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==202270081643 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)==
==Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements in Animation==
<center>刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu, 202270081643.</center>
===Abstract===
Originating in the 1920s, Chinese animation has always been committed to creating a road with national characteristics and adhering to the tradition of national painting. By exploring the connection between animation creation and Chinese traditional cultural elements, this chapter mainly analyzes the application, inheritance and innovation of Chinese traditional cultural elements in Chinese animation.
===Key Words===
Chinese Traditional Culture; Chinese Animation

===动画中的中国传统文化元素===
===摘要===
中国动画起源于20世纪20年代，始终致力于走具有民族特色的道路，坚持民族绘画传统。本章通过探索中国动画创作与中国传统文化元素之间的联系，主要分析了中国传统文化元素在中国动画中的运用、传承与创新。
===关键词===
中国传统文化，中国动画
===Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements===
“Chinese elements” can be roughly divided into three parts. The first is the inherent elements of China, such as China’s territory, China’s race, China’s climate and so on. The second is the elements of traditional Chinese culture, such as Chinese calligraphy, Chinese knot, Beijing Opera, shadow play, martial arts, etc. The third is China’s modern cultural elements, such as the Beijing Olympic spirit, the culture of China’s famous enterprises and so on. Chinese traditional cultural elements are a very important part of Chinese elements, which are treasures handed down from five thousand years in China.
===Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements in Animation===
In its early development process, Chinese animation actively studied foreign advanced animation technology and art, and greatly improved its animation skills. Chinese animation style, therefore, was inevitably influenced by other countries. In order to explore the national style construction of Chinese animation, Chinese animation artists have drawn nourishment from Chinese traditional culture. The culture of the Chinese nation has a long history and profound cultural heritage, which is an inexhaustible treasure for artists of all artistic categories. The classic elements of traditional Chinese culture, such as traditional Chinese painting, paper cutting, shadow play, calligraphy, Peking opera and so on, not only represent the traditional spirit of the Chinese nation, but also represent a cultural symbol of the Chinese nation in the world. It is the core of the construction of national animation with Chinese characteristics.
====The Monkey King====
The Monkey King, created in 1961—1964, is our first color animated feature film. The role modeling, scene setting, color expression and other aspects of The Monkey King are borrowed from Chinese temple murals, temple art, ancient paintings, folk New Year pictures, opera masks and other traditional forms of artistic expression with Chinese characteristics. Take the image of Sun Wukong in The Monkey King as an example. The image of Sun Wukong in The Monkey King is loyal to the image description of Sun Wukong in the literary original Journey to the West, and many excellent traditional elements are added. On the whole, Sun Wukong in the film is long-limbed and lean, but still clever and vigorous. His has a slender waist, and his limbs are beautifully curved. He can carry himself lightly. The lines of the image are refined like fine brush painting, which makes Sun Wukong look like the Buddha image in Dunhuang fresco. The facial shape of Sun Wukong is morphed from the elements of Chinese opera facial makeup. Among the types of Peking Opera facial makeup, Sun Wukong’s facial makeup belongs to the animal shape of pictographic face, that is, the facial pattern evolved from the pictographic pattern of monkey to represent the character’s own attributes before incarnation.
====Calabash Brothers====
Calabash Brothers is actually a paper-cut animation, which is a form of art film combining traditional techniques such as Chinese folk paper-cut and shadow puppetry. Chinese paper-cut has appeared since the early Tang Dynasty. By hollowing out the paper, it can give people a sense of visual penetration and artistic enjoyment. Shadow play is mainly showed by the leather products which are made by folk artists with hand, knife carving and painted. Behind a white curtain, artists manipulate the puppets while telling stories with popular local tunes, which is called “shadow play”. Paper-cut animation involves folk paper-cut and absorbs the characteristics of shadow play in movement and shape. It uses flat paper to create animated characters, props, backgrounds, etc. A character is often a combination of multiple parts. The movement of each part of the static picture was slowly adjusted by hand, and the various movements of the characters were shot one by one. Such a method is what we call “stop-motion animation”. One by one, the flexible calabash brothers are put out various actions on the painted background pattern, and then photos are taken respectively, and each grid is connected into a cartoon. Although each episode is only a few minutes long, it took two years to shoot thousands of scenes.
Chinese paper-cut cartoons also include Monk Pig Eats Watermelon, Fisherboy, Ginseng Baby, Golden Conch, etc. They are all very excellent animated works.
====Big Fish & Begonia====
The character design of Big Fish & Begonia has a strong Oriental classical charm. There are more than 100 characters in the animation. The creativity and characters’ names refer to a large number of ancient books and allusions. Each character has its own source of creation, such as Chi Songzi, Bai Ze, etc., many of which are inspired by the Classic of Mountains and Seas, the Search of the Gods, the Book of Songs, etc. In the image and costume design of the protagonist Chun, this animation uses the school uniforms, short hair with straight bangs, clothing style of the Republic of China period. Chun as the heir of the birth family, masters the growth of begonia flowers. He is strong and persistent. Although he looks cold and serious in appearance, he is delicate, grateful, responsible and compassionate inside. The image of the character Kun, when he turns into a big fish, is also designed according to the description in A Happy Excursion by Chuang Tzu.

===Conclusion===
The ingenious application of Chinese traditional cultural elements in Chinese animation not only shows the spiritual significance and value of animation works, but also reflects the profound value of Chinese traditional culture behind it. Most Chinese animations have bright national styles. Only in this way can Chinese animation works find their own style and keep moving forward, and Chinese traditional culture is constantly explored in this process, and revitalized through re-creation.
===References===
[1]100 Years of Chinese Animation: Role of traditional culture in development of the industry[J]. M2 Presswire,2022.

[2]Jian Luo. Research on the Characteristics of Chinese Animation[C]//.Proceedings of 2017 4th International Conference on Literature,Linguistics and Arts(ICLLA 2017).,2017:172-175.

[3]Qing Xu,Min Wang. Discussions into Necessity of Folk Art Modeling Elements in Chinese Animation Creation[C]//.Proceedings of 2016 3rd International Conference on Economic,Business Management and Education Innovation(EBMEI 2016 V54).,2016:353-357.

[4]梁凯迪.壁画元素在中国动画中美学质感的突破——以《姜子牙》二维片段为例[J].流行色,2022(10):124-126.

[5]刘康.传统文化价值观在中国动画电影中的现代表达[J].明日风尚,2022(22):25-28.

[6]王晶,冯学勤.中华美学呈现是中国动画成熟的标志[N].中国社会科学报,2022-11-16(009).

===Terms and Expressions===
The Monkey King 《大闹天宫》

Calabash Brothers 《葫芦兄弟》

Big Fish & Begonia 《大鱼海棠》

Chinese opera facial makeup 中国戏曲脸谱

paper-cut animation 剪纸动画

shadow play 皮影戏

===Questions===
1. What paper-cut animations are mentioned in this chapter?

2. Please name at least three traditional Chinese cultures that you know.

3. Which three animation are mainly described in this chapter?

4. In the animation The Monkey King, which traditional Chinese cultural element is Sun Wukong's face morphed from?

===Answers===
Correct answers are:

1. Calabash Brothers, Monk Pig Eats Watermelon, Fisherboy, Ginseng Baby and Golden Conch.

2. Chinese calligraphy, Beijing Opera, shadow play, martial arts, etc..

3. The Monkey King, Calabash Brothers and Big Fish & Begonia.

4. Chinese opera facial makeup elements.

=202270081644 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting 英语笔译(English translation)=
==The Comparison of Chinese and Western Dream Interpretation Theory==
<center>刘婷婷 Liu Tingting, 202270081644</center>
===Abstract===
Everybody dreams. Though it is a common phenomenon during our sleep, different cultures have different theories to interpret it. Besides, every theory of dreams carries a country’s unique culture. Dreams may can foretell something, or may not, which depends on people’s attitude. Therefore, through comparing Chinese and Western interpretations of dream can make us know what are they based on and their opinions of dreams, and also their attitudes of life.
=== Key Words ===
Huangdi Neijing, The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams, The Interpretation of Dreams, dream

=== 题目 ===
中西方释梦理论的对比

=== 摘要 ===
每个人都会做梦。尽管在日常生活中这是一个常见现象，但是不同的文化会有不同的理论对其进行解析。此外，每一种释梦理论的背后都有着该国独特文化的支撑。梦是否可以预示未来，这取决于人们的态度。因此，将中西方释梦理论进行对比，可以使我们知道它们的理论依据、人们对于梦的看法，以及人们对生活的态度。

=== 关键词 ===
《黄帝内经》，《周公解梦》，《梦的解析》，梦

=== Introduction ===
Dream, a common physiological phenomenon, happens during our sleep. It is a mixture of reality and fantasy, attracting many scholars through all ages to make researches on it. In China, The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams and Huangdi Neijing are two famous books in dream’s interpretation. “Dating back to the Zhou Dynasty, dream officers gave a great push to dream classification. In Zhouli Chunguan, dream officers divided dreams into six types by observing the positions of the sun, the moon and the stars.” (王健 2012，217) As for Huangdi Neijing in the pre-Qin period, it related dreams to people’s the five internal organs and Yi Yang, etc.
For the West, the most famous book of dream interpretation is The Interpretation of Dreams, which was written by Sigmund Freud. This book is based on Artemidorus’ book—Interpretation of dreams, and combines with Freud’s clinical experience. Whereafter, many masters in psychoanalysis like Carl Gustav Jung and Alfred Adler have shown up, starting to study dreams from different perspectives.

=== The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams ===
The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams is a fortune-telling book according to people’s dream. Because it is of uncertain day, so some would be doubtful for its existence. After reading the remark of Chang Feng-i, Roberto Keh Ong “tentatively proposes that the Chou-kung chieh meng was already in existence, and quite popular at that, in the sixteenth century.” (Roberto Keh Ong 1981, 6) Since the beginning sentence of the book is “夜有纷纷梦，神魂预吉凶”, “This sets the tone of the text, which means that those good fortune or bad fortune symbolized by dream are omens presented by spirits or ghosts.” (贠培基 2012, 46) But what is affirmative is that the book has a great influence in China, providing the basis of dream interpretation and enlightening people to focus on dream.
Zhouli Chunguan divides dreams into six different types, they are 正、噩、思、悟、喜、惧, indicating that how the dreams come into existence. “正梦”—an ordinary dream without causing any pulse; “噩梦”—a stunning dream; “思梦”—a dream that misses others or thinking about something; “悟梦”—a daydream; “喜梦”—a dream that makes you feel happy; “惧梦”—a horrible dream that makes people frightened.
In the Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams, there are four methods of dream interpretation:
 The method of Zhi Meng（直梦法）.
 The method of Ce Zi（测字法）.
 The method of Xie Yin（谐音法）.
 The method of Yi Xiang（意象法）.

=== Huangdi Neijing ===
Huangdi Neijing is the first medical book in China, which contains Lingshu and Suwen these two sections. “This book uses Huangdi as a part of its name, which is finished between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Qin and Han Dynasties. It is not finished in a short time, an also not be done with only one man. It comprehensively summarizes medical achievements before the Qin and Han Dynasties, laying the foundation of theoretical basis of TCM.” (王凤香 2007，23)
Though it is a medical book, it also refers to oneirology, and analyzes the causes of dream, and the mechanism of dream formation.
Huangdi Neijing explores the reason why dreams happen in many aspects, and there are six points about it:
 The attack of Liu Yin Xie Qi. In TCM, Liu Yin Xie Qi means six pathogenesis cause by eternal stimulus: wind, coldness, heat (often happens in the summer), wetness, dryness, and heat. When failing to adapt to the changeable weathers, people may feel ill and then dreams occur.
 The influence brought by the change of Qiqing. Qiqing refers to seven emotions: happiness, anger, concern, missing, sorrow, scare and fear. Huangdi Neijing reckons that they would happen in dreams, thus their variations in dreams could reflect the physiological and pathological basis of different viscera.
 The dysfunction of viscera.
 The qi of yin and yang in the human body becomes over strong or over weak.
 The state of the body itself.
 Inappropriate treatment.
About the mechanism of dream formation, the book uses these four theories to analyze it: Yin Yang theory, Five-element theory, viscera picture theory and Ying Wei theory.

=== The Interpretation of Dreams ===
The Interpretation of Dreams is a psychological work by Sigmund Freud, a psychologist from Austria and the founder of psychoanalysis. He interprets dreams by many experiments with a rational thinking, and pioneers modern dream interpretation.
In this book, “Freud argues that dreams contain meaningful information about the dreamer’s unfulfilled, unconscious wishes.” (William J. Jenkins 2017, 10) That is to say that in Freud’s perspective, dream represents a wish-fulfilment. And he also uses an example to explain it: “If, in the evening, I eat anchovies, olives, or other strongly salted foods, I am thirsty at night, and therefore I wake. The waking, however, is preceded by a dream, which has always the same content, namely, that I am drinking.” And he draws a conclusion on it: “From this sensation arises the wish to drink, and the dream shows me this wish as fulfilled.” (Sigmund Freud 1999, 25-26)
Therefore, Freud mainly uses psychoanalysis to interpret dreams, which is quite different from Chinese dream interpretation methods. And what is the most different point is that he uses sex to interpret dreams from a perspective of a psychologist, so he presents the famous Oedipus complex and Electra complex in this book.

===Conclusion===
To sum up, Chinese interpret dream with divination and medical theories, while westerners use psychoanalysis to do that. From this difference can we see that Chinese are inclined to interpret dream with their experience and westerners prefer scientific experiments. To some extent, we can say that Chinese are more emotional, and westerners are more rational.

=== References ===
 Freud, Sigmund. (1999). The Interpretation of Dreams. New York: Oxford University Press.
 Jenkins, W. J. (2017). An Analysis of Sigmund Freud’s The Interpretation of Dreams. London: Macat Library.
 Ong, R. K. (1981). The interpretation of dreams in ancient China. Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
 Tnag Yezhou 汤叶舟. (2015). 以《周公解梦》和《梦的解析》为例研究中西方释梦差异性. [Taking the book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams and The Interpretation of Dreams as examples to study the differences between Chinese and Western dream interpretation.] 文化学刊 Culture Journal, (11):84-86.
 Wang Fengxiang 王凤香. (2007). 黄帝内经梦象研究 [A Study on the dream image of Huangdi Neijing]. 北京中医药大学 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 2007.
 Wang Jian 王健. (2012). 中西方释梦的差异—以《周公解梦》和《梦的解析》为例 [Differences between Chinese and Western Dream Interpretation—A Case study of the book Duke of Zhou Interpreting Dreams and The Interpretation of Dreams]. 北方文学(下半月) Northern Literature, (09):217-218.
 Yun Peiji 贠培基. (2012). 以陈明主编的《周公解梦》为例剖析花样繁多的现代版周公解梦 [Taking Chen Ming's The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams as an example, the modern version of the book Duke of Zhou interprets dreams with various patterns]. 科学与无神论 Science and Atheism, (03):46-49.
 Zhai Shuangqing, Chen Zijie 翟双庆, 陈子杰. (2008). 有关《黄帝内经》梦学理论的总结 [A summary of the dream theory in Huangdi Neijing]. 中华中医药学会第九届内经学术研讨会论文集 Proceedings of the 9th Seminar on Neijing of Chinese Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2008:141-147.

=== Terms and Expressions ===
The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams 《周公解梦》
Zhouli Chunguan 《周礼春官》
Huangdi Neijing 《黄帝内经》
The Interpretation of Dreams 《梦的解析》
TCM 中医
Oneirology 梦学
Yin and Yang 阴阳
Liu Yin Xie Qi 六淫邪气
Qiqing 七情

=== Questions ===
1. How many methods of interpreting dreams in the book Duke of Zhou interprets dreams?

A. One B. Two C. Five D. Four

2. Huangdi Neijing is a __________________.

A. Medical book B. Mystery novel C. short novel D. story book

3. The Interpretation of dreams is written by ___________.

A. Jung Carl Gustav B. Sigmund Freud C. The Duke of Zhou D. Alfred Adler

4. How many kinds of dreams in Zhouli Chunguan?

A. Seven B. Five C. Four D. Six

5. Freud interprets dreams by _____________.

A. Asking for the God B. Psychoanalysis C. the position of the moon and stars D. physical condition

=== Answers ===
Correct answers are:

1. C

2. A

3. B

4. D

5. B

==202270081693 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin 英语口译(English interpretation)==

Topic: Translation strategies of English animal idioms

Abstract: Idioms are an indispensable part of language, which is the crystallization of languages, carrying a lot of cultural factors and concentrating in the culture factors, with plenty of idiomatic expression. Throughout the history, animals plays an important role in our life, bringing joys and company to us and become part of family. Therefore, especially in western cultures, there are many English animal idioms, which containing specific cultural meanings. People use different animals to express their feelings and ideas. This paper will first analyze the definition of English animal idioms. Also, the author will talks about some English idioms with classified animals. What’s more, the author will provide some translation strategies in translating those animal idioms.

==202270081645 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 英语笔译(English translation)==
==The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China==
<center>刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 202270081645</center>
===Abstract===
The Imperial examination is a system in which feudal dynasties selected officials and talents through examinations. The Imperial Examination System had a profound impact on ancient China. Therefore, it is very necessary and significant to understand and study the Imperial Examination System. This paper will introduce the origin and development of the Imperial Examination System, describe the types and contents of it in detail, and finally, expound its significance.
===Key Words===
The Imperial examination system, ancient China, history, culture
===题目===
中国古代的科举制度
===摘要===
科举考试是封建王朝通过考试选拔官员和人才的制度。科举制度对中国古代产生了深远的影响。因此，了解和研究科举制度是非常必要和有意义的。本文将介绍科举制度的起源和发展，详细描述科举制度的类型和内容，最后阐述科举制度的意义。
===关键词===
科举制度，古代中国，历史，文化
===Introduction===
During the Wei, Jin dynasties, the emperor adopted the method of "Nine-rank system" to select talents. However, the system was controlled by powerful families, and only their offspring could be officials, which led to the solidification of the class and the inability to appoint talented people. Whereas, in order to consolidate their rule, the rulers also gradually changed their talent selection. The book ''Datang Xinyu'' said:“Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty set up the Ming and Jin two subjects”(周奇金滢坤, 2022). It was Emperors of the Sui Dynasty who changed the examination to regular, held it every year, further carried forward, and finally it became the beginning of the sysytem.
Emperor Yang Jian of Sui dynasty understood the danger of nine-rank system, and abolished it gradually. He carried out the system of selecting scholars by subjects, and set up state and county schools to test students. The state could also send talents to the central government for the examination. Emperor Yang Guang set up Jinshi branch, where students could directly apply for the central school instead of passing the examination of the county(李亚彬, 2020). Sui Dynasty broke through the old rules of the previous dynasties and created a considerable number of new subjects, which started the system of the Tang Dynasty.
===Development===
However, Sui dynasty lasted only thirty-seven years, which meant that the imperial examination system had been introduced in the Sui dynasty but could not be further developed. Therefore, the important task was carried out by the rulers of the Tang dynasty. Tang dynasty attached great importance to the cultivation and selection of talents. The first emperor of Tang put forward a regular date of“every october”to go to the court for examination, and clarified the local pre-examination of the county, which was equivalent to the "Provincial Examination" method of later generations. Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, greatly expanded the scale of the school cottages and increased the number of students. Wu Zetian set up a military examination which held by the Ministry of War examiners, mainly to assess students 'military strength. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, poetry and Fu became the main examination content of Jinshi, which admitted many talented people.The method of selecting scholars by poetry and Fu also greatly promoted the prosperity of Tang poetry(王一汕, 2010).
After the development of Tang Dynasty, the imperial examination system of Song Dynasty became mature(邓叶倩, 2019). And in Song dynasty, the emperor's personal visit to the palace examination turned into a custom. Meanwhile, reform measures such as sealing and transcription were taken. Sealing(Mi Feng), that was, the examinee's information on the examination paper sealed up. Transcription was that the palace examination papers would be sent to copy by other people before review. These measures greatly increased the fairness of the examination, so that more learned people can enter the officialdom. However, these measures required a large amount of manpower and material resources, so by the reign of Emperor Yingzong of the Song dynasty, the imperial examination was officially held every three years. As for the content, Song dynasty emphasized importance of Ce Lun in the imperial examination. With the rise of Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty, the ability of thinking also became an important standard for assessment.
Since then, the basic forms and contents of the imperial examination system tend to be fixed. The imperial examination was held every three years, mainly divided into the provincial examination(in autumn), the metropolitan examination(in spring) and the palace examination(after metropolitan examination). The first name of provincial examination was Jieyuan, metropolitan examination Huiyuan, palace examination Zhuangyuan. Through the layer upon layer selection of examinations, outstanding talents were called “jinshi”. Such elites were conferred different ranks official positions according to their performance. Because of this, the imperial examination system (keju) had become the main way for all civilians to start their official careers (Ho, 1962).
===Completion===
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the imperial power gradually reached its peak. In order to consolidate the imperial power, the rulers took the imperial examination system as the most important tool to absorb talents. Many scholars took passing imperial examination as their lifelong goal, and "To be a scholar is to be the top of society." became the motto of most scholars at that time.
Also, the emperors carried out a series of policies on it. First, in addition to the above-mentioned several types of examinations, there are new types of examinations: the imperial examinations to admit scholars and county examination(Barry O’Sullivan, 2022), a total of five types of examinations. As a result, many people began to study hard for the imperial examination from a very young age, devoting their whole lives to the imperial examination system.
In terms of examination content. To further control over the people's thoughts, the rulers of the Qing dynasty limited the imperial examinations to stereotyped writing(bagu). The stereotyped writing(bagu) are that the paragraphs and contents written in the examination articles are fixed, and no other ideas are allowed to exist. Under the implemention of this kind of policy, the stereotyped writing fettered the scholar's thought. Scholars have spent their whole lives studying stereotyped writing, lacking understanding of politics and social reality. Gu Yanwu, the great mind in late Ming dynasty, once said: "The harm of stereotyped writing is equivalent to burning books." Its disadvantages became a important factor for the stagnation of national development in the late Qing Dynasty.
===End===
In the late Qing Dynasty, due to foreign aggression, China continued to cede territory and pay reparations, and popular discontent ran high. The Qing Dynasty was in serious crisis. Meanwhile, many western thoughts and ideas spread to China as well(徐云, 2022). Therefore, in order to meet requirements of national development, the imperial examination was constantly adjusted, and the stereotyped writing was abolished. However, the disadvantages of the system had been irreversible detrimental and could not become beneficial through reform. Thus, The imperial examination system, frst administered in 605 CE during the Sui dynasty, continued almost uninterrupted until it was fnally abandoned in 1905 CE(Barry O’Sullivan, 2022).
===Conclusion===
As one of the basic components and core elements of traditional Chinese culture, the imperial examination system not only has a significant impact on the history of nearly 1,300 years, but also plays an important role in modern Chinese culture and civil servant examination system.
The 1300 year’s imperial examination system has given the Chinese nation reasons and cultural confidence to adhere to the system of selecting talents by examination, but on the basis of adhering to the system, we should carefully study the history and cultural connotation of the imperial examination system, timely update the content standard of selecting talents for development.

===Reference===
[1]O’ Sullivan, Barry, and Liying Cheng. "Lessons from the Chinese imperial examination system." Language Testing in Asia 12.1 (2022): 1-20.
[2]Ho, P., 1962. The Ladder of Success in Imperial China: Aspects of Social Mobility. Columbia University Press.
[3]周奇[Zhou Qi], 金滢坤[Jin Yingkun]."论隋代察举制向科举制的转变."[The transformation from investigation examination system to Imperial Examination System in Sui Dynasty] 人文杂志[''Humanities journal''] .05(2022):129-140.
[4]李亚彬[Li Yabin]."问史——科举制何以终结门阀士族."[A Question of History - Why the Imperial examination system ended the royal families]. 博览群书[''Well Read''] .06(2020):37-41.
[5]王一汕[Wang Yishan]."唐朝科举制与文化繁荣."[The Imperial Examination and cultural Prosperity in Tang Dynasty] 历史学习[''History Learning''] .03(2010):19-20.
[6]邓叶倩[Deng Yeqian]."论中国古代科举制度及其影响." [The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China and its Influence.]汉字文化[''Chinese Character Culture''].14(2019):66+79.
[7]徐云[Xu Yun]."科举制度废除：过程、原因及影响探讨."[The abolition of the Imperial Examination System: A probe into the Process, Causes and Effects.] 今古文创[''Modern and Ancient Literary Creation''] .43(2022):64-66.
===Reference===
The Imperial Examination System 科举制度
Nine-rank system 九品中正制
Datang Xinyu 《大唐新语》
Jinshi 进士
Provincial Examination 乡试
Wu Zetian 武则天
Ministry of War 兵部
Sealing and transcription 弥封和誊录
Neo-Confucianism 儒家理学
Metropolitan examination 会试
Palace examination 殿试
Ministry of Rites 礼部
To be a scholar is to be the top of society 万般皆下品，惟有读书高
the imperial examinations to admit scholars 童试
county examination 院试
stereotyped writing 八股文
The harm of stereotyped writing is equivalent to burning books. 八股之害，甚于焚书
===Questions===
1.When was the imperial examination system abolished？
A.1905 B.1907 C.1904 D.1908
2.What are the types of imperial examinations in Ming and Qing Dynasties?
A.the imperial examinations to admit scholars B.county examination C.provincial examination D.metropolitan examination E.palace examination.
3.What are the reasons for the abolition of stereotyped writing?
===Questions===
Correct answers are：
1.A
2.ABCDE
3. (1) Foreign invasion and compensation caused the Qing Dynasty to fall into crisis. (2) When western ideas were introduced into China, the stereotyped writing was already backward and could not meet the needs of national development. (3) The Qing government's policy was weak and the reform on keju was useless.

==202270081694 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing 英语口译(English interpretation)==
刘雨晴Liu Yuqing, 202270081694

== '''Abstract''' ==

Chinese people attach great importance to family, which makes family an important part of Chinese culture. The traditional family structure in China mainly consists of Joint Family, stem family, and nuclear family. However, along with the profound changes that have occurred in modern China, the Chinese family structure is also changing, with the nuclear family gradually becoming the dominant family structure and marriage becoming more liberal and the divorce rate increasing. At the same time, there is a growing trend toward gender equality in family relations. Of course, the reasons behind the changes in family structure cannot be separated from the development of society, policy changes, transition in social ideology and even the influence of globalization. In turn, the transition in family structure also has an impact on education and social and economic development.

== '''Key Words''' ==

family structure;changes; nuclear family

== '''题目''' ==

中国传统家庭结构的变化

== '''摘要''' ==

中国人非常重视家庭，家庭是中国文化的重要组成部分。中国的传统家庭结构主要包括联合家庭、直系家庭、核心家庭。然而，伴随着现代中国发生的深刻变化，中国的家庭结构也在发生变化，核心家庭逐渐成为家庭结构的主导，婚姻变得更加自由，离婚率不断上升。同时，家庭关系中的性别平等趋势也越来越明显。当然，家庭结构变化背后的原因离不开社会的发展、政策的变化、社会意识形态的转型，甚至全球化的影响。反过来，家庭结构的转型也会对教育和社会经济发展产生影响。

== '''关键词''' ==

家庭结构；变化；核心家庭；

'''I. The main types of traditional Chinese family structures'''

1.Joint Family
A joint family is usually a large undivided family where members of more than two generation live together under one roof (grandparents, parents, uncles, aunts, their children or even grandchildren). This kind of family is large in size and is usually headed by the eldest member of the family. The responsibility of making decisions rests with the head of the family, although family members can give suggestions. After marriage, the children also live in the same house along with other family members. This family structure was common among wealthy families in ancient China. For example, the family structure in the Dream of the Red Chamber is a typical joint family.
2. Stem family
A stem family consists of parents and one married child, his or her spouse and offspring. It has three generations (or even four), but each generation has at most one couple. It is also known as a medium-sized family. For example, in a stem family, there are grandparents, parents and children, but it does not include uncles and aunts. In terms of size, it is smaller than a joint family while bigger than a nuclear family.
3. Nuclear family
Nuclear family refers to the core members of a family, usually two parents and their children. Children are included only while they’re young enough to live with their parents. This family unit became widely recognized because it’s where many of society’s rules and norms are passed along from parent to child. Sociologists see the concept of a nuclear family as a fundamental building block of society.

'''II. Characteristics of traditional family structure'''

According to the records, in the mid to late 18th century of China, the proportion of nuclear family was over 50%, stem family about 30% and joint family less than 10%. This indicates that nuclear family had become the dominant family form in the society at that time. And the following are the main features within the traditional family structure:
1. Men are Superior to Women and husband guides wife .This feature constitutes the basic structure of the traditional family. As Fei Xiaotong said, the core of a tradition family relationship is the parent-child relationship while the relationship between husband and wife is unimportant.
2. The eldest son has equal inheritance rights with the other brothers. The family became smaller and smaller. Finally, it stayed in the model of a nuclear family. The daughter has no right to inherit, but has the right to get a dowry. The so-called wealth only within three generations is the embodiment of this inheritance system of dividing family assets and the reason why there are few large families in China.
3. Marriage is decided by parents
Children have no marital autonomy. Marriage is often decided by parents. The daughter may have never had any contacts with the husband's family before marrying him, and the wife should be subordinate to her husband.
4. The traditional family has mixed functions, including economic, nurturing, support, affection, support, etc.

'''III. The transition of family structure from traditional to modern.'''

Since the reform and opening up, social resources have been relatively abundant and every aspect of the family has changed dramatically.
1. The family is becoming more nuclearized. Since many of the functions of the family, such as production, education, and support of elders, have been replaced by society. Society has built a large number of nursery schools and nursing homes, it is not necessary to maintain a large family size to perform these functions.
2. Some other types of family structures have emerged. These are: single person families, cohabiting families and even some homosexual cohabiting families.
3. Marriage tends to be autonomous and divorce rate increases. In contemporary times, divorce has also become common, the way of divorce has become more civilized, and more and more divorces are initiated by the wife. In addition, remarriage in old age has been widely accepted by the society, and there is a new trend of the younger generation matching and organizing weddings for their parents.
4. Increasing trend of gender equality in family relations. In today's families, the traditional patriarchy is disappearing and the concept of male superiority over female has been fundamentally changed. There is a tendency for family members to discuss with each other, to make democratic decisions, and to be democratic and egalitarian.

'''IV. Causes behind the changes in family structure'''

1. The One-Child policy has had a huge impact on the structure and size of families in China.
In the late 1970s, The One-Child policy was introduced in China as a national policy. This policy has had a decisive effect on the structure and size of families in China, promoting the trend of the nuclear family. Since the main purpose of the One-Child policy was to reduce the birth rate of each family. Only one child is allowed in urban families and no more than two in rural families (except for ethnic minority areas) and the government was promoting the concept of equality between men and women. A large number of “the only child” are born in cities. In addition, most young married couples live apart from their parents after marriage, thus more and more nuclear families have emerged. The number of empty nest families has also increased.
2. With the development of economy, many responsibilities of the family were assumed by the society, thus nuclear family became more dominating. The tradition family assumed responsibilities such as nurturing children, support the elders and production. But in modern times, economic development has also promoted the division of labor and the development of the social welfare system, and various institutions have emerged in society to help assume some of the family obligations. For example, nursing homes can help take care of the elders, and nurseries or schools can help care for the children. In this way, the adult workforce in the family can devote more energy to their work. In addition, since older couples have pensions and retirement funds after retirement, they can live without relying on their children after retirement, and they prefer to live separately from their children to avoid the tension that may arise between the two generations of couples.
3. The influence of globalization on the family concept in China since the reform and opening up.
Since the opening up, western ideas have come into China, and the younger generation has been increasingly influenced by western family concepts. The emphasis on self-independence in the Western family concept has a great influence on young people. For example, premarital cohabitation, trial marriage, free love, celibacy, gender equality and so on. These concepts have caused an unprecedented impact on the traditional family concept in China. A lot of media reports about western families flooded into our lives, which also had an important impact on our young generation.

'''V. Influences follow the changes'''

1. Impact of changing family structure on family education
The size of the family has shrunk and parents have become more concerned with their children's development. Children are seen as an individual with a sense of independence, personality and individuality, and the goal of parents in raising their children shifted from “glorifying their ancestors” to achieving the all-round development of the child, freedom of personality and perfection of character.
2. The impact of changes in family structure on the economy
As the basic consumption unit of society, the family not only creates new social demand, but also influences social supply. As the population grows and the joint family gradually divides, many new families are created. The rapid increase in the number of households inevitably leads to a simultaneous increase in the demand for many goods, such as housing and furnishings, matching kitchen and sanitary equipment, high-end durable household appliances, furniture sets, cars and household services. In addition, smaller families have more needs for enjoyment and development, higher expectations for their children, and relatively higher expenditures for their children's education and training; With the number of elderly families, especially empty nesters t, continues to increase, there will be a significant increase in elderly living goods and facilities to serve the elderly. These changes in demand structure provide an important basis for corresponding adjustments in the supply structure.

== '''References''' ==
[1] 王跃生，当代中国家庭结构变动分析[J].中国社会科学，2006（01）
[2] 王跃生，中国家庭结构变动与特征[J].人口与计划生育，2017（09）
[3] 胡亮，由传统到现代---中国家庭结构变迁特点及原因分析[J].西北人口，2004（2）
[4] 童辉杰，黄成毅，当代中国家庭结构的变迁及其社会影响[J].西北人口，2015（06）
[5]吴愈晓，王鹏，杜思佳，变迁中的中国家庭结构与青少年发展，中国社会科学，2018（2）

== '''Questions''' ==

1. What are the main types of traditional Chinese family structures? A. Stem family B. Joint family C.nuclear famliy D.composite family
2. When was the One-Child policy was introduced in China? A.In the late 1970s B.In the early 1970s C . In the late 1980s D. In the early 1980s.
3. Which type of family structures are realistically depicted in Dream of the Red Chamber? A. Stem family B. Joint family C.nuclear famliy D.composite family
4. Which types of family structure is the dominating one nowadays?A. Nuclear family B. Joint family C.Single-parent famliy D.Stem family

== '''Answers''' ==

1. A,B,C 2. A 3.B 4. A

=202270081710 鲁思 Lu Si 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=
==Evolution and Characteristics of Ancient Currency in China==
<center>鲁思Lu Si，202270081710</center>
===Abstract===
Currency is the cultural essence of the development of civilizations of all nations for thousands of years, and is also the common material and spiritual wealth of mankind. China has been using money for 5,000 years. Due to the evolution of history, nearly tens of thousands of currencies (banknotes and coins) and colorful Chinese currency culture have been created, and a system with its own unique style has been formed.
===题目===
中国古代货币演变历程及特点
===摘要===
货币是各民族几千年来文明演进过程中的文化精髓，也是人类共同所拥有的物质和精神财富。中国使用货币已达5000年之久。由于朝代历史不断更迭，创造了近万种货币（纸币、硬币）和丰富多彩的中国货币文化，形成了具有自己独特风格的体系。
===关键词===
Ancient Currency，Monetary Evolution，Characteristics of Money
=== Introduction ===
China is one of the earliest countries in the world to use currency, with a history of 5,000 years. In the process of its formation and development, ancient China currency has undergone six major evolutions

=== Evolution of Ancient Currency ===
'''(1)Evolution from natural currency to artificial currency'''

Shell is the earliest currency in China. It was used as currency in Shang Dynasty. In all the China characters were related to value are mostly from "shell." With the development of commodity exchange, the demand for money was increasing, and seashell could not meet people's demand. People began to imitate seashell with copper in Shang Dynasty.The appearance of copper coin is an important evolution from natural currency to artificial currency in the history of ancient currency in China. With the extensive use of artificial coins, seashells, a natural currency, gradually withdrew from the monetary stage of China.

'''(2)Evolution from disordered shape to unified shape'''

From the appearance of copper coins in Shang Dynasty to the Warring States Period, there were many shapes of currency in our country. During the Warring States Period, not only countries made their own money, but also all regions within a vassal country made their own money. It is famous for the spade-shaped coin of Zhao, the sword-shaped coin Qi, the round square hole coins of Qin and the Each within Zhu（commonly known ant nose money） of Chu各内朱俗称蚁鼻钱. After the Qin Dynasty unified China, also the currency. the First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty promulgated the earliest currency law in China in 210 B.C., which stipulated that ‘banliang’, at first called ring money and later ‘fang kong yuan qian’(Circular Coin with a Square Hole).After the unification of Qin, ‘banliang’ coin was spread around the whole country. The unification of currency ended the disorder state of different shapes and weights of ancient currency in China, and was an important evolution from disordered shape to standardized shape in the history of ancient currency in China. The shape of this round square hole, which was determined by Qin Banliang coin, continued until the early period of the Republic of China.

'''(3)Evolution from local coinage to central coinage'''

In the early days of the Han Dynasty, the county was allowed to freely cast money. According to the records of Han Shu·Monograph on Food and Currency , Emperor Wen "except for the order of stealing and casting money, the people let the casting go," so "stealing and casting rose like clouds." This not only caused the chaos of the currency, but also made the rich merchants manipulate the right to coin, rich than the emperor. In 118 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered new coins of five baht to be cast because banliang of coins were stolen and cast continuously, and allowed all prefectures to cast them, commonly known as "five baht of prefectures." In 113 B. C., Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took back the right of coining coins in the county state, and the three officials of Shanglin unified the coinage of five baht coins, which became the only legal currency at that time. From then on, the unified management of coin minting and issuing by the central government was determined, which was an important evolution from local coinage to central coinage in the history of ancient China currency. Since then, the coins of the past dynasties have been directly managed by the central government. The centralization of the coinage right played an important role in stabilizing the political situation and economic development of each dynasty.

'''(4)From the weight of documents to the evolution of Tongbao（通宝） and Yuanbao（元宝）'''

Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, coins usually have a clear indication of the weight of the money, such as "banliang,""wuzhu coin" and so on (twenty-four baht for one liang). In the fourth year of Emperor Gaozu 's reign (621), Li Yuan decided to reform the currency system, abolish the ancient coins of different weights, take the meaning of "opening up a new era," and uniformly cast "Kaiyuan Tongbao" coins. "Kaiyuan Tongbao" is an anti-Qin and Han Dynasty old system, money does not write weight, is China 's ancient currency from the weight of documents to Tongbao, Yuan Bao evolution. "Kaiyuan Tongbao" money is the earliest Tongbao money in China. Since then, China 's copper coins no longer use money to mark the weight, are to Tongbao, Yuanbao commensurate, it has been used until the Revolution of 1911 "Republic of China Tongbao."

'''(5)The evolution of metal currency to paper money "Jiaozi"'''

In the Northern Song Dynasty, with the development of exchange, the amount of currency in circulation increased. When Taizong of the Northern Song Dynasty, the annual coin was 800,000 Guan, which gradually increased later. Because of the shortage of copper material for casting coins, the government made up for the shortage of copper coins by casting iron coins in large quantities in some areas. According to the records of Song History, the iron coins cast in Sichuan at that time always weighed 25 catties and eight liang. To buy a piece of silk in Sichuan, you have to pay 130 jin of iron money. Iron money is so heavy and inconvenient that the paper money "Jiaozi" printed by the Northern Song Dynasty came into being in Sichuan. Song Zhenzong, under the permission of the government, by Chengdu 16 rich households jointly operated. The appearance of "Jiaozi" is an important evolution from metal currency to paper currency in the ancient monetary history of our country. "Jiaozi" is not only the earliest paper money in China, but also the earliest paper money in the world.

'''(6)Evolution from Manual Coining to Mechanized Paper Money'''

In the late Qing Dynasty, with the gradual introduction of foreign advanced science and technology, Guangxu years began to buy coin-making machines abroad for making silver yuan and copper yuan. Later, Guangdong began to machine non-porous when ten copper dollars. As manufacturers made huge profits, provinces followed suit. The appearance of mechanism currency in the late Qing Dynasty is the evolution from manual coinage to mechanism currency in the ancient currency history of our country. From then on, not only the craft of casting money has undergone major changes, but also the circulation of more than 2,000 years of round square hole money died.

=== Characteristics of Ancient Currency ===
From the historical perspective, China's ancient monetary system has several characteristics.

'''(1)The separation of monetary functions'''

In ancient China, gold and silver were used as a store of value, as a means of payment for international trade, and as a unit of account. But the medium of exchange in circulation is mainly borne by copper coins. Gold and silver coins have been minted in all generations, but they are more of a form of money, more of a position of luxury jewelry, used to hide wealth, used to give gifts, used to bribe, used as reserves. Copper coins were minted in large quantities as a means of payment. The nature of copper coin determines that its surface value is greater than the value of actual coinage materials, which is actually credit currency. Unfortunately, the seigniorage was hard to resist throughout the ages, and copper coins had a long history of inflation, with many instances of weight loss and devaluation. This also taught the common people that they would not use copper coins as a means of hiding wealth, but only as a means of circulation. According to the principle of "bad money drives out good money," they should spend what they have, leaving only gold and silver coins in their hands.

'''(2)Currency casting and circulation are regional'''

In ancient China, coin casting was managed by different places. The sword coins of the pre-Qin Dynasty were cast by various cities, and the place names would be indicated on the coins. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, silver dollars were also cast and issued by various provinces, with place names on them. Not only is casting regional, but so is currency circulation. Of course, when the warlords were separated from each other, the Three Kingdoms era was definitely a regional currency circulation. Even in the period of political unification, the regionalism of currency circulation is still widespread. For example, in the Northern Song Dynasty, Jingdong, Jingxi 13 Road exercise copper coins; Chengdu and other four roads exercise iron money, Shaanxi, Hedong copper money, iron money both. Until liberation, the circulation of money throughout the country was not unified.

'''(3)It has not paid attention to the innovation of monetary technology for a long time'''

The casting method is not advanced, resulting in uneven color and weight of currency. Although the process is exquisite, it has not formed an industrialized, expandable and large-scale banknote printing and coin-making project, so the quality of currency is very problematic.

=== References ===
 Chen Hui陈慧.(2022). 中国古代货币的演变与发展论析 [On the Evolution and Development of Ancient China Currency].产业与科技论坛 Industry and Technology Forum (09):60-61.

 Peng Xinwei 彭信威. (1965). 中国货币史 [The History of Chinese Currency]. Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Publishing House] 上海人民出版社.

 Liu Ruixuan, Wang Di刘芮瑄,王娣.(2020). 中国古代货币演变简述 [A Brief Introduction to the Evolution of Ancient Chinese Currency]. 科教文汇(上旬刊) Science and Education Collection (04):169-170.DOI:10.16871/j.cnki.kjwha.2020.04.072.

 Ma Tao, Song Dan马涛,宋丹.(2009). 论中国古代货币范畴的特点 [On the Characteristics of Currency Category in Ancient China]. 财经研究 Financial Research . (11):26-36.DOI:10.16538/j.cnki.jfe.2009.11.010.

 Tuo Tuo 脱脱. (1985). 宋史 [The History of Song Dynasty]. Peking: China Publishing House 中华书局.

 Yan Caiyun燕彩云.(2005). 中国古代货币的演变 [The Evolution of Ancient China Currency]. 中学历史教学 History Teaching in Middle School (07):51.

=== Terms and Expressions ===
spade-shaped coin 布币，铲币.
sword-shaped coin 刀币.
Ant nose money 蚁鼻钱.
Wuzhu Coin 五铢钱.
Han Shu·Monograph on Food and Currency 《汉书·食货志》.
History of the Song Dynasty 《宋史》.

=== Questions ===
1.The world's first paper money ()
A.spade-shaped coin B.Jiaozi C.Tongbao D.Wuzhu Coin

2.After the unification of the Qin Dynasty, the unified currency used throughout the country was ()
A.sword-shaped coin B.spade-shaped coin C.Fang kong yuan qian D.Wuzhu Coin

3. Which of the following are the characteristics of ancient China currency()
A.currency casting and circulation are regiona
B.distinguish one's status
C.the separation of monetary functions
D.it has not paid attention to the innovation of monetary technology for a long time

4."Kaiyuan Tongbao" money is the earliest Tongbao money in China. True or False（）
A.True B.False

=== Answers ===
Correct answers are:
1. B
2. C
3. ACD
4. A

==202270081711 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)==
==Chinese Imperial Harem Rivalry Drama==
<center>陆玉琴Lu Yuqin, 202270081711</center>.
===Abstract===
Chinese Imperial Harem Rivalry Dramas are dramas set in ancient China's feudal dynasties, with female characters such as harem concubines or female officials as the main subjects of the story, and with characters' emotional entanglements or political power struggles as the main plot lines.
===题目===
中国宫斗剧
===摘要===
宫斗剧是指以中国古代封建王朝为背景，将后宫嫔妃或女官等女性角色做为故事主体，以人物情感纠葛或政治权力倾轧为剧情主线的电视剧集。
===关键词===
imperial harem rivalry drama, feudal dynasties，female characters
===Introduction===
In ancient China, there was a well known saying to describe ancient emperor’s concubines which is “3,000 beauties live in the inner court”. Imperial harem rivalry drama uses " imperial harem " as the narrative space and " rivalry " as the narrative theme. (Wang Siqi 2020, 4) It focuses on entertainment and playful interpretation, and are somewhat different from historical dramas. In this kind of drama, the emperor’s concubines intrigued against each other for the emperor's favor and their power, which takes full advantage of the viewers' curiosity about the ancient court. Imperial harem rivalry dramas are loved by viewers for their tense, exciting and bizarre plots. ''War and Beauty'', which was broadcasted in 2004, established the art form of imperial harem rivalry dramas. In 2012, ''Empresses in the Palace'' pushed imperial harem rivalry dramas to the peak. Imperial harem rivalry dramas have taken an important place in the Chinese TV drama market.
===''Empresses in the Palace''===
''Empresses in the Palace'', written by Liu Lianzi and later directed by Zheng Xiaolong, is by far the most popular Chinese imperial harem rivalry drama. It tells a story about how an innocent young girl named Zhen Huan entered the Forbidden City and eventually defeated other concubines with her wits and schemes during the relentless palace fighting and ultimately became the Empress Dowager herself. (Mengyuan Yin & Honghong Zhou 2019, 83)

Zhen Huan was chosen for the Emperor Yong Zheng’s harem. After entering the palace, She was caught in the fierce infighting between the empress and the concubines. Zhen Huan gradually became a calculating woman in the harem. After helping emperor defeat Consort Hua, Zhen Huan was framed by empress, and she also learned that the emperor liked her only because she looked like her former lover, Empress Chunyuan, who was current empress’s elder sister and was killed by her. After giving birth to her daughter, Zhen Huan chose to leave the palace to have monastic life. Outside the palace, Zhen Huan was taken care of by Yunli, emperor’s younger brother. They fell in love and planed to go far away. However, when the fake news of the death of Yunli came, in order to save Yunli’s child growing in her belly and to rescue her seriously ill father, Zhen Huan designed to make emperor meet her and returned to the palace. She was able to evade the Empress's trap several times and eventually brought her down. However, the emperor detected Zhen Huan's affair with Yunli and ordered Zhen Huan to kill Yunli. Finally, Zhen Huan conspired with Ye Lanyi to commit regicide. Zhen Huan's adopted son ascended to the throne and Zhen Huan was honored as the Empress Dowager.
===''Story of Yanxi Palace''===
In the summer of 2018, the popularity of “Story of Yanxi Palace” directed by Yu Zheng rose sharply, becoming a leader in imperial harem rivalry dramas over the same period with a high range of influence and a high degree of discussion. (Han Mao,Jingru Liu & Zihan Qu 2021, 1) The TV series tells the story of Wei Yingluo, a palace maid, who, with her courage, quick wit, and broad mind, resolved the difficulties in the court and eventually became Consort Ling who helped Emperor Qian Long to realize “the times of prosperity”.

In order to seek the truth about her eldest sister's death, Wei Yingluo entered the Forbidden City as a palace maid. After an investigation, Yingluo confirmed that her sister's death was related to Hong Zhou, emperor’s brother, and is determined to get justice for her sister. The Empress Fucha was worried about Yingluo’s going astray and tried her best to give Yingluo warmth and help. Under the empress' careful tutelage, Yingluo became strong and upright, and put aside her grudges to live a serious life. The unfortunate death of the Empress makes Yingluo misunderstand Emperor Qianlong. The two went from mutual hostility to understanding and supporting each other. It was only before Yingluo's death that she informed Qianlong of Empress Fucha's deathbed entrustment that she hoped Yingluo accompany Qianlong and assist him to be a wise ruler. In the sixtieth year of the Qianlong era, the Qianlong emperor proclaimed Yong Yan, son of Yingluo, as the crown prince, while posthumously crowning the crown prince's mother Yingluo as Empress Xiao Yi. Yingluo finally used her whole life to fulfill her promise to Empress Fucha.
===Conclusion===
Compared to other costume dramas, imperial harem rivalry drama accomplishes a shift in narrative subject by deeply portraying female characters, with the theme of conflict shifting from the male, who had communicate power, to the female. Moreover, the main line of love in previous female dramas is diluted. The love between men and women is subjected to the main line of harem rivalry, and the love narrative is often used to highlight the image of female characters and as the reason for their character transformation. In addition, the portrayal of female characters in imperial harem rivalry drama has become more self-aware, and women are mostly no longer the appendages of men, but are equal to or even free from men, pursuing their own independence and having a sense of subjectivity.(Hu Ying 2021, 26)

In today's society, people need more pressure release and emotional catharsis, and imperial harem rivalry dramas meets their need.(Wang Maoru 2020, 178) In imperial harem rivalry drama, everyone viewer can find what they need: Academic success, the spread of information, survival in the workplace, power struggles, handsome men and beautiful women, etc.( Xiaoming LUO 2014, 178) This is the main reason of the success of imperial harem rivalry dramas.
===References===
王思齐.(2020).宫斗剧火爆的原因研判(硕士学位论文,海南大学).https://kns-cnki-net-443.webvpn.blcu.edu.cn/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD202101&filename=1020748194.nh

王茂入.(2020).《延禧攻略》对女性观众的心理满足分析. 卫星电视与宽带多媒体(05),178-179.

胡颖.(2021).清朝宫斗剧的类型化叙事研究(硕士学位论文,南京师范大学).https://kns-cnki-net-443.webvpn.blcu.edu.cn/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD202202&filename=1022405090.nh

Mengyuan Yin & Honghong Zhou.(2019).A Research on Mock Politeness —— A Case Study of the Legend of Zhen Huan..(eds.)Proceedings of the 5th Annual International Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development (SSCHD 2019)(pp.).Atlantis Press.

Han Mao,Jingru Liu & Zihan Qu.(2021).Chinese Traditional Aesthetics in Qing Palace Drama*-Take “Story of Yanxi Palace” as an example. E3S Web of Conferences. doi:10.1051/E3SCONF/202123605082.

Xiaoming LUO.(2014).The Impervious Zhen Huan. Frontiers of Literary Studies in China(3). doi:10.3868/s010-003-014-0026-1.
===Terms and Expressions===
imperial harem rivalry drama宫斗剧

War and Beauty金枝欲孽

Empresses in the Palace甄嬛传

Forbidden City紫禁城

Empress Dowager皇太后

Story of Yanxi Palace延禧攻略
===Questions===
1. When did the art form of imperial harem rivalry dramas establish?
A.2002 B.2003 C.2004 D. 2005

2. Which TV drama pushed imperial harem rivalry dramas to the peak?

A.War and Beauty B.Empresses in the Palace C.Story of Yanxi Palace D.Ruyi's Royal Love in the Palace

3. Compared to other costume dramas, What characteristics does imperial harem rivalry drama have?

A.A shift in narrative subject by deeply portraying female characters, with the theme of conflict shifting from the male, who had communicate power, to the female. B.The love between men and women is subjected to the main line of harem rivalry. C.The portrayal of female characters in imperial harem rivalry drama has become more self-aware D.All of above

4.What’s the main reason of the success of imperial harem rivalry dramas?

A. People need more pressure release and emotional catharsis, and imperial harem rivalry dramas meets their need. B.The clothes in imperial harem rivalry dramas are beautiful C.The actors of imperial harem rivalry dramas are famous.
===Answers===
Correct answers are:

1.C

2.B

3.D

4.A

==202270081705 马明宇 Ma Mingyu 日语笔译(Japanese translation)==
==The development of Chinese Animation==
<center>马明宇Ma Mingyu, 202270081705</center>
===Abstract===
Chinese animation started in the 1920s, inspired by French, German, Russian and mostly American productions. After decades of development, many excellent animations have been created, such as The Princess of Iron Fan, The Monkey King, Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother, Calabash Brothers and so on. Some of these are not only well-known in China, but also famous overseas.

===Key Words===
China, animation, development
===题目===
中国动画发展历程
===摘要===
中国动画起源于20世纪20年代,其灵感来自于法国、德国、俄罗斯和美国的大多数作品。经过几十年的发展，中国动画产业制造出许多优秀的动画作品，如《铁扇公主》、《大闹天宫》、《小蝌蚪找妈妈》、《葫芦兄弟》等等，其中一些作品不仅在中国家喻户晓，而且名扬海外。

===关键词===
中国；动画；发展

===I.The Enlightenment Period of Chinese Animation===
The period of germination and exploration of Chinese animation is 1922 to 1945. As early as 1918, American animation films landed on the Chinese mainland one after another with Shanghai as the center, which made the Chinese people in the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society at that time amazed by the strange animations. In the following 20 years, a group of people with lofty ideals represented by the Wan Brothers made great efforts to explore and learn with the goal of "creating Chinese own animations," becoming the founder of Chinese animations. In 1926, the Wan brothers created the Uproar in the Studio which had a great impact in the world. And in 1935, they made another great achievement by producing China 's first audio animation, The Camel Dance. Then, in 1941, under the influence of the American animation Snow White, the first large-scale animation of China, Princess Iron Fan, was produced, which was the fourth large-scale animation after the American animations Snow White, Lilliput and Pinocchio in the world film history, indicating that the animation level of China at that time was close to the leading level in the world. Unfortunately, the Chinese society was in turmoil at that time, and the new thing of animation did not spread to the mainland of the motherland, but could only be seen in big cities like Shanghai. Therefore, it was impossible for Chinese animation to form an industrialized development in that era. It was just a "novelty" at the time. With the outbreak of the Pacific War, the Wan brothers were forced to interrupt the animation creation, Chinese animation of the Enlightenment period has been rushed to an end. (Li 2012:100; Qu 2008:182; Wen 2017:27)

===II.The Growth Period of Chinese Animation===
The growth of Chinese animation has experienced two periods of stable development and initial prosperity.
From 1946 to 1965, it was the stable development period of Chinese animation. On October 1, 1949, the People's Republic of China declared its establishment. Before this, the puppet animation "The Emperor Dream" and "Go after an easy prey" produced by the Northeast Film Studio laid the foundation for the development of animation after the founding of the People's Republic of China. After a period of time, Chinese animation industry has been considerable development. During the period from 1950 to 1956, Chinese animations mostly used the content of fairy tales in terms of subject matter; in terms of style, they incorporated national characteristics; in terms of technology, they changed from black and white films to color films. There was an initial prosperity of Chinese animation from 1957 to 1965. In 1957, the establishment of Shanghai Animation Film Studio made China the first professional factory to independently produce art films, and Chinese animation entered a prosperous period of development. At this time, the animation has reached an unprecedented level in art and technical quality. Many animations have won awards in international film festivals, such as the classic blockbuster "The Monkey King," which has made the Chinese people proud. At that time, Tezuka Osamu, revered as the "God of Japanese Manga", made a special trip to Shanghai Animation Film Studio to learn from Wan Laiming, the "father of Chinese animation". Chinese animation has formed a school of Chinese animation recognized by the world. During this period, China's animation paper-cut, origami, ink and other colorful forms of creation. In particular, ink animation was a must at that time. In July 1961, Shanghai Animation Film Studio successfully produced China's first ink animation "Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother," which declared the success of the first Chinese ink animation. This production technology won the first prize of scientific and technological achievements of the Ministry of Culture and the second prize of National Scientific and Technological Invention Award. It can be seen that there were not only many works of Chinese animations at that time, but also a lot of high-quality animations. (Li 2012:101; Feng 2021:1)

===III.The Period of Stagnation and Recovery of Chinese Animation===
From 1966 to 1976, China experienced the unprecedented "the Cultural Revolution." This period can be called the "Ice Age" in the history of China's animation development. In 1967, 1969, 1970 and 1971, all animation manufacturers in the country "stopped production and started a revolution."
Since the end of 1978, China has entered a new period of Reform and Opening-up. In the first ten years, a number of new animation production departments emerged, which changed the situation that Shanghai Animation Film Studio stood out. A total of 219 animations were produced nationwide, producing a number of excellent and beautiful films representing the highest level of Chinese animation, such as Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King, The Legend of Sealed Book and so on. At the same time, it also produced TV animations and animation series for the first time, such as Calabash Brothers, Dirty King Adventure, Black cat Sheriff, The story of any lift and so on. Because of the wider subject matter, profound content, sharp allegory and derogatory criticism of the current malpractices, the social influence and international reputation of animation in this period also jumped greatly and won extensive praise. In the decade after the 1990s, Chinese animation continued the fruits of its recovery. Although this period has Lotus Lantern, Shuke and Beita, Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat, The big head son and little head father, Haier Brothers and other excellent works, but not much innovation in style. Chinese animation has embarked on an alternative path of "animation is what children watch". (Li 2012:101; Rolf 2014:89)

===Conclusion===
After decades of development, Chinese animation industry has produced many excellent animations, such as Princess Iron Fan and The Monkey King. These animations were very famous all over the world, which also proved the great animation technology of China at that time.

===References===
1.Feng Guiyun. (2021). The history of Chinese animation, from groundbreaking "Havoc in Heaven" to crappy-looking "Kung Fu Mulan". Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University.

2.Li Junda 李俊达. (2012). 试论中国动漫产业的发展 [On the Development of China's Animation Industry]. 中共青岛市委党校 CPC Qingdao Municipal Party School, 青岛行政学院学报 Journal of Qingdao Administration Institute (05) 100-104.

3.Qu Huili and Su Jianing 曲慧丽,宿佳宁. (2008). 浅谈中国动漫的历史与发展 [Talking about the History and Development of Chinese Animation]. 今日科苑 Modern Science (24) 182.

4.Rolf Giesen. (2014). Chinese Animation, A History and Filmography, 1922-2012. Jefferson: McFarland.

5.Wen Ting Fang, Po-Hsien Lin and Rungtai Lin. (2017). Western vs. Eastern: A Reflective Research on the Development of Chinese Animation. Graduate School of Creative Industry Design, National Taiwan University of Arts, New Taipei City, Taiwan 25-36.

===Terms and Expressions===
Uproar in the Studio 《大闹画室》

The Camel Dance 《骆驼献舞》

Princess Iron Fan 《铁扇公主》

The Emperor Dream 《皇帝梦》

Go after an easy prey 《瓮中捉鳖》

The Monkey King 《大闹天宫》

Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother 《小蝌蚪找妈妈》

Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King 《哪吒闹海》

The Legend of Sealed Book 《天书奇谭》

Calabash Brothers 《葫芦兄弟》

Dirty King Adventure 《邋遢大王历险记》

Black cat Sheriff 《黑猫警长》

The story of any lift 《阿凡提的故事》

Lotus Lantern 《宝莲灯》

Shuke and Beita 《舒克和贝塔》

Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat 《蓝皮鼠与大脸猫》

The big head son and little head father 《大头儿子和小头爸爸》

Haier Brothers 《海尔兄弟》

===Questions===
1. What was the first large-scale animation in China, which indicated that China's animation level at that time was close to the world's leading level?

A. Uproar in the Studio B. The Camel Dance C. Princess Iron Fan D. The Emperor Dream

2. In the 1960s, there was a world-renowned classic animation blockbuster in China. What is it?

A. The Monkey King B. Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother C. Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King D. The Legend of Sealed Book

3. Which of the following animations indicate that Chinese animation has embarked on an alternative path of "animation is what children watch"?

A. Shuke and Beita B. Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat C. The big head son and little head father D. Haier Brothers

===Answers===
Correct answers are:

1. C

2. A

3. ABCD

==202270081646 彭琦 Peng Qi 英语笔译(English translation)==

==Impact of Chinglish on standard English==
<center>彭琦Peng Qi,202270081646</center>
===Abstract===
English is one of the major common languages in the world. With the development of economic globalization, more and more people are learning and using English for communication, and in this process, Chinese English has gradually emerged, which has led to many ludicrous incidents in the process of foreign communication in China. This paper discusses the concept of Chinglish, its causes, and its impact on standard English, and also analyses measures to reduce the emergence of Chinglish in order to provide a reference for English learners.
===Key Words===
Chinglish, Impact, Standard English

===Introduction===
With the development of the times, English has become one of the ways of communication in the world, and learning English has become one of the compulsory courses in China. However, many people, in the process of learning English, will have the problem of Chinglish due to the influence of the Chinese language, which affects their subsequent English learning. what's more important is that it lays a great impact on today's standard English in its development.

===Cause of Chinglish===
Chinese English is the English of Chinese learners who, in the process of learning and using English, are disturbed by their mother tongue, their culture and their communicative habits, as well as their limited English proficiency, and have to combine English phrases according to their own subjective imagination, thus appearing in English that does not conform to the standard English expressions or communicative style. The degree of error also depends on the level of English learners and the difficulty of the communicative content. This phenomenon has been studied in the past and the theory of negative transfer of language and culture has been used to explain the reasons for the production of Chinglish. First of all, it is due to the interference of native language habits. The second is the clamping down of Chinese communication styles, behavioural habits, ways of thinking and social codes of conduct; the third is that the learners' English is so poor that they have to make up random English sentences to express themselves. If we look at this issue from multiple perspectives, we may have a better understanding of it.1. Chinese English is not a standardized language system that learners seek, but a linguistic error in learning English. 2. The errors in Chinese English vary from person to person, depending on the depth of content, and can be changed through learning and self-reflection. From a certain point of view, Chinese English is a transition from Chinese to standard English, often playing the role of an interlanguage.3. Many errors are caused by a poor command of English and learners generally adopt English words, Chinese idioms and grammar in a haphazard manner.As they improve their English, these phenomena will be greatly reduced.4. Because of their unfamiliarity with Western means of communication, Chinese people often make communicative mistakes in their foreign interactions. For example, they speak in an "indecent manner" (Chinese is decent, but the direct translation into English is indecent), and their speech and behaviour are often impulsive.5. As Chinese English is mainly a kind of language disorder of English learners, this kind of language error will gradually decrease as the learners' English level improves. Therefore, Chinese English is a trial-and-error phenomenon in the learning process of Chinese people learning English, and it can be corrected and improved.

===Linguistic Impact on standard English===
There are major differences between Chinese and English. As a non-formal form of language, Chinese vocabulary is mainly monosyllabic and diphthongic, and the grammatical components of Chinese expressions cannot be expressed in accordance with morphological transformations, which is different from the regularisation of English. As a product of the fusion of the two languages, Chinglish has the linguistic characteristics of Chinese, and its vivid and indirect expressions sometimes can better express emotions. English is an open and inclusive language, and in the context of economic globalisation, the absorption and borrowing of Chinese by English has become an inevitable trend. Chinese English expressions need to be tested over a long period of time and by users in practice, so that they can be accepted as having a positive impact on the development of the vocabulary and expressions of modern English, and that the positive impact will become more pronounced as time goes on. The emergence and development of Chinese-English will contribute significantly to the acceptance of Modern English and will increase the enthusiasm of users as they will not need to follow excessive rules in their practice. At the same time, the emergence of a Chinese-English vocabulary will enrich the vocabulary of modern languages and contribute to the internationalisation of modern English.

===Cultural Impact on today's English===
The further rise of Chinese English on the agenda has to do with the large number of foreigners coming to China to work, live and travel. The most influential Chinese English is that found on signs in public places and on restaurant menus, most of which have been photographed by foreigners on the internet and appear in pictures with text in their thousands. For example, "Please take good personal luggage" is written as "Please take good personal luggage" and "First under after on, take a civilised ride" as "First under after on, take a civilised ride". First under after on,take riding with civility". The English translations of the bilingual signs in many metro stations, tourist attractions, restaurants and other public places were initially only for the sake of completeness, and some of them were just taken from dictionaries or turned out with software like Google Translate, and not many people noticed them. Surprisingly, most foreigners don't hate Chinese English, and quite a few genuinely enjoy it. Perhaps due to the encouragement of their foreign friends, for some time now many Chinese have started to create their own English words and sentences in their own way, such as Smilence, a 'self-created compound word' like Brangelina (the joint name of Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie). There are also words that translate playful words from Chinese to create a misplaced and amusing effect, such as "We two who and who? If you want money, I have no. If you want life, I have one.", and "American Chinese not enough". The Xinhua News Agency reported that this was "Chinese witticisms enriching the English language" - and it was an innovative form of Chinese English.
The Global Language Monitor (GLM), based in Texas, USA, has given Chinglish a global perspective and a high rating from the perspective of English language development. Since 2005, Chinglish has been ranked as one of the top ten words that have influenced the world, and GLM believes that Chinglish is driving a profound change in the English language, with a large number of Chinese words entering the English language as the most significant source of new vocabulary, up to 20%. Each year they select the most popular Chinese words of the year, such as "No Noising" ("Quiet, please" in authentic English), "Question Authority" ("Information Booth" in authentic English), and "Information Booth"), the 2008 Deformed Man Toilet, the Airline Pulp According to GLM, Chinese is surprisingly complex and rich in its ability to produce and accept new words, and Chinese English is a "welcome mixture".

===Conclusions===
Chinese-English refers to English with Chinese phonological, semantic, grammatical and pragmatic features, and is a country-specific variant of English with Chinese characteristics. Its words are usually produced in five ways: phonetic, transliteration, phonetic-phonetic combination, phonetic-phonetic affixation and semantic regeneration, all more or less "Anglicised" to some extent. Chinese English is a reality and a contribution to English itself; it not only enriches the content of English, but also expands its sphere of influence. In recent years, Chinese English has become very popular in China and is beginning to make its way into the English-speaking world. The famous British linguist Mr David Kristel has pointed out that with the rapid development of the Chinese economy, Chinese English is bound to have more impact on Standard English.

===References===
1. 杜争鸣. 中国英语问题及其它[J ]. 西安外国语学院学报 ,1998 ,(3) :7 - 119.
2. Jiang , Yajun. Chinglish and China English [J ]. English To2 day , 1995 :16 :3 - 3
3. 金惠康. 中国英语与中式英语讨论[J]. 广东技术师范学院学报, 2003(5):5.
4. 韩威. 中式英语的融入对现代英语发展的影响[J]. 语文课内外, 2018.
5. 琼·平卡姆. The translator's guide to Chinglish[M]. 外语教学与研究出版社, 2000.
6. Zhuang Y . Guard Against Chinglish[J]. Chinese Translators Journal, 2000.

===Questions===
1. Do you know any typical Chinese English?

2. What does GLM stand for?

===Answers===
1. Good good study，day day up; “We two who and who？”（咱俩谁跟谁？）;“If you want money,I have no. If you want life,I have one.”（要钱没有，要命一条）;“American Chinese not enough”（美中不足）....

2. 全球语言监测机构(Global Language Monitor)

==Traditional Revolutionary Songs in China==
<center>漆羿鑫Qi Yixin,202270081647</center>
===Abstract===
Rising in the revolutionary war period, traditional revolutionary songs in China, or "red Song", mainly focusing on praising the party and the country, told the difficult course of the revolution, as well as the heroic deeds of the predecessors. It expressed the deep feelings of the majority of people for the motherland, and described the Chinese nation's confidence in social undertakings to overcome difficulties.
===Key Words===
traditional revolutionary songs, artistic features, current value
=== Introduction===
Traditional revolutionary songs are a political and social phenomenon peculiar to socialist countries, and particularly prosperous in China. It is clear that they are inspired by popular folksongs (De Sales, A. 2003, 7). Their core theme is to sing songs to praise the motherland, the proletarian revolution and the Communist Party. With a strong political orientation, it contains a profound ideology, specifically, reflecting the inherent spiritual needs of proletarian revolution and socialist construction (雷亚林 2019, 63).

===History of Traditional Revolutionary Songs===
The wide range of red songs included revolutionary songs from the Soviet Union, translated into Chinese, as well as Chinese red songs dedicated to the founding fathers of the new China, postludes, military songs for improving morale, and theme songs or interludes from revolutionary movies and opera (Li, S., & Yan, F. 2020, 3). The traditional revolutionary songs started with the May 4th Movement, gradually developed in the First Revolutionary Civil War, reached a certain scale in the Second Revolutionary Civil War, became mature during the War of Resistance Against Japan and the in the Third Revolutionary Civil War, and performed well in the period of socialist revolution and construction. Traditional revolutionary songs are closely related to the tide of the new democratic revolution, socialist revolution and construction led by the CPC, and record many unforgettable events, history, characters and stories (达晖 2009, 1).

===Artistic Features of Traditional revolutionary songs===
Lyrics embraces ideology, but they reflect the time when they are written (Howard, K. 2020, 18). Musically, traditional revolutionary songs have the characteristics, such as beautiful melody, simplicity and refinement, each of which is produced and sung in the specific revolutionary life or production practice. Because the traditional revolutionary songs directly reflected the spiritual outlook of the specific people at that time, the emotions contained in them seemed simple, touching, sincere and moving, especially those that eulogized the motherland, the people, and the party (雷亚林 2019, 63).

Traditional revolutionary songs vary by period. They emerged and developed with the proletarian revolution and socialist production. In different historical periods, the content, feelings and ideas conveyed are quite different, leading to a strong sense of the times for traditional revolutionary songs. For example, Guerrilla Songs(游击队歌) in the revolutionary war years reflected the people's mental state during the war, while My Motherland, The Moon of Lunar 15th, and Bless the Motherland in the socialist construction period showed the people's spiritual outlook in the process of production and construction (雷亚林 2019, 63).

===The Value of Traditional Revolutionary songs in Contemporary Society===
Traditional revolutionary songs help young people form correct values. The advent of the Internet era has enriched the lives of young people, but it has also led many people astray. Traditional revolutionary songs inherit the ideological spirit of the revolutionary ancestors, and their ideas, glory are also of great significance to the growth of young people and the rectification of social ethos （张正雨 2021, 100-101）. The list excitingly goes on—March Song(长征之歌) about the Long March; Guerrilla Song(游击队歌) of the Anti-Japanese War; I Am a Soldier of the early liberation period; Spring Story(春天的故事), On the Field of Hope(在希望的田野上) about the reform and opening up. The content described in the lyrics of traditional revolutionary songs in each period can help guide young people to form correct values to varying degrees, and also help to inherit red culture in modern society.

Traditional revolutionary songs can stimulate people's patriotic enthusiasm. The tragic images depicted in the traditional revolutionary songs can bring people back to that special era, help people better understand the history of that year, and then deeply understand that countless people with lofty ideals just shed their blood to realize the ideal in their hearts: defeat all enemies, and the people become masters of the country（张正雨 2021, 100-101）. As the "Heroic Battle Song" sings, "The hero leaps out of the trench, breaks the sky with lightning, falls into a single block, and the sky collapses with one hand..." The popularity of traditional revolutionary songs can make the people deeply feel the noble spirit of their ancestors, and the value of today's peace, and deepen their understanding and recognition of the national spirit.

Traditional revolutionary songs can inspire people's belief in innovation. The older generation of revolutionaries fought hard for a long time, and finally drove away all the aggressors, so that today's New China came into being. Today's people still need to inherit the revolutionary spirit and write more brilliant chapters through continuous efforts to live up to the efforts of the martyrs. As an indispensable part of national culture, traditional revolutionary songs play an extremely important role（张正雨 2021, 100-101）. Here are some examples—Hands Watering Flowers of Happiness（众手浇灌幸福花）, Descendants of the Drago（龙的传人）. Singing traditional revolutionary songs can help people better understand the traditional revolution and make people realize that no matter what kind of hardships they face, they can overcome difficulties as long as they keep firm faith and actively explore solutions to problems.

===Conclusion===
"With the continuous evolution of human society, in addition to the dialectical movement of material life, the demand for spiritual life also changes," said Marx. The outbreak of the epidemic leads to more people pessimistic about the future, but the new situation still requires high morale to move forward. Therefore, the article discusses the history, artistic characteristics and contemporary value of traditional revolutionary songs. Hopefully, it can promote the spread of traditional revolutionary songs and enrich the spiritual life of Chinese people.
===References===
[1] De Sales, A. (2003). Remarks on revolutionary songs and iconography. European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 7.

[2] Li, S., & Yan, F. (2020). Searching for Red Songs: The politics of revolutionary nostalgia in contemporary China. The China Quarterly, 3.

[3] Howard, K. (2020). Songs for" great Leaders": Ideology and Creativity in North Korean Music and Dance. Oxford University Press, 18.

[4] Wang, Q. (2012). Red songs and the main melody: Cultural nationalism and political propaganda in Chinese popular music. Perfect Beat, 13(2), 127.

[5] Dahui达晖.(2009).中国红色革命歌曲的伦理审视[Ethical Survey of Chinese Red Revolutionary Songs].Hunan: Hunan Normal University湖南师范大学.

[6] Lei Yalin雷亚林.(2019).红色歌曲的传唱与历史意义研究[Study on the Singing and Historical Significance of Red Songs].艺术评鉴Art Evaluation(09)63-64.

[7] Zhang Zhengyu张正雨.(2021).论红色歌曲的传承与发展[On the Inheritance and Development of Red Songs]大众文艺Popular Literature and Art(08)100-101.

=== Terms and Expressions===
May 4th Movement 五四运动

the Second Revolutionary Civil War 第二次国内革命战争

the War of Resistance Against Japan 抗日战争

new democratic revolution 新民主主义革命

===Questions===
1. What is true about the traditional revolutionary songs?
A. being peculiar to socialist countries.
B. containing profound ideology.
C. praising good behaviors in everyday life.
D. reflecting the inherent spiritual needs of proletarian revolution.

2. Which of the following songs are traditional revolutionary songs?
A. Guerrilla Song.
B. I Believe.
C. March Song.
D. Spring Story.

3. When did traditional revolutionary songs became mature?
A. the May 4th Movement.
B. the First Revolutionary Civil War.
C. the War of Resistance Against Japan.
D. the Third Revolutionary Civil War.

4. The Value of traditional revolutionary songs in contemporary society includes:
A. inspire people's belief in innovation.
B. help young people form correct values.
C. increase material wealth for holders.
D. stimulate people's patriotic enthusiasm.

=== Answers===
Correct answers are:
1.ABD 2.ACD 3.CD 4.ABD

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=202270081643 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)=
==Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements in Animation==
<center>刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu, 202270081643.</center>
===Abstract===
Originating in the 1920s, Chinese animation has always been committed to creating a road with national characteristics and adhering to the tradition of national painting. By exploring the connection between animation creation and Chinese traditional cultural elements, this chapter mainly analyzes the application, inheritance and innovation of Chinese traditional cultural elements in Chinese animation.
===Key Words===
Chinese Traditional Cultural; Chinese Animation
===动画中的中国传统文化元素===
===摘要===
中国动画起源于20世纪20年代，始终致力于走具有民族特色的道路，坚持民族绘画传统。本章通过探索中国动画创作与中国传统文化元素之间的联系，主要分析了中国传统文化元素在中国动画中的运用、传承与创新。
===关键词===
中国传统文化，中国动画
===Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements===
“Chinese elements” can be roughly divided into three parts. The first is the inherent elements of China, such as China’s territory, China’s race, China’s climate and so on. The second is the elements of traditional Chinese culture, such as Chinese calligraphy, Chinese knot, Beijing Opera, shadow play, martial arts, etc. The third is China’s modern cultural elements, such as the Beijing Olympic spirit, the culture of China’s famous enterprises and so on. Chinese traditional cultural elements are a very important part of Chinese elements, which are treasures handed down from five thousand years in China.
===Chinese traditional cultural elements in animation===
In its early development process, Chinese animation actively studied foreign advanced animation technology and art, and greatly improved its animation skills. Chinese animation style, therefore, was inevitably influenced by other countries. In order to explore the national style construction of Chinese animation, Chinese animation artists have drawn nourishment from Chinese traditional culture. The culture of the Chinese nation has a long history and profound cultural heritage, which is an inexhaustible treasure for artists of all artistic categories. The classic elements of traditional Chinese culture, such as traditional Chinese painting, paper cutting, shadow play, calligraphy, Peking opera and so on, not only represent the traditional spirit of the Chinese nation, but also represent a cultural symbol of the Chinese nation in the world. It is the core of the construction of national animation with Chinese characteristics.
====The Monkey King====
The Monkey King, created in 1961—1964, is our first color animated feature film. The role modeling, scene setting, color expression and other aspects of The Monkey King are borrowed from Chinese temple murals, temple art, ancient paintings, folk New Year pictures, opera masks and other traditional forms of artistic expression with Chinese characteristics. Take the image of Sun Wukong in The Monkey King as an example. The image of Sun Wukong in The Monkey King is loyal to the image description of Sun Wukong in the literary original Journey to the West, and many excellent traditional elements are added. On the whole, Sun Wukong in the film is long-limbed and lean, but still clever and vigorous. His has a slender waist, and his limbs are beautifully curved. He can carry himself lightly. The lines of the image are refined like fine brush painting, which makes Sun Wukong look like the Buddha image in Dunhuang fresco. The facial shape of Sun Wukong is morphed from the elements of Chinese opera facial makeup. Among the types of Peking Opera facial makeup, Sun Wukong’s facial makeup belongs to the animal shape of pictographic face, that is, the facial pattern evolved from the pictographic pattern of monkey to represent the character’s own attributes before incarnation.
====Calabash Brothers====
Calabash Brothers is actually a paper-cut animation, which is a form of art film combining traditional techniques such as Chinese folk paper-cut and shadow puppetry. Chinese paper-cut has appeared since the early Tang Dynasty. By hollowing out the paper, it can give people a sense of visual penetration and artistic enjoyment. Shadow play is mainly showed by the leather products which are made by folk artists with hand, knife carving and painted. Behind a white curtain, artists manipulate the puppets while telling stories with popular local tunes, which is called “shadow play”. Paper-cut animation involves folk paper-cut and absorbs the characteristics of shadow play in movement and shape. It uses flat paper to create animated characters, props, backgrounds, etc. A character is often a combination of multiple parts. The movement of each part of the static picture was slowly adjusted by hand, and the various movements of the characters were shot one by one. Such a method is what we call “stop-motion animation”. One by one, the flexible calabash brothers are put out various actions on the painted background pattern, and then photos are taken respectively, and each grid is connected into a cartoon. Although each episode is only a few minutes long, it took two years to shoot thousands of scenes.
Chinese paper-cut cartoons also include Monk Pig Eats Watermelon, Fisherboy, Ginseng Baby, Golden Conch, etc. They are all very excellent animated works.
====Big Fish & Begonia====
The character design of Big Fish & Begonia has a strong Oriental classical charm. There are more than 100 characters in the animation. The creativity and characters’ names refer to a large number of ancient books and allusions. Each character has its own source of creation, such as Chi Songzi, Bai Ze, etc., many of which are inspired by the Classic of Mountains and Seas, the Search of the Gods, the Book of Songs, etc. In the image and costume design of the protagonist Chun, this animation uses the school uniforms, short hair with straight bangs, clothing style of the Republic of China period. Chun as the heir of the birth family, masters the growth of begonia flowers. He is strong and persistent. Although he looks cold and serious in appearance, he is delicate, grateful, responsible and compassionate inside. The image of the character Kun, when he turns into a big fish, is also designed according to the description in A Happy Excursion by Chuang Tzu.
===Conclusion===
The ingenious application of Chinese traditional cultural elements in Chinese animation not only shows the spiritual significance and value of animation works, but also reflects the profound value of Chinese traditional culture behind it. Most Chinese animations have bright national styles. Only in this way can Chinese animation works find their own style and keep moving forward, and Chinese traditional culture is constantly explored in this process, and revitalized through re-creation.
===References===
[1]100 Years of Chinese Animation: Role of traditional culture in development of the industry[J]. M2 Presswire,2022.
[2]Jian Luo. Research on the Characteristics of Chinese Animation[C]//.Proceedings of 2017 4th International Conference on Literature,Linguistics and Arts(ICLLA 2017).,2017:172-175.
[3]Qing Xu,Min Wang. Discussions into Necessity of Folk Art Modeling Elements in Chinese Animation Creation[C]//.Proceedings of 2016 3rd International Conference on Economic,Business Management and Education Innovation(EBMEI 2016 V54).,2016:353-357.
[4]梁凯迪.壁画元素在中国动画中美学质感的突破——以《姜子牙》二维片段为例[J].流行色,2022(10):124-126.
[5]刘康.传统文化价值观在中国动画电影中的现代表达[J].明日风尚,2022(22):25-28.
[6]王晶,冯学勤.中华美学呈现是中国动画成熟的标志[N].中国社会科学报,2022-11-16(009).

===Terms and Expressions===
The Monkey King 《大闹天宫》
Calabash Brothers 《葫芦兄弟》
Big Fish & Begonia 《大鱼海棠》
Chinese opera facial makeup 中国戏曲脸谱
paper-cut animation 剪纸动画
shadow play 皮影戏

===Questions===
1. What paper-cut animations are mentioned in the article?
.
2. Please name at least three traditional Chinese cultures that you know.
.
3. Which three animation are mainly described in this chapter?
.
4. In the animation The Monkey King, which traditional Chinese cultural element is Sun Wukong's face morphed from?
.
===Answers===
Correct answers are:
.
1. Calabash Brothers, Monk Pig Eats Watermelon, Fisherboy, Ginseng Baby and Golden Conch.
.
2. Chinese calligraphy, Beijing Opera, shadow play, martial arts, etc..
.
3. The Monkey King, Calabash Brothers and Big Fish & Begonia.
.
4. Chinese opera facial makeup elements.

=202270081644 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting 英语笔译(English translation)=
==The Comparison of Chinese and Western Dream Interpretation Theory==
<center>刘婷婷 Liu Tingting, 202270081644</center>
===Abstract===
Everybody dreams. Though it is a common phenomenon during our sleep, different cultures have different theories to interpret it. Besides, every theory of dreams carries a country’s unique culture. Dreams may can foretell something, or may not, which depends on people’s attitude. Therefore, through comparing Chinese and Western interpretations of dream can make us know what are they based on and their opinions of dreams, and also their attitudes of life.
=== Key Words ===
Huangdi Neijing, The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams, The Interpretation of Dreams, dream

=== 题目 ===
中西方释梦理论的对比

=== 摘要 ===
每个人都会做梦。尽管在日常生活中这是一个常见现象，但是不同的文化会有不同的理论对其进行解析。此外，每一种释梦理论的背后都有着该国独特文化的支撑。梦是否可以预示未来，这取决于人们的态度。因此，将中西方释梦理论进行对比，可以使我们知道它们的理论依据、人们对于梦的看法，以及人们对生活的态度。

=== 关键词 ===
《黄帝内经》，《周公解梦》，《梦的解析》，梦

=== Introduction ===
Dream, a common physiological phenomenon, happens during our sleep. It is a mixture of real and unreal, attracting many scholars through all ages to make researches on it. In China, The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams and Huangdi Neijing are two famous books in dream’s interpretation. “Dating back to the Zhou Dynasty, dream officers gave a great push to dream classification. In Zhouli Chunguan, dream officers divided dreams into six types by observing the positions of the sun, the moon and the stars.” (王健 2012，217) As for Huangdi Neijing in the pre-Qin period, it related dreams to people’s the five internal organs and Yi Yang, etc.
For the West, the most famous book of dream interpretation is The Interpretation of Dreams, which was written by Sigmund Freud. This book is based on Artemidorus’ book—Interpretation of dreams, and combines with Freud’s clinical experience. Whereafter, many masters in psychoanalysis like Carl Gustav Jung and Alfred Adler have shown up, starting to study dreams from different perspectives.

=== The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams ===
The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams is a fortune-telling book according to people’s dream. Because it is of uncertain day, so some would be doubtful for its existence. After reading the remark of Chang Feng-i, Roberto Keh Ong “tentatively proposes that the Chou-kung chieh meng was already in existence, and quite popular at that, in the sixteenth century.” (Roberto Keh Ong 1981, 6) Since the beginning sentence of the book is “夜有纷纷梦，神魂预吉凶”, “This sets the tone of the text, which means that those good fortune or bad fortune symbolized by dream are omens presented by spirits or ghosts.” (贠培基 2012, 46) But what is affirmative is that the book has a great influence in China, providing the basis of dream interpretation and enlightening people to focus on dream.
Zhouli Chunguan divides dreams into six different types, they are 正、噩、思、悟、喜、惧, indicating that how the dreams come into existence. “正梦”—an ordinary dream without causing any pulse; “噩梦”—a stunning dream; “思梦”—a dream that misses others or thinking about something; “悟梦”—a daydream; “喜梦”—a dream that makes you feel happy; “惧梦”—a horrible dream that makes people frightened.
In the Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams, there are four methods of dream interpretation:
 The method of Zhi Meng（直梦法）.
 The method of Ce Zi（测字法）.
 The method of Xie Yin（谐音法）.
 The method of Yi Xiang（意象法）.

=== Huangdi Neijing ===
Huangdi Neijing is the first medical book in China, which contains Lingshu and Suwen these two sections. “This book uses Huangdi as a part of its name, which is finished between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Qin and Han Dynasties. It is not finished in a short time, an also not be done with only one man. It comprehensively summarizes medical achievements before the Qin and Han Dynasties, laying the foundation of theoretical basis of TCM.” (王凤香 2007，23)
Though it is a medical book, it also refers to oneirology, and analyzes the causes of dream, and the mechanism of dream formation.
Huangdi Neijing explores the reason why dreams happen in many aspects, and there are six points about it:
 The attack of Liu Yin Xie Qi. In TCM, Liu Yin Xie Qi means six pathogenesis cause by eternal stimulus: wind, coldness, heat (often happens in the summer), wetness, dryness, and heat. When failing to adapt to the changeable weathers, people may feel ill and then dreams occur.
 The influence brought by the change of Qiqing. Qiqing refers to seven emotions: happiness, anger, concern, missing, sorrow, scare and fear. Huangdi Neijing reckons that they would happen in dreams, thus their variations in dreams could reflect the physiological and pathological basis of different viscera.
 The dysfunction of viscera.
 The qi of yin and yang in the human body becomes over strong or over weak.
 The state of the body itself.
 Inappropriate treatment.
About the mechanism of dream formation, the book uses these four theories to analyze it: Yin Yang theory, Five-element theory, viscera picture theory and Ying Wei theory.

=== The Interpretation of Dreams ===
The Interpretation of Dreams is a psychological work by Sigmund Freud, a psychologist from Austria and the founder of psychoanalysis. He interprets dreams by many experiments with a rational thinking, and pioneers modern dream interpretation.
In this book, “Freud argues that dreams contain meaningful information about the dreamer’s unfulfilled, unconscious wishes.” (William J. Jenkins 2017, 10) That is to say that in Freud’s perspective, dream represents a wish-fulfilment. And he also uses an example to explain it: “If, in the evening, I eat anchovies, olives, or other strongly salted foods, I am thirsty at night, and therefore I wake. The waking, however, is preceded by a dream, which has always the same content, namely, that I am drinking.” And he draws a conclusion on it: “From this sensation arises the wish to drink, and the dream shows me this wish as fulfilled.” (Sigmund Freud 1999, 25-26)
Therefore, Freud mainly uses psychoanalysis to interpret dreams, which is quite different from Chinese dream interpretation methods. And what is the most different point is that he uses sex to interpret dreams from a perspective of a psychologist, so he presents the famous Oedipus complex and Electra complex in this book.

=== References ===
 Freud, Sigmund. (1999). The Interpretation of Dreams. New York: Oxford University Press.
 Jenkins, W. J. (2017). An Analysis of Sigmund Freud’s The Interpretation of Dreams. London: Macat Library.
 Ong, R. K. (1981). The interpretation of dreams in ancient China. Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
 Tnag Yezhou 汤叶舟. (2015). 以《周公解梦》和《梦的解析》为例研究中西方释梦差异性. [Taking the book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams and The Interpretation of Dreams as examples to study the differences between Chinese and Western dream interpretation.] 文化学刊 Culture Journal, (11):84-86.
 Wang Fengxiang 王凤香. (2007). 黄帝内经梦象研究 [A Study on the dream image of Huangdi Neijing]. 北京中医药大学 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 2007.
 Wang Jian 王健. (2012). 中西方释梦的差异—以《周公解梦》和《梦的解析》为例 [Differences between Chinese and Western Dream Interpretation—A Case study of the book Duke of Zhou Interpreting Dreams and The Interpretation of Dreams]. 北方文学(下半月) Northern Literature, (09):217-218.
 Yun Peiji 贠培基. (2012). 以陈明主编的《周公解梦》为例剖析花样繁多的现代版周公解梦 [Taking Chen Ming's The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams as an example, the modern version of the book Duke of Zhou interprets dreams with various patterns]. 科学与无神论 Science and Atheism, (03):46-49.
 Zhai Shuangqing, Chen Zijie 翟双庆, 陈子杰. (2008). 有关《黄帝内经》梦学理论的总结 [A summary of the dream theory in Huangdi Neijing]. 中华中医药学会第九届内经学术研讨会论文集 Proceedings of the 9th Seminar on Neijing of Chinese Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2008:141-147.

=== Terms and Expressions ===
The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams 《周公解梦》
Zhouli Chunguan 《周礼春官》
Huangdi Neijing 《黄帝内经》
The Interpretation of Dreams 《梦的解析》
TCM 中医
Oneirology 梦学
Yin and Yang 阴阳
Liu Yin Xie Qi 六淫邪气
Qiqing 七情

=== Questions ===
1. How many methods of interpreting dreams in the book Duke of Zhou interprets dreams?

A. One B. Two C. Five D. Four

2. Huangdi Neijing is a __________________.

A. Medical book B. Mystery novel C. short novel D. story book

3. The Interpretation of dreams is written by ___________.

A. Jung Carl Gustav B. Sigmund Freud C. The Duke of Zhou D. Alfred Adler

4. How many kinds of dreams in Zhouli Chunguan?

A. Seven B. Five C. Four D. Six

5. Freud interprets dreams by _____________.

A. Asking for the God B. Psychoanalysis C. the position of the moon and stars D. physical condition

=== Answers ===
Correct answers are:

1. C

2. A

3. B

4. D

5. B

==202270081693 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin 英语口译(English interpretation)==

Topic: Translation strategies of English animal idioms

Abstract: Idioms are an indispensable part of language, which is the crystallization of languages, carrying a lot of cultural factors and concentrating in the culture factors, with plenty of idiomatic expression. Throughout the history, animals plays an important role in our life, bringing joys and company to us and become part of family. Therefore, especially in western cultures, there are many English animal idioms, which containing specific cultural meanings. People use different animals to express their feelings and ideas. This paper will first analyze the definition of English animal idioms. Also, the author will talks about some English idioms with classified animals. What’s more, the author will provide some translation strategies in translating those animal idioms.

==202270081645 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 英语笔译(English translation)==
==The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China==
<center>刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 202270081645</center>
===Abstract===
The Imperial examination is a system in which feudal dynasties selected officials and talents through examinations. The Imperial Examination System had a profound impact on ancient China. Therefore, it is very necessary and significant to understand and study the Imperial Examination System. This paper will introduce the origin and development of the Imperial Examination System, describe the types and contents of it in detail, and finally, expound its significance.
===Key Words===
The Imperial examination system, ancient China, history, culture
===题目===
中国古代的科举制度
===摘要===
科举考试是封建王朝通过考试选拔官员和人才的制度。科举制度对中国古代产生了深远的影响。因此，了解和研究科举制度是非常必要和有意义的。本文将介绍科举制度的起源和发展，详细描述科举制度的类型和内容，最后阐述科举制度的意义。
===Introduction===
===Origin===
During the Wei, Jin dynasties, the emperor adopted the method of "Nine-rank system" to select talents. However, the system was controlled by powerful families, and only the children of senior officials could be officials, which led to the solidification of the class and the inability to appoint people on the basis of capability. Whereas, in order to consolidate their rule, the rulers also gradually changed their talent selection. Some contents of the imperial examination had already sprout in the Han Dynasty, but this paper still considers the Sui Dynasty as the real origin. The book ''Datang Xinyu'' wrote by Liu Su said:" Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty changed the Ming and Jin two subjects"(周奇金滢坤, 2022). It was the Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty who changed the examination to regular, held every year, further carried forward, and finally became a clear beginning of the system.
Emperor Yang Jian of Sui dynasty understood the danger of being subject to the high rank and nobility, abolishing the "Nine-rank system". He carried out the system of selecting scholars by subject, and set up state and county schools to test students, and the state could also send talents to the central government for examination and employment. Emperor Yang set up Jinshi Branch, the school students can directly apply for the school, not to the state, county entrance examination, after passing the state, county sent to the central examination(李亚彬, 2020). Sui Dynasty broke through the old rules of the previous dynasties and created a considerable number of new subjects, which started the system of the Tang Dynasty. The standard of selecting talents gradually changed from morality to examination.
===Development===
However, Sui dynasty lasted only thirty-seven years, which meant that the imperial examination system had been introduced in the Sui dynasty but could not be further developed. Therefore, the important task was carried out by the rulers of the Tang dynasty. Tang dynasty attached great importance to the cultivation and selection of talents. After the founding of the Tang dynasty, several generations of rulers put the emphasis on to the imperial examination and took relevant measures. The first emperor of Tang Gaozu Li Yuan put forward the regular date of“every october”to go to the court for examination, and clarified the local pre-examination of the state and county, which is equivalent to the "Provincial Examination" method of later generations. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, greatly expanded the scale of the college, the school cottages and increased the number of students. Wu Zetian set up a military examination. It held by the Ministry of War examiners, mainly to assess students 'military strength. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, poetry and Fu became the main examination content of Jinshi. Also, during his reign, the court admitted many talented people. The method of selecting scholars by poetry and Fu also greatly promoted the prosperity of Tang poetry(王一汕, 2010).
Song Dynasty was also an important period for the development and reform of the imperial examination system. After the development of Tang Dynasty, the imperial examination system of Song Dynasty became mature and complete(邓叶倩, 2019). For one thing, in terms of the form, in Song dynasty, the emperor's personal visit to the palace examination turned into a custom. At the same time, reform measures such as sealing and transcription were taken. Sealing(Mi Feng), that is, the examinee's name, native place and other records on the examination paper sealed up. Transcription is that the palace examination papers will be sent to copy by other people, and then examine the official review. These measures greatly increased the fairness of the examniation, so that more talented and learned people can enter the officialdom, and these reforms even had a profound impact on the modern examination system. However, these measures required a large amount of manpower and material resources, so by the reign of Emperor Yingzong of the Song dynasty, the imperial examination was officially held every three years. For another, as for the content, Song dynasty strengthened the status and importance of Ce Lun in the imperial examination. With the rise of Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty, the ability of thinking also became an important standard for assessment. In the Song Dynasty, the emperors abolished the examination of poetry and Fu, and replaced it with the examination of the meaning, theory and policy of the classics.
Since then, the basic form and content of the imperial examination system tend to be complete. The imperial examination was held every three years, mainly divided into the provincial examination, the metropolitan examination and the palace examination. In the autumn, the provincial examination was held by each state, The first name is Jieyuan. The metropolitan examination was held in the spring of the following year by the Ministry of Rites, the first name will be called Huiyuan. The palace examination was held in the following month and presided over by the emperor. The first name was Zhuangyuan. Getting the first place three times in a row is known as the "the three consecutive Yuan(Lian Zhong San Yuan)", and ancient China has also appeared such talents. Through the layer upon layer selection at district, provincial and national levels, outstanding talents are called “jinshi”. Such elites obtained qualifications to enter the final examination hosted by the emperor, and were conferred different ranks official positions according to their performance. Because of this, the imperial examination system (keju) had become the main way for all civilians to start their official careers (Ho, 1962).
===Completion===
The Yuan dynasty saw an eighty-year suspension of the imperial examinations, which were later restored, but with increasing inequality, mainly to protect the privileges of the Mongols and reduce the number of Han officials. This phenomenon did not change until the establishment of the Ming Dynasty. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the period when the imperial examination system was flourishing, but it was also the period when it was ending.
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the imperial power gradually reached its peak. In order to consolidate the imperial power, the rulers took the imperial examination system as the most important tool to absorb talents. The social atmosphere gradually changed, and many scholars took the imperial examination as their lifelong goal, and "To be a scholar is to be the top of society." became the motto of most scholars at that time.
With the increasing importance of the imperial examination, the emperors carried out a series of reforms on it. First, the imperial examinations in the Ming and Qing dynasties became a huge system with various levels, rules and regulations. In addition to the above-mentioned several types of examinations, there are new types of examinations: the imperial examinations to admit scholars and county examination(Barry O’Sullivan, 2022), a total of five types of examinations. As a result, many people began to study hard for the imperial examination from a very young age, devoting their whole lives to the imperial examination system. The minimum age for the examination was greatly lowered during this period.
In terms of examination content. To further strengthen their rule and control over the people's thoughts, the rulers of the Qing dynasty limited the imperial examinations to stereotyped writing(bagu). The stereotyped writing(bagu) are that the paragraphs written in the examination articles are fixed, and the scope of the examination is also set and limited to the Four Books and Five Classics, and no other ideas are allowed to exist. Under the implementation of this kind of policy, the stereotyped writing fettered the scholar's thought, and the theory of Chengs and Zhu Xi became rigid under the guidance of the imperial examination system. Scholars have spent their whole lives studying the writing of stereotyped writing, lacking understanding of politics and social reality. Intellectuals 'thinking is solidified and they weren’t able to think out of box. Gu Yanwu, the great mind in late Ming dynasty, once said: "The harm of stereotyped writing is equivalent to burning books." From the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the advantages of selecting scholars from stereotyped writing increasingly decreased and the disadvantages gradually increased, which became one of the important factors for the stagnation of national development and the decline of national strength in the late Qing Dynasty.
===End===
In the late Qing Dynasty, due to foreign aggression, China continued to cede territory and pay reparations, and popular discontent ran high. The Qing Dynasty was in serious crisis and emperors wanted to consolidate the rule through reform. Meanwhile, the westernization movement continued to develop, and many western thoughts and ideas spread to China as well(徐云, 2022). Therefore, in order to meet requirements of national development, the content of the imperial examination was constantly adjusted, and the stereotyped writing was gradually abolished. However, the disadvantages of the imperial examination system had been irreversible detrimental and could not become beneficial through reform. Thus, The imperial examination system, frst administered in 605 CE during the Sui dynasty, continued almost uninterrupted until it was finally abandoned in 1905 CE(Barry O’Sullivan, 2022). At this point, the imperial examination system completely withdrew from the stage of history.
===Conclusion===
As a culture formed by the evolution and development of the Chinese civilization for five thousand years, the traditional Chinese culture reflects the characteristics and features of the Chinese nation. As one of the basic components and core elements of traditional Chinese culture, the imperial examination system not only has a significant impact on the history of nearly 1,300 years, but also plays an important role in modern Chinese culture and civil servant examination system.
The 1300 years' imperial examination tradition of selecting officials has given the Chinese nation legitimate reasons and cultural confidence to adhere to the system of selecting talents by examination, but on the basis of adhering to the system, we should carefully study the history and cultural connotation of the imperial examination system, timely update the content standard of selecting talents, so as to provide more profound cultural capital for the great rejuvenation of the contemporary Chinese nation.

===Reference===
[1]O’ Sullivan, Barry, and Liying Cheng. "Lessons from the Chinese imperial examination system." Language Testing in Asia 12.1 (2022): 1-20.
[2]Ho, P., 1962. The Ladder of Success in Imperial China: Aspects of Social Mobility. Columbia University Press.
[3]周奇[Zhou Qi], 金滢坤[Jin Yingkun]."论隋代察举制向科举制的转变."[The transformation from investigation examination system to Imperial Examination System in Sui Dynasty] 人文杂志[''Humanities journal''] .05(2022):129-140.
[4]李亚彬[Li Yabin]."问史——科举制何以终结门阀士族."[A Question of History - Why the Imperial examination system ended the royal families]. 博览群书[''Well Read''] .06(2020):37-41.
[5]王一汕[Wang Yishan]."唐朝科举制与文化繁荣."[The Imperial Examination and cultural Prosperity in Tang Dynasty] 历史学习[''History Learning''] .03(2010):19-20.
[6]邓叶倩[Deng Yeqian]."论中国古代科举制度及其影响." [The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China and its Influence.]汉字文化[''Chinese Character Culture''].14(2019):66+79.
[7]徐云[Xu Yun]."科举制度废除：过程、原因及影响探讨."[The abolition of the Imperial Examination System: A probe into the Process, Causes and Effects.] 今古文创[''Modern and Ancient Literary Creation''] .43(2022):64-66.
===Reference===
The Imperial Examination System 科举制度
Nine-rank system 九品中正制
Datang Xinyu 《大唐新语》
Jinshi 进士
Provincial Examination 乡试
Wu Zetian 武则天
Ministry of War 兵部
Sealing and transcription 弥封和誊录
Neo-Confucianism 儒家理学
Metropolitan examination 会试
Palace examination 殿试
Ministry of Rites 礼部
The three consecutive Yuan (Lian Zhong San Yuan) 连中三元
To be a scholar is to be the top of society 万般皆下品，惟有读书高
the imperial examinations to admit scholars 童试
county examination 院试
stereotyped writing 八股文
The harm of stereotyped writing is equivalent to burning books. 八股之害，甚于焚书
===Questions===
1.When was the imperial examination system abolished？
A.1905 B.1907 C.1904 D.1908
2.What are the types of imperial examinations in Ming and Qing Dynasties?
A.the imperial examinations to admit scholars B.county examination C.provincial examination D.metropolitan examination E.palace examination.
3.What are the reasons for the abolition of stereotyped writing?
===Questions===
Correct answers are：
1.A
2.ABCDE
3. (1) Foreign invasion and compensation caused the Qing Dynasty to fall into crisis. (2) When western ideas were introduced into China, the stereotyped writing was already backward and could not meet the needs of national development. (3) The Qing government's policy was weak and the reform on keju was useless.

==202270081694 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing 英语口译(English interpretation)==
刘雨晴Liu Yuqing, 202270081694

== '''Abstract''' ==

Chinese people attach great importance to family, which makes family an important part of Chinese culture. The traditional family structure in China mainly consists of Joint Family, stem family, and nuclear family. However, along with the profound changes that have occurred in modern China, the Chinese family structure is also changing, with the nuclear family gradually becoming the dominant family structure and marriage becoming more liberal and the divorce rate increasing. At the same time, there is a growing trend toward gender equality in family relations. Of course, the reasons behind the changes in family structure cannot be separated from the development of society, policy changes, transition in social ideology and even the influence of globalization. In turn, the transition in family structure also has an impact on education and social and economic development.

== '''Key Words''' ==

family structure;changes; nuclear family

== '''题目''' ==

中国传统家庭结构的变化

== '''摘要''' ==

中国人非常重视家庭，家庭是中国文化的重要组成部分。中国的传统家庭结构主要包括联合家庭、直系家庭、核心家庭。然而，伴随着现代中国发生的深刻变化，中国的家庭结构也在发生变化，核心家庭逐渐成为家庭结构的主导，婚姻变得更加自由，离婚率不断上升。同时，家庭关系中的性别平等趋势也越来越明显。当然，家庭结构变化背后的原因离不开社会的发展、政策的变化、社会意识形态的转型，甚至全球化的影响。反过来，家庭结构的转型也会对教育和社会经济发展产生影响。

== '''关键词''' ==

家庭结构；变化；核心家庭；

'''I. The main types of traditional Chinese family structures'''

1.Joint Family
A joint family is usually a large undivided family where members of more than two generation live together under one roof (grandparents, parents, uncles, aunts, their children or even grandchildren). This kind of family is large in size and is usually headed by the eldest member of the family. The responsibility of making decisions rests with the head of the family, although family members can give suggestions. After marriage, the children also live in the same house along with other family members. This family structure was common among wealthy families in ancient China. For example, the family structure in the Dream of the Red Chamber is a typical joint family.
2. Stem family
A stem family consists of parents and one married child, his or her spouse and offspring. It has three generations (or even four), but each generation has at most one couple. It is also known as a medium-sized family. For example, in a stem family, there are grandparents, parents and children, but it does not include uncles and aunts. In terms of size, it is smaller than a joint family while bigger than a nuclear family.
3. Nuclear family
Nuclear family refers to the core members of a family, usually two parents and their children. Children are included only while they’re young enough to live with their parents. This family unit became widely recognized because it’s where many of society’s rules and norms are passed along from parent to child. Sociologists see the concept of a nuclear family as a fundamental building block of society.

'''II. Characteristics of traditional family structure'''

According to the records, in the mid to late 18th century of China, the proportion of nuclear family was over 50%, stem family about 30% and joint family less than 10%. This indicates that nuclear family had become the dominant family form in the society at that time. And the following are the main features within the traditional family structure:
1. Men are Superior to Women and husband guides wife .This feature constitutes the basic structure of the traditional family. As Fei Xiaotong said, the core of a tradition family relationship is the parent-child relationship while the relationship between husband and wife is unimportant.
2. The eldest son has equal inheritance rights with the other brothers. The family became smaller and smaller. Finally, it stayed in the model of a nuclear family. The daughter has no right to inherit, but has the right to get a dowry. The so-called wealth only within three generations is the embodiment of this inheritance system of dividing family assets and the reason why there are few large families in China.
3. Marriage is decided by parents
Children have no marital autonomy. Marriage is often decided by parents. The daughter may have never had any contacts with the husband's family before marrying him, and the wife should be subordinate to her husband.
4. The traditional family has mixed functions, including economic, nurturing, support, affection, support, etc.

'''III. The transition of family structure from traditional to modern.'''

Since the reform and opening up, social resources have been relatively abundant and every aspect of the family has changed dramatically.
1. The family is becoming more nuclearized. Since many of the functions of the family, such as production, education, and support of elders, have been replaced by society. Society has built a large number of nursery schools and nursing homes, it is not necessary to maintain a large family size to perform these functions.
2. Some other types of family structures have emerged. These are: single person families, cohabiting families and even some homosexual cohabiting families.
3. Marriage tends to be autonomous and divorce rate increases. In contemporary times, divorce has also become common, the way of divorce has become more civilized, and more and more divorces are initiated by the wife. In addition, remarriage in old age has been widely accepted by the society, and there is a new trend of the younger generation matching and organizing weddings for their parents.
4. Increasing trend of gender equality in family relations. In today's families, the traditional patriarchy is disappearing and the concept of male superiority over female has been fundamentally changed. There is a tendency for family members to discuss with each other, to make democratic decisions, and to be democratic and egalitarian.

'''IV. Causes behind the changes in family structure'''

1. The One-Child policy has had a huge impact on the structure and size of families in China.
In the late 1970s, The One-Child policy was introduced in China as a national policy. This policy has had a decisive effect on the structure and size of families in China, promoting the trend of the nuclear family. Since the main purpose of the One-Child policy was to reduce the birth rate of each family. Only one child is allowed in urban families and no more than two in rural families (except for ethnic minority areas) and the government was promoting the concept of equality between men and women. A large number of “the only child” are born in cities. In addition, most young married couples live apart from their parents after marriage, thus more and more nuclear families have emerged. The number of empty nest families has also increased.
2. With the development of economy, many responsibilities of the family were assumed by the society, thus nuclear family became more dominating. The tradition family assumed responsibilities such as nurturing children, support the elders and production. But in modern times, economic development has also promoted the division of labor and the development of the social welfare system, and various institutions have emerged in society to help assume some of the family obligations. For example, nursing homes can help take care of the elders, and nurseries or schools can help care for the children. In this way, the adult workforce in the family can devote more energy to their work. In addition, since older couples have pensions and retirement funds after retirement, they can live without relying on their children after retirement, and they prefer to live separately from their children to avoid the tension that may arise between the two generations of couples.
3. The influence of globalization on the family concept in China since the reform and opening up.
Since the opening up, western ideas have come into China, and the younger generation has been increasingly influenced by western family concepts. The emphasis on self-independence in the Western family concept has a great influence on young people. For example, premarital cohabitation, trial marriage, free love, celibacy, gender equality and so on. These concepts have caused an unprecedented impact on the traditional family concept in China. A lot of media reports about western families flooded into our lives, which also had an important impact on our young generation.

'''V. Influences follow the changes'''

1. Impact of changing family structure on family education
The size of the family has shrunk and parents have become more concerned with their children's development. Children are seen as an individual with a sense of independence, personality and individuality, and the goal of parents in raising their children shifted from “glorifying their ancestors” to achieving the all-round development of the child, freedom of personality and perfection of character.
2. The impact of changes in family structure on the economy
As the basic consumption unit of society, the family not only creates new social demand, but also influences social supply. As the population grows and the joint family gradually divides, many new families are created. The rapid increase in the number of households inevitably leads to a simultaneous increase in the demand for many goods, such as housing and furnishings, matching kitchen and sanitary equipment, high-end durable household appliances, furniture sets, cars and household services. In addition, smaller families have more needs for enjoyment and development, higher expectations for their children, and relatively higher expenditures for their children's education and training; With the number of elderly families, especially empty nesters t, continues to increase, there will be a significant increase in elderly living goods and facilities to serve the elderly. These changes in demand structure provide an important basis for corresponding adjustments in the supply structure.

== '''References''' ==
[1] 王跃生，当代中国家庭结构变动分析[J].中国社会科学，2006（01）
[2] 王跃生，中国家庭结构变动与特征[J].人口与计划生育，2017（09）
[3] 胡亮，由传统到现代---中国家庭结构变迁特点及原因分析[J].西北人口，2004（2）
[4] 童辉杰，黄成毅，当代中国家庭结构的变迁及其社会影响[J].西北人口，2015（06）
[5]吴愈晓，王鹏，杜思佳，变迁中的中国家庭结构与青少年发展，中国社会科学，2018（2）

== '''Questions''' ==

1. What are the main types of traditional Chinese family structures? A. Stem family B. Joint family C.nuclear famliy D.composite family
2. When was the One-Child policy was introduced in China? A.In the late 1970s B.In the early 1970s C . In the late 1980s D. In the early 1980s.
3. Which type of family structures are realistically depicted in Dream of the Red Chamber? A. Stem family B. Joint family C.nuclear famliy D.composite family
4. Which types of family structure is the dominating one nowadays?A. Nuclear family B. Joint family C.Single-parent famliy D.Stem family

== '''Answers''' ==

1. A,B,C 2. A 3.B 4. A

=202270081710 鲁思 Lu Si 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=
==Evolution and Characteristics of Ancient Currency in China==
<center>鲁思Lu Si，202270081710</center>
===Abstract===
Currency is the cultural essence of the development of civilizations of all nations for thousands of years, and is also the common material and spiritual wealth of mankind. China has been using money for 5,000 years. Due to the evolution of history, nearly tens of thousands of currencies (banknotes and coins) and colorful Chinese currency culture have been created, and a system with its own unique style has been formed.
=== Key Words ===
Ancient Currency，Monetary Evolution，Characteristics of Money
=== Introduction ===
China is one of the earliest countries in the world to use currency, with a history of 5,000 years. In the process of its formation and development, ancient China currency has undergone six major evolutions

=== Evolution of Ancient Currency ===
1.Evolution from natural currency to artificial currency.
Shell is the earliest currency in China. It was used as currency in Shang Dynasty. In all the China characters were related to value are mostly from "shell." With the development of commodity exchange, the demand for money was increasing, and seashell could not meet people's demand. People began to imitate seashell with copper in Shang Dynasty.The appearance of copper coin is an important evolution from natural currency to artificial currency in the history of ancient currency in China. With the extensive use of artificial coins, seashells, a natural currency, gradually withdrew from the monetary stage of China.

2.Evolution from disordered shape to unified shape.
From the appearance of copper coins in Shang Dynasty to the Warring States Period, there were many shapes of currency in our country. During the Warring States Period, not only countries made their own money, but also all regions within a vassal country made their own money. It is famous for the spade-shaped coin of Zhao, the sword-shaped coin Qi, the round square hole coins of Qin and the Each within Zhu（commonly known ant nose money） of Chu各内朱俗称蚁鼻钱. After the Qin Dynasty unified China, also the currency. the First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty promulgated the earliest currency law in China in 210 B.C., which stipulated that ‘banliang’, at first called ring money and later ‘fang kong yuan qian’(Circular Coin with a Square Hole).After the unification of Qin, ‘banliang’ coin was spread around the whole country. The unification of currency ended the disorder state of different shapes and weights of ancient currency in China, and was an important evolution from disordered shape to standardized shape in the history of ancient currency in China. The shape of this round square hole, which was determined by Qin Banliang coin, continued until the early period of the Republic of China.

3.Evolution from local coinage to central coinage.
In the early days of the Han Dynasty, the county was allowed to freely cast money. According to the records of Han Shu·Monograph on Food and Currency , Emperor Wen "except for the order of stealing and casting money, the people let the casting go," so "stealing and casting rose like clouds." This not only caused the chaos of the currency, but also made the rich merchants manipulate the right to coin, rich than the emperor. In 118 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered new coins of five baht to be cast because banliang of coins were stolen and cast continuously, and allowed all prefectures to cast them, commonly known as "five baht of prefectures." In 113 B. C., Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took back the right of coining coins in the county state, and the three officials of Shanglin unified the coinage of five baht coins, which became the only legal currency at that time. From then on, the unified management of coin minting and issuing by the central government was determined, which was an important evolution from local coinage to central coinage in the history of ancient China currency. Since then, the coins of the past dynasties have been directly managed by the central government. The centralization of the coinage right played an important role in stabilizing the political situation and economic development of each dynasty.

4.From the weight of documents to the evolution of Tongbao（通宝） and Yuanbao（元宝）.
Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, coins usually have a clear indication of the weight of the money, such as "banliang,""wuzhu coin" and so on (twenty-four baht for one liang). In the fourth year of Emperor Gaozu 's reign (621), Li Yuan decided to reform the currency system, abolish the ancient coins of different weights, take the meaning of "opening up a new era," and uniformly cast "Kaiyuan Tongbao" coins. "Kaiyuan Tongbao" is an anti-Qin and Han Dynasty old system, money does not write weight, is China 's ancient currency from the weight of documents to Tongbao, Yuan Bao evolution. "Kaiyuan Tongbao" money is the earliest Tongbao money in China. Since then, China 's copper coins no longer use money to mark the weight, are to Tongbao, Yuanbao commensurate, it has been used until the Revolution of 1911 "Republic of China Tongbao."

5.The evolution of metal currency to paper money "Jiaozi."
In the Northern Song Dynasty, with the development of exchange, the amount of currency in circulation increased. When Taizong of the Northern Song Dynasty, the annual coin was 800,000 Guan, which gradually increased later. Because of the shortage of copper material for casting coins, the government made up for the shortage of copper coins by casting iron coins in large quantities in some areas. According to the records of Song History, the iron coins cast in Sichuan at that time always weighed 25 catties and eight liang. To buy a piece of silk in Sichuan, you have to pay 130 jin of iron money. Iron money is so heavy and inconvenient that the paper money "Jiaozi" printed by the Northern Song Dynasty came into being in Sichuan. Song Zhenzong, under the permission of the government, by Chengdu 16 rich households jointly operated. The appearance of "Jiaozi" is an important evolution from metal currency to paper currency in the ancient monetary history of our country. "Jiaozi" is not only the earliest paper money in China, but also the earliest paper money in the world.

6.Evolution from Manual Coining to Mechanized Paper Money.
In the late Qing Dynasty, with the gradual introduction of foreign advanced science and technology, Guangxu years began to buy coin-making machines abroad for making silver yuan and copper yuan. Later, Guangdong began to machine non-porous when ten copper dollars. As manufacturers made huge profits, provinces followed suit. The appearance of mechanism currency in the late Qing Dynasty is the evolution from manual coinage to mechanism currency in the ancient currency history of our country. From then on, not only the craft of casting money has undergone major changes, but also the circulation of more than 2,000 years of round square hole money died.

=== Characteristics of Ancient Currency ===
From the historical perspective, China's ancient monetary system has several characteristics.

1.The separation of monetary functions. In ancient China, gold and silver were used as a store of value, as a means of payment for international trade, and as a unit of account. But the medium of exchange in circulation is mainly borne by copper coins. Gold and silver coins have been minted in all generations, but they are more of a form of money, more of a position of luxury jewelry, used to hide wealth, used to give gifts, used to bribe, used as reserves. Copper coins were minted in large quantities as a means of payment. The nature of copper coin determines that its surface value is greater than the value of actual coinage materials, which is actually credit currency. Unfortunately, the seigniorage was hard to resist throughout the ages, and copper coins had a long history of inflation, with many instances of weight loss and devaluation. This also taught the common people that they would not use copper coins as a means of hiding wealth, but only as a means of circulation. According to the principle of "bad money drives out good money," they should spend what they have, leaving only gold and silver coins in their hands.

2.Currency casting and circulation are regional. In ancient China, coin casting was managed by different places. The sword coins of the pre-Qin Dynasty were cast by various cities, and the place names would be indicated on the coins. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, silver dollars were also cast and issued by various provinces, with place names on them. Not only is casting regional, but so is currency circulation. Of course, when the warlords were separated from each other, the Three Kingdoms era was definitely a regional currency circulation. Even in the period of political unification, the regionalism of currency circulation is still widespread. For example, in the Northern Song Dynasty, Jingdong, Jingxi 13 Road exercise copper coins; Chengdu and other four roads exercise iron money, Shaanxi, Hedong copper money, iron money both. Until liberation, the circulation of money throughout the country was not unified.

3.It has not paid attention to the innovation of monetary technology for a long time. The casting method is not advanced, resulting in uneven color and weight of currency. Although the process is exquisite, it has not formed an industrialized, expandable and large-scale banknote printing and coin-making project, so the quality of currency is very problematic.

=== References ===
 Chen Hui陈慧.(2022). 中国古代货币的演变与发展论析 [On the Evolution and Development of Ancient China Currency].产业与科技论坛 Industry and Technology Forum (09):60-61.

 Peng Xinwei 彭信威. (1965). 中国货币史 [The History of Chinese Currency]. Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Publishing House] 上海人民出版社.

 Liu Ruixuan, Wang Di刘芮瑄,王娣.(2020). 中国古代货币演变简述 [A Brief Introduction to the Evolution of Ancient Chinese Currency]. 科教文汇(上旬刊) Science and Education Collection (04):169-170.DOI:10.16871/j.cnki.kjwha.2020.04.072.

 Ma Tao, Song Dan马涛,宋丹.(2009). 论中国古代货币范畴的特点 [On the Characteristics of Currency Category in Ancient China]. 财经研究 Financial Research . (11):26-36.DOI:10.16538/j.cnki.jfe.2009.11.010.

 Tuo Tuo 脱脱. (1985). 宋史 [The History of Song Dynasty]. Peking: China Publishing House 中华书局.

 Yan Caiyun燕彩云.(2005). 中国古代货币的演变 [The Evolution of Ancient China Currency]. 中学历史教学 History Teaching in Middle School (07):51.

=== Terms and Expressions ===
spade-shaped coin 布币，铲币.
sword-shaped coin 刀币.
Ant nose money 蚁鼻钱.
Wuzhu Coin 五铢钱.
Han Shu·Monograph on Food and Currency 《汉书·食货志》.
History of the Song Dynasty 《宋史》.

=== Questions ===
1.The world's first paper money ()
A.spade-shaped coin B.Jiaozi C.Tongbao D.Wuzhu Coin

2.After the unification of the Qin Dynasty, the unified currency used throughout the country was ()
A.sword-shaped coin B.spade-shaped coin C.Fang kong yuan qian D.Wuzhu Coin

3. Which of the following are the characteristics of ancient China currency()
A.currency casting and circulation are regiona
B.distinguish one's status
C.the separation of monetary functions
D.it has not paid attention to the innovation of monetary technology for a long time

4."Kaiyuan Tongbao" money is the earliest Tongbao money in China. True or False（）
A.True B.False

=== Answers ===
Correct answers are:
1. B
2. C
3. ACD
4. A

==202270081711 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)==
==Chinese Imperial Harem Rivalry Drama==
<center>陆玉琴Lu Yuqin, 202270081711</center>.
===Abstract===
Chinese Imperial Harem Rivalry Dramas are dramas set in ancient China's feudal dynasties, with female characters such as harem concubines or female officials as the main subjects of the story, and with characters' emotional entanglements or political power struggles as the main plot lines.
===题目===
中国宫斗剧
===摘要===
宫斗剧是指以中国古代封建王朝为背景，将后宫嫔妃或女官等女性角色做为故事主体，以人物情感纠葛或政治权力倾轧为剧情主线的电视剧集。
===关键词===
imperial harem rivalry drama, feudal dynasties，female characters
===Introduction===
In ancient China, there was a well known saying to describe ancient emperor’s concubines which is “3,000 beauties live in the inner court”. Imperial harem rivalry drama uses " imperial harem " as the narrative space and " rivalry " as the narrative theme. (Wang Siqi 2020, 4) It focuses on entertainment and playful interpretation, and are somewhat different from historical dramas. In this kind of drama, the emperor’s concubines intrigued against each other for the emperor's favor and their power, which takes full advantage of the viewers' curiosity about the ancient court. Imperial harem rivalry dramas are loved by viewers for their tense, exciting and bizarre plots. ''War and Beauty'', which was broadcasted in 2004, established the art form of imperial harem rivalry dramas. In 2012, ''Empresses in the Palace'' pushed imperial harem rivalry dramas to the peak. Imperial harem rivalry dramas have taken an important place in the Chinese TV drama market.
===''Empresses in the Palace''===
''Empresses in the Palace'', written by Liu Lianzi and later directed by Zheng Xiaolong, is by far the most popular Chinese imperial harem rivalry drama. It tells a story about how an innocent young girl named Zhen Huan entered the Forbidden City and eventually defeated other concubines with her wits and schemes during the relentless palace fighting and ultimately became the Empress Dowager herself. (Mengyuan Yin & Honghong Zhou 2019, 83)

Zhen Huan was chosen for the Emperor Yong Zheng’s harem. After entering the palace, She was caught in the fierce infighting between the empress and the concubines. Zhen Huan gradually became a calculating woman in the harem. After helping emperor defeat Consort Hua, Zhen Huan was framed by empress, and she also learned that the emperor liked her only because she looked like her former lover, Empress Chunyuan, who was current empress’s elder sister and was killed by her. After giving birth to her daughter, Zhen Huan chose to leave the palace to have monastic life. Outside the palace, Zhen Huan was taken care of by Yunli, emperor’s younger brother. They fell in love and planed to go far away. However, when the fake news of the death of Yunli came, in order to save Yunli’s child growing in her belly and to rescue her seriously ill father, Zhen Huan designed to make emperor meet her and returned to the palace. She was able to evade the Empress's trap several times and eventually brought her down. However, the emperor detected Zhen Huan's affair with Yunli and ordered Zhen Huan to kill Yunli. Finally, Zhen Huan conspired with Ye Lanyi to commit regicide. Zhen Huan's adopted son ascended to the throne and Zhen Huan was honored as the Empress Dowager.
===''Story of Yanxi Palace''===
In the summer of 2018, the popularity of “Story of Yanxi Palace” directed by Yu Zheng rose sharply, becoming a leader in imperial harem rivalry dramas over the same period with a high range of influence and a high degree of discussion. (Han Mao,Jingru Liu & Zihan Qu 2021, 1) The TV series tells the story of Wei Yingluo, a palace maid, who, with her courage, quick wit, and broad mind, resolved the difficulties in the court and eventually became Consort Ling who helped Emperor Qian Long to realize “the times of prosperity”.

In order to seek the truth about her eldest sister's death, Wei Yingluo entered the Forbidden City as a palace maid. After an investigation, Yingluo confirmed that her sister's death was related to Hong Zhou, emperor’s brother, and is determined to get justice for her sister. The Empress Fucha was worried about Yingluo’s going astray and tried her best to give Yingluo warmth and help. Under the empress' careful tutelage, Yingluo became strong and upright, and put aside her grudges to live a serious life. The unfortunate death of the Empress makes Yingluo misunderstand Emperor Qianlong. The two went from mutual hostility to understanding and supporting each other. It was only before Yingluo's death that she informed Qianlong of Empress Fucha's deathbed entrustment that she hoped Yingluo accompany Qianlong and assist him to be a wise ruler. In the sixtieth year of the Qianlong era, the Qianlong emperor proclaimed Yong Yan, son of Yingluo, as the crown prince, while posthumously crowning the crown prince's mother Yingluo as Empress Xiao Yi. Yingluo finally used her whole life to fulfill her promise to Empress Fucha.
===Conclusion===
Compared to other costume dramas, imperial harem rivalry drama accomplishes a shift in narrative subject by deeply portraying female characters, with the theme of conflict shifting from the male, who had communicate power, to the female. Moreover, the main line of love in previous female dramas is diluted. The love between men and women is subjected to the main line of harem rivalry, and the love narrative is often used to highlight the image of female characters and as the reason for their character transformation. In addition, the portrayal of female characters in imperial harem rivalry drama has become more self-aware, and women are mostly no longer the appendages of men, but are equal to or even free from men, pursuing their own independence and having a sense of subjectivity.(Hu Ying 2021, 26)

In today's society, people need more pressure release and emotional catharsis, and imperial harem rivalry dramas meets their need.(Wang Maoru 2020, 178) In imperial harem rivalry drama, everyone viewer can find what they need: Academic success, the spread of information, survival in the workplace, power struggles, handsome men and beautiful women, etc.( Xiaoming LUO 2014, 178) This is the main reason of the success of imperial harem rivalry dramas.
===References===
王思齐.(2020).宫斗剧火爆的原因研判(硕士学位论文,海南大学).https://kns-cnki-net-443.webvpn.blcu.edu.cn/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD202101&filename=1020748194.nh

王茂入.(2020).《延禧攻略》对女性观众的心理满足分析. 卫星电视与宽带多媒体(05),178-179.

胡颖.(2021).清朝宫斗剧的类型化叙事研究(硕士学位论文,南京师范大学).https://kns-cnki-net-443.webvpn.blcu.edu.cn/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD202202&filename=1022405090.nh

Mengyuan Yin & Honghong Zhou.(2019).A Research on Mock Politeness —— A Case Study of the Legend of Zhen Huan..(eds.)Proceedings of the 5th Annual International Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development (SSCHD 2019)(pp.).Atlantis Press.

Han Mao,Jingru Liu & Zihan Qu.(2021).Chinese Traditional Aesthetics in Qing Palace Drama*-Take “Story of Yanxi Palace” as an example. E3S Web of Conferences. doi:10.1051/E3SCONF/202123605082.

Xiaoming LUO.(2014).The Impervious Zhen Huan. Frontiers of Literary Studies in China(3). doi:10.3868/s010-003-014-0026-1.
===Terms and Expressions===
imperial harem rivalry drama宫斗剧

War and Beauty金枝欲孽

Empresses in the Palace甄嬛传

Forbidden City紫禁城

Empress Dowager皇太后

Story of Yanxi Palace延禧攻略
===Questions===
1. When did the art form of imperial harem rivalry dramas establish?
A.2002 B.2003 C.2004 D. 2005

2. Which TV drama pushed imperial harem rivalry dramas to the peak?

A.War and Beauty B.Empresses in the Palace C.Story of Yanxi Palace D.Ruyi's Royal Love in the Palace

3. Compared to other costume dramas, What characteristics does imperial harem rivalry drama have?

A.A shift in narrative subject by deeply portraying female characters, with the theme of conflict shifting from the male, who had communicate power, to the female. B.The love between men and women is subjected to the main line of harem rivalry. C.The portrayal of female characters in imperial harem rivalry drama has become more self-aware D.All of above

4.What’s the main reason of the success of imperial harem rivalry dramas?

A. People need more pressure release and emotional catharsis, and imperial harem rivalry dramas meets their need. B.The clothes in imperial harem rivalry dramas are beautiful C.The actors of imperial harem rivalry dramas are famous.
===Answers===
Correct answers are:

1.C

2.B

3.D

4.A

==202270081705 马明宇 Ma Mingyu 日语笔译(Japanese translation)==
==The development of Chinese Animation==
<center>马明宇Ma Mingyu, 202270081705</center>
===Abstract===
Chinese animation started in the 1920s, inspired by French, German, Russian and mostly American productions. After decades of development, many excellent animations have been created, such as The Princess of Iron Fan, The Monkey King, Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother, Calabash Brothers and so on. Some of these have become household names and a symbol of Chinese culture.
===Key Words===
China, animation, development
===题目===
中国动画发展历程
===摘要===
中国动画起源于20世纪20年代,其灵感来自于法国、德国、俄罗斯和美国的大多数作品。经过几十年的发展，中国动画产业制造出许多优秀的动画作品，如《铁扇公主》、《大闹天宫》、《小蝌蚪找妈妈》、《葫芦兄弟》等等，其中一些作品已经家喻户晓，成为中国文化的一种象征。
===关键词===
中国，动画，发展
===I.The Enlightenment Period of Chinese Animation===
The period of germination and exploration of Chinese animation is 1922 to 1945. As early as 1918, American animation films landed on the Chinese mainland one after another with Shanghai as the center, which made the Chinese people in the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society at that time amazed by the strange animations. In the following 20 years, a group of people with lofty ideals represented by the Wan Brothers made great efforts to explore and learn with the goal of "creating Chinese own animations," becoming the founder of Chinese animations. In 1926, the Wan brothers created the Uproar in the Studio which had a great impact in the world. And in 1935, they made another great achievement by producing China 's first audio animation, The Camel Dance. Then, in 1941, under the influence of the American animation Snow White, the first large-scale animation of China, Princess Iron Fan, was produced, which was the fourth large-scale animation after the American animations Snow White, Lilliput and Pinocchio in the world film history, indicating that the animation level of China at that time was close to the leading level in the world. Unfortunately, the Chinese society was in turmoil at that time, and the new thing of animation did not spread to the mainland of the motherland, but could only be seen in big cities like Shanghai. Therefore, it was impossible for Chinese animation to form an industrialized development in that era. It was just a "novelty" at the time. With the outbreak of the Pacific War, the Wan brothers were forced to interrupt the animation creation, Chinese animation of the Enlightenment period has been rushed to an end. (Li Junda, 2012,5,100; Qu Huili, and Su Jianing, 2008,182; Wen Ting Fang, Po- Hsien Lin, and Rungtai Lin, 2017, 27)

===II.The Growth Period of Chinese Animation===
The growth of Chinese animation has experienced two periods of stable development and initial prosperity.
From 1946 to 1965, it was the stable development period of Chinese animation. On October 1, 1949, the People's Republic of China declared its establishment. Before this, the puppet animation "The Emperor Dream" and "Go after an easy prey" produced by the Northeast Film Studio laid the foundation for the development of animation after the founding of the People's Republic of China. After a period of time, Chinese animation industry has been considerable development. During the period from 1950 to 1956, Chinese animations mostly used the content of fairy tales in terms of subject matter; in terms of style, they incorporated national characteristics; in terms of technology, they changed from black and white films to color films. There was an initial prosperity of Chinese animation from 1957 to 1965. In 1957, the establishment of Shanghai Animation Film Studio made China the first professional factory to independently produce art films, and Chinese animation entered a prosperous period of development. At this time, the animation has reached an unprecedented level in art and technical quality. Many animations have won awards in international film festivals, such as the classic blockbuster "The Monkey King," which has made the Chinese people proud. At that time, Tezuka Osamu, revered as the "God of Japanese Manga", made a special trip to Shanghai Animation Film Studio to learn from Wan Laiming, the "father of Chinese animation". Chinese animation has formed a school of Chinese animation recognized by the world. During this period, China's animation paper-cut, origami, ink and other colorful forms of creation. In particular, ink animation was a must at that time. In July 1961, Shanghai Animation Film Studio successfully produced China's first ink animation "Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother," which declared the success of the first Chinese ink animation. This production technology won the first prize of scientific and technological achievements of the Ministry of Culture and the second prize of National Scientific and Technological Invention Award. It can be seen that there were not only many works of Chinese animations at that time, but also a lot of high-quality animations.(Li Junda, 2012,5,101; Feng Guiyun, 2021, 1)

===III.The Period of Stagnation and Recovery of Chinese Animation===
From 1966 to 1976, China experienced the unprecedented "the Cultural Revolution." This period can be called the "Ice Age" in the history of China's animation development. In 1967, 1969, 1970 and 1971, all animation manufacturers in the country "stopped production and started a revolution."
Since the end of 1978, China has entered a new period of Reform and Opening-up. In the first ten years, a number of new animation production departments emerged, which changed the situation that Shanghai Animation Film Studio stood out. A total of 219 animations were produced nationwide, producing a number of excellent and beautiful films representing the highest level of Chinese animation, such as Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King, The Legend of Sealed Book and so on. At the same time, it also produced TV animations and animation series for the first time, such as Calabash Brothers, Dirty King Adventure, Black cat Sheriff, The story of any lift and so on. Because of the wider subject matter, profound content, sharp allegory and derogatory criticism of the current malpractices, the social influence and international reputation of animation in this period also jumped greatly and won extensive praise. In the decade after the 1990s, Chinese animation continued the fruits of its recovery. Although this period has Lotus Lantern, Shuke and Beita, Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat, The big head son and little head father, Haier Brothers and other excellent works, but not much innovation in style. Chinese animation has embarked on an alternative path of "animation is what children watch".(Li Junda, 2012,5,101; Rolf Giesen，2014, 89)

===References===
1. 曲慧丽,and 宿佳宁."浅谈中国动漫的历史与发展." 今日科苑 .24(2008):182.

2. 李俊达."试论中国动漫产业的发展." 中共青岛市委党校.青岛行政学院学报 .05(2012):100-104.

3. Wen Ting Fang, Po-Hsien Lin & Rungtai Lin, Western vs. Eastern: A Reflective Research on the Development of Chinese Animation, Graduate School of Creative Industry Design, National Taiwan University of Arts, New Taipei City, Taiwan, 2017, 25-36

4. Feng Guiyun, The history of Chinese animation, from groundbreaking "Havoc in Heaven" to crappy-looking "Kung Fu Mulan", Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, 2021

5. Rolf Giesen，Chinese Animation, A History and Filmography, 1922-2012, Jefferson： McFarland, 2014

===Terms and Expressions===
Uproar in the Studio 《大闹画室》

The Camel Dance 《骆驼献舞》

Princess Iron Fan 《铁扇公主》

The Emperor Dream 《皇帝梦》

Go after an easy prey 《瓮中捉鳖》

The Monkey King 《大闹天宫》

Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother 《小蝌蚪找妈妈》

Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King 《哪吒闹海》

The Legend of Sealed Book 《天书奇谭》

Calabash Brothers 《葫芦兄弟》

Dirty King Adventure 《邋遢大王历险记》

Black cat Sheriff 《黑猫警长》

The story of any lift 《阿凡提的故事》

Lotus Lantern 《宝莲灯》

Shuke and Beita 《舒克和贝塔》

Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat 《蓝皮鼠与大脸猫》

The big head son and little head father 《大头儿子和小头爸爸》

Haier Brothers 《海尔兄弟》

===Questions===
1. What was the first large-scale animation in China, which indicated that China's animation level at that time was close to the world's leading level?

A Uproar in the Studio B The Camel Dance C Princess Iron Fan D The Emperor Dream

2. In the 1960s, there was a world-renowned classic animation blockbuster in China. What is it?

A The Monkey King B Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother C Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King D The Legend of Sealed Book

3. Which of the following animations indicate that Chinese animation has embarked on an alternative path of "animation is what children watch"?

A Shuke and Beita B Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat C The big head son and little head father D Haier Brothers

===Answers===
Correct answers are:

1. C

2. A

3. ABCD

==202270081646 彭琦 Peng Qi 英语笔译(English translation)==

==Impact of Chinglish on standard English==
<center>彭琦Peng Qi,202270081646</center>
===Abstract===
English is one of the major common languages in the world. With the development of economic globalization, more and more people are learning and using English for communication, and in this process, Chinese English has gradually emerged, which has led to many ludicrous incidents in the process of foreign communication in China. This paper discusses the concept of Chinglish, its causes, and its impact on standard English, and also analyses measures to reduce the emergence of Chinglish in order to provide a reference for English learners.
===Key Words===
Chinglish, Impact, Standard English

===Introduction===
With the development of the times, English has become one of the ways of communication in the world, and learning English has become one of the compulsory courses in China. However, many people, in the process of learning English, will have the problem of Chinglish due to the influence of the Chinese language, which affects their subsequent English learning. what's more important is that it lays a great impact on today's standard English in its development.

===Cause of Chinglish===
Chinese English is the English of Chinese learners who, in the process of learning and using English, are disturbed by their mother tongue, their culture and their communicative habits, as well as their limited English proficiency, and have to combine English phrases according to their own subjective imagination, thus appearing in English that does not conform to the standard English expressions or communicative style. The degree of error also depends on the level of English learners and the difficulty of the communicative content. This phenomenon has been studied in the past and the theory of negative transfer of language and culture has been used to explain the reasons for the production of Chinglish. First of all, it is due to the interference of native language habits. The second is the clamping down of Chinese communication styles, behavioural habits, ways of thinking and social codes of conduct; the third is that the learners' English is so poor that they have to make up random English sentences to express themselves. If we look at this issue from multiple perspectives, we may have a better understanding of it.1. Chinese English is not a standardized language system that learners seek, but a linguistic error in learning English. 2. The errors in Chinese English vary from person to person, depending on the depth of content, and can be changed through learning and self-reflection. From a certain point of view, Chinese English is a transition from Chinese to standard English, often playing the role of an interlanguage.3. Many errors are caused by a poor command of English and learners generally adopt English words, Chinese idioms and grammar in a haphazard manner.As they improve their English, these phenomena will be greatly reduced.4. Because of their unfamiliarity with Western means of communication, Chinese people often make communicative mistakes in their foreign interactions. For example, they speak in an "indecent manner" (Chinese is decent, but the direct translation into English is indecent), and their speech and behaviour are often impulsive.5. As Chinese English is mainly a kind of language disorder of English learners, this kind of language error will gradually decrease as the learners' English level improves. Therefore, Chinese English is a trial-and-error phenomenon in the learning process of Chinese people learning English, and it can be corrected and improved.

===Linguistic Impact on standard English===
There are major differences between Chinese and English. As a non-formal form of language, Chinese vocabulary is mainly monosyllabic and diphthongic, and the grammatical components of Chinese expressions cannot be expressed in accordance with morphological transformations, which is different from the regularisation of English. As a product of the fusion of the two languages, Chinglish has the linguistic characteristics of Chinese, and its vivid and indirect expressions sometimes can better express emotions. English is an open and inclusive language, and in the context of economic globalisation, the absorption and borrowing of Chinese by English has become an inevitable trend. Chinese English expressions need to be tested over a long period of time and by users in practice, so that they can be accepted as having a positive impact on the development of the vocabulary and expressions of modern English, and that the positive impact will become more pronounced as time goes on. The emergence and development of Chinese-English will contribute significantly to the acceptance of Modern English and will increase the enthusiasm of users as they will not need to follow excessive rules in their practice. At the same time, the emergence of a Chinese-English vocabulary will enrich the vocabulary of modern languages and contribute to the internationalisation of modern English.

===Cultural Impact on today's English===
The further rise of Chinese English on the agenda has to do with the large number of foreigners coming to China to work, live and travel. The most influential Chinese English is that found on signs in public places and on restaurant menus, most of which have been photographed by foreigners on the internet and appear in pictures with text in their thousands. For example, "Please take good personal luggage" is written as "Please take good personal luggage" and "First under after on, take a civilised ride" as "First under after on, take a civilised ride". First under after on,take riding with civility". The English translations of the bilingual signs in many metro stations, tourist attractions, restaurants and other public places were initially only for the sake of completeness, and some of them were just taken from dictionaries or turned out with software like Google Translate, and not many people noticed them. Surprisingly, most foreigners don't hate Chinese English, and quite a few genuinely enjoy it. Perhaps due to the encouragement of their foreign friends, for some time now many Chinese have started to create their own English words and sentences in their own way, such as Smilence, a 'self-created compound word' like Brangelina (the joint name of Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie). There are also words that translate playful words from Chinese to create a misplaced and amusing effect, such as "We two who and who? If you want money, I have no. If you want life, I have one.", and "American Chinese not enough". The Xinhua News Agency reported that this was "Chinese witticisms enriching the English language" - and it was an innovative form of Chinese English.
The Global Language Monitor (GLM), based in Texas, USA, has given Chinglish a global perspective and a high rating from the perspective of English language development. Since 2005, Chinglish has been ranked as one of the top ten words that have influenced the world, and GLM believes that Chinglish is driving a profound change in the English language, with a large number of Chinese words entering the English language as the most significant source of new vocabulary, up to 20%. Each year they select the most popular Chinese words of the year, such as "No Noising" ("Quiet, please" in authentic English), "Question Authority" ("Information Booth" in authentic English), and "Information Booth"), the 2008 Deformed Man Toilet, the Airline Pulp According to GLM, Chinese is surprisingly complex and rich in its ability to produce and accept new words, and Chinese English is a "welcome mixture".

===Conclusions===
Chinese-English refers to English with Chinese phonological, semantic, grammatical and pragmatic features, and is a country-specific variant of English with Chinese characteristics. Its words are usually produced in five ways: phonetic, transliteration, phonetic-phonetic combination, phonetic-phonetic affixation and semantic regeneration, all more or less "Anglicised" to some extent. Chinese English is a reality and a contribution to English itself; it not only enriches the content of English, but also expands its sphere of influence. In recent years, Chinese English has become very popular in China and is beginning to make its way into the English-speaking world. The famous British linguist Mr David Kristel has pointed out that with the rapid development of the Chinese economy, Chinese English is bound to have more impact on Standard English.

===References===
1. 杜争鸣. 中国英语问题及其它[J ]. 西安外国语学院学报 ,1998 ,(3) :7 - 119.
2. Jiang , Yajun. Chinglish and China English [J ]. English To2 day , 1995 :16 :3 - 3
3. 金惠康. 中国英语与中式英语讨论[J]. 广东技术师范学院学报, 2003(5):5.
4. 韩威. 中式英语的融入对现代英语发展的影响[J]. 语文课内外, 2018.
5. 琼·平卡姆. The translator's guide to Chinglish[M]. 外语教学与研究出版社, 2000.
6. Zhuang Y . Guard Against Chinglish[J]. Chinese Translators Journal, 2000.

===Questions===
1. Do you know any typical Chinese English?

2. What does GLM stand for?

===Answers===
1. Good good study，day day up; “We two who and who？”（咱俩谁跟谁？）;“If you want money,I have no. If you want life,I have one.”（要钱没有，要命一条）;“American Chinese not enough”（美中不足）....

2. 全球语言监测机构(Global Language Monitor)

==Traditional Revolutionary Songs in China==
<center>漆羿鑫Qi Yixin,202270081647</center>
===Abstract===
Rising in the revolutionary war period, traditional revolutionary songs in China, or "red Song", mainly focusing on praising the party and the country, told the difficult course of the revolution, as well as the heroic deeds of the predecessors. It expressed the deep feelings of the majority of people for the motherland, and described the Chinese nation's confidence in social undertakings to overcome difficulties.
===Key Words===
traditional revolutionary songs, artistic features, current value
=== Introduction===
Traditional revolutionary songs are a political and social phenomenon peculiar to socialist countries, and particularly prosperous in China. It is clear that they are inspired by popular folksongs (De Sales, A. 2003, 7). Their core theme is to sing songs to praise the motherland, the proletarian revolution and the Communist Party. With a strong political orientation, it contains a profound ideology, specifically, reflecting the inherent spiritual needs of proletarian revolution and socialist construction (雷亚林 2019, 63).

===History of Traditional Revolutionary Songs===
The wide range of red songs included revolutionary songs from the Soviet Union, translated into Chinese, as well as Chinese red songs dedicated to the founding fathers of the new China, postludes, military songs for improving morale, and theme songs or interludes from revolutionary movies and opera (Li, S., & Yan, F. 2020, 3). The traditional revolutionary songs started with the May 4th Movement, gradually developed in the First Revolutionary Civil War, reached a certain scale in the Second Revolutionary Civil War, became mature during the War of Resistance Against Japan and the in the Third Revolutionary Civil War, and performed well in the period of socialist revolution and construction. Traditional revolutionary songs are closely related to the tide of the new democratic revolution, socialist revolution and construction led by the CPC, and record many unforgettable events, history, characters and stories (达晖 2009, 1).

===Artistic Features of Traditional revolutionary songs===
Lyrics embraces ideology, but they reflect the time when they are written (Howard, K. 2020, 18). Musically, traditional revolutionary songs have the characteristics, such as beautiful melody, simplicity and refinement, each of which is produced and sung in the specific revolutionary life or production practice. Because the traditional revolutionary songs directly reflected the spiritual outlook of the specific people at that time, the emotions contained in them seemed simple, touching, sincere and moving, especially those that eulogized the motherland, the people, and the party (雷亚林 2019, 63).

Traditional revolutionary songs vary by period. They emerged and developed with the proletarian revolution and socialist production. In different historical periods, the content, feelings and ideas conveyed are quite different, leading to a strong sense of the times for traditional revolutionary songs. For example, Guerrilla Songs(游击队歌) in the revolutionary war years reflected the people's mental state during the war, while My Motherland, The Moon of Lunar 15th, and Bless the Motherland in the socialist construction period showed the people's spiritual outlook in the process of production and construction (雷亚林 2019, 63).

===The Value of Traditional Revolutionary songs in Contemporary Society===
Traditional revolutionary songs help young people form correct values. The advent of the Internet era has enriched the lives of young people, but it has also led many people astray. Traditional revolutionary songs inherit the ideological spirit of the revolutionary ancestors, and their ideas, glory are also of great significance to the growth of young people and the rectification of social ethos （张正雨 2021, 100-101）. The list excitingly goes on—March Song(长征之歌) about the Long March; Guerrilla Song(游击队歌) of the Anti-Japanese War; I Am a Soldier of the early liberation period; Spring Story(春天的故事), On the Field of Hope(在希望的田野上) about the reform and opening up. The content described in the lyrics of traditional revolutionary songs in each period can help guide young people to form correct values to varying degrees, and also help to inherit red culture in modern society.

Traditional revolutionary songs can stimulate people's patriotic enthusiasm. The tragic images depicted in the traditional revolutionary songs can bring people back to that special era, help people better understand the history of that year, and then deeply understand that countless people with lofty ideals just shed their blood to realize the ideal in their hearts: defeat all enemies, and the people become masters of the country（张正雨 2021, 100-101）. As the "Heroic Battle Song" sings, "The hero leaps out of the trench, breaks the sky with lightning, falls into a single block, and the sky collapses with one hand..." The popularity of traditional revolutionary songs can make the people deeply feel the noble spirit of their ancestors, and the value of today's peace, and deepen their understanding and recognition of the national spirit.

Traditional revolutionary songs can inspire people's belief in innovation. The older generation of revolutionaries fought hard for a long time, and finally drove away all the aggressors, so that today's New China came into being. Today's people still need to inherit the revolutionary spirit and write more brilliant chapters through continuous efforts to live up to the efforts of the martyrs. As an indispensable part of national culture, traditional revolutionary songs play an extremely important role（张正雨 2021, 100-101）. Here are some examples—Hands Watering Flowers of Happiness（众手浇灌幸福花）, Descendants of the Drago（龙的传人）. Singing traditional revolutionary songs can help people better understand the traditional revolution and make people realize that no matter what kind of hardships they face, they can overcome difficulties as long as they keep firm faith and actively explore solutions to problems.

===Conclusion===
"With the continuous evolution of human society, in addition to the dialectical movement of material life, the demand for spiritual life also changes," said Marx. The outbreak of the epidemic leads to more people pessimistic about the future, but the new situation still requires high morale to move forward. Therefore, the article discusses the history, artistic characteristics and contemporary value of traditional revolutionary songs. Hopefully, it can promote the spread of traditional revolutionary songs and enrich the spiritual life of Chinese people.
===References===
[1] De Sales, A. (2003). Remarks on revolutionary songs and iconography. European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 7.

[2] Li, S., & Yan, F. (2020). Searching for Red Songs: The politics of revolutionary nostalgia in contemporary China. The China Quarterly, 3.

[3] Howard, K. (2020). Songs for" great Leaders": Ideology and Creativity in North Korean Music and Dance. Oxford University Press, 18.

[4] Wang, Q. (2012). Red songs and the main melody: Cultural nationalism and political propaganda in Chinese popular music. Perfect Beat, 13(2), 127.

[5] Dahui达晖.(2009).中国红色革命歌曲的伦理审视[Ethical Survey of Chinese Red Revolutionary Songs].Hunan: Hunan Normal University湖南师范大学.

[6] Lei Yalin雷亚林.(2019).红色歌曲的传唱与历史意义研究[Study on the Singing and Historical Significance of Red Songs].艺术评鉴Art Evaluation(09)63-64.

[7] Zhang Zhengyu张正雨.(2021).论红色歌曲的传承与发展[On the Inheritance and Development of Red Songs]大众文艺Popular Literature and Art(08)100-101.

=== Terms and Expressions===
May 4th Movement 五四运动

the Second Revolutionary Civil War 第二次国内革命战争

the War of Resistance Against Japan 抗日战争

new democratic revolution 新民主主义革命

===Questions===
1. What is true about the traditional revolutionary songs?
A. being peculiar to socialist countries.
B. containing profound ideology.
C. praising good behaviors in everyday life.
D. reflecting the inherent spiritual needs of proletarian revolution.

2. Which of the following songs are traditional revolutionary songs?
A. Guerrilla Song.
B. I Believe.
C. March Song.
D. Spring Story.

3. When did traditional revolutionary songs became mature?
A. the May 4th Movement.
B. the First Revolutionary Civil War.
C. the War of Resistance Against Japan.
D. the Third Revolutionary Civil War.

4. The Value of traditional revolutionary songs in contemporary society includes:
A. inspire people's belief in innovation.
B. help young people form correct values.
C. increase material wealth for holders.
D. stimulate people's patriotic enthusiasm.

=== Answers===
Correct answers are:
1.ABD 2.ACD 3.CD 4.ABD

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=202270081643 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)=
==Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements in Animation==
<center>刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu, 202270081643.</center>
===Abstract===
Originating in the 1920s, Chinese animation has always been committed to creating a road with national characteristics and adhering to the tradition of national painting. By exploring the connection between animation creation and Chinese traditional cultural elements, this chapter mainly analyzes the application, inheritance and innovation of Chinese traditional cultural elements in Chinese animation.
===Key Words===
Chinese Traditional Cultural; Chinese Animation
===动画中的中国传统文化元素===
===摘要===
中国动画起源于20世纪20年代，始终致力于走具有民族特色的道路，坚持民族绘画传统。本章通过探索中国动画创作与中国传统文化元素之间的联系，主要分析了中国传统文化元素在中国动画中的运用、传承与创新。
===关键词===
中国传统文化，中国动画
===Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements===
“Chinese elements” can be roughly divided into three parts. The first is the inherent elements of China, such as China’s territory, China’s race, China’s climate and so on. The second is the elements of traditional Chinese culture, such as Chinese calligraphy, Chinese knot, Beijing Opera, shadow play, martial arts, etc. The third is China’s modern cultural elements, such as the Beijing Olympic spirit, the culture of China’s famous enterprises and so on. Chinese traditional cultural elements are a very important part of Chinese elements, which are treasures handed down from five thousand years in China.
===Chinese traditional cultural elements in animation===
In its early development process, Chinese animation actively studied foreign advanced animation technology and art, and greatly improved its animation skills. Chinese animation style, therefore, was inevitably influenced by other countries. In order to explore the national style construction of Chinese animation, Chinese animation artists have drawn nourishment from Chinese traditional culture. The culture of the Chinese nation has a long history and profound cultural heritage, which is an inexhaustible treasure for artists of all artistic categories. The classic elements of traditional Chinese culture, such as traditional Chinese painting, paper cutting, shadow play, calligraphy, Peking opera and so on, not only represent the traditional spirit of the Chinese nation, but also represent a cultural symbol of the Chinese nation in the world. It is the core of the construction of national animation with Chinese characteristics.
====The Monkey King====
The Monkey King, created in 1961—1964, is our first color animated feature film. The role modeling, scene setting, color expression and other aspects of The Monkey King are borrowed from Chinese temple murals, temple art, ancient paintings, folk New Year pictures, opera masks and other traditional forms of artistic expression with Chinese characteristics. Take the image of Sun Wukong in The Monkey King as an example. The image of Sun Wukong in The Monkey King is loyal to the image description of Sun Wukong in the literary original Journey to the West, and many excellent traditional elements are added. On the whole, Sun Wukong in the film is long-limbed and lean, but still clever and vigorous. His has a slender waist, and his limbs are beautifully curved. He can carry himself lightly. The lines of the image are refined like fine brush painting, which makes Sun Wukong look like the Buddha image in Dunhuang fresco. The facial shape of Sun Wukong is morphed from the elements of Chinese opera facial makeup. Among the types of Peking Opera facial makeup, Sun Wukong’s facial makeup belongs to the animal shape of pictographic face, that is, the facial pattern evolved from the pictographic pattern of monkey to represent the character’s own attributes before incarnation.
====Calabash Brothers====
Calabash Brothers is actually a paper-cut animation, which is a form of art film combining traditional techniques such as Chinese folk paper-cut and shadow puppetry. Chinese paper-cut has appeared since the early Tang Dynasty. By hollowing out the paper, it can give people a sense of visual penetration and artistic enjoyment. Shadow play is mainly showed by the leather products which are made by folk artists with hand, knife carving and painted. Behind a white curtain, artists manipulate the puppets while telling stories with popular local tunes, which is called “shadow play”. Paper-cut animation involves folk paper-cut and absorbs the characteristics of shadow play in movement and shape. It uses flat paper to create animated characters, props, backgrounds, etc. A character is often a combination of multiple parts. The movement of each part of the static picture was slowly adjusted by hand, and the various movements of the characters were shot one by one. Such a method is what we call “stop-motion animation”. One by one, the flexible calabash brothers are put out various actions on the painted background pattern, and then photos are taken respectively, and each grid is connected into a cartoon. Although each episode is only a few minutes long, it took two years to shoot thousands of scenes.
Chinese paper-cut cartoons also include Monk Pig Eats Watermelon, Fisherboy, Ginseng Baby, Golden Conch, etc. They are all very excellent animated works.
====Big Fish & Begonia====
The character design of Big Fish & Begonia has a strong Oriental classical charm. There are more than 100 characters in the animation. The creativity and characters’ names refer to a large number of ancient books and allusions. Each character has its own source of creation, such as Chi Songzi, Bai Ze, etc., many of which are inspired by the Classic of Mountains and Seas, the Search of the Gods, the Book of Songs, etc. In the image and costume design of the protagonist Chun, this animation uses the school uniforms, short hair with straight bangs, clothing style of the Republic of China period. Chun as the heir of the birth family, masters the growth of begonia flowers. He is strong and persistent. Although he looks cold and serious in appearance, he is delicate, grateful, responsible and compassionate inside. The image of the character Kun, when he turns into a big fish, is also designed according to the description in A Happy Excursion by Chuang Tzu.
===Conclusion===
The ingenious application of Chinese traditional cultural elements in Chinese animation not only shows the spiritual significance and value of animation works, but also reflects the profound value of Chinese traditional culture behind it. Most Chinese animations have bright national styles. Only in this way can Chinese animation works find their own style and keep moving forward, and Chinese traditional culture is constantly explored in this process, and revitalized through re-creation.
===References===
[1]100 Years of Chinese Animation: Role of traditional culture in development of the industry[J]. M2 Presswire,2022.
[2]Jian Luo. Research on the Characteristics of Chinese Animation[C]//.Proceedings of 2017 4th International Conference on Literature,Linguistics and Arts(ICLLA 2017).,2017:172-175.
[3]Qing Xu,Min Wang. Discussions into Necessity of Folk Art Modeling Elements in Chinese Animation Creation[C]//.Proceedings of 2016 3rd International Conference on Economic,Business Management and Education Innovation(EBMEI 2016 V54).,2016:353-357.
[4]梁凯迪.壁画元素在中国动画中美学质感的突破——以《姜子牙》二维片段为例[J].流行色,2022(10):124-126.
[5]刘康.传统文化价值观在中国动画电影中的现代表达[J].明日风尚,2022(22):25-28.
[6]王晶,冯学勤.中华美学呈现是中国动画成熟的标志[N].中国社会科学报,2022-11-16(009).

===Terms and Expressions===
The Monkey King 《大闹天宫》
Calabash Brothers 《葫芦兄弟》
Big Fish & Begonia 《大鱼海棠》
Chinese opera facial makeup 中国戏曲脸谱
paper-cut animation 剪纸动画
shadow play 皮影戏

===Questions===
1. What paper-cut animations are mentioned in the article?
.
2. Please name at least three traditional Chinese cultures that you know.
.
3. Which three animation are mainly described in this chapter?
.
4. In the animation The Monkey King, which traditional Chinese cultural element is Sun Wukong's face morphed from?
.
===Answers===
Correct answers are:
.
1. Calabash Brothers, Monk Pig Eats Watermelon, Fisherboy, Ginseng Baby and Golden Conch.
.
2. Chinese calligraphy, Beijing Opera, shadow play, martial arts, etc..
.
3. The Monkey King, Calabash Brothers and Big Fish & Begonia.
.
4. Chinese opera facial makeup elements.

=202270081644 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting 英语笔译(English translation)=
==The Comparison of Chinese and Western Dream Interpretation Theory==
<center>刘婷婷 Liu Tingting, 202270081644</center>
===Abstract===
Everybody dreams. Though it is a common phenomenon during our sleep, different cultures have different theories to interpret it. Besides, every theory of dreams carries a country’s unique culture. Dreams may can foretell something, or may not, which depends on people’s attitude. Therefore, through comparing Chinese and Western interpretations of dream can make us know what are they based on and their opinions of dreams, and also their attitudes of life.
=== Key Words ===
Huangdi Neijing, The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams, The Interpretation of Dreams, dream

=== 题目 ===
中西方释梦理论的对比

=== 摘要 ===
每个人都会做梦。尽管在日常生活中这是一个常见现象，但是不同的文化会有不同的理论对其进行解析。此外，每一种释梦理论的背后都有着该国独特文化的支撑。梦是否可以预示未来，这取决于人们的态度。因此，将中西方释梦理论进行对比，可以使我们知道它们的理论依据、人们对于梦的看法，以及人们对生活的态度。

=== 关键词 ===
《黄帝内经》，《周公解梦》，《梦的解析》，梦

=== Introduction ===
Dream, a common physiological phenomenon, happens during our sleep. It is a mixture of real and unreal, attracting many scholars through all ages to make researches on it. In China, The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams and Huangdi Neijing are two famous books in dream’s interpretation. “Dating back to the Zhou Dynasty, dream officers gave a great push to dream classification. In Zhouli Chunguan, dream officers divided dreams into six types by observing the positions of the sun, the moon and the stars.” (王健 2012，217) As for Huangdi Neijing in the pre-Qin period, it related dreams to people’s the five internal organs and Yi Yang, etc.
For the West, the most famous book of dream interpretation is The Interpretation of Dreams, which was written by Sigmund Freud. This book is based on Artemidorus’ book—Interpretation of dreams, and combines with Freud’s clinical experience. Whereafter, many masters in psychoanalysis like Carl Gustav Jung and Alfred Adler have shown up, starting to study dreams from different perspectives.

=== The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams ===
The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams is a fortune-telling book according to people’s dream. Because it is of uncertain day, so some would be doubtful for its existence. After reading the remark of Chang Feng-i, Roberto Keh Ong “tentatively proposes that the Chou-kung chieh meng was already in existence, and quite popular at that, in the sixteenth century.” (Roberto Keh Ong 1981, 6) Since the beginning sentence of the book is “夜有纷纷梦，神魂预吉凶”, “This sets the tone of the text, which means that those good fortune or bad fortune symbolized by dream are omens presented by spirits or ghosts.” (贠培基 2012, 46) But what is affirmative is that the book has a great influence in China, providing the basis of dream interpretation and enlightening people to focus on dream.
Zhouli Chunguan divides dreams into six different types, they are 正、噩、思、悟、喜、惧, indicating that how the dreams come into existence. “正梦”—an ordinary dream without causing any pulse; “噩梦”—a stunning dream; “思梦”—a dream that misses others or thinking about something; “悟梦”—a daydream; “喜梦”—a dream that makes you feel happy; “惧梦”—a horrible dream that makes people frightened.
In the Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams, there are four methods of dream interpretation:
 The method of Zhi Meng（直梦法）.
 The method of Ce Zi（测字法）.
 The method of Xie Yin（谐音法）.
 The method of Yi Xiang（意象法）.

=== Huangdi Neijing ===
Huangdi Neijing is the first medical book in China, which contains Lingshu and Suwen these two sections. “This book uses Huangdi as a part of its name, which is finished between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Qin and Han Dynasties. It is not finished in a short time, an also not be done with only one man. It comprehensively summarizes medical achievements before the Qin and Han Dynasties, laying the foundation of theoretical basis of TCM.” (王凤香 2007，23)
Though it is a medical book, it also refers to oneirology, and analyzes the causes of dream, and the mechanism of dream formation.
Huangdi Neijing explores the reason why dreams happen in many aspects, and there are six points about it:
 The attack of Liu Yin Xie Qi. In TCM, Liu Yin Xie Qi means six pathogenesis cause by eternal stimulus: wind, coldness, heat (often happens in the summer), wetness, dryness, and heat. When failing to adapt to the changeable weathers, people may feel ill and then dreams occur.
 The influence brought by the change of Qiqing. Qiqing refers to seven emotions: happiness, anger, concern, missing, sorrow, scare and fear. Huangdi Neijing reckons that they would happen in dreams, thus their variations in dreams could reflect the physiological and pathological basis of different viscera.
 The dysfunction of viscera.
 The qi of yin and yang in the human body becomes over strong or over weak.
 The state of the body itself.
 Inappropriate treatment.
About the mechanism of dream formation, the book uses these four theories to analyze it: Yin Yang theory, Five-element theory, viscera picture theory and Ying Wei theory.

=== The Interpretation of Dreams ===
The Interpretation of Dreams is a psychological work by Sigmund Freud, a psychologist from Austria and the founder of psychoanalysis. He interprets dreams by many experiments with a rational thinking, and pioneers modern dream interpretation.
In this book, “Freud argues that dreams contain meaningful information about the dreamer’s unfulfilled, unconscious wishes.” (William J. Jenkins 2017, 10) That is to say that in Freud’s perspective, dream represents a wish-fulfilment. And he also uses an example to explain it: “If, in the evening, I eat anchovies, olives, or other strongly salted foods, I am thirsty at night, and therefore I wake. The waking, however, is preceded by a dream, which has always the same content, namely, that I am drinking.” And he draws a conclusion on it: “From this sensation arises the wish to drink, and the dream shows me this wish as fulfilled.” (Sigmund Freud 1999, 25-26)
Therefore, Freud mainly uses psychoanalysis to interpret dreams, which is quite different from Chinese dream interpretation methods. And what is the most different point is that he uses sex to interpret dreams from a perspective of a psychologist, so he presents the famous Oedipus complex and Electra complex in this book.

=== References ===
 Freud, Sigmund. (1999). The Interpretation of Dreams. New York: Oxford University Press.
 Jenkins, W. J. (2017). An Analysis of Sigmund Freud’s The Interpretation of Dreams. London: Macat Library.
 Ong, R. K. (1981). The interpretation of dreams in ancient China. Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
 Tnag Yezhou 汤叶舟. (2015). 以《周公解梦》和《梦的解析》为例研究中西方释梦差异性. [Taking the book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams and The Interpretation of Dreams as examples to study the differences between Chinese and Western dream interpretation.] 文化学刊 Culture Journal, (11):84-86.
 Wang Fengxiang 王凤香. (2007). 黄帝内经梦象研究 [A Study on the dream image of Huangdi Neijing]. 北京中医药大学 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 2007.
 Wang Jian 王健. (2012). 中西方释梦的差异—以《周公解梦》和《梦的解析》为例 [Differences between Chinese and Western Dream Interpretation—A Case study of the book Duke of Zhou Interpreting Dreams and The Interpretation of Dreams]. 北方文学(下半月) Northern Literature, (09):217-218.
 Yun Peiji 贠培基. (2012). 以陈明主编的《周公解梦》为例剖析花样繁多的现代版周公解梦 [Taking Chen Ming's The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams as an example, the modern version of the book Duke of Zhou interprets dreams with various patterns]. 科学与无神论 Science and Atheism, (03):46-49.
 Zhai Shuangqing, Chen Zijie 翟双庆, 陈子杰. (2008). 有关《黄帝内经》梦学理论的总结 [A summary of the dream theory in Huangdi Neijing]. 中华中医药学会第九届内经学术研讨会论文集 Proceedings of the 9th Seminar on Neijing of Chinese Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2008:141-147.

=== Terms and Expressions ===
The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams 《周公解梦》
Zhouli Chunguan 《周礼春官》
Huangdi Neijing 《黄帝内经》
The Interpretation of Dreams 《梦的解析》
TCM 中医
Oneirology 梦学
Yin and Yang 阴阳
Liu Yin Xie Qi 六淫邪气
Qiqing 七情

=== Questions ===
1. How many methods of interpreting dreams in the book Duke of Zhou interprets dreams?

A. One B. Two C. Five D. Four

2. Huangdi Neijing is a __________________.

A. Medical book B. Mystery novel C. short novel D. story book

3. The Interpretation of dreams is written by ___________.

A. Jung Carl Gustav B. Sigmund Freud C. The Duke of Zhou D. Alfred Adler

4. How many kinds of dreams in Zhouli Chunguan?

A. Seven B. Five C. Four D. Six

5. Freud interprets dreams by _____________.

A. Asking for the God B. Psychoanalysis C. the position of the moon and stars D. physical condition

=== Answers ===
Correct answers are:
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. B

==202270081693 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin 英语口译(English interpretation)==

Topic: Translation strategies of English animal idioms

Abstract: Idioms are an indispensable part of language, which is the crystallization of languages, carrying a lot of cultural factors and concentrating in the culture factors, with plenty of idiomatic expression. Throughout the history, animals plays an important role in our life, bringing joys and company to us and become part of family. Therefore, especially in western cultures, there are many English animal idioms, which containing specific cultural meanings. People use different animals to express their feelings and ideas. This paper will first analyze the definition of English animal idioms. Also, the author will talks about some English idioms with classified animals. What’s more, the author will provide some translation strategies in translating those animal idioms.

==202270081645 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 英语笔译(English translation)==
==The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China==
<center>刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 202270081645</center>
===Abstract===
The Imperial examination is a system in which feudal dynasties selected officials and talents through examinations. The Imperial Examination System had a profound impact on ancient China. Therefore, it is very necessary and significant to understand and study the Imperial Examination System. This paper will introduce the origin and development of the Imperial Examination System, describe the types and contents of it in detail, and finally, expound its significance.
===Key Words===
The Imperial examination system, ancient China, history, culture
===题目===
中国古代的科举制度
===摘要===
科举考试是封建王朝通过考试选拔官员和人才的制度。科举制度对中国古代产生了深远的影响。因此，了解和研究科举制度是非常必要和有意义的。本文将介绍科举制度的起源和发展，详细描述科举制度的类型和内容，最后阐述科举制度的意义。
===Introduction===
===Origin===
During the Wei, Jin dynasties, the emperor adopted the method of "Nine-rank system" to select talents. However, the system was controlled by powerful families, and only the children of senior officials could be officials, which led to the solidification of the class and the inability to appoint people on the basis of capability. Whereas, in order to consolidate their rule, the rulers also gradually changed their talent selection. Some contents of the imperial examination had already sprout in the Han Dynasty, but this paper still considers the Sui Dynasty as the real origin. The book ''Datang Xinyu'' wrote by Liu Su said:" Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty changed the Ming and Jin two subjects"(周奇金滢坤, 2022). It was the Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty who changed the examination to regular, held every year, further carried forward, and finally became a clear beginning of the system.
Emperor Yang Jian of Sui dynasty understood the danger of being subject to the high rank and nobility, abolishing the "Nine-rank system". He carried out the system of selecting scholars by subject, and set up state and county schools to test students, and the state could also send talents to the central government for examination and employment. Emperor Yang set up Jinshi Branch, the school students can directly apply for the school, not to the state, county entrance examination, after passing the state, county sent to the central examination(李亚彬, 2020). Sui Dynasty broke through the old rules of the previous dynasties and created a considerable number of new subjects, which started the system of the Tang Dynasty. The standard of selecting talents gradually changed from morality to examination.
===Development===
However, Sui dynasty lasted only thirty-seven years, which meant that the imperial examination system had been introduced in the Sui dynasty but could not be further developed. Therefore, the important task was carried out by the rulers of the Tang dynasty. Tang dynasty attached great importance to the cultivation and selection of talents. After the founding of the Tang dynasty, several generations of rulers put the emphasis on to the imperial examination and took relevant measures. The first emperor of Tang Gaozu Li Yuan put forward the regular date of“every october”to go to the court for examination, and clarified the local pre-examination of the state and county, which is equivalent to the "Provincial Examination" method of later generations. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, greatly expanded the scale of the college, the school cottages and increased the number of students. Wu Zetian set up a military examination. It held by the Ministry of War examiners, mainly to assess students 'military strength. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, poetry and Fu became the main examination content of Jinshi. Also, during his reign, the court admitted many talented people. The method of selecting scholars by poetry and Fu also greatly promoted the prosperity of Tang poetry(王一汕, 2010).
Song Dynasty was also an important period for the development and reform of the imperial examination system. After the development of Tang Dynasty, the imperial examination system of Song Dynasty became mature and complete(邓叶倩, 2019). For one thing, in terms of the form, in Song dynasty, the emperor's personal visit to the palace examination turned into a custom. At the same time, reform measures such as sealing and transcription were taken. Sealing(Mi Feng), that is, the examinee's name, native place and other records on the examination paper sealed up. Transcription is that the palace examination papers will be sent to copy by other people, and then examine the official review. These measures greatly increased the fairness of the examniation, so that more talented and learned people can enter the officialdom, and these reforms even had a profound impact on the modern examination system. However, these measures required a large amount of manpower and material resources, so by the reign of Emperor Yingzong of the Song dynasty, the imperial examination was officially held every three years. For another, as for the content, Song dynasty strengthened the status and importance of Ce Lun in the imperial examination. With the rise of Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty, the ability of thinking also became an important standard for assessment. In the Song Dynasty, the emperors abolished the examination of poetry and Fu, and replaced it with the examination of the meaning, theory and policy of the classics.
Since then, the basic form and content of the imperial examination system tend to be complete. The imperial examination was held every three years, mainly divided into the provincial examination, the metropolitan examination and the palace examination. In the autumn, the provincial examination was held by each state, The first name is Jieyuan. The metropolitan examination was held in the spring of the following year by the Ministry of Rites, the first name will be called Huiyuan. The palace examination was held in the following month and presided over by the emperor. The first name was Zhuangyuan. Getting the first place three times in a row is known as the "the three consecutive Yuan(Lian Zhong San Yuan)", and ancient China has also appeared such talents. Through the layer upon layer selection at district, provincial and national levels, outstanding talents are called “jinshi”. Such elites obtained qualifications to enter the final examination hosted by the emperor, and were conferred different ranks official positions according to their performance. Because of this, the imperial examination system (keju) had become the main way for all civilians to start their official careers (Ho, 1962).
===Completion===
The Yuan dynasty saw an eighty-year suspension of the imperial examinations, which were later restored, but with increasing inequality, mainly to protect the privileges of the Mongols and reduce the number of Han officials. This phenomenon did not change until the establishment of the Ming Dynasty. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the period when the imperial examination system was flourishing, but it was also the period when it was ending.
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the imperial power gradually reached its peak. In order to consolidate the imperial power, the rulers took the imperial examination system as the most important tool to absorb talents. The social atmosphere gradually changed, and many scholars took the imperial examination as their lifelong goal, and "To be a scholar is to be the top of society." became the motto of most scholars at that time.
With the increasing importance of the imperial examination, the emperors carried out a series of reforms on it. First, the imperial examinations in the Ming and Qing dynasties became a huge system with various levels, rules and regulations. In addition to the above-mentioned several types of examinations, there are new types of examinations: the imperial examinations to admit scholars and county examination(Barry O’Sullivan, 2022), a total of five types of examinations. As a result, many people began to study hard for the imperial examination from a very young age, devoting their whole lives to the imperial examination system. The minimum age for the examination was greatly lowered during this period.
In terms of examination content. To further strengthen their rule and control over the people's thoughts, the rulers of the Qing dynasty limited the imperial examinations to stereotyped writing(bagu). The stereotyped writing(bagu) are that the paragraphs written in the examination articles are fixed, and the scope of the examination is also set and limited to the Four Books and Five Classics, and no other ideas are allowed to exist. Under the implementation of this kind of policy, the stereotyped writing fettered the scholar's thought, and the theory of Chengs and Zhu Xi became rigid under the guidance of the imperial examination system. Scholars have spent their whole lives studying the writing of stereotyped writing, lacking understanding of politics and social reality. Intellectuals 'thinking is solidified and they weren’t able to think out of box. Gu Yanwu, the great mind in late Ming dynasty, once said: "The harm of stereotyped writing is equivalent to burning books." From the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the advantages of selecting scholars from stereotyped writing increasingly decreased and the disadvantages gradually increased, which became one of the important factors for the stagnation of national development and the decline of national strength in the late Qing Dynasty.
===End===
In the late Qing Dynasty, due to foreign aggression, China continued to cede territory and pay reparations, and popular discontent ran high. The Qing Dynasty was in serious crisis and emperors wanted to consolidate the rule through reform. Meanwhile, the westernization movement continued to develop, and many western thoughts and ideas spread to China as well(徐云, 2022). Therefore, in order to meet requirements of national development, the content of the imperial examination was constantly adjusted, and the stereotyped writing was gradually abolished. However, the disadvantages of the imperial examination system had been irreversible detrimental and could not become beneficial through reform. Thus, The imperial examination system, frst administered in 605 CE during the Sui dynasty, continued almost uninterrupted until it was finally abandoned in 1905 CE(Barry O’Sullivan, 2022). At this point, the imperial examination system completely withdrew from the stage of history.
===Conclusion===
As a culture formed by the evolution and development of the Chinese civilization for five thousand years, the traditional Chinese culture reflects the characteristics and features of the Chinese nation. As one of the basic components and core elements of traditional Chinese culture, the imperial examination system not only has a significant impact on the history of nearly 1,300 years, but also plays an important role in modern Chinese culture and civil servant examination system.
The 1300 years' imperial examination tradition of selecting officials has given the Chinese nation legitimate reasons and cultural confidence to adhere to the system of selecting talents by examination, but on the basis of adhering to the system, we should carefully study the history and cultural connotation of the imperial examination system, timely update the content standard of selecting talents, so as to provide more profound cultural capital for the great rejuvenation of the contemporary Chinese nation.

===Reference===
[1]O’ Sullivan, Barry, and Liying Cheng. "Lessons from the Chinese imperial examination system." Language Testing in Asia 12.1 (2022): 1-20.
[2]Ho, P., 1962. The Ladder of Success in Imperial China: Aspects of Social Mobility. Columbia University Press.
[3]周奇[Zhou Qi], 金滢坤[Jin Yingkun]."论隋代察举制向科举制的转变."[The transformation from investigation examination system to Imperial Examination System in Sui Dynasty] 人文杂志[''Humanities journal''] .05(2022):129-140.
[4]李亚彬[Li Yabin]."问史——科举制何以终结门阀士族."[A Question of History - Why the Imperial examination system ended the royal families]. 博览群书[''Well Read''] .06(2020):37-41.
[5]王一汕[Wang Yishan]."唐朝科举制与文化繁荣."[The Imperial Examination and cultural Prosperity in Tang Dynasty] 历史学习[''History Learning''] .03(2010):19-20.
[6]邓叶倩[Deng Yeqian]."论中国古代科举制度及其影响." [The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China and its Influence.]汉字文化[''Chinese Character Culture''].14(2019):66+79.
[7]徐云[Xu Yun]."科举制度废除：过程、原因及影响探讨."[The abolition of the Imperial Examination System: A probe into the Process, Causes and Effects.] 今古文创[''Modern and Ancient Literary Creation''] .43(2022):64-66.
===Reference===
The Imperial Examination System 科举制度
Nine-rank system 九品中正制
Datang Xinyu 《大唐新语》
Jinshi 进士
Provincial Examination 乡试
Wu Zetian 武则天
Ministry of War 兵部
Sealing and transcription 弥封和誊录
Neo-Confucianism 儒家理学
Metropolitan examination 会试
Palace examination 殿试
Ministry of Rites 礼部
The three consecutive Yuan (Lian Zhong San Yuan) 连中三元
To be a scholar is to be the top of society 万般皆下品，惟有读书高
the imperial examinations to admit scholars 童试
county examination 院试
stereotyped writing 八股文
The harm of stereotyped writing is equivalent to burning books. 八股之害，甚于焚书
===Questions===
1.When was the imperial examination system abolished？
A.1905 B.1907 C.1904 D.1908
2.What are the types of imperial examinations in Ming and Qing Dynasties?
A.the imperial examinations to admit scholars B.county examination C.provincial examination D.metropolitan examination E.palace examination.
3.What are the reasons for the abolition of stereotyped writing?
===Questions===
Correct answers are：
1.A
2.ABCDE
3. (1) Foreign invasion and compensation caused the Qing Dynasty to fall into crisis. (2) When western ideas were introduced into China, the stereotyped writing was already backward and could not meet the needs of national development. (3) The Qing government's policy was weak and the reform on keju was useless.

==202270081694 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing 英语口译(English interpretation)==
刘雨晴Liu Yuqing, 202270081694

== '''Abstract''' ==

Chinese people attach great importance to family, which makes family an important part of Chinese culture. The traditional family structure in China mainly consists of Joint Family, stem family, and nuclear family. However, along with the profound changes that have occurred in modern China, the Chinese family structure is also changing, with the nuclear family gradually becoming the dominant family structure and marriage becoming more liberal and the divorce rate increasing. At the same time, there is a growing trend toward gender equality in family relations. Of course, the reasons behind the changes in family structure cannot be separated from the development of society, policy changes, transition in social ideology and even the influence of globalization. In turn, the transition in family structure also has an impact on education and social and economic development.

== '''Key Words''' ==

family structure;changes; nuclear family

== '''题目''' ==

中国传统家庭结构的变化

== '''摘要''' ==

中国人非常重视家庭，家庭是中国文化的重要组成部分。中国的传统家庭结构主要包括联合家庭、直系家庭、核心家庭。然而，伴随着现代中国发生的深刻变化，中国的家庭结构也在发生变化，核心家庭逐渐成为家庭结构的主导，婚姻变得更加自由，离婚率不断上升。同时，家庭关系中的性别平等趋势也越来越明显。当然，家庭结构变化背后的原因离不开社会的发展、政策的变化、社会意识形态的转型，甚至全球化的影响。反过来，家庭结构的转型也会对教育和社会经济发展产生影响。

== '''关键词''' ==

家庭结构；变化；核心家庭；

'''I. The main types of traditional Chinese family structures'''

1.Joint Family
A joint family is usually a large undivided family where members of more than two generation live together under one roof (grandparents, parents, uncles, aunts, their children or even grandchildren). This kind of family is large in size and is usually headed by the eldest member of the family. The responsibility of making decisions rests with the head of the family, although family members can give suggestions. After marriage, the children also live in the same house along with other family members. This family structure was common among wealthy families in ancient China. For example, the family structure in the Dream of the Red Chamber is a typical joint family.
2. Stem family
A stem family consists of parents and one married child, his or her spouse and offspring. It has three generations (or even four), but each generation has at most one couple. It is also known as a medium-sized family. For example, in a stem family, there are grandparents, parents and children, but it does not include uncles and aunts. In terms of size, it is smaller than a joint family while bigger than a nuclear family.
3. Nuclear family
Nuclear family refers to the core members of a family, usually two parents and their children. Children are included only while they’re young enough to live with their parents. This family unit became widely recognized because it’s where many of society’s rules and norms are passed along from parent to child. Sociologists see the concept of a nuclear family as a fundamental building block of society.

'''II. Characteristics of traditional family structure'''

According to the records, in the mid to late 18th century of China, the proportion of nuclear family was over 50%, stem family about 30% and joint family less than 10%. This indicates that nuclear family had become the dominant family form in the society at that time. And the following are the main features within the traditional family structure:
1. Men are Superior to Women and husband guides wife .This feature constitutes the basic structure of the traditional family. As Fei Xiaotong said, the core of a tradition family relationship is the parent-child relationship while the relationship between husband and wife is unimportant.
2. The eldest son has equal inheritance rights with the other brothers. The family became smaller and smaller. Finally, it stayed in the model of a nuclear family. The daughter has no right to inherit, but has the right to get a dowry. The so-called wealth only within three generations is the embodiment of this inheritance system of dividing family assets and the reason why there are few large families in China.
3. Marriage is decided by parents
Children have no marital autonomy. Marriage is often decided by parents. The daughter may have never had any contacts with the husband's family before marrying him, and the wife should be subordinate to her husband.
4. The traditional family has mixed functions, including economic, nurturing, support, affection, support, etc.

'''III. The transition of family structure from traditional to modern.'''

Since the reform and opening up, social resources have been relatively abundant and every aspect of the family has changed dramatically.
1. The family is becoming more nuclearized. Since many of the functions of the family, such as production, education, and support of elders, have been replaced by society. Society has built a large number of nursery schools and nursing homes, it is not necessary to maintain a large family size to perform these functions.
2. Some other types of family structures have emerged. These are: single person families, cohabiting families and even some homosexual cohabiting families.
3. Marriage tends to be autonomous and divorce rate increases. In contemporary times, divorce has also become common, the way of divorce has become more civilized, and more and more divorces are initiated by the wife. In addition, remarriage in old age has been widely accepted by the society, and there is a new trend of the younger generation matching and organizing weddings for their parents.
4. Increasing trend of gender equality in family relations. In today's families, the traditional patriarchy is disappearing and the concept of male superiority over female has been fundamentally changed. There is a tendency for family members to discuss with each other, to make democratic decisions, and to be democratic and egalitarian.

'''IV. Causes behind the changes in family structure'''

1. The One-Child policy has had a huge impact on the structure and size of families in China.
In the late 1970s, The One-Child policy was introduced in China as a national policy. This policy has had a decisive effect on the structure and size of families in China, promoting the trend of the nuclear family. Since the main purpose of the One-Child policy was to reduce the birth rate of each family. Only one child is allowed in urban families and no more than two in rural families (except for ethnic minority areas) and the government was promoting the concept of equality between men and women. A large number of “the only child” are born in cities. In addition, most young married couples live apart from their parents after marriage, thus more and more nuclear families have emerged. The number of empty nest families has also increased.
2. With the development of economy, many responsibilities of the family were assumed by the society, thus nuclear family became more dominating. The tradition family assumed responsibilities such as nurturing children, support the elders and production. But in modern times, economic development has also promoted the division of labor and the development of the social welfare system, and various institutions have emerged in society to help assume some of the family obligations. For example, nursing homes can help take care of the elders, and nurseries or schools can help care for the children. In this way, the adult workforce in the family can devote more energy to their work. In addition, since older couples have pensions and retirement funds after retirement, they can live without relying on their children after retirement, and they prefer to live separately from their children to avoid the tension that may arise between the two generations of couples.
3. The influence of globalization on the family concept in China since the reform and opening up.
Since the opening up, western ideas have come into China, and the younger generation has been increasingly influenced by western family concepts. The emphasis on self-independence in the Western family concept has a great influence on young people. For example, premarital cohabitation, trial marriage, free love, celibacy, gender equality and so on. These concepts have caused an unprecedented impact on the traditional family concept in China. A lot of media reports about western families flooded into our lives, which also had an important impact on our young generation.

'''V. Influences follow the changes'''

1. Impact of changing family structure on family education
The size of the family has shrunk and parents have become more concerned with their children's development. Children are seen as an individual with a sense of independence, personality and individuality, and the goal of parents in raising their children shifted from “glorifying their ancestors” to achieving the all-round development of the child, freedom of personality and perfection of character.
2. The impact of changes in family structure on the economy
As the basic consumption unit of society, the family not only creates new social demand, but also influences social supply. As the population grows and the joint family gradually divides, many new families are created. The rapid increase in the number of households inevitably leads to a simultaneous increase in the demand for many goods, such as housing and furnishings, matching kitchen and sanitary equipment, high-end durable household appliances, furniture sets, cars and household services. In addition, smaller families have more needs for enjoyment and development, higher expectations for their children, and relatively higher expenditures for their children's education and training; With the number of elderly families, especially empty nesters t, continues to increase, there will be a significant increase in elderly living goods and facilities to serve the elderly. These changes in demand structure provide an important basis for corresponding adjustments in the supply structure.

== '''References''' ==
[1] 王跃生，当代中国家庭结构变动分析[J].中国社会科学，2006（01）
[2] 王跃生，中国家庭结构变动与特征[J].人口与计划生育，2017（09）
[3] 胡亮，由传统到现代---中国家庭结构变迁特点及原因分析[J].西北人口，2004（2）
[4] 童辉杰，黄成毅，当代中国家庭结构的变迁及其社会影响[J].西北人口，2015（06）
[5]吴愈晓，王鹏，杜思佳，变迁中的中国家庭结构与青少年发展，中国社会科学，2018（2）

== '''Questions''' ==

1. What are the main types of traditional Chinese family structures? A. Stem family B. Joint family C.nuclear famliy D.composite family
2. When was the One-Child policy was introduced in China? A.In the late 1970s B.In the early 1970s C . In the late 1980s D. In the early 1980s.
3. Which type of family structures are realistically depicted in Dream of the Red Chamber? A. Stem family B. Joint family C.nuclear famliy D.composite family
4. Which types of family structure is the dominating one nowadays?A. Nuclear family B. Joint family C.Single-parent famliy D.Stem family

== '''Answers''' ==

1. A,B,C 2. A 3.B 4. A

=202270081710 鲁思 Lu Si 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=
==Evolution and Characteristics of Ancient Currency in China==
<center>鲁思Lu Si，202270081710</center>
===Abstract===
Currency is the cultural essence of the development of civilizations of all nations for thousands of years, and is also the common material and spiritual wealth of mankind. China has been using money for 5,000 years. Due to the evolution of history, nearly tens of thousands of currencies (banknotes and coins) and colorful Chinese currency culture have been created, and a system with its own unique style has been formed.
=== Key Words ===
Ancient Currency，Monetary Evolution，Characteristics of Money
=== Introduction ===
China is one of the earliest countries in the world to use currency, with a history of 5,000 years. In the process of its formation and development, ancient China currency has undergone six major evolutions

=== Evolution of Ancient Currency ===
1.Evolution from natural currency to artificial currency.
Shell is the earliest currency in China. It was used as currency in Shang Dynasty. In all the China characters were related to value are mostly from "shell." With the development of commodity exchange, the demand for money was increasing, and seashell could not meet people's demand. People began to imitate seashell with copper in Shang Dynasty.The appearance of copper coin is an important evolution from natural currency to artificial currency in the history of ancient currency in China. With the extensive use of artificial coins, seashells, a natural currency, gradually withdrew from the monetary stage of China.

2.Evolution from disordered shape to unified shape.
From the appearance of copper coins in Shang Dynasty to the Warring States Period, there were many shapes of currency in our country. During the Warring States Period, not only countries made their own money, but also all regions within a vassal country made their own money. It is famous for the spade-shaped coin of Zhao, the sword-shaped coin Qi, the round square hole coins of Qin and the Each within Zhu（commonly known ant nose money） of Chu各内朱俗称蚁鼻钱. After the Qin Dynasty unified China, also the currency. the First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty promulgated the earliest currency law in China in 210 B.C., which stipulated that ‘banliang’, at first called ring money and later ‘fang kong yuan qian’(Circular Coin with a Square Hole).After the unification of Qin, ‘banliang’ coin was spread around the whole country. The unification of currency ended the disorder state of different shapes and weights of ancient currency in China, and was an important evolution from disordered shape to standardized shape in the history of ancient currency in China. The shape of this round square hole, which was determined by Qin Banliang coin, continued until the early period of the Republic of China.

3.Evolution from local coinage to central coinage.
In the early days of the Han Dynasty, the county was allowed to freely cast money. According to the records of Han Shu·Monograph on Food and Currency , Emperor Wen "except for the order of stealing and casting money, the people let the casting go," so "stealing and casting rose like clouds." This not only caused the chaos of the currency, but also made the rich merchants manipulate the right to coin, rich than the emperor. In 118 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered new coins of five baht to be cast because banliang of coins were stolen and cast continuously, and allowed all prefectures to cast them, commonly known as "five baht of prefectures." In 113 B. C., Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took back the right of coining coins in the county state, and the three officials of Shanglin unified the coinage of five baht coins, which became the only legal currency at that time. From then on, the unified management of coin minting and issuing by the central government was determined, which was an important evolution from local coinage to central coinage in the history of ancient China currency. Since then, the coins of the past dynasties have been directly managed by the central government. The centralization of the coinage right played an important role in stabilizing the political situation and economic development of each dynasty.

4.From the weight of documents to the evolution of Tongbao（通宝） and Yuanbao（元宝）.
Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, coins usually have a clear indication of the weight of the money, such as "banliang,""wuzhu coin" and so on (twenty-four baht for one liang). In the fourth year of Emperor Gaozu 's reign (621), Li Yuan decided to reform the currency system, abolish the ancient coins of different weights, take the meaning of "opening up a new era," and uniformly cast "Kaiyuan Tongbao" coins. "Kaiyuan Tongbao" is an anti-Qin and Han Dynasty old system, money does not write weight, is China 's ancient currency from the weight of documents to Tongbao, Yuan Bao evolution. "Kaiyuan Tongbao" money is the earliest Tongbao money in China. Since then, China 's copper coins no longer use money to mark the weight, are to Tongbao, Yuanbao commensurate, it has been used until the Revolution of 1911 "Republic of China Tongbao."

5.The evolution of metal currency to paper money "Jiaozi."
In the Northern Song Dynasty, with the development of exchange, the amount of currency in circulation increased. When Taizong of the Northern Song Dynasty, the annual coin was 800,000 Guan, which gradually increased later. Because of the shortage of copper material for casting coins, the government made up for the shortage of copper coins by casting iron coins in large quantities in some areas. According to the records of Song History, the iron coins cast in Sichuan at that time always weighed 25 catties and eight liang. To buy a piece of silk in Sichuan, you have to pay 130 jin of iron money. Iron money is so heavy and inconvenient that the paper money "Jiaozi" printed by the Northern Song Dynasty came into being in Sichuan. Song Zhenzong, under the permission of the government, by Chengdu 16 rich households jointly operated. The appearance of "Jiaozi" is an important evolution from metal currency to paper currency in the ancient monetary history of our country. "Jiaozi" is not only the earliest paper money in China, but also the earliest paper money in the world.

6.Evolution from Manual Coining to Mechanized Paper Money.
In the late Qing Dynasty, with the gradual introduction of foreign advanced science and technology, Guangxu years began to buy coin-making machines abroad for making silver yuan and copper yuan. Later, Guangdong began to machine non-porous when ten copper dollars. As manufacturers made huge profits, provinces followed suit. The appearance of mechanism currency in the late Qing Dynasty is the evolution from manual coinage to mechanism currency in the ancient currency history of our country. From then on, not only the craft of casting money has undergone major changes, but also the circulation of more than 2,000 years of round square hole money died.

=== Characteristics of Ancient Currency ===
From the historical perspective, China's ancient monetary system has several characteristics.

1.The separation of monetary functions. In ancient China, gold and silver were used as a store of value, as a means of payment for international trade, and as a unit of account. But the medium of exchange in circulation is mainly borne by copper coins. Gold and silver coins have been minted in all generations, but they are more of a form of money, more of a position of luxury jewelry, used to hide wealth, used to give gifts, used to bribe, used as reserves. Copper coins were minted in large quantities as a means of payment. The nature of copper coin determines that its surface value is greater than the value of actual coinage materials, which is actually credit currency. Unfortunately, the seigniorage was hard to resist throughout the ages, and copper coins had a long history of inflation, with many instances of weight loss and devaluation. This also taught the common people that they would not use copper coins as a means of hiding wealth, but only as a means of circulation. According to the principle of "bad money drives out good money," they should spend what they have, leaving only gold and silver coins in their hands.

2.Currency casting and circulation are regional. In ancient China, coin casting was managed by different places. The sword coins of the pre-Qin Dynasty were cast by various cities, and the place names would be indicated on the coins. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, silver dollars were also cast and issued by various provinces, with place names on them. Not only is casting regional, but so is currency circulation. Of course, when the warlords were separated from each other, the Three Kingdoms era was definitely a regional currency circulation. Even in the period of political unification, the regionalism of currency circulation is still widespread. For example, in the Northern Song Dynasty, Jingdong, Jingxi 13 Road exercise copper coins; Chengdu and other four roads exercise iron money, Shaanxi, Hedong copper money, iron money both. Until liberation, the circulation of money throughout the country was not unified.

3.It has not paid attention to the innovation of monetary technology for a long time. The casting method is not advanced, resulting in uneven color and weight of currency. Although the process is exquisite, it has not formed an industrialized, expandable and large-scale banknote printing and coin-making project, so the quality of currency is very problematic.

=== References ===
 Chen Hui陈慧.(2022). 中国古代货币的演变与发展论析 [On the Evolution and Development of Ancient China Currency].产业与科技论坛 Industry and Technology Forum (09):60-61.

 Peng Xinwei 彭信威. (1965). 中国货币史 [The History of Chinese Currency]. Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Publishing House] 上海人民出版社.

 Liu Ruixuan, Wang Di刘芮瑄,王娣.(2020). 中国古代货币演变简述 [A Brief Introduction to the Evolution of Ancient Chinese Currency]. 科教文汇(上旬刊) Science and Education Collection (04):169-170.DOI:10.16871/j.cnki.kjwha.2020.04.072.

 Ma Tao, Song Dan马涛,宋丹.(2009). 论中国古代货币范畴的特点 [On the Characteristics of Currency Category in Ancient China]. 财经研究 Financial Research . (11):26-36.DOI:10.16538/j.cnki.jfe.2009.11.010.

 Tuo Tuo 脱脱. (1985). 宋史 [The History of Song Dynasty]. Peking: China Publishing House 中华书局.

 Yan Caiyun燕彩云.(2005). 中国古代货币的演变 [The Evolution of Ancient China Currency]. 中学历史教学 History Teaching in Middle School (07):51.

=== Terms and Expressions ===
spade-shaped coin 布币，铲币.
sword-shaped coin 刀币.
Ant nose money 蚁鼻钱.
Wuzhu Coin 五铢钱.
Han Shu·Monograph on Food and Currency 《汉书·食货志》.
History of the Song Dynasty 《宋史》.

=== Questions ===
1.The world's first paper money ()
A.spade-shaped coin B.Jiaozi C.Tongbao D.Wuzhu Coin

2.After the unification of the Qin Dynasty, the unified currency used throughout the country was ()
A.sword-shaped coin B.spade-shaped coin C.Fang kong yuan qian D.Wuzhu Coin

3. Which of the following are the characteristics of ancient China currency()
A.currency casting and circulation are regiona
B.distinguish one's status
C.the separation of monetary functions
D.it has not paid attention to the innovation of monetary technology for a long time

4."Kaiyuan Tongbao" money is the earliest Tongbao money in China. True or False（）
A.True B.False

=== Answers ===
Correct answers are:
1. B
2. C
3. ACD
4. A

==202270081711 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)==
==Chinese Imperial Harem Rivalry Drama==
<center>陆玉琴Lu Yuqin, 202270081711</center>.
===Abstract===
Chinese Imperial Harem Rivalry Dramas are dramas set in ancient China's feudal dynasties, with female characters such as harem concubines or female officials as the main subjects of the story, and with characters' emotional entanglements or political power struggles as the main plot lines.
===题目===
中国宫斗剧
===摘要===
宫斗剧是指以中国古代封建王朝为背景，将后宫嫔妃或女官等女性角色做为故事主体，以人物情感纠葛或政治权力倾轧为剧情主线的电视剧集。
===关键词===
imperial harem rivalry drama, feudal dynasties，female characters
===Introduction===
In ancient China, there was a well known saying to describe ancient emperor’s concubines which is “3,000 beauties live in the inner court”. Imperial harem rivalry drama uses " imperial harem " as the narrative space and " rivalry " as the narrative theme. (Wang Siqi 2020, 4) It focuses on entertainment and playful interpretation, and are somewhat different from historical dramas. In this kind of drama, the emperor’s concubines intrigued against each other for the emperor's favor and their power, which takes full advantage of the viewers' curiosity about the ancient court. Imperial harem rivalry dramas are loved by viewers for their tense, exciting and bizarre plots. ''War and Beauty'', which was broadcasted in 2004, established the art form of imperial harem rivalry dramas. In 2012, ''Empresses in the Palace'' pushed imperial harem rivalry dramas to the peak. Imperial harem rivalry dramas have taken an important place in the Chinese TV drama market.
===''Empresses in the Palace''===
''Empresses in the Palace'', written by Liu Lianzi and later directed by Zheng Xiaolong, is by far the most popular Chinese imperial harem rivalry drama. It tells a story about how an innocent young girl named Zhen Huan entered the Forbidden City and eventually defeated other concubines with her wits and schemes during the relentless palace fighting and ultimately became the Empress Dowager herself. (Mengyuan Yin & Honghong Zhou 2019, 83)

Zhen Huan was chosen for the Emperor Yong Zheng’s harem. After entering the palace, She was caught in the fierce infighting between the empress and the concubines. Zhen Huan gradually became a calculating woman in the harem. After helping emperor defeat Consort Hua, Zhen Huan was framed by empress, and she also learned that the emperor liked her only because she looked like her former lover, Empress Chunyuan, who was current empress’s elder sister and was killed by her. After giving birth to her daughter, Zhen Huan chose to leave the palace to have monastic life. Outside the palace, Zhen Huan was taken care of by Yunli, emperor’s younger brother. They fell in love and planed to go far away. However, when the fake news of the death of Yunli came, in order to save Yunli’s child growing in her belly and to rescue her seriously ill father, Zhen Huan designed to make emperor meet her and returned to the palace. She was able to evade the Empress's trap several times and eventually brought her down. However, the emperor detected Zhen Huan's affair with Yunli and ordered Zhen Huan to kill Yunli. Finally, Zhen Huan conspired with Ye Lanyi to commit regicide. Zhen Huan's adopted son ascended to the throne and Zhen Huan was honored as the Empress Dowager.
===''Story of Yanxi Palace''===
In the summer of 2018, the popularity of “Story of Yanxi Palace” directed by Yu Zheng rose sharply, becoming a leader in imperial harem rivalry dramas over the same period with a high range of influence and a high degree of discussion. (Han Mao,Jingru Liu & Zihan Qu 2021, 1) The TV series tells the story of Wei Yingluo, a palace maid, who, with her courage, quick wit, and broad mind, resolved the difficulties in the court and eventually became Consort Ling who helped Emperor Qian Long to realize “the times of prosperity”.

In order to seek the truth about her eldest sister's death, Wei Yingluo entered the Forbidden City as a palace maid. After an investigation, Yingluo confirmed that her sister's death was related to Hong Zhou, emperor’s brother, and is determined to get justice for her sister. The Empress Fucha was worried about Yingluo’s going astray and tried her best to give Yingluo warmth and help. Under the empress' careful tutelage, Yingluo became strong and upright, and put aside her grudges to live a serious life. The unfortunate death of the Empress makes Yingluo misunderstand Emperor Qianlong. The two went from mutual hostility to understanding and supporting each other. It was only before Yingluo's death that she informed Qianlong of Empress Fucha's deathbed entrustment that she hoped Yingluo accompany Qianlong and assist him to be a wise ruler. In the sixtieth year of the Qianlong era, the Qianlong emperor proclaimed Yong Yan, son of Yingluo, as the crown prince, while posthumously crowning the crown prince's mother Yingluo as Empress Xiao Yi. Yingluo finally used her whole life to fulfill her promise to Empress Fucha.
===Conclusion===
Compared to other costume dramas, imperial harem rivalry drama accomplishes a shift in narrative subject by deeply portraying female characters, with the theme of conflict shifting from the male, who had communicate power, to the female. Moreover, the main line of love in previous female dramas is diluted. The love between men and women is subjected to the main line of harem rivalry, and the love narrative is often used to highlight the image of female characters and as the reason for their character transformation. In addition, the portrayal of female characters in imperial harem rivalry drama has become more self-aware, and women are mostly no longer the appendages of men, but are equal to or even free from men, pursuing their own independence and having a sense of subjectivity.(Hu Ying 2021, 26)

In today's society, people need more pressure release and emotional catharsis, and imperial harem rivalry dramas meets their need.(Wang Maoru 2020, 178) In imperial harem rivalry drama, everyone viewer can find what they need: Academic success, the spread of information, survival in the workplace, power struggles, handsome men and beautiful women, etc.( Xiaoming LUO 2014, 178) This is the main reason of the success of imperial harem rivalry dramas.
===References===
王思齐.(2020).宫斗剧火爆的原因研判(硕士学位论文,海南大学).https://kns-cnki-net-443.webvpn.blcu.edu.cn/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD202101&filename=1020748194.nh

王茂入.(2020).《延禧攻略》对女性观众的心理满足分析. 卫星电视与宽带多媒体(05),178-179.

胡颖.(2021).清朝宫斗剧的类型化叙事研究(硕士学位论文,南京师范大学).https://kns-cnki-net-443.webvpn.blcu.edu.cn/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD202202&filename=1022405090.nh

Mengyuan Yin & Honghong Zhou.(2019).A Research on Mock Politeness —— A Case Study of the Legend of Zhen Huan..(eds.)Proceedings of the 5th Annual International Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development (SSCHD 2019)(pp.).Atlantis Press.

Han Mao,Jingru Liu & Zihan Qu.(2021).Chinese Traditional Aesthetics in Qing Palace Drama*-Take “Story of Yanxi Palace” as an example. E3S Web of Conferences. doi:10.1051/E3SCONF/202123605082.

Xiaoming LUO.(2014).The Impervious Zhen Huan. Frontiers of Literary Studies in China(3). doi:10.3868/s010-003-014-0026-1.
===Terms and Expressions===
imperial harem rivalry drama宫斗剧

War and Beauty金枝欲孽

Empresses in the Palace甄嬛传

Forbidden City紫禁城

Empress Dowager皇太后

Story of Yanxi Palace延禧攻略
===Questions===
1. When did the art form of imperial harem rivalry dramas establish?
A.2002 B.2003 C.2004 D. 2005

2. Which TV drama pushed imperial harem rivalry dramas to the peak?

A.War and Beauty B.Empresses in the Palace C.Story of Yanxi Palace D.Ruyi's Royal Love in the Palace

3. Compared to other costume dramas, What characteristics does imperial harem rivalry drama have?

A.A shift in narrative subject by deeply portraying female characters, with the theme of conflict shifting from the male, who had communicate power, to the female. B.The love between men and women is subjected to the main line of harem rivalry. C.The portrayal of female characters in imperial harem rivalry drama has become more self-aware D.All of above

4.What’s the main reason of the success of imperial harem rivalry dramas?

A. People need more pressure release and emotional catharsis, and imperial harem rivalry dramas meets their need. B.The clothes in imperial harem rivalry dramas are beautiful C.The actors of imperial harem rivalry dramas are famous.
===Answers===
Correct answers are:

1.C

2.B

3.D

4.A

==202270081705 马明宇 Ma Mingyu 日语笔译(Japanese translation)==
==The development of Chinese Animation==
<center>马明宇Ma Mingyu, 202270081705</center>
===Abstract===
Chinese animation started in the 1920s, inspired by French, German, Russian and mostly American productions. After decades of development, many excellent animations have been created, such as The Princess of Iron Fan, The Monkey King, Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother, Calabash Brothers and so on. Some of these have become household names and a symbol of Chinese culture.
===Key Words===
China, animation, development
===题目===
中国动画发展历程
===摘要===
中国动画起源于20世纪20年代,其灵感来自于法国、德国、俄罗斯和美国的大多数作品。经过几十年的发展，中国动画产业制造出许多优秀的动画作品，如《铁扇公主》、《大闹天宫》、《小蝌蚪找妈妈》、《葫芦兄弟》等等，其中一些作品已经家喻户晓，成为中国文化的一种象征。
===关键词===
中国，动画，发展
===I.The Enlightenment Period of Chinese Animation===
The period of germination and exploration of Chinese animation is 1922 to 1945. As early as 1918, American animation films landed on the Chinese mainland one after another with Shanghai as the center, which made the Chinese people in the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society at that time amazed by the strange animations. In the following 20 years, a group of people with lofty ideals represented by the Wan Brothers made great efforts to explore and learn with the goal of "creating Chinese own animations," becoming the founder of Chinese animations. In 1926, the Wan brothers created the Uproar in the Studio which had a great impact in the world. And in 1935, they made another great achievement by producing China 's first audio animation, The Camel Dance. Then, in 1941, under the influence of the American animation Snow White, the first large-scale animation of China, Princess Iron Fan, was produced, which was the fourth large-scale animation after the American animations Snow White, Lilliput and Pinocchio in the world film history, indicating that the animation level of China at that time was close to the leading level in the world. Unfortunately, the Chinese society was in turmoil at that time, and the new thing of animation did not spread to the mainland of the motherland, but could only be seen in big cities like Shanghai. Therefore, it was impossible for Chinese animation to form an industrialized development in that era. It was just a "novelty" at the time. With the outbreak of the Pacific War, the Wan brothers were forced to interrupt the animation creation, Chinese animation of the Enlightenment period has been rushed to an end. (Li Junda, 2012,5,100; Qu Huili, and Su Jianing, 2008,182; Wen Ting Fang, Po- Hsien Lin, and Rungtai Lin, 2017, 27)

===II.The Growth Period of Chinese Animation===
The growth of Chinese animation has experienced two periods of stable development and initial prosperity.
From 1946 to 1965, it was the stable development period of Chinese animation. On October 1, 1949, the People's Republic of China declared its establishment. Before this, the puppet animation "The Emperor Dream" and "Go after an easy prey" produced by the Northeast Film Studio laid the foundation for the development of animation after the founding of the People's Republic of China. After a period of time, Chinese animation industry has been considerable development. During the period from 1950 to 1956, Chinese animations mostly used the content of fairy tales in terms of subject matter; in terms of style, they incorporated national characteristics; in terms of technology, they changed from black and white films to color films. There was an initial prosperity of Chinese animation from 1957 to 1965. In 1957, the establishment of Shanghai Animation Film Studio made China the first professional factory to independently produce art films, and Chinese animation entered a prosperous period of development. At this time, the animation has reached an unprecedented level in art and technical quality. Many animations have won awards in international film festivals, such as the classic blockbuster "The Monkey King," which has made the Chinese people proud. At that time, Tezuka Osamu, revered as the "God of Japanese Manga", made a special trip to Shanghai Animation Film Studio to learn from Wan Laiming, the "father of Chinese animation". Chinese animation has formed a school of Chinese animation recognized by the world. During this period, China's animation paper-cut, origami, ink and other colorful forms of creation. In particular, ink animation was a must at that time. In July 1961, Shanghai Animation Film Studio successfully produced China's first ink animation "Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother," which declared the success of the first Chinese ink animation. This production technology won the first prize of scientific and technological achievements of the Ministry of Culture and the second prize of National Scientific and Technological Invention Award. It can be seen that there were not only many works of Chinese animations at that time, but also a lot of high-quality animations.(Li Junda, 2012,5,101; Feng Guiyun, 2021, 1)

===III.The Period of Stagnation and Recovery of Chinese Animation===
From 1966 to 1976, China experienced the unprecedented "the Cultural Revolution." This period can be called the "Ice Age" in the history of China's animation development. In 1967, 1969, 1970 and 1971, all animation manufacturers in the country "stopped production and started a revolution."
Since the end of 1978, China has entered a new period of Reform and Opening-up. In the first ten years, a number of new animation production departments emerged, which changed the situation that Shanghai Animation Film Studio stood out. A total of 219 animations were produced nationwide, producing a number of excellent and beautiful films representing the highest level of Chinese animation, such as Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King, The Legend of Sealed Book and so on. At the same time, it also produced TV animations and animation series for the first time, such as Calabash Brothers, Dirty King Adventure, Black cat Sheriff, The story of any lift and so on. Because of the wider subject matter, profound content, sharp allegory and derogatory criticism of the current malpractices, the social influence and international reputation of animation in this period also jumped greatly and won extensive praise. In the decade after the 1990s, Chinese animation continued the fruits of its recovery. Although this period has Lotus Lantern, Shuke and Beita, Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat, The big head son and little head father, Haier Brothers and other excellent works, but not much innovation in style. Chinese animation has embarked on an alternative path of "animation is what children watch".(Li Junda, 2012,5,101; Rolf Giesen，2014, 89)

===References===
1. 曲慧丽,and 宿佳宁."浅谈中国动漫的历史与发展." 今日科苑 .24(2008):182.

2. 李俊达."试论中国动漫产业的发展." 中共青岛市委党校.青岛行政学院学报 .05(2012):100-104.

3. Wen Ting Fang, Po-Hsien Lin & Rungtai Lin, Western vs. Eastern: A Reflective Research on the Development of Chinese Animation, Graduate School of Creative Industry Design, National Taiwan University of Arts, New Taipei City, Taiwan, 2017, 25-36

4. Feng Guiyun, The history of Chinese animation, from groundbreaking "Havoc in Heaven" to crappy-looking "Kung Fu Mulan", Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, 2021

5. Rolf Giesen，Chinese Animation, A History and Filmography, 1922-2012, Jefferson： McFarland, 2014

===Terms and Expressions===
Uproar in the Studio 《大闹画室》

The Camel Dance 《骆驼献舞》

Princess Iron Fan 《铁扇公主》

The Emperor Dream 《皇帝梦》

Go after an easy prey 《瓮中捉鳖》

The Monkey King 《大闹天宫》

Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother 《小蝌蚪找妈妈》

Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King 《哪吒闹海》

The Legend of Sealed Book 《天书奇谭》

Calabash Brothers 《葫芦兄弟》

Dirty King Adventure 《邋遢大王历险记》

Black cat Sheriff 《黑猫警长》

The story of any lift 《阿凡提的故事》

Lotus Lantern 《宝莲灯》

Shuke and Beita 《舒克和贝塔》

Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat 《蓝皮鼠与大脸猫》

The big head son and little head father 《大头儿子和小头爸爸》

Haier Brothers 《海尔兄弟》

===Questions===
1. What was the first large-scale animation in China, which indicated that China's animation level at that time was close to the world's leading level?

A Uproar in the Studio B The Camel Dance C Princess Iron Fan D The Emperor Dream

2. In the 1960s, there was a world-renowned classic animation blockbuster in China. What is it?

A The Monkey King B Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother C Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King D The Legend of Sealed Book

3. Which of the following animations indicate that Chinese animation has embarked on an alternative path of "animation is what children watch"?

A Shuke and Beita B Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat C The big head son and little head father D Haier Brothers

===Answers===
Correct answers are:

1. C

2. A

3. ABCD

==202270081646 彭琦 Peng Qi 英语笔译(English translation)==

==Impact of Chinglish on standard English==
<center>彭琦Peng Qi,202270081646</center>
===Abstract===
English is one of the major common languages in the world. With the development of economic globalization, more and more people are learning and using English for communication, and in this process, Chinese English has gradually emerged, which has led to many ludicrous incidents in the process of foreign communication in China. This paper discusses the concept of Chinglish, its causes, and its impact on standard English, and also analyses measures to reduce the emergence of Chinglish in order to provide a reference for English learners.
===Key Words===
Chinglish, Impact, Standard English

===Introduction===
With the development of the times, English has become one of the ways of communication in the world, and learning English has become one of the compulsory courses in China. However, many people, in the process of learning English, will have the problem of Chinglish due to the influence of the Chinese language, which affects their subsequent English learning. what's more important is that it lays a great impact on today's standard English in its development.

===Cause of Chinglish===
Chinese English is the English of Chinese learners who, in the process of learning and using English, are disturbed by their mother tongue, their culture and their communicative habits, as well as their limited English proficiency, and have to combine English phrases according to their own subjective imagination, thus appearing in English that does not conform to the standard English expressions or communicative style. The degree of error also depends on the level of English learners and the difficulty of the communicative content. This phenomenon has been studied in the past and the theory of negative transfer of language and culture has been used to explain the reasons for the production of Chinglish. First of all, it is due to the interference of native language habits. The second is the clamping down of Chinese communication styles, behavioural habits, ways of thinking and social codes of conduct; the third is that the learners' English is so poor that they have to make up random English sentences to express themselves. If we look at this issue from multiple perspectives, we may have a better understanding of it.1. Chinese English is not a standardized language system that learners seek, but a linguistic error in learning English. 2. The errors in Chinese English vary from person to person, depending on the depth of content, and can be changed through learning and self-reflection. From a certain point of view, Chinese English is a transition from Chinese to standard English, often playing the role of an interlanguage.3. Many errors are caused by a poor command of English and learners generally adopt English words, Chinese idioms and grammar in a haphazard manner.As they improve their English, these phenomena will be greatly reduced.4. Because of their unfamiliarity with Western means of communication, Chinese people often make communicative mistakes in their foreign interactions. For example, they speak in an "indecent manner" (Chinese is decent, but the direct translation into English is indecent), and their speech and behaviour are often impulsive.5. As Chinese English is mainly a kind of language disorder of English learners, this kind of language error will gradually decrease as the learners' English level improves. Therefore, Chinese English is a trial-and-error phenomenon in the learning process of Chinese people learning English, and it can be corrected and improved.

===Linguistic Impact on standard English===
There are major differences between Chinese and English. As a non-formal form of language, Chinese vocabulary is mainly monosyllabic and diphthongic, and the grammatical components of Chinese expressions cannot be expressed in accordance with morphological transformations, which is different from the regularisation of English. As a product of the fusion of the two languages, Chinglish has the linguistic characteristics of Chinese, and its vivid and indirect expressions sometimes can better express emotions. English is an open and inclusive language, and in the context of economic globalisation, the absorption and borrowing of Chinese by English has become an inevitable trend. Chinese English expressions need to be tested over a long period of time and by users in practice, so that they can be accepted as having a positive impact on the development of the vocabulary and expressions of modern English, and that the positive impact will become more pronounced as time goes on. The emergence and development of Chinese-English will contribute significantly to the acceptance of Modern English and will increase the enthusiasm of users as they will not need to follow excessive rules in their practice. At the same time, the emergence of a Chinese-English vocabulary will enrich the vocabulary of modern languages and contribute to the internationalisation of modern English.

===Cultural Impact on today's English===
The further rise of Chinese English on the agenda has to do with the large number of foreigners coming to China to work, live and travel. The most influential Chinese English is that found on signs in public places and on restaurant menus, most of which have been photographed by foreigners on the internet and appear in pictures with text in their thousands. For example, "Please take good personal luggage" is written as "Please take good personal luggage" and "First under after on, take a civilised ride" as "First under after on, take a civilised ride". First under after on,take riding with civility". The English translations of the bilingual signs in many metro stations, tourist attractions, restaurants and other public places were initially only for the sake of completeness, and some of them were just taken from dictionaries or turned out with software like Google Translate, and not many people noticed them. Surprisingly, most foreigners don't hate Chinese English, and quite a few genuinely enjoy it. Perhaps due to the encouragement of their foreign friends, for some time now many Chinese have started to create their own English words and sentences in their own way, such as Smilence, a 'self-created compound word' like Brangelina (the joint name of Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie). There are also words that translate playful words from Chinese to create a misplaced and amusing effect, such as "We two who and who? If you want money, I have no. If you want life, I have one.", and "American Chinese not enough". The Xinhua News Agency reported that this was "Chinese witticisms enriching the English language" - and it was an innovative form of Chinese English.
The Global Language Monitor (GLM), based in Texas, USA, has given Chinglish a global perspective and a high rating from the perspective of English language development. Since 2005, Chinglish has been ranked as one of the top ten words that have influenced the world, and GLM believes that Chinglish is driving a profound change in the English language, with a large number of Chinese words entering the English language as the most significant source of new vocabulary, up to 20%. Each year they select the most popular Chinese words of the year, such as "No Noising" ("Quiet, please" in authentic English), "Question Authority" ("Information Booth" in authentic English), and "Information Booth"), the 2008 Deformed Man Toilet, the Airline Pulp According to GLM, Chinese is surprisingly complex and rich in its ability to produce and accept new words, and Chinese English is a "welcome mixture".

===Conclusions===
Chinese-English refers to English with Chinese phonological, semantic, grammatical and pragmatic features, and is a country-specific variant of English with Chinese characteristics. Its words are usually produced in five ways: phonetic, transliteration, phonetic-phonetic combination, phonetic-phonetic affixation and semantic regeneration, all more or less "Anglicised" to some extent. Chinese English is a reality and a contribution to English itself; it not only enriches the content of English, but also expands its sphere of influence. In recent years, Chinese English has become very popular in China and is beginning to make its way into the English-speaking world. The famous British linguist Mr David Kristel has pointed out that with the rapid development of the Chinese economy, Chinese English is bound to have more impact on Standard English.

===References===
1. 杜争鸣. 中国英语问题及其它[J ]. 西安外国语学院学报 ,1998 ,(3) :7 - 119.
2. Jiang , Yajun. Chinglish and China English [J ]. English To2 day , 1995 :16 :3 - 3
3. 金惠康. 中国英语与中式英语讨论[J]. 广东技术师范学院学报, 2003(5):5.
4. 韩威. 中式英语的融入对现代英语发展的影响[J]. 语文课内外, 2018.
5. 琼·平卡姆. The translator's guide to Chinglish[M]. 外语教学与研究出版社, 2000.
6. Zhuang Y . Guard Against Chinglish[J]. Chinese Translators Journal, 2000.

===Questions===
1. Do you know any typical Chinese English?

2. What does GLM stand for?

===Answers===
1. Good good study，day day up; “We two who and who？”（咱俩谁跟谁？）;“If you want money,I have no. If you want life,I have one.”（要钱没有，要命一条）;“American Chinese not enough”（美中不足）....

2. 全球语言监测机构(Global Language Monitor)

==Traditional Revolutionary Songs in China==
<center>漆羿鑫Qi Yixin,202270081647</center>
===Abstract===
Rising in the revolutionary war period, traditional revolutionary songs in China, or "red Song", mainly focusing on praising the party and the country, told the difficult course of the revolution, as well as the heroic deeds of the predecessors. It expressed the deep feelings of the majority of people for the motherland, and described the Chinese nation's confidence in social undertakings to overcome difficulties.
===Key Words===
traditional revolutionary songs, artistic features, current value
=== Introduction===
Traditional revolutionary songs are a political and social phenomenon peculiar to socialist countries, and particularly prosperous in China. It is clear that they are inspired by popular folksongs (De Sales, A. 2003, 7). Their core theme is to sing songs to praise the motherland, the proletarian revolution and the Communist Party. With a strong political orientation, it contains a profound ideology, specifically, reflecting the inherent spiritual needs of proletarian revolution and socialist construction (雷亚林 2019, 63).

===History of Traditional Revolutionary Songs===
The wide range of red songs included revolutionary songs from the Soviet Union, translated into Chinese, as well as Chinese red songs dedicated to the founding fathers of the new China, postludes, military songs for improving morale, and theme songs or interludes from revolutionary movies and opera (Li, S., & Yan, F. 2020, 3). The traditional revolutionary songs started with the May 4th Movement, gradually developed in the First Revolutionary Civil War, reached a certain scale in the Second Revolutionary Civil War, became mature during the War of Resistance Against Japan and the in the Third Revolutionary Civil War, and performed well in the period of socialist revolution and construction. Traditional revolutionary songs are closely related to the tide of the new democratic revolution, socialist revolution and construction led by the CPC, and record many unforgettable events, history, characters and stories (达晖 2009, 1).

===Artistic Features of Traditional revolutionary songs===
Lyrics embraces ideology, but they reflect the time when they are written (Howard, K. 2020, 18). Musically, traditional revolutionary songs have the characteristics, such as beautiful melody, simplicity and refinement, each of which is produced and sung in the specific revolutionary life or production practice. Because the traditional revolutionary songs directly reflected the spiritual outlook of the specific people at that time, the emotions contained in them seemed simple, touching, sincere and moving, especially those that eulogized the motherland, the people, and the party (雷亚林 2019, 63).

Traditional revolutionary songs vary by period. They emerged and developed with the proletarian revolution and socialist production. In different historical periods, the content, feelings and ideas conveyed are quite different, leading to a strong sense of the times for traditional revolutionary songs. For example, Guerrilla Songs(游击队歌) in the revolutionary war years reflected the people's mental state during the war, while My Motherland, The Moon of Lunar 15th, and Bless the Motherland in the socialist construction period showed the people's spiritual outlook in the process of production and construction (雷亚林 2019, 63).

===The Value of Traditional Revolutionary songs in Contemporary Society===
Traditional revolutionary songs help young people form correct values. The advent of the Internet era has enriched the lives of young people, but it has also led many people astray. Traditional revolutionary songs inherit the ideological spirit of the revolutionary ancestors, and their ideas, glory are also of great significance to the growth of young people and the rectification of social ethos （张正雨 2021, 100-101）. The list excitingly goes on—March Song(长征之歌) about the Long March; Guerrilla Song(游击队歌) of the Anti-Japanese War; I Am a Soldier of the early liberation period; Spring Story(春天的故事), On the Field of Hope(在希望的田野上) about the reform and opening up. The content described in the lyrics of traditional revolutionary songs in each period can help guide young people to form correct values to varying degrees, and also help to inherit red culture in modern society.

Traditional revolutionary songs can stimulate people's patriotic enthusiasm. The tragic images depicted in the traditional revolutionary songs can bring people back to that special era, help people better understand the history of that year, and then deeply understand that countless people with lofty ideals just shed their blood to realize the ideal in their hearts: defeat all enemies, and the people become masters of the country（张正雨 2021, 100-101）. As the "Heroic Battle Song" sings, "The hero leaps out of the trench, breaks the sky with lightning, falls into a single block, and the sky collapses with one hand..." The popularity of traditional revolutionary songs can make the people deeply feel the noble spirit of their ancestors, and the value of today's peace, and deepen their understanding and recognition of the national spirit.

Traditional revolutionary songs can inspire people's belief in innovation. The older generation of revolutionaries fought hard for a long time, and finally drove away all the aggressors, so that today's New China came into being. Today's people still need to inherit the revolutionary spirit and write more brilliant chapters through continuous efforts to live up to the efforts of the martyrs. As an indispensable part of national culture, traditional revolutionary songs play an extremely important role（张正雨 2021, 100-101）. Here are some examples—Hands Watering Flowers of Happiness（众手浇灌幸福花）, Descendants of the Drago（龙的传人）. Singing traditional revolutionary songs can help people better understand the traditional revolution and make people realize that no matter what kind of hardships they face, they can overcome difficulties as long as they keep firm faith and actively explore solutions to problems.

===Conclusion===
"With the continuous evolution of human society, in addition to the dialectical movement of material life, the demand for spiritual life also changes," said Marx. The outbreak of the epidemic leads to more people pessimistic about the future, but the new situation still requires high morale to move forward. Therefore, the article discusses the history, artistic characteristics and contemporary value of traditional revolutionary songs. Hopefully, it can promote the spread of traditional revolutionary songs and enrich the spiritual life of Chinese people.
===References===
[1] De Sales, A. (2003). Remarks on revolutionary songs and iconography. European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 7.

[2] Li, S., & Yan, F. (2020). Searching for Red Songs: The politics of revolutionary nostalgia in contemporary China. The China Quarterly, 3.

[3] Howard, K. (2020). Songs for" great Leaders": Ideology and Creativity in North Korean Music and Dance. Oxford University Press, 18.

[4] Wang, Q. (2012). Red songs and the main melody: Cultural nationalism and political propaganda in Chinese popular music. Perfect Beat, 13(2), 127.

[5] Dahui达晖.(2009).中国红色革命歌曲的伦理审视[Ethical Survey of Chinese Red Revolutionary Songs].Hunan: Hunan Normal University湖南师范大学.

[6] Lei Yalin雷亚林.(2019).红色歌曲的传唱与历史意义研究[Study on the Singing and Historical Significance of Red Songs].艺术评鉴Art Evaluation(09)63-64.

[7] Zhang Zhengyu张正雨.(2021).论红色歌曲的传承与发展[On the Inheritance and Development of Red Songs]大众文艺Popular Literature and Art(08)100-101.

=== Terms and Expressions===
May 4th Movement 五四运动

the Second Revolutionary Civil War 第二次国内革命战争

the War of Resistance Against Japan 抗日战争

new democratic revolution 新民主主义革命

===Questions===
1. What is true about the traditional revolutionary songs?
A. being peculiar to socialist countries.
B. containing profound ideology.
C. praising good behaviors in everyday life.
D. reflecting the inherent spiritual needs of proletarian revolution.

2. Which of the following songs are traditional revolutionary songs?
A. Guerrilla Song.
B. I Believe.
C. March Song.
D. Spring Story.

3. When did traditional revolutionary songs became mature?
A. the May 4th Movement.
B. the First Revolutionary Civil War.
C. the War of Resistance Against Japan.
D. the Third Revolutionary Civil War.

4. The Value of traditional revolutionary songs in contemporary society includes:
A. inspire people's belief in innovation.
B. help young people form correct values.
C. increase material wealth for holders.
D. stimulate people's patriotic enthusiasm.

=== Answers===
Correct answers are:
1.ABD 2.ACD 3.CD 4.ABD

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=202270081643 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)=
==Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements in Animation==
<center>刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu, 202270081643.</center>
===Abstract===
Originating in the 1920s, Chinese animation has always been committed to creating a road with national characteristics and adhering to the tradition of national painting. By exploring the connection between animation creation and Chinese traditional cultural elements, this chapter mainly analyzes the application, inheritance and innovation of Chinese traditional cultural elements in Chinese animation.
===Key Words===
Chinese Traditional Cultural; Chinese Animation
===动画中的中国传统文化元素===
===摘要===
中国动画起源于20世纪20年代，始终致力于走具有民族特色的道路，坚持民族绘画传统。本章通过探索中国动画创作与中国传统文化元素之间的联系，主要分析了中国传统文化元素在中国动画中的运用、传承与创新。
===关键词===
中国传统文化，中国动画
===Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements===
“Chinese elements” can be roughly divided into three parts. The first is the inherent elements of China, such as China’s territory, China’s race, China’s climate and so on. The second is the elements of traditional Chinese culture, such as Chinese calligraphy, Chinese knot, Beijing Opera, shadow play, martial arts, etc. The third is China’s modern cultural elements, such as the Beijing Olympic spirit, the culture of China’s famous enterprises and so on. Chinese traditional cultural elements are a very important part of Chinese elements, which are treasures handed down from five thousand years in China.
===Chinese traditional cultural elements in animation===
In its early development process, Chinese animation actively studied foreign advanced animation technology and art, and greatly improved its animation skills. Chinese animation style, therefore, was inevitably influenced by other countries. In order to explore the national style construction of Chinese animation, Chinese animation artists have drawn nourishment from Chinese traditional culture. The culture of the Chinese nation has a long history and profound cultural heritage, which is an inexhaustible treasure for artists of all artistic categories. The classic elements of traditional Chinese culture, such as traditional Chinese painting, paper cutting, shadow play, calligraphy, Peking opera and so on, not only represent the traditional spirit of the Chinese nation, but also represent a cultural symbol of the Chinese nation in the world. It is the core of the construction of national animation with Chinese characteristics.
====The Monkey King====
The Monkey King, created in 1961—1964, is our first color animated feature film. The role modeling, scene setting, color expression and other aspects of The Monkey King are borrowed from Chinese temple murals, temple art, ancient paintings, folk New Year pictures, opera masks and other traditional forms of artistic expression with Chinese characteristics. Take the image of Sun Wukong in The Monkey King as an example. The image of Sun Wukong in The Monkey King is loyal to the image description of Sun Wukong in the literary original Journey to the West, and many excellent traditional elements are added. On the whole, Sun Wukong in the film is long-limbed and lean, but still clever and vigorous. His has a slender waist, and his limbs are beautifully curved. He can carry himself lightly. The lines of the image are refined like fine brush painting, which makes Sun Wukong look like the Buddha image in Dunhuang fresco. The facial shape of Sun Wukong is morphed from the elements of Chinese opera facial makeup. Among the types of Peking Opera facial makeup, Sun Wukong’s facial makeup belongs to the animal shape of pictographic face, that is, the facial pattern evolved from the pictographic pattern of monkey to represent the character’s own attributes before incarnation.
====Calabash Brothers====
Calabash Brothers is actually a paper-cut animation, which is a form of art film combining traditional techniques such as Chinese folk paper-cut and shadow puppetry. Chinese paper-cut has appeared since the early Tang Dynasty. By hollowing out the paper, it can give people a sense of visual penetration and artistic enjoyment. Shadow play is mainly showed by the leather products which are made by folk artists with hand, knife carving and painted. Behind a white curtain, artists manipulate the puppets while telling stories with popular local tunes, which is called “shadow play”. Paper-cut animation involves folk paper-cut and absorbs the characteristics of shadow play in movement and shape. It uses flat paper to create animated characters, props, backgrounds, etc. A character is often a combination of multiple parts. The movement of each part of the static picture was slowly adjusted by hand, and the various movements of the characters were shot one by one. Such a method is what we call “stop-motion animation”. One by one, the flexible calabash brothers are put out various actions on the painted background pattern, and then photos are taken respectively, and each grid is connected into a cartoon. Although each episode is only a few minutes long, it took two years to shoot thousands of scenes.
Chinese paper-cut cartoons also include Monk Pig Eats Watermelon, Fisherboy, Ginseng Baby, Golden Conch, etc. They are all very excellent animated works.
====Big Fish & Begonia====
The character design of Big Fish & Begonia has a strong Oriental classical charm. There are more than 100 characters in the animation. The creativity and characters’ names refer to a large number of ancient books and allusions. Each character has its own source of creation, such as Chi Songzi, Bai Ze, etc., many of which are inspired by the Classic of Mountains and Seas, the Search of the Gods, the Book of Songs, etc. In the image and costume design of the protagonist Chun, this animation uses the school uniforms, short hair with straight bangs, clothing style of the Republic of China period. Chun as the heir of the birth family, masters the growth of begonia flowers. He is strong and persistent. Although he looks cold and serious in appearance, he is delicate, grateful, responsible and compassionate inside. The image of the character Kun, when he turns into a big fish, is also designed according to the description in A Happy Excursion by Chuang Tzu.
===Conclusion===
The ingenious application of Chinese traditional cultural elements in Chinese animation not only shows the spiritual significance and value of animation works, but also reflects the profound value of Chinese traditional culture behind it. Most Chinese animations have bright national styles. Only in this way can Chinese animation works find their own style and keep moving forward, and Chinese traditional culture is constantly explored in this process, and revitalized through re-creation.
===References===
[1]100 Years of Chinese Animation: Role of traditional culture in development of the industry[J]. M2 Presswire,2022.
[2]Jian Luo. Research on the Characteristics of Chinese Animation[C]//.Proceedings of 2017 4th International Conference on Literature,Linguistics and Arts(ICLLA 2017).,2017:172-175.
[3]Qing Xu,Min Wang. Discussions into Necessity of Folk Art Modeling Elements in Chinese Animation Creation[C]//.Proceedings of 2016 3rd International Conference on Economic,Business Management and Education Innovation(EBMEI 2016 V54).,2016:353-357.
[4]梁凯迪.壁画元素在中国动画中美学质感的突破——以《姜子牙》二维片段为例[J].流行色,2022(10):124-126.
[5]刘康.传统文化价值观在中国动画电影中的现代表达[J].明日风尚,2022(22):25-28.
[6]王晶,冯学勤.中华美学呈现是中国动画成熟的标志[N].中国社会科学报,2022-11-16(009).

===Terms and Expressions===
The Monkey King 《大闹天宫》
Calabash Brothers 《葫芦兄弟》
Big Fish & Begonia 《大鱼海棠》
Chinese opera facial makeup 中国戏曲脸谱
paper-cut animation 剪纸动画
shadow play 皮影戏

===Questions===
1. What paper-cut animations are mentioned in the article?
.
2. Please name at least three traditional Chinese cultures that you know.
.
3. Which three animation are mainly described in this chapter?
.
4. In the animation The Monkey King, which traditional Chinese cultural element is Sun Wukong's face morphed from?
.
===Answers===
Correct answers are:
.
1. Calabash Brothers, Monk Pig Eats Watermelon, Fisherboy, Ginseng Baby and Golden Conch.
.
2. Chinese calligraphy, Beijing Opera, shadow play, martial arts, etc..
.
3. The Monkey King, Calabash Brothers and Big Fish & Begonia.
.
4. Chinese opera facial makeup elements.

=202270081644 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting 英语笔译(English translation)=
==The Comparison of Chinese and Western Dream Interpretation Theory==
<center>刘婷婷 Liu Tingting, 202270081644</center>
===Abstract===
Everybody dreams. Though it is a common phenomenon during our sleep, different cultures have different theories to interpret it. Besides, every theory of dreams carries a country’s unique culture. Dreams may can foretell something, or may not, which depends on people’s attitude. Therefore, through comparing Chinese and Western interpretations of dream can make us know what are they based on and their opinions of dreams, and also their attitudes of life.
=== Key Words ===
Huangdi Neijing, The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams, The Interpretation of Dreams, dream

=== 题目 ===
中西方释梦理论的对比

=== 摘要 ===
每个人都会做梦。尽管在日常生活中这是一个常见现象，但是不同的文化会有不同的理论对其进行解析。此外，每一种释梦理论的背后都有着该国独特文化的支撑。梦是否可以预示未来，这取决于人们的态度。因此，将中西方释梦理论进行对比，可以使我们知道它们的理论依据、人们对于梦的看法，以及人们对生活的态度。

=== 关键词 ===
《黄帝内经》，《周公解梦》，《梦的解析》，梦

=== Introduction ===
Dream, a common physiological phenomenon, happens during our sleep. It is a mixture of real and unreal, attracting many scholars through all ages to make researches on it. In China, The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams and Huangdi Neijing are two famous books in dream’s interpretation. “Dating back to the Zhou Dynasty, dream officers gave a great push to dream classification. In Zhouli Chunguan, dream officers divided dreams into six types by observing the positions of the sun, the moon and the stars.” (王健 2012，217) As for Huangdi Neijing in the pre-Qin period, it related dreams to people’s the five internal organs and Yi Yang, etc.
For the West, the most famous book of dream interpretation is The Interpretation of Dreams, which was written by Sigmund Freud. This book is based on Artemidorus’ book—Interpretation of dreams, and combines with Freud’s clinical experience. Whereafter, many masters in psychoanalysis like Carl Gustav Jung and Alfred Adler have shown up, starting to study dreams from different perspectives.

=== The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams ===
The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams is a fortune-telling book according to people’s dream. Because it is of uncertain day, so some would be doubtful for its existence. After reading the remark of Chang Feng-i, Roberto Keh Ong “tentatively proposes that the Chou-kung chieh meng was already in existence, and quite popular at that, in the sixteenth century.” (Roberto Keh Ong 1981, 6) Since the beginning sentence of the book is “夜有纷纷梦，神魂预吉凶”, “This sets the tone of the text, which means that those good fortune or bad fortune symbolized by dream are omens presented by spirits or ghosts.” (贠培基 2012, 46) But what is affirmative is that the book has a great influence in China, providing the basis of dream interpretation and enlightening people to focus on dream.
Zhouli Chunguan divides dreams into six different types, they are 正、噩、思、悟、喜、惧, indicating that how the dreams come into existence. “正梦”—an ordinary dream without causing any pulse; “噩梦”—a stunning dream; “思梦”—a dream that misses others or thinking about something; “悟梦”—a daydream; “喜梦”—a dream that makes you feel happy; “惧梦”—a horrible dream that makes people frightened.
In the Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams, there are four methods of dream interpretation:
 The method of Zhi Meng（直梦法）.
 The method of Ce Zi（测字法）.
 The method of Xie Yin（谐音法）.
 The method of Yi Xiang（意象法）.

=== Huangdi Neijing ===
Huangdi Neijing is the first medical book in China, which contains Lingshu and Suwen these two sections. “This book uses Huangdi as a part of its name, which is finished between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Qin and Han Dynasties. It is not finished in a short time, an also not be done with only one man. It comprehensively summarizes medical achievements before the Qin and Han Dynasties, laying the foundation of theoretical basis of TCM.” (王凤香 2007，23)
Though it is a medical book, it also refers to oneirology, and analyzes the causes of dream, and the mechanism of dream formation.
Huangdi Neijing explores the reason why dreams happen in many aspects, and there are six points about it:
 The attack of Liu Yin Xie Qi. In TCM, Liu Yin Xie Qi means six pathogenesis cause by eternal stimulus: wind, coldness, heat (often happens in the summer), wetness, dryness, and heat. When failing to adapt to the changeable weathers, people may feel ill and then dreams occur.
 The influence brought by the change of Qiqing. Qiqing refers to seven emotions: happiness, anger, concern, missing, sorrow, scare and fear. Huangdi Neijing reckons that they would happen in dreams, thus their variations in dreams could reflect the physiological and pathological basis of different viscera.
 The dysfunction of viscera.
 The qi of yin and yang in the human body becomes over strong or over weak.
 The state of the body itself.
 Inappropriate treatment.
About the mechanism of dream formation, the book uses these four theories to analyze it: Yin Yang theory, Five-element theory, viscera picture theory and Ying Wei theory.

=== The Interpretation of Dreams ===
The Interpretation of Dreams is a psychological work by Sigmund Freud, a psychologist from Austria and the founder of psychoanalysis. He interprets dreams by many experiments with a rational thinking, and pioneers modern dream interpretation.
In this book, “Freud argues that dreams contain meaningful information about the dreamer’s unfulfilled, unconscious wishes.” (William J. Jenkins 2017, 10) That is to say that in Freud’s perspective, dream represents a wish-fulfilment. And he also uses an example to explain it: “If, in the evening, I eat anchovies, olives, or other strongly salted foods, I am thirsty at night, and therefore I wake. The waking, however, is preceded by a dream, which has always the same content, namely, that I am drinking.” And he draws a conclusion on it: “From this sensation arises the wish to drink, and the dream shows me this wish as fulfilled.” (Sigmund Freud 1999, 25-26)
Therefore, Freud mainly uses psychoanalysis to interpret dreams, which is quite different from Chinese dream interpretation methods. And what is the most different point is that he uses sex to interpret dreams from a perspective of a psychologist, so he presents the famous Oedipus complex and Electra complex in this book.

=== References ===
 Freud, Sigmund. (1999). The Interpretation of Dreams. New York: Oxford University Press.
 Jenkins, W. J. (2017). An Analysis of Sigmund Freud’s The Interpretation of Dreams. London: Macat Library.
 Ong, R. K. (1981). The interpretation of dreams in ancient China. Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
 Tnag Yezhou 汤叶舟. (2015). 以《周公解梦》和《梦的解析》为例研究中西方释梦差异性. [Taking the book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams and The Interpretation of Dreams as examples to study the differences between Chinese and Western dream interpretation.] 文化学刊 Culture Journal, (11):84-86.
 Wang Fengxiang 王凤香. (2007). 黄帝内经梦象研究 [A Study on the dream image of Huangdi Neijing]. 北京中医药大学 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 2007.
 Wang Jian 王健. (2012). 中西方释梦的差异—以《周公解梦》和《梦的解析》为例 [Differences between Chinese and Western Dream Interpretation—A Case study of the book Duke of Zhou Interpreting Dreams and The Interpretation of Dreams]. 北方文学(下半月) Northern Literature, (09):217-218.
 Yun Peiji 贠培基. (2012). 以陈明主编的《周公解梦》为例剖析花样繁多的现代版周公解梦 [Taking Chen Ming's The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams as an example, the modern version of the book Duke of Zhou interprets dreams with various patterns]. 科学与无神论 Science and Atheism, (03):46-49.
 Zhai Shuangqing, Chen Zijie 翟双庆, 陈子杰. (2008). 有关《黄帝内经》梦学理论的总结 [A summary of the dream theory in Huangdi Neijing]. 中华中医药学会第九届内经学术研讨会论文集 Proceedings of the 9th Seminar on Neijing of Chinese Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2008:141-147.

=== Terms and Expressions ===
The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams 《周公解梦》
Zhouli Chunguan 《周礼春官》
Huangdi Neijing 《黄帝内经》
The Interpretation of Dreams 《梦的解析》
TCM 中医
Oneirology 梦学
Yin and Yang 阴阳
Liu Yin Xie Qi 六淫邪气
Qiqing 七情

=== Questions ===
1. How many methods of interpreting dreams in the book Duke of Zhou interprets dreams?
A. One B. Two C. Five D. Four
2. Huangdi Neijing is a __________________.
A. Medical book B. Mystery novel C. short novel D. story book
3. The Interpretation of dreams is written by ___________.
A. Jung Carl Gustav B. Sigmund Freud C. The Duke of Zhou D. Alfred Adler
4. How many kinds of dreams in Zhouli Chunguan?
A. Seven B. Five C. Four D. Six
5. Freud interprets dreams by _____________.
A. Asking for the God B. Psychoanalysis C. the position of the moon and stars D. physical condition

=== Answers ===
Correct answers are:
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. B

==202270081693 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin 英语口译(English interpretation)==

Topic: Translation strategies of English animal idioms

Abstract: Idioms are an indispensable part of language, which is the crystallization of languages, carrying a lot of cultural factors and concentrating in the culture factors, with plenty of idiomatic expression. Throughout the history, animals plays an important role in our life, bringing joys and company to us and become part of family. Therefore, especially in western cultures, there are many English animal idioms, which containing specific cultural meanings. People use different animals to express their feelings and ideas. This paper will first analyze the definition of English animal idioms. Also, the author will talks about some English idioms with classified animals. What’s more, the author will provide some translation strategies in translating those animal idioms.

==202270081645 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 英语笔译(English translation)==
==The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China==
<center>刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 202270081645</center>
===Abstract===
The Imperial examination is a system in which feudal dynasties selected officials and talents through examinations. The Imperial Examination System had a profound impact on ancient China. Therefore, it is very necessary and significant to understand and study the Imperial Examination System. This paper will introduce the origin and development of the Imperial Examination System, describe the types and contents of it in detail, and finally, expound its significance.
===Key Words===
The Imperial examination system, ancient China, history, culture
===题目===
中国古代的科举制度
===摘要===
科举考试是封建王朝通过考试选拔官员和人才的制度。科举制度对中国古代产生了深远的影响。因此，了解和研究科举制度是非常必要和有意义的。本文将介绍科举制度的起源和发展，详细描述科举制度的类型和内容，最后阐述科举制度的意义。
===Introduction===
===Origin===
During the Wei, Jin dynasties, the emperor adopted the method of "Nine-rank system" to select talents. However, the system was controlled by powerful families, and only the children of senior officials could be officials, which led to the solidification of the class and the inability to appoint people on the basis of capability. Whereas, in order to consolidate their rule, the rulers also gradually changed their talent selection. Some contents of the imperial examination had already sprout in the Han Dynasty, but this paper still considers the Sui Dynasty as the real origin. The book ''Datang Xinyu'' wrote by Liu Su said:" Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty changed the Ming and Jin two subjects"(周奇金滢坤, 2022). It was the Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty who changed the examination to regular, held every year, further carried forward, and finally became a clear beginning of the system.
Emperor Yang Jian of Sui dynasty understood the danger of being subject to the high rank and nobility, abolishing the "Nine-rank system". He carried out the system of selecting scholars by subject, and set up state and county schools to test students, and the state could also send talents to the central government for examination and employment. Emperor Yang set up Jinshi Branch, the school students can directly apply for the school, not to the state, county entrance examination, after passing the state, county sent to the central examination(李亚彬, 2020). Sui Dynasty broke through the old rules of the previous dynasties and created a considerable number of new subjects, which started the system of the Tang Dynasty. The standard of selecting talents gradually changed from morality to examination.
===Development===
However, Sui dynasty lasted only thirty-seven years, which meant that the imperial examination system had been introduced in the Sui dynasty but could not be further developed. Therefore, the important task was carried out by the rulers of the Tang dynasty. Tang dynasty attached great importance to the cultivation and selection of talents. After the founding of the Tang dynasty, several generations of rulers put the emphasis on to the imperial examination and took relevant measures. The first emperor of Tang Gaozu Li Yuan put forward the regular date of“every october”to go to the court for examination, and clarified the local pre-examination of the state and county, which is equivalent to the "Provincial Examination" method of later generations. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, greatly expanded the scale of the college, the school cottages and increased the number of students. Wu Zetian set up a military examination. It held by the Ministry of War examiners, mainly to assess students 'military strength. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, poetry and Fu became the main examination content of Jinshi. Also, during his reign, the court admitted many talented people. The method of selecting scholars by poetry and Fu also greatly promoted the prosperity of Tang poetry(王一汕, 2010).
Song Dynasty was also an important period for the development and reform of the imperial examination system. After the development of Tang Dynasty, the imperial examination system of Song Dynasty became mature and complete(邓叶倩, 2019). For one thing, in terms of the form, in Song dynasty, the emperor's personal visit to the palace examination turned into a custom. At the same time, reform measures such as sealing and transcription were taken. Sealing(Mi Feng), that is, the examinee's name, native place and other records on the examination paper sealed up. Transcription is that the palace examination papers will be sent to copy by other people, and then examine the official review. These measures greatly increased the fairness of the examniation, so that more talented and learned people can enter the officialdom, and these reforms even had a profound impact on the modern examination system. However, these measures required a large amount of manpower and material resources, so by the reign of Emperor Yingzong of the Song dynasty, the imperial examination was officially held every three years. For another, as for the content, Song dynasty strengthened the status and importance of Ce Lun in the imperial examination. With the rise of Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty, the ability of thinking also became an important standard for assessment. In the Song Dynasty, the emperors abolished the examination of poetry and Fu, and replaced it with the examination of the meaning, theory and policy of the classics.
Since then, the basic form and content of the imperial examination system tend to be complete. The imperial examination was held every three years, mainly divided into the provincial examination, the metropolitan examination and the palace examination. In the autumn, the provincial examination was held by each state, The first name is Jieyuan. The metropolitan examination was held in the spring of the following year by the Ministry of Rites, the first name will be called Huiyuan. The palace examination was held in the following month and presided over by the emperor. The first name was Zhuangyuan. Getting the first place three times in a row is known as the "the three consecutive Yuan(Lian Zhong San Yuan)", and ancient China has also appeared such talents. Through the layer upon layer selection at district, provincial and national levels, outstanding talents are called “jinshi”. Such elites obtained qualifications to enter the final examination hosted by the emperor, and were conferred different ranks official positions according to their performance. Because of this, the imperial examination system (keju) had become the main way for all civilians to start their official careers (Ho, 1962).
===Completion===
The Yuan dynasty saw an eighty-year suspension of the imperial examinations, which were later restored, but with increasing inequality, mainly to protect the privileges of the Mongols and reduce the number of Han officials. This phenomenon did not change until the establishment of the Ming Dynasty. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the period when the imperial examination system was flourishing, but it was also the period when it was ending.
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the imperial power gradually reached its peak. In order to consolidate the imperial power, the rulers took the imperial examination system as the most important tool to absorb talents. The social atmosphere gradually changed, and many scholars took the imperial examination as their lifelong goal, and "To be a scholar is to be the top of society." became the motto of most scholars at that time.
With the increasing importance of the imperial examination, the emperors carried out a series of reforms on it. First, the imperial examinations in the Ming and Qing dynasties became a huge system with various levels, rules and regulations. In addition to the above-mentioned several types of examinations, there are new types of examinations: the imperial examinations to admit scholars and county examination(Barry O’Sullivan, 2022), a total of five types of examinations. As a result, many people began to study hard for the imperial examination from a very young age, devoting their whole lives to the imperial examination system. The minimum age for the examination was greatly lowered during this period.
In terms of examination content. To further strengthen their rule and control over the people's thoughts, the rulers of the Qing dynasty limited the imperial examinations to stereotyped writing(bagu). The stereotyped writing(bagu) are that the paragraphs written in the examination articles are fixed, and the scope of the examination is also set and limited to the Four Books and Five Classics, and no other ideas are allowed to exist. Under the implementation of this kind of policy, the stereotyped writing fettered the scholar's thought, and the theory of Chengs and Zhu Xi became rigid under the guidance of the imperial examination system. Scholars have spent their whole lives studying the writing of stereotyped writing, lacking understanding of politics and social reality. Intellectuals 'thinking is solidified and they weren’t able to think out of box. Gu Yanwu, the great mind in late Ming dynasty, once said: "The harm of stereotyped writing is equivalent to burning books." From the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the advantages of selecting scholars from stereotyped writing increasingly decreased and the disadvantages gradually increased, which became one of the important factors for the stagnation of national development and the decline of national strength in the late Qing Dynasty.
===End===
In the late Qing Dynasty, due to foreign aggression, China continued to cede territory and pay reparations, and popular discontent ran high. The Qing Dynasty was in serious crisis and emperors wanted to consolidate the rule through reform. Meanwhile, the westernization movement continued to develop, and many western thoughts and ideas spread to China as well(徐云, 2022). Therefore, in order to meet requirements of national development, the content of the imperial examination was constantly adjusted, and the stereotyped writing was gradually abolished. However, the disadvantages of the imperial examination system had been irreversible detrimental and could not become beneficial through reform. Thus, The imperial examination system, frst administered in 605 CE during the Sui dynasty, continued almost uninterrupted until it was finally abandoned in 1905 CE(Barry O’Sullivan, 2022). At this point, the imperial examination system completely withdrew from the stage of history.
===Conclusion===
As a culture formed by the evolution and development of the Chinese civilization for five thousand years, the traditional Chinese culture reflects the characteristics and features of the Chinese nation. As one of the basic components and core elements of traditional Chinese culture, the imperial examination system not only has a significant impact on the history of nearly 1,300 years, but also plays an important role in modern Chinese culture and civil servant examination system.
The 1300 years' imperial examination tradition of selecting officials has given the Chinese nation legitimate reasons and cultural confidence to adhere to the system of selecting talents by examination, but on the basis of adhering to the system, we should carefully study the history and cultural connotation of the imperial examination system, timely update the content standard of selecting talents, so as to provide more profound cultural capital for the great rejuvenation of the contemporary Chinese nation.

===Reference===
[1]O’ Sullivan, Barry, and Liying Cheng. "Lessons from the Chinese imperial examination system." Language Testing in Asia 12.1 (2022): 1-20.
[2]Ho, P., 1962. The Ladder of Success in Imperial China: Aspects of Social Mobility. Columbia University Press.
[3]周奇[Zhou Qi], 金滢坤[Jin Yingkun]."论隋代察举制向科举制的转变."[The transformation from investigation examination system to Imperial Examination System in Sui Dynasty] 人文杂志[''Humanities journal''] .05(2022):129-140.
[4]李亚彬[Li Yabin]."问史——科举制何以终结门阀士族."[A Question of History - Why the Imperial examination system ended the royal families]. 博览群书[''Well Read''] .06(2020):37-41.
[5]王一汕[Wang Yishan]."唐朝科举制与文化繁荣."[The Imperial Examination and cultural Prosperity in Tang Dynasty] 历史学习[''History Learning''] .03(2010):19-20.
[6]邓叶倩[Deng Yeqian]."论中国古代科举制度及其影响." [The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China and its Influence.]汉字文化[''Chinese Character Culture''].14(2019):66+79.
[7]徐云[Xu Yun]."科举制度废除：过程、原因及影响探讨."[The abolition of the Imperial Examination System: A probe into the Process, Causes and Effects.] 今古文创[''Modern and Ancient Literary Creation''] .43(2022):64-66.
===Reference===
The Imperial Examination System 科举制度
Nine-rank system 九品中正制
Datang Xinyu 《大唐新语》
Jinshi 进士
Provincial Examination 乡试
Wu Zetian 武则天
Ministry of War 兵部
Sealing and transcription 弥封和誊录
Neo-Confucianism 儒家理学
Metropolitan examination 会试
Palace examination 殿试
Ministry of Rites 礼部
The three consecutive Yuan (Lian Zhong San Yuan) 连中三元
To be a scholar is to be the top of society 万般皆下品，惟有读书高
the imperial examinations to admit scholars 童试
county examination 院试
stereotyped writing 八股文
The harm of stereotyped writing is equivalent to burning books. 八股之害，甚于焚书
===Questions===
1.When was the imperial examination system abolished？
A.1905 B.1907 C.1904 D.1908
2.What are the types of imperial examinations in Ming and Qing Dynasties?
A.the imperial examinations to admit scholars B.county examination C.provincial examination D.metropolitan examination E.palace examination.
3.What are the reasons for the abolition of stereotyped writing?
===Questions===
Correct answers are：
1.A
2.ABCDE
3. (1) Foreign invasion and compensation caused the Qing Dynasty to fall into crisis. (2) When western ideas were introduced into China, the stereotyped writing was already backward and could not meet the needs of national development. (3) The Qing government's policy was weak and the reform on keju was useless.

==202270081694 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing 英语口译(English interpretation)==
刘雨晴Liu Yuqing, 202270081694

== '''Abstract''' ==

Chinese people attach great importance to family, which makes family an important part of Chinese culture. The traditional family structure in China mainly consists of Joint Family, stem family, and nuclear family. However, along with the profound changes that have occurred in modern China, the Chinese family structure is also changing, with the nuclear family gradually becoming the dominant family structure and marriage becoming more liberal and the divorce rate increasing. At the same time, there is a growing trend toward gender equality in family relations. Of course, the reasons behind the changes in family structure cannot be separated from the development of society, policy changes, transition in social ideology and even the influence of globalization. In turn, the transition in family structure also has an impact on education and social and economic development.

== '''Key Words''' ==

family structure;changes; nuclear family

== '''题目''' ==

中国传统家庭结构的变化

== '''摘要''' ==

中国人非常重视家庭，家庭是中国文化的重要组成部分。中国的传统家庭结构主要包括联合家庭、直系家庭、核心家庭。然而，伴随着现代中国发生的深刻变化，中国的家庭结构也在发生变化，核心家庭逐渐成为家庭结构的主导，婚姻变得更加自由，离婚率不断上升。同时，家庭关系中的性别平等趋势也越来越明显。当然，家庭结构变化背后的原因离不开社会的发展、政策的变化、社会意识形态的转型，甚至全球化的影响。反过来，家庭结构的转型也会对教育和社会经济发展产生影响。

== '''关键词''' ==

家庭结构；变化；核心家庭；

'''I. The main types of traditional Chinese family structures'''

1.Joint Family
A joint family is usually a large undivided family where members of more than two generation live together under one roof (grandparents, parents, uncles, aunts, their children or even grandchildren). This kind of family is large in size and is usually headed by the eldest member of the family. The responsibility of making decisions rests with the head of the family, although family members can give suggestions. After marriage, the children also live in the same house along with other family members. This family structure was common among wealthy families in ancient China. For example, the family structure in the Dream of the Red Chamber is a typical joint family.
2. Stem family
A stem family consists of parents and one married child, his or her spouse and offspring. It has three generations (or even four), but each generation has at most one couple. It is also known as a medium-sized family. For example, in a stem family, there are grandparents, parents and children, but it does not include uncles and aunts. In terms of size, it is smaller than a joint family while bigger than a nuclear family.
3. Nuclear family
Nuclear family refers to the core members of a family, usually two parents and their children. Children are included only while they’re young enough to live with their parents. This family unit became widely recognized because it’s where many of society’s rules and norms are passed along from parent to child. Sociologists see the concept of a nuclear family as a fundamental building block of society.

'''II. Characteristics of traditional family structure'''

According to the records, in the mid to late 18th century of China, the proportion of nuclear family was over 50%, stem family about 30% and joint family less than 10%. This indicates that nuclear family had become the dominant family form in the society at that time. And the following are the main features within the traditional family structure:
1. Men are Superior to Women and husband guides wife .This feature constitutes the basic structure of the traditional family. As Fei Xiaotong said, the core of a tradition family relationship is the parent-child relationship while the relationship between husband and wife is unimportant.
2. The eldest son has equal inheritance rights with the other brothers. The family became smaller and smaller. Finally, it stayed in the model of a nuclear family. The daughter has no right to inherit, but has the right to get a dowry. The so-called wealth only within three generations is the embodiment of this inheritance system of dividing family assets and the reason why there are few large families in China.
3. Marriage is decided by parents
Children have no marital autonomy. Marriage is often decided by parents. The daughter may have never had any contacts with the husband's family before marrying him, and the wife should be subordinate to her husband.
4. The traditional family has mixed functions, including economic, nurturing, support, affection, support, etc.

'''III. The transition of family structure from traditional to modern.'''

Since the reform and opening up, social resources have been relatively abundant and every aspect of the family has changed dramatically.
1. The family is becoming more nuclearized. Since many of the functions of the family, such as production, education, and support of elders, have been replaced by society. Society has built a large number of nursery schools and nursing homes, it is not necessary to maintain a large family size to perform these functions.
2. Some other types of family structures have emerged. These are: single person families, cohabiting families and even some homosexual cohabiting families.
3. Marriage tends to be autonomous and divorce rate increases. In contemporary times, divorce has also become common, the way of divorce has become more civilized, and more and more divorces are initiated by the wife. In addition, remarriage in old age has been widely accepted by the society, and there is a new trend of the younger generation matching and organizing weddings for their parents.
4. Increasing trend of gender equality in family relations. In today's families, the traditional patriarchy is disappearing and the concept of male superiority over female has been fundamentally changed. There is a tendency for family members to discuss with each other, to make democratic decisions, and to be democratic and egalitarian.

'''IV. Causes behind the changes in family structure'''

1. The One-Child policy has had a huge impact on the structure and size of families in China.
In the late 1970s, The One-Child policy was introduced in China as a national policy. This policy has had a decisive effect on the structure and size of families in China, promoting the trend of the nuclear family. Since the main purpose of the One-Child policy was to reduce the birth rate of each family. Only one child is allowed in urban families and no more than two in rural families (except for ethnic minority areas) and the government was promoting the concept of equality between men and women. A large number of “the only child” are born in cities. In addition, most young married couples live apart from their parents after marriage, thus more and more nuclear families have emerged. The number of empty nest families has also increased.
2. With the development of economy, many responsibilities of the family were assumed by the society, thus nuclear family became more dominating. The tradition family assumed responsibilities such as nurturing children, support the elders and production. But in modern times, economic development has also promoted the division of labor and the development of the social welfare system, and various institutions have emerged in society to help assume some of the family obligations. For example, nursing homes can help take care of the elders, and nurseries or schools can help care for the children. In this way, the adult workforce in the family can devote more energy to their work. In addition, since older couples have pensions and retirement funds after retirement, they can live without relying on their children after retirement, and they prefer to live separately from their children to avoid the tension that may arise between the two generations of couples.
3. The influence of globalization on the family concept in China since the reform and opening up.
Since the opening up, western ideas have come into China, and the younger generation has been increasingly influenced by western family concepts. The emphasis on self-independence in the Western family concept has a great influence on young people. For example, premarital cohabitation, trial marriage, free love, celibacy, gender equality and so on. These concepts have caused an unprecedented impact on the traditional family concept in China. A lot of media reports about western families flooded into our lives, which also had an important impact on our young generation.

'''V. Influences follow the changes'''

1. Impact of changing family structure on family education
The size of the family has shrunk and parents have become more concerned with their children's development. Children are seen as an individual with a sense of independence, personality and individuality, and the goal of parents in raising their children shifted from “glorifying their ancestors” to achieving the all-round development of the child, freedom of personality and perfection of character.
2. The impact of changes in family structure on the economy
As the basic consumption unit of society, the family not only creates new social demand, but also influences social supply. As the population grows and the joint family gradually divides, many new families are created. The rapid increase in the number of households inevitably leads to a simultaneous increase in the demand for many goods, such as housing and furnishings, matching kitchen and sanitary equipment, high-end durable household appliances, furniture sets, cars and household services. In addition, smaller families have more needs for enjoyment and development, higher expectations for their children, and relatively higher expenditures for their children's education and training; With the number of elderly families, especially empty nesters t, continues to increase, there will be a significant increase in elderly living goods and facilities to serve the elderly. These changes in demand structure provide an important basis for corresponding adjustments in the supply structure.

== '''References''' ==
[1] 王跃生，当代中国家庭结构变动分析[J].中国社会科学，2006（01）
[2] 王跃生，中国家庭结构变动与特征[J].人口与计划生育，2017（09）
[3] 胡亮，由传统到现代---中国家庭结构变迁特点及原因分析[J].西北人口，2004（2）
[4] 童辉杰，黄成毅，当代中国家庭结构的变迁及其社会影响[J].西北人口，2015（06）
[5]吴愈晓，王鹏，杜思佳，变迁中的中国家庭结构与青少年发展，中国社会科学，2018（2）

== '''Questions''' ==

1. What are the main types of traditional Chinese family structures? A. Stem family B. Joint family C.nuclear famliy D.composite family
2. When was the One-Child policy was introduced in China? A.In the late 1970s B.In the early 1970s C . In the late 1980s D. In the early 1980s.
3. Which type of family structures are realistically depicted in Dream of the Red Chamber? A. Stem family B. Joint family C.nuclear famliy D.composite family
4. Which types of family structure is the dominating one nowadays?A. Nuclear family B. Joint family C.Single-parent famliy D.Stem family

== '''Answers''' ==

1. A,B,C 2. A 3.B 4. A

=202270081710 鲁思 Lu Si 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=
==Evolution and Characteristics of Ancient Currency in China==
<center>鲁思Lu Si，202270081710</center>
===Abstract===
Currency is the cultural essence of the development of civilizations of all nations for thousands of years, and is also the common material and spiritual wealth of mankind. China has been using money for 5,000 years. Due to the evolution of history, nearly tens of thousands of currencies (banknotes and coins) and colorful Chinese currency culture have been created, and a system with its own unique style has been formed.
=== Key Words ===
Ancient Currency，Monetary Evolution，Characteristics of Money
=== Introduction ===
China is one of the earliest countries in the world to use currency, with a history of 5,000 years. In the process of its formation and development, ancient China currency has undergone six major evolutions

=== Evolution of Ancient Currency ===
1.Evolution from natural currency to artificial currency.
Shell is the earliest currency in China. It was used as currency in Shang Dynasty. In all the China characters were related to value are mostly from "shell." With the development of commodity exchange, the demand for money was increasing, and seashell could not meet people's demand. People began to imitate seashell with copper in Shang Dynasty.The appearance of copper coin is an important evolution from natural currency to artificial currency in the history of ancient currency in China. With the extensive use of artificial coins, seashells, a natural currency, gradually withdrew from the monetary stage of China.

2.Evolution from disordered shape to unified shape.
From the appearance of copper coins in Shang Dynasty to the Warring States Period, there were many shapes of currency in our country. During the Warring States Period, not only countries made their own money, but also all regions within a vassal country made their own money. It is famous for the spade-shaped coin of Zhao, the sword-shaped coin Qi, the round square hole coins of Qin and the Each within Zhu（commonly known ant nose money） of Chu各内朱俗称蚁鼻钱. After the Qin Dynasty unified China, also the currency. the First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty promulgated the earliest currency law in China in 210 B.C., which stipulated that ‘banliang’, at first called ring money and later ‘fang kong yuan qian’(Circular Coin with a Square Hole).After the unification of Qin, ‘banliang’ coin was spread around the whole country. The unification of currency ended the disorder state of different shapes and weights of ancient currency in China, and was an important evolution from disordered shape to standardized shape in the history of ancient currency in China. The shape of this round square hole, which was determined by Qin Banliang coin, continued until the early period of the Republic of China.

3.Evolution from local coinage to central coinage.
In the early days of the Han Dynasty, the county was allowed to freely cast money. According to the records of Han Shu·Monograph on Food and Currency , Emperor Wen "except for the order of stealing and casting money, the people let the casting go," so "stealing and casting rose like clouds." This not only caused the chaos of the currency, but also made the rich merchants manipulate the right to coin, rich than the emperor. In 118 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered new coins of five baht to be cast because banliang of coins were stolen and cast continuously, and allowed all prefectures to cast them, commonly known as "five baht of prefectures." In 113 B. C., Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took back the right of coining coins in the county state, and the three officials of Shanglin unified the coinage of five baht coins, which became the only legal currency at that time. From then on, the unified management of coin minting and issuing by the central government was determined, which was an important evolution from local coinage to central coinage in the history of ancient China currency. Since then, the coins of the past dynasties have been directly managed by the central government. The centralization of the coinage right played an important role in stabilizing the political situation and economic development of each dynasty.

4.From the weight of documents to the evolution of Tongbao（通宝） and Yuanbao（元宝）.
Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, coins usually have a clear indication of the weight of the money, such as "banliang,""wuzhu coin" and so on (twenty-four baht for one liang). In the fourth year of Emperor Gaozu 's reign (621), Li Yuan decided to reform the currency system, abolish the ancient coins of different weights, take the meaning of "opening up a new era," and uniformly cast "Kaiyuan Tongbao" coins. "Kaiyuan Tongbao" is an anti-Qin and Han Dynasty old system, money does not write weight, is China 's ancient currency from the weight of documents to Tongbao, Yuan Bao evolution. "Kaiyuan Tongbao" money is the earliest Tongbao money in China. Since then, China 's copper coins no longer use money to mark the weight, are to Tongbao, Yuanbao commensurate, it has been used until the Revolution of 1911 "Republic of China Tongbao."

5.The evolution of metal currency to paper money "Jiaozi."
In the Northern Song Dynasty, with the development of exchange, the amount of currency in circulation increased. When Taizong of the Northern Song Dynasty, the annual coin was 800,000 Guan, which gradually increased later. Because of the shortage of copper material for casting coins, the government made up for the shortage of copper coins by casting iron coins in large quantities in some areas. According to the records of Song History, the iron coins cast in Sichuan at that time always weighed 25 catties and eight liang. To buy a piece of silk in Sichuan, you have to pay 130 jin of iron money. Iron money is so heavy and inconvenient that the paper money "Jiaozi" printed by the Northern Song Dynasty came into being in Sichuan. Song Zhenzong, under the permission of the government, by Chengdu 16 rich households jointly operated. The appearance of "Jiaozi" is an important evolution from metal currency to paper currency in the ancient monetary history of our country. "Jiaozi" is not only the earliest paper money in China, but also the earliest paper money in the world.

6.Evolution from Manual Coining to Mechanized Paper Money.
In the late Qing Dynasty, with the gradual introduction of foreign advanced science and technology, Guangxu years began to buy coin-making machines abroad for making silver yuan and copper yuan. Later, Guangdong began to machine non-porous when ten copper dollars. As manufacturers made huge profits, provinces followed suit. The appearance of mechanism currency in the late Qing Dynasty is the evolution from manual coinage to mechanism currency in the ancient currency history of our country. From then on, not only the craft of casting money has undergone major changes, but also the circulation of more than 2,000 years of round square hole money died.

=== Characteristics of Ancient Currency ===
From the historical perspective, China's ancient monetary system has several characteristics.

1.The separation of monetary functions. In ancient China, gold and silver were used as a store of value, as a means of payment for international trade, and as a unit of account. But the medium of exchange in circulation is mainly borne by copper coins. Gold and silver coins have been minted in all generations, but they are more of a form of money, more of a position of luxury jewelry, used to hide wealth, used to give gifts, used to bribe, used as reserves. Copper coins were minted in large quantities as a means of payment. The nature of copper coin determines that its surface value is greater than the value of actual coinage materials, which is actually credit currency. Unfortunately, the seigniorage was hard to resist throughout the ages, and copper coins had a long history of inflation, with many instances of weight loss and devaluation. This also taught the common people that they would not use copper coins as a means of hiding wealth, but only as a means of circulation. According to the principle of "bad money drives out good money," they should spend what they have, leaving only gold and silver coins in their hands.

2.Currency casting and circulation are regional. In ancient China, coin casting was managed by different places. The sword coins of the pre-Qin Dynasty were cast by various cities, and the place names would be indicated on the coins. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, silver dollars were also cast and issued by various provinces, with place names on them. Not only is casting regional, but so is currency circulation. Of course, when the warlords were separated from each other, the Three Kingdoms era was definitely a regional currency circulation. Even in the period of political unification, the regionalism of currency circulation is still widespread. For example, in the Northern Song Dynasty, Jingdong, Jingxi 13 Road exercise copper coins; Chengdu and other four roads exercise iron money, Shaanxi, Hedong copper money, iron money both. Until liberation, the circulation of money throughout the country was not unified.

3.It has not paid attention to the innovation of monetary technology for a long time. The casting method is not advanced, resulting in uneven color and weight of currency. Although the process is exquisite, it has not formed an industrialized, expandable and large-scale banknote printing and coin-making project, so the quality of currency is very problematic.

=== References ===
 Chen Hui陈慧.(2022). 中国古代货币的演变与发展论析 [On the Evolution and Development of Ancient China Currency].产业与科技论坛 Industry and Technology Forum (09):60-61.

 Peng Xinwei 彭信威. (1965). 中国货币史 [The History of Chinese Currency]. Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Publishing House] 上海人民出版社.

 Liu Ruixuan, Wang Di刘芮瑄,王娣.(2020). 中国古代货币演变简述 [A Brief Introduction to the Evolution of Ancient Chinese Currency]. 科教文汇(上旬刊) Science and Education Collection (04):169-170.DOI:10.16871/j.cnki.kjwha.2020.04.072.

 Ma Tao, Song Dan马涛,宋丹.(2009). 论中国古代货币范畴的特点 [On the Characteristics of Currency Category in Ancient China]. 财经研究 Financial Research . (11):26-36.DOI:10.16538/j.cnki.jfe.2009.11.010.

 Tuo Tuo 脱脱. (1985). 宋史 [The History of Song Dynasty]. Peking: China Publishing House 中华书局.

 Yan Caiyun燕彩云.(2005). 中国古代货币的演变 [The Evolution of Ancient China Currency]. 中学历史教学 History Teaching in Middle School (07):51.

=== Terms and Expressions ===
spade-shaped coin 布币，铲币.
sword-shaped coin 刀币.
Ant nose money 蚁鼻钱.
Wuzhu Coin 五铢钱.
Han Shu·Monograph on Food and Currency 《汉书·食货志》.
History of the Song Dynasty 《宋史》.

=== Questions ===
1.The world's first paper money ()
A.spade-shaped coin B.Jiaozi C.Tongbao D.Wuzhu Coin

2.After the unification of the Qin Dynasty, the unified currency used throughout the country was ()
A.sword-shaped coin B.spade-shaped coin C.Fang kong yuan qian D.Wuzhu Coin

3. Which of the following are the characteristics of ancient China currency()
A.currency casting and circulation are regiona
B.distinguish one's status
C.the separation of monetary functions
D.it has not paid attention to the innovation of monetary technology for a long time

4."Kaiyuan Tongbao" money is the earliest Tongbao money in China. True or False（）
A.True B.False

=== Answers ===
Correct answers are:
1. B
2. C
3. ACD
4. A

==202270081711 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)==
==Chinese Imperial Harem Rivalry Drama==
<center>陆玉琴Lu Yuqin, 202270081711</center>.
===Abstract===
Chinese Imperial Harem Rivalry Dramas are dramas set in ancient China's feudal dynasties, with female characters such as harem concubines or female officials as the main subjects of the story, and with characters' emotional entanglements or political power struggles as the main plot lines.
===题目===
中国宫斗剧
===摘要===
宫斗剧是指以中国古代封建王朝为背景，将后宫嫔妃或女官等女性角色做为故事主体，以人物情感纠葛或政治权力倾轧为剧情主线的电视剧集。
===关键词===
imperial harem rivalry drama, feudal dynasties，female characters
===Introduction===
In ancient China, there was a well known saying to describe ancient emperor’s concubines which is “3,000 beauties live in the inner court”. Imperial harem rivalry drama uses " imperial harem " as the narrative space and " rivalry " as the narrative theme. (Wang Siqi 2020, 4) It focuses on entertainment and playful interpretation, and are somewhat different from historical dramas. In this kind of drama, the emperor’s concubines intrigued against each other for the emperor's favor and their power, which takes full advantage of the viewers' curiosity about the ancient court. Imperial harem rivalry dramas are loved by viewers for their tense, exciting and bizarre plots. ''War and Beauty'', which was broadcasted in 2004, established the art form of imperial harem rivalry dramas. In 2012, ''Empresses in the Palace'' pushed imperial harem rivalry dramas to the peak. Imperial harem rivalry dramas have taken an important place in the Chinese TV drama market.
===''Empresses in the Palace''===
''Empresses in the Palace'', written by Liu Lianzi and later directed by Zheng Xiaolong, is by far the most popular Chinese imperial harem rivalry drama. It tells a story about how an innocent young girl named Zhen Huan entered the Forbidden City and eventually defeated other concubines with her wits and schemes during the relentless palace fighting and ultimately became the Empress Dowager herself. (Mengyuan Yin & Honghong Zhou 2019, 83)

Zhen Huan was chosen for the Emperor Yong Zheng’s harem. After entering the palace, She was caught in the fierce infighting between the empress and the concubines. Zhen Huan gradually became a calculating woman in the harem. After helping emperor defeat Consort Hua, Zhen Huan was framed by empress, and she also learned that the emperor liked her only because she looked like her former lover, Empress Chunyuan, who was current empress’s elder sister and was killed by her. After giving birth to her daughter, Zhen Huan chose to leave the palace to have monastic life. Outside the palace, Zhen Huan was taken care of by Yunli, emperor’s younger brother. They fell in love and planed to go far away. However, when the fake news of the death of Yunli came, in order to save Yunli’s child growing in her belly and to rescue her seriously ill father, Zhen Huan designed to make emperor meet her and returned to the palace. She was able to evade the Empress's trap several times and eventually brought her down. However, the emperor detected Zhen Huan's affair with Yunli and ordered Zhen Huan to kill Yunli. Finally, Zhen Huan conspired with Ye Lanyi to commit regicide. Zhen Huan's adopted son ascended to the throne and Zhen Huan was honored as the Empress Dowager.
===''Story of Yanxi Palace''===
In the summer of 2018, the popularity of “Story of Yanxi Palace” directed by Yu Zheng rose sharply, becoming a leader in imperial harem rivalry dramas over the same period with a high range of influence and a high degree of discussion. (Han Mao,Jingru Liu & Zihan Qu 2021, 1) The TV series tells the story of Wei Yingluo, a palace maid, who, with her courage, quick wit, and broad mind, resolved the difficulties in the court and eventually became Consort Ling who helped Emperor Qian Long to realize “the times of prosperity”.

In order to seek the truth about her eldest sister's death, Wei Yingluo entered the Forbidden City as a palace maid. After an investigation, Yingluo confirmed that her sister's death was related to Hong Zhou, emperor’s brother, and is determined to get justice for her sister. The Empress Fucha was worried about Yingluo’s going astray and tried her best to give Yingluo warmth and help. Under the empress' careful tutelage, Yingluo became strong and upright, and put aside her grudges to live a serious life. The unfortunate death of the Empress makes Yingluo misunderstand Emperor Qianlong. The two went from mutual hostility to understanding and supporting each other. It was only before Yingluo's death that she informed Qianlong of Empress Fucha's deathbed entrustment that she hoped Yingluo accompany Qianlong and assist him to be a wise ruler. In the sixtieth year of the Qianlong era, the Qianlong emperor proclaimed Yong Yan, son of Yingluo, as the crown prince, while posthumously crowning the crown prince's mother Yingluo as Empress Xiao Yi. Yingluo finally used her whole life to fulfill her promise to Empress Fucha.
===Conclusion===
Compared to other costume dramas, imperial harem rivalry drama accomplishes a shift in narrative subject by deeply portraying female characters, with the theme of conflict shifting from the male, who had communicate power, to the female. Moreover, the main line of love in previous female dramas is diluted. The love between men and women is subjected to the main line of harem rivalry, and the love narrative is often used to highlight the image of female characters and as the reason for their character transformation. In addition, the portrayal of female characters in imperial harem rivalry drama has become more self-aware, and women are mostly no longer the appendages of men, but are equal to or even free from men, pursuing their own independence and having a sense of subjectivity.(Hu Ying 2021, 26)

In today's society, people need more pressure release and emotional catharsis, and imperial harem rivalry dramas meets their need.(Wang Maoru 2020, 178) In imperial harem rivalry drama, everyone viewer can find what they need: Academic success, the spread of information, survival in the workplace, power struggles, handsome men and beautiful women, etc.( Xiaoming LUO 2014, 178) This is the main reason of the success of imperial harem rivalry dramas.
===References===
王思齐.(2020).宫斗剧火爆的原因研判(硕士学位论文,海南大学).https://kns-cnki-net-443.webvpn.blcu.edu.cn/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD202101&filename=1020748194.nh

王茂入.(2020).《延禧攻略》对女性观众的心理满足分析. 卫星电视与宽带多媒体(05),178-179.

胡颖.(2021).清朝宫斗剧的类型化叙事研究(硕士学位论文,南京师范大学).https://kns-cnki-net-443.webvpn.blcu.edu.cn/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD202202&filename=1022405090.nh

Mengyuan Yin & Honghong Zhou.(2019).A Research on Mock Politeness —— A Case Study of the Legend of Zhen Huan..(eds.)Proceedings of the 5th Annual International Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development (SSCHD 2019)(pp.).Atlantis Press.

Han Mao,Jingru Liu & Zihan Qu.(2021).Chinese Traditional Aesthetics in Qing Palace Drama*-Take “Story of Yanxi Palace” as an example. E3S Web of Conferences. doi:10.1051/E3SCONF/202123605082.

Xiaoming LUO.(2014).The Impervious Zhen Huan. Frontiers of Literary Studies in China(3). doi:10.3868/s010-003-014-0026-1.
===Terms and Expressions===
imperial harem rivalry drama宫斗剧

War and Beauty金枝欲孽

Empresses in the Palace甄嬛传

Forbidden City紫禁城

Empress Dowager皇太后

Story of Yanxi Palace延禧攻略
===Questions===
1. When did the art form of imperial harem rivalry dramas establish?
A.2002 B.2003 C.2004 D. 2005

2. Which TV drama pushed imperial harem rivalry dramas to the peak?

A.War and Beauty B.Empresses in the Palace C.Story of Yanxi Palace D.Ruyi's Royal Love in the Palace

3. Compared to other costume dramas, What characteristics does imperial harem rivalry drama have?

A.A shift in narrative subject by deeply portraying female characters, with the theme of conflict shifting from the male, who had communicate power, to the female. B.The love between men and women is subjected to the main line of harem rivalry. C.The portrayal of female characters in imperial harem rivalry drama has become more self-aware D.All of above

4.What’s the main reason of the success of imperial harem rivalry dramas?

A. People need more pressure release and emotional catharsis, and imperial harem rivalry dramas meets their need. B.The clothes in imperial harem rivalry dramas are beautiful C.The actors of imperial harem rivalry dramas are famous.
===Answers===
Correct answers are:

1.C

2.B

3.D

4.A

==202270081705 马明宇 Ma Mingyu 日语笔译(Japanese translation)==
==The development of Chinese Animation==
<center>马明宇Ma Mingyu, 202270081705</center>
===Abstract===
Chinese animation started in the 1920s, inspired by French, German, Russian and mostly American productions. After decades of development, many excellent animations have been created, such as The Princess of Iron Fan, The Monkey King, Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother, Calabash Brothers and so on. Some of these have become household names and a symbol of Chinese culture.
===Key Words===
China, animation, development
===题目===
中国动画发展历程
===摘要===
中国动画起源于20世纪20年代,其灵感来自于法国、德国、俄罗斯和美国的大多数作品。经过几十年的发展，中国动画产业制造出许多优秀的动画作品，如《铁扇公主》、《大闹天宫》、《小蝌蚪找妈妈》、《葫芦兄弟》等等，其中一些作品已经家喻户晓，成为中国文化的一种象征。
===关键词===
中国，动画，发展
===I.The Enlightenment Period of Chinese Animation===
The period of germination and exploration of Chinese animation is 1922 to 1945. As early as 1918, American animation films landed on the Chinese mainland one after another with Shanghai as the center, which made the Chinese people in the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society at that time amazed by the strange animations. In the following 20 years, a group of people with lofty ideals represented by the Wan Brothers made great efforts to explore and learn with the goal of "creating Chinese own animations," becoming the founder of Chinese animations. In 1926, the Wan brothers created the Uproar in the Studio which had a great impact in the world. And in 1935, they made another great achievement by producing China 's first audio animation, The Camel Dance. Then, in 1941, under the influence of the American animation Snow White, the first large-scale animation of China, Princess Iron Fan, was produced, which was the fourth large-scale animation after the American animations Snow White, Lilliput and Pinocchio in the world film history, indicating that the animation level of China at that time was close to the leading level in the world. Unfortunately, the Chinese society was in turmoil at that time, and the new thing of animation did not spread to the mainland of the motherland, but could only be seen in big cities like Shanghai. Therefore, it was impossible for Chinese animation to form an industrialized development in that era. It was just a "novelty" at the time. With the outbreak of the Pacific War, the Wan brothers were forced to interrupt the animation creation, Chinese animation of the Enlightenment period has been rushed to an end. (Li Junda, 2012,5,100; Qu Huili, and Su Jianing, 2008,182; Wen Ting Fang, Po- Hsien Lin, and Rungtai Lin, 2017, 27)

===II.The Growth Period of Chinese Animation===
The growth of Chinese animation has experienced two periods of stable development and initial prosperity.
From 1946 to 1965, it was the stable development period of Chinese animation. On October 1, 1949, the People's Republic of China declared its establishment. Before this, the puppet animation "The Emperor Dream" and "Go after an easy prey" produced by the Northeast Film Studio laid the foundation for the development of animation after the founding of the People's Republic of China. After a period of time, Chinese animation industry has been considerable development. During the period from 1950 to 1956, Chinese animations mostly used the content of fairy tales in terms of subject matter; in terms of style, they incorporated national characteristics; in terms of technology, they changed from black and white films to color films. There was an initial prosperity of Chinese animation from 1957 to 1965. In 1957, the establishment of Shanghai Animation Film Studio made China the first professional factory to independently produce art films, and Chinese animation entered a prosperous period of development. At this time, the animation has reached an unprecedented level in art and technical quality. Many animations have won awards in international film festivals, such as the classic blockbuster "The Monkey King," which has made the Chinese people proud. At that time, Tezuka Osamu, revered as the "God of Japanese Manga", made a special trip to Shanghai Animation Film Studio to learn from Wan Laiming, the "father of Chinese animation". Chinese animation has formed a school of Chinese animation recognized by the world. During this period, China's animation paper-cut, origami, ink and other colorful forms of creation. In particular, ink animation was a must at that time. In July 1961, Shanghai Animation Film Studio successfully produced China's first ink animation "Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother," which declared the success of the first Chinese ink animation. This production technology won the first prize of scientific and technological achievements of the Ministry of Culture and the second prize of National Scientific and Technological Invention Award. It can be seen that there were not only many works of Chinese animations at that time, but also a lot of high-quality animations.(Li Junda, 2012,5,101; Feng Guiyun, 2021, 1)

===III.The Period of Stagnation and Recovery of Chinese Animation===
From 1966 to 1976, China experienced the unprecedented "the Cultural Revolution." This period can be called the "Ice Age" in the history of China's animation development. In 1967, 1969, 1970 and 1971, all animation manufacturers in the country "stopped production and started a revolution."
Since the end of 1978, China has entered a new period of Reform and Opening-up. In the first ten years, a number of new animation production departments emerged, which changed the situation that Shanghai Animation Film Studio stood out. A total of 219 animations were produced nationwide, producing a number of excellent and beautiful films representing the highest level of Chinese animation, such as Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King, The Legend of Sealed Book and so on. At the same time, it also produced TV animations and animation series for the first time, such as Calabash Brothers, Dirty King Adventure, Black cat Sheriff, The story of any lift and so on. Because of the wider subject matter, profound content, sharp allegory and derogatory criticism of the current malpractices, the social influence and international reputation of animation in this period also jumped greatly and won extensive praise. In the decade after the 1990s, Chinese animation continued the fruits of its recovery. Although this period has Lotus Lantern, Shuke and Beita, Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat, The big head son and little head father, Haier Brothers and other excellent works, but not much innovation in style. Chinese animation has embarked on an alternative path of "animation is what children watch".(Li Junda, 2012,5,101; Rolf Giesen，2014, 89)

===References===
1. 曲慧丽,and 宿佳宁."浅谈中国动漫的历史与发展." 今日科苑 .24(2008):182.

2. 李俊达."试论中国动漫产业的发展." 中共青岛市委党校.青岛行政学院学报 .05(2012):100-104.

3. Wen Ting Fang, Po-Hsien Lin & Rungtai Lin, Western vs. Eastern: A Reflective Research on the Development of Chinese Animation, Graduate School of Creative Industry Design, National Taiwan University of Arts, New Taipei City, Taiwan, 2017, 25-36

4. Feng Guiyun, The history of Chinese animation, from groundbreaking "Havoc in Heaven" to crappy-looking "Kung Fu Mulan", Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, 2021

5. Rolf Giesen，Chinese Animation, A History and Filmography, 1922-2012, Jefferson： McFarland, 2014

===Terms and Expressions===
Uproar in the Studio 《大闹画室》

The Camel Dance 《骆驼献舞》

Princess Iron Fan 《铁扇公主》

The Emperor Dream 《皇帝梦》

Go after an easy prey 《瓮中捉鳖》

The Monkey King 《大闹天宫》

Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother 《小蝌蚪找妈妈》

Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King 《哪吒闹海》

The Legend of Sealed Book 《天书奇谭》

Calabash Brothers 《葫芦兄弟》

Dirty King Adventure 《邋遢大王历险记》

Black cat Sheriff 《黑猫警长》

The story of any lift 《阿凡提的故事》

Lotus Lantern 《宝莲灯》

Shuke and Beita 《舒克和贝塔》

Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat 《蓝皮鼠与大脸猫》

The big head son and little head father 《大头儿子和小头爸爸》

Haier Brothers 《海尔兄弟》

===Questions===
1. What was the first large-scale animation in China, which indicated that China's animation level at that time was close to the world's leading level?

A Uproar in the Studio B The Camel Dance C Princess Iron Fan D The Emperor Dream

2. In the 1960s, there was a world-renowned classic animation blockbuster in China. What is it?

A The Monkey King B Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother C Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King D The Legend of Sealed Book

3. Which of the following animations indicate that Chinese animation has embarked on an alternative path of "animation is what children watch"?

A Shuke and Beita B Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat C The big head son and little head father D Haier Brothers

===Answers===
Correct answers are:

1. C

2. A

3. ABCD

==202270081646 彭琦 Peng Qi 英语笔译(English translation)==

==Impact of Chinglish on standard English==
<center>彭琦Peng Qi,202270081646</center>
===Abstract===
English is one of the major common languages in the world. With the development of economic globalization, more and more people are learning and using English for communication, and in this process, Chinese English has gradually emerged, which has led to many ludicrous incidents in the process of foreign communication in China. This paper discusses the concept of Chinglish, its causes, and its impact on standard English, and also analyses measures to reduce the emergence of Chinglish in order to provide a reference for English learners.
===Key Words===
Chinglish, Impact, Standard English

===Introduction===
With the development of the times, English has become one of the ways of communication in the world, and learning English has become one of the compulsory courses in China. However, many people, in the process of learning English, will have the problem of Chinglish due to the influence of the Chinese language, which affects their subsequent English learning. what's more important is that it lays a great impact on today's standard English in its development.

===Cause of Chinglish===
Chinese English is the English of Chinese learners who, in the process of learning and using English, are disturbed by their mother tongue, their culture and their communicative habits, as well as their limited English proficiency, and have to combine English phrases according to their own subjective imagination, thus appearing in English that does not conform to the standard English expressions or communicative style. The degree of error also depends on the level of English learners and the difficulty of the communicative content. This phenomenon has been studied in the past and the theory of negative transfer of language and culture has been used to explain the reasons for the production of Chinglish. First of all, it is due to the interference of native language habits. The second is the clamping down of Chinese communication styles, behavioural habits, ways of thinking and social codes of conduct; the third is that the learners' English is so poor that they have to make up random English sentences to express themselves. If we look at this issue from multiple perspectives, we may have a better understanding of it.1. Chinese English is not a standardized language system that learners seek, but a linguistic error in learning English. 2. The errors in Chinese English vary from person to person, depending on the depth of content, and can be changed through learning and self-reflection. From a certain point of view, Chinese English is a transition from Chinese to standard English, often playing the role of an interlanguage.3. Many errors are caused by a poor command of English and learners generally adopt English words, Chinese idioms and grammar in a haphazard manner.As they improve their English, these phenomena will be greatly reduced.4. Because of their unfamiliarity with Western means of communication, Chinese people often make communicative mistakes in their foreign interactions. For example, they speak in an "indecent manner" (Chinese is decent, but the direct translation into English is indecent), and their speech and behaviour are often impulsive.5. As Chinese English is mainly a kind of language disorder of English learners, this kind of language error will gradually decrease as the learners' English level improves. Therefore, Chinese English is a trial-and-error phenomenon in the learning process of Chinese people learning English, and it can be corrected and improved.

===Linguistic Impact on standard English===
There are major differences between Chinese and English. As a non-formal form of language, Chinese vocabulary is mainly monosyllabic and diphthongic, and the grammatical components of Chinese expressions cannot be expressed in accordance with morphological transformations, which is different from the regularisation of English. As a product of the fusion of the two languages, Chinglish has the linguistic characteristics of Chinese, and its vivid and indirect expressions sometimes can better express emotions. English is an open and inclusive language, and in the context of economic globalisation, the absorption and borrowing of Chinese by English has become an inevitable trend. Chinese English expressions need to be tested over a long period of time and by users in practice, so that they can be accepted as having a positive impact on the development of the vocabulary and expressions of modern English, and that the positive impact will become more pronounced as time goes on. The emergence and development of Chinese-English will contribute significantly to the acceptance of Modern English and will increase the enthusiasm of users as they will not need to follow excessive rules in their practice. At the same time, the emergence of a Chinese-English vocabulary will enrich the vocabulary of modern languages and contribute to the internationalisation of modern English.

===Cultural Impact on today's English===
The further rise of Chinese English on the agenda has to do with the large number of foreigners coming to China to work, live and travel. The most influential Chinese English is that found on signs in public places and on restaurant menus, most of which have been photographed by foreigners on the internet and appear in pictures with text in their thousands. For example, "Please take good personal luggage" is written as "Please take good personal luggage" and "First under after on, take a civilised ride" as "First under after on, take a civilised ride". First under after on,take riding with civility". The English translations of the bilingual signs in many metro stations, tourist attractions, restaurants and other public places were initially only for the sake of completeness, and some of them were just taken from dictionaries or turned out with software like Google Translate, and not many people noticed them. Surprisingly, most foreigners don't hate Chinese English, and quite a few genuinely enjoy it. Perhaps due to the encouragement of their foreign friends, for some time now many Chinese have started to create their own English words and sentences in their own way, such as Smilence, a 'self-created compound word' like Brangelina (the joint name of Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie). There are also words that translate playful words from Chinese to create a misplaced and amusing effect, such as "We two who and who? If you want money, I have no. If you want life, I have one.", and "American Chinese not enough". The Xinhua News Agency reported that this was "Chinese witticisms enriching the English language" - and it was an innovative form of Chinese English.
The Global Language Monitor (GLM), based in Texas, USA, has given Chinglish a global perspective and a high rating from the perspective of English language development. Since 2005, Chinglish has been ranked as one of the top ten words that have influenced the world, and GLM believes that Chinglish is driving a profound change in the English language, with a large number of Chinese words entering the English language as the most significant source of new vocabulary, up to 20%. Each year they select the most popular Chinese words of the year, such as "No Noising" ("Quiet, please" in authentic English), "Question Authority" ("Information Booth" in authentic English), and "Information Booth"), the 2008 Deformed Man Toilet, the Airline Pulp According to GLM, Chinese is surprisingly complex and rich in its ability to produce and accept new words, and Chinese English is a "welcome mixture".

===Conclusions===
Chinese-English refers to English with Chinese phonological, semantic, grammatical and pragmatic features, and is a country-specific variant of English with Chinese characteristics. Its words are usually produced in five ways: phonetic, transliteration, phonetic-phonetic combination, phonetic-phonetic affixation and semantic regeneration, all more or less "Anglicised" to some extent. Chinese English is a reality and a contribution to English itself; it not only enriches the content of English, but also expands its sphere of influence. In recent years, Chinese English has become very popular in China and is beginning to make its way into the English-speaking world. The famous British linguist Mr David Kristel has pointed out that with the rapid development of the Chinese economy, Chinese English is bound to have more impact on Standard English.

===References===
1. 杜争鸣. 中国英语问题及其它[J ]. 西安外国语学院学报 ,1998 ,(3) :7 - 119.
2. Jiang , Yajun. Chinglish and China English [J ]. English To2 day , 1995 :16 :3 - 3
3. 金惠康. 中国英语与中式英语讨论[J]. 广东技术师范学院学报, 2003(5):5.
4. 韩威. 中式英语的融入对现代英语发展的影响[J]. 语文课内外, 2018.
5. 琼·平卡姆. The translator's guide to Chinglish[M]. 外语教学与研究出版社, 2000.
6. Zhuang Y . Guard Against Chinglish[J]. Chinese Translators Journal, 2000.

===Questions===
1. Do you know any typical Chinese English?

2. What does GLM stand for?

===Answers===
1. Good good study，day day up; “We two who and who？”（咱俩谁跟谁？）;“If you want money,I have no. If you want life,I have one.”（要钱没有，要命一条）;“American Chinese not enough”（美中不足）....

2. 全球语言监测机构(Global Language Monitor)

==Traditional Revolutionary Songs in China==
<center>漆羿鑫Qi Yixin,202270081647</center>
===Abstract===
Rising in the revolutionary war period, traditional revolutionary songs in China, or "red Song", mainly focusing on praising the party and the country, told the difficult course of the revolution, as well as the heroic deeds of the predecessors. It expressed the deep feelings of the majority of people for the motherland, and described the Chinese nation's confidence in social undertakings to overcome difficulties.
===Key Words===
traditional revolutionary songs, artistic features, current value
=== Introduction===
Traditional revolutionary songs are a political and social phenomenon peculiar to socialist countries, and particularly prosperous in China. It is clear that they are inspired by popular folksongs (De Sales, A. 2003, 7). Their core theme is to sing songs to praise the motherland, the proletarian revolution and the Communist Party. With a strong political orientation, it contains a profound ideology, specifically, reflecting the inherent spiritual needs of proletarian revolution and socialist construction (雷亚林 2019, 63).

===History of Traditional Revolutionary Songs===
The wide range of red songs included revolutionary songs from the Soviet Union, translated into Chinese, as well as Chinese red songs dedicated to the founding fathers of the new China, postludes, military songs for improving morale, and theme songs or interludes from revolutionary movies and opera (Li, S., & Yan, F. 2020, 3). The traditional revolutionary songs started with the May 4th Movement, gradually developed in the First Revolutionary Civil War, reached a certain scale in the Second Revolutionary Civil War, became mature during the War of Resistance Against Japan and the in the Third Revolutionary Civil War, and performed well in the period of socialist revolution and construction. Traditional revolutionary songs are closely related to the tide of the new democratic revolution, socialist revolution and construction led by the CPC, and record many unforgettable events, history, characters and stories (达晖 2009, 1).

===Artistic Features of Traditional revolutionary songs===
Lyrics embraces ideology, but they reflect the time when they are written (Howard, K. 2020, 18). Musically, traditional revolutionary songs have the characteristics, such as beautiful melody, simplicity and refinement, each of which is produced and sung in the specific revolutionary life or production practice. Because the traditional revolutionary songs directly reflected the spiritual outlook of the specific people at that time, the emotions contained in them seemed simple, touching, sincere and moving, especially those that eulogized the motherland, the people, and the party (雷亚林 2019, 63).

Traditional revolutionary songs vary by period. They emerged and developed with the proletarian revolution and socialist production. In different historical periods, the content, feelings and ideas conveyed are quite different, leading to a strong sense of the times for traditional revolutionary songs. For example, Guerrilla Songs(游击队歌) in the revolutionary war years reflected the people's mental state during the war, while My Motherland, The Moon of Lunar 15th, and Bless the Motherland in the socialist construction period showed the people's spiritual outlook in the process of production and construction (雷亚林 2019, 63).

===The Value of Traditional Revolutionary songs in Contemporary Society===
Traditional revolutionary songs help young people form correct values. The advent of the Internet era has enriched the lives of young people, but it has also led many people astray. Traditional revolutionary songs inherit the ideological spirit of the revolutionary ancestors, and their ideas, glory are also of great significance to the growth of young people and the rectification of social ethos （张正雨 2021, 100-101）. The list excitingly goes on—March Song(长征之歌) about the Long March; Guerrilla Song(游击队歌) of the Anti-Japanese War; I Am a Soldier of the early liberation period; Spring Story(春天的故事), On the Field of Hope(在希望的田野上) about the reform and opening up. The content described in the lyrics of traditional revolutionary songs in each period can help guide young people to form correct values to varying degrees, and also help to inherit red culture in modern society.

Traditional revolutionary songs can stimulate people's patriotic enthusiasm. The tragic images depicted in the traditional revolutionary songs can bring people back to that special era, help people better understand the history of that year, and then deeply understand that countless people with lofty ideals just shed their blood to realize the ideal in their hearts: defeat all enemies, and the people become masters of the country（张正雨 2021, 100-101）. As the "Heroic Battle Song" sings, "The hero leaps out of the trench, breaks the sky with lightning, falls into a single block, and the sky collapses with one hand..." The popularity of traditional revolutionary songs can make the people deeply feel the noble spirit of their ancestors, and the value of today's peace, and deepen their understanding and recognition of the national spirit.

Traditional revolutionary songs can inspire people's belief in innovation. The older generation of revolutionaries fought hard for a long time, and finally drove away all the aggressors, so that today's New China came into being. Today's people still need to inherit the revolutionary spirit and write more brilliant chapters through continuous efforts to live up to the efforts of the martyrs. As an indispensable part of national culture, traditional revolutionary songs play an extremely important role（张正雨 2021, 100-101）. Here are some examples—Hands Watering Flowers of Happiness（众手浇灌幸福花）, Descendants of the Drago（龙的传人）. Singing traditional revolutionary songs can help people better understand the traditional revolution and make people realize that no matter what kind of hardships they face, they can overcome difficulties as long as they keep firm faith and actively explore solutions to problems.

===Conclusion===
"With the continuous evolution of human society, in addition to the dialectical movement of material life, the demand for spiritual life also changes," said Marx. The outbreak of the epidemic leads to more people pessimistic about the future, but the new situation still requires high morale to move forward. Therefore, the article discusses the history, artistic characteristics and contemporary value of traditional revolutionary songs. Hopefully, it can promote the spread of traditional revolutionary songs and enrich the spiritual life of Chinese people.
===References===
[1] De Sales, A. (2003). Remarks on revolutionary songs and iconography. European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 7.

[2] Li, S., & Yan, F. (2020). Searching for Red Songs: The politics of revolutionary nostalgia in contemporary China. The China Quarterly, 3.

[3] Howard, K. (2020). Songs for" great Leaders": Ideology and Creativity in North Korean Music and Dance. Oxford University Press, 18.

[4] Wang, Q. (2012). Red songs and the main melody: Cultural nationalism and political propaganda in Chinese popular music. Perfect Beat, 13(2), 127.

[5] Dahui达晖.(2009).中国红色革命歌曲的伦理审视[Ethical Survey of Chinese Red Revolutionary Songs].Hunan: Hunan Normal University湖南师范大学.

[6] Lei Yalin雷亚林.(2019).红色歌曲的传唱与历史意义研究[Study on the Singing and Historical Significance of Red Songs].艺术评鉴Art Evaluation(09)63-64.

[7] Zhang Zhengyu张正雨.(2021).论红色歌曲的传承与发展[On the Inheritance and Development of Red Songs]大众文艺Popular Literature and Art(08)100-101.

=== Terms and Expressions===
May 4th Movement 五四运动

the Second Revolutionary Civil War 第二次国内革命战争

the War of Resistance Against Japan 抗日战争

new democratic revolution 新民主主义革命

===Questions===
1. What is true about the traditional revolutionary songs?
A. being peculiar to socialist countries.
B. containing profound ideology.
C. praising good behaviors in everyday life.
D. reflecting the inherent spiritual needs of proletarian revolution.
2. Which of the following songs are traditional revolutionary songs?
A. Guerrilla Song.
B. I Believe.
C. March Song.
D. Spring Story.
3. When did traditional revolutionary songs became mature?
A. the May 4th Movement.
B. the First Revolutionary Civil War.
C. the War of Resistance Against Japan.
D. the Third Revolutionary Civil War.
4. The Value of traditional revolutionary songs in contemporary society includes:
A. inspire people's belief in innovation.
B. help young people form correct values.
C. increase material wealth for holders.
D. stimulate people's patriotic enthusiasm.
=== Answers===
Correct answers are:
1.ABD 2.ACD 3.CD 4.ABD

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=202270081643 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)=
==Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements in Animation==
<center>刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu, 202270081643.</center>
===Abstract===
Originating in the 1920s, Chinese animation has always been committed to creating a road with national characteristics and adhering to the tradition of national painting. By exploring the connection between animation creation and Chinese traditional cultural elements, this chapter mainly analyzes the application, inheritance and innovation of Chinese traditional cultural elements in Chinese animation.
===Key Words===
Chinese Traditional Cultural; Chinese Animation
===动画中的中国传统文化元素===
===摘要===
中国动画起源于20世纪20年代，始终致力于走具有民族特色的道路，坚持民族绘画传统。本章通过探索中国动画创作与中国传统文化元素之间的联系，主要分析了中国传统文化元素在中国动画中的运用、传承与创新。
===关键词===
中国传统文化，中国动画
===Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements===
“Chinese elements” can be roughly divided into three parts. The first is the inherent elements of China, such as China’s territory, China’s race, China’s climate and so on. The second is the elements of traditional Chinese culture, such as Chinese calligraphy, Chinese knot, Beijing Opera, shadow play, martial arts, etc. The third is China’s modern cultural elements, such as the Beijing Olympic spirit, the culture of China’s famous enterprises and so on. Chinese traditional cultural elements are a very important part of Chinese elements, which are treasures handed down from five thousand years in China.
===Chinese traditional cultural elements in animation===
In its early development process, Chinese animation actively studied foreign advanced animation technology and art, and greatly improved its animation skills. Chinese animation style, therefore, was inevitably influenced by other countries. In order to explore the national style construction of Chinese animation, Chinese animation artists have drawn nourishment from Chinese traditional culture. The culture of the Chinese nation has a long history and profound cultural heritage, which is an inexhaustible treasure for artists of all artistic categories. The classic elements of traditional Chinese culture, such as traditional Chinese painting, paper cutting, shadow play, calligraphy, Peking opera and so on, not only represent the traditional spirit of the Chinese nation, but also represent a cultural symbol of the Chinese nation in the world. It is the core of the construction of national animation with Chinese characteristics.
====The Monkey King====
The Monkey King, created in 1961—1964, is our first color animated feature film. The role modeling, scene setting, color expression and other aspects of The Monkey King are borrowed from Chinese temple murals, temple art, ancient paintings, folk New Year pictures, opera masks and other traditional forms of artistic expression with Chinese characteristics. Take the image of Sun Wukong in The Monkey King as an example. The image of Sun Wukong in The Monkey King is loyal to the image description of Sun Wukong in the literary original Journey to the West, and many excellent traditional elements are added. On the whole, Sun Wukong in the film is long-limbed and lean, but still clever and vigorous. His has a slender waist, and his limbs are beautifully curved. He can carry himself lightly. The lines of the image are refined like fine brush painting, which makes Sun Wukong look like the Buddha image in Dunhuang fresco. The facial shape of Sun Wukong is morphed from the elements of Chinese opera facial makeup. Among the types of Peking Opera facial makeup, Sun Wukong’s facial makeup belongs to the animal shape of pictographic face, that is, the facial pattern evolved from the pictographic pattern of monkey to represent the character’s own attributes before incarnation.
====Calabash Brothers====
Calabash Brothers is actually a paper-cut animation, which is a form of art film combining traditional techniques such as Chinese folk paper-cut and shadow puppetry. Chinese paper-cut has appeared since the early Tang Dynasty. By hollowing out the paper, it can give people a sense of visual penetration and artistic enjoyment. Shadow play is mainly showed by the leather products which are made by folk artists with hand, knife carving and painted. Behind a white curtain, artists manipulate the puppets while telling stories with popular local tunes, which is called “shadow play”. Paper-cut animation involves folk paper-cut and absorbs the characteristics of shadow play in movement and shape. It uses flat paper to create animated characters, props, backgrounds, etc. A character is often a combination of multiple parts. The movement of each part of the static picture was slowly adjusted by hand, and the various movements of the characters were shot one by one. Such a method is what we call “stop-motion animation”. One by one, the flexible calabash brothers are put out various actions on the painted background pattern, and then photos are taken respectively, and each grid is connected into a cartoon. Although each episode is only a few minutes long, it took two years to shoot thousands of scenes.
Chinese paper-cut cartoons also include Monk Pig Eats Watermelon, Fisherboy, Ginseng Baby, Golden Conch, etc. They are all very excellent animated works.
====Big Fish & Begonia====
The character design of Big Fish & Begonia has a strong Oriental classical charm. There are more than 100 characters in the animation. The creativity and characters’ names refer to a large number of ancient books and allusions. Each character has its own source of creation, such as Chi Songzi, Bai Ze, etc., many of which are inspired by the Classic of Mountains and Seas, the Search of the Gods, the Book of Songs, etc. In the image and costume design of the protagonist Chun, this animation uses the school uniforms, short hair with straight bangs, clothing style of the Republic of China period. Chun as the heir of the birth family, masters the growth of begonia flowers. He is strong and persistent. Although he looks cold and serious in appearance, he is delicate, grateful, responsible and compassionate inside. The image of the character Kun, when he turns into a big fish, is also designed according to the description in A Happy Excursion by Chuang Tzu.
===Conclusion===
The ingenious application of Chinese traditional cultural elements in Chinese animation not only shows the spiritual significance and value of animation works, but also reflects the profound value of Chinese traditional culture behind it. Most Chinese animations have bright national styles. Only in this way can Chinese animation works find their own style and keep moving forward, and Chinese traditional culture is constantly explored in this process, and revitalized through re-creation.
===References===
[1]100 Years of Chinese Animation: Role of traditional culture in development of the industry[J]. M2 Presswire,2022.
[2]Jian Luo. Research on the Characteristics of Chinese Animation[C]//.Proceedings of 2017 4th International Conference on Literature,Linguistics and Arts(ICLLA 2017).,2017:172-175.
[3]Qing Xu,Min Wang. Discussions into Necessity of Folk Art Modeling Elements in Chinese Animation Creation[C]//.Proceedings of 2016 3rd International Conference on Economic,Business Management and Education Innovation(EBMEI 2016 V54).,2016:353-357.
[4]梁凯迪.壁画元素在中国动画中美学质感的突破——以《姜子牙》二维片段为例[J].流行色,2022(10):124-126.
[5]刘康.传统文化价值观在中国动画电影中的现代表达[J].明日风尚,2022(22):25-28.
[6]王晶,冯学勤.中华美学呈现是中国动画成熟的标志[N].中国社会科学报,2022-11-16(009).

===Terms and Expressions===
The Monkey King 《大闹天宫》
Calabash Brothers 《葫芦兄弟》
Big Fish & Begonia 《大鱼海棠》
Chinese opera facial makeup 中国戏曲脸谱
paper-cut animation 剪纸动画
shadow play 皮影戏

===Questions===
1. What paper-cut animations are mentioned in the article?
.
2. Please name at least three traditional Chinese cultures that you know.
.
3. Which three animation are mainly described in this chapter?
.
4. In the animation The Monkey King, which traditional Chinese cultural element is Sun Wukong's face morphed from?
.
===Answers===
Correct answers are:
.
1. Calabash Brothers, Monk Pig Eats Watermelon, Fisherboy, Ginseng Baby and Golden Conch.
.
2. Chinese calligraphy, Beijing Opera, shadow play, martial arts, etc..
.
3. The Monkey King, Calabash Brothers and Big Fish & Begonia.
.
4. Chinese opera facial makeup elements.

=202270081644 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting 英语笔译(English translation)=
==The Comparison of Chinese and Western Dream Interpretation Theory==
<center>刘婷婷 Liu Tingting, 202270081644</center>
===Abstract===
Everybody dreams. Though it is a common phenomenon during our sleep, different cultures have different theories to interpret it. Besides, every theory of dreams carries a country’s unique culture. Dreams may can foretell something, or may not, which depends on people’s attitude. Therefore, through comparing Chinese and Western interpretations of dream can make us know what are they based on and their opinions of dreams, and also their attitudes of life.
=== Key Words ===
Huangdi Neijing, The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams, The Interpretation of Dreams, dream

=== 题目 ===
中西方释梦理论的对比

=== 摘要 ===
每个人都会做梦。尽管在日常生活中这是一个常见现象，但是不同的文化会有不同的理论对其进行解析。此外，每一种释梦理论的背后都有着该国独特文化的支撑。梦是否可以预示未来，这取决于人们的态度。因此，将中西方释梦理论进行对比，可以使我们知道它们的理论依据、人们对于梦的看法，以及人们对生活的态度。

=== 关键词 ===
《黄帝内经》，《周公解梦》，《梦的解析》，梦

=== Introduction ===
Dream, a common physiological phenomenon, happens during our sleep. It is a mixture of real and unreal, attracting many scholars through all ages to make researches on it. In China, The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams and Huangdi Neijing are two famous books in dream’s interpretation. “Dating back to the Zhou Dynasty, dream officers gave a great push to dream classification. In Zhouli Chunguan, dream officers divided dreams into six types by observing the positions of the sun, the moon and the stars.” (王健 2012，217) As for Huangdi Neijing in the pre-Qin period, it related dreams to people’s the five internal organs and Yi Yang, etc.
For the West, the most famous book of dream interpretation is The Interpretation of Dreams, which was written by Sigmund Freud. This book is based on Artemidorus’ book—Interpretation of dreams, and combines with Freud’s clinical experience. Whereafter, many masters in psychoanalysis like Carl Gustav Jung and Alfred Adler have shown up, starting to study dreams from different perspectives.

=== The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams ===
The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams is a fortune-telling book according to people’s dream. Because it is of uncertain day, so some would be doubtful for its existence. After reading the remark of Chang Feng-i, Roberto Keh Ong “tentatively proposes that the Chou-kung chieh meng was already in existence, and quite popular at that, in the sixteenth century.” (Roberto Keh Ong 1981, 6) Since the beginning sentence of the book is “夜有纷纷梦，神魂预吉凶”, “This sets the tone of the text, which means that those good fortune or bad fortune symbolized by dream are omens presented by spirits or ghosts.” (贠培基 2012, 46) But what is affirmative is that the book has a great influence in China, providing the basis of dream interpretation and enlightening people to focus on dream.
Zhouli Chunguan divides dreams into six different types, they are 正、噩、思、悟、喜、惧, indicating that how the dreams come into existence. “正梦”—an ordinary dream without causing any pulse; “噩梦”—a stunning dream; “思梦”—a dream that misses others or thinking about something; “悟梦”—a daydream; “喜梦”—a dream that makes you feel happy; “惧梦”—a horrible dream that makes people frightened.
In the Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams, there are four methods of dream interpretation:
 The method of Zhi Meng（直梦法）.
 The method of Ce Zi（测字法）.
 The method of Xie Yin（谐音法）.
 The method of Yi Xiang（意象法）.

=== Huangdi Neijing ===
Huangdi Neijing is the first medical book in China, which contains Lingshu and Suwen these two sections. “This book uses Huangdi as a part of its name, which is finished between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Qin and Han Dynasties. It is not finished in a short time, an also not be done with only one man. It comprehensively summarizes medical achievements before the Qin and Han Dynasties, laying the foundation of theoretical basis of TCM.” (王凤香 2007，23)
Though it is a medical book, it also refers to oneirology, and analyzes the causes of dream, and the mechanism of dream formation.
Huangdi Neijing explores the reason why dreams happen in many aspects, and there are six points about it:
 The attack of Liu Yin Xie Qi. In TCM, Liu Yin Xie Qi means six pathogenesis cause by eternal stimulus: wind, coldness, heat (often happens in the summer), wetness, dryness, and heat. When failing to adapt to the changeable weathers, people may feel ill and then dreams occur.
 The influence brought by the change of Qiqing. Qiqing refers to seven emotions: happiness, anger, concern, missing, sorrow, scare and fear. Huangdi Neijing reckons that they would happen in dreams, thus their variations in dreams could reflect the physiological and pathological basis of different viscera.
 The dysfunction of viscera.
 The qi of yin and yang in the human body becomes over strong or over weak.
 The state of the body itself.
 Inappropriate treatment.
About the mechanism of dream formation, the book uses these four theories to analyze it: Yin Yang theory, Five-element theory, viscera picture theory and Ying Wei theory.

=== The Interpretation of Dreams ===
The Interpretation of Dreams is a psychological work by Sigmund Freud, a psychologist from Austria and the founder of psychoanalysis. He interprets dreams by many experiments with a rational thinking, and pioneers modern dream interpretation.
In this book, “Freud argues that dreams contain meaningful information about the dreamer’s unfulfilled, unconscious wishes.” (William J. Jenkins 2017, 10) That is to say that in Freud’s perspective, dream represents a wish-fulfilment. And he also uses an example to explain it: “If, in the evening, I eat anchovies, olives, or other strongly salted foods, I am thirsty at night, and therefore I wake. The waking, however, is preceded by a dream, which has always the same content, namely, that I am drinking.” And he draws a conclusion on it: “From this sensation arises the wish to drink, and the dream shows me this wish as fulfilled.” (Sigmund Freud 1999, 25-26)
Therefore, Freud mainly uses psychoanalysis to interpret dreams, which is quite different from Chinese dream interpretation methods. And what is the most different point is that he uses sex to interpret dreams from a perspective of a psychologist, so he presents the famous Oedipus complex and Electra complex in this book.

=== References ===
 Freud, Sigmund. (1999). The Interpretation of Dreams. New York: Oxford University Press.
 Jenkins, W. J. (2017). An Analysis of Sigmund Freud’s The Interpretation of Dreams. London: Macat Library.
 Ong, R. K. (1981). The interpretation of dreams in ancient China. Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
 Tnag Yezhou 汤叶舟. (2015). 以《周公解梦》和《梦的解析》为例研究中西方释梦差异性. [Taking the book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams and The Interpretation of Dreams as examples to study the differences between Chinese and Western dream interpretation.] 文化学刊 Culture Journal, (11):84-86.
 Wang Fengxiang 王凤香. (2007). 黄帝内经梦象研究 [A Study on the dream image of Huangdi Neijing]. 北京中医药大学 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 2007.
 Wang Jian 王健. (2012). 中西方释梦的差异—以《周公解梦》和《梦的解析》为例 [Differences between Chinese and Western Dream Interpretation—A Case study of the book Duke of Zhou Interpreting Dreams and The Interpretation of Dreams]. 北方文学(下半月) Northern Literature, (09):217-218.
 Yun Peiji 贠培基. (2012). 以陈明主编的《周公解梦》为例剖析花样繁多的现代版周公解梦 [Taking Chen Ming's The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams as an example, the modern version of the book Duke of Zhou interprets dreams with various patterns]. 科学与无神论 Science and Atheism, (03):46-49.
 Zhai Shuangqing, Chen Zijie 翟双庆, 陈子杰. (2008). 有关《黄帝内经》梦学理论的总结 [A summary of the dream theory in Huangdi Neijing]. 中华中医药学会第九届内经学术研讨会论文集 Proceedings of the 9th Seminar on Neijing of Chinese Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2008:141-147.

=== Terms and Expressions ===
The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams 《周公解梦》
Zhouli Chunguan 《周礼春官》
Huangdi Neijing 《黄帝内经》
The Interpretation of Dreams 《梦的解析》
TCM 中医
Oneirology 梦学
Yin and Yang 阴阳
Liu Yin Xie Qi 六淫邪气
Qiqing 七情

=== Questions ===
1. How many methods of interpreting dreams in the book Duke of Zhou interprets dreams?
A. One B. Two C. Five D. Four
2. Huangdi Neijing is a __________________.
A. Medical book B. Mystery novel C. short novel D. story book
3. The Interpretation of dreams is written by ___________.
A. Jung Carl Gustav B. Sigmund Freud C. The Duke of Zhou D. Alfred Adler
4. How many kinds of dreams in Zhouli Chunguan?
A. Seven B. Five C. Four D. Six
5. Freud interprets dreams by _____________.
A. Asking for the God B. Psychoanalysis C. the position of the moon and stars D. physical condition

=== Answers ===
Correct answers are:
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. B

==202270081693 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin 英语口译(English interpretation)==

Topic: Translation strategies of English animal idioms

Abstract: Idioms are an indispensable part of language, which is the crystallization of languages, carrying a lot of cultural factors and concentrating in the culture factors, with plenty of idiomatic expression. Throughout the history, animals plays an important role in our life, bringing joys and company to us and become part of family. Therefore, especially in western cultures, there are many English animal idioms, which containing specific cultural meanings. People use different animals to express their feelings and ideas. This paper will first analyze the definition of English animal idioms. Also, the author will talks about some English idioms with classified animals. What’s more, the author will provide some translation strategies in translating those animal idioms.

==202270081645 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 英语笔译(English translation)==
==The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China==
<center>刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 202270081645</center>
===Abstract===
The Imperial examination is a system in which feudal dynasties selected officials and talents through examinations. The Imperial Examination System had a profound impact on ancient China. Therefore, it is very necessary and significant to understand and study the Imperial Examination System. This paper will introduce the origin and development of the Imperial Examination System, describe the types and contents of it in detail, and finally, expound its significance.
===Key Words===
The Imperial examination system, ancient China, history, culture
===题目===
中国古代的科举制度
===摘要===
科举考试是封建王朝通过考试选拔官员和人才的制度。科举制度对中国古代产生了深远的影响。因此，了解和研究科举制度是非常必要和有意义的。本文将介绍科举制度的起源和发展，详细描述科举制度的类型和内容，最后阐述科举制度的意义。
===Introduction===
===Origin===
During the Wei, Jin dynasties, the emperor adopted the method of "Nine-rank system" to select talents. However, the system was controlled by powerful families, and only the children of senior officials could be officials, which led to the solidification of the class and the inability to appoint people on the basis of capability. Whereas, in order to consolidate their rule, the rulers also gradually changed their talent selection. Some contents of the imperial examination had already sprout in the Han Dynasty, but this paper still considers the Sui Dynasty as the real origin. The book ''Datang Xinyu'' wrote by Liu Su said:" Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty changed the Ming and Jin two subjects"(周奇金滢坤, 2022). It was the Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty who changed the examination to regular, held every year, further carried forward, and finally became a clear beginning of the system.
Emperor Yang Jian of Sui dynasty understood the danger of being subject to the high rank and nobility, abolishing the "Nine-rank system". He carried out the system of selecting scholars by subject, and set up state and county schools to test students, and the state could also send talents to the central government for examination and employment. Emperor Yang set up Jinshi Branch, the school students can directly apply for the school, not to the state, county entrance examination, after passing the state, county sent to the central examination(李亚彬, 2020). Sui Dynasty broke through the old rules of the previous dynasties and created a considerable number of new subjects, which started the system of the Tang Dynasty. The standard of selecting talents gradually changed from morality to examination.
===Development===
However, Sui dynasty lasted only thirty-seven years, which meant that the imperial examination system had been introduced in the Sui dynasty but could not be further developed. Therefore, the important task was carried out by the rulers of the Tang dynasty. Tang dynasty attached great importance to the cultivation and selection of talents. After the founding of the Tang dynasty, several generations of rulers put the emphasis on to the imperial examination and took relevant measures. The first emperor of Tang Gaozu Li Yuan put forward the regular date of“every october”to go to the court for examination, and clarified the local pre-examination of the state and county, which is equivalent to the "Provincial Examination" method of later generations. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, greatly expanded the scale of the college, the school cottages and increased the number of students. Wu Zetian set up a military examination. It held by the Ministry of War examiners, mainly to assess students 'military strength. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, poetry and Fu became the main examination content of Jinshi. Also, during his reign, the court admitted many talented people. The method of selecting scholars by poetry and Fu also greatly promoted the prosperity of Tang poetry(王一汕, 2010).
Song Dynasty was also an important period for the development and reform of the imperial examination system. After the development of Tang Dynasty, the imperial examination system of Song Dynasty became mature and complete(邓叶倩, 2019). For one thing, in terms of the form, in Song dynasty, the emperor's personal visit to the palace examination turned into a custom. At the same time, reform measures such as sealing and transcription were taken. Sealing(Mi Feng), that is, the examinee's name, native place and other records on the examination paper sealed up. Transcription is that the palace examination papers will be sent to copy by other people, and then examine the official review. These measures greatly increased the fairness of the examniation, so that more talented and learned people can enter the officialdom, and these reforms even had a profound impact on the modern examination system. However, these measures required a large amount of manpower and material resources, so by the reign of Emperor Yingzong of the Song dynasty, the imperial examination was officially held every three years. For another, as for the content, Song dynasty strengthened the status and importance of Ce Lun in the imperial examination. With the rise of Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty, the ability of thinking also became an important standard for assessment. In the Song Dynasty, the emperors abolished the examination of poetry and Fu, and replaced it with the examination of the meaning, theory and policy of the classics.
Since then, the basic form and content of the imperial examination system tend to be complete. The imperial examination was held every three years, mainly divided into the provincial examination, the metropolitan examination and the palace examination. In the autumn, the provincial examination was held by each state, The first name is Jieyuan. The metropolitan examination was held in the spring of the following year by the Ministry of Rites, the first name will be called Huiyuan. The palace examination was held in the following month and presided over by the emperor. The first name was Zhuangyuan. Getting the first place three times in a row is known as the "the three consecutive Yuan(Lian Zhong San Yuan)", and ancient China has also appeared such talents. Through the layer upon layer selection at district, provincial and national levels, outstanding talents are called “jinshi”. Such elites obtained qualifications to enter the final examination hosted by the emperor, and were conferred different ranks official positions according to their performance. Because of this, the imperial examination system (keju) had become the main way for all civilians to start their official careers (Ho, 1962).
===Completion===
The Yuan dynasty saw an eighty-year suspension of the imperial examinations, which were later restored, but with increasing inequality, mainly to protect the privileges of the Mongols and reduce the number of Han officials. This phenomenon did not change until the establishment of the Ming Dynasty. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the period when the imperial examination system was flourishing, but it was also the period when it was ending.
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the imperial power gradually reached its peak. In order to consolidate the imperial power, the rulers took the imperial examination system as the most important tool to absorb talents. The social atmosphere gradually changed, and many scholars took the imperial examination as their lifelong goal, and "To be a scholar is to be the top of society." became the motto of most scholars at that time.
With the increasing importance of the imperial examination, the emperors carried out a series of reforms on it. First, the imperial examinations in the Ming and Qing dynasties became a huge system with various levels, rules and regulations. In addition to the above-mentioned several types of examinations, there are new types of examinations: the imperial examinations to admit scholars and county examination(Barry O’Sullivan, 2022), a total of five types of examinations. As a result, many people began to study hard for the imperial examination from a very young age, devoting their whole lives to the imperial examination system. The minimum age for the examination was greatly lowered during this period.
In terms of examination content. To further strengthen their rule and control over the people's thoughts, the rulers of the Qing dynasty limited the imperial examinations to stereotyped writing(bagu). The stereotyped writing(bagu) are that the paragraphs written in the examination articles are fixed, and the scope of the examination is also set and limited to the Four Books and Five Classics, and no other ideas are allowed to exist. Under the implementation of this kind of policy, the stereotyped writing fettered the scholar's thought, and the theory of Chengs and Zhu Xi became rigid under the guidance of the imperial examination system. Scholars have spent their whole lives studying the writing of stereotyped writing, lacking understanding of politics and social reality. Intellectuals 'thinking is solidified and they weren’t able to think out of box. Gu Yanwu, the great mind in late Ming dynasty, once said: "The harm of stereotyped writing is equivalent to burning books." From the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the advantages of selecting scholars from stereotyped writing increasingly decreased and the disadvantages gradually increased, which became one of the important factors for the stagnation of national development and the decline of national strength in the late Qing Dynasty.
===End===
In the late Qing Dynasty, due to foreign aggression, China continued to cede territory and pay reparations, and popular discontent ran high. The Qing Dynasty was in serious crisis and emperors wanted to consolidate the rule through reform. Meanwhile, the westernization movement continued to develop, and many western thoughts and ideas spread to China as well(徐云, 2022). Therefore, in order to meet requirements of national development, the content of the imperial examination was constantly adjusted, and the stereotyped writing was gradually abolished. However, the disadvantages of the imperial examination system had been irreversible detrimental and could not become beneficial through reform. Thus, The imperial examination system, frst administered in 605 CE during the Sui dynasty, continued almost uninterrupted until it was finally abandoned in 1905 CE(Barry O’Sullivan, 2022). At this point, the imperial examination system completely withdrew from the stage of history.
===Conclusion===
As a culture formed by the evolution and development of the Chinese civilization for five thousand years, the traditional Chinese culture reflects the characteristics and features of the Chinese nation. As one of the basic components and core elements of traditional Chinese culture, the imperial examination system not only has a significant impact on the history of nearly 1,300 years, but also plays an important role in modern Chinese culture and civil servant examination system.
The 1300 years' imperial examination tradition of selecting officials has given the Chinese nation legitimate reasons and cultural confidence to adhere to the system of selecting talents by examination, but on the basis of adhering to the system, we should carefully study the history and cultural connotation of the imperial examination system, timely update the content standard of selecting talents, so as to provide more profound cultural capital for the great rejuvenation of the contemporary Chinese nation.

===Reference===
[1]O’ Sullivan, Barry, and Liying Cheng. "Lessons from the Chinese imperial examination system." Language Testing in Asia 12.1 (2022): 1-20.
[2]Ho, P., 1962. The Ladder of Success in Imperial China: Aspects of Social Mobility. Columbia University Press.
[3]周奇[Zhou Qi], 金滢坤[Jin Yingkun]."论隋代察举制向科举制的转变."[The transformation from investigation examination system to Imperial Examination System in Sui Dynasty] 人文杂志[''Humanities journal''] .05(2022):129-140.
[4]李亚彬[Li Yabin]."问史——科举制何以终结门阀士族."[A Question of History - Why the Imperial examination system ended the royal families]. 博览群书[''Well Read''] .06(2020):37-41.
[5]王一汕[Wang Yishan]."唐朝科举制与文化繁荣."[The Imperial Examination and cultural Prosperity in Tang Dynasty] 历史学习[''History Learning''] .03(2010):19-20.
[6]邓叶倩[Deng Yeqian]."论中国古代科举制度及其影响." [The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China and its Influence.]汉字文化[''Chinese Character Culture''].14(2019):66+79.
[7]徐云[Xu Yun]."科举制度废除：过程、原因及影响探讨."[The abolition of the Imperial Examination System: A probe into the Process, Causes and Effects.] 今古文创[''Modern and Ancient Literary Creation''] .43(2022):64-66.
===Reference===
The Imperial Examination System 科举制度
Nine-rank system 九品中正制
Datang Xinyu 《大唐新语》
Jinshi 进士
Provincial Examination 乡试
Wu Zetian 武则天
Ministry of War 兵部
Sealing and transcription 弥封和誊录
Neo-Confucianism 儒家理学
Metropolitan examination 会试
Palace examination 殿试
Ministry of Rites 礼部
The three consecutive Yuan (Lian Zhong San Yuan) 连中三元
To be a scholar is to be the top of society 万般皆下品，惟有读书高
the imperial examinations to admit scholars 童试
county examination 院试
stereotyped writing 八股文
The harm of stereotyped writing is equivalent to burning books. 八股之害，甚于焚书
===Questions===
1.When was the imperial examination system abolished？
A.1905 B.1907 C.1904 D.1908
2.What are the types of imperial examinations in Ming and Qing Dynasties?
A.the imperial examinations to admit scholars B.county examination C.provincial examination D.metropolitan examination E.palace examination.
3.What are the reasons for the abolition of stereotyped writing?
===Questions===
Correct answers are：
1.A
2.ABCDE
3. (1) Foreign invasion and compensation caused the Qing Dynasty to fall into crisis. (2) When western ideas were introduced into China, the stereotyped writing was already backward and could not meet the needs of national development. (3) The Qing government's policy was weak and the reform on keju was useless.

==202270081694 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing 英语口译(English interpretation)==
刘雨晴Liu Yuqing, 202270081694

== '''Abstract''' ==

Chinese people attach great importance to family, which makes family an important part of Chinese culture. The traditional family structure in China mainly consists of Joint Family, stem family, and nuclear family. However, along with the profound changes that have occurred in modern China, the Chinese family structure is also changing, with the nuclear family gradually becoming the dominant family structure and marriage becoming more liberal and the divorce rate increasing. At the same time, there is a growing trend toward gender equality in family relations. Of course, the reasons behind the changes in family structure cannot be separated from the development of society, policy changes, transition in social ideology and even the influence of globalization. In turn, the transition in family structure also has an impact on education and social and economic development.

== '''Key Words''' ==

family structure;changes; nuclear family

== '''题目''' ==

中国传统家庭结构的变化

== '''摘要''' ==

中国人非常重视家庭，家庭是中国文化的重要组成部分。中国的传统家庭结构主要包括联合家庭、直系家庭、核心家庭。然而，伴随着现代中国发生的深刻变化，中国的家庭结构也在发生变化，核心家庭逐渐成为家庭结构的主导，婚姻变得更加自由，离婚率不断上升。同时，家庭关系中的性别平等趋势也越来越明显。当然，家庭结构变化背后的原因离不开社会的发展、政策的变化、社会意识形态的转型，甚至全球化的影响。反过来，家庭结构的转型也会对教育和社会经济发展产生影响。

== '''关键词''' ==

家庭结构；变化；核心家庭；

'''I. The main types of traditional Chinese family structures'''

1.Joint Family
A joint family is usually a large undivided family where members of more than two generation live together under one roof (grandparents, parents, uncles, aunts, their children or even grandchildren). This kind of family is large in size and is usually headed by the eldest member of the family. The responsibility of making decisions rests with the head of the family, although family members can give suggestions. After marriage, the children also live in the same house along with other family members. This family structure was common among wealthy families in ancient China. For example, the family structure in the Dream of the Red Chamber is a typical joint family.
2. Stem family
A stem family consists of parents and one married child, his or her spouse and offspring. It has three generations (or even four), but each generation has at most one couple. It is also known as a medium-sized family. For example, in a stem family, there are grandparents, parents and children, but it does not include uncles and aunts. In terms of size, it is smaller than a joint family while bigger than a nuclear family.
3. Nuclear family
Nuclear family refers to the core members of a family, usually two parents and their children. Children are included only while they’re young enough to live with their parents. This family unit became widely recognized because it’s where many of society’s rules and norms are passed along from parent to child. Sociologists see the concept of a nuclear family as a fundamental building block of society.

'''II. Characteristics of traditional family structure'''

According to the records, in the mid to late 18th century of China, the proportion of nuclear family was over 50%, stem family about 30% and joint family less than 10%. This indicates that nuclear family had become the dominant family form in the society at that time. And the following are the main features within the traditional family structure:
1. Men are Superior to Women and husband guides wife .This feature constitutes the basic structure of the traditional family. As Fei Xiaotong said, the core of a tradition family relationship is the parent-child relationship while the relationship between husband and wife is unimportant.
2. The eldest son has equal inheritance rights with the other brothers. The family became smaller and smaller. Finally, it stayed in the model of a nuclear family. The daughter has no right to inherit, but has the right to get a dowry. The so-called wealth only within three generations is the embodiment of this inheritance system of dividing family assets and the reason why there are few large families in China.
3. Marriage is decided by parents
Children have no marital autonomy. Marriage is often decided by parents. The daughter may have never had any contacts with the husband's family before marrying him, and the wife should be subordinate to her husband.
4. The traditional family has mixed functions, including economic, nurturing, support, affection, support, etc.

'''III. The transition of family structure from traditional to modern.'''

Since the reform and opening up, social resources have been relatively abundant and every aspect of the family has changed dramatically.
1. The family is becoming more nuclearized. Since many of the functions of the family, such as production, education, and support of elders, have been replaced by society. Society has built a large number of nursery schools and nursing homes, it is not necessary to maintain a large family size to perform these functions.
2. Some other types of family structures have emerged. These are: single person families, cohabiting families and even some homosexual cohabiting families.
3. Marriage tends to be autonomous and divorce rate increases. In contemporary times, divorce has also become common, the way of divorce has become more civilized, and more and more divorces are initiated by the wife. In addition, remarriage in old age has been widely accepted by the society, and there is a new trend of the younger generation matching and organizing weddings for their parents.
4. Increasing trend of gender equality in family relations. In today's families, the traditional patriarchy is disappearing and the concept of male superiority over female has been fundamentally changed. There is a tendency for family members to discuss with each other, to make democratic decisions, and to be democratic and egalitarian.

'''IV. Causes behind the changes in family structure'''

1. The One-Child policy has had a huge impact on the structure and size of families in China.
In the late 1970s, The One-Child policy was introduced in China as a national policy. This policy has had a decisive effect on the structure and size of families in China, promoting the trend of the nuclear family. Since the main purpose of the One-Child policy was to reduce the birth rate of each family. Only one child is allowed in urban families and no more than two in rural families (except for ethnic minority areas) and the government was promoting the concept of equality between men and women. A large number of “the only child” are born in cities. In addition, most young married couples live apart from their parents after marriage, thus more and more nuclear families have emerged. The number of empty nest families has also increased.
2. With the development of economy, many responsibilities of the family were assumed by the society, thus nuclear family became more dominating. The tradition family assumed responsibilities such as nurturing children, support the elders and production. But in modern times, economic development has also promoted the division of labor and the development of the social welfare system, and various institutions have emerged in society to help assume some of the family obligations. For example, nursing homes can help take care of the elders, and nurseries or schools can help care for the children. In this way, the adult workforce in the family can devote more energy to their work. In addition, since older couples have pensions and retirement funds after retirement, they can live without relying on their children after retirement, and they prefer to live separately from their children to avoid the tension that may arise between the two generations of couples.
3. The influence of globalization on the family concept in China since the reform and opening up.
Since the opening up, western ideas have come into China, and the younger generation has been increasingly influenced by western family concepts. The emphasis on self-independence in the Western family concept has a great influence on young people. For example, premarital cohabitation, trial marriage, free love, celibacy, gender equality and so on. These concepts have caused an unprecedented impact on the traditional family concept in China. A lot of media reports about western families flooded into our lives, which also had an important impact on our young generation.

'''V. Influences follow the changes'''

1. Impact of changing family structure on family education
The size of the family has shrunk and parents have become more concerned with their children's development. Children are seen as an individual with a sense of independence, personality and individuality, and the goal of parents in raising their children shifted from “glorifying their ancestors” to achieving the all-round development of the child, freedom of personality and perfection of character.
2. The impact of changes in family structure on the economy
As the basic consumption unit of society, the family not only creates new social demand, but also influences social supply. As the population grows and the joint family gradually divides, many new families are created. The rapid increase in the number of households inevitably leads to a simultaneous increase in the demand for many goods, such as housing and furnishings, matching kitchen and sanitary equipment, high-end durable household appliances, furniture sets, cars and household services. In addition, smaller families have more needs for enjoyment and development, higher expectations for their children, and relatively higher expenditures for their children's education and training; With the number of elderly families, especially empty nesters t, continues to increase, there will be a significant increase in elderly living goods and facilities to serve the elderly. These changes in demand structure provide an important basis for corresponding adjustments in the supply structure.

== '''References''' ==
[1] 王跃生，当代中国家庭结构变动分析[J].中国社会科学，2006（01）
[2] 王跃生，中国家庭结构变动与特征[J].人口与计划生育，2017（09）
[3] 胡亮，由传统到现代---中国家庭结构变迁特点及原因分析[J].西北人口，2004（2）
[4] 童辉杰，黄成毅，当代中国家庭结构的变迁及其社会影响[J].西北人口，2015（06）
[5]吴愈晓，王鹏，杜思佳，变迁中的中国家庭结构与青少年发展，中国社会科学，2018（2）

== '''Questions''' ==

1. What are the main types of traditional Chinese family structures? A. Stem family B. Joint family C.nuclear famliy D.composite family
2. When was the One-Child policy was introduced in China? A.In the late 1970s B.In the early 1970s C . In the late 1980s D. In the early 1980s.
3. Which type of family structures are realistically depicted in Dream of the Red Chamber? A. Stem family B. Joint family C.nuclear famliy D.composite family
4. Which types of family structure is the dominating one nowadays?A. Nuclear family B. Joint family C.Single-parent famliy D.Stem family

== '''Answers''' ==

1. A,B,C 2. A 3.B 4. A

=202270081710 鲁思 Lu Si 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=
==Evolution and Characteristics of Ancient Currency in China==
<center>鲁思Lu Si，202270081710</center>
===Abstract===
Currency is the cultural essence of the development of civilizations of all nations for thousands of years, and is also the common material and spiritual wealth of mankind. China has been using money for 5,000 years. Due to the evolution of history, nearly tens of thousands of currencies (banknotes and coins) and colorful Chinese currency culture have been created, and a system with its own unique style has been formed.
=== Key Words ===
Ancient Currency，Monetary Evolution，Characteristics of Money
=== Introduction ===
China is one of the earliest countries in the world to use currency, with a history of 5,000 years. In the process of its formation and development, ancient China currency has undergone six major evolutions

=== Evolution of Ancient Currency ===
1.Evolution from natural currency to artificial currency.
Shell is the earliest currency in China. It was used as currency in Shang Dynasty. In all the China characters were related to value are mostly from "shell." With the development of commodity exchange, the demand for money was increasing, and seashell could not meet people's demand. People began to imitate seashell with copper in Shang Dynasty.The appearance of copper coin is an important evolution from natural currency to artificial currency in the history of ancient currency in China. With the extensive use of artificial coins, seashells, a natural currency, gradually withdrew from the monetary stage of China.

2.Evolution from disordered shape to unified shape.
From the appearance of copper coins in Shang Dynasty to the Warring States Period, there were many shapes of currency in our country. During the Warring States Period, not only countries made their own money, but also all regions within a vassal country made their own money. It is famous for the spade-shaped coin of Zhao, the sword-shaped coin Qi, the round square hole coins of Qin and the Each within Zhu（commonly known ant nose money） of Chu各内朱俗称蚁鼻钱. After the Qin Dynasty unified China, also the currency. the First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty promulgated the earliest currency law in China in 210 B.C., which stipulated that ‘banliang’, at first called ring money and later ‘fang kong yuan qian’(Circular Coin with a Square Hole).After the unification of Qin, ‘banliang’ coin was spread around the whole country. The unification of currency ended the disorder state of different shapes and weights of ancient currency in China, and was an important evolution from disordered shape to standardized shape in the history of ancient currency in China. The shape of this round square hole, which was determined by Qin Banliang coin, continued until the early period of the Republic of China.

3.Evolution from local coinage to central coinage.
In the early days of the Han Dynasty, the county was allowed to freely cast money. According to the records of Han Shu·Monograph on Food and Currency , Emperor Wen "except for the order of stealing and casting money, the people let the casting go," so "stealing and casting rose like clouds." This not only caused the chaos of the currency, but also made the rich merchants manipulate the right to coin, rich than the emperor. In 118 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered new coins of five baht to be cast because banliang of coins were stolen and cast continuously, and allowed all prefectures to cast them, commonly known as "five baht of prefectures." In 113 B. C., Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took back the right of coining coins in the county state, and the three officials of Shanglin unified the coinage of five baht coins, which became the only legal currency at that time. From then on, the unified management of coin minting and issuing by the central government was determined, which was an important evolution from local coinage to central coinage in the history of ancient China currency. Since then, the coins of the past dynasties have been directly managed by the central government. The centralization of the coinage right played an important role in stabilizing the political situation and economic development of each dynasty.

4.From the weight of documents to the evolution of Tongbao（通宝） and Yuanbao（元宝）.
Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, coins usually have a clear indication of the weight of the money, such as "banliang,""wuzhu coin" and so on (twenty-four baht for one liang). In the fourth year of Emperor Gaozu 's reign (621), Li Yuan decided to reform the currency system, abolish the ancient coins of different weights, take the meaning of "opening up a new era," and uniformly cast "Kaiyuan Tongbao" coins. "Kaiyuan Tongbao" is an anti-Qin and Han Dynasty old system, money does not write weight, is China 's ancient currency from the weight of documents to Tongbao, Yuan Bao evolution. "Kaiyuan Tongbao" money is the earliest Tongbao money in China. Since then, China 's copper coins no longer use money to mark the weight, are to Tongbao, Yuanbao commensurate, it has been used until the Revolution of 1911 "Republic of China Tongbao."

5.The evolution of metal currency to paper money "Jiaozi."
In the Northern Song Dynasty, with the development of exchange, the amount of currency in circulation increased. When Taizong of the Northern Song Dynasty, the annual coin was 800,000 Guan, which gradually increased later. Because of the shortage of copper material for casting coins, the government made up for the shortage of copper coins by casting iron coins in large quantities in some areas. According to the records of Song History, the iron coins cast in Sichuan at that time always weighed 25 catties and eight liang. To buy a piece of silk in Sichuan, you have to pay 130 jin of iron money. Iron money is so heavy and inconvenient that the paper money "Jiaozi" printed by the Northern Song Dynasty came into being in Sichuan. Song Zhenzong, under the permission of the government, by Chengdu 16 rich households jointly operated. The appearance of "Jiaozi" is an important evolution from metal currency to paper currency in the ancient monetary history of our country. "Jiaozi" is not only the earliest paper money in China, but also the earliest paper money in the world.

6.Evolution from Manual Coining to Mechanized Paper Money.
In the late Qing Dynasty, with the gradual introduction of foreign advanced science and technology, Guangxu years began to buy coin-making machines abroad for making silver yuan and copper yuan. Later, Guangdong began to machine non-porous when ten copper dollars. As manufacturers made huge profits, provinces followed suit. The appearance of mechanism currency in the late Qing Dynasty is the evolution from manual coinage to mechanism currency in the ancient currency history of our country. From then on, not only the craft of casting money has undergone major changes, but also the circulation of more than 2,000 years of round square hole money died.

=== Characteristics of Ancient Currency ===
From the historical perspective, China's ancient monetary system has several characteristics.

1.The separation of monetary functions. In ancient China, gold and silver were used as a store of value, as a means of payment for international trade, and as a unit of account. But the medium of exchange in circulation is mainly borne by copper coins. Gold and silver coins have been minted in all generations, but they are more of a form of money, more of a position of luxury jewelry, used to hide wealth, used to give gifts, used to bribe, used as reserves. Copper coins were minted in large quantities as a means of payment. The nature of copper coin determines that its surface value is greater than the value of actual coinage materials, which is actually credit currency. Unfortunately, the seigniorage was hard to resist throughout the ages, and copper coins had a long history of inflation, with many instances of weight loss and devaluation. This also taught the common people that they would not use copper coins as a means of hiding wealth, but only as a means of circulation. According to the principle of "bad money drives out good money," they should spend what they have, leaving only gold and silver coins in their hands.

2.Currency casting and circulation are regional. In ancient China, coin casting was managed by different places. The sword coins of the pre-Qin Dynasty were cast by various cities, and the place names would be indicated on the coins. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, silver dollars were also cast and issued by various provinces, with place names on them. Not only is casting regional, but so is currency circulation. Of course, when the warlords were separated from each other, the Three Kingdoms era was definitely a regional currency circulation. Even in the period of political unification, the regionalism of currency circulation is still widespread. For example, in the Northern Song Dynasty, Jingdong, Jingxi 13 Road exercise copper coins; Chengdu and other four roads exercise iron money, Shaanxi, Hedong copper money, iron money both. Until liberation, the circulation of money throughout the country was not unified.

3.It has not paid attention to the innovation of monetary technology for a long time. The casting method is not advanced, resulting in uneven color and weight of currency. Although the process is exquisite, it has not formed an industrialized, expandable and large-scale banknote printing and coin-making project, so the quality of currency is very problematic.

=== References ===
 Chen Hui陈慧.(2022). 中国古代货币的演变与发展论析 [On the Evolution and Development of Ancient China Currency].产业与科技论坛 Industry and Technology Forum (09):60-61.

 Peng Xinwei 彭信威. (1965). 中国货币史 [The History of Chinese Currency]. Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Publishing House] 上海人民出版社.

 Liu Ruixuan, Wang Di刘芮瑄,王娣.(2020). 中国古代货币演变简述 [A Brief Introduction to the Evolution of Ancient Chinese Currency]. 科教文汇(上旬刊) Science and Education Collection (04):169-170.DOI:10.16871/j.cnki.kjwha.2020.04.072.

 Ma Tao, Song Dan马涛,宋丹.(2009). 论中国古代货币范畴的特点 [On the Characteristics of Currency Category in Ancient China]. 财经研究 Financial Research . (11):26-36.DOI:10.16538/j.cnki.jfe.2009.11.010.

 Tuo Tuo 脱脱. (1985). 宋史 [The History of Song Dynasty]. Peking: China Publishing House 中华书局.

 Yan Caiyun燕彩云.(2005). 中国古代货币的演变 [The Evolution of Ancient China Currency]. 中学历史教学 History Teaching in Middle School (07):51.

=== Terms and Expressions ===
spade-shaped coin 布币，铲币.
sword-shaped coin 刀币.
Ant nose money 蚁鼻钱.
Wuzhu Coin 五铢钱.
Han Shu·Monograph on Food and Currency 《汉书·食货志》.
History of the Song Dynasty 《宋史》.

=== Questions ===
1.The world's first paper money ()
A.spade-shaped coin B.Jiaozi C.Tongbao D.Wuzhu Coin

2.After the unification of the Qin Dynasty, the unified currency used throughout the country was ()
A.sword-shaped coin B.spade-shaped coin C.Fang kong yuan qian D.Wuzhu Coin

3. Which of the following are the characteristics of ancient China currency()
A.currency casting and circulation are regiona
B.distinguish one's status
C.the separation of monetary functions
D.it has not paid attention to the innovation of monetary technology for a long time

4."Kaiyuan Tongbao" money is the earliest Tongbao money in China. True or False（）
A.True B.False

=== Answers ===
Correct answers are:
1. B
2. C
3. ACD
4. A

==202270081711 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)==
==Chinese Imperial Harem Rivalry Drama==
<center>陆玉琴Lu Yuqin, 202270081711</center>.
===Abstract===
Chinese Imperial Harem Rivalry Dramas are dramas set in ancient China's feudal dynasties, with female characters such as harem concubines or female officials as the main subjects of the story, and with characters' emotional entanglements or political power struggles as the main plot lines.
===题目===
中国宫斗剧
===摘要===
宫斗剧是指以中国古代封建王朝为背景，将后宫嫔妃或女官等女性角色做为故事主体，以人物情感纠葛或政治权力倾轧为剧情主线的电视剧集。
===关键词===
imperial harem rivalry drama, feudal dynasties，female characters
===Introduction===
In ancient China, there was a well known saying to describe ancient emperor’s concubines which is “3,000 beauties live in the inner court”. Imperial harem rivalry drama uses " imperial harem " as the narrative space and " rivalry " as the narrative theme. (Wang Siqi 2020, 4) It focuses on entertainment and playful interpretation, and are somewhat different from historical dramas. In this kind of drama, the emperor’s concubines intrigued against each other for the emperor's favor and their power, which takes full advantage of the viewers' curiosity about the ancient court. Imperial harem rivalry dramas are loved by viewers for their tense, exciting and bizarre plots. ''War and Beauty'', which was broadcasted in 2004, established the art form of imperial harem rivalry dramas. In 2012, ''Empresses in the Palace'' pushed imperial harem rivalry dramas to the peak. Imperial harem rivalry dramas have taken an important place in the Chinese TV drama market.
===''Empresses in the Palace''===
''Empresses in the Palace'', written by Liu Lianzi and later directed by Zheng Xiaolong, is by far the most popular Chinese imperial harem rivalry drama. It tells a story about how an innocent young girl named Zhen Huan entered the Forbidden City and eventually defeated other concubines with her wits and schemes during the relentless palace fighting and ultimately became the Empress Dowager herself. (Mengyuan Yin & Honghong Zhou 2019, 83)

Zhen Huan was chosen for the Emperor Yong Zheng’s harem. After entering the palace, She was caught in the fierce infighting between the empress and the concubines. Zhen Huan gradually became a calculating woman in the harem. After helping emperor defeat Consort Hua, Zhen Huan was framed by empress, and she also learned that the emperor liked her only because she looked like her former lover, Empress Chunyuan, who was current empress’s elder sister and was killed by her. After giving birth to her daughter, Zhen Huan chose to leave the palace to have monastic life. Outside the palace, Zhen Huan was taken care of by Yunli, emperor’s younger brother. They fell in love and planed to go far away. However, when the fake news of the death of Yunli came, in order to save Yunli’s child growing in her belly and to rescue her seriously ill father, Zhen Huan designed to make emperor meet her and returned to the palace. She was able to evade the Empress's trap several times and eventually brought her down. However, the emperor detected Zhen Huan's affair with Yunli and ordered Zhen Huan to kill Yunli. Finally, Zhen Huan conspired with Ye Lanyi to commit regicide. Zhen Huan's adopted son ascended to the throne and Zhen Huan was honored as the Empress Dowager.
===''Story of Yanxi Palace''===
In the summer of 2018, the popularity of “Story of Yanxi Palace” directed by Yu Zheng rose sharply, becoming a leader in imperial harem rivalry dramas over the same period with a high range of influence and a high degree of discussion. (Han Mao,Jingru Liu & Zihan Qu 2021, 1) The TV series tells the story of Wei Yingluo, a palace maid, who, with her courage, quick wit, and broad mind, resolved the difficulties in the court and eventually became Consort Ling who helped Emperor Qian Long to realize “the times of prosperity”.

In order to seek the truth about her eldest sister's death, Wei Yingluo entered the Forbidden City as a palace maid. After an investigation, Yingluo confirmed that her sister's death was related to Hong Zhou, emperor’s brother, and is determined to get justice for her sister. The Empress Fucha was worried about Yingluo’s going astray and tried her best to give Yingluo warmth and help. Under the empress' careful tutelage, Yingluo became strong and upright, and put aside her grudges to live a serious life. The unfortunate death of the Empress makes Yingluo misunderstand Emperor Qianlong. The two went from mutual hostility to understanding and supporting each other. It was only before Yingluo's death that she informed Qianlong of Empress Fucha's deathbed entrustment that she hoped Yingluo accompany Qianlong and assist him to be a wise ruler. In the sixtieth year of the Qianlong era, the Qianlong emperor proclaimed Yong Yan, son of Yingluo, as the crown prince, while posthumously crowning the crown prince's mother Yingluo as Empress Xiao Yi. Yingluo finally used her whole life to fulfill her promise to Empress Fucha.
===Conclusion===
Compared to other costume dramas, imperial harem rivalry drama accomplishes a shift in narrative subject by deeply portraying female characters, with the theme of conflict shifting from the male, who had communicate power, to the female. Moreover, the main line of love in previous female dramas is diluted. The love between men and women is subjected to the main line of harem rivalry, and the love narrative is often used to highlight the image of female characters and as the reason for their character transformation. In addition, the portrayal of female characters in imperial harem rivalry drama has become more self-aware, and women are mostly no longer the appendages of men, but are equal to or even free from men, pursuing their own independence and having a sense of subjectivity.(Hu Ying 2021, 26)

In today's society, people need more pressure release and emotional catharsis, and imperial harem rivalry dramas meets their need.(Wang Maoru 2020, 178) In imperial harem rivalry drama, everyone viewer can find what they need: Academic success, the spread of information, survival in the workplace, power struggles, handsome men and beautiful women, etc.( Xiaoming LUO 2014, 178) This is the main reason of the success of imperial harem rivalry dramas.
===References===
王思齐.(2020).宫斗剧火爆的原因研判(硕士学位论文,海南大学).https://kns-cnki-net-443.webvpn.blcu.edu.cn/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD202101&filename=1020748194.nh

王茂入.(2020).《延禧攻略》对女性观众的心理满足分析. 卫星电视与宽带多媒体(05),178-179.

胡颖.(2021).清朝宫斗剧的类型化叙事研究(硕士学位论文,南京师范大学).https://kns-cnki-net-443.webvpn.blcu.edu.cn/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD202202&filename=1022405090.nh

Mengyuan Yin & Honghong Zhou.(2019).A Research on Mock Politeness —— A Case Study of the Legend of Zhen Huan..(eds.)Proceedings of the 5th Annual International Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development (SSCHD 2019)(pp.).Atlantis Press.

Han Mao,Jingru Liu & Zihan Qu.(2021).Chinese Traditional Aesthetics in Qing Palace Drama*-Take “Story of Yanxi Palace” as an example. E3S Web of Conferences. doi:10.1051/E3SCONF/202123605082.

Xiaoming LUO.(2014).The Impervious Zhen Huan. Frontiers of Literary Studies in China(3). doi:10.3868/s010-003-014-0026-1.
===Terms and Expressions===
imperial harem rivalry drama宫斗剧

War and Beauty金枝欲孽

Empresses in the Palace甄嬛传

Forbidden City紫禁城

Empress Dowager皇太后

Story of Yanxi Palace延禧攻略
===Questions===
1. When did the art form of imperial harem rivalry dramas establish?
A.2002 B.2003 C.2004 D. 2005

2. Which TV drama pushed imperial harem rivalry dramas to the peak?

A.War and Beauty B.Empresses in the Palace C.Story of Yanxi Palace D.Ruyi's Royal Love in the Palace

3. Compared to other costume dramas, What characteristics does imperial harem rivalry drama have?

A.A shift in narrative subject by deeply portraying female characters, with the theme of conflict shifting from the male, who had communicate power, to the female. B.The love between men and women is subjected to the main line of harem rivalry. C.The portrayal of female characters in imperial harem rivalry drama has become more self-aware D.All of above

4.What’s the main reason of the success of imperial harem rivalry dramas?

A. People need more pressure release and emotional catharsis, and imperial harem rivalry dramas meets their need. B.The clothes in imperial harem rivalry dramas are beautiful C.The actors of imperial harem rivalry dramas are famous.
===Answers===
Correct answers are:

1.C

2.B

3.D

4.A

==202270081705 马明宇 Ma Mingyu 日语笔译(Japanese translation)==
==The development of Chinese Animation==
<center>马明宇Ma Mingyu, 202270081705</center>
===Abstract===
Chinese animation started in the 1920s, inspired by French, German, Russian and mostly American productions. After decades of development, many excellent animations have been created, such as The Princess of Iron Fan, The Monkey King, Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother, Calabash Brothers and so on. Some of these have become household names and a symbol of Chinese culture.
===Key Words===
China, animation, development
===题目===
中国动画发展历程
===摘要===
中国动画起源于20世纪20年代,其灵感来自于法国、德国、俄罗斯和美国的大多数作品。经过几十年的发展，中国动画产业制造出许多优秀的动画作品，如《铁扇公主》、《大闹天宫》、《小蝌蚪找妈妈》、《葫芦兄弟》等等，其中一些作品已经家喻户晓，成为中国文化的一种象征。
===关键词===
中国，动画，发展
===I.The Enlightenment Period of Chinese Animation===
The period of germination and exploration of Chinese animation is 1922 to 1945. As early as 1918, American animation films landed on the Chinese mainland one after another with Shanghai as the center, which made the Chinese people in the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society at that time amazed by the strange animations. In the following 20 years, a group of people with lofty ideals represented by the Wan Brothers made great efforts to explore and learn with the goal of "creating Chinese own animations," becoming the founder of Chinese animations. In 1926, the Wan brothers created the Uproar in the Studio which had a great impact in the world. And in 1935, they made another great achievement by producing China 's first audio animation, The Camel Dance. Then, in 1941, under the influence of the American animation Snow White, the first large-scale animation of China, Princess Iron Fan, was produced, which was the fourth large-scale animation after the American animations Snow White, Lilliput and Pinocchio in the world film history, indicating that the animation level of China at that time was close to the leading level in the world. Unfortunately, the Chinese society was in turmoil at that time, and the new thing of animation did not spread to the mainland of the motherland, but could only be seen in big cities like Shanghai. Therefore, it was impossible for Chinese animation to form an industrialized development in that era. It was just a "novelty" at the time. With the outbreak of the Pacific War, the Wan brothers were forced to interrupt the animation creation, Chinese animation of the Enlightenment period has been rushed to an end. (Li Junda, 2012,5,100; Qu Huili, and Su Jianing, 2008,182; Wen Ting Fang, Po- Hsien Lin, and Rungtai Lin, 2017, 27)

===II.The Growth Period of Chinese Animation===
The growth of Chinese animation has experienced two periods of stable development and initial prosperity.
From 1946 to 1965, it was the stable development period of Chinese animation. On October 1, 1949, the People's Republic of China declared its establishment. Before this, the puppet animation "The Emperor Dream" and "Go after an easy prey" produced by the Northeast Film Studio laid the foundation for the development of animation after the founding of the People's Republic of China. After a period of time, Chinese animation industry has been considerable development. During the period from 1950 to 1956, Chinese animations mostly used the content of fairy tales in terms of subject matter; in terms of style, they incorporated national characteristics; in terms of technology, they changed from black and white films to color films. There was an initial prosperity of Chinese animation from 1957 to 1965. In 1957, the establishment of Shanghai Animation Film Studio made China the first professional factory to independently produce art films, and Chinese animation entered a prosperous period of development. At this time, the animation has reached an unprecedented level in art and technical quality. Many animations have won awards in international film festivals, such as the classic blockbuster "The Monkey King," which has made the Chinese people proud. At that time, Tezuka Osamu, revered as the "God of Japanese Manga", made a special trip to Shanghai Animation Film Studio to learn from Wan Laiming, the "father of Chinese animation". Chinese animation has formed a school of Chinese animation recognized by the world. During this period, China's animation paper-cut, origami, ink and other colorful forms of creation. In particular, ink animation was a must at that time. In July 1961, Shanghai Animation Film Studio successfully produced China's first ink animation "Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother," which declared the success of the first Chinese ink animation. This production technology won the first prize of scientific and technological achievements of the Ministry of Culture and the second prize of National Scientific and Technological Invention Award. It can be seen that there were not only many works of Chinese animations at that time, but also a lot of high-quality animations.(Li Junda, 2012,5,101; Feng Guiyun, 2021, 1)

===III.The Period of Stagnation and Recovery of Chinese Animation===
From 1966 to 1976, China experienced the unprecedented "the Cultural Revolution." This period can be called the "Ice Age" in the history of China's animation development. In 1967, 1969, 1970 and 1971, all animation manufacturers in the country "stopped production and started a revolution."
Since the end of 1978, China has entered a new period of Reform and Opening-up. In the first ten years, a number of new animation production departments emerged, which changed the situation that Shanghai Animation Film Studio stood out. A total of 219 animations were produced nationwide, producing a number of excellent and beautiful films representing the highest level of Chinese animation, such as Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King, The Legend of Sealed Book and so on. At the same time, it also produced TV animations and animation series for the first time, such as Calabash Brothers, Dirty King Adventure, Black cat Sheriff, The story of any lift and so on. Because of the wider subject matter, profound content, sharp allegory and derogatory criticism of the current malpractices, the social influence and international reputation of animation in this period also jumped greatly and won extensive praise. In the decade after the 1990s, Chinese animation continued the fruits of its recovery. Although this period has Lotus Lantern, Shuke and Beita, Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat, The big head son and little head father, Haier Brothers and other excellent works, but not much innovation in style. Chinese animation has embarked on an alternative path of "animation is what children watch".(Li Junda, 2012,5,101; Rolf Giesen，2014, 89)

===References===
1. 曲慧丽,and 宿佳宁."浅谈中国动漫的历史与发展." 今日科苑 .24(2008):182.

2. 李俊达."试论中国动漫产业的发展." 中共青岛市委党校.青岛行政学院学报 .05(2012):100-104.

3. Wen Ting Fang, Po-Hsien Lin & Rungtai Lin, Western vs. Eastern: A Reflective Research on the Development of Chinese Animation, Graduate School of Creative Industry Design, National Taiwan University of Arts, New Taipei City, Taiwan, 2017, 25-36

4. Feng Guiyun, The history of Chinese animation, from groundbreaking "Havoc in Heaven" to crappy-looking "Kung Fu Mulan", Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, 2021

5. Rolf Giesen，Chinese Animation, A History and Filmography, 1922-2012, Jefferson： McFarland, 2014

===Terms and Expressions===
Uproar in the Studio 《大闹画室》

The Camel Dance 《骆驼献舞》

Princess Iron Fan 《铁扇公主》

The Emperor Dream 《皇帝梦》

Go after an easy prey 《瓮中捉鳖》

The Monkey King 《大闹天宫》

Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother 《小蝌蚪找妈妈》

Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King 《哪吒闹海》

The Legend of Sealed Book 《天书奇谭》

Calabash Brothers 《葫芦兄弟》

Dirty King Adventure 《邋遢大王历险记》

Black cat Sheriff 《黑猫警长》

The story of any lift 《阿凡提的故事》

Lotus Lantern 《宝莲灯》

Shuke and Beita 《舒克和贝塔》

Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat 《蓝皮鼠与大脸猫》

The big head son and little head father 《大头儿子和小头爸爸》

Haier Brothers 《海尔兄弟》

===Questions===
1. What was the first large-scale animation in China, which indicated that China's animation level at that time was close to the world's leading level?

A Uproar in the Studio B The Camel Dance C Princess Iron Fan D The Emperor Dream

2. In the 1960s, there was a world-renowned classic animation blockbuster in China. What is it?

A The Monkey King B Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother C Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King D The Legend of Sealed Book

3. Which of the following animations indicate that Chinese animation has embarked on an alternative path of "animation is what children watch"?

A Shuke and Beita B Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat C The big head son and little head father D Haier Brothers

===Answers===
Correct answers are:

1. C

2. A

3. ABCD

==202270081646 彭琦 Peng Qi 英语笔译(English translation)==

==Impact of Chinglish on standard English==
<center>彭琦Peng Qi,202270081646</center>
===Abstract===
English is one of the major common languages in the world. With the development of economic globalization, more and more people are learning and using English for communication, and in this process, Chinese English has gradually emerged, which has led to many ludicrous incidents in the process of foreign communication in China. This paper discusses the concept of Chinglish, its causes, and its impact on standard English, and also analyses measures to reduce the emergence of Chinglish in order to provide a reference for English learners.
===Key Words===
Chinglish, Impact, Standard English

===Introduction===
With the development of the times, English has become one of the ways of communication in the world, and learning English has become one of the compulsory courses in China. However, many people, in the process of learning English, will have the problem of Chinglish due to the influence of the Chinese language, which affects their subsequent English learning. what's more important is that it lays a great impact on today's standard English in its development.

===Cause of Chinglish===
Chinese English is the English of Chinese learners who, in the process of learning and using English, are disturbed by their mother tongue, their culture and their communicative habits, as well as their limited English proficiency, and have to combine English phrases according to their own subjective imagination, thus appearing in English that does not conform to the standard English expressions or communicative style. The degree of error also depends on the level of English learners and the difficulty of the communicative content. This phenomenon has been studied in the past and the theory of negative transfer of language and culture has been used to explain the reasons for the production of Chinglish. First of all, it is due to the interference of native language habits. The second is the clamping down of Chinese communication styles, behavioural habits, ways of thinking and social codes of conduct; the third is that the learners' English is so poor that they have to make up random English sentences to express themselves. If we look at this issue from multiple perspectives, we may have a better understanding of it.1. Chinese English is not a standardized language system that learners seek, but a linguistic error in learning English. 2. The errors in Chinese English vary from person to person, depending on the depth of content, and can be changed through learning and self-reflection. From a certain point of view, Chinese English is a transition from Chinese to standard English, often playing the role of an interlanguage.3. Many errors are caused by a poor command of English and learners generally adopt English words, Chinese idioms and grammar in a haphazard manner.As they improve their English, these phenomena will be greatly reduced.4. Because of their unfamiliarity with Western means of communication, Chinese people often make communicative mistakes in their foreign interactions. For example, they speak in an "indecent manner" (Chinese is decent, but the direct translation into English is indecent), and their speech and behaviour are often impulsive.5. As Chinese English is mainly a kind of language disorder of English learners, this kind of language error will gradually decrease as the learners' English level improves. Therefore, Chinese English is a trial-and-error phenomenon in the learning process of Chinese people learning English, and it can be corrected and improved.

===Linguistic Impact on standard English===
There are major differences between Chinese and English. As a non-formal form of language, Chinese vocabulary is mainly monosyllabic and diphthongic, and the grammatical components of Chinese expressions cannot be expressed in accordance with morphological transformations, which is different from the regularisation of English. As a product of the fusion of the two languages, Chinglish has the linguistic characteristics of Chinese, and its vivid and indirect expressions sometimes can better express emotions. English is an open and inclusive language, and in the context of economic globalisation, the absorption and borrowing of Chinese by English has become an inevitable trend. Chinese English expressions need to be tested over a long period of time and by users in practice, so that they can be accepted as having a positive impact on the development of the vocabulary and expressions of modern English, and that the positive impact will become more pronounced as time goes on. The emergence and development of Chinese-English will contribute significantly to the acceptance of Modern English and will increase the enthusiasm of users as they will not need to follow excessive rules in their practice. At the same time, the emergence of a Chinese-English vocabulary will enrich the vocabulary of modern languages and contribute to the internationalisation of modern English.

===Cultural Impact on today's English===
The further rise of Chinese English on the agenda has to do with the large number of foreigners coming to China to work, live and travel. The most influential Chinese English is that found on signs in public places and on restaurant menus, most of which have been photographed by foreigners on the internet and appear in pictures with text in their thousands. For example, "Please take good personal luggage" is written as "Please take good personal luggage" and "First under after on, take a civilised ride" as "First under after on, take a civilised ride". First under after on,take riding with civility". The English translations of the bilingual signs in many metro stations, tourist attractions, restaurants and other public places were initially only for the sake of completeness, and some of them were just taken from dictionaries or turned out with software like Google Translate, and not many people noticed them. Surprisingly, most foreigners don't hate Chinese English, and quite a few genuinely enjoy it. Perhaps due to the encouragement of their foreign friends, for some time now many Chinese have started to create their own English words and sentences in their own way, such as Smilence, a 'self-created compound word' like Brangelina (the joint name of Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie). There are also words that translate playful words from Chinese to create a misplaced and amusing effect, such as "We two who and who? If you want money, I have no. If you want life, I have one.", and "American Chinese not enough". The Xinhua News Agency reported that this was "Chinese witticisms enriching the English language" - and it was an innovative form of Chinese English.
The Global Language Monitor (GLM), based in Texas, USA, has given Chinglish a global perspective and a high rating from the perspective of English language development. Since 2005, Chinglish has been ranked as one of the top ten words that have influenced the world, and GLM believes that Chinglish is driving a profound change in the English language, with a large number of Chinese words entering the English language as the most significant source of new vocabulary, up to 20%. Each year they select the most popular Chinese words of the year, such as "No Noising" ("Quiet, please" in authentic English), "Question Authority" ("Information Booth" in authentic English), and "Information Booth"), the 2008 Deformed Man Toilet, the Airline Pulp According to GLM, Chinese is surprisingly complex and rich in its ability to produce and accept new words, and Chinese English is a "welcome mixture".

===Conclusions===
Chinese-English refers to English with Chinese phonological, semantic, grammatical and pragmatic features, and is a country-specific variant of English with Chinese characteristics. Its words are usually produced in five ways: phonetic, transliteration, phonetic-phonetic combination, phonetic-phonetic affixation and semantic regeneration, all more or less "Anglicised" to some extent. Chinese English is a reality and a contribution to English itself; it not only enriches the content of English, but also expands its sphere of influence. In recent years, Chinese English has become very popular in China and is beginning to make its way into the English-speaking world. The famous British linguist Mr David Kristel has pointed out that with the rapid development of the Chinese economy, Chinese English is bound to have more impact on Standard English.

===References===
1. 杜争鸣. 中国英语问题及其它[J ]. 西安外国语学院学报 ,1998 ,(3) :7 - 119.
2. Jiang , Yajun. Chinglish and China English [J ]. English To2 day , 1995 :16 :3 - 3
3. 金惠康. 中国英语与中式英语讨论[J]. 广东技术师范学院学报, 2003(5):5.
4. 韩威. 中式英语的融入对现代英语发展的影响[J]. 语文课内外, 2018.
5. 琼·平卡姆. The translator's guide to Chinglish[M]. 外语教学与研究出版社, 2000.
6. Zhuang Y . Guard Against Chinglish[J]. Chinese Translators Journal, 2000.

===Questions===
1. Do you know any typical Chinese English?

2. What does GLM stand for?

===Answers===
1. Good good study，day day up; “We two who and who？”（咱俩谁跟谁？）;“If you want money,I have no. If you want life,I have one.”（要钱没有，要命一条）;“American Chinese not enough”（美中不足）....

2. 全球语言监测机构(Global Language Monitor)

==Traditional Revolutionary Songs in China==
<center>漆羿鑫Qi Yixin,202270081647</center>
===Abstract===
Rising in the revolutionary war period, traditional revolutionary songs in China, or "red Song", mainly focusing on praising the party and the country, told the difficult course of the revolution, as well as the heroic deeds of the predecessors. It expressed the deep feelings of the majority of people for the motherland, and described the Chinese nation's confidence in social undertakings to overcome difficulties.
===Key Words===
traditional revolutionary songs, artistic features, current value
=== Introduction===
Traditional revolutionary songs are a political and social phenomenon peculiar to socialist countries, and particularly prosperous in China. It is clear that they are inspired by popular folksongs (De Sales, A. 2003, 7). Their core theme is to sing songs to praise the motherland, the proletarian revolution and the Communist Party. With a strong political orientation, it contains a profound ideology, specifically, reflecting the inherent spiritual needs of proletarian revolution and socialist construction (雷亚林 2019, 63).

===History of Traditional Revolutionary Songs===
The wide range of red songs included revolutionary songs from the Soviet Union, translated into Chinese, as well as Chinese red songs dedicated to the founding fathers of the new China, postludes, military songs for improving morale, and theme songs or interludes from revolutionary movies and opera (Li, S., & Yan, F. 2020, 3). The traditional revolutionary songs started with the May 4th Movement, gradually developed in the First Revolutionary Civil War, reached a certain scale in the Second Revolutionary Civil War, became mature during the War of Resistance Against Japan and the in the Third Revolutionary Civil War, and performed well in the period of socialist revolution and construction. Traditional revolutionary songs are closely related to the tide of the new democratic revolution, socialist revolution and construction led by the CPC, and record many unforgettable events, history, characters and stories (达晖 2009, 1).

===Artistic Features of Traditional revolutionary songs===
Lyrics embraces ideology, but they reflect the time when they are written (Howard, K. 2020, 18). Musically, traditional revolutionary songs have the characteristics, such as beautiful melody, simplicity and refinement, each of which is produced and sung in the specific revolutionary life or production practice. Because the traditional revolutionary songs directly reflected the spiritual outlook of the specific people at that time, the emotions contained in them seemed simple, touching, sincere and moving, especially those that eulogized the motherland, the people, and the party (雷亚林 2019, 63).

Traditional revolutionary songs vary by period. They emerged and developed with the proletarian revolution and socialist production. In different historical periods, the content, feelings and ideas conveyed are quite different, leading to a strong sense of the times for traditional revolutionary songs. For example, Guerrilla Songs(游击队歌) in the revolutionary war years reflected the people's mental state during the war, while My Motherland, The Moon of Lunar 15th, and Bless the Motherland in the socialist construction period showed the people's spiritual outlook in the process of production and construction (雷亚林 2019, 63).

===The Value of Traditional Revolutionary songs in Contemporary Society===
Traditional revolutionary songs help young people form correct values. The advent of the Internet era has enriched the lives of young people, but it has also led many people astray. Traditional revolutionary songs inherit the ideological spirit of the revolutionary ancestors, and their ideas, glory are also of great significance to the growth of young people and the rectification of social ethos （张正雨 2021, 100-101）. The list excitingly goes on—March Song(长征之歌) about the Long March; Guerrilla Song(游击队歌) of the Anti-Japanese War; I Am a Soldier of the early liberation period; Spring Story(春天的故事), On the Field of Hope(在希望的田野上) about the reform and opening up. The content described in the lyrics of traditional revolutionary songs in each period can help guide young people to form correct values to varying degrees, and also help to inherit red culture in modern society.

Traditional revolutionary songs can stimulate people's patriotic enthusiasm. The tragic images depicted in the traditional revolutionary songs can bring people back to that special era, help people better understand the history of that year, and then deeply understand that countless people with lofty ideals just shed their blood to realize the ideal in their hearts: defeat all enemies, and the people become masters of the country（张正雨 2021, 100-101）. As the "Heroic Battle Song" sings, "The hero leaps out of the trench, breaks the sky with lightning, falls into a single block, and the sky collapses with one hand..." The popularity of traditional revolutionary songs can make the people deeply feel the noble spirit of their ancestors, and the value of today's peace, and deepen their understanding and recognition of the national spirit.

Traditional revolutionary songs can inspire people's belief in innovation. The older generation of revolutionaries fought hard for a long time, and finally drove away all the aggressors, so that today's New China came into being. Today's people still need to inherit the revolutionary spirit and write more brilliant chapters through continuous efforts to live up to the efforts of the martyrs. As an indispensable part of national culture, traditional revolutionary songs play an extremely important role（张正雨 2021, 100-101）. Here are some examples—Hands Watering Flowers of Happiness（众手浇灌幸福花）, Descendants of the Drago（龙的传人）. Singing traditional revolutionary songs can help people better understand the traditional revolution and make people realize that no matter what kind of hardships they face, they can overcome difficulties as long as they keep firm faith and actively explore solutions to problems.

===Conclusion===
"With the continuous evolution of human society, in addition to the dialectical movement of material life, the demand for spiritual life also changes," said Marx. The outbreak of the epidemic leads to more people pessimistic about the future, but the new situation still requires high morale to move forward. Therefore, the article discusses the history, artistic characteristics and contemporary value of traditional revolutionary songs. Hopefully, it can promote the spread of traditional revolutionary songs and enrich the spiritual life of Chinese people.
===References===
[1] De Sales, A. (2003). Remarks on revolutionary songs and iconography. European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 7.

[2] Li, S., & Yan, F. (2020). Searching for Red Songs: The politics of revolutionary nostalgia in contemporary China. The China Quarterly, 3.

[3] Howard, K. (2020). Songs for" great Leaders": Ideology and Creativity in North Korean Music and Dance. Oxford University Press, 18.

[4] Wang, Q. (2012). Red songs and the main melody: Cultural nationalism and political propaganda in Chinese popular music. Perfect Beat, 13(2), 127.

[5] Dahui达晖.(2009).中国红色革命歌曲的伦理审视[Ethical Survey of Chinese Red Revolutionary Songs].Hunan: Hunan Normal University湖南师范大学.

[6] Lei Yalin雷亚林.(2019).红色歌曲的传唱与历史意义研究[Study on the Singing and Historical Significance of Red Songs].艺术评鉴Art Evaluation(09)63-64.

[7] Zhang Zhengyu张正雨.(2021).论红色歌曲的传承与发展[On the Inheritance and Development of Red Songs]大众文艺Popular Literature and Art(08)100-101.

=== Terms and Expressions===
May 4th Movement 五四运动
the Second Revolutionary Civil War 第二次国内革命战争
the War of Resistance Against Japan 抗日战争
new democratic revolution 新民主主义革命
===Questions===
1. What is true about the traditional revolutionary songs?
A. being peculiar to socialist countries.
B. containing profound ideology.
C. praising good behaviors in everyday life.
D. reflecting the inherent spiritual needs of proletarian revolution.
2. Which of the following songs are traditional revolutionary songs?
A. Guerrilla Song.
B. I Believe.
C. March Song.
D. Spring Story.
3. When did traditional revolutionary songs became mature?
A. the May 4th Movement.
B. the First Revolutionary Civil War.
C. the War of Resistance Against Japan.
D. the Third Revolutionary Civil War.
4. The Value of traditional revolutionary songs in contemporary society includes:
A. inspire people's belief in innovation.
B. help young people form correct values.
C. increase material wealth for holders.
D. stimulate people's patriotic enthusiasm.
=== Answers===
Correct answers are:
1.ABD 2.ACD 3.CD 4.ABD

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=202270081643 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)=
==Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements in Animation==
<center>刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu, 202270081643.</center>
===Abstract===
Originating in the 1920s, Chinese animation has always been committed to creating a road with national characteristics and adhering to the tradition of national painting. By exploring the connection between animation creation and Chinese traditional cultural elements, this chapter mainly analyzes the application, inheritance and innovation of Chinese traditional cultural elements in Chinese animation.
===Key Words===
Chinese Traditional Cultural; Chinese Animation
===动画中的中国传统文化元素===
===摘要===
中国动画起源于20世纪20年代，始终致力于走具有民族特色的道路，坚持民族绘画传统。本章通过探索中国动画创作与中国传统文化元素之间的联系，主要分析了中国传统文化元素在中国动画中的运用、传承与创新。
===关键词===
中国传统文化，中国动画
===Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements===
“Chinese elements” can be roughly divided into three parts. The first is the inherent elements of China, such as China’s territory, China’s race, China’s climate and so on. The second is the elements of traditional Chinese culture, such as Chinese calligraphy, Chinese knot, Beijing Opera, shadow play, martial arts, etc. The third is China’s modern cultural elements, such as the Beijing Olympic spirit, the culture of China’s famous enterprises and so on. Chinese traditional cultural elements are a very important part of Chinese elements, which are treasures handed down from five thousand years in China.
===Chinese traditional cultural elements in animation===
In its early development process, Chinese animation actively studied foreign advanced animation technology and art, and greatly improved its animation skills. Chinese animation style, therefore, was inevitably influenced by other countries. In order to explore the national style construction of Chinese animation, Chinese animation artists have drawn nourishment from Chinese traditional culture. The culture of the Chinese nation has a long history and profound cultural heritage, which is an inexhaustible treasure for artists of all artistic categories. The classic elements of traditional Chinese culture, such as traditional Chinese painting, paper cutting, shadow play, calligraphy, Peking opera and so on, not only represent the traditional spirit of the Chinese nation, but also represent a cultural symbol of the Chinese nation in the world. It is the core of the construction of national animation with Chinese characteristics.
====The Monkey King====
The Monkey King, created in 1961—1964, is our first color animated feature film. The role modeling, scene setting, color expression and other aspects of The Monkey King are borrowed from Chinese temple murals, temple art, ancient paintings, folk New Year pictures, opera masks and other traditional forms of artistic expression with Chinese characteristics. Take the image of Sun Wukong in The Monkey King as an example. The image of Sun Wukong in The Monkey King is loyal to the image description of Sun Wukong in the literary original Journey to the West, and many excellent traditional elements are added. On the whole, Sun Wukong in the film is long-limbed and lean, but still clever and vigorous. His has a slender waist, and his limbs are beautifully curved. He can carry himself lightly. The lines of the image are refined like fine brush painting, which makes Sun Wukong look like the Buddha image in Dunhuang fresco. The facial shape of Sun Wukong is morphed from the elements of Chinese opera facial makeup. Among the types of Peking Opera facial makeup, Sun Wukong’s facial makeup belongs to the animal shape of pictographic face, that is, the facial pattern evolved from the pictographic pattern of monkey to represent the character’s own attributes before incarnation.
====Calabash Brothers====
Calabash Brothers is actually a paper-cut animation, which is a form of art film combining traditional techniques such as Chinese folk paper-cut and shadow puppetry. Chinese paper-cut has appeared since the early Tang Dynasty. By hollowing out the paper, it can give people a sense of visual penetration and artistic enjoyment. Shadow play is mainly showed by the leather products which are made by folk artists with hand, knife carving and painted. Behind a white curtain, artists manipulate the puppets while telling stories with popular local tunes, which is called “shadow play”. Paper-cut animation involves folk paper-cut and absorbs the characteristics of shadow play in movement and shape. It uses flat paper to create animated characters, props, backgrounds, etc. A character is often a combination of multiple parts. The movement of each part of the static picture was slowly adjusted by hand, and the various movements of the characters were shot one by one. Such a method is what we call “stop-motion animation”. One by one, the flexible calabash brothers are put out various actions on the painted background pattern, and then photos are taken respectively, and each grid is connected into a cartoon. Although each episode is only a few minutes long, it took two years to shoot thousands of scenes.
Chinese paper-cut cartoons also include Monk Pig Eats Watermelon, Fisherboy, Ginseng Baby, Golden Conch, etc. They are all very excellent animated works.
====Big Fish & Begonia====
The character design of Big Fish & Begonia has a strong Oriental classical charm. There are more than 100 characters in the animation. The creativity and characters’ names refer to a large number of ancient books and allusions. Each character has its own source of creation, such as Chi Songzi, Bai Ze, etc., many of which are inspired by the Classic of Mountains and Seas, the Search of the Gods, the Book of Songs, etc. In the image and costume design of the protagonist Chun, this animation uses the school uniforms, short hair with straight bangs, clothing style of the Republic of China period. Chun as the heir of the birth family, masters the growth of begonia flowers. He is strong and persistent. Although he looks cold and serious in appearance, he is delicate, grateful, responsible and compassionate inside. The image of the character Kun, when he turns into a big fish, is also designed according to the description in A Happy Excursion by Chuang Tzu.
===Conclusion===
The ingenious application of Chinese traditional cultural elements in Chinese animation not only shows the spiritual significance and value of animation works, but also reflects the profound value of Chinese traditional culture behind it. Most Chinese animations have bright national styles. Only in this way can Chinese animation works find their own style and keep moving forward, and Chinese traditional culture is constantly explored in this process, and revitalized through re-creation.
===References===
[1]100 Years of Chinese Animation: Role of traditional culture in development of the industry[J]. M2 Presswire,2022.
[2]Jian Luo. Research on the Characteristics of Chinese Animation[C]//.Proceedings of 2017 4th International Conference on Literature,Linguistics and Arts(ICLLA 2017).,2017:172-175.
[3]Qing Xu,Min Wang. Discussions into Necessity of Folk Art Modeling Elements in Chinese Animation Creation[C]//.Proceedings of 2016 3rd International Conference on Economic,Business Management and Education Innovation(EBMEI 2016 V54).,2016:353-357.
[4]梁凯迪.壁画元素在中国动画中美学质感的突破——以《姜子牙》二维片段为例[J].流行色,2022(10):124-126.
[5]刘康.传统文化价值观在中国动画电影中的现代表达[J].明日风尚,2022(22):25-28.
[6]王晶,冯学勤.中华美学呈现是中国动画成熟的标志[N].中国社会科学报,2022-11-16(009).

===Terms and Expressions===
The Monkey King 《大闹天宫》
Calabash Brothers 《葫芦兄弟》
Big Fish & Begonia 《大鱼海棠》
Chinese opera facial makeup 中国戏曲脸谱
paper-cut animation 剪纸动画
shadow play 皮影戏

===Questions===
1. What paper-cut animations are mentioned in the article?
.
2. Please name at least three traditional Chinese cultures that you know.
.
3. Which three animation are mainly described in this chapter?
.
4. In the animation The Monkey King, which traditional Chinese cultural element is Sun Wukong's face morphed from?
.
===Answers===
Correct answers are:
.
1. Calabash Brothers, Monk Pig Eats Watermelon, Fisherboy, Ginseng Baby and Golden Conch.
.
2. Chinese calligraphy, Beijing Opera, shadow play, martial arts, etc..
.
3. The Monkey King, Calabash Brothers and Big Fish & Begonia.
.
4. Chinese opera facial makeup elements.

=202270081644 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting 英语笔译(English translation)=
==The Comparison of Chinese and Western Dream Interpretation Theory==
<center>刘婷婷 Liu Tingting, 202270081644</center>
===Abstract===
Everybody dreams. Though it is a common phenomenon during our sleep, different cultures have different theories to interpret it. Besides, every theory of dreams carries a country’s unique culture. Dreams may can foretell something, or may not, which depends on people’s attitude. Therefore, through comparing Chinese and Western interpretations of dream can make us know what are they based on and their opinions of dreams, and also their attitudes of life.
=== Key Words ===
Huangdi Neijing, The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams, The Interpretation of Dreams, dream

=== 题目 ===
中西方释梦理论的对比

=== 摘要 ===
每个人都会做梦。尽管在日常生活中这是一个常见现象，但是不同的文化会有不同的理论对其进行解析。此外，每一种释梦理论的背后都有着该国独特文化的支撑。梦是否可以预示未来，这取决于人们的态度。因此，将中西方释梦理论进行对比，可以使我们知道它们的理论依据、人们对于梦的看法，以及人们对生活的态度。

=== 关键词 ===
《黄帝内经》，《周公解梦》，《梦的解析》，梦

=== Introduction ===
Dream, a common physiological phenomenon, happens during our sleep. It is a mixture of real and unreal, attracting many scholars through all ages to make researches on it. In China, The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams and Huangdi Neijing are two famous books in dream’s interpretation. “Dating back to the Zhou Dynasty, dream officers gave a great push to dream classification. In Zhouli Chunguan, dream officers divided dreams into six types by observing the positions of the sun, the moon and the stars.” (王健 2012，217) As for Huangdi Neijing in the pre-Qin period, it related dreams to people’s the five internal organs and Yi Yang, etc.
For the West, the most famous book of dream interpretation is The Interpretation of Dreams, which was written by Sigmund Freud. This book is based on Artemidorus’ book—Interpretation of dreams, and combines with Freud’s clinical experience. Whereafter, many masters in psychoanalysis like Carl Gustav Jung and Alfred Adler have shown up, starting to study dreams from different perspectives.

=== The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams ===
The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams is a fortune-telling book according to people’s dream. Because it is of uncertain day, so some would be doubtful for its existence. After reading the remark of Chang Feng-i, Roberto Keh Ong “tentatively proposes that the Chou-kung chieh meng was already in existence, and quite popular at that, in the sixteenth century.” (Roberto Keh Ong 1981, 6) Since the beginning sentence of the book is “夜有纷纷梦，神魂预吉凶”, “This sets the tone of the text, which means that those good fortune or bad fortune symbolized by dream are omens presented by spirits or ghosts.” (贠培基 2012, 46) But what is affirmative is that the book has a great influence in China, providing the basis of dream interpretation and enlightening people to focus on dream.
Zhouli Chunguan divides dreams into six different types, they are 正、噩、思、悟、喜、惧, indicating that how the dreams come into existence. “正梦”—an ordinary dream without causing any pulse; “噩梦”—a stunning dream; “思梦”—a dream that misses others or thinking about something; “悟梦”—a daydream; “喜梦”—a dream that makes you feel happy; “惧梦”—a horrible dream that makes people frightened.
In the Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams, there are four methods of dream interpretation:
 The method of Zhi Meng（直梦法）.
 The method of Ce Zi（测字法）.
 The method of Xie Yin（谐音法）.
 The method of Yi Xiang（意象法）.

=== Huangdi Neijing ===
Huangdi Neijing is the first medical book in China, which contains Lingshu and Suwen these two sections. “This book uses Huangdi as a part of its name, which is finished between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Qin and Han Dynasties. It is not finished in a short time, an also be done with only one man. It comprehensively summarizes medical achievements before the Qin and Han Dynasties, laying the foundation of theoretical basis of TCM.” (王凤香 2007，23)
Though it is a medical book, it also refers to oneirology, and analyzes the causes of dream, the mechanism of dream formation and the syndrome differentiation and treatment of dream syndrome.
Huangdi Neijing explores the reason why dreams happen in many aspects, and there are six points about it:
 The attack of Liu Yin Xie Qi. In TCM, Liu Yin Xie Qi means six pathogenesis cause by eternal stimulus: wind, coldness, heat (often happens in the summer), wetness, dryness, and heat. When failing to adapt to the changeable weathers, people may feel ill and then dreams occur.
 The influence brought by the change of Qiqing. Qiqing refers to seven emotions: happiness, anger, concern, missing, sorrow, scare and fear. Huangdi Neijing reckons that they would happen in dreams, thus their variations in dreams could reflect the physiological and pathological basis of different viscera.
 The dysfunction of viscera.
 The qi of yin and yang in the human body becomes over strong or over weak.
 The state of the body itself.
 Inappropriate treatment.
About the mechanism of dream formation, the book uses these four theories to analyze it: Yin Yang theory, Five-element theory, viscera picture theory and Ying Wei theory.
In terms of the syndrome differentiation and treatment of dream syndrome, Huangdi Neijing takes Yin and Yang as the general principle of dream syndrome differentiation, brings the syndrome differentiation of viscera into the system of dream syndrome differentiation, and carries out the etiological analysis and differentiation. For the treatment of dream syndrome, the book states that one is to implement the general principle of “实则泻之，虚则补之”; and the other one is “合于五诊”.

=== The Interpretation of Dreams ===
The Interpretation of Dreams is a psychological work by Sigmund Freud, a psychologist from Austria and the founder of psychoanalysis. He interprets dreams by many experiments with a rational thinking, and pioneers modern dream interpretation.
In this book, “Freud argues that dreams contain meaningful information about the dreamer’s unfulfilled, unconscious wishes.” (William J. Jenkins 2017, 10) That is to say that in Freud’s perspective, dream represents a wish-fulfilment. And he also uses an example to explain it: “If, in the evening, I eat anchovies, olives, or other strongly salted foods, I am thirsty at night, and therefore I wake. The waking, however, is preceded by a dream, which has always the same content, namely, that I am drinking.” And he draws a conclusion on it: “From this sensation arises the wish to drink, and the dream shows me this wish as fulfilled.” (Sigmund Freud 1999, 25-26)
Therefore, Freud mainly uses psychoanalysis to interpret dreams, which is quite different from Chinese dream interpretation methods. And what is the most different point is that he uses sex to interpret dreams from a perspective of a psychologist, so he presents the famous Oedipus complex and Electra complex in this book.

=== References ===
 Freud, Sigmund. (1999). The Interpretation of Dreams. New York: Oxford University Press.
 Jenkins, W. J. (2017). An Analysis of Sigmund Freud’s The Interpretation of Dreams. London: Macat Library.
 Ong, R. K. (1981). The interpretation of dreams in ancient China. Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
 Tnag Yezhou 汤叶舟. (2015). 以《周公解梦》和《梦的解析》为例研究中西方释梦差异性. [Taking the book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams and The Interpretation of Dreams as examples to study the differences between Chinese and Western dream interpretation.] 文化学刊 Culture Journal, (11):84-86.
 Wang Fengxiang 王凤香. (2007). 黄帝内经梦象研究 [A Study on the dream image of Huangdi Neijing]. 北京中医药大学 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 2007.
 Wang Jian 王健. (2012). 中西方释梦的差异—以《周公解梦》和《梦的解析》为例 [Differences between Chinese and Western Dream Interpretation—A Case study of the book Duke of Zhou Interpreting Dreams and The Interpretation of Dreams]. 北方文学(下半月) Northern Literature, (09):217-218.
 Yun Peiji 贠培基. (2012). 以陈明主编的《周公解梦》为例剖析花样繁多的现代版周公解梦 [Taking Chen Ming's The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams as an example, the modern version of the book Duke of Zhou interprets dreams with various patterns]. 科学与无神论 Science and Atheism, (03):46-49.
 Zhai Shuangqing, Chen Zijie 翟双庆, 陈子杰. (2008). 有关《黄帝内经》梦学理论的总结 [A summary of the dream theory in Huangdi Neijing]. 中华中医药学会第九届内经学术研讨会论文集 Proceedings of the 9th Seminar on Neijing of Chinese Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2008:141-147.

=== Terms and Expressions ===
The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams 《周公解梦》
Zhouli Chunguan 《周礼春官》
Huangdi Neijing 《黄帝内经》
The Interpretation of Dreams 《梦的解析》
TCM 中医
Oneirology 梦学
Yin and Yang 阴阳
Liu Yin Xie Qi 六淫邪气
Qiqing 七情

=== Questions ===
1. How many methods of interpreting dreams in the book Duke of Zhou interprets dreams?
A. One B. Two C. Five D. Four
2. Huangdi Neijing is a __________________.
A. Medical book B. Mystery novel C. short novel D. story book
3. The Interpretation of dreams is written by ___________.
A. Jung Carl Gustav B. Sigmund Freud C. The Duke of Zhou D. Alfred Adler
4. How many kinds of dreams in Zhouli Chunguan?
A. Seven B. Five C. Four D. Six
5. Freud interprets dreams by _____________.
A. Asking for the God B. Psychoanalysis C. the position of the moon and stars D. physical condition

=== Answers ===
Correct answers are:
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. B

==202270081693 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin 英语口译(English interpretation)==

Topic: Translation strategies of English animal idioms

Abstract: Idioms are an indispensable part of language, which is the crystallization of languages, carrying a lot of cultural factors and concentrating in the culture factors, with plenty of idiomatic expression. Throughout the history, animals plays an important role in our life, bringing joys and company to us and become part of family. Therefore, especially in western cultures, there are many English animal idioms, which containing specific cultural meanings. People use different animals to express their feelings and ideas. This paper will first analyze the definition of English animal idioms. Also, the author will talks about some English idioms with classified animals. What’s more, the author will provide some translation strategies in translating those animal idioms.

==202270081645 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 英语笔译(English translation)==
==The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China==
<center>刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 202270081645</center>
===Abstract===
The Imperial examination is a system in which feudal dynasties selected officials and talents through examinations. The Imperial Examination System had a profound impact on ancient China. Therefore, it is very necessary and significant to understand and study the Imperial Examination System. This paper will introduce the origin and development of the Imperial Examination System, describe the types and contents of it in detail, and finally, expound its significance.
===Key Words===
The Imperial examination system, ancient China, history, culture
===题目===
中国古代的科举制度
===摘要===
科举考试是封建王朝通过考试选拔官员和人才的制度。科举制度对中国古代产生了深远的影响。因此，了解和研究科举制度是非常必要和有意义的。本文将介绍科举制度的起源和发展，详细描述科举制度的类型和内容，最后阐述科举制度的意义。
===Introduction===
===Origin===
During the Wei, Jin dynasties, the emperor adopted the method of "Nine-rank system" to select talents. However, the system was controlled by powerful families, and only the children of senior officials could be officials, which led to the solidification of the class and the inability to appoint people on the basis of capability. Whereas, in order to consolidate their rule, the rulers also gradually changed their talent selection. Some contents of the imperial examination had already sprout in the Han Dynasty, but this paper still considers the Sui Dynasty as the real origin. The book ''Datang Xinyu'' wrote by Liu Su said:" Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty changed the Ming and Jin two subjects"(周奇金滢坤, 2022). It was the Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty who changed the examination to regular, held every year, further carried forward, and finally became a clear beginning of the system.
Emperor Yang Jian of Sui dynasty understood the danger of being subject to the high rank and nobility, abolishing the "Nine-rank system". He carried out the system of selecting scholars by subject, and set up state and county schools to test students, and the state could also send talents to the central government for examination and employment. Emperor Yang set up Jinshi Branch, the school students can directly apply for the school, not to the state, county entrance examination, after passing the state, county sent to the central examination(李亚彬, 2020). Sui Dynasty broke through the old rules of the previous dynasties and created a considerable number of new subjects, which started the system of the Tang Dynasty. The standard of selecting talents gradually changed from morality to examination.
===Development===
However, Sui dynasty lasted only thirty-seven years, which meant that the imperial examination system had been introduced in the Sui dynasty but could not be further developed. Therefore, the important task was carried out by the rulers of the Tang dynasty. Tang dynasty attached great importance to the cultivation and selection of talents. After the founding of the Tang dynasty, several generations of rulers put the emphasis on to the imperial examination and took relevant measures. The first emperor of Tang Gaozu Li Yuan put forward the regular date of“every october”to go to the court for examination, and clarified the local pre-examination of the state and county, which is equivalent to the "Provincial Examination" method of later generations. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, greatly expanded the scale of the college, the school cottages and increased the number of students. Wu Zetian set up a military examination. It held by the Ministry of War examiners, mainly to assess students 'military strength. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, poetry and Fu became the main examination content of Jinshi. Also, during his reign, the court admitted many talented people. The method of selecting scholars by poetry and Fu also greatly promoted the prosperity of Tang poetry(王一汕, 2010).
Song Dynasty was also an important period for the development and reform of the imperial examination system. After the development of Tang Dynasty, the imperial examination system of Song Dynasty became mature and complete(邓叶倩, 2019). For one thing, in terms of the form, in Song dynasty, the emperor's personal visit to the palace examination turned into a custom. At the same time, reform measures such as sealing and transcription were taken. Sealing(Mi Feng), that is, the examinee's name, native place and other records on the examination paper sealed up. Transcription is that the palace examination papers will be sent to copy by other people, and then examine the official review. These measures greatly increased the fairness of the examniation, so that more talented and learned people can enter the officialdom, and these reforms even had a profound impact on the modern examination system. However, these measures required a large amount of manpower and material resources, so by the reign of Emperor Yingzong of the Song dynasty, the imperial examination was officially held every three years. For another, as for the content, Song dynasty strengthened the status and importance of Ce Lun in the imperial examination. With the rise of Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty, the ability of thinking also became an important standard for assessment. In the Song Dynasty, the emperors abolished the examination of poetry and Fu, and replaced it with the examination of the meaning, theory and policy of the classics.
Since then, the basic form and content of the imperial examination system tend to be complete. The imperial examination was held every three years, mainly divided into the provincial examination, the metropolitan examination and the palace examination. In the autumn, the provincial examination was held by each state, The first name is Jieyuan. The metropolitan examination was held in the spring of the following year by the Ministry of Rites, the first name will be called Huiyuan. The palace examination was held in the following month and presided over by the emperor. The first name was Zhuangyuan. Getting the first place three times in a row is known as the "the three consecutive Yuan(Lian Zhong San Yuan)", and ancient China has also appeared such talents. Through the layer upon layer selection at district, provincial and national levels, outstanding talents are called “jinshi”. Such elites obtained qualifications to enter the final examination hosted by the emperor, and were conferred different ranks official positions according to their performance. Because of this, the imperial examination system (keju) had become the main way for all civilians to start their official careers (Ho, 1962).
===Completion===
The Yuan dynasty saw an eighty-year suspension of the imperial examinations, which were later restored, but with increasing inequality, mainly to protect the privileges of the Mongols and reduce the number of Han officials. This phenomenon did not change until the establishment of the Ming Dynasty. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the period when the imperial examination system was flourishing, but it was also the period when it was ending.
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the imperial power gradually reached its peak. In order to consolidate the imperial power, the rulers took the imperial examination system as the most important tool to absorb talents. The social atmosphere gradually changed, and many scholars took the imperial examination as their lifelong goal, and "To be a scholar is to be the top of society." became the motto of most scholars at that time.
With the increasing importance of the imperial examination, the emperors carried out a series of reforms on it. First, the imperial examinations in the Ming and Qing dynasties became a huge system with various levels, rules and regulations. In addition to the above-mentioned several types of examinations, there are new types of examinations: the imperial examinations to admit scholars and county examination(Barry O’Sullivan, 2022), a total of five types of examinations. As a result, many people began to study hard for the imperial examination from a very young age, devoting their whole lives to the imperial examination system. The minimum age for the examination was greatly lowered during this period.
In terms of examination content. To further strengthen their rule and control over the people's thoughts, the rulers of the Qing dynasty limited the imperial examinations to stereotyped writing(bagu). The stereotyped writing(bagu) are that the paragraphs written in the examination articles are fixed, and the scope of the examination is also set and limited to the Four Books and Five Classics, and no other ideas are allowed to exist. Under the implementation of this kind of policy, the stereotyped writing fettered the scholar's thought, and the theory of Chengs and Zhu Xi became rigid under the guidance of the imperial examination system. Scholars have spent their whole lives studying the writing of stereotyped writing, lacking understanding of politics and social reality. Intellectuals 'thinking is solidified and they weren’t able to think out of box. Gu Yanwu, the great mind in late Ming dynasty, once said: "The harm of stereotyped writing is equivalent to burning books." From the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the advantages of selecting scholars from stereotyped writing increasingly decreased and the disadvantages gradually increased, which became one of the important factors for the stagnation of national development and the decline of national strength in the late Qing Dynasty.
===End===
In the late Qing Dynasty, due to foreign aggression, China continued to cede territory and pay reparations, and popular discontent ran high. The Qing Dynasty was in serious crisis and emperors wanted to consolidate the rule through reform. Meanwhile, the westernization movement continued to develop, and many western thoughts and ideas spread to China as well(徐云, 2022). Therefore, in order to meet requirements of national development, the content of the imperial examination was constantly adjusted, and the stereotyped writing was gradually abolished. However, the disadvantages of the imperial examination system had been irreversible detrimental and could not become beneficial through reform. Thus, The imperial examination system, frst administered in 605 CE during the Sui dynasty, continued almost uninterrupted until it was finally abandoned in 1905 CE(Barry O’Sullivan, 2022). At this point, the imperial examination system completely withdrew from the stage of history.
===Conclusion===
As a culture formed by the evolution and development of the Chinese civilization for five thousand years, the traditional Chinese culture reflects the characteristics and features of the Chinese nation. As one of the basic components and core elements of traditional Chinese culture, the imperial examination system not only has a significant impact on the history of nearly 1,300 years, but also plays an important role in modern Chinese culture and civil servant examination system.
The 1300 years' imperial examination tradition of selecting officials has given the Chinese nation legitimate reasons and cultural confidence to adhere to the system of selecting talents by examination, but on the basis of adhering to the system, we should carefully study the history and cultural connotation of the imperial examination system, timely update the content standard of selecting talents, so as to provide more profound cultural capital for the great rejuvenation of the contemporary Chinese nation.

===Reference===
[1]O’ Sullivan, Barry, and Liying Cheng. "Lessons from the Chinese imperial examination system." Language Testing in Asia 12.1 (2022): 1-20.
[2]Ho, P., 1962. The Ladder of Success in Imperial China: Aspects of Social Mobility. Columbia University Press.
[3]周奇[Zhou Qi], 金滢坤[Jin Yingkun]."论隋代察举制向科举制的转变."[The transformation from investigation examination system to Imperial Examination System in Sui Dynasty] 人文杂志[''Humanities journal''] .05(2022):129-140.
[4]李亚彬[Li Yabin]."问史——科举制何以终结门阀士族."[A Question of History - Why the Imperial examination system ended the royal families]. 博览群书[''Well Read''] .06(2020):37-41.
[5]王一汕[Wang Yishan]."唐朝科举制与文化繁荣."[The Imperial Examination and cultural Prosperity in Tang Dynasty] 历史学习[''History Learning''] .03(2010):19-20.
[6]邓叶倩[Deng Yeqian]."论中国古代科举制度及其影响." [The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China and its Influence.]汉字文化[''Chinese Character Culture''].14(2019):66+79.
[7]徐云[Xu Yun]."科举制度废除：过程、原因及影响探讨."[The abolition of the Imperial Examination System: A probe into the Process, Causes and Effects.] 今古文创[''Modern and Ancient Literary Creation''] .43(2022):64-66.
===Reference===
The Imperial Examination System 科举制度
Nine-rank system 九品中正制
Datang Xinyu 《大唐新语》
Jinshi 进士
Provincial Examination 乡试
Wu Zetian 武则天
Ministry of War 兵部
Sealing and transcription 弥封和誊录
Neo-Confucianism 儒家理学
Metropolitan examination 会试
Palace examination 殿试
Ministry of Rites 礼部
The three consecutive Yuan (Lian Zhong San Yuan) 连中三元
To be a scholar is to be the top of society 万般皆下品，惟有读书高
the imperial examinations to admit scholars 童试
county examination 院试
stereotyped writing 八股文
The harm of stereotyped writing is equivalent to burning books. 八股之害，甚于焚书
===Questions===
1.When was the imperial examination system abolished？
A.1905 B.1907 C.1904 D.1908
2.What are the types of imperial examinations in Ming and Qing Dynasties?
A.the imperial examinations to admit scholars B.county examination C.provincial examination D.metropolitan examination E.palace examination.
3.What are the reasons for the abolition of stereotyped writing?
===Questions===
Correct answers are：
1.A
2.ABCDE
3. (1) Foreign invasion and compensation caused the Qing Dynasty to fall into crisis. (2) When western ideas were introduced into China, the stereotyped writing was already backward and could not meet the needs of national development. (3) The Qing government's policy was weak and the reform on keju was useless.

==202270081694 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing 英语口译(English interpretation)==
刘雨晴Liu Yuqing, 202270081694

== '''Abstract''' ==

Chinese people attach great importance to family, which makes family an important part of Chinese culture. The traditional family structure in China mainly consists of Joint Family, stem family, and nuclear family. However, along with the profound changes that have occurred in modern China, the Chinese family structure is also changing, with the nuclear family gradually becoming the dominant family structure and marriage becoming more liberal and the divorce rate increasing. At the same time, there is a growing trend toward gender equality in family relations. Of course, the reasons behind the changes in family structure cannot be separated from the development of society, policy changes, transition in social ideology and even the influence of globalization. In turn, the transition in family structure also has an impact on education and social and economic development.

== '''Key Words''' ==

family structure;changes; nuclear family

== '''题目''' ==

中国传统家庭结构的变化

== '''摘要''' ==

中国人非常重视家庭，家庭是中国文化的重要组成部分。中国的传统家庭结构主要包括联合家庭、直系家庭、核心家庭。然而，伴随着现代中国发生的深刻变化，中国的家庭结构也在发生变化，核心家庭逐渐成为家庭结构的主导，婚姻变得更加自由，离婚率不断上升。同时，家庭关系中的性别平等趋势也越来越明显。当然，家庭结构变化背后的原因离不开社会的发展、政策的变化、社会意识形态的转型，甚至全球化的影响。反过来，家庭结构的转型也会对教育和社会经济发展产生影响。

== '''关键词''' ==

家庭结构；变化；核心家庭；

'''I. The main types of traditional Chinese family structures'''

1.Joint Family
A joint family is usually a large undivided family where members of more than two generation live together under one roof (grandparents, parents, uncles, aunts, their children or even grandchildren). This kind of family is large in size and is usually headed by the eldest member of the family. The responsibility of making decisions rests with the head of the family, although family members can give suggestions. After marriage, the children also live in the same house along with other family members. This family structure was common among wealthy families in ancient China. For example, the family structure in the Dream of the Red Chamber is a typical joint family.
2. Stem family
A stem family consists of parents and one married child, his or her spouse and offspring. It has three generations (or even four), but each generation has at most one couple. It is also known as a medium-sized family. For example, in a stem family, there are grandparents, parents and children, but it does not include uncles and aunts. In terms of size, it is smaller than a joint family while bigger than a nuclear family.
3. Nuclear family
Nuclear family refers to the core members of a family, usually two parents and their children. Children are included only while they’re young enough to live with their parents. This family unit became widely recognized because it’s where many of society’s rules and norms are passed along from parent to child. Sociologists see the concept of a nuclear family as a fundamental building block of society.

'''II. Characteristics of traditional family structure'''

According to the records, in the mid to late 18th century of China, the proportion of nuclear family was over 50%, stem family about 30% and joint family less than 10%. This indicates that nuclear family had become the dominant family form in the society at that time. And the following are the main features within the traditional family structure:
1. Men are Superior to Women and husband guides wife .This feature constitutes the basic structure of the traditional family. As Fei Xiaotong said, the core of a tradition family relationship is the parent-child relationship while the relationship between husband and wife is unimportant.
2. The eldest son has equal inheritance rights with the other brothers. The family became smaller and smaller. Finally, it stayed in the model of a nuclear family. The daughter has no right to inherit, but has the right to get a dowry. The so-called wealth only within three generations is the embodiment of this inheritance system of dividing family assets and the reason why there are few large families in China.
3. Marriage is decided by parents
Children have no marital autonomy. Marriage is often decided by parents. The daughter may have never had any contacts with the husband's family before marrying him, and the wife should be subordinate to her husband.
4. The traditional family has mixed functions, including economic, nurturing, support, affection, support, etc.

'''III. The transition of family structure from traditional to modern.'''

Since the reform and opening up, social resources have been relatively abundant and every aspect of the family has changed dramatically.
1. The family is becoming more nuclearized. Since many of the functions of the family, such as production, education, and support of elders, have been replaced by society. Society has built a large number of nursery schools and nursing homes, it is not necessary to maintain a large family size to perform these functions.
2. Some other types of family structures have emerged. These are: single person families, cohabiting families and even some homosexual cohabiting families.
3. Marriage tends to be autonomous and divorce rate increases. In contemporary times, divorce has also become common, the way of divorce has become more civilized, and more and more divorces are initiated by the wife. In addition, remarriage in old age has been widely accepted by the society, and there is a new trend of the younger generation matching and organizing weddings for their parents.
4. Increasing trend of gender equality in family relations. In today's families, the traditional patriarchy is disappearing and the concept of male superiority over female has been fundamentally changed. There is a tendency for family members to discuss with each other, to make democratic decisions, and to be democratic and egalitarian.

'''IV. Causes behind the changes in family structure'''

1. The One-Child policy has had a huge impact on the structure and size of families in China.
In the late 1970s, The One-Child policy was introduced in China as a national policy. This policy has had a decisive effect on the structure and size of families in China, promoting the trend of the nuclear family. Since the main purpose of the One-Child policy was to reduce the birth rate of each family. Only one child is allowed in urban families and no more than two in rural families (except for ethnic minority areas) and the government was promoting the concept of equality between men and women. A large number of “the only child” are born in cities. In addition, most young married couples live apart from their parents after marriage, thus more and more nuclear families have emerged. The number of empty nest families has also increased.
2. With the development of economy, many responsibilities of the family were assumed by the society, thus nuclear family became more dominating. The tradition family assumed responsibilities such as nurturing children, support the elders and production. But in modern times, economic development has also promoted the division of labor and the development of the social welfare system, and various institutions have emerged in society to help assume some of the family obligations. For example, nursing homes can help take care of the elders, and nurseries or schools can help care for the children. In this way, the adult workforce in the family can devote more energy to their work. In addition, since older couples have pensions and retirement funds after retirement, they can live without relying on their children after retirement, and they prefer to live separately from their children to avoid the tension that may arise between the two generations of couples.
3. The influence of globalization on the family concept in China since the reform and opening up.
Since the opening up, western ideas have come into China, and the younger generation has been increasingly influenced by western family concepts. The emphasis on self-independence in the Western family concept has a great influence on young people. For example, premarital cohabitation, trial marriage, free love, celibacy, gender equality and so on. These concepts have caused an unprecedented impact on the traditional family concept in China. A lot of media reports about western families flooded into our lives, which also had an important impact on our young generation.

'''V. Influences follow the changes'''

1. Impact of changing family structure on family education
The size of the family has shrunk and parents have become more concerned with their children's development. Children are seen as an individual with a sense of independence, personality and individuality, and the goal of parents in raising their children shifted from “glorifying their ancestors” to achieving the all-round development of the child, freedom of personality and perfection of character.
2. The impact of changes in family structure on the economy
As the basic consumption unit of society, the family not only creates new social demand, but also influences social supply. As the population grows and the joint family gradually divides, many new families are created. The rapid increase in the number of households inevitably leads to a simultaneous increase in the demand for many goods, such as housing and furnishings, matching kitchen and sanitary equipment, high-end durable household appliances, furniture sets, cars and household services. In addition, smaller families have more needs for enjoyment and development, higher expectations for their children, and relatively higher expenditures for their children's education and training; With the number of elderly families, especially empty nesters t, continues to increase, there will be a significant increase in elderly living goods and facilities to serve the elderly. These changes in demand structure provide an important basis for corresponding adjustments in the supply structure.

== '''References''' ==
[1] 王跃生，当代中国家庭结构变动分析[J].中国社会科学，2006（01）
[2] 王跃生，中国家庭结构变动与特征[J].人口与计划生育，2017（09）
[3] 胡亮，由传统到现代---中国家庭结构变迁特点及原因分析[J].西北人口，2004（2）
[4] 童辉杰，黄成毅，当代中国家庭结构的变迁及其社会影响[J].西北人口，2015（06）
[5]吴愈晓，王鹏，杜思佳，变迁中的中国家庭结构与青少年发展，中国社会科学，2018（2）

== '''Questions''' ==

1. What are the main types of traditional Chinese family structures? A. Stem family B. Joint family C.nuclear famliy D.composite family
2. When was the One-Child policy was introduced in China? A.In the late 1970s B.In the early 1970s C . In the late 1980s D. In the early 1980s.
3. Which type of family structures are realistically depicted in Dream of the Red Chamber? A. Stem family B. Joint family C.nuclear famliy D.composite family
4. Which types of family structure is the dominating one nowadays?A. Nuclear family B. Joint family C.Single-parent famliy D.Stem family

== '''Answers''' ==

1. A,B,C 2. A 3.B 4. A

=202270081710 鲁思 Lu Si 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=
==Evolution and Characteristics of Ancient Currency in China==
<center>鲁思Lu Si，202270081710</center>
===Abstract===
Currency is the cultural essence of the development of civilizations of all nations for thousands of years, and is also the common material and spiritual wealth of mankind. China has been using money for 5,000 years. Due to the evolution of history, nearly tens of thousands of currencies (banknotes and coins) and colorful Chinese currency culture have been created, and a system with its own unique style has been formed.
=== Key Words ===
Ancient Currency，Monetary Evolution，Characteristics of Money
=== Introduction ===
China is one of the earliest countries in the world to use currency, with a history of 5,000 years. In the process of its formation and development, ancient China currency has undergone six major evolutions

=== Evolution of Ancient Currency ===
1.Evolution from natural currency to artificial currency.
Shell is the earliest currency in China. It was used as currency in Shang Dynasty. In all the China characters were related to value are mostly from "shell." With the development of commodity exchange, the demand for money was increasing, and seashell could not meet people's demand. People began to imitate seashell with copper in Shang Dynasty.The appearance of copper coin is an important evolution from natural currency to artificial currency in the history of ancient currency in China. With the extensive use of artificial coins, seashells, a natural currency, gradually withdrew from the monetary stage of China.

2.Evolution from disordered shape to unified shape.
From the appearance of copper coins in Shang Dynasty to the Warring States Period, there were many shapes of currency in our country. During the Warring States Period, not only countries made their own money, but also all regions within a vassal country made their own money. It is famous for the spade-shaped coin of Zhao, the sword-shaped coin Qi, the round square hole coins of Qin and the Each within Zhu（commonly known ant nose money） of Chu各内朱俗称蚁鼻钱. After the Qin Dynasty unified China, also the currency. the First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty promulgated the earliest currency law in China in 210 B.C., which stipulated that ‘banliang’, at first called ring money and later ‘fang kong yuan qian’(Circular Coin with a Square Hole).After the unification of Qin, ‘banliang’ coin was spread around the whole country. The unification of currency ended the disorder state of different shapes and weights of ancient currency in China, and was an important evolution from disordered shape to standardized shape in the history of ancient currency in China. The shape of this round square hole, which was determined by Qin Banliang coin, continued until the early period of the Republic of China.

3.Evolution from local coinage to central coinage.
In the early days of the Han Dynasty, the county was allowed to freely cast money. According to the records of Han Shu·Monograph on Food and Currency , Emperor Wen "except for the order of stealing and casting money, the people let the casting go," so "stealing and casting rose like clouds." This not only caused the chaos of the currency, but also made the rich merchants manipulate the right to coin, rich than the emperor. In 118 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered new coins of five baht to be cast because banliang of coins were stolen and cast continuously, and allowed all prefectures to cast them, commonly known as "five baht of prefectures." In 113 B. C., Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took back the right of coining coins in the county state, and the three officials of Shanglin unified the coinage of five baht coins, which became the only legal currency at that time. From then on, the unified management of coin minting and issuing by the central government was determined, which was an important evolution from local coinage to central coinage in the history of ancient China currency. Since then, the coins of the past dynasties have been directly managed by the central government. The centralization of the coinage right played an important role in stabilizing the political situation and economic development of each dynasty.

4.From the weight of documents to the evolution of Tongbao（通宝） and Yuanbao（元宝）.
Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, coins usually have a clear indication of the weight of the money, such as "banliang,""wuzhu coin" and so on (twenty-four baht for one liang). In the fourth year of Emperor Gaozu 's reign (621), Li Yuan decided to reform the currency system, abolish the ancient coins of different weights, take the meaning of "opening up a new era," and uniformly cast "Kaiyuan Tongbao" coins. "Kaiyuan Tongbao" is an anti-Qin and Han Dynasty old system, money does not write weight, is China 's ancient currency from the weight of documents to Tongbao, Yuan Bao evolution. "Kaiyuan Tongbao" money is the earliest Tongbao money in China. Since then, China 's copper coins no longer use money to mark the weight, are to Tongbao, Yuanbao commensurate, it has been used until the Revolution of 1911 "Republic of China Tongbao."

5.The evolution of metal currency to paper money "Jiaozi."
In the Northern Song Dynasty, with the development of exchange, the amount of currency in circulation increased. When Taizong of the Northern Song Dynasty, the annual coin was 800,000 Guan, which gradually increased later. Because of the shortage of copper material for casting coins, the government made up for the shortage of copper coins by casting iron coins in large quantities in some areas. According to the records of Song History, the iron coins cast in Sichuan at that time always weighed 25 catties and eight liang. To buy a piece of silk in Sichuan, you have to pay 130 jin of iron money. Iron money is so heavy and inconvenient that the paper money "Jiaozi" printed by the Northern Song Dynasty came into being in Sichuan. Song Zhenzong, under the permission of the government, by Chengdu 16 rich households jointly operated. The appearance of "Jiaozi" is an important evolution from metal currency to paper currency in the ancient monetary history of our country. "Jiaozi" is not only the earliest paper money in China, but also the earliest paper money in the world.

6.Evolution from Manual Coining to Mechanized Paper Money.
In the late Qing Dynasty, with the gradual introduction of foreign advanced science and technology, Guangxu years began to buy coin-making machines abroad for making silver yuan and copper yuan. Later, Guangdong began to machine non-porous when ten copper dollars. As manufacturers made huge profits, provinces followed suit. The appearance of mechanism currency in the late Qing Dynasty is the evolution from manual coinage to mechanism currency in the ancient currency history of our country. From then on, not only the craft of casting money has undergone major changes, but also the circulation of more than 2,000 years of round square hole money died.

=== Characteristics of Ancient Currency ===
From the historical perspective, China's ancient monetary system has several characteristics.

1.The separation of monetary functions. In ancient China, gold and silver were used as a store of value, as a means of payment for international trade, and as a unit of account. But the medium of exchange in circulation is mainly borne by copper coins. Gold and silver coins have been minted in all generations, but they are more of a form of money, more of a position of luxury jewelry, used to hide wealth, used to give gifts, used to bribe, used as reserves. Copper coins were minted in large quantities as a means of payment. The nature of copper coin determines that its surface value is greater than the value of actual coinage materials, which is actually credit currency. Unfortunately, the seigniorage was hard to resist throughout the ages, and copper coins had a long history of inflation, with many instances of weight loss and devaluation. This also taught the common people that they would not use copper coins as a means of hiding wealth, but only as a means of circulation. According to the principle of "bad money drives out good money," they should spend what they have, leaving only gold and silver coins in their hands.

2.Currency casting and circulation are regional. In ancient China, coin casting was managed by different places. The sword coins of the pre-Qin Dynasty were cast by various cities, and the place names would be indicated on the coins. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, silver dollars were also cast and issued by various provinces, with place names on them. Not only is casting regional, but so is currency circulation. Of course, when the warlords were separated from each other, the Three Kingdoms era was definitely a regional currency circulation. Even in the period of political unification, the regionalism of currency circulation is still widespread. For example, in the Northern Song Dynasty, Jingdong, Jingxi 13 Road exercise copper coins; Chengdu and other four roads exercise iron money, Shaanxi, Hedong copper money, iron money both. Until liberation, the circulation of money throughout the country was not unified.

3.It has not paid attention to the innovation of monetary technology for a long time. The casting method is not advanced, resulting in uneven color and weight of currency. Although the process is exquisite, it has not formed an industrialized, expandable and large-scale banknote printing and coin-making project, so the quality of currency is very problematic.

=== References ===
 Chen Hui陈慧.(2022). 中国古代货币的演变与发展论析 [On the Evolution and Development of Ancient China Currency].产业与科技论坛 Industry and Technology Forum (09):60-61.

 Peng Xinwei 彭信威. (1965). 中国货币史 [The History of Chinese Currency]. Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Publishing House] 上海人民出版社.

 Liu Ruixuan, Wang Di刘芮瑄,王娣.(2020). 中国古代货币演变简述 [A Brief Introduction to the Evolution of Ancient Chinese Currency]. 科教文汇(上旬刊) Science and Education Collection (04):169-170.DOI:10.16871/j.cnki.kjwha.2020.04.072.

 Ma Tao, Song Dan马涛,宋丹.(2009). 论中国古代货币范畴的特点 [On the Characteristics of Currency Category in Ancient China]. 财经研究 Financial Research . (11):26-36.DOI:10.16538/j.cnki.jfe.2009.11.010.

 Tuo Tuo 脱脱. (1985). 宋史 [The History of Song Dynasty]. Peking: China Publishing House 中华书局.

 Yan Caiyun燕彩云.(2005). 中国古代货币的演变 [The Evolution of Ancient China Currency]. 中学历史教学 History Teaching in Middle School (07):51.

=== Terms and Expressions ===
spade-shaped coin 布币，铲币.
sword-shaped coin 刀币.
Ant nose money 蚁鼻钱.
Wuzhu Coin 五铢钱.
Han Shu·Monograph on Food and Currency 《汉书·食货志》.
History of the Song Dynasty 《宋史》.

=== Questions ===
1.The world's first paper money ()
A.spade-shaped coin B.Jiaozi C.Tongbao D.Wuzhu Coin

2.After the unification of the Qin Dynasty, the unified currency used throughout the country was ()
A.sword-shaped coin B.spade-shaped coin C.Fang kong yuan qian D.Wuzhu Coin

3. Which of the following are the characteristics of ancient China currency()
A.currency casting and circulation are regiona
B.distinguish one's status
C.the separation of monetary functions
D.it has not paid attention to the innovation of monetary technology for a long time

4."Kaiyuan Tongbao" money is the earliest Tongbao money in China. True or False（）
A.True B.False

=== Answers ===
Correct answers are:
1. B
2. C
3. ACD
4. A

==202270081711 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)==
==Chinese Imperial Harem Rivalry Drama==
<center>陆玉琴Lu Yuqin, 202270081711</center>.
===Abstract===
Chinese Imperial Harem Rivalry Dramas are dramas set in ancient China's feudal dynasties, with female characters such as harem concubines or female officials as the main subjects of the story, and with characters' emotional entanglements or political power struggles as the main plot lines.
===题目===
中国宫斗剧
===摘要===
宫斗剧是指以中国古代封建王朝为背景，将后宫嫔妃或女官等女性角色做为故事主体，以人物情感纠葛或政治权力倾轧为剧情主线的电视剧集。
===关键词===
imperial harem rivalry drama, feudal dynasties，female characters
===Introduction===
In ancient China, there was a well known saying to describe ancient emperor’s concubines which is “3,000 beauties live in the inner court”. Imperial harem rivalry drama uses " imperial harem " as the narrative space and " rivalry " as the narrative theme. (Wang Siqi 2020, 4) It focuses on entertainment and playful interpretation, and are somewhat different from historical dramas. In this kind of drama, the emperor’s concubines intrigued against each other for the emperor's favor and their power, which takes full advantage of the viewers' curiosity about the ancient court. Imperial harem rivalry dramas are loved by viewers for their tense, exciting and bizarre plots. ''War and Beauty'', which was broadcasted in 2004, established the art form of imperial harem rivalry dramas. In 2012, ''Empresses in the Palace'' pushed imperial harem rivalry dramas to the peak. Imperial harem rivalry dramas have taken an important place in the Chinese TV drama market.
===''Empresses in the Palace''===
''Empresses in the Palace'', written by Liu Lianzi and later directed by Zheng Xiaolong, is by far the most popular Chinese imperial harem rivalry drama. It tells a story about how an innocent young girl named Zhen Huan entered the Forbidden City and eventually defeated other concubines with her wits and schemes during the relentless palace fighting and ultimately became the Empress Dowager herself. (Mengyuan Yin & Honghong Zhou 2019, 83)

Zhen Huan was chosen for the Emperor Yong Zheng’s harem. After entering the palace, She was caught in the fierce infighting between the empress and the concubines. Zhen Huan gradually became a calculating woman in the harem. After helping emperor defeat Consort Hua, Zhen Huan was framed by empress, and she also learned that the emperor liked her only because she looked like her former lover, Empress Chunyuan, who was current empress’s elder sister and was killed by her. After giving birth to her daughter, Zhen Huan chose to leave the palace to have monastic life. Outside the palace, Zhen Huan was taken care of by Yunli, emperor’s younger brother. They fell in love and planed to go far away. However, when the fake news of the death of Yunli came, in order to save Yunli’s child growing in her belly and to rescue her seriously ill father, Zhen Huan designed to make emperor meet her and returned to the palace. She was able to evade the Empress's trap several times and eventually brought her down. However, the emperor detected Zhen Huan's affair with Yunli and ordered Zhen Huan to kill Yunli. Finally, Zhen Huan conspired with Ye Lanyi to commit regicide. Zhen Huan's adopted son ascended to the throne and Zhen Huan was honored as the Empress Dowager.
===''Story of Yanxi Palace''===
In the summer of 2018, the popularity of “Story of Yanxi Palace” directed by Yu Zheng rose sharply, becoming a leader in imperial harem rivalry dramas over the same period with a high range of influence and a high degree of discussion. (Han Mao,Jingru Liu & Zihan Qu 2021, 1) The TV series tells the story of Wei Yingluo, a palace maid, who, with her courage, quick wit, and broad mind, resolved the difficulties in the court and eventually became Consort Ling who helped Emperor Qian Long to realize “the times of prosperity”.

In order to seek the truth about her eldest sister's death, Wei Yingluo entered the Forbidden City as a palace maid. After an investigation, Yingluo confirmed that her sister's death was related to Hong Zhou, emperor’s brother, and is determined to get justice for her sister. The Empress Fucha was worried about Yingluo’s going astray and tried her best to give Yingluo warmth and help. Under the empress' careful tutelage, Yingluo became strong and upright, and put aside her grudges to live a serious life. The unfortunate death of the Empress makes Yingluo misunderstand Emperor Qianlong. The two went from mutual hostility to understanding and supporting each other. It was only before Yingluo's death that she informed Qianlong of Empress Fucha's deathbed entrustment that she hoped Yingluo accompany Qianlong and assist him to be a wise ruler. In the sixtieth year of the Qianlong era, the Qianlong emperor proclaimed Yong Yan, son of Yingluo, as the crown prince, while posthumously crowning the crown prince's mother Yingluo as Empress Xiao Yi. Yingluo finally used her whole life to fulfill her promise to Empress Fucha.
===Conclusion===
Compared to other costume dramas, imperial harem rivalry drama accomplishes a shift in narrative subject by deeply portraying female characters, with the theme of conflict shifting from the male, who had communicate power, to the female. Moreover, the main line of love in previous female dramas is diluted. The love between men and women is subjected to the main line of harem rivalry, and the love narrative is often used to highlight the image of female characters and as the reason for their character transformation. In addition, the portrayal of female characters in imperial harem rivalry drama has become more self-aware, and women are mostly no longer the appendages of men, but are equal to or even free from men, pursuing their own independence and having a sense of subjectivity.(Hu Ying 2021, 26)

In today's society, people need more pressure release and emotional catharsis, and imperial harem rivalry dramas meets their need.(Wang Maoru 2020, 178) In imperial harem rivalry drama, everyone viewer can find what they need: Academic success, the spread of information, survival in the workplace, power struggles, handsome men and beautiful women, etc.( Xiaoming LUO 2014, 178) This is the main reason of the success of imperial harem rivalry dramas.
===References===
王思齐.(2020).宫斗剧火爆的原因研判(硕士学位论文,海南大学).https://kns-cnki-net-443.webvpn.blcu.edu.cn/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD202101&filename=1020748194.nh

王茂入.(2020).《延禧攻略》对女性观众的心理满足分析. 卫星电视与宽带多媒体(05),178-179.

胡颖.(2021).清朝宫斗剧的类型化叙事研究(硕士学位论文,南京师范大学).https://kns-cnki-net-443.webvpn.blcu.edu.cn/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD202202&filename=1022405090.nh

Mengyuan Yin & Honghong Zhou.(2019).A Research on Mock Politeness —— A Case Study of the Legend of Zhen Huan..(eds.)Proceedings of the 5th Annual International Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development (SSCHD 2019)(pp.).Atlantis Press.

Han Mao,Jingru Liu & Zihan Qu.(2021).Chinese Traditional Aesthetics in Qing Palace Drama*-Take “Story of Yanxi Palace” as an example. E3S Web of Conferences. doi:10.1051/E3SCONF/202123605082.

Xiaoming LUO.(2014).The Impervious Zhen Huan. Frontiers of Literary Studies in China(3). doi:10.3868/s010-003-014-0026-1.
===Terms and Expressions===
imperial harem rivalry drama宫斗剧

War and Beauty金枝欲孽

Empresses in the Palace甄嬛传

Forbidden City紫禁城

Empress Dowager皇太后

Story of Yanxi Palace延禧攻略
===Questions===
1. When did the art form of imperial harem rivalry dramas establish?
A.2002 B.2003 C.2004 D. 2005

2. Which TV drama pushed imperial harem rivalry dramas to the peak?

A.War and Beauty B.Empresses in the Palace C.Story of Yanxi Palace D.Ruyi's Royal Love in the Palace

3. Compared to other costume dramas, What characteristics does imperial harem rivalry drama have?

A.A shift in narrative subject by deeply portraying female characters, with the theme of conflict shifting from the male, who had communicate power, to the female. B.The love between men and women is subjected to the main line of harem rivalry. C.The portrayal of female characters in imperial harem rivalry drama has become more self-aware D.All of above

4.What’s the main reason of the success of imperial harem rivalry dramas?

A. People need more pressure release and emotional catharsis, and imperial harem rivalry dramas meets their need. B.The clothes in imperial harem rivalry dramas are beautiful C.The actors of imperial harem rivalry dramas are famous.
===Answers===
Correct answers are:

1.C

2.B

3.D

4.A

==202270081705 马明宇 Ma Mingyu 日语笔译(Japanese translation)==
==The development of Chinese Animation==
<center>马明宇Ma Mingyu, 202270081705</center>
===Abstract===
Chinese animation started in the 1920s, inspired by French, German, Russian and mostly American productions. After decades of development, many excellent animations have been created, such as The Princess of Iron Fan, The Monkey King, Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother, Calabash Brothers and so on. Some of these have become household names and a symbol of Chinese culture.
===Key Words===
China, animation, development
===题目===
中国动画发展历程
===摘要===
中国动画起源于20世纪20年代,其灵感来自于法国、德国、俄罗斯和美国的大多数作品。经过几十年的发展，中国动画产业制造出许多优秀的动画作品，如《铁扇公主》、《大闹天宫》、《小蝌蚪找妈妈》、《葫芦兄弟》等等，其中一些作品已经家喻户晓，成为中国文化的一种象征。
===关键词===
中国，动画，发展
===I.The Enlightenment Period of Chinese Animation===
The period of germination and exploration of Chinese animation is 1922 to 1945. As early as 1918, American animation films landed on the Chinese mainland one after another with Shanghai as the center, which made the Chinese people in the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society at that time amazed by the strange animations. In the following 20 years, a group of people with lofty ideals represented by the Wan Brothers made great efforts to explore and learn with the goal of "creating Chinese own animations," becoming the founder of Chinese animations. In 1926, the Wan brothers created the Uproar in the Studio which had a great impact in the world. And in 1935, they made another great achievement by producing China 's first audio animation, The Camel Dance. Then, in 1941, under the influence of the American animation Snow White, the first large-scale animation of China, Princess Iron Fan, was produced, which was the fourth large-scale animation after the American animations Snow White, Lilliput and Pinocchio in the world film history, indicating that the animation level of China at that time was close to the leading level in the world. Unfortunately, the Chinese society was in turmoil at that time, and the new thing of animation did not spread to the mainland of the motherland, but could only be seen in big cities like Shanghai. Therefore, it was impossible for Chinese animation to form an industrialized development in that era. It was just a "novelty" at the time. With the outbreak of the Pacific War, the Wan brothers were forced to interrupt the animation creation, Chinese animation of the Enlightenment period has been rushed to an end. (Li Junda, 2012,5,100; Qu Huili, and Su Jianing, 2008,182; Wen Ting Fang, Po- Hsien Lin, and Rungtai Lin, 2017, 27)

===II.The Growth Period of Chinese Animation===
The growth of Chinese animation has experienced two periods of stable development and initial prosperity.
From 1946 to 1965, it was the stable development period of Chinese animation. On October 1, 1949, the People's Republic of China declared its establishment. Before this, the puppet animation "The Emperor Dream" and "Go after an easy prey" produced by the Northeast Film Studio laid the foundation for the development of animation after the founding of the People's Republic of China. After a period of time, Chinese animation industry has been considerable development. During the period from 1950 to 1956, Chinese animations mostly used the content of fairy tales in terms of subject matter; in terms of style, they incorporated national characteristics; in terms of technology, they changed from black and white films to color films. There was an initial prosperity of Chinese animation from 1957 to 1965. In 1957, the establishment of Shanghai Animation Film Studio made China the first professional factory to independently produce art films, and Chinese animation entered a prosperous period of development. At this time, the animation has reached an unprecedented level in art and technical quality. Many animations have won awards in international film festivals, such as the classic blockbuster "The Monkey King," which has made the Chinese people proud. At that time, Tezuka Osamu, revered as the "God of Japanese Manga", made a special trip to Shanghai Animation Film Studio to learn from Wan Laiming, the "father of Chinese animation". Chinese animation has formed a school of Chinese animation recognized by the world. During this period, China's animation paper-cut, origami, ink and other colorful forms of creation. In particular, ink animation was a must at that time. In July 1961, Shanghai Animation Film Studio successfully produced China's first ink animation "Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother," which declared the success of the first Chinese ink animation. This production technology won the first prize of scientific and technological achievements of the Ministry of Culture and the second prize of National Scientific and Technological Invention Award. It can be seen that there were not only many works of Chinese animations at that time, but also a lot of high-quality animations.(Li Junda, 2012,5,101; Feng Guiyun, 2021, 1)

===III.The Period of Stagnation and Recovery of Chinese Animation===
From 1966 to 1976, China experienced the unprecedented "the Cultural Revolution." This period can be called the "Ice Age" in the history of China's animation development. In 1967, 1969, 1970 and 1971, all animation manufacturers in the country "stopped production and started a revolution."
Since the end of 1978, China has entered a new period of Reform and Opening-up. In the first ten years, a number of new animation production departments emerged, which changed the situation that Shanghai Animation Film Studio stood out. A total of 219 animations were produced nationwide, producing a number of excellent and beautiful films representing the highest level of Chinese animation, such as Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King, The Legend of Sealed Book and so on. At the same time, it also produced TV animations and animation series for the first time, such as Calabash Brothers, Dirty King Adventure, Black cat Sheriff, The story of any lift and so on. Because of the wider subject matter, profound content, sharp allegory and derogatory criticism of the current malpractices, the social influence and international reputation of animation in this period also jumped greatly and won extensive praise. In the decade after the 1990s, Chinese animation continued the fruits of its recovery. Although this period has Lotus Lantern, Shuke and Beita, Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat, The big head son and little head father, Haier Brothers and other excellent works, but not much innovation in style. Chinese animation has embarked on an alternative path of "animation is what children watch".(Li Junda, 2012,5,101; Rolf Giesen，2014, 89)

===References===
1. 曲慧丽,and 宿佳宁."浅谈中国动漫的历史与发展." 今日科苑 .24(2008):182.

2. 李俊达."试论中国动漫产业的发展." 中共青岛市委党校.青岛行政学院学报 .05(2012):100-104.

3. Wen Ting Fang, Po-Hsien Lin & Rungtai Lin, Western vs. Eastern: A Reflective Research on the Development of Chinese Animation, Graduate School of Creative Industry Design, National Taiwan University of Arts, New Taipei City, Taiwan, 2017, 25-36

4. Feng Guiyun, The history of Chinese animation, from groundbreaking "Havoc in Heaven" to crappy-looking "Kung Fu Mulan", Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, 2021

5. Rolf Giesen，Chinese Animation, A History and Filmography, 1922-2012, Jefferson： McFarland, 2014

===Terms and Expressions===
Uproar in the Studio 《大闹画室》

The Camel Dance 《骆驼献舞》

Princess Iron Fan 《铁扇公主》

The Emperor Dream 《皇帝梦》

Go after an easy prey 《瓮中捉鳖》

The Monkey King 《大闹天宫》

Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother 《小蝌蚪找妈妈》

Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King 《哪吒闹海》

The Legend of Sealed Book 《天书奇谭》

Calabash Brothers 《葫芦兄弟》

Dirty King Adventure 《邋遢大王历险记》

Black cat Sheriff 《黑猫警长》

The story of any lift 《阿凡提的故事》

Lotus Lantern 《宝莲灯》

Shuke and Beita 《舒克和贝塔》

Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat 《蓝皮鼠与大脸猫》

The big head son and little head father 《大头儿子和小头爸爸》

Haier Brothers 《海尔兄弟》

===Questions===
1. What was the first large-scale animation in China, which indicated that China's animation level at that time was close to the world's leading level?

A Uproar in the Studio B The Camel Dance C Princess Iron Fan D The Emperor Dream

2. In the 1960s, there was a world-renowned classic animation blockbuster in China. What is it?

A The Monkey King B Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother C Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King D The Legend of Sealed Book

3. Which of the following animations indicate that Chinese animation has embarked on an alternative path of "animation is what children watch"?

A Shuke and Beita B Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat C The big head son and little head father D Haier Brothers

===Answers===
Correct answers are:

1. C

2. A

3. ABCD

==202270081646 彭琦 Peng Qi 英语笔译(English translation)==

==Impact of Chinglish on standard English==
<center>彭琦Peng Qi,202270081646</center>
===Abstract===
English is one of the major common languages in the world. With the development of economic globalization, more and more people are learning and using English for communication, and in this process, Chinese English has gradually emerged, which has led to many ludicrous incidents in the process of foreign communication in China. This paper discusses the concept of Chinglish, its causes, and its impact on standard English, and also analyses measures to reduce the emergence of Chinglish in order to provide a reference for English learners.
===Key Words===
Chinglish, Impact, Standard English

===Introduction===
With the development of the times, English has become one of the ways of communication in the world, and learning English has become one of the compulsory courses in China. However, many people, in the process of learning English, will have the problem of Chinglish due to the influence of the Chinese language, which affects their subsequent English learning. what's more important is that it lays a great impact on today's standard English in its development.

===Cause of Chinglish===
Chinese English is the English of Chinese learners who, in the process of learning and using English, are disturbed by their mother tongue, their culture and their communicative habits, as well as their limited English proficiency, and have to combine English phrases according to their own subjective imagination, thus appearing in English that does not conform to the standard English expressions or communicative style. The degree of error also depends on the level of English learners and the difficulty of the communicative content. This phenomenon has been studied in the past and the theory of negative transfer of language and culture has been used to explain the reasons for the production of Chinglish. First of all, it is due to the interference of native language habits. The second is the clamping down of Chinese communication styles, behavioural habits, ways of thinking and social codes of conduct; the third is that the learners' English is so poor that they have to make up random English sentences to express themselves. If we look at this issue from multiple perspectives, we may have a better understanding of it.1. Chinese English is not a standardized language system that learners seek, but a linguistic error in learning English. 2. The errors in Chinese English vary from person to person, depending on the depth of content, and can be changed through learning and self-reflection. From a certain point of view, Chinese English is a transition from Chinese to standard English, often playing the role of an interlanguage.3. Many errors are caused by a poor command of English and learners generally adopt English words, Chinese idioms and grammar in a haphazard manner.As they improve their English, these phenomena will be greatly reduced.4. Because of their unfamiliarity with Western means of communication, Chinese people often make communicative mistakes in their foreign interactions. For example, they speak in an "indecent manner" (Chinese is decent, but the direct translation into English is indecent), and their speech and behaviour are often impulsive.5. As Chinese English is mainly a kind of language disorder of English learners, this kind of language error will gradually decrease as the learners' English level improves. Therefore, Chinese English is a trial-and-error phenomenon in the learning process of Chinese people learning English, and it can be corrected and improved.

===Linguistic Impact on standard English===
There are major differences between Chinese and English. As a non-formal form of language, Chinese vocabulary is mainly monosyllabic and diphthongic, and the grammatical components of Chinese expressions cannot be expressed in accordance with morphological transformations, which is different from the regularisation of English. As a product of the fusion of the two languages, Chinglish has the linguistic characteristics of Chinese, and its vivid and indirect expressions sometimes can better express emotions. English is an open and inclusive language, and in the context of economic globalisation, the absorption and borrowing of Chinese by English has become an inevitable trend. Chinese English expressions need to be tested over a long period of time and by users in practice, so that they can be accepted as having a positive impact on the development of the vocabulary and expressions of modern English, and that the positive impact will become more pronounced as time goes on. The emergence and development of Chinese-English will contribute significantly to the acceptance of Modern English and will increase the enthusiasm of users as they will not need to follow excessive rules in their practice. At the same time, the emergence of a Chinese-English vocabulary will enrich the vocabulary of modern languages and contribute to the internationalisation of modern English.

===Cultural Impact on today's English===
The further rise of Chinese English on the agenda has to do with the large number of foreigners coming to China to work, live and travel. The most influential Chinese English is that found on signs in public places and on restaurant menus, most of which have been photographed by foreigners on the internet and appear in pictures with text in their thousands. For example, "Please take good personal luggage" is written as "Please take good personal luggage" and "First under after on, take a civilised ride" as "First under after on, take a civilised ride". First under after on,take riding with civility". The English translations of the bilingual signs in many metro stations, tourist attractions, restaurants and other public places were initially only for the sake of completeness, and some of them were just taken from dictionaries or turned out with software like Google Translate, and not many people noticed them. Surprisingly, most foreigners don't hate Chinese English, and quite a few genuinely enjoy it. Perhaps due to the encouragement of their foreign friends, for some time now many Chinese have started to create their own English words and sentences in their own way, such as Smilence, a 'self-created compound word' like Brangelina (the joint name of Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie). There are also words that translate playful words from Chinese to create a misplaced and amusing effect, such as "We two who and who? If you want money, I have no. If you want life, I have one.", and "American Chinese not enough". The Xinhua News Agency reported that this was "Chinese witticisms enriching the English language" - and it was an innovative form of Chinese English.
The Global Language Monitor (GLM), based in Texas, USA, has given Chinglish a global perspective and a high rating from the perspective of English language development. Since 2005, Chinglish has been ranked as one of the top ten words that have influenced the world, and GLM believes that Chinglish is driving a profound change in the English language, with a large number of Chinese words entering the English language as the most significant source of new vocabulary, up to 20%. Each year they select the most popular Chinese words of the year, such as "No Noising" ("Quiet, please" in authentic English), "Question Authority" ("Information Booth" in authentic English), and "Information Booth"), the 2008 Deformed Man Toilet, the Airline Pulp According to GLM, Chinese is surprisingly complex and rich in its ability to produce and accept new words, and Chinese English is a "welcome mixture".

===Conclusions===
Chinese-English refers to English with Chinese phonological, semantic, grammatical and pragmatic features, and is a country-specific variant of English with Chinese characteristics. Its words are usually produced in five ways: phonetic, transliteration, phonetic-phonetic combination, phonetic-phonetic affixation and semantic regeneration, all more or less "Anglicised" to some extent. Chinese English is a reality and a contribution to English itself; it not only enriches the content of English, but also expands its sphere of influence. In recent years, Chinese English has become very popular in China and is beginning to make its way into the English-speaking world. The famous British linguist Mr David Kristel has pointed out that with the rapid development of the Chinese economy, Chinese English is bound to have more impact on Standard English.

===References===
1. 杜争鸣. 中国英语问题及其它[J ]. 西安外国语学院学报 ,1998 ,(3) :7 - 119.
2. Jiang , Yajun. Chinglish and China English [J ]. English To2 day , 1995 :16 :3 - 3
3. 金惠康. 中国英语与中式英语讨论[J]. 广东技术师范学院学报, 2003(5):5.
4. 韩威. 中式英语的融入对现代英语发展的影响[J]. 语文课内外, 2018.
5. 琼·平卡姆. The translator's guide to Chinglish[M]. 外语教学与研究出版社, 2000.
6. Zhuang Y . Guard Against Chinglish[J]. Chinese Translators Journal, 2000.

===Questions===
1. Do you know any typical Chinese English?

2. What does GLM stand for?

===Answers===
1. Good good study，day day up; “We two who and who？”（咱俩谁跟谁？）;“If you want money,I have no. If you want life,I have one.”（要钱没有，要命一条）;“American Chinese not enough”（美中不足）....

2. 全球语言监测机构(Global Language Monitor)

==Traditional Revolutionary Songs in China==
<center>漆羿鑫Qi Yixin,202270081647</center>
===Abstract===
Rising in the revolutionary war period, traditional revolutionary songs in China, or "red Song", mainly focusing on praising the party and the country, told the difficult course of the revolution, as well as the heroic deeds of the predecessors. It expressed the deep feelings of the majority of people for the motherland, and described the Chinese nation's confidence in social undertakings to overcome difficulties.
===Key Words===
traditional revolutionary songs, artistic features, current value
=== Introduction===
Traditional revolutionary songs are a political and social phenomenon peculiar to socialist countries, and particularly prosperous in China. It is clear that they are inspired by popular folksongs (De Sales, A. 2003, 7). Their core theme is to sing songs to praise the motherland, the proletarian revolution and the Communist Party. With a strong political orientation, it contains a profound ideology, specifically, reflecting the inherent spiritual needs of proletarian revolution and socialist construction (雷亚林 2019, 63).

===History of Traditional Revolutionary Songs===
The wide range of red songs included revolutionary songs from the Soviet Union, translated into Chinese, as well as Chinese red songs dedicated to the founding fathers of the new China, postludes, military songs for improving morale, and theme songs or interludes from revolutionary movies and opera (Li, S., & Yan, F. 2020, 3). The traditional revolutionary songs started with the May 4th Movement, gradually developed in the First Revolutionary Civil War, reached a certain scale in the Second Revolutionary Civil War, became mature during the War of Resistance Against Japan and the in the Third Revolutionary Civil War, and performed well in the period of socialist revolution and construction. Traditional revolutionary songs are closely related to the tide of the new democratic revolution, socialist revolution and construction led by the CPC, and record many unforgettable events, history, characters and stories (达晖 2009, 1).

===Artistic Features of Traditional revolutionary songs===
Lyrics embraces ideology, but they reflect the time when they are written (Howard, K. 2020, 18). Musically, traditional revolutionary songs have the characteristics, such as beautiful melody, simplicity and refinement, each of which is produced and sung in the specific revolutionary life or production practice. Because the traditional revolutionary songs directly reflected the spiritual outlook of the specific people at that time, the emotions contained in them seemed simple, touching, sincere and moving, especially those that eulogized the motherland, the people, and the party (雷亚林 2019, 63).

Traditional revolutionary songs vary by period. They emerged and developed with the proletarian revolution and socialist production. In different historical periods, the content, feelings and ideas conveyed are quite different, leading to a strong sense of the times for traditional revolutionary songs. For example, Guerrilla Songs(游击队歌) in the revolutionary war years reflected the people's mental state during the war, while My Motherland, The Moon of Lunar 15th, and Bless the Motherland in the socialist construction period showed the people's spiritual outlook in the process of production and construction (雷亚林 2019, 63).

===The Value of Traditional Revolutionary songs in Contemporary Society===
Traditional revolutionary songs help young people form correct values. The advent of the Internet era has enriched the lives of young people, but it has also led many people astray. Traditional revolutionary songs inherit the ideological spirit of the revolutionary ancestors, and their ideas, glory are also of great significance to the growth of young people and the rectification of social ethos （张正雨 2021, 100-101）. The list excitingly goes on—March Song(长征之歌) about the Long March; Guerrilla Song(游击队歌) of the Anti-Japanese War; I Am a Soldier of the early liberation period; Spring Story(春天的故事), On the Field of Hope(在希望的田野上) about the reform and opening up. The content described in the lyrics of traditional revolutionary songs in each period can help guide young people to form correct values to varying degrees, and also help to inherit red culture in modern society.

Traditional revolutionary songs can stimulate people's patriotic enthusiasm. The tragic images depicted in the traditional revolutionary songs can bring people back to that special era, help people better understand the history of that year, and then deeply understand that countless people with lofty ideals just shed their blood to realize the ideal in their hearts: defeat all enemies, and the people become masters of the country（张正雨 2021, 100-101）. As the "Heroic Battle Song" sings, "The hero leaps out of the trench, breaks the sky with lightning, falls into a single block, and the sky collapses with one hand..." The popularity of traditional revolutionary songs can make the people deeply feel the noble spirit of their ancestors, and the value of today's peace, and deepen their understanding and recognition of the national spirit.

Traditional revolutionary songs can inspire people's belief in innovation. The older generation of revolutionaries fought hard for a long time, and finally drove away all the aggressors, so that today's New China came into being. Today's people still need to inherit the revolutionary spirit and write more brilliant chapters through continuous efforts to live up to the efforts of the martyrs. As an indispensable part of national culture, traditional revolutionary songs play an extremely important role（张正雨 2021, 100-101）. Here are some examples—Hands Watering Flowers of Happiness（众手浇灌幸福花）, Descendants of the Drago（龙的传人）. Singing traditional revolutionary songs can help people better understand the traditional revolution and make people realize that no matter what kind of hardships they face, they can overcome difficulties as long as they keep firm faith and actively explore solutions to problems.

===Conclusion===
"With the continuous evolution of human society, in addition to the dialectical movement of material life, the demand for spiritual life also changes," said Marx. The outbreak of the epidemic leads to more people pessimistic about the future, but the new situation still requires high morale to move forward. Therefore, the article discusses the history, artistic characteristics and contemporary value of traditional revolutionary songs. Hopefully, it can promote the spread of traditional revolutionary songs and enrich the spiritual life of Chinese people.
===References===
[1] De Sales, A. (2003). Remarks on revolutionary songs and iconography. European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 7.
[2] Li, S., & Yan, F. (2020). Searching for Red Songs: The politics of revolutionary nostalgia in contemporary China. The China Quarterly, 3.
[3] Howard, K. (2020). Songs for" great Leaders": Ideology and Creativity in North Korean Music and Dance. Oxford University Press, 18.
[5] Wang, Q. (2012). Red songs and the main melody: Cultural nationalism and political propaganda in Chinese popular music. Perfect Beat, 13(2), 127.
[6] Dahui达晖.(2009).中国红色革命歌曲的伦理审视[Ethical Survey of Chinese Red Revolutionary Songs].Hunan: Hunan Normal University湖南师范大学.
[7] Lei Yalin雷亚林.(2019).红色歌曲的传唱与历史意义研究[Study on the Singing and Historical Significance of Red Songs].艺术评鉴Art Evaluation(09)63-64.
[8] Zhang Zhengyu张正雨.(2021).论红色歌曲的传承与发展[On the Inheritance and Development of Red Songs]大众文艺Popular Literature and Art(08)100-101.
=== Terms and Expressions===
May 4th Movement 五四运动
the Second Revolutionary Civil War 第二次国内革命战争
the War of Resistance Against Japan 抗日战争
new democratic revolution 新民主主义革命
===Questions===
1. What is true about the traditional revolutionary songs?
A. being peculiar to socialist countries.
B. containing profound ideology.
C. praising good behaviors in everyday life.
D. reflecting the inherent spiritual needs of proletarian revolution.
2. Which of the following songs are traditional revolutionary songs?
A. Guerrilla Song.
B. I Believe.
C. March Song.
D. Spring Story.
3. When did traditional revolutionary songs became mature?
A. the May 4th Movement.
B. the First Revolutionary Civil War.
C. the War of Resistance Against Japan.
D. the Third Revolutionary Civil War.
4. The Value of traditional revolutionary songs in contemporary society includes:
A. inspire people's belief in innovation.
B. help young people form correct values.
C. increase material wealth for holders.
D. stimulate people's patriotic enthusiasm.
=== Answers===
Correct answers are:
1.ABD 2.ACD 3.CD 4.ABD

20221231 LangCult 4

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=202270081643 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)=
==Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements in Animation==
<center>刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu, 202270081643.</center>
===Abstract===
Originating in the 1920s, Chinese animation has always been committed to creating a road with national characteristics and adhering to the tradition of national painting. By exploring the connection between animation creation and Chinese traditional cultural elements, this chapter mainly analyzes the application, inheritance and innovation of Chinese traditional cultural elements in Chinese animation.
===Key Words===
Chinese Traditional Cultural; Chinese Animation
===动画中的中国传统文化元素===
===摘要===
中国动画起源于20世纪20年代，始终致力于走具有民族特色的道路，坚持民族绘画传统。本章通过探索中国动画创作与中国传统文化元素之间的联系，主要分析了中国传统文化元素在中国动画中的运用、传承与创新。
===关键词===
中国传统文化，中国动画
===Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements===
“Chinese elements” can be roughly divided into three parts. The first is the inherent elements of China, such as China’s territory, China’s race, China’s climate and so on. The second is the elements of traditional Chinese culture, such as Chinese calligraphy, Chinese knot, Beijing Opera, shadow play, martial arts, etc. The third is China’s modern cultural elements, such as the Beijing Olympic spirit, the culture of China’s famous enterprises and so on. Chinese traditional cultural elements are a very important part of Chinese elements, which are treasures handed down from five thousand years in China.
===Chinese traditional cultural elements in animation===
In its early development process, Chinese animation actively studied foreign advanced animation technology and art, and greatly improved its animation skills. Chinese animation style, therefore, was inevitably influenced by other countries. In order to explore the national style construction of Chinese animation, Chinese animation artists have drawn nourishment from Chinese traditional culture. The culture of the Chinese nation has a long history and profound cultural heritage, which is an inexhaustible treasure for artists of all artistic categories. The classic elements of traditional Chinese culture, such as traditional Chinese painting, paper cutting, shadow play, calligraphy, Peking opera and so on, not only represent the traditional spirit of the Chinese nation, but also represent a cultural symbol of the Chinese nation in the world. It is the core of the construction of national animation with Chinese characteristics.
====The Monkey King====
The Monkey King, created in 1961—1964, is our first color animated feature film. The role modeling, scene setting, color expression and other aspects of The Monkey King are borrowed from Chinese temple murals, temple art, ancient paintings, folk New Year pictures, opera masks and other traditional forms of artistic expression with Chinese characteristics. Take the image of Sun Wukong in The Monkey King as an example. The image of Sun Wukong in The Monkey King is loyal to the image description of Sun Wukong in the literary original Journey to the West, and many excellent traditional elements are added. On the whole, Sun Wukong in the film is long-limbed and lean, but still clever and vigorous. His has a slender waist, and his limbs are beautifully curved. He can carry himself lightly. The lines of the image are refined like fine brush painting, which makes Sun Wukong look like the Buddha image in Dunhuang fresco. The facial shape of Sun Wukong is morphed from the elements of Chinese opera facial makeup. Among the types of Peking Opera facial makeup, Sun Wukong’s facial makeup belongs to the animal shape of pictographic face, that is, the facial pattern evolved from the pictographic pattern of monkey to represent the character’s own attributes before incarnation.
====Calabash Brothers====
Calabash Brothers is actually a paper-cut animation, which is a form of art film combining traditional techniques such as Chinese folk paper-cut and shadow puppetry. Chinese paper-cut has appeared since the early Tang Dynasty. By hollowing out the paper, it can give people a sense of visual penetration and artistic enjoyment. Shadow play is mainly showed by the leather products which are made by folk artists with hand, knife carving and painted. Behind a white curtain, artists manipulate the puppets while telling stories with popular local tunes, which is called “shadow play”. Paper-cut animation involves folk paper-cut and absorbs the characteristics of shadow play in movement and shape. It uses flat paper to create animated characters, props, backgrounds, etc. A character is often a combination of multiple parts. The movement of each part of the static picture was slowly adjusted by hand, and the various movements of the characters were shot one by one. Such a method is what we call “stop-motion animation”. One by one, the flexible calabash brothers are put out various actions on the painted background pattern, and then photos are taken respectively, and each grid is connected into a cartoon. Although each episode is only a few minutes long, it took two years to shoot thousands of scenes.
Chinese paper-cut cartoons also include Monk Pig Eats Watermelon, Fisherboy, Ginseng Baby, Golden Conch, etc. They are all very excellent animated works.
====Big Fish & Begonia====
The character design of Big Fish & Begonia has a strong Oriental classical charm. There are more than 100 characters in the animation. The creativity and characters’ names refer to a large number of ancient books and allusions. Each character has its own source of creation, such as Chi Songzi, Bai Ze, etc., many of which are inspired by the Classic of Mountains and Seas, the Search of the Gods, the Book of Songs, etc. In the image and costume design of the protagonist Chun, this animation uses the school uniforms, short hair with straight bangs, clothing style of the Republic of China period. Chun as the heir of the birth family, masters the growth of begonia flowers. He is strong and persistent. Although he looks cold and serious in appearance, he is delicate, grateful, responsible and compassionate inside. The image of the character Kun, when he turns into a big fish, is also designed according to the description in A Happy Excursion by Chuang Tzu.
===Conclusion===
The ingenious application of Chinese traditional cultural elements in Chinese animation not only shows the spiritual significance and value of animation works, but also reflects the profound value of Chinese traditional culture behind it. Most Chinese animations have bright national styles. Only in this way can Chinese animation works find their own style and keep moving forward, and Chinese traditional culture is constantly explored in this process, and revitalized through re-creation.
===References===
[1]100 Years of Chinese Animation: Role of traditional culture in development of the industry[J]. M2 Presswire,2022.
[2]Jian Luo. Research on the Characteristics of Chinese Animation[C]//.Proceedings of 2017 4th International Conference on Literature,Linguistics and Arts(ICLLA 2017).,2017:172-175.
[3]Qing Xu,Min Wang. Discussions into Necessity of Folk Art Modeling Elements in Chinese Animation Creation[C]//.Proceedings of 2016 3rd International Conference on Economic,Business Management and Education Innovation(EBMEI 2016 V54).,2016:353-357.
[4]梁凯迪.壁画元素在中国动画中美学质感的突破——以《姜子牙》二维片段为例[J].流行色,2022(10):124-126.
[5]刘康.传统文化价值观在中国动画电影中的现代表达[J].明日风尚,2022(22):25-28.
[6]王晶,冯学勤.中华美学呈现是中国动画成熟的标志[N].中国社会科学报,2022-11-16(009).

===Terms and Expressions===
The Monkey King 《大闹天宫》
Calabash Brothers 《葫芦兄弟》
Big Fish & Begonia 《大鱼海棠》
Chinese opera facial makeup 中国戏曲脸谱
paper-cut animation 剪纸动画
shadow play 皮影戏

===Questions===
1. What paper-cut animations are mentioned in the article?
.
2. Please name at least three traditional Chinese cultures that you know.
.
3. Which three animation are mainly described in this chapter?
.
4. In the animation The Monkey King, which traditional Chinese cultural element is Sun Wukong's face morphed from?
.
===Answers===
Correct answers are:
.
1. Calabash Brothers, Monk Pig Eats Watermelon, Fisherboy, Ginseng Baby and Golden Conch.
.
2. Chinese calligraphy, Beijing Opera, shadow play, martial arts, etc..
.
3. The Monkey King, Calabash Brothers and Big Fish & Begonia.
.
4. Chinese opera facial makeup elements.

=202270081644 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting 英语笔译(English translation)=
==The Comparison of Chinese and Western Dream Interpretation Theory==
<center>刘婷婷 Liu Tingting, 202270081644</center>
===Abstract===
Everybody dreams. Though it is a common phenomenon during our sleep, different cultures have different theories to interpret it. Besides, every theory of dreams carries a country’s unique culture. Dreams may can foretell something, or may not, which depends on people’s attitude. Therefore, through comparing Chinese and Western interpretations of dream can make us know what are they based on and their opinions of dreams, and also their attitudes of life.
=== Key Words ===
Huangdi Neijing, The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams, The Interpretation of Dreams, dream

=== 题目 ===
中西方释梦理论的对比

=== 摘要 ===
每个人都会做梦。尽管在日常生活中这是一个常见现象，但是不同的文化会有不同的理论对其进行解析。此外，每一种释梦理论的背后都有着该国独特文化的支撑。梦是否可以预示未来，这取决于人们的态度。因此，将中西方释梦理论进行对比，可以使我们知道它们的理论依据、人们对于梦的看法，以及人们对生活的态度。

=== 关键词 ===
《黄帝内经》，《周公解梦》，《梦的解析》，梦

=== Introduction ===
Dream, a common physiological phenomenon, happens during our sleep. It is a mixture of real and unreal, attracting many scholars through all ages to make researches on it. In China, The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams and Huangdi Neijing are two famous books in dream’s interpretation. “Dating back to the Zhou Dynasty, dream officers gave a great push to dream classification. In Zhouli Chunguan, dream officers divided dreams into six types by observing the positions of the sun, the moon and the stars.” (王健 2012，217) As for Huangdi Neijing in the pre-Qin period, it related dreams to people’s the five internal organs and Yi Yang, etc.
For the West, the most famous book of dream interpretation is The Interpretation of Dreams, which was written by Sigmund Freud. This book is based on Artemidorus’ book—Interpretation of dreams, and combines with Freud’s clinical experience. Whereafter, many masters in psychoanalysis like Carl Gustav Jung and Alfred Adler have shown up, starting to study dreams from different perspectives.

=== The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams ===
The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams is a fortune-telling book according to people’s dream. Because the book is of uncertain day, so some would be doubtful for its existence. After reading the remark of Chang Feng-i, Roberto Keh Ong “tentatively proposes that the Chou-kung chieh meng was already in existence, and quite popular at that, in the sixteenth century.” (Roberto Keh Ong 1981, 6) Since the beginning sentence of the book is “夜有纷纷梦，神魂预吉凶”, “This sets the tone of the text, which means that those good fortune or bad fortune symbolized by dream are omens presented by spirits or ghosts.” (贠培基 2012, 46) But what is affirmative is that the book has a great influence in China, providing the basis of dream interpretation and enlightening people to focus on dream.
In Zhouli Chunguan, it divided dreams into six different types, they are 正、噩、思、悟、喜、惧, which indicates that how the dreams come into existence and their nature. “正梦” means an ordinary dream without causing any pulse; “噩梦”，means a stunning dream; “思梦”means a dream that misses others or thinking about something; “悟梦”means a daydream; “喜梦”means a dream that makes you feel happy; “惧梦” means a horrible dream that makes people frightened.
In the book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams, there are four methods of dream interpretation:
 The method of Zhi Meng. It means what you see in the dream will happen in the reality.
 The method of Ce Zi. “The oneiromancer departs a Chinese character into several parts and endows them with special symbolic meaning, and uses these meaning to tell the fortune.” (汤叶舟 2015, 84）
 The method of Xie Yin. It means the oneiromancer compare the dream with the omen in reality, and find out the same pronunciation of them to judge the dream is good or not good.
 The method of Yi Xiang. It means to highlight a single thing in the dream then endow it with special meaning. And the omen from the dream would be got after comparing it with the reality.

=== Huangdi Neijing ===
Huangdi Neijing is the first medical book in China, which contains Lingshu and Suwen these two sections. “This book uses Huangdi as a part of its name, which is finished between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Qin and Han Dynasties. It is not finished in a short time, an also be done with only one man. It comprehensively summarizes medical achievements before the Qin and Han Dynasties, laying the foundation of theoretical basis of TCM.” (王凤香 2007，23)
Though it is a medical book, it also refers to oneirology, and analyzes the causes of dream, the mechanism of dream formation and the syndrome differentiation and treatment of dream syndrome.
Huangdi Neijing explores the reason why dreams happen in many aspects, and there are six points about it:
 The attack of Liu Yin Xie Qi. In TCM, Liu Yin Xie Qi means six pathogenesis cause by eternal stimulus: wind, coldness, heat (often happens in the summer), wetness, dryness, and heat. When failing to adapt to the changeable weathers, people may feel ill and then dreams occur.
 The influence brought by the change of Qiqing. Qiqing refers to seven emotions: happiness, anger, concern, missing, sorrow, scare and fear. Huangdi Neijing reckons that they would happen in dreams, thus their variations in dreams could reflect the physiological and pathological basis of different viscera.
 The dysfunction of viscera.
 The qi of yin and yang in the human body becomes over strong or over weak.
 The state of the body itself.
 Inappropriate treatment.
About the mechanism of dream formation, the book uses these four theories to analyze it: Yin Yang theory, Five-element theory, viscera picture theory and Ying Wei theory.
In terms of the syndrome differentiation and treatment of dream syndrome, Huangdi Neijing takes Yin and Yang as the general principle of dream syndrome differentiation, brings the syndrome differentiation of viscera into the system of dream syndrome differentiation, and carries out the etiological analysis and differentiation. For the treatment of dream syndrome, the book states that one is to implement the general principle of “实则泻之，虚则补之”; and the other one is “合于五诊”.

=== The Interpretation of Dreams ===
The Interpretation of Dreams is a psychological work by Sigmund Freud, a psychologist from Austria and the founder of psychoanalysis. He interprets dreams by many experiments with a rational thinking, and pioneers modern dream interpretation.
In this book, “Freud argues that dreams contain meaningful information about the dreamer’s unfulfilled, unconscious wishes.” (William J. Jenkins 2017, 10) That is to say that in Freud’s perspective, dream represents a wish-fulfilment. And he also uses an example to explain it: “If, in the evening, I eat anchovies, olives, or other strongly salted foods, I am thirsty at night, and therefore I wake. The waking, however, is preceded by a dream, which has always the same content, namely, that I am drinking.” And he draws a conclusion on it: “From this sensation arises the wish to drink, and the dream shows me this wish as fulfilled.” (Sigmund Freud 1999, 25-26)
Therefore, Freud mainly uses psychoanalysis to interpret dreams, which is quite different from Chinese dream interpretation methods. And what is the most different point is that he uses sex to interpret dreams from a perspective of a psychologist, so he presents the famous Oedipus complex and Electra complex in this book.

=== References ===
 Freud, Sigmund. (1999). The Interpretation of Dreams. New York: Oxford University Press.
 Jenkins, W. J. (2017). An Analysis of Sigmund Freud’s The Interpretation of Dreams. London: Macat Library.
 Ong, R. K. (1981). The interpretation of dreams in ancient China. Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
 Tnag Yezhou 汤叶舟. (2015). 以《周公解梦》和《梦的解析》为例研究中西方释梦差异性. [Taking the book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams and The Interpretation of Dreams as examples to study the differences between Chinese and Western dream interpretation.] 文化学刊 Culture Journal, (11):84-86.
 Wang Fengxiang 王凤香. (2007). 黄帝内经梦象研究 [A Study on the dream image of Huangdi Neijing]. 北京中医药大学 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 2007.
 Wang Jian 王健. (2012). 中西方释梦的差异—以《周公解梦》和《梦的解析》为例 [Differences between Chinese and Western Dream Interpretation—A Case study of the book Duke of Zhou Interpreting Dreams and The Interpretation of Dreams]. 北方文学(下半月) Northern Literature, (09):217-218.
 Yun Peiji 贠培基. (2012). 以陈明主编的《周公解梦》为例剖析花样繁多的现代版周公解梦 [Taking Chen Ming's The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams as an example, the modern version of the book Duke of Zhou interprets dreams with various patterns]. 科学与无神论 Science and Atheism, (03):46-49.
 Zhai Shuangqing, Chen Zijie 翟双庆, 陈子杰. (2008). 有关《黄帝内经》梦学理论的总结 [A summary of the dream theory in Huangdi Neijing]. 中华中医药学会第九届内经学术研讨会论文集 Proceedings of the 9th Seminar on Neijing of Chinese Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2008:141-147.

=== Terms and Expressions ===
The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams 《周公解梦》
Zhouli Chunguan 《周礼春官》
Huangdi Neijing 《黄帝内经》
The Interpretation of Dreams 《梦的解析》
TCM 中医
Oneirology 梦学
Yin and Yang 阴阳
Liu Yin Xie Qi 六淫邪气
Qiqing 七情

=== Questions ===
1. How many methods of interpreting dreams in the book Duke of Zhou interprets dreams?
A. One B. Two C. Five D. Four
2. Huangdi Neijing is a __________________.
A. Medical book B. Mystery novel C. short novel D. story book
3. The Interpretation of dreams is written by ___________.
A. Jung Carl Gustav B. Sigmund Freud C. The Duke of Zhou D. Alfred Adler
4. How many kinds of dreams in Zhouli Chunguan?
A. Seven B. Five C. Four D. Six
5. Freud interprets dreams by _____________.
A. Asking for the God B. Psychoanalysis C. the position of the moon and stars D. physical condition

=== Answers ===
Correct answers are:
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. B

==202270081693 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin 英语口译(English interpretation)==

Topic: Translation strategies of English animal idioms

Abstract: Idioms are an indispensable part of language, which is the crystallization of languages, carrying a lot of cultural factors and concentrating in the culture factors, with plenty of idiomatic expression. Throughout the history, animals plays an important role in our life, bringing joys and company to us and become part of family. Therefore, especially in western cultures, there are many English animal idioms, which containing specific cultural meanings. People use different animals to express their feelings and ideas. This paper will first analyze the definition of English animal idioms. Also, the author will talks about some English idioms with classified animals. What’s more, the author will provide some translation strategies in translating those animal idioms.

==202270081645 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 英语笔译(English translation)==
==The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China==
<center>刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 202270081645</center>
===Abstract===
The Imperial examination is a system in which feudal dynasties selected officials and talents through examinations. The Imperial Examination System had a profound impact on ancient China. Therefore, it is very necessary and significant to understand and study the Imperial Examination System. This paper will introduce the origin and development of the Imperial Examination System, describe the types and contents of it in detail, and finally, expound its significance.
===Key Words===
The Imperial examination system, ancient China, history, culture
===题目===
中国古代的科举制度
===摘要===
科举考试是封建王朝通过考试选拔官员和人才的制度。科举制度对中国古代产生了深远的影响。因此，了解和研究科举制度是非常必要和有意义的。本文将介绍科举制度的起源和发展，详细描述科举制度的类型和内容，最后阐述科举制度的意义。
===Introduction===
===Origin===
During the Wei, Jin dynasties, the emperor adopted the method of "Nine-rank system" to select talents. However, the system was controlled by powerful families, and only the children of senior officials could be officials, which led to the solidification of the class and the inability to appoint people on the basis of capability. Whereas, in order to consolidate their rule, the rulers also gradually changed their talent selection. Some contents of the imperial examination had already sprout in the Han Dynasty, but this paper still considers the Sui Dynasty as the real origin. The book ''Datang Xinyu'' wrote by Liu Su said:" Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty changed the Ming and Jin two subjects"(周奇金滢坤, 2022). It was the Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty who changed the examination to regular, held every year, further carried forward, and finally became a clear beginning of the system.
Emperor Yang Jian of Sui dynasty understood the danger of being subject to the high rank and nobility, abolishing the "Nine-rank system". He carried out the system of selecting scholars by subject, and set up state and county schools to test students, and the state could also send talents to the central government for examination and employment. Emperor Yang set up Jinshi Branch, the school students can directly apply for the school, not to the state, county entrance examination, after passing the state, county sent to the central examination(李亚彬, 2020). Sui Dynasty broke through the old rules of the previous dynasties and created a considerable number of new subjects, which started the system of the Tang Dynasty. The standard of selecting talents gradually changed from morality to examination.
===Development===
However, Sui dynasty lasted only thirty-seven years, which meant that the imperial examination system had been introduced in the Sui dynasty but could not be further developed. Therefore, the important task was carried out by the rulers of the Tang dynasty. Tang dynasty attached great importance to the cultivation and selection of talents. After the founding of the Tang dynasty, several generations of rulers put the emphasis on to the imperial examination and took relevant measures. The first emperor of Tang Gaozu Li Yuan put forward the regular date of“every october”to go to the court for examination, and clarified the local pre-examination of the state and county, which is equivalent to the "Provincial Examination" method of later generations. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, greatly expanded the scale of the college, the school cottages and increased the number of students. Wu Zetian set up a military examination. It held by the Ministry of War examiners, mainly to assess students 'military strength. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, poetry and Fu became the main examination content of Jinshi. Also, during his reign, the court admitted many talented people. The method of selecting scholars by poetry and Fu also greatly promoted the prosperity of Tang poetry(王一汕, 2010).
Song Dynasty was also an important period for the development and reform of the imperial examination system. After the development of Tang Dynasty, the imperial examination system of Song Dynasty became mature and complete(邓叶倩, 2019). For one thing, in terms of the form, in Song dynasty, the emperor's personal visit to the palace examination turned into a custom. At the same time, reform measures such as sealing and transcription were taken. Sealing(Mi Feng), that is, the examinee's name, native place and other records on the examination paper sealed up. Transcription is that the palace examination papers will be sent to copy by other people, and then examine the official review. These measures greatly increased the fairness of the examniation, so that more talented and learned people can enter the officialdom, and these reforms even had a profound impact on the modern examination system. However, these measures required a large amount of manpower and material resources, so by the reign of Emperor Yingzong of the Song dynasty, the imperial examination was officially held every three years. For another, as for the content, Song dynasty strengthened the status and importance of Ce Lun in the imperial examination. With the rise of Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty, the ability of thinking also became an important standard for assessment. In the Song Dynasty, the emperors abolished the examination of poetry and Fu, and replaced it with the examination of the meaning, theory and policy of the classics.
Since then, the basic form and content of the imperial examination system tend to be complete. The imperial examination was held every three years, mainly divided into the provincial examination, the metropolitan examination and the palace examination. In the autumn, the provincial examination was held by each state, The first name is Jieyuan. The metropolitan examination was held in the spring of the following year by the Ministry of Rites, the first name will be called Huiyuan. The palace examination was held in the following month and presided over by the emperor. The first name was Zhuangyuan. Getting the first place three times in a row is known as the "the three consecutive Yuan(Lian Zhong San Yuan)", and ancient China has also appeared such talents. Through the layer upon layer selection at district, provincial and national levels, outstanding talents are called “jinshi”. Such elites obtained qualifications to enter the final examination hosted by the emperor, and were conferred different ranks official positions according to their performance. Because of this, the imperial examination system (keju) had become the main way for all civilians to start their official careers (Ho, 1962).
===Completion===
The Yuan dynasty saw an eighty-year suspension of the imperial examinations, which were later restored, but with increasing inequality, mainly to protect the privileges of the Mongols and reduce the number of Han officials. This phenomenon did not change until the establishment of the Ming Dynasty. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the period when the imperial examination system was flourishing, but it was also the period when it was ending.
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the imperial power gradually reached its peak. In order to consolidate the imperial power, the rulers took the imperial examination system as the most important tool to absorb talents. The social atmosphere gradually changed, and many scholars took the imperial examination as their lifelong goal, and "To be a scholar is to be the top of society." became the motto of most scholars at that time.
With the increasing importance of the imperial examination, the emperors carried out a series of reforms on it. First, the imperial examinations in the Ming and Qing dynasties became a huge system with various levels, rules and regulations. In addition to the above-mentioned several types of examinations, there are new types of examinations: the imperial examinations to admit scholars and county examination(Barry O’Sullivan, 2022), a total of five types of examinations. As a result, many people began to study hard for the imperial examination from a very young age, devoting their whole lives to the imperial examination system. The minimum age for the examination was greatly lowered during this period.
In terms of examination content. To further strengthen their rule and control over the people's thoughts, the rulers of the Qing dynasty limited the imperial examinations to stereotyped writing(bagu). The stereotyped writing(bagu) are that the paragraphs written in the examination articles are fixed, and the scope of the examination is also set and limited to the Four Books and Five Classics, and no other ideas are allowed to exist. Under the implementation of this kind of policy, the stereotyped writing fettered the scholar's thought, and the theory of Chengs and Zhu Xi became rigid under the guidance of the imperial examination system. Scholars have spent their whole lives studying the writing of stereotyped writing, lacking understanding of politics and social reality. Intellectuals 'thinking is solidified and they weren’t able to think out of box. Gu Yanwu, the great mind in late Ming dynasty, once said: "The harm of stereotyped writing is equivalent to burning books." From the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the advantages of selecting scholars from stereotyped writing increasingly decreased and the disadvantages gradually increased, which became one of the important factors for the stagnation of national development and the decline of national strength in the late Qing Dynasty.
===End===
In the late Qing Dynasty, due to foreign aggression, China continued to cede territory and pay reparations, and popular discontent ran high. The Qing Dynasty was in serious crisis and emperors wanted to consolidate the rule through reform. Meanwhile, the westernization movement continued to develop, and many western thoughts and ideas spread to China as well(徐云, 2022). Therefore, in order to meet requirements of national development, the content of the imperial examination was constantly adjusted, and the stereotyped writing was gradually abolished. However, the disadvantages of the imperial examination system had been irreversible detrimental and could not become beneficial through reform. Thus, The imperial examination system, frst administered in 605 CE during the Sui dynasty, continued almost uninterrupted until it was finally abandoned in 1905 CE(Barry O’Sullivan, 2022). At this point, the imperial examination system completely withdrew from the stage of history.
===Conclusion===
As a culture formed by the evolution and development of the Chinese civilization for five thousand years, the traditional Chinese culture reflects the characteristics and features of the Chinese nation. As one of the basic components and core elements of traditional Chinese culture, the imperial examination system not only has a significant impact on the history of nearly 1,300 years, but also plays an important role in modern Chinese culture and civil servant examination system.
The 1300 years' imperial examination tradition of selecting officials has given the Chinese nation legitimate reasons and cultural confidence to adhere to the system of selecting talents by examination, but on the basis of adhering to the system, we should carefully study the history and cultural connotation of the imperial examination system, timely update the content standard of selecting talents, so as to provide more profound cultural capital for the great rejuvenation of the contemporary Chinese nation.

===Reference===
[1]O’ Sullivan, Barry, and Liying Cheng. "Lessons from the Chinese imperial examination system." Language Testing in Asia 12.1 (2022): 1-20.
[2]Ho, P., 1962. The Ladder of Success in Imperial China: Aspects of Social Mobility. Columbia University Press.
[3]周奇[Zhou Qi], 金滢坤[Jin Yingkun]."论隋代察举制向科举制的转变."[The transformation from investigation examination system to Imperial Examination System in Sui Dynasty] 人文杂志[''Humanities journal''] .05(2022):129-140.
[4]李亚彬[Li Yabin]."问史——科举制何以终结门阀士族."[A Question of History - Why the Imperial examination system ended the royal families]. 博览群书[''Well Read''] .06(2020):37-41.
[5]王一汕[Wang Yishan]."唐朝科举制与文化繁荣."[The Imperial Examination and cultural Prosperity in Tang Dynasty] 历史学习[''History Learning''] .03(2010):19-20.
[6]邓叶倩[Deng Yeqian]."论中国古代科举制度及其影响." [The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China and its Influence.]汉字文化[''Chinese Character Culture''].14(2019):66+79.
[7]徐云[Xu Yun]."科举制度废除：过程、原因及影响探讨."[The abolition of the Imperial Examination System: A probe into the Process, Causes and Effects.] 今古文创[''Modern and Ancient Literary Creation''] .43(2022):64-66.
===Reference===
The Imperial Examination System 科举制度
Nine-rank system 九品中正制
Datang Xinyu 《大唐新语》
Jinshi 进士
Provincial Examination 乡试
Wu Zetian 武则天
Ministry of War 兵部
Sealing and transcription 弥封和誊录
Neo-Confucianism 儒家理学
Metropolitan examination 会试
Palace examination 殿试
Ministry of Rites 礼部
The three consecutive Yuan (Lian Zhong San Yuan) 连中三元
To be a scholar is to be the top of society 万般皆下品，惟有读书高
the imperial examinations to admit scholars 童试
county examination 院试
stereotyped writing 八股文
The harm of stereotyped writing is equivalent to burning books. 八股之害，甚于焚书
===Questions===
1.When was the imperial examination system abolished？
A.1905 B.1907 C.1904 D.1908
2.What are the types of imperial examinations in Ming and Qing Dynasties?
A.the imperial examinations to admit scholars B.county examination C.provincial examination D.metropolitan examination E.palace examination.
3.What are the reasons for the abolition of stereotyped writing?
===Questions===
Correct answers are：
1.A
2.ABCDE
3. (1) Foreign invasion and compensation caused the Qing Dynasty to fall into crisis. (2) When western ideas were introduced into China, the stereotyped writing was already backward and could not meet the needs of national development. (3) The Qing government's policy was weak and the reform on keju was useless.

==202270081694 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing 英语口译(English interpretation)==
刘雨晴Liu Yuqing, 202270081694

== '''Abstract''' ==

Chinese people attach great importance to family, which makes family an important part of Chinese culture. The traditional family structure in China mainly consists of Joint Family, stem family, and nuclear family. However, along with the profound changes that have occurred in modern China, the Chinese family structure is also changing, with the nuclear family gradually becoming the dominant family structure and marriage becoming more liberal and the divorce rate increasing. At the same time, there is a growing trend toward gender equality in family relations. Of course, the reasons behind the changes in family structure cannot be separated from the development of society, policy changes, transition in social ideology and even the influence of globalization. In turn, the transition in family structure also has an impact on education and social and economic development.

== '''Key Words''' ==

family structure;changes; nuclear family

== '''题目''' ==

中国传统家庭结构的变化

== '''摘要''' ==

中国人非常重视家庭，家庭是中国文化的重要组成部分。中国的传统家庭结构主要包括联合家庭、直系家庭、核心家庭。然而，伴随着现代中国发生的深刻变化，中国的家庭结构也在发生变化，核心家庭逐渐成为家庭结构的主导，婚姻变得更加自由，离婚率不断上升。同时，家庭关系中的性别平等趋势也越来越明显。当然，家庭结构变化背后的原因离不开社会的发展、政策的变化、社会意识形态的转型，甚至全球化的影响。反过来，家庭结构的转型也会对教育和社会经济发展产生影响。

== '''关键词''' ==

家庭结构；变化；核心家庭；

'''I. The main types of traditional Chinese family structures'''

1.Joint Family
A joint family is usually a large undivided family where members of more than two generation live together under one roof (grandparents, parents, uncles, aunts, their children or even grandchildren). This kind of family is large in size and is usually headed by the eldest member of the family. The responsibility of making decisions rests with the head of the family, although family members can give suggestions. After marriage, the children also live in the same house along with other family members. This family structure was common among wealthy families in ancient China. For example, the family structure in the Dream of the Red Chamber is a typical joint family.
2. Stem family
A stem family consists of parents and one married child, his or her spouse and offspring. It has three generations (or even four), but each generation has at most one couple. It is also known as a medium-sized family. For example, in a stem family, there are grandparents, parents and children, but it does not include uncles and aunts. In terms of size, it is smaller than a joint family while bigger than a nuclear family.
3. Nuclear family
Nuclear family refers to the core members of a family, usually two parents and their children. Children are included only while they’re young enough to live with their parents. This family unit became widely recognized because it’s where many of society’s rules and norms are passed along from parent to child. Sociologists see the concept of a nuclear family as a fundamental building block of society.

'''II. Characteristics of traditional family structure'''

According to the records, in the mid to late 18th century of China, the proportion of nuclear family was over 50%, stem family about 30% and joint family less than 10%. This indicates that nuclear family had become the dominant family form in the society at that time. And the following are the main features within the traditional family structure:
1. Men are Superior to Women and husband guides wife .This feature constitutes the basic structure of the traditional family. As Fei Xiaotong said, the core of a tradition family relationship is the parent-child relationship while the relationship between husband and wife is unimportant.
2. The eldest son has equal inheritance rights with the other brothers. The family became smaller and smaller. Finally, it stayed in the model of a nuclear family. The daughter has no right to inherit, but has the right to get a dowry. The so-called wealth only within three generations is the embodiment of this inheritance system of dividing family assets and the reason why there are few large families in China.
3. Marriage is decided by parents
Children have no marital autonomy. Marriage is often decided by parents. The daughter may have never had any contacts with the husband's family before marrying him, and the wife should be subordinate to her husband.
4. The traditional family has mixed functions, including economic, nurturing, support, affection, support, etc.

'''III. The transition of family structure from traditional to modern.'''

Since the reform and opening up, social resources have been relatively abundant and every aspect of the family has changed dramatically.
1. The family is becoming more nuclearized. Since many of the functions of the family, such as production, education, and support of elders, have been replaced by society. Society has built a large number of nursery schools and nursing homes, it is not necessary to maintain a large family size to perform these functions.
2. Some other types of family structures have emerged. These are: single person families, cohabiting families and even some homosexual cohabiting families.
3. Marriage tends to be autonomous and divorce rate increases. In contemporary times, divorce has also become common, the way of divorce has become more civilized, and more and more divorces are initiated by the wife. In addition, remarriage in old age has been widely accepted by the society, and there is a new trend of the younger generation matching and organizing weddings for their parents.
4. Increasing trend of gender equality in family relations. In today's families, the traditional patriarchy is disappearing and the concept of male superiority over female has been fundamentally changed. There is a tendency for family members to discuss with each other, to make democratic decisions, and to be democratic and egalitarian.

'''IV. Causes behind the changes in family structure'''

1. The One-Child policy has had a huge impact on the structure and size of families in China.
In the late 1970s, The One-Child policy was introduced in China as a national policy. This policy has had a decisive effect on the structure and size of families in China, promoting the trend of the nuclear family. Since the main purpose of the One-Child policy was to reduce the birth rate of each family. Only one child is allowed in urban families and no more than two in rural families (except for ethnic minority areas) and the government was promoting the concept of equality between men and women. A large number of “the only child” are born in cities. In addition, most young married couples live apart from their parents after marriage, thus more and more nuclear families have emerged. The number of empty nest families has also increased.
2. With the development of economy, many responsibilities of the family were assumed by the society, thus nuclear family became more dominating. The tradition family assumed responsibilities such as nurturing children, support the elders and production. But in modern times, economic development has also promoted the division of labor and the development of the social welfare system, and various institutions have emerged in society to help assume some of the family obligations. For example, nursing homes can help take care of the elders, and nurseries or schools can help care for the children. In this way, the adult workforce in the family can devote more energy to their work. In addition, since older couples have pensions and retirement funds after retirement, they can live without relying on their children after retirement, and they prefer to live separately from their children to avoid the tension that may arise between the two generations of couples.
3. The influence of globalization on the family concept in China since the reform and opening up.
Since the opening up, western ideas have come into China, and the younger generation has been increasingly influenced by western family concepts. The emphasis on self-independence in the Western family concept has a great influence on young people. For example, premarital cohabitation, trial marriage, free love, celibacy, gender equality and so on. These concepts have caused an unprecedented impact on the traditional family concept in China. A lot of media reports about western families flooded into our lives, which also had an important impact on our young generation.

'''V. Influences follow the changes'''

1. Impact of changing family structure on family education
The size of the family has shrunk and parents have become more concerned with their children's development. Children are seen as an individual with a sense of independence, personality and individuality, and the goal of parents in raising their children shifted from “glorifying their ancestors” to achieving the all-round development of the child, freedom of personality and perfection of character.
2. The impact of changes in family structure on the economy
As the basic consumption unit of society, the family not only creates new social demand, but also influences social supply. As the population grows and the joint family gradually divides, many new families are created. The rapid increase in the number of households inevitably leads to a simultaneous increase in the demand for many goods, such as housing and furnishings, matching kitchen and sanitary equipment, high-end durable household appliances, furniture sets, cars and household services. In addition, smaller families have more needs for enjoyment and development, higher expectations for their children, and relatively higher expenditures for their children's education and training; With the number of elderly families, especially empty nesters t, continues to increase, there will be a significant increase in elderly living goods and facilities to serve the elderly. These changes in demand structure provide an important basis for corresponding adjustments in the supply structure.

== '''References''' ==
[1] 王跃生，当代中国家庭结构变动分析[J].中国社会科学，2006（01）
[2] 王跃生，中国家庭结构变动与特征[J].人口与计划生育，2017（09）
[3] 胡亮，由传统到现代---中国家庭结构变迁特点及原因分析[J].西北人口，2004（2）
[4] 童辉杰，黄成毅，当代中国家庭结构的变迁及其社会影响[J].西北人口，2015（06）
[5]吴愈晓，王鹏，杜思佳，变迁中的中国家庭结构与青少年发展，中国社会科学，2018（2）

== '''Questions''' ==

1. What are the main types of traditional Chinese family structures? A. Stem family B. Joint family C.nuclear famliy D.composite family
2. When was the One-Child policy was introduced in China? A.In the late 1970s B.In the early 1970s C . In the late 1980s D. In the early 1980s.
3. Which type of family structures are realistically depicted in Dream of the Red Chamber? A. Stem family B. Joint family C.nuclear famliy D.composite family
4. Which types of family structure is the dominating one nowadays?A. Nuclear family B. Joint family C.Single-parent famliy D.Stem family

== '''Answers''' ==

1. A,B,C 2. A 3.B 4. A

=202270081710 鲁思 Lu Si 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)=
==Evolution and Characteristics of Ancient Currency in China==
<center>鲁思Lu Si，202270081710</center>
===Abstract===
Currency is the cultural essence of the development of civilizations of all nations for thousands of years, and is also the common material and spiritual wealth of mankind. China has been using money for 5,000 years. Due to the evolution of history, nearly tens of thousands of currencies (banknotes and coins) and colorful Chinese currency culture have been created, and a system with its own unique style has been formed.
=== Key Words ===
Ancient Currency，Monetary Evolution，Characteristics of Money
=== Introduction ===
China is one of the earliest countries in the world to use currency, with a history of 5,000 years. In the process of its formation and development, ancient China currency has undergone six major evolutions

=== Evolution of Ancient Currency ===
1.Evolution from natural currency to artificial currency.
Shell is the earliest currency in China. It was used as currency in Shang Dynasty. In all the China characters were related to value are mostly from "shell." With the development of commodity exchange, the demand for money was increasing, and seashell could not meet people's demand. People began to imitate seashell with copper in Shang Dynasty.The appearance of copper coin is an important evolution from natural currency to artificial currency in the history of ancient currency in China. With the extensive use of artificial coins, seashells, a natural currency, gradually withdrew from the monetary stage of China.

2.Evolution from disordered shape to unified shape.
From the appearance of copper coins in Shang Dynasty to the Warring States Period, there were many shapes of currency in our country. During the Warring States Period, not only countries made their own money, but also all regions within a vassal country made their own money. It is famous for the spade-shaped coin of Zhao, the sword-shaped coin Qi, the round square hole coins of Qin and the Each within Zhu（commonly known ant nose money） of Chu各内朱俗称蚁鼻钱. After the Qin Dynasty unified China, also the currency. the First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty promulgated the earliest currency law in China in 210 B.C., which stipulated that ‘banliang’, at first called ring money and later ‘fang kong yuan qian’(Circular Coin with a Square Hole).After the unification of Qin, ‘banliang’ coin was spread around the whole country. The unification of currency ended the disorder state of different shapes and weights of ancient currency in China, and was an important evolution from disordered shape to standardized shape in the history of ancient currency in China. The shape of this round square hole, which was determined by Qin Banliang coin, continued until the early period of the Republic of China.

3.Evolution from local coinage to central coinage.
In the early days of the Han Dynasty, the county was allowed to freely cast money. According to the records of Han Shu·Monograph on Food and Currency , Emperor Wen "except for the order of stealing and casting money, the people let the casting go," so "stealing and casting rose like clouds." This not only caused the chaos of the currency, but also made the rich merchants manipulate the right to coin, rich than the emperor. In 118 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered new coins of five baht to be cast because banliang of coins were stolen and cast continuously, and allowed all prefectures to cast them, commonly known as "five baht of prefectures." In 113 B. C., Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took back the right of coining coins in the county state, and the three officials of Shanglin unified the coinage of five baht coins, which became the only legal currency at that time. From then on, the unified management of coin minting and issuing by the central government was determined, which was an important evolution from local coinage to central coinage in the history of ancient China currency. Since then, the coins of the past dynasties have been directly managed by the central government. The centralization of the coinage right played an important role in stabilizing the political situation and economic development of each dynasty.

4.From the weight of documents to the evolution of Tongbao（通宝） and Yuanbao（元宝）.
Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, coins usually have a clear indication of the weight of the money, such as "banliang,""wuzhu coin" and so on (twenty-four baht for one liang). In the fourth year of Emperor Gaozu 's reign (621), Li Yuan decided to reform the currency system, abolish the ancient coins of different weights, take the meaning of "opening up a new era," and uniformly cast "Kaiyuan Tongbao" coins. "Kaiyuan Tongbao" is an anti-Qin and Han Dynasty old system, money does not write weight, is China 's ancient currency from the weight of documents to Tongbao, Yuan Bao evolution. "Kaiyuan Tongbao" money is the earliest Tongbao money in China. Since then, China 's copper coins no longer use money to mark the weight, are to Tongbao, Yuanbao commensurate, it has been used until the Revolution of 1911 "Republic of China Tongbao."

5.The evolution of metal currency to paper money "Jiaozi."
In the Northern Song Dynasty, with the development of exchange, the amount of currency in circulation increased. When Taizong of the Northern Song Dynasty, the annual coin was 800,000 Guan, which gradually increased later. Because of the shortage of copper material for casting coins, the government made up for the shortage of copper coins by casting iron coins in large quantities in some areas. According to the records of Song History, the iron coins cast in Sichuan at that time always weighed 25 catties and eight liang. To buy a piece of silk in Sichuan, you have to pay 130 jin of iron money. Iron money is so heavy and inconvenient that the paper money "Jiaozi" printed by the Northern Song Dynasty came into being in Sichuan. Song Zhenzong, under the permission of the government, by Chengdu 16 rich households jointly operated. The appearance of "Jiaozi" is an important evolution from metal currency to paper currency in the ancient monetary history of our country. "Jiaozi" is not only the earliest paper money in China, but also the earliest paper money in the world.

6.Evolution from Manual Coining to Mechanized Paper Money.
In the late Qing Dynasty, with the gradual introduction of foreign advanced science and technology, Guangxu years began to buy coin-making machines abroad for making silver yuan and copper yuan. Later, Guangdong began to machine non-porous when ten copper dollars. As manufacturers made huge profits, provinces followed suit. The appearance of mechanism currency in the late Qing Dynasty is the evolution from manual coinage to mechanism currency in the ancient currency history of our country. From then on, not only the craft of casting money has undergone major changes, but also the circulation of more than 2,000 years of round square hole money died.

=== Characteristics of Ancient Currency ===
From the historical perspective, China's ancient monetary system has several characteristics.

1.The separation of monetary functions. In ancient China, gold and silver were used as a store of value, as a means of payment for international trade, and as a unit of account. But the medium of exchange in circulation is mainly borne by copper coins. Gold and silver coins have been minted in all generations, but they are more of a form of money, more of a position of luxury jewelry, used to hide wealth, used to give gifts, used to bribe, used as reserves. Copper coins were minted in large quantities as a means of payment. The nature of copper coin determines that its surface value is greater than the value of actual coinage materials, which is actually credit currency. Unfortunately, the seigniorage was hard to resist throughout the ages, and copper coins had a long history of inflation, with many instances of weight loss and devaluation. This also taught the common people that they would not use copper coins as a means of hiding wealth, but only as a means of circulation. According to the principle of "bad money drives out good money," they should spend what they have, leaving only gold and silver coins in their hands.

2.Currency casting and circulation are regional. In ancient China, coin casting was managed by different places. The sword coins of the pre-Qin Dynasty were cast by various cities, and the place names would be indicated on the coins. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, silver dollars were also cast and issued by various provinces, with place names on them. Not only is casting regional, but so is currency circulation. Of course, when the warlords were separated from each other, the Three Kingdoms era was definitely a regional currency circulation. Even in the period of political unification, the regionalism of currency circulation is still widespread. For example, in the Northern Song Dynasty, Jingdong, Jingxi 13 Road exercise copper coins; Chengdu and other four roads exercise iron money, Shaanxi, Hedong copper money, iron money both. Until liberation, the circulation of money throughout the country was not unified.

3.It has not paid attention to the innovation of monetary technology for a long time. The casting method is not advanced, resulting in uneven color and weight of currency. Although the process is exquisite, it has not formed an industrialized, expandable and large-scale banknote printing and coin-making project, so the quality of currency is very problematic.

=== References ===
 Chen Hui陈慧.(2022). 中国古代货币的演变与发展论析 [On the Evolution and Development of Ancient China Currency].产业与科技论坛 Industry and Technology Forum (09):60-61.

 Peng Xinwei 彭信威. (1965). 中国货币史 [The History of Chinese Currency]. Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Publishing House] 上海人民出版社.

 Liu Ruixuan, Wang Di刘芮瑄,王娣.(2020). 中国古代货币演变简述 [A Brief Introduction to the Evolution of Ancient Chinese Currency]. 科教文汇(上旬刊) Science and Education Collection (04):169-170.DOI:10.16871/j.cnki.kjwha.2020.04.072.

 Ma Tao, Song Dan马涛,宋丹.(2009). 论中国古代货币范畴的特点 [On the Characteristics of Currency Category in Ancient China]. 财经研究 Financial Research . (11):26-36.DOI:10.16538/j.cnki.jfe.2009.11.010.

 Tuo Tuo 脱脱. (1985). 宋史 [The History of Song Dynasty]. Peking: China Publishing House 中华书局.

 Yan Caiyun燕彩云.(2005). 中国古代货币的演变 [The Evolution of Ancient China Currency]. 中学历史教学 History Teaching in Middle School (07):51.

=== Terms and Expressions ===
spade-shaped coin 布币，铲币.
sword-shaped coin 刀币.
Ant nose money 蚁鼻钱.
Wuzhu Coin 五铢钱.
Han Shu·Monograph on Food and Currency 《汉书·食货志》.
History of the Song Dynasty 《宋史》.

=== Questions ===
1.The world's first paper money ()
A.spade-shaped coin B.Jiaozi C.Tongbao D.Wuzhu Coin

2.After the unification of the Qin Dynasty, the unified currency used throughout the country was ()
A.sword-shaped coin B.spade-shaped coin C.Fang kong yuan qian D.Wuzhu Coin

3. Which of the following are the characteristics of ancient China currency()
A.currency casting and circulation are regiona
B.distinguish one's status
C.the separation of monetary functions
D.it has not paid attention to the innovation of monetary technology for a long time

4."Kaiyuan Tongbao" money is the earliest Tongbao money in China. True or False（）
A.True B.False

=== Answers ===
Correct answers are:
1. B
2. C
3. ACD
4. A

==202270081711 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)==
==Chinese Imperial Harem Rivalry Drama==
<center>陆玉琴Lu Yuqin, 202270081711</center>.
===Abstract===
Chinese Imperial Harem Rivalry Dramas are dramas set in ancient China's feudal dynasties, with female characters such as harem concubines or female officials as the main subjects of the story, and with characters' emotional entanglements or political power struggles as the main plot lines.
===题目===
中国宫斗剧
===摘要===
宫斗剧是指以中国古代封建王朝为背景，将后宫嫔妃或女官等女性角色做为故事主体，以人物情感纠葛或政治权力倾轧为剧情主线的电视剧集。
===关键词===
imperial harem rivalry drama, feudal dynasties，female characters
===Introduction===
In ancient China, there was a well known saying to describe ancient emperor’s concubines which is “3,000 beauties live in the inner court”. Imperial harem rivalry drama uses " imperial harem " as the narrative space and " rivalry " as the narrative theme. (Wang Siqi 2020, 4) It focuses on entertainment and playful interpretation, and are somewhat different from historical dramas. In this kind of drama, the emperor’s concubines intrigued against each other for the emperor's favor and their power, which takes full advantage of the viewers' curiosity about the ancient court. Imperial harem rivalry dramas are loved by viewers for their tense, exciting and bizarre plots. ''War and Beauty'', which was broadcasted in 2004, established the art form of imperial harem rivalry dramas. In 2012, ''Empresses in the Palace'' pushed imperial harem rivalry dramas to the peak. Imperial harem rivalry dramas have taken an important place in the Chinese TV drama market.
===''Empresses in the Palace''===
''Empresses in the Palace'', written by Liu Lianzi and later directed by Zheng Xiaolong, is by far the most popular Chinese imperial harem rivalry drama. It tells a story about how an innocent young girl named Zhen Huan entered the Forbidden City and eventually defeated other concubines with her wits and schemes during the relentless palace fighting and ultimately became the Empress Dowager herself. (Mengyuan Yin & Honghong Zhou 2019, 83)

Zhen Huan was chosen for the Emperor Yong Zheng’s harem. After entering the palace, She was caught in the fierce infighting between the empress and the concubines. Zhen Huan gradually became a calculating woman in the harem. After helping emperor defeat Consort Hua, Zhen Huan was framed by empress, and she also learned that the emperor liked her only because she looked like her former lover, Empress Chunyuan, who was current empress’s elder sister and was killed by her. After giving birth to her daughter, Zhen Huan chose to leave the palace to have monastic life. Outside the palace, Zhen Huan was taken care of by Yunli, emperor’s younger brother. They fell in love and planed to go far away. However, when the fake news of the death of Yunli came, in order to save Yunli’s child growing in her belly and to rescue her seriously ill father, Zhen Huan designed to make emperor meet her and returned to the palace. She was able to evade the Empress's trap several times and eventually brought her down. However, the emperor detected Zhen Huan's affair with Yunli and ordered Zhen Huan to kill Yunli. Finally, Zhen Huan conspired with Ye Lanyi to commit regicide. Zhen Huan's adopted son ascended to the throne and Zhen Huan was honored as the Empress Dowager.
===''Story of Yanxi Palace''===
In the summer of 2018, the popularity of “Story of Yanxi Palace” directed by Yu Zheng rose sharply, becoming a leader in imperial harem rivalry dramas over the same period with a high range of influence and a high degree of discussion. (Han Mao,Jingru Liu & Zihan Qu 2021, 1) The TV series tells the story of Wei Yingluo, a palace maid, who, with her courage, quick wit, and broad mind, resolved the difficulties in the court and eventually became Consort Ling who helped Emperor Qian Long to realize “the times of prosperity”.

In order to seek the truth about her eldest sister's death, Wei Yingluo entered the Forbidden City as a palace maid. After an investigation, Yingluo confirmed that her sister's death was related to Hong Zhou, emperor’s brother, and is determined to get justice for her sister. The Empress Fucha was worried about Yingluo’s going astray and tried her best to give Yingluo warmth and help. Under the empress' careful tutelage, Yingluo became strong and upright, and put aside her grudges to live a serious life. The unfortunate death of the Empress makes Yingluo misunderstand Emperor Qianlong. The two went from mutual hostility to understanding and supporting each other. It was only before Yingluo's death that she informed Qianlong of Empress Fucha's deathbed entrustment that she hoped Yingluo accompany Qianlong and assist him to be a wise ruler. In the sixtieth year of the Qianlong era, the Qianlong emperor proclaimed Yong Yan, son of Yingluo, as the crown prince, while posthumously crowning the crown prince's mother Yingluo as Empress Xiao Yi. Yingluo finally used her whole life to fulfill her promise to Empress Fucha.
===Conclusion===
Compared to other costume dramas, imperial harem rivalry drama accomplishes a shift in narrative subject by deeply portraying female characters, with the theme of conflict shifting from the male, who had communicate power, to the female. Moreover, the main line of love in previous female dramas is diluted. The love between men and women is subjected to the main line of harem rivalry, and the love narrative is often used to highlight the image of female characters and as the reason for their character transformation. In addition, the portrayal of female characters in imperial harem rivalry drama has become more self-aware, and women are mostly no longer the appendages of men, but are equal to or even free from men, pursuing their own independence and having a sense of subjectivity.(Hu Ying 2021, 26)

In today's society, people need more pressure release and emotional catharsis, and imperial harem rivalry dramas meets their need.(Wang Maoru 2020, 178) In imperial harem rivalry drama, everyone viewer can find what they need: Academic success, the spread of information, survival in the workplace, power struggles, handsome men and beautiful women, etc.( Xiaoming LUO 2014, 178) This is the main reason of the success of imperial harem rivalry dramas.
===References===
王思齐.(2020).宫斗剧火爆的原因研判(硕士学位论文,海南大学).https://kns-cnki-net-443.webvpn.blcu.edu.cn/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD202101&filename=1020748194.nh

王茂入.(2020).《延禧攻略》对女性观众的心理满足分析. 卫星电视与宽带多媒体(05),178-179.

胡颖.(2021).清朝宫斗剧的类型化叙事研究(硕士学位论文,南京师范大学).https://kns-cnki-net-443.webvpn.blcu.edu.cn/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD202202&filename=1022405090.nh

Mengyuan Yin & Honghong Zhou.(2019).A Research on Mock Politeness —— A Case Study of the Legend of Zhen Huan..(eds.)Proceedings of the 5th Annual International Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development (SSCHD 2019)(pp.).Atlantis Press.

Han Mao,Jingru Liu & Zihan Qu.(2021).Chinese Traditional Aesthetics in Qing Palace Drama*-Take “Story of Yanxi Palace” as an example. E3S Web of Conferences. doi:10.1051/E3SCONF/202123605082.

Xiaoming LUO.(2014).The Impervious Zhen Huan. Frontiers of Literary Studies in China(3). doi:10.3868/s010-003-014-0026-1.
===Terms and Expressions===
imperial harem rivalry drama宫斗剧

War and Beauty金枝欲孽

Empresses in the Palace甄嬛传

Forbidden City紫禁城

Empress Dowager皇太后

Story of Yanxi Palace延禧攻略
===Questions===
1. When did the art form of imperial harem rivalry dramas establish?
A.2002 B.2003 C.2004 D. 2005

2. Which TV drama pushed imperial harem rivalry dramas to the peak?

A.War and Beauty B.Empresses in the Palace C.Story of Yanxi Palace D.Ruyi's Royal Love in the Palace

3. Compared to other costume dramas, What characteristics does imperial harem rivalry drama have?

A.A shift in narrative subject by deeply portraying female characters, with the theme of conflict shifting from the male, who had communicate power, to the female. B.The love between men and women is subjected to the main line of harem rivalry. C.The portrayal of female characters in imperial harem rivalry drama has become more self-aware D.All of above

4.What’s the main reason of the success of imperial harem rivalry dramas?

A. People need more pressure release and emotional catharsis, and imperial harem rivalry dramas meets their need. B.The clothes in imperial harem rivalry dramas are beautiful C.The actors of imperial harem rivalry dramas are famous.
===Answers===
Correct answers are:

1.C

2.B

3.D

4.A

==202270081705 马明宇 Ma Mingyu 日语笔译(Japanese translation)==
==The development of Chinese Animation==
<center>马明宇Ma Mingyu, 202270081705</center>
===Abstract===
Chinese animation started in the 1920s, inspired by French, German, Russian and mostly American productions. After decades of development, many excellent animations have been created, such as The Princess of Iron Fan, The Monkey King, Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother, Calabash Brothers and so on. Some of these have become household names and a symbol of Chinese culture.
===Key Words===
China, animation, development
===题目===
中国动画发展历程
===摘要===
中国动画起源于20世纪20年代,其灵感来自于法国、德国、俄罗斯和美国的大多数作品。经过几十年的发展，中国动画产业制造出许多优秀的动画作品，如《铁扇公主》、《大闹天宫》、《小蝌蚪找妈妈》、《葫芦兄弟》等等，其中一些作品已经家喻户晓，成为中国文化的一种象征。
===关键词===
中国，动画，发展
===I.The Enlightenment Period of Chinese Animation===
The period of germination and exploration of Chinese animation is 1922 to 1945. As early as 1918, American animation films landed on the Chinese mainland one after another with Shanghai as the center, which made the Chinese people in the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society at that time amazed by the strange animations. In the following 20 years, a group of people with lofty ideals represented by the Wan Brothers made great efforts to explore and learn with the goal of "creating Chinese own animations," becoming the founder of Chinese animations. In 1926, the Wan brothers created the Uproar in the Studio which had a great impact in the world. And in 1935, they made another great achievement by producing China 's first audio animation, The Camel Dance. Then, in 1941, under the influence of the American animation Snow White, the first large-scale animation of China, Princess Iron Fan, was produced, which was the fourth large-scale animation after the American animations Snow White, Lilliput and Pinocchio in the world film history, indicating that the animation level of China at that time was close to the leading level in the world. Unfortunately, the Chinese society was in turmoil at that time, and the new thing of animation did not spread to the mainland of the motherland, but could only be seen in big cities like Shanghai. Therefore, it was impossible for Chinese animation to form an industrialized development in that era. It was just a "novelty" at the time. With the outbreak of the Pacific War, the Wan brothers were forced to interrupt the animation creation, Chinese animation of the Enlightenment period has been rushed to an end. (Li Junda, 2012,5,100; Qu Huili, and Su Jianing, 2008,182; Wen Ting Fang, Po- Hsien Lin, and Rungtai Lin, 2017, 27)

===II.The Growth Period of Chinese Animation===
The growth of Chinese animation has experienced two periods of stable development and initial prosperity.
From 1946 to 1965, it was the stable development period of Chinese animation. On October 1, 1949, the People's Republic of China declared its establishment. Before this, the puppet animation "The Emperor Dream" and "Go after an easy prey" produced by the Northeast Film Studio laid the foundation for the development of animation after the founding of the People's Republic of China. After a period of time, Chinese animation industry has been considerable development. During the period from 1950 to 1956, Chinese animations mostly used the content of fairy tales in terms of subject matter; in terms of style, they incorporated national characteristics; in terms of technology, they changed from black and white films to color films. There was an initial prosperity of Chinese animation from 1957 to 1965. In 1957, the establishment of Shanghai Animation Film Studio made China the first professional factory to independently produce art films, and Chinese animation entered a prosperous period of development. At this time, the animation has reached an unprecedented level in art and technical quality. Many animations have won awards in international film festivals, such as the classic blockbuster "The Monkey King," which has made the Chinese people proud. At that time, Tezuka Osamu, revered as the "God of Japanese Manga", made a special trip to Shanghai Animation Film Studio to learn from Wan Laiming, the "father of Chinese animation". Chinese animation has formed a school of Chinese animation recognized by the world. During this period, China's animation paper-cut, origami, ink and other colorful forms of creation. In particular, ink animation was a must at that time. In July 1961, Shanghai Animation Film Studio successfully produced China's first ink animation "Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother," which declared the success of the first Chinese ink animation. This production technology won the first prize of scientific and technological achievements of the Ministry of Culture and the second prize of National Scientific and Technological Invention Award. It can be seen that there were not only many works of Chinese animations at that time, but also a lot of high-quality animations.(Li Junda, 2012,5,101; Feng Guiyun, 2021, 1)

===III.The Period of Stagnation and Recovery of Chinese Animation===
From 1966 to 1976, China experienced the unprecedented "the Cultural Revolution." This period can be called the "Ice Age" in the history of China's animation development. In 1967, 1969, 1970 and 1971, all animation manufacturers in the country "stopped production and started a revolution."
Since the end of 1978, China has entered a new period of Reform and Opening-up. In the first ten years, a number of new animation production departments emerged, which changed the situation that Shanghai Animation Film Studio stood out. A total of 219 animations were produced nationwide, producing a number of excellent and beautiful films representing the highest level of Chinese animation, such as Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King, The Legend of Sealed Book and so on. At the same time, it also produced TV animations and animation series for the first time, such as Calabash Brothers, Dirty King Adventure, Black cat Sheriff, The story of any lift and so on. Because of the wider subject matter, profound content, sharp allegory and derogatory criticism of the current malpractices, the social influence and international reputation of animation in this period also jumped greatly and won extensive praise. In the decade after the 1990s, Chinese animation continued the fruits of its recovery. Although this period has Lotus Lantern, Shuke and Beita, Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat, The big head son and little head father, Haier Brothers and other excellent works, but not much innovation in style. Chinese animation has embarked on an alternative path of "animation is what children watch".(Li Junda, 2012,5,101; Rolf Giesen，2014, 89)

===References===
1. 曲慧丽,and 宿佳宁."浅谈中国动漫的历史与发展." 今日科苑 .24(2008):182.

2. 李俊达."试论中国动漫产业的发展." 中共青岛市委党校.青岛行政学院学报 .05(2012):100-104.

3. Wen Ting Fang, Po-Hsien Lin & Rungtai Lin, Western vs. Eastern: A Reflective Research on the Development of Chinese Animation, Graduate School of Creative Industry Design, National Taiwan University of Arts, New Taipei City, Taiwan, 2017, 25-36

4. Feng Guiyun, The history of Chinese animation, from groundbreaking "Havoc in Heaven" to crappy-looking "Kung Fu Mulan", Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, 2021

5. Rolf Giesen，Chinese Animation, A History and Filmography, 1922-2012, Jefferson： McFarland, 2014

===Terms and Expressions===
Uproar in the Studio 《大闹画室》

The Camel Dance 《骆驼献舞》

Princess Iron Fan 《铁扇公主》

The Emperor Dream 《皇帝梦》

Go after an easy prey 《瓮中捉鳖》

The Monkey King 《大闹天宫》

Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother 《小蝌蚪找妈妈》

Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King 《哪吒闹海》

The Legend of Sealed Book 《天书奇谭》

Calabash Brothers 《葫芦兄弟》

Dirty King Adventure 《邋遢大王历险记》

Black cat Sheriff 《黑猫警长》

The story of any lift 《阿凡提的故事》

Lotus Lantern 《宝莲灯》

Shuke and Beita 《舒克和贝塔》

Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat 《蓝皮鼠与大脸猫》

The big head son and little head father 《大头儿子和小头爸爸》

Haier Brothers 《海尔兄弟》

===Questions===
1. What was the first large-scale animation in China, which indicated that China's animation level at that time was close to the world's leading level?

A Uproar in the Studio B The Camel Dance C Princess Iron Fan D The Emperor Dream

2. In the 1960s, there was a world-renowned classic animation blockbuster in China. What is it?

A The Monkey King B Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother C Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon King D The Legend of Sealed Book

3. Which of the following animations indicate that Chinese animation has embarked on an alternative path of "animation is what children watch"?

A Shuke and Beita B Blue Mouse and Big Face Cat C The big head son and little head father D Haier Brothers

===Answers===
Correct answers are:

1. C

2. A

3. ABCD

==202270081646 彭琦 Peng Qi 英语笔译(English translation)==

==Impact of Chinglish on standard English==
<center>彭琦Peng Qi,202270081646</center>
===Abstract===
English is one of the major common languages in the world. With the development of economic globalization, more and more people are learning and using English for communication, and in this process, Chinese English has gradually emerged, which has led to many ludicrous incidents in the process of foreign communication in China. This paper discusses the concept of Chinglish, its causes, and its impact on standard English, and also analyses measures to reduce the emergence of Chinglish in order to provide a reference for English learners.
===Key Words===
Chinglish, Impact, Standard English

===Introduction===
With the development of the times, English has become one of the ways of communication in the world, and learning English has become one of the compulsory courses in China. However, many people, in the process of learning English, will have the problem of Chinglish due to the influence of the Chinese language, which affects their subsequent English learning. what's more important is that it lays a great impact on today's standard English in its development.

===Cause of Chinglish===
Chinese English is the English of Chinese learners who, in the process of learning and using English, are disturbed by their mother tongue, their culture and their communicative habits, as well as their limited English proficiency, and have to combine English phrases according to their own subjective imagination, thus appearing in English that does not conform to the standard English expressions or communicative style. The degree of error also depends on the level of English learners and the difficulty of the communicative content. This phenomenon has been studied in the past and the theory of negative transfer of language and culture has been used to explain the reasons for the production of Chinglish. First of all, it is due to the interference of native language habits. The second is the clamping down of Chinese communication styles, behavioural habits, ways of thinking and social codes of conduct; the third is that the learners' English is so poor that they have to make up random English sentences to express themselves. If we look at this issue from multiple perspectives, we may have a better understanding of it.1. Chinese English is not a standardized language system that learners seek, but a linguistic error in learning English. 2. The errors in Chinese English vary from person to person, depending on the depth of content, and can be changed through learning and self-reflection. From a certain point of view, Chinese English is a transition from Chinese to standard English, often playing the role of an interlanguage.3. Many errors are caused by a poor command of English and learners generally adopt English words, Chinese idioms and grammar in a haphazard manner.As they improve their English, these phenomena will be greatly reduced.4. Because of their unfamiliarity with Western means of communication, Chinese people often make communicative mistakes in their foreign interactions. For example, they speak in an "indecent manner" (Chinese is decent, but the direct translation into English is indecent), and their speech and behaviour are often impulsive.5. As Chinese English is mainly a kind of language disorder of English learners, this kind of language error will gradually decrease as the learners' English level improves. Therefore, Chinese English is a trial-and-error phenomenon in the learning process of Chinese people learning English, and it can be corrected and improved.

===Linguistic Impact on standard English===
There are major differences between Chinese and English. As a non-formal form of language, Chinese vocabulary is mainly monosyllabic and diphthongic, and the grammatical components of Chinese expressions cannot be expressed in accordance with morphological transformations, which is different from the regularisation of English. As a product of the fusion of the two languages, Chinglish has the linguistic characteristics of Chinese, and its vivid and indirect expressions sometimes can better express emotions. English is an open and inclusive language, and in the context of economic globalisation, the absorption and borrowing of Chinese by English has become an inevitable trend. Chinese English expressions need to be tested over a long period of time and by users in practice, so that they can be accepted as having a positive impact on the development of the vocabulary and expressions of modern English, and that the positive impact will become more pronounced as time goes on. The emergence and development of Chinese-English will contribute significantly to the acceptance of Modern English and will increase the enthusiasm of users as they will not need to follow excessive rules in their practice. At the same time, the emergence of a Chinese-English vocabulary will enrich the vocabulary of modern languages and contribute to the internationalisation of modern English.

===Cultural Impact on today's English===
The further rise of Chinese English on the agenda has to do with the large number of foreigners coming to China to work, live and travel. The most influential Chinese English is that found on signs in public places and on restaurant menus, most of which have been photographed by foreigners on the internet and appear in pictures with text in their thousands. For example, "Please take good personal luggage" is written as "Please take good personal luggage" and "First under after on, take a civilised ride" as "First under after on, take a civilised ride". First under after on,take riding with civility". The English translations of the bilingual signs in many metro stations, tourist attractions, restaurants and other public places were initially only for the sake of completeness, and some of them were just taken from dictionaries or turned out with software like Google Translate, and not many people noticed them. Surprisingly, most foreigners don't hate Chinese English, and quite a few genuinely enjoy it. Perhaps due to the encouragement of their foreign friends, for some time now many Chinese have started to create their own English words and sentences in their own way, such as Smilence, a 'self-created compound word' like Brangelina (the joint name of Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie). There are also words that translate playful words from Chinese to create a misplaced and amusing effect, such as "We two who and who? If you want money, I have no. If you want life, I have one.", and "American Chinese not enough". The Xinhua News Agency reported that this was "Chinese witticisms enriching the English language" - and it was an innovative form of Chinese English.
The Global Language Monitor (GLM), based in Texas, USA, has given Chinglish a global perspective and a high rating from the perspective of English language development. Since 2005, Chinglish has been ranked as one of the top ten words that have influenced the world, and GLM believes that Chinglish is driving a profound change in the English language, with a large number of Chinese words entering the English language as the most significant source of new vocabulary, up to 20%. Each year they select the most popular Chinese words of the year, such as "No Noising" ("Quiet, please" in authentic English), "Question Authority" ("Information Booth" in authentic English), and "Information Booth"), the 2008 Deformed Man Toilet, the Airline Pulp According to GLM, Chinese is surprisingly complex and rich in its ability to produce and accept new words, and Chinese English is a "welcome mixture".

===Conclusions===
Chinese-English refers to English with Chinese phonological, semantic, grammatical and pragmatic features, and is a country-specific variant of English with Chinese characteristics. Its words are usually produced in five ways: phonetic, transliteration, phonetic-phonetic combination, phonetic-phonetic affixation and semantic regeneration, all more or less "Anglicised" to some extent. Chinese English is a reality and a contribution to English itself; it not only enriches the content of English, but also expands its sphere of influence. In recent years, Chinese English has become very popular in China and is beginning to make its way into the English-speaking world. The famous British linguist Mr David Kristel has pointed out that with the rapid development of the Chinese economy, Chinese English is bound to have more impact on Standard English.

===References===
1. 杜争鸣. 中国英语问题及其它[J ]. 西安外国语学院学报 ,1998 ,(3) :7 - 119.
2. Jiang , Yajun. Chinglish and China English [J ]. English To2 day , 1995 :16 :3 - 3
3. 金惠康. 中国英语与中式英语讨论[J]. 广东技术师范学院学报, 2003(5):5.
4. 韩威. 中式英语的融入对现代英语发展的影响[J]. 语文课内外, 2018.
5. 琼·平卡姆. The translator's guide to Chinglish[M]. 外语教学与研究出版社, 2000.
6. Zhuang Y . Guard Against Chinglish[J]. Chinese Translators Journal, 2000.

===Questions===
1. Do you know any typical Chinese English?

2. What does GLM stand for?

===Answers===
1. Good good study，day day up; “We two who and who？”（咱俩谁跟谁？）;“If you want money,I have no. If you want life,I have one.”（要钱没有，要命一条）;“American Chinese not enough”（美中不足）....

2. 全球语言监测机构(Global Language Monitor)

==Traditional Revolutionary Songs in China==
<center>漆羿鑫Qi Yixin,202270081647</center>
===Abstract===
Rising in the revolutionary war period, traditional revolutionary songs in China, or "red Song", mainly focusing on praising the party and the country, told the difficult course of the revolution, as well as the heroic deeds of the predecessors. It expressed the deep feelings of the majority of people for the motherland, and described the Chinese nation's confidence in social undertakings to overcome difficulties.
===Key Words===
traditional revolutionary songs, artistic features, current value
=== Introduction===
Traditional revolutionary songs are a political and social phenomenon peculiar to socialist countries, and particularly prosperous in China. It is clear that they are inspired by popular folksongs (De Sales, A. 2003, 7). Their core theme is to sing songs to praise the motherland, the proletarian revolution and the Communist Party. With a strong political orientation, it contains a profound ideology, specifically, reflecting the inherent spiritual needs of proletarian revolution and socialist construction (雷亚林 2019, 63).

===History of Traditional Revolutionary Songs===
The wide range of red songs included revolutionary songs from the Soviet Union, translated into Chinese, as well as Chinese red songs dedicated to the founding fathers of the new China, postludes, military songs for improving morale, and theme songs or interludes from revolutionary movies and opera (Li, S., & Yan, F. 2020, 3). The traditional revolutionary songs started with the May 4th Movement, gradually developed in the First Revolutionary Civil War, reached a certain scale in the Second Revolutionary Civil War, became mature during the War of Resistance Against Japan and the in the Third Revolutionary Civil War, and performed well in the period of socialist revolution and construction. Traditional revolutionary songs are closely related to the tide of the new democratic revolution, socialist revolution and construction led by the CPC, and record many unforgettable events, history, characters and stories (达晖 2009, 1).

===Artistic Features of Traditional revolutionary songs===
Lyrics embraces ideology, but they reflect the time when they are written (Howard, K. 2020, 18). Musically, traditional revolutionary songs have the characteristics, such as beautiful melody, simplicity and refinement, each of which is produced and sung in the specific revolutionary life or production practice. Because the traditional revolutionary songs directly reflected the spiritual outlook of the specific people at that time, the emotions contained in them seemed simple, touching, sincere and moving, especially those that eulogized the motherland, the people, and the party (雷亚林 2019, 63).

Traditional revolutionary songs vary by period. They emerged and developed with the proletarian revolution and socialist production. In different historical periods, the content, feelings and ideas conveyed are quite different, leading to a strong sense of the times for traditional revolutionary songs. For example, Guerrilla Songs(游击队歌) in the revolutionary war years reflected the people's mental state during the war, while My Motherland, The Moon of Lunar 15th, and Bless the Motherland in the socialist construction period showed the people's spiritual outlook in the process of production and construction (雷亚林 2019, 63).

===The Value of Traditional Revolutionary songs in Contemporary Society===
Traditional revolutionary songs help young people form correct values. The advent of the Internet era has enriched the lives of young people, but it has also led many people astray. Traditional revolutionary songs inherit the ideological spirit of the revolutionary ancestors, and their ideas, glory are also of great significance to the growth of young people and the rectification of social ethos （张正雨 2021, 100-101）. The list excitingly goes on—March Song(长征之歌) about the Long March; Guerrilla Song(游击队歌) of the Anti-Japanese War; I Am a Soldier of the early liberation period; Spring Story(春天的故事), On the Field of Hope(在希望的田野上) about the reform and opening up. The content described in the lyrics of traditional revolutionary songs in each period can help guide young people to form correct values to varying degrees, and also help to inherit red culture in modern society.

Traditional revolutionary songs can stimulate people's patriotic enthusiasm. The tragic images depicted in the traditional revolutionary songs can bring people back to that special era, help people better understand the history of that year, and then deeply understand that countless people with lofty ideals just shed their blood to realize the ideal in their hearts: defeat all enemies, and the people become masters of the country（张正雨 2021, 100-101）. As the "Heroic Battle Song" sings, "The hero leaps out of the trench, breaks the sky with lightning, falls into a single block, and the sky collapses with one hand..." The popularity of traditional revolutionary songs can make the people deeply feel the noble spirit of their ancestors, and the value of today's peace, and deepen their understanding and recognition of the national spirit.

Traditional revolutionary songs can inspire people's belief in innovation. The older generation of revolutionaries fought hard for a long time, and finally drove away all the aggressors, so that today's New China came into being. Today's people still need to inherit the revolutionary spirit and write more brilliant chapters through continuous efforts to live up to the efforts of the martyrs. As an indispensable part of national culture, traditional revolutionary songs play an extremely important role（张正雨 2021, 100-101）. Here are some examples—Hands Watering Flowers of Happiness（众手浇灌幸福花）, Descendants of the Drago（龙的传人）. Singing traditional revolutionary songs can help people better understand the traditional revolution and make people realize that no matter what kind of hardships they face, they can overcome difficulties as long as they keep firm faith and actively explore solutions to problems.

===Conclusion===
"With the continuous evolution of human society, in addition to the dialectical movement of material life, the demand for spiritual life also changes," said Marx. The outbreak of the epidemic leads to more people pessimistic about the future, but the new situation still requires high morale to move forward. Therefore, the article discusses the history, artistic characteristics and contemporary value of traditional revolutionary songs. Hopefully, it can promote the spread of traditional revolutionary songs and enrich the spiritual life of Chinese people.
===References===
[1] De Sales, A. (2003). Remarks on revolutionary songs and iconography. European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 7.
[2] Li, S., & Yan, F. (2020). Searching for Red Songs: The politics of revolutionary nostalgia in contemporary China. The China Quarterly, 3.
[3] Howard, K. (2020). Songs for" great Leaders": Ideology and Creativity in North Korean Music and Dance. Oxford University Press, 18.
[5] Wang, Q. (2012). Red songs and the main melody: Cultural nationalism and political propaganda in Chinese popular music. Perfect Beat, 13(2), 127.
[6] Dahui达晖.(2009).中国红色革命歌曲的伦理审视[Ethical Survey of Chinese Red Revolutionary Songs].Hunan: Hunan Normal University湖南师范大学.
[7] Lei Yalin雷亚林.(2019).红色歌曲的传唱与历史意义研究[Study on the Singing and Historical Significance of Red Songs].艺术评鉴Art Evaluation(09)63-64.
[8] Zhang Zhengyu张正雨.(2021).论红色歌曲的传承与发展[On the Inheritance and Development of Red Songs]大众文艺Popular Literature and Art(08)100-101.
=== Terms and Expressions===
May 4th Movement 五四运动
the Second Revolutionary Civil War 第二次国内革命战争
the War of Resistance Against Japan 抗日战争
new democratic revolution 新民主主义革命
===Questions===
1. What is true about the traditional revolutionary songs?
A. being peculiar to socialist countries.
B. containing profound ideology.
C. praising good behaviors in everyday life.
D. reflecting the inherent spiritual needs of proletarian revolution.
2. Which of the following songs are traditional revolutionary songs?
A. Guerrilla Song.
B. I Believe.
C. March Song.
D. Spring Story.
3. When did traditional revolutionary songs became mature?
A. the May 4th Movement.
B. the First Revolutionary Civil War.
C. the War of Resistance Against Japan.
D. the Third Revolutionary Civil War.
4. The Value of traditional revolutionary songs in contemporary society includes:
A. inspire people's belief in innovation.
B. help young people form correct values.
C. increase material wealth for holders.
D. stimulate people's patriotic enthusiasm.
=== Answers===
Correct answers are:
1.ABD 2.ACD 3.CD 4.ABD

20221231 LangCult 4

2022-12-29T11:35:40Z

Liu Tingting: /* Introduction */

Goldbank Englisch 1

2022-12-29T11:29:37Z

Liu Tingting: /* 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu */

==Part 4c==

====白婷 Bai Ting====

物研究所牵头，研究将在金银潭医院等多家临床一线接诊新型冠状病毒感染肺炎患者的医院中进行，拟入组761例患者，采用随机、双盲、安慰剂对照方法展开。
在科技部、国家卫健委、国家药监局等多部门支持下，抗病毒药物瑞德西韦很快完成临床试验的注册审批工作，第一批病例入组工作也已就位。
2月6日，首批新冠病毒感染的肺炎重症患者接受用药，首位用药者是金银潭医院收治的一位68岁的男性重症患者。
探索利用康复期血浆“免疫性治疗”

Under the leadership of the Institute of Physical Sciences, the study will be carried out in many clinical front-line hospitals, such as Jinyintan Hospital, which receives patients with novel coronavirus infection pneumonia. Seven hundred sixty-one patients are proposed to be enrolled in the study, and they will be randomized, double-blind, and placebo controlled. With the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Health Commission, the State Food and Drug Administration, and other departments, the registration and approval of the clinical trial of the antiviral drug Remdesivir was soon completed, and the first batch of cases was enrolled. On February 6, the first batch of severe pneumonia patients infected with COVID-19 received drugs. The first drug was a 68-year-old male severe patient admitted to Jinyintan Hospital, who was treated with plasma "immune therapy" during rehabilitation.

Under the leadership of the Institute of Physical Sciences, the study will be carried out in many clinical front-line hospitals, such as Jinyintan Hospital, which receives patients with novel coronavirus infection pneumonia. Seven hundred sixty-one patients are proposed to be enrolled in the study, and they will be randomized, double-blind, and placebo controlled. With the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Health Commission, the State Food and Drug Administration, and other departments, the registration and approval of the clinical trial of the antiviral drug Remdesivir was soon completed, and the first batch of cases was enrolled. On February 6, the first batch of severe pneumonia patients infected with COVID-19 received medication. The first drug was a 68-year-old male critically ill patient admitted to Jinyintan Hospital, who was treated with plasma "immune therapy" during rehabilitation.

====蔡思 Cai Si====

2月13日，张定宇在湖北省新冠肺炎疫情防控指挥部召开的第23次新闻发布会上发出呼吁：“康复期患者，请伸出您的胳膊，捐献宝贵的血浆，共同拯救还在与病魔作斗争的患者。”
“康复后的患者体内有大量中和抗体，可以抵抗新型冠状病毒。”张定宇介绍说，在缺乏疫苗和特效治疗药物的前提下，采用这种特免血浆制品治疗新冠病毒感染是较为有效的方法。“康复者捐献的血浆，会经过一系列处理，得到一个相对纯化的对抗新冠病毒中和抗体，用于新冠肺炎危重患者的治疗。”
专家认为，从临床病理发生过程看，大部分新冠肺炎患者经过治疗康复后，身体内会产生针对新冠病毒的特异性抗体，可杀灭和清除病毒。
金银潭医院配合相关研究团队立即开展了康复期患者血浆的釆集工作。

On February 13, Zhang Dingyu issued an appeal at the 23rd press conference held by Hubei Province Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarters: "Convalescent patients, please stretch out your arms and donate precious plasma to jointly save patients who are still struggling with the disease." "Patients who recover have a large number of neutralizing antibodies that can resist the COVID-19." Zhang Dingyu said that in the absence of vaccines and specific therapeutic drugs, the use of this special immune plasma products to treat the new crown virus infection is a more effective method. "The plasma donated by rehabilitated patients will undergo a series of treatments to obtain a relatively purified neutralizing antibody against the COVID-19 for the treatment of critically ill patients." Experts believe that, from the clinical pathology process, most patients with COVID-19 after treatment and rehabilitation, the body will produce specific antibodies against the COVID-19 , can kill and eliminate the virus. Jinyintan Hospital cooperated with relevant research teams to immediately carry out plasma collection of patients in rehabilitation period.

On February 13, Zhang Dingyu issued an appeal at the 23rd press conference held by Hubei Province Epidemic Prevention and Control Command: "Patients in recovery, please stretch out your arms and donate your precious plasma to save patients who are still fighting against the disease." "Recovered patients have a high level of neutralizing antibodies against the new coronavirus," introduced by Zhang Dingyu. In the absence of a vaccine and specific therapeutic drugs, the use of this special immune plasma product is a more effective treatment for coronavirus infection. "The plasma donated by rehabilitated patients will undergo a series of treatments to obtain a relatively purified neutralizing antibody against the COVID-19 for the treatment of critically ill patients." According to experts,in the clinical pathology process, most patients with COVID-19 will develop specific antibodies against coronavirus after treatment and recovery, which can kill and clear the virus. Jinyintan Hospital, in cooperation with the research team, immediately started collecting plasma from patients in rehabilitation period.

====陈婧 Chen Jing====

捐献血浆必须符合三项条件：一、年龄在18—60周岁之间；二、确诊感染过新型冠状病毒（核酸检测阳性）；三、病愈出院一周以上。
金银潭医院在门诊部二楼设立采血机构。捐献者经过电话预约到医院后，先进行身份登记并填写健康征询表及知情同意书，再进行健康状况问诊、血液检查，经最后确认后，每人采集血量在200—400毫升之间，采血完成后，向献血者发放一定数额的经济补偿。

2020年2月18日，张定宇的夫人程琳来到金银潭医院,捐献了 400毫升血浆。（新华社发武汉市金银潭医院供图）

张定宇在发布会上发出呼吁后，社会广泛关注。
2月13日晚，中国生物技术股份有限公司、武汉市血液中心也联合向新冠肺炎康复者发出献血倡议书，并在湖北省人民医院开放爱心献血屋。

Three conditions must be met to donate plasma: 1. Aged between 18 and 60; 2. Confirmed infection with COVID-19 (positive nucleic acid test); 3. Be discharged from hospital for more than one week after recovery.

Jinyintan Hospital has a blood collection facility on the second floor of the outpatient clinic. Donors who arrive at the hospital after making a phonecall appointment will first register and fill out a health questionnaire and informed consent form, then undergo a health consultation and blood test. After the final confirmation, the blood collection volumn per person is between 200 and 400 ml. After the blood collection, a certain amount of financial compensation will be given to the donors.

On Feb 18, 2020, Zhang Dingyu's wife Cheng Lin came to the hospital and donated 400 ml of blood plasma. (Xinhua News Agency issued, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital for the picture)

Zhang Dingyu made the call at the press conference, which attracted wide attention from the public.

On the evening of Feb 13, China Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and Wuhan Blood Center jointly issued a blood donation initiative to people recovering from COVID-19 and opened a blood donation house at Hubei Provincial People's Hospital.

Three conditions must be met to donate plasma: 1. Aged between 18 and 60; 2. Confirmed infection with COVID-19 (positive nucleic acid test); 3. Be discharged from hospital for more than one week after recovery.

Jinyintan Hospital sets a blood collection facility on the second floor of the outpatient clinic. Donors who arrive at the hospital after making a phonecall appointment will first register and fill out a health questionnaire and informed consent form, then undergo a health consultation and blood test. After the final confirmation, the blood collection volumn per person is between 200 and 400 ml. After the blood collection, a certain amount of financial compensation will be given to the donors.

On Feb 18, 2020, Zhang Dingyu's wife Cheng Lin came to the hospital and donated 400 ml of blood plasma. (Xinhua News Agency issued, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital for the picture)

Zhang Dingyu made the call at the press conference, which attracted wide attention from the public.

On the evening of Feb 13, China Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and Wuhan Blood Center jointly issued a blood donation initiative to people recovering from COVID-19 and opened a blood donation house at Hubei Provincial People's Hospital.

====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====

从第二天开始，就有不少康复者来电咨询，表示支持金银潭医院的这项研究。
金银潭医院将这一方法很快用于4个重症患者的治疗。
4个患者的病情都有好转。从整体来看，患者自我感觉喘气等症状减缓了，精神状态、食欲都有提升；从指标上看，血氧饱和度比以前稳定些，淋巴细胞的绝对值也得到了提升。
“这类指标对患者康复是很重要的参考。”但张定宇提醒说, 采用特免血浆制品治疗的方式并不是“灵丹妙药”，最终战胜病魔更多的还是要靠患者自身的免疫力。这种治疗主要是给患者一个喘息的机会，使病情往好的方向发展，同时也给医生抢救危重患者赢得更多的时间。
已于1月29日康复出院的张定宇的夫人程琳，也来到金银潭医院捐献了 400毫升血浆。
首例遗体解剖完成并送检
Since the next day, many patients called in support of the study.
Jinyintan Hospital soon used this method to treat four seriously ill patients. All of them showed improvement. On the whole, patients felt that their symptoms, such as wheezing, were reduced, and their mental state and appetite were improved. In terms of indicators, blood oxygen saturation was more stable than before, and the absolute value of lymphocytes was also increased. "Such indicators are important references for patients' recovery." But Zhang Dingyu cautioned that the use of special plasma products was not a "panacea", and ultimately the recovery of disease more depended on the patient's own immunity. This kind of treatment was mainly to give the patient a chance to breathe, making the condition progress toward a better direction, but also help doctors to fight for critically ill patients more time. Zhang Dingyu's wife Cheng Lin, who was discharged from hospital on January 29, also donated 400 ml of blood plasma to Jinyintan Hospital. The first autopsy was completed and submitted for examination.

From the next day, many rehabilitated people called for consultation and expressed support for the study by Jinyintan Hospital.
Jinyintan Hospital quickly applied this method to the treatment of four critically ill patients.
All four patients improved. On the whole, the patient felt that the symptoms such as wheezing were alleviated, and the mental state and appetite were improved; From the index point of view, blood oxygen saturation is more stable than before, the absolute value of lymphocytes has also been improved. "This kind of index is very important reference to the patient's rehabilitation." However, Zhang Dingyu warned that the use of special immune plasma products treatment is not a "panacea," the final victory over the disease more depends on the patient's own immunity. This kind of treatment is mainly to give the patient a chance to breathe, make the condition develop in a good direction, but also to the doctor to save critically ill patients to win more time.
Zhang Dingyu's wife Cheng Lin, who recovered from hospital on January 29, also came to Jinyintan Hospital to donate 400 ml of plasma. The first autopsy was completed and submitted for inspection.

==Part 4d==

====陈思阳 Chen Siyang====

对于一种致人死亡的新型疾病，遗体解剖对掌握其病理意义重大。解剖新冠肺炎死亡者遗体，对于探索新冠肺炎患者临床的病理改变、疾病机制等有重大帮助，能从根本上探究新冠肺炎的致病性、致死性，给临床抢救和治疗危重症患者提供依据。
实际上，新冠肺炎疫情暴发后的一个多月里，有关方面一直呼吁对死亡病例进行病理解剖。但由于新冠肺炎属烈性传染病，解剖风险过高，加上国内少有针对甲级传染病、达到P3 级生物实验室标准的病理解剖实验室，使得相关工作迟迟难以落实。
国际上根据生物安全的防护等级将生物实验室分为四级： Pl、P2、P3和P4实验室。P是Protection的缩写，其中1级的防护级别最低，4级最高。

For a new type of disease that causes death, autopsy is of great significance to grasp its pathology. Anatomy of the dead body of new crown pneumonia is of great help to explore the clinical pathological changes and disease mechanism of patients with new crown pneumonia, and can fundamentally explore the pathogenicity and lethality of new crown pneumonia, and provide basis for clinical rescue and treatment of critically ill patients. In fact, more than a month after the outbreak of new crown pneumonia, there have been calls for pathological autopsy of deaths. However, because Xinguan pneumonia is a severe infectious disease, the anatomical risk is too high, and there are few pathological anatomy laboratories aiming at Class A infectious diseases and reaching the standard of P3 biological laboratory in China, it is difficult to implement the relevant work. Internationally, biological laboratories are divided into four levels according to the protection level of biological safety: Pl, P2, P3 and P4 laboratories. P is the abbreviation of Protection, where Level 1 is the lowest protection level and Level 4 is the highest.

For a new type of disease that causes death, the autopsy is of great significance to grasp its pathology. Anatomy of the dead body of new crown pneumonia is of great help to explore the clinical pathological changes and disease mechanism of patients with new crown pneumonia, and can fundamentally explore the pathogenicity and lethality of new crown pneumonia, and provide the basis for clinical rescue and treatment of critically ill patients. In fact, more than a month after the outbreak of new crown pneumonia, there have been calls for a pathological autopsy of deaths. However, because Xinguan pneumonia is a severe infectious disease, the anatomical risk is too high, and there are few pathological anatomy laboratories aiming at Class A infectious diseases and reaching the standard of P3 biological laboratories in China, it is difficult to implement the relevant work. Internationally, biological laboratories are divided into four levels according to the protection level of biological safety: Pl, P2, P3, and P4 laboratories. P is the abbreviation of Protection, where Level 1 is the lowest protection level and Level 4 is the highest.

====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====

在国家法律政策允许下，并征得患者家属同意，2月15日深夜，华中科技大学同济医学院法医病理学专家来到金银潭医院，在金银潭的医护人员配合下，开始了全国第一例新冠肺炎遗体解剖工作。

Permitted by national laws and policies and with the consent of the patients' families, late on the night of Feb. 15, forensic pathology experts from Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology came to Jinyintan Hospital. With the cooperation of medical staff from Jinyintan Hospital, they began the autopsy of the first human corpse dying of COVID-19 in China.

Permitted by national laws and policies and with the consent of the patients' families, late on the night of February 15, forensic pathology experts from Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology came to Jinyintan Hospital. With the cooperation of medical staff of Jinyintan Hospital, they began the autopsy of the first human corpse dying of COVID-19 in China.

由于整个湖北都没有专门的负压解剖室，金银潭医院临时腾出一间负压手术室用来做解剖工作。

Since there is no special negative pressure dissection room in Hubei province, Jinyintan Hospital temporarily vacated a negative pressure operating room for dissection work.

As there is no special negative pressure dissection room in Hubei province, Jinyintan Hospital temporarily vacated a negative pressure operating room for dissection.

解剖从16日凌晨1点开始，4点结束，休息两个小时后展开讨论；上午11点，第二例病理解剖工作敲定,下午4点开始, 6点半结束……不到18个小时，即完成两例病理解剖，并于当日送检。

On Feb. 16, the autopsy began at 1 a.m. and ended at 4 a.m., and discussion began after a two-hour break; at 11 a.m., the second pathological autopsy was finalized, starting at 4 p.m., finishing at 6:30 p.m.... In less than 18 hours, the two cases were completed and submitted for examination that day.

The autopsy began at 1 a.m. and ended at 4 a.m. on February 16, and the discussion began after a two-hour break; at 11 a.m., the second pathological autopsy was finalized, starting at 4 p.m., and ending at 6:30 p.m.... In less than 18 hours, two cases of pathological autopsy were completed and submitted for examination that day.

首战告捷，随后的几例遗体解剖工作开展得也是格外顺利： 2月17日下午5点，第三例病理解剖；紧接着，第四例……2 月22日，是解剖团队最为忙碌的一天，“24小时之内做了五例解剖”。

After a successful first battle, subsequent autopsies went exceptionally smoothly: at 5 p.m. on Feb. 17, they did the third pathological autopsy; then, the fourth... Feb. 22 was the team's busiest day, "five autopsies were done in 24 hours."

After a successful first battle, the subsequent autopsies was carried out exceptionally smoothly: at 5 p.m. on February 17, they did the third pathological autopsy; then, the fourth... February 22 was the team's busiest day, "five autopsies were done within 24 hours."

中医武汉抗疫临床发挥重要作用。

TCM plays a significant role in fighting against the pandemic in Wuhan.

TCM（Traditional Chinese Medicine） plays a significant role in fighting against the pandemic in Wuhan.

====丁粤 Ding Yue====

2月3日，武汉市金银潭医院首批以中医药或中西医结合方式治愈的新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎患者出院。

On February 3rd, the first batch of novel coronavirus infected pneumonia patients in the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city who were cured by traditional Chinese medicine or integrated traditional and western medicine were discharged.

On February 3rd, the first batch of novel coronavirus infected pneumonia patients in the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city were discharged,who were cured by traditional Chinese medicine or integrated traditional and western medicine.(Fu Jing)

这批出院的患者共有8名，包括6名女性、2名男性，其中重症6例、轻症2例，最大年龄68岁，最小年龄26岁。中医中药参与治疗后，患者呼吸困难、乏力、口干口苦、胸闷、腹泻等症状明显改善，精神状态也明显好转。

There were 8 patients discharged from the hospital, including 6 women and 2 men. Among them, 6 patients were with severe symptoms and 2 patients were with mild symptoms. The oldest patient was 68 years old，while the youngest patient was 26 years old. After the treatment with traditional Chinese medicine, the symptoms of the patients such as dyspnea, fatigue, dry mouth and bitter mouth, chest tightness and diarrhea were significantly improved, as well as their mental state.

There were 8 patients discharged from the hospital, including 6 women and 2 men. Among them, 6 patients were with severe symptoms and 2 patients were with mild symptoms. The oldest patient was 68 years old，while the youngest patient was 26 years old. After the treatment with traditional Chinese medicine, the symptoms of the patients such as dyspnea, fatigue, dry mouth and bitter mouth, chest tightness and diarrhea were significantly improved, as well as their mental state.(Fu Jing)

1月28日，国家中医药管理局应对新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎联防联控工作专家组组长、中国工程院院士黄璐琦带领北京西苑医院和广安门医院医疗团队支援武汉市金银潭医院，对这批患者采用中西医结合、辨证治疗。出院时，金银潭医院赠送了每位患者2周用量的中药调理药剂，并嘱咐他们适当增强运动、合理饮食，以加速身体恢复。

On January 28th, Huang Luqi, the leader of the expert group of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine on joint prevention and control of pneumonia caused by infection with novel coronavirus and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, led the medical teams of Beijing Xiyuan Hospital and Guang'anmen Hospital to support the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city, and used integrated traditional and western medicine and syndrome differentiation treatment for these patients. When these patients were discharged, Jinyintan Hospital presented each patient with a 2-week dose of Chinese herbal medicine conditioning agent, and instructed them to properly enhance exercise and eat reasonable food to speed up their recovery.

On January 28th, Huang Luqi, the leader of the expert group of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine on joint prevention and control of pneumonia caused by infection with novel coronavirus and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, led the medical teams of Beijing Xiyuan Hospital and Guang'anmen Hospital to support the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city, and used integrated traditional and western medicine and syndrome differentiation treatment for these patients. When these patients were discharged, Jinyintan Hospital presented each patient with a 2-week dose of Chinese herbal medicine conditioning agent, and instructed them to properly enhance exercise and eat reasonable food to speed up their recovery.(Fu Jing)

3月2日，新华社播发记者廖君、黎昌政在武汉抗击疫情第一线采写的报道，称中医经验方在减轻发热咳嗽症状、控制病情进展、提升人体免疫力方面有独特优势。
报道说，新冠肺炎疫情发生后，全国中医药系统医疗队员 3350人、5支国家中医医疗队739名医务人员驰援武汉，进驻武汉市金银潭医院、湖北省中西医结合医院、雷神山医院救治患者，同时在武汉市江夏区整建制托管大花山方舱医院，收治患者416人，开展中医药特色救治。

On March 2nd, Xinhua News Agency broadcast a report written by reporters Liao Jun and Li Changzheng on the front line of the fight against the epidemic in Wuhan, saying that traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in relieving fever and cough symptoms, controlling disease progress, and improving human immunity.
It was reported that after the occurrence of the COVID-19, 3350 medical personnel from the national TCM（Traditional Chinese Medicine）system and 739 medical personnel from five national TCM medical teams came to support Wuhan. They were stationed in the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Hubei province, and Leishen Mountain Hospital to treat patients. At the same time, they received and treated 416 patients and carried out characteristic cure with traditional Chinese medicine in Dahuashan mobile cabin hospital, which was restructured and entrusted in Jiangxia District of Wuhan city.

On March 2nd, Xinhua News Agency broadcast a report written by reporters Liao Jun and Li Changzheng on the front line of the fight against the epidemic in Wuhan, saying that traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in relieving fever and cough symptoms, controlling disease progress, and improving human immunity.
It was reported that after the occurrence of the COVID-19, 3350 medical personnel from the national TCM（Traditional Chinese Medicine）system and 739 medical personnel from five national TCM medical teams came to support Wuhan. They were stationed in the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Hubei province, and Leishen Mountain Hospital to treat patients. At the same time, they received and treated 416 patients and carried out characteristic cure with traditional Chinese medicine in Dahuashan mobile cabin hospital, which was restructured and entrusted in Jiangxia District of Wuhan city.(Fu Jing)

==Part 4e==

====付静 Fu Jing====

“中医药早期介入干预，稳定人心，减少新发患者，从源头上防控疫情蔓延发挥了作用。”湖北省卫健委中医综合处负责人介绍说，仅武汉市面向集中隔离观察点隔离人员和有需求的居家密切接触者，发放中药汤剂近32.1万人份，发放中成药 24.8万人份，隔离人员基本做到中药应服尽服。

"The early intervention of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played a role in reassuring people, reducing new patients and preventing the spread of the epidemic from the source." According to the head of TCM general office of Hubei Provincial Health Commission, in Hubei, all infected people isolated in centralized isolation of observation points and close contacts in home quarantine have been distributed nearly 321,000 portions of TCM decoction, and 248,000 Chinese patent medicine, with all isolated people in need basically taking TCM.

湖北还以方舱医院为重点，推动中医药全面参与治疗。16 个方舱医院累计收治病例11740人，同步配送中药汤剂和金花清感胶囊等4种中成药，中药使用率99.93%。在14家定点医疗机构的重症、危重症患者中，也强化中医药全程参与。
Hubei also focuses on shelter hospitals to promote the full participation of TCM in treatment. A total of 11,740 cases were admitted to 16 shelter hospitals, and 4 kinds of Chinese patent medicines including traditional Chinese medicine decoction and Jinhua Qinggan capsule were distributed simultaneously, with the utilization rate of traditional Chinese medicine reaching 99.93%. Among the severe and critically ill patients in 14 designated medical institutions, participation of traditional Chinese medicine in whole treatment process has been strengthened.

2020年2月25日，在江夏方舱医院，湖南中医药大学第一附属医院护士长涂丽准备为新冠肺炎患者实施中医耳穴压豆治疗。武汉江夏方舱是武汉首个以中医院运转模式来迸行临床治疗、管理的方舱医院。医疗团队由釆白多个省份中医院的数百名医护人员组成。（新华社记者沈伯韩摄）
On February 25, 2020, in Jiangxia Square Cabin Hospital, the head nurse of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tu Li, was prepared to carry out traditional Chinese medicine ear acupoint bean pressing treatment for patients with COVID-19 patients. Jiangxia shelter is the first shelter hospital in Wuhan to carry out clinical treatment and management in the operation mode of traditional Chinese medicine hospital. The medical team consists of hundreds of medical staff from traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in many provinces.(Photographed by Shen Bohan, reporter of Xinhua Agency)

====高燕 Gao Yan====

1月25日，61岁的钱先生因持续高热、呼吸困难被送到湖北省中医院光谷院区急诊科，随后确诊为新冠肺炎，由于基础疾病多，病情发展快，曾先后两次被宣告病危。
钱先生后经湖北省中医院急诊科主任李刚副教授团队进行十多天中西医结合治疗和调理，于2月17日康复出院。
李刚说：“中医药治疗贯穿钱先生治疗全病程。根据不同病程，开具’肺炎2号’’肺炎3号’’肺炎4号’和’肺炎5号' 方。他能转危为安，中医药发挥了重要作用。”
68岁的重症患者霍先生与钱先生同一天出院。两人病程发展有所不同，治疗过程中，中药使用也略有差异。

On January 25,61-year-old Mr. Qian was sent to the emergency department in the Guanggu district of Hospital of Hubei Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine due to persistent high fever and dyspnea. Later, he was diagnosed with COVID-19. Due to many underlying conditions and rapid development of the disease, he was declared to be terminally ill twice. After more than ten days of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment and conditioning by the team of associate professor Li Gang, director of the emergency department of Hubei Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mr. Qian recovered and was discharged from the hospital on February 17. Li Gang said: "Chinese medicine treatment is intergrated with the whole course of treatment of Mr. Qian. Prescriptions of "pneumonia No.2,""pneumonia No.3,""pneumonia No.4" and "pneumonia No.5" were prescribed according to different courses of disease. He was able to turn the corner, and Chinese medicine played an important role." Mr. Huo, a 68-year-old critically ill patient, was discharged from the hospital on the same day as Mr. Qian. The course of disease of the two people is different, and the use of traditional Chinese medicine is also slightly different during the treatment.

On January 25, 61-year-old Mr. Qian was sent to the emergency department in the Guanggu district of Hubei Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine due to persistent high fever and dyspnea. Later, he was diagnosed with COVID-19. Due to many underlying diseases and rapid development of COVID-19, he was declared to be terminally ill twice. After he was treated and conditioned more than ten days by associate professor Li Gang and his team by integrating TCM and western medicine, Mr. Qian recovered and was discharged from the hospital on February 17. Li Gang, director of the emergency department of Hubei Province Hospital of TCM, said: "TCM treatment was applied into the whole course of Mr. Qian' treatment. Prescriptions of "pneumonia No.2,""pneumonia No.3,""pneumonia No.4" and "pneumonia No.5" were prescribed according to different courses of disease. TCM played an important role in curing him." Mr. Huo, a 68-year-old critically ill patient, was discharged from the hospital on the same day with Mr. Qian. The disease courses of these two people were different, so the uses of TCM were also slightly different correspondingly.

====关娜 Guan Na====

霍先生入院后，是先采用抗感染的西药，控制炎症反应，再用中药对症调理的。
湖北省中医院肺病五科负责人冯毅说，中医药参与治疗，能促进肺部病灶吸收，减少甚至解决肺组织损伤、肺纤维化等并发症和后遗症。目前，随访出院患者，均反馈病情稳定且在逐步康复中。
相关统计数据显示，湖北确诊病例中医药使用率为 88.93%o截至2月28日24时，全省43家定点中医医院累计收治确诊病例7246 A,中医药使用率为97.71%，患者发烧、乏力、咳嗽等症状和影像学表现均明显改善。
张伯礼等3位院士领导的团队，在武汉临床研究初步结果也表明，中西医结合总体疗效，明显优于单纯西药治疗。

After he was admitted to the hospital, Mr.Huo was first treated with anti-infective western medicine to control the inflammatory reaction, and then with Chinese medicine for symptomatic treatment. Feng Yi, the director of the fifth Department of pulmonary Diseases of Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said that the participation of TCM in the treatment can promote the absorption of lung lesions, reduce or even cure complications and sequelae such as lung tissue damage and pulmonary fibrosis. At present, all discharged patients were followed up and reported that their condition was in gradual recovery. According to some related statistics, the usage of TCM can be up to 88.93% in the confirmed cases in Hubei. By 24 o'clock on February 28, 7,246 confirmed cases have been admitted into 43 designated TCM hospitals in Hubei and the usage of TCM is up to 97.71%. The symptoms such as fever, fatigue, cough and imaging manifestations of these patients are significantly improved. The preliminary results of clinical research, which was obtained by the team leading by Zhang Boli and other academicians, shows that the concerted efficacy integrated TCM and western medicine is superior to that of western medicine.

==Part 5==

====郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====

中西医协同作战成效显著
金银潭医院是最早尝试中西医结合抢救重症患者和治疗轻症患者的医院。
1月25日，大年初一，国家中医药局组织中国中医科学院广安门医院、中国中医科学院西苑医院中医专家组成25人的医疗队，赶赴湖北省武汉市新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎防疫一线参与防治工作。
医疗队由国家中医药局副局长闫树江带队，中国中医科学院院长黄璐琦院士领队，广安门医院和西苑医院各派出呼吸科、急诊科、ICU等科室的6名医师和4名护士，携N95 口罩、手术衣以及部分中药等物资，乘火车前往武汉，提供中医医疗援助。
此前，由中国科学院院士、中国中医科学院首席研究员仝小林，广东省中医院副院长张忠德，中国中医科学院西苑医院呼吸科主任苗青，首都医科大学附属北京中医医院呼吸科主任兼肺病研究室主任王玉光组成的高级别中医专家组已经抵达武汉。

====侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====

出发前，黄璐琦就做了充足准备：研读疫情有关报道和科研文章，分析非典期间中医药发挥的优势和特色，梳理治疗方案；组建医疗队，培训呼吸科、急诊科、ICU等科室的医务人员；协调沟通武汉医务人员，了解武汉情况，准备防护物资。
金银潭医院是抗疫的最前沿和主战场之一。在该院坚持中西医结合，推动中医药全面参与治疗，搭建一个中医药的保障平台，积极完善中西医结合诊疗方案，对于抗击疫情有着重要作用。
1月29日，经过连续几天病区布局、人员调配、药品保障等准备，国家中医医疗队接管金银潭南一区。这也是疫情发生后第一个接管重病区的中医医疗队。
针对医院中药药品不足的现状，医疗队迅速搭建中药供应保障平台，保证医院药品供应。

Before setting out, Huang had made adequate preparations: reading relevant reports and scientific research articles on the epidemic, analyzing the advantages and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine during SARS, and sorting out treatment plans; Medical teams have been set up to train medical staff in respiratory, emergency and ICU departments and coordinating and communicating with medical personnel in Wuhan to understand the situation in Wuhan and prepare protective materials.
Jinyintan Hospital is one of the forefront and main battlefields in the fight against the epidemic. The hospital adheres to the combination of Chinese and Western medicine, promotes the full participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment, builds a platform for the protection of traditional Chinese medicine, and actively improves the diagnosis and treatment plan of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, which plays an important role in the fight against the epidemic.
On January 29, after several days of preparation, such as ward layout, staff allocation, and drug support, the National TCM medical team took over the first district of Jinyintan South. This is also the first TCM medical team to take over the critically ill area after the outbreak of the epidemic.
In view of the shortage of traditional Chinese medicine in hospitals, the medical team quickly set up a platform to ensure the supply of traditional Chinese medicine.

Before setting out, Huang had made adequate preparations, such as reading relevant reports and scientific research articles on the epidemic, analyzing the advantages and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine during SARS, and sorting out treatment plans; Medical teams have been set up to train medical staff in respiratory, emergency and ICU departments and coordinating and communicating with medical personnel in Wuhan to understand the situation in Wuhan and prepare protective materials.
Jinyintan Hospital is one of the forefront and main battlefields in the fight against the epidemic. The hospital adheres to the combination of Chinese and Western medicine, promotes the full participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment, builds a platform for the protection of traditional Chinese medicine, and actively improves the diagnosis and treatment plan of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, which plays an important role in the fight against the epidemic.
On January 29, after several days of preparation, such as ward layout, staff allocation, and drug support, the National TCM medical team took over the first district of Jinyintan South. This is also the first TCM medical team to take over the critically ill area after the outbreak of the epidemic.
Given the shortage of traditional Chinese medicine in hospitals, the medical team quickly set up a platform to ensure the supply of traditional Chinese medicine.

====胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi====

“接管病区奠定了中医药防控新型冠状病毒肺炎的基础”, 黄璐琦说，当时医疗队主管的32张病床开辟了中医药防控新冠肺炎的战场，使中医药能够与西医同台合作。
病区第一批患者服用中药，第二天就有患者反映：睡眠好转，咳喘、乏力症状减轻。
“寻找中医药疗效的高级别循证证据，有利于优化临床方案并加以推广，提高临床救治率。”黄璐琦介绍说，在医疗队接管金银潭医院病区的同时，中国中医科学院后方科研攻关组也同步成立，配合武汉前方进行临床数据分析，优化治疗方案。科研攻关组紧急设计开发了供医护人员使用的症状信息和舌诊图像采集程序，以及针对方舱医院的患者自述症状采集系统，为全面开展临床研究提供了技术支撑。

"Taking over the ward laid the foundation for TCM to prevent and control novel coronavirus pneumonia", Huang Luqi said that the 32 beds in charge of the medical team at that time opened up a battlefield for TCM to prevent and control COVID-19, enabling TCM to cooperate with western medicine on the same stage. The first batch of patients in the ward took traditional Chinese medicine, and the next day, some patients reported that their sleep improved, cough, asthma, and fatigue symptoms were relieved. "The search for high-level evidence of the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine is conducive to optimizing the clinical plan and promoting it to improve the clinical treatment rate." Huang Luqi said that while the medical team took over the ward area of Jinyintan Hospital, the rear scientific research team of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine was also set up synchronously to cooperate with the front of Wuhan to analyze clinical data and optimize the treatment plan. The scientific research team has urgently designed and developed the symptom information and tongue image acquisition program for medical staff, as well as the patient's self-reported symptom acquisition system for the shelter hospital, providing technical support for comprehensive clinical research.

====黄舒威 Huang Shuwei ====

金银潭8名患者经中西医结合治疗，2月3日病愈出院后不久，张定宇找到黄璐琦和苗青商量，希望在全院进行中西医结合治疗。
2月14日晚，湖北省新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控工作指挥部召开第24场新闻发布会，介绍中医药参与湖北省疫情防控有关情况。
黄璐琦在发布会上介绍说，截至2月14日，中国中医科学院医疗队在金银潭医院负责的床位42张，共收治患者86例，其中重症65例，危重21例，目前治愈的有33人。
他说：“我们把出院的患者进行统计对比，中西医结合在核酸转阴的时间上比纯西药效果显著，在降低发热、咳嗽、乏力、食欲减退、心慌等十个症状上比西医组的改善也更明显，对淋巴细胞中性粒细胞的改善也更明显，且中西医结合的平均住院时间小于西医治疗时间。”

Eight patients in Jinyintan were treated with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. Shortly after they were discharged from the hospital on February 3, Zhang Dingyu found Huang Luqi and Miao Qing to discuss, hoping to have integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in the hospital. On the evening of February 14, the Headquarters for the Prevention and Control of novel coronavirus Pneumonia in Hubei Province held the 24th press conference to introduce the participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and control of the epidemic in Hubei Province. Huang Luqi said at the press conference that as of February 14, the medical team of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine had 42 beds in charge of the Jinyintan Hospital, and 86 patients had been admitted, including 65 patients with severe diseases and 21 patients with critical diseases. At present, 33 patients have been cured. He said: "We statistically compare the discharged patients. The combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine has a significant effect on the time when nucleic acid turns negative compared with pure western medicine. It also has a more significant improvement on the ten symptoms, such as fever, cough, fatigue, anorexia, and palpitation, than the western medicine group. It also has a more significant improvement on the sex granulocytes in lymphocytes, and the average hospitalization time of the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine is less than the western medicine treatment time."

Eight patients in the Jinyintan Hospital were treated with the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine. Shortly after their discharge on February 3, Zhang Dingyu found Huang Luqi and Miao Qing to discuss, hoping to realize the treatment with the integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine in the whole hospital. On the evening of February 14, the 24th press conference was held by the Headquarters for the Prevention and Control of novel coronavirus Pneumonia in Hubei Province to introduce the participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and control of the epidemic in Hubei Province. Huang Luqi said at the conference that there had been 42 beds in charge of the medical team of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Jinyintan Hospital up to February 14, which has admitted 86 patients, including 65 patients with severe diseases and 21 patients with critical diseases. At present, 33 patients have been cured. “ Through the statistics and comparison of the patients that have been discharged, we can find that the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine has a more significant effect on the time when nucleic acid turns negative compared with pure western medicine, as well as on the improvement of fever, cough, fatigue, anorexia, and palpitation and other ten symptoms and on the recovery of the sex granulocytes in lymphocytes. Meanwhile, the average hospitalization time of the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine is less than the western medicine treatment time.” he said.

====姜雨露 Jiang Yulu ====

2020年2月25日,在武汉江夏方舱医院，湖南中医药大学第一附属医院医护人员易琴（前）带领新冠肺炎患者习练八段锦。（新华社记者沈伯韩摄）

On February 25, 2020, Yi Qin (the former), a medical staff from the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, led patients afflicted with COVID-19 to practice Baduanjin, a way to exercise, at the mobile cabin hospital of Wuhan Jiangxia. (Photographed by Shen Bohan, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency)

2020年2月26日，在武汉江夏方舱医院院内的“流动应急智能中药房”里, 工作人员吴志婷把盛有药方中包含的单味药的药瓶取下来后，逐一扫描确认，准备制药。（新华社记者沈伯韩摄）

On February 26, 2020, in the "Mobile Emergency Intelligent Chinese Pharmacy" of Wuhan Jiangxia mobile cabin hospital, Wu Zhiting, a staff member, took down the bottles containing the single medicine listed in the prescription, scanned them one by one for confirmation and preparation. (Photographed by Shen Bohan, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency)

3月4日，在发布的最新版诊疗方案中，由黄璐琦及团队根据临床不断优化的“化湿败毒方”被列入新冠肺炎重型患者推荐用药处方。“临床疗效才是评价中医药优势的金标准。”黄璐琦介绍说, 截至3月4日，他们这一团队共收治新冠肺炎患者121例，其中中医辨证纯中药治疗出院41例、中西医结合治疗出院32例。所收治新冠肺炎重症患者的病情好转率达到83.61%。

On March 4, in the latest version of the diagnosis and treatment plan released, "the prescription for removing dampness and detoxification", continuously optimized by Huang Luqi and his team according to the clinical practice, was included in the recommended prescription for COVID-19 patients with severe disease. "Clinical efficacy is the gold standard for evaluating the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine." Huang Luqi said. Up to March 4, their team had treated 121 patients with COVID-19, including 41 discharged patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine based on syndrome differentiation and 32 discharged patients treated with integrated traditional and western medicine. The improvement rate of severe patients with COVID-19 reached 83.61%.

====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====

截至3月上旬，中国中医科学院，北京中医药大学和天津、江苏、河南、湖南、陕西等地中医院抽调3300多名医务人员，组成多支国家医疗队驰援湖北和武汉，分别进驻金银潭医院、湖北省中西医结合医院、雷神山医院等重点院区，接管部分方舱医院。

2020年2月25日，在武汉江夏方舱医院，湖南中医药大学第一附属医院副院长、江夏方舱医院副院长朱莹（左）和湖南中医药大学第一附属医院医生戴飞跃（中）为一名新冠肺炎患者号脉。（新华社记者沈伯韩摄）

金银潭医院等几家重点医院中西医结合治疗的成功经验，很快在武汉推广开来。截至2月28日，武汉已开放的16家方舱医院收治的7600多位患者基本做到中医治疗全覆盖；湖北地区中医药参与救治确诊病例57910例，其中治愈出院 21193 例。

As of early March, more than 3,300 medical personnels from the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Chinese hospitals in Tianjin, Jiangsu, Henan, Hunan and Shaanxi formed several national medical teams to assist Hubei and Wuhan. They were stationed at key hospitals such as Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, and Thunder God Mountain Hospital and also took over some mobile cabin hospitals.
Zhu Ying (left), vice president of the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine and vice President of Jiangxia cabin hospital, and Dai Feiyue (center), a doctor of the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, were checking the pulse of a patient infected by coronavirus at the Jiangxia cabin hospital in Wuhan, February 25, 2020. (Photo by Shen Bohan, Xinhua News Agency)
The successful treatment of combining Chinese and Western medicine in several key hospitals, such as Jinyintan Hospital, soon spread in Wuhan. As of February 28, more than 7,600 patients admitted to 16 hospitals in Wuhan have been treated with TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) to a full coverage. TCM in Hubei has been applied to the treatment in 57,910 confirmed cases, of which 21,193 were cured and discharged.

====李鸿 Li Hong====

延伸阅读：
一位医生的确诊和治疗康复之路
从一名医生，到一名新冠肺炎患者，对左东波来说，不过是两天时间。
左东波，38岁，武汉东西湖第二人民医院的一名骨科医生。 2020年1月初，他在工作岗位上感染新冠肺炎。
“因为在门诊上班，遇到的患者比较多，也有医生出现发烧。我没有太在意，口服了奥司他韦，但是效果不好。”左东波回应说。出现症状后，病情发展之快，是左东波所没有预料到的。
1月7号，他开始严重发烧，咳嗽更加厉害。他自行打了吊针，都是门诊上自己开的方子，主要是头抱等药物。当天，左东波做了一个胸部CT,胸部CT显示肺部有轻度感染。
“一直熬到了 1月9号。9号上午我在上班，当时就已经高烧到39度多。"
左东波有种不好的预感，直觉告诉他，这不是简单的感冒。

Extended Reading: A Doctor’s Experience of Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation
It only took two days for Zuo Dongbo to go from a doctor to a patient with COVID-19. Zuo Dongbo, 38 years old, was an orthopedic doctor in Wuhan Dongxihu Second People’s Hospital. At the beginning of January 2020, he was infected with COVID-19 on his job. He recalled, “Since I worked in the outpatient department where I met many patients and some doctors also had a fever, so I didn’t care too much about it. I took oseltamivir, but it didn’t work.” However, he did not expect how rapid the disease can go after the onset of symptoms. On January 7th, he began to have a severe fever and cough even badly. He took a sling on his own, which were prescribed by the department, mainly were cephalosporins etc. On the same day, Zuo Dongbo had a chest CT, which showed that there was a slight infection in the lungs. “I was at work on the morning of the 9th, when my fever reached 39 degrees.” Zuo Dongbo had a bad feeling, and his intuition told him that it was not a simple cold.

====李佳珺 Li Jiajun====

“我从来没有过这样糟糕的感觉。自己平时身体状况很好，喜欢游泳，连药都没买过。” 1月9号，他在化验的时候加做了一个查血，随后又去做了一次CT。
这次他有点被吓到了：和之前的CT相比，肺部毛玻璃更加明显，而且双肺都有毛玻璃。
发现病情加重之后，左东波直接住到了东西湖区人民医院感染科，因为这个医院和他所在的东西湖区第二人民医院对口。科室的刘主任跟他是好朋友。
住院后，左东波一直备受煎熬，“从东西湖区人民医院转院时，感觉自己都快不行了。有一种濒死感，就像人淹到水里面一样，一脱离高压氧，根本没办法呼吸。”
从1月9日入住东西湖人民医院本部，到1月16日下午转到金银潭医院重症监护室，左东波经历了人生最难熬的一周。
从东西湖到金银潭，救护车载着左东波驶向生的希望。

“I have never had this kind of bad feeling. I’m always fighting fit. I love swimming. And I have never bought medicine.” On January 9th, he did an extra blood test when he had the coronavirus test, and then, he had a CT scan examination.
This time he was shocked by the result: compared with the former CT, ground-glass opacity was much more obvious, and the whole lung had GGO.
Knowing his health condition turned worse, Zuo Dongbo was directly hospitalized in the Dongxihu District People’s Hospital Infection Department. This hospital was opposite to the Second Dongxihu District Hospital which he worked at, and the office director Dr liu was his good friend.
Being hospitalized, Zoo Dongbo was suffering from the illness.“On the way leaving the hospital, I felt like I was dying. It’s like drowning, once I stopped having HPO, I cannot breathe.”
From January 9th, moving into the Dongxihu District People’s Hospital, to January 16th, transferring to the Jinyintan Hospital, Zuo Dongbo had had his most unbearable week in his life.
From Dongxihu to Jinyintan, the ambulance carried Zuo Dongbo to the hope of life.

“I have never had this kind of bad feeling. I’m always fighting fit. I love swimming. And I have never bought medicine.” On January 9th, he did an extra blood test when he had the coronavirus test, and then, he had a CT scan examination. This time he was shocked by the result: compared with the former CT, ground-glass opacity was much more obvious, and the whole lung had GGO. Knowing his health condition turned worse, Zuo Dongbo was directly hospitalized in the Dongxihu District People’s Hospital Infection Department. This hospital was opposite to the Second Dongxihu District Hospital which he worked at, and the office director liu was his good friend. Being hospitalized, Zoo Dongbo was suffering from the illness.“On the way transferring to the hospital, I felt like I was dying. It’s like drowning, once I stopped having HPO, I cannot breathe.” From January 9th, moving into the Dongxihu District People’s Hospital, to January 16th, transferring to the ICU of Jinyintan Hospital, Zuo Dongbo had had his most unbearable week in his life. From Dongxihu to Jinyintan, the ambulance carried Zuo Dongbo to the hope of life.

====李可依 Li Keyi ====

当他再次醒来时，发现自己已经在金银潭医院了， “我很庆幸，多亏了我妹妹和妹夫，替我做了一个很重要的决定—— 转到金银潭医院。”
刚转到金银潭医院，左东波话也说不出来。慢慢地恢复意识后，他的第一个感受是，这里的护士对待每个患者都如同自己家人。危重患者治疗要求不能脱氧，只能在床上大小便。年纪大的患者，翻身时需要几个护士一起做。身为同行和患者，左东波对于护士们的付出第一次感受得如此深入。

When he woke up again, he found himself in Jinyintan Hospital, "I am very lucky that thanks to my sister and brother-in-law, they made a very important decision for me - to transfer me to Jinyintan Hospital." When he was first transferred to Jinyintan Hospital, Zuo Dongbo couldn't even speak. After slowly regaining consciousness, his first feeling was that the nurses here treated every patient like their own family. The treatment for critically ill patients requires that they cannot go off oxygen and can only urinate and defecate in bed. For older patients, it takes several nurses to turn them over. As a peer and a patient, Zuo Dongbo felt the nurses' dedication so deeply for the first time.

When he woke up again, he found himself in Jinyintan Hospital, "I am very lucky that thanks to my sister and brother-in-law, they made a very important decision for me - to transfer me to Jinyintan Hospital." When he was first transferred to Jinyintan Hospital, Zuo Dongbo couldn't even speak. After slowly regaining consciousness, his first feeling was that the nurses here treated every patient like their own family. The treatment for critical patients requires that they cannot go off oxygen and can only urinate and defecate in bed. For older patients, it takes several nurses to turn them over. As a peer and a patient, Zuo Dongbo felt the nurses' dedication so deeply for the first time.

====李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====

同病房有四个重症患者，左东波眼看着他们一个个地离去，心里很不是滋味。在转入轻症病房前，左东波主动提议和护理他的上海支援湖北医疗队队员、复旦大学附属金山医院神经外科重症监护室主管护师张文英合影留念，互相加油鼓劲。

There were four critically ill patients in the same ward. Zuo Dongbo was very upset when he watched them leave one by one. Before he was transferred to the mild illness ward, Zuo Dongbo actively proposed to take a group photo with Zhang Wenying, the member of the Shanghai Support Hubei Medical Team and the nurse in charge of the neurosurgery intensive care unit of Jinshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, to cheer each other on.

There were four critically ill patients in the same ward. Zuo Dongbo was very upset when he watched the other three leave one by one. Before he was transferred to the mild illness ward, Zuo Dongbo suggested to take a photo with Zhang Wenying, a member of the Hubei-Supporting Medical Team of Shanghai and the nurse in charge of the neurosurgery intensive care unit of Jinshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, to cheer each other on.

1月31号，因不需要高流量给氧，左东波转到了普通病房。

On January 31, Zuo Dongbo was transferred to the general ward because he did not need high flow oxygen.

On January 31, Zuo Dongbo was transferred to the general ward because he did not need high flow oxygen any more.

在普通病房，左东波经常跟护士们交流防护方面的问题，叮嘱他们多注意穿脱细节。“因为穿着防护服，我其实记不住他们的长相，但确实很感激。”

In the general ward, Zuo Dongbo often communicated with nurses about protection issues, and told them to pay more attention to the details of wearing and taking off. "I can't remember their looks because I wore protective clothing, but I really appreciate it."

In the general ward, Zuo Dongbo often communicated with nurses about protection issues, and told them to pay more attention to the details of wearing and taking off. "I can't remember their looks because they wore protective clothing, but I'm really grateful to them."

从金银潭出院后，左东波进行了 14天的隔离观察。隔离观察期结束后，左东波又奔赴抗疫战场。
（李杰）

After discharge from Jinyintan hospital, Zuo Dongbo carried out an isolation observation for 14 days. After the isolation and observation period, Zuo Dongbo went to the anti epidemic battlefield again.
(Li Jie)

After discharge from Jinyintan hospital, Zuo Dongbo carried out an isolation observation for 14 days. After the isolation and observation period, Zuo Dongbo went to the anti-epidemic battlefield again.
(Li Jie)

金银潭抗疫纪爭

Anti epidemic Disciplinary Struggle in Jinyintan

Anti-epidemic in Jinyintan Hospital A record

==Part 6==

====李心田 Li Xintian====

第二早

坚守阵地的金银潭战士们

白衣作战袍，塵战金银潭。

金银潭医院作为抗击新冠肺炎疫情之战的风暴眼中心，可以说是战争最激烈的地方。医院所有在职干部职工坚守阵地，毫不退缩，与疫魔展开塵战。
院长张定宇是这一片战场的主心骨。在他的身后，是亲密无间的战友——“以身试药”的副院长黄朝林、为前线战士输送弹药的医院药师们、“生命摆渡人” 120团队、医院南二病区楼道和病房中进进出出的白衣天使、为所有医护人员和患者守着“一盏灯”的后勤员工、争分夺秒寻找病毒“解药”的医院 GCP机构、比任何人都更接近病毒的检验科员工

拼渐冻生命与疫魔竟速

记疫情“风暴眼”中武汉金银潭医院院长张定宇

The second morning

The ground-holding soldiers of Jinyintan Hospital

With white coat being campaign gown, fighting fiercely in Jinyintan Hospital.

As the storm eye center of the anti-pandemic battle, Jinyintan Hospital can be seen as the fiercest place of this battle. All the hospital’s cadres in work held the ground without any thought of retreating back and fought fiercely against the evil pandemic. Director Zhang Dingyu was the backbone of this field. Behind him were his close fellow fighters: vice director Huang Chaolin who “tested medicine in person”, pharmacists providing medicine “bullets” for the fighters in the front, the 120 work team who ferried lives, doctors in and out of the corridors and wards of the hospital south No. 2 department, the logistic staff supporting all medical staff and patients, the hospital GCP agency seizing every minute and second to find the cure for the virus, and the clinical laboratory staff who were the closest to the virus.

Strain an ALS life and race against evil pandemic

A recording of Director Zhang Dingyu of the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital in the “storm eye” of the pandemic.

Correction：The second morning

The ground-holding soldiers of Jinyintan Hospital

With white coat being campaign gown, fighting fiercely in Jinyintan Hospital.

As the storm eye center of the anti-pandemic battle, Jinyintan Hospital can be seen as the fiercest place of this battle. All the hospital’s cadres in work held the ground without any thought of retreating back and fought fiercely against the evil pandemic. Director Zhang Dingyu was the backbone of this field. Behind him were his close fellow fighters: vice director Huang Chaolin who “tested medicine in person”, pharmacists providing medicine “bullets” for the fighters in the front, the 120 work team who ferried lives, doctors in and out of the corridors and wards of the hospital south No. 2 department, the logistic staff supporting all medical staff and patients, the hospital GCP agency seizing every minute and second to find the cure for the virus, and the clinical laboratory staff who were the closest to the virus.

Strain an ALS life and race against evil pandemic

A recording of Director Zhang Dingyu of the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital in the “storm eye” of the pandemic.

====李彦 Li Yan====

生命，有起点，也会有终点。张定宇——武汉抗疫一线一位医护人员，似乎在按倒计时的方式与生命和时间进行着搏斗。
手里接打着一个又一个几乎不间断的电话，脚下步子也不停，还不忘对身边人发出一个又一个清晰的指令……
这，是武汉市金银潭医院院长张定宇给人的第一印象。
金银潭，老武汉人都未必熟悉的一家传染病专科医院，这些天频繁见诸媒体。这里，是最早集中收治不明肺炎患者的医院，是这场全民抗“疫”之战最早打响的地方。
张定宇在这场与病毒赛跑、与死神竞速的战事中，已经战斗了 33天。而他自己，也在同“渐冻症”进行着顽强斗争。
个性“粗糙”的院长：“幸亏靠了他的暴脾气和果断！”

Life has a beginning and an end. Zhang Dingyu, a paramedic on the front line of the fight against the epidemic in Wuhan, seems to be fighting for his life and time in a countdown manner.
With phone call after phone call almost non-stop in his hands and his feet on the ground, he is still giving clear instructions to those around him. ......
This, is the first impression given by Zhang Dingyu, the director of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital.
The first thing that struck me was that Zhang Dingyu, the director of the Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan, a specialist hospital for infectious diseases that may not be familiar to any old Wuhaner, is frequently seen in the media these days. It was the first hospital to focus on patients with unknown pneumonia and the first place where the battle against the epidemic was fought.
Zhang Dingyu has been fighting for 33 days in this race against the virus and death. He, too, has been fighting a tough battle against the disease.
The "rough" personality of the dean: "Fortunately, we can rely on his temper and determination!

====李梓玉 Li Ziyu====

2019年12月29日，武汉，雾，多云。
武汉华南海鲜批发市场首批不明肺炎患者转入位于武汉三环外的金银潭医院。
“当时不少医疗机构也陆续出现不明原因肺炎患者，绝对不能大意。”多年从事传染病防治，职业敏感让张定宇第一时间判断，这不是普通的传染病。
果断决策：他将这些患者迅速集中到隔离病房，穿上防护服，进隔离区查看症状，分析研判。
隆冬，一股寒意向张定宇袭来，情况比他想象的要糟。

====梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====

12月30日一早，他再度决策：紧急布置腾退病房，抽调更多医疗力量，新开两个病区，转入80多名患者，完成清洁消毒，设备物资人员调配……
平时少有人知晓的金银潭，拌和着空气中浓浓消毒水味的，还有凝重紧张的气氛。
人类与重大疾病斗争史上，未知和恐惧，从来都如影随形；清醒和果敢，也愈加珍贵地相生相伴。

2020年1月2 9S,武汉市金银潭医院院长张定宇回到医院后马上换装投入工作。（新华社记者肖艺九摄）

2020年1月29日，武汉金银潭医院院长张定宇接受新华社记者采访。（新华社记者肖艺九摄）

Early in the morning of December 30, he made another decision: emergency arrangements to vacate the wards, the deployment of more medical forces, the opening of two new wards, the transfer of more than 80 patients, the completion of the cleaning and disinfection, equipment and materials and personnel deployment ...... usually little-known Jinyintan, mixed with the strong smell of disinfectant water in the air, and the atmosphere of gloomy tension. In the history of mankind's struggle with major diseases, the unknown and fear have always followed each other; sobriety and boldness have become more and more precious together.

Zhang Dingyu, president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, returns to the hospital and immediately dresses for work on January 2, 2020. (Xinhua News Agency reporter Xiao Yijiu) On January 29, 2020, Zhang Dingyu, president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, was interviewed by Xinhua News Agency. (Photo by Xiao Yijiu, Xinhua News Agency)

correction：

Early in the morning of December 30, he made another decision: emergency arrangements to vacate the wards, the deployment of more medical forces, the opening of two new wards, the transfer of more than 80 patients, the completion of the cleaning and disinfection, the deployment of equipment, materials and personnel... Usually little-known Jinyintan is mixed with the strong smell of disinfectant water in the air and the atmosphere of tension. In the history of mankind's struggle with major diseases, the unknown and fear have always followed people; sobriety and boldness have intertwined and become more precious.

Zhang Dingyu, president of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan, returned to the hospital and immediately dresses for work on January 29, 2020. (Photo/Xinhua News Agency reporter Xiao Yijiu) On January 29, 2020, Zhang Dingyu, president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, was interviewed by Xinhua News Agency. (Photo/Xiao Yijiu, Xinhua News Agency)

====廖璐佳 Liao Lujia ====

之后的日子，时钟的钟摆对金银潭、对张定宇、对已知和未知的所有，似乎都踏上了加速度的轨道。
不断有新患者转入，相当于医院要不断“换水”，任何一丝不细致都会弄出乱子。
早上7点半，往往换班的医护人员还没到，张定宇就已经到了。“今天收了多少患者？ ” “多少出院？ ”他每次问，都要回答者脱口而出说出精确数字。“收患者、转患者、管患者，按道理有些事他可以不管，但他都会到现场亲自过问。”南三病区主任张丽说。
张丽2003年曾参与过抗击非典，对传染病防治是见过大场面的。搁平时，这位资深传染病医生，见了张定宇却多少会躲着走。“脾气粗糙，你和他说话都不许插嘴”，张丽说。

In the days that followed, the pendulum of the clock seemed to accelerate for Jin Yintan, Zhang Dingyu, and everything known and unknown. New patients were transferred to the hospital, which means hospital constantly cured former patients, and lack of meticulousness will make a mess. At 7:30 a.m., Zhang Dingyu had already arrived before the medical staff who worked the shift arrived. "How many patients were admitted today? How many are discharges?" Every time he asked, he had the respondents blurt out the exact number. “Accepting, transferring and managing patients are not his business and he can ignore some things, but he will go to the scene to personally inquire.” Zhang Li, director of the South Three ward, said. Zhang Li participated in the fight against SARS in 2003 and has seen big scenes in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Usually, this senior infectious disease doctor would hide away to some extent when he saw Zhang Dingyu. "You have a rough temper, so you are not allowed to interrupt him when you talk to him." Zhang Li said.

correction:
In the following days, the pendulum of the clock seemed to have accelerated for Jin Yintan, Zhang Dingyu, and everything known and unknown. New patients were transferred to the hospital, which means hospital constantly cured former patients, and lack of meticulousness will make a mess. At 7:30 a.m., Zhang Dingyu had already arrived before the medical staff who worked the shift arrived. "How many patients were admitted today? How many are discharges?" Every time he asked, he had the respondents blurt out the exact number. “Accepting, transferring and managing patients are not his business and he can ignore some things, but he will go to the scene to personally inquire.” Zhang Li, director of the South Three ward, said. Zhang Li participated in the fight against SARS in 2003 and has seen big scenes in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. In normal times, this senior infectious disease doctor would hide away somewhat when he sees Zhang Dingyu. "He has a rough temper, so you are not allowed to interrupt him when you talk to him." Zhang Li said.

====刘丛领 Liu Congling ====

张丽没想到的是，这次不仅是“粗糙”，更是躲不过去的 “折磨”。“任务布置急、要求高，事无巨细，骂起人来都不留情面。”
被“折磨”的张丽在这次危机中却感觉到张定宇“粗糙” 脾气下的细致。“幸亏靠了他的暴脾气和果断。有困难找他，总会有办法。现在看到他的身影，有种踏实的感觉。”
1月8日，国家卫健委公布，初步确认“新型冠状病毒” 为此次疫情的病原。
武汉，九省通衢，有1100万人口。几乎一夜间，成为一场波及全球疫情的“风暴眼”。
“风暴眼”中：“有他在，医护人员、患者、家属心里都有底。” 疫情袭来，冲击着每一个人。坚毅，能不能战胜恐慌？武汉，紧张中蕴含着不安和骚动。金银潭医院病区内，呼叫医务服务的铃声此起彼伏，与病楼外疏落的人影形成强烈的反差。
Zhang Li did not expect that this time is not only "rough", but also an unavoidable "torture". "The task is urgent and demanding, so there is no mercy in scolding people." "Tortured" Zhang Li in this crisis found Zhang Dingyu’ meticulousness under his cover of "rough" temper. "Thanks to his temper and determination. He can always find out a solution when you are stuck in trouble. I feel a sense of security when I see him." On January 8, the National Health Commission announced that the novel coronavirus was initially identified as the cause of the outbreak. Wuhan, a thoroughfare of nine provinces and home to 11 million people, became the epicentre of a global pandemic all but overnight. In the "eye of the storm", his being makes medical staff, patients, family members feel secure. The rampant epidemic was affecting everyone. Can perseverance conquer panic? In Wuhan, there is unease and commotion in the tension. In the ward of Jinyintan Hospital, the sound of the bell calling for medical services is repeated one after another, in sharp contrast to the scattered figures outside the building.

Correction:
Zhang Li did not expect that this time it was not only “rough”, but also an unavoidable “torture”. “The task is urgent and demanding, so there is no mercy in scolding people.” “Tortured” Zhang Li in this crisis found Zhang Dingyu’s meticulousness under his cover of “rough” temper. “Thanks to his hot temper and determination, he can always find out a solution when you are stuck in trouble. I feel a sense of security when I see him.” On January 8, the National Health Commission announced that the novel coronavirus was initially identified as the cause of the outbreak. Wuhan, a thoroughfare of nine provinces and home to 11 million people, became the epicentre of a global pandemic all but overnight. In the “eye of the storm”, having him there, the medical staff, patients and all family members felt secure. The rampant epidemic was affecting everyone. Could perseverance conquer panic? In Wuhan, there was unease and commotion in the tension. In the ward of Jinyintan Hospital, the sound of the bell calling for medical services rang one after another, in sharp contrast to the scattered figures outside the building.

====刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu ====

“风暴眼”中，张定宇走着、说着。
对患者，他是一种语气。
“您家莫急莫急，我马上安排人出来接。”
对下级，他是另一种态度。
“搞快点，搞快点，这个事情一点都等不得，马上就搞。” 严厉，但是镇定。
张定宇告诉大家：对呼吸道传染病不必过于恐慌，按要求做好防护就没危险。“我们要胆大心细！有什么责任有我担着。”
他身后，从一个病区，到一栋楼，到三栋楼；护士从两小时交接班一次，延长到四五个小时一次；医生更是恨不得把一个人掰成两个人来用……
“去年12月29日到现在，他没休过一天，只有两个晚上离开医院稍微早些。”金银潭医院党委书记王先广说。给他留下深刻印象的还有这位搭档蹒跚的身影。

In the “eye of the storm”, Zhang Dingyu walked and talked. To the patient, he said in a soothing voice, “Don’t worry. I’ll have someone pick you up right away.” To his subordinates, however, he has a different attitude, “Hurry up, hurry up! This can’t be put off. We must do it right now.” He was strict, but calm. Zhang Dingyu told everyone: there was no need to panic about respiratory infections. There would be no danger if everyone took proper precautions as required. “We must be bold but careful! I will take responsibility for whatever it is.” Behind him, it went from one ward, to one building, then to three buildings; nurses shift from once every two hours to once every four or five hours; doctors wished they could divide themselves into two... “Since December 29th last year, he has not taken a day off. Only two nights did he leave the hospital a little early.” said Wang Xianguang, the party secretary of Jinyintan Hospital. He was also impressed by the staggering figure of his partner.

In the “eye of the storm”, Zhang Dingyu walked and talked. To the patient, he said in a soothing voice, “Don’t worry. I’ll have someone pick you up right away.” To his subordinates, however, he has a different attitude, “Hurry up, hurry up! This can’t be put off. We must do it right now.” He was strict but calm. Zhang told everyone: there was no need to be over panic about respiratory infections. There would be no danger if everyone took proper precautions as required. “We must be bold but careful! I will take responsibility for everything.” Behind him, it went from one ward, to one building, then to three buildings; nurses shift from once every two hours to once every four or five hours; doctors wished they could divide themselves into two... “Since December 29th last year, he has not taken a day off. Only two nights did he leave the hospital a little early.” said Wang Xianguang, the party secretary of Jinyintan Hospital. He was also impressed by the staggering figure of his partner.

====刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====

越来越多的同事发现，一向脚步如风的院长下楼梯脚步越来越慢。面对越来越多人的追问，张定宇终于承认：“我得了渐冻症，两年前就犯病了，下楼吃力，更怕摔倒。”
渐冻症是一种罕见病症，慢慢会进展为全身肌肉萎缩和吞咽困难，直至呼吸衰竭。“我特别怕下楼，必须扶着。平时，我下楼都会抓住我爱人。”
“多少次问他，都说膝关节动过手术。”感染科主任文丹宁说。直至这次，她和其他同事才回过神来，“为什么他脚步高低不平，上下楼一定要抓紧扶手，慢慢挪。”
北七病区护士长贾春敏却不承认。“他明明走得好快！ ” 1 月21日晚腾退完病房后，正等待转入新患者，贾春敏就接到张定宇电话：“五分钟到北7楼，看新病区还差些什么？ ”
放下电话，贾春敏赶着拉上装物资的小推车一路小跑。“他从办公室到北7楼比我远，等我到的时候，他已经在那儿了。” 贾春敏说，“平时他老跟不上我们，但他拼的时候，我们跟不上他。”
“有他在，医护人员、患者、家属心里都有底。”文丹宁说。

More and more colleagues found that the director who walked so fast in the past now was slow when walking down the stairs. Facing with increased questions, Zhang Dingyu eventually admitted that, “I got ALS two years ago. At that time, it was hard for me to walk down the stairs, and I was more afraid of falling.” ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) is a rare disease, and it would gradually cause systemic amyotrophy and dysphagia until respiratory failure happens. “I specially terrify of going downstairs, so I must hold something when I doing that. I usually grasp my wife when walking down.” Wen Danning, the head of infectious disease department, said, “I have asked him for several times, but he just told me that he had a surgery on his knee.” She and her colleagues were not realized that until this time, “That is why his steps are uneven and he always walks slowly while going up and down the stairs with grasping the handrail firmly.” Jia Chunmin, the head nurse of North No.7 ward area, didn’t acknowledge that, “He walks so fast obviously!” After clearing all the wards and waiting for new patients on January 21, Jia received Zhang’s call, “I will arrive the North No.7 building, please check what should be implemented.” Jia ran with a small cart to carry supplies immediately after putting down her phone. “The distance between his office and the building is further than I have. But when I arrive there, he is already there.” Jia said, “He can’t follow us in ordinary time, but we can’t follow him when he works so hard.” Wen Daning said, “Medical workers, patients and family members of them are relieved for he is being there.”

====刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====

33天和30分钟：“没说太多话，都很疲惫，只是离开时叮嘱了下：保重。”
慢和快，在张定宇身上，在疫情发生后，组成奇妙的复合体。
清早6点钟起床、次日凌晨1点左右睡觉，不知不觉成了常态。好几个夜晚，张定宇凌晨2点刚躺下，4点就被手机叫醒。
情和痛，也不知从什么地方会来个突然袭击。
金银潭医院收治首批患者22天后，张定宇得到消息：在武汉另一家医院工作的妻子，在工作中被感染新型冠状病毒，住进相隔十多公里的另一家医院。
妻子入院三天后，晚上11点多，张定宇赶紧跑去探望，却只待了不到半小时。“没说太多话，都很疲惫，只是离开时叮嘱了下：保重。”采访时，张定宇不愿多回忆那宝贵的30 分钟。
“实在是没时间。我很内疚，我也许是个好医生，但不是个好丈夫。”眼前这位五大三粗，和普通人眼中医生形象很不匹配的硬汉，眼圈忽然红了。“我们结婚28年了，刚开始两天她状态不好，我就怕她扛不过去。”

33 days and 30 minutes: "He didn't say much, very tired, but when he left, he told me to take care."
Slow and fast, in Zhang Dingyu, after the outbreak, form a wonderful compound.
Waking up at 6 a.m. and going to bed at 1 a.m. the next morning became the routine without realizing it. On several nights, Zhang was woken up by his cell phone at 4 a.m. after just lying down at 2 a.m.
He didn't know where and when the pain and emotions would come out of nowhere.
Twenty-two days after the first patients were hospitalized at Jinyintan Hospital, Zhang got the news that his wife, who worked at another hospital in Wuhan, had been infected with the new coronavirus at work and was sent to another hospital more than 10 kilometers away.
Three days after his wife was sent to the hospital, at 11 p.m., Zhang rushed to visit, but stayed less than half an hour. He didn't say much, he was very exhausted, but when he left, he said, "Take care." At the time of the interview, Zhang Dingyu did not want to recall the precious 30 minutes.
"I really didn't have time. I feel guilty, I may be a good doctor, but I'm not a good husband." The man in front of me, who is big and bold and does not match the image of a doctor in the eyes of ordinary people, suddenly has red eyes. "We've been married for 28 years, and when she was in bad condition for the first two days, I was afraid she wouldn't make it."

====刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing====

不能完全停下来，也不能时时刻刻在动。张定宇的渐冻病需要比别人更好掌握这个度。
几乎没时间去看患病的妻子，却又搁不下、放不了挂念，没法想象张定宇心里怎么过的这道坎。
一个多月，夜以继日，张定宇病了。躺在床上输液时，手里仍拿着各种材料数据了解患者情况、重症人数、救治进展，布置各项工作……刚刚好一点，只要可能，张定宇都会再穿上被称为“猴服”的防护服，从患者通道走到隔离病房，走到重症室查房。
“穿着防护服，走路都能听到呼吸、心跳，出来前心后背都湿透了。”张定宇的感受，是疫情笼罩下，医护人员最真实的感受。
好在，坎过去了。妻子在入院十天后的1月29日下午，痊愈出院。这个消息让已经了解张定宇，知道了这样一位战“疫” 勇士事迹的人们，都松了一口气。
急切的记者电话核实这个压抑中难得的好消息时，已经是晚上11点了。开车回家路上的张定宇说了一句话：“对，两次核酸检测呈阴性。”
张定宇的“三重身份”：“无论哪个身份，在这非常时期、危急时刻，都没理由退半步，必须坚决顶上去！”
共产党员、院长、医生，是张定宇的三重身份。
“无论哪个身份，在这非常时期、危急时刻，都没理由退半步，必须坚决顶上去！”张定宇说。
You can't stop completely, nor can you move all the time. Zhang Dingyu's acromegaly requires a better grasp of this than others.
It is impossible to imagine how Zhang Dingyu's heart can survive this hurdle when he barely has time to see his sick wife, but cannot put aside or let go of his worries.
For more than a month, night and day, Zhang Dingyu became ill. While lying in bed receiving an infusion, he was still holding various materials and data to understand the situation of the patients, the number of serious cases, the progress of treatment, and to set up various tasks. ...... Whenever possible, Zhang Dingyu would put on his protective suit, known as the "monkey suit", and walk from the patient corridor to the isolation ward and to the intensive care unit. The first time I saw him, I was in the hospital.
"In the suit, I could hear my breathing and heartbeat when I walked, and the back of my heart was soaked through before I came out." Zhang Dingyu's feelings are the most realistic of the health care workers in the grip of the epidemic.
The good news is that the hurdle has passed. Ten days after his wife was admitted to hospital, on the afternoon of 29 January, she was discharged. The news was a relief to those who already knew about Zhang Dingyu and the story of such a warrior in the battle against the epidemic.
It was already 11pm when an eager reporter called to verify this rare and depressing news. On the drive home, Zhang Dingyu said, "Yes, the two nucleic acid tests were negative.
Zhang Dingyu's "triple identity": "No matter which identity, there is no reason to take a half-step back at this extraordinary and critical time, we must resolutely go up!
The triple identity of Zhang Dingyu is that of a Communist Party member, a director and a doctor.
"No matter which identity he has, there is no reason to take a half-step back in these extraordinary and critical times. Zhang Dingyu said.

You can't stop completely, nor can you move all the time. Zhang Dingyu's Als requires a better grasp of this than others.For more than a month, night and day, Zhang Dingyu was sick. While lying in bed getting an infusion, he still had various materials and data in his hand to understand the patient's condition, the number of serious cases, the progress of treatment, and to set up various tasks ...... Whenever possible, Zhang Dingyu would put on the protective suit called "monkey suit" again and walk from the patient's passage to the isolation ward and to the intensive care unit. The company's main business is to provide a wide range of products and services.
"Wearing a protective suit, you can hear breathing and heartbeat when you walk, and you come out all wet." Zhang Dingyu's feelings are the most realistic feelings of health care workers under the epidemic's grip."In the suit, I could hear my breathing and heartbeat when I walked, and the back of my heart was soaked through before I came out." Zhang Dingyu's feelings are the most realistic of the health care workers in the grip of the epidemic.
The good news is that the hurdle has passed. Ten days after his wife was admitted to hospital, on the afternoon of 29 January, she was discharged. The news was a relief to those who already knew about Zhang Dingyu and the story of such a warrior in the battle against the epidemic.
It was already 11pm when an eager reporter called to verify this rare and depressing news. On the drive home, Zhang Dingyu said, "Yes, the two nucleic acid tests were negative.
Zhang Dingyu's "triple identity": "No matter which identity, there is no reason to take a half-step back at this extraordinary and critical time, we must resolutely go up!
The triple identity of Zhang Dingyu is that of a Communist Party member, a director and a doctor.
"No matter which identity he has, there is no reason to take a half-step back in these extraordinary and critical times. Zhang Dingyu said.

====鲁思 Lu Si ====

57岁的张定宇，从一名普通医生起步，先后担任武汉市四医院副院长，武汉血液中心主任。
从医33年，他曾随中国医疗队出征，援助阿尔及利亚； 2011年除夕，作为湖北第一位“无国界医生”，出现在巴基斯坦西北的蒂默加拉医院……
他和同事们的身影，也曾出现在重大灾害发生的现场。 2008年5月14日，四川汶川地震第三天，他带领湖北省第三医疗队出现在重灾区什都市……
“像张定宇这样的党员干部，始终冲在最前线，让大家都感觉特别有主心骨。”张丽说。

2020年1月29日，由于渐冻症的关系，张定宇爬起楼时十分不便。（新华社记者肖艺九摄）

Zhang Dingyu, 57, started out as a general practitioner and has served as vice president of Wuhan Hospital IV and director of Wuhan Blood Center. On New Year's Eve 2011, as the first "Doctors Without Borders" in Hubei, he appeared at the Timergala Hospital in northwest Pakistan ....... He and his colleagues have also appeared at the scene of major disasters. He and his colleagues have also been on the scene of major disasters. On May 14, 2008, the third day of the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province, he led the third medical team from Hubei Province in the hardest-hit city of Shidu. ......Zhang Li said, "Party members like Zhang Dingyu are always at the front line, making everyone feel especially at ease."

January 29, 2020, due to the relationship of acromegaly, Zhang Dingyu climb up the building is very inconvenient.

Zhang Dingyu, 57, started out as a general practitioner and has served as vice president of Wuhan Hospital IV and director of Wuhan Blood Center. With 33 years of medical service, he once went on an expedition with the Chinese medical team to help Algeria. On New Year's Eve 2011, as the first "Doctors Without Borders" in Hubei, he appeared at the Timergala Hospital in northwest Pakistan ....... He and his colleagues have also been on the scene of major disasters. On May 14, 2008, the third day of the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province, he led the third medical team from Hubei Province in the hardest-hit city of Shidu. ......Zhang Li said, "Party members and cadres like Zhang Dingyu are always at the front line, making everyone feel especially at ease."

January 29, 2020, it was very inconvenient for Zhang Dingyu to climb up the building due to the ALS.

====陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin ====

55岁的南六病区主任陈南山顶上去了！

Chen Nanshan, the 55 year old director of South No.6 Ward, pressed on!

Chen Nanshan, the 55 year old director of South No.6 Ward, pressed on!

在春节期间人手最紧张的时候，临危受命，参与两个ICU病区建立，最多的时候1人管理3个病区近百名患者。

During the Spring Festival, when the staff was most scarce, he was assigned to take part in the establishment of two ICU wards. At most, one person managed nearly 100 patients in three wards.

During the Spring Festival, when the staff was most scarce, he was assigned to take part in the establishment of two ICU wards. At most, one person managed nearly 100 patients in three wards.

南四病区副主任余婷和同在医院护士岗位的妻子顶上去 T!夫妻俩把上小学的孩子丢给父母，坚守一线30多天。

Yu Ting, the deputy director of South No.4 Ward, and his wife, who was also a nurse in the hospital, pressed on! The couple left their children in primary school to their parents and stuck to the front line for more than 30 days.

Yu Ting, the deputy director of South No.4 Ward, and his wife, who was also a nurse in the hospital, pressed on! The couple left their children in primary school to their parents and stuck to the front line for more than 30 days.

一米五出头，看着柔弱的ICU病区主任吴文娟顶上去了！从首批不明原因肺炎患者入院，直到自己因疑似感染新型冠状病毒被隔离才下火线。

At a height of just over 150 centemeters, Wu Wenjuan, the ICU ward director who looked delicate, pressed on! From the first batch of patients with unexplained pneumonia were admitted to the hospital, Wu continued working in the front line until she was quarantined for suspected infection with novel coronavirus.

At a height of just over 150 centemeters, Wu Wenjuan, the ICU ward director who looked delicate, pressed on! From the first batch of patients with unexplained pneumonia were admitted to the hospital, Wu continued working in the front line until she was quarantined for suspected infection with the COVID-19.

金银潭医院240多名党员顶上去了!没有一个人迟疑、退缩，全部挺在急难险重岗位。有了张定宇和党员们，600多名职工全部坚守岗位，从未有人主动要“下火线”。

More than 240 Party members of Jinyintan Hospital pressed on! No one hesitated or retreated, and they were all in urgent and dangerous positions. With Zhang Dingyu and the Party members, more than 600 employees all stuck to their posts, and no one had ever taken the initiative to leave the front line.

More than 240 Party members of Jinyintan Hospital pressed on! No one hesitated or retreated, and they were all in urgent and dangerous positions. With Zhang Dingyu and the Party members, more than 600 employees all stuck to their posts, and no one had ever taken the initiative to leave the front line.

====马明宇 Ma Mingyu====

战疫魔，金银潭医院动起来了，武汉动起来了，全中国动起来了。战事还远未结束，还会有惨烈，有悲壮，甚至牺牲。

The plague whisperer, Jinyintan Hospital has moved, Wuhan has moved, and the whole of China has moved. The war is far from over, there will be miserable, tragic and even sacrifice.

The war against the epidemic is on, the Jinyintan Hospital is on the move, Wuhan is on the move, and all of China is on the move. The war is far from over, and there will be tragedy, tragedy and even sacrifice.

“健康所系，性命相托”。对张定宇们，这是践行的誓言！对无数民众，这是力量所在，希望所在。

"Tie with health, entrust by life." For Zhang Dingyu and other doctors, this is the oath to practice! For millions of people, this is where strength lies and hope lies.

"When health is at stake, lives are at stake". For Zhang Dingyu and other doctors, this is a vow to be fulfilled! For countless people, this is where strength and hope lie.

动如风火的张定宇也有个希望，在自己能动的时候，跑赢这次与新型冠状病毒的赛跑。

Zhang Dingyu, who moves like wind and fire, also has a hope that he will win the race against the COVID-19 when he is active.

Zhang Dingyu, who moves like wind and fire, also has a hope that he will win the race against the COVID-19 when he is active.

“我会慢慢失去知觉，将来会真的跟冻住了一样。”张定宇下意识地摸了摸腿，“慢慢我会缩成小小一团，固定在轮椅上。每个渐冻患者，都是看着自己一点点消逝的……”

"I'll lose consciousness slowly, and I'll be really frozen in the future." Zhang Dingyu subconsciously touched his leg. "Slowly I will shrink into a small ball and stay in a wheelchair." Every patient who has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is watching himself disappear little by little..."

"I'll lose consciousness slowly, and I'll be really frozen in the future." Zhang Dingyu subconsciously touched his leg. "Slowly I will shrink into a small ball and stay in a wheelchair." Every patient who has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is watching himself disappear little by little..."

“生命留给我的时间不多了。必须跑得更快，才能跑赢时间，把重要的事情做完。”

"I don't have much time left. So I have to run faster to beat the time and get the important things done."

"I don't have much time left. So I have to run faster to beat the time and get the important things done."

====彭琦 Peng Qi ====

2020年1月27 B,在武汉金银潭医院综合病区楼，张定宇在联系协调工作。（新华社发柯皓摄）
伴着高低不平的脚步，和电话那头急促的声音,张定宇转身，朝着隔离病区走去……
1月31日，难得的冬日暖阳照进了这座非常的江城。
下午5点左右，消息传来：20名新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎患者从金银潭医院集体出院，最大年龄患者64岁，最小年龄 15岁。这是疫情发生以来同时出院人数最多的一次。
截至目前，金银潭医院累计出院确诊患者72例。
（新华社武汉2020年1月31日电记者钱彤、李鹏翔、侯文坤、黎昌政）
Zhang Dingyu contacts and coordinates work in the general ward building of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan on January 27, 2020. (Xinhua News Agency photo by Ke Hao)
With uneven footsteps and an urgent voice on the other end of the phone, Zhang Dingyu turns around and walks towards the isolation ward ......
The rare warm winter sun shone into the city of Wuhan on January 31.
At around 5 pm, the news came in that 20 pneumonia patients with novel coronavirus infection were discharged from Jinyintan Hospital, the oldest patient 64 years old and the youngest 15 years old. This is the largest number of patients discharged at the same time since the outbreak began.
So far, a total of 72 patients have been discharged from Jinyintan Hospital with confirmed cases.
(Xinhua News Agency, Wuhan, January 31, 2020 - Reporters Qian Tong, Li Pengxiang, Hou Wenkun and Li Changzheng)

On January 27, 2020, Zhang Dingyu (pictured by Ke Hao at Xinhua News Agency) worked on contacts and coordination in the general ward building of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan. With uneven footsteps and an urgent voice from the phone, Zhang Dingyu turned around and walked towards the isolation ward…
The warm winter sun rarely shone into the city of Wuhan on January 31.
At around 5 P.M., the news came in that, 20 pneumonia patients with novel coronavirus infection, ranging from 15 to 64 years old, were discharged from Jinyintan Hospital. It the largest release since the epidemic outbreak.
So far, 72 patients in total have been discharged from Jinyintan Hospital with confirmed cases. (Xinhua News Agency, Wuhan, January 31, 2020 - Reporters Qian Tong, Li Pengxiang, Hou Wenkun and Li Changzheng)

====漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====

老搭档眼中的张定宇
“好搭档好同事，好兄弟好战友。作风硬朗，遇到问题从来不退缩。”这是金银潭医院党委书记王先广对张定宇的评价。王先广和张定宇搭班子，两人再熟悉不过。他也比医院任何人都早一些知道张定宇渐冻症的病情。
王先广和张定宇都是医生，比常人更加了解渐冻症的后果和危险性。王先广说，其实张定宇这个病，是需要好好回家洗个热水澡的，既不能完全停下来，也不能时时刻刻在动。他需要掌握这个度，但是他又不能掌握这个度，因为工作在不断推着他动，最初30多天，张定宇有好几个通宵只是在办公室沙发上打了个盹。
尽管张定宇用了一些治疗方法，但仍然没有明显向好的方向转化的迹象。王先广心里也很难受,渐冻症患者肌肉萎缩以后，力量就会受限制，有一次下楼的时候，张定宇差一点摔倒下去，因为腿没有支撑能力。张定宇私下多次跟他说，两个人在一起的时候让王先广扶一下他。

Eyed as an excellent partner, nice colleague, intimate brother and reliable comrade by the old partner, resolutely Zhang Dingyu keeps moving on when encountering problems. This is what Wang Xianguang, secretary of the Party committee of Jinyintan Hospital, said about Zhang. Owing to common shifts, Wang and Zhang are familiar with each other. Wang also knows how Zhang 's progressive frostbite is like earlier than anyone in the hospital. Wang and Zhang, both doctors, are much clear about the consequences and risks of progressive frostbite than ordinary people. In fact, Zhang's illness needs to go home and take a warm bath, said Wang. It can neither stop completely nor be active all the time. The degree needs to be under control but he can't, because his work keeps pushing him. In the first 30 days, Zhang just took a nap on the office sofa several nights. Although Zhang has used some treatment methods, there is still no obvious sign of improvement. Wang was also very upset. After the muscle atrophy of the patients with progressive frostbite, their strength would be limited. Once, when he went downstairs, Zhang almost fell down because his legs could not support him. Zhang told him many times in private that Wang would help him when they were together.

In the eyes of his old partner， Zhang Dingyu is a "Good partner, good colleague, good brother, good comrade. His style is tough, and he never flinches when he encounters problems." This is the evaluation of Zhang Dingyu by Wang Xianguang, secretary of the Party Committee of Jinyintan Hospital. Wang Xianguang and Zhang Dingyu team up, the two are familiar with each other. He also knew about Zhang Dingyu's acromegaly earlier than anyone else in the hospital.
Wang Xianguang and Zhang Dingyu are both doctors and understand the consequences and dangers of acromegaly better than normal people. Wang Xianguang said, in fact, Zhang Dingyu's disease, is the need to go home and take a hot bath, can not completely stop, but also can not move all the time. He needs to master this degree, but he can not, because the work is constantly pushing him to move, the first 30 days, Zhang Dingyu just stayed in the office sofa doze for a number of overnight.
Despite the treatment methods Zhang Dingyu used, there were no obvious signs of transformation for the better. Wang Xianguang was also very upset, because after the muscle atrophy of patients with acromegaly, their strength would be limited, and once when he went downstairs, Zhang Dingyu almost fell down because his legs had no support. Zhang Dingyu told him many times in private that he should let Wang Xianguang help him when they were together.

====覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====

疫情发生以来，来金银潭医院指导交流的专家越来越多，原本就很疲乏的张定宇，脚步跟不上，只好叫班子其他领导送。
“不是因为他自己受不了，而是来了这么多专家，没有接送，对不住大家。大家来支援指导我们，没有按照礼节做到位，所以把原因说明下，更多人也就知道了他渐冻症的情况。”
“没有誓师，没有举旗喊口号，就是一线战地动员，像张定宇这样的党员自觉往前线走，带动其他医院员工动起来。” 在王先广眼里，张定宇真的是面对生死而不变色，“有险情他一定第一个冲上去”。
很多人都说张定宇是个“急脾气”，对此王先广非常理解，作为院长，张定宇做事风风火火，敢于担当，冲在前、干在前，这是他的优点。有时候如果拖延一点，甚至会耽误一条生命， “所以他说话做事都不喜欢拖泥带水，不管是我跟他讨论问题，还是其他下属向他汇报工作，他都会让大家直入主题”。
在王先广眼里，张定宇是一头狮子，敢冲敢拼，发起脾气来, 暴跳如雷，但是一头温情的狮子，很细心、很细致、很关心人。

Since the outbreak, more and more experts came to Jinyintan Hospital for guidance and exchange. Zhang Dingyu, who was already very tired, could not keep up and had to ask other leaders of the team to send him.
"It's not because he couldn't stand it, but he felt sorry for all the experts who came without transportation. You guys all came to support and guide us, but we didn't do it according to the etiquette. So I decided to explain the reason, and more people will know about his acromegaly."
"No pledge, no flag， no slogans, as if a front-line battlefield mobilization, all of the party members like Zhang Dingyu consciously to the front line, driving other hospital staff to act." In the eyes of Wang Xianguang, Zhang Dingyu really can not cahnge color when he face the life and death, "when there are dangerous situations he must be the first to rush up".
Many people say Zhang Dingyu is a "impetuous temper", which Wang Xianguang understands very well. As a dean, Zhang Dingyu do things very quick, daring to take charge, rushing ahead, trying in front, that are all his advantages. Sometimes if you delay a little, you would even delay a life, "so he does not like to drag out things, whether I discuss issues with him, or other subordinates to report on the work, he will let everyone straight to the point."
In the eyes of Wang Xianguang, Zhang Dingyu is a lion, daring to fight. Once the temper strikes, he will storm out. But he is still a warm lion, very careful, very meticulous, very caring.

Since the outbreak of the epidemic, more and more experts came to Jinyintan Hospital for guidance and exchange. Zhang Dingyu, who was already very tired, could not keep up and had to ask other leaders of the team to send him. "It's not because he couldn't stand it, but he felt sorry for all the experts who came without transportation. You guys all came to support and guide us, but we didn't do it according to the etiquette. So I decided to explain the reason, and more people will know about his acromegaly." "No pledge, no flag， no slogans, as if a front-line battlefield mobilization, all of the party members like Zhang Dingyu consciously to the front line, driving other hospital staff to act." In the eyes of Wang Xianguang, Zhang Dingyu really can not cahnge color when he face the life and death, "when there are dangerous situations he must be the first to rush up". Many people say Zhang Dingyu is a "impetuous temper", which Wang Xianguang understands very well. As a dean, Zhang Dingyu do things very quick, daring to take charge, rushing ahead, trying in front, that are all his advantages. Sometimes if you delay a little, you would even delay a life, "so he does not like to drag out things, whether I discuss issues with him, or other subordinates to report on the work, he will let everyone straight to the point." In the eyes of Wang Xianguang, Zhang Dingyu is a lion, daring to fight. Once the temper strikes, he will storm out. But he is still a warm lion who is very careful, very meticulous, very caring.

====卿子晔 Qing Ziye====

王先广说，作为院长的张定宇要布置全局，要调动力量，有重大险情的时候也会第一个冲上去。他用实际行动践行了对党忠诚、热爱人民的初心和使命！他是这次抗击新冠肺炎疫情中产生的诸多优秀共产党员中的杰出代表。
在张定宇身上，集中体现了无私无畏、担当作为的政治品格和勇毅果敢、雷厉风行的工作作风。作为共产党员，他时刻把人民群众生命安全和身体健康放在第一位，他默默承受着个人身体疾病的巨大痛苦，而用“渐冻的生命”托起了患者生的希望和信心。作为领导干部，他临危不惧、冲锋在前，应对危机镇定自若，是全院干部职工的“主心骨”和抗击疫情的“中流砥柱”。作为医生，凭借多年深厚的职业素养，成就了首战告捷，为全面打赢这场阻击战奠定了坚实基础。用他自己的话说：“我是共产党员、医务工作者，非常时期、危急时刻，必须坚决顶上去。”他是这么说的，也是这么做的，在面对重大疫情的危急时刻，他能够豁得出去，没有丝毫的畏惧和退缩，义无反顾。他是一条硬汉子、一个真英雄。

Wang Xianguang said: as dean, Zhang Dingyu should make the overall arrangements, mobilize strength, and be the first to resolve major dangers. With practical actions, Zhang fulfilled his original mission of being loyal to the party and loving the people. He was an outstanding representative of Communist Party members in the fight against COVID-19. Zhang showed the political character of selflessness, fearlessness and responsibility, as well as the brave, resolute and vigorous work style. As a member of the Communist Party, he always put the safety and health of the people in the first place. He silently accepted the great pain of personal physical diseases, and propped up the hope and confidence of the patients with his "gradually frozen body." As a leading cadre, he was not afraid of danger. He dealt with the crisis calmly as the "backbone" of the cadres and workers of the whole hospital and the "mainstay" of fighting the epidemic. As a doctor, with years of profound professionalism, he achieved victory in the first battle and laid a solid foundation for winning this blocking war in an all-round way. In his own words: "I am a member of the Communist Party and a medical staff. In extraordinary times and in times of crisis, I must resolutely stand up to it." He did exactly what he said. In the face of the epidemic, he was able to risk everything without the slightest fear or flinching. He was a tough guy and a real hero.

====仇绪 Qiu Xu ====

王先广说，张定宇的事迹和鲜为人知的病痛被曝光以后，感动了中国，同时更加深深打动了医院所有人。在他强大的精神力量感召下，医院内产生了巨大的冲击波，凝聚起了满满的正能量！
2月1。日，习近平总书记远程连线慰问金银潭医院医务人员代表之后，金银潭医院党委及时组织学习贯彻习近平总书记指示精神，再动员、再鼓劲、再部署。金银潭医院迅速掀起了学习先进典型、营造“比学赶超”浓厚氛围的热潮，全院党员干部职工以张定宇为榜样，在各自岗位上加班加点、奋力拼搏。尽管50多天没有休息，大家任劳任怨，不叫苦不怕累。钏足一股劲，咬咬牙，拼一拼，坚决顶上去。
张定宇就像一面旗帜，在抗击疫情的主战场上高高飘扬。在他的带动下，全院上下充满了决战决胜的责任感、使命感，大家的工作积极性和主动性更强，工作效率更高。
王先广说，抗击疫情的过程中，金银潭医院涌现出来一大批优秀的党员、干部和职工，如副院长黄朝林，科主任陈南山、夏家安，护士长瞿昭辉、吴静，医生涂盛锦、余振兴，护士胡绪娟、樊莉……

Wang Xianguang said that after Zhang Dingyu's story and little-known illness was exposed, it moved China and at the same time touched everyone in the hospital even more deeply. Inspired by his powerful spirit, the hospital has generated a huge shockwave of positive energy!
On February 1, after General Secretary Xi Jinping's remote link condolences to the medical staff representatives of Jinyintan Hospital, the Party Committee of Jinyintan Hospital promptly organised the study and implementation of General Secretary Xi Jinping's instructions, remobilised, re-energised and redeployed. Jinyintan Hospital quickly set off a wave of learning from advanced models and creating a strong atmosphere of "learning from each other and catching up with each other", and all party members and cadres and staff of the hospital followed Zhang Dingyu's example and worked overtime and hard at their respective posts. Although there was no rest for more than 50 days, everyone worked hard and was not afraid of suffering. They gritted their teeth, put up a fight and were determined to go on top.
Zhang Dingyu was like a flag flying high on the main battlefield of the epidemic. Led by him, the whole hospital was filled with a sense of responsibility and mission to win the battle, and everyone was more active and proactive in their work and worked more efficiently.
Wang Xianguang said that in the process of fighting the epidemic, a large number of outstanding party members, cadres and staff emerged from Jinyintan Hospital, such as Vice President Huang Chaolin, department heads Chen Nanshan and Xia Jia'an, head nurses Qu Zhaohui and Wu Jing, doctors Tu Shengjin and Yu Zhenxing, and nurses Hu Xujuan and Fan Li.

Wang Xianguang said that after Zhang Dingyu's story and little-known illness was exposed, which moved China and at the same time touched everyone in the hospital even more deeply. Inspired by his powerful spirit, the hospital has generated a huge shockwave of positive energy! On February 1, after General Secretary Xi Jinping's remote link condolences to the medical staff representatives of Jinyintan Hospital, the Party Committee of Jinyintan Hospital promptly organised the study and implementation of Xi’s instructions: re-mobilization, re-encouragement and re-deployment. Jinyintan Hospital quickly set off a wave of learning from advanced models and creating a strong atmosphere of "learning from each other and catching up with each other", and all party members, cadres and staff of the hospital followed Zhang Dingyu's example and worked overtime and hard at their respective posts. Although there was no rest for more than 50 days, everyone worked hard and was not afraid of suffering. They gritted their teeth, put up a fight and were determined to go on top. Zhang Dingyu was like a flag flying high on the main battlefield of the epidemic. Led by him, the whole hospital was filled with a sense of responsibility and mission to win the battle, and everyone was more active and proactive in their work and worked more efficiently. Wang Xianguang said that in the process of fighting the epidemic, a large number of outstanding party members, cadres and staff emerged from Jinyintan Hospital, such as Vice President Huang Chaolin, department heads Chen Nanshan and Xia Jia'an, head nurses Qu Zhaohui and Wu Jing, doctors Tu Shengjin and Yu Zhenxing, and nurses Hu Xujuan and Fan Li.

====全永慧 Quan Yonghui====

一个人的多身份战“疫”历程
武汉市金银潭医院，与病房里面的忙碌相比，院区的过道上显得特别的安静。
在这里，希望与失望交织，生存与死亡较量，人类与疫病决斗。
这两者，金银潭医院副院长黄朝林都是亲历者。
1月19日,武汉市卫健委举行新闻发布会，针对武汉市新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎综合防控答记者问。当时，湖北省医疗组专家、武汉市金银潭医院副院长黄朝林作为专家出席，并在发布会上介绍，武汉市不明原因的病毒性肺炎被确定为新型冠状病毒感染所致后，国家相关科研机构迅速研发出病毒核酸检测试剂盒，随后进行技术优化。1月16日,湖北省疾病预防控制中心收到国家下发的试剂盒后，开始对武汉市送检的不明原因的病毒性肺炎患者标本进行病原学检测。
三天后，1月22日,黄朝林的新型冠状病毒核酸检测结果显示为阳性，他也确诊被感染了。

The story of a person's battle against COVID-19 with multi-identity.
In the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, compared with the busyness inside the ward, the quietness in the aisle of the hospital was particularly apparent. Here, hope intertwined with disappointment, life competed with death, and human fought with diseases. Huang Chaolin, vice president of Jinyintan Hospital, is a witness to both of them. On January 19, Wuhan Healthcare Commission held a press conference to answer questions about the comprehensive prevention and control of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus in Wuhan. At that time, Huang Chaolin, an expert of Hubei medical group and vice president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, attended the meeting, at which he introduced that after pneumonia of unknown cause was identified as the infection of a novel coronavirus, related national scientific research institutions quickly developed nucleic acid detection kits and then optimized that technology. On January 16, Hubei CDC received the kit issued by the state, and then medical staff began to carry out etiological detection on the specimens of patients of unknown etiology. Three days later, on January 22, Huang Zhaolin tested positive for COVID.

The experience of a person's battle against COVID-19 with multi-identity.
In the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, compared with the business inside the ward, the quietness in the corridor of the hospital was particularly apparent. Here, hope intertwined with disappointment, life competed with death, and human beings fought with diseases. Huang Chaolin, vice president of Jinyintan Hospital, is a witness to both of them. On January 19, Wuhan Healthcare Commission held a press conference to answer questions about the comprehensive prevention and control of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus in Wuhan. At that time, Huang Chaolin, an expert of Hubei medical group and vice president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, attended the meeting, at which he introduced that after pneumonia of unknown cause was identified as the infection of a novel coronavirus, related national scientific research institutions quickly developed nucleic acid detection kits and then optimized that technology. On January 16, Hubei CDC received the kit issued by the state, and then medical staff began to carry out etiological detection on the specimens of patients of unknown etiology. Three days later, on January 22, Huang Zhaolin tested positive for COVID.

====任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====

3月2日，黄朝林历经40天的隔离治疗和康复，回到工作岗位再战新冠肺炎疫情。
一个人的多身份战“疫”历程要从2019年12月27日说起。
2019年12月27日晩，黄朝林和张定宇正在办公室讨论事情，其间他接到一个武汉同济医院打来的电话，请求将一名冠状病毒肺炎患者转至金银潭医院。对方在电话中说，已在病例样本中检测出冠状病毒基因序列。
凭借职业敏感，黄朝林和张定宇，立即拨通了北京地坛医院专家的电话，得到的建议是接收患者，展开调查和研究。后来因患者家属不同意，未能转入金银潭。
2019年12月29日，对黄朝林来说，是一个特殊的日子。
这一天，也是黄朝林个人战“疫”打响的第一天。
On March 2, after 40 days of isolation treatment and rehabilitation, Huang Chaolin returned to work to fight the COVID-19 again. The course of a person's multi identity war "epidemic" would start on December 27, 2019. On the evening of December 27, 2019, Huang Chaolin and Zhang Dingyu were discussing matters in the office. During the discussion, he received a call from Wuhan Tongji Hospital requesting that a patient with coronavirus pneumonia be transferred to Jinyintan Hospital. The other person said on the phone that the coronavirus gene sequence had been detected in the case samples. With occupational sensitivity, Huang Chaolin and Zhang Dingyu immediately called the experts of Beijing Ditan Hospital, and they were advised to receive patients for investigation and research. Later, because the patient's family members did not agree, they were unable to transfer to Jinyintan. December 29, 2019 is a special day for Huang Chaolin. This day is also the first day of Huang Chaolin's personal battle against the epidemic.

On March 2, after 40 days of isolated treatment and rehabilitation, Huang Chaolin returned to work to fight the COVID-19 again. A person's multi identity war against "epidemic" would start on December 27, 2019. On the evening of December 27, 2019, Huang Chaolin and Zhang Dingyu were discussing matters in the office. During the discussion, he received a call from Wuhan Tongji Hospital requesting that a patient with coronavirus pneumonia be transferred to Jinyintan Hospital. The other person said on the phone that the coronavirus gene sequence had been detected in the case samples. With the sensitivity as a doctor, Huang Chaolin and Zhang Dingyu immediately called the experts of Beijing Ditan Hospital, and they were advised to receive patients for investigation and research. Later, because the patient's family members did not agree, they were unable to transfer to Jinyintan. December 29, 2019 is a special day for Huang Chaolin. This day is also the first day of Huang Chaolin's personal battle against the epidemic.

====疏珊 Shu Shan====

黄朝林得到通知，让他到湖北省中西医结合医院，对不明原因的肺炎患者进行会诊。一一看完患者后，黄朝林说，这些患者可能有传染性，收治在综合医院存在安全隐患。
黄朝林回忆，当天接到通知后，他和另外一名医院同事戴 ±N95 口罩，穿了件普通工作服，迅速赶往湖北省中西医结合医院，发现这些患者已被安排在呼吸科相对独立的区域进行了隔离。
到医院后，呼吸内科主任张继先向他们介绍了这些患者的收治情况、可疑状况等，并和他们一一查看患者。坐下来充分讨论后，专家们决定，把患者转去金银潭。随后，黄朝林通过电话向张定宇和武汉市卫生健康委做了汇报，调来了负压救护车。
一次传染病患者的转运，对一家传染病医院来说习以为常。始料不及的是，随后的这场战“疫”，却前所未有地艰难。
安排好转运的事，黄朝林和同事又赶紧赶回自己的医院。

Huang Chaolin was informed that he had been sent to the Hubei Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine to consult with patients with unexplained pneumonia. After seeing the patients one by one, Huang said that these patients might be infectious and that there was a safety risk if they were admitted to a general hospital.
He and another hospital colleague, wearing a ±N95 mask and ordinary work clothes, quickly rushed to the Hospital, where the patients had been isolated in a relatively separate area of the respiratory department.
On arrival at the hospital, Zhang Jixian, Director of the Respiratory Medicine Department, briefed them on the admissions and suspicious conditions of the patients, and examined them one by one. After a thorough discussion, the experts decided to transfer the patients to Jinyintan. Huang Zhaolin then reported to Zhang Dingyu and the Wuhan Health and Wellness Commission by telephone, and a negative pressure ambulance was brought in.
A transfer of a patient with an infectious disease is not unusual for a hospital. What was unexpected was that the subsequent battle against the "epidemic" was more difficult than ever.
After arranging the transfer, Huang Chaolin and his colleagues rushed back to their hospital.

====王芳玲 Wang Fangling====

为防止传染，他们要用最快的速度，把南七楼的患者转移，腾出病房。
因为南七楼是金银潭医院的重症病区，从外院转来的疑难传染患者，会先安排到这里。
医院给参加转运的医护人员全部上了三级防护，每转一个患者，救护车就要彻底消毒一次，再接下一个患者。
患者全部转入后，金银潭医院的专家立刻开始会诊。您住哪里？在哪里上班？最近接触过什么人？接触过什么动物？……他们一边会诊，一边对患者展开了流行病学调查，直到凌晨三四点……
这次转运从傍晚一直持续到深夜。

To prevent infection, they had to move the patients on the south seventh floor and vacate the wards as quickly as possible. The south seventh floor as the intensive care ward of Jinyintan Hospital, patients who are transferred from other hospitals with difficult infections will be arranged here first. All the medical and nursing staffs who participated in the transfer were put on protection suits, masks at highest-level, and every time a patient was transferred, the ambulance had to be thoroughly disinfected before receiving the next patient. After all the patients transferred, specialists from Jinyintan Hospital immediately started the consultation. Where do you live? Where do you work? Who have you been in contact with recently? What animals have you been in contact with? ...... They started an epidemiological investigation of the patients while consulting them until three or four in the morning. ...... The transfer lasted from late afternoon until late at night.

To prevent infection, the patients on the south seventh floor had to be transferred to other facilities as quickly as possible to vacate the wards because the south seventh floor is the intensive care ward of Jinyintan Hospital and patients who are transferred from other hospitals with difficult infections will be arranged here first. All the medical and nursing staffs who participated in the transfer were put on protection suits, masks at highest-level, and every time a patient was transferred, the ambulance had to be thoroughly disinfected before receiving the next patient. After all the patients transferred, specialists from Jinyintan Hospital immediately started the consultation. Where do you live? Where do you work? Who have you been in contact with recently? What animals have you been in contact with? ...... They started an epidemiological investigation of the patients while consulting them until three or four in the morning. ...... The transfer lasted from early evening until late at night.

====王纪龙 Wang Jilong====

此后，黄朝林几乎没有休息，没有外出，没有回过家，几乎夜以继日地奋战在抗疫火力最猛的第一线。
随着时间的推移，这类感染者日益增加，金银潭医院开始人满为患。后来，湖北省卫健委从武汉地区抽调了医护人员支援金银潭医院。
清腾病房、添置各种必须的仪器、安置患者、安排前来支援的外院医护人员……医疗上的事，在他的职责范围，他得管；作为专家，本院外院的会诊他要参加，他还以专家的身份出席了两场疫情发布会。对他来说，每天能睡上4个小时就算是很奢侈了……
进展快，是新冠肺炎的一个特点。作为医生，黄朝林参加了一些危重患者的抢救和病例讨论。当时对这个疾病真的是一无所知，病原不知道，感染途径不知道，患者的病情都比较重。直到几天后，才陆续发现有些轻症患者。

Since then, Huang Chaolin has hardly rested, gone out, or returned home. He has been working on the frontline of fighting the epidemic almost day and night. Over time, the number of such infections has progressively increased, and Jinyintan Hospital has become overcrowded. Later, under the Hubei Provincial Health Commission’s command, health workers were drafted from Wuhan to staff Jinyintan Hospital. Cleaning wards, adding various necessary instruments, hospitalizing patients, and arranging health workers coming from other hospitals for support... As a doctor, he had to take charge of medical matters; As an expert, he had to participate in the internal and external consultations. What’s more, he also attended two COVID-19 briefings as a specialist. For him, it is a luxury to sleep for 4 hours every day... Rapid progress is a feature of COVID-19. As a doctor, Huang Chaolin participated in the rescue and case discussion of some patients who were in dire straits. At that time, there were a lot of unanswered questions about the disease such as the pathogen and the route of infection, and the patients' conditions were relatively serious. It was not until a few days later that some mild patients were found.

Since then, Huang Chaolin had hardly rested, gone out, or returned home. He had been working on the frontline of fighting the epidemic almost day and night. Over time, the number of such infections had progressively increased, and Jinyintan Hospital had become overcrowded. Later, under the Hubei Provincial Health Commission’s command, health workers were drafted from Wuhan to staff Jinyintan Hospital. Cleaning wards, adding various necessary instruments, hospitalizing patients, and arranging health workers coming from other hospitals for support... As a doctor, he had to take charge of medical matters; As an expert, he had to participate in the internal and external consultations. What’s more, he also attended two COVID-19 briefings as a specialist. For him, it was a luxury to sleep for 4 hours every day... One of the hallmarks of Covid-19 is its rapid growth. As a doctor, Huang Chaolin participated in the rescue and case discussion of some patients who were in dire straits. At that time, there were a lot of unanswered questions about the disease such as the pathogen and the route of infection, and the patients' conditions were relatively serious. It was not until a few days later that some mild patients were found.

====王露 Wang Lu====

连续超负荷工作带来的疲劳和压力让黄朝林的免疫力下降, 每天与之塵战的病毒已不知不觉潜入他的体内，正在等待发作的时机。从1月17日开始，他感到人很不舒服。22日那天，他的核酸检测结果出来，是阳性，他感染了。晚上，他抽空去拍了 CT,双肺已有毛玻璃样病灶。
那天之后，黄朝林再次走进病房时，他的身份已经变成患者, 血氧饱和度不到93%,属于重症。也是同一天，他在参加克力芝试药的临床观察知情同意书上签下自己的名字，以身试药，成为了 “试药人”中的一员，他想要通过自己的治疗，来验证克力芝治疗新冠肺炎的临床疗效和安全性。
服药后，腹泻、呕吐等严重不良反应接踵而来。

Huang Chaolin’s continuous overwork made him exhausted and stressed out, leading to decreased immunity. The coronavirus he fought against every day had crept into his body and was waiting for the right moment to attack. On January 17th, he began to feel unwell. And 5 days later, the result of his Covid test came out. It’s positive which meant he was infected. In the evening, he got a chance to have a CT scan, and it showed that there was ground-glass opacity in his lungs. After that, stepping into the ward, he became the patient in severe condition because his blood oxygen saturation level is less than 93%. At the same day, he signed the informed consent for clinical observation of Corizol test. From then on, he became one of the testers. He wanted to verify the effect and security of Corizol against Covid-19. However, the severe adverse reaction such as diarrhea and emesis kept coming.

Continuous overwork made Huang Chaolin exhausted and stressed out, leading to his decreased immunity. The coronavirus he fought against every day had crept into his body and was waiting for the right moment to attack him. On January 17th, he began to feel ill. And 5 days later, his Covid test showed positive, which meant he was infected. In the evening, he got a chance to have a CT scan, and it showed that there was ground-glass opacity in his lungs. After that, stepping into the ward, he became the patient in severe condition because his blood oxygen saturation level is less than 93%. At the same day, he signed the informed consent for clinical observation of Corizol test and became one of the testers. He wanted to verify the effect and security of Corizol against Covid-19 by his own experience. However, the severe adverse reaction such as diarrhea and emesis kept coming.

====王琪 Wang Qi====

在病房里，黄朝林听其他医生说，此前 ECMO救治的那名患者在坚持了近20天后还是去世了。作为专家，他很清楚，自己的病情可能也会一步步滑向危重，他也担心自己的病情发展到上呼吸机、上 ECM。那一步。病情反复的过程持续了十多天, 2月4日以后病情才出现拐点，肺部影像学逐渐好转，两次核酸检测呈阴性，符合出院标准。
3月2日，黄朝林历经40天的隔离治疗和康复，再回战“疫” 一线上班，再战新冠肺炎疫情。返岗第一天，黄朝林把自己的工作日程安排得满满的，去了很多病区了解情况，参加了一些医疗队交流会。在有的病区，他一边询问入院患者特点、治疗手段、出院情况，一边记录下需要解决的问题。
当前，战“疫”还在持续，黄朝林表示，他会更加小心，做好防护，不到全胜不松懈。

In the ward, Huang Chaolin heard from other doctors that the patient who had been treated in ECMO had died after nearly 20 days. As a specialist, he knew that his own condition might worsen into critical condition, and he also worried that oneday he should put on a ventilator or ECMO. The relapse of illness lasted for more than 10 days, and it was February 4 that his condition showed a turning, with lung imaging eventually improving and nucleic acid tested negative for twice, which meant he may be discharged.
On March 2, after 40 days of quarantine, treatment and recovery, Huang returned to work on the front lines of the "epidemic" and fought theCOVID-19 pandemic again. On his first day back at work, Huang arranged his work schedule to the fullest, visiting many wards to get the situation and attending some medical team exchange meetings. In some wards, he asked about the characteristics of patients admitted to the hospital, their treatment methods and discharge conditions, while taking notes on the problems to be solved.
As the war against the epidemic continues, Huang said he will be more careful, take good precautions, and not let up until the batlle has won.

==Part 7==

====汪世博 Wang Shibo====

为省10分钟，夫妻俩“以车为家”
2月22日晚9时许，不远处“武汉市金银潭医院”的霓虹灯光，揉进车内昏暗的光束里，映在涂盛锦和曹珊脸上，让这个夜晚显得不是那么冷。
这是这对医护夫妻将要在车上度过的第29个晚上。
和往常一样，涂盛锦在前排副驾斜躺着，翻着书，曹珊在后排半卧着，盯着手机，时不时两人就把头凑一块聊上几句。
今年44岁的涂盛锦是武汉市金银潭医院南六楼重症隔离病区副主任医师，40岁的曹珊是南二楼病区护士。
首批9名“不明肺炎患者”转入金银潭医院后的第二天，涂盛锦就参与到了救治工作中。后来，病区越开越多，曹珊从 1月7日也投入到了这场战“疫”。

To save time, the couple chose to live in a car
At 9:00 p.m. on February 22, the lights of the neon sign reading "Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital" not far away mixed with the dim light in the car and reflected on the faces of Tu Shengjin and Cao Shan, making the night not so cold. This is the 29th night the healthcare couple will spend in the car. As usual, Tu Shengjin was lying reclined in the front passenger seat, flipping through a book, while Cao Shan was half reclining in the back row, staring at the mobile phone, and from time to time the two of them put their heads together to chat. 44-year-old Tu Shengjin is the deputy chief physician of the intensive isolation ward on the sixth floor of South Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan City, and Cao Shan, 40, is a nurse in the ward of the second floor of the south. The day after the first batch of 9 patients with "unknown pneumonia" were transferred to Jinyintan Hospital, Tu Shengjin participated in the treatment work. Later, more and more wards were opened, and Cao Shan also participated in this "epidemic" battle from January 7.(Wang Yashu)

====王雅姝 Wang Yashu ====

同一栋楼，但两人白天各自忙各自，没时间见面，11岁的儿子完全交给了家中的老人。
“家在武汉南湖边，隔着长江，开车要40分钟。”曹珊说，平时都是涂盛锦开车，一起上下班。
疫情暴发后，医院成为抗疫前线，涂盛锦所在的重症病区上下班没准点。曹珊说，有次两人下班匆匆忙忙回到家，丈夫车都没下，又要赶回医院继续上班，“第二天一早又来家里接我上班，那样他太辛苦。“
1月23日，武汉关闭出城交通，不久市内公共交通停运，全院医护和工作人员不能回家的太多，加上前来支援的医疗队，单位宿舍爆满，酒店房间也吃紧。夫妻俩决定把机会让给其他同事，“在车上睡几次也习惯了”。
正月初一那天开始，这辆陪伴8年的爱车成了他们的第二个家。

Though working in the same building, both the husband and the wife were busy with their own jobs during the day and had no time to see each other. Their 11-year-old son was taken care of by his grandparents at home.
"Our house is located at the South Lake in Wuhan, separated from the hospital by the Yangtze River. It takes 40 minutes to drive," said Cao Shan. The couple usually commutes together with Tu Shengjin driving the car. After the outbreak of the epidemic, the hospital became the front line of the fight against the epidemic, and the intensive care area where Tu worked had no fixed time for work and rest. According to Cao Shan, once when they hurried back home, her husband even didn't get out of the car and immediately drove back to the hospital to continue working.
"The next morning, he came back home to pick me up for work. It was too exhausting for him." On January 23, Wuhan imposed a traffic lockdown and soon public transportation was suspended. Too many doctors, nurses, and staff in the hospital could not go home. And with the medical teams who came to support, the hospital's dormitory could not accommodate more people, and the hotel rooms were also under strain. Therefore, the couple decided to give up the opportunity to other colleagues, "I have got used to sleeping in the car after a few times." From the first day of the first lunar month, this beloved car that has been with them for 8 years has become their second home.

====王植碧 Wang Zhibi====

2020年2月22日晩，在武汉市金银潭医院内，涂盛锦（左）和曹珊在车内休息（新华社记者熊琦摄）
“买车时特意挑了一款后备厢大的，想着以后有机会自驾露营。”曹珊笑了起来。
“我个儿不高，前座也还塞得下。她睡后排，为了方便她伸开腿脚，塞了纸箱把后排空隙填起来，还有爱心人士捐的暖宝宝。”涂盛锦对眼前的“居住环境”还蛮知足。
这些天，医院又协调出一些附近的酒店房间，可两人反而有点舍不得这个“小家”。
“房间是有，但酒店到医院开车都得10多分钟。遇到抢救的，那是按秒算，有这时间就可能把患者从死亡线上拉回来！”涂盛锦还是决定在车上过夜，而且基本不脱外套，就盖个被子，“现在是吃饭、睡觉都要抓紧时间的时候，能省多少时间是多少。”
On the evening of February 22, 2020, in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tu Shengjin (left) and Cao Shan were taking a rest in the car (photographed by Xiong Qi, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency). "When buying a car, we chose a large trunk, thinking that we would have a chance to camp by ourselves in the future." Cao Shan laughed. "I'm not tall, and the front seat can still be stuffed. She sleeps in the back row. In order to make it easier for her to stretch her legs, she fills the space in the back row with cardboard boxes. There are also warm babies(heat patch) donated by good-hearted people." Tu Shengjin is quite satisfied with the "living environment" in front of her. These days, the hospital has coordinated some nearby hotel rooms, but they two are a little reluctant to part with this "small home". "There are rooms, but it takes more than 10 minutes to drive from the hotel to the hospital. In case of rescue, it is calculated by the second, and the patient may be pulled back from the death line at this time!" Tu Shengjin still decided to stay in the car overnight, and did not take off his coat, so he just put on a quilt. "Now it is time to hurry up when eating and sleeping,we need to try our best to save time"

On the evening of February 22, 2020, in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tu Shengjin (left) and Cao Shan were taking a rest in the car (photographed by Xiong Qi, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency). "When buying a car, we intentionally chose a large trunk, thinking that we would have a chance to camp by ourselves in the future." Cao Shan laughed. "I'm not tall, and the front seat can still be stuffed. She sleeps in the back seat. In order to make it easy for her to stretch her legs, she fills the space in the back row with cardboard boxes. There are also warm babies(heat patches) donated by good-hearted people." Tu Shengjin is quite satisfied with the "living environment" in front of him. These days, the hospital has coordinated some nearby hotel rooms, but they two are a little reluctant to part with this "small home". "There are rooms, but it takes more than 10 minutes to drive from the hotel to the hospital. In case of rescues, time is calculated by the second, and the patient may be pulled back from the death line at this time!" Tu Shengjin still decided to stay in the car overnight and usually did not take off his coat, so he just put on a quilt. "Now it is time to hurry up even when eating and sleeping, we need to try our best to save time."(Wang Zhiling)

====王智灵 Wang Zhiling====

“病房里一个电话，他比谁都跑得快。”曹珊说，知道涂盛锦放心不下患者，她也留下来陪丈夫，“我一个人睡不着，我不在旁边，他也睡不安稳。”
白天4层楼的距离，对涂盛锦和曹珊来说可望而不可即。每天车上说说话，两人已经很满足。
平日里，涂盛锦不怎么爱说话，但在车上这会儿，总喜欢凑着曹珊聊天。
曹珊说，没了生活上的琐事，就聊聊科室里的工作，说着说着就睡着了。
涂盛锦偷偷告诉记者，曹珊一晚上大概要翻身10次左右， “我都数着呢。她一有动静，我都能感觉到，动一下就回头看她一眼，被子有没有掉了，腿有没有放好。”
深夜，武汉的风依旧凛冽。

"As long as a phone call rings in the ward, he runs faster than anyone else." Cao Shan said, Knowing that Tu Shengjin worried about patients, she also stayed with her husband, "I can't sleep alone, he can't sleep well either when I’m not beside him." During the day, Tu Shengjin and Cao shan were separated by the distance of four floors, which is beyond reach for them. They have been very satisfied with talking to each other in the car every day. On ordinary days, Tu Shengjin doesn't like to talk, but he always like to chat with Cao Shan while in the car. Cao shan said, they talk about the work in the department without the trivia of life, and gradually fall asleep while talking. Tu Shengjin secretly told the reporter that Cao Shan would turn over about 10 times a night, "I've counted it. Whenever she moves, I can feel it. If she moves, I will look back at her to see if the quilt has fallen off or if her legs have been put away." Late at night, the wind in Wuhan is still chilly.

“With a call from the hospital ward, he would run faster than anyone.” Cao Shan said that knowing that Tu Shengjin was always worried about the patient, she also stayed with her husband, “I can't sleep on my own, he couldn't sleep well without me around.” During the day, the distance of four stories was out of reach for Tu Shengjin and Cao Shan. The couple was highly satisfied just with the little talks in the car. Usually, Tu Shengjin does not like to talk, but now in the car, he is so fond of chatting with Cao Shan. Cao Shan said, without the trifles in life, they just talk about the work in the department, and they would fall asleep as they were talking. Tu Shengjin secretly told the reporter that Cao Shan would turn over about 10 times a night, “I actually count. Every time she moves, I can feel it and I will look back at her to see if the quilt is off and if her legs are in place.” Late at night, the wind in Wuhan was still brisk.

====吴博涵 Wu Bohan====

“以后回想起来，应该是挺浪漫的一件事吧。”涂盛锦放下手里的书，扭头盯着已相识近20年的曹珊说道。
小车里，有点挤，有点呼噜声，余下的，是关于“疫”时的别样陪伴。
早晨6点半，是夫妻俩下车的时间，他们又将开始新一天的战“疫”
（新华社武汉2020年2月23日电记者侯文坤）

“Looking back on it, it must have been romantic.” Tu Shengjin put down his book and stared at Cao Shan, whom he has met for nearly 20 years. It was a little crowded in the car, some are little snoring noises, and the rest is about a special kind of company at the time of “pandemic”. It was 6:30 a.m. and the time for the couple to get off the car and start another day of fighting the “pandemic”. [Wuhan, February 23rd, 2020 (Xinhua News Agency, Reporter Hou Wenkun)]

“At some point, we’ll look back and this is going to be a romantic story.” Tu Shengjin put down his book and turned to look at Cao Shan, whom he had met for nearly 20 years. It was a little crowded in the car, some were little snoring noises, and the rest was about a special kind of company during pandemic. It was 6:30 a.m. and the time for the couple to get off the car and start another day of fighting the pandemic. [Wuhan, February 23rd, 2020 (Xinhua News Agency, Reporter Hou Wenkun)]

风暴中心的药师们

The pharmacists in the storm center

The pharmacists in the eye of the storm

武汉市金银潭医院内有一支负责为前线输送“弹药”的保障部队——药师们。
为了不能让战士空手与病毒肉搏，药师们放弃所有休假，举全科之力，积极投身到战场中去。

Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan has a support unit responsible for delivering "ammunition" to the front line -- pharmacists. In order not to leave the soldiers empty-handed while hand-to-hand combating with the virus, the pharmacists gave up all the leave and actively dived into the battlefield with all the strength of the whole department.

Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan has a support unit responsible for delivering "ammunition" to the front line -- pharmacists. In order not to leave the soldiers empty-handed in the hand-to-hand fight with the virus, the pharmacists gave up all their leave and rallied the whole department to actively dive into the battlefield.

====伍超穎 Wu Chaoying====

疫情就是命令！

Go where there is epidemic, fight it till it perishes.

The epidemic brings an order!

战“疫”刚刚打响，医院药剂科党支部书记郭晓红就立即召开了支部党员大会，宣布进入战时状态。门诊药房冯金海，中药房韩龙蜂，住院药房闫勇、涂莉、祁玮，药办张志右、章文、段洪，纷纷表态服从科室安排，随时支援工作量大的部门。

As soon as the fight against COVID-19 started, Guo Xiaohong, secretary of the Party branch of the Pharmacy Department of the hospital, immediately held a Party member meeting of the Party branch and announced that it had entered into a “wartime” state. Feng Jinhai of Outpatient Pharmacy, Han Longfeng of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, Yan Yong, Tu Li, Qi Wei of Inpatient Pharmacy, and Zhang Zhiyou, Zhang Wen, and Duan Hong of the Office of Pharmaceutical Science, all said that they would be subject to the arrangement of the department and support sections with heavy workloads at any time.

As soon as the fight against COVID-19 started, Guo Xiaohong, secretary of the Party branch of the Pharmacy Department of the hospital, immediately held a Party member meeting of the Party branch and announced that it had entered into a state of wartime. Feng Jinhai of Outpatient Pharmacy, Han Longfeng of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, Yan Yong, Tu Li, Qi Wei of Inpatient Pharmacy, and Zhang Zhiyou, Zhang Wen, and Duan Hong of the Office of Pharmaceutical Science, all have expressed their obedience to the arrangement of the department and support departments with heavy workload at any time.

战斗一开始，药剂科就少了两名员工，紧接着又因病减员一人。关键时刻，药剂科党支部的党员们，主动申请加入到人员紧张的药库和住院药房，充分发挥党员先锋模范带头作用，奋战在药剂科最前线，保证了药剂科各项工作的顺利开展，给医护一线提供了强有力的药品保障。

At the beginning of the battle, the Pharmacy Department was two members short, and then one less person due to illness. At a critical moment, the Party members of the Party branch of the Pharmacy Department took the initiative to apply to join the understaffed drug storehouse and Inpatient Pharmacy and give full play to the exemplary vanguard role of Party members, fighting at the forefront of the Pharmacy Department to ensure a good start of various tasks in the Pharmacy Department and the full supply of medicines for frontline health workers.

At the beginning of the battle, the Pharmacy Department was two members short, and then one less person due to illness. At the critical moment, the Party members of the Party branch of the Pharmacy Department took the initiative to apply to join the understaffed drug storehouse and Inpatient Pharmacy and give full play to the exemplary vanguard role of Party members, fighting at the forefront of the Pharmacy Department to ensure the smooth development of various tasks in the Pharmacy Department and provide a full supply of drugs for the front line of medical workers.

党支部书记郭晓红、住院药房班组长闫勇、药剂科负责人陈靖瞰就是其中代表人物。

Guo Xiaohong, secretary of the Party branch, Yan Yong, team leader of the Inpatient Pharmacy, and Chen Jingkan, head of the Pharmacy Department, were among the representatives.

Guo Xiaohong, secretary of the Party branch, Yan Yong, team leader of the Inpatient Pharmacy, and Chen Jingkan, head of the Pharmacy Department, were among the representatives.

====吴敏 Wu Min====

郭晓红自战“疫”打响那一刻起，就放弃了所有的休息，即便自己身体不适，仍然一直坚守在药房一线。在这非常时期，她一方面积极协助药剂科各项工作，做好人员调配、药品消毒品领用与发放等工作，另一方面挤出时间安排支部党员的主题党日学习。她说，工作再忙也不能放弃学习，尤其要向身边先进典型学习，学习英雄人物张定宇院长“舍小家顾大家”的无私奉献精神，学习放射科樊艳青主任爱岗敬业、精益求精的专业精神。
同时她又是科室职工的贴心人，工作之余，经常关心职工，嘘寒问暖，每天反复多次叮嘱大家一定要做好个人防护，确保零感染。她常说：“做好个人防护，既是保护自己，也是保护家人！”
1月2 8日，早上7时30分许，郭晓红突然接到电话，马上有一批援助药品到医院，需要接收。她放下电话，立即推上推车赶往医院门诊大楼。一辆堆满了足足有数百件药品的超长大卡车停在门诊大楼前。
Guo Xiaohong gave up all her rest from the moment the "epidemic" began. Even if she was not feeling well, she still stayed on the front line of the pharmacy. During this extraordinary period, on the one hand, she actively assisted the pharmacy department in various work, doing a good job in personnel deployment, drug disinfection collection and distribution, etc. On the other hand, she squeezed out time to arrange the theme of party members of the branch on Party Day study. She said that no matter how busy you are at work, you can't give up your study. In particular, you should learn from the selfless dedication of the hero Dean Zhang Dingyu, who "giving up his family and taking care of everyone", and learn the professionalism of Director Fan Yanqing of the Department of Radiology。At the same time, she is also a caring person for the staff in the department. After work, she often cares about the staff, asks for their warmth, and repeatedly urges them to do a good job of personal protection several times a day to ensure zero infection. She often said, "To do a good job of personal protection is not only to protect yourself, but also to protect your family! On January 28, at 7:30 a.m., Guo Xiaohong suddenly received a call that there was a batch of aid drugs coming to the hospital and needed to be received. She put down the phone and immediately pushed on the trolley to the hospital outpatient building. An extra-long truck filled with hundreds of pieces of medicine was parked in front of the clinic building.

Since the outbreak of the epidemic, Guo Xiaohong has given up all rest. Even if she was not feeling well, she still stayed on the front line of the pharmacy. During this extraordinary period, on the one hand, she actively assisted the pharmacy department in various work, doing a good job in personnel deployment, drug disinfection collection and distribution, etc. On the other hand, she squeezed out time to arrange the theme of party members of the branch on Party Day study. She said that no matter how busy you are at work, you can't give up your study. In particular, you should learn from the selfless dedication of the hero Dean Zhang Dingyu, who "giving up his family and taking care of everyone", and learn the professionalism of Director Fan Yanqing of the Department of Radiology。At the same time, she is also a caring person for the staff in the department. After work, she often cares about the staff, asks for their warmth, and repeatedly urges them to do a good job of personal protection several times a day to ensure zero infection. She often said, "To do a good job of personal protection is not only to protect yourself, but also to protect your family! On January 28, at 7:30 a.m.,Guo Xiaohong suddenly received a phone call, telling her that a batch of aid medicine had arrived at the hospital and needed to be received. She put down the phone and rushed to the hospital outpatient building in a cart. A huge truck filled with hundreds of medicines was parked in front of the clinic building.

====伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli====

“大家都在各自岗位坚守，没有搬运工人，只能靠我们药师自己上啦！ ”她招呼大家行动起来，用小推车一车接着一车，把所有药品一箱箱运到了药库。
正如她所说，战“疫”非常时期，科室职工都在超负荷工作, 药工人数严重不足，再苦再累的活儿药师都得顶上！ “我身为共产党员，更应该站在前头！”
2月9日凌晨，郭晓红手机再次响起，“嫂子嫂子，父亲走了，怎么办啊！”
远在家乡的小叔子在电话里伤心地哭着说，原来郭晓红的公公于2019年12月底确诊为心梗合并脑梗，一个多月来一直在当地医院住院治疗，但由于武汉疫情严峻，抗疫工作需要，郭晓红没休息过一天，根本无暇回去看望老人，“直到他老人家临走前那一刻，我都不能送他一程，我这当晚辈的真是万分的悲痛和惭愧啊！”郭晓红边说边哽咽着。

"Everyone is sticking to their posts. There are no porters. We have to rely on the medicine man himself!" She called them into action and carried all the medicines to the drugstore by cart after cart. As she said, in the emergency period of the war against the epidemic, the department staff were overloaded with work, and the number of pharmaceutical workers was seriously insufficient. No matter how hard and tiring the work, pharmacists had to take over! "As a Communist, I should stand in the front!" In the early morning of February 9, Guo Xiaohong's mobile phone rang again, "sister-in-law sister-in-law, father left, how to do ah!" Guo Xiaohong's father-in-law was diagnosed with myocardial infarction combined with cerebral infarction at the end of December 2019, and has been hospitalized in the local hospital for more than a month. However, due to the severe epidemic situation in Wuhan and the need of the anti-epidemic work, Guo Xiaohong didn't take a day off and had no time to go back to visit the old man. "Until the moment before he left, I can not even see him off, I am a junior, how sad and ashamed!" Guo Xiaohong choked up as she spoke.

“Everyone holds fast to their position. Since there are no porters, now our pharmacists can only rely on ourselves!” She called on everyone to take actions and carry all the medicines to the drugstore cart by cart. As she said, at the crucial stage against the epidemic, staff in all department were overloaded with work. As the pharmaceutical workers were in shortage, our pharmacists have to take over the work, no matter how hard it is. As a Communist, I should stand at the front!" In the early morning of February 9, Guo Xiaohong's mobile phone rang again, "sister-in-law! sister-in-law! father passed away, what shall we do!”, her brother-in-law wined heartrendingly on the other side of the phone. Guo Xiaohong's father-in-law was diagnosed with myocardial infarction combined with cerebral infarction at the end of December 2019, and has been hospitalized in the local hospital for more than a month. However, due to the severe epidemic situation in Wuhan and the need of the anti-epidemic work, Guo Xiaohong didn't take a day off and also had no time to go back to visit the old man. "Even by the moment he left, I cannot see him off. How sad and ashamed I am to be his junior!" Guo Xiaohong spoke in a choked voice.

====席书涵 Xi Shuhan ====

住院药房是药剂科工作量最大的部门，不仅为全院21个病区调剂药品，还要直接送药品到病区。团队共11人，最年轻的药师杨文也有40岁了，都是上有老下有小的年纪。
进入2020年，医院通知取消假日休息，住院药房工作量猛然增加，作为班组长的闫勇，感觉到了用药和班务人员的紧张。临床使用药品品种的增多，必将增加调剂差错风险。他一边关注每天药品的消耗情况，一边调增上班人数。
闫勇幵始每天在工作群发布消息，大家称为闫式“碎碎念”，

金银潭医院药邠坚守在药房

The inpatient pharmacy was the department with the most workload since it not only needed to dispense medicines for totally 21 inpatient areas but had to send them directly there. Totally there are 11 people in the team. The youngest pharmacist Li Wen was already 40 years old, an age that one has both his parents and children to take care of. Entering 2020, the hospital cancelled all the vacations and the workload of the inpatient pharmacy surged. Yan Yong who was the head of the department noticed they were badly in need of medicines and medical workers. With larger varieties of medicines put in use in clinical practice, the risk of wrongly dispensing medicine would also increase. In this case, every day, he, on the one hand, needed to overlook the consumption of the medicines and on the other hand, had to deploy more medical workers to share their workload. Yan Yong started to send messages in the working group every day and his colleagues called it jokingly as “Yan style nagging”.

The inpatient pharmacy was the department with the most workload since it not only needed to dispense medicines for totally 21 inpatient areas but had to send them directly there. Totally there are 11 people in the team. The youngest pharmacist Li Wen was already 40 years old, an age that one has both his parents and children to care. Entering 2020, the hospital cancelled all the vacations and the workload of the inpatient pharmacy surged. Yan Yong who was the head of the department noticed they were urgently in need of medicines and medical workers. With larger varieties of medicines put in use in clinical practice, the risk of wrongly dispensing medicine would also increase. In this case, every day, he, on the one hand, needed to overlook the consumption of the medicines and on the other hand, had to deploy more medical workers to share their workload. Yan Yong started to send messages in the working group every day and his colleagues called it jokingly as “Yan style nagging”

====夏盼 Xia Pan====

或是给大家鼓劲，或是提醒大家药品规格、剂型的变动，减少调剂差错。“碎碎念”满怀着对工作人员的关爱，更寄托着一份药剂人员的工作责任。
随着战“疫”形势的日益严峻，各个医疗队的进驻，新开病区的增多，支援的医生、护士纷纷加入临床一线，但是医院药学人员并没有增加，住院药房压力骤增。
连日奋战没有休息的药师们已经很辛苦了，雪上加霜的是1月23日开始武汉市公共交通停运，住在光谷的同事措手不及，面临上下班问题。关键时候，作为共产党员的闫勇顶了上去, 有同事身体不舒服，闫勇帮他上夜班；住在光谷的同事上班遇到困难，闫勇开着私家车起个大早去接。

Yaobin of Jinyintan Hospital sticks to the pharmacy, either to encourage everyone, or to remind everyone of changes in drug specifications and dosage forms, so as to reduce dispensing errors. " Yan style nagging " is full of care for the staff, and entrusts the responsibility of a pharmacy staff. With the increasingly severe situation of the war against the "epidemic", various medical teams stationed in, the number of newly opened wards increased, and supporting doctors and nurses joined the clinical front line one after another. However, the number of hospital pharmacy personnel did not increase, and the pressure on inpatient pharmacies increased sharply. The pharmacists who have been fighting for days without a break have already worked very hard. To make matters worse, public transportation in Wuhan was shut down on January 23. Colleagues living in Guanggu region were caught off guard and faced with commuting problems. At the critical moment, Yan Yong, a member of the Communist Party, stepped forward. Some colleagues were not feeling well, so Yan Yong helped him with the night shift; when a colleague living in Guanggu regioon encountered difficulties at work, Yan Yong drove his private car early to pick him up.

Yaobin of Jinyintan Hospital sticks to the pharmacy to encourage everyone or remind everyone of changes in drug specifications and dosage forms to reduce dispensing errors. " Yan style nagging " is full of care for the staff, and entrusts the responsibility of the pharmacy staff. With the increasingly severe situation of the war against the "epidemic", various medical teams were stationed, the number of newly opened wards increased, and supporting doctors and nurses joined the clinical front line one after another. However, the number of hospital pharmacy personnel did not increase, and the pressure on inpatient pharmacies increased sharply. The pharmacists who have been fighting for days without a break have already worked very hard. To make matters worse, public transportation in Wuhan was shut down on January 23. Colleagues living in Guanggu region were caught off guard and faced with commuting problems. At this critical moment, Yan Yong, a member of the Communist Party, stepped forward. Some colleagues were not feeling well, so Yan helped them with the night shift; when a colleague living in Guanggu region encountered difficulties at work, Yan drove his private car early to pick him up.

====夏依颐 Xia Yiyi====

陈靖圖是药剂科党支部宣传委员，药剂科科室负责人，多重身份和角色决定了他丝毫不敢马虎。自疫情发生以来，他已经三十多天没回过家。
既要协调全院的药品、消毒品采购供应，又要统筹安排科室管理。尽管身体不适，但是他依然坚守岗位，经常加班到深夜, 被大家称为“奔波中的忙人”。
1月13日晚8点多，ICU患者急需尼卡地平针，当晚就要使用，这个时间找医药公司送货完全不可能，陈靖岐紧急联系各大医院，最终跑了两家医院的夜间药房才借来30支，并连夜赶回医院送到ICU。
后来医院又新增了 4个ICU,全国各地医疗队也进驻医院。陈靖蹟更忙了，他白天监控全院用药数据、调整库存，晚上联系第二天到货药品，保证紧俏药品如丙球、阿比多尔、连花清瘟等不断货。
春节期间医药公司运力不足，经常会晚上送货过来，于是，为了更迅速地调配和接收药品物资，陈靖岐索性不回家了。他说, 跟临床一线比起来，这点苦不算什么，只要不断货，不影响患者治疗，一切都是值得的。
Chen Jingtu is a propaganda member of the Party Branch of the Pharmacy Department and the head of the Pharmacy Department. His multiple identities and roles dictate that he does not dare to be sloppy in any way. He has not returned home for more than 30 days since the outbreak. He has to coordinate the procurement and supply of drugs and disinfection products for the whole hospital, as well as to coordinate the management of the department. Despite his ill health, he remained at his post and often worked late into the night, and was known as the "busy man on the run". On January 13 at 8:00 p.m., ICU patients urgently needed nicardipine injections, which were to be used that night, and it was impossible to find a pharmaceutical company to deliver them at this time. Chen Jingmu was even busier, monitoring the hospital's medication data and adjusting the inventory during the day, and contacting the next day's arrival at night to ensure that drugs in short supply, such as Propecia, Abidor, and Lianhua, were kept in stock. During the Chinese New Year, the pharmaceutical company's capacity is insufficient, so they often deliver at night, so in order to allocate and receive drugs and supplies more quickly, Chen Jingqi simply does not go home. He said, "Compared to the clinical frontline, this is nothing, as long as we don't keep the goods and don't affect the patients' treatment, everything is worth it.

Chen Jingtu is the propaganda committee member of the Party branch of the pharmacy department and the head of the pharmacy department. His multiple identities and roles determine that he cannot be careless at all. He hasn't been home for more than 30 days since the outbreak. He should not only coordinate the procurement and supply of drugs and disinfectants in the whole hospital, but also make overall arrangements for the management of departments and offices. Despite his physical discomfort, he still sticks to his post, often working late into the night, known as "busy man on the run." At 8 o 'clock in the evening of January 13, ICU patients urgently needed Nicadi needle. It is needed that night, but this time to find a pharmaceutical company delivery is completely impossible. Chen Jingqi made an urgent contact to major hospitals. He finally ran to the night pharmacy of two hospitals, borrowed 30, and rushed back to the hospital overnight to ICU. Later, four new ICUs were added to the hospital and medical teams from all over China were stationed in the hospital. During the day, he monitored the hospital's medication data and adjusted the inventory, and at night, he contacted the next day's arrival of drugs to ensure that drugs in short supply, such as Propecia, Abidor, and Lianhua, would not be stocked. During the Chinese New Year, the pharmaceutical company's capacity is insufficient, so they often deliver at night, so in order to allocate and receive drugs and supplies more quickly, Chen Jingqi simply does not go home. He said, "Compared with the front line of the clinic, this is nothing, as long as we do not keep the goods and do not affect the treatment of patients, everything is worth it.

====夏紫纯 Xia Zichun====

这场疫情恰逢年关，医院后勤物业人员紧缺，协助搬运输液送药的工人没有了。药剂科理解医院人员荒的困境，面对每周500件输液以及每天21个病区药品没人送到病房的严峻问题，药剂科紧急动员起来，药库、住院药房、门诊药房、小药房、临床药学所有部门人员紧急行动起来，在陈靖赜的带领下一箱箱装车，一车车拖到病区。
作为科室负责人，陈靖赜没有坐在办公室，而是有困难亲自带领队伍冲上去，体现了共产党员迎难而上的精神。
“张定宇院长说现在是战时状态，在这场艰苦的战’疫’中，药剂科团队没有一人当逃兵。”陈靖赜说。

庚子春疫情中的“120部队”

The epidemic coincided with the New Year's Eve, and the hospital's logistics and property staff were in short supply, so workers to assist in transporting fluids and delivering medications were not available. The pharmacy department understood the plight of the hospital's staff shortage. Faced with the serious problem of 500 infusions per week and no one to deliver medications to the wards in 21 wards every day, the pharmacy department mobilized urgently. The pharmacy, inpatient pharmacy, outpatient pharmacy, small pharmacy, and clinical pharmacy all acted with urgency, loading boxes of drugs onto trucks and hauling them to the wards under the leadership of Chen Jingtan.

The epidemic coincided with Spring Festival holidays so logistics and property staff were in short supply and workers transporting infusions and medications were not available. To alleviate the woe that 500 infusions per week and everyday medications for 21 wards had on one to deliver, each person in the pharmacy department act quickly, assisted by staff in the drugstore house, inpatient and outpatient dispensaries, small pharmacies and clinical pharmacy. They loaded boxes of drugs and hauled them to the wards under the leadership Chen Jingze.

As the head of the department, Chen Jingmu did not stay in the office, but led the team to rush up when there were difficulties, embodying the spirit of the Communist Party members to rise to the occasion.

As the head of the department, Chen Jingze did not stay in the office, but led the team to overcome those difficulties, embodying the unyielding spirit of a Communist.

"President Zhang Dingyu said it is now a wartime state, and in this tough 'epidemic', no one in the pharmacy team is a deserter." Chen Jingqi said.

“President Zhang Dingyu said we were in a tough war against this epidemic, no one in the pharmacy department was a deserter." said Chen Jingze.

The "120 Emergency Team" at the beginning of the epidemic in 2020 Spring.

The Emergency Team in the Outbreak During Spring of 2020

====向明慧 Xiang Minghui ====

2019年12月29日，金银潭医院门诊120接到指令，要求着三级防护从湖北省中西医结合医院转运一批不明原因肺炎患者至金银潭医院。从那天起，这支“120部队”就正式进入了抗击新冠肺炎的战役中。
突如其来的一场疫情，打乱了所有人的工作和生活。从慌忙应战到忙中有序，从担忧害怕到奋起战“疫”，从孤军作战到团结抗疫，个中滋味，五味杂陈。
疫情期间，医院“120部队”经历了很多很多，有感人的事迹，也有窝心的委屈，更有大是大非面前的坚定和勇敢！在这场没有硝烟的战争中，他们用实际行动证明了，这是一支讲原则、守纪律、能吃苦、能战斗的队伍！

On December 29,2019, the outpatient department of Jinyintan Hospital received instructions to transfer a group of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause from Hubei Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine to Jinyintan Hospital with level 3 (the highest level) protective devices. Sine then, they engaged in the battle against Covid-19.

The sudden outbreak disrupted their life. They managed to overcome obstacles and negative emotions to fight the virus methodically and courageously. Staff from different departments work together. Only those who experienced it knew the mixed feelings.

They went through lots of difficulties. Despite bitterness, they were still determined and brave, leaving touching stories. Over time, they proved with practical action that they are principled, disciplined, tenacious and resilient.

On December 29, 2019, the outpatient department of Jinyintan Hospital received instructions to transfer a group of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause from Hubei Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine to Jinyintan Hospital with level 3 (the highest level) protective devices. Since then, they have engaged in the battle against Covid-19.

The sudden outbreak disrupted people’s life. From panic to order, from fear to courage and from fighting alone to unity, staff from different departments work together. Only those who experienced it knew the mixed feelings.

They went through lots of difficulties. Despite bitterness, they were still determined and brave, leaving touching stories. Over time, they proved with practical action that they are principled, disciplined, tenacious and capable.

====肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu====

一个好的团队，需要一个好的领头羊，她就是金银潭医院急救站站长李晓松。提起她，包括网络站点的所有人都说她是一个“铁娘子”。
从疫情刚开始到现在，她一天都不休息，特别是在大型转运期间，几乎每天工作到凌晨，有时甚至到凌晨两三点。几乎所有参与转运的急救车辆都能看到她，站在刺骨的寒风中，拿
着对讲机和转诊名单，对接每一位转来的患者。

A good team needs a good leader. The good leader of Jinyintan Hospital is the first aid station master named Li Xiaosong. Everyone, including the people in the online site, called her the "Iron Lady". Since the beginning of the epidemic, she has not taken a day off. Especially during the large referral of patients, she worked almost daily until the early hours, sometimes until two or three o’clock in the morning. Almost all of the emergency vehicles involved in the referral had seen her standing in the biting cold, holding a walkie-talkie and a referral list and docking with each incoming patient.

A good team needs a good leader.Li Xiaosong, who is the first aid station master of Jinyintan Hosptital, could be called a good leader. Everyone, including the people in the online site, called her the "Iron Lady". Since the beginning of the epidemic, she had never had a rest, specially during the large referral of patients, she worked almost daily until the early hours, sometimes until two or three o’clock in the morning. Almost you could see her in all of the emergency vehicles involved in the referral and standing in the biting cold, holding a walkie-talkie and a referral list and docking with each incoming patient.

====肖娜 Xiao Na====

据不完全统计，经她对接的患者有388人次。从安排转运、核对名单、评估病情、患者交接到收治完成，整个过程，她都协调跟踪。
在大型转运时，可以看到这样的场景：120的急救车一路蓝光闪烁，急驰而来，在急诊通道排成一条长龙，等待对接。在交接的过程中，有时会碰到这样或那样的问题，有的车氧气不够了、有的患者需要轮椅、有的车辆需要消毒……碰到这些琐碎又急需解决的问题，120总部都会通知她来协调处理。连续一个多月，天天如此。看到她忙得像个陀螺，又没有外援，同事心疼地说：“你真是狠哪，所有120的转运任务结束了，你才能睡，要学会心疼自己，身体要紧，悠着点。”

According to incomplete statistics, there were 388 patients who had been docked by her. She coordinated the entire process, from arranging transfer, checking lists, assessing the condition, transferring the patients to the completion of admission. In large-scale transport, you could see the following scenario: The 120 ambulances flashed blue light all the way and came at a rapid pace, forming a long queue in the emergency passage, waiting for docking. In the process of handing over, sometimes we encountered problems of one kind or another. Some cars had insufficient oxygen, some patients needed wheelchairs, and some vehicles needed disinfection...When these trivial and urgent problems were met, 120 headquarters would inform her to handle. Every day for over a month. Seeing that she was busy like a top and had no outside help, her colleagues said distressedly: "You are really ruthless. It's not to sleep for you until all 120 transshipment task ended. You should learn how to love yourself and your health is more important."

According to incomplete statistics, there were 388 patients who had been docked by her. She coordinated the entire process, from arranging transfer, checking lists, assessing the condition, transferring the patients to the completion of admission. In large-scale transport, you could see the following scenario: The 120 ambulances flashed blue light all the way and came at a rapid pace, forming a long queue in the emergency passage, waiting for docking. In the process of handing over, sometimes we encountered problems of one kind or another. Some cars had insufficient oxygen, some patients needed wheelchairs, and some vehicles needed disinfection...When these trivial and urgent problems were met, 120 headquarters would inform her to handle. Every day for over a month. Seeing that she was busy like a top and had no outside help, her colleagues said distressedly: "You are really ruthless. It's not to sleep for you until all 120 transshipment task ended. You should learn how to love yourself and your health is more important."

====肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin====

李晓松笑着说：“没有办法，事情落到头上来，只能做好，毕竟，天下急救一家亲，最重要的是不能给我们金银潭医院丢脸。”
李晓松性格外向开朗，经常在科室讲笑话，调节紧张的气氛，逗同事开心，还时不时给同事打气鼓劲。她说：“一定要有信心，经历了非典、甲流、禽流感、H7N9,所有的疫情我都参与了，也都挺过来了，相信这次的疫情也会过去的。”她的最大心愿就是希望科室所有的人都平平安安，做到零感染。
零感染不光是一个目标、一句口号，需要真正落实到每一个细节中去。医院120作为一个特殊的科室，不仅有医生护士，还有驾驶员和担架员，只有每个人都按标准流程防护，才能真正达到零感染。作为科室负责人，李晓松重视岗前培训、严格考核和监管。在她的严格要求下，人人熟知工作流程，个个规范穿脱防护。

Li Xiausong smiled and said, "We have no choice but to do it better when we are responible for things.After all, the most important thing for us is that we can not to bring shame on our hospital."
Li Xiaosong's character is outgoing and cheerful.She often tells jokes in the department, adjusts the tense atmosphere, makes his colleagues happy and gives them encouragement from time to time.She said: "We must have confidence, experienced SARS, H1N1, bird flu, H7N9, all the epidemic I have participated in and survived, I believe this epidemic will pass as well."Her greatest wish is to hope that all the people in the department are safe, to achieve zero infection.
Zero infection is not just a goal or a slogan. It needs to be implemented in every detail. As a special unit, the hospital has not only doctors and nurses, but also drivers and stretcher bearers. Only when everyone follows standard procedures can we really reach zero infections. As the head of the department, Li Xiaosong attaches great importance to pre-job training, strict assessment and supervision.Under her strict requirements, everyone knows the procedures, and everyone is dressed and unguarded strictly.

Li Xiaosong smiled and said, “We have no choice but to do it well when things come to us. After all, all the emergency workers are one family. The most important thing is not to bring shame on our hospital." Li Xiaosong is outgoing and cheerful. She often tells jokes in the department, adjusts the tense atmosphere, makes his colleagues happy and gives them encouragement from time to time. She said: "We must have confidence. SARS, H1N1, bird flu, and H7N9. I have participated in all the epidemic and survived, so I believe this epidemic will pass as well." Her greatest wish is to hope that all the people in the department are safe, to achieve zero infection. Zero infection is not just a goal or a slogan. It needs to be implemented in every detail. As a special unit, the hospital has not only doctors and nurses, but also drivers and stretcher bearers. Only when everyone follows standard procedures can we really reach zero infection. As the head of the department, Li Xiaosong attaches great importance to pre-job training, strict assessment and supervision. Under her strict requirements, everyone knows the procedures, and everyone dresses and takes off clothes strictly.

====谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu ====

从1月中旬起，每天的转运量开始急剧上升，考虑到医院目前人员紧张，为了不增加医院的困难，李晓松率先改变排班模式，将急救团队分成三个小组，每天两台负压车满负荷运转，实行弹性排班，所有人24小时处于待命状态！她本人则24小时守在科室，除了日常管理，每天还要操心耗材、对接患者、消毒督导，遇到特殊的任务，还要亲自参与转运。
在一次火神山的转运任务中，120总部让她协助当天的核对转运工作，10台负压车同时出发，从中午1时起，穿上厚厚的防护服，直到晚上9点多才回到医院，全身的衣服都湿透了。
就是这样的一位“铁娘子”，当提起她的母亲时，禁不住泪流满面。李晓松的家人因为工作和学习的原因，都在国外，家里只有她和母亲两人，因为疫情防控工作，她将年近八旬的老人独自留在家中，休息的时候才会打个电话，问候一下。

From the middle of January, daily transport volume began to rise sharply. Considering the hospital was overstaffed, in order not to increase the difficulties of the hospital, Li Xiaosong took the lead in changing the scheduling mode. She divided the first aid team into three groups, with two negative pressure vehicles running at full capacity every day, implementing flexible scheduling, and everyone on standby 24 hours a day! She spent 24 hours in the department. In addition to daily management, she also had to worry about consumables, dock patients, provide supervision and guidance for disinfection, and personally participate in transport when encountering special tasks. During a transport mission in Huoshenshan, the 120 headquarter asked her to assist in the check and transport work that day. Ten negative pressure vehicles set off at the same time. She wore a thick protective suit from 1 p.m., and did not return to the hospital until after 9 p.m. Her clothes were drenched with sweat. Such an “iron lady”, when talking about her mother, could not help bursting into tears. Li Xiaosong’s family were abroad due to work and study, and she and her mother were the only two people at home. Due to the epidemic prevention and control work, she left the elderly women in her late 70s alone at home, and only called her when she had a rest.

<nowiki>Insert non-formatted text here</nowiki>====谢茜敏 Xie Ximin ====

当问到她选择这个职业后不后悔时，她毫不犹豫地说，不后悔！她相信所有的付出都是值得的，为了自己的祖国，为了自己的家乡，必须坚守岗位，无私奉献。
在120工作，是没有生活规律可循的，能睡觉时赶快睡，能吃饭时赶快吃，因为你永远不知道完成任务后，会不会马上还有下一单。更多的时候，中午出发，也许到晚上才能回。一单接一单的急救任务，数量有限的防护装备，决定了 “随遇而安、随时待命”是李晓松和同事唯一能选择的工作方式。有一次，来了一单任务，将一位疑似感染的患者从家里送到指定的隔离酒店。当李晓松的同事到达呼救地点时，患者始终联系不上，经多方打听，终于联系上远在外地的子女，才将患者送到隔离酒店。

When asked if she regreted choosing this career, she said no without hesitation! She believed that all the efforts were worth it. For her own motherland and hometown, she must stick to the post with selfless dedication. There was no daily routine when working in 120. You must sleep and eat as soon as you could, because you never knew if there would be another order after you just finished one task. More often, they left at noon and might not return until evening. With a series of first-aid tasks and a finite amount of protective equipment, the only working mode Li Xiaosong and his colleagues could choose was to "make the best of things and be always ready". Once came a mission transferring a patient with suspected infection from his or her home to the designated quarantine hotel. When Li Xiaosong's colleagues arrived at the rescue site, the patient could not be reached. After making inquiries, they finally contacted the patient's children far away from home, and sent the patient to the quarantine hotel.

When asked if she regretted choosing this career, she said no without hesitation! She believed that all the efforts were worth it. For her own motherland and hometown, she must stick to the post with selfless dedication. There was no daily routine when working in 120. You must sleep and eat as soon as you can, because you never know if there will be another order after you have just finished one task. More often, they left at noon and might not return until evening. With a series of first-aid tasks and a finite amount of protective equipment, the only working mode Li Xiaosong and his colleagues could choose was to "make the best of things and be always ready". Once came a mission transferring a patient with suspected infection from his or her home to the designated quarantine hotel. When Li Xiaosong's colleagues arrived at the rescue site, the patient could not be reached. After making inquiries, they finally contacted the patient's children far away from home, and sent the patient to the quarantine hotel.

====谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou====

然而，此时隔离酒店并不接受这位患者，称其不具备收治无法自理老人的条件，李晓松和同事只能带着老人一家医院一家医院地跑，又被一家又一家的医院拒绝，经过三个小时的努力，仍然无能为力，只能将患者又送回家中。
故事很平淡，但是对于患者和家属，对于120的医生护士而言，却深深感到发自内心的无助和无奈，其间拨打的所有电话要么没有人接，要么就是不了了之，中间的几个小时，对于他们都是煎熬和折磨。
这是金银潭医院“120部队”无数次急救任务中的一个缩影。当战“疫”来临时，他们冲在最前线，他们是真正第一批次接触新冠肺炎的一线医务人员。
However, at this time, the isolation hotel did not accept the patient, saying that he did not have the conditions to treat the elderly who could not take care of themselves. Li Xiaosong and his colleagues had to take the elderly to one hospital after another, but they were refused by one hospital after another. After three hours of effort, they were still powerless and had to send the patient home again.
The story is very simple, but for the patients and their families, as well as for the doctors and nurses in the emergency team, they deeply felt helpless and helpless from the bottom of their hearts. All the calls they made in the meantime were either not answered, or they just did nothing. The middle hours were painful and torturing for them.
This is a microcosm of the countless first aid tasks of the first aid team of Jinyintan Hospital. When the pandemic came, they rushed to the forefront, and they were the first batch of first-line medical staff who really contacted COVID-19.

However, at this time, the isolation hotel did not accept the patient, saying that he did not have the conditions to treat the elderly who could not take care of themselves. Li Xiaosong and his colleagues had to take the elderly to one hospital after another, but they were refused by one hospital after another. After three hours of effort, they were still powerless and had to send the patient home again.
The story is very simple, but for the patients and their families, as well as for the doctors and nurses on the emergency team, deeply felt helpless and helpless from the bottom of their hearts. All the calls they made in the meantime were either not answered, or they just did nothing. The middle hours were painful and torturing for them.
This is a microcosm of the countless first aid tasks of the first aid team of Jinyintan Hospital. When the pandemic came, they rushed to the forefront, and they were the first batch of first-line medical staff who really contacted COVID-19.

====谢紫佳 Xie Zijia====

战“疫”开始的阶段，所有的医护人员都有着相同的剧本：身在疫区的自己，就是一颗定时炸弹。于是选择远离亲朋好友，一个人上下班，一个人生活，备好食品药品，做持久战的准备。每每接到家人关心的电话，嘱咐一定要注意安全；总是听到又有哪位同事不幸被感染，又有多少患者不幸去世……
但是白衣战士的责任和担当，又让他们选择继续穿上防护服，毅然出征。
郭威波是金银潭“120部队”的一名急救驾驶员，平时大家都喜欢亲切地叫他“鸽子”。他是一位名副其实的大帅哥，身材魁梧、相貌英俊、心思细腻。每当他出车回来，都会认真做笔记，走的哪条线路、距离多远、用时多少，堪称“120 活地图”。
郭威波本来是准备今年春节完婚的，一直计划着元旦休息
At the beginning of the "epidemic", all medical staff had the same script: being in the epidemic area was a time bomb.So I chose to stay away from my friends and family, work alone, live alone, prepare food and drugs, and prepare for a long war. Every time I receive a phone call from my family, telling them to be safe; I always hear which of my colleagues have unfortunately been infected, and how many patients have unfortunately passed away ......
But the responsibility and commitment of the white soldiers, and let them choose to continue to wear protective clothing, determined to go out.
Guo Weibo is an emergency driver of the "120 unit" in Jinyintan, and usually people like to call him "Pigeon" with affection. He's a truly handsome man, sturdy, handsome and fine in heart. Whenever he came back from a trip, he would take serious notes on which route he took, how far it was, and how much time it took, which is called a "120 living map".
Guo Weibo was planning to finish the wedding this spring, and have been planning to take a break on New Year's Day.

====熊丹 Xiong Dan====

时将准备工作做完，谁料到疫情突然暴发，他只得将家里的大小事物都拜托给未婚妻，将婚期一拖再拖。
在“120部队”中，还有这样一个特殊的不可或缺的群体最容易被忽视。他们来自农村，没有耀眼的学历，没有傲人的医术，不会说什么豪言壮语，却有一颗纯朴、善良、负责的心，在这个特殊的时期，不畏疫情,与医护人员一起守护人民的健康, 他们就是担架师傅。
在防护用品短缺的情况下，他们主动把N95 口罩和厚一点的防护服让给医生护士，他们说：“我们是农村人，身体好。你们医生护士是有文化的人，有本领，能救更多的人，千万不能得病。”
这些朴实的话语让人忍不住流下了眼泪。
He would be ready to finish work.Who knows the sudden outbreak of the pandemic. He had to give the chores to his fiancee,and the wedding was delayed again and again.
There is one particular indispensable group in the 120-Force that is most easily overlooked. They come from the countryside, no dazzling education, no proud medical skills, do not speak bold words, but have a simple, kind, responsible heart.In this special period, they don’t afraid of the pandemic, together with the medical staff to protect people's health. They are stretcher masters.
In the face of a shortage of protective equipment, they volunteered to give N95 masks and thicker protective suits to doctors and nurses, saying, "We are rural people and in good health. You doctors and nurses are educated and capable people who can save more people. You must not get sick."
Those simple words brought tears to one's eyes.

====徐思禹 Xu Siyu====

疫情肆虐时，很多人选择了逃离，而更多担架工师傅却选择留下来。其中最年轻的黄启胜，在封城前利用休息时间回了家。封城后，由于道路不通，无法按时到岗，他非常着急，担心因为个人原因影响医院的工作。后来经过多方协调，终于回到了工作岗位。他们是无数个奉献者中的一员，同样是这个时代最可爱的人。
如果说临床科室医生和护士是战斗在一线的勇士，那么这支“120部队”急救人员就是战斗在疫情最前沿的尖兵！
医院南二病区的他们
生命重于泰山，疫情就是命令，防控就是责任！
When the epidemic was raging, many people chose to flee, while more stretcher bearers chose to stay. The youngest of them, Huang Qisheng, used his break to return home before the city lockdown. After the closure, he was very anxious because he could not arrive at work on time due to the closed roads, and was worried that his personal reasons would affect the work of the hospital. Later, after coordination, he finally returned to work. They are one of the countless dedicated people who are also the most lovely people of this era. If the doctors and nurses in the clinical departments are the warriors fighting on the front line, then the "120 units" of emergency personnel are the frontline soldiers fighting in the pandemic! Their lives are more important than the mountains, the pandemic is an order, and prevention and control is a responsibility!

====颜琦 Yan Qi ====

在这场疫情阻击战中，武汉市金银潭医院南二病区全体医护人员在主任谢学磊的带领下，持续冲锋在一线，夜以继日地开展救治工作，他们竭尽所能、争分夺秒，如今已连轴战斗了50多个日日夜夜。

In the battle against the virus, all the health workers in the South Second Ward of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, guided by Xie Xuelei, the hospital director, continued to work in the front line and struggled to cure patients around the clock. They did their best and wasted no time. It has been over 50 days and 50 nights since they worked almost without a break.

最“铁心”的妈妈——李坤霞

The Most "Hard-Headed" Mother: Li Kunxia

“我刚才跟妈打电话了，女儿很懂事，很听话，你只管安心地工作，自己也要做好防护啊！家里，你就不要牵挂了，有我呢！”李坤霞接到丈夫的电话，眼里闪着泪花。

"I just talked to your mom on the phone. Our girl is very sensible and obedient. you only need to focus on your job and protect yourself! Don't worry about us at home, I'm here!" Li Kunxia answers the phone from her husband, eyes flashing with tears.

为做好安全隔离，更为了家人健康考虑，她执意一个人住宾馆，一岁多的女儿只能交给老人照顾。

In order to safely isolated humans and consider the health of her family, she insisted on living alone in a hotel, and her daughter who is more than one year old was sent to her parents for good care.

她心里虽有千言万语，但深知使命崇高、责无旁贷，每次只能与家人几句简短的问候，便匆忙挂掉电话，收起眼泪直奔病房。

Although she had many words to say, she knew her moral obligations and duties as a medic. Every time she could only tell a few brief greetings to her family before she hung up the phone hurriedly, wiped away her tears and ran to the wards.

最“倔强”的大姐——王芳

The Most "Stubborn" Big Sister: Wang Fang

In the battle against the virus, all the health workers in the South Second Ward of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, guided by the hospital director Xie Xuelei, continued to work in the front line and struggled to cure patients around the clock. They did their best and wasted no time. They have worked for over 50 days without break.
The Most "Hard-Heart" Mother: Li Kunxia
"I just talked to your mom on the phone. Our girl is very sensible and obedient. You only need to focus on your job and protect yourself! Don't worry about us. I'm here!" Li Kunxia talked with her husband on the phone, eyes flashing with tears.
Consider the health of her family, to have a safe isolation, she insisted on living alone in a hotel, and sent her one-year-old daughter to her parents to take care of.
Although she had many words to say, she knew her moral obligations and duties as a medic. Every time she could only tell a few brief greetings to her family before she hung up the phone hurriedly, then wiping away her tears and running to the wards.
The Most "Stubborn" Sister: Wang Fang

====杨思吟 Yang Siyin====

王芳是一个有着丰富救治经验的“老前辈”，也是个热心肠的大姐，对科室的年轻医生非常照顾，并经常将自己宝贵的工作经验与大家分享。
随着疫情形势的日益严峻，接诊量大幅增多，她顾不上正处在初三学习冲刺阶段的儿子，自疫情开始，一直穿着密闭的防护服连续奋战，在隔离区不敢喝水，不能上厕所，浑身闷透。
每当同事忍不住说起：“王大姐，您休息一会儿，让我去吧”，“倔强”的她总是回复：“我还行。”
最“拼命”的伙伴一黄晴

Wang Fang is a senior medical worker with wealthy treatment experience. Also being kind-hearted, she is considerable to young doctors in her department and often shares her invaluable working experience with them. As the pandemic grew serious, with the surging number of patients, she could not take care of her son who are striving to study hard in the final year of middle school. Since the outbreak of pandemic, she had worked for several days running wearing airtight protective clothing. In the isolation zone, she was afraid of drinking water and could not go to toilet, stuffy and sweaty. Every time her colleagues couldn’t help saying that, “ you should take a break. I can do this work.” She always replied stubbornly, “ I am OK.” The most hard working partner— Huang Qing

Wang Fang is a senior medical worker with abundant treatment experience. Also being kind-hearted, she cares after young doctors in her department and often shares her invaluable working experience with them. As the pandemic grew serious, with the surging number of patients, she could not take care of her son who is striving to study hard in the final year of middle school. Since the outbreak of pandemic, she had worked for several days running wearing airtight protective clothing. In the isolation zone, she was afraid of drinking water and could not go to toilet, with the whole body stuffy and sweaty. Every time her colleagues couldn’t help saying that, “ you should take a break. I can do this work.” She always replied stubbornly, “ I am OK.” The most hard working partner— Huang Qing

====杨晰微 Yang Xiwei====

疫情发生以来，连续在一线奋战40多天的高强度工作，让黄晴医生的身体开始吃不消了，身体不适的她本应少走动多休息，但刚打完吊瓶的她，就第一时间主动请缨，强烈要求继续参与战斗，看着她虚弱的身体，大家纷纷劝她注意休息。
“你们都在火线竭尽所能，我这点小病算不了什么，关键时候绝不能’掉链子’，不用担心，我还可以！”她坚定的话语让大家既心疼又钦佩。
最“贴心”的暖男一李翼、余振兴

Since the outbreak of pandemic, Doctor Huang Qing has been working in the frontline for over 40 days in a high intensity and she started to wear herself out. Because she was uncomfortable, she should have more rest and walk less. Nevertheless, after taking an IV drip, she just took the initiative the first time, strongly asking to keep on fighting. Looking that she was weak, everyone tried to persuade her to have a rest.

"You all work in the frontline and my minor illness doesn't matter. I can't "drop the chain" at a key moment. Don't worry. I can hold on." Her firm words made them feel sorry and admired.

The most "thoughful" warm boys were Li Yi, Yu Zhenxin.

Since the outbreak of the pandemic, Doctor Huang Qing has been working in the frontline for more than 40 days in a high intensity and she started to wear herself out. Because she was uncomfortable, she should have walked less and rested more. Nevertheless, after taking an IV drip, she just took the initiative the first time, strongly asking to keep on fighting. Looking that she was weak, everyone tried to persuade her to have a rest.

"You all work in the frontline and my minor illness doesn't matter. I can't "drop the chain" at a key moment. Don't worry. I can hold on." Her firm words made everyone feel both pain and admiration.

The most "thoughful" warm boys were Li Yi, Yu Zhenxin.

====余海铭 Yu Haiming====

李翼和余振兴的爱人都是本院的职工，为打赢疫情阻击战，他们把孩子托给年迈的父母照料。这两对夫妻同心协力，携手逆行，义无反顾。
每次丈夫一句“戴好口罩，做好防护”，妻子一句“知道了”，接着就双双奔赴病房。即便爱人也在同一个医院工作，但经常是36到48小时，甚至更长时间见不到一面，这也是医院诸多双职工的日常。
虽然他们顾不上“小家”，但独揽了科室“大家”的后勤，大到防护物资领取，小到分发科室盒饭，在这场日夜不息的战斗中，他们既是火线“急先锋”，又是科室“勤务兵”。
最“心细”的娘家人一一谢学磊
Li Yi and Yu Zhenxing, whose lovers are both employees of the hospital, entrusted their children to the care of their elderly parents in order to win the battle against the epidemic. These two couples worked together and went against the odds hand in hand. Every time the husband said, "Wear a mask and take good care of yourself," and the wife said, "Got it," and then they both ran to the ward. Even though they work in the same hospital, they often do not see each other for 36 to 48 hours, or even longer, which is the daily routine of many double workers in the hospital. Although they can't take care of the "small family", they take charge of the logistics of the "big family" of the department, from the collection of protective materials to the distribution of departmental box lunches. In this day and night battle, they are not only the "pioneers" of the fire line, but also the "orderly soldiers" of the department. The most "attentive" mother's family one by one Xie Xuelei

Li Yi and Yu Zhenxing, whose lovers are both employees of the hospital, left their children to be taken care by their elderly parents in order to win the battle against the epidemic. These two couples worked together and fought against the epidemic hand in hand. Every time the husband hust said "Wear a mask and take good care of yourself," and the wife replied "Got it" and then they both ran to work in different wards. Even though they work in the same hospital, they often do not see each other for 36 to 48 hours, or even longer, which is the daily routine of many working couples in the hospital. Although they can't take care of the "small family", they take charge of the logistics of the "big family" of the department, from the collection of protective materials to the distribution of departmental box meals. In this day and night battle, they are not only the "pioneers" of the fire line, but also the "orderly soldiers" of the department. The most "attentive" family member ——Xie Xuelei

====曾晨 Zeng Chen ====

谢学磊是南二病区的主任，面对焦虑的患者,她都亲力亲为，一声声问诊，一遍遍安慰，一句句嘱咐，即使自己再苦再累都藏在心底。
在隔离病区，医生和护士要直接、密切地接触患者，感染风险高、心理压力大，穿戴层层防护装备后，闷热、憋气，时间长了会有缺氧的感觉，每次她都会在第一时间为大家进行心理疏导。
“有谢主任无微不至的关怀，即便疫情再凶猛，工作再辛苦我们也不怕，因为谢主任就是我们坚强的后盾。”谢学磊的存在，让科室同事感到踏实。
在这次新型冠状病毒疫情面前，他们没有豪言壮语，也没有耀眼的光环，只是默默努力，坚守自己的岗位。疫情面前，他们就是战士，疫情就是命令，岗位就是战场，他们不惧风险、严阵以待，用实际行动恪守初心、践行使命。

Xie Xuelei is the director of the second South ward area, in the face of patients with anxiety, she dealt with them herself, comforting and ordering one by one, over and over again. All the bitter and tiredness are hidden in the bottom of her heart. In the isolation ward, doctors and nurses should contact patients directly and closely, with high risk of infection and great psychological pressure. After wearing layers of protective equipment, they will feel stuffy and suffocated, and there will be a feeling of hypoxia after a long time. Every time, she will conduct psychological counseling for them in the first time. "With Director Xie’s meticulous care, the most fierce epidemic and hard work will not frighten us as she is our strong supporter." The presence of Xie Xuelei makes colleagues in the department feel reliable. Facing the novel coronavirus epidemic, they do not speak bold words, nor do they have a dazzling halo, they just work quietly and stick to their posts. In the face of the epidemic, they are soldiers, with the epidemic being the order, and the post the battlefield. They are not afraid of risks, but are fully-prepared and stick to their original intention and fulfill their mission with concrete actions.

Xie Xuelei is the director of the second South ward area, in the face of anxious patients, she dealt with them herself, asking and consulting them one by one, comforting them over and over again. All the bitter and tiredness are hidden in the bottom of her heart. In the isolation wards, doctors and nurses were looking after patients directly and closely, with high risk of infection and great psychological pressure. After wearing layers of protective equipment, they will feel stuffy and suffocated, and there will be a feeling of hypoxia after a long time. Every time, she will conduct psychological counseling for them at first. "With Director Xie’s meticulous care, the most fierce epidemic and hard work will not frighten us as she is our strong supporter." The presence of Xie Xuelei makes colleagues in the department feel reliable. Facing the novel coronavirus epidemic, they do not speak bold words, nor do they have a dazzling halo, they just work quietly and stick to their duties. In the face of the epidemic, they are soldiers, with the epidemic being the order, and the post the battlefield. They are not afraid of risks, and are fully-prepared and sticking to their original intention and fulfill their mission with concrete actions.

==Part 8==

====张海珊 Zhang Haishan ====

后勤，一群不回家的人
在疫情风暴眼中心的武汉市金银潭医院，有这样一群以科室为家的人。白天，办公室是他们的调度指挥室。晚上，就在办公室搭起简易行军床，24小时在医院值守，真正做到了 “闻令即行”，成为春节中“不回家的人”。
他们，就是医院后勤保障战线的干部职工。
路灯下的身影

In the back-office, there was a group of people who were not going home. At Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, the center of this epidemic, there is a group of people who take the office as their home. During the day, the office is their dispatching room. In the evening, they set up simple camp beds in the office and were on duty in the hospital 24 hours a day, truly "acting on orders" and becoming "people who won't go home" during the Spring Festival. They are the cadres and workers of the hospital backup support front.
Figures under the street lamp.

In the back offices of hospital, there was always a group of people who were not going home. At Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, the center of this epidemic, there is a group of people who regard the office as their home. During the day, the office is their dispatching room. In the evening, they set up simple camp beds in the office and were on duty in the hospital day and night, truly "acting on orders" and becoming "people who won't go home" during the Spring Festival. They are the cadres and workers of the hospital backup support front.
Figures under the street lamp.

====张珂珂 Zhang Keke====

医院总务科的工作历来琐碎杂乱，特别是在应对新型冠状病毒疫情这个非常时期，头绪多，任务重，承担着为前方队友送炮弹、做好全方位保障的艰巨任务。
医院总务科科长黄高平把“增强四个意识、坚定四个自信、做到两个维护”转化在实实在在的行动中。他克服自己年龄偏大、家庭负担较重的困难，全心全意投入到医院总务科的各项工作中来。黄高平每天坚持巡查水、电、气管线多次，尤其是晚上，总是能看到路灯下他拿着手持电话机在医院每个点位巡查的咼大身影。
由于医院收治的重症患者偏多，在医护人员救治过程中难免会突发一些意外事件。一次，在ICU病区的抢救中，患者喷出来的血痰导致医疗设备短路，黄高平带领维修组的同志第一时间赶赴现场抢修，及时保障了设备的正常运行。

members in the general affairs office of hospital have trivial and messy work, especially on the critical stage of fighting against Covid-19 coronavirus, with heavy tasks, and need to provide wholesale equipments and servic. Huang Gaoping, the Chief of the General Affairs Section of the Hospital, transformed "enhancing the four consciousnesses and strengthening the four self-confidences and then achieving the two maintenances" into concrete actions. Although he is old with heavy family burden, he still overcame these difficulties and devoted himself wholeheartedly to all the work of the general affairs of hospital. He sticks to check the water, electricity and gas pipelines many times. Especially at night, people would always see him patrol every point of the hospital with a handled phone under the street lamp.
Because there are too many critically ill patients admitted to the hospital, it is difficult to avoid some accidents in the treatment. One day, In the rescue of patient in ICU ward, the patient's blood sputum caused short circuit of medical equipment, the maintenance team led by Huang Gaoping rushed so quickly there for emergency repair that guarantee the normal operation of the equipment.
members in the general affairs office of hospital have trivial and messy work, especially on the critical stage of fighting against Covid-19 coronavirus, with heavy tasks, and need to provide wholesale equipments and servic. Huang Gaoping, the Chief of the General Affairs Section of the Hospital, transformed "enhancing the four consciousnesses and strengthening the four self-confidences and then achieving the two maintenances" into concrete actions. Although he is old with heavy family burden, he still overcame these difficulties and devoted himself wholeheartedly to all the work of the general affairs of hospital. He sticks to check the water, electricity and gas pipelines many times. Especially at night, people would always see him patrol every point of the hospital with a handled phone under the street lamp.
Because there are too many critically ill patients admitted to the hospital, it is difficult to avoid some accidents in the treatment. One day, In the rescue of patient in ICU ward, the patient's blood sputum caused short circuit of medical equipment, the maintenance team led by Huang Gaoping rushed so quickly there for emergency repair that guarantee the normal operation of the equipment.

====张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei====

由于没有家属陪护，医院有些患者生活无法自理，会出现将污物随意丢弃，堵塞下水管的情况。维修组的同志们毫无怨言，尽早疏通，还主动排查保证各个下水管道的畅通。
除了保证医院的水电气、电梯以及污水处理站的正常运行外，他们无论白天、黑夜接到电话都会以最短的时间赶到现场，处理各种应急事件，院内的路灯下留下了他们长长的身影。
据统计，在40多天的时间里，总务科共安装了 200多台挂壁式消毒机、近600盏紫外线灯，铺设病区电线近千米，维修全院路灯60多盏、病区感应水龙头几百个，更换300来套隔离病区的锁扣，疏通病区内的厕所下水道及洗脸盆下水道 40处。
他们还配合企业5天内完成了医院液氧站的建设改造，由原来2个5立方氧罐改为2个10立方氧罐，落实了病区不间断高流量供氧的需求。
匆匆的脚步
Some patients in the hospital are unable to take care of themselves because they are not accompanied by their family members. They will discard the dirt at will and block the sewer pipe. The comrades of the maintenance team did not complain at all, and they fixed them as soon as possible. They also took the initiative to check and ensure that all sewer pipes were unblocked. In addition to ensuring the normal operation of the water, electricity, elevator and sewage treatment station in the hospital, they will arrive at the scene in the shortest time to deal with various emergency events whenever they receive a call in the day and night, leaving a long shadow under the street lights in the hospital. According to statistics, in 40 days, the General Affairs Department has installed more than 200 wall mounted sterilizer, nearly 600 ultraviolet lamps, laid nearly 1000 meters of wires in the ward, maintained more than 60 street lamps in the hospital, hundreds of induction taps in the ward, replaced more than 300 sets of locks to isolate the ward, and dredged 40 toilets and washbasins in the ward. They also cooperated with the enterprise to complete the construction and transformation of the hospital's liquid oxygen station within 5 days, from the original two 5 cubic oxygen tanks to two 10 cubic oxygen tanks, fulfilling the needs of the ward for uninterrupted high flow oxygen supply. Hurried footsteps

====张思诗 Zhang Sishi====

“15分钟后有12名病患到门诊CT室做检查，各自到位做好道路管制，快点！快点！”在医院院区总能看到一位一边快速奔走一边用对讲机呼叫的高大身影，他就是金银潭医院保卫科科长周德义，一位近20年党龄的老党员。面对疫情，他没有恐惧，没有退缩，不分昼夜地奋战在自己的岗位上。
保卫科虽然不在救治病患的最前线，但在这次防控工作中保卫工作显得尤其重要。每栋病房楼下面都要安排人员24小时值守，不让患者和家属随意进出病区,还要负责转运病区的患者, 运送各病区所需的医疗和生活物资，安排去医技科室检查的道路清场等。

"We have 12 patients in the outpatient CT room in 15 minutes. Get in position. Do your road control. Hurry up!" In the hospital area, you can always see a tall figure running fast while calling with the intercom. In the face of the epidemic, he did not fear or retreat, but fought day and night at his post. Although the security department was not at the forefront of the treatment of patients, it was particularly important in the prevention and control work. He was also responsible for transferring patients from the wards, transporting medical and living materials to the wards, and arranging for road clearances to the medical and technical departments.

"We would have 12 patients in the outpatient CT room in 15 minutes. Get in position. Do your road control，and just hurry up!" In the hospital, you could always see a tall figure running fast while calling with the intercom. He was Zhou Yide, head of security section of Jinyintan hospital and who joined the party almost 20 years. In the face of the epidemic, he did not fear or retreat, but fought day and night at his post. Although the security department was not at the forefront of the treatment of patients, it was particularly important in the prevention and control work. He was also responsible for transferring patients from the wards, transporting medical and living materials to the wards, and arranging for road clearances to the medical and technical departments.

====张婷 Zhang Ting====

疫情发生正是春节期间，而且金银潭医院收治的都是确诊的新冠肺炎患者，很多物业人员因为害怕被感染都回家了，在急缺人手的情况下，周德义经请示批准后调动了一切可以调配的人员组建了临时班组，毫无怨言地接下了繁重的工作。
年近花甲的他奔赴在医院的每一个角落，时值冬季，汗水常常浸透了他的衣衫。
保卫科的职工吴昌顺，是2019年入党的新党员，平日里是位活泼可爱的阳光大男孩。疫情期间，他除了完成医院的安保工作，还承担了为病区走廊上的加床患者送瓶装氧气的工作，随着医院救治任务加重，走廊上的加床患者越来越多，这些患者没有中心供氧设施，主要靠瓶装氧气供应，他和同事们接到任务后都以最快的速度把氧气瓶送到病区。

The epidemic occurred during the Spring Festival, and Jinyintan Hospital admitted all patients with confirmed covid-19, many property staff went home for fear of being infected.
Although he was almost an old man, he ran in every corner of the hospital. Even if it was in winter, sweat often soaked through his clothes.
Wu Changshun, an employee of the Security Section, was a new member of the Party who joined the Party in 2019 and was usually a lively and lovely sunny boy. During the epidemic, in addition to completing the hospital's security work, he also took on the job of delivering bottled oxygen to the extra bed patients in the corridor of the ward. As the hospital's treatment tasks increased, there were more and more extra bed patients in the corridor, and these patients did not have central oxygen supply facilities and mainly relied on bottled oxygen supply. Both he and his colleagues delivered oxygen cylinders to the ward as quickly as possible after receiving the assignment.

It was during the Spring Festival that the pandemic outbroke, and patients admitted by Jinyintan Hospital were all infected COVID-19. Many property staff went home for fear of being infected. In the case of an urgent shortage of staff, Zhou Deyi transferred all available personnel to form a temporary team after asking for the approval, taking over the heavy work without complaint.
The man, who was nearly sixty years old, ran in every corner of the hospital. Even if it was in winter, sweat often soaked through his clothes.
Wu Changshun, an employee of the Security Section, was a new member of the Party who joined the CPC in 2019, lively and lovely. During the pandemic, in addition to completing the hospital's security work, he also took on the job of delivering bottled oxygen to the patients in the corridor of the ward. As the hospital's treatment tasks increased, there were more and more patients living in the corridor, who had no central oxygen supply facilities and mainly relied on bottled oxygen supply. Therefore, both he and his colleagues delivered oxygen cylinders to them as quickly as possible after receiving the assignment.

====张文琦 Zhang Wenqi ====

医院防护物资紧缺，为了保障一线医护人员的供应，他和同事们只能穿着爱心人士捐赠的没有达到应有防护级别的隔离服进病区，“我们送到后就及时出来，隔离服要留给医生护士，他们在里面待得久，不能没有保障。”吴昌顺的话语非常朴实。
他们也是战士，虽然默默无闻，却一样冒着生命危险守卫着这片土地上的人民。
寒冬中的汗水
金银潭医院在新冠肺炎疫情中备受关注，得到了全国人民的支援与关爱。社会企业和公众发挥大爱无疆的公益精神，踊跃捐献各类物资到医院。

Due to the shortage of protective materials in the hospital, he and his colleagues could only wear isolation suits caring people donated which did not meet the due protection level, so as to guarantee the supply of front-line medical staff. “We came out as soon as materials were sent to them. Isolation suits should be left to medical staff, because they cannot stay inside for a long time without security,” said Wu Changshun sincerely.
They were fighters, too. Although unknown, they risked their lives to protect the people of this land.
Sweat in the Severe Winter
Jinyintan Hospital has drawn much attention in the COVID-19 pandemic and has received support and care from the people of the whole country. Social enterprises and the public gave full play to the public spirit of boundless love through active donations of various materials to hospitals.

Due to the shortage of protective materials in the hospital, he and his colleagues could only wear isolation suits caring people donated which did not meet the due protection level, in order to guarantee the supply of front-line medical staff. “We came out as soon as materials were sent to them. Isolation suits should be left to medical staff, because they cannot stay inside for a long time without security,” said Wu Changshun sincerely. They were also fighters. Though unknown, they risked their lives to protect the local people.
Sweat in the severe winter
Jinyintan Hospital has drawn much attention in the COVID-19 pandemic and has received support and care from the people of the whole country. Social enterprises and the public gave full play to the public spirit of boundless love through active donations of various materials to hospitals.

====周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan====

把捐献的物资保管好、分配好、使用好，是保证一线医护人员顺利生活、工作的基础。金银潭医院后勤保障战线的同志除了完成本职工作外还义无反顾地承担起接收与分配捐献物资的重任。社会各界捐献的物资千差万别，有生活用品，有医疗用品；有鲜活型的，有长期型的；有对口指定支援的，有特殊用途的。他们秉持一颗公心，事事突出"精准"特点，讲规矩，听指挥。
接收捐献物资医疗器材、食品、各种生活用品全部都登记入账，保存安全并分发及时，做到了 “账目清晰、公开廉政、使用合理、保障有力”。
2月15日的晚上10点多钟，忙碌了一天的医院逐渐地放慢了节奏。此时，医院突然接到一批消毒用品的捐献，车辆即将到达医院。
夜晚寒冷，白天的疲劳还未消退，但一想到明天医护人员还要冲锋上前，全院需要消杀保障，爱心人士正在路上奔波，医院后勤的员工临时组建突击小分队，第一时间集结，由食堂的班组
长袁勇带队，8个人10分钟内到齐，开辟通道，整理仓库。

The basis for the smooth life and work of front-line medical staff is the careful reservation, equal distribution and sufficient use of donated materials. These donations from all walks of life can be divided into different types, including daily necessities and medical supplies; some for instant use, some for long-term use; some for designated support and some for a specific purpose. The receiving and distribution of them is undertaken by comrades from Jinyintan Hospital logistics support front, who also do their regular work well. Taking an orientated approach and following the instructions, these comrades all work for the public. Under the principle of clear accounts, open and clean work, reasonable use and full guarantee, medical equipment, food and all kinds of daily necessities are registered, kept safely and distributed in a timely manner. After 10 o ’clock in the evening on February 15, the staff gradually slowed down after a busy day. At that time, they were informed that a batch of disinfection supplies are about to arrive at the hospital. Though cold and tired, they were assembled immediately to ensure that tomorrow’s work is smooth and to support the work of the caring people. Led by Yuan Yong, the team leader of the canteen, eight people arrived within 10 minutes to open the channel and sort out the warehouse.

It is the careful reservation, equal distribution and sufficient use of donated materials that guarantee the smooth life and work of front-line medical staff. Except for their duties, they also needed to take the responsibilities of receiving and distribution of donated goods. These donations from all walks of life can be divided into different types, including daily necessities and medical supplies; some for instant use, some for long-term use; some for designated support and some for a specific purpose. With a devoting heart to the Public they put "precision" into the centre of their attention and strictly followed the instruction. They managed to register and dispense all the donated medical suppies, foods, and daily necessities in time in the principle of "clear accounts, public governance, reasonable using, powerful guarantee". Late at 10 p.m. on the 15th of Februrary, the staff gradually slowed down after a busy day. At that time, they were informed that a batch of disinfection supplies were about to arrive at the hospital. Though cold and tired, they were assembled immediately to ensure that tomorrow's work be smooth to support the work of the caring people. Led by Yuan Yong, the team leader of the canteen, eight people arrived within 10 minutes to smooth the channel and sort out the warehouse.

====周子豪 Zhou Zihao ====

车辆一到达医院，即开始紧张的清点、交接与卸载工作。每个人平均搬运40多件包装品，仅用了 50分钟便全部整理入库。前来捐献的爱心人士敬佩地说：“我跑了那么多的单位，金银潭医院的同志们最是认真负责，物品捐赠给你们，我们放心！”
当爱心人士的车辆离开后，8个人才发现，虽然是在寒冷的冬夜，但每个人脸上都挂满了汗珠。
在这场战“疫”中，金银潭医院后勤保障战线的这个群体，主动请缨，并肩作战。医院的每一个角落都是他们的战场，守护好身边的“白衣战士”、守护好身处的这座城，是他们唯一的心愿。
The nervous work of counting, transferring and unloading started right after the cars have arrived. Everyone took averagely more than 40 packages and it took only 50 minutes to put them all in storage. "Among all the places I hav ever been, people here are the most meticulous ones. It did reassure me to rely on you." people who came to donate said respectfully. It was after the cars had left they noticed the sweat on their faces in such a cold weather. During the battle against the pandemic, the logistical department of Jinyintan Hospital took its responsibilities to fight hand in hand. Their batteground covered every corner of the hospital. It was the only wish that they safeguard their warriors in white and the city behind.

====庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====

金银潭医院后勤员工在搬运物资
“暴风之眼”中的医院GCP
2019年12月30日，武汉市金银潭医院GCP （药物临床试验机构）及项目组成员在I期临床试验研究室召开了 2个BE项目的启动会，兼任项目PI的张定宇院长在会议总结时重点强调： “当前流感盛行，大家一定要注意保暖，避免感冒。”
当时，GCP的同事并未觉察到院长的深意。几天后，他们才知道，就在启动会的前一天晚上（12月29日），医院收治了几名不明原因肺炎患者。
也就是从这天起，金银潭医院，特别是呼吸道感染科，在超前谋划的张定宇带领下，积极投身于这场没有硝烟的战“疫”。
加快试验入组，机构、伦理齐迈步

====Wellsand, Benjamin====

2020年新年伊始，随着医院收治的类似患者日渐增加，且临床未找到有效药物治疗的情形下，帮助临床寻找特效药物成了当务之急。
他们通过文献检索、同类机构指导发现：洛匹那韦/利托那韦和干扰素-a2b, Remdesivir,对新型冠状病毒单/多克隆抗体可能有效，需紧急开展临床试验以验证这些药物对治疗新冠肺炎的有效性。接下来的每天，他们与时间赛跑，在确保符合药物临床试验规范的基础上，与中日友好医院、北京协和医院、北京朝阳医院、中国科学院武汉病毒所等多家研究单位展开通力合作，GCP机构办公室统筹协调，机构人员分工协作，自2020年1月6日起，开始了寻找治疗新冠肺炎有效治疗药物的临床研究攻关。
2020年1月9日，首个新冠肺炎项目“克力芝”进行伦理上会审批,经过几例预试验后，1月17号正式入组。截至2月2日，该项目入组新冠肺炎患者202例，入组速度相较于平时提升了 80%0

At the beginning of 2020, as the number of similar patients admitted to the hospital was increasing day by day, and no effective drug treatment had been found clinically, helping the clinic find specific drugs had become a top priority.
Through research and guidance from similar institutions, they found that lopinavir/ritonavir and interferon-a2b, Remdesivir, may be effective against new coronavirus monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies. In addition, urgent clinical trials are needed to verify the effectiveness of these drugs for treatment of COVID-19. In the following days, they raced against time. On the basis of ensuring compliance with drug clinical trial specifications, they cooperated with China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and other research units. GCP Institutional Office is coordinating overall, and the personnel of the institution work together in the division of labor. Since January 6, 2020, the clinical research to find effective drugs for the treatment of new coronary pneumonia has begun. On January 9, 2020, the first COVID-19 project, Kalitra, was approved by the ethics committee. After several pre-tests, it was formally subscribed on January 17th. As of February 2nd, the project has admitted 202 patients with new coronary pneumonia, and enrollment is 80% above the normal rate.

---------end----------

2020年1月24日，国家科技部下达应急攻关专项，金银潭医院作为牵头单位承担“重症患者救治及诊疗方案优化项目”。

金银潭医院GCP机构员工正在硏讨

金银潭医院GCP机构参加武汉市传染病医院医学伦理委员会2020年度第一次伦理审查会议。

当日，金银潭医院内紧急召开“重症患者救治及诊疗方案优化项目临床科技攻关小组成立暨项目启动会”。1月29日，科技部应急攻关项目工作会暨项目启动会召开，并快速确定第一批的8个项目，以尽快确定临床治疗方案。

2020年2月5日下午，深受人们期望的“Remdesivir” 瑞德西韦临床研究项目启动会在金银潭医院召开，开启了新一轮的“特效药” ID期临床试验验证过程。
身处防疫一线核心的金银潭，摆在该院临床试验机构面前最大的困难是：如何在避免交叉感染的情况下，既要确保伦理时效性，又要保证项目审查质量。经过多方协调，他们最终通过院外专家远程微信视频+院内专家现场会议的新型形式解读

瑞德西韦临床研究项目启动会在金银潭医院召开

特殊时期应急情况。短短1个多月，他们共召开了4次伦理会议审查，其中新冠肺炎应急攻关项目会议审查14项。快审3项，备案3项。
身兼多职，全员参与保进度
GCP机构在全力配合用于治疗新冠肺炎的临床应急试验的同时，除了认真对待邮箱中每一个新冠肺炎项目咨询和解释相关要求外,在疫情特殊背景下,部分之前由院外人员承担的责任, 也落到了 GCP机构的肩上。
他们需要兼任CRO组织管理项目，查阅文献，审阅、撰写方案，制定项目专属SOP,为项目顺利启动做充足准备。
他们需要去病区，或作为PM统筹协调其他资源保障项目顺利如期展开，或作为质控员保障研究者按规范进行试验，或作为CRA监控试验实施详细过程，或作为CRC协助研究者顺利开展项目……

他们需要筛选符合入组条件的病例。每天从上千份病例中逐一筛选，挑选符合入组条件的病例，有任何遗漏，就可能造成某位患者错失早日接受治疗的机会。
他们需要根据患者知情入组的时间，配合临床，完成受试者随机分配，并跟踪直至给药完成。给药完成的时间，或是白天, 或是黑夜，甚至是凌晨，他们从不说苦，因为这就是责任。
他们需要录入试验原始数据。入组试验重要，但数据分析却更为重要，有效的结果能促进临床的规模使用，无效的结果能及时纠正研究方向，避免资源浪费。
获得试验数据后，他们又立刻将数据录入电脑，争分夺秒。在他们的信念中：只要早一秒录完，就能早一秒进行数据统计分析，药效就能早一秒知晓。

治病救人是医生护士的责任，而尽快获取第一手的试验结果，就是GCP机构的使命。他们精细划分每一项工作，分配好任务，及时跟踪反馈，确保所有工作能尽快有效落地。
快速响应，I期病房在行动
2020年1月，I期临床试验研究室除了照常完成已经启动入组的BE临床试验，还要协助其他病区防控疫情。
为确保受试者健康安全，同时最大限度增加医院床位，武汉市唯一的定点传染病医院的掌舵人、兼任I期临床试验研究室负责人的张定宇再一次做出决定：立刻暂停其他与疫情防控无关的药物I期

临床试验项目入组，已经入组的项目快速结束，腾出I期临床试验用病房，用以收治新冠肺炎患者。
接到指令后，GCP机构办主任龚凤云动员I期病房的所有医生、护士立即行动起来，仅仅用了两天就完成了病房的升级改造，随时待命。1月27日，I期病房开始收治第一例新冠肺炎患者。
舍小“家”为大“家”，把爱传递
GCP机构办公室主任刘颖以院为家，坚守前线统筹协调，咨询和立项的每一个方案都是经由她手，自12月29日起至

金银潭GCP机构同事合影
今未休息一天。每天连轴转，下班时间从未早于晚8点，深夜十一二点下班也是常态，每天只能抽空与未满4岁的女儿视频连线……
GCP机构的质控管理员阮姝楠，1月8号才做了肝脏囊肿手术，出院刚满一周，1月16号就重返工作岗位。伦理、机构的事情都少不了她，有一次，工作劳累之后，阮姝楠上腹部疼痛难忍，只好下午回家休息了半天，但第二天就重返岗位。她说：“我们GCPX作正接受前所未有的挑战，这种时候我不能缺席！ “
同事们心疼她，也只能尽量不让她干体力活。

自疫情防控战在金银潭医院率先打响以来，金银潭医院 GCP机构人员积极响应院号召，取消周末双休，很早就与家人沟通，退了回家的车票，取消与家人团聚的机会，投身于防疫工作。
他们已经连续战斗了 50余天，有时也会互相吐槽：真累啊，好想睡一大觉。但看着确诊病例不断增长，他们心急如焚，这不仅仅是数字，而是一个个如你如我如他的生命，一个个身边的同胞。
每想及此，他们又充满了斗志。他们相信：在全国人民的支援下，湖北、武汉一定能战胜这场疫情；他们相信：经过这场防疫战后的GCP机构，将会为守护人民健康积累丰厚的经验。
医院检验科的坚守

疫情开始的初期，对于病原的性质、毒力、传播等各种信息均不明确，导致很多员工在思想上焦虑，不安全感很严重。医院检验科党支部第一时间召开党员大会，号召全体党员在这个关键时刻出列，每个党员要在工作中成为一面红色的旗帜，在思想上成为一根定海神针。
检验科的管理团队根据专业的生物安全管理，迅即制定了更为严格的通道管理，提高了防护级别，调整检测流程适应高危样本的防护，持续性地开展防护服的规范穿脱程序的培训和检测环节的生物安全培训，严查细节，筑起保护工作人员和工作环境的一道防护墙。
检验科党支部的党员、干部、普通员工从这场战“疫”开始, 就站在了队伍的前列，科主任们把科室管理和员工的安全放在首位；风险高、任务重的岗位，党员先上。

检验科主任项杰从疫情开始就一直奋战在第一线，一直没回家。妻子生病不能照顾，两个孩子见不到父亲，自己身体撑不住也依然坚持工作。
检验科吴志强，夫妻两人都是检验科职工，疫情来临，为了工作，无法照料家里近90岁的老父亲，只好送到养老院。一个多月过去了，老人想儿女想回家，吴志强一次次在电话中安慰老人，挂了电话，自己却难过得直掉泪。
每天要忙到晚上10点多，整理大量的患者信息和核酸检测数据匹配，以保证及时准确地上传给省、市防疫指挥部；平日还要把关领回的防护用品是否适用于实验室的防护级别；对讲机时刻在手边，协调防护区内外的沟通……这是检验科刘婷的工作日常。

马峻本来到了不上夜班的年龄，因为科室根据安全考虑，接二连三有需要隔离观察的同事暂时离岗，马峻主动成为了 “顶班专业户”。
“我考虑了，我相信ICU的同志会照顾好我公公，孩子我送到她姑姑家，就算是刘伟（方国妍爱人）在一线，我也不退二线，我要回来上班”，这是检验科方国妍度过隔离期后的决定。
每一个岗位，都有他们坚守和奋斗的身影。
金银潭抗疫纪事

==Part 9==

第四章
“小人物”的“大故事”
如果说金银潭医院是与疫魔激烈交锋的战区，那么金银潭医院的所有医护人员和员工都是无畏的英雄战士。
然而，医院之夕卜，他们也只是一群普通的“小人物”，有各自的小家需要去操持。面对肆虐的病毒，他们顾全大局、參力力同心，沉着应对、主动作为，用最质朴的坚守、最无私的奉献打响了这场生命至上的保卫战，演绎出一个个感人的“大故事”。
于无声处听惊雷

有一种执着，在惊涛骇浪中弥足珍贵；有一种坚守，在困难逆境中传递温暖。
在抗击新型冠状病毒的伟大斗争中，影像确诊是第一道关口，为提供精准治疗发挥着前置性服务作用，承担着“预警机” 的角色与功能。
放射科便是医院治疗体系的“预警机”，在筛查、诊断、病情评估、疗效评估、出院判断等方面提供重要的参考决策依据O
拍CT、看胸片，是确诊新冠肺炎的关键环节。樊艳青是金银潭医院医技党支部书记，也是放射科主任。从2019年12月底以来，在金银潭医院收治新冠肺炎患者期间，她主动取消了休假，放弃了和家人春节团聚的机会，以院为家，日夜奋战在抗击疫情一线。

疫情形势严峻，樊艳青广泛动员和充分发动科室全体同志取消休假，她并没有豪情壮语，也没有硬性要求，只是简单地一句话“共产党员和同志们，看我的，跟我上！”
朴实而坚定，简洁而有力。在党支部的坚强堡垒带领作用下，医院放射科21名医护人员全部取消休假，其中包括5名党员。他们一力承担起6000多人次的门诊疑似病例、新冠肺炎确诊病例，同时还要负责1000多医护人员的筛查。
樊艳青还承担着大量的一线工作任务。每天坚持到隔离病房为患者做床边胸片，努力克服了工作量大、防护严苛、设备笨重、通讯不便等困难，出色完成了临床诊断要求。平均下来她每天要诊断检查300到400人次，每个CT要看600到900 帧图像。对待每个患者，她都以高度负责的态度，不放过任何的疑问与细节，每个患者资料要反复查看2到3遍，才撰写文字报告。
从疫情开始至今，她的眼睛每天都是酸胀、干涩，布满了血丝。

作为党员，樊艳青充分地发挥了先锋模范带头作用，哪里的任务重，她就带队冲锋到哪里。她以自己的行动和感染力，践行了共产党员的初心和使命。正是有樊艳青这样无数牺牲小我、奋不顾身的共产党员，在平凡岗位中默默奉献，于无声处听惊雷，抗击疫情这场伟大斗争的曙光才能提前到来。
军功章上有你的一半，也有我的一半
“我能想到最浪漫的事，不是和你一起慢慢变老，而是一起在烈火狂风中相互携手，抗击风暴，共同迎接黎明的到来。”
这是金银潭医院南四病区医生余婷和他的妻子——医院护士丁娜的共同心愿。他们以自己的实际行动，在医疗战线上抒写着爱情的动人篇章。

医院南四病区负责着四十多名新冠肺炎患者的治疗工作，其中有不少是重症患者。而南四区的医生总共才有四名，平均每人每天要治疗十多个患者，救治任务是平常工作量的五倍。而且，重症患者思想情绪波动大，病菌传染不可控风险高。
面对着这场艰巨的工作任务，余婷首先考虑的却是带动妻子一起来投身于这场伟大的斗争中。他们一起妥善安排好家里的事务，克服困难，第一个批次报名，第一个批次写请战书，第一个批次站在阵地的最前线。
余婷每天坚持到病房巡查、诊断。防护装备穿戴下来，要花费不少时间。他为了节约时间与装备，一进病房就是四五个小时。逐床问诊，对症下药，心理辅导，加油鼓劲，不仅从药物上治疗患者，还从心理上给重症患者以生的希望和春天般的温暖O

他的妻子丁娜，也全身心地投入到病房的护理工作中去，一丝不苟、兢兢业业，常常忙得连饭也顾不上吃。两口子一天下来，汗水浸湿衣背，水汽弥漫面罩，手上的动作不再敏捷，脚步不再有力，脸上被口罩压出了深深的痕迹。忙碌的背后，余婷与丁娜两人经常一天见不上一面，只能在休息时间打个电话互相问候、相互勉励。但他们都彼此约定，待到樱花烂漫时，两人一起去赏花，去品尝胜利的喜悦。
因为，“军功章上有你的一半，也有我的一半！”
不能守护的家人
2020年2月3日，如同往常一样，医生王珂和护士赵欣刚结束繁忙而紧张的抢救工作。当晚有2个患者病情危重不稳定，他们一直忙碌于诊治，待写完抢救记录，时针已指向凌晨 3点。当晚，本不是

王珂值班，是他主动要求参与抢救危重患者。
不仅仅是这次，平素工作中他也是如此。
时间回溯至2020年的1月20 0,接到紧急通知，当晚就要腾空病房收治新冠肺炎患者。疫情就是命令，金银潭医院结核病科第三党支部紧急撤离一批患者,布置病房，研究实施方案, 一直忙到晚上10点，终于为收治新冠肺炎患者创造好完备的环境条件。
作为一名党员，44岁的王珂，顾不上疲惫，积极请战，开始收治第一批患者，到当天凌晨3点金银潭医院结核病科第三党支部总共收治31个患者，仅王珂一人就收治了 10多个患者。
脱下防护服的那一刻，他的衣服已被汗水湿透，脸颊上也被压出深深的褶痕。

在接下来的工作中，他总是不顾危险，率先冲在最前面：积极要求接管病情比较危重的患者；主动要求参加危重患者的抢救工作；危重患者转科时，积极进病房帮忙搬运吸氧设备和呼吸机……
只要有需要，随处都可以看到他的身影。在承担患者救治工作之余，他还要协助完成治疗新冠肺炎的临床研究项目，利用休息时间采集和处理住院患者的临床医疗信息，频繁下病房去询问、了解患者病情。除去吃饭和睡觉的时间，他的生活被安排得满满当当，全身心扑在治病救人工作上。
不幸的是，这期间他的小姨被确诊患有新冠肺炎。然而，在疫情紧张的局面下，医院仍有许多重患需要救治，治疗项目也亟待突破。几番思量，他选择忍痛留守在没有硝烟，却异乎残酷的战场上，没能去看小姨一眼，只是通过电话交代了一些注意事项。由于病情危重，他的小姨很快去世了。接到电话通知的那一刻，这个大个头男人眼里都是泪水，他抢救了那么多患者，唯独自己的亲人需要他守护时，却不能出现在身边……

仅仅过了数日，他的妹妹也被确诊，好在妹妹年轻，病情也比较轻，他却也只能借助电话向妹妹传达问候和关心。
“家是最小国，国是千万家”。多少这样平凡的白衣战士心甘情愿舍小家为众人筑起一道抗疫的长城，只为这场疫情防控阻击战能早日胜利，只盼彼时冬去春来，雪消冰释。
那个蹒跚的身影
2017年8月一2018年8月赴藏对口援建工作第一批成员。
2019年2月由于临时加开北五楼病区并腾空原有北六楼结核病区收治流感患儿，大大缓解其他科室收治压力。
2020年1月1日接管南六楼新冠肺炎病区，1月19日将南六楼改造成为ICUo
这是陈南山近三年的工作轨迹。他的身份在临床医生、援藏队员、病区主任之间无缝转换。

作为金银潭医院耐药病区的科主任，他的每一个亲切的笑脸，每一个鼓励的眼神，每一句温暖的问候语，每一个细微的动作，对于耐药患者都是一味对症的良药。
陈南山从事医疗事业三十多年来，无论是在行政管理，还是临床医疗的岗位上，都是兢兢业业，刻苦钻研，得到了患者的赞誉、同事的好评。他有着良好的职业道德、严谨的工作态度、很强的综合分析能力，非常重视诊疗过程中的心理疏通，关注患者心理变化。
随着新冠肺炎危重症患者收治越来越多，1月19日医院决定将南六楼从普通病房改造成为ICU,从人员分配、环境布查完房从病房里出来的陈南山。

陈南山穿戴防护装备。（第四章图片除有特殊说明外均为武汉市金银潭医院供图）

仪器设备到一张床一把椅，陈南山带领大家动了起来，一边收治危重患者，一边改造，仅花了两天半时间把整个病区改造成功。

他身体力行，每天不管多忙多累都坚持下病房，详细查看每一位患者，掌握患者的病情变化，半夜突发状况比较多时他就干脆睡在医院。
陈南山已年近六旬，高血压、痛风症常年折磨着他，同事从他走路的样子就能看出他痛风又犯了。
数十天的坚守，他没有豪言壮语，没有遗书遗言，没有光头明志，只有那略弯着腰、微弓着背的蹒跚身影深深印在同事和患者的脑海中。
哪有什么生而勇敢，

只是因为选择了无畏
从2019年12月底开始，医院检验科已满负荷地工作2个多月了。检验科入职不久的“小朋友们”，有的刚当上父亲，有的还是奶奶最疼爱的孙女，然而，只要穿上白大褂，他们瞬间就化身为勇敢而无畏的战士。
何旭，生化组，2017年入职。
何旭每天要穿梭在三台生化仪旁，检测几百例样本、几十个项目。
他说，刚开始，因为对这个病毒到底是什么、怎样传、毒力怎样都未知，想着家里又有老人又有小孩，还是挺担心的。后来随着科室的防护措施一步步提升到位，科室不断地给大家做生物安全培训，各方面细节都涉及了，心里有底了，开始逐渐踏实下来。
对何旭来讲，最大的动力之一，莫过于家里人的支持，他的妻子带孩子住在岳母那里，老人把孩子照顾得很好，免了他的后顾之忧。有时下夜班，何旭会帮家里买点菜，把冰箱塞满。

何旭在工作中（右图左一为何旭）。

“我只能做这些，不敢在家久待，所以对家人挺愧疚的。” 何旭说。
闫明哲，分子生物组，2019年入职。
闫明哲负责病毒核酸检测。1米9的小伙子，笑起来还像个腼腆的大男孩，儿子才出生3个月。
闫明哲说，刚开始还是有点害怕的，不过“这就是我们的责任啊，不能退”。尤其看到外省的医务人员不远千里一拨一拨地赶来支援，看到私家车司机自发地守在医院门口接送医务人员，他在心里想，除了加倍地做好工作，哪有理由退缩。

这段时间以来，闫明哲最想感谢的还是自己的妻子。虽然闫明哲父母帮着妻子一起带宝宝，可好多方面，妻子都得去适应，“挺难为她的”。宝宝后来发湿疹，也不方便带到医院去看, 只能干着急。
有时候，闫明哲挺想回去一下，但疫情防控需要，闫明哲只能隔着玻璃看看宝宝，“儿子现在还不会找我……”
吴煙，临检组，2019年入职。
吴哗本来准备今年结婚，疫情暴发后，头发都没时间去剪，婚纱照就更没时间去拍了。
吴煙说，刚开始也害怕，特别是身边有熟悉的人感染，但是科室的防护工作做得很细致，“老师和前辈们没有一个人退缩，我也就安下心了”。

何柳、张媛媛，微生物组，分别于2011年和2018年入职。
疫情一开始，何柳就将自己在医院附近的房子让给了科室的两个老师居住，她说：“江老师和刘老师家里都是几代同堂，住得又远，让她们住我家，她们的家人就少些风险。”
何柳平时话少，却贴心地为老师们备好了洗手液、洗发水。
自从科室提高防护级别后，有些风险高的项目就挪到了 P2 实验室内完成。每天张媛媛和何柳在江丽萍老师的带领下，在 P2实验室里一待就是三四个小时。张媛媛说：“科室老师们都是这样在工作，我和她们在一起，不怕。”

刘梦元，临检组，2019年入职。
刘梦元说，刚开始也会害怕，后来看着科室生物安全管理非常严格，各个环节、各个细节都注意到，一遍遍地培训，也就不怕了。“在我们科室里，我感觉最安全。有时爸爸妈妈打电话时，我就跟他们讲，我们怎么做防护的，让他们放心。” 刘梦元说，有时老师们从实验室出来后，一起说说话，开开玩笑, 就感觉很轻松，心里很踏实。
一副副年轻的脸庞，一个个瘦小的身躯。哪有什么生而勇敢, 只是因为选择了无畏。
在金银潭医院检验科这群90后的年轻人眼里，这次疫情是考验，是锻炼，是个人难忘的一次成长。他们从检验科严谨的生物安全管理措施和持续的培训中，获得了安全感；从科主任率先垂范的行为中生发了责任感；从前辈老师们乐观、坚韧的精神中获得了坚持下去的力量；从科室和同事们的关怀中得到心灵上的安慰。
累，但是值得!

吴婷是金银潭医院综合二楼护士。作为一名有着近七年工作经验的一线护士，面对疫情，吴婷深知，穿上白袍，就等于选择了责任与使命，作为医护工作者,救死扶伤是工作更是责任, 抗击疫情责无旁贷。
2019年冬季的流感暴发，吴婷所在的科室作为流感病房，承担着小儿流感及各类感染性疾病的收治工作，每天出入量都在50人次左右，正是这样一个无比团结、和谐的队伍在坚持，并将继续坚持着，从未落后过，也从未放弃过。
自1月19日开始收治疑似病例以来，金银潭医院上下同心同德，全力投入救治工作。隔离病区的医护人员更是日夜奋战在疫情防控第一线。
1月19日，吴婷所在科室接到医院通知，清空病房，全体搬迁至南三楼收治新冠肺炎患者，科室同事集体报名加班，做好病房的布置工作。老病房和新病房的处理在科主任和护士长的带领下，进行得有条不紊。

吴婷记得，当天她上夜班就收治了 18个患者。新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎这样一个新病种，当时对于她们来说还有点陌生，但是大家都经过医院的严格培训，并且有禽流感救治的经验，所以很快就进入了角色。
1月26日，又接到医院通知，科室护士全体搬迁至综合楼二楼，大家又积极报名改造和布置病房、清洁区、潜在污染物、污染区等等。
这些细小的工作看似简单，做起来却并不容易，但吴婷和同事们经过科学的考虑，科室布局都符合院感（医院感染管理）的要求，至今为止，吴婷所在的科室无一例医护人员感染。
1月26日晚上，吴婷和同事就接收了 30个新患者。接收后，医生立即分类，护士马上报总值班。医生们按轻重缓急有条不紊地处理患者；护士们测生命体征、吸氧、输液等等，穿梭于患者之间。医护之间争分夺秒、配合默契，一直到次日凌晨3点，才将所有患者处理完毕。
处理完患者，又开始处理病房，因为没有卫生员，这时护士不仅只是护士，还是清洁工、患者的家属等等，承担着各种角色，但大家没有一句怨言。

从流感到肺炎，吴婷和同事几乎没有休息过，“累，但是也很快乐，因为正做着一件很伟大的事情。”
“哪有不怕的，说不怕是假的。”但是在病房里，每当看到患者的意志力是如此之顽强，听到患者每天给大家打气，为武汉加油，为自己加油，吴婷觉得一切都是值得的。
吴婷觉得，正如钟南山院士所说，“武汉本来就是一座很英雄的城市，有全国、有大家的支持，武汉肯定能过关。”
一名医者的担当
中午，值班室里，大家陆陆续续吃完了午餐，郑汉丹医生这才顶着湿漉漉的头发过来，问有没有多余的盒饭，她要带一份给家中的孩子。
她的儿子今年上高中，自理能力不错，为什么今天要送饭回去？
原来郑汉丹今天夜班，查完房她要把家中唯一的汽车开回去，这样的话，晚上她爱人就可以开车送郑医生的母亲去武汉中心医院南京路院区做透析。

郑汉丹医生是金银潭医院的一名普通医生，一直从事传染病的临床诊治工作。她的父母也是医疗战线工作者，父亲是金银潭医院退休的老院长，已85岁高龄；母亲是武汉市中心医院妇产科退休的老主任，5年前因为糖尿病、肾病开始就近在武汉市中心医院后湖院区透析，郑汉丹需要经常过去照顾。
郑汉丹自己患有哮喘，常年使用药物控制发作，她爱人曾俊在武汉市疾病预防控制中心工作。2003年的非典战役，郑汉丹参加过，儿子也是那一年出生。没想到17年后，金银潭医院作为武汉市首批收治新冠肺炎危重患者的定点医院，她又一次投入到了新的战场上，肩上的职责丝毫未变。
从疫情开始，他们夫妻不分昼夜，在各自的岗位上奔波忙碌，没有多少精力顾及家庭。所幸的是刚上高一的儿子自理能力强，做饭洗衣等驾轻就熟，因为父母特殊的工作岗位，孩子早已磨砺出来，这段时间一直都是独自一人在家自己照顾自己。

最让郑汉丹担心的是母亲年老体弱，透析治疗已有5年，近期因为疫情越来越严峻，原来做透析的武汉市中心医院后湖院区临时改为收治新冠肺炎患者，透析需换到离家较远的武汉市中心医院南京路院区，加上母亲因脑梗造成双下肢瘫痪，每周3次的透析无奈减至2次。
按现有情况，必须靠车辆接送才能完成透析。夫妻俩单位——父母家——透析中心，往返奔波，为了交接唯一的交通工具——私家车，夫妻俩人才能见个面，说几句话。为了工作，她和医生商量，母亲的透析时间安排在晚上8时至12时，每次透析结束，都是凌晨才能安顿好父母，次日又要投入到忙碌的工作中。
在这场看不见硝烟的战争中，所有家庭都面临着各种困难，经受着各种考验，但是为了人民的健康和幸福，郑汉丹和她的同事们“舍小家，顾大家”，以医务工作者的责任和担当，义无反顾地投入到抗击新冠肺炎的阻击战中。他们的付出，是众志成城打赢疫情防控阻击战的坚实基础。
“一点都不害怕那是假话，但也容不得我们害怕”

“一点都不害怕那是假话，但也容不得我们害怕。”已经从业13年，31岁的金银潭医院南七楼重症监护室护士马丹说。
“现在是每天都要进去，排班就像车轮一样不断往前滚。” 马丹当天的排班是晚上11点到凌晨4点。她们科室总共40 多个护士，7至8个人为一个班组，每个班进去一次就是5个小时。
马丹的老公是一名货运火车司机，疫情发生后，他也一直坚守在岗位，调运货物。夫妻俩4岁的儿子现在特别“可怜”，成了留守儿童，都是家里老人帮忙在带。
马丹唯一一次回家是1月30日，原因是86岁奶奶去世。但那天她和爱人仅仅是回家看了一眼就走了，没有多逗留。疫情笼罩之下，奶奶过世，没有几个亲人相送，没有一个花圈，在马丹的记忆中没见过哪个老人去世时，走得这么悲凉。
马丹回忆，2019年12月29日首批转入金银潭医院的9名不明原因肺炎患者就是进了她们科室。“当时还不清楚是什么病毒，我当时在武汉市的其他医院进修，然后看到工作群里说，
突然转入不明肺炎患者，我就说我要回来，不能抛下同事。第二天一早我就回到了工作岗位。”

“一点都不害怕那是假话，但也容不得我们害怕。”马丹说，她参加过禽流感、甲流的疫情防控工作。
“我觉得本来就是传染病专科医院，如果我们都不顶上去，那还等谁，还能指着谁，这是我们的专业，我们不能退缩！”
在重症室，患者的生活起居、大小便等全部要护士来帮忙。
马丹的病房里十多个重症患者，最轻松的时候，一个护士也要管2—3个患者。“在那里面的压力是很大的，患者都是全院最病重的，抢救、用药都很急，我们时时刻刻都要面临可能出现的抢救工作，节奏很快很紧张，强度很大，神经绷得很紧。”
“科室护士长从疫情发生就没有回过家，天天守在病房，她连酒店都没有回过，她要守着患者做ECMO （体外膜肺氧合），做完了她就直接在病房休息。”马丹回忆，有一天工作完了之后护士长流鼻血了，就捂着鼻子，搞了个氧气在那里吸氧，即使这样了也不离开岗位。护士长和女儿视频，经常是对着手机躲在一边哭。“有了她的带动，我们才有坚持下来的动力。”马丹说。

马丹所在科室在疫情中相互鼓励。

“爸爸每天早上五六点的时候给我发一篇心灵鸡汤文章，慰问一下我和同事，鼓励我。” 一直在前线坚守的马丹，最感恩的是家里的爸爸妈妈和婆婆的支持，“特别是我爸爸，他是一个老党员，他认为遇到这个事情，国家需要我，我能参与是我的责任，也是我的光荣，他以我为傲，每天在微信鼓励我。”
马丹说，她的婆婆不善言语，但让她特别安心。婆婆跟她说：“我帮你把孩子带好，你安心在前线工作！”

“每个人做好自己的事情，就是对疫情防控最大的帮助。” 马丹说，只希望自己能尽最大的能力，救治每一个患者，让疫情快点结束。

==Part 10==
不只是在疫情中才是战士
46岁的金银潭医院南四病区护士长吴静，已经从业28年。
从1月1日开始投入这场战“疫”，腾退病房，做好准备，2

是一个没有硝烟的战场！不计报
,无论生死！这八个字朴实无华，却是每位医护人员的职业道德和信念的写照！十多天来，我亲身经历了这战场发生的一切，医生、护士、医务人员冒着生命危险，穿着厚重且不甚透气的防护服，24小时奋战在病床一线。为了节约时间, 他们走路都是一路小跑......看着他们一个个疲惫的样子，我心疼的流泪 To （说实话，我自己都没有为我生这场病流泪！）我无法用语言来表达对这些医生、护士的敬畏之心！通过这次疫灾，我深切体会到身为中国人是有满满的安全感、幸福感的！感谢习主席、感谢党中央、感谢武汉市政府、感谢金银潭医院及南四楼的余主任和所有的护士，让我携起手来共同努力，坚决战胜侵袭武汉的新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎，坚决打赢疫情防控战！加油武活、治疗上的事全部都是护士来管。护士穿着防护服后行动会变慢，防护服里很闷，动一下就会大喘气。
当时情况就是“今天排明天的班，后面三天四天的班就排不下去了，非常缺人。我着急得都快哭了！”
后来人手多了些，吴静抽出时间回了趟家。
“我走的时候，家里人只说让我放心，工作之余方便的时候报个平安。”
吴静的科室护理团队里很多都是年轻的姑娘，28个护士，
90后占了 80%。“这些小丫头其实也都有各自的困难，心里也害怕，但觉悟都很高，不用安排她们去做什么，她们已经主动在做了。从来不叫苦，从来不讲条件。”

吴静所在科室的护士们合影，相互加油鼓劲
初期，吴静最担心的还是防护用品，自己都保护不了，怎么去保护别人。
“我们病区最小的护士才22岁。让人家在这么危险的环境工作，必须先保证她们的安全，也能更好照顾患者。”
吴静说，由于防护服是连体的，没有口袋，护士巡视输液时需要签名，笔、对讲机等小件物品没地方放。为了工作方便，科室护士的爸爸妈妈亲手帮她们做了
“爱心腰包”，吴静还在上面画上了笑脸，鼓励患者和医护人员都要乐观面对。
在吴静眼里，没有觉得自己是个战士，就是做好本职工作, “不管什么样的患者我们都要救助，不只是在疫情中才是战士, 平时的工作做好也是战士。”
宁愿穿纸尿裤干活，
也不愿离岗的大男人
金银潭医院工程部维修班副班长肖剑池怎么也想不到，46 岁身强体壮的自己，也会有穿上成人纸尿裤的一天。
但即便如此，他也从没想过退下抗疫一线，“病房里的事情要做啊，班长由于密切接触新冠肺炎患者被隔离,我是个党员，事事更要带头做！”
抗疫前线，肖剑池不愿缺席，哪怕突发痔疮，给工作和生活带来了各种不便。
2月12日，刚刚从医院综合4病区和5病区装完紫外线消毒灯回来的肖剑池接到电话：“北七病区15床跳闸，麻烦来看看。”来不及喝口水，他就和同事一起赶往北七病区。考虑到防护物资紧缺和维修难度，他让同事先在清洁区等候，自己穿好防护服进了病房。首先接上临时电源，保障医疗设备用电，再查找原因，近1米8身高的他，蹲在这里看看，趴在那里瞧瞧，终于在患者床下发现了原因，“重症患者小便失禁，尿液把设备的电源插座打湿烧坏了。”
处理完故障回到科室后，肖剑池疼得身上直冒冷汗，他换下工作服后径直去了厕所,这才发现内衣全部被血水打湿。原来, 长时间的蹲姿诱发了痔疮。
“怎么办？班长还没有结束隔离，这种特殊时期我肯定不能下火线！”他突然想到前段时间有爱心企业捐赠了成人纸尿裤，“我们要进病房工作，时间长了，穿个纸尿裤方便些。” 于是他找护士要了一包，由于拿着一包纸尿裤回去，“目标” 太明显，他只拿了一个，偷偷去厕所穿上，然后又去开了点痔疮膏。
后来，肖剑池想着纸尿裤穿着方便，但在男厕所里太过显眼, 他就用卫生纸代替了纸尿裤。每次需要更换卫生纸了，他边揪卫生纸边跟同事说拉肚子，就这样偷偷换了3天的卫生纸。突然有一天，同事发现哪怕再辛苦再累，肖剑池回来后也不坐着，经多次询问，无奈之下，他“坦白” 了，因为疼痛，一旦坐下来, 起身很困难，必须扶着凳子才能起身，所以他宁愿站着。
为保证后勤保障工作有条不紊，肖剑池主动顶替被隔离的班长上夜班。最长时间，他连续值了 2个夜班，工作超过48个小时，“虽然疼得火辣辣，但是问心无愧。”肖剑池说。
背后的她
优秀的共产党员，唯有在生动艰苦的工作实践中，方能显现出身上可贵的品质。作为金银潭医院财务科党支部书记、审计科长，李斌迅速地调整心态，投入到这场史无前例的抗击疫情的伟大斗争中。
这次疫情金银潭医院承担着新冠肺炎重症、危重症患者救治的任务，病毒传染风险一度令人谈之色变。入院患者没有家属陪护，生活自理能力差，需要医院提供全方位的生活保障服务。
李斌直面疫情，有序应对，在领导的布置下，主动承担起每天三餐给患者送饭到传递窗口，为病区运送消毒药品、办公物资等任务。病区内的医生与护士均为最高等级防护，每次送饭、送物资前，她都缜密地多方协调，科学有序做好隔离消毒和防护等各个环节，严格把关后勤保障供应的质量，在约定时间给患者提供营养可口、舒适温暖的后勤保障服务。李斌知道，患者营养有了保证，治疗效果才能确保。
医院行政管理人员一般都没有经过系统的医护专业培训，没有烈性传染环境中自我防护的专业技能与设备，普遍会产生一定的心理恐慌与畏惧情绪。李斌及时发现了这些情绪与苗头，她没有死板的说教，也没有严苛的命令，而是将自己的心得体会、成功做法、防护经验毫无保留地与大家分享，以自身的实际行动带动大家，发动大家正确认识病疫，普及科学防护的常识与要点，增强大家的信心。
小小身体里的巨大能量
李向蓉，是南一楼的一名普通护士。她爱笑，似乎没有什么事在她那里是过不去的，无论多忙，多累，同事们总是可以看见她欢快的小身影，快乐的小步伐。
疫情袭来，李向蓉冷静地安排了自己的家人，把婆婆和两岁三个月的儿子送回了老家，同时叮嘱好老公每一件注意事项，然后默默地收拾好了自己的行李，上了战场。家人们都很支持她的决定，同为党员的公公跟她说：“作为一个党员，在这个时候你一定要起到带头作用,冲在最前面！家里的一切你放心, 保护好自己，才能更好地为人民服务！”婆婆也是跟她立下了 “军令状”：“你安心去战斗，等你凯旋归来，我保证你儿子又长胖了好几斤！”
厚厚的防护服，层层的口罩与隔离衣，每天都汗如雨下，连说话都困难，走快一点都觉得喘不上气，可是她从没有说一句累，没有丝毫的退缩之意，依然“健步如飞”。
只要患者有需要，她总是用最快的速度来到他们面前解决所有的问题。喂饭、翻身、倒便盆尿壶等等，所有的脏活累活她从不挑剔，像对待自己的亲人一样，每一件事都尽心尽力。遇到不想吃饭的患者，她总是耐心地劝他们，一口一口地哄他们吃，患者们都说自己的亲孙女都不见得有她那么仔细照顾人。
遇到一些不听话、不配合治疗的患者，她气急了也会“凶”，生气地跟他们说“再这样我就不管你们了！”可是当真的有事时，她还是狠不下心，说不管的是她，冲在最前面的也是她。
李向蓉每天都充满了正能量，用同事的话说，像“打了鸡血” 一样，像个铁人，什么都打不倒她。
有一天，李向蓉接到了家里打来的电话。挂了电话，她飞快地跑到一个角落，号啕大哭。等她情绪稳定了一点后，同事们才知道，原来她的儿子已经生病好几天了，高烧不退，不吃不喝，家里人怕她担心，没敢告诉她，后来实在是瞒不住，孩子情况越来越不好，家里人也不知道该怎么办了，才给她打的电话。
领导说放她几天假，让她回去看看孩子，她没有拒绝。可到了下午，她又找到领导，说不回去了，“孩子有家里人照顾，这里更需要我！”所幸，几天后，孩子恢复了健康。笑容又回到了李向蓉的脸上。
新冠肺炎疫情下的耐药之战
2019年12月29日，武汉市金银潭医院打响了抗击新冠肺炎病毒的第一枪，随之所有病房清空，举全院之力收治新冠肺炎重症、危重症患者，800余名医务人员进入战疫一线，作为湖北省耐药定点医院、耐药定点培训基地，医院耐药结核病区也在2020年1月21日进入了一场新的战斗。
全市封城，交通不便，门诊有限，就诊困难，有些疾病可以等，但耐药结核病患者等不了。耐药患者一旦停药，就会导致情况更加恶化，治疗方案更加复杂，诱发并发症，进而使整个“耐药之战”功亏一簧，严重时甚至危及生命。
为了让耐药结核病患者不停药，保证疗程，减少新冠肺炎对疾病的影响，金银潭医院耐药病区医生周勇、护士长贾春敏带领咨询员在保证新冠肺炎患者的救治工作的前提下，利用休息时间，提供24小时线上问诊、心理疏导、信息登记、快递药品等志愿服务，累计服务患者350余人，快递药品近100份。
询问、记录、安抚，根据患者需求，医护人员首先登记好患者的姓名、年龄、手机号、收货地址等信息，交由周勇进行完善。随后，贾春敏拿着信息统一去挂号、开处方、缴费、拿药，取出药物后按要求分类消毒打包，再一个个写上名字，之后寄
给患者。
因为封城，出行成了大难题，患者进不来，药品也出不去，为了能让这些沉甸甸的希望送到患者手上，志愿服务队的队员们利用下班时间去联系快递公司。一家不送，再找一家。一处碰壁，再碰~处。
一次，护士谢家强好不容易寄出的快递，由于封城被扣在快递公司，身高不到1米6、刚下夜班的她担心药品丢失，在寒风中骑行7公里，历时一个半小时，终于把药取回，并经过多家辗转，最终寄出了这些药物。
志愿服务队的队员最终也感动了快递师傅，主动来院取药、寄药。
抗击新冠肺炎的战“疫”还未结束，这场耐药之战仍在继续。
一名护士长的抗疫实录
我是武汉市金银潭医院南二病区护士长胡徐娟，从“武汉不明原因肺炎” 2019年12月29日流传以来，至元宵节，整整 41天，我和我的很多战友没有休息。
我们真的很累，但是身处一线，如果不继续奋战，那我们的意义又是什么？
连续在一线作战，持续的高强度高负荷工作让我们医护人员喘不过气，但看着躺在床上的患者那渴望被治好的眼神，我们一次又一次给自己打气，继续站在危险的第一线。
今天的我，回头再看，从那天起，我们其实已经走进了一场全球瞩目的巨大疫情之中。谁也没曾想到25天后的1月23 日武汉封城，紧随着湖北省内13个城市逐步停掉公共交通，进而全国各个城市卷入其中。
从12月底到1月初的那一周里，医院收治类似的患者越来越多，由于病情性质的特殊，重症患者较多，对于医护人员的防护级别和病房的要求越来越高。我们不断地新开病房，由于时间紧，对病房的要求高，一天的时间我们就得把一个普通病房改造成类似ICU模式的重症病房，其间辛苦，难以言表。
没有具体的时间，我们就已经走在了疫情抗战的第一线。
谁也没曾想到，会持续至今，且形势愈演愈烈。
面对不断增加的患者，人员不足开始显现。1月11 EJ ,医院发布通知，即日起取消休息，全员上班，但是在不断转院进来的患者面前，我们开始了连轴转的状态，上完白班跟着上中班，上完中班继续上夜班。
1月的武汉进入到一年最冷的时节，而我们在密不透风的防护服里，衣服从未干过，患者身边各种监护仪器此起彼伏的报警声让我们无暇顾及额头的汗水，当走出病房脱下防护服，全身衣物早已被汗水浸透。
在连续作战的日子里，我们负伤却依旧前行，我们不敢倒下，因为面前还有更多需要我们去救助的人，我们肩上挑着责任，背负着使命，我们要为武汉加油！

金银潭医护人员脱下防护服后，全身衣物早已被汗水浸透

医护人员脸上被勒出深深的印痕。

每一次诳病房前，医护人员都会测重体温和血氧饱和度.然后认真地记录下来
医护人员在病房合影鼓劲一
两伯医护人员在迸病房前相互整理防护报.
这是医护人员繁重工作的一个“小角落

金银潭医院迎来来自祖国四面八方的医疗队的支援。

在疫情愈发严重后，武汉受到了全国的关注，而作为重中之重的武汉金银潭医院，我们得到了四面八方的支援。有本市的、上海的、福建的、吉林的、重庆的。我们的护理团队从十几人变成20多人。这一刻我们看到了国家的力量。
尽管来了多方支援，可是在面对科室30多个患者，近20 个危重患者，经常一个患者就得两个人操作时，我们20来人的护理团队仍然有点力不从心。
由于此次疫情在春节期间，加上后来多方的宣传，疫情也得到了全民的重视，在防护层面来说是好事，然而也为医院带来了一些困扰，比如医院的保洁和保安陆续走了，甚至连食堂的阿姨也走了。

从四面八方，从全国各地，温暖源源不断
吃的、喝的、用的、穿的，凡是能想到的，爰心人士
都想方设法送到金银潭医院医护人员手上。

位叔叔和阿姨留了下来，和我们一起战斗，她们体谅我们的辛苦, 我们也感恩他们的付出。
了保障我们的生活，医院行政的领导们每天在楼下为我们派饭，运送防护物资。我见过党委书记来病房清理垃圾，见过院长会没开完就哭了，见过院办、党办主任每天帮着送物资，见过工会主席每天给患者送饭，我还见到了我的同事们因为压力太大而哭泣
爱，一直都在。此时的我们知道，我们不是独自战斗，全国人民的心和我们在一起。

==Part 11==
金银潭白衣战士群像

乐观、坚强的金银潭医护人员。

这群可爱的白衣天使，远比我们想象的能干，修厕所、修灯管，都不在话下

乐观、坚强的金银潭医护人员。
金银潭抗疫纪事

第五章
并肩战斗
新冠肺炎疫情肆虐，武汉市金银潭医院作为湖北省、武汉市突发公共卫生事件医疗救治定点医院，第一时间冲在最前沿。全体医务人员毫不畏惧，超负荷坚守岗位，迎难而上，逆风而行。
一方有难，八方支援，在疫情防控的严峻形势下，各地医疗队紧急驰援。战“疫”的战场上，他们与金银潭医院的医护人员并肩作战，使得新冠肺炎患者的诊疗质量得到大大提升，挽救了一条条生命。
我们要更加坚定要竭尽所能
位重症医学医师的“武汉六日记”
时时面对夕匕亡，每次都要尽最大努力！从诞生之日起，重症医学就与抢救生命密不可分。作为奉命驰援武汉诸多重症医学医师中的一位，首都医科大学宣武医院重症医学科主任姜利 1月26日清晨抵达武汉后即进入这次疫情的“暴风眼”——武汉市金银潭医院，坚守至今。
连日来，这位从事危重病医学临床工作27年、参与救治危重症患者数千例、在急性呼吸窘迫综合征等方面积累了丰富临床经验的重症医学医师坚守一线，也坚持写下了 “武汉日记”。
第一天1月26日
到达武汉市金银潭医院：一个一个地梳理患者
一夜火车，早晨7:48到达武昌火车站。费了些周折联系到接站人员，到达驻地武汉会议中心，路上几乎没有车辆和行人。安顿好后，和东南大学附属中大医院党委副书记邱海波、首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院副院长童朝晖、北京协和医院重症医学科（ICU ）主任杜斌，以及几位各地来的ICU医生一起到达武汉市金银潭医院。我和杜斌教授今天去的南六病区，是由普通病房改造的ICU病房。部分患者病情危重，还有一些是不稳定的。病区的工作人员来自不同地区、不同医院，专业背景各异，大家认真把管床方式与流程进行了梳理，重新分工，接下来就是一个一个地梳理患者。在穿好防护服进入病区后，人就不能轻易出来，里面的一片纸也不能带出来，和非传染病房的工作方式有很大不同。大半天时间就这样过去了，对要处理的患者也有了初步印象。
第二天1月27日
内外配合逐渐开始默契
病房早交班是7：55O驻地离医院大概十来公里，所以一早赶过去。南方天气阴冷。昨夜有患者去世，心中涌上来的悲伤，让我们更加坚定要竭尽所能。今天开始早晚双查房制，为夜班排除隐患，减少可以避免的抢救。我们管理的9名患者中，5 名重症、3名危重，低氧程度远较普通肺炎严重。ICU医生多花时间在床旁，而金银潭医院的医生帮助完成开医嘱和记病程的工作，内外配合逐渐开始默契。又把整理好的一部分工作流程贴在病区和治疗室的墙上，让大家执行时简单易行。
第三天1月28日
个子不高的男护士：像病房里的一个“稳压器”
依旧是在阴冽的清晨到达医院。今天我们组有两个“大活”，一名肾衰患者要做血液净化，另外一名则要进行最危险的操作一一气管插管。看完患者后，几位医生兵分两路，分别去处理血液净化和气管插管。有了前几次的经验，我们提前把需要的药品事先准备好。不料喉镜又出了问题，在等待新喉镜的过程中，一位个子不高的男护士引起我的注意，他手法娴熟，一个多余的动作都没有，活干得让人看着极其舒服，操作的同时还不停地安慰一旁新来的护士和屋子里焦虑的患者，像病房里的一个“稳压器”。喉镜和负压吸引装置终于来了。管床的小伙子义无反顾地戴上防护头套，像个勇士一样完成了危险的操作，淡然镇静。
午饭时，发现医院宣教中心的老师给我做了个小视频，被学生发到网上。从下午到晚上,涌来了雪片般的问候，家人、朋友、同学、同事，认识的、不认识的……心中暖暖的。
第四天1月29日
作为同行，这时候能做的唯有鼓励
早晨一过去，得知夜间又有一名患者去世，多少有些沮丧。然而，宝贵时间更要留给活着的人。穿防护服时又被告知，防护用品很紧张，进去一次一定要多完成一些工作。但是，ICU 患者的病情瞬息万变，在外面中心台看着像过山车一样的生命体征，恨不得马上到床旁看看究竟发生了什么。然而，现实不允许这么做，只有一遍一遍拿着对讲机，和里面的护士们反复沟通，想办法找到原因并纠正。
下午得到通知，去另外一家医院会诊及看望一名医生，才 40岁，他因为病情加重，又和夫人双双染病，很是焦虑。我们看了他的病历资料和肺部CT,心里不免又一沉。好在视频通话时，他居然可以连续说话，不太费劲。作为同行，这时候能做的唯有鼓励。而作为外科医生，40岁正是干事的年龄，希望这把“手术刀”能够保有锐利。
第五天1月30日
每个人的防护服上都写着名字和“加油”
刚踏进病区门，就被护士长拉住，说有个小护士喘得不行，让我过去看看。脸上还是外科口罩，就麻烦护士长拿了个 N95,我走进护士值班室。1991年出生的小姑娘一边喘一边哭，还在打电话，情绪很激动。我先摸了摸，不烧，心里大概有点数了。算算这姑娘比我女儿只大几岁，能够想象她所承受的压力和恐惧。跟护士长商量后，安排这姑娘休息，查个咽拭子再扫个CT,都是阴性，就踏实了。
因为插管上机的患者多了，进病房前和护士长达成共识，加强气道管理和其他重症常规护理。进病房后，又看到了一些新面孔，每个人的防护服上都写着名字和“加油”，都是各地来支援的ICU护士，日间的工作流程明显顺畅了许多。中午，几个情况不太好的患者都逐渐趋于稳定，连日阴天后太阳出来 T,大家都心情大好。而好事成双的时候就更令人鼓舞。我们拿到了一箱可视喉镜和一次性叶片，使得这项高危操作的时间得以缩短。
临下班前得知，90后姑娘没发烧，肺部CT也没问题。希望姑娘能顺利回家。
第六天1月31日
昨天所有的患者都还在
昨天下午到晚上，一共转进来3名患者，都是一进门就气
管插管和复苏。值班的周医生来自湖北荆门，年纪不小了，很担心这一夜的工作会让他吃不消。他见到我后很“得意”地说，昨天所有的患者都还在，这是几天来的第一次呢。外科出身的周医生活干得漂亮，昨天给一个下肢皮肤切开减压的患者换药，好好地露了一手。查完房出来已近中午。吃完饭走到院外，阳光洒到身上暖洋洋的，很难得。
回来不久，一位老年患者病情突然恶化，冲进去穿衣服时护士告诉我，别穿黄色的，不透气，还帮助我完美地完成防护，心里很是感动，在床旁协助我的医生完成气管插管和深静脉置管，镇静镇痛。出来后看到几位大教授在等我，赶紧和夜班医生做了交接。临走时，护士长给了一件社会捐助的崭新羽绒服，终于可以回去把我的脏衣服洗洗了。
“重症医学的专业使命，决定了我们必将成为此次阻击新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎流行战役中的重症患者生命救治的主力军”，1月29日，中华医学会重症医学分会、中国医师协会重症医学医师分会、中国病理生理学会危重病医学专业委员会共同发布《齐心协力，拯救生命，打赢新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎阻击战——致全国重症医学专业同道倡议书》，作为中国病理生理学会危重病医学专业委员会秘书长，姜利和另外10多位在武汉一线参加救治工作的委员一起，在倡议书中提出“凡为医者, 侠之大者，奉命于病难之间，受任于疫虐之际。国有难，招必归，战必胜”，希望全国奔赴一线的重症医学专业医护人员，要坚决打赢疫情防控的阻击战。
（新华社北京2月2日电记者李斌、侠克、林苗苗）
战“疫”前线的医生心声:
前线保住了，后方才安全
口罩、帽子、防护面罩、鞋套等全副武装，戴上双层手套…… 穿戴完毕，在金银潭医院参与救治的东南大学附属中大医院重症医学科副主任医师潘纯，开始了新一天的工作。
潘纯和援助湖北医疗队的医生们，负责金银潭医院五楼病区重症患者的救治指导等工作。病区有5位患者，每天都需要医护人员帮助翻身。算起来，一天要翻很多次。穿着包裹严密的防护服给患者翻身，医护人员的工作量要比往常大很多。“每次给患者翻身都需要5个医生一起，遇到体重较重的患者，就更费劲了。”潘纯说。
在隔离病房里，常常一待就是三四个小时，每次出来时，汗水都湿透衣背。潘纯说：“还好现在是冬天，如果夏天穿着防护服待这么长时间，人肯定会更难受。”
潘纯1月24日接到要做好驰援武汉准备的消息，他没有半点犹豫。家里人虽然有些担心，但还是给予了支持。“去吧，穿上这身白大褂，这就是你的职责。我们等你平安归来。”父亲对他说。
26日13时38分，潘纯乘坐高铁奔赴抗疫第一线。到达武汉第二天，在经过必要的培训后，立即进入工作状态。
在隔离病房查看患者情况、写医嘱，与同事讨论疑难、复杂患者的救治方案……忙碌了一天，晚上从病区回到住的地方后，工作仍在继续。潘纯还需要通过工作群了解每位患者情况、指导救治。遇到紧急情况，要随时“冲”回患者病床前进行救治。潘纯所在的病区有13位医生、19名护士，和他一样，每个人每天都是“超长待机”工作。
面对的全都是重症患者，经常与感染源“零距离接触”，有没有觉得怕的时候？他说：“没有，从来没有。重症医生是挽救患者生命的最后一道关口，就是要到最危险的地方去。从接到任务的那一刻起，就做好了准备,竭尽全力救治每一位患者。只有战’疫’前线保住了，后方才安全。”
回到住处，有空时，潘纯也会给家人报个平安，但他很少说起前方可能遇到的各种风险。来自7岁儿子的鼓励，总让他觉得动力满满——“爸爸，加油！早点回来！”
（新华社武汉2020年1月31日电记者邱冰清、梁建强）
“等疫情结束后，我娶你”
对1992年出生的朱瑞而言，今年的情人节有了别样意义。
2020年2月14日零点，在金银潭医院值夜班的他突发奇想，用笔在白色的防护服上写上几个大字“邵媚铃：等疫情结束后，我娶你”，旁边还画上了一个爱心。
邵媚铃是朱瑞的女友，两人同为护士，六年前相识。朱瑞说, 今年过年原本打算上女友家中“提亲”，不料被疫情耽搁。
朱瑞的表白，不仅传到了千里之外屏幕的另一端，也触动了网友的泪腺。当晚，他发在朋友圈的图片，在微博上“红” 了。
“海有舟可渡，山有路可行，所爱隔山海，山海皆可平。” 有网友评论。
私人告白突然被“昭告天下”，邵媚铃感动之余，还是提醒他， “把心思更多放在工作上。”
事实上，在武汉的日子并不轻松。这个春节，朱瑞已在福州市第一医院重症医学科值班到了大年初二。当天，组建支援武汉医疗队信息传来，他回家简单收拾了下行李，就随队出发。
如今的他，每天大部分时间在红区（污染区）负责为患者挂瓶抽血检查等，鲜有空闲，“每天确诊的患者还比较多，虽说每天也有患者出院，但还不能掉以轻心。”
在武汉，医务人员的生物钟完全跟着排班走，睡觉时间也不定期，连日的夜班让他有些疲惫。
他说，眼下最大的愿望就是“好好睡上一觉”。
（节选自《“不会期望明天就会好，但相信最终一定是好的”——与三位90后白衣战士的对话》，新华社福州2020年2 月19日电记者孟昭丽、陈弘毅、吴剑锋）
“为了节约防护服同事穿上了纸尿裤”
——湖南支援武汉金银潭医院护士的一线日记
“今天，我看到了用尽全身力气呼吸的感染患者渴望的眼神，这一刻感觉自己能为他们恢复健康献出力量，觉得能来到武汉救治是非常正确的选择 ”这是中南大学湘雅二医院血液净化中心护士李婉贞的一线日记。
近日，在国家卫健委统一调度下，中南大学湘雅二医院一支由5名血液净化护士组成的国家医疗队驰援武汉，5名护士分别是侯亦平、黄艳清、李婉贞、钟晓平、刘亮，她们平均年龄28岁，是医院的中坚力量。
1月27日下午，李婉贞和同事进驻金银潭医院重症监护室支援，她们的主要工作是为患者提供连续性肾脏替代治疗。李婉贞说：“为了节约防护服，我们在穿上防护服之前都要上厕所，并且少喝水，有的同事干脆穿上了成人纸尿裤再穿防护服，这样可以减少浪费。防护服一旦脱下来就不能再用了，少上一次厕所，就能节约一套，所有这一切只有一个目的——减少短缺的防护资源损耗。”
李婉贞在日记中写道：“我们被分配到医院的各科重症监护室，我的工作地点是在一个由病房改成的临时重症监护室，负责护理一些重症患者，能为他们做一些事情，我觉得很有意义。”
湘雅二医院医疗队队长侯亦平说：“驰援武汉是一份责任，我们会全力救治患者，圆满完成任务。”
（新华社长沙2020年1月31日电记者帅才）

==Part 12==
这件白大褂其实很沉
“对于未知疾病的恐惧，人人都会有，医护人员脱下白大褂也是普通人。但是，一旦穿上白大褂，真的会感到一种使命感。这件白大褂其实很沉、很有分量。”刚从救治新型冠状病毒感染者一线返回的武汉大学人民医院护士朱庭萱说。
1月7日，正在休息的朱庭萱接到通知，医院要选派人员前往武汉市金银潭医院，支援新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎患者的定点收治工作。
接到通知后，朱庭萱给家里打了电话。
“如果我不去，就需要派别的同事去，他们家里可能有更多的困难。这个任务既然分配给了我，我就应该接受它。父母从小到大都很支持我，这次也不例外。”朱庭萱说。
“妈妈说过，可能我天生就是要从事医学这一行的。”朱庭萱回忆说。小时候，别的女孩子大多喜欢玩娃娃，而朱庭萱最喜欢拿根牙签给别人“打针”。填写高考志愿时，她选择的所有专业都与医学有关。
简单收拾些洗漱用品和换洗衣物，朱庭萱与同事当天下午就赶到金银潭医院报到，第二天开始参加科室值班。
在朱庭萱眼里，在金银潭医院的这段时间和在其他医院里差不多，护士工作都是“三班倒”：打针换药、护理患者、监测生命体征……毕业后到武汉大学人民医院，朱庭萱主动报名担任机动护士，医院里哪个科室需要就赶到哪里。因此，这种火线增援的任务对她来说并不陌生。
在抗击新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情战斗中，护士们在进入隔离病房时需要穿上防护服。“我很幸运自己不是容易出汗的体质。有的同事下班脱掉防护服，里面的护士服整个都被汗水湿透了。”朱庭萱说。
和朱庭萱一起前往金银潭医院增援的杨宇成则没有那么幸运。他说，工作中需要戴上两层手套和两层鞋套，防护面罩上的雾气也常常令他的视线变得模糊。
“刚开始出汗特别多，甚至有一些缺氧的感觉。最困难的是打针，戴上手套后，对患者血管的触感不是很好，而护理工作要求所有操作都必须精确。”杨宇成说。
“除了换药，还要照顾患者的生活起居，帮重症患者大小便。有的患者心里不舒服也会喊，碰到这种情况我们要耐心跟他们解释，开导他们，给他们打气。”杨宇成说。
令朱庭萱最难忘的是同事间的相互鼓励。“在那里工作的同事很多都跟我一样是’90后’。由于穿上防护服后只能看到眼睛，可能连对方的长相都不知道。但大家在换班的时候，都会互相说一声加油。”她说。
25日，武汉大学人民医院派出的新一批增援人员启程出发，朱庭萱、杨宇成被接替回来观察、休整。谈到对这一段难得的轻松时间如何安排，朱庭萱简单利落地回答了四个字“看剧、躺着”。
对于是否会重返抗击疫情前线，朱庭萱和杨宇成给出了一样的答案。
“妈妈告诉我，我在一线的这段时间，父亲经常晚上睡不着觉。但是如果需要，我一定会重返岗位。既然选择了这个职业, 我有责任去帮助那些患者，分担同事们的压力，这是我的价值所在。”杨宇成说。
“如果我不去，别人就要去，在这份责任面前必须有担当。大家对医生护士一定要有信心，我们不会放弃你们。同时，大家也要好好地做好防护措施。”朱庭萱说。
还有很多支援湖北医疗队在武汉市金银潭医院发生的感人故事，未能一一展开，在这里同样向你们致以最崇高的敬意。
（新华社武汉2020年1月26日电记者王作葵、乐文婉、方亚东）

那些发出的感谢信
一方有难，八方支援。自2020年1月24日除夕之夜起，全国各地医务人员紧急驰援，与金银潭人一起手拉手、心连心，并肩作战、攻坚克难，使新冠肺炎疫情得到有效遏制，患者的诊疗质量得到大大提升。
金银潭医院发出的一•封封感谢信，是感谢和感恩，是问候和致敬，体现的是武汉人民、湖北人民、全国人民勸力同心，众志成城抗击疫情的强大中国力量和中国精神。
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金银潭抗疫纪事

第六章
金银潭医院之外
当金银潭医院内发生着一连串惊心动魄、感人至深的故事时，医院围墙之外，武汉2100多个社区，数以万计的基层社区工作人员和3.8万名警务人员同样在为守护人民群众的生命安全而战。
在历史上，人们从未比现在更关注社区；也从来没有哪座城市，比武汉管控社区的力度还要大。
抗击疫情有两个阵地，一个是医院救死扶伤阵地，一个是社区防控阵地。社区胜则武汉胜，武汉胜则湖北胜，湖北胜则全国胜。

2020年1月23 S,武汉封城首日，乘客搭乘最后一班地铁。（第六章图片除有特殊说明外均为新华社记者冯国栋拍摄）
社区工作的重中之重：
确保900万居家市民生活
地处中国版图天元位置的武汉，是中国乃至世界上都少有的特大城市。常住人口超过1000万，流动人口超过300万，总人口数近1500万。

2020年1月29日，大年初五，武汉的街上几乎看不到车辆。
武汉封城时临近春节，除约500万人流出武汉外，全市约有900万人口留守江城。
留守人口的稳定与生活保障成了武汉能否取得抗疫斗争胜利的重要一环。
在武汉还没有对居民小区进行封闭管理时，我们探访了地处武汉市青山区钢都花园123社区服务中心。
这里是原武汉钢铁公司职工最集中居住的小区之一。
我们到达时，社区工作人员正在分配民政部门刚刚发放的青菜、水果和食品等生活物资。
123社区成立于2001年，位于武汉市青山区二环外，离武汉市中心有一定距离。由于住户多为同单位的职工，这个社区与外界沟通并不像市中心社区那样频繁、密切。
连日来，123社区加大了各小区发热患者的排查力度和对外来人员的进出管控。小区现有门栋132栋，住户1916户，常住人口 6312人，春节期间留在社区的有4226人，占常住人口 2/3。其余1/3住户在武汉“封城”前就已外出，多是走亲访友。
社区书记赵旭玲介绍，疫情发生后，社区主要在信息发布、生活保障和分级筛查三方面釆取了措施：
一是信息渠道要24小时畅通。社区工作人员主要通过电话、微信和“微邻里”软件发布权威信息。“微邻里”是武汉市打造的一个便民服务平台。“像我们武汉市发的《致市民群众一封信》和《青山区发给居民的公开信》，还有抗击疫情的相关通告，全部都通过’微邻里’来发布。疫情发生后，平台还新增了发热患者信息上报等功能。对于不常用智能手机的独

疫情期间的社区药店。

疫情期间的社区超市。

2020年2月1日上午，武汉市青山区钢都花园123社区“天天敲门组”为居民提供服务。

居、空巢老人，社区通过大喇叭确保重要信息通知到位。”赵旭玲说。
今年49岁的赵旭玲告诉我们，她的母亲在孝感老家，从春节前一直病危（与新冠肺炎无关），她却由于武汉“封城”和忙碌的工作根本无法回家探望。“母亲去世，我都没法回家。社区的事情太多，400。多人的生命和安危都必须盯着。”赵旭玲几度哽咽。
我们了解到，和她工作强度类似的基层工作人员并不在少数。基层工作中女同志较多，她们不得不抛下家务事，不分白昼黑夜保障社区运转。一天打100个电话是常态。
二是确保生活保障。1月23日武汉实施“封城”后，公共交通停摆、大小餐饮店春节放假，这给社区百姓的生活和出

2020年2月1日上午，武汉市青山区钢都花园123社区服务中心内的抗疫救灾物资。

行带来诸多不便。这时，青山区打造的民生食堂“社区好味到食堂”发挥了很大的作用，保障了特殊时期社区居民的日常饮食需求。
我们来到食堂探访时，食堂员工正在准备午饭。
一位厨师说，食堂每天能保证至少2—3个菜品，每天服务的困难群体有100个人，对于行动不方便的独居、空巢老人等，社区还通过“天天敲门组”工作人员，为他们送服务。一袋米、一盒药、一碗热饭・••…只要群众提出的合理要求，社区工作人员立马响应，为困难群众提供物质上和精神上的定心丸。
同时，社区还配备了 3辆应急交通车，满足居民出行需求。尹志鸿是“曹操出行”的专车司机，根据社区统一安排，他每天工作8小时，穿着防护服，义务开车送社区群众外出买药，或到医院就诊。
三是实施分级筛查。123社区对发烧居民实施分级筛查。社区居民出现发热情况后，第一时间上报给网格员。网格员先是建立一人一档，再联系社区卫生服务中心进行筛查。如果病情轻微，则指导发热居民在家服药；确实需要到医院门诊看病的，再建议他们去看病。
“疫情来得凶猛，有些居民特别恐慌。加上秋冬季节感冒确实也比较多。刚开始’封城’时，我们每天忙于接居民打来的电话。后来，社区卫生服务中心给发烧的患者开了药，吃了之后，烧降下来了。接到的电话就少了。”社区书记赵旭玲说。

2020年2月1日上午拍摄的武汉市青山区“123社区”的社区好味到食堂

2020年2月1日上午，司机尹志鸿为社区提供交通出行服务。

谈到抗击疫情的感悟，赵旭玲说：“基层的社区干部，对居民是一个安慰，一颗定心丸。做好群众工作就是我的一切, 我已融入社区工作的方方面面。沟通到位，保障到位，可以在很大程度上避免恐慌。”
社区书记：我恨不得变成孙悟空
防控疫情，社区是关键。
新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，武汉的每一个社区工作者，都奋战在抗疫一线。
董守芝是江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区书记，这个社区距离华南海鲜市场不足两公里，居民有16000多人，防控难度可想

武汉疫情热力图，红色部分为发热患者聚集区。

2020年2月17日下午，武汉市江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区对人员进行排查。

而知。
从1月23日开始，她就夜以继日地投身工作，开通社区之音、开展拉网式大排查、对社区进行封闭式管理……董守芝裝京, 每天能接100多个电话，恨不得变成孙悟空，多分几个身出来, 为自己做事。
以下是董守芝的讲述：
我是西桥社区书记，从1993年开始，就从事社区工作。
目前，我所在的西桥社区有两大特点：人多、老旧小区多，管理难度非常大。社区常住人口有16000多，7351户居民，社区里有11个老旧小区，442栋平房区，有物业管理的小区只有 6个。
社区的工作人员有25名。疫情发生以来，我们一直在防控一线。面对小区的各种状况，我和同事们也会感觉压力很大。
后来，来了 59个区机关干部，他们下沉到一线，帮我们解决了很多难题，分摊了许多压力。小区封闭之后，他们也派人到路口值守。
1月23日封城之后，我就一直没有休息，投入到疫情防控一线工作当中。疫情发生以来，我们社区主要采取了三个措施——
第一，开通社区之音，滚动播报各类通告和提示。我们把省市发布的公告和疫情提示，在广播里循环播放；第二，开展拉网式大排查，通过网络上报和电话的方式，及时发现发热患者，准确上报；第三，进行封闭式管理，原来的37个路口，现在只剩17个开着，每个路口都有志愿者值守。刚开始，很多居民不理解，感觉出入不便，但我们还是尽最大努力向大家解释，让他们理解。

西桥社区党群服务中心
了解到社区内有500户特困人员，包括生病的患者、隔离人员、老人和一些困难户。我和同事们上门送药、送粮油、送菜、送关爱。每天，我和同事们平均要给一百多户居民送菜、送药，保障居民的日常生活物资。
前段时间，从社区旁边的酒店打来一通求助电话。
原来，这是住在酒店的一家三口，他们是红安县人，是年前到武汉儿童医院给孩子看病的。
1月23日封城，他们就回不去了，一直在酒店隔离，现在已经弹尽粮绝了，连给孩子买奶粉的钱都没有。
接到消息，我和同事们就在社区拿了一些防护用品，包括本就不够用的口罩，还有方便面等食物送到酒店，还帮他们申报了 3000元的救济金，心想起码孩子买奶粉的钱是有了。
疫情发生之后，我每天都得接100多个电话，手机24小时开机，就怕漏接一个电话。从年前开始，每天19个小时都在工作，真正休息的时间只有五六个小时。
现在恨不得自己变成孙悟空，一根汗毛就能变一个分身，这样就能有精力去做更多的事情了。
社区工作压力很大，最近几天，我接到同事打来的电话，她在电话那头哭得很厉害。我年纪比他们大点，遇到这种情况我会安慰他们，然后大家再一起继续投入战斗。
现在，我有个心愿，就是希望疫情赶紧过去。等疫情过去之后，我就找个有山的地方大睡三天三夜，好好休息一下。
拉网式大排查
“请大家按登记表全面排查。住址、姓名、联系电话要登记好。情况特殊的要备注清楚。” 2月17日下午，我们再次来到唐家墩街西桥社区时，董守芝和20多位社区工作人员正在开会布置任务。
当天，一场为期3天的拉网式大排查在武汉3300多个社区、村湾同步展开。
“有人在家吗？ ”在西桥社区三眼桥一村小区，网格员易君与社区派出所民警熊松，以及下沉到社区的3名特警对一处出租房进行排查。房东说，春节前几天，里面的租客一直咳嗽， “这几天没听到动静，担心他出事。”
开门的是位小伙子。易君先用无接触式体温仪测量了他的体温，确认没有发烧，随后又详细询问了他的健康状况。民警核验了租客的身份，叮嘱他待在屋内不要出门。临走时，易君登记了租客的电话，“遇到问题请跟我联系。”
西桥社区是“万人社区”，因距离最先发现疫情的华南海鲜市场不到两公里，疫情较重。
董守芝说，春节至今，社区深入宣传“发热不上报”的危害, 广泛发动居民通过电话或微信平台，主动上报发热情况。
“这次拉网式大排查，目标是确保不漏一户、不漏一人。重点排查与新冠肺炎相关的所有人员，还包括危重在家的基础病患者，比如尿毒症透析患者、恶性肿瘤、其他疾病重症患者，以及孕产妇。”董守芝说。
武汉市要求本次排查要做到五个“百分百”：确诊患者百分百应收尽收、疑似患者百分百核酸检测、发热患者百分百进行检测、密切接触者百分百隔离、小区村庄百分百实行24小时封闭管理。
“董主任，我在电视上看到你了，你现在怎么痩得这么狠哪？我年纪大了，不能给你帮忙，我一点力都出不了。我老伴说我，这么大岁数了，待在家里不给社区添乱，就是给董主任帮忙了。你要保重身体啊！”
一通来自90多岁的叶婆婆的电话，让董守芝倍感暖心。新

2020年2月17日，武汉市江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区民警正在展开排查。当天, 一场为期3天的拉网式大排查在武汉3300多个社区、村湾同步展开。

2020年2月17日下午，武汉市江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区网格员易君（中）社区人员和派出所民警熊松（左一）对出租房进行排查。

冠肺炎疫情发生以来，董守芝一直奋战在社区防控一线。从年前开始，董守芝和同事们就开始在社区清楼道、清屋顶、清死角，做大扫除，用消毒液在整个社区开展消杀。
社区是疫情防控的第一道防线。疫情蔓延后，西桥社区里，社区群干与街道相关部门、物业公司、志愿者、网格党支部成员、社区卫生服务中心等通力协作，各方力量拧成一股绳，确保服务不断档。
给董守芝底气和信心的，还有来自家人的关爱。董守芝的老伴身体不好，但总是力所能及地帮她做点事。只要她一到家，老伴总会叮咛她加强营养、注意休息，又给她冲热水袋，暖手暖脚。
“自己年龄大了，又患有高血压，儿子儿媳不想让我太操劳。他们很担心我，一再叮嘱我要照顾好自己。”董守芝说，每天看看3个月大的孙子的照片，是一种特别的慰藉。
没有一个冬天不可逾越，没有一个春天不会到来。
说起疫情结束后社区的优先事项，董守芝不假思索：“安排好值班，让同志们都休息一下，让他们养好元气再来投入工作。“
2月22日清晨6点，年过六旬的董守芝已出门，步子又快又急。
一个多月来，身为武汉市江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区书记的她，没睡过一个安稳觉。
疫情中，中老年人是高危人群，但董守芝像年轻人一样，楼道消杀、入户排查、上门送菜，样样抢着干。
“从1993年开始，我就在这个社区工作了，对每家每户、一草一木都很有感情，这个时候，绝不能退缩。”董守芝说。
西桥社区地处老城区，城中村密集。除11个老旧小区、3 个自助物业小区外，还有422栋平房，65岁以上居民占八成，不少居民不会上网“团购”。实行封闭式管理后，这些居民的生活所需全靠社区配送。
24名社区干部，加上50多名市、区下沉干部和党员志愿者，承担着16000多人的柴米油盐和日常管控，任务繁重。
2月21日，她联系到一批蔬菜送到小区。
运菜车刚停稳，她就带领大家，一口气将满满4卡车蔬菜运进社区，3小时没歇气。送菜司机钦佩地竖起大拇指：“西桥的女将，真厉害！”
“小周，你把这些药先拿去，给你妈妈用，社区里的药回
来后，再给你们送些去。” 2月22日下午2点，董守芝拿着倍他乐克、波立维、可定等降压药，打电话给无线电厂小区居民周汉胜。
董守芝说，周汉胜的母亲患有高血压，家中储备的降压药吃完了。防疫管控措施升级后，这类药只能由社区统一到定点医疗机构领取。
“上午，赶去取药的社区干部打电话回来说，前面还有80 多个社区在排队，不知道要等多久才能领到。”深知此类药物不能停，她便从自己每天服用的降压药里，匀了一些出来，给周汉胜家“救急”。
在董守芝看来，为群众办事，不仅要办成，更要办好，“这个时候，我们社区干部再难也要顶上去！”
新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，武汉社区干部一直奋战在防控一线，倾情服务站好岗，用“身心投入”的方式，书写着社区抗疫的“答卷”。
这是一场没有硝烟的战争，也是一个争分夺秒的“考场”，需要筑牢基层堡垒，守好社区这个“第一防线”。

Goldbank Englisch 1

2022-12-29T11:15:21Z

Liu Tingting: /* 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting */

==Part 4c==

====白婷 Bai Ting====

物研究所牵头，研究将在金银潭医院等多家临床一线接诊新型冠状病毒感染肺炎患者的医院中进行，拟入组761例患者，采用随机、双盲、安慰剂对照方法展开。
在科技部、国家卫健委、国家药监局等多部门支持下，抗病毒药物瑞德西韦很快完成临床试验的注册审批工作，第一批病例入组工作也已就位。
2月6日，首批新冠病毒感染的肺炎重症患者接受用药，首位用药者是金银潭医院收治的一位68岁的男性重症患者。
探索利用康复期血浆“免疫性治疗”

Under the leadership of the Institute of Physical Sciences, the study will be carried out in many clinical front-line hospitals, such as Jinyintan Hospital, which receives patients with novel coronavirus infection pneumonia. Seven hundred sixty-one patients are proposed to be enrolled in the study, and they will be randomized, double-blind, and placebo controlled. With the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Health Commission, the State Food and Drug Administration, and other departments, the registration and approval of the clinical trial of the antiviral drug Remdesivir was soon completed, and the first batch of cases was enrolled. On February 6, the first batch of severe pneumonia patients infected with COVID-19 received drugs. The first drug was a 68-year-old male severe patient admitted to Jinyintan Hospital, who was treated with plasma "immune therapy" during rehabilitation.

Under the leadership of the Institute of Physical Sciences, the study will be carried out in many clinical front-line hospitals, such as Jinyintan Hospital, which receives patients with novel coronavirus infection pneumonia. Seven hundred sixty-one patients are proposed to be enrolled in the study, and they will be randomized, double-blind, and placebo controlled. With the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Health Commission, the State Food and Drug Administration, and other departments, the registration and approval of the clinical trial of the antiviral drug Remdesivir was soon completed, and the first batch of cases was enrolled. On February 6, the first batch of severe pneumonia patients infected with COVID-19 received medication. The first drug was a 68-year-old male critically ill patient admitted to Jinyintan Hospital, who was treated with plasma "immune therapy" during rehabilitation.

====蔡思 Cai Si====

2月13日，张定宇在湖北省新冠肺炎疫情防控指挥部召开的第23次新闻发布会上发出呼吁：“康复期患者，请伸出您的胳膊，捐献宝贵的血浆，共同拯救还在与病魔作斗争的患者。”
“康复后的患者体内有大量中和抗体，可以抵抗新型冠状病毒。”张定宇介绍说，在缺乏疫苗和特效治疗药物的前提下，采用这种特免血浆制品治疗新冠病毒感染是较为有效的方法。“康复者捐献的血浆，会经过一系列处理，得到一个相对纯化的对抗新冠病毒中和抗体，用于新冠肺炎危重患者的治疗。”
专家认为，从临床病理发生过程看，大部分新冠肺炎患者经过治疗康复后，身体内会产生针对新冠病毒的特异性抗体，可杀灭和清除病毒。
金银潭医院配合相关研究团队立即开展了康复期患者血浆的釆集工作。

On February 13, Zhang Dingyu issued an appeal at the 23rd press conference held by Hubei Province Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarters: "Convalescent patients, please stretch out your arms and donate precious plasma to jointly save patients who are still struggling with the disease." "Patients who recover have a large number of neutralizing antibodies that can resist the COVID-19." Zhang Dingyu said that in the absence of vaccines and specific therapeutic drugs, the use of this special immune plasma products to treat the new crown virus infection is a more effective method. "The plasma donated by rehabilitated patients will undergo a series of treatments to obtain a relatively purified neutralizing antibody against the COVID-19 for the treatment of critically ill patients." Experts believe that, from the clinical pathology process, most patients with COVID-19 after treatment and rehabilitation, the body will produce specific antibodies against the COVID-19 , can kill and eliminate the virus. Jinyintan Hospital cooperated with relevant research teams to immediately carry out plasma collection of patients in rehabilitation period.

On February 13, Zhang Dingyu issued an appeal at the 23rd press conference held by Hubei Province Epidemic Prevention and Control Command: "Patients in recovery, please stretch out your arms and donate your precious plasma to save patients who are still fighting against the disease." "Recovered patients have a high level of neutralizing antibodies against the new coronavirus," introduced by Zhang Dingyu. In the absence of a vaccine and specific therapeutic drugs, the use of this special immune plasma product is a more effective treatment for coronavirus infection. "The plasma donated by rehabilitated patients will undergo a series of treatments to obtain a relatively purified neutralizing antibody against the COVID-19 for the treatment of critically ill patients." According to experts,in the clinical pathology process, most patients with COVID-19 will develop specific antibodies against coronavirus after treatment and recovery, which can kill and clear the virus. Jinyintan Hospital, in cooperation with the research team, immediately started collecting plasma from patients in rehabilitation period.

====陈婧 Chen Jing====

捐献血浆必须符合三项条件：一、年龄在18—60周岁之间；二、确诊感染过新型冠状病毒（核酸检测阳性）；三、病愈出院一周以上。
金银潭医院在门诊部二楼设立采血机构。捐献者经过电话预约到医院后，先进行身份登记并填写健康征询表及知情同意书，再进行健康状况问诊、血液检查，经最后确认后，每人采集血量在200—400毫升之间，采血完成后，向献血者发放一定数额的经济补偿。

2020年2月18日，张定宇的夫人程琳来到金银潭医院,捐献了 400毫升血浆。（新华社发武汉市金银潭医院供图）

张定宇在发布会上发出呼吁后，社会广泛关注。
2月13日晚，中国生物技术股份有限公司、武汉市血液中心也联合向新冠肺炎康复者发出献血倡议书，并在湖北省人民医院开放爱心献血屋。

Three conditions must be met to donate plasma: 1. Aged between 18 and 60; 2. Confirmed infection with COVID-19 (positive nucleic acid test); 3. Be discharged from hospital for more than one week after recovery.

Jinyintan Hospital has a blood collection facility on the second floor of the outpatient clinic. Donors who arrive at the hospital after making a phonecall appointment will first register and fill out a health questionnaire and informed consent form, then undergo a health consultation and blood test. After the final confirmation, the blood collection volumn per person is between 200 and 400 ml. After the blood collection, a certain amount of financial compensation will be given to the donors.

On Feb 18, 2020, Zhang Dingyu's wife Cheng Lin came to the hospital and donated 400 ml of blood plasma. (Xinhua News Agency issued, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital for the picture)

Zhang Dingyu made the call at the press conference, which attracted wide attention from the public.

On the evening of Feb 13, China Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and Wuhan Blood Center jointly issued a blood donation initiative to people recovering from COVID-19 and opened a blood donation house at Hubei Provincial People's Hospital.

Three conditions must be met to donate plasma: 1. Aged between 18 and 60; 2. Confirmed infection with COVID-19 (positive nucleic acid test); 3. Be discharged from hospital for more than one week after recovery.

Jinyintan Hospital sets a blood collection facility on the second floor of the outpatient clinic. Donors who arrive at the hospital after making a phonecall appointment will first register and fill out a health questionnaire and informed consent form, then undergo a health consultation and blood test. After the final confirmation, the blood collection volumn per person is between 200 and 400 ml. After the blood collection, a certain amount of financial compensation will be given to the donors.

On Feb 18, 2020, Zhang Dingyu's wife Cheng Lin came to the hospital and donated 400 ml of blood plasma. (Xinhua News Agency issued, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital for the picture)

Zhang Dingyu made the call at the press conference, which attracted wide attention from the public.

On the evening of Feb 13, China Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and Wuhan Blood Center jointly issued a blood donation initiative to people recovering from COVID-19 and opened a blood donation house at Hubei Provincial People's Hospital.

====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====

从第二天开始，就有不少康复者来电咨询，表示支持金银潭医院的这项研究。
金银潭医院将这一方法很快用于4个重症患者的治疗。
4个患者的病情都有好转。从整体来看，患者自我感觉喘气等症状减缓了，精神状态、食欲都有提升；从指标上看，血氧饱和度比以前稳定些，淋巴细胞的绝对值也得到了提升。
“这类指标对患者康复是很重要的参考。”但张定宇提醒说, 采用特免血浆制品治疗的方式并不是“灵丹妙药”，最终战胜病魔更多的还是要靠患者自身的免疫力。这种治疗主要是给患者一个喘息的机会，使病情往好的方向发展，同时也给医生抢救危重患者赢得更多的时间。
已于1月29日康复出院的张定宇的夫人程琳，也来到金银潭医院捐献了 400毫升血浆。
首例遗体解剖完成并送检
Since the next day, many patients called in support of the study.
Jinyintan Hospital soon used this method to treat four seriously ill patients. All of them showed improvement. On the whole, patients felt that their symptoms, such as wheezing, were reduced, and their mental state and appetite were improved. In terms of indicators, blood oxygen saturation was more stable than before, and the absolute value of lymphocytes was also increased. "Such indicators are important references for patients' recovery." But Zhang Dingyu cautioned that the use of special plasma products was not a "panacea", and ultimately the recovery of disease more depended on the patient's own immunity. This kind of treatment was mainly to give the patient a chance to breathe, making the condition progress toward a better direction, but also help doctors to fight for critically ill patients more time. Zhang Dingyu's wife Cheng Lin, who was discharged from hospital on January 29, also donated 400 ml of blood plasma to Jinyintan Hospital. The first autopsy was completed and submitted for examination.

From the next day, many rehabilitated people called for consultation and expressed support for the study by Jinyintan Hospital.
Jinyintan Hospital quickly applied this method to the treatment of four critically ill patients.
All four patients improved. On the whole, the patient felt that the symptoms such as wheezing were alleviated, and the mental state and appetite were improved; From the index point of view, blood oxygen saturation is more stable than before, the absolute value of lymphocytes has also been improved. "This kind of index is very important reference to the patient's rehabilitation." However, Zhang Dingyu warned that the use of special immune plasma products treatment is not a "panacea," the final victory over the disease more depends on the patient's own immunity. This kind of treatment is mainly to give the patient a chance to breathe, make the condition develop in a good direction, but also to the doctor to save critically ill patients to win more time.
Zhang Dingyu's wife Cheng Lin, who recovered from hospital on January 29, also came to Jinyintan Hospital to donate 400 ml of plasma. The first autopsy was completed and submitted for inspection.

==Part 4d==

====陈思阳 Chen Siyang====

对于一种致人死亡的新型疾病，遗体解剖对掌握其病理意义重大。解剖新冠肺炎死亡者遗体，对于探索新冠肺炎患者临床的病理改变、疾病机制等有重大帮助，能从根本上探究新冠肺炎的致病性、致死性，给临床抢救和治疗危重症患者提供依据。
实际上，新冠肺炎疫情暴发后的一个多月里，有关方面一直呼吁对死亡病例进行病理解剖。但由于新冠肺炎属烈性传染病，解剖风险过高，加上国内少有针对甲级传染病、达到P3 级生物实验室标准的病理解剖实验室，使得相关工作迟迟难以落实。
国际上根据生物安全的防护等级将生物实验室分为四级： Pl、P2、P3和P4实验室。P是Protection的缩写，其中1级的防护级别最低，4级最高。

For a new type of disease that causes death, autopsy is of great significance to grasp its pathology. Anatomy of the dead body of new crown pneumonia is of great help to explore the clinical pathological changes and disease mechanism of patients with new crown pneumonia, and can fundamentally explore the pathogenicity and lethality of new crown pneumonia, and provide basis for clinical rescue and treatment of critically ill patients. In fact, more than a month after the outbreak of new crown pneumonia, there have been calls for pathological autopsy of deaths. However, because Xinguan pneumonia is a severe infectious disease, the anatomical risk is too high, and there are few pathological anatomy laboratories aiming at Class A infectious diseases and reaching the standard of P3 biological laboratory in China, it is difficult to implement the relevant work. Internationally, biological laboratories are divided into four levels according to the protection level of biological safety: Pl, P2, P3 and P4 laboratories. P is the abbreviation of Protection, where Level 1 is the lowest protection level and Level 4 is the highest.

For a new type of disease that causes death, the autopsy is of great significance to grasp its pathology. Anatomy of the dead body of new crown pneumonia is of great help to explore the clinical pathological changes and disease mechanism of patients with new crown pneumonia, and can fundamentally explore the pathogenicity and lethality of new crown pneumonia, and provide the basis for clinical rescue and treatment of critically ill patients. In fact, more than a month after the outbreak of new crown pneumonia, there have been calls for a pathological autopsy of deaths. However, because Xinguan pneumonia is a severe infectious disease, the anatomical risk is too high, and there are few pathological anatomy laboratories aiming at Class A infectious diseases and reaching the standard of P3 biological laboratories in China, it is difficult to implement the relevant work. Internationally, biological laboratories are divided into four levels according to the protection level of biological safety: Pl, P2, P3, and P4 laboratories. P is the abbreviation of Protection, where Level 1 is the lowest protection level and Level 4 is the highest.

====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====

在国家法律政策允许下，并征得患者家属同意，2月15日深夜，华中科技大学同济医学院法医病理学专家来到金银潭医院，在金银潭的医护人员配合下，开始了全国第一例新冠肺炎遗体解剖工作。

Permitted by national laws and policies and with the consent of the patients' families, late on the night of Feb. 15, forensic pathology experts from Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology came to Jinyintan Hospital. With the cooperation of medical staff from Jinyintan Hospital, they began the autopsy of the first human corpse dying of COVID-19 in China.

Permitted by national laws and policies and with the consent of the patients' families, late on the night of February 15, forensic pathology experts from Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology came to Jinyintan Hospital. With the cooperation of medical staff of Jinyintan Hospital, they began the autopsy of the first human corpse dying of COVID-19 in China.

由于整个湖北都没有专门的负压解剖室，金银潭医院临时腾出一间负压手术室用来做解剖工作。

Since there is no special negative pressure dissection room in Hubei province, Jinyintan Hospital temporarily vacated a negative pressure operating room for dissection work.

As there is no special negative pressure dissection room in Hubei province, Jinyintan Hospital temporarily vacated a negative pressure operating room for dissection.

解剖从16日凌晨1点开始，4点结束，休息两个小时后展开讨论；上午11点，第二例病理解剖工作敲定,下午4点开始, 6点半结束……不到18个小时，即完成两例病理解剖，并于当日送检。

On Feb. 16, the autopsy began at 1 a.m. and ended at 4 a.m., and discussion began after a two-hour break; at 11 a.m., the second pathological autopsy was finalized, starting at 4 p.m., finishing at 6:30 p.m.... In less than 18 hours, the two cases were completed and submitted for examination that day.

The autopsy began at 1 a.m. and ended at 4 a.m. on February 16, and the discussion began after a two-hour break; at 11 a.m., the second pathological autopsy was finalized, starting at 4 p.m., and ending at 6:30 p.m.... In less than 18 hours, two cases of pathological autopsy were completed and submitted for examination that day.

首战告捷，随后的几例遗体解剖工作开展得也是格外顺利： 2月17日下午5点，第三例病理解剖；紧接着，第四例……2 月22日，是解剖团队最为忙碌的一天，“24小时之内做了五例解剖”。

After a successful first battle, subsequent autopsies went exceptionally smoothly: at 5 p.m. on Feb. 17, they did the third pathological autopsy; then, the fourth... Feb. 22 was the team's busiest day, "five autopsies were done in 24 hours."

After a successful first battle, the subsequent autopsies was carried out exceptionally smoothly: at 5 p.m. on February 17, they did the third pathological autopsy; then, the fourth... February 22 was the team's busiest day, "five autopsies were done within 24 hours."

中医武汉抗疫临床发挥重要作用。

TCM plays a significant role in fighting against the pandemic in Wuhan.

TCM（Traditional Chinese Medicine） plays a significant role in fighting against the pandemic in Wuhan.

====丁粤 Ding Yue====

2月3日，武汉市金银潭医院首批以中医药或中西医结合方式治愈的新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎患者出院。

On February 3rd, the first batch of novel coronavirus infected pneumonia patients in the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city who were cured by traditional Chinese medicine or integrated traditional and western medicine were discharged.

On February 3rd, the first batch of novel coronavirus infected pneumonia patients in the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city were discharged,who were cured by traditional Chinese medicine or integrated traditional and western medicine.(Fu Jing)

这批出院的患者共有8名，包括6名女性、2名男性，其中重症6例、轻症2例，最大年龄68岁，最小年龄26岁。中医中药参与治疗后，患者呼吸困难、乏力、口干口苦、胸闷、腹泻等症状明显改善，精神状态也明显好转。

There were 8 patients discharged from the hospital, including 6 women and 2 men. Among them, 6 patients were with severe symptoms and 2 patients were with mild symptoms. The oldest patient was 68 years old，while the youngest patient was 26 years old. After the treatment with traditional Chinese medicine, the symptoms of the patients such as dyspnea, fatigue, dry mouth and bitter mouth, chest tightness and diarrhea were significantly improved, as well as their mental state.

There were 8 patients discharged from the hospital, including 6 women and 2 men. Among them, 6 patients were with severe symptoms and 2 patients were with mild symptoms. The oldest patient was 68 years old，while the youngest patient was 26 years old. After the treatment with traditional Chinese medicine, the symptoms of the patients such as dyspnea, fatigue, dry mouth and bitter mouth, chest tightness and diarrhea were significantly improved, as well as their mental state.(Fu Jing)

1月28日，国家中医药管理局应对新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎联防联控工作专家组组长、中国工程院院士黄璐琦带领北京西苑医院和广安门医院医疗团队支援武汉市金银潭医院，对这批患者采用中西医结合、辨证治疗。出院时，金银潭医院赠送了每位患者2周用量的中药调理药剂，并嘱咐他们适当增强运动、合理饮食，以加速身体恢复。

On January 28th, Huang Luqi, the leader of the expert group of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine on joint prevention and control of pneumonia caused by infection with novel coronavirus and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, led the medical teams of Beijing Xiyuan Hospital and Guang'anmen Hospital to support the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city, and used integrated traditional and western medicine and syndrome differentiation treatment for these patients. When these patients were discharged, Jinyintan Hospital presented each patient with a 2-week dose of Chinese herbal medicine conditioning agent, and instructed them to properly enhance exercise and eat reasonable food to speed up their recovery.

On January 28th, Huang Luqi, the leader of the expert group of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine on joint prevention and control of pneumonia caused by infection with novel coronavirus and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, led the medical teams of Beijing Xiyuan Hospital and Guang'anmen Hospital to support the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city, and used integrated traditional and western medicine and syndrome differentiation treatment for these patients. When these patients were discharged, Jinyintan Hospital presented each patient with a 2-week dose of Chinese herbal medicine conditioning agent, and instructed them to properly enhance exercise and eat reasonable food to speed up their recovery.(Fu Jing)

3月2日，新华社播发记者廖君、黎昌政在武汉抗击疫情第一线采写的报道，称中医经验方在减轻发热咳嗽症状、控制病情进展、提升人体免疫力方面有独特优势。
报道说，新冠肺炎疫情发生后，全国中医药系统医疗队员 3350人、5支国家中医医疗队739名医务人员驰援武汉，进驻武汉市金银潭医院、湖北省中西医结合医院、雷神山医院救治患者，同时在武汉市江夏区整建制托管大花山方舱医院，收治患者416人，开展中医药特色救治。

On March 2nd, Xinhua News Agency broadcast a report written by reporters Liao Jun and Li Changzheng on the front line of the fight against the epidemic in Wuhan, saying that traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in relieving fever and cough symptoms, controlling disease progress, and improving human immunity.
It was reported that after the occurrence of the COVID-19, 3350 medical personnel from the national TCM（Traditional Chinese Medicine）system and 739 medical personnel from five national TCM medical teams came to support Wuhan. They were stationed in the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Hubei province, and Leishen Mountain Hospital to treat patients. At the same time, they received and treated 416 patients and carried out characteristic cure with traditional Chinese medicine in Dahuashan mobile cabin hospital, which was restructured and entrusted in Jiangxia District of Wuhan city.

On March 2nd, Xinhua News Agency broadcast a report written by reporters Liao Jun and Li Changzheng on the front line of the fight against the epidemic in Wuhan, saying that traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in relieving fever and cough symptoms, controlling disease progress, and improving human immunity.
It was reported that after the occurrence of the COVID-19, 3350 medical personnel from the national TCM（Traditional Chinese Medicine）system and 739 medical personnel from five national TCM medical teams came to support Wuhan. They were stationed in the Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan city, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Hubei province, and Leishen Mountain Hospital to treat patients. At the same time, they received and treated 416 patients and carried out characteristic cure with traditional Chinese medicine in Dahuashan mobile cabin hospital, which was restructured and entrusted in Jiangxia District of Wuhan city.(Fu Jing)

==Part 4e==

====付静 Fu Jing====

“中医药早期介入干预，稳定人心，减少新发患者，从源头上防控疫情蔓延发挥了作用。”湖北省卫健委中医综合处负责人介绍说，仅武汉市面向集中隔离观察点隔离人员和有需求的居家密切接触者，发放中药汤剂近32.1万人份，发放中成药 24.8万人份，隔离人员基本做到中药应服尽服。

"The early intervention of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played a role in reassuring people, reducing new patients and preventing the spread of the epidemic from the source." According to the head of TCM general office of Hubei Provincial Health Commission, in Hubei, all infected people isolated in centralized isolation of observation points and close contacts in home quarantine have been distributed nearly 321,000 portions of TCM decoction, and 248,000 Chinese patent medicine, with all isolated people in need basically taking TCM.

湖北还以方舱医院为重点，推动中医药全面参与治疗。16 个方舱医院累计收治病例11740人，同步配送中药汤剂和金花清感胶囊等4种中成药，中药使用率99.93%。在14家定点医疗机构的重症、危重症患者中，也强化中医药全程参与。
Hubei also focuses on shelter hospitals to promote the full participation of TCM in treatment. A total of 11,740 cases were admitted to 16 shelter hospitals, and 4 kinds of Chinese patent medicines including traditional Chinese medicine decoction and Jinhua Qinggan capsule were distributed simultaneously, with the utilization rate of traditional Chinese medicine reaching 99.93%. Among the severe and critically ill patients in 14 designated medical institutions, participation of traditional Chinese medicine in whole treatment process has been strengthened.

2020年2月25日，在江夏方舱医院，湖南中医药大学第一附属医院护士长涂丽准备为新冠肺炎患者实施中医耳穴压豆治疗。武汉江夏方舱是武汉首个以中医院运转模式来迸行临床治疗、管理的方舱医院。医疗团队由釆白多个省份中医院的数百名医护人员组成。（新华社记者沈伯韩摄）
On February 25, 2020, in Jiangxia Square Cabin Hospital, the head nurse of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tu Li, was prepared to carry out traditional Chinese medicine ear acupoint bean pressing treatment for patients with COVID-19 patients. Jiangxia shelter is the first shelter hospital in Wuhan to carry out clinical treatment and management in the operation mode of traditional Chinese medicine hospital. The medical team consists of hundreds of medical staff from traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in many provinces.(Photographed by Shen Bohan, reporter of Xinhua Agency)

====高燕 Gao Yan====

1月25日，61岁的钱先生因持续高热、呼吸困难被送到湖北省中医院光谷院区急诊科，随后确诊为新冠肺炎，由于基础疾病多，病情发展快，曾先后两次被宣告病危。
钱先生后经湖北省中医院急诊科主任李刚副教授团队进行十多天中西医结合治疗和调理，于2月17日康复出院。
李刚说：“中医药治疗贯穿钱先生治疗全病程。根据不同病程，开具’肺炎2号’’肺炎3号’’肺炎4号’和’肺炎5号' 方。他能转危为安，中医药发挥了重要作用。”
68岁的重症患者霍先生与钱先生同一天出院。两人病程发展有所不同，治疗过程中，中药使用也略有差异。

On January 25,61-year-old Mr. Qian was sent to the emergency department in the Guanggu district of Hospital of Hubei Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine due to persistent high fever and dyspnea. Later, he was diagnosed with COVID-19. Due to many underlying conditions and rapid development of the disease, he was declared to be terminally ill twice. After more than ten days of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment and conditioning by the team of associate professor Li Gang, director of the emergency department of Hubei Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mr. Qian recovered and was discharged from the hospital on February 17. Li Gang said: "Chinese medicine treatment is intergrated with the whole course of treatment of Mr. Qian. Prescriptions of "pneumonia No.2,""pneumonia No.3,""pneumonia No.4" and "pneumonia No.5" were prescribed according to different courses of disease. He was able to turn the corner, and Chinese medicine played an important role." Mr. Huo, a 68-year-old critically ill patient, was discharged from the hospital on the same day as Mr. Qian. The course of disease of the two people is different, and the use of traditional Chinese medicine is also slightly different during the treatment.

On January 25, 61-year-old Mr. Qian was sent to the emergency department in the Guanggu district of Hubei Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine due to persistent high fever and dyspnea. Later, he was diagnosed with COVID-19. Due to many underlying diseases and rapid development of COVID-19, he was declared to be terminally ill twice. After he was treated and conditioned more than ten days by associate professor Li Gang and his team by integrating TCM and western medicine, Mr. Qian recovered and was discharged from the hospital on February 17. Li Gang, director of the emergency department of Hubei Province Hospital of TCM, said: "TCM treatment was applied into the whole course of Mr. Qian' treatment. Prescriptions of "pneumonia No.2,""pneumonia No.3,""pneumonia No.4" and "pneumonia No.5" were prescribed according to different courses of disease. TCM played an important role in curing him." Mr. Huo, a 68-year-old critically ill patient, was discharged from the hospital on the same day with Mr. Qian. The disease courses of these two people were different, so the uses of TCM were also slightly different correspondingly.

====关娜 Guan Na====

霍先生入院后，是先采用抗感染的西药，控制炎症反应，再用中药对症调理的。
湖北省中医院肺病五科负责人冯毅说，中医药参与治疗，能促进肺部病灶吸收，减少甚至解决肺组织损伤、肺纤维化等并发症和后遗症。目前，随访出院患者，均反馈病情稳定且在逐步康复中。
相关统计数据显示，湖北确诊病例中医药使用率为 88.93%o截至2月28日24时，全省43家定点中医医院累计收治确诊病例7246 A,中医药使用率为97.71%，患者发烧、乏力、咳嗽等症状和影像学表现均明显改善。
张伯礼等3位院士领导的团队，在武汉临床研究初步结果也表明，中西医结合总体疗效，明显优于单纯西药治疗。

After he was admitted to the hospital, Mr.Huo was first treated with anti-infective western medicine to control the inflammatory reaction, and then with Chinese medicine for symptomatic treatment. Feng Yi, the director of the fifth Department of pulmonary Diseases of Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said that the participation of TCM in the treatment can promote the absorption of lung lesions, reduce or even cure complications and sequelae such as lung tissue damage and pulmonary fibrosis. At present, all discharged patients were followed up and reported that their condition was in gradual recovery. According to some related statistics, the usage of TCM can be up to 88.93% in the confirmed cases in Hubei. By 24 o'clock on February 28, 7,246 confirmed cases have been admitted into 43 designated TCM hospitals in Hubei and the usage of TCM is up to 97.71%. The symptoms such as fever, fatigue, cough and imaging manifestations of these patients are significantly improved. The preliminary results of clinical research, which was obtained by the team leading by Zhang Boli and other academicians, shows that the concerted efficacy integrated TCM and western medicine is superior to that of western medicine.

==Part 5==

====郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====

中西医协同作战成效显著
金银潭医院是最早尝试中西医结合抢救重症患者和治疗轻症患者的医院。
1月25日，大年初一，国家中医药局组织中国中医科学院广安门医院、中国中医科学院西苑医院中医专家组成25人的医疗队，赶赴湖北省武汉市新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎防疫一线参与防治工作。
医疗队由国家中医药局副局长闫树江带队，中国中医科学院院长黄璐琦院士领队，广安门医院和西苑医院各派出呼吸科、急诊科、ICU等科室的6名医师和4名护士，携N95 口罩、手术衣以及部分中药等物资，乘火车前往武汉，提供中医医疗援助。
此前，由中国科学院院士、中国中医科学院首席研究员仝小林，广东省中医院副院长张忠德，中国中医科学院西苑医院呼吸科主任苗青，首都医科大学附属北京中医医院呼吸科主任兼肺病研究室主任王玉光组成的高级别中医专家组已经抵达武汉。

====侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====

出发前，黄璐琦就做了充足准备：研读疫情有关报道和科研文章，分析非典期间中医药发挥的优势和特色，梳理治疗方案；组建医疗队，培训呼吸科、急诊科、ICU等科室的医务人员；协调沟通武汉医务人员，了解武汉情况，准备防护物资。
金银潭医院是抗疫的最前沿和主战场之一。在该院坚持中西医结合，推动中医药全面参与治疗，搭建一个中医药的保障平台，积极完善中西医结合诊疗方案，对于抗击疫情有着重要作用。
1月29日，经过连续几天病区布局、人员调配、药品保障等准备，国家中医医疗队接管金银潭南一区。这也是疫情发生后第一个接管重病区的中医医疗队。
针对医院中药药品不足的现状，医疗队迅速搭建中药供应保障平台，保证医院药品供应。

Before setting out, Huang had made adequate preparations: reading relevant reports and scientific research articles on the epidemic, analyzing the advantages and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine during SARS, and sorting out treatment plans; Medical teams have been set up to train medical staff in respiratory, emergency and ICU departments and coordinating and communicating with medical personnel in Wuhan to understand the situation in Wuhan and prepare protective materials.
Jinyintan Hospital is one of the forefront and main battlefields in the fight against the epidemic. The hospital adheres to the combination of Chinese and Western medicine, promotes the full participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment, builds a platform for the protection of traditional Chinese medicine, and actively improves the diagnosis and treatment plan of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, which plays an important role in the fight against the epidemic.
On January 29, after several days of preparation, such as ward layout, staff allocation, and drug support, the National TCM medical team took over the first district of Jinyintan South. This is also the first TCM medical team to take over the critically ill area after the outbreak of the epidemic.
In view of the shortage of traditional Chinese medicine in hospitals, the medical team quickly set up a platform to ensure the supply of traditional Chinese medicine.

Before setting out, Huang had made adequate preparations, such as reading relevant reports and scientific research articles on the epidemic, analyzing the advantages and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine during SARS, and sorting out treatment plans; Medical teams have been set up to train medical staff in respiratory, emergency and ICU departments and coordinating and communicating with medical personnel in Wuhan to understand the situation in Wuhan and prepare protective materials.
Jinyintan Hospital is one of the forefront and main battlefields in the fight against the epidemic. The hospital adheres to the combination of Chinese and Western medicine, promotes the full participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment, builds a platform for the protection of traditional Chinese medicine, and actively improves the diagnosis and treatment plan of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, which plays an important role in the fight against the epidemic.
On January 29, after several days of preparation, such as ward layout, staff allocation, and drug support, the National TCM medical team took over the first district of Jinyintan South. This is also the first TCM medical team to take over the critically ill area after the outbreak of the epidemic.
Given the shortage of traditional Chinese medicine in hospitals, the medical team quickly set up a platform to ensure the supply of traditional Chinese medicine.

====胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi====

“接管病区奠定了中医药防控新型冠状病毒肺炎的基础”, 黄璐琦说，当时医疗队主管的32张病床开辟了中医药防控新冠肺炎的战场，使中医药能够与西医同台合作。
病区第一批患者服用中药，第二天就有患者反映：睡眠好转，咳喘、乏力症状减轻。
“寻找中医药疗效的高级别循证证据，有利于优化临床方案并加以推广，提高临床救治率。”黄璐琦介绍说，在医疗队接管金银潭医院病区的同时，中国中医科学院后方科研攻关组也同步成立，配合武汉前方进行临床数据分析，优化治疗方案。科研攻关组紧急设计开发了供医护人员使用的症状信息和舌诊图像采集程序，以及针对方舱医院的患者自述症状采集系统，为全面开展临床研究提供了技术支撑。

"Taking over the ward laid the foundation for TCM to prevent and control novel coronavirus pneumonia", Huang Luqi said that the 32 beds in charge of the medical team at that time opened up a battlefield for TCM to prevent and control COVID-19, enabling TCM to cooperate with western medicine on the same stage. The first batch of patients in the ward took traditional Chinese medicine, and the next day, some patients reported that their sleep improved, cough, asthma, and fatigue symptoms were relieved. "The search for high-level evidence of the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine is conducive to optimizing the clinical plan and promoting it to improve the clinical treatment rate." Huang Luqi said that while the medical team took over the ward area of Jinyintan Hospital, the rear scientific research team of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine was also set up synchronously to cooperate with the front of Wuhan to analyze clinical data and optimize the treatment plan. The scientific research team has urgently designed and developed the symptom information and tongue image acquisition program for medical staff, as well as the patient's self-reported symptom acquisition system for the shelter hospital, providing technical support for comprehensive clinical research.

====黄舒威 Huang Shuwei ====

金银潭8名患者经中西医结合治疗，2月3日病愈出院后不久，张定宇找到黄璐琦和苗青商量，希望在全院进行中西医结合治疗。
2月14日晚，湖北省新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控工作指挥部召开第24场新闻发布会，介绍中医药参与湖北省疫情防控有关情况。
黄璐琦在发布会上介绍说，截至2月14日，中国中医科学院医疗队在金银潭医院负责的床位42张，共收治患者86例，其中重症65例，危重21例，目前治愈的有33人。
他说：“我们把出院的患者进行统计对比，中西医结合在核酸转阴的时间上比纯西药效果显著，在降低发热、咳嗽、乏力、食欲减退、心慌等十个症状上比西医组的改善也更明显，对淋巴细胞中性粒细胞的改善也更明显，且中西医结合的平均住院时间小于西医治疗时间。”

Eight patients in Jinyintan were treated with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. Shortly after they were discharged from the hospital on February 3, Zhang Dingyu found Huang Luqi and Miao Qing to discuss, hoping to have integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in the hospital. On the evening of February 14, the Headquarters for the Prevention and Control of novel coronavirus Pneumonia in Hubei Province held the 24th press conference to introduce the participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and control of the epidemic in Hubei Province. Huang Luqi said at the press conference that as of February 14, the medical team of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine had 42 beds in charge of the Jinyintan Hospital, and 86 patients had been admitted, including 65 patients with severe diseases and 21 patients with critical diseases. At present, 33 patients have been cured. He said: "We statistically compare the discharged patients. The combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine has a significant effect on the time when nucleic acid turns negative compared with pure western medicine. It also has a more significant improvement on the ten symptoms, such as fever, cough, fatigue, anorexia, and palpitation, than the western medicine group. It also has a more significant improvement on the sex granulocytes in lymphocytes, and the average hospitalization time of the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine is less than the western medicine treatment time."

Eight patients in the Jinyintan Hospital were treated with the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine. Shortly after their discharge on February 3, Zhang Dingyu found Huang Luqi and Miao Qing to discuss, hoping to realize the treatment with the integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine in the whole hospital. On the evening of February 14, the 24th press conference was held by the Headquarters for the Prevention and Control of novel coronavirus Pneumonia in Hubei Province to introduce the participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and control of the epidemic in Hubei Province. Huang Luqi said at the conference that there had been 42 beds in charge of the medical team of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Jinyintan Hospital up to February 14, which has admitted 86 patients, including 65 patients with severe diseases and 21 patients with critical diseases. At present, 33 patients have been cured. “ Through the statistics and comparison of the patients that have been discharged, we can find that the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine has a more significant effect on the time when nucleic acid turns negative compared with pure western medicine, as well as on the improvement of fever, cough, fatigue, anorexia, and palpitation and other ten symptoms and on the recovery of the sex granulocytes in lymphocytes. Meanwhile, the average hospitalization time of the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine is less than the western medicine treatment time.” he said.

====姜雨露 Jiang Yulu ====

2020年2月25日,在武汉江夏方舱医院，湖南中医药大学第一附属医院医护人员易琴（前）带领新冠肺炎患者习练八段锦。（新华社记者沈伯韩摄）

On February 25, 2020, Yi Qin (the former), a medical staff from the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, led patients afflicted with COVID-19 to practice Baduanjin, a way to exercise, at the mobile cabin hospital of Wuhan Jiangxia. (Photographed by Shen Bohan, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency)

2020年2月26日，在武汉江夏方舱医院院内的“流动应急智能中药房”里, 工作人员吴志婷把盛有药方中包含的单味药的药瓶取下来后，逐一扫描确认，准备制药。（新华社记者沈伯韩摄）

On February 26, 2020, in the "Mobile Emergency Intelligent Chinese Pharmacy" of Wuhan Jiangxia mobile cabin hospital, Wu Zhiting, a staff member, took down the bottles containing the single medicine listed in the prescription, scanned them one by one for confirmation and preparation. (Photographed by Shen Bohan, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency)

3月4日，在发布的最新版诊疗方案中，由黄璐琦及团队根据临床不断优化的“化湿败毒方”被列入新冠肺炎重型患者推荐用药处方。“临床疗效才是评价中医药优势的金标准。”黄璐琦介绍说, 截至3月4日，他们这一团队共收治新冠肺炎患者121例，其中中医辨证纯中药治疗出院41例、中西医结合治疗出院32例。所收治新冠肺炎重症患者的病情好转率达到83.61%。

On March 4, in the latest version of the diagnosis and treatment plan released, "the prescription for removing dampness and detoxification", continuously optimized by Huang Luqi and his team according to the clinical practice, was included in the recommended prescription for COVID-19 patients with severe disease. "Clinical efficacy is the gold standard for evaluating the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine." Huang Luqi said. Up to March 4, their team had treated 121 patients with COVID-19, including 41 discharged patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine based on syndrome differentiation and 32 discharged patients treated with integrated traditional and western medicine. The improvement rate of severe patients with COVID-19 reached 83.61%.

====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====

截至3月上旬，中国中医科学院，北京中医药大学和天津、江苏、河南、湖南、陕西等地中医院抽调3300多名医务人员，组成多支国家医疗队驰援湖北和武汉，分别进驻金银潭医院、湖北省中西医结合医院、雷神山医院等重点院区，接管部分方舱医院。

2020年2月25日，在武汉江夏方舱医院，湖南中医药大学第一附属医院副院长、江夏方舱医院副院长朱莹（左）和湖南中医药大学第一附属医院医生戴飞跃（中）为一名新冠肺炎患者号脉。（新华社记者沈伯韩摄）

金银潭医院等几家重点医院中西医结合治疗的成功经验，很快在武汉推广开来。截至2月28日，武汉已开放的16家方舱医院收治的7600多位患者基本做到中医治疗全覆盖；湖北地区中医药参与救治确诊病例57910例，其中治愈出院 21193 例。

As of early March, more than 3,300 medical personnels from the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Chinese hospitals in Tianjin, Jiangsu, Henan, Hunan and Shaanxi formed several national medical teams to assist Hubei and Wuhan. They were stationed at key hospitals such as Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, and Thunder God Mountain Hospital and also took over some mobile cabin hospitals.
Zhu Ying (left), vice president of the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine and vice President of Jiangxia cabin hospital, and Dai Feiyue (center), a doctor of the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, were checking the pulse of a patient infected by coronavirus at the Jiangxia cabin hospital in Wuhan, February 25, 2020. (Photo by Shen Bohan, Xinhua News Agency)
The successful treatment of combining Chinese and Western medicine in several key hospitals, such as Jinyintan Hospital, soon spread in Wuhan. As of February 28, more than 7,600 patients admitted to 16 hospitals in Wuhan have been treated with TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) to a full coverage. TCM in Hubei has been applied to the treatment in 57,910 confirmed cases, of which 21,193 were cured and discharged.

====李鸿 Li Hong====

延伸阅读：
一位医生的确诊和治疗康复之路
从一名医生，到一名新冠肺炎患者，对左东波来说，不过是两天时间。
左东波，38岁，武汉东西湖第二人民医院的一名骨科医生。 2020年1月初，他在工作岗位上感染新冠肺炎。
“因为在门诊上班，遇到的患者比较多，也有医生出现发烧。我没有太在意，口服了奥司他韦，但是效果不好。”左东波回应说。出现症状后，病情发展之快，是左东波所没有预料到的。
1月7号，他开始严重发烧，咳嗽更加厉害。他自行打了吊针，都是门诊上自己开的方子，主要是头抱等药物。当天，左东波做了一个胸部CT,胸部CT显示肺部有轻度感染。
“一直熬到了 1月9号。9号上午我在上班，当时就已经高烧到39度多。"
左东波有种不好的预感，直觉告诉他，这不是简单的感冒。

Extended Reading: A Doctor’s Experience of Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation
It only took two days for Zuo Dongbo to go from a doctor to a patient with COVID-19. Zuo Dongbo, 38 years old, was an orthopedic doctor in Wuhan Dongxihu Second People’s Hospital. At the beginning of January 2020, he was infected with COVID-19 on his job. He recalled, “Since I worked in the outpatient department where I met many patients and some doctors also had a fever, so I didn’t care too much about it. I took oseltamivir, but it didn’t work.” However, he did not expect how rapid the disease can go after the onset of symptoms. On January 7th, he began to have a severe fever and cough even badly. He took a sling on his own, which were prescribed by the department, mainly were cephalosporins etc. On the same day, Zuo Dongbo had a chest CT, which showed that there was a slight infection in the lungs. “I was at work on the morning of the 9th, when my fever reached 39 degrees.” Zuo Dongbo had a bad feeling, and his intuition told him that it was not a simple cold.

====李佳珺 Li Jiajun====

“我从来没有过这样糟糕的感觉。自己平时身体状况很好，喜欢游泳，连药都没买过。” 1月9号，他在化验的时候加做了一个查血，随后又去做了一次CT。
这次他有点被吓到了：和之前的CT相比，肺部毛玻璃更加明显，而且双肺都有毛玻璃。
发现病情加重之后，左东波直接住到了东西湖区人民医院感染科，因为这个医院和他所在的东西湖区第二人民医院对口。科室的刘主任跟他是好朋友。
住院后，左东波一直备受煎熬，“从东西湖区人民医院转院时，感觉自己都快不行了。有一种濒死感，就像人淹到水里面一样，一脱离高压氧，根本没办法呼吸。”
从1月9日入住东西湖人民医院本部，到1月16日下午转到金银潭医院重症监护室，左东波经历了人生最难熬的一周。
从东西湖到金银潭，救护车载着左东波驶向生的希望。

“I have never had this kind of bad feeling. I’m always fighting fit. I love swimming. And I have never bought medicine.” On January 9th, he did an extra blood test when he had the coronavirus test, and then, he had a CT scan examination.
This time he was shocked by the result: compared with the former CT, ground-glass opacity was much more obvious, and the whole lung had GGO.
Knowing his health condition turned worse, Zuo Dongbo was directly hospitalized in the Dongxihu District People’s Hospital Infection Department. This hospital was opposite to the Second Dongxihu District Hospital which he worked at, and the office director Dr liu was his good friend.
Being hospitalized, Zoo Dongbo was suffering from the illness.“On the way leaving the hospital, I felt like I was dying. It’s like drowning, once I stopped having HPO, I cannot breathe.”
From January 9th, moving into the Dongxihu District People’s Hospital, to January 16th, transferring to the Jinyintan Hospital, Zuo Dongbo had had his most unbearable week in his life.
From Dongxihu to Jinyintan, the ambulance carried Zuo Dongbo to the hope of life.

“I have never had this kind of bad feeling. I’m always fighting fit. I love swimming. And I have never bought medicine.” On January 9th, he did an extra blood test when he had the coronavirus test, and then, he had a CT scan examination. This time he was shocked by the result: compared with the former CT, ground-glass opacity was much more obvious, and the whole lung had GGO. Knowing his health condition turned worse, Zuo Dongbo was directly hospitalized in the Dongxihu District People’s Hospital Infection Department. This hospital was opposite to the Second Dongxihu District Hospital which he worked at, and the office director liu was his good friend. Being hospitalized, Zoo Dongbo was suffering from the illness.“On the way transferring to the hospital, I felt like I was dying. It’s like drowning, once I stopped having HPO, I cannot breathe.” From January 9th, moving into the Dongxihu District People’s Hospital, to January 16th, transferring to the ICU of Jinyintan Hospital, Zuo Dongbo had had his most unbearable week in his life. From Dongxihu to Jinyintan, the ambulance carried Zuo Dongbo to the hope of life.

====李可依 Li Keyi ====

当他再次醒来时，发现自己已经在金银潭医院了， “我很庆幸，多亏了我妹妹和妹夫，替我做了一个很重要的决定—— 转到金银潭医院。”
刚转到金银潭医院，左东波话也说不出来。慢慢地恢复意识后，他的第一个感受是，这里的护士对待每个患者都如同自己家人。危重患者治疗要求不能脱氧，只能在床上大小便。年纪大的患者，翻身时需要几个护士一起做。身为同行和患者，左东波对于护士们的付出第一次感受得如此深入。

When he woke up again, he found himself in Jinyintan Hospital, "I am very lucky that thanks to my sister and brother-in-law, they made a very important decision for me - to transfer me to Jinyintan Hospital." When he was first transferred to Jinyintan Hospital, Zuo Dongbo couldn't even speak. After slowly regaining consciousness, his first feeling was that the nurses here treated every patient like their own family. The treatment for critically ill patients requires that they cannot go off oxygen and can only urinate and defecate in bed. For older patients, it takes several nurses to turn them over. As a peer and a patient, Zuo Dongbo felt the nurses' dedication so deeply for the first time.

When he woke up again, he found himself in Jinyintan Hospital, "I am very lucky that thanks to my sister and brother-in-law, they made a very important decision for me - to transfer me to Jinyintan Hospital." When he was first transferred to Jinyintan Hospital, Zuo Dongbo couldn't even speak. After slowly regaining consciousness, his first feeling was that the nurses here treated every patient like their own family. The treatment for critical patients requires that they cannot go off oxygen and can only urinate and defecate in bed. For older patients, it takes several nurses to turn them over. As a peer and a patient, Zuo Dongbo felt the nurses' dedication so deeply for the first time.

====李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====

同病房有四个重症患者，左东波眼看着他们一个个地离去，心里很不是滋味。在转入轻症病房前，左东波主动提议和护理他的上海支援湖北医疗队队员、复旦大学附属金山医院神经外科重症监护室主管护师张文英合影留念，互相加油鼓劲。

There were four critically ill patients in the same ward. Zuo Dongbo was very upset when he watched them leave one by one. Before he was transferred to the mild illness ward, Zuo Dongbo actively proposed to take a group photo with Zhang Wenying, the member of the Shanghai Support Hubei Medical Team and the nurse in charge of the neurosurgery intensive care unit of Jinshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, to cheer each other on.

There were four critically ill patients in the same ward. Zuo Dongbo was very upset when he watched the other three leave one by one. Before he was transferred to the mild illness ward, Zuo Dongbo suggested to take a photo with Zhang Wenying, a member of the Hubei-Supporting Medical Team of Shanghai and the nurse in charge of the neurosurgery intensive care unit of Jinshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, to cheer each other on.

1月31号，因不需要高流量给氧，左东波转到了普通病房。

On January 31, Zuo Dongbo was transferred to the general ward because he did not need high flow oxygen.

On January 31, Zuo Dongbo was transferred to the general ward because he did not need high flow oxygen any more.

在普通病房，左东波经常跟护士们交流防护方面的问题，叮嘱他们多注意穿脱细节。“因为穿着防护服，我其实记不住他们的长相，但确实很感激。”

In the general ward, Zuo Dongbo often communicated with nurses about protection issues, and told them to pay more attention to the details of wearing and taking off. "I can't remember their looks because I wore protective clothing, but I really appreciate it."

In the general ward, Zuo Dongbo often communicated with nurses about protection issues, and told them to pay more attention to the details of wearing and taking off. "I can't remember their looks because they wore protective clothing, but I'm really grateful to them."

从金银潭出院后，左东波进行了 14天的隔离观察。隔离观察期结束后，左东波又奔赴抗疫战场。
（李杰）

After discharge from Jinyintan hospital, Zuo Dongbo carried out an isolation observation for 14 days. After the isolation and observation period, Zuo Dongbo went to the anti epidemic battlefield again.
(Li Jie)

After discharge from Jinyintan hospital, Zuo Dongbo carried out an isolation observation for 14 days. After the isolation and observation period, Zuo Dongbo went to the anti-epidemic battlefield again.
(Li Jie)

金银潭抗疫纪爭

Anti epidemic Disciplinary Struggle in Jinyintan

Anti-epidemic in Jinyintan Hospital A record

==Part 6==

====李心田 Li Xintian====

第二早

坚守阵地的金银潭战士们

白衣作战袍，塵战金银潭。

金银潭医院作为抗击新冠肺炎疫情之战的风暴眼中心，可以说是战争最激烈的地方。医院所有在职干部职工坚守阵地，毫不退缩，与疫魔展开塵战。
院长张定宇是这一片战场的主心骨。在他的身后，是亲密无间的战友——“以身试药”的副院长黄朝林、为前线战士输送弹药的医院药师们、“生命摆渡人” 120团队、医院南二病区楼道和病房中进进出出的白衣天使、为所有医护人员和患者守着“一盏灯”的后勤员工、争分夺秒寻找病毒“解药”的医院 GCP机构、比任何人都更接近病毒的检验科员工

拼渐冻生命与疫魔竟速

记疫情“风暴眼”中武汉金银潭医院院长张定宇

The second morning

The ground-holding soldiers of Jinyintan Hospital

With white coat being campaign gown, fighting fiercely in Jinyintan Hospital.

As the storm eye center of the anti-pandemic battle, Jinyintan Hospital can be seen as the fiercest place of this battle. All the hospital’s cadres in work held the ground without any thought of retreating back and fought fiercely against the evil pandemic. Director Zhang Dingyu was the backbone of this field. Behind him were his close fellow fighters: vice director Huang Chaolin who “tested medicine in person”, pharmacists providing medicine “bullets” for the fighters in the front, the 120 work team who ferried lives, doctors in and out of the corridors and wards of the hospital south No. 2 department, the logistic staff supporting all medical staff and patients, the hospital GCP agency seizing every minute and second to find the cure for the virus, and the clinical laboratory staff who were the closest to the virus.

Strain an ALS life and race against evil pandemic

A recording of Director Zhang Dingyu of the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital in the “storm eye” of the pandemic.

Correction：The second morning

The ground-holding soldiers of Jinyintan Hospital

With white coat being campaign gown, fighting fiercely in Jinyintan Hospital.

As the storm eye center of the anti-pandemic battle, Jinyintan Hospital can be seen as the fiercest place of this battle. All the hospital’s cadres in work held the ground without any thought of retreating back and fought fiercely against the evil pandemic. Director Zhang Dingyu was the backbone of this field. Behind him were his close fellow fighters: vice director Huang Chaolin who “tested medicine in person”, pharmacists providing medicine “bullets” for the fighters in the front, the 120 work team who ferried lives, doctors in and out of the corridors and wards of the hospital south No. 2 department, the logistic staff supporting all medical staff and patients, the hospital GCP agency seizing every minute and second to find the cure for the virus, and the clinical laboratory staff who were the closest to the virus.

Strain an ALS life and race against evil pandemic

A recording of Director Zhang Dingyu of the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital in the “storm eye” of the pandemic.

====李彦 Li Yan====

生命，有起点，也会有终点。张定宇——武汉抗疫一线一位医护人员，似乎在按倒计时的方式与生命和时间进行着搏斗。
手里接打着一个又一个几乎不间断的电话，脚下步子也不停，还不忘对身边人发出一个又一个清晰的指令……
这，是武汉市金银潭医院院长张定宇给人的第一印象。
金银潭，老武汉人都未必熟悉的一家传染病专科医院，这些天频繁见诸媒体。这里，是最早集中收治不明肺炎患者的医院，是这场全民抗“疫”之战最早打响的地方。
张定宇在这场与病毒赛跑、与死神竞速的战事中，已经战斗了 33天。而他自己，也在同“渐冻症”进行着顽强斗争。
个性“粗糙”的院长：“幸亏靠了他的暴脾气和果断！”

Life has a beginning and an end. Zhang Dingyu, a paramedic on the front line of the fight against the epidemic in Wuhan, seems to be fighting for his life and time in a countdown manner.
With phone call after phone call almost non-stop in his hands and his feet on the ground, he is still giving clear instructions to those around him. ......
This, is the first impression given by Zhang Dingyu, the director of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital.
The first thing that struck me was that Zhang Dingyu, the director of the Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan, a specialist hospital for infectious diseases that may not be familiar to any old Wuhaner, is frequently seen in the media these days. It was the first hospital to focus on patients with unknown pneumonia and the first place where the battle against the epidemic was fought.
Zhang Dingyu has been fighting for 33 days in this race against the virus and death. He, too, has been fighting a tough battle against the disease.
The "rough" personality of the dean: "Fortunately, we can rely on his temper and determination!

====李梓玉 Li Ziyu====

2019年12月29日，武汉，雾，多云。
武汉华南海鲜批发市场首批不明肺炎患者转入位于武汉三环外的金银潭医院。
“当时不少医疗机构也陆续出现不明原因肺炎患者，绝对不能大意。”多年从事传染病防治，职业敏感让张定宇第一时间判断，这不是普通的传染病。
果断决策：他将这些患者迅速集中到隔离病房，穿上防护服，进隔离区查看症状，分析研判。
隆冬，一股寒意向张定宇袭来，情况比他想象的要糟。

====梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====

12月30日一早，他再度决策：紧急布置腾退病房，抽调更多医疗力量，新开两个病区，转入80多名患者，完成清洁消毒，设备物资人员调配……
平时少有人知晓的金银潭，拌和着空气中浓浓消毒水味的，还有凝重紧张的气氛。
人类与重大疾病斗争史上，未知和恐惧，从来都如影随形；清醒和果敢，也愈加珍贵地相生相伴。

2020年1月2 9S,武汉市金银潭医院院长张定宇回到医院后马上换装投入工作。（新华社记者肖艺九摄）

2020年1月29日，武汉金银潭医院院长张定宇接受新华社记者采访。（新华社记者肖艺九摄）

Early in the morning of December 30, he made another decision: emergency arrangements to vacate the wards, the deployment of more medical forces, the opening of two new wards, the transfer of more than 80 patients, the completion of the cleaning and disinfection, equipment and materials and personnel deployment ...... usually little-known Jinyintan, mixed with the strong smell of disinfectant water in the air, and the atmosphere of gloomy tension. In the history of mankind's struggle with major diseases, the unknown and fear have always followed each other; sobriety and boldness have become more and more precious together.

Zhang Dingyu, president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, returns to the hospital and immediately dresses for work on January 2, 2020. (Xinhua News Agency reporter Xiao Yijiu) On January 29, 2020, Zhang Dingyu, president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, was interviewed by Xinhua News Agency. (Photo by Xiao Yijiu, Xinhua News Agency)

correction：

Early in the morning of December 30, he made another decision: emergency arrangements to vacate the wards, the deployment of more medical forces, the opening of two new wards, the transfer of more than 80 patients, the completion of the cleaning and disinfection, the deployment of equipment, materials and personnel... Usually little-known Jinyintan is mixed with the strong smell of disinfectant water in the air and the atmosphere of tension. In the history of mankind's struggle with major diseases, the unknown and fear have always followed people; sobriety and boldness have intertwined and become more precious.

Zhang Dingyu, president of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan, returned to the hospital and immediately dresses for work on January 29, 2020. (Photo/Xinhua News Agency reporter Xiao Yijiu) On January 29, 2020, Zhang Dingyu, president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, was interviewed by Xinhua News Agency. (Photo/Xiao Yijiu, Xinhua News Agency)

====廖璐佳 Liao Lujia ====

之后的日子，时钟的钟摆对金银潭、对张定宇、对已知和未知的所有，似乎都踏上了加速度的轨道。
不断有新患者转入，相当于医院要不断“换水”，任何一丝不细致都会弄出乱子。
早上7点半，往往换班的医护人员还没到，张定宇就已经到了。“今天收了多少患者？ ” “多少出院？ ”他每次问，都要回答者脱口而出说出精确数字。“收患者、转患者、管患者，按道理有些事他可以不管，但他都会到现场亲自过问。”南三病区主任张丽说。
张丽2003年曾参与过抗击非典，对传染病防治是见过大场面的。搁平时，这位资深传染病医生，见了张定宇却多少会躲着走。“脾气粗糙，你和他说话都不许插嘴”，张丽说。

In the days that followed, the pendulum of the clock seemed to accelerate for Jin Yintan, Zhang Dingyu, and everything known and unknown. New patients were transferred to the hospital, which means hospital constantly cured former patients, and lack of meticulousness will make a mess. At 7:30 a.m., Zhang Dingyu had already arrived before the medical staff who worked the shift arrived. "How many patients were admitted today? How many are discharges?" Every time he asked, he had the respondents blurt out the exact number. “Accepting, transferring and managing patients are not his business and he can ignore some things, but he will go to the scene to personally inquire.” Zhang Li, director of the South Three ward, said. Zhang Li participated in the fight against SARS in 2003 and has seen big scenes in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Usually, this senior infectious disease doctor would hide away to some extent when he saw Zhang Dingyu. "You have a rough temper, so you are not allowed to interrupt him when you talk to him." Zhang Li said.

correction:
In the following days, the pendulum of the clock seemed to have accelerated for Jin Yintan, Zhang Dingyu, and everything known and unknown. New patients were transferred to the hospital, which means hospital constantly cured former patients, and lack of meticulousness will make a mess. At 7:30 a.m., Zhang Dingyu had already arrived before the medical staff who worked the shift arrived. "How many patients were admitted today? How many are discharges?" Every time he asked, he had the respondents blurt out the exact number. “Accepting, transferring and managing patients are not his business and he can ignore some things, but he will go to the scene to personally inquire.” Zhang Li, director of the South Three ward, said. Zhang Li participated in the fight against SARS in 2003 and has seen big scenes in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. In normal times, this senior infectious disease doctor would hide away somewhat when he sees Zhang Dingyu. "He has a rough temper, so you are not allowed to interrupt him when you talk to him." Zhang Li said.

====刘丛领 Liu Congling ====

张丽没想到的是，这次不仅是“粗糙”，更是躲不过去的 “折磨”。“任务布置急、要求高，事无巨细，骂起人来都不留情面。”
被“折磨”的张丽在这次危机中却感觉到张定宇“粗糙” 脾气下的细致。“幸亏靠了他的暴脾气和果断。有困难找他，总会有办法。现在看到他的身影，有种踏实的感觉。”
1月8日，国家卫健委公布，初步确认“新型冠状病毒” 为此次疫情的病原。
武汉，九省通衢，有1100万人口。几乎一夜间，成为一场波及全球疫情的“风暴眼”。
“风暴眼”中：“有他在，医护人员、患者、家属心里都有底。” 疫情袭来，冲击着每一个人。坚毅，能不能战胜恐慌？武汉，紧张中蕴含着不安和骚动。金银潭医院病区内，呼叫医务服务的铃声此起彼伏，与病楼外疏落的人影形成强烈的反差。
Zhang Li did not expect that this time is not only "rough", but also an unavoidable "torture". "The task is urgent and demanding, so there is no mercy in scolding people." "Tortured" Zhang Li in this crisis found Zhang Dingyu’ meticulousness under his cover of "rough" temper. "Thanks to his temper and determination. He can always find out a solution when you are stuck in trouble. I feel a sense of security when I see him." On January 8, the National Health Commission announced that the novel coronavirus was initially identified as the cause of the outbreak. Wuhan, a thoroughfare of nine provinces and home to 11 million people, became the epicentre of a global pandemic all but overnight. In the "eye of the storm", his being makes medical staff, patients, family members feel secure. The rampant epidemic was affecting everyone. Can perseverance conquer panic? In Wuhan, there is unease and commotion in the tension. In the ward of Jinyintan Hospital, the sound of the bell calling for medical services is repeated one after another, in sharp contrast to the scattered figures outside the building.

Correction:
Zhang Li did not expect that this time it was not only “rough”, but also an unavoidable “torture”. “The task is urgent and demanding, so there is no mercy in scolding people.” “Tortured” Zhang Li in this crisis found Zhang Dingyu’s meticulousness under his cover of “rough” temper. “Thanks to his hot temper and determination, he can always find out a solution when you are stuck in trouble. I feel a sense of security when I see him.” On January 8, the National Health Commission announced that the novel coronavirus was initially identified as the cause of the outbreak. Wuhan, a thoroughfare of nine provinces and home to 11 million people, became the epicentre of a global pandemic all but overnight. In the “eye of the storm”, having him there, the medical staff, patients and all family members felt secure. The rampant epidemic was affecting everyone. Could perseverance conquer panic? In Wuhan, there was unease and commotion in the tension. In the ward of Jinyintan Hospital, the sound of the bell calling for medical services rang one after another, in sharp contrast to the scattered figures outside the building.

====刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu ====

“风暴眼”中，张定宇走着、说着。
对患者，他是一种语气。
“您家莫急莫急，我马上安排人出来接。”
对下级，他是另一种态度。
“搞快点，搞快点，这个事情一点都等不得，马上就搞。” 严厉，但是镇定。
张定宇告诉大家：对呼吸道传染病不必过于恐慌，按要求做好防护就没危险。“我们要胆大心细！有什么责任有我担着。”
他身后，从一个病区，到一栋楼，到三栋楼；护士从两小时交接班一次，延长到四五个小时一次；医生更是恨不得把一个人掰成两个人来用……
“去年12月29日到现在，他没休过一天，只有两个晚上离开医院稍微早些。”金银潭医院党委书记王先广说。给他留下深刻印象的还有这位搭档蹒跚的身影。

In the “eye of the storm”, Zhang Dingyu walked and talked. To the patient, he said in a soothing voice, “Don’t worry. I’ll have someone pick you up right away.” To his subordinates, however, he has a different attitude, “Hurry up, hurry up! This can’t be put off. We must do it right now.” He was strict, but calm. Zhang Dingyu told everyone: there was no need to panic about respiratory infections. There would be no danger if everyone took proper precautions as required. “We must be bold but careful! I will take responsibility for whatever it is.” Behind him, it went from one ward, to one building, then to three buildings; nurses shift from once every two hours to once every four or five hours; doctors wished they could divide themselves into two... “Since December 29th last year, he has not taken a day off. Only two nights did he leave the hospital a little early.” said Wang Xianguang, the party secretary of Jinyintan Hospital. He was also impressed by the staggering figure of his partner.

====刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====

越来越多的同事发现，一向脚步如风的院长下楼梯脚步越来越慢。面对越来越多人的追问，张定宇终于承认：“我得了渐冻症，两年前就犯病了，下楼吃力，更怕摔倒。”
渐冻症是一种罕见病症，慢慢会进展为全身肌肉萎缩和吞咽困难，直至呼吸衰竭。“我特别怕下楼，必须扶着。平时，我下楼都会抓住我爱人。”
“多少次问他，都说膝关节动过手术。”感染科主任文丹宁说。直至这次，她和其他同事才回过神来，“为什么他脚步高低不平，上下楼一定要抓紧扶手，慢慢挪。”
北七病区护士长贾春敏却不承认。“他明明走得好快！ ” 1 月21日晚腾退完病房后，正等待转入新患者，贾春敏就接到张定宇电话：“五分钟到北7楼，看新病区还差些什么？ ”
放下电话，贾春敏赶着拉上装物资的小推车一路小跑。“他从办公室到北7楼比我远，等我到的时候，他已经在那儿了。” 贾春敏说，“平时他老跟不上我们，但他拼的时候，我们跟不上他。”
“有他在，医护人员、患者、家属心里都有底。”文丹宁说。

More and more colleagues found that the director who walked so fast in the past now was slow when walking down the stairs. Facing with increased questions, Zhang Dingyu eventually admitted that, “I got ALS two years ago. At that time, it was hard for me to walk down the stairs, and I was more afraid of falling.” ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) is a rare disease, and it would gradually cause systemic amyotrophy and dysphagia until respiratory failure happens. “I specially terrify of going downstairs, so I must hold something when I doing that. I usually grasp my wife when walking down.” Wen Danning, the head of infectious disease department, said, “I have asked him for several times, but he just told me that he had a surgery on his knee.” She and her colleagues were not realized that until this time, “That is why his steps are uneven and he always walks slowly while going up and down the stairs with grasping the handrail firmly.” Jia Chunmin, the head nurse of North No.7 ward area, didn’t acknowledge that, “He walks so fast obviously!” After clearing all the wards and waiting for new patients on January 21, Jia received Zhang’s call, “I will arrive the North No.7 building, please check what should be implemented.” Jia ran with a small cart to carry supplies immediately after putting down her phone. “The distance between his office and the building is further than I have. But when I arrive there, he is already there.” Jia said, “He can’t follow us in ordinary time, but we can’t follow him when he works so hard.” Wen Daning said, “Medical workers, patients and family members of them are relieved for he is being there.”

====刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====

33天和30分钟：“没说太多话，都很疲惫，只是离开时叮嘱了下：保重。”
慢和快，在张定宇身上，在疫情发生后，组成奇妙的复合体。
清早6点钟起床、次日凌晨1点左右睡觉，不知不觉成了常态。好几个夜晚，张定宇凌晨2点刚躺下，4点就被手机叫醒。
情和痛，也不知从什么地方会来个突然袭击。
金银潭医院收治首批患者22天后，张定宇得到消息：在武汉另一家医院工作的妻子，在工作中被感染新型冠状病毒，住进相隔十多公里的另一家医院。
妻子入院三天后，晚上11点多，张定宇赶紧跑去探望，却只待了不到半小时。“没说太多话，都很疲惫，只是离开时叮嘱了下：保重。”采访时，张定宇不愿多回忆那宝贵的30 分钟。
“实在是没时间。我很内疚，我也许是个好医生，但不是个好丈夫。”眼前这位五大三粗，和普通人眼中医生形象很不匹配的硬汉，眼圈忽然红了。“我们结婚28年了，刚开始两天她状态不好，我就怕她扛不过去。”

33 days and 30 minutes: "He didn't say much, very tired, but when he left, he told me to take care."
Slow and fast, in Zhang Dingyu, after the outbreak, form a wonderful compound.
Waking up at 6 a.m. and going to bed at 1 a.m. the next morning became the routine without realizing it. On several nights, Zhang was woken up by his cell phone at 4 a.m. after just lying down at 2 a.m.
He didn't know where and when the pain and emotions would come out of nowhere.
Twenty-two days after the first patients were hospitalized at Jinyintan Hospital, Zhang got the news that his wife, who worked at another hospital in Wuhan, had been infected with the new coronavirus at work and was sent to another hospital more than 10 kilometers away.
Three days after his wife was sent to the hospital, at 11 p.m., Zhang rushed to visit, but stayed less than half an hour. He didn't say much, he was very exhausted, but when he left, he said, "Take care." At the time of the interview, Zhang Dingyu did not want to recall the precious 30 minutes.
"I really didn't have time. I feel guilty, I may be a good doctor, but I'm not a good husband." The man in front of me, who is big and bold and does not match the image of a doctor in the eyes of ordinary people, suddenly has red eyes. "We've been married for 28 years, and when she was in bad condition for the first two days, I was afraid she wouldn't make it."

====刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing====

不能完全停下来，也不能时时刻刻在动。张定宇的渐冻病需要比别人更好掌握这个度。
几乎没时间去看患病的妻子，却又搁不下、放不了挂念，没法想象张定宇心里怎么过的这道坎。
一个多月，夜以继日，张定宇病了。躺在床上输液时，手里仍拿着各种材料数据了解患者情况、重症人数、救治进展，布置各项工作……刚刚好一点，只要可能，张定宇都会再穿上被称为“猴服”的防护服，从患者通道走到隔离病房，走到重症室查房。
“穿着防护服，走路都能听到呼吸、心跳，出来前心后背都湿透了。”张定宇的感受，是疫情笼罩下，医护人员最真实的感受。
好在，坎过去了。妻子在入院十天后的1月29日下午，痊愈出院。这个消息让已经了解张定宇，知道了这样一位战“疫” 勇士事迹的人们，都松了一口气。
急切的记者电话核实这个压抑中难得的好消息时，已经是晚上11点了。开车回家路上的张定宇说了一句话：“对，两次核酸检测呈阴性。”
张定宇的“三重身份”：“无论哪个身份，在这非常时期、危急时刻，都没理由退半步，必须坚决顶上去！”
共产党员、院长、医生，是张定宇的三重身份。
“无论哪个身份，在这非常时期、危急时刻，都没理由退半步，必须坚决顶上去！”张定宇说。
You can't stop completely, nor can you move all the time. Zhang Dingyu's acromegaly requires a better grasp of this than others.
It is impossible to imagine how Zhang Dingyu's heart can survive this hurdle when he barely has time to see his sick wife, but cannot put aside or let go of his worries.
For more than a month, night and day, Zhang Dingyu became ill. While lying in bed receiving an infusion, he was still holding various materials and data to understand the situation of the patients, the number of serious cases, the progress of treatment, and to set up various tasks. ...... Whenever possible, Zhang Dingyu would put on his protective suit, known as the "monkey suit", and walk from the patient corridor to the isolation ward and to the intensive care unit. The first time I saw him, I was in the hospital.
"In the suit, I could hear my breathing and heartbeat when I walked, and the back of my heart was soaked through before I came out." Zhang Dingyu's feelings are the most realistic of the health care workers in the grip of the epidemic.
The good news is that the hurdle has passed. Ten days after his wife was admitted to hospital, on the afternoon of 29 January, she was discharged. The news was a relief to those who already knew about Zhang Dingyu and the story of such a warrior in the battle against the epidemic.
It was already 11pm when an eager reporter called to verify this rare and depressing news. On the drive home, Zhang Dingyu said, "Yes, the two nucleic acid tests were negative.
Zhang Dingyu's "triple identity": "No matter which identity, there is no reason to take a half-step back at this extraordinary and critical time, we must resolutely go up!
The triple identity of Zhang Dingyu is that of a Communist Party member, a director and a doctor.
"No matter which identity he has, there is no reason to take a half-step back in these extraordinary and critical times. Zhang Dingyu said.

You can't stop completely, nor can you move all the time. Zhang Dingyu's Als requires a better grasp of this than others.For more than a month, night and day, Zhang Dingyu was sick. While lying in bed getting an infusion, he still had various materials and data in his hand to understand the patient's condition, the number of serious cases, the progress of treatment, and to set up various tasks ...... Whenever possible, Zhang Dingyu would put on the protective suit called "monkey suit" again and walk from the patient's passage to the isolation ward and to the intensive care unit. The company's main business is to provide a wide range of products and services.
"Wearing a protective suit, you can hear breathing and heartbeat when you walk, and you come out all wet." Zhang Dingyu's feelings are the most realistic feelings of health care workers under the epidemic's grip."In the suit, I could hear my breathing and heartbeat when I walked, and the back of my heart was soaked through before I came out." Zhang Dingyu's feelings are the most realistic of the health care workers in the grip of the epidemic.
The good news is that the hurdle has passed. Ten days after his wife was admitted to hospital, on the afternoon of 29 January, she was discharged. The news was a relief to those who already knew about Zhang Dingyu and the story of such a warrior in the battle against the epidemic.
It was already 11pm when an eager reporter called to verify this rare and depressing news. On the drive home, Zhang Dingyu said, "Yes, the two nucleic acid tests were negative.
Zhang Dingyu's "triple identity": "No matter which identity, there is no reason to take a half-step back at this extraordinary and critical time, we must resolutely go up!
The triple identity of Zhang Dingyu is that of a Communist Party member, a director and a doctor.
"No matter which identity he has, there is no reason to take a half-step back in these extraordinary and critical times. Zhang Dingyu said.

====鲁思 Lu Si ====

57岁的张定宇，从一名普通医生起步，先后担任武汉市四医院副院长，武汉血液中心主任。
从医33年，他曾随中国医疗队出征，援助阿尔及利亚； 2011年除夕，作为湖北第一位“无国界医生”，出现在巴基斯坦西北的蒂默加拉医院……
他和同事们的身影，也曾出现在重大灾害发生的现场。 2008年5月14日，四川汶川地震第三天，他带领湖北省第三医疗队出现在重灾区什都市……
“像张定宇这样的党员干部，始终冲在最前线，让大家都感觉特别有主心骨。”张丽说。

2020年1月29日，由于渐冻症的关系，张定宇爬起楼时十分不便。（新华社记者肖艺九摄）

Zhang Dingyu, 57, started out as a general practitioner and has served as vice president of Wuhan Hospital IV and director of Wuhan Blood Center. On New Year's Eve 2011, as the first "Doctors Without Borders" in Hubei, he appeared at the Timergala Hospital in northwest Pakistan ....... He and his colleagues have also appeared at the scene of major disasters. He and his colleagues have also been on the scene of major disasters. On May 14, 2008, the third day of the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province, he led the third medical team from Hubei Province in the hardest-hit city of Shidu. ......Zhang Li said, "Party members like Zhang Dingyu are always at the front line, making everyone feel especially at ease."

January 29, 2020, due to the relationship of acromegaly, Zhang Dingyu climb up the building is very inconvenient.

Zhang Dingyu, 57, started out as a general practitioner and has served as vice president of Wuhan Hospital IV and director of Wuhan Blood Center. With 33 years of medical service, he once went on an expedition with the Chinese medical team to help Algeria. On New Year's Eve 2011, as the first "Doctors Without Borders" in Hubei, he appeared at the Timergala Hospital in northwest Pakistan ....... He and his colleagues have also been on the scene of major disasters. On May 14, 2008, the third day of the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province, he led the third medical team from Hubei Province in the hardest-hit city of Shidu. ......Zhang Li said, "Party members and cadres like Zhang Dingyu are always at the front line, making everyone feel especially at ease."

January 29, 2020, it was very inconvenient for Zhang Dingyu to climb up the building due to the ALS.

====陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin ====

55岁的南六病区主任陈南山顶上去了！

Chen Nanshan, the 55 year old director of South No.6 Ward, pressed on!

Chen Nanshan, the 55 year old director of South No.6 Ward, pressed on!

在春节期间人手最紧张的时候，临危受命，参与两个ICU病区建立，最多的时候1人管理3个病区近百名患者。

During the Spring Festival, when the staff was most scarce, he was assigned to take part in the establishment of two ICU wards. At most, one person managed nearly 100 patients in three wards.

During the Spring Festival, when the staff was most scarce, he was assigned to take part in the establishment of two ICU wards. At most, one person managed nearly 100 patients in three wards.

南四病区副主任余婷和同在医院护士岗位的妻子顶上去 T!夫妻俩把上小学的孩子丢给父母，坚守一线30多天。

Yu Ting, the deputy director of South No.4 Ward, and his wife, who was also a nurse in the hospital, pressed on! The couple left their children in primary school to their parents and stuck to the front line for more than 30 days.

Yu Ting, the deputy director of South No.4 Ward, and his wife, who was also a nurse in the hospital, pressed on! The couple left their children in primary school to their parents and stuck to the front line for more than 30 days.

一米五出头，看着柔弱的ICU病区主任吴文娟顶上去了！从首批不明原因肺炎患者入院，直到自己因疑似感染新型冠状病毒被隔离才下火线。

At a height of just over 150 centemeters, Wu Wenjuan, the ICU ward director who looked delicate, pressed on! From the first batch of patients with unexplained pneumonia were admitted to the hospital, Wu continued working in the front line until she was quarantined for suspected infection with novel coronavirus.

At a height of just over 150 centemeters, Wu Wenjuan, the ICU ward director who looked delicate, pressed on! From the first batch of patients with unexplained pneumonia were admitted to the hospital, Wu continued working in the front line until she was quarantined for suspected infection with the COVID-19.

金银潭医院240多名党员顶上去了!没有一个人迟疑、退缩，全部挺在急难险重岗位。有了张定宇和党员们，600多名职工全部坚守岗位，从未有人主动要“下火线”。

More than 240 Party members of Jinyintan Hospital pressed on! No one hesitated or retreated, and they were all in urgent and dangerous positions. With Zhang Dingyu and the Party members, more than 600 employees all stuck to their posts, and no one had ever taken the initiative to leave the front line.

More than 240 Party members of Jinyintan Hospital pressed on! No one hesitated or retreated, and they were all in urgent and dangerous positions. With Zhang Dingyu and the Party members, more than 600 employees all stuck to their posts, and no one had ever taken the initiative to leave the front line.

====马明宇 Ma Mingyu====

战疫魔，金银潭医院动起来了，武汉动起来了，全中国动起来了。战事还远未结束，还会有惨烈，有悲壮，甚至牺牲。

The plague whisperer, Jinyintan Hospital has moved, Wuhan has moved, and the whole of China has moved. The war is far from over, there will be miserable, tragic and even sacrifice.

The war against the epidemic is on, the Jinyintan Hospital is on the move, Wuhan is on the move, and all of China is on the move. The war is far from over, and there will be tragedy, tragedy and even sacrifice.

“健康所系，性命相托”。对张定宇们，这是践行的誓言！对无数民众，这是力量所在，希望所在。

"Tie with health, entrust by life." For Zhang Dingyu and other doctors, this is the oath to practice! For millions of people, this is where strength lies and hope lies.

"When health is at stake, lives are at stake". For Zhang Dingyu and other doctors, this is a vow to be fulfilled! For countless people, this is where strength and hope lie.

动如风火的张定宇也有个希望，在自己能动的时候，跑赢这次与新型冠状病毒的赛跑。

Zhang Dingyu, who moves like wind and fire, also has a hope that he will win the race against the COVID-19 when he is active.

Zhang Dingyu, who moves like wind and fire, also has a hope that he will win the race against the COVID-19 when he is active.

“我会慢慢失去知觉，将来会真的跟冻住了一样。”张定宇下意识地摸了摸腿，“慢慢我会缩成小小一团，固定在轮椅上。每个渐冻患者，都是看着自己一点点消逝的……”

"I'll lose consciousness slowly, and I'll be really frozen in the future." Zhang Dingyu subconsciously touched his leg. "Slowly I will shrink into a small ball and stay in a wheelchair." Every patient who has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is watching himself disappear little by little..."

"I'll lose consciousness slowly, and I'll be really frozen in the future." Zhang Dingyu subconsciously touched his leg. "Slowly I will shrink into a small ball and stay in a wheelchair." Every patient who has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is watching himself disappear little by little..."

“生命留给我的时间不多了。必须跑得更快，才能跑赢时间，把重要的事情做完。”

"I don't have much time left. So I have to run faster to beat the time and get the important things done."

"I don't have much time left. So I have to run faster to beat the time and get the important things done."

====彭琦 Peng Qi ====

2020年1月27 B,在武汉金银潭医院综合病区楼，张定宇在联系协调工作。（新华社发柯皓摄）
伴着高低不平的脚步，和电话那头急促的声音,张定宇转身，朝着隔离病区走去……
1月31日，难得的冬日暖阳照进了这座非常的江城。
下午5点左右，消息传来：20名新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎患者从金银潭医院集体出院，最大年龄患者64岁，最小年龄 15岁。这是疫情发生以来同时出院人数最多的一次。
截至目前，金银潭医院累计出院确诊患者72例。
（新华社武汉2020年1月31日电记者钱彤、李鹏翔、侯文坤、黎昌政）
Zhang Dingyu contacts and coordinates work in the general ward building of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan on January 27, 2020. (Xinhua News Agency photo by Ke Hao)
With uneven footsteps and an urgent voice on the other end of the phone, Zhang Dingyu turns around and walks towards the isolation ward ......
The rare warm winter sun shone into the city of Wuhan on January 31.
At around 5 pm, the news came in that 20 pneumonia patients with novel coronavirus infection were discharged from Jinyintan Hospital, the oldest patient 64 years old and the youngest 15 years old. This is the largest number of patients discharged at the same time since the outbreak began.
So far, a total of 72 patients have been discharged from Jinyintan Hospital with confirmed cases.
(Xinhua News Agency, Wuhan, January 31, 2020 - Reporters Qian Tong, Li Pengxiang, Hou Wenkun and Li Changzheng)

On January 27, 2020, Zhang Dingyu (pictured by Ke Hao at Xinhua News Agency) worked on contacts and coordination in the general ward building of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan. With uneven footsteps and an urgent voice from the phone, Zhang Dingyu turned around and walked towards the isolation ward…
The warm winter sun rarely shone into the city of Wuhan on January 31.
At around 5 P.M., the news came in that, 20 pneumonia patients with novel coronavirus infection, ranging from 15 to 64 years old, were discharged from Jinyintan Hospital. It the largest release since the epidemic outbreak.
So far, 72 patients in total have been discharged from Jinyintan Hospital with confirmed cases. (Xinhua News Agency, Wuhan, January 31, 2020 - Reporters Qian Tong, Li Pengxiang, Hou Wenkun and Li Changzheng)

====漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====

老搭档眼中的张定宇
“好搭档好同事，好兄弟好战友。作风硬朗，遇到问题从来不退缩。”这是金银潭医院党委书记王先广对张定宇的评价。王先广和张定宇搭班子，两人再熟悉不过。他也比医院任何人都早一些知道张定宇渐冻症的病情。
王先广和张定宇都是医生，比常人更加了解渐冻症的后果和危险性。王先广说，其实张定宇这个病，是需要好好回家洗个热水澡的，既不能完全停下来，也不能时时刻刻在动。他需要掌握这个度，但是他又不能掌握这个度，因为工作在不断推着他动，最初30多天，张定宇有好几个通宵只是在办公室沙发上打了个盹。
尽管张定宇用了一些治疗方法，但仍然没有明显向好的方向转化的迹象。王先广心里也很难受,渐冻症患者肌肉萎缩以后，力量就会受限制，有一次下楼的时候，张定宇差一点摔倒下去，因为腿没有支撑能力。张定宇私下多次跟他说，两个人在一起的时候让王先广扶一下他。

Eyed as an excellent partner, nice colleague, intimate brother and reliable comrade by the old partner, resolutely Zhang Dingyu keeps moving on when encountering problems. This is what Wang Xianguang, secretary of the Party committee of Jinyintan Hospital, said about Zhang. Owing to common shifts, Wang and Zhang are familiar with each other. Wang also knows how Zhang 's progressive frostbite is like earlier than anyone in the hospital. Wang and Zhang, both doctors, are much clear about the consequences and risks of progressive frostbite than ordinary people. In fact, Zhang's illness needs to go home and take a warm bath, said Wang. It can neither stop completely nor be active all the time. The degree needs to be under control but he can't, because his work keeps pushing him. In the first 30 days, Zhang just took a nap on the office sofa several nights. Although Zhang has used some treatment methods, there is still no obvious sign of improvement. Wang was also very upset. After the muscle atrophy of the patients with progressive frostbite, their strength would be limited. Once, when he went downstairs, Zhang almost fell down because his legs could not support him. Zhang told him many times in private that Wang would help him when they were together.

In the eyes of his old partner， Zhang Dingyu is a "Good partner, good colleague, good brother, good comrade. His style is tough, and he never flinches when he encounters problems." This is the evaluation of Zhang Dingyu by Wang Xianguang, secretary of the Party Committee of Jinyintan Hospital. Wang Xianguang and Zhang Dingyu team up, the two are familiar with each other. He also knew about Zhang Dingyu's acromegaly earlier than anyone else in the hospital.
Wang Xianguang and Zhang Dingyu are both doctors and understand the consequences and dangers of acromegaly better than normal people. Wang Xianguang said, in fact, Zhang Dingyu's disease, is the need to go home and take a hot bath, can not completely stop, but also can not move all the time. He needs to master this degree, but he can not, because the work is constantly pushing him to move, the first 30 days, Zhang Dingyu just stayed in the office sofa doze for a number of overnight.
Despite the treatment methods Zhang Dingyu used, there were no obvious signs of transformation for the better. Wang Xianguang was also very upset, because after the muscle atrophy of patients with acromegaly, their strength would be limited, and once when he went downstairs, Zhang Dingyu almost fell down because his legs had no support. Zhang Dingyu told him many times in private that he should let Wang Xianguang help him when they were together.

====覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====

疫情发生以来，来金银潭医院指导交流的专家越来越多，原本就很疲乏的张定宇，脚步跟不上，只好叫班子其他领导送。
“不是因为他自己受不了，而是来了这么多专家，没有接送，对不住大家。大家来支援指导我们，没有按照礼节做到位，所以把原因说明下，更多人也就知道了他渐冻症的情况。”
“没有誓师，没有举旗喊口号，就是一线战地动员，像张定宇这样的党员自觉往前线走，带动其他医院员工动起来。” 在王先广眼里，张定宇真的是面对生死而不变色，“有险情他一定第一个冲上去”。
很多人都说张定宇是个“急脾气”，对此王先广非常理解，作为院长，张定宇做事风风火火，敢于担当，冲在前、干在前，这是他的优点。有时候如果拖延一点，甚至会耽误一条生命， “所以他说话做事都不喜欢拖泥带水，不管是我跟他讨论问题，还是其他下属向他汇报工作，他都会让大家直入主题”。
在王先广眼里，张定宇是一头狮子，敢冲敢拼，发起脾气来, 暴跳如雷，但是一头温情的狮子，很细心、很细致、很关心人。

Since the outbreak, more and more experts came to Jinyintan Hospital for guidance and exchange. Zhang Dingyu, who was already very tired, could not keep up and had to ask other leaders of the team to send him.
"It's not because he couldn't stand it, but he felt sorry for all the experts who came without transportation. You guys all came to support and guide us, but we didn't do it according to the etiquette. So I decided to explain the reason, and more people will know about his acromegaly."
"No pledge, no flag， no slogans, as if a front-line battlefield mobilization, all of the party members like Zhang Dingyu consciously to the front line, driving other hospital staff to act." In the eyes of Wang Xianguang, Zhang Dingyu really can not cahnge color when he face the life and death, "when there are dangerous situations he must be the first to rush up".
Many people say Zhang Dingyu is a "impetuous temper", which Wang Xianguang understands very well. As a dean, Zhang Dingyu do things very quick, daring to take charge, rushing ahead, trying in front, that are all his advantages. Sometimes if you delay a little, you would even delay a life, "so he does not like to drag out things, whether I discuss issues with him, or other subordinates to report on the work, he will let everyone straight to the point."
In the eyes of Wang Xianguang, Zhang Dingyu is a lion, daring to fight. Once the temper strikes, he will storm out. But he is still a warm lion, very careful, very meticulous, very caring.

====卿子晔 Qing Ziye====

王先广说，作为院长的张定宇要布置全局，要调动力量，有重大险情的时候也会第一个冲上去。他用实际行动践行了对党忠诚、热爱人民的初心和使命！他是这次抗击新冠肺炎疫情中产生的诸多优秀共产党员中的杰出代表。
在张定宇身上，集中体现了无私无畏、担当作为的政治品格和勇毅果敢、雷厉风行的工作作风。作为共产党员，他时刻把人民群众生命安全和身体健康放在第一位，他默默承受着个人身体疾病的巨大痛苦，而用“渐冻的生命”托起了患者生的希望和信心。作为领导干部，他临危不惧、冲锋在前，应对危机镇定自若，是全院干部职工的“主心骨”和抗击疫情的“中流砥柱”。作为医生，凭借多年深厚的职业素养，成就了首战告捷，为全面打赢这场阻击战奠定了坚实基础。用他自己的话说：“我是共产党员、医务工作者，非常时期、危急时刻，必须坚决顶上去。”他是这么说的，也是这么做的，在面对重大疫情的危急时刻，他能够豁得出去，没有丝毫的畏惧和退缩，义无反顾。他是一条硬汉子、一个真英雄。

====仇绪 Qiu Xu ====

王先广说，张定宇的事迹和鲜为人知的病痛被曝光以后，感动了中国，同时更加深深打动了医院所有人。在他强大的精神力量感召下，医院内产生了巨大的冲击波，凝聚起了满满的正能量！
2月1。日，习近平总书记远程连线慰问金银潭医院医务人员代表之后，金银潭医院党委及时组织学习贯彻习近平总书记指示精神，再动员、再鼓劲、再部署。金银潭医院迅速掀起了学习先进典型、营造“比学赶超”浓厚氛围的热潮，全院党员干部职工以张定宇为榜样，在各自岗位上加班加点、奋力拼搏。尽管50多天没有休息，大家任劳任怨，不叫苦不怕累。钏足一股劲，咬咬牙，拼一拼，坚决顶上去。
张定宇就像一面旗帜，在抗击疫情的主战场上高高飘扬。在他的带动下，全院上下充满了决战决胜的责任感、使命感，大家的工作积极性和主动性更强，工作效率更高。
王先广说，抗击疫情的过程中，金银潭医院涌现出来一大批优秀的党员、干部和职工，如副院长黄朝林，科主任陈南山、夏家安，护士长瞿昭辉、吴静，医生涂盛锦、余振兴，护士胡绪娟、樊莉……

Wang Xianguang said that after Zhang Dingyu's story and little-known illness was exposed, it moved China and at the same time touched everyone in the hospital even more deeply. Inspired by his powerful spirit, the hospital has generated a huge shockwave of positive energy!
On February 1, after General Secretary Xi Jinping's remote link condolences to the medical staff representatives of Jinyintan Hospital, the Party Committee of Jinyintan Hospital promptly organised the study and implementation of General Secretary Xi Jinping's instructions, remobilised, re-energised and redeployed. Jinyintan Hospital quickly set off a wave of learning from advanced models and creating a strong atmosphere of "learning from each other and catching up with each other", and all party members and cadres and staff of the hospital followed Zhang Dingyu's example and worked overtime and hard at their respective posts. Although there was no rest for more than 50 days, everyone worked hard and was not afraid of suffering. They gritted their teeth, put up a fight and were determined to go on top.
Zhang Dingyu was like a flag flying high on the main battlefield of the epidemic. Led by him, the whole hospital was filled with a sense of responsibility and mission to win the battle, and everyone was more active and proactive in their work and worked more efficiently.
Wang Xianguang said that in the process of fighting the epidemic, a large number of outstanding party members, cadres and staff emerged from Jinyintan Hospital, such as Vice President Huang Chaolin, department heads Chen Nanshan and Xia Jia'an, head nurses Qu Zhaohui and Wu Jing, doctors Tu Shengjin and Yu Zhenxing, and nurses Hu Xujuan and Fan Li.

Wang Xianguang said that after Zhang Dingyu's story and little-known illness was exposed, which moved China and at the same time touched everyone in the hospital even more deeply. Inspired by his powerful spirit, the hospital has generated a huge shockwave of positive energy! On February 1, after General Secretary Xi Jinping's remote link condolences to the medical staff representatives of Jinyintan Hospital, the Party Committee of Jinyintan Hospital promptly organised the study and implementation of Xi’s instructions: re-mobilization, re-encouragement and re-deployment. Jinyintan Hospital quickly set off a wave of learning from advanced models and creating a strong atmosphere of "learning from each other and catching up with each other", and all party members, cadres and staff of the hospital followed Zhang Dingyu's example and worked overtime and hard at their respective posts. Although there was no rest for more than 50 days, everyone worked hard and was not afraid of suffering. They gritted their teeth, put up a fight and were determined to go on top. Zhang Dingyu was like a flag flying high on the main battlefield of the epidemic. Led by him, the whole hospital was filled with a sense of responsibility and mission to win the battle, and everyone was more active and proactive in their work and worked more efficiently. Wang Xianguang said that in the process of fighting the epidemic, a large number of outstanding party members, cadres and staff emerged from Jinyintan Hospital, such as Vice President Huang Chaolin, department heads Chen Nanshan and Xia Jia'an, head nurses Qu Zhaohui and Wu Jing, doctors Tu Shengjin and Yu Zhenxing, and nurses Hu Xujuan and Fan Li.

====全永慧 Quan Yonghui====

一个人的多身份战“疫”历程
武汉市金银潭医院，与病房里面的忙碌相比，院区的过道上显得特别的安静。
在这里，希望与失望交织，生存与死亡较量，人类与疫病决斗。
这两者，金银潭医院副院长黄朝林都是亲历者。
1月19日,武汉市卫健委举行新闻发布会，针对武汉市新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎综合防控答记者问。当时，湖北省医疗组专家、武汉市金银潭医院副院长黄朝林作为专家出席，并在发布会上介绍，武汉市不明原因的病毒性肺炎被确定为新型冠状病毒感染所致后，国家相关科研机构迅速研发出病毒核酸检测试剂盒，随后进行技术优化。1月16日,湖北省疾病预防控制中心收到国家下发的试剂盒后，开始对武汉市送检的不明原因的病毒性肺炎患者标本进行病原学检测。
三天后，1月22日,黄朝林的新型冠状病毒核酸检测结果显示为阳性，他也确诊被感染了。

The story of a person's battle against COVID-19 with multi-identity.
In the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, compared with the busyness inside the ward, the quietness in the aisle of the hospital was particularly apparent. Here, hope intertwined with disappointment, life competed with death, and human fought with diseases. Huang Chaolin, vice president of Jinyintan Hospital, is a witness to both of them. On January 19, Wuhan Healthcare Commission held a press conference to answer questions about the comprehensive prevention and control of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus in Wuhan. At that time, Huang Chaolin, an expert of Hubei medical group and vice president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, attended the meeting, at which he introduced that after pneumonia of unknown cause was identified as the infection of a novel coronavirus, related national scientific research institutions quickly developed nucleic acid detection kits and then optimized that technology. On January 16, Hubei CDC received the kit issued by the state, and then medical staff began to carry out etiological detection on the specimens of patients of unknown etiology. Three days later, on January 22, Huang Zhaolin tested positive for COVID.

The experience of a person's battle against COVID-19 with multi-identity.
In the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, compared with the business inside the ward, the quietness in the corridor of the hospital was particularly apparent. Here, hope intertwined with disappointment, life competed with death, and human beings fought with diseases. Huang Chaolin, vice president of Jinyintan Hospital, is a witness to both of them. On January 19, Wuhan Healthcare Commission held a press conference to answer questions about the comprehensive prevention and control of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus in Wuhan. At that time, Huang Chaolin, an expert of Hubei medical group and vice president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, attended the meeting, at which he introduced that after pneumonia of unknown cause was identified as the infection of a novel coronavirus, related national scientific research institutions quickly developed nucleic acid detection kits and then optimized that technology. On January 16, Hubei CDC received the kit issued by the state, and then medical staff began to carry out etiological detection on the specimens of patients of unknown etiology. Three days later, on January 22, Huang Zhaolin tested positive for COVID.

====任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====

3月2日，黄朝林历经40天的隔离治疗和康复，回到工作岗位再战新冠肺炎疫情。
一个人的多身份战“疫”历程要从2019年12月27日说起。
2019年12月27日晩，黄朝林和张定宇正在办公室讨论事情，其间他接到一个武汉同济医院打来的电话，请求将一名冠状病毒肺炎患者转至金银潭医院。对方在电话中说，已在病例样本中检测出冠状病毒基因序列。
凭借职业敏感，黄朝林和张定宇，立即拨通了北京地坛医院专家的电话，得到的建议是接收患者，展开调查和研究。后来因患者家属不同意，未能转入金银潭。
2019年12月29日，对黄朝林来说，是一个特殊的日子。
这一天，也是黄朝林个人战“疫”打响的第一天。
On March 2, after 40 days of isolation treatment and rehabilitation, Huang Chaolin returned to work to fight the COVID-19 again. The course of a person's multi identity war "epidemic" would start on December 27, 2019. On the evening of December 27, 2019, Huang Chaolin and Zhang Dingyu were discussing matters in the office. During the discussion, he received a call from Wuhan Tongji Hospital requesting that a patient with coronavirus pneumonia be transferred to Jinyintan Hospital. The other person said on the phone that the coronavirus gene sequence had been detected in the case samples. With occupational sensitivity, Huang Chaolin and Zhang Dingyu immediately called the experts of Beijing Ditan Hospital, and they were advised to receive patients for investigation and research. Later, because the patient's family members did not agree, they were unable to transfer to Jinyintan. December 29, 2019 is a special day for Huang Chaolin. This day is also the first day of Huang Chaolin's personal battle against the epidemic.

On March 2, after 40 days of isolated treatment and rehabilitation, Huang Chaolin returned to work to fight the COVID-19 again. A person's multi identity war against "epidemic" would start on December 27, 2019. On the evening of December 27, 2019, Huang Chaolin and Zhang Dingyu were discussing matters in the office. During the discussion, he received a call from Wuhan Tongji Hospital requesting that a patient with coronavirus pneumonia be transferred to Jinyintan Hospital. The other person said on the phone that the coronavirus gene sequence had been detected in the case samples. With the sensitivity as a doctor, Huang Chaolin and Zhang Dingyu immediately called the experts of Beijing Ditan Hospital, and they were advised to receive patients for investigation and research. Later, because the patient's family members did not agree, they were unable to transfer to Jinyintan. December 29, 2019 is a special day for Huang Chaolin. This day is also the first day of Huang Chaolin's personal battle against the epidemic.

====疏珊 Shu Shan====

黄朝林得到通知，让他到湖北省中西医结合医院，对不明原因的肺炎患者进行会诊。一一看完患者后，黄朝林说，这些患者可能有传染性，收治在综合医院存在安全隐患。
黄朝林回忆，当天接到通知后，他和另外一名医院同事戴 ±N95 口罩，穿了件普通工作服，迅速赶往湖北省中西医结合医院，发现这些患者已被安排在呼吸科相对独立的区域进行了隔离。
到医院后，呼吸内科主任张继先向他们介绍了这些患者的收治情况、可疑状况等，并和他们一一查看患者。坐下来充分讨论后，专家们决定，把患者转去金银潭。随后，黄朝林通过电话向张定宇和武汉市卫生健康委做了汇报，调来了负压救护车。
一次传染病患者的转运，对一家传染病医院来说习以为常。始料不及的是，随后的这场战“疫”，却前所未有地艰难。
安排好转运的事，黄朝林和同事又赶紧赶回自己的医院。

Huang Chaolin was informed that he had been sent to the Hubei Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine to consult with patients with unexplained pneumonia. After seeing the patients one by one, Huang said that these patients might be infectious and that there was a safety risk if they were admitted to a general hospital.
He and another hospital colleague, wearing a ±N95 mask and ordinary work clothes, quickly rushed to the Hospital, where the patients had been isolated in a relatively separate area of the respiratory department.
On arrival at the hospital, Zhang Jixian, Director of the Respiratory Medicine Department, briefed them on the admissions and suspicious conditions of the patients, and examined them one by one. After a thorough discussion, the experts decided to transfer the patients to Jinyintan. Huang Zhaolin then reported to Zhang Dingyu and the Wuhan Health and Wellness Commission by telephone, and a negative pressure ambulance was brought in.
A transfer of a patient with an infectious disease is not unusual for a hospital. What was unexpected was that the subsequent battle against the "epidemic" was more difficult than ever.
After arranging the transfer, Huang Chaolin and his colleagues rushed back to their hospital.

====王芳玲 Wang Fangling====

为防止传染，他们要用最快的速度，把南七楼的患者转移，腾出病房。
因为南七楼是金银潭医院的重症病区，从外院转来的疑难传染患者，会先安排到这里。
医院给参加转运的医护人员全部上了三级防护，每转一个患者，救护车就要彻底消毒一次，再接下一个患者。
患者全部转入后，金银潭医院的专家立刻开始会诊。您住哪里？在哪里上班？最近接触过什么人？接触过什么动物？……他们一边会诊，一边对患者展开了流行病学调查，直到凌晨三四点……
这次转运从傍晚一直持续到深夜。

To prevent infection, they had to move the patients on the south seventh floor and vacate the wards as quickly as possible. The south seventh floor as the intensive care ward of Jinyintan Hospital, patients who are transferred from other hospitals with difficult infections will be arranged here first. All the medical and nursing staffs who participated in the transfer were put on protection suits, masks at highest-level, and every time a patient was transferred, the ambulance had to be thoroughly disinfected before receiving the next patient. After all the patients transferred, specialists from Jinyintan Hospital immediately started the consultation. Where do you live? Where do you work? Who have you been in contact with recently? What animals have you been in contact with? ...... They started an epidemiological investigation of the patients while consulting them until three or four in the morning. ...... The transfer lasted from late afternoon until late at night.

To prevent infection, the patients on the south seventh floor had to be transferred to other facilities as quickly as possible to vacate the wards because the south seventh floor is the intensive care ward of Jinyintan Hospital and patients who are transferred from other hospitals with difficult infections will be arranged here first. All the medical and nursing staffs who participated in the transfer were put on protection suits, masks at highest-level, and every time a patient was transferred, the ambulance had to be thoroughly disinfected before receiving the next patient. After all the patients transferred, specialists from Jinyintan Hospital immediately started the consultation. Where do you live? Where do you work? Who have you been in contact with recently? What animals have you been in contact with? ...... They started an epidemiological investigation of the patients while consulting them until three or four in the morning. ...... The transfer lasted from early evening until late at night.

====王纪龙 Wang Jilong====

此后，黄朝林几乎没有休息，没有外出，没有回过家，几乎夜以继日地奋战在抗疫火力最猛的第一线。
随着时间的推移，这类感染者日益增加，金银潭医院开始人满为患。后来，湖北省卫健委从武汉地区抽调了医护人员支援金银潭医院。
清腾病房、添置各种必须的仪器、安置患者、安排前来支援的外院医护人员……医疗上的事，在他的职责范围，他得管；作为专家，本院外院的会诊他要参加，他还以专家的身份出席了两场疫情发布会。对他来说，每天能睡上4个小时就算是很奢侈了……
进展快，是新冠肺炎的一个特点。作为医生，黄朝林参加了一些危重患者的抢救和病例讨论。当时对这个疾病真的是一无所知，病原不知道，感染途径不知道，患者的病情都比较重。直到几天后，才陆续发现有些轻症患者。

Since then, Huang Chaolin has hardly rested, gone out, or returned home. He has been working on the frontline of fighting the epidemic almost day and night. Over time, the number of such infections has progressively increased, and Jinyintan Hospital has become overcrowded. Later, under the Hubei Provincial Health Commission’s command, health workers were drafted from Wuhan to staff Jinyintan Hospital. Cleaning wards, adding various necessary instruments, hospitalizing patients, and arranging health workers coming from other hospitals for support... As a doctor, he had to take charge of medical matters; As an expert, he had to participate in the internal and external consultations. What’s more, he also attended two COVID-19 briefings as a specialist. For him, it is a luxury to sleep for 4 hours every day... Rapid progress is a feature of COVID-19. As a doctor, Huang Chaolin participated in the rescue and case discussion of some patients who were in dire straits. At that time, there were a lot of unanswered questions about the disease such as the pathogen and the route of infection, and the patients' conditions were relatively serious. It was not until a few days later that some mild patients were found.

Since then, Huang Chaolin had hardly rested, gone out, or returned home. He had been working on the frontline of fighting the epidemic almost day and night. Over time, the number of such infections had progressively increased, and Jinyintan Hospital had become overcrowded. Later, under the Hubei Provincial Health Commission’s command, health workers were drafted from Wuhan to staff Jinyintan Hospital. Cleaning wards, adding various necessary instruments, hospitalizing patients, and arranging health workers coming from other hospitals for support... As a doctor, he had to take charge of medical matters; As an expert, he had to participate in the internal and external consultations. What’s more, he also attended two COVID-19 briefings as a specialist. For him, it was a luxury to sleep for 4 hours every day... One of the hallmarks of Covid-19 is its rapid growth. As a doctor, Huang Chaolin participated in the rescue and case discussion of some patients who were in dire straits. At that time, there were a lot of unanswered questions about the disease such as the pathogen and the route of infection, and the patients' conditions were relatively serious. It was not until a few days later that some mild patients were found.

====王露 Wang Lu====

连续超负荷工作带来的疲劳和压力让黄朝林的免疫力下降, 每天与之塵战的病毒已不知不觉潜入他的体内，正在等待发作的时机。从1月17日开始，他感到人很不舒服。22日那天，他的核酸检测结果出来，是阳性，他感染了。晚上，他抽空去拍了 CT,双肺已有毛玻璃样病灶。
那天之后，黄朝林再次走进病房时，他的身份已经变成患者, 血氧饱和度不到93%,属于重症。也是同一天，他在参加克力芝试药的临床观察知情同意书上签下自己的名字，以身试药，成为了 “试药人”中的一员，他想要通过自己的治疗，来验证克力芝治疗新冠肺炎的临床疗效和安全性。
服药后，腹泻、呕吐等严重不良反应接踵而来。

Huang Chaolin’s continuous overwork made him exhausted and stressed out, leading to decreased immunity. The coronavirus he fought against every day had crept into his body and was waiting for the right moment to attack. On January 17th, he began to feel unwell. And 5 days later, the result of his Covid test came out. It’s positive which meant he was infected. In the evening, he got a chance to have a CT scan, and it showed that there was ground-glass opacity in his lungs. After that, stepping into the ward, he became the patient in severe condition because his blood oxygen saturation level is less than 93%. At the same day, he signed the informed consent for clinical observation of Corizol test. From then on, he became one of the testers. He wanted to verify the effect and security of Corizol against Covid-19. However, the severe adverse reaction such as diarrhea and emesis kept coming.

Continuous overwork made Huang Chaolin exhausted and stressed out, leading to his decreased immunity. The coronavirus he fought against every day had crept into his body and was waiting for the right moment to attack him. On January 17th, he began to feel ill. And 5 days later, his Covid test showed positive, which meant he was infected. In the evening, he got a chance to have a CT scan, and it showed that there was ground-glass opacity in his lungs. After that, stepping into the ward, he became the patient in severe condition because his blood oxygen saturation level is less than 93%. At the same day, he signed the informed consent for clinical observation of Corizol test and became one of the testers. He wanted to verify the effect and security of Corizol against Covid-19 by his own experience. However, the severe adverse reaction such as diarrhea and emesis kept coming.

====王琪 Wang Qi====

在病房里，黄朝林听其他医生说，此前 ECMO救治的那名患者在坚持了近20天后还是去世了。作为专家，他很清楚，自己的病情可能也会一步步滑向危重，他也担心自己的病情发展到上呼吸机、上 ECM。那一步。病情反复的过程持续了十多天, 2月4日以后病情才出现拐点，肺部影像学逐渐好转，两次核酸检测呈阴性，符合出院标准。
3月2日，黄朝林历经40天的隔离治疗和康复，再回战“疫” 一线上班，再战新冠肺炎疫情。返岗第一天，黄朝林把自己的工作日程安排得满满的，去了很多病区了解情况，参加了一些医疗队交流会。在有的病区，他一边询问入院患者特点、治疗手段、出院情况，一边记录下需要解决的问题。
当前，战“疫”还在持续，黄朝林表示，他会更加小心，做好防护，不到全胜不松懈。

In the ward, Huang Chaolin heard from other doctors that the patient who had been treated in ECMO had died after nearly 20 days. As a specialist, he knew that his own condition might worsen into critical condition, and he also worried that oneday he should put on a ventilator or ECMO. The relapse of illness lasted for more than 10 days, and it was February 4 that his condition showed a turning, with lung imaging eventually improving and nucleic acid tested negative for twice, which meant he may be discharged.
On March 2, after 40 days of quarantine, treatment and recovery, Huang returned to work on the front lines of the "epidemic" and fought theCOVID-19 pandemic again. On his first day back at work, Huang arranged his work schedule to the fullest, visiting many wards to get the situation and attending some medical team exchange meetings. In some wards, he asked about the characteristics of patients admitted to the hospital, their treatment methods and discharge conditions, while taking notes on the problems to be solved.
As the war against the epidemic continues, Huang said he will be more careful, take good precautions, and not let up until the batlle has won.

==Part 7==

====汪世博 Wang Shibo====

为省10分钟，夫妻俩“以车为家”
2月22日晚9时许，不远处“武汉市金银潭医院”的霓虹灯光，揉进车内昏暗的光束里，映在涂盛锦和曹珊脸上，让这个夜晚显得不是那么冷。
这是这对医护夫妻将要在车上度过的第29个晚上。
和往常一样，涂盛锦在前排副驾斜躺着，翻着书，曹珊在后排半卧着，盯着手机，时不时两人就把头凑一块聊上几句。
今年44岁的涂盛锦是武汉市金银潭医院南六楼重症隔离病区副主任医师，40岁的曹珊是南二楼病区护士。
首批9名“不明肺炎患者”转入金银潭医院后的第二天，涂盛锦就参与到了救治工作中。后来，病区越开越多，曹珊从 1月7日也投入到了这场战“疫”。

To save time, the couple chose to live in a car
At 9:00 p.m. on February 22, the lights of the neon sign reading "Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital" not far away mixed with the dim light in the car and reflected on the faces of Tu Shengjin and Cao Shan, making the night not so cold. This is the 29th night the healthcare couple will spend in the car. As usual, Tu Shengjin was lying reclined in the front passenger seat, flipping through a book, while Cao Shan was half reclining in the back row, staring at the mobile phone, and from time to time the two of them put their heads together to chat. 44-year-old Tu Shengjin is the deputy chief physician of the intensive isolation ward on the sixth floor of South Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan City, and Cao Shan, 40, is a nurse in the ward of the second floor of the south. The day after the first batch of 9 patients with "unknown pneumonia" were transferred to Jinyintan Hospital, Tu Shengjin participated in the treatment work. Later, more and more wards were opened, and Cao Shan also participated in this "epidemic" battle from January 7.(Wang Yashu)

====王雅姝 Wang Yashu ====

同一栋楼，但两人白天各自忙各自，没时间见面，11岁的儿子完全交给了家中的老人。
“家在武汉南湖边，隔着长江，开车要40分钟。”曹珊说，平时都是涂盛锦开车，一起上下班。
疫情暴发后，医院成为抗疫前线，涂盛锦所在的重症病区上下班没准点。曹珊说，有次两人下班匆匆忙忙回到家，丈夫车都没下，又要赶回医院继续上班，“第二天一早又来家里接我上班，那样他太辛苦。“
1月23日，武汉关闭出城交通，不久市内公共交通停运，全院医护和工作人员不能回家的太多，加上前来支援的医疗队，单位宿舍爆满，酒店房间也吃紧。夫妻俩决定把机会让给其他同事，“在车上睡几次也习惯了”。
正月初一那天开始，这辆陪伴8年的爱车成了他们的第二个家。

Though working in the same building, both the husband and the wife were busy with their own jobs during the day and had no time to see each other. Their 11-year-old son was taken care of by his grandparents at home.
"Our house is located at the South Lake in Wuhan, separated from the hospital by the Yangtze River. It takes 40 minutes to drive," said Cao Shan. The couple usually commutes together with Tu Shengjin driving the car. After the outbreak of the epidemic, the hospital became the front line of the fight against the epidemic, and the intensive care area where Tu worked had no fixed time for work and rest. According to Cao Shan, once when they hurried back home, her husband even didn't get out of the car and immediately drove back to the hospital to continue working.
"The next morning, he came back home to pick me up for work. It was too exhausting for him." On January 23, Wuhan imposed a traffic lockdown and soon public transportation was suspended. Too many doctors, nurses, and staff in the hospital could not go home. And with the medical teams who came to support, the hospital's dormitory could not accommodate more people, and the hotel rooms were also under strain. Therefore, the couple decided to give up the opportunity to other colleagues, "I have got used to sleeping in the car after a few times." From the first day of the first lunar month, this beloved car that has been with them for 8 years has become their second home.

====王植碧 Wang Zhibi====

2020年2月22日晩，在武汉市金银潭医院内，涂盛锦（左）和曹珊在车内休息（新华社记者熊琦摄）
“买车时特意挑了一款后备厢大的，想着以后有机会自驾露营。”曹珊笑了起来。
“我个儿不高，前座也还塞得下。她睡后排，为了方便她伸开腿脚，塞了纸箱把后排空隙填起来，还有爱心人士捐的暖宝宝。”涂盛锦对眼前的“居住环境”还蛮知足。
这些天，医院又协调出一些附近的酒店房间，可两人反而有点舍不得这个“小家”。
“房间是有，但酒店到医院开车都得10多分钟。遇到抢救的，那是按秒算，有这时间就可能把患者从死亡线上拉回来！”涂盛锦还是决定在车上过夜，而且基本不脱外套，就盖个被子，“现在是吃饭、睡觉都要抓紧时间的时候，能省多少时间是多少。”
On the evening of February 22, 2020, in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tu Shengjin (left) and Cao Shan were taking a rest in the car (photographed by Xiong Qi, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency). "When buying a car, we chose a large trunk, thinking that we would have a chance to camp by ourselves in the future." Cao Shan laughed. "I'm not tall, and the front seat can still be stuffed. She sleeps in the back row. In order to make it easier for her to stretch her legs, she fills the space in the back row with cardboard boxes. There are also warm babies(heat patch) donated by good-hearted people." Tu Shengjin is quite satisfied with the "living environment" in front of her. These days, the hospital has coordinated some nearby hotel rooms, but they two are a little reluctant to part with this "small home". "There are rooms, but it takes more than 10 minutes to drive from the hotel to the hospital. In case of rescue, it is calculated by the second, and the patient may be pulled back from the death line at this time!" Tu Shengjin still decided to stay in the car overnight, and did not take off his coat, so he just put on a quilt. "Now it is time to hurry up when eating and sleeping,we need to try our best to save time"

On the evening of February 22, 2020, in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tu Shengjin (left) and Cao Shan were taking a rest in the car (photographed by Xiong Qi, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency). "When buying a car, we intentionally chose a large trunk, thinking that we would have a chance to camp by ourselves in the future." Cao Shan laughed. "I'm not tall, and the front seat can still be stuffed. She sleeps in the back seat. In order to make it easy for her to stretch her legs, she fills the space in the back row with cardboard boxes. There are also warm babies(heat patches) donated by good-hearted people." Tu Shengjin is quite satisfied with the "living environment" in front of him. These days, the hospital has coordinated some nearby hotel rooms, but they two are a little reluctant to part with this "small home". "There are rooms, but it takes more than 10 minutes to drive from the hotel to the hospital. In case of rescues, time is calculated by the second, and the patient may be pulled back from the death line at this time!" Tu Shengjin still decided to stay in the car overnight and usually did not take off his coat, so he just put on a quilt. "Now it is time to hurry up even when eating and sleeping, we need to try our best to save time."(Wang Zhiling)

====王智灵 Wang Zhiling====

“病房里一个电话，他比谁都跑得快。”曹珊说，知道涂盛锦放心不下患者，她也留下来陪丈夫，“我一个人睡不着，我不在旁边，他也睡不安稳。”
白天4层楼的距离，对涂盛锦和曹珊来说可望而不可即。每天车上说说话，两人已经很满足。
平日里，涂盛锦不怎么爱说话，但在车上这会儿，总喜欢凑着曹珊聊天。
曹珊说，没了生活上的琐事，就聊聊科室里的工作，说着说着就睡着了。
涂盛锦偷偷告诉记者，曹珊一晚上大概要翻身10次左右， “我都数着呢。她一有动静，我都能感觉到，动一下就回头看她一眼，被子有没有掉了，腿有没有放好。”
深夜，武汉的风依旧凛冽。

"As long as a phone call rings in the ward, he runs faster than anyone else." Cao Shan said, Knowing that Tu Shengjin worried about patients, she also stayed with her husband, "I can't sleep alone, he can't sleep well either when I’m not beside him." During the day, Tu Shengjin and Cao shan were separated by the distance of four floors, which is beyond reach for them. They have been very satisfied with talking to each other in the car every day. On ordinary days, Tu Shengjin doesn't like to talk, but he always like to chat with Cao Shan while in the car. Cao shan said, they talk about the work in the department without the trivia of life, and gradually fall asleep while talking. Tu Shengjin secretly told the reporter that Cao Shan would turn over about 10 times a night, "I've counted it. Whenever she moves, I can feel it. If she moves, I will look back at her to see if the quilt has fallen off or if her legs have been put away." Late at night, the wind in Wuhan is still chilly.

“With a call from the hospital ward, he would run faster than anyone.” Cao Shan said that knowing that Tu Shengjin was always worried about the patient, she also stayed with her husband, “I can't sleep on my own, he couldn't sleep well without me around.” During the day, the distance of four stories was out of reach for Tu Shengjin and Cao Shan. The couple was highly satisfied just with the little talks in the car. Usually, Tu Shengjin does not like to talk, but now in the car, he is so fond of chatting with Cao Shan. Cao Shan said, without the trifles in life, they just talk about the work in the department, and they would fall asleep as they were talking. Tu Shengjin secretly told the reporter that Cao Shan would turn over about 10 times a night, “I actually count. Every time she moves, I can feel it and I will look back at her to see if the quilt is off and if her legs are in place.” Late at night, the wind in Wuhan was still brisk.

====吴博涵 Wu Bohan====

“以后回想起来，应该是挺浪漫的一件事吧。”涂盛锦放下手里的书，扭头盯着已相识近20年的曹珊说道。
小车里，有点挤，有点呼噜声，余下的，是关于“疫”时的别样陪伴。
早晨6点半，是夫妻俩下车的时间，他们又将开始新一天的战“疫”
（新华社武汉2020年2月23日电记者侯文坤）

“Looking back on it, it must have been romantic.” Tu Shengjin put down his book and stared at Cao Shan, whom he has met for nearly 20 years. It was a little crowded in the car, some are little snoring noises, and the rest is about a special kind of company at the time of “pandemic”. It was 6:30 a.m. and the time for the couple to get off the car and start another day of fighting the “pandemic”. [Wuhan, February 23rd, 2020 (Xinhua News Agency, Reporter Hou Wenkun)]

“At some point, we’ll look back and this is going to be a romantic story.” Tu Shengjin put down his book and turned to look at Cao Shan, whom he had met for nearly 20 years. It was a little crowded in the car, some were little snoring noises, and the rest was about a special kind of company during pandemic. It was 6:30 a.m. and the time for the couple to get off the car and start another day of fighting the pandemic. [Wuhan, February 23rd, 2020 (Xinhua News Agency, Reporter Hou Wenkun)]

风暴中心的药师们

The pharmacists in the storm center

The pharmacists in the eye of the storm

武汉市金银潭医院内有一支负责为前线输送“弹药”的保障部队——药师们。
为了不能让战士空手与病毒肉搏，药师们放弃所有休假，举全科之力，积极投身到战场中去。

Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan has a support unit responsible for delivering "ammunition" to the front line -- pharmacists. In order not to leave the soldiers empty-handed while hand-to-hand combating with the virus, the pharmacists gave up all the leave and actively dived into the battlefield with all the strength of the whole department.

Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan has a support unit responsible for delivering "ammunition" to the front line -- pharmacists. In order not to leave the soldiers empty-handed in the hand-to-hand fight with the virus, the pharmacists gave up all their leave and rallied the whole department to actively dive into the battlefield.

====伍超穎 Wu Chaoying====

疫情就是命令！

Go where there is epidemic, fight it till it perishes.

The epidemic brings an order!

战“疫”刚刚打响，医院药剂科党支部书记郭晓红就立即召开了支部党员大会，宣布进入战时状态。门诊药房冯金海，中药房韩龙蜂，住院药房闫勇、涂莉、祁玮，药办张志右、章文、段洪，纷纷表态服从科室安排，随时支援工作量大的部门。

As soon as the fight against COVID-19 started, Guo Xiaohong, secretary of the Party branch of the Pharmacy Department of the hospital, immediately held a Party member meeting of the Party branch and announced that it had entered into a “wartime” state. Feng Jinhai of Outpatient Pharmacy, Han Longfeng of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, Yan Yong, Tu Li, Qi Wei of Inpatient Pharmacy, and Zhang Zhiyou, Zhang Wen, and Duan Hong of the Office of Pharmaceutical Science, all said that they would be subject to the arrangement of the department and support sections with heavy workloads at any time.

As soon as the fight against COVID-19 started, Guo Xiaohong, secretary of the Party branch of the Pharmacy Department of the hospital, immediately held a Party member meeting of the Party branch and announced that it had entered into a state of wartime. Feng Jinhai of Outpatient Pharmacy, Han Longfeng of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, Yan Yong, Tu Li, Qi Wei of Inpatient Pharmacy, and Zhang Zhiyou, Zhang Wen, and Duan Hong of the Office of Pharmaceutical Science, all have expressed their obedience to the arrangement of the department and support departments with heavy workload at any time.

战斗一开始，药剂科就少了两名员工，紧接着又因病减员一人。关键时刻，药剂科党支部的党员们，主动申请加入到人员紧张的药库和住院药房，充分发挥党员先锋模范带头作用，奋战在药剂科最前线，保证了药剂科各项工作的顺利开展，给医护一线提供了强有力的药品保障。

At the beginning of the battle, the Pharmacy Department was two members short, and then one less person due to illness. At a critical moment, the Party members of the Party branch of the Pharmacy Department took the initiative to apply to join the understaffed drug storehouse and Inpatient Pharmacy and give full play to the exemplary vanguard role of Party members, fighting at the forefront of the Pharmacy Department to ensure a good start of various tasks in the Pharmacy Department and the full supply of medicines for frontline health workers.

At the beginning of the battle, the Pharmacy Department was two members short, and then one less person due to illness. At the critical moment, the Party members of the Party branch of the Pharmacy Department took the initiative to apply to join the understaffed drug storehouse and Inpatient Pharmacy and give full play to the exemplary vanguard role of Party members, fighting at the forefront of the Pharmacy Department to ensure the smooth development of various tasks in the Pharmacy Department and provide a full supply of drugs for the front line of medical workers.

党支部书记郭晓红、住院药房班组长闫勇、药剂科负责人陈靖瞰就是其中代表人物。

Guo Xiaohong, secretary of the Party branch, Yan Yong, team leader of the Inpatient Pharmacy, and Chen Jingkan, head of the Pharmacy Department, were among the representatives.

Guo Xiaohong, secretary of the Party branch, Yan Yong, team leader of the Inpatient Pharmacy, and Chen Jingkan, head of the Pharmacy Department, were among the representatives.

====吴敏 Wu Min====

郭晓红自战“疫”打响那一刻起，就放弃了所有的休息，即便自己身体不适，仍然一直坚守在药房一线。在这非常时期，她一方面积极协助药剂科各项工作，做好人员调配、药品消毒品领用与发放等工作，另一方面挤出时间安排支部党员的主题党日学习。她说，工作再忙也不能放弃学习，尤其要向身边先进典型学习，学习英雄人物张定宇院长“舍小家顾大家”的无私奉献精神，学习放射科樊艳青主任爱岗敬业、精益求精的专业精神。
同时她又是科室职工的贴心人，工作之余，经常关心职工，嘘寒问暖，每天反复多次叮嘱大家一定要做好个人防护，确保零感染。她常说：“做好个人防护，既是保护自己，也是保护家人！”
1月2 8日，早上7时30分许，郭晓红突然接到电话，马上有一批援助药品到医院，需要接收。她放下电话，立即推上推车赶往医院门诊大楼。一辆堆满了足足有数百件药品的超长大卡车停在门诊大楼前。
Guo Xiaohong gave up all her rest from the moment the "epidemic" began. Even if she was not feeling well, she still stayed on the front line of the pharmacy. During this extraordinary period, on the one hand, she actively assisted the pharmacy department in various work, doing a good job in personnel deployment, drug disinfection collection and distribution, etc. On the other hand, she squeezed out time to arrange the theme of party members of the branch on Party Day study. She said that no matter how busy you are at work, you can't give up your study. In particular, you should learn from the selfless dedication of the hero Dean Zhang Dingyu, who "giving up his family and taking care of everyone", and learn the professionalism of Director Fan Yanqing of the Department of Radiology。At the same time, she is also a caring person for the staff in the department. After work, she often cares about the staff, asks for their warmth, and repeatedly urges them to do a good job of personal protection several times a day to ensure zero infection. She often said, "To do a good job of personal protection is not only to protect yourself, but also to protect your family! On January 28, at 7:30 a.m., Guo Xiaohong suddenly received a call that there was a batch of aid drugs coming to the hospital and needed to be received. She put down the phone and immediately pushed on the trolley to the hospital outpatient building. An extra-long truck filled with hundreds of pieces of medicine was parked in front of the clinic building.

Since the outbreak of the epidemic, Guo Xiaohong has given up all rest. Even if she was not feeling well, she still stayed on the front line of the pharmacy. During this extraordinary period, on the one hand, she actively assisted the pharmacy department in various work, doing a good job in personnel deployment, drug disinfection collection and distribution, etc. On the other hand, she squeezed out time to arrange the theme of party members of the branch on Party Day study. She said that no matter how busy you are at work, you can't give up your study. In particular, you should learn from the selfless dedication of the hero Dean Zhang Dingyu, who "giving up his family and taking care of everyone", and learn the professionalism of Director Fan Yanqing of the Department of Radiology。At the same time, she is also a caring person for the staff in the department. After work, she often cares about the staff, asks for their warmth, and repeatedly urges them to do a good job of personal protection several times a day to ensure zero infection. She often said, "To do a good job of personal protection is not only to protect yourself, but also to protect your family! On January 28, at 7:30 a.m.,Guo Xiaohong suddenly received a phone call, telling her that a batch of aid medicine had arrived at the hospital and needed to be received. She put down the phone and rushed to the hospital outpatient building in a cart. A huge truck filled with hundreds of medicines was parked in front of the clinic building.

====伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli====

“大家都在各自岗位坚守，没有搬运工人，只能靠我们药师自己上啦！ ”她招呼大家行动起来，用小推车一车接着一车，把所有药品一箱箱运到了药库。
正如她所说，战“疫”非常时期，科室职工都在超负荷工作, 药工人数严重不足，再苦再累的活儿药师都得顶上！ “我身为共产党员，更应该站在前头！”
2月9日凌晨，郭晓红手机再次响起，“嫂子嫂子，父亲走了，怎么办啊！”
远在家乡的小叔子在电话里伤心地哭着说，原来郭晓红的公公于2019年12月底确诊为心梗合并脑梗，一个多月来一直在当地医院住院治疗，但由于武汉疫情严峻，抗疫工作需要，郭晓红没休息过一天，根本无暇回去看望老人，“直到他老人家临走前那一刻，我都不能送他一程，我这当晚辈的真是万分的悲痛和惭愧啊！”郭晓红边说边哽咽着。

"Everyone is sticking to their posts. There are no porters. We have to rely on the medicine man himself!" She called them into action and carried all the medicines to the drugstore by cart after cart. As she said, in the emergency period of the war against the epidemic, the department staff were overloaded with work, and the number of pharmaceutical workers was seriously insufficient. No matter how hard and tiring the work, pharmacists had to take over! "As a Communist, I should stand in the front!" In the early morning of February 9, Guo Xiaohong's mobile phone rang again, "sister-in-law sister-in-law, father left, how to do ah!" Guo Xiaohong's father-in-law was diagnosed with myocardial infarction combined with cerebral infarction at the end of December 2019, and has been hospitalized in the local hospital for more than a month. However, due to the severe epidemic situation in Wuhan and the need of the anti-epidemic work, Guo Xiaohong didn't take a day off and had no time to go back to visit the old man. "Until the moment before he left, I can not even see him off, I am a junior, how sad and ashamed!" Guo Xiaohong choked up as she spoke.

“Everyone holds fast to their position. Since there are no porters, now our pharmacists can only rely on ourselves!” She called on everyone to take actions and carry all the medicines to the drugstore cart by cart. As she said, at the crucial stage against the epidemic, staff in all department were overloaded with work. As the pharmaceutical workers were in shortage, our pharmacists have to take over the work, no matter how hard it is. As a Communist, I should stand at the front!" In the early morning of February 9, Guo Xiaohong's mobile phone rang again, "sister-in-law! sister-in-law! father passed away, what shall we do!”, her brother-in-law wined heartrendingly on the other side of the phone. Guo Xiaohong's father-in-law was diagnosed with myocardial infarction combined with cerebral infarction at the end of December 2019, and has been hospitalized in the local hospital for more than a month. However, due to the severe epidemic situation in Wuhan and the need of the anti-epidemic work, Guo Xiaohong didn't take a day off and also had no time to go back to visit the old man. "Even by the moment he left, I cannot see him off. How sad and ashamed I am to be his junior!" Guo Xiaohong spoke in a choked voice.

====席书涵 Xi Shuhan ====

住院药房是药剂科工作量最大的部门，不仅为全院21个病区调剂药品，还要直接送药品到病区。团队共11人，最年轻的药师杨文也有40岁了，都是上有老下有小的年纪。
进入2020年，医院通知取消假日休息，住院药房工作量猛然增加，作为班组长的闫勇，感觉到了用药和班务人员的紧张。临床使用药品品种的增多，必将增加调剂差错风险。他一边关注每天药品的消耗情况，一边调增上班人数。
闫勇幵始每天在工作群发布消息，大家称为闫式“碎碎念”，

金银潭医院药邠坚守在药房

The inpatient pharmacy was the department with the most workload since it not only needed to dispense medicines for totally 21 inpatient areas but had to send them directly there. Totally there are 11 people in the team. The youngest pharmacist Li Wen was already 40 years old, an age that one has both his parents and children to take care of. Entering 2020, the hospital cancelled all the vacations and the workload of the inpatient pharmacy surged. Yan Yong who was the head of the department noticed they were badly in need of medicines and medical workers. With larger varieties of medicines put in use in clinical practice, the risk of wrongly dispensing medicine would also increase. In this case, every day, he, on the one hand, needed to overlook the consumption of the medicines and on the other hand, had to deploy more medical workers to share their workload. Yan Yong started to send messages in the working group every day and his colleagues called it jokingly as “Yan style nagging”.

The inpatient pharmacy was the department with the most workload since it not only needed to dispense medicines for totally 21 inpatient areas but had to send them directly there. Totally there are 11 people in the team. The youngest pharmacist Li Wen was already 40 years old, an age that one has both his parents and children to care. Entering 2020, the hospital cancelled all the vacations and the workload of the inpatient pharmacy surged. Yan Yong who was the head of the department noticed they were urgently in need of medicines and medical workers. With larger varieties of medicines put in use in clinical practice, the risk of wrongly dispensing medicine would also increase. In this case, every day, he, on the one hand, needed to overlook the consumption of the medicines and on the other hand, had to deploy more medical workers to share their workload. Yan Yong started to send messages in the working group every day and his colleagues called it jokingly as “Yan style nagging”

====夏盼 Xia Pan====

或是给大家鼓劲，或是提醒大家药品规格、剂型的变动，减少调剂差错。“碎碎念”满怀着对工作人员的关爱，更寄托着一份药剂人员的工作责任。
随着战“疫”形势的日益严峻，各个医疗队的进驻，新开病区的增多，支援的医生、护士纷纷加入临床一线，但是医院药学人员并没有增加，住院药房压力骤增。
连日奋战没有休息的药师们已经很辛苦了，雪上加霜的是1月23日开始武汉市公共交通停运，住在光谷的同事措手不及，面临上下班问题。关键时候，作为共产党员的闫勇顶了上去, 有同事身体不舒服，闫勇帮他上夜班；住在光谷的同事上班遇到困难，闫勇开着私家车起个大早去接。

Yaobin of Jinyintan Hospital sticks to the pharmacy, either to encourage everyone, or to remind everyone of changes in drug specifications and dosage forms, so as to reduce dispensing errors. " Yan style nagging " is full of care for the staff, and entrusts the responsibility of a pharmacy staff. With the increasingly severe situation of the war against the "epidemic", various medical teams stationed in, the number of newly opened wards increased, and supporting doctors and nurses joined the clinical front line one after another. However, the number of hospital pharmacy personnel did not increase, and the pressure on inpatient pharmacies increased sharply. The pharmacists who have been fighting for days without a break have already worked very hard. To make matters worse, public transportation in Wuhan was shut down on January 23. Colleagues living in Guanggu region were caught off guard and faced with commuting problems. At the critical moment, Yan Yong, a member of the Communist Party, stepped forward. Some colleagues were not feeling well, so Yan Yong helped him with the night shift; when a colleague living in Guanggu regioon encountered difficulties at work, Yan Yong drove his private car early to pick him up.

Yaobin of Jinyintan Hospital sticks to the pharmacy to encourage everyone or remind everyone of changes in drug specifications and dosage forms to reduce dispensing errors. " Yan style nagging " is full of care for the staff, and entrusts the responsibility of the pharmacy staff. With the increasingly severe situation of the war against the "epidemic", various medical teams were stationed, the number of newly opened wards increased, and supporting doctors and nurses joined the clinical front line one after another. However, the number of hospital pharmacy personnel did not increase, and the pressure on inpatient pharmacies increased sharply. The pharmacists who have been fighting for days without a break have already worked very hard. To make matters worse, public transportation in Wuhan was shut down on January 23. Colleagues living in Guanggu region were caught off guard and faced with commuting problems. At this critical moment, Yan Yong, a member of the Communist Party, stepped forward. Some colleagues were not feeling well, so Yan helped them with the night shift; when a colleague living in Guanggu region encountered difficulties at work, Yan drove his private car early to pick him up.

====夏依颐 Xia Yiyi====

陈靖圖是药剂科党支部宣传委员，药剂科科室负责人，多重身份和角色决定了他丝毫不敢马虎。自疫情发生以来，他已经三十多天没回过家。
既要协调全院的药品、消毒品采购供应，又要统筹安排科室管理。尽管身体不适，但是他依然坚守岗位，经常加班到深夜, 被大家称为“奔波中的忙人”。
1月13日晚8点多，ICU患者急需尼卡地平针，当晚就要使用，这个时间找医药公司送货完全不可能，陈靖岐紧急联系各大医院，最终跑了两家医院的夜间药房才借来30支，并连夜赶回医院送到ICU。
后来医院又新增了 4个ICU,全国各地医疗队也进驻医院。陈靖蹟更忙了，他白天监控全院用药数据、调整库存，晚上联系第二天到货药品，保证紧俏药品如丙球、阿比多尔、连花清瘟等不断货。
春节期间医药公司运力不足，经常会晚上送货过来，于是，为了更迅速地调配和接收药品物资，陈靖岐索性不回家了。他说, 跟临床一线比起来，这点苦不算什么，只要不断货，不影响患者治疗，一切都是值得的。
Chen Jingtu is a propaganda member of the Party Branch of the Pharmacy Department and the head of the Pharmacy Department. His multiple identities and roles dictate that he does not dare to be sloppy in any way. He has not returned home for more than 30 days since the outbreak. He has to coordinate the procurement and supply of drugs and disinfection products for the whole hospital, as well as to coordinate the management of the department. Despite his ill health, he remained at his post and often worked late into the night, and was known as the "busy man on the run". On January 13 at 8:00 p.m., ICU patients urgently needed nicardipine injections, which were to be used that night, and it was impossible to find a pharmaceutical company to deliver them at this time. Chen Jingmu was even busier, monitoring the hospital's medication data and adjusting the inventory during the day, and contacting the next day's arrival at night to ensure that drugs in short supply, such as Propecia, Abidor, and Lianhua, were kept in stock. During the Chinese New Year, the pharmaceutical company's capacity is insufficient, so they often deliver at night, so in order to allocate and receive drugs and supplies more quickly, Chen Jingqi simply does not go home. He said, "Compared to the clinical frontline, this is nothing, as long as we don't keep the goods and don't affect the patients' treatment, everything is worth it.

Chen Jingtu is the propaganda committee member of the Party branch of the pharmacy department and the head of the pharmacy department. His multiple identities and roles determine that he cannot be careless at all. He hasn't been home for more than 30 days since the outbreak. He should not only coordinate the procurement and supply of drugs and disinfectants in the whole hospital, but also make overall arrangements for the management of departments and offices. Despite his physical discomfort, he still sticks to his post, often working late into the night, known as "busy man on the run." At 8 o 'clock in the evening of January 13, ICU patients urgently needed Nicadi needle. It is needed that night, but this time to find a pharmaceutical company delivery is completely impossible. Chen Jingqi made an urgent contact to major hospitals. He finally ran to the night pharmacy of two hospitals, borrowed 30, and rushed back to the hospital overnight to ICU. Later, four new ICUs were added to the hospital and medical teams from all over China were stationed in the hospital. During the day, he monitored the hospital's medication data and adjusted the inventory, and at night, he contacted the next day's arrival of drugs to ensure that drugs in short supply, such as Propecia, Abidor, and Lianhua, would not be stocked. During the Chinese New Year, the pharmaceutical company's capacity is insufficient, so they often deliver at night, so in order to allocate and receive drugs and supplies more quickly, Chen Jingqi simply does not go home. He said, "Compared with the front line of the clinic, this is nothing, as long as we do not keep the goods and do not affect the treatment of patients, everything is worth it.

====夏紫纯 Xia Zichun====

这场疫情恰逢年关，医院后勤物业人员紧缺，协助搬运输液送药的工人没有了。药剂科理解医院人员荒的困境，面对每周500件输液以及每天21个病区药品没人送到病房的严峻问题，药剂科紧急动员起来，药库、住院药房、门诊药房、小药房、临床药学所有部门人员紧急行动起来，在陈靖赜的带领下一箱箱装车，一车车拖到病区。
作为科室负责人，陈靖赜没有坐在办公室，而是有困难亲自带领队伍冲上去，体现了共产党员迎难而上的精神。
“张定宇院长说现在是战时状态，在这场艰苦的战’疫’中，药剂科团队没有一人当逃兵。”陈靖赜说。

庚子春疫情中的“120部队”

The epidemic coincided with the New Year's Eve, and the hospital's logistics and property staff were in short supply, so workers to assist in transporting fluids and delivering medications were not available. The pharmacy department understood the plight of the hospital's staff shortage. Faced with the serious problem of 500 infusions per week and no one to deliver medications to the wards in 21 wards every day, the pharmacy department mobilized urgently. The pharmacy, inpatient pharmacy, outpatient pharmacy, small pharmacy, and clinical pharmacy all acted with urgency, loading boxes of drugs onto trucks and hauling them to the wards under the leadership of Chen Jingtan.

The epidemic coincided with Spring Festival holidays so logistics and property staff were in short supply and workers transporting infusions and medications were not available. To alleviate the woe that 500 infusions per week and everyday medications for 21 wards had on one to deliver, each person in the pharmacy department act quickly, assisted by staff in the drugstore house, inpatient and outpatient dispensaries, small pharmacies and clinical pharmacy. They loaded boxes of drugs and hauled them to the wards under the leadership Chen Jingze.

As the head of the department, Chen Jingmu did not stay in the office, but led the team to rush up when there were difficulties, embodying the spirit of the Communist Party members to rise to the occasion.

As the head of the department, Chen Jingze did not stay in the office, but led the team to overcome those difficulties, embodying the unyielding spirit of a Communist.

"President Zhang Dingyu said it is now a wartime state, and in this tough 'epidemic', no one in the pharmacy team is a deserter." Chen Jingqi said.

“President Zhang Dingyu said we were in a tough war against this epidemic, no one in the pharmacy department was a deserter." said Chen Jingze.

The "120 Emergency Team" at the beginning of the epidemic in 2020 Spring.

The Emergency Team in the Outbreak During Spring of 2020

====向明慧 Xiang Minghui ====

2019年12月29日，金银潭医院门诊120接到指令，要求着三级防护从湖北省中西医结合医院转运一批不明原因肺炎患者至金银潭医院。从那天起，这支“120部队”就正式进入了抗击新冠肺炎的战役中。
突如其来的一场疫情，打乱了所有人的工作和生活。从慌忙应战到忙中有序，从担忧害怕到奋起战“疫”，从孤军作战到团结抗疫，个中滋味，五味杂陈。
疫情期间，医院“120部队”经历了很多很多，有感人的事迹，也有窝心的委屈，更有大是大非面前的坚定和勇敢！在这场没有硝烟的战争中，他们用实际行动证明了，这是一支讲原则、守纪律、能吃苦、能战斗的队伍！

On December 29,2019, the outpatient department of Jinyintan Hospital received instructions to transfer a group of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause from Hubei Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine to Jinyintan Hospital with level 3 (the highest level) protective devices. Sine then, they engaged in the battle against Covid-19.

The sudden outbreak disrupted their life. They managed to overcome obstacles and negative emotions to fight the virus methodically and courageously. Staff from different departments work together. Only those who experienced it knew the mixed feelings.

They went through lots of difficulties. Despite bitterness, they were still determined and brave, leaving touching stories. Over time, they proved with practical action that they are principled, disciplined, tenacious and resilient.

On December 29, 2019, the outpatient department of Jinyintan Hospital received instructions to transfer a group of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause from Hubei Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine to Jinyintan Hospital with level 3 (the highest level) protective devices. Since then, they have engaged in the battle against Covid-19.

The sudden outbreak disrupted people’s life. From panic to order, from fear to courage and from fighting alone to unity, staff from different departments work together. Only those who experienced it knew the mixed feelings.

They went through lots of difficulties. Despite bitterness, they were still determined and brave, leaving touching stories. Over time, they proved with practical action that they are principled, disciplined, tenacious and capable.

====肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu====

一个好的团队，需要一个好的领头羊，她就是金银潭医院急救站站长李晓松。提起她，包括网络站点的所有人都说她是一个“铁娘子”。
从疫情刚开始到现在，她一天都不休息，特别是在大型转运期间，几乎每天工作到凌晨，有时甚至到凌晨两三点。几乎所有参与转运的急救车辆都能看到她，站在刺骨的寒风中，拿
着对讲机和转诊名单，对接每一位转来的患者。

A good team needs a good leader. The good leader of Jinyintan Hospital is the first aid station master named Li Xiaosong. Everyone, including the people in the online site, called her the "Iron Lady". Since the beginning of the epidemic, she has not taken a day off. Especially during the large referral of patients, she worked almost daily until the early hours, sometimes until two or three o’clock in the morning. Almost all of the emergency vehicles involved in the referral had seen her standing in the biting cold, holding a walkie-talkie and a referral list and docking with each incoming patient.

A good team needs a good leader.Li Xiaosong, who is the first aid station master of Jinyintan Hosptital, could be called a good leader. Everyone, including the people in the online site, called her the "Iron Lady". Since the beginning of the epidemic, she had never had a rest, specially during the large referral of patients, she worked almost daily until the early hours, sometimes until two or three o’clock in the morning. Almost you could see her in all of the emergency vehicles involved in the referral and standing in the biting cold, holding a walkie-talkie and a referral list and docking with each incoming patient.

====肖娜 Xiao Na====

据不完全统计，经她对接的患者有388人次。从安排转运、核对名单、评估病情、患者交接到收治完成，整个过程，她都协调跟踪。
在大型转运时，可以看到这样的场景：120的急救车一路蓝光闪烁，急驰而来，在急诊通道排成一条长龙，等待对接。在交接的过程中，有时会碰到这样或那样的问题，有的车氧气不够了、有的患者需要轮椅、有的车辆需要消毒……碰到这些琐碎又急需解决的问题，120总部都会通知她来协调处理。连续一个多月，天天如此。看到她忙得像个陀螺，又没有外援，同事心疼地说：“你真是狠哪，所有120的转运任务结束了，你才能睡，要学会心疼自己，身体要紧，悠着点。”

According to incomplete statistics, there were 388 patients who had been docked by her. She coordinated the entire process, from arranging transfer, checking lists, assessing the condition, transferring the patients to the completion of admission. In large-scale transport, you could see the following scenario: The 120 ambulances flashed blue light all the way and came at a rapid pace, forming a long queue in the emergency passage, waiting for docking. In the process of handing over, sometimes we encountered problems of one kind or another. Some cars had insufficient oxygen, some patients needed wheelchairs, and some vehicles needed disinfection...When these trivial and urgent problems were met, 120 headquarters would inform her to handle. Every day for over a month. Seeing that she was busy like a top and had no outside help, her colleagues said distressedly: "You are really ruthless. It's not to sleep for you until all 120 transshipment task ended. You should learn how to love yourself and your health is more important."

According to incomplete statistics, there were 388 patients who had been docked by her. She coordinated the entire process, from arranging transfer, checking lists, assessing the condition, transferring the patients to the completion of admission. In large-scale transport, you could see the following scenario: The 120 ambulances flashed blue light all the way and came at a rapid pace, forming a long queue in the emergency passage, waiting for docking. In the process of handing over, sometimes we encountered problems of one kind or another. Some cars had insufficient oxygen, some patients needed wheelchairs, and some vehicles needed disinfection...When these trivial and urgent problems were met, 120 headquarters would inform her to handle. Every day for over a month. Seeing that she was busy like a top and had no outside help, her colleagues said distressedly: "You are really ruthless. It's not to sleep for you until all 120 transshipment task ended. You should learn how to love yourself and your health is more important."

====肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin====

李晓松笑着说：“没有办法，事情落到头上来，只能做好，毕竟，天下急救一家亲，最重要的是不能给我们金银潭医院丢脸。”
李晓松性格外向开朗，经常在科室讲笑话，调节紧张的气氛，逗同事开心，还时不时给同事打气鼓劲。她说：“一定要有信心，经历了非典、甲流、禽流感、H7N9,所有的疫情我都参与了，也都挺过来了，相信这次的疫情也会过去的。”她的最大心愿就是希望科室所有的人都平平安安，做到零感染。
零感染不光是一个目标、一句口号，需要真正落实到每一个细节中去。医院120作为一个特殊的科室，不仅有医生护士，还有驾驶员和担架员，只有每个人都按标准流程防护，才能真正达到零感染。作为科室负责人，李晓松重视岗前培训、严格考核和监管。在她的严格要求下，人人熟知工作流程，个个规范穿脱防护。

Li Xiausong smiled and said, "We have no choice but to do it better when we are responible for things.After all, the most important thing for us is that we can not to bring shame on our hospital."
Li Xiaosong's character is outgoing and cheerful.She often tells jokes in the department, adjusts the tense atmosphere, makes his colleagues happy and gives them encouragement from time to time.She said: "We must have confidence, experienced SARS, H1N1, bird flu, H7N9, all the epidemic I have participated in and survived, I believe this epidemic will pass as well."Her greatest wish is to hope that all the people in the department are safe, to achieve zero infection.
Zero infection is not just a goal or a slogan. It needs to be implemented in every detail. As a special unit, the hospital has not only doctors and nurses, but also drivers and stretcher bearers. Only when everyone follows standard procedures can we really reach zero infections. As the head of the department, Li Xiaosong attaches great importance to pre-job training, strict assessment and supervision.Under her strict requirements, everyone knows the procedures, and everyone is dressed and unguarded strictly.

Li Xiaosong smiled and said, “We have no choice but to do it well when things come to us. After all, all the emergency workers are one family. The most important thing is not to bring shame on our hospital." Li Xiaosong is outgoing and cheerful. She often tells jokes in the department, adjusts the tense atmosphere, makes his colleagues happy and gives them encouragement from time to time. She said: "We must have confidence. SARS, H1N1, bird flu, and H7N9. I have participated in all the epidemic and survived, so I believe this epidemic will pass as well." Her greatest wish is to hope that all the people in the department are safe, to achieve zero infection. Zero infection is not just a goal or a slogan. It needs to be implemented in every detail. As a special unit, the hospital has not only doctors and nurses, but also drivers and stretcher bearers. Only when everyone follows standard procedures can we really reach zero infection. As the head of the department, Li Xiaosong attaches great importance to pre-job training, strict assessment and supervision. Under her strict requirements, everyone knows the procedures, and everyone dresses and takes off clothes strictly.

====谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu ====

从1月中旬起，每天的转运量开始急剧上升，考虑到医院目前人员紧张，为了不增加医院的困难，李晓松率先改变排班模式，将急救团队分成三个小组，每天两台负压车满负荷运转，实行弹性排班，所有人24小时处于待命状态！她本人则24小时守在科室，除了日常管理，每天还要操心耗材、对接患者、消毒督导，遇到特殊的任务，还要亲自参与转运。
在一次火神山的转运任务中，120总部让她协助当天的核对转运工作，10台负压车同时出发，从中午1时起，穿上厚厚的防护服，直到晚上9点多才回到医院，全身的衣服都湿透了。
就是这样的一位“铁娘子”，当提起她的母亲时，禁不住泪流满面。李晓松的家人因为工作和学习的原因，都在国外，家里只有她和母亲两人，因为疫情防控工作，她将年近八旬的老人独自留在家中，休息的时候才会打个电话，问候一下。

From the middle of January, daily transport volume began to rise sharply. Considering the hospital was overstaffed, in order not to increase the difficulties of the hospital, Li Xiaosong took the lead in changing the scheduling mode. She divided the first aid team into three groups, with two negative pressure vehicles running at full capacity every day, implementing flexible scheduling, and everyone on standby 24 hours a day! She spent 24 hours in the department. In addition to daily management, she also had to worry about consumables, dock patients, provide supervision and guidance for disinfection, and personally participate in transport when encountering special tasks. During a transport mission in Huoshenshan, the 120 headquarter asked her to assist in the check and transport work that day. Ten negative pressure vehicles set off at the same time. She wore a thick protective suit from 1 p.m., and did not return to the hospital until after 9 p.m. Her clothes were drenched with sweat. Such an “iron lady”, when talking about her mother, could not help bursting into tears. Li Xiaosong’s family were abroad due to work and study, and she and her mother were the only two people at home. Due to the epidemic prevention and control work, she left the elderly women in her late 70s alone at home, and only called her when she had a rest.

<nowiki>Insert non-formatted text here</nowiki>====谢茜敏 Xie Ximin ====

当问到她选择这个职业后不后悔时，她毫不犹豫地说，不后悔！她相信所有的付出都是值得的，为了自己的祖国，为了自己的家乡，必须坚守岗位，无私奉献。
在120工作，是没有生活规律可循的，能睡觉时赶快睡，能吃饭时赶快吃，因为你永远不知道完成任务后，会不会马上还有下一单。更多的时候，中午出发，也许到晚上才能回。一单接一单的急救任务，数量有限的防护装备，决定了 “随遇而安、随时待命”是李晓松和同事唯一能选择的工作方式。有一次，来了一单任务，将一位疑似感染的患者从家里送到指定的隔离酒店。当李晓松的同事到达呼救地点时，患者始终联系不上，经多方打听，终于联系上远在外地的子女，才将患者送到隔离酒店。

When asked if she regreted choosing this career, she said no without hesitation! She believed that all the efforts were worth it. For her own motherland and hometown, she must stick to the post with selfless dedication. There was no daily routine when working in 120. You must sleep and eat as soon as you could, because you never knew if there would be another order after you just finished one task. More often, they left at noon and might not return until evening. With a series of first-aid tasks and a finite amount of protective equipment, the only working mode Li Xiaosong and his colleagues could choose was to "make the best of things and be always ready". Once came a mission transferring a patient with suspected infection from his or her home to the designated quarantine hotel. When Li Xiaosong's colleagues arrived at the rescue site, the patient could not be reached. After making inquiries, they finally contacted the patient's children far away from home, and sent the patient to the quarantine hotel.

When asked if she regretted choosing this career, she said no without hesitation! She believed that all the efforts were worth it. For her own motherland and hometown, she must stick to the post with selfless dedication. There was no daily routine when working in 120. You must sleep and eat as soon as you can, because you never know if there will be another order after you have just finished one task. More often, they left at noon and might not return until evening. With a series of first-aid tasks and a finite amount of protective equipment, the only working mode Li Xiaosong and his colleagues could choose was to "make the best of things and be always ready". Once came a mission transferring a patient with suspected infection from his or her home to the designated quarantine hotel. When Li Xiaosong's colleagues arrived at the rescue site, the patient could not be reached. After making inquiries, they finally contacted the patient's children far away from home, and sent the patient to the quarantine hotel.

====谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou====

然而，此时隔离酒店并不接受这位患者，称其不具备收治无法自理老人的条件，李晓松和同事只能带着老人一家医院一家医院地跑，又被一家又一家的医院拒绝，经过三个小时的努力，仍然无能为力，只能将患者又送回家中。
故事很平淡，但是对于患者和家属，对于120的医生护士而言，却深深感到发自内心的无助和无奈，其间拨打的所有电话要么没有人接，要么就是不了了之，中间的几个小时，对于他们都是煎熬和折磨。
这是金银潭医院“120部队”无数次急救任务中的一个缩影。当战“疫”来临时，他们冲在最前线，他们是真正第一批次接触新冠肺炎的一线医务人员。
However, at this time, the isolation hotel did not accept the patient, saying that he did not have the conditions to treat the elderly who could not take care of themselves. Li Xiaosong and his colleagues had to take the elderly to one hospital after another, but they were refused by one hospital after another. After three hours of effort, they were still powerless and had to send the patient home again.
The story is very simple, but for the patients and their families, as well as for the doctors and nurses in the emergency team, they deeply felt helpless and helpless from the bottom of their hearts. All the calls they made in the meantime were either not answered, or they just did nothing. The middle hours were painful and torturing for them.
This is a microcosm of the countless first aid tasks of the first aid team of Jinyintan Hospital. When the pandemic came, they rushed to the forefront, and they were the first batch of first-line medical staff who really contacted COVID-19.

However, at this time, the isolation hotel did not accept the patient, saying that he did not have the conditions to treat the elderly who could not take care of themselves. Li Xiaosong and his colleagues had to take the elderly to one hospital after another, but they were refused by one hospital after another. After three hours of effort, they were still powerless and had to send the patient home again.
The story is very simple, but for the patients and their families, as well as for the doctors and nurses on the emergency team, deeply felt helpless and helpless from the bottom of their hearts. All the calls they made in the meantime were either not answered, or they just did nothing. The middle hours were painful and torturing for them.
This is a microcosm of the countless first aid tasks of the first aid team of Jinyintan Hospital. When the pandemic came, they rushed to the forefront, and they were the first batch of first-line medical staff who really contacted COVID-19.

====谢紫佳 Xie Zijia====

战“疫”开始的阶段，所有的医护人员都有着相同的剧本：身在疫区的自己，就是一颗定时炸弹。于是选择远离亲朋好友，一个人上下班，一个人生活，备好食品药品，做持久战的准备。每每接到家人关心的电话，嘱咐一定要注意安全；总是听到又有哪位同事不幸被感染，又有多少患者不幸去世……
但是白衣战士的责任和担当，又让他们选择继续穿上防护服，毅然出征。
郭威波是金银潭“120部队”的一名急救驾驶员，平时大家都喜欢亲切地叫他“鸽子”。他是一位名副其实的大帅哥，身材魁梧、相貌英俊、心思细腻。每当他出车回来，都会认真做笔记，走的哪条线路、距离多远、用时多少，堪称“120 活地图”。
郭威波本来是准备今年春节完婚的，一直计划着元旦休息
At the beginning of the "epidemic", all medical staff had the same script: being in the epidemic area was a time bomb.So I chose to stay away from my friends and family, work alone, live alone, prepare food and drugs, and prepare for a long war. Every time I receive a phone call from my family, telling them to be safe; I always hear which of my colleagues have unfortunately been infected, and how many patients have unfortunately passed away ......
But the responsibility and commitment of the white soldiers, and let them choose to continue to wear protective clothing, determined to go out.
Guo Weibo is an emergency driver of the "120 unit" in Jinyintan, and usually people like to call him "Pigeon" with affection. He's a truly handsome man, sturdy, handsome and fine in heart. Whenever he came back from a trip, he would take serious notes on which route he took, how far it was, and how much time it took, which is called a "120 living map".
Guo Weibo was planning to finish the wedding this spring, and have been planning to take a break on New Year's Day.

====熊丹 Xiong Dan====

时将准备工作做完，谁料到疫情突然暴发，他只得将家里的大小事物都拜托给未婚妻，将婚期一拖再拖。
在“120部队”中，还有这样一个特殊的不可或缺的群体最容易被忽视。他们来自农村，没有耀眼的学历，没有傲人的医术，不会说什么豪言壮语，却有一颗纯朴、善良、负责的心，在这个特殊的时期，不畏疫情,与医护人员一起守护人民的健康, 他们就是担架师傅。
在防护用品短缺的情况下，他们主动把N95 口罩和厚一点的防护服让给医生护士，他们说：“我们是农村人，身体好。你们医生护士是有文化的人，有本领，能救更多的人，千万不能得病。”
这些朴实的话语让人忍不住流下了眼泪。
He would be ready to finish work.Who knows the sudden outbreak of the pandemic. He had to give the chores to his fiancee,and the wedding was delayed again and again.
There is one particular indispensable group in the 120-Force that is most easily overlooked. They come from the countryside, no dazzling education, no proud medical skills, do not speak bold words, but have a simple, kind, responsible heart.In this special period, they don’t afraid of the pandemic, together with the medical staff to protect people's health. They are stretcher masters.
In the face of a shortage of protective equipment, they volunteered to give N95 masks and thicker protective suits to doctors and nurses, saying, "We are rural people and in good health. You doctors and nurses are educated and capable people who can save more people. You must not get sick."
Those simple words brought tears to one's eyes.

====徐思禹 Xu Siyu====

疫情肆虐时，很多人选择了逃离，而更多担架工师傅却选择留下来。其中最年轻的黄启胜，在封城前利用休息时间回了家。封城后，由于道路不通，无法按时到岗，他非常着急，担心因为个人原因影响医院的工作。后来经过多方协调，终于回到了工作岗位。他们是无数个奉献者中的一员，同样是这个时代最可爱的人。
如果说临床科室医生和护士是战斗在一线的勇士，那么这支“120部队”急救人员就是战斗在疫情最前沿的尖兵！
医院南二病区的他们
生命重于泰山，疫情就是命令，防控就是责任！
When the epidemic was raging, many people chose to flee, while more stretcher bearers chose to stay. The youngest of them, Huang Qisheng, used his break to return home before the city lockdown. After the closure, he was very anxious because he could not arrive at work on time due to the closed roads, and was worried that his personal reasons would affect the work of the hospital. Later, after coordination, he finally returned to work. They are one of the countless dedicated people who are also the most lovely people of this era. If the doctors and nurses in the clinical departments are the warriors fighting on the front line, then the "120 units" of emergency personnel are the frontline soldiers fighting in the pandemic! Their lives are more important than the mountains, the pandemic is an order, and prevention and control is a responsibility!

====颜琦 Yan Qi ====

在这场疫情阻击战中，武汉市金银潭医院南二病区全体医护人员在主任谢学磊的带领下，持续冲锋在一线，夜以继日地开展救治工作，他们竭尽所能、争分夺秒，如今已连轴战斗了50多个日日夜夜。

In the battle against the virus, all the health workers in the South Second Ward of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, guided by Xie Xuelei, the hospital director, continued to work in the front line and struggled to cure patients around the clock. They did their best and wasted no time. It has been over 50 days and 50 nights since they worked almost without a break.

最“铁心”的妈妈——李坤霞

The Most "Hard-Headed" Mother: Li Kunxia

“我刚才跟妈打电话了，女儿很懂事，很听话，你只管安心地工作，自己也要做好防护啊！家里，你就不要牵挂了，有我呢！”李坤霞接到丈夫的电话，眼里闪着泪花。

"I just talked to your mom on the phone. Our girl is very sensible and obedient. you only need to focus on your job and protect yourself! Don't worry about us at home, I'm here!" Li Kunxia answers the phone from her husband, eyes flashing with tears.

为做好安全隔离，更为了家人健康考虑，她执意一个人住宾馆，一岁多的女儿只能交给老人照顾。

In order to safely isolated humans and consider the health of her family, she insisted on living alone in a hotel, and her daughter who is more than one year old was sent to her parents for good care.

她心里虽有千言万语，但深知使命崇高、责无旁贷，每次只能与家人几句简短的问候，便匆忙挂掉电话，收起眼泪直奔病房。

Although she had many words to say, she knew her moral obligations and duties as a medic. Every time she could only tell a few brief greetings to her family before she hung up the phone hurriedly, wiped away her tears and ran to the wards.

最“倔强”的大姐——王芳

The Most "Stubborn" Big Sister: Wang Fang

In the battle against the virus, all the health workers in the South Second Ward of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, guided by the hospital director Xie Xuelei, continued to work in the front line and struggled to cure patients around the clock. They did their best and wasted no time. They have worked for over 50 days without break.
The Most "Hard-Heart" Mother: Li Kunxia
"I just talked to your mom on the phone. Our girl is very sensible and obedient. You only need to focus on your job and protect yourself! Don't worry about us. I'm here!" Li Kunxia talked with her husband on the phone, eyes flashing with tears.
Consider the health of her family, to have a safe isolation, she insisted on living alone in a hotel, and sent her one-year-old daughter to her parents to take care of.
Although she had many words to say, she knew her moral obligations and duties as a medic. Every time she could only tell a few brief greetings to her family before she hung up the phone hurriedly, then wiping away her tears and running to the wards.
The Most "Stubborn" Sister: Wang Fang

====杨思吟 Yang Siyin====

王芳是一个有着丰富救治经验的“老前辈”，也是个热心肠的大姐，对科室的年轻医生非常照顾，并经常将自己宝贵的工作经验与大家分享。
随着疫情形势的日益严峻，接诊量大幅增多，她顾不上正处在初三学习冲刺阶段的儿子，自疫情开始，一直穿着密闭的防护服连续奋战，在隔离区不敢喝水，不能上厕所，浑身闷透。
每当同事忍不住说起：“王大姐，您休息一会儿，让我去吧”，“倔强”的她总是回复：“我还行。”
最“拼命”的伙伴一黄晴

Wang Fang is a senior medical worker with wealthy treatment experience. Also being kind-hearted, she is considerable to young doctors in her department and often shares her invaluable working experience with them. As the pandemic grew serious, with the surging number of patients, she could not take care of her son who are striving to study hard in the final year of middle school. Since the outbreak of pandemic, she had worked for several days running wearing airtight protective clothing. In the isolation zone, she was afraid of drinking water and could not go to toilet, stuffy and sweaty. Every time her colleagues couldn’t help saying that, “ you should take a break. I can do this work.” She always replied stubbornly, “ I am OK.” The most hard working partner— Huang Qing

Wang Fang is a senior medical worker with abundant treatment experience. Also being kind-hearted, she cares after young doctors in her department and often shares her invaluable working experience with them. As the pandemic grew serious, with the surging number of patients, she could not take care of her son who is striving to study hard in the final year of middle school. Since the outbreak of pandemic, she had worked for several days running wearing airtight protective clothing. In the isolation zone, she was afraid of drinking water and could not go to toilet, with the whole body stuffy and sweaty. Every time her colleagues couldn’t help saying that, “ you should take a break. I can do this work.” She always replied stubbornly, “ I am OK.” The most hard working partner— Huang Qing

====杨晰微 Yang Xiwei====

疫情发生以来，连续在一线奋战40多天的高强度工作，让黄晴医生的身体开始吃不消了，身体不适的她本应少走动多休息，但刚打完吊瓶的她，就第一时间主动请缨，强烈要求继续参与战斗，看着她虚弱的身体，大家纷纷劝她注意休息。
“你们都在火线竭尽所能，我这点小病算不了什么，关键时候绝不能’掉链子’，不用担心，我还可以！”她坚定的话语让大家既心疼又钦佩。
最“贴心”的暖男一李翼、余振兴

Since the outbreak of pandemic, Doctor Huang Qing has been working in the frontline for over 40 days in a high intensity and she started to wear herself out. Because she was uncomfortable, she should have more rest and walk less. Nevertheless, after taking an IV drip, she just took the initiative the first time, strongly asking to keep on fighting. Looking that she was weak, everyone tried to persuade her to have a rest.

"You all work in the frontline and my minor illness doesn't matter. I can't "drop the chain" at a key moment. Don't worry. I can hold on." Her firm words made them feel sorry and admired.

The most "thoughful" warm boys were Li Yi, Yu Zhenxin.

Since the outbreak of the pandemic, Doctor Huang Qing has been working in the frontline for more than 40 days in a high intensity and she started to wear herself out. Because she was uncomfortable, she should have walked less and rested more. Nevertheless, after taking an IV drip, she just took the initiative the first time, strongly asking to keep on fighting. Looking that she was weak, everyone tried to persuade her to have a rest.

"You all work in the frontline and my minor illness doesn't matter. I can't "drop the chain" at a key moment. Don't worry. I can hold on." Her firm words made everyone feel both pain and admiration.

The most "thoughful" warm boys were Li Yi, Yu Zhenxin.

====余海铭 Yu Haiming====

李翼和余振兴的爱人都是本院的职工，为打赢疫情阻击战，他们把孩子托给年迈的父母照料。这两对夫妻同心协力，携手逆行，义无反顾。
每次丈夫一句“戴好口罩，做好防护”，妻子一句“知道了”，接着就双双奔赴病房。即便爱人也在同一个医院工作，但经常是36到48小时，甚至更长时间见不到一面，这也是医院诸多双职工的日常。
虽然他们顾不上“小家”，但独揽了科室“大家”的后勤，大到防护物资领取，小到分发科室盒饭，在这场日夜不息的战斗中，他们既是火线“急先锋”，又是科室“勤务兵”。
最“心细”的娘家人一一谢学磊
Li Yi and Yu Zhenxing, whose lovers are both employees of the hospital, entrusted their children to the care of their elderly parents in order to win the battle against the epidemic. These two couples worked together and went against the odds hand in hand. Every time the husband said, "Wear a mask and take good care of yourself," and the wife said, "Got it," and then they both ran to the ward. Even though they work in the same hospital, they often do not see each other for 36 to 48 hours, or even longer, which is the daily routine of many double workers in the hospital. Although they can't take care of the "small family", they take charge of the logistics of the "big family" of the department, from the collection of protective materials to the distribution of departmental box lunches. In this day and night battle, they are not only the "pioneers" of the fire line, but also the "orderly soldiers" of the department. The most "attentive" mother's family one by one Xie Xuelei

Li Yi and Yu Zhenxing, whose lovers are both employees of the hospital, left their children to be taken care by their elderly parents in order to win the battle against the epidemic. These two couples worked together and fought against the epidemic hand in hand. Every time the husband hust said "Wear a mask and take good care of yourself," and the wife replied "Got it" and then they both ran to work in different wards. Even though they work in the same hospital, they often do not see each other for 36 to 48 hours, or even longer, which is the daily routine of many working couples in the hospital. Although they can't take care of the "small family", they take charge of the logistics of the "big family" of the department, from the collection of protective materials to the distribution of departmental box meals. In this day and night battle, they are not only the "pioneers" of the fire line, but also the "orderly soldiers" of the department. The most "attentive" family member ——Xie Xuelei

====曾晨 Zeng Chen ====

谢学磊是南二病区的主任，面对焦虑的患者,她都亲力亲为，一声声问诊，一遍遍安慰，一句句嘱咐，即使自己再苦再累都藏在心底。
在隔离病区，医生和护士要直接、密切地接触患者，感染风险高、心理压力大，穿戴层层防护装备后，闷热、憋气，时间长了会有缺氧的感觉，每次她都会在第一时间为大家进行心理疏导。
“有谢主任无微不至的关怀，即便疫情再凶猛，工作再辛苦我们也不怕，因为谢主任就是我们坚强的后盾。”谢学磊的存在，让科室同事感到踏实。
在这次新型冠状病毒疫情面前，他们没有豪言壮语，也没有耀眼的光环，只是默默努力，坚守自己的岗位。疫情面前，他们就是战士，疫情就是命令，岗位就是战场，他们不惧风险、严阵以待，用实际行动恪守初心、践行使命。

Xie Xuelei is the director of the second South ward area, in the face of patients with anxiety, she dealt with them herself, comforting and ordering one by one, over and over again. All the bitter and tiredness are hidden in the bottom of her heart. In the isolation ward, doctors and nurses should contact patients directly and closely, with high risk of infection and great psychological pressure. After wearing layers of protective equipment, they will feel stuffy and suffocated, and there will be a feeling of hypoxia after a long time. Every time, she will conduct psychological counseling for them in the first time. "With Director Xie’s meticulous care, the most fierce epidemic and hard work will not frighten us as she is our strong supporter." The presence of Xie Xuelei makes colleagues in the department feel reliable. Facing the novel coronavirus epidemic, they do not speak bold words, nor do they have a dazzling halo, they just work quietly and stick to their posts. In the face of the epidemic, they are soldiers, with the epidemic being the order, and the post the battlefield. They are not afraid of risks, but are fully-prepared and stick to their original intention and fulfill their mission with concrete actions.

Xie Xuelei is the director of the second South ward area, in the face of anxious patients, she dealt with them herself, asking and consulting them one by one, comforting them over and over again. All the bitter and tiredness are hidden in the bottom of her heart. In the isolation wards, doctors and nurses were looking after patients directly and closely, with high risk of infection and great psychological pressure. After wearing layers of protective equipment, they will feel stuffy and suffocated, and there will be a feeling of hypoxia after a long time. Every time, she will conduct psychological counseling for them at first. "With Director Xie’s meticulous care, the most fierce epidemic and hard work will not frighten us as she is our strong supporter." The presence of Xie Xuelei makes colleagues in the department feel reliable. Facing the novel coronavirus epidemic, they do not speak bold words, nor do they have a dazzling halo, they just work quietly and stick to their duties. In the face of the epidemic, they are soldiers, with the epidemic being the order, and the post the battlefield. They are not afraid of risks, and are fully-prepared and sticking to their original intention and fulfill their mission with concrete actions.

==Part 8==

====张海珊 Zhang Haishan ====

后勤，一群不回家的人
在疫情风暴眼中心的武汉市金银潭医院，有这样一群以科室为家的人。白天，办公室是他们的调度指挥室。晚上，就在办公室搭起简易行军床，24小时在医院值守，真正做到了 “闻令即行”，成为春节中“不回家的人”。
他们，就是医院后勤保障战线的干部职工。
路灯下的身影

In the back-office, there was a group of people who were not going home. At Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, the center of this epidemic, there is a group of people who take the office as their home. During the day, the office is their dispatching room. In the evening, they set up simple camp beds in the office and were on duty in the hospital 24 hours a day, truly "acting on orders" and becoming "people who won't go home" during the Spring Festival. They are the cadres and workers of the hospital backup support front.
Figures under the street lamp.

In the back offices of hospital, there was always a group of people who were not going home. At Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, the center of this epidemic, there is a group of people who regard the office as their home. During the day, the office is their dispatching room. In the evening, they set up simple camp beds in the office and were on duty in the hospital day and night, truly "acting on orders" and becoming "people who won't go home" during the Spring Festival. They are the cadres and workers of the hospital backup support front.
Figures under the street lamp.

====张珂珂 Zhang Keke====

医院总务科的工作历来琐碎杂乱，特别是在应对新型冠状病毒疫情这个非常时期，头绪多，任务重，承担着为前方队友送炮弹、做好全方位保障的艰巨任务。
医院总务科科长黄高平把“增强四个意识、坚定四个自信、做到两个维护”转化在实实在在的行动中。他克服自己年龄偏大、家庭负担较重的困难，全心全意投入到医院总务科的各项工作中来。黄高平每天坚持巡查水、电、气管线多次，尤其是晚上，总是能看到路灯下他拿着手持电话机在医院每个点位巡查的咼大身影。
由于医院收治的重症患者偏多，在医护人员救治过程中难免会突发一些意外事件。一次，在ICU病区的抢救中，患者喷出来的血痰导致医疗设备短路，黄高平带领维修组的同志第一时间赶赴现场抢修，及时保障了设备的正常运行。

members in the general affairs office of hospital have trivial and messy work, especially on the critical stage of fighting against Covid-19 coronavirus, with heavy tasks, and need to provide wholesale equipments and servic. Huang Gaoping, the Chief of the General Affairs Section of the Hospital, transformed "enhancing the four consciousnesses and strengthening the four self-confidences and then achieving the two maintenances" into concrete actions. Although he is old with heavy family burden, he still overcame these difficulties and devoted himself wholeheartedly to all the work of the general affairs of hospital. He sticks to check the water, electricity and gas pipelines many times. Especially at night, people would always see him patrol every point of the hospital with a handled phone under the street lamp.
Because there are too many critically ill patients admitted to the hospital, it is difficult to avoid some accidents in the treatment. One day, In the rescue of patient in ICU ward, the patient's blood sputum caused short circuit of medical equipment, the maintenance team led by Huang Gaoping rushed so quickly there for emergency repair that guarantee the normal operation of the equipment.
members in the general affairs office of hospital have trivial and messy work, especially on the critical stage of fighting against Covid-19 coronavirus, with heavy tasks, and need to provide wholesale equipments and servic. Huang Gaoping, the Chief of the General Affairs Section of the Hospital, transformed "enhancing the four consciousnesses and strengthening the four self-confidences and then achieving the two maintenances" into concrete actions. Although he is old with heavy family burden, he still overcame these difficulties and devoted himself wholeheartedly to all the work of the general affairs of hospital. He sticks to check the water, electricity and gas pipelines many times. Especially at night, people would always see him patrol every point of the hospital with a handled phone under the street lamp.
Because there are too many critically ill patients admitted to the hospital, it is difficult to avoid some accidents in the treatment. One day, In the rescue of patient in ICU ward, the patient's blood sputum caused short circuit of medical equipment, the maintenance team led by Huang Gaoping rushed so quickly there for emergency repair that guarantee the normal operation of the equipment.

====张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei====

由于没有家属陪护，医院有些患者生活无法自理，会出现将污物随意丢弃，堵塞下水管的情况。维修组的同志们毫无怨言，尽早疏通，还主动排查保证各个下水管道的畅通。
除了保证医院的水电气、电梯以及污水处理站的正常运行外，他们无论白天、黑夜接到电话都会以最短的时间赶到现场，处理各种应急事件，院内的路灯下留下了他们长长的身影。
据统计，在40多天的时间里，总务科共安装了 200多台挂壁式消毒机、近600盏紫外线灯，铺设病区电线近千米，维修全院路灯60多盏、病区感应水龙头几百个，更换300来套隔离病区的锁扣，疏通病区内的厕所下水道及洗脸盆下水道 40处。
他们还配合企业5天内完成了医院液氧站的建设改造，由原来2个5立方氧罐改为2个10立方氧罐，落实了病区不间断高流量供氧的需求。
匆匆的脚步
Some patients in the hospital are unable to take care of themselves because they are not accompanied by their family members. They will discard the dirt at will and block the sewer pipe. The comrades of the maintenance team did not complain at all, and they fixed them as soon as possible. They also took the initiative to check and ensure that all sewer pipes were unblocked. In addition to ensuring the normal operation of the water, electricity, elevator and sewage treatment station in the hospital, they will arrive at the scene in the shortest time to deal with various emergency events whenever they receive a call in the day and night, leaving a long shadow under the street lights in the hospital. According to statistics, in 40 days, the General Affairs Department has installed more than 200 wall mounted sterilizer, nearly 600 ultraviolet lamps, laid nearly 1000 meters of wires in the ward, maintained more than 60 street lamps in the hospital, hundreds of induction taps in the ward, replaced more than 300 sets of locks to isolate the ward, and dredged 40 toilets and washbasins in the ward. They also cooperated with the enterprise to complete the construction and transformation of the hospital's liquid oxygen station within 5 days, from the original two 5 cubic oxygen tanks to two 10 cubic oxygen tanks, fulfilling the needs of the ward for uninterrupted high flow oxygen supply. Hurried footsteps

====张思诗 Zhang Sishi====

“15分钟后有12名病患到门诊CT室做检查，各自到位做好道路管制，快点！快点！”在医院院区总能看到一位一边快速奔走一边用对讲机呼叫的高大身影，他就是金银潭医院保卫科科长周德义，一位近20年党龄的老党员。面对疫情，他没有恐惧，没有退缩，不分昼夜地奋战在自己的岗位上。
保卫科虽然不在救治病患的最前线，但在这次防控工作中保卫工作显得尤其重要。每栋病房楼下面都要安排人员24小时值守，不让患者和家属随意进出病区,还要负责转运病区的患者, 运送各病区所需的医疗和生活物资，安排去医技科室检查的道路清场等。

"We have 12 patients in the outpatient CT room in 15 minutes. Get in position. Do your road control. Hurry up!" In the hospital area, you can always see a tall figure running fast while calling with the intercom. In the face of the epidemic, he did not fear or retreat, but fought day and night at his post. Although the security department was not at the forefront of the treatment of patients, it was particularly important in the prevention and control work. He was also responsible for transferring patients from the wards, transporting medical and living materials to the wards, and arranging for road clearances to the medical and technical departments.

"We would have 12 patients in the outpatient CT room in 15 minutes. Get in position. Do your road control，and just hurry up!" In the hospital, you could always see a tall figure running fast while calling with the intercom. He was Zhou Yide, head of security section of Jinyintan hospital and who joined the party almost 20 years. In the face of the epidemic, he did not fear or retreat, but fought day and night at his post. Although the security department was not at the forefront of the treatment of patients, it was particularly important in the prevention and control work. He was also responsible for transferring patients from the wards, transporting medical and living materials to the wards, and arranging for road clearances to the medical and technical departments.

====张婷 Zhang Ting====

疫情发生正是春节期间，而且金银潭医院收治的都是确诊的新冠肺炎患者，很多物业人员因为害怕被感染都回家了，在急缺人手的情况下，周德义经请示批准后调动了一切可以调配的人员组建了临时班组，毫无怨言地接下了繁重的工作。
年近花甲的他奔赴在医院的每一个角落，时值冬季，汗水常常浸透了他的衣衫。
保卫科的职工吴昌顺，是2019年入党的新党员，平日里是位活泼可爱的阳光大男孩。疫情期间，他除了完成医院的安保工作，还承担了为病区走廊上的加床患者送瓶装氧气的工作，随着医院救治任务加重，走廊上的加床患者越来越多，这些患者没有中心供氧设施，主要靠瓶装氧气供应，他和同事们接到任务后都以最快的速度把氧气瓶送到病区。

The epidemic occurred during the Spring Festival, and Jinyintan Hospital admitted all patients with confirmed covid-19, many property staff went home for fear of being infected.
Although he was almost an old man, he ran in every corner of the hospital. Even if it was in winter, sweat often soaked through his clothes.
Wu Changshun, an employee of the Security Section, was a new member of the Party who joined the Party in 2019 and was usually a lively and lovely sunny boy. During the epidemic, in addition to completing the hospital's security work, he also took on the job of delivering bottled oxygen to the extra bed patients in the corridor of the ward. As the hospital's treatment tasks increased, there were more and more extra bed patients in the corridor, and these patients did not have central oxygen supply facilities and mainly relied on bottled oxygen supply. Both he and his colleagues delivered oxygen cylinders to the ward as quickly as possible after receiving the assignment.

It was during the Spring Festival that the pandemic outbroke, and patients admitted by Jinyintan Hospital were all infected COVID-19. Many property staff went home for fear of being infected. In the case of an urgent shortage of staff, Zhou Deyi transferred all available personnel to form a temporary team after asking for the approval, taking over the heavy work without complaint.
The man, who was nearly sixty years old, ran in every corner of the hospital. Even if it was in winter, sweat often soaked through his clothes.
Wu Changshun, an employee of the Security Section, was a new member of the Party who joined the CPC in 2019, lively and lovely. During the pandemic, in addition to completing the hospital's security work, he also took on the job of delivering bottled oxygen to the patients in the corridor of the ward. As the hospital's treatment tasks increased, there were more and more patients living in the corridor, who had no central oxygen supply facilities and mainly relied on bottled oxygen supply. Therefore, both he and his colleagues delivered oxygen cylinders to them as quickly as possible after receiving the assignment.

====张文琦 Zhang Wenqi ====

医院防护物资紧缺，为了保障一线医护人员的供应，他和同事们只能穿着爱心人士捐赠的没有达到应有防护级别的隔离服进病区，“我们送到后就及时出来，隔离服要留给医生护士，他们在里面待得久，不能没有保障。”吴昌顺的话语非常朴实。
他们也是战士，虽然默默无闻，却一样冒着生命危险守卫着这片土地上的人民。
寒冬中的汗水
金银潭医院在新冠肺炎疫情中备受关注，得到了全国人民的支援与关爱。社会企业和公众发挥大爱无疆的公益精神，踊跃捐献各类物资到医院。

Due to the shortage of protective materials in the hospital, he and his colleagues could only wear isolation suits caring people donated which did not meet the due protection level, so as to guarantee the supply of front-line medical staff. “We came out as soon as materials were sent to them. Isolation suits should be left to medical staff, because they cannot stay inside for a long time without security,” said Wu Changshun sincerely.
They were fighters, too. Although unknown, they risked their lives to protect the people of this land.
Sweat in the Severe Winter
Jinyintan Hospital has drawn much attention in the COVID-19 pandemic and has received support and care from the people of the whole country. Social enterprises and the public gave full play to the public spirit of boundless love through active donations of various materials to hospitals.

Due to the shortage of protective materials in the hospital, he and his colleagues could only wear isolation suits caring people donated which did not meet the due protection level, in order to guarantee the supply of front-line medical staff. “We came out as soon as materials were sent to them. Isolation suits should be left to medical staff, because they cannot stay inside for a long time without security,” said Wu Changshun sincerely. They were also fighters. Though unknown, they risked their lives to protect the local people.
Sweat in the severe winter
Jinyintan Hospital has drawn much attention in the COVID-19 pandemic and has received support and care from the people of the whole country. Social enterprises and the public gave full play to the public spirit of boundless love through active donations of various materials to hospitals.

====周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan====

把捐献的物资保管好、分配好、使用好，是保证一线医护人员顺利生活、工作的基础。金银潭医院后勤保障战线的同志除了完成本职工作外还义无反顾地承担起接收与分配捐献物资的重任。社会各界捐献的物资千差万别，有生活用品，有医疗用品；有鲜活型的，有长期型的；有对口指定支援的，有特殊用途的。他们秉持一颗公心，事事突出"精准"特点，讲规矩，听指挥。
接收捐献物资医疗器材、食品、各种生活用品全部都登记入账，保存安全并分发及时，做到了 “账目清晰、公开廉政、使用合理、保障有力”。
2月15日的晚上10点多钟，忙碌了一天的医院逐渐地放慢了节奏。此时，医院突然接到一批消毒用品的捐献，车辆即将到达医院。
夜晚寒冷，白天的疲劳还未消退，但一想到明天医护人员还要冲锋上前，全院需要消杀保障，爱心人士正在路上奔波，医院后勤的员工临时组建突击小分队，第一时间集结，由食堂的班组
长袁勇带队，8个人10分钟内到齐，开辟通道，整理仓库。

The basis for the smooth life and work of front-line medical staff is the careful reservation, equal distribution and sufficient use of donated materials. These donations from all walks of life can be divided into different types, including daily necessities and medical supplies; some for instant use, some for long-term use; some for designated support and some for a specific purpose. The receiving and distribution of them is undertaken by comrades from Jinyintan Hospital logistics support front, who also do their regular work well. Taking an orientated approach and following the instructions, these comrades all work for the public. Under the principle of clear accounts, open and clean work, reasonable use and full guarantee, medical equipment, food and all kinds of daily necessities are registered, kept safely and distributed in a timely manner. After 10 o ’clock in the evening on February 15, the staff gradually slowed down after a busy day. At that time, they were informed that a batch of disinfection supplies are about to arrive at the hospital. Though cold and tired, they were assembled immediately to ensure that tomorrow’s work is smooth and to support the work of the caring people. Led by Yuan Yong, the team leader of the canteen, eight people arrived within 10 minutes to open the channel and sort out the warehouse.

It is the careful reservation, equal distribution and sufficient use of donated materials that guarantee the smooth life and work of front-line medical staff. Except for their duties, they also needed to take the responsibilities of receiving and distribution of donated goods. These donations from all walks of life can be divided into different types, including daily necessities and medical supplies; some for instant use, some for long-term use; some for designated support and some for a specific purpose. With a devoting heart to the Public they put "precision" into the centre of their attention and strictly followed the instruction. They managed to register and dispense all the donated medical suppies, foods, and daily necessities in time in the principle of "clear accounts, public governance, reasonable using, powerful guarantee". Late at 10 p.m. on the 15th of Februrary, the staff gradually slowed down after a busy day. At that time, they were informed that a batch of disinfection supplies were about to arrive at the hospital. Though cold and tired, they were assembled immediately to ensure that tomorrow's work be smooth to support the work of the caring people. Led by Yuan Yong, the team leader of the canteen, eight people arrived within 10 minutes to smooth the channel and sort out the warehouse.

====周子豪 Zhou Zihao ====

车辆一到达医院，即开始紧张的清点、交接与卸载工作。每个人平均搬运40多件包装品，仅用了 50分钟便全部整理入库。前来捐献的爱心人士敬佩地说：“我跑了那么多的单位，金银潭医院的同志们最是认真负责，物品捐赠给你们，我们放心！”
当爱心人士的车辆离开后，8个人才发现，虽然是在寒冷的冬夜，但每个人脸上都挂满了汗珠。
在这场战“疫”中，金银潭医院后勤保障战线的这个群体，主动请缨，并肩作战。医院的每一个角落都是他们的战场，守护好身边的“白衣战士”、守护好身处的这座城，是他们唯一的心愿。
The nervous work of counting, transferring and unloading started right after the cars have arrived. Everyone took averagely more than 40 packages and it took only 50 minutes to put them all in storage. "Among all the places I hav ever been, people here are the most meticulous ones. It did reassure me to rely on you." people who came to donate said respectfully. It was after the cars had left they noticed the sweat on their faces in such a cold weather. During the battle against the pandemic, the logistical department of Jinyintan Hospital took its responsibilities to fight hand in hand. Their batteground covered every corner of the hospital. It was the only wish that they safeguard their warriors in white and the city behind.

====庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang====

金银潭医院后勤员工在搬运物资
“暴风之眼”中的医院GCP
2019年12月30日，武汉市金银潭医院GCP （药物临床试验机构）及项目组成员在I期临床试验研究室召开了 2个BE项目的启动会，兼任项目PI的张定宇院长在会议总结时重点强调： “当前流感盛行，大家一定要注意保暖，避免感冒。”
当时，GCP的同事并未觉察到院长的深意。几天后，他们才知道，就在启动会的前一天晚上（12月29日），医院收治了几名不明原因肺炎患者。
也就是从这天起，金银潭医院，特别是呼吸道感染科，在超前谋划的张定宇带领下，积极投身于这场没有硝烟的战“疫”。
加快试验入组，机构、伦理齐迈步

====Wellsand, Benjamin====

2020年新年伊始，随着医院收治的类似患者日渐增加，且临床未找到有效药物治疗的情形下，帮助临床寻找特效药物成了当务之急。
他们通过文献检索、同类机构指导发现：洛匹那韦/利托那韦和干扰素-a2b, Remdesivir,对新型冠状病毒单/多克隆抗体可能有效，需紧急开展临床试验以验证这些药物对治疗新冠肺炎的有效性。接下来的每天，他们与时间赛跑，在确保符合药物临床试验规范的基础上，与中日友好医院、北京协和医院、北京朝阳医院、中国科学院武汉病毒所等多家研究单位展开通力合作，GCP机构办公室统筹协调，机构人员分工协作，自2020年1月6日起，开始了寻找治疗新冠肺炎有效治疗药物的临床研究攻关。
2020年1月9日，首个新冠肺炎项目“克力芝”进行伦理上会审批,经过几例预试验后，1月17号正式入组。截至2月2日，该项目入组新冠肺炎患者202例，入组速度相较于平时提升了 80%0

At the beginning of 2020, as the number of similar patients admitted to the hospital was increasing day by day, and no effective drug treatment had been found clinically, helping the clinic find specific drugs had become a top priority.
Through research and guidance from similar institutions, they found that lopinavir/ritonavir and interferon-a2b, Remdesivir, may be effective against new coronavirus monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies. In addition, urgent clinical trials are needed to verify the effectiveness of these drugs for treatment of COVID-19. In the following days, they raced against time. On the basis of ensuring compliance with drug clinical trial specifications, they cooperated with China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and other research units. GCP Institutional Office is coordinating overall, and the personnel of the institution work together in the division of labor. Since January 6, 2020, the clinical research to find effective drugs for the treatment of new coronary pneumonia has begun. On January 9, 2020, the first COVID-19 project, Kalitra, was approved by the ethics committee. After several pre-tests, it was formally subscribed on January 17th. As of February 2nd, the project has admitted 202 patients with new coronary pneumonia, and enrollment is 80% above the normal rate.

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2020年1月24日，国家科技部下达应急攻关专项，金银潭医院作为牵头单位承担“重症患者救治及诊疗方案优化项目”。

金银潭医院GCP机构员工正在硏讨

金银潭医院GCP机构参加武汉市传染病医院医学伦理委员会2020年度第一次伦理审查会议。

当日，金银潭医院内紧急召开“重症患者救治及诊疗方案优化项目临床科技攻关小组成立暨项目启动会”。1月29日，科技部应急攻关项目工作会暨项目启动会召开，并快速确定第一批的8个项目，以尽快确定临床治疗方案。

2020年2月5日下午，深受人们期望的“Remdesivir” 瑞德西韦临床研究项目启动会在金银潭医院召开，开启了新一轮的“特效药” ID期临床试验验证过程。
身处防疫一线核心的金银潭，摆在该院临床试验机构面前最大的困难是：如何在避免交叉感染的情况下，既要确保伦理时效性，又要保证项目审查质量。经过多方协调，他们最终通过院外专家远程微信视频+院内专家现场会议的新型形式解读

瑞德西韦临床研究项目启动会在金银潭医院召开

特殊时期应急情况。短短1个多月，他们共召开了4次伦理会议审查，其中新冠肺炎应急攻关项目会议审查14项。快审3项，备案3项。
身兼多职，全员参与保进度
GCP机构在全力配合用于治疗新冠肺炎的临床应急试验的同时，除了认真对待邮箱中每一个新冠肺炎项目咨询和解释相关要求外,在疫情特殊背景下,部分之前由院外人员承担的责任, 也落到了 GCP机构的肩上。
他们需要兼任CRO组织管理项目，查阅文献，审阅、撰写方案，制定项目专属SOP,为项目顺利启动做充足准备。
他们需要去病区，或作为PM统筹协调其他资源保障项目顺利如期展开，或作为质控员保障研究者按规范进行试验，或作为CRA监控试验实施详细过程，或作为CRC协助研究者顺利开展项目……

他们需要筛选符合入组条件的病例。每天从上千份病例中逐一筛选，挑选符合入组条件的病例，有任何遗漏，就可能造成某位患者错失早日接受治疗的机会。
他们需要根据患者知情入组的时间，配合临床，完成受试者随机分配，并跟踪直至给药完成。给药完成的时间，或是白天, 或是黑夜，甚至是凌晨，他们从不说苦，因为这就是责任。
他们需要录入试验原始数据。入组试验重要，但数据分析却更为重要，有效的结果能促进临床的规模使用，无效的结果能及时纠正研究方向，避免资源浪费。
获得试验数据后，他们又立刻将数据录入电脑，争分夺秒。在他们的信念中：只要早一秒录完，就能早一秒进行数据统计分析，药效就能早一秒知晓。

治病救人是医生护士的责任，而尽快获取第一手的试验结果，就是GCP机构的使命。他们精细划分每一项工作，分配好任务，及时跟踪反馈，确保所有工作能尽快有效落地。
快速响应，I期病房在行动
2020年1月，I期临床试验研究室除了照常完成已经启动入组的BE临床试验，还要协助其他病区防控疫情。
为确保受试者健康安全，同时最大限度增加医院床位，武汉市唯一的定点传染病医院的掌舵人、兼任I期临床试验研究室负责人的张定宇再一次做出决定：立刻暂停其他与疫情防控无关的药物I期

临床试验项目入组，已经入组的项目快速结束，腾出I期临床试验用病房，用以收治新冠肺炎患者。
接到指令后，GCP机构办主任龚凤云动员I期病房的所有医生、护士立即行动起来，仅仅用了两天就完成了病房的升级改造，随时待命。1月27日，I期病房开始收治第一例新冠肺炎患者。
舍小“家”为大“家”，把爱传递
GCP机构办公室主任刘颖以院为家，坚守前线统筹协调，咨询和立项的每一个方案都是经由她手，自12月29日起至

金银潭GCP机构同事合影
今未休息一天。每天连轴转，下班时间从未早于晚8点，深夜十一二点下班也是常态，每天只能抽空与未满4岁的女儿视频连线……
GCP机构的质控管理员阮姝楠，1月8号才做了肝脏囊肿手术，出院刚满一周，1月16号就重返工作岗位。伦理、机构的事情都少不了她，有一次，工作劳累之后，阮姝楠上腹部疼痛难忍，只好下午回家休息了半天，但第二天就重返岗位。她说：“我们GCPX作正接受前所未有的挑战，这种时候我不能缺席！ “
同事们心疼她，也只能尽量不让她干体力活。

自疫情防控战在金银潭医院率先打响以来，金银潭医院 GCP机构人员积极响应院号召，取消周末双休，很早就与家人沟通，退了回家的车票，取消与家人团聚的机会，投身于防疫工作。
他们已经连续战斗了 50余天，有时也会互相吐槽：真累啊，好想睡一大觉。但看着确诊病例不断增长，他们心急如焚，这不仅仅是数字，而是一个个如你如我如他的生命，一个个身边的同胞。
每想及此，他们又充满了斗志。他们相信：在全国人民的支援下，湖北、武汉一定能战胜这场疫情；他们相信：经过这场防疫战后的GCP机构，将会为守护人民健康积累丰厚的经验。
医院检验科的坚守

疫情开始的初期，对于病原的性质、毒力、传播等各种信息均不明确，导致很多员工在思想上焦虑，不安全感很严重。医院检验科党支部第一时间召开党员大会，号召全体党员在这个关键时刻出列，每个党员要在工作中成为一面红色的旗帜，在思想上成为一根定海神针。
检验科的管理团队根据专业的生物安全管理，迅即制定了更为严格的通道管理，提高了防护级别，调整检测流程适应高危样本的防护，持续性地开展防护服的规范穿脱程序的培训和检测环节的生物安全培训，严查细节，筑起保护工作人员和工作环境的一道防护墙。
检验科党支部的党员、干部、普通员工从这场战“疫”开始, 就站在了队伍的前列，科主任们把科室管理和员工的安全放在首位；风险高、任务重的岗位，党员先上。

检验科主任项杰从疫情开始就一直奋战在第一线，一直没回家。妻子生病不能照顾，两个孩子见不到父亲，自己身体撑不住也依然坚持工作。
检验科吴志强，夫妻两人都是检验科职工，疫情来临，为了工作，无法照料家里近90岁的老父亲，只好送到养老院。一个多月过去了，老人想儿女想回家，吴志强一次次在电话中安慰老人，挂了电话，自己却难过得直掉泪。
每天要忙到晚上10点多，整理大量的患者信息和核酸检测数据匹配，以保证及时准确地上传给省、市防疫指挥部；平日还要把关领回的防护用品是否适用于实验室的防护级别；对讲机时刻在手边，协调防护区内外的沟通……这是检验科刘婷的工作日常。

马峻本来到了不上夜班的年龄，因为科室根据安全考虑，接二连三有需要隔离观察的同事暂时离岗，马峻主动成为了 “顶班专业户”。
“我考虑了，我相信ICU的同志会照顾好我公公，孩子我送到她姑姑家，就算是刘伟（方国妍爱人）在一线，我也不退二线，我要回来上班”，这是检验科方国妍度过隔离期后的决定。
每一个岗位，都有他们坚守和奋斗的身影。
金银潭抗疫纪事

==Part 9==

第四章
“小人物”的“大故事”
如果说金银潭医院是与疫魔激烈交锋的战区，那么金银潭医院的所有医护人员和员工都是无畏的英雄战士。
然而，医院之夕卜，他们也只是一群普通的“小人物”，有各自的小家需要去操持。面对肆虐的病毒，他们顾全大局、參力力同心，沉着应对、主动作为，用最质朴的坚守、最无私的奉献打响了这场生命至上的保卫战，演绎出一个个感人的“大故事”。
于无声处听惊雷

有一种执着，在惊涛骇浪中弥足珍贵；有一种坚守，在困难逆境中传递温暖。
在抗击新型冠状病毒的伟大斗争中，影像确诊是第一道关口，为提供精准治疗发挥着前置性服务作用，承担着“预警机” 的角色与功能。
放射科便是医院治疗体系的“预警机”，在筛查、诊断、病情评估、疗效评估、出院判断等方面提供重要的参考决策依据O
拍CT、看胸片，是确诊新冠肺炎的关键环节。樊艳青是金银潭医院医技党支部书记，也是放射科主任。从2019年12月底以来，在金银潭医院收治新冠肺炎患者期间，她主动取消了休假，放弃了和家人春节团聚的机会，以院为家，日夜奋战在抗击疫情一线。

疫情形势严峻，樊艳青广泛动员和充分发动科室全体同志取消休假，她并没有豪情壮语，也没有硬性要求，只是简单地一句话“共产党员和同志们，看我的，跟我上！”
朴实而坚定，简洁而有力。在党支部的坚强堡垒带领作用下，医院放射科21名医护人员全部取消休假，其中包括5名党员。他们一力承担起6000多人次的门诊疑似病例、新冠肺炎确诊病例，同时还要负责1000多医护人员的筛查。
樊艳青还承担着大量的一线工作任务。每天坚持到隔离病房为患者做床边胸片，努力克服了工作量大、防护严苛、设备笨重、通讯不便等困难，出色完成了临床诊断要求。平均下来她每天要诊断检查300到400人次，每个CT要看600到900 帧图像。对待每个患者，她都以高度负责的态度，不放过任何的疑问与细节，每个患者资料要反复查看2到3遍，才撰写文字报告。
从疫情开始至今，她的眼睛每天都是酸胀、干涩，布满了血丝。

作为党员，樊艳青充分地发挥了先锋模范带头作用，哪里的任务重，她就带队冲锋到哪里。她以自己的行动和感染力，践行了共产党员的初心和使命。正是有樊艳青这样无数牺牲小我、奋不顾身的共产党员，在平凡岗位中默默奉献，于无声处听惊雷，抗击疫情这场伟大斗争的曙光才能提前到来。
军功章上有你的一半，也有我的一半
“我能想到最浪漫的事，不是和你一起慢慢变老，而是一起在烈火狂风中相互携手，抗击风暴，共同迎接黎明的到来。”
这是金银潭医院南四病区医生余婷和他的妻子——医院护士丁娜的共同心愿。他们以自己的实际行动，在医疗战线上抒写着爱情的动人篇章。

医院南四病区负责着四十多名新冠肺炎患者的治疗工作，其中有不少是重症患者。而南四区的医生总共才有四名，平均每人每天要治疗十多个患者，救治任务是平常工作量的五倍。而且，重症患者思想情绪波动大，病菌传染不可控风险高。
面对着这场艰巨的工作任务，余婷首先考虑的却是带动妻子一起来投身于这场伟大的斗争中。他们一起妥善安排好家里的事务，克服困难，第一个批次报名，第一个批次写请战书，第一个批次站在阵地的最前线。
余婷每天坚持到病房巡查、诊断。防护装备穿戴下来，要花费不少时间。他为了节约时间与装备，一进病房就是四五个小时。逐床问诊，对症下药，心理辅导，加油鼓劲，不仅从药物上治疗患者，还从心理上给重症患者以生的希望和春天般的温暖O

他的妻子丁娜，也全身心地投入到病房的护理工作中去，一丝不苟、兢兢业业，常常忙得连饭也顾不上吃。两口子一天下来，汗水浸湿衣背，水汽弥漫面罩，手上的动作不再敏捷，脚步不再有力，脸上被口罩压出了深深的痕迹。忙碌的背后，余婷与丁娜两人经常一天见不上一面，只能在休息时间打个电话互相问候、相互勉励。但他们都彼此约定，待到樱花烂漫时，两人一起去赏花，去品尝胜利的喜悦。
因为，“军功章上有你的一半，也有我的一半！”
不能守护的家人
2020年2月3日，如同往常一样，医生王珂和护士赵欣刚结束繁忙而紧张的抢救工作。当晚有2个患者病情危重不稳定，他们一直忙碌于诊治，待写完抢救记录，时针已指向凌晨 3点。当晚，本不是

王珂值班，是他主动要求参与抢救危重患者。
不仅仅是这次，平素工作中他也是如此。
时间回溯至2020年的1月20 0,接到紧急通知，当晚就要腾空病房收治新冠肺炎患者。疫情就是命令，金银潭医院结核病科第三党支部紧急撤离一批患者,布置病房，研究实施方案, 一直忙到晚上10点，终于为收治新冠肺炎患者创造好完备的环境条件。
作为一名党员，44岁的王珂，顾不上疲惫，积极请战，开始收治第一批患者，到当天凌晨3点金银潭医院结核病科第三党支部总共收治31个患者，仅王珂一人就收治了 10多个患者。
脱下防护服的那一刻，他的衣服已被汗水湿透，脸颊上也被压出深深的褶痕。

在接下来的工作中，他总是不顾危险，率先冲在最前面：积极要求接管病情比较危重的患者；主动要求参加危重患者的抢救工作；危重患者转科时，积极进病房帮忙搬运吸氧设备和呼吸机……
只要有需要，随处都可以看到他的身影。在承担患者救治工作之余，他还要协助完成治疗新冠肺炎的临床研究项目，利用休息时间采集和处理住院患者的临床医疗信息，频繁下病房去询问、了解患者病情。除去吃饭和睡觉的时间，他的生活被安排得满满当当，全身心扑在治病救人工作上。
不幸的是，这期间他的小姨被确诊患有新冠肺炎。然而，在疫情紧张的局面下，医院仍有许多重患需要救治，治疗项目也亟待突破。几番思量，他选择忍痛留守在没有硝烟，却异乎残酷的战场上，没能去看小姨一眼，只是通过电话交代了一些注意事项。由于病情危重，他的小姨很快去世了。接到电话通知的那一刻，这个大个头男人眼里都是泪水，他抢救了那么多患者，唯独自己的亲人需要他守护时，却不能出现在身边……

仅仅过了数日，他的妹妹也被确诊，好在妹妹年轻，病情也比较轻，他却也只能借助电话向妹妹传达问候和关心。
“家是最小国，国是千万家”。多少这样平凡的白衣战士心甘情愿舍小家为众人筑起一道抗疫的长城，只为这场疫情防控阻击战能早日胜利，只盼彼时冬去春来，雪消冰释。
那个蹒跚的身影
2017年8月一2018年8月赴藏对口援建工作第一批成员。
2019年2月由于临时加开北五楼病区并腾空原有北六楼结核病区收治流感患儿，大大缓解其他科室收治压力。
2020年1月1日接管南六楼新冠肺炎病区，1月19日将南六楼改造成为ICUo
这是陈南山近三年的工作轨迹。他的身份在临床医生、援藏队员、病区主任之间无缝转换。

作为金银潭医院耐药病区的科主任，他的每一个亲切的笑脸，每一个鼓励的眼神，每一句温暖的问候语，每一个细微的动作，对于耐药患者都是一味对症的良药。
陈南山从事医疗事业三十多年来，无论是在行政管理，还是临床医疗的岗位上，都是兢兢业业，刻苦钻研，得到了患者的赞誉、同事的好评。他有着良好的职业道德、严谨的工作态度、很强的综合分析能力，非常重视诊疗过程中的心理疏通，关注患者心理变化。
随着新冠肺炎危重症患者收治越来越多，1月19日医院决定将南六楼从普通病房改造成为ICU,从人员分配、环境布查完房从病房里出来的陈南山。

陈南山穿戴防护装备。（第四章图片除有特殊说明外均为武汉市金银潭医院供图）

仪器设备到一张床一把椅，陈南山带领大家动了起来，一边收治危重患者，一边改造，仅花了两天半时间把整个病区改造成功。

他身体力行，每天不管多忙多累都坚持下病房，详细查看每一位患者，掌握患者的病情变化，半夜突发状况比较多时他就干脆睡在医院。
陈南山已年近六旬，高血压、痛风症常年折磨着他，同事从他走路的样子就能看出他痛风又犯了。
数十天的坚守，他没有豪言壮语，没有遗书遗言，没有光头明志，只有那略弯着腰、微弓着背的蹒跚身影深深印在同事和患者的脑海中。
哪有什么生而勇敢，

只是因为选择了无畏
从2019年12月底开始，医院检验科已满负荷地工作2个多月了。检验科入职不久的“小朋友们”，有的刚当上父亲，有的还是奶奶最疼爱的孙女，然而，只要穿上白大褂，他们瞬间就化身为勇敢而无畏的战士。
何旭，生化组，2017年入职。
何旭每天要穿梭在三台生化仪旁，检测几百例样本、几十个项目。
他说，刚开始，因为对这个病毒到底是什么、怎样传、毒力怎样都未知，想着家里又有老人又有小孩，还是挺担心的。后来随着科室的防护措施一步步提升到位，科室不断地给大家做生物安全培训，各方面细节都涉及了，心里有底了，开始逐渐踏实下来。
对何旭来讲，最大的动力之一，莫过于家里人的支持，他的妻子带孩子住在岳母那里，老人把孩子照顾得很好，免了他的后顾之忧。有时下夜班，何旭会帮家里买点菜，把冰箱塞满。

何旭在工作中（右图左一为何旭）。

“我只能做这些，不敢在家久待，所以对家人挺愧疚的。” 何旭说。
闫明哲，分子生物组，2019年入职。
闫明哲负责病毒核酸检测。1米9的小伙子，笑起来还像个腼腆的大男孩，儿子才出生3个月。
闫明哲说，刚开始还是有点害怕的，不过“这就是我们的责任啊，不能退”。尤其看到外省的医务人员不远千里一拨一拨地赶来支援，看到私家车司机自发地守在医院门口接送医务人员，他在心里想，除了加倍地做好工作，哪有理由退缩。

这段时间以来，闫明哲最想感谢的还是自己的妻子。虽然闫明哲父母帮着妻子一起带宝宝，可好多方面，妻子都得去适应，“挺难为她的”。宝宝后来发湿疹，也不方便带到医院去看, 只能干着急。
有时候，闫明哲挺想回去一下，但疫情防控需要，闫明哲只能隔着玻璃看看宝宝，“儿子现在还不会找我……”
吴煙，临检组，2019年入职。
吴哗本来准备今年结婚，疫情暴发后，头发都没时间去剪，婚纱照就更没时间去拍了。
吴煙说，刚开始也害怕，特别是身边有熟悉的人感染，但是科室的防护工作做得很细致，“老师和前辈们没有一个人退缩，我也就安下心了”。

何柳、张媛媛，微生物组，分别于2011年和2018年入职。
疫情一开始，何柳就将自己在医院附近的房子让给了科室的两个老师居住，她说：“江老师和刘老师家里都是几代同堂，住得又远，让她们住我家，她们的家人就少些风险。”
何柳平时话少，却贴心地为老师们备好了洗手液、洗发水。
自从科室提高防护级别后，有些风险高的项目就挪到了 P2 实验室内完成。每天张媛媛和何柳在江丽萍老师的带领下，在 P2实验室里一待就是三四个小时。张媛媛说：“科室老师们都是这样在工作，我和她们在一起，不怕。”

刘梦元，临检组，2019年入职。
刘梦元说，刚开始也会害怕，后来看着科室生物安全管理非常严格，各个环节、各个细节都注意到，一遍遍地培训，也就不怕了。“在我们科室里，我感觉最安全。有时爸爸妈妈打电话时，我就跟他们讲，我们怎么做防护的，让他们放心。” 刘梦元说，有时老师们从实验室出来后，一起说说话，开开玩笑, 就感觉很轻松，心里很踏实。
一副副年轻的脸庞，一个个瘦小的身躯。哪有什么生而勇敢, 只是因为选择了无畏。
在金银潭医院检验科这群90后的年轻人眼里，这次疫情是考验，是锻炼，是个人难忘的一次成长。他们从检验科严谨的生物安全管理措施和持续的培训中，获得了安全感；从科主任率先垂范的行为中生发了责任感；从前辈老师们乐观、坚韧的精神中获得了坚持下去的力量；从科室和同事们的关怀中得到心灵上的安慰。
累，但是值得!

吴婷是金银潭医院综合二楼护士。作为一名有着近七年工作经验的一线护士，面对疫情，吴婷深知，穿上白袍，就等于选择了责任与使命，作为医护工作者,救死扶伤是工作更是责任, 抗击疫情责无旁贷。
2019年冬季的流感暴发，吴婷所在的科室作为流感病房，承担着小儿流感及各类感染性疾病的收治工作，每天出入量都在50人次左右，正是这样一个无比团结、和谐的队伍在坚持，并将继续坚持着，从未落后过，也从未放弃过。
自1月19日开始收治疑似病例以来，金银潭医院上下同心同德，全力投入救治工作。隔离病区的医护人员更是日夜奋战在疫情防控第一线。
1月19日，吴婷所在科室接到医院通知，清空病房，全体搬迁至南三楼收治新冠肺炎患者，科室同事集体报名加班，做好病房的布置工作。老病房和新病房的处理在科主任和护士长的带领下，进行得有条不紊。

吴婷记得，当天她上夜班就收治了 18个患者。新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎这样一个新病种，当时对于她们来说还有点陌生，但是大家都经过医院的严格培训，并且有禽流感救治的经验，所以很快就进入了角色。
1月26日，又接到医院通知，科室护士全体搬迁至综合楼二楼，大家又积极报名改造和布置病房、清洁区、潜在污染物、污染区等等。
这些细小的工作看似简单，做起来却并不容易，但吴婷和同事们经过科学的考虑，科室布局都符合院感（医院感染管理）的要求，至今为止，吴婷所在的科室无一例医护人员感染。
1月26日晚上，吴婷和同事就接收了 30个新患者。接收后，医生立即分类，护士马上报总值班。医生们按轻重缓急有条不紊地处理患者；护士们测生命体征、吸氧、输液等等，穿梭于患者之间。医护之间争分夺秒、配合默契，一直到次日凌晨3点，才将所有患者处理完毕。
处理完患者，又开始处理病房，因为没有卫生员，这时护士不仅只是护士，还是清洁工、患者的家属等等，承担着各种角色，但大家没有一句怨言。

从流感到肺炎，吴婷和同事几乎没有休息过，“累，但是也很快乐，因为正做着一件很伟大的事情。”
“哪有不怕的，说不怕是假的。”但是在病房里，每当看到患者的意志力是如此之顽强，听到患者每天给大家打气，为武汉加油，为自己加油，吴婷觉得一切都是值得的。
吴婷觉得，正如钟南山院士所说，“武汉本来就是一座很英雄的城市，有全国、有大家的支持，武汉肯定能过关。”
一名医者的担当
中午，值班室里，大家陆陆续续吃完了午餐，郑汉丹医生这才顶着湿漉漉的头发过来，问有没有多余的盒饭，她要带一份给家中的孩子。
她的儿子今年上高中，自理能力不错，为什么今天要送饭回去？
原来郑汉丹今天夜班，查完房她要把家中唯一的汽车开回去，这样的话，晚上她爱人就可以开车送郑医生的母亲去武汉中心医院南京路院区做透析。

郑汉丹医生是金银潭医院的一名普通医生，一直从事传染病的临床诊治工作。她的父母也是医疗战线工作者，父亲是金银潭医院退休的老院长，已85岁高龄；母亲是武汉市中心医院妇产科退休的老主任，5年前因为糖尿病、肾病开始就近在武汉市中心医院后湖院区透析，郑汉丹需要经常过去照顾。
郑汉丹自己患有哮喘，常年使用药物控制发作，她爱人曾俊在武汉市疾病预防控制中心工作。2003年的非典战役，郑汉丹参加过，儿子也是那一年出生。没想到17年后，金银潭医院作为武汉市首批收治新冠肺炎危重患者的定点医院，她又一次投入到了新的战场上，肩上的职责丝毫未变。
从疫情开始，他们夫妻不分昼夜，在各自的岗位上奔波忙碌，没有多少精力顾及家庭。所幸的是刚上高一的儿子自理能力强，做饭洗衣等驾轻就熟，因为父母特殊的工作岗位，孩子早已磨砺出来，这段时间一直都是独自一人在家自己照顾自己。

最让郑汉丹担心的是母亲年老体弱，透析治疗已有5年，近期因为疫情越来越严峻，原来做透析的武汉市中心医院后湖院区临时改为收治新冠肺炎患者，透析需换到离家较远的武汉市中心医院南京路院区，加上母亲因脑梗造成双下肢瘫痪，每周3次的透析无奈减至2次。
按现有情况，必须靠车辆接送才能完成透析。夫妻俩单位——父母家——透析中心，往返奔波，为了交接唯一的交通工具——私家车，夫妻俩人才能见个面，说几句话。为了工作，她和医生商量，母亲的透析时间安排在晚上8时至12时，每次透析结束，都是凌晨才能安顿好父母，次日又要投入到忙碌的工作中。
在这场看不见硝烟的战争中，所有家庭都面临着各种困难，经受着各种考验，但是为了人民的健康和幸福，郑汉丹和她的同事们“舍小家，顾大家”，以医务工作者的责任和担当，义无反顾地投入到抗击新冠肺炎的阻击战中。他们的付出，是众志成城打赢疫情防控阻击战的坚实基础。
“一点都不害怕那是假话，但也容不得我们害怕”

“一点都不害怕那是假话，但也容不得我们害怕。”已经从业13年，31岁的金银潭医院南七楼重症监护室护士马丹说。
“现在是每天都要进去，排班就像车轮一样不断往前滚。” 马丹当天的排班是晚上11点到凌晨4点。她们科室总共40 多个护士，7至8个人为一个班组，每个班进去一次就是5个小时。
马丹的老公是一名货运火车司机，疫情发生后，他也一直坚守在岗位，调运货物。夫妻俩4岁的儿子现在特别“可怜”，成了留守儿童，都是家里老人帮忙在带。
马丹唯一一次回家是1月30日，原因是86岁奶奶去世。但那天她和爱人仅仅是回家看了一眼就走了，没有多逗留。疫情笼罩之下，奶奶过世，没有几个亲人相送，没有一个花圈，在马丹的记忆中没见过哪个老人去世时，走得这么悲凉。
马丹回忆，2019年12月29日首批转入金银潭医院的9名不明原因肺炎患者就是进了她们科室。“当时还不清楚是什么病毒，我当时在武汉市的其他医院进修，然后看到工作群里说，
突然转入不明肺炎患者，我就说我要回来，不能抛下同事。第二天一早我就回到了工作岗位。”

“一点都不害怕那是假话，但也容不得我们害怕。”马丹说，她参加过禽流感、甲流的疫情防控工作。
“我觉得本来就是传染病专科医院，如果我们都不顶上去，那还等谁，还能指着谁，这是我们的专业，我们不能退缩！”
在重症室，患者的生活起居、大小便等全部要护士来帮忙。
马丹的病房里十多个重症患者，最轻松的时候，一个护士也要管2—3个患者。“在那里面的压力是很大的，患者都是全院最病重的，抢救、用药都很急，我们时时刻刻都要面临可能出现的抢救工作，节奏很快很紧张，强度很大，神经绷得很紧。”
“科室护士长从疫情发生就没有回过家，天天守在病房，她连酒店都没有回过，她要守着患者做ECMO （体外膜肺氧合），做完了她就直接在病房休息。”马丹回忆，有一天工作完了之后护士长流鼻血了，就捂着鼻子，搞了个氧气在那里吸氧，即使这样了也不离开岗位。护士长和女儿视频，经常是对着手机躲在一边哭。“有了她的带动，我们才有坚持下来的动力。”马丹说。

马丹所在科室在疫情中相互鼓励。

“爸爸每天早上五六点的时候给我发一篇心灵鸡汤文章，慰问一下我和同事，鼓励我。” 一直在前线坚守的马丹，最感恩的是家里的爸爸妈妈和婆婆的支持，“特别是我爸爸，他是一个老党员，他认为遇到这个事情，国家需要我，我能参与是我的责任，也是我的光荣，他以我为傲，每天在微信鼓励我。”
马丹说，她的婆婆不善言语，但让她特别安心。婆婆跟她说：“我帮你把孩子带好，你安心在前线工作！”

“每个人做好自己的事情，就是对疫情防控最大的帮助。” 马丹说，只希望自己能尽最大的能力，救治每一个患者，让疫情快点结束。

==Part 10==
不只是在疫情中才是战士
46岁的金银潭医院南四病区护士长吴静，已经从业28年。
从1月1日开始投入这场战“疫”，腾退病房，做好准备，2

是一个没有硝烟的战场！不计报
,无论生死！这八个字朴实无华，却是每位医护人员的职业道德和信念的写照！十多天来，我亲身经历了这战场发生的一切，医生、护士、医务人员冒着生命危险，穿着厚重且不甚透气的防护服，24小时奋战在病床一线。为了节约时间, 他们走路都是一路小跑......看着他们一个个疲惫的样子，我心疼的流泪 To （说实话，我自己都没有为我生这场病流泪！）我无法用语言来表达对这些医生、护士的敬畏之心！通过这次疫灾，我深切体会到身为中国人是有满满的安全感、幸福感的！感谢习主席、感谢党中央、感谢武汉市政府、感谢金银潭医院及南四楼的余主任和所有的护士，让我携起手来共同努力，坚决战胜侵袭武汉的新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎，坚决打赢疫情防控战！加油武活、治疗上的事全部都是护士来管。护士穿着防护服后行动会变慢，防护服里很闷，动一下就会大喘气。
当时情况就是“今天排明天的班，后面三天四天的班就排不下去了，非常缺人。我着急得都快哭了！”
后来人手多了些，吴静抽出时间回了趟家。
“我走的时候，家里人只说让我放心，工作之余方便的时候报个平安。”
吴静的科室护理团队里很多都是年轻的姑娘，28个护士，
90后占了 80%。“这些小丫头其实也都有各自的困难，心里也害怕，但觉悟都很高，不用安排她们去做什么，她们已经主动在做了。从来不叫苦，从来不讲条件。”

吴静所在科室的护士们合影，相互加油鼓劲
初期，吴静最担心的还是防护用品，自己都保护不了，怎么去保护别人。
“我们病区最小的护士才22岁。让人家在这么危险的环境工作，必须先保证她们的安全，也能更好照顾患者。”
吴静说，由于防护服是连体的，没有口袋，护士巡视输液时需要签名，笔、对讲机等小件物品没地方放。为了工作方便，科室护士的爸爸妈妈亲手帮她们做了
“爱心腰包”，吴静还在上面画上了笑脸，鼓励患者和医护人员都要乐观面对。
在吴静眼里，没有觉得自己是个战士，就是做好本职工作, “不管什么样的患者我们都要救助，不只是在疫情中才是战士, 平时的工作做好也是战士。”
宁愿穿纸尿裤干活，
也不愿离岗的大男人
金银潭医院工程部维修班副班长肖剑池怎么也想不到，46 岁身强体壮的自己，也会有穿上成人纸尿裤的一天。
但即便如此，他也从没想过退下抗疫一线，“病房里的事情要做啊，班长由于密切接触新冠肺炎患者被隔离,我是个党员，事事更要带头做！”
抗疫前线，肖剑池不愿缺席，哪怕突发痔疮，给工作和生活带来了各种不便。
2月12日，刚刚从医院综合4病区和5病区装完紫外线消毒灯回来的肖剑池接到电话：“北七病区15床跳闸，麻烦来看看。”来不及喝口水，他就和同事一起赶往北七病区。考虑到防护物资紧缺和维修难度，他让同事先在清洁区等候，自己穿好防护服进了病房。首先接上临时电源，保障医疗设备用电，再查找原因，近1米8身高的他，蹲在这里看看，趴在那里瞧瞧，终于在患者床下发现了原因，“重症患者小便失禁，尿液把设备的电源插座打湿烧坏了。”
处理完故障回到科室后，肖剑池疼得身上直冒冷汗，他换下工作服后径直去了厕所,这才发现内衣全部被血水打湿。原来, 长时间的蹲姿诱发了痔疮。
“怎么办？班长还没有结束隔离，这种特殊时期我肯定不能下火线！”他突然想到前段时间有爱心企业捐赠了成人纸尿裤，“我们要进病房工作，时间长了，穿个纸尿裤方便些。” 于是他找护士要了一包，由于拿着一包纸尿裤回去，“目标” 太明显，他只拿了一个，偷偷去厕所穿上，然后又去开了点痔疮膏。
后来，肖剑池想着纸尿裤穿着方便，但在男厕所里太过显眼, 他就用卫生纸代替了纸尿裤。每次需要更换卫生纸了，他边揪卫生纸边跟同事说拉肚子，就这样偷偷换了3天的卫生纸。突然有一天，同事发现哪怕再辛苦再累，肖剑池回来后也不坐着，经多次询问，无奈之下，他“坦白” 了，因为疼痛，一旦坐下来, 起身很困难，必须扶着凳子才能起身，所以他宁愿站着。
为保证后勤保障工作有条不紊，肖剑池主动顶替被隔离的班长上夜班。最长时间，他连续值了 2个夜班，工作超过48个小时，“虽然疼得火辣辣，但是问心无愧。”肖剑池说。
背后的她
优秀的共产党员，唯有在生动艰苦的工作实践中，方能显现出身上可贵的品质。作为金银潭医院财务科党支部书记、审计科长，李斌迅速地调整心态，投入到这场史无前例的抗击疫情的伟大斗争中。
这次疫情金银潭医院承担着新冠肺炎重症、危重症患者救治的任务，病毒传染风险一度令人谈之色变。入院患者没有家属陪护，生活自理能力差，需要医院提供全方位的生活保障服务。
李斌直面疫情，有序应对，在领导的布置下，主动承担起每天三餐给患者送饭到传递窗口，为病区运送消毒药品、办公物资等任务。病区内的医生与护士均为最高等级防护，每次送饭、送物资前，她都缜密地多方协调，科学有序做好隔离消毒和防护等各个环节，严格把关后勤保障供应的质量，在约定时间给患者提供营养可口、舒适温暖的后勤保障服务。李斌知道，患者营养有了保证，治疗效果才能确保。
医院行政管理人员一般都没有经过系统的医护专业培训，没有烈性传染环境中自我防护的专业技能与设备，普遍会产生一定的心理恐慌与畏惧情绪。李斌及时发现了这些情绪与苗头，她没有死板的说教，也没有严苛的命令，而是将自己的心得体会、成功做法、防护经验毫无保留地与大家分享，以自身的实际行动带动大家，发动大家正确认识病疫，普及科学防护的常识与要点，增强大家的信心。
小小身体里的巨大能量
李向蓉，是南一楼的一名普通护士。她爱笑，似乎没有什么事在她那里是过不去的，无论多忙，多累，同事们总是可以看见她欢快的小身影，快乐的小步伐。
疫情袭来，李向蓉冷静地安排了自己的家人，把婆婆和两岁三个月的儿子送回了老家，同时叮嘱好老公每一件注意事项，然后默默地收拾好了自己的行李，上了战场。家人们都很支持她的决定，同为党员的公公跟她说：“作为一个党员，在这个时候你一定要起到带头作用,冲在最前面！家里的一切你放心, 保护好自己，才能更好地为人民服务！”婆婆也是跟她立下了 “军令状”：“你安心去战斗，等你凯旋归来，我保证你儿子又长胖了好几斤！”
厚厚的防护服，层层的口罩与隔离衣，每天都汗如雨下，连说话都困难，走快一点都觉得喘不上气，可是她从没有说一句累，没有丝毫的退缩之意，依然“健步如飞”。
只要患者有需要，她总是用最快的速度来到他们面前解决所有的问题。喂饭、翻身、倒便盆尿壶等等，所有的脏活累活她从不挑剔，像对待自己的亲人一样，每一件事都尽心尽力。遇到不想吃饭的患者，她总是耐心地劝他们，一口一口地哄他们吃，患者们都说自己的亲孙女都不见得有她那么仔细照顾人。
遇到一些不听话、不配合治疗的患者，她气急了也会“凶”，生气地跟他们说“再这样我就不管你们了！”可是当真的有事时，她还是狠不下心，说不管的是她，冲在最前面的也是她。
李向蓉每天都充满了正能量，用同事的话说，像“打了鸡血” 一样，像个铁人，什么都打不倒她。
有一天，李向蓉接到了家里打来的电话。挂了电话，她飞快地跑到一个角落，号啕大哭。等她情绪稳定了一点后，同事们才知道，原来她的儿子已经生病好几天了，高烧不退，不吃不喝，家里人怕她担心，没敢告诉她，后来实在是瞒不住，孩子情况越来越不好，家里人也不知道该怎么办了，才给她打的电话。
领导说放她几天假，让她回去看看孩子，她没有拒绝。可到了下午，她又找到领导，说不回去了，“孩子有家里人照顾，这里更需要我！”所幸，几天后，孩子恢复了健康。笑容又回到了李向蓉的脸上。
新冠肺炎疫情下的耐药之战
2019年12月29日，武汉市金银潭医院打响了抗击新冠肺炎病毒的第一枪，随之所有病房清空，举全院之力收治新冠肺炎重症、危重症患者，800余名医务人员进入战疫一线，作为湖北省耐药定点医院、耐药定点培训基地，医院耐药结核病区也在2020年1月21日进入了一场新的战斗。
全市封城，交通不便，门诊有限，就诊困难，有些疾病可以等，但耐药结核病患者等不了。耐药患者一旦停药，就会导致情况更加恶化，治疗方案更加复杂，诱发并发症，进而使整个“耐药之战”功亏一簧，严重时甚至危及生命。
为了让耐药结核病患者不停药，保证疗程，减少新冠肺炎对疾病的影响，金银潭医院耐药病区医生周勇、护士长贾春敏带领咨询员在保证新冠肺炎患者的救治工作的前提下，利用休息时间，提供24小时线上问诊、心理疏导、信息登记、快递药品等志愿服务，累计服务患者350余人，快递药品近100份。
询问、记录、安抚，根据患者需求，医护人员首先登记好患者的姓名、年龄、手机号、收货地址等信息，交由周勇进行完善。随后，贾春敏拿着信息统一去挂号、开处方、缴费、拿药，取出药物后按要求分类消毒打包，再一个个写上名字，之后寄
给患者。
因为封城，出行成了大难题，患者进不来，药品也出不去，为了能让这些沉甸甸的希望送到患者手上，志愿服务队的队员们利用下班时间去联系快递公司。一家不送，再找一家。一处碰壁，再碰~处。
一次，护士谢家强好不容易寄出的快递，由于封城被扣在快递公司，身高不到1米6、刚下夜班的她担心药品丢失，在寒风中骑行7公里，历时一个半小时，终于把药取回，并经过多家辗转，最终寄出了这些药物。
志愿服务队的队员最终也感动了快递师傅，主动来院取药、寄药。
抗击新冠肺炎的战“疫”还未结束，这场耐药之战仍在继续。
一名护士长的抗疫实录
我是武汉市金银潭医院南二病区护士长胡徐娟，从“武汉不明原因肺炎” 2019年12月29日流传以来，至元宵节，整整 41天，我和我的很多战友没有休息。
我们真的很累，但是身处一线，如果不继续奋战，那我们的意义又是什么？
连续在一线作战，持续的高强度高负荷工作让我们医护人员喘不过气，但看着躺在床上的患者那渴望被治好的眼神，我们一次又一次给自己打气，继续站在危险的第一线。
今天的我，回头再看，从那天起，我们其实已经走进了一场全球瞩目的巨大疫情之中。谁也没曾想到25天后的1月23 日武汉封城，紧随着湖北省内13个城市逐步停掉公共交通，进而全国各个城市卷入其中。
从12月底到1月初的那一周里，医院收治类似的患者越来越多，由于病情性质的特殊，重症患者较多，对于医护人员的防护级别和病房的要求越来越高。我们不断地新开病房，由于时间紧，对病房的要求高，一天的时间我们就得把一个普通病房改造成类似ICU模式的重症病房，其间辛苦，难以言表。
没有具体的时间，我们就已经走在了疫情抗战的第一线。
谁也没曾想到，会持续至今，且形势愈演愈烈。
面对不断增加的患者，人员不足开始显现。1月11 EJ ,医院发布通知，即日起取消休息，全员上班，但是在不断转院进来的患者面前，我们开始了连轴转的状态，上完白班跟着上中班，上完中班继续上夜班。
1月的武汉进入到一年最冷的时节，而我们在密不透风的防护服里，衣服从未干过，患者身边各种监护仪器此起彼伏的报警声让我们无暇顾及额头的汗水，当走出病房脱下防护服，全身衣物早已被汗水浸透。
在连续作战的日子里，我们负伤却依旧前行，我们不敢倒下，因为面前还有更多需要我们去救助的人，我们肩上挑着责任，背负着使命，我们要为武汉加油！

金银潭医护人员脱下防护服后，全身衣物早已被汗水浸透

医护人员脸上被勒出深深的印痕。

每一次诳病房前，医护人员都会测重体温和血氧饱和度.然后认真地记录下来
医护人员在病房合影鼓劲一
两伯医护人员在迸病房前相互整理防护报.
这是医护人员繁重工作的一个“小角落

金银潭医院迎来来自祖国四面八方的医疗队的支援。

在疫情愈发严重后，武汉受到了全国的关注，而作为重中之重的武汉金银潭医院，我们得到了四面八方的支援。有本市的、上海的、福建的、吉林的、重庆的。我们的护理团队从十几人变成20多人。这一刻我们看到了国家的力量。
尽管来了多方支援，可是在面对科室30多个患者，近20 个危重患者，经常一个患者就得两个人操作时，我们20来人的护理团队仍然有点力不从心。
由于此次疫情在春节期间，加上后来多方的宣传，疫情也得到了全民的重视，在防护层面来说是好事，然而也为医院带来了一些困扰，比如医院的保洁和保安陆续走了，甚至连食堂的阿姨也走了。

从四面八方，从全国各地，温暖源源不断
吃的、喝的、用的、穿的，凡是能想到的，爰心人士
都想方设法送到金银潭医院医护人员手上。

位叔叔和阿姨留了下来，和我们一起战斗，她们体谅我们的辛苦, 我们也感恩他们的付出。
了保障我们的生活，医院行政的领导们每天在楼下为我们派饭，运送防护物资。我见过党委书记来病房清理垃圾，见过院长会没开完就哭了，见过院办、党办主任每天帮着送物资，见过工会主席每天给患者送饭，我还见到了我的同事们因为压力太大而哭泣
爱，一直都在。此时的我们知道，我们不是独自战斗，全国人民的心和我们在一起。

==Part 11==
金银潭白衣战士群像

乐观、坚强的金银潭医护人员。

这群可爱的白衣天使，远比我们想象的能干，修厕所、修灯管，都不在话下

乐观、坚强的金银潭医护人员。
金银潭抗疫纪事

第五章
并肩战斗
新冠肺炎疫情肆虐，武汉市金银潭医院作为湖北省、武汉市突发公共卫生事件医疗救治定点医院，第一时间冲在最前沿。全体医务人员毫不畏惧，超负荷坚守岗位，迎难而上，逆风而行。
一方有难，八方支援，在疫情防控的严峻形势下，各地医疗队紧急驰援。战“疫”的战场上，他们与金银潭医院的医护人员并肩作战，使得新冠肺炎患者的诊疗质量得到大大提升，挽救了一条条生命。
我们要更加坚定要竭尽所能
位重症医学医师的“武汉六日记”
时时面对夕匕亡，每次都要尽最大努力！从诞生之日起，重症医学就与抢救生命密不可分。作为奉命驰援武汉诸多重症医学医师中的一位，首都医科大学宣武医院重症医学科主任姜利 1月26日清晨抵达武汉后即进入这次疫情的“暴风眼”——武汉市金银潭医院，坚守至今。
连日来，这位从事危重病医学临床工作27年、参与救治危重症患者数千例、在急性呼吸窘迫综合征等方面积累了丰富临床经验的重症医学医师坚守一线，也坚持写下了 “武汉日记”。
第一天1月26日
到达武汉市金银潭医院：一个一个地梳理患者
一夜火车，早晨7:48到达武昌火车站。费了些周折联系到接站人员，到达驻地武汉会议中心，路上几乎没有车辆和行人。安顿好后，和东南大学附属中大医院党委副书记邱海波、首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院副院长童朝晖、北京协和医院重症医学科（ICU ）主任杜斌，以及几位各地来的ICU医生一起到达武汉市金银潭医院。我和杜斌教授今天去的南六病区，是由普通病房改造的ICU病房。部分患者病情危重，还有一些是不稳定的。病区的工作人员来自不同地区、不同医院，专业背景各异，大家认真把管床方式与流程进行了梳理，重新分工，接下来就是一个一个地梳理患者。在穿好防护服进入病区后，人就不能轻易出来，里面的一片纸也不能带出来，和非传染病房的工作方式有很大不同。大半天时间就这样过去了，对要处理的患者也有了初步印象。
第二天1月27日
内外配合逐渐开始默契
病房早交班是7：55O驻地离医院大概十来公里，所以一早赶过去。南方天气阴冷。昨夜有患者去世，心中涌上来的悲伤，让我们更加坚定要竭尽所能。今天开始早晚双查房制，为夜班排除隐患，减少可以避免的抢救。我们管理的9名患者中，5 名重症、3名危重，低氧程度远较普通肺炎严重。ICU医生多花时间在床旁，而金银潭医院的医生帮助完成开医嘱和记病程的工作，内外配合逐渐开始默契。又把整理好的一部分工作流程贴在病区和治疗室的墙上，让大家执行时简单易行。
第三天1月28日
个子不高的男护士：像病房里的一个“稳压器”
依旧是在阴冽的清晨到达医院。今天我们组有两个“大活”，一名肾衰患者要做血液净化，另外一名则要进行最危险的操作一一气管插管。看完患者后，几位医生兵分两路，分别去处理血液净化和气管插管。有了前几次的经验，我们提前把需要的药品事先准备好。不料喉镜又出了问题，在等待新喉镜的过程中，一位个子不高的男护士引起我的注意，他手法娴熟，一个多余的动作都没有，活干得让人看着极其舒服，操作的同时还不停地安慰一旁新来的护士和屋子里焦虑的患者，像病房里的一个“稳压器”。喉镜和负压吸引装置终于来了。管床的小伙子义无反顾地戴上防护头套，像个勇士一样完成了危险的操作，淡然镇静。
午饭时，发现医院宣教中心的老师给我做了个小视频，被学生发到网上。从下午到晚上,涌来了雪片般的问候，家人、朋友、同学、同事，认识的、不认识的……心中暖暖的。
第四天1月29日
作为同行，这时候能做的唯有鼓励
早晨一过去，得知夜间又有一名患者去世，多少有些沮丧。然而，宝贵时间更要留给活着的人。穿防护服时又被告知，防护用品很紧张，进去一次一定要多完成一些工作。但是，ICU 患者的病情瞬息万变，在外面中心台看着像过山车一样的生命体征，恨不得马上到床旁看看究竟发生了什么。然而，现实不允许这么做，只有一遍一遍拿着对讲机，和里面的护士们反复沟通，想办法找到原因并纠正。
下午得到通知，去另外一家医院会诊及看望一名医生，才 40岁，他因为病情加重，又和夫人双双染病，很是焦虑。我们看了他的病历资料和肺部CT,心里不免又一沉。好在视频通话时，他居然可以连续说话，不太费劲。作为同行，这时候能做的唯有鼓励。而作为外科医生，40岁正是干事的年龄，希望这把“手术刀”能够保有锐利。
第五天1月30日
每个人的防护服上都写着名字和“加油”
刚踏进病区门，就被护士长拉住，说有个小护士喘得不行，让我过去看看。脸上还是外科口罩，就麻烦护士长拿了个 N95,我走进护士值班室。1991年出生的小姑娘一边喘一边哭，还在打电话，情绪很激动。我先摸了摸，不烧，心里大概有点数了。算算这姑娘比我女儿只大几岁，能够想象她所承受的压力和恐惧。跟护士长商量后，安排这姑娘休息，查个咽拭子再扫个CT,都是阴性，就踏实了。
因为插管上机的患者多了，进病房前和护士长达成共识，加强气道管理和其他重症常规护理。进病房后，又看到了一些新面孔，每个人的防护服上都写着名字和“加油”，都是各地来支援的ICU护士，日间的工作流程明显顺畅了许多。中午，几个情况不太好的患者都逐渐趋于稳定，连日阴天后太阳出来 T,大家都心情大好。而好事成双的时候就更令人鼓舞。我们拿到了一箱可视喉镜和一次性叶片，使得这项高危操作的时间得以缩短。
临下班前得知，90后姑娘没发烧，肺部CT也没问题。希望姑娘能顺利回家。
第六天1月31日
昨天所有的患者都还在
昨天下午到晚上，一共转进来3名患者，都是一进门就气
管插管和复苏。值班的周医生来自湖北荆门，年纪不小了，很担心这一夜的工作会让他吃不消。他见到我后很“得意”地说，昨天所有的患者都还在，这是几天来的第一次呢。外科出身的周医生活干得漂亮，昨天给一个下肢皮肤切开减压的患者换药，好好地露了一手。查完房出来已近中午。吃完饭走到院外，阳光洒到身上暖洋洋的，很难得。
回来不久，一位老年患者病情突然恶化，冲进去穿衣服时护士告诉我，别穿黄色的，不透气，还帮助我完美地完成防护，心里很是感动，在床旁协助我的医生完成气管插管和深静脉置管，镇静镇痛。出来后看到几位大教授在等我，赶紧和夜班医生做了交接。临走时，护士长给了一件社会捐助的崭新羽绒服，终于可以回去把我的脏衣服洗洗了。
“重症医学的专业使命，决定了我们必将成为此次阻击新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎流行战役中的重症患者生命救治的主力军”，1月29日，中华医学会重症医学分会、中国医师协会重症医学医师分会、中国病理生理学会危重病医学专业委员会共同发布《齐心协力，拯救生命，打赢新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎阻击战——致全国重症医学专业同道倡议书》，作为中国病理生理学会危重病医学专业委员会秘书长，姜利和另外10多位在武汉一线参加救治工作的委员一起，在倡议书中提出“凡为医者, 侠之大者，奉命于病难之间，受任于疫虐之际。国有难，招必归，战必胜”，希望全国奔赴一线的重症医学专业医护人员，要坚决打赢疫情防控的阻击战。
（新华社北京2月2日电记者李斌、侠克、林苗苗）
战“疫”前线的医生心声:
前线保住了，后方才安全
口罩、帽子、防护面罩、鞋套等全副武装，戴上双层手套…… 穿戴完毕，在金银潭医院参与救治的东南大学附属中大医院重症医学科副主任医师潘纯，开始了新一天的工作。
潘纯和援助湖北医疗队的医生们，负责金银潭医院五楼病区重症患者的救治指导等工作。病区有5位患者，每天都需要医护人员帮助翻身。算起来，一天要翻很多次。穿着包裹严密的防护服给患者翻身，医护人员的工作量要比往常大很多。“每次给患者翻身都需要5个医生一起，遇到体重较重的患者，就更费劲了。”潘纯说。
在隔离病房里，常常一待就是三四个小时，每次出来时，汗水都湿透衣背。潘纯说：“还好现在是冬天，如果夏天穿着防护服待这么长时间，人肯定会更难受。”
潘纯1月24日接到要做好驰援武汉准备的消息，他没有半点犹豫。家里人虽然有些担心，但还是给予了支持。“去吧，穿上这身白大褂，这就是你的职责。我们等你平安归来。”父亲对他说。
26日13时38分，潘纯乘坐高铁奔赴抗疫第一线。到达武汉第二天，在经过必要的培训后，立即进入工作状态。
在隔离病房查看患者情况、写医嘱，与同事讨论疑难、复杂患者的救治方案……忙碌了一天，晚上从病区回到住的地方后，工作仍在继续。潘纯还需要通过工作群了解每位患者情况、指导救治。遇到紧急情况，要随时“冲”回患者病床前进行救治。潘纯所在的病区有13位医生、19名护士，和他一样，每个人每天都是“超长待机”工作。
面对的全都是重症患者，经常与感染源“零距离接触”，有没有觉得怕的时候？他说：“没有，从来没有。重症医生是挽救患者生命的最后一道关口，就是要到最危险的地方去。从接到任务的那一刻起，就做好了准备,竭尽全力救治每一位患者。只有战’疫’前线保住了，后方才安全。”
回到住处，有空时，潘纯也会给家人报个平安，但他很少说起前方可能遇到的各种风险。来自7岁儿子的鼓励，总让他觉得动力满满——“爸爸，加油！早点回来！”
（新华社武汉2020年1月31日电记者邱冰清、梁建强）
“等疫情结束后，我娶你”
对1992年出生的朱瑞而言，今年的情人节有了别样意义。
2020年2月14日零点，在金银潭医院值夜班的他突发奇想，用笔在白色的防护服上写上几个大字“邵媚铃：等疫情结束后，我娶你”，旁边还画上了一个爱心。
邵媚铃是朱瑞的女友，两人同为护士，六年前相识。朱瑞说, 今年过年原本打算上女友家中“提亲”，不料被疫情耽搁。
朱瑞的表白，不仅传到了千里之外屏幕的另一端，也触动了网友的泪腺。当晚，他发在朋友圈的图片，在微博上“红” 了。
“海有舟可渡，山有路可行，所爱隔山海，山海皆可平。” 有网友评论。
私人告白突然被“昭告天下”，邵媚铃感动之余，还是提醒他， “把心思更多放在工作上。”
事实上，在武汉的日子并不轻松。这个春节，朱瑞已在福州市第一医院重症医学科值班到了大年初二。当天，组建支援武汉医疗队信息传来，他回家简单收拾了下行李，就随队出发。
如今的他，每天大部分时间在红区（污染区）负责为患者挂瓶抽血检查等，鲜有空闲，“每天确诊的患者还比较多，虽说每天也有患者出院，但还不能掉以轻心。”
在武汉，医务人员的生物钟完全跟着排班走，睡觉时间也不定期，连日的夜班让他有些疲惫。
他说，眼下最大的愿望就是“好好睡上一觉”。
（节选自《“不会期望明天就会好，但相信最终一定是好的”——与三位90后白衣战士的对话》，新华社福州2020年2 月19日电记者孟昭丽、陈弘毅、吴剑锋）
“为了节约防护服同事穿上了纸尿裤”
——湖南支援武汉金银潭医院护士的一线日记
“今天，我看到了用尽全身力气呼吸的感染患者渴望的眼神，这一刻感觉自己能为他们恢复健康献出力量，觉得能来到武汉救治是非常正确的选择 ”这是中南大学湘雅二医院血液净化中心护士李婉贞的一线日记。
近日，在国家卫健委统一调度下，中南大学湘雅二医院一支由5名血液净化护士组成的国家医疗队驰援武汉，5名护士分别是侯亦平、黄艳清、李婉贞、钟晓平、刘亮，她们平均年龄28岁，是医院的中坚力量。
1月27日下午，李婉贞和同事进驻金银潭医院重症监护室支援，她们的主要工作是为患者提供连续性肾脏替代治疗。李婉贞说：“为了节约防护服，我们在穿上防护服之前都要上厕所，并且少喝水，有的同事干脆穿上了成人纸尿裤再穿防护服，这样可以减少浪费。防护服一旦脱下来就不能再用了，少上一次厕所，就能节约一套，所有这一切只有一个目的——减少短缺的防护资源损耗。”
李婉贞在日记中写道：“我们被分配到医院的各科重症监护室，我的工作地点是在一个由病房改成的临时重症监护室，负责护理一些重症患者，能为他们做一些事情，我觉得很有意义。”
湘雅二医院医疗队队长侯亦平说：“驰援武汉是一份责任，我们会全力救治患者，圆满完成任务。”
（新华社长沙2020年1月31日电记者帅才）

==Part 12==
这件白大褂其实很沉
“对于未知疾病的恐惧，人人都会有，医护人员脱下白大褂也是普通人。但是，一旦穿上白大褂，真的会感到一种使命感。这件白大褂其实很沉、很有分量。”刚从救治新型冠状病毒感染者一线返回的武汉大学人民医院护士朱庭萱说。
1月7日，正在休息的朱庭萱接到通知，医院要选派人员前往武汉市金银潭医院，支援新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎患者的定点收治工作。
接到通知后，朱庭萱给家里打了电话。
“如果我不去，就需要派别的同事去，他们家里可能有更多的困难。这个任务既然分配给了我，我就应该接受它。父母从小到大都很支持我，这次也不例外。”朱庭萱说。
“妈妈说过，可能我天生就是要从事医学这一行的。”朱庭萱回忆说。小时候，别的女孩子大多喜欢玩娃娃，而朱庭萱最喜欢拿根牙签给别人“打针”。填写高考志愿时，她选择的所有专业都与医学有关。
简单收拾些洗漱用品和换洗衣物，朱庭萱与同事当天下午就赶到金银潭医院报到，第二天开始参加科室值班。
在朱庭萱眼里，在金银潭医院的这段时间和在其他医院里差不多，护士工作都是“三班倒”：打针换药、护理患者、监测生命体征……毕业后到武汉大学人民医院，朱庭萱主动报名担任机动护士，医院里哪个科室需要就赶到哪里。因此，这种火线增援的任务对她来说并不陌生。
在抗击新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情战斗中，护士们在进入隔离病房时需要穿上防护服。“我很幸运自己不是容易出汗的体质。有的同事下班脱掉防护服，里面的护士服整个都被汗水湿透了。”朱庭萱说。
和朱庭萱一起前往金银潭医院增援的杨宇成则没有那么幸运。他说，工作中需要戴上两层手套和两层鞋套，防护面罩上的雾气也常常令他的视线变得模糊。
“刚开始出汗特别多，甚至有一些缺氧的感觉。最困难的是打针，戴上手套后，对患者血管的触感不是很好，而护理工作要求所有操作都必须精确。”杨宇成说。
“除了换药，还要照顾患者的生活起居，帮重症患者大小便。有的患者心里不舒服也会喊，碰到这种情况我们要耐心跟他们解释，开导他们，给他们打气。”杨宇成说。
令朱庭萱最难忘的是同事间的相互鼓励。“在那里工作的同事很多都跟我一样是’90后’。由于穿上防护服后只能看到眼睛，可能连对方的长相都不知道。但大家在换班的时候，都会互相说一声加油。”她说。
25日，武汉大学人民医院派出的新一批增援人员启程出发，朱庭萱、杨宇成被接替回来观察、休整。谈到对这一段难得的轻松时间如何安排，朱庭萱简单利落地回答了四个字“看剧、躺着”。
对于是否会重返抗击疫情前线，朱庭萱和杨宇成给出了一样的答案。
“妈妈告诉我，我在一线的这段时间，父亲经常晚上睡不着觉。但是如果需要，我一定会重返岗位。既然选择了这个职业, 我有责任去帮助那些患者，分担同事们的压力，这是我的价值所在。”杨宇成说。
“如果我不去，别人就要去，在这份责任面前必须有担当。大家对医生护士一定要有信心，我们不会放弃你们。同时，大家也要好好地做好防护措施。”朱庭萱说。
还有很多支援湖北医疗队在武汉市金银潭医院发生的感人故事，未能一一展开，在这里同样向你们致以最崇高的敬意。
（新华社武汉2020年1月26日电记者王作葵、乐文婉、方亚东）

那些发出的感谢信
一方有难，八方支援。自2020年1月24日除夕之夜起，全国各地医务人员紧急驰援，与金银潭人一起手拉手、心连心，并肩作战、攻坚克难，使新冠肺炎疫情得到有效遏制，患者的诊疗质量得到大大提升。
金银潭医院发出的一•封封感谢信，是感谢和感恩，是问候和致敬，体现的是武汉人民、湖北人民、全国人民勸力同心，众志成城抗击疫情的强大中国力量和中国精神。
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金银潭抗疫纪事

第六章
金银潭医院之外
当金银潭医院内发生着一连串惊心动魄、感人至深的故事时，医院围墙之外，武汉2100多个社区，数以万计的基层社区工作人员和3.8万名警务人员同样在为守护人民群众的生命安全而战。
在历史上，人们从未比现在更关注社区；也从来没有哪座城市，比武汉管控社区的力度还要大。
抗击疫情有两个阵地，一个是医院救死扶伤阵地，一个是社区防控阵地。社区胜则武汉胜，武汉胜则湖北胜，湖北胜则全国胜。

2020年1月23 S,武汉封城首日，乘客搭乘最后一班地铁。（第六章图片除有特殊说明外均为新华社记者冯国栋拍摄）
社区工作的重中之重：
确保900万居家市民生活
地处中国版图天元位置的武汉，是中国乃至世界上都少有的特大城市。常住人口超过1000万，流动人口超过300万，总人口数近1500万。

2020年1月29日，大年初五，武汉的街上几乎看不到车辆。
武汉封城时临近春节，除约500万人流出武汉外，全市约有900万人口留守江城。
留守人口的稳定与生活保障成了武汉能否取得抗疫斗争胜利的重要一环。
在武汉还没有对居民小区进行封闭管理时，我们探访了地处武汉市青山区钢都花园123社区服务中心。
这里是原武汉钢铁公司职工最集中居住的小区之一。
我们到达时，社区工作人员正在分配民政部门刚刚发放的青菜、水果和食品等生活物资。
123社区成立于2001年，位于武汉市青山区二环外，离武汉市中心有一定距离。由于住户多为同单位的职工，这个社区与外界沟通并不像市中心社区那样频繁、密切。
连日来，123社区加大了各小区发热患者的排查力度和对外来人员的进出管控。小区现有门栋132栋，住户1916户，常住人口 6312人，春节期间留在社区的有4226人，占常住人口 2/3。其余1/3住户在武汉“封城”前就已外出，多是走亲访友。
社区书记赵旭玲介绍，疫情发生后，社区主要在信息发布、生活保障和分级筛查三方面釆取了措施：
一是信息渠道要24小时畅通。社区工作人员主要通过电话、微信和“微邻里”软件发布权威信息。“微邻里”是武汉市打造的一个便民服务平台。“像我们武汉市发的《致市民群众一封信》和《青山区发给居民的公开信》，还有抗击疫情的相关通告，全部都通过’微邻里’来发布。疫情发生后，平台还新增了发热患者信息上报等功能。对于不常用智能手机的独

疫情期间的社区药店。

疫情期间的社区超市。

2020年2月1日上午，武汉市青山区钢都花园123社区“天天敲门组”为居民提供服务。

居、空巢老人，社区通过大喇叭确保重要信息通知到位。”赵旭玲说。
今年49岁的赵旭玲告诉我们，她的母亲在孝感老家，从春节前一直病危（与新冠肺炎无关），她却由于武汉“封城”和忙碌的工作根本无法回家探望。“母亲去世，我都没法回家。社区的事情太多，400。多人的生命和安危都必须盯着。”赵旭玲几度哽咽。
我们了解到，和她工作强度类似的基层工作人员并不在少数。基层工作中女同志较多，她们不得不抛下家务事，不分白昼黑夜保障社区运转。一天打100个电话是常态。
二是确保生活保障。1月23日武汉实施“封城”后，公共交通停摆、大小餐饮店春节放假，这给社区百姓的生活和出

2020年2月1日上午，武汉市青山区钢都花园123社区服务中心内的抗疫救灾物资。

行带来诸多不便。这时，青山区打造的民生食堂“社区好味到食堂”发挥了很大的作用，保障了特殊时期社区居民的日常饮食需求。
我们来到食堂探访时，食堂员工正在准备午饭。
一位厨师说，食堂每天能保证至少2—3个菜品，每天服务的困难群体有100个人，对于行动不方便的独居、空巢老人等，社区还通过“天天敲门组”工作人员，为他们送服务。一袋米、一盒药、一碗热饭・••…只要群众提出的合理要求，社区工作人员立马响应，为困难群众提供物质上和精神上的定心丸。
同时，社区还配备了 3辆应急交通车，满足居民出行需求。尹志鸿是“曹操出行”的专车司机，根据社区统一安排，他每天工作8小时，穿着防护服，义务开车送社区群众外出买药，或到医院就诊。
三是实施分级筛查。123社区对发烧居民实施分级筛查。社区居民出现发热情况后，第一时间上报给网格员。网格员先是建立一人一档，再联系社区卫生服务中心进行筛查。如果病情轻微，则指导发热居民在家服药；确实需要到医院门诊看病的，再建议他们去看病。
“疫情来得凶猛，有些居民特别恐慌。加上秋冬季节感冒确实也比较多。刚开始’封城’时，我们每天忙于接居民打来的电话。后来，社区卫生服务中心给发烧的患者开了药，吃了之后，烧降下来了。接到的电话就少了。”社区书记赵旭玲说。

2020年2月1日上午拍摄的武汉市青山区“123社区”的社区好味到食堂

2020年2月1日上午，司机尹志鸿为社区提供交通出行服务。

谈到抗击疫情的感悟，赵旭玲说：“基层的社区干部，对居民是一个安慰，一颗定心丸。做好群众工作就是我的一切, 我已融入社区工作的方方面面。沟通到位，保障到位，可以在很大程度上避免恐慌。”
社区书记：我恨不得变成孙悟空
防控疫情，社区是关键。
新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，武汉的每一个社区工作者，都奋战在抗疫一线。
董守芝是江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区书记，这个社区距离华南海鲜市场不足两公里，居民有16000多人，防控难度可想

武汉疫情热力图，红色部分为发热患者聚集区。

2020年2月17日下午，武汉市江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区对人员进行排查。

而知。
从1月23日开始，她就夜以继日地投身工作，开通社区之音、开展拉网式大排查、对社区进行封闭式管理……董守芝裝京, 每天能接100多个电话，恨不得变成孙悟空，多分几个身出来, 为自己做事。
以下是董守芝的讲述：
我是西桥社区书记，从1993年开始，就从事社区工作。
目前，我所在的西桥社区有两大特点：人多、老旧小区多，管理难度非常大。社区常住人口有16000多，7351户居民，社区里有11个老旧小区，442栋平房区，有物业管理的小区只有 6个。
社区的工作人员有25名。疫情发生以来，我们一直在防控一线。面对小区的各种状况，我和同事们也会感觉压力很大。
后来，来了 59个区机关干部，他们下沉到一线，帮我们解决了很多难题，分摊了许多压力。小区封闭之后，他们也派人到路口值守。
1月23日封城之后，我就一直没有休息，投入到疫情防控一线工作当中。疫情发生以来，我们社区主要采取了三个措施——
第一，开通社区之音，滚动播报各类通告和提示。我们把省市发布的公告和疫情提示，在广播里循环播放；第二，开展拉网式大排查，通过网络上报和电话的方式，及时发现发热患者，准确上报；第三，进行封闭式管理，原来的37个路口，现在只剩17个开着，每个路口都有志愿者值守。刚开始，很多居民不理解，感觉出入不便，但我们还是尽最大努力向大家解释，让他们理解。

西桥社区党群服务中心
了解到社区内有500户特困人员，包括生病的患者、隔离人员、老人和一些困难户。我和同事们上门送药、送粮油、送菜、送关爱。每天，我和同事们平均要给一百多户居民送菜、送药，保障居民的日常生活物资。
前段时间，从社区旁边的酒店打来一通求助电话。
原来，这是住在酒店的一家三口，他们是红安县人，是年前到武汉儿童医院给孩子看病的。
1月23日封城，他们就回不去了，一直在酒店隔离，现在已经弹尽粮绝了，连给孩子买奶粉的钱都没有。
接到消息，我和同事们就在社区拿了一些防护用品，包括本就不够用的口罩，还有方便面等食物送到酒店，还帮他们申报了 3000元的救济金，心想起码孩子买奶粉的钱是有了。
疫情发生之后，我每天都得接100多个电话，手机24小时开机，就怕漏接一个电话。从年前开始，每天19个小时都在工作，真正休息的时间只有五六个小时。
现在恨不得自己变成孙悟空，一根汗毛就能变一个分身，这样就能有精力去做更多的事情了。
社区工作压力很大，最近几天，我接到同事打来的电话，她在电话那头哭得很厉害。我年纪比他们大点，遇到这种情况我会安慰他们，然后大家再一起继续投入战斗。
现在，我有个心愿，就是希望疫情赶紧过去。等疫情过去之后，我就找个有山的地方大睡三天三夜，好好休息一下。
拉网式大排查
“请大家按登记表全面排查。住址、姓名、联系电话要登记好。情况特殊的要备注清楚。” 2月17日下午，我们再次来到唐家墩街西桥社区时，董守芝和20多位社区工作人员正在开会布置任务。
当天，一场为期3天的拉网式大排查在武汉3300多个社区、村湾同步展开。
“有人在家吗？ ”在西桥社区三眼桥一村小区，网格员易君与社区派出所民警熊松，以及下沉到社区的3名特警对一处出租房进行排查。房东说，春节前几天，里面的租客一直咳嗽， “这几天没听到动静，担心他出事。”
开门的是位小伙子。易君先用无接触式体温仪测量了他的体温，确认没有发烧，随后又详细询问了他的健康状况。民警核验了租客的身份，叮嘱他待在屋内不要出门。临走时，易君登记了租客的电话，“遇到问题请跟我联系。”
西桥社区是“万人社区”，因距离最先发现疫情的华南海鲜市场不到两公里，疫情较重。
董守芝说，春节至今，社区深入宣传“发热不上报”的危害, 广泛发动居民通过电话或微信平台，主动上报发热情况。
“这次拉网式大排查，目标是确保不漏一户、不漏一人。重点排查与新冠肺炎相关的所有人员，还包括危重在家的基础病患者，比如尿毒症透析患者、恶性肿瘤、其他疾病重症患者，以及孕产妇。”董守芝说。
武汉市要求本次排查要做到五个“百分百”：确诊患者百分百应收尽收、疑似患者百分百核酸检测、发热患者百分百进行检测、密切接触者百分百隔离、小区村庄百分百实行24小时封闭管理。
“董主任，我在电视上看到你了，你现在怎么痩得这么狠哪？我年纪大了，不能给你帮忙，我一点力都出不了。我老伴说我，这么大岁数了，待在家里不给社区添乱，就是给董主任帮忙了。你要保重身体啊！”
一通来自90多岁的叶婆婆的电话，让董守芝倍感暖心。新

2020年2月17日，武汉市江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区民警正在展开排查。当天, 一场为期3天的拉网式大排查在武汉3300多个社区、村湾同步展开。

2020年2月17日下午，武汉市江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区网格员易君（中）社区人员和派出所民警熊松（左一）对出租房进行排查。

冠肺炎疫情发生以来，董守芝一直奋战在社区防控一线。从年前开始，董守芝和同事们就开始在社区清楼道、清屋顶、清死角，做大扫除，用消毒液在整个社区开展消杀。
社区是疫情防控的第一道防线。疫情蔓延后，西桥社区里，社区群干与街道相关部门、物业公司、志愿者、网格党支部成员、社区卫生服务中心等通力协作，各方力量拧成一股绳，确保服务不断档。
给董守芝底气和信心的，还有来自家人的关爱。董守芝的老伴身体不好，但总是力所能及地帮她做点事。只要她一到家，老伴总会叮咛她加强营养、注意休息，又给她冲热水袋，暖手暖脚。
“自己年龄大了，又患有高血压，儿子儿媳不想让我太操劳。他们很担心我，一再叮嘱我要照顾好自己。”董守芝说，每天看看3个月大的孙子的照片，是一种特别的慰藉。
没有一个冬天不可逾越，没有一个春天不会到来。
说起疫情结束后社区的优先事项，董守芝不假思索：“安排好值班，让同志们都休息一下，让他们养好元气再来投入工作。“
2月22日清晨6点，年过六旬的董守芝已出门，步子又快又急。
一个多月来，身为武汉市江汉区唐家墩街西桥社区书记的她，没睡过一个安稳觉。
疫情中，中老年人是高危人群，但董守芝像年轻人一样，楼道消杀、入户排查、上门送菜，样样抢着干。
“从1993年开始，我就在这个社区工作了，对每家每户、一草一木都很有感情，这个时候，绝不能退缩。”董守芝说。
西桥社区地处老城区，城中村密集。除11个老旧小区、3 个自助物业小区外，还有422栋平房，65岁以上居民占八成，不少居民不会上网“团购”。实行封闭式管理后，这些居民的生活所需全靠社区配送。
24名社区干部，加上50多名市、区下沉干部和党员志愿者，承担着16000多人的柴米油盐和日常管控，任务繁重。
2月21日，她联系到一批蔬菜送到小区。
运菜车刚停稳，她就带领大家，一口气将满满4卡车蔬菜运进社区，3小时没歇气。送菜司机钦佩地竖起大拇指：“西桥的女将，真厉害！”
“小周，你把这些药先拿去，给你妈妈用，社区里的药回
来后，再给你们送些去。” 2月22日下午2点，董守芝拿着倍他乐克、波立维、可定等降压药，打电话给无线电厂小区居民周汉胜。
董守芝说，周汉胜的母亲患有高血压，家中储备的降压药吃完了。防疫管控措施升级后，这类药只能由社区统一到定点医疗机构领取。
“上午，赶去取药的社区干部打电话回来说，前面还有80 多个社区在排队，不知道要等多久才能领到。”深知此类药物不能停，她便从自己每天服用的降压药里，匀了一些出来，给周汉胜家“救急”。
在董守芝看来，为群众办事，不仅要办成，更要办好，“这个时候，我们社区干部再难也要顶上去！”
新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，武汉社区干部一直奋战在防控一线，倾情服务站好岗，用“身心投入”的方式，书写着社区抗疫的“答卷”。
这是一场没有硝烟的战争，也是一个争分夺秒的“考场”，需要筑牢基层堡垒，守好社区这个“第一防线”。

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Liu Tingting: /* Huangdi Neijing */

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Liu Tingting: /* = = Answers = = */

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Liu Tingting: /* = = Questions = = */

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Liu Tingting: /* = = Terms and Expressions = = */

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Liu Tingting: /* = = References = = */

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Liu Tingting: /* = = The Interpretation of Dreams = = */

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Liu Tingting: /* = = Huangdi Neijing = = */

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Liu Tingting: /* The book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams */

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Liu Tingting: /* Introduction */

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Liu Tingting: /* = = The Book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams = = */

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Liu Tingting: /* = = Introduction = = */

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Liu Tingting: /* = = 关键词 = = */

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Liu Tingting: /* = = 摘要 = = */

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Liu Tingting: /* = = 题目 = = */

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Liu Tingting: /* = = Key Words = = */

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Liu Tingting: /* 202270081644 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting 英语笔译(English translation) */

Lingnan Englisch 5

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Liu Tingting: /* 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu */

== Part 29 ==

====白婷 Bai Ting====

白山村

就像每种不同的花在不同的季节开放一样，城镇的中心区域都带着这个地方成长的年代痕迹，彰显着它曾发展的最高程度以及衰败的过程。现在，你所到达的是公平镇，可谓大名鼎鼎——“千年公平古墟，粤东山区第一墟”。这个位于海丰县东北部的城镇，曾是交通要道和贸易中心。早在唐朝，这里就成为山海货物集散、商贾云集之地。这里的墟市以交易公道而著称，故而得名“公平”。在那个时候，镇里已形成每种商品均到其划定名称的街市进行交易的传统——譬如茶街、鱼街、布街、糖街、牛市、猪市、青果行、山货行等。商业的繁荣让这个镇自古便兴文重教，民风淳朴，民俗文化丰富多彩。已故民俗学泰斗钟敬文先生，就出生在这里。你在曾在县城的超市里购买过赫赫有名的“公平牛肉脯”——吃起来唇齿留香，韧劲十足，很有嚼头。这种牛肉脯的制法是祖传的：选用鲜牛肉，加上天然香料和白糖、大蒜、胡椒、汾酒等制作而成。

====蔡思 Cai Si====

你一直忘不了那条道路——从县城通往公平镇的那条柏油路——像是一条绿色的隧道。因为岭南的阳光强烈而顽固，令道路旁的次生灌木林闪烁着深绿与焦黄夹杂的色调。这种粘稠的色调更像是某种矿物的色调，而非是植物的色调。也许，热带不是一个以味道为基础打造出来的世界，而是一个以颜色为基础铸造起来的世界。在这个炽烈的地方，各种绚丽的颜色充满魅惑之力，令人类的瞳孔大张到极致都看不完，看不透，看不全。是的！你总是禁不住感慨——自然在热带的岭南并没有被完全征服，反而彰显着独属于它的尊严。现在，你所目睹到的这条道路像是被施了魔法，搁浅在时间的河床中——没有水泥房，没有广告牌，没有霓虹灯——完全属于异次元空间。

====陈婧 Chen Jing====

进入镇区，喧嚣扑面而来。街道两边的建筑物因岁月而显得黯淡，墙体上还吊挂着雨痕。然而，当那些鳞次栉比的巨幅服装广告，和一座座厂房与洋楼交替出现后，让你在热浪滚滚中体会
到了久违的熟稔——在东莞的各个镇区，充斥着这种工业化的味道。显然，公平镇此刻的模样，是由悠久的历史和当下的经济联合塑造而成的。现在，在这个区域面积100多平方公里的小镇上，拥有100多家各类服装企业，还有与服装配套的辅料、拉链、制线、包装等企业20多家，算得上粤东地区最大的服装专业镇。这里的服装以广州为营销中心，销往全国各地，还通过边贸销售到俄罗斯、东南亚、中东等地，外单产品占比很大。然而最终，公平镇的服装产业因各种原因，没能像东莞市的虎门镇那样，成为全世界瞩目的“服装之都”。

====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====

就像你数次到达联安镇一样，这个镇，你也来过几次。你曾到这个镇，为拜访周凤的故居。作为彭湃的母亲，周凤的一生充满传奇色彩。她出生在公平镇下辖小村的普通农家，从小就深谙穷人之艰辛，所以当她生下彭湃后，总是教育儿子不要看不起农民，在孩子幼小的心田上播种下一颗善良的种子。周凤故居已无人居住，仅存一栋外墙发黑的平房。推开大门，内里是个窄小的庭院，在正屋的两侧，缀着两间耳房。三间屋子内都空空荡荡，只有正屋的墙上挂着周凤的画像——那个穿着黑棉袄的老奶奶，正慈祥地微笑着。那间屋子并没有展示出你预期的戏剧性——当主人已离开后，它只是一个空壳。屋子周围环绕着竹林和榕树，十分安静。从远处传来几声狗吠，显得格外响亮。这是岭南最普通的一个小村。谁能想到，从这里嫁出去的那个女子，会养育出那样的一个儿子；而那个儿子，曾以一把烈火烧掉田契，以惊世骇俗的姿态被写进人类发展史。

====陈思阳 Chen Siyang====

穿过镇中心，你来到了白山村。一股清新怡人的气息铺面而来——四周铺展着大片大片的田野，彰显着浓烈的黄绿色。由于地处边远，交通不便，生产方式迥异，乡村世界构筑起了一个完整而封闭的农业族群。村里人的生活与城里人完全不同——他们一直保留着一种古老的传统，维持着一种神秘的平衡。据白山村扶贫队长、第一书记陈路波介绍：白山村有近3000人，共489户，而其中，因先天残疾、后天患病、没有劳动能力等各类原因，致使88户被核定为贫困户，共313人。在这里的扶贫工作队队员，来自深圳龙岗区坪地街道办事处、龙岗区安监局。当扶贫干部来到村里后，先是走进贫困户的家中，和人们促膝谈心，摸清他们致贫的原因，再进行精准扶贫、结对帮扶。

When you go through the center of town and come to the Baishan village. A fresh and pleasant smell came to your face--spread out around the vast expanse of fields which showed a strong yellow-green color. Because of its remote location, inconvenient transportation and different modes of production, the rural world has built up a complete and closed agricultural ethnic group. Life in the village is quite different from that in the city-they have always retained an ancient tradition, maintaining a mysterious balance. According to Chen Lubo, leader and first secretary of Baishan Village Poverty Alleviation Team: Baishan Village has nearly 3000 people, a total of 489 households, among which 88 households have been verified as poor households, a total of 313 people due to congenital disability, acquired illness, lack of labor capacity and other reasons. Members of the poverty alleviation team here come from Shenzhen Longgang District Pingdi Sub-district Office and Longgang District Work Safety Supervision Bureau. When poverty alleviation cadres come to the village, they first walk into the homes of poor households, talk with people, find out the causes of their poverty, and then carry out precise poverty alleviation and help them in pairs.

====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====

扶贫干部将所有无劳动能力的贫困户人口纳入社会保障，全部实现政策性保障兜底脱贫；而对那些有劳动能力的贫困户，则激发起他们的内在动力，鼓励他们发挥革命老区艰苦奋斗的精神，通过种地、打工或其他方式努力脱贫，不能万事都倚靠政府。

Poverty alleviation officials have included all the poor households with no ability to work in the social security system, and all of them achieved poverty alleviation with policy-based guarantees. For those poor households who are able to work, it will stimulate their inner motivation and encourage them to use the spirit of hard work in old revolutionary base areas to lift themselves out of poverty through farming, part-time jobs, or other ways, rather than just relying on the government.

陈路波书记介绍说，在工作队到来之前，白山村的很多村民都是用瓦缸盛水的，而现在，每一户村民的家里都通上了自来水。你才了解，原来不仅在白山村，甚至整个海丰县城，自然村集中供水覆盖率已达到99.66%, 其中，37个省定贫困村内20户以上的所有自然村18个已实现集中供水覆盖；同时，县里还对卫生站的建设也十分重视。海丰县除了7个空壳村无需建设卫生站外，其余196个村的卫生站中，完成建设并投入使用的有73间，全面完成建设的有114间，完成主体建设的有9间。

Secretary Chen Lubo said that before the work team arrived, many villagers in Baishan Village used tile tanks to hold water; but now, every villager's home is connected to tap water. We could just realize that not only in Baishan Village but even the whole city of Haifeng County, the centralized water supply coverage rate of natural villages has also reached 99.66%, among which, 18 of all natural villages with more than 20 households in 37 provincial designated poor villages have realized centralized water supply coverage. At the same time, the county also attaches great importance to the construction of health stations. In addition to the 7 empty villages in Haifeng County, among the remaining 196 villages, 73 health stations have been completed and put into use, 114 have been fully completed, and 9 have completed main construction.

====丁粤 Ding Yue====

事实上，能喝到纯净的水和能及时就医，对村民是非常重要的。根据2008年世界卫生组织和联合国儿童基金会的数据，约13%的世界人口缺乏改进的水源（通常指自来水和水井），而约1/4的人口没有可用的安全饮用水，其中有很多都是穷人。专家们一致认为，家用自来水和卫生设施会给健康带来很大影响，它可以让婴儿的死亡率大大降低，且能使同期死亡率总体减少近一半。虽然改善水资源是一个非常日常的问题，但也是启动了长期社会变革的一次机会——当人们可以健康地生活时，便会大大减少坠入“疾病陷阱”的可能性，籍此而启动一种良性循环。

====付静 Fu Jing====

村里有条名叫“大浦洋”的村道，原本是条坑坑洼洼的泥土路，而现在，已被修整成一条平坦的水泥路。陈路波书记说，经过村道硬底化建设工程后，村民们再也不用担心下雨时会弄脏鞋袜。现在，你看到了白山村公共服务中心——精准扶贫基建项目——那是一栋姜黄色的三层小楼，有着棕红色屋顶。这栋楼房也已成为村里的标志性建筑。站在服务中心门前，只见一条条柏油路辐射开来，向着村子的各处延伸而去。以前，村里的夜晚是漆黑漆黑的，而现在，当一排排路灯竖立起来后，整个夜晚都变得亮堂起来。当路灯照耀着服务中心对面的篮球场时，那个空间显得格外阔气——湖蓝色的地面配上紫色的篮球架，衬托出白色篮板的秀美。白天时，来这里打球的年轻人很多；而在篮球场旁的那些运动器械上，总能看到老人家们在忙着转动腰肢。以前,村民们喜欢在晚饭后打麻将或喝酒，而现在，人们都忙着锻炼身体。

There is a country road called "Dapuyang" in the village, which was originally a bumpy dirt road, but now it has been improved into a smooth concrete road. Secretary Chen Lubo said that after the construction project of hard-bottomed roads, villagers would no longer have to worry about dirty shoes and socks in rainy days. Now, in front of you is the Public Service Center of Baishan Village as well as the Targeted Poverty Alleviation Infrastructure Project, which is a ginger three-story building with a brown-red roof. The building has also become a landmark in the village. In front of the service center, a series of asphalt roads radiate away, extending to all parts of the village. The village was dark at night before, but now, when rows of street lamps have been erected, the village becomes bright at night. When the street lights shine on the basketball court opposite to the service center, the space looks particularly wide-the aqua blue floor with purple basketball stands setting off the beauty of white rebounds. During the day, many young people come here to play basketball; On the sports equipment beside the basketball court, you can always see old people busy turning their waists. In the past, villagers liked to play mahjong or drink wine after dinner, but now people are busy exercising.

====高燕 Gao Yan====

张淑尔的家也是一栋独立的新砖房。站在门口的她，正在向你挥手。虽然你只是个偶尔到访的客人，但她却依旧热情四溢。35岁的她有着一张银盘大脸，眉毛浓黑，睫毛翻翘。除了遮住鼻孔、嘴唇和下巴的口罩外，她的面部看着十分标致动人。她的体型微胖，在黑色T恤衫外套了件粉红色毛衣开衫，下身穿着条牛仔裤。她的屋子是新建的，所以外墙的瓷砖显得格外簇新。进入屋内，你大吃一惊，像是进入到一个英国贵族家庭——纯白色的欧式家具，姜黄色的丝绸窗帘，大彩电和大冰箱，开放式厨房，整洁的卫生间……显然，这个家的主人更青睐西式家俬，更强调现代品位，和此前所见的大部分家庭都不一样。她有三个孩子，分别是6岁、8岁和10岁，在读小学一年级、三年级和四年级。那个摆在鞋柜上的头盔，便是母亲骑摩托车去接孩子上下学时用的。

Zhang Shuer's home is also an independent new brick house. Standing at the door, she is waving to you Although you are only an occasional guest, you are still warmly welcome. The 35-year-old has a big face, thick black eyebrows and curled eyelashes. although the mask covered her nostrils, lips and chin, her face still looked beautiful She was a little chubby, wearing a pink cardigan over a black T-shirt and jeans. Her house was new, so the tiles on the outside looked fresh. As entering the house, you were surprised, like entering a United Kingdom aristocratic family-pure white European furniture, ginger silk curtains, big color TV and big refrigerator, open kitchen, clean bathroom. Obviously, the owner of this home prefers Western furniture and modern taste, which is different from most families we have seen before. She has three children, with the ages of 6, 8 and 10, in first, third and fourth grades of primary school respectively. The helmet on the shoe ark, is used by the mother when she rode a motorcycle to pick up the children to and from school.

====关娜 Guan Na====

当年，她从隔壁村嫁到白山村后，和丈夫相亲相爱，日子过得欣欣向荣。丈夫郑建生常年在外地打工，家里的事全靠女主人打理——那两亩地虽然每年只能收入2000元，可她却舍不得荒掉；再加上照顾孩子们的日常生活和学习，她每天都忙得团团转。丈夫会裁剪，原来在镇上的服装厂打工，每月可挣个3000多元。但是，这几年服装行业整体衰落，他便到广州去打工。虽然工资比原来多了点，但回家的次数却越来越少——有时半年回来一次，有时只能春节时回来一次。

====郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====

谁能想到，一场突如其来的巨变陡然降临到这个家。2015年，正在炒菜的女主人被泄露的煤气所伤，不得不住院治疗。大火将她烧得简直面目全非——双手完全变形，手背上布满大小深坑，整个面部全然发焦。在住院的一个多月时间里，她做了面部、手部和大腿的植皮手术。之后，她的手掌因萎缩而变小，表皮发白，指缝间粘连，活动起来很不自由；她的下巴处变得皱巴巴，像火山熔岩的碎片拼贴起来。如果她没有戴口罩，那么她的脸便由鼻梁处开始分界——上半部让人看着欣喜，下半部让人看着惊骇。所以，如果要出门或者见客，她总会把口罩戴上。

====侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====

那场突如其来的事故让这个家庭耗费了30多万元——因为有些进口药不能报销，所以有7成的医药费是自己付的。听说她发生的不幸之事，很多朋友通过微信里的朋友圈为她募捐，令她大
为感动。现在，当她说起这些往事时，眉眼间带着微笑，语调相当轻松。她有一双非常迷人的眼睛，闪着宝石般的晶光，令你不得不聚精会神地聆听下去。当她试图要强调某个地方时，会在那里稍微停顿一下。然而，她却并没有让自己陷入哽咽境地。没有。她很快便从悲伤的叙述中解脱了出来。

The sudden accident cost the family more than 300,000 yuan -- 70 percent of which they had to pay for themselves, as some imported medicines were not reimbursed. Heard that she has unfortunate things, a lot of friends through the wechat helped her to fundraising and she deeply moved. Now, when she talks about these memories, she would smile and talks in a relaxed tone. She has a pair of charming eyes, shining like jewels which enabling you to listen intently to her . When she tries to emphasize something, she would pauses but not to choke her up. She soon extricated herself from the sad narrative.

====胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi ====

得病后，张淑尔不仅被肉身的疼痛所侵袭，精神上也遭遇了巨大打击——眼瞅着三个孩子都要上学，可生活费怎么办？正当她陷入愁苦之地时，一项政策令她欣喜无比——通过对贫困户的助学补助，每个上小学的孩子每年能获得3000元生活补助。她掰着指头算了算：有了这一年9000元的补助，便能解决孩子们的吃饭、穿衣、买学习用品等问题，实在是雪中送炭。事实上，助学补助可以让家长们摆脱极度贫困的状态，拓宽他们的思想空间，让他们拥有更长远的人生观——教育必须现在就投入。培养下一代，让他们身心健康且受过良好的教育，无论是从短期还是长期的角度看，都非常有助于消除贫穷。童年时期在营养上的少量投入，对孩子在以后的成长会产生很大影响。现在，当这位母亲能为孩子购买牛奶、鸡蛋、肉类及蔬菜时，她便能让孩子在童年时就吸收到充足营养，这样不仅会减少他们患病的概率，且能拥有健康的体魄。当这些孩子长大成年后，能够挣到更多的钱，能够带动这个家庭走出“贫穷陷阱”，防止贫穷的代际传播。一项针对美国南部及几个拉丁美洲国家抗疟活动的研究表明，与患过疟疾的儿童相比，未患过疟疾的儿童长大后每年的收入要多50%。

After the illness, Zhang Shuer was not only attacked by physical pain， but also suffered a great blow mentally--seeing that all three children had to go to school, what about the cost of living? When she was in a land of sorrow, she was overjoyed by a policy that through student aid to poor families, each child who went to primary school could receive a living allowance of 3000 yuan a year. She calculated that with a subsidy of 9000 yuan this year, she would be able to solve the children's problems of eating, dressing, and buying school supplies. In fact, student subsidies can lift parents out of extreme poverty, broaden their thinking space and give them a longer-term outlook on life-education must be invested now. Nurturing the next generation so that they are physically and mentally healthy and well educated, both in the short term and in the long term, is very helpful in eradicating poverty. A small amount of investment in nutrition in childhood will have a great impact on children's growth in the future. Now, when the mother can buy milk, eggs, meat, and vegetables for her child, she can let her child absorb adequate nutrients in childhood, which will not only reduce their risk of illness, but also have a healthy body. When these children grow up, they will be able to earn more money, which can lead the family out of the "poverty trap" and prevent the intergenerational spread of poverty. A study of anti-malaria activities in the southern United States and several Latin American countries shows that children who do not have malaria earn 50% more a year when they grow up than those who have.

====任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====

除了助学补助外，张淑尔还有残疾补助——每月300多元；她家还申请了低保——每月1000多元。有了这些补助托底，加上地里的收入和丈夫的打工收入，这个家已经像加了油的发动机，开始轰隆隆地转了起来。这栋新房子是2018年盖起来的，花费的20多万中有一半的钱是借来的，而国家补助的4万元简直是雪中送炭。“老房子是瓦房，总是滴滴答答地漏水，里面又暗又潮。”现在，张淑尔每天骑摩托车接送孩子们去上学。当她的手抓住车把时，总显得颤颤巍巍。可是，她是母亲啊！一咬牙，她浑身都充满了地母般的力量，就那样把摩托车开了出去！现在，当她做任何一件事时，都需要付出比一般人多几倍的努力才能达到。然而，她却不愿等、靠、要，而愿意努力地去干活。当她拿出手机展示孩子们的照片时，眼神璀璨得像黑丝绒上的宝石。经历了那样一场大劫难，可在她的身上，一点都没有看破红尘、茫然若失、怨恨诅咒，反而充满了诚挚和热情。现在，她以无比的耐心和耐力，平静地接受着命运给予她的不公。不，她并不想把生活变成嚎啕的哭墙，而想把它变成旋转的舞台。

Apart from education subsidies, Zhang Shu’er has been offered disability subsidies with 300-plus yuan per month; She also applied for the subsistence allowances with more than 1000 yuan every month. Thanks to these subsidies, together with farmland gains and her husband’s income as a laborer, the family got to rumble just like a fueling engineer. The new house built in 2018, cost over 200,000 yuan, half of which was borrowed from someone else.Under such a situation, the national grants of 40,000 yuan are literally timely assistance. In the past, she lived in a tile-roofed house which was always dripping by a pitapat. It was dark and damp inside. But now, Zhang Shu’er picks up her children for school by motorbike every day. She always seemingly trembles as she grabs the handlebar. Yet, she is a mother! On gritting her teeth, she is full of strength all over her body so that makes the motorbike move forward. Now, no matter what things she does, she needs to pay several times more efforts to achieve it than ordinary people. However, she is unwilling to wait, depend on others, and get something from others , but willing to work hard. When she pulled out her phone to show pictures of her children, her eyes shone like jewels on the black velvet. Despite such a great disaster experience, in her body, we did not find any trace of seeing through the emptiness of the material world, losing herself in a reverie, resentment and curse, but full of sincere and enthusiasm. Now, with great patience and endurance, she calmly accepted the injustice that fate had given her. No, she didn't want life to be a wailing wall, but a spinning stage.

====黄舒威 Huang Shuwei====

当你来到这栋簇新的砖房门前时，根本不能相信这是贫困户的家。这栋屋子的外墙上嵌着瓷砖，敦实地扎在地面上，显得簇新至极。48岁的张炳辉是这栋屋子的男主人。这是个身量适中的男子，皮肤黝黑，脸庞秀气，目光沉静。虽然他的前额上已有了些皱纹，且发际线很高，但看起来他还是很年轻，皮肤既没有粗糙松弛，也没有严重下垂——这应和他长期从事体力劳动有关。若单看他的服饰，你会觉得他和你目光所及的别人没什么差别——黑白相间的T恤外是黑夹克衫，下身是黑长裤，然而，他却赤脚穿着双拖鞋。十年前，你刚到岭南时，看到有人在冬日赤脚穿拖鞋总感觉浑身不自在，而现在，你早已适应与习惯了岭南人的这种装束。

====姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====

显然，他是个有条有理的人，因为他的家收拾得实在是利落至极——不止是砖房外镶嵌着瓷砖，在客厅的内部也铺了地砖，而木质的沙发和茶几擦拭得干干净净，厨房里的锅碗瓢盆，摆放得整整齐齐。在屋外的篱笆里，他还养了四五只鸡，各个毛发艳丽，气宇轩昂。站在门口朝外看去，侧旁的那栋破旧泥土屋便显得格外扎眼——那屋子又矮又黑，简直像一触即碎、岌岌可危。而那栋屋子，就是他曾经的老屋。你知道海丰毗邻南海，经常会遭到超强台风的袭击。若长久地居住在这样的老房中，是非常危险的事情——暴雨狂泻会引发内涝，让堤坝决口；河水会淹没农田，也会冲倒农舍。而热带的暴雨和西北的毛毛雨完全不同——那雨根本不是一条条线垂直落下，而是一堆堆钢珠一股脑泼洒而下。这样的雨不会因为云团的离开而停止，因为这里已凝聚了太多的湿气，需咆哮许久才能释放完。粗暴的台风会将行人吹走，树木吹倒，屋宇吹塌。

====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====

张炳辉实在想盖栋新房子，这念头在他脑海里存在了不止一两年，可他总是困于手上现钱太少而放弃。2018年，趁着国家有危房改造的补助，他咬着牙建起了这栋新房。总投资20多万的费用里，除自己的多年积蓄外，他还问亲友们借了点钱，再加上国家补助的4万元，最终将这栋簇新屋宇建造起来。对农民而言，盖起一栋房子不仅仅是立起了一栋四方形建筑物，而且还塑造了一个有形的家——新房子不仅看起来赏心悦目，还是一种自信和实力的表现。现在，这家人住在这栋整洁的屋子里——客厅里摆着电视和冰箱，厨房里有自来水，卫生间可淋浴——和城市的楼房并无二般。住进这样的房子后，人们会自觉地保持屋子的整洁，而且还提升了自信心。有自来水的厨房和可以淋浴的卫生间，让农民的生活更加卫生，减少了疾病产生的可能性。孩子们若在这样的居住环境中长大，便能拥有更好的生活。

====李鸿 Li Hong====

张炳辉说起话来时，语调沉稳而缓慢。他有三个孩子——大女儿已中专毕业，二女儿还在读大学，而小儿子在读中专。现在，他正处于人到中年的尴尬阶段——孩子们都未能独立，而他和老婆的身体又一天天在走下坡路。家里的两大开支明晃晃地摆在那里——除了日常的生活费，还有孩子们的学费。而他和妻子辛苦一年的收入，在交付完这些费用后，也便所剩无几。显然，令整个家致贫的原因并非男主人不聪明、不勤奋、不努力。他感慨道：“现在种地实在不容易！人口多，耕地少，又缺水！”1984年，村里进行联产承包责任制时，他家只分得了4亩多地。后来，家里的人越来越多，兄弟们便只好再次分地。最终，他只分得了一亩多地，而且水田少，旱地多。因为缺水，以前一年可种两季稻，现在只能种一季。他和妻子在地里忙碌一年，收入甚微，但若彻底放弃，又总觉不甘心——地是农民的根本之所在；离了地，好像人没有了灵魂。然而，种地的收入又入不敷出，故而地变成了鸡肋，食之无味，弃之可惜。

====李佳珺 Li Jiajun====

在地里再怎么捯饬，都不可能折腾出更多的钱来，可家里的开销却一样都减不了。为补贴家用，他便到镇上的服装厂去打工。他干的是车工，工资以计件来计算——活多的时候，他一个月能挣上个两三千，而但活少的时候，就一分也没得挣。老婆除了料理家务和照顾孩子外，还利用空闲去厂里做杂工，干些剪线头之类的活计，能挣一点是一点。在服装厂已打了20多年的工，他完全算得上是个熟练工。如果公平镇的服装产业能一直延续上世纪80年代的红火，他家的日子也不会一下子落入窘境。这几年，服装市场整体不景气，外单订货量大幅减少，这些和国内原材料成本上涨，劳动力成本优势减弱等都有关系。没有订单，工厂就不开工；工厂不开工，工人就没钱赚。现在，失业后的张炳辉处境尴尬——这个时候想转行，实在是困难！应该学点什么呢？让他把在服装厂学到的技能忘得一干二净，再去学别的技能，并不是一件容易的事；可是，若让他去建筑工地之类的地方干活，他已不再年轻，无法和别人拼体力。如今，这对夫妻即便胼手抵足地忙碌，日子还是紧巴巴。

No matter what he did on the farmland, he could not be able to earn more money. However, the household expense couldn’t be cut down neither. In order to make more money, he went to work at the clothing factory in the town. He was a lathe worker, and his salary was calculated on a piecework basis. In the peak season, he could make two or three thousand yuan per month, while in the slack season he could make no money. In addition to taking care of the household chores and the children, the wife also had to do the part-time job in the factory as a handyman, doing some work such as trimming thread ends, to earn as much as she could. Working in the clothing factory for more than 20 years, he was totally qualified as a skilled worker. If the clothing industry in Gongping Town could continue its prosperity in the 1980s, his family would never fall into this predicament. In recent years, the whole clothing market is in the low season, and the order quantity had slumped. All of these were related to the increase of domestic raw material prices and the decrease of labor cost advantage, etc. Without orders, the factories wouldn’t open, thus, the workers wouldn’t make any money. Now, unemployed, Zhang Binghui is in an awkward situation —— it is so hard to switch to another job! What should he learn? It’s not easy for him to forget all the skills he learnt from the clothing factory and learn other new working skills. However, if you ask him to work at the construction site, he was no younger anymore and can’t compete with others on strength. Although the couple work really hard, they are still struggling for life.

====李可依 Li Keyi====

然而，办法总比困难多！2016年之后，原本陷入忧郁的张炳辉，一下子变得开朗起来：“种地！种地！种地！”原来，在国家的扶贫政策中，有一项是“以奖代补”——贫困户无论是种地或打工，在年底都会按比例进行奖励。开始，他在心里还有些犯嘀咕——真的会奖励吗？扶贫工作队给贫困户免费发放袁隆平培育的杂交水稻品种，且发动贫困户连片种植超级水稻，。在种植前，扶贫工作队还对贫困户进行专门的技术培训。2017年，当张炳辉领到4000元的补助后，心里暖洋洋的，浑身舒坦！自己的地自己种，种了后收成是自己的，国家还能补助这么多钱，这是多么好的事！于是，他和妻子商量着来年要多种一点地，妻子忙不迭地点头同意。到2018年年底时，他领到了7000元的补助。对这个家来说，这些补助真是春风化雨，来到正是时候。此刻，是这对夫妻最为艰难的时段——若再熬几年，孩子们毕业后都工作了，他家的日子便会真正地好起来。

====李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====

陈路波书记说：“村里有不少像张炳辉这样积极就业的贫困户。从2016年到2019年，村里发放的“以奖代补”奖金有100多万元，这对贫困户来说是实实在在的帮助。”他还说：“针对白山村村集体经济较为薄弱的状况，龙岗区财政注资200万元，入股建设海龙投资大厦项目，以确保村集体每年不低于10万元的分红；此外，还将66户有劳动能力的贫困户组织起来，每户投资2万元，入股海丰县的红色旅游项目，每户每年可分红1400元；又投入20万元，委托镇政府统筹公平镇的产业扶贫项目，每年不低于8%的收益分红。”为了推动传统农业由粗放型向集约型转变，扶贫工作队还帮助村里成立了合作社，筹集资金购买了一台耙田机、一台挖掘机，并将村民生产的优质农产品销往深圳等地，让村民增加收入。

Secretary Chen Lubo said: "There are many poverty-stricken households who are actively employed like Zhang Binghui in the village. From 2016 to 2019, the village has paid more than 1 million yuan in the" reward for compensation "bonus, which is a real help to the poverty-stricken households." He also said: "In view of the weak collective economy of Baishan Village, the financial department of Longgang District has invested 2 million yuan in the construction of Hailong Investment Building Project to ensure that the village collective receives no less than 100,000 yuan of dividends annually. In addition, 66 poor households with labor ability have been organized, with 20,000 yuan invested by each household in the Red Tourism Project of Haifeng County, and each household can receive 1,400 yuan of dividends annually. Another investment of 200,000 yuan entrusted the town government to coordinate the town's industrial poverty alleviation projects, no less than 8% of the annual profit will be distributed. " In order to promote the transformation of traditional agriculture from extensive to intensive, the poverty relief team also helped the village establish cooperatives, raised funds to buy a harrow machine and a excavator, and sold high-quality agricultural products produced by the villagers to Shenzhen and other places, so that the villagers can increase their income.

====李心田 Li Xintian====

长日将尽，暮色四合。离开白山村后，车子又驶出了公平镇。乡村小道旁的低矮山峦，渐渐地隐退到车窗后面，只剩下一道道蓝紫色的轮廓。你的眼前消失了平缓的田野，也消失窄窄的乡道、戴草帽的农人、亮着灯的屋舍。当你离开这些景色时，好像离开了一片古老的大地。你突然意识到，你那样喜欢乡村生活，原因是因为你长久地居住在城市中。事实上，出现在你眼里的乡村，是和城市进行比对后的乡村，而这种景致在农民眼里，会呈现出另一种意义。对农民来说。乡村不仅代表家园、家族和根系，还代表缓慢、滞重和禁锢。为了能获得丰收，他们便不得不适应各种约束，所以，他们比你更了解孤寂与单调的滋味。

====李彦 Li Yan====

在穿过了一片又一片的幽黑地带后，前方出现了密集的灯光——县城到了！夜幕下的海丰城像个大集市，到处都闪烁着霓虹灯，涌动着喧嚣的车流，拥挤着熙攘的人群。忙碌了一天，人们在大排档喝碗麻鱼粥后再归家。虽然已是12月底，但习习的夜风却显得格外舒爽。你思忖——城市代表着人类文明最复杂、最精纯的面貌。在如此之小的面积上，却集中了如此之多的人口，令城市像一个热烘烘的大熔炉。城市如此广袤，任何人都可在这里过上隐姓埋名的生活，而不为邻居所知。对城市人来说，每个人都是单独的个体，都局限在自己的家庭和职业中，而不与周围的环境发生密切联系。

====李梓玉 Li Ziyu====

与此相反，每一个村庄都貌似一个单独的小宇宙，但生活其中的人们却紧密地相互勾连着。人们在乡村的生活虽然缓慢，但古老的传统并没有完全解体，依旧存在着强大的影响。在乡村，人们彼此看着长大，知根知底。任何一个陌生人的到来，都会被村民即刻辨认出来。春耕、夏耘、秋收、冬藏——村庄的时间谱系和城市完全不同。村庄的时间要聆听天空和泥土的讯息，而城市的时间，却被路灯和空调所掌握。村庄里的万事万物——农舍、庄稼、祠堂和各种礼仪，都经过了许多世纪的演化，已达到了某种完美而和谐的境地；而城市还像个少年，处于正在发育的阶段。村庄的表面看起来像一个迷宫，但内部却有着清晰的规则，就像那些铺展在大地上的农田，虽然每一片的结构都各不相同，但许多块田地拼凑在一起，却能形成一件完美的百纳衣。

== Part 30 ==

====梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====

大化村

赤坑镇位于县城的东南部，此镇名字的由来源于大革命时期，这里是赤卫队活动的中心。为纪念赤卫队对人民的赤胆忠心，故而将这里定名为“赤坑镇”。你要到达的大化村，是汕尾供电局对口扶贫的一个村。你发现乡间小路上车辆甚少，而在每一条小路之后都有另一条小路等待着，这些路看上去并没什么差别。窗外的景色是岭南的隆冬，却更像西北的初秋。树木好像在奔跑，而草丛在阳光的炙烤下，呈现出一片黄红色。每隔一段时间，就会有一座村庄豁然出现，展示出一幅岭南乡村水墨画——低矮的农舍，小块的农田，蜿蜒的河流，戴草帽的农人。

====廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====

你终于来到了大化村。驻村队长、第一书记张立业是个身量适中、五官分明的中年男子，鼻梁上架着眼镜，脸上浮现着温和的笑容。原本，他是名供电局的干部，如今，却被村民们亲切地称为“草帽书记”。当你跟着他行走在村子内部时，看到这里田野舒朗，树木苍翠，巷道干净，广场开阔，一排排路灯像士兵般伫立。张书记笑着说：“村里以前可不是这个模样。”据他介绍，大化村是广东省的省定贫困村，不仅位置偏远，且基础设施落后。扶贫工作队先后筹集资金95万元，不仅修建了交通水利等基础设施，解决了河溪沟渠淤积堵塞、臭不可闻、时常泛滥的问题，还完成了村内雨污分流的问题，又对村前人行道进行了改造，并对村外立面进行了粉刷，拆除了老旧电线杆，改造了62盏路灯，安装了太阳能路灯22枚，这才让整个村庄的面貌焕然一新。工作队还协助发动乡绅乡贤捐款，筹集资金近140万，完成了中山文化广场的建设。

====刘丛领 Liu Congling====

大化村共有700多户，其中的103户为贫困户，而有劳动能力的贫困户有71户。从2016年至2019年，扶贫工作队为村里筹集各项资金约750万元，大大推动了村里的经济发展。三年内，扶贫工作队共申请政府危房改造补助资金120多万元，完成危房改造40户；2018年获得大病救助贫困户人员34人，获得医保报销资金100多万。截至2018年，贫困户人均可支配收入达9500多元，基本解决了“两不愁三保障”及饮水安全问题。到2019年年底，所有的贫困户已全部脱贫。
以前的大化村不仅经济力量薄弱，且产业结构单一——蔬菜种植和家禽养殖处于零星状态，而水稻农田则抛荒很多，基本没什么像样的产业。现在，村里的经济呈现出“百花齐放、满园争妍”的状态。扶贫工作队因地制宜打造“一村一品”，促成了海丰勤致合作社、智慧农场、礼扬腐竹生产基地投资、袁隆平水稻等40多个项目的诞生。自2016年以来，扶贫工作队先后为贫困户购买袁隆平杂交水稻种子，共免费发放稻种2000多斤；通过与专业农业公司达成协议，为农户提供技术指导培训，拓宽村民“稳粮增收”的渠道；引导村民种植甜瓜、番茄等经济作物，协助农户饲养、销售特色产品，譬如走地鸡、散养黑猪等，激发农户的内生动力。
Of the 700 households in Dahua village, 103 are poverty-stricken families and 71 are able to work. From 2016 to 2019, the poverty alleviation team raised about 7.5 million yuan in various funds for the village, which greatly promoted the village's economic development. Within three years, the task force applied for more than 1.2 million yuan of government subsidies to renovate 40 dilapidated houses.
In 2018, 34 people from poor households received assistance for serious diseases, and more than 1 million yuan was reimbursed by medical insurance. By 2018, the per capita disposable income of poor households had reached more than 9,500 yuan, which basically ensure that rural poor people have no worry about food and clothing and have access to compulsory education, basic medical services, and safe housing. and drinking water safety. By the end of 2019, all poor households had been lifted out of poverty. In the past, Dahua Village was not only economically weak, but only had a single industrial structure -- vegetable farming and poultry farming were sporadic, rice fields were abandoned and there were few decent industries. Now, the economy of the village is in full bloom. The poverty alleviation team has built "one village, one product" according to local conditions, which has contributed to the birth of more than 40 projects such as Haifeng Qin Zhi Cooperative, Smart Farm, Liyang Fu Bamboo Production Base investment, and Yuan Longping Rice. Since 2016, the poverty alleviation task force has purchased Yuan Longping hybrid rice seeds for poor households and distributed over 2,000 jin of rice seeds free of charge. Through agreements with specialized agricultural companies to provide technical guidance and training for farmers, the task force managed to broaden the channels for villagers to "stabilize grain and increase income" and guide villagers to plant cash crops such as melon and tomato, and assist farmers to raise and sell local products, such as free-range chicken and free-range black swines, so as to stimulate farmers' inner motivation.

Correction:Of the 700 households in Dahua village, 103 were poverty-stricken families, and only 71 poverty-stricken families were able to work. From 2016 to 2019, the poverty alleviation team raised about 7.5 million yuan in various funds for the village, which greatly promoted the village's economic development. Within three years, the task force applied for more than 1.2 million yuan of government subsidies to renovate 40 dilapidated houses. In 2018, 34 people from poor households received assistance for serious diseases, and more than 1 million yuan was reimbursed by medical insurance. By 2018, the per capita disposable income of poor households reached more than 9,500 yuan, which basically ensured that rural poor people had no worry about food and clothing and had access to compulsory education, basic medical services, and safe housing and drinking water safety. By the end of 2019, all poor households had been lifted out of poverty. In the past, Dahua Village not only was economically weak, but also had a single industrial structure -- vegetable farming and poultry farming were sporadic, rice fields were abandoned and there were few decent industries. Now, the economy of the village is in full bloom. The poverty alleviation team has built “one village, one product” according to local conditions, which has contributed to the birth of more than 40 projects such as Haifeng Qinzhi Cooperative, Smart Farm, Liyang Dried Beancurd Sticks Production Base investment, and Yuan Longping Rice. Since 2016, the poverty alleviation task force has purchased Yuan Longping hybrid rice seeds for poor households and distributed over 2,000 jin of rice seeds free of charge. Through agreements with specialized agricultural companies to provide technical guidance and training for farmers, the task force broadens the channels for villagers to "stabilize grain and increase income" and guides villagers to plant cash crops such as melon and tomato, and assists farmers to raise and sell local products, such as free-range chicken and free-range black swine, so as to stimulate farmers' inner motivation.

====刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====

在主干道旁岔出了条沙石小路，路旁挺立着一棵硕大的榕树，树干繁密遒劲，树叶浑圆招摇。树旁的那栋姜黄色小楼，看着十分簇新，为乡野景致增添了几分现代气息。那熠熠闪光的牌匾——“海丰县勤致种养专业合作社”——是2019年11月挂起来的。看到“合作社”三字，你变得兴致盎然。这个词你并不陌生——早在上世纪80年代，你就已经知道了它。现在，它又回来了！曾经的合作社是农民的一条阳光大道；如今，它的内涵已发生了变化——它不再是旧事物，而成为新模式。过去的合作社是计划经济体制下的集体经济，如今的合作社，是社会主义市场经济体制下的个体经济。现在，合作社像连心桥而不是独木桥，把一盘散沙的农民们组织起来，让大家抱团取暖，协作发展，而不是等、靠、要。
A sandy path branches off the main road, where there is a huge banyan tree with a thick trunk and beautiful round leaves. The small ginger house near the tree seems newly renovated, which adds a touch of modernity to the rural landscape. The glittering plaque -- “Haifeng County Qinzhi Professional Breeding Cooperative” -- is put up in November 2019. When seeing the word “Cooperative”, you become interested in it. It’s a word you’re familiar with -- you already knew it back in the 1980s. Now, it’s back! The cooperatives were once a sunny avenue for farmers; now its meaning has changed -- it is no longer the old thing, it is the new model. In the past, cooperatives were collective economies under the planned economy system, while cooperatives in today are individual economies under the socialist market economy system. Now, cooperatives are like a connecting bridge of hearts instead of a single-log bridge. They organize farmers in disarray together, so that the farmers can help each other and actively cooperate for development instead of just waiting for, relying on or demanding other’s help.
A sandy path branches off the main road, where there is a huge banyan tree with a thick trunk and beautiful round leaves. The small ginger house near the tree seems newly renovated, which adds a touch of modernity to the rural landscape. That glittering plaque -- “Haifeng County Qinzhi Professional Breeding Cooperative” -- was put up in November 2019. When seeing the word “Cooperative”, you become interested in it. It’s a word you’re familiar with -- you already knew it back in the 1980s. Now, it’s back! The cooperatives were once a sunny avenue for farmers; now its connotation has changed -- it is no longer the old thing, it is the new model. In the past, cooperatives were collective economies under the planned economy system, while in today they are individual economies under the socialist market economy system. Now, cooperatives are like a connecting bridge of hearts instead of a single-log bridge. They organize farmers in disarray together, so that the farmers can help each other and actively cooperate for development instead of just waiting for, relying on or demanding other’s help.

====刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====

事实上，这个农业合作社是海丰县708个合作社中的一个。原来，海丰县一直在大力推进现代农业的发展。县里非常重视产业园区建设——县里将发展重点聚焦在优质稻、蔬菜、水果、茶叶、畜禽、水产养殖这六大生产基地，投入资金22804万元打造海丰蔬菜省级现代农业产业园，建成了智慧农业云平台、蔬菜雾化栽培科技园、蔬菜植物工厂等科技含量较高的现代农业设施，促使现代蔬菜生产体系、经营体系逐步完善；海丰县还投入1400万元，推进“一村一品、一镇一业”的发展——组织各镇（场）积极申报镇级特色农业产业，抓好招商引资，优化发展环境，通过龙头企业带动，结合当地优势，形成特色产业带和优势带，着力打造好海丰蔬菜、黄羌金针菜、联安有机米、公平花生、坑口芋头等一批特色品牌；海丰县注重培育发展新型农业经营主体——累计培育了1265家农业龙头企业、农
民专业合作社、家庭农场等新型农业经营主体，其中农业龙头企业71个，农民专业合作社708个，家庭农场486个。

As a matter of fact, it is one of 708 cooperatives in Haifeng County. It turns out that it has been making great efforts to develop modern agriculture. The County values the construction of industrial parks mostly—it put the key of development on six production bases of high-quality rice, vegetables, fruits, tea-leaves, livestock and poultry and aquaculture, invested 228.04 billion yuan in Haifeng modern agricultural and industrial park of vegetables in provincial level, and equipped with some modern agricultural facilities, such as smart agricultural cloud platform, science and technology park of vegetable atomization planting, and vegetable plant factory, which prompted modern vegetable production and operation system to be developed gradually. Besides, Haifeng County also put 14 million yuan on the development of “a village with a featured brand and a town with a specialty industry”—organized each town to declare project of featured agriculture and industry in town level with positiveness, seized every chance to attract investments and optimized business environment. Through the drive of leading enterprises and the combination with local advantages, a characteristic industrial belt and an advantageous belt could be formed, aiming to build featured brands of Haifeng vegetables, Huang Qiang day lily, Lian An organic rice, Gong ping peanuts, and Keng Tou sweet potatoes. It also laid emphasis on nurturing and developing new types of agricultural businesses—a total of 1,265 leading enterprises in agriculture, specialized farmer’s cooperatives and home farms had been nurtured, including 71 leading enterprises in agriculture, 708 specialized farmer’s cooperatives and 486 home farms.

====刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====

推开合作社的大门，一个现代化的展示大厅赫然出现。你在这里看到了村民们种植的各种土特产：水稻、番薯、鸡蛋、腐竹、蜂蜜、线辣椒、走地鸡、狮头鹅等。事实上，农业生产充满了风险——只要某种产品出现过一次滞销，那么，农民一整年的辛苦就会全部白废。如何让农产品既能卖出去，又能卖出个好价钱？扶贫干部们给出的解决方案是——合作社将农户种植的绿色有机农产品进行收购后，再通过加工和包装，在网上销售，省去中间流通环节，让优质的农产品从田间地头直达消费者餐桌，让农民从“丰产不丰收”的魔圈中跳脱出来。

====覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====

你看到合作社门前田地模样很特别——每一块都用田埂分隔成长方形，且竖着大大的牌子。你凑近一看，上面写着“勤致智慧农业A区7号地”，而地里长着叶子油绿的生菜和卷心菜。原来，在这15亩的“智慧农业”项目中，种的都是消费者预定的蔬菜。你想起十多年前，“开心农场”的游戏风靡网络，成为那一代人的记忆。为了体验丰收带来的喜悦，不少玩家还起早贪黑，为菜园浇水、施肥、捉虫，甚至去偷菜。可惜，那种行为只能停留在虚拟世界。2019年11月11日，“智慧农业项目”在大化村正式启动——这是扶贫工作队与阿拉丁智慧创新实验室联合开发的交互平台，最终的目的是实现互联、控制和增收。城里人每月花一两百元就能拥有一块属于自己的菜地，既能让孩子学到农业知识，还能让家人吃上放心的绿色食品!据张立业书记介绍——平台通过集成传感器技术和无线控制技术，彻底实现了“实地实景”“可视可控”等创新效果。线上用户的播种、种菜、收获等全过程都能与线下商家的实际农田劳作相对应，让都市人能瞬间穿越到田园。用户通过手机可远程为农田浇水、施肥、除草、收割，并通过摄像头实时查看果蔬的生长情况。这种做法，还让农民避免了种好的菜没人买的风险，从农业从传统的种植模式中解放出来，让贫困户实现真正的脱贫致富。

The fields in front of the cooperative are very special - each one is separated by a ridge into a rectangle and a large sign is erected in it. Taking a close look you could see it says “Qinzhi Smart Agriculture A Zone No. 7”, and leafy green lettuce and cabbage are growing in the field. It turns out that all the vegetables in this 15-acres fields of “smart agriculture” project are planted with consumers’ orders. It recalls you that, more than a decade ago the game “Happy Farm” took the internet by storm and became a memory for that generation. In order to experience the joy of harvest, many players get up early and stay up late to water, fertilize and catch insects for the garden, they even steal vegetables from others. Unfortunately, that behavior can only stay in the virtual world. On November 11, 2019, “Smart Agriculture Project” was officially launched in Dahua Village - an interactive platform jointly developed by the Poverty Alleviation Task Force and the Aladdin Smart Innovation Lab, with the ultimate goal of interconnection, control and income generation. People living in city spend about a hundred yuan a month to have a piece of their own vegetable plot, not only to let children learn agricultural knowledge, but also to let the family eat safe and green food! According to Secretary Zhang Liye - through the integration of sensor technology and wireless control technology, the platform thoroughly realized the “field realistic” “visual control” and other innovative effects. The whole process of sowing, planting and harvesting for online users can correspond to the actual farming work of offline businesses, making the people living in city feel like being in the field personally. Users can remotely water, fertilize, weed, harvest and view the growth of fruits and vegetables in real time through the phone. This practice also allow farmers to avoid the risk of having no one to but the vegetables. It frees them from traditional farming model and allows poor households to achieve true poverty alleviation and prosperity.

====刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing ====

在那间普通的平房正门上，贴着“吉星高照”——这是孙贤在的家。虽然内里的空间不算大，但墙壁却刷得相当洁白。当上午10点的阳光从小窗投射进来后，整个房间璀璨而明亮。你注意到这间屋子和你在岭南乡村所见的屋子差不多，但就是那墙白得有些异常——好像昨天才刚刚粉刷过。然而，那石灰粉却并不均匀，有的地方深，有的浅。这屋子可谓“麻雀虽小五脏俱全”——客厅里摆放着木质沙发、木质高低床，而木桌上放着电视和电饭煲，墙上则挂着老式日历，房梁上挂着吊扇；卫生间虽然面积很小，但安装有洗手池和淋浴器；厨房的煤气灶上，是一口大锅。除了窗户稍显小之外，这间屋子和城里的楼房大同小异，没什么差别。

====鲁思 Lu Si ====

男主人看起来比实际年龄要年轻得多——虽然皮肤黧黑，但眼睑的轮廓却格外清晰，暗黑的瞳眸里闪闪发亮，嘴唇厚实而有弧度。他梳着三七开的分头，穿着件白色长袖衬衫和黑长裤。虽然在额头、眼角和脸颊处有些许皱纹，但整个面部刮得干干净净。最让你难忘的便是他的眼眸——那是典型的广东人之模样——深深地凹陷下去。虽然你在新疆时见惯了维吾尔族和哈萨克族的模样，但这个男人和这些少数民族的模样又有不同。等他开始讲述时，你听到了一股浓浓的粤味普通话。
原本，他应和村里人过着相似的生活——侍弄那几亩地，到了年底，将水稻和番薯卖出后可收入6000元左右。然而，这种生活模式却发生了意外。1987年，孙贤在结婚了，但他却没有发现老婆是个脑膜炎患者。虽然她看起来身量不高，但却是好手好脚的模样。婚后，做丈夫的才大吃一惊——妻子不仅经常头晕、头疼、发热、恶心，且还呕吐现象。到医院一检查，发现她早已患有脑膜炎。疾病让这个家的日子蒙上了一层雾霾——妻子既没有劳动能力，也无法干家务，故而里里外外的事都要丈夫一肩挑；而且，妻子长年看病吃药，还要支出一大笔费用。

The male owner looks younger, and although his skin is dark, his eyelids are well defined, his eyes sparkle, and his lips are thick and curved.His hair was parted in threes and sevens, and he wore a white long-sleeved shirt and black pants. Although there were some wrinkles on his forehead, eyes and cheeks, his entire face was clean. The most impressive thing was his eyes, which were typical of Cantonese people, with dimensional features.Although you are used to seeing Uighur and Kazakh looks when you were in Xinjiang, this man looks different again from these minorities. By the time he starts talking, you hear a strong whiff of Cantonese Mandarin.

Originally, he was supposed to live a similar life as the people in the village - farming, and at the end of the year, he could earn about 6,000 yuan after selling the rice and sweet potatoes. However, this life pattern took an unexpected turn. in 1987, Sun Xianzai got married, but he did not find out that his wife was a meningitis patient. Although she did not look high, but all intact. After the marriage, the husband was surprised - his wife not only often dizziness, headache, fever, nausea, and also vomiting phenomenon.When she went to the hospital, it was found that she had been suffering from meningitis for a long time. The illness made the family's life even more difficult - the wife was unable to work, nor could she do housework, so her husband had to do everything; moreover, she had to spend a lot of money on medication for years.

====陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====

在2016年时，当扶贫工作队在进行贫困户的调查时，发现老孙家的问题很大。男主人已不再年轻，无法胜任高强度的重体力劳动；妻子常年有病，无劳动能力；三个子女虽然都20多岁了，但情况不容乐观——儿子干的是不锈钢加工的活，每月能有3000收入；大女儿和小女儿干的都是销售，每月有2200元的收入。这些工作都是临时性的，所以他们的收入很不稳定。故而，孙贤在的家被核定为贫困户。在广东生活了十余年后，你知道做固定工作和打散工有很大区别——打散工的人，总要为找下一份工作而发愁。他们在生活中要精打细算才能活下去，很难存住钱；与固定工人相比，散工的工作日很少。在印度古吉拉特邦的一项调查发现——散工平均每年工作254天，而上班族为354天；同时，1/3的底层散工只工作137天。
针对他家的情况，扶贫干部们设计了特别的帮扶计划——鼓励子女们尽量能干一份稳定的工作，不仅能维持自己的生存，还能补贴点家用；老孙的年龄偏大，不适合干地里的活，但可以搞养殖。“饲养走地鸡是个不错的活，既不用耗费太大体力，又能有相当收入！”可老孙畏手畏脚：“卖不出去怎么办？”干部们给他打气：“你只管养，我们来帮你卖！”于是，老孙安下心来，搞起了走地鸡的养殖。果然，等200多只鸡养成后，干部们帮他联系销售，一只鸡能卖到100元，一年便能收入2万多元！三年下来，干部们已帮他销售了将近700只鸡呢！

====马明宇 Ma Mingyu====

除了卖鸡的收入外，因父亲和子女们都在工作，故而他家在2017年时获得“以奖代补”的奖励5000元，2018年时有8000元；再加上村里扶贫项目的分红1000元，县红色旅游项目的分红1400元，老孙积腋成裘，很快就甩掉了穷帽子。他的心里一直揣着个小梦想——将旧房子翻新一下。而现在，说干就干！现在，你看到的房子不仅墙壁雪白，不仅客厅和卧室铺了瓷砖，连卫生间的四壁都嵌上了瓷砖，而这些全部工程，才花费了1.3万元！看到你大吃一惊的模样，他指着墙壁说：“那些都是我自己买涂料自己刷的！”顿了顿，他补充道：“暗房子里住的都是发愁的人！”
陡然间，你被这句话给击中了——虽然这是一句相当普通的话，但却蕴含着岭南人所特有的机敏与幽默。他一定要粉刷房子，哪怕不专业，也要让墙白起来，因为，他不想发愁！显然，这栋簇新的屋子带给他的，是一种强烈的成就感！所以，当他在描述自己的生活时，态度显得那样积极。饲养走地鸡启动了一个良性循环，而在那最初的时刻，鼓励他不要害怕付出的声音显得尤为重要。

====彭琦 Peng Qi ====

礼扬腐竹厂是扶贫工作队引进广东礼扬农业科技公司的精准扶贫项目，采用“公司+村集体+农户”的新模式。截止2019年年底，汕尾供电局已累计拨付捐赠资金90万元用于该产业项目，而大化村委会已通过“保底分红”的方式参股，2018年年底收入首批分红15万元。这个厂于2018年年初正式投运，随即还举办了大豆机械化种植技术暨农业产业项目现场会。现在，腐竹厂年均产量10万余斤，提供公益性岗位约30个（主要给留守家庭妇女和贫困户，每年可收入2万多元）；同时还带动了村民们的黄豆种植、黑猪养殖等产业——有20余户贫困户每年种植黄豆60余亩；村民可将黄豆卖给腐竹厂，还可到厂里来上班，又可利用豆渣养鸡养猪；当厂里的分红汇入村集体账户后，又增强了村子的“造血能力”！

The Lai Yang beancurd factory is a targeted poverty alleviation project introduced by the poverty alleviation task force from Guangdong Lai Yang Agricultural Technology Company, adopting a new model of "company + village collective + farmers". By the end of 2019, the Shanwei Electricity Supply Bureau had allocated 900,000 yuan in donations for the industrial project, while the Dahua Village Committee had participated in the shares through a "guaranteed dividend", earning the first dividend of 150,000 yuan at the end of 2018. The factory was officially commissioned at the beginning of 2018, and a site meeting on soybean mechanization and agricultural industry projects was held immediately afterward. Now, the beancurd factory has an average annual output of more than 100,000 pounds and provides about 30 public service jobs (mainly for women and poor households left behind, who can earn more than 20,000 yuan per year); it also drives the villagers' soybean planting and black pig breeding industries - more than 20 poor households grow more than 60 acres of soybeans each year; villagers can sell their soybeans to the beancurd factories. The villagers can sell their soybeans to the bean factory, work in the factory and raise chickens and pigs with the bean dregs; when the dividends from the factory are remitted to the village collective account, the village's "blood-making capacity" is enhanced!

====漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====

事实上，制作腐竹是项技术活——将黄豆晒干、去壳、浸泡和磨浆后，要煮沸成浆水；再通过沉淀，让表面结出一层米黄色的腐皮；用手在腐皮的中间轻轻一拈，腐皮就被滴滴嗒嗒地拎了起来；沥干后的新鲜腐竹吊挂在竹竿上，形成一个个三角形的金色盾牌，散发出迷人的豆香；它们用力地吸收太阳的能量，让自己变得干爽，最终甚至有了饱经风霜的模样。目睹那吊挂在院子外一排排的腐竹时，你想起了在新疆的吐鲁番所见到的那一幕。在戈壁滩的深处，有一条雪水河从山谷里蜿蜒流过，在谷底两侧便形成了葡萄林。而在那些绿色植物的旁边，伫立着一些墙壁漏洞的屋子——那是专门用来晾晒葡萄的晾房。现在，你觉得腐竹和葡萄干都表皮发皱，有着异曲同工之妙。通过这两年的努力，“礼扬山泉腐竹”已荣获“汕尾市名牌农产品”称号，而这个厂也被评定为汕尾市农业龙头企业。
穿过狭窄的巷子，你来到了一片住宅区。只见一排排平房整齐地并列着，像一艘游轮上的客舱——每一间屋子的规模都差不多，看起来十分相似。孙后船的家位于临近街道的那一间——外墙贴了瓷砖，室内的地面也铺了瓷砖。正对着大门的是客厅，摆放着木质沙发、茶几、柜子和电视等，墙上挂着钟表、应急灯和红色的中国结；墙角立着个木佛龛，内里供着观音像。

====卿子晔 Qing Ziye====

42岁的孙后船像个运动员——身材矫健，动作灵敏。他穿着件灰色长袖T恤和蓝色牛仔裤，黑皮鞋擦得干干净净。他的模样显得十分可亲——那头乌发下是张洋溢着笑容的脸。看得出来，他是个性格爽朗而乐观的人。甚至，连他的声音都显得格外清脆——他说话的语速较之常人要快一点，且用词十分准确，还藏着一丝俏皮和诙谐，但又不失分寸。这个男人，如果不是因为左眼有残疾，实在是个俊朗而讨人喜欢的人。然而，命运对他却显现出了异常寻常的残酷性——因为左侧眼皮耷拉着，所以，在他左眼周围的肌肉都有些扭曲。于是，他的面孔呈现出一种古怪的效果——左侧丑陋而狰狞，右脸却英武而俊俏。然而，他却有一具和肉身不配套的灵魂——那样乐观！那样充满活力！绝不轻易言输！这种状态让你也感到欢欣——也许肉体的缺陷并不吓人，而人们若是对自己毫无期待，那才是真正的吓人。

====仇绪 Qiu Xu====

“我刚出生的时候是能看见的！”他用强烈的口气陈述着这个事实。然后，他捋了捋情绪，开始讲述自己的前半生。出生4个月后，他的左眼突然失去了光明，眼皮亦塌陷了下来；而就是在这个时刻，他的母亲因病撒手人寰。一只眼睛失明和丧母，都发生在他还是个婴儿的时期，这是怎样痛心的惨烈之事！他是如何度过童年的，他并没有太多谈及，而是略略地一笔带过，可是，你只要稍微用心地想一想，就会觉得这男孩是在挣扎中活下来的。他的父亲既要忍受中年丧妻的打击，又要担负起抚养残疾婴儿的的责任，一定会心情郁闷无比狂躁吧？
7岁时，父亲和另一个村的女人结了婚后，自己也去了那个村。临行前，父亲将他过继给了大伯。初中没毕业，他便开始下地劳动。很快，他就对地里的各项活计都十分谙熟。等他长成一个青年时，大伯张罗着给他娶媳妇。和妻子结婚时，他并不知道她有病。事实上，这个女子和他的情况恰好相反——虽然她好手好脚，面孔端正，走路吃饭都没有问题，但她的脑袋却像电脑主板会经常短路般，一下子就黑屏了。虽然已生了两个儿子，但妻子的精神一直处于时好时坏的状态。清醒时，她像一个正常人；犯病时，她像是被恶魔附体，不仅大吼大叫，还会奋力打人。若是做丈夫的挨上几下拳脚倒也罢了，只是有时，妻子会在半夜里暴揍孩子。每一次，当他已睡得十分深沉时，听到哭嚎声如雷声炸裂，便赶忙跳起来。现在，妻子一个人睡一间卧室，而他和两个儿子一起睡。他摇摇头：“没办法！怕孩子挨打啊！”

====全永慧 Quan Yonghui ====

这个家似乎已落入了“疾病陷阱”——丈夫残疾，妻子精神有病，两个孩子都未成年。家里的全部开销，靠丈夫一人种地所得。他是无法出门打工的，他有自知之明：“我这个样子是不能出门的，但我可以把所有的气力都放在地里面！”他发狠地种了十几亩地，每天都早出晚归地耕作，但是日子过得依旧很是艰辛。别的男人在外面劳动后，回到家可以吃上老婆做的热饭，可他却享不了那个福。回到家，他还得挽起袖子做饭。在干完家务活之余，他还要照看年幼的两个儿子和年长的大伯。你惊诧万分！在这样的高压生活下，他居然没有半点戾气，反而爽朗乐观，真是奇迹！
如果没有残疾补助，没有助学补助，这个家的日子一定会非常困难。然而，当政府提供给这个家一把“梯子”后，他们便从可怕的“贫困陷阱”中慢慢地爬了上来。现在，他家一年有3000多元的残疾补助；全家每月有900元的低保补助；13岁的大儿子在上小学，一年有3000元生活补助。这些钱在城里人看来不算多，但却能维持这个岭南乡村之家的日常生活。最为难得的是，虽然孙后船被核定为“无劳动能力的贫困户”，但他却身残志坚，决不让生命白白荒废。当扶贫干部们看到他比那些好手好脚的人还爱干活时，便将村里的一些公益工作——锄草、搞卫生、清洁水渠等——都让他来干，让他挣点零用钱。

====疏珊 Shu Shan====

他的小儿子才3岁，有着一头软软的黑发，两只眼睛又黑又亮，小巧的嘴巴很是红润，甚为机灵可爱。这孩子在灰毛衣外套了件黑色马甲，下身是蓝色牛仔裤和运动鞋，和城里孩子的衣着并无二般。当父亲要去地里干活时，总会央求邻居帮忙照看一下孩子；有时邻居有事，他便带着儿子去下地。孩子既聪明又懂事，甚至学会了挖地！在父亲的手机视频里，你看到那个小孩举着个小锄头，正认真地朝地上砍去。他的样子那样认真，绝对是在帮助父亲，而不是在玩游戏！这个小男孩，原本应在幼儿园小班里学拼音，可现在，却像个勤劳的农民般举起锄头。他手脚并用，腰杆挺直，真心实意地要给爸爸帮忙。你看着那视频直发笑，可笑着笑着，总觉得眼角发酸发涩。唉！命运对这家人如此苛刻，可他们却从未抱怨，反而坦然接受，并尽力适应与改变。这些最平常普通的人，就像那些田野里的泥土，毫不起眼，但却是撑起整个世界的基石。他们应该过上更好的生活！他们配得上更好的生活！

====王芳玲 Wang Fangling====

落日照耀着毗邻南海的这片原野。当汽车将河流、田地、农舍和树木都抛在后面时，落日并没有抛弃它们，它依旧照耀着那蜿蜒的小溪，那积水的池塘，那被杂草簇拥的香蕉林。黄昏的水面像一团烈火，在燃烧着最后一道光束。落日让小村变得像宽银幕电影，像一个乌托邦世界，像一副绚烂至极的油画。你喜欢目光所及的这些景致，更喜欢生活在景致里的这些人——他们如这田野般淳朴而厚实。
在县城的夜晚，你整理着采访笔记，思忖着这一路的所见所闻。显然，海丰县的乡村产业发展已取得了一定成效——全县形成了六大农业产业基地，培育了一批农业新型经营主体，打造了一些农业品牌，在脱贫攻坚和乡村振兴中起到很大作用，但依旧存在着问题。

The sunset shines on the field by the south sea. While rivers, fields, farmhouses and trees are left behind car, the sunset still shines on the winding streams, waterlogged ponds and banana groves swarmed by weeds. The water at dusk was like a blazing fire, burning the last beam of light. The sunset makes the village a widescreen movie, like a utopian world and a gorgeous painting. You like the scenery as far as you can see, and you like the people who live in the scenery - they are as simple and thick as the fields. At night in the county, you organized your interview notes, pondering what you had seen and heard along the way. Apparently, the development of rural industries in Haifeng County has made some achievements - the county has formed six major agricultural industry bases, cultivated a number of new agricultural business entities and created some agricultural brands, which have played a great role in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, but there are still problems.

The sunset shines on the field by the south sea. While rivers, fields, farmhouses and trees are left behind car, the sunset still shines on the winding streams, waterlogged ponds and banana groves swarmed by weeds. The water at dusk was like a blazing fire, burning the last beam of light. The sunset makes the village a widescreen movie, like a utopian world and a gorgeous painting. You enjoy the scenery as far as you can see, and you like the people who live in the scenery - they are as simple and thick as the fields. At night, you organized your interview notes, pondering what you had seen and heard along the way. Apparently, the development of rural industries in Haifeng County has yielded some results - the county has formed six major agricultural industry bases, cultivated a batch of new agricultural business entities and created few agricultural brands, which have played a significant role in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization though there still exist some issues.

====王纪龙 Wang Jilong====

首先，县里目前还是品牌少、效益不高，处于“有产业无效益、有主体无规模、有产品无名牌”的现状——全县的主导产业以粮食为主，经济效益不高，而规模体量大、产业链条长、科技含量高、带动能力强、就业门路多的产业项目，尚在培育之中；其次，新型经营主体的数量虽超过千家，但规模普遍不大，带动能力不强——虽然拥有100多个“三品一标一名牌”，但名牌效应并没有真正地拓展开，市场竞争力也不算强；再次，乡村人才支撑不充分——随着新型城镇化进程的加快，农民群众洗脚上田，致使乡村人才流失严重，返乡创业的氛围不浓，留守劳动力多以妇女和年老体弱者为主，文化素养和技术能力都不能适应现代农村发展的要求。凡此种种，都亟需海丰在未来的时日里得以解决。

First of all, the county is still haunted with issues like few brands and low benefits, and is in the situation of "business without benefits, industry without scale, product without brand" - the leading industry in the county is food production and its economic benefits are not high, while the industrial projects with large scale, long industrial chain, high scientific and technological content, strong driving ability, and many employment opportunities are still under cultivation; Secondly, although the number of new business entities exceeds 1000, the scale is generally small and the driving capacity is not powerful - although there are more than 100 campanies of "three products, one standard and one brand", the brand effect has not really expanded and the market competitiveness is not strong; Thirdly, the reserve of rural talents is insufficient - with the acceleration of the new urbanization process, the farmers have washed their feet and left the fields, resulting in a serious loss of rural talents. The atmosphere of returning to their hometown for entrepreneurship is not exuberant. The left behind labor force is mainly women, the elderly and the infirm, and cultural literacy and technical ability cannot meet the requirements of modern rural development. All these things need to be solved by Haifeng in the future.

Lingnan Englisch 5

2022-12-21T07:52:23Z

Liu Tingting: /* 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting */

== Part 29 ==

====白婷 Bai Ting====

白山村

就像每种不同的花在不同的季节开放一样，城镇的中心区域都带着这个地方成长的年代痕迹，彰显着它曾发展的最高程度以及衰败的过程。现在，你所到达的是公平镇，可谓大名鼎鼎——“千年公平古墟，粤东山区第一墟”。这个位于海丰县东北部的城镇，曾是交通要道和贸易中心。早在唐朝，这里就成为山海货物集散、商贾云集之地。这里的墟市以交易公道而著称，故而得名“公平”。在那个时候，镇里已形成每种商品均到其划定名称的街市进行交易的传统——譬如茶街、鱼街、布街、糖街、牛市、猪市、青果行、山货行等。商业的繁荣让这个镇自古便兴文重教，民风淳朴，民俗文化丰富多彩。已故民俗学泰斗钟敬文先生，就出生在这里。你在曾在县城的超市里购买过赫赫有名的“公平牛肉脯”——吃起来唇齿留香，韧劲十足，很有嚼头。这种牛肉脯的制法是祖传的：选用鲜牛肉，加上天然香料和白糖、大蒜、胡椒、汾酒等制作而成。

====蔡思 Cai Si====

你一直忘不了那条道路——从县城通往公平镇的那条柏油路——像是一条绿色的隧道。因为岭南的阳光强烈而顽固，令道路旁的次生灌木林闪烁着深绿与焦黄夹杂的色调。这种粘稠的色调更像是某种矿物的色调，而非是植物的色调。也许，热带不是一个以味道为基础打造出来的世界，而是一个以颜色为基础铸造起来的世界。在这个炽烈的地方，各种绚丽的颜色充满魅惑之力，令人类的瞳孔大张到极致都看不完，看不透，看不全。是的！你总是禁不住感慨——自然在热带的岭南并没有被完全征服，反而彰显着独属于它的尊严。现在，你所目睹到的这条道路像是被施了魔法，搁浅在时间的河床中——没有水泥房，没有广告牌，没有霓虹灯——完全属于异次元空间。

====陈婧 Chen Jing====

进入镇区，喧嚣扑面而来。街道两边的建筑物因岁月而显得黯淡，墙体上还吊挂着雨痕。然而，当那些鳞次栉比的巨幅服装广告，和一座座厂房与洋楼交替出现后，让你在热浪滚滚中体会
到了久违的熟稔——在东莞的各个镇区，充斥着这种工业化的味道。显然，公平镇此刻的模样，是由悠久的历史和当下的经济联合塑造而成的。现在，在这个区域面积100多平方公里的小镇上，拥有100多家各类服装企业，还有与服装配套的辅料、拉链、制线、包装等企业20多家，算得上粤东地区最大的服装专业镇。这里的服装以广州为营销中心，销往全国各地，还通过边贸销售到俄罗斯、东南亚、中东等地，外单产品占比很大。然而最终，公平镇的服装产业因各种原因，没能像东莞市的虎门镇那样，成为全世界瞩目的“服装之都”。

====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====

就像你数次到达联安镇一样，这个镇，你也来过几次。你曾到这个镇，为拜访周凤的故居。作为彭湃的母亲，周凤的一生充满传奇色彩。她出生在公平镇下辖小村的普通农家，从小就深谙穷人之艰辛，所以当她生下彭湃后，总是教育儿子不要看不起农民，在孩子幼小的心田上播种下一颗善良的种子。周凤故居已无人居住，仅存一栋外墙发黑的平房。推开大门，内里是个窄小的庭院，在正屋的两侧，缀着两间耳房。三间屋子内都空空荡荡，只有正屋的墙上挂着周凤的画像——那个穿着黑棉袄的老奶奶，正慈祥地微笑着。那间屋子并没有展示出你预期的戏剧性——当主人已离开后，它只是一个空壳。屋子周围环绕着竹林和榕树，十分安静。从远处传来几声狗吠，显得格外响亮。这是岭南最普通的一个小村。谁能想到，从这里嫁出去的那个女子，会养育出那样的一个儿子；而那个儿子，曾以一把烈火烧掉田契，以惊世骇俗的姿态被写进人类发展史。

====陈思阳 Chen Siyang====

穿过镇中心，你来到了白山村。一股清新怡人的气息铺面而来——四周铺展着大片大片的田野，彰显着浓烈的黄绿色。由于地处边远，交通不便，生产方式迥异，乡村世界构筑起了一个完整而封闭的农业族群。村里人的生活与城里人完全不同——他们一直保留着一种古老的传统，维持着一种神秘的平衡。据白山村扶贫队长、第一书记陈路波介绍：白山村有近3000人，共489户，而其中，因先天残疾、后天患病、没有劳动能力等各类原因，致使88户被核定为贫困户，共313人。在这里的扶贫工作队队员，来自深圳龙岗区坪地街道办事处、龙岗区安监局。当扶贫干部来到村里后，先是走进贫困户的家中，和人们促膝谈心，摸清他们致贫的原因，再进行精准扶贫、结对帮扶。

When you go through the center of town and come to the Baishan village. A fresh and pleasant smell came to your face--spread out around the vast expanse of fields which showed a strong yellow-green color. Because of its remote location, inconvenient transportation and different modes of production, the rural world has built up a complete and closed agricultural ethnic group. Life in the village is quite different from that in the city-they have always retained an ancient tradition, maintaining a mysterious balance. According to Chen Lubo, leader and first secretary of Baishan Village Poverty Alleviation Team: Baishan Village has nearly 3000 people, a total of 489 households, among which 88 households have been verified as poor households, a total of 313 people due to congenital disability, acquired illness, lack of labor capacity and other reasons. Members of the poverty alleviation team here come from Shenzhen Longgang District Pingdi Sub-district Office and Longgang District Work Safety Supervision Bureau. When poverty alleviation cadres come to the village, they first walk into the homes of poor households, talk with people, find out the causes of their poverty, and then carry out precise poverty alleviation and help them in pairs.

====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====

扶贫干部将所有无劳动能力的贫困户人口纳入社会保障，全部实现政策性保障兜底脱贫；而对那些有劳动能力的贫困户，则激发起他们的内在动力，鼓励他们发挥革命老区艰苦奋斗的精神，通过种地、打工或其他方式努力脱贫，不能万事都倚靠政府。

Poverty alleviation officials have included all the poor households with no ability to work in the social security system, and all of them achieved poverty alleviation with policy-based guarantees. For those poor households who are able to work, it will stimulate their inner motivation and encourage them to use the spirit of hard work in old revolutionary base areas to lift themselves out of poverty through farming, part-time jobs, or other ways, rather than just relying on the government.

陈路波书记介绍说，在工作队到来之前，白山村的很多村民都是用瓦缸盛水的，而现在，每一户村民的家里都通上了自来水。你才了解，原来不仅在白山村，甚至整个海丰县城，自然村集中供水覆盖率已达到99.66%, 其中，37个省定贫困村内20户以上的所有自然村18个已实现集中供水覆盖；同时，县里还对卫生站的建设也十分重视。海丰县除了7个空壳村无需建设卫生站外，其余196个村的卫生站中，完成建设并投入使用的有73间，全面完成建设的有114间，完成主体建设的有9间。

Secretary Chen Lubo said that before the work team arrived, many villagers in Baishan Village used tile tanks to hold water; but now, every villager's home is connected to tap water. We could just realize that not only in Baishan Village but even the whole city of Haifeng County, the centralized water supply coverage rate of natural villages has also reached 99.66%, among which, 18 of all natural villages with more than 20 households in 37 provincial designated poor villages have realized centralized water supply coverage. At the same time, the county also attaches great importance to the construction of health stations. In addition to the 7 empty villages in Haifeng County, among the remaining 196 villages, 73 health stations have been completed and put into use, 114 have been fully completed, and 9 have completed main construction.

====丁粤 Ding Yue====

事实上，能喝到纯净的水和能及时就医，对村民是非常重要的。根据2008年世界卫生组织和联合国儿童基金会的数据，约13%的世界人口缺乏改进的水源（通常指自来水和水井），而约1/4的人口没有可用的安全饮用水，其中有很多都是穷人。专家们一致认为，家用自来水和卫生设施会给健康带来很大影响，它可以让婴儿的死亡率大大降低，且能使同期死亡率总体减少近一半。虽然改善水资源是一个非常日常的问题，但也是启动了长期社会变革的一次机会——当人们可以健康地生活时，便会大大减少坠入“疾病陷阱”的可能性，籍此而启动一种良性循环。

====付静 Fu Jing====

村里有条名叫“大浦洋”的村道，原本是条坑坑洼洼的泥土路，而现在，已被修整成一条平坦的水泥路。陈路波书记说，经过村道硬底化建设工程后，村民们再也不用担心下雨时会弄脏鞋袜。现在，你看到了白山村公共服务中心——精准扶贫基建项目——那是一栋姜黄色的三层小楼，有着棕红色屋顶。这栋楼房也已成为村里的标志性建筑。站在服务中心门前，只见一条条柏油路辐射开来，向着村子的各处延伸而去。以前，村里的夜晚是漆黑漆黑的，而现在，当一排排路灯竖立起来后，整个夜晚都变得亮堂起来。当路灯照耀着服务中心对面的篮球场时，那个空间显得格外阔气——湖蓝色的地面配上紫色的篮球架，衬托出白色篮板的秀美。白天时，来这里打球的年轻人很多；而在篮球场旁的那些运动器械上，总能看到老人家们在忙着转动腰肢。以前,村民们喜欢在晚饭后打麻将或喝酒，而现在，人们都忙着锻炼身体。

There is a country road called "Dapuyang" in the village, which was originally a bumpy dirt road, but now it has been improved into a smooth concrete road. Secretary Chen Lubo said that after the construction project of hard-bottomed roads, villagers would no longer have to worry about dirty shoes and socks in rainy days. Now, in front of you is the Public Service Center of Baishan Village as well as the Targeted Poverty Alleviation Infrastructure Project, which is a ginger three-story building with a brown-red roof. The building has also become a landmark in the village. In front of the service center, a series of asphalt roads radiate away, extending to all parts of the village. The village was dark at night before, but now, when rows of street lamps have been erected, the village becomes bright at night. When the street lights shine on the basketball court opposite to the service center, the space looks particularly wide-the aqua blue floor with purple basketball stands setting off the beauty of white rebounds. During the day, many young people come here to play basketball; On the sports equipment beside the basketball court, you can always see old people busy turning their waists. In the past, villagers liked to play mahjong or drink wine after dinner, but now people are busy exercising.

====高燕 Gao Yan====

张淑尔的家也是一栋独立的新砖房。站在门口的她，正在向你挥手。虽然你只是个偶尔到访的客人，但她却依旧热情四溢。35岁的她有着一张银盘大脸，眉毛浓黑，睫毛翻翘。除了遮住鼻孔、嘴唇和下巴的口罩外，她的面部看着十分标致动人。她的体型微胖，在黑色T恤衫外套了件粉红色毛衣开衫，下身穿着条牛仔裤。她的屋子是新建的，所以外墙的瓷砖显得格外簇新。进入屋内，你大吃一惊，像是进入到一个英国贵族家庭——纯白色的欧式家具，姜黄色的丝绸窗帘，大彩电和大冰箱，开放式厨房，整洁的卫生间……显然，这个家的主人更青睐西式家俬，更强调现代品位，和此前所见的大部分家庭都不一样。她有三个孩子，分别是6岁、8岁和10岁，在读小学一年级、三年级和四年级。那个摆在鞋柜上的头盔，便是母亲骑摩托车去接孩子上下学时用的。

Zhang Shuer's home is also an independent new brick house. Standing at the door, she is waving to you Although you are only an occasional guest, you are still warmly welcome. The 35-year-old has a big face, thick black eyebrows and curled eyelashes. although the mask covered her nostrils, lips and chin, her face still looked beautiful She was a little chubby, wearing a pink cardigan over a black T-shirt and jeans. Her house was new, so the tiles on the outside looked fresh. As entering the house, you were surprised, like entering a United Kingdom aristocratic family-pure white European furniture, ginger silk curtains, big color TV and big refrigerator, open kitchen, clean bathroom. Obviously, the owner of this home prefers Western furniture and modern taste, which is different from most families we have seen before. She has three children, with the ages of 6, 8 and 10, in first, third and fourth grades of primary school respectively. The helmet on the shoe ark, is used by the mother when she rode a motorcycle to pick up the children to and from school.

====关娜 Guan Na====

当年，她从隔壁村嫁到白山村后，和丈夫相亲相爱，日子过得欣欣向荣。丈夫郑建生常年在外地打工，家里的事全靠女主人打理——那两亩地虽然每年只能收入2000元，可她却舍不得荒掉；再加上照顾孩子们的日常生活和学习，她每天都忙得团团转。丈夫会裁剪，原来在镇上的服装厂打工，每月可挣个3000多元。但是，这几年服装行业整体衰落，他便到广州去打工。虽然工资比原来多了点，但回家的次数却越来越少——有时半年回来一次，有时只能春节时回来一次。

====郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====

谁能想到，一场突如其来的巨变陡然降临到这个家。2015年，正在炒菜的女主人被泄露的煤气所伤，不得不住院治疗。大火将她烧得简直面目全非——双手完全变形，手背上布满大小深坑，整个面部全然发焦。在住院的一个多月时间里，她做了面部、手部和大腿的植皮手术。之后，她的手掌因萎缩而变小，表皮发白，指缝间粘连，活动起来很不自由；她的下巴处变得皱巴巴，像火山熔岩的碎片拼贴起来。如果她没有戴口罩，那么她的脸便由鼻梁处开始分界——上半部让人看着欣喜，下半部让人看着惊骇。所以，如果要出门或者见客，她总会把口罩戴上。

====侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====

那场突如其来的事故让这个家庭耗费了30多万元——因为有些进口药不能报销，所以有7成的医药费是自己付的。听说她发生的不幸之事，很多朋友通过微信里的朋友圈为她募捐，令她大
为感动。现在，当她说起这些往事时，眉眼间带着微笑，语调相当轻松。她有一双非常迷人的眼睛，闪着宝石般的晶光，令你不得不聚精会神地聆听下去。当她试图要强调某个地方时，会在那里稍微停顿一下。然而，她却并没有让自己陷入哽咽境地。没有。她很快便从悲伤的叙述中解脱了出来。

The sudden accident cost the family more than 300,000 yuan -- 70 percent of which they had to pay for themselves, as some imported medicines were not reimbursed. Heard that she has unfortunate things, a lot of friends through the wechat helped her to fundraising and she deeply moved. Now, when she talks about these memories, she would smile and talks in a relaxed tone. She has a pair of charming eyes, shining like jewels which enabling you to listen intently to her . When she tries to emphasize something, she would pauses but not to choke her up. She soon extricated herself from the sad narrative.

====胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi ====

得病后，张淑尔不仅被肉身的疼痛所侵袭，精神上也遭遇了巨大打击——眼瞅着三个孩子都要上学，可生活费怎么办？正当她陷入愁苦之地时，一项政策令她欣喜无比——通过对贫困户的助学补助，每个上小学的孩子每年能获得3000元生活补助。她掰着指头算了算：有了这一年9000元的补助，便能解决孩子们的吃饭、穿衣、买学习用品等问题，实在是雪中送炭。事实上，助学补助可以让家长们摆脱极度贫困的状态，拓宽他们的思想空间，让他们拥有更长远的人生观——教育必须现在就投入。培养下一代，让他们身心健康且受过良好的教育，无论是从短期还是长期的角度看，都非常有助于消除贫穷。童年时期在营养上的少量投入，对孩子在以后的成长会产生很大影响。现在，当这位母亲能为孩子购买牛奶、鸡蛋、肉类及蔬菜时，她便能让孩子在童年时就吸收到充足营养，这样不仅会减少他们患病的概率，且能拥有健康的体魄。当这些孩子长大成年后，能够挣到更多的钱，能够带动这个家庭走出“贫穷陷阱”，防止贫穷的代际传播。一项针对美国南部及几个拉丁美洲国家抗疟活动的研究表明，与患过疟疾的儿童相比，未患过疟疾的儿童长大后每年的收入要多50%。

After the illness, Zhang Shuer was not only attacked by physical pain， but also suffered a great blow mentally--seeing that all three children had to go to school, what about the cost of living? When she was in a land of sorrow, she was overjoyed by a policy that through student aid to poor families, each child who went to primary school could receive a living allowance of 3000 yuan a year. She calculated that with a subsidy of 9000 yuan this year, she would be able to solve the children's problems of eating, dressing, and buying school supplies. In fact, student subsidies can lift parents out of extreme poverty, broaden their thinking space and give them a longer-term outlook on life-education must be invested now. Nurturing the next generation so that they are physically and mentally healthy and well educated, both in the short term and in the long term, is very helpful in eradicating poverty. A small amount of investment in nutrition in childhood will have a great impact on children's growth in the future. Now, when the mother can buy milk, eggs, meat, and vegetables for her child, she can let her child absorb adequate nutrients in childhood, which will not only reduce their risk of illness, but also have a healthy body. When these children grow up, they will be able to earn more money, which can lead the family out of the "poverty trap" and prevent the intergenerational spread of poverty. A study of anti-malaria activities in the southern United States and several Latin American countries shows that children who do not have malaria earn 50% more a year when they grow up than those who have.

====任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====

除了助学补助外，张淑尔还有残疾补助——每月300多元；她家还申请了低保——每月1000多元。有了这些补助托底，加上地里的收入和丈夫的打工收入，这个家已经像加了油的发动机，开始轰隆隆地转了起来。这栋新房子是2018年盖起来的，花费的20多万中有一半的钱是借来的，而国家补助的4万元简直是雪中送炭。“老房子是瓦房，总是滴滴答答地漏水，里面又暗又潮。”现在，张淑尔每天骑摩托车接送孩子们去上学。当她的手抓住车把时，总显得颤颤巍巍。可是，她是母亲啊！一咬牙，她浑身都充满了地母般的力量，就那样把摩托车开了出去！现在，当她做任何一件事时，都需要付出比一般人多几倍的努力才能达到。然而，她却不愿等、靠、要，而愿意努力地去干活。当她拿出手机展示孩子们的照片时，眼神璀璨得像黑丝绒上的宝石。经历了那样一场大劫难，可在她的身上，一点都没有看破红尘、茫然若失、怨恨诅咒，反而充满了诚挚和热情。现在，她以无比的耐心和耐力，平静地接受着命运给予她的不公。不，她并不想把生活变成嚎啕的哭墙，而想把它变成旋转的舞台。

Apart from education subsidies, Zhang Shu’er has been offered disability subsidies with 300-plus yuan per month; She also applied for the subsistence allowances with more than 1000 yuan every month. Thanks to these subsidies, together with farmland gains and her husband’s income as a laborer, the family got to rumble just like a fueling engineer. The new house built in 2018, cost over 200,000 yuan, half of which was borrowed from someone else.Under such a situation, the national grants of 40,000 yuan are literally timely assistance. In the past, she lived in a tile-roofed house which was always dripping by a pitapat. It was dark and damp inside. But now, Zhang Shu’er picks up her children for school by motorbike every day. She always seemingly trembles as she grabs the handlebar. Yet, she is a mother! On gritting her teeth, she is full of strength all over her body so that makes the motorbike move forward. Now, no matter what things she does, she needs to pay several times more efforts to achieve it than ordinary people. However, she is unwilling to wait, depend on others, and get something from others , but willing to work hard. When she pulled out her phone to show pictures of her children, her eyes shone like jewels on the black velvet. Despite such a great disaster experience, in her body, we did not find any trace of seeing through the emptiness of the material world, losing herself in a reverie, resentment and curse, but full of sincere and enthusiasm. Now, with great patience and endurance, she calmly accepted the injustice that fate had given her. No, she didn't want life to be a wailing wall, but a spinning stage.

====黄舒威 Huang Shuwei====

当你来到这栋簇新的砖房门前时，根本不能相信这是贫困户的家。这栋屋子的外墙上嵌着瓷砖，敦实地扎在地面上，显得簇新至极。48岁的张炳辉是这栋屋子的男主人。这是个身量适中的男子，皮肤黝黑，脸庞秀气，目光沉静。虽然他的前额上已有了些皱纹，且发际线很高，但看起来他还是很年轻，皮肤既没有粗糙松弛，也没有严重下垂——这应和他长期从事体力劳动有关。若单看他的服饰，你会觉得他和你目光所及的别人没什么差别——黑白相间的T恤外是黑夹克衫，下身是黑长裤，然而，他却赤脚穿着双拖鞋。十年前，你刚到岭南时，看到有人在冬日赤脚穿拖鞋总感觉浑身不自在，而现在，你早已适应与习惯了岭南人的这种装束。

====姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====

显然，他是个有条有理的人，因为他的家收拾得实在是利落至极——不止是砖房外镶嵌着瓷砖，在客厅的内部也铺了地砖，而木质的沙发和茶几擦拭得干干净净，厨房里的锅碗瓢盆，摆放得整整齐齐。在屋外的篱笆里，他还养了四五只鸡，各个毛发艳丽，气宇轩昂。站在门口朝外看去，侧旁的那栋破旧泥土屋便显得格外扎眼——那屋子又矮又黑，简直像一触即碎、岌岌可危。而那栋屋子，就是他曾经的老屋。你知道海丰毗邻南海，经常会遭到超强台风的袭击。若长久地居住在这样的老房中，是非常危险的事情——暴雨狂泻会引发内涝，让堤坝决口；河水会淹没农田，也会冲倒农舍。而热带的暴雨和西北的毛毛雨完全不同——那雨根本不是一条条线垂直落下，而是一堆堆钢珠一股脑泼洒而下。这样的雨不会因为云团的离开而停止，因为这里已凝聚了太多的湿气，需咆哮许久才能释放完。粗暴的台风会将行人吹走，树木吹倒，屋宇吹塌。

====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====

张炳辉实在想盖栋新房子，这念头在他脑海里存在了不止一两年，可他总是困于手上现钱太少而放弃。2018年，趁着国家有危房改造的补助，他咬着牙建起了这栋新房。总投资20多万的费用里，除自己的多年积蓄外，他还问亲友们借了点钱，再加上国家补助的4万元，最终将这栋簇新屋宇建造起来。对农民而言，盖起一栋房子不仅仅是立起了一栋四方形建筑物，而且还塑造了一个有形的家——新房子不仅看起来赏心悦目，还是一种自信和实力的表现。现在，这家人住在这栋整洁的屋子里——客厅里摆着电视和冰箱，厨房里有自来水，卫生间可淋浴——和城市的楼房并无二般。住进这样的房子后，人们会自觉地保持屋子的整洁，而且还提升了自信心。有自来水的厨房和可以淋浴的卫生间，让农民的生活更加卫生，减少了疾病产生的可能性。孩子们若在这样的居住环境中长大，便能拥有更好的生活。

====李鸿 Li Hong====

张炳辉说起话来时，语调沉稳而缓慢。他有三个孩子——大女儿已中专毕业，二女儿还在读大学，而小儿子在读中专。现在，他正处于人到中年的尴尬阶段——孩子们都未能独立，而他和老婆的身体又一天天在走下坡路。家里的两大开支明晃晃地摆在那里——除了日常的生活费，还有孩子们的学费。而他和妻子辛苦一年的收入，在交付完这些费用后，也便所剩无几。显然，令整个家致贫的原因并非男主人不聪明、不勤奋、不努力。他感慨道：“现在种地实在不容易！人口多，耕地少，又缺水！”1984年，村里进行联产承包责任制时，他家只分得了4亩多地。后来，家里的人越来越多，兄弟们便只好再次分地。最终，他只分得了一亩多地，而且水田少，旱地多。因为缺水，以前一年可种两季稻，现在只能种一季。他和妻子在地里忙碌一年，收入甚微，但若彻底放弃，又总觉不甘心——地是农民的根本之所在；离了地，好像人没有了灵魂。然而，种地的收入又入不敷出，故而地变成了鸡肋，食之无味，弃之可惜。

====李佳珺 Li Jiajun====

在地里再怎么捯饬，都不可能折腾出更多的钱来，可家里的开销却一样都减不了。为补贴家用，他便到镇上的服装厂去打工。他干的是车工，工资以计件来计算——活多的时候，他一个月能挣上个两三千，而但活少的时候，就一分也没得挣。老婆除了料理家务和照顾孩子外，还利用空闲去厂里做杂工，干些剪线头之类的活计，能挣一点是一点。在服装厂已打了20多年的工，他完全算得上是个熟练工。如果公平镇的服装产业能一直延续上世纪80年代的红火，他家的日子也不会一下子落入窘境。这几年，服装市场整体不景气，外单订货量大幅减少，这些和国内原材料成本上涨，劳动力成本优势减弱等都有关系。没有订单，工厂就不开工；工厂不开工，工人就没钱赚。现在，失业后的张炳辉处境尴尬——这个时候想转行，实在是困难！应该学点什么呢？让他把在服装厂学到的技能忘得一干二净，再去学别的技能，并不是一件容易的事；可是，若让他去建筑工地之类的地方干活，他已不再年轻，无法和别人拼体力。如今，这对夫妻即便胼手抵足地忙碌，日子还是紧巴巴。

No matter what he did on the farmland, he could not be able to earn more money. However, the household expense couldn’t be cut down neither. In order to make more money, he went to work at the clothing factory in the town. He was a lathe worker, and his salary was calculated on a piecework basis. In the peak season, he could make two or three thousand yuan per month, while in the slack season he could make no money. In addition to taking care of the household chores and the children, the wife also had to do the part-time job in the factory as a handyman, doing some work such as trimming thread ends, to earn as much as she could. Working in the clothing factory for more than 20 years, he was totally qualified as a skilled worker. If the clothing industry in Gongping Town could continue its prosperity in the 1980s, his family would never fall into this predicament. In recent years, the whole clothing market is in the low season, and the order quantity had slumped. All of these were related to the increase of domestic raw material prices and the decrease of labor cost advantage, etc. Without orders, the factories wouldn’t open, thus, the workers wouldn’t make any money. Now, unemployed, Zhang Binghui is in an awkward situation —— it is so hard to switch to another job! What should he learn? It’s not easy for him to forget all the skills he learnt from the clothing factory and learn other new working skills. However, if you ask him to work at the construction site, he was no younger anymore and can’t compete with others on strength. Although the couple work really hard, they are still struggling for life.

====李可依 Li Keyi====

然而，办法总比困难多！2016年之后，原本陷入忧郁的张炳辉，一下子变得开朗起来：“种地！种地！种地！”原来，在国家的扶贫政策中，有一项是“以奖代补”——贫困户无论是种地或打工，在年底都会按比例进行奖励。开始，他在心里还有些犯嘀咕——真的会奖励吗？扶贫工作队给贫困户免费发放袁隆平培育的杂交水稻品种，且发动贫困户连片种植超级水稻，。在种植前，扶贫工作队还对贫困户进行专门的技术培训。2017年，当张炳辉领到4000元的补助后，心里暖洋洋的，浑身舒坦！自己的地自己种，种了后收成是自己的，国家还能补助这么多钱，这是多么好的事！于是，他和妻子商量着来年要多种一点地，妻子忙不迭地点头同意。到2018年年底时，他领到了7000元的补助。对这个家来说，这些补助真是春风化雨，来到正是时候。此刻，是这对夫妻最为艰难的时段——若再熬几年，孩子们毕业后都工作了，他家的日子便会真正地好起来。

====李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====

陈路波书记说：“村里有不少像张炳辉这样积极就业的贫困户。从2016年到2019年，村里发放的“以奖代补”奖金有100多万元，这对贫困户来说是实实在在的帮助。”他还说：“针对白山村村集体经济较为薄弱的状况，龙岗区财政注资200万元，入股建设海龙投资大厦项目，以确保村集体每年不低于10万元的分红；此外，还将66户有劳动能力的贫困户组织起来，每户投资2万元，入股海丰县的红色旅游项目，每户每年可分红1400元；又投入20万元，委托镇政府统筹公平镇的产业扶贫项目，每年不低于8%的收益分红。”为了推动传统农业由粗放型向集约型转变，扶贫工作队还帮助村里成立了合作社，筹集资金购买了一台耙田机、一台挖掘机，并将村民生产的优质农产品销往深圳等地，让村民增加收入。

Secretary Chen Lubo said: "There are many poverty-stricken households who are actively employed like Zhang Binghui in the village. From 2016 to 2019, the village has paid more than 1 million yuan in the" reward for compensation "bonus, which is a real help to the poverty-stricken households." He also said: "In view of the weak collective economy of Baishan Village, the financial department of Longgang District has invested 2 million yuan in the construction of Hailong Investment Building Project to ensure that the village collective receives no less than 100,000 yuan of dividends annually. In addition, 66 poor households with labor ability have been organized, with 20,000 yuan invested by each household in the Red Tourism Project of Haifeng County, and each household can receive 1,400 yuan of dividends annually. Another investment of 200,000 yuan entrusted the town government to coordinate the town's industrial poverty alleviation projects, no less than 8% of the annual profit will be distributed. " In order to promote the transformation of traditional agriculture from extensive to intensive, the poverty relief team also helped the village establish cooperatives, raised funds to buy a harrow machine and a excavator, and sold high-quality agricultural products produced by the villagers to Shenzhen and other places, so that the villagers can increase their income.

====李心田 Li Xintian====

长日将尽，暮色四合。离开白山村后，车子又驶出了公平镇。乡村小道旁的低矮山峦，渐渐地隐退到车窗后面，只剩下一道道蓝紫色的轮廓。你的眼前消失了平缓的田野，也消失窄窄的乡道、戴草帽的农人、亮着灯的屋舍。当你离开这些景色时，好像离开了一片古老的大地。你突然意识到，你那样喜欢乡村生活，原因是因为你长久地居住在城市中。事实上，出现在你眼里的乡村，是和城市进行比对后的乡村，而这种景致在农民眼里，会呈现出另一种意义。对农民来说。乡村不仅代表家园、家族和根系，还代表缓慢、滞重和禁锢。为了能获得丰收，他们便不得不适应各种约束，所以，他们比你更了解孤寂与单调的滋味。

====李彦 Li Yan====

在穿过了一片又一片的幽黑地带后，前方出现了密集的灯光——县城到了！夜幕下的海丰城像个大集市，到处都闪烁着霓虹灯，涌动着喧嚣的车流，拥挤着熙攘的人群。忙碌了一天，人们在大排档喝碗麻鱼粥后再归家。虽然已是12月底，但习习的夜风却显得格外舒爽。你思忖——城市代表着人类文明最复杂、最精纯的面貌。在如此之小的面积上，却集中了如此之多的人口，令城市像一个热烘烘的大熔炉。城市如此广袤，任何人都可在这里过上隐姓埋名的生活，而不为邻居所知。对城市人来说，每个人都是单独的个体，都局限在自己的家庭和职业中，而不与周围的环境发生密切联系。

====李梓玉 Li Ziyu====

与此相反，每一个村庄都貌似一个单独的小宇宙，但生活其中的人们却紧密地相互勾连着。人们在乡村的生活虽然缓慢，但古老的传统并没有完全解体，依旧存在着强大的影响。在乡村，人们彼此看着长大，知根知底。任何一个陌生人的到来，都会被村民即刻辨认出来。春耕、夏耘、秋收、冬藏——村庄的时间谱系和城市完全不同。村庄的时间要聆听天空和泥土的讯息，而城市的时间，却被路灯和空调所掌握。村庄里的万事万物——农舍、庄稼、祠堂和各种礼仪，都经过了许多世纪的演化，已达到了某种完美而和谐的境地；而城市还像个少年，处于正在发育的阶段。村庄的表面看起来像一个迷宫，但内部却有着清晰的规则，就像那些铺展在大地上的农田，虽然每一片的结构都各不相同，但许多块田地拼凑在一起，却能形成一件完美的百纳衣。

== Part 30 ==

====梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====

大化村

赤坑镇位于县城的东南部，此镇名字的由来源于大革命时期，这里是赤卫队活动的中心。为纪念赤卫队对人民的赤胆忠心，故而将这里定名为“赤坑镇”。你要到达的大化村，是汕尾供电局对口扶贫的一个村。你发现乡间小路上车辆甚少，而在每一条小路之后都有另一条小路等待着，这些路看上去并没什么差别。窗外的景色是岭南的隆冬，却更像西北的初秋。树木好像在奔跑，而草丛在阳光的炙烤下，呈现出一片黄红色。每隔一段时间，就会有一座村庄豁然出现，展示出一幅岭南乡村水墨画——低矮的农舍，小块的农田，蜿蜒的河流，戴草帽的农人。

====廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====

你终于来到了大化村。驻村队长、第一书记张立业是个身量适中、五官分明的中年男子，鼻梁上架着眼镜，脸上浮现着温和的笑容。原本，他是名供电局的干部，如今，却被村民们亲切地称为“草帽书记”。当你跟着他行走在村子内部时，看到这里田野舒朗，树木苍翠，巷道干净，广场开阔，一排排路灯像士兵般伫立。张书记笑着说：“村里以前可不是这个模样。”据他介绍，大化村是广东省的省定贫困村，不仅位置偏远，且基础设施落后。扶贫工作队先后筹集资金95万元，不仅修建了交通水利等基础设施，解决了河溪沟渠淤积堵塞、臭不可闻、时常泛滥的问题，还完成了村内雨污分流的问题，又对村前人行道进行了改造，并对村外立面进行了粉刷，拆除了老旧电线杆，改造了62盏路灯，安装了太阳能路灯22枚，这才让整个村庄的面貌焕然一新。工作队还协助发动乡绅乡贤捐款，筹集资金近140万，完成了中山文化广场的建设。

====刘丛领 Liu Congling====

大化村共有700多户，其中的103户为贫困户，而有劳动能力的贫困户有71户。从2016年至2019年，扶贫工作队为村里筹集各项资金约750万元，大大推动了村里的经济发展。三年内，扶贫工作队共申请政府危房改造补助资金120多万元，完成危房改造40户；2018年获得大病救助贫困户人员34人，获得医保报销资金100多万。截至2018年，贫困户人均可支配收入达9500多元，基本解决了“两不愁三保障”及饮水安全问题。到2019年年底，所有的贫困户已全部脱贫。
以前的大化村不仅经济力量薄弱，且产业结构单一——蔬菜种植和家禽养殖处于零星状态，而水稻农田则抛荒很多，基本没什么像样的产业。现在，村里的经济呈现出“百花齐放、满园争妍”的状态。扶贫工作队因地制宜打造“一村一品”，促成了海丰勤致合作社、智慧农场、礼扬腐竹生产基地投资、袁隆平水稻等40多个项目的诞生。自2016年以来，扶贫工作队先后为贫困户购买袁隆平杂交水稻种子，共免费发放稻种2000多斤；通过与专业农业公司达成协议，为农户提供技术指导培训，拓宽村民“稳粮增收”的渠道；引导村民种植甜瓜、番茄等经济作物，协助农户饲养、销售特色产品，譬如走地鸡、散养黑猪等，激发农户的内生动力。
Of the 700 households in Dahua village, 103 are poverty-stricken families and 71 are able to work. From 2016 to 2019, the poverty alleviation team raised about 7.5 million yuan in various funds for the village, which greatly promoted the village's economic development. Within three years, the task force applied for more than 1.2 million yuan of government subsidies to renovate 40 dilapidated houses.
In 2018, 34 people from poor households received assistance for serious diseases, and more than 1 million yuan was reimbursed by medical insurance. By 2018, the per capita disposable income of poor households had reached more than 9,500 yuan, which basically ensure that rural poor people have no worry about food and clothing and have access to compulsory education, basic medical services, and safe housing. and drinking water safety. By the end of 2019, all poor households had been lifted out of poverty. In the past, Dahua Village was not only economically weak, but only had a single industrial structure -- vegetable farming and poultry farming were sporadic, rice fields were abandoned and there were few decent industries. Now, the economy of the village is in full bloom. The poverty alleviation team has built "one village, one product" according to local conditions, which has contributed to the birth of more than 40 projects such as Haifeng Qin Zhi Cooperative, Smart Farm, Liyang Fu Bamboo Production Base investment, and Yuan Longping Rice. Since 2016, the poverty alleviation task force has purchased Yuan Longping hybrid rice seeds for poor households and distributed over 2,000 jin of rice seeds free of charge. Through agreements with specialized agricultural companies to provide technical guidance and training for farmers, the task force managed to broaden the channels for villagers to "stabilize grain and increase income" and guide villagers to plant cash crops such as melon and tomato, and assist farmers to raise and sell local products, such as free-range chicken and free-range black swines, so as to stimulate farmers' inner motivation.

Correction:Of the 700 households in Dahua village, 103 were poverty-stricken families, and only 71 poverty-stricken families were able to work. From 2016 to 2019, the poverty alleviation team raised about 7.5 million yuan in various funds for the village, which greatly promoted the village's economic development. Within three years, the task force applied for more than 1.2 million yuan of government subsidies to renovate 40 dilapidated houses. In 2018, 34 people from poor households received assistance for serious diseases, and more than 1 million yuan was reimbursed by medical insurance. By 2018, the per capita disposable income of poor households reached more than 9,500 yuan, which basically ensured that rural poor people had no worry about food and clothing and had access to compulsory education, basic medical services, and safe housing and drinking water safety. By the end of 2019, all poor households had been lifted out of poverty. In the past, Dahua Village not only was economically weak, but also had a single industrial structure -- vegetable farming and poultry farming were sporadic, rice fields were abandoned and there were few decent industries. Now, the economy of the village is in full bloom. The poverty alleviation team has built “one village, one product” according to local conditions, which has contributed to the birth of more than 40 projects such as Haifeng Qinzhi Cooperative, Smart Farm, Liyang Dried Beancurd Sticks Production Base investment, and Yuan Longping Rice. Since 2016, the poverty alleviation task force has purchased Yuan Longping hybrid rice seeds for poor households and distributed over 2,000 jin of rice seeds free of charge. Through agreements with specialized agricultural companies to provide technical guidance and training for farmers, the task force broadens the channels for villagers to "stabilize grain and increase income" and guides villagers to plant cash crops such as melon and tomato, and assists farmers to raise and sell local products, such as free-range chicken and free-range black swine, so as to stimulate farmers' inner motivation.

====刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====

在主干道旁岔出了条沙石小路，路旁挺立着一棵硕大的榕树，树干繁密遒劲，树叶浑圆招摇。树旁的那栋姜黄色小楼，看着十分簇新，为乡野景致增添了几分现代气息。那熠熠闪光的牌匾——“海丰县勤致种养专业合作社”——是2019年11月挂起来的。看到“合作社”三字，你变得兴致盎然。这个词你并不陌生——早在上世纪80年代，你就已经知道了它。现在，它又回来了！曾经的合作社是农民的一条阳光大道；如今，它的内涵已发生了变化——它不再是旧事物，而成为新模式。过去的合作社是计划经济体制下的集体经济，如今的合作社，是社会主义市场经济体制下的个体经济。现在，合作社像连心桥而不是独木桥，把一盘散沙的农民们组织起来，让大家抱团取暖，协作发展，而不是等、靠、要。
A sandy path branches off the main road, where there is a huge banyan tree with a thick trunk and beautiful round leaves. The small ginger house near the tree seems newly renovated, which adds a touch of modernity to the rural landscape. The glittering plaque -- “Haifeng County Qinzhi Professional Breeding Cooperative” -- is put up in November 2019. When seeing the word “Cooperative”, you become interested in it. It’s a word you’re familiar with -- you already knew it back in the 1980s. Now, it’s back! The cooperatives were once a sunny avenue for farmers; now its meaning has changed -- it is no longer the old thing, it is the new model. In the past, cooperatives were collective economies under the planned economy system, while cooperatives in today are individual economies under the socialist market economy system. Now, cooperatives are like a connecting bridge of hearts instead of a single-log bridge. They organize farmers in disarray together, so that the farmers can help each other and actively cooperate for development instead of just waiting for, relying on or demanding other’s help.

====刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====

事实上，这个农业合作社是海丰县708个合作社中的一个。原来，海丰县一直在大力推进现代农业的发展。县里非常重视产业园区建设——县里将发展重点聚焦在优质稻、蔬菜、水果、茶叶、畜禽、水产养殖这六大生产基地，投入资金22804万元打造海丰蔬菜省级现代农业产业园，建成了智慧农业云平台、蔬菜雾化栽培科技园、蔬菜植物工厂等科技含量较高的现代农业设施，促使现代蔬菜生产体系、经营体系逐步完善；海丰县还投入1400万元，推进“一村一品、一镇一业”的发展——组织各镇（场）积极申报镇级特色农业产业，抓好招商引资，优化发展环境，通过龙头企业带动，结合当地优势，形成特色产业带和优势带，着力打造好海丰蔬菜、黄羌金针菜、联安有机米、公平花生、坑口芋头等一批特色品牌；海丰县注重培育发展新型农业经营主体——累计培育了1265家农业龙头企业、农
民专业合作社、家庭农场等新型农业经营主体，其中农业龙头企业71个，农民专业合作社708个，家庭农场486个。

As a matter of fact, it is one of 708 cooperatives in Haifeng County. It turns out that it has been making great efforts to develop modern agriculture. The County values the construction of industrial parks mostly—it put the key of development on six production bases of high-quality rice, vegetables, fruits, tea-leaves, livestock and poultry and aquaculture, invested 228.04 billion yuan in Haifeng modern agricultural and industrial park of vegetables in provincial level, and equipped with some modern agricultural facilities, such as smart agricultural cloud platform, science and technology park of vegetable atomization planting, and vegetable plant factory, which prompted modern vegetable production and operation system to be developed gradually. Besides, Haifeng County also put 14 million yuan on the development of “a village with a featured brand and a town with a specialty industry”—organized each town to declare project of featured agriculture and industry in town level with positiveness, seized every chance to attract investments and optimized business environment. Through the drive of leading enterprises and the combination with local advantages, a characteristic industrial belt and an advantageous belt could be formed, aiming to build featured brands of Haifeng vegetables, Huang Qiang day lily, Lian An organic rice, Gong ping peanuts, and Keng Tou sweet potatoes. It also laid emphasis on nurturing and developing new types of agricultural businesses—a total of 1,265 leading enterprises in agriculture, specialized farmer’s cooperatives and home farms had been nurtured, including 71 leading enterprises in agriculture, 708 specialized farmer’s cooperatives and 486 home farms.

====刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====

推开合作社的大门，一个现代化的展示大厅赫然出现。你在这里看到了村民们种植的各种土特产：水稻、番薯、鸡蛋、腐竹、蜂蜜、线辣椒、走地鸡、狮头鹅等。事实上，农业生产充满了风险——只要某种产品出现过一次滞销，那么，农民一整年的辛苦就会全部白废。如何让农产品既能卖出去，又能卖出个好价钱？扶贫干部们给出的解决方案是——合作社将农户种植的绿色有机农产品进行收购后，再通过加工和包装，在网上销售，省去中间流通环节，让优质的农产品从田间地头直达消费者餐桌，让农民从“丰产不丰收”的魔圈中跳脱出来。

====覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====

你看到合作社门前田地模样很特别——每一块都用田埂分隔成长方形，且竖着大大的牌子。你凑近一看，上面写着“勤致智慧农业A区7号地”，而地里长着叶子油绿的生菜和卷心菜。原来，在这15亩的“智慧农业”项目中，种的都是消费者预定的蔬菜。你想起十多年前，“开心农场”的游戏风靡网络，成为那一代人的记忆。为了体验丰收带来的喜悦，不少玩家还起早贪黑，为菜园浇水、施肥、捉虫，甚至去偷菜。可惜，那种行为只能停留在虚拟世界。2019年11月11日，“智慧农业项目”在大化村正式启动——这是扶贫工作队与阿拉丁智慧创新实验室联合开发的交互平台，最终的目的是实现互联、控制和增收。城里人每月花一两百元就能拥有一块属于自己的菜地，既能让孩子学到农业知识，还能让家人吃上放心的绿色食品!据张立业书记介绍——平台通过集成传感器技术和无线控制技术，彻底实现了“实地实景”“可视可控”等创新效果。线上用户的播种、种菜、收获等全过程都能与线下商家的实际农田劳作相对应，让都市人能瞬间穿越到田园。用户通过手机可远程为农田浇水、施肥、除草、收割，并通过摄像头实时查看果蔬的生长情况。这种做法，还让农民避免了种好的菜没人买的风险，从农业从传统的种植模式中解放出来，让贫困户实现真正的脱贫致富。

The fields in front of the cooperative are very special - each one is separated by a ridge into a rectangle and a large sign is erected in it. Taking a close look you could see it says “Qinzhi Smart Agriculture A Zone No. 7”, and leafy green lettuce and cabbage are growing in the field. It turns out that all the vegetables in this 15-acres fields of “smart agriculture” project are planted with consumers’ orders. It recalls you that, more than a decade ago the game “Happy Farm” took the internet by storm and became a memory for that generation. In order to experience the joy of harvest, many players get up early and stay up late to water, fertilize and catch insects for the garden, they even steal vegetables from others. Unfortunately, that behavior can only stay in the virtual world. On November 11, 2019, “Smart Agriculture Project” was officially launched in Dahua Village - an interactive platform jointly developed by the Poverty Alleviation Task Force and the Aladdin Smart Innovation Lab, with the ultimate goal of interconnection, control and income generation. People living in city spend about a hundred yuan a month to have a piece of their own vegetable plot, not only to let children learn agricultural knowledge, but also to let the family eat safe and green food! According to Secretary Zhang Liye - through the integration of sensor technology and wireless control technology, the platform thoroughly realized the “field realistic” “visual control” and other innovative effects. The whole process of sowing, planting and harvesting for online users can correspond to the actual farming work of offline businesses, making the people living in city feel like being in the field personally. Users can remotely water, fertilize, weed, harvest and view the growth of fruits and vegetables in real time through the phone. This practice also allow farmers to avoid the risk of having no one to but the vegetables. It frees them from traditional farming model and allows poor households to achieve true poverty alleviation and prosperity.

====刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing ====

在那间普通的平房正门上，贴着“吉星高照”——这是孙贤在的家。虽然内里的空间不算大，但墙壁却刷得相当洁白。当上午10点的阳光从小窗投射进来后，整个房间璀璨而明亮。你注意到这间屋子和你在岭南乡村所见的屋子差不多，但就是那墙白得有些异常——好像昨天才刚刚粉刷过。然而，那石灰粉却并不均匀，有的地方深，有的浅。这屋子可谓“麻雀虽小五脏俱全”——客厅里摆放着木质沙发、木质高低床，而木桌上放着电视和电饭煲，墙上则挂着老式日历，房梁上挂着吊扇；卫生间虽然面积很小，但安装有洗手池和淋浴器；厨房的煤气灶上，是一口大锅。除了窗户稍显小之外，这间屋子和城里的楼房大同小异，没什么差别。

====鲁思 Lu Si ====

男主人看起来比实际年龄要年轻得多——虽然皮肤黧黑，但眼睑的轮廓却格外清晰，暗黑的瞳眸里闪闪发亮，嘴唇厚实而有弧度。他梳着三七开的分头，穿着件白色长袖衬衫和黑长裤。虽然在额头、眼角和脸颊处有些许皱纹，但整个面部刮得干干净净。最让你难忘的便是他的眼眸——那是典型的广东人之模样——深深地凹陷下去。虽然你在新疆时见惯了维吾尔族和哈萨克族的模样，但这个男人和这些少数民族的模样又有不同。等他开始讲述时，你听到了一股浓浓的粤味普通话。
原本，他应和村里人过着相似的生活——侍弄那几亩地，到了年底，将水稻和番薯卖出后可收入6000元左右。然而，这种生活模式却发生了意外。1987年，孙贤在结婚了，但他却没有发现老婆是个脑膜炎患者。虽然她看起来身量不高，但却是好手好脚的模样。婚后，做丈夫的才大吃一惊——妻子不仅经常头晕、头疼、发热、恶心，且还呕吐现象。到医院一检查，发现她早已患有脑膜炎。疾病让这个家的日子蒙上了一层雾霾——妻子既没有劳动能力，也无法干家务，故而里里外外的事都要丈夫一肩挑；而且，妻子长年看病吃药，还要支出一大笔费用。

The male owner looks younger, and although his skin is dark, his eyelids are well defined, his eyes sparkle, and his lips are thick and curved.His hair was parted in threes and sevens, and he wore a white long-sleeved shirt and black pants. Although there were some wrinkles on his forehead, eyes and cheeks, his entire face was clean. The most impressive thing was his eyes, which were typical of Cantonese people, with dimensional features.Although you are used to seeing Uighur and Kazakh looks when you were in Xinjiang, this man looks different again from these minorities. By the time he starts talking, you hear a strong whiff of Cantonese Mandarin.

Originally, he was supposed to live a similar life as the people in the village - farming, and at the end of the year, he could earn about 6,000 yuan after selling the rice and sweet potatoes. However, this life pattern took an unexpected turn. in 1987, Sun Xianzai got married, but he did not find out that his wife was a meningitis patient. Although she did not look high, but all intact. After the marriage, the husband was surprised - his wife not only often dizziness, headache, fever, nausea, and also vomiting phenomenon.When she went to the hospital, it was found that she had been suffering from meningitis for a long time. The illness made the family's life even more difficult - the wife was unable to work, nor could she do housework, so her husband had to do everything; moreover, she had to spend a lot of money on medication for years.

====陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====

在2016年时，当扶贫工作队在进行贫困户的调查时，发现老孙家的问题很大。男主人已不再年轻，无法胜任高强度的重体力劳动；妻子常年有病，无劳动能力；三个子女虽然都20多岁了，但情况不容乐观——儿子干的是不锈钢加工的活，每月能有3000收入；大女儿和小女儿干的都是销售，每月有2200元的收入。这些工作都是临时性的，所以他们的收入很不稳定。故而，孙贤在的家被核定为贫困户。在广东生活了十余年后，你知道做固定工作和打散工有很大区别——打散工的人，总要为找下一份工作而发愁。他们在生活中要精打细算才能活下去，很难存住钱；与固定工人相比，散工的工作日很少。在印度古吉拉特邦的一项调查发现——散工平均每年工作254天，而上班族为354天；同时，1/3的底层散工只工作137天。
针对他家的情况，扶贫干部们设计了特别的帮扶计划——鼓励子女们尽量能干一份稳定的工作，不仅能维持自己的生存，还能补贴点家用；老孙的年龄偏大，不适合干地里的活，但可以搞养殖。“饲养走地鸡是个不错的活，既不用耗费太大体力，又能有相当收入！”可老孙畏手畏脚：“卖不出去怎么办？”干部们给他打气：“你只管养，我们来帮你卖！”于是，老孙安下心来，搞起了走地鸡的养殖。果然，等200多只鸡养成后，干部们帮他联系销售，一只鸡能卖到100元，一年便能收入2万多元！三年下来，干部们已帮他销售了将近700只鸡呢！

====马明宇 Ma Mingyu====

除了卖鸡的收入外，因父亲和子女们都在工作，故而他家在2017年时获得“以奖代补”的奖励5000元，2018年时有8000元；再加上村里扶贫项目的分红1000元，县红色旅游项目的分红1400元，老孙积腋成裘，很快就甩掉了穷帽子。他的心里一直揣着个小梦想——将旧房子翻新一下。而现在，说干就干！现在，你看到的房子不仅墙壁雪白，不仅客厅和卧室铺了瓷砖，连卫生间的四壁都嵌上了瓷砖，而这些全部工程，才花费了1.3万元！看到你大吃一惊的模样，他指着墙壁说：“那些都是我自己买涂料自己刷的！”顿了顿，他补充道：“暗房子里住的都是发愁的人！”
陡然间，你被这句话给击中了——虽然这是一句相当普通的话，但却蕴含着岭南人所特有的机敏与幽默。他一定要粉刷房子，哪怕不专业，也要让墙白起来，因为，他不想发愁！显然，这栋簇新的屋子带给他的，是一种强烈的成就感！所以，当他在描述自己的生活时，态度显得那样积极。饲养走地鸡启动了一个良性循环，而在那最初的时刻，鼓励他不要害怕付出的声音显得尤为重要。

====彭琦 Peng Qi ====

礼扬腐竹厂是扶贫工作队引进广东礼扬农业科技公司的精准扶贫项目，采用“公司+村集体+农户”的新模式。截止2019年年底，汕尾供电局已累计拨付捐赠资金90万元用于该产业项目，而大化村委会已通过“保底分红”的方式参股，2018年年底收入首批分红15万元。这个厂于2018年年初正式投运，随即还举办了大豆机械化种植技术暨农业产业项目现场会。现在，腐竹厂年均产量10万余斤，提供公益性岗位约30个（主要给留守家庭妇女和贫困户，每年可收入2万多元）；同时还带动了村民们的黄豆种植、黑猪养殖等产业——有20余户贫困户每年种植黄豆60余亩；村民可将黄豆卖给腐竹厂，还可到厂里来上班，又可利用豆渣养鸡养猪；当厂里的分红汇入村集体账户后，又增强了村子的“造血能力”！

The Lai Yang beancurd factory is a targeted poverty alleviation project introduced by the poverty alleviation task force from Guangdong Lai Yang Agricultural Technology Company, adopting a new model of "company + village collective + farmers". By the end of 2019, the Shanwei Electricity Supply Bureau had allocated 900,000 yuan in donations for the industrial project, while the Dahua Village Committee had participated in the shares through a "guaranteed dividend", earning the first dividend of 150,000 yuan at the end of 2018. The factory was officially commissioned at the beginning of 2018, and a site meeting on soybean mechanization and agricultural industry projects was held immediately afterward. Now, the beancurd factory has an average annual output of more than 100,000 pounds and provides about 30 public service jobs (mainly for women and poor households left behind, who can earn more than 20,000 yuan per year); it also drives the villagers' soybean planting and black pig breeding industries - more than 20 poor households grow more than 60 acres of soybeans each year; villagers can sell their soybeans to the beancurd factories. The villagers can sell their soybeans to the bean factory, work in the factory and raise chickens and pigs with the bean dregs; when the dividends from the factory are remitted to the village collective account, the village's "blood-making capacity" is enhanced!

====漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====

事实上，制作腐竹是项技术活——将黄豆晒干、去壳、浸泡和磨浆后，要煮沸成浆水；再通过沉淀，让表面结出一层米黄色的腐皮；用手在腐皮的中间轻轻一拈，腐皮就被滴滴嗒嗒地拎了起来；沥干后的新鲜腐竹吊挂在竹竿上，形成一个个三角形的金色盾牌，散发出迷人的豆香；它们用力地吸收太阳的能量，让自己变得干爽，最终甚至有了饱经风霜的模样。目睹那吊挂在院子外一排排的腐竹时，你想起了在新疆的吐鲁番所见到的那一幕。在戈壁滩的深处，有一条雪水河从山谷里蜿蜒流过，在谷底两侧便形成了葡萄林。而在那些绿色植物的旁边，伫立着一些墙壁漏洞的屋子——那是专门用来晾晒葡萄的晾房。现在，你觉得腐竹和葡萄干都表皮发皱，有着异曲同工之妙。通过这两年的努力，“礼扬山泉腐竹”已荣获“汕尾市名牌农产品”称号，而这个厂也被评定为汕尾市农业龙头企业。
穿过狭窄的巷子，你来到了一片住宅区。只见一排排平房整齐地并列着，像一艘游轮上的客舱——每一间屋子的规模都差不多，看起来十分相似。孙后船的家位于临近街道的那一间——外墙贴了瓷砖，室内的地面也铺了瓷砖。正对着大门的是客厅，摆放着木质沙发、茶几、柜子和电视等，墙上挂着钟表、应急灯和红色的中国结；墙角立着个木佛龛，内里供着观音像。

====卿子晔 Qing Ziye====

42岁的孙后船像个运动员——身材矫健，动作灵敏。他穿着件灰色长袖T恤和蓝色牛仔裤，黑皮鞋擦得干干净净。他的模样显得十分可亲——那头乌发下是张洋溢着笑容的脸。看得出来，他是个性格爽朗而乐观的人。甚至，连他的声音都显得格外清脆——他说话的语速较之常人要快一点，且用词十分准确，还藏着一丝俏皮和诙谐，但又不失分寸。这个男人，如果不是因为左眼有残疾，实在是个俊朗而讨人喜欢的人。然而，命运对他却显现出了异常寻常的残酷性——因为左侧眼皮耷拉着，所以，在他左眼周围的肌肉都有些扭曲。于是，他的面孔呈现出一种古怪的效果——左侧丑陋而狰狞，右脸却英武而俊俏。然而，他却有一具和肉身不配套的灵魂——那样乐观！那样充满活力！绝不轻易言输！这种状态让你也感到欢欣——也许肉体的缺陷并不吓人，而人们若是对自己毫无期待，那才是真正的吓人。

====仇绪 Qiu Xu====

“我刚出生的时候是能看见的！”他用强烈的口气陈述着这个事实。然后，他捋了捋情绪，开始讲述自己的前半生。出生4个月后，他的左眼突然失去了光明，眼皮亦塌陷了下来；而就是在这个时刻，他的母亲因病撒手人寰。一只眼睛失明和丧母，都发生在他还是个婴儿的时期，这是怎样痛心的惨烈之事！他是如何度过童年的，他并没有太多谈及，而是略略地一笔带过，可是，你只要稍微用心地想一想，就会觉得这男孩是在挣扎中活下来的。他的父亲既要忍受中年丧妻的打击，又要担负起抚养残疾婴儿的的责任，一定会心情郁闷无比狂躁吧？
7岁时，父亲和另一个村的女人结了婚后，自己也去了那个村。临行前，父亲将他过继给了大伯。初中没毕业，他便开始下地劳动。很快，他就对地里的各项活计都十分谙熟。等他长成一个青年时，大伯张罗着给他娶媳妇。和妻子结婚时，他并不知道她有病。事实上，这个女子和他的情况恰好相反——虽然她好手好脚，面孔端正，走路吃饭都没有问题，但她的脑袋却像电脑主板会经常短路般，一下子就黑屏了。虽然已生了两个儿子，但妻子的精神一直处于时好时坏的状态。清醒时，她像一个正常人；犯病时，她像是被恶魔附体，不仅大吼大叫，还会奋力打人。若是做丈夫的挨上几下拳脚倒也罢了，只是有时，妻子会在半夜里暴揍孩子。每一次，当他已睡得十分深沉时，听到哭嚎声如雷声炸裂，便赶忙跳起来。现在，妻子一个人睡一间卧室，而他和两个儿子一起睡。他摇摇头：“没办法！怕孩子挨打啊！”

====全永慧 Quan Yonghui ====

这个家似乎已落入了“疾病陷阱”——丈夫残疾，妻子精神有病，两个孩子都未成年。家里的全部开销，靠丈夫一人种地所得。他是无法出门打工的，他有自知之明：“我这个样子是不能出门的，但我可以把所有的气力都放在地里面！”他发狠地种了十几亩地，每天都早出晚归地耕作，但是日子过得依旧很是艰辛。别的男人在外面劳动后，回到家可以吃上老婆做的热饭，可他却享不了那个福。回到家，他还得挽起袖子做饭。在干完家务活之余，他还要照看年幼的两个儿子和年长的大伯。你惊诧万分！在这样的高压生活下，他居然没有半点戾气，反而爽朗乐观，真是奇迹！
如果没有残疾补助，没有助学补助，这个家的日子一定会非常困难。然而，当政府提供给这个家一把“梯子”后，他们便从可怕的“贫困陷阱”中慢慢地爬了上来。现在，他家一年有3000多元的残疾补助；全家每月有900元的低保补助；13岁的大儿子在上小学，一年有3000元生活补助。这些钱在城里人看来不算多，但却能维持这个岭南乡村之家的日常生活。最为难得的是，虽然孙后船被核定为“无劳动能力的贫困户”，但他却身残志坚，决不让生命白白荒废。当扶贫干部们看到他比那些好手好脚的人还爱干活时，便将村里的一些公益工作——锄草、搞卫生、清洁水渠等——都让他来干，让他挣点零用钱。

====疏珊 Shu Shan====

他的小儿子才3岁，有着一头软软的黑发，两只眼睛又黑又亮，小巧的嘴巴很是红润，甚为机灵可爱。这孩子在灰毛衣外套了件黑色马甲，下身是蓝色牛仔裤和运动鞋，和城里孩子的衣着并无二般。当父亲要去地里干活时，总会央求邻居帮忙照看一下孩子；有时邻居有事，他便带着儿子去下地。孩子既聪明又懂事，甚至学会了挖地！在父亲的手机视频里，你看到那个小孩举着个小锄头，正认真地朝地上砍去。他的样子那样认真，绝对是在帮助父亲，而不是在玩游戏！这个小男孩，原本应在幼儿园小班里学拼音，可现在，却像个勤劳的农民般举起锄头。他手脚并用，腰杆挺直，真心实意地要给爸爸帮忙。你看着那视频直发笑，可笑着笑着，总觉得眼角发酸发涩。唉！命运对这家人如此苛刻，可他们却从未抱怨，反而坦然接受，并尽力适应与改变。这些最平常普通的人，就像那些田野里的泥土，毫不起眼，但却是撑起整个世界的基石。他们应该过上更好的生活！他们配得上更好的生活！

====王芳玲 Wang Fangling====

落日照耀着毗邻南海的这片原野。当汽车将河流、田地、农舍和树木都抛在后面时，落日并没有抛弃它们，它依旧照耀着那蜿蜒的小溪，那积水的池塘，那被杂草簇拥的香蕉林。黄昏的水面像一团烈火，在燃烧着最后一道光束。落日让小村变得像宽银幕电影，像一个乌托邦世界，像一副绚烂至极的油画。你喜欢目光所及的这些景致，更喜欢生活在景致里的这些人——他们如这田野般淳朴而厚实。
在县城的夜晚，你整理着采访笔记，思忖着这一路的所见所闻。显然，海丰县的乡村产业发展已取得了一定成效——全县形成了六大农业产业基地，培育了一批农业新型经营主体，打造了一些农业品牌，在脱贫攻坚和乡村振兴中起到很大作用，但依旧存在着问题。

The sunset shines on the field by the south sea. While rivers, fields, farmhouses and trees are left behind car, the sunset still shines on the winding streams, waterlogged ponds and banana groves swarmed by weeds. The water at dusk was like a blazing fire, burning the last beam of light. The sunset makes the village a widescreen movie, like a utopian world and a gorgeous painting. You like the scenery as far as you can see, and you like the people who live in the scenery - they are as simple and thick as the fields. At night in the county, you organized your interview notes, pondering what you had seen and heard along the way. Apparently, the development of rural industries in Haifeng County has made some achievements - the county has formed six major agricultural industry bases, cultivated a number of new agricultural business entities and created some agricultural brands, which have played a great role in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, but there are still problems.

The sunset shines on the field by the south sea. While rivers, fields, farmhouses and trees are left behind car, the sunset still shines on the winding streams, waterlogged ponds and banana groves swarmed by weeds. The water at dusk was like a blazing fire, burning the last beam of light. The sunset makes the village a widescreen movie, like a utopian world and a gorgeous painting. You enjoy the scenery as far as you can see, and you like the people who live in the scenery - they are as simple and thick as the fields. At night, you organized your interview notes, pondering what you had seen and heard along the way. Apparently, the development of rural industries in Haifeng County has yielded some results - the county has formed six major agricultural industry bases, cultivated a batch of new agricultural business entities and created few agricultural brands, which have played a significant role in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization though there still exist some issues.

====王纪龙 Wang Jilong====

首先，县里目前还是品牌少、效益不高，处于“有产业无效益、有主体无规模、有产品无名牌”的现状——全县的主导产业以粮食为主，经济效益不高，而规模体量大、产业链条长、科技含量高、带动能力强、就业门路多的产业项目，尚在培育之中；其次，新型经营主体的数量虽超过千家，但规模普遍不大，带动能力不强——虽然拥有100多个“三品一标一名牌”，但名牌效应并没有真正地拓展开，市场竞争力也不算强；再次，乡村人才支撑不充分——随着新型城镇化进程的加快，农民群众洗脚上田，致使乡村人才流失严重，返乡创业的氛围不浓，留守劳动力多以妇女和年老体弱者为主，文化素养和技术能力都不能适应现代农村发展的要求。凡此种种，都亟需海丰在未来的时日里得以解决。

First of all, the county is still haunted with issues like few brands and low benefits, and is in the situation of "business without benefits, industry without scale, product without brand" - the leading industry in the county is food production and its economic benefits are not high, while the industrial projects with large scale, long industrial chain, high scientific and technological content, strong driving ability, and many employment opportunities are still under cultivation; Secondly, although the number of new business entities exceeds 1000, the scale is generally small and the driving capacity is not powerful - although there are more than 100 campanies of "three products, one standard and one brand", the brand effect has not really expanded and the market competitiveness is not strong; Thirdly, the reserve of rural talents is insufficient - with the acceleration of the new urbanization process, the farmers have washed their feet and left the fields, resulting in a serious loss of rural talents. The atmosphere of returning to their hometown for entrepreneurship is not exuberant. The left behind labor force is mainly women, the elderly and the infirm, and cultural literacy and technical ability cannot meet the requirements of modern rural development. All these things need to be solved by Haifeng in the future.

Lingnan Englisch 5

2022-12-20T08:22:07Z

Liu Tingting: /* 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting */

== Part 29 ==

====白婷 Bai Ting====

白山村

就像每种不同的花在不同的季节开放一样，城镇的中心区域都带着这个地方成长的年代痕迹，彰显着它曾发展的最高程度以及衰败的过程。现在，你所到达的是公平镇，可谓大名鼎鼎——“千年公平古墟，粤东山区第一墟”。这个位于海丰县东北部的城镇，曾是交通要道和贸易中心。早在唐朝，这里就成为山海货物集散、商贾云集之地。这里的墟市以交易公道而著称，故而得名“公平”。在那个时候，镇里已形成每种商品均到其划定名称的街市进行交易的传统——譬如茶街、鱼街、布街、糖街、牛市、猪市、青果行、山货行等。商业的繁荣让这个镇自古便兴文重教，民风淳朴，民俗文化丰富多彩。已故民俗学泰斗钟敬文先生，就出生在这里。你在曾在县城的超市里购买过赫赫有名的“公平牛肉脯”——吃起来唇齿留香，韧劲十足，很有嚼头。这种牛肉脯的制法是祖传的：选用鲜牛肉，加上天然香料和白糖、大蒜、胡椒、汾酒等制作而成。

====蔡思 Cai Si====

你一直忘不了那条道路——从县城通往公平镇的那条柏油路——像是一条绿色的隧道。因为岭南的阳光强烈而顽固，令道路旁的次生灌木林闪烁着深绿与焦黄夹杂的色调。这种粘稠的色调更像是某种矿物的色调，而非是植物的色调。也许，热带不是一个以味道为基础打造出来的世界，而是一个以颜色为基础铸造起来的世界。在这个炽烈的地方，各种绚丽的颜色充满魅惑之力，令人类的瞳孔大张到极致都看不完，看不透，看不全。是的！你总是禁不住感慨——自然在热带的岭南并没有被完全征服，反而彰显着独属于它的尊严。现在，你所目睹到的这条道路像是被施了魔法，搁浅在时间的河床中——没有水泥房，没有广告牌，没有霓虹灯——完全属于异次元空间。

====陈婧 Chen Jing====

进入镇区，喧嚣扑面而来。街道两边的建筑物因岁月而显得黯淡，墙体上还吊挂着雨痕。然而，当那些鳞次栉比的巨幅服装广告，和一座座厂房与洋楼交替出现后，让你在热浪滚滚中体会
到了久违的熟稔——在东莞的各个镇区，充斥着这种工业化的味道。显然，公平镇此刻的模样，是由悠久的历史和当下的经济联合塑造而成的。现在，在这个区域面积100多平方公里的小镇上，拥有100多家各类服装企业，还有与服装配套的辅料、拉链、制线、包装等企业20多家，算得上粤东地区最大的服装专业镇。这里的服装以广州为营销中心，销往全国各地，还通过边贸销售到俄罗斯、东南亚、中东等地，外单产品占比很大。然而最终，公平镇的服装产业因各种原因，没能像东莞市的虎门镇那样，成为全世界瞩目的“服装之都”。

====陈淑敏 Chen Shumin====

就像你数次到达联安镇一样，这个镇，你也来过几次。你曾到这个镇，为拜访周凤的故居。作为彭湃的母亲，周凤的一生充满传奇色彩。她出生在公平镇下辖小村的普通农家，从小就深谙穷人之艰辛，所以当她生下彭湃后，总是教育儿子不要看不起农民，在孩子幼小的心田上播种下一颗善良的种子。周凤故居已无人居住，仅存一栋外墙发黑的平房。推开大门，内里是个窄小的庭院，在正屋的两侧，缀着两间耳房。三间屋子内都空空荡荡，只有正屋的墙上挂着周凤的画像——那个穿着黑棉袄的老奶奶，正慈祥地微笑着。那间屋子并没有展示出你预期的戏剧性——当主人已离开后，它只是一个空壳。屋子周围环绕着竹林和榕树，十分安静。从远处传来几声狗吠，显得格外响亮。这是岭南最普通的一个小村。谁能想到，从这里嫁出去的那个女子，会养育出那样的一个儿子；而那个儿子，曾以一把烈火烧掉田契，以惊世骇俗的姿态被写进人类发展史。

====陈思阳 Chen Siyang====

穿过镇中心，你来到了白山村。一股清新怡人的气息铺面而来——四周铺展着大片大片的田野，彰显着浓烈的黄绿色。由于地处边远，交通不便，生产方式迥异，乡村世界构筑起了一个完整而封闭的农业族群。村里人的生活与城里人完全不同——他们一直保留着一种古老的传统，维持着一种神秘的平衡。据白山村扶贫队长、第一书记陈路波介绍：白山村有近3000人，共489户，而其中，因先天残疾、后天患病、没有劳动能力等各类原因，致使88户被核定为贫困户，共313人。在这里的扶贫工作队队员，来自深圳龙岗区坪地街道办事处、龙岗区安监局。当扶贫干部来到村里后，先是走进贫困户的家中，和人们促膝谈心，摸清他们致贫的原因，再进行精准扶贫、结对帮扶。

====陈彦希 Chen Yanxi====

扶贫干部将所有无劳动能力的贫困户人口纳入社会保障，全部实现政策性保障兜底脱贫；而对那些有劳动能力的贫困户，则激发起他们的内在动力，鼓励他们发挥革命老区艰苦奋斗的精神，通过种地、打工或其他方式努力脱贫，不能万事都倚靠政府。
陈路波书记介绍说，在工作队到来之前，白山村的很多村民都是用瓦缸盛水的，而现在，每一户村民的家里都通上了自来水。你才了解，原来不仅在白山村，甚至整个海丰县城，自然村集中供水覆盖率已达到99.66%, 其中，37个省定贫困村内20户以上的所有自然村18个已实现集中供水覆盖；同时，县里还对卫生站的建设也十分重视。海丰县除了7个空壳村无需建设卫生站外，其余196个村的卫生站中，完成建设并投入使用的有73间，全面完成建设的有114间，完成主体建设的有9间。

====丁粤 Ding Yue====

事实上，能喝到纯净的水和能及时就医，对村民是非常重要的。根据2008年世界卫生组织和联合国儿童基金会的数据，约13%的世界人口缺乏改进的水源（通常指自来水和水井），而约1/4的人口没有可用的安全饮用水，其中有很多都是穷人。专家们一致认为，家用自来水和卫生设施会给健康带来很大影响，它可以让婴儿的死亡率大大降低，且能使同期死亡率总体减少近一半。虽然改善水资源是一个非常日常的问题，但也是启动了长期社会变革的一次机会——当人们可以健康地生活时，便会大大减少坠入“疾病陷阱”的可能性，籍此而启动一种良性循环。

====付静 Fu Jing====

村里有条名叫“大浦洋”的村道，原本是条坑坑洼洼的泥土路，而现在，已被修整成一条平坦的水泥路。陈路波书记说，经过村道硬底化建设工程后，村民们再也不用担心下雨时会弄脏鞋袜。现在，你看到了白山村公共服务中心——精准扶贫基建项目——那是一栋姜黄色的三层小楼，有着棕红色屋顶。这栋楼房也已成为村里的标志性建筑。站在服务中心门前，只见一条条柏油路辐射开来，向着村子的各处延伸而去。以前，村里的夜晚是漆黑漆黑的，而现在，当一排排路灯竖立起来后，整个夜晚都变得亮堂起来。当路灯照耀着服务中心对面的篮球场时，那个空间显得格外阔气——湖蓝色的地面配上紫色的篮球架，衬托出白色篮板的秀美。白天时，来这里打球的年轻人很多；而在篮球场旁的那些运动器械上，总能看到老人家们在忙着转动腰肢。以前,村民们喜欢在晚饭后打麻将或喝酒，而现在，人们都忙着锻炼身体。

There is a country road called "Dapuyang" in the village, which was originally a bumpy dirt road, but now it has been improved into a smooth concrete road. Secretary Chen Lubo said that after the construction project of hard-bottomed roads, villagers would no longer have to worry about dirty shoes and socks in rainy days. Now, in front of you is the Public Service Center of Baishan Village as well as the Targeted Poverty Alleviation Infrastructure Project, which is a ginger three-story building with a brown-red roof. The building has also become a landmark in the village. In front of the service center, a series of asphalt roads radiate away, extending to all parts of the village. The village was dark at night before, but now, when rows of street lamps have been erected, the village becomes bright at night. When the street lights shine on the basketball court opposite to the service center, the space looks particularly wide-the aqua blue floor with purple basketball stands setting off the beauty of white rebounds. During the day, many young people come here to play basketball; On the sports equipment beside the basketball court, you can always see old people busy turning their waists. In the past, villagers liked to play mahjong or drink wine after dinner, but now people are busy exercising.

====高燕 Gao Yan====

张淑尔的家也是一栋独立的新砖房。站在门口的她，正在向你挥手。虽然你只是个偶尔到访的客人，但她却依旧热情四溢。35岁的她有着一张银盘大脸，眉毛浓黑，睫毛翻翘。除了遮住鼻孔、嘴唇和下巴的口罩外，她的面部看着十分标致动人。她的体型微胖，在黑色T恤衫外套了件粉红色毛衣开衫，下身穿着条牛仔裤。她的屋子是新建的，所以外墙的瓷砖显得格外簇新。进入屋内，你大吃一惊，像是进入到一个英国贵族家庭——纯白色的欧式家具，姜黄色的丝绸窗帘，大彩电和大冰箱，开放式厨房，整洁的卫生间……显然，这个家的主人更青睐西式家俬，更强调现代品位，和此前所见的大部分家庭都不一样。她有三个孩子，分别是6岁、8岁和10岁，在读小学一年级、三年级和四年级。那个摆在鞋柜上的头盔，便是母亲骑摩托车去接孩子上下学时用的。

====关娜 Guan Na====

当年，她从隔壁村嫁到白山村后，和丈夫相亲相爱，日子过得欣欣向荣。丈夫郑建生常年在外地打工，家里的事全靠女主人打理——那两亩地虽然每年只能收入2000元，可她却舍不得荒掉；再加上照顾孩子们的日常生活和学习，她每天都忙得团团转。丈夫会裁剪，原来在镇上的服装厂打工，每月可挣个3000多元。但是，这几年服装行业整体衰落，他便到广州去打工。虽然工资比原来多了点，但回家的次数却越来越少——有时半年回来一次，有时只能春节时回来一次。

====郝天钰 Hao Tianyu====

谁能想到，一场突如其来的巨变陡然降临到这个家。2015年，正在炒菜的女主人被泄露的煤气所伤，不得不住院治疗。大火将她烧得简直面目全非——双手完全变形，手背上布满大小深坑，整个面部全然发焦。在住院的一个多月时间里，她做了面部、手部和大腿的植皮手术。之后，她的手掌因萎缩而变小，表皮发白，指缝间粘连，活动起来很不自由；她的下巴处变得皱巴巴，像火山熔岩的碎片拼贴起来。如果她没有戴口罩，那么她的脸便由鼻梁处开始分界——上半部让人看着欣喜，下半部让人看着惊骇。所以，如果要出门或者见客，她总会把口罩戴上。

====侯永芬 Hou Yongfen====

那场突如其来的事故让这个家庭耗费了30多万元——因为有些进口药不能报销，所以有7成的医药费是自己付的。听说她发生的不幸之事，很多朋友通过微信里的朋友圈为她募捐，令她大
为感动。现在，当她说起这些往事时，眉眼间带着微笑，语调相当轻松。她有一双非常迷人的眼睛，闪着宝石般的晶光，令你不得不聚精会神地聆听下去。当她试图要强调某个地方时，会在那里稍微停顿一下。然而，她却并没有让自己陷入哽咽境地。没有。她很快便从悲伤的叙述中解脱了出来。

====胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi ====

得病后，张淑尔不仅被肉身的疼痛所侵袭，精神上也遭遇了巨大打击——眼瞅着三个孩子都要上学，可生活费怎么办？正当她陷入愁苦之地时，一项政策令她欣喜无比——通过对贫困户的助学补助，每个上小学的孩子每年能获得3000元生活补助。她掰着指头算了算：有了这一年9000元的补助，便能解决孩子们的吃饭、穿衣、买学习用品等问题，实在是雪中送炭。事实上，助学补助可以让家长们摆脱极度贫困的状态，拓宽他们的思想空间，让他们拥有更长远的人生观——教育必须现在就投入。培养下一代，让他们身心健康且受过良好的教育，无论是从短期还是长期的角度看，都非常有助于消除贫穷。童年时期在营养上的少量投入，对孩子在以后的成长会产生很大影响。现在，当这位母亲能为孩子购买牛奶、鸡蛋、肉类及蔬菜时，她便能让孩子在童年时就吸收到充足营养，这样不仅会减少他们患病的概率，且能拥有健康的体魄。当这些孩子长大成年后，能够挣到更多的钱，能够带动这个家庭走出“贫穷陷阱”，防止贫穷的代际传播。一项针对美国南部及几个拉丁美洲国家抗疟活动的研究表明，与患过疟疾的儿童相比，未患过疟疾的儿童长大后每年的收入要多50%。

====任嫚嫚 Ren Manman====

除了助学补助外，张淑尔还有残疾补助——每月300多元；她家还申请了低保——每月1000多元。有了这些补助托底，加上地里的收入和丈夫的打工收入，这个家已经像加了油的发动机，开始轰隆隆地转了起来。这栋新房子是2018年盖起来的，花费的20多万中有一半的钱是借来的，而国家补助的4万元简直是雪中送炭。“老房子是瓦房，总是滴滴答答地漏水，里面又暗又潮。”现在，张淑尔每天骑摩托车接送孩子们去上学。当她的手抓住车把时，总显得颤颤巍巍。可是，她是母亲啊！一咬牙，她浑身都充满了地母般的力量，就那样把摩托车开了出去！现在，当她做任何一件事时，都需要付出比一般人多几倍的努力才能达到。然而，她却不愿等、靠、要，而愿意努力地去干活。当她拿出手机展示孩子们的照片时，眼神璀璨得像黑丝绒上的宝石。经历了那样一场大劫难，可在她的身上，一点都没有看破红尘、茫然若失、怨恨诅咒，反而充满了诚挚和热情。现在，她以无比的耐心和耐力，平静地接受着命运给予她的不公。不，她并不想把生活变成嚎啕的哭墙，而想把它变成旋转的舞台。

Apart from education subsidies, Zhang Shu’er has been offered disability subsidies with 300-plus yuan per month; She also applied for the subsistence allowances with more than 1000 yuan every month. Thanks to these subsidies, together with farmland gains and her husband’s income as a laborer, the family got to rumble just like a fueling engineer. The new house built in 2018, cost over 200,000 yuan, half of which was borrowed from someone else.Under such a situation, the national grants of 40,000 yuan are literally timely assistance. In the past, she lived in a tile-roofed house which was always dripping by a pitapat. It was dark and damp inside. But now, Zhang Shu’er picks up her children for school by motorbike every day. She always seemingly trembles as she grabs the handlebar. Yet, she is a mother! On gritting her teeth, she is full of strength all over her body so that makes the motorbike move forward. Now, no matter what things she does, she needs to pay several times more efforts to achieve it than ordinary people. However, she is unwilling to wait, depend on others, and get something from others , but willing to work hard. When she pulled out her phone to show pictures of her children, her eyes shone like jewels on the black velvet. Despite such a great disaster experience, in her body, we did not find any trace of seeing through the emptiness of the material world, losing herself in a reverie, resentment and curse, but full of sincere and enthusiasm. Now, with great patience and endurance, she calmly accepted the injustice that fate had given her. No, she didn't want life to be a wailing wall, but a spinning stage.

====黄舒威 Huang Shuwei====

当你来到这栋簇新的砖房门前时，根本不能相信这是贫困户的家。这栋屋子的外墙上嵌着瓷砖，敦实地扎在地面上，显得簇新至极。48岁的张炳辉是这栋屋子的男主人。这是个身量适中的男子，皮肤黝黑，脸庞秀气，目光沉静。虽然他的前额上已有了些皱纹，且发际线很高，但看起来他还是很年轻，皮肤既没有粗糙松弛，也没有严重下垂——这应和他长期从事体力劳动有关。若单看他的服饰，你会觉得他和你目光所及的别人没什么差别——黑白相间的T恤外是黑夹克衫，下身是黑长裤，然而，他却赤脚穿着双拖鞋。十年前，你刚到岭南时，看到有人在冬日赤脚穿拖鞋总感觉浑身不自在，而现在，你早已适应与习惯了岭南人的这种装束。

====姜雨露 Jiang Yulu====

显然，他是个有条有理的人，因为他的家收拾得实在是利落至极——不止是砖房外镶嵌着瓷砖，在客厅的内部也铺了地砖，而木质的沙发和茶几擦拭得干干净净，厨房里的锅碗瓢盆，摆放得整整齐齐。在屋外的篱笆里，他还养了四五只鸡，各个毛发艳丽，气宇轩昂。站在门口朝外看去，侧旁的那栋破旧泥土屋便显得格外扎眼——那屋子又矮又黑，简直像一触即碎、岌岌可危。而那栋屋子，就是他曾经的老屋。你知道海丰毗邻南海，经常会遭到超强台风的袭击。若长久地居住在这样的老房中，是非常危险的事情——暴雨狂泻会引发内涝，让堤坝决口；河水会淹没农田，也会冲倒农舍。而热带的暴雨和西北的毛毛雨完全不同——那雨根本不是一条条线垂直落下，而是一堆堆钢珠一股脑泼洒而下。这样的雨不会因为云团的离开而停止，因为这里已凝聚了太多的湿气，需咆哮许久才能释放完。粗暴的台风会将行人吹走，树木吹倒，屋宇吹塌。

====蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun====

张炳辉实在想盖栋新房子，这念头在他脑海里存在了不止一两年，可他总是困于手上现钱太少而放弃。2018年，趁着国家有危房改造的补助，他咬着牙建起了这栋新房。总投资20多万的费用里，除自己的多年积蓄外，他还问亲友们借了点钱，再加上国家补助的4万元，最终将这栋簇新屋宇建造起来。对农民而言，盖起一栋房子不仅仅是立起了一栋四方形建筑物，而且还塑造了一个有形的家——新房子不仅看起来赏心悦目，还是一种自信和实力的表现。现在，这家人住在这栋整洁的屋子里——客厅里摆着电视和冰箱，厨房里有自来水，卫生间可淋浴——和城市的楼房并无二般。住进这样的房子后，人们会自觉地保持屋子的整洁，而且还提升了自信心。有自来水的厨房和可以淋浴的卫生间，让农民的生活更加卫生，减少了疾病产生的可能性。孩子们若在这样的居住环境中长大，便能拥有更好的生活。

====李鸿 Li Hong====

张炳辉说起话来时，语调沉稳而缓慢。他有三个孩子——大女儿已中专毕业，二女儿还在读大学，而小儿子在读中专。现在，他正处于人到中年的尴尬阶段——孩子们都未能独立，而他和老婆的身体又一天天在走下坡路。家里的两大开支明晃晃地摆在那里——除了日常的生活费，还有孩子们的学费。而他和妻子辛苦一年的收入，在交付完这些费用后，也便所剩无几。显然，令整个家致贫的原因并非男主人不聪明、不勤奋、不努力。他感慨道：“现在种地实在不容易！人口多，耕地少，又缺水！”1984年，村里进行联产承包责任制时，他家只分得了4亩多地。后来，家里的人越来越多，兄弟们便只好再次分地。最终，他只分得了一亩多地，而且水田少，旱地多。因为缺水，以前一年可种两季稻，现在只能种一季。他和妻子在地里忙碌一年，收入甚微，但若彻底放弃，又总觉不甘心——地是农民的根本之所在；离了地，好像人没有了灵魂。然而，种地的收入又入不敷出，故而地变成了鸡肋，食之无味，弃之可惜。

====李佳珺 Li Jiajun====

在地里再怎么捯饬，都不可能折腾出更多的钱来，可家里的开销却一样都减不了。为补贴家用，他便到镇上的服装厂去打工。他干的是车工，工资以计件来计算——活多的时候，他一个月能挣上个两三千，而但活少的时候，就一分也没得挣。老婆除了料理家务和照顾孩子外，还利用空闲去厂里做杂工，干些剪线头之类的活计，能挣一点是一点。在服装厂已打了20多年的工，他完全算得上是个熟练工。如果公平镇的服装产业能一直延续上世纪80年代的红火，他家的日子也不会一下子落入窘境。这几年，服装市场整体不景气，外单订货量大幅减少，这些和国内原材料成本上涨，劳动力成本优势减弱等都有关系。没有订单，工厂就不开工；工厂不开工，工人就没钱赚。现在，失业后的张炳辉处境尴尬——这个时候想转行，实在是困难！应该学点什么呢？让他把在服装厂学到的技能忘得一干二净，再去学别的技能，并不是一件容易的事；可是，若让他去建筑工地之类的地方干活，他已不再年轻，无法和别人拼体力。如今，这对夫妻即便胼手抵足地忙碌，日子还是紧巴巴。

====李可依 Li Keyi====

然而，办法总比困难多！2016年之后，原本陷入忧郁的张炳辉，一下子变得开朗起来：“种地！种地！种地！”原来，在国家的扶贫政策中，有一项是“以奖代补”——贫困户无论是种地或打工，在年底都会按比例进行奖励。开始，他在心里还有些犯嘀咕——真的会奖励吗？扶贫工作队给贫困户免费发放袁隆平培育的杂交水稻品种，且发动贫困户连片种植超级水稻，。在种植前，扶贫工作队还对贫困户进行专门的技术培训。2017年，当张炳辉领到4000元的补助后，心里暖洋洋的，浑身舒坦！自己的地自己种，种了后收成是自己的，国家还能补助这么多钱，这是多么好的事！于是，他和妻子商量着来年要多种一点地，妻子忙不迭地点头同意。到2018年年底时，他领到了7000元的补助。对这个家来说，这些补助真是春风化雨，来到正是时候。此刻，是这对夫妻最为艰难的时段——若再熬几年，孩子们毕业后都工作了，他家的日子便会真正地好起来。

====李玮瑶 Li Weiyao====

陈路波书记说：“村里有不少像张炳辉这样积极就业的贫困户。从2016年到2019年，村里发放的“以奖代补”奖金有100多万元，这对贫困户来说是实实在在的帮助。”他还说：“针对白山村村集体经济较为薄弱的状况，龙岗区财政注资200万元，入股建设海龙投资大厦项目，以确保村集体每年不低于10万元的分红；此外，还将66户有劳动能力的贫困户组织起来，每户投资2万元，入股海丰县的红色旅游项目，每户每年可分红1400元；又投入20万元，委托镇政府统筹公平镇的产业扶贫项目，每年不低于8%的收益分红。”为了推动传统农业由粗放型向集约型转变，扶贫工作队还帮助村里成立了合作社，筹集资金购买了一台耙田机、一台挖掘机，并将村民生产的优质农产品销往深圳等地，让村民增加收入。

====李心田 Li Xintian====

长日将尽，暮色四合。离开白山村后，车子又驶出了公平镇。乡村小道旁的低矮山峦，渐渐地隐退到车窗后面，只剩下一道道蓝紫色的轮廓。你的眼前消失了平缓的田野，也消失窄窄的乡道、戴草帽的农人、亮着灯的屋舍。当你离开这些景色时，好像离开了一片古老的大地。你突然意识到，你那样喜欢乡村生活，原因是因为你长久地居住在城市中。事实上，出现在你眼里的乡村，是和城市进行比对后的乡村，而这种景致在农民眼里，会呈现出另一种意义。对农民来说。乡村不仅代表家园、家族和根系，还代表缓慢、滞重和禁锢。为了能获得丰收，他们便不得不适应各种约束，所以，他们比你更了解孤寂与单调的滋味。

====李彦 Li Yan====

在穿过了一片又一片的幽黑地带后，前方出现了密集的灯光——县城到了！夜幕下的海丰城像个大集市，到处都闪烁着霓虹灯，涌动着喧嚣的车流，拥挤着熙攘的人群。忙碌了一天，人们在大排档喝碗麻鱼粥后再归家。虽然已是12月底，但习习的夜风却显得格外舒爽。你思忖——城市代表着人类文明最复杂、最精纯的面貌。在如此之小的面积上，却集中了如此之多的人口，令城市像一个热烘烘的大熔炉。城市如此广袤，任何人都可在这里过上隐姓埋名的生活，而不为邻居所知。对城市人来说，每个人都是单独的个体，都局限在自己的家庭和职业中，而不与周围的环境发生密切联系。

====李梓玉 Li Ziyu====

与此相反，每一个村庄都貌似一个单独的小宇宙，但生活其中的人们却紧密地相互勾连着。人们在乡村的生活虽然缓慢，但古老的传统并没有完全解体，依旧存在着强大的影响。在乡村，人们彼此看着长大，知根知底。任何一个陌生人的到来，都会被村民即刻辨认出来。春耕、夏耘、秋收、冬藏——村庄的时间谱系和城市完全不同。村庄的时间要聆听天空和泥土的讯息，而城市的时间，却被路灯和空调所掌握。村庄里的万事万物——农舍、庄稼、祠堂和各种礼仪，都经过了许多世纪的演化，已达到了某种完美而和谐的境地；而城市还像个少年，处于正在发育的阶段。村庄的表面看起来像一个迷宫，但内部却有着清晰的规则，就像那些铺展在大地上的农田，虽然每一片的结构都各不相同，但许多块田地拼凑在一起，却能形成一件完美的百纳衣。

== Part 30 ==

====梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu====

大化村

赤坑镇位于县城的东南部，此镇名字的由来源于大革命时期，这里是赤卫队活动的中心。为纪念赤卫队对人民的赤胆忠心，故而将这里定名为“赤坑镇”。你要到达的大化村，是汕尾供电局对口扶贫的一个村。你发现乡间小路上车辆甚少，而在每一条小路之后都有另一条小路等待着，这些路看上去并没什么差别。窗外的景色是岭南的隆冬，却更像西北的初秋。树木好像在奔跑，而草丛在阳光的炙烤下，呈现出一片黄红色。每隔一段时间，就会有一座村庄豁然出现，展示出一幅岭南乡村水墨画——低矮的农舍，小块的农田，蜿蜒的河流，戴草帽的农人。

====廖璐佳 Liao Lujia====

你终于来到了大化村。驻村队长、第一书记张立业是个身量适中、五官分明的中年男子，鼻梁上架着眼镜，脸上浮现着温和的笑容。原本，他是名供电局的干部，如今，却被村民们亲切地称为“草帽书记”。当你跟着他行走在村子内部时，看到这里田野舒朗，树木苍翠，巷道干净，广场开阔，一排排路灯像士兵般伫立。张书记笑着说：“村里以前可不是这个模样。”据他介绍，大化村是广东省的省定贫困村，不仅位置偏远，且基础设施落后。扶贫工作队先后筹集资金95万元，不仅修建了交通水利等基础设施，解决了河溪沟渠淤积堵塞、臭不可闻、时常泛滥的问题，还完成了村内雨污分流的问题，又对村前人行道进行了改造，并对村外立面进行了粉刷，拆除了老旧电线杆，改造了62盏路灯，安装了太阳能路灯22枚，这才让整个村庄的面貌焕然一新。工作队还协助发动乡绅乡贤捐款，筹集资金近140万，完成了中山文化广场的建设。

====刘丛领 Liu Congling====

大化村共有700多户，其中的103户为贫困户，而有劳动能力的贫困户有71户。从2016年至2019年，扶贫工作队为村里筹集各项资金约750万元，大大推动了村里的经济发展。三年内，扶贫工作队共申请政府危房改造补助资金120多万元，完成危房改造40户；2018年获得大病救助贫困户人员34人，获得医保报销资金100多万。截至2018年，贫困户人均可支配收入达9500多元，基本解决了“两不愁三保障”及饮水安全问题。到2019年年底，所有的贫困户已全部脱贫。
以前的大化村不仅经济力量薄弱，且产业结构单一——蔬菜种植和家禽养殖处于零星状态，而水稻农田则抛荒很多，基本没什么像样的产业。现在，村里的经济呈现出“百花齐放、满园争妍”的状态。扶贫工作队因地制宜打造“一村一品”，促成了海丰勤致合作社、智慧农场、礼扬腐竹生产基地投资、袁隆平水稻等40多个项目的诞生。自2016年以来，扶贫工作队先后为贫困户购买袁隆平杂交水稻种子，共免费发放稻种2000多斤；通过与专业农业公司达成协议，为农户提供技术指导培训，拓宽村民“稳粮增收”的渠道；引导村民种植甜瓜、番茄等经济作物，协助农户饲养、销售特色产品，譬如走地鸡、散养黑猪等，激发农户的内生动力。

====刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu====

在主干道旁岔出了条沙石小路，路旁挺立着一棵硕大的榕树，树干繁密遒劲，树叶浑圆招摇。树旁的那栋姜黄色小楼，看着十分簇新，为乡野景致增添了几分现代气息。那熠熠闪光的牌匾——“海丰县勤致种养专业合作社”——是2019年11月挂起来的。看到“合作社”三字，你变得兴致盎然。这个词你并不陌生——早在上世纪80年代，你就已经知道了它。现在，它又回来了！曾经的合作社是农民的一条阳光大道；如今，它的内涵已发生了变化——它不再是旧事物，而成为新模式。过去的合作社是计划经济体制下的集体经济，如今的合作社，是社会主义市场经济体制下的个体经济。现在，合作社像连心桥而不是独木桥，把一盘散沙的农民们组织起来，让大家抱团取暖，协作发展，而不是等、靠、要。

====刘婷婷 Liu Tingting====

事实上，这个农业合作社是海丰县708个合作社中的一个。原来，海丰县一直在大力推进现代农业的发展。县里非常重视产业园区建设——县里将发展重点聚焦在优质稻、蔬菜、水果、茶叶、畜禽、水产养殖这六大生产基地，投入资金22804万元打造海丰蔬菜省级现代农业产业园，建成了智慧农业云平台、蔬菜雾化栽培科技园、蔬菜植物工厂等科技含量较高的现代农业设施，促使现代蔬菜生产体系、经营体系逐步完善；海丰县还投入1400万元，推进“一村一品、一镇一业”的发展——组织各镇（场）积极申报镇级特色农业产业，抓好招商引资，优化发展环境，通过龙头企业带动，结合当地优势，形成特色产业带和优势带，着力打造好海丰蔬菜、黄羌金针菜、联安有机米、公平花生、坑口芋头等一批特色品牌；海丰县注重培育发展新型农业经营主体——累计培育了1265家农业龙头企业、农
民专业合作社、家庭农场等新型农业经营主体，其中农业龙头企业71个，农民专业合作社708个，家庭农场486个。

As a matter of fact, it was one of 708 cooperatives in Hai Feng County. It turned out that it had been making great efforts to develop modern agriculture. The County valued the construction of industrial parks mostly—it put the key of development on six production bases of high-quality rice, vegetables, fruits, tea-leaves, livestock and poultry and aquaculture, invested 228.04 billion yuan in Hai Feng modern agricultural and industrial park of vegetables in provincial level, and equipped with some modern agricultural facilities, such as smart agricultural cloud platform, science and technology park of vegetable atomization planting, and vegetable plant factory, which prompted modern vegetable production and operation system to be developed gradually. Besides, Hai Feng County also put 14 million yuan on the development of “a village with a featured brand and a town with a specialty industry”—organized each town to declare project of featured agriculture and industry in town level with positiveness, seized every chance to attract investments and optimized business environment. Through the drive of leading enterprises and the combination with local advantages, a characteristic industrial belt and an advantageous belt could be formed, aiming to build featured brands of Hai Feng vegetables, Huang Qiang day lily, Lian An organic rice, Gong ping peanuts, and Keng Tou sweet potatoes. It also laid emphasis on nurturing and developing new types of agricultural businesses—a total of 1,265 leading enterprises in agriculture, specialized farmer’s cooperatives and home farms had been nurtured, including 71 leading enterprises in agriculture, 708 specialized farmer’s cooperatives and 486 home farms.

====刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin====

推开合作社的大门，一个现代化的展示大厅赫然出现。你在这里看到了村民们种植的各种土特产：水稻、番薯、鸡蛋、腐竹、蜂蜜、线辣椒、走地鸡、狮头鹅等。事实上，农业生产充满了风险——只要某种产品出现过一次滞销，那么，农民一整年的辛苦就会全部白废。如何让农产品既能卖出去，又能卖出个好价钱？扶贫干部们给出的解决方案是——合作社将农户种植的绿色有机农产品进行收购后，再通过加工和包装，在网上销售，省去中间流通环节，让优质的农产品从田间地头直达消费者餐桌，让农民从“丰产不丰收”的魔圈中跳脱出来。

====覃诗雅 Qin Shiya====

你看到合作社门前田地模样很特别——每一块都用田埂分隔成长方形，且竖着大大的牌子。你凑近一看，上面写着“勤致智慧农业A区7号地”，而地里长着叶子油绿的生菜和卷心菜。原来，在这15亩的“智慧农业”项目中，种的都是消费者预定的蔬菜。你想起十多年前，“开心农场”的游戏风靡网络，成为那一代人的记忆。为了体验丰收带来的喜悦，不少玩家还起早贪黑，为菜园浇水、施肥、捉虫，甚至去偷菜。可惜，那种行为只能停留在虚拟世界。2019年11月11日，“智慧农业项目”在大化村正式启动——这是扶贫工作队与阿拉丁智慧创新实验室联合开发的交互平台，最终的目的是实现互联、控制和增收。城里人每月花一两百元就能拥有一块属于自己的菜地，既能让孩子学到农业知识，还能让家人吃上放心的绿色食品!据张立业书记介绍——平台通过集成传感器技术和无线控制技术，彻底实现了“实地实景”“可视可控”等创新效果。线上用户的播种、种菜、收获等全过程都能与线下商家的实际农田劳作相对应，让都市人能瞬间穿越到田园。用户通过手机可远程为农田浇水、施肥、除草、收割，并通过摄像头实时查看果蔬的生长情况。这种做法，还让农民避免了种好的菜没人买的风险，从农业从传统的种植模式中解放出来，让贫困户实现真正的脱贫致富。

====刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing ====

在那间普通的平房正门上，贴着“吉星高照”——这是孙贤在的家。虽然内里的空间不算大，但墙壁却刷得相当洁白。当上午10点的阳光从小窗投射进来后，整个房间璀璨而明亮。你注意到这间屋子和你在岭南乡村所见的屋子差不多，但就是那墙白得有些异常——好像昨天才刚刚粉刷过。然而，那石灰粉却并不均匀，有的地方深，有的浅。这屋子可谓“麻雀虽小五脏俱全”——客厅里摆放着木质沙发、木质高低床，而木桌上放着电视和电饭煲，墙上则挂着老式日历，房梁上挂着吊扇；卫生间虽然面积很小，但安装有洗手池和淋浴器；厨房的煤气灶上，是一口大锅。除了窗户稍显小之外，这间屋子和城里的楼房大同小异，没什么差别。

====鲁思 Lu Si ====

男主人看起来比实际年龄要年轻得多——虽然皮肤黧黑，但眼睑的轮廓却格外清晰，暗黑的瞳眸里闪闪发亮，嘴唇厚实而有弧度。他梳着三七开的分头，穿着件白色长袖衬衫和黑长裤。虽然在额头、眼角和脸颊处有些许皱纹，但整个面部刮得干干净净。最让你难忘的便是他的眼眸——那是典型的广东人之模样——深深地凹陷下去。虽然你在新疆时见惯了维吾尔族和哈萨克族的模样，但这个男人和这些少数民族的模样又有不同。等他开始讲述时，你听到了一股浓浓的粤味普通话。
原本，他应和村里人过着相似的生活——侍弄那几亩地，到了年底，将水稻和番薯卖出后可收入6000元左右。然而，这种生活模式却发生了意外。1987年，孙贤在结婚了，但他却没有发现老婆是个脑膜炎患者。虽然她看起来身量不高，但却是好手好脚的模样。婚后，做丈夫的才大吃一惊——妻子不仅经常头晕、头疼、发热、恶心，且还呕吐现象。到医院一检查，发现她早已患有脑膜炎。疾病让这个家的日子蒙上了一层雾霾——妻子既没有劳动能力，也无法干家务，故而里里外外的事都要丈夫一肩挑；而且，妻子长年看病吃药，还要支出一大笔费用。

====陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin====

在2016年时，当扶贫工作队在进行贫困户的调查时，发现老孙家的问题很大。男主人已不再年轻，无法胜任高强度的重体力劳动；妻子常年有病，无劳动能力；三个子女虽然都20多岁了，但情况不容乐观——儿子干的是不锈钢加工的活，每月能有3000收入；大女儿和小女儿干的都是销售，每月有2200元的收入。这些工作都是临时性的，所以他们的收入很不稳定。故而，孙贤在的家被核定为贫困户。在广东生活了十余年后，你知道做固定工作和打散工有很大区别——打散工的人，总要为找下一份工作而发愁。他们在生活中要精打细算才能活下去，很难存住钱；与固定工人相比，散工的工作日很少。在印度古吉拉特邦的一项调查发现——散工平均每年工作254天，而上班族为354天；同时，1/3的底层散工只工作137天。
针对他家的情况，扶贫干部们设计了特别的帮扶计划——鼓励子女们尽量能干一份稳定的工作，不仅能维持自己的生存，还能补贴点家用；老孙的年龄偏大，不适合干地里的活，但可以搞养殖。“饲养走地鸡是个不错的活，既不用耗费太大体力，又能有相当收入！”可老孙畏手畏脚：“卖不出去怎么办？”干部们给他打气：“你只管养，我们来帮你卖！”于是，老孙安下心来，搞起了走地鸡的养殖。果然，等200多只鸡养成后，干部们帮他联系销售，一只鸡能卖到100元，一年便能收入2万多元！三年下来，干部们已帮他销售了将近700只鸡呢！

====马明宇 Ma Mingyu====

除了卖鸡的收入外，因父亲和子女们都在工作，故而他家在2017年时获得“以奖代补”的奖励5000元，2018年时有8000元；再加上村里扶贫项目的分红1000元，县红色旅游项目的分红1400元，老孙积腋成裘，很快就甩掉了穷帽子。他的心里一直揣着个小梦想——将旧房子翻新一下。而现在，说干就干！现在，你看到的房子不仅墙壁雪白，不仅客厅和卧室铺了瓷砖，连卫生间的四壁都嵌上了瓷砖，而这些全部工程，才花费了1.3万元！看到你大吃一惊的模样，他指着墙壁说：“那些都是我自己买涂料自己刷的！”顿了顿，他补充道：“暗房子里住的都是发愁的人！”
陡然间，你被这句话给击中了——虽然这是一句相当普通的话，但却蕴含着岭南人所特有的机敏与幽默。他一定要粉刷房子，哪怕不专业，也要让墙白起来，因为，他不想发愁！显然，这栋簇新的屋子带给他的，是一种强烈的成就感！所以，当他在描述自己的生活时，态度显得那样积极。饲养走地鸡启动了一个良性循环，而在那最初的时刻，鼓励他不要害怕付出的声音显得尤为重要。

====彭琦 Peng Qi ====

礼扬腐竹厂是扶贫工作队引进广东礼扬农业科技公司的精准扶贫项目，采用“公司+村集体+农户”的新模式。截止2019年年底，汕尾供电局已累计拨付捐赠资金90万元用于该产业项目，而大化村委会已通过“保底分红”的方式参股，2018年年底收入首批分红15万元。这个厂于2018年年初正式投运，随即还举办了大豆机械化种植技术暨农业产业项目现场会。现在，腐竹厂年均产量10万余斤，提供公益性岗位约30个（主要给留守家庭妇女和贫困户，每年可收入2万多元）；同时还带动了村民们的黄豆种植、黑猪养殖等产业——有20余户贫困户每年种植黄豆60余亩；村民可将黄豆卖给腐竹厂，还可到厂里来上班，又可利用豆渣养鸡养猪；当厂里的分红汇入村集体账户后，又增强了村子的“造血能力”！

The Lai Yang beancurd factory is a targeted poverty alleviation project introduced by the poverty alleviation task force from Guangdong Lai Yang Agricultural Technology Company, adopting a new model of "company + village collective + farmers". By the end of 2019, the Shanwei Electricity Supply Bureau had allocated 900,000 yuan in donations for the industrial project, while the Dahua Village Committee had participated in the shares through a "guaranteed dividend", earning the first dividend of 150,000 yuan at the end of 2018. The factory was officially commissioned at the beginning of 2018, and a site meeting on soybean mechanization and agricultural industry projects was held immediately afterward. Now, the beancurd factory has an average annual output of more than 100,000 pounds and provides about 30 public service jobs (mainly for women and poor households left behind, who can earn more than 20,000 yuan per year); it also drives the villagers' soybean planting and black pig breeding industries - more than 20 poor households grow more than 60 acres of soybeans each year; villagers can sell their soybeans to the beancurd factories. The villagers can sell their soybeans to the bean factory, work in the factory and raise chickens and pigs with the bean dregs; when the dividends from the factory are remitted to the village collective account, the village's "blood-making capacity" is enhanced!

====漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin====

事实上，制作腐竹是项技术活——将黄豆晒干、去壳、浸泡和磨浆后，要煮沸成浆水；再通过沉淀，让表面结出一层米黄色的腐皮；用手在腐皮的中间轻轻一拈，腐皮就被滴滴嗒嗒地拎了起来；沥干后的新鲜腐竹吊挂在竹竿上，形成一个个三角形的金色盾牌，散发出迷人的豆香；它们用力地吸收太阳的能量，让自己变得干爽，最终甚至有了饱经风霜的模样。目睹那吊挂在院子外一排排的腐竹时，你想起了在新疆的吐鲁番所见到的那一幕。在戈壁滩的深处，有一条雪水河从山谷里蜿蜒流过，在谷底两侧便形成了葡萄林。而在那些绿色植物的旁边，伫立着一些墙壁漏洞的屋子——那是专门用来晾晒葡萄的晾房。现在，你觉得腐竹和葡萄干都表皮发皱，有着异曲同工之妙。通过这两年的努力，“礼扬山泉腐竹”已荣获“汕尾市名牌农产品”称号，而这个厂也被评定为汕尾市农业龙头企业。
穿过狭窄的巷子，你来到了一片住宅区。只见一排排平房整齐地并列着，像一艘游轮上的客舱——每一间屋子的规模都差不多，看起来十分相似。孙后船的家位于临近街道的那一间——外墙贴了瓷砖，室内的地面也铺了瓷砖。正对着大门的是客厅，摆放着木质沙发、茶几、柜子和电视等，墙上挂着钟表、应急灯和红色的中国结；墙角立着个木佛龛，内里供着观音像。

====卿子晔 Qing Ziye====

42岁的孙后船像个运动员——身材矫健，动作灵敏。他穿着件灰色长袖T恤和蓝色牛仔裤，黑皮鞋擦得干干净净。他的模样显得十分可亲——那头乌发下是张洋溢着笑容的脸。看得出来，他是个性格爽朗而乐观的人。甚至，连他的声音都显得格外清脆——他说话的语速较之常人要快一点，且用词十分准确，还藏着一丝俏皮和诙谐，但又不失分寸。这个男人，如果不是因为左眼有残疾，实在是个俊朗而讨人喜欢的人。然而，命运对他却显现出了异常寻常的残酷性——因为左侧眼皮耷拉着，所以，在他左眼周围的肌肉都有些扭曲。于是，他的面孔呈现出一种古怪的效果——左侧丑陋而狰狞，右脸却英武而俊俏。然而，他却有一具和肉身不配套的灵魂——那样乐观！那样充满活力！绝不轻易言输！这种状态让你也感到欢欣——也许肉体的缺陷并不吓人，而人们若是对自己毫无期待，那才是真正的吓人。

====仇绪 Qiu Xu====

“我刚出生的时候是能看见的！”他用强烈的口气陈述着这个事实。然后，他捋了捋情绪，开始讲述自己的前半生。出生4个月后，他的左眼突然失去了光明，眼皮亦塌陷了下来；而就是在这个时刻，他的母亲因病撒手人寰。一只眼睛失明和丧母，都发生在他还是个婴儿的时期，这是怎样痛心的惨烈之事！他是如何度过童年的，他并没有太多谈及，而是略略地一笔带过，可是，你只要稍微用心地想一想，就会觉得这男孩是在挣扎中活下来的。他的父亲既要忍受中年丧妻的打击，又要担负起抚养残疾婴儿的的责任，一定会心情郁闷无比狂躁吧？
7岁时，父亲和另一个村的女人结了婚后，自己也去了那个村。临行前，父亲将他过继给了大伯。初中没毕业，他便开始下地劳动。很快，他就对地里的各项活计都十分谙熟。等他长成一个青年时，大伯张罗着给他娶媳妇。和妻子结婚时，他并不知道她有病。事实上，这个女子和他的情况恰好相反——虽然她好手好脚，面孔端正，走路吃饭都没有问题，但她的脑袋却像电脑主板会经常短路般，一下子就黑屏了。虽然已生了两个儿子，但妻子的精神一直处于时好时坏的状态。清醒时，她像一个正常人；犯病时，她像是被恶魔附体，不仅大吼大叫，还会奋力打人。若是做丈夫的挨上几下拳脚倒也罢了，只是有时，妻子会在半夜里暴揍孩子。每一次，当他已睡得十分深沉时，听到哭嚎声如雷声炸裂，便赶忙跳起来。现在，妻子一个人睡一间卧室，而他和两个儿子一起睡。他摇摇头：“没办法！怕孩子挨打啊！”

====全永慧 Quan Yonghui ====

这个家似乎已落入了“疾病陷阱”——丈夫残疾，妻子精神有病，两个孩子都未成年。家里的全部开销，靠丈夫一人种地所得。他是无法出门打工的，他有自知之明：“我这个样子是不能出门的，但我可以把所有的气力都放在地里面！”他发狠地种了十几亩地，每天都早出晚归地耕作，但是日子过得依旧很是艰辛。别的男人在外面劳动后，回到家可以吃上老婆做的热饭，可他却享不了那个福。回到家，他还得挽起袖子做饭。在干完家务活之余，他还要照看年幼的两个儿子和年长的大伯。你惊诧万分！在这样的高压生活下，他居然没有半点戾气，反而爽朗乐观，真是奇迹！
如果没有残疾补助，没有助学补助，这个家的日子一定会非常困难。然而，当政府提供给这个家一把“梯子”后，他们便从可怕的“贫困陷阱”中慢慢地爬了上来。现在，他家一年有3000多元的残疾补助；全家每月有900元的低保补助；13岁的大儿子在上小学，一年有3000元生活补助。这些钱在城里人看来不算多，但却能维持这个岭南乡村之家的日常生活。最为难得的是，虽然孙后船被核定为“无劳动能力的贫困户”，但他却身残志坚，决不让生命白白荒废。当扶贫干部们看到他比那些好手好脚的人还爱干活时，便将村里的一些公益工作——锄草、搞卫生、清洁水渠等——都让他来干，让他挣点零用钱。

====疏珊 Shu Shan====

他的小儿子才3岁，有着一头软软的黑发，两只眼睛又黑又亮，小巧的嘴巴很是红润，甚为机灵可爱。这孩子在灰毛衣外套了件黑色马甲，下身是蓝色牛仔裤和运动鞋，和城里孩子的衣着并无二般。当父亲要去地里干活时，总会央求邻居帮忙照看一下孩子；有时邻居有事，他便带着儿子去下地。孩子既聪明又懂事，甚至学会了挖地！在父亲的手机视频里，你看到那个小孩举着个小锄头，正认真地朝地上砍去。他的样子那样认真，绝对是在帮助父亲，而不是在玩游戏！这个小男孩，原本应在幼儿园小班里学拼音，可现在，却像个勤劳的农民般举起锄头。他手脚并用，腰杆挺直，真心实意地要给爸爸帮忙。你看着那视频直发笑，可笑着笑着，总觉得眼角发酸发涩。唉！命运对这家人如此苛刻，可他们却从未抱怨，反而坦然接受，并尽力适应与改变。这些最平常普通的人，就像那些田野里的泥土，毫不起眼，但却是撑起整个世界的基石。他们应该过上更好的生活！他们配得上更好的生活！

====王芳玲 Wang Fangling====

落日照耀着毗邻南海的这片原野。当汽车将河流、田地、农舍和树木都抛在后面时，落日并没有抛弃它们，它依旧照耀着那蜿蜒的小溪，那积水的池塘，那被杂草簇拥的香蕉林。黄昏的水面像一团烈火，在燃烧着最后一道光束。落日让小村变得像宽银幕电影，像一个乌托邦世界，像一副绚烂至极的油画。你喜欢目光所及的这些景致，更喜欢生活在景致里的这些人——他们如这田野般淳朴而厚实。
在县城的夜晚，你整理着采访笔记，思忖着这一路的所见所闻。显然，海丰县的乡村产业发展已取得了一定成效——全县形成了六大农业产业基地，培育了一批农业新型经营主体，打造了一些农业品牌，在脱贫攻坚和乡村振兴中起到很大作用，但依旧存在着问题。

The sunset shines on the field by the south sea. While rivers, fields, farmhouses and trees are left behind car, the sunset still shines on the winding streams, waterlogged ponds and banana groves swarmed by weeds. The water at dusk was like a blazing fire, burning the last beam of light. The sunset makes the village a widescreen movie, like a utopian world and a gorgeous painting. You like the scenery as far as you can see, and you like the people who live in the scenery - they are as simple and thick as the fields. At night in the county, you organized your interview notes, pondering what you had seen and heard along the way. Apparently, the development of rural industries in Haifeng County has made some achievements - the county has formed six major agricultural industry bases, cultivated a number of new agricultural business entities and created some agricultural brands, which have played a great role in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, but there are still problems.

====王纪龙 Wang Jilong====

首先，县里目前还是品牌少、效益不高，处于“有产业无效益、有主体无规模、有产品无名牌”的现状——全县的主导产业以粮食为主，经济效益不高，而规模体量大、产业链条长、科技含量高、带动能力强、就业门路多的产业项目，尚在培育之中；其次，新型经营主体的数量虽超过千家，但规模普遍不大，带动能力不强——虽然拥有100多个“三品一标一名牌”，但名牌效应并没有真正地拓展开，市场竞争力也不算强；再次，乡村人才支撑不充分——随着新型城镇化进程的加快，农民群众洗脚上田，致使乡村人才流失严重，返乡创业的氛围不浓，留守劳动力多以妇女和年老体弱者为主，文化素养和技术能力都不能适应现代农村发展的要求。凡此种种，都亟需海丰在未来的时日里得以解决。

20221231 LangCult 4

2022-12-15T11:58:17Z

Liu Tingting: /* Applications of Chinese 24 Solar Terms */

20221231 LangCult

2022-12-15T11:56:22Z

Liu Tingting: /* Tips for writing your final exam paper: How to indicate your references */

Back to course homepage [[Chinese_Language_and_Culture_Fall_2022]].

'''This is the final exam paper overview page.'''

Every student needs to find a topic, which is not in the textbook and has not been presented in class. Please check your topics in regard of this. All topics are ok except for those with red marks. Please suggest a new topic instead and wait for the teacher to remove the red marks.

=Tips to write your paper=
1. Every student should write a new English text '''not longer than 1,000 words''' on a phenomenon in Chinese culture as a new chapter in the text book. Please write the English topic both, behind your name on the bottom of this page and on the subpage [[20221231_LangCult_1]], [[20221231_LangCult_2]] etc. of the final exam subpage where you actually write your paper.

2. Please find a paper you want to proof read, contact the author, proof read (by copying each paragraph and make corrections/suggestions in the copy) . Please proof read a fellow students' paper by copying each paragraph and make your corrections in the paragraph. In a final step, the original author of the paper has to decide, what of the corrections he/she will accept and work into the paper. The final version submitted on the deadline should not carry any of the fellow student's paragraphs and comments.

*You can use the texts in the coursebook as an example (like Unit 1, Text A). You only need to write Text A (like "Longevity Noodles") or Text B ("Mooncakes"), not a whole Unit. But please try to find fellow students who topics fit under the same Unit title ("Festival Meals") and arrange it accordingly.
*In the topic, please write the category, then the topic - your name and student no.
*For the text, please indicate ALL SOURCES with bibliographical references. That means: At least for every paragraph, sometimes for single sentences, you have to indicate at the end, where you have found this information. E.g. (Liu Miqing 2010, 17). This means you have found it in the book or paper written by Ms Liu on page 17.
*Add a section at the end called "References".
*Please also add a list "Terms and Expressions".
*Please add a "Questions" section.
*Please add a "Answers" section.
*Please use at least 3 English sources and 2 Chinese sources
*Please make sure to indicate after each paragraph the literature you refer to, e.g. (Wang 2021:324) or (Peterson 2020:12). Of course all of this literature needs to be indicated in detail in the References section in both English and Chinese. (So English literature needs to be indicated together with a Chinese translation of the bok title and the other way round.)

==Tips for writing your final exam paper: How to indicate your references==
*You can use the existing book chapters here as an example.
*Please write the text and indicate ALL SOURCES with bibliographical references. That means: At least for every paragraph, sometimes for single sentences, you have to indicate at the end, where you have found this information. E.g. (Liu Miqing 2010, 17). This means you have found it in the book or paper written by Ms Liu on page 17. And then, you need to add a section at the end called "References". There you write the full version of the reference: Liu Miqing 刘宓庆. (2010). ''翻译基础'' [Translation Basis]. Shanghai: East China Normal University 华东师范大学. Similarly, you do it for papers: Jin Wenlu 靳文璐. (2019). 机器翻译可以取代人工翻译吗? [Can machine translation replace human translation?]. ''智库时代'' Think Tank Times (40) 282-284.
*Do '''not''' write any references like in one of the sample chapters:

[1] dsalkfkdsa

[2] adsfadsfag

But only the following way:

(Liu Miqing 2010, 17) in the text

and then

'''References'''
*Jin Wenlu 靳文璐. (2019). 机器翻译可以取代人工翻译吗? [Can machine translation replace human translation?]. ''智库时代'' Think Tank Times (40) 282-284.
*Liu Miqing 刘宓庆. (2010). ''翻译基础'' [Translation Basis]. Shanghai: East China Normal University 华东师范大学.

Also, please avoid using the three apostrophes like ' ' ' (without spaces). Use the equal signs to mark headers and subheaders instead. If your paper topic has two equal signs at the beginning and end of your topic, then use three equal signs for your sub headers. Example (without spaces):
= = Topic = =
< c e n t e r > Student Name, Student no. < / c e n t e r >
= = = Abstract = = =
This chapter is on ....
= = = Key Words = = =
Egg, Hen
= = = 题目 = = =
= = = 摘要 = = =
= = = 关键词 = = =
= = = Introduction = = =
Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under ''References''.
= = = The Egg = = =
Bla, bla, bla
= = = The Hen = = =
Bla, bla, bla
= = = Conclusion = = =
Bla, bla, bla
= = = References = = =
Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. ''Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona'' Muenster: LIT
= = = Terms and Expressions = = =
Egg 鸡蛋
.
Hen 鸡
= = = Questions = = =
1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)
.
A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.
.
2. ...
.
3. ...
.
4. ...
.
= = = Answers = = =
Correct answers are:
.
1. C
.
2. ...
.
3. ...
.
4. ...

[[Media:Example.ogg]]=This is the final exam paper website overview=

<nowiki>Insert non-formatted text here</nowiki>==Please write your topic here first. Only if it is not marked '''red''' by the teacher, you can start to write your paper on your respective sub page, you will find the link to your group on the bottom of this webpage

202270081625 白婷 Bai Ting 英语笔译(English translation) Facial Makeup in Peking Opera This topic is already in our textbook please change the topic 

202270081703 蔡思 Cai Si 日语笔译(Japanese translation) Walking on the Stilts

202270081627 陈婧 Chen Jing 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Surnames Good choice

202270081628 陈淑敏 Chen Shumin 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Ancient Hairdress Good choice

202270081629 陈思阳 Chen Siyang 英语笔译(English translation) Evolution history of ancient Bridges in China Good choice

202270081683 陈彦希 Chen Yanxi 英语口译(English interpretation) Online Shopping Culture in China Good choice. Please mention that online shopping culture was invented in the US and imported to China. Then you can describe how it has developed here.

202270081630 陈烨 Chen Ye 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Dumpling Culture Good choice

202270081631 丁粤 Ding Yue 英语笔译(English translation) The Development of the Talent Selection System in Ancient China (except from keju) Good choice

202270081632 付静 Fu Jing 英语笔译(English translation) Language taboos in ancient China Good choice

202270081633 高燕 Gao Yan 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081634 关娜 Guan Na 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081685 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu 英语口译(English interpretation)

202270081704 何茉 He Mo 日语笔译(Japanese translation)

202270081708 贺沛 He Pei 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)

202270081686 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen 英语口译(English interpretation) The popularity of Chinese Han clothing （Hanfu）among young people This topic is already taken by another student. 1 can write it, the other needs to pick a new topic.

202270081687 胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi 英语口译(English interpretation) Taboos in Chinese Culture Good choice

202270081688 黄安安 Huang Anan 英语口译(English interpretation) Chinese Funeral Etiquette Culture Good choice

202270081689 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei 英语口译(English interpretation)

202270081635 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081636 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun 英语笔译(English translation) Modern Applications of Traditional Chinese Color Good choice

202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation) The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times Good choice

202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese nuptial tradition of bride price Good choice

202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)

202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation) Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example Good choice

202270081639 李心田 Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings Good choice

202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)

202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation) Chinese Traditional Philosophy Thought from Yi-ology Good choice

202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Rural Education Good choice

202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation) Traditional Chinese Religions and Chinese People’s Religious Outlook

202270081643 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements in Animation Good choice

202270081644 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting 英语笔译(English translation) The Comparison of Chinese and Western Dream Interpretation Theory

202270081693 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin 英语口译(English interpretation)

202270081645 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 英语笔译(English translation) The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China Good choice.

202270081694 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing 英语口译(English interpretation)

202270081710 鲁思 Lu Si 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation) Evolution and Characteristics of Ancient Currency in ChinaGood choice

202270081711 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation) Chinese Etiquette Culture This topic is already in our textbook please change the topic. Or you can make it more specific: Which etiquette? Eating etiquette?

202270081705 马明宇 Ma Mingyu 日语笔译(Japanese translation) The development of Chinese Animation

202270081646 彭琦 Peng Qi 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081647 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081651 覃诗雅 Qin Shiya 英语笔译(English translation) Leisure Culture in Ancient China - The Example of Shangsi Festival Good choice

202270081648 卿子晔 Qing Ziye 英语笔译(English translation) The History of Children's Literature in China Since 1920

202270081684 仇绪 Qiu Xu 英语口译(English interpretation)

202270081649 全永慧 Quan Yonghui 英语笔译(English translation) The Theory of Yin and Yang in TCM Good choice

202270081650 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman 英语笔译(English translation) The Women's Clothing in Tang Dynasty Good choice

202270081695 疏珊 Shu Shan 英语口译(English interpretation) Chinese Mythology in Tao Te Ching Good choice

202270081696 王芳玲 Wang Fangling 英语口译(English interpretation) Chinese Hanfu and its Influence on Modern Fashion This topic is already taken by another student. But if you only concentrate on "traces of Hanfu in modern fashion" it could work

202270081652 王纪龙 Wang Jilong 英语笔译(English translation) The Culture of Chinese Filial Piety

202270081697 王露 Wang Lu 英语口译(English interpretation) The Chinese Knot

202270081653 王琪 Wang Qi 英语笔译(English translation) The Shadow Play in China This topic is already chosen by a different student. Please negotiate with the other student. Only 1 can write about this. The other student needs to find a new topic.

202270081706 汪世博 Wang Shibo 日语笔译(Japanese translation) The Phenomenon of Student Confucian Rituals and the Reasons Behind It Good choice

202270081654 王雅姝 Wang Yashu 英语笔译(English translation) Swear Words in Ancient China Good choice

202270081655 王植碧 Wang Zhibi 英语笔译(English translation) Post-editing of Machine translation Good choice

202270081656 王智灵 Wang Zhiling 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Ink and Wash Please explain: What is "wash"?

202270081698 吴博涵 Wu Bohan 英语口译(English interpretation) Ancient Chinese Wisdom in Water Conservancy Projects Good choice.

202270081659 伍超穎 Wu Chaoying 英语笔译(English translation) Lavish Burials in Chinese Funeral Culture Good choice

202270081658 吴敏 Wu Min 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Double Reduction Policy This topic is already in our textbook please change the topic. Please check exactly if Gongfu has been explained. Maybe only Wuxia, Shaoling Wushu etc. Then you can still write about it

202270081657 巫佳琳 Wu Jialin 英语笔译(English translation) The entertainment culture in Changsha City Good choice

202270081707 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli 日语笔译(Japanese translation)The reason why Chinese online novels go overseas - represented by the WebNovel Good choice

202270081660 席书涵 Xi Shuhan 英语笔译(English translation) Lying Flat Culture in China Good choice

202270081661 夏盼 Xia Pan 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081699 夏依颐 Xia Yiyi 英语口译(English interpretation) The Changes in Women's Clothing in China Since 1840 Good choice

202270081662 夏紫纯 Xia Zichun 英语笔译(English translation) The Application of the New Four Inventions, which were imported from the US to China and further developed in China, and its Role in the Global Dissemination of Chinese Culture Good choice

202270081663 向明慧 Xiang Minghui 英语笔译(English translation) Modern Applications of Traditional Chinese Medicine Good choice. Since we already have TCM in our textbook, please explain me what "modern" applications there are. If it persuades me, you can stick with this topic.

202270081664 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081665 肖娜 Xiao Na 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Festival: Double Ninth Festival Good choice.

202270081666 肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Yellow River Valley Civilization Good choice

202270081667 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Liuqing-style Bamboo Carving Good choice

202270081668 谢茜敏 Xie Ximin 英语笔译(English translation) Suzhou Pingtan Good choice

202270081669 谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou 英语笔译(English translation) The development of Chinese hip-pop culture Good choice

202270081670 谢紫佳 Xie Zijia 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Mystery Novels Good choice

202270081671 熊丹 Xiong Dan 英语笔译(English translation) Comparison of Chinese and western food culture under the background of “Chinese Culture Exporting’ Good choice

202270081700 徐思禹 Xu Siyu 英语口译(English interpretation) An Introduction of Er ren zhuan in Northeast China Good choice

202270081672 颜琦 Yan Qi 英语笔译(English translation) The Development of the Imperial Examination System in Ancient ChinaThis topic is already in our textbook please change the topic 

202270081673 杨思吟 Yang Siyin 英语笔译(English translation) TCM as a treatment for Long COVID Good choice

202270081674 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081712 余海铭 Yu Haiming 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation) Chinese minority costume culture Good choice

202270081626 曾晨 Zeng Chen 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081675 张海珊 Zhang Haishan 英语笔译(English translation) Warfare in Ancient China Good choice.

202270081676 张珂珂 Zhang Keke 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Noodles Culture Good choice

202270081677 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Opera CultureThis topic is already in our textbook please change the topic 

202270081678 张思诗 Zhang Sishi 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081679 张婷 Zhang Ting 英语笔译(English translation) Live streaming culture in contemporary China Good choice

202270081680 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi 英语笔译(English translation) The Imagery in Chinese Classical Poetry Good choice

202270081701 章颖雯 Zhang Yingwen 英语口译(English interpretation) Traditional Chinese Culture: Tiger-faced shoes

202270081681 张玉燕 Zhang Yuyan 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Horseface Skirt Good choice

202270081682 周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan 英语笔译(English translation) The Rise of 'China Chic': A Case Study of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games Good choice

==First group==
[[20221231_LangCult_1]]

papers 1-10: 1. 白婷 Bai Ting, 蔡思 Cai Si, 陈婧 Chen Jing, 陈淑敏 Chen Shumin, 陈思阳 Chen Siyang, 陈彦希 Chen Yanxi, 陈烨 Chen Ye, 丁粤 Ding Yue, 付静 Fu Jing, 高燕 Gao Yan

==Second group==
[[20221231_LangCult_2]]

papers 11-20:关娜 Guan Na，郝天钰 Hao Tianyu，何茉 He Mo，贺沛 He Pei，侯永芬 Hou Yongfen，胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi，黄安安 Huang Anan，黄舒威 Huang Shuwei，黄舒威 Huang Shuwei，姜雨露 Jiang Yulu，蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun

==Third group==
[[20221231_LangCult_3]]

papers 21-30:李鸿 Li Hong，李佳珺 Li Jiajun，李可依 Li Keyi，李玮瑶 Li Weiyao，李心田 Li Xintian，李彦 Li Yan，李梓玉 Li Ziyu，梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu，廖璐佳 Liao Lujia，刘丛领 Liu Congling

==Fourth group==
[[20221231_LangCult_4]]

papers 31-40:刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu，刘婷婷 Liu Tingting，刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin，刘映辰 Liu Yingchen
，刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing，鲁思 Lu Si，陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin，马明宇 Ma Mingyu ，彭琦 Peng Qi ，漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin

==Fifth group==
[[20221231_LangCult_5]]

papers 41-50:覃诗雅 Qin Shiya，卿子晔 Qing Ziye，仇绪 Qiu Xu，全永慧 Quan Yonghui，任嫚嫚 Ren Manman，疏珊 Shu Shan，王芳玲 Wang Fangling，王纪龙 Wang Jilong ，王露 Wang Lu，王琪 Wang Qi

==Sixth group==
[[20221231_LangCult_6]]

papers 51-60:汪世博 Wang Shibo，王雅姝 Wang Yashu，王植碧 Wang Zhibi，王智灵 Wang Zhiling，吴博涵 Wu Bohan，伍超穎 Wu Chaoying，吴敏 Wu Min，巫佳琳 Wu Jialin，伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli ，席书涵 Xi Shuhan

==Seventh group==
[[20221231_LangCult_7]]

papers 61-70: 夏盼 Xia Pan，夏依颐 Xia Yiyi，夏紫纯 Xia Zichun，向明慧 Xiang Minghui，肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu，肖娜 Xiao Na，肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin，谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu，谢茜敏 Xie Ximin，谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou

==Eighth group==
[[20221231_LangCult_8]]

papers 71-80:谢紫佳 Xie Zijia ，熊丹 Xiong Dan，徐思禹 Xu Siyu，颜琦 Yan Qi，杨思吟 Yang Siyin，杨晰微 Yang Xiwei，余海铭 Yu Haiming ，曾晨 Zeng Chen，张海珊 Zhang Haishan，张珂珂 Zhang Keke

==Nineth group==
[[20221231_LangCult_9]]

papers 81-90:张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei，张思诗 Zhang Sishi，张婷 Zhang Ting，张文琦 Zhang Wenqi，章颖雯 Zhang Yingwen，张玉燕 Zhang Yuyan ，周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan ，周子豪 Zhou Zihao，庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang，Wellsand, Benjamin

20221231 LangCult

2022-12-15T11:55:17Z

Liu Tingting: /* Tips for writing your final exam paper: How to indicate your references */

Back to course homepage [[Chinese_Language_and_Culture_Fall_2022]].

'''This is the final exam paper overview page.'''

Every student needs to find a topic, which is not in the textbook and has not been presented in class. Please check your topics in regard of this. All topics are ok except for those with red marks. Please suggest a new topic instead and wait for the teacher to remove the red marks.

=Tips to write your paper=
1. Every student should write a new English text '''not longer than 1,000 words''' on a phenomenon in Chinese culture as a new chapter in the text book. Please write the English topic both, behind your name on the bottom of this page and on the subpage [[20221231_LangCult_1]], [[20221231_LangCult_2]] etc. of the final exam subpage where you actually write your paper.

2. Please find a paper you want to proof read, contact the author, proof read (by copying each paragraph and make corrections/suggestions in the copy) . Please proof read a fellow students' paper by copying each paragraph and make your corrections in the paragraph. In a final step, the original author of the paper has to decide, what of the corrections he/she will accept and work into the paper. The final version submitted on the deadline should not carry any of the fellow student's paragraphs and comments.

*You can use the texts in the coursebook as an example (like Unit 1, Text A). You only need to write Text A (like "Longevity Noodles") or Text B ("Mooncakes"), not a whole Unit. But please try to find fellow students who topics fit under the same Unit title ("Festival Meals") and arrange it accordingly.
*In the topic, please write the category, then the topic - your name and student no.
*For the text, please indicate ALL SOURCES with bibliographical references. That means: At least for every paragraph, sometimes for single sentences, you have to indicate at the end, where you have found this information. E.g. (Liu Miqing 2010, 17). This means you have found it in the book or paper written by Ms Liu on page 17.
*Add a section at the end called "References".
*Please also add a list "Terms and Expressions".
*Please add a "Questions" section.
*Please add a "Answers" section.
*Please use at least 3 English sources and 2 Chinese sources
*Please make sure to indicate after each paragraph the literature you refer to, e.g. (Wang 2021:324) or (Peterson 2020:12). Of course all of this literature needs to be indicated in detail in the References section in both English and Chinese. (So English literature needs to be indicated together with a Chinese translation of the bok title and the other way round.)

==Tips for writing your final exam paper: How to indicate your references==
*You can use the existing book chapters here as an example.
*Please write the text and indicate ALL SOURCES with bibliographical references. That means: At least for every paragraph, sometimes for single sentences, you have to indicate at the end, where you have found this information. E.g. (Liu Miqing 2010, 17). This means you have found it in the book or paper written by Ms Liu on page 17. And then, you need to add a section at the end called "References". There you write the full version of the reference: Liu Miqing 刘宓庆. (2010). ''翻译基础'' [Translation Basis]. Shanghai: East China Normal University 华东师范大学. Similarly, you do it for papers: Jin Wenlu 靳文璐. (2019). 机器翻译可以取代人工翻译吗? [Can machine translation replace human translation?]. ''智库时代'' Think Tank Times (40) 282-284.
*Do '''not''' write any references like in one of the sample chapters:

[1] dsalkfkdsa

[2] adsfadsfag

But only the following way:

(Liu Miqing 2010, 17) in the text

and then

'''References'''
*Jin Wenlu 靳文璐. (2019). 机器翻译可以取代人工翻译吗? [Can machine translation replace human translation?]. ''智库时代'' Think Tank Times (40) 282-284.
*Liu Miqing 刘宓庆. (2010). ''翻译基础'' [Translation Basis]. Shanghai: East China Normal University 华东师范大学.

Also, please avoid using the three apostrophes like ' ' ' (without spaces). Use the equal signs to mark headers and subheaders instead. If your paper topic has two equal signs at the beginning and end of your topic, then use three equal signs for your sub headers. Example (without spaces):
= = Topic = =
< c e n t e r > Student Name, Student no. < / c e n t e r >
= = = Abstract = = =
This chapter is on ....
= = = Key Words = = =
Egg, Hen
= = = 题目 = = =
= = = 摘要 = = =
= = = 关键词 = = =
= = = Introduction = = =
Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under ''References''.
= = = The Egg = = =
Bla, bla, bla
= = = The Hen = = =
Bla, bla, bla
= = = Conclusion = = =
Bla, bla, bla
= = = References = = =
Woesler, Martin. (2020). Responsibility and Ethics in Times of Corona. Woesler, Martin and Hans-Martin Sass eds. ''Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona'' Muenster: LIT
= = = Terms and Expressions = = =
Egg 鸡蛋
.
Hen 鸡
= = = Questions = = =
1. What was first, egg or hen? (preferrable are multi choice questions)
.
A Egg. B Hen. C Eggs were already produced by animals before chicken occured. D This is a rhethorical question, there is no answer to it, I refuse to answer.
.
2. ...
.
3. ...
.
4. ...
.
= = = Answers = = =
Correct answers are:
.
1. C
.
2. ...
.
3. ...
.
4. ...

[[Media:Example.ogg]]=This is the final exam paper website overview=

<nowiki>Insert non-formatted text here</nowiki>==Please write your topic here first. Only if it is not marked '''red''' by the teacher, you can start to write your paper on your respective sub page, you will find the link to your group on the bottom of this webpage

202270081625 白婷 Bai Ting 英语笔译(English translation) Facial Makeup in Peking Opera This topic is already in our textbook please change the topic 

202270081703 蔡思 Cai Si 日语笔译(Japanese translation) Walking on the Stilts

202270081627 陈婧 Chen Jing 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Surnames Good choice

202270081628 陈淑敏 Chen Shumin 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Ancient Hairdress Good choice

202270081629 陈思阳 Chen Siyang 英语笔译(English translation) Evolution history of ancient Bridges in China Good choice

202270081683 陈彦希 Chen Yanxi 英语口译(English interpretation) Online Shopping Culture in China Good choice. Please mention that online shopping culture was invented in the US and imported to China. Then you can describe how it has developed here.

202270081630 陈烨 Chen Ye 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Dumpling Culture Good choice

202270081631 丁粤 Ding Yue 英语笔译(English translation) The Development of the Talent Selection System in Ancient China (except from keju) Good choice

202270081632 付静 Fu Jing 英语笔译(English translation) Language taboos in ancient China Good choice

202270081633 高燕 Gao Yan 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081634 关娜 Guan Na 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081685 郝天钰 Hao Tianyu 英语口译(English interpretation)

202270081704 何茉 He Mo 日语笔译(Japanese translation)

202270081708 贺沛 He Pei 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)

202270081686 侯永芬 Hou Yongfen 英语口译(English interpretation) The popularity of Chinese Han clothing （Hanfu）among young people This topic is already taken by another student. 1 can write it, the other needs to pick a new topic.

202270081687 胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi 英语口译(English interpretation) Taboos in Chinese Culture Good choice

202270081688 黄安安 Huang Anan 英语口译(English interpretation) Chinese Funeral Etiquette Culture Good choice

202270081689 黄舒威 Huang Shuwei 英语口译(English interpretation)

202270081635 姜雨露 Jiang Yulu 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081636 蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun 英语笔译(English translation) Modern Applications of Traditional Chinese Color Good choice

202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation) The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times Good choice

202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese nuptial tradition of bride price Good choice

202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)

202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation) Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example Good choice

202270081639 李心田 Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings Good choice

202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)

202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation) Chinese Traditional Philosophy Thought from Yi-ology Good choice

202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Rural Education Good choice

202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation) Traditional Chinese Religions and Chinese People’s Religious Outlook

202270081643 刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Traditional Cultural Elements in Animation Good choice

202270081644 刘婷婷 Liu Tingting 英语笔译(English translation) Comparisons of Chinese and Western Dream Theory

202270081693 刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin 英语口译(English interpretation)

202270081645 刘映辰 Liu Yingchen 英语笔译(English translation) The Imperial Examination System in Ancient China Good choice.

202270081694 刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing 英语口译(English interpretation)

202270081710 鲁思 Lu Si 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation) Evolution and Characteristics of Ancient Currency in ChinaGood choice

202270081711 陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation) Chinese Etiquette Culture This topic is already in our textbook please change the topic. Or you can make it more specific: Which etiquette? Eating etiquette?

202270081705 马明宇 Ma Mingyu 日语笔译(Japanese translation) The development of Chinese Animation

202270081646 彭琦 Peng Qi 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081647 漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081651 覃诗雅 Qin Shiya 英语笔译(English translation) Leisure Culture in Ancient China - The Example of Shangsi Festival Good choice

202270081648 卿子晔 Qing Ziye 英语笔译(English translation) The History of Children's Literature in China Since 1920

202270081684 仇绪 Qiu Xu 英语口译(English interpretation)

202270081649 全永慧 Quan Yonghui 英语笔译(English translation) The Theory of Yin and Yang in TCM Good choice

202270081650 任嫚嫚 Ren Manman 英语笔译(English translation) The Women's Clothing in Tang Dynasty Good choice

202270081695 疏珊 Shu Shan 英语口译(English interpretation) Chinese Mythology in Tao Te Ching Good choice

202270081696 王芳玲 Wang Fangling 英语口译(English interpretation) Chinese Hanfu and its Influence on Modern Fashion This topic is already taken by another student. But if you only concentrate on "traces of Hanfu in modern fashion" it could work

202270081652 王纪龙 Wang Jilong 英语笔译(English translation) The Culture of Chinese Filial Piety

202270081697 王露 Wang Lu 英语口译(English interpretation) The Chinese Knot

202270081653 王琪 Wang Qi 英语笔译(English translation) The Shadow Play in China This topic is already chosen by a different student. Please negotiate with the other student. Only 1 can write about this. The other student needs to find a new topic.

202270081706 汪世博 Wang Shibo 日语笔译(Japanese translation) The Phenomenon of Student Confucian Rituals and the Reasons Behind It Good choice

202270081654 王雅姝 Wang Yashu 英语笔译(English translation) Swear Words in Ancient China Good choice

202270081655 王植碧 Wang Zhibi 英语笔译(English translation) Post-editing of Machine translation Good choice

202270081656 王智灵 Wang Zhiling 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Ink and Wash Please explain: What is "wash"?

202270081698 吴博涵 Wu Bohan 英语口译(English interpretation) Ancient Chinese Wisdom in Water Conservancy Projects Good choice.

202270081659 伍超穎 Wu Chaoying 英语笔译(English translation) Lavish Burials in Chinese Funeral Culture Good choice

202270081658 吴敏 Wu Min 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Double Reduction Policy This topic is already in our textbook please change the topic. Please check exactly if Gongfu has been explained. Maybe only Wuxia, Shaoling Wushu etc. Then you can still write about it

202270081657 巫佳琳 Wu Jialin 英语笔译(English translation) The entertainment culture in Changsha City Good choice

202270081707 伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli 日语笔译(Japanese translation)The reason why Chinese online novels go overseas - represented by the WebNovel Good choice

202270081660 席书涵 Xi Shuhan 英语笔译(English translation) Lying Flat Culture in China Good choice

202270081661 夏盼 Xia Pan 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081699 夏依颐 Xia Yiyi 英语口译(English interpretation) The Changes in Women's Clothing in China Since 1840 Good choice

202270081662 夏紫纯 Xia Zichun 英语笔译(English translation) The Application of the New Four Inventions, which were imported from the US to China and further developed in China, and its Role in the Global Dissemination of Chinese Culture Good choice

202270081663 向明慧 Xiang Minghui 英语笔译(English translation) Modern Applications of Traditional Chinese Medicine Good choice. Since we already have TCM in our textbook, please explain me what "modern" applications there are. If it persuades me, you can stick with this topic.

202270081664 肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081665 肖娜 Xiao Na 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Festival: Double Ninth Festival Good choice.

202270081666 肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Yellow River Valley Civilization Good choice

202270081667 谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Liuqing-style Bamboo Carving Good choice

202270081668 谢茜敏 Xie Ximin 英语笔译(English translation) Suzhou Pingtan Good choice

202270081669 谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou 英语笔译(English translation) The development of Chinese hip-pop culture Good choice

202270081670 谢紫佳 Xie Zijia 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Mystery Novels Good choice

202270081671 熊丹 Xiong Dan 英语笔译(English translation) Comparison of Chinese and western food culture under the background of “Chinese Culture Exporting’ Good choice

202270081700 徐思禹 Xu Siyu 英语口译(English interpretation) An Introduction of Er ren zhuan in Northeast China Good choice

202270081672 颜琦 Yan Qi 英语笔译(English translation) The Development of the Imperial Examination System in Ancient ChinaThis topic is already in our textbook please change the topic 

202270081673 杨思吟 Yang Siyin 英语笔译(English translation) TCM as a treatment for Long COVID Good choice

202270081674 杨晰微 Yang Xiwei 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081712 余海铭 Yu Haiming 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation) Chinese minority costume culture Good choice

202270081626 曾晨 Zeng Chen 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081675 张海珊 Zhang Haishan 英语笔译(English translation) Warfare in Ancient China Good choice.

202270081676 张珂珂 Zhang Keke 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Noodles Culture Good choice

202270081677 张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Opera CultureThis topic is already in our textbook please change the topic 

202270081678 张思诗 Zhang Sishi 英语笔译(English translation)

202270081679 张婷 Zhang Ting 英语笔译(English translation) Live streaming culture in contemporary China Good choice

202270081680 张文琦 Zhang Wenqi 英语笔译(English translation) The Imagery in Chinese Classical Poetry Good choice

202270081701 章颖雯 Zhang Yingwen 英语口译(English interpretation) Traditional Chinese Culture: Tiger-faced shoes

202270081681 张玉燕 Zhang Yuyan 英语笔译(English translation) Chinese Horseface Skirt Good choice

202270081682 周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan 英语笔译(English translation) The Rise of 'China Chic': A Case Study of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games Good choice

==First group==
[[20221231_LangCult_1]]

papers 1-10: 1. 白婷 Bai Ting, 蔡思 Cai Si, 陈婧 Chen Jing, 陈淑敏 Chen Shumin, 陈思阳 Chen Siyang, 陈彦希 Chen Yanxi, 陈烨 Chen Ye, 丁粤 Ding Yue, 付静 Fu Jing, 高燕 Gao Yan

==Second group==
[[20221231_LangCult_2]]

papers 11-20:关娜 Guan Na，郝天钰 Hao Tianyu，何茉 He Mo，贺沛 He Pei，侯永芬 Hou Yongfen，胡欣怡 Hu Xinyi，黄安安 Huang Anan，黄舒威 Huang Shuwei，黄舒威 Huang Shuwei，姜雨露 Jiang Yulu，蒋正君 Jiang Zhengjun

==Third group==
[[20221231_LangCult_3]]

papers 21-30:李鸿 Li Hong，李佳珺 Li Jiajun，李可依 Li Keyi，李玮瑶 Li Weiyao，李心田 Li Xintian，李彦 Li Yan，李梓玉 Li Ziyu，梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu，廖璐佳 Liao Lujia，刘丛领 Liu Congling

==Fourth group==
[[20221231_LangCult_4]]

papers 31-40:刘佳玉 Liu Jiayu，刘婷婷 Liu Tingting，刘雅琴 Liu Yaqin，刘映辰 Liu Yingchen
，刘雨晴 Liu Yuqing，鲁思 Lu Si，陆玉琴 Lu Yuqin，马明宇 Ma Mingyu ，彭琦 Peng Qi ，漆羿鑫 Qi Yixin

==Fifth group==
[[20221231_LangCult_5]]

papers 41-50:覃诗雅 Qin Shiya，卿子晔 Qing Ziye，仇绪 Qiu Xu，全永慧 Quan Yonghui，任嫚嫚 Ren Manman，疏珊 Shu Shan，王芳玲 Wang Fangling，王纪龙 Wang Jilong ，王露 Wang Lu，王琪 Wang Qi

==Sixth group==
[[20221231_LangCult_6]]

papers 51-60:汪世博 Wang Shibo，王雅姝 Wang Yashu，王植碧 Wang Zhibi，王智灵 Wang Zhiling，吴博涵 Wu Bohan，伍超穎 Wu Chaoying，吴敏 Wu Min，巫佳琳 Wu Jialin，伍晓莉 Wu Xiaoli ，席书涵 Xi Shuhan

==Seventh group==
[[20221231_LangCult_7]]

papers 61-70: 夏盼 Xia Pan，夏依颐 Xia Yiyi，夏紫纯 Xia Zichun，向明慧 Xiang Minghui，肖家禹 Xiao Jiayu，肖娜 Xiao Na，肖喆琳 Xiao Zhelin，谢佳玉 Xie Jiayu，谢茜敏 Xie Ximin，谢州周 Xie Zhouzhou

==Eighth group==
[[20221231_LangCult_8]]

papers 71-80:谢紫佳 Xie Zijia ，熊丹 Xiong Dan，徐思禹 Xu Siyu，颜琦 Yan Qi，杨思吟 Yang Siyin，杨晰微 Yang Xiwei，余海铭 Yu Haiming ，曾晨 Zeng Chen，张海珊 Zhang Haishan，张珂珂 Zhang Keke

==Nineth group==
[[20221231_LangCult_9]]

papers 81-90:张祺葳 Zhang Qiwei，张思诗 Zhang Sishi，张婷 Zhang Ting，张文琦 Zhang Wenqi，章颖雯 Zhang Yingwen，张玉燕 Zhang Yuyan ，周晓兰 Zhou Xiaolan ，周子豪 Zhou Zihao，庄昊康 Zhuang Haokang，Wellsand, Benjamin