China Studies Wiki - User contributions [en]

User:Xiao Yixuan

2024-12-31T13:59:48Z

Xiao Yixuan:

Hello, my name is Xiao Yixuan, hailing from Hunan province. Currently pursuing my graduate studies in Japanese Translation at Hunan Normal University, I possess an outgoing personality and enjoy making friends, traveling, and indulging in delicious cuisine. My experience studying and working in Japan has given me insights into its culture, which I've noticed is deeply influenced by China's. This realization fosters a stronger sense of pride in Chinese culture. I eagerly anticipate delving deeper into the nuances of my homeland's culture in this course.

10/31 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

11/1 Today, I talked to the AI about movies. Although I haven’t watched any new movies recently due to work being busy, I introduced my favorite old movies.

11/2 Today, I talked to the AI about Japanese cuisine.

11/3 Today, I talked to the AI about Qipao(cheongsam).

11/4 Today I took my foreign friends to Jinggang, an ancient town near Changsha.I talked to the AI about that thing.

11/6 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

11/8 Today, we talked about Chinese cuisine, including dumplings and Hunan dishes.

11/13 Today, we discussed health-related topics, such as how to take good care of our spines.

11/15 Today, we talked about the challenge of memorizing vocabulary.

11/17 Today, we didn’t talk about anything.

11/18 Today, we discussed the issue of changing weather; the temperature suddenly dropped.

11/23 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

11/24 Talk about my family.

11/25 Talk about my friends.

11/26 Discuss my school.

11/27 Share my favorite movies

11/29 Share my favorite books

11/30 Talk about American fast food culture

12/01 Discuss sports

12/02 Today, we didn’t talk about anything.

12/03 Talk about travel

12/04 Discuss Christmas celebrations

12/05 Today, I talked to the AI about dogs.

12/06 Discuss music.

12/07 Discuss fruit

12/08 Today, I talked to the AI about Chinese cuisine.

12/09 Today, I talked to the AI about kites.

12/10 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

12/11 Today, I talked to the AI about my mother.

12/12 Today, I talked to the AI about my friends.

12/13 Today, I talked to the AI about colors which I like.

12/14 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

12/15 Today, I talked to the AI about my new car.

12/16 Today, I talked to the AI about hand cream.

12/17 Today, I talked to the AI about takeout service.

12/18 Today, I talked to the AI about work-fires.

12/19 Today, I talked to the AI about cosmetics.

12/20 Discuss Christmas.

12/23 Today, I talked to the AI about science fiction.

12/25 Today, I talked to the AI about Spring Festival.

'''Lu Ban: A Renowned Ancient Chinese Inventor and Craftsman'''

Xiao Yixuan(肖易轩)

'''Abstract'''

Lu Ban is one of the most renowned craftsmen and inventors in ancient China, revered by later generations as the "Master of Craftsmen." Growing up in a family of artisans, he displayed extraordinary intelligence and skill from a young age, eventually surpassing his predecessors to become the foremost craftsman of his time. Lu Ban’s inventions extended beyond woodworking tools to encompass weaponry and agricultural machinery, profoundly influencing the fields of architecture, engineering, and military technology in China and beyond.
Among his many woodworking tools, the most famous include the saw, drill, plane, chisel, set square, and ink marker. The invention of the saw, inspired by the serrated edges of natural grass leaves, significantly improved the efficiency of woodworking. In addition, Lu Ban designed innovative military devices such as the "Cloud Ladder" and the "Gou Qiang," showcasing his exceptional understanding of mechanical principles.
The spirit of craftsmanship embodied by Lu Ban endures to this day. Established in 1987, the "Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering" honors his outstanding contributions and serves as the highest accolade in China’s construction industry, fostering innovation and progress in the field of architecture.

'''Introduction to Lu Ban'''

Lu Ban, born Gongshu Ban, was a craftsman from the state of Lu during the late Spring and Autumn period to the early Warring States period (approximately 507-444 BCE). He is widely regarded as one of the most famous craftsmen and inventors in ancient China. Revered as the "Patron Saint of Craftsmen," Lu Ban's craftsmanship and innovative spirit deeply influenced both Chinese and global developments in architecture, machinery, and weaponry.
Lu Ban was born into a family of craftsmen and began learning woodworking techniques from his father and grandfather at an early age. His extraordinary talent and intellect enabled him to surpass his predecessors and become a celebrated craftsman in his youth. Over time, Lu Ban's fame spread far and wide, not only for his woodworking tools but also for his significant contributions to weaponry and agricultural machinery. His name is still well-known today, and many legends about him, filled with mystical elements, have become symbols of traditional Chinese craftsmanship.

[[File:luban1.jpg]]

'''Lu Ban's Woodworking Inventions'''

Lu Ban's contributions to woodworking tools were extensive, and his inventions covered nearly all the basic tools used in woodworking. Among his most famous inventions were the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line. These tools greatly enhanced the efficiency of woodworking and provided a solid technical foundation for future generations of craftsmen.
The most well-known story about Lu Ban's inventions is that of the saw. According to legend, while out chopping wood, Lu Ban encountered a landslide and, as he fell, grabbed a plant with serrated edges. This accidental discovery inspired him to replicate the serrated shape of the plant's leaves, leading to the invention of the saw. This invention dramatically increased the efficiency of wood processing, turning what was once a cumbersome task into a quicker and more precise job.

[[File:Saw.jpg]]

In addition to the saw, Lu Ban invented other essential woodworking tools such as the drill, plane, and hoe. These tools continue to be widely used in the woodworking industry today, forming the basic equipment every carpenter relies on. Lu Ban's inventions not only reflect his advanced craftsmanship but also demonstrate his sharp observational skills and unparalleled creativity.

'''Lu Ban's Contributions to Ancient Weaponry'''

Lu Ban's genius was not limited to woodworking tools; he also made significant contributions to weaponry. Through careful research and practical experimentation, he designed a series of innovative and practical war machines.
One of his most celebrated inventions was the "cloud ladder," a large siege weapon that allowed soldiers to easily scale enemy walls. The cloud ladder's height could surpass the walls, allowing soldiers to stand atop it and throw firebrands, arrows, or even leap onto the enemy’s wall to engage in close combat. The ladder was so tall that it was called a "cloud ladder," symbolizing its towering height as though reaching the clouds. In the work Mozi: Gongshu, it is mentioned that Lu Ban also designed the "hooked spear," a weapon used in naval warfare. The Chu army used it in their battles with the Yue navy, achieving significant victories. The design of the hooked spear was inspired by natural tools for capturing prey, such as the pincers of a praying mantis.

[[File:cloud ladder2.jpg]]

Lu Ban’s military inventions were not limited to the cloud ladder and the hooked spear. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, the flying stone, and the repeating arrow. These inventions not only reflect Lu Ban's strategic thinking but also showcase his mastery of mechanical and leverage principles. Even today, these ancient war machines are regarded as classics in the history of military engineering.

'''The Lu Ban Prize'''

Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship has been passed on through the ages and continues to inspire the construction industry in modern China. In 1987, in order to encourage innovation and improve quality in the construction field, the China Construction Industry Association established the "Lu Ban Prize." In 1996, the prize's name was officially changed to the "China Construction Engineering Lu Ban Prize" and was recognized as a national award for outstanding engineering projects.
The prize, named after Lu Ban, symbolizes excellence in craftsmanship and innovation. It aims to recognize projects that have made outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application. The selection standards for the Lu Ban Prize are strict, and it has become the highest honor in China’s construction industry. The establishment of the prize not only shows respect for Lu Ban's legacy but also encourages construction professionals to continuously pursue excellence, driving the development of China's construction industry.

'''Conclusion'''

Lu Ban’s legacy continues to inspire generations, both in China and globally, through his groundbreaking inventions and exceptional craftsmanship. From woodworking tools to military weaponry, his contributions have had a lasting impact on many industries. The "Lu Ban Prize" stands as a testament to his enduring influence, symbolizing the pinnacle of craftsmanship and innovation in the modern construction industry. As we honor Lu Ban’s achievements, we also recognize the importance of preserving and nurturing the spirit of craftsmanship, which continues to play a vital role in shaping technological progress and cultural heritage across the world.

'''Terms and Expressions'''

Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''Questions'''

1. What contributions did Lu Ban make to the fields of woodworking and military technology?
Answer:
Lu Ban made significant contributions to woodworking by inventing essential tools such as the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line, which greatly improved efficiency and formed the foundation for future generations of craftsmen. In military technology, he designed innovative weapons like the "Cloud Ladder," used for scaling enemy walls, and the "Gou Qiang" (hooked spear), used in naval battles. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, flying stone, and repeating arrow.
2. What inspired Lu Ban to invent the saw, and how did it impact woodworking?
Answer:
The saw was inspired by Lu Ban’s observation of a plant with serrated edges during a landslide. He replicated the serrated shape, creating the saw, which significantly improved the efficiency of wood processing by making cutting tasks quicker and more precise.
3. What is the Lu Ban Prize, and why was it established?
Answer:
The Lu Ban Prize, established in 1987 by the China Construction Industry Association, is the highest honor in China’s construction industry. It was created to encourage innovation, improve construction quality, and honor Lu Ban’s legacy. The prize recognizes outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application.
4. Why is Lu Ban referred to as the "Master of Craftsmen"?
Answer:
Lu Ban is called the "Master of Craftsmen" because of his exceptional skill, innovative spirit, and significant contributions to various fields, including woodworking, architecture, and military engineering. His legacy has deeply influenced craftsmanship in China and beyond.
5. What lessons can modern professionals draw from Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship?
Answer:
Modern professionals can learn from Lu Ban’s dedication to innovation, meticulous attention to detail, and commitment to excellence. His spirit of craftsmanship emphasizes the importance of continuous improvement and the pursuit of quality, which remain relevant in shaping technological progress and preserving cultural heritage.

'''References'''

Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

'''中国古代著名发明家鲁班'''

'''摘要'''

鲁班是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一，被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”。他从小在工匠家庭中成长，凭借非凡的智慧和技艺，逐渐超越父辈，成为当时的顶尖工匠。鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，还涉及兵器和农业机械，深刻影响了中国及世界的建筑、机械和战争技术。
鲁班发明的木工工具种类繁多，其中最著名的包括锯子、钻、刨、铲、曲尺和墨斗。特别是锯子的发明，灵感来源于自然界的锯齿状草叶，大大提高了木材加工的效率。此外，鲁班还设计了“云梯”和“钩强”等兵器，这些创新的战争器械展现了他在机械原理上的卓越智慧。
鲁班的工匠精神至今传承不息，1987年设立的“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”便是对其卓越贡献的致敬，成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，推动了建筑领域的创新与发展。

'''一、鲁班的简介'''

鲁班，姓公输名般，字子班，春秋末期至战国初期鲁国人，是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一。鲁班被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”，他的工艺技巧与创新精神深刻影响了中国乃至世界的建筑、机械和兵器制造。
鲁班出生于一个工匠家庭，从小便在父亲和祖父的指导下学习木工技艺。少年时代的鲁班聪慧异常，技艺超群，渐渐超越了父辈，成为当时名声赫赫的工匠。
鲁班的发明不仅仅局限于木工工具，他在兵器、农业机械等领域也有显著成就。鲁班的名字在民间广为流传，许多关于他的传说和故事都充满了神奇色彩，成为中国传统工匠精神的象征。

'''二、鲁班发明的木工工具'''

鲁班的木工工具种类繁多，涵盖了木工工作中几乎所有的基本工具。最著名的发明包括锯子、钻、刨子、铲子、曲尺、墨斗等。这些工具的发明和创新，极大地提升了木工的工作效率，也为后世的工匠提供了坚实的技术基础。
其中，锯子的发明故事最为人们熟知。据传，鲁班在一次外出砍木时，遭遇滑坡，摔倒后用手抓住了一株带锯齿状边缘的草。这一意外的发现启发了他模仿草叶的锯齿形状，发明了锯子。这一发明大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得原本繁琐的木工活变得更加快捷和精准。
此外，鲁班还发明了钻、刨、铲等木工工具，这些工具至今在木工行业中得到广泛应用，成为木匠不可或缺的基本装备。鲁班的发明不仅反映了他极高的工艺水平，更展示了他敏锐的观察力和无与伦比的创造力。

'''三、鲁班发明的古代兵器'''

鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，他在兵器制造方面的贡献也同样重要。鲁班通过深入研究和实践，设计出了一系列具有创新性和实用性的战争器械。
其中，最为人们所称道的是鲁班发明的“云梯”。云梯是一种高大的攻城武器，它能够让攻城士兵轻松越过敌人的城墙。由于其设计高度可达到城墙之上，士兵可以站在云梯顶端向敌人投掷火把、箭矢，甚至跳跃到城墙上进行近战。古人将这种高大的梯子称为“云梯”，寓意其高度仿佛接近云端。

《墨子·公输》一书中提到，鲁班还设计了“钩强”，这是一种专门用于水战的武器，楚国军队曾用它与越国水军作战，取得了显著的战果。钩强的设计灵感来源于自然界的捕捉工具，如螳螂的钳子。
鲁班的兵器设计并不限于云梯和钩强，他还发明了撞车、飞石、连珠箭等一系列攻城武器。这些兵器的设计不仅体现了鲁班深刻的战术思维，也展示了他在机械和杠杆原理上的精湛技艺。即使在今天，鲁班的这些发明依然被认为是古代战争器械中的经典之作。

'''四、中国鲁班奖'''

鲁班的工匠精神在现代建筑行业中得到了传承和发扬。1987年，为了鼓励建筑领域的创新和质量提升，中国建筑业联合会设立了“鲁班奖”。1996年起，奖项名称正式改为“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”，并确立为国家级优质工程奖。
该奖项以鲁班为名，象征着卓越的工艺和创新精神，旨在表彰在建筑质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的项目。鲁班奖的评选标准严格，至今已成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉。鲁班奖的设立，体现了对鲁班精神的尊重与传承，也激励着建筑行业的从业者不断追求卓越，推动中国建筑事业的持续发展。

'''结语'''

鲁班的遗产通过其开创性的发明和卓越的工艺技艺，持续激励着一代又一代人，无论在中国还是世界范围内。他在木工工具和军事武器等领域的贡献对许多行业产生了深远影响。“鲁班奖”则是对他持久影响力的最好见证，象征着现代建筑行业工艺与创新的巅峰。我们在缅怀鲁班成就的同时，也认识到传承和弘扬工匠精神的重要性。这种精神在塑造全球技术进步和文化遗产方面，依然发挥着重要作用。

'''术语与表达'''

Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''问题'''

1.鲁班在木工和军事技术领域做出了哪些贡献？
参考答案：鲁班在木工领域发明了锯子、钻、刨、锄、曲尺和墨斗等工具，这些工具大大提高了工作效率，并为后代工匠奠定了技术基础。在军事技术方面，他设计了“云梯”等创新兵器，用于攀爬城墙，以及“钩强”，一种用于海战的武器。此外，他还发明了攻城锤、飞石机和连发弩等攻城器械。
2.鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源是什么？这一发明对木工产生了怎样的影响？
参考答案：鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源于一次山体滑坡中，他抓住了一种带有锯齿边缘的植物。他模仿这种锯齿形状发明了锯子，大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得切割工作更加快速和精确。
3.什么是鲁班奖？它为何设立？
参考答案：鲁班奖是中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，由中国建筑业协会于1987年设立，旨在鼓励创新、提升建筑质量，同时向鲁班的卓越贡献致敬。该奖项用于表彰在工程质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的建筑项目。
4.为什么鲁班被称为“工匠祖师”？
参考答案：鲁班因其卓越的技艺、创新精神，以及在木工、建筑和军事工程领域的重要贡献，被尊称为“工匠祖师”。他的遗产深刻影响了中国及全球的工匠精神和技术发展。
5.现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学到哪些经验？
参考答案：现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学习到创新意识、对细节的关注和追求卓越的态度。他的精神强调持续改进和追求质量的重要性，这在推动技术进步和保护文化遗产方面依然具有重要意义。

'''参考文献'''

Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

User:Xiao Yixuan

2024-12-30T05:36:19Z

Xiao Yixuan:

User:Xiao Yixuan

2024-12-30T05:35:32Z

Xiao Yixuan:

Hello, my name is Xiao Yixuan, hailing from Hunan province. Currently pursuing my graduate studies in Japanese Translation at Hunan Normal University, I possess an outgoing personality and enjoy making friends, traveling, and indulging in delicious cuisine. My experience studying and working in Japan has given me insights into its culture, which I've noticed is deeply influenced by China's. This realization fosters a stronger sense of pride in Chinese culture. I eagerly anticipate delving deeper into the nuances of my homeland's culture in this course.

10/31 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

11/1 Today, I talked to the AI about movies. Although I haven’t watched any new movies recently due to work being busy, I introduced my favorite old movies.

11/2 Today, I talked to the AI about Japanese cuisine.

11/3 Today, I talked to the AI about Qipao(cheongsam).

11/4 Today I took my foreign friends to Jinggang, an ancient town near Changsha.I talked to the AI about that thing.

11/6 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

11/8 Today, we talked about Chinese cuisine, including dumplings and Hunan dishes.

11/13 Today, we discussed health-related topics, such as how to take good care of our spines.

11/15 Today, we talked about the challenge of memorizing vocabulary.

11/17 Today, we didn’t talk about anything.

11/18 Today, we discussed the issue of changing weather; the temperature suddenly dropped.

11/23 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

11/24 Talk about my family.

11/25 Talk about my friends.

11/26 Discuss my school.

11/27 Share my favorite movies

11/29 Share my favorite books

11/30 Talk about American fast food culture

12/01 Discuss sports

12/02 Today, we didn’t talk about anything.

12/03 Talk about travel

12/04 Discuss Christmas celebrations

12/05 Today, I talked to the AI about dogs.

12/06 Discuss music.

12/07 Discuss fruit

12/08 Today, I talked to the AI about Chinese cuisine.

12/09 Today, I talked to the AI about kites.

12/10 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

12/11 Today, I talked to the AI about my mother.

12/12 Today, I talked to the AI about my friends.

12/13 Today, I talked to the AI about colors which I like.

12/14 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

12/15 Today, I talked to the AI about my new car.

12/16 Today, I talked to the AI about hand cream.

12/17 Today, I talked to the AI about takeout service.

12/18 Today, I talked to the AI about work-fires.

12/19 Today, I talked to the AI about cosmetics.

12/20 Discuss Christmas.

12/23 Today, I talked to the AI about science fiction.

12/25 Today, I talked to the AI about Spring Festival.

'''Lu Ban: A Renowned Ancient Chinese Inventor and Craftsman'''
Xiao Yixuan(肖易轩)

'''Abstract'''

Lu Ban is one of the most renowned craftsmen and inventors in ancient China, revered by later generations as the "Master of Craftsmen." Growing up in a family of artisans, he displayed extraordinary intelligence and skill from a young age, eventually surpassing his predecessors to become the foremost craftsman of his time. Lu Ban’s inventions extended beyond woodworking tools to encompass weaponry and agricultural machinery, profoundly influencing the fields of architecture, engineering, and military technology in China and beyond.
Among his many woodworking tools, the most famous include the saw, drill, plane, chisel, set square, and ink marker. The invention of the saw, inspired by the serrated edges of natural grass leaves, significantly improved the efficiency of woodworking. In addition, Lu Ban designed innovative military devices such as the "Cloud Ladder" and the "Gou Qiang," showcasing his exceptional understanding of mechanical principles.
The spirit of craftsmanship embodied by Lu Ban endures to this day. Established in 1987, the "Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering" honors his outstanding contributions and serves as the highest accolade in China’s construction industry, fostering innovation and progress in the field of architecture.

'''Introduction to Lu Ban'''

Lu Ban, born Gongshu Ban, was a craftsman from the state of Lu during the late Spring and Autumn period to the early Warring States period (approximately 507-444 BCE). He is widely regarded as one of the most famous craftsmen and inventors in ancient China. Revered as the "Patron Saint of Craftsmen," Lu Ban's craftsmanship and innovative spirit deeply influenced both Chinese and global developments in architecture, machinery, and weaponry.
Lu Ban was born into a family of craftsmen and began learning woodworking techniques from his father and grandfather at an early age. His extraordinary talent and intellect enabled him to surpass his predecessors and become a celebrated craftsman in his youth. Over time, Lu Ban's fame spread far and wide, not only for his woodworking tools but also for his significant contributions to weaponry and agricultural machinery. His name is still well-known today, and many legends about him, filled with mystical elements, have become symbols of traditional Chinese craftsmanship.

[[File:luban1.jpg]]

'''Lu Ban's Woodworking Inventions'''

Lu Ban's contributions to woodworking tools were extensive, and his inventions covered nearly all the basic tools used in woodworking. Among his most famous inventions were the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line. These tools greatly enhanced the efficiency of woodworking and provided a solid technical foundation for future generations of craftsmen.
The most well-known story about Lu Ban's inventions is that of the saw. According to legend, while out chopping wood, Lu Ban encountered a landslide and, as he fell, grabbed a plant with serrated edges. This accidental discovery inspired him to replicate the serrated shape of the plant's leaves, leading to the invention of the saw. This invention dramatically increased the efficiency of wood processing, turning what was once a cumbersome task into a quicker and more precise job.

[[File:Saw.jpg]]

In addition to the saw, Lu Ban invented other essential woodworking tools such as the drill, plane, and hoe. These tools continue to be widely used in the woodworking industry today, forming the basic equipment every carpenter relies on. Lu Ban's inventions not only reflect his advanced craftsmanship but also demonstrate his sharp observational skills and unparalleled creativity.

'''Lu Ban's Contributions to Ancient Weaponry'''

Lu Ban's genius was not limited to woodworking tools; he also made significant contributions to weaponry. Through careful research and practical experimentation, he designed a series of innovative and practical war machines.
One of his most celebrated inventions was the "cloud ladder," a large siege weapon that allowed soldiers to easily scale enemy walls. The cloud ladder's height could surpass the walls, allowing soldiers to stand atop it and throw firebrands, arrows, or even leap onto the enemy’s wall to engage in close combat. The ladder was so tall that it was called a "cloud ladder," symbolizing its towering height as though reaching the clouds. In the work Mozi: Gongshu, it is mentioned that Lu Ban also designed the "hooked spear," a weapon used in naval warfare. The Chu army used it in their battles with the Yue navy, achieving significant victories. The design of the hooked spear was inspired by natural tools for capturing prey, such as the pincers of a praying mantis.

[[File:cloud ladder2.jpg]]

Lu Ban’s military inventions were not limited to the cloud ladder and the hooked spear. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, the flying stone, and the repeating arrow. These inventions not only reflect Lu Ban's strategic thinking but also showcase his mastery of mechanical and leverage principles. Even today, these ancient war machines are regarded as classics in the history of military engineering.

'''The Lu Ban Prize'''

Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship has been passed on through the ages and continues to inspire the construction industry in modern China. In 1987, in order to encourage innovation and improve quality in the construction field, the China Construction Industry Association established the "Lu Ban Prize." In 1996, the prize's name was officially changed to the "China Construction Engineering Lu Ban Prize" and was recognized as a national award for outstanding engineering projects.
The prize, named after Lu Ban, symbolizes excellence in craftsmanship and innovation. It aims to recognize projects that have made outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application. The selection standards for the Lu Ban Prize are strict, and it has become the highest honor in China’s construction industry. The establishment of the prize not only shows respect for Lu Ban's legacy but also encourages construction professionals to continuously pursue excellence, driving the development of China's construction industry.

'''Conclusion'''

Lu Ban’s legacy continues to inspire generations, both in China and globally, through his groundbreaking inventions and exceptional craftsmanship. From woodworking tools to military weaponry, his contributions have had a lasting impact on many industries. The "Lu Ban Prize" stands as a testament to his enduring influence, symbolizing the pinnacle of craftsmanship and innovation in the modern construction industry. As we honor Lu Ban’s achievements, we also recognize the importance of preserving and nurturing the spirit of craftsmanship, which continues to play a vital role in shaping technological progress and cultural heritage across the world.

'''Terms and Expressions'''

Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''Questions'''

1. What contributions did Lu Ban make to the fields of woodworking and military technology?
Answer:
Lu Ban made significant contributions to woodworking by inventing essential tools such as the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line, which greatly improved efficiency and formed the foundation for future generations of craftsmen. In military technology, he designed innovative weapons like the "Cloud Ladder," used for scaling enemy walls, and the "Gou Qiang" (hooked spear), used in naval battles. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, flying stone, and repeating arrow.
2. What inspired Lu Ban to invent the saw, and how did it impact woodworking?
Answer:
The saw was inspired by Lu Ban’s observation of a plant with serrated edges during a landslide. He replicated the serrated shape, creating the saw, which significantly improved the efficiency of wood processing by making cutting tasks quicker and more precise.
3. What is the Lu Ban Prize, and why was it established?
Answer:
The Lu Ban Prize, established in 1987 by the China Construction Industry Association, is the highest honor in China’s construction industry. It was created to encourage innovation, improve construction quality, and honor Lu Ban’s legacy. The prize recognizes outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application.
4. Why is Lu Ban referred to as the "Master of Craftsmen"?
Answer:
Lu Ban is called the "Master of Craftsmen" because of his exceptional skill, innovative spirit, and significant contributions to various fields, including woodworking, architecture, and military engineering. His legacy has deeply influenced craftsmanship in China and beyond.
5. What lessons can modern professionals draw from Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship?
Answer:
Modern professionals can learn from Lu Ban’s dedication to innovation, meticulous attention to detail, and commitment to excellence. His spirit of craftsmanship emphasizes the importance of continuous improvement and the pursuit of quality, which remain relevant in shaping technological progress and preserving cultural heritage.

'''References'''

Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

'''中国古代著名发明家鲁班'''

'''摘要'''

鲁班是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一，被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”。他从小在工匠家庭中成长，凭借非凡的智慧和技艺，逐渐超越父辈，成为当时的顶尖工匠。鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，还涉及兵器和农业机械，深刻影响了中国及世界的建筑、机械和战争技术。
鲁班发明的木工工具种类繁多，其中最著名的包括锯子、钻、刨、铲、曲尺和墨斗。特别是锯子的发明，灵感来源于自然界的锯齿状草叶，大大提高了木材加工的效率。此外，鲁班还设计了“云梯”和“钩强”等兵器，这些创新的战争器械展现了他在机械原理上的卓越智慧。
鲁班的工匠精神至今传承不息，1987年设立的“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”便是对其卓越贡献的致敬，成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，推动了建筑领域的创新与发展。

'''一、鲁班的简介'''

鲁班，姓公输名般，字子班，春秋末期至战国初期鲁国人，是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一。鲁班被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”，他的工艺技巧与创新精神深刻影响了中国乃至世界的建筑、机械和兵器制造。
鲁班出生于一个工匠家庭，从小便在父亲和祖父的指导下学习木工技艺。少年时代的鲁班聪慧异常，技艺超群，渐渐超越了父辈，成为当时名声赫赫的工匠。
鲁班的发明不仅仅局限于木工工具，他在兵器、农业机械等领域也有显著成就。鲁班的名字在民间广为流传，许多关于他的传说和故事都充满了神奇色彩，成为中国传统工匠精神的象征。

'''二、鲁班发明的木工工具'''

鲁班的木工工具种类繁多，涵盖了木工工作中几乎所有的基本工具。最著名的发明包括锯子、钻、刨子、铲子、曲尺、墨斗等。这些工具的发明和创新，极大地提升了木工的工作效率，也为后世的工匠提供了坚实的技术基础。
其中，锯子的发明故事最为人们熟知。据传，鲁班在一次外出砍木时，遭遇滑坡，摔倒后用手抓住了一株带锯齿状边缘的草。这一意外的发现启发了他模仿草叶的锯齿形状，发明了锯子。这一发明大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得原本繁琐的木工活变得更加快捷和精准。
此外，鲁班还发明了钻、刨、铲等木工工具，这些工具至今在木工行业中得到广泛应用，成为木匠不可或缺的基本装备。鲁班的发明不仅反映了他极高的工艺水平，更展示了他敏锐的观察力和无与伦比的创造力。

'''三、鲁班发明的古代兵器'''

鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，他在兵器制造方面的贡献也同样重要。鲁班通过深入研究和实践，设计出了一系列具有创新性和实用性的战争器械。
其中，最为人们所称道的是鲁班发明的“云梯”。云梯是一种高大的攻城武器，它能够让攻城士兵轻松越过敌人的城墙。由于其设计高度可达到城墙之上，士兵可以站在云梯顶端向敌人投掷火把、箭矢，甚至跳跃到城墙上进行近战。古人将这种高大的梯子称为“云梯”，寓意其高度仿佛接近云端。

《墨子·公输》一书中提到，鲁班还设计了“钩强”，这是一种专门用于水战的武器，楚国军队曾用它与越国水军作战，取得了显著的战果。钩强的设计灵感来源于自然界的捕捉工具，如螳螂的钳子。
鲁班的兵器设计并不限于云梯和钩强，他还发明了撞车、飞石、连珠箭等一系列攻城武器。这些兵器的设计不仅体现了鲁班深刻的战术思维，也展示了他在机械和杠杆原理上的精湛技艺。即使在今天，鲁班的这些发明依然被认为是古代战争器械中的经典之作。

'''四、中国鲁班奖'''

鲁班的工匠精神在现代建筑行业中得到了传承和发扬。1987年，为了鼓励建筑领域的创新和质量提升，中国建筑业联合会设立了“鲁班奖”。1996年起，奖项名称正式改为“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”，并确立为国家级优质工程奖。
该奖项以鲁班为名，象征着卓越的工艺和创新精神，旨在表彰在建筑质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的项目。鲁班奖的评选标准严格，至今已成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉。鲁班奖的设立，体现了对鲁班精神的尊重与传承，也激励着建筑行业的从业者不断追求卓越，推动中国建筑事业的持续发展。

'''结语'''

鲁班的遗产通过其开创性的发明和卓越的工艺技艺，持续激励着一代又一代人，无论在中国还是世界范围内。他在木工工具和军事武器等领域的贡献对许多行业产生了深远影响。“鲁班奖”则是对他持久影响力的最好见证，象征着现代建筑行业工艺与创新的巅峰。我们在缅怀鲁班成就的同时，也认识到传承和弘扬工匠精神的重要性。这种精神在塑造全球技术进步和文化遗产方面，依然发挥着重要作用。

'''术语与表达'''

Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''问题'''

1.鲁班在木工和军事技术领域做出了哪些贡献？
参考答案：鲁班在木工领域发明了锯子、钻、刨、锄、曲尺和墨斗等工具，这些工具大大提高了工作效率，并为后代工匠奠定了技术基础。在军事技术方面，他设计了“云梯”等创新兵器，用于攀爬城墙，以及“钩强”，一种用于海战的武器。此外，他还发明了攻城锤、飞石机和连发弩等攻城器械。
2.鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源是什么？这一发明对木工产生了怎样的影响？
参考答案：鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源于一次山体滑坡中，他抓住了一种带有锯齿边缘的植物。他模仿这种锯齿形状发明了锯子，大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得切割工作更加快速和精确。
3.什么是鲁班奖？它为何设立？
参考答案：鲁班奖是中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，由中国建筑业协会于1987年设立，旨在鼓励创新、提升建筑质量，同时向鲁班的卓越贡献致敬。该奖项用于表彰在工程质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的建筑项目。
4.为什么鲁班被称为“工匠祖师”？
参考答案：鲁班因其卓越的技艺、创新精神，以及在木工、建筑和军事工程领域的重要贡献，被尊称为“工匠祖师”。他的遗产深刻影响了中国及全球的工匠精神和技术发展。
5.现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学到哪些经验？
参考答案：现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学习到创新意识、对细节的关注和追求卓越的态度。他的精神强调持续改进和追求质量的重要性，这在推动技术进步和保护文化遗产方面依然具有重要意义。

'''参考文献'''

Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

AI Statement

I wrote the entire Chinese article myself and translated it into English. I used AI to help refine the translation.

User:Xiao Yixuan

2024-12-30T05:25:21Z

Xiao Yixuan:

Hello, my name is Xiao Yixuan, hailing from Hunan province. Currently pursuing my graduate studies in Japanese Translation at Hunan Normal University, I possess an outgoing personality and enjoy making friends, traveling, and indulging in delicious cuisine. My experience studying and working in Japan has given me insights into its culture, which I've noticed is deeply influenced by China's. This realization fosters a stronger sense of pride in Chinese culture. I eagerly anticipate delving deeper into the nuances of my homeland's culture in this course.

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'''Lu Ban: A Renowned Ancient Chinese Inventor and Craftsman'''
Xiao Yixuan(肖易轩)

'''Abstract'''

Lu Ban is one of the most renowned craftsmen and inventors in ancient China, revered by later generations as the "Master of Craftsmen." Growing up in a family of artisans, he displayed extraordinary intelligence and skill from a young age, eventually surpassing his predecessors to become the foremost craftsman of his time. Lu Ban’s inventions extended beyond woodworking tools to encompass weaponry and agricultural machinery, profoundly influencing the fields of architecture, engineering, and military technology in China and beyond.
Among his many woodworking tools, the most famous include the saw, drill, plane, chisel, set square, and ink marker. The invention of the saw, inspired by the serrated edges of natural grass leaves, significantly improved the efficiency of woodworking. In addition, Lu Ban designed innovative military devices such as the "Cloud Ladder" and the "Gou Qiang," showcasing his exceptional understanding of mechanical principles.
The spirit of craftsmanship embodied by Lu Ban endures to this day. Established in 1987, the "Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering" honors his outstanding contributions and serves as the highest accolade in China’s construction industry, fostering innovation and progress in the field of architecture.

'''Introduction to Lu Ban'''

Lu Ban, born Gongshu Ban, was a craftsman from the state of Lu during the late Spring and Autumn period to the early Warring States period (approximately 507-444 BCE). He is widely regarded as one of the most famous craftsmen and inventors in ancient China. Revered as the "Patron Saint of Craftsmen," Lu Ban's craftsmanship and innovative spirit deeply influenced both Chinese and global developments in architecture, machinery, and weaponry.
Lu Ban was born into a family of craftsmen and began learning woodworking techniques from his father and grandfather at an early age. His extraordinary talent and intellect enabled him to surpass his predecessors and become a celebrated craftsman in his youth. Over time, Lu Ban's fame spread far and wide, not only for his woodworking tools but also for his significant contributions to weaponry and agricultural machinery. His name is still well-known today, and many legends about him, filled with mystical elements, have become symbols of traditional Chinese craftsmanship.

[[File:luban1.jpg]]

'''Lu Ban's Woodworking Inventions'''

Lu Ban's contributions to woodworking tools were extensive, and his inventions covered nearly all the basic tools used in woodworking. Among his most famous inventions were the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line. These tools greatly enhanced the efficiency of woodworking and provided a solid technical foundation for future generations of craftsmen.
The most well-known story about Lu Ban's inventions is that of the saw. According to legend, while out chopping wood, Lu Ban encountered a landslide and, as he fell, grabbed a plant with serrated edges. This accidental discovery inspired him to replicate the serrated shape of the plant's leaves, leading to the invention of the saw. This invention dramatically increased the efficiency of wood processing, turning what was once a cumbersome task into a quicker and more precise job.

[[File:Saw.jpg]]

In addition to the saw, Lu Ban invented other essential woodworking tools such as the drill, plane, and hoe. These tools continue to be widely used in the woodworking industry today, forming the basic equipment every carpenter relies on. Lu Ban's inventions not only reflect his advanced craftsmanship but also demonstrate his sharp observational skills and unparalleled creativity.

'''Lu Ban's Contributions to Ancient Weaponry'''

Lu Ban's genius was not limited to woodworking tools; he also made significant contributions to weaponry. Through careful research and practical experimentation, he designed a series of innovative and practical war machines.
One of his most celebrated inventions was the "cloud ladder," a large siege weapon that allowed soldiers to easily scale enemy walls. The cloud ladder's height could surpass the walls, allowing soldiers to stand atop it and throw firebrands, arrows, or even leap onto the enemy’s wall to engage in close combat. The ladder was so tall that it was called a "cloud ladder," symbolizing its towering height as though reaching the clouds. In the work Mozi: Gongshu, it is mentioned that Lu Ban also designed the "hooked spear," a weapon used in naval warfare. The Chu army used it in their battles with the Yue navy, achieving significant victories. The design of the hooked spear was inspired by natural tools for capturing prey, such as the pincers of a praying mantis.

[[File:cloud ladder2.jpg]]

Lu Ban’s military inventions were not limited to the cloud ladder and the hooked spear. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, the flying stone, and the repeating arrow. These inventions not only reflect Lu Ban's strategic thinking but also showcase his mastery of mechanical and leverage principles. Even today, these ancient war machines are regarded as classics in the history of military engineering.

'''The Lu Ban Prize'''

Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship has been passed on through the ages and continues to inspire the construction industry in modern China. In 1987, in order to encourage innovation and improve quality in the construction field, the China Construction Industry Association established the "Lu Ban Prize." In 1996, the prize's name was officially changed to the "China Construction Engineering Lu Ban Prize" and was recognized as a national award for outstanding engineering projects.
The prize, named after Lu Ban, symbolizes excellence in craftsmanship and innovation. It aims to recognize projects that have made outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application. The selection standards for the Lu Ban Prize are strict, and it has become the highest honor in China’s construction industry. The establishment of the prize not only shows respect for Lu Ban's legacy but also encourages construction professionals to continuously pursue excellence, driving the development of China's construction industry.

'''Conclusion'''

Lu Ban’s legacy continues to inspire generations, both in China and globally, through his groundbreaking inventions and exceptional craftsmanship. From woodworking tools to military weaponry, his contributions have had a lasting impact on many industries. The "Lu Ban Prize" stands as a testament to his enduring influence, symbolizing the pinnacle of craftsmanship and innovation in the modern construction industry. As we honor Lu Ban’s achievements, we also recognize the importance of preserving and nurturing the spirit of craftsmanship, which continues to play a vital role in shaping technological progress and cultural heritage across the world.

'''Terms and Expressions'''

Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''Questions'''

1. What contributions did Lu Ban make to the fields of woodworking and military technology?
Answer:
Lu Ban made significant contributions to woodworking by inventing essential tools such as the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line, which greatly improved efficiency and formed the foundation for future generations of craftsmen. In military technology, he designed innovative weapons like the "Cloud Ladder," used for scaling enemy walls, and the "Gou Qiang" (hooked spear), used in naval battles. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, flying stone, and repeating arrow.
2. What inspired Lu Ban to invent the saw, and how did it impact woodworking?
Answer:
The saw was inspired by Lu Ban’s observation of a plant with serrated edges during a landslide. He replicated the serrated shape, creating the saw, which significantly improved the efficiency of wood processing by making cutting tasks quicker and more precise.
3. What is the Lu Ban Prize, and why was it established?
Answer:
The Lu Ban Prize, established in 1987 by the China Construction Industry Association, is the highest honor in China’s construction industry. It was created to encourage innovation, improve construction quality, and honor Lu Ban’s legacy. The prize recognizes outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application.
4. Why is Lu Ban referred to as the "Master of Craftsmen"?
Answer:
Lu Ban is called the "Master of Craftsmen" because of his exceptional skill, innovative spirit, and significant contributions to various fields, including woodworking, architecture, and military engineering. His legacy has deeply influenced craftsmanship in China and beyond.
5. What lessons can modern professionals draw from Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship?
Answer:
Modern professionals can learn from Lu Ban’s dedication to innovation, meticulous attention to detail, and commitment to excellence. His spirit of craftsmanship emphasizes the importance of continuous improvement and the pursuit of quality, which remain relevant in shaping technological progress and preserving cultural heritage.

'''References'''

Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

'''中国古代著名发明家鲁班'''

'''摘要'''
鲁班是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一，被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”。他从小在工匠家庭中成长，凭借非凡的智慧和技艺，逐渐超越父辈，成为当时的顶尖工匠。鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，还涉及兵器和农业机械，深刻影响了中国及世界的建筑、机械和战争技术。
鲁班发明的木工工具种类繁多，其中最著名的包括锯子、钻、刨、铲、曲尺和墨斗。特别是锯子的发明，灵感来源于自然界的锯齿状草叶，大大提高了木材加工的效率。此外，鲁班还设计了“云梯”和“钩强”等兵器，这些创新的战争器械展现了他在机械原理上的卓越智慧。
鲁班的工匠精神至今传承不息，1987年设立的“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”便是对其卓越贡献的致敬，成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，推动了建筑领域的创新与发展。

'''一、鲁班的简介'''

鲁班，姓公输名般，字子班，春秋末期至战国初期鲁国人，是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一。鲁班被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”，他的工艺技巧与创新精神深刻影响了中国乃至世界的建筑、机械和兵器制造。
鲁班出生于一个工匠家庭，从小便在父亲和祖父的指导下学习木工技艺。少年时代的鲁班聪慧异常，技艺超群，渐渐超越了父辈，成为当时名声赫赫的工匠。
鲁班的发明不仅仅局限于木工工具，他在兵器、农业机械等领域也有显著成就。鲁班的名字在民间广为流传，许多关于他的传说和故事都充满了神奇色彩，成为中国传统工匠精神的象征。

'''二、鲁班发明的木工工具'''

鲁班的木工工具种类繁多，涵盖了木工工作中几乎所有的基本工具。最著名的发明包括锯子、钻、刨子、铲子、曲尺、墨斗等。这些工具的发明和创新，极大地提升了木工的工作效率，也为后世的工匠提供了坚实的技术基础。
其中，锯子的发明故事最为人们熟知。据传，鲁班在一次外出砍木时，遭遇滑坡，摔倒后用手抓住了一株带锯齿状边缘的草。这一意外的发现启发了他模仿草叶的锯齿形状，发明了锯子。这一发明大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得原本繁琐的木工活变得更加快捷和精准。
此外，鲁班还发明了钻、刨、铲等木工工具，这些工具至今在木工行业中得到广泛应用，成为木匠不可或缺的基本装备。鲁班的发明不仅反映了他极高的工艺水平，更展示了他敏锐的观察力和无与伦比的创造力。

'''三、鲁班发明的古代兵器'''

鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，他在兵器制造方面的贡献也同样重要。鲁班通过深入研究和实践，设计出了一系列具有创新性和实用性的战争器械。
其中，最为人们所称道的是鲁班发明的“云梯”。云梯是一种高大的攻城武器，它能够让攻城士兵轻松越过敌人的城墙。由于其设计高度可达到城墙之上，士兵可以站在云梯顶端向敌人投掷火把、箭矢，甚至跳跃到城墙上进行近战。古人将这种高大的梯子称为“云梯”，寓意其高度仿佛接近云端。

《墨子·公输》一书中提到，鲁班还设计了“钩强”，这是一种专门用于水战的武器，楚国军队曾用它与越国水军作战，取得了显著的战果。钩强的设计灵感来源于自然界的捕捉工具，如螳螂的钳子。
鲁班的兵器设计并不限于云梯和钩强，他还发明了撞车、飞石、连珠箭等一系列攻城武器。这些兵器的设计不仅体现了鲁班深刻的战术思维，也展示了他在机械和杠杆原理上的精湛技艺。即使在今天，鲁班的这些发明依然被认为是古代战争器械中的经典之作。

'''四、中国鲁班奖'''

鲁班的工匠精神在现代建筑行业中得到了传承和发扬。1987年，为了鼓励建筑领域的创新和质量提升，中国建筑业联合会设立了“鲁班奖”。1996年起，奖项名称正式改为“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”，并确立为国家级优质工程奖。
该奖项以鲁班为名，象征着卓越的工艺和创新精神，旨在表彰在建筑质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的项目。鲁班奖的评选标准严格，至今已成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉。鲁班奖的设立，体现了对鲁班精神的尊重与传承，也激励着建筑行业的从业者不断追求卓越，推动中国建筑事业的持续发展。

'''结语'''

鲁班的遗产通过其开创性的发明和卓越的工艺技艺，持续激励着一代又一代人，无论在中国还是世界范围内。他在木工工具和军事武器等领域的贡献对许多行业产生了深远影响。“鲁班奖”则是对他持久影响力的最好见证，象征着现代建筑行业工艺与创新的巅峰。我们在缅怀鲁班成就的同时，也认识到传承和弘扬工匠精神的重要性。这种精神在塑造全球技术进步和文化遗产方面，依然发挥着重要作用。

'''术语与表达'''

Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''问题'''

1.鲁班在木工和军事技术领域做出了哪些贡献？
参考答案：鲁班在木工领域发明了锯子、钻、刨、锄、曲尺和墨斗等工具，这些工具大大提高了工作效率，并为后代工匠奠定了技术基础。在军事技术方面，他设计了“云梯”等创新兵器，用于攀爬城墙，以及“钩强”，一种用于海战的武器。此外，他还发明了攻城锤、飞石机和连发弩等攻城器械。
2.鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源是什么？这一发明对木工产生了怎样的影响？
参考答案：鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源于一次山体滑坡中，他抓住了一种带有锯齿边缘的植物。他模仿这种锯齿形状发明了锯子，大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得切割工作更加快速和精确。
3.什么是鲁班奖？它为何设立？
参考答案：鲁班奖是中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，由中国建筑业协会于1987年设立，旨在鼓励创新、提升建筑质量，同时向鲁班的卓越贡献致敬。该奖项用于表彰在工程质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的建筑项目。
4.为什么鲁班被称为“工匠祖师”？
参考答案：鲁班因其卓越的技艺、创新精神，以及在木工、建筑和军事工程领域的重要贡献，被尊称为“工匠祖师”。他的遗产深刻影响了中国及全球的工匠精神和技术发展。
5.现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学到哪些经验？
参考答案：现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学习到创新意识、对细节的关注和追求卓越的态度。他的精神强调持续改进和追求质量的重要性，这在推动技术进步和保护文化遗产方面依然具有重要意义。

'''参考文献'''

Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

AI Statement
I wrote the entire Chinese article myself and translated it into English. I used AI to help refine the translation.

File:Cloud ladder2.jpg

2024-12-30T05:17:47Z

Xiao Yixuan:

User:Xiao Yixuan

2024-12-30T05:17:33Z

Xiao Yixuan:

Hello, my name is Xiao Yixuan, hailing from Hunan province. Currently pursuing my graduate studies in Japanese Translation at Hunan Normal University, I possess an outgoing personality and enjoy making friends, traveling, and indulging in delicious cuisine. My experience studying and working in Japan has given me insights into its culture, which I've noticed is deeply influenced by China's. This realization fosters a stronger sense of pride in Chinese culture. I eagerly anticipate delving deeper into the nuances of my homeland's culture in this course.

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'''Lu Ban: A Renowned Ancient Chinese Inventor and Craftsman'''
Xiao Yixuan(肖易轩)

'''Abstract'''

Lu Ban is one of the most renowned craftsmen and inventors in ancient China, revered by later generations as the "Master of Craftsmen." Growing up in a family of artisans, he displayed extraordinary intelligence and skill from a young age, eventually surpassing his predecessors to become the foremost craftsman of his time. Lu Ban’s inventions extended beyond woodworking tools to encompass weaponry and agricultural machinery, profoundly influencing the fields of architecture, engineering, and military technology in China and beyond.
Among his many woodworking tools, the most famous include the saw, drill, plane, chisel, set square, and ink marker. The invention of the saw, inspired by the serrated edges of natural grass leaves, significantly improved the efficiency of woodworking. In addition, Lu Ban designed innovative military devices such as the "Cloud Ladder" and the "Gou Qiang," showcasing his exceptional understanding of mechanical principles.
The spirit of craftsmanship embodied by Lu Ban endures to this day. Established in 1987, the "Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering" honors his outstanding contributions and serves as the highest accolade in China’s construction industry, fostering innovation and progress in the field of architecture.

'''Introduction to Lu Ban'''

Lu Ban, born Gongshu Ban, was a craftsman from the state of Lu during the late Spring and Autumn period to the early Warring States period (approximately 507-444 BCE). He is widely regarded as one of the most famous craftsmen and inventors in ancient China. Revered as the "Patron Saint of Craftsmen," Lu Ban's craftsmanship and innovative spirit deeply influenced both Chinese and global developments in architecture, machinery, and weaponry.
Lu Ban was born into a family of craftsmen and began learning woodworking techniques from his father and grandfather at an early age. His extraordinary talent and intellect enabled him to surpass his predecessors and become a celebrated craftsman in his youth. Over time, Lu Ban's fame spread far and wide, not only for his woodworking tools but also for his significant contributions to weaponry and agricultural machinery. His name is still well-known today, and many legends about him, filled with mystical elements, have become symbols of traditional Chinese craftsmanship.

[[File:luban1.jpg]]

'''Lu Ban's Woodworking Inventions'''

Lu Ban's contributions to woodworking tools were extensive, and his inventions covered nearly all the basic tools used in woodworking. Among his most famous inventions were the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line. These tools greatly enhanced the efficiency of woodworking and provided a solid technical foundation for future generations of craftsmen.
The most well-known story about Lu Ban's inventions is that of the saw. According to legend, while out chopping wood, Lu Ban encountered a landslide and, as he fell, grabbed a plant with serrated edges. This accidental discovery inspired him to replicate the serrated shape of the plant's leaves, leading to the invention of the saw. This invention dramatically increased the efficiency of wood processing, turning what was once a cumbersome task into a quicker and more precise job.

[[File:Saw.jpg]]

In addition to the saw, Lu Ban invented other essential woodworking tools such as the drill, plane, and hoe. These tools continue to be widely used in the woodworking industry today, forming the basic equipment every carpenter relies on. Lu Ban's inventions not only reflect his advanced craftsmanship but also demonstrate his sharp observational skills and unparalleled creativity.

'''Lu Ban's Contributions to Ancient Weaponry'''

Lu Ban's genius was not limited to woodworking tools; he also made significant contributions to weaponry. Through careful research and practical experimentation, he designed a series of innovative and practical war machines.
One of his most celebrated inventions was the "cloud ladder," a large siege weapon that allowed soldiers to easily scale enemy walls. The cloud ladder's height could surpass the walls, allowing soldiers to stand atop it and throw firebrands, arrows, or even leap onto the enemy’s wall to engage in close combat. The ladder was so tall that it was called a "cloud ladder," symbolizing its towering height as though reaching the clouds. In the work Mozi: Gongshu, it is mentioned that Lu Ban also designed the "hooked spear," a weapon used in naval warfare. The Chu army used it in their battles with the Yue navy, achieving significant victories. The design of the hooked spear was inspired by natural tools for capturing prey, such as the pincers of a praying mantis.

[[File:cloud ladder2.jpg]]

Lu Ban’s military inventions were not limited to the cloud ladder and the hooked spear. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, the flying stone, and the repeating arrow. These inventions not only reflect Lu Ban's strategic thinking but also showcase his mastery of mechanical and leverage principles. Even today, these ancient war machines are regarded as classics in the history of military engineering.

'''The Lu Ban Prize'''

Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship has been passed on through the ages and continues to inspire the construction industry in modern China. In 1987, in order to encourage innovation and improve quality in the construction field, the China Construction Industry Association established the "Lu Ban Prize." In 1996, the prize's name was officially changed to the "China Construction Engineering Lu Ban Prize" and was recognized as a national award for outstanding engineering projects.
The prize, named after Lu Ban, symbolizes excellence in craftsmanship and innovation. It aims to recognize projects that have made outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application. The selection standards for the Lu Ban Prize are strict, and it has become the highest honor in China’s construction industry. The establishment of the prize not only shows respect for Lu Ban's legacy but also encourages construction professionals to continuously pursue excellence, driving the development of China's construction industry.

'''Conclusion'''

Lu Ban’s legacy continues to inspire generations, both in China and globally, through his groundbreaking inventions and exceptional craftsmanship. From woodworking tools to military weaponry, his contributions have had a lasting impact on many industries. The "Lu Ban Prize" stands as a testament to his enduring influence, symbolizing the pinnacle of craftsmanship and innovation in the modern construction industry. As we honor Lu Ban’s achievements, we also recognize the importance of preserving and nurturing the spirit of craftsmanship, which continues to play a vital role in shaping technological progress and cultural heritage across the world.

'''Terms and Expressions'''

Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''Questions'''

1. What contributions did Lu Ban make to the fields of woodworking and military technology?
Answer:
Lu Ban made significant contributions to woodworking by inventing essential tools such as the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line, which greatly improved efficiency and formed the foundation for future generations of craftsmen. In military technology, he designed innovative weapons like the "Cloud Ladder," used for scaling enemy walls, and the "Gou Qiang" (hooked spear), used in naval battles. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, flying stone, and repeating arrow.
2. What inspired Lu Ban to invent the saw, and how did it impact woodworking?
Answer:
The saw was inspired by Lu Ban’s observation of a plant with serrated edges during a landslide. He replicated the serrated shape, creating the saw, which significantly improved the efficiency of wood processing by making cutting tasks quicker and more precise.
3. What is the Lu Ban Prize, and why was it established?
Answer:
The Lu Ban Prize, established in 1987 by the China Construction Industry Association, is the highest honor in China’s construction industry. It was created to encourage innovation, improve construction quality, and honor Lu Ban’s legacy. The prize recognizes outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application.
4. Why is Lu Ban referred to as the "Master of Craftsmen"?
Answer:
Lu Ban is called the "Master of Craftsmen" because of his exceptional skill, innovative spirit, and significant contributions to various fields, including woodworking, architecture, and military engineering. His legacy has deeply influenced craftsmanship in China and beyond.
5. What lessons can modern professionals draw from Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship?
Answer:
Modern professionals can learn from Lu Ban’s dedication to innovation, meticulous attention to detail, and commitment to excellence. His spirit of craftsmanship emphasizes the importance of continuous improvement and the pursuit of quality, which remain relevant in shaping technological progress and preserving cultural heritage.

'''References'''

Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

'''中国古代著名发明家鲁班'''

'''摘要'''
鲁班是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一，被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”。他从小在工匠家庭中成长，凭借非凡的智慧和技艺，逐渐超越父辈，成为当时的顶尖工匠。鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，还涉及兵器和农业机械，深刻影响了中国及世界的建筑、机械和战争技术。
鲁班发明的木工工具种类繁多，其中最著名的包括锯子、钻、刨、铲、曲尺和墨斗。特别是锯子的发明，灵感来源于自然界的锯齿状草叶，大大提高了木材加工的效率。此外，鲁班还设计了“云梯”和“钩强”等兵器，这些创新的战争器械展现了他在机械原理上的卓越智慧。
鲁班的工匠精神至今传承不息，1987年设立的“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”便是对其卓越贡献的致敬，成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，推动了建筑领域的创新与发展。

'''一、鲁班的简介'''

鲁班，姓公输名般，字子班，春秋末期至战国初期鲁国人，是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一。鲁班被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”，他的工艺技巧与创新精神深刻影响了中国乃至世界的建筑、机械和兵器制造。
鲁班出生于一个工匠家庭，从小便在父亲和祖父的指导下学习木工技艺。少年时代的鲁班聪慧异常，技艺超群，渐渐超越了父辈，成为当时名声赫赫的工匠。
鲁班的发明不仅仅局限于木工工具，他在兵器、农业机械等领域也有显著成就。鲁班的名字在民间广为流传，许多关于他的传说和故事都充满了神奇色彩，成为中国传统工匠精神的象征。

'''二、鲁班发明的木工工具'''

鲁班的木工工具种类繁多，涵盖了木工工作中几乎所有的基本工具。最著名的发明包括锯子、钻、刨子、铲子、曲尺、墨斗等。这些工具的发明和创新，极大地提升了木工的工作效率，也为后世的工匠提供了坚实的技术基础。
其中，锯子的发明故事最为人们熟知。据传，鲁班在一次外出砍木时，遭遇滑坡，摔倒后用手抓住了一株带锯齿状边缘的草。这一意外的发现启发了他模仿草叶的锯齿形状，发明了锯子。这一发明大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得原本繁琐的木工活变得更加快捷和精准。
此外，鲁班还发明了钻、刨、铲等木工工具，这些工具至今在木工行业中得到广泛应用，成为木匠不可或缺的基本装备。鲁班的发明不仅反映了他极高的工艺水平，更展示了他敏锐的观察力和无与伦比的创造力。

'''三、鲁班发明的古代兵器'''

鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，他在兵器制造方面的贡献也同样重要。鲁班通过深入研究和实践，设计出了一系列具有创新性和实用性的战争器械。
其中，最为人们所称道的是鲁班发明的“云梯”。云梯是一种高大的攻城武器，它能够让攻城士兵轻松越过敌人的城墙。由于其设计高度可达到城墙之上，士兵可以站在云梯顶端向敌人投掷火把、箭矢，甚至跳跃到城墙上进行近战。古人将这种高大的梯子称为“云梯”，寓意其高度仿佛接近云端。

《墨子·公输》一书中提到，鲁班还设计了“钩强”，这是一种专门用于水战的武器，楚国军队曾用它与越国水军作战，取得了显著的战果。钩强的设计灵感来源于自然界的捕捉工具，如螳螂的钳子。
鲁班的兵器设计并不限于云梯和钩强，他还发明了撞车、飞石、连珠箭等一系列攻城武器。这些兵器的设计不仅体现了鲁班深刻的战术思维，也展示了他在机械和杠杆原理上的精湛技艺。即使在今天，鲁班的这些发明依然被认为是古代战争器械中的经典之作。

'''四、中国鲁班奖'''

鲁班的工匠精神在现代建筑行业中得到了传承和发扬。1987年，为了鼓励建筑领域的创新和质量提升，中国建筑业联合会设立了“鲁班奖”。1996年起，奖项名称正式改为“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”，并确立为国家级优质工程奖。
该奖项以鲁班为名，象征着卓越的工艺和创新精神，旨在表彰在建筑质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的项目。鲁班奖的评选标准严格，至今已成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉。鲁班奖的设立，体现了对鲁班精神的尊重与传承，也激励着建筑行业的从业者不断追求卓越，推动中国建筑事业的持续发展。

'''结语'''

鲁班的遗产通过其开创性的发明和卓越的工艺技艺，持续激励着一代又一代人，无论在中国还是世界范围内。他在木工工具和军事武器等领域的贡献对许多行业产生了深远影响。“鲁班奖”则是对他持久影响力的最好见证，象征着现代建筑行业工艺与创新的巅峰。我们在缅怀鲁班成就的同时，也认识到传承和弘扬工匠精神的重要性。这种精神在塑造全球技术进步和文化遗产方面，依然发挥着重要作用。

'''术语与表达'''

Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''问题'''

1.鲁班在木工和军事技术领域做出了哪些贡献？
参考答案：鲁班在木工领域发明了锯子、钻、刨、锄、曲尺和墨斗等工具，这些工具大大提高了工作效率，并为后代工匠奠定了技术基础。在军事技术方面，他设计了“云梯”等创新兵器，用于攀爬城墙，以及“钩强”，一种用于海战的武器。此外，他还发明了攻城锤、飞石机和连发弩等攻城器械。
2.鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源是什么？这一发明对木工产生了怎样的影响？
参考答案：鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源于一次山体滑坡中，他抓住了一种带有锯齿边缘的植物。他模仿这种锯齿形状发明了锯子，大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得切割工作更加快速和精确。
3.什么是鲁班奖？它为何设立？
参考答案：鲁班奖是中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，由中国建筑业协会于1987年设立，旨在鼓励创新、提升建筑质量，同时向鲁班的卓越贡献致敬。该奖项用于表彰在工程质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的建筑项目。
4.为什么鲁班被称为“工匠祖师”？
参考答案：鲁班因其卓越的技艺、创新精神，以及在木工、建筑和军事工程领域的重要贡献，被尊称为“工匠祖师”。他的遗产深刻影响了中国及全球的工匠精神和技术发展。
5.现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学到哪些经验？
参考答案：现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学习到创新意识、对细节的关注和追求卓越的态度。他的精神强调持续改进和追求质量的重要性，这在推动技术进步和保护文化遗产方面依然具有重要意义。

'''参考文献'''

Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

User:Xiao Yixuan

2024-12-30T05:14:03Z

Xiao Yixuan:

Hello, my name is Xiao Yixuan, hailing from Hunan province. Currently pursuing my graduate studies in Japanese Translation at Hunan Normal University, I possess an outgoing personality and enjoy making friends, traveling, and indulging in delicious cuisine. My experience studying and working in Japan has given me insights into its culture, which I've noticed is deeply influenced by China's. This realization fosters a stronger sense of pride in Chinese culture. I eagerly anticipate delving deeper into the nuances of my homeland's culture in this course.

10/31 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

11/1 Today, I talked to the AI about movies. Although I haven’t watched any new movies recently due to work being busy, I introduced my favorite old movies.

11/2 Today, I talked to the AI about Japanese cuisine.

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11/4 Today I took my foreign friends to Jinggang, an ancient town near Changsha.I talked to the AI about that thing.

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'''Lu Ban: A Renowned Ancient Chinese Inventor and Craftsman'''
Xiao Yixuan(肖易轩)

'''Abstract'''

Lu Ban is one of the most renowned craftsmen and inventors in ancient China, revered by later generations as the "Master of Craftsmen." Growing up in a family of artisans, he displayed extraordinary intelligence and skill from a young age, eventually surpassing his predecessors to become the foremost craftsman of his time. Lu Ban’s inventions extended beyond woodworking tools to encompass weaponry and agricultural machinery, profoundly influencing the fields of architecture, engineering, and military technology in China and beyond.
Among his many woodworking tools, the most famous include the saw, drill, plane, chisel, set square, and ink marker. The invention of the saw, inspired by the serrated edges of natural grass leaves, significantly improved the efficiency of woodworking. In addition, Lu Ban designed innovative military devices such as the "Cloud Ladder" and the "Gou Qiang," showcasing his exceptional understanding of mechanical principles.
The spirit of craftsmanship embodied by Lu Ban endures to this day. Established in 1987, the "Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering" honors his outstanding contributions and serves as the highest accolade in China’s construction industry, fostering innovation and progress in the field of architecture.

'''Introduction to Lu Ban'''

Lu Ban, born Gongshu Ban, was a craftsman from the state of Lu during the late Spring and Autumn period to the early Warring States period (approximately 507-444 BCE). He is widely regarded as one of the most famous craftsmen and inventors in ancient China. Revered as the "Patron Saint of Craftsmen," Lu Ban's craftsmanship and innovative spirit deeply influenced both Chinese and global developments in architecture, machinery, and weaponry.
Lu Ban was born into a family of craftsmen and began learning woodworking techniques from his father and grandfather at an early age. His extraordinary talent and intellect enabled him to surpass his predecessors and become a celebrated craftsman in his youth. Over time, Lu Ban's fame spread far and wide, not only for his woodworking tools but also for his significant contributions to weaponry and agricultural machinery. His name is still well-known today, and many legends about him, filled with mystical elements, have become symbols of traditional Chinese craftsmanship.

[[File:luban1.jpg]]

'''Lu Ban's Woodworking Inventions'''

Lu Ban's contributions to woodworking tools were extensive, and his inventions covered nearly all the basic tools used in woodworking. Among his most famous inventions were the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line. These tools greatly enhanced the efficiency of woodworking and provided a solid technical foundation for future generations of craftsmen.
The most well-known story about Lu Ban's inventions is that of the saw. According to legend, while out chopping wood, Lu Ban encountered a landslide and, as he fell, grabbed a plant with serrated edges. This accidental discovery inspired him to replicate the serrated shape of the plant's leaves, leading to the invention of the saw. This invention dramatically increased the efficiency of wood processing, turning what was once a cumbersome task into a quicker and more precise job.

[[File:Saw.jpg]]

In addition to the saw, Lu Ban invented other essential woodworking tools such as the drill, plane, and hoe. These tools continue to be widely used in the woodworking industry today, forming the basic equipment every carpenter relies on. Lu Ban's inventions not only reflect his advanced craftsmanship but also demonstrate his sharp observational skills and unparalleled creativity.

'''Lu Ban's Contributions to Ancient Weaponry'''

Lu Ban's genius was not limited to woodworking tools; he also made significant contributions to weaponry. Through careful research and practical experimentation, he designed a series of innovative and practical war machines.
One of his most celebrated inventions was the "cloud ladder," a large siege weapon that allowed soldiers to easily scale enemy walls. The cloud ladder's height could surpass the walls, allowing soldiers to stand atop it and throw firebrands, arrows, or even leap onto the enemy’s wall to engage in close combat. The ladder was so tall that it was called a "cloud ladder," symbolizing its towering height as though reaching the clouds. In the work Mozi: Gongshu, it is mentioned that Lu Ban also designed the "hooked spear," a weapon used in naval warfare. The Chu army used it in their battles with the Yue navy, achieving significant victories. The design of the hooked spear was inspired by natural tools for capturing prey, such as the pincers of a praying mantis.

[[File:The Cloud Ladder1.jpg]]

Lu Ban’s military inventions were not limited to the cloud ladder and the hooked spear. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, the flying stone, and the repeating arrow. These inventions not only reflect Lu Ban's strategic thinking but also showcase his mastery of mechanical and leverage principles. Even today, these ancient war machines are regarded as classics in the history of military engineering.

'''The Lu Ban Prize'''

Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship has been passed on through the ages and continues to inspire the construction industry in modern China. In 1987, in order to encourage innovation and improve quality in the construction field, the China Construction Industry Association established the "Lu Ban Prize." In 1996, the prize's name was officially changed to the "China Construction Engineering Lu Ban Prize" and was recognized as a national award for outstanding engineering projects.
The prize, named after Lu Ban, symbolizes excellence in craftsmanship and innovation. It aims to recognize projects that have made outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application. The selection standards for the Lu Ban Prize are strict, and it has become the highest honor in China’s construction industry. The establishment of the prize not only shows respect for Lu Ban's legacy but also encourages construction professionals to continuously pursue excellence, driving the development of China's construction industry.

'''Conclusion'''

Lu Ban’s legacy continues to inspire generations, both in China and globally, through his groundbreaking inventions and exceptional craftsmanship. From woodworking tools to military weaponry, his contributions have had a lasting impact on many industries. The "Lu Ban Prize" stands as a testament to his enduring influence, symbolizing the pinnacle of craftsmanship and innovation in the modern construction industry. As we honor Lu Ban’s achievements, we also recognize the importance of preserving and nurturing the spirit of craftsmanship, which continues to play a vital role in shaping technological progress and cultural heritage across the world.

'''Terms and Expressions'''

Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''Questions'''

1. What contributions did Lu Ban make to the fields of woodworking and military technology?
Answer:
Lu Ban made significant contributions to woodworking by inventing essential tools such as the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line, which greatly improved efficiency and formed the foundation for future generations of craftsmen. In military technology, he designed innovative weapons like the "Cloud Ladder," used for scaling enemy walls, and the "Gou Qiang" (hooked spear), used in naval battles. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, flying stone, and repeating arrow.
2. What inspired Lu Ban to invent the saw, and how did it impact woodworking?
Answer:
The saw was inspired by Lu Ban’s observation of a plant with serrated edges during a landslide. He replicated the serrated shape, creating the saw, which significantly improved the efficiency of wood processing by making cutting tasks quicker and more precise.
3. What is the Lu Ban Prize, and why was it established?
Answer:
The Lu Ban Prize, established in 1987 by the China Construction Industry Association, is the highest honor in China’s construction industry. It was created to encourage innovation, improve construction quality, and honor Lu Ban’s legacy. The prize recognizes outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application.
4. Why is Lu Ban referred to as the "Master of Craftsmen"?
Answer:
Lu Ban is called the "Master of Craftsmen" because of his exceptional skill, innovative spirit, and significant contributions to various fields, including woodworking, architecture, and military engineering. His legacy has deeply influenced craftsmanship in China and beyond.
5. What lessons can modern professionals draw from Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship?
Answer:
Modern professionals can learn from Lu Ban’s dedication to innovation, meticulous attention to detail, and commitment to excellence. His spirit of craftsmanship emphasizes the importance of continuous improvement and the pursuit of quality, which remain relevant in shaping technological progress and preserving cultural heritage.

'''References'''

Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

'''中国古代著名发明家鲁班'''

'''摘要'''
鲁班是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一，被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”。他从小在工匠家庭中成长，凭借非凡的智慧和技艺，逐渐超越父辈，成为当时的顶尖工匠。鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，还涉及兵器和农业机械，深刻影响了中国及世界的建筑、机械和战争技术。
鲁班发明的木工工具种类繁多，其中最著名的包括锯子、钻、刨、铲、曲尺和墨斗。特别是锯子的发明，灵感来源于自然界的锯齿状草叶，大大提高了木材加工的效率。此外，鲁班还设计了“云梯”和“钩强”等兵器，这些创新的战争器械展现了他在机械原理上的卓越智慧。
鲁班的工匠精神至今传承不息，1987年设立的“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”便是对其卓越贡献的致敬，成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，推动了建筑领域的创新与发展。

'''一、鲁班的简介'''

鲁班，姓公输名般，字子班，春秋末期至战国初期鲁国人，是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一。鲁班被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”，他的工艺技巧与创新精神深刻影响了中国乃至世界的建筑、机械和兵器制造。
鲁班出生于一个工匠家庭，从小便在父亲和祖父的指导下学习木工技艺。少年时代的鲁班聪慧异常，技艺超群，渐渐超越了父辈，成为当时名声赫赫的工匠。
鲁班的发明不仅仅局限于木工工具，他在兵器、农业机械等领域也有显著成就。鲁班的名字在民间广为流传，许多关于他的传说和故事都充满了神奇色彩，成为中国传统工匠精神的象征。

'''二、鲁班发明的木工工具'''

鲁班的木工工具种类繁多，涵盖了木工工作中几乎所有的基本工具。最著名的发明包括锯子、钻、刨子、铲子、曲尺、墨斗等。这些工具的发明和创新，极大地提升了木工的工作效率，也为后世的工匠提供了坚实的技术基础。
其中，锯子的发明故事最为人们熟知。据传，鲁班在一次外出砍木时，遭遇滑坡，摔倒后用手抓住了一株带锯齿状边缘的草。这一意外的发现启发了他模仿草叶的锯齿形状，发明了锯子。这一发明大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得原本繁琐的木工活变得更加快捷和精准。
此外，鲁班还发明了钻、刨、铲等木工工具，这些工具至今在木工行业中得到广泛应用，成为木匠不可或缺的基本装备。鲁班的发明不仅反映了他极高的工艺水平，更展示了他敏锐的观察力和无与伦比的创造力。

'''三、鲁班发明的古代兵器'''

鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，他在兵器制造方面的贡献也同样重要。鲁班通过深入研究和实践，设计出了一系列具有创新性和实用性的战争器械。
其中，最为人们所称道的是鲁班发明的“云梯”。云梯是一种高大的攻城武器，它能够让攻城士兵轻松越过敌人的城墙。由于其设计高度可达到城墙之上，士兵可以站在云梯顶端向敌人投掷火把、箭矢，甚至跳跃到城墙上进行近战。古人将这种高大的梯子称为“云梯”，寓意其高度仿佛接近云端。

《墨子·公输》一书中提到，鲁班还设计了“钩强”，这是一种专门用于水战的武器，楚国军队曾用它与越国水军作战，取得了显著的战果。钩强的设计灵感来源于自然界的捕捉工具，如螳螂的钳子。
鲁班的兵器设计并不限于云梯和钩强，他还发明了撞车、飞石、连珠箭等一系列攻城武器。这些兵器的设计不仅体现了鲁班深刻的战术思维，也展示了他在机械和杠杆原理上的精湛技艺。即使在今天，鲁班的这些发明依然被认为是古代战争器械中的经典之作。

'''四、中国鲁班奖'''

鲁班的工匠精神在现代建筑行业中得到了传承和发扬。1987年，为了鼓励建筑领域的创新和质量提升，中国建筑业联合会设立了“鲁班奖”。1996年起，奖项名称正式改为“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”，并确立为国家级优质工程奖。
该奖项以鲁班为名，象征着卓越的工艺和创新精神，旨在表彰在建筑质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的项目。鲁班奖的评选标准严格，至今已成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉。鲁班奖的设立，体现了对鲁班精神的尊重与传承，也激励着建筑行业的从业者不断追求卓越，推动中国建筑事业的持续发展。

'''结语'''

鲁班的遗产通过其开创性的发明和卓越的工艺技艺，持续激励着一代又一代人，无论在中国还是世界范围内。他在木工工具和军事武器等领域的贡献对许多行业产生了深远影响。“鲁班奖”则是对他持久影响力的最好见证，象征着现代建筑行业工艺与创新的巅峰。我们在缅怀鲁班成就的同时，也认识到传承和弘扬工匠精神的重要性。这种精神在塑造全球技术进步和文化遗产方面，依然发挥着重要作用。

'''术语与表达'''

Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''问题'''

1.鲁班在木工和军事技术领域做出了哪些贡献？
参考答案：鲁班在木工领域发明了锯子、钻、刨、锄、曲尺和墨斗等工具，这些工具大大提高了工作效率，并为后代工匠奠定了技术基础。在军事技术方面，他设计了“云梯”等创新兵器，用于攀爬城墙，以及“钩强”，一种用于海战的武器。此外，他还发明了攻城锤、飞石机和连发弩等攻城器械。
2.鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源是什么？这一发明对木工产生了怎样的影响？
参考答案：鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源于一次山体滑坡中，他抓住了一种带有锯齿边缘的植物。他模仿这种锯齿形状发明了锯子，大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得切割工作更加快速和精确。
3.什么是鲁班奖？它为何设立？
参考答案：鲁班奖是中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，由中国建筑业协会于1987年设立，旨在鼓励创新、提升建筑质量，同时向鲁班的卓越贡献致敬。该奖项用于表彰在工程质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的建筑项目。
4.为什么鲁班被称为“工匠祖师”？
参考答案：鲁班因其卓越的技艺、创新精神，以及在木工、建筑和军事工程领域的重要贡献，被尊称为“工匠祖师”。他的遗产深刻影响了中国及全球的工匠精神和技术发展。
5.现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学到哪些经验？
参考答案：现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学习到创新意识、对细节的关注和追求卓越的态度。他的精神强调持续改进和追求质量的重要性，这在推动技术进步和保护文化遗产方面依然具有重要意义。

'''参考文献'''

Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

User:Xiao Yixuan

2024-12-30T05:12:18Z

Xiao Yixuan:

Hello, my name is Xiao Yixuan, hailing from Hunan province. Currently pursuing my graduate studies in Japanese Translation at Hunan Normal University, I possess an outgoing personality and enjoy making friends, traveling, and indulging in delicious cuisine. My experience studying and working in Japan has given me insights into its culture, which I've noticed is deeply influenced by China's. This realization fosters a stronger sense of pride in Chinese culture. I eagerly anticipate delving deeper into the nuances of my homeland's culture in this course.

10/31 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

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'''Lu Ban: A Renowned Ancient Chinese Inventor and Craftsman'''
Xiao Yixuan(肖易轩)

'''Abstract'''

Lu Ban is one of the most renowned craftsmen and inventors in ancient China, revered by later generations as the "Master of Craftsmen." Growing up in a family of artisans, he displayed extraordinary intelligence and skill from a young age, eventually surpassing his predecessors to become the foremost craftsman of his time. Lu Ban’s inventions extended beyond woodworking tools to encompass weaponry and agricultural machinery, profoundly influencing the fields of architecture, engineering, and military technology in China and beyond.
Among his many woodworking tools, the most famous include the saw, drill, plane, chisel, set square, and ink marker. The invention of the saw, inspired by the serrated edges of natural grass leaves, significantly improved the efficiency of woodworking. In addition, Lu Ban designed innovative military devices such as the "Cloud Ladder" and the "Gou Qiang," showcasing his exceptional understanding of mechanical principles.
The spirit of craftsmanship embodied by Lu Ban endures to this day. Established in 1987, the "Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering" honors his outstanding contributions and serves as the highest accolade in China’s construction industry, fostering innovation and progress in the field of architecture.

'''Introduction to Lu Ban'''

Lu Ban, born Gongshu Ban, was a craftsman from the state of Lu during the late Spring and Autumn period to the early Warring States period (approximately 507-444 BCE). He is widely regarded as one of the most famous craftsmen and inventors in ancient China. Revered as the "Patron Saint of Craftsmen," Lu Ban's craftsmanship and innovative spirit deeply influenced both Chinese and global developments in architecture, machinery, and weaponry.
Lu Ban was born into a family of craftsmen and began learning woodworking techniques from his father and grandfather at an early age. His extraordinary talent and intellect enabled him to surpass his predecessors and become a celebrated craftsman in his youth. Over time, Lu Ban's fame spread far and wide, not only for his woodworking tools but also for his significant contributions to weaponry and agricultural machinery. His name is still well-known today, and many legends about him, filled with mystical elements, have become symbols of traditional Chinese craftsmanship.
[[File:luban1.jpg]]

'''Lu Ban's Woodworking Inventions'''

Lu Ban's contributions to woodworking tools were extensive, and his inventions covered nearly all the basic tools used in woodworking. Among his most famous inventions were the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line. These tools greatly enhanced the efficiency of woodworking and provided a solid technical foundation for future generations of craftsmen.
The most well-known story about Lu Ban's inventions is that of the saw. According to legend, while out chopping wood, Lu Ban encountered a landslide and, as he fell, grabbed a plant with serrated edges. This accidental discovery inspired him to replicate the serrated shape of the plant's leaves, leading to the invention of the saw. This invention dramatically increased the efficiency of wood processing, turning what was once a cumbersome task into a quicker and more precise job.
[[File:Saw.jpg]]
In addition to the saw, Lu Ban invented other essential woodworking tools such as the drill, plane, and hoe. These tools continue to be widely used in the woodworking industry today, forming the basic equipment every carpenter relies on. Lu Ban's inventions not only reflect his advanced craftsmanship but also demonstrate his sharp observational skills and unparalleled creativity.

'''Lu Ban's Contributions to Ancient Weaponry'''

Lu Ban's genius was not limited to woodworking tools; he also made significant contributions to weaponry. Through careful research and practical experimentation, he designed a series of innovative and practical war machines.
One of his most celebrated inventions was the "cloud ladder," a large siege weapon that allowed soldiers to easily scale enemy walls. The cloud ladder's height could surpass the walls, allowing soldiers to stand atop it and throw firebrands, arrows, or even leap onto the enemy’s wall to engage in close combat. The ladder was so tall that it was called a "cloud ladder," symbolizing its towering height as though reaching the clouds. In the work Mozi: Gongshu, it is mentioned that Lu Ban also designed the "hooked spear," a weapon used in naval warfare. The Chu army used it in their battles with the Yue navy, achieving significant victories. The design of the hooked spear was inspired by natural tools for capturing prey, such as the pincers of a praying mantis.
[[File:The Cloud Ladder1.jpg]]
Lu Ban’s military inventions were not limited to the cloud ladder and the hooked spear. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, the flying stone, and the repeating arrow. These inventions not only reflect Lu Ban's strategic thinking but also showcase his mastery of mechanical and leverage principles. Even today, these ancient war machines are regarded as classics in the history of military engineering.

'''The Lu Ban Prize'''

Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship has been passed on through the ages and continues to inspire the construction industry in modern China. In 1987, in order to encourage innovation and improve quality in the construction field, the China Construction Industry Association established the "Lu Ban Prize." In 1996, the prize's name was officially changed to the "China Construction Engineering Lu Ban Prize" and was recognized as a national award for outstanding engineering projects.
The prize, named after Lu Ban, symbolizes excellence in craftsmanship and innovation. It aims to recognize projects that have made outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application. The selection standards for the Lu Ban Prize are strict, and it has become the highest honor in China’s construction industry. The establishment of the prize not only shows respect for Lu Ban's legacy but also encourages construction professionals to continuously pursue excellence, driving the development of China's construction industry.

'''Conclusion'''

Lu Ban’s legacy continues to inspire generations, both in China and globally, through his groundbreaking inventions and exceptional craftsmanship. From woodworking tools to military weaponry, his contributions have had a lasting impact on many industries. The "Lu Ban Prize" stands as a testament to his enduring influence, symbolizing the pinnacle of craftsmanship and innovation in the modern construction industry. As we honor Lu Ban’s achievements, we also recognize the importance of preserving and nurturing the spirit of craftsmanship, which continues to play a vital role in shaping technological progress and cultural heritage across the world.

'''Terms and Expressions'''

Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''Questions'''

1. What contributions did Lu Ban make to the fields of woodworking and military technology?
Answer:
Lu Ban made significant contributions to woodworking by inventing essential tools such as the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line, which greatly improved efficiency and formed the foundation for future generations of craftsmen. In military technology, he designed innovative weapons like the "Cloud Ladder," used for scaling enemy walls, and the "Gou Qiang" (hooked spear), used in naval battles. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, flying stone, and repeating arrow.
2. What inspired Lu Ban to invent the saw, and how did it impact woodworking?
Answer:
The saw was inspired by Lu Ban’s observation of a plant with serrated edges during a landslide. He replicated the serrated shape, creating the saw, which significantly improved the efficiency of wood processing by making cutting tasks quicker and more precise.
3. What is the Lu Ban Prize, and why was it established?
Answer:
The Lu Ban Prize, established in 1987 by the China Construction Industry Association, is the highest honor in China’s construction industry. It was created to encourage innovation, improve construction quality, and honor Lu Ban’s legacy. The prize recognizes outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application.
4. Why is Lu Ban referred to as the "Master of Craftsmen"?
Answer:
Lu Ban is called the "Master of Craftsmen" because of his exceptional skill, innovative spirit, and significant contributions to various fields, including woodworking, architecture, and military engineering. His legacy has deeply influenced craftsmanship in China and beyond.
5. What lessons can modern professionals draw from Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship?
Answer:
Modern professionals can learn from Lu Ban’s dedication to innovation, meticulous attention to detail, and commitment to excellence. His spirit of craftsmanship emphasizes the importance of continuous improvement and the pursuit of quality, which remain relevant in shaping technological progress and preserving cultural heritage.

'''References'''

Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

'''中国古代著名发明家鲁班'''

'''摘要'''
鲁班是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一，被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”。他从小在工匠家庭中成长，凭借非凡的智慧和技艺，逐渐超越父辈，成为当时的顶尖工匠。鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，还涉及兵器和农业机械，深刻影响了中国及世界的建筑、机械和战争技术。
鲁班发明的木工工具种类繁多，其中最著名的包括锯子、钻、刨、铲、曲尺和墨斗。特别是锯子的发明，灵感来源于自然界的锯齿状草叶，大大提高了木材加工的效率。此外，鲁班还设计了“云梯”和“钩强”等兵器，这些创新的战争器械展现了他在机械原理上的卓越智慧。
鲁班的工匠精神至今传承不息，1987年设立的“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”便是对其卓越贡献的致敬，成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，推动了建筑领域的创新与发展。

'''一、鲁班的简介'''

鲁班，姓公输名般，字子班，春秋末期至战国初期鲁国人，是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一。鲁班被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”，他的工艺技巧与创新精神深刻影响了中国乃至世界的建筑、机械和兵器制造。
鲁班出生于一个工匠家庭，从小便在父亲和祖父的指导下学习木工技艺。少年时代的鲁班聪慧异常，技艺超群，渐渐超越了父辈，成为当时名声赫赫的工匠。
鲁班的发明不仅仅局限于木工工具，他在兵器、农业机械等领域也有显著成就。鲁班的名字在民间广为流传，许多关于他的传说和故事都充满了神奇色彩，成为中国传统工匠精神的象征。

'''二、鲁班发明的木工工具'''

鲁班的木工工具种类繁多，涵盖了木工工作中几乎所有的基本工具。最著名的发明包括锯子、钻、刨子、铲子、曲尺、墨斗等。这些工具的发明和创新，极大地提升了木工的工作效率，也为后世的工匠提供了坚实的技术基础。
其中，锯子的发明故事最为人们熟知。据传，鲁班在一次外出砍木时，遭遇滑坡，摔倒后用手抓住了一株带锯齿状边缘的草。这一意外的发现启发了他模仿草叶的锯齿形状，发明了锯子。这一发明大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得原本繁琐的木工活变得更加快捷和精准。
此外，鲁班还发明了钻、刨、铲等木工工具，这些工具至今在木工行业中得到广泛应用，成为木匠不可或缺的基本装备。鲁班的发明不仅反映了他极高的工艺水平，更展示了他敏锐的观察力和无与伦比的创造力。

'''三、鲁班发明的古代兵器'''

鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，他在兵器制造方面的贡献也同样重要。鲁班通过深入研究和实践，设计出了一系列具有创新性和实用性的战争器械。
其中，最为人们所称道的是鲁班发明的“云梯”。云梯是一种高大的攻城武器，它能够让攻城士兵轻松越过敌人的城墙。由于其设计高度可达到城墙之上，士兵可以站在云梯顶端向敌人投掷火把、箭矢，甚至跳跃到城墙上进行近战。古人将这种高大的梯子称为“云梯”，寓意其高度仿佛接近云端。

《墨子·公输》一书中提到，鲁班还设计了“钩强”，这是一种专门用于水战的武器，楚国军队曾用它与越国水军作战，取得了显著的战果。钩强的设计灵感来源于自然界的捕捉工具，如螳螂的钳子。
鲁班的兵器设计并不限于云梯和钩强，他还发明了撞车、飞石、连珠箭等一系列攻城武器。这些兵器的设计不仅体现了鲁班深刻的战术思维，也展示了他在机械和杠杆原理上的精湛技艺。即使在今天，鲁班的这些发明依然被认为是古代战争器械中的经典之作。

'''四、中国鲁班奖'''

鲁班的工匠精神在现代建筑行业中得到了传承和发扬。1987年，为了鼓励建筑领域的创新和质量提升，中国建筑业联合会设立了“鲁班奖”。1996年起，奖项名称正式改为“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”，并确立为国家级优质工程奖。
该奖项以鲁班为名，象征着卓越的工艺和创新精神，旨在表彰在建筑质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的项目。鲁班奖的评选标准严格，至今已成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉。鲁班奖的设立，体现了对鲁班精神的尊重与传承，也激励着建筑行业的从业者不断追求卓越，推动中国建筑事业的持续发展。

'''结语'''

鲁班的遗产通过其开创性的发明和卓越的工艺技艺，持续激励着一代又一代人，无论在中国还是世界范围内。他在木工工具和军事武器等领域的贡献对许多行业产生了深远影响。“鲁班奖”则是对他持久影响力的最好见证，象征着现代建筑行业工艺与创新的巅峰。我们在缅怀鲁班成就的同时，也认识到传承和弘扬工匠精神的重要性。这种精神在塑造全球技术进步和文化遗产方面，依然发挥着重要作用。

'''术语与表达'''

Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''问题'''

1.鲁班在木工和军事技术领域做出了哪些贡献？
参考答案：鲁班在木工领域发明了锯子、钻、刨、锄、曲尺和墨斗等工具，这些工具大大提高了工作效率，并为后代工匠奠定了技术基础。在军事技术方面，他设计了“云梯”等创新兵器，用于攀爬城墙，以及“钩强”，一种用于海战的武器。此外，他还发明了攻城锤、飞石机和连发弩等攻城器械。
2.鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源是什么？这一发明对木工产生了怎样的影响？
参考答案：鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源于一次山体滑坡中，他抓住了一种带有锯齿边缘的植物。他模仿这种锯齿形状发明了锯子，大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得切割工作更加快速和精确。
3.什么是鲁班奖？它为何设立？
参考答案：鲁班奖是中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，由中国建筑业协会于1987年设立，旨在鼓励创新、提升建筑质量，同时向鲁班的卓越贡献致敬。该奖项用于表彰在工程质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的建筑项目。
4.为什么鲁班被称为“工匠祖师”？
参考答案：鲁班因其卓越的技艺、创新精神，以及在木工、建筑和军事工程领域的重要贡献，被尊称为“工匠祖师”。他的遗产深刻影响了中国及全球的工匠精神和技术发展。
5.现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学到哪些经验？
参考答案：现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学习到创新意识、对细节的关注和追求卓越的态度。他的精神强调持续改进和追求质量的重要性，这在推动技术进步和保护文化遗产方面依然具有重要意义。

'''参考文献'''

Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

File:The Cloud Ladder1.jpg

2024-12-30T03:55:01Z

Xiao Yixuan:

File:Saw.jpg

2024-12-30T03:53:57Z

Xiao Yixuan:

File:Luban1.jpg

2024-12-30T03:53:28Z

Xiao Yixuan:

User:Xiao Yixuan

2024-12-30T03:51:48Z

Xiao Yixuan:

Hello, my name is Xiao Yixuan, hailing from Hunan province. Currently pursuing my graduate studies in Japanese Translation at Hunan Normal University, I possess an outgoing personality and enjoy making friends, traveling, and indulging in delicious cuisine. My experience studying and working in Japan has given me insights into its culture, which I've noticed is deeply influenced by China's. This realization fosters a stronger sense of pride in Chinese culture. I eagerly anticipate delving deeper into the nuances of my homeland's culture in this course.

10/31 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

11/1 Today, I talked to the AI about movies. Although I haven’t watched any new movies recently due to work being busy, I introduced my favorite old movies.

11/2 Today, I talked to the AI about Japanese cuisine.

11/3 Today, I talked to the AI about Qipao(cheongsam).

11/4 Today I took my foreign friends to Jinggang, an ancient town near Changsha.I talked to the AI about that thing.

11/6 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

11/8 Today, we talked about Chinese cuisine, including dumplings and Hunan dishes.

11/13 Today, we discussed health-related topics, such as how to take good care of our spines.

11/15 Today, we talked about the challenge of memorizing vocabulary.

11/17 Today, we didn’t talk about anything.

11/18 Today, we discussed the issue of changing weather; the temperature suddenly dropped.

11/23 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

11/24 Talk about my family.

11/25 Talk about my friends.

11/26 Discuss my school.

11/27 Share my favorite movies

11/29 Share my favorite books

11/30 Talk about American fast food culture

12/01 Discuss sports

12/02 Today, we didn’t talk about anything.

12/03 Talk about travel

12/04 Discuss Christmas celebrations

12/05 Today, I talked to the AI about dogs.

12/06 Discuss music.

12/07 Discuss fruit

12/08 Today, I talked to the AI about Chinese cuisine.

12/09 Today, I talked to the AI about kites.

12/10 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

12/11 Today, I talked to the AI about my mother.

12/12 Today, I talked to the AI about my friends.

12/13 Today, I talked to the AI about colors which I like.

12/14 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

12/15 Today, I talked to the AI about my new car.

12/16 Today, I talked to the AI about hand cream.

12/17 Today, I talked to the AI about takeout service.

12/18 Today, I talked to the AI about work-fires.

12/19 Today, I talked to the AI about cosmetics.

12/20 Discuss Christmas.

'''Lu Ban: A Renowned Ancient Chinese Inventor and Craftsman'''
Xiao Yixuan(肖易轩)

'''Abstract'''
Lu Ban is one of the most renowned craftsmen and inventors in ancient China, revered by later generations as the "Master of Craftsmen." Growing up in a family of artisans, he displayed extraordinary intelligence and skill from a young age, eventually surpassing his predecessors to become the foremost craftsman of his time. Lu Ban’s inventions extended beyond woodworking tools to encompass weaponry and agricultural machinery, profoundly influencing the fields of architecture, engineering, and military technology in China and beyond.
Among his many woodworking tools, the most famous include the saw, drill, plane, chisel, set square, and ink marker. The invention of the saw, inspired by the serrated edges of natural grass leaves, significantly improved the efficiency of woodworking. In addition, Lu Ban designed innovative military devices such as the "Cloud Ladder" and the "Gou Qiang," showcasing his exceptional understanding of mechanical principles.
The spirit of craftsmanship embodied by Lu Ban endures to this day. Established in 1987, the "Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering" honors his outstanding contributions and serves as the highest accolade in China’s construction industry, fostering innovation and progress in the field of architecture.

'''Introduction to Lu Ban'''
Lu Ban, born Gongshu Ban, was a craftsman from the state of Lu during the late Spring and Autumn period to the early Warring States period (approximately 507-444 BCE). He is widely regarded as one of the most famous craftsmen and inventors in ancient China. Revered as the "Patron Saint of Craftsmen," Lu Ban's craftsmanship and innovative spirit deeply influenced both Chinese and global developments in architecture, machinery, and weaponry.
Lu Ban was born into a family of craftsmen and began learning woodworking techniques from his father and grandfather at an early age. His extraordinary talent and intellect enabled him to surpass his predecessors and become a celebrated craftsman in his youth. Over time, Lu Ban's fame spread far and wide, not only for his woodworking tools but also for his significant contributions to weaponry and agricultural machinery. His name is still well-known today, and many legends about him, filled with mystical elements, have become symbols of traditional Chinese craftsmanship.
[[File:luban1.jpg]]

'''Lu Ban's Woodworking Inventions'''
Lu Ban's contributions to woodworking tools were extensive, and his inventions covered nearly all the basic tools used in woodworking. Among his most famous inventions were the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line. These tools greatly enhanced the efficiency of woodworking and provided a solid technical foundation for future generations of craftsmen.
The most well-known story about Lu Ban's inventions is that of the saw. According to legend, while out chopping wood, Lu Ban encountered a landslide and, as he fell, grabbed a plant with serrated edges. This accidental discovery inspired him to replicate the serrated shape of the plant's leaves, leading to the invention of the saw. This invention dramatically increased the efficiency of wood processing, turning what was once a cumbersome task into a quicker and more precise job.
[[File:Saw.jpg]]
In addition to the saw, Lu Ban invented other essential woodworking tools such as the drill, plane, and hoe. These tools continue to be widely used in the woodworking industry today, forming the basic equipment every carpenter relies on. Lu Ban's inventions not only reflect his advanced craftsmanship but also demonstrate his sharp observational skills and unparalleled creativity.

'''Lu Ban's Contributions to Ancient Weaponry'''
Lu Ban's genius was not limited to woodworking tools; he also made significant contributions to weaponry. Through careful research and practical experimentation, he designed a series of innovative and practical war machines.
One of his most celebrated inventions was the "cloud ladder," a large siege weapon that allowed soldiers to easily scale enemy walls. The cloud ladder's height could surpass the walls, allowing soldiers to stand atop it and throw firebrands, arrows, or even leap onto the enemy’s wall to engage in close combat. The ladder was so tall that it was called a "cloud ladder," symbolizing its towering height as though reaching the clouds. In the work Mozi: Gongshu, it is mentioned that Lu Ban also designed the "hooked spear," a weapon used in naval warfare. The Chu army used it in their battles with the Yue navy, achieving significant victories. The design of the hooked spear was inspired by natural tools for capturing prey, such as the pincers of a praying mantis.
[[File:The Cloud Ladder1.jpg]]
Lu Ban’s military inventions were not limited to the cloud ladder and the hooked spear. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, the flying stone, and the repeating arrow. These inventions not only reflect Lu Ban's strategic thinking but also showcase his mastery of mechanical and leverage principles. Even today, these ancient war machines are regarded as classics in the history of military engineering.

'''The Lu Ban Prize'''
Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship has been passed on through the ages and continues to inspire the construction industry in modern China. In 1987, in order to encourage innovation and improve quality in the construction field, the China Construction Industry Association established the "Lu Ban Prize." In 1996, the prize's name was officially changed to the "China Construction Engineering Lu Ban Prize" and was recognized as a national award for outstanding engineering projects.
The prize, named after Lu Ban, symbolizes excellence in craftsmanship and innovation. It aims to recognize projects that have made outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application. The selection standards for the Lu Ban Prize are strict, and it has become the highest honor in China’s construction industry. The establishment of the prize not only shows respect for Lu Ban's legacy but also encourages construction professionals to continuously pursue excellence, driving the development of China's construction industry.

'''Conclusion'''
Lu Ban’s legacy continues to inspire generations, both in China and globally, through his groundbreaking inventions and exceptional craftsmanship. From woodworking tools to military weaponry, his contributions have had a lasting impact on many industries. The "Lu Ban Prize" stands as a testament to his enduring influence, symbolizing the pinnacle of craftsmanship and innovation in the modern construction industry. As we honor Lu Ban’s achievements, we also recognize the importance of preserving and nurturing the spirit of craftsmanship, which continues to play a vital role in shaping technological progress and cultural heritage across the world.

'''Terms and Expressions'''
Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''Questions'''
1. What contributions did Lu Ban make to the fields of woodworking and military technology?
Answer:
Lu Ban made significant contributions to woodworking by inventing essential tools such as the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line, which greatly improved efficiency and formed the foundation for future generations of craftsmen. In military technology, he designed innovative weapons like the "Cloud Ladder," used for scaling enemy walls, and the "Gou Qiang" (hooked spear), used in naval battles. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, flying stone, and repeating arrow.
2. What inspired Lu Ban to invent the saw, and how did it impact woodworking?
Answer:
The saw was inspired by Lu Ban’s observation of a plant with serrated edges during a landslide. He replicated the serrated shape, creating the saw, which significantly improved the efficiency of wood processing by making cutting tasks quicker and more precise.
3. What is the Lu Ban Prize, and why was it established?
Answer:
The Lu Ban Prize, established in 1987 by the China Construction Industry Association, is the highest honor in China’s construction industry. It was created to encourage innovation, improve construction quality, and honor Lu Ban’s legacy. The prize recognizes outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application.
4. Why is Lu Ban referred to as the "Master of Craftsmen"?
Answer:
Lu Ban is called the "Master of Craftsmen" because of his exceptional skill, innovative spirit, and significant contributions to various fields, including woodworking, architecture, and military engineering. His legacy has deeply influenced craftsmanship in China and beyond.
5. What lessons can modern professionals draw from Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship?
Answer:
Modern professionals can learn from Lu Ban’s dedication to innovation, meticulous attention to detail, and commitment to excellence. His spirit of craftsmanship emphasizes the importance of continuous improvement and the pursuit of quality, which remain relevant in shaping technological progress and preserving cultural heritage.

'''References'''
Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

'''中国古代著名发明家鲁班'''

'''摘要'''
鲁班是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一，被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”。他从小在工匠家庭中成长，凭借非凡的智慧和技艺，逐渐超越父辈，成为当时的顶尖工匠。鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，还涉及兵器和农业机械，深刻影响了中国及世界的建筑、机械和战争技术。
鲁班发明的木工工具种类繁多，其中最著名的包括锯子、钻、刨、铲、曲尺和墨斗。特别是锯子的发明，灵感来源于自然界的锯齿状草叶，大大提高了木材加工的效率。此外，鲁班还设计了“云梯”和“钩强”等兵器，这些创新的战争器械展现了他在机械原理上的卓越智慧。
鲁班的工匠精神至今传承不息，1987年设立的“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”便是对其卓越贡献的致敬，成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，推动了建筑领域的创新与发展。

'''一、鲁班的简介'''
鲁班，姓公输名般，字子班，春秋末期至战国初期鲁国人，是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一。鲁班被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”，他的工艺技巧与创新精神深刻影响了中国乃至世界的建筑、机械和兵器制造。
鲁班出生于一个工匠家庭，从小便在父亲和祖父的指导下学习木工技艺。少年时代的鲁班聪慧异常，技艺超群，渐渐超越了父辈，成为当时名声赫赫的工匠。
鲁班的发明不仅仅局限于木工工具，他在兵器、农业机械等领域也有显著成就。鲁班的名字在民间广为流传，许多关于他的传说和故事都充满了神奇色彩，成为中国传统工匠精神的象征。

'''二、鲁班发明的木工工具'''
鲁班的木工工具种类繁多，涵盖了木工工作中几乎所有的基本工具。最著名的发明包括锯子、钻、刨子、铲子、曲尺、墨斗等。这些工具的发明和创新，极大地提升了木工的工作效率，也为后世的工匠提供了坚实的技术基础。
其中，锯子的发明故事最为人们熟知。据传，鲁班在一次外出砍木时，遭遇滑坡，摔倒后用手抓住了一株带锯齿状边缘的草。这一意外的发现启发了他模仿草叶的锯齿形状，发明了锯子。这一发明大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得原本繁琐的木工活变得更加快捷和精准。
此外，鲁班还发明了钻、刨、铲等木工工具，这些工具至今在木工行业中得到广泛应用，成为木匠不可或缺的基本装备。鲁班的发明不仅反映了他极高的工艺水平，更展示了他敏锐的观察力和无与伦比的创造力。

'''三、鲁班发明的古代兵器'''
鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，他在兵器制造方面的贡献也同样重要。鲁班通过深入研究和实践，设计出了一系列具有创新性和实用性的战争器械。
其中，最为人们所称道的是鲁班发明的“云梯”。云梯是一种高大的攻城武器，它能够让攻城士兵轻松越过敌人的城墙。由于其设计高度可达到城墙之上，士兵可以站在云梯顶端向敌人投掷火把、箭矢，甚至跳跃到城墙上进行近战。古人将这种高大的梯子称为“云梯”，寓意其高度仿佛接近云端。

《墨子·公输》一书中提到，鲁班还设计了“钩强”，这是一种专门用于水战的武器，楚国军队曾用它与越国水军作战，取得了显著的战果。钩强的设计灵感来源于自然界的捕捉工具，如螳螂的钳子。
鲁班的兵器设计并不限于云梯和钩强，他还发明了撞车、飞石、连珠箭等一系列攻城武器。这些兵器的设计不仅体现了鲁班深刻的战术思维，也展示了他在机械和杠杆原理上的精湛技艺。即使在今天，鲁班的这些发明依然被认为是古代战争器械中的经典之作。

'''四、中国鲁班奖'''
鲁班的工匠精神在现代建筑行业中得到了传承和发扬。1987年，为了鼓励建筑领域的创新和质量提升，中国建筑业联合会设立了“鲁班奖”。1996年起，奖项名称正式改为“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”，并确立为国家级优质工程奖。
该奖项以鲁班为名，象征着卓越的工艺和创新精神，旨在表彰在建筑质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的项目。鲁班奖的评选标准严格，至今已成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉。鲁班奖的设立，体现了对鲁班精神的尊重与传承，也激励着建筑行业的从业者不断追求卓越，推动中国建筑事业的持续发展。

'''结语'''
鲁班的遗产通过其开创性的发明和卓越的工艺技艺，持续激励着一代又一代人，无论在中国还是世界范围内。他在木工工具和军事武器等领域的贡献对许多行业产生了深远影响。“鲁班奖”则是对他持久影响力的最好见证，象征着现代建筑行业工艺与创新的巅峰。我们在缅怀鲁班成就的同时，也认识到传承和弘扬工匠精神的重要性。这种精神在塑造全球技术进步和文化遗产方面，依然发挥着重要作用。

'''术语与表达'''
Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''问题'''
1.鲁班在木工和军事技术领域做出了哪些贡献？
参考答案：鲁班在木工领域发明了锯子、钻、刨、锄、曲尺和墨斗等工具，这些工具大大提高了工作效率，并为后代工匠奠定了技术基础。在军事技术方面，他设计了“云梯”等创新兵器，用于攀爬城墙，以及“钩强”，一种用于海战的武器。此外，他还发明了攻城锤、飞石机和连发弩等攻城器械。
2.鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源是什么？这一发明对木工产生了怎样的影响？
参考答案：鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源于一次山体滑坡中，他抓住了一种带有锯齿边缘的植物。他模仿这种锯齿形状发明了锯子，大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得切割工作更加快速和精确。
3.什么是鲁班奖？它为何设立？
参考答案：鲁班奖是中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，由中国建筑业协会于1987年设立，旨在鼓励创新、提升建筑质量，同时向鲁班的卓越贡献致敬。该奖项用于表彰在工程质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的建筑项目。
4.为什么鲁班被称为“工匠祖师”？
参考答案：鲁班因其卓越的技艺、创新精神，以及在木工、建筑和军事工程领域的重要贡献，被尊称为“工匠祖师”。他的遗产深刻影响了中国及全球的工匠精神和技术发展。
5.现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学到哪些经验？
参考答案：现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学习到创新意识、对细节的关注和追求卓越的态度。他的精神强调持续改进和追求质量的重要性，这在推动技术进步和保护文化遗产方面依然具有重要意义。

'''参考文献'''
Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

User:Xiao Yixuan

2024-12-30T03:27:42Z

Xiao Yixuan:

Hello, my name is Xiao Yixuan, hailing from Hunan province. Currently pursuing my graduate studies in Japanese Translation at Hunan Normal University, I possess an outgoing personality and enjoy making friends, traveling, and indulging in delicious cuisine. My experience studying and working in Japan has given me insights into its culture, which I've noticed is deeply influenced by China's. This realization fosters a stronger sense of pride in Chinese culture. I eagerly anticipate delving deeper into the nuances of my homeland's culture in this course.

10/31 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

11/1 Today, I talked to the AI about movies. Although I haven’t watched any new movies recently due to work being busy, I introduced my favorite old movies.

11/2 Today, I talked to the AI about Japanese cuisine.

11/3 Today, I talked to the AI about Qipao(cheongsam).

11/4 Today I took my foreign friends to Jinggang, an ancient town near Changsha.I talked to the AI about that thing.

11/6 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

11/8 Today, we talked about Chinese cuisine, including dumplings and Hunan dishes.

11/13 Today, we discussed health-related topics, such as how to take good care of our spines.

11/15 Today, we talked about the challenge of memorizing vocabulary.

11/17 Today, we didn’t talk about anything.

11/18 Today, we discussed the issue of changing weather; the temperature suddenly dropped.

11/23 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

11/24 Talk about my family.

11/25 Talk about my friends.

11/26 Discuss my school.

11/27 Share my favorite movies

11/29 Share my favorite books

11/30 Talk about American fast food culture

12/01 Discuss sports

12/02 Today, we didn’t talk about anything.

12/03 Talk about travel

12/04 Discuss Christmas celebrations

12/05 Today, I talked to the AI about dogs.

12/06 Discuss music.

12/07 Discuss fruit

12/08 Today, I talked to the AI about Chinese cuisine.

12/09 Today, I talked to the AI about kites.

12/10 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

12/11 Today, I talked to the AI about my mother.

12/12 Today, I talked to the AI about my friends.

12/13 Today, I talked to the AI about colors which I like.

12/14 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

12/15 Today, I talked to the AI about my new car.

12/16 Today, I talked to the AI about hand cream.

12/17 Today, I talked to the AI about takeout service.

12/18 Today, I talked to the AI about work-fires.

12/19 Today, I talked to the AI about cosmetics.

12/20 Discuss Christmas.

'''Lu Ban: A Renowned Ancient Chinese Inventor and Craftsman'''
Xiao Yixuan(肖易轩)

'''Abstract'''
Lu Ban is one of the most renowned craftsmen and inventors in ancient China, revered by later generations as the "Master of Craftsmen." Growing up in a family of artisans, he displayed extraordinary intelligence and skill from a young age, eventually surpassing his predecessors to become the foremost craftsman of his time. Lu Ban’s inventions extended beyond woodworking tools to encompass weaponry and agricultural machinery, profoundly influencing the fields of architecture, engineering, and military technology in China and beyond.
Among his many woodworking tools, the most famous include the saw, drill, plane, chisel, set square, and ink marker. The invention of the saw, inspired by the serrated edges of natural grass leaves, significantly improved the efficiency of woodworking. In addition, Lu Ban designed innovative military devices such as the "Cloud Ladder" and the "Gou Qiang," showcasing his exceptional understanding of mechanical principles.
The spirit of craftsmanship embodied by Lu Ban endures to this day. Established in 1987, the "Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering" honors his outstanding contributions and serves as the highest accolade in China’s construction industry, fostering innovation and progress in the field of architecture.

'''Introduction to Lu Ban'''
Lu Ban, born Gongshu Ban, was a craftsman from the state of Lu during the late Spring and Autumn period to the early Warring States period (approximately 507-444 BCE). He is widely regarded as one of the most famous craftsmen and inventors in ancient China. Revered as the "Patron Saint of Craftsmen," Lu Ban's craftsmanship and innovative spirit deeply influenced both Chinese and global developments in architecture, machinery, and weaponry.
Lu Ban was born into a family of craftsmen and began learning woodworking techniques from his father and grandfather at an early age. His extraordinary talent and intellect enabled him to surpass his predecessors and become a celebrated craftsman in his youth. Over time, Lu Ban's fame spread far and wide, not only for his woodworking tools but also for his significant contributions to weaponry and agricultural machinery. His name is still well-known today, and many legends about him, filled with mystical elements, have become symbols of traditional Chinese craftsmanship.
[[File:luban.jpg]]

'''Lu Ban's Woodworking Inventions'''
Lu Ban's contributions to woodworking tools were extensive, and his inventions covered nearly all the basic tools used in woodworking. Among his most famous inventions were the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line. These tools greatly enhanced the efficiency of woodworking and provided a solid technical foundation for future generations of craftsmen.
The most well-known story about Lu Ban's inventions is that of the saw. According to legend, while out chopping wood, Lu Ban encountered a landslide and, as he fell, grabbed a plant with serrated edges. This accidental discovery inspired him to replicate the serrated shape of the plant's leaves, leading to the invention of the saw. This invention dramatically increased the efficiency of wood processing, turning what was once a cumbersome task into a quicker and more precise job.
[[File:Lu Ban and Saw.jpg]]
In addition to the saw, Lu Ban invented other essential woodworking tools such as the drill, plane, and hoe. These tools continue to be widely used in the woodworking industry today, forming the basic equipment every carpenter relies on. Lu Ban's inventions not only reflect his advanced craftsmanship but also demonstrate his sharp observational skills and unparalleled creativity.

'''Lu Ban's Contributions to Ancient Weaponry'''
Lu Ban's genius was not limited to woodworking tools; he also made significant contributions to weaponry. Through careful research and practical experimentation, he designed a series of innovative and practical war machines.
One of his most celebrated inventions was the "cloud ladder," a large siege weapon that allowed soldiers to easily scale enemy walls. The cloud ladder's height could surpass the walls, allowing soldiers to stand atop it and throw firebrands, arrows, or even leap onto the enemy’s wall to engage in close combat. The ladder was so tall that it was called a "cloud ladder," symbolizing its towering height as though reaching the clouds. In the work Mozi: Gongshu, it is mentioned that Lu Ban also designed the "hooked spear," a weapon used in naval warfare. The Chu army used it in their battles with the Yue navy, achieving significant victories. The design of the hooked spear was inspired by natural tools for capturing prey, such as the pincers of a praying mantis.
[[File:The Cloud Ladder.jpg]][[File:The Cloud Ladder1.jpg]]
Lu Ban’s military inventions were not limited to the cloud ladder and the hooked spear. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, the flying stone, and the repeating arrow. These inventions not only reflect Lu Ban's strategic thinking but also showcase his mastery of mechanical and leverage principles. Even today, these ancient war machines are regarded as classics in the history of military engineering.

'''The Lu Ban Prize'''
Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship has been passed on through the ages and continues to inspire the construction industry in modern China. In 1987, in order to encourage innovation and improve quality in the construction field, the China Construction Industry Association established the "Lu Ban Prize." In 1996, the prize's name was officially changed to the "China Construction Engineering Lu Ban Prize" and was recognized as a national award for outstanding engineering projects.
The prize, named after Lu Ban, symbolizes excellence in craftsmanship and innovation. It aims to recognize projects that have made outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application. The selection standards for the Lu Ban Prize are strict, and it has become the highest honor in China’s construction industry. The establishment of the prize not only shows respect for Lu Ban's legacy but also encourages construction professionals to continuously pursue excellence, driving the development of China's construction industry.

'''Conclusion'''
Lu Ban’s legacy continues to inspire generations, both in China and globally, through his groundbreaking inventions and exceptional craftsmanship. From woodworking tools to military weaponry, his contributions have had a lasting impact on many industries. The "Lu Ban Prize" stands as a testament to his enduring influence, symbolizing the pinnacle of craftsmanship and innovation in the modern construction industry. As we honor Lu Ban’s achievements, we also recognize the importance of preserving and nurturing the spirit of craftsmanship, which continues to play a vital role in shaping technological progress and cultural heritage across the world.

'''Terms and Expressions'''
Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''Questions'''
1. What contributions did Lu Ban make to the fields of woodworking and military technology?
Answer:
Lu Ban made significant contributions to woodworking by inventing essential tools such as the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line, which greatly improved efficiency and formed the foundation for future generations of craftsmen. In military technology, he designed innovative weapons like the "Cloud Ladder," used for scaling enemy walls, and the "Gou Qiang" (hooked spear), used in naval battles. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, flying stone, and repeating arrow.
2. What inspired Lu Ban to invent the saw, and how did it impact woodworking?
Answer:
The saw was inspired by Lu Ban’s observation of a plant with serrated edges during a landslide. He replicated the serrated shape, creating the saw, which significantly improved the efficiency of wood processing by making cutting tasks quicker and more precise.
3. What is the Lu Ban Prize, and why was it established?
Answer:
The Lu Ban Prize, established in 1987 by the China Construction Industry Association, is the highest honor in China’s construction industry. It was created to encourage innovation, improve construction quality, and honor Lu Ban’s legacy. The prize recognizes outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application.
4. Why is Lu Ban referred to as the "Master of Craftsmen"?
Answer:
Lu Ban is called the "Master of Craftsmen" because of his exceptional skill, innovative spirit, and significant contributions to various fields, including woodworking, architecture, and military engineering. His legacy has deeply influenced craftsmanship in China and beyond.
5. What lessons can modern professionals draw from Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship?
Answer:
Modern professionals can learn from Lu Ban’s dedication to innovation, meticulous attention to detail, and commitment to excellence. His spirit of craftsmanship emphasizes the importance of continuous improvement and the pursuit of quality, which remain relevant in shaping technological progress and preserving cultural heritage.

'''References'''
Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

'''中国古代著名发明家鲁班'''

'''摘要'''
鲁班是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一，被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”。他从小在工匠家庭中成长，凭借非凡的智慧和技艺，逐渐超越父辈，成为当时的顶尖工匠。鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，还涉及兵器和农业机械，深刻影响了中国及世界的建筑、机械和战争技术。
鲁班发明的木工工具种类繁多，其中最著名的包括锯子、钻、刨、铲、曲尺和墨斗。特别是锯子的发明，灵感来源于自然界的锯齿状草叶，大大提高了木材加工的效率。此外，鲁班还设计了“云梯”和“钩强”等兵器，这些创新的战争器械展现了他在机械原理上的卓越智慧。
鲁班的工匠精神至今传承不息，1987年设立的“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”便是对其卓越贡献的致敬，成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，推动了建筑领域的创新与发展。

'''一、鲁班的简介'''
鲁班，姓公输名般，字子班，春秋末期至战国初期鲁国人，是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一。鲁班被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”，他的工艺技巧与创新精神深刻影响了中国乃至世界的建筑、机械和兵器制造。
鲁班出生于一个工匠家庭，从小便在父亲和祖父的指导下学习木工技艺。少年时代的鲁班聪慧异常，技艺超群，渐渐超越了父辈，成为当时名声赫赫的工匠。
鲁班的发明不仅仅局限于木工工具，他在兵器、农业机械等领域也有显著成就。鲁班的名字在民间广为流传，许多关于他的传说和故事都充满了神奇色彩，成为中国传统工匠精神的象征。

'''二、鲁班发明的木工工具'''
鲁班的木工工具种类繁多，涵盖了木工工作中几乎所有的基本工具。最著名的发明包括锯子、钻、刨子、铲子、曲尺、墨斗等。这些工具的发明和创新，极大地提升了木工的工作效率，也为后世的工匠提供了坚实的技术基础。
其中，锯子的发明故事最为人们熟知。据传，鲁班在一次外出砍木时，遭遇滑坡，摔倒后用手抓住了一株带锯齿状边缘的草。这一意外的发现启发了他模仿草叶的锯齿形状，发明了锯子。这一发明大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得原本繁琐的木工活变得更加快捷和精准。
此外，鲁班还发明了钻、刨、铲等木工工具，这些工具至今在木工行业中得到广泛应用，成为木匠不可或缺的基本装备。鲁班的发明不仅反映了他极高的工艺水平，更展示了他敏锐的观察力和无与伦比的创造力。

'''三、鲁班发明的古代兵器'''
鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，他在兵器制造方面的贡献也同样重要。鲁班通过深入研究和实践，设计出了一系列具有创新性和实用性的战争器械。
其中，最为人们所称道的是鲁班发明的“云梯”。云梯是一种高大的攻城武器，它能够让攻城士兵轻松越过敌人的城墙。由于其设计高度可达到城墙之上，士兵可以站在云梯顶端向敌人投掷火把、箭矢，甚至跳跃到城墙上进行近战。古人将这种高大的梯子称为“云梯”，寓意其高度仿佛接近云端。

《墨子·公输》一书中提到，鲁班还设计了“钩强”，这是一种专门用于水战的武器，楚国军队曾用它与越国水军作战，取得了显著的战果。钩强的设计灵感来源于自然界的捕捉工具，如螳螂的钳子。
鲁班的兵器设计并不限于云梯和钩强，他还发明了撞车、飞石、连珠箭等一系列攻城武器。这些兵器的设计不仅体现了鲁班深刻的战术思维，也展示了他在机械和杠杆原理上的精湛技艺。即使在今天，鲁班的这些发明依然被认为是古代战争器械中的经典之作。

'''四、中国鲁班奖'''
鲁班的工匠精神在现代建筑行业中得到了传承和发扬。1987年，为了鼓励建筑领域的创新和质量提升，中国建筑业联合会设立了“鲁班奖”。1996年起，奖项名称正式改为“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”，并确立为国家级优质工程奖。
该奖项以鲁班为名，象征着卓越的工艺和创新精神，旨在表彰在建筑质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的项目。鲁班奖的评选标准严格，至今已成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉。鲁班奖的设立，体现了对鲁班精神的尊重与传承，也激励着建筑行业的从业者不断追求卓越，推动中国建筑事业的持续发展。

'''结语'''
鲁班的遗产通过其开创性的发明和卓越的工艺技艺，持续激励着一代又一代人，无论在中国还是世界范围内。他在木工工具和军事武器等领域的贡献对许多行业产生了深远影响。“鲁班奖”则是对他持久影响力的最好见证，象征着现代建筑行业工艺与创新的巅峰。我们在缅怀鲁班成就的同时，也认识到传承和弘扬工匠精神的重要性。这种精神在塑造全球技术进步和文化遗产方面，依然发挥着重要作用。

'''术语与表达'''
Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''问题'''
1.鲁班在木工和军事技术领域做出了哪些贡献？
参考答案：鲁班在木工领域发明了锯子、钻、刨、锄、曲尺和墨斗等工具，这些工具大大提高了工作效率，并为后代工匠奠定了技术基础。在军事技术方面，他设计了“云梯”等创新兵器，用于攀爬城墙，以及“钩强”，一种用于海战的武器。此外，他还发明了攻城锤、飞石机和连发弩等攻城器械。
2.鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源是什么？这一发明对木工产生了怎样的影响？
参考答案：鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源于一次山体滑坡中，他抓住了一种带有锯齿边缘的植物。他模仿这种锯齿形状发明了锯子，大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得切割工作更加快速和精确。
3.什么是鲁班奖？它为何设立？
参考答案：鲁班奖是中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，由中国建筑业协会于1987年设立，旨在鼓励创新、提升建筑质量，同时向鲁班的卓越贡献致敬。该奖项用于表彰在工程质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的建筑项目。
4.为什么鲁班被称为“工匠祖师”？
参考答案：鲁班因其卓越的技艺、创新精神，以及在木工、建筑和军事工程领域的重要贡献，被尊称为“工匠祖师”。他的遗产深刻影响了中国及全球的工匠精神和技术发展。
5.现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学到哪些经验？
参考答案：现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学习到创新意识、对细节的关注和追求卓越的态度。他的精神强调持续改进和追求质量的重要性，这在推动技术进步和保护文化遗产方面依然具有重要意义。

'''参考文献'''
Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

File:The Cloud Ladder.jpg

2024-12-30T03:22:03Z

Xiao Yixuan:

File:Lu Ban and Saw.jpg

2024-12-30T03:18:27Z

Xiao Yixuan:

File:Luban.jpg

2024-12-30T03:14:52Z

Xiao Yixuan:

User:Xiao Yixuan

2024-12-30T03:13:43Z

Xiao Yixuan:

Hello, my name is Xiao Yixuan, hailing from Hunan province. Currently pursuing my graduate studies in Japanese Translation at Hunan Normal University, I possess an outgoing personality and enjoy making friends, traveling, and indulging in delicious cuisine. My experience studying and working in Japan has given me insights into its culture, which I've noticed is deeply influenced by China's. This realization fosters a stronger sense of pride in Chinese culture. I eagerly anticipate delving deeper into the nuances of my homeland's culture in this course.

10/31 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

11/1 Today, I talked to the AI about movies. Although I haven’t watched any new movies recently due to work being busy, I introduced my favorite old movies.

11/2 Today, I talked to the AI about Japanese cuisine.

11/3 Today, I talked to the AI about Qipao(cheongsam).

11/4 Today I took my foreign friends to Jinggang, an ancient town near Changsha.I talked to the AI about that thing.

11/6 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

11/8 Today, we talked about Chinese cuisine, including dumplings and Hunan dishes.

11/13 Today, we discussed health-related topics, such as how to take good care of our spines.

11/15 Today, we talked about the challenge of memorizing vocabulary.

11/17 Today, we didn’t talk about anything.

11/18 Today, we discussed the issue of changing weather; the temperature suddenly dropped.

11/23 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

11/24 Talk about my family.

11/25 Talk about my friends.

11/26 Discuss my school.

11/27 Share my favorite movies

11/29 Share my favorite books

11/30 Talk about American fast food culture

12/01 Discuss sports

12/02 Today, we didn’t talk about anything.

12/03 Talk about travel

12/04 Discuss Christmas celebrations

12/05 Today, I talked to the AI about dogs.

12/06 Discuss music.

12/07 Discuss fruit

12/08 Today, I talked to the AI about Chinese cuisine.

12/09 Today, I talked to the AI about kites.

12/10 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

12/11 Today, I talked to the AI about my mother.

12/12 Today, I talked to the AI about my friends.

12/13 Today, I talked to the AI about colors which I like.

12/14 Today was too busy to chat with the AI.

12/15 Today, I talked to the AI about my new car.

12/16 Today, I talked to the AI about hand cream.

12/17 Today, I talked to the AI about takeout service.

12/18 Today, I talked to the AI about work-fires.

12/19 Today, I talked to the AI about cosmetics.

12/20 Discuss Christmas.

'''Lu Ban: A Renowned Ancient Chinese Inventor and Craftsman'''
Xiao Yixuan(肖易轩)

'''Abstract'''
Lu Ban is one of the most renowned craftsmen and inventors in ancient China, revered by later generations as the "Master of Craftsmen." Growing up in a family of artisans, he displayed extraordinary intelligence and skill from a young age, eventually surpassing his predecessors to become the foremost craftsman of his time. Lu Ban’s inventions extended beyond woodworking tools to encompass weaponry and agricultural machinery, profoundly influencing the fields of architecture, engineering, and military technology in China and beyond.
Among his many woodworking tools, the most famous include the saw, drill, plane, chisel, set square, and ink marker. The invention of the saw, inspired by the serrated edges of natural grass leaves, significantly improved the efficiency of woodworking. In addition, Lu Ban designed innovative military devices such as the "Cloud Ladder" and the "Gou Qiang," showcasing his exceptional understanding of mechanical principles.
The spirit of craftsmanship embodied by Lu Ban endures to this day. Established in 1987, the "Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering" honors his outstanding contributions and serves as the highest accolade in China’s construction industry, fostering innovation and progress in the field of architecture.

'''Introduction to Lu Ban'''
Lu Ban, born Gongshu Ban, was a craftsman from the state of Lu during the late Spring and Autumn period to the early Warring States period (approximately 507-444 BCE). He is widely regarded as one of the most famous craftsmen and inventors in ancient China. Revered as the "Patron Saint of Craftsmen," Lu Ban's craftsmanship and innovative spirit deeply influenced both Chinese and global developments in architecture, machinery, and weaponry.
Lu Ban was born into a family of craftsmen and began learning woodworking techniques from his father and grandfather at an early age. His extraordinary talent and intellect enabled him to surpass his predecessors and become a celebrated craftsman in his youth. Over time, Lu Ban's fame spread far and wide, not only for his woodworking tools but also for his significant contributions to weaponry and agricultural machinery. His name is still well-known today, and many legends about him, filled with mystical elements, have become symbols of traditional Chinese craftsmanship.
[[File:luban.jpg]]

'''Lu Ban's Woodworking Inventions'''
Lu Ban's contributions to woodworking tools were extensive, and his inventions covered nearly all the basic tools used in woodworking. Among his most famous inventions were the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line. These tools greatly enhanced the efficiency of woodworking and provided a solid technical foundation for future generations of craftsmen.
The most well-known story about Lu Ban's inventions is that of the saw. According to legend, while out chopping wood, Lu Ban encountered a landslide and, as he fell, grabbed a plant with serrated edges. This accidental discovery inspired him to replicate the serrated shape of the plant's leaves, leading to the invention of the saw. This invention dramatically increased the efficiency of wood processing, turning what was once a cumbersome task into a quicker and more precise job.
[[File:Lu Ban and Saw.jpg]]
In addition to the saw, Lu Ban invented other essential woodworking tools such as the drill, plane, and hoe. These tools continue to be widely used in the woodworking industry today, forming the basic equipment every carpenter relies on. Lu Ban's inventions not only reflect his advanced craftsmanship but also demonstrate his sharp observational skills and unparalleled creativity.

'''Lu Ban's Contributions to Ancient Weaponry'''
Lu Ban's genius was not limited to woodworking tools; he also made significant contributions to weaponry. Through careful research and practical experimentation, he designed a series of innovative and practical war machines.
One of his most celebrated inventions was the "cloud ladder," a large siege weapon that allowed soldiers to easily scale enemy walls. The cloud ladder's height could surpass the walls, allowing soldiers to stand atop it and throw firebrands, arrows, or even leap onto the enemy’s wall to engage in close combat. The ladder was so tall that it was called a "cloud ladder," symbolizing its towering height as though reaching the clouds. In the work Mozi: Gongshu, it is mentioned that Lu Ban also designed the "hooked spear," a weapon used in naval warfare. The Chu army used it in their battles with the Yue navy, achieving significant victories. The design of the hooked spear was inspired by natural tools for capturing prey, such as the pincers of a praying mantis.
[[File:The Cloud Ladder.jpg]]
Lu Ban’s military inventions were not limited to the cloud ladder and the hooked spear. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, the flying stone, and the repeating arrow. These inventions not only reflect Lu Ban's strategic thinking but also showcase his mastery of mechanical and leverage principles. Even today, these ancient war machines are regarded as classics in the history of military engineering.

'''The Lu Ban Prize'''
Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship has been passed on through the ages and continues to inspire the construction industry in modern China. In 1987, in order to encourage innovation and improve quality in the construction field, the China Construction Industry Association established the "Lu Ban Prize." In 1996, the prize's name was officially changed to the "China Construction Engineering Lu Ban Prize" and was recognized as a national award for outstanding engineering projects.
The prize, named after Lu Ban, symbolizes excellence in craftsmanship and innovation. It aims to recognize projects that have made outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application. The selection standards for the Lu Ban Prize are strict, and it has become the highest honor in China’s construction industry. The establishment of the prize not only shows respect for Lu Ban's legacy but also encourages construction professionals to continuously pursue excellence, driving the development of China's construction industry.

'''Conclusion'''
Lu Ban’s legacy continues to inspire generations, both in China and globally, through his groundbreaking inventions and exceptional craftsmanship. From woodworking tools to military weaponry, his contributions have had a lasting impact on many industries. The "Lu Ban Prize" stands as a testament to his enduring influence, symbolizing the pinnacle of craftsmanship and innovation in the modern construction industry. As we honor Lu Ban’s achievements, we also recognize the importance of preserving and nurturing the spirit of craftsmanship, which continues to play a vital role in shaping technological progress and cultural heritage across the world.

'''Terms and Expressions'''
Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''Questions'''
1. What contributions did Lu Ban make to the fields of woodworking and military technology?
Answer:
Lu Ban made significant contributions to woodworking by inventing essential tools such as the saw, drill, plane, hoe, square, and chalk line, which greatly improved efficiency and formed the foundation for future generations of craftsmen. In military technology, he designed innovative weapons like the "Cloud Ladder," used for scaling enemy walls, and the "Gou Qiang" (hooked spear), used in naval battles. He also created other siege weapons like the ram, flying stone, and repeating arrow.
2. What inspired Lu Ban to invent the saw, and how did it impact woodworking?
Answer:
The saw was inspired by Lu Ban’s observation of a plant with serrated edges during a landslide. He replicated the serrated shape, creating the saw, which significantly improved the efficiency of wood processing by making cutting tasks quicker and more precise.
3. What is the Lu Ban Prize, and why was it established?
Answer:
The Lu Ban Prize, established in 1987 by the China Construction Industry Association, is the highest honor in China’s construction industry. It was created to encourage innovation, improve construction quality, and honor Lu Ban’s legacy. The prize recognizes outstanding achievements in building quality, design innovation, and technical application.
4. Why is Lu Ban referred to as the "Master of Craftsmen"?
Answer:
Lu Ban is called the "Master of Craftsmen" because of his exceptional skill, innovative spirit, and significant contributions to various fields, including woodworking, architecture, and military engineering. His legacy has deeply influenced craftsmanship in China and beyond.
5. What lessons can modern professionals draw from Lu Ban’s spirit of craftsmanship?
Answer:
Modern professionals can learn from Lu Ban’s dedication to innovation, meticulous attention to detail, and commitment to excellence. His spirit of craftsmanship emphasizes the importance of continuous improvement and the pursuit of quality, which remain relevant in shaping technological progress and preserving cultural heritage.

'''References'''
Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

'''中国古代著名发明家鲁班'''

'''摘要'''
鲁班是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一，被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”。他从小在工匠家庭中成长，凭借非凡的智慧和技艺，逐渐超越父辈，成为当时的顶尖工匠。鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，还涉及兵器和农业机械，深刻影响了中国及世界的建筑、机械和战争技术。
鲁班发明的木工工具种类繁多，其中最著名的包括锯子、钻、刨、铲、曲尺和墨斗。特别是锯子的发明，灵感来源于自然界的锯齿状草叶，大大提高了木材加工的效率。此外，鲁班还设计了“云梯”和“钩强”等兵器，这些创新的战争器械展现了他在机械原理上的卓越智慧。
鲁班的工匠精神至今传承不息，1987年设立的“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”便是对其卓越贡献的致敬，成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，推动了建筑领域的创新与发展。

'''一、鲁班的简介'''
鲁班，姓公输名般，字子班，春秋末期至战国初期鲁国人，是中国古代最著名的工匠和发明家之一。鲁班被后世尊奉为“工匠祖师”，他的工艺技巧与创新精神深刻影响了中国乃至世界的建筑、机械和兵器制造。
鲁班出生于一个工匠家庭，从小便在父亲和祖父的指导下学习木工技艺。少年时代的鲁班聪慧异常，技艺超群，渐渐超越了父辈，成为当时名声赫赫的工匠。
鲁班的发明不仅仅局限于木工工具，他在兵器、农业机械等领域也有显著成就。鲁班的名字在民间广为流传，许多关于他的传说和故事都充满了神奇色彩，成为中国传统工匠精神的象征。

'''二、鲁班发明的木工工具'''
鲁班的木工工具种类繁多，涵盖了木工工作中几乎所有的基本工具。最著名的发明包括锯子、钻、刨子、铲子、曲尺、墨斗等。这些工具的发明和创新，极大地提升了木工的工作效率，也为后世的工匠提供了坚实的技术基础。
其中，锯子的发明故事最为人们熟知。据传，鲁班在一次外出砍木时，遭遇滑坡，摔倒后用手抓住了一株带锯齿状边缘的草。这一意外的发现启发了他模仿草叶的锯齿形状，发明了锯子。这一发明大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得原本繁琐的木工活变得更加快捷和精准。
此外，鲁班还发明了钻、刨、铲等木工工具，这些工具至今在木工行业中得到广泛应用，成为木匠不可或缺的基本装备。鲁班的发明不仅反映了他极高的工艺水平，更展示了他敏锐的观察力和无与伦比的创造力。

'''三、鲁班发明的古代兵器'''
鲁班的发明不仅限于木工工具，他在兵器制造方面的贡献也同样重要。鲁班通过深入研究和实践，设计出了一系列具有创新性和实用性的战争器械。
其中，最为人们所称道的是鲁班发明的“云梯”。云梯是一种高大的攻城武器，它能够让攻城士兵轻松越过敌人的城墙。由于其设计高度可达到城墙之上，士兵可以站在云梯顶端向敌人投掷火把、箭矢，甚至跳跃到城墙上进行近战。古人将这种高大的梯子称为“云梯”，寓意其高度仿佛接近云端。

《墨子·公输》一书中提到，鲁班还设计了“钩强”，这是一种专门用于水战的武器，楚国军队曾用它与越国水军作战，取得了显著的战果。钩强的设计灵感来源于自然界的捕捉工具，如螳螂的钳子。
鲁班的兵器设计并不限于云梯和钩强，他还发明了撞车、飞石、连珠箭等一系列攻城武器。这些兵器的设计不仅体现了鲁班深刻的战术思维，也展示了他在机械和杠杆原理上的精湛技艺。即使在今天，鲁班的这些发明依然被认为是古代战争器械中的经典之作。

'''四、中国鲁班奖'''
鲁班的工匠精神在现代建筑行业中得到了传承和发扬。1987年，为了鼓励建筑领域的创新和质量提升，中国建筑业联合会设立了“鲁班奖”。1996年起，奖项名称正式改为“中国建筑工程鲁班奖”，并确立为国家级优质工程奖。
该奖项以鲁班为名，象征着卓越的工艺和创新精神，旨在表彰在建筑质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的项目。鲁班奖的评选标准严格，至今已成为中国建筑行业的最高荣誉。鲁班奖的设立，体现了对鲁班精神的尊重与传承，也激励着建筑行业的从业者不断追求卓越，推动中国建筑事业的持续发展。

'''结语'''
鲁班的遗产通过其开创性的发明和卓越的工艺技艺，持续激励着一代又一代人，无论在中国还是世界范围内。他在木工工具和军事武器等领域的贡献对许多行业产生了深远影响。“鲁班奖”则是对他持久影响力的最好见证，象征着现代建筑行业工艺与创新的巅峰。我们在缅怀鲁班成就的同时，也认识到传承和弘扬工匠精神的重要性。这种精神在塑造全球技术进步和文化遗产方面，依然发挥着重要作用。

'''术语与表达'''
Lu Ban 鲁班
Master of Craftsmen 工匠祖师
Craftsmanship 工匠精神
Woodworking Tools 木工工具
Saw 锯子
Drill 钻
Plane 刨
Chisel 铲
Set Square 曲尺
Ink Marker 墨斗
Cloud Ladder 云梯
Gou Qiang (Hook Spear) 钩强
Agricultural Machinery 农业机械
Military Technology 军事技术
Lu Ban Prize for Construction Engineering 中国建筑工程鲁班奖

'''问题'''
1.鲁班在木工和军事技术领域做出了哪些贡献？
参考答案：鲁班在木工领域发明了锯子、钻、刨、锄、曲尺和墨斗等工具，这些工具大大提高了工作效率，并为后代工匠奠定了技术基础。在军事技术方面，他设计了“云梯”等创新兵器，用于攀爬城墙，以及“钩强”，一种用于海战的武器。此外，他还发明了攻城锤、飞石机和连发弩等攻城器械。
2.鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源是什么？这一发明对木工产生了怎样的影响？
参考答案：鲁班发明锯子的灵感来源于一次山体滑坡中，他抓住了一种带有锯齿边缘的植物。他模仿这种锯齿形状发明了锯子，大大提高了木材加工的效率，使得切割工作更加快速和精确。
3.什么是鲁班奖？它为何设立？
参考答案：鲁班奖是中国建筑行业的最高荣誉，由中国建筑业协会于1987年设立，旨在鼓励创新、提升建筑质量，同时向鲁班的卓越贡献致敬。该奖项用于表彰在工程质量、设计创新和技术应用方面取得突出成就的建筑项目。
4.为什么鲁班被称为“工匠祖师”？
参考答案：鲁班因其卓越的技艺、创新精神，以及在木工、建筑和军事工程领域的重要贡献，被尊称为“工匠祖师”。他的遗产深刻影响了中国及全球的工匠精神和技术发展。
5.现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学到哪些经验？
参考答案：现代从业者可以从鲁班的工匠精神中学习到创新意识、对细节的关注和追求卓越的态度。他的精神强调持续改进和追求质量的重要性，这在推动技术进步和保护文化遗产方面依然具有重要意义。

'''参考文献'''
Gao Yushuang 高玉爽. (1981). 鲁班学艺[Lu Ban's Apprenticeship]. Tianjin: Tianjin People's Publishing House 天津人民出版社.
Klaas Ruitenbeek 克拉斯·鲁腾贝克. (1996). 对十五世纪木工手册《鲁班经》的研究[A Study of the Fifteenth-Century Carpenter's Manual Lu Ban jing]. Leiden: E.J. Brill 艾·杰·布里尔出版社.
Liu Jiezhang 刘洁彰. (1979). 鲁班的故事[The Stories of Lu Ban]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People's Publishing House 河北人民出版社.
Qian Wenzhong 钱文忠. (2010). 班墨传奇[The Legends of Lu Ban and Mozi]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 上海书店出版社.
Wang Fu 王弗. (1994). 鲁班志[The Chronicle of Lu Ban]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House 中国科学技术出版社.

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Chinese Language and Culture 2024

2024-10-31T12:34:49Z

Xiao Yixuan: /* Session 7 Thursday Oct 24, 2024 19:00-21:35 */

[[Media:]]Welcome to Chinese Language and Culture 2024

THU (19:00-19:45,19:55-20:40,20:50-21:35) 至善楼105 MA2 (23级笔译口译 Translation & Interpretation) 中国语言文化 Chinese Language and Culture 2024, Textbook: Woesler 2024, 1 5.9., 2 12.9., 3 19.9., 4 26.9., 5 10.10., 6 17.10., 7 24.10., 8 31.10., 9 7.11., 10 14.11., 11 21.11., 12 28.11., 13 5.12., 14 12.12., 15 19.12., 16 26.12.

=簽到 Here you can sign in behind the topic you want to present in class=
*Yu Yi
*Memo
*Glen
*Liu Li
*Liu Zhuofan
*Drovan
*Wu Ziyi
*Andrew
*Wang Xuan
*Cynthia
*Wang Yan
*Doris
*Wu Jing
*Jennie
*Huang Qi
*Esther
*Xiao Feiyan
*He Chuwen
*Lyra
*Shu Lin
*Shirleen
*Tang Yuewei
*Zhou Xukai
*Eavan
*Long Jiayu
*Jiang Chenmei
*Lilian
*Jiao Mengting
*Sherry
*Le Yuxuan
*Lydia
*Wu Jiaying
*Cathy
*Jiang Yaping
*Sunny
*Li Jia
*Zoe
*Wang Yujiao
*Wendy
*Fu Xinke
*Finger
*Zeng Wenjing
*Zoey
*Chen Zilan
*Landy
*Yang Lingyue
*Yang Fan
*Liu Peinan
*Peter
*Pan Yilin
*ceci
*Chen Pingan
*Grace
*Huang Mengyan
*Mandy
*Rachel
*Guo Zibin
*Binbin
*Xiao Yixuan
*Zeng Xin
*Su Yi
*Zeng Man
*Emily
*Chen Mengzhu
*Chris
*Huang Zechen
*Zachary
*Liu Zhouli
*Kuang Jing
*Jin
*Tang Xinyan
*Estrella
*Peng Yingying
*Becca
*Ma Ruiqing
*Raymond
*Chen Guangzi
*Alan
*Hannah
*Tang Xinyu
*Zhou Ranran
*Shi Zhanning
*Wang Yue
*Hu Zetao
*Zhang Shuai
*Liu Zhehui
*Wang Xudong
*Zhou Jing
*Amy
*Zhang Yange
*Zhao Jing
*Winnie
*Liu Zeyu
*Liao Wenyao
*Peng Lu
*Liu Yi2
1. Geographic Nature as a Basis for Cultural Development .. 16

2.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Chinese Marriage Customs ............................................................................. 21

3.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Habits, Ways of Contacting .......................................................................... 28

4.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Marriage-Accompanying Songs in Hunan ......................................... 37

5.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Crying Marriage of Tujia ................................................................................... 46

6.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China ...................................... 60 (Cheng Linjia/Jason)

7.
Animals: Panda .................................................................. 68

8.
Architecture ....................................................................... 75

9.
Architecture: The Forbidden City .................................... 84

10.
Architecture: Four Famous Bridges ................................... 97

11.
Architecture: Four Great Pavilions .................................. 107

12.
Architecture: Shengjing Imperial Palace .......................... 118

13.
Architecture: Three Great Towers in China ..................... 125

14.
Architecture: Fengshui in Chinese Architecture .............. 138

15.
Army and weapons: Chinese Ancient Weapons ............... 147

16.
Army and weapons: Terracotta Army .............................. 155

17.
Astrology: Chinese Astrology .......................................... 162

18.
Astrology: Calendar, The 24 Solar Terms ........................ 169

19.
Astrology: Twelve Animals of the Chinese Zodiac .......... 178

20.
Beverages: Milk Tea ........................................................ 186 (Peng Lu/Julia)

21.
Beverages: Tea ................................................................. 193（Yang Fan/Shawn）

22.
Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China ............ 198（Liu Zhuofan/Drovan）

23.
Body movement performance: Chinese Lion Dancing .. 207

24.
Body movement performance: Stilts ................................ 211
25.
Body movement performance: Traditional Chinese Dance
6
......................................................................................... 217

26.
Chinese Writing: Ancient Writing and Painting Tool, Writing Brush ................................................................................ 223

27.
Chinese Writing: Calligraphy ........................................... 232

28.
Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy ............... 238

29.
Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters ............................... 247

30.
Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts ............ 260

31.
Clothing: Chinese Clothing .............................................. 267

32.
Clothing: Batik (Lanran) .................................................. 275

33.
Clothing: Cheongsam ....................................................... 285 (Tang Yuewei/ Eavan)

34.
Confucianism: Confucian Culture .................................... 293

35.
Confucianism: Chinese Traditional Culture-Five Constant Virtues .............................................................................. 307

36.
Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Confucius and Confucianism ................................................................... 315

37.
Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Reading The Analects ......................................................................................... 322

38.
Education: Ancient Chinese Education ............................ 332

39.
Education: Historical Figures, The Four Talented Women of Ancient China .................................................................. 343
40.
Education: Modern Chinese Education System ............... 353

41.
Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties .............................. 367（Hannah/Zhou Yicen）

42.
Education: Yuelu Academy (One of the Four Most Prestigious Academies) .................................................... 376

43.
Facial Make-up ................................................................ 386

44.
Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up ......................................................................................... 393 (Li Xiaosu/Jacinda)

45.
Facial Make-up: Face Changing in Sichuan Opera .......... 409

46.
Fine Arts: Painting ........................................................... 418

47.
Fine Arts: Bada Shanren and Qi Baishi ............................ 423

48.
Fine Arts: Painting Riverside Scene at Tomb Sweeping Day ......................................................................................... 429

49.
Fine Arts: Seal-cutting ..................................................... 436
7

50.
Games: Go 围棋 ........................................................... 439 (Peng Yixin/ Eason)

51.
Games: Kite Flying .......................................................... 445 （Liu Huixuan/ Polly）

52.
Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play ............ 452(Zeng Wenjing/Zoey)

53.
Garden Culture: Gardens ................................................. 480(Jiang Chenmei/Lilian)

54.
Garden Culture: Bonsai (Penjing) .................................. 486

55.
Garden Culture: The Summer Palace ............................... 493(Liu Zhehui/Mary)

56.
Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden 500 (Cai Yingchu/ Rachel)

57.
Gender: Wu Zetian: The Only Female Emperor of Imperial China ................................................................................ 509
(Zhou Ranran/Jerry)
58.
History: Carl and Cixi ...................................................... 521

59.
Interieur: The Folding Screen .......................................... 525

60.
Landscapes and Tourism: Four Buddhist Shrines ............ 534

61.
Landscapes and Tourism: Four State-Level Cultural Relics ......................................................................................... 545

62.
Landscapes and Tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains ........................................................................ 555（Wu Jing/Jennie）

63.
Landscapes and Tourism: Mogao Grottoes ...................... 563

64.
Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai ....... 576

65.
Landscapes and Tourism: Canal Culture：The Grand Canal（The Peking-Hangzhou Grand Canal） ........................ 591

66.
Landscapes and Tourism: The Ancient Tea Horse Road .. 604

67.
Landscapes and Tourism: Tourism, Nanking-An Ancient Capital of Six Dynasties ................................................... 610

68.
Language: Chinese Language .......................................... 616

69.
Language: Chinese Dialects ............................................. 626 (Long Jiayu/Tara) (present first on Oct 10, Session 5)

70.
Language: Chinese Folk Argot ......................................... 635

71.
Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Classical Fairy Tales ......................................................................................... 646

72.
Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Mythology ......... 653

73.
Literature: Ancient literature - Classical Literature .......... 664

74.
Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China ................................................................... 671

75.
Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient
8
China
................................................................................ 680

76.
Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China ............................ 689

77.
Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas .................................................................................. 711

78.
Literature: Ancient literature: Yuefu................................. 727

79.
Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels .................................................................................. 734

80.
Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations ............... 741

81.
Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio ................................................................. 747

82.
Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song.................... 755

83.
Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty ..................................... 783

84.
Literature: Modern Literature .......................................... 792

85.
Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) ....................................................................... 800

86.
Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy ............................................ 807

87.
Literature: Contemporary Literature ................................ 818(Chen Guangzi/Alan)

88.
Martial Arts: Huo Yuanjia ................................................ 823

89.
Martial Arts: Qigong ........................................................ 826

Martial Arts: Taiji (Tai Chi) Shadow Boxing ................... 831

91.
Martial Arts: Wushu ......................................................... 842

92.
Martial Arts: Frolics of the Five Animals (Wuqinxi) ....... 847

93.
Medicine: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) ............. 857

94.
Medicine: TCM - Acupuncture and Moxibustion ............ 863

95.
Medicine: TCM - Diagnosis and Pharmacology .............. 868

96.
Medicine: TCM - The Development of Chinese Medicine ......................................................................................... 873

97.
Medicine: TCM – The Chinese Medical Sage Zhang Zhongjing ......................................................................... 880

98.
Minority cultures: Lisu People and Daogan Festival of Lisu Ethnic Minority
................................................................ 889

99.
Minority cultures: The Ethnic Minorities’ Costumes ....... 896(Zeng Man/Emily)

100.
Money culture: Currency, Jiaozi (A Paper Currency in Northern Song Dynasty) .................................................. 907

101.
Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money ....................................................................... 917（Chen Pingan/Grace）

102.
Music and instruments: Guzheng ..................................... 928 (Liu Zeyu/Yew)

103.
Music and instruments: Pipa ............................................ 939

104.
Mythology: Gods and Immortals ..................................... 949(Wang Yue/Nora)
(present in the end on Sep 26, Session 4)
105.
Mythology: Huli-jing ....................................................... 958(Ma Ruiqing/Raymond)

106.
National Symbols: National Anthem ............................... 969

107.
National Symbols: National Flag ..................................... 976

108.
Opera: Peking Opera ........................................................ 984

109.
Opera: Peking Opera Acrobatics ...................................... 992

110.
Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang ........................ 999

111.
Opera: Tea-picking Opera .............................................. 1004（Chen Kuanshun/Jason）

112.
Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) ........ 1012

113.
Philosophical Schools: Four Main Philosophical Schools ....................................................................................... 1023

114.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy – Daoism ...................................... 1032

115.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading Tao Te Ching ............... 1037

116.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Sutra of Hui-neng . 1043

117.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Importance of Living ....................................................................................... 1049

118.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Legalism ....................................................................... 1060

119.
Philosophy: Chinese Traditional Cultivation Culture .... 1070

120.
Religion: Traditional Chinese Funeral Culture .............. 1082

121.
Religion: Buddhism ....................................................... 1096

122.
Religion: Daoism ........................................................... 1110

123.
Religion: Christianity ..................................................... 1115

124.
Religion: Islam ............................................................... 1121

125.
Science and Technology: Ancient Science and Technology ....................................................................................... 1125

126.
Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions 1130 (Wang Xudong/Hue)

127.
Science and Technology: Compass ................................ 1154

128.
Science and Technology: TikTok (Douyin) .................... 1162

129.
Science and Technology: Three Giant Home Appliance Enterprises In China ..................................................... 1171

130.
Science and Technology: Four Domestic Mobile Phone Companies ..................................................................... 1191

131.
Silk and porcelain: Silk .................................................. 1206

132.
Silk and porcelain: Porcelain ......................................... 1211

133.
Silk and porcelain: Celadon and Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 ............................................................................... 1217

134.
Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zhang Qian and the Silk Road ....................................................................................... 1224

135.
Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He and the Maritime Silk Road ....................................................................... 1229

136.
Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He's Voyages .... 1233

137.
Social: The Long-life Lock ............................................ 1241 （Shu Lin/Shirleen）

138.
Social: Round Table Culture .......................................... 1249（Yu Yi/Memo)

139.
Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 ............................. 1257(Lv Di/Ludy)

140.
Stage entertainment: Shadow Play ................................. 1264

141.
Traditional Crafts: Carving ............................................ 1272

142.
Traditional Crafts: Chinese Jade Culture ....................... 1280Zhang Yange(Mia)

143.
Traditional Crafts: Cloisonne ......................................... 1294

144.
Traditional Crafts: Embroidery ...................................... 1298

145.
Traditional Crafts: Shu Embroidery (Sichuan Embroidery) ....................................................................................... 1302

146.
Traditional Crafts: Xiang Embroidery ........................... 1315

147.
Traditional Crafts: Folk Art - Chinese Paper-cutting ..... 1329

148.
Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Chinese Knots ............... 1336(Chen Zilan/Landy)

149.
Traditional Crafts: Lacquerware .................................... 1344

150.
Traditional Crafts: The Kingfisher Craft点翠 ............... 1349

151.
Traditional Cuisine: Chinese Dining Etiquette ............... 1362

152.
Traditional Cuisine: Chopsticks ..................................... 1376(Peng Yingying/Becca)

153.
Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China ...... 1381 (Tang Xinyu/Eric)

154.
Traditional Cuisine: Four Distinct Regional Cuisines .... 1398(Peng Jiayi/Eva)

155.
Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan .......... 1404 Chen Shanshan /Rebecca

156.
Traditional Cuisine: Tanghulu, Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick .................................................................. 1414(Chen Mengzhu/Chris)

157.
Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot ............................................ 1423（Xiao Yixuan/Yuki)

158.
Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking .......... 1430(Liu Zhouli/ lovia)

159.
Traditional Cuisine: Two Famous Dishes ...................... 1436

160.
Traditional Festivals ....................................................... 1440

161.
Traditional Festivals: Lattice on Ancient Chinese Windows ....................................................................................... 1447

162.
Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets ............. 1459

163.
Westernization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning ....................................................................................... 1465

164.
Westernization: The Westernization Movement ............. 1471

165.
Worship: Chinese Incense Culture ................................. 1479(Tang Xinyan/Estrella)

166.
Economy: Chinese Currency Changes ........................... 1489

167.
History: Wang Shouren .................................................. 1493

168.
Martial Arts: Chinese Swordsman Spirit ........................ 1502(Zhang Rui)

169.
Cuisine: Luosifen ........................................................... 1513(Wang Xuan/Cynthia)

170.
Fine Arts: Chinese Paper Cutting ................................... 1521

171.
Science and Technology: Taobao(淘宝) ...................... 1531（Li Songlin/Solin)

172.
Traditional Craft: Bronze ............................................... 1541

173.
Entertainment: Deyunshe 德云社 ................................. 1548

174.
Traditional Cuisine: Jiaozi ............................................. 1561 (Liu Yi/Zer)

175.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: the Photo Retouching Culture in China ............................................................. 1572

176.
Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Oil-paper Umbrella ....... 1581（Wang Yan/Doris）

177.
stage entertainment:Yuan drama .................................... 1592

178.
Music and instruments: Erhu ......................................... 1601

179.
Traditional and Modern Views on Marriage and Love .. 1608(Zhao Siyao/Caroline)

180.
Traditional Cuisine: Tangyuan ....................................... 1615 (Su Yi/Suri)

181.
Animals：Golden Monkey ............................................ 1625

182.
Chinese Economy: rich businessmen ............................. 1631

183.
Opera: Chinese Local Operas ........................................ 1639

184.
The Chinese tradition of ancestor worship ..................... 1651(Shi Zhanning/Harper)

185.
Opera: Huangmei opera ................................................. 1663

186.
The “reference” of Chinese Music........................... 1670(Huang Zechen/Zachary)

187.
Chinese Folk Art:Lion Dance ........................................ 1676

188.
Science and Technology: Mobile Games（手游） ....... 1691 (Liu Peinan/Peter)

189.
Clothing: Vintage Clothing ............................................ 1697(Hu Shanshan/Maddy)

190.
Fine arts:Kunqu Opera ................................................... 1704

191.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Culture of Flowers ....................................................................................... 1712（Chen Weiping/Jackie）

192.
National Belief: the Chinese Dream .............................. 1722

193.
Science and Technology: Buytogether（PDD) ............ 1729（Wang Yujiao/Wendy）

194.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs：Marriage and Burial Customs of Tujia People ................................................ 1748(Jiao Mengting/Sherry)

195.
Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Guangdong传统美食：广东早餐文化 ....................................................... 1753（Wu Ziyi/Andrew）

196.
Telecast: Become a Farmer 种地吧 .............................. 1765（Sha Lijia/Reika）

197.
Animals: Chinese Rural Dogs 动物：中华田园犬 ...... 1773 (Zhao Jing/Winnie)

198.
Clothing: Hanfu 汉服：揭示中国传统服饰之美 ........ 1781（Guo Zibin/Anne）

199.
Music and instruments: Chime 音乐与乐器：编钟 ..... 1788

200.
Garden Culture: Suzhou Gardens 苏州园林 ................. 1795(Liang Dan/Anne)

201.
Traditional crafts: Moon-shaped Fans 传统技艺：团扇 1806(Le Yuxuan/Lydia)

202.
Minority cultures: Miao Silver Ornaments Culture 苗族银饰文化 ................................................................... 1827(Yang Hanxu/Hansu)

203.
Mysterious culture: Facial Physiognomy 相面术 ......... 1836(Zhou Xiaoqiao）
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204.
Games: Chinese Chess 游戏：象棋 ............................. 1847(Zhou Xukai/Kyrie)

205.
Music and instruments: Guqin 古琴 ............................. 1863

206.
Music and instruments: The Spring Snow 音乐和乐器：《阳春白雪》 ........................................................................... 1878

207.
The "Four Gentlemen": Plum, Orchid Bamboo, Chrysanthemum “四君子”的象征意义 ....................... 1885 （Hu Zheng/ Leven）

208.
Traditional festivals: The Flower Fairy Festival 花朝节 1898 （Gong Tao/Gisele)

209.
Architecture: Shigu Academy 建筑：石鼓书院 .......... 1906

210.
Cuisine: Changde spicy salted duck 酱板鸭传说的由来 1918

211.
Beverages: Sexy Tea 饮品：茶颜悦色 ........................ 1926 (Huang Qi/ Esther)

212.
Opera: Flower-drum Opera 花鼓戏 .............................. 1935(Zhou Jing/ Amy)

213.
Traditional Festivals: Shangsi Festival 上巳节 ............. 1943 （Li Jia/ Zoe）

214.
Ancient Chinese Women's Culture: Ji Sor (Self-combing female) 自梳女 ................................................................. 1949 (Wu Jiaying Cathy)

215.
Cuisine: Dong'an chicken: The Premier Dish of Hunan Cuisine 东安鸡：湘菜之首 ........................................... 1962

216.
Ancient Chinese Women's Culture：Nüshu (Women's Script) 女书 ................................................................................... 1970（He Chuwen/Lyra）

217.
Opera: Shaoxing Opera 越剧 ........................................ 1991

218.
Traditional Crafts: Jade Carving Art 玉雕 .................... 1997

219.
Chinese snack: spicy gluten 中国小吃：辣条 ............. 2003(Jiang Yaping/Sunny)

220.
Social Phenomenon: Marriage: Women Being Urged to Get Married 婚姻：被催婚的女性 ........................................ 2010 Liu XinYu

221.
Chinese mythology: Chinese Dragon Culture 中国龙是什么
....................................................................................... 2019(Zhang Shuai / Andy)

222.
Minority cultures: Laosicheng 老司城 ......................... 2028

223.
The Torch of Unity: Celebrating Torch Festival Among China's Ethnic Minorities 团结的火炬——中国少数民族庆祝火把节
........................................................................... 2041 Xiao Feiyan
224.
Chinese Painting: A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains 《千里江山图》 ............................................ 2048(Yao Yiyun/Olivia）

225.
Festival: Qixi Festival 七夕节 ...................................... 2055（Li Ru/Lee）

226.
Music and instruments: Yuge (Fishing song) 渔歌 ....... 2063

227.
Education: Chicken Child (Fired-up Child) 教育：鸡娃 2071(tao yu/mikansei)

228.
Chinese Science Fiction: The Three-Body Problem 中国科幻小说：《三体》 ............................................................. 2083(Zhang Mengzhe/Nine)

229.
Ganshi in Xiangxi: The Cycle of Life and Death under Ancient Witchcraft 湘西赶尸：古老巫术下的生死轮回 2092 (Liao Wenyao/Rose)

230.
Architecture: Chinese Memorial Archway (Paifang) 中国传统建筑：牌坊 ................................................................... 2098

231.
Chinese Animation 中国动画传统 ............................... 2110（pan yilin/ceci）

232.
Social Phenomenon: Military-style Travel 特种兵式旅游 2121

233.
Folk Art: Youshen Fairs 游神 ....................................... 2131

234.
Nuo Opera 傩戏 ............................................................ 2141

235.
Music and Instruments: Suona Horn 唢呐 .................... 2157（Liu Jieyu/Erica）

236.
Chinese Handicraft: Kesi 中国手工艺品：缂丝 .......... 2166

237.
Sangzhi Folk Songs 桑植民歌 ...................................... 2173

238.
Music and instrument: Ancient Chinese pentatonic scale – Gong, Shang, Jue, Zhi, Yu 五声音阶，汉族古代音律：宫—商—角—徵—羽 ............................................................... 2192 (Han Yaxuan)

239.
Social Phenomenon: Mobile Population 社会现象：流动人口 ....................................................................................... 2204(Hu Zetao/Francis)

240.
Chinese tradition culture: Zanhua 簪花 ........................ 2213 （Xie Ke）

241.
Incense Culture 香道文化 ............................................ 2221 （Zeng Xin）

242.
The Imperial Civil Examination System 科举制度 ...... 2230

243.
Literature: Qu Yuan 文学：屈原 .................................. 2238(Jiang Caiyun/Tony)

244.
Games: pitch-pot game (Touhu) 投壶游戏 ................... 2244(Kuang Jing/Jin)

245.
Folk Art: Piao Se 民间艺术：飘色 .............................. 2253(Huang Mengyan/Mandy)

246.
Jingdezhen Porcelain 景德镇陶瓷 ................................ 2261(Li Dinghao/Leo)

247.
Folk Traditional Customs: Fireworks and Firecrackers 民间传统习俗：烟花和爆竹 ........................................... 2270 (Cao Jialong/caron)

248.
The Literati Painting of the Ming Dynasty: The Wu School 明代文人画：吴门画派 ................................................... 2278

249.
Thangka 唐卡 ............................................................... 2285（Yang Lingyue/Judy）

250.
Striking iron flower 打铁花 .......................................... 2294 (Fu Xinke/Finger)

251.
Chinese Cuisine: Xiang Cuisine – One of the Eight Major Cuisines 湘菜 ................................................................... 23029（Liu Li/Glen）

252.
The Evolution of the Official Selection System 仕进制度 2312（Xia Rong/Sharon)

=Here you can suggest your topic for your final exam paper=
Deadline: Sep 15, 2024

1. Sports: Cuju (蹴鞠)......（Liu Yi/Zer）

2. Science and Technology: Chinese Electrical Vehicles 中国电动汽车 ......(Cheng Linjia/Jason)

3. Chinese tradition culture: Ronghua—Velvet Flowers 绒花………(Xiao Feiyan)

4. Stage entertainment: northeast Errenzhuan (二人转).........(Wu Jiaying/Cathy)

5. Animals: Chinese Cat Culture 动物：中国的猫文化 ...... (Zhao Jing/winnie)
6. Nanchang Relic Museum for Haihun Principality of Han Dynasty (Yao Yiyun)

7. Grass cloth 夏布（Yu Yi/Memo）

8. The Legend of Zhen Huan 《甄嬛传》(Yang Lingyue/ Judy)

9.Chinese horror movies 中式恐怖片......(Zhou Xiaoqiao/ Summer)

10. Stand-up comedy 单口喜剧......(Huang Zechen/ Zachary)

11.Chinese tradition culture: birde-price（彩礼）……（Wang Yujiao/Wendy）

12. Chinese science fiction movies 中国科幻片......（Liu Peinan/Peter）

13.Xiang Embroidery蜀绣······（Liu Zhehui/Mary

14.Chinese traditional jewellery: Buyao(dangling ornament worn by women) （步摇）……（Shu Lin/Shirleen）

15. Tofu meatball with pig blood (猪血丸子) （Su Yi/Suri）

16. Sunzi’s Art of War: Source for All Books on War (孙子兵法) …… (Li Jia/Zoe)

17. The Temple of Heaven：Reverence with Awe and Gratitude（天坛）……（Li Ru/ Lee）

18. Education：training Schools （教育：补习班）……（Jiang Caiyun/Tony）

19. Chinese Dreamcore (中式梦核) ……（Tao Yu/Mikansei）

20.Lu Ban, China’s inventor（中国发明家——鲁班）……（Xiao Yixuan/Yuki）

21. Live-stream shopping（直播带货）……（Yang Fan/Shawn）

22.The Story of Ming Lan（知否知否，应是绿肥红瘦）......(Sha Lijia/Reika)

23. Cha Bai Xi/Tea Latte Art (茶百戏) …… （Fu Xinke/Finger）

23.Herbal tea（凉茶）……（Huang Mengyan/Mandy）

24.Chinese traditional art form：Seal carving（篆刻）……（Wang Yan/Doris ）

25.Rice cake(年糕）……（Chen Pingan/Grace）

26.Zhongyuan festival……(Pan Yilin/Ceci)

27.Dulong: Facial tattoo (独龙族：纹面)……（Zeng Xin）

27.The Return of the Pearl Princess（还珠格格）……（Zeng Wenjing/Zoey）

28.Exercise of middle-aged Chinese people（中国中年人健身）……（Jiao Mengting/Sherry）

29. "Cun Chao": China's village football league（“村超”：中国乡村足球联赛）……（Wu Ziyi/Andrew）

30. Chinese Musical Instrument: Konghou(箜篌)…… (Chen Zilan/Landy)

31. Chinese Bossy Fictions&Micro-drama（中国式霸总小说&短剧）……（Zhang Mengzhe/Nine）

32. Chinese Traditional Medicine (中医药）……（Kuang Jing/Jin）<----- Please check if this topic is not already treated in the textbook. ——— Mortise and Tenon Joint（榫卯结构）

33. Jingdezhen Porcelain……(Le Yuxuan/Lydia) <----- Please check if this topic is not already treated under "porcellain" in the textbook.
The Emotional Bearings and Cultural Connotations of the Moon Imagery in Song Poems (宋词中“月”意象的情感承载和文化内涵）

34. Music and instruments: Erhu ……（Hu Zheng/Leven）<----- Please check if this topic is not already treated under "Erhu" in the textbook.（National Belief: the Chinese Dream ）

35.The plaque and couplet in Chinese garden（园林匾额对联）……（Jiang Chenmei/Lilian）

36. Sun Wukong（孙悟空）……（Liu Huixaun/ Polly）

37. Traditional Chinese Pigments（中国传统颜料）……(Liu Zhuofan/Drovan)

38. Dragon Lantern Dance（舞龙灯）……（Zhou Jing/Amy）

39. Bamboo Weaving (竹编） ......（Zeng Man/ Emily)

40. Landscapes and Tourism: Harbin Ice and Snow World (冰雪大世界) ...... (Chen Mengzhu/ Chris)

41. Braised Chicken Rice (黄焖鸡米饭-Huang Men Ji Mifan)……(Jiang Yaping/Sunny)

42. Three Famous Chinese Mountains(中国三山)......(Liang Dan/Anne) <----- Please check if this topic is not already treated in the textbook.

43. Female Emperor---Wu Zetian......(Zhou Ranran/Jerry) <----- Please check if this topic is not already treated in the textbook.

44. Hotpot(火锅）……(Liu Jieyu/Erica) <----- Please check if this topic is not already treated in the textbook.

45. Abacus(中国珠算）……(Zhang Yange/Mia)

46. Hunan Rice Noodles（湖南米粉） ……(Cao Jialong/Caron)

47. Yao-Chinese folktales（中国奇谭）……(Chen Weiping/Jackie)

48. Chinese popular viral memes (中国网络社交媒体“热梗”）……(Liu Xinyu/Layla)

49. Douzhi (豆汁儿) ……(Lv Di/Ludy)

50.New Year Wood-block Paintings(木版年画）......(Chen Shanshan/Rebecca)

51.The rural revitalization （乡村振兴）......（Liu Zhouli/lovia）

52. Jing Gang Mountain(井冈山）......(Chen Kuanshun/Jason)

53. Intangible Cultural Heritage: Tongguan Kiln （铜官窑）......（Peng Lu/Julia）

54. Language: Hakka Dialect（客家话）……（Tang Yuewei/Eavan）

55. Rice noodle roll（肠粉）……（Zhou Yicen/Hannah）

56. Traditional Cuisine: Northeastern Chinese Cuisine(东北菜）…… （Wang Yue/Nora)

57. Yuelu Mountain (岳麓山)……(Zhou Xukai/Kyrie)

58.Traditional Crafts：Tie-Dye（扎染）……（Xie Ke）

59. Chinese-style sun protection (中式防晒）…… (Zhao Siyao/Caroline)

60. Fengshui (风水）…… (Zhang Shuai/Andy)

61.Yangshao Culture（仰韶文化）…… (Cai Yingchu/ Rachel)

62.Indigo Dyeing(蓝染)……(Long Jiayu/Tara)

63.Female Writers: Zhang Ailing, Chen Ping, Lin Yihan and Li Bihua……(Liao Wenyao/Rose)

64. Wedding dress in the Song Dynasty(宋代婚服）……(Peng Yingying/Becca)

65.The great unification in ancient China(中国古代的大一统思想)……(Ma Ruiqing/Raymond)

66. Traditional Instrument: Erhu （二胡）......（Li Dinghao / Leo）<----- Please check if this topic is not already treated in the textbook. There is another student who wants to write about the same topic. Please make sure it is not yet written and nobody else writes about it.

67. Shaolin Temple (少林寺)......(Shi Zhanning/ Harper)

68. Single bamboo drifting（独竹漂）……(Guo Zibin/Binbin)

69. Cuisine: Changde spicy salted duck 酱板鸭传说的由来……(Zhou Ranran/Jerry)

70. Hui Culture(徽文化)......（Chen Guangzi /Alan）

71. Ma Zu Culture (妈祖文化）……（Liu Li/ Glen）

72. Table Manners …… (Tang Xinyu/Eric)

73. The Mongol nationality(蒙古族）...... ( Liu Zeyu/ Yew)

=Session 1 Thursday Sep 5, 2024 19:00-21:35=
Please download the powerpoint presentation of the teacher here: [[Media:01_Chin_Lang_Cult_2024.pptx]].

=Session 2 Thursday Sep 12, 2024 19:00-21:35=
During the three hours today, the students are presenting the following 6 topics:

6.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China ...................................... 60 (Cheng Linjia/Jason) [[Media:Handsome_Men_2024.pptx]]

20.
Beverages: Milk Tea ........................................................ 186 (Peng Lu/Julia) [[Media:Milk_Tea_2024.pptx]]

21.
Beverages: Tea ................................................................. 193（Yang Fan/Shawn）[[Media:Tea_2024_fall.pptx]] (Please compare with old presentation from Spring 2024: [[Media:Tea_2024.pptx]].)

22.
Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China ............ 198（Liu Zhuofan/Drovan）[[Media:Liquor_2024.pptx]]

33.
Clothing: Cheongsam ....................................................... 285 (Tang Yuewei/ Eavan) [[Media:Cheongsam_fall_2024.pptx]] (Please compare with old presentation from Spring 2024: [[Media:Cheongsam_2024.pptx]].)

41.
Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties .............................. 367（Hannah/Zhou Yicen）[[Media:Official_Selection_System_2024.pptx]]

=Session 3 Thursday Sep 19, 2024 19:00-21:35=

All students: Please prepare these three texts in the textbook for today.

During the three hours today, the students are presenting the following 6 topics:

44. Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up, p. 393 (Li Xiaosu/Jacinda) [[Media:Cosmetics_2024.pptx]]

50. Games: Go 围棋, p. 439 (Peng Yixin/ Eason) [[Media:Go_2024.pptx]]

51. Games: Kite Flying p. 445 （Liu Huixuan/ Polly）[[Media:Kite_2024.pptx]]

52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play, p. 452(Zeng Wenjing/Zoey)[[Media:Mahjong_2024.pptx]]

53. Garden Culture: Gardens, p. 480(Jiang Chenmei/Lilian) [[Media:Gardens_2024.pptx]]

55. Garden culture: the Summer Palace, p. 493(Liu Zhehui/Mary) [[Media:Summer_Palace_2024.pptx]]

Homework:

1. Please read the six texts for next time in the textbook.

2. Please add your final exam paper topic and your name in the respective section above.

3. Take the surveys (EU: https://wn8ae3qwafbc11zv.mikecrm.com/9gdWrQT, 2024: https://wn8ae3qwafbc11zv.mikecrm.com/CTrdOjm).

=Session 4 Thursday Sep 26, 2024 19:00-21:35=

During the three hours today, the students are presenting the following 6 topics:

56. Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden 500 (Cai Yingchu/ Rachel)[[Media:Qingming_2024.pptx]]

57.Gender: Wu Zetian: The Only Female Emperor of Imperial China (Zhou Ranran/Jerry)[[Media:wuzetian.pptx]]

62. Landscapes and Tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains p. 555（Wu Jing/Jennie）[[Media:Five_Mountains 1_2024.pptx]]，[[Media:Five_Mountains 2_2024.pptx]]

87. Literature: Contemporary Literature p. 818 (Chen Guangzi/Alan) [[Media:Cont_Chin_Lit_2024.pptx]]

99. Minority cultures: The Ethnic Minorities’ Costumes p. 896(Zeng Man/Emily)[[Media:Costumes_2024.pptx]]

=Session 5 Thursday Oct 10, 2024 19:00-21:35=

104. Mythology: Gods and Immortals p. 949 (Wang Yue/Nora) p.949 [[Media:Gods and Immortals1_2024.pptx]], [[Media:Gods and Immortals2_2024.pptx]], [[Media:Gods and Immortals3_2024.pptx]]

69. Language: Chinese Dialects 626 (Long Jiayu/Tara)[[Media:Dialects_2024.pptx]]

101. Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money p. 917（Chen Pingan/Grace）[[Media:Red_Envelope_2024.pptx]]

102. Music and instruments: Guzheng p. 928 (Liu Zeyu/Yew)[[Media:Guzheng_2024.pptx]]

105. Mythology: Huli-jing p. 958(Ma Ruiqing/Raymond)[[Media:Huli-jing_2024.pptx]]

111. Opera: Tea-picking Opera p. 1004（Chen Kuanshun/Jason）[[Media:Tea-picking_Opera_2024fall.pptx]]

126. Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions 1130 (Wang Xudong/Hue) [[Media:Four_New_Inventions_2024.pptx]]

=Session 6 Thursday Oct 17, 2024 19:00-21:35=

137. Social: The Long-life Lock p. 1241 （Shu Lin/Shirleen） [[Media:Long-life Lock_2024_fall.pptx]]

138. Social: Round Table Culture p. 1249（Yu Yi/Memo) [[Media:Round Table_2024.pptx]] [[Media:Round Table_2024_fall.pptx]]

139. Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 p. 1257(Lv Di/Ludy) [[Media:Crosstalk_2024.pptx]] [[Media:Crosstalk_2024_fall.pptx]]

142. Traditional Crafts: Chinese Jade Culture p. 1280Zhang Yange(Mia) [[Media:Jade_2024.pptx]]

148. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Chinese Knots p. 1336(Chen Zilan/Landy) [[Media:Chinese Knots_2024.pptx]]

152. Traditional Cuisine: Chopsticks p. 1376(Peng Yingying/Becca) [[Media:Chopsticks_2024.pptx]]

=Session 7 Thursday Oct 24, 2024 19:00-21:35=

153. Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China p. 1381 (Tang Xinyu/Eric) [[Media:Eight_Cuisines_2024.pptx]]

154. Traditional Cuisine: Four Distinct Regional Cuisines p. 1398(Peng Jiayi/Eva) [[Media:Regional_Cuisines_2024.pptx]]

155. Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan p. 1404 Chen Shanshan /Rebecca [[Media:Breakfast1_2024.pptx]][[Media:Breakfast2_2024.pptx]]

156. Traditional Cuisine: Tanghulu, Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick p. 1414(Chen Mengzhu/Chris) [[Media:Tanghulu_2024.pptx]]

157. Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot p. 1423（Xiao Yixuan/Yuki) [[Media:Hot Pot_2024.pptx]]

158. Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking p. 1430(Liu Zhouli/ lovia)[[Media:Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking_2024.pptx]]

=Student roll=
*Cai Yingchu -
*Cao Jialong a
*Chen Guangzi -
*Chen Kuanshun n
*Chen Mengzhu a
*Chen Pingan -
*Chen Shanshan -
*Chen Weiping a
*Chen Zilan a
*Cheng Linjia a
*Fu Xinke a
*Gong Tao n
*Guo Zibin n
*Han Yaxuan -
*He Chuwen n
*Hu ShanShan a
*Hu Zetao a
*Hu Zheng n
*Huang Mengyan -
*Huang Qi n
*Huang Zechen a
*Jiang Caiyun a
*Jiang Chenmei n
*Jiang Yaping a
*Jiao Mengting a
*Kuang Jing a
*Le Yuxuan a
*Li Dinghao -
*Li Jia a
*Li Ru a
*Li Songlin a
*Li Xiaosu a
*Liang Dan a
*Liao Wenyao a
*Liu Huixuan a
*Liu Jieyu a
*Liu Li2 -
*Liu Peinan a
*Liu Xinyu2 -
*Liu Yi2 a
*Liu Zeyu a
*Liu Zhehui -
*Liu Zhouli -
*Liu Zhuofan a
*Long Jiayu a
*Lv Di a
*Ma Ruiqing a
*Pan Yilin a
*Peng Jiayi -
*Peng Lu a
*Peng Yingying -
*Peng Yixin a
*Sha Lijia a
*Shi Zhanning a
*Shu Lin2 a
*Su Yi a
*Tang Xinyan a
*Tang Xinyu a
*Tang Yuewei a
*Tao Yu a
*Wang Xuan2 a
*Wang Xudong -
*Wang Yan2 a
*Wang Yue a
*Wang Yujiao a
*Wu Jiaying a
*Wu Jing a
*Wu Ziyi a
*Xia Rong -
*Xiao Feiyan a
*Xiao Yixuan a
*Xie Ke -
*Yang Fan a
*Yang Hanxu a
*Yang Lingyue a
*Yao Yiyun a
*Yu Yi n
*Zeng Man n
*Zeng Wenjing n
*Zeng Xin a
*Zhang Mengzhe n
*Zhang Rui3 n
*Zhang Shuai a
*Zhang Yange
*Zhao Jing a
*Zhao Siyao a
*Zhou Jing -
*Zhou Ranran -
*Zhou Xiaoqiao -
*Zhou Xukai a
*Zhou Yicen -

=Session 8 Thursday Oct 31, 2024 19:00-21:35=

Today, we start a field research study under the HUNNU JM Research Centre of Excellence (EU grant).

The study is intended to compare learning a foreign language with AI and without AI.

By participating in the study, you agree that your data will be collected. However, the data will first be anonymized and only as anonymized data analyzed and compared with other sets of data. Some general information like study discipline, year and sex will also be used. The results are inteded to be published in scientific publications.

Task 1: Please decide whether you

- want to use

- or not want to use

an AI app with a daily dialogue of 7 phrases to improve your foreign (English, Korean, Japanese) language learning until end of the year.

The groups should almost be equally large.

The group that decides not to use an AI app to improve their language learning are not allowed to use any AI app to improve their language learning. It should not learn less, but try to learn more with humans and from books.

==AI group==

==Human group==

Task 2: Every group should take some notes every day on your wiki homepage about your language learning. You can also write "Today I did not do anything for my language learning."

How to find your homepage?

https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Tang_Yuewei

or

https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Yi2

Then click on edit. Input two new lines (leave one line free) and then write

\= Oct 31, 2024 \=

Today I talked with TalkAI about hobbys.

==Student Presentations today==
165. Worship: Chinese Incense Culture p. 1479(Tang Xinyan/Estrella)[[Media:Incense_2024.pptx]]

168. Martial Arts: Chinese Swordsman Spirit p. 1502(Zhang Rui) [[Media:Swordsman_2024.pptx]]

169. Cuisine: Luosifen p. 1513(Wang Xuan/Cynthia)[[Media:Luosifen_2024.pptx]]

171. Science and Technology: Taobao(淘宝) p. 1531（Li Songlin/Solin)[[Media:Taobao_2024.pptx]]

174. Traditional Cuisine: Jiaozi p. 1561 (Liu Yi/Zer)[[Media:Jiaozi_2024.pptx]]

176. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Oil-paper Umbrella p. 1581（Wang Yan/Doris）[[Media:Oil-paper_Umbrella_2024.pptx]]

File:Hotpot fall 2024.pptx

2024-10-31T12:29:34Z

Xiao Yixuan:

Chinese Language and Culture 2024

2024-10-31T12:27:33Z

Xiao Yixuan: /* Session 7 Thursday Oct 24, 2024 19:00-21:35 */

Welcome to Chinese Language and Culture 2024

THU (19:00-19:45,19:55-20:40,20:50-21:35) 至善楼105 MA2 (23级笔译口译 Translation & Interpretation) 中国语言文化 Chinese Language and Culture 2024, Textbook: Woesler 2024, 1 5.9., 2 12.9., 3 19.9., 4 26.9., 5 10.10., 6 17.10., 7 24.10., 8 31.10., 9 7.11., 10 14.11., 11 21.11., 12 28.11., 13 5.12., 14 12.12., 15 19.12., 16 26.12.

=簽到 Here you can sign in behind the topic you want to present in class=
*Yu Yi
*Memo
*Glen
*Liu Li
*Liu Zhuofan
*Drovan
*Wu Ziyi
*Andrew
*Wang Xuan
*Cynthia
*Wang Yan
*Doris
*Wu Jing
*Jennie
*Huang Qi
*Esther
*Xiao Feiyan
*He Chuwen
*Lyra
*Shu Lin
*Shirleen
*Tang Yuewei
*Zhou Xukai
*Eavan
*Long Jiayu
*Jiang Chenmei
*Lilian
*Jiao Mengting
*Sherry
*Le Yuxuan
*Lydia
*Wu Jiaying
*Cathy
*Jiang Yaping
*Sunny
*Li Jia
*Zoe
*Wang Yujiao
*Wendy
*Fu Xinke
*Finger
*Zeng Wenjing
*Zoey
*Chen Zilan
*Landy
*Yang Lingyue
*Yang Fan
*Liu Peinan
*Peter
*Pan Yilin
*ceci
*Chen Pingan
*Grace
*Huang Mengyan
*Mandy
*Rachel
*Guo Zibin
*Binbin
*Xiao Yixuan
*Zeng Xin
*Su Yi
*Zeng Man
*Emily
*Chen Mengzhu
*Chris
*Huang Zechen
*Zachary
*Liu Zhouli
*Kuang Jing
*Jin
*Tang Xinyan
*Estrella
*Peng Yingying
*Becca
*Ma Ruiqing
*Raymond
*Chen Guangzi
*Alan
*Hannah
*Tang Xinyu
*Zhou Ranran
*Shi Zhanning
*Wang Yue
*Hu Zetao
*Zhang Shuai
*Liu Zhehui
*Wang Xudong
*Zhou Jing
*Amy
*Zhang Yange
*Zhao Jing
*Winnie
*Liu Zeyu
*Liao Wenyao
*Peng Lu
*Liu Yi2
1. Geographic Nature as a Basis for Cultural Development .. 16

2.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Chinese Marriage Customs ............................................................................. 21

3.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Habits, Ways of Contacting .......................................................................... 28

4.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Marriage-Accompanying Songs in Hunan ......................................... 37

5.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Crying Marriage of Tujia ................................................................................... 46

6.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China ...................................... 60 (Cheng Linjia/Jason)

7.
Animals: Panda .................................................................. 68

8.
Architecture ....................................................................... 75

9.
Architecture: The Forbidden City .................................... 84

10.
Architecture: Four Famous Bridges ................................... 97

11.
Architecture: Four Great Pavilions .................................. 107

12.
Architecture: Shengjing Imperial Palace .......................... 118

13.
Architecture: Three Great Towers in China ..................... 125

14.
Architecture: Fengshui in Chinese Architecture .............. 138

15.
Army and weapons: Chinese Ancient Weapons ............... 147

16.
Army and weapons: Terracotta Army .............................. 155

17.
Astrology: Chinese Astrology .......................................... 162

18.
Astrology: Calendar, The 24 Solar Terms ........................ 169

19.
Astrology: Twelve Animals of the Chinese Zodiac .......... 178

20.
Beverages: Milk Tea ........................................................ 186 (Peng Lu/Julia)

21.
Beverages: Tea ................................................................. 193（Yang Fan/Shawn）

22.
Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China ............ 198（Liu Zhuofan/Drovan）

23.
Body movement performance: Chinese Lion Dancing .. 207

24.
Body movement performance: Stilts ................................ 211
25.
Body movement performance: Traditional Chinese Dance
6
......................................................................................... 217

26.
Chinese Writing: Ancient Writing and Painting Tool, Writing Brush ................................................................................ 223

27.
Chinese Writing: Calligraphy ........................................... 232

28.
Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy ............... 238

29.
Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters ............................... 247

30.
Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts ............ 260

31.
Clothing: Chinese Clothing .............................................. 267

32.
Clothing: Batik (Lanran) .................................................. 275

33.
Clothing: Cheongsam ....................................................... 285 (Tang Yuewei/ Eavan)

34.
Confucianism: Confucian Culture .................................... 293

35.
Confucianism: Chinese Traditional Culture-Five Constant Virtues .............................................................................. 307

36.
Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Confucius and Confucianism ................................................................... 315

37.
Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Reading The Analects ......................................................................................... 322

38.
Education: Ancient Chinese Education ............................ 332

39.
Education: Historical Figures, The Four Talented Women of Ancient China .................................................................. 343
40.
Education: Modern Chinese Education System ............... 353

41.
Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties .............................. 367（Hannah/Zhou Yicen）

42.
Education: Yuelu Academy (One of the Four Most Prestigious Academies) .................................................... 376

43.
Facial Make-up ................................................................ 386

44.
Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up ......................................................................................... 393 (Li Xiaosu/Jacinda)

45.
Facial Make-up: Face Changing in Sichuan Opera .......... 409

46.
Fine Arts: Painting ........................................................... 418

47.
Fine Arts: Bada Shanren and Qi Baishi ............................ 423

48.
Fine Arts: Painting Riverside Scene at Tomb Sweeping Day ......................................................................................... 429

49.
Fine Arts: Seal-cutting ..................................................... 436
7

50.
Games: Go 围棋 ........................................................... 439 (Peng Yixin/ Eason)

51.
Games: Kite Flying .......................................................... 445 （Liu Huixuan/ Polly）

52.
Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play ............ 452(Zeng Wenjing/Zoey)

53.
Garden Culture: Gardens ................................................. 480(Jiang Chenmei/Lilian)

54.
Garden Culture: Bonsai (Penjing) .................................. 486

55.
Garden Culture: The Summer Palace ............................... 493(Liu Zhehui/Mary)

56.
Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden 500 (Cai Yingchu/ Rachel)

57.
Gender: Wu Zetian: The Only Female Emperor of Imperial China ................................................................................ 509
(Zhou Ranran/Jerry)
58.
History: Carl and Cixi ...................................................... 521

59.
Interieur: The Folding Screen .......................................... 525

60.
Landscapes and Tourism: Four Buddhist Shrines ............ 534

61.
Landscapes and Tourism: Four State-Level Cultural Relics ......................................................................................... 545

62.
Landscapes and Tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains ........................................................................ 555（Wu Jing/Jennie）

63.
Landscapes and Tourism: Mogao Grottoes ...................... 563

64.
Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai ....... 576

65.
Landscapes and Tourism: Canal Culture：The Grand Canal（The Peking-Hangzhou Grand Canal） ........................ 591

66.
Landscapes and Tourism: The Ancient Tea Horse Road .. 604

67.
Landscapes and Tourism: Tourism, Nanking-An Ancient Capital of Six Dynasties ................................................... 610

68.
Language: Chinese Language .......................................... 616

69.
Language: Chinese Dialects ............................................. 626 (Long Jiayu/Tara) (present first on Oct 10, Session 5)

70.
Language: Chinese Folk Argot ......................................... 635

71.
Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Classical Fairy Tales ......................................................................................... 646

72.
Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Mythology ......... 653

73.
Literature: Ancient literature - Classical Literature .......... 664

74.
Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China ................................................................... 671

75.
Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient
8
China
................................................................................ 680

76.
Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China ............................ 689

77.
Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas .................................................................................. 711

78.
Literature: Ancient literature: Yuefu................................. 727

79.
Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels .................................................................................. 734

80.
Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations ............... 741

81.
Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio ................................................................. 747

82.
Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song.................... 755

83.
Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty ..................................... 783

84.
Literature: Modern Literature .......................................... 792

85.
Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) ....................................................................... 800

86.
Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy ............................................ 807

87.
Literature: Contemporary Literature ................................ 818(Chen Guangzi/Alan)

88.
Martial Arts: Huo Yuanjia ................................................ 823

89.
Martial Arts: Qigong ........................................................ 826

Martial Arts: Taiji (Tai Chi) Shadow Boxing ................... 831

91.
Martial Arts: Wushu ......................................................... 842

92.
Martial Arts: Frolics of the Five Animals (Wuqinxi) ....... 847

93.
Medicine: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) ............. 857

94.
Medicine: TCM - Acupuncture and Moxibustion ............ 863

95.
Medicine: TCM - Diagnosis and Pharmacology .............. 868

96.
Medicine: TCM - The Development of Chinese Medicine ......................................................................................... 873

97.
Medicine: TCM – The Chinese Medical Sage Zhang Zhongjing ......................................................................... 880

98.
Minority cultures: Lisu People and Daogan Festival of Lisu Ethnic Minority
................................................................ 889

99.
Minority cultures: The Ethnic Minorities’ Costumes ....... 896(Zeng Man/Emily)

100.
Money culture: Currency, Jiaozi (A Paper Currency in Northern Song Dynasty) .................................................. 907

101.
Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money ....................................................................... 917（Chen Pingan/Grace）

102.
Music and instruments: Guzheng ..................................... 928 (Liu Zeyu/Yew)

103.
Music and instruments: Pipa ............................................ 939

104.
Mythology: Gods and Immortals ..................................... 949(Wang Yue/Nora)
(present in the end on Sep 26, Session 4)
105.
Mythology: Huli-jing ....................................................... 958(Ma Ruiqing/Raymond)

106.
National Symbols: National Anthem ............................... 969

107.
National Symbols: National Flag ..................................... 976

108.
Opera: Peking Opera ........................................................ 984

109.
Opera: Peking Opera Acrobatics ...................................... 992

110.
Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang ........................ 999

111.
Opera: Tea-picking Opera .............................................. 1004（Chen Kuanshun/Jason）

112.
Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) ........ 1012

113.
Philosophical Schools: Four Main Philosophical Schools ....................................................................................... 1023

114.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy – Daoism ...................................... 1032

115.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading Tao Te Ching ............... 1037

116.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Sutra of Hui-neng . 1043

117.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Importance of Living ....................................................................................... 1049

118.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Legalism ....................................................................... 1060

119.
Philosophy: Chinese Traditional Cultivation Culture .... 1070

120.
Religion: Traditional Chinese Funeral Culture .............. 1082

121.
Religion: Buddhism ....................................................... 1096

122.
Religion: Daoism ........................................................... 1110

123.
Religion: Christianity ..................................................... 1115

124.
Religion: Islam ............................................................... 1121

125.
Science and Technology: Ancient Science and Technology ....................................................................................... 1125

126.
Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions 1130 (Wang Xudong/Hue)

127.
Science and Technology: Compass ................................ 1154

128.
Science and Technology: TikTok (Douyin) .................... 1162

129.
Science and Technology: Three Giant Home Appliance Enterprises In China ..................................................... 1171

130.
Science and Technology: Four Domestic Mobile Phone Companies ..................................................................... 1191

131.
Silk and porcelain: Silk .................................................. 1206

132.
Silk and porcelain: Porcelain ......................................... 1211

133.
Silk and porcelain: Celadon and Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 ............................................................................... 1217

134.
Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zhang Qian and the Silk Road ....................................................................................... 1224

135.
Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He and the Maritime Silk Road ....................................................................... 1229

136.
Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He's Voyages .... 1233

137.
Social: The Long-life Lock ............................................ 1241 （Shu Lin/Shirleen）

138.
Social: Round Table Culture .......................................... 1249（Yu Yi/Memo)

139.
Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 ............................. 1257(Lv Di/Ludy)

140.
Stage entertainment: Shadow Play ................................. 1264

141.
Traditional Crafts: Carving ............................................ 1272

142.
Traditional Crafts: Chinese Jade Culture ....................... 1280Zhang Yange(Mia)

143.
Traditional Crafts: Cloisonne ......................................... 1294

144.
Traditional Crafts: Embroidery ...................................... 1298

145.
Traditional Crafts: Shu Embroidery (Sichuan Embroidery) ....................................................................................... 1302

146.
Traditional Crafts: Xiang Embroidery ........................... 1315

147.
Traditional Crafts: Folk Art - Chinese Paper-cutting ..... 1329

148.
Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Chinese Knots ............... 1336(Chen Zilan/Landy)

149.
Traditional Crafts: Lacquerware .................................... 1344

150.
Traditional Crafts: The Kingfisher Craft点翠 ............... 1349

151.
Traditional Cuisine: Chinese Dining Etiquette ............... 1362

152.
Traditional Cuisine: Chopsticks ..................................... 1376(Peng Yingying/Becca)

153.
Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China ...... 1381 (Tang Xinyu/Eric)

154.
Traditional Cuisine: Four Distinct Regional Cuisines .... 1398(Peng Jiayi/Eva)

155.
Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan .......... 1404 Chen Shanshan /Rebecca

156.
Traditional Cuisine: Tanghulu, Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick .................................................................. 1414(Chen Mengzhu/Chris)

157.
Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot ............................................ 1423（Xiao Yixuan/Yuki)

158.
Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking .......... 1430(Liu Zhouli/ lovia)

159.
Traditional Cuisine: Two Famous Dishes ...................... 1436

160.
Traditional Festivals ....................................................... 1440

161.
Traditional Festivals: Lattice on Ancient Chinese Windows ....................................................................................... 1447

162.
Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets ............. 1459

163.
Westernization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning ....................................................................................... 1465

164.
Westernization: The Westernization Movement ............. 1471

165.
Worship: Chinese Incense Culture ................................. 1479(Tang Xinyan/Estrella)

166.
Economy: Chinese Currency Changes ........................... 1489

167.
History: Wang Shouren .................................................. 1493

168.
Martial Arts: Chinese Swordsman Spirit ........................ 1502(Zhang Rui)

169.
Cuisine: Luosifen ........................................................... 1513(Wang Xuan/Cynthia)

170.
Fine Arts: Chinese Paper Cutting ................................... 1521

171.
Science and Technology: Taobao(淘宝) ...................... 1531（Li Songlin/Solin)

172.
Traditional Craft: Bronze ............................................... 1541

173.
Entertainment: Deyunshe 德云社 ................................. 1548

174.
Traditional Cuisine: Jiaozi ............................................. 1561 (Liu Yi/Zer)

175.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: the Photo Retouching Culture in China ............................................................. 1572

176.
Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Oil-paper Umbrella ....... 1581（Wang Yan/Doris）

177.
stage entertainment:Yuan drama .................................... 1592

178.
Music and instruments: Erhu ......................................... 1601

179.
Traditional and Modern Views on Marriage and Love .. 1608(Zhao Siyao/Caroline)

180.
Traditional Cuisine: Tangyuan ....................................... 1615 (Su Yi/Suri)

181.
Animals：Golden Monkey ............................................ 1625

182.
Chinese Economy: rich businessmen ............................. 1631

183.
Opera: Chinese Local Operas ........................................ 1639

184.
The Chinese tradition of ancestor worship ..................... 1651(Shi Zhanning/Harper)

185.
Opera: Huangmei opera ................................................. 1663

186.
The “reference” of Chinese Music........................... 1670(Huang Zechen/Zachary)

187.
Chinese Folk Art:Lion Dance ........................................ 1676

188.
Science and Technology: Mobile Games（手游） ....... 1691 (Liu Peinan/Peter)

189.
Clothing: Vintage Clothing ............................................ 1697(Hu Shanshan/Maddy)

190.
Fine arts:Kunqu Opera ................................................... 1704

191.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Culture of Flowers ....................................................................................... 1712（Chen Weiping/Jackie）

192.
National Belief: the Chinese Dream .............................. 1722

193.
Science and Technology: Buytogether（PDD) ............ 1729（Wang Yujiao/Wendy）

194.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs：Marriage and Burial Customs of Tujia People ................................................ 1748(Jiao Mengting/Sherry)

195.
Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Guangdong传统美食：广东早餐文化 ....................................................... 1753（Wu Ziyi/Andrew）

196.
Telecast: Become a Farmer 种地吧 .............................. 1765（Sha Lijia/Reika）

197.
Animals: Chinese Rural Dogs 动物：中华田园犬 ...... 1773 (Zhao Jing/Winnie)

198.
Clothing: Hanfu 汉服：揭示中国传统服饰之美 ........ 1781（Guo Zibin/Anne）

199.
Music and instruments: Chime 音乐与乐器：编钟 ..... 1788

200.
Garden Culture: Suzhou Gardens 苏州园林 ................. 1795(Liang Dan/Anne)

201.
Traditional crafts: Moon-shaped Fans 传统技艺：团扇 1806(Le Yuxuan/Lydia)

202.
Minority cultures: Miao Silver Ornaments Culture 苗族银饰文化 ................................................................... 1827(Yang Hanxu/Hansu)

203.
Mysterious culture: Facial Physiognomy 相面术 ......... 1836(Zhou Xiaoqiao）
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204.
Games: Chinese Chess 游戏：象棋 ............................. 1847(Zhou Xukai/Kyrie)

205.
Music and instruments: Guqin 古琴 ............................. 1863

206.
Music and instruments: The Spring Snow 音乐和乐器：《阳春白雪》 ........................................................................... 1878

207.
The "Four Gentlemen": Plum, Orchid Bamboo, Chrysanthemum “四君子”的象征意义 ....................... 1885 （Hu Zheng/ Leven）

208.
Traditional festivals: The Flower Fairy Festival 花朝节 1898 （Gong Tao/Gisele)

209.
Architecture: Shigu Academy 建筑：石鼓书院 .......... 1906

210.
Cuisine: Changde spicy salted duck 酱板鸭传说的由来 1918

211.
Beverages: Sexy Tea 饮品：茶颜悦色 ........................ 1926 (Huang Qi/ Esther)

212.
Opera: Flower-drum Opera 花鼓戏 .............................. 1935(Zhou Jing/ Amy)

213.
Traditional Festivals: Shangsi Festival 上巳节 ............. 1943 （Li Jia/ Zoe）

214.
Ancient Chinese Women's Culture: Ji Sor (Self-combing female) 自梳女 ................................................................. 1949 (Wu Jiaying Cathy)

215.
Cuisine: Dong'an chicken: The Premier Dish of Hunan Cuisine 东安鸡：湘菜之首 ........................................... 1962

216.
Ancient Chinese Women's Culture：Nüshu (Women's Script) 女书 ................................................................................... 1970（He Chuwen/Lyra）

217.
Opera: Shaoxing Opera 越剧 ........................................ 1991

218.
Traditional Crafts: Jade Carving Art 玉雕 .................... 1997

219.
Chinese snack: spicy gluten 中国小吃：辣条 ............. 2003(Jiang Yaping/Sunny)

220.
Social Phenomenon: Marriage: Women Being Urged to Get Married 婚姻：被催婚的女性 ........................................ 2010 Liu XinYu

221.
Chinese mythology: Chinese Dragon Culture 中国龙是什么
....................................................................................... 2019(Zhang Shuai / Andy)

222.
Minority cultures: Laosicheng 老司城 ......................... 2028

223.
The Torch of Unity: Celebrating Torch Festival Among China's Ethnic Minorities 团结的火炬——中国少数民族庆祝火把节
........................................................................... 2041 Xiao Feiyan
224.
Chinese Painting: A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains 《千里江山图》 ............................................ 2048(Yao Yiyun/Olivia）

225.
Festival: Qixi Festival 七夕节 ...................................... 2055（Li Ru/Lee）

226.
Music and instruments: Yuge (Fishing song) 渔歌 ....... 2063

227.
Education: Chicken Child (Fired-up Child) 教育：鸡娃 2071(tao yu/mikansei)

228.
Chinese Science Fiction: The Three-Body Problem 中国科幻小说：《三体》 ............................................................. 2083(Zhang Mengzhe/Nine)

229.
Ganshi in Xiangxi: The Cycle of Life and Death under Ancient Witchcraft 湘西赶尸：古老巫术下的生死轮回 2092 (Liao Wenyao/Rose)

230.
Architecture: Chinese Memorial Archway (Paifang) 中国传统建筑：牌坊 ................................................................... 2098

231.
Chinese Animation 中国动画传统 ............................... 2110（pan yilin/ceci）

232.
Social Phenomenon: Military-style Travel 特种兵式旅游 2121

233.
Folk Art: Youshen Fairs 游神 ....................................... 2131

234.
Nuo Opera 傩戏 ............................................................ 2141

235.
Music and Instruments: Suona Horn 唢呐 .................... 2157（Liu Jieyu/Erica）

236.
Chinese Handicraft: Kesi 中国手工艺品：缂丝 .......... 2166

237.
Sangzhi Folk Songs 桑植民歌 ...................................... 2173

238.
Music and instrument: Ancient Chinese pentatonic scale – Gong, Shang, Jue, Zhi, Yu 五声音阶，汉族古代音律：宫—商—角—徵—羽 ............................................................... 2192 (Han Yaxuan)

239.
Social Phenomenon: Mobile Population 社会现象：流动人口 ....................................................................................... 2204(Hu Zetao/Francis)

240.
Chinese tradition culture: Zanhua 簪花 ........................ 2213 （Xie Ke）

241.
Incense Culture 香道文化 ............................................ 2221 （Zeng Xin）

242.
The Imperial Civil Examination System 科举制度 ...... 2230

243.
Literature: Qu Yuan 文学：屈原 .................................. 2238(Jiang Caiyun/Tony)

244.
Games: pitch-pot game (Touhu) 投壶游戏 ................... 2244(Kuang Jing/Jin)

245.
Folk Art: Piao Se 民间艺术：飘色 .............................. 2253(Huang Mengyan/Mandy)

246.
Jingdezhen Porcelain 景德镇陶瓷 ................................ 2261(Li Dinghao/Leo)

247.
Folk Traditional Customs: Fireworks and Firecrackers 民间传统习俗：烟花和爆竹 ........................................... 2270 (Cao Jialong/caron)

248.
The Literati Painting of the Ming Dynasty: The Wu School 明代文人画：吴门画派 ................................................... 2278

249.
Thangka 唐卡 ............................................................... 2285（Yang Lingyue/Judy）

250.
Striking iron flower 打铁花 .......................................... 2294 (Fu Xinke/Finger)

251.
Chinese Cuisine: Xiang Cuisine – One of the Eight Major Cuisines 湘菜 ................................................................... 23029（Liu Li/Glen）

252.
The Evolution of the Official Selection System 仕进制度 2312（Xia Rong/Sharon)

=Here you can suggest your topic for your final exam paper=
Deadline: Sep 15, 2024

1. Sports: Cuju (蹴鞠)......（Liu Yi/Zer）

2. Science and Technology: Chinese Electrical Vehicles 中国电动汽车 ......(Cheng Linjia/Jason)

3. Chinese tradition culture: Ronghua—Velvet Flowers 绒花………(Xiao Feiyan)

4. Stage entertainment: northeast Errenzhuan (二人转).........(Wu Jiaying/Cathy)

5. Animals: Chinese Cat Culture 动物：中国的猫文化 ...... (Zhao Jing/winnie)
6. Nanchang Relic Museum for Haihun Principality of Han Dynasty (Yao Yiyun)

7. Grass cloth 夏布（Yu Yi/Memo）

8. The Legend of Zhen Huan 《甄嬛传》(Yang Lingyue/ Judy)

9.Chinese horror movies 中式恐怖片......(Zhou Xiaoqiao/ Summer)

10. Stand-up comedy 单口喜剧......(Huang Zechen/ Zachary)

11.Chinese tradition culture: birde-price（彩礼）……（Wang Yujiao/Wendy）

12. Chinese science fiction movies 中国科幻片......（Liu Peinan/Peter）

13.Xiang Embroidery蜀绣······（Liu Zhehui/Mary

14.Chinese traditional jewellery: Buyao(dangling ornament worn by women) （步摇）……（Shu Lin/Shirleen）

15. Tofu meatball with pig blood (猪血丸子) （Su Yi/Suri）

16. Sunzi’s Art of War: Source for All Books on War (孙子兵法) …… (Li Jia/Zoe)

17. The Temple of Heaven：Reverence with Awe and Gratitude（天坛）……（Li Ru/ Lee）

18. Education：training Schools （教育：补习班）……（Jiang Caiyun/Tony）

19. Chinese Dreamcore (中式梦核) ……（Tao Yu/Mikansei）

20.Lu Ban, China’s inventor（中国发明家——鲁班）……（Xiao Yixuan/Yuki）

21. Live-stream shopping（直播带货）……（Yang Fan/Shawn）

22.The Story of Ming Lan（知否知否，应是绿肥红瘦）......(Sha Lijia/Reika)

23. Cha Bai Xi/Tea Latte Art (茶百戏) …… （Fu Xinke/Finger）

23.Herbal tea（凉茶）……（Huang Mengyan/Mandy）

24.Chinese traditional art form：Seal carving（篆刻）……（Wang Yan/Doris ）

25.Rice cake(年糕）……（Chen Pingan/Grace）

26.Zhongyuan festival……(Pan Yilin/Ceci)

27.Dulong: Facial tattoo (独龙族：纹面)……（Zeng Xin）

27.The Return of the Pearl Princess（还珠格格）……（Zeng Wenjing/Zoey）

28.Exercise of middle-aged Chinese people（中国中年人健身）……（Jiao Mengting/Sherry）

29. "Cun Chao": China's village football league（“村超”：中国乡村足球联赛）……（Wu Ziyi/Andrew）

30. Chinese Musical Instrument: Konghou(箜篌)…… (Chen Zilan/Landy)

31. Chinese Bossy Fictions&Micro-drama（中国式霸总小说&短剧）……（Zhang Mengzhe/Nine）

32. Chinese Traditional Medicine (中医药）……（Kuang Jing/Jin）<----- Please check if this topic is not already treated in the textbook. ——— Mortise and Tenon Joint（榫卯结构）

33. Jingdezhen Porcelain……(Le Yuxuan/Lydia) <----- Please check if this topic is not already treated under "porcellain" in the textbook.
The Emotional Bearings and Cultural Connotations of the Moon Imagery in Song Poems (宋词中“月”意象的情感承载和文化内涵）

34. Music and instruments: Erhu ……（Hu Zheng/Leven）<----- Please check if this topic is not already treated under "Erhu" in the textbook.（National Belief: the Chinese Dream ）

35.The plaque and couplet in Chinese garden（园林匾额对联）……（Jiang Chenmei/Lilian）

36. Sun Wukong（孙悟空）……（Liu Huixaun/ Polly）

37. Traditional Chinese Pigments（中国传统颜料）……(Liu Zhuofan/Drovan)

38. Dragon Lantern Dance（舞龙灯）……（Zhou Jing/Amy）

39. Bamboo Weaving (竹编） ......（Zeng Man/ Emily)

40. Landscapes and Tourism: Harbin Ice and Snow World (冰雪大世界) ...... (Chen Mengzhu/ Chris)

41. Braised Chicken Rice (黄焖鸡米饭-Huang Men Ji Mifan)……(Jiang Yaping/Sunny)

42. Three Famous Chinese Mountains(中国三山)......(Liang Dan/Anne) <----- Please check if this topic is not already treated in the textbook.

43. Female Emperor---Wu Zetian......(Zhou Ranran/Jerry) <----- Please check if this topic is not already treated in the textbook.

44. Hotpot(火锅）……(Liu Jieyu/Erica) <----- Please check if this topic is not already treated in the textbook.

45. Abacus(中国珠算）……(Zhang Yange/Mia)

46. Hunan Rice Noodles（湖南米粉） ……(Cao Jialong/Caron)

47. Yao-Chinese folktales（中国奇谭）……(Chen Weiping/Jackie)

48. Chinese popular viral memes (中国网络社交媒体“热梗”）……(Liu Xinyu/Layla)

49. Douzhi (豆汁儿) ……(Lv Di/Ludy)

50.New Year Wood-block Paintings(木版年画）......(Chen Shanshan/Rebecca)

51.The rural revitalization （乡村振兴）......（Liu Zhouli/lovia）

52. Jing Gang Mountain(井冈山）......(Chen Kuanshun/Jason)

53. Intangible Cultural Heritage: Tongguan Kiln （铜官窑）......（Peng Lu/Julia）

54. Language: Hakka Dialect（客家话）……（Tang Yuewei/Eavan）

55. Rice noodle roll（肠粉）……（Zhou Yicen/Hannah）

56. Traditional Cuisine: Northeastern Chinese Cuisine(东北菜）…… （Wang Yue/Nora)

57. Yuelu Mountain (岳麓山)……(Zhou Xukai/Kyrie)

58.Traditional Crafts：Tie-Dye（扎染）……（Xie Ke）

59. Chinese-style sun protection (中式防晒）…… (Zhao Siyao/Caroline)

60. Fengshui (风水）…… (Zhang Shuai/Andy)

61.Yangshao Culture（仰韶文化）…… (Cai Yingchu/ Rachel)

62.Indigo Dyeing(蓝染)……(Long Jiayu/Tara)

63.Female Writers: Zhang Ailing, Chen Ping, Lin Yihan and Li Bihua……(Liao Wenyao/Rose)

64. Wedding dress in the Song Dynasty(宋代婚服）……(Peng Yingying/Becca)

65.The great unification in ancient China(中国古代的大一统思想)……(Ma Ruiqing/Raymond)

66. Traditional Instrument: Erhu （二胡）......（Li Dinghao / Leo）<----- Please check if this topic is not already treated in the textbook. There is another student who wants to write about the same topic. Please make sure it is not yet written and nobody else writes about it.

67. Shaolin Temple (少林寺)......(Shi Zhanning/ Harper)

68. Single bamboo drifting（独竹漂）……(Guo Zibin/Binbin)

69. Cuisine: Changde spicy salted duck 酱板鸭传说的由来……(Zhou Ranran/Jerry)

70. Hui Culture(徽文化)......（Chen Guangzi /Alan）

71. Ma Zu Culture (妈祖文化）……（Liu Li/ Glen）

72. Table Manners …… (Tang Xinyu/Eric)

73. The Mongol nationality(蒙古族）...... ( Liu Zeyu/ Yew)

=Session 1 Thursday Sep 5, 2024 19:00-21:35=
Please download the powerpoint presentation of the teacher here: [[Media:01_Chin_Lang_Cult_2024.pptx]].

=Session 2 Thursday Sep 12, 2024 19:00-21:35=
During the three hours today, the students are presenting the following 6 topics:

6.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China ...................................... 60 (Cheng Linjia/Jason) [[Media:Handsome_Men_2024.pptx]]

20.
Beverages: Milk Tea ........................................................ 186 (Peng Lu/Julia) [[Media:Milk_Tea_2024.pptx]]

21.
Beverages: Tea ................................................................. 193（Yang Fan/Shawn）[[Media:Tea_2024_fall.pptx]] (Please compare with old presentation from Spring 2024: [[Media:Tea_2024.pptx]].)

22.
Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China ............ 198（Liu Zhuofan/Drovan）[[Media:Liquor_2024.pptx]]

33.
Clothing: Cheongsam ....................................................... 285 (Tang Yuewei/ Eavan) [[Media:Cheongsam_fall_2024.pptx]] (Please compare with old presentation from Spring 2024: [[Media:Cheongsam_2024.pptx]].)

41.
Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties .............................. 367（Hannah/Zhou Yicen）[[Media:Official_Selection_System_2024.pptx]]

=Session 3 Thursday Sep 19, 2024 19:00-21:35=

All students: Please prepare these three texts in the textbook for today.

During the three hours today, the students are presenting the following 6 topics:

44. Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up, p. 393 (Li Xiaosu/Jacinda) [[Media:Cosmetics_2024.pptx]]

50. Games: Go 围棋, p. 439 (Peng Yixin/ Eason) [[Media:Go_2024.pptx]]

51. Games: Kite Flying p. 445 （Liu Huixuan/ Polly）[[Media:Kite_2024.pptx]]

52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play, p. 452(Zeng Wenjing/Zoey)[[Media:Mahjong_2024.pptx]]

53. Garden Culture: Gardens, p. 480(Jiang Chenmei/Lilian) [[Media:Gardens_2024.pptx]]

55. Garden culture: the Summer Palace, p. 493(Liu Zhehui/Mary) [[Media:Summer_Palace_2024.pptx]]

Homework:

1. Please read the six texts for next time in the textbook.

2. Please add your final exam paper topic and your name in the respective section above.

3. Take the surveys (EU: https://wn8ae3qwafbc11zv.mikecrm.com/9gdWrQT, 2024: https://wn8ae3qwafbc11zv.mikecrm.com/CTrdOjm).

=Session 4 Thursday Sep 26, 2024 19:00-21:35=

During the three hours today, the students are presenting the following 6 topics:

56. Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden 500 (Cai Yingchu/ Rachel)[[Media:Qingming_2024.pptx]]

57.Gender: Wu Zetian: The Only Female Emperor of Imperial China (Zhou Ranran/Jerry)[[Media:wuzetian.pptx]]

62. Landscapes and Tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains p. 555（Wu Jing/Jennie）[[Media:Five_Mountains 1_2024.pptx]]，[[Media:Five_Mountains 2_2024.pptx]]

87. Literature: Contemporary Literature p. 818 (Chen Guangzi/Alan) [[Media:Cont_Chin_Lit_2024.pptx]]

99. Minority cultures: The Ethnic Minorities’ Costumes p. 896(Zeng Man/Emily)[[Media:Costumes_2024.pptx]]

=Session 5 Thursday Oct 10, 2024 19:00-21:35=

104. Mythology: Gods and Immortals p. 949 (Wang Yue/Nora) p.949 [[Media:Gods and Immortals1_2024.pptx]], [[Media:Gods and Immortals2_2024.pptx]], [[Media:Gods and Immortals3_2024.pptx]]

69. Language: Chinese Dialects 626 (Long Jiayu/Tara)[[Media:Dialects_2024.pptx]]

101. Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money p. 917（Chen Pingan/Grace）[[Media:Red_Envelope_2024.pptx]]

102. Music and instruments: Guzheng p. 928 (Liu Zeyu/Yew)[[Media:Guzheng_2024.pptx]]

105. Mythology: Huli-jing p. 958(Ma Ruiqing/Raymond)[[Media:Huli-jing_2024.pptx]]

111. Opera: Tea-picking Opera p. 1004（Chen Kuanshun/Jason）[[Media:Tea-picking_Opera_2024fall.pptx]]

126. Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions 1130 (Wang Xudong/Hue) [[Media:Four_New_Inventions_2024.pptx]]

=Session 6 Thursday Oct 17, 2024 19:00-21:35=

137. Social: The Long-life Lock p. 1241 （Shu Lin/Shirleen） [[Media:Long-life Lock_2024_fall.pptx]]

138. Social: Round Table Culture p. 1249（Yu Yi/Memo) [[Media:Round Table_2024.pptx]] [[Media:Round Table_2024_fall.pptx]]

139. Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 p. 1257(Lv Di/Ludy) [[Media:Crosstalk_2024.pptx]] [[Media:Crosstalk_2024_fall.pptx]]

142. Traditional Crafts: Chinese Jade Culture p. 1280Zhang Yange(Mia) [[Media:Jade_2024.pptx]]

148. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Chinese Knots p. 1336(Chen Zilan/Landy) [[Media:Chinese Knots_2024.pptx]]

152. Traditional Cuisine: Chopsticks p. 1376(Peng Yingying/Becca) [[Media:Chopsticks_2024.pptx]]

=Session 7 Thursday Oct 24, 2024 19:00-21:35=

153. Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China p. 1381 (Tang Xinyu/Eric) [[Media:Eight_Cuisines_2024.pptx]]

154. Traditional Cuisine: Four Distinct Regional Cuisines p. 1398(Peng Jiayi/Eva) [[Media:Regional_Cuisines_2024.pptx]]

155. Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan p. 1404 Chen Shanshan /Rebecca [[Media:Breakfast1_2024.pptx]][[Media:Breakfast2_2024.pptx]]

156. Traditional Cuisine: Tanghulu, Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick p. 1414(Chen Mengzhu/Chris) [[Media:Tanghulu_2024.pptx]]

157. Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot p. 1423（Xiao Yixuan/Yuki) [[Media:Hotpot_fall 2024.pptx]]

158. Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking p. 1430(Liu Zhouli/ lovia)[[Media:Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking_2024.pptx]]

=Student roll=
*Cai Yingchu -
*Cao Jialong a
*Chen Guangzi -
*Chen Kuanshun n
*Chen Mengzhu a
*Chen Pingan -
*Chen Shanshan -
*Chen Weiping a
*Chen Zilan a
*Cheng Linjia a
*Fu Xinke a
*Gong Tao n
*Guo Zibin n
*Han Yaxuan -
*He Chuwen -
*Hu ShanShan a
*Hu Zetao a
*Hu Zheng -
*Huang Mengyan -
*Huang Qi n
*Huang Zechen a
*Jiang Caiyun a
*Jiang Chenmei n
*Jiang Yaping a
*Jiao Mengting a
*Kuang Jing a
*Le Yuxuan a
*Li Dinghao -
*Li Jia a
*Li Ru a
*Li Songlin a
*Li Xiaosu a
*Liang Dan a
*Liao Wenyao a
*Liu Huixuan a
*Liu Jieyu a
*Liu Li2 -
*Liu Peinan a
*Liu Xinyu2 -
*Liu Yi2 a
*Liu Zeyu a
*Liu Zhehui -
*Liu Zhouli -
*Liu Zhuofan a
*Long Jiayu a
*Lv Di a
*Ma Ruiqing a
*Pan Yilin a
*Peng Jiayi -
*Peng Lu a
*Peng Yingying -
*Peng Yixin a
*Sha Lijia a
*Shi Zhanning a
*Shu Lin2 a
*Su Yi a
*Tang Xinyan a
*Tang Xinyu a
*Tang Yuewei a
*Tao Yu a
*Wang Xuan2 a
*Wang Xudong -
*Wang Yan2 a
*Wang Yue a
*Wang Yujiao a
*Wu Jiaying a
*Wu Jing a
*Wu Ziyi a
*Xia Rong -
*Xiao Feiyan a
*Xiao Yixuan a
*Xie Ke -
*Yang Fan a
*Yang Hanxu a
*Yang Lingyue a
*Yao Yiyun a
*Yu Yi n
*Zeng Man n
*Zeng Wenjing n
*Zeng Xin a
*Zhang Mengzhe n
*Zhang Rui3 n
*Zhang Shuai a
*Zhang Yange
*Zhao Jing a
*Zhao Siyao a
*Zhou Jing -
*Zhou Ranran -
*Zhou Xiaoqiao -
*Zhou Xukai a
*Zhou Yicen -

=Session 8 Thursday Oct 31, 2024 19:00-21:35=

Today, we start a field research study under the HUNNU JM Research Centre of Excellence (EU grant).

The study is intended to compare learning a foreign language with AI and without AI.

By participating in the study, you agree that your data will be collected. However, the data will first be anonymized and only as anonymized data analyzed and compared with other sets of data. Some general information like study discipline, year and sex will also be used. The results are inteded to be published in scientific publications.

Task 1: Please decide whether you

- want to use

- or not want to use

an AI app with a daily dialogue of 7 phrases to improve your foreign (English, Korean, Japanese) language learning until end of the year.

The groups should almost be equally large.

The group that decides not to use an AI app to improve their language learning are not allowed to use any AI app to improve their language learning. It should not learn less, but try to learn more with humans and from books.

==AI group==

==Human group==

Task 2: Every group should take some notes every day on your wiki homepage about your language learning. You can also write "Today I did not do anything for my language learning."

How to find your homepage?

https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Tang_Yuewei

or

https://bou.de/u/wiki/User:Liu_Yi2

Then click on edit. Input two new lines (leave one line free) and then write

\= Oct 31, 2024 \=

Today I talked with TalkAI about hobbys.

==Student Presentations today==
165. Worship: Chinese Incense Culture p. 1479(Tang Xinyan/Estrella)[[Media:Incense_2024.pptx]]

168. Martial Arts: Chinese Swordsman Spirit p. 1502(Zhang Rui) [[Media:Swordsman_2024.pptx]]

169. Cuisine: Luosifen p. 1513(Wang Xuan/Cynthia)[[Media:Luosifen_2024.pptx]]

171. Science and Technology: Taobao(淘宝) p. 1531（Li Songlin/Solin)[[Media:Taobao_2024.pptx]]

174. Traditional Cuisine: Jiaozi p. 1561 (Liu Yi/Zer)[[Media:Jiaozi_2024.pptx]]

176. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Oil-paper Umbrella p. 1581（Wang Yan/Doris）[[Media:Oil-paper_Umbrella_2024.pptx]]

Chinese Language and Culture 2024

2024-09-29T08:26:17Z

Xiao Yixuan:

Welcome to Chinese Language and Culture 2024

THU (19:00-19:45,19:55-20:40,20:50-21:35) 至善楼105 MA2 (23级笔译口译 Translation & Interpretation) 中国语言文化 Chinese Language and Culture 2024, Textbook: Woesler 2024, 1 5.9., 2 12.9., 3 19.9., 4 26.9., 5 10.10., 6 17.10., 7 24.10., 8 31.10., 9 7.11., 10 14.11., 11 21.11., 12 28.11., 13 5.12., 14 12.12., 15 19.12., 16 26.12.

=簽到 Here you can sign in behind the topic you want to present in class=
*Yu Yi
*Memo
*Glen
*Liu Li
*Liu Zhuofan
*Drovan
*Wu Ziyi
*Andrew
*Wang Xuan
*Cynthia
*Wang Yan
*Doris
*Wu Jing
*Jennie
*Huang Qi
*Esther
*Xiao Feiyan
*He Chuwen
*Lyra
*Shu Lin
*Shirleen
*Tang Yuewei
*Zhou Xukai
*Eavan
*Jiang Chenmei
*Lilian
*Jiao Mengting
*Sherry
*Le Yuxuan
*Lydia
*Wu Jiaying
*Cathy
*Jiang Yaping
*Sunny
*Li Jia
*Zoe
*Wang Yujiao
*Wendy
*Fu Xinke
*Finger
*Zeng Wenjing
*Zoey
*Chen Zilan
*Landy
*Yang Lingyue
*Yang Fan
*Liu Peinan
*Peter
*Pan Yilin
*ceci
*Chen Pingan
*Grace
*Huang Mengyan
*Mandy
*Rachel
*Guo Zibin
*Anne
*Xiao Yixuan
*Zeng Xin
*Su Yi
*Zeng Man
*Emily
*Chen Mengzhu
*Chris
*Huang Zechen
*Zachary
*Liu Zhouli
*Kuang Jing
*Jin
*Tang Xinyan
*Estrella
*Peng Yingying
*Becca
*Ma Ruiqing
*Raymond
*Chen Guangzi
*Alan
*Hannah
*Tang Xinyu
*Zhou Ranran
*Shi Zhanning
*Wang Yue
*Hu Zetao
*Zhang Shuai
*Liu Zhehui
*Wang Xudong
*Zhou Jing
*Amy
*Zhang Yange
*Zhao Jing
*Winnie
1. Geographic Nature as a Basis for Cultural Development .. 16

2.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Chinese Marriage Customs ............................................................................. 21

3.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Habits, Ways of Contacting .......................................................................... 28

4.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Marriage-Accompanying Songs in Hunan ......................................... 37

5.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Crying Marriage of Tujia ................................................................................... 46

6.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China ...................................... 60 (Cheng Linjia/Jason)

7.
Animals: Panda .................................................................. 68

8.
Architecture ....................................................................... 75

9.
Architecture: The Forbidden City .................................... 84

10.
Architecture: Four Famous Bridges ................................... 97

11.
Architecture: Four Great Pavilions .................................. 107

12.
Architecture: Shengjing Imperial Palace .......................... 118

13.
Architecture: Three Great Towers in China ..................... 125

14.
Architecture: Fengshui in Chinese Architecture .............. 138

15.
Army and weapons: Chinese Ancient Weapons ............... 147

16.
Army and weapons: Terracotta Army .............................. 155

17.
Astrology: Chinese Astrology .......................................... 162

18.
Astrology: Calendar, The 24 Solar Terms ........................ 169

19.
Astrology: Twelve Animals of the Chinese Zodiac .......... 178

20.
Beverages: Milk Tea ........................................................ 186 (Peng Lu/Julia)

21.
Beverages: Tea ................................................................. 193（Yang Fan/Shawn）

22.
Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China ............ 198（Liu Zhuofan/Drovan）

23.
Body movement performance: Chinese Lion Dancing .. 207

24.
Body movement performance: Stilts ................................ 211
25.
Body movement performance: Traditional Chinese Dance
6
......................................................................................... 217

26.
Chinese Writing: Ancient Writing and Painting Tool, Writing Brush ................................................................................ 223

27.
Chinese Writing: Calligraphy ........................................... 232

28.
Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy ............... 238

29.
Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters ............................... 247

30.
Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts ............ 260

31.
Clothing: Chinese Clothing .............................................. 267

32.
Clothing: Batik (Lanran) .................................................. 275

33.
Clothing: Cheongsam ....................................................... 285 (Tang Yuewei/ Eavan)

34.
Confucianism: Confucian Culture .................................... 293

35.
Confucianism: Chinese Traditional Culture-Five Constant Virtues .............................................................................. 307

36.
Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Confucius and Confucianism ................................................................... 315

37.
Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Reading The Analects ......................................................................................... 322

38.
Education: Ancient Chinese Education ............................ 332

39.
Education: Historical Figures, The Four Talented Women of Ancient China .................................................................. 343
40.
Education: Modern Chinese Education System ............... 353

41.
Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties .............................. 367（Hannah/Zhou Yicen）

42.
Education: Yuelu Academy (One of the Four Most Prestigious Academies) .................................................... 376

43.
Facial Make-up ................................................................ 386

44.
Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up ......................................................................................... 393 (Li Xiaosu/Jacinda)

45.
Facial Make-up: Face Changing in Sichuan Opera .......... 409

46.
Fine Arts: Painting ........................................................... 418

47.
Fine Arts: Bada Shanren and Qi Baishi ............................ 423

48.
Fine Arts: Painting Riverside Scene at Tomb Sweeping Day ......................................................................................... 429

49.
Fine Arts: Seal-cutting ..................................................... 436
7

50.
Games: Go 围棋 ........................................................... 439 (Peng Yixin/ Eason)

51.
Games: Kite Flying .......................................................... 445 （Liu Huixuan/ Polly）

52.
Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play ............ 452(Zeng Wenjing/Zoey)

53.
Garden Culture: Gardens ................................................. 480(Jiang Chenmei/Lilian)

54.
Garden Culture: Bonsai (Penjing) .................................. 486

55.
Garden Culture: The Summer Palace ............................... 493(Liu Zhehui/Mary)

56.
Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden 500 (Cai Yingchu/ Rachel)

57.
Gender: Wu Zetian: The Only Female Emperor of Imperial China ................................................................................ 509
(Zhou Ranran/Jerry)
58.
History: Carl and Cixi ...................................................... 521

59.
Interieur: The Folding Screen .......................................... 525

60.
Landscapes and Tourism: Four Buddhist Shrines ............ 534

61.
Landscapes and Tourism: Four State-Level Cultural Relics ......................................................................................... 545

62.
Landscapes and Tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains ........................................................................ 555（Wu Jing/Jennie）

63.
Landscapes and Tourism: Mogao Grottoes ...................... 563

64.
Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai ....... 576

65.
Landscapes and Tourism: Canal Culture：The Grand Canal（The Peking-Hangzhou Grand Canal） ........................ 591

66.
Landscapes and Tourism: The Ancient Tea Horse Road .. 604

67.
Landscapes and Tourism: Tourism, Nanking-An Ancient Capital of Six Dynasties ................................................... 610

68.
Language: Chinese Language .......................................... 616

69.
Language: Chinese Dialects ............................................. 626 (Long Jiayu/Tara) (present first on Oct 10, Session 5)

70.
Language: Chinese Folk Argot ......................................... 635

71.
Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Classical Fairy Tales ......................................................................................... 646

72.
Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Mythology ......... 653

73.
Literature: Ancient literature - Classical Literature .......... 664

74.
Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China ................................................................... 671

75.
Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient
8
China
................................................................................ 680

76.
Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China ............................ 689

77.
Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas .................................................................................. 711

78.
Literature: Ancient literature: Yuefu................................. 727

79.
Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels .................................................................................. 734

80.
Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations ............... 741

81.
Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio ................................................................. 747

82.
Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song.................... 755

83.
Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty ..................................... 783

84.
Literature: Modern Literature .......................................... 792

85.
Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) ....................................................................... 800

86.
Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy ............................................ 807

87.
Literature: Contemporary Literature ................................ 818(Chen Guangzi/Alan)

88.
Martial Arts: Huo Yuanjia ................................................ 823

89.
Martial Arts: Qigong ........................................................ 826

Martial Arts: Taiji (Tai Chi) Shadow Boxing ................... 831

91.
Martial Arts: Wushu ......................................................... 842

92.
Martial Arts: Frolics of the Five Animals (Wuqinxi) ....... 847

93.
Medicine: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) ............. 857

94.
Medicine: TCM - Acupuncture and Moxibustion ............ 863

95.
Medicine: TCM - Diagnosis and Pharmacology .............. 868

96.
Medicine: TCM - The Development of Chinese Medicine ......................................................................................... 873

97.
Medicine: TCM – The Chinese Medical Sage Zhang Zhongjing ......................................................................... 880

98.
Minority cultures: Lisu People and Daogan Festival of Lisu Ethnic Minority
................................................................ 889

99.
Minority cultures: The Ethnic Minorities’ Costumes ....... 896(Zeng Man/Emily)

100.
Money culture: Currency, Jiaozi (A Paper Currency in Northern Song Dynasty) .................................................. 907

101.
Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money ....................................................................... 917（Chen Pingan/Grace）

102.
Music and instruments: Guzheng ..................................... 928 (Liu Zeyu/Yew)

103.
Music and instruments: Pipa ............................................ 939

104.
Mythology: Gods and Immortals ..................................... 949(Wang Yue/Nora)
(present in the end on Sep 26, Session 4)
105.
Mythology: Huli-jing ....................................................... 958(Ma Ruiqing/Raymond)

106.
National Symbols: National Anthem ............................... 969

107.
National Symbols: National Flag ..................................... 976

108.
Opera: Peking Opera ........................................................ 984

109.
Opera: Peking Opera Acrobatics ...................................... 992

110.
Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang ........................ 999

111.
Opera: Tea-picking Opera .............................................. 1004（Chen Kuanshun/Jason）

112.
Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) ........ 1012

113.
Philosophical Schools: Four Main Philosophical Schools ....................................................................................... 1023

114.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy – Daoism ...................................... 1032

115.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading Tao Te Ching ............... 1037

116.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Sutra of Hui-neng . 1043

117.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Importance of Living ....................................................................................... 1049

118.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Legalism ....................................................................... 1060

119.
Philosophy: Chinese Traditional Cultivation Culture .... 1070

120.
Religion: Traditional Chinese Funeral Culture .............. 1082

121.
Religion: Buddhism ....................................................... 1096

122.
Religion: Daoism ........................................................... 1110

123.
Religion: Christianity ..................................................... 1115

124.
Religion: Islam ............................................................... 1121

125.
Science and Technology: Ancient Science and Technology ....................................................................................... 1125

126.
Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions 1130 (Wang Xudong/Hue)

127.
Science and Technology: Compass ................................ 1154

128.
Science and Technology: TikTok (Douyin) .................... 1162

129.
Science and Technology: Three Giant Home Appliance Enterprises In China ..................................................... 1171

130.
Science and Technology: Four Domestic Mobile Phone Companies ..................................................................... 1191

131.
Silk and porcelain: Silk .................................................. 1206

132.
Silk and porcelain: Porcelain ......................................... 1211

133.
Silk and porcelain: Celadon and Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 ............................................................................... 1217

134.
Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zhang Qian and the Silk Road ....................................................................................... 1224

135.
Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He and the Maritime Silk Road ....................................................................... 1229

136.
Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He's Voyages .... 1233

137.
Social: The Long-life Lock ............................................ 1241 （Shu Lin/Shirleen）

138.
Social: Round Table Culture .......................................... 1249（Yu Yi/Memo)

139.
Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 ............................. 1257(Lv Di/Ludy)

140.
Stage entertainment: Shadow Play ................................. 1264

141.
Traditional Crafts: Carving ............................................ 1272

142.
Traditional Crafts: Chinese Jade Culture ....................... 1280Zhang Yange(Mia)

143.
Traditional Crafts: Cloisonne ......................................... 1294

144.
Traditional Crafts: Embroidery ...................................... 1298

145.
Traditional Crafts: Shu Embroidery (Sichuan Embroidery) ....................................................................................... 1302

146.
Traditional Crafts: Xiang Embroidery ........................... 1315

147.
Traditional Crafts: Folk Art - Chinese Paper-cutting ..... 1329

148.
Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Chinese Knots ............... 1336(Chen Zilan/Landy)

149.
Traditional Crafts: Lacquerware .................................... 1344

150.
Traditional Crafts: The Kingfisher Craft点翠 ............... 1349

151.
Traditional Cuisine: Chinese Dining Etiquette ............... 1362

152.
Traditional Cuisine: Chopsticks ..................................... 1376(Peng Yingying/Becca)

153.
Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China ...... 1381 (Tang Xinyu/Eric)

154.
Traditional Cuisine: Four Distinct Regional Cuisines .... 1398(Peng Jiayi/Eva)

155.
Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan .......... 1404 Chen Shanshan /Rebecca

156.
Traditional Cuisine: Tanghulu, Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick .................................................................. 1414(Chen Mengzhu/Chris)

157.
Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot ............................................ 1423（Xiao Yixuan/Yuki)

158.
Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking .......... 1430(Liu Zhouli/ lovia)

159.
Traditional Cuisine: Two Famous Dishes ...................... 1436

160.
Traditional Festivals ....................................................... 1440

161.
Traditional Festivals: Lattice on Ancient Chinese Windows ....................................................................................... 1447

162.
Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets ............. 1459

163.
Westernization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning ....................................................................................... 1465

164.
Westernization: The Westernization Movement ............. 1471

165.
Worship: Chinese Incense Culture ................................. 1479(Tang Xinyan/Estrella)

166.
Economy: Chinese Currency Changes ........................... 1489

167.
History: Wang Shouren .................................................. 1493

168.
Martial Arts: Chinese Swordsman Spirit ........................ 1502(Zhang Rui)

169.
Cuisine: Luosifen ........................................................... 1513(Wang Xuan/Cynthia)

170.
Fine Arts: Chinese Paper Cutting ................................... 1521

171.
Science and Technology: Taobao(淘宝) ...................... 1531（Li Songlin/Solin)

172.
Traditional Craft: Bronze ............................................... 1541

173.
Entertainment: Deyunshe 德云社 ................................. 1548

174.
Traditional Cuisine: Jiaozi ............................................. 1561 (Liu Yi/Zer)

175.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: the Photo Retouching Culture in China ............................................................. 1572

176.
Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Oil-paper Umbrella ....... 1581（Wang Yan/Doris）

177.
stage entertainment:Yuan drama .................................... 1592

178.
Music and instruments: Erhu ......................................... 1601

179.
Traditional and Modern Views on Marriage and Love .. 1608(Zhao Siyao/Caroline)

180.
Traditional Cuisine: Tangyuan ....................................... 1615 (Su Yi/Suri)

181.
Animals：Golden Monkey ............................................ 1625

182.
Chinese Economy: rich businessmen ............................. 1631

183.
Opera: Chinese Local Operas ........................................ 1639

184.
The Chinese tradition of ancestor worship ..................... 1651(Shi Zhanning/Harper)

185.
Opera: Huangmei opera ................................................. 1663

186.
The “reference” of Chinese Music........................... 1670(Huang Zechen/Zachary)

187.
Chinese Folk Art:Lion Dance ........................................ 1676

188.
Science and Technology: Mobile Games（手游） ....... 1691 (Liu Peinan/Peter)

189.
Clothing: Vintage Clothing ............................................ 1697(Hu Shanshan/Maddy)

190.
Fine arts:Kunqu Opera ................................................... 1704

191.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Culture of Flowers ....................................................................................... 1712（Chen Weiping/Jackie）

192.
National Belief: the Chinese Dream .............................. 1722

193.
Science and Technology: Buytogether（PDD) ............ 1729（Wang Yujiao/Wendy）

194.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs：Marriage and Burial Customs of Tujia People ................................................ 1748(Jiao Mengting/Sherry)

195.
Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Guangdong传统美食：广东早餐文化 ....................................................... 1753（Wu Ziyi/Andrew）

196.
Telecast: Become a Farmer 种地吧 .............................. 1765（Sha Lijia/Reika）

197.
Animals: Chinese Rural Dogs 动物：中华田园犬 ...... 1773 (Zhao Jing/Winnie)

198.
Clothing: Hanfu 汉服：揭示中国传统服饰之美 ........ 1781（Guo Zibin/Anne）

199.
Music and instruments: Chime 音乐与乐器：编钟 ..... 1788

200.
Garden Culture: Suzhou Gardens 苏州园林 ................. 1795(Liang Dan/Anne)

201.
Traditional crafts: Moon-shaped Fans 传统技艺：团扇 1806(Le Yuxuan/Lydia)

202.
Minority cultures: Miao Silver Ornaments Culture 苗族银饰文化 ................................................................... 1827(Yang Hanxu/Hansu)

203.
Mysterious culture: Facial Physiognomy 相面术 ......... 1836(Zhou Xiaoqiao）
<nowiki>Insert non-formatted text here</nowiki>
204.
Games: Chinese Chess 游戏：象棋 ............................. 1847(Zhou Xukai/Kyrie)

205.
Music and instruments: Guqin 古琴 ............................. 1863

206.
Music and instruments: The Spring Snow 音乐和乐器：《阳春白雪》 ........................................................................... 1878

207.
The "Four Gentlemen": Plum, Orchid Bamboo, Chrysanthemum “四君子”的象征意义 ....................... 1885 （Hu Zheng/ Leven）

208.
Traditional festivals: The Flower Fairy Festival 花朝节 1898 （Gong Tao/Gisele)

209.
Architecture: Shigu Academy 建筑：石鼓书院 .......... 1906

210.
Cuisine: Changde spicy salted duck 酱板鸭传说的由来 1918

211.
Beverages: Sexy Tea 饮品：茶颜悦色 ........................ 1926 (Huang Qi/ Esther)

212.
Opera: Flower-drum Opera 花鼓戏 .............................. 1935(Zhou Jing/ Amy)

213.
Traditional Festivals: Shangsi Festival 上巳节 ............. 1943 （Li Jia/ Zoe）

214.
Ancient Chinese Women's Culture: Ji Sor (Self-combing female) 自梳女 ................................................................. 1949 (Wu Jiaying Cathy)

215.
Cuisine: Dong'an chicken: The Premier Dish of Hunan Cuisine 东安鸡：湘菜之首 ........................................... 1962

216.
Ancient Chinese Women's Culture：Nüshu (Women's Script) 女书 ................................................................................... 1970（He Chuwen/Lyra）

217.
Opera: Shaoxing Opera 越剧 ........................................ 1991

218.
Traditional Crafts: Jade Carving Art 玉雕 .................... 1997

219.
Chinese snack: spicy gluten 中国小吃：辣条 ............. 2003(Jiang Yaping/Sunny)

220.
Social Phenomenon: Marriage: Women Being Urged to Get Married 婚姻：被催婚的女性 ........................................ 2010 Liu XinYu

221.
Chinese mythology: Chinese Dragon Culture 中国龙是什么
....................................................................................... 2019(Zhang Shuai / Andy)

222.
Minority cultures: Laosicheng 老司城 ......................... 2028

223.
The Torch of Unity: Celebrating Torch Festival Among China's Ethnic Minorities 团结的火炬——中国少数民族庆祝火把节
........................................................................... 2041 Xiao Feiyan
224.
Chinese Painting: A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains 《千里江山图》 ............................................ 2048(Yao Yiyun/Olivia）

225.
Festival: Qixi Festival 七夕节 ...................................... 2055（Li Ru/Lee）

226.
Music and instruments: Yuge (Fishing song) 渔歌 ....... 2063

227.
Education: Chicken Child (Fired-up Child) 教育：鸡娃 2071(tao yu/mikansei)

228.
Chinese Science Fiction: The Three-Body Problem 中国科幻小说：《三体》 ............................................................. 2083(Zhang Mengzhe/Nine)

229.
Ganshi in Xiangxi: The Cycle of Life and Death under Ancient Witchcraft 湘西赶尸：古老巫术下的生死轮回 2092 (Liao Wenyao/Rose)

230.
Architecture: Chinese Memorial Archway (Paifang) 中国传统建筑：牌坊 ................................................................... 2098

231.
Chinese Animation 中国动画传统 ............................... 2110（pan yilin/ceci）

232.
Social Phenomenon: Military-style Travel 特种兵式旅游 2121

233.
Folk Art: Youshen Fairs 游神 ....................................... 2131

234.
Nuo Opera 傩戏 ............................................................ 2141

235.
Music and Instruments: Suona Horn 唢呐 .................... 2157（Liu Jieyu/Erica）

236.
Chinese Handicraft: Kesi 中国手工艺品：缂丝 .......... 2166

237.
Sangzhi Folk Songs 桑植民歌 ...................................... 2173

238.
Music and instrument: Ancient Chinese pentatonic scale – Gong, Shang, Jue, Zhi, Yu 五声音阶，汉族古代音律：宫—商—角—徵—羽 ............................................................... 2192 (Han Yaxuan)

239.
Social Phenomenon: Mobile Population 社会现象：流动人口 ....................................................................................... 2204(Hu Zetao/Francis)

240.
Chinese tradition culture: Zanhua 簪花 ........................ 2213 （Xie Ke）

241.
Incense Culture 香道文化 ............................................ 2221 （Zeng Xin）

242.
The Imperial Civil Examination System 科举制度 ...... 2230

243.
Literature: Qu Yuan 文学：屈原 .................................. 2238(Jiang Caiyun/Tony)

244.
Games: pitch-pot game (Touhu) 投壶游戏 ................... 2244(Kuang Jing/Jin)

245.
Folk Art: Piao Se 民间艺术：飘色 .............................. 2253(Huang Mengyan/Mandy)

246.
Jingdezhen Porcelain 景德镇陶瓷 ................................ 2261(Li Dinghao/Leo)

247.
Folk Traditional Customs: Fireworks and Firecrackers 民间传统习俗：烟花和爆竹 ........................................... 2270 (Cao Jialong/caron)

248.
The Literati Painting of the Ming Dynasty: The Wu School 明代文人画：吴门画派 ................................................... 2278

249.
Thangka 唐卡 ............................................................... 2285（Yang Lingyue/Judy）

250.
Striking iron flower 打铁花 .......................................... 2294 (Fu Xinke/Finger)

251.
Chinese Cuisine: Xiang Cuisine – One of the Eight Major Cuisines 湘菜 ................................................................... 23029（Liu Li/Glen）

252.
The Evolution of the Official Selection System 仕进制度 2312（Xia Rong/Sharon)

=Here you can suggest your topic for your final exam paper=
Deadline: Sep 15, 2024

1. Sports: Cuju 蹴鞠………(Liu Yi/Zer)

2. Science and Technology: Chinese Electrical Vehicles (Cheng Linjia/Jason)

3. Chinese tradition culture: Ronghua—Velvet Flowers 绒花………(Xiao Feiyan)

4. Stage entertainment: northeast Errenzhuan (二人转).........(Wu Jiaying/Cathy)

5. Animals: Chinese Cats 动物：中国猫 ...... (Zhao Jing/winnie)

6. Nanchang Relic Museum for Haihun Principality of Han Dynasty (Yao Yiyun)

7. Grass cloth 夏布（Yu Yi/Memo）

8. The Legend of Zhen Huan 《甄嬛传》(Yang Lingyue/ Judy)

9.Chinese horror movies 中式恐怖片......(Zhou Xiaoqiao/ Summer)

10. Stand-up comedy 单口喜剧......(Huang Zechen/ Zachary)

11.Chinese tradition culture: birde-price（彩礼）……（Wang Yujiao/Wendy）

12. Chinese science fiction movies 中国科幻片......（Liu Peinan/Peter）

13.Xiang Embroidery湘绣······（Liu Zhehui/Mary

14.Chinese traditional jewellery: Buyao(dangling ornament worn by women) （步摇）……（Shu Lin/Shirleen）

15. Tofu meatball with pig blood (猪血丸子) （Su Yi/Suri）

16. Sunzi’s Art of War: Source for All Books on War (孙子兵法) …… (Li Jia/Zoe)

17. The Temple of Heaven：Reverence with Awe and Gratitude（天坛）……（Li Ru/ Lee）

18. Education：training Schools （教育：补习班）……（Jiang Caiyun/Tony）

19. Chinese Dreamcore (中式梦核) ……（Tao Yu/Mikansei）

20.Lu Ban, China’s inventor（中国发明家——鲁班）……（Xiao Yixuan/Yuki）

21. Live-stream shopping（直播带货）……（Yang Fan/Shawn）

22.The Story of Ming Lan（知否知否，应是绿肥红瘦）......(Sha Lijia/Reika)

23. Cha Bai Xi/Tea Latte Art (茶百戏) …… （Fu Xinke/Finger）

23.Herbal tea（凉茶）……（Huang Mengyan/Mandy）

24.Chinese traditional art form：Seal carving（篆刻）……（Wang Yan/Doris ）

25.Rice cake(年糕）……（Chen Pingan/Grace）

26.Zhongyuan festival……(Pan Yilin/Ceci)

27.Dulong: Facial tattoo (独龙族：纹面)……（Zeng Xin）

27.The Return of the Pearl Princess（还珠格格）……（Zeng Wenjing/Zoey）

28.Tourism:"Special Forces" Style Tourism（特种兵式旅游）……（Jiao Mengting/Sherry）

29. "Cun Chao": China's village football league（“村超”：中国乡村足球联赛）……（Wu Ziyi/Andrew）

30. Chinese Musical Instrument: Konghou(箜篌)…… (Chen Zilan/Landy)

31. Chinese Bossy Fictions&Micro-drama（中国式霸总小说&短剧）……（Zhang Mengzhe/Nine）

32. Chinese Traditional Medicine (中医药）……（Kuang Jing/Jin）

33. Jingdezhen Porcelain……(Le Yuxuan/Lydia)

34. Music and instruments: Erhu ……（Hu Zheng/Leven）

35.The plaque and couplet in Chinese garden（园林匾额对联）……（Jiang Chenmei/Lilian）

36. Sun Wukong（孙悟空）……（Liu Huixaun/ Polly）

37. Traditional Chinese Pigments（中国传统颜料）……(Liu Zhuofan/Drovan)

38. Dragon Lantern Dance（舞龙灯）……（Zhou Jing/Amy）

39. Bamboo Weaving (竹编） ......（Zeng Man/ Emily)

40. Landscapes and Tourism: Harbin Ice and Snow World (冰雪大世界) ...... (Chen Mengzhu/ Chris)

41. Braised Chicken Rice (黄焖鸡米饭-Huang Men Ji Mifan)……(Jiang Yaping/Sunny)

42. Three Famous Chinese Mountains(中国三山)......(Liang Dan/Anne)

43. Female Emperor---Wu Zetian......(Zhou Ranran/Jerry)

44. Hotpot(火锅）……(Liu Jieyu/Erica)

45. Velvet flowers(绒花）……(Zhang Yange/Mia)

46. Hunan Rice Noodles（湖南米粉） ……(Cao Jialong/Caron)

47. Yao-Chinese folktales（中国奇谭）……(Chen Weiping/Jackie)

48. Chinese popular viral memes (中国网络社交媒体“热梗”）……(Liu Xinyu/Layla)

49. Douzhi (豆汁儿) ……(Lv Di/Ludy)

50.oilpaper umbrella(油纸伞）......(Chen Shanshan/Rebecca)

51.The rural revitalization （乡村振兴）......（Liu Zhouli/lovia）

=Session 1 Thursday Sep 5, 2024 19:00-21:35=
Please download the powerpoint presentation of the teacher here: [[Media:01_Chin_Lang_Cult_2024.pptx]].

=Session 2 Thursday Sep 12, 2024 19:00-21:35=
During the three hours today, the students are presenting the following 6 topics:

6.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China ...................................... 60 (Cheng Linjia/Jason) [[Media:Handsome_Men_2024.pptx]]

20.
Beverages: Milk Tea ........................................................ 186 (Peng Lu/Julia) [[Media:Milk_Tea_2024.pptx]]

21.
Beverages: Tea ................................................................. 193（Yang Fan/Shawn）[[Media:Tea_2024_fall.pptx]] (Please compare with old presentation from Spring 2024: [[Media:Tea_2024.pptx]].)

22.
Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China ............ 198（Liu Zhuofan/Drovan）[[Media:Liquor_2024.pptx]]

33.
Clothing: Cheongsam ....................................................... 285 (Tang Yuewei/ Eavan) [[Media:Cheongsam_fall_2024.pptx]] (Please compare with old presentation from Spring 2024: [[Media:Cheongsam_2024.pptx]].)

41.
Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties .............................. 367（Hannah/Zhou Yicen）[[Media:Official_Selection_System_2024.pptx]]

=Session 3 Thursday Sep 19, 2024 19:00-21:35=

All students: Please prepare these three texts in the textbook for today.

During the three hours today, the students are presenting the following 6 topics:

44. Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up, p. 393 (Li Xiaosu/Jacinda) [[Media:Cosmetics_2024.pptx]]

50. Games: Go 围棋, p. 439 (Peng Yixin/ Eason) [[Media:Go_2024.pptx]]

51. Games: Kite Flying p. 445 （Liu Huixuan/ Polly）[[Media:Kite_2024.pptx]]

52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play, p. 452(Zeng Wenjing/Zoey)[[Media:Mahjong_2024.pptx]]

53. Garden Culture: Gardens, p. 480(Jiang Chenmei/Lilian) [[Media:Gardens_2024.pptx]]

55. Garden culture: the Summer Palace, p. 493(Liu Zhehui/Mary) [[Media:Summer_Palace_2024.pptx]]

Homework:

1. Please read the six texts for next time in the textbook.

2. Please add your final exam paper topic and your name in the respective section above.

3. Take the surveys (EU: https://wn8ae3qwafbc11zv.mikecrm.com/9gdWrQT, 2024: https://wn8ae3qwafbc11zv.mikecrm.com/CTrdOjm).

=Session 4 Thursday Sep 26, 2024 19:00-21:35=

During the three hours today, the students are presenting the following 6 topics:

56. Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden 500 (Cai Yingchu/ Rachel)[[Media:Qingming_2024.pptx]]

57.Gender: Wu Zetian: The Only Female Emperor of Imperial China (Zhou Ranran/Jerry)[[Media:wuzetian.pptx]]

62. Landscapes and Tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains p. 555（Wu Jing/Jennie）[[Media:Five_Mountains 1_2024.pptx]]，[[Media:Five_Mountains 2_2024.pptx]]

87. Literature: Contemporary Literature p. 818 (Chen Guangzi/Alan) [[Media:Cont_Chin_Lit_2024.pptx]]

99. Minority cultures: The Ethnic Minorities’ Costumes p. 896(Zeng Man/Emily)[[Media:Costumes_2024.pptx]]

=Session 5 Thursday Oct 10, 2024 19:00-21:35=

104. Mythology: Gods and Immortals p. 949 (Wang Yue/Nora) p.949 [[Media:Gods and Immortals1_2024.pptx]], [[Media:Gods and Immortals2_2024.pptx]], [[Media:Gods and Immortals3_2024.pptx]]

69. Language: Chinese Dialects 626 (Long Jiayu/Tara)[[Media:Dialects_2024.pptx]]

101. Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money p. 917
（Chen Pingan/Grace）[[Media:Red_Envelope_2024.pptx]]

102. Music and instruments: Guzheng p. 928 (Liu Zeyu/Yew)[[Media:Guzheng_2024.pptx]]

105. Mythology: Huli-jing p. 958(Ma Ruiqing/Raymond)[[Media:Huli-jing_2024.pptx]]

111. Opera: Tea-picking Opera p. 1004（Chen Kuanshun/Jason）[[Media:Tea-picking_Opera_2024.pptx]]

126. Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions 1130 (Wang Xudong/Hue) [[Media:Four_New_Inventions_2024.pptx]]

Chinese Language and Culture 2024

2024-09-24T10:14:37Z

Xiao Yixuan:

Welcome to Chinese Language and Culture 2024

THU (19:00-19:45,19:55-20:40,20:50-21:35) 至善楼105 MA2 (23级笔译口译 Translation & Interpretation) 中国语言文化 Chinese Language and Culture 2024, Textbook: Woesler 2024, 1 5.9., 2 12.9., 3 19.9., 4 26.9., 5 10.10., 6 17.10., 7 24.10., 8 31.10., 9 7.11., 10 14.11., 11 21.11., 12 28.11., 13 5.12., 14 12.12., 15 19.12., 16 26.12.

=簽到 Here you can sign in behind the topic you want to present in class=
*Yu Yi
*Memo
*Glen
*Liu Li
*Liu Zhuofan
*Drovan
*Wu Ziyi
*Andrew
*Wang Xuan
*Cynthia
*Wang Yan
*Doris
*Wu Jing
*Jennie
*Huang Qi
*Esther
*Xiao Feiyan
*He Chuwen
*Lyra
*Shu Lin
*Shirleen
*Tang Yuewei
*Zhou Xukai
*Eavan
*Jiao Mengting
*Sherry
*Le Yuxuan
*Lydia
*Wu Jiaying
*Cathy
*Jiang Yaping
*Sunny
*Li Jia
*Zoe
*Wang Yujiao
*Wendy
*Fu Xinke
*Finger
*Zeng Wenjing
*Zoey
*Chen Zilan
*Landy
*Yang Lingyue
*Yang Fan
*Liu Peinan
*Peter
*Pan Yilin
*ceci
*Chen Pingan
*Grace
*Huang Mengyan
*Mandy
*Rachel
*Guo Zibin
*Anne
*Xiao Yixuan
*Zeng Xin
*Su Yi
*Zeng Man
*Emily
*Chen Mengzhu
*Chris
*Huang Zechen
*Zachary
*Liu Zhouli
*Kuang Jing
*Jin
*Tang Xinyan
*Estrella
*Peng Yingying
*Becca
*Ma Ruiqing
*Raymond
*Chen Guangzi
*Alan
*Hannah
*Tang Xinyu
*Zhou Ranran
*Shi Zhanning
*Wang Yue
*Hu Zetao
*Zhang Shuai
*Liu Zhehui
*Wang Xudong
*Zhou Jing
*Amy
*Zhang Yange
*Zhao Jing
*Winnie
1. Geographic Nature as a Basis for Cultural Development .. 16

2.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Chinese Marriage Customs ............................................................................. 21

3.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Habits, Ways of Contacting .......................................................................... 28

4.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Marriage-Accompanying Songs in Hunan ......................................... 37

5.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Crying Marriage of Tujia ................................................................................... 46

6.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China ...................................... 60 (Cheng Linjia/Jason)

7.
Animals: Panda .................................................................. 68

8.
Architecture ....................................................................... 75

9.
Architecture: The Forbidden City .................................... 84

10.
Architecture: Four Famous Bridges ................................... 97

11.
Architecture: Four Great Pavilions .................................. 107

12.
Architecture: Shengjing Imperial Palace .......................... 118

13.
Architecture: Three Great Towers in China ..................... 125

14.
Architecture: Fengshui in Chinese Architecture .............. 138

15.
Army and weapons: Chinese Ancient Weapons ............... 147

16.
Army and weapons: Terracotta Army .............................. 155

17.
Astrology: Chinese Astrology .......................................... 162

18.
Astrology: Calendar, The 24 Solar Terms ........................ 169

19.
Astrology: Twelve Animals of the Chinese Zodiac .......... 178

20.
Beverages: Milk Tea ........................................................ 186 (Peng Lu/Julia)

21.
Beverages: Tea ................................................................. 193（Yang Fan/Shawn）

22.
Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China ............ 198（Liu Zhuofan/Drovan）

23.
Body movement performance: Chinese Lion Dancing .. 207

24.
Body movement performance: Stilts ................................ 211
25.
Body movement performance: Traditional Chinese Dance
6
......................................................................................... 217

26.
Chinese Writing: Ancient Writing and Painting Tool, Writing Brush ................................................................................ 223

27.
Chinese Writing: Calligraphy ........................................... 232

28.
Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy ............... 238

29.
Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters ............................... 247

30.
Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts ............ 260

31.
Clothing: Chinese Clothing .............................................. 267

32.
Clothing: Batik (Lanran) .................................................. 275

33.
Clothing: Cheongsam ....................................................... 285 (Tang Yuewei/ Eavan)

34.
Confucianism: Confucian Culture .................................... 293

35.
Confucianism: Chinese Traditional Culture-Five Constant Virtues .............................................................................. 307

36.
Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Confucius and Confucianism ................................................................... 315

37.
Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Reading The Analects ......................................................................................... 322

38.
Education: Ancient Chinese Education ............................ 332

39.
Education: Historical Figures, The Four Talented Women of Ancient China .................................................................. 343
40.
Education: Modern Chinese Education System ............... 353

41.
Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties .............................. 367（Hannah/Zhou Yicen）

42.
Education: Yuelu Academy (One of the Four Most Prestigious Academies) .................................................... 376

43.
Facial Make-up ................................................................ 386

44.
Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up ......................................................................................... 393 (Li Xiaosu/Jacinda)

45.
Facial Make-up: Face Changing in Sichuan Opera .......... 409

46.
Fine Arts: Painting ........................................................... 418

47.
Fine Arts: Bada Shanren and Qi Baishi ............................ 423

48.
Fine Arts: Painting Riverside Scene at Tomb Sweeping Day ......................................................................................... 429

49.
Fine Arts: Seal-cutting ..................................................... 436
7

50.
Games: Go 围棋 ........................................................... 439 (Peng Yixin/ Eason)

51.
Games: Kite Flying .......................................................... 445 （Liu Huixuan/ Polly）

52.
Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play ............ 452(Zeng Wenjing/Zoey)

53.
Garden Culture: Gardens ................................................. 480(Jiang Chenmei/Lilian)

54.
Garden Culture: Bonsai (Penjing) .................................. 486

55.
Garden Culture: The Summer Palace ............................... 493(Liu Zhehui/Mary)

56.
Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden 500 (Cai Yingchu/ Rachel)

57.
Gender: Wu Zetian: The Only Female Emperor of Imperial China ................................................................................ 509
(Zhou Ranran/Jerry)
58.
History: Carl and Cixi ...................................................... 521

59.
Interieur: The Folding Screen .......................................... 525

60.
Landscapes and Tourism: Four Buddhist Shrines ............ 534

61.
Landscapes and Tourism: Four State-Level Cultural Relics ......................................................................................... 545

62.
Landscapes and Tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains ........................................................................ 555（Wu Jing/Jennie）

63.
Landscapes and Tourism: Mogao Grottoes ...................... 563

64.
Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai ....... 576

65.
Landscapes and Tourism: Canal Culture：The Grand Canal（The Peking-Hangzhou Grand Canal） ........................ 591

66.
Landscapes and Tourism: The Ancient Tea Horse Road .. 604

67.
Landscapes and Tourism: Tourism, Nanking-An Ancient Capital of Six Dynasties ................................................... 610

68.
Language: Chinese Language .......................................... 616

69.
Language: Chinese Dialects ............................................. 626 (Long Jiayu/Tara) (present first on Oct 10, Session 5)

70.
Language: Chinese Folk Argot ......................................... 635

71.
Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Classical Fairy Tales ......................................................................................... 646

72.
Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Mythology ......... 653

73.
Literature: Ancient literature - Classical Literature .......... 664

74.
Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China ................................................................... 671

75.
Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient
8
China
................................................................................ 680

76.
Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China ............................ 689

77.
Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas .................................................................................. 711

78.
Literature: Ancient literature: Yuefu................................. 727

79.
Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels .................................................................................. 734

80.
Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations ............... 741

81.
Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio ................................................................. 747

82.
Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song.................... 755

83.
Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty ..................................... 783

84.
Literature: Modern Literature .......................................... 792

85.
Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) ....................................................................... 800

86.
Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy ............................................ 807

87.
Literature: Contemporary Literature ................................ 818(Chen Guangzi/Alan)

88.
Martial Arts: Huo Yuanjia ................................................ 823

89.
Martial Arts: Qigong ........................................................ 826

Martial Arts: Taiji (Tai Chi) Shadow Boxing ................... 831

91.
Martial Arts: Wushu ......................................................... 842

92.
Martial Arts: Frolics of the Five Animals (Wuqinxi) ....... 847

93.
Medicine: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) ............. 857

94.
Medicine: TCM - Acupuncture and Moxibustion ............ 863

95.
Medicine: TCM - Diagnosis and Pharmacology .............. 868

96.
Medicine: TCM - The Development of Chinese Medicine ......................................................................................... 873

97.
Medicine: TCM – The Chinese Medical Sage Zhang Zhongjing ......................................................................... 880

98.
Minority cultures: Lisu People and Daogan Festival of Lisu Ethnic Minority
................................................................ 889

99.
Minority cultures: The Ethnic Minorities’ Costumes ....... 896(Zeng Man/Emily)

100.
Money culture: Currency, Jiaozi (A Paper Currency in Northern Song Dynasty) .................................................. 907

101.
Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money ....................................................................... 917（Chen Pingan/Grace）

102.
Music and instruments: Guzheng ..................................... 928 (Liu Zeyu/Yew)

103.
Music and instruments: Pipa ............................................ 939

104.
Mythology: Gods and Immortals ..................................... 949(Wang Yue/Nora)
(present in the end on Sep 26, Session 4)
105.
Mythology: Huli-jing ....................................................... 958(Ma Ruiqing/Raymond)

106.
National Symbols: National Anthem ............................... 969

107.
National Symbols: National Flag ..................................... 976

108.
Opera: Peking Opera ........................................................ 984

109.
Opera: Peking Opera Acrobatics ...................................... 992

110.
Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang ........................ 999

111.
Opera: Tea-picking Opera .............................................. 1004（Chen Kuanshun/Jason）

112.
Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) ........ 1012

113.
Philosophical Schools: Four Main Philosophical Schools ....................................................................................... 1023

114.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy – Daoism ...................................... 1032

115.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading Tao Te Ching ............... 1037

116.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Sutra of Hui-neng . 1043

117.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Importance of Living ....................................................................................... 1049

118.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Legalism ....................................................................... 1060

119.
Philosophy: Chinese Traditional Cultivation Culture .... 1070

120.
Religion: Traditional Chinese Funeral Culture .............. 1082

121.
Religion: Buddhism ....................................................... 1096

122.
Religion: Daoism ........................................................... 1110

123.
Religion: Christianity ..................................................... 1115

124.
Religion: Islam ............................................................... 1121

125.
Science and Technology: Ancient Science and Technology ....................................................................................... 1125

126.
Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions 1130 (Wang Xudong/Hue)

127.
Science and Technology: Compass ................................ 1154

128.
Science and Technology: TikTok (Douyin) .................... 1162

129.
Science and Technology: Three Giant Home Appliance Enterprises In China ..................................................... 1171

130.
Science and Technology: Four Domestic Mobile Phone Companies ..................................................................... 1191

131.
Silk and porcelain: Silk .................................................. 1206

132.
Silk and porcelain: Porcelain ......................................... 1211

133.
Silk and porcelain: Celadon and Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 ............................................................................... 1217

134.
Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zhang Qian and the Silk Road ....................................................................................... 1224

135.
Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He and the Maritime Silk Road ....................................................................... 1229

136.
Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He's Voyages .... 1233

137.
Social: The Long-life Lock ............................................ 1241 （Shu Lin/Shirleen）

138.
Social: Round Table Culture .......................................... 1249（Yu Yi/Memo)

139.
Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 ............................. 1257(Lv Di/Ludy)

140.
Stage entertainment: Shadow Play ................................. 1264

141.
Traditional Crafts: Carving ............................................ 1272

142.
Traditional Crafts: Chinese Jade Culture ....................... 1280Zhang Yange(Mia)

143.
Traditional Crafts: Cloisonne ......................................... 1294

144.
Traditional Crafts: Embroidery ...................................... 1298

145.
Traditional Crafts: Shu Embroidery (Sichuan Embroidery) ....................................................................................... 1302

146.
Traditional Crafts: Xiang Embroidery ........................... 1315

147.
Traditional Crafts: Folk Art - Chinese Paper-cutting ..... 1329

148.
Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Chinese Knots ............... 1336(Chen Zilan/Landy)

149.
Traditional Crafts: Lacquerware .................................... 1344

150.
Traditional Crafts: The Kingfisher Craft点翠 ............... 1349

151.
Traditional Cuisine: Chinese Dining Etiquette ............... 1362

152.
Traditional Cuisine: Chopsticks ..................................... 1376(Peng Yingying/Becca)

153.
Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China ...... 1381 (Tang Xinyu/Eric)

154.
Traditional Cuisine: Four Distinct Regional Cuisines .... 1398(Peng Jiayi/Eva)

155.
Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan .......... 1404 Chen Shanshan /Rebecca

156.
Traditional Cuisine: Tanghulu, Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick .................................................................. 1414(Chen Mengzhu/Chris)

157.
Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot ............................................ 1423（Xiao Yixuan/Yuki)

158.
Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking .......... 1430(Liu Zhouli/ lovia)

159.
Traditional Cuisine: Two Famous Dishes ...................... 1436

160.
Traditional Festivals ....................................................... 1440

161.
Traditional Festivals: Lattice on Ancient Chinese Windows ....................................................................................... 1447

162.
Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets ............. 1459

163.
Westernization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning ....................................................................................... 1465

164.
Westernization: The Westernization Movement ............. 1471

165.
Worship: Chinese Incense Culture ................................. 1479(Tang Xinyan/Estrella)

166.
Economy: Chinese Currency Changes ........................... 1489

167.
History: Wang Shouren .................................................. 1493

168.
Martial Arts: Chinese Swordsman Spirit ........................ 1502(Zhang Rui)

169.
Cuisine: Luosifen ........................................................... 1513(Wang Xuan/Cynthia)

170.
Fine Arts: Chinese Paper Cutting ................................... 1521

171.
Science and Technology: Taobao(淘宝) ...................... 1531（Li Songlin/Solin)

172.
Traditional Craft: Bronze ............................................... 1541

173.
Entertainment: Deyunshe 德云社 ................................. 1548

174.
Traditional Cuisine: Jiaozi ............................................. 1561 (Liu Yi/Zer)

175.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: the Photo Retouching Culture in China ............................................................. 1572

176.
Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Oil-paper Umbrella ....... 1581（Wang Yan/Doris）

177.
stage entertainment:Yuan drama .................................... 1592

178.
Music and instruments: Erhu ......................................... 1601

179.
Traditional and Modern Views on Marriage and Love .. 1608(Zhao Siyao/Caroline)

180.
Traditional Cuisine: Tangyuan ....................................... 1615 (Su Yi/Suri)

181.
Animals：Golden Monkey ............................................ 1625

182.
Chinese Economy: rich businessmen ............................. 1631

183.
Opera: Chinese Local Operas ........................................ 1639

184.
The Chinese tradition of ancestor worship ..................... 1651(Shi Zhanning/Harper)

185.
Opera: Huangmei opera ................................................. 1663

186.
The “reference” of Chinese Music........................... 1670(Huang Zechen/Zachary)

187.
Chinese Folk Art:Lion Dance ........................................ 1676

188.
Science and Technology: Mobile Games（手游） ....... 1691 (Liu Peinan/Peter)

189.
Clothing: Vintage Clothing ............................................ 1697(Hu Shanshan/Maddy)

190.
Fine arts:Kunqu Opera ................................................... 1704

191.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Culture of Flowers ....................................................................................... 1712（Chen Weiping/Jackie）

192.
National Belief: the Chinese Dream .............................. 1722

193.
Science and Technology: Buytogether（PDD) ............ 1729（Wang Yujiao/Wendy）

194.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs：Marriage and Burial Customs of Tujia People ................................................ 1748(Jiao Mengting/Sherry)

195.
Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Guangdong传统美食：广东早餐文化 ....................................................... 1753（Wu Ziyi/Andrew）

196.
Telecast: Become a Farmer 种地吧 .............................. 1765（Sha Lijia/Reika）

197.
Animals: Chinese Rural Dogs 动物：中华田园犬 ...... 1773 (Zhao Jing/Winnie)

198.
Clothing: Hanfu 汉服：揭示中国传统服饰之美 ........ 1781（Guo Zibin/Anne）

199.
Music and instruments: Chime 音乐与乐器：编钟 ..... 1788

200.
Garden Culture: Suzhou Gardens 苏州园林 ................. 1795(Liang Dan/Anne)

201.
Traditional crafts: Moon-shaped Fans 传统技艺：团扇 1806(Le Yuxuan/Lydia)

202.
Minority cultures: Miao Silver Ornaments Culture 苗族银饰文化 ................................................................... 1827(Yang Hanxu/Hansu)

203.
Mysterious culture: Facial Physiognomy 相面术 ......... 1836(Zhou Xiaoqiao）
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204.
Games: Chinese Chess 游戏：象棋 ............................. 1847(Zhou Xukai/Kyrie)

205.
Music and instruments: Guqin 古琴 ............................. 1863

206.
Music and instruments: The Spring Snow 音乐和乐器：《阳春白雪》 ........................................................................... 1878

207.
The "Four Gentlemen": Plum, Orchid Bamboo, Chrysanthemum “四君子”的象征意义 ....................... 1885 （Hu Zheng/ Leven）

208.
Traditional festivals: The Flower Fairy Festival 花朝节 1898 （Gong Tao/Gisele)

209.
Architecture: Shigu Academy 建筑：石鼓书院 .......... 1906

210.
Cuisine: Changde spicy salted duck 酱板鸭传说的由来 1918

211.
Beverages: Sexy Tea 饮品：茶颜悦色 ........................ 1926 (Huang Qi/ Esther)

212.
Opera: Flower-drum Opera 花鼓戏 .............................. 1935(Zhou Jing/ Amy)

213.
Traditional Festivals: Shangsi Festival 上巳节 ............. 1943 （Li Jia/ Zoe）

214.
Ancient Chinese Women's Culture: Ji Sor (Self-combing female) 自梳女 ................................................................. 1949 (Wu Jiaying Cathy)

215.
Cuisine: Dong'an chicken: The Premier Dish of Hunan Cuisine 东安鸡：湘菜之首 ........................................... 1962

216.
Ancient Chinese Women's Culture：Nüshu (Women's Script) 女书 ................................................................................... 1970（He Chuwen/Lyra）

217.
Opera: Shaoxing Opera 越剧 ........................................ 1991

218.
Traditional Crafts: Jade Carving Art 玉雕 .................... 1997

219.
Chinese snack: spicy gluten 中国小吃：辣条 ............. 2003(Jiang Yaping/Sunny)

220.
Social Phenomenon: Marriage: Women Being Urged to Get Married 婚姻：被催婚的女性 ........................................ 2010 Liu XinYu

221.
Chinese mythology: Chinese Dragon Culture 中国龙是什么
....................................................................................... 2019(Zhang Shuai / Andy)

222.
Minority cultures: Laosicheng 老司城 ......................... 2028

223.
The Torch of Unity: Celebrating Torch Festival Among China's Ethnic Minorities 团结的火炬——中国少数民族庆祝火把节
........................................................................... 2041 Xiao Feiyan
224.
Chinese Painting: A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains 《千里江山图》 ............................................ 2048(Yao Yiyun/Olivia）

225.
Festival: Qixi Festival 七夕节 ...................................... 2055（Li Ru/Lee）

226.
Music and instruments: Yuge (Fishing song) 渔歌 ....... 2063

227.
Education: Chicken Child (Fired-up Child) 教育：鸡娃 2071(tao yu/mikansei)

228.
Chinese Science Fiction: The Three-Body Problem 中国科幻小说：《三体》 ............................................................. 2083(Zhang Mengzhe/Nine)

229.
Ganshi in Xiangxi: The Cycle of Life and Death under Ancient Witchcraft 湘西赶尸：古老巫术下的生死轮回 2092 (Liao Wenyao/Rose)

230.
Architecture: Chinese Memorial Archway (Paifang) 中国传统建筑：牌坊 ................................................................... 2098

231.
Chinese Animation 中国动画传统 ............................... 2110（pan yilin/ceci）

232.
Social Phenomenon: Military-style Travel 特种兵式旅游 2121

233.
Folk Art: Youshen Fairs 游神 ....................................... 2131

234.
Nuo Opera 傩戏 ............................................................ 2141

235.
Music and Instruments: Suona Horn 唢呐 .................... 2157（Liu Jieyu/Erica）

236.
Chinese Handicraft: Kesi 中国手工艺品：缂丝 .......... 2166

237.
Sangzhi Folk Songs 桑植民歌 ...................................... 2173

238.
Music and instrument: Ancient Chinese pentatonic scale – Gong, Shang, Jue, Zhi, Yu 五声音阶，汉族古代音律：宫—商—角—徵—羽 ............................................................... 2192 (Han Yaxuan)

239.
Social Phenomenon: Mobile Population 社会现象：流动人口 ....................................................................................... 2204(Hu Zetao/Francis)

240.
Chinese tradition culture: Zanhua 簪花 ........................ 2213 （Xie Ke）

241.
Incense Culture 香道文化 ............................................ 2221 （Zeng Xin）

242.
The Imperial Civil Examination System 科举制度 ...... 2230

243.
Literature: Qu Yuan 文学：屈原 .................................. 2238(Jiang Caiyun/Tony)

244.
Games: pitch-pot game (Touhu) 投壶游戏 ................... 2244(Kuang Jing/Jin)

245.
Folk Art: Piao Se 民间艺术：飘色 .............................. 2253(Huang Mengyan/Mandy)

246.
Jingdezhen Porcelain 景德镇陶瓷 ................................ 2261(Li Dinghao/Leo)

247.
Folk Traditional Customs: Fireworks and Firecrackers 民间传统习俗：烟花和爆竹 ........................................... 2270 (Cao Jialong/caron)

248.
The Literati Painting of the Ming Dynasty: The Wu School 明代文人画：吴门画派 ................................................... 2278

249.
Thangka 唐卡 ............................................................... 2285（Yang Lingyue/Judy）

250.
Striking iron flower 打铁花 .......................................... 2294 (Fu Xinke/Finger)

251.
Chinese Cuisine: Xiang Cuisine – One of the Eight Major Cuisines 湘菜 ................................................................... 23029（Liu Li/Glen）

252.
The Evolution of the Official Selection System 仕进制度 2312（Xia Rong/Sharon)

=Here you can suggest your topic for your final exam paper=
Deadline: Sep 15, 2024

1. Sports: Cuju 蹴鞠………(Liu Yi/Zer)

2. Science and Technology: Chinese Electrical Vehicles (Cheng Linjia/Jason)

3. Chinese tradition culture: Ronghua—Velvet Flowers 绒花………(Xiao Feiyan)

4. Stage entertainment: northeast Errenzhuan (二人转).........(Wu Jiaying/Cathy)

5. Animals: Chinese Cats 动物：中国猫 ...... (Zhao Jing/winnie)

6. Nanchang Relic Museum for Haihun Principality of Han Dynasty (Yao Yiyun)

7. Grass cloth 夏布（Yu Yi/Memo）

8. The Legend of Zhen Huan 《甄嬛传》(Yang Lingyue/ Judy)

9.Chinese horror movies 中式恐怖片......(Zhou Xiaoqiao/ Summer)

10. Stand-up comedy 单口喜剧......(Huang Zechen/ Zachary)

11.Chinese tradition culture: birde-price（彩礼）……（Wang Yujiao/Wendy）

12. Chinese science fiction movies 中国科幻片......（Liu Peinan/Peter）

13.Xiang Embroidery湘绣······（Liu Zhehui/Mary

14.Chinese traditional jewellery: Buyao(dangling ornament worn by women) （步摇）……（Shu Lin/Shirleen）

15. Tofu meatball with pig blood (猪血丸子) （Su Yi/Suri）

16. Sunzi’s Art of War: Source for All Books on War (孙子兵法) …… (Li Jia/Zoe)

17. The Temple of Heaven：Reverence with Awe and Gratitude（天坛）……（Li Ru/ Lee）

18. Education：training Schools （教育：补习班）……（Jiang Caiyun/Tony）

19. Chinese Dreamcore (中式梦核) ……（Tao Yu/Mikansei）

20.Chinese mortise and tenon craftsmanship（中国榫卯工艺）……（Xiao Yixuan/Yuki）
=Session 1 Thursday Sep 5, 2024 19:00-21:35=
Please download the powerpoint presentation of the teacher here: [[Media:01_Chin_Lang_Cult_2024.pptx]].

=Session 2 Thursday Sep 12, 2024 19:00-21:35=
During the three hours today, the students are presenting the following 6 topics:

6.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China ...................................... 60 (Cheng Linjia/Jason) [[Media:Handsome_Men_2024.pptx]]

20.
Beverages: Milk Tea ........................................................ 186 (Peng Lu/Julia) [[Media:Milk_Tea_2024.pptx]]

21.
Beverages: Tea ................................................................. 193（Yang Fan/Shawn）[[Media:Tea_2024_fall.pptx]] (Please compare with old presentation from Spring 2024: [[Media:Tea_2024.pptx]].)

22.
Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China ............ 198（Liu Zhuofan/Drovan）[[Media:Liquor_2024.pptx]]

33.
Clothing: Cheongsam ....................................................... 285 (Tang Yuewei/ Eavan) [[Media:Cheongsam_fall_2024.pptx]] (Please compare with old presentation from Spring 2024: [[Media:Cheongsam_2024.pptx]].)

41.
Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties .............................. 367（Hannah/Zhou Yicen）[[Media:Official_Selection_System_2024.pptx]]

=Session 3 Thursday Sep 19, 2024 19:00-21:35=

All students: Please prepare these three texts in the textbook for today.

During the three hours today, the students are presenting the following 6 topics:

44. Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up, p. 393 (Li Xiaosu/Jacinda) [[Media:Cosmetics_2024.pptx]]

50. Games: Go 围棋, p. 439 (Peng Yixin/ Eason) [[Media:Go_2024.pptx]]

51. Games: Kite Flying p. 445 （Liu Huixuan/ Polly）[[Media:Kite_2024.pptx]]

52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play, p. 452(Zeng Wenjing/Zoey)[[Media:Mahjong_2024.pptx]]

53. Garden Culture: Gardens, p. 480(Jiang Chenmei/Lilian) [[Media:Gardens_2024.pptx]]

55. Garden culture: the Summer Palace, p. 493(Liu Zhehui/Mary) [[Media:Summer_Palace_2024.pptx]]

Homework:

1. Please read the six texts for next time in the textbook.

2. Please add your final exam paper topic and your name in the respective section above.

3. Take the surveys (EU: https://wn8ae3qwafbc11zv.mikecrm.com/9gdWrQT, 2024: https://wn8ae3qwafbc11zv.mikecrm.com/CTrdOjm).

Chinese Language and Culture 2024

2024-09-09T05:38:53Z

Xiao Yixuan:

Chinese Language and Culture 2024

2024-09-09T05:38:00Z

Xiao Yixuan:

Chinese Language and Culture 2024

2024-09-05T11:23:57Z

Xiao Yixuan: