familiar and unfamiliar to me as it was to me when I wrote my middle-grade novel, &quot;Pao-Has Three Returns to Ke-Right Central Banner&quot;. Familiar because I am also an Inner Mongolian, unfamiliar because Inner Mongolia borders eight provinces and autonomous regions, and the human geography of each municipality is different. Chifeng is located in the eastern part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, upstream of the West Liaoning River, in the mountainous grassland between the southwest section of the Daxinganling Mountains and the northern foot of the Yanshan Mountains, covering an area of more than 90,000 square kilometers, and is a semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral area, which is very different from the Hulunbuir grassland where I usually live. The Mongolian word for Chifeng is &quot;Ulan Hada,&quot; named for the ochre-red peaks in the northeastern part of the city. Chifeng is one of the nine prefecture-level cities in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, with 8,000 years of cultural treasures, many relics of the civilization of northern minorities, 50 national cultural relics protection units, and eight cultures named after places in its territory in archaeology. Originally, Chifeng had a large wilderness of high mountains and lush water and grass, but later, the ecology of the area degraded in the course of history. By 1994, Chifeng produced eight national-level poverty-stricken counties (banners), two autonomous regions-level poverty-stricken counties (banners), and it was only in March this year that they were all able to remove their caps from poverty. Poverty is a change, the people of Chifeng have never lost their dreams and never stopped struggling, from the comprehensive implementation of precise poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, to the smallest of a whisk broom bundled by a poor family or a pot of sticky bean buns steamed by a wealthy leader, all reflecting their belief in the pursuit of a happy life. Now the country is engaged in the battle against poverty, which has solved the problem of absolute poverty here, transformed the old face of this land into a new face, and set the people here on the road to prosperity. In May 2019, the State Council approved Chifeng as an experimental zone for poverty alleviation reform, and Chifeng opened a new journey to consolidate the results of poverty eradication, innovate a new model of poverty alleviation architecture, and establish a new way to ensure that the poor do not return to poverty after getting out of poverty and revitalize the new socialist countryside.<br /> ==Part 2==<br /> ==== Part 2a 白婷 Bai Ting(蔡思 Cai Si) ====<br /> <br /> 我需要认识赤峰的一切，从人文地理，到历史沿革，从民俗风情，到乡村民生，从诸多的扶贫政策，到种种产业扶贫方式。我需要结识众多的朋友，从各级干部到驻村第一书记、工作队员、村两委干成员，从一个个企业的管理者，到不同层面上的创业者，从自强不息的伤残人，到日夜拼搏的贫困户……<br /> <br /> I need to know everything about Chifeng, from human geography to historical development, from folk customs to rural livelihoods, from numerous poverty alleviation policies to various methods of promoting business development. I need to make a lot of friends, from cadres at all levels to the first secretary, task force members of the village, and cadres of the village committee members, from the managers of enterprises to entrepreneurs at different levels, from disabled people striving for greatness to poor households working day and night... <br /> <br /> 对于各类资料，我也无比贪婪，赤峰市扶贫办的领导和同志们，一直在为我指路导航，帮我迅速沉入基层，找到一个个“目标”。每到一个旗县，他们都会为我提供地方史志以及各种相关资料。采访结束后，我去开了两个会，回来家中，便看到沉甸甸的三大箱子资料。我知道，这些资料最终很少会被我直接使用，但我依然如饥似渴，大约有两个星期，我回忆着那些亲切的气息、景象、音容笑貌，沉浸在进一步发现赤峰的阅读中。<br /> <br /> I am also greedy for all kinds of information. The leaders and comrades in Chifeng Poverty Alleviation Office have been guiding me, helping me go down to the grassroots quickly and find some “targets”. Whenever they go to a flag county, they will provide me with local historical records and a variety of relevant materials. After the interview, I attended two meetings. When I came home, I saw three heavy boxes. Although I knew I would rarely use these materials directly in the end, I was still hungry and thirsty for them. For about two weeks, I recalled the cordial atmosphere, scenes, voice and expression, immersing myself in the reading of further discovering Chifeng.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 2b 陈彦希 Chen Yanxi (陈淑敏 Chen Shumin) ====<br /> <br /> 我在村庄里穿行，看到了一个个年轻的驻村第一书记，他们身上有泥土，手上有羊毛，心里有一腔真情，说起贫困户的情况真真地了如指掌；看到了九十多岁、五十年党龄，不忘初心的老志愿军；看到了七十年前从香港嫁到敖汉的老奶奶，发现她虽然有精神疾病，却保留着一丝岁月抹不去的记忆；看到一位像当年的王进喜那样，为保护村庄跳到冰河里砌沙袋的老村支书；我和农村母亲冯丽华相拥而泣，她告诉我，她曾在荒芜的小村里，节衣缩食供儿子读书，当儿子考上同济大学，她手里的钱，还不够孩子的路费，是学校和镇里帮助了她的孩子。儿子即将出发的那些日子，她心里百感交集，当火车一开动，她就晕倒了，至今她见到绿皮火车还会流泪……所以，她第一个响应政府号召，易地搬迁，住进了农民新村。<br /> <br /> Part 2b Chen Yanxi:<br /> Walking through the village, I saw several village first secretaries who have mud on their bodies, wool in their hands, and sincerity in their hearts. When it comes to the conditions of poverty-stricken households, they can always tell in detail; I saw old volunteers who are already aged over 90 years, with 50 years in the CPC, and they never forget their original intention; I saw an old woman who married to Ao Han from Hong Kong 70 years ago, although, with mental illness, she still retains a trace of memory which could never be erased by flying time; I saw an old village secretary like Wang Jinxi, who jumped into the glacier in order to protect the village... I cried and held onto Feng Lihua, a rural mother. She told me -- Having lived in a deserted village, she saved money to pay for her son’s tuition. When her son was admitted to Tongji University, she even didn’t have enough money to pay for his traveling expenses. At that time, it WAS the university and the town who gave his son a favor. In the days before her son’s departure, a million thoughts raised to Feng Lihua’s mind. She fainted when the train started! Even now, she would still cry once seeing green trains... She was the first one to respond to the government’s call to relocate to a new village.<br /> <br /> 陈淑敏 Chen Shumin<br /> <br /> 我在村庄里穿行，看到了一个个年轻的驻村第一书记，他们身上有泥土，手上有羊毛，心里有一腔真情，说起贫困户的情况真真地了如指掌；<br /> <br /> Walking through the village, I saw several village first secretaries who have mud on their bodies, wool in their hands, and sincerity in their hearts. When it comes to the conditions of poverty-stricken households, they can always tell in detail;<br /> Walking through the village, I saw several major residency secretaries who have mud on their bodies, wool in their, and sincerity in their hearts. When it comes to the conditions of poverty-stricken households, they can always narrate in detail;<br /> <br /> 看到了九十多岁、五十年党龄，不忘初心的老志愿军；看到了七十年前从香港嫁到敖汉的老奶奶，发现她虽然有精神疾病，却保留着一丝岁月抹不去的记忆；看到一位像当年的王进喜那样，为保护村庄跳到冰河里砌沙袋的老村支书；<br /> <br /> I saw old volunteers who are already aged over 90 years, with 50 years in the CPC, and they never forget their original intention; I saw an old woman who married to Ao Han from Hong Kong 70 years ago, although, with mental illness, she still retains a trace of memory which could never be erased by flying time; I saw an old village secretary like Wang Jinxi, who jumped into the glacier in order to protect the village...<br /> <br /> I saw old voluntary armies who are already aged over 90, with 50 years in the CPC, and they never forget their original aspiration; I saw an old woman who married to Ao Han from Hong Kong 70 years ago. Although, with mental illness, she still retains a trace of memory which could never be erased by years; I saw an old village secretary like Wang Jinxi, who jumped into the frozen river to pile sandbags in order to protect the village...<br /> <br /> 我和农村母亲冯丽华相拥而泣，她告诉我，她曾在荒芜的小村里，节衣缩食供儿子读书，当儿子考上同济大学，她手里的钱，还不够孩子的路费，是学校和镇里帮助了她的孩子。儿子即将出发的那些日子，她心里百感交集，当火车一开动，她就晕倒了，至今她见到绿皮火车还会流泪……所以，她第一个响应政府号召，易地搬迁，住进了农民新村。<br /> <br /> I cried and held onto Feng Lihua, a rural mother. She told me -- Having lived in a deserted village, she saved money to pay for her son’s tuition. When her son was admitted to Tongji University, she even didn’t have enough money to pay for his traveling expenses. At that time, it WAS the university and the town who gave his son a favor. In the days before her son’s departure, a million thoughts raised to Feng Lihua’s mind. She fainted when the train started! Even now, she would still cry once seeing green trains... She was the first one to respond to the government’s call to relocate to a new village.<br /> <br /> I cried and held onto Feng Lihua, a rural mother. She told me that having lived in a deserted village, she saved money to pay for her son’s tuition. When her son was admitted to Tongji University, she even didn’t have enough money to pay for his fare. At that time, it was the university and the town who did his son a favor. In the days before her son’s departure, all sorts of mixed feelings stirred up in Feng Lihua’s mind. She fainted when the train started! Even now, she would still shed tears once seeing green trains... She was the first one to respond to the government’s call to relocate to a new peasant village.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 2c 陈婧 Chen Jing(贺沛He Pei)====<br /> 说不完的赤峰人，道不尽的赤峰事儿，或许我无法用有限的一本书把你们都写出来，我却想与你们一一促膝长谈，我不仅想知道，你们有了多少平米的新房子，有了多少钱的年收入，参加了什么合作社，怀有怎样的幸福感，我还想了解，你们在这场脱贫攻坚的时代巨变中有怎样的心路历程，尤其是那些年轻干部，你们是如何在农村的风吹雨打中懂得了农民，懂得了时代，懂得了中国，你们是不是做好了承重未来的准备？赤峰让我心存感动，让我流连忘返，我充满好奇，渴望有诗意的细节。<br /> <br /> Chen Jing 陈婧<br /> <br /> The topics about the locals and the things of Chifeng are endless. I may not write you all down in a book due to the limited space, but I want to have a long heart-to-heart talk with each of you. I want to know how large the new house that you owned, how much annual income that you had, which cooperative that you joined and what kind of happiness that you bore. I also want to know what changes have taken place in your thoughts during the Battle against Poverty, such a great change of the Time. Particularly for those young cadre, how did you get to understand the farmers, understand our time and understand China amid the arduous work in the countryside? Have you prepared to take charge of the future? I was deeply moved by Chifeng and my mind has been lingering on it. I’m full of curiosity and crave for some poetic details in the book.<br /> <br /> The topics about the locals and the things of Chifeng are endless. Maybe I cannot write you all down in a book due to the limited space, but I want to have a long heart-to-heart talk with each of you. I want to know how large the new house that you owned, how much annual income that you had, which cooperative that you joined and what kind of happiness that you bore. I also want to know what changes have taken place in your thoughts during the Battle against Poverty, such a great change of the Time. Particularly for those young cadre, how did you get to understand the farmers, understand our time and understand China amid the arduous work in the countryside? Have you prepared to take charge of the future? I was deeply moved by Chifeng and my mind has been lingering on it. I’m full of curiosity and crave for some poetic details in the book.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 2d 陈思阳 Chen Siyang(丁粤 Ding Yue)====<br /> 我是一个离开了细节就不会写作的写作者。俯瞰赤峰波澜壮阔的脱贫攻坚战，可谓修拉式的点彩大画面。我知道只有在每一个小亮点上深度挖掘，才能找到脉搏般鲜活、奇妙、栩栩如生的东西。实际上，这个过程并不是一蹴而就的，我一再告诫自己，生活是璞玉，你要有耐心。这本书中的十六个短篇，都是先做了实地观察，与主人公交谈，进而研究资料，找到一些可以追寻的切入点，再次和主人公沟通，最后才落笔的。我发现，其实我的每个主人公的生命里都藏有珍贵记忆，只不过打开那些质朴的心灵，真的挺难，他们讲述自己的故事，只有三言两语，越深情的东西，越不愿意触动，往往习惯用抽象的语言一带而过。所以，我的难题不是怎样表达，而是怎样进入生活的内核。<br /> <br /> I am a writer who can't write without details. Overlooking Chifeng's spectacular battle against poverty is like looking at a big picture of Seura-style pointillist. I knew that only by delving into every little spot, can we find something like pulse that is alive, wonderful and lifelike. Actually, this process cannot be accomplished in an action. I repeatedly told myself that life is a diamond in the rough and I should be patient. The sixteen short stories in this book are all written after field observation, conversation with the protagonist, further research of materials, finding some breakthrough points to pursue, and communication with the protagonist again. I found every protagonist of my book hid their precious memories in the life, but it is really difficult to approach those simple hearts. They described their stories with only a few words. The more affectionate things, the more reluctant to touch, people tend to use abstract words in passing. So, my challenge is not how to express but how to get into the core of life.<br /> <br /> I am a writer who can't write without details. Overlooking Chifeng's spectacular battle against poverty is like looking at a big picture of Seurat-style pointillist. I knew that only by delving into each small highlight, can I find something as fresh, wonderful and lively as a pulse. Actually, this process cannot be accomplished at one stroke. I repeatedly told myself that life is a diamond in the rough and I should be patient. The sixteen short stories in this book were all written after field observation, conversation with the protagonists, further research of materials, finding some entry points that can be traced, and communication with the protagonists again. I found that each of my protagonists actually has precious memories in their lives, but it is really difficult to open their simple hearts. They told their stories with only a few words. The more affectionate things are, the more reluctant they are to touch them. They are often used to using abstract language to talk about these things briefly. So, my challenge is not how to express but how to enter the core of life.<br /> <br /> 对于赤峰，我知道到的还远远不够，真的十分期待下一次。<br /> <br /> As for Chifeng, I know very few. I’m really looking forward to the next time.<br /> <br /> As for Chifeng, I know far from enough. I’m really looking forward to the next visit.<br /> <br /> ==Part 3==<br /> <br /> ==== Part 3a 付静 Fu Jing(高燕 Gao Yan)====<br /> <br /> 既然披上了第一书记的战袍 Had Worn the First Secretary´s Shirt<br /> <br /> 一 Chapter One<br /> <br /> 下雨了！雨点像一颗颗小石子，重重地砸在土地上，土地上出现密密麻麻的小水坑，转瞬之间，这些小水坑的水就弥漫起来，变成一片无边的水泊。<br /> <br /> It was raining! The raindrops, like little pebbles, hit the ground and collected as small puddles on the ground. Just in a twinkling, these small puddles spread and formed into a boundless pool.<br /> <br /> 2017年，赤峰市敖汉旗古鲁板蒿乡孤山子村杨家杖子自然村遭遇了前所未有的一场大雨。<br /> <br /> In 2017, an unprecedented heavy rain occurred in Yangjiazhangzi community, a natural village in Gushanzi Administrative Village, Guru Township of Aohan Banner in Chifeng Municipality. <br /> <br /> 山洪倾泻而来，道路消失了，排水沟被注满了，水流到一家家院里或门槛跟前。村里的人们害怕了，男女老少相携着来到村口的河边，提心吊胆地关注着水势。他们默默地祈求老天，千万不要接着下了，那样的话，一场洪灾将不可避免。<br /> <br /> The mountain torrents poured over, flooding the roads, overflowing the drainage ditches and running into yards or towards thresholds of villagers. People in the village were scared. All of them, regardless of age and gender, came together to the riverbank at the entrance of the village and kept a nervous eye on the water potential. They also prayed to God inside, hoping that there would be a stop of raining or a flood would be inevitable.<br /> <br /> 这时候，只见远处的公路上一辆汽车疾驰而来。<br /> <br /> Then，a car came tearing along the road in the distance.<br /> <br /> 车上下来五个人，急匆匆地来到了河边，看样子要过河到村里来。河水咆哮着流过，快要把浮桥两侧的凭栏没过了。浮桥在水中左右晃动着，人若是从浮桥桥上走到对岸，要趟过腰上半尺的河水，还有可能摔倒，被大水卷走。<br /> <br /> Five men got out of the car and rushed to the other side of the river, attempting to get across the river and enter the village. The river roared by, almost flooding the railings on both sides of the floating bridge and swaying it from side to side. If a person wanted to go to the end of the bridge, he would have to walk through the river with a water potential up to half a foot above his waist, at a risk of falling and being swept away by the flood.<br /> <br /> 对岸的大爷大娘焦急地喊：“孩子们——可不敢过啊，太危险了！”<br /> <br /> The elderly villagers on the other side of the river shouted with worries, &quot;Hey, kids-don't come! It's too dangerous!&quot;<br /> <br /> 几个叼着烟卷的年轻村民却在说风凉话：“哥们儿别玩命了，你们不就是来镀个金吗，开开会就得了呗……”<br /> <br /> Some young villagers, with a cigarette in their mouth, however, made sarcastic comments, &quot; Come on, buddies, stop playing with your life. You're coming to gild your work, aren't you? Why not just have a meeting?&quot;<br /> <br /> 这五个人，停了一下。只见带头的那个人，揩了一把脸上的雨水，振臂一呼——人民的利益高于一切！ 病重的乡亲们盼着咱们呢，医生们等着咱们呢，咱们就是倒在冲锋的路上，也是重于泰山，也是无上光荣！同志们，不要怕，咱们互相把手拉紧，只要我们不松手，一直往前走，冲过去没问题！<br /> <br /> The five men stopped for a second. Then the leader of them wiped the rainwater off his face, raised his arm and called out inspiringly, &quot; The interests of the people are above everything! Our sick folks are looking forward to see us and doctors are waiting for our feedbacks! If we died on the road of charge through the river, our death could be weightier than Mount Tai and could also become the greatest glory in our life. So, don't be afraid, my comrades. Let's hold each other's hands tight! As long as we never let go of each other and walk straight on together, we will surely get it over!&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== Part 3b 关娜 Guan Na(郝天钰 Hao Tianyu)====<br /> <br /> <br /> 其余的四个人的声音随之而起 ——不怕， 我们都是共产党员，老百姓需要我们的时候到了！<br /> <br /> 在这气壮山河的呐喊声中，杨家杖子的数百位老乡见证了一次和平年代的英勇冲锋。<br /> <br /> 扶贫攻坚驻村第一书记冲在最前头，他的身边是村党支部书记，村干部。他们赤裸着胸膛，把随身带的文件资料，系在脖子上，手挽着手，在大水激荡的桥面上，稳如磐石，动如铁甲，坚毅前行。桥在水中晃着，水在桥上荡着，却没有让其中的任何一个人倒下去，因为他们紧握着彼此的手，仿佛一节节铁链不可断裂，那是同志的手，战友的手，兄弟的手！<br /> 这个驻村第一书记，就是黄旭坤。他们今天过河，是因为有一件关乎杨家杖子自然营子民生的大事。<br /> <br /> 杨家杖子自然村有五名大病患者，由于多方面原因，一直得不到应有的救治，现在有的瘫痪在床，有的危在旦夕。黄旭坤为这件事忧心忡忡，寝食不安，虽然去过多家机构联系，都因为种种原因被婉拒了。最后是黄旭坤的老领导，新洲中医院的院长承诺 到杨家杖子义诊。由于医院每天都要开门接诊，他们多次调整时间，安排最好的医生，才确定下来在明天 ，由院长带领三位优秀医生，到杨家杖子给这五位重病患者义诊。他们临时通知黄旭坤，需要事先到杨家杖子，把五个患者以往的病历和检查报告，用手机传给医生，并连线接受医生的询问，以便他们准备好要携带的诊治器械，并为患者备置一些药品。<br /> <br /> ==Part 4==<br /> <br /> '''Part 4a 章颖雯Zhang Yingwen(胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi)====<br /> <br /> 黄旭坤一行人，终于走过二十多米的浮桥，岸边的乡亲无不啧啧赞叹，说风凉话的小青年也变得肃然起敬，大家一拥而上，帮他们打伞，擦身子，拿东西，从家里取来热茶……几个患者的家人，拉着黄旭坤的手，一把雨水一把热泪，说着真心的感谢话，老村干部任广握着黄旭坤的手，激动地说：“我当村干部二十多年，从来没服过人，今天我服气了。谁不知道生命可贵，你们也是上有老下有小啊，这回让我看到新时代共产党员的境界了！”<br /> <br /> After walking over a pontoon bridge of more than twenty meters, Huang Xukun and other people were praised by rural residents standing at the edge of bank, and even those youths who had ever made irresponsible and sarcastic comments began to hat off to them. Local people all rushed forward to hold umbrellas for Huang and his co-workers, helped them wiped off water from their bodies, and then fetched tea from home to treat Huang and other persons…several patients’ family, with tears and water mixed on faces, held Huang’s hands tightly and said sincere thanks to him. Ren Guang, the local officer, held Huang’s hands with an excited tone, and said: “I have been served for more than 20 years, and I had never been convinced by anyone, but today I am sincerely convinced by you. All of us know that our lives are of great importance, and you have your own family, however, I have seen a new type of CPC member like you in the new era.<br /> <br /> 黄旭坤心头不由一暖，眼泪也流了出来。谢过众人，他们来到五个重患者家，按照医生要求，为第二天的义诊，做好了准备。<br /> <br /> Huang, therefore, felt warm from these words and tears moved from eyes. After that, Huang and his partners came the home of the fifth patient who had made good preparations for their free consultation which would be conducted in the next day.<br /> <br /> 第二天，雨过天晴，新洲医院的医务人员，有备而来，很快给出了最佳治疗方案，还带了价值一万二千元的对症药物，他们决定长期关注这五个病人，今后入院治疗，予以免费，并且派车接送。五个患者的病况都有明显好转，黄旭坤心里日夜悬着的石头，才算落下。<br /> <br /> The next day, when the rain had stopped and the sun shone, medical staff from Xinzhou Hospital came and gave the best treatment plan to the five patients. At the same time, they brought symptomatic drugs that worth 12 thousand to the patients, and also, they decided to pay close attention to them, providing free treatment and dispatching private transfers. Until those patients’ bodies improved, Huang relaxed.<br /> <br /> 我觉得黄旭坤这个人内心怀有英雄情结，他应该当过兵。扶贫办的同志给我发来了一组他的工作照——在贫困户家的火炕上，他盘腿挺背，稳坐如钟；在义务劳动后，他和几个扶贫干部一起吃快餐，大家都坐在台阶上，唯有他蹲着，那腿脚像凳子一样牢靠。<br /> <br /> I think Huang should have joined the army, because he has a hero complex in his eyes. Comrades in Poverty Relief Commission sent a picture of him to me. In the picture, he sat on a Kang in a poor resident’s home, with legs crossed and back straightened, steady as a mountain; after finishing his compusory work, Huang ate a boxed meal with collegues, however, only did him crouch stably like a stool while others all sat on steps.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 4b 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen(姜雨露 Jiang Yulu) ====<br /> <br /> 我的直觉没有错。黄旭坤的确参过军，曾在辽宁武警部队当过轮训教员。他来到我面前，目光炯炯，仪表堂堂。立定，握手，落座，开口说话，举止行为尽显当初的训练有素，使人想到军歌嘹亮的演兵场。<br /> <br /> 这是一个有四年军龄，三十年党龄，三十年工作履历的青年干部。2015年，在敖汉旗综合执法大队副大队长的岗位上，被组织选派到古鲁板蒿镇康家营子村任脱贫攻坚驻村第一书记。<br /> <br /> 到了康家营子，看到当地村民的生存状况，他雷厉风行，以最快的速度，解决了每个自然村之间通水泥公路的问题，同时想方设法，为全村安装了有线电视，给各个自然村修建了文化活动场所，现正因户施策，为贫困户谋求脱贫致富的项目。<br /> <br /> 黄旭坤在康家营子村干得热火朝天，突然接到一个原单位领导的电话，说要和他谈谈。<br /> <br /> 原来，为了落实党的十九大坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战的部署，聚焦深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚的“坚中之坚”，组织上想把黄旭坤调离康家营子，交给他一个更艰巨的任务，到古鲁板蒿镇孤山村任脱贫攻坚驻村第一书记。<br /> <br /> 黄旭坤对孤山村的情况略知一二，那是个由三个村合并成的大村，山地多，天气冷，风沙大，降雨不均，养殖业和种植业局限于养羊和种玉米，很难寻求新的致富项目。这三个村子的民风民俗各有千秋，互相极不认同，各村内宗族之间也存在旷日持久的矛盾，往往一有涉及利益的事情，就会闹出种种事端，当地村干部早已被弄得束手无策。<br /> <br /> ==Part 5==<br /> <br /> ==== Part 5a 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun(李鸿 Li Hong)====<br /> <br /> 领导也了解这些情况，就给黄旭坤做工作，意思是这是咱们单位结对帮扶对象，又是老大难村，不派一个强有力的干部，拿不下来。大家一致认为你在康家营子干得很好，一定能担起这副重担。当然，你有权利选择留在轻车熟路的康家营子……<br /> <br /> Also knowing these circumstances, leader communicated with Huang Xukun, saying, “This village was our pairing partner with chronic problems requiring a strong official with excellent ability. We all agree that you have done a good job in Kangjiayingzi, which proved your capacity. Of course, you have the right to choose to stay here……”<br /> <br /> Also knowing these circumstances, the leader communicated with Huang Xukun, saying, “This village was our pairing partner with chronic problems. If we don’t send a strong official with excellent ability there, our poverty alleviation work won’t go well. We all agree that you have done a good job in Kangjiayingzi Village, which proved your competence. Of course, you have the right to stay here……”<br /> <br /> 你领导又说，你还记得总书记说过这样一句话吗：“为其艰难，才更显勇毅，为其笃行，才弥足珍贵……”这位领导显然十分了解黄旭坤的性格，也懂得做思想工作的艺术。<br /> <br /> He added,“Do you remember one word by President Xi? ‘For its hardships, to show more courage and perseverance; for its dedication and delivery, to show its value’ ……” Obviously, the leader knew Huang’s personality clearly as well as the art of ideological work.<br /> <br /> He added, “Do you remember what the President said? ‘For its hardships, to show our courage and perseverance; for its dedication, to show its preciousness’ ……” Obviously, the leader was very familiar with Huang’s personality as well as the art of ideological work.<br /> <br /> 黄旭坤为之一振，他把所有的为难和犹豫吞进肚子，二话没说，接受了组织的委派。<br /> <br /> Huang Xukun was moved and excited, he swallowed all the difficulties and hesitation and accepted the assignment without saying a word. <br /> <br /> Inspired by his words, Huang Xukun swallowed all the difficulties and hesitation and accepted the designation without saying a word.<br /> <br /> 二<br /> The Second Chapter<br /> <br /> 黄旭坤的语言表述，简洁利落，掷地有声。他说，沧海横流，方显英雄本色，谷壑纵横，才见赤子之心。在扶贫攻坚这场举国大战中，我是万马军中的一个战士，既然披上了孤山村脱贫攻坚驻村第一书记的战袍，不干不行，干就干好。<br /> <br /> Huang Xukun said concisely and stirringly,“Only by crossing the sea can one show his true nature as a hero, and only by crossing valleys can one see his pure heart. In the national fight against poverty, I am a soldier in thousands of officials. Now that I have been the first secretary of Gushan Village to fight poverty, I will do my best without any hesitation and regret.”<br /> <br /> Huang Xukun said concisely and stirringly, “Only by crossing the sea can one show his true nature as a hero, and only by crossing valleys can one see his pure heart. I am just a soldier in thousands of officials in the national war fighting against poverty, now that I have been the first secretary of Gushan Village to fight poverty, I will try my best to do it well.” <br /> <br /> 2016年，黄旭坤初来乍到，他从车上卸下简单的行李，走进了村委会办公室。村委会给人的感觉像一个弃屋。桌椅板凳，歪歪斜斜，破旧不堪，桌子上没有办公用品，墙上地上都是灰尘， 水壶里没有一滴水，只有黄色的水锈挂在壶嘴上，院子里没有卫生间，没有花圃菜畦。一面晒褪了色的国旗还在门厅上挂着，已经被风雨撕得一条一缕，让黄旭坤看着想掉眼泪。<br /> <br /> The first time Huang came to the village in 2016, he walked into the office of the village committee with his simple luggage.The office was like an abandoned house with oblique and shabby tables and chairs. There were no office supplies on the table but dust on the wall and floor; there were no drops of water in the kettle but yellow rust remained on the spout; there were also no bathroom, or flower garden or vegetable garden in the yard. Only a sun-faded national flag, hanging in the hall, was almost torn out by wind and rain, which made Huang Xukun nearly shed tears.<br /> <br /> When Huang Xukun first came to the village in 2016, he walked into the office of the village committee with his simple luggage. The office was like an abandoned house with oblique and shabby tables and chairs. There were no office supplies on the table but dust all over the walls and floor; there were no drops of water in the kettle but yellow rust remaining on the spout; there were also no bathroom, no flower garden or vegetable garden in the yard. What still remained there was a sun-faded national flag, hanging in the lobby, but was almost torn apart by wind and rain, which made Huang Xukun nearly shed tears.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 5b 李佳珺 Li Jiajun (李可依 Li Keyi)====<br /> <br /> 黄旭坤做的第一件事是在院子里种上了几畦子蔬菜，绿油油的菜苗长出来，村民一路过，就知道这回可是真格的，驻村干部要在咱们这里安营扎寨了。他又从自己的工资里拿出三千块钱，买了米面油，还有一大堆方便面。上任伊始的那段时间，他平均每天吃两顿方便面，他没有时间照顾自己，村委会也没有食堂给扶贫干部做后勤保障。<br /> <br /> The first thing that Huang Xunkun did was to grow several beds of vegetable in the yard. When the villagers passed by and saw the new green plants, they realized that this time was for real. The village based cadre was going to stay here. He took three thousand Yuan out of his own salary and bought rice, flour, oil and a bunch of instant noodles. At the beginning of his work, he ate instant noodles every day for two meals averagely as he had no time to look after himself. Nor did the village committee have a canteen to provide logistics support the poverty alleviation cadre.<br /> <br /> 孤山子村在古鲁板蒿镇南部，有8.9万亩土地，包括耕地3.4万亩，林地3.5万亩，山地2万亩。一共有7个自然村，1160户2940口人。党支部下设11个党小组，共有84名党员。然而，孤山村并没有呈现出团结一致奔小康的局面，上上下下进取心涣散，宗旨意识淡薄，财务管理混乱，集体经济空壳化。这就是黄旭坤当时所面临的情况。<br /> <br /> Gushanzi Village is in the south of Gulu, Banhao Town, with 89,000 mu (Chinese unit of land measurement that is commonly 666.7 square meters) of land, including 34,000 mu of arable land, 35,000 mu of forest land and 20,000 mu of mountain land. In total, there are 7 natural villages with 1160 households and 2940 people. There are 11 party groups under the party branch with 84 party members. However, Gushan Village does not present the situation of unity and prosperity, all the people are not enterprising, the sense of purpose is weak, the financial management is chaotic, and the collective economy is hollow. This was the situation that Huang Xunkun facing right now.<br /> <br /> 当时，由于前任村支书已经退休，作为脱贫攻坚驻村第一书记，黄旭坤义无反顾地担起了孤山村党支部的工作。<br /> <br /> At that time, as the former village secretary had retired, as the first secretary in the village to fight poverty, Huang Xukun took up the work of the party branch of Gushan Village without any hesitation.<br /> <br /> 党员同志，你们在哪里？老村干部，你们在哪里？村里的妇女骨干，青年骨干，你们都在哪里？<br /> <br /> Party members, where are you? Old village cadres, where are you? Women foundation and young foundation in the village, where are you?<br /> <br /> 黄旭坤开始了紧锣密鼓的串门行动。他坐在炕沿上，给大娘点着一袋烟；他走进大爷的场院，随手拿起一把扫帚，成了大爷的帮手；他走进田间地头，跟乡亲们一起掰玉米，起土豆；他的眼睛注视着村里的每一缕炊烟，他的双手触摸着这片土地的每一丝脉动。<br /> <br /> Huang Xukun began a tight string of action. He sat on the edge of the bed and lit a bag of cigarettes for the elder lady; he walked into the elder's yard, picked up a broom and became the elder's helper; he walked into the fields and broke corn cobs and picked potatoes with the villagers; he watched every wisp of smoke in the village, and he touched every pulse of the land.<br /> <br /> ==Part 6==<br /> <br /> ==== Part 6a 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao(李心田 Li Xintian) ====<br /> <br /> 乡亲们奔走相告，来了一个黄书记，要领着咱们甩掉穷帽子呢……很快，两委成员到位，党员到位。全村上上下下，等待着黄旭坤的第一步棋。<br /> <br /> Villagers went round telling everyone that secretary Huang came to lead us to get rid of poverty... Soon, the members of village party branch and village committee were in place, and the party members were also in place. The whole village waited for Huang Xukun's first move.<br /> <br /> Villagers went round telling each other that secretary Huang had come to lead themselves to get rid of poverty... Soon, members of village two committees were in place, and the party members were also in place. The whole village waited for Huang Xukun's first move.<br /> <br /> 黄旭坤的第一步棋，就是向镇党委建议，对村党支部和村委会进行调整充实，让年富力强，心怀村民利益的同志进来。第二步棋就是强化制度建设，党务公开，政务公开，财务公开，启动村民代表和监委会的联合监督。他对全体党员说，沧海河流有砥柱，万山磅礴看主峰。谁是砥柱？就是我们这些在党旗下举手宣誓的共产党员，谁是主峰，就是村民们一票一票选出来的村干部！<br /> 我们要出来走两步！共产党员就是排头兵。<br /> <br /> Huang Xukun's first move was to suggest to the town party committee that the village party branch and the village committee should be adjusted and enriched, so as to let the young man with the interests of the villagers at heart come in. The second step is to strengthen the system construction, make the party affairs, government affairs and finance open, and start the joint supervision of villagers' representatives and the supervision committee. He told all the Party members that the sea and river have pillars, and the mountains look at the main peak majestically. Who is the mainstay? It is the Communist Party members who raise their hands to swear under the Party flag. Who is the main peak? It is the village cadres elected by the villagers! We have to come out and have a try! Communists are pioneers.<br /> <br /> Huang Xukun's first step was to suggest to the town party committee that the village party branch and the village committee should be adjusted and enriched, so as to enroll young and strong comrades with the interests of the villagers at heart. The second step was to strengthen the system construction through opening the party affairs, government affairs and finance affairs as well as starting the joint supervision of village representatives and the supervisory commission. He said to all the Party members, “The sea and river have its mainstay, and the main peak makes mountains majestic. Who is the mainstay? It is us Communist Party members who have raised our hands and taken an oath under the Party flag. Who is the main peak? It is the village cadres elected by villagers vote by vote! We should come out and have a try! Communists are pioneers.”<br /> <br /> 当村民们走进村委会的时候，眼前不由一亮，鲜艳的五星红旗升起来了，崭新的镰刀斧头的党旗挂起来了，办公室收拾得窗明几净，桌子上摆放着崭新的档案盒、文件夹、工作手册，并且安装上了网络，具备了基本的办公条件。黄旭坤没有说，这是他自掏腰包购买的。他懂得老百姓的心，面对热情洋溢的宣传鼓动，他们更愿意看到你所办的实事儿。<br /> <br /> When the villagers walked into the village committee, they could not help but see the bright five-star red flag rising, the party flag of the new sickle and axe was hung, the office was clean and tidy, new file boxes, folders, work manuals were placed on the table, and the network was installed, which provided the basic office conditions. Huang Xukun didn't say that he bought it out of his own pocket. He understands the hearts of the common people. In the face of enthusiastic publicity, they are more willing to see what you have done.<br /> <br /> When the villagers walked into the village committee, they could not help but get refreshed. A bright five-star red flag was up. A new sickle-axe party flag was hung. The office was clean and tidy. Brand new file boxes, file folders, work manuals were placed on the table. Network was also installed. All these provided basic office conditions. Huang Xukun didn't say that he bought them out of his own pocket. He understands people’s hearts: compared with enthusiastic propaganda, they were more willing to see your practical actions.<br /> <br /> ==== Part 6b 李彦 Li Yan(李梓玉 Li Ziyu)====<br /> <br /> 由于没有投资，全体党员干部义务劳动，整治脏乱差，改善全村人居环境。黄旭坤冲在最前头，党支部书记刘庆波，家里开着一家鞋店，当即关了店门，带着媳妇和两个店员来参加义务劳动。其它党员和村干部一看，也纷纷领来了自己的家属。这次义务劳动结束，把村里街道彻底清洁整理一遍，节省了七千余元的劳务费，更重要的是，让老百姓看到党员干部那是说干就干，不玩花架子，跟着他们脱贫致富大有希望。<br /> <br /> 后续的实事儿一件接着一件。村委会打了机井，村子里二十多年拉水吃的历史结束了，连接全村的18.7公里水泥路修通了，危房旧房改造的110套住房在建，幸福大院养老工程在建，400万扶贫资金落地，渗金吐、北洼等六个自然村传来了日夜不停的机器轰鸣声，七眼饮水井，五眼灌溉井很快完工，一次性解决2500口人吃水和2000亩地浇水难题。在党支部村委会的引领下，孤山子种植合作社成立了，每年收入可达140万；养殖合作社成立了，年收入可达到180万元 ；旅游合作社也成立了，每年收入是100万元。仅此三项，就带动20户42口人实现了脱贫。<br /> <br /> 人心齐，泰山移。黄旭坤和村两委的同志们团结奋战，全体村民人人参与，孤山子村的脱贫攻坚之路越走越宽敞。<br /> <br /> ==Part 7==<br /> <br /> ==== Part 7a 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu (刘婷婷 Liu Tingting) ====<br /> <br /> 三<br /> The Third Chapter<br /> <br /> 2017年8月18日，早晨四点，窗外下着大雨，黄旭坤接到包片干部任亚青的电话，说是邢家营子自然村村民之间发生了冲突，都动了铁锨和锄头，事态十分严重。黄旭坤一个骨碌下了床，启动汽车，瞬间穿入雨雾。<br /> <br /> It was raining heavily outside the window at four o 'clock in the morning on August 18, 2017. Huang Xukun received a phone call from Ren Yaqing, a cadre of a specific region, saying that there had been a conflict among the villagers of Xing Natural Village, and they had used shovels and hoes. The situation was very serious. Huang Xukun got out of <br /> bed, started the car and drive into the rain and fog in an instant.<br /> <br /> 邢家营子离村委会十公里，当时水泥路还没有修好，大雨滂沱，山路起起伏伏，泥泞曲折，很难辨识路况。黄旭坤走到3.4公里处，车轮滑入一个坭坑，保险杆损坏，半个车厢进水，没有办法继续开车前行了。黄旭坤打开车门，从泥水里爬出来，看看表已经是早上五点了，打个电话给邢家营子村干部，得知冲突还没有停止。<br /> <br /> The village of Xing was 10 kilometers away from the village committee. At that time, the concrete road had not been built, the rain was heavy, and the mountain road was bumpy and muddy, making it difficult to identify the road conditions. When Huang Xukun just drove for 3.4 kilometers, his wheel slipped into a mud pit, the bumper was damaged, and half of the carriage was flooded. He could not continue to drive. Huang Xukun opened the car door and climbed out of the muddy water. Looking at his watch, it was already five o 'clock in the morning. He called the cadre in Xing village, knowing that the conflict had not been stopped. <br /> <br /> 还有六公里的路程。黄旭坤把鞋里的泥水甩干净，迎着大雨翻过山岗，趟过泥洼，顾不上衣服被灌木刮破，也不没在意胳膊出现了流血的伤口，跌倒了，爬起来，泥滚身，身滚你，时而加速奔跑，时而小心翼翼地挪步，终于到达邢家营子村民纠纷现场。<br /> <br /> There were still six kilometers to go. He had cleaned the mud in his shoes and walked across mountain roads with mud in the heavy rain. He had no energy to care about the bushes that were scraping his clothes and leaving the bleeding wound in his arm undressed. He fell, and then he stand up. With mud all over his body, he sometimes ran fast, sometimes walked carefully. Finally, he made it to Xing village.<br /> <br /> 沉疴陋习，总是与贫穷的生活如影随形。邢家营子争端是因为大雨，雨来了，流入了上一家的田地，上一家就垫高田埂，自家的田保住了，下家的田就被淹了，全村的地都是相连的，结果大部分人家都卷入了这场冲突。<br /> <br /> Poor lives are always followed by rotten thoughts. The dispute over villagers was caused by heavy rain. When the rain came, it flowed into the fields of the first family. The first family raised the footpath in their fields to protect their fields. The water then flew into the next family's fields. Most of the villagers got into this fight because the whole village's fields were connected. <br /> <br /> 突然有个泥人出现在纠纷现场，大喊着，不要闹了，闹下去有完没完？<br /> <br /> Suddenly, a man wearing mud clothes appeared, shouting, ” Stop fighting, when can you just stop fighting?”.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 7b 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin ( 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing ) ====<br /> <br /> 正在打仗的村民一愣，这大雨天的，谁能来咱们这穷地方？莫非天上掉下个孙悟空？<br /> <br /> 有人认出来了：“这不是驻村的黄书记吗？这大雨天的，您怎么来了？”<br /> <br /> 黄旭坤的确一肚子火。他一把夺过村民手中的铁锨和锄头把子，往地下重重一扔。怒吼一声：“不是你们叫我来的吗！你们不打仗我能来吗！”<br /> <br /> 一个怀着身孕的妇女被感动了，她无声地走到黄旭坤身边，给他撑起一把伞，毫不在意自己已经被雨水淋湿。<br /> <br /> 现场安静下来了。黄旭坤也无须在多说什么，他在前面走，大家都跟在他的身后，回到了村里。黄旭坤心里非常清楚，愚昧的根子是贫穷。他让村干部通知下去，一家出一个人，到村民组长家开会。<br /> <br /> “老祖宗说过，远亲不如近邻，什么意思？就是说乡里乡亲的住着，比你那在北京在赤峰打工的儿子闺女近多了，有用多了。我就不相信谁家能房顶开门，灶坑打井这辈子用不到邻居帮忙。所以近邻之间，可不能遇着点儿小事就闹生份！”<br /> <br /> “你们细想想，咱为啥要死守着这点庄稼，还不是因为全指着这点庄稼过日子，没有别的来钱道，为啥闹事，就是因为个人顾个人的小利益，要是打架联合起来，共同守着大盘子挣钱，还会有这事儿吗？”<br /> <br /> The villagers who were clashing were stunned, wondering who could come to our poor place in this rainy day? Might it be that monkey king fallen from the sky? Then someone recognized it was the secretary Huang that has came and asked the reason for his arrival. Huang Xukun was indeed sulky so he grabbed the shovel and hoe handle from the villagers' hands and threw them to the ground angrily. He roared: &quot;Did not you ask me to come! Can I come if you don't fight?&quot; A pregnant woman was touched by his words, so she wordlessly went to Huang Xukun's side, holding an umbrella for him without caring that herself was drenched by the rain. The villagers quieted down and Huang Xukun knew there's no need for other words, so he walked in front, with the villagers following him backing to the village. He knows very well that the root of ignorance is poverty so he asked the village cadres to notify each family to select a person to the village group leader's home for a meeting. He said: Ancestors has told us that better is a neighbor that is near than a brother far off. What does that mean? It means that the villagers live in the countryside is much more useful than your son and daughter working in Beijing and Chifeng. I do not believe that who can open the door on the roof, building pits and wells without the help of neighbors for his whole life? Therefore, there is no way for neighbors to have a quarrel over a small matter. The reason why we have to hold on to this crop is that we all rely on this crop to live and cares about our personal interest. But if we unite together with a big cake to share, Will there be such a ridiculous thing ?<br /> <br /> ==Part 8==<br /> <br /> ==== Part 8a 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen (陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin) ====<br /> <br /> 村民们们你一言我一语，说“可不是吗，黄书记，你把我们心里说得透亮透亮的。往后听您的，谋略点大事，咱邢家营子也要脱贫致富达小康。”<br /> <br /> The villagers are fiercely discussing: &quot;Yes, Secretary Huang, you light our heart. We will listen to you in the future and negotiate some big issues, We Xingjia camp also want to get rid of poverty to be moderately prosperous.&quot;<br /> <br /> The villagers are fiercely discussing, &quot;Yes, Secretary Huang, you voiced our heart. We will listen to you in the future and negotiate some big issues, We Xingjia camp also want to get rid of poverty to be moderately prosperous.&quot;<br /> <br /> 这家说要杀鸡，那家说要宰羊，一定留黄书记在村里吃顿热乎乎的家常饭。<br /> <br /> In order to treat Secretary Huang a hot home-cooked meal in the village, one family said they would kill the chicken, the other said they would kill the sheep. <br /> <br /> Our family said they would spare no effort to treat you a hot home-cooked meal in the village. <br /> <br /> 黄旭坤说：“饭就免了吧。我的汽车还在水坑里泡着呢，请你们帮个忙给拽出来。”<br /> <br /> Huang Xukun said, &quot;Just skip the meal. My car is still in the puddle. Please do me a favor and pull it out.&quot;<br /> <br /> Huang Xukun said, &quot;Just skip the meal. My car is still in the puddle. Please do me a favor and pull it out.&quot;<br /> <br /> 有人开着拖拉机，有人拿着钢丝绳，村民们争先恐后到了现场，把黄旭坤的车从泥坑里拽了出来。黄旭坤掏出五十元钱，说给大家买点烟抽。村民组长说，黄书记，快拿回去，你帮我们解决这么大问题，我们要你的钱，那太丢脸了……<br /> <br /> With tractors, wire ropes, villagers rushed to there and pulled Huang's car out of the puddle. Huang Xukun took out 50 yuan and decide to buy some cigarettes for everyone. The leader of the villagers said: Secretary Huang, take it back, you helped us solve such a big problem, it is too shameful to receive your money...<br /> <br /> With tractors, wire ropes, villagers rushed to help to pull Huang's car out of the puddle one after another. Huang Xukun took out 50 yuan, saying to buy some cigarettes for them. The leader of the villagers said: Secretary Huang, take it back, please.It is too shameful to receive your money, for you had helped us solve such a big problem...<br /> <br /> 黄旭坤就这样成了村民的贴心人，主心骨。有困难找黄书记，哪有有困难，哪里就有黄书记。在他们的眼里，黄书记钢筋铁骨，无所不能，是一个浑身志勇，无往而不胜的大能人。<br /> <br /> In this way, Huang Xukun became the villagers' close friend and backbone. Where there are difficulties, there is Secretary Huang. In their eyes, Secretary Huang is reinforced, omnipotent, brave, intelligent and invincible man. <br /> <br /> In this way, Huang Xukun became the villagers' close friend and also the backbone. When villagers meet difficulties, they will turn to Huang. Where there are difficulties, there is Secretary Huang. In their eyes, Secretary Huang is a reinforced, omnipotent, brave, intelligent and invincible man. <br /> <br /> 村里有位独居老人，七十六岁了，叫王明兰。在烧炕的时候，不小心引起了一场大火，把自己家的房子彻底烧毁。白发苍苍的老人面对一堆冒着黑烟的灰烬，失声大哭，冷冷的秋风一阵阵袭来，她浑身发抖，萌生了寻短见的想法。黄书记来了，给她带来一个实实在在的承诺，入冬前，一定让您老人住上暖暖和和的新房。黄书记的话掷地有声，一座红砖瓦房，很快建成了，有上下水，还有取暖小锅炉，比老人原来的房宽敞暖和了很多。老人这一次是喜极而泣，她拉着村干部的手说：“有这样好的干部关心我，我再也不用为年老害怕了，我要好好活下去。”<br /> <br /> There is a seventy-six years old man, Wang Minglan, living alone in the village. When warming the heatable brick bed, she accidentally caused a big fire and burned down her house completely. Facing a pile of ash with black smoke, the white-haired old man, bursted into tears. With cold autumn wind waving, she trembled and had the idea of suicide. Huang secretary came and brought her a real commitment: before winter, he must let her live on a warm and harmonious new house. Secretary Huang's promise is so powerful that a red brick tile house was built soon with drainage system and heating small boiler, more spacious and warmer than the old man's original room. This time, the old man wept tears of joy. She took the village cadre's hand and said: &quot;There is such a good cadre who care about me. I don’t need to be afraid of being old. I want to live well.&quot;<br /> <br /> There is a seventy-six years old woman, Wang Minglan, living alone in the village. When warming the heatable brick bed, she accidentally caused a big fire, which made her house broken badly. Facing a pile of ash with black smoke, the white-haired old man bursted into tears. With cold autumn wind waving, she trembled and had the idea of suicide. Secretary Huang came and brought her a real commitment: before winter, he must let her live in a warm and harmonious new house. Secretary Huang's promise is so powerful that a red brick tile house was built soon with drainage system and heating small boiler, more spacious and warmer than the old woman's original house. This time, the old woman wept tears of joy. She took the village cadre's hand and said: &quot;There is such a good cadre who cares about me. I don’t need to be afraid of being old. I will live well.&quot;<br /> <br /> ==== Part 8b 马明宇 Ma Mingyu (彭琦 Peng Qi) ====<br /> <br /> 为西洼村民组的独居老人李桂兰能够排解孤独，黄旭坤回家，把自己家的新电视拉来，送给了老人；<br /> <br /> In order to help Li Guilan, an old man living alone in Xiwa Village, relieve loneliness, Huang Xukun went home and brought his new TV to her.<br /> <br /> In order to help Li Guilan, an old woman living alone in Xiwa Village, relieve her loneliness, Huang Xukun went home to brought his new TV to her.<br /> <br /> 村里有三十户人家的孩子就学困难，黄旭坤通过各种渠道请求支援，获得了爱心人士一万余元的物质支持，使他们高高兴兴地进入了新学期。<br /> <br /> There are children from 30 families in the village who have difficulty in school. Huang Xukun asked for support through various methods and received more than 10000 yuan from loving people, making them enter the new term happily.<br /> <br /> 30 families in the village have financial trouble in their kids’ schooling. Huang asked for help through various channels and eventually received some 10,000 yuan, which enabled the kids to go to school. <br /> <br /> 没有人知道，黄书记也有病痛伤心、软弱无助的时候，一个个夜晚，他是怎样躺在宿舍的床上辗转反侧，忍着疼痛坚持到天亮的。由于年轻时军训留下的损伤和长期的劳累，他患有腰间盘突出和结肠炎，自从来到孤山子村当驻村第一书记，他的双休日都是在工作中度过的，他的除夕夜、中秋节、国庆节都是在村里和孤寡老人、困难群众一起度过的。倒是经常有机会到旗里办事、开会，可是每次都忙得过家门而不入，一件事接一件事，件件事儿都需要和时间赛跑，哪里舍得时间上医院啊，平常他只能靠吃药止痛消炎，维持现状。<br /> <br /> No one knows that Secretary Huang was also sick, sad, weak and helpless. And no one knows how he tossed and turned in his dormitory bed one night after another and endured the pain until dawn. He suffered from lumbar disc herniation and colitis due to the injury left by military training and long-term fatigue in his youth. Since he came to Gushanzi Village as the first secretary in the village, he has spent his weekends at work. His New Year's Eve, Mid Autumn Festival and National Day are also spent in the village with the elderly, widows and needy people. He often has the opportunity to work and hold meetings in the county, but he is always too busy to go hospital. One thing after another, everything needs to race against time. He can’t afford to go there. Usually, he can only take medicine to relieve pain and inflammation and maintain the status quo.<br /> <br /> No one knew that Secretary Huang also had times when he was sick and sad, weak and helpless. And no one knew how he tossed and turned in his dormitory bed one night after another and endured the pain through the nights. He suffered from lumbar disc herniation and colitis due to injuries from military training in his youth and long-term fatigue. Since he came to Gushanzi Village as the first secretary in the village, he has spent his weekends at work. The New Year's Eve, Mid-Autumn Festival, and National Day were all spent in the village with the elderly and people in need. He had chances to work and hold meetings in the county, but he was too busy for home. One thing after another, everything needs to race against time. He can’t afford to go there. Oftentimes, he took medicines for relieving pain and inflammation. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 肉体的磨难可以靠意志抗住，内心的愧疚和伤痛，却不是忍一忍就可以忘记的。说到这里，黄旭坤流泪了。<br /> <br /> The physical suffering can be resisted by the will. But the guilt and pain in the heart can not be forgotten after enduring it. Speaking of this, Huang Xukun shed tears.<br /> <br /> The physical suffering can be resisted by the will. But the guilt and pain in the heart won’t disappear as time goes by. Speaking of this, Huang Xukun shed tears.<br /> <br /> ==Part 9==<br /> <br /> ==== Part 9a 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin (覃诗雅 Qin Shiya )====<br /> <br /> “去年1月20日，那是一个周六，我本该休息。由于正在进行全村贫困户施策大排查，上级要求不能落下一个符合政策的贫困户，也把以前审查不严时纳入的贫困户重新摸底研判，要求星期一早晨必须上报，此项任务直接关系下一步全旗的扶贫攻坚工作。我正带着干部紧张工作。 下午四点多，我叔叔打来电话说：“三啊，你弟弟快不行了，你婶子哭的要命，我也不知道怎么办，你快回来看看吧！”<br /> “我应该立即回去，安慰叔叔和婶子，送别亲爱的堂弟。我的老家在农村，从小是在我叔叔家长大的，这么多年以来，叔叔和婶子拿我比自己的亲生儿子还看重，弟弟对我也特别亲，小时候，每逢年节，叔叔买点水果或其它好吃的，弟弟总是把最大的那个给我吃。还记得我 入伍那年，弟弟十四岁，穿着一双漏脚趾头的黄胶鞋，到旗武装部送我。在我临出发时，他用手绢包着一百多元钱，塞进了我的衣兜，那是他利用寒暑假挖甘草积攒下来的钱，自己都没舍得花一分。<br /> <br /> &quot;On January 20 last year, it was a Saturday, and I should have taken a break. As a thorough investigation moved on to research for poor households in the villages, the higher authorities asked that no poor households that met the policy should be left behind. They also made a thorough investigation about the poor households that had been included when the previous review was not strict, and required that they must report on Monday morning. The task is directly related to the next step of poverty alleviation. I'm working hard with my cadres. At more than four o'clock in the afternoon, my uncle called, saying, &quot;Three, your cousin is dying. Your aunt is crying. I don't know what to do. Please come back and have a look!&quot; &quot;I should go back immediately to comfort my uncle and aunt and see off my dear cousin. My hometown is in the countryside and I grew up in my uncle's home. Over the years, my uncle and aunt have valued me more than their own son. My cousin is also very close to me. When I was young, my uncle bought some fruit or other delicious food every New Year, and my brother always gave me the biggest one. When I joined the army, I still remember, my 14-year-old younger cousin, wearing a pair of yellow rubber shoes with toes outside, went to the flag armed department to see me off. When I was about to leave, he wrapped more than one hundred yuan in his handkerchief and put it into my pocket. It was the money he had saved by digging licorice in winter and summer vacations. He didn't want to spend any of it.<br /> <br /> 我后来转业在城里安了家，每当家里园子下来的第一茬菜，弟弟就会赶着毛驴车，步行三十多公里，先给我送来……农村每年腊月要杀猪准备过年，叔叔全家每年都是等到我回家才杀猪，为的是让我吃上新鲜的杀猪菜。每到那几天，弟弟总是高兴地忙前忙后，走时还得给我带上一个肘子……手头的工作必须按时交卷，亲人远去将永不归来，我心如刀割，假装出去出方便，面对老家的方向，让眼泪哗哗地流出来。工作任务没有耽误，可我愧对了叔叔婶子的养育之恩，也愧对了兄弟的手足之情。”<br /> <br /> Later, I changed my work and settled down in the city. Whenever the earliest vegetables came from the garden, my brother would send it to me first by taking his cart and walking more than 30 kilometers... Every December in the countryside, pigs would be killed for the New Year, as my uncle and his families would wait until I came home to kill pigs every year, so that I could eat fresh pork.Every few days, my cousin always bustles with happiness, and ask me to take an elbow when I leave... The work at hand must be handed in on time, and the relatives who are dying will never come back. Pretending to go out for convenience, I am so heartbroken that I burst into tears towards the direction of my hometown. I was ashamed of my uncle and aunt's upbringing and my cousin's brotherhood, although my work has not been delayed.&quot;<br /> <br /> <br /> ==== Part 9b 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei(仇绪 Qiu Xu)====<br /> <br /> 黄旭坤说，即使到了现在，他都不敢听别人叫哥哥，不敢看别人家兄弟在一起团聚的场面。 <br /> <br /> Huang Xukun said that until now he was afraid to hear others call their own brothers and watch other families gathering together.<br /> <br /> 终于，孤山子村有了令人欣慰的成果，2017年，孤山村摘掉了戴了二十多年的软弱涣散帽子，贫困发生率从35.3％降至0.48％。贫困户从316户、699人，降至7户14人，顺利通过了验收。孤山村2019年退出了贫困村行列，被评为脱贫攻坚先进单位。<br /> <br /> Finally, great achievements has been made in Gu Shanzi village. In 2017, the village got rid of weakness that has lasted more than twenty years. Its poverty incidence dropped from 35.3 percents to 0.48 percents, the number of poor family and person reducing from 316 to 7 and from 699 to 14 respectively, which made it pass the poverty-alleviation test successively. In 2019, the village overcame poverty and was elected as the advanced unit in poverty alleviation. <br /> <br /> 黄旭坤也被评为“系统优秀共产党员”“全旗优秀驻村第一书记”“全市扶贫模范”“全市脱贫攻坚先进个人”。我在采访结束之前问他，你的任务完成了，是不是该回机关复归按部就班的状态了，他这样回答我——“听从组织安排，不干不行，干就干好”。<br /> <br /> And Huang was acclaimed as “Outstanding Member of Communist Party” in the department, “Excellent First Secretary” in the autonomous banner, “Model of Poverty Alleviation” and “Advanced Individual of Poverty Alleviation” in the city. In the end of this interview, I asked him, “Your task has been finished. Will you go back to your original station?” He answered, “Follow the organization's instructions and try my best.”<br /> <br /> ==Part 10==<br /> <br /> ==== Part 10a 全永慧 Quan Yonghui( 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman) ====<br /> <br /> 长大后，我就成了你<br /> 一<br /> 对于90前后的年轻人来说，追星是必须的，赶时髦也是不可或缺的。若问他们崇拜什么人物，那么我们得到的答案往往都是成功者。这些成功者，必定拥有大量的财富，或者站在某一行业的绝对制高点。<br /> <br /> 刘叶阳和他的同龄者有一点不同，那就是他从童年到如今，一直保持着对父亲的崇拜。长大我，我要成为你，这是刘叶阳的人生梦想。<br /> <br /> 刘叶阳的父亲是赤峰市县级机关里的一个科级干部。他出生在赤峰市喀喇沁旗牛家营子镇团结村，后来读书和工作始终没有离开过这片区域，在最接地气的工作岗位上,他一干就是大半辈子，一步步从民办教师，村宣传委员，乡党办秘书，副乡长走到今天的岗位，总结起来，还真的没有什么轰轰烈烈之类的壮举，就是一个踏踏实实，勤勤恳恳的老党员、老公务员。 <br /> <br /> ==== Part 10b 疏珊 Shu Shan(王芳玲 Wang Fangling ) ====<br /> <br /> 童年的夕阳透出无限的暖意，哪怕脚下是一层厚厚的白雪，寒风把他圆鼓鼓的小脸吹得像个红萝卜，小叶阳也会站在家门口的路边固执地等待。父亲会在这个时刻回家，他总是骑着那辆老旧的自行车，从远处的桔红色光芒中走来，脸上满是汗珠和霜雪。他使劲蹬了两下车，飞快地在儿子跟前停住，伸出一只手，把儿子从地上捞起来，放在自行车的大梁上，然后推着宝贝儿子，一路有说有笑地往家走。<br /> <br /> In his childhood, the sunset was warm. Even if there was a thick layer of white snow under his feet and the cold wind made his chubby little face turn red as a carrot, little Ye Yang would stand by the roadside in front of his home and wait stubbornly. His father often came home at this time. With beads of sweat and snow in the face, the father rode an old bicycle, caming from a distant place glowing with orange. He pedalled as hard as he could and stopped before his son. Reaching his arm around his son, he placed him on the bike's beam. Then he moved his bike, laughing and talking with his son all the way home.<br /> <br /> The sunset time at his childhood was warm. Despite of a thick layer of white snow under his feet and his chubby little face turned red as a carrot due to the cold wind, little Ye Yang would stand by the roadside in front of his home, waiting his father stubbornly. Almost at the same period of time, his father often came home on an old bicycle with beads of sweat and snow on his face, under orange glow of the sunset. After pedaling the bike as hard as he could for several times, his father would then stop suddenly in front of his son, reaching his arm around the boy and placing him on the bike’s beam. Then walking the bike with the little boy on it , they would go back home with laughter and words.<br /> <br /> 小小的叶阳对爸爸口袋里的糖果更有兴趣，他不知道这是父亲从十分拮据的伙食费里节省出来的。<br /> <br /> Little Ye Yang was more interested in the sweets in his father's pocket, not knowing that his father had saved on a tight food budget.<br /> <br /> Little Ye Yang was more interested in the sweets in his father's pocket, not knowing that his father had saved on a tight food budget.<br /> <br /> 父亲当时在赤峰学院就读，这是他在有了两个孩子之后的选择。别人说，你其实大可不必吃这份苦，就凭你那脑袋瓜儿，在家养点牛羊什么的，或者做点小买卖，再不济把地侍弄好了，几年就能发起来，也不至于煎两个鸡蛋，还要往里面兑一把面粉，吃得直吧嗒嘴。父亲不为所动，他毅然通过考试，成为一个大叔级年龄的大学生。赤峰离牛家营子乡四十公里，他一次都没有坐过汽车，就靠一辆自行车走完了二年的求学之路。<br /> <br /> His father was a student in Chifeng College. He decided to study after having two children. &quot;You don't have to suffer this hardship. With that brain, you can raise some cattle and sheep at home, or do small business, or even take care of the land. You will make a fortune in a few years with no need to live hard. Now you can only fry two eggs and even add a handful of flour to them. You eat them with your mouth full as if you never taste such good food,&quot; said others. The father was not impressed and determined to pass exams. He became a university student when he was old enough to be called uncle by his classmates. Although Chifeng was forty kilometres from Niujiayingzi Township, he never once took a car, and rode the bike to school for two years. （Shu Shan）<br /> <br /> Despite of being a father of two kids, his father chose to be a student at Chifeng College. &quot;You don't have to suffer the hardship. It won’t be several years for you to get a better life by raising some cattle and sheep at home, doing small business or taking care of the land as the least favorable choice. Now being a college student, you can only afford simple food, fried eggs and a handful of flour. In spite of those comments, he still determined to be a college student at an elder age after passing the exam successfully. He never commuted between his hometown, Niujiayingzi Town and Chifeng, 40kms away from the town once by bus. It was the bike that he counted on for 2 years of education. （Wang Fangling）<br /> <br /> ==Part 11==<br /> <br /> ==== Part 11a 王露 Wang Lu(王琪 Wang Qi )====<br /> <br /> <br /> 许多年之后，刘叶阳还记得父亲脚上那双带裂痕的旧皮鞋上，还记得父亲肩头那只重重的旧书包。<br /> <br /> 父亲在外读书工作，母亲一个人忙着种地和家务，小叶阳就成了一个自由自在的小牛犊，从小贪玩导致了他后来面对高考的望而却步。父亲并没有发火，一遍遍鼓励儿子，实力是点灯熬油积攒下来的，拼一拼才知道自己到底怎么样。刘叶阳大学毕业之后，又在父亲的支持下，连考三年而不气馁，终于考上了公务员。也许就是命运使然，他也像父亲一样，做了牛家营子乡的党办秘书，在这个父亲曾经的单位里，他的同事很多都是长辈，他们见到刘叶阳，第一句话都是——刘永军的儿子肯定错不了。他们告诉刘叶阳，你爸那人啊，大事小事，没有一件事不认真，个人事再大，也总是放在工作后面，在乡镇合并，人事调整的时候，他一没找领导要岗位，二没在原地等消息，而是到外地招商引资去了…… 刘叶阳在这里工作了三年，上班的时候，父亲是一面无形镜子，时时刻刻审视着他，砥砺着他；回到家里，父亲就是他随时请教的老师，他永远不能忘记父亲的教诲——事事出以公心，不谋私利，什么时候你都能站住脚。<br /> <br /> 长大后，我就成了你。<br /> <br /> 刘叶阳这个岗位上干了三年，只能干好，不能懈怠。因而也慢慢体会了父亲当年的心思，明白了父亲为什么顶着生活的重压去求学，后来为什么苦苦坚持鼓励自己考学读书，他追求的绝不仅仅是一张文凭，一个稳定的工作岗位，而是通过受教育，获得人生必不可少的望远镜和显微镜，望远镜瞭望人类的大前景，显微镜可以体察自己周围的小世界。<br /> Years passing, Liu Yeyang still remembered father’s cracked old leather shoes and the bag on his shoulder. <br /> <br /> Liu’s father worked and pursued knowledge outside and his mother did the farming and housework alone, so that little Liu was a mischievous monkey, which make him flinch away from national college entrance examination. However, Liu’s father didn’t get angry. Instead, he encouraged Liu over and over again that the strength consisted of hard work, and you didn’t know your potential until you worked hard. With father’s support, Liu was not discouraged for the failure for three years and admitted to civil servant after he was graduated from college. Maybe it was fate that, like his father, he became the secretary of Party Committe Office of Niujiayingzi village. Most of the colleagues were elders who said Liu Yongjun’s kid must be great the first time met him. They told Liu, &quot;your dad takes everything serious, no matter major issue or not. He always gives priority to his job instead of his private affairs. At the time of township merge and personnel adjustment, he focused on inviting foreign investment instead of pursuing a job or waiting for information on job......&quot; Liu had worked here for three years. When working, he modeled himself on his father who was like an invisible mirror, supervising him as well as encouraging him; back home, father was like a teacher whose warnings was unforgettable—if you are altruistic and put people first, you will consolidate your position.<br /> <br /> After growing up, I became you.<br /> <br /> Liu had been in the position for three years, and what he could do is to go all out without remissness. Therefore, he understood his father ‘s insistence on pursuing knowledge under the life pressure and pushing him to study hard. Father’s aspiration is absolutely not to get a diploma or a steady job, but to gain a essential perspective on personal life, human’s prospect and the world around himself. (Wang Lu)<br /> <br /> ====Part 11b 汪世博 Wang Shibo(王雅姝 Wang Yashu)====<br /> <br /> 二<br /> 2016年3月，父亲刘永军在旗人大财经委主人岗位上，被选派到王爷府村当驻村第一书记；在旗委宣传部当干事的儿子刘叶阳，被派到马鞍山村当驻村工作队队员、驻村第一书记，父子俩同时奔赴喀喇沁旗脱贫攻坚主战场。<br /> 第一次作为一个下派干部来到村里，年轻的刘叶阳没有任何经验，尽管是带着一片真心，一腔热情，住在村里简陋的宿舍，吃着村里简朴的伙食，可是，一时还不能走进村民的心里。<br /> 他在入户时发现了一个青年非常放任自流，每天懒懒洋洋，在村里晃来晃去，就是不肯上学，就主动去做思想工作，劝说这个青年人赶紧回学校读书，告诉他将来整个社会的文化水平提高了，没文化，<br /> 挑个门户过日子都不成……万没想到那个年轻人，突然大发雷霆，冲着他就来了——再让我去上学，我就用砖头子拸死你。 <br /> 简直是莫名其妙，他在手足无措的同时，还有几分畏惧。<br /> <br /> In March 2016, his father, Liu Yongjun, who was in the position of master of the Finance and Economics Committee of the Banner People's Congress, was selected to be the first secretary in the village of Wang-Ya-Fu; his son, Liu Yeyang, who was an officer in the Propaganda Department of the Banner Committee, was sent to Ma'anshan Village as a member of the village task force and the first secretary in the village, and both father and son went to the main battlefield of poverty alleviation in Karachin Banner at the same time. The first time he came to the village as a cadre, the young Liu Yeyang did not have any experience, although it was with a sincere heart and enthusiasm, living in the village's simple dormitory, eating the village's simple food, but, for a while, he could not enter the hearts of the villagers. He found a youth very indulgent in the household, every day lazy, wandering around the village, just refused to go to school, took the initiative to do ideological work, persuaded the young man to hurry back to school, told him that the future of the whole society to improve the level of education, no culture, pick a portal to live a life is not ...... never thought that The young man, suddenly lashing out, rushed to him - and then let me go to school, I will use a brick to kill you. It is simply inexplicable, he was at a loss for words at the same time, there are a few fears.(Wang Shibo)<br /> <br /> In March 2016, Liu Yeyang was sent to Maanshan Village as a member of the task force on poverty alleviation and the first secretary of the Party branch of the village while being an officer in the Publicity Department of the Party's Committee of Kalaqin County. At the same time, his father Liu Yongjun, who was then the chairman of the Finance and Economics Committee of the People's Congress of Kalaqin County, was selected to be the first secretary of Wangyefu Village. In parallel, father and son went to the county's most impoverished places. Despite Liu Yeyang's sincerity and enthusiasm, the young man was inexperienced since it was the first time that he had worked as a cadre of the village. He slept in a primitive room and ate simple dishes, just like other villagers, but that was not enough to make them open their heart to him. Once when he visited a family, he found an adolescent boy who, aimless and lethargic, drifted around the village every day and refused to go to school. In an attempt to change the boy's mind, Liu tried to persuade the boy to return to school by saying that if he didn't go back to school, he would not be able to find a partner in the future when the whole society except himself have got more educated. However, the younger flew into a rage when hearing his words and shouted against him, &quot;Next time you ask me to go back to school, I'll beat you up!&quot; Liu didn't expect to receive such reaction. In fact, he was totally stupefied, not knowing what to do, gripped by a slight feeling of fear.(Wang Yashu)<br /> <br /> ==Part 12==<br /> <br /> ====Part 12a 王智灵 Wang Zhiling (伍超穎 Wu Chaoying)====<br /> <br /> 第一次主持村民代表会议，议题是评选困难家庭列入贫困户。通知八点半开会，村民代表们哩哩啦啦，到了十点还没有完全到齐。刘叶阳和另一个工作队队员，坐在会议室耐心地等着，村民们好像没看见他们似的，互相聊着张家长李家短，嘻嘻哈哈地开着一些荤笑话。一些人来晚了，还不让问为什么，一问就有点恼火。他们说，我们家里一堆活儿等着呢，哪有时间在这儿听你们念文件念政策，啥事儿直说，说多了我们也听不懂。<br /> It was Liu Yeyang’s first time presiding over the villager representative meeting, and the topic was to select the poor families to be included in the poor households. Villager representatives had been informed to attend the meeting at 8:30, but they came on and off and were still not fully present by 10:00. Sitting in the meeting room, Liu Yeyang and another work team member waited patiently. However, the villagers chatted with each other about gossip, laughing at some dirty jokes as if they hadn't seen them. Some people came late but don’t let others ask about the reasons. They immediately get a little annoyed when they were asked. They said, “We had a lot of work left to do in our family. There was no time for us to listen to your reading of documents and policies here. Let's talk straight about everything. We can't understand too much.”<br /> <br /> 其实这天开会，村民并不是真的不关心，而是带着一肚子不满意来的。<br /> In fact, on that day’s meeting, the villagers were not really unconcerned, but came with a stomach of dissatisfaction.<br /> <br /> 刘叶阳说今天要听听你们的意见，看看咱们村哪些户合乎贫困户标准，咱们就把他家列进去，按照政策给予扶贫帮助。<br /> Liu Yeyang said, “we should listen to your opinions today to see which households in our village meet the criteria for poor households. We will list them in the poor households and help them with poverty alleviation according to the policy.”<br /> <br /> 明明是要评选新年度的贫困户，有人却翻起了旧账。<br /> It is obviously to choose the poor households through public appraisal in the new year, but some people raked up the past.<br /> <br /> 那谁谁家，有车还有房，为什么就当上了贫困户？<br /> That family owns a car and a house. Why did they rated as a poor household?<br /> <br /> 那谁谁家，有儿女在外面开店做买卖，怎么能当贫困户？<br /> The other family has children open shops outside to do business. How can they be a poor household?<br /> <br /> 我们家老人病到炕上好几年了，怎么我们就评不上贫困户？<br /> The old in our family have been ill on the kang for several years. Why can't we be rated as a poor household? <br /> <br /> 这个会开乱套了。不知道谁开的头——你们工作队给我们这些村民代表带来啥好处了？是有钱还是有物……你们不公平……<br /> The meeting was a mess. It’s unclear who started saying- “what benefits did your work team bring to our villager representatives? Money or materials......You are unfair......”<br /> <br /> 刘叶阳站起来，示意大家静下来，根本没人听他的。他大喊来一声：“你们听我说——”，眼泪就没出息地流了出来。<br /> Liu Yeyang stood up and motioned for everyone to calm down but none of them obeyed him. He cried out, &quot;Listen to me --&quot;, and then tears came out involuntarily. <br /> <br /> ====Part 12b 吴敏 Wu Min(席书涵 Xi Shuhan) ====<br /> <br /> 大家静了，不一会儿接着在底下嘀咕，看吧，嘴上没毛，干事儿不牢，一整就哭，算啥本事？<br /> <br /> Everyone quieted down but started to murmur again in a minute,&quot;Look! The guy without beard cannot be reliable, once he meets some trouble, he knows nothing but cry. What a shame!&quot; <br /> <br /> 听到这句话，刘叶阳不由火冒三丈。他狠狠抹一把眼泪，声嘶力竭地喊起来：“你们能不能尊重点儿事实，我们怎么就不公平了？”<br /> <br /> Heard that Liu Yeyang couldn't help to lose his spleen, he wiped his tear with full strength and roared fiercely,&quot; Can you guys respect the fact? How can you say we are unfair?&quot; <br /> <br /> <br /> “2014年和2015年的贫困户是我们工作队定的吗？还不是你们村民代表自己选出来的吗，你们当时拉帮结伙，投关系票，有话不说，装在肚子里发芽，现在来章程了。我们工作队是2016年进来的，那一年你们也看到了，我们工作做得有多细致，对贫困户条件审查得多严格，你们刚才说了半天，有一户是2016年评的吗？你们说呀？”<br /> <br /> &quot;Were the poor households in the year of 2014 and 2015 chosen by our work team? weren't that chosen by your own village representatives? It was you who formed cliques, voted those who have connections, and refused to air your opinions at that time but let your wrath grow, now you feel unfair? Our work team settled down in your village in 2016, and all you can say how detailed our work was and how strict our examination for poor households was. You guys have complained for such a long time, and you say if any poor household you just mentioned is examined in 2016, why not continue?&quot; <br /> <br /> 这一回带头瞎吵吵的人没底气了，刘叶阳绷着脸，主持履行了会议程序，票选认定了新年度的贫困户。<br /> <br /> At this time, the leading troublers became unsured. Then Liu Yeyang put on a poker-face and presided the meeting to choose out the new poor households of this year.<br /> <br /> 周末回到家，眼看妻子带着身孕，一边照顾大女儿，一边还要上班，同时还承担了贫困户定点帮扶的工作任务，累得无精打采。他想着自己工作没干好不说，家里还没照顾上，心里非常沮丧。父亲看出<br /> 了他情绪不好，刘叶阳含着眼泪把这事跟父亲学了一遍。<br /> <br /> When he came back home on weekends, he felt depressed to see his pregnant wife weary from taking care of older daughter, going to work and taking charge of the targeted poverty alleviation task as he thought he failed to do well both in his work and his family. As his father found he was in bad mood, Liu Yeyang related the whole thing to his father with tears in his eyes. <br /> <br /> 父亲笑了，他拍拍儿子的肩膀，给了两点建议。第一，对待老乡要耐心，农村封闭了这么多年，让他们认识新事物需要一个过程。第二，过去我们下乡往往是走过场，给老百姓留下了印象。所以老乡不爱听大道理，不爱听套话，就看你办不办实事儿，当你帮他们把困难解决了，他们就会信任你。第三，仅仅依靠村两委，因为他们了解情况，又有工作经验。<br /> <br /> The father patted his son's shoulder with a smile and gave him some advice: The first, treat villagers with patience as the countryside has been enclosed for so many years, it takes time to let them accept the new things. Second, our work in the countryside which was just a facial-project in the past left a bad impression to villagers, so they loathe empty talks and devious words but see whether you can actually help them. When you solved the problems for them, they will trust you naturally. Third, tightly rely on the village party branch and village committee because they know well both the real conditions and the working experience.<br /> <br /> 刘叶阳回到村里，心情不再波动。他走户入门，不论是不是贫困户，他都嘘寒问暖，耐心了解他们的生产生活情况，进门见到活儿就动手帮着干，遇到老乡家的困难事儿，就拿出小本子记下来，尽快张罗解决。<br /> <br /> Liu Yeyang calmed down himself and returned to the village. He began to drop in each door, and no matter they were poor households or not, he would chat with them to know their production and living conditions. Once he entered the door and saw there were chores undone, he would give a hand and once he knew a family encountered some trouble, he would jot the matter down and tried to solve it as soon as possible.<br /> <br /> ==Part 13==<br /> <br /> ====Part 13a 黄安安Huang Anan (夏紫纯 Xia Zichun)====<br /> <br /> <br /> 在入户的过程中，他和一位六十四岁的老人熟悉了。这位老人生活困难，老伴还是个聋哑人。有一天夜里刮大风，把他家的电视接收天线刮移位了，看不到电视，老两口只好坐在门口的石头上打瞌睡。当他告诉把这事儿告诉了刘叶阳，刘叶阳马上说：“大爷别急，让我上去看看。”<br /> In the process of entering the house,he got acquainted with a sixty-four-year-old man.This old man led a hard life and his wife was deaf and mute.One night, a strong wind blew away the antenna of his TV reception.They could not watch TV,the old couple had to sit on the stone in the doorway and doze off.When he told Liu Yeyang about it,Liu Yeyang immediately said&quot;Don’t worry,let me check it out.&quot;<br /> <br /> In registering into poor households, he became familiar with a 64-year-old man. This old man was living in difficulty, and his wife was deaf and mute. One night, the wind shifted the TV antenna of his house, so he couldn't watch TV, and the old man and his wife had to sit on the stone at the door and doze off. When he told the incident to Liu Yeyang, Liu Yeyang immediately said, “Old man, take it easy and let me go up and check it.”<br /> <br /> 别看刘叶阳是农村长大的孩子，可是一直是上学，考试，考试，上学，然后在机关写材料，登高上房、下地种田的活儿还真没干过。<br /> Although Liu Yeyang was a child who grew up in the countryside, he had been going to school, taking exams, and writing papers in the organ. He had never done the work of climbing up the roof and farming.<br /> <br /> Although Liu Yeyang was a child raised in the countryside, but he has been to school, taking exams, and writing papers in government agencies, but he has never done the work of climbing up to the house and down to the farm.<br /> <br /> 老人家的房子有三米多高，梯子只能够到瓦下面。刘叶阳本身有点恐高，登上梯子，两腿打颤，上不了房，他不想让老人看出他在害怕，两手按住房檐，胳膊一撑，悠上了屋顶。他不敢往四周看，半蹲半爬，降低身体重心，拿着小锅形的天线，连续从几个方向寻找信号，找到了信号，又用砖头瓦块把天线固定好。当他听到大爷在地下喊：“有了，这回有了”的时候，在房上高兴得自己跟自己笑出了声。<br /> The house was more than three meters high, and the ladder could only reach under the tiles.Liu Yeyang himself was a little afraid of heights, when he climbed the ladder,his legs trembled and he could not go up to the roof.He did not want the old man to see that he was afraid,so he put his hands on the eaves of the house, and with one arm he swung up onto the roof.Afraid to look around, he half-crouched and half-climbed, lowered his body's center of gravity, took a small pot-shaped antenna, looked for a signal from several directions in a row, found the signal, and fixed the antenna with bricks and tiles.When he heard the old man shouting from the ground ,“Yes,it’s good this time”,he was so happy that he laughed with himself on the roof.<br /> <br /> The house was more than three meters high, and the ladder could only reach under the tiles.Liu Yeyang himself was a little afraid of heights.When he climbed the ladder,his legs trembled and he could not go up to the roof.He did not want the old man to see that he was afraid,so he put his hands on the eaves of the house, and with one arm he swung up onto the roof.Afraid to look around, he half-crouched and half-climbed, lowered his body's center of gravity, took a small pot-shaped antenna, looked for a signal from several directions in a row, found the signal, and fixed the antenna with bricks and tiles.When he heard the old man shouting from the ground ,“Yes,it’s good this time”,he was so happy that he laughed with himself on the roof.<br /> <br /> 贫困户郭瑞城四十三岁，家里三口人，只有六亩地，没有像别人家那样种山葡萄致富，还在种杂粮，每亩只能收入七百元，生活十分困难。有一天刘叶阳到他们家走访，看到沙发上坐着一个小姑娘，低着头，一句话也不说，便问：“小朋友，几年级了？ 你爸爸在家吗？”小姑娘还是不抬头，不说话。郭瑞城从厨房出来，告诉刘叶阳：“我们丫头眼睛不好了，看不见了。”<br /> Poor Guo Ruicheng was forty-three years old,three people in the family,only six acres of land,did not grow mountain grapes like other families to get rich,still planting grains, per mu can only earn seven hundred yuan, life is very difficult.One day Liu Yeyang visited their home, saw a little girl sitting on the sofa, bowed her head, did not say a word, and asked:“children,what grade are you in？Is your father home?” The little girl still not look or speak.Guo Ruicheng came out from the kitchen and told him that “Our girl has a problem with her eyes,she can't see”<br /> <br /> Poor Guo Ruicheng was forty-three years old,three people in the family,only six acres of land. He did not grow mountain grapes like other families to get rich,still planting grains and per mu can only earn seven hundred yuan, so life is very difficult.One day when Liu Yeyang visited their home, he saw a little girl sitting on the sofa, bowing her head, and not saying a word.So he asked:“little kid, what grade are you in？Is your father home?” The little girl still didn't look up or speak anything.Guo Ruicheng came out from the kitchen and told him that “Our girl has a problem with her eyes,she can't see anything.”<br /> <br /> ====Part 13b 向明慧 Xiang Minghui(肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu )====<br /> <br /> <br /> 刘叶阳心里一酸。细问得知，郭瑞城的女儿，在六岁时左眼得了青光眼，右眼得了白内障，视力下降很快，只好辍学。孩子的妈妈一看这种情况，就扔下孩子走了，再无音讯。<br /> <br /> Liu felt pity for her. Then he was told that the little girl had got glaucoma in her left eye and cataract in the right at the age of six, which led to her quick loss of vision and dropping out of school.Later, her mom abandoned her and has never been heard since then.<br /> <br /> Liu was suddenly seized with sadness. Then he carefully enquired as to Guo’s daughter who had got glaucoma in her left eye and cataract in the right at the age of six, which led to her quick loss of vision and dropping out of school. Later, her mom abandoned her and has never been heard since she knew that.<br /> <br /> 从此郭瑞城又当爹又当娘，每天给孩子洗脸喂饭，同时还要照顾他久病在床的老母亲。<br /> <br /> Guo had to take care of his daughter by himself, performing the roles of both mom and dad. Meanwhile, he need to see to his own mother being ill in bed for a long time.<br /> <br /> From then on Guo had to bring his daughter up by himself, performing the roles of both mom and dad. Meanwhile, he needed to take care of his own aged mother who got sick in bed for a long time.<br /> <br /> 他和刘叶阳唠：“我看着人家致富，能不着急吗，可是我只有两只手啊，顾上家里，就顾不上外面，真是愁死。”<br /> <br /> “I was eager to improve my life but I have neither time nor energy to take care of my families while making more money. What can I do?”Guo complained.<br /> <br /> “I was eager to improve my life like others, but I have neither time nor energy to take care of my families while making more money. What can I do?” Guo complained.<br /> <br /> 刘叶阳问：“这孩子有残疾证吗？”<br /> <br /> “Has she got the certificate of disability?”Liu asked.<br /> <br /> “Has she got the disability certificate?” Liu asked.<br /> <br /> 郭瑞城说：“残疾人还有证？”<br /> <br /> “I didn’t know people with disabilities can get the certificates.”Guo replied.<br /> <br /> “Can disabled people get the certificate?” Guo replied.<br /> <br /> 刘叶阳联系了医院，给郭瑞城女儿做了检查，并把她的残疾证办了下来 ，又给郭瑞城的老母亲解决了低保问题，郭瑞城一家，每年有了3000余元的补贴。<br /> <br /> After that, Liu got in contact with a hospital to give Guo’s daughter medical examinations and helped her to gain the disability certificate. Moreover, Liu helped Guo’s mother to apply for basic living allowance. Therefore, Guo’s family can obtain subsidies of more than 3,000 yuan per year.<br /> <br /> After that, Liu got in contact with a hospital to give Guo’s daughter medical examinations and helped her to gain the disability certificate. Moreover, Liu helped Guo’s aged mother to apply for subsistence allowance. Therefore, Guo’s family can obtain subsidies of more than 3,000 yuan annually.<br /> <br /> 这时候一位北京下派的扶贫干部到马鞍山来调研，刘叶阳抓住这个机会，向他反映了郭瑞城女儿的情况。在多方支持下，郭瑞城带着女儿来到北京同仁医院，为孩子治疗眼疾。经过多次专家会诊，精心治疗，结果令人遗憾，由于时间拖得太久了，孩子眼底的血管已经失去功能，视力无法恢复了。<br /> <br /> Once a cadre for poverty alleviation from Beijing was dispatched to conduct a survey in Ma’anshan City. Liu caught that chance to inform the cadre of the disease of Guo’s daughter.With their assistance,Guo and his daughter headed to Beijing Tongren Hospital to treat her eyes.Unfortunately, after consultations of experienced doctors and a period of treatment, the little girl’s eye disease was diagnosed as incurable because she have had no access for any medical treatment and the blood vessels in her eyes could never work normally. <br /> <br /> At this moment in time, a cadre for poverty alleviation from Beijing was dispatched to investigate and survey in Ma’anshan City. Guo seized this opportunity to inform the cadre of the trouble of Guo’s daughter. With their assistance, Guo took his daughter to Beijing Tongren Hospital to treat her eyes. Unfortunately, after consultations of experienced doctors and a period of meticulous treatment, the little girl’s eye disease was diagnosed as incurable because she had no access to any medical treatment and the blood vessels in her eyes could never work normally.<br /> <br /> 极度失望的郭瑞城，焦躁难耐，直冲着刘叶阳发牢骚：“都是你，非让我们上北京治，结果也没治好，还耽误一个多月。”刘叶阳默默地把委屈咽下。他想起了父亲的话，有耐心，办实事。<br /> <br /> Guo became quite disappointed and restless. “I regret taking your advice to look for medical treatment in Beijing. Now we know she couldn’t be cured. It wasted over a month.”Guo grumbled. Liu didn’t explain as he was reminded his father’s words “Be patient. Be dedicated to people.”<br /> <br /> Guo became quite disappointed and restless. “I regret taking your advice to look for medical treatment in Beijing. Now we know she couldn’t be cured. It wasted over a month.” Guo grumbled. Liu didn’t explain and held back the grievance as he was reminded his father’s words “Being patient. taking concrete measures.”<br /> <br /> ====Part 13c 肖娜 Xiao Na(肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin) ====<br /> <br /> 喀喇沁旗的特殊教育学校没有盲人教师。刘叶阳又到赤峰市的特殊教育学校打听，学校回复，只要这孩子智力正常，我们愿意收她入学。<br /> <br /> Xiao Na:There were no blind teachers in the special education schools in Kalaqin banner.Liu Yeyang went to Chifeng special education schools to inquire and they answered that as long as the child's intelligence was normal they were willing to admit him to school.<br /> <br /> There were no blind teachers in the special education school in Kalaqin banner.Liu Yeyang went to the special education school in Chifeng city again to inquire and the school replied that as long as the child's intelligence was normal they were willing to admit him to school.<br /> <br /> 刘叶阳回来问郭瑞城，愿不愿意让孩子上学。郭瑞城说：“怎么不想啊，这孩子就这么在家呆着，慢慢就傻了。”<br /> <br /> Xiao Na:Liu Yeyang went back and asked Guo Ruicheng that whether he would like to let his child go to school or not.And Guo answered, &quot;why don't I think so? If my child just stayed at home ,he would become stupid slowly.&quot;<br /> <br /> Liu Yeyang went back and asked Guo Ruicheng that whether he would like to let his child go to school or not.And Guo answered, &quot;How I wish I could! If my child just stayed at home like this for a long time,he would become stupid.&quot;<br /> <br /> <br /> 刘叶阳帮助郭瑞城给女儿准备了行李物品，开车带着他们爷俩来到学校。学校的生活条件太好了，老师和校长也十分和蔼。可是这孩子就是一句话问不出来。郭瑞城连哄带逼，孩子总算开口，讲了讲自己的病情。校长说：“好了，放假的时候，我保证让你见到一个活泼开朗的丫头”。<br /> <br /> Xiao Na:Liu helped Guo prepare belongings for daughter and drove them to school.The life conditions in the school are quite good and the teachers and the principals are also greatly kind.However,the child couldn't say anything so he was coaxed and forced by Guo to talk about his own illness.The principal said to Guo,&quot;Well,I promise that you are able to see a lively and outgoing child when the holiday come. &quot;<br /> <br /> Liu helped Guo prepare luggage for his daughter and drove them to school.The living conditions in the school are pretty good, and the teachers and the principals are very kind.However,the child just couldn't anwser any question.Guo Ruicheng coaxed and forced, and the child finally opened his mouth and talked about his illness. The principal said,&quot;Well,during the holiday, I promise you to see a lively and cheerful girl. &quot;<br /> <br /> 临别，郭瑞城和女儿抱着痛哭。这些年来，他把丫头放在心尖上养着，家里再困难，孩子没冷过，没饿过，总是穿的干干净净地。刘叶阳一边劝慰，一边跟着流泪。他暗暗捏紧了拳头，一定要在脱贫攻坚的岗位上，干出成绩来。见识了苦难，他对脱贫的紧迫性，有了更深入的理解。<br /> <br /> Xiao Na:Before leaving,Guo and his daughter cried bitterly.Over the past years,he put his child at first.No matter how difficult the family was,his child had never been cold or hungry and always wore clean clothes.Liu was comforting and weeping.He secretly clenched his fist and insisted on making achievements in his position of poverty alleviation. Seeing the sufferings, he had a deeper understanding of the urgency of overcoming poverty..<br /> <br /> On the eve of their departure,Guo and his daughter hugged and cried bitterly.Over the years,he put his girl on his mind.No matter how difficult the family was,his child had never suffered from cold and hungry and always dressed clean.Liu cried while comforting him.He secretly squeezed his fist and eagered to make his own achievements in poverty alleviation. Seeing those hardships, he had a deeper understanding in the urgency of overcoming poverty.<br /> <br /> 果然，郭瑞城的女儿放假回来，简直像换了个孩子似的，和大人有说有笑，自己洗脸，吃饭，洗衣服，还帮着父亲做一些力所能及的家务。老师从学校发来视频，这丫头打扮得漂漂亮亮，正在台上朗诵呢。<br /> <br /> Xiao Na:Sure enough,Guo's daughter backed home from vacations and she is like a totally different person.She laughed and chatted with grow-ups,washed her face,ate, washed her clothes and helped his father do what she can.The girl in the videos her teacher sent from school was dressed up and was reciting on the platform.<br /> <br /> Sure enough,Guo's daughter came backed home from the holiday and she's like a totally different person.She laughed and chatted with grow-ups,washed her face,ate, washed her clothes and helped her father do some housework within her ability.The girl in the videos her teacher sent from school was dressed up beautifully and was reciting on the platform.<br /> <br /> ====Part 13d 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu(谢茜敏 Xie Ximin)====<br /> <br /> 在孩子上学期间，刘叶阳帮着郭瑞城申请了一个保洁公益岗，每月有700余元的收入，同时劝他放弃了不挣钱的杂粮，开始种植山葡萄，每亩可以收入3000元左右，他们家里的生活大有改善。<br /> <br /> When his child was in school, Liu Yeyang helped Guo Ruicheng apply for a public-service job of cleaning, with a monthly income of more than 700 yuan. At the same time, he persuaded him to give up the unprofitable coarse cereals and start to plant wild grapes, which can earn about 3000 yuan per are, thus greatly improving the life of his family.<br /> <br /> 工作越来越得心应手，刘叶阳的决心越坚定。刘叶阳的小本子上面记满了每天要做的事情，不论是贫困户的事儿，还是一般村民的事，他都耐心、细心询问，上心、精心地去做好。<br /> <br /> The handier he was at his work, the firmer his resolve was. He kept a notebook full of things he had to do every day. Whether it was the thing of a poor household or of an ordinary villager, he first inquired patiently and carefully, and then put his heart to do it. <br /> <br /> 村里的乡亲们开始对刘叶阳刮目相看，由原来的爱搭不理，变为见面唠个没完，有什么心里话争着告诉这个胖乎乎的第一书记。<br /> <br /> The villagers began to change their mind about him. They used to ignore him, but now they talked to him without stopping when meeting him, rushing to talk to this chubby first secretary from the heart. <br /> <br /> <br /> 有一个贫困户，通过工作队帮助，选择了菜单式扶贫的养牛项目，达到了脱贫致富，一年卖牛的收入就六万多元，家里还存栏八头牛。年底了，赤峰农村家家杀年猪，这个贫困户没有养猪，特意花钱买了一头猪，置办了宴席，专门请工作队吃杀猪肉。考虑纪律，刘叶阳和工作队成员都没有参加。第二天，这个乡亲又专门来请，那实心实意的劲儿，让人不知道怎么拒绝。经过请示上级，他们接受了邀请。一看桌子上除了五花肉炖酸菜，猪心、猪肝、猪肚、猪血肠等全套头蹄下水一样不缺。在当地，这是最上讲究的菜品，他们家自己没舍得吃，一直给最尊贵的客人留着。<br /> <br /> A poor family chose an anti-poverty program of raising cattle with the help of the task force, and thus got out of poverty and became rich. He earned more than 60000 yuan this year from selling cattle, and there were still 8 cattle at home. At the end of the year, every family in Chi Feng village killed the New Year pig. Though he didn’t raise pigs, he specially bought a pig and held a banquet to invite the task force to eat dishes made of pork. Considering the discipline, neither Liu Yeyang nor the members of the task force came. The next day, the villager came to invite them again, with such sincerity that they did not know how to refuse. After checking with the supervisor, they finally accepted the invitation. Except for braised streaky pork with Chinese sauerkraut, they saw various dishes made of all the edible parts of a pig, including pork heart, liver, bag, black pudding and others, which were the most exquisite dishes in this area. They were unwilling to eat them by themselves, keeping them for the most distinguished guests. <br /> <br /> <br /> 扶贫先扶志。帮助村里的出名懒汉杜景民从冷被窝里爬出来，真比让一棵躺倒的树起死回生还要难。<br /> <br /> Before helping poor families alleviate poverty, it is necessary to help them build up the morale and courage. Indeed, it was harder than reviving a fallen tree to help Du Jingmin, a famous idler in the village crawl out of his cold bed.<br /> <br /> ====Part 13e 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia(谢紫佳 Xie Zijia )====<br /> <br /> <br /> 杜景民四十五岁，正值壮年，以前也有一个幸福的家庭。由于好上了赌钱这一口，家渐渐地给他败光了，不仅在外面欠了几十万，村里的乡亲们也都被他借遍了，妻子气得和他离了婚，带走了女儿，儿子小小年纪也出门独自谋生活去了，很少回来看懒惰的父亲，家里就剩了他老哥儿一个。刘叶阳和村干部走进他们家的时候，大吃一惊，真的没想到，现实生活中还会这样的情形。桌子歪着，凳子是断腿的，锅碗瓢盆布满灰尘，炉子里没有灰烬，看来是很久没有用过了。冰凉的炕上被褥脏得跟铁一个颜色，屋里没有一丝热气，连个暖壶也没有。杜景民躺在被窝里，只露着一张惨白肮脏的脸。看有人进屋，眼珠子动了动，算是打了招呼。<br /> <br /> Du Jingmin, 45 years old, is in his prime. Previously, he had a happy family, but his penchant for gambling took away his family and money. He owed others hundreds of thousands yuan, including all of his folks in the village. And his wife was so angry that she got divorced with him and took away their daughter. When his son was young, he also went out to provide for himself and seldom came back to see his lazy father, leaving him alone at home. When Liu Yeyang and village-level cadres walk into his house, they are amazed, because they don’t think that there will be such a situation in real life. The table is crooked; the chair loses its leg; pots and pans are dusty; the stove has no ashes. All of these show that they haven’t been used for a long time. On the cool brick bed is bedding, which is dirty so that it is iron-like color. The house is totally cold and there is even no thermos flask. Du is lying on his bed, only with his pale and dirty face out of the quilt. When he finds them at his home, he just rolls his eyes as greetings.<br /> <br /> Du Jingmin was forty-five years old, in his prime. Previously, he had a happy family, but his penchant for gambling took away his family and money. He owed others hundreds of thousands of yuan, including all of his folks in the village. And his wife was so angry that she got divorced from him and took away their daughter. When his son was young, he also went out to provide for himself and seldom came back to see his lazy father, leaving him alone at home. When Liu Yeyang and village-level cadres walk into his house, they are amazed, because they don’t think that there will be such a situation in real life. The table is crooked; the chair loses its leg; pots and pans are dusty; the stove has no ashes. All of these show that they haven’t been used for a long time. On the cool brick bed is bedding, which is dirty so that it is iron-like color. The house is totally cold and there is even no thermos flask. Du is lying on his bed, only with his pale and dirty face out of the quilt. When he finds them at his home, he just rolls his eyes as greetings. <br /> <br /> 他身体没有病，可是他的每一天都是躺在床上过的。这个世界上只有他白发苍苍的老母亲惦记着他，每天在二儿子家做好饭，冷风热气地步行四里多地送给他吃。他已经完全放弃了自己，母亲怎么劝也不听，就是躺在炕上等死，万万没想到还会有什么人能来关心他。<br /> <br /> He is healthy, but he spends every day on the bed. Only his grey-headed mom remembers him with concern. She cooked at her second son’s home and then laboriously walks about four li to bring the food to him. He has totally given up on himself even though his mother tries to persuade him for many times. He just lays on the brick bed and waits to die, never wondering that others will care about him.<br /> <br /> He is not physically ill, but spends every day in bed. Only his grey-haired mom remembers him with concern. She cooked at her second son’s home and then laboriously walks about four li to bring the food to him. He has totally given up on himself even though his mother tries to persuade him for many times. He just lays on the brick bed and waits to die, never wondering that others will care about him.<br /> <br /> ====Part 13f 刘丛领 Liu Congling( 熊丹 Xiong Dan)====<br /> <br /> 按照“两不愁，三保障”的标准，杜景民是身无分文，要啥没啥，工作队很快把他列入帮扶对象。刘叶阳苦口婆心，一步步跟他深谈，告诉他，脱贫攻坚一个都不能落，这是你绝处逢生的大好机会，我们给你提供粮食，你先自己起来做点饭，慢慢地恢复身体，恢复和外面的联系。<br /> <br /> 刘叶阳住在村里，每天起来的挺早，就在村里这家看看，那家走走，了解各家的情况。有一天抬头一看，发现杜景民家的烟囱开始冒烟了。这叫刘叶阳好不高兴。<br /> 他再次来到杜景民家，他动员他出来干活儿，说你看看别人家干得多红火，咱们先从公益岗开始，不累，还有固定收入。杜景民埋头不语，刘叶阳又说：“是不是有为难情绪？你放心，我们做好工作，村里人不会朝你要债。”<br /> <br /> 杜景民半天吭哧出来一句话，还挺横：“我有病你不知道啊？”<br /> <br /> 刘叶阳说：“你没病，你要有病，这么冷的房子，躺一冬天，你挺不到现在。”<br /> <br /> “我就是有病，我就是有病。我头疼腿疼腰疼浑身都疼。”<br /> <br /> In accordance with the standard of &quot;two assurances and three guarantees&quot;, Du Jingmin was penniless. So the task force soon listed him as a helping target. Liu Yeyang talked earnestly to him step by step, telling him that no one could be left behind in the fight against poverty, and this is a great opportunity for you to get out of poverty, “You first cooked for yourself with food offered by us to pick yourself up and retouch the outside”. <br /> Liu Yeyang lived in the village and got up quite early every day to visit local families here and there for the purpose of knowing their conditions. One day when he looked up he found wisps of smoke came out of Du Jingmin's chimney. He could not be too happy with that. <br /> He came to Du Jingmin's house again, encouraged him to come out to work and asked Du to see how well others were doing. He asked Du to start with public service post for it was easy and had a fixed income. As Du Jingmin kept his eyes cast down in silence, Liu Yeyang added: &quot;Do you feel it is hard? Don’t worry. As long as we get our job done, people here won’t ask you for debt.&quot;<br /> Du Jingmin hummed and hawed for a long time and said surlily : &quot;I am sick. You do not know ah?&quot; <br /> Liu Yeyang said, &quot;You are not sick. If you are, you couldn’t get through the winter lying in bed in such a cold house and survive now.&quot; <br /> &quot;I am sick, I am just sick.my head hurts, legs hurt, back hurts and my body is aching all over.&quot;<br /> <br /> ====Part 13g 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu (徐思禹 Xu Siyu )====<br /> <br /> <br /> 刘叶阳知道他的病是心病。心想看起来正面说服，对他一时还起不了作用。于是刘叶阳说“有病咱们抓紧治，治好了也和大伙儿一样脱贫致富。”<br /> <br /> 刘叶阳联系好旗中蒙医院，拿车拉着杜景民，去做了一个全身体检。报告单出来了，他给杜景民看，一边和他开着玩笑：“你这头蹄下水血脂血压血糖都好好的，你再说有病就是糊弄人了。”<br /> <br /> 没过几天，杜景民穿上了干净衣服，出现在自己家门前，溜溜达达地，就是不敢往远走。可能是不好意思见乡亲。事先，刘叶阳做了些工作，乡亲们表现的十分厚道，谁也不跟他提欠钱的事儿，就是逗他——哎呀，好久不见，起死回生了？快告诉我们阎王爷为啥把你给打发回来？<br /> <br /> 村民代表王广发，倡议村民帮助杜景民，很快，这家十斤米，那家一袋面，给杜景民送来了；由于欠电费，杜景民家的电源已经被断多时了，村委会又出面重新给他拉上电，给他买了电褥子，让他不再挨冻；刘叶阳进城把杜景民的儿子找了回来，让他做做父亲的思想工作；村主任帮忙联系，在一个施工队里给他找了个活儿……<br /> <br /> Liu Jiayu:Liu Yeyang knew that Du Jingming’s so-called illness was the heart knot. It seemed that positive persuasion wouldn’t work on him for a while. Therefore, Liu Yeyang said, &quot;When we’re ill, we should get prompt treatment. After being cured, we will get rid of poverty and become better off, just like everyone else.&quot; After Liu Yeyang contacted Qizhongmeng Hospital, he pulled a cart with Du Jingming sitting on it, taking Du for a physical examination. The medical report came out, Liu showed it to Du and joked with him, “Your visceral organs, blood fat, blood pressure and blood sugar are normal. If you insist that you are sick, you are fooling us.”A few days later, Du Jingmin put on clean clothes and showed up at the door of his house. He paced back and forth leisurely, but he dared not go far away. Perhaps he was ashamed to meet the folks. Liu Yeyang did some ideological work for the villagers beforehand, so they were virtuous and kind. No one mentioned the money Du owed them, and just teased him, “Oh, haven’t seen you for a long time. Back from the death? Come on, tell us why the King of Hell sent you back.”Wang Guangfa, the representative of the villagers, suggested that the villagers help Du Jingmin. Soon, some brought ten jin of rice and some brought a bag of noodles to Du Jingming. The power supply in Du's house had been cut off for a long time, because he owed the electricty fees. To prevent him from the cold, the village committee got the power on for his house again and bought him an electric blanket. Liu Yeyang went to town to find Du Jingmin's son and asked him to do Du's ideological work. The village director helped him get a job in a construction team...<br /> <br /> ====Part 13h 杨思吟 Yang Siyin（颜琦 Yan Qi）====<br /> <br /> 杜景民说：“就是一块石头，也能让你们的热手给捂化了。”<br /> <br /> Du Jingming said, ’’ your burning hot hands can even melt a stone.’’<br /> <br /> 现在的杜景民，好像换了个人儿一样，穿得整整齐齐，脸上带着红润的光泽。他靠打工脱贫，每年可以挣四五万块 。他见到工作队和村委会的干部，就拉着手说，走走，我买点熟食，到我家喝酒去。据说，他过年办置了新家具，把家收拾得挺像样。刘叶阳逗他：“告诉你呀杜大哥，就差个媳妇了……”<br /> <br /> Nowadays, he looked like another person who dressed clean clothes and with a florid face. Through odd jobs, he lifted out of poverty and earned between 40,000 and 50,000 yuan every year. Every time encountering an official working in the project or village committee, he took him by the hand and said, ‘’ come with me, let me buy some cooked food and drink at my house.’’ It is said that he bought new pieces of furniture last year and cleaned up his house. Liu Yeyang teased at him, ‘’ tell you, Brother Du, you have everything but a wife…‘’<br /> <br /> 成功帮助杜景民脱贫这件事，让刘叶阳心里有了成就感，有了自信。<br /> <br /> Helping Du Jingming end poverty gave Liu Yeyang a sense of achievement and confidence. <br /> 三<br /> <br /> 自治区脱贫攻坚成效考核组到喀喇沁旗考核，在王爷府村看到满头白发的驻村第一书记刘永军，他们不由发出感叹——这把年纪的老同志，还在第一线冲锋陷阵，真是难能可贵。考核中刘永军上报的电子文件表格，内容翔实，清晰，格式上非常专业规范，这也让考核组眼前一亮。<br /> <br /> A unit came to a Harqin Banner to assess the performance of nationwide campaign against poverty. Catching a glimpse of grey-haired Liu Yongjun, the first secretary of this village, in Wangyefu village, they bursted out an exclamation of surprise, ‘’ it is praise-worthy that he works at the frontier at such an age. ’’ The unit also surprised at the excels he summited, which are comprehensive and clear and professional in format.<br /> <br /> ====Part 13i 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei（曾晨 Zeng Chen）====<br /> <br /> 自从入村当上第一书记，刘永军就意识到补上电脑这一课刻不容缓，他的老师自然就是儿子了刘叶阳了。儿子在家的时间很少，父子俩就在线上交流，老同志反应慢，却有股韧劲，虽然常常一个问题重复咨询好几遍，最终还是达到了适应工作的目的。电脑也自然地成了不能常回家看看的刘叶阳和父亲的交流工具。<br /> <br /> Since he became the First Secretary of the village, Liu Yongjun has come to realize that it was imperative to learn how to use computer. Naturally, his son, Lin Yeyang, just acted as his teacher. Due to work, his son spent little time staying at home. So they had to communicate online. Old comrade responded slowly, but he had tenacity. Although he often consulted the same question for several times, he, finally, reached the goal of adapting to the work. Thus, computer also served as the communication tool between them because his son failed to visit home often.<br /> <br /> 自信满满的刘叶阳在线上，告诉了父亲两件事。第一件就是成功帮扶杜景民的事，父亲给他送来一朵大大的鲜花。<br /> <br /> Liu Yeyang confidently told his father two things online. The first one was the success in helping Du Jingmin out. His father sent him a large flower.<br /> <br /> 第二件事也是刘叶阳自认为非常值得父亲为之首肯的事。<br /> <br /> The second was something that Liu Yeyang considered himself very worthy of his father’s praise.<br /> <br /> 入村以后，刘叶阳发现村委的工作人员一般年龄偏大，基本都不会使用电脑，很不适应上通下达的需要。他就顺便普及了一下电脑的使用方法。有一位村民大姐，和她父亲性格好有一比，学了忘，忘了又来学，刘叶阳不厌其烦，终于教会了这位大姐。<br /> <br /> After arriving here, Liu Yeyang found that staff in village committee were generally older and basically, they didn’t know how to use computer.It was not convenient to transmit the decisions and arrangements of the higher levels to the lower ones. By the way, he popularized the usage of computer. There was a female villager whose personality was similar to his father. She was forgetful but didn’t give up learning. He was very patient. In the end, she mastered this skill under his teaching.<br /> <br /> ====Part 13j 张海珊 Zhang Haishan（张珂珂 Zhang Keke）====<br /> <br /> <br /> 几场春雨之后，山上的林子里长出了一种叫地扣的野生蘑菇，白生生的，很肥硕，口感鲜美，是罕见的山珍。这位大姐起早淌着露水，采回了一大筐，挑选最好的，把蘑菇根用薄木片切得干干净净，托了村委会主任，让他送给刘叶阳，表示感谢。刘叶阳说，我一个扶贫干部，帮助村民干什么都是应该的，不能要人家的东西。坚决退了回去。后来村委主任说，那个大姐都哭了，刘叶阳还是没有收。这件事，父亲没有给他送花，而是发来两个字--不妥。<br /> <br /> After several spring rains, a kind of wild mushroom called “di’kou” (literally means ground button) grew in the woods, a white, fat, tasty and rare delicacy in the mountain. The female villager got up early and walked through the dew-dripping lanes, she gathered a big basket of handpicked mushroom and cut the mushroom roots cleanly with a thin wooden piece. The mushrooms were entrusted to the head of the village committee to give to Liu Yeyang as a token of appreciation. Liu Yeyang said, &quot;I am a poverty alleviation cadre, it’s my duty to help the villagers so I shouldn’t take anything from the people. Liu resolutely sent it back. Later, the head of the village committee told him that the villager even cried, and Liu Yeyang still didn’t take the mushrooms. For that, his father did not give him flowers, instead he sent him two words – NOT appropriate.<br /> <br /> 刘叶阳说，有规定，为何不妥？父亲说，有时间和你聊。<br /> <br /> Liu Yeyang wrote back, there are rules, why is it inappropriate? His father said, talk to you later.<br /> <br /> 中央电视总台十七频道有一个栏目叫《遍地英雄》，邀请刘永军儿子刘叶阳父子俩同时到现场，讲述他们担任驻村第一书记的工作经历。<br /> <br /> CCTV Channel 17 has a program called &quot;Heroes Everywhere&quot;, Liu Yongjun and his son Liu Yeyang were both invited to the scene at the same time to talk about their work experience as the first secretary in the village.<br /> <br /> 刘永军讲了一个这样的故事。<br /> <br /> Liu Yongjun told such a story.<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 13k 张思诗 Zhang Sishi （张婷 Zhang Ting）====<br /> <br /> <br /> 王爷府村有九百多户，刘永军全都走了个遍，哪家是贫困户，哪家是边缘户，谁家的仓里没有粮，谁家的冰箱是空的，都做到了心里有数。这中间，他发现了一个单身汉，还住在一座解放前盖的旧平房里，房子很破旧，有潜在的危险。于是工作队按照两不愁三保障要求，将他列入了贫困户 。<br /> <br /> 在给这位老哥儿家进行危房改造时，他向工作队提出要求，你要给我重盖房子，就给我盖六十平米的，盖四十平米的我就不盖了。<br /> <br /> 刘永军耐心做工作，告诉这个贫困户，政策就是这么个政策，不是咱们随便可以更改的，如果你想要扩大一点，就自己添点钱，我们帮你打个地基，你方便时自己再加盖。没想到这人还是不通情达理，说那我就不盖了。<br /> <br /> 不能因为一个人拖全村扶贫攻坚的后腿。刘永军找来几个和这个人关系好的乡亲来劝说，这位老哥儿就是不答应。后来没办法，刘永军安排好了摄像和录音，在他家摆开阵势，然后和他谈，说你再想想，如果还是不同意拆房重建，那你就签字吧。你要知道，你是因为没有安全住房，达不到“两不愁，三保障”标准才被定为的贫困户，你认为你的房子安全有保障，那就不能当贫困户了。这个单身汉，一听，那还得了，贫困户的种种优惠政策可不能丢。于是赶紧签上了拆迁合同。<br /> <br /> ====Part 13l 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi（周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan）====<br /> <br /> 刘永军讲到这里，大屏幕上出现了新旧两座房子的图片，旧房的确破旧得不堪入目，新房红砖白瓦，结实漂亮，场上响起一阵掌声。但是故事并没有在这里结束，这个老哥儿心里敞亮了，劲头也上来了，拼命干活挣钱，现在生活富裕，无忧无虑。他养了几只鸡，慢慢攒了一筐鸡蛋，有一天端着这筐鸡蛋，把刘永军堵在了宿舍门口，也不会说什么客气话，还是带着那股子犟眼子劲：“刘书记，你要不收下这筐鸡蛋，我就站在这里不走了。”<br /> <br /> In talking about this, pictures of two houses in stark contrast appeared on the screen. One looked dilapidated while the other sturdy and pleasing to the eye, with its red bricks and white tiles, which drew a burst of applause. But that was not the end of this story. Having solved problems, the elder man was active enough to work, so now he lived a well-off life, with few worries. He kept a couple of chickens and slowly gathered a basket of eggs. One day, holding that basket, he blocked Liu Yongjun at the door of his dormitory. The man didn’t say anything polite, but with his stubbornness as usual, he said to Liu that: “I will not leave until you accept it.”<br /> <br /> In talking about this, pictures of two houses in stark contrast appeared on the screen. One looked dilapidated while the other sturdy and pleasing to the eye, with its red bricks and white tiles. There was a round of applause, but that was not the end of this story. Being inspired by Liu’s words, the man was active enough to work, and now he lived a well-off life, with few worries. He raised a couple of chickens and slowly gathered a basket of eggs. One day, with that basket of eggs, he blocked Liu Yongjun at the door of his dormitory. The man didn’t say what polite words, but with his stubbornness as usual, he said to Liu that: “I will not leave until you accept it.” <br /> <br /> 刘永军被感动了，他知道这个村民是在表达内心的真情，虽然工作队有纪律，但是不能让老百姓觉得驻村干部跟他们外道，有距离。于是他双手接过了这筐鸡蛋，表示了谢意。<br /> <br /> Liu Yongjun was touched. He knew this was the embodiment of the villager’s sincerity. In spite of disciplines in work, it was more important to bridge the distance between ordinary people and cadres. Considering that, Liu took the basket with two hands and expressed his appreciation.<br /> <br /> Liu Yongjun was moved. He knew the man was showing his sincerity. In spite of disciplines in work, it was more important to bridge the distance between ordinary people and cadres. Considering that, Liu took the basket with two hands and expressed his appreciation.<br /> <br /> 刘永军在现场的讲述中，告诉所有的听众，也告诉自己的儿子，在今后，自己会通过为村民多做好事的方式，回报这位老哥儿，也让更多的老百姓受益。<br /> <br /> During his speaking, Liu told all audience, including his son, that he would take more effective measures for villagers, to repay the elder man and benefit more people.<br /> <br /> Liu Yongjun told all the audience and his son that in the future, he will do more good deeds for the villagers to return the man and benefit more people.<br /> <br /> 不用再聊了，泪窝子浅的刘叶阳又流出了眼泪。长大后，我就成了你……他知道自己还年轻。<br /> <br /> Needless to say more, Liu Yeyang, who tended to be moved, was in tears again. When I grew up, I’d be another you… He knew there was still a long way to go.<br /> <br /> Needless to say more, Liu Yeyang, who tended to be moved, was in tears again. When I grew up, I’d be another you... He knew there was still a long way to go.<br /> <br /> 自从开展脱贫攻坚以来，刘叶阳所在的马鞍山村已经发生了很大的变化，山葡萄种植和乡村旅游的发展，使这里摆脱了贫穷的阴影，在2017年摘掉了贫困村帽子。2019年7月15日，中共中央总书记习近平来到马鞍山村考察调研，刘叶阳作为当地扶贫干部，负责向总书记汇报工作。<br /> <br /> Since the start of the fight against poverty, Maanshan Village, where Liu Yeyang lived, has witnessed great changes. The development of the Amur grape cultivation and rural tourism has freed this place from the shadow of poverty and finally lifted out of poverty in 2017. On July 15, 2019, the General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping come to Maanshan Village for inspection and investigation. As the local cadre for poverty alleviation, Liu Yeyang was responsible for the work report. <br /> <br /> Since the launch of poverty alleviation, Maanshan Village, where Liu Yeyang lived, has witnessed great changes. The development of the Amur grape cultivation and rural tourism has freed this place from the shadow of poverty and it was removed from the poverty-stricken village in 2017. On July 15, 2019, the General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping came to Maanshan Village for inspection and investigation. As the local cadre for poverty alleviation, Liu Yeyang was responsible for the work report. <br /> <br /> 总书记来到驻村干部之家，亲切地问刘叶阳：“你们什么时候撤呀？”刘叶阳的心里话脱口而出“不获全胜，决不收兵！”<br /> <br /> At the workplace of those public servants, President Xi asked Liu Yeyang amiably, “When will you leave?” Liu Yeyang blurted out from his heart, “no rest until a sweeping victory!”<br /> <br /> At the workplace of these public servants, President Xi asked Liu Yeyang amiably, “When will you leave?” Liu Yeyang blurted out from his heart, “fight until the complete victory!”<br /> <br /> ==Part 14==<br /> <br /> ==== Part 14a 卿子晔 Qing Ziye (鲁思 Lu Si )====<br /> <br /> 党桂梅的幸福不是一朵花<br /> <br /> 她是党桂梅。<br /> <br /> 在和我交谈的全过程中，她的脸上始终带着笑，有时微微蕴含，有时朗朗盛开。笑容透出她内心的阳光，让我想到一句话——幸福就像花一样。 <br /> <br /> 党桂梅五十一岁了。我坐在她对面听她讲述，随着她的故事，进入远去的岁月。我大脑里的蒙太奇不由拂去她脸上的沧桑，拂去她两鬓探出的银麦芒，于是我看到了一个身材苗条，面色白皙，不失俊的女子。我想，若是在优渥的环境里，她这个年龄的女人，依然可以婀娜娇嫩，可以时尚拉风，可以像花一样绽放芳华。而党桂梅，这个常年躬身土地的农妇，这个半辈子呕心沥血的母亲，这个几十年如一日，咬定青山不放松的追梦人，在我们看到她终于甩掉了身后那个巨大的贫穷阴影，缔造了崭新生活之时，用一朵花来比喻她的幸福感，显然有些矫情。<br /> <br /> 党桂梅的幸福来得孜孜矻矻，来得扎扎实实，使我想到的不是一朵花，而是一棵树，一棵在原野上栉风沐雨的树。当然，她的旁边还有另一棵树，与她并肩而立。这两棵树一起在风雨中挣扎，同呼吸共命运，含辛茹苦，百折不挠，奋力汲取生命的营养，当枝头稀疏的绿叶终于变成了浓荫，彼此的根已经成为一体。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14b====<br /> <br /> <br /> 刘玉国比党桂梅大三岁，他们的婚姻和诸多中国农村式婚姻一样，是经人保媒开始的。媒人说，刘玉国老实厚道，心灵手巧。党桂梅一看，这人长得挺周正，听说话也本分，就同意了。许多年过去，有时候老两口拌嘴，刘玉国上来倔劲，三头老牛拉不回来。党桂梅便退一步地阔天宽，跟他说，我也会吵架，话赶话我比你来得快，我不过是大人有大量，我让着你行不行。说着她自己在一边就笑了。这是因为在党桂梅心里，嫁给刘玉国，不管日子是穷是富，是顺利还是困难，她都没后悔过。这是她不会动真格生气的根本原因。 <br /> <br /> 刘玉国家兄弟姊妹多，父母没有钱给他们办置婚事，党桂梅一进老刘家的门，就背上了3700元的饥荒。那是上个世纪八十年代的事情，一个鸡蛋卖一毛钱，一斤玉米卖几分钱，一亩地连二百斤玉米都收不了，一百五十亩地，收入三千元，交公粮一千多元，你平常日子还得吃喝用度呢，就是说，要还清这些饥荒，意味着小两口需要付出大半辈子的辛苦。<br /> <br /> 谁说爱情不能当饭吃，俺家就能。说完了这句话，党桂梅突然意识到什么，瞅瞅我，像个新过门的小媳妇似的，羞答答地捂上了微红的脸。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14c====<br /> <br /> <br /> 党桂梅和刘玉国，先结婚后恋爱。相处时间一长，刘玉国发现这个媳妇正是自己梦中的那个人儿，会过日子，凡事先算计，想妥了，就去做，你让她给自己放个假，歇下来，磕点葵花籽，扯个闲话，她一分钟都受不了，一干上活儿，便不愿意撒手；党桂梅觉得，自己想到的事儿，丈夫早想到前头去了，他虽然不说啥，行动起来比谁都快。为了未来的幸福生活创业，刘玉国有心劲，雷厉风行；党桂梅呢，嘴一份，手一份，说干就干。真是不是一家人，不进一家门。小两口你恩我爱，拧成一股绳拉车，相信铁杵一定能够磨成针，好日子虽然来的慢一点，但是肯定就在前面等着他们，早晚不会秃噜扣。那时候，他们俩浑身好像上好了发条，力气足足的。<br /> <br /> <br /> 远在二十多年前，党桂梅家的脱贫战，已经在只有一座泥房的庄稼院里打响了。尽快把饥荒还清是他们夫妻的第一个目标，至于未来，他们不敢想也想不到什么楼上楼下、汽车电话之类的锦绣蓝图，只要有一院子牛羊驴鸡鸭猪，手里有个存款折，存款折上面有几百块钱，就是天大的幸福了。党桂梅说，一分钱难倒英雄汉，没钱的滋味我知道。手里有两个钱儿，遇到事儿不受憋屈。。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14d====<br /> <br /> <br /> 内蒙古赤峰市，北倚大兴安岭山脉，南仰燕山屏障，处于两山之间。党桂梅和刘玉国所在的北房身村，属于巴林左旗哈拉哈达镇，地处赤峰市东北部大兴安岭脚下的林缘地带。哈拉哈为屏障，哈达是山的意思，用蒙古文一翻译，你就知道这里的地形地貌了。这个镇子，包括其中的北方身村，就靠在大兴安岭的根儿底下，这里山地，丛林，沟壑纵横交错，可耕种的田地，大小不一，就像一块块补丁似的散落在山间。这一代历史上是契丹的发祥地，无法考据当地的游牧生产是否于此有关。到了清代康熙时候实施戍边，农耕文化开始进入此地。北房身这个村名，明显来自汉语。这样的历史背景，半干旱草原的气候环境，让我们不难理解，直至当今，这里的百姓，为何依然以半农半牧为生。良田不足，山地贫瘠，气候偏冷，使这片土地从未离开过贫穷的笼罩。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14e====<br /> <br /> <br /> 党桂梅出生在北方身村附近的一个营子，营子就是自然村，往往只有十户八户、二三十户的人家。叫营子，也应当是游牧时代屯兵记忆的一种延续。党桂梅排行老三，上头有两个姐姐。读到小学三年级，父母不让她接着念了，当然是供不起了，家里所有的哥哥姐姐，不管是否成年，都要下地干活，而党桂梅这个还没有告别童年的小姑娘，需要在家看弟弟、做饭、打扫卫生，为下地劳动的人做后勤。她哭，一哭就是一整天，夜里躺在床上还在抹眼泪。要说学习成绩，党桂梅在班上始终是状元级的，全班六十多个学生，第一批戴上红领巾的只有一个男生和一个女生，那个女生就是她。作为一个好学生，党桂梅每天都是兴高采烈的，唱着“太阳天空照，花儿对我笑”上学，捧着鲜红的100分回家。虽然到了家，放下书包，就得出去放羊採野菜，但是她是快乐的，从不知忧为何物。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 14f 庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang （周子豪 Zhou Zihao）====<br /> <br /> <br /> 姐姐说，三儿呀，别哭了，好歹你还上了三年级，一分钱大的字认识了两口袋。命里是个丫头，你也算行了，会写自己的名字，会写咱妈咱爹的名字，还能分清林东怎么写，林西怎么写，你看看你这两个姐姐，进了屋认识锅台，出门认识垄沟，不是也得活着。<br /> <br /> Sister said, Don't cry, San'er. Anyway, you are still in the third grade, and you know a few words. You can write your own name, can write the names of our mother and father, but also can distinguish how to write Lin Dong, how to write Lin Xi. As a girl you are pretty good.Look at your two sisters. When we go into the house we know the pot table and go out we just know the furrow. Even though, we still have to live.<br /> <br /> Sister said: &quot;Stop crying, San'er. Anyway you have been in the third grade and learnt to read. You can write not only your own name but Mom and Dad's; you know how to write Lin Don and Lin Xi. That's pretty much for a girl. Look at your two sisters. At home we're only accustomed to the pot table and outside the furrow. But we still have to live on.&quot; <br /> <br /> 党桂梅看看大姐和二姐，不哭了，一连好几天谁也不理。她把嘴唇咬出血来，把话咽在肚子里，告诉自己——上不了学，我也要好好活一把，绝不能傻啦吧唧地听天由命。<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei looked at the elder sister and the second sister,stopped crying, and ignored everyone for several days. She bit her lip till it bled, swallowed her words, and told herself -- if I can't go to school, I'll also have a good life, and I won't be a fool and leave it to chance. <br /> <br /> Dang Guimei looked at her two sisters and stopped crying. for the next few days she'd spoke to no one. Her lips clenched as her thoughts concealed inside -- even though she lost her chance to go to school she must live vibrantly; to succumb to fate is the dumbest thing to do. <br /> <br /> 昔日的同学放学回来，从自己家门口路过，党桂梅立刻扭过头去，不看人家怜悯的目光，也不看人家肩头上那叫人眼红的书包。但是她没有忍住，到底还是把同学拦在家门口，问人家今天学校里都学啥了。同学讲给她听，她一只手抱着弟弟，另一只手拿着根柳条在土地上写，把生字用拼音注上，用加减乘除小数点，把家里的玉米土豆和辣椒算了一遍又一遍，一天两天，一年两年，党桂梅有了几分自信，你们坐在教室里，五年级小学毕业，我坐在院子大门口，也不差啥，课本上的生字我都念下来了，加减乘数小数点，我也会使用了。<br /> <br /> When the former schoolmate came back from school and passed by her door, Dang Guimei immediately turned her head and did not look at others' pitiful eyes or the enviable schoolbag on their shoulders. But she could not resist, in the end she stopped the classmate at the door, asking him what he had learned in school today. Her classmate told her what they had learned. She held her brother in one hand and wrote on the land with a wicker in the other. She noted the new characters with pinyin,and counted the corn, potatoes and peppers at home with added, subtracted, multiplied and divided the decimal points over and over again. One day or two days, one year or two years, Dang Guimei had some confidence. You sat in the classroom graduating from the fifth grade primary school, I sat at the gate of the yard, reading down all the new words in the textbook, and I can also use the decimal point of addition and subtraction.<br /> <br /> After school when her former schoolmate passed by her door, Dang Guimei immediately turned her head over, not to look at their pitiful eyes or the enviable schoolbag on their shoulders. But she still failed to supress her curiosity and finally stopped her classmates at the door, asking them what they had learnt today. As she was listening to them, with one hand she held her little brother and with a wicker in the other she wrote the new characters on the land and noted them with Pinyin. She also practised arithmetic by calculating the corn, potatoes and peppers at home over and over again. Day in and day out, Dang Guimei gained confidence. She thought to herself, &quot;while in classroom others will be studying for the next two years for graduation, by the door I can as well catching up with them learning addition, subtraction, multiplying, division, decimal, and all the new characters in the books .<br /> <br /> ====Part 14e ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 这件事对于她今后的意义有多大，年少的党桂梅，并没有意识到。时隔多年，面对我的采访，说起这件事，她灵光一现，拍了一下脑壳说，对劲儿啊——村里和乡里的领导们说我是脱贫路上敢做梦的女人，我这个敢做梦啊，八成就是从那个时候开始的。<br /> <br /> 面对3700元的饥荒，她对丈夫说，人有两件宝，双手和大脑，咱们不能让它们闲下来。丈夫说，哈下腰杆往上走，多高的山也会给咱们留一条道。<br /> <br /> 巴林左旗的林缘草原和山地，出产黄芪、沙参、防风等多种中草药，由于天旱，日光照射强烈，其质量是一等一的好，只是当时市场还没有形成，中草药的价钱很低。中草药长在 在杂草和灌木丛中，让人不好认，好不容易找到了，其根子很深，十分难挖，有时候，为了一棵完整的药材，要将死硬的土地深挖好几尺。挖药这活儿，吃苦不说，也有危险，要时时防着被毒蚊虫叮，要小心爬山踩空，还要躲着荆棘以免划伤手脚，即使在十分贫穷的巴林左旗，也很少有人靠挖药卖钱谋生活。从前挖过药的老人说，猫一天，狗一天，平均下来一天能挣到两三块钱就顶天了。小两口商量了好几次，把眼巴前能挣钱的事排了个队，发现只有挖药不用先投成本钱，况且地里春种秋收，打理好庄稼，人还有闲空，可以做到两不耽误，再说中草药一般都不是一年生植物，所以，挖药这活儿春夏秋季三个季度都可以干。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14f 全永慧 Quan Yonghui （何茉 He Mo）====<br /> <br /> 当他们在夕阳落山的时候，提着半篮子中草药，脸上带着被树枝划破的血印子，身上满是茅草沙尘地回到村里的时候，邻居直接就对他们说了，傻呀，这活也干，这点钱就把你们支使成这样。<br /> <br /> At sunset, they came back to the village carrying half a basket of herbs, several bloody cuts on their faces from the shrubs, grasses and dust all over their clothes. Seeing this, the neighbors sneered “How stupid of you to do that. Only this small amount of money can put you in such a difficult situation.”<br /> <br /> At sunset, they came back to the village carrying half a basket of herbs with some bloodstain on their faces from the shrubs, and with grasses and dust all over their clothes. Seeing this, the neighbors sneered “How stupid of you to do that. There is nothing to give in for such a little money.”<br /> <br /> 他们哭笑不得，但没有放弃。后来掌握了挖药的技术，驾轻就熟，每天可以收入大约十二元，他们一个十二元一个十二元地攒起来，在加上平时省吃俭用，从手指缝和嘴巴里挤出来的零钱，第三年终于还上了3700元的饥荒。<br /> <br /> At this, they didn’t give it up though they can neither cry nor laugh. Later, when mastering the skills of digging herbs, they became so adept at it that they could earn about 12 yuan a day. They saved every 12 yuan day by day, scanting themselves in food and expense. In doing so, they were able to save enough money to pay off the 3500 yuan debts in the third year.<br /> <br /> Hearing this, they didn’t give it up though they could neither cry nor laugh. Later, they mastered the skills of digging herbs，and became so skillful at it that they could earn about 12 yuan a day. They saved every 12 yuan day by day with a very frugal life. In doing so, they were able to save enough money to pay off the 3500 yuan debts in the third year.<br /> <br /> 无债一身轻，虽然作为年轻媳妇的党桂梅，过年都舍不得买一件流行的新衣服；虽然到了集上，面对小商铺里五红大绿地挂着的纱巾，也只能停下脚步看了又看，然后像没听见老板的招呼似的，扭头就走。但是她觉得这日子已经很叫人满足了。<br /> <br /> Finally, the young couple became debt-free. Young wife as she was, Dang Guimei were reluctant to buy herself a new piece of clothing in fashion even at the Spring Festival. At the fair, seeing the beautiful and colorful scarves hung on the wall of a small shop, she could only stop and look at them with wistful eyes again and again. Then hearing the shop owner’s reception, she would just walk away as if she hadn't. But she found her days very satisfying.<br /> <br /> Finally, the young couple became debt-free. Young wife as she was, Dang Guimei were reluctant to buy herself a new piece of clothing in fashion even at the Spring Festival. At the fair, seeing the beautiful and colorful scarves hanging on the wall of a small shop, she could only stop and look at them with wistful eyes again and again. Then hearing the shop owner’s reception, she just walked away as if she hadn't. But she found her days very satisfying.<br /> <br /> 党桂梅告诉我：“住在她家里的婆婆，每天可以吃上一个鸡蛋了，有时下在面条里做个荷包蛋，有时候还可以让老人换个口味，把鸡蛋用豆油煎一煎，往锅里放油的时候，也不必那么小心翼翼地一滴一滴地往锅里滴了，多倒一点也不用那么心疼了。自己有了身孕的时候，想喝一口酸奶，丈夫说，咱们去打牛奶，回来自己发酵。拿上钱，拿上盆，就把牛奶打回来了。<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei told me that her mother-in-law living with them can eat an egg every day when they were better off. Sometimes she would add poached eggs in noodles, and could also serve the elderly fried eggs for a change. When putting soybean oil into the wok to fry the eggs, she didn’t have to be so careful to do that drop by drop nor worried so much about pouring more. When pregnant, Dang Guimei wanted to try a mouthful of yogurt. Her husband said, “I’ll go to buy the milk first, then we can ferment it ourselves.” Later, taking the money and the basin, he fetched a basin of milk.<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei told me that her mother-in-law living with them can eat an egg every day when she was better off. Sometimes Dang Guimei would add poached eggs in noodles, or fry eggs by soybean oil so that elderly could have a change. When putting soybean oil into the wok to fry the eggs, she didn’t have to be so careful to do that drop by drop nor worried so much about pouring more. When pregnant, Dang Guimei wanted to try a mouthful of yogurt. Her husband said, “I’ll go to buy the milk first, then we can ferment it by ourselves.” Later, taking the money and the basin, he fetched a basin of milk.<br /> <br /> ====Part 14g====<br /> <br /> 儿子出生了，长得虎头虎脑，结结实实的，一逗就咯咯地笑。院子里也养上了鸡，养上了一头大母驴。党桂梅说，我们有了儿子，才理解老人们说的话，人心真的都是往下长的。看着自己身上掉下来的肉，看着儿子活泼可爱的样子，我们两口子心里哪个爱呀，就像吃了甜菜疙瘩那么甜。我跟他爸说，我这辈子最委屈的就是没好好上学，我要是好好上学，现在没准也能当个东方之子，上个电视啥的呢。那时候中央电视台有个栏目叫东方时空，介绍过好几位女科学，女教授，那都是国家的的顶梁柱。我特爱看那个节目，有时看着看着，就忍不住掉眼泪，心想她们虽然不容易，但人家毕竟成功了……我每回说起这话，我们家刘玉国就会接——供、供、供，咱儿子在乡里上了小学，到林东上中学，然后到北京上海念大学，等他有了儿子，就到联合国去念，做个决定世界大事的人。到那个时候，党桂梅就出名了，人人都知道党桂梅老奶奶不是一般人儿……玩笑虽然开得有点大，但是再苦再累，也要把孩子供出来，是我们像铁一样实实在在的想法。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14h====<br /> <br /> <br /> 可能是由于我长年劳累，儿子早早的就没了母乳，给他喝米汤，加点牛奶，不行，孩子眼看着就瘦下去了，六个月，连二斤肉都没有长出来，我们心里那个难受啊，缺钱，怎么办呢？挖药，种地，土里刨食的办法是解决不了问题了。这时候农村的集市活跃起来了，我们这一片的集市也很热闹。看着那些林西镇和林东镇的人，从大城市带来了洗发液、电熨斗、方便面啥的到集上卖，是挺赚钱的。可是我们没本钱，家里有孩子，有地，也出不了远门，那我们能卖点什么呢?<br /> <br /> <br /> 山根，河套，庄稼地，长啥卖啥吧。玉国手巧，就到河套割了些柳条子，在自己家编土篮，每天干完地里的活，我给他剪柳条，打下手，我们俩人一直干到半夜里，后来他也把我教会了，他编大筐，我编小篓。十天一个集，赶集的地方离我们北房身村八十华里，他骑着个加重的自行车，带着我，前面车把挂着五个土篮子，我的肩上挎着五个土篮子，在装上点葵花籽、山杏仁，偶尔带点冰糖红糖，过年过节带些对联去卖，我们挣钱虽然不太多，几年下来也把儿子养大了，还置上了一公一母两头驴，二十多只下蛋的鸡，后来又抓了一头小母猪，每年能卖出一窝小猪仔。家里的日子，真是好多了，有盼头了，这时候我们丫头也出生了，我们也成了儿女双全，不愁吃穿的户了。”<br /> <br /> ====Part 14i====<br /> <br /> <br /> 儿子听话，又聪明，丫头虽然小，但是是个伶俐的，不到三岁，就能把电视里动画片的的故事照讲一遍。党桂梅两口子就盼着着两头驴生小驴驹子，慢慢繁殖起来，到时候借上大力，供两个孩子上学的钱就不愁了，好日子的缰绳已经被他们抓在了手里，只要平平安安地过下去就好了。<br /> <br /> <br /> 万万想不到的事情，没有任何预兆就来了。儿子十六岁那年，突然身体和精神出现了怪异显现像，乱发脾气，乱砸东西 ，在很短的时间内愈演愈烈，最后到了无法控制的程度。刘玉国和党桂梅赶紧带着儿子到了巴林左旗和赤峰市的医院，确诊的结果为精神性疾病，这个消息简直不啻于晴天霹雳，令这个刚刚过上安稳日子的家彻底地塌陷了。<br /> <br /> 刘玉国知道党桂梅患有高血压症，经不住打击，就劝告妻子，说孩子小，正是长身体的时候，咱们咬牙使劲干，有了钱肯定能治好。说是说，刘玉国的心里还是压着一块大石头，他一个坐在地头上抽烟，一坐就是一下午。家里所有的存款都花光了，亲戚朋友伸出手来给予的资助也用光了。党桂梅两口子开始借高利贷，二分利，就是说借一百元，要还一百二十元。他们何处去了，想着即使倾家荡产，也得借，万不能把儿子耽误了。里里外外，他们花了二十八万。最后实在没有钱了，儿子无法住院，只能在家里服药治疗，效果显然就差多了。一天天劳心劳力地照顾着处于异常状态的儿子，党桂梅感觉自己的身子越来越没劲，早上起来从炕上往地下一站，两条腿好像是别人的，泥一样地堆下去。降压药加了剂量，血压看着是降下来了，压差却拉大了。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14j 王纪龙 Wang Jilong （ ）====<br /> <br /> <br /> 她硬挺着，暗暗告诉自己，你可不能倒下去，儿子病了，丫头还小，你要是再倒下，让玉国一个人扛这么多事怎么扛得了。在丈夫面前，她说，我就是个急火攻心，吃点牛黄上清片就好了，在刚刚上小学的丫头面前，她还是那个无所不能的妈妈，每天问孩子的功课，让她吃好穿暖，给她打扮漂漂亮亮的，送她到大门口。<br /> <br /> She tried to be strong and vigorous, muttering to herself: “I could not fall down. My son is sick and my girl is still small. If I fall down, how could Yu Guo alone bear so many things.” In front of her husband, she said she just got a bit manic. Taking some eat some medicines like NiuHuang Shangqing tablets will be fine. In front of her girl who was just at the age of primary school, she still tried to keep the image of an omnipotent mother, caring her child's homework everyday, ensuring her daughter fully and warmly and dressing he beautifully before sending her to the gate. <br /> <br /> 党桂梅到底没有逃过这一劫。一天早晨，她起身时感觉身上很难受，眼前突然一黑，就晕了过去。等到她醒来，一睁开眼睛，天哪，谁给我脑袋上蒙了一块红布？从头上到脚底，都黑红黑红的，窗台上绿色的龙角菊是红的，饭桌上黄色的小米粥也是红色的，看看天，天花板是旋转的，墙角转成了锅沿儿……<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei were not free of her doom after all. One morning, when she got up, she felt very uncomfortable and then her eyes suddenly went black and she passed out. When she woke up and opened her eyes, in astonishment, she found a red cloth over my head and she have no idea who did this? From the ceiling to the ground, everything in her sight looks in the color of the dark-red, from the green dragon horn chrysanthemum at the windowsill to the yellow millet porridge on the dining table. Looking up at the ceiling, she felt the ceiling is rotating and the corner of the wall turned into a pot ......<br /> <br /> 住进了医院，党桂梅的病情一时也没见太大好转，问医生，医生说还需要做一些检查，请专家会诊，当然，需要的治疗费也不少。刘玉国在门外和大夫的对话，党桂梅隐隐约约地听到几句，和她猜想的差不多。她闭上眼睛，不吱声，静静地躺了一天一宿，第二天起来，就喊丈夫。她想好了，换下医院的病号服，穿上自己的羽绒服，回家，不治了。<br /> <br /> Though in the hospital, Dang Guimei's condition has not seen much more improvement. The only answer they could get from doctors is that she still need to have more checks and at least a specialist consultation to make a diagnosis. Of course, the cost is quite large for the treatment. Dong Guimei could faintly heard the conversation between her husband and doctors from outside, which was basically equal to her previous guess. Closing eyes, she quietly and speechlessly lay in a hospital bed all day. By the next day, she got up and called her husband. She had made up her mind to abandon the treatment, switching the hospital gown to her own down cost and going back home.<br /> <br /> ====Part 14k ====<br /> 她说：“我当时想了，我回去养一阵，好了就好了，不好也不浪费钱。家里的鸡鸭猪，还有攒下来的几百斤小米子和干黄芪，全都卖光了，就剩下两头驴了，可不敢再卖了。丫头小，儿子病，往后不得把个闷葫芦似的的男人愁死啊。留下驴，慢慢养，年年下两个小驴驹，还有个活钱，怎么难也要把丫头供出来，将来有个旱涝保收的工作。等到没有我那一天，她爸干不动的时候，也有人养老不是，他哥也得有人管啊，可不能让他造的脏兮兮地满街跑，让不懂事儿的小孩子们撇石头子欺负他。”<br /> <br /> 叫了几遍，也没有听到丈夫回答，到了下午，刘玉国才一头热汗地进了病房。他告诉党玉梅不用急了，大夫说，这点病不算啥，住一阵子院治治就没事儿了。<br /> <br /> 党桂梅说，你是不是把我的驴给卖了。<br /> <br /> 刘玉国说，没有没有。<br /> <br /> 党桂梅急了。一连问了好几遍，那你哪来的钱？<br /> <br /> 刘玉国脸一绷，呵斥党桂梅，你这个女人怎么回事儿？天塌下来有老爷们顶着，都病成这样了能不能省点心。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14l ====<br /> <br /> 后来，党玉梅出院回家。一进院子，眼泪就止不住了。院子里果然是空空荡荡，安静极了，没有鸡鸣，也听不见驴叫，就连原来准备修房子的砖，也不见了。儿子站在门口，一脚门里一脚门外，直愣愣看着母亲，就好像不认识一样。丫头小，但是很懂事儿，专挑高兴的事儿说。她说，妈妈、妈妈，我们老师表扬你了，说如果不是你教育得好，我不能当上班长。<br /> <br /> 党桂梅的姐姐告诉她，那天刘玉国从医院回来卖驴，好不容易找到个想买驴的主道，人家还二意思思的，他就哭着央求人家，就差跪下了：“我这是卖得救命钱啊，我媳妇跟着我，净挨累，一天福也没享，这么好的媳妇说什么也得救她啊…… ”<br /> <br /> 一家四口人搂在一起，默默流了半天眼泪。还是党桂梅擦干泪水，把灶火点燃，然后下了一把面条，到地里薅了点青菜，全家吃了灾难之后的第一顿团圆饭。她知道，一切都得重新开始了，现在除了背在身上的十多万块钱的饥荒，家里真的是镚子皆无了。<br /> <br /> 刘玉国和党桂梅刚刚尝到的幸福生活，就这样不翼而飞了。他们家的日子已经变成了一条无助的小船，在看不到绿洲的汪洋里勉强地漂泊着。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14m ====<br /> <br /> 党桂梅出院以后，身体还是弱弱的，还需要吃药和继续治疗，这三年时间，一个四十出头的女人，头发都白的差不多了。她挣扎着，跟在丈夫后面，下地干活，院里院外地张罗一家人的生活，每天累得直不起腰来。他们种了十五亩地，舍不得雇工，全是夫妻俩没黑没白地春种秋收，为的是把从前的日子找回来。可是，毕竟是负担过重，力不从心，生活依旧像一个不能开花结果的树，冷漠地面对着这一对苦苦追求的夫妻。<br /> <br /> 2017年，他们家因病返贫，被识别为建档立卡贫困户。<br /> <br /> 按政策规定，他们家接受扶贫项目资金，养上了七只基础母羊，开始发展家庭牧业，两年后，他们出售了八个羊羔，又买了两头小猪，日子开始有了转机。<br /> <br /> 镇里的领导、村里的干部、驻村第一书记，都在为他们家寻找挣钱的路子。刘玉国和党桂梅说，政策虽好，咱也不能等靠要。村干部说十三敖包村和新井子村，村民绑笤帚挺挣钱，我先跟着村干部去，看能不能学会。刘玉国本来就心灵手巧，到了邻村的笤帚加工车间，一看人家那里干得很红火，一些参与的贫困户都有了收益。 便煞下心来，开始学这项技术。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14n====<br /> <br /> <br /> 要过年了，驻村第一书记刘凤鸣来到党桂梅家，给她生病的儿子带来一套新衣服，是用从自己工资中挤出来的钱买的。自从刘凤鸣包户进入这个院子，他给这个饱经创伤的家庭，带来了无比温暖，也带来了很多好建议，帮他们解决了不少困难。他自身也被这对夫妻身上自强不息的精神深深打动了，他发现在这个家庭里做扶贫工作，不存在扶贫先扶志这个程序，只要给这两口子提供了切合实际的项目，他们总是做得超出预期。 <br /> <br /> 刘凤鸣看看院子里的鸡圈，空的，原来他们家的鸡每天要出去溜达溜达，吃点小昆虫，小草籽什么的，平日的饲料，全是苞米茬子，瘪谷子，没有任何不天然的饲料，她家小鸡下的蛋，蛋壳硬硬实实的，打开往碗里一倒，橘色的蛋黄外面，有两层蛋清，里面的稠，外面的清亮，鸡蛋煮熟了，一敲裂壳，满桌子香气。 <br /> <br /> 看看她家的羊圈，地上总是干爽的，一点没有屎尿的膻骚气。党桂梅是每天都要出去一趟，一并放着羊，赶着鸡，还要带个篮子捎些羊草和野菜回来，她家的羊，不会整天圈在圈里吃喝拉撒，无论基础母羊还是羔子，都白得跟雪团儿似的，招人喜欢。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14o 王植碧 Wang Zhibi====<br /> <br /> 党桂梅的儿子谢过刘哥，接过了这套衣服。他自己没有穿，而是来到了妈妈的面前。他说：“妈妈，你整日辛苦，过年了，都没有新衣服穿，这衣服你穿吧！”<br /> <br /> The son of Dang Guimei accepted this suit and said thanks to bro Liu. However, he didn’t wear it but run to his mother, saying “This suit is for you, Mom. You work tiredly all the year but don’t have new clothes on New year.”<br /> <br /> 党桂梅一下愣在了那里。<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei frozen in place for a moment.<br /> <br /> 自从儿子得病以后，她每天也不知道要盯着儿子的眼睛看多少遍，儿子的眼神，直接地反映他的精神状态，她每每看着儿子的眼神心痛，痛到心如刀割一般的程度。那是混沌的眼神，冷冰冰的眼神，痴呆呆的眼神。此刻，她盯着儿子的眼神看了半天，一把抱住了儿子，把儿子的脸贴在自己眼前……的确，儿子的眼神变了，有了正常人的情感内涵，儿子说话的表情也是那样亲切，那样自然。<br /> <br /> Since her son was ill, she doesn't know how many times she has to stare into his eyes every day. Because his eyes directly reflect his mental state. Every day he feel heartbroken when she see the haggard eyes of her son. His eyes were chaotic, cold and demented. At the moment, she stared at her son quite a while, hugged him and put his face in front of her eyes. Indeed, son’s eyes had changed and seemed that have healthy people’s emotion. The expression of his was warm and natural when he spoke. <br /> <br /> 党桂梅激动的两手发抖，她竭力让自己平静下来。像什么也没有发现似的对儿子说：“这衣服是男式的，我大儿子穿正好。”<br /> <br /> She was so excited that her hands were shaking. She tried her best to calm down herself. As if he hadn't noticed anything, he said to his son, &quot;These are men's clothes, and they're just right for my oldest son.&quot; <br /> <br /> 只听儿子说：“妈妈，那你过年还没有新衣服呢，要不我不要压岁钱了，你自己留着买件新衣服吧”。党桂梅强抑制住自己的心跳说“大儿子，好儿子，妈妈听你的。”<br /> 他们家的丫头叫刘慧怡,从小受党桂梅的影响，要强，上进，善解人意。<br /> <br /> Her son said, “Mom, you don’t have new clothes on New year. Hum, or I do not want the New Year's Eve money, you keep it for yourself to buy a new dress.” Dang Guimei strongly restrained her heartbeat and said &quot;Eldest son, good son, mother listen to you.&quot; Her daughter called Liu Huiyi, a tough, aspirant and kind girl who was affected by her mother since she was born.<br /> <br /> ====Part 14p 王智灵 Wang Zhiling====<br /> <br /> 这时候她也看出了哥哥的变化，聪明的丫头不露声色，附和哥哥说：“妈妈，我也不要压岁钱了，你留着买件新衣服穿，你看你，身上的棉袄袖子都磨漏了……”<br /> <br /> 党桂梅一把搂住两个孩子，紧紧地贴在自己的胸口上，眼泪再也止不住了，难道从前的日子要回来了，难道从前的幸福要回来了？<br /> <br /> 这一天，党桂梅比什么时候都盼着刘玉国回家，她要把这个好消息告诉丈夫。<br /> <br /> 往常，党桂梅心疼劳累了一天的丈夫，总是先招呼丈夫坐下来，全家一起吃了饭，让他抽棵烟，歇一歇。到了很晚，夫妻俩才有时间，说点话，商量点事儿什么的。此刻，她实在捺不住激动的心情了，<br /> 刘玉国一进门，她就把丈夫拉进里屋，说，我有一个好消息要告诉你。<br /> <br /> 谁知道，刘玉国说，我也有个好消息要告诉你。你看看，外屋我给你带来啥好东西了。<br /> <br /> 党桂梅说，你让我先说。说着，眼泪就流出来了。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14q 吴博涵 Wu Bohan====<br /> <br /> <br /> 刘玉国给党桂梅带回来的是两把笤帚。这两把笤帚是他自己学着绑的，是他在外村学习的毕业作品。<br /> <br /> Liu Yuguo brought two broomsticks back to Dang Guimei. He had learned broom-making techniques in other villages and these were his graduation works tied by himself. <br /> <br /> 内蒙古东北部大兴安岭东南部的农村，有五十多年种植笤帚糜子的历史，不过所产的糜子都廉价卖给了外地客商，当地农民自己制作笤帚，是在全国上下开始脱贫攻坚之后。刘玉国拿回来的成品笤帚，和当时外村乡亲们绑的成品，有所不同，更精巧，更漂亮一些。<br /> <br /> In the villages in southeastern Great Khingan Mountains of northeastern Inner Mongolia, there had been a history of growing broomcorn millet for more than 50 years. However, all the broomcorn millet produced was sold to outside merchants at a low price. Local farmers didn’t make broomsticks by themselves until a nationwide campaign against poverty begun. The broomsticks Liu Yuguo brought back were different from the ones that the villagers from other villages had made. They were more delicate and beautiful. <br /> <br /> 刘玉国说，你看没看出点门道？<br /> <br /> Liu Yuguo said, ‘Did you see anything special?’ <br /> <br /> 党桂梅说，我知道，你把塑料绳和丝绸带子都扎进去了，变出花样了。<br /> <br /> ‘I know,’ Dang Guimei said. 'You've got plastic cords and silk straps in, and you've done something rather unique.' <br /> <br /> 刘玉国说，我的基本功还是不行，手劲不匀，分缕也不准，但是咱下力学，也不是啥难事。现在手工活儿受欢迎，消费者买啥东西都喜欢精致的。要是弄好了，一把小笤帚就能卖五十元钱呢，大笤帚卖<br /> 一百元也不是问题呀。<br /> <br /> Then, Liu Yuguo said ‘My basic skills need to be improved. I have uneven grip and can’t get the wisps correctly divided. But it won’t be hard if we put serious efforts into it. Handicrafts are so popular nowadays, and consumers like to buy everything delicate. If it's made properly, a small broom can be sold for fifty yuan, and a big one may even reach one hundred yuan.’ <br /> <br /> 党桂梅飞快地算了一笔账，家里的十五亩地，过去种笤帚苗子，能卖出四五千块，要是自己用自家的原料绑笤帚，收入可要翻上七八倍呢！<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei had a quick calculation in her mind, ‘On our family's fifteen mu(about 2.5 acres) of land, we used to plant broomcorn millet and could earn four to five thousand yuan by selling these materials. If we tied the brooms with our own raw materials, our income would be seven to eight times higher!’<br /> <br /> ====Part 14r ====<br /> 邻居大嫂在村里遇到党桂梅，很奇怪地问她，桂梅你家电灯开关是不是不好使了，怎么晚上老也不闭灯啊？大嫂子不知道，这两口子又像当年上山挖药一般地干疯了，起早贪黑一个月，他俩拿下绑笤帚的技术，还开始了自己对自己的挑战，自己学着设计花样、设计造型。心情好，身体就好，党桂梅好像把有病在身的事情都给忘记了，每天忙的不亦乐乎。家里有了钱，儿子得到更好的治疗，身体和精神也一天天恢复向好，可以帮助父亲照看牲畜，帮助母亲干一些体力活了。党桂梅跟我说：“真的，是扶贫攻坚的好政策，让我们家登上了顺风的大船，跟上了时代的脚步。”<br /> 收获总是属于不辞辛苦的人。刘玉国和党桂梅成了远近闻名的绑扎能手。他们把自己的绑的笤帚拿到了市场上营销，其中有结实的扫地笤帚，有轻巧的扫炕笤帚，有很多种装饰用的观赏笤帚。根据市场的需求，他们不停地探索出新的花样笤帚，例如民俗中给婴儿放在枕边压惊的迷你小笤帚，放在汽车里除尘用的长把短头笤帚、老人喜欢的锤锤乐等等，结果喜欢的人越来越多，第一桶金就这样来了。党桂梅没事算了又算，如果就照这个路子做下去，不出二年，他们一家就会过上富富有余的好日子。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14s ====<br /> 如果在绝地翻身伊始，埋头自扫门前雪，一心一意把自己家的致富工程经营好，也是来无可厚非的。但是党桂梅和刘玉国心里，正琢磨着的是，哈拉哈达乡北方身村 ，有一百多户，一般一口人三亩地，基础很薄，卧床不起的，一家有两个残疾人的，因事致贫的，比自己贫困的还有不少人家。党的政策帮助了咱，咱好意思看着他们受穷吗。<br /> 为了能带动其它贫困户一起从事笤帚加工，两口子把自家的两间屋子收拾出来当扶贫车间，但手头只有几十块钱，不够用。聪明手巧的刘玉国就自己制图，自己动手焊接，用废弃的自行车改装出一套笤帚苗绑扎架子，接着边用边改进，制作出了集绑扎工具和案台于一体、同时容纳六人操作的绑扎工作设备，大大提高了工作效率。刘玉国和党桂梅当师傅，把绑笤帚的技术传授给了二十多位村民，让他们到车间学会技术，各自回家绑笤帚，然后后借助扶贫创业车间的市场渠道出售。<br /> <br /> ====Part 14t ====<br /> 我走进党桂梅家的场院和住房，远远就听到了妇女们快乐的说笑声。现在，乡里用扶贫资金，给他家修建了专门置放笤帚苗子的大仓库，又更新了扶贫车间的生产设备，村里的妇女和老人乡亲们，也有了用武之地，不用餐风露宿，不用单独经营，只要学了技术，就可以来他们家的扶贫车间挣到钱，过舒心日子。<br /> 党桂梅和刘玉国被评为脱贫攻坚内生动力示范户。2018年“三八节”，党桂梅在镇政府举办的“笤帚苗加工技能比赛”中荣获优秀奖，他们家彻底甩掉了贫苦户的帽子。2019年他们种植三十多亩笤帚糜子，带动十个贫困户一起脱贫。他们的精品笤帚，在市场上不停走红，已经卖到了北京、天津、石家庄，有一位著名的影视演员一次就购买了三百多条。<br /> 底气足了，党桂梅侃侃而谈。在采访结束的时候，党桂梅说咱们俩加微信吧，我看到，她给自己起了个网名，叫红星向党，很多人在微信上订购她的笤帚。<br /> 我起身告别，党桂梅拉着我的手，不让我走，非让我去看看她丫头的奖状。 <br /> <br /> ====Part 14u 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli ====<br /> <br /> 党桂梅告诉我，她去学校给丫头开家长会。老师说告诉她，你家刘慧怡学习好，又谦让，对于有缺点有困难的同学很热心。党桂梅说我心里明白，我们平日里对女儿的教育，如今显了效果——能站起来走路，没人会愿意爬着走。咱们困难过，穷过，要是没有人帮，能站起来吗？所以咱们到啥时候也不要看不起穷人，看不起弱者。你手心里有硬币，就不要攥着握着，要用手托着，递给这个世界。<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei told me that she went to the school to hold a parent meeting for her daughter. The teacher said she had been told that your daughter, Liu Huiyi, was a good student, modest and enthusiastic about her classmates who had shortcomings and difficulties. Dang Guimei said I understood in my heart that the education we had given our daughter in the past was now showing results - no one would want to crawl if they could stand up and walk. We have had difficulties, poor, if there is no one to help, can stand up? So let's not look down on the poor and the weak at all times. If you have a coin in your hand, don't hold it in your hand, but hold it in your hand and hand it to the world. On the way back, <br /> <br /> <br /> 回来的路上，党桂梅去了书店，买了一套四大名著，作为对女儿的奖励。<br /> <br /> Dang Guimei went to the bookstore and bought a set of the Four Great Classical Novels as a reward for her daughter.<br /> <br /> == Part 15 ==<br /> <br /> ====Part 15a====<br /> <br /> <br /> 你的故事正年轻<br /> <br /> 我没有想到眼前这个人就是赵丽杰。赤峰市扶贫办和林西县扶贫的工作人员，纷纷给我讲赵丽杰的故事，没有谁对她的外在形象做过描述。<br /> <br /> <br /> 在我的想象中，一个开着拖拉机在田地里春种秋收的女人，一个赶着四百只羊早出晚归的女人，一个独自开车，每天进出几十家售送自己包的粘豆包的女人，应该属于身强力壮那一款——脸上布满烈日留下的赭红，手上有粘稠的汗渍和厚厚的老茧，笑起来前仰后合地动山摇，身上的衣服平平常常宽松肥大，用拿起一把铁锨的感觉，端起餐桌上的筷子。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 15b====<br /> <br /> <br /> 事实上，赵丽杰是个美丽的时尚女郎，以至于她就坐在我的身边，我还在想，不是说赵丽杰会来吗，怎么还没有到？我这样说毫不夸张，我身边的她，雪肤凝脂，脸上透出些许玫瑰的色泽，一双眼睛黑亮清澈，长发垂肩，身材有型，说话绵言细语，举手投足从容大方。我一向衣帽取女人，不是看价钱，而是看一个女人在把衣帽变成服饰的过程中体现出来的品味。浅牛仔色的棉布衬衫，外罩深一度的牛仔坎肩裙，坎肩裙的领口和裙摆处有一道浅金色的镶边，黑色的体型打底裤，脚踩一双暖色调的漆皮鞋，皮鞋装饰竟然和裙子上的镶边相映成趣……赵丽杰的打扮体现了她的自我了解，抬人儿，雅气，简洁，毫不刻意，又透出小小的心思，这种女性的聪慧让我看着非常舒服。服饰往往体现一个女性对生活和自己的全部理解。还没有深谈，我就喜欢上她了。<br /> <br /> <br /> 这是一个从故事里走来的女子。1987年出生，今年33岁，赵丽杰如此年轻的人生故事，使我想起一株柔嫩的柳树，多少次在风中雪中弯下腰，似乎就要折断，却能够慢慢地直起身，站起来，然后绿意盎然，茁壮成长。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 15c 夏盼 Xia Pan（贺沛He Pei）====<br /> <br /> 一<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰的父母都是林西县的农民。<br /> <br /> 林西县的双兴村地处大兴安岭山脉南部的山沟里，干旱少雨，缺养人的河，缺水浇地，也缺致富的路。这里只适合种植耐旱的杂粮，杂粮低产，一年到头辛苦下来，只能收获几百斤。在他们第一个儿子不幸夭折之后，这对夫妻看到一家亲戚放弃了一个生下三天的女婴儿，抱起来看看，这孩子命大，还有呼吸，他们心软，便抱回家当了自己的女儿。为了给孩子个富裕的生活，这对夫妻决定远走他乡。大兴安岭北部东侧的鄂伦春自治旗小二沟乡成了他们落脚的地方。在这里，他们浑身的气力和农耕经验派上了用场。夫妻双双种地，使用机械化作业，一种一收就是上万斤；丈夫间或出去林业局打工，虽然把大圆木从山上运下来的工作十分艰苦，但是可以挣到优厚的工资，这是在远方的老家想都不敢想的事情。<br /> <br /> Zhao Lijie's parents are both farmers in Linxi County. Shuangxing Village in Linxi County is located in a ravine in the southern part of the Daxing'anling Mountains, with drought climate and little rainfall, a lack of rivers to feed people, a lack of water to water land, and a lack of roads to get rich. Here is only suitable for planting drought-tolerant grains, The yield of grains is low. After hard working all year round, only a few hundred catties of grain can be harvested.After the tragic death of their first son, the couple saw a relative abandoned a three-day-old baby girl. They picked it up and looked at it. The child was lucky and breathing. They were soft-hearted, so they took her home and raised her as thier own daughter.In order to give their children a rich life, the couple decided to travel far away. Xiaoergou Township, Oroqen Autonomous Banner, on the eastern side of the northern part of the Greater Khingan Mountains has become their place of settlement. Here, their strength and farming experience come in handy. The couple both cultivated their land with mechanized operations, and they harvested tens of thousands of pounds of grain every year. The husband sometimes went out to work in the forestry bureau. Although the work of transporting the big logs from the mountains is very difficult, he can earn a good salary which is unbelievable in his far hometown.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15d 夏依颐 Xia Yiyi ====<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰出生了，健康又活泼，不久母亲又给她生了个弟弟，一家五口，过上了温饱安稳的生活。不知道为什么，在家里的三个孩子当中，父亲对二女儿丽杰分外严厉。九岁，父亲就带着她下地了，让她分辨什么是草，什么是苗；上了小学，父亲便要求她学做饭，学洗衣服，照顾弟弟；十三岁，父亲手把手地教她开小四轮拖拉机，她就这样学会了做庄稼活儿，每年家里春种秋收的时候，田里总是少不了她单薄矮小的身影。相对于赵丽杰，姐姐和弟弟得到的疼爱，要多很多。吃的穿的，都是尽着他们俩。父亲经常和丽杰说的是，一个人就是累死，也不能饿死，只要你认干，就没有过不下去的日子。要学会要靠自己的肩膀把家撑起来。而对待姐姐和弟弟，父亲从来不说这些，一味和风细雨，关怀备至。<br /> Zhao Lijie was born, healthy and lively, and soon her mother gave birth to a little brother. A family of five lived a stable life without worrying food and clothing. The father somehow was stricter with Lijie, the second daughter, than the rest. At the age of nine, she was even brought to work with her father in the fields and asked to distinguish plants, from grass to seedlings. Years later, she, as young as an elementary school student, was requested to learn to cook and do the laundry, and take care of her brother. As she turned thirteen, her father taught her to drive a small four-wheel tractor, and she learned to do farm work. Her tiny figure is always seen in the fields when the planting or harvest season arrives. She is the one who receives the very least parental love, as her siblings can always be the first to enjoy food or clothes. What she heard most from her father is that one can lose his life from exhaustion, but never from starvation and that as long as he works, he can sure to make a living and support his family with his own shoulders. Nevertheless, those words are never said to Lijie’s siblings for the father nourishes them so carefully with gentle breeze and mild drizzle.<br /> <br /> Zhao Lijie was born, healthy and lively, and soon her mother gave birth to a little brother. A family of five lived a stable life . But The father was stricter with Lijie, than the rest. At the age of nine, she was even brought to work with her father in the fields and asked to distinguish grass between seedlings. Years later, she, as young as an elementary school student, was requested to learn to cook and do the laundry, and take care of her brother. As she turned thirteen, her father taught her to drive a small four-wheel tractor, she learned how to do farm work in this way. Her tiny figure is always seen in the fields when the planting or harvest season arrives. She receives the very least parental love, as her siblings can always be the first to enjoy food or clothes. What she heard most from her father is that one can lose his life from exhaustion, but never from starvation and that as long as he works, he is sure to make a living and support his family on his own . Nevertheless, those words are never said to Lijie’s siblings for the father nourishes them so carefully with gentle breeze and mild drizzle.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15e ====<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰搞不懂父亲，也有几分赌气。看到姐姐退学在家里，赵丽杰说，我不想退学，我要接着读，不想当一个无知的人。为了不让外人议论父母，说他们偏向亲生的女儿，只供丽杰上学，不供姐姐了。小小年纪的丽杰，上了中学，她就开始自己供自己了。所有不上课的时间，她先到自家地里薅草，间苗，干杂活，不论是下雨还是刮风，哪怕被浇透冻透，都必须把急重的活儿干完。干完自己家的活儿，她就去别人家的地里打工，挣自己的书费，住宿费，伙食费。<br /> <br /> 十七八岁的时候，村里人都叫赵丽杰假小子。装着一百多斤粮食的袋子，别人帮着搭上了肩头，她背起来就走；一百多只羊的羊群，她鞭子一甩就赶到了草甸子；拖拉机和农机有点小毛病她也能鼓捣好。<br /> <br /> 2006年，父亲由于长年上山运送木头，经常在寒气中喝酒驱寒，得了一种莫名的疾病，浑身没劲，手发抖，于是只好回家侍弄牛羊养家。正月十五，他在给牛加料时，突然身子一歪，就倒在了地上，当赵丽杰听见声音，父亲已经永远地闭上了双眼。母亲带着弟弟到沈阳看病去了，姐姐回了她的生母家，家里只有赵丽杰一个人，那时赵丽杰还是个不满十九岁的小姑娘。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 15f ====<br /> <br /> 天塌了！赵丽杰使劲摇父亲，父亲的胳膊突然变得很沉重，很僵硬；她喊着，爸呀，爸呀，父亲的眼睛好像微微一动，细看却再也不动了；她把脸贴在父亲的手心上，父亲的手心开始还是温热的，不一会就冰凉冰凉的了，最后，那个无数次抚摸过自己头顶、扶着自己干农活儿的手掌彻底僵直，无论小丽杰怎样拼命用自己的手去揉，去暖，仍然像寒风中的一块铁那般无情。<br /> <br /> 这一天是正月十五，浑圆的月亮把院子、草垛、羊圈、父亲的遗体照得惨白，天地间那个静啊，小丽杰啕嚎地哭喊着，没有一个人能听到她的声音，她觉得，整个世界都和父亲一起冻成冰了。小丽杰想把父亲从地上抱起来，可是怎么也抱不动，她突然清醒了——难道那个时刻真的到了？她慢慢抬起头，孤零零地站在月光下。爸呀，爸呀，你为什么跟我说要学会用肩膀把家撑起来，你难道早已知道一切都是命中注定？可是我并不知道该怎么办……爸呀，爸呀，你就这样把我丢在大冷天里头了，你就不能回回头，告诉我可怎么办啊……绝不能把这个噩耗告诉母亲。母亲远在沈阳，因为弟弟三天之后就要做一个大手术，如果告诉她，她垮了，弟弟谁来管。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 15g ====<br /> <br /> 雪花从朝晖的缝隙中袭来，当父亲的遗体被装进朱红色的棺椁，安放在院子里，小丽杰的眼泪已经在夜晚里哭干了，她孤零零地跪在烧纸盆前。她烧完的纸钱灰一层层悬摞着，生命，生活，时间，记忆在这一刻变成了一场灰。却不知，一个火星突然探出来，纸钱死灰复燃，火舌飞快地燎着小丽杰的刘海，烤到了小丽杰的手，她愣愣地不知道痛，恍然中心里一惊，难道这是父亲重重的一句叮嘱？<br /> 按照北方丧葬的习俗，停灵三天出殡。小丽杰一个人，白天给来帮忙的乡亲做饭，晚上守着父亲的灵柩呆坐。<br /> <br /> 弟弟的手术并不成功，他和死去的哥哥生得是同一种病，这种病来自基因，中国只见过两例。被苦难压垮的母亲，整日泪水洗面，精神恍惚，家里的积蓄已经所剩无几，弟弟还需要做第二次手术。二十岁的赵丽杰，在地里偷偷流泪，回到家里，面对弟弟和母亲强作笑颜。只见弟弟一天天虚弱下去，他脸色青灰，无法直腰，肚子无时不在痉挛。每当赵丽杰收工，回家，第一眼就会撞上弟弟那乞怜的眼神，弟弟还小，对死亡并没有什么理解，但是他懂得不能离开母亲和姐姐。骨肉情深，赵丽杰拼死也要救弟弟，她出门借债，踏遍了所有亲朋好友的门槛，可是没有人相信，一个小姑娘有朝一日能够把他们的辛苦钱如数还回来。赵丽杰在人家的面前泪水连连，人家拿出个三头五百，说一句不用还了，算是安慰她。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 15h 肖娜 Xiao Na====<br /> <br /> 家里连个可以商量的人都没有了。到底还得动用命根子，赵丽杰卖了五垧地，拿到五万元，带着病重的弟弟和精神抑郁的母亲，来到京城协和医院。弟弟住院手术，所有的钱用在他身上还不够。赵丽杰和母亲住不起旅馆，就垫着纸壳子，睡在走廊的地上，吃干面包就矿泉水。母亲为了儿子，女儿为了弟弟和母亲，她们无比坚韧，拼上性命也在所不惜，知道她们处境的人，纷纷伸出援助之手，这个出两百，那个出六百。人在绝境，每一元钱都让他们感到天大的温暖。那些陌生的人，把钱放到母亲的纸壳上边，说声不用谢，就走了。纵使相逢应不识，但是他们的真情就像种子一样，深深地种进了赵丽杰的心田。她发誓，自己这辈子除非不翻身，只要有能力了，一定要帮助穷人，帮助弱者。<br /> There was no one to have a consultation in the house.After all,Zhao Lijie had to use her lifeblood that is five plots of land to get 50,000 yuan.Then,she took her diseased brother and depressed mother to come to Peking Union Medical College Hospital.It's not enough to spend all the money on her brother's hospitalization and surgery.Zhao with her mother couldn't afford to the expenses of hotel so they slept on the floor of corridor with paper and ate hard bread and drank mineral water.The mother for her son,and the daughter for her mother and brother,which they were greatly dauntless for each other and were even willing to risk their lives.People who knew their situation reach their hands to help them,such as someone gave them 200 yuan,someone gave them 600 yuan.one is in a extreme situation,every dollar makes him feel great warmth.Those strangers put their money in the mother's nearby and said you're welcome and left.Even though they didn't know each other,their true feelings were like seeds.which were deeply planted in Zhao's heart.And she vowed that as long as she has the ability,she must help the poor and the vulnerable people.<br /> <br /> 弟弟到底没有救活。父母基因太近，如果生男孩，就会造成胎儿畸形，最终不能保住。医生的诊断，让赵丽杰明白了父亲的深意。人类的科学认知距离中国贫穷的乡村虽然十分遥远，父亲对未来的某些预知，来自于他失去大儿子的生命之殇。 <br /> Finally.Zhao's brother couldn't be saved because her parents' genes were too close.If her parents gave birth to boys,they will cause fetal malformation and can't be saved in the end.The doctor's diagnosis made Zhao Lijie know her father's profound meaning.Although human scientific cognition are far away from the poor countryside in China,her father had some predictions about the future from the death of his eldest son.<br /> <br /> 母亲的病越发严重了，她已经不能像正常人一样生活了。<br /> The illness of Zhao's mother was getting worse and she couldn't live like a normal person.<br /> <br /> 即使肩上的担子再重，老赵家毕竟还有一个女儿。我要拼命挣钱，我要告慰父亲的在天之灵，这个家垮不了，你的女儿和你一样，是个宁可累死，也不能饿死的人！<br /> Even if the burden on my shoulders is heavy,Zhao's family still has a daughter.I will do my best to make money to comfort my father's soul in the heaven.The family can't collapse because your daughter,like you,is the sort of person who would rather die of exhaustion than starve to death!&quot;<br /> <br /> ====Part 15i ====<br /> 二<br /> <br /> 2009年，赵丽杰靠着无比的自强之力，完成了在赤峰师专的学业。听说故乡的老中医可以用中药调理母亲的病，赵丽杰打点了行装，处理了家里仅存的田地，带着母亲回到了赤峰市林西县。老中医是母亲的四叔，她们娘俩便住在了林西县城四叔的家里。母亲的病有了一点点好转，赵丽杰开始创业养家。在上学期间她发现了校园附近的学生餐难吃，又贵，同学们都渴望物美价廉的学生餐，做这一行应该是可以双赢的。一毕业，她来不及考虑其它的入职考试，即刻租了门市，开了一家学生快餐店。做饭可是她的长项，她的学生餐色味香俱全，店里干净得一尘不染，价钱又适合学生，开业一个星期，她的小店开始爆红。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15j ====<br /> <br /> <br /> 就在这时候，那个命中注定的男人出现了，他叫董蒙，林西县新城子镇双兴村人，此时正在新疆武警部队服役。他到四叔的诊所取药，让在一旁照顾母亲的赵丽杰眼前一亮。后来赵丽杰跟我说起这个情景时，用了一个小青年的口头禅——“好帅啊！”。别人说，这是咱们村谁谁家的儿子，比你大三岁，叫大哥，他们就这么相逢一笑， 算是认识了。当正值青春萌动的年龄，彼此的化学反应应该是有的，但是赵丽杰就此打住不敢深想，因为自己的肩头扛着一个还没有走出苦难的家。直到赵丽杰慢慢发现，这个年轻军人虽然话不多，但是很有礼貌，总是和颜悦色，看到诊所里病人，他便让出座位，让人家先就诊，是个善良厚道之人。后来，两个年轻人加了QQ，说是普通朋友，话可是越说越多。 。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15k ====<br /> <br /> 董蒙在第二年复员了，他经常去赵丽杰的小店帮忙。赵丽杰深深爱上了为人端正，头脑聪明，能吃苦的董蒙，她觉得自己的眼光没错，董蒙正是自己要寻找的那个人。<br /> <br /> 可是董蒙的父母还是带着一些古老的蒙昧，他们向儿子提出了质疑，这个姑娘家里穷不说，命还贼拉硬，自己身体那么结实，家人却死了三个人，就剩下一个病歪歪的老妈，咱不能要。<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰跟董蒙说，穷，我不怕，亲人暂时不支持，我也不怕，只要我们努力，一切都会改变，我只要你对我妈妈好。<br /> <br /> 董蒙说，那还用说嘛，那不也是我的亲人吗 。<br /> <br /> 董蒙常常坐在岳母身边，像哄孩子一样和她聊天，一有空就帮她料理生活，病中的母亲得到了一丝安慰。谁家的女儿不是母亲手中的珍宝，可丽杰这孩子，从小就只有疼爱别人的份儿，有谁呵护过她，照顾过她？眼见得自己的女儿有了知疼知热的女婿，不久又有了一个可爱的外孙子，母亲的脸上出现了舒心的笑容，渐渐地摆脱了病魔，后来一直把赵丽杰的儿子带大。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15l 谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou ====<br /> <br /> 董蒙在部队时获得了医疗专业的证书，赵丽杰也可以在城里找个安稳的工作。但是，赵丽杰往双兴村老家走了几趟，到山坡上，庄稼地里，林甸子转了个遍，萌生了回农村创业的想法。董蒙说，你上哪，我到哪。<br /> Dong Meng obtained a medical professional certificate when he was in the army, and Zhao Lijie could also find a secure job in the city. However, Zhao Lijie made several trips to his home in Shuangxing Village, went to the hillside, crop fields, and forested meadows, then developed the idea of returning to the countryside to start a business. Dong Meng said, &quot; I will follow you wherever you go.&quot;<br /> <br /> 你见过河水倒流的吗？你见过杏树在冬天开花的吗？全村全乡全县，年轻人哪个不往高处走，你能给找出第二个像你们这样的傻狍子吗？公公这辈子在农村过苦日子是怕了，一看这两个人真的回到了农村，气得火冒三丈，每天指桑骂槐，他觉得自己的儿子亏大了，都叫儿媳妇带偏了。<br /> &quot;Have you ever seen a river flowing backwards? Have you ever seen an apricot tree blooming in winter? The whole village, the whole township, the whole county, every young people wants to strive for the better life in the city, can you find another idiot like you here?&quot; The father-in-law was afraid of living a hard life in the countryside, and when he saw his son and daughter-in-law had really returned to the countryside, he was such furious that scolded them every day, feeling that his son had lost a lot of money and had been led astray by his daughter-in-law.<br /> <br /> 有道是不是一家人不进一家门，完美的爱情就是心心相印。赵丽杰说，双兴村为啥能有这么多撂荒的土地？董蒙告诉她，一来雨水少，杂粮产量太低，种地没赚头，二来种地靠锄头铁锨，脸朝黄土背朝天，现在的人不愿意付这个辛苦，能干活儿的人都到城里打工去了，这土地就变成了有主儿没人种的撂荒地了。<br /> There is a saying goes that, birds of the same kind live together and the perfect love means the heart to heart. Zhao Lijie said, why there are so much idle land in the Shuangxing Village? Dong Meng told her, because of less rainfall, grain yield is too low, there is no profit in farming.Further more, farming depends on the hoe and shovel, people have to work hard in the field, now they are not willing to bear the hard work, people perfer to find a job in the city. In consequence, these land became unused anymore.<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰说再荒芜两三年，这里就彻底成了草甸子了。<br /> Zhao Lijie said that after another two or three years of desolation, this place would become a complete meadow.<br /> <br /> 董蒙说，我知道，你是想把小二沟的机械化复制到双兴村的撂荒地上。<br /> Dong Meng said, &quot;I know that you want to replicate the mechanization of the Xiaoer ditch to the village of Shuangxing on the idle land. &quot;<br /> <br /> ====Part 15m ====<br /> <br /> 夫妻俩开始研究林西的气候——每年降雨量不足300毫米，无霜期只有110天左右。林西为什么有种杂粮的传统，是和雨水少有关，短时间强烈日照，四十天不下雨，荞麦、莜麦、黄米 、芸豆、黑豆、绿豆都可以在这种情况下生长。这些作物都不会长的很高，但是种籽饱满，营养丰富。<br /> <br /> 那两年，他们是真困难，丽杰怀孕时，就想吃个鸡腿，几次话到嘴边，又咽回去，她知道，她如果说了，丈夫即使捉襟见肘，也会去给她买回来。所以她不能说，她舍不得花钱。但是，她把全部的嫁妆钱都一次性全花光了，开回来一台小型拖拉机。<br /> <br /> 败家子，好好的日子非让你们折腾毁了不可。在山沟沟里窝了几辈子的老人，胆子小，脾气爆，除了亲眼见汗珠子啪嗒啪嗒掉在泥土里，其它一律不相信。赵丽杰多少次气得眼泪在眼眶里打转，董蒙就把手伸过来了，每一次，赵丽杰都是在丈夫温情的怀抱里，忍住了眼泪。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15n ====<br /> <br /> 双兴村那时的贫困景象，在当下中国的农村里是看不到了。夏天的土地，是半黄半绿的，没有作物，只有荒草，通向县城的是一条砂石自然路，手机没有信号，出门靠骑自行车，家家户户住着陈旧破烂的房子，从东边走到西边，连牛羊的叫声都很难听到，年轻人都潇洒地冲向了城市，只有老人和病人，在各家的昏暗的土房里发出沉重的叹息，进了村像是走进了尘封的历史记忆。<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰挨家挨户上门询问：“大爷大娘，你家的地今年种不种？”<br /> <br /> “不种正好，不赔不赚，种了，秋后还不够雇工的钱呢。”<br /> <br /> “那大爷大娘，我种一年好不好。”<br /> <br /> “那感情好，要不然就成了放羊的甸子了。”<br /> <br /> “那大爷大娘，到秋我要收了，每亩地按照收成，给你们交租金。”<br /> <br /> “不用，不用，就算替俺们翻地铲地了。”<br /> <br /> ====Part 15o ====<br /> <br /> 三百亩地，很快就流转过来了。可能是因为荒僻的小山村里，终于有了一点风吹草动，有了一丝活气儿，村民便有了十二分的兴奋，早早地站在地头等着，就像等着看一场戏。早上三点，天刚蒙蒙亮，赵丽杰戴着头灯，开始在田间作业，饿了吃点凉馒头，累了，靠在座驾上打个盹儿。村里人看看就散了，他们不相信这细皮嫩肉的小媳妇能成事儿，<br /> <br /> 雨搅雪，烈日干风，风雨交加，大兴安岭脚下的春季几天就变一场戏法，似乎故意折磨这个不服输的小媳妇。赵丽杰咬紧牙关拼命干，人长在了机器上，自己也成了钢铁，赵丽杰头顶上的遮阳帽，变成了灰白色，轻轻拿手一捅就会出现个口子，到底把种籽如期播下，到底看见了秧苗一天天破土发芽，拔节吐穗。站在丈夫的身边，三百亩绿油油的好庄稼在风中如波涛起伏，赵丽杰忘记了所经历的一切，甜甜的蜜，在心里荡漾。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15p ====<br /> <br /> 按照夫妻俩的计划，如果丰收，明年要置办一些大型的农机设备，流转更多的土地，扩大生产规模。实施这个计划的前提就是手里有钱，有了钱，事业就有了基础。于是赵丽杰在种地的闲暇中，买了一百个怀孕的母羊，繁殖了一百个羊羔，接着继续繁殖，到了年底，她已经有了将近四百只的羊群。这时，董蒙是分不出身来帮助她了，他从村委会会计做起，接着当了村党支部副书记，现在是村里的党支部书记兼村主任。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15q====<br /> <br /> 作为一个生于草原的写作者，我熟悉放牧生活，曾多次见过牧羊人出牧，转场，接羔。可实在想象不出来，长发飘飘的赵丽杰赶着羊群在山地里穿行的景象。她只平平淡淡说了句——这头发，放羊的时候我也没舍得剪短，我这厢眼泪就涌出了来，我心疼一个女人本该坐在柔软的沙发里，端一杯咖啡，捧一本诗集，或者推着婴儿车在阳光里哼摇篮曲的年龄，我更心疼她那份于孤独畏葸中的孜孜矻矻。这样一个二十多岁的小媳妇，孤零零地赶着近四百只羊的羊群寻觅水草，那绝不是什么浪漫的事儿——脚下是深深浅浅的草窠，身后是黑黑的树林，山根、林间到处都是坟墓，一个小松鼠从脚边跳起来都能把人吓个半死，况且，赵丽杰放牧必须贪黑起早，早两三点出去，八点多回来，下午三四点钟再出去。羊怕热，人却什么也不能怕，她把羊赶进圈，忙着吃口饭，就要去地里干活儿，干完活再接着放羊。困极了，看着羊群老实吃草，就往有草的地方一铺雨衣，抓紧打个盹，一觉醒来，发现自己的身上爬满了红蚂蚁。有一天风大，一个装着五根玉米的桶被风刮得老高，又落到她的身上…… <br /> <br /> ====Part 15r====<br /> <br /> 秋收天到了，赵丽杰家的场院装满了大丰收的粮食，听到传说的乡亲们悄悄走进门来，挨排数粮食袋子，数完了，奔走相告——是真的，十万斤还要多出几千斤！反对的声音不见了，乡亲们来找赵丽杰说，明年还想把土地流转给你种。 <br /> <br /> 经过两年的努力，赵丽杰积累了一些因地制宜的管理经验，她接着流转了将近六百亩土地，购置了两台大马力拖拉机，一台大型收割机和九台小型农机，通过对土地的集中和规模化经营，延伸了养殖、种植产业链，实行了连片耕种，因而农作物的产量大幅度提高，2014年正式注册了自己的家庭农场。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15s 余海铭 Yu Haiming====<br /> <br /> 正当赵丽杰的创业蓝图，在自己的故乡的土地上徐徐铺开的时候，全国上下脱贫攻坚战的号角已经吹响，精准扶贫不断深入，这可真是好雨知时节，当春乃发生！精准扶贫需要优秀项目，产业项目需要有更多的村民参与。2017年赵丽杰顺应时代大趋势，牵头成立了荣盛达种植农民专业合作社，继续扩大杂粮产业化规模，购买各种大马力农机具达到三十八台，为了让百姓获得实实在在的收益，合作社采取分三种模式进行土地流转，对被弃耕的土地， 以高于市场价格租用，使土地得到有效利用，让村民得到租金费；对有一些劳动能力的老人，对他们的土地采取委托式经营，合作社为他们耕种，防虫，除害，收割，并减免百分之二十的费用，他们只负责田间管理和晾晒原粮，合作社最后还以每斤高于市场的价格回收原粮；针对有劳动能力无资金的村民，吸收他们以土地入股的形式加入合作社，并在合作社务工，使其得到入股分红和劳务工资的双重收入。现下，合作社流转托管土地达二万三千亩，每年增产七十余万斤，直接效益上百万，辐射带动周边三千五百余户百姓脱贫致富，人均收入增收三千余元，为当地村民确保“两不愁，三保障”贡献了力量。<br /> Just as Zhao Lijie's blueprint for starting a business was being slowly rolled out on the land of his hometown, the Horn of the national poverty alleviation war had been sounded, and the precision of poverty alleviation had been continuously deepened. Good rain knows its time right, it will fall when comes spring. Targeted poverty reduction needs excellent projects, and industrial projects need more villagers to participate. In 2017, following the trend of the times, Zhao Lijie led the establishment of Rongshengda Farmer's Professional Cooperative, continued to expand the scale of grain industrialization, and purchased 38 high-power agricultural machines and tools. In order to enable the people to obtain real benefits, the cooperative adopted three modes of land transfer. For abandoned land, the cooperative rented it at a price higher than the market price, so that the land can be effectively used and the villagers can get rent; For the elderly who have the ability to work, their land will be managed by entrustment. The cooperatives will farm, prevent insects, kill pests and harvest for them, and reduce the cost by 20%. They are only responsible for field management and drying the raw grain. The cooperatives will finally recover the raw grain at a price higher than the market price;For the villagers who have the ability to work but do not have funds, they should be recruited to join the cooperatives in the form of land shares and work in the cooperatives, so that they can get the dual income of share dividends and labor wages. At present, the cooperative has transferred 230 hector of entrusted land, increasing the output by more than 700000 catty every year, with a direct benefit of over one million. It has driven more than 3500 households around to shake off poverty and become rich, with an increase in per capita income of more than 3000 yuan, contributing to the local villagers' &quot;two worries, three guarantees&quot;.<br /> <br /> ====Part 15t====<br /> <br /> <br /> 赵丽杰曾经长时间研究过自己种的荞麦。荞麦是当下农村很少可以自己留种籽的作物之一，在北纬四十三度的低温和强烈日照中，荞麦顽强而简单地生长，由于无霜期太短，她进化成了一种特殊的样子，细细的茎秆，繁花一般的籽粒，宁肯全身干枯，把所有的能量都集中在种籽上，为的是留下绵延不尽的种群。看到地里的荞麦，赵丽杰总是想起一些人来，这些人当年把一百、二百元、六百元轻轻地放在她和母亲坐卧的纸壳上，悄然地离开，就像在土地里撒下一颗美好的种籽，让赵丽杰永生不忘，她已经不知道多少次默念过当初的誓言——这辈子，除非不翻身，只要有能力了，一定要帮助穷人，帮助弱者。现在，这些种籽已经成熟，赵丽杰要把这种籽播撒到力所能及的每一寸土地里。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15u====<br /> <br /> <br /> 苏万军一家，本是双兴村的殷实户。苏万军原本身强力壮，常年在外打工，有固定不菲的收入，谁知在2011年春节期间，因为放鞭炮出了意外，一只眼睛被炸空，经多方抢救，保住了性命，却再也不能出去打工了。由于治疗中拉下饥荒，只靠妻子一人干杂活挣钱，日子过得雪上加霜，一天不如一天。苏万军的情绪因此非常糟糕，常常喝闷酒，发脾气。<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰出现在他们家，还没有讲话，苏万军就开怼了，我知道你干啥来了，你家过的好，到我这臭显，走走走，我不给你打工。<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰理解他的心态，多少年村里人就是如此，宁可在外面弯到折腰，也不肯在乡人跟前垂一下眼皮。<br /> <br /> 一次不行，赵丽杰又去了第二次，这一次她这样说:“二大爷，我来求你们帮忙来了，我们家没有你们帮忙，可就要关板了。你就给我灶膛里添添柴火，干点杂活，一天一百元，算是给我救急”看苏万军没有动气，她慢慢地讲起了自家的故事——谁愿意摊上事儿呢，想当年我爸活着，我们家也是村里过的好的，后来变成了最穷的，那比你家可难过多了，现在这不也是挺过来了……<br /> <br /> ====Part 15v====<br /> <br /> 苏万军终于想明白了，于是夫妻俩到合作社干活儿， 一个月挣六千元，一年就还清了外债，天天乐呵呵的。他们家现在已经脱贫，还给儿子在林西镇首付了楼房。 <br /> <br /> 张汉文家的情况更是令人愁眉不展， 妻子是多年的精神病患者，久治不愈，受到一点刺激立刻会做出激烈反应，跳过三次井，动辄不遮不掩地跑到街上，全家人被她弄得疲惫不堪 ，导致张汉文脑出血后遗症。正是屋漏偏逢连阴雨，一个儿子在下井背煤时被塌方夺走性命，另一个儿子得上了脑炎，一直没能结婚生子，他们家是全村最贫困的建档立卡户。赵丽杰回村以后，无意中知道了他们家的情况，从此他们一家人的衣服鞋帽全由赵丽杰来买，每当赵丽杰看到他家四十多岁的儿子，给疯妈妈做饭，换衣服，洗尿湿的裤子，就会想起自己家过去的生活，心里总是有一种撕肝裂肺的痛。现在有了合作社，赵丽杰就反复琢磨，怎么才能帮他们彻底改变生活的悲囧，让它们和全村人一起过上好日子呢？后来，合作社每年为他们提供种子，提供免费耕地、播种，防虫害，收割，最后用高于市场价回收他们家的原粮。还给他们提供资金，买了五只羊，在家里饲养，2017年到现在，他们家已经发展到了六十多只，去年卖小羊羔，就收入了五万块，终于实现了脱贫。<br /> <br /> ====Part 15w 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei====<br /> <br /> 贫困户崔玉大爷，因病花光家里积蓄，目前病情稳定能干点轻松的工作了，可是没有启动资金，他天天愁，赵丽杰找到他，帮他申请贷款，买了二十只羊，告诉他，家里的地托管給合作社以后，为他种草种料，只要用心经营，两年后一定脱贫，现在崔大爷家已经五十多只羊，还清了贷款，日子越过越有劲。<br /> Cui Yu, a low income family member, spent all his savings because of illness. He was then in a stable condition and can do some easy work, but he had no start-up capital. He worried every day. Zhao Lijie found him and helped him apply for a loan and bought 20 sheep for him. He told him that after his land was entrusted to the cooperative, he would plant grass and seeds for him. As long as he worked hard, he would get rid of poverty in two years. Then Uncle Cui's family had more than 50 sheep and paid off the loan, days were getting better and better.<br /> <br /> 贫困户高福生一家，因为儿子婚事，导致生活困难，赵丽杰说，我借给你钱，你发展家庭养殖，他们老两口犹豫不决，赵丽杰说，如果失败，我不要你们还钱，我现在就给你们写保证书…… 现在高福生的家庭养殖发展起来了，不仅还清了债务，手里都存着好几万了……<br /> Gao Fusheng, a poverty-stricken family, had a struggle life because of his son's marriage. Zhao Lijie said, &quot;I can lend you some money and you can develop farming. &quot;The old couple hesitated about that.Zhao Lijie said, &quot;If you fail, I don't need you to pay back the money. I will write a guarantee for you now... &quot;Now Gao Fusheng's family farming industry has developed very well. Not only had he paid off his debts, but he had tens of thousands in his hands... <br /> <br /> 贫困户王银，也和高福生一样，有病在身，又畏葸不前，赵丽杰也是主动借钱给他一万元，承诺赔了不要他还，又帮他申请了五万贷款，让他买了五头牛，又托管了他家的地，现王银家已经是有三十多头牛的富户了。<br /> Wang Yin, a poverty-stricken family, was also like Gao Fusheng, he was ill and afraided to move forward. Zhao Lijie also offered to lend him 10000 yuan, made the same promise to him, and applied for a loan of 50000 yuan for him. He asked him to buy five cows and trusted his family's land. Wang Yinjia became a rich family with more than 30 cows then. <br /> <br /> 现在，双兴村有十户养羊专业户，五户养牛专业户，小康人家越来越多，赵丽杰用实打实地帮助他们，赢得了乡亲们的信任。<br /> After that, Shuangxing Village had ten sheep raising families and five cattle raising families. More and more well-off people lived in Shuangxing Village. Zhao Lijie helpd them practically and won the trust of villagers. <br /> <br /> 2017年，赵丽杰在党旗下，庄严地举起左手宣誓，成为一名光荣的共产党员。<br /> In 2017, Zhao Lijie solemnly raised her left hand to swear under the Party flag and became a glorious Communist Party member. <br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 15x====<br /> <br /> 对于一个共产党员来说，人民群众的利益高于一切，必须全心全意为人民服务。赵丽杰想，过去艰苦创业，是为了实现父亲的叮嘱，用自己的力量撑起这个家，现在，自己的面前已经不是一个小小的家了，自己的肩头有了更重的担子。她理解脱贫攻坚这个伟大工程，两不愁三保障是基础，也是一个必经的阶段，最终必须让我们的乡村搭乘时代的列车，和人类文明的进程同步，那样才不会落后受穷。<br /> 2016年，赵丽杰到赤峰市参加了市妇联办的电商致富学习班。那时候大多数的农村妇女，会使用网络，对于电商，听起来感觉有点云山雾罩。大家觉得反正也整不明白，好不容易来了趟赤峰，都去做走亲会友、买东西、上医院之类的事情去了。坚持听课的人太少了，有一次，课堂里只剩了赵丽杰一个人，她哪里都没有去，是唯一坚持听完所有课程的学员。结业时，老师给她留下一个作业——回去用电商的方法带动一个贫困户，她把作业当成一件重要任务装在脑袋里，回到了村里。 <br /> <br /> ====Part 15y====<br /> 习近平总书记说，绿水青山就是金山银山。双兴的金山银山在哪里？原生态的土地上出产的原生态杂粮，不正是现代人餐桌上求之不得的食物吗？可是具体项目落实到哪里呢？从赤峰回来后，赵丽杰整天冥思苦想，儿子说，妈妈呀，叫你好几声，你都不答应，魔症了？<br /> 要过年了，按照当地习俗，家家蒸过年干粮，主打就是黄米面粘豆包。林西这一带的粘豆包，面是当地产的大黄米用石磨磨的，馅是当地产的大芸豆，调料是当地甜菜疙瘩熬出的绵白糖，这些食材作物 ，用的是当地一年接一年留下的种籽，从里到外都是原生态。年豆包出锅了，咬一口，香甜软糯，淳味绵绵。赵丽杰多年来帮助困难村民，在村里人缘好，乡亲们蒸了粘豆包，这家送一筐，那家送一篓，春节没到，赵丽杰家的仓房里就装了半下子粘豆包。<br /> 赵丽杰的灵感来了。她把每家的豆包尝了个遍，发了一个朋友圈，晒了一下林西双兴村的粘豆包，然后开车去找崔广芝大妈。<br /> 崔大妈干净利索，心灵手巧，用农村人的话说，就是过日子人儿。见了崔大妈，还没等开口，她坐下先看了一眼手机，朋友圈里已经聚集了一大堆赞，还有一连串的询问，看来粘豆包应该有市场。<br /> 崔大妈有些犹豫，赵丽杰说一切用料我来提供，你包，我卖，如果做不好，有损失，我全部承担。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 15z====<br /> 在县中蒙医院杨立军、赵洪军两位帮扶干部的帮助之下，粘豆包上线问题顺利解决。 <br /> 每天天不亮，赵丽杰就开车从林西县城赶往双兴崔大妈家，忙前忙后帮着蒸豆包、撒年糕，豆包和年糕出锅，晾凉，她还要按照订单分装妥当。忙一个上午，赵丽杰下午驱车赶回林西县城，以确保在天黑前把新鲜的豆包、年糕送到客户家。一个订单往往只有一二斤，有的客户家住六、七楼，为了节省时间，她都是一路小跑着送货。开门的大爷大娘看到气喘吁吁的她，都不免心疼地说，这孩子，不急，看累得……有时订货单多了，差不多要送到晚上七八点钟。多一份订单，赵丽杰就要在凛冽的寒风中，多穿梭一次，她的手上起了冻疮，脸被风吹得起了皴裂，董蒙心疼，假作玩笑说：“哎呀呀媳妇，你这几天怎么长丑了？”赵丽杰搞不懂，就去照镜子，董蒙继续调侃——媳妇，你不感觉粘豆包长到你脸上来了吗？董蒙止住笑，劝赵丽杰：“你已经够忙了，可别再给自己加码了，这种零打碎敲能挣几个钱？”赵丽杰挥动着小拳头说：“怎么，你胆敢不支持我？万事头三脚难踢，闯出去以后想想，一定感到很值得。”董蒙又一笑：“我是要用实际行动支持你，我把那些没做好的，歪歪扭扭的，糊巴乱啃的粘豆包通通买断行不行？”……幸福家庭的每一个细节都是甜蜜的。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part 15a1====<br /> 赵丽杰分析，喜欢吃粘豆包的老人们，爱的是对童年的记忆，喜欢吃粘豆包的年轻人，追求的是那份天然的醇香，所以，自己卖的粘豆包，其食材，制作方式必须保持住原汁原味。那么精确的原汁原味在哪里？在送货的过程中，遇上一位上了年纪的大妈，她非常喜欢吃粘豆包，赵丽杰多次爬六楼把粘豆包送到她家。她尝了尝，立马来了电话，说你这粘豆包不对劲，太酸了。赵丽杰第二天重新蒸了一锅，送到她家，她尝尝，又来了电话，说太甜了。原来这位大妈，当年是农村的巧媳妇，她这一辈子，就是做乡土饭过来的，吃乡土饭，她嘴刁得很。赵丽杰虚心听她的建议，反反复复为她更换了六次粘豆包，每一次，都会调整发面的时间，调整豆馅的干湿度、甜度，调整上火蒸制的时间，可她一直没有给满分。有人劝赵丽杰，就别卖给她算了，客户都夸咱们的粘豆包那叫东北一绝，要多好吃有多好吃，就她老人家格色。赵丽杰说那不行，既然要创出品牌，就要本着食不厌精、脍不厌细的原则，一分一毫都要做到极致。赵丽杰第七次爬六楼，给大妈送货上门，让大妈品尝提意见，终于见到大妈激动地说：“嗯，这才是正宗的铁锅粘豆包，当年我的老母亲蒸的就是这个味儿 ！”赵丽杰老高兴了，感觉自己得到了一个马拉松大奖杯。从此，这位大妈成为双兴粘豆包最忠实的粉丝, 赵丽杰也在每一次和大妈的交流中，学到了不少乡土美食的做法，总结出了蒸粘豆包的窍门和经验。客户说，吃别的什么，时间长了就会厌烦，吃你们的粘豆包怎么觉得越来越好吃呢？他们不知道，看似平常的小小粘豆包，蕴含着赵丽杰多少心劲儿，经过她过多少次一丝不苟的试验。<br /> <br /> <br /> ====Part b1张玉燕 Zhang Yuyan====<br /> <br /> 赵丽杰扩大车间，吸收村里有经验的大妈大婶姐姐嫂子到车间来劳动，线上线下一起销售，整个冬天，卖出去两千多斤粘豆包和年糕，崔大妈一个月纯收入就达6000多元，可把她高兴坏了。经过两年的积累，赵丽杰的“粘豆包”事业迎上一个新的小高潮！为了拓宽销路，走一条传统与现代相结合的生产方式，她特意购入了真空包装机，推出真空包装、精包装、礼盒装三种产品，以满足不同客户需求。2018年共计销售粘豆包、年糕和各种杂粮十几万斤，纯收入达二十余万元，带动六个贫困妇女脱贫，同时给十二名周边村妇女提供了劳动岗位。2019年一入冬，各地的新老客户就在线上订货，数量大幅度提高，光是全国各地的销售代理就猛增到了二十一名，产品可谓供不应求。<br /> <br /> Zhao Lijie expanded the workshop, recruited experienced women from the village, and sold sticky bean buns and rice cakes online and offline. Throughout the winter, over 1 ton of them had been sold. As one of the workers, Aunt Cui's monthly net income reached over 6000 yuan, which made her very happy.<br /> Having two years’ experience, Zhao Lijie's &quot;sticky bean buns&quot; business had ushered in a new climax! To broaden the market, and take a production mode combining tradition and modernization, she specially bought a vacuum packaging machine, and launched products that were vacuum-packaged, precision-packaged and gift-boxed. By doing so, the needs of different customers could be met.In 2018, with the sales of over fifty tons of sticky bean buns, rice cakes and coarse cereals, and a net income of more than 0.2 million yuan, six poverty-stricken women were lifted out of poverty, and 12 women in surrounding villages were provided with jobs. In the early winter of 2019, new and established customers from all over the country placed orders online, and the sales increased substantially. The number of sales agents also jumped to 21, but the supply of products could not meet the demand.<br /> <br /> ====Part b2 张玉燕 Zhang Yuyan====<br /> 作为赤峰市“三八红旗手” 、赤峰市“巾帼扶贫先进个人”、 “全国巾帼建功标兵” 、赤峰市劳动模范，作为一个合作社的理事长，她把思考的课题提升到了新的层面，那就是如何把新兴科技手段和新型农业知识运用到合作社未来的发展中去。在进行了专家咨询、市场可行性研究调查之后，赵丽杰决定引进食用菌种植，同时利用废弃菌棒，加工优质有机肥料，反哺有机杂粮，用循环的产业链生发循环的经济利益，这正是未来农业发展的大趋势。现在赵丽杰的荣盛达农业生产合作社，已扩展设施农业大棚27个，成功种植平菇、滑子菇，2019年又增添种植了火龙果、甜瓜种植等项目。建设起四百平米的新型厂房，一百六十平米的现代化冷库 ，将以前只能在冬季生产的产品，进行储藏、配货运输，实现长期化生产，不仅让全国客户一年四季都能吃到双兴的杂粮美食，还为周边女性提供160人就业岗位。<br /> <br /> As “March-Eighth Red-Banner Pacesetter” and &quot;Female Advanced Poverty Alleviation Individual&quot; of Chifeng City, &quot;National Women's Meritorious Pacesetter&quot;, a labor worker of Chifeng City,and president of a cooperative, Zhao Lijie raised her thinking to a new level-how to apply emerging scientific and technological skills and new agricultural knowledge to the future development of her cooperative.After expert consultation and market feasibility study, Zhao Lijie decided to introduce edible fungi for planting. At the same time, she made use of waste bacteria stick to process high-quality organic fertilizers and refeed organic cereals, which used circular industrial chain to generate circular economic benefits, and is the major trend of future agricultural development.Now Zhao Lijie's Rongshengda Agricultural Production Cooperative has expanded 27 facility agricultural greenhouses and successfully planted Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus velutipes. In 2019, projects such as pitaya and melon planting were added. A new factory building with an area of 400 square meters and a modern cold storage with an area of 160 square meters will be built to store, distribute and transport products that can only be produced in winter before, so as to realize long-term production. This will not only enable customers across the country to eat Shuangxing's cereals and delicacies all year round, but also provide 160 jobs for women around. <br /> <br /> 赵丽杰说，我爱农村，离不开农村，如果说城市是现代青年展示才华的舞台，那么农村就是现代青年大展宏图的广阔天地。<br /> <br /> &quot;I love the countryside and can't live without it. If the city is a stage for modern youth to show their talents, then the countryside is a vast world for modern youth to show their great ambitions,&quot;said Zhao Lijie.<br /> <br /> <br /> 在疫情期间，我看到电视台播报的消息，赵丽杰在当地第一个带头捐款捐物，带头做志愿者，坚守着自己的家园，同时日夜分秒必争，筹划着复工之后的诸多举措，年轻的赵丽杰在她的人生故事里，又掀开了新的一页。<br /> <br /> == Part 16 ==<br /> <br /> 他在给我讲述一棵树<br /> <br /> “进入新时代，就要有新思维！”“只有用战略思维谋划全局，用创新思维探索扶贫模式、完善体制机制，才能啃下脱贫攻坚的硬骨头！”这是赤峰市扶贫办主任冯树鑫标志性的内心宣示。<br /> 2014年底，年富力强的冯树鑫，由克什克腾旗旗委副书记兼克什克腾世界地质公园管理局局长的岗位上，调任赤峰市扶贫办主任。作为一个写作者，我多年以来养成了一种观察人习惯，那就是由表及里。我的理由是，不论一个人相貌平平还是仪表堂堂，能够标志其是否优秀的不是自然禀赋，而是外在的风貌举止。初见冯树鑫，他给我的第一印象是双目矍铄，相貌端庄，衣着简洁，后来几次与他沟通时，发现他身上的白衬衫永远一丝不苟，到了他办公室一看，文件文具整整齐齐，到处一尘不染。他开口说话，滔滔不绝，却沉稳敏捷，没有多余的赘词，总是一语中的。这一点让我对他十分信任，有一种故知的感觉。 <br /> <br /> <br /> 冯主任向上立起手臂，展开五指，开始了他的讲述。我感觉他的手构成了一棵树的姿态，而他的讲述也仿佛从一棵树的幼苗开始，沿着树的躯干和枝干精准道来。这棵树便是赤峰脱贫攻坚的来龙去脉。<br /> 他说：“2013年11月总书记在十八洞村提出精准扶贫，2014年底全国建立了建档立卡的体系，2015年十一月份中央召开全国脱贫攻坚会议，发文打赢脱贫攻坚战，配套国家十三五规划，“六个精准”、“五个一批” 开展工作。当时，内蒙古贫困人口一百五十余万，赤峰市四十六万八千，占自治区的三分之一，自治区有国家级贫困县三十一个，赤峰市有八个，自治区有二十六个自治区级贫困县，赤峰有两个，贫困县的数量赤峰站占全区总数的四分之一，贫困人口占全区总数的三分之一，可见当时赤峰市脱贫的任务是最重的。<br /> <br /> ====Part 庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====<br /> 2016年，我们建议市政府，在自治区下达的三项重点工作中加入脱贫攻坚一项内容。 经过努力，到2018年底，全市四十六万八千贫困人口，减至五万三千万人； 在2017年底，我们的林西县成为自治区第一个摘帽国贫县，经北京市师范大学第三方验收高质量通过，获得全国脱贫攻坚组织创新奖。2018年，林西县获得全国脱贫攻坚组织创新奖。赤峰市三个国贫县，两个自治区级贫困县出列，共六个贫困县摘帽；敖汉旗设立爱心基金，使贫困人口治病正常报销外，爱心基金再补报一部分，达到了健康医疗有保障，获得国家卫健委健康扶贫奖。<br /> <br /> In 2016, we suggested that the municipal government add poverty alleviation to the three key tasks assigned by the autonomous region. By the end of 2018, the number of people living in poverty in the city had decreased from 468,000 to 53,000.By the end of 2017, our Linxi County has become the first poverty-stricken county in the autonomous region, which has passed the third-party acceptance of Beijing Normal University and won the National Innovation Award for Poverty Alleviation Organizations.In 2018, Linxi County won the National Poverty Alleviation Organization Innovation Award. Three national poor counties and two autonomous region level poor counties were listed in Chifeng City, and a total of six poor counties were decapitated; Aohan Banner set up a love fund to make the poor people normally reimbursed for their medical treatment. In addition, the love fund made up a part of the reimbursement, which ensured health care and won the Health Poverty Alleviation Award of the National Health Commission.<br /> <br /> <br /> 2019年全市集中人力物力财力打好脱贫攻坚歼灭战，实现了五万三千人脱贫，一百七十三个嘎查村出列，阿鲁科尔沁旗、巴林左旗、翁牛特旗、敖汉旗最后四个国家级贫困县摘帽。赤峰的脱贫攻坚工作得到国务院扶贫办和自治区的认可，国务院扶贫办批准设立赤峰扶贫改革试验区。全区扶贫办主任会议、全区产业精准扶贫政金企对接会、全区扶贫小额信贷工作现场培训会和中央单位定点扶贫工作调度交流培训会议相继在赤峰召开；我们还成功举办2019年埃塞俄比亚公共服务与减贫研修班，这是我市连续三年成功承办国际减贫研修班。7月15日，习近平总书记亲临赤峰视察调研，对赤峰市脱贫攻坚工作充分肯定，赤峰四百六十万万各族人民备受鼓舞，正在向决战决胜发起总攻。<br /> <br /> <br /> 我们在市委市政府的领导下，通过这样的思路开展工作——赤峰这个地方，有一个优势，就是农产品丰富，所以抓产业，是我们的重点，因为产业扶贫可持续，可以把“小鱼挂在大串上”，更多地把贫困群众吸附在产业链上，带动大多数贫困人口实现增收致富。2016年，我们首先重点抓扶贫产业园建设，到现在已经建立了二百七十一个；其次，我们抓龙头企业建设，引进外地的名牌企业，也培育自己的本土龙头企业，把农副产品的产业链延长，达到对全市的辐射带动作用；还有，我们考虑到小合作社贷款难，成立的金融扶贫公司，为他们搭建融资平台，推动小企业、合作社尽快发展。另一个思路是易地扶贫搬迁，对于那些一方水土养不了一方人的自然村，全市通过易地扶贫搬迁移民的方式，将困难村民安置到乡镇、主干公路附近和旗县所在城关镇，通过新建社区、幸福互助院等方式，让贫困人口搬得出，稳得住，能致富……”<br /> <br /> <br /> 冯主任特别给我讲了两件事，他认为这两件事儿，是脱贫攻坚中不可或缺的中流砥柱，一个是中直机关定点帮扶，通过定点帮扶，让中化集团，三峡集团，国家安全部等部门施以强有力的援助，为赤峰新上了诸多大项目，推进脱贫攻坚进程；另一个就是北京市与自治区对口帮扶，北京市8个区帮扶赤峰市8个国贫县，北京市投入大量人力物力，对赤峰市脱贫攻坚起到巨大的推动作用。几年来，市直和旗县下派的五千三百五十三个扶贫干部，他们是国家扶贫政策的传导者，落实者，是他们在第一线伸出手，拉起了每一个贫困群众。他说起北京扶贫干部曹凤鸣的故事，讲起内蒙古自治区妇联副主席云翠荣的故事，讲起一个个驻村第一书记、村两委成员的故事，声音变得缓慢深沉，我听得出他平静的表情之下，有深沉的情感。<br /> <br /> <br /> 在交流中，冯树鑫给予我的信息实在丰繁，我全神贯注地听讲，通过他的语言，这些信息直接和土地对接、和现实融为一体，犹如雁群飞来，栖落在地，而地里同时长出了新绿，所以我在以上的转述中，我已经不能追述的那些十分具体，又万分抽象的时间、数字、因人施策的策，因地制宜的宜。例如，一系列中共中央、国务院有关脱贫攻坚文件下发的背景、时间、内容；各种指标，贫困率，脱贫率，贫困户的人均收入，贫困户通过参加光伏扶贫的收入；设施农业——有多少个大棚、多少万亩旱地，大棚种植了哪些果蔬品种，一年能收几茬，何时育苗，何时采摘，滴灌的水量，日照的温度；养殖业——一般农牧户多少头牛羊，每个旗多少头牛羊，杜泊羊和湖羊的不同，包括品种的特点，适应性要求……还有，赤峰北部山区和大兴安岭的关系，南部山区和燕山的关系，日照时间长度，无霜期的天数，敖汉小米和巴林左旗的毛毛谷小米各具什么特点，宁城的梨子为什么在北京市场 广受欢迎，科尔沁沙地为什么要修一条穿沙公路……<br /> <br /> <br /> 冯树鑫的讲述让我的脑海浮动起这个词组——扶贫辞典。一片九万余平方公里的大地，已然被植入了这本辞典，也植入了这个人的生命，这不仅是一种牢不可破的记忆，更是日益成长的情怀，或者说，他已经习惯了用一个数字挂怀一群人的冷暖，用一种理念修改捉襟见肘的往事，这一切他能够脱口而出，自然如一个人的呼吸和气质，当然，我们也可以视之为职责的硕果。冯树鑫用简短精准的语言，讲述了赤峰市扶贫的历程和成就，正如我的想象，这棵树的主干和枝干，已经高大茁壮，而枝头上累累的果实和花叶，已经无需细说，当我在赤峰的十二个旗县区行走之际，脱贫攻坚成果已经装满了我的视野。各级党委政府通过扶贫办，在中国大地之上，栽下了一株株希望的树苗，冯树鑫就是红山脚下的一个日以继夜的守林人。此时，冯树鑫高高举起的手掌，正是一个美好的譬喻，赤峰扶贫之树生机勃勃，与未来的社会主义新农村振兴一起迎来无限春光。 <br /> <br /> <br /> 现在轮到我发问了。据我所知，全国目前有七个国家扶贫改革试验区，西部只有赤峰一个，我很想知道国务院批准赤峰国家扶贫改革试验区的背景，也想知道，赤峰下一步推进试验区工作中的思路。 <br /> 冯树鑫的话仍然简捷精准。他说，过去国家批准的六个扶贫改革试验区，为全国提供了模式和样板，是非常成功的。 赤峰能够成为国家扶贫改革试验区，一是赤峰扶贫规模较大，二是国家和自治区对赤峰这几年扶贫工作给予肯定，这对我们来说，是鼓励也是鞭策。我们考虑到脱贫攻坚阶段性胜利以后，国家对贫困地区的支持将会有新的变化，资金和人力不可能总是这样集中投入，工作队也不可能长期驻村。那么如何巩固脱贫攻坚的的成果，使其永续发展，就是一个新课题。我们市委、政府向国务院扶贫办上报的五年规划，围绕着巩固脱贫攻坚成果、创新扶贫架构新模式、建立确保贫困人口脱贫后永不返贫、总结脱贫攻坚经验向下一步乡村振兴过渡，建立返贫保障基金，使用保险检测途经掌握返贫迹象及时跟踪扶助，调剂出一千多个乡镇事业编制，用于嘎查村，实施乡编村用，将有培养前途的大学生，先派到村里锻炼，放下去，再提上来，形成人才良性循环机制等课题，形成了具体实施方案。<br /> <br /> <br /> 接着，我把自己采访中一直忧虑的两个问题一并提出来，请教冯主任。我说的直接，甚至有点尖锐。第一，赤峰境内水资源紧张，很多河流面临干涸，地下水的保有量不容乐观，现在设施农业铺满大地，工业用水，生活用水，体量超大，未来怎么办？冯主任似乎有点意外，却是从容不迫：“绿水青山就是金山银山，生态保护必然带来水资源情况的好转，保护水资源，发展节水农业已经是刻不容缓。”<br /> 我的第二个问题是，现在年轻人都纷纷离开农村，我看到的贫困户，大多是中老年人，他们脱贫了，但是二十年之后农村怎么办？ 冯主任的回答是：“乡村振兴了，年轻人就有了用武之地，还愁没人回来？”显然，这个坚守在扶贫发展第一线的操盘手，每天思考的不仅仅是今天，他抗在肩上的还有沉甸甸的美丽明天。<br /> <br /> <br /> 第三个问题——赤峰扶贫发展工作屡创佳绩，硕果累累，好政策大背景是关键，人的因素也很关键，赤峰的干部群众做事锲而不舍，其文化底蕴是什么？冯主任也是寥寥几句话，就说到了点子上：“游牧文化和农耕文化在这里汇集融合，形成了带有合金品质的移民文化，显示出攻坚克难，互相竞争的文化习性。”<br /> 我提出了最后一个问题——能告诉我，你个人在在这项伟大的扶贫工程中具体发挥了什么作用吗？<br /> 冯树鑫主任说，我呀，我只是做了应该做的一点事儿，就不用写了。<br /> 后来，在诸多工作总结和新闻报道材料种，我找到了冯主任尽职尽责的足迹。<br /> <br /> <br /> 冯主任作为全市脱贫攻坚指挥部的“参谋长”，胸中有全局，持之以恒地把扶贫政策融入自己时刻的思考和追求，也努力让自己对当地的地理人文历史了然于心，为全方位熟悉工作，他率团先后到四川、贵州、甘肃、山东等地学习先进经验，也走遍了全市八百七十一个建档立卡贫困嘎查村，以多种方法，提升自己，面向基层，贴近实际，让自己立于新时代潮头，拥有新思维，不断推出新创意。他积极引导各旗县探索园区化产业扶贫模式，形成了“扶贫产业园区化、规模化，扶贫对象合作化、组织化，扶贫资金资本化、权益化，他先后在全市探索了产业园区扶贫模式、金融扶贫模式、易地扶贫搬迁+扶贫模式等一系列创新做法，成为全自治区扶贫工作创新的样板，也为赤峰市成为国家在西部地区设立的首个扶贫改革试验区，发挥了不可替代的作用。 <br /> <br /> <br /> 新时代的领导干部是一种智慧型的劳动者，可上大雅之堂，可下田野乡村，而基层的扶贫办主任应该是个怎样的角色呢？我理解，他不必一身泥土，不必两手老茧 ，但是一定要有一脑袋现代思维，一腔子爱民之情，一股子永不退怯的奋斗精神，还要有一以贯之的学习钻研精神，他是政府的智囊，老百姓的亲人，社会各界召集人，如今当赤峰乡村振兴的蓝图在眼前打开，作为扶贫办主任冯树鑫第一个执笔，第一个操盘，他日以继夜，目不转睛，大脑飞转 ……<br /> <br /> == Part 17 ==<br /> <br /> 西沟村的郝彦波<br /> 内蒙古赤峰市喀喇沁旗地处燕山山脉和大兴安岭山脉之间的丘陵草原，春季风大干燥，夏季多雨高温，适合种植沙参、黄芪、防风、桔梗等中草药。这里有个西沟村，出了个淇艺机械有限责任公司，已经成为国内中草药种植机械产业脱贫的领衔企业。<br /> 淇艺的老板叫郝彦波。三十六七岁，个子不高，身子略显单薄。外貌别无特殊，唯两只不大的眼睛炯炯有神。<br /> 说起扶贫的事情，他说没别的，就靠机器。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 一<br /> <br /> 眼前是一片药田。九月，到了收获的时候，防风的秧子绿着，却蔫倒了；沙参的秧子枯黄，即将化为泥土的一部分。季节不等人，种植的药材不及时挖出来，根茎就会变黑腐烂。父母眼巴巴盼了二年的收益，就会鸡飞蛋打。药田是自己家的，也就两亩地大小。<br /> 郝彦波把肩头的五齿叉子放下来，在药秧根部附近插下去。<br /> 原来挖药这事儿，并不好玩。土地坚硬，沙参的根茎扎在地里六十五公分，他一只脚踩下去，叉子只入土二十公分，他两只脚上踩去，倾尽整个身子的重力，又使劲顿了顿，六十五公的叉子深入土层；土又沉又硬，他憋了个大红脸，才算把叉子撅出来。就这样，一叉子挖掘出几根药茎，他义无反顾地挖掘了一整天，直到最后一丝残阳消失，手上的水泡磨破出血，汗水和泥土把脸涂成了黑盔，仅挖完了不足一分地。他直起身来一看，暮色中，这药田怎么这么大呀，何年何月才能挖到头啊。<br /> <br /> <br /> 那一年郝彦波十七岁，高中还没毕业。他是西沟村一个农民的独生子，从小生得单薄，个头也矮，在人堆里不算打眼。虽然家里缺衣少食，但郝彦波不缺爱，父母把他当做掌中之宝，但凡他提出一点要求，父母再难也要变着法地满足他。四五岁的时候，父亲就看出来一些端倪了，这孩子看电视上的变形金刚，两眼直直的，给他个粘豆包都不动；后来大一点儿，他就把家里好好的座钟给拆了，父亲进了屋，儿子连头都没抬，他坐在屋地上，裤子沾满尘土，旁边是按照顺序摆放的座钟零件，时针、秒针、发条、齿轮、钟摆，他全神贯注，抻着小脖子，要把拆散架子的钟，重新装好，可是怎么使劲也装不起来…… 父亲拍拍他的脑袋，一句责怪都没有。父亲认为儿子念书好，门门功课都不差，跟他从小喜欢动手动脑有关。<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 上了中学，郝彦波被推选参加全市的数学竞赛，到了赤峰考场，他早早答完了题，看到有些小错误，也不改，交了卷子，就忙三迭四地退场，去看城建工地的大塔吊了。不过他最后的成绩还不错。父亲在村委会门前很谦虚地告诉村干部——一般一般，赤峰第三。<br /> 考学！儿子一定行！和千千万万个农村孩子的爹娘一样，他们认准了考学是后代摆脱贫困的唯一途径。父亲收废品，母亲打零工，省吃俭用，今天二十一元，明天十五块五角，把挣到的钱，一点点地往银行存。聪明的儿子给了他们盼头，当爹妈的半夜醒来想想就乐。<br /> 就在这时候的某一天，郝彦波的堂哥死了。那是一个身强力壮的小伙子，每天在地里中挖药，喀喇沁的秋天寒风刺骨，他总是累得一身大汗，于是光着膀子干，不一会儿就渴得嗓子冒火了，捧起身边的凉水就喝，抓起个凉馒头就吃，结果伤了肺，送到医院，人已经没了气息。<br /> <br /> <br /> 郝彦波放学回家，把书包往炕上一推，说，我不想念了，我得回家帮你们干活。<br /> 父亲说——你、你不是想当工程师吗？<br /> 父亲窝火，却舍不得说儿子一句。<br /> 母亲傻了。她说，儿啊，力气活儿你打小就没干过，不是逞能的事儿。 <br /> 郝彦波不吱声。<br /> 父母沉默一夜，第二天一早，把药叉子递到了儿子手中。他们觉得，让儿子体验体验也好，他知道了脸朝黄土背朝天的劳作是啥滋味，就会把手里的药叉子一丢，重新背上书包回学校。<br /> 没想到，儿子把手藏在手套里，不给父母看。他每天照常挖药，还抽空到舅舅的拖拉机跟前转来转去，晚上也不睡觉，点灯熬油地画一张图。地里的药材还没有挖完，郝彦波手里的自动挖药机草图已经改了好几遍。<br /> <br /> <br /> 其实郝彦波在挖药的第一天，就萌生了发明个机器的想法——可不能再出第二个堂兄了，为什么喀喇沁四十年的种药史就不能改一改呢？他把手里的图纸，在父母面前展开，说不采用机械化，咱们十里八乡种药材的农民，永远熬不出头。我做一台挖药机，给你们看看中不中？<br /> 父亲领他到废品收购站，收寻回一堆旧机械零件，旧焊条，他说爹也就这点能力了。母亲没说啥，翻箱倒柜，拿出了家里仅有的二百多元钱，接过了儿子手里的药叉子。年幼的郝彦波满心都是梦想中的机器，并没有发现母亲眼中隐隐的泪水。<br /> 郝家的院子响起了金属的撞击声，村里的二婶儿三叔七姑四舅过来看热闹，他们一出了院，就开始七嘴八舌——这孩子，真是不知天多高地多厚，你个毛孩子能发明挖药机，赤峰城里的那些能人还活不活了？这两口子太惯孩子，非惯出个败家子不可……<br /> <br /> <br /> 闲言碎语一说就是十四年。从最初设计出第一台样机，到建立工厂成批量生产，到工厂的系列产品在国内和俄罗斯被广泛使用，再到淇艺挖药机产业成为中药种植领域的龙头企业，郝彦波苦苦学习了十四年，整整奋斗了十四年。<br /> 要把这个图纸上的机器制造出来，并且付诸试验，需要钱，用以交电费、买材料、买工具、更重要的是要买专业书。从机械动力原理，到设计图纸绘制，郝彦波是先下海，后学游泳。他还需一台拖拉机，用来牵引挖药机，在药田里走动作业。钱不好借，亲戚朋友认为拿出去的钱等于打水漂。母亲给人家陪着笑脸，二十三十地借一点，然后细细地花在刀刃上，她也是心里不落底，生怕拉下饥荒。拖拉机，大舅的家里有一台，大舅喜欢机械，也喜欢这个爱鼓捣机械的外甥。可是姥爷不准许，郝彦波央求了几次，姥爷说你给你大舅鼓捣坏了，谁花钱修？郝彦波至今未抱怨过姥爷，他懂那种家家缺钱的生活。好在不久姥爷外出，大舅立马把拖拉机给郝彦波开来了，还带来了一台电焊机。<br /> <br /> <br /> 年轻的郝彦波，洗干净头脸，换上了母亲洗干净的体恤衫，高兴得像花儿遇到春风，那一刻真的没想什么天多高地多厚，他的眼睛里只有一幅画——家家户户的地里都有挖药机在工作，那些长着须毛的沙参和黄芪，从土里露出白生生的根茎，就像胖娃娃从梦中醒来，打个滚儿，跳进了柳条筐，一筐筐的药材上了汽车，摇身一变，就变成一件暖蓬蓬的羽绒服、一条大红色的羊毛围巾，变成一座瓦房铁栅的院落，门前有一辆簇新的摩托，门旁有一大片猪舍鸡圈，猪探出肥肥的头，鸡脚下是一颗颗洁白的蛋，这是他的梦，梦中有给父母的礼物，有自己未来的家，有美丽的西沟村……二婶三叔七姑四舅你们闭嘴吧，我的美梦即将成真，新闻发布会就要开始了！<br /> <br /> <br /> 然而，没有哪匹马能一步跨过大草原，现实就是这么不给面子。在自家的药田里，郝彦波的处女作开始操作，挖药的叉子插入了泥土，第一次，挖出了几棵断根的药材，到了第二下，机器发出了异样的响声，接着，力臂失控，车身散架，这个完全没有参照物，全凭一个青年人的想象力设计、使用废铜烂铁制造的器物，在众目睽睽之下倒了下去。<br /> 失败难道就不是财富吗？此后，郝彦波废寝忘食，在失败中寻找成功的因子。这台雏鸟般的机器，幼稚的地方太多，他一丝不苟，一一打磨，慢慢地找到了主要矛盾——液压油缸不过关，他换材料，换油封，经过上百次试验，改进了液压油缸的结构性能，就这样跌倒了爬起来，爬起来再前行，到了2005年，郝彦波的挖药机终于研制成功，并获得国家知识产权局授予的知识产权专利。<br /> 故事到了这里，不是结尾而是开始。<br /> <br /> <br /> 在市场经济的背景下，你手攥着宝贝，却不能进入市场，就像空对着一只没有帆的船。家贫如洗的郝彦波，在院子里久久地坐着，天上的小雨什么时候下的，他不知道，母亲叫了几次，他也不想去吃饭。机器的性能可以了，下一步该如何批量生产、推广使用呢？钱钱钱，又是钱，郝彦波需要很多钱。<br /> 别无他路可走，郝彦波把研制成功的挖药机放在仓房里，向亲戚借了三百块钱，出发了。他要到城市里去打工，挣钱，养家，然后把梦想进行到底。西沟村离赤峰四十公里左右，他是骑着一辆旧自行车去的。一路上他默默祈祷，愿这是自己和父母的人生中，最后一次借钱。<br /> 他需要找一个住的地方，需要填饱肚子，还需要尽快找到工作，找一个工资高，又能学到本事的工作。他走遍了当时赤峰市内的二十多个职业中介，兜里的三百元钱，就像手掌上的一块冰，分分秒秒在缩小。<br /> 他小心翼翼地问中介经理，有没有工资高一点的工作。中介经理一伸手，有，中介费五十元。他的手在兜里把几张钞票攥出了汗，舍不得拿出来，中介经理便把他当做了空气，视而不见。他第二天又来到中介，坐在中介经理面对面搭讪，结果又当了一天空气。第三天，他还来，往前凑了凑，经理烦了，他依旧陪着笑脸。<br /> 他说，到底哪里招工？经理说，中介费。他说，我就问问干啥活还不行吗？<br /> 经理说不行。他说我不问清楚干什么活儿，交了钱干不了怎么办？<br /> 经理说，你真磨叽。就是电焊工。<br /> 郝彦波心里一喜，忙稳稳神，作失望状说，电焊，技术活，干不了。抬脚走人。<br /> 他在又小又冷的出租屋里，把一本厚厚的赤峰黄页，早已翻得烂熟。他知道整个赤峰，只有三家电焊厂。<br /> 他来到邮电局，花了不到一块钱。分别给这三家电焊厂打了电话。其中最大的一家，正在招电焊工。工资800元到3000元，真是太诱人了。<br /> 厂里的老总和副总一起面试。郝彦波不敢夸大自己的电焊技术，他说自己在家里焊过一般的小机器，没敢说也就焊过一台挖药机。老总脸绷着，说我们不收学徒。副总倒是和颜悦色，他说，小伙子找个小厂子练几年再来吧。郝彦波说，我不要工资，也不吃厂里的伙食还不行吗？两位老总摆摆手，把郝彦波扔在了接待室里。<br /> <br /> 临走，郝彦波拿了副总的一张名片。第二天他给那位副总打电话——我没别的优点，就是认学，我觉得到你们企业很正规，有前途，我不要工资，只要个机会，领导就给年轻人的上进心一点厚爱吧……<br /> 副总说……那你就来试试吧，是郝彦波的最后一句话让他动了恻隐之心。<br /> 这家电焊厂主要生产变压器，订单多得做不过来。电焊车间有五个技工，干了十八年了，技术水平相当可以，他们抱团取利，平分项目工资。对于郝彦波，他们一开始没当回事，用赤峰话说，这孩子你是不是有点潮？分文不取你图个啥呢，学徒？没师傅十八年你也学不成。<br /> 时间过去了两个月，他们发现这手快脚勤，闷声不语的小伙子不可小觑。因为他交出的零活小活儿，十分像样，结结实实，板板正正，不亚于成手的水平。<br /> 只有郝彦波自己知道，这两个月自己是怎么过来的。白天，师傅们干活不许他掺和，他在一边干点零活，远远地偷艺，到了午休和下班之后，他就拿起焊钳，捡来些下脚料，分秒必争地苦练。至于吃饭，他就是两个馒头，一杯白开水，盒饭是买不起的，包子是当节日大餐来享受的。<br /> 郝彦波特想请教请教这五个师傅，自己不抽烟，买了盒烟给师傅点着，被师傅们一横胳膊拨拉开了；他说师傅们赏个面子喝顿小酒吧，师傅们连头都没抬。<br /> 只要有恒心，铁杵磨成针，机会总是属于有准备的人，这话果然不假。三个月以后，郝彦波，靠远观勤练，可以独立完成小型变压器的焊接组装了！他焊好的机器往那里一摆，美观，牢固，严丝合缝，五个师傅也只能啧啧赞叹。这时候，工厂接到一个大订单，焊接一个2500千瓦的大变压器，相当于一间小房子大，要求工艺水平高，要求时间快。五个师傅和老板谈工资，没谈拢，撂挑子不干了。<br /> 空空荡荡的车间只剩了一个瘦瘦小小的郝彦波在干活儿。老板来了，没有认出来他是谁，盯着看他操作，又用挑剔的眼光检查了他做出的成品。好半天，老板说，给你找几个工人，你带着他们把大变压器拿下来中不？郝彦波一听有点不相信自己的耳朵，镇定一下，他老老实实地回答老板，小的中，大的没干过，但是我一定要干好，说什么也不能影响公司声誉。<br /> <br /> <br /> 老总果然目光如炬，又想到这个年轻人做事能为公司考虑 ，便给了郝彦波每月八百元的工资和几个帮手，把任务派给了他。郝彦波也是拼了，起五更爬半夜，把每天的生产流程设计到分秒精准，把人力调配到最合理，检查质量，一个焊接缝，牙签那么宽的误差也逃不过他的眼睛，最终如期优质完成任务。这时，郝彦波的焊接水平已经远远超过了那五个干了十八年的师傅，并且在制图设计和技术管理上可以独当一面了。他的工资因此三级跳，达到每月五千元。被聘为车间主任之后，老总交由他来统筹车间的薪酬分配。最高的时候，他手下的技工，每月得到八千五百元的工资。<br /> 一转眼要过年了，他给母亲打电话，说妈我要回家了，你想吃什么，需要点什么，我给你买回去。母亲说，快别介孩子，咱们家用钱的地方多着呢。郝彦波说，我一个月挣快五千了呢，不差这点钱。他没敢说八千多，她怕母亲不相信。<br /> 母亲说，儿子，真的？<br /> 儿子说，妈，真的。<br /> 电话里传来了母亲掩抑着的啜泣，她强说出一句话，儿子啊，有个好工作可不容易，可要好好把握这个机会啊，话里透漏出一丝担心。<br /> 知儿莫如母。2007年，在打工生活顺风顺水的时候，郝彦波以家里搬迁为理由，向老总请了长假，怀揣着积攒下来的不足八万块钱，回到了西沟村。他跟父母说，厂里的工作每天都一样，我要干点每天都有新意的事儿。父亲拿出钥匙，打开房门，他回到了梦中的挖药机跟前。<br /> 挖药机在库房里搁置了二年，但是在郝彦波的脑子里，一天都没有搁置，即使在打工最劳累的时刻，他只要一闲下来，就会不由自主地琢磨起挖药机的改进。现在，他有钱了，到了第二次冲刺的时候。他买了一台拖拉机，更新了挖药机的设计，制作出一台完整的新型挖药机，到工商局正式注册了机械制造厂。这时候的郝彦波，已经打开视野，学会了研究市场，关注社会需求，他认为，随着人们保健意识的提高，中药的市场需求将会扩大，挖药机的使用，势在必行。他鼓动父母，提前种下十亩药材。他经过测算，批量生产挖药机，尚需四十万左右的资金。一个老同学不怕担风险，要求参与，于是两个人分别贷款，生产出二十台挖药机，准备大干一场。<br /> <br /> <br /> 郝彦波开着拖拉机，在药田里作业，引来了人们的围观，挖药机果然不错，虽说速度和精确度还处于初级阶段，但是一台机器，顶五六个人工那是没有问题了。附近的药农看了之后跃跃欲试，媒体也来凑热闹——中国第一台挖药机诞生了，从此改变中药种植的劳动方式。<br /> 很快，第一个敢于吃螃蟹的人出现了。可是，当客户把花了三万多元钱买来的机器往地里一开，没等挖完半亩地的药材，挖药机就出现了故障，郝彦波赶紧派人修，当时是修理好了，可还没等修机器的师傅回到家，电话又来了，机器又出毛病了。这到底是怎么回事呢？郝彦波整天在客户的药田里琢磨，他发现如果自己亲自操作挖药机，机器会很好用，一旦换个生手，就会故障频频。就这样，好歹挖完了客户地里的药材。这个客户是个厚道的老兄，没有让郝彦波退货，默默把这台挖药机放在场院里，再也没动。<br /> 郝彦波把剩下的十九台挖药机放在自己院子里，不敢再销售了。这时候到了年底，银行的利息将近四万。当时一个人出去打工一年能挣到两万都是多的，就是说，自己和合伙人身上每年两万的利息，他们打工一辈子都还不清。这可怎么办？郝彦波可以回电焊厂继续打工，挣的多一点，最终还上利息，可是这个项目就可能彻底夭折，自己的企业梦也就成了一枕黄粱。出路只有一个，就是继续改进机器，直至完全成功。<br /> 郝彦波开始疯狂地研究机器的改进。技术问题，国内没有同行，求教无门，投资问题，也走进了死胡同，现实瞬间回到了多年前，郝彦波整天在家里边学边干，父母出去给人家的耕地拔草，每天拿回来十块，郝彦波花十块，拿回来二十，郝彦波花二十，一家人，除了吃饭，刮骨熬油一般，节省出一点点钱，支撑着郝彦波最后的信念。<br /> 债务重，压力大，郝彦波的身体每况愈下，终于有一天，昏倒在了机器旁边。到医院一检查，医生说这个年轻人可惜了，得的是绝症，全家人不肯相信，换了一家医院重新检查，结论一样。最可怕的是，家里已经没有给郝彦波吃药的钱了。母亲出去借钱，亲戚朋友的回答，让人心凉——得了这种病，弄不好要人财两空啊……母亲借了一圈，只借到几百元钱。<br /> <br /> <br /> 全家被阴云笼罩。母亲每天在地里干活的时候以泪洗面，回到家中看到儿子，强颜欢笑。郝彦波想，我还这么年轻，难道就这样完了吗？他不甘心，真是不甘心呐！他想不开，暗暗地哭了不知多少回。费用太大，他决定放弃治疗，顺其自然。父亲母亲媳妇和孩子，哭成了一团。<br /> 父亲拆了几台挖药机，把零件当废铜烂铁卖，去给儿子买药。郝彦波隔着窗户，看着父亲伛偻的身躯，心如刀绞。<br /> 医生要求他避免重体力劳动，保持好心情。他一想，对呀，生命不就是一种心情吗，心情好了，每一天都好。他站在深秋的天气里，面对冷冷的太阳，做起了扩胸运动，寒风如霜，他的身体里勃发出一团热能，他告诉自己，你要坚强，你青春的肌体，你昂扬的精神，你每天锲而不舍的大脑，都没有衰竭的迹象，只要不气馁，就没有过不去的火焰山。<br /> 郝彦波每天在家里看孩子，洗衣服，为全家人做饭。说实话，他原本一点都不喜欢这些家务事，此时，却是做得全心全意，兢兢业业，他在最不应该思考生与死的年纪里，体验到了，活着的每一分钟，都值得万分珍惜。他心中最重要的事情，仍然是继续改进挖药机。他每天强迫自己卧床休息几个钟头，待有了一点精神，再埋头于图纸上、机器上，一干几个小时，他就这样用一张一弛的方式和死神赛跑。许多年后，他对记者说——我当时想，看不到我的挖药机在一家家的药田开着，后面有一堆堆白生生的药材，让药农们在一旁竖着大拇指，我就是闭上了眼睛也得睁开看啊。<br /> 母亲说，儿啊，你不要命了吗？<br /> 儿子说，娘啊，你放心吧，儿子不仅要命，还要成事儿，还要让家里过上富裕的日子。你养育了儿子一辈子，吃了多少苦，儿子还没回报呢，怎么能丢下你呢。你不是说想去乌兰布统看草原吗，还想去北戴河看看海吗，儿子还要陪着你去呢，咱们坐火车，坐飞机，把梦想变成真事儿。<br /> 母亲说，那些个，我都不想了，只要我儿子好起来，咱们把饥荒还清，我每天心里不总是沉沉的，就是知足了。<br /> 心静自然少忧烦。郝彦波想开了，心火就退下去了，他不急不躁，每天敲敲打打，铣铣锯锯，把挖药机的每一个构、零件重新研究一遍，还专门请了一个朋友开着挖药机，在各种不同的地里做破坏性试验，终于找到了机器故障的结症。原来是一些构件和零件用料质量较低，一些局部的配置不够精确，而机器的总体设计没有根本性问题。<br /> <br /> <br /> 从一个个坏消息里，病中的郝彦波汲取到了正能量。<br /> 时间验证了郝彦波的眼光，当初让父母种下十亩中药材是对了，2010年中药材行情大涨。郝彦波也彻底解决了挖药机设计制造方面的问题，便操作机器在自己家的药田里工作。连续两年，他们家种药收入达到二十余万元，也让先前拒绝使用挖药机的乡亲们蜂拥而来，一时间买光了郝彦波的所有存货。从此小小西沟村洛阳纸贵，郝彦波的挖药机火了！一家忙得不亦乐乎，老人和媳妇忙着打磨、喷漆、上螺丝，郝彦波全力以赴，组织技术人才，扩大生产规模，引进先进设备，研制换代产品，陆续开发出深松（土）机、药材播种机、苗床起垄机、药材移栽机、挖药收获机、药材清洗机、药材烘干机等产品，为中药种植行业提供了一条龙机械。现在，郝彦波的中药种植机械，已经在内蒙古、吉林、辽宁、山东、山西、河北、四川、黑龙江、甘肃、新疆被广泛使用，在俄罗斯和哈萨克斯坦也有了长期用户。可以这样说，自从郝彦波的挖药机率先走上市场，人工种植中药的历史渐渐一去不复返了。<br /> 这回郝彦波可是真的富了。看着父母脸上的笑容，看着每年以百分之三十速度递增的产值，他的自豪感、成就感瞬间布满心头。但是，经过十五年创业打拼的郝彦波，这样说——假如一个富人看不到身边的贫困，那他就不是真正富有的人，富人应该是 大海里的一滴水，存在于所有人的富裕里，没有大海就等于没有你。<br /> 他先给家乡算了一笔账。目前喀喇沁旗还有三十万亩山坡干旱土地没有很好利用，如果种上中药材，按每亩最低收益一千元，就是三亿元，当地百姓足以富起来；第二笔账是目前国内有六千万亩的中草药种植基地，需要二十万台挖药机，自己可以提供其中的百分之十以上。那么，自己出售机器的收入，可以投资家乡三十万亩山坡干旱地的流转开发。<br /> 他建立了一个中药产业示范园，流转贫困户的土地，引进国内为先进经验，种植中草药，成立了中药机械作业团队，租用贫困户的挖药机，组织贫困户劳动力到示范区劳动，一举三得，让贫困户从土地租金，机器租金，人工劳动三方面获得收益，摘掉贫困户帽子。<br /> 郝彦波说他下一步的梦想，一个在窗外辽阔的原野上，他已经公开了中药产业机械的专利，正在把产业园区的种植经验推向全国的同行；另一个在企业的实验室里，他要一改目前模仿人工的机械模式，引入电子化，智能化，让机器人入场，成为中药机械产业的新龙头。<br /> 三十六岁的郝彦波那明亮的眼睛里充满愿景。<br /> <br /> == Part 18 ==<br /> <br /> 走进林保森的某一天<br /> <br /> 　林保森是我在赤峰见到的第一个脱贫攻坚工作队驻村第一书记。<br /> 在此之前两天，我错过了赤峰市扶贫办举办的驻村第一书记讲演比赛。赤峰市扶贫办政策法规科科长杨明霞细心又热情，让我一下飞机就得到了这批讲演材料。林保森的讲演材料题目为《从一箩筐到新一箩筐——我的驻村故事》，咦，挺有意思，这两个箩筐里装着些怎样的故事呢？我迫不及待地读起来，原来，箩筐就是他的驻村日记，“一箩筐”里记录的是这位第一书记驻村伊始遇到的种种人和事，像一双惊讶的眼睛；而“新一箩筐”里保存的是他投入地为村民百姓排忧解难的过程和细节，充满了喜悦和信心。<br /> 　恰好，我采访的第一站就是阿鲁科尔沁旗，高家段村是阿鲁科尔沁旗先锋乡的一个村，林保森就在这里当第一书记。<br /> 　“这个村子养殖业以黑驴为主导，一般户饲养驴不到十头，也有人家养了七八十头驴，高家段已经成立了养驴合作社，申请了产业扶贫养殖棚圈项目。在种植方面，以旱地种植为主， 这里的土地，缺水，干旱。高家段村由高家段、西靠山、马家段、新太平四个自然村组成，写在户口本上的人口1713人，实际上只有252户502人，其中年龄在三十岁以下的有6户，四十岁偏上的人家有20户， 五十到七十岁的人家占百分之七十以上。这个村绝大部分年轻人都离开了这里，有出去打工的，做小买卖的，上学的，上学毕业不再返乡的，他们留在村里的父母，多为经济窘迫，劳动能力渐弱，身体伤病，成了五保户、低保户、贫困户。”《一箩筐 2018年6月6日》<br /> <br /> <br /> 林保森是教师出身，下派之前在旗应急管理局工作。原本林保森已经被派到查干浩特嘎查任驻嘎查第一书记。查干恰浩特在阿鲁科尔沁旗的东南部牧区，是个蒙古民族居多、农耕和牧业并重的地方。他 5月6日正式入村，第一个任务就是走门串户，迅速掌握了嘎查各贫困户的情况，尽管语言交流有一定困难，但是在嘎查干部的帮助下，他已经了解了每个贫困户的情况，哪家的病人每月三次透析，哪家的什么人得了动脉肿瘤，哪家为孤寡老人，哪家有残疾人等等，唯一的困难是语言交流障碍。<br /> “……开见面会，我很客气地讲了一点对驻村工作的认识，希望得到大家的支持。大家热烈鼓掌，让我感到很亲切。接着嘎查书记讲起了蒙语，大家又热烈鼓掌。我问书记，你说了什么？书记告诉我，我把你讲的翻译了一遍……看来蒙古族老乡，给足了我面子。<br /> 支委换届大会，第四项议程安排我宣读选举方案。我学会了用蒙语数数，知道“四”蒙语为“图鲁布”，就细心的听着，心想听到这个“图鲁布”，就该我宣读方案了。可是，一直也没听到这个“图鲁布”。这时候，会场突然安静下来了，所有眼睛都盯住了我，我还愣在一边，书记悄悄用汉语告诉我--该你宣读了。没有任何人笑我，大家都在呵护着我，帮助着我。在查干浩特嘎查虽然只有一个月的时间，有了大家的帮助，语言障碍已经不是太大问题了，我已经着手调研嘎查农田旱地改水浇地、个人浇地、堵路、危房鉴定等方面的问题，已经把扶贫项目库的具体项目，向贫困户做了讲解，让人高兴的是订购的一套阿迪老师编写的蒙语教材，今天也送来了……”《一箩筐 2018 5月17日》<br /> “按镇长要求，填报了灾害致贫统计表。顺便了解到两个自然村的旱地状况……查干浩特有2000亩旱地，在二十八户农户手中，因为全部集中在集通铁路北侧，如果旱改水需要将南部的井水引到铁路北侧，审批非常困难，也可以在北部重新打井拉电，投入较大)，需要费用二十万。如果此项目实施，群众要求多年的用水难问题可以解决。此问题，下一步要深入调研，拿出解决方案。”<br /> <br /> <br /> “有位农户来到村部，找嘎查书记理论，原因是一个牧户把位于庙东南的四百六十亩地给卖了，而且昨天就按户把钱分了。农户十分激动，我便把他劝到西屋单独了解情况。原来，当年分地时，农民分到的是五百五十亩山地，牧民分到的是四百六十亩草场，当时要求草场不得改变性质做耕地，当年的村干部是牧户，所以把农民的五百五十亩的土地补贴均分给包括牧户在内的全体村民，现在牧户卖地的收入却没有农户的份儿。”<br /> “农户说昨天卖的四百六十亩地，没有绿本，是集体的，应有农户的份儿，牧民说这四百六十亩是当年用五百五十亩旱地换的，已经十几年了，如果再这样要求，农民就应该把那五百五十亩地换回来，还说绿本仍在牧民手里。<br /> 原来在机关工作，从来没有接触过这样尖锐又复杂的民生问题。看来现实总是带着历史痕迹，而现实当中最难解决的莫过于历史留下的纠葛。既然已经在第一书记的岗位上了，就必须面对这些难题，了解情况，广泛听取意见是基础，用政策作为准绳是关键。看来农村不仅是广阔天地，还是我们这些青年干部的大课堂……<br /> 嘎查小组长说：不确权不能申请出售，如果确权可以先申报。<br /> 村民代表说：有规定按规定执行，没有规定，可以经村民三分之二同意，否则第三方不敢测绘，乡政府不能发证……<br /> 每天都能学到新知识，每天都会遇到新问题。”《一箩筐2018年5月27日》<br /> 这一个月，每一天都充实地忙碌着，林保森由浅入深，由易到难，开始着手帮助贫困户解决各种问题。<br /> “下午，乌仁琪琪格申请给她儿子办低保的事情终于可得以确认，这样她们家就可以享受各种政策了。想来这事儿，一开始自己不了解政策，于是认真学习，按照政策反复测评，直到获得如此好的结果，甚慰。 ”《一箩筐2018年5月4日》<br /> “通过查阅档案核实，嘎查享受雨露计划的只有永青女儿一人，布仁巴图的儿子在北京读大学，经向绍根镇政府扶贫办副主任牡丹大姐请教得知，在大学里享受了国家助学贷款，就不能享受雨露计划，而永青女儿就读的中专，没有享受国家助学贷款，就可以享受雨露计划扶助。又弄明白一件事。”《一箩筐5月29日》<br /> <br /> <br /> 就在林保森全身心投入查干浩特嘎查的扶贫攻坚工作的时候，一道命令，把他调到高家段村来了。林保森认为，一个青年人，能够赶上脱贫攻坚这个人类历史上的宏大工程，无论在哪个位置上做一粒棋子，无疑都是终身难以忘记的淬火历练，而最终在生命里留下的不仅是记忆，还有成长和成熟。二话没说，他打起背包就出发，路过家门而不入，直接就来到了高家段。当时，高家段上届村两委已经到了换届的时候，全村上下正在酝酿着新班子的选举，也酝酿着一次人际关系的较量。<br /> “路遇村民尤桂生，他快六十了。他知道我是第一书记之后，劝我别在这个村做第一书记了，给我说了几句顺口溜——宁走阎王殿，不走高家段，马家段，來歹沟。”他是退伍军人，也是五保户，听说一直在上访告状，不知何因，他还告诉我现在身体不好，好了要告到底。自己只有安稳地听着，我知道自己在读一本书，这算个开头。” <br /> “村委会换届选举大会会场上，突然出现四个人，一问，不是来参加投票的，他们拿着手机在会场上一通拍照，扬言不公平就告……还说有村中城市户口的夫妇二人也参加了选举，真实情况是该夫妇二人经查实确实参加了选举，还被落选者告发到了乡政府，乡政府按规定重新测算了选票数，没有改变选举结果。后听人说：这是有人为了在落选后证明选举不合理，故意把该夫妇二人找来参选的)<br /> “选举之后，有落选者来电约我唠唠，我说来办公室吧，他说要我去他家，我就去了。到他家一看，已经来了三个村民，在等我，他们向我反映了很多村中以往的问题，例如道路问题，自来水问题，他还提出要承包自来水工程，分文不收，但只能供给西联组百姓，不许高家段共用。谈话中，他们总是让我表态，我没有表态，考虑必须要有全局思维，不能只听一面之词。这时候，我发现茶几的边角处，藏着一支录音笔，心里顿时奔跑起来十万只骆驼……”<br /> <br /> <br /> “召开党员会议，了解情况，发现一位高龄的老党员，叫姜海山，对于村里的情况十分了解，看问题也是十分客观。后来跟村委打听，才知道这位是姜海山大爷，老党员，九十多岁了，真不像啊，他老人家腰板挺直，头脑清楚，身体健康，全村人都十分敬重他。在关于危房改造的文件已下达后，他和儿媳妇出现在我们的办公室里，很客气地要求解决住房问题。他住在儿子家里，孙子要结婚，我估计是儿媳妇的主意。于是答应协调民政方面了解情况，并亲自将老爷子送回家。”<br /> 一个新来乍到的年轻的第一书记，面对扑面而来的种种问题，真的有点不知所措了，林保森有一段时间是沉默的，遇到事情轻易不敢表态，一时间看似有点灰头土脸，其实他的两脚一刻也没有停下来，每天在贫困户的场院里、屋里走来走去，他的大脑每时每刻都在高速运转着。宁走阎王殿，不走高家段？为什么这里矛盾四起，为什么在这里落实点事情总是一波三折？<br /> 　沉下去，沉到民情民意的深处，沉到村民百姓的生活的深处，希望的起点处，林保森在努力寻找一把钥匙。在他的驻村手记里，记录了一些这样的小故事。<br /> 　自从那天姜海山大爷到村委会提出改善住房的要求以后，他和他的家人便再也没有出现过。为什么和其它村民一而再、再而三地索要不一样呢？林保森问了村委会，得知这老爷子曾经当过二十七年的大队党支部书记，退下来这么多年，没有因为任何个人的事情找过村里，他经常说的一句话就是“别给公家添麻烦”。农村这些年发生了翻天覆地的变化，土地承包以后，乡村的生活，已经以个体为单位，公家这个概念，弱到了极点，在村民的心思里，公家就是给予，就是承担，没有麻烦的时候公家就像远山一样和自己无关，没有谁把公家放在心上来呵护。<br /> 别给公家添麻烦——这是姜海山老爷子内心世界的自然流露。“别给公家添麻烦”似乎就是一条通道，连着一个年轻党员和一位近七十年党龄的老党员，林保森要沿着这个通道，去追溯力量和勇气。<br /> 　姜海山老爷子住在二儿子家。二儿子家的房子的确并不宽敞。对面屋，老爷子占一间，儿子儿媳占一间，中间是吃饭和做饭的地方。正如姜海山老爷子的儿媳所说，如果姜海山老爷子的孙子结婚回来，真的就没有地方住了。二儿媳妇在这件事上比较用心，当初林保森入村的第二天，早上四五点钟，就有两个老太太不请自来，要求解决房子问题，其中就有她。老爷子可能开始比较无奈，最终表态反对继续要，老爷子发了话，儿子儿媳妇也就偃旗息鼓了。<br /> 　九十三岁的姜海山老爷子，1948年参加中国人民解放军，参加了辽沈战役、淮海战役后，随部队到广东、海南剿匪，抗美援朝时期给中国人民志愿军政治部主任杜平当警卫员，194８年在淮海战役中火线入党，转业后两次放弃城市工作，回到农村当大队党支部书记多年，其人言必行，行必果，领着社员们走过了中国农村跌宕起伏的岁月。在他的身上充满了正能量和历史感，几十年下来，村里党支部的三会一课，他从未缺席，党组织倡导的任何事情，他都带头践行。他对于改革开放和脱贫攻坚的坚决拥护，来自于亲生经历的历史，他从不以老军人，老功臣自居，不找，不要，不向国家伸手，至今只享受着普通城镇低保待遇。所以他德高望重，每逢大事时候，姜海山老爷子发话，就像定海神针一样镇得住村里的风吹草动。<br /> 　姜海山老爷子的住房内十分简朴，最引人注目的就是一个黑色的手提包。林保森向姜海山老爷子直诉情怀，道出了心中的烦恼。老爷子没有过多的话，从手提包里拿出一个红色的布包，里面有辽参战役参战纪念章、淮海战役参战纪念章，抗美援朝纪念章，还有一枚三等功军功章，这些宝贵的纪念章，用一块大红色的尼龙布包裹的，这块红布，是当年抗美援朝期间，击落美国飞机时，他从战场上捡到的美军飞行员降落伞的碎片。由此，姜海山老爷子，慢慢向林保森讲述了自己如何在贫苦的生活中寻找到解放军，如何在战场上穿过枪林弹雨，如何在朝鲜吃雪就炒米，如何带领村民开荒种地和干旱搏斗，只为老百姓能过上不挨饿受冻的好日子。姜海山老爷子认为，如今的脱贫攻坚，是当年共产党人理想的继续，是历史遗留下来的未完成的工作。<br /> 　林保森感觉自己在最贴近土地的农舍里听了一堂深刻而充满力量的党课，从此姜海山老爷子成了他学习的榜样，也成了他深深依恋的忘年交。隔一段时间，林保森就会去看看老爷子，和他聊聊天，唠唠村里的大事小情。姜海山老爷子，一直话语不多，但是关键时刻却可以动真章，后来，在全国上下抵抗疫情的时刻，他挺身而出，作为共产党员，甘当自愿者，一个人承包十几户人家的网格化管理，战斗在守护家园的第一线，令人敬仰赞叹。<br /> 　林保森知道自己应该行动了，就像当初姜海山老爷子，1948年在热河老家穿上黄土布军装时那样，心里豪情满满，勇气倍增。<br /> “修井问题是村里多年不能解决的老大难问题，也是两不愁三保障中的硬指标，可总是问一问，答一答，不问便没有了回应，涉及的各方面总是各持一词，都说自己有难处，我也不知道问题到底出在哪里，村上？乡里？施工队？<br /> 我决定抛开各方面自己追办这件事，通知了村上交电费，然后直接联系施工人员，定下具体施工时间，然后跟施工人员从天山镇出发，一路追随，在阿旗'一日游',先后跟到新民乡，巴彦花、乌兰哈达，盯着他们干完每一项工程，领着他们来到高家段，忙碌一上午，终于使得高家段和西联两个自然村试水成功，对于井已经干了的西靠山、新太平两个自然村，只能重新再打一眼井。<br /> 当我回村的时候，在村口遇到了郑力芳老人，他握着我的手一遍遍地说，太感谢你们了，太感谢你们了。”<br /> “四个村整体的自来水工程定标结束， 张福中标，此时自来水施工已经完成，招标的岗位是自来水管理员，因为涉及到刚刚选举结束后各矛盾纠纷，所以很多人想争这个岗位，但最终没敢参与，我向张福那么公开地，大张旗鼓地表达祝贺，其实是代表期待通水的村民表达谢意，也是在公开地挺他 。这时候有个村民突然带着怒气，跑来大骂，一口一句脏话，我替书记阻挡，未成，回头劝村主任离开。这个人见状立刻冲我来了。我知道，他哥哥落选村主任，他心里有怨气。其实他没有什么证据，开口就胡嚷嚷——这事儿不公正，不透明。<br /> 我拿出材料，一一回答他——程序公开透明，村代会通过，中标者已经公示，他混搅，说不知道，我说那你回家问问你媳妇，她参加会了，具体情况她应该是知道得一清二楚的。<br /> 这人不听，反而变本加厉，说你们工作队和两委是一伙儿的，竟摆出要动手的架势。<br /> 实在没有忍住，我也拍案而起：‘村委会不是你撒野的地方，当初老百姓吃不上水的时候，你哪里去了？找不到施工队的时候你哪里去了？我费劲巴力地找来了施工队，你就来闹事儿了，我告诉你，我和你不一样，我是有底线的，如果有什么你说的猫腻，我第一个不让！但是容不得你来捣乱！’没想到这一喊，他立即蔫了……不过，还真不能搞僵关系，对以后开展工作不利，他的身后可能有一个宗亲。后来，我的一个学生家里请客，他哥哥在场，我手拉着手跟他喝酒，酒喝透了，话也说透了，一直把他送回家，他们一族也就不再疏远我们了。” 林保森《一箩筐》。<br /> 交谈中，林保森告诉我，乱麻一团，总有最关键的那几根，找到了拽出来，其它麻团就迎刃而解了。高家段，关键就是因为一个穷字，所以人人在利益上锱铢必较，人人觉得活得不安稳，老百姓拿什么求安稳呢，土地、补助而已。所以每一次有关利益的分配，都可能是导火索，加上村中错综复杂的人际关系起作用，矛盾和冲突，便周而复始，愈演愈烈，自己遇到的，不过是几个小火星。扶贫先扶志，贫穷和愚昧是孪生兄弟，人的精神提升，往往于他本身存在的状况有关。<br /> “除了养驴，高家段村还有什么项目可以致富呢？投入不能太大，尤其要考虑到贫困户的劳动能力可以承受，我找了旗里的科技指导员，检测了村里的土质，得知适合种枣树。便发动爱心人士捐助，买回来一千五百棵枣树苗，每个贫苦户分给十棵，(其他人家每户五棵，长住户家家有份)，让他们在院子里种植。在广播通知以后，大家来取树苗了。所有的人都挑棵大叶多的树苗拿，随手便把小棵的四处乱扔，真不知道该说什么好，心里暗暗生气。一边告诉自己沉住气，一边收拾起被乱扔的小棵树苗，放到土坑里，给晚来的村民保存着，我想到了明年结果的时候，村民们就会发现有苗不愁长，树苗棵大棵小并不影响它们长成满枝硕果的大树，他们也会为今天的行为内疚。要么，在全村枣树都开花的时候，领着大家到各家看看，交流一下栽种枣树的经验，顺便提今天发树苗时一些人的行为，效果比现在直接训斥大家效果好……在村里工作，不能操之过急，不能期望一步迈进新时代。”林保森《一箩筐》。<br /> “贫困户张琢隋海英一家，生活困难到了没有办法坚持下去的程度，一直在为他们想办法， 给隋海英 安排了一个公益扫街岗位，每月收入七百八十元，后来想给他们家落实一个家庭养殖项目，发现投入太大，又探讨种地项目，要种不能种一般作物，那样收入太低，最后，从周边村子引进了种豆角的项目，可以获得相对丰厚的收入。但是隋海英家的地需要浇灌，没有电，拉电，需要贷款。知道隋海英两口子都是踏踏实实过日子的人，不会半途而废，于是通过关系找到农商银行的办公室主任，人家回答说由于种种原因，现在扶贫贷款还没有放，我找了行长，说明了种植季节不等人的情况，得到了特批，我帮着隋海英办了手续，拿到了贷款，又去电力公司，讲好价格，直到看着工人给他家地里安好了浇灌系统，看着他们夫妻种下的豆角一天天出苗结荚，接着又帮助他家吸收村民来摘豆角，这样既帮了他家的忙，又使摘豆角的村民每天有一百二十元的收入。看来种豆角是个值得推广的好选项，今年由于买豆角架竹竿，隋海英两口子到手现金不多，但是明年就好了，一是不用投入竹竿钱了，而是其他人家也要学她家种豆角，村里凑够五十亩，就有烘干厂来地里直接收购，不用费时费钱出去找买主了，想想，我都替他们家高兴……”林保森《新一箩筐》<br /> 　我们在高家段村外的田地边等候到镇里办事的林保森。赤峰的十月下旬，已经下过了几场小雪，蔬菜已经罢园，地里的庄稼进了场院，大地呈现不同层次的暖色调，有一种油画般的美。他来了，个子不高，脸上带着温和微笑，略显腼腆，给人的感觉很随和。恰巧路旁是个贫困户夫妻开的五金及农机应用商店，小铺不大。老板夫妇不认识我们，见了林书记，立马热络起来，我们只得站住脚，听他们和林保森絮叨生意状况。村里人有什么话愿意跟第一书记唠，因为第一书记比较贴心。后来证明我的这个直觉没错。<br /> 进村，我要求到工作队的驻地看看，林保森说，欢迎，就是有点乱。我说看的就是乱。<br /> 扶贫攻坚驻村干部每天有一百元的生活补贴，用于伙食、住房、交通等等，算是基本够用。但是一般情况下，有三件事是花销比较多的，就是来回到旗里开会、东跑西颠为贫困户和村里张罗求助、自掏腰包帮助贫困户。所以驻村工作队的生活是很简朴的。<br /> 高家段驻村工作队租用的是一户村民的旧房，带一个小院套，对面屋，中间部分用现在的话说算是个厅，厅里面被一个塑料拉门隔为厨房。我走进厨房，看到地上有两个大缸，一个装着新积的酸菜，一个装着刚刚腌下的芥菜疙瘩，都装得冒尖满，每个缸上都压着一块大石头。卧室里的炕是新盘的，一摸暖烘烘的。我说，你们还会积酸菜呀？林保森略带自豪地告诉我，我们哪里有这手艺，这都是上礼拜六，乡亲们帮着弄的，一来好几个人，七手八脚就搞定了，炕也是他们找来村里的盘炕老把式帮着重新盘的，老乡说，在外面忙乎一天，晚上睡个热炕，什么病乏都驱走了。<br /> 我说你们人缘不错呀？林保森说，现在好了，老乡们知道咱们是实心实意为他们来的，有感情了。<br /> 在厨房的外面，对面屋的中间，有一张办公桌，上面放着笔记本电脑和一些文具，庄重地摆放着一面国旗，一面党旗，鲜艳夺目，把整个环境都提亮了。这是林保森的第二个办公处。桌子面对的墙上，有一个全村扶贫进度一览表，按着时间和姓名，所有扶贫对象的收入状况，身体状况，亟待解决的问题，皆可以从上面查找到。<br /> 最吸睛是这张图上疏疏密密地的小贴士。哪一家需要解决的问题，都写在小贴士上，用大头针按在这一家的格子里。当我结束采访不久，收到了林保森发来的文件，写明了这些问题最终的办理结果。<br /> 一、高景林与朱荣仓一卡通问题。<br /> 因高景林与朱荣仓二人在系统里错误显示身份证号相同，所以近几年二人一卡通打卡各种补贴费用，都被打到其中一人卡上，高景林的卡上未收到任何款项，找了几次之后也没找明白，我到乡财政所，调取了他们帐号记录之后，请财政所长给他们进行了更改，把属于高景林的各种款项，转给了他本人，后续的账户变更问题，也相继给变更好了。 <br /> 二、岳珠祥对收入不认可不签字<br /> 我们测算收入的时候，他对自己家收入没有完全透明公开，而我们在测算中发现了这个问题，所以他对我们的测算结果，就是不签字，我当时说自己上他们家去做工作，没想到去了几次都做不通工作，在申明了相关政策法规之后，他才最终认可签字。 <br /> 三、钟爱臣与邻居家庭院经济纠纷 <br /> 这是我入村遇到的第一个问题，钟爱晨与邻居家因为地里的一条垄，打得不可开交，都说这条垄是自己家的，我们把他们找到一起，协调了很多次，要求他们双方各退一步，中间公共的一条垄，谁也不种，纠纷才算得以解决。<br /> 四、 西靠山75号张宏礼因骨折花费3万多<br /> 已经为他申请临时救助。<br /> 五、罗殿君之女罗小丽煤补问题<br /> 罗殿君多次找到村部和驻地，说他女儿的煤补一直未发放，后来我到乡财政所给他调取了一卡通记录，其中显示煤补已经打到他家的一卡通，我把记录交给他，他才消除心中疑虑。<br /> 六、 罗殿臣家房子问题<br /> 罗殿臣家本来就是土房，因为下雨外面墙皮脱落，西北墙角处有一个洞，漏雨漏风。因为他家是贫困户，我就联系乡政府和施工队，给他进行了免费维修。<br /> 七、高志辉孩子意外伤害住院问题<br /> 村民高志辉家孩子因为热水烫伤，没办任何手续就去了赤峰市医院，花销较大，我就主动帮他们联系了医保局，通过稽核股王股长为他们办理了报销手续。<br /> 八、毕武廷老人危改进行时<br /> 毕武廷老人的房子是危房，年久失修，我们做通她儿女的工作，子女出一部分资金，财政补贴一部分资金，为老人进行了危房改造，我当天到现场去的时候，施工人员正在施工。<br /> 九、张子斌与旗车检所事宜，好事，咨询是否能扩大范围。<br /> 车检所在我们村设立了一个扶贫岗位，确定了张子斌老人，我想和他们老板再沟通一下，看能不能增加名额，再解决一个岗位给贫困户，没办成 。<br /> 十、王翠花申请低保（张军母亲） <br /> 王翠花老人从天山镇搬回到村里居住，向我们申请低保。我从她嘴里得知杜红军家的姨妈，已经搬到他家，而且是瘫痪多年，需要重点关注。<br /> 十一、乡政府召开了关于小额信贷的会议。<br /> 给尤桂清上报，他老伴儿孟相如符合条件。<br /> 十二、张红新的孩子欲去天山幼儿园就读。<br /> 我为他家儿子联系了一所天山幼儿园上学的名额。<br /> 十三、张明国老爷子的社保卡<br /> 张明国老爷子七十多岁了，社保卡遗失，所有补贴都没办法支取，儿女都不在身边，他很着急，却没办法补办。他和我说完之后，我去了农商银行，我表明了高家段村第一书记身份，并且说明了老爷子的具体情况，工作人员很支持我们的扶贫工作，允许我替他代办了一张，当我把卡交给老爷子的时候，他特别感动。<br /> 十四、张臣的大病申请 <br /> 张臣老人因为患心脏病，我到医保局三次 ，医保局负责办理这事儿的董威，很热心地帮助我办理完所有手续。<br /> 十五、刘晓明家庭农场办理事宜，待出证。<br /> 我鼓励全村的种养大户注册家庭农场，享受政策补贴。只要他们申请，我全程负责办理， 我们村现已成功注册了四个家庭农场，其中刘晓明家庭农场是全旗第一个种植业家庭农场。<br /> 十六、胡占明老伴办残疾证问题<br /> 胡占明老伴常年卧床，现在办理残疾证需要当面审核，我咨询了残联对于卧床老人的政策，残联当时没有答复，后来告知，必须到医院进行鉴定，后来子女带老人进行了鉴定，为她办理了残疾人手续。<br /> 十七、毕晓光危墙很危险！<br /> 我们在村子里发现毕晓光家厢房外墙有坍塌危险，对于路过的人来说非常危险，于是找到他母亲通知他，催促其及时进行修复整改。<br /> 十八、陈术丰欲变更低保等级，待动态时，咨询。<br /> 陈术丰的妻子王广琴因患乳腺癌花销巨大，他申请提高低保等级，后来在低保动态调整时，我们向乡政府提出了申请，给他提高了级别。<br /> ……<br /> 在林保森驻村宿舍办公桌前墙壁上的表格上，诸如此类的小贴士还有很多，不胜枚举。值得说明的是，前面黑体字下面的那些楷体文字，是在我离开以后的半年内，他办好一件事，就注明的上去的。我算了一下账，如果这些小贴士上的每件事需要跑乡里、旗里三趟，那就需要五十多趟，如果他们每三天能办成一件事，那么他就操作五十多天，再加上常规性的调检查、回报、研究项目、接受上级考评等等诸多事情，可以一说他必须每天都要于时间赛跑。也可以换一种切入角，即我们随机点击一下表格上的某一天，都会发现林保森的那一天很忙，无疑在与时间赛跑，他交给自己的任务很繁重，他的每一天都很辛苦，也很充实。<br /> 林保森说，是紧张点，但是不累，只有快乐。他在他的驻村手记《新一箩筐》中这样写道：<br /> “张子林说他家的樱桃熟了，折了一大枝给我送来了，上面挂满了鲜红的大樱桃……” <br /> “在村部门口遇到宁善明家的大娘，她在专门等我，说她家的李子熟了，要我去摘……”<br /> “某日，下班回到宿舍，发现窗台上整齐地摆放着许多蔬菜，茄子辣椒和豆角，不知道是哪位乡亲送来的……”<br /> 　 现在林保森感到自己已经成为了这个村庄里的一员，每天和这里的乡亲们看着新出土的秧苗喜悦，也和他们一起期盼着金秋的丰收。剔透的蓝天，凛冽的绿风，都让他眷恋无比。早上，一轮红日露出半边笑脸，他就起来了，看看这家的驴，看看那家的菜畦，看看五保户家的烟筒是否飘出了炊烟，然后才洗漱，吃饭。他说自己很享受早饭时光，——把饭端到院子里的小桌上，不知道谁家的小狗就来了，一只，两只，三只，在他脚前等着他喂食，看着小狗们香香地吃着，他站起来收拾碗筷，一回身，见一只大野鸡，正立在院墙上，看着那些散落的食物，那墨绿色的羽毛和大红的鸡冠子，在太阳下一闪一闪的，真好看。<br /> <br /> == Part 19 ==<br /> 富兴社区， 乡愁在楼门陪你<br /> 赤峰全市有易地搬迁安置点二百四十多个，我决定选择紫城街道办事处富兴社区作为调研采访对象，最初是因为有个叫唐显武的老头儿。视频上，面对社区的众多围观者，他身后背着一台小音箱，胸前贴着一张章子怡的大彩照，兀自舞蹈，音乐铿锵而嘈杂，人们的喝彩声此起彼伏，他的舞姿率性而发，全无定法，时而铿锵顿挫，时而如风如柳，时而歪歪斜斜，倒是步步踩在点上，很有节奏感。章子怡一直保持微笑，唐显武不亦乐乎。<br /> 唐显武是一个刚刚从乌丹镇新地村搬到富兴社区的贫困户。他曾经有严重风湿性关节炎，每到冬天，几乎不能走路。住上了暖气房之后，腿不疼了，也能下地走路了，一不小心就成了社区的红人，每天乐此不疲地博人眼球。到了晚上，他要是不出来跳舞，社区的老百姓，心里还空落落的，好像少吃了一顿饭。<br /> 我说我得会会这个乐天派的小老头儿。<br /> 旗委书记南振虎也建议我去老唐头儿所在的富兴社区看看，他说这个富兴社区是内蒙古自治区扶贫攻坚最大的搬迁安置点 。2018年年末以来，从全旗十三个乡镇苏木，搬迁入住贫困户一千五百四十八家，共四千另四十人。农民大规模从乡村流动到城镇，然后安家立业，一点点变成城市居民。有人和我说，说富兴社区就是黄河入海口，哗啦啦，河水一个跟斗就进了碧蓝色的大海里，是大海变得更多彩了呢，还是河水更清澈呢？还是河与海形成了新的生命共同体了呢？这些还需要时间来证明。南振虎说，紫城街道办的同志们最了解情况，你可以和他们聊聊。 <br /> 说几句题外话。<br /> 翁牛特旗旗政府所在地是乌丹镇，原来的名字叫做紫城，清代时犯大忌，故把这个紫分成一黑一红，改名乌丹，赤峰人的聪明由此时可见一斑。时过境迁，在乌丹镇里建立个紫城街道区片，也是人文地理的一种记忆。脱贫攻坚开始，为解决旗内一方水土不能养一方人的问题，政府统筹在紫城街道区域内建设了富兴社区，应迁尽迁，让无法在乡村生产生活的村民，集中入住。如果说这是当地三农史上一次划时代的脱胎换骨，也不为过。搬迁时，村民家里的柴扉土屋、锅头灶脑，镐头铁锨，也就一股脑儿的放弃了，但是农民多少年养成的春种秋收之习性，忠诚于土里刨食的生存信念，对睡火炕、吃杂粮、养小鸡、杀年猪的酷爱，却不是一朝一夕可以断舍离的。<br /> 上午九点，我们一行到达富兴社区。紫城街道办事处的党委书记陈宗涛和富兴社区的党支部书记王蕾，陪我在社区参观采访。<br /> 老唐头儿，你在哪里？<br /> 富兴社区建筑群和城市中的其它小区似乎没有什么大区别，钢架雕花的大门，园内绿地开阔，居民广场宽敞漂亮，二十三座居民楼，一律涂暖暖的赭红色打底，加灰白两色勾边提亮，显得好不整齐亮丽，时尚大气 ，怎么联想也无法和农村的烟火庄稼院相提并论。小区大门口两侧的门市房，都已经被充分利用，社区办公室、扶贫车间、药店、超市、便民餐厅一字摆开。与一般居民社区不同的是，这里所有门市的台阶上都站着人，聚堆唠嗑，熙熙攘攘 。<br /> 过去，赤峰农民在农闲的冬月里，一般爱做三件事，就是跳广场舞、打对调和晒老爷儿，打对调是打扑克，晒老爷儿就是晒太阳。如今，这是搬到城里来晒老爷儿了？不是。我专门走到人堆里找人沟通了一下。第一个人堆儿大都是一些老头，他们原本已经把农村的土地流转给了种植企业，由于自身还可以劳动，便每天在这里等活儿。附近很多用人的小企业，经常到这里雇佣他们，给他们一些力所能及的工作。我面前的这个农民七十岁了，满脸深深的皱纹，两眼却好不明亮，他脚上的鞋帮刷出了白茬，一身衣服臃肿，脖子上突兀地围着一条蓝红色格子的羊毛围巾，看上去质量还不错。我夸了他一下他的围脖，他说在村里风那么大，从不戴这玩意儿，进了城，打入冬就戴上了，还离不开了呢。陈宗涛书记对我说，这肯定是她丫头给他买的，在富兴你就看吧，凡是穿的板正利索的，家里安了热水器的，大部分都是丫头给弄得，他这一点和南振虎的看法一样，如今农村儿子在孝心方面，不如女儿。这老头告诉我，他正在给一个企业打更，晚上可以睡觉，有一千四百元的收入，过年过节还发月饼、米面啥的。陈宗涛问他有什么困难没有，他一连用了“中、中、中”三个字表示满意，接着他又说，白天闲着也是闲着，想再找一份不影响打更的活儿。我问他，用工的单位多吗？他说你看着，连老唐头都能找到活儿。<br /> 原来，社区已经和工业园区和周边企业达成了优先用工协议，还设定了很多社会公益的岗位。起初不愿意搬迁的村民说，俺们土拉吧唧的，进城除了喝西北风，啥也干不了，现在一看，收入比在家侍弄那几亩没有水浇的旱地，翻了好几倍，都乐了。<br /> 这时我又走到了几个五十出头的男村民旁边。一个叫徐品友的村民说，他有点技术，社区帮他找了一份电工活儿，我问他收入多少，他一笑，没回答。我琢磨他这一笑，有腼腆的因素，有不想让周围的村民眼馋的因素，也有自己偷着乐的想法。接着我就问，你出来干活儿，老伴儿在干啥呢？社区的王书记王蕾，是个好姐姐类型的干部，她一路陪着我，几乎我问的每件事，她都是了如指掌，介绍起来比农民自己说得还详细。这时她插话说：“学面点呢，他们几个的老伴儿，都没在家呆着，全在饭店里蒸包子，蒸馒头呢”。徐品友这时候不知为啥突然高声说了活——哎呀，可比在农村强多了，在农村种地，老天爷不下雨，你就是干瞪眼儿，能收个啥呀……<br /> 在赤峰，我所到的几十个村子，都有一个共同之处，就是年轻人接近于零，不是出去上学，就是出去打工，守家在地的都是中老年，这个群体极容易因病致贫。富兴社区集中安置的贫困户，平均年龄偏高，街道和社工因势利导，设立了一些特殊而适用的公益岗位 。例如小老人管老老人这个岗位，组织年轻一些的老人照顾比他们更老的老人，叫小老人看护老老人。小老人有钱挣，老老人有人管，真是一举两得。我觉得这个想法还真的不错，我母亲卧病好几年了，也换过几个保姆，最终留下来的，都是五六十岁的小老人。小老人他们有阅历，懂人生，往往更能理解老老人的困境，更容易设身处地，将心比心，只要身体允许，照顾老老人，比年轻人能稳住，有耐心。 我想，国家的老龄化已经来临，也许这个方法应该大举推荐。<br /> 土地有人替你种，农民搬得出；进城有住房，就医上学不发愁，农民稳得住；到处需要农民工，农民就有了挣钱机会，说不上能致富，但肯定有收入。脱贫已经不是问题，如何更富裕，更文明的目标已经在眼前招手了。陈宗涛算了一笔账：一个农民做工按两千算，一年就是两万四，加上在老家的地租钱，加上政府给的兜底保障，加上易地搬迁后续产业支撑的收入，远远超过了每人 三千六百元的脱贫标准。<br /> 不过 我还是有点纳闷儿，八十岁的老唐头，你能找到啥工作，劳动法允许吗？<br /> 我问陈宗涛，老唐头在哪儿，什么时候跳舞啊？陈宗涛站在台阶上四处一望，说这么找有点费劲。艾平老师，咱们转吧，没准儿能遇上他，我说也好，咱们正好边走边聊。<br /> 没想到，挺老远站着的一个村民一直在听着我们的谈话，这时他突然亮了一嗓子——老唐头是上午挣钱，下午跳舞，在车间呢。陈宗涛说，咱们最后也要去车间。<br /> 走进小区，最引人注目的立在楼群正中间的一个大柱子，我一时没看清是啥东西，就听到空中传来了一个男人的声音：“各位网格员，各位楼长，各位村民，早晨饭都吃完了吗？身体舒坦吧？小区东边的居民自由市场已经不少有卖东西的了，没事儿看看去，你想买啥卖啥都允许，不收费，街道办的陈书记说了，一开始不要管的太死，太死了就没人来了，慢慢规范着……”原来这柱子上端，安装着四个全中国都少见的古董式大喇叭，土话“村村响”，冲着东西南北四个方向 ，它一出声，家家户户都能听到。陈宗涛无奈地笑了，他私下布置工作时说的话，直截了当地就给捅了出来，住进了楼房的人们，不改村里的思维方式。<br /> 一开始村民搬进来的时候，整体发懵，村委会呢？村书记呢？小组长呢？啥是社区，啥是街道？<br /> 所以富兴社区的结构设置充分考虑了农村的习惯，第一排楼叫党家庄，国家庄，法家庄……第二排楼叫张家营子，马家营子……全社区分若干个网格，每个网格一百多家，网格有网格长，楼道有楼道长，人在网中住，事儿在网中办。陈宗涛虽然在街道办事处办公，却是富兴老百姓人人认识的陈哥陈叔陈老弟。村里来的老百姓不管你是什么官，有了困难就站在大门口吵吵，陈宗涛说， 人怕见面，树怕扒皮，你一定要耐心听完，合理的马上办，不合理的耐心解释。老百姓其实很体谅人，他们见不到干部才上火，他们见到了干部，心先就踏实了。<br /> 你看，老百姓终于搞明白了，他们说：单元的楼道长，就是村里的小组长，网格长就是村里的村长，王蕾书记就是大队长，陈宗涛书记就是公社书记。<br /> 在社区里走着。只见楼前的一个个小菜园子，在初冬的阳光里还是绿莹莹的，韭菜矮壮，羊角葱叶子带着白霜，小白菜也有半尺高了，看样子是秋天罢园后续种的。<br /> 村村响大喇叭又说了：“易地搬迁是个筐，前边挑着爹，后面挑着娘，绝对不能慢待进城的老乡。”<br /> 陈宗涛又笑了，原来这话也是他说的。那时候村民们还没有全搬来，在组建党支部和村委会时，他反复强调过，面对新来乍到的村民，要有充分的思想准备，把各项工作做在前面，让村民们找到回家的感觉。就说这个大喇叭吧，也是他们费尽心思安排的。陈宗涛本身是农村孩子出身的的基层干部，他知道上了点岁数的村民们都是啥习惯，虽然老头老太太们差不多都有了手机，上了微信，但是他们还是信大喇叭里的话，大喇叭在村口广播了好几十年，他们的心都跟大喇叭挂上钩了。<br /> 虽然千思万想，似乎做足了功课，到了村民们搬进社区之后，才知道许多事情必须等着车到山前才能办，方向盘只有和车轱辘一起使劲，才能走到车辙上。你看吧，一家家村民扶老携幼地来了，坐着半截子客货两用车，车上除了人，就是粮食袋子、咸菜缸。那些要食吃的鸡鸭鹅也被带来了，你就听吧，咯咯咯，嘎嘎嘎叫得那个欢，好像天上落下了一群雁，哩哩啦啦的屎尿，瞬间把干干净净的楼道，整得都是骚臭气。你让他们清出去，大叔大婶抱着一只大公鸡就冲你来了，老会说话了：“这东西是捧在手心里喂大的，把它扔到荒地里吧，那是叫俺们一步三回头，说啥舍不得。它们都是原生态的无污染的，你们城里人不是好这口嘛……再说了，你们帮俺们盖楼修房子也辛苦了，就权当见面礼，领导拿回去给孩子们吃了吧……”这可倒好，几句话把干部们整得半斤不是六两也不是，怼回去怕伤了他们，接过来也不是那么回事儿。 <br /> 很多男村民放着冲水马桶不用，站到楼后面就小便，劝他，他说这是房后。他们从小到大都是在自家屋后处理这个问题的。告诉他们这里是社区，是公共空间，他们又说不会放水冲马桶，往比饭碗还白的马桶前一站，就不会使那股劲了……社区干部把他们领回家，告诉他们怎么按放水开关，他们才说了心里的实话，用水要花钱，没见过拉屎撒尿还带要钱的……<br /> 大婶大妈们没有每天上市场买菜的习惯，要做饭了，在自家院子里的菜畦，顺手薅上一把小菜，摘几个辣椒豆角，一炒一炖，就是美味佳肴。她们第一舍不得钱出去买菜，第二吃不惯菜市场里那些用营养液种出来的菜。有史以来，她们就没吃过根上没有土的菜， 茄子柿子要太阳晒出色儿来，胡萝卜窝瓜也要过点秋霜才好吃。<br /> 社区的三个党小组全部行动起来，街道 派了一个副主任，专门负责抓这个社区的物业、幼儿园和学校、超市、医疗、法庭、派出所，开展民生义务服务、帮助弱势群体，宣传文明法治。在陈宗涛说，社区没小事，必须让文明之光把每一块砖缝都照亮。<br /> 原来菜园子就是这么来的。陈宗涛说，所以我们富兴社区，和哪个城镇小区都不一样，我们的绿地，就是菜地，就是群众的菜园子，老师你看，漂亮不漂亮？<br /> 我说漂亮又适用，给你们点个赞！<br /> 接着我们就往单元里走，在一楼的楼门间里，装置在墙壁上的玻璃橱窗，让我眼前一亮。<br /> 多年下乡采访，我最怕遇到按着本本说话的人，多么有趣的生活，一经他们的嘴，马上变成了死板的口号、没有血肉的塑料花。这个陈宗涛还真的不一样，你听 ——大雁飞出去千万里，忘不了破壳出生的地方。人又不是桌椅板凳，得哪放哪，农民呼啦一下子迁出老窝子，做饭，没有大铁锅，睡觉没有热炕头，出了家门，看不到房檐上的燕子窝，听不到羊羔子牛犊子叫，心里能不发空吗？我们必须动脑筋啊，要让老百姓走进楼房就能找到回家的感觉。 <br /> 橱窗里面装满了农村的老物件。老镰刀的刀刃秃了，木把却被磨得发亮；一个粗瓷大饭碗微微有点点裂缝，使人想起黏糊糊香喷喷的芸豆大碴子粥；一个斜了边框珠子还在的木算盘，好像还噼里啪啦地响着，而那个叼着旱烟，打着算盘的大队会计好像并没有离去……还有奶奶用棉线绣的布荷包，大娘用麻绳纳的布鞋底，写着双喜字的铁茶缸……上楼下楼的人们，每一天都会从自己的老故事里走过。<br /> 陈宗涛说，领导领导，就是领着大家往前跑，干部干部，能干好事儿的才叫干部。老师，你看我们整的还中吧？不怕老师笑话，这真不是我们自己的发明创造，是从北京郊区大北桥乡学来的，不过我们在里面放了咱翁牛特老家的物件儿，也算学以致用吧。<br /> 说着社区没小事儿的话，一件小事就来了。有位大婶儿迎面就拦住了我们。陈书记，咋整啊？<br /> 陈宗涛说，啥咋整？<br /> 大婶子说，我家停电了呗。口气好不理直气壮。<br /> 陈宗涛的感觉是司空见惯，他答应着大婶的话，就张罗找物业，要不是陪我，肯定会把这个大婶儿直接送到物业办公室了。他说不会停电的，没准是碰了电闸，物业告诉两次，她就知道了。<br /> 我说陈书记，你真是接地气 ，这点小事，也亲力亲为。<br /> 陈宗涛说，别说我了，就是我们旗委书记南振虎到了这也一样，上回来调研，一进老乡家，就问你们家的热水器咋不插电呢？一听老乡说他们家不洗澡，赶紧问为啥，有的老乡说使不明白这家伙，热水太烫人；有的老乡说热水器流出来的是冰凉的水，可能是假货，有的老乡说热水器费电……到了双休日，南书记就特意来了一趟，挨家走，一户一户地教老乡使用热水器，怎么开，怎么关，怎么定时，怎么调温，几个老乡学会了，体验到洗澡的好处了，便扬着红扑扑的脸，飘着浑身的浴液香味，到大门口晒老爷儿去了，不一会儿，社区就传开了——不会洗澡你就别瞎鼓捣热水器，旗委书记叫你咋洗你就咋洗，按照咱们领导的指示办，保险褪泥、冒汗，浑身舒坦。<br /> 边走边聊，我发现眼前这个貌不惊人的街道书记挺逗，满嘴都是土磕，满肚子都是故事，和村民混得相当自然，处理村民的事情，好像三年早知道，三下五除二，几分钟搞定。一问，他原也是农村孩子，和赤峰的许多靠刻苦学习改变了命运的干部一样也不一样，一样的是读了大学，不一样的是他母亲原是读过初中的，不是一般的农村大娘，所以他从打少年就有些文绉绉，平日里小衬衫领子雪白，走到哪儿都带着几本书。他从旗委办公室副主任的岗位上，下派到乌丹城镇城乡结合部的紫城街道办，干了两年，回家他娘就问他：“儿子你咋和以前不一样了呢？”<br /> 陈宗涛说，艾平老师我不变能行吗？到了老乡家，人家给你让座，怕你嫌脏，先找个椅垫给你，你能坐上去吗，不能，你得和人家一样一样的，脏乱的地方照样做坐；老乡让你摘个槟子果吃，你不能洗，群众都是拿衣服襟一拧擦就吃，你也得那样吃，不然就是嫌乎人家。到过年了，老乡说家里杀猪了，请书记来吃点杀猪菜，倚在门框上眼巴巴地等着你，你说有纪律，她就说你不是我表外甥吗，回家吃饭不犯错误，你不去，我不走，那咱就得去。大老散，自家酿的，度数快七十了，老乡喝几杯，你也得整几杯，喝上了火候，老乡什么知心话都跟你说了，原来平常你给办的小小不然的事儿，他们都当个事儿在心里记着呢，你做的不周到的地方，他们虽然会一点不委婉地告诉你，但是十分理解你，说政府有困难，我们不能强求那么多，要慢慢来。那话说的，可掏心窝子了。<br /> 我顺嘴问了一句，说那你都喜欢读什么书啊？陈宗涛略显腼腆地说，我爱看点治国理政和文学方面的书。白天坐不下来，我一般都是晚上读，都是同时两本书换着读，保持新鲜感。艾老师，我有点不谦虚了，我这书读的肤浅，不过，我觉得还是有好处的。 <br /> 陈宗涛说：“例如，例如吧——我们入户调研，老是一进屋，也不坐下来， 一边问群众，一边填报表，完事儿，拉着群众合个影儿，那不行，老百姓认为你是走形式，我们自己也摸不着实底。我就压着韵脚，给大家编个了顺口溜：“一看衣，全家冬夏有衣裳，二看粮，米面油加粗粮，三看水，清亮亮，四看房，暖和结实又宽敞，五看家有几个读书郎，六看炕上有否病秧秧，七看收入算好账，八看几个儿女孝高堂。”尤其是第七条，最重要，把所有的收入加起来，往高拉，然后说人家达标脱贫了，老百姓肯定不高兴，应该这样说，大爷我给你家去个零头，他们就高兴，群众的普遍心理是愿意享受贫困户的待遇。你去的次数多了，群众就知道你不是为了追求政绩， 是个实得惠儿的人，见着你就说实话，那种一见干部就哭穷的风气，也慢慢没了。<br /> 老师你看我们这个顺口溜是不是把“两不愁，三保障”给包进去了，结合我们的实际，还有点小创造？请您给指导指正一下吧？” <br /> 我说我哪有你接地气，哪有你懂农民这个中国最大的群体啊，至于读书这种事情，不是让你背住多少金句 ，也不是一夜之间获得什么真谛，读书就像每天呼吸新鲜空气，在文化的养育里像树一样生长。书读得通了，你的心就变软了，变宽了，变得更怜悯更善良了，到那个时候，你的智慧就来了。你这个八看，来自理论，不拘一格，来自生活，却不脱离生活，却可以直接为工作所用。我要是当了你的手下，凭着这八看，就能和群众打成一片。 <br /> 读书带来智慧。在富兴社区里走，到处都有新的感触，新的气息，新的创造。这个地方对于一个写作者的魅力，不在大，也不在新，不在惊喜，而在于一个贯穿始终的“变”字，随着人类文明的进程，人类生存的方式时刻在变，土里刨食，脸朝黄土背朝天的乡村生活，显然已经无以为继，而农民进城，仅有收入也是不足以谋身立命的。扶贫先扶志，一语道出了这种变的带来的课题 。也可以这样说，在脱贫攻坚的第一线干部，肩负的职责，远不止于帮助一个家庭将平均收入拉高到三千六百元以上。拓展一个群体的眼界，输送给他们文明法治和高尚，将任重而道远。<br /> 走进妇女创业车间，我看见一个五十多岁的贫困户妹子李秀莲，正在用一些服装下脚料缝制小老虎玩偶，设计的还真是虎虎有生气，摆在那里看上去挺厉害，仿佛要跳起来似的。<br /> 我问她：“一天能做几只？能挣多少钱？”<br /> “一天能做十来对这种小老虎，一对挣十块钱，一天一百元左右。”<br /> 她的名字叫李秀莲，是个贫困户，有个儿子在长春读书，丈夫去世了。 <br /> 我说妹子你一个月挣三千，不算太宽绰吧？ <br /> 李秀莲说，俺还有公益岗。原来她是成手，每天教社区的妇女们做布偶，一个月有七百五十的收入。她说，加上家里流转土地的地租子，供孩子上学，自己过日子不用愁了。<br /> 陈宗涛拿着小老虎端详一番，说话了。他告诉我，这种布偶，是外单订货。由于传统文化相同，在韩国和新加坡很受欢迎。<br /> 他有转过脸去，跟王蕾书记说，明年的订单你们考虑了没有？明年是鼠年，设计个老鼠吉祥物怎么样？没等王蕾回答，一边的李秀莲一拍脑壳，哎呀书记，我咋就没往这上想呢……<br /> 在社区的东侧的一片空地上，新建的农贸集市开业了，村民带着各种老家的特产，带着自己进的蔬菜水果，油盐酱醋，在这里练地摊儿。这就是村村响大喇叭里边广播的那个“陈书记说了不能管得太死， 太死就没人来了”的市场，这个目前还没有名字的小市场 ，卖东西的人和买东西的人都不多，看热闹的人倒是不少。他们之间的问话很有意思，不问货怎么卖，而是问你哪个个营子的，啥时搬过来的？不用说，来来往往的人，都是社区的易地搬迁住户。<br /> 我问一个卖切割鸡肉的妇女，她说，生意不错，一天营业额八百元；我又去问一个卖水果的小伙子生意怎样，他说多便宜也没人买，连问的人也没有。我看看他的货，苹果是抽巴皮的，橘子是带小黑点的，显然他上货的时候图稀便宜了，进了次货。我说不怕，下次上货咱们上好的，他说这是第一次也是最后一次，亏不起。 我想继续劝劝他，一回身，看见陈宗涛已经被一群男人给包围了。我过去一看，这个陈宗涛，蹲在地上，嘴上叼着一棵旱烟卷，正跟卖烟叶的唠得热闹。他说，你这烟叶，冲，有劲，却不辣，是个好品种，可是这么卖不行，你得预备点卷烟纸，预备几个烟斗子，让人家尝尝再买。抽烟的人你知道，抽一口，香了，谁也挡不住，肯定买。再说了，货卖一张皮，你这么一大抱，往地上一堆不行，又是风又是土的，你以为这是你们家场院呢，你再买几个塑料袋，一斤半斤地整小包装，找个美术社印上——当铺地原生态无污染葵花烟！再卖，一准儿鲤鱼跳龙门，能涨好几倍的价。不知道大家伙儿是不是认识陈宗涛，他在那个人群里，也不显眼，抽得挺嗨。<br /> 在我都要把挂着章子怡大照片跳舞的老唐头忘了的时候，起扶贫办的张主任走过来，说找到老唐头了。<br /> 从小集市往东北角一拐，就到了社区产业福利车间。此时的老唐头，就在车间里修剪中草药。张主任介绍道，这个车间是社区和一个制药企业的合作项目，有一千六百六十平米，可以容纳三百三十人一起工作。此时， 一座座像山一样的沙参、黄芪堆边上，围坐着修剪草药的工人们，大约一百三十多人，细看，都是些爷爷奶奶，找不到一个大叔大婶。他们坐在垫了羊毛垫子的小板凳上，一把剪刀在手，干得专心致志，一丝不苟。经过他们修剪的药材，整齐地码放在袋子里，修下来的细根须，也收拢起来单放着。老人们剪好的草药根茎，用做切片，根须用制作药丸。社区安排这些有劳动能力和愿望的老年人，在这里做工，每修剪一斤中草药，挣四毛钱，一个人一天不紧不慢，可以修割一百斤，能挣四十块钱，还不累。社区所有的老年弱劳力，基本都来了，一边干活儿，一边有说有笑，都挺开心的。<br /> 老唐头气色不错，留着两撇山羊胡子，看着像七十一二。他穿着棉袄棉裤，棉袄外面还套了件西装。不过，头发有点缭乱，西服前襟和袖口油亮。我说您老人家挺精神啊，今天咋没去跳舞，他说每天上午干活儿，下午或者晚上跳舞。我说你是章子怡的粉丝吗，他说章子怡啊，一开始我也不认识她是谁，那么多人看咱们表演，总得拾掇拾掇吧，就把她的照片挂胸前了，是老乡们喊章子怡章子怡， 我才知道她叫啥，管她是谁呢，就是为了个乐呵。不过我呀，嘿嘿，也不能总挂大美女的照片，这个岁数了，老伴儿可不敢得罪……大家七嘴八舌和他开起玩笑里，他却变得一本正经起来——赶明儿我得换着挂，郎平的腾格尔的大衣哥的都上……为了跳舞，我都做了八个帽子了，这两天又把刘锣鼓的帽子也做完了，赶明戴上你们看，威武。<br /> 扶贫办的张主任跟他很熟，告诉我这老头心态特好。<br /> 我问：“腿没事儿了吧？”<br /> 老唐头，站起身，给我走了两步，雄赳赳气昂昂的。<br /> 我说你老人家真棒。<br /> 老唐头儿说：“农村人吃大碴子长大，身体一般都不错，就是受累上作得病，你看我这一进城，不放羊了， 不受凉受潮，就啥事儿没有了。”<br /> 我说：“虽然好了，也要注重保暖，多洗热水澡……”<br /> 一听洗热水澡。他有点微词：“一个出力气的人，那么讲究干啥，我不洗澡，从来不洗，洗完了，浑身冒汗，冷风嗖嗖地往骨头缝里钻。”<br /> 我说：“大叔，那正是你有风湿的原因，你多洗几次，洗完了，披个毛巾被消消汗，再出来，慢慢就好了。”<br /> 老唐头抬头看看我，半信半疑地说：“赶明儿礼拜天旗里的南书记来，我也跟他学学看……”<br /> 听得大家止不住笑出了声，老唐头儿半张着嘴，感觉很懵懂。<br /> <br /> 东塔拉的老潘书记<br /> 赤峰有两个很有知名度的村党支部书记。一个是林西县的刘振林，一个是翁牛特旗的潘向学。在林西见过了刘振林，到翁牛特旗，必须见见潘向学。<br /> 潘向学所在的五分地镇东塔拉村，距离旗政府所在的乌丹镇大约五十多公里。从这个村子的名字上，可以回溯出这里从前的地理状况。塔拉是蒙语，草原的意思。在东塔拉的北侧还有东北塔拉村，正北塔拉村，那一定是农耕进入草原的过程，汉族人留下的名字。一路上，我细细观察，发现这一带的确开阔平坦，从高速公里的两侧的土质和植被，隐隐地看出些许科尔沁沙地的禀赋，但是一路耕地万顷，设施农业的大棚连绵不断。农耕文明在这片古老的草原上扎根已久，生机勃勃。<br /> 东塔拉村是五分地镇所辖的村庄里面积最大、人口最多的一个村，人口超过三千，面积有三百二十一平方公里。赤峰的农耕土地，分旱地和水浇地。一般水浇地多一些的地方，相对好生活一些。出东塔拉村向北九公里，有一条不大的河流，有一个游牧民族留下的名字，叫巴尔图河。许多年以来，这条河一直和东塔拉农人的小康之梦紧紧缠绕在一起。<br /> 二十年前，潘向学作为一个新上任的、年富力强的村书记，发动几百人的村民大会战，从巴尔图河中开出一条通渠，引水进村，一下子使全村增加了七百多亩水浇地，东塔拉人乐得胡子翘到耳朵上，屁股撅到天上，脑袋扎在泥土里，一垄一畦地侍弄着庄稼。那清格凌凌的水啊，滋润在干涸的土地上，也永远地记忆在老少爷们儿的心里。<br /> 时过境迁，而今，巴尔图河水已经断流，东塔拉人只能打机井浇地，但还是得靠巴尔图和，井窝子必须沿着巴尔图河的水脉走，才能打出水来。2013年，东塔拉人均收入不到三千。用现脱贫的标准来看，不仅是全村有多少个贫困户的问题，而是整个东塔拉，可以说是个贫困村。眼看这巴尔图河道的水位一年年下沉，村里的年轻人一波一波往外走，东塔拉人的致富梦更加迫切。<br /> 潘向学组织党支部全体成员坐下来讨论，2013年东他拉村人均收入不足3000元。在实施金融扶贫工程中，富裕户都不愿为贫困户担保贷款，怕担责任。越穷越借不到钱，越借不到钱越穷，村两委会决心打破这个怪圈，通过广泛征求村民意见，在实践中创造了“三链互助”扶贫模式：首先让富裕户通过亲情关系与贫困户结成互助组，建立帮扶关系，由富裕户带领贫困户外出打工或为其提供贷款担保、信息技术等，帮助发展养牛、养羊产业使其脱贫致富，形成 “亲情链”；其次，让具有物质、信息、技术、信誉等良好基础但在产业发展中缺少劳动力、土地、草场等资源的富裕户，与缺乏资金、信息、技术但有富余劳动力、土地、草场等资源的贫困户结对，平等帮扶、各取所需，形成“互需链”；上述两链都连接不上的贫困户，由村干部和党员履行扶贫责任和义务，对贫困户进行帮扶，形成“责任链”。现在东他拉村共有74个“三链式”互助扶贫联合体，为280户村民争取金融扶贫贷款1375万元，贫困户利用贷款发展养殖业，年户均增收5000元。　五分地镇东他拉村户籍人口980户，2014年初识别建档立卡户341户，是全旗重点贫困村。为解决贫困户缺资金、缺技术、缺市场等难题，村党支部在旗有关脱贫政策支持下，推出“亲情链”“互需链”“责任链”产业帮扶模式，1户种养大户最多带4户贫困户，当年结成“亲情链”38链、“互需链”26链、“责任链”10链，覆盖建档立卡户216户，实现从农行贷款1375万元，助力贫困户脱贫产业迅速发展。目前，全村牛存栏已由当初的不足700头发展到2500多头，且全部是优质牛；羊存栏从不到3000只发展到10000多只，年人均增收在3000元以上。实现脱贫后，村党支部为激励村民竞相发展生产、引导树立文明乡风，实行村民“积分卡”制度，凡产业发展得好、扶贫政策掌握得好、门前卫生搞得好、孝老爱亲、邻里和睦的通过评定都能获得积分，1积分顶0.5元，凭积分卡可以到村“爱心超市”领取生活物品。“现在，村民都比着干，有不积极的户，念书的孩子就督促父母了，为了给自己孩子做榜样，也都往好了干。”东他拉村党支部书记潘向学说。<br /> <br /> == Part 20 ==<br /> 给丰收村的新故事起个头<br /> <br /> 艾平<br /> <br /> 中国农村叫丰收的地方应该很多很多。我说的这个丰收村，是赤峰市敖汉旗丰收乡的丰收村。至于这个丰收村为什么叫丰收村，我不知道，无疑的是，这个村名是喜兴的，饱含着殷切期望的。 <br /> 王振平和所有听着这个村名进入丰收村的人一样，满脑袋里都是欣欣向荣的景象，然而当他在村口停下脚步的时候，不禁愕然地张大了嘴巴。颓房残桓，探出一棵老李子树的枯枝，柴扉之前坐着一个半身不遂的老人，显然是家人们将他放到的这个位置放风透气的。在清冷的阳光中，他吃力地抬起头，看着步履迟疑的王振平走过来，脸上微微地呈现一丝莫名的表情。离年已经不远了，丰收村的日子却有点无精打采。喝酒，打对调儿，晒老爷儿，串门子，这些就是丰收村的农闲，真的看不出丰收这两个字，曾经或者即将给这个小村庄带来过怎样的欢天喜地。<br /> 年富力强的人都像鸟儿一样飞走了，飞走了就决意永不回头，他们丢掉了土里刨食的日子，甚至都不愿做一只冬去春回的候鸟，一任故乡兀自穷困潦倒，乃至自消自灭。有谁知道记忆是一块会长牙的石头，故乡只要有人存在，记忆就是活生生的，让人痛，还要衍生出些难以想象的故事，当然，在无奈的贫困之中，那都是些令人心酸和疼痛的故事。<br /> 2015年的初冬，王振平作为扶贫攻坚工作队的第一书记 ，迎着这些故事走进了丰收村。他虽然也是农村长大的孩子，但是一直是在城镇上学，大学毕业后，又在中学里上教书育人多年，2013年调入敖汉旗旗委宣传部，任文艺宣传室主任，主抓文联工作。他对农村的全部记忆，一是小时候自己总是穿两个姐姐穿小了的花衣服，招致村里的小伙伴起哄，嘲笑他为“花丫头片子”，于是他回家找母亲，母亲将花衣服从他身上脱下来，找了件父亲的吊兜中山装给他穿上了，衣服太大，就用一条旧皮带往腰上给他一扎，虽然邋遢无比，好歹也算个男孩子的模样了；二是记得有一次放学回来，见到二姐坐在院子里哭，任凭他怎么喊二姐二姐，二姐就是不理他，后来他才知道，因为家里穷，供不起两个孩子一起读书了，于是选择了供儿子，学习成绩非常好的二姐失学了……许多年以后，王振平眼前还经常浮现二姐当时抽泣耸动的背影。虽然有如此这般不可剥离的生命经验，对于中国农村农民这本大书，王振平还不曾真正读过。在我和他的交谈中，他说他这次入驻丰收村，无形中给自己开启了深度认识农村的大课堂。如果说这次脱贫攻坚将彻底消灭农村的绝对贫困，是人类历史上划时代的创举，那么自己参与到时代的大潮中，是成长的幸事，是人生的幸事。<br /> 下村的第一个任务，是认门。王振平第一次入户，是村干部带领的，事先，王振平画了一张地图，把七十三个贫困户的姓名注明在每一个坐标点上，第二次再入户，他就不用人带领了，每一家啥情况，也就大概摸清了。很快，哪家是贫困户，哪家是低保户，哪家在什么位置，就像在嘴边等着一样，他熟悉到一张嘴就能说出来。<br /> 全村经济基础十分薄弱，地上没有企业，地下没有矿藏，农民只有单一的种植收入，村党组织制度不健全，党员没有很好发挥带头作用，开个党员会，就来星蹦儿几个人，一问，就说家里有活儿。通知开会，要先通知今天开会发毛巾，发盆，这样才有人来参加，但是，必须等到大家听完课、座谈结束才可以发东西，不然人们就拿着东西提前走了。村里的青年劳动力基本走光，留守者中老弱病残占大多数，这就是当时丰收村的状况。<br /> 村里贫困户的致贫原因是各种各样的，也是苦难深重。一些叫三十六岁的王振平无法想象的惨剧，真的就在现实中，就在丰收村的一个个家庭里。<br /> 什么叫万箭穿心，在贫困户冯喜仁家，在冯喜仁女儿冯晓伟的病床前，王振平体验到了。<br /> 这是一个四口之家，只有一个上高三的儿子是个健康人，其余三口全都是绝症。冯喜仁的妻子癌症，刚刚去世，冯喜仁本人是肺鳞癌，已经到了生命垂危的程度，他的女儿冯晓伟，年轻优秀，在上海一家财经学院学习，谁知大学毕业不到一年，在一次洗牙的时候突然牙龈出血，无论使用什么办法也止不住，失血导致这个女孩脸色苍白，浑身无力，到医院一检查，是得了恶性血液病。冯喜仁大放悲声，毫无办法，亲戚朋友的钱都借遍了，已经无法再张嘴。敖汉旗医院不久即给冯晓伟下了病危通知，他们家也实在没有挽救女儿生命的能力，只好把女儿接回家里，放在床上，默默哀求死神不要降临。<br /> 焦急之下，冯喜仁病情加重，亲戚们准备送他到赤峰治疗，他死守着奄奄一息的女儿，说什么也不肯离开。亲戚们说，还是救可能救的吧，你治好了，还可以照管你儿子。冯喜仁伸出手，在女儿的鼻前，试了又试，只感觉女儿的气息已经细若游丝，马上就要消失了，这个虚弱的父亲，连哭喊的力气都要没有了。他拿出女儿的一个小包裹，里面是女儿自己挑选的一身衣服，这身衣服很鲜艳，仿佛一个少女鲜花般的生命。她说要穿这身衣服离开父亲，离开家，走进一个没有贫寒的世界。父亲在女儿耳边喊了一声——丫头啊丫头，你穿上，安心走吧，这辈子爹没把你照看好，下辈子爹给你做牛马……<br /> 只见女儿的眼皮似乎微微一动，很快又纹丝不动了。冯喜仁一步三回头，被亲戚们送往赤峰市的医院住院。<br /> 也许是上苍可怜哀伤的老冯，也许是命运怜悯那个年轻的生命。冯喜仁离开以后，亲戚们守在冯晓伟的床边，只要能撬开她的嘴，就给她灌药喂汤，几天之后，冯晓伟渐渐苏醒过来，可是她依然不能起身，只能睁一下眼睛，看着家中布满灰尘的天棚……<br /> 贫困户滕云祥家的致贫过程，应该从五十年代就开始了，那不是尘封在岁月里的故事，而是至今依然流血的伤口。 <br /> 我来到赤峰采访，赤峰市扶贫办政策法规科科长杨明霞给我看了一张存在她手机里的照片。她用了优雅这个词，来描述照片的主人公林群意。照片上的林群意显然不像一个长年劳作在烈日风霜中的农村奶奶，也不像个病人。她虽说已经八十五岁了，皮肤依然有几分白皙，眼神里透出的不是呆滞，而是一种淡淡的冷漠，更引人注目的是她的打扮，一身衣服虽然带着农村的时尚，但不属于常见的那种土气花哨，而是简单又鲜亮，头上那顶米色的针织帽子使她显得相对年轻，她脖子上的围巾，不是地摊货，有些品质感。杨明霞说，你一定要见见这个老太太，她是香港人，五十年代嫁到了敖汉。<br /> 啊？香港——敖汉，五十年代！多么遥远的空间，多么漫长的时间，这其中有怎样的故事？说实话，来丰收村也算是临时动议，起初我是想见见这个香港来的老太太，听听她的故事，没想到在他们家遇见了纠葛在故事中的驻村第一书记王振平。<br /> 故事是这样开始的。赤峰地区解放战争前后参家解放军的青年人很多，敖汉旗有一个姓吴的年轻人也在其列。五十年代初，小吴随部队到广东广西一带剿匪。当时，年轻漂亮，像春天一般明媚的林群意大学毕业刚毕业，她从香港来到韶关工作，是个售货员。她和当时全中国的姑娘一样，崇拜英雄，喜欢解放军。当英姿勃勃的小吴出现在她的视野，她的世界一下子布满灿烂霞光，接下来就是一场生死不渝的恋爱，然后有情人终成眷属。小吴复员，林群意毅然决然地跟着丈夫，做了五天五夜火车，来到了内蒙古昭乌达盟敖汉旗丰收村。<br /> 一切皆因爱情，然而纯真的爱情没有错。<br /> 命运之错？有谁能在历史的惊涛骇浪中把握自己的命运？更何况当时林和吴都是少不更事的小年轻。<br /> 当我见到林群意的那个片刻，真没觉得在面对一个精神分裂症患者，反而感到有种亲近，她唤起了我身上女人对女人的惺惺相惜，我为她流血又流泪的一辈子心痛。<br /> 她坐在儿子滕云祥家的东屋炕上，那场景和照片上没有区别，还是那一身衣服，脖子上还系着那条让人看着挺得体的丝巾。<br /> 我伸手摸摸炕，炕烧得热乎乎的。我问她，身体还好吗？她点点头，我说不冷吧，她摇摇头。我坐在她跟前，她并不畏惧或者拒绝。她的态度非常友善，我很希望和她长谈，然而，她毕竟年事已高，我不能去触动一个老妈妈结痂的伤口。<br /> 故事在她和丈夫的美好爱情中，延续了两年，似乎南北方的地理差异，都没有成为任何障碍，和心上人在一起，喝凉水都是和蜜糖一样甜的。事出突然，小吴病故，属于心肌梗塞之类的不防之症，林群意的天就这样塌了。她一个人孤零零地在他乡徘徊，没有人能庇护这个年轻的寡妇。她每天去小吴的坟头上默默流泪，荒野无人，她竟不知道害怕，也不知道身后有贪婪的目光在跟踪。<br /> 在贫穷的土地上，愚昧和邪恶是孪生兄弟，人类的原始欲望常常变成兽性，被邪恶牵引着横行乡里。我见到的文字资料里说，后来林意群被迫嫁给了当时村里的治保主任。既然是被迫，她一定不愿意！她没有想到回老家吗？一定想过。故事在这里中断了，但我还是能从她的儿子滕云祥和乡亲们的只言片语里听出，林意群的第二个丈夫是个强悍之人。<br /> 雪上加霜的是，林群意的第一个孩子夭折，在孩子还没有冷却的时候，被人们急忙丢弃在山林里，林群意疯子一般跑出去追她的孩子，恰恰看到了那可怕的一幕。从此人们都说她魔症了，其实她是间歇性的精神失常，平时静静的，一言不发，突然之间就会又哭又闹。<br /> 到了滕家，她一连生了七个孩子，但是她不曾幸福过。这是一个受过教育，体验过人生美好的女性，她一定知道自己的境遇意味着什么。所以她每天每天都怀着逃生的愿望，又因为接踵而来的孩子，难以断舍离，长此以往，抑郁是必然的。滕云祥说，母亲一发病就往外跑，父亲嫌她不干活，就追她打她，当自己长大了些，懂事了，就拦着，用自己小小的身子护着母亲，不让父亲打母亲……林群意的病越来越重，在外人的眼里就是一个疯子了，可是她知道喂养自己的孩子，时刻呵护着自己的孩子……<br /> 后来，腾云祥的父亲去世，母亲动了开颅手术，又从床上摔下来，摔成脑水肿……这个家，苦苦地在岁月里挣扎，滕云祥直到四十岁才说上媳妇，媳妇小王也是个有智障的人，至今连自己岁数都不知道，家里原本就一贫如洗，还要给母亲治病，养活儿子，滕云祥被贫困压得愁眉不展。<br /> 因病致贫，因事致贫，村里七十二家贫困户的情况五花八门，家家都有一本难念的经。<br /> 村里的人们，并没有像秋日的落叶那样，甘心情愿地随风飘零，也曾穷则思变。五个贫困户联手组成了村里唯一的养殖合作社，但是由于缺少运作资金，缺乏科学技术指导，只能雇佣一些老人照管，由于饲养力不从心，很多羊身上里有囊虫，掉毛，吃毛，饲养员不懂小尾寒羊的习性，往往在母羊下了一个羔子后，不知道羊肚子里还有没有分娩的羊羔，导致接羔成活率很低。丰收村人的致富梦想就这样一开始就举步维艰，后来依然举步维艰。<br /> 丰收村出产小米、黄米、黄豆、高粱、荞麦等五谷杂粮，均为一季作物。由于夏日强烈日照、在种植方法上保持着传统方式，这里的杂粮品质十分优良，一直以原生态的口感和营养著称。但是卖粮难，却是丰收村多年以来无法解决的问题。手里的粮食卖不出去，卖出去了卖不上价，也是丰收村村民难以致富的一个原因。<br /> 治病难，住房没有保障，贫困户孩子就学没保障等等诸多的问题，构成了丰收村人面前的一座难以翻越的山。面对这座山，年轻的第一书记惊呆了，犯难了，如此多的问题扑面而来，他真的不知道登山的那条路的第一个台阶在哪里。<br /> 教师出身的王振平，有一个良好的习惯，遇到问题，就去查资料，翻书本，求教于别人的经验。她的妻子曾经是她的同事，也是个优秀的教师，虽然家中有公婆和孩子，都需要她的关爱和照顾，但是她非常理解丈夫的心愿，深明扶贫攻坚的大义，经常和丈夫交流探讨，但凡丈夫忧虑的问题，她都会设身处地，广开思路，为丈夫提供信息和建议。<br /> 想想咱们手里有什么资源吧，妻子提示道。对呀，王振平分管的旗文联，真的是清水衙门，除了四面八方的文学艺术家朋友，还是这些文学艺术家朋友。他们并非腰缠万贯的大款，但是他们的创作影响力，就是最大的财富和资源。2016年，王振平面对冯喜仁一家的状况 ，请来一位文学艺术界朋友，拍摄制作了视频，在水滴平台上为冯喜仁一家发起筹款，筹集到捐款两万三千元万元。虽然这点钱，对于冯喜仁一年十二万的治疗费来说，还是杯水车薪，但是足以让王振平的眼前一亮，脑洞大开，原来在熙熙攘攘的网上森林里，鲜花盛开，阳光流淌，只要你寻觅到通路，爱心就会像奔跑的春风，来到你的身边。2019年，女儿冯小伟突然病重，冯喜仁家的境遇雪上加霜，王振平再次发起网上求助，通过今日头条和水滴平台，呼喊求助，让更多的人听到了这父女二人渴盼救治的声音。他日夜拿着手机，急切地盯着那个一点点一滴滴由小变大的数字，半个月过去了，他的呼唤得到两万六千位爱心人士的响应，筹集到捐款五十四万八千元！王振平在欣慰的同时，十分紧张。他知道自己是使用现代科技手段的新手，操作起来稍不注意，可能出错，筹集到这笔钱的最终目的，是及时让患者得到治疗，一切都需要法律保驾护航。为了能合法及时使用这笔捐款，不出纰漏，他请教专业人士，起早贪黑学习了好一阵子，网上的操作过程，在别人看来已经是很快的了，对于心急如火的王振平来说，却是犹如油煎火燎一般难熬，终于，一切理顺，冯小伟得以到天津血液病医院治疗，很快病情转好，冯喜仁也开始了又一轮的化疗，虽然他每天服用的药需要二百元的费用，但是在大病救助政策之外，有了这笔捐款，彻底解决了他的后顾之忧。<br /> 在这期间，冯喜仁的儿子冯海涛，顺利通过高考。家境濒临绝地，父亲危在旦夕，姐姐重病在身，冯海涛不由万念俱灰，每天无精打采。一个农村贫困家庭的孩子，需要付出多少超常人的努力，才能踏上大学的门槛！王振平想起当年因贫失学的二姐，想起了自己第一次走进大学校园时的心情，便安慰冯海涛说，现在有这么多的好政策，你爹会有人管，你就放心走，到了学校安心学，有困难找王哥。他和冯海涛一起坐在电脑前， 琢磨了几十次，把适应海涛就读的学校、专业、地区和奖补情况，掂量来掂量去，搞定了高考志愿，又一起申请了大学生补助、大学生贷款，直至冯海涛踏上了求学的旅途，王振平才放心。时代给予了自己怎样的帮助，我们相信年轻的冯海涛不会忘记。<br /> 如果说对于冯仁喜一家的帮助，属于一蹴而就，关键在于找到爱心通道，资金来了，问题基本解决，那么王振平对老滕家的帮助可就难上加难了。心地善良，憨厚老实，在重重困难面前勇于追求好日子的滕云祥，表面上看，性格里有一点轴，细思一番，那不是什么轴，而是在他自己都不易察觉的内心深处，依然埋藏着岁月留下的伤痕。光阴荏苒，时代步步更新，记忆常常恍若隔世，像旧电影的镜头般飞快地闪现，在与现实的撞击中，犹如隐形的乌云，遮挡住了老滕前行的目光。<br /> 老滕二十岁上，母亲精神失常，父亲也病重，在家种地已经不能养家，他只好远行到锡林格勒草原，放羊打草，把挣到的钱一分不剩地捎回家，让一家人过活。我见过和他一样在草原上打工放羊的农民，夏天风沙干旱，肌肤曝露，连皱纹里都是沙子，只有一条脏兮兮的旧毛巾围在脖子上，算是劳保用品，冬天，放羊的鞭子上落一口吐沫，即刻结冰，太阳出来了，像个画饼挂在天上，空气里依然除了冷就是雪，放眼望去，天和地扣在一起，犹如没有缝的大冰柜，羊群混在雪原上，被雪吞没，感觉唯一会动的就是自己。收牧了，把羊赶进圈，回到蒙古包，点燃牛粪，喝上一口奶茶，已是夜半。所以，我想老滕是遭过罪的人，对于劳作，他是不怕的。 但是从他的故事里，我们总是能感觉到一丝畏葸，一丝歉疚。<br /> 我来到老滕家的那天，王振平也在场。上半场，老滕给我讲家史，下半场，大家讲老滕。当初老滕一贫如洗，母亲每个月要花几百块治病，儿子上学每月也要花几百块钱。那状况大家可以想象<br /> 现在，老滕满脸笑容，言辞质朴，只有感谢二字不绝于口，还特地告诉我，他听王书记的听对了。<br /> 王振平说，我也曾被他们两口子的孝顺感动……<br /> 这样的一个贫病交加的家里，每每会出现这样的情景——老母亲生病了，需要静脉点滴，一扎针，老人便十分紧张，于是犯病，不管不顾地拼命往外跑，那失控的力气一般人拦不住。这时候，滕云祥两口子，就一人抱住母亲的上身，另一个人保住母亲的两腿，一抱就是几天几夜，直到治疗结束，把医护人员都感动得落泪。 <br /> 跑，已经成了林群意的本能，甚至在刚刚做完开颅手术之际，也会从病床上起身跑出去。<br /> 这是当初落下的心结魔障。忍受屈辱之时，她无数次地逃跑过，又被找回来责打，所以，逃跑这个想法，每一天都在她心底悸动。人们说是怜悯之心人皆有之，然而久病床前无孝子，身边有一个这样一个疯疯癫癫的人，一般人很难做到初心不改，只有深深地理解她的人，才能始终如一地照顾她，保护她。在滕云祥一家人的心里，这个老人，不是拖累，而是心尖上的宝贝。<br /> 小于滕云祥十三岁的妻子王铃梅，虽然永远说不清自己的年龄多大，见到生人从不敢说话，眼神空洞，看似失魂落魄，好像对这个世界一无所知。但是她在老人面前却是个好儿媳，老太太每天吃好穿暖，收拾得干干净净，有她的一份功劳，难怪，当我们一行到她家的时候，她直愣愣地坐在我们面前，滕云祥看看她，眼光却是那么疼爱。<br /> 滕云祥的儿子健康懂事，正在上高中，杨明霞告诉我，奶奶的小帽子，小丝巾，都是他给奶奶买的，她知道奶奶一辈子都爱美，即使是犯病的时候，也把知道穿戴整齐。人们说奶奶是个魔症，可是奶奶只要见到她的大孙子，立刻、永远都是笑容满面。我看到一张照片，是这祖孙俩的合影，孙子搂着奶奶自拍，奶奶带着过生日的王冠，沉醉在幸福之中。无疑，没有爱，老太太不可能活到现在。归根结底，是有孝心的滕云祥营造了家里的氛围，给全家人做了一个好榜样。<br /> 滕云祥在村里人缘极好，哪家有活儿，他都带着媳妇去帮忙，还总是抢着最脏最累的活干。乡亲们纷纷夸奖滕云祥人好厚道。一些高龄老人，还记得浩劫年代的一些往事，说滕云祥随他的病妈妈，她妈妈没有病的时候，见人不笑不说话，不管见到谁家的孩子，都要把自己孩子手里的食物分出来一些给他吃，可惜了……<br /> 滕云祥这个好人，是在母亲的苦难里，懂得了一定要做个好人。<br /> 老滕一家的故事，整日在王振平的心里翻腾，如何把这个故事终结，帮住他们一家创造一个幸福的新故事呢？想来想去，王振平想到了养羊这个项目上。老滕以前放过羊，虽然当年的草原游牧和如今的棚圈养殖有很大区别，但是对他来说，没有隔行如隔山的难题。他和老滕一商量，老滕同意了。经过审核，老滕得到了扶贫专项款的支持。 <br /> 老滕乐了。白雪团儿似的基础母羊进家了，咩咩的叫声，让院子里立马有了生气，数数，一只、两只……一共二十五只，还有一只又高又壮的种公羊。王振平给老滕算了一笔账，一个羔子卖八百元，这个品种的小尾寒羊，一胎可以下两羔子，一年下来收入个三两万，应该是没有问题的，正常情况下，老滕家脱贫指日可待。<br /> 同时，王振平给老滕一家三口申请了低保，为老滕的儿子申请了三千元的助学金。恰好旗政府在丰收村创办了一个脱贫攻坚讲习所，对全旗村民进行思想文化和农业技术培训，王振平让老滕参加养羊的技术培训班，老滕说，那时候在草地放羊，夏天往有水有草的地方一撒，看着别让狼进群就得了，雪天赶着羊群找马蹄子踏过的地方就有草吃了，剩下的我啥也不懂， 科技指导员来讲课，那就是天上掉下了及时雨，万万不能错过。便穿戴得整整齐齐，去了。<br /> 这厢王振平正忙得团团转。一方面要把村里的党建工作抓到实处，成立联合党支部后，推行固定党日、党员集中学习，营造心往一处想，劲往一处使的氛围，自己带头讲党课，倡导开展以“振兴乡村，支部引领，党员带头”的活动，让中央脱贫攻坚重大举措，在全村上下每一个村民心里落地生根。另一方面要按照上级的安排，承担农民讲习所的管理和教务工作。为了不断调动农民积极性，让他们参与到文明乡村的建设中来，王振平还学习外地经验，在旗委宣传部的支持下，创办了丰收村爱心超市……<br /> 工作千千万，就看干不干。王振平从陌生到熟悉，从不知道怎么下手，到一件事一件落实到位，体会了有条件上，没有条件创造条件也要上的不易，也获得了成功的喜悦。总之，忙起来了，动起来了，就没有闲下来的空了，说的是驻村干部五天四宿在村里，双休日回家休息，对王振平来说，一个月四周，能回家一次，已经是常态了。每当双休日，上头没有督查考核，他总是在村民的家里地里转，哪个村民家有什么事，他总是比这户村民的亲戚知道的还早。他给村民办的好事越多，村民便越信任他，每天找他的人一个接一个，他们向他求助的事，也是五花八门，各式各样，甚至让他哭笑不得。什么小公鸡见面掐架，掐得满鸡圈都是鸡毛和鸡血；什么热水器放不出水来怎么办，放出来的洗澡水冰凉怎么办；什么上了农民讲习所，发现以前和婆婆打仗，赌气回了娘家，现在一想不对了，想回来，婆家不来人接怎么办……<br /> 这不，半夜三更的，电话又响了。他拿起手机一看，是老滕，有一阵子没去老滕家了，莫不是老太太有啥不好？<br /> 老滕在那头都带哭腔了。王书记啊，不好了，我得报个案。<br /> 什么？什么事？老滕语无伦次，看来是太着急了：我家羊……我家羊死了一地，个个都是大母羊，说话就揣羔子了……<br /> 王振平一听也急了，咋死的，受伤了？羊圈进狼了？<br /> 不是，不是，是有人投毒了。<br /> 怎么可能？<br /> 王振平一个翻身起来，一边穿衣服，一边深一脚浅一脚地往老滕家跑。<br /> 果然，六只大母羊倒在圈里，体温还有，眼睛还水汪汪的，但是的确已经死了。说话间，又有两只母羊在抽搐蹬腿，很快也停止了呼吸。<br /> 王振平按按羊肚子，发现都是膨胀的。<br /> 老滕急得原地打转转，接着像晕倒了似的，一屁股坐在了草堆里。<br /> 半晌，老滕才冒出一句话：“都怪我爹当年伤人太狠了……”<br /> 老滕非要去报案。看着一地死羊，找不到什么原因。他的直觉里，这就是一种报复，村里当年的老人还在，他们还记着当时受到的伤害，怎么会愿意看着老滕家过上好日子呢。童年的记忆已经造成了深深的负罪感，成了老滕心中治不好的伤。<br /> 王振平年轻，他的头脑里没有那不可饶恕的岁月，一时有点发懵。不知道说什么才好。但是他觉得投毒的说法太荒唐，抬头看看，羊圈里还真安装着摄像头。于是他说，老滕大哥，天亮了，咱们先找兽医，保住活着的羊。<br /> 找来了兽医，解剖了死羊，老滕傻了。原来是他用喂猪的方法喂羊铸成的大错。羊的胃适合吃草反刍，可以加一些玉米秸和粮食合成的精饲料，但不能用其替代饲草。老滕的羊，全部吃精饲料，导致胃酸过多。兽医打开羊肚子一看，胃粘膜全部脱落，羊就是这个原因死的。<br /> 俗话说，吃一堑长一智，老滕懂得了科技的重要性，每天精心照看他的羊，三天两头，就给村里的技术指导员打个电话，请教一下。他的手机是广东的亲戚淘汰的老款机，装手机的皮套，是他在垃圾堆里捡来的，他把手机放在皮套里，系在腰上，非常自信地说，管它新的旧的，只要能找到王书记，找到技术指导员，就是最好的手机！他养羊有了收益，后来一想，反正也是不出院门的活计，索性又抓了一只母猪养起来，果然是猪肥羊壮，猪仔羊羔满圈。到了2017年底，一算账，收入了一万多元。老滕拿了几张百元大钞给母亲，神志不清的母亲恍若梦醒，一把抓过了钞票，要儿子藏起来，苦难的记忆像挥之不去的病毒，时刻让她处于处于恐惧和戒备中。<br /> 这一来，老滕家的院子就显小了，恰好房子后面还有一块空地，王振平建议老滕盖个带棚的大羊圈。老滕现在是彻底服了，王振平说什么他都接受，他说凡是王振平给他出的道，都是亮堂堂的好道。他仰起满是皱纹和汗珠子的脸 ，像孩子依赖大人似的问王振平：“书记，没钱咋办?”<br /> 是啊，没钱咋办。王振平帮助老滕撰写好清晰客观的信息，在中国社会扶贫网上发起社会众筹，一夜之间，就得到了广泛的关注，内蒙古互联网＋社会扶贫信息中心的负责人，第一时间联系了王振平和滕云祥，并联系滕讯新闻摄影团队，到敖汉丰收村，现场拍摄了滕云祥一家的生活生产状况，在他们的联手推动下，两万块钱迅速到位，羊圈盖起来了，宽敞暖和，羊不用踩着自己的屎尿走来走去了。老滕说，这样养的羊，肉不膻。<br /> 王振平放心了，转身投入了紧张的工作之中。<br /> 自从2016年驻村以来，他就帮助村里的建宇农民种植合作社，流转土地一千余亩，种植有机小米，使带动一百五十三户农民增收，令贫困户四十三人直接受益，他又开始筹备将贫困户种的有机杂粮杂粮大黄米，交由合作社统一包装销售，让建宇牌小米登堂入室，通过淘宝、天猫拼、多多走到全国消费者的生活中。<br /> 敖汉旗脱贫攻坚讲习所成立以来，一直由王振平具体负责，两年多的时间里，已经培训来自全旗的四千多名贫困户，扶贫先扶志，王振平安排的课程，总是使用接地气的方式，让贫困户改变乐因循守旧的观念，看到社会主义新农村的光明前景，同时学会了新的农业生产技能。<br /> 对于村里的贫困户各式各样的困难，他带领工作队的同志们，不遗余力，想方设法，一一解决，先后通过赤峰市和敖汉旗残联，帮助丰收村的残疾人落实了培训项目，解决了三十台轮椅，二十台坐便器，二十个助听器，一一发放到需要者的手里。还特别为残疾人刘瑞亮安装了价值九万余元的假肢，为残疾的张楚晗小朋友落实了就学问题。<br /> 丰收村的每天都有喜人的变化，每一户贫困家庭，都体验到了天天都是好日子的滋味儿， 王振平的心里无比欣慰，每天忙得不亦乐乎。<br /> 两不愁三保障，危房改造是一项硬指标。半农半牧地区的农民，骨子里是不大注重建房子的，我在赤峰所见，历史上除了王爷府，几乎见不到一般人家留下来的像样的老屋祖屋，移民而来的农民，一来就是弄个小窝棚委身其中，把心思都用在开荒种地上，民以食为天，而后才是住与行，好几百年，这里农民的吃饱饭的问题，是在改革开放之后才有所改善，所以他们特别能将就，有个破烂不堪的土房茅舍遮风挡雨，便心安理得了。他们还有一个小心眼儿，不愿意动用手里好不容易存下的那几个钱，我在很多村子都听说了这种情况，有的农民直接就说了：“如果国家把钱包了，我们痛快就扒（旧房）。”<br /> 拆房子的事阻力重重。有的人家说，重建的房子不如原来大，儿女过年过节回来，没地方住；有的人家说老两口活不了多少年了，没必要改善住房了。王振平没想倒的是，最大的一个难题，竟然出现会出现在老滕家。<br /> 村干部和工作队一进院，老滕就一个不拆，两个不拆地打断了干部们的话，他媳妇王玲梅，不知道啥时候，把家里一些看着值钱的东西死死抱在怀里，好像干部们会把她家的东西给扔出门外，强拆他们家的房子似的，正说着话，精神病老奶奶，手执一把水果刀，猛然就冲了出来，她的劲头没人拦得住，大家无功而返。<br /> 问题还是在老滕身上，可能是他的思想没有转过弯来。这两年卖羊，他手里有个一两万是没问题的，但是他不想花，死攥着，就怕有个为难遭灾的时候两手空空。对生活的没有安全感，他的精神世界，依然处于几十年留下的阴影里。<br /> 王振平特意请老滕吃饭，席间有几盅小酒相佐。<br /> 王振平说，老滕哥你不是说，我给你指的都是亮堂道吗？<br /> 老滕说，可不是，没有你的帮助，哪有今天的好日子。<br /> 王振平说，那我让你改建房子，你为啥不听？<br /> 老滕说 ，还不是舍不得手里那一脚踢不倒的两个钱。<br /> 王振平说，你留着钱干啥？你看你院子里的羊多好，以后卖的钱会翻几番。<br /> 老滕说，用钱的时候在后面呢，看病的事儿虽然在你们的帮助下不愁了，儿子还得上学，还得娶媳妇吧？<br /> 一听老滕说娶儿媳妇，王振平不由噗呲一笑——我说老滕哥，就你家现在的破房子，谁家丫头愿意嫁给你们家？咱家儿子好小伙子一个，要是在大学里领个对象回来，敢进咱家的破房子吗？政府给你机会你不把握，有你后悔那一天！<br /> 老滕不吱声，脸通红。<br /> “你难道也想让你儿子跟你当年一样？” <br /> 王振平知道这句话戳老滕的心，想了想还是说了。说完了又有点后悔。<br /> 说到底老滕是明白人，他眼泪在眼眶里转，说，我知道书记为我好。便把手里的酒杯端起来，还是心心念念那点钱：“王书记啊，我可就听你的啦，要是把钱花光了，遇到难处，我还得指望你拯救我……”<br /> 那你就放心吧，有政策在，有这么多共产党员在，哪能让你回到脱贫攻坚前呢。<br /> 二人一饮而尽，事就定下来了。<br /> 老滕事先把老母亲哄到门口的厢房里，安顿好，让她看不到院子里发生的事情。人和机器一起上，那座不堪一击的旧土房很快夷为平地，新房的地基随即开槽。这下老滕家可热闹了，村里人感念老滕两口子为人敦厚，几十年来，谁家有事，他们都跑在前头，如今终于有了回报的机会，一家伙来了一百多人帮忙，上房梁那天，按习惯主家是要请大家酒宴的，乡亲替老滕着想，一个个带着酒，带着肉，带着蔬菜和年糕，喜气洋洋地在老滕的新房子框子里痛饮了一顿。<br /> 两间新房子国家补助四万五，老滕拿出七千多元接了对面屋中间的大厨房。新家宽敞，暖和，干干净净，老太太好像也明白了，当人们把她从厢房里扶出来，她面对着新房子愣愣地站了一会，便乐乐呵呵地进了屋。<br /> 过年的时候，老滕捡了二十块自己做的豆腐，装了二十多个自己种的黄米蒸的粘豆包，至诚至爱地给王振平送到宿舍。<br /> 他贴着王振平的耳朵悄悄地说，从盖房这事儿看，乡亲们没记我们家的过，你看都来帮忙了。<br /> 王振平明白，折磨老滕几十年的阴影消失了。<br /> 疫情来了，老滕没二话，立马掏出了了二百元捐款，放下家里的伙计，参加环境整治的劳动。<br /> 作为第一书记，王振平好不高兴。2015年到2020年，他驻村已经五年，他的计划还有好多没有实现，他觉得在振兴社会主义新农村的道路上，丰收村已经走出了旧故事，而五年来自己做的这些事，正是给丰收村的新故事开了个头。<br /> <br /> == Part 21 ==<br /> 在老书记留下足迹的沙地上……<br /> 老书记叫根登，在1951至1983年间任乌兰敖都嘎查的党支部书记。<br /> 乌兰敖都在哪里？<br /> 乌兰敖都是阿什罕的一个嘎查，阿什罕是翁牛特旗的一个苏木。看内蒙古地图，有一块横跨通辽市和赤峰市地域、面积四万余平方公里的沙地，这就是科尔沁沙地。翁牛特旗就在科尔沁沙地的西侧，阿什罕乃至乌兰敖都嘎查位于其中沙化最严重的一隅。嘎查第一任党支部书记根登，五十年代初在这里带领牧民创建了中国第一个畜牧合作社，开启了治沙伟业。老书记八十年代退休，在1993年过世了，但是好像从来都没有离开这片土地一样，在乌兰敖都的田野牧场，在整个阿什罕的绿洲林地里，你随时可以感觉到他的存在。<br /> 老书记的名字叫根登，是一个贫苦蒙古族牧民的儿子。五十年代起，根登受党组织的指派，只身一人，从五十里开外的故乡海拉苏来到乌兰敖都，那时候乌兰敖都还不是一个村庄，也没有乌兰敖都这个闪光的名字，只是一片牧草稀疏的原始沙地，有十多户牧民在周围放牧， 正是老书记的到来，让这片土地有了党和国家的声音，当老书记终于把周边的十八家牧民召集起来聚居的时候，这里就成了乌兰敖都。乌兰敖都，汉译为红星，意味着新中国的明天与希望。<br /> 当我来到乌兰敖都，阿什罕苏木苏木达僧格，正在乌兰敖都畜牧合作社纪念馆门前等我。一九七六年出生的僧格，年初由苏木达转为党政职责一肩挑，同行的旗委宣传部副部长杨彦冬介绍，僧格是翁牛特旗最年轻的乡镇一把手，十分扎实能干。僧格如数家珍一般介绍老书记的事迹，介绍当年乌兰敖都畜牧合作社的情况。从他的言谈之中 ，听得出来，这个面对脱贫攻坚决胜之战考验的乡镇一把手，这个承接着一代代治沙人未竟事业的蒙古之子，对这块土地完全熟知，对老书记根登怀有无比的敬佩。<br /> 曾经，科尔沁沙地不是沙地，是一片美丽的大草原。这片草原美如翡翠，一碧千里，西拉木伦河、老哈河等无数条银链般的河流，从西北方向的大兴安岭山系发源，一路留下星罗棋布的湖泊和支流，缭绕滋润着这片草原。蓝天白云，牛羊点点，游牧民族逐水草而居，安然生息。然而，清代开始的放垦开荒，将绿丝毯般的草原，划开了第一道伤口，暴露出了草原脆弱的土壤。从此，各种对草原生态损害接踵而来。<br /> 草原的腐殖层实际上只有二十公分不足的厚度，再往下就是沙土了。记得八十年代初，我陪歌唱家胡松华老师和他的夫人张曼茹老师，在呼伦贝尔草原一条自然路上行走，那时候草原上交通还是很落后的，基本都是这种车轮子生生压出来的路。记得汽车底盘中间下面的位置，草照样生长，刷刷地摩擦着汽车底盘，而汽车轮下，草原已经被碾压出了两条一尺深的沙沟。过了三十余年，我和包虎、乌琼两位好友去草原体验生活，无意中聊起了这条路，寻找时，却发现这条路仿佛人间蒸发了似的不见了。牧马人出身的包虎指着不远处的一条沙带告诉我，那就是我们要找的路。跟踪那条沙带，只见它时而是一条无法跨越的沙沟，时而又变成沙尘暄腾四溢的土堆，看起来仍在向两侧弥漫。这长长的，蜿蜒的，曾经被我们诗意地解释为通向天边的路，已经成了草原沙化的引擎，不停地带动着草原的裂口，引来无休止的扩张。附近可能是有人在草原上挖过草药，还有个狐狸洞，包虎说，如果明年再来看这些痕迹，就是一片沙地，最低是原来的几倍。 <br /> 科尔沁草原，经历了多年的农耕介入、人口密集化，便如此这般地变成了大沙地。牧草稀疏，河流萎缩或者干涸，只有沙尘肆无忌惮，成了这片土地上无处不在的暴君。有几个顺口溜，这样描绘阿什罕——乌兰敖都一带的生活场景： “一年一场风，从春刮到冬，羊儿上房，白天黑天都点灯”。沙土把房子全覆盖成了土丘，羊顺势上了房看不见草，便咩咩地叫；一天到晚风沙遮天蔽日，不点灯屋里和黑夜一样。人们说，头年的坟墓，第二年清明扫墓，不一定能找到。<br /> 因此，科尔沁沙地的脱贫攻坚，永远不能离开保护恢复自然生态这个主题，没有好的生态，牛羊吃什么，喝什么，地里能长出来什么？何谈富裕？换句话说，只有在生态良好的背景下的脱贫致富，才是值得宣传弘扬的。<br /> 仿佛已经十分遥远，也似就在眼前——一匹快马的剪影从远处的沙丘岗上慢慢飘来，马背上的人英姿挺拔，精悍矍铄，他穿过沙海，去寻找游牧在外的每一户牧民。那时候一场沙尘袭来，往往吞噬掉地表所有的人居标识，蒙古牧人所居住的蹦蹦房，低矮，呈半圆形，是用稀牛粪糊在柳条框架上制建的，人住在里面，寒冷，怕雨，还很容易被风沙埋住。根登来到乌兰敖都，第一个任务，是召集牧民，团结起来和风沙作斗争，他走遍了方圆上百里，寻找到流散于岌岌可危之中的十八户牧民 ，组成了乌兰敖都嘎查畜牧业生产合作社。而修复沙化的草原，首先要让人有一个可以抵御风沙的房子，再不能让牧民风餐露宿，住蹦蹦房了！于是他提议盖房子，要建结实、保暖、风雨无惧的居所，要让牧民安居而乐业。<br /> 乌兰敖都附近有一座石头山，只有那里可取盖房子打地基的石材。当根登书记组织大家上山采石的时候，居然无一人响应。大家难道不想有个像样的房子住吗？当然不是。那是因为什么呢？这要从蒙古族的文化理念说起。简单地说，蒙古人信奉的传统萨满教认为，天人合一，万物平等，他们对待自然的态度，是敬畏，是顺从，由于来自有大兴安岭深山，他们保留着敬山的传统，另一方面，赤峰一带的牧民多年受到佛教的影响，在自己的传统文化理念里，融入了生死轮回，因果报应的意识。人们认为此山是圣山，必须诚惶诚恐，不能不恭不敬，所以不愿意去采石。怎么办，难道让盖房建村，成为空空的梦想？这时候老书记听到大家在传说一件事，说是这座石山上，有许多狐狸洞，野生狐狸成群，其中有一只白色的大狐狸，长毛飘飘，仙姿妙曼，被人们传说得神乎其神，说是谁要动了白狐狸的毫毛，就会遭到天谴，以至人们放牧的时候，都不敢靠近那座石山。这个传说，提醒了根登老书记，他告诉牧民们，真的遭天谴，就让我一人承担，大家放心吧。便只身一人，横枪跃马，上了山，山上果然是狐狸的大本营，他没有费什么周折，就猎杀了一只白狐狸。他把白狐狸的皮张挂在村里的树杈上，任其随风飘扬，慢慢风干，而自己如常工作劳动，时间慢慢过去，乡亲们一看，并没有什么天谴的迹象，明白了从前的传言并不真实。根登书记趁热打铁，反复做乡亲们的工作，让他们放下思想负担，随即带领党员和积极分子，率先上山动土采石，慢慢得到乡亲们的响应。大半年过去，牧民们笑逐颜开地住进了新房子。一个崭新的嘎查中流砥柱一般坐落在茫茫的沙海上。<br /> 冬天来了，气温在一点点下降，家家户户把牛羊圈起来，用牛粪烧热了火炕，围坐在小炕桌旁，嚼着奶干、奶豆腐、肉干，躲避着窗外的严寒和飞雪。可是老书记说，冷一点，再冷一点，冷得还是不太够……这是为了什么呢？原来，黄沙的侵入，不仅吞没了萋萋芳草，也导致草原上的很多河流断流，地下水下沉。乌兰敖都的房子建起来了，可是吃水的问题还没有解决。平日牧民吃水，饮牛羊，需要到很远的地方去拉水，途中风沙弥漫，烈日严寒，非常艰难。所以，老书记就动了在村里打井的心思。这之前，没有谁见过怎样在沙地里打井，大家毫无经验。天气暖和的季节他们便开工了，那时候打井不比现在有机器施工，全靠人工挖深坑，直到见到地下水，结果由于沙子不停流动，坑没挖多深，就被流沙埋住了，好不容易挡住了流沙，井口又塌方了，人在下面挖土很是危险，随时有被埋住的危险，弄得人们只好长叹一声，放下了手里的工具。<br /> 根登书记知道，水的问题不解决，即使有再好的房子，总有一天，人也不得不带着畜群离开这里，沙地很快会退化为原样，拼着性命创建的一切必将转瞬而逝。老书记就是这么个咬定青山不放松的人，他并没有被困难吓倒，开始组织大家实施冬季打井。别看沙坨子表面松软，两锹铲除浮沙，下面冻得杠杠硬。没有机器，全靠镐头刨，一镐头下去也就一个白茬，大家的手掌虎口都震裂了，打了半个月，也没打到两米深，人们不是失望而是绝望了，甚至流下眼泪。没有水，意味着什么，大家心里都非常清楚。老书记的法宝，就是毛主席的教导。他给大家讲起了愚公移山的故事：“太行、王屋两座大山,四面各七百里,高达七八千丈， 北山脚下有个叫愚公的人,年纪将近九十岁了,面对着山居住，进进出出曲折绕远.于是愚公召集全家人来商量说：“我和你们用尽全力铲平险峻的大山,使它一直通到豫州南部,到达汉水南岸,好吗?”大家纷纷表示赞同他的意见。愚公的妻子提出疑问说：“凭你的力量，怎能把太行、王屋这两座山怎么样呢?况且把土石放到哪里去呢?”大家纷纷说：“把土石扔到渤海的边上,”愚公于是带领三个能挑担子的子孙,凿石头,挖泥土,用箕畚运土送到渤海的边上。邻居的寡妇带着刚七八岁的孤儿,来帮助他们。冬夏换季,才往返一次。<br /> 河曲的智叟讥笑着阻止愚公说：“你太不聪明了，凭你的余年剩下的力气,连山上的一根草都不能毁掉,又能把泥土和石头怎么样?”北山愚公长叹一声说：“你思想顽固,顽固到不能改变的地步,竟然比不上寡妇和小孩子.即使我死了,还有儿子在呀；儿子又生孙子,孙子又生儿子；子子孙孙是没有穷尽的,可是山不会增高加大,愁什么挖不平?”河曲智叟没有话来回答。<br /> 神听说了这件事,怕愚公不停地挖下去,向天帝报告了这件事。天帝被他的诚心感动,命令夸娥氏的两个儿子背走了两座山”<br /> 大伙说，老书记，你这讲的是个瞎话儿。老书记说不是瞎话儿，是毛主席著作里面写的。不信，我给你们念一念。<br /> 一听这是毛主席著作里面说的，大家说，毛主席的话，字字是真理，句句是明灯，我们听！顿时士气大增。大家烧火化冻，编柳条墙挡沙，夜以继日，连续奋战，挖出的沙土越积越高，坑越挖越深，渐渐地，上面看不到井底下的挖井人了。两个月过去了，眼看要过年了，挖下去的坑深达十几米，还是没有见到地下水。人心乱了，人性当中的某些不善开始显现，有人说，根登你这是得罪了长生天了，拐搭着全嘎查人跟着你没水吃，个别人甚至扬言，再不出水，就把根登埋在井底。看到牧民们情绪波动，根登老书记就把人们召集到一起，对大家说，从现在开始我一人下去挖，如果再不出水，你们就把我埋在井底下。正是数九寒天，大雪铺天盖地，吐口唾沫都成冰。我们的老书记根登，系紧了蒙古袍的腰带，把大襟掖到腰带上，手持火把，钻进了黑洞洞的井下。牧民感动了，叹服了，他们死守在井口，无数眼睛紧盯着系在老书记身上的绳子，绳子只要稍微有一刻不动了，他们就吓得汗一把泪一把……突然，那根上面牵着人们的心，下面牵着老书记性命的绳子开始剧烈抖动起来，人们慌了，有人喊起来，不好了出事儿了！也有人喊，快使劲，把根登拽上来，可能是见水了……大家齐心协力，把一个浑身湿漉漉的根登书记，拽了上来。根登书记说进去挖了好久，才见到湿土，最后一镐下去，地下水就像开锅了似地涌了上来。第一眼井就这样打成功了，乌兰敖都人再也不用犯愁了，好日子开始了！ <br /> 讲到这里，僧格苏木达非常激动。他带着我们来到当年老书记当年打下的这口井前。<br /> 如今虽然自来水早已通到了家家户户，但是这口井依然被乌兰敖都人精心保护着，我俯身往下一看，井深处一泓碧水，倒映着宁静的天空。僧格说，我们的老书记，就是这样一个可敬可爱的人，就是这样一个一心为民的共产党员，他老人家虽然已经故去多年，但是他的精神从来都没有离开这片土地。老师您在嘎查里随便走走，每一个乌兰敖都人都会告诉你老书记的故事。<br /> <br /> 僧格接着说，有这样的老书记在前面做榜样，老百姓时常是要在心里比一比的，他们手里的标尺就是老书记。所以，在阿什罕这个地方干工作，我们必须不忘初心，牢记使命，扎扎实实，拿真章，出新招，让广大群众不仅经济上脱贫致富，还要他们扩视野，开脑洞，就像当年跟着老书记治沙一样，让大家紧紧地围绕在党和政府周围，落实政策，获得收益。<br /> 他告诉我，阿什罕苏木总土地面积为一百四十五万亩，其中沙地一百一十七万亩。三十多年以来，苏木历届党政班子，面对严峻的现实，都是以老书记为榜样，将生态建设作为刻不容缓的工作来抓。老书记就像一颗红星，闪耀在阿什罕人的小康之路的前方。人进沙退，阿什罕人在在沙地上的征战，一刻都没有停止。<br /> 随着僧格苏木达的引导，我走进了展馆，也走进了那些在历史中依然熠熠闪光故事，每一个展品，每一张图片，都在为我讲述着当年那个手捧红星，甘洒热血书写草原新篇的老书记，讲述着那些在风沙中顽强地睁着眼睛，在故乡的土地上流血流汗的乌兰敖都人。<br /> 1951年9月9日，毛泽东主席在北京主持召开了全国第一次农业互助合作会议，讨论并通过了《中共中央关于农业生产互助的决议(草案)》，要求各级党委根据生产发展的需要和可能的条件，按照积极发展，稳步前进的方针和自愿互利的原则，逐步引导农民走集体化道路。这个《决议(草案)》，是党的第一个关于农业合作化的纲领性文件，在1953年3月修改后，正式公开发表。映入我眼帘的第一张图片，就是这个文件的放大版。<br /> 老书记根登同志正是以党中央这个决议为指路明灯，带领十八户贫苦牧民于1952年4月1日办起了中国第一个畜牧业合作社———乌兰敖都牧业社。他带领全体党员，通过认真细致的群众思想工作，先后发动五十余户，三百余人参加到合作社中来，把牧户土地、草牧场等整合划归到一起，将各家的牛、羊、车、马、农具等作价入股，共同经营，年终按股金分红；并根据社员劳动质量实行评工记分制，到年末，合作社除去生产费、农业税和提取的公益金、公积金后，按工分来分红。据记载，合作社集体收益最多时能够达二十万元。在根登书记的引领带动下，这个合作社为模范样板，翁牛特旗陆续办起了十二个这样的畜牧业生产合作社。1955年, 毛泽东亲笔为《翁牛特旗建立了十二个畜牧业生产合作社,使牲畜大为发展起来》这篇文章写了按语，“这一篇写得很好,可供一切畜牧业合作社参考”。1956年这篇文章载入了《中国农村的社会主义高潮》一书，1958年，国务院授予乌兰敖都畜牧业合作社“农业社会主义建设先进单位”荣誉称号。<br /> 我看到了毛泽东在这篇文章上的亲笔批示影印件，一种久久埋藏在心底的深情升腾而起，不由我眼里满含热泪。全心全意为人民服务，人民群众的幸福生活，是中国共产党人为之浴血奋战的伟大理想！战争年代结束了，新的国家诞生了，在毛泽东那流畅遒劲的书法中，一笔一划无不让我感到，我们党的伟大领袖，这个将自己一切都无私奉献给了中国老百姓的人，当他看到中国的农牧民终于走上了社会主义光明大道的时候，那种喜上眉梢，豪情澎湃的心情。<br /> 根登书记带领乌兰敖都人创造了很多第一。为了保障冬季牲畜的饲草料，他首创了夏秋围封牧场的做法，把繁茂的牧草留到冬季，解决了由来已久的牲畜过冬难的问题。从1956年春，根登书记开始带领牧民进行治沙大会战，全靠手工挖地播种，种下抗沙植物八百亩，在沙漠造林一千亩 ，将三千亩流动沙丘改造成为优良草牧场，并在沙地上栽植了枣树，葡萄，苹果等经济林，使乌兰敖都成为大沙地上第一个绿色的亮点，也通过绿化后的沙地为牧民们赢得了可喜的收入。<br /> 沙地变绿了，集体经济开始壮大，为了改善牧民的生活水平，在根登老书记带领下，合作社先后办起了缝纫厂、乳粉厂、酿酒厂、修配厂，还建起了沼气池。在遥远闭塞的草原深处，在落后贫困的生活状况中，他们创造了崭新的好日子。我看见了，照片上旧日的蹦蹦房，茅草房，也看见了牧民在沙地工厂里劳动的情景；我看见了整体搬到馆内的当初老书记的故居，真的是简朴到现在的人们无法想象，报纸糊墙，唯一的家具就是那张油漆脱落的小炕桌，僧格苏木达告诉我，老书记直到去世，一直在乌兰敖都嘎查过着一个普通农民的生活。我还看到，合作社的工厂却是另一番气派——酿酒的蒸馏器，加工面粉的电磨，十数台脚踏缝纫机，院子里的东方红拖拉机，马拉收割机，都是当时最先进的，最高档的。<br /> 僧格苏木达徐徐道来——日子越过越红火，乌兰敖都社员的集体主义精神越高涨，干劲倍增，每一个人都把希望和幸福和合作社连在一起，他们自力更生，艰苦奋斗，用辛勤的汗水，浇灌着社会主义新牧区的田园。那时候，乌兰敖都合作社社员们的平均工资可观，已经高过当地普通干部的收入，家家户户都住进了有玻璃窗和电灯的新房，许多社员家里买上了收音机，缝纫机，钟表，挂钟，乌兰敖都的小伙子成了周边草原姑娘们心中的金鞍骏马。<br /> 2016年，阿什罕苏木政府为弘扬乌兰敖都畜牧合作社的光荣传统，在原乌兰敖都嘎查老村部院落基础上复原建立了这个纪念馆，真实地再现了乌兰敖都畜牧业合作社从酝酿建立到发展壮大的全过程。这个陈列馆所保留的既是历史的记忆，也是老书记留下的宝贵精神财富，激励着草原上的人们继续前行。 <br /> 我站在根登书记的照片下，久久仰望。根登同志，1950年加入中国共产党，1952年带领十八户贫苦牧民办起牧区第一个牧业合作社，先后担任合作社主任、大队党支部副书记、书记，多次被评为旗、盟、热河省、内蒙古自治区劳动模范，两次被评为全国劳动模范，十次出席省、自治区、全国农牧业先进集体代表会议。1957年2月，根登参加了全国七千人劳模大会，并在中南海受到了毛泽东、周恩来、邓小平、彭德怀等党和国家领导人的接见。此后，又在1958年、1959年、1967年三次受到毛泽东等中央领导的接见；1978年2月，根登受到华国锋、叶剑英、邓小平等中央领导的接见；1981年11月，受到邓小平等中央领导的接见。1978年根登当选为五届全国政协委员 。 <br /> 僧格苏木达说，到阿什罕，还必须要到沙地里走一走看一看，才能理解根登老书记当年的苦心，才能感受到新一代阿什罕人誓将黄沙变绿野的雄心壮志。阿什罕苏木党委和政府带领广大农牧民群众，通过治沙，令百万亩沙丘旧貌变新颜，使得一大批贫困户脱贫摘帽，阿什罕苏木所辖的乌兰敖都嘎查，昔日辉煌重现，今日尽显新貌。听了僧格苏木达的介绍，我不由心向往之。<br /> 车沿穿沙公路慢行，窗外是碧蓝的天，洁白的云，布满草木的沙原呈现无边的金色，虽然正值初冬，我看不见绿野繁花的景象，但是我凭借对草原的熟知，慢慢地从一片金黄中辨识出了不同的草木。最多的应该是白拧条、黄柳、沙打旺等，看来固沙治沙，还得依靠这些草原本土的耐寒耐旱植物。从草木植被的密度看，科尔沁沙地虽然流动性大，但是有机质含量较高，只要把沙子固定住，植物的成活率还是很高的。可谓，治理前，白沙茫茫，草原千疮百孔，一片荒芜，治理后，绿海无垠，大野芳菲，到处生机盎然。<br /> 阿什罕苏木因治沙成果显著，先后荣获全国防沙治沙先进集体荣誉称号、内蒙古自治区民族团结进步模范集体称号，乌兰敖都嘎查被评为全国民族团结进步模范集体，阿什罕的治沙成果还引起了了联合国的关注，有的国家慕名派人到这里参现学习，把阿什罕的经验带到了四面八方。<br /> 僧格苏木达介绍，阿什罕苏木总土地面积的百分之八十都是沙地，当地曾流传这样的顺口溜，“人迷眼，马失蹄，白天点灯不稀奇”，道出了当时恶劣的沙化环境。从2009年起阿什罕人以老书记为榜样，使用“一路治沙”模式，打响了治沙攻坚战，先后修通了三条总长一百余公里的穿沙公路。经过几年建设，植被覆盖率由过去的21.9%，增加到60%。全苏木一百一十七万亩沙化土地，均得到了有效的控制和综合治理。为了这片绿洲，一代代治沙人贡献了最宝贵的青春芳华，奉献了全部的力量和智慧。几年来，苏木采取超常规举措，打造现代生态产业集群，在生态扶贫方式等方面，进行了大胆创新，创造了一个符合苏木实际的特色扶贫治富模式。<br /> 目前全苏木沙地上的公益林达到十八万亩，其中十二万亩归贫困户所有，年公益林补助资金二百余万元，苏木的一千一百多贫困人口，人均获利一千余元；全苏木共招聘护林员八十四名，其中包括四十六名贫困户，他们每人年收入达一万元；苏木投资近百万元，从吉林引进加工设备，在苏木六个嘎查各安装一条生产线，把含高蛋白的白柠条等沙生植物加工成饲草料，全苏木有白柠条面积六十余万亩，通过隔年倒茬生态良性循环方式，分三批平茬，一年二十万亩，一亩可获利二百元，这样一年可创产值四千余万元，让群众获利；苏木投入资金二百多万元，高标准建设了乌兰敖都嘎查宝门银沙海生态旅游景区，带动一百多贫困户发展肉食、奶食、民族刺绣等产业，户均年增收一万余元，实现了旅游精准扶贫，达到共同富裕的目标。<br /> 僧格苏木达随手从地下捡起一些他们种下的植物残枝落叶，一一告诉我哪一种可以做牛羊饲料，是如何原生态又富于营养；哪一种可以编织柳条手工艺，在国际市场上广受青睐，哪一种可以加工成建筑材料……这片绿洲已经给予了深爱故乡、治沙不止的阿什罕人丰厚的回报。 <br /> 在陪同我参观的过程中，我多次听到僧格苏木达的电话铃声响起，他太忙了，总有处理不完的事情，解决不完的问题。自从开始脱贫攻坚决胜之战，他不仅一天都没有休息过，还要把一天二十四个小时当成四十八个小时使用，已经数不清开了多少个会，多少次踏入贫苦户的家门。干工作，他主张民字为本、实字为先、干字当头，自己首先身体力行，为了提高工作效率，他要求苏木食堂每天早晨提前一个小时开饭，吃饭时部署当天任务；晚上听取各工作队工作情况汇报，为第二天工作如何开展及早谋划。为了重点解决“两不愁、三保障”方面存在的问题，他统领全体干部，对苏木一千九百五十六户常住户开展了四次一户不落的全面摸排调查工作，共发现危房改造、安全饮水、健康扶贫、道路交通、电力保障等影响高质量脱贫方面的问题三十六个，他一方面及时召开班子会研究解决办法，一方面积极与上级有关部门联系沟通，促使问题全部得到解决。<br /> 僧格苏木达深知，贫困群众自身创业门路不多，市场风险大等，于是实施了“党支部+合作社+基地+贫困户”的运作模式,以六十二家产业园、专业合作组织、家庭牧场和养殖大户为抓手，推动整个苏木舍饲高效畜牧业迅速发展。牧业年度牲畜存栏达到15.079万头只， 同时拉动地区民族手工艺品、绿色肉奶产品走向外埠市场；还通过政府补贴形式在那林高勒嘎查新建两千亩高标准绿色有机水稻基地，通过深加工精包装，品牌打造出售，使牧民人均增收一千五百元以上。针对苏木地广人稀，居住分散的情况，他积极想办法，多方协调，为全苏木六个嘎查、二十二个自然村全部修通了硬化路，为八十五户沙漠深处的牧民安装上风光互补发电设备，解决了他们的用电问题。他带领全苏木七千多党员干部和牧民群众，为打赢脱贫攻坚战奋力拼搏 ，2018年达到四个重点贫困嘎查全部出列，2019年底， 阿什罕高日苏嘎查代表苏木接受了市级初审，以零问题的成绩得到肯定。高日苏、珠日干格日两个嘎查接受了自治区第三方评估验收和国家成效考核，均取得较好成绩。全苏木共有四百八十户、一千一百六十名贫困群众如期脱贫，贫困发生率下降至0.09%<br /> “脚下沾有多少泥沙，心中就有多少真情。”初冬的夕阳映照着僧格苏木达黝黑的脸庞，草屑沾满了他的裤腿，泥沙覆盖了他的双脚。战斗正未有穷其，路漫漫兮修远，他的眼睛里充满憧憬和豪情，按照党中央国务院的要求，脱贫不摘帮扶，扶贫攻坚决胜之年，新农村振兴的蓝图已经展现在阿什罕的大地上，在中国走向辉煌的历史的进程中，老书记根登的脚印历历在目，新书记僧格任重而道远。 <br /> 当我们趟过灌木草丛，离开阿什罕治沙现场的时候，天地无垠，万籁俱寂，这里的草原静悄悄。但是我知道这里的每一个生命都没有沉睡，都在冬天里无声地成长，我闭上眼睛，眼前浮现出一片萋萋沃野，玫紫色的羊柴，被我们草原孩子称为鸡蛋花的白拧条花，像小米般一粒粒鹅黄淡紫的草苜蓿花，还有那隐于草丛中山兔、狐狸、野鸡，顷刻间都栩栩如生地呼唤着我，仿佛有阵阵芬芳将我包围，我真的激动了，为这片失而复得的福地，为这片起死回生的草原，为阿什罕人亲手缔造的日月新天。<br /> <br /> == Part 22 ==<br /> 咬钢嚼铁的女支书<br /> 一<br /> 赤峰人能说会道，词儿硬，他们的语言带着大兴安岭山地的鲜活以及农耕文明的机智,风格极其鲜明。在赤峰行走采访，他们嘴里的两个当地常用语给我留下深刻印象，一个是咬钢嚼铁，另一个是快马急枪。 <br /> 快马急枪的事儿咱后说，先说咬钢嚼铁。一个敢于用尽生命之力，去攻克不可想象的困难，犹如用牙齿去嚼铁，终于把铁给嚼碎了的人，你想他的主意得多正，耳朵根子得多硬，意志得有多坚强？<br /> 这个人还是位女性，今年快五十了，不知道哪个记者给开的个头，网上都叫她萌婶儿。<br /> 她就是赤峰市松山区大庙乡党委副书记兼小庙子村党总支书记赵会杰。<br /> 赵会杰胖乎乎的，大脸盘，大眼睛，见面就带笑，笑得眉毛弯弯的，眼睛装着一个闪光的水葡萄。她和你握一下手，那手上的力量会告诉你，她在实心实意地对待你。萌婶儿这个称呼，亲切又可爱，不过，要是想讲好赵会杰的故事，绝不是萌婶儿一个称呼所能概括得了的。<br /> 贫困山村的农家媳妇，中国最基层的农村干部，让一个贫穷小山村走上幸福之路的致富带头人、金牌法律调解人、当面向总书记汇报扶贫工作的全国人大代表……赵会杰的后面，是一条色彩斑斓的河。<br /> 赵会杰本不是小庙子村的孩子，她出生在五十公里之外的初头朗镇福山庄。福山庄附近有个国营金矿，赵会杰高中毕业就在金矿上当了工人，属于最一线的工种，每天在矿石里寻找宝贵的金子，方法是挺原始的，用手工水洗淘金，对于一个女孩子，当然是很吃苦的。没想到还真淘到了金子，这金子就是相伴她一路走来的丈夫吕福永。<br /> 吕福永在矿里生产科搞测绘，是小庙子村人。小庙子村的贫困远近闻名，不过面对有技术，肯努力，踏踏实实的这么一个好青年，赵会杰和所有恋爱中的女孩儿一样，心里唯有那双真诚的眼睛和温情的臂湾，不会考虑穷富之类的事情。后来，国营金矿解体，赵会杰和吕福永可以选择到另外一个国营煤矿工作，那样的话，吕福永可以留在福山村，和赵会杰结婚生子，过着每天可以吃上大米饭的好日子。可是吕福永想回小庙子村，毕竟是父母在，不远游，他想的更多的是整个一个家。这时刻赵会杰心里开始乱了，一个农村长大的孩子，最懂得吃饱穿暖的重要意义，她见过每天处于饥寒交迫的同龄人，她知道对于他们来说，青春就是沦入垄沟的花瓣，爱情就是顷刻间从花瓣上掉下来摔碎的露珠，最不可知的就是未来。她还没有足够的勇气去面对这一切，她经常会半夜醒来，发现自己的脚正踏在一个悬空的门槛之上。<br /> 姥姥说话了——你看中的不是那个人吗？人忠厚有心，比地里的庄稼可靠。庄稼有大年小年，日子有三十年河东三十年河西，你嫁的是人。<br /> 一直到现在，用自己的智慧和双手，将小庙子村的日月换了新天的赵会杰，心智成熟、经过风雨也见过世面的赵会杰，依然还会这样说——我这辈子敬的信的人有多位，其中我姥姥是在第一位的，我姥姥对我的人生影响最大。<br /> 姥姥是个普通的农家母亲，也是一个非凡的女性。姥姥原是一个农村大户人家的女儿，家境优渥，得益于家教，略可识文断字，当年可谓凤毛麟角。姥姥嫁给了门当户对英俊有才的姥爷，过上了衣食无忧的日子，用她老人家的话说，年轻时手皮脸皮都是薄薄的，手没拿过锄头，肩没抗过柴木。不料命运斗转，姥爷某一次离家后便永无了音讯。姥姥手边有一个三岁的女孩，就是赵会杰的大姨，肚子里正怀着赵会杰的母亲。<br /> 也曾泪水洗面。姥姥最终做出了决定，委屈一点自己无妨，要让自己的孩子活下去。她嫁给了村中的一位憨厚贫穷的农民。她告诉赵会杰，生了你妈妈，又生了你三个舅舅，我啥活儿都能干了，种地，放羊，进林子打柴火，上山采榛子、蘑菇，啥啥也不比别人家的媳妇差，还练就了一手好针线活儿。<br /> 赵会杰打小就是在姥姥家长大的，她每天都在姥姥家的厨房里转，因姥姥家的梁上吊着一个筐，筐里总是装着玉米面白面混合的饽饽，大大的，暄腾腾的，一入口，那香甜味儿，立马让人忘掉全世界。姥姥家过得好，仓里有余粮，手里有余钱，房子是瓦盖的，圈里有猪有羊。姥爷总是笑呵呵地说，咱家是老婆儿主事儿，你姥姥劳苦功高，姥姥说，吃不穷穿不穷，算计不到才受穷。三个舅舅被姥姥培养成了有文化、有孝心的人，姥姥的晚年很是幸福。<br /> 一九九一年，赵会杰出嫁，她是坐着乡间班车去的小庙子村。车上有送亲的娘家人，也有接亲的婆家人。班车一路向西，在大山沟里穿行。看不到一马平川的庄稼，也看不到郁郁葱葱的植被，昏黄色的山沟里，只有一条清澈的河在流淌，那就是小庙子村赖以生存的母亲河——阴河。不知道是谁那么不会唠嗑，竟然和新娘子说，看到那个最秃的山头，你就可以下车了。赵会杰心里一紧，鼻子一酸，泪水直往外涌，她后来说，我也不知为啥，立时就忍住了。<br /> 小庙子村穷到啥程度呢，那时候没有留下具体数字，到二十年之后的2010年，人均年收入才达到四千五百元，五千多亩耕地有近四分之一浇不上水，亩产量很低，全村没有特色产业，没有村集体经济收入，这么说吧，一般人家，偶而能吃上一顿面食，大多数人家一年到头见不着大米，阴河南边的自然村里，孩子念书念到初中毕业就是相当了不起的了，家人有病，一般靠忍和挺，去看病的路费都出不起。难难难，小庙子村，像一只流浪在沙地里的羊，过着吃了这片草，不知道下片草在哪里的日子。<br /> 村里的人都在夸老吕家老四，说他有本事，竟把一个富裕村的姑娘娶来家了，那新媳妇俊得银盆大脸，杨柳细腰，两个眼睛跟玛瑙似的黑亮黑亮的。他们不知道，新媳妇已经行动起来了。赵会杰记着姥姥的话，日子在自己的手里攥着呢，用不着东张西望，从眼皮底下开始干吧。由于吕福永当初在外面工作，村里没有分给他土地，家里也没有他们的住房。所以他们两口子，等于没有基本生产生活资料。听说村里有的人家的地没人手种，赵会杰和吕福永挽起裤脚，穿上农田鞋，开始在田里山里观察，终于租到了一块可心的地。他们开始起早贪黑，精耕细作，又买了毛驴和羊，在家养着，再加上吕福永经常出去打工，也小有收获，他们的日子很快就有了起色。<br /> 姥姥说得没错，夫妻过日子，男人忠厚有心，比什么都重要。赵会杰说，我们家吕福永啊，不善表达，更别说什么来点甜言蜜语，过生日给你买点东西，整点浪漫的事儿了，那都不会。但是有内秀，人可靠，不论挣回来多少钱，他一分不剩全交给你，用当地话说，那是兜掏得比脸还干净。可能是我太强势了，不知道从啥时候开始，人家借坡下驴，自然而然成了甩手掌柜的，我们自己小家里的事儿，老吕家家族的事儿，都以我为中心了。<br /> 吕福永说，你这人急马快枪，话到手到，又能拿出主意，耳朵根子硬，咬定青山不放松，是当领导的料，理当能者多劳。<br /> 到了一九九五年，村办小学需要老师，村委会上一商量，说吕福永媳妇适合，为啥呢，讲话透亮，用语斯文，性格也好。于是赵会杰便当上了民办教师，一个人教幼儿园到三年级的几十个孩子。<br /> 那六年，赵会杰过得开心，虽然工资不高，只有一百五十元，但是有假期，不耽误家里种地 。最重要的是她喜欢孩子，他们纯洁明朗，总是使人想起充满希望 ——小庙子村的明天在哪里，就在你们身上。你们今天认识几个字，明天学会演算一道题，慢慢地你们手里的课本就会带领你们的理想飞起来，飞到凤凰山的上空，飞到阴河的起点，到那时候你们就会明白了，爱故乡，做故乡的主人，是多么幸福的事情，将来你们或许会走得很远，但是故乡是你们夜晚里的梦，让你会日夜牵挂着不忘记。所以等你们将来有能力了，第一件事就是要为故乡做好事，不论大的好事，还是小的好事，只要做了，就会有一种快乐美满的感觉。赵会杰面对不同年龄段的学生，细语呢喃地启蒙孩子们的心灵，她也是不知不觉地，在讲述着自己的心。她在小庙子村生育了一儿一女，有了自己的房子和庄稼，有了好几百花蕾一般的学生，她不再觉得自己是个外乡人了，自己就是这片土地的女儿，她像眷恋着父母一般，依偎着这片土地，向这片土地付出着真情。如今回过头来一看，赵会杰教过的学生现在长大了，干啥工作的都有，大都分布在赤峰市的各行各业，无形中成了赵会杰造福小庙子村的人力资源，他们没有忘记赵老师当初的教诲。<br /> 还有一件值得赵会杰受用一辈子的事儿，就是她为了提高自己的教学水平，边工作边学习，经过函授和面授，虽然考试的时候没有一次性成功，到底还是几经冲刺，通过了成人高考，获得了大专文凭。拿到毕业证书那一天，姥姥正在她家小住，她老人家放下手里正在给重外孙女缝制的棉裤，慢条斯理地说，管它是不是大学本科，自己一场一场地考下来的就是最好的。一场一场地考下来，这话让赵会杰领悟到，为了理想，别无选择，只有一场一场地考下去。 <br /> 2000年，村委会需要一个计划生育委员，大家的意见又是完全一致，推举赵会杰担此重任。计划生育是基本国策，而农村的计划生育工作尤其需要攻坚克难。十年之间，赵会杰劳心劳力，奔走在小庙子村的六个自然村的计生对象家之间，山道崎岖，寒冬酷暑，骑坏了自行车，换上小摩托，使得小庙子村在计划生育方面的考核指标年年如期完成，从未掉过链子。<br /> 2009年底，乡党委书记找赵会杰谈话，通知她作为村党支部书记候选人，参加换届选举。<br /> 赵会杰说，哎呀书记，我怎么有点忐忑不安呢？以她对小庙子村现状的了解，以她对自己性格的了解，她感到有压力。<br /> 原来的村党组织，可以说是涣散的，因此多年遗留的问题积重难返，要想让这个村子起死回生，开始进入良性循环，需要从诸多方面入手，绝不可能凭一股热情一蹴而就。在中国乡村当一个没有进入体制的基层干部，或许比在某些机关当个处长科长什么的要难很多。你的头脑要装满各种政策法律，你的手要触摸大地，要知道一亩地谷子该施多少农家肥，要知道母羊生产的时候蹄子先出来该怎么办，要知道一棵山杏能打下多少杏仁……你的心胸要像草原一样开阔，容得下万马奔腾，你还要善解人意——苦巴苦力的庄稼把式，精明的牲畜贩子，叫天天不应叫地地不灵的躺在病床上的贫困户，他们为人做事的方法你都要懂……赵会杰觉得又一场考试来了，考得好，需要好几年才能证明，考不好，一个选举就落荒。<br /> 她跟乡党委书记说……我不行吧？<br /> 乡党委书记书说，你还没干呢，怎么知道不行。<br /> 赵会杰说，有点没自信。还是……找个更强的人来干吧 。<br /> 乡党委书记说，你是共产党党员吗？<br /> 赵会杰眼睛睁得好大，瞧您这话说的，我当然是一名共产党员了。<br /> 乡党委书记说，党的组织原则你知道吧，个人服从组织,下级服从上级，全党服从中央。组织上的人事安排都是经过认真考虑的。<br /> 二<br /> 2009年，赵会杰三十九岁，在村党支部的换届选举中，高票当选党支部书记。<br /> 人民群众对幸福生活的向往，就是我们的奋斗方向。小庙子村的村民盼穿双眼的事情就是四个字——摆脱贫困。在第一次亮相的村委会上，赵会杰给自己下了个军令状““我的第一责任，就是办好群众盼望的事情！”<br /> 从前的生产和工作，再难再累，只需要一个人动手动脑，干起工作来，自己急马快抢的性子，好使。如今，这是把小庙子村两千七百口人的温饱康乐生老病死全接到自己手里了，果真是万事开头难啊！<br /> 2010年得到上级通知，赵会杰去自治区参加培训，这是自治区专门针对落后乡村负责人举办的培训，通过学习了解了其它地区由后进起步，一步步改变面貌的经验和思路，赵会杰心里清楚,自己这个小庙子村的当家人肯定是不好当的，但是只要努力，办法总比困难多，别人行，小庙子没有不行的道理！她想，汽车驰骋需要性能良好的发动机，大雁高飞需要英勇无畏的领头雁。党组织就是村上脱贫致富的发动机和领头雁。赵会杰带领支部成员，重温党章，重振精神，建立和完善了村党支部“三会一课”、民主评议党员等二十五项制度，实施党员岗星化管理，全村党员挂牌示范等措施，规范党员的行为。她说，把制度贴在墙上看看，拿到会上说说是方式，落实到每一个党员的行动中才是目的。她可是咬钢嚼铁，一口唾沫一个钉的风格，哪个党员行动不到位，她是要全体党员都坐下来说道说道的。<br /> 一直以来，村里连个固定的村委会办公室都没有，既然决定把这个书记干出个样来，那么就要先在人前打个样儿。赵会杰不想要什么高端大气上档次，只想有个简单实用的办公场所兼会议室。她去乡里争取资金，争取到的资金还有很大缺口。吕福永说，设计费你不用愁了，我免费设计，建筑材料你也不用愁，从家里搬，资金若还不够，咱家的存款不是由你经管吗，该用就用。就这样，小庙子村终于有了一个可以召唤全村人、凝聚全村人行政中心。<br /> 打当选之日开始，赵会杰每天都是打着车灯下班回家，顾不上给丈夫做一顿可口的饭菜，儿子闺女顾不上照顾，开始草原上的羊一样散养，自己从没有时间睡到自然醒，更不可能悠一会儿闲，追个剧，淘个宝什么的，赵会杰觉得自己已经变成每一条垄上刚出头的苗，变成每一棵树上花后面坐下的果，变成了大棚里咔咔拔节的胡萝卜，变成了林子里湿漉漉的蘑菇，她把自己生命的每一秒都给了自己的村庄，小庙子一草一木都长在她的身上，走到哪里都带在身上，日日夜夜都挂记在心里。<br /> 赤峰市松山区的地理位置处于燕山山脉和大兴安岭的接连带，沟壑纵横，山峦起伏，林地交错。在蒙语里有一个古老的单词叫杭盖，其意思是，有着蓝天、白云、草原、河流、山和树林的世界，历史上清、明、元乃至更遥远的鲜卑、契丹、女真时期，这里就是杭盖，是古代少数民族游牧和狩猎的地方。小庙子村坐落在山根沟边，守望一条发源于西侧燕山山地的阴河。从清代农耕戍边之后，经过多年的开垦演变，至今在这块本不适合农耕的土地上，贴补丁似的，仅仅积累下五千三百七十亩耕地，村人均耕地不足二亩。小庙子村背面有个凤凰山，赵会杰常常站在山头上一览全村概貌，不由感慨万千，沉思良久。<br /> 她看的不只是这五千三百七十亩土地，也不是这五千三百七十亩土地，亩产可以收到多少斤粮食，或者种什么作物可以事半功倍，获得更多的收益。她看的是桥和路。<br /> 一条阴河画村而过，由于没有桥，河南自然村的老百姓每天站在河边，想象着对岸的景象——那车水马龙，从来处来，到去处去，为何而来，为何而去？那些没有观察过世界的眼睛，每天布满了朦胧的表情和梦幻般的猜想，也满含着忧伤和悲痛——开学时节，正值河面上的冰层开始融，一对母子从河面上走过，结果一失足，就陷入水底，当人们发现的时候，她们已经在夜里降温的时候，和冰冻在了一起。孩子们要上学，地里的物产要出售，有多少人从来就没出过村？村里有多少人曾经冒险趟河，只为卖几斤从山林打来的榛子？<br /> 要想过得好，阴河上面有座桥。这是老百姓的心里话。<br /> 村里只有一条砂石路，弯弯曲曲，凹凸不平，一到下雨和开化时节，泥泞反浆，别说走车，人行都难。因为没有一条像样的公路，改革开放二十年了，小庙子村依然被埋没在大山的深处，远离世界的脉动，也感觉不到世界的火热，更不能踏着时代的节奏前行。<br /> 即使满地都是人参灵芝草，也是货到地头死。<br /> 桥和路至关重要，赵会杰要为自己的村子修一条路，架一座桥。<br /> 当时政府有个一事一议项目，赵会杰打了申请报告，获得批准，不过，这是个钓鱼项目，给你百分之五十，其余部分自行解决。没钱犯愁，有了钱还犯愁。赵会杰把前前后后自己认识的富人都捋了好几遍，眼睛落在了武悦栋这个名字上。<br /> 从小庙村出去到锡林郭勒盟发展的武悦栋，是个成功的建筑商，恰好还是吕福永的朋友。他说这么多年我常常想着能为老家做点什么呢，这事儿好办。他接下了建桥这件事，圆圆满满地完成了任务。从此结束了小庙子村老百姓过河难的日子。<br /> 更多的故事发生在2010年。可以说，2010是赵会杰面对挑战的一年，是赵会杰胜读十年书的一年，是这个年轻的党支部书记快速成长的一年。<br /> 春天，赵会杰几经上下奔走，终于使得村村通修路工程项目延伸到了小庙子村中。项目要求按照通城公路标准施工，不打任何折扣，该拆房子拆房子，改拆墙拆墙。这条路总长二十七公里，在小庙子境内六公里，涉及到村里不少人家的房屋、场院和庄稼，由于是临时添加项目，没有任何拆迁占用土地的补偿资金。从另一个角度看，等于为了村民的粮仓，挪了村民的饭桌，而粮仓的事儿毕竟属于明天。有的村民们怀疑上级给了补偿金，是村里给拦截了。赵会杰嚼钢咬铁，一天到晚挨家劝劝劝，说说说，嗓子彻底哑到再也说不出话来，一吐唾沫全是黑红色的血，也没有解决问题。医生说，你的咽炎已经非常严重，不能再说话了，必须马上手术，不然后果严重。赵会杰只有听从医嘱，赶紧做了手术。后来她给大家 发放了一点补偿金，村民便主动配合村两委和施工方，拆墙拆房让出田地，施工得以顺利开始。只有很少的人知道，赵会杰也不想让更多的人知道，原本通城路延伸进小庙子，就不在计划内，上头给的施工钱都不足，哪有什么补偿金，是她再一次掏腰包，把家里仅有的十几万存款全部奉献了出来。 <br /> 五月的末尾，万山春花已过，只剩下迟来的草乌头、蒙古枣在静静摇曳，天空朗朗，犹如碧透的大海倒扣在山村的头顶，小庙子村的人知道，施工队知道，赵会杰也知道，这个季节没有大雨。修路工程已经全线铺开，每天快速推进，村里的老少爷们儿，婆婆嫂子，站在一边看景儿似的看着工人干活儿，恨不得明天一觉醒来，他们就可以开着小四轮，在光光溜溜的大道上，突突突地进城卖鸡蛋卖榛子去了。 <br /> 突然间，几个闷雷从头顶上滚过，晴着天，雨就来了，雨点挺大，重重地敲打着人们的脑壳，人们却一点没在意，因为此时不是雨季，老天落几个雨点，就像拿个胶皮弹弓子胡乱往树荫里打一下，逗逗鸟拉倒。没想到的，话音未落，天上的云就聚集成了密不透风的黑幕，雨水像倒塌的屋顶一样砸下来，山洪随即冲下山，简直如无数醒来的猛虎一般，越过一个个农家院的山墙，涌到村庄和庄稼地之间的泄洪沟边。这里正是修路的现场，人们发现，修路用的砂石水泥和许多工程机械，恰恰放在泄洪沟里，阻碍了洪水的去路。只见洪水一步掠过泄洪沟，直接就奔向了庄稼地。一千多亩的谷子和玉米，正舒展青嫩的身姿，蓬勃地生长着，顿时被泥和水连根拔起，那些洁白的根须倒置着，在洪水中漂沦成团。<br /> 这对于一心扑在修路上的赵会杰是猝不及防的灾难。村民们没有别的什么了，他们一个春天搅着汗水埋在地里的财产，每天在睡梦里都回放几遍的指望，不复存在了。他们来了，站在村部的门里门外，开始只有一两个人，后来变成了一小群人，这些村民是来要赔偿的。<br /> 施工队也不是什么腰缠万贯的主儿，他们算的账是，修你这六公里的路，我们能挣多少钱，能不能保证给工人开支，还说不定呢。因此不愿意赔偿。<br /> “你是干什么吃的？”<br /> “当官不为民做主，不如回家卖白薯。”<br /> 这还是好听的。<br /> 泪水和雨水一起覆盖了赵会杰。哭归哭，问题还得解决。雨大，把田都泡软了，一脚下去尺八寸深，一迈步，脚拽出来了，靴子还在泥里，稍没站稳，光脚就插进了泥里，人便随着脚跌入泥水中。赵会杰摔成个泥人，领着相关机构的人员给受损失的农民丈量地。然后，跟施工方百般央求——农民太不容易了，地冲了，没有赔偿款，到秋他们吃啥呀，你们做工程，怎么也比农民强，尽量多替他们考虑考虑吧!回过头来，她进一户出一门，一家家解释——回头施工队不是还得给咱们修路吗，有了路，咱们富裕的日子就来了，能让点就让点吧……<br /> 由于说话过多，赵会杰嗓子的手术效果，彻底被摧毁，她又成了一个哑嗓子，到现在也没有完全恢复。好在功夫不负有心人，在乡政府的支持下，事情基本圆满解决。<br /> 终于，路通了，桥也有了。老百姓敲锣打鼓地庆祝，家家户户摩拳擦掌，跃跃欲试，房前屋后，一堆一堆晒老阳儿的村民，有了聊也聊不完的新话题，就连在家里蒸粘豆包、喂小鸡的女人也出来逛了，小庙子村，这是要变了，无疑，要变得富裕，变得幸福 。<br /> 赵会杰躲过了热闹场面，一个人来到安静的办公室坐下，没出息的眼泪到底还是流出来了，索性就让它尽情地流吧。流点眼泪，心里透亮。<br /> 平静下来后，她洗了一把脸，走出房门。她还有很多事要做。<br /> 一个村民堵在门口，见了赵会杰不由分说，破口大骂。原来，他家的地也是在大雨中被冲的，他认为给自己的赔偿太少，不够抵他的损失，便把抱怨都记<br /> 愚昧就是脏话的土壤，空空如也的大脑从不设防，一任垃圾落地生根。这村民，竟然蹦高跳骂，绝祖宗三代，语言脏不可言，仿佛上演一场单出头闹剧，一会儿就引来一群吃瓜群众。<br /> “你们当干部的就是拿老百姓当猴耍……，<br /> “你他妈的就是……”<br /> 凭啥我的人格要给你诋毁，凭啥我的父母要被你侮辱？<br /> 当干部可以鞠躬尽瘁，但是不能没有尊严！<br /> 赵会杰再也忍不住了，她一拍桌子站起来，大喊一声：“把你的臭嘴到阴河里边给我洗干净，再来说话，当村干部的为大家服务不假，但也不是谁想踢就踢想踹就踹的出气筒……你再骂一句试试？你再骂一句试试？”<br /> 这是赵会杰有生以来第一次和别人吵架。她一肚子的火瞬间喷射出来，向着骂人的村民一头冲过去。没想到，对方突然间蔫了，他开始是得寸进公里，看赵会杰不还嘴，还以为怕他呢。<br /> 老虎不是猫，这次发威还真有用了。这个村民退了，一些平常惯于火上浇油生怕事儿不大的主儿，作为观众，也明白在赵书记面前肆无忌惮，后果可能很严重。<br /> 过了一段时间，正赶上骂人村民的儿子预备党员转正，经过考核，在村支部顺利通过。骂人的村民私下来说，我还以为儿子指定要吃我的瓜落儿呢，没想到这女干部还有点度量，不记群众的仇……不久，这个村民家的孙辈孩子急病，赵会杰快马急枪地开车给送到市里的医院，跑前跑后地联系医生，那个村民说，我恨不得自己给自己两个耳刮子，想起当初对人家赵书记那个熊态度，真是臊死人了！这些事儿，让老百姓树起大拇指，也让赵会杰有了坚实的群众基础。<br /> 2010年，如此连云叠嶂，酸甜苦辣，赵会杰体重掉了二十二斤，勇敢地进入了角色。<br /> 作为一个村子的党支部书记，大概是我们国家最小的官儿了，也可以说压根就不算什么官，不挣工资，没有对于生产资料的支配权。可是做好一个村的党支部书记，从某种意义上说，却是极具难度的考试。你的面前有一份厚厚的书卷，试题涉及乡村社会的方方面面，这些题你想回答也得回答，不想回答也得回答。所以你只有一个选择，遇到这些考题的时候，去翻试卷的后半部分，那里是为你准备的法律和政策，除此之外，试题以外还有时刻弥漫在民俗乡风之中的人情世故，可以说，在中国农村当下的历史巨变中，每一件看似琐碎的小事，都和社会进步的大主题糅杂在一起，你要刻苦钻研，深度思考，也要有具体问题具体对待的能力。什么是一个村书记的基本素质，那就是心里能放牧一千匹马的马群，眼睛能穿过一粒米那么大的针眼儿，双手能把控每一家一户的拖拉机方向盘。赵会杰这些年来，就是在这种错综复杂的环境，一点点成长，一步步成熟，一年年稳健。<br /> 2012年，多年遗留下来的隐患，死灰复燃，起了事端。原来前两任村委会工作出纰漏，一个姑娘许两个婆家，把一块土地同时包给了两家人。老王家说，这块土地是包给我栽树的，老冯家说是包给他家种粮食的，两家打官司，于是把村委会作为第三方一并告了。两家都骂村里，村两委显得十分被动。赵会杰想，政府工作有连续性，不能说新官不理旧政，于是赶紧接手，研究案情，查阅各种法律条文，询问当事人，请法院帮助调节，自己也在双方之间做工作，最后发现其中一方，其实土地使用合同已经快到期了，自己却并不知晓，便做了双方工作，劝原告撤诉，一件复杂的案子就这样解决了。这件事，让赵会杰陷入深思，作为基层组织给老百姓办事，事无巨细，一定要严把法律政策关，把工作做到细致入微，不留隐患，对未来负责。<br /> 为了早日改变小庙子的贫穷与落后，赵会杰心里是很焦急的。<br /> 她每天骑着一个小摩托，从合作社，到村委会，到镇里，到一个个贫困户的家中，面对许多从未遇到的问题，总是觉得自己的学识储备和阅历经验都不够用，总觉得时间过得太快，眼前堆积的事情太多，在快马急枪的同时，她无意中冒出几句感慨，被村干部们传来传去，就成了小庙子金句。有一天她和同志们在办公室填写贫困户识别统计表，上级要求第二天上午上报，可是熬到大半夜还没有完工，她睏得上下眼皮快要粘在一起了，赶紧用湿凉的毛巾擦了把脸，脱口而出——一天应该有四十八个小时才对劲。还有一天，她骑着摩托下乡，侧面来了一只毛驴仔，正好撞在她的摩托上，旁边有个壕沟，她人和车全都栽了下去，爬出沟，到医院一看，一条腿膝盖摔碎，可是第二天村里要召开会议，通过修桥方案，她照常出现在会场上，大伙儿劝她休息，她又脱口而出——腿折了，脑子不是还能转吗。<br /> 理想是美好的，然而，仅有一腔子的奋不顾身却是不够用的。中国的乡村，就像一个扎根在石头缝的植物，扭扭曲曲地长了几千年，期间留下的任何一个痼疾，都不是一夜之间可以剔除一清的。乡村文明绝不是唱唱歌，跳跳广场舞，搞一场公益活动就可以建立起来的。新农村的文明必须有普遍的法律观念做基础。有一件事，又给赵会杰敲起了警钟。夏天浇地的时候，有两家动了拳脚。老王家的男人没有老冯家的女人生猛，让老冯家的女人用铁锨把大拇指给劈碎了。等赵会杰紧赶慢赶到了现场的时候，满地血渍，一片缭乱。老冯家的女人被派出所带走了，受伤的老王家男人也被送医院去了。当时赵会杰正在四处为引进建设项目四处求援，忙得不可开交，如果她对此事不加臧否，转身离去，一切听凭司法部门处理，并无不对之处。但是她想，如果这个案件判下来，极大的可能性是打人者坐几年牢，这虽然是公正的，但是对于这两家来说，结果或许就是两败俱伤。于是，赵会杰先去老王家劝解——对你来说最重要的是医药费和赔偿金，把手指治好，她伤人坐牢，罪有应得，但家里少了一个干活主力，到时候还不上你的钱，你的问题依然解决不了；然后又来到老冯家，动员打人妇女的丈夫主动到老王家赔礼道歉，先拿出一部分医疗费以示诚意，然后开车接送伤者到医院治疗。一来二去，受伤者也渐渐消了气 ，主动到法院提出请求从轻处理，最后，伤人者被判缓刑，俩家妥善地处理了理赔事宜，从此相安无事。<br /> 诸如此类的事情，赵会杰不知道处理了多少起，相关政策法律已经植入到她的大脑深处，变成了自然而然的经验。2017年，赤峰市开始评选金牌法律调解人，赵会杰得票第一，光荣当选。<br /> 三<br /> 从2010年到2017年，赵会杰与党员干部集思广益，通过协调资金、引进项目，让之前浇不上水的耕地都浇上了水，使庄稼作物有了生长保证。<br /> 小庙子村有种植胡萝卜的历史，但是规模不够大，由于比较封闭，村民使用的种籽质量一般，田间作业技术也相对落后，所以产量和质量在市场上没有竞争力。2012年赵会杰大力动员村民，上网，上QQ，寻找好种子，了解了市场需求，让家家户户看到了商机，又带领村民到河北围场学习当地种胡萝卜的经验，探索机械化作业，鼓励村民种胡萝卜，当年全村种胡萝卜的土地面积达到了三千七百亩，到了秋后一算账，家家户户喜上眉梢，全村仅此一项总共收入就达到一千多万元。<br /> 人勤春早。到了第二年，地里的泥土还冻得硬邦邦的，人们的眼睛里仿佛看见了满垄沟红红绿绿的胡萝卜，早早地就开始了耙地膜，翻地，准备再创一个丰收年。万万没想到的是，东南亚市场突然动荡，赤峰胡萝卜供大于求，小庙子村赶在风口上，基本血本无归。几千亩地的胡萝卜卖不出去，堆在场院里做了饲料。年轻人扔下一院子胡萝卜，走了，加入打工大军，到城市里扛水泥、修地铁去了。他们觉得，打工最起码可以吃上大米饭和肉包子。 <br /> 赵会杰带领村两委成员，痛定思痛，开始寻找能够让小庙子村焕发生机的可行性项目。深秋已至，在空荡荡的胡萝卜地边上，他们看见还有几个村民在田里干活儿。他们的地块不大，绿色的秧苗已经熟透，呈现出一片麦秸色的光彩。原来这是刘家营子自然组的村民，他们这一年没有种胡萝卜，而是利用有限空地，种了一些沙参、桔梗、牛膝之类的中草药，现下到了收获的时候。<br /> 赤峰地区干旱少雨，夏季阳光强烈，无霜期不长，村民用传统方法种植这些一年或两年生的中草药，虽说产量不高，但基本可以旱涝保收，还不像种胡萝卜那样过于消耗土地养分，可以多年连种，不用通过换种其它作物让土地休息。<br /> 或许种中草药可以成为小庙子村的一个产业方向？<br /> 这时候村里回来一个能人。他的名字叫李永波，此人在北京打拼十几年了，有了自己的公司和工厂，手里也有了一定的经济积累。他回故乡的原因主要是想多陪陪父母，同时也有在农村搞个项目的想法，据说他也开始研究上了中草药种植。<br /> 作为支部书记，赵会杰了解每一个党员。李永波年富力强，三十多岁，虽然是个有钱人了，但是在村里敬老爱幼，每次回家都会去看看村里的老人，不管和自己有没有亲戚，他都像对待自己家的长辈一样尊敬，见了谁家有困难，绝对不会绕着走，借出去的钱有一百多万了，人家不主动还，他从不要债。赵会杰最看重的是他的党员身份，他在村里过组织生活，只要没有特殊情况，他从不缺席。赵会杰认为李永波是一个有情怀，重承诺，守纪律的人。<br /> 正值村委会换届，赵会杰作为党支部书记要主持这项工作。她闭上眼睛，把已经提出参选的人在脑子里一遍遍过电影，虽然这些人选也有一些优势，但是综合起来，谁也不如李永波合适。<br /> 于是赵会杰主动上门，开始一顾茅庐。<br /> “永波大兄弟，回来了？”<br /> “书记大姐，你怎么来了？”<br /> “怎么，不赶着回北京吧？”<br /> “经营的事情交给了我弟弟妹妹临时管着，我想在村里多陪陪父母。”<br /> “咱村的蒙古族老人爱说一句话——雄鹰飞在天上，影子留在草原上，你到底是咱小庙子的男儿，还是离不开老家吧？”<br /> “那是呀，大姐。”<br /> “既然是咱村人，就请老弟多多为咱们村发展尽力吧。”<br /> “大姐尽管说，咱村现在缺点儿啥？我也正想着为家乡搞一点公益或者扶贫的项目呢。”<br /> “那我就说了，咱村现下最缺的，就是一个优秀的村主任。”<br /> 没想到李永波一个不行两个不行，退得老远。<br /> 赵会杰心里空落落地回来了。但是并没有放弃，她想，就是这个金不换的李永波了！我头拱地也要把他挖到村委会当主任。<br /> 赵会杰知道李永波是个孝子，从来都不会违拗老母亲的意愿，便去找赵老太太做工作。老太太也是不同意，她说北京那一大摊子怎么也不能完全交出去，当了村长又要添一大摊子，儿子怕是忙不过来。<br /> 还有一个星期就要初选了，李永波仍然没有报名的意思。<br /> 这期间赵会杰找过他好几次，都没有成功。不过李永波向赵会杰吐露了一个自己的想法，那就是想搞一个种植中草药的产业，这和赵会杰的想法不谋而合。赵会杰立即热情地给予鼓励，建议他成立一个中草药产业合作社，带动全村一起走中草药生产加工一条龙的路子。赵会杰以往的为人，现在的这份真心和热情一步步打动着李永波。<br /> 正巧，赤峰市的政协副主席王晓峰到小庙子村调研，李永波是市政协委员，他们自然要见个面。赵会杰机灵一动，就来了个责任绑架：“王主席我跟你反映个情况。”<br /> “你们的政协委员也不支持我们村党建引领大发展啊，这不就是让我这个书记不合格吗……”<br /> “政协委员不担当，政协主席得替我们说话啊……”<br /> 王晓峰主席说，会杰书记，你的意思是我这个副主席工作不到位吧？<br /> 到了李永波家一唠，王晓峰主席再三鼓励，赵会杰把她考虑成熟的合作社思路一介绍，李永波说：“那要是老百姓不选我怎么办，还有不少人正在准备拉票选举呢”。原来李永波还是了解一些情况的。<br /> 赵会杰说：“那是在你没有参选的前提下，他们才有参选的想法。根据我掌握的情况，你虽然没有报名，还有百分之二十的村民在推举你呢。”<br /> 李永波睁大了眼睛，半晌，他说出了心里话：“只要老百姓选我，我就干。”<br /> 事情果然不出赵会杰所料，候选人名单一经公布，那情形正如赤峰当地话所说——一鸟入林，百鸟哑音，其它候选人纷纷主动退出，李永波最后以一边倒的多数票当选村主任。<br /> 松山区区长表扬赵会杰，你这招儿可真是高明！<br /> 全村党员群众士气大振，跃跃欲试，因为领导和老百姓都看到了这样的一种动势——李永波的加入，不仅给小庙子村带来一个合作社的蓝图，还给小庙子带来了企业化的思维，而他对市场的敏感，在经营方面的机智，正好和赵会杰带动全村老百姓脱贫致富，走合作化、集约化宽广大道的思路相得益彰。<br /> 李永波做事情，带着一种强迫症般的惯性，一定要做得非常好，九十分绝对不行，一百分了，还有回头看，最终不达一百零五分不下马。赵会杰是快马急枪，说干就干，绝不拖拖拉拉。两个人雷厉风行，同心互补，“宏都种植专业合作社”很快组建成立了，根据小庙子村的土地禀赋，决定种植桔梗、牛膝、防风等中药材，方式是统一为农户提供种子、技术、市场信息，统一销售产品。<br /> 李永波在前方挂帅，赵会杰根据脱贫攻坚的相关政策，为合作社保驾护航，争取来扶贫专项、国家奖补等专项资金及时注入。2017年，合作社以每亩八百元的价格集中流转村民土地一千五百亩，2018年达到两千二百亩，种植药材品种增加到二十个，辐射带动全镇种植药材一万余亩。最初合作社只有九名成员，当我到小庙子参观的时候，已经吸纳三百二十三户农户入社。在宽敞整洁的厂房里，洗药机器正在运行，一些清理去皮的桔梗，像白玉似的堆积成小山，来自各个自然村的弱体力村民，正在修剪着刚出土的药材，他们坐在厚厚的羊毛坐垫上，陷入桔梗的包围，像给孩子们打理食物一样，双手轻松娴熟，十分专注，看见我，脸上呈现出温和的笑意。<br /> 2018年7月，合作社投资了三百五十万元，新建厂房2200平方米，建设蔬菜及药材清洗、加工、脱水生产线，热火朝天的合作社已经成为小庙子村脱贫致富的依托。<br /> 用李永波的话来说，带动贫困户脱贫致富是合作社义不容辞的责任。成立以来，合作社已经以每亩一千元的价格流转贫困户土地二百二十五亩，并优先雇佣有劳动能力的贫困户到合作社务工，让他们人均年务工收入达到八千至一万二千元，2018年带动村内二十八名贫困户脱贫。 <br /> 随即，赵会杰申请注册了“小庙子村”商标，并以合作社和村委会名义申请了蔬菜和中药材深加工国家项目，继续纵深延伸产业链条，提高产品附加值，不仅要大力发展药材种植，还要进行清洗、包装等深加工。让村民在土地集约利用、产业多元发展中享受更多实惠。 <br /> 赵会杰并没有因此而放松下来。赵会杰心心念念的是那些没有能力到合作社务工的特困户。<br /> 说起贫困户脱贫的情况，赵会杰犹如给我端出来一大筐苹果，她信手拈来，就是一个芳香四溢的故事。看她对村里五十几户贫困户的了解程度，就知道这些年来，她在扶贫工作上下了多少功夫。在讲述的过程中，她几次掉下眼泪。她有一句话，说得与众不同，值得在这里记录下来。她说扶贫先扶志，扶贫先扶内生动力，这些全对。但是还有一条，扶贫要动真感情，要在心与心之间修路建桥。 <br /> 小庙子村有一个个子最矮的妇女，只有135厘米高，她叫刘汉芝，从外村嫁到小庙子以后，生了三个孩子，两个丫头，一个儿子。不幸的是，她的儿子在很小的时候被庸医扎针，造成了残疾。不久她的丈夫患脑溢血去世，她家的生活每况愈下，到了十分艰难的程度。刘汉芝是个刚强又明白人，她对两个女儿说，别惦记着我和你弟弟，你们的路还长，该奔着好日子走，嫁的远一点没关系，只要能嫁的好一点。她没有哭，乐呵呵地把两个闺女送出门，看着她们上了婚车。<br /> 虽然是体力不济，又带着个残疾儿子，但是刘汉芝并没有失去生活的信心。为了生活，她贷款买了两头母猪，搞起了庭院经济 。没想到的是，那年猪仔掉价，母猪又得了病，结果致富不成，反而欠了债，她家的生活雪上加霜，已经到了无以为继的程度。<br /> 赵会杰第一次来到她们家。刘汉芝给赵会杰让了座，端来水，她自己却不坐，站在赵会杰面前，轻轻地一笑，那矮小的身子使她看上去特别像个孩子，然而她脸上那份出奇的平静，说话时那份得体，那份敞亮和坚毅，又显出她的成熟和理性。赵会杰的心里一阵酸楚，眼泪不由溢满了眼眶。赵会杰见过各种各样的贫困户，其中见到干部就叫苦连天，为了多要点补助，一把鼻涕一把泪的大有人在。 <br /> 赵会杰说：“老姐姐，家里现在困难吧，仓房里还有粮食吗？手里还有现钱使吗？”<br /> 刘汉芝回答：“坚持坚持，还能过得去。”<br /> 赵会杰说：“你现在是建档立卡贫困户，政府会帮助你家的。”<br /> 刘汉芝说：“我还是想干点啥，靠自己的手站起来。”<br /> 也许你的手已经没有了扶自己站起来的力气，但是你的心里有这种力气。赵会杰特别喜欢刘汉芝身上的这股劲。<br /> 她们的身后 ，传来窸窸窣窣的响声，原来是刘汉芝的残疾儿子一直在炕里趴着。他的病十分严重，不能说话，全身除了脑袋思维还正常，右手可以动，其它部位都残疾了。只见他用胸脯蹭着炕慢慢挪动身体，使劲地直起头颅，仰着脸，眼睛盯着赵会杰，一望可知，那是心里蕴积好久的块垒，此时都要通过这双眼睛来述说。<br /> 这一刻，赵会杰心里好像浇了一杯滚烫的酒，瞬间全身的血液都燃烧起来 ，当她伸出手去抚摸这孩子的头，她感觉到自己的手在颤抖。她说好孩子，我明白，我知道，我一定尽所有的力量，帮助你治病，帮助你们家过上好日子。这孩子可能眼泪早就哭干了，他的一双眼睛突然变得通红，但是没有流泪。他那强立起来的头，无力地倒下，他歇了片刻，又奋力把头直立起来，他的眼睛转向自己的母亲，头微微颔动，啊——啊——啊——地发出浑浊的喊声，那声音，来自他的胸腔，拼劲了气力，却是断断续续，非常虚弱。赵会杰懂了，她赶紧说：“孩子，孩子，大姨明白，大姨明白，你妈妈不容易，我一定帮她，照顾她。”<br /> 如果没有病，这孩子也是个大小伙子了。如今他日日夜夜看得清楚，日日夜夜在绝望中苦苦期望，疼痛地挣扎着……同为母亲，同为女性，赵会杰此时心如刀割，为眼前这个母亲和她的孩子疼痛；作为一个党员干部，她的心里更是万分焦急，脱贫道路上一个都不能少，自己责无旁贷！<br /> 赵会杰马不停蹄，给刘汉芝家申请到五千元的民政救助金，又申请了扶贫项目资金和扶贫项目贷款，给刘汉芝的病儿子申办了五保，根据政策将他的五保转为待遇更好一些的低保，总共为他们家注入三万元的支持。<br /> 矮小的刘汉芝，个头低于常人，但是她内心的能量却不能低估。赵会杰一有时间就会到她家走走。刘汉芝吸取头一年养猪的经验教训，利用扶贫资金重新开始养猪，她每天起早贪黑，熬猪食，打扫猪圈，给猪洗澡，精心到一丝不苟。别人用大盆端猪食，她端不动，就用小盆一趟趟多跑，打扫猪圈，她用小号的铁锹，干一个上午，也不肯休息。看着她满头的汗水和裤腿上的猪粪，赵会杰觉得自己有了一个可亲可敬又让人心疼的姐姐。<br /> 刘汉芝的猪出栏了，既有小猪仔，又有肉猪，她乐颠颠地告诉赵会杰，除了给儿子买了点药，她没舍得花一分钱，一次性把外债全都还上了。现在，她要再增加一个养鹅项目，她说都是庭院产业，在养猪的同时就顺便打理了。她托人给赵会杰捎来了两只小笨鸡，说是自家养的，别的东西啥也没喂，是吃玉米脐子和谷糠长大的。赵会杰捧着这两只小笨鸡，脑海里浮现的是刘汉芝矮矮的个子，在院子里跑老跑去地喂鸡的情景，她收下了这份沉甸甸的礼物，按照市场的价格，把钱给刘汉芝捎了回去。她知道，一百元钱，在刘汉芝的生活里，不知道要掰成多少瓣儿来花。 <br /> 年底了，刘汉芝又托人捎来了鹅蛋。那满满一大筐鹅蛋，个个饱满硕大，泛着淡淡的光泽，看着就诱人。刘汉芝来了电话，她说：“书记妹子，这是我家病儿子让我捎给她大姨的，让你腌着慢慢吃。要是没有你和村里的帮助，我们娘俩指不定什么样呢，哪有今天的日子……”<br /> 赵会杰说：“大姐啊，我收下了，我收下了，是我该感谢你，你能让我吃上真正的小时候那种味儿的大鹅蛋，太好了，不过钱你一定收下，给咱家儿子买点需要的东西……”<br /> 现在，刘汉芝一家已经高标准脱贫，据保守估计，人居收入是一万一千多元。当赵会杰再去她们家时，刘汉芝满面春风，带着赵会杰在院子里参观，只见猪肥，鹅壮，院里有充足的饲料，一幅红红火火过日子的画面。当赵会杰走进里屋，就见刘汉芝的儿子已经挪动到炕边上，仰着头等着自己了，见到赵会杰，那病孩子扬起右手，吃力地拍着炕沿。刘汉芝说，这是让大姨坐下呢……。<br /> 三<br /> 2018年全国两会，习近平总书记参加内蒙古代表团讨论。赵会杰作为发言代表，向总书记汇报了小庙子村党支部带领群众实现富民强村梦的工作。在赵会杰整个汇报过程中，总书记面带微笑、频频点头。<br /> 总书记中间还几次插话询问：“地是水浇地吗？”赵会杰回答“都是水浇地。”<br /> 　　总书记问：“通了自来水吗？”赵会杰回答“总书记，村里通了水，也通了电。现在村里正在发展特色产业，带动百姓增收致富”……<br /> 　　 在审议结束时，总书记握着赵会杰的手夸她说得很好。<br /> 　　 赵会杰说：“ 一开始的确紧张，毕竟我没有见过这么大的场面，但是总书记连问几个小问题，那么关心咱们村里的民生小事，说话就像拉家常一样亲切，我就不紧张了，只感觉到特别亲近，特别温暖，于是我发自内心地说，总书记， 村民们的共同心愿，是让我捎句话给您，日子越来越好、风气越来越正、干活越来越有劲！我们由衷感激党、感激国家、感激这个时代。我代表我们小庙子村的全体村民向您发出邀请，请总书记到我们小庙子村看看。”　　 <br /> 这一幕，由于媒体的轮番报道，让赵会杰成了家喻户晓的人物。两会上来自自治区和全国各地的代表们，都向她投来关注的目光，她知道这是值得小庙子人感到无比自豪的事情，更是令自己放开眼界，学习新观念新思路的大好机会。<br /> 赵会杰回到村里，按照总书记的指示，以新思路运作。到了2019年春天，她又怀揣新的成绩单，来到两会——新建一百五十亩设施农业冷棚、两千七百亩膜下滴灌设施；新修五公里半环村路，给村校操场铺上了塑胶跑道；村里建起防渗防漏的垃圾填埋场、民俗博物馆和乡村旅游接待中心；村内公路上一百盏路灯安装完成……<br /> 赵会杰在会上和代表们说起小庙子村第一次被路灯照亮时的情景。她说，那天晚上，自己在政府加班做扶贫档案，回来特别晚，进村的时候看见老百姓们都来到公路旁，坐在路灯下面的城墙垛子上，冲着路灯有说有笑，久久不愿离开。自己老远就看到了密密匝匝的人群，就像落在屋顶上的小家雀一样， 这个情景 ，那么温暖，那么美好，自己一辈子都不会忘记。<br /> 2019年7月15日，赵会杰终于盼到了这一天，习近平总书记到内蒙古调研，第一站就来到了赤峰市。赵会杰拿出六张小庙子村的照片，向总书记汇报一年半以来小庙子村的新变化，新发展。照片上，中草药种植基地一碧千里，村容村貌崭新整齐，一座新桥将阴河两岸连通，农民热火朝天地在田野里劳动，总书记在两会上关心的垃圾分类和厕所革命项目也有了新的进步。每一张照片，总书记都看得很细，不停询问，还连连称赞小庙子村很美。<br /> 2019年底，赵会杰被提拔为大庙子镇党委副书记，继续兼任小庙子村的党总支书记。经过十年村党支部书记到全国人大代表的历练，她的舞台在扩大，内心的格局也在扩大。她的目光从小庙子的崭新天地，展望中国农村的前景，她说绿水青山就是金山银山，也是我们脱贫致富的靠山，新时代的农民必须思考人类如何与自然和谐共存的大问题，才能走向更高层次的文明。<br /> 请看：《关于启用民间资本助力乡村振兴的建议》、《关于在北方地区推广免水冲式生物发酵技术厕所的建议》，从这两个赵会杰向两会提出的代表建议中，我们发现，这个立于时代潮头的村党支部书记正在以现代的科学理念，超前的未来眼光，带领自己的村庄走向理想中的新世界。<br /> 嚼钢咬铁，急马快枪，一个永不服输的女共产党员依然在冲锋——我们的赵会杰永不言败！　<br /> <br /> == Part 23 ==<br /> <br /> 赵光明主任的这三年 <br /> 在去林西的路上，杨明霞反复向我介绍林西县扶贫办主任赵光明，见到赵光明，果然和她的描述对上了号，个子不高，身材精悍，气色红润， 说话中气十足，走路精神抖擞，他带领我们在林西大地上穿行，介绍林西的扶贫工作，带我们参观设施农业、梯田果园，陪我入户采访、与乡镇、村干部交流，使我充实地度过了两天的采访。思维敏捷，滔滔不绝，对工作有些痴狂，对土地一往情深，这是他给我的第一印象。 <br /> 2017年11月29日的深夜十一点，寒冷的北方大地昼夜温差愈发加大，气温零下二十度不止，风嗖嗖的，像小刀片割着人们的脸，间或，有几片零星的雪花，急促地掠过。在林西县入口的公路一边，一行人在等待一个车队的到来，为首的就是赵光明。严寒里，赵光明的眼镜一会儿一层霜，不知道已经放在衣襟里暖过了多少次，擦了多少遍。实在太冷了，他们一边跺着脚，搓着手，一边不停地向远方眺望。远方的客人你是谁，风雪夜归的人你是谁。让赵光明和他的部下们如此翘首以盼 。<br /> 终于，黑暗的远方，呈现了一串萤火虫般的光亮，继而越来越亮了，直至照到了他们的身边，车队没停，赵光明随即走近，大喊着，怎么样，有没有异常？<br /> 驾驶室里传来回音，中。赤峰话，意思是合适、没有问题、妥。<br /> 赵光明一身的寒冷瞬间驱散了，一颗在风中晃荡许久的心稳当了。他高高地一挥手，按捺不住的兴奋都充溢在那振臂一呼中：“走，让宝贝们进家！”<br /> 在场的人们无疑很理解赵光明此时的心情——他真是高兴，非常的高兴，大家也同样高兴。<br /> 咱们长话短说。<br /> 赵光明本是学医出身，主攻计划生育临床技术，毕业后就被分配到县计划生育服务站工作，当年主刀做过计生范畴内的手术，他的理想，就是钻研下去，做一个在业务上有成就的专家。没想到，某天组织上一个令，就把他提拔成了办公室主任。领导上认为赵光明这个同志除了善于钻研业务 ，还善于带动大家做事情，应该让他练练，把潜质变成实绩。于是将赵光明放到了机关的枢纽位置上，由静到动，赵光明很短的时间就适应了。由此，赵光明完全转行，而后被认可为优秀后备干部，不断地换岗——从计生局办公室主任到乡镇政府副乡长，再回计生局当副局长，然后又到乡镇当人大主席，不久又调回县里，任政务服务中心主任。谈论起干部，人们常常使用万金油这个词，与众不同的是，在林西县县委田向存书记的字典里，万金油是个褒义词，就是放到哪里就在哪里闪闪发光、放到哪里都给力加油的意思。赵光明就是干一行爱一行的那种到处闪光的万金油干部。县政务服务中心主任是个什么活儿，多么劳累，多么闹心烧脑，这里不必细说。赵光明果然又干得不错，广受好评。可是，他突然生病了，由于忙，赵光明发现自己身体不适的时候，肝部腺瘤影像显示已经非常明显， 学医出身的赵光明面对这种情况，心里有两个预估，第一个是认为自己在四十多岁的年纪长这个东西，恶性的可能性很大，另一个预估是，他感觉自己的病不是什么大不了的事情，出于对自己身体状况的全面了解，对医学的信任，对自我把握身体的信心，他毫无惧色，做完手术之后，很快重返工作岗位。<br /> 人们没有发现他的异常，只是有点奇怪，赵主任为啥十几天不见，你出差了？你进修去了？<br /> 赵光明说也算是进修了两周吧。<br /> 七零后的赵光明，得了这样一场大病，的确好好地品读了一次人生。他凝视了死亡，体验到了无奈，最终找到了光明。生命是脆弱的，一个人的内心却可以让生命变得坚强。<br /> 赵光明的自我调整开始了。手术后，医生给他开了很多药，赵光明服用后，发现身体无力，嘴里出现溃疡，他想了想，就果断把药停了。继而，他开始每天快速走路锻炼，不论飞雨飘雪，每天坚持五公里，从未间断，渐渐地，他的身体强壮起来了，心里便把有病的事儿给忘了，每年复查，结果甚好。<br /> 2016年，领导说，让你出来做点事儿怎么样？<br /> 啥事？<br /> 目前脱贫攻坚到了关键时刻，按计划林西县要在2018年实现摘掉国家级贫困县帽子，需要有人担起扶贫办主任这个重担。<br /> 赵光明觉得自己做这个工作有一定基础。计生工作当初也是全党动员，全民参与，规范化建设，现下的扶贫工作更是如此，不同之处是扶贫办的工作面更宽了，要在党和政府的领导下，去联合协调全社会诸多方面，这一点，自己在政务中心的工作中也积累下一些经验，应该能干。<br /> 领导关心地说，身体能吃的消吗——说句后话，也就是田向存这样的有魄力县委书记敢于提出这样的人选。<br /> 赵光明起身一站，让领导看到了自己坚持锻炼的成果。<br /> 领导放心了，赵光明的妻子可担心得够呛。她说，赵光明同志，人们都说身体是革命的本钱，咱可不敢逞强好胜，不然……<br /> 赵光明递过来一摞医用书籍，说，我对自己的身体研究得明明白白，本钱没有丢，挡不住还增多了点。 <br /> 妻子说：“我有一个条件，你得答应。”<br /> “啥条件？”<br /> “每天按时下班，按时回家吃饭，我知道什么饭你爱吃啥，啥对你身体有利。”<br /> “这不可能，答应了也办不到。”<br /> 妻子无语，便退一步：“那你保证双休日在家休息，不可熬夜”。<br /> 赵光明的回答很实在：“第一条还是答应了也做不到，第二条答应你。”<br /> 赵光明就这样走马上任了。“扶贫开发工作是党组织赋予的一项光荣而艰巨的政治任务，作为一名党员干部，要不负组织重托和群众期盼。要扑下身子、放下架子，自觉与群众打成一片，在精准扶贫工作上不等不靠，务求实效”。赵光明上任之后，始终没有忘记县委书记田向存对他的一番叮嘱。<br /> 他首先改变自己的观念。扶贫办不是具体的办事机构，更多的是要动员全社会都来参与扶贫攻坚这项伟大的工程。<br /> 因而，赵光明把宣传党和政府的扶贫政策、宣传本地扶贫攻坚的实际成果，作为开局第一要务。他要让全县老百姓都了解、理解这次扶贫攻坚对于他们意味着什么，让他们知道这次人类历史上开天辟地的壮举，就在自己的生活中，每个人都有权利和机会参与，并因此获得幸福，同时他要让老百姓知道，幸福的生活是奋斗出来的。通过一系列的努力，报纸、电视、手机、宣传栏以致发送到每个家庭里的通知告示、走门串户的扶贫干部的口传心授，林西的大地仿佛被春雨荡涤了一遍，一个全社会大扶贫、家家谋致富的氛围形成了， 在林西农村，哪个村富裕了，周边的老百姓就开着车到哪个村去看，看来看去，自己就行动起来了。<br /> 然后，赵光明大刀阔斧，开始了扶贫办机构的大调整，将职责笼统模糊的部门，化整为零，变成十个股，清晰明确了每一个人的职责，人人身上背负了指标，工作任务日清日结，很快机关内部呈现出了人人全力以赴的局面。<br /> 为了实实在在做点事，也为了彻底研究一下扶贫政策怎样精准实施，赵光明自己主动承包了全县最贫穷的樱桃沟村。这个村没有水浇地，全是坡地，种植条件非常不好，过去靠人工种玉米、散养肉羊为主导，没有任何产业。赵光明首先带领这个村的两委班子，到全市的脱贫先进村参观，看人家是什么思路，然后让他们带领村民去干，自己负责出点子，协调实施易地搬迁，联系相关部门和企业，很快，樱桃沟村修成两千五百亩梯田，梯田上了滴灌，栽种上了123野果，每亩四十八棵到五十二棵，每棵树可以产生效益一百元，又改在山坡地上种甜菜，甜菜抗旱保收，经济效益令人欣喜，接着完成了贫困户低保全覆盖，还通过成立养羊合作社，盖棚圈，引进畜牧生产科技指导员等方式，既改变了散养羊群破坏生态的弊端，又让村民的养殖业得到发展，收益大增。<br /> 所有的星期五晚上和周六、周日，都成了赵光明的工作时间。他对自己说，焦裕禄不是说过吗，吃别人嚼过的馍没有味道。作为扶贫办主任，第一手资料，比什么都重要。做了多年计生工作，他还有一个优势，那就是熟悉林西的每一寸土地。现在，他又来了，自己开着车，带着一暖壶水，累了就在车里眯一会，饿了，走到哪里都有小店……全县一百零三个行政村，六百四十五个自然村，他走了不止一遍，一些情况特殊的村子，一些重点贫困户家，他去过四次。赵光明为了在调研中更好更准地掌握第一手资料，他采用深入浅出的方式，通过走村入户发放征求意见表、个别访谈、召开座谈会等，在谈笑风生中和群众打成一片，与群众零距离交流，准确把握贫困群众的贫困现状和当地潜在的资源优势。在充分了解掌握县情民意的基础上，召开各层次人员会议，集思广益，针对贫困群众反映强烈的问题，制定工作规划和年度发展计划，理清工作思路，确立工作目标。杨明霞告诉我，林西的干部们就是能够做到这一点——哪个贫困户家房上掉了一块瓦，他马上就知道。<br /> 林西县面积三千九百平方公里，地处内蒙古高原东部边缘，境内河谷、中低山、丘陵相间出现，地形复杂。这里旱灾频发，有“三年两头旱，五年有三旱，十年九春旱”之说。属于典型的老、少、边、穷地区，原本是蒙古巴林部的游牧草原，1908年（清光绪三十四年），清廷准奏，将原定的“巴西县”改为“林西县”，移入农耕百姓，硬是在本不适合种庄稼的草原上开荒种地，此乃当地贫穷老根。 <br /> 赵光明说，林西县最大的劣势就是水浇地少，人均不足两亩，上世纪八十年代林西就是全国计划生育红旗县，现在看，双女结扎户有四千五百二十三户，独生子家庭一万五千户（由于孙子进城带走了父母，留下的爷爷奶奶就成了事实上的孤寡老人），他统计了一下，林西现有六十岁以上老龄人口有五万以上，占总人口的21.7％，大部分的贫困特困户出自这个群体。很快，赵光明向县委县政府提交了自己关于进一步开拓脱贫攻坚工程的整体模式：党建引领，园区带动，以企带村，以社带户，金融全覆盖。经过认真研究，这个思路得以实施。<br /> 赵光明说，这个思路的核心，说一千道一万就是产业，扶贫没有产业，等于龙无头，雄鹰没翅膀，赵光明夜以继日研究的就是搞什么产业能够更有力度地带动贫困村民的问题。妻子从睡梦中爬起来，又是焦急又是心疼，只好化谴责为幽默——赵主任，现在已经是新一天的早晨了，能不能闭上眼睛歇一歇，你累垮了，地球照样转。<br /> 你猜赵光明说什么，他连头都没有抬，眼睛依然盯在摊开的一堆资料上，回了一句：“转是转，慢三圈”。<br /> 在机关，他是一位运筹帷幄的领导；在田间地头，他是一位出谋划策、无微不至的贴心人；面对脱贫攻坚的一个个新课题，他更是一位锲而不舍的学者…… 到扶贫办工作三年，他战胜了病魔，但两鬓日渐斑白，老乡们亲切地叫他老赵头，赵光明也乐呵呵地回答着，后来老乡们和他相处久了，不知道是谁在这个称呼前面加了一句定语——身上有股用不完的劲儿的老赵头，赵光明才说：“为俸禄而工作，那是辛苦的；为工作而工作，那是无味的；为享受而工作，那才是幸福，我把扶贫当作一门艺术，我在享受它，所以就有使不完的劲儿”。<br /> 赵光明与县领导多次外出考察、查阅大量资料，经过多方可行性调研，将德青源二百五十万只金鸡、正邦二百万头生猪全产业链、15.6MW光伏农场等产业扶贫项目引入林西县，依托这些重点项目和农牧业龙头企业的支持，通过“企业+基地+农户”的方式，创造了符合地域实际的甜菜、金鸡、生猪、中草药、野果五种产业脱贫模式，建立了企业与贫困户之间的利益联结机制，全县所有具备生产能力的贫困人口获得产业扶贫全覆盖，获得来自生产性、财产性、劳务性和资产性四个方面收入。二零一七年，这五种产业发展模式共带动建档立卡贫困人口八千八百六十三户、一万六千五百七十三人，占贫困人口总数的82.6%，人均增收一千六百五十元。同时，通过整合财政涉农资金，撬动金融资本和社会资本参与，推行“园区+企业+农户+贫困户”经营模式。 全县投资四十三亿元，开工建设脱贫产业园区两处，带动建档立卡贫困人口两千零三十五户 、四千六百七十九人，人均增收一千五百元。<br /> 遍地开花的扶贫产业，给贫困群众带来了信心，赢得了群众对精准脱贫工作的支持。呈现出巨大的带动力量和令人欣喜的前景。 <br /> 采访中，我们谈起中草药和饲料种植，赵光明信手拈来，谈到这个中草药产业链延续，他的还真是有好思路，他告诉我，黄芪特别适合在旱地种植，一般两年可收，若不收，来年继续生长，年头越长，药用价值越高，一般药厂用主干做切片，用毛须做药丸，那么延续下去，一些梗叶等可以直接粉碎，加入牛羊鸡饲料，其药用价值在牛羊身上可以继续发挥作用，另外，例如牧草紫花苜蓿，可以种在水果林间，一旦种下，永远不用重复种，年年收益……说起这些，赵光明的眼睛直发亮，仿佛看见了大片的绿水青山，金山银山。<br /> 要做就做最好的、最强的，这是赵光明的口头禅。德清源集团是全国最大的蛋鸡企业，德青源在林西租地建厂，贫困户年收租金10％，德清源吸收贫困户做工，每月工资三千余元，同时，拉动周边农民种植饲料，将周边农民合作社和个体养鸡生产纳入他们的渠道进行统一管理销售，还接纳大批农村大学生回乡就业。目前，德清源已经成为林西扶贫的支柱产业，也成了当地农民心中自己的企业，百姓富裕了，企业也因此越做越好，大伙说，扶贫办真是给自己的家乡做了件一举多得的大好事儿。<br /> 站在高速路边上接车队的事儿，发生在二零一七年十一月二十九日，德清源企业从河北房山往林西运送第一批鸡苗，总计六十万只。从早上到深夜，赵光明时刻惦记着路上的鸡苗，用他自己的话说，我呀，从来没有过如此这般的坐立不安，当初得知自己生了病，自己都是淡定自若，今天是实在坐不住了，恨不能一眼见到那些小鸡苗。赵光明说，我就是不去接，呆在家里能睡着吗？这六十万只鸡苗，一路行程十小时，天气寒冷，它们会不会受凉，没有水喝，会不会生病，一路乘车，会不会出现颠簸拥挤？一旦出现点什么问题，企业受损失不说，当地农民的信心也会受挫。<br /> 当赵光明跟着浩浩荡荡的运输车，进入了车间，在温暖明亮的车间里，双手捧起一只小鸡仔，抚摸着它柔软的羽毛，看着它滴溜溜转的小眼珠，周围小雨一般的鸡叫声包围着，赵光明心里的喜悦溢于言表，他的部下和企业人员看到了他噙在眼睛里的一片湿润。<br /> 2018年，林西县提前一年通过严格的第三方验收，成功脱贫摘帽，2018年荣获全国扶贫攻坚组织创新奖。赵光明说，摘帽并不等于工作的结束，脱贫不脱帮扶，对于贫困户，我们必须扶上马，送一程，脱贫和下一步的乡村振兴之间没有空隙，必须连在一起的。<br /> 我到林西采访赵光明主任的时候，他正和从前一样在去十二吐村入户调查的途中。<br /> 当我写完这段文字，赵光明主任通过微信给我发来了好几个奖状——《2018年全区脱贫攻坚扶贫系统先进个人》《 林西县改革开放40周年脱贫攻坚先进工作者》《赤峰市2018年脱贫攻坚先进个人》《全市优秀党务工作者》……看得出，虽然他已经被提拔到了赤峰市社科联副主席的新岗位上，但是他仍然为自己曾投身扶贫攻坚这一伟大的历史壮举，感到无比的光荣和自豪。<br /> <br /> == Part 24 ==<br /> 通讯：内蒙古呼伦贝尔市文联 刘爱萍<br /> （河西新区政务大楼d2）手机13304700183<br /> 赛拜诺书记<br /> 艾平<br /> 此前，“阿什罕苏木那林高勒嘎查” 这十一个字，对于姚远来说，就像原本熟悉的一堆宝石，此时突然被连缀成了一条异样又斑斓的项链，其汉字的内涵不翼而飞，变得像天外来客的诗句一样难以破解，这深邃的组合意味着怎样的隐秘，她很想知道。<br /> 姚远，80后，女性，汉族。大学毕业之后，在翁牛特旗旗司法局工作。2018年被组织部门选调到那林高勒任驻村第一书记，她属于初出茅庐，以往只有短期的机关工作经历。 <br /> 阿什罕苏木那林高勒嘎查，阿什罕苏木那林高勒嘎查……姚远开始用舌头一遍遍盘这个名字。阿什罕——平坦的草原上崛起的山包，苏木——乡镇，那林高勒——细长的河，嘎查——村。她终于念顺嘴了，弄明白了。<br /> 姚远没有更多的准备，带着匆匆学会的一句蒙语“赛拜诺”出发了。<br /> 春天里。周边的沙地草原上，绿意复苏，正一寸寸地覆盖黄沙，太阳露脸的时间长了，泥土里孕育了一冬的霜雪，徐徐升腾成潮湿的空气。羊群，牛群如梦初醒，四处觅食。杏花嫩嫩的少女脸，从每一家的院子里探出头来欢迎姚远的到来。<br /> 相对于赤峰境内更多的半农半牧村庄，这里是纯牧区。这个纯字，主要体现在语言上，嘎查的乡亲们都讲蒙语。这里的年轻人，出去上过学的，蒙汉语兼通，他们一般对客人使用汉语。不过一旦使用汉语和你交流，与你就有了无形的距离，等于告诉你，你不属于这里，你是客人。<br /> 姚远开始入户摸底。她面带真诚的笑容，一心想摸清情况，以便因人施策，尽快让这里的贫困户从困境中摆脱出来。她以为使用蒙语问候一下，距离就会拉近。见到大姐，她不说你好，而是说赛拜诺，见到大爷她也先问一声赛拜诺。村民一听蒙语，感到挺亲切，高高兴兴回答她“赛拜诺，赛拜诺”，接着就用蒙语和她对话，问她是谁。她立马听不懂了，人家一看她愣愣的表情，就转身忙自己手里的活计去了。时间一长，老乡们就知道了，这个新来的年轻女书记，就会一句蒙语，牧区的事儿知道的不多。传来传去，姚远就有了一个外号——“赛拜诺书记”。姚远知道了，不仅尴尬，更是着急。<br /> 驻村工作队一共五个人，除了姚远自己以外，其余四位同志，全是使用蒙语交流的蒙古族干部。在工作中，他们为了照顾姚远，硬扭着自己使用汉语，说着说着却往往不由自主地回到了母语中。到了工作之余，同志们难免要放松一下呀，聊聊生活，开个玩笑，这时候姚远只能在一旁看着，看到人家笑，她也跟着傻笑。 <br /> 姚远下决心学蒙语，每天不管多忙，都要强迫自己记住几个蒙语单词，记住了，虽然说得笨笨磕磕，也要硬着头皮用一用。她知道不说，就永远张不开嘴，虽然学会蒙语，不是一朝一夕的事儿，但必须争分夺秒，学了就用。她每一天都在忙着和时间赛跑，因为村党支部和村委会，加上驻村工作队全体成员，平均年龄五十大多，只有她一个人会使用电脑，她这个第一书记，白天要入户帮扶，张罗给贫困户解决各种困难，晚上还要点灯熬油，汇总各种数字，填报各种表格，撰写各种材料……所以，她只能利用在食堂吃饭的时候，到贫困户家办事的时候，见缝插针地试巴几句蒙语。<br /> 登记羊的时候，她不说一只羊，说，讷个好尼；看牛的时候，她不说五个牛，说塔布五斯。见了大姐，她改口叫额格齐，见了大哥她改口叫阿哈。每当她安排蒙汉语兼通的同志给牧民讲政策，她自己先当学生，坐在一边细细地听，慢慢琢磨蒙语的表达逻辑和汉语的表达逻辑有什么不同之处，她渐渐地发现，蒙语是一种非常智慧、非常优美的语言。<br /> 有一天，村民开会，男男女女来了一屋子人。姚远提前就准备好了，她在主持会的时候，似乎无意地点起了村民的名字。先叫女人的名字：“乌兰琪琪格” 让后再用汉语翻译一遍：“红色的花”，以此类推：“娜仁琪琪格，太阳花”“乌仁琪琪格，有灵性的花”“曹布敦琪琪格，像珍珠一样的花”“曹布敦其木格，圆润的珍珠”；再点男人的名字：“赛音图，好男子汉”“新吉乐图，有财富的男子汉”“巴雅尔图，聪明的男人”“青格勒图，辽阔明朗的男人”“曹克图，精神抖擞，英姿飒爽的男子汉”。没想到会场一下子热闹起来了，这个给她纠正微瑕，那个向她介绍还有哪一位“琪琪格”今天没来，告诉她还有哪一位“图”是个小青年，在外边做买卖。姚远想起了一本书上的话——文化就是一条通道，可以使人们从四面八方走到一起，没有一个民族不喜欢敬重自己文化的人。果然，姚远感觉到，从那天开始，村民再见到她，明显不一样了。她再说“赛拜诺”，牧民便会接过话来，用蒙语告诉她，专项扶贫资金买的小羊羔拉回来了，然后再用汉语重复一遍，要是遇到了她听不懂的蒙语，村民又不会用汉语表达的时候，村民就会折断柳条，在地上画图，配上汉语单词和肢体比划，最终让她弄明白啥意思。<br /> 第一书记的工作就这样进入了轨道。<br /> 一天，姚远带领工作队的同志们进门调研贫困户情况，突然接到了一个电话。电话里说，姚书记呀，我要和你谈谈。 <br /> 谈什么呢？<br /> 谈的问题多了去了。<br /> 那您是哪位？<br /> 来电话的人说我叫李柏寿。<br /> 姚远说，好的，好的。现在不方便，回头去你家，咱们见面谈好不好？<br /> 这时候有人从背后轻轻地拽了一下姚远。姚远回头一看，是个知情人。<br /> 他告诉姚远，李柏寿可是个人物，他的特点就是爱告状，赤峰去过，呼和浩特去过，北京也去过。如果问起他告状的原因，能回到八十年代，你就听吧，那记性，跟录音机似的，那嘴，跟鹰嘴似的，词儿硬，得理不让人。姚书记，这人不是贫困户，要我看，可听可不听，再说咱们够忙的啦。<br /> “那他为啥告状啊？”<br /> “陈芝麻烂谷糠吧，都是咱们解决不了的事儿。”<br /> 姚远自从驻村以后，每天都在边工作边思考，她意识到自己缺少的不仅是语言沟通能力，还缺少对这片土地历史文化的了解，有的时候她感觉自己就是一棵易地搬迁的树。你来的时候，根被原来的那坨泥土包裹着，如果你始终在那坨土里盘绕，最后肯定因为缺失营养而枯干，所以你的当务之急就是继续深扎，呼吸这里的空气，吸吮这里的山水，直至成为真正属于这片土地的植物。<br /> 这个李柏寿能够告诉自己什么呢？他是一个在这片土地上生活了一辈子的老年人，记性像录音机，又有语言表述能力，不正自己求之不得的吗？再说，作为党员干部不能失信于民，已经答应去他家谈，那就必须去。<br /> 姚远所见过的村民，大都朴实拘谨，见到干部搓着两只手腼腆地笑，问他点事情，总是用简短的语言回答你，很少遇到滔滔不绝地跟你唠起来没完没了的主儿。<br /> 到了李柏寿家，姚远考虑了一下，为了能够更深入地和李柏寿沟通，她决定一个人和他谈，便让同来的工作队员暂时离开。这个李柏寿和他的老伴，可真让姚远开了眼，人家那叫不慌不忙，娓娓道来。他们的回忆从上个世纪八十年代的土地包产到户，到近期的村小组内的利益冲突；从整个嘎查在土地、沙漠、林地、水库的产权变更过程的每一次纠纷，到这个纠纷对当今的影响，他们全都一股脑儿倒了出来，还不时穿插引用一些法律条文，加以分析佐证，说得那叫头头是道。随着他们的讲述，姚远开始在自己的大脑里放电影，嘎查周围的草场、水库、山林一一浮现，这些地方她大致看过，现在想想，如果再去看时，自己或许就能在一定程度上，可以用老百姓的视角从自然禀赋、生产资料所有权、土地流转过程中的矛盾等方面了解村情民情，今后扶贫施策，如果涉及到这一切，心里又有了一些参考。没有调查研究，就没有发言权，说得真对。<br /> 姚远一直没有插话，静静地听着，时间在李柏寿一会儿慷慨陈词，一会絮絮叨叨的节奏中，不知不觉的过了两个多钟头。突然，李柏寿像是被谁从梦中叫醒了似地，闭上了嘴巴。<br /> 姚远说：“大叔你怎么不讲了。我还没听够呢？”<br /> 李柏寿说：“逗你大叔呢？从前的多少个上级，没有一个不嫌乎我磨叽的，总是说你到底有啥要求，快说，我们还有事儿，就走人了。你今天是让我把话都说完了。”<br /> 姚远说：“大叔你还没说完，你说的这些事都是过去的，过去的事儿和现在有啥关系啊？”<br /> 李柏寿一拍脑袋，可不是，他话题走的太远，居然忘了目的地。<br /> 原来李柏寿说这些，是为证明他家在当初分草场时曾经遇到了不公平，他说，现在也知道这是很难翻回去的旧账本，但是我不说又有谁知道到底是怎么回事呢。 姚远细问后明白了，老两口的最终诉求就是请政府不要把他的低保户取消。<br /> 他家原有一万余亩草牧场，当时他们家两个儿子没结婚，两个闺女没出嫁，这是按六口人分给他们家的草场，现在国家每年按照这个面积，给他们家发放草牧场补贴，届时一并打到李柏寿的卡上，李柏寿再将儿女的那部分转分给儿女。可是在审定低保户资格的时候，工作人员发现了这个问题，一算账，两口人有这么多草场收入，怎么能当低保户呢？就核销了他家的低保户待遇。 <br /> 姚远告诉李柏寿和他老伴，我从一个法律工作者的角度分析，过去的问题时间太长了不是那么容易就能解决的，你到处告状也不是解决问题的最好办法，尤其是越级上访，是会触犯法律的。建议你们进行人民调解，实在不行也可以提起诉讼，但是，无论用什么样的办法，都得有充足的证据，仅仅依靠简单的村民证言，是没有法律效力的。另外，你们老两口年龄大了，当下最重要的是把身体养好，日子过好，最好不要多劳心动气。老两口听了姚远话，若有所思，眉头渐渐舒展开了。<br /> 刻不容缓，姚远立即着手调查，认定李柏寿老两口的财务清晰，草牧场补贴中的确包括其儿女的部分。更正厘清这件事需要联系乡政府民政、畜牧、财政等部门，姚远特事特办，专门抽出时间，跑这几个部门，有时候一天跑两三趟，最终再次确认他们老两口同意，将当年的草牧场补贴中他子女的部分如数打到他们各自的一卡通上，这样，按照低保的纳入标准，他们老两口被纳入了低保范围，可以享受相关的国家政策。<br /> 这低保还真是救急。一个月后，李柏寿老伴因为腹部长了一个肿瘤住进了医院，他给姚远打电话的时候声音很低，明显没有了往日的慷慨激昂。姚远有点担心这位老人，利用周末休息的时候，带着孩子到医院去看望了他们，临走的时候给他们留下了二百块钱，让他们买点水果。他们看到姚远的儿子跟妈妈一起来了，由衷地对孩子说，你妈妈真是好干部。 <br /> 老两口的脸上，昔日的怨气和忧愁一点点消失了，工作队又按照一系列扶贫政策，将他家列入全村统一工程，盖了三十平米的新房，拉了电，打了井，老两口感激地说：“七十多岁了，新生活才刚刚开始，多亏有了党的好政策和你们这些好干部。”<br /> 姚远乘公交车回家，遇到他们老两口去旗里复查，看见姚远上了车，李柏寿急忙从兜里掏出二十元钱给了司机，说是这个闺女的车费。姚远赶紧说这怎么能行，李柏寿说：“行你处处观照俺们，就不行让我们表表心意，有个礼尚往来？书记我们心里啥都明白，明白你真是不容易，平时驻村，周末还经常开会办事，跟孩子在一起的时间太少了，为啥带着孩子去看我们，那不就是舍不得离开孩子，又放不下我们吗。”<br /> 理解就是鼓励。李柏寿的话，让姚远眼睛里一下子涌出了泪水。<br /> 嘎查有一个患直肠癌的贫困户村民，每个月都需要到赤峰市医院进行化疗，按照旗里的健康扶贫政策，他每次化疗完需要准备好收据、诊断书、药品清单等材料提交到苏木医保所，审核通过后由旗社保局进行医疗费兜底。因为他本身生病，妻子每天忙着照顾他，还要种地喂养牲畜，导致有两次没能按时提交出院材料，未能尽快报销，为他下一次住院增加了经济压力，也使工作队的健康扶贫任务不能很好完成。姚远去看他，说大哥把这件事交给我跑吧。这位大哥说：“可不敢，可不敢，哪能劳动领导呢。”<br /> 姚远说：“大哥，啥领导啦，叫妹子，我有私家车，一脚油门就去了，别客气。”<br /> 这个正在为此发愁的大哥，一看姚远说得这么实在，每次出院后，就把各种材料原件一并交给姚远，姚远帮他复印后，上报到苏木医保所，审核无误再将原件给他送回去，保证了每次报销的医药费准时到账。有位工作队员说“我们书记够忙的了，这跑来跑去的活儿，不应该是她干的。”姚远赶紧示意他打住。自己乐呵呵说：“一脚油门的事儿，一脚油门到底事儿……” <br /> 在姚远的眼睛里，只要利于扶贫的，无论大事小事，都是她最愿意干的事儿，都是最值得去做的事。<br /> 嘎查还有一个贫困户的情况个特殊。他叫青格勒图，平时老实巴交，喝点酒，胆子和脾气就不一样了。四年前他想买几头牛，发展家庭畜牧业。手里没钱，赶上有个搞民间借贷的来了，他也是心急吞了热鸡蛋，没多想，借了一万块的高利贷，结果就陷入了烦恼。到日期了，对方来要账，他竭尽所能，到储蓄ATM取了款，就交给了对方，什么凭据也没留，也不知道向对方索回借条。对方拿走了钱，过一段时间又来要，他说还了，对方说没还，冲突就开始了，对方强硬，他心里窝囊，又不敢惹人家。他想打官司又不知道怎么打，找嘎查，嘎查也没有办法帮他，工作队员到他家了解情况，他喝了闷酒，把工作队员给撵了出来。<br /> 他是贫困户，为了让他振作精神，尽快致富。姚远亲自去做他的思想工作。姚远说：“我不是来帮助你打官司的，你的官司啊，我看打不赢，法律是讲究证据的，咱们没有证据，空口无凭，得不到法律的支持，打到哪里也赢不了。我是来和你商量商量怎么能把家里的日子过得好起来，咱家基础好，你有养殖这方面的经验，抓上几头母猪，很快就能见到小猪仔，要是咱们富起来了，一万块钱还是事儿吗？用得着愁得天天喝闷酒，气得一宿一宿地睡不着觉吗？”，<br /> 最后，青格勒图听进去了姚远的话，在国家产业扶贫政策支持下，种地，养猪，很快进入良性发展轨道，现在不仅已经脱贫，还过上了越来越富裕的日子，一切忧愁都烟消云散了。<br /> <br /> 姚远来到那林高勒嘎查的时候，嘎查有一百三十个贫困户，现在已经全部脱贫。姚远高兴之余，会在下班人静的时候，一个人躲在宿舍里，和远在六十公里之外的儿子来一个视频通话。作为一个母亲，无论工作多么忙，儿子都在她心里最柔软的地方，一分钟都不会离开。儿子刚上小学，他经常问妈妈，别人的妈妈都能参加学校的家长会，你为啥总是好多天让我找不到你，你的家不在咱们家吗？一想到儿子的话，在外人面前女汉子一般的姚远，就会偷偷抹眼泪。后来，姚远和爱人商量，一定要让儿子知道妈妈为啥很少有时间陪他，知道还有人过着住旧房子，穿旧衣服，有了病治不起的生活，明白妈妈就是为了让他们也和自己家一样有新房子，有面包，有香肠，有汽车，正在辛苦地工作着。姚远不断把嘎查里的生产生活场景拍成视频，发给儿子看，在她不加班的双休日，节假日，就带儿子到嘎查来，一家人一起到贫困户家慰问，聊天，喝香甜的蒙古奶茶……儿子终于知道了酸奶是用牛奶做的，牛奶是从牛的身体里挤出来的，为了获得多的牛奶，要给牛吃草，要把牛放到草原上去觅食……玉米原来是在泥土里长出来的，肯德基的大烤箱里的奶油玉米，是用地里长出来的玉米烹饪的……那些放牛的人，种玉米的人，不应该是贫困户。<br /> 驻村第一年，在年末的考核中，嘎查两委成员、驻村工作队队员、村民代表投票，经上级考核，姚远被评为优秀第一书记，得到三万元驻村补贴，姚远将这些钱拿出一大部分，用到集体伙食和工作支出上。到了今年，赶上疫情，嘎查有两家贫困户没来得及卖牛羊，没有钱缴纳合作医疗金，眼看着到了最后的缴费期限，姚远又默默自掏腰包给他们 解决了困难。<br /> 2019年下半年，姚远被提拔为苏木的组织委员，这就意味着在第一书记的重担上，又加了一副担子。姚远告诫自己，基层工作任重而道远，不是谁都有机会可以投身到这场历史性的攻坚之战的，能够用自己的奋斗，给别人带来幸福的人，是最幸福的人。想成为中华民族伟大复兴的有用之人，无捷径可走，经风雨、见世面才能壮筋骨、长才干。要做起而行之的行动者、不做坐而论道的清谈客，当攻坚克难的奋斗者、不当怕见风雨的泥菩萨，在摸爬滚打中增长才干，在基层历练中积累经验。<br /> 嘎查里乡亲在传说姚书记提拔了，不给咱们当书记了。没想到，姚远和往常一样，又出现在嘎查的村委会里，贫困户的炕头上，集体的牧场上。在一个工地上，她看见几个年轻人，上午十点就停了工作，坐在一起喝酒。姚远觉得挺奇怪。<br /> “你们怎么回事，不好好干活，大上午的喝什么酒？”<br /> “……” 几个年轻人有点羞愧难言。<br /> “你们是本嘎查的吗？拿来户口或身份证给我看看？”<br /> 几个年轻人，二话没说，就掏出了身份证和户口本给姚远看。<br /> 姚远不由问这几个毫无顾忌的年轻人：“你们知道我是谁吗，就把证件给我看？”<br /> 没想到这几个年轻人异口同声：“认识认识，早就认识。”<br /> 其中一个小青年有点调皮，他嬉皮笑脸地说：“你不就是那个赛……姚书记吗”<br /> 姚远一听噗呲就笑了，她知道他想说的是——你不就是那个赛拜诺书记吗。<br /> 小青年们接下来的话，让姚远深深感动。他们说：“姚书记，你给咱嘎查人办了那么多好事，我们怎能不信服你。咱嘎查里的人都说，你要走了真舍不得，想留你，又怕耽误你前程……”<br /> 姚远说：“那你们听我的，把酒收了，抓紧干活。”<br /> 小青年们果真听话，收了酒，拿起了手中的工具。<br /> 这一幕，印在了姚远儿子的眼睛里，他和父亲一直站在母亲身后。<br /> <br /> == Part 25 ==<br /> <br /> 在乌拉布统草原上<br /> 说起赤峰市西南部的乌兰布统草原，你即使没有去过，也一定听说过。乌兰布统草原是内蒙古的著名风景区，也是一个有故事的地方。清代这里是皇家木兰围场，也是康熙皇帝以二十万大军歼灭准格尔大汗噶尔丹的古战场。看吧，在起伏辽远的草原上，湖泊、沙地、湿地、林地、河流星罗棋布，回环缭绕，夏季，绿野如翠，净水如玉，百花璀璨，丛林幽幽，冬日，大雪无垠，原驰蜡象，冰清玉洁，有人说这里是整个蒙古高原的缩影，有人说这里是北欧的精粹版。乌兰布统总是让摄影家和游客们流连忘返，点赞不停，没有谁会把眼前的美轮美奂和贫困两个字连在一起，的确，借助身边的风景，靠经营旅游致富，有人成就了自己几辈子的梦想 ，过上了好日子。然而，许多年来，美丽并不是万能的神话，贫困无处不在，乌兰布统苏木最核心的风景地段黄芩塔拉嘎查，就是一个贫困村。<br /> 2016年，年轻的代小飞从旗政法委调到乌兰布统苏木人副苏木达，分管全苏木的扶贫工作，兼任黄芩塔拉驻村第一书记，正值国务院印发《“十三五”脱贫攻坚规划》,要求全党动员，全民参与，在全国范围内，各省市自治区按照精准扶贫精准脱贫的基本方略,因地制宜,分类施策，打赢脱贫攻坚战。乌兰布统离克什克腾旗首府经棚镇一百二十公里，代小飞知道自己这一去，不可能每个双休日都能回家，事实上等于把两个孩子和整个一个家都扔给了妻子照管，妻子是旗司法局的办公室主任，工作很忙，身体状况不太好，在单位也承担着两个贫困户的扶贫任务。关于自己家的诸多事情，代小飞不放心，但是也实在不能多想，到了乌兰布统苏木和黄芩塔拉，迎面而来的工作就像一千匹骆驼似地把他包围了。<br /> 乌兰布统苏木有六个嘎查，二十七个自然村，计三千七百五十八人，如果按平均值计算，人均年收入一万六千元，生活水平是相对富裕的，全苏木还有因老弱病残造成的贫困户二百六十八户，五百九十二人，其中的黄芩塔拉嘎查为2014年建档立卡贫困村，贫困人口比较集中。代小飞接手扶贫工作后，他沉下心来，带领嘎查两委班子、驻村工作队成员开始了摸底走访，在深入全苏木所有贫困户家的过程中，一边详细了解贫困户的生产生活情况、致贫原因、收入来源和发展意愿等基本情况，一边每天读书思考，研究乌兰布统的历史背景、地理环境、如何解决旅游产业和生态保护的矛盾。不停给自己的大脑充电，成了他的必修课。 <br /> 乌兰布统草原地广人稀，建国后除了部队的军马场在此驻扎，从事牧业生产的人口并不多，后来当地出台土政策，交一千元就可以迁入，可享受当地牧民待遇，因此外来人口陆续涌入，这些人口的背景很多样，大多数是从贫困地区来的，他们到乌兰布统，一开始放羊放牛放马，后来跟着市场潮流，做起了旅游，一般都是养几匹马，为游客骑行牵马服务。旅游业发展起来之后，很多外地的个体经营者，来到这里建立宾馆酒店，建立娱乐设施，经营旅游，使人口组成更加多元。因此这里虽然是牧区，很多人会说蒙语，但是人们的思维习惯还是以农耕文化和商品意识为基础的，比一般牧区的问题复杂一些<br /> 刚到不久，代小飞就遇上一件生气的事儿。有一个叫李生宝的牧民，为了占便宜，在政府给牧民投放建立牲畜舍饲棚圈专项扶贫款的时候，和一家不想建棚圈的贫困户私下交易，顶替冒名使用这个贫困户的扶贫款，在自己家院子里盖了一个棚圈。代小飞入户调研的时候，已核对过材料，却发现贫困户的院子里并没有建起来棚圈，于是追问起来，贫困户便支支吾吾地说不清了，代小飞说这是政府给的扶贫补助款，你不发展生产，就不能拨款了。贫困户只好说实话，原来他的建棚圈补贴项目转手给李生宝了。代小飞说，你领我去，我要见到实物，国家的补贴，一分钱也不能乱用。结果到了李生宝家一看，他家院里果然建起来了一个新棚圈。代小飞说，咋回事儿，你们要说实话。李生宝就是不说，代小飞便一语戳穿——你们这是冒名顶替，是犯法的事儿，我是绝对不能把扶贫款批给你们的。<br /> 代小飞这句话还没落地，李生宝蹭一下冲到了代小飞面前，一副地痞的架势，开口就骂人，使的全是不能重复的低级语言。代小飞完全没有思想准备，愣在那里半天才缓过神来，他说，你不要骂人，我是文明人，不能和你对骂，但是我要告诉你，不论如何你怎么闹，我就是要扣发这笔钱。李生宝一听，撸胳膊挽袖子，一边在身边踅摸打人的东西，一边就冲过来了，嘴里嚷着，你不发钱我就上告……代小飞也火了，他用胳膊一顶拦住了这个发疯的人，可是转身的时候却发现，院子里已经围了很多村民，他们不吱声，干看着，不知道揣的是什么心思。后来一调查，原来嘎查里，还有十几户使用这种冒名顶替的办法廉价转出了扶贫专项款指标，让别人家盖了棚圈。代小飞的话，令嘎查里弥漫起一种剑拔弩张的气氛，十几户擅自低价转手棚圈专项扶贫款的人家，加上十几户擅自接受的人家，在嘎查也是一股不小的力量，一时间，代小飞不论行动起居，都能感觉到背后有冷冷的目光。<br /> 草原上的人们饮酒放歌，本是一种于冰天雪地孤独寂寞中生产生活留下的习俗。长期以来，酒就是一把涂上了麻药的双刃剑，给人的东西看上去是快乐，实际上是混沌和鲁莽。牧民每天牵着马，跟着游客在草原上走来走去，每天骑着马赶着羊群翻山过河，辛苦之余，便沉迷在酒杯里，吃一顿饭，喝半天酒，那是常态。代小飞初来乍到，最犯愁的就是组织牧民们开会，特别是在下午，每次连三分之一的人也来不了，来了也带着醉意，你在上边讲，他在底下唱，不高兴了就骂人。酒还是贫困的孪生兄弟，贪酒之人，往往就变得懒惰，变得冲动愚鲁。记得有一次，开会认定贫困户，有个牧民就离了歪斜地站出来了——那谁谁谁能当贫困户，我为什么不能当？代小飞说，对贫困户的认定是有具体条件的，你没困难，争这点待遇干什么，当贫困户光荣吗？当上贫困户是为了摘掉贫困户的帽子，不是一天到晚晒太阳，等着政府送小康，你懂不懂？结果，那个牧民就耍上了酒疯，会被搅乱了，自己还生了一肚子气。怎么办？老村干部老党员们说，酒这个事儿一时是治不了了，等到下一代人的生活不苦了，酒鬼就会少了。代小飞半夜睡不着觉，苦苦琢磨，终于想了一招儿，从那以后把会都安排在上午开，上午人是清醒的。 <br /> 现在，面对着擅自转卖棚圈扶贫指标的事情，代小飞又陷入了沉默。一个声音在他的耳边敲小鼓，——你抛家舍业出来干扶贫，辛辛苦苦不容易，还没有干出大成绩，让人背后一马鞭抽你脑袋上，最低也得半年能治好，若是这些人混不吝，集体往上给你写封检举信，最起码你得澄清一阵子 ，反正这些人也有其他收入，最终脱贫也没大问题，退一步地阔天宽，随他们去得了；另一个强有力的声音在他的耳边敲大鼓——一个党员干部的使命担当大于一切，捍卫国家的法律和党的政策，就应该无私无畏。经过反复研究，代小飞坚决果断拍板，扣发了这些人家的棚圈专项补助金。又因人而异，重新施策，给贫困户兑现了其它脱贫项目。 <br /> 一个绿草如茵，蓝天白云，清风送爽的乌兰布统景区，重新绽放出无比魅力。后来，嘎查举办了第一届牧民运动会，李生宝两口子分别都得了冠军，发奖的时候代小飞和他们俩说，你们两口子这是要把金牌包揽回家呀，给你们点个赞，那李生宝十分不好意思，他说对不起了代苏木达，那天喝了点，你别往心里去。这事就算是过去了。 <br /> 这件事，确立了代小飞在老百姓眼中公平端正、坚持原则的形象，也让代小飞觉得，自己被动地上了一课。基层的工作看似没有大事，其实件件都是大事，必须办好办实，稍一放松，就有可能给以后的工作带来难以拔腿的泥沼。为什么那么多贫困户不愿意在家院子里修棚圈，舍饲牛羊？无疑是缺乏生态环保的观念。他想起来了，来到黄芩塔拉，随便和村民聊天，都会有人告诉他——我们见过钱，老天爷给过我们好日子，那时候我们卖羊卖牛的钱，多的都像抱着一对双儿孩子似地抱着回家。其实他们并不知道，从另一个角度看，那是超载放牧的结果，六亩草场只能放一只羊，六十亩草场只能放一头牛，你非要在六亩草场里放六只羊，在六十亩草场里放六头牛，你头脚抱着钱回家，后脚草场就沙化了，风刮过来，黄沙就起来了，你发个两三年财，你看家的财富之源就消失了。这么一个苦恼的悖论，村民们一时是想不明白的，现在你让他们把牛羊赶回圈里养着，每年一头牛花很多的饲料钱，他们当然不愿意干，他们就愿意赶着一大群羊，像白云那样在草原上游动，走到哪里吃到那里，省钱又省力。岂不知，这种貌似与过去一样的 逐水草而游牧，看上去很美，却可以放纵人们趋利的欲望，任其下去，草原的每一寸的土地上都会站满牲畜，所有的小草将不复存在。每到春草发绿的时候，苏木和村两委的干部须到进入草原的路口站岗，拦截四面八方任意进入草原的畜群，政府好心好意给当地牧民盖棚圈，他们并不从心里领受，宁可收取一点现金，转手他人。再也不能让这种情形继续下去了，否则，乌兰布统完全有可能成为另一个科尔沁沙地。<br /> 作为一个在内蒙古长大的青年人，代小飞自幼就知道，游牧文明就是珍惜草原的文明，知道传统的游牧生产，不超载，牲畜移动着吃草，不践踏草场，既可以保护一方水土，又可以养活一方人，是天人合一的大境界。而现实中，乌兰布统为什么会出现如此逆天而行的现象？关键点症结就是，人们还没有找到一个好的致富产业。总书记说过，绿水青山，就是金山银山。一定要守住乌兰布统草原的好生态，绝不可以把脱贫攻坚和生态保护对立起来，那么，使这两者统一起来的致富之道在哪里？在赤峰的其他旗县，为了脱贫攻坚，政府可以给贫困户提供诸多产业项目，任由人们根据自家情况进行选择，你说是入股种杂粮啊，种中草药还是经营大棚蔬菜种植啊，或者到各种企业打工啊，都可以取得达到尽快脱贫指标的收益，而在黄芩塔拉呢？黄芩是一种中药，塔拉就是草原，这里曾是长满中药材的地域，但是一旦在草原挖掘中草药，那后果就像在大地上割开无数口子，结果是十分可怕的，而种地，就意味着开荒，显然也是不行的。草原唯一可以利用的就是美景资源，而开发旅游在乌兰布统也有将近二十年的历史了，其中有多少经验又有多少教训，是一个值得思考的问题。<br /> 黄芩塔拉嘎查离乌兰布统苏木所在地七十公里，道路是自然路，早上七点出发，九点钟才能到村里，赶上阴天下雨，刮风下雪，路就不能走了，所以代小飞到黄钦塔拉当了驻村第一书记后，一直住在村里，村委会没有房子，他就带着工作队的同志，住进了一户村民的家里，按规定交了伙食费，每天吃这家主妇做的家常饭，说老实话，自己生活上的再多的不适应也顾不上多想了，他每天听到最多的一是嘎查的饮用水不达标，出井就是黄汤子，好像兑了一半酱油，苦涩难咽；另一个就是村民的住房几乎无一可以说得过去，全部是多年的旧土房，冷暖不保，还有倒塌危险。<br /> 大自然非常奇异，在黄芩塔拉两公里之外的东窝棚自然村，地下水完全是另一种样子，清澈，甘甜，黄钦塔拉人盼了几十年，这最后两公里的问题始终没有解决，饮水入村，更待何时！代小飞急了，立刻向苏木党委做了汇报，通过苏木向旗水利局申请，向对口单位求助，一听说给老百姓接水，所到之处都伸出来援助之手，很快水就引到了老百姓的厨房里。<br /> 2016年，自治区要求解决牧区农村居住环境的改造问题，三个月内完成施工任务。当时作为副苏木达，还承担着这项工作任务。由于道路不好走，施工用料运入十分困难，代小飞每天起早贪黑，和施工方一起在工地上现场办公，出现问题立即解决，他整个人晒得黢黑，也消瘦了很多，一次回旗里开会，妻子第一眼都没认出他来。别人看不见的是，他的脚疾眼中，指甲往肉里长，痛的钻心，他总是等大家都睡了，一个人悄悄上药治疗，白天依然大步流星地在工地上奔走。 <br /> 洁净甘甜的水引来了，新村建起来了，老乡们高兴地心劲也起来了，纷纷想辙致富。他们说代苏木达是真心为了咱们办实事，把代小飞当做亲人，也当做了依靠。这时候，代小飞被组织上提拔为苏木人大主任，回苏木去了，黄钦塔拉的老乡们看着他汽车的背影，立刻没了精神。时隔几天，代小飞突然出现村委会的办公室里，他告诉大家 ，自己还继续任黄钦塔拉嘎查第一书记，完成脱贫攻坚的决胜之战。刹那间，人群里爆发了热烈的掌声，不知道何时汇聚到村委会的乡亲们流出了真情的眼泪。他们说，代书记这个老百姓的贴心人，又回来了，我们真高兴！<br /> 代小飞作为主管扶贫的副苏木达，他经常在各个嘎查间调研，到各个跑马场和旅游经营者、服务人员交流，甚至跟着羊群的后面进入草原上，他终于搞清楚了，貌似红红火火的旅游经营，事实上还存在着许多漏洞，第一，跑马场太多了，恶性竞争的风险潜在多时，跑马场里马太多，已经过度践踏了草场，导致局部沙化，各种违建旅游设施鳞次栉比，严重影响了当地生态环境，从村民角度看，有劳动力的牧民可以到旅游马场做骑行牵马服务，获得一些收入，有财力的牧民可以买几匹马到跑马场入股分红，可是最贫困的人家，尤其是那些老弱病残的家庭，并没有从当地日渐火热的旅游业中获得任何利益，他们的两不愁三保障的问题仍然没有解决。<br /> 小红山子嘎查的贫困户张凤英就是一个典型的例子，她丈夫四十五岁肝硬化去世，大女儿脊柱侧歪，两个病人把这个家庭带入了贫困的深渊，谁知手术后的大女儿一家，又突遇车祸，还需要张凤英帮助。她家里有二百四十亩草场，每年可以获得一千三百五十元钱的草场补贴，又在国家扶贫项目款的支持下，买了一匹马，入到旅游点经营分红，但是由于自己的身体和家境情况，她再不能通过其劳动方式获得收益，因此脱贫问题没有解决。 <br /> 为此，代小飞领着苏木干部和工作队成员，在旅游区走了四天，挨家挨户向旅游宾馆的老板们化缘。事情正如他们事前的预料，不顺利。你一提赞助贫困户，有的老板就说了，出钱可以，但我们的钱来得的也不容易，领导给点政策吧。一问要什么政策，他便狮子大开口，给我们减免景区门票吧。代小飞知道，如果减免了，他们家的旅游点会涌来很多客人，但集体的收益就要受损失；还有的老板，要求乡政府给修污水处理设施，解决经营性难题，代小飞说，我目前能给你解决的，就是在旗里的媒体上和我们的公众号上给你做做广告，招揽一下生意，结果老板们不干，谈话只得到此终止。<br /> 就在即将空手而归的时候，他们走进了郭宏明的宾馆，一进去感觉就不一样，敞亮大气，各种设施优质精细，每一个细节都像长远做事儿的样子。郭宏明没有二话，说，要多少吧，应该的。后来，郭宏明一口气签下了三份扶助合同，直接帮助三户贫困户三年，每户三千元， 从2016年到现在，只要扶贫方面有什么需求，他总是第一个慷慨解囊。2019年世界减贫学习班，在赤峰市举办，来自非洲贫困地区的学员，到乌兰布统参观，又是郭宏明出资，免费为这个团队提供了丰盛的午餐。郭宏明说，这是广告，让朋友们尝尝我们草原上的美食，通过舌尖的记忆把我们中国的乌兰木统草原的美和好传播出去。有郭宏明带头，通过苏木反复做工作，终于将旅游十七家企业组织起来，成立了乌兰布统旅游协会， 互相协调，直接帮助贫困户十八家，为苏木脱贫攻坚贡献了力量。<br /> 黄芩塔拉的的村民纷纷摘掉了贫困户的帽子，代小飞代表镇政府把一面锦旗送到了郭宏明的宾馆。郭宏明上台讲话，他说我1991年入党，是个老党员，就应该全心全意为人民做事，再说了，我在当地经营，没有大家的共同富裕，哪有我的富裕……这话把代小飞听得心热，眼泪止不住地就流了出来。<br /> 经过扶贫攻坚这一历史性的决战，乌拉布统苏木已是美丽与发展双赢，生活和生态和谐，黄芩塔拉嘎查更是旧貌变新颜。“我们的生活比以前好很多，多亏代苏木达为大家找出路”，“为人民办实事”“老百姓的贴心人”“代苏木达人真不错”这是常从百姓口中听到的对他的评价。<br /> <br /> == Part 26 ==<br /> 铁打的女人魏淑利<br /> 男人们回到家 ，呼哧呼哧吞进去两大碗饭，便一心无挂地倒头睡去。是的，他们真的太累了。其实，营子里还有比他们更累的人，那就是铁打的女人们 。 <br /> 脱贫攻坚开始了，在致富的道路上，女人们心怀世上最朴素的真理——幸福的生活靠劳动创造 ，挺起了柔弱的肩膀，咬定青山不放松，不断地给自己加重量，加勇气，主内也主外，生活和创业两不误，一步步拉住了梦想的手。 <br /> 在赤峰草原山地那些贫困的营子里，我看到了这样一种生活。<br /> “种黄瓜茄子时，大棚的温度要高一些，最低19－20度，最高可以到30度，种西红柿时，大棚的温度要低1-2度。尖椒棚能种豆角，西红柿棚不能种豆角，容易得白粉病。一个白粉虱一夜能产几千只卵，能毁掉一垄菜……”宁城县哈尔脑村的建档立卡特贫困户毕迎立家的女主人魏淑利，通过从事阳光温室种植，于2019年摘掉了贫困户帽子，也成了阳光温室种植蔬菜的高手。面对我的采访，她说得头头是道。<br /> 在宁城县，日光温室大棚一座连着一座，把每一个村子，每一个乡镇都连了起来。发展设施农业，是宁城县脱贫攻坚的成功之路。时至初冬，外面的世界已经是枯黄色的了，风冷飕飕的，夹杂着一点小雪。我们推开种植大棚的门，一股暖风和满眼绿色扑面而来。魏淑利从枝壮叶盛的西红柿秧子丛中走出来，手上沾着泥土，她正在开闸浇灌这些成长中的秧苗。<br /> 说起脱贫以前的生活，眼泪浸透满了魏淑利的眼睛 。<br /> 魏淑利和她的丈夫都是农村青年，当初结婚，真的是手无分文，只靠着每年种十二亩旱地为生。2014年他们还没有自己的住房，每年花四千元，租住在一间商场的间壁房里，间壁墙是木板的，一到冬天，风呼呼地吹进屋，大人孩子半夜常常被冻醒。 <br /> 在赤峰农村，一般是一对夫妻两个孩子，人们最理想的是一儿一女。如此这般，一个家庭里便有了知道疼父母的小棉袄，也有了支撑门户的顶梁柱。毕迎立和魏淑利的第一个孩子是个女儿，当魏淑利第二次怀孕的时候，他们期盼着生个儿子，这也是人之常情。没想到魏淑利的第二胎是一对儿可爱的双胞胎女儿。魏淑利跟我讲，这两个孩子小时候身体不好，三天两头生病，有点流感什么的，这对双胞胎一准儿摊上，镇医院的门槛都要被她们娘几个给踏破了，可想而知他们这个家庭的压力有多大。<br /> 当魏淑利发现自己第二次怀上了双胞胎的时候，她和丈夫并没有喜出望外的感觉，相反变得愁眉不展。上一对双胞胎生出来到养大，全靠亲戚朋友帮忙，东借西凑，再来一对双胞胎可怎么是好啊？医生严肃的告诉他们，魏淑利已经做过阑尾炎等三次手术，加上年龄偏大，只能顺其自然了。结果，这一对双胞胎只保住了一个男孩。<br /> 四个孩子的吃穿用度，加上出生时的医疗费，把这个家彻底压垮了。<br /> 改革开放已经快四十年了，在中国农村，虽然还有相当多的贫困人口，但是吃不上饭的人家基本没有了。魏淑利告诉我，当时我们家真是到了吃了上顿愁下顿的程度。<br /> 屋漏偏逢连阴雨。2005年，毕迎立到天津打工，上班第一天，就出了事故。他从在建的十四层楼上摔了下来，还算幸运，落在了钢筋的空隙里，保住了性命，不幸的是，造成了两根肋骨骨折，不能工作养家了。<br /> 由于多次手术和长期的超负荷劳动，这个六口之家唯一的劳动力魏淑利，也患上了腰间盘突出症和高血压症，由于长期使用激素，在一定程度上消损了她原本年轻健康的体质。她看上去挺胖，实际上很虚，动不动就一头汗水。<br /> 这一对夫妻看看身边四个没有长大的孩子，满心都是忧愁。怎么办？能帮助他们的亲戚已经竭尽所能了，该想的办法都想过了，家里就要过不下去了。那时候真是想死都死不起啊，魏淑利流着眼泪说。<br /> 都说再苦不能苦孩子，再穷不能不让孩子上学。可是到了这个份上，一切自己都无法说了算，你拿什么去实现这个“不能”？就是在这种“不能”的生活中 ，大女儿不知道什么时候长大了，每天给她的饭钱，原本很少，她宁可饿着也不肯花，省下来到晚上放学，给急需营养的小弟弟买一根小香肠；为了分担母亲的压力，她决定去考职业学校，这样就可以早一些参加工作，挣到钱。十七岁的她，正值爱美爱玩花季。别的女同学放了学，就扎堆在小超市里，买各种喜欢吃的零食，选各好玩又漂亮的小饰品，而魏淑利的大女儿放学总是立即回到家，因为事情多得做不完 她要辅导两个妹妹的功课，还要洗全家的衣服，帮助妈妈做饭。而那一对双胞胎姐妹，也显得比同龄的孩子懂事很多，她们从不向爸爸妈妈要零嘴吃，家里吃饭的时候，她们说不爱吃肉，其实是想把那一点点肉，留给受伤的爸爸；就连家里最小的弟弟，在外面看着别人家孩子吃零食的时候，明明嘴里的垂涎要出来了，也知道赶紧扭过头去。<br /> 魏淑利告诉我：“那时候我们两口子整天都在绝望中，也就是不能死，不能让四个孩子没有爹娘，于是靠着这个想法一天天支撑着活着。要不是脱贫攻坚的各项政策来了，我们还不知道会过成什么样。<br /> 村里来人了，乡里也来人了，第一书记来了，扶贫办的领导也来了。每一个人都不是来嘘寒问暖的，他们实实在在，把我们家的困难问题一项一项厘清分类，与国家的扶贫政策逐一对接起来。你看看，顶数我们家享受的国家政策多了——健康扶贫，建档立卡的贫困户，有医保，还有大病兜底，有钱治病，孩子他爸爸的伤也治好了，孩子们有点毛病，也不用去赊账借钱了，我的身体也到旗医院和市医院治过了，你看这不也能每天开着电动车出去照看大棚、学技术了；现在孩子上学学费全免，还有好几项补助，也不用一到开学的日子，就害怕看孩子们伸出小手要钱了。对了，是异地搬迁的好政策， 把我们一家从连阴天里送到了温暖的日头地儿里来了——2018年，我们做梦都不敢想的事情真的发生了，我们自己仅掏了一万块钱，就得到了九十五平米的易地搬迁楼房，你看，有不断流儿的上下水，有比火墙子还热乎的暖气，还安装上了网络，孩子们学习，我求个医问个药什么的，连门都不用出。俺家那口子伤养好了，又出去到北京打工修地铁去了。搬家的时候，我给他打电话说新房子钥匙到手了，他说你别逗了，真的就要一万块？我说那绝对是真的不是假的，这么大事我能逗你吗。他说，这么快啊，我说，你瞧好吧，不等你回来，我和咱丫头，今个儿就开始搬家，让你过年回来住新房。<br /> 俺们那口子回来的时候，那激动的心情简直没法儿形容。他上了楼，推开门，就站到原地不动了。他不敢进门，以为进入了别人的家。摸摸墙，墙又光滑又白净，摸摸暖气，热乎乎的，把潮湿的围巾往上一搭，不一会就干了，厨房里，不仅有了自来水，还有了净水器和煤气炉，三个丫头也有了一个单独的房间，室内有了洗澡洗头地方，有了带抽水马桶的卫生间，十分方便。我家那口子乐得两个眼睛眯成了一条线，他把日夜想念的小子丫头们往胸前一搂，用满是胡子的脸蹭着他们的笑脸，眼泪立马就流出来了。他说：“你们都好好地给我长，长大了，也做一个能帮助穷人的人。”<br /> 转过年，政府号召我们贫困户参与到设施农业中去，这样我们家这种贫困户，就会有造血功能和发展的后劲。我就申请了两个阳光温室，开始种植蔬菜，发展后续产业。”<br /> 一个女人，带着四个孩子，种植两个大棚的蔬菜，家里外头，她一天得有多少活儿要做啊，她的两只手能忙过来吗？<br /> 单说料理这两个大棚的西红柿吧，一年种两季，二月保护地育苗，四月下旬定植，六月中、下旬进入采收期，第二季七月份育苗，八月定植，十月开始采收。从第一天种下种籽开始，一直到摘果包装进入市场，蓄水保墒、搭架绑蔓，整枝打杈、通风透光、防治病虫害、 温度调节掌控，其中的工序细节，那是一个接一个，一环扣一环，要求管理者像个育婴师一样，从白天呵护着秧苗到黑天，把黑天也当做白天一样使唤，一刻也不能粗心大意，一刻也不能拖拖拉拉。<br /> 魏淑利属于初学乍练，第一年，她每天追着农业技术指导员问，下载APP小龙人学，每天早上四点钟就骑着三轮摩托来到大棚开始干活儿。她要适时开启滴灌，不停地调整大棚的通风程度，还要根据西红柿植株生长情况，追肥调温，保花保果。棚里的秧苗和果实，可以说是魏淑利一分一秒盯着长起来的，只有她能看得出来，她回家吃一顿饭的功夫，那青里透红的小柿子果，又有了哪些变化。<br /> 直到有一天，她在铺大棚苫帘的时候，从棚顶摔了下来，导致腰间盘受伤，人们才知道魏淑利为了管理这两个大棚付出了多少汗水和泪水。<br /> 当时，魏淑利一个人，扶着腰，忍痛地在地上爬起来，慢慢地爬上她的小三轮摩托，到药店，买了些筋骨伤痛膏药，贴上，像什么事儿也没有发生那样，回到了大棚。晚上，细心的大女儿发现妈妈身体的异样，魏淑利赶紧嘱咐孩子，可不敢告诉你爸爸，他知道了肯定要回来照顾家，那样工资就没了，不回来，他也会惦记的要命，可不敢再让他分散注意力了。<br /> 人的成功，往往是在和一个个困难的搏斗中完成的。魏淑利的成功看似很渺小，无非是在生活的重压之下，一年内成功种植了两季西红柿，收入三万五千元，按照国家相关扶贫政策，摘掉了贫困户帽子。其中的艰难，她说得轻描淡写——有老妈帮助我接孩子，不用每天下午四点半放下大棚里的活儿，回来接孩子，不用早上给孩子们做饭，再送他们上学，顾上这头顾不上那头，我专心忙乎大棚，也不算太累。我想着今年要是西红柿行情好，把饥荒还清，明年再加两个棚呢。<br /> 在我的刨根问底的时候，她才想起来，自己在大棚工作的时候，身体对西红柿秧苗过敏，一连几个月，浑身红肿瘙痒，甚至感染结痂……由于春秋两季，一早一晚温度低，露水重，她长时间在湿寒的环境下工作，浑身的关节痛越来越严重，一年中有过两次，不能走路，上不去自己的小三轮电动车。说到这里，她腼腆地一笑，说，要不是您问我，我还真想不起来这些。<br /> 我执意要到魏淑利的家里看看。快中午了，魏淑利的母亲正在厨房做午饭，一盖帘白面蒸饺出锅了，散发出一阵阵香味。孩子们回来了，屋子里顿时沸腾起来，两个双胞胎小姐姐，长得苗条白皙，她们穿着同样鲜艳的冲锋衣，梳着同样两条油亮的发辫，在屋里走来走去，煞是好看，让人分不出来二人哪个是姐姐哪个是妹妹。她们率性自然地嬉笑着，完全看不出和城里的孩子有什么不同，小弟弟见到姐姐，顿时开始疯闹撒娇，我问一个小姐姐，愿意带弟弟玩吗，她眉头一皱说，才不愿意呢。引得我们哈哈大笑。<br /> 魏淑利说，过去我一看孩子就发愁，现在我一想到这些孩子长大以后的情形，从心里往外乐呵。<br /> 魏淑利的老母亲招呼我们在她家一起吃饺子，我们起身告辞。<br /> 魏淑利把我们送到楼下，自己也启动了电动车，她还要去大棚，接着给西红柿沾花，沾花是当地的说法，我想好像就是人工授粉。我说，那你怎么不吃完饭去，她告诉我，这点活儿需要趁着上午的气温赶紧干，不然下午一降温就做不成了。<br /> 魏淑利骑着三轮电动车的身影渐渐远去了，我知道她会离自己的梦想越来越近的。<br /> <br /> 3、适时采果。西红柿成熟有绿熟、变色、成熟、完熟4个时期。贮存保鲜可在绿熟期采收。运输出售可在变色期（果实的1/3变红）采摘。就地出售或自食应在成熟期即果实1/3以上变红时采摘。采收时应轻摘轻放，摘时最好不带果蒂，以防装运中果实相互被刺伤。初霜前，如还有没熟的青果，应采下后贮藏在温室内，待果实变熟后再上市，这样既延长了供应期，又增加了经济效益。<br /> 冬暖大棚西红柿种植管理技术<br /> 暖大棚西红柿的管理包括温度管理、光照管理、肥水管理、植株调整等，要采取分阶段管理的方法，根据不同阶段、不同的天气条件和植株生长特点，来采取不同的管理措施，管理要点不一样。<br /> 在魏淑利的嘴里，这些辛苦劳累都不算什么——有我老妈帮着接孩子，也还行。<br /> <br /> == Part 27 ==<br /> 我知道你这是为谁<br /> 赤峰有两个很有知名度的村党支部书记。一个是林西县的刘振林，一个是翁牛特旗的潘向学。在林西见过了刘振林，到翁牛特旗，必须见见潘向学。<br /> 潘向学所在的五分地镇东他拉村，距离旗政府所在的乌丹镇大约五十多公里。从这个村子的名字上，可以回溯出这里从前的地理状况。他拉是蒙语，甸子的意思。在东他拉的北侧还有东北他拉村，正北他拉村，那一定是农耕进入草原的过程，汉族人口口相传留下的名字。一路上，我细细观察，发现这一带的确开阔平坦，从高速公里两侧的土质和植被，隐隐地能看出些许科尔沁沙地的禀赋，而今一路耕地万顷，设施农业的大棚连绵不断。农耕文明在这片古老的草原上扎根已久，生机勃勃。<br /> 在不到一小时的车程中，我一直在听杨明霞讲潘向学和东他拉的故事。杨明霞是赤峰市扶贫办政策法规科负责人，走遍了赤峰九万余平方公里的每一个旗县，包括那里的大部分村镇，说起全市脱贫攻坚战线的人和事，总是满怀深情，如数家珍。<br /> 东他拉村是五分地镇所辖的村庄里面积最大、人口最多的一个村，人口超过三千，面积有五十三平方公里。赤峰的耕地，分旱地和水浇地。一般水浇地多一些的地方，相对好生活一些。东他拉村有一条不大的河流，有一个游牧民族留下的名字，叫板石吐河。许多年以来，这条河一直和东他拉农人的小康之梦紧紧缠绕在一起。<br /> 二十年前，潘向学作为一个新上任的、年富力强的村书记，发动几百人的村民大会战，从板石吐河中开出一条通渠，引水进村，一下子使全村增加了七百多亩水浇地，东他拉人乐得胡子翘到耳朵上，屁股撅到天上，脑袋扎在泥土里，一垄一畦地侍弄着庄稼。那清格凌凌的水啊，滋润在干涸的土地上，也永远地记忆在老少爷们儿的心里。<br /> 时过境迁，而今，板石吐河水已经断流，东他拉人只能打机井浇地，但还是得靠板石吐河，井位必须沿着板石吐河的水脉走，才能打出水来。2013年，东他拉人均收入不到三千元。用现在的脱贫标准来看，不是全村有多少个贫困户的问题，而是整个东他拉，是不是整体贫困村的问题。眼看着板石吐河道的水位一年年下沉，村里的年轻人一波一波往外走，东他拉人的致富梦更加迫切。<br /> 潘向学组织党支部全体成员坐下来讨论，全国农村都在脱贫致富奔小康，我们东他拉该怎么办？因地制宜的项目还是有的，办合作社，养牛，养猪，机械化种玉米杂粮，种草药、种木耳，都是可圈可点的好项目，但是启动这些项目，需要投入资金。大家异口同声地说，大胆点儿，利用金融扶贫政策，鼓励大家贷款，然后盯着家家户户，帮他们请农业技术指导员，帮他们解决随时出现的困难，坚持下去就会踏上致富之路。<br /> 还真是一毛钱难倒英雄汉，越穷，越借不到钱。党支部发现了一个十分普遍的问题，贫困户想贷款，几乎没有富裕户愿意为他们担保。这也不能怪富裕户，贫苦户的状态，在当时看上去，就是一个难以填满的无底洞，有五口人四个大病的人家，有只剩两个六十多岁老人的人家，有好吃懒做每天就想着天上掉馅饼的懒汉，有不走正道惹是生非的二流子，别看他们把胸脯子拍的当当响，说丰收了，一定还钱，富裕户还是直摇头。老潘书记觉得，富裕户的态度可以理解。东他拉没有发横财的人家，富裕户咋成的富裕户，别人不知道，老潘书记心里清楚，那是起早贪黑，靠一颗颗汗珠子生把土坷垃泡软，再把种下的粮食一粒粒攒起来，换来的几个血汗钱和一些家产。手里的这点家当，谁不是夜里枕在梦里，白天挂在心上，你看看他们平日里吃的多清淡，穿的多廉价，就知道，如果真的让他们失去这点血汗钱，就等于要了他们的命。<br /> 党支部把全体党员找来了，把村民代表找了来，把村里德高望重的长者找来了，把富裕户代表也找来了——请你们给咱东他拉想个辙，支个招儿，咱们一起努力，让东他拉过上好日子。 集思广益，“三链互助”扶贫模式就这样创造出来了。第一条链叫亲情链。农村里的老户，绕来绕去，家家都是亲戚，亲戚之间，贫富差距不一，党支部就动员富裕户帮助穷亲戚，由富裕户带领贫困亲戚外出打工，或为其贫困户亲戚提供贷款担保、信息技术，帮助他们发展养牛、养羊产业使其脱贫致富。第二条链叫互需链，有的富裕户生产资料充足，信息快，技术高、信誉好，其产业有良好基础，就是缺少劳动力，缺少耕地、草场等资源，正好和缺乏资金、信息、技术但有富余劳动力、耕地、草场等资源的贫困户结对，形成互补的平等帮扶。第三个叫责任链，对在村里没有富裕亲戚，又没有劳动力和生产资料的贫困户，由村干部和党员兜底，履行扶贫责任和义务，因人施策，对他们进行帮扶 。<br /> 万事开头难。三链互助一经推开，受到大部分村民的欢迎，不过，并非所有人都愿意投入其中。阻力来不仅来自于一些富裕户，还来自于一些贫困户。富裕户这样说，我帮他，那不就是给他们扛活吗？帮好了没我啥事儿，帮不好还要受埋怨；贫困户中有的人说：“我用得着他帮吗，我不会种地，还不会养个牲畜，给点饲料就长的东西，我非拿到他家干啥？”<br /> 老潘又一次召开村两委会议，他说咱们这头一脚若是踢不出去，往后的工作就不好推进了。于是大家开始分头做工作，劝说不愿意加入亲情链和互需链的村民赶紧行动起来。<br /> 干部们出发了，进一家，出一家，终于把问题解决得差不多了。这时出状况了。富裕户郭守生成了老大难，无论怎么说，就是不同意带贫困户。他说亲戚远来香，邻居隔大墙，往一起凑付没好事儿。别的就没话了，干部们再来，他连头都不抬一下，忙乎着给牛添草饮水，脸上冷冰冰地，像啥都没看见似的。<br /> 村里给郭守生安排的亲情链上有两家贫困户，一家是他的叔丈人，就是他妻子的叔叔，一家是他的堂兄弟。郭守生平常爱动脑子，勤快认干，做什么事情有头有尾，他养的几十头牛，毛皮锃亮，腰圆腿粗，母牛倒日子就揣犊子，公牛肥肥的每次都能买上好价钱。对那些过日子不着调，没事儿扔下活计就出去打对调（扑克）、扯闲篇逗闷子的人，他是死活看不上的。他的叔丈人身体有病不假，但是也有干活不着调的毛病，表兄弟呢，身后有拉了好多年的饥荒，看着也是一时半会也翻不了身。<br /> 村干部灰心丧气地回来了，跟潘书记汇报说，看来铁嘴钢牙也说不动这个郭守生了，不行拉倒吧，别劝他了。潘书记一听，有点上火，他说这是退一步地阔天宽的事儿吗？不是，好多富裕户好像都在看着郭守生，其实是在看着党支部，党支部做不通郭守生的工作，要是他不带贫困户，别人就有话说了。<br /> 老潘来到郭守生家。第一次，郭守生不在，他就把自己的意思告诉了郭守生媳妇。让郭守生给他回个电话。等了一天，郭守生也没有回话，一向沉得住气的老潘，又去一趟。<br /> 郭守生对老潘是很尊敬的，他看见老潘进门，忙放下手里的饲草叉子，洗了手，让老潘屋里坐，喊媳妇赶紧沏茶。老潘说，别介，我看看那你的牛。<br /> 牛圈里打扫得干干爽爽，地上没有一摊牛粪。母牛牛角油亮，小公牛和小牛犊毛皮像缎子似的发光。老潘不由夸郭守生说，守生啊，你可真是个好把式。<br /> 郭守生嘿嘿地笑着，说对付事儿吧。<br /> 老潘说，你这小公牛到入冬大概卖多少钱？<br /> 郭守生说，潘书记，你心里明镜似的，还问我。<br /> 老潘说那小牛犊呢？<br /> 郭守生不好意思了不说了，他说，大的一万出头，小的五六千吧。<br /> 老潘说，那你不用说从前几年卖的，就这眼下的一圈牛，就够你吃个五年六年的吧。<br /> 郭守生还是嘿嘿笑。<br /> 老潘说我问你，亲戚朋友，左邻右舍，家里有个逢难遭灾，站到你家牛圈跟前哭个穷，你好意思让人家空手回去吗？你的活思想我猜，是担心带贫困户跳到坑里去？<br /> 告诉你，现在的扶贫政策，一个接一个，都是实实惠惠的，人家贫困户带着牛来入股，不会让你吃亏，中间遇到啥事儿，还有村里帮你呢。<br /> 郭守生说，潘书记，您昨天来，我媳妇跟我说了，我想了一宿，半明白，您这又来了，我便全明白了。您这是为了谁呀，还不是和2000年修大渠一样，为的是全村人吗。 <br /> 郭守生对老书记那是一百个响头都舍得绝对服气。2000年修大渠的事，深深记在他的心里。<br /> 那时候潘向学还是没有被大家称为老书记，四十不到，刚刚被选为村支书。他自幼在东他拉长大，从二十多岁就当村干部，琢磨着怎样让东他拉富起来，琢磨二十来年了。那时候农村种地就是靠天吃饭，不下雨，干旱，说绝收就绝收，说减产就减产，农民累吐血，老天不给面子，那才是叫人伸着两手干瞪眼呢。 耳朵听着板石吐河，从早到晚哗啦啦地从村北面流过去，东他拉人正是眼泪汪汪干着急。<br /> 潘向学决定拼一把。他请来了水利部门进行了勘察设计，要修筑一条渠，把板石吐河的水引出来一股，送到东他拉的旱地里，让旱地变成祖祖辈辈盼望的水浇地，有了水浇地，东他拉就可以旱涝保收，不愁饿肚子了。结果却让全村老少大失所望。为什么呢？因为板石吐河道和东他拉的耕地间，有一个低洼地，把水引出来不难，可是水流到低洼地里，再爬上来进入旱田可就难了。只能把低洼地垫高，在上面修渠！专项资金不够，省着用，劳力不够，潘向学在村里召开了动员大会，第二天施工现场就来了五六百人，男男女女，老老少少，都来了，连平常不出院子的白发老太婆也蒸了玉米饼子，一步一打颤地来了，放假在家的学生们也跟着父母来了。一片彩旗，扎在山沟里，大喇叭里的回响着《我的祖国》《我们走在大路上》的歌声，间或还有妇女委员宣读表扬稿的清脆声音，气氛好不热烈。是啊，为了即将到来的好日子而劳动，谁能不兴高采烈，谁能不斗志昂扬呢！<br /> 低洼地拉拉被垫高了两米多，形成一个大底座，从板石吐河开掘出来的大渠径直通过这个大底座，终于把水引到了东他拉的旱地里。此一举，让东他拉村增加了七百五十亩水浇地。从此只要深深地躬下身子，埋头苦干，便是衣食无忧无尽无休的好日子了。<br /> 一鼓作气，引水渠大功告成。潘向学一声令下，打开水闸，放水啦——水流像波浪形的翡翠，一边跳舞一边奔跑，孩子们在渠旁跟着那水流疯跑着，瞬间就跑到了大底座上面，这时候农民土造的大渠，有点经不住考验了——水大，几乎要漫出渠口，渠壁是用泥土一点点夯实垒砌的，不知道能否经得住如此水流的冲泡，但是水已经超过渠面，泥土渠壁也微微渗水。潘向学火烧眉毛，站在渠边，目不转睛地盯着渠水。突然，周围的乡亲看到他解开了棉袄的扣子，穿着秋衣秋裤喊了一声：“上沙袋子！”就走下了渠中，站在了湍急的水流中。水就要齐胸了，不时地推涌着他，他定定神，站稳，接过沙袋子，开始码着渠壁往上砌。一袋，两袋，三袋，当他把第一摞沙袋砌到渠口的高度时，他看见身旁有又多了好几个人，是村干部全都下水了，不一会党员、团员、青壮年村民，全都下水了！水温零上十几度，人体三十六度五，外面的秋风嗖嗖地刮，水中的人们不敢停滞片刻，只有不停地搬沙袋，砌沙袋，用全身的热汗对冲着冰水，才不至于打哆嗦。<br /> 加固加厚了渠壁，潘向学一班人马被外面的人拉出渠的时候，天已经黯淡下来，气温已经下降到零下十几度，还没他们换上家里送来的干衣服，身上的秋衣秋裤已经在他们的身上冻着了铁片，咔咔直响，一折就要断层碎片。<br /> 望着水渠安安稳稳地把水送上了村里七百五十亩耕地的旁边，老婆婆和媳妇们呜呜地就哭起来了，很少流泪的潘向学眼睛也发热了。乡亲们说，潘书记快回村，大碴子粥熬了一大锅，热热呼呼，还有大酱腌的咸菜疙瘩，油滋啦炖豆角，等着给你们庆功呢。<br /> 潘向学说，拿件棉衣服，装点饭送来，我回去也不放心。很快，村民们点燃了熊熊的篝火，潘向学和他的村两委一班人，就坐在篝火旁，慢慢嘬一壶滚烫的自己村里酿的大老散白酒，守着水渠，度过了通水的第一夜。送水成功，水渠安全，他们才放心离开。<br /> 郭守生对老书记那是绝对服气。2000年修大渠的事，深深记在他的心里。正像村里当年在场的乡亲们传说的一样，在郭守生的心中，潘向学搬着沙袋与湍急的冷水搏斗的身影，就和电影《创业》中王进喜在油井里用身体搅拌原油一样，都是真正的共产党员，人民信得过的带头人。<br /> 郭守生这人办事，说话实诚，用村里的话说，一口吐沫一个钉，他说既然答应了老书记，不干则已，干就干好！<br /> 只有那些说怪话，不愿意加入互助模式的贫困户，潘向学也有招儿。你不是说自己养的东西，用不着交给别人搭人情，自己也能养吗，那就让他们试试。结果，一半年过去那些人傻眼了，人家互助合作的小组的牛，溜光水滑，该揣犊子的都鼓起了大肚子，自己养的牛，真的不行，瘦骨嶙峋，没两头肚子有动静的。他们便忙三迭四地到了村委会，请村委会帮着他们去求的富裕户的谅解。就这样，三链互助扶贫模式迅速在全村推行，当年就见了很好的效果。<br /> 东他拉村2014年初识别建档立卡户341户，是全翁牛特旗的旗重点贫困村，现在东他拉村共有74个三链式互助扶贫联合体，为280户村民争取金融扶贫贷款1375万元，贫困户利用贷款发展养殖业，年户均增收5000元。 牛存栏已由当初的不足700头发展到2500多头 ；羊存栏从不到3000只发展到10000多只，总计年人均增收在3000元以上。全村实现脱贫。<br /> 车进东他拉村，整洁的环境，不由让我吃惊。在村委会院子里，一个村民正推着小车，在打扫院子收垃圾。我以为这是一个贫困户，正在公益岗上工作。<br /> 我走过去一问，那个村民告诉我，这不是公益岗，就是一种个人习惯，每天不出来打扫村子就觉得心里发空。和他一样，在村里不同地方打扫环境卫生的，还有好几个人，这些人年龄大了，没有太多的活计，自从大前年，村干部带头扫街以后，他们就自愿这样做了，就是过年过节也没停下来。一坚持就是三四年，我觉得真是难能可贵。<br /> 老潘书记和五分地镇的镇长，在村委会等我。我一端详潘书记，不像五十九岁，像五十四五，看来在他的称谓前面加一个老字，有点不太合适。虽说他的脸黝黑，带着风雨剥蚀的岁月印记，但是这人精神旺盛，体魄健硕。村民叫一声他老潘书记，语气里带着敬重和信任。<br /> 我先问潘书记村里的志愿者的事儿。<br /> 老潘书记说，几十年来，村里贫困不说，脏乱差的问题很严重，出门走两步，就得踩上一脚牛粪羊粪，村民也还是围个窝睡觉，端个碗吃饭的就习惯，把垃圾倒得可那都是，苞米皮子，煤灰加上泔水猪粪就倒在当街上。冬天冻成冰坨子，春风来了满天飞。你看那老百姓吧，不怕老师笑话，个个灰头土脸，耳朵里一掏一坨泥，浑身沾满了草屑污渍。村党支部开会动员家家打扫环境卫生，他们说好吃不如饺子，好受不过倒着，一天到晚挺累的，哪有力气整乡村文明的那些事儿。<br /> 我们一看，这样下去怎么能行，于是为把激励村民竞相发展生产和引导树立文明乡风结合起来，第一个举措就是村干部上街，带头打扫环境卫生。说起来挺逗，我们第一天出来，村民发现之后，也出来了，他们不开自己家大门，躲在门缝里看我们干活儿，偷偷笑，说肯定是上头来检查的了，也就一阵风就过去了，没想到第二天，第三天，一部分村民一些看不下去了，拿着扫帚加入了村干部的行列，直到第四天，街道被打扫得干干净净，村民们提着土篮子出门了，一看，不忍心在随地倒垃圾了，当还是懒得远走，便把垃圾拎着往自家院子旮旯一倒了事。老潘书就说，咱们分组进院子，我就不信他们能看得下眼儿去。干部和党员给村民扫院子，可不得了，村民们这回真有点羞愧难当了。躺着的跳下炕，看电视打扑克的走出屋子，纷纷从干部们手里抢夺下工具，自己动手干起来了。<br /> 随后，我们推出了村民“积分卡”制度，凡产业发展得好、扶贫政策掌握得好、门前卫生搞得好、孝老爱亲、邻里和睦的通过评定都能获得积分，1积分顶0.5元，凭积分卡可以到村“爱心超市”领取生活物品。现在，村民都比着干，有不积极的户，念书的孩子就督促父母了，咱家为啥积分不如人家呢？为了给自己孩子做榜样，家家也都往好了干。积分实际上并不能换来多少值钱的东西，关键是一种精神推动。”<br /> <br /> 坐在一旁的的五分地镇镇长插话说，火车跑得快，全靠车头带。潘书记一班人自己坐得端，行的正，干的实，他们张罗什么事儿，大家都听，东他拉才有现在的好风气。 <br /> 我发现跟潘向学问起村里的情况，他侃侃而谈，如数家珍，可是一说他自己的事儿，他总是三言两语，一带而过，我一再追问，还是三言两语。<br /> 我说潘书记啊，我知道村书记的工资很少，那你整天在外面忙，家来靠什么过日子呢？他回答，种六十多亩地，我和老伴儿两个人一起种。<br /> 我说，你有空吗，他说老伴儿辛苦点。<br /> 我说没养点牛吗？他说没养，我说为啥，他说顾不过来。我说，你也加入合作组呗。他说那可不行，咱这身份，就不好给大家平衡事儿了。<br /> 我说潘书记，你家一年能收入多少钱，据我所知，村里的干部往往都是富裕户。<br /> 潘书记说，我们家也不错，一年种地能闹个五六万，加上我的工资，孩子都出去了，我们老两口也没啥别的用钱地方，完全够了。所以，我不用想着家来怎么发展，家里的事儿想多了，村里的事儿就会想的少了，在这个问题上两手都要抓，两头都要赢，恐怕有难度。<br /> 我追问，那你什么时间下地劳动。<br /> 潘书记说，也就是见缝插针，老伴辛苦呗，她偶尔会叨咕几句，叨咕几句就让她叨咕吧，听着别吭声，就过去了。<br /> 镇长插话说，咱们老潘书记啊，办事公道，一心为公。这些年，镇政府的门槛都要被他踏破了，他找领导，没有一次是为自己什么事儿，全是村里的事儿。平常镇里填报什么表，整得最清楚的肯定是东他拉，开会，从来提前到会的也总是他，他为了村里的事儿，那是咬定青山不撒口，非办成不可。有一次，东他拉的自来水出了点毛病，那是晚上十一点多的事儿了。他来电话，请我们帮着找技术员来给检修一下，都那么晚了，怎么也得等到第二天啊，我说老潘，你先把总闸关了吧，明天上班就给你派人修。他担心供不上水，就一个人抽着他的老旱烟，坐在水泵房，守了一夜，第二天早上工人来了，看将人家老潘两眼通红地，在门前迎他们呢。<br /> 镇长的话，老潘书记也不接。他掐断了手里的烟，对我说，老师好不容易来一趟，咱们到村里转转。不知道老师需要看什么。<br /> 我说我情况也不熟，请潘书记引领把。镇长说他们的养殖和种植产业都做得很好， 特别扎实，效益相当好。潘书记给我推荐了农村好媳妇董丽华，还有特困户潘风一家。<br /> 董丽华是全村树文明创新风活动中大家投票评选出来的好媳妇。过去，这一带农村流传着这样的顺口溜：三金一踹移在外。什么意思呢？就是说，如果儿子要娶媳妇，媳妇像婆家提出的基本要求是要有金项链、金耳环、金戒指和一辆摩托车，外加要把公婆移到别的房子里单过，媳妇不予照顾奉养。但凡媳妇和公婆住在一起的人家，没有不打架闹矛盾的。可是董丽华可不是这样，她嫁到婆家，家里不仅有公婆，还有奶奶婆婆，八十多岁的老人，基本不能自理，新媳妇嫁过来，就每天给奶奶洗衣喂饭，端屎端尿，洗脚洗头，你不论啥时候见到老太太，都是干干净净的。后来奶奶病重，董丽华就搬到老太太屋里陪护，恐怕夜里老人有个什么闪失。村里没有开展树新风评选活动以前， 大家虽然知道董丽华是个好媳妇，但是家家户户的媳妇谁也没去想，也要争做一个好媳妇，现在，争取当个好媳妇，在全村已经蔚然成风，潘书记说，扶贫先扶志，志气包括文明程度，精神高尚才叫真正的富。<br /> 董丽华正在往屋抱柴火，他们家也是刚刚脱贫的贫困户。丈夫患有甲状腺病，婆婆这几天又发现了冠心病，正在住院。见到我，说起婆婆的病，董丽华说了一句我妈……眼泪就出来了，看得出婆媳之间感情是很深的。 还好，由于享受贫困户的大病兜底政策，董丽华和他的丈夫不用为医疗费犯愁，他们只要照顾好病人，把家里的活干好，绝不会再回到从前的贫困中。<br /> 另外一家姓潘，户主叫潘风。和潘书记是本家。这大概是我赤峰之行见到的生存状况最不如人意一家了。<br /> 这是由四个单身汉艰难维持的家庭。两个一辈子没有娶亲的叔叔，带着两个不到三十岁的智障侄子过日子。镇长提前告诉我，这家是潘书记本人的帮扶对象，给他们安排什么项目都做不了，种点地也总不好，到了春天管潘书记要化肥和种籽，到了冬天管潘书记要柴火，一年到头不时地还出点状况，今天病到一个叔叔，明天跑了一个侄子是随时找你，可以说是挂在潘书记身上的一个大包袱。不过潘书记不这样说，他说咋整，让我不管。我还睡不着呢。<br /> 潘风的父亲解放战争时期参军八年，据说还给一位大首长当过警卫员，在一次战斗中被子弹打穿脚掌，本来解放了，却一个任性就不干了，回乡娶媳妇成家，生了三儿一女。女儿远嫁，由于穷，三个儿子都说不上媳妇，最后父母倾家荡产给老大娶了一个智障媳妇，生下两个智障儿子。另外两个兄弟一直单身，后来老大和他的妻子病逝。这两个单身的叔叔只好接手两个智障的侄子，带着他们一起生活。<br /> 我走进他们家院子，一看，环境并不是我想象的那样颓废，房子是新盖的，满院子堆放着收下的玉米，还养着几头驴，大叔在喂驴。潘书记说，二叔潘风前一阵骨折了，拄着拐呢。进了屋，看到了二叔潘风，那两个智障的侄子也凑到我们跟前。潘风的衣服一看就好久没洗了，衣襟黑亮，像铁片。两个侄子倒是穿的还算整洁，问他们叫啥名字，还能说清楚，站了一会儿，他们就显示出病态了，眼神呆滞，浑身动作不协调。说实话，我再不敢细看这小哥俩，连给他们拍一张照片的勇气都没有。他们的叔叔潘风说他们的身体好多了，那么他们之前的样子我更是不敢想象，无论如何，对于我来说，这两个年轻人，都在述说着这个世界的无情，都是让我们对生命无奈又伤痛的直视。我一向软弱，许多年我宁可选择闭上眼睛，也不愿意看人类的伤口，他们一点错都没有，可是我的怜悯可以给他们一丝丝根本性的帮助吗？生活的残酷，让我手无缚鸡之力的作家，很是害怕。我无语，只好把墙上他们的父亲的军装照拍了下里，留作一种记忆资料。我在赤峰的扶贫攻坚采访全程中，只有他们全家没有留下照片。我知道最后会有一些遗憾，但是我的尽头刻意地回避了这一家人。<br /> 我赶紧转移话题，伸手去摸他们家的炕，炕是有温度的，这让我有些释然，看看他们家的厨房，剩余在锅里的饭食虽然潦草粗糙的，可以看出，他们吃饱是没有问题。两个叔叔已经五十大多，两个侄子也三十多了，这一年年，他们是这么过来的？他们的生活状况告诉我，中国贫困问题的历史沉疴是多么深根深蒂固，而脱贫攻坚之战又是多么刻不容缓。然而，潘风几乎是带着满脸的喜悦告诉我——好多了，比起以前的日子，那是天大的变化。我们原来住在危房里，吃了上顿愁下顿，是潘书记个人出了一万多元，补贴在扶贫危房改造资金里，帮他们买了这套宽敞的新房子，看病费用也百分之百由医保和专项资金报销，我们爷四个种玉米，养几头驴，又得到了扶贫政策的支持，人均收入已经达到目前的脱贫标准。<br /> 看得出潘风一家很知足。我的心情还是有些沉重。 <br /> 拄着拐杖的潘峰一直把我们送到屋外，还要送到大门外，被我坚决拦住。如果让我在他面前坐上汽车，疾驰而去，我会感到羞耻。<br /> 我对潘书记说，我要是当你这个书记，愁也愁死了。<br /> 潘书记说，唉，村里就这样，天天揪着你的心。<br /> 杨明霞告诉我，潘书记四个孩子中 有三个在大城市读书后就业，他老伴很想住到城里去过安逸清闲的日子，潘书记不去，他放不下自己的村子和自己的乡亲。</div> Li Hong