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Text Comp 2024

2024-02-28T14:36:41Z

You Tianwei: /* 原文的段落 Passages from the original */

Welcome to our course website [[Text_Comp_2024]]!

=Session 1: Organizational issues THU Feb 29, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
THU (8:00-9:30 s. 413) 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR 文章写作 Praktyczna nauka języka chińskiego – kompozycja tekstu Text Comp 2024 29.2.-6.6.2024 (S1 29.2., S2 7.3., S3 14.3., S4 21.3., S5 28.3., S6 4.4., S7 11.4., S8 18.4., S9 25.4., S10 2.5., S11 9.5., S12 16.5., S13 23.5., S14 30.5., S15 6.6.)
==What we learn in this class==
*We learn about Chinese text sorts and appropriate writing styles.
*We learn how to translate Chinese text sorts from Chinese into English.
*We learn how to write Chinese texts according to the specific traditions of text sorts.

==Schedule and Topics==

==Session 1: Text sorts and writing styles==
Please have a look at the following blog: https://www.cnblogs.com/bxf0011/p/16178226.html

Chinese text sorts in China are sorted to a specific hierarchical system as follows:

===三大文体 The Three Styles of Writing===
====记叙文 Narrative writing====

记叙文重在以情动人；Narrative essays focus on moving people with emotion;

====说明文 Expository writing====
说明文重在以事明人；Explanatory essays focus on the facts;

====议论文 Argumentative essay====
议论文重在以理服人 The argumentative essay focuses on convincing people with reasoning

===四大体裁 The four major genres===
====诗歌 Poetry====
====散文 Prose====
====小说 Fiction====
====戏曲 Opera====
===五大表达方式 Five major modes of expression===
====记叙 Narrative====
====描写 Description====
====抒情 Lyric/Expression of Emotions====
====说明 Explanation====
====议论 Discussion====

Here is the introduction to the different text sorts, writing styles, genres etc.:

描写与记叙的区别是什么？形象、生动的描写，清楚、具体的叙述。

1、应用对象的不同。叙述的作用，一般用于对人物身世、地位、经历等的介绍，对事物的发生、发展、变化的经过的交待。描写主要用于对美的风景、人物的形象、人物的内心世界以及人物的语言、动作和物体的状态等方面进行刻画、描摹。

2、形象感不同。描写，是对人和事物的描摹，重视原来的模样、状态、情景，常常要绘声绘色，给人以身临其境的感觉，形象感强。叙述只是交待人和事物的经历，缺乏描写所表现出来的那种形象感。

文体分为文章体裁和文学体裁。文章体裁包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文。文学体裁包括诗歌、小说、戏剧、散文。”

1、记叙文：以记叙为主要表达方式的记人、叙事、写景、状物的文体。

它具备六要素：时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果。

记叙文的样式有消息、通讯（主要包括人物通讯和事件通讯）、游记、人物特写、回忆录等。

例如，夏浩然、樊云芳的《“飞天”凌空》是一篇新闻特写，细致描绘了吕伟在10米跳台跳水比赛中夺冠的精彩场面，把连贯的跳水动作分解为起跳、腾空、入水3个步骤，热情赞美吕伟的精彩表现，表现了强烈的民族自豪感和爱国热情。

2、说明文：以说明为主要表达方式，介绍事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、功能或阐释事理的含义、特点、来源、演变、原理等的文体。

它包括广告、说明书、提要、规则、章程、解说词和科学小品等。

按照说明对象来分，说明文可以分为事物说明文和事理说明文。

按照语言风格来分，说明文可以分为平实性说明文和生动性说明文。

例如，茅以升的《中国石拱桥》是一篇平实性事物说明文，介绍了中国石拱桥历史悠久、造型优美、结构坚固、形式多样等特点，赞美了我国劳动人民的勤劳和智慧。

3、议论文：以议论为主要表达方式，分析、评论某个问题或某个事件，表明观点、立场、态度或看法的文体。

议论文的论证方法主要有举例论证、引用论证、对比论证和比喻论证等。

例如，利哈乔夫的《论教养》这篇议论文提出“教养首先体现在家里”的观点，列举了6种“无教养”的例子和“有教养”的表现，指出优雅风度是有教养的重要表现，引导人们努力做有教养的人。

4、应用文：一般指各级国家机关、企事业单位、社会团体以及个人处理公私事务、传播信息、表达意愿等所应用的具有一定格式的文体的总称。

应用文种类繁多，格式一般包括称呼、问候语、正文、祝颂语、署名和日期。

例如，雨果的《就英法联军远征中国致巴特勒上尉的信》热情赞扬圆明园是世界奇迹，谴责英法联军的强盗行为，体现了雨果的人道主义精神；开头顶格写称谓“先生”，正文先交代写信缘由，后表明自己的看法，结尾有署名和日期。

5、诗歌：用高度凝练的语言，生动形象地表达作者的思想感情，集中反映社会生活并具有一定节奏和韵律的文学体裁。

按照时间先后，可以分为古诗和现代诗。

古诗按照音律，可以分为不讲对仗，押韵较自由的古体诗和在字数、句数、平仄、用韵等方面都有严格规定的近体诗（绝句和律诗）。

按照表达方式，可以分为叙事诗、抒情诗和哲理诗等。

例如，刘禹锡的《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》这首律诗抒发了诗人刘禹锡的复杂感情：既有对自身长期被贬谪流放的心酸、愤懑，也有对世事变迁的慨叹，还有百折不挠、积极进取的乐观精神。

6、小说：以刻画人物形象为中心，通过完整的故事情节和环境描写来反映社会生活的文学体裁。

按照篇幅及容量，可以分为长篇小说、中篇小说、短篇小说和微型小说(小小说)。

按照表现内容，可以分为神话、仙侠、武侠、科幻、公案、言情、官场、悬疑小说等。

按照体制，可以分为章回体小说、日记体小说、书信体小说、自传体小说。

按照语言形式，可以分为文言小说和白话小说。

例如，鲁迅的《故乡》这篇小说着重刻画了闰土和杨二嫂两个人物形象，运用对比手法，反映了辛亥革命前后农村破产的现实，表达了鲁迅对改造旧社会、创造新生活的强烈愿望。

7、散文：抒发作者真情实感、写作方式灵活的记叙类文学体裁。

广义上的散文是指在中国古代文学中，与韵文、骈文相对，不追求押韵和句式工整的文章。

狭义上的散文是指在中国现代文学中，与诗歌、小说、戏剧并行的一种文学体裁。

按照表达方式，可以分为叙事散文、抒情散文、哲理散文等。

例如，朱自清的《背影》通过回忆往事，描绘了父亲的背影，表现了父亲对儿子的关爱和儿子对父亲的怀念。

8、戏剧：文学上的戏剧概念是指为戏剧表演所创作的脚本，即剧本。

戏剧语言包括人物语言和舞台说明。

例如，孙鸿的话剧小品《枣儿》运用象征手法，围绕“枣儿”展开情节，反映了社会变迁，表现了深切的父子亲情。

记叙是写作中最基本、最常见的一种表达方式，它是作者对人物的经历和事件的发展变化过程以及场景、空间的转换所作的叙说和交代，在写事文章中应用较为广泛，作用也比较多。

描写是把描写对象的状貌、情态描绘出来(包括心理描写、语言描写、动作描写、神态描写、外貌描写、细节描写、环境描写等），再现给读者的一种表达方式。用生动形象的语言把人物的形态、动作或景物的状态等具体特征描绘出来。一般分为人物描写或景物描写。它是记叙文，特别是文学创作中的主要表达方式之一。在一般的抒情、议论、说明文中，有时也把它作为一种辅助手段。描写的手法运用得好，能逼真传神、生动形象，使读者如见其人、如闻其声、如临其境，从中受到强烈的艺术感染。

抒情就是抒发和表现作者的感情。具体指以形式化的话语组织，象征性地表现个人内心情感的一类文学活动，它与叙事相对，具有主观性、个性化和诗意化等特征。作为一种特殊的文学反映方式，抒情主要反映社会生活的精神方面，并通过在意识中对现实的审美改造，达到心灵的自由。抒情是个性与社会性的辩证统一，也是情感释放与情感构造、审美创造的辩证统一。它是抒情文体中的主要表达方式，在一般的文学作品和记叙文中，也常常把它作为重要的辅助表达手段。

议论就是作者对某个议论对象发表见解，以表明自己的观点和态度。通过讲事实、说道理等方法对人物或事情发表自己的观点、看法，通常带有较强的主观色彩.它的作用在于使文章鲜明、深刻，具有较强的哲理性和理论深度。在议论文中，它是主要表达方式；在一般记叙文、说明文或文学作品中，也常被当作辅助表达手段。

说明是用简明扼要的文字，把事物的形状、性质、特征、成因、关系、功用等解说清楚的表达方式。这种被解说的对象，有的是实体的事物，如山川、江河、植物、文具、建筑、器物等；有的是抽象的道理，如思想、意识、修养、观点、概念、原理、技术等。

==Homework until Session 2==
Please make a Chinese translation of the text of the topic you selected for presentation including questions at the end of the textbook text. When you select a topic, please coordinate with your class representative that no other students selects the same topic.

==Preparatory homework for every session==
Please prepare the topics of the following session by reading the respective texts in the textbook and by answering the respective questions.

==Final paper after Session 15==
Please think of a new topic of a phenomenon of traditional or modern Chinese culture. Please use the same format as the other topics in the textbook, including text, terms, references, questions. Whenever you indicate a reference, please also mention the page number. When you select another topic, please coordinate with your class representative that no other students selects the same topic and confirm with the instructor that the topic is appropriate.

=Session 2 THU Feb 29, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR: 童话故事 Fairy tales - Translation Exercise in Class=
Please sort this text sort into the hierarchy we have introduced. Does it fit in more than one category?

Background information for the fairy tale

小红帽是德国童话作家格林的童话《小红帽》中的人物。 “小红帽”的故事版本多达一百多个，小红帽最早的结局是被邪恶的野狼吞噬。后来，在格林兄弟笔下，勇敢的猎人杀死大野狼，救出了小红帽。在最近的版本中，又成了小红帽用剪刀剪破大野狼的肚皮，自己拯救了自己。

Please translate the following content summary (not original fairy tale text) from Chinese into English and answer the questions beneath:

在一个乡下，有一个小女孩时常穿著她奶奶在生日时送她的一顶小红帽，这顶小红帽戴在她头上再合适不过了，于是大家就都喊她“小红帽”。也没有人知道她的真实名字。有一天，妈妈让她把糕饼等一些食物送给住在另一个村庄生病的奶奶。于是小红帽从家里出发了。去奶奶家的路需要穿过森林。森林里有一只大野狼，想把小红帽给吃了，却又不敢在光天化日下直接这么做。他便先上前和小红帽搭话，并得知了小红帽将要去的地方。大野狼于是想出一个计谋，提议小红帽摘些花朵。小红帽听信大野狼的话，在树林里编花束。大野狼这时先赶到了小红帽奶奶家并把奶奶给吃了。狡猾的大野狼穿上了奶奶的衣服躺在床上。当小红帽来时没有认出大野狼，也被她吞了下去。

意大利版本：

小红帽在没有得到其他人帮助的情况下，凭著自己的智慧逃出了大灰狼的魔爪。

后来的版本：

又更改成一位伐木工人来救她

格林童话的版本：

一位猎人路过，把二人从狼肚里面救了出来。不过也有跟七只小羊一样的情节，猎人把小红帽和奶奶救出之后，把许多大石头放进大野狼的肚子里后，用针线缝起来。最后大野狼醒来后口渴想喝水，跑到水井那里，结果因为肚子里的石头太重，它一不小心跌进了水井被淹死。

后来，又出现了小红帽去奶奶家途中再一次遇上大野狼，最后小红帽用奶奶刚煮过香肠的热水把大野狼烫死的版本。

==原文的段落 Passages from the original==

https://www.sohu.com/a/300482299_254119#:~:text=%E5%B0%8F%E7%BA%A2%E5%B8%BD%E6%98%AF%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%A5%E8%AF%9D%E4%BD%9C%E5%AE%B6,%E8%82%9A%E7%9A%AE%EF%BC%8C%E8%87%AA%E5%B7%B1%E6%8B%AF%E6%95%91%E4%BA%86%E8%87%AA%E5%B7%B1%E3%80%82

经典版故事简介

从前有个人见人爱的小姑娘，喜欢戴着外婆送给她的一顶红色天鹅绒的帽子，于是大家就叫她小红帽。有一天，母亲叫她给住在森林的外婆送食物，并嘱咐她不要离开大路，走得太远。小红帽在森林中遇见了狼，她从未见过狼，也不知道狼性凶残，于是把来森林中的目的告诉了狼。狼知道后诱骗小红帽去采野花，自己跑到林中小屋去把小红帽的外婆吃了。并装成外婆，等小红帽来找外婆时，狼一口把她吃掉了。后来一个猎人把小红帽和外婆从狼肚里救了出来。

欧洲流传版本

大灰狼等小红帽在傍晚回家时偷偷跟在她的后面，想趁天黑把她吃掉。可外婆看穿了这家伙的坏心思。她想起屋子前有一个大石头槽子，便对小姑娘说：“小红帽，把桶拿来。我昨天做了一些香肠，提些煮香肠的水去倒进石头槽里。”小红帽提了很多很多水，把那个大石头槽子装得满满的。香肠的气味飘进了狼的鼻孔，它使劲地用鼻子闻呀闻，并且朝下张望着，到最后把脖子伸得太长了，身子开始往下滑。它从屋顶上滑了下来，正好落在大石槽中，淹死了。小红帽高高兴兴地回了家，从此再也没有谁伤害过她。

现代童话人偶剧《小红帽》:

小橙堡版本

当可爱的小红帽遇到美食专家大灰狼，惊险滑稽的故事再次华丽展开。以尝尽天下美食为梦想的大灰狼，练就了一手好厨艺。他善于欺骗和表演，要将森林里的小动物和孩子们都变成自己的美食。轻信了陌生人的小红帽能从危险中逃脱么？敬请小朋友们一起加入这场趣味横生的视觉盛宴，与小红帽一起经历机智、勇敢的成长之路。

名导演打造顶级舞美

本剧由国家一级导演王子斌倾力打造，力求给小朋友们一部高品质儿童剧。本剧集结了多种艺术表现形式，不仅有人偶同台表演，还将现代多媒体技术与传统演出形式相结合，丰富了舞台表现力，呈现了一个惟妙惟肖的童话世界。除了声光电交织的舞台效果，本次舞美道具的精致程度更是超越以往，场景异常绚丽！

精彩纷呈的舞台

大灰狼摇身一变成了一位美食家，一改凶残可怕的形象，活泼逗趣的风格更容易让小朋友接受。同时，剧中还增加了其他的小动物角色，故事内容更加丰富：美食家大灰狼、天真无邪的小红帽、活蹦乱跳的兔子、健步如飞的小马……整个舞台异彩纷呈。演出过程中，处处让孩子与剧情亲密接触，更多惊喜互动尽在现场！

寓教于乐

童话人偶剧《小红帽》将一个略显平淡、短小的童话故事改编得更加丰富生动，通过小红帽的历险旅程，告诉小朋友们：只有充分发挥自己的聪明才智，才能在困难和危险面前临危不惧，勇敢战胜邪恶。小朋友们在观看演出时，仿佛走进小红帽的童话世界，亲身体验了一次关于友情、善良与勇敢的心灵之旅。童话人偶剧《小红帽》让孩子们在接受艺术启蒙的同时，潜移默化地学会人生哲理。

===Why do you think there are different endings?===

===Why does a wolf speak?===

===What moral can we learn from the fairy tale?===

===Are the characters symbols? If yes, what do they symbolize?===
#Little Red Riding Hood
#Grandmother
#Wolf
#Hunter
#...

===Do you know about Fables? Are there overlaps between fables and fairy tales?===

===What personalities/characters do animals stand for in fables/fairy tales?===
#Wolf
#Squirrel
#Mouse
#Cat
#Fox
#Lion
#Bunny
#Dog
#Horse
#Donkey
#Monkey
#Raven
#...

===Why does a wolf speak?===

===What typical expressions are used to signalize that it is a fairy tale?===
“从前，有一个可爱女孩儿……” Once upon a time, there was ...

然后，他们就永远幸福的在一起了。 And they lived happily ever after...

===Terms===
*童话故事
*神话
*预言
*神话

===Translation Tool for Fairy Tales===

There is a useful tool to help you to translate a fairy tale into different languages. For example from Chinese into Polish:

https://www.grimmstories.com/language.php?grimm=026&l=zh&r=pl

==Session 2, end of 1st part: Translate a different fairy tale==
Please go to the website https://www.gushi365.com/, pick a fairy tale, send the title and Chinese text into Teams and translate it into English. Finally send the English translation to Teams too.

==Session 2, 2nd part: Write a fairy tale==
Please write an extremely short fairy tale.

Apply the rules and use the expressions you have learned with the translation exercise.

=Session 3 Chat GPT THU Mar 21, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
The topics and contents of the following sessions will be determined by the selection of the students.
==Topic: Chat GPT - Translation Exercise in Class==
Please create a few short chat gpt texts and compare them. Are there similarities that help you to decide whether or not a text is a Chat GPT text?

Rules for artificial creation: In the prompt, please limit the text to 100 characters in order to create a short text.

Findings through comparison:
*Language very similar through the whole text, each sentence often using some pathetic ("gem", "realm") or illustrative (比喻 corresponds to metaphor, allegory, figure of speech, figurative speech) words ("delve into") and often mention at least two aspects of one thing. To mention two aspects makes a text look more objective, as if you have also considered counter arguments, and more professional.
*Longer texts in ChatGPT are often split into paragraphs explaining single aspects and headed by a subheader. Characteristical for ChatGPT is, that these paragraphs are often equally long although one aspect might be much more important and worth to be elaborated than another aspect.
*

==Topic: Text in the style of a Chat GPT-Text - Text composition==
Counter-intuitively manually write a text that reads like a Chat GPT text.

Apply the rules and use the expressions you have learned with the translation exercise.

C1 Mar 7, C2 Mar 14

==Session 3 ChatGPT 2nd part: Mimick a Chat GPT text=

=Session 4 THU Mar 21, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
C3 Mar 28

Mar 28 - Apr 2: Easter Holiday in Poland
=Session 5 THU Apr 4, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 6 THU Apr 4, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
Apr 4-6 is Qingming holiday in China, the Chinese students make up for the missed classes on Sun (!) Apr 7 and 28.

C4 Apr 11, C5 Apr 18
=Session 7 THU Apr 25, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 8 THU Apr 25, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
May 1-3 are Workers' and Constitution holidays in Poland. (May 8 is sports holiday.)

May 1-5 is an extended May 1st holiday in China, the Chinese students make up for missed classes on Sat May 11.
=Session 9 THU May 9, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 10 THU May 9, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
C6 May 16, C7 May 23, C8 May 30, C9 Jun 6

May 30-31 holiday Corpus Christi in Poland.

June 8-10 is Duanwu holiday in China.
=Session 11 THU Jun 13, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 12 THU Jun 13, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 13 MON Jun 17, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 14 MON Jun 17, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
Mon Jun 17 (Thursday classes), Tue Jun 18 (Friday classes) in Poland.
=Session 15 THU Jun 20, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=

=Final Exam THU Jun 20, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
Exam session: Jun 24-Jul 7. Retake session Sep 1-15.

Jul 20-22 Chinese Studies Conference.

Text Comp 2024

2024-02-28T14:33:53Z

You Tianwei: /* 原文的段落 Passages from the original */

Welcome to our course website [[Text_Comp_2024]]!

=Session 1: Organizational issues THU Feb 29, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
THU (8:00-9:30 s. 413) 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR 文章写作 Praktyczna nauka języka chińskiego – kompozycja tekstu Text Comp 2024 29.2.-6.6.2024 (S1 29.2., S2 7.3., S3 14.3., S4 21.3., S5 28.3., S6 4.4., S7 11.4., S8 18.4., S9 25.4., S10 2.5., S11 9.5., S12 16.5., S13 23.5., S14 30.5., S15 6.6.)
==What we learn in this class==
*We learn about Chinese text sorts and appropriate writing styles.
*We learn how to translate Chinese text sorts from Chinese into English.
*We learn how to write Chinese texts according to the specific traditions of text sorts.

==Schedule and Topics==

==Session 1: Text sorts and writing styles==
Please have a look at the following blog: https://www.cnblogs.com/bxf0011/p/16178226.html

Chinese text sorts in China are sorted to a specific hierarchical system as follows:

===三大文体 The Three Styles of Writing===
====记叙文 Narrative writing====

记叙文重在以情动人；Narrative essays focus on moving people with emotion;

====说明文 Expository writing====
说明文重在以事明人；Explanatory essays focus on the facts;

====议论文 Argumentative essay====
议论文重在以理服人 The argumentative essay focuses on convincing people with reasoning

===四大体裁 The four major genres===
====诗歌 Poetry====
====散文 Prose====
====小说 Fiction====
====戏曲 Opera====
===五大表达方式 Five major modes of expression===
====记叙 Narrative====
====描写 Description====
====抒情 Lyric/Expression of Emotions====
====说明 Explanation====
====议论 Discussion====

Here is the introduction to the different text sorts, writing styles, genres etc.:

描写与记叙的区别是什么？形象、生动的描写，清楚、具体的叙述。

1、应用对象的不同。叙述的作用，一般用于对人物身世、地位、经历等的介绍，对事物的发生、发展、变化的经过的交待。描写主要用于对美的风景、人物的形象、人物的内心世界以及人物的语言、动作和物体的状态等方面进行刻画、描摹。

2、形象感不同。描写，是对人和事物的描摹，重视原来的模样、状态、情景，常常要绘声绘色，给人以身临其境的感觉，形象感强。叙述只是交待人和事物的经历，缺乏描写所表现出来的那种形象感。

文体分为文章体裁和文学体裁。文章体裁包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文。文学体裁包括诗歌、小说、戏剧、散文。”

1、记叙文：以记叙为主要表达方式的记人、叙事、写景、状物的文体。

它具备六要素：时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果。

记叙文的样式有消息、通讯（主要包括人物通讯和事件通讯）、游记、人物特写、回忆录等。

例如，夏浩然、樊云芳的《“飞天”凌空》是一篇新闻特写，细致描绘了吕伟在10米跳台跳水比赛中夺冠的精彩场面，把连贯的跳水动作分解为起跳、腾空、入水3个步骤，热情赞美吕伟的精彩表现，表现了强烈的民族自豪感和爱国热情。

2、说明文：以说明为主要表达方式，介绍事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、功能或阐释事理的含义、特点、来源、演变、原理等的文体。

它包括广告、说明书、提要、规则、章程、解说词和科学小品等。

按照说明对象来分，说明文可以分为事物说明文和事理说明文。

按照语言风格来分，说明文可以分为平实性说明文和生动性说明文。

例如，茅以升的《中国石拱桥》是一篇平实性事物说明文，介绍了中国石拱桥历史悠久、造型优美、结构坚固、形式多样等特点，赞美了我国劳动人民的勤劳和智慧。

3、议论文：以议论为主要表达方式，分析、评论某个问题或某个事件，表明观点、立场、态度或看法的文体。

议论文的论证方法主要有举例论证、引用论证、对比论证和比喻论证等。

例如，利哈乔夫的《论教养》这篇议论文提出“教养首先体现在家里”的观点，列举了6种“无教养”的例子和“有教养”的表现，指出优雅风度是有教养的重要表现，引导人们努力做有教养的人。

4、应用文：一般指各级国家机关、企事业单位、社会团体以及个人处理公私事务、传播信息、表达意愿等所应用的具有一定格式的文体的总称。

应用文种类繁多，格式一般包括称呼、问候语、正文、祝颂语、署名和日期。

例如，雨果的《就英法联军远征中国致巴特勒上尉的信》热情赞扬圆明园是世界奇迹，谴责英法联军的强盗行为，体现了雨果的人道主义精神；开头顶格写称谓“先生”，正文先交代写信缘由，后表明自己的看法，结尾有署名和日期。

5、诗歌：用高度凝练的语言，生动形象地表达作者的思想感情，集中反映社会生活并具有一定节奏和韵律的文学体裁。

按照时间先后，可以分为古诗和现代诗。

古诗按照音律，可以分为不讲对仗，押韵较自由的古体诗和在字数、句数、平仄、用韵等方面都有严格规定的近体诗（绝句和律诗）。

按照表达方式，可以分为叙事诗、抒情诗和哲理诗等。

例如，刘禹锡的《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》这首律诗抒发了诗人刘禹锡的复杂感情：既有对自身长期被贬谪流放的心酸、愤懑，也有对世事变迁的慨叹，还有百折不挠、积极进取的乐观精神。

6、小说：以刻画人物形象为中心，通过完整的故事情节和环境描写来反映社会生活的文学体裁。

按照篇幅及容量，可以分为长篇小说、中篇小说、短篇小说和微型小说(小小说)。

按照表现内容，可以分为神话、仙侠、武侠、科幻、公案、言情、官场、悬疑小说等。

按照体制，可以分为章回体小说、日记体小说、书信体小说、自传体小说。

按照语言形式，可以分为文言小说和白话小说。

例如，鲁迅的《故乡》这篇小说着重刻画了闰土和杨二嫂两个人物形象，运用对比手法，反映了辛亥革命前后农村破产的现实，表达了鲁迅对改造旧社会、创造新生活的强烈愿望。

7、散文：抒发作者真情实感、写作方式灵活的记叙类文学体裁。

广义上的散文是指在中国古代文学中，与韵文、骈文相对，不追求押韵和句式工整的文章。

狭义上的散文是指在中国现代文学中，与诗歌、小说、戏剧并行的一种文学体裁。

按照表达方式，可以分为叙事散文、抒情散文、哲理散文等。

例如，朱自清的《背影》通过回忆往事，描绘了父亲的背影，表现了父亲对儿子的关爱和儿子对父亲的怀念。

8、戏剧：文学上的戏剧概念是指为戏剧表演所创作的脚本，即剧本。

戏剧语言包括人物语言和舞台说明。

例如，孙鸿的话剧小品《枣儿》运用象征手法，围绕“枣儿”展开情节，反映了社会变迁，表现了深切的父子亲情。

记叙是写作中最基本、最常见的一种表达方式，它是作者对人物的经历和事件的发展变化过程以及场景、空间的转换所作的叙说和交代，在写事文章中应用较为广泛，作用也比较多。

描写是把描写对象的状貌、情态描绘出来(包括心理描写、语言描写、动作描写、神态描写、外貌描写、细节描写、环境描写等），再现给读者的一种表达方式。用生动形象的语言把人物的形态、动作或景物的状态等具体特征描绘出来。一般分为人物描写或景物描写。它是记叙文，特别是文学创作中的主要表达方式之一。在一般的抒情、议论、说明文中，有时也把它作为一种辅助手段。描写的手法运用得好，能逼真传神、生动形象，使读者如见其人、如闻其声、如临其境，从中受到强烈的艺术感染。

抒情就是抒发和表现作者的感情。具体指以形式化的话语组织，象征性地表现个人内心情感的一类文学活动，它与叙事相对，具有主观性、个性化和诗意化等特征。作为一种特殊的文学反映方式，抒情主要反映社会生活的精神方面，并通过在意识中对现实的审美改造，达到心灵的自由。抒情是个性与社会性的辩证统一，也是情感释放与情感构造、审美创造的辩证统一。它是抒情文体中的主要表达方式，在一般的文学作品和记叙文中，也常常把它作为重要的辅助表达手段。

议论就是作者对某个议论对象发表见解，以表明自己的观点和态度。通过讲事实、说道理等方法对人物或事情发表自己的观点、看法，通常带有较强的主观色彩.它的作用在于使文章鲜明、深刻，具有较强的哲理性和理论深度。在议论文中，它是主要表达方式；在一般记叙文、说明文或文学作品中，也常被当作辅助表达手段。

说明是用简明扼要的文字，把事物的形状、性质、特征、成因、关系、功用等解说清楚的表达方式。这种被解说的对象，有的是实体的事物，如山川、江河、植物、文具、建筑、器物等；有的是抽象的道理，如思想、意识、修养、观点、概念、原理、技术等。

==Homework until Session 2==
Please make a Chinese translation of the text of the topic you selected for presentation including questions at the end of the textbook text. When you select a topic, please coordinate with your class representative that no other students selects the same topic.

==Preparatory homework for every session==
Please prepare the topics of the following session by reading the respective texts in the textbook and by answering the respective questions.

==Final paper after Session 15==
Please think of a new topic of a phenomenon of traditional or modern Chinese culture. Please use the same format as the other topics in the textbook, including text, terms, references, questions. Whenever you indicate a reference, please also mention the page number. When you select another topic, please coordinate with your class representative that no other students selects the same topic and confirm with the instructor that the topic is appropriate.

=Session 2 THU Feb 29, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR: 童话故事 Fairy tales - Translation Exercise in Class=
Please sort this text sort into the hierarchy we have introduced. Does it fit in more than one category?

Background information for the fairy tale

小红帽是德国童话作家格林的童话《小红帽》中的人物。 “小红帽”的故事版本多达一百多个，小红帽最早的结局是被邪恶的野狼吞噬。后来，在格林兄弟笔下，勇敢的猎人杀死大野狼，救出了小红帽。在最近的版本中，又成了小红帽用剪刀剪破大野狼的肚皮，自己拯救了自己。

Please translate the following content summary (not original fairy tale text) from Chinese into English and answer the questions beneath:

在一个乡下，有一个小女孩时常穿著她奶奶在生日时送她的一顶小红帽，这顶小红帽戴在她头上再合适不过了，于是大家就都喊她“小红帽”。也没有人知道她的真实名字。有一天，妈妈让她把糕饼等一些食物送给住在另一个村庄生病的奶奶。于是小红帽从家里出发了。去奶奶家的路需要穿过森林。森林里有一只大野狼，想把小红帽给吃了，却又不敢在光天化日下直接这么做。他便先上前和小红帽搭话，并得知了小红帽将要去的地方。大野狼于是想出一个计谋，提议小红帽摘些花朵。小红帽听信大野狼的话，在树林里编花束。大野狼这时先赶到了小红帽奶奶家并把奶奶给吃了。狡猾的大野狼穿上了奶奶的衣服躺在床上。当小红帽来时没有认出大野狼，也被她吞了下去。

意大利版本：

小红帽在没有得到其他人帮助的情况下，凭著自己的智慧逃出了大灰狼的魔爪。

后来的版本：

又更改成一位伐木工人来救她

格林童话的版本：

一位猎人路过，把二人从狼肚里面救了出来。不过也有跟七只小羊一样的情节，猎人把小红帽和奶奶救出之后，把许多大石头放进大野狼的肚子里后，用针线缝起来。最后大野狼醒来后口渴想喝水，跑到水井那里，结果因为肚子里的石头太重，它一不小心跌进了水井被淹死。

后来，又出现了小红帽去奶奶家途中再一次遇上大野狼，最后小红帽用奶奶刚煮过香肠的热水把大野狼烫死的版本。

==原文的段落 Passages from the original==

https://www.sohu.com/a/300482299_254119#:~:text=%E5%B0%8F%E7%BA%A2%E5%B8%BD%E6%98%AF%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%A5%E8%AF%9D%E4%BD%9C%E5%AE%B6,%E8%82%9A%E7%9A%AE%EF%BC%8C%E8%87%AA%E5%B7%B1%E6%8B%AF%E6%95%91%E4%BA%86%E8%87%AA%E5%B7%B1%E3%80%82

经典版故事简介

从前有个人见人爱的小姑娘，喜欢戴着外婆送给她的一顶红色天鹅绒的帽子，于是大家就叫她小红帽。有一天，母亲叫她给住在森林的外婆送食物，并嘱咐她不要离开大路，走得太远。小红帽在森林中遇见了狼，她从未见过狼，也不知道狼性凶残，于是把来森林中的目的告诉了狼。狼知道后诱骗小红帽去采野花，自己跑到林中小屋去把小红帽的外婆吃了。并装成外婆，等小红帽来找外婆时，狼一口把她吃掉了。后来一个猎人把小红帽和外婆从狼肚里救了出来。

欧洲流传版本

大灰狼等小红帽在傍晚回家时偷偷跟在她的后面，想趁天黑把她吃掉。可外婆看穿了这家伙的坏心思。她想起屋子前有一个大石头槽子，便对小姑娘说：“小红帽，把桶拿来。我昨天做了一些香肠，提些煮香肠的水去倒进石头槽里。”小红帽提了很多很多水，把那个大石头槽子装得满满的。香肠的气味飘进了狼的鼻孔，它使劲地用鼻子闻呀闻，并且朝下张望着，到最后把脖子伸得太长了，身子开始往下滑。它从屋顶上滑了下来，正好落在大石槽中，淹死了。小红帽高高兴兴地回了家，从此再也没有谁伤害过她。

童话人偶剧《小红帽》:
小橙堡版本

当可爱的小红帽遇到美食专家大灰狼，惊险滑稽的故事再次华丽展开。以尝尽天下美食为梦想的大灰狼，练就了一手好厨艺。他善于欺骗和表演，要将森林里的小动物和孩子们都变成自己的美食。轻信了陌生人的小红帽能从危险中逃脱么？敬请小朋友们一起加入这场趣味横生的视觉盛宴，与小红帽一起经历机智、勇敢的成长之路。

名导演打造顶级舞美

本剧由国家一级导演王子斌倾力打造，力求给小朋友们一部高品质儿童剧。本剧集结了多种艺术表现形式，不仅有人偶同台表演，还将现代多媒体技术与传统演出形式相结合，丰富了舞台表现力，呈现了一个惟妙惟肖的童话世界。除了声光电交织的舞台效果，本次舞美道具的精致程度更是超越以往，场景异常绚丽！

精彩纷呈的舞台

大灰狼摇身一变成了一位美食家，一改凶残可怕的形象，活泼逗趣的风格更容易让小朋友接受。同时，剧中还增加了其他的小动物角色，故事内容更加丰富：美食家大灰狼、天真无邪的小红帽、活蹦乱跳的兔子、健步如飞的小马……整个舞台异彩纷呈。演出过程中，处处让孩子与剧情亲密接触，更多惊喜互动尽在现场！

寓教于乐

童话人偶剧《小红帽》将一个略显平淡、短小的童话故事改编得更加丰富生动，通过小红帽的历险旅程，告诉小朋友们：只有充分发挥自己的聪明才智，才能在困难和危险面前临危不惧，勇敢战胜邪恶。小朋友们在观看演出时，仿佛走进小红帽的童话世界，亲身体验了一次关于友情、善良与勇敢的心灵之旅。童话人偶剧《小红帽》让孩子们在接受艺术启蒙的同时，潜移默化地学会人生哲理。

===Why do you think there are different endings?===

===Why does a wolf speak?===

===What moral can we learn from the fairy tale?===

===Are the characters symbols? If yes, what do they symbolize?===
#Little Red Riding Hood
#Grandmother
#Wolf
#Hunter
#...

===Do you know about Fables? Are there overlaps between fables and fairy tales?===

===What personalities/characters do animals stand for in fables/fairy tales?===
#Wolf
#Squirrel
#Mouse
#Cat
#Fox
#Lion
#Bunny
#Dog
#Horse
#Donkey
#Monkey
#Raven
#...

===Why does a wolf speak?===

===What typical expressions are used to signalize that it is a fairy tale?===
“从前，有一个可爱女孩儿……” Once upon a time, there was ...

然后，他们就永远幸福的在一起了。 And they lived happily ever after...

===Terms===
*童话故事
*神话
*预言
*神话

===Translation Tool for Fairy Tales===

There is a useful tool to help you to translate a fairy tale into different languages. For example from Chinese into Polish:

https://www.grimmstories.com/language.php?grimm=026&l=zh&r=pl

==Session 2, end of 1st part: Translate a different fairy tale==
Please go to the website https://www.gushi365.com/, pick a fairy tale, send the title and Chinese text into Teams and translate it into English. Finally send the English translation to Teams too.

==Session 2, 2nd part: Write a fairy tale==
Please write an extremely short fairy tale.

Apply the rules and use the expressions you have learned with the translation exercise.

=Session 2 THU Feb 29, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
The topics and contents of the following sessions will be determined by the selection of the students.
==Topic: Chat GPT - Translation Exercise in Class==
Please create a few short chat gpt texts and compare them. Are there similarities that help you to decide whether or not a text is a Chat GPT text?

Rules for artificial creation: In the prompt, please limit the text to 100 characters in order to create a short text.

Findings through comparison:
*Language very similar through the whole text, each sentence often using some pathetic ("gem", "realm") or illustrative (比喻 corresponds to metaphor, allegory, figure of speech, figurative speech) words ("delve into") and often mention at least two aspects of one thing. To mention two aspects makes a text look more objective, as if you have also considered counter arguments, and more professional.
*Longer texts in ChatGPT are often split into paragraphs explaining single aspects and headed by a subheader. Characteristical for ChatGPT is, that these paragraphs are often equally long although one aspect might be much more important and worth to be elaborated than another aspect.
*

==Topic: Text in the style of a Chat GPT-Text - Text composition==
Counter-intuitively manually write a text that reads like a Chat GPT text.

Apply the rules and use the expressions you have learned with the translation exercise.

C1 Mar 7, C2 Mar 14

=Session 3 THU Mar 21, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 4 THU Mar 21, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
C3 Mar 28

Mar 28 - Apr 2: Easter Holiday in Poland
=Session 5 THU Apr 4, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 6 THU Apr 4, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
Apr 4-6 is Qingming holiday in China, the Chinese students make up for the missed classes on Sun (!) Apr 7 and 28.

C4 Apr 11, C5 Apr 18
=Session 7 THU Apr 25, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 8 THU Apr 25, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
May 1-3 are Workers' and Constitution holidays in Poland. (May 8 is sports holiday.)

May 1-5 is an extended May 1st holiday in China, the Chinese students make up for missed classes on Sat May 11.
=Session 9 THU May 9, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 10 THU May 9, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
C6 May 16, C7 May 23, C8 May 30, C9 Jun 6

May 30-31 holiday Corpus Christi in Poland.

June 8-10 is Duanwu holiday in China.
=Session 11 THU Jun 13, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 12 THU Jun 13, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 13 MON Jun 17, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 14 MON Jun 17, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
Mon Jun 17 (Thursday classes), Tue Jun 18 (Friday classes) in Poland.
=Session 15 THU Jun 20, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=

=Final Exam THU Jun 20, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
Exam session: Jun 24-Jul 7. Retake session Sep 1-15.

Jul 20-22 Chinese Studies Conference.

Text Comp 2024

2024-02-28T14:20:29Z

You Tianwei: /* Topic: 童话故事 Fairy tales - Translation Exercise in Class */

Welcome to our course website [[Text_Comp_2024]]!

=Session 1: Organizational issues THU Feb 29, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
THU (8:00-9:30 s. 413) 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR 文章写作 Praktyczna nauka języka chińskiego – kompozycja tekstu Text Comp 2024 29.2.-6.6.2024 (S1 29.2., S2 7.3., S3 14.3., S4 21.3., S5 28.3., S6 4.4., S7 11.4., S8 18.4., S9 25.4., S10 2.5., S11 9.5., S12 16.5., S13 23.5., S14 30.5., S15 6.6.)
==What we learn in this class==
*We learn about Chinese text sorts and appropriate writing styles.
*We learn how to translate Chinese text sorts from Chinese into English.
*We learn how to write Chinese texts according to the specific traditions of text sorts.

==Schedule and Topics==
Please have a look at the following blog: https://www.cnblogs.com/bxf0011/p/16178226.html

Chinese text sorts in China are sorted to a specific hierarchical system as follows:

===三大文体 The Three Styles of Writing===
====记叙文 Narrative writing====

记叙文重在以情动人；Narrative essays focus on moving people with emotion;

====说明文 Expository writing====
说明文重在以事明人；Explanatory essays focus on the facts;

====议论文 Argumentative essay====
议论文重在以理服人 The argumentative essay focuses on convincing people with reasoning

===四大体裁 The four major genres===
====诗歌 Poetry====
====散文 Prose====
====小说 Fiction====
====戏曲 Opera====
===五大表达方式 Five major modes of expression===
====记叙 Narrative====
====描写 Description====
====抒情 Lyric/Expression of Emotions====
====说明 Explanation====
====议论 Discussion====

Here is the introduction to the different text sorts, writing styles, genres etc.:

描写与记叙的区别是什么？形象、生动的描写，清楚、具体的叙述。

1、应用对象的不同。叙述的作用，一般用于对人物身世、地位、经历等的介绍，对事物的发生、发展、变化的经过的交待。描写主要用于对美的风景、人物的形象、人物的内心世界以及人物的语言、动作和物体的状态等方面进行刻画、描摹。

2、形象感不同。描写，是对人和事物的描摹，重视原来的模样、状态、情景，常常要绘声绘色，给人以身临其境的感觉，形象感强。叙述只是交待人和事物的经历，缺乏描写所表现出来的那种形象感。

文体分为文章体裁和文学体裁。文章体裁包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文。文学体裁包括诗歌、小说、戏剧、散文。”

1、记叙文：以记叙为主要表达方式的记人、叙事、写景、状物的文体。

它具备六要素：时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果。

记叙文的样式有消息、通讯（主要包括人物通讯和事件通讯）、游记、人物特写、回忆录等。

例如，夏浩然、樊云芳的《“飞天”凌空》是一篇新闻特写，细致描绘了吕伟在10米跳台跳水比赛中夺冠的精彩场面，把连贯的跳水动作分解为起跳、腾空、入水3个步骤，热情赞美吕伟的精彩表现，表现了强烈的民族自豪感和爱国热情。

2、说明文：以说明为主要表达方式，介绍事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、功能或阐释事理的含义、特点、来源、演变、原理等的文体。

它包括广告、说明书、提要、规则、章程、解说词和科学小品等。

按照说明对象来分，说明文可以分为事物说明文和事理说明文。

按照语言风格来分，说明文可以分为平实性说明文和生动性说明文。

例如，茅以升的《中国石拱桥》是一篇平实性事物说明文，介绍了中国石拱桥历史悠久、造型优美、结构坚固、形式多样等特点，赞美了我国劳动人民的勤劳和智慧。

3、议论文：以议论为主要表达方式，分析、评论某个问题或某个事件，表明观点、立场、态度或看法的文体。

议论文的论证方法主要有举例论证、引用论证、对比论证和比喻论证等。

例如，利哈乔夫的《论教养》这篇议论文提出“教养首先体现在家里”的观点，列举了6种“无教养”的例子和“有教养”的表现，指出优雅风度是有教养的重要表现，引导人们努力做有教养的人。

4、应用文：一般指各级国家机关、企事业单位、社会团体以及个人处理公私事务、传播信息、表达意愿等所应用的具有一定格式的文体的总称。

应用文种类繁多，格式一般包括称呼、问候语、正文、祝颂语、署名和日期。

例如，雨果的《就英法联军远征中国致巴特勒上尉的信》热情赞扬圆明园是世界奇迹，谴责英法联军的强盗行为，体现了雨果的人道主义精神；开头顶格写称谓“先生”，正文先交代写信缘由，后表明自己的看法，结尾有署名和日期。

5、诗歌：用高度凝练的语言，生动形象地表达作者的思想感情，集中反映社会生活并具有一定节奏和韵律的文学体裁。

按照时间先后，可以分为古诗和现代诗。

古诗按照音律，可以分为不讲对仗，押韵较自由的古体诗和在字数、句数、平仄、用韵等方面都有严格规定的近体诗（绝句和律诗）。

按照表达方式，可以分为叙事诗、抒情诗和哲理诗等。

例如，刘禹锡的《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》这首律诗抒发了诗人刘禹锡的复杂感情：既有对自身长期被贬谪流放的心酸、愤懑，也有对世事变迁的慨叹，还有百折不挠、积极进取的乐观精神。

6、小说：以刻画人物形象为中心，通过完整的故事情节和环境描写来反映社会生活的文学体裁。

按照篇幅及容量，可以分为长篇小说、中篇小说、短篇小说和微型小说(小小说)。

按照表现内容，可以分为神话、仙侠、武侠、科幻、公案、言情、官场、悬疑小说等。

按照体制，可以分为章回体小说、日记体小说、书信体小说、自传体小说。

按照语言形式，可以分为文言小说和白话小说。

例如，鲁迅的《故乡》这篇小说着重刻画了闰土和杨二嫂两个人物形象，运用对比手法，反映了辛亥革命前后农村破产的现实，表达了鲁迅对改造旧社会、创造新生活的强烈愿望。

7、散文：抒发作者真情实感、写作方式灵活的记叙类文学体裁。

广义上的散文是指在中国古代文学中，与韵文、骈文相对，不追求押韵和句式工整的文章。

狭义上的散文是指在中国现代文学中，与诗歌、小说、戏剧并行的一种文学体裁。

按照表达方式，可以分为叙事散文、抒情散文、哲理散文等。

例如，朱自清的《背影》通过回忆往事，描绘了父亲的背影，表现了父亲对儿子的关爱和儿子对父亲的怀念。

8、戏剧：文学上的戏剧概念是指为戏剧表演所创作的脚本，即剧本。

戏剧语言包括人物语言和舞台说明。

例如，孙鸿的话剧小品《枣儿》运用象征手法，围绕“枣儿”展开情节，反映了社会变迁，表现了深切的父子亲情。

记叙是写作中最基本、最常见的一种表达方式，它是作者对人物的经历和事件的发展变化过程以及场景、空间的转换所作的叙说和交代，在写事文章中应用较为广泛，作用也比较多。

描写是把描写对象的状貌、情态描绘出来(包括心理描写、语言描写、动作描写、神态描写、外貌描写、细节描写、环境描写等），再现给读者的一种表达方式。用生动形象的语言把人物的形态、动作或景物的状态等具体特征描绘出来。一般分为人物描写或景物描写。它是记叙文，特别是文学创作中的主要表达方式之一。在一般的抒情、议论、说明文中，有时也把它作为一种辅助手段。描写的手法运用得好，能逼真传神、生动形象，使读者如见其人、如闻其声、如临其境，从中受到强烈的艺术感染。

抒情就是抒发和表现作者的感情。具体指以形式化的话语组织，象征性地表现个人内心情感的一类文学活动，它与叙事相对，具有主观性、个性化和诗意化等特征。作为一种特殊的文学反映方式，抒情主要反映社会生活的精神方面，并通过在意识中对现实的审美改造，达到心灵的自由。抒情是个性与社会性的辩证统一，也是情感释放与情感构造、审美创造的辩证统一。它是抒情文体中的主要表达方式，在一般的文学作品和记叙文中，也常常把它作为重要的辅助表达手段。

议论就是作者对某个议论对象发表见解，以表明自己的观点和态度。通过讲事实、说道理等方法对人物或事情发表自己的观点、看法，通常带有较强的主观色彩.它的作用在于使文章鲜明、深刻，具有较强的哲理性和理论深度。在议论文中，它是主要表达方式；在一般记叙文、说明文或文学作品中，也常被当作辅助表达手段。

说明是用简明扼要的文字，把事物的形状、性质、特征、成因、关系、功用等解说清楚的表达方式。这种被解说的对象，有的是实体的事物，如山川、江河、植物、文具、建筑、器物等；有的是抽象的道理，如思想、意识、修养、观点、概念、原理、技术等。

==Homework until Session 2==
Please make a Chinese translation of the text of the topic you selected for presentation including questions at the end of the textbook text. When you select a topic, please coordinate with your class representative that no other students selects the same topic.

==Preparatory homework for every session==
Please prepare the topics of the following session by reading the respective texts in the textbook and by answering the respective questions.

==Final paper after Session 15==
Please think of a new topic of a phenomenon of traditional or modern Chinese culture. Please use the same format as the other topics in the textbook, including text, terms, references, questions. Whenever you indicate a reference, please also mention the page number. When you select another topic, please coordinate with your class representative that no other students selects the same topic and confirm with the instructor that the topic is appropriate.

==Topic: 童话故事 Fairy tales - Translation Exercise in Class==
Please sort this text sort into the hierarchy we have introduced. Does it fit in more than one category?

Background information for the fairy tale

小红帽是德国童话作家格林的童话《小红帽》中的人物。 “小红帽”的故事版本多达一百多个，小红帽最早的结局是被邪恶的野狼吞噬。后来，在格林兄弟笔下，勇敢的猎人杀死大野狼，救出了小红帽。在最近的版本中，又成了小红帽用剪刀剪破大野狼的肚皮，自己拯救了自己。

Please translate the following content summary (not original fairy tale text) from Chinese into English and answer the questions beneath:

在一个乡下，有一个小女孩时常穿著她奶奶在生日时送她的一顶小红帽，这顶小红帽戴在她头上再合适不过了，于是大家就都喊她“小红帽”。也没有人知道她的真实名字。有一天，妈妈让她把糕饼等一些食物送给住在另一个村庄生病的奶奶。于是小红帽从家里出发了。去奶奶家的路需要穿过森林。森林里有一只大野狼，想把小红帽给吃了，却又不敢在光天化日下直接这么做。他便先上前和小红帽搭话，并得知了小红帽将要去的地方。大野狼于是想出一个计谋，提议小红帽摘些花朵。小红帽听信大野狼的话，在树林里编花束。大野狼这时先赶到了小红帽奶奶家并把奶奶给吃了。狡猾的大野狼穿上了奶奶的衣服躺在床上。当小红帽来时没有认出大野狼，也被她吞了下去。

意大利版本：

小红帽在没有得到其他人帮助的情况下，凭著自己的智慧逃出了大灰狼的魔爪。

后来的版本：

又更改成一位伐木工人来救她

格林童话的版本：

一位猎人路过，把二人从狼肚里面救了出来。不过也有跟七只小羊一样的情节，猎人把小红帽和奶奶救出之后，把许多大石头放进大野狼的肚子里后，用针线缝起来。最后大野狼醒来后口渴想喝水，跑到水井那里，结果因为肚子里的石头太重，它一不小心跌进了水井被淹死。

后来，又出现了小红帽去奶奶家途中再一次遇上大野狼，最后小红帽用奶奶刚煮过香肠的热水把大野狼烫死的版本。

===Why do you think there are different endings?===

===Why does a wolf speak?===

===What moral can we learn from the fairy tale?===

===Are the characters symbols? If yes, what do they symbolize?===
#Little Red Riding Hood
#Grandmother
#Wolf
#Hunter
#...

===Do you know about Fables? Are there overlaps between fables and fairy tales?===

===What personalities/characters do animals stand for in fables/fairy tales?===
#Wolf
#Squirrel
#Mouse
#Cat
#Fox
#Lion
#Bunny
#Dog
#Horse
#Donkey
#Monkey
#Raven
#...

===Why does a wolf speak?===

===What typical expressions are used to signalize that it is a fairy tale?===
“从前，有一个可爱女孩儿……” Once upon a time, there was ...

然后，他们就永远幸福的在一起了。 And they lived happily ever after...

===Terms===
*童话故事
*神话
*预言
*神话

===Links===

https://www.sohu.com/a/300482299_254119#:~:text=%E5%B0%8F%E7%BA%A2%E5%B8%BD%E6%98%AF%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%A5%E8%AF%9D%E4%BD%9C%E5%AE%B6,%E8%82%9A%E7%9A%AE%EF%BC%8C%E8%87%AA%E5%B7%B1%E6%8B%AF%E6%95%91%E4%BA%86%E8%87%AA%E5%B7%B1%E3%80%82

https://www.grimmstories.com/language.php?grimm=026&l=zh&r=pl

==Session 2: Writing a fairy tale==
Please go to the website https://www.gushi365.com/, pick a fairy tale, send the title and Chinese text into Teams and translate it into English. Finally send the English translation to Teams too.

==Topic: Fairy tales - Text composition==
Please write an extremely short fairy tale.

Apply the rules and use the expressions you have learned with the translation exercise.

=Session 2 THU Feb 29, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
The topics and contents of the following sessions will be determined by the selection of the students.
==Topic: Chat GPT - Translation Exercise in Class==
Please create a few short chat gpt texts and compare them. Are there similarities that help you to decide whether or not a text is a Chat GPT text?

Rules for artificial creation: In the prompt, please limit the text to 100 characters in order to create a short text.

Findings through comparison:
*Language very similar through the whole text, each sentence often using some pathetic ("gem", "realm") or illustrative (比喻 corresponds to metaphor, allegory, figure of speech, figurative speech) words ("delve into") and often mention at least two aspects of one thing. To mention two aspects makes a text look more objective, as if you have also considered counter arguments, and more professional.
*Longer texts in ChatGPT are often split into paragraphs explaining single aspects and headed by a subheader. Characteristical for ChatGPT is, that these paragraphs are often equally long although one aspect might be much more important and worth to be elaborated than another aspect.
*

==Topic: Text in the style of a Chat GPT-Text - Text composition==
Counter-intuitively manually write a text that reads like a Chat GPT text.

Apply the rules and use the expressions you have learned with the translation exercise.

C1 Mar 7, C2 Mar 14

=Session 3 THU Mar 21, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 4 THU Mar 21, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
C3 Mar 28

Mar 28 - Apr 2: Easter Holiday in Poland
=Session 5 THU Apr 4, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 6 THU Apr 4, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
Apr 4-6 is Qingming holiday in China, the Chinese students make up for the missed classes on Sun (!) Apr 7 and 28.

C4 Apr 11, C5 Apr 18
=Session 7 THU Apr 25, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 8 THU Apr 25, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
May 1-3 are Workers' and Constitution holidays in Poland. (May 8 is sports holiday.)

May 1-5 is an extended May 1st holiday in China, the Chinese students make up for missed classes on Sat May 11.
=Session 9 THU May 9, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 10 THU May 9, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
C6 May 16, C7 May 23, C8 May 30, C9 Jun 6

May 30-31 holiday Corpus Christi in Poland.

June 8-10 is Duanwu holiday in China.
=Session 11 THU Jun 13, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 12 THU Jun 13, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 13 MON Jun 17, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
=Session 14 MON Jun 17, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
Mon Jun 17 (Thursday classes), Tue Jun 18 (Friday classes) in Poland.
=Session 15 THU Jun 20, 8:00-8:30 s. 413 SIN II MGR=

=Final Exam THU Jun 20, 9:45-11:15 s. 413 SIN II MGR=
Exam session: Jun 24-Jul 7. Retake session Sep 1-15.

Jul 20-22 Chinese Studies Conference.

=Session 1: Organizational issues FRI Mar 1, 8:00-8:30 s. 400=
FRI (8:00-8:30 s. 400) 9:45-11:15 SIN III s. 424 中國文學-詩歌 Język chiński klasyczny – proza lub poezja Chin Poetry 2024 1.3.-7.6.2024 (S1 1.3., S2 8.3., S3 15.3., S4 22.3., S5 29.3., S6 5.4., S7 12.4., S8 19.4., S9 26.4., S10 3.5., S11 10.5., S12 17.5., S13 24.5., S14 31.5., S15 7.6.)
==What we learn in this class==
*We learn about Chinese text sorts and appropriate writing styles.
*We learn how to translate Chinese text sorts from Chinese into English.
*We learn how to write Chinese texts according to the specific traditions of text sorts.

==Textbook==
Please select from the 200 topics of the textbook the one, which you want to present with a powerpoint presentation in class.

==Homework until Session 2==
Please make a Chinese translation of the text of the topic you selected for presentation including questions at the end of the textbook text. When you select a topic, please coordinate with your class representative that no other students selects the same topic.

==Preparatory homework for every session==
Please prepare the topics of the following session by reading the respective texts in the textbook and by answering the respective questions.

==Homework until Session 5==
Please translate another topic you are interested in into English. When you select another topic, please coordinate with your class representative that no other students selects the same topic.

==Homework until Session 10==
Please translate another topic you are interested in into English. When you select another topic, please coordinate with your class representative that no other students selects the same topic.

==Homework until Session 15==
Please translate another topic you are interested in into English. When you select another topic, please coordinate with your class representative that no other students selects the same topic.

==Final paper after Session 15==
Please think of a new topic of a phenomenon of traditional or modern Chinese culture. Please use the same format as the other topics in the textbook, including text, terms, references, questions. Whenever you indicate a reference, please also mention the page number. When you select another topic, please coordinate with your class representative that no other students selects the same topic and confirm with the instructor that the topic is appropriate.

JMCentre

2024-02-05T08:55:23Z

You Tianwei: /* PhD and volunteer student staff work hour documentation */

This is the wiki website for daily work of the JM Centre of Excellence at Hunan Normal University.

This website shortlink: http://bou.de/u/wiki/JMCentre

Our public website: http://jmcentre.eu

=Registration on this website=
Please all participants register for this wiki in order to be able to edit the websites and also to add your information:

https://bou.de/u/wiki/Special:RequestAccount

Please fill in the registration form with your real name as "username" and as "real name". The password for registration and also for editing any website on the wiki is "wikicaptcha".

=PhD and volunteer student staff work hour documentation=

CCX, YTW, LR, DYY, BW

'''Date, time, hours, content of work'''

*CCX’ s working hours
CCX Dec 1 , 16:00-17:00,1 hours , discuss the survey with Pro. Ole on WeChat ,edit the survey questions
CCX Dec 5, 18:15-18:45, 0.5 hours, participation in meeting, report on the status of the survey
CCX Dec 12 19:00-19:30,0.5 hours, participation in meeting
CCX Dec 19, 18:30-19.30, 1 hours, participation in meeting, report on the status of the survey
CCX Dec 20,16:00-17:00,1hours ,reading the papers of ai, find the professor
CCX Jan 9 2024, 18:15-19:00, 0.5hours, participation in meeting, report on the status of the survey
CCX Jan16 ,18:15-19:00,0.5 hours ,participation in meetings, reports on the papers
CCX Jan23 ,18:15-19:00,0.5 hours ,participation in meetings
*YTW‘s working hours
YTW Dec 18, 16:00-17:00, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 24-31;
YTW Dec 23, 21:40-22:50, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 31-49;
YTW Dec 25, 19:35-20:39, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 49-65. fertig.
YTW Jan 6, 21:27-22:38, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, reworked the transcriptions, fertig.
YTW Jan 6-7 23:00-00:13, Goethe, reworked the paper.
YTW Jan 9-10 22.50-00:28, reworked the paper about the translation of 丫鬟（servant or slave？） in “Dream of the Red Chamber”.
YTW Jan 15 20:15-21:55, looking for a book "Kirby: Germany and Republican China", but it seems that there is no E-book online. Finally, maybe YTW's sister could lend the book out from Shanghai Library on weekend...
YTW Jan 24, 2hours, reworked “访谈整理”;
YTW Jan 29, 2hours, Lunyu test;
YTW Feb 4, 30mins, WACS 2024-Invitation (Chinese)

*LR

*DYY

*BW Jan 9, 18:30-19.30, 1 hours, participation in meeting
Jan 16, 18:30-19.30, 1 hours, participation in meeting
Jan 22, 8:30-10:30, 2 hours, conference scholar search and writing formal invitation letter for conference

=Minutes=
==Nov 16, 2023==
Minutes of the Kick-off meeting “EU JM Centre of Excellence for Digitalization of University Teaching” Nov 16, 2023, 10:00-11:30 am, HNU Tenglong Building, room 309
===Protocol: Martin Woesler===
===Participants===
Prof. Woesler, Prof. Jiang Lihua, Prof. Porter, PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, Zhouli Ziruo, Volunteer "Sari" Cai Xixiu.

===Next Meeting===
Friday Nov 24, 2023, 10:00 am room 309. For those who can only attend online: Zoom: http://bit.ly/ZOOMCOURSE

===Your contact people: The project staff===
Project Leader: Prof. Woesler, Project Assistants: PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong. The staff takes on the double task of conducting research (especially systematic literature reviews, surveys, field experiments testing different learning spaces or digital tools) and doing the administration (keeping the overview, watching the timeline, reports on the EU platform, reminding of deadlines, organizing meetings, inviting project members and external experts to joint papers, conferences, anthologies etc.).

===Salaries===
The project started in September and the project staff has already invested some work. So far, the payment of the salaries was not yet agreed to by the accounting office, they wanted more information. Still, there is a lot of work which needs to be done, including website and reports, until December. Therefore, it is important, that the accounting office already pays the monthly salaries to the project staff now in November.

===Budget===
The budget is quite large and except from the salary for the project staff contains several sub posts, like lump sum salary for students, travel reimbursement, equipment, website programming, conference costs etc. Prof. David Porter offered to design and create a EU and a CN website adhering to the respective policies.

===Personnel===
For the 5 Research Groups, the following heads were suggested:

#Regulation (Comparison) Liu Bai
#Experiences (Comparison) Aline
#Effectiveness of digital tools: David Porter, Ole Döring, Yang Zhiming

Explanation: (How to achieve learning outcomes of teaching in presence also with online or technology-enhanced teaching? Quality measurement.)
#Learning Spaces (Comparison): Jiang Lihua
#ChatGPT/PostEdit (Comparison C-EU): Martin Woesler

===Salary for Project Personnel and Project Members===
There is no monthly salary foreseen in the budget for all participants. But everybody who invests time in the project should be reimbursed. Since the publication of papers is the most important in the project, the project offers to reimburse all Professors and PhD candidates, who publish a paper to be reimbursed for 50 hours (each SCI, SSCI or A&HCI impact paper, corresponds to 1000 Euros for professors and 500 Euros for students), 25 hours (each CSSCI impact paper, corresponds to 500 Euros for professors and 250 Euros for students). Non PhD-Students (but Bachelor- or Master students) who participate, e.g. in the many time consuming tasks like literature review, surveys, field experiments, will be reimbursed with a lump sum per month and will be informed about the expected number of hours they are required to work.

===Credits and Acknowledgments===
Hunan Normal University needs to be mentioned as the affiliated university of both, the 1st and 2nd author. Also, the grant acknowledgement and disclaimer need to be printed with the paper, e.g. as a footnote or endnote. All posters, websites etc. need to display the EU Erasmus + co-funding logo.

===Things to do===
#Prof. Jiang: Please invite Prof. Liu Bai and Prof. Yang Zhiming.
#Prof. Jiang: Dean Situ and the Accounting office may contact you to reconfirm that the first money can be paid from the grant amount received.
#Ole: Please invite Prof. Aline Tedeschi
#Everybody: Please start to read the newest research papers on the topic. The library offers and EBSCO access. Ole can instruct student groups to perform different Systematic Literature Reviews. Languages should be at least Chinese and English. Some research questions should be developed through these literature reviews. Please keep in touch in the WeChat group and exchange your findings.

===Things to do for the project staff===
#Finalize report of old project (this part of the work is NOT paid by the new project) both on the EU platform as well as on the website http://jmchair.eu.
#Organize setting up a Website
#Get the frequent payments running with the accounting office in coordination with the College leadership.
#Conduct systematic literature reviews, develop research questions, surveys, field studies, experiments etc. => results on wiki for everybody to use.
#Set up virtual working space on wiki and invite everybody to join. Publish there all findings.
#Invite everybody to the next meeting next Friday 10 am and collect points for the agenda from the participants.

P.S.: After the meeting, Prof. Jiang invited Prof. Woesler to join the current session of her Colloquium into room 410 (13:00-14:15). There he introduced the project again and offered the PhD candidates to join the project, preferrably assisting the head of research group 4, Prof. Jiang Lihua. PhD candidates are encouraged to join because they can make double use of their research for the project/publications and their thesis. Also, the participation in the project will be certified and can be used in the curriculum vitae for job applications.

==Nov 24, 2023==
Minutes of the second weekly meeting “EU JM Centre of Excellence for Digitalization of University Teaching” Nov 24, 2023, 10:00-11:30 am, HNNU Tenglong Building, room 309

===Protocal: Liu Rong, edited: Martin Woesler===

===Participants===
Prof. Woesler, Prof. Porter, Prof. Ma Nake, PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, "Sari" Cai Xixiu.

===Next Meeting===
Scheduled for Tuesday Nov 29, 16:00 and 18:15 Chinese time room 309. For those who can only attend online: Tencent Meeting:https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/bCQdfgGlezZ1

===Budget and Salary===
For student volunteers the budget provides a total of 4,000 Yuan per month over the range of 3 years. Since there is a higher workload before and during conferences, we will have to be able to assign both salaries (e.g. for Cai Cixiu) and short-term contract salaries (e.g. for conferences). The project staff receives regular payments. The request for first payments has been submitted.

===Things to do===
#Sari: Please conduct a MikeCRM survey. Print the research questionnaire by Prof. Doering, and conduct the survey with the students who participated in the painting event. (When conducting the survey, the respondents’ initials with birth date (like WJG1001) can be used to code them, so that the privacy of respondents can be protected and we can compare and analyze developments.)
#Phd students: Please analyze the survey results of the last EU project, and upload the parts of the final report to the EU website (compare the answers of Prof. Woesler’s with the students’ answer and get the percentage both at the beginning and the end of the semester. If there is a progress, this would be a good result for the report.) Also copy documentation to website jmchair.eu.
#Prof. Porter: Thank you for submitting the first samples for a website. They are under review.
#Everybody: Start reading. Prepare systematic literature reviews on the project topic, develop research questions, surveys, field studies, experiments etc. => results on wiki for everybody to use.

===Next Meeting===
Scheduled for Tuesday Nov 29, 16:00 and 18:15 Chinese time room 309. For those who can only attend online: Tencent Meeting:https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/bCQdfgGlezZ1

==Minutes Nov 28, 2023==

===Participants===
David, Aline, Martin, Duan Yuanyuan, Sari, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong

===Website ===

The new website http://jmcentre.eu is online currently as a copy of http://jmchair.eu. The PhD students have a laptop with which they can edit the website. They will fill in the documentation of the events and courses of the last project on jmcentre.eu and then start to adjust the new website. Later the website might move to a smart phone friendly content management system provided by David Porter, which then should be copied to http://jmcentre.eu

===Literature Review===

David and Alina start reading papers on Digitalization of University Teaching. David will report about a AI question next time.

===Support by University Council President===

The University Council President Prof. Jiang offered his support to our project.

He could host the lecture series.

We will look for EU projects he can apply for.

===Work to be done soon===

PhD candidates: Submit frequent reports on EU platform, e.g. that the website is set up and running.

Everybody: Look for external experts (Chinese and Foreign, out of budget concerns best from within China or if from elsewhere online), which can be invited to a lecture series and a workshop.

===Wiki work platform===
Everybody should document the work (the PhD students also the hours and what work exactly was done during the hours) on http://bou.de/u/wiki/JMCentre

===Next meeting===
Scheduled for Dec 5, 2023, 17:15 in room 309 and on Tencent Meeting.

https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/srf6bMHRBJcN

#腾讯会议：240-505-868

==Next meeting Tue Dec 12, 18:15 http://bit.ly/ZOOMCOURSE, password: course==

==December 5, 2023, 17:15 internal, 18:15 meeting==
We meet in #309 and online on https://meeting.tencent.com/dw/Grwr602gM2k1 #腾讯会议：811-356-704.

===Participants===
David Porter, Ole Döring, Martin Woesler, Duan Yuanyuan, Sari, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong

===Report by David Porter on AI and University Teaching===
Ethical questions towards ChatGPT.

How can I use ChatGPT for teaching in class?

Brainstorming

Writing tradition.

Critical thinking skills, reading habits, writing habits.

Do you think it would be appropriate to use ChatGPT.

How much percentage could be replaced with ChatGPT.

Research literacy.

The students are asked why they are given the tasks.

Complete lack of ethical reasoning.

The human input: Prompting.

Standardized surveys exist for cheating and plagiarizing.

Revalue the understanding of "cheating".

A few years ago, one was

"Is it ok to copy and paste a paragraph for your own paper and claim its yours."

"Is it ok to copy and paste a paragraph to ChatGPT."

Frankensteining assisting parts.

Does it matter that ChatGPT plagiarizes?

Authorship discussion.

===Survey===
Compare impression of the learning effect when watching paper images and painter in comparison to watch images on ppt.

Creativity, you can see the entire process of production and consumption.

===Check on the to dos===
Can we get any PhD candidates from the Colloquium to join?

Have the people mentioned in the Minutes of the Kick-off meeting been invited to join?
===Report on the payments by the accounting department===
The staff has been paid for the first three months. Only Zhouli Ziruo needs to set up an account with the department and can only receive salary starting from January 2024.

To do: Duan Yuanyuan will apply that also Sari gets paid the student volunteer lump sum.

==Minutes for Dec 12, 2023==
Participants: David Porter, Zhouli Ziruo and Martin Woesler, Liu Rong, Sari Cai Zixiu.

===Report by David Porter===
*Scheduling research during the winter break.
*Fri Dec 15, 2023, 12:00 pm Meeting to discuss survey with David and Ole. Invitation: Sari, Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, Benjamin Wellsand. David will send a reminder in beforehand.

===Report by Martin Woesler===
Personnel: Benjamin Wellsand will replace Zhouli Ziruo among the three PhD students.

Waiting for payment by accounting department.

EU ratified the AI Ethics law. Cf. to UN resolution.

Martin will add information and put the links here.

===Report by Martin Woesler on Grants for going to a French university as a visiting professor, chair professors===
For now, I recommend to already check out the grants to prepare a good application. Regarding the chair professor or visiting scholar programs for foreign professors in France, there are the following mostly financed by the EU, sometimes together with the French Ministry of Science (I have indicated all weblinks):

1. Chair Program with Universities and Grand Ecoles

In addition to receiving visiting professors or researchers, many French universities and Grandes Ecoles have chair programmes to welcome researchers from around the world. These programmes are usually designed for specific scientific problems and last for a limited time. The Collège de France in particular has developed a programme of excellence in which many chairs are reserved for foreign researchers or professors. www.college-de-france.fr.

2. Chair Programs with Research Establishments

Further, there are corporate chairs that enable foreign researchers to work with a company and research establishment for up to 2 years. This programme is financed by the French National Research Agency.
http://www.agence-nationale-recherche.fr/suivi-bilan/historique-des-appels-a-projets/appel-detail1/chaires-industrielles-2017/

3. Visiting Professors

3.1 the RFIEA (Réseau Français des Instituts d’Etudes Avancées French Network of Institutes of Advanced Studies): http://rfiea.fr/;

3.2 The University of Paris 1 PanthéonSorbonne: https://www.univparis1.fr/international/enseignants-chercheurs-invites/venir-comme-professeur-invite/;

3.3 the University of ParisSaclay, with the Alembert programme: https://www.universiteparis-saclay.fr/fr/recherche/appel-projet/jean-dalembert;

3.4 AixMarseille University https://amidex.univamu.fr/fr/notre-projet;

3.5 the University of Paris 13: https://www.univ-paris13.fr/professeurs-invites/;

3.6 the UPMC: http://www.upmc.fr/fr/international/mobilite_des_chercheurs.html.

4. If he wants to go with a research team:

Experienced researchers may request funding for their research team from the European Research Council (ERC).

4.1 A Consolidator Grant https://erc.europa.eu/funding/consolidator-grants or

4.2 Advanced Grant https://erc.europa.eu/funding/advanced-grants can finance all or part of your stay, as well as that of your team, for up to 5 years. These grants can reach 2.5 million euros.

===Tasks for next week===
Everybody should read a few papers on use of digital technology and/or AI for university teaching and related topics.

Until the end of the year, we should also collect the names of some experts, we want to invite to our lecture series.

==Meeting Dec 19, 2023==
Dec 19, 2023 18:15 Chinese time online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09

====Participants====
Liu Rong, Cai Cixiu, Martin Woesler, David Porter by WeChat text message

====Approaching Deadlines====
We have to report with the continuous reporting until Dec 31, 2023 if Deliverable 1.1, to setup a website, has been fulfilled. Martin Woesler will report this (the website has been set up unter the url http://jmcentre.eu).

====Tasks for researchers and staff====
All of us invite identify foreign experts and the meeting will decide who is going to be invited and then the person having suggested the expert should also reach out to them to ask if they would join for a lecture in our lecture series or even more (like cooperating in one of the research groups).
=====Prof. Luis Cordeiro-Rodrigues, Hunan University=====
Suggested by David Porter.
====Tasks for staff====
Task for the staff: Please write down all deadlines, so that you can make sure, that the reports are written in time and the deliverables are fulfilled before the end of the deadlines.

*Dec 31, 2023. D1.1 Website WP1 1 - HUNNU DEC —Websites, patent filings, videos, etc PU - Public 3
*Oct 1, 2024. D1.2 International Conference presentation WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 12
*Jul 1, 2025. D1.3 Presentation of Anthology in English WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 21
*Oct 1, 2025 D1.4 Conference presentation with German external partner university WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 24
*Jul 1, 2025 D1.5 Presentation of Anthology in Chinese WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 33
*Sep 30, 2025 D1.6 Presentation on Conference WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 36

====Staff hour documentation====
Reminder: Please all staff members (Liu Rong, Duan Yuanyuan, Zhouli Ziruo, Benjamin Wellsand) and external staff members paid from other funds (You Tianwei) please remember to document your working hours above: [[JMCentre#PhD_and_volunteer_student_staff_work_hour_documentation]].

====Salary====
Duan Yuanyuan will ask the accounting department to pay the salary for December. This time, also Zhouli Ziruo, Cai Cixiu and Benjamin Wellsand should be added with their bank connections.

====Tasks for everybody for the winter break====
#Hard work between Dec 27-Jan 8 for those who do not go on Xmas holiday.
#Find and read papers, prepare research questions.
#Identify external experts we can invite to our lecture series.
#All staff hours (also earlier ones) are documented NOW on our website.
#Duan Yuanyuan adds bank connections of the missing three assistants to the accounting department.
#Find fitting standard surveys we can use, use them and publish a paper on the results.
#Martin Woesler will send David Porter a task list for website-related issues.
#Martin Woesler improves final report of old project and reports website http://jmcentre.eu to EU, deadline Dec 31, 2023. The PL has already contacted EU and send a draft, waits for approval to submit the report within the next days.
#Every staff member helps with technical work of paper submissions, transcriptions, translations, marketing/dissemination, website improvements etc. as asked for by the project leader.

====Next Meeting: Jan 9, 2024====
==Meeting Jan 9, 2024 18:15 Chinese time (11:15 European time)==

We meet both in person in office #309 and online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09

Everybody please prepare a 1 minute input what you found out so far from the literature, about experts we can invite and what you want to conduct research on.

===Input by David Porter===
Pardon any typos. As mentioned last time I would recommend we invite Prof. Luis Cordeiro-Rodrigues from Hunan University as he has experience with AI and ethics and is ‘right next door’ so to speak. I am happy to reach out to him but I think it would be good to have a formal CFP or fixed plan so that I can explain exactly what we would be invited for and when.

If invited speakers don’t have to be university-affiliated academics I would recommend Matt Sheehan (matt.sheehan@ceip.org) who is a fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, a journal and involved with various think-tanks relating to global technology (including China - he is supposed to be fluent in Chinese). Zhu Junhua (junzhu@utu.fi https://www.utu.fi/en/people/junhua-zhu ) is a doctoral student at University of Turku, and so still an early career scholar but is doing work on AI governance and ethics who might be someone who can bridge the Europe-China divide. We all come across a lot of names, so it might be good to have a more settled idea of what our conference might focus on more narrowly?

I want to focus on AI and university teaching with a comparative focus on Europe and China. Even in the past few years there are thousands of relevant articles but I will focus on a few more specific and nuanced research goals in the next couple months. It will likely relate to the adoption of AI in educational institutions in both regions during and post-COVID, impact of AI on student engagement, and overall learning outcomes but I want to tie into ethical considerations. Can put this crudely:
1) How extensively is AI tech currently integrated into university teaching in Europe and China?
2) How do educators perceive and navigate the associated challenges with AI and their teaching practices? (ethics here).
3) What is the impact of AI on outcomes: academic performance, yes, but also student engagement and real learning outcomes (not just bullshit test scores) in European and Chinese universities?
4) What about institutional, cultural or contextual differences that shape the adoption and impact of AI in university teaching between Europe and China?

I am still working on Literature Review and narrowing down what lit to review since comprehensiveness is impossible/obsolete the day after it is done. I want to work this into something of a comparative analysis between Europe and China in terms of AI adoption and its impact on university teaching (not exactly that but something like that). Before next semester I want to have a tangible plan for some surveys to gather qualitative and quantitative data. I have a timeline to do the preliminary work by March and serious development for something that can be submitted for publication next Fall (optimistically October, absit omen).

====List of experts to invite for lecture series====
Recommendations by Benjamin Wellsand

Bryan Brown, Stanford Graduate School of Education

Participatory research on using virtual reality to teach ocean acidification: a study in the marine education communityENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION RESEARCHFauville, G., Queiroz, A. M., Hambrick, L., Brown, B. A., Bailenson, J. N.2020
Abstract
Ocean Acidification (OA) is an emerging environmental issue that is still largely unknown to the public and in its infancy in terms of educational strategies. OA teaching material should address the specific challenges that educators face while building learners’ understanding of OA. The objective of this study is two-fold. First, we identified the barriers to teaching OA as experienced by formal and informal marine educators. Second, we provided educators an opportunity to experience virtual reality and discuss how it could serve as a tool for face-to-face and distance learning to address the identified challenges. The findings shed light on four overarching themes of challenges to teaching OA: lack of science literacy, unprepared education field, complex and invisible nature of OA and lack of personal connection with the ocean. Marine educators consider empowerment, perspective-taking and visualization as the three principal avenues through which virtual reality may contribute to mitigating the challenges to teaching OA.

Designing for Relationality in Virtual Reality: Context-Specific Learning as a Primer for Content Relevancy JOURNAL OF SCIENCE EDUCATION AND TECHNOLOGYBoda, P. A., Brown, B.2020
Abstract
Science achievement gaps exhibit racial disparities starting in primary grades and have been shown to persist through middle and high school. In turn, increasing positive attitudes toward science have been shown as one factor that affects academic achievement and motivation among K-12 students. Exploring novel ways that technology can influence diverse students’ attitudes toward science, and the design elements pertinent therein, is thus one prominent goal toward achieving science education for all. Leveraging the immersive nature of Virtual Reality 360 videos, we present a design-based research iteration testing how a novel technology-enhanced learning experience influenced close to 400 urban elementary students’ attitudes toward science. Using a two-way MANCOVA analysis, the data support that our design iteration emphasizing context-specific learningcan prime students that do not see science as relevant to them to change these attitudes in significantly positive ways. Implications are discussed around relationality, technology use in urban schools, and local contexts as learning resources.

Kyoungwon Seo
Assistant Professor, Seoul National University of Science and Technology

The impact of artificial intelligence on learner–instructor interaction in online learning
K Seo, J Tang, I Roll, S Fels, D Yoon
International journal of educational technology in higher education 18 (1), 1-23

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) systems offer effective support for online learning and teaching, including personalizing learning for students, automating instructors’ routine tasks, and powering adaptive assessments. However, while the opportunities for AI are promising, the impact of AI systems on the culture of, norms in, and expectations about interactions between students and instructors are still elusive. In online learning, learner–instructor interaction (inter alia, communication, support, and presence) has a profound impact on students’ satisfaction and learning outcomes. Thus, identifying how students and instructors perceive the impact of AI systems on their interaction is important to identify any gaps, challenges, or barriers preventing AI systems from achieving their intended potential and risking the safety of these interactions. To address this need for forward-looking decisions, we used Speed Dating with storyboards to analyze the authentic voices of 12 students and 11 instructors on diverse use cases of possible AI systems in online learning. Findings show that participants envision adopting AI systems in online learning can enable personalized learner–instructor interaction at scale but at the risk of violating social boundaries. Although AI systems have been positively recognized for improving the quantity and quality of communication, for providing just-in-time, personalized support for large-scale settings, and for improving the feeling of connection, there were concerns about responsibility, agency, and surveillance issues. These findings have implications for the design of AI systems to ensure explainability, human-in-the-loop, and careful data collection and presentation. Overall, contributions of this study include the design of AI system storyboards which are technically feasible and positively support learner–instructor interaction, capturing students’ and instructors’ concerns of AI systems through Speed Dating, and suggesting practical implications for maximizing the positive impact of AI systems while minimizing the negative ones

Andrew (Shiting) Lan
Assistant Professor College of Information and Computer Sciences University of Massachusetts Amherst

Personalized Education in the AI Era: What to Expect Next?
Setareh Maghsudi, Andrew Lan, Jie Xu, Mihaela van der Schaar

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2101.10074

Abstract

The objective of personalized learning is to design an effective knowledge acquisition track that matches the learner's strengths and bypasses her weaknesses to ultimately meet her desired goal. This concept emerged several years ago and is being adopted by a rapidly-growing number of educational institutions around the globe. In recent years, the boost of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), together with the advances in big data analysis, has unfolded novel perspectives to enhance personalized education in numerous dimensions. By taking advantage of AI/ML methods, the educational platform precisely acquires the student's characteristics. This is done, in part, by observing the past experiences as well as analyzing the available big data through exploring the learners' features and similarities. It can, for example, recommend the most appropriate content among numerous accessible ones, advise a well-designed long-term curriculum, connect appropriate learners by suggestion, accurate performance evaluation, and the like. Still, several aspects of AI-based personalized education remain unexplored. These include, among others, compensating for the adverse effects of the absence of peers, creating and maintaining motivations for learning, increasing diversity, removing the biases induced by the data and algorithms, and the like. In this paper, while providing a brief review of state-of-the-art research, we investigate the challenges of AI/ML-based personalized education and discuss potential solutions.

====Recommendations by David Porter====
*Prof. Luis Cordeiro-Rodrigues, Hunan University, has experience with AI and ethics and is ‘right next door’ so to speak. I am happy to reach out to him but I think it would be good to have a formal CFP or fixed plan so that I can explain exactly what we would be invited for and when.
*Matt Sheehan (matt.sheehan@ceip.org) fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, a journal and involved with various think-tanks relating to global technology (including China - he is supposed to be fluent in Chinese)
*Zhu Junhua (junzhu@utu.fi https://www.utu.fi/en/people/junhua-zhu )
=====Recommendations by Cai=====
*Prof. Hu Xiaoyong, Huanan Daxue (South China University) more than 100 articles on Application of Artificial Intelligent Education, Teaching from the perspective of AI, teacher intelligent education, hosted research projects

====Draft of Call for papers - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====
Dear [Scholar’s Name],

On behalf of the EU JM Studies Centre, we would like to officially invite you to attend and participate in the 2024 conference on the “Digitalization of University Teaching” on July 20-22. The conference will begin with two days in Poznań, Poland and conclude in Prague, Czech Republic. Our goal is to invite the most well-researched scholars from across the globe on the most fascinating and relevant topics regarding the use of artificial intelligence in higher education. In addition to the first-rate scholarship, convenient transportation between the two cities, delicious local delicacies, charming hotel accommodations, and impressive conference lecture spaces will make this a time to remember.

The artificial intelligence topics this conference intends to cover include, but are not limited to, personalized learning, virtual classrooms and remote learning, AI-powered tutoring systems, automated grading, predictive analytics for student success, chatbots for student support, ethical considerations, and AI in curriculum design. There will be [X] lectures held by [X] presenters from [X] countries over the three-day conference.

Should you require more information about the conference, please see the attached pamphlet or visit our website. You may also contact us directly at [phone number] or [email address]. Thank you, and we look forward to your participation in our 2024 conference.

Sincerely,

[Signature]
-BW

====Collection of Ideas what to do in the project - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====
AI usage in Personalized Learning

====Ideas for surveys - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====

====Ideas for the conference on July 20-22 - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====
July 20 Lectures in Poznan

July 21 Lectures in Poznan

July 22 morning: conference bus drives us from Poznan to Prague

July 22 morning: Young Scholars' Conference (all student assistants in the project should give 1 presentation)

July 22 afternoon: final sessions with one panel on our project "Digitalization of University Teaching" (online participation from our conference room in Changsha provided)

====Ideas for more structural work and plans - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====

===Meeting Jan 16, 2024 18:15 Chinese time (11:15 European time)===
Next meeting is scheduled for Jan 16, 2024 18:15 Chinese time online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09

==Meeting Jan 16, 2024, 18:15 Chinese time (11:15 European time)==
We meet both in person in office #309 and online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09
===Report on Final Report last JM project===
Our final report for the last project (2020-2023) has been submitted to the EU.
===Report on deliverable 1.1 „Website“ due December 2024===
===Input by Sari===
For the ai education prevalence, but that ‘s only in the cities and small towns. It give impression to itself in regional and rural inequalities. It is obviously reflected in the lack of educational resources in the areas below the county level, the low investment in education, and the low level of system construction. The quality and level of education in poor areas is relatively poor, leaving children vulnerable to disparities. Although in the cities,there is not every student has access to this technology. Only in parts of the school and rich families. To solve these problems, the cooperation of the government and the education sector, as well as the charity sector, is needed. The rich need not only to benefit from it but also to play an important role in it rather than contributing to it.
====Salary Issue====
Duan Yuanyuan has made the financial papers this month and will go to the financial department in Jan 17.

====Tasks to Do====
1.Please find professors and write draft of invitation letters.

2.Please add papers to the website.

3.For student volunteers: please list your work hours.

===Meeting Jan 23, 2024 18:15 Chinese time (11:15 European time)===
Next meeting is scheduled for Jan 23, 2024 18:15 Chinese time online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09
==Next Meeting Jan 23, 2024 18:15 Chinese time (11:15 European time)==
Hello everyone! We'll have our weekly meeting as usual in Tuesday(1. 23), next week, 18: 15 (Chinese time) . [Rose] And since the students are coming home, no one is able to go to office 309, the meeting will be online only, until next term. [Worship]

Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09
Participants: Ben Wellsand Martin Woesler David Liu Rong Duanyuanyuan Caicixiu
Editing the invitation paper by Benjamin.
Duan yuanyuan had already submitted the salaries for Jan-Feb , about a week will received.

==Deadline Oct 1, 2024 Conference==
D1.2 International Conference presentation WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 12
==Deadline Jul 1, 2025 Anthology==
D1.3 Presentation of Anthology in English WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 21
==Deadline Oct 1, 2025 Conference==
D1.4 Conference presentation with German external partner university WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 24
==Deadline Jul 1, 2025 Anthology==
D1.5 Presentation of Anthology in Chinese WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 33
==Deadline Sep 30, 2025 Conference==
D1.6 Presentation on Conference WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 36

=PREPARATION OF WACS 8 2024 in Poznan/Athens/Changsha=

Ideas to professionalize our annual conference and to win more people to participate
#we only recommend a conference hotel with a conference discount, but the participants book directly with the hotel. This helps us to lower the conference fees to maybe 190€. Also, we only accept international bank payment directly to the association‘s account.
#We should send a flyer to us universities in order to get some PhD candidates, who can present part of their Thesis. And of course scholars as a main target group.
#Last time we also improved: double blind peer review,
# issuing travel stipends,
#awards in different categories,
#chairs and discussants for all panels,
#hybrid format.

With budget cut over the years, except for the few very well-endowed private univs, in the US, most professors only have 1 trip paid. They will choose the most relevant and established one or two. Graduate students basically pay for themselves, so they only go to AAS and/or AAS Regional conferences.

With zoom, you have more flexibility.

Dan's perspectives are from those in linguistics, a much smaller group than the scope WACS advertises.

1. As a very young asso., even with high level and strong backing, you cannot compete with the established ones.

2. Your initial vision seemed to be a platform to bring in prc sinologists who don't work with the Eng lang.

3. But you also include Eng lang papers.

4. The last few years show that W European & N Am scholars are not attracted to the conference.

A) Some feedback seems to be this is a crazy group of people, a nicer way of saying they are unprofessional and disorganised.

B) The dates may be a part of it but less critical than the messiness.

5) So two issues:

A) the volume and national variety of participants; and

B) the asso's administration of the conferences.

6) Possible remedies:

A) you need a systematic way of proactively reaching out to universities and colleges all over the world, by sending the departments information about the coming year's conference & links, etc.

You have to do this every year. Your conference's scope covers culture, history, ling., lit, phil, pol sci, etc., so to each of these departments, a notice could be sent.

You can do so with a master list by approaching a certain number in each continent the first year, then adding a few more for that country the next year, and so on.

You can even target specific regions/ continents in different years. You are in Eastern Europe, it's a good time to get them to participate. Maybe alongside, this year, it is SE Asia. (Next year, it could be S. Am & Australia as specific targets.)

B) The asso's org: herein lies the foundation of the problem. Until you look hard into it and take serious steps to overhaul it, putting in place functional committees with members who put in time and energy to administer and operate the asso., hence the conference as well, even if (A) is successful one year, it will evaporate in a handful of years.

7) In short, it is necessary to prioritise the structural/ organisational reform in administration & operation, before the change of dates.

8) Since changing the dates in a big way may not bring in many more new participants, you may want to hold it off.

A) You may want to have someone to do a quick research to see when, e.g. Asia & SE Asia is most unlikely to attend a conf, then when in S Am, etc., and the reasons. You get an overview, then you decide.

=FROM HERE ON, THIS IS THE WEBSITE OF THE OLD JEAN MONNET CHAIR PROJECT - General Status=
*Spend the remaining JMC funds: We need to document the JMC activities (add Fan Ni's, current courses, current meetings) in a file, publish it on our website and apply for reimbursement
*Prepare Dec 6, 2022 Donation campaign http://bou.de/fanyi.html
*Prepare Mar, 1, 2023 JMC application 2023-2026
*Prepare August 31, 2023 JMC report

=Conferences=
*Conference August 12-14: Prepare Proceedings

==Editing of Journal Hanxue 2018-2023==
*ISSN received
*Each issue needs to be finalized and then submitted to proof reader

Please write here the status and the person in charge of the following issues. Please especially mention if the papers are complete or for how many papers we are still waiting for the revised version
* Oct 14 漢學 1 (2018) => submission to US ISSN centre, adding information on journals.php
* Oct 14 漢學 2 (2019)
* Oct 14 漢學 3 (2020)
* Oct 14 漢學 4 (2021)
* Oct 14 漢學 5 (2022)

===Paper Published and Resubmitted===
作者、名称、发表情况、收到情况、新文章名称

*''1. 潘銘基 Poon Ming Kay 班固《漢書》的經學意義與《春秋》筆法——兼論《漢書》的傳授與讀法已发表已收到《略論傳統儒家文化與聯合國永續發展目標》''

*'''2. 鄭煒明、陳玉瑩上博簡《訟成》（原題《容成氏》）篇與先秦墨家的談辯和說書已发表无'''

*'''3. 王棕琦Wong Tsung Kei 《文子．道德》篇章結構考論——兼論今本《文子》據古本《文本》改易《淮南》原文的情況已发表无'''

*''4. 伍亭因《孔叢子-詰墨》成篇問題芻議（补充）未发表已收到''

*''5. 朱惠国论辛弃疾二十四首《临江仙》的体式及其词谱学意义已发表已收到《论<永遇乐>的声律特征及后世影响》''

*''6. 周能俊 “嘉禾”符瑞对元魏政治的影响——以北魏承明元年的齐州“嘉禾”事件为例已发表已收到《唐大中初年道教瑞应与国家政治的互动》''

*7. 黃啟深《勵忠節鈔》引《世說新語》考論部分发表修改中

*'''8. 趙望秦Wang-qin Zhao 透過文化記憶視窗看“史漢優劣”的演變已发表无（关于中韩文化方面的内容找不到）'''

*''9. 位灵芝红楼梦精雅生活——从贾宝玉说起未发表已收到''

*''10. 陈洁论《新青年》编辑权的改变对其分化的影响已发表已收到《鲁迅与新潮社》''

*''11. Shang, Yuchen 尚昱辰虚构与真实——晚明戏曲中情鬼戏的审美意涵未发表已收到''

*''12. 曹波贝克特《庸女梦》中的中国音乐：改写与误读未发表已收到''

*'''13. 梁世和尋求化解文明衝突之道——一行禪師「入世佛教」思想探析已发表已收到《南人北学陆陇其》投明年的其他会议集'''

*'''14. 曾秀萍（日）常與非常：跨越陰陽的臺灣同志/酷兒影像已发表无'''

*''15. 洪淑苓從｢父母國」出走——安琪詩中的空間經驗與女性主體建構（补充）未发表已收到''

1-15篇（何君负责收集联系，15位作者中，9位的文章已发表，其中4位表示此次不提供其他文章，1位表示新论文改投到明年的其他论文集中，已收到文章10篇，其中4篇为新文章，待审核，另有1篇正在修改中）

*16.

*17.吴双中日“水浒豪杰"的绘画形象比较
未发表修改中，本周内提交

*40张惠經典西扦之文化再塑——現代英文劇本《大觀園》之哲學與國族新面相已发表新稿件目前正在修改格式

*42陳惠齡台灣新竹寺廟、詩僧與地景所體現的地方文化空間性已发表不提供新文章

*46于宏古體漢語詩歌翻譯管闚未发表稿件修改中

==Internal Search for Reviewer from the field of Translation into German==
* June 15 Find people, contact - Martin Woesler

==Payment of Research Assistants==
* June 10 Duan Yuanyuan - please update progress here incl. reimbursement of travel costs

==Translation projects in general==
[[Book_projects]]

==Translation projects for Foreign Languages Press==
Completed by June 12
* June 6 Wisdom final proof reading 66%
* June 8 Poverty final proof reading 0%

==Translation projects for CCTSS==
* Check raw translation [[Chinesisches Kulturlexikon]] Wörterbuch Dictionary

==Own translation projects==
* June 15 HLM 4th edition

==CFP, TOC==
* June 13 Upgrade EJS 2 (2019)

==Major research project for Lueneburg==
* June 10 review Martin Woesler

==Grading of old courses==
* June 20 Martin Woesler

==Establishing standards for current papers MA Classics, MA Lang&Cult, BA Cult==
* June 15 Send standards to students

==Papers==
*[[Grading system in China]] submitted to David Martin MAY 3, 2022, now: publish
*[[Interculturality in HLM]] submitted to 2nd reviewer in USA, get back on Thursday => submit to Routledge

==CLEARED: Interviews==
* June 10 [[2022 Interview by Lou Kang]] 娄康
* June 19 [[2022 Interview by Xinhua She]]
* Published May 30, 2022: [[Interview by Wan Shuyuan 2022]]

=Imminant tasks=
*We update the website almost daily http://jmchair.eu/en/ and http://jmchair.eu/cn/ '''Liao Shiyun & Li Xin''': updates events incl. photos (参考 http://jmchair.eu/en/impressum.php), split into smaller pages http://jmchair.eu/en/participation.php; Write new: http://jmchair.eu/en/euprog.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/network.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/comparison.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/teaching.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/links.php. Martin Woesler: add new surveys into http://jmchair.eu/en/surveys.php.
*Liu Rong: We work on an '''official WeChat channel''' 微信公众号 and will post the activities there
*HX: 2018 7 Western-Chinese Cultural Studies I, 2019 7 Western-Chinese Cultural Studies II, 2020 6 drama, 2021 9 poetry, 2022 7 classics, 2023 7 literary histories, 2024 6 Religion and Philosophy. 在头里《汉学》1 (2018)。英文里面书要italic写，doi号码不对，应该是DOI:10.12906/9781682025215_002。总共的字体要大一点，因为很多人在屏幕上看。大家注意一下：doi 是这样算出来的：DOI:10.12906/97816820252 这一部分每一次都一样，然后1（2018）加“15_001”（封面和目录）、加“15_002”（第一篇）、加“15_003”（第二篇）、加“15_004”（第三篇）等等。2（2019）加“22_001”、“22_002”、“22_003”、“22_004”等等，3（2020）加“39_001”、“39_002”、“39_003”、“39_004”等等，4（2021）加“46_001”、“46_002”、“46_003”、“46_004”等等，5（2022）加“53_001”、“53_002”、“53_003”、“53_004”等等，6（2023）加“60_001”、“60_002”、“60_003”、“60_004”等等，7（2024）加“77_001”、“77_002”、“77_003”、“77_004”等等，8（2025）加“84_001”、“84_002”、“84_003”、“84_004”等等，9（2026）加“91_001”、“91_002”、“91_003”、“91_004”等等。
*EJS: Martin: EJCS 2019 update page numbers => publish, TOC; CFP. We need to publish TOC and CFP for EJS, EJCS, and HX
*We need to submit papers on Lu Xun, web literature to MCLC, grading system, and Chinoisérie to A&HCI journal of ancient China
*We need to write a larger anthology of research results
*We need to write [[Book_projects|several books]], one is the [[History of Chinese Studies]], another one the [[Appropriateness Theory Book]].
*Connect with German Literature / Translation colleague: joint research
*Work on 4th edition of Honglou meng: Check illustrations with Zhang Hui

==Wait for feedback==
*Sven Kramer from Leuphana University
*New papers from Zhang Hui, Yu Hong, Hong Shu-ling

=We need to keep reminding=
*Lihua Jiang helps to solve the following problems: JM grant (the first amount has to be paid to the participating teachers), Seed grant (will reimburse flight costs and student assistants' salaries), admission of international student Markus Mueller to PhD program, admission of Olha Woesler to BA program to collect more certificates for teaching at FSC
=Successfully completed tasks=
*We have submitted the [[Interview by Wan Shuyuan 2022]], it got more than 1 million readers and was republished on several platforms including the website of the Chinese Embassy in Germany
*The JM budget of 40.000 Euros was moved from "Research" to "Education" 教务处 and paid to the participating teachers. Now we need to provide evidence for more teachings so that the remaining 10.000 Euros and 16.667 Euros matching funds from the university can be spent and 10,000 Euros will be reimbursed upon delivery of the report. Contact person: WeChat ID chiryhuo 霍丽 Lei Li，传神湖南高校的联系人 (Aim: Get the funds assigned to Martin Woesler, then paid to the participating teachers)

=Staff tasks=
==Martin Woesler==
*Send everyone a sample of the journal and the vetting (review) of the Chinese essays.
*Prepare 2 MOOC contents and produce films
==Duan Yuanyuan==
'''Funds Management'''
*Submit a new Seed Grant 启动资金 to Administration: So in the new budget, we should have maybe 55.000 Yuan travel and (quarantine) hotel cost, 10.000 Yuan office 309 和 415 设备 (比如冰箱、饮水机), 30.000 Yuan salary for assistants, 5.000 Yuan budget for books and decoration (statues, paintings) we buy for the two walls and bookshelfs in both offices. If it is not possible to buy fridge etc. from it, we can plan this money differently. I am afraid we will spend all the money totally soon. Therefore, I will have to apply for a second budget maybe for 2023. I don't know if they grant me a second budget.
*The EU Grant requires to spend 67.000 Euros first, submit spending receipts and then apply for reimbursement of remaining 10.000 Euros. This means that the university has to release the 40.000 Euros now, is ready to spend the remaining 27.000 Euros then and get reimbursed only 10.000 Euros later.
*Read into the technical requirements of managing EU funds, this includes registering on web sites, filling out forms, submitting information and requesting fundings, controlling the funds arriving at the HUNNU account, forwarding it to the recipients at HUNNU, coordinating with financial department of HUNNU.
==Liao Shiyun 廖诗韵==
*Translates Chinese website http://jmchair.eu/cn/centre.php (网页第七部分（国际汉学中心））

Create [[Description of the Centre]] for the College Website https://fsc.hunnu.edu.cn/info/1148/4103.htm

==Zhu Meimei 祝美梅==
*List all the activities on the 6 part of the website (第六部分课程资源那一块还需要一位同学帮忙添加一些课程和活动内容（应该可以参考维基网站的课程内容）)
==Li Xin==
*Write Introduction to Centre for official FSC website 需要请一位同学帮忙充实第七部分（国际汉学中心）简介部分，可参考https://fsc.hunnu.edu.cn/info/1148/4103.htm。（李欣）
==Please add names and work report of further staff==
=Tasks sorted by topics=
=Course Enrichment Grant（Liao Shiyun）=
*Collecting contents and work proofs from the different participants of the "Course Enrichment Grant", bringing it into a representative form, uploading it on the Jean Monnet website and managing the EU Studies material database online. LIAO Shiyun (also Wiki Admin Classics course)
*Martin please remember to send the profiles to Liao Shiyun
*Activities

Teacher 课程course title 2020winter 2021summer 2021winter 2022spring Spalte1 SUMME

Jean Monnet Work Meeting (with Martin Woesler, Margaret Chu, Martin Warnke, add date and time)

Margaret Chu Lecture (here we also need to make sure that honorarium and travel reimbursement from College is paid, we need to add date and topic)

Martin Warnke Lecture (here we also need to make sure that honorarium and travel reimbursement from College is paid, we need to add date and topic)

Martin Woesler Foundation of Chinese Culture 24 32 32 88 7040

Martin Woesler Introduction to Translation Studies 24 32 56 4480

Martin Woesler Chinese Languages and Cultures 24 32 56 4480

Martin Woesler Chinese Classics Translation 32 32 2560

Martin Woesler German Phonetics 32 32 2560

Martin Woesler MOOC CompLit 1 3 4 320

Martin Woesler Colloquium 1 1 80

Jia Yanfang 《计算机辅助翻译》 24 32 56 4480

Deng Yurong College English 40 48 32 120 9600

Luo Fang 法语口译实务 24 24 1920

Ole Doering and Cord Eberspächer English Translations of Chinese Classics 34 34 2720

Fan Ni 德语（三） 32 32 2560

Lars Nowak Deutsch Hören und Sprechen (2) 32 32 2560

192 211 64 100 567 45360

15360 16880 5120 8000 45360

'''Euro-China Dialogues by Martin Woesler'''

Cross-Universities Tea Chat on International Women's Day with a lecture from the European perspective on systemic problems to implement total equality, Western Cafe
与几大高校人员于国际妇女节当日共同讨论了从欧洲角度看待实现完全平等这一话题。

Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102
与30名英语母语者本科生在专家楼1栋102开展野餐以及户外烧烤活动，同时共同讨论了有关欧洲联盟的政体，演变历史，发展前景等相关内容。

Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 20 MA students, Expert Building 1-102
与20名英语母语者研究生在专家楼1栋102开展野餐以及户外烧烤活动，同时探讨了中欧考试制度，教育理念，教育方式的异同等相关话题。

German Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102
与30名本科生在专家楼1栋102开展德式野餐以及户外烧烤活动，并探讨了中欧文化在双方地域的接受度问题。

Colloquium with Jiang Lihua: European perspective on marketing films for Chinese cities, room
吴教授与“语言智能与跨文化传播研究小组”在湖南师范大学外国语学院601教室举办了线下读书分享会，主题为“形象学视角下国家外宣形象的建构”，会议语言为英语。与会学生畅所欲言，就本次主题展开热烈讨论，均收益颇丰。

Dec 13, 2019 19:00-21:00 Warnke, lecture

Dec 14, 2019 14:00-16:00 Warnke, colloquium

Dec 16, 2019 19:00-21:00 Chu, lecture

Mar 6, 15:00-19:00 JM Dialogue: European Woman's Day, with Multinational Circle, Shiguang Zhongxi Canting

吴漠汀教授开展了主题为“欧洲的妇女节”的会谈。

Mar 8 1st JM Volunteer-Meeting with 6 MA and PhD students, contribution on European Grants, 309

2022年3月8日14：00-16：00，国际汉学中心的6名硕士和博士志愿者在湖南师范大学外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了让·莫内志愿者会议第一次会议。吴漠汀教授向各志愿者们介绍了国际汉学中心的情况和让·莫内项目，商讨了欧盟让·莫内项目基金相关事宜，并给志愿者们分配了近期工作内容。

Thurs. Mar 10 Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102

Fri. Mar 11 18:30-23:00 Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 20 MA students, Expert Building 1-102

Tue. Mar 15 German Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102

Mar 16 2nd JM Volunteer-Meeting with 6 MA and PhD students, contribution on European politics, 309

2022年3月16日15：00-17：00，国际汉学中心的6名硕士和博士志愿者在湖南师范大学外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了让·莫内志愿者会议第一次会议。吴漠汀教授与各志愿者共同探讨了中欧政治体系的异同。

Thu Mar 17, Lecture by Martin Woesler on Tourism 读书分享会, 601, Marketing: Gongzhonghao

Mo Mar 21, 11:00-12:30 JM Lunch: European unification

2022年3月21日，11：00-12：30，吴漠汀教授与五名志愿者在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅聚餐，开展了主题为“欧洲一体化”的讨论，与会学生畅所欲言，积极分享自己的观点，大家均收益颇丰。

Wed Mar 23, 11:00-14:45 JM Lunch: European unification with 5 MA and PhD students

Mo Mar 26, 19:00-21:15 JM Chats: European foreign policy

Tu Apr.12, 11:50-14:20 JM Work Report at Jiayuan Restaurant and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了工作会议，志愿者们就近期所做工作进行了工作汇报，吴教授分别对各志愿者的工作给予了评价，并对未来的工作进行了分配。

Sun Apr 17, 14:30-19:00 JM Dialogue: Eastern in Europe, Multinational Circle, Fly Cafe, Jiayuan Western Cafe

Tu Apr 19, 11:00-15:00 JM Dialogue: Webliterature at Jiayuan Western Cafe and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室与志愿者们开展了讨论会议。会议主题为“网络文学”。此次会议详细讨论了“网络文学”近几年在中国的发展历程。

Wed Apr 20, 11:00-15:00 JM Dialogue: Webliterature 2 at Jiayuan Restaurant and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室与志愿者们开展了讨论会议。会议主题为“网络文学”。此次会议详细讨论了“网络文学”的类型，以及在国外的接受度。

Sat Apr 23, 9:00-16:00 JM Culture Exchange: Shadow Play in China and Europe, Hunan Yuhua feiyi guan

湖南师范大学特聘教授、博导、国际汉学中心主任吴漠汀来到湖南雨花非遗馆，与长沙何氏皮影戏第四代传承人何怀玉进行了深入交流。

Wed Apr 27, 11:00-15:00 Preparation of Fundraising Event "Chinese-European Friendship"

吴漠汀教授在木兰食堂和腾龙楼309召开了会议，向志愿者们介绍了“中欧友谊”项目资金筹集活动，并为这个即将到来的活动做了一系列准备工作。

Thu Apr 28, 18:00-21:00 Fundraising Event "Chinese-European Friendship", collected 20,450 Euros from Europe to support 7 China-related projects

吴漠汀教授与志愿者们参与了“中欧友谊”项目资金筹集活动，此次活动从欧洲筹集到了共20450欧元的资金，帮助了7个与中国相关的项目。

Fre Apr 29, 9:00-12:00 Classics Translation and Appreciation, Frontiers in Literature Translation and Chinese Literature Goes Abroad - from the European perspective, MOOC production, Hunan Normal University Shanlou 善楼 6th floor, room 413

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学至善楼进行了MOOC的录制，课程主题为“典籍翻译和赏析、文学翻译前沿和从欧洲视角看中国文学走出去”。

Wed May 4, 11:00-14:00 JM Work: Set up a European Library at Jiayuan Western Cafe and 309

吴漠汀教授带领志愿者们，将办公室内有关欧洲的书籍按照其类别进行分类，分成了哲学、历史、文学三大类，并建立了自己的电子图书馆，欢迎全校师生来国际汉学中心借阅图书。

May 17, 6:30-9:30 pm Jean Monnet Activity: Yearplanning for Multinational Circle, Martin Woesler joins Marketing and Event Planning groups as "Multinational Circle Ambassador". at X-Handsome Pizza Restaurant, Xinminlu.

吴漠汀教授给国际留学生介绍中国文化。

Wed May 18, 11:30- JM Hanxue literary work at Jiayuan Western Cafe and office 309

吴漠汀教授带领志愿者们整理了国际汉学论坛的论文，帮助编撰汉学期刊杂志，并为即将到来的学术讲座做准备。

Thurs May 19, 19:30-21:00 Lecture by Warnke at 613

Sat May 21, 10:00- JM editing work

吴教授请来了黄渊基先生来指导志愿者们进行汉学期刊杂志的相关工作。

Wed May 25, 11:00-14:30 - JM editing work

吴教授和志愿者们进行了汉学期刊的相关工作，并布置了近期JM网站的任务。

Sat May 28, 11:00- 14：30 -JM editing work

吴教授和黄渊基编辑进一步指导志愿者们进行汉学期刊的相关工作

Sat May 28, 19:00-22:30

Wed June 8,

Wed Nov 2, 12:00-13:30 Preparation of Donation campaign

=Research and Grant Writing=
==Assistant Li Ying==
Collecting information about available continuation of the funding or similar funding, preparing new application letters for funding based on the existing successful letters. 李穎

Deadline Nov 2022-Feb 2023? Prepare next JM-Chair application.

Helen updates information and adds links.

==Assistant Helen He Jun==
===Grant: 让莫内主席教授2020-2023(received)===

*How to spend grant
*How to ask for remaining grant

===Grant: 岳麓山大学科技城 (start: now, deadline: April 30, 2022)===
*[[Yuelu Mountain Universities Science City 2022]]
*Contact with translation company is established

===Grant: 让莫内讲席教授2023-2026 (start: Nov 25, 2022, deadline: March 1, 2023)===
[[JM Application 2023]]

[[JM Application Websites]]

===Grant: Web literature===
[[Web Literature 2022]]

===Grant: 111===
===Honorary Doctorates' Awards===
Check with Dean Zeng Yanyu and Ministry of Education
====Harald Holz, philosopher, novelist and poet====
====Matthias Kettner, philosopher====
====Martin Warnke, media studies====
===Cooperation with Humboldt Center===
===Further possible grants from Germany, EU and China===

=Networking=
Connecting to other Jean Monnet Chairs and to the Centre in Brussels to network with other Centres and to coordinate joint database and initiatives including the current survey among JM Chairs. Gabrielle 黎溢佳

=Campus Communication=
Keeping up communication within the university to further spread the information about the program, recruit further teachers to get a share of the funding, coordinate with University press department to achieve high publicity and documentation of the work including the documentation for the final report which is due September 2023. Li Xin 李欣

The publicity plan for teachers has been submitted and is being publicized

The plan of monthly lectures has been approved and will be arranged one by one after the theme of each month is determined

=Activities Coordination=
Planning and conducting representative activities, including issuing the EU Studies Expert certificates in coordination with the university administration, sign-revealing ceremonies, setting up EU funded PhD scholarships, setting up small events like awarding honorary PhD to senior European scholars (have to be retired in Europe, can be up to 90 years old, e.g. Harald Holz) with high publicity. Design and estimate costs for hanging up metal signs with Erasmus+ and EU logo, logo for the Center, the Multilevel Center, BMBF, Translation Workshop, European Academy as well as a sign for an existing campaign "We don't take presents."

=Deadlines=
*April 30, 2022, start now - 岳麓山大学科技城
*March 1, 2023, start: Nov. 25, 2022 - 让莫内讲席教授2023-2026
*April 30, 2022，redistribution start: May 1, 2022 - 岳麓科技城人才服务卡

=Publishing - Susan Chu 祝美梅=
Formatting and copy editing English contents for publication

'''Professor please remember to send her brief introduction of the journals and further materials.'''

MCLC; Textbooks; HLM 4; Complete Works of Lu Xun; EJS; EJSin; Interviews

Martin please remember to send Susan the related profiles.

==TOCs and CFPs==
Dear Susan, please formulate TOCs and CFPs for the following journal issues. I will then publish a TOC and a CFP every other week with MCLC blog, Sinology Facebook Group and H-NET Asia mailinglist:
*Please check the existing TOCs and CFPs on the H-Asia website.

===TOC European Journal of Sinology 10 (2019)===

The European Journal of Sinology (EJSin) is an independent journal on ancient and premodern China, founded in 2010. All EJSin issues including paper titles, abstracts and references can be accessed on http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php.

Due to the professionalization of its double blind peer review process, its copy editing process and its setting up of an ip range campus license system, the EJSin issues have been delayed since 2019. Currently, EJSin catches up by publishing its annual issues every half year.

*Ancient and Modern Practical Ethics of Humanity: Concrete Humanity from Mencius to Schweitzer

''Lenk, Hans'' pp. 7-27
*Figurism and Ideological Colonialism

''Holz, Harald'' pp. 28-32
*The Silk Road: Connections and Interactions between Chinese and European Philosophy
China as Inspiration for European Thinkers

''an der Heiden, Uwe'' pp. 33-51
*Past, Present & Future: Storytelling, Recitation and Repetition in Popular Education in the Yang Zheng Lei Bian

''Chu, Margaret'' pp. 52-94
*Things Unspoken in the Red Chamber Dreams

''Woesler, Martin'' pp. 95-111

http://universitypress.eu/9783865152978_005.pdf

Contact for contributions, purchase and subscriptions of online and paper issues: journals@universitypress.eu

'''Task for Susan'''

Please adjust the TOCs so that they look more like the following:

TOC: Chinese Literature, Essays Articles Reviews (CLEAR) v. 43 (2021)

CHINESE LITERATURE: ESSAYS ARTICLES REVIEWS

CONTENTS Volume 43 (Dec. 2021)

EDITORIAL

NECROLOGY
Eugene Chen Eoyang, 1939-2021

ESSAYS AND ARTICLES

Rebecca DORAN, “Clothing and Ways of Dressing as Narrative Motifs in Shishuo xinyu”

MEI Chun, “High-Brow Literature: Physiognomy and Scholar-Beauty Romance”

Yingying HUANG, “Nüxia and Footbinding: Forging the Female Knight-Errant”

GONG Haomin, “A World Without Enemies: Revenge, Sacrifice, and Redemption in Chen Kaige’s Adaptation of The Orphan of Zhao”

SPECIAL ISSUE ON YANG MU

Michelle YEH, “A Tribute to Yang Mu”

Yu-yu CHENG, “A Ceaseless Generative Structure: Yang Mu’s Views on Early Chinese Classical Literature”

Cheng-chung LIU, “Absorbed in Thought, Seeking all Around: Yang Mu’s Prose and Chinese and Western Literary Traditions”

Haun SAUSSY, “Yang Mu’s Poetic Returns”

Yueqin ZHAI, “The Tragic Spirit of the East: The ‘Drama of Sounds’ in Yang Mu’s Poems”

Joseph R. ALLEN, “As Always, Yang Mu: A Relationship of Letters”

REVIEWS OF BOOKS

Further details at: https://clear.wisc.edu

Categories: Announcement

Keywords: announcement, Chinese literature, Journal ToC

The European Journal of Chinese Studies (EJCS) is an independent journal on modern and contemporary China, founded in 2018. All issues including paper titles, abstracts and references can be accessed on http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php.

Due to the professionalization of its double blind peer review process, its copy editing process and its setting up of an ip range campus license system, the EJCS issues have been delayed since 2019. Currently, EJCS catches up by publishing its annual issues every half year.

===TOC European Journal of Chinese Studies 2 (2019)

CHINESE LITERATURE: ESSAYS ARTICLES REVIEWS

CONTENTS Volume 2 (2019)

ESSAYS AND ARTICLES

Martin WOESLER, Martin WANKE, Matthias KETTNER, Jens LANFER “The Chinese Social Credit System: Origin, political design, exoskeletal morality and comparisons to Western systems”

Huiling LUO, “No Distance Matters, neither any Difference: China-Spain Relations during Adolfo Suárez’ Government”

Michael Knüppel, “Preliminary report of a study on Arabic calligraphy of the Hui Muslims — the example of the dū ās (都阿)”

Cîndea Gîţă, Iulia Elena, Riccardo Moratto, “Chinese Literature in Romania: A Qualitative Study based on In-Depth Interviews with the Agents Involved in Sino-Romanian Transfer of Culture”

Further details at: http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php#EJCS2019

Categories: Announcement

Keywords: social credit system, trust, Chinese market economy, political loyalty, Journal ToC

===CFP “Young Chinese and their world view” European Journal of Chinese Studies 3 (2020) Special Issue===

'''Sample CFP'''

CFP: The Journal of Northeast Asian History Vol. 19-1

Type: Call for Papers

Location: Korea South

Subject Fields: Asian History / Studies, Chinese History / Studies, East Asian History / Studies, Japanese History / Studies, Korean History / Studies

CFP: The Journal of Northeast Asian History Vol. 19-1

Dear Colleagues,

The Northeast Asian History Foundation continues to expand its interaction with scholars specializing in Asian history and related fields outside East Asia. The Foundation is also strengthening its ties with leading institutions and scholars by encouraging interdisciplinary and comparative approaches to research on geopolitical, cultural, educational, and other issues in East Asia.

The Foundation publishes the Journal of Northeast Asian History (JNAH), a peer-reviewed semi-annual English-language journal that focuses on history-based approaches to Asian politics, cultures, economy and other fields to shed light on the historical realities of the Asian World. The Journal's geographical scope extends to other parts of the world which have significant relevancy to Asian history, thus charting globalism and localism from global perspectives.

In particular, we will welcome two topics that concern (1) Korea-China Relations and Historical Configuration in Northeast Asia and (2) US-China Relations and Historical Issues in East Asia, both of which will help explore further how inter-state and intra-state matters were and are liked together to the historical development of continental East Asia and how the confluence of these external and internal factors have been making vital impact on the various mode of regional interaction in modern East Asia and beyond.

The Journal of Northeast Asian History calls for the submission of outstanding and unpublished papers for review and possible publication in Winter 2022. We invite colleagues to consider the Journal when seeking to publish ongoing research since we believe this can be an impetus for further scholarly collaboration in the future. For full consideration, please submit manuscripts by July 31, 2022 for Winter Issue.

Please contact us at jnah@nahf.or.kr or jnah.nahf@gmail.com should you have any questions regarding the journal, its submission process or subscription to it.
Thank you in advance for your attention and contributions.

Editorial Board of Journal of Northeast Asian History (JNAH)

Contact Email: jnah@nahf.or.kr

Categories: CFP

Keywords: CFP

===CFP “David versus Goliath - Souvereignty issues of small countries and regions neighboring large countries” European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021) Special Issue===

CFP: European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021) Special Issue

'''Type:''' Call for Papers

'''Location:''' China

'''Subject Fields:''' Asian History / Studies, Chinese History / Studies, East Asian History / Studies

'''CFP:''' “David versus Goliath - Souvereignty issues of small countries and regions neighboring large countries” European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021)

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine — the most consequential military conflict Europe has witnessed since the Second World War — has riveted the attention of the world. Almost inevitably people look to draw analogies — both historical and contemporary ones. One popular contemporary analogy is between Russia’s actions vis-à-vis Ukraine and mainland China’s approach to Taiwan.

In this issue, we will welcome two topics that concern (1) Russia-Ukraine and (2) Mainland China-Taiwan. We aim to bring together papers that critically examine the two comparisons. We aim to bring together papers that (1) critically examine the differentiated situation of the two large authoriatarian nations; (2) discuss the ways in which two large authoritarian nations exert control on smaller neighbors; and (3) comparison with the approach of non-authoritarian large nations towards smaller neighbors; (4) consequences for world order, stability, peace and economical development.

'''Submit your abstract'''

'''Categories:''' CFP

Keywords: CFP

===CFP “The Chinese society system versus the Western society system” European Journal of Chinese Studies 5 (2022) Special Issue===
===CFP “China old and new” European Journal of Sinology 11 (2020) Special Issue===
===CFP “Traditional Chinese Culture and the Future” European Journal of Sinology 12 (2021) Special Issue===
===CFP “Cross-Cultural Elements in Chinese and Western Literary Works” European Journal of Chinese Studies () Special Issue===

CFP: European Journal of Chinese Studies () Special Issue

'''Type:'''Call for Papers

'''Location:'''Germany

'''Subject Fields:''' Chinese literature / Studies, Western literature / Studies

'''CFP:'''“Cross-Cultural Elements in Chinese and Western Literary Works” European Journal of Chinese Studies” European Journal of Chinese Studies ()

Communication is among the best ways to resolve differences and strengthen cooperation. At an age when "anti-globalization" continues to characterize global situation; conservatism and ultra-nationalism are on the rise; and regional conflicts become frequent, cross-cultural communication seems to be particularly meaningful.

In this issue, we will welcome topics that concern (1) Chinese literature and (2) Western literature. We aim to bring together papers that critically examine cross-cultural elements in Chinese and Western literature in general or in particular works. We will welcome papers that (1) critically examine the different culture and cross-cultural elements in Chinese and Western literature; (2) discusses the problems encountered in such cross-cutural communication; (3) what such communications contribute to Chinese or Western culture.

'''Submit your abstract'''

'''Categories: '''CFP

Keywords: CFP

==The following CFPs need to be written in Chinese==
===CFP “China rewrites history” European Journal of Sinology 13 (2022) Special Issue===
===CFP “China old and new” Hanxue 1 (2018) Special Issue===
===CFP “Traditional Chinese Culture and the Future” Hanxue 2 (2019) Special Issue===
===CFP “Continuities and Disruptions in Chinese Culture” Hanxue 3 (2020) Special Issue===
===CFP “The Chinese Fight Against Poverty” Hanxue 4 (2021) Special Issue===
===CFP “The Chinese Fight Against the Pandemic” Hanxue 5 (2022) Special Issue===

=Remarks=
各位学妹你们好，请在以上任务中挑选自己感兴趣的。另外，国际汉学中心（外院309）需要值班，值班期间要完成汉学中心相关工作，值班时间为周一到周五，具体时间可再商议。现在需要收集你们的可值班时间，中心会按照工作时长发放工资。请你们把可值班时间发在群里，我来排班。

Gabrielle: 周三整天，周四下午都可以

Li Xin 李欣: 周一和周三上午可以值班

LIAO Shiyun Classics 22: 周三整天，周四下午都可以

Susan Chu 祝美梅: 周二、周三、周四、周五下午都可以

李穎: 周三，周四下午

JMCentre

2024-01-15T14:05:17Z

You Tianwei: /* PhD and volunteer student staff work hour documentation */

This is the wiki website for daily work of the JM Centre of Excellence at Hunan Normal University.

This website shortlink: http://bou.de/u/wiki/JMCentre

Our public website: http://jmcentre.eu

=Registration on this website=
Please all participants register for this wiki in order to be able to edit the websites and also to add your information:

https://bou.de/u/wiki/Special:RequestAccount

Please fill in the registration form with your real name as "username" and as "real name". The password for registration and also for editing any website on the wiki is "wikicaptcha".

=PhD and volunteer student staff work hour documentation=

CCX, YTW, LR, DYY, BW

'''Date, time, hours, content of work'''

*CCX’ s working hours
CCX Dec 1 , 16:00-17:00,1 hours , discuss the survey with Pro. Ole on WeChat ,edit the survey questions
CCX Dec 5, 18:15-18:45, 0.5 hours, participation in meeting, report on the status of the survey
CCX Dec 12 19:00-19:30,0.5 hours, participation in meeting
CCX Dec 19, 18:30-19.30, 1 hours, participation in meeting, report on the status of the survey

*YTW‘s working hours
YTW Dec 18, 16:00-17:00, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 24-31;
YTW Dec 23, 21:40-22:50, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 31-49;
YTW Dec 25, 19:35-20:39, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 49-65. fertig.
YTW Jan 6, 21:27-22:38, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, reworked the transcriptions, fertig.
YTW Jan 6-7 23:00-00:13, Goethe, reworked the paper.
YTW Jan 9-10 22.50-00:28, reworked the paper about the translation of 丫鬟（servant or slave？） in “Dream of the Red Chamber”.
YTW Jan 15 20:15-21:55, looking for a book "Kirby: Germany and Republican China", but it seems that there is no E-book online. Finally, maybe YTW's sister could lend the book out from Shanghai Library on weekend...
*LR

*DYY

*BW

=Minutes=
==Nov 16, 2023==
Minutes of the Kick-off meeting “EU JM Centre of Excellence for Digitalization of University Teaching” Nov 16, 2023, 10:00-11:30 am, HNU Tenglong Building, room 309
===Protocol: Martin Woesler===
===Participants===
Prof. Woesler, Prof. Jiang Lihua, Prof. Porter, PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, Zhouli Ziruo, Volunteer "Sari" Cai Xixiu.

===Next Meeting===
Friday Nov 24, 2023, 10:00 am room 309. For those who can only attend online: Zoom: http://bit.ly/ZOOMCOURSE

===Your contact people: The project staff===
Project Leader: Prof. Woesler, Project Assistants: PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong. The staff takes on the double task of conducting research (especially systematic literature reviews, surveys, field experiments testing different learning spaces or digital tools) and doing the administration (keeping the overview, watching the timeline, reports on the EU platform, reminding of deadlines, organizing meetings, inviting project members and external experts to joint papers, conferences, anthologies etc.).

===Salaries===
The project started in September and the project staff has already invested some work. So far, the payment of the salaries was not yet agreed to by the accounting office, they wanted more information. Still, there is a lot of work which needs to be done, including website and reports, until December. Therefore, it is important, that the accounting office already pays the monthly salaries to the project staff now in November.

===Budget===
The budget is quite large and except from the salary for the project staff contains several sub posts, like lump sum salary for students, travel reimbursement, equipment, website programming, conference costs etc. Prof. David Porter offered to design and create a EU and a CN website adhering to the respective policies.

===Personnel===
For the 5 Research Groups, the following heads were suggested:

#Regulation (Comparison) Liu Bai
#Experiences (Comparison) Aline
#Effectiveness of digital tools: David Porter, Ole Döring, Yang Zhiming

Explanation: (How to achieve learning outcomes of teaching in presence also with online or technology-enhanced teaching? Quality measurement.)
#Learning Spaces (Comparison): Jiang Lihua
#ChatGPT/PostEdit (Comparison C-EU): Martin Woesler

===Salary for Project Personnel and Project Members===
There is no monthly salary foreseen in the budget for all participants. But everybody who invests time in the project should be reimbursed. Since the publication of papers is the most important in the project, the project offers to reimburse all Professors and PhD candidates, who publish a paper to be reimbursed for 50 hours (each SCI, SSCI or A&HCI impact paper, corresponds to 1000 Euros for professors and 500 Euros for students), 25 hours (each CSSCI impact paper, corresponds to 500 Euros for professors and 250 Euros for students). Non PhD-Students (but Bachelor- or Master students) who participate, e.g. in the many time consuming tasks like literature review, surveys, field experiments, will be reimbursed with a lump sum per month and will be informed about the expected number of hours they are required to work.

===Credits and Acknowledgments===
Hunan Normal University needs to be mentioned as the affiliated university of both, the 1st and 2nd author. Also, the grant acknowledgement and disclaimer need to be printed with the paper, e.g. as a footnote or endnote. All posters, websites etc. need to display the EU Erasmus + co-funding logo.

===Things to do===
#Prof. Jiang: Please invite Prof. Liu Bai and Prof. Yang Zhiming.
#Prof. Jiang: Dean Situ and the Accounting office may contact you to reconfirm that the first money can be paid from the grant amount received.
#Ole: Please invite Prof. Aline Tedeschi
#Everybody: Please start to read the newest research papers on the topic. The library offers and EBSCO access. Ole can instruct student groups to perform different Systematic Literature Reviews. Languages should be at least Chinese and English. Some research questions should be developed through these literature reviews. Please keep in touch in the WeChat group and exchange your findings.

===Things to do for the project staff===
#Finalize report of old project (this part of the work is NOT paid by the new project) both on the EU platform as well as on the website http://jmchair.eu.
#Organize setting up a Website
#Get the frequent payments running with the accounting office in coordination with the College leadership.
#Conduct systematic literature reviews, develop research questions, surveys, field studies, experiments etc. => results on wiki for everybody to use.
#Set up virtual working space on wiki and invite everybody to join. Publish there all findings.
#Invite everybody to the next meeting next Friday 10 am and collect points for the agenda from the participants.

P.S.: After the meeting, Prof. Jiang invited Prof. Woesler to join the current session of her Colloquium into room 410 (13:00-14:15). There he introduced the project again and offered the PhD candidates to join the project, preferrably assisting the head of research group 4, Prof. Jiang Lihua. PhD candidates are encouraged to join because they can make double use of their research for the project/publications and their thesis. Also, the participation in the project will be certified and can be used in the curriculum vitae for job applications.

==Nov 24, 2023==
Minutes of the second weekly meeting “EU JM Centre of Excellence for Digitalization of University Teaching” Nov 24, 2023, 10:00-11:30 am, HNNU Tenglong Building, room 309

===Protocal: Liu Rong, edited: Martin Woesler===

===Participants===
Prof. Woesler, Prof. Porter, Prof. Ma Nake, PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, "Sari" Cai Xixiu.

===Next Meeting===
Scheduled for Tuesday Nov 29, 16:00 and 18:15 Chinese time room 309. For those who can only attend online: Tencent Meeting:https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/bCQdfgGlezZ1

===Budget and Salary===
For student volunteers the budget provides a total of 4,000 Yuan per month over the range of 3 years. Since there is a higher workload before and during conferences, we will have to be able to assign both salaries (e.g. for Cai Cixiu) and short-term contract salaries (e.g. for conferences). The project staff receives regular payments. The request for first payments has been submitted.

===Things to do===
#Sari: Please conduct a MikeCRM survey. Print the research questionnaire by Prof. Doering, and conduct the survey with the students who participated in the painting event. (When conducting the survey, the respondents’ initials with birth date (like WJG1001) can be used to code them, so that the privacy of respondents can be protected and we can compare and analyze developments.)
#Phd students: Please analyze the survey results of the last EU project, and upload the parts of the final report to the EU website (compare the answers of Prof. Woesler’s with the students’ answer and get the percentage both at the beginning and the end of the semester. If there is a progress, this would be a good result for the report.) Also copy documentation to website jmchair.eu.
#Prof. Porter: Thank you for submitting the first samples for a website. They are under review.
#Everybody: Start reading. Prepare systematic literature reviews on the project topic, develop research questions, surveys, field studies, experiments etc. => results on wiki for everybody to use.

===Next Meeting===
Scheduled for Tuesday Nov 29, 16:00 and 18:15 Chinese time room 309. For those who can only attend online: Tencent Meeting:https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/bCQdfgGlezZ1

==Minutes Nov 28, 2023==

===Participants===
David, Aline, Martin, Duan Yuanyuan, Sari, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong

===Website ===

The new website http://jmcentre.eu is online currently as a copy of http://jmchair.eu. The PhD students have a laptop with which they can edit the website. They will fill in the documentation of the events and courses of the last project on jmcentre.eu and then start to adjust the new website. Later the website might move to a smart phone friendly content management system provided by David Porter, which then should be copied to http://jmcentre.eu

===Literature Review===

David and Alina start reading papers on Digitalization of University Teaching. David will report about a AI question next time.

===Support by University Council President===

The University Council President Prof. Jiang offered his support to our project.

He could host the lecture series.

We will look for EU projects he can apply for.

===Work to be done soon===

PhD candidates: Submit frequent reports on EU platform, e.g. that the website is set up and running.

Everybody: Look for external experts (Chinese and Foreign, out of budget concerns best from within China or if from elsewhere online), which can be invited to a lecture series and a workshop.

===Wiki work platform===
Everybody should document the work (the PhD students also the hours and what work exactly was done during the hours) on http://bou.de/u/wiki/JMCentre

===Next meeting===
Scheduled for Dec 5, 2023, 17:15 in room 309 and on Tencent Meeting.

https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/srf6bMHRBJcN

#腾讯会议：240-505-868

==Next meeting Tue Dec 12, 18:15 http://bit.ly/ZOOMCOURSE, password: course==

==December 5, 2023, 17:15 internal, 18:15 meeting==
We meet in #309 and online on https://meeting.tencent.com/dw/Grwr602gM2k1 #腾讯会议：811-356-704.

===Participants===
David Porter, Ole Döring, Martin Woesler, Duan Yuanyuan, Sari, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong

===Report by David Porter on AI and University Teaching===
Ethical questions towards ChatGPT.

How can I use ChatGPT for teaching in class?

Brainstorming

Writing tradition.

Critical thinking skills, reading habits, writing habits.

Do you think it would be appropriate to use ChatGPT.

How much percentage could be replaced with ChatGPT.

Research literacy.

The students are asked why they are given the tasks.

Complete lack of ethical reasoning.

The human input: Prompting.

Standardized surveys exist for cheating and plagiarizing.

Revalue the understanding of "cheating".

A few years ago, one was

"Is it ok to copy and paste a paragraph for your own paper and claim its yours."

"Is it ok to copy and paste a paragraph to ChatGPT."

Frankensteining assisting parts.

Does it matter that ChatGPT plagiarizes?

Authorship discussion.

===Survey===
Compare impression of the learning effect when watching paper images and painter in comparison to watch images on ppt.

Creativity, you can see the entire process of production and consumption.

===Check on the to dos===
Can we get any PhD candidates from the Colloquium to join?

Have the people mentioned in the Minutes of the Kick-off meeting been invited to join?
===Report on the payments by the accounting department===
The staff has been paid for the first three months. Only Zhouli Ziruo needs to set up an account with the department and can only receive salary starting from January 2024.

To do: Duan Yuanyuan will apply that also Sari gets paid the student volunteer lump sum.

==Minutes for Dec 12, 2023==
Participants: David Porter, Zhouli Ziruo and Martin Woesler, Liu Rong, Sari Cai Zixiu.

===Report by David Porter===
*Scheduling research during the winter break.
*Fri Dec 15, 2023, 12:00 pm Meeting to discuss survey with David and Ole. Invitation: Sari, Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, Benjamin Wellsand. David will send a reminder in beforehand.

===Report by Martin Woesler===
Personnel: Benjamin Wellsand will replace Zhouli Ziruo among the three PhD students.

Waiting for payment by accounting department.

EU ratified the AI Ethics law. Cf. to UN resolution.

Martin will add information and put the links here.

===Report by Martin Woesler on Grants for going to a French university as a visiting professor, chair professors===
For now, I recommend to already check out the grants to prepare a good application. Regarding the chair professor or visiting scholar programs for foreign professors in France, there are the following mostly financed by the EU, sometimes together with the French Ministry of Science (I have indicated all weblinks):

1. Chair Program with Universities and Grand Ecoles

In addition to receiving visiting professors or researchers, many French universities and Grandes Ecoles have chair programmes to welcome researchers from around the world. These programmes are usually designed for specific scientific problems and last for a limited time. The Collège de France in particular has developed a programme of excellence in which many chairs are reserved for foreign researchers or professors. www.college-de-france.fr.

2. Chair Programs with Research Establishments

Further, there are corporate chairs that enable foreign researchers to work with a company and research establishment for up to 2 years. This programme is financed by the French National Research Agency.
http://www.agence-nationale-recherche.fr/suivi-bilan/historique-des-appels-a-projets/appel-detail1/chaires-industrielles-2017/

3. Visiting Professors

3.1 the RFIEA (Réseau Français des Instituts d’Etudes Avancées French Network of Institutes of Advanced Studies): http://rfiea.fr/;

3.2 The University of Paris 1 PanthéonSorbonne: https://www.univparis1.fr/international/enseignants-chercheurs-invites/venir-comme-professeur-invite/;

3.3 the University of ParisSaclay, with the Alembert programme: https://www.universiteparis-saclay.fr/fr/recherche/appel-projet/jean-dalembert;

3.4 AixMarseille University https://amidex.univamu.fr/fr/notre-projet;

3.5 the University of Paris 13: https://www.univ-paris13.fr/professeurs-invites/;

3.6 the UPMC: http://www.upmc.fr/fr/international/mobilite_des_chercheurs.html.

4. If he wants to go with a research team:

Experienced researchers may request funding for their research team from the European Research Council (ERC).

4.1 A Consolidator Grant https://erc.europa.eu/funding/consolidator-grants or

4.2 Advanced Grant https://erc.europa.eu/funding/advanced-grants can finance all or part of your stay, as well as that of your team, for up to 5 years. These grants can reach 2.5 million euros.

===Tasks for next week===
Everybody should read a few papers on use of digital technology and/or AI for university teaching and related topics.

Until the end of the year, we should also collect the names of some experts, we want to invite to our lecture series.

==Meeting Dec 19, 2023==
Dec 19, 2023 18:15 Chinese time online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09

====Participants====
Liu Rong, Cai Cixiu, Martin Woesler, David Porter by WeChat text message

====Approaching Deadlines====
We have to report with the continuous reporting until Dec 31, 2023 if Deliverable 1.1, to setup a website, has been fulfilled. Martin Woesler will report this (the website has been set up unter the url http://jmcentre.eu).

====Tasks for researchers and staff====
All of us invite identify foreign experts and the meeting will decide who is going to be invited and then the person having suggested the expert should also reach out to them to ask if they would join for a lecture in our lecture series or even more (like cooperating in one of the research groups).
=====Prof. Luis Cordeiro-Rodrigues, Hunan University=====
Suggested by David Porter.
====Tasks for staff====
Task for the staff: Please write down all deadlines, so that you can make sure, that the reports are written in time and the deliverables are fulfilled before the end of the deadlines.

*Dec 31, 2023. D1.1 Website WP1 1 - HUNNU DEC —Websites, patent filings, videos, etc PU - Public 3
*Oct 1, 2024. D1.2 International Conference presentation WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 12
*Jul 1, 2025. D1.3 Presentation of Anthology in English WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 21
*Oct 1, 2025 D1.4 Conference presentation with German external partner university WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 24
*Jul 1, 2025 D1.5 Presentation of Anthology in Chinese WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 33
*Sep 30, 2025 D1.6 Presentation on Conference WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 36

====Staff hour documentation====
Reminder: Please all staff members (Liu Rong, Duan Yuanyuan, Zhouli Ziruo, Benjamin Wellsand) and external staff members paid from other funds (You Tianwei) please remember to document your working hours above: [[JMCentre#PhD_and_volunteer_student_staff_work_hour_documentation]].

====Salary====
Duan Yuanyuan will ask the accounting department to pay the salary for December. This time, also Zhouli Ziruo, Cai Cixiu and Benjamin Wellsand should be added with their bank connections.

====Tasks for everybody for the winter break====
#Hard work between Dec 27-Jan 8 for those who do not go on Xmas holiday.
#Find and read papers, prepare research questions.
#Identify external experts we can invite to our lecture series.
#All staff hours (also earlier ones) are documented NOW on our website.
#Duan Yuanyuan adds bank connections of the missing three assistants to the accounting department.
#Find fitting standard surveys we can use, use them and publish a paper on the results.
#Martin Woesler will send David Porter a task list for website-related issues.
#Martin Woesler improves final report of old project and reports website http://jmcentre.eu to EU, deadline Dec 31, 2023. The PL has already contacted EU and send a draft, waits for approval to submit the report within the next days.
#Every staff member helps with technical work of paper submissions, transcriptions, translations, marketing/dissemination, website improvements etc. as asked for by the project leader.

====Next Meeting: Jan 9, 2024====
==Meeting Jan 9, 2024 18:15 Chinese time (11:15 European time)==

We meet both in person in office #309 and online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09

Everybody please prepare a 1 minute input what you found out so far from the literature, about experts we can invite and what you want to conduct research on.

===Input by David Porter===
Pardon any typos. As mentioned last time I would recommend we invite Prof. Luis Cordeiro-Rodrigues from Hunan University as he has experience with AI and ethics and is ‘right next door’ so to speak. I am happy to reach out to him but I think it would be good to have a formal CFP or fixed plan so that I can explain exactly what we would be invited for and when.

If invited speakers don’t have to be university-affiliated academics I would recommend Matt Sheehan (matt.sheehan@ceip.org) who is a fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, a journal and involved with various think-tanks relating to global technology (including China - he is supposed to be fluent in Chinese). Zhu Junhua (junzhu@utu.fi https://www.utu.fi/en/people/junhua-zhu ) is a doctoral student at University of Turku, and so still an early career scholar but is doing work on AI governance and ethics who might be someone who can bridge the Europe-China divide. We all come across a lot of names, so it might be good to have a more settled idea of what our conference might focus on more narrowly?

I want to focus on AI and university teaching with a comparative focus on Europe and China. Even in the past few years there are thousands of relevant articles but I will focus on a few more specific and nuanced research goals in the next couple months. It will likely relate to the adoption of AI in educational institutions in both regions during and post-COVID, impact of AI on student engagement, and overall learning outcomes but I want to tie into ethical considerations. Can put this crudely:
1) How extensively is AI tech currently integrated into university teaching in Europe and China?
2) How do educators perceive and navigate the associated challenges with AI and their teaching practices? (ethics here).
3) What is the impact of AI on outcomes: academic performance, yes, but also student engagement and real learning outcomes (not just bullshit test scores) in European and Chinese universities?
4) What about institutional, cultural or contextual differences that shape the adoption and impact of AI in university teaching between Europe and China?

I am still working on Literature Review and narrowing down what lit to review since comprehensiveness is impossible/obsolete the day after it is done. I want to work this into something of a comparative analysis between Europe and China in terms of AI adoption and its impact on university teaching (not exactly that but something like that). Before next semester I want to have a tangible plan for some surveys to gather qualitative and quantitative data. I have a timeline to do the preliminary work by March and serious development for something that can be submitted for publication next Fall (optimistically October, absit omen).

====List of experts to invite for lecture series====
====Recommendations by David Porter====
*Prof. Luis Cordeiro-Rodrigues, Hunan University, has experience with AI and ethics and is ‘right next door’ so to speak. I am happy to reach out to him but I think it would be good to have a formal CFP or fixed plan so that I can explain exactly what we would be invited for and when.
*Matt Sheehan (matt.sheehan@ceip.org) fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, a journal and involved with various think-tanks relating to global technology (including China - he is supposed to be fluent in Chinese)
*Zhu Junhua (junzhu@utu.fi https://www.utu.fi/en/people/junhua-zhu )
=====Recommendations by Cai=====
*Prof. Hu Xiaoyong, Huanan Daxue (South China University) more than 100 articles on Application of Artificial Intelligent Education, Teaching from the perspective of AI, teacher intelligent education, hosted research projects

====Draft of Call for papers - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====

====Collection of Ideas what to do in the project - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====

====Ideas for surveys - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====

====Ideas for the conference on July 20-22 - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====
July 20 Lectures in Poznan

July 21 Lectures in Poznan

July 22 morning: conference bus drives us from Poznan to Prague

July 22 morning: Young Scholars' Conference (all student assistants in the project should give 1 presentation)

July 22 afternoon: final sessions with one panel on our project "Digitalization of University Teaching" (online participation from our conference room in Changsha provided)

====Ideas for more structural work and plans - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====

===Next Meeting Jan 16, 2024 18:15 Chinese time (11:15 European time)===
Next meeting is scheduled for Jan 16, 2024 18:15 Chinese time online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09

==Meeting Jan 16, 2024, 18:15 Chinese time (11:15 European time)==
===Report on Final Report last JM project===
===Report on Report on deliverable 1.1 „Website“ due December 2024===

==Deadline Oct 1, 2024 Conference==
D1.2 International Conference presentation WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 12
==Deadline Jul 1, 2025 Anthology==
D1.3 Presentation of Anthology in English WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 21
==Deadline Oct 1, 2025 Conference==
D1.4 Conference presentation with German external partner university WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 24
==Deadline Jul 1, 2025 Anthology==
D1.5 Presentation of Anthology in Chinese WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 33
==Deadline Sep 30, 2025 Conference==
D1.6 Presentation on Conference WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 36

=PREPARATION OF WACS 8 2024 in Poznan/Athens/Changsha=

Ideas to professionalize our annual conference and to win more people to participate
#we only recommend a conference hotel with a conference discount, but the participants book directly with the hotel. This helps us to lower the conference fees to maybe 190€. Also, we only accept international bank payment directly to the association‘s account.
#We should send a flyer to us universities in order to get some PhD candidates, who can present part of their Thesis. And of course scholars as a main target group.
#Last time we also improved: double blind peer review,
# issuing travel stipends,
#awards in different categories,
#chairs and discussants for all panels,
#hybrid format.

With budget cut over the years, except for the few very well-endowed private univs, in the US, most professors only have 1 trip paid. They will choose the most relevant and established one or two. Graduate students basically pay for themselves, so they only go to AAS and/or AAS Regional conferences.

With zoom, you have more flexibility.

Dan's perspectives are from those in linguistics, a much smaller group than the scope WACS advertises.

1. As a very young asso., even with high level and strong backing, you cannot compete with the established ones.

2. Your initial vision seemed to be a platform to bring in prc sinologists who don't work with the Eng lang.

3. But you also include Eng lang papers.

4. The last few years show that W European & N Am scholars are not attracted to the conference.

A) Some feedback seems to be this is a crazy group of people, a nicer way of saying they are unprofessional and disorganised.

B) The dates may be a part of it but less critical than the messiness.

5) So two issues:

A) the volume and national variety of participants; and

B) the asso's administration of the conferences.

6) Possible remedies:

A) you need a systematic way of proactively reaching out to universities and colleges all over the world, by sending the departments information about the coming year's conference & links, etc.

You have to do this every year. Your conference's scope covers culture, history, ling., lit, phil, pol sci, etc., so to each of these departments, a notice could be sent.

You can do so with a master list by approaching a certain number in each continent the first year, then adding a few more for that country the next year, and so on.

You can even target specific regions/ continents in different years. You are in Eastern Europe, it's a good time to get them to participate. Maybe alongside, this year, it is SE Asia. (Next year, it could be S. Am & Australia as specific targets.)

B) The asso's org: herein lies the foundation of the problem. Until you look hard into it and take serious steps to overhaul it, putting in place functional committees with members who put in time and energy to administer and operate the asso., hence the conference as well, even if (A) is successful one year, it will evaporate in a handful of years.

7) In short, it is necessary to prioritise the structural/ organisational reform in administration & operation, before the change of dates.

8) Since changing the dates in a big way may not bring in many more new participants, you may want to hold it off.

A) You may want to have someone to do a quick research to see when, e.g. Asia & SE Asia is most unlikely to attend a conf, then when in S Am, etc., and the reasons. You get an overview, then you decide.

=FROM HERE ON, THIS IS THE WEBSITE OF THE OLD JEAN MONNET CHAIR PROJECT - General Status=
*Spend the remaining JMC funds: We need to document the JMC activities (add Fan Ni's, current courses, current meetings) in a file, publish it on our website and apply for reimbursement
*Prepare Dec 6, 2022 Donation campaign http://bou.de/fanyi.html
*Prepare Mar, 1, 2023 JMC application 2023-2026
*Prepare August 31, 2023 JMC report

=Conferences=
*Conference August 12-14: Prepare Proceedings

==Editing of Journal Hanxue 2018-2023==
*ISSN received
*Each issue needs to be finalized and then submitted to proof reader

Please write here the status and the person in charge of the following issues. Please especially mention if the papers are complete or for how many papers we are still waiting for the revised version
* Oct 14 漢學 1 (2018) => submission to US ISSN centre, adding information on journals.php
* Oct 14 漢學 2 (2019)
* Oct 14 漢學 3 (2020)
* Oct 14 漢學 4 (2021)
* Oct 14 漢學 5 (2022)

===Paper Published and Resubmitted===
作者、名称、发表情况、收到情况、新文章名称

*''1. 潘銘基 Poon Ming Kay 班固《漢書》的經學意義與《春秋》筆法——兼論《漢書》的傳授與讀法已发表已收到《略論傳統儒家文化與聯合國永續發展目標》''

*'''2. 鄭煒明、陳玉瑩上博簡《訟成》（原題《容成氏》）篇與先秦墨家的談辯和說書已发表无'''

*'''3. 王棕琦Wong Tsung Kei 《文子．道德》篇章結構考論——兼論今本《文子》據古本《文本》改易《淮南》原文的情況已发表无'''

*''4. 伍亭因《孔叢子-詰墨》成篇問題芻議（补充）未发表已收到''

*''5. 朱惠国论辛弃疾二十四首《临江仙》的体式及其词谱学意义已发表已收到《论<永遇乐>的声律特征及后世影响》''

*''6. 周能俊 “嘉禾”符瑞对元魏政治的影响——以北魏承明元年的齐州“嘉禾”事件为例已发表已收到《唐大中初年道教瑞应与国家政治的互动》''

*7. 黃啟深《勵忠節鈔》引《世說新語》考論部分发表修改中

*'''8. 趙望秦Wang-qin Zhao 透過文化記憶視窗看“史漢優劣”的演變已发表无（关于中韩文化方面的内容找不到）'''

*''9. 位灵芝红楼梦精雅生活——从贾宝玉说起未发表已收到''

*''10. 陈洁论《新青年》编辑权的改变对其分化的影响已发表已收到《鲁迅与新潮社》''

*''11. Shang, Yuchen 尚昱辰虚构与真实——晚明戏曲中情鬼戏的审美意涵未发表已收到''

*''12. 曹波贝克特《庸女梦》中的中国音乐：改写与误读未发表已收到''

*'''13. 梁世和尋求化解文明衝突之道——一行禪師「入世佛教」思想探析已发表已收到《南人北学陆陇其》投明年的其他会议集'''

*'''14. 曾秀萍（日）常與非常：跨越陰陽的臺灣同志/酷兒影像已发表无'''

*''15. 洪淑苓從｢父母國」出走——安琪詩中的空間經驗與女性主體建構（补充）未发表已收到''

1-15篇（何君负责收集联系，15位作者中，9位的文章已发表，其中4位表示此次不提供其他文章，1位表示新论文改投到明年的其他论文集中，已收到文章10篇，其中4篇为新文章，待审核，另有1篇正在修改中）

*16.

*17.吴双中日“水浒豪杰"的绘画形象比较
未发表修改中，本周内提交

*40张惠經典西扦之文化再塑——現代英文劇本《大觀園》之哲學與國族新面相已发表新稿件目前正在修改格式

*42陳惠齡台灣新竹寺廟、詩僧與地景所體現的地方文化空間性已发表不提供新文章

*46于宏古體漢語詩歌翻譯管闚未发表稿件修改中

==Internal Search for Reviewer from the field of Translation into German==
* June 15 Find people, contact - Martin Woesler

==Payment of Research Assistants==
* June 10 Duan Yuanyuan - please update progress here incl. reimbursement of travel costs

==Translation projects in general==
[[Book_projects]]

==Translation projects for Foreign Languages Press==
Completed by June 12
* June 6 Wisdom final proof reading 66%
* June 8 Poverty final proof reading 0%

==Translation projects for CCTSS==
* Check raw translation [[Chinesisches Kulturlexikon]] Wörterbuch Dictionary

==Own translation projects==
* June 15 HLM 4th edition

==CFP, TOC==
* June 13 Upgrade EJS 2 (2019)

==Major research project for Lueneburg==
* June 10 review Martin Woesler

==Grading of old courses==
* June 20 Martin Woesler

==Establishing standards for current papers MA Classics, MA Lang&Cult, BA Cult==
* June 15 Send standards to students

==Papers==
*[[Grading system in China]] submitted to David Martin MAY 3, 2022, now: publish
*[[Interculturality in HLM]] submitted to 2nd reviewer in USA, get back on Thursday => submit to Routledge

==CLEARED: Interviews==
* June 10 [[2022 Interview by Lou Kang]] 娄康
* June 19 [[2022 Interview by Xinhua She]]
* Published May 30, 2022: [[Interview by Wan Shuyuan 2022]]

=Imminant tasks=
*We update the website almost daily http://jmchair.eu/en/ and http://jmchair.eu/cn/ '''Liao Shiyun & Li Xin''': updates events incl. photos (参考 http://jmchair.eu/en/impressum.php), split into smaller pages http://jmchair.eu/en/participation.php; Write new: http://jmchair.eu/en/euprog.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/network.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/comparison.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/teaching.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/links.php. Martin Woesler: add new surveys into http://jmchair.eu/en/surveys.php.
*Liu Rong: We work on an '''official WeChat channel''' 微信公众号 and will post the activities there
*HX: 2018 7 Western-Chinese Cultural Studies I, 2019 7 Western-Chinese Cultural Studies II, 2020 6 drama, 2021 9 poetry, 2022 7 classics, 2023 7 literary histories, 2024 6 Religion and Philosophy. 在头里《汉学》1 (2018)。英文里面书要italic写，doi号码不对，应该是DOI:10.12906/9781682025215_002。总共的字体要大一点，因为很多人在屏幕上看。大家注意一下：doi 是这样算出来的：DOI:10.12906/97816820252 这一部分每一次都一样，然后1（2018）加“15_001”（封面和目录）、加“15_002”（第一篇）、加“15_003”（第二篇）、加“15_004”（第三篇）等等。2（2019）加“22_001”、“22_002”、“22_003”、“22_004”等等，3（2020）加“39_001”、“39_002”、“39_003”、“39_004”等等，4（2021）加“46_001”、“46_002”、“46_003”、“46_004”等等，5（2022）加“53_001”、“53_002”、“53_003”、“53_004”等等，6（2023）加“60_001”、“60_002”、“60_003”、“60_004”等等，7（2024）加“77_001”、“77_002”、“77_003”、“77_004”等等，8（2025）加“84_001”、“84_002”、“84_003”、“84_004”等等，9（2026）加“91_001”、“91_002”、“91_003”、“91_004”等等。
*EJS: Martin: EJCS 2019 update page numbers => publish, TOC; CFP. We need to publish TOC and CFP for EJS, EJCS, and HX
*We need to submit papers on Lu Xun, web literature to MCLC, grading system, and Chinoisérie to A&HCI journal of ancient China
*We need to write a larger anthology of research results
*We need to write [[Book_projects|several books]], one is the [[History of Chinese Studies]], another one the [[Appropriateness Theory Book]].
*Connect with German Literature / Translation colleague: joint research
*Work on 4th edition of Honglou meng: Check illustrations with Zhang Hui

==Wait for feedback==
*Sven Kramer from Leuphana University
*New papers from Zhang Hui, Yu Hong, Hong Shu-ling

=We need to keep reminding=
*Lihua Jiang helps to solve the following problems: JM grant (the first amount has to be paid to the participating teachers), Seed grant (will reimburse flight costs and student assistants' salaries), admission of international student Markus Mueller to PhD program, admission of Olha Woesler to BA program to collect more certificates for teaching at FSC
=Successfully completed tasks=
*We have submitted the [[Interview by Wan Shuyuan 2022]], it got more than 1 million readers and was republished on several platforms including the website of the Chinese Embassy in Germany
*The JM budget of 40.000 Euros was moved from "Research" to "Education" 教务处 and paid to the participating teachers. Now we need to provide evidence for more teachings so that the remaining 10.000 Euros and 16.667 Euros matching funds from the university can be spent and 10,000 Euros will be reimbursed upon delivery of the report. Contact person: WeChat ID chiryhuo 霍丽 Lei Li，传神湖南高校的联系人 (Aim: Get the funds assigned to Martin Woesler, then paid to the participating teachers)

=Staff tasks=
==Martin Woesler==
*Send everyone a sample of the journal and the vetting (review) of the Chinese essays.
*Prepare 2 MOOC contents and produce films
==Duan Yuanyuan==
'''Funds Management'''
*Submit a new Seed Grant 启动资金 to Administration: So in the new budget, we should have maybe 55.000 Yuan travel and (quarantine) hotel cost, 10.000 Yuan office 309 和 415 设备 (比如冰箱、饮水机), 30.000 Yuan salary for assistants, 5.000 Yuan budget for books and decoration (statues, paintings) we buy for the two walls and bookshelfs in both offices. If it is not possible to buy fridge etc. from it, we can plan this money differently. I am afraid we will spend all the money totally soon. Therefore, I will have to apply for a second budget maybe for 2023. I don't know if they grant me a second budget.
*The EU Grant requires to spend 67.000 Euros first, submit spending receipts and then apply for reimbursement of remaining 10.000 Euros. This means that the university has to release the 40.000 Euros now, is ready to spend the remaining 27.000 Euros then and get reimbursed only 10.000 Euros later.
*Read into the technical requirements of managing EU funds, this includes registering on web sites, filling out forms, submitting information and requesting fundings, controlling the funds arriving at the HUNNU account, forwarding it to the recipients at HUNNU, coordinating with financial department of HUNNU.
==Liao Shiyun 廖诗韵==
*Translates Chinese website http://jmchair.eu/cn/centre.php (网页第七部分（国际汉学中心））

Create [[Description of the Centre]] for the College Website https://fsc.hunnu.edu.cn/info/1148/4103.htm

==Zhu Meimei 祝美梅==
*List all the activities on the 6 part of the website (第六部分课程资源那一块还需要一位同学帮忙添加一些课程和活动内容（应该可以参考维基网站的课程内容）)
==Li Xin==
*Write Introduction to Centre for official FSC website 需要请一位同学帮忙充实第七部分（国际汉学中心）简介部分，可参考https://fsc.hunnu.edu.cn/info/1148/4103.htm。（李欣）
==Please add names and work report of further staff==
=Tasks sorted by topics=
=Course Enrichment Grant（Liao Shiyun）=
*Collecting contents and work proofs from the different participants of the "Course Enrichment Grant", bringing it into a representative form, uploading it on the Jean Monnet website and managing the EU Studies material database online. LIAO Shiyun (also Wiki Admin Classics course)
*Martin please remember to send the profiles to Liao Shiyun
*Activities

Teacher 课程course title 2020winter 2021summer 2021winter 2022spring Spalte1 SUMME

Jean Monnet Work Meeting (with Martin Woesler, Margaret Chu, Martin Warnke, add date and time)

Margaret Chu Lecture (here we also need to make sure that honorarium and travel reimbursement from College is paid, we need to add date and topic)

Martin Warnke Lecture (here we also need to make sure that honorarium and travel reimbursement from College is paid, we need to add date and topic)

Martin Woesler Foundation of Chinese Culture 24 32 32 88 7040

Martin Woesler Introduction to Translation Studies 24 32 56 4480

Martin Woesler Chinese Languages and Cultures 24 32 56 4480

Martin Woesler Chinese Classics Translation 32 32 2560

Martin Woesler German Phonetics 32 32 2560

Martin Woesler MOOC CompLit 1 3 4 320

Martin Woesler Colloquium 1 1 80

Jia Yanfang 《计算机辅助翻译》 24 32 56 4480

Deng Yurong College English 40 48 32 120 9600

Luo Fang 法语口译实务 24 24 1920

Ole Doering and Cord Eberspächer English Translations of Chinese Classics 34 34 2720

Fan Ni 德语（三） 32 32 2560

Lars Nowak Deutsch Hören und Sprechen (2) 32 32 2560

192 211 64 100 567 45360

15360 16880 5120 8000 45360

'''Euro-China Dialogues by Martin Woesler'''

Cross-Universities Tea Chat on International Women's Day with a lecture from the European perspective on systemic problems to implement total equality, Western Cafe
与几大高校人员于国际妇女节当日共同讨论了从欧洲角度看待实现完全平等这一话题。

Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102
与30名英语母语者本科生在专家楼1栋102开展野餐以及户外烧烤活动，同时共同讨论了有关欧洲联盟的政体，演变历史，发展前景等相关内容。

Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 20 MA students, Expert Building 1-102
与20名英语母语者研究生在专家楼1栋102开展野餐以及户外烧烤活动，同时探讨了中欧考试制度，教育理念，教育方式的异同等相关话题。

German Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102
与30名本科生在专家楼1栋102开展德式野餐以及户外烧烤活动，并探讨了中欧文化在双方地域的接受度问题。

Colloquium with Jiang Lihua: European perspective on marketing films for Chinese cities, room
吴教授与“语言智能与跨文化传播研究小组”在湖南师范大学外国语学院601教室举办了线下读书分享会，主题为“形象学视角下国家外宣形象的建构”，会议语言为英语。与会学生畅所欲言，就本次主题展开热烈讨论，均收益颇丰。

Dec 13, 2019 19:00-21:00 Warnke, lecture

Dec 14, 2019 14:00-16:00 Warnke, colloquium

Dec 16, 2019 19:00-21:00 Chu, lecture

Mar 6, 15:00-19:00 JM Dialogue: European Woman's Day, with Multinational Circle, Shiguang Zhongxi Canting

吴漠汀教授开展了主题为“欧洲的妇女节”的会谈。

Mar 8 1st JM Volunteer-Meeting with 6 MA and PhD students, contribution on European Grants, 309

2022年3月8日14：00-16：00，国际汉学中心的6名硕士和博士志愿者在湖南师范大学外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了让·莫内志愿者会议第一次会议。吴漠汀教授向各志愿者们介绍了国际汉学中心的情况和让·莫内项目，商讨了欧盟让·莫内项目基金相关事宜，并给志愿者们分配了近期工作内容。

Thurs. Mar 10 Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102

Fri. Mar 11 18:30-23:00 Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 20 MA students, Expert Building 1-102

Tue. Mar 15 German Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102

Mar 16 2nd JM Volunteer-Meeting with 6 MA and PhD students, contribution on European politics, 309

2022年3月16日15：00-17：00，国际汉学中心的6名硕士和博士志愿者在湖南师范大学外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了让·莫内志愿者会议第一次会议。吴漠汀教授与各志愿者共同探讨了中欧政治体系的异同。

Thu Mar 17, Lecture by Martin Woesler on Tourism 读书分享会, 601, Marketing: Gongzhonghao

Mo Mar 21, 11:00-12:30 JM Lunch: European unification

2022年3月21日，11：00-12：30，吴漠汀教授与五名志愿者在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅聚餐，开展了主题为“欧洲一体化”的讨论，与会学生畅所欲言，积极分享自己的观点，大家均收益颇丰。

Wed Mar 23, 11:00-14:45 JM Lunch: European unification with 5 MA and PhD students

Mo Mar 26, 19:00-21:15 JM Chats: European foreign policy

Tu Apr.12, 11:50-14:20 JM Work Report at Jiayuan Restaurant and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了工作会议，志愿者们就近期所做工作进行了工作汇报，吴教授分别对各志愿者的工作给予了评价，并对未来的工作进行了分配。

Sun Apr 17, 14:30-19:00 JM Dialogue: Eastern in Europe, Multinational Circle, Fly Cafe, Jiayuan Western Cafe

Tu Apr 19, 11:00-15:00 JM Dialogue: Webliterature at Jiayuan Western Cafe and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室与志愿者们开展了讨论会议。会议主题为“网络文学”。此次会议详细讨论了“网络文学”近几年在中国的发展历程。

Wed Apr 20, 11:00-15:00 JM Dialogue: Webliterature 2 at Jiayuan Restaurant and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室与志愿者们开展了讨论会议。会议主题为“网络文学”。此次会议详细讨论了“网络文学”的类型，以及在国外的接受度。

Sat Apr 23, 9:00-16:00 JM Culture Exchange: Shadow Play in China and Europe, Hunan Yuhua feiyi guan

湖南师范大学特聘教授、博导、国际汉学中心主任吴漠汀来到湖南雨花非遗馆，与长沙何氏皮影戏第四代传承人何怀玉进行了深入交流。

Wed Apr 27, 11:00-15:00 Preparation of Fundraising Event "Chinese-European Friendship"

吴漠汀教授在木兰食堂和腾龙楼309召开了会议，向志愿者们介绍了“中欧友谊”项目资金筹集活动，并为这个即将到来的活动做了一系列准备工作。

Thu Apr 28, 18:00-21:00 Fundraising Event "Chinese-European Friendship", collected 20,450 Euros from Europe to support 7 China-related projects

吴漠汀教授与志愿者们参与了“中欧友谊”项目资金筹集活动，此次活动从欧洲筹集到了共20450欧元的资金，帮助了7个与中国相关的项目。

Fre Apr 29, 9:00-12:00 Classics Translation and Appreciation, Frontiers in Literature Translation and Chinese Literature Goes Abroad - from the European perspective, MOOC production, Hunan Normal University Shanlou 善楼 6th floor, room 413

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学至善楼进行了MOOC的录制，课程主题为“典籍翻译和赏析、文学翻译前沿和从欧洲视角看中国文学走出去”。

Wed May 4, 11:00-14:00 JM Work: Set up a European Library at Jiayuan Western Cafe and 309

吴漠汀教授带领志愿者们，将办公室内有关欧洲的书籍按照其类别进行分类，分成了哲学、历史、文学三大类，并建立了自己的电子图书馆，欢迎全校师生来国际汉学中心借阅图书。

May 17, 6:30-9:30 pm Jean Monnet Activity: Yearplanning for Multinational Circle, Martin Woesler joins Marketing and Event Planning groups as "Multinational Circle Ambassador". at X-Handsome Pizza Restaurant, Xinminlu.

吴漠汀教授给国际留学生介绍中国文化。

Wed May 18, 11:30- JM Hanxue literary work at Jiayuan Western Cafe and office 309

吴漠汀教授带领志愿者们整理了国际汉学论坛的论文，帮助编撰汉学期刊杂志，并为即将到来的学术讲座做准备。

Thurs May 19, 19:30-21:00 Lecture by Warnke at 613

Sat May 21, 10:00- JM editing work

吴教授请来了黄渊基先生来指导志愿者们进行汉学期刊杂志的相关工作。

Wed May 25, 11:00-14:30 - JM editing work

吴教授和志愿者们进行了汉学期刊的相关工作，并布置了近期JM网站的任务。

Sat May 28, 11:00- 14：30 -JM editing work

吴教授和黄渊基编辑进一步指导志愿者们进行汉学期刊的相关工作

Sat May 28, 19:00-22:30

Wed June 8,

Wed Nov 2, 12:00-13:30 Preparation of Donation campaign

=Research and Grant Writing=
==Assistant Li Ying==
Collecting information about available continuation of the funding or similar funding, preparing new application letters for funding based on the existing successful letters. 李穎

Deadline Nov 2022-Feb 2023? Prepare next JM-Chair application.

Helen updates information and adds links.

==Assistant Helen He Jun==
===Grant: 让莫内主席教授2020-2023(received)===

*How to spend grant
*How to ask for remaining grant

===Grant: 岳麓山大学科技城 (start: now, deadline: April 30, 2022)===
*[[Yuelu Mountain Universities Science City 2022]]
*Contact with translation company is established

===Grant: 让莫内讲席教授2023-2026 (start: Nov 25, 2022, deadline: March 1, 2023)===
[[JM Application 2023]]

[[JM Application Websites]]

===Grant: Web literature===
[[Web Literature 2022]]

===Grant: 111===
===Honorary Doctorates' Awards===
Check with Dean Zeng Yanyu and Ministry of Education
====Harald Holz, philosopher, novelist and poet====
====Matthias Kettner, philosopher====
====Martin Warnke, media studies====
===Cooperation with Humboldt Center===
===Further possible grants from Germany, EU and China===

=Networking=
Connecting to other Jean Monnet Chairs and to the Centre in Brussels to network with other Centres and to coordinate joint database and initiatives including the current survey among JM Chairs. Gabrielle 黎溢佳

=Campus Communication=
Keeping up communication within the university to further spread the information about the program, recruit further teachers to get a share of the funding, coordinate with University press department to achieve high publicity and documentation of the work including the documentation for the final report which is due September 2023. Li Xin 李欣

The publicity plan for teachers has been submitted and is being publicized

The plan of monthly lectures has been approved and will be arranged one by one after the theme of each month is determined

=Activities Coordination=
Planning and conducting representative activities, including issuing the EU Studies Expert certificates in coordination with the university administration, sign-revealing ceremonies, setting up EU funded PhD scholarships, setting up small events like awarding honorary PhD to senior European scholars (have to be retired in Europe, can be up to 90 years old, e.g. Harald Holz) with high publicity. Design and estimate costs for hanging up metal signs with Erasmus+ and EU logo, logo for the Center, the Multilevel Center, BMBF, Translation Workshop, European Academy as well as a sign for an existing campaign "We don't take presents."

=Deadlines=
*April 30, 2022, start now - 岳麓山大学科技城
*March 1, 2023, start: Nov. 25, 2022 - 让莫内讲席教授2023-2026
*April 30, 2022，redistribution start: May 1, 2022 - 岳麓科技城人才服务卡

=Publishing - Susan Chu 祝美梅=
Formatting and copy editing English contents for publication

'''Professor please remember to send her brief introduction of the journals and further materials.'''

MCLC; Textbooks; HLM 4; Complete Works of Lu Xun; EJS; EJSin; Interviews

Martin please remember to send Susan the related profiles.

==TOCs and CFPs==
Dear Susan, please formulate TOCs and CFPs for the following journal issues. I will then publish a TOC and a CFP every other week with MCLC blog, Sinology Facebook Group and H-NET Asia mailinglist:
*Please check the existing TOCs and CFPs on the H-Asia website.

===TOC European Journal of Sinology 10 (2019)===

The European Journal of Sinology (EJSin) is an independent journal on ancient and premodern China, founded in 2010. All EJSin issues including paper titles, abstracts and references can be accessed on http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php.

Due to the professionalization of its double blind peer review process, its copy editing process and its setting up of an ip range campus license system, the EJSin issues have been delayed since 2019. Currently, EJSin catches up by publishing its annual issues every half year.

*Ancient and Modern Practical Ethics of Humanity: Concrete Humanity from Mencius to Schweitzer

''Lenk, Hans'' pp. 7-27
*Figurism and Ideological Colonialism

''Holz, Harald'' pp. 28-32
*The Silk Road: Connections and Interactions between Chinese and European Philosophy
China as Inspiration for European Thinkers

''an der Heiden, Uwe'' pp. 33-51
*Past, Present & Future: Storytelling, Recitation and Repetition in Popular Education in the Yang Zheng Lei Bian

''Chu, Margaret'' pp. 52-94
*Things Unspoken in the Red Chamber Dreams

''Woesler, Martin'' pp. 95-111

http://universitypress.eu/9783865152978_005.pdf

Contact for contributions, purchase and subscriptions of online and paper issues: journals@universitypress.eu

'''Task for Susan'''

Please adjust the TOCs so that they look more like the following:

TOC: Chinese Literature, Essays Articles Reviews (CLEAR) v. 43 (2021)

CHINESE LITERATURE: ESSAYS ARTICLES REVIEWS

CONTENTS Volume 43 (Dec. 2021)

EDITORIAL

NECROLOGY
Eugene Chen Eoyang, 1939-2021

ESSAYS AND ARTICLES

Rebecca DORAN, “Clothing and Ways of Dressing as Narrative Motifs in Shishuo xinyu”

MEI Chun, “High-Brow Literature: Physiognomy and Scholar-Beauty Romance”

Yingying HUANG, “Nüxia and Footbinding: Forging the Female Knight-Errant”

GONG Haomin, “A World Without Enemies: Revenge, Sacrifice, and Redemption in Chen Kaige’s Adaptation of The Orphan of Zhao”

SPECIAL ISSUE ON YANG MU

Michelle YEH, “A Tribute to Yang Mu”

Yu-yu CHENG, “A Ceaseless Generative Structure: Yang Mu’s Views on Early Chinese Classical Literature”

Cheng-chung LIU, “Absorbed in Thought, Seeking all Around: Yang Mu’s Prose and Chinese and Western Literary Traditions”

Haun SAUSSY, “Yang Mu’s Poetic Returns”

Yueqin ZHAI, “The Tragic Spirit of the East: The ‘Drama of Sounds’ in Yang Mu’s Poems”

Joseph R. ALLEN, “As Always, Yang Mu: A Relationship of Letters”

REVIEWS OF BOOKS

Further details at: https://clear.wisc.edu

Categories: Announcement

Keywords: announcement, Chinese literature, Journal ToC

The European Journal of Chinese Studies (EJCS) is an independent journal on modern and contemporary China, founded in 2018. All issues including paper titles, abstracts and references can be accessed on http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php.

Due to the professionalization of its double blind peer review process, its copy editing process and its setting up of an ip range campus license system, the EJCS issues have been delayed since 2019. Currently, EJCS catches up by publishing its annual issues every half year.

===TOC European Journal of Chinese Studies 2 (2019)

CHINESE LITERATURE: ESSAYS ARTICLES REVIEWS

CONTENTS Volume 2 (2019)

ESSAYS AND ARTICLES

Martin WOESLER, Martin WANKE, Matthias KETTNER, Jens LANFER “The Chinese Social Credit System: Origin, political design, exoskeletal morality and comparisons to Western systems”

Huiling LUO, “No Distance Matters, neither any Difference: China-Spain Relations during Adolfo Suárez’ Government”

Michael Knüppel, “Preliminary report of a study on Arabic calligraphy of the Hui Muslims — the example of the dū ās (都阿)”

Cîndea Gîţă, Iulia Elena, Riccardo Moratto, “Chinese Literature in Romania: A Qualitative Study based on In-Depth Interviews with the Agents Involved in Sino-Romanian Transfer of Culture”

Further details at: http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php#EJCS2019

Categories: Announcement

Keywords: social credit system, trust, Chinese market economy, political loyalty, Journal ToC

===CFP “Young Chinese and their world view” European Journal of Chinese Studies 3 (2020) Special Issue===

'''Sample CFP'''

CFP: The Journal of Northeast Asian History Vol. 19-1

Type: Call for Papers

Location: Korea South

Subject Fields: Asian History / Studies, Chinese History / Studies, East Asian History / Studies, Japanese History / Studies, Korean History / Studies

CFP: The Journal of Northeast Asian History Vol. 19-1

Dear Colleagues,

The Northeast Asian History Foundation continues to expand its interaction with scholars specializing in Asian history and related fields outside East Asia. The Foundation is also strengthening its ties with leading institutions and scholars by encouraging interdisciplinary and comparative approaches to research on geopolitical, cultural, educational, and other issues in East Asia.

The Foundation publishes the Journal of Northeast Asian History (JNAH), a peer-reviewed semi-annual English-language journal that focuses on history-based approaches to Asian politics, cultures, economy and other fields to shed light on the historical realities of the Asian World. The Journal's geographical scope extends to other parts of the world which have significant relevancy to Asian history, thus charting globalism and localism from global perspectives.

In particular, we will welcome two topics that concern (1) Korea-China Relations and Historical Configuration in Northeast Asia and (2) US-China Relations and Historical Issues in East Asia, both of which will help explore further how inter-state and intra-state matters were and are liked together to the historical development of continental East Asia and how the confluence of these external and internal factors have been making vital impact on the various mode of regional interaction in modern East Asia and beyond.

The Journal of Northeast Asian History calls for the submission of outstanding and unpublished papers for review and possible publication in Winter 2022. We invite colleagues to consider the Journal when seeking to publish ongoing research since we believe this can be an impetus for further scholarly collaboration in the future. For full consideration, please submit manuscripts by July 31, 2022 for Winter Issue.

Please contact us at jnah@nahf.or.kr or jnah.nahf@gmail.com should you have any questions regarding the journal, its submission process or subscription to it.
Thank you in advance for your attention and contributions.

Editorial Board of Journal of Northeast Asian History (JNAH)

Contact Email: jnah@nahf.or.kr

Categories: CFP

Keywords: CFP

===CFP “David versus Goliath - Souvereignty issues of small countries and regions neighboring large countries” European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021) Special Issue===

CFP: European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021) Special Issue

'''Type:''' Call for Papers

'''Location:''' China

'''Subject Fields:''' Asian History / Studies, Chinese History / Studies, East Asian History / Studies

'''CFP:''' “David versus Goliath - Souvereignty issues of small countries and regions neighboring large countries” European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021)

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine — the most consequential military conflict Europe has witnessed since the Second World War — has riveted the attention of the world. Almost inevitably people look to draw analogies — both historical and contemporary ones. One popular contemporary analogy is between Russia’s actions vis-à-vis Ukraine and mainland China’s approach to Taiwan.

In this issue, we will welcome two topics that concern (1) Russia-Ukraine and (2) Mainland China-Taiwan. We aim to bring together papers that critically examine the two comparisons. We aim to bring together papers that (1) critically examine the differentiated situation of the two large authoriatarian nations; (2) discuss the ways in which two large authoritarian nations exert control on smaller neighbors; and (3) comparison with the approach of non-authoritarian large nations towards smaller neighbors; (4) consequences for world order, stability, peace and economical development.

'''Submit your abstract'''

'''Categories:''' CFP

Keywords: CFP

===CFP “The Chinese society system versus the Western society system” European Journal of Chinese Studies 5 (2022) Special Issue===
===CFP “China old and new” European Journal of Sinology 11 (2020) Special Issue===
===CFP “Traditional Chinese Culture and the Future” European Journal of Sinology 12 (2021) Special Issue===
===CFP “Cross-Cultural Elements in Chinese and Western Literary Works” European Journal of Chinese Studies () Special Issue===

CFP: European Journal of Chinese Studies () Special Issue

'''Type:'''Call for Papers

'''Location:'''Germany

'''Subject Fields:''' Chinese literature / Studies, Western literature / Studies

'''CFP:'''“Cross-Cultural Elements in Chinese and Western Literary Works” European Journal of Chinese Studies” European Journal of Chinese Studies ()

Communication is among the best ways to resolve differences and strengthen cooperation. At an age when "anti-globalization" continues to characterize global situation; conservatism and ultra-nationalism are on the rise; and regional conflicts become frequent, cross-cultural communication seems to be particularly meaningful.

In this issue, we will welcome topics that concern (1) Chinese literature and (2) Western literature. We aim to bring together papers that critically examine cross-cultural elements in Chinese and Western literature in general or in particular works. We will welcome papers that (1) critically examine the different culture and cross-cultural elements in Chinese and Western literature; (2) discusses the problems encountered in such cross-cutural communication; (3) what such communications contribute to Chinese or Western culture.

'''Submit your abstract'''

'''Categories: '''CFP

Keywords: CFP

==The following CFPs need to be written in Chinese==
===CFP “China rewrites history” European Journal of Sinology 13 (2022) Special Issue===
===CFP “China old and new” Hanxue 1 (2018) Special Issue===
===CFP “Traditional Chinese Culture and the Future” Hanxue 2 (2019) Special Issue===
===CFP “Continuities and Disruptions in Chinese Culture” Hanxue 3 (2020) Special Issue===
===CFP “The Chinese Fight Against Poverty” Hanxue 4 (2021) Special Issue===
===CFP “The Chinese Fight Against the Pandemic” Hanxue 5 (2022) Special Issue===

=Remarks=
各位学妹你们好，请在以上任务中挑选自己感兴趣的。另外，国际汉学中心（外院309）需要值班，值班期间要完成汉学中心相关工作，值班时间为周一到周五，具体时间可再商议。现在需要收集你们的可值班时间，中心会按照工作时长发放工资。请你们把可值班时间发在群里，我来排班。

Gabrielle: 周三整天，周四下午都可以

Li Xin 李欣: 周一和周三上午可以值班

LIAO Shiyun Classics 22: 周三整天，周四下午都可以

Susan Chu 祝美梅: 周二、周三、周四、周五下午都可以

李穎: 周三，周四下午

JMCentre

2024-01-15T14:00:06Z

You Tianwei: /* PhD and volunteer student staff work hour documentation */

This is the wiki website for daily work of the JM Centre of Excellence at Hunan Normal University.

This website shortlink: http://bou.de/u/wiki/JMCentre

Our public website: http://jmcentre.eu

=Registration on this website=
Please all participants register for this wiki in order to be able to edit the websites and also to add your information:

https://bou.de/u/wiki/Special:RequestAccount

Please fill in the registration form with your real name as "username" and as "real name". The password for registration and also for editing any website on the wiki is "wikicaptcha".

=PhD and volunteer student staff work hour documentation=

CCX, YTW, LR, DYY, BW

'''Date, time, hours, content of work'''

*CCX’ s working hours
CCX Dec 1 , 16:00-17:00,1 hours , discuss the survey with Pro. Ole on WeChat ,edit the survey questions
CCX Dec 5, 18:15-18:45, 0.5 hours, participation in meeting, report on the status of the survey
CCX Dec 12 19:00-19:30,0.5 hours, participation in meeting
CCX Dec 19, 18:30-19.30, 1 hours, participation in meeting, report on the status of the survey

*YTW‘s working hours
YTW Dec 18, 16:00-17:00, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 24-31;
YTW Dec 23, 21:40-22:50, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 31-49;
YTW Dec 25, 19:35-20:39, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 49-65. fertig.
YTW Jan 6, 21:27-22:38, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, reworked the transcriptions, fertig.
YTW Jan 6-7 23:00-00:13, Goethe, reworked the paper.
YTW Jan 9-10 22.50-00:28, reworked the paper about the translation of 丫鬟（servant or slave？） in “Dream of the Red Chamber”
YTW Jan 15 20:15-21:55, looking for a book "Kirby: Germany and Republican China", in Shanghai Library(can not be sure to lend it out).

*LR

*DYY

*BW

=Minutes=
==Nov 16, 2023==
Minutes of the Kick-off meeting “EU JM Centre of Excellence for Digitalization of University Teaching” Nov 16, 2023, 10:00-11:30 am, HNU Tenglong Building, room 309
===Protocol: Martin Woesler===
===Participants===
Prof. Woesler, Prof. Jiang Lihua, Prof. Porter, PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, Zhouli Ziruo, Volunteer "Sari" Cai Xixiu.

===Next Meeting===
Friday Nov 24, 2023, 10:00 am room 309. For those who can only attend online: Zoom: http://bit.ly/ZOOMCOURSE

===Your contact people: The project staff===
Project Leader: Prof. Woesler, Project Assistants: PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong. The staff takes on the double task of conducting research (especially systematic literature reviews, surveys, field experiments testing different learning spaces or digital tools) and doing the administration (keeping the overview, watching the timeline, reports on the EU platform, reminding of deadlines, organizing meetings, inviting project members and external experts to joint papers, conferences, anthologies etc.).

===Salaries===
The project started in September and the project staff has already invested some work. So far, the payment of the salaries was not yet agreed to by the accounting office, they wanted more information. Still, there is a lot of work which needs to be done, including website and reports, until December. Therefore, it is important, that the accounting office already pays the monthly salaries to the project staff now in November.

===Budget===
The budget is quite large and except from the salary for the project staff contains several sub posts, like lump sum salary for students, travel reimbursement, equipment, website programming, conference costs etc. Prof. David Porter offered to design and create a EU and a CN website adhering to the respective policies.

===Personnel===
For the 5 Research Groups, the following heads were suggested:

#Regulation (Comparison) Liu Bai
#Experiences (Comparison) Aline
#Effectiveness of digital tools: David Porter, Ole Döring, Yang Zhiming

Explanation: (How to achieve learning outcomes of teaching in presence also with online or technology-enhanced teaching? Quality measurement.)
#Learning Spaces (Comparison): Jiang Lihua
#ChatGPT/PostEdit (Comparison C-EU): Martin Woesler

===Salary for Project Personnel and Project Members===
There is no monthly salary foreseen in the budget for all participants. But everybody who invests time in the project should be reimbursed. Since the publication of papers is the most important in the project, the project offers to reimburse all Professors and PhD candidates, who publish a paper to be reimbursed for 50 hours (each SCI, SSCI or A&HCI impact paper, corresponds to 1000 Euros for professors and 500 Euros for students), 25 hours (each CSSCI impact paper, corresponds to 500 Euros for professors and 250 Euros for students). Non PhD-Students (but Bachelor- or Master students) who participate, e.g. in the many time consuming tasks like literature review, surveys, field experiments, will be reimbursed with a lump sum per month and will be informed about the expected number of hours they are required to work.

===Credits and Acknowledgments===
Hunan Normal University needs to be mentioned as the affiliated university of both, the 1st and 2nd author. Also, the grant acknowledgement and disclaimer need to be printed with the paper, e.g. as a footnote or endnote. All posters, websites etc. need to display the EU Erasmus + co-funding logo.

===Things to do===
#Prof. Jiang: Please invite Prof. Liu Bai and Prof. Yang Zhiming.
#Prof. Jiang: Dean Situ and the Accounting office may contact you to reconfirm that the first money can be paid from the grant amount received.
#Ole: Please invite Prof. Aline Tedeschi
#Everybody: Please start to read the newest research papers on the topic. The library offers and EBSCO access. Ole can instruct student groups to perform different Systematic Literature Reviews. Languages should be at least Chinese and English. Some research questions should be developed through these literature reviews. Please keep in touch in the WeChat group and exchange your findings.

===Things to do for the project staff===
#Finalize report of old project (this part of the work is NOT paid by the new project) both on the EU platform as well as on the website http://jmchair.eu.
#Organize setting up a Website
#Get the frequent payments running with the accounting office in coordination with the College leadership.
#Conduct systematic literature reviews, develop research questions, surveys, field studies, experiments etc. => results on wiki for everybody to use.
#Set up virtual working space on wiki and invite everybody to join. Publish there all findings.
#Invite everybody to the next meeting next Friday 10 am and collect points for the agenda from the participants.

P.S.: After the meeting, Prof. Jiang invited Prof. Woesler to join the current session of her Colloquium into room 410 (13:00-14:15). There he introduced the project again and offered the PhD candidates to join the project, preferrably assisting the head of research group 4, Prof. Jiang Lihua. PhD candidates are encouraged to join because they can make double use of their research for the project/publications and their thesis. Also, the participation in the project will be certified and can be used in the curriculum vitae for job applications.

==Nov 24, 2023==
Minutes of the second weekly meeting “EU JM Centre of Excellence for Digitalization of University Teaching” Nov 24, 2023, 10:00-11:30 am, HNNU Tenglong Building, room 309

===Protocal: Liu Rong, edited: Martin Woesler===

===Participants===
Prof. Woesler, Prof. Porter, Prof. Ma Nake, PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, "Sari" Cai Xixiu.

===Next Meeting===
Scheduled for Tuesday Nov 29, 16:00 and 18:15 Chinese time room 309. For those who can only attend online: Tencent Meeting:https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/bCQdfgGlezZ1

===Budget and Salary===
For student volunteers the budget provides a total of 4,000 Yuan per month over the range of 3 years. Since there is a higher workload before and during conferences, we will have to be able to assign both salaries (e.g. for Cai Cixiu) and short-term contract salaries (e.g. for conferences). The project staff receives regular payments. The request for first payments has been submitted.

===Things to do===
#Sari: Please conduct a MikeCRM survey. Print the research questionnaire by Prof. Doering, and conduct the survey with the students who participated in the painting event. (When conducting the survey, the respondents’ initials with birth date (like WJG1001) can be used to code them, so that the privacy of respondents can be protected and we can compare and analyze developments.)
#Phd students: Please analyze the survey results of the last EU project, and upload the parts of the final report to the EU website (compare the answers of Prof. Woesler’s with the students’ answer and get the percentage both at the beginning and the end of the semester. If there is a progress, this would be a good result for the report.) Also copy documentation to website jmchair.eu.
#Prof. Porter: Thank you for submitting the first samples for a website. They are under review.
#Everybody: Start reading. Prepare systematic literature reviews on the project topic, develop research questions, surveys, field studies, experiments etc. => results on wiki for everybody to use.

===Next Meeting===
Scheduled for Tuesday Nov 29, 16:00 and 18:15 Chinese time room 309. For those who can only attend online: Tencent Meeting:https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/bCQdfgGlezZ1

==Minutes Nov 28, 2023==

===Participants===
David, Aline, Martin, Duan Yuanyuan, Sari, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong

===Website ===

The new website http://jmcentre.eu is online currently as a copy of http://jmchair.eu. The PhD students have a laptop with which they can edit the website. They will fill in the documentation of the events and courses of the last project on jmcentre.eu and then start to adjust the new website. Later the website might move to a smart phone friendly content management system provided by David Porter, which then should be copied to http://jmcentre.eu

===Literature Review===

David and Alina start reading papers on Digitalization of University Teaching. David will report about a AI question next time.

===Support by University Council President===

The University Council President Prof. Jiang offered his support to our project.

He could host the lecture series.

We will look for EU projects he can apply for.

===Work to be done soon===

PhD candidates: Submit frequent reports on EU platform, e.g. that the website is set up and running.

Everybody: Look for external experts (Chinese and Foreign, out of budget concerns best from within China or if from elsewhere online), which can be invited to a lecture series and a workshop.

===Wiki work platform===
Everybody should document the work (the PhD students also the hours and what work exactly was done during the hours) on http://bou.de/u/wiki/JMCentre

===Next meeting===
Scheduled for Dec 5, 2023, 17:15 in room 309 and on Tencent Meeting.

https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/srf6bMHRBJcN

#腾讯会议：240-505-868

==Next meeting Tue Dec 12, 18:15 http://bit.ly/ZOOMCOURSE, password: course==

==December 5, 2023, 17:15 internal, 18:15 meeting==
We meet in #309 and online on https://meeting.tencent.com/dw/Grwr602gM2k1 #腾讯会议：811-356-704.

===Participants===
David Porter, Ole Döring, Martin Woesler, Duan Yuanyuan, Sari, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong

===Report by David Porter on AI and University Teaching===
Ethical questions towards ChatGPT.

How can I use ChatGPT for teaching in class?

Brainstorming

Writing tradition.

Critical thinking skills, reading habits, writing habits.

Do you think it would be appropriate to use ChatGPT.

How much percentage could be replaced with ChatGPT.

Research literacy.

The students are asked why they are given the tasks.

Complete lack of ethical reasoning.

The human input: Prompting.

Standardized surveys exist for cheating and plagiarizing.

Revalue the understanding of "cheating".

A few years ago, one was

"Is it ok to copy and paste a paragraph for your own paper and claim its yours."

"Is it ok to copy and paste a paragraph to ChatGPT."

Frankensteining assisting parts.

Does it matter that ChatGPT plagiarizes?

Authorship discussion.

===Survey===
Compare impression of the learning effect when watching paper images and painter in comparison to watch images on ppt.

Creativity, you can see the entire process of production and consumption.

===Check on the to dos===
Can we get any PhD candidates from the Colloquium to join?

Have the people mentioned in the Minutes of the Kick-off meeting been invited to join?
===Report on the payments by the accounting department===
The staff has been paid for the first three months. Only Zhouli Ziruo needs to set up an account with the department and can only receive salary starting from January 2024.

To do: Duan Yuanyuan will apply that also Sari gets paid the student volunteer lump sum.

==Minutes for Dec 12, 2023==
Participants: David Porter, Zhouli Ziruo and Martin Woesler, Liu Rong, Sari Cai Zixiu.

===Report by David Porter===
*Scheduling research during the winter break.
*Fri Dec 15, 2023, 12:00 pm Meeting to discuss survey with David and Ole. Invitation: Sari, Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, Benjamin Wellsand. David will send a reminder in beforehand.

===Report by Martin Woesler===
Personnel: Benjamin Wellsand will replace Zhouli Ziruo among the three PhD students.

Waiting for payment by accounting department.

EU ratified the AI Ethics law. Cf. to UN resolution.

Martin will add information and put the links here.

===Report by Martin Woesler on Grants for going to a French university as a visiting professor, chair professors===
For now, I recommend to already check out the grants to prepare a good application. Regarding the chair professor or visiting scholar programs for foreign professors in France, there are the following mostly financed by the EU, sometimes together with the French Ministry of Science (I have indicated all weblinks):

1. Chair Program with Universities and Grand Ecoles

In addition to receiving visiting professors or researchers, many French universities and Grandes Ecoles have chair programmes to welcome researchers from around the world. These programmes are usually designed for specific scientific problems and last for a limited time. The Collège de France in particular has developed a programme of excellence in which many chairs are reserved for foreign researchers or professors. www.college-de-france.fr.

2. Chair Programs with Research Establishments

Further, there are corporate chairs that enable foreign researchers to work with a company and research establishment for up to 2 years. This programme is financed by the French National Research Agency.
http://www.agence-nationale-recherche.fr/suivi-bilan/historique-des-appels-a-projets/appel-detail1/chaires-industrielles-2017/

3. Visiting Professors

3.1 the RFIEA (Réseau Français des Instituts d’Etudes Avancées French Network of Institutes of Advanced Studies): http://rfiea.fr/;

3.2 The University of Paris 1 PanthéonSorbonne: https://www.univparis1.fr/international/enseignants-chercheurs-invites/venir-comme-professeur-invite/;

3.3 the University of ParisSaclay, with the Alembert programme: https://www.universiteparis-saclay.fr/fr/recherche/appel-projet/jean-dalembert;

3.4 AixMarseille University https://amidex.univamu.fr/fr/notre-projet;

3.5 the University of Paris 13: https://www.univ-paris13.fr/professeurs-invites/;

3.6 the UPMC: http://www.upmc.fr/fr/international/mobilite_des_chercheurs.html.

4. If he wants to go with a research team:

Experienced researchers may request funding for their research team from the European Research Council (ERC).

4.1 A Consolidator Grant https://erc.europa.eu/funding/consolidator-grants or

4.2 Advanced Grant https://erc.europa.eu/funding/advanced-grants can finance all or part of your stay, as well as that of your team, for up to 5 years. These grants can reach 2.5 million euros.

===Tasks for next week===
Everybody should read a few papers on use of digital technology and/or AI for university teaching and related topics.

Until the end of the year, we should also collect the names of some experts, we want to invite to our lecture series.

==Meeting Dec 19, 2023==
Dec 19, 2023 18:15 Chinese time online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09

====Participants====
Liu Rong, Cai Cixiu, Martin Woesler, David Porter by WeChat text message

====Approaching Deadlines====
We have to report with the continuous reporting until Dec 31, 2023 if Deliverable 1.1, to setup a website, has been fulfilled. Martin Woesler will report this (the website has been set up unter the url http://jmcentre.eu).

====Tasks for researchers and staff====
All of us invite identify foreign experts and the meeting will decide who is going to be invited and then the person having suggested the expert should also reach out to them to ask if they would join for a lecture in our lecture series or even more (like cooperating in one of the research groups).
=====Prof. Luis Cordeiro-Rodrigues, Hunan University=====
Suggested by David Porter.
====Tasks for staff====
Task for the staff: Please write down all deadlines, so that you can make sure, that the reports are written in time and the deliverables are fulfilled before the end of the deadlines.

*Dec 31, 2023. D1.1 Website WP1 1 - HUNNU DEC —Websites, patent filings, videos, etc PU - Public 3
*Oct 1, 2024. D1.2 International Conference presentation WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 12
*Jul 1, 2025. D1.3 Presentation of Anthology in English WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 21
*Oct 1, 2025 D1.4 Conference presentation with German external partner university WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 24
*Jul 1, 2025 D1.5 Presentation of Anthology in Chinese WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 33
*Sep 30, 2025 D1.6 Presentation on Conference WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 36

====Staff hour documentation====
Reminder: Please all staff members (Liu Rong, Duan Yuanyuan, Zhouli Ziruo, Benjamin Wellsand) and external staff members paid from other funds (You Tianwei) please remember to document your working hours above: [[JMCentre#PhD_and_volunteer_student_staff_work_hour_documentation]].

====Salary====
Duan Yuanyuan will ask the accounting department to pay the salary for December. This time, also Zhouli Ziruo, Cai Cixiu and Benjamin Wellsand should be added with their bank connections.

====Tasks for everybody for the winter break====
#Hard work between Dec 27-Jan 8 for those who do not go on Xmas holiday.
#Find and read papers, prepare research questions.
#Identify external experts we can invite to our lecture series.
#All staff hours (also earlier ones) are documented NOW on our website.
#Duan Yuanyuan adds bank connections of the missing three assistants to the accounting department.
#Find fitting standard surveys we can use, use them and publish a paper on the results.
#Martin Woesler will send David Porter a task list for website-related issues.
#Martin Woesler improves final report of old project and reports website http://jmcentre.eu to EU, deadline Dec 31, 2023. The PL has already contacted EU and send a draft, waits for approval to submit the report within the next days.
#Every staff member helps with technical work of paper submissions, transcriptions, translations, marketing/dissemination, website improvements etc. as asked for by the project leader.

====Next Meeting: Jan 9, 2024====
==Meeting Jan 9, 2024 18:15 Chinese time (11:15 European time)==

We meet both in person in office #309 and online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09

Everybody please prepare a 1 minute input what you found out so far from the literature, about experts we can invite and what you want to conduct research on.

===Input by David Porter===
Pardon any typos. As mentioned last time I would recommend we invite Prof. Luis Cordeiro-Rodrigues from Hunan University as he has experience with AI and ethics and is ‘right next door’ so to speak. I am happy to reach out to him but I think it would be good to have a formal CFP or fixed plan so that I can explain exactly what we would be invited for and when.

If invited speakers don’t have to be university-affiliated academics I would recommend Matt Sheehan (matt.sheehan@ceip.org) who is a fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, a journal and involved with various think-tanks relating to global technology (including China - he is supposed to be fluent in Chinese). Zhu Junhua (junzhu@utu.fi https://www.utu.fi/en/people/junhua-zhu ) is a doctoral student at University of Turku, and so still an early career scholar but is doing work on AI governance and ethics who might be someone who can bridge the Europe-China divide. We all come across a lot of names, so it might be good to have a more settled idea of what our conference might focus on more narrowly?

I want to focus on AI and university teaching with a comparative focus on Europe and China. Even in the past few years there are thousands of relevant articles but I will focus on a few more specific and nuanced research goals in the next couple months. It will likely relate to the adoption of AI in educational institutions in both regions during and post-COVID, impact of AI on student engagement, and overall learning outcomes but I want to tie into ethical considerations. Can put this crudely:
1) How extensively is AI tech currently integrated into university teaching in Europe and China?
2) How do educators perceive and navigate the associated challenges with AI and their teaching practices? (ethics here).
3) What is the impact of AI on outcomes: academic performance, yes, but also student engagement and real learning outcomes (not just bullshit test scores) in European and Chinese universities?
4) What about institutional, cultural or contextual differences that shape the adoption and impact of AI in university teaching between Europe and China?

I am still working on Literature Review and narrowing down what lit to review since comprehensiveness is impossible/obsolete the day after it is done. I want to work this into something of a comparative analysis between Europe and China in terms of AI adoption and its impact on university teaching (not exactly that but something like that). Before next semester I want to have a tangible plan for some surveys to gather qualitative and quantitative data. I have a timeline to do the preliminary work by March and serious development for something that can be submitted for publication next Fall (optimistically October, absit omen).

====List of experts to invite for lecture series====
====Recommendations by David Porter====
*Prof. Luis Cordeiro-Rodrigues, Hunan University, has experience with AI and ethics and is ‘right next door’ so to speak. I am happy to reach out to him but I think it would be good to have a formal CFP or fixed plan so that I can explain exactly what we would be invited for and when.
*Matt Sheehan (matt.sheehan@ceip.org) fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, a journal and involved with various think-tanks relating to global technology (including China - he is supposed to be fluent in Chinese)
*Zhu Junhua (junzhu@utu.fi https://www.utu.fi/en/people/junhua-zhu )
=====Recommendations by Cai=====
*Prof. Hu Xiaoyong, Huanan Daxue (South China University) more than 100 articles on Application of Artificial Intelligent Education, Teaching from the perspective of AI, teacher intelligent education, hosted research projects

====Draft of Call for papers - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====

====Collection of Ideas what to do in the project - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====

====Ideas for surveys - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====

====Ideas for the conference on July 20-22 - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====
July 20 Lectures in Poznan

July 21 Lectures in Poznan

July 22 morning: conference bus drives us from Poznan to Prague

July 22 morning: Young Scholars' Conference (all student assistants in the project should give 1 presentation)

July 22 afternoon: final sessions with one panel on our project "Digitalization of University Teaching" (online participation from our conference room in Changsha provided)

====Ideas for more structural work and plans - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====

===Next Meeting Jan 16, 2024 18:15 Chinese time (11:15 European time)===
Next meeting is scheduled for Jan 16, 2024 18:15 Chinese time online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09

==Meeting Jan 16, 2024, 18:15 Chinese time (11:15 European time)==
===Report on Final Report last JM project===
===Report on Report on deliverable 1.1 „Website“ due December 2024===

==Deadline Oct 1, 2024 Conference==
D1.2 International Conference presentation WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 12
==Deadline Jul 1, 2025 Anthology==
D1.3 Presentation of Anthology in English WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 21
==Deadline Oct 1, 2025 Conference==
D1.4 Conference presentation with German external partner university WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 24
==Deadline Jul 1, 2025 Anthology==
D1.5 Presentation of Anthology in Chinese WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 33
==Deadline Sep 30, 2025 Conference==
D1.6 Presentation on Conference WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 36

=PREPARATION OF WACS 8 2024 in Poznan/Athens/Changsha=

Ideas to professionalize our annual conference and to win more people to participate
#we only recommend a conference hotel with a conference discount, but the participants book directly with the hotel. This helps us to lower the conference fees to maybe 190€. Also, we only accept international bank payment directly to the association‘s account.
#We should send a flyer to us universities in order to get some PhD candidates, who can present part of their Thesis. And of course scholars as a main target group.
#Last time we also improved: double blind peer review,
# issuing travel stipends,
#awards in different categories,
#chairs and discussants for all panels,
#hybrid format.

With budget cut over the years, except for the few very well-endowed private univs, in the US, most professors only have 1 trip paid. They will choose the most relevant and established one or two. Graduate students basically pay for themselves, so they only go to AAS and/or AAS Regional conferences.

With zoom, you have more flexibility.

Dan's perspectives are from those in linguistics, a much smaller group than the scope WACS advertises.

1. As a very young asso., even with high level and strong backing, you cannot compete with the established ones.

2. Your initial vision seemed to be a platform to bring in prc sinologists who don't work with the Eng lang.

3. But you also include Eng lang papers.

4. The last few years show that W European & N Am scholars are not attracted to the conference.

A) Some feedback seems to be this is a crazy group of people, a nicer way of saying they are unprofessional and disorganised.

B) The dates may be a part of it but less critical than the messiness.

5) So two issues:

A) the volume and national variety of participants; and

B) the asso's administration of the conferences.

6) Possible remedies:

A) you need a systematic way of proactively reaching out to universities and colleges all over the world, by sending the departments information about the coming year's conference & links, etc.

You have to do this every year. Your conference's scope covers culture, history, ling., lit, phil, pol sci, etc., so to each of these departments, a notice could be sent.

You can do so with a master list by approaching a certain number in each continent the first year, then adding a few more for that country the next year, and so on.

You can even target specific regions/ continents in different years. You are in Eastern Europe, it's a good time to get them to participate. Maybe alongside, this year, it is SE Asia. (Next year, it could be S. Am & Australia as specific targets.)

B) The asso's org: herein lies the foundation of the problem. Until you look hard into it and take serious steps to overhaul it, putting in place functional committees with members who put in time and energy to administer and operate the asso., hence the conference as well, even if (A) is successful one year, it will evaporate in a handful of years.

7) In short, it is necessary to prioritise the structural/ organisational reform in administration & operation, before the change of dates.

8) Since changing the dates in a big way may not bring in many more new participants, you may want to hold it off.

A) You may want to have someone to do a quick research to see when, e.g. Asia & SE Asia is most unlikely to attend a conf, then when in S Am, etc., and the reasons. You get an overview, then you decide.

=FROM HERE ON, THIS IS THE WEBSITE OF THE OLD JEAN MONNET CHAIR PROJECT - General Status=
*Spend the remaining JMC funds: We need to document the JMC activities (add Fan Ni's, current courses, current meetings) in a file, publish it on our website and apply for reimbursement
*Prepare Dec 6, 2022 Donation campaign http://bou.de/fanyi.html
*Prepare Mar, 1, 2023 JMC application 2023-2026
*Prepare August 31, 2023 JMC report

=Conferences=
*Conference August 12-14: Prepare Proceedings

==Editing of Journal Hanxue 2018-2023==
*ISSN received
*Each issue needs to be finalized and then submitted to proof reader

Please write here the status and the person in charge of the following issues. Please especially mention if the papers are complete or for how many papers we are still waiting for the revised version
* Oct 14 漢學 1 (2018) => submission to US ISSN centre, adding information on journals.php
* Oct 14 漢學 2 (2019)
* Oct 14 漢學 3 (2020)
* Oct 14 漢學 4 (2021)
* Oct 14 漢學 5 (2022)

===Paper Published and Resubmitted===
作者、名称、发表情况、收到情况、新文章名称

*''1. 潘銘基 Poon Ming Kay 班固《漢書》的經學意義與《春秋》筆法——兼論《漢書》的傳授與讀法已发表已收到《略論傳統儒家文化與聯合國永續發展目標》''

*'''2. 鄭煒明、陳玉瑩上博簡《訟成》（原題《容成氏》）篇與先秦墨家的談辯和說書已发表无'''

*'''3. 王棕琦Wong Tsung Kei 《文子．道德》篇章結構考論——兼論今本《文子》據古本《文本》改易《淮南》原文的情況已发表无'''

*''4. 伍亭因《孔叢子-詰墨》成篇問題芻議（补充）未发表已收到''

*''5. 朱惠国论辛弃疾二十四首《临江仙》的体式及其词谱学意义已发表已收到《论<永遇乐>的声律特征及后世影响》''

*''6. 周能俊 “嘉禾”符瑞对元魏政治的影响——以北魏承明元年的齐州“嘉禾”事件为例已发表已收到《唐大中初年道教瑞应与国家政治的互动》''

*7. 黃啟深《勵忠節鈔》引《世說新語》考論部分发表修改中

*'''8. 趙望秦Wang-qin Zhao 透過文化記憶視窗看“史漢優劣”的演變已发表无（关于中韩文化方面的内容找不到）'''

*''9. 位灵芝红楼梦精雅生活——从贾宝玉说起未发表已收到''

*''10. 陈洁论《新青年》编辑权的改变对其分化的影响已发表已收到《鲁迅与新潮社》''

*''11. Shang, Yuchen 尚昱辰虚构与真实——晚明戏曲中情鬼戏的审美意涵未发表已收到''

*''12. 曹波贝克特《庸女梦》中的中国音乐：改写与误读未发表已收到''

*'''13. 梁世和尋求化解文明衝突之道——一行禪師「入世佛教」思想探析已发表已收到《南人北学陆陇其》投明年的其他会议集'''

*'''14. 曾秀萍（日）常與非常：跨越陰陽的臺灣同志/酷兒影像已发表无'''

*''15. 洪淑苓從｢父母國」出走——安琪詩中的空間經驗與女性主體建構（补充）未发表已收到''

1-15篇（何君负责收集联系，15位作者中，9位的文章已发表，其中4位表示此次不提供其他文章，1位表示新论文改投到明年的其他论文集中，已收到文章10篇，其中4篇为新文章，待审核，另有1篇正在修改中）

*16.

*17.吴双中日“水浒豪杰"的绘画形象比较
未发表修改中，本周内提交

*40张惠經典西扦之文化再塑——現代英文劇本《大觀園》之哲學與國族新面相已发表新稿件目前正在修改格式

*42陳惠齡台灣新竹寺廟、詩僧與地景所體現的地方文化空間性已发表不提供新文章

*46于宏古體漢語詩歌翻譯管闚未发表稿件修改中

==Internal Search for Reviewer from the field of Translation into German==
* June 15 Find people, contact - Martin Woesler

==Payment of Research Assistants==
* June 10 Duan Yuanyuan - please update progress here incl. reimbursement of travel costs

==Translation projects in general==
[[Book_projects]]

==Translation projects for Foreign Languages Press==
Completed by June 12
* June 6 Wisdom final proof reading 66%
* June 8 Poverty final proof reading 0%

==Translation projects for CCTSS==
* Check raw translation [[Chinesisches Kulturlexikon]] Wörterbuch Dictionary

==Own translation projects==
* June 15 HLM 4th edition

==CFP, TOC==
* June 13 Upgrade EJS 2 (2019)

==Major research project for Lueneburg==
* June 10 review Martin Woesler

==Grading of old courses==
* June 20 Martin Woesler

==Establishing standards for current papers MA Classics, MA Lang&Cult, BA Cult==
* June 15 Send standards to students

==Papers==
*[[Grading system in China]] submitted to David Martin MAY 3, 2022, now: publish
*[[Interculturality in HLM]] submitted to 2nd reviewer in USA, get back on Thursday => submit to Routledge

==CLEARED: Interviews==
* June 10 [[2022 Interview by Lou Kang]] 娄康
* June 19 [[2022 Interview by Xinhua She]]
* Published May 30, 2022: [[Interview by Wan Shuyuan 2022]]

=Imminant tasks=
*We update the website almost daily http://jmchair.eu/en/ and http://jmchair.eu/cn/ '''Liao Shiyun & Li Xin''': updates events incl. photos (参考 http://jmchair.eu/en/impressum.php), split into smaller pages http://jmchair.eu/en/participation.php; Write new: http://jmchair.eu/en/euprog.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/network.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/comparison.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/teaching.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/links.php. Martin Woesler: add new surveys into http://jmchair.eu/en/surveys.php.
*Liu Rong: We work on an '''official WeChat channel''' 微信公众号 and will post the activities there
*HX: 2018 7 Western-Chinese Cultural Studies I, 2019 7 Western-Chinese Cultural Studies II, 2020 6 drama, 2021 9 poetry, 2022 7 classics, 2023 7 literary histories, 2024 6 Religion and Philosophy. 在头里《汉学》1 (2018)。英文里面书要italic写，doi号码不对，应该是DOI:10.12906/9781682025215_002。总共的字体要大一点，因为很多人在屏幕上看。大家注意一下：doi 是这样算出来的：DOI:10.12906/97816820252 这一部分每一次都一样，然后1（2018）加“15_001”（封面和目录）、加“15_002”（第一篇）、加“15_003”（第二篇）、加“15_004”（第三篇）等等。2（2019）加“22_001”、“22_002”、“22_003”、“22_004”等等，3（2020）加“39_001”、“39_002”、“39_003”、“39_004”等等，4（2021）加“46_001”、“46_002”、“46_003”、“46_004”等等，5（2022）加“53_001”、“53_002”、“53_003”、“53_004”等等，6（2023）加“60_001”、“60_002”、“60_003”、“60_004”等等，7（2024）加“77_001”、“77_002”、“77_003”、“77_004”等等，8（2025）加“84_001”、“84_002”、“84_003”、“84_004”等等，9（2026）加“91_001”、“91_002”、“91_003”、“91_004”等等。
*EJS: Martin: EJCS 2019 update page numbers => publish, TOC; CFP. We need to publish TOC and CFP for EJS, EJCS, and HX
*We need to submit papers on Lu Xun, web literature to MCLC, grading system, and Chinoisérie to A&HCI journal of ancient China
*We need to write a larger anthology of research results
*We need to write [[Book_projects|several books]], one is the [[History of Chinese Studies]], another one the [[Appropriateness Theory Book]].
*Connect with German Literature / Translation colleague: joint research
*Work on 4th edition of Honglou meng: Check illustrations with Zhang Hui

==Wait for feedback==
*Sven Kramer from Leuphana University
*New papers from Zhang Hui, Yu Hong, Hong Shu-ling

=We need to keep reminding=
*Lihua Jiang helps to solve the following problems: JM grant (the first amount has to be paid to the participating teachers), Seed grant (will reimburse flight costs and student assistants' salaries), admission of international student Markus Mueller to PhD program, admission of Olha Woesler to BA program to collect more certificates for teaching at FSC
=Successfully completed tasks=
*We have submitted the [[Interview by Wan Shuyuan 2022]], it got more than 1 million readers and was republished on several platforms including the website of the Chinese Embassy in Germany
*The JM budget of 40.000 Euros was moved from "Research" to "Education" 教务处 and paid to the participating teachers. Now we need to provide evidence for more teachings so that the remaining 10.000 Euros and 16.667 Euros matching funds from the university can be spent and 10,000 Euros will be reimbursed upon delivery of the report. Contact person: WeChat ID chiryhuo 霍丽 Lei Li，传神湖南高校的联系人 (Aim: Get the funds assigned to Martin Woesler, then paid to the participating teachers)

=Staff tasks=
==Martin Woesler==
*Send everyone a sample of the journal and the vetting (review) of the Chinese essays.
*Prepare 2 MOOC contents and produce films
==Duan Yuanyuan==
'''Funds Management'''
*Submit a new Seed Grant 启动资金 to Administration: So in the new budget, we should have maybe 55.000 Yuan travel and (quarantine) hotel cost, 10.000 Yuan office 309 和 415 设备 (比如冰箱、饮水机), 30.000 Yuan salary for assistants, 5.000 Yuan budget for books and decoration (statues, paintings) we buy for the two walls and bookshelfs in both offices. If it is not possible to buy fridge etc. from it, we can plan this money differently. I am afraid we will spend all the money totally soon. Therefore, I will have to apply for a second budget maybe for 2023. I don't know if they grant me a second budget.
*The EU Grant requires to spend 67.000 Euros first, submit spending receipts and then apply for reimbursement of remaining 10.000 Euros. This means that the university has to release the 40.000 Euros now, is ready to spend the remaining 27.000 Euros then and get reimbursed only 10.000 Euros later.
*Read into the technical requirements of managing EU funds, this includes registering on web sites, filling out forms, submitting information and requesting fundings, controlling the funds arriving at the HUNNU account, forwarding it to the recipients at HUNNU, coordinating with financial department of HUNNU.
==Liao Shiyun 廖诗韵==
*Translates Chinese website http://jmchair.eu/cn/centre.php (网页第七部分（国际汉学中心））

Create [[Description of the Centre]] for the College Website https://fsc.hunnu.edu.cn/info/1148/4103.htm

==Zhu Meimei 祝美梅==
*List all the activities on the 6 part of the website (第六部分课程资源那一块还需要一位同学帮忙添加一些课程和活动内容（应该可以参考维基网站的课程内容）)
==Li Xin==
*Write Introduction to Centre for official FSC website 需要请一位同学帮忙充实第七部分（国际汉学中心）简介部分，可参考https://fsc.hunnu.edu.cn/info/1148/4103.htm。（李欣）
==Please add names and work report of further staff==
=Tasks sorted by topics=
=Course Enrichment Grant（Liao Shiyun）=
*Collecting contents and work proofs from the different participants of the "Course Enrichment Grant", bringing it into a representative form, uploading it on the Jean Monnet website and managing the EU Studies material database online. LIAO Shiyun (also Wiki Admin Classics course)
*Martin please remember to send the profiles to Liao Shiyun
*Activities

Teacher 课程course title 2020winter 2021summer 2021winter 2022spring Spalte1 SUMME

Jean Monnet Work Meeting (with Martin Woesler, Margaret Chu, Martin Warnke, add date and time)

Margaret Chu Lecture (here we also need to make sure that honorarium and travel reimbursement from College is paid, we need to add date and topic)

Martin Warnke Lecture (here we also need to make sure that honorarium and travel reimbursement from College is paid, we need to add date and topic)

Martin Woesler Foundation of Chinese Culture 24 32 32 88 7040

Martin Woesler Introduction to Translation Studies 24 32 56 4480

Martin Woesler Chinese Languages and Cultures 24 32 56 4480

Martin Woesler Chinese Classics Translation 32 32 2560

Martin Woesler German Phonetics 32 32 2560

Martin Woesler MOOC CompLit 1 3 4 320

Martin Woesler Colloquium 1 1 80

Jia Yanfang 《计算机辅助翻译》 24 32 56 4480

Deng Yurong College English 40 48 32 120 9600

Luo Fang 法语口译实务 24 24 1920

Ole Doering and Cord Eberspächer English Translations of Chinese Classics 34 34 2720

Fan Ni 德语（三） 32 32 2560

Lars Nowak Deutsch Hören und Sprechen (2) 32 32 2560

192 211 64 100 567 45360

15360 16880 5120 8000 45360

'''Euro-China Dialogues by Martin Woesler'''

Cross-Universities Tea Chat on International Women's Day with a lecture from the European perspective on systemic problems to implement total equality, Western Cafe
与几大高校人员于国际妇女节当日共同讨论了从欧洲角度看待实现完全平等这一话题。

Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102
与30名英语母语者本科生在专家楼1栋102开展野餐以及户外烧烤活动，同时共同讨论了有关欧洲联盟的政体，演变历史，发展前景等相关内容。

Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 20 MA students, Expert Building 1-102
与20名英语母语者研究生在专家楼1栋102开展野餐以及户外烧烤活动，同时探讨了中欧考试制度，教育理念，教育方式的异同等相关话题。

German Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102
与30名本科生在专家楼1栋102开展德式野餐以及户外烧烤活动，并探讨了中欧文化在双方地域的接受度问题。

Colloquium with Jiang Lihua: European perspective on marketing films for Chinese cities, room
吴教授与“语言智能与跨文化传播研究小组”在湖南师范大学外国语学院601教室举办了线下读书分享会，主题为“形象学视角下国家外宣形象的建构”，会议语言为英语。与会学生畅所欲言，就本次主题展开热烈讨论，均收益颇丰。

Dec 13, 2019 19:00-21:00 Warnke, lecture

Dec 14, 2019 14:00-16:00 Warnke, colloquium

Dec 16, 2019 19:00-21:00 Chu, lecture

Mar 6, 15:00-19:00 JM Dialogue: European Woman's Day, with Multinational Circle, Shiguang Zhongxi Canting

吴漠汀教授开展了主题为“欧洲的妇女节”的会谈。

Mar 8 1st JM Volunteer-Meeting with 6 MA and PhD students, contribution on European Grants, 309

2022年3月8日14：00-16：00，国际汉学中心的6名硕士和博士志愿者在湖南师范大学外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了让·莫内志愿者会议第一次会议。吴漠汀教授向各志愿者们介绍了国际汉学中心的情况和让·莫内项目，商讨了欧盟让·莫内项目基金相关事宜，并给志愿者们分配了近期工作内容。

Thurs. Mar 10 Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102

Fri. Mar 11 18:30-23:00 Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 20 MA students, Expert Building 1-102

Tue. Mar 15 German Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102

Mar 16 2nd JM Volunteer-Meeting with 6 MA and PhD students, contribution on European politics, 309

2022年3月16日15：00-17：00，国际汉学中心的6名硕士和博士志愿者在湖南师范大学外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了让·莫内志愿者会议第一次会议。吴漠汀教授与各志愿者共同探讨了中欧政治体系的异同。

Thu Mar 17, Lecture by Martin Woesler on Tourism 读书分享会, 601, Marketing: Gongzhonghao

Mo Mar 21, 11:00-12:30 JM Lunch: European unification

2022年3月21日，11：00-12：30，吴漠汀教授与五名志愿者在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅聚餐，开展了主题为“欧洲一体化”的讨论，与会学生畅所欲言，积极分享自己的观点，大家均收益颇丰。

Wed Mar 23, 11:00-14:45 JM Lunch: European unification with 5 MA and PhD students

Mo Mar 26, 19:00-21:15 JM Chats: European foreign policy

Tu Apr.12, 11:50-14:20 JM Work Report at Jiayuan Restaurant and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了工作会议，志愿者们就近期所做工作进行了工作汇报，吴教授分别对各志愿者的工作给予了评价，并对未来的工作进行了分配。

Sun Apr 17, 14:30-19:00 JM Dialogue: Eastern in Europe, Multinational Circle, Fly Cafe, Jiayuan Western Cafe

Tu Apr 19, 11:00-15:00 JM Dialogue: Webliterature at Jiayuan Western Cafe and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室与志愿者们开展了讨论会议。会议主题为“网络文学”。此次会议详细讨论了“网络文学”近几年在中国的发展历程。

Wed Apr 20, 11:00-15:00 JM Dialogue: Webliterature 2 at Jiayuan Restaurant and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室与志愿者们开展了讨论会议。会议主题为“网络文学”。此次会议详细讨论了“网络文学”的类型，以及在国外的接受度。

Sat Apr 23, 9:00-16:00 JM Culture Exchange: Shadow Play in China and Europe, Hunan Yuhua feiyi guan

湖南师范大学特聘教授、博导、国际汉学中心主任吴漠汀来到湖南雨花非遗馆，与长沙何氏皮影戏第四代传承人何怀玉进行了深入交流。

Wed Apr 27, 11:00-15:00 Preparation of Fundraising Event "Chinese-European Friendship"

吴漠汀教授在木兰食堂和腾龙楼309召开了会议，向志愿者们介绍了“中欧友谊”项目资金筹集活动，并为这个即将到来的活动做了一系列准备工作。

Thu Apr 28, 18:00-21:00 Fundraising Event "Chinese-European Friendship", collected 20,450 Euros from Europe to support 7 China-related projects

吴漠汀教授与志愿者们参与了“中欧友谊”项目资金筹集活动，此次活动从欧洲筹集到了共20450欧元的资金，帮助了7个与中国相关的项目。

Fre Apr 29, 9:00-12:00 Classics Translation and Appreciation, Frontiers in Literature Translation and Chinese Literature Goes Abroad - from the European perspective, MOOC production, Hunan Normal University Shanlou 善楼 6th floor, room 413

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学至善楼进行了MOOC的录制，课程主题为“典籍翻译和赏析、文学翻译前沿和从欧洲视角看中国文学走出去”。

Wed May 4, 11:00-14:00 JM Work: Set up a European Library at Jiayuan Western Cafe and 309

吴漠汀教授带领志愿者们，将办公室内有关欧洲的书籍按照其类别进行分类，分成了哲学、历史、文学三大类，并建立了自己的电子图书馆，欢迎全校师生来国际汉学中心借阅图书。

May 17, 6:30-9:30 pm Jean Monnet Activity: Yearplanning for Multinational Circle, Martin Woesler joins Marketing and Event Planning groups as "Multinational Circle Ambassador". at X-Handsome Pizza Restaurant, Xinminlu.

吴漠汀教授给国际留学生介绍中国文化。

Wed May 18, 11:30- JM Hanxue literary work at Jiayuan Western Cafe and office 309

吴漠汀教授带领志愿者们整理了国际汉学论坛的论文，帮助编撰汉学期刊杂志，并为即将到来的学术讲座做准备。

Thurs May 19, 19:30-21:00 Lecture by Warnke at 613

Sat May 21, 10:00- JM editing work

吴教授请来了黄渊基先生来指导志愿者们进行汉学期刊杂志的相关工作。

Wed May 25, 11:00-14:30 - JM editing work

吴教授和志愿者们进行了汉学期刊的相关工作，并布置了近期JM网站的任务。

Sat May 28, 11:00- 14：30 -JM editing work

吴教授和黄渊基编辑进一步指导志愿者们进行汉学期刊的相关工作

Sat May 28, 19:00-22:30

Wed June 8,

Wed Nov 2, 12:00-13:30 Preparation of Donation campaign

=Research and Grant Writing=
==Assistant Li Ying==
Collecting information about available continuation of the funding or similar funding, preparing new application letters for funding based on the existing successful letters. 李穎

Deadline Nov 2022-Feb 2023? Prepare next JM-Chair application.

Helen updates information and adds links.

==Assistant Helen He Jun==
===Grant: 让莫内主席教授2020-2023(received)===

*How to spend grant
*How to ask for remaining grant

===Grant: 岳麓山大学科技城 (start: now, deadline: April 30, 2022)===
*[[Yuelu Mountain Universities Science City 2022]]
*Contact with translation company is established

===Grant: 让莫内讲席教授2023-2026 (start: Nov 25, 2022, deadline: March 1, 2023)===
[[JM Application 2023]]

[[JM Application Websites]]

===Grant: Web literature===
[[Web Literature 2022]]

===Grant: 111===
===Honorary Doctorates' Awards===
Check with Dean Zeng Yanyu and Ministry of Education
====Harald Holz, philosopher, novelist and poet====
====Matthias Kettner, philosopher====
====Martin Warnke, media studies====
===Cooperation with Humboldt Center===
===Further possible grants from Germany, EU and China===

=Networking=
Connecting to other Jean Monnet Chairs and to the Centre in Brussels to network with other Centres and to coordinate joint database and initiatives including the current survey among JM Chairs. Gabrielle 黎溢佳

=Campus Communication=
Keeping up communication within the university to further spread the information about the program, recruit further teachers to get a share of the funding, coordinate with University press department to achieve high publicity and documentation of the work including the documentation for the final report which is due September 2023. Li Xin 李欣

The publicity plan for teachers has been submitted and is being publicized

The plan of monthly lectures has been approved and will be arranged one by one after the theme of each month is determined

=Activities Coordination=
Planning and conducting representative activities, including issuing the EU Studies Expert certificates in coordination with the university administration, sign-revealing ceremonies, setting up EU funded PhD scholarships, setting up small events like awarding honorary PhD to senior European scholars (have to be retired in Europe, can be up to 90 years old, e.g. Harald Holz) with high publicity. Design and estimate costs for hanging up metal signs with Erasmus+ and EU logo, logo for the Center, the Multilevel Center, BMBF, Translation Workshop, European Academy as well as a sign for an existing campaign "We don't take presents."

=Deadlines=
*April 30, 2022, start now - 岳麓山大学科技城
*March 1, 2023, start: Nov. 25, 2022 - 让莫内讲席教授2023-2026
*April 30, 2022，redistribution start: May 1, 2022 - 岳麓科技城人才服务卡

=Publishing - Susan Chu 祝美梅=
Formatting and copy editing English contents for publication

'''Professor please remember to send her brief introduction of the journals and further materials.'''

MCLC; Textbooks; HLM 4; Complete Works of Lu Xun; EJS; EJSin; Interviews

Martin please remember to send Susan the related profiles.

==TOCs and CFPs==
Dear Susan, please formulate TOCs and CFPs for the following journal issues. I will then publish a TOC and a CFP every other week with MCLC blog, Sinology Facebook Group and H-NET Asia mailinglist:
*Please check the existing TOCs and CFPs on the H-Asia website.

===TOC European Journal of Sinology 10 (2019)===

The European Journal of Sinology (EJSin) is an independent journal on ancient and premodern China, founded in 2010. All EJSin issues including paper titles, abstracts and references can be accessed on http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php.

Due to the professionalization of its double blind peer review process, its copy editing process and its setting up of an ip range campus license system, the EJSin issues have been delayed since 2019. Currently, EJSin catches up by publishing its annual issues every half year.

*Ancient and Modern Practical Ethics of Humanity: Concrete Humanity from Mencius to Schweitzer

''Lenk, Hans'' pp. 7-27
*Figurism and Ideological Colonialism

''Holz, Harald'' pp. 28-32
*The Silk Road: Connections and Interactions between Chinese and European Philosophy
China as Inspiration for European Thinkers

''an der Heiden, Uwe'' pp. 33-51
*Past, Present & Future: Storytelling, Recitation and Repetition in Popular Education in the Yang Zheng Lei Bian

''Chu, Margaret'' pp. 52-94
*Things Unspoken in the Red Chamber Dreams

''Woesler, Martin'' pp. 95-111

http://universitypress.eu/9783865152978_005.pdf

Contact for contributions, purchase and subscriptions of online and paper issues: journals@universitypress.eu

'''Task for Susan'''

Please adjust the TOCs so that they look more like the following:

TOC: Chinese Literature, Essays Articles Reviews (CLEAR) v. 43 (2021)

CHINESE LITERATURE: ESSAYS ARTICLES REVIEWS

CONTENTS Volume 43 (Dec. 2021)

EDITORIAL

NECROLOGY
Eugene Chen Eoyang, 1939-2021

ESSAYS AND ARTICLES

Rebecca DORAN, “Clothing and Ways of Dressing as Narrative Motifs in Shishuo xinyu”

MEI Chun, “High-Brow Literature: Physiognomy and Scholar-Beauty Romance”

Yingying HUANG, “Nüxia and Footbinding: Forging the Female Knight-Errant”

GONG Haomin, “A World Without Enemies: Revenge, Sacrifice, and Redemption in Chen Kaige’s Adaptation of The Orphan of Zhao”

SPECIAL ISSUE ON YANG MU

Michelle YEH, “A Tribute to Yang Mu”

Yu-yu CHENG, “A Ceaseless Generative Structure: Yang Mu’s Views on Early Chinese Classical Literature”

Cheng-chung LIU, “Absorbed in Thought, Seeking all Around: Yang Mu’s Prose and Chinese and Western Literary Traditions”

Haun SAUSSY, “Yang Mu’s Poetic Returns”

Yueqin ZHAI, “The Tragic Spirit of the East: The ‘Drama of Sounds’ in Yang Mu’s Poems”

Joseph R. ALLEN, “As Always, Yang Mu: A Relationship of Letters”

REVIEWS OF BOOKS

Further details at: https://clear.wisc.edu

Categories: Announcement

Keywords: announcement, Chinese literature, Journal ToC

The European Journal of Chinese Studies (EJCS) is an independent journal on modern and contemporary China, founded in 2018. All issues including paper titles, abstracts and references can be accessed on http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php.

Due to the professionalization of its double blind peer review process, its copy editing process and its setting up of an ip range campus license system, the EJCS issues have been delayed since 2019. Currently, EJCS catches up by publishing its annual issues every half year.

===TOC European Journal of Chinese Studies 2 (2019)

CHINESE LITERATURE: ESSAYS ARTICLES REVIEWS

CONTENTS Volume 2 (2019)

ESSAYS AND ARTICLES

Martin WOESLER, Martin WANKE, Matthias KETTNER, Jens LANFER “The Chinese Social Credit System: Origin, political design, exoskeletal morality and comparisons to Western systems”

Huiling LUO, “No Distance Matters, neither any Difference: China-Spain Relations during Adolfo Suárez’ Government”

Michael Knüppel, “Preliminary report of a study on Arabic calligraphy of the Hui Muslims — the example of the dū ās (都阿)”

Cîndea Gîţă, Iulia Elena, Riccardo Moratto, “Chinese Literature in Romania: A Qualitative Study based on In-Depth Interviews with the Agents Involved in Sino-Romanian Transfer of Culture”

Further details at: http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php#EJCS2019

Categories: Announcement

Keywords: social credit system, trust, Chinese market economy, political loyalty, Journal ToC

===CFP “Young Chinese and their world view” European Journal of Chinese Studies 3 (2020) Special Issue===

'''Sample CFP'''

CFP: The Journal of Northeast Asian History Vol. 19-1

Type: Call for Papers

Location: Korea South

Subject Fields: Asian History / Studies, Chinese History / Studies, East Asian History / Studies, Japanese History / Studies, Korean History / Studies

CFP: The Journal of Northeast Asian History Vol. 19-1

Dear Colleagues,

The Northeast Asian History Foundation continues to expand its interaction with scholars specializing in Asian history and related fields outside East Asia. The Foundation is also strengthening its ties with leading institutions and scholars by encouraging interdisciplinary and comparative approaches to research on geopolitical, cultural, educational, and other issues in East Asia.

The Foundation publishes the Journal of Northeast Asian History (JNAH), a peer-reviewed semi-annual English-language journal that focuses on history-based approaches to Asian politics, cultures, economy and other fields to shed light on the historical realities of the Asian World. The Journal's geographical scope extends to other parts of the world which have significant relevancy to Asian history, thus charting globalism and localism from global perspectives.

In particular, we will welcome two topics that concern (1) Korea-China Relations and Historical Configuration in Northeast Asia and (2) US-China Relations and Historical Issues in East Asia, both of which will help explore further how inter-state and intra-state matters were and are liked together to the historical development of continental East Asia and how the confluence of these external and internal factors have been making vital impact on the various mode of regional interaction in modern East Asia and beyond.

The Journal of Northeast Asian History calls for the submission of outstanding and unpublished papers for review and possible publication in Winter 2022. We invite colleagues to consider the Journal when seeking to publish ongoing research since we believe this can be an impetus for further scholarly collaboration in the future. For full consideration, please submit manuscripts by July 31, 2022 for Winter Issue.

Please contact us at jnah@nahf.or.kr or jnah.nahf@gmail.com should you have any questions regarding the journal, its submission process or subscription to it.
Thank you in advance for your attention and contributions.

Editorial Board of Journal of Northeast Asian History (JNAH)

Contact Email: jnah@nahf.or.kr

Categories: CFP

Keywords: CFP

===CFP “David versus Goliath - Souvereignty issues of small countries and regions neighboring large countries” European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021) Special Issue===

CFP: European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021) Special Issue

'''Type:''' Call for Papers

'''Location:''' China

'''Subject Fields:''' Asian History / Studies, Chinese History / Studies, East Asian History / Studies

'''CFP:''' “David versus Goliath - Souvereignty issues of small countries and regions neighboring large countries” European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021)

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine — the most consequential military conflict Europe has witnessed since the Second World War — has riveted the attention of the world. Almost inevitably people look to draw analogies — both historical and contemporary ones. One popular contemporary analogy is between Russia’s actions vis-à-vis Ukraine and mainland China’s approach to Taiwan.

In this issue, we will welcome two topics that concern (1) Russia-Ukraine and (2) Mainland China-Taiwan. We aim to bring together papers that critically examine the two comparisons. We aim to bring together papers that (1) critically examine the differentiated situation of the two large authoriatarian nations; (2) discuss the ways in which two large authoritarian nations exert control on smaller neighbors; and (3) comparison with the approach of non-authoritarian large nations towards smaller neighbors; (4) consequences for world order, stability, peace and economical development.

'''Submit your abstract'''

'''Categories:''' CFP

Keywords: CFP

===CFP “The Chinese society system versus the Western society system” European Journal of Chinese Studies 5 (2022) Special Issue===
===CFP “China old and new” European Journal of Sinology 11 (2020) Special Issue===
===CFP “Traditional Chinese Culture and the Future” European Journal of Sinology 12 (2021) Special Issue===
===CFP “Cross-Cultural Elements in Chinese and Western Literary Works” European Journal of Chinese Studies () Special Issue===

CFP: European Journal of Chinese Studies () Special Issue

'''Type:'''Call for Papers

'''Location:'''Germany

'''Subject Fields:''' Chinese literature / Studies, Western literature / Studies

'''CFP:'''“Cross-Cultural Elements in Chinese and Western Literary Works” European Journal of Chinese Studies” European Journal of Chinese Studies ()

Communication is among the best ways to resolve differences and strengthen cooperation. At an age when "anti-globalization" continues to characterize global situation; conservatism and ultra-nationalism are on the rise; and regional conflicts become frequent, cross-cultural communication seems to be particularly meaningful.

In this issue, we will welcome topics that concern (1) Chinese literature and (2) Western literature. We aim to bring together papers that critically examine cross-cultural elements in Chinese and Western literature in general or in particular works. We will welcome papers that (1) critically examine the different culture and cross-cultural elements in Chinese and Western literature; (2) discusses the problems encountered in such cross-cutural communication; (3) what such communications contribute to Chinese or Western culture.

'''Submit your abstract'''

'''Categories: '''CFP

Keywords: CFP

==The following CFPs need to be written in Chinese==
===CFP “China rewrites history” European Journal of Sinology 13 (2022) Special Issue===
===CFP “China old and new” Hanxue 1 (2018) Special Issue===
===CFP “Traditional Chinese Culture and the Future” Hanxue 2 (2019) Special Issue===
===CFP “Continuities and Disruptions in Chinese Culture” Hanxue 3 (2020) Special Issue===
===CFP “The Chinese Fight Against Poverty” Hanxue 4 (2021) Special Issue===
===CFP “The Chinese Fight Against the Pandemic” Hanxue 5 (2022) Special Issue===

=Remarks=
各位学妹你们好，请在以上任务中挑选自己感兴趣的。另外，国际汉学中心（外院309）需要值班，值班期间要完成汉学中心相关工作，值班时间为周一到周五，具体时间可再商议。现在需要收集你们的可值班时间，中心会按照工作时长发放工资。请你们把可值班时间发在群里，我来排班。

Gabrielle: 周三整天，周四下午都可以

Li Xin 李欣: 周一和周三上午可以值班

LIAO Shiyun Classics 22: 周三整天，周四下午都可以

Susan Chu 祝美梅: 周二、周三、周四、周五下午都可以

李穎: 周三，周四下午

JMCentre

2024-01-09T16:33:07Z

You Tianwei: /* PhD and volunteer student staff work hour documentation */

This is the wiki website for daily work of the JM Centre of Excellence at Hunan Normal University.

This website shortlink: http://bou.de/u/wiki/JMCentre

Our public website: http://jmcentre.eu

=Registration on this website=
Please all participants register for this wiki in order to be able to edit the websites and also to add your information:

https://bou.de/u/wiki/Special:RequestAccount

Please fill in the registration form with your real name as "username" and as "real name". The password for registration and also for editing any website on the wiki is "wikicaptcha".

=PhD and volunteer student staff work hour documentation=

CCX, YTW, LR, DYY, BW

'''Date, time, hours, content of work'''

*CCX’ s working hours
CCX Dec 1 , 16:00-17:00,1 hours , discuss the survey with Pro. Ole on WeChat ,edit the survey questions
CCX Dec 5, 18:15-18:45, 0.5 hours, participation in meeting, report on the status of the survey
CCX Dec 12 19:00-19:30,0.5 hours, participation in meeting
CCX Dec 19, 18:30-19.30, 1 hours, participation in meeting, report on the status of the survey

*YTW‘s working hours
YTW Dec 18, 16:00-17:00, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 24-31;
YTW Dec 23, 21:40-22:50, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 31-49;
YTW Dec 25, 19:35-20:39, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 49-65. fertig.
YTW Jan 6, 21:27-22:38, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, reworked the transcriptions, fertig.
YTW Jan 6-7 23:00-00:13, Goethe, reworked the paper.
YTW Jan 9-10 22.50-00:28, reworked the paper about the translation of 丫鬟（servant or slave？） in “Dream of the Red Chamber”

*LR

*DYY

*BW

=Minutes=
==Nov 16, 2023==
Minutes of the Kick-off meeting “EU JM Centre of Excellence for Digitalization of University Teaching” Nov 16, 2023, 10:00-11:30 am, HNU Tenglong Building, room 309
===Protocol: Martin Woesler===
===Participants===
Prof. Woesler, Prof. Jiang Lihua, Prof. Porter, PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, Zhouli Ziruo, Volunteer "Sari" Cai Xixiu.

===Next Meeting===
Friday Nov 24, 2023, 10:00 am room 309. For those who can only attend online: Zoom: http://bit.ly/ZOOMCOURSE

===Your contact people: The project staff===
Project Leader: Prof. Woesler, Project Assistants: PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong. The staff takes on the double task of conducting research (especially systematic literature reviews, surveys, field experiments testing different learning spaces or digital tools) and doing the administration (keeping the overview, watching the timeline, reports on the EU platform, reminding of deadlines, organizing meetings, inviting project members and external experts to joint papers, conferences, anthologies etc.).

===Salaries===
The project started in September and the project staff has already invested some work. So far, the payment of the salaries was not yet agreed to by the accounting office, they wanted more information. Still, there is a lot of work which needs to be done, including website and reports, until December. Therefore, it is important, that the accounting office already pays the monthly salaries to the project staff now in November.

===Budget===
The budget is quite large and except from the salary for the project staff contains several sub posts, like lump sum salary for students, travel reimbursement, equipment, website programming, conference costs etc. Prof. David Porter offered to design and create a EU and a CN website adhering to the respective policies.

===Personnel===
For the 5 Research Groups, the following heads were suggested:

#Regulation (Comparison) Liu Bai
#Experiences (Comparison) Aline
#Effectiveness of digital tools: David Porter, Ole Döring, Yang Zhiming

Explanation: (How to achieve learning outcomes of teaching in presence also with online or technology-enhanced teaching? Quality measurement.)
#Learning Spaces (Comparison): Jiang Lihua
#ChatGPT/PostEdit (Comparison C-EU): Martin Woesler

===Salary for Project Personnel and Project Members===
There is no monthly salary foreseen in the budget for all participants. But everybody who invests time in the project should be reimbursed. Since the publication of papers is the most important in the project, the project offers to reimburse all Professors and PhD candidates, who publish a paper to be reimbursed for 50 hours (each SCI, SSCI or A&HCI impact paper, corresponds to 1000 Euros for professors and 500 Euros for students), 25 hours (each CSSCI impact paper, corresponds to 500 Euros for professors and 250 Euros for students). Non PhD-Students (but Bachelor- or Master students) who participate, e.g. in the many time consuming tasks like literature review, surveys, field experiments, will be reimbursed with a lump sum per month and will be informed about the expected number of hours they are required to work.

===Credits and Acknowledgments===
Hunan Normal University needs to be mentioned as the affiliated university of both, the 1st and 2nd author. Also, the grant acknowledgement and disclaimer need to be printed with the paper, e.g. as a footnote or endnote. All posters, websites etc. need to display the EU Erasmus + co-funding logo.

===Things to do===
#Prof. Jiang: Please invite Prof. Liu Bai and Prof. Yang Zhiming.
#Prof. Jiang: Dean Situ and the Accounting office may contact you to reconfirm that the first money can be paid from the grant amount received.
#Ole: Please invite Prof. Aline Tedeschi
#Everybody: Please start to read the newest research papers on the topic. The library offers and EBSCO access. Ole can instruct student groups to perform different Systematic Literature Reviews. Languages should be at least Chinese and English. Some research questions should be developed through these literature reviews. Please keep in touch in the WeChat group and exchange your findings.

===Things to do for the project staff===
#Finalize report of old project (this part of the work is NOT paid by the new project) both on the EU platform as well as on the website http://jmchair.eu.
#Organize setting up a Website
#Get the frequent payments running with the accounting office in coordination with the College leadership.
#Conduct systematic literature reviews, develop research questions, surveys, field studies, experiments etc. => results on wiki for everybody to use.
#Set up virtual working space on wiki and invite everybody to join. Publish there all findings.
#Invite everybody to the next meeting next Friday 10 am and collect points for the agenda from the participants.

P.S.: After the meeting, Prof. Jiang invited Prof. Woesler to join the current session of her Colloquium into room 410 (13:00-14:15). There he introduced the project again and offered the PhD candidates to join the project, preferrably assisting the head of research group 4, Prof. Jiang Lihua. PhD candidates are encouraged to join because they can make double use of their research for the project/publications and their thesis. Also, the participation in the project will be certified and can be used in the curriculum vitae for job applications.

==Nov 24, 2023==
Minutes of the second weekly meeting “EU JM Centre of Excellence for Digitalization of University Teaching” Nov 24, 2023, 10:00-11:30 am, HNNU Tenglong Building, room 309

===Protocal: Liu Rong, edited: Martin Woesler===

===Participants===
Prof. Woesler, Prof. Porter, Prof. Ma Nake, PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, "Sari" Cai Xixiu.

===Next Meeting===
Scheduled for Tuesday Nov 29, 16:00 and 18:15 Chinese time room 309. For those who can only attend online: Tencent Meeting:https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/bCQdfgGlezZ1

===Budget and Salary===
For student volunteers the budget provides a total of 4,000 Yuan per month over the range of 3 years. Since there is a higher workload before and during conferences, we will have to be able to assign both salaries (e.g. for Cai Cixiu) and short-term contract salaries (e.g. for conferences). The project staff receives regular payments. The request for first payments has been submitted.

===Things to do===
#Sari: Please conduct a MikeCRM survey. Print the research questionnaire by Prof. Doering, and conduct the survey with the students who participated in the painting event. (When conducting the survey, the respondents’ initials with birth date (like WJG1001) can be used to code them, so that the privacy of respondents can be protected and we can compare and analyze developments.)
#Phd students: Please analyze the survey results of the last EU project, and upload the parts of the final report to the EU website (compare the answers of Prof. Woesler’s with the students’ answer and get the percentage both at the beginning and the end of the semester. If there is a progress, this would be a good result for the report.) Also copy documentation to website jmchair.eu.
#Prof. Porter: Thank you for submitting the first samples for a website. They are under review.
#Everybody: Start reading. Prepare systematic literature reviews on the project topic, develop research questions, surveys, field studies, experiments etc. => results on wiki for everybody to use.

===Next Meeting===
Scheduled for Tuesday Nov 29, 16:00 and 18:15 Chinese time room 309. For those who can only attend online: Tencent Meeting:https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/bCQdfgGlezZ1

==Minutes Nov 28, 2023==

===Participants===
David, Aline, Martin, Duan Yuanyuan, Sari, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong

===Website ===

The new website http://jmcentre.eu is online currently as a copy of http://jmchair.eu. The PhD students have a laptop with which they can edit the website. They will fill in the documentation of the events and courses of the last project on jmcentre.eu and then start to adjust the new website. Later the website might move to a smart phone friendly content management system provided by David Porter, which then should be copied to http://jmcentre.eu

===Literature Review===

David and Alina start reading papers on Digitalization of University Teaching. David will report about a AI question next time.

===Support by University Council President===

The University Council President Prof. Jiang offered his support to our project.

He could host the lecture series.

We will look for EU projects he can apply for.

===Work to be done soon===

PhD candidates: Submit frequent reports on EU platform, e.g. that the website is set up and running.

Everybody: Look for external experts (Chinese and Foreign, out of budget concerns best from within China or if from elsewhere online), which can be invited to a lecture series and a workshop.

===Wiki work platform===
Everybody should document the work (the PhD students also the hours and what work exactly was done during the hours) on http://bou.de/u/wiki/JMCentre

===Next meeting===
Scheduled for Dec 5, 2023, 17:15 in room 309 and on Tencent Meeting.

https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/srf6bMHRBJcN

#腾讯会议：240-505-868

==Next meeting Tue Dec 12, 18:15 http://bit.ly/ZOOMCOURSE, password: course==

==December 5, 2023, 17:15 internal, 18:15 meeting==
We meet in #309 and online on https://meeting.tencent.com/dw/Grwr602gM2k1 #腾讯会议：811-356-704.

===Participants===
David Porter, Ole Döring, Martin Woesler, Duan Yuanyuan, Sari, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong

===Report by David Porter on AI and University Teaching===
Ethical questions towards ChatGPT.

How can I use ChatGPT for teaching in class?

Brainstorming

Writing tradition.

Critical thinking skills, reading habits, writing habits.

Do you think it would be appropriate to use ChatGPT.

How much percentage could be replaced with ChatGPT.

Research literacy.

The students are asked why they are given the tasks.

Complete lack of ethical reasoning.

The human input: Prompting.

Standardized surveys exist for cheating and plagiarizing.

Revalue the understanding of "cheating".

A few years ago, one was

"Is it ok to copy and paste a paragraph for your own paper and claim its yours."

"Is it ok to copy and paste a paragraph to ChatGPT."

Frankensteining assisting parts.

Does it matter that ChatGPT plagiarizes?

Authorship discussion.

===Survey===
Compare impression of the learning effect when watching paper images and painter in comparison to watch images on ppt.

Creativity, you can see the entire process of production and consumption.

===Check on the to dos===
Can we get any PhD candidates from the Colloquium to join?

Have the people mentioned in the Minutes of the Kick-off meeting been invited to join?
===Report on the payments by the accounting department===
The staff has been paid for the first three months. Only Zhouli Ziruo needs to set up an account with the department and can only receive salary starting from January 2024.

To do: Duan Yuanyuan will apply that also Sari gets paid the student volunteer lump sum.

==Minutes for Dec 12, 2023==
Participants: David Porter, Zhouli Ziruo and Martin Woesler, Liu Rong, Sari Cai Zixiu.

===Report by David Porter===
*Scheduling research during the winter break.
*Fri Dec 15, 2023, 12:00 pm Meeting to discuss survey with David and Ole. Invitation: Sari, Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, Benjamin Wellsand. David will send a reminder in beforehand.

===Report by Martin Woesler===
Personnel: Benjamin Wellsand will replace Zhouli Ziruo among the three PhD students.

Waiting for payment by accounting department.

EU ratified the AI Ethics law. Cf. to UN resolution.

Martin will add information and put the links here.

===Report by Martin Woesler on Grants for going to a French university as a visiting professor, chair professors===
For now, I recommend to already check out the grants to prepare a good application. Regarding the chair professor or visiting scholar programs for foreign professors in France, there are the following mostly financed by the EU, sometimes together with the French Ministry of Science (I have indicated all weblinks):

1. Chair Program with Universities and Grand Ecoles

In addition to receiving visiting professors or researchers, many French universities and Grandes Ecoles have chair programmes to welcome researchers from around the world. These programmes are usually designed for specific scientific problems and last for a limited time. The Collège de France in particular has developed a programme of excellence in which many chairs are reserved for foreign researchers or professors. www.college-de-france.fr.

2. Chair Programs with Research Establishments

Further, there are corporate chairs that enable foreign researchers to work with a company and research establishment for up to 2 years. This programme is financed by the French National Research Agency.
http://www.agence-nationale-recherche.fr/suivi-bilan/historique-des-appels-a-projets/appel-detail1/chaires-industrielles-2017/

3. Visiting Professors

3.1 the RFIEA (Réseau Français des Instituts d’Etudes Avancées French Network of Institutes of Advanced Studies): http://rfiea.fr/;

3.2 The University of Paris 1 PanthéonSorbonne: https://www.univparis1.fr/international/enseignants-chercheurs-invites/venir-comme-professeur-invite/;

3.3 the University of ParisSaclay, with the Alembert programme: https://www.universiteparis-saclay.fr/fr/recherche/appel-projet/jean-dalembert;

3.4 AixMarseille University https://amidex.univamu.fr/fr/notre-projet;

3.5 the University of Paris 13: https://www.univ-paris13.fr/professeurs-invites/;

3.6 the UPMC: http://www.upmc.fr/fr/international/mobilite_des_chercheurs.html.

4. If he wants to go with a research team:

Experienced researchers may request funding for their research team from the European Research Council (ERC).

4.1 A Consolidator Grant https://erc.europa.eu/funding/consolidator-grants or

4.2 Advanced Grant https://erc.europa.eu/funding/advanced-grants can finance all or part of your stay, as well as that of your team, for up to 5 years. These grants can reach 2.5 million euros.

===Tasks for next week===
Everybody should read a few papers on use of digital technology and/or AI for university teaching and related topics.

Until the end of the year, we should also collect the names of some experts, we want to invite to our lecture series.

==Meeting Dec 19, 2023==
Dec 19, 2023 18:15 Chinese time online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09

====Participants====
Liu Rong, Cai Cixiu, Martin Woesler, David Porter by WeChat text message

====Approaching Deadlines====
We have to report with the continuous reporting until Dec 31, 2023 if Deliverable 1.1, to setup a website, has been fulfilled. Martin Woesler will report this (the website has been set up unter the url http://jmcentre.eu).

====Tasks for researchers and staff====
All of us invite identify foreign experts and the meeting will decide who is going to be invited and then the person having suggested the expert should also reach out to them to ask if they would join for a lecture in our lecture series or even more (like cooperating in one of the research groups).
=====Prof. Luis Cordeiro-Rodrigues, Hunan University=====
Suggested by David Porter.
====Tasks for staff====
Task for the staff: Please write down all deadlines, so that you can make sure, that the reports are written in time and the deliverables are fulfilled before the end of the deadlines.

*Dec 31, 2023. D1.1 Website WP1 1 - HUNNU DEC —Websites, patent filings, videos, etc PU - Public 3
*Oct 1, 2024. D1.2 International Conference presentation WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 12
*Jul 1, 2025. D1.3 Presentation of Anthology in English WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 21
*Oct 1, 2025 D1.4 Conference presentation with German external partner university WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 24
*Jul 1, 2025 D1.5 Presentation of Anthology in Chinese WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 33
*Sep 30, 2025 D1.6 Presentation on Conference WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 36

====Staff hour documentation====
Reminder: Please all staff members (Liu Rong, Duan Yuanyuan, Zhouli Ziruo, Benjamin Wellsand) and external staff members paid from other funds (You Tianwei) please remember to document your working hours above: [[JMCentre#PhD_and_volunteer_student_staff_work_hour_documentation]].

====Salary====
Duan Yuanyuan will ask the accounting department to pay the salary for December. This time, also Zhouli Ziruo, Cai Cixiu and Benjamin Wellsand should be added with their bank connections.

====Tasks for everybody for the winter break====
#Hard work between Dec 27-Jan 8 for those who do not go on Xmas holiday.
#Find and read papers, prepare research questions.
#Identify external experts we can invite to our lecture series.
#All staff hours (also earlier ones) are documented NOW on our website.
#Duan Yuanyuan adds bank connections of the missing three assistants to the accounting department.
#Find fitting standard surveys we can use, use them and publish a paper on the results.
#Martin Woesler will send David Porter a task list for website-related issues.
#Martin Woesler improves final report of old project and reports website http://jmcentre.eu to EU, deadline Dec 31, 2023. The PL has already contacted EU and send a draft, waits for approval to submit the report within the next days.
#Every staff member helps with technical work of paper submissions, transcriptions, translations, marketing/dissemination, website improvements etc. as asked for by the project leader.

====Next Meeting: Jan 9, 2024====
==Meeting Jan 9, 2024 18:15 Chinese time (11:15 European time)==

We meet both in person in office #309 and online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09

Everybody please prepare a 1 minute input what you found out so far from the literature, about experts we can invite and what you want to conduct research on.

===Input by David Porter===
Pardon any typos. As mentioned last time I would recommend we invite Prof. Luis Cordeiro-Rodrigues from Hunan University as he has experience with AI and ethics and is ‘right next door’ so to speak. I am happy to reach out to him but I think it would be good to have a formal CFP or fixed plan so that I can explain exactly what we would be invited for and when.

If invited speakers don’t have to be university-affiliated academics I would recommend Matt Sheehan (matt.sheehan@ceip.org) who is a fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, a journal and involved with various think-tanks relating to global technology (including China - he is supposed to be fluent in Chinese). Zhu Junhua (junzhu@utu.fi https://www.utu.fi/en/people/junhua-zhu ) is a doctoral student at University of Turku, and so still an early career scholar but is doing work on AI governance and ethics who might be someone who can bridge the Europe-China divide. We all come across a lot of names, so it might be good to have a more settled idea of what our conference might focus on more narrowly?

I want to focus on AI and university teaching with a comparative focus on Europe and China. Even in the past few years there are thousands of relevant articles but I will focus on a few more specific and nuanced research goals in the next couple months. It will likely relate to the adoption of AI in educational institutions in both regions during and post-COVID, impact of AI on student engagement, and overall learning outcomes but I want to tie into ethical considerations. Can put this crudely:
1) How extensively is AI tech currently integrated into university teaching in Europe and China?
2) How do educators perceive and navigate the associated challenges with AI and their teaching practices? (ethics here).
3) What is the impact of AI on outcomes: academic performance, yes, but also student engagement and real learning outcomes (not just bullshit test scores) in European and Chinese universities?
4) What about institutional, cultural or contextual differences that shape the adoption and impact of AI in university teaching between Europe and China?

I am still working on Literature Review and narrowing down what lit to review since comprehensiveness is impossible/obsolete the day after it is done. I want to work this into something of a comparative analysis between Europe and China in terms of AI adoption and its impact on university teaching (not exactly that but something like that). Before next semester I want to have a tangible plan for some surveys to gather qualitative and quantitative data. I have a timeline to do the preliminary work by March and serious development for something that can be submitted for publication next Fall (optimistically October, absit omen).

====List of experts to invite for lecture series====
====Recommendations by David Porter====
*Prof. Luis Cordeiro-Rodrigues, Hunan University, has experience with AI and ethics and is ‘right next door’ so to speak. I am happy to reach out to him but I think it would be good to have a formal CFP or fixed plan so that I can explain exactly what we would be invited for and when.
*Matt Sheehan (matt.sheehan@ceip.org) fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, a journal and involved with various think-tanks relating to global technology (including China - he is supposed to be fluent in Chinese)
*Zhu Junhua (junzhu@utu.fi https://www.utu.fi/en/people/junhua-zhu )
=====Recommendations by Cai=====
*Prof. Hu Xiaoyong, Huanan Daxue (South China University) more than 100 articles on Application of Artificial Intelligent Education, Teaching from the perspective of AI, teacher intelligent education, hosted research projects

====Draft of Call for papers - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====

====Collection of Ideas what to do in the project - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====

====Ideas for surveys - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====

====Ideas for the conference on July 20-22 - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====
July 20 Lectures in Poznan

July 21 Lectures in Poznan

July 22 morning: conference bus drives us from Poznan to Prague

July 22 morning: Young Scholars' Conference (all student assistants in the project should give 1 presentation)

July 22 afternoon: final sessions with one panel on our project "Digitalization of University Teaching" (online participation from our conference room in Changsha provided)

====Ideas for more structural work and plans - please EVERYBODY help to write it here====

===Next Meeting Jan 16, 2024 18:15 Chinese time (11:15 European time)===
Next meeting is scheduled for Jan 16, 2024 18:15 Chinese time online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09

==Meeting Jan 16, 2024, 18:15 Chinese time (11:15 European time)==
===Report on Final Report last JM project===
===Report on Report on deliverable 1.1 „Website“ due December 2024===

==Deadline Oct 1, 2024 Conference==
D1.2 International Conference presentation WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 12
==Deadline Jul 1, 2025 Anthology==
D1.3 Presentation of Anthology in English WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 21
==Deadline Oct 1, 2025 Conference==
D1.4 Conference presentation with German external partner university WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 24
==Deadline Jul 1, 2025 Anthology==
D1.5 Presentation of Anthology in Chinese WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 33
==Deadline Sep 30, 2025 Conference==
D1.6 Presentation on Conference WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 36

=PREPARATION OF WACS 8 2024 in Poznan/Athens/Changsha=

Ideas to professionalize our annual conference and to win more people to participate
#we only recommend a conference hotel with a conference discount, but the participants book directly with the hotel. This helps us to lower the conference fees to maybe 190€. Also, we only accept international bank payment directly to the association‘s account.
#We should send a flyer to us universities in order to get some PhD candidates, who can present part of their Thesis. And of course scholars as a main target group.
#Last time we also improved: double blind peer review,
# issuing travel stipends,
#awards in different categories,
#chairs and discussants for all panels,
#hybrid format.

With budget cut over the years, except for the few very well-endowed private univs, in the US, most professors only have 1 trip paid. They will choose the most relevant and established one or two. Graduate students basically pay for themselves, so they only go to AAS and/or AAS Regional conferences.

With zoom, you have more flexibility.

Dan's perspectives are from those in linguistics, a much smaller group than the scope WACS advertises.

1. As a very young asso., even with high level and strong backing, you cannot compete with the established ones.

2. Your initial vision seemed to be a platform to bring in prc sinologists who don't work with the Eng lang.

3. But you also include Eng lang papers.

4. The last few years show that W European & N Am scholars are not attracted to the conference.

A) Some feedback seems to be this is a crazy group of people, a nicer way of saying they are unprofessional and disorganised.

B) The dates may be a part of it but less critical than the messiness.

5) So two issues:

A) the volume and national variety of participants; and

B) the asso's administration of the conferences.

6) Possible remedies:

A) you need a systematic way of proactively reaching out to universities and colleges all over the world, by sending the departments information about the coming year's conference & links, etc.

You have to do this every year. Your conference's scope covers culture, history, ling., lit, phil, pol sci, etc., so to each of these departments, a notice could be sent.

You can do so with a master list by approaching a certain number in each continent the first year, then adding a few more for that country the next year, and so on.

You can even target specific regions/ continents in different years. You are in Eastern Europe, it's a good time to get them to participate. Maybe alongside, this year, it is SE Asia. (Next year, it could be S. Am & Australia as specific targets.)

B) The asso's org: herein lies the foundation of the problem. Until you look hard into it and take serious steps to overhaul it, putting in place functional committees with members who put in time and energy to administer and operate the asso., hence the conference as well, even if (A) is successful one year, it will evaporate in a handful of years.

7) In short, it is necessary to prioritise the structural/ organisational reform in administration & operation, before the change of dates.

8) Since changing the dates in a big way may not bring in many more new participants, you may want to hold it off.

A) You may want to have someone to do a quick research to see when, e.g. Asia & SE Asia is most unlikely to attend a conf, then when in S Am, etc., and the reasons. You get an overview, then you decide.

=FROM HERE ON, THIS IS THE WEBSITE OF THE OLD JEAN MONNET CHAIR PROJECT - General Status=
*Spend the remaining JMC funds: We need to document the JMC activities (add Fan Ni's, current courses, current meetings) in a file, publish it on our website and apply for reimbursement
*Prepare Dec 6, 2022 Donation campaign http://bou.de/fanyi.html
*Prepare Mar, 1, 2023 JMC application 2023-2026
*Prepare August 31, 2023 JMC report

=Conferences=
*Conference August 12-14: Prepare Proceedings

==Editing of Journal Hanxue 2018-2023==
*ISSN received
*Each issue needs to be finalized and then submitted to proof reader

Please write here the status and the person in charge of the following issues. Please especially mention if the papers are complete or for how many papers we are still waiting for the revised version
* Oct 14 漢學 1 (2018) => submission to US ISSN centre, adding information on journals.php
* Oct 14 漢學 2 (2019)
* Oct 14 漢學 3 (2020)
* Oct 14 漢學 4 (2021)
* Oct 14 漢學 5 (2022)

===Paper Published and Resubmitted===
作者、名称、发表情况、收到情况、新文章名称

*''1. 潘銘基 Poon Ming Kay 班固《漢書》的經學意義與《春秋》筆法——兼論《漢書》的傳授與讀法已发表已收到《略論傳統儒家文化與聯合國永續發展目標》''

*'''2. 鄭煒明、陳玉瑩上博簡《訟成》（原題《容成氏》）篇與先秦墨家的談辯和說書已发表无'''

*'''3. 王棕琦Wong Tsung Kei 《文子．道德》篇章結構考論——兼論今本《文子》據古本《文本》改易《淮南》原文的情況已发表无'''

*''4. 伍亭因《孔叢子-詰墨》成篇問題芻議（补充）未发表已收到''

*''5. 朱惠国论辛弃疾二十四首《临江仙》的体式及其词谱学意义已发表已收到《论<永遇乐>的声律特征及后世影响》''

*''6. 周能俊 “嘉禾”符瑞对元魏政治的影响——以北魏承明元年的齐州“嘉禾”事件为例已发表已收到《唐大中初年道教瑞应与国家政治的互动》''

*7. 黃啟深《勵忠節鈔》引《世說新語》考論部分发表修改中

*'''8. 趙望秦Wang-qin Zhao 透過文化記憶視窗看“史漢優劣”的演變已发表无（关于中韩文化方面的内容找不到）'''

*''9. 位灵芝红楼梦精雅生活——从贾宝玉说起未发表已收到''

*''10. 陈洁论《新青年》编辑权的改变对其分化的影响已发表已收到《鲁迅与新潮社》''

*''11. Shang, Yuchen 尚昱辰虚构与真实——晚明戏曲中情鬼戏的审美意涵未发表已收到''

*''12. 曹波贝克特《庸女梦》中的中国音乐：改写与误读未发表已收到''

*'''13. 梁世和尋求化解文明衝突之道——一行禪師「入世佛教」思想探析已发表已收到《南人北学陆陇其》投明年的其他会议集'''

*'''14. 曾秀萍（日）常與非常：跨越陰陽的臺灣同志/酷兒影像已发表无'''

*''15. 洪淑苓從｢父母國」出走——安琪詩中的空間經驗與女性主體建構（补充）未发表已收到''

1-15篇（何君负责收集联系，15位作者中，9位的文章已发表，其中4位表示此次不提供其他文章，1位表示新论文改投到明年的其他论文集中，已收到文章10篇，其中4篇为新文章，待审核，另有1篇正在修改中）

*16.

*17.吴双中日“水浒豪杰"的绘画形象比较
未发表修改中，本周内提交

*40张惠經典西扦之文化再塑——現代英文劇本《大觀園》之哲學與國族新面相已发表新稿件目前正在修改格式

*42陳惠齡台灣新竹寺廟、詩僧與地景所體現的地方文化空間性已发表不提供新文章

*46于宏古體漢語詩歌翻譯管闚未发表稿件修改中

==Internal Search for Reviewer from the field of Translation into German==
* June 15 Find people, contact - Martin Woesler

==Payment of Research Assistants==
* June 10 Duan Yuanyuan - please update progress here incl. reimbursement of travel costs

==Translation projects in general==
[[Book_projects]]

==Translation projects for Foreign Languages Press==
Completed by June 12
* June 6 Wisdom final proof reading 66%
* June 8 Poverty final proof reading 0%

==Translation projects for CCTSS==
* Check raw translation [[Chinesisches Kulturlexikon]] Wörterbuch Dictionary

==Own translation projects==
* June 15 HLM 4th edition

==CFP, TOC==
* June 13 Upgrade EJS 2 (2019)

==Major research project for Lueneburg==
* June 10 review Martin Woesler

==Grading of old courses==
* June 20 Martin Woesler

==Establishing standards for current papers MA Classics, MA Lang&Cult, BA Cult==
* June 15 Send standards to students

==Papers==
*[[Grading system in China]] submitted to David Martin MAY 3, 2022, now: publish
*[[Interculturality in HLM]] submitted to 2nd reviewer in USA, get back on Thursday => submit to Routledge

==CLEARED: Interviews==
* June 10 [[2022 Interview by Lou Kang]] 娄康
* June 19 [[2022 Interview by Xinhua She]]
* Published May 30, 2022: [[Interview by Wan Shuyuan 2022]]

=Imminant tasks=
*We update the website almost daily http://jmchair.eu/en/ and http://jmchair.eu/cn/ '''Liao Shiyun & Li Xin''': updates events incl. photos (参考 http://jmchair.eu/en/impressum.php), split into smaller pages http://jmchair.eu/en/participation.php; Write new: http://jmchair.eu/en/euprog.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/network.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/comparison.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/teaching.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/links.php. Martin Woesler: add new surveys into http://jmchair.eu/en/surveys.php.
*Liu Rong: We work on an '''official WeChat channel''' 微信公众号 and will post the activities there
*HX: 2018 7 Western-Chinese Cultural Studies I, 2019 7 Western-Chinese Cultural Studies II, 2020 6 drama, 2021 9 poetry, 2022 7 classics, 2023 7 literary histories, 2024 6 Religion and Philosophy. 在头里《汉学》1 (2018)。英文里面书要italic写，doi号码不对，应该是DOI:10.12906/9781682025215_002。总共的字体要大一点，因为很多人在屏幕上看。大家注意一下：doi 是这样算出来的：DOI:10.12906/97816820252 这一部分每一次都一样，然后1（2018）加“15_001”（封面和目录）、加“15_002”（第一篇）、加“15_003”（第二篇）、加“15_004”（第三篇）等等。2（2019）加“22_001”、“22_002”、“22_003”、“22_004”等等，3（2020）加“39_001”、“39_002”、“39_003”、“39_004”等等，4（2021）加“46_001”、“46_002”、“46_003”、“46_004”等等，5（2022）加“53_001”、“53_002”、“53_003”、“53_004”等等，6（2023）加“60_001”、“60_002”、“60_003”、“60_004”等等，7（2024）加“77_001”、“77_002”、“77_003”、“77_004”等等，8（2025）加“84_001”、“84_002”、“84_003”、“84_004”等等，9（2026）加“91_001”、“91_002”、“91_003”、“91_004”等等。
*EJS: Martin: EJCS 2019 update page numbers => publish, TOC; CFP. We need to publish TOC and CFP for EJS, EJCS, and HX
*We need to submit papers on Lu Xun, web literature to MCLC, grading system, and Chinoisérie to A&HCI journal of ancient China
*We need to write a larger anthology of research results
*We need to write [[Book_projects|several books]], one is the [[History of Chinese Studies]], another one the [[Appropriateness Theory Book]].
*Connect with German Literature / Translation colleague: joint research
*Work on 4th edition of Honglou meng: Check illustrations with Zhang Hui

==Wait for feedback==
*Sven Kramer from Leuphana University
*New papers from Zhang Hui, Yu Hong, Hong Shu-ling

=We need to keep reminding=
*Lihua Jiang helps to solve the following problems: JM grant (the first amount has to be paid to the participating teachers), Seed grant (will reimburse flight costs and student assistants' salaries), admission of international student Markus Mueller to PhD program, admission of Olha Woesler to BA program to collect more certificates for teaching at FSC
=Successfully completed tasks=
*We have submitted the [[Interview by Wan Shuyuan 2022]], it got more than 1 million readers and was republished on several platforms including the website of the Chinese Embassy in Germany
*The JM budget of 40.000 Euros was moved from "Research" to "Education" 教务处 and paid to the participating teachers. Now we need to provide evidence for more teachings so that the remaining 10.000 Euros and 16.667 Euros matching funds from the university can be spent and 10,000 Euros will be reimbursed upon delivery of the report. Contact person: WeChat ID chiryhuo 霍丽 Lei Li，传神湖南高校的联系人 (Aim: Get the funds assigned to Martin Woesler, then paid to the participating teachers)

=Staff tasks=
==Martin Woesler==
*Send everyone a sample of the journal and the vetting (review) of the Chinese essays.
*Prepare 2 MOOC contents and produce films
==Duan Yuanyuan==
'''Funds Management'''
*Submit a new Seed Grant 启动资金 to Administration: So in the new budget, we should have maybe 55.000 Yuan travel and (quarantine) hotel cost, 10.000 Yuan office 309 和 415 设备 (比如冰箱、饮水机), 30.000 Yuan salary for assistants, 5.000 Yuan budget for books and decoration (statues, paintings) we buy for the two walls and bookshelfs in both offices. If it is not possible to buy fridge etc. from it, we can plan this money differently. I am afraid we will spend all the money totally soon. Therefore, I will have to apply for a second budget maybe for 2023. I don't know if they grant me a second budget.
*The EU Grant requires to spend 67.000 Euros first, submit spending receipts and then apply for reimbursement of remaining 10.000 Euros. This means that the university has to release the 40.000 Euros now, is ready to spend the remaining 27.000 Euros then and get reimbursed only 10.000 Euros later.
*Read into the technical requirements of managing EU funds, this includes registering on web sites, filling out forms, submitting information and requesting fundings, controlling the funds arriving at the HUNNU account, forwarding it to the recipients at HUNNU, coordinating with financial department of HUNNU.
==Liao Shiyun 廖诗韵==
*Translates Chinese website http://jmchair.eu/cn/centre.php (网页第七部分（国际汉学中心））

Create [[Description of the Centre]] for the College Website https://fsc.hunnu.edu.cn/info/1148/4103.htm

==Zhu Meimei 祝美梅==
*List all the activities on the 6 part of the website (第六部分课程资源那一块还需要一位同学帮忙添加一些课程和活动内容（应该可以参考维基网站的课程内容）)
==Li Xin==
*Write Introduction to Centre for official FSC website 需要请一位同学帮忙充实第七部分（国际汉学中心）简介部分，可参考https://fsc.hunnu.edu.cn/info/1148/4103.htm。（李欣）
==Please add names and work report of further staff==
=Tasks sorted by topics=
=Course Enrichment Grant（Liao Shiyun）=
*Collecting contents and work proofs from the different participants of the "Course Enrichment Grant", bringing it into a representative form, uploading it on the Jean Monnet website and managing the EU Studies material database online. LIAO Shiyun (also Wiki Admin Classics course)
*Martin please remember to send the profiles to Liao Shiyun
*Activities

Teacher 课程course title 2020winter 2021summer 2021winter 2022spring Spalte1 SUMME

Jean Monnet Work Meeting (with Martin Woesler, Margaret Chu, Martin Warnke, add date and time)

Margaret Chu Lecture (here we also need to make sure that honorarium and travel reimbursement from College is paid, we need to add date and topic)

Martin Warnke Lecture (here we also need to make sure that honorarium and travel reimbursement from College is paid, we need to add date and topic)

Martin Woesler Foundation of Chinese Culture 24 32 32 88 7040

Martin Woesler Introduction to Translation Studies 24 32 56 4480

Martin Woesler Chinese Languages and Cultures 24 32 56 4480

Martin Woesler Chinese Classics Translation 32 32 2560

Martin Woesler German Phonetics 32 32 2560

Martin Woesler MOOC CompLit 1 3 4 320

Martin Woesler Colloquium 1 1 80

Jia Yanfang 《计算机辅助翻译》 24 32 56 4480

Deng Yurong College English 40 48 32 120 9600

Luo Fang 法语口译实务 24 24 1920

Ole Doering and Cord Eberspächer English Translations of Chinese Classics 34 34 2720

Fan Ni 德语（三） 32 32 2560

Lars Nowak Deutsch Hören und Sprechen (2) 32 32 2560

192 211 64 100 567 45360

15360 16880 5120 8000 45360

'''Euro-China Dialogues by Martin Woesler'''

Cross-Universities Tea Chat on International Women's Day with a lecture from the European perspective on systemic problems to implement total equality, Western Cafe
与几大高校人员于国际妇女节当日共同讨论了从欧洲角度看待实现完全平等这一话题。

Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102
与30名英语母语者本科生在专家楼1栋102开展野餐以及户外烧烤活动，同时共同讨论了有关欧洲联盟的政体，演变历史，发展前景等相关内容。

Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 20 MA students, Expert Building 1-102
与20名英语母语者研究生在专家楼1栋102开展野餐以及户外烧烤活动，同时探讨了中欧考试制度，教育理念，教育方式的异同等相关话题。

German Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102
与30名本科生在专家楼1栋102开展德式野餐以及户外烧烤活动，并探讨了中欧文化在双方地域的接受度问题。

Colloquium with Jiang Lihua: European perspective on marketing films for Chinese cities, room
吴教授与“语言智能与跨文化传播研究小组”在湖南师范大学外国语学院601教室举办了线下读书分享会，主题为“形象学视角下国家外宣形象的建构”，会议语言为英语。与会学生畅所欲言，就本次主题展开热烈讨论，均收益颇丰。

Dec 13, 2019 19:00-21:00 Warnke, lecture

Dec 14, 2019 14:00-16:00 Warnke, colloquium

Dec 16, 2019 19:00-21:00 Chu, lecture

Mar 6, 15:00-19:00 JM Dialogue: European Woman's Day, with Multinational Circle, Shiguang Zhongxi Canting

吴漠汀教授开展了主题为“欧洲的妇女节”的会谈。

Mar 8 1st JM Volunteer-Meeting with 6 MA and PhD students, contribution on European Grants, 309

2022年3月8日14：00-16：00，国际汉学中心的6名硕士和博士志愿者在湖南师范大学外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了让·莫内志愿者会议第一次会议。吴漠汀教授向各志愿者们介绍了国际汉学中心的情况和让·莫内项目，商讨了欧盟让·莫内项目基金相关事宜，并给志愿者们分配了近期工作内容。

Thurs. Mar 10 Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102

Fri. Mar 11 18:30-23:00 Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 20 MA students, Expert Building 1-102

Tue. Mar 15 German Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102

Mar 16 2nd JM Volunteer-Meeting with 6 MA and PhD students, contribution on European politics, 309

2022年3月16日15：00-17：00，国际汉学中心的6名硕士和博士志愿者在湖南师范大学外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了让·莫内志愿者会议第一次会议。吴漠汀教授与各志愿者共同探讨了中欧政治体系的异同。

Thu Mar 17, Lecture by Martin Woesler on Tourism 读书分享会, 601, Marketing: Gongzhonghao

Mo Mar 21, 11:00-12:30 JM Lunch: European unification

2022年3月21日，11：00-12：30，吴漠汀教授与五名志愿者在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅聚餐，开展了主题为“欧洲一体化”的讨论，与会学生畅所欲言，积极分享自己的观点，大家均收益颇丰。

Wed Mar 23, 11:00-14:45 JM Lunch: European unification with 5 MA and PhD students

Mo Mar 26, 19:00-21:15 JM Chats: European foreign policy

Tu Apr.12, 11:50-14:20 JM Work Report at Jiayuan Restaurant and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了工作会议，志愿者们就近期所做工作进行了工作汇报，吴教授分别对各志愿者的工作给予了评价，并对未来的工作进行了分配。

Sun Apr 17, 14:30-19:00 JM Dialogue: Eastern in Europe, Multinational Circle, Fly Cafe, Jiayuan Western Cafe

Tu Apr 19, 11:00-15:00 JM Dialogue: Webliterature at Jiayuan Western Cafe and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室与志愿者们开展了讨论会议。会议主题为“网络文学”。此次会议详细讨论了“网络文学”近几年在中国的发展历程。

Wed Apr 20, 11:00-15:00 JM Dialogue: Webliterature 2 at Jiayuan Restaurant and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室与志愿者们开展了讨论会议。会议主题为“网络文学”。此次会议详细讨论了“网络文学”的类型，以及在国外的接受度。

Sat Apr 23, 9:00-16:00 JM Culture Exchange: Shadow Play in China and Europe, Hunan Yuhua feiyi guan

湖南师范大学特聘教授、博导、国际汉学中心主任吴漠汀来到湖南雨花非遗馆，与长沙何氏皮影戏第四代传承人何怀玉进行了深入交流。

Wed Apr 27, 11:00-15:00 Preparation of Fundraising Event "Chinese-European Friendship"

吴漠汀教授在木兰食堂和腾龙楼309召开了会议，向志愿者们介绍了“中欧友谊”项目资金筹集活动，并为这个即将到来的活动做了一系列准备工作。

Thu Apr 28, 18:00-21:00 Fundraising Event "Chinese-European Friendship", collected 20,450 Euros from Europe to support 7 China-related projects

吴漠汀教授与志愿者们参与了“中欧友谊”项目资金筹集活动，此次活动从欧洲筹集到了共20450欧元的资金，帮助了7个与中国相关的项目。

Fre Apr 29, 9:00-12:00 Classics Translation and Appreciation, Frontiers in Literature Translation and Chinese Literature Goes Abroad - from the European perspective, MOOC production, Hunan Normal University Shanlou 善楼 6th floor, room 413

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学至善楼进行了MOOC的录制，课程主题为“典籍翻译和赏析、文学翻译前沿和从欧洲视角看中国文学走出去”。

Wed May 4, 11:00-14:00 JM Work: Set up a European Library at Jiayuan Western Cafe and 309

吴漠汀教授带领志愿者们，将办公室内有关欧洲的书籍按照其类别进行分类，分成了哲学、历史、文学三大类，并建立了自己的电子图书馆，欢迎全校师生来国际汉学中心借阅图书。

May 17, 6:30-9:30 pm Jean Monnet Activity: Yearplanning for Multinational Circle, Martin Woesler joins Marketing and Event Planning groups as "Multinational Circle Ambassador". at X-Handsome Pizza Restaurant, Xinminlu.

吴漠汀教授给国际留学生介绍中国文化。

Wed May 18, 11:30- JM Hanxue literary work at Jiayuan Western Cafe and office 309

吴漠汀教授带领志愿者们整理了国际汉学论坛的论文，帮助编撰汉学期刊杂志，并为即将到来的学术讲座做准备。

Thurs May 19, 19:30-21:00 Lecture by Warnke at 613

Sat May 21, 10:00- JM editing work

吴教授请来了黄渊基先生来指导志愿者们进行汉学期刊杂志的相关工作。

Wed May 25, 11:00-14:30 - JM editing work

吴教授和志愿者们进行了汉学期刊的相关工作，并布置了近期JM网站的任务。

Sat May 28, 11:00- 14：30 -JM editing work

吴教授和黄渊基编辑进一步指导志愿者们进行汉学期刊的相关工作

Sat May 28, 19:00-22:30

Wed June 8,

Wed Nov 2, 12:00-13:30 Preparation of Donation campaign

=Research and Grant Writing=
==Assistant Li Ying==
Collecting information about available continuation of the funding or similar funding, preparing new application letters for funding based on the existing successful letters. 李穎

Deadline Nov 2022-Feb 2023? Prepare next JM-Chair application.

Helen updates information and adds links.

==Assistant Helen He Jun==
===Grant: 让莫内主席教授2020-2023(received)===

*How to spend grant
*How to ask for remaining grant

===Grant: 岳麓山大学科技城 (start: now, deadline: April 30, 2022)===
*[[Yuelu Mountain Universities Science City 2022]]
*Contact with translation company is established

===Grant: 让莫内讲席教授2023-2026 (start: Nov 25, 2022, deadline: March 1, 2023)===
[[JM Application 2023]]

[[JM Application Websites]]

===Grant: Web literature===
[[Web Literature 2022]]

===Grant: 111===
===Honorary Doctorates' Awards===
Check with Dean Zeng Yanyu and Ministry of Education
====Harald Holz, philosopher, novelist and poet====
====Matthias Kettner, philosopher====
====Martin Warnke, media studies====
===Cooperation with Humboldt Center===
===Further possible grants from Germany, EU and China===

=Networking=
Connecting to other Jean Monnet Chairs and to the Centre in Brussels to network with other Centres and to coordinate joint database and initiatives including the current survey among JM Chairs. Gabrielle 黎溢佳

=Campus Communication=
Keeping up communication within the university to further spread the information about the program, recruit further teachers to get a share of the funding, coordinate with University press department to achieve high publicity and documentation of the work including the documentation for the final report which is due September 2023. Li Xin 李欣

The publicity plan for teachers has been submitted and is being publicized

The plan of monthly lectures has been approved and will be arranged one by one after the theme of each month is determined

=Activities Coordination=
Planning and conducting representative activities, including issuing the EU Studies Expert certificates in coordination with the university administration, sign-revealing ceremonies, setting up EU funded PhD scholarships, setting up small events like awarding honorary PhD to senior European scholars (have to be retired in Europe, can be up to 90 years old, e.g. Harald Holz) with high publicity. Design and estimate costs for hanging up metal signs with Erasmus+ and EU logo, logo for the Center, the Multilevel Center, BMBF, Translation Workshop, European Academy as well as a sign for an existing campaign "We don't take presents."

=Deadlines=
*April 30, 2022, start now - 岳麓山大学科技城
*March 1, 2023, start: Nov. 25, 2022 - 让莫内讲席教授2023-2026
*April 30, 2022，redistribution start: May 1, 2022 - 岳麓科技城人才服务卡

=Publishing - Susan Chu 祝美梅=
Formatting and copy editing English contents for publication

'''Professor please remember to send her brief introduction of the journals and further materials.'''

MCLC; Textbooks; HLM 4; Complete Works of Lu Xun; EJS; EJSin; Interviews

Martin please remember to send Susan the related profiles.

==TOCs and CFPs==
Dear Susan, please formulate TOCs and CFPs for the following journal issues. I will then publish a TOC and a CFP every other week with MCLC blog, Sinology Facebook Group and H-NET Asia mailinglist:
*Please check the existing TOCs and CFPs on the H-Asia website.

===TOC European Journal of Sinology 10 (2019)===

The European Journal of Sinology (EJSin) is an independent journal on ancient and premodern China, founded in 2010. All EJSin issues including paper titles, abstracts and references can be accessed on http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php.

Due to the professionalization of its double blind peer review process, its copy editing process and its setting up of an ip range campus license system, the EJSin issues have been delayed since 2019. Currently, EJSin catches up by publishing its annual issues every half year.

*Ancient and Modern Practical Ethics of Humanity: Concrete Humanity from Mencius to Schweitzer

''Lenk, Hans'' pp. 7-27
*Figurism and Ideological Colonialism

''Holz, Harald'' pp. 28-32
*The Silk Road: Connections and Interactions between Chinese and European Philosophy
China as Inspiration for European Thinkers

''an der Heiden, Uwe'' pp. 33-51
*Past, Present & Future: Storytelling, Recitation and Repetition in Popular Education in the Yang Zheng Lei Bian

''Chu, Margaret'' pp. 52-94
*Things Unspoken in the Red Chamber Dreams

''Woesler, Martin'' pp. 95-111

http://universitypress.eu/9783865152978_005.pdf

Contact for contributions, purchase and subscriptions of online and paper issues: journals@universitypress.eu

'''Task for Susan'''

Please adjust the TOCs so that they look more like the following:

TOC: Chinese Literature, Essays Articles Reviews (CLEAR) v. 43 (2021)

CHINESE LITERATURE: ESSAYS ARTICLES REVIEWS

CONTENTS Volume 43 (Dec. 2021)

EDITORIAL

NECROLOGY
Eugene Chen Eoyang, 1939-2021

ESSAYS AND ARTICLES

Rebecca DORAN, “Clothing and Ways of Dressing as Narrative Motifs in Shishuo xinyu”

MEI Chun, “High-Brow Literature: Physiognomy and Scholar-Beauty Romance”

Yingying HUANG, “Nüxia and Footbinding: Forging the Female Knight-Errant”

GONG Haomin, “A World Without Enemies: Revenge, Sacrifice, and Redemption in Chen Kaige’s Adaptation of The Orphan of Zhao”

SPECIAL ISSUE ON YANG MU

Michelle YEH, “A Tribute to Yang Mu”

Yu-yu CHENG, “A Ceaseless Generative Structure: Yang Mu’s Views on Early Chinese Classical Literature”

Cheng-chung LIU, “Absorbed in Thought, Seeking all Around: Yang Mu’s Prose and Chinese and Western Literary Traditions”

Haun SAUSSY, “Yang Mu’s Poetic Returns”

Yueqin ZHAI, “The Tragic Spirit of the East: The ‘Drama of Sounds’ in Yang Mu’s Poems”

Joseph R. ALLEN, “As Always, Yang Mu: A Relationship of Letters”

REVIEWS OF BOOKS

Further details at: https://clear.wisc.edu

Categories: Announcement

Keywords: announcement, Chinese literature, Journal ToC

The European Journal of Chinese Studies (EJCS) is an independent journal on modern and contemporary China, founded in 2018. All issues including paper titles, abstracts and references can be accessed on http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php.

Due to the professionalization of its double blind peer review process, its copy editing process and its setting up of an ip range campus license system, the EJCS issues have been delayed since 2019. Currently, EJCS catches up by publishing its annual issues every half year.

===TOC European Journal of Chinese Studies 2 (2019)

CHINESE LITERATURE: ESSAYS ARTICLES REVIEWS

CONTENTS Volume 2 (2019)

ESSAYS AND ARTICLES

Martin WOESLER, Martin WANKE, Matthias KETTNER, Jens LANFER “The Chinese Social Credit System: Origin, political design, exoskeletal morality and comparisons to Western systems”

Huiling LUO, “No Distance Matters, neither any Difference: China-Spain Relations during Adolfo Suárez’ Government”

Michael Knüppel, “Preliminary report of a study on Arabic calligraphy of the Hui Muslims — the example of the dū ās (都阿)”

Cîndea Gîţă, Iulia Elena, Riccardo Moratto, “Chinese Literature in Romania: A Qualitative Study based on In-Depth Interviews with the Agents Involved in Sino-Romanian Transfer of Culture”

Further details at: http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php#EJCS2019

Categories: Announcement

Keywords: social credit system, trust, Chinese market economy, political loyalty, Journal ToC

===CFP “Young Chinese and their world view” European Journal of Chinese Studies 3 (2020) Special Issue===

'''Sample CFP'''

CFP: The Journal of Northeast Asian History Vol. 19-1

Type: Call for Papers

Location: Korea South

Subject Fields: Asian History / Studies, Chinese History / Studies, East Asian History / Studies, Japanese History / Studies, Korean History / Studies

CFP: The Journal of Northeast Asian History Vol. 19-1

Dear Colleagues,

The Northeast Asian History Foundation continues to expand its interaction with scholars specializing in Asian history and related fields outside East Asia. The Foundation is also strengthening its ties with leading institutions and scholars by encouraging interdisciplinary and comparative approaches to research on geopolitical, cultural, educational, and other issues in East Asia.

The Foundation publishes the Journal of Northeast Asian History (JNAH), a peer-reviewed semi-annual English-language journal that focuses on history-based approaches to Asian politics, cultures, economy and other fields to shed light on the historical realities of the Asian World. The Journal's geographical scope extends to other parts of the world which have significant relevancy to Asian history, thus charting globalism and localism from global perspectives.

In particular, we will welcome two topics that concern (1) Korea-China Relations and Historical Configuration in Northeast Asia and (2) US-China Relations and Historical Issues in East Asia, both of which will help explore further how inter-state and intra-state matters were and are liked together to the historical development of continental East Asia and how the confluence of these external and internal factors have been making vital impact on the various mode of regional interaction in modern East Asia and beyond.

The Journal of Northeast Asian History calls for the submission of outstanding and unpublished papers for review and possible publication in Winter 2022. We invite colleagues to consider the Journal when seeking to publish ongoing research since we believe this can be an impetus for further scholarly collaboration in the future. For full consideration, please submit manuscripts by July 31, 2022 for Winter Issue.

Please contact us at jnah@nahf.or.kr or jnah.nahf@gmail.com should you have any questions regarding the journal, its submission process or subscription to it.
Thank you in advance for your attention and contributions.

Editorial Board of Journal of Northeast Asian History (JNAH)

Contact Email: jnah@nahf.or.kr

Categories: CFP

Keywords: CFP

===CFP “David versus Goliath - Souvereignty issues of small countries and regions neighboring large countries” European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021) Special Issue===

CFP: European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021) Special Issue

'''Type:''' Call for Papers

'''Location:''' China

'''Subject Fields:''' Asian History / Studies, Chinese History / Studies, East Asian History / Studies

'''CFP:''' “David versus Goliath - Souvereignty issues of small countries and regions neighboring large countries” European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021)

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine — the most consequential military conflict Europe has witnessed since the Second World War — has riveted the attention of the world. Almost inevitably people look to draw analogies — both historical and contemporary ones. One popular contemporary analogy is between Russia’s actions vis-à-vis Ukraine and mainland China’s approach to Taiwan.

In this issue, we will welcome two topics that concern (1) Russia-Ukraine and (2) Mainland China-Taiwan. We aim to bring together papers that critically examine the two comparisons. We aim to bring together papers that (1) critically examine the differentiated situation of the two large authoriatarian nations; (2) discuss the ways in which two large authoritarian nations exert control on smaller neighbors; and (3) comparison with the approach of non-authoritarian large nations towards smaller neighbors; (4) consequences for world order, stability, peace and economical development.

'''Submit your abstract'''

'''Categories:''' CFP

Keywords: CFP

===CFP “The Chinese society system versus the Western society system” European Journal of Chinese Studies 5 (2022) Special Issue===
===CFP “China old and new” European Journal of Sinology 11 (2020) Special Issue===
===CFP “Traditional Chinese Culture and the Future” European Journal of Sinology 12 (2021) Special Issue===
===CFP “Cross-Cultural Elements in Chinese and Western Literary Works” European Journal of Chinese Studies () Special Issue===

CFP: European Journal of Chinese Studies () Special Issue

'''Type:'''Call for Papers

'''Location:'''Germany

'''Subject Fields:''' Chinese literature / Studies, Western literature / Studies

'''CFP:'''“Cross-Cultural Elements in Chinese and Western Literary Works” European Journal of Chinese Studies” European Journal of Chinese Studies ()

Communication is among the best ways to resolve differences and strengthen cooperation. At an age when "anti-globalization" continues to characterize global situation; conservatism and ultra-nationalism are on the rise; and regional conflicts become frequent, cross-cultural communication seems to be particularly meaningful.

In this issue, we will welcome topics that concern (1) Chinese literature and (2) Western literature. We aim to bring together papers that critically examine cross-cultural elements in Chinese and Western literature in general or in particular works. We will welcome papers that (1) critically examine the different culture and cross-cultural elements in Chinese and Western literature; (2) discusses the problems encountered in such cross-cutural communication; (3) what such communications contribute to Chinese or Western culture.

'''Submit your abstract'''

'''Categories: '''CFP

Keywords: CFP

==The following CFPs need to be written in Chinese==
===CFP “China rewrites history” European Journal of Sinology 13 (2022) Special Issue===
===CFP “China old and new” Hanxue 1 (2018) Special Issue===
===CFP “Traditional Chinese Culture and the Future” Hanxue 2 (2019) Special Issue===
===CFP “Continuities and Disruptions in Chinese Culture” Hanxue 3 (2020) Special Issue===
===CFP “The Chinese Fight Against Poverty” Hanxue 4 (2021) Special Issue===
===CFP “The Chinese Fight Against the Pandemic” Hanxue 5 (2022) Special Issue===

=Remarks=
各位学妹你们好，请在以上任务中挑选自己感兴趣的。另外，国际汉学中心（外院309）需要值班，值班期间要完成汉学中心相关工作，值班时间为周一到周五，具体时间可再商议。现在需要收集你们的可值班时间，中心会按照工作时长发放工资。请你们把可值班时间发在群里，我来排班。

Gabrielle: 周三整天，周四下午都可以

Li Xin 李欣: 周一和周三上午可以值班

LIAO Shiyun Classics 22: 周三整天，周四下午都可以

Susan Chu 祝美梅: 周二、周三、周四、周五下午都可以

李穎: 周三，周四下午

JMCentre

2024-01-06T16:14:42Z

You Tianwei: /* PhD and volunteer student staff work hour documentation */

This is the wiki website for daily work of the JM Centre of Excellence at Hunan Normal University.

This website shortlink: http://bou.de/u/wiki/JMCentre

Our public website: http://jmcentre.eu

=Registration on this website=
Please all participants register for this wiki in order to be able to edit the websites and also to add your information:

https://bou.de/u/wiki/Special:RequestAccount

Please fill in the registration form with your real name as "username" and as "real name". The password for registration and also for editing any website on the wiki is "wikicaptcha".

=PhD and volunteer student staff work hour documentation=

CCX, YTW, LR, DYY, BW, ZLZR

'''Date, time, hours, content of work'''

*CCX’ s working hours
CCX Dec 1 , 16:00-17:00,1 hours , discuss the survey with Pro. Ole on WeChat ,edit the survey questions
CCX Dec 5, 18:15-18:45, 0.5 hours, participation in meeting, report on the status of the survey
CCX Dec 12 19:00-19:30,0.5 hours, participation in meeting
CCX Dec 19, 18:30-19.30, 1 hours, participation in meeting, report on the status of the survey

*YTW‘s working hours
YTW Dec 18, 16:00-17:00, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 24-31;
YTW Dec 23, 21:40-22:50, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 31-49;
YTW Dec 25, 19:35-20:39, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 49-65. fertig.
YTW Jan 6, 21:27-22:38, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, reworked the transcriptions, fertig.
YTW Jan 6-7 23:00-00:13, Goethe, reworked the paper.

*LR

=Minutes=
==Nov 16, 2023==
Minutes of the Kick-off meeting “EU JM Centre of Excellence for Digitalization of University Teaching” Nov 16, 2023, 10:00-11:30 am, HNU Tenglong Building, room 309
===Protocol: Martin Woesler===
===Participants===
Prof. Woesler, Prof. Jiang Lihua, Prof. Porter, PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, Zhouli Ziruo, Volunteer "Sari" Cai Xixiu.

===Next Meeting===
Friday Nov 24, 2023, 10:00 am room 309. For those who can only attend online: Zoom: http://bit.ly/ZOOMCOURSE

===Your contact people: The project staff===
Project Leader: Prof. Woesler, Project Assistants: PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong. The staff takes on the double task of conducting research (especially systematic literature reviews, surveys, field experiments testing different learning spaces or digital tools) and doing the administration (keeping the overview, watching the timeline, reports on the EU platform, reminding of deadlines, organizing meetings, inviting project members and external experts to joint papers, conferences, anthologies etc.).

===Salaries===
The project started in September and the project staff has already invested some work. So far, the payment of the salaries was not yet agreed to by the accounting office, they wanted more information. Still, there is a lot of work which needs to be done, including website and reports, until December. Therefore, it is important, that the accounting office already pays the monthly salaries to the project staff now in November.

===Budget===
The budget is quite large and except from the salary for the project staff contains several sub posts, like lump sum salary for students, travel reimbursement, equipment, website programming, conference costs etc. Prof. David Porter offered to design and create a EU and a CN website adhering to the respective policies.

===Personnel===
For the 5 Research Groups, the following heads were suggested:

#Regulation (Comparison) Liu Bai
#Experiences (Comparison) Aline
#Effectiveness of digital tools: David Porter, Ole Döring, Yang Zhiming

Explanation: (How to achieve learning outcomes of teaching in presence also with online or technology-enhanced teaching? Quality measurement.)
#Learning Spaces (Comparison): Jiang Lihua
#ChatGPT/PostEdit (Comparison C-EU): Martin Woesler

===Salary for Project Personnel and Project Members===
There is no monthly salary foreseen in the budget for all participants. But everybody who invests time in the project should be reimbursed. Since the publication of papers is the most important in the project, the project offers to reimburse all Professors and PhD candidates, who publish a paper to be reimbursed for 50 hours (each SCI, SSCI or A&HCI impact paper, corresponds to 1000 Euros for professors and 500 Euros for students), 25 hours (each CSSCI impact paper, corresponds to 500 Euros for professors and 250 Euros for students). Non PhD-Students (but Bachelor- or Master students) who participate, e.g. in the many time consuming tasks like literature review, surveys, field experiments, will be reimbursed with a lump sum per month and will be informed about the expected number of hours they are required to work.

===Credits and Acknowledgments===
Hunan Normal University needs to be mentioned as the affiliated university of both, the 1st and 2nd author. Also, the grant acknowledgement and disclaimer need to be printed with the paper, e.g. as a footnote or endnote. All posters, websites etc. need to display the EU Erasmus + co-funding logo.

===Things to do===
#Prof. Jiang: Please invite Prof. Liu Bai and Prof. Yang Zhiming.
#Prof. Jiang: Dean Situ and the Accounting office may contact you to reconfirm that the first money can be paid from the grant amount received.
#Ole: Please invite Prof. Aline Tedeschi
#Everybody: Please start to read the newest research papers on the topic. The library offers and EBSCO access. Ole can instruct student groups to perform different Systematic Literature Reviews. Languages should be at least Chinese and English. Some research questions should be developed through these literature reviews. Please keep in touch in the WeChat group and exchange your findings.

===Things to do for the project staff===
#Finalize report of old project (this part of the work is NOT paid by the new project) both on the EU platform as well as on the website http://jmchair.eu.
#Organize setting up a Website
#Get the frequent payments running with the accounting office in coordination with the College leadership.
#Conduct systematic literature reviews, develop research questions, surveys, field studies, experiments etc. => results on wiki for everybody to use.
#Set up virtual working space on wiki and invite everybody to join. Publish there all findings.
#Invite everybody to the next meeting next Friday 10 am and collect points for the agenda from the participants.

P.S.: After the meeting, Prof. Jiang invited Prof. Woesler to join the current session of her Colloquium into room 410 (13:00-14:15). There he introduced the project again and offered the PhD candidates to join the project, preferrably assisting the head of research group 4, Prof. Jiang Lihua. PhD candidates are encouraged to join because they can make double use of their research for the project/publications and their thesis. Also, the participation in the project will be certified and can be used in the curriculum vitae for job applications.

==Nov 24, 2023==
Minutes of the second weekly meeting “EU JM Centre of Excellence for Digitalization of University Teaching” Nov 24, 2023, 10:00-11:30 am, HNNU Tenglong Building, room 309

===Protocal: Liu Rong, edited: Martin Woesler===

===Participants===
Prof. Woesler, Prof. Porter, Prof. Ma Nake, PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, "Sari" Cai Xixiu.

===Next Meeting===
Scheduled for Tuesday Nov 29, 16:00 and 18:15 Chinese time room 309. For those who can only attend online: Tencent Meeting:https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/bCQdfgGlezZ1

===Budget and Salary===
For student volunteers the budget provides a total of 4,000 Yuan per month over the range of 3 years. Since there is a higher workload before and during conferences, we will have to be able to assign both salaries (e.g. for Cai Cixiu) and short-term contract salaries (e.g. for conferences). The project staff receives regular payments. The request for first payments has been submitted.

===Things to do===
#Sari: Please conduct a MikeCRM survey. Print the research questionnaire by Prof. Doering, and conduct the survey with the students who participated in the painting event. (When conducting the survey, the respondents’ initials with birth date (like WJG1001) can be used to code them, so that the privacy of respondents can be protected and we can compare and analyze developments.)
#Phd students: Please analyze the survey results of the last EU project, and upload the parts of the final report to the EU website (compare the answers of Prof. Woesler’s with the students’ answer and get the percentage both at the beginning and the end of the semester. If there is a progress, this would be a good result for the report.) Also copy documentation to website jmchair.eu.
#Prof. Porter: Thank you for submitting the first samples for a website. They are under review.
#Everybody: Start reading. Prepare systematic literature reviews on the project topic, develop research questions, surveys, field studies, experiments etc. => results on wiki for everybody to use.

===Next Meeting===
Scheduled for Tuesday Nov 29, 16:00 and 18:15 Chinese time room 309. For those who can only attend online: Tencent Meeting:https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/bCQdfgGlezZ1

==Minutes Nov 28, 2023==

===Participants===
David, Aline, Martin, Duan Yuanyuan, Sari, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong

===Website ===

The new website http://jmcentre.eu is online currently as a copy of http://jmchair.eu. The PhD students have a laptop with which they can edit the website. They will fill in the documentation of the events and courses of the last project on jmcentre.eu and then start to adjust the new website. Later the website might move to a smart phone friendly content management system provided by David Porter, which then should be copied to http://jmcentre.eu

===Literature Review===

David and Alina start reading papers on Digitalization of University Teaching. David will report about a AI question next time.

===Support by University Council President===

The University Council President Prof. Jiang offered his support to our project.

He could host the lecture series.

We will look for EU projects he can apply for.

===Work to be done soon===

PhD candidates: Submit frequent reports on EU platform, e.g. that the website is set up and running.

Everybody: Look for external experts (Chinese and Foreign, out of budget concerns best from within China or if from elsewhere online), which can be invited to a lecture series and a workshop.

===Wiki work platform===
Everybody should document the work (the PhD students also the hours and what work exactly was done during the hours) on http://bou.de/u/wiki/JMCentre

===Next meeting===
Scheduled for Dec 5, 2023, 17:15 in room 309 and on Tencent Meeting.

https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/srf6bMHRBJcN

#腾讯会议：240-505-868

==Next meeting Tue Dec 12, 18:15 http://bit.ly/ZOOMCOURSE, password: course==

==December 5, 2023, 17:15 internal, 18:15 meeting==
We meet in #309 and online on https://meeting.tencent.com/dw/Grwr602gM2k1 #腾讯会议：811-356-704.

===Participants===
David Porter, Ole Döring, Martin Woesler, Duan Yuanyuan, Sari, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong

===Report by David Porter on AI and University Teaching===
Ethical questions towards ChatGPT.

How can I use ChatGPT for teaching in class?

Brainstorming

Writing tradition.

Critical thinking skills, reading habits, writing habits.

Do you think it would be appropriate to use ChatGPT.

How much percentage could be replaced with ChatGPT.

Research literacy.

The students are asked why they are given the tasks.

Complete lack of ethical reasoning.

The human input: Prompting.

Standardized surveys exist for cheating and plagiarizing.

Revalue the understanding of "cheating".

A few years ago, one was

"Is it ok to copy and paste a paragraph for your own paper and claim its yours."

"Is it ok to copy and paste a paragraph to ChatGPT."

Frankensteining assisting parts.

Does it matter that ChatGPT plagiarizes?

Authorship discussion.

===Survey===
Compare impression of the learning effect when watching paper images and painter in comparison to watch images on ppt.

Creativity, you can see the entire process of production and consumption.

===Check on the to dos===
Can we get any PhD candidates from the Colloquium to join?

Have the people mentioned in the Minutes of the Kick-off meeting been invited to join?
===Report on the payments by the accounting department===
The staff has been paid for the first three months. Only Zhouli Ziruo needs to set up an account with the department and can only receive salary starting from January 2024.

To do: Duan Yuanyuan will apply that also Sari gets paid the student volunteer lump sum.

==Minutes for Dec 12, 2023==
Participants: David Porter, Zhouli Ziruo and Martin Woesler, Liu Rong, Sari Cai Zixiu.

===Report by David Porter===
*Scheduling research during the winter break.
*Fri Dec 15, 2023, 12:00 pm Meeting to discuss survey with David and Ole. Invitation: Sari, Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, Benjamin Wellsand. David will send a reminder in beforehand.

===Report by Martin Woesler===
Personnel: Benjamin Wellsand will replace Zhouli Ziruo among the three PhD students.

Waiting for payment by accounting department.

EU ratified the AI Ethics law. Cf. to UN resolution.

Martin will add information and put the links here.

===Report by Martin Woesler on Grants for going to a French university as a visiting professor, chair professors===
For now, I recommend to already check out the grants to prepare a good application. Regarding the chair professor or visiting scholar programs for foreign professors in France, there are the following mostly financed by the EU, sometimes together with the French Ministry of Science (I have indicated all weblinks):

1. Chair Program with Universities and Grand Ecoles

In addition to receiving visiting professors or researchers, many French universities and Grandes Ecoles have chair programmes to welcome researchers from around the world. These programmes are usually designed for specific scientific problems and last for a limited time. The Collège de France in particular has developed a programme of excellence in which many chairs are reserved for foreign researchers or professors. www.college-de-france.fr.

2. Chair Programs with Research Establishments

Further, there are corporate chairs that enable foreign researchers to work with a company and research establishment for up to 2 years. This programme is financed by the French National Research Agency.
http://www.agence-nationale-recherche.fr/suivi-bilan/historique-des-appels-a-projets/appel-detail1/chaires-industrielles-2017/

3. Visiting Professors

3.1 the RFIEA (Réseau Français des Instituts d’Etudes Avancées French Network of Institutes of Advanced Studies): http://rfiea.fr/;

3.2 The University of Paris 1 PanthéonSorbonne: https://www.univparis1.fr/international/enseignants-chercheurs-invites/venir-comme-professeur-invite/;

3.3 the University of ParisSaclay, with the Alembert programme: https://www.universiteparis-saclay.fr/fr/recherche/appel-projet/jean-dalembert;

3.4 AixMarseille University https://amidex.univamu.fr/fr/notre-projet;

3.5 the University of Paris 13: https://www.univ-paris13.fr/professeurs-invites/;

3.6 the UPMC: http://www.upmc.fr/fr/international/mobilite_des_chercheurs.html.

4. If he wants to go with a research team:

Experienced researchers may request funding for their research team from the European Research Council (ERC).

4.1 A Consolidator Grant https://erc.europa.eu/funding/consolidator-grants or

4.2 Advanced Grant https://erc.europa.eu/funding/advanced-grants can finance all or part of your stay, as well as that of your team, for up to 5 years. These grants can reach 2.5 million euros.

===Tasks for next week===
Everybody should read a few papers on use of digital technology and/or AI for university teaching and related topics.

Until the end of the year, we should also collect the names of some experts, we want to invite to our lecture series.

===Meeting Dec 19, 2023===
Dec 19, 2023 18:15 Chinese time online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09

====Participants====
Liu Rong, Cai Cixiu, Martin Woesler, David Porter by WeChat text message

====Approaching Deadlines====
We have to report with the continuous reporting until Dec 31, 2023 if Deliverable 1.1, to setup a website, has been fulfilled. Martin Woesler will report this (the website has been set up unter the url http://jmcentre.eu).

====Tasks for researchers and staff====
All of us invite identify foreign experts and the meeting will decide who is going to be invited and then the person having suggested the expert should also reach out to them to ask if they would join for a lecture in our lecture series or even more (like cooperating in one of the research groups).
=====Prof. Luis Cordeiro-Rodrigues, Hunan University=====
Suggested by David Porter.
====Tasks for staff====
Task for the staff: Please write down all deadlines, so that you can make sure, that the reports are written in time and the deliverables are fulfilled before the end of the deadlines.

*Dec 31, 2023. D1.1 Website WP1 1 - HUNNU DEC —Websites, patent filings, videos, etc PU - Public 3
*Oct 1, 2024. D1.2 International Conference presentation WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 12
*Jul 1, 2025. D1.3 Presentation of Anthology in English WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 21
*Oct 1, 2025 D1.4 Conference presentation with German external partner university WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 24
*Jul 1, 2025 D1.5 Presentation of Anthology in Chinese WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 33
*Sep 30, 2025 D1.6 Presentation on Conference WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 36

====Staff hour documentation====
Reminder: Please all staff members (Liu Rong, Duan Yuanyuan, Zhouli Ziruo, Benjamin Wellsand) and external staff members paid from other funds (You Tianwei) please remember to document your working hours above: [[JMCentre#PhD_and_volunteer_student_staff_work_hour_documentation]].

====Salary====
Duan Yuanyuan will ask the accounting department to pay the salary for December. This time, also Zhouli Ziruo, Cai Cixiu and Benjamin Wellsand should be added with their bank connections.

====Tasks for everybody for the winter break====
#Hard work between Dec 27-Jan 8 for those who do not go on Xmas holiday.
#Find and read papers, prepare research questions.
#Identify external experts we can invite to our lecture series.
#All staff hours (also earlier ones) are documented NOW on our website.
#Duan Yuanyuan adds bank connections of the missing three assistants to the accounting department.
#Find fitting standard surveys we can use, use them and publish a paper on the results.
#Martin Woesler will send David Porter a task list for website-related issues.
#Martin Woesler improves final report of old project and reports website http://jmcentre.eu to EU, deadline Dec 31, 2023. The PL has already contacted EU and send a draft, waits for approval to submit the report within the next days.
#Every staff member helps with technical work of paper submissions, transcriptions, translations, marketing/dissemination, website improvements etc. as asked for by the project leader.

===Next Meeting Jan 9, 2024===
Next meeting is scheduled for Jan 9, 2024 18:15 Chinese time online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09

==Meeting Dec 19, 2023, 18:15 Chinese time==
===Report on Final Report last JM project===
===Report on Report on deliverable 1.1 „Website“ due December 2024===
==Deadline Oct 1, 2024 Conference==
D1.2 International Conference presentation WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 12
==Deadline Jul 1, 2025 Anthology==
D1.3 Presentation of Anthology in English WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 21
==Deadline Oct 1, 2025 Conference==
D1.4 Conference presentation with German external partner university WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 24
==Deadline Jul 1, 2025 Anthology==
D1.5 Presentation of Anthology in Chinese WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 33
==Deadline Sep 30, 2025 Conference==
D1.6 Presentation on Conference WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 36

=PREPARATION OF WACS 8 2024 in Poznan/Athens/Changsha=

Ideas to professionalize our annual conference and to win more people to participate
#we only recommend a conference hotel with a conference discount, but the participants book directly with the hotel. This helps us to lower the conference fees to maybe 190€. Also, we only accept international bank payment directly to the association‘s account.
#We should send a flyer to us universities in order to get some PhD candidates, who can present part of their Thesis. And of course scholars as a main target group.
#Last time we also improved: double blind peer review,
# issuing travel stipends,
#awards in different categories,
#chairs and discussants for all panels,
#hybrid format.

With budget cut over the years, except for the few very well-endowed private univs, in the US, most professors only have 1 trip paid. They will choose the most relevant and established one or two. Graduate students basically pay for themselves, so they only go to AAS and/or AAS Regional conferences.

With zoom, you have more flexibility.

Dan's perspectives are from those in linguistics, a much smaller group than the scope WACS advertises.

1. As a very young asso., even with high level and strong backing, you cannot compete with the established ones.

2. Your initial vision seemed to be a platform to bring in prc sinologists who don't work with the Eng lang.

3. But you also include Eng lang papers.

4. The last few years show that W European & N Am scholars are not attracted to the conference.

A) Some feedback seems to be this is a crazy group of people, a nicer way of saying they are unprofessional and disorganised.

B) The dates may be a part of it but less critical than the messiness.

5) So two issues:

A) the volume and national variety of participants; and

B) the asso's administration of the conferences.

6) Possible remedies:

A) you need a systematic way of proactively reaching out to universities and colleges all over the world, by sending the departments information about the coming year's conference & links, etc.

You have to do this every year. Your conference's scope covers culture, history, ling., lit, phil, pol sci, etc., so to each of these departments, a notice could be sent.

You can do so with a master list by approaching a certain number in each continent the first year, then adding a few more for that country the next year, and so on.

You can even target specific regions/ continents in different years. You are in Eastern Europe, it's a good time to get them to participate. Maybe alongside, this year, it is SE Asia. (Next year, it could be S. Am & Australia as specific targets.)

B) The asso's org: herein lies the foundation of the problem. Until you look hard into it and take serious steps to overhaul it, putting in place functional committees with members who put in time and energy to administer and operate the asso., hence the conference as well, even if (A) is successful one year, it will evaporate in a handful of years.

7) In short, it is necessary to prioritise the structural/ organisational reform in administration & operation, before the change of dates.

8) Since changing the dates in a big way may not bring in many more new participants, you may want to hold it off.

A) You may want to have someone to do a quick research to see when, e.g. Asia & SE Asia is most unlikely to attend a conf, then when in S Am, etc., and the reasons. You get an overview, then you decide.

=FROM HERE ON, THIS IS THE WEBSITE OF THE OLD JEAN MONNET CHAIR PROJECT - General Status=
*Spend the remaining JMC funds: We need to document the JMC activities (add Fan Ni's, current courses, current meetings) in a file, publish it on our website and apply for reimbursement
*Prepare Dec 6, 2022 Donation campaign http://bou.de/fanyi.html
*Prepare Mar, 1, 2023 JMC application 2023-2026
*Prepare August 31, 2023 JMC report

=Conferences=
*Conference August 12-14: Prepare Proceedings

==Editing of Journal Hanxue 2018-2023==
*ISSN received
*Each issue needs to be finalized and then submitted to proof reader

Please write here the status and the person in charge of the following issues. Please especially mention if the papers are complete or for how many papers we are still waiting for the revised version
* Oct 14 漢學 1 (2018) => submission to US ISSN centre, adding information on journals.php
* Oct 14 漢學 2 (2019)
* Oct 14 漢學 3 (2020)
* Oct 14 漢學 4 (2021)
* Oct 14 漢學 5 (2022)

===Paper Published and Resubmitted===
作者、名称、发表情况、收到情况、新文章名称

*''1. 潘銘基 Poon Ming Kay 班固《漢書》的經學意義與《春秋》筆法——兼論《漢書》的傳授與讀法已发表已收到《略論傳統儒家文化與聯合國永續發展目標》''

*'''2. 鄭煒明、陳玉瑩上博簡《訟成》（原題《容成氏》）篇與先秦墨家的談辯和說書已发表无'''

*'''3. 王棕琦Wong Tsung Kei 《文子．道德》篇章結構考論——兼論今本《文子》據古本《文本》改易《淮南》原文的情況已发表无'''

*''4. 伍亭因《孔叢子-詰墨》成篇問題芻議（补充）未发表已收到''

*''5. 朱惠国论辛弃疾二十四首《临江仙》的体式及其词谱学意义已发表已收到《论<永遇乐>的声律特征及后世影响》''

*''6. 周能俊 “嘉禾”符瑞对元魏政治的影响——以北魏承明元年的齐州“嘉禾”事件为例已发表已收到《唐大中初年道教瑞应与国家政治的互动》''

*7. 黃啟深《勵忠節鈔》引《世說新語》考論部分发表修改中

*'''8. 趙望秦Wang-qin Zhao 透過文化記憶視窗看“史漢優劣”的演變已发表无（关于中韩文化方面的内容找不到）'''

*''9. 位灵芝红楼梦精雅生活——从贾宝玉说起未发表已收到''

*''10. 陈洁论《新青年》编辑权的改变对其分化的影响已发表已收到《鲁迅与新潮社》''

*''11. Shang, Yuchen 尚昱辰虚构与真实——晚明戏曲中情鬼戏的审美意涵未发表已收到''

*''12. 曹波贝克特《庸女梦》中的中国音乐：改写与误读未发表已收到''

*'''13. 梁世和尋求化解文明衝突之道——一行禪師「入世佛教」思想探析已发表已收到《南人北学陆陇其》投明年的其他会议集'''

*'''14. 曾秀萍（日）常與非常：跨越陰陽的臺灣同志/酷兒影像已发表无'''

*''15. 洪淑苓從｢父母國」出走——安琪詩中的空間經驗與女性主體建構（补充）未发表已收到''

1-15篇（何君负责收集联系，15位作者中，9位的文章已发表，其中4位表示此次不提供其他文章，1位表示新论文改投到明年的其他论文集中，已收到文章10篇，其中4篇为新文章，待审核，另有1篇正在修改中）

*16.

*17.吴双中日“水浒豪杰"的绘画形象比较
未发表修改中，本周内提交

*40张惠經典西扦之文化再塑——現代英文劇本《大觀園》之哲學與國族新面相已发表新稿件目前正在修改格式

*42陳惠齡台灣新竹寺廟、詩僧與地景所體現的地方文化空間性已发表不提供新文章

*46于宏古體漢語詩歌翻譯管闚未发表稿件修改中

==Internal Search for Reviewer from the field of Translation into German==
* June 15 Find people, contact - Martin Woesler

==Payment of Research Assistants==
* June 10 Duan Yuanyuan - please update progress here incl. reimbursement of travel costs

==Translation projects in general==
[[Book_projects]]

==Translation projects for Foreign Languages Press==
Completed by June 12
* June 6 Wisdom final proof reading 66%
* June 8 Poverty final proof reading 0%

==Translation projects for CCTSS==
* Check raw translation [[Chinesisches Kulturlexikon]] Wörterbuch Dictionary

==Own translation projects==
* June 15 HLM 4th edition

==CFP, TOC==
* June 13 Upgrade EJS 2 (2019)

==Major research project for Lueneburg==
* June 10 review Martin Woesler

==Grading of old courses==
* June 20 Martin Woesler

==Establishing standards for current papers MA Classics, MA Lang&Cult, BA Cult==
* June 15 Send standards to students

==Papers==
*[[Grading system in China]] submitted to David Martin MAY 3, 2022, now: publish
*[[Interculturality in HLM]] submitted to 2nd reviewer in USA, get back on Thursday => submit to Routledge

==CLEARED: Interviews==
* June 10 [[2022 Interview by Lou Kang]] 娄康
* June 19 [[2022 Interview by Xinhua She]]
* Published May 30, 2022: [[Interview by Wan Shuyuan 2022]]

=Imminant tasks=
*We update the website almost daily http://jmchair.eu/en/ and http://jmchair.eu/cn/ '''Liao Shiyun & Li Xin''': updates events incl. photos (参考 http://jmchair.eu/en/impressum.php), split into smaller pages http://jmchair.eu/en/participation.php; Write new: http://jmchair.eu/en/euprog.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/network.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/comparison.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/teaching.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/links.php. Martin Woesler: add new surveys into http://jmchair.eu/en/surveys.php.
*Liu Rong: We work on an '''official WeChat channel''' 微信公众号 and will post the activities there
*HX: 2018 7 Western-Chinese Cultural Studies I, 2019 7 Western-Chinese Cultural Studies II, 2020 6 drama, 2021 9 poetry, 2022 7 classics, 2023 7 literary histories, 2024 6 Religion and Philosophy. 在头里《汉学》1 (2018)。英文里面书要italic写，doi号码不对，应该是DOI:10.12906/9781682025215_002。总共的字体要大一点，因为很多人在屏幕上看。大家注意一下：doi 是这样算出来的：DOI:10.12906/97816820252 这一部分每一次都一样，然后1（2018）加“15_001”（封面和目录）、加“15_002”（第一篇）、加“15_003”（第二篇）、加“15_004”（第三篇）等等。2（2019）加“22_001”、“22_002”、“22_003”、“22_004”等等，3（2020）加“39_001”、“39_002”、“39_003”、“39_004”等等，4（2021）加“46_001”、“46_002”、“46_003”、“46_004”等等，5（2022）加“53_001”、“53_002”、“53_003”、“53_004”等等，6（2023）加“60_001”、“60_002”、“60_003”、“60_004”等等，7（2024）加“77_001”、“77_002”、“77_003”、“77_004”等等，8（2025）加“84_001”、“84_002”、“84_003”、“84_004”等等，9（2026）加“91_001”、“91_002”、“91_003”、“91_004”等等。
*EJS: Martin: EJCS 2019 update page numbers => publish, TOC; CFP. We need to publish TOC and CFP for EJS, EJCS, and HX
*We need to submit papers on Lu Xun, web literature to MCLC, grading system, and Chinoisérie to A&HCI journal of ancient China
*We need to write a larger anthology of research results
*We need to write [[Book_projects|several books]], one is the [[History of Chinese Studies]], another one the [[Appropriateness Theory Book]].
*Connect with German Literature / Translation colleague: joint research
*Work on 4th edition of Honglou meng: Check illustrations with Zhang Hui

==Wait for feedback==
*Sven Kramer from Leuphana University
*New papers from Zhang Hui, Yu Hong, Hong Shu-ling

=We need to keep reminding=
*Lihua Jiang helps to solve the following problems: JM grant (the first amount has to be paid to the participating teachers), Seed grant (will reimburse flight costs and student assistants' salaries), admission of international student Markus Mueller to PhD program, admission of Olha Woesler to BA program to collect more certificates for teaching at FSC
=Successfully completed tasks=
*We have submitted the [[Interview by Wan Shuyuan 2022]], it got more than 1 million readers and was republished on several platforms including the website of the Chinese Embassy in Germany
*The JM budget of 40.000 Euros was moved from "Research" to "Education" 教务处 and paid to the participating teachers. Now we need to provide evidence for more teachings so that the remaining 10.000 Euros and 16.667 Euros matching funds from the university can be spent and 10,000 Euros will be reimbursed upon delivery of the report. Contact person: WeChat ID chiryhuo 霍丽 Lei Li，传神湖南高校的联系人 (Aim: Get the funds assigned to Martin Woesler, then paid to the participating teachers)

=Staff tasks=
==Martin Woesler==
*Send everyone a sample of the journal and the vetting (review) of the Chinese essays.
*Prepare 2 MOOC contents and produce films
==Duan Yuanyuan==
'''Funds Management'''
*Submit a new Seed Grant 启动资金 to Administration: So in the new budget, we should have maybe 55.000 Yuan travel and (quarantine) hotel cost, 10.000 Yuan office 309 和 415 设备 (比如冰箱、饮水机), 30.000 Yuan salary for assistants, 5.000 Yuan budget for books and decoration (statues, paintings) we buy for the two walls and bookshelfs in both offices. If it is not possible to buy fridge etc. from it, we can plan this money differently. I am afraid we will spend all the money totally soon. Therefore, I will have to apply for a second budget maybe for 2023. I don't know if they grant me a second budget.
*The EU Grant requires to spend 67.000 Euros first, submit spending receipts and then apply for reimbursement of remaining 10.000 Euros. This means that the university has to release the 40.000 Euros now, is ready to spend the remaining 27.000 Euros then and get reimbursed only 10.000 Euros later.
*Read into the technical requirements of managing EU funds, this includes registering on web sites, filling out forms, submitting information and requesting fundings, controlling the funds arriving at the HUNNU account, forwarding it to the recipients at HUNNU, coordinating with financial department of HUNNU.
==Liao Shiyun 廖诗韵==
*Translates Chinese website http://jmchair.eu/cn/centre.php (网页第七部分（国际汉学中心））

Create [[Description of the Centre]] for the College Website https://fsc.hunnu.edu.cn/info/1148/4103.htm

==Zhu Meimei 祝美梅==
*List all the activities on the 6 part of the website (第六部分课程资源那一块还需要一位同学帮忙添加一些课程和活动内容（应该可以参考维基网站的课程内容）)
==Li Xin==
*Write Introduction to Centre for official FSC website 需要请一位同学帮忙充实第七部分（国际汉学中心）简介部分，可参考https://fsc.hunnu.edu.cn/info/1148/4103.htm。（李欣）
==Please add names and work report of further staff==
=Tasks sorted by topics=
=Course Enrichment Grant（Liao Shiyun）=
*Collecting contents and work proofs from the different participants of the "Course Enrichment Grant", bringing it into a representative form, uploading it on the Jean Monnet website and managing the EU Studies material database online. LIAO Shiyun (also Wiki Admin Classics course)
*Martin please remember to send the profiles to Liao Shiyun
*Activities

Teacher 课程course title 2020winter 2021summer 2021winter 2022spring Spalte1 SUMME

Jean Monnet Work Meeting (with Martin Woesler, Margaret Chu, Martin Warnke, add date and time)

Margaret Chu Lecture (here we also need to make sure that honorarium and travel reimbursement from College is paid, we need to add date and topic)

Martin Warnke Lecture (here we also need to make sure that honorarium and travel reimbursement from College is paid, we need to add date and topic)

Martin Woesler Foundation of Chinese Culture 24 32 32 88 7040

Martin Woesler Introduction to Translation Studies 24 32 56 4480

Martin Woesler Chinese Languages and Cultures 24 32 56 4480

Martin Woesler Chinese Classics Translation 32 32 2560

Martin Woesler German Phonetics 32 32 2560

Martin Woesler MOOC CompLit 1 3 4 320

Martin Woesler Colloquium 1 1 80

Jia Yanfang 《计算机辅助翻译》 24 32 56 4480

Deng Yurong College English 40 48 32 120 9600

Luo Fang 法语口译实务 24 24 1920

Ole Doering and Cord Eberspächer English Translations of Chinese Classics 34 34 2720

Fan Ni 德语（三） 32 32 2560

Lars Nowak Deutsch Hören und Sprechen (2) 32 32 2560

192 211 64 100 567 45360

15360 16880 5120 8000 45360

'''Euro-China Dialogues by Martin Woesler'''

Cross-Universities Tea Chat on International Women's Day with a lecture from the European perspective on systemic problems to implement total equality, Western Cafe
与几大高校人员于国际妇女节当日共同讨论了从欧洲角度看待实现完全平等这一话题。

Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102
与30名英语母语者本科生在专家楼1栋102开展野餐以及户外烧烤活动，同时共同讨论了有关欧洲联盟的政体，演变历史，发展前景等相关内容。

Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 20 MA students, Expert Building 1-102
与20名英语母语者研究生在专家楼1栋102开展野餐以及户外烧烤活动，同时探讨了中欧考试制度，教育理念，教育方式的异同等相关话题。

German Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102
与30名本科生在专家楼1栋102开展德式野餐以及户外烧烤活动，并探讨了中欧文化在双方地域的接受度问题。

Colloquium with Jiang Lihua: European perspective on marketing films for Chinese cities, room
吴教授与“语言智能与跨文化传播研究小组”在湖南师范大学外国语学院601教室举办了线下读书分享会，主题为“形象学视角下国家外宣形象的建构”，会议语言为英语。与会学生畅所欲言，就本次主题展开热烈讨论，均收益颇丰。

Dec 13, 2019 19:00-21:00 Warnke, lecture

Dec 14, 2019 14:00-16:00 Warnke, colloquium

Dec 16, 2019 19:00-21:00 Chu, lecture

Mar 6, 15:00-19:00 JM Dialogue: European Woman's Day, with Multinational Circle, Shiguang Zhongxi Canting

吴漠汀教授开展了主题为“欧洲的妇女节”的会谈。

Mar 8 1st JM Volunteer-Meeting with 6 MA and PhD students, contribution on European Grants, 309

2022年3月8日14：00-16：00，国际汉学中心的6名硕士和博士志愿者在湖南师范大学外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了让·莫内志愿者会议第一次会议。吴漠汀教授向各志愿者们介绍了国际汉学中心的情况和让·莫内项目，商讨了欧盟让·莫内项目基金相关事宜，并给志愿者们分配了近期工作内容。

Thurs. Mar 10 Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102

Fri. Mar 11 18:30-23:00 Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 20 MA students, Expert Building 1-102

Tue. Mar 15 German Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102

Mar 16 2nd JM Volunteer-Meeting with 6 MA and PhD students, contribution on European politics, 309

2022年3月16日15：00-17：00，国际汉学中心的6名硕士和博士志愿者在湖南师范大学外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了让·莫内志愿者会议第一次会议。吴漠汀教授与各志愿者共同探讨了中欧政治体系的异同。

Thu Mar 17, Lecture by Martin Woesler on Tourism 读书分享会, 601, Marketing: Gongzhonghao

Mo Mar 21, 11:00-12:30 JM Lunch: European unification

2022年3月21日，11：00-12：30，吴漠汀教授与五名志愿者在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅聚餐，开展了主题为“欧洲一体化”的讨论，与会学生畅所欲言，积极分享自己的观点，大家均收益颇丰。

Wed Mar 23, 11:00-14:45 JM Lunch: European unification with 5 MA and PhD students

Mo Mar 26, 19:00-21:15 JM Chats: European foreign policy

Tu Apr.12, 11:50-14:20 JM Work Report at Jiayuan Restaurant and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了工作会议，志愿者们就近期所做工作进行了工作汇报，吴教授分别对各志愿者的工作给予了评价，并对未来的工作进行了分配。

Sun Apr 17, 14:30-19:00 JM Dialogue: Eastern in Europe, Multinational Circle, Fly Cafe, Jiayuan Western Cafe

Tu Apr 19, 11:00-15:00 JM Dialogue: Webliterature at Jiayuan Western Cafe and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室与志愿者们开展了讨论会议。会议主题为“网络文学”。此次会议详细讨论了“网络文学”近几年在中国的发展历程。

Wed Apr 20, 11:00-15:00 JM Dialogue: Webliterature 2 at Jiayuan Restaurant and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室与志愿者们开展了讨论会议。会议主题为“网络文学”。此次会议详细讨论了“网络文学”的类型，以及在国外的接受度。

Sat Apr 23, 9:00-16:00 JM Culture Exchange: Shadow Play in China and Europe, Hunan Yuhua feiyi guan

湖南师范大学特聘教授、博导、国际汉学中心主任吴漠汀来到湖南雨花非遗馆，与长沙何氏皮影戏第四代传承人何怀玉进行了深入交流。

Wed Apr 27, 11:00-15:00 Preparation of Fundraising Event "Chinese-European Friendship"

吴漠汀教授在木兰食堂和腾龙楼309召开了会议，向志愿者们介绍了“中欧友谊”项目资金筹集活动，并为这个即将到来的活动做了一系列准备工作。

Thu Apr 28, 18:00-21:00 Fundraising Event "Chinese-European Friendship", collected 20,450 Euros from Europe to support 7 China-related projects

吴漠汀教授与志愿者们参与了“中欧友谊”项目资金筹集活动，此次活动从欧洲筹集到了共20450欧元的资金，帮助了7个与中国相关的项目。

Fre Apr 29, 9:00-12:00 Classics Translation and Appreciation, Frontiers in Literature Translation and Chinese Literature Goes Abroad - from the European perspective, MOOC production, Hunan Normal University Shanlou 善楼 6th floor, room 413

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学至善楼进行了MOOC的录制，课程主题为“典籍翻译和赏析、文学翻译前沿和从欧洲视角看中国文学走出去”。

Wed May 4, 11:00-14:00 JM Work: Set up a European Library at Jiayuan Western Cafe and 309

吴漠汀教授带领志愿者们，将办公室内有关欧洲的书籍按照其类别进行分类，分成了哲学、历史、文学三大类，并建立了自己的电子图书馆，欢迎全校师生来国际汉学中心借阅图书。

May 17, 6:30-9:30 pm Jean Monnet Activity: Yearplanning for Multinational Circle, Martin Woesler joins Marketing and Event Planning groups as "Multinational Circle Ambassador". at X-Handsome Pizza Restaurant, Xinminlu.

吴漠汀教授给国际留学生介绍中国文化。

Wed May 18, 11:30- JM Hanxue literary work at Jiayuan Western Cafe and office 309

吴漠汀教授带领志愿者们整理了国际汉学论坛的论文，帮助编撰汉学期刊杂志，并为即将到来的学术讲座做准备。

Thurs May 19, 19:30-21:00 Lecture by Warnke at 613

Sat May 21, 10:00- JM editing work

吴教授请来了黄渊基先生来指导志愿者们进行汉学期刊杂志的相关工作。

Wed May 25, 11:00-14:30 - JM editing work

吴教授和志愿者们进行了汉学期刊的相关工作，并布置了近期JM网站的任务。

Sat May 28, 11:00- 14：30 -JM editing work

吴教授和黄渊基编辑进一步指导志愿者们进行汉学期刊的相关工作

Sat May 28, 19:00-22:30

Wed June 8,

Wed Nov 2, 12:00-13:30 Preparation of Donation campaign

=Research and Grant Writing=
==Assistant Li Ying==
Collecting information about available continuation of the funding or similar funding, preparing new application letters for funding based on the existing successful letters. 李穎

Deadline Nov 2022-Feb 2023? Prepare next JM-Chair application.

Helen updates information and adds links.

==Assistant Helen He Jun==
===Grant: 让莫内主席教授2020-2023(received)===

*How to spend grant
*How to ask for remaining grant

===Grant: 岳麓山大学科技城 (start: now, deadline: April 30, 2022)===
*[[Yuelu Mountain Universities Science City 2022]]
*Contact with translation company is established

===Grant: 让莫内讲席教授2023-2026 (start: Nov 25, 2022, deadline: March 1, 2023)===
[[JM Application 2023]]

[[JM Application Websites]]

===Grant: Web literature===
[[Web Literature 2022]]

===Grant: 111===
===Honorary Doctorates' Awards===
Check with Dean Zeng Yanyu and Ministry of Education
====Harald Holz, philosopher, novelist and poet====
====Matthias Kettner, philosopher====
====Martin Warnke, media studies====
===Cooperation with Humboldt Center===
===Further possible grants from Germany, EU and China===

=Networking=
Connecting to other Jean Monnet Chairs and to the Centre in Brussels to network with other Centres and to coordinate joint database and initiatives including the current survey among JM Chairs. Gabrielle 黎溢佳

=Campus Communication=
Keeping up communication within the university to further spread the information about the program, recruit further teachers to get a share of the funding, coordinate with University press department to achieve high publicity and documentation of the work including the documentation for the final report which is due September 2023. Li Xin 李欣

The publicity plan for teachers has been submitted and is being publicized

The plan of monthly lectures has been approved and will be arranged one by one after the theme of each month is determined

=Activities Coordination=
Planning and conducting representative activities, including issuing the EU Studies Expert certificates in coordination with the university administration, sign-revealing ceremonies, setting up EU funded PhD scholarships, setting up small events like awarding honorary PhD to senior European scholars (have to be retired in Europe, can be up to 90 years old, e.g. Harald Holz) with high publicity. Design and estimate costs for hanging up metal signs with Erasmus+ and EU logo, logo for the Center, the Multilevel Center, BMBF, Translation Workshop, European Academy as well as a sign for an existing campaign "We don't take presents."

=Deadlines=
*April 30, 2022, start now - 岳麓山大学科技城
*March 1, 2023, start: Nov. 25, 2022 - 让莫内讲席教授2023-2026
*April 30, 2022，redistribution start: May 1, 2022 - 岳麓科技城人才服务卡

=Publishing - Susan Chu 祝美梅=
Formatting and copy editing English contents for publication

'''Professor please remember to send her brief introduction of the journals and further materials.'''

MCLC; Textbooks; HLM 4; Complete Works of Lu Xun; EJS; EJSin; Interviews

Martin please remember to send Susan the related profiles.

==TOCs and CFPs==
Dear Susan, please formulate TOCs and CFPs for the following journal issues. I will then publish a TOC and a CFP every other week with MCLC blog, Sinology Facebook Group and H-NET Asia mailinglist:
*Please check the existing TOCs and CFPs on the H-Asia website.

===TOC European Journal of Sinology 10 (2019)===

The European Journal of Sinology (EJSin) is an independent journal on ancient and premodern China, founded in 2010. All EJSin issues including paper titles, abstracts and references can be accessed on http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php.

Due to the professionalization of its double blind peer review process, its copy editing process and its setting up of an ip range campus license system, the EJSin issues have been delayed since 2019. Currently, EJSin catches up by publishing its annual issues every half year.

*Ancient and Modern Practical Ethics of Humanity: Concrete Humanity from Mencius to Schweitzer

''Lenk, Hans'' pp. 7-27
*Figurism and Ideological Colonialism

''Holz, Harald'' pp. 28-32
*The Silk Road: Connections and Interactions between Chinese and European Philosophy
China as Inspiration for European Thinkers

''an der Heiden, Uwe'' pp. 33-51
*Past, Present & Future: Storytelling, Recitation and Repetition in Popular Education in the Yang Zheng Lei Bian

''Chu, Margaret'' pp. 52-94
*Things Unspoken in the Red Chamber Dreams

''Woesler, Martin'' pp. 95-111

http://universitypress.eu/9783865152978_005.pdf

Contact for contributions, purchase and subscriptions of online and paper issues: journals@universitypress.eu

'''Task for Susan'''

Please adjust the TOCs so that they look more like the following:

TOC: Chinese Literature, Essays Articles Reviews (CLEAR) v. 43 (2021)

CHINESE LITERATURE: ESSAYS ARTICLES REVIEWS

CONTENTS Volume 43 (Dec. 2021)

EDITORIAL

NECROLOGY
Eugene Chen Eoyang, 1939-2021

ESSAYS AND ARTICLES

Rebecca DORAN, “Clothing and Ways of Dressing as Narrative Motifs in Shishuo xinyu”

MEI Chun, “High-Brow Literature: Physiognomy and Scholar-Beauty Romance”

Yingying HUANG, “Nüxia and Footbinding: Forging the Female Knight-Errant”

GONG Haomin, “A World Without Enemies: Revenge, Sacrifice, and Redemption in Chen Kaige’s Adaptation of The Orphan of Zhao”

SPECIAL ISSUE ON YANG MU

Michelle YEH, “A Tribute to Yang Mu”

Yu-yu CHENG, “A Ceaseless Generative Structure: Yang Mu’s Views on Early Chinese Classical Literature”

Cheng-chung LIU, “Absorbed in Thought, Seeking all Around: Yang Mu’s Prose and Chinese and Western Literary Traditions”

Haun SAUSSY, “Yang Mu’s Poetic Returns”

Yueqin ZHAI, “The Tragic Spirit of the East: The ‘Drama of Sounds’ in Yang Mu’s Poems”

Joseph R. ALLEN, “As Always, Yang Mu: A Relationship of Letters”

REVIEWS OF BOOKS

Further details at: https://clear.wisc.edu

Categories: Announcement

Keywords: announcement, Chinese literature, Journal ToC

The European Journal of Chinese Studies (EJCS) is an independent journal on modern and contemporary China, founded in 2018. All issues including paper titles, abstracts and references can be accessed on http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php.

Due to the professionalization of its double blind peer review process, its copy editing process and its setting up of an ip range campus license system, the EJCS issues have been delayed since 2019. Currently, EJCS catches up by publishing its annual issues every half year.

===TOC European Journal of Chinese Studies 2 (2019)

CHINESE LITERATURE: ESSAYS ARTICLES REVIEWS

CONTENTS Volume 2 (2019)

ESSAYS AND ARTICLES

Martin WOESLER, Martin WANKE, Matthias KETTNER, Jens LANFER “The Chinese Social Credit System: Origin, political design, exoskeletal morality and comparisons to Western systems”

Huiling LUO, “No Distance Matters, neither any Difference: China-Spain Relations during Adolfo Suárez’ Government”

Michael Knüppel, “Preliminary report of a study on Arabic calligraphy of the Hui Muslims — the example of the dū ās (都阿)”

Cîndea Gîţă, Iulia Elena, Riccardo Moratto, “Chinese Literature in Romania: A Qualitative Study based on In-Depth Interviews with the Agents Involved in Sino-Romanian Transfer of Culture”

Further details at: http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php#EJCS2019

Categories: Announcement

Keywords: social credit system, trust, Chinese market economy, political loyalty, Journal ToC

===CFP “Young Chinese and their world view” European Journal of Chinese Studies 3 (2020) Special Issue===

'''Sample CFP'''

CFP: The Journal of Northeast Asian History Vol. 19-1

Type: Call for Papers

Location: Korea South

Subject Fields: Asian History / Studies, Chinese History / Studies, East Asian History / Studies, Japanese History / Studies, Korean History / Studies

CFP: The Journal of Northeast Asian History Vol. 19-1

Dear Colleagues,

The Northeast Asian History Foundation continues to expand its interaction with scholars specializing in Asian history and related fields outside East Asia. The Foundation is also strengthening its ties with leading institutions and scholars by encouraging interdisciplinary and comparative approaches to research on geopolitical, cultural, educational, and other issues in East Asia.

The Foundation publishes the Journal of Northeast Asian History (JNAH), a peer-reviewed semi-annual English-language journal that focuses on history-based approaches to Asian politics, cultures, economy and other fields to shed light on the historical realities of the Asian World. The Journal's geographical scope extends to other parts of the world which have significant relevancy to Asian history, thus charting globalism and localism from global perspectives.

In particular, we will welcome two topics that concern (1) Korea-China Relations and Historical Configuration in Northeast Asia and (2) US-China Relations and Historical Issues in East Asia, both of which will help explore further how inter-state and intra-state matters were and are liked together to the historical development of continental East Asia and how the confluence of these external and internal factors have been making vital impact on the various mode of regional interaction in modern East Asia and beyond.

The Journal of Northeast Asian History calls for the submission of outstanding and unpublished papers for review and possible publication in Winter 2022. We invite colleagues to consider the Journal when seeking to publish ongoing research since we believe this can be an impetus for further scholarly collaboration in the future. For full consideration, please submit manuscripts by July 31, 2022 for Winter Issue.

Please contact us at jnah@nahf.or.kr or jnah.nahf@gmail.com should you have any questions regarding the journal, its submission process or subscription to it.
Thank you in advance for your attention and contributions.

Editorial Board of Journal of Northeast Asian History (JNAH)

Contact Email: jnah@nahf.or.kr

Categories: CFP

Keywords: CFP

===CFP “David versus Goliath - Souvereignty issues of small countries and regions neighboring large countries” European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021) Special Issue===

CFP: European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021) Special Issue

'''Type:''' Call for Papers

'''Location:''' China

'''Subject Fields:''' Asian History / Studies, Chinese History / Studies, East Asian History / Studies

'''CFP:''' “David versus Goliath - Souvereignty issues of small countries and regions neighboring large countries” European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021)

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine — the most consequential military conflict Europe has witnessed since the Second World War — has riveted the attention of the world. Almost inevitably people look to draw analogies — both historical and contemporary ones. One popular contemporary analogy is between Russia’s actions vis-à-vis Ukraine and mainland China’s approach to Taiwan.

In this issue, we will welcome two topics that concern (1) Russia-Ukraine and (2) Mainland China-Taiwan. We aim to bring together papers that critically examine the two comparisons. We aim to bring together papers that (1) critically examine the differentiated situation of the two large authoriatarian nations; (2) discuss the ways in which two large authoritarian nations exert control on smaller neighbors; and (3) comparison with the approach of non-authoritarian large nations towards smaller neighbors; (4) consequences for world order, stability, peace and economical development.

'''Submit your abstract'''

'''Categories:''' CFP

Keywords: CFP

===CFP “The Chinese society system versus the Western society system” European Journal of Chinese Studies 5 (2022) Special Issue===
===CFP “China old and new” European Journal of Sinology 11 (2020) Special Issue===
===CFP “Traditional Chinese Culture and the Future” European Journal of Sinology 12 (2021) Special Issue===
===CFP “Cross-Cultural Elements in Chinese and Western Literary Works” European Journal of Chinese Studies () Special Issue===

CFP: European Journal of Chinese Studies () Special Issue

'''Type:'''Call for Papers

'''Location:'''Germany

'''Subject Fields:''' Chinese literature / Studies, Western literature / Studies

'''CFP:'''“Cross-Cultural Elements in Chinese and Western Literary Works” European Journal of Chinese Studies” European Journal of Chinese Studies ()

Communication is among the best ways to resolve differences and strengthen cooperation. At an age when "anti-globalization" continues to characterize global situation; conservatism and ultra-nationalism are on the rise; and regional conflicts become frequent, cross-cultural communication seems to be particularly meaningful.

In this issue, we will welcome topics that concern (1) Chinese literature and (2) Western literature. We aim to bring together papers that critically examine cross-cultural elements in Chinese and Western literature in general or in particular works. We will welcome papers that (1) critically examine the different culture and cross-cultural elements in Chinese and Western literature; (2) discusses the problems encountered in such cross-cutural communication; (3) what such communications contribute to Chinese or Western culture.

'''Submit your abstract'''

'''Categories: '''CFP

Keywords: CFP

==The following CFPs need to be written in Chinese==
===CFP “China rewrites history” European Journal of Sinology 13 (2022) Special Issue===
===CFP “China old and new” Hanxue 1 (2018) Special Issue===
===CFP “Traditional Chinese Culture and the Future” Hanxue 2 (2019) Special Issue===
===CFP “Continuities and Disruptions in Chinese Culture” Hanxue 3 (2020) Special Issue===
===CFP “The Chinese Fight Against Poverty” Hanxue 4 (2021) Special Issue===
===CFP “The Chinese Fight Against the Pandemic” Hanxue 5 (2022) Special Issue===

=Remarks=
各位学妹你们好，请在以上任务中挑选自己感兴趣的。另外，国际汉学中心（外院309）需要值班，值班期间要完成汉学中心相关工作，值班时间为周一到周五，具体时间可再商议。现在需要收集你们的可值班时间，中心会按照工作时长发放工资。请你们把可值班时间发在群里，我来排班。

Gabrielle: 周三整天，周四下午都可以

Li Xin 李欣: 周一和周三上午可以值班

LIAO Shiyun Classics 22: 周三整天，周四下午都可以

Susan Chu 祝美梅: 周二、周三、周四、周五下午都可以

李穎: 周三，周四下午

JMCentre

2024-01-06T14:43:01Z

You Tianwei: /* PhD and volunteer student staff work hour documentation */

This is the wiki website for daily work of the JM Centre of Excellence at Hunan Normal University.

This website shortlink: http://bou.de/u/wiki/JMCentre

Our public website: http://jmcentre.eu

=Registration on this website=
Please all participants register for this wiki in order to be able to edit the websites and also to add your information:

https://bou.de/u/wiki/Special:RequestAccount

Please fill in the registration form with your real name as "username" and as "real name". The password for registration and also for editing any website on the wiki is "wikicaptcha".

=PhD and volunteer student staff work hour documentation=

CCX, YTW, LR, DYY, BW, ZLZR

'''Date, time, hours, content of work'''

*CCX’ s working hours
CCX Dec 1 , 16:00-17:00,1 hours , discuss the survey with Pro. Ole on WeChat ,edit the survey questions
CCX Dec 5, 18:15-18:45, 0.5 hours, participation in meeting, report on the status of the survey
CCX Dec 12 19:00-19:30,0.5 hours, participation in meeting
CCX Dec 19, 18:30-19.30, 1 hours, participation in meeting, report on the status of the survey

*YTW‘s working hours
YTW Dec 18, 16:00-17:00, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 24-31;
YTW Dec 23, 21:40-22:50, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 31-49;
YTW Dec 25, 19:35-20:39, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, page 49-65. fertig.
YTW Jan 6, 21:27-22:38, transcriptions：interview with LIU Cixin, reworked the transcriptions, fertig.

*LR

=Minutes=
==Nov 16, 2023==
Minutes of the Kick-off meeting “EU JM Centre of Excellence for Digitalization of University Teaching” Nov 16, 2023, 10:00-11:30 am, HNU Tenglong Building, room 309
===Protocol: Martin Woesler===
===Participants===
Prof. Woesler, Prof. Jiang Lihua, Prof. Porter, PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, Zhouli Ziruo, Volunteer "Sari" Cai Xixiu.

===Next Meeting===
Friday Nov 24, 2023, 10:00 am room 309. For those who can only attend online: Zoom: http://bit.ly/ZOOMCOURSE

===Your contact people: The project staff===
Project Leader: Prof. Woesler, Project Assistants: PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong. The staff takes on the double task of conducting research (especially systematic literature reviews, surveys, field experiments testing different learning spaces or digital tools) and doing the administration (keeping the overview, watching the timeline, reports on the EU platform, reminding of deadlines, organizing meetings, inviting project members and external experts to joint papers, conferences, anthologies etc.).

===Salaries===
The project started in September and the project staff has already invested some work. So far, the payment of the salaries was not yet agreed to by the accounting office, they wanted more information. Still, there is a lot of work which needs to be done, including website and reports, until December. Therefore, it is important, that the accounting office already pays the monthly salaries to the project staff now in November.

===Budget===
The budget is quite large and except from the salary for the project staff contains several sub posts, like lump sum salary for students, travel reimbursement, equipment, website programming, conference costs etc. Prof. David Porter offered to design and create a EU and a CN website adhering to the respective policies.

===Personnel===
For the 5 Research Groups, the following heads were suggested:

#Regulation (Comparison) Liu Bai
#Experiences (Comparison) Aline
#Effectiveness of digital tools: David Porter, Ole Döring, Yang Zhiming

Explanation: (How to achieve learning outcomes of teaching in presence also with online or technology-enhanced teaching? Quality measurement.)
#Learning Spaces (Comparison): Jiang Lihua
#ChatGPT/PostEdit (Comparison C-EU): Martin Woesler

===Salary for Project Personnel and Project Members===
There is no monthly salary foreseen in the budget for all participants. But everybody who invests time in the project should be reimbursed. Since the publication of papers is the most important in the project, the project offers to reimburse all Professors and PhD candidates, who publish a paper to be reimbursed for 50 hours (each SCI, SSCI or A&HCI impact paper, corresponds to 1000 Euros for professors and 500 Euros for students), 25 hours (each CSSCI impact paper, corresponds to 500 Euros for professors and 250 Euros for students). Non PhD-Students (but Bachelor- or Master students) who participate, e.g. in the many time consuming tasks like literature review, surveys, field experiments, will be reimbursed with a lump sum per month and will be informed about the expected number of hours they are required to work.

===Credits and Acknowledgments===
Hunan Normal University needs to be mentioned as the affiliated university of both, the 1st and 2nd author. Also, the grant acknowledgement and disclaimer need to be printed with the paper, e.g. as a footnote or endnote. All posters, websites etc. need to display the EU Erasmus + co-funding logo.

===Things to do===
#Prof. Jiang: Please invite Prof. Liu Bai and Prof. Yang Zhiming.
#Prof. Jiang: Dean Situ and the Accounting office may contact you to reconfirm that the first money can be paid from the grant amount received.
#Ole: Please invite Prof. Aline Tedeschi
#Everybody: Please start to read the newest research papers on the topic. The library offers and EBSCO access. Ole can instruct student groups to perform different Systematic Literature Reviews. Languages should be at least Chinese and English. Some research questions should be developed through these literature reviews. Please keep in touch in the WeChat group and exchange your findings.

===Things to do for the project staff===
#Finalize report of old project (this part of the work is NOT paid by the new project) both on the EU platform as well as on the website http://jmchair.eu.
#Organize setting up a Website
#Get the frequent payments running with the accounting office in coordination with the College leadership.
#Conduct systematic literature reviews, develop research questions, surveys, field studies, experiments etc. => results on wiki for everybody to use.
#Set up virtual working space on wiki and invite everybody to join. Publish there all findings.
#Invite everybody to the next meeting next Friday 10 am and collect points for the agenda from the participants.

P.S.: After the meeting, Prof. Jiang invited Prof. Woesler to join the current session of her Colloquium into room 410 (13:00-14:15). There he introduced the project again and offered the PhD candidates to join the project, preferrably assisting the head of research group 4, Prof. Jiang Lihua. PhD candidates are encouraged to join because they can make double use of their research for the project/publications and their thesis. Also, the participation in the project will be certified and can be used in the curriculum vitae for job applications.

==Nov 24, 2023==
Minutes of the second weekly meeting “EU JM Centre of Excellence for Digitalization of University Teaching” Nov 24, 2023, 10:00-11:30 am, HNNU Tenglong Building, room 309

===Protocal: Liu Rong, edited: Martin Woesler===

===Participants===
Prof. Woesler, Prof. Porter, Prof. Ma Nake, PhD students Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, "Sari" Cai Xixiu.

===Next Meeting===
Scheduled for Tuesday Nov 29, 16:00 and 18:15 Chinese time room 309. For those who can only attend online: Tencent Meeting:https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/bCQdfgGlezZ1

===Budget and Salary===
For student volunteers the budget provides a total of 4,000 Yuan per month over the range of 3 years. Since there is a higher workload before and during conferences, we will have to be able to assign both salaries (e.g. for Cai Cixiu) and short-term contract salaries (e.g. for conferences). The project staff receives regular payments. The request for first payments has been submitted.

===Things to do===
#Sari: Please conduct a MikeCRM survey. Print the research questionnaire by Prof. Doering, and conduct the survey with the students who participated in the painting event. (When conducting the survey, the respondents’ initials with birth date (like WJG1001) can be used to code them, so that the privacy of respondents can be protected and we can compare and analyze developments.)
#Phd students: Please analyze the survey results of the last EU project, and upload the parts of the final report to the EU website (compare the answers of Prof. Woesler’s with the students’ answer and get the percentage both at the beginning and the end of the semester. If there is a progress, this would be a good result for the report.) Also copy documentation to website jmchair.eu.
#Prof. Porter: Thank you for submitting the first samples for a website. They are under review.
#Everybody: Start reading. Prepare systematic literature reviews on the project topic, develop research questions, surveys, field studies, experiments etc. => results on wiki for everybody to use.

===Next Meeting===
Scheduled for Tuesday Nov 29, 16:00 and 18:15 Chinese time room 309. For those who can only attend online: Tencent Meeting:https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/bCQdfgGlezZ1

==Minutes Nov 28, 2023==

===Participants===
David, Aline, Martin, Duan Yuanyuan, Sari, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong

===Website ===

The new website http://jmcentre.eu is online currently as a copy of http://jmchair.eu. The PhD students have a laptop with which they can edit the website. They will fill in the documentation of the events and courses of the last project on jmcentre.eu and then start to adjust the new website. Later the website might move to a smart phone friendly content management system provided by David Porter, which then should be copied to http://jmcentre.eu

===Literature Review===

David and Alina start reading papers on Digitalization of University Teaching. David will report about a AI question next time.

===Support by University Council President===

The University Council President Prof. Jiang offered his support to our project.

He could host the lecture series.

We will look for EU projects he can apply for.

===Work to be done soon===

PhD candidates: Submit frequent reports on EU platform, e.g. that the website is set up and running.

Everybody: Look for external experts (Chinese and Foreign, out of budget concerns best from within China or if from elsewhere online), which can be invited to a lecture series and a workshop.

===Wiki work platform===
Everybody should document the work (the PhD students also the hours and what work exactly was done during the hours) on http://bou.de/u/wiki/JMCentre

===Next meeting===
Scheduled for Dec 5, 2023, 17:15 in room 309 and on Tencent Meeting.

https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/srf6bMHRBJcN

#腾讯会议：240-505-868

==Next meeting Tue Dec 12, 18:15 http://bit.ly/ZOOMCOURSE, password: course==

==December 5, 2023, 17:15 internal, 18:15 meeting==
We meet in #309 and online on https://meeting.tencent.com/dw/Grwr602gM2k1 #腾讯会议：811-356-704.

===Participants===
David Porter, Ole Döring, Martin Woesler, Duan Yuanyuan, Sari, Zhouli Ziruo, Liu Rong

===Report by David Porter on AI and University Teaching===
Ethical questions towards ChatGPT.

How can I use ChatGPT for teaching in class?

Brainstorming

Writing tradition.

Critical thinking skills, reading habits, writing habits.

Do you think it would be appropriate to use ChatGPT.

How much percentage could be replaced with ChatGPT.

Research literacy.

The students are asked why they are given the tasks.

Complete lack of ethical reasoning.

The human input: Prompting.

Standardized surveys exist for cheating and plagiarizing.

Revalue the understanding of "cheating".

A few years ago, one was

"Is it ok to copy and paste a paragraph for your own paper and claim its yours."

"Is it ok to copy and paste a paragraph to ChatGPT."

Frankensteining assisting parts.

Does it matter that ChatGPT plagiarizes?

Authorship discussion.

===Survey===
Compare impression of the learning effect when watching paper images and painter in comparison to watch images on ppt.

Creativity, you can see the entire process of production and consumption.

===Check on the to dos===
Can we get any PhD candidates from the Colloquium to join?

Have the people mentioned in the Minutes of the Kick-off meeting been invited to join?
===Report on the payments by the accounting department===
The staff has been paid for the first three months. Only Zhouli Ziruo needs to set up an account with the department and can only receive salary starting from January 2024.

To do: Duan Yuanyuan will apply that also Sari gets paid the student volunteer lump sum.

==Minutes for Dec 12, 2023==
Participants: David Porter, Zhouli Ziruo and Martin Woesler, Liu Rong, Sari Cai Zixiu.

===Report by David Porter===
*Scheduling research during the winter break.
*Fri Dec 15, 2023, 12:00 pm Meeting to discuss survey with David and Ole. Invitation: Sari, Duan Yuanyuan, Liu Rong, Benjamin Wellsand. David will send a reminder in beforehand.

===Report by Martin Woesler===
Personnel: Benjamin Wellsand will replace Zhouli Ziruo among the three PhD students.

Waiting for payment by accounting department.

EU ratified the AI Ethics law. Cf. to UN resolution.

Martin will add information and put the links here.

===Report by Martin Woesler on Grants for going to a French university as a visiting professor, chair professors===
For now, I recommend to already check out the grants to prepare a good application. Regarding the chair professor or visiting scholar programs for foreign professors in France, there are the following mostly financed by the EU, sometimes together with the French Ministry of Science (I have indicated all weblinks):

1. Chair Program with Universities and Grand Ecoles

In addition to receiving visiting professors or researchers, many French universities and Grandes Ecoles have chair programmes to welcome researchers from around the world. These programmes are usually designed for specific scientific problems and last for a limited time. The Collège de France in particular has developed a programme of excellence in which many chairs are reserved for foreign researchers or professors. www.college-de-france.fr.

2. Chair Programs with Research Establishments

Further, there are corporate chairs that enable foreign researchers to work with a company and research establishment for up to 2 years. This programme is financed by the French National Research Agency.
http://www.agence-nationale-recherche.fr/suivi-bilan/historique-des-appels-a-projets/appel-detail1/chaires-industrielles-2017/

3. Visiting Professors

3.1 the RFIEA (Réseau Français des Instituts d’Etudes Avancées French Network of Institutes of Advanced Studies): http://rfiea.fr/;

3.2 The University of Paris 1 PanthéonSorbonne: https://www.univparis1.fr/international/enseignants-chercheurs-invites/venir-comme-professeur-invite/;

3.3 the University of ParisSaclay, with the Alembert programme: https://www.universiteparis-saclay.fr/fr/recherche/appel-projet/jean-dalembert;

3.4 AixMarseille University https://amidex.univamu.fr/fr/notre-projet;

3.5 the University of Paris 13: https://www.univ-paris13.fr/professeurs-invites/;

3.6 the UPMC: http://www.upmc.fr/fr/international/mobilite_des_chercheurs.html.

4. If he wants to go with a research team:

Experienced researchers may request funding for their research team from the European Research Council (ERC).

4.1 A Consolidator Grant https://erc.europa.eu/funding/consolidator-grants or

4.2 Advanced Grant https://erc.europa.eu/funding/advanced-grants can finance all or part of your stay, as well as that of your team, for up to 5 years. These grants can reach 2.5 million euros.

===Tasks for next week===
Everybody should read a few papers on use of digital technology and/or AI for university teaching and related topics.

Until the end of the year, we should also collect the names of some experts, we want to invite to our lecture series.

===Meeting Dec 19, 2023===
Dec 19, 2023 18:15 Chinese time online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09

====Participants====
Liu Rong, Cai Cixiu, Martin Woesler, David Porter by WeChat text message

====Approaching Deadlines====
We have to report with the continuous reporting until Dec 31, 2023 if Deliverable 1.1, to setup a website, has been fulfilled. Martin Woesler will report this (the website has been set up unter the url http://jmcentre.eu).

====Tasks for researchers and staff====
All of us invite identify foreign experts and the meeting will decide who is going to be invited and then the person having suggested the expert should also reach out to them to ask if they would join for a lecture in our lecture series or even more (like cooperating in one of the research groups).
=====Prof. Luis Cordeiro-Rodrigues, Hunan University=====
Suggested by David Porter.
====Tasks for staff====
Task for the staff: Please write down all deadlines, so that you can make sure, that the reports are written in time and the deliverables are fulfilled before the end of the deadlines.

*Dec 31, 2023. D1.1 Website WP1 1 - HUNNU DEC —Websites, patent filings, videos, etc PU - Public 3
*Oct 1, 2024. D1.2 International Conference presentation WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 12
*Jul 1, 2025. D1.3 Presentation of Anthology in English WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 21
*Oct 1, 2025 D1.4 Conference presentation with German external partner university WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 24
*Jul 1, 2025 D1.5 Presentation of Anthology in Chinese WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 33
*Sep 30, 2025 D1.6 Presentation on Conference WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 36

====Staff hour documentation====
Reminder: Please all staff members (Liu Rong, Duan Yuanyuan, Zhouli Ziruo, Benjamin Wellsand) and external staff members paid from other funds (You Tianwei) please remember to document your working hours above: [[JMCentre#PhD_and_volunteer_student_staff_work_hour_documentation]].

====Salary====
Duan Yuanyuan will ask the accounting department to pay the salary for December. This time, also Zhouli Ziruo, Cai Cixiu and Benjamin Wellsand should be added with their bank connections.

====Tasks for everybody for the winter break====
#Hard work between Dec 27-Jan 8 for those who do not go on Xmas holiday.
#Find and read papers, prepare research questions.
#Identify external experts we can invite to our lecture series.
#All staff hours (also earlier ones) are documented NOW on our website.
#Duan Yuanyuan adds bank connections of the missing three assistants to the accounting department.
#Find fitting standard surveys we can use, use them and publish a paper on the results.
#Martin Woesler will send David Porter a task list for website-related issues.
#Martin Woesler improves final report of old project and reports website http://jmcentre.eu to EU, deadline Dec 31, 2023. The PL has already contacted EU and send a draft, waits for approval to submit the report within the next days.
#Every staff member helps with technical work of paper submissions, transcriptions, translations, marketing/dissemination, website improvements etc. as asked for by the project leader.

===Next Meeting Jan 9, 2024===
Next meeting is scheduled for Jan 9, 2024 18:15 Chinese time online on Zoom: https://zoom.us/j/5739416744?pwd=c3h5L0NnY0xCWjlEMWhuNTBMbE92UT09

==Meeting Dec 19, 2023, 18:15 Chinese time==
===Report on Final Report last JM project===
===Report on Report on deliverable 1.1 „Website“ due December 2024===
==Deadline Oct 1, 2024 Conference==
D1.2 International Conference presentation WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 12
==Deadline Jul 1, 2025 Anthology==
D1.3 Presentation of Anthology in English WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 21
==Deadline Oct 1, 2025 Conference==
D1.4 Conference presentation with German external partner university WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 24
==Deadline Jul 1, 2025 Anthology==
D1.5 Presentation of Anthology in Chinese WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 33
==Deadline Sep 30, 2025 Conference==
D1.6 Presentation on Conference WP1 1 - HUNNU R — Document, report PU - Public 36

=PREPARATION OF WACS 8 2024 in Poznan/Athens/Changsha=

Ideas to professionalize our annual conference and to win more people to participate
#we only recommend a conference hotel with a conference discount, but the participants book directly with the hotel. This helps us to lower the conference fees to maybe 190€. Also, we only accept international bank payment directly to the association‘s account.
#We should send a flyer to us universities in order to get some PhD candidates, who can present part of their Thesis. And of course scholars as a main target group.
#Last time we also improved: double blind peer review,
# issuing travel stipends,
#awards in different categories,
#chairs and discussants for all panels,
#hybrid format.

With budget cut over the years, except for the few very well-endowed private univs, in the US, most professors only have 1 trip paid. They will choose the most relevant and established one or two. Graduate students basically pay for themselves, so they only go to AAS and/or AAS Regional conferences.

With zoom, you have more flexibility.

Dan's perspectives are from those in linguistics, a much smaller group than the scope WACS advertises.

1. As a very young asso., even with high level and strong backing, you cannot compete with the established ones.

2. Your initial vision seemed to be a platform to bring in prc sinologists who don't work with the Eng lang.

3. But you also include Eng lang papers.

4. The last few years show that W European & N Am scholars are not attracted to the conference.

A) Some feedback seems to be this is a crazy group of people, a nicer way of saying they are unprofessional and disorganised.

B) The dates may be a part of it but less critical than the messiness.

5) So two issues:

A) the volume and national variety of participants; and

B) the asso's administration of the conferences.

6) Possible remedies:

A) you need a systematic way of proactively reaching out to universities and colleges all over the world, by sending the departments information about the coming year's conference & links, etc.

You have to do this every year. Your conference's scope covers culture, history, ling., lit, phil, pol sci, etc., so to each of these departments, a notice could be sent.

You can do so with a master list by approaching a certain number in each continent the first year, then adding a few more for that country the next year, and so on.

You can even target specific regions/ continents in different years. You are in Eastern Europe, it's a good time to get them to participate. Maybe alongside, this year, it is SE Asia. (Next year, it could be S. Am & Australia as specific targets.)

B) The asso's org: herein lies the foundation of the problem. Until you look hard into it and take serious steps to overhaul it, putting in place functional committees with members who put in time and energy to administer and operate the asso., hence the conference as well, even if (A) is successful one year, it will evaporate in a handful of years.

7) In short, it is necessary to prioritise the structural/ organisational reform in administration & operation, before the change of dates.

8) Since changing the dates in a big way may not bring in many more new participants, you may want to hold it off.

A) You may want to have someone to do a quick research to see when, e.g. Asia & SE Asia is most unlikely to attend a conf, then when in S Am, etc., and the reasons. You get an overview, then you decide.

=FROM HERE ON, THIS IS THE WEBSITE OF THE OLD JEAN MONNET CHAIR PROJECT - General Status=
*Spend the remaining JMC funds: We need to document the JMC activities (add Fan Ni's, current courses, current meetings) in a file, publish it on our website and apply for reimbursement
*Prepare Dec 6, 2022 Donation campaign http://bou.de/fanyi.html
*Prepare Mar, 1, 2023 JMC application 2023-2026
*Prepare August 31, 2023 JMC report

=Conferences=
*Conference August 12-14: Prepare Proceedings

==Editing of Journal Hanxue 2018-2023==
*ISSN received
*Each issue needs to be finalized and then submitted to proof reader

Please write here the status and the person in charge of the following issues. Please especially mention if the papers are complete or for how many papers we are still waiting for the revised version
* Oct 14 漢學 1 (2018) => submission to US ISSN centre, adding information on journals.php
* Oct 14 漢學 2 (2019)
* Oct 14 漢學 3 (2020)
* Oct 14 漢學 4 (2021)
* Oct 14 漢學 5 (2022)

===Paper Published and Resubmitted===
作者、名称、发表情况、收到情况、新文章名称

*''1. 潘銘基 Poon Ming Kay 班固《漢書》的經學意義與《春秋》筆法——兼論《漢書》的傳授與讀法已发表已收到《略論傳統儒家文化與聯合國永續發展目標》''

*'''2. 鄭煒明、陳玉瑩上博簡《訟成》（原題《容成氏》）篇與先秦墨家的談辯和說書已发表无'''

*'''3. 王棕琦Wong Tsung Kei 《文子．道德》篇章結構考論——兼論今本《文子》據古本《文本》改易《淮南》原文的情況已发表无'''

*''4. 伍亭因《孔叢子-詰墨》成篇問題芻議（补充）未发表已收到''

*''5. 朱惠国论辛弃疾二十四首《临江仙》的体式及其词谱学意义已发表已收到《论<永遇乐>的声律特征及后世影响》''

*''6. 周能俊 “嘉禾”符瑞对元魏政治的影响——以北魏承明元年的齐州“嘉禾”事件为例已发表已收到《唐大中初年道教瑞应与国家政治的互动》''

*7. 黃啟深《勵忠節鈔》引《世說新語》考論部分发表修改中

*'''8. 趙望秦Wang-qin Zhao 透過文化記憶視窗看“史漢優劣”的演變已发表无（关于中韩文化方面的内容找不到）'''

*''9. 位灵芝红楼梦精雅生活——从贾宝玉说起未发表已收到''

*''10. 陈洁论《新青年》编辑权的改变对其分化的影响已发表已收到《鲁迅与新潮社》''

*''11. Shang, Yuchen 尚昱辰虚构与真实——晚明戏曲中情鬼戏的审美意涵未发表已收到''

*''12. 曹波贝克特《庸女梦》中的中国音乐：改写与误读未发表已收到''

*'''13. 梁世和尋求化解文明衝突之道——一行禪師「入世佛教」思想探析已发表已收到《南人北学陆陇其》投明年的其他会议集'''

*'''14. 曾秀萍（日）常與非常：跨越陰陽的臺灣同志/酷兒影像已发表无'''

*''15. 洪淑苓從｢父母國」出走——安琪詩中的空間經驗與女性主體建構（补充）未发表已收到''

1-15篇（何君负责收集联系，15位作者中，9位的文章已发表，其中4位表示此次不提供其他文章，1位表示新论文改投到明年的其他论文集中，已收到文章10篇，其中4篇为新文章，待审核，另有1篇正在修改中）

*16.

*17.吴双中日“水浒豪杰"的绘画形象比较
未发表修改中，本周内提交

*40张惠經典西扦之文化再塑——現代英文劇本《大觀園》之哲學與國族新面相已发表新稿件目前正在修改格式

*42陳惠齡台灣新竹寺廟、詩僧與地景所體現的地方文化空間性已发表不提供新文章

*46于宏古體漢語詩歌翻譯管闚未发表稿件修改中

==Internal Search for Reviewer from the field of Translation into German==
* June 15 Find people, contact - Martin Woesler

==Payment of Research Assistants==
* June 10 Duan Yuanyuan - please update progress here incl. reimbursement of travel costs

==Translation projects in general==
[[Book_projects]]

==Translation projects for Foreign Languages Press==
Completed by June 12
* June 6 Wisdom final proof reading 66%
* June 8 Poverty final proof reading 0%

==Translation projects for CCTSS==
* Check raw translation [[Chinesisches Kulturlexikon]] Wörterbuch Dictionary

==Own translation projects==
* June 15 HLM 4th edition

==CFP, TOC==
* June 13 Upgrade EJS 2 (2019)

==Major research project for Lueneburg==
* June 10 review Martin Woesler

==Grading of old courses==
* June 20 Martin Woesler

==Establishing standards for current papers MA Classics, MA Lang&Cult, BA Cult==
* June 15 Send standards to students

==Papers==
*[[Grading system in China]] submitted to David Martin MAY 3, 2022, now: publish
*[[Interculturality in HLM]] submitted to 2nd reviewer in USA, get back on Thursday => submit to Routledge

==CLEARED: Interviews==
* June 10 [[2022 Interview by Lou Kang]] 娄康
* June 19 [[2022 Interview by Xinhua She]]
* Published May 30, 2022: [[Interview by Wan Shuyuan 2022]]

=Imminant tasks=
*We update the website almost daily http://jmchair.eu/en/ and http://jmchair.eu/cn/ '''Liao Shiyun & Li Xin''': updates events incl. photos (参考 http://jmchair.eu/en/impressum.php), split into smaller pages http://jmchair.eu/en/participation.php; Write new: http://jmchair.eu/en/euprog.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/network.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/comparison.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/teaching.php, http://jmchair.eu/en/links.php. Martin Woesler: add new surveys into http://jmchair.eu/en/surveys.php.
*Liu Rong: We work on an '''official WeChat channel''' 微信公众号 and will post the activities there
*HX: 2018 7 Western-Chinese Cultural Studies I, 2019 7 Western-Chinese Cultural Studies II, 2020 6 drama, 2021 9 poetry, 2022 7 classics, 2023 7 literary histories, 2024 6 Religion and Philosophy. 在头里《汉学》1 (2018)。英文里面书要italic写，doi号码不对，应该是DOI:10.12906/9781682025215_002。总共的字体要大一点，因为很多人在屏幕上看。大家注意一下：doi 是这样算出来的：DOI:10.12906/97816820252 这一部分每一次都一样，然后1（2018）加“15_001”（封面和目录）、加“15_002”（第一篇）、加“15_003”（第二篇）、加“15_004”（第三篇）等等。2（2019）加“22_001”、“22_002”、“22_003”、“22_004”等等，3（2020）加“39_001”、“39_002”、“39_003”、“39_004”等等，4（2021）加“46_001”、“46_002”、“46_003”、“46_004”等等，5（2022）加“53_001”、“53_002”、“53_003”、“53_004”等等，6（2023）加“60_001”、“60_002”、“60_003”、“60_004”等等，7（2024）加“77_001”、“77_002”、“77_003”、“77_004”等等，8（2025）加“84_001”、“84_002”、“84_003”、“84_004”等等，9（2026）加“91_001”、“91_002”、“91_003”、“91_004”等等。
*EJS: Martin: EJCS 2019 update page numbers => publish, TOC; CFP. We need to publish TOC and CFP for EJS, EJCS, and HX
*We need to submit papers on Lu Xun, web literature to MCLC, grading system, and Chinoisérie to A&HCI journal of ancient China
*We need to write a larger anthology of research results
*We need to write [[Book_projects|several books]], one is the [[History of Chinese Studies]], another one the [[Appropriateness Theory Book]].
*Connect with German Literature / Translation colleague: joint research
*Work on 4th edition of Honglou meng: Check illustrations with Zhang Hui

==Wait for feedback==
*Sven Kramer from Leuphana University
*New papers from Zhang Hui, Yu Hong, Hong Shu-ling

=We need to keep reminding=
*Lihua Jiang helps to solve the following problems: JM grant (the first amount has to be paid to the participating teachers), Seed grant (will reimburse flight costs and student assistants' salaries), admission of international student Markus Mueller to PhD program, admission of Olha Woesler to BA program to collect more certificates for teaching at FSC
=Successfully completed tasks=
*We have submitted the [[Interview by Wan Shuyuan 2022]], it got more than 1 million readers and was republished on several platforms including the website of the Chinese Embassy in Germany
*The JM budget of 40.000 Euros was moved from "Research" to "Education" 教务处 and paid to the participating teachers. Now we need to provide evidence for more teachings so that the remaining 10.000 Euros and 16.667 Euros matching funds from the university can be spent and 10,000 Euros will be reimbursed upon delivery of the report. Contact person: WeChat ID chiryhuo 霍丽 Lei Li，传神湖南高校的联系人 (Aim: Get the funds assigned to Martin Woesler, then paid to the participating teachers)

=Staff tasks=
==Martin Woesler==
*Send everyone a sample of the journal and the vetting (review) of the Chinese essays.
*Prepare 2 MOOC contents and produce films
==Duan Yuanyuan==
'''Funds Management'''
*Submit a new Seed Grant 启动资金 to Administration: So in the new budget, we should have maybe 55.000 Yuan travel and (quarantine) hotel cost, 10.000 Yuan office 309 和 415 设备 (比如冰箱、饮水机), 30.000 Yuan salary for assistants, 5.000 Yuan budget for books and decoration (statues, paintings) we buy for the two walls and bookshelfs in both offices. If it is not possible to buy fridge etc. from it, we can plan this money differently. I am afraid we will spend all the money totally soon. Therefore, I will have to apply for a second budget maybe for 2023. I don't know if they grant me a second budget.
*The EU Grant requires to spend 67.000 Euros first, submit spending receipts and then apply for reimbursement of remaining 10.000 Euros. This means that the university has to release the 40.000 Euros now, is ready to spend the remaining 27.000 Euros then and get reimbursed only 10.000 Euros later.
*Read into the technical requirements of managing EU funds, this includes registering on web sites, filling out forms, submitting information and requesting fundings, controlling the funds arriving at the HUNNU account, forwarding it to the recipients at HUNNU, coordinating with financial department of HUNNU.
==Liao Shiyun 廖诗韵==
*Translates Chinese website http://jmchair.eu/cn/centre.php (网页第七部分（国际汉学中心））

Create [[Description of the Centre]] for the College Website https://fsc.hunnu.edu.cn/info/1148/4103.htm

==Zhu Meimei 祝美梅==
*List all the activities on the 6 part of the website (第六部分课程资源那一块还需要一位同学帮忙添加一些课程和活动内容（应该可以参考维基网站的课程内容）)
==Li Xin==
*Write Introduction to Centre for official FSC website 需要请一位同学帮忙充实第七部分（国际汉学中心）简介部分，可参考https://fsc.hunnu.edu.cn/info/1148/4103.htm。（李欣）
==Please add names and work report of further staff==
=Tasks sorted by topics=
=Course Enrichment Grant（Liao Shiyun）=
*Collecting contents and work proofs from the different participants of the "Course Enrichment Grant", bringing it into a representative form, uploading it on the Jean Monnet website and managing the EU Studies material database online. LIAO Shiyun (also Wiki Admin Classics course)
*Martin please remember to send the profiles to Liao Shiyun
*Activities

Teacher 课程course title 2020winter 2021summer 2021winter 2022spring Spalte1 SUMME

Jean Monnet Work Meeting (with Martin Woesler, Margaret Chu, Martin Warnke, add date and time)

Margaret Chu Lecture (here we also need to make sure that honorarium and travel reimbursement from College is paid, we need to add date and topic)

Martin Warnke Lecture (here we also need to make sure that honorarium and travel reimbursement from College is paid, we need to add date and topic)

Martin Woesler Foundation of Chinese Culture 24 32 32 88 7040

Martin Woesler Introduction to Translation Studies 24 32 56 4480

Martin Woesler Chinese Languages and Cultures 24 32 56 4480

Martin Woesler Chinese Classics Translation 32 32 2560

Martin Woesler German Phonetics 32 32 2560

Martin Woesler MOOC CompLit 1 3 4 320

Martin Woesler Colloquium 1 1 80

Jia Yanfang 《计算机辅助翻译》 24 32 56 4480

Deng Yurong College English 40 48 32 120 9600

Luo Fang 法语口译实务 24 24 1920

Ole Doering and Cord Eberspächer English Translations of Chinese Classics 34 34 2720

Fan Ni 德语（三） 32 32 2560

Lars Nowak Deutsch Hören und Sprechen (2) 32 32 2560

192 211 64 100 567 45360

15360 16880 5120 8000 45360

'''Euro-China Dialogues by Martin Woesler'''

Cross-Universities Tea Chat on International Women's Day with a lecture from the European perspective on systemic problems to implement total equality, Western Cafe
与几大高校人员于国际妇女节当日共同讨论了从欧洲角度看待实现完全平等这一话题。

Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102
与30名英语母语者本科生在专家楼1栋102开展野餐以及户外烧烤活动，同时共同讨论了有关欧洲联盟的政体，演变历史，发展前景等相关内容。

Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 20 MA students, Expert Building 1-102
与20名英语母语者研究生在专家楼1栋102开展野餐以及户外烧烤活动，同时探讨了中欧考试制度，教育理念，教育方式的异同等相关话题。

German Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102
与30名本科生在专家楼1栋102开展德式野餐以及户外烧烤活动，并探讨了中欧文化在双方地域的接受度问题。

Colloquium with Jiang Lihua: European perspective on marketing films for Chinese cities, room
吴教授与“语言智能与跨文化传播研究小组”在湖南师范大学外国语学院601教室举办了线下读书分享会，主题为“形象学视角下国家外宣形象的建构”，会议语言为英语。与会学生畅所欲言，就本次主题展开热烈讨论，均收益颇丰。

Dec 13, 2019 19:00-21:00 Warnke, lecture

Dec 14, 2019 14:00-16:00 Warnke, colloquium

Dec 16, 2019 19:00-21:00 Chu, lecture

Mar 6, 15:00-19:00 JM Dialogue: European Woman's Day, with Multinational Circle, Shiguang Zhongxi Canting

吴漠汀教授开展了主题为“欧洲的妇女节”的会谈。

Mar 8 1st JM Volunteer-Meeting with 6 MA and PhD students, contribution on European Grants, 309

2022年3月8日14：00-16：00，国际汉学中心的6名硕士和博士志愿者在湖南师范大学外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了让·莫内志愿者会议第一次会议。吴漠汀教授向各志愿者们介绍了国际汉学中心的情况和让·莫内项目，商讨了欧盟让·莫内项目基金相关事宜，并给志愿者们分配了近期工作内容。

Thurs. Mar 10 Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102

Fri. Mar 11 18:30-23:00 Anglophone Picknick and Barbecue with 20 MA students, Expert Building 1-102

Tue. Mar 15 German Picknick and Barbecue with 30 BA students, Expert Building 1-102

Mar 16 2nd JM Volunteer-Meeting with 6 MA and PhD students, contribution on European politics, 309

2022年3月16日15：00-17：00，国际汉学中心的6名硕士和博士志愿者在湖南师范大学外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了让·莫内志愿者会议第一次会议。吴漠汀教授与各志愿者共同探讨了中欧政治体系的异同。

Thu Mar 17, Lecture by Martin Woesler on Tourism 读书分享会, 601, Marketing: Gongzhonghao

Mo Mar 21, 11:00-12:30 JM Lunch: European unification

2022年3月21日，11：00-12：30，吴漠汀教授与五名志愿者在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅聚餐，开展了主题为“欧洲一体化”的讨论，与会学生畅所欲言，积极分享自己的观点，大家均收益颇丰。

Wed Mar 23, 11:00-14:45 JM Lunch: European unification with 5 MA and PhD students

Mo Mar 26, 19:00-21:15 JM Chats: European foreign policy

Tu Apr.12, 11:50-14:20 JM Work Report at Jiayuan Restaurant and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室召开了工作会议，志愿者们就近期所做工作进行了工作汇报，吴教授分别对各志愿者的工作给予了评价，并对未来的工作进行了分配。

Sun Apr 17, 14:30-19:00 JM Dialogue: Eastern in Europe, Multinational Circle, Fly Cafe, Jiayuan Western Cafe

Tu Apr 19, 11:00-15:00 JM Dialogue: Webliterature at Jiayuan Western Cafe and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室与志愿者们开展了讨论会议。会议主题为“网络文学”。此次会议详细讨论了“网络文学”近几年在中国的发展历程。

Wed Apr 20, 11:00-15:00 JM Dialogue: Webliterature 2 at Jiayuan Restaurant and 309

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学木兰食堂佳园餐厅和外国语学院腾龙楼309办公室与志愿者们开展了讨论会议。会议主题为“网络文学”。此次会议详细讨论了“网络文学”的类型，以及在国外的接受度。

Sat Apr 23, 9:00-16:00 JM Culture Exchange: Shadow Play in China and Europe, Hunan Yuhua feiyi guan

湖南师范大学特聘教授、博导、国际汉学中心主任吴漠汀来到湖南雨花非遗馆，与长沙何氏皮影戏第四代传承人何怀玉进行了深入交流。

Wed Apr 27, 11:00-15:00 Preparation of Fundraising Event "Chinese-European Friendship"

吴漠汀教授在木兰食堂和腾龙楼309召开了会议，向志愿者们介绍了“中欧友谊”项目资金筹集活动，并为这个即将到来的活动做了一系列准备工作。

Thu Apr 28, 18:00-21:00 Fundraising Event "Chinese-European Friendship", collected 20,450 Euros from Europe to support 7 China-related projects

吴漠汀教授与志愿者们参与了“中欧友谊”项目资金筹集活动，此次活动从欧洲筹集到了共20450欧元的资金，帮助了7个与中国相关的项目。

Fre Apr 29, 9:00-12:00 Classics Translation and Appreciation, Frontiers in Literature Translation and Chinese Literature Goes Abroad - from the European perspective, MOOC production, Hunan Normal University Shanlou 善楼 6th floor, room 413

吴漠汀教授在湖南师范大学至善楼进行了MOOC的录制，课程主题为“典籍翻译和赏析、文学翻译前沿和从欧洲视角看中国文学走出去”。

Wed May 4, 11:00-14:00 JM Work: Set up a European Library at Jiayuan Western Cafe and 309

吴漠汀教授带领志愿者们，将办公室内有关欧洲的书籍按照其类别进行分类，分成了哲学、历史、文学三大类，并建立了自己的电子图书馆，欢迎全校师生来国际汉学中心借阅图书。

May 17, 6:30-9:30 pm Jean Monnet Activity: Yearplanning for Multinational Circle, Martin Woesler joins Marketing and Event Planning groups as "Multinational Circle Ambassador". at X-Handsome Pizza Restaurant, Xinminlu.

吴漠汀教授给国际留学生介绍中国文化。

Wed May 18, 11:30- JM Hanxue literary work at Jiayuan Western Cafe and office 309

吴漠汀教授带领志愿者们整理了国际汉学论坛的论文，帮助编撰汉学期刊杂志，并为即将到来的学术讲座做准备。

Thurs May 19, 19:30-21:00 Lecture by Warnke at 613

Sat May 21, 10:00- JM editing work

吴教授请来了黄渊基先生来指导志愿者们进行汉学期刊杂志的相关工作。

Wed May 25, 11:00-14:30 - JM editing work

吴教授和志愿者们进行了汉学期刊的相关工作，并布置了近期JM网站的任务。

Sat May 28, 11:00- 14：30 -JM editing work

吴教授和黄渊基编辑进一步指导志愿者们进行汉学期刊的相关工作

Sat May 28, 19:00-22:30

Wed June 8,

Wed Nov 2, 12:00-13:30 Preparation of Donation campaign

=Research and Grant Writing=
==Assistant Li Ying==
Collecting information about available continuation of the funding or similar funding, preparing new application letters for funding based on the existing successful letters. 李穎

Deadline Nov 2022-Feb 2023? Prepare next JM-Chair application.

Helen updates information and adds links.

==Assistant Helen He Jun==
===Grant: 让莫内主席教授2020-2023(received)===

*How to spend grant
*How to ask for remaining grant

===Grant: 岳麓山大学科技城 (start: now, deadline: April 30, 2022)===
*[[Yuelu Mountain Universities Science City 2022]]
*Contact with translation company is established

===Grant: 让莫内讲席教授2023-2026 (start: Nov 25, 2022, deadline: March 1, 2023)===
[[JM Application 2023]]

[[JM Application Websites]]

===Grant: Web literature===
[[Web Literature 2022]]

===Grant: 111===
===Honorary Doctorates' Awards===
Check with Dean Zeng Yanyu and Ministry of Education
====Harald Holz, philosopher, novelist and poet====
====Matthias Kettner, philosopher====
====Martin Warnke, media studies====
===Cooperation with Humboldt Center===
===Further possible grants from Germany, EU and China===

=Networking=
Connecting to other Jean Monnet Chairs and to the Centre in Brussels to network with other Centres and to coordinate joint database and initiatives including the current survey among JM Chairs. Gabrielle 黎溢佳

=Campus Communication=
Keeping up communication within the university to further spread the information about the program, recruit further teachers to get a share of the funding, coordinate with University press department to achieve high publicity and documentation of the work including the documentation for the final report which is due September 2023. Li Xin 李欣

The publicity plan for teachers has been submitted and is being publicized

The plan of monthly lectures has been approved and will be arranged one by one after the theme of each month is determined

=Activities Coordination=
Planning and conducting representative activities, including issuing the EU Studies Expert certificates in coordination with the university administration, sign-revealing ceremonies, setting up EU funded PhD scholarships, setting up small events like awarding honorary PhD to senior European scholars (have to be retired in Europe, can be up to 90 years old, e.g. Harald Holz) with high publicity. Design and estimate costs for hanging up metal signs with Erasmus+ and EU logo, logo for the Center, the Multilevel Center, BMBF, Translation Workshop, European Academy as well as a sign for an existing campaign "We don't take presents."

=Deadlines=
*April 30, 2022, start now - 岳麓山大学科技城
*March 1, 2023, start: Nov. 25, 2022 - 让莫内讲席教授2023-2026
*April 30, 2022，redistribution start: May 1, 2022 - 岳麓科技城人才服务卡

=Publishing - Susan Chu 祝美梅=
Formatting and copy editing English contents for publication

'''Professor please remember to send her brief introduction of the journals and further materials.'''

MCLC; Textbooks; HLM 4; Complete Works of Lu Xun; EJS; EJSin; Interviews

Martin please remember to send Susan the related profiles.

==TOCs and CFPs==
Dear Susan, please formulate TOCs and CFPs for the following journal issues. I will then publish a TOC and a CFP every other week with MCLC blog, Sinology Facebook Group and H-NET Asia mailinglist:
*Please check the existing TOCs and CFPs on the H-Asia website.

===TOC European Journal of Sinology 10 (2019)===

The European Journal of Sinology (EJSin) is an independent journal on ancient and premodern China, founded in 2010. All EJSin issues including paper titles, abstracts and references can be accessed on http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php.

Due to the professionalization of its double blind peer review process, its copy editing process and its setting up of an ip range campus license system, the EJSin issues have been delayed since 2019. Currently, EJSin catches up by publishing its annual issues every half year.

*Ancient and Modern Practical Ethics of Humanity: Concrete Humanity from Mencius to Schweitzer

''Lenk, Hans'' pp. 7-27
*Figurism and Ideological Colonialism

''Holz, Harald'' pp. 28-32
*The Silk Road: Connections and Interactions between Chinese and European Philosophy
China as Inspiration for European Thinkers

''an der Heiden, Uwe'' pp. 33-51
*Past, Present & Future: Storytelling, Recitation and Repetition in Popular Education in the Yang Zheng Lei Bian

''Chu, Margaret'' pp. 52-94
*Things Unspoken in the Red Chamber Dreams

''Woesler, Martin'' pp. 95-111

http://universitypress.eu/9783865152978_005.pdf

Contact for contributions, purchase and subscriptions of online and paper issues: journals@universitypress.eu

'''Task for Susan'''

Please adjust the TOCs so that they look more like the following:

TOC: Chinese Literature, Essays Articles Reviews (CLEAR) v. 43 (2021)

CHINESE LITERATURE: ESSAYS ARTICLES REVIEWS

CONTENTS Volume 43 (Dec. 2021)

EDITORIAL

NECROLOGY
Eugene Chen Eoyang, 1939-2021

ESSAYS AND ARTICLES

Rebecca DORAN, “Clothing and Ways of Dressing as Narrative Motifs in Shishuo xinyu”

MEI Chun, “High-Brow Literature: Physiognomy and Scholar-Beauty Romance”

Yingying HUANG, “Nüxia and Footbinding: Forging the Female Knight-Errant”

GONG Haomin, “A World Without Enemies: Revenge, Sacrifice, and Redemption in Chen Kaige’s Adaptation of The Orphan of Zhao”

SPECIAL ISSUE ON YANG MU

Michelle YEH, “A Tribute to Yang Mu”

Yu-yu CHENG, “A Ceaseless Generative Structure: Yang Mu’s Views on Early Chinese Classical Literature”

Cheng-chung LIU, “Absorbed in Thought, Seeking all Around: Yang Mu’s Prose and Chinese and Western Literary Traditions”

Haun SAUSSY, “Yang Mu’s Poetic Returns”

Yueqin ZHAI, “The Tragic Spirit of the East: The ‘Drama of Sounds’ in Yang Mu’s Poems”

Joseph R. ALLEN, “As Always, Yang Mu: A Relationship of Letters”

REVIEWS OF BOOKS

Further details at: https://clear.wisc.edu

Categories: Announcement

Keywords: announcement, Chinese literature, Journal ToC

The European Journal of Chinese Studies (EJCS) is an independent journal on modern and contemporary China, founded in 2018. All issues including paper titles, abstracts and references can be accessed on http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php.

Due to the professionalization of its double blind peer review process, its copy editing process and its setting up of an ip range campus license system, the EJCS issues have been delayed since 2019. Currently, EJCS catches up by publishing its annual issues every half year.

===TOC European Journal of Chinese Studies 2 (2019)

CHINESE LITERATURE: ESSAYS ARTICLES REVIEWS

CONTENTS Volume 2 (2019)

ESSAYS AND ARTICLES

Martin WOESLER, Martin WANKE, Matthias KETTNER, Jens LANFER “The Chinese Social Credit System: Origin, political design, exoskeletal morality and comparisons to Western systems”

Huiling LUO, “No Distance Matters, neither any Difference: China-Spain Relations during Adolfo Suárez’ Government”

Michael Knüppel, “Preliminary report of a study on Arabic calligraphy of the Hui Muslims — the example of the dū ās (都阿)”

Cîndea Gîţă, Iulia Elena, Riccardo Moratto, “Chinese Literature in Romania: A Qualitative Study based on In-Depth Interviews with the Agents Involved in Sino-Romanian Transfer of Culture”

Further details at: http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php#EJCS2019

Categories: Announcement

Keywords: social credit system, trust, Chinese market economy, political loyalty, Journal ToC

===CFP “Young Chinese and their world view” European Journal of Chinese Studies 3 (2020) Special Issue===

'''Sample CFP'''

CFP: The Journal of Northeast Asian History Vol. 19-1

Type: Call for Papers

Location: Korea South

Subject Fields: Asian History / Studies, Chinese History / Studies, East Asian History / Studies, Japanese History / Studies, Korean History / Studies

CFP: The Journal of Northeast Asian History Vol. 19-1

Dear Colleagues,

The Northeast Asian History Foundation continues to expand its interaction with scholars specializing in Asian history and related fields outside East Asia. The Foundation is also strengthening its ties with leading institutions and scholars by encouraging interdisciplinary and comparative approaches to research on geopolitical, cultural, educational, and other issues in East Asia.

The Foundation publishes the Journal of Northeast Asian History (JNAH), a peer-reviewed semi-annual English-language journal that focuses on history-based approaches to Asian politics, cultures, economy and other fields to shed light on the historical realities of the Asian World. The Journal's geographical scope extends to other parts of the world which have significant relevancy to Asian history, thus charting globalism and localism from global perspectives.

In particular, we will welcome two topics that concern (1) Korea-China Relations and Historical Configuration in Northeast Asia and (2) US-China Relations and Historical Issues in East Asia, both of which will help explore further how inter-state and intra-state matters were and are liked together to the historical development of continental East Asia and how the confluence of these external and internal factors have been making vital impact on the various mode of regional interaction in modern East Asia and beyond.

The Journal of Northeast Asian History calls for the submission of outstanding and unpublished papers for review and possible publication in Winter 2022. We invite colleagues to consider the Journal when seeking to publish ongoing research since we believe this can be an impetus for further scholarly collaboration in the future. For full consideration, please submit manuscripts by July 31, 2022 for Winter Issue.

Please contact us at jnah@nahf.or.kr or jnah.nahf@gmail.com should you have any questions regarding the journal, its submission process or subscription to it.
Thank you in advance for your attention and contributions.

Editorial Board of Journal of Northeast Asian History (JNAH)

Contact Email: jnah@nahf.or.kr

Categories: CFP

Keywords: CFP

===CFP “David versus Goliath - Souvereignty issues of small countries and regions neighboring large countries” European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021) Special Issue===

CFP: European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021) Special Issue

'''Type:''' Call for Papers

'''Location:''' China

'''Subject Fields:''' Asian History / Studies, Chinese History / Studies, East Asian History / Studies

'''CFP:''' “David versus Goliath - Souvereignty issues of small countries and regions neighboring large countries” European Journal of Chinese Studies 4 (2021)

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine — the most consequential military conflict Europe has witnessed since the Second World War — has riveted the attention of the world. Almost inevitably people look to draw analogies — both historical and contemporary ones. One popular contemporary analogy is between Russia’s actions vis-à-vis Ukraine and mainland China’s approach to Taiwan.

In this issue, we will welcome two topics that concern (1) Russia-Ukraine and (2) Mainland China-Taiwan. We aim to bring together papers that critically examine the two comparisons. We aim to bring together papers that (1) critically examine the differentiated situation of the two large authoriatarian nations; (2) discuss the ways in which two large authoritarian nations exert control on smaller neighbors; and (3) comparison with the approach of non-authoritarian large nations towards smaller neighbors; (4) consequences for world order, stability, peace and economical development.

'''Submit your abstract'''

'''Categories:''' CFP

Keywords: CFP

===CFP “The Chinese society system versus the Western society system” European Journal of Chinese Studies 5 (2022) Special Issue===
===CFP “China old and new” European Journal of Sinology 11 (2020) Special Issue===
===CFP “Traditional Chinese Culture and the Future” European Journal of Sinology 12 (2021) Special Issue===
===CFP “Cross-Cultural Elements in Chinese and Western Literary Works” European Journal of Chinese Studies () Special Issue===

CFP: European Journal of Chinese Studies () Special Issue

'''Type:'''Call for Papers

'''Location:'''Germany

'''Subject Fields:''' Chinese literature / Studies, Western literature / Studies

'''CFP:'''“Cross-Cultural Elements in Chinese and Western Literary Works” European Journal of Chinese Studies” European Journal of Chinese Studies ()

Communication is among the best ways to resolve differences and strengthen cooperation. At an age when "anti-globalization" continues to characterize global situation; conservatism and ultra-nationalism are on the rise; and regional conflicts become frequent, cross-cultural communication seems to be particularly meaningful.

In this issue, we will welcome topics that concern (1) Chinese literature and (2) Western literature. We aim to bring together papers that critically examine cross-cultural elements in Chinese and Western literature in general or in particular works. We will welcome papers that (1) critically examine the different culture and cross-cultural elements in Chinese and Western literature; (2) discusses the problems encountered in such cross-cutural communication; (3) what such communications contribute to Chinese or Western culture.

'''Submit your abstract'''

'''Categories: '''CFP

Keywords: CFP

==The following CFPs need to be written in Chinese==
===CFP “China rewrites history” European Journal of Sinology 13 (2022) Special Issue===
===CFP “China old and new” Hanxue 1 (2018) Special Issue===
===CFP “Traditional Chinese Culture and the Future” Hanxue 2 (2019) Special Issue===
===CFP “Continuities and Disruptions in Chinese Culture” Hanxue 3 (2020) Special Issue===
===CFP “The Chinese Fight Against Poverty” Hanxue 4 (2021) Special Issue===
===CFP “The Chinese Fight Against the Pandemic” Hanxue 5 (2022) Special Issue===

=Remarks=
各位学妹你们好，请在以上任务中挑选自己感兴趣的。另外，国际汉学中心（外院309）需要值班，值班期间要完成汉学中心相关工作，值班时间为周一到周五，具体时间可再商议。现在需要收集你们的可值班时间，中心会按照工作时长发放工资。请你们把可值班时间发在群里，我来排班。

Gabrielle: 周三整天，周四下午都可以

Li Xin 李欣: 周一和周三上午可以值班

LIAO Shiyun Classics 22: 周三整天，周四下午都可以

Susan Chu 祝美梅: 周二、周三、周四、周五下午都可以

李穎: 周三，周四下午

JMCentre

2023-12-25T12:40:59Z

You Tianwei: /* PhD and volunteer student staff work hour documentation */

JMCentre

2023-12-23T14:54:09Z

You Tianwei: /* PhD and volunteer student staff work hour documentation */

JMCentre

2023-12-23T14:53:19Z

You Tianwei:

JMCentre

2023-12-19T05:04:13Z

You Tianwei:

JMCentre

2023-12-18T09:04:02Z

You Tianwei:

2022 Interview by Lou Kang

2022-06-18T16:50:23Z

You Tianwei: /* 1 Do you visit the local area before translating a novel that is particularly localized? */

Back to [[JM]] Overview Page

=Interview=
==1 在翻译一部本土化气息特别浓的小说前，是否会到当地进行走访呢？==

===1 Do you visit the local area before translating a novel that is particularly localized?===

Although there are also good translations of translators who have not visited the original sites, I think it is very important that the translator deeply immerses into the social-historical situation of the original. I met Jia Pingwa in Xi'an and he showed me his home full of regional artefacts like wooden masks and explained the regional cultural roots of these artefacts to me. I have also heard from a lot of Chinese colleagues, who study foreign authors, that they visit the places of their works and their graves to get an impression of the atmosphere. A lot of actors dive into the life of the historical characters they are acting.
虽然不可否认，仍然有不少优秀的翻译作品，其译者没有机会走访作品的发生地，但是我自己认为，走访作品发生地是十分重要的，这样译者可以深深的沉浸在原作所处的社会和历史环境中。我在西安与贾平凹见面，
I personally have spent as much time as I could on the traces of Cao Xueqin since when I was a student at Peking University. Very helpful were the Red Chamber Research Institute (中国艺术研究院红楼梦研究所), where I got the present of the Hongloumeng Dictionary 《红楼梦大辞典》, the Cao Xueqin Remembrance Site (曹雪芹纪念馆) at the foot of the Xiangshan, I have visted the reconstructed Daguanyuan (北京大观园), and the Gugong (故宫), have eaten some of the dishes presented in the novel and spent some time time in Nanking. The most I have learned from the diverse research literature in China and abroad and from attending Redology conferences in China, where the newest research results were presented by colleagues. I have read more about what was life like in the times of Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong and about Manchu culture, the Banner system. However, the main task is to take the readers by the hand and abduct to China 250 years back in time and to make the bustling life of that time become alive again. To bring the novel into today's world, I also participated in a project to recreate the novel in the form of a D Book, which is a pocket size book adding songs and video clips to the novel text with QR codes, visible on smart devices and also on Google glasses, one of the most successful items at the Frankfurt book fair. In this way, we could also win younger readers in Germany to read this Chinese classic.

I have done so similarly with Mian Mian's novel Panda Sex, I visited her in Shanghai and she showed me all the places who appear in the novel. What I found out there was, that the novel was actually a recording of her life. Similarly, I met Wang Meng on December 2, 1992 and several times later in Germany and at Harvard University. On May 25, 2009, I spoke with Han Han on the phone, I read his blogs, watched his films and TV series, when I translated three of his novels. I also introduced Han Han's interview to the German readers in the most important German newspaper. On September 12, 2009, I met Mo Yan in Frankfurt three years before he was awarded the Nobel Prize. I published an interview with him and introduced him more to German readers. All of these and was a small mosaic part of his promotion to be awarded the prize. I met Yu Hua in Beijing and was impressed, that this great author treated his translators without any airs and graces, but as equals.

===1 Besuchen Sie die lokale Umgebung, bevor Sie einen Roman übersetzen, der besonders lokalisiert ist?===

Obwohl es auch gute Übersetzungen von Übersetzern gibt, die die Originalschauplätze nicht besucht haben, halte ich es für sehr wichtig, dass der Übersetzer tief in die sozialgeschichtliche Situation des Originals eintaucht. Ich traf Jia Pingwa in Xi'an und er zeigte mir sein Haus voller regionaler Artefakte wie Holzmasken und erklärte mir die regionalen kulturellen Wurzeln dieser Artefakte. Ich habe auch von vielen chinesischen Kollegen, die sich mit ausländischen Autoren beschäftigen, gehört, dass sie die Orte ihrer Werke und ihre Gräber besuchen, um einen Eindruck von der Atmosphäre zu bekommen. Viele Schauspieler tauchen in das Leben der historischen Figuren ein, die sie spielen.

Ich persönlich habe so viel Zeit wie möglich auf den Spuren von Cao Xueqin verbracht, seit ich Student an der Universität Peking war. Sehr hilfreich war dabei das Red Chamber Research Institute (中国艺术研究院红楼梦研究所), wo ich das Hongloumeng-Wörterbuch 《红楼梦大辞典》 geschenkt bekam, die Cao Xueqin-Gedenkstätte (曹雪芹纪念馆) am Fuße des Xiangshan, Ich habe das rekonstruierte Daguanyuan (北京大观园) und das Gugong (故宫) besichtigt, einige der im Roman vorgestellten Gerichte gegessen und einige Zeit in Nanking verbracht. Das meiste habe ich aus der vielfältigen Forschungsliteratur in China und im Ausland gelernt und aus der Teilnahme an Redology-Konferenzen in China, wo die neuesten Forschungsergebnisse von Kollegen vorgestellt wurden. Ich habe mehr darüber gelesen, wie das Leben zu Zeiten von Kangxi, Yongzheng und Qianlong aussah und über die Mandschu-Kultur, das Bannersystem. Die Hauptaufgabe besteht jedoch darin, die Leser an die Hand zu nehmen und nach China zu entführen, 250 Jahre zurück in die Vergangenheit, und das pulsierende Leben von damals wieder lebendig werden zu lassen. Um den Roman in die heutige Welt zu bringen, habe ich auch an einem Projekt teilgenommen, bei dem der Roman in Form eines D-Books neu aufgelegt wurde, einem Buch im Taschenformat, das den Text des Romans mit Liedern und Videoclips ergänzt und mit QR-Codes versehen ist, die auf Smart-Devices und auch auf Google-Brillen sichtbar sind, einem der erfolgreichsten Artikel auf der Frankfurter Buchmesse. Auf diese Weise konnten wir auch jüngere Leser in Deutschland für diesen chinesischen Klassiker gewinnen.

Ähnlich habe ich es mit Mian Mians Roman Panda Sex gemacht, ich habe sie in Shanghai besucht und sie hat mir alle Orte gezeigt, die in dem Roman vorkommen. Dabei habe ich herausgefunden, dass der Roman eigentlich eine Aufzeichnung ihres Lebens ist. In ähnlicher Weise traf ich Wang Meng am 2. Dezember 1992 und später mehrmals in Deutschland und an der Harvard University. Am 25. Mai 2009 habe ich mit Han Han telefoniert, seine Blogs gelesen, seine Filme und Fernsehserien gesehen und drei seiner Romane übersetzt. Außerdem habe ich den deutschen Lesern ein Interview mit Han Han in der wichtigsten deutschen Zeitung vorgestellt. Am 12. September 2009 traf ich Mo Yan in Frankfurt, drei Jahre bevor er den Nobelpreis erhielt. Ich habe ein Interview mit ihm veröffentlicht und ihn den deutschen Lesern näher vorgestellt. All das war ein kleiner Mosaikstein in seiner Werbung für die Verleihung des Preises. Ich habe Yu Hua in Peking getroffen und war beeindruckt, dass dieser große Autor seine Übersetzer ohne Starallüren, sondern auf Augenhöhe behandelt.

==2 能否拿《红楼梦》举例，在翻译中国古代作品的时候，如何尽可能的避免翻译里面带来的文化空白问题？==
===Can you take the example of the Dream of the Red Chamber: How to avoid cultural gaps in the translation of ancient Chinese works?===

There are gaps in time and space. When Jia Baoyu addresses his grandmother, he does not call her "grandma", but "Jia Mu", the same with his father, mother, cousins etc., which are addressed with their absolute, not relative position, like "third master" etc. This is common 250 years ago in China, and it was common 250 years ago in Europe. So it is more a gap in time than in culture. Therefore, if the translator decides to follow a communicative strategy, he may turn it into the direct form "grandma, father, mother" to make the text better understandable (localization). If one values the authenticity of the original and the last manuscript version of the author before publication, one can keep the original indirect addressing, making the text sound more distant and formal (foreignization) to today's readers.

The language in the Red Chamber Dreams is more indirect, sexuality is mostly described with "the play of clouds and rain". Minford has solved that problem by describing two scenes in more detail than they are described in the original.

Even the plants described in the novel are not so common in Europe. In Europe, the trees who keep their needle like green leaves even during the winter, are "conifers", with the "pine" as the most common sort. In China, the "Platycladus Orientalis", is seen most often. Both trees belong to the "coniferous" trees, the most obvious difference is that the leaves are thin almost like needles in Europe, but larger in China. However, when translating the conifer (柏) with "Platycladus Orientalis", European readers will always think of an exotic environment. This translation strategy is called "foreignization". In the original, mentioning the "conifer" was mainly to create an impression of ever green trees common in Qing China. Therefore, it is considerable to translate "柏", "柏树", "松柏树" with "conifer", a strategy called "localization". This makes sure that the European reader is not mislead and does not pay attention to unwanted details, but can follow the story line.

However, the "localization" of the law enforcement troops in the novel, who confiscate the Jia's families fortune and capture family members, fulfill functions like todays police in the West. However, to translate the law enforcement troops with "police" may astonish the readers at that place in the story, because it sounds modern. Therefore, the more foreignizing, even exoticizing term "gold jackets" may appear more appropriate. These kinds of choices have constantly to be made in the translation process and everybody may have a different opinion, what choices are the most appropriate, however, nobody frees the translator from the burden to make the choices. Important is, that a translator should never stick to his first choice for all of the different revised editions during his or her lifetime. A translator should always be open to suggestions from colleagues, Redology experts and readers. Therefore, to translate a word in one way may be a good choice in the 2000's and to translate it differently may be a good choice in the 2020's. It also depends on the targeted readers and what impression one wants to leave on them. If the targeted readers are Redologists, one can stick more to the original and give less explanations (foreignization), if the targeted readers are the masses, one may be freer and bring the text closer to the readers (localization).

===Können Sie das Beispiel des Traums von der Roten Kammer nehmen: Wie lassen sich kulturelle Lücken bei der Übersetzung alter chinesischer Werke vermeiden?===

Es gibt Lücken in Zeit und Raum. Wenn Jia Baoyu seine Großmutter anspricht, nennt er sie nicht "Großmutter", sondern "Jia Mu", dasselbe gilt für seinen Vater, seine Mutter, seine Cousins usw., die mit ihrer absoluten, nicht relativen Position angesprochen werden, wie "dritter Meister" usw. Dies war vor 250 Jahren in China üblich, und es war auch vor 250 Jahren in Europa üblich. Es handelt sich also eher um eine zeitliche als um eine kulturelle Lücke. Wenn sich der Übersetzer also für eine kommunikative Strategie entscheidet, kann er es in die direkte Form "Oma, Vater, Mutter" umwandeln, um den Text besser verständlich zu machen (Lokalisierung). Legt man Wert auf die Authentizität des Originals und der letzten Manuskriptversion des Autors vor der Veröffentlichung, kann man die ursprüngliche indirekte Anrede beibehalten, wodurch der Text für heutige Leser distanzierter und förmlicher klingt (Verfremdung).

Die Sprache in den Red Chamber Dreams ist indirekter, Sexualität wird meist mit dem "Spiel von Wolken und Regen" beschrieben. Minford hat dieses Problem gelöst, indem er zwei Szenen ausführlicher als im Original beschrieben hat.

Auch die im Roman beschriebenen Pflanzen sind in Europa nicht so verbreitet. In Europa sind die Bäume, die ihre nadelartigen grünen Blätter auch im Winter behalten, "Nadelbäume", wobei die "Kiefer" die häufigste Art ist. In China ist der "Platycladus Orientalis" am häufigsten anzutreffen. Beide Bäume gehören zu den "Nadelbäumen", der offensichtlichste Unterschied ist, dass die Blätter in Europa dünn, fast wie Nadeln sind, in China jedoch größer. Bei der Übersetzung des Nadelbaums (柏) mit "Platycladus Orientalis" werden europäische Leser jedoch immer an eine exotische Umgebung denken. Diese Übersetzungsstrategie wird als "Verfremdung" bezeichnet. Im Original diente die Erwähnung der "Konifere" hauptsächlich dazu, den Eindruck von immergrünen Bäumen zu erwecken, die im China der Qing-Zeit üblich waren. Daher ist es sinnvoll, "柏", "柏树", "松柏树" mit "Nadelbaum" zu übersetzen, eine Strategie, die "Lokalisierung" genannt wird. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, dass der europäische Leser nicht in die Irre geführt wird und nicht auf unerwünschte Details achtet, sondern der Handlung folgen kann.

Die "Lokalisierung" der Ordnungskräfte im Roman, die das Vermögen der Familie Jia konfiszieren und Familienmitglieder gefangen nehmen, erfüllt jedoch die Funktionen der heutigen Polizei im Westen. Die Gesetzeshüter mit "Polizei" zu übersetzen, könnte jedoch die Leser an dieser Stelle der Geschichte verwundern, weil es modern klingt. Daher erscheint der eher verfremdende, ja exotisierende Begriff "Goldjacken" vielleicht angemessener. Solche Entscheidungen müssen im Übersetzungsprozess immer wieder getroffen werden, und jeder mag eine andere Meinung darüber haben, welche Wahl die geeignetste ist, aber niemand entbindet den Übersetzer von der Pflicht, diese Entscheidungen zu treffen. Wichtig ist, dass ein Übersetzer nie bei seiner ersten Wahl für alle verschiedenen überarbeiteten Ausgaben seines Lebens bleiben sollte. Ein Übersetzer sollte immer offen für Vorschläge von Kollegen, Redologieexperten und Lesern sein. Daher kann es in den 2000er Jahren eine gute Wahl sein, ein Wort auf eine bestimmte Weise zu übersetzen, und in den 2020er Jahren kann es eine gute Wahl sein, es anders zu übersetzen. Es hängt auch davon ab, an welche Leser man sich wendet und welchen Eindruck man bei ihnen hinterlassen möchte. Handelt es sich bei der Zielgruppe um Redologen, kann man sich mehr an das Original halten und weniger Erklärungen geben (Fremdsprachigkeit), handelt es sich bei der Zielgruppe um die breite Masse, kann man freier sein und den Text den Lesern näher bringen (Lokalisierung).

==3 在翻译中遇到的最麻烦的翻译问题会是哪一类？是由于什么方面的文化差异造成的呢？==
Culture-loaded words 文化负载词
饮食、服装、迷信相关的词句

中西文化各方面的差异
===3 What are the most troublesome translation problems encountered in translation? What are the cultural differences that cause them===

Like escimos, who have several terms to describe "snow", there are some terms in Chinese who have more terms in Western languages so that the translator needs to decide. One of the more difficult tasks was that the term "姑娘", which is used not only by masters addressing their offspring, but also addressing their servants and even by the servants addressing female masters, like Lin Daiyu (e.g. chapter 82). So it needs to be translated into "Master", "daughter", "Miss" depending on who is using it to address whom. Sometimes one term in Chinese describes several different things in Western languages, so you have to decide as translators.
Most troublesome is background knowledge of Chinese readers, especially with parts of Chinese characters referred to, motifs in poems, which refer back to a whole cosmos of earlier poems and stories they evoke in the Chinese readers minds. When Lin Daiyu quotes verses from the "West Chamber", Jia Baoyu immediately knows that she is in love with him. These subtle things need to be expressed between the lines, without that the Western readers know the "Romance of the Western Chamber".

Here are some examples, where further explanations in the text or annotations are helpful: In chapter 92, Baoyu mentions several historical female figures familiar to the Chinese reader, but not to the Western: "[...]班婕妤、蔡文姬、谢道韫诸人。" This became a very long translation in German: "die belesene Konkubine des Herrschers Tscheng-di von Han Ban Djie-yü und die zwei Dichterinnen Tsai Wën-dji und Hsie Dau-yün".

Troublesome are also culture-loaded words, like when names for Chinese clothing, Chinese dishes and customs are mentioned. Some of these terms are not totally clear even for Chinese readers. In these cases, the translation needs to give more explanations in order to keep the focus of the reader on the story and not to distract them with things, which were not intended to distract the original readers. Also superstitious beliefs (迷信) are mentioned at several places in the novel. Sometimes we have "false friends", e.g. when a witch is sticking needles into puppets. This is familiar to us with the witches tradition and the Woodoo cult. However, we can not simply use the familiar Western terms for it, because these cultural parallels have their local genuine traditions and may have developed independently from another or there have been some kind of cultural exchanges. In any case it is important to make differences clear and not to make the reader mix up things. Also that Jia Zheng in chapter 120 is not recognizing his son Jia Baoyu, who is somehow leaving the earthly world, is parallel to stories familiar to Western readers from the bible. However, even these paralells earn an appropriate translation in their local tradition and context to raise awareness for cultural traditions.

At one time, the clothes of the Prince of Beijing are referred to as wearing the 江牙海水五爪龙 pattern. Without explanations, Western readers may not know that the expression is colloquial for the pattern 海水江崖纹, which displays five claw dragons above troubled river water, and that this pattern was reserved for the emperor or the imperial family. Therefore mentioning this pattern detail of his clothes supports the high position and authority of the Prince of Beijing. A lot of clothes are described and many of them mix Manchu and Han culture, even Western materials and influences can be found. Many of the cultural items described in the novel are not genuinely Chinese, but found their present appearance through mixing and mingling. Cao Xueqin plays with the different cultures and even reduces hints to set his novel in Qing Dynasty. This is not only a way to create a timeless novel of eternal value, it shows the intercultural attitude and tolerancce of Cao Xueqin. Also within the Chinese culture, he was engaged to help the poor and the weak. This is a Chinese value, but it is also a common international value of human civilization throughout cultures.

===3 Was sind die lästigsten Probleme bei der Übersetzung? Was sind die kulturellen Unterschiede, die sie verursachen===

Wie bei den Eskimos, für die es mehrere Begriffe zur Beschreibung von "Schnee" gibt, gibt es im Chinesischen einige Begriffe, für die es in westlichen Sprachen mehrere Begriffe gibt, so dass der Übersetzer eine Entscheidung treffen muss. Eine der schwierigeren Aufgaben war der Begriff "姑娘", der nicht nur von Herren verwendet wird, die ihre Nachkommen ansprechen, sondern auch von ihren Dienern und sogar von den Dienern, die weibliche Herren ansprechen, wie Lin Daiyu (z. B. Kapitel 82). Es muss also mit "Meister", "Tochter" oder "Fräulein" übersetzt werden, je nachdem, wer wen damit anspricht. Manchmal beschreibt ein Begriff im Chinesischen mehrere verschiedene Dinge in westlichen Sprachen, so dass Sie als Übersetzer entscheiden müssen.
Am problematischsten ist das Hintergrundwissen der chinesischen Leser, vor allem, wenn auf Teile chinesischer Schriftzeichen Bezug genommen wird, auf Motive in Gedichten, die auf einen ganzen Kosmos früherer Gedichte und Geschichten verweisen, die sie in den Köpfen der chinesischen Leser hervorrufen. Wenn Lin Daiyu Verse aus der "Westkammer" zitiert, weiß Jia Baoyu sofort, dass sie in ihn verliebt ist. Diese subtilen Dinge müssen zwischen den Zeilen ausgedrückt werden, ohne dass die westlichen Leser die "Romanze der Westlichen Kammer" kennen.

Hier sind einige Beispiele, bei denen weitere Erklärungen im Text oder Anmerkungen hilfreich sind: In Kapitel 92 erwähnt Baoyu mehrere historische Frauenfiguren, die dem chinesischen Leser bekannt sind, dem westlichen aber nicht: "[...]班婕妤、蔡文姬、谢道韫诸人。" Daraus wurde eine sehr lange Übersetzung ins Deutsche: "die belesene Konkubine des Herrschers Tscheng-di von Han Ban Djie-yü und die zwei Dichterinnen Tsai Wën-dji und Hsie Dau-yün".

Problematisch sind auch kulturell aufgeladene Wörter, etwa wenn Namen für chinesische Kleidung, chinesische Gerichte und Bräuche genannt werden. Einige dieser Begriffe sind selbst für chinesische Leser nicht ganz klar. In diesen Fällen muss die Übersetzung mehr Erklärungen geben, um den Fokus des Lesers auf der Geschichte zu halten und ihn nicht mit Dingen abzulenken, die den ursprünglichen Leser nicht ablenken sollten. Auch abergläubischer Glaube (迷信) wird an mehreren Stellen des Romans erwähnt. Manchmal haben wir "falsche Freunde", z. B. wenn eine Hexe Nadeln in Puppen sticht. Das ist uns aus der Hexentradition und dem Woodoo-Kult vertraut. Wir können jedoch nicht einfach die vertrauten westlichen Begriffe dafür verwenden, denn diese kulturellen Parallelen haben ihre eigenen authentischen Traditionen und können sich unabhängig voneinander entwickelt haben oder es gab eine Art kulturellen Austausch. In jedem Fall ist es wichtig, die Unterschiede deutlich zu machen und den Leser nicht zu verwechseln. Auch dass Jia Zheng in Kapitel 120 seinen Sohn Jia Baoyu nicht erkennt, der irgendwie die irdische Welt verlässt, ist eine Parallele zu Geschichten, die dem westlichen Leser aus der Bibel bekannt sind. Aber auch diese Parallelen verdienen eine angemessene Übersetzung in ihrer lokalen Tradition und ihrem Kontext, um das Bewusstsein für kulturelle Traditionen zu schärfen.

So wird die Kleidung des Prinzen von Peking einmal als 江牙海水五爪龙-Muster bezeichnet. Ohne Erklärungen wissen westliche Leser vielleicht nicht, dass der Ausdruck umgangssprachlich für das Muster 海水江崖纹 steht, das fünf Krallendrachen über unruhigem Flusswasser zeigt, und dass dieses Muster dem Kaiser oder der kaiserlichen Familie vorbehalten war. Die Erwähnung dieses Musters an seiner Kleidung unterstreicht daher die hohe Stellung und Autorität des Prinzen von Peking. Es wird eine Vielzahl von Kleidungsstücken beschrieben, und viele von ihnen sind eine Mischung aus Mandschu- und Han-Kultur, sogar westliche Materialien und Einflüsse sind zu finden. Viele der im Roman beschriebenen Kulturgüter sind keine echten Chinesen, sondern haben ihr heutiges Aussehen durch Vermischung und Vermengung erhalten. Cao Xueqin spielt mit den verschiedenen Kulturen und macht sogar Andeutungen, dass sein Roman in der Qing-Dynastie spielt. Dies ist nicht nur eine Möglichkeit, einen zeitlosen Roman von ewigem Wert zu schaffen, sondern zeigt auch die interkulturelle Einstellung und Toleranz von Cao Xueqin. Auch innerhalb der chinesischen Kultur engagierte er sich für die Armen und Schwachen. Dies ist ein chinesischer Wert, aber auch ein gemeinsamer internationaler Wert der menschlichen Zivilisation in allen Kulturen.

==4 为什么会关注中国的近现代文学？ ==
===4 Why do you care about modern Chinese literature?===

In my view, the best Chinese literature ever written was Tang poetry (shi). Among prose literature, I like novels like the ''Red Chamber Dreams'' most. It is especially astonishing how modern this genre was 250 years ago. The 2nd best Chinese literature was Republican literature by Lu Xun and others in the 1920s. They not only mastered the difficult task to establish baihuawen as the new written form, but were totally free, learned from both traditional Chinese and Western literature, and wrote the best literature globally at that time. Lu Xun used similar experiments in his literature like Madman's diary, the true story of A Q etc., namely to put a fictional element into a realist setting, like Kafka with the "Metamorphosis". This peak of Chinese literature is unreached until today.

This is why I am more interested in premodern and modern Chinese literature than in the contemporary one. However, even though Chinese literature has lost quality when it took the path of the so-called "engaged literature" in 1927, putting political contents over literary quality, there are still extremely few but notable works of contemporary literature. These are worth to be translated. And I still hope that there will be more high quality literature in the future, which of course needs to learn from foreign literature (like Mo Yan learned from other Nobel Prize works) and which authors need to be able to speak several languages and travel the world. I am sure that in a future China, authors will be able to write freer again and therefore return to the top quality of literature produced in Tang Dynasty and in the 1920s.

Modern literature in China created simply some of the best works of literature in the world. Of course the quality deteriorated, when literature took the path of engaged literature in 1927. But before that was a time of experiments, iconoclasm, Zero-point-literature (the Chinese May Fourth literature has parallels to the German literature after World War II), and Breakup.

===4 Warum interessieren Sie sich für moderne chinesische Literatur?===

Die beste chinesische Literatur, die je geschrieben wurde, ist meiner Meinung nach die Tang-Dichtung (shi). Von der Prosa-Literatur mag ich Romane wie die ''Träume der Roten Kammer'' am liebsten. Es ist besonders erstaunlich, wie modern dieses Genre vor 250 Jahren war. Die zweitbeste chinesische Literatur war die republikanische Literatur von Lu Xun und anderen in den 1920er Jahren. Sie meisterten nicht nur die schwierige Aufgabe, das Baihuawen als neue Schriftform zu etablieren, sondern waren auch völlig frei, lernten sowohl von der traditionellen chinesischen als auch von der westlichen Literatur und schrieben die beste Literatur der Welt zu dieser Zeit. Lu Xun wandte in seiner Literatur ähnliche Experimente an, wie z. B. das Tagebuch des Verrückten, die wahre Geschichte von A Q usw., nämlich ein fiktionales Element in ein realistisches Umfeld zu setzen, wie Kafka in der "Metamorphose". Dieser Gipfel der chinesischen Literatur ist bis heute unerreicht.

Aus diesem Grund interessiere ich mich mehr für die vormoderne und moderne chinesische Literatur als für die zeitgenössische. Doch auch wenn die chinesische Literatur an Qualität verloren hat, als sie 1927 den Weg der so genannten "engagierten Literatur" einschlug und politische Inhalte über literarische Qualität stellte, gibt es doch noch sehr wenige, aber bemerkenswerte Werke der zeitgenössischen Literatur. Diese sind es wert, übersetzt zu werden. Und ich hoffe immer noch, dass es in Zukunft mehr hochwertige Literatur geben wird, die natürlich von ausländischer Literatur lernen muss (wie Mo Yan von anderen Nobelpreiswerken) und deren Autoren mehrere Sprachen sprechen und die Welt bereisen müssen. Ich bin sicher, dass in einem zukünftigen China die Autoren wieder freier schreiben können und somit zu der Spitzenqualität der Literatur aus der Tang-Dynastie und den 1920er Jahren zurückkehren werden.

Die moderne Literatur in China hat einfach einige der besten Literaturwerke der Welt hervorgebracht. Natürlich verschlechterte sich die Qualität, als die Literatur 1927 den Weg der engagierten Literatur einschlug. Aber davor gab es eine Zeit der Experimente, des Bildersturms, der Nullpunkt-Literatur (4. Mai ähnlich wie die deutsche Literatur nach dem 2. Weltkrieg), des Aufbruchs etc.

==5 如果讲广受欢迎的中国近代文学是一部中国近代史的话，你认为中国当代文学作品有什么特点？==
===5 If the popular modern Chinese literature is a history of modern China, what do you think are the characteristics of contemporary Chinese literature?===

In the meantime, master narrators tell us certain decades of Chinese history, Lao She's Tea House, Ba Jin's Family, Qian Zhongshu's Weicheng, Mao Dun's Ziye, Mo Yan's Life and Death are wearing me out, and in newer times Xu Zechen describes life in Haidian since the 1980's, Zhang Jie's Heavy Wings and Yu Hua's "Brothers" explain both sides of the medal of the Reform and Opening Policy.

Contemporary literature is documenting and presenting contemporay Chinese society. We lack the distance of time to evaluate what works of contemporary literature will be regarded as representative for today. Mandarin duck and butterfly literature (鸳鸯蝴蝶派) was the mainstream literature of the 1920s, but today we remember the rebellious baihua literature as being representative of that time.

So the literature appears more diverse today. However, reality itself appears also more diverse today, with people living next door without knowing each other, with people living in filter bubbles and losing the ability to judge what is real and what is fake, to listen, to discuss and to revise their own opinions.

Contemporary Chinese literature produces heros, we need more tragic heros. It follows the paths of affirmative, system stabilizing narratives. It misses alternative narratives, the voice of authoritative critical authors like Guenther Grass in Germany, which also in China was the original role of authors for millenia, but these authors are silent in today's China or have emigrated. According to statistics, Chinese are the most intelligent ethnicity in the world. So they should be generous enough to allow different voices according to the Chinese tradition of "harmonic but of a different opinion" (和而不同).

===5 Wenn die populäre moderne chinesische Literatur eine Geschichte des modernen China ist, was sind dann Ihrer Meinung nach die Merkmale der zeitgenössischen chinesischen Literatur?===

Inzwischen erzählen uns Meistererzähler bestimmte Jahrzehnte der chinesischen Geschichte, Lao She's Tea House, Ba Jin's Family, Qian Zhongshu's Weicheng, Mao Dun's Ziye, Mo Yan's Life and Death are wearing me out, und in neuerer Zeit beschreibt Xu Zechen das Leben in Haidian seit den 1980er Jahren, Zhang Jie's Heavy Wings und Yu Hua's "Brothers" erklären beide Seiten der Medaille der Reform- und Öffnungspolitik.

Die zeitgenössische Literatur dokumentiert und präsentiert die chinesische Gesellschaft der Gegenwart. Uns fehlt der zeitliche Abstand, um zu beurteilen, welche Werke der Gegenwartsliteratur als repräsentativ für die heutige Zeit angesehen werden können. Die mandarinfarbene Enten- und Schmetterlingsliteratur (鸳鸯蝴蝶派) war die tiefe L-Literatur der 1920er Jahre, aber heute erinnern wir uns an die rebellische Baihua-Literatur als repräsentativ für diese Zeit.

So erscheint die Literatur heute vielfältiger. Aber auch die Realität selbst erscheint heute vielfältiger, mit Menschen, die nebeneinander wohnen, ohne sich zu kennen, mit Menschen, die in Filterblasen leben und die Fähigkeit verloren haben, zu beurteilen, was echt und was unecht ist, zuzuhören, zu diskutieren und ihre eigene Meinung zu revidieren.

Die zeitgenössische chinesische Literatur bringt Helden hervor, wir brauchen mehr tragische Helden. Sie folgt den Pfaden der affirmativen, systemstabilisierenden Erzählungen. Sie lässt alternative Erzählungen vermissen, die Stimme maßgeblicher kritischer Autoren wie Günther Grass in Deutschland, was auch in China seit Jahrtausenden die ursprüngliche Rolle von Autoren war, aber diese Autoren schweigen im heutigen China oder sind emigriert. Laut Statistik sind die Chinesen die intelligenteste Ethnie der Welt. Sie sollten also großzügig genug sein, andere Stimmen zuzulassen, gemäß der chinesischen Tradition der "harmonischen, aber anderen Meinung" (和而不同).

===Notes===
（一）现代文学与传统文学的冲突与承传
中国现代文学是在五四时期新的历史条件下产生的，它体现出全新的现代社会、现代人生的精神风貌和崭新的文学表述方式，但它也是几千年中国传统文学发展演进的必然结果。中国现代文学的出现即体现了现代新文学、新文化与传统旧文学、旧文化的根本冲突和根本转折。同时，中国现代文学与它几千年的文学母体也有着难以分割的联系。对传统的反叛往往是创造与更新的重要手段，而对传统精神的批判继承则是继往开来的重要规律。
（二）中外文学的相互交融
五四时期外国文学在中国的译介、传播和影响，对中国现代文学的诞生和发展起到了积极作用，有一些新文学的作家作品甚至是在外国文学的直接影响下出现的。中国现代文学充分吸收了外来各国文学与文化的发展因素。整个中国新文学的形成与世界文学大潮的冲击有着密切关联。
（三）伴随始终的使命感和责任感
时代历史所赋予中国现代文学的特殊使命，使之出现了一大批世纪性的大家与名作，并在整体上形成了自己特有的风格。中国现代文学虽然仅有短短三十年的创作历程，但大家纷涌，名作四起，还出现了一批个性鲜明、风格独特的创作流派。中国现代文学在整体上形成了自己的根本特质：这就是责任感、使命感以及对艺术境界的不懈追寻。这种特质使中国现代文学在思想和艺术上都达到了很高的水准。

==6 当代作品没有像过去那样吸引到海外观众，在您看来原因是什么呢？它们是否和中国的古典文学有差距？==
===6 In your opinion, what are the reasons why contemporary works do not attract overseas audiences as much as they did in the past? Is there a gap between them and the classical Chinese literature?===

The main difference between contemporary and modern Chinese authors is, that the contemporary ones do not read foreign literature on a daily basis, also because they don't know foreign languages any more. Mo Yan, who won the Nobel Prize, has done so, although he read other works which have won the Nobel Prize of literature in Chinese translation.

The main difference between classical authors and contemporary authors is, that contemporary authors are not trained all their life in letters. They do not work hard for several years to pass the Keju. Instead, they are silenced by the banalities of the everyday, they think about buying a flat etc. And of course they cannot be such free thinkers as their counterparts in ancient times, because they live in an extremely regulated, maybe even overregulated and short-living society. They also have less common ground, because the filter bubbles of different countries differ and even the filter bubbles within China.

The best of ancient Chinese literature, especially Tang poetry, is of timeless value, their authors have earned a place in eternity. The artistic transformation process was extremely long in ancient times, today authors may record their half-cooked thoughts by voice recorder and publish them online before they have finished their stumblings.

===6 Was sind Ihrer Meinung nach die Gründe dafür, dass zeitgenössische Werke das Publikum im Ausland nicht mehr so sehr anziehen wie früher? Gibt es eine Kluft zwischen ihnen und der klassischen chinesischen Literatur?===

Der Hauptunterschied zwischen zeitgenössischen und modernen chinesischen Autoren besteht darin, dass die zeitgenössischen Autoren nicht täglich ausländische Literatur lesen, auch weil sie keine Fremdsprachen mehr beherrschen. Mo Yan, der den Nobelpreis erhalten hat, hat dies getan, obwohl er andere Werke, die den Nobelpreis für Literatur erhalten haben, in chinesischer Übersetzung gelesen hat.

Der Hauptunterschied zwischen klassischen Autoren und zeitgenössischen Autoren besteht darin, dass zeitgenössische Autoren nicht ihr ganzes Leben lang für das Schreiben ausgebildet werden. Sie arbeiten nicht mehrere Jahre lang hart, um das Keju zu bestehen. Stattdessen werden sie von den Banalitäten des Alltags zum Schweigen gebracht, sie denken über den Kauf einer Wohnung nach usw. Und natürlich können sie nicht so frei denken wie ihre Pendants in der Antike, denn sie leben in einer extrem regulierten, vielleicht sogar überregulierten und kurzlebigen Gesellschaft. Sie haben auch weniger Gemeinsamkeiten, weil die Filterblasen der verschiedenen Länder und sogar die Filterblasen innerhalb Chinas unterschiedlich sind.

Das Beste der alten chinesischen Literatur, insbesondere die Tang-Dichtung, ist von zeitlosem Wert, ihre Autoren haben sich einen Platz in der Ewigkeit verdient. Der künstlerische Transformationsprozess war in der Antike extrem langwierig, heute können Autoren ihre halbgaren Gedanken mit einem Diktiergerät aufzeichnen und sie online veröffentlichen, bevor sie ihre Gedankengänge beendet haben.

==7 除去鲁迅、余秋雨等人的知名作品，你在挑选近现代翻译作品的时候有什么标准吗？==
===Apart from the well-known works of Lu Xun and Yu Qiuyu, do you have any criteria for selecting modern works for translation?===

The most important reason to me is, if a story grabs me, and may also grab the readers of my target culture. Let me explain this with the following examples:

To see Cheng Tiansong grow up in the bank business and finally reading of his heroic and creative symbolic protest against foreign tea traders, when he dumped tea leafs into the Huangpu river is simply a joy to read in Ji Yu's ''Die Clans von Xin'an''.

In Han Shaogong's collection of short stories ''Fading moon over the abandoned courtyard'', we read through the eyes of different people. Impressive is the perspective of a person reading water meters in a house and explaining that in flat no. 5 a grandmother lived with her child and both died one after the other. Starting from the gap in the list of meter figures, the narrator explains that the flat is not rented out again because people fear the ghosts of the two women. The narrator describes, how he remembers the steps of the girl when she came home every night and writes: "Since these steps disappeared, I looked out of the window into the quiet night to the moon. It was as if something was missing in the night." Descriptions like this last in the mind of the readers.

Sometimes a story also touches me because it describes scenes familiar to me. The life of students and young graduates on and around the campus of Peking University described by Xu Zechen in ''Ah Beijing!'' matches my memories. The cohabiting of young people, the complex relations, work as cook and being a rebel poet, all of these seemingly weird constellations create a lively portray of Peking University campus. Therefore even readers who have never been there can feel the atmosphere there.

Zhang Wei is a master of dense atmosphere and magic-realistic description of nature. In his story ''Sea wind'', published in the collection of short stories of the same title, the reader only from sudden appearance of certain characters (thin children with large stomachs etc.) realizes, that the country must be in a famine and that the protagonists of the story, who are experts in getting fish out of the sea and creating delicious fish soup, actually are the salvation for the people living further inland, who finally also come to the shore and are saved.

==8 像你提到，一部翻译作品的“异域感”是吸引外国读者阅读的原因之一，除此之外还有别的原因吗？（比如一部小说的历史性背景是否也是原因之一？） ==
===8 As you mentioned, the "exoticism" of a translated work is one of the reasons that attracts foreign readers to read it. Which other reasons are there? (For example, is the historical context of a novel also a reason?)===

Curiosity is a common characteristic of readers all around the world. To discover something new or in greater density, for example to dive into a different place and different time, is attractive. Places and times, which bear mystery, are attractive because of their exoticism. Places and times you adore are also attractive. These can be historical turning points or simply a country you like. China still has a long way to win the hearts of people around the world, but it will be successful the freer and the cleaner it becomes. China may revive their ancient virtues like to base things on merits, to consider criticism as constructive, to admit if one was wrong in ones history, to help the poor, the disadvantaged and the minorities, to put ones own language, culture and nation last, and to be humble. But when it will be successful, then there actually may come a new time of "Chinoiserie", where people in the world simply want to read more Chinese literature, because everything which is Chinese is considered "fancy".

===8 Wie Sie erwähnten, ist die "Exotik" eines übersetzten Werks einer der Gründe, die ausländische Leser zum Lesen anregen. Welche anderen Gründe gibt es noch? (Ist zum Beispiel der historische Kontext eines Romans auch ein Grund?)===

Neugier ist eine gemeinsame Eigenschaft von Lesern auf der ganzen Welt. Etwas Neues oder in größerer Dichte zu entdecken, zum Beispiel in einen anderen Ort und eine andere Zeit einzutauchen, ist attraktiv. Orte und Zeiten, die ein Geheimnis in sich tragen, sind wegen ihrer Exotik attraktiv. Attraktiv sind auch Orte und Zeiten, die Sie verehren. Das können historische Wendepunkte sein oder einfach ein Land, das man mag. China hat noch einen langen Weg vor sich, um die Herzen der Menschen auf der ganzen Welt zu gewinnen, aber es wird erfolgreich sein, je freier und sauberer es wird. China kann seine alten Tugenden wieder aufleben lassen, wie z. B. die Dinge auf Verdiensten aufzubauen, Kritik als konstruktiv zu betrachten, zuzugeben, wenn man sich in seiner Geschichte geirrt hat, den Armen, den Benachteiligten und den Minderheiten zu helfen, die eigene Sprache, Kultur und Nation an die letzte Stelle zu setzen und bescheiden zu sein. Aber wenn das gelingt, dann kann es tatsächlich zu einer neuen Zeit der "Chinoiserie" kommen, in der die Menschen in der Welt einfach mehr chinesische Literatur lesen wollen, weil alles, was chinesisch ist, als "schick" gilt.

本身作品的故事情节以及所营造的脱离现实生活中的世界，就会吸引一部分的读者，比如《哈利波特》这一系列的书籍因为故事中的所营造的霍格沃滋学院是以及作者所塑造的世界都与现实生活完全不一致，但却又十分有趣，因此这异常符合部分读者的阅读兴趣。
另一原因则是出于读者对作者写作风格的喜爱，因而会阅读同一个作者的所有不同作品。

==9 在做了这么多年的对比研究后，你认为中西方文学的关注点差异和共通点都有哪些？==
===9 After so many years of comparative research, what do you think are the differences and commonalities between the concerns of Chinese and Western literature?===

The main difference is that Western literature is almost not restricted. Therefore Chinese Writers have a less fortunate starting point. Therefore it is even more remarkable if they produce a few pieces at the level of world literature.

Another main difference is that in Western literature, originality and creativity is appreciated more than rafinesse in expression.

If in Western literature governments or politics are mentioned, they are mostly mentioned in a negative way or criticized. In Chinese literature, the only criticism of governments you find is the one of foreign governments. This makes is sometimes impossible for a Western reader to continue reading, because the constant praise, especially in the category of propaganda literature, scares readers off.

Literature first of all is a way of human communication which bridges time, space and minds. The nation becomes less and less important as a category of literature. Today we have Chinese writers who write in Chinese in America or in English. We have 100 million people worldwide who learn Chinese and who may read the one or other piece of Chinese literature in its original language.

===9 Nach so vielen Jahren vergleichender Forschung, was sind Ihrer Meinung nach die Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten zwischen den Anliegen der chinesischen und der westlichen Literatur?===

Der Hauptunterschied besteht darin, dass die westliche Literatur fast keine Beschränkungen kennt. Daher haben chinesische Schriftsteller eine weniger glückliche Ausgangsposition. Umso bemerkenswerter ist es, wenn sie ein paar Werke auf dem Niveau der Weltliteratur hervorbringen.

Ein weiterer Hauptunterschied besteht darin, dass in der westlichen Literatur Originalität und Kreativität mehr geschätzt werden als Raffinesse im Ausdruck.

Wenn in der westlichen Literatur Regierungen oder Politik erwähnt werden, dann meist in negativer Weise oder in Form von Kritik. In der chinesischen Literatur findet man nur Kritik an Regierungen, und zwar an ausländischen Regierungen. Das macht es einem westlichen Leser manchmal unmöglich, weiterzulesen, denn das ständige Lob, besonders in der Kategorie der Propagandaliteratur, schreckt die Leser ab.

Literatur ist in erster Linie eine Form der menschlichen Kommunikation, die Zeit, Raum und Köpfe überbrückt. Die Nation wird als Kategorie der Literatur immer unwichtiger. Heute gibt es chinesische Schriftsteller, die in Amerika auf Chinesisch oder auf Englisch schreiben. Wir haben weltweit 100 Millionen Menschen, die Chinesisch lernen und das eine oder andere Werk der chinesischen Literatur in der Originalsprache lesen können.

==10 文学是文化交流中很重要的一点，是否可以通过文学翻译打破东西方的认知偏见？==
===10 Literature is an important point of cultural exchange. Is it possible to break down the perceived bias between East and West through literary translation?===

Literature is also an important point of exchange of lives. When you dive deep into a piece of Chinese literature, you even switch lifes with a Chinese protagonist. What is a better way to overcome prejudices than to be a part of another society and culture?

Not everybody has the means and time to travel to understand different cultures. Especially during the pandemic, we can instead watch a documentary or take a book.

In Europe, we have discovered that when there are no borders between countries who have fought each other as enemies in the second world war, that French people are almost totally like Germans etc. If no education tells you that you are different, you start from the common things. From the space, the earth seems one, with no borders. According to statistics, Chinese people are the most intelligent people on earth. From concepts of harmony, datong and the Chinese 56 ethnicities all united in the Chinese citizens, Chinese deeply feel, that Tibetans, Uighurs, people from Hong Kong, Taiwan and even oversea's Chinese in Singapore and the United States all are equal and earn dignity. And in this, they are equal with the ethnicities along the Belt and Road initiative and with all the different ethnicities around the world. Many people in the world expect China to be the new leader of the world. The world's eyes are on China now, how China treats its ethnicities and how it realizes the concepts of "he er bu tong".

I don't think that ordinary people have prejudices from the very beginning. When children grow up, they don't differentiate, classify and stigmatize. You can see that with the gender roles. If you dress a girl as a boy, people will play with her as with a boy, play soccer and give her car toys to play. If you explain to them that it was a girl, they apologize.

===10 Literatur ist ein wichtiger Punkt des kulturellen Austauschs. Ist es möglich, die vermeintliche Kluft zwischen Ost und West durch literarische Übersetzungen zu überwinden?===

Die Literatur ist auch ein wichtiger Punkt für den Austausch von Leben. Wenn man tief in ein Stück chinesischer Literatur eintaucht, tauscht man sogar das Leben mit einem chinesischen Protagonisten. Gibt es einen besseren Weg, Vorurteile zu überwinden, als Teil einer anderen Gesellschaft und Kultur zu sein?

Nicht jeder hat die Mittel und die Zeit zu reisen, um andere Kulturen zu verstehen. Vor allem während der Pandemie können wir uns stattdessen einen Dokumentarfilm ansehen oder ein Buch zur Hand nehmen.

In Europa haben wir festgestellt, dass es keine Grenzen zwischen Ländern gibt, die sich im Zweiten Weltkrieg als Feinde bekämpft haben, dass die Franzosen fast völlig wie Deutsche sind usw. Wenn einem keine Erziehung sagt, dass man anders ist, geht man von den Gemeinsamkeiten aus. Aus dem Weltraum betrachtet, scheint die Erde eins zu sein, ohne Grenzen. Laut Statistik sind die Chinesen die intelligentesten Menschen auf der Erde. Ausgehend von den Konzepten der Harmonie, des Datong und der 56 chinesischen Ethnien, die alle in den chinesischen Bürgern vereint sind, empfinden die Chinesen zutiefst, dass Tibeter, Uiguren, Menschen aus Hongkong, Taiwan und sogar Übersee-Chinesen in Singapur und den Vereinigten Staaten alle gleich sind und Würde verdienen. Und in dieser Hinsicht sind sie gleichberechtigt mit den Ethnien entlang der Gürtel- und Straßeninitiative und mit all den verschiedenen Ethnien auf der ganzen Welt. Viele Menschen in der Welt erwarten, dass China die neue Führungsrolle in der Welt übernimmt. Die Augen der Welt sind jetzt auf China gerichtet, darauf, wie China seine Ethnien behandelt und wie es die Konzepte von "he er bu tong" umsetzt.

Ich glaube nicht, dass die einfachen Menschen von Anfang an Vorurteile haben. Wenn Kinder aufwachsen, differenzieren, klassifizieren und stigmatisieren sie nicht. Das kann man an den Geschlechterrollen sehen. Wenn man ein Mädchen wie einen Jungen kleidet, werden die Leute mit ihr wie mit einem Jungen spielen, Fußball spielen und ihr Autospielzeug zum Spielen geben. Wenn man ihnen erklärt, dass es ein Mädchen war, entschuldigen sie sich.

2022 Interview by Xinhua She

2022-06-18T15:20:07Z

You Tianwei: /* 2. Welche chinesische Kultur haben Sie während Ihrer Forschung erlebt? Was gefällt Ihnen daran am besten? */

Back to [[JM]] overview page.

=Interview=

==1. Warum interessieren Sie sich für die Übersetzung chinesischer Literatur, insbesondere zeitgenössischer chinesischer Literatur? Wie begann die Story? ==
您如何踏上翻译中国文学、特别是中国现当代文学的学术道路？什么样的兴趣促使您持之以恒进行相关研究？

Meinen ersten Kontakt mit chinesischer Kultur hatte ich als Gymnasiast, als ich am Lyriker-Treffen Münster 1987 teilnahm.

我与中国文学的第一次亲密接触还是在我读高中的时候：我参加了在明斯特举办的一场诗歌朗诵会，那是1987年。

Der chinesische Dichter Lü Yuan fesselte mich mit seinen Gedichten, und er berichtete vom Auf und Ab des Lebens in China, mal war er ein gefeierter Nationaldichter, mal ein Feind des Volkes.

绿原的诗深深的吸引了我，他还讲述了在中国跌宕起伏的生平：有时他是一位著名的有代表性的中国诗人，有时他又成为了人民的敌人。

Als die chinesische Delegation unter Leitung von Lü Yuan mein Interesse an China bemerkte, erhielt ich von ihr einen Bambuspinsel und Tuschestein und die Ermutigung, Chinesisch zu lernen und ihm dann auf Chinesisch einen Brief zu schreiben.

绿原和他的口譯注意到我对中国的兴趣，绿原送了我一支毛笔和一个砚台，并且鼓励我学习中文，然后用中文给他写信。

Ich habe Lü Yuan mehrere Briefe geschrieben, aber nie mit dem Pinsel, da ich, als ich Chinesisch anfing zu lernen, auch gelernt habe, dass die chinesische Ehrfurcht es verbietet, sich gegenüber seinem Lehrer damit zu brüsten, man habe "Chinesisch gelernt". Tatsächlich ist das Chinesisch-Lernen ein lebenslanger Prozess.

我给绿原写了几封信，但是从来没有用毛笔写过，当我开始学习中文，我还了解到，中国人的敬畏之心禁止向老师吹嘘自己“学会了中文“。事实上，学习汉语是一辈子的事情。

Nach einem Jahr Chinesisch-Studium an der Ruhr-Universität Bochum fiel mir auf, dass der chinesische Roman "Traum der Roten Kammer" nur zu einem Drittel ins Deutsche übersetzt war (zusammengezogen zu 40 Kapiteln).

在波鸿鲁尔大学学习了一年中文后，我注意到中国古典小说《红楼梦》只有三分之一被翻译成德文（缩写为40个章回）。

So setzte ich mich als junger Student daran, mit Wörterbuch und chinesischen Freunden, den Roman neu zu übersetzen und blieb dafür oft bis spät abends in der Bibliothek.

因此，当时还是年轻学生的我带着字典，和中国朋友开始重新翻译这部小说，经常在图书馆待到很晚。

Nach 17 Jahren erschien dann die Übersetzung des Romans, bei der ich mich mit einem erfahrenen Übersetzer zusammengetan habe.

在17年后，小说的译本出现了，这部译本是我与一位经验丰富的译者合作。

Aber auch nach der ersten Auflage ließ mich der Roman nicht los und ich nahm stetig Verbesserungen vor, so dass ich derzeit an der vierten Auflage sitze. Tatsächlich erscheint mir auch das Übersetzen ein lebenslanger Prozess.

但即使在第一版之后，这部小说也没有让我停止脚步，我一步一步地修改，目前正在进行第四版的修改。事实上，在我看来，翻译也是一个终生的事业。

Als ich dann als junger Student an der Peking-Universität war, las ich die Kurzgeschichte "Zäher Brei" von Wang Meng und übersetzte diese zusammen mit meinen Kommilitonen.

当我还是北京大学读书的时候，我读了王蒙的短篇小说《坚硬的稀粥》，并和我的同学们一起翻译了它。

Dann empfing mich auch Wang Meng persönlich zuhause.

之后，王蒙还亲自邀请我去他家里做客。

So kam ich zur chinesischen Literatur der Gegenwart.

就这样，我走进了中文当代文学。

Im Studium der "modernen und gegenwärtigen chinesischen Literatur" an der Peking-Universität lernte ich viele andere Schriftsteller näher kennen und beschäftigte mich sowohl mit renommierten Schriftstellern wie Lu Xun und Ba Jin, wie auch rebellischen wie Wang Shuo, Mian Mian, später Han Han, und schließlich mit Schriftstellern, die vielleicht im Ausland berühmter sind als in China wie Zhang Ailing und Bei Dao.

在北京大学的 "中国现当代文学的学习中，我对许多的其他作家有了更多的了解：既不断研读鲁迅、巴金这样的著名作家的作品，也和王朔、绵绵、后来的韩寒这样的时代叛逆者打交道，最后还对张爱玲、北岛这样在国外可能比国内更有名的作家有自己的理解。

Bis heute sitze ich eigentlich immer an irgendeiner Übersetzung chinesischer Gegenwartsliteratur. Es ist eine faszinierende Welt, die ich nicht nur für mich und meine Leser erschlossen habe, sondern auch für junge Übersetzerinnen und Übersetzer aus Deutschland, die sich in meiner Übersetzer-Werkstatt zusammengefunden haben und die jährliche Zahl der Übersetzung chinesischer Literaturwerke insgesamt etwa verdoppelt haben.

时至今日，我其实一直坐在一些中国当代文学的译本前。这是一个迷人的世界，我不仅为自己和我的读者开辟了这个世界，也为来自德国的年轻译者开辟了这个世界，他们在我的译者工作室里聚在一起，每年翻译的中国文学作品总数大约比过去翻了一番。

===1. Why are you interested in translating Chinese literature, especially contemporary Chinese literature? How did the story begin? ===

I had my first contact with Chinese culture as a high school student when I attended the Münster Poets' Meeting in 1987. The Chinese poet Lü Yuan captivated me with his poems, and he told of the ups and downs of life in China, sometimes a celebrated representative national poet, sometimes an enemy of the people. When the Chinese delegation led by Lü Yuan noticed my interest in China, I received from them a bamboo brush and ink stone and encouragement to learn Chinese and then write a letter in Chinese. I wrote several letters to Lü Yuan, but never with the brush, because when I started learning Chinese, I also learned that Chinese reverence forbids boasting to one's teacher that one has "learned Chinese." In fact, learning Chinese is a lifelong process.

After a year of studying Chinese at the Ruhr University in Bochum, I noticed that only a third of the Chinese novel "Dream of the Red Chamber" had been translated into German (condensed into 40 chapters). So, as a young student, I set about re-translating the novel with the help of a dictionary and Chinese friends, often staying late at night in the library to do so. After 17 years, the novel was published, for which I teamed up with an experienced translator. But even after the first edition, the novel did not let go of me and I steadily made improvements, so that I am currently sitting on the fourth edition. In fact, translating also seems to me to be a lifelong process.

Then, when I was a young student at Peking University, I read the short story "Tough Porridge" by Wang Meng and translated it together with my fellow students. Then Wang Meng also received me personally at home. This is how I came to study contemporary Chinese literature. In the study of "modern and contemporary Chinese literature" at Peking University, I got to know many other writers more closely and dealt with both renowned writers such as Lu Xun and Ba Jin, as well as rebellious ones such as Wang Shuo, Mian Mian, later Han Han, and finally with writers who are perhaps more famous abroad than in China such as Zhang Ailing and Bei Dao.

To this day, I'm actually always sitting on some translation of contemporary Chinese literature. It is a fascinating world that I have opened up not only for myself and my readers, but also for young translators from Germany, who have come together in my translators' workshop and have roughly doubled the total annual number of translations of Chinese literary works.

==2. Welche chinesische Kultur haben Sie während Ihrer Forschung erlebt? Was gefällt Ihnen daran am besten?==
您在研究中感受到了哪些中国文化？当中最吸引您的是什么？

Die chinesische Kultur hat seit mehr als einem Jahrtausend seine Beamten für alle Staatsfunktionen über ein meritokratisches Prüfungssystem (科举) ausgewählt, bei dem es in erster Linie um die Kenntnis der 5 Klassiker (später auch der 4 Bücher), aber auch um philosophisches Verständnis und ein Gefühl für Literatur ging. Dies zeigt die besondere Stellung der Literatur in der Gesellschaft. Die Beamten waren häufig im Rahmen eines Rotationssystems beschäftigt. Dies sind weltweit leuchtende Vorbilder. Sowohl das heutige China wie auch die ganze Welt kann von dieser traditionsreichen Kultur lernen.

一千多年来，中国文化通过任人唯贤的考试制度（科举）为国家职能部门选拔官员，主要是关于四书五经（一开始只有五经），但也包括哲学理解和对文学的欣赏。这表明文学在社会中的特殊地位。公务员往往是以轮换制的方式被聘用。这些都是全世界值得炫耀的榜样。今天的中国和整个世界都可以从这种富有传统的文化中学习。

Ich liebe chinesische Kalligraphie, Literatur, Philosophie, Malerei, Musik und Opern, Feste, Kleidung, Küche und Volksbräuche sowie die vielen Facetten der chinesischen Handwerkskunst wie das Knoten flechten, Papierschnitte, Porzellan, Löwentanz, Schattenspiel. Es ist immer spannend, Parallelen und Unterschiede mit anderen Kulturen festzustellen.

我喜欢中国的书法、文学、哲学、绘画、音乐和戏曲、节日、服装、美食和民俗，以及中国手工艺的许多方面，如编织结、剪纸、瓷器、舞狮、皮影戏。找到与其他文化的相似之处和不同之处总是令人激动。

Die chinesische Kultur war immer dann am stärksten, wenn sie sich nach außen geöffnet hat. In der Tang-Dynastie kam es zu einer bis heute unerreichten Blüte der shi-Lyrik. Auch die Willkommenskultur gegenüber europäischen Missionaren im Mittelalter, die Verwestlichung durch Übersetzungen, Erziehung und Reisen, die Reform- und Öffnungspolitik in den 1980er Jahren hat China sehr geholfen. Die letzte Reform- und Öffnungspolitik war auch die Grundlage für den 40 Jahre anhaltenden Wirtschaftsboom. Heute steht die chinesische Kultur auf der Bühne der Welt.

中国文化在向外界开放时总是最强大的。唐朝的诗词绝句，至今无人能及。明清对欧洲传教士来访的接受传统，通过翻译、教育和旅行实现的西化，以及20世纪80年代的改革开放政策也对中国有很大帮助。最后的改革开放政策也是持续了40年经济繁荣的基础。今天，中国文化已经登上了世界舞台。

Wenn sie auch dort erfolgreich sein will, so kann sie das am besten, wenn sie sich wieder fremden Einflüssen öffnet und nicht versucht, unabhängig und isoliert zu sein. Natürlich kann China heute viel eigenständiger sein als noch vor einigen Jahrzehnten und viele sprechen heute von "Decoupling". Ich denke aber, dass nur der Kulturaustausch und die Öffnung nach außen langfristig eine Win-Win-Situation für China und den Rest der Welt sein kann.

如果想再次获得成功，中国可以继续拥抱外来文化，而不是试图独立和孤立，这样就很好。当然，今天的中国可以比几十年前更加独立，今天很多人都在谈论 "脱钩"。但我认为，从长远来看，只有文化交流和对外开放才能成为中国和世界其他国家的双赢局面。

Ein weiteres interessantes Kulturphänomen in China ist die Reduktion von Inhalt bei gleichzeitiger Steigerung der Ästhetik. Beispielhaft dafür möchte ich die chinesischen Schriftzeichen nennen.

中国另一个有趣的文化现象是内容的减少与审美的同步增加：象形的汉字就是一个很好的例子。

Natürlich haben auch viele kulturelle Elemente in China ihre Schattenseiten. So gibt es Gastfreundschaft und die Tradition, sich gegenseitig etwas zu schenken, aber auch die Übertreibung des Schenkens, was dann zu Korruption führt, gegen die dann politische Maßnahmen ergriffen werden müssen.

当然，中国的许多文化元素也有其灰面。例如，有好客和送礼的传统，但也有过于夸张的赠送现象，这就导致了腐败，然后必须采取政治措施加以打击。

Auch die Tradition seit Mao Zedong, die Literatur und Kunst in den Dienst des Sozialismus zu stellen, hat ihre Schattenseiten, da sich die Literatur und Kunst so nicht so frei entwickeln konnte wie anderswo.

自毛泽东以来，将文学和艺术为社会主义服务的传统也有其弊端，因为它没有让文学和艺术像其他地方一样自由发展。

Auch der Trend zur Standardisierung und Vereinheitlichung von Kultur zu einer Leitkultur, etwa den chinesischen Schriftzeichen als Lingua Franca in Asien und dem Putonghua als lingua franca in China, hat eine lange Tradition in China.

文化的标准化和统一为主导文化的趋势，如汉字作为亚洲的通用语言，普通话作为中国的通用语言，在中国也有悠久的传统。

Qin Shihuangdis Standardisierung bei der Reichseinigung ist ein frühes Beispiel. Diese Standardisierung hat aber auch Schattenseiten, etwa wenn die Sprache, Kultur und Religion von Minderheiten so marginalisiert wird. Hier sollte man sich daran erinnern, dass die chinesische Kultur immer dann eine Blütezeit erlebte, wenn sie sich geöffnet und andere Einflüsse willkommen geheißen hat.

秦始皇在统一六国时做的“五个统一”（统一文字、货币、度量衡、车辙、语言）就是一个早期的例子。但这种标准化也有其弊端，比如少数民族的语言、文化和宗教会在这种方式下被边缘化。这里应该记住的是，中国文化总是在开放和欢迎其他影响的情况下蓬勃发展的。

===2. What Chinese culture did you experience during your research? What do you like most about it?===

您在研究中感受到了哪些中国文化？当中最吸引您的是什么？

For more than a millennium, Chinese culture has selected its officials for all state functions through a meritocratic examination system (科举), which primarily involved knowledge of the 5 classics (and later the 4 books), but also philosophical understanding and a sense of literature. This shows the special position of literature in society. Civil servants were often employed on a rotation system. These are shining examples worldwide. Both today's China and the whole world can learn from this culture rich in tradition.

一千多年来，中国文化通过任人唯贤的考试制度（科举）为国家职能部门选拔官员，主要是关于四书五经（一开始只有五经），但也包括哲学理解和对文学的欣赏。这表明文学在社会中的特殊地位。公务员往往是以轮换制的方式被聘用。这些都是全世界值得炫耀的榜样。今天的中国和整个世界都可以从这种富有传统的文化中学习。

I love Chinese calligraphy, literature, philosophy, painting, music and opera, festivals, clothing, cuisine and folk customs, as well as the many facets of Chinese crafts such as knot weaving, paper cutting, porcelain, lion dancing, shadow puppetry. It is always exciting to note parallels and differences with other cultures.

我喜欢中国的书法、文学、哲学、绘画、音乐和戏曲、节日、服装、美食和民俗，以及中国手工艺的许多方面，如编织结、剪纸、瓷器、舞狮、皮影戏。找到与其他文化的相似之处和不同之处总是令人激动。

Chinese culture has always been strongest when it has opened up to the outside world. The Tang Dynasty saw a flowering of shi poetry that is still unmatched today. China was also greatly helped by the welcoming culture towards European missionaries in the Middle Ages, westernization through translation, education and travel, and the reform and opening-up policy in the 1980s. The last reform and opening-up policy was also the basis for the economic boom that lasted for 40 years. Today, Chinese culture is on the world stage.

中国文化在向外界开放时总是最强大的。唐朝的诗词绝句，至今无人能及。明清对欧洲传教士来访的接受传统，通过翻译、教育和旅行实现的西化，以及20世纪80年代的改革开放政策也对中国有很大帮助。最后的改革开放政策也是持续了40年经济繁荣的基础。今天，中国文化已经登上了世界舞台。

If it wants to succeed there as well, the best way for it to do so is to reopen itself to foreign influences rather than trying to be independent and isolated. Of course, China can be much more independent today than it was a few decades ago, and many now talk about "decoupling." But I think only cultural exchange and opening up to the outside world can be a win-win situation for China and the rest of the world in the long run.

如果想再次获得成功，中国可以继续拥抱外来文化，而不是试图独立和孤立，这样就很好。当然，今天的中国可以比几十年前更加独立，今天很多人都在谈论 "脱钩"。但我认为，从长远来看，只有文化交流和对外开放才能成为中国和世界其他国家的双赢局面。

Another interesting cultural phenomenon in China is the reduction of content while increasing aesthetics. I would like to take Chinese characters as an example of this.

中国另一个有趣的文化现象是内容的减少与审美的同步增加。我想以汉字为例来说明这一点。

Of course, many cultural elements in China also have their downsides. For example, there is hospitality and the tradition of giving gifts to each other, but there is also the exaggeration of gift-giving, which then leads to corruption, against which political measures must then be taken.

当然，中国的许多文化元素也有其灰面。例如，有好客和送礼的传统，但也有过于夸张的赠送现象，这就导致了腐败，然后必须采取政治措施加以打击。

The tradition since Mao Zedong of putting literature and art at the service of socialism has also had its downsides, as this has prevented literature and art from developing as freely as elsewhere.

自毛泽东以来，将文学和艺术为社会主义服务的传统也有其弊端，因为它没有让文学和艺术像其他地方一样自由发展。

The trend of standardizing and unifying culture into a leading culture, such as Chinese characters as a lingua franca in Asia and Putonghua as a lingua franca in China, also has a long tradition in China.

文化的标准化和统一为主导文化的趋势，如汉字作为亚洲的通用语言，普通话作为中国的通用语言，在中国也有悠久的传统。

Qin Shihuangdi's standardization in empire unification is an early example. However, this standardization also has downsides, such as when the language, culture, and religion of minorities are thus marginalized. Here, it should be remembered that Chinese culture has always flourished when it has opened up and welcomed other influences.

==3. Was sind die Qualitäten der chinesischen Kultur und der chinesischen Zivilisation in Ihren Augen? Welche Bedeutung haben sie für die Welt?==

您眼中的中国文化和中华文明有哪些特质？它们对世界的意义是什么？

Die für Ausländer sichtbarsten und auffälligsten Qualitäten sind Respekt und Würde, die sich in den frühen philosophischen Texten, in den Tang-Gedichten, in den alltäglichen Praktiken der Gastfreundschaft, der Höflichkeit, in den raffiniert-ausdifferenzierten Praktiken des kulturellen Genusses und des Kulturkonsums in allen Aspekten wie Mode, Musik, Literatur, Theater, traditionellem Handwerk usw. zeigen. All diese kulturellen Errungenschaften sind für die Welt von großer Bedeutung, zumal sie 18,5% der Weltbevölkerung eine Identität verleihen und auch die Wechselwirkungen zwischen der chinesischen Kultur und anderen Kulturen prägen. Natürlich gibt es auch Orte, an denen diese Tradition des Respekts verletzt wird.

对外国人来说，最明显、最引人注目的特质是尊重和尊严。这可以在早期的哲学文本中看到，在唐诗中看到，在待人接物的日常实践中看到，在时尚、音乐、文学、戏剧、传统手工艺等各个方面的文化享受和消费的高雅差异化实践中看到。所有这些文化成就对世界来说都是非常重要的，特别是它们给了世界上18.5%的人口一个身份，同时也塑造了中国文化和其他文化之间的互动关系。当然，也有一些地方违反了这种尊重的传统。

Eine weitere Eigenschaft ist die Fähigkeit, sich anzupassen und flexibel zu sein. Als das China der Qing-Dynastie erkannte, dass Europa in Wissenschaft und Waffentechnik fortschrittlicher war, schickte es Studenten ins Ausland, richtete Schulen für westliche Bildung ein und holte den technologischen Rückstand innerhalb von 150 Jahren auf. Das Gleiche gilt für neue Erfindungen: Die neuen vier großen Erfindungen sind berühmt für ihre Umsetzung in China, wurden aber ursprünglich in den Vereinigten Staaten entwickelt und populär. Die Anpassungsfähigkeit in China bedeutet aber auch, dass die Produkte, die auf den Schultern westlicher Giganten entwickelt wurden, anspruchsvoller und fortschrittlicher sind. Heute wird bereits ein Großteil der Forschung und Entwicklung in China betrieben. Auch das Bildungssystem wird heute reformiert, indem die Noten in den Klassen 1-6 abgeschafft und mehr Wert auf Sport und Kreativität gelegt wird.

另一个特质是适应和灵活的能力。当清代中国意识到欧洲在科学和武器装备方面更先进时，它将学生送到国外，建立了西方教育的学校，并在150年内赶上了技术落后。新发明也是如此。新四大发明因其在中国的实施而闻名，但最初是在美国发展和推广的。但中国的适应性也意味着，在西方巨头的肩膀上开发的产品更加成熟和先进。今天，大部分的研究和开发已经在中国完成。如今，教育系统也在进行改革，取消了1-9年级的分数制，更加强调体育和创造力。

Eine weitere wichtige Eigenschaft ist die Friedfertigkeit. China hat in seiner gesamten Geschichte unvorstellbare Verluste erlitten, sowohl durch fremde Invasoren und Besatzer als auch durch Bürgerkriege oder Kriege zwischen verschiedenen Königreichen (Zeit der Streitenden Reiche) und Regionen (Warlords selbst noch in der Republikzeit) im heutigen China.

另一个重要的特质是爱好和平。中国在历史上遭受了难以想象的损失，既来自外国侵略者和占领者，也来自不同朝代或时期的内战，如：战国时期旷日持久的七雄争霸战争，以及二战后的“解放战争”。

Als Zheng He mit seiner Armada die Meere bereiste, beeindruckte das Ming-China andere Anrainerstaaten durch die schiere Größe und den Reichtum der Schiffe.

当郑和带着他的舰队出海时，明代中国以其船只的巨大规模和财富给其他沿海国家留下了深刻印象。

Wenn jedoch ein Herrscher die chinesische Vorherrschaft nicht akzeptierte, wie der König von Ceylon, nahm Zheng He ihn einfach gefangen. Die andere Seite der Geschichte ist also, dass die 7.000 Experten für Zivilhandwerk, die die Schiffe bemannten, gleichzeitig Soldaten waren. Auch heute noch verfügt China über das größte stehende Heer der Welt, verstärkt seine militärische Präsenz in Lateinamerika, Afrika, Europa und Asien, baut neue Inseln im Pazifik in der Nähe von Nachbarländern auf und hat eine dominierende Wirtschaftsmacht in der Welt.

然而，如果一个统治者不接受中国的统治，比如锡兰国王，郑和就直接俘虏了他。因此，故事的另一面是，在船上操作的7000名民间工艺专家也是士兵。今天，中国仍然拥有世界上最大的常备军，在拉丁美洲、非洲、欧洲和亚洲增加军事存在，在太平洋靠近邻国的地方建造新的岛屿，并在世界范围内拥有主导的经济力量。

Obwohl dies in den Augen des Auslands auf den ersten Blick aggressiv wirkt, hat China international anerkannte Narrative des friedlichen Aufstiegs, der gegenseitigen Achtung der Souveränität und der Nichteinmischung in innenpolitische Angelegenheiten etabliert.

虽然在外国看来，这似乎具有侵略性，但中国已经建立了国际公认的和平崛起、相互尊重主权和不干涉内政的战略政策。

Auf dem Platz des Himmlischen Friedens steht geschrieben: "Es lebe die große Einheit der Völker der Welt". Die Weltgemeinschaft ist ein Ideal, die Grenze einer idealen Gesellschaft, und um sie zu erreichen, muss zuallererst das chinesische Volk selbst geeint sein.

天安门上写着“世界人民大团结万岁”，世界大同是一个理想，一个理想社会的极限，要说实现世界大同，首先中国人民自己需要团结。

In China gilt das Prinzip „he er bu tong“, und so gibt es die lange Tradition der Throneingaben, was eine friedliche Gemeinschaft auf allen Ebenen ermöglichte, auch wenn die Menschen unterschiedlicher Meinung waren. Das Prinzip, dass die Partei in allen Aspekten der Gesellschaft in der Neuen Ära Chinas führend ist, ist auch ein Prinzip, das Unruhen, Gewalt und sogar die Sichtbarkeit von Konflikten oder unterschiedlichen Meinungen verhindert. Die Kehrseite der Medaille ist natürlich, dass die Regierung diesen Frieden und die soziale Stabilität mit eiserner Hand gegen Dissidenten, Separatisten und Terroristen durchsetzt.

中国历史上有“谏言”传统，“合而不同”是一个原则，即使人们有不同意见，也可以在各个层面上建立和平的社会。在新时代的中国，党领导下的社会各方面基本原则也是防止动乱、暴力、以及冲突或不同意见的可见性。当然，硬币的另一面是，政府以铁腕的方式维持这种和平和社会稳定，打击持不同政见者、分裂分子和恐怖分子。

Eine weitere Eigenschaft ist Geduld und Ausdauer. Im Laufe der Geschichte hat China fast ein Jahrtausend lang unter fremder Besatzung gelitten. Sogar das heutige Gesellschaftssystem stammt von Karl Marx, einem Deutschen. Unabhängig von den Umständen waren die Chinesen immer in der Lage, ihr Leben gemäß ihrer traditionellen Kultur zu leben und in verschiedenen Kulturbereichen höchste Perfektion zu erreichen. Wer kann schon mit chinesischem Porzellan, Kalligraphie, traditioneller Landschaftsmalerei, Tang-Dichtung usw. konkurrieren?

另一个特质是耐心和毅力。纵观历史，中国在外国占领下遭受了近一千年的痛苦。即使是今天的社会制度，也起源于德国人卡尔·马克思。无论在什么情况下，中国人总是能够按照他们的传统文化来生活，并在各个文化领域达到最高的完美程度。谁能与中国的瓷器、书法、传统山水画、唐诗等竞争？

Ein weiterer Grundsatz ist das Verständnis und die Praxis des Wortes "Rechtschaffenheit", einer der offensichtlichsten Charakterzüge der Chinesen. Qu Yuans wütender Sprung in den Miluo-Fluss ist Rechtschaffenheit; Chen Dieyis Selbstmord am Ende von "Lebewohl, meine Konkubine" ist Rechtschaffenheit; Wang Jiazhis Aufforderung an Herrn Yi, am Ende von "Vorsicht, Lust" wegzulaufen, ist Rechtschaffenheit. Rechtschaffenheit hat mit tiefen Gefühlen zu tun, Rechtschaffenheit ist nicht Leichtsinn, sondern der Mut, zu wissen, dass man es nicht tun kann.

“义”字的理解和践行，是中国人另一个较为明显的特质。屈原怒跳汨罗江，是义；霸王别姬最后陈蝶衣的自刎，是义；色戒最后王佳芝让易先生快跑，是义。义是和深刻的感情相关，义不是鲁莽，而是明知不可为而为之的勇敢。

Tief verwurzelt im chinesischen Volk ist auch die Sehnsucht nach Gerechtigkeit. Wie können Regierungsbeamte die riesigen Devisenreserven, die von den Arbeitern verdient werden, die eine Schraube nach der anderen anbringen, nach Belieben verschleudern? Ist es nicht selbstverständlich, die Korruption zu bekämpfen, und nicht als politische Errungenschaft, mit der man sich rühmen kann, was völlig ungerechtfertigt ist.

深植于中国人民内心的还有对正义的渴望。大量的外汇储备，是工人一个螺丝一个螺丝安装赚出来的，政府官员又怎么能去随意挥霍？反腐难道不是天经地义，而不是作为一个政绩来吹嘘，这是完全没有道理的。

Anstatt über die Bedeutung von Qualitäten für die Welt zu sprechen, sollten wir zuerst über die Bedeutung von Qualitäten für China selbst nachdenken. Es ist möglich, ein verantwortungsvoller Mensch zu sein, wenn man mehr an sich selbst denkt. Das Gleiche gilt für das Land.

与其说，特质对于世界的意义，不如先想想，特质对于中国自身的意义。更多的考虑自身，才可能成为一个负责任的人。国家亦是如此。

===3. What are the qualities of Chinese culture and civilization in your eyes? What is their significance for the world?===
The qualities most visible and striking for foreigners are the respect and dignity, which can be seen in the early philosophical texts, in the Tang poems, in everyday practices of hospitality, politeness, in the refined practises of cultural enjoyment and consumption in all aspects of culture like fashion, music, literature, dramas, traditional crafts etc. All of these cultural achievements are extremely important for the world, especially since they grant identity to 18.5% of the world population and also coin the interactions between the Chinese culture and other cultures. Of course there are also places, where this tradition of respect is violated.

One more quality is the ability to adapt and to be flexible. When Qing China realized that Europe was more advanced in sciences and weaponry, they send students abroad, set up schools for western learning, and within 150 years made up the technological gap. The same holds true for new inventions: The New Four Great Inventions are famous for their realization in China, but originally were developed and first became popular in the United States. However, the ability to adapt in China means also that the products developed on the shoulders of Western giants are more sophisticated and advanced. Today, a lot of Research and Development is already produced in China. Also the education system today is reformed by abandoning grades in grades 1-9 and by putting more emphasis on sports and creativity.

Another main quality is peacefulness. China has suffered unimaginable loss throughout all of her history, both by foreign invaders and occupants as well as by civil war or war among different kingdoms (e.g. in the Warring States period) and regions (during the dynasties until the Republican time) within today's China. When Zheng He travelled the seas with his armada, Ming China impressed other sea bordering countries by the sheer size and wealth of the boats. However, if a ruler did not accept the Chinese supremacy, like the king of Ceylon, Zheng He simply captured him. So the other side of the story is that the 7,000 experts in civil crafts manning the ships at the same time were soldiers. Even today, China has the largest standing army in the world, enhances military presence in Latin America, Africa, Europe and Asia and creates new islands in the pacific ocean close to neighbouring countries and also has a dominating economical power in the world. Although this looks aggressive in foreign eyes at first glance, China has established internationally renowned narratives of peaceful rise, mutual respect of souvereignty and non-interference in domestic issues. On Tiananmen Square, it is written "Long live the great unity of the world's people". The world commonwealth is an ideal, the limit of an ideal society, and to achieve it, first of all, the Chinese people themselves need to be united.

China has the old principle of "he er bu tong" and of "throne inputs", which allows a peaceful community at all levels even if people disagree. The principle, that the party leads in all aspects of society in the New Era of China, is also a principle that prevents riots, violence and even the visibility of conflicts or different opinions. The flip side of the medal of course is that the government enforces this peace and social stability with an iron hand on dissidents, separatists and terrorists.

Another quality is patience and endurance. Throughout history, China has suffered foreign occupation for almost a millenium. Even today's society system originated from Karl Marx, a German. Regardless under which circumstances, Chinese people were always able to live their lifes according to their traditional culture, and to achieve the highest perfection in different cultural branches. Who can compete with Chinese porcellain, calligraphy, traditional landscape painting, Tang poetry etc.?

Another principle is the understanding and practice of the word "righteousness" is one of the more obvious traits of the Chinese. Qu Yuan's angry jump into Miluo River is righteousness; Chen Dieyi's suicide at the end of Farewell My Concubine is righteousness; Wang Jiazhi's telling Mr. Yi to run away at the end of Lust Caution is righteousness. Righteousness is related to profound feelings, righteousness is not recklessness, but the bravery of knowing that it cannot be done.

Deeply rooted in Chinese people is also the longing for justice. How can government officials go about squandering the vast foreign exchange reserves, which are earned by workers installing one screw after another, at will? Isn't it natural to fight corruption, not as a political achievement to boast, which is completely unjustified.

Instead of talking about the significance of traits to the world, we should first think about the significance of traits to China itself. It is possible to be a responsible person by thinking more about oneself. The same is true for the country.

==4. Sie haben die chinesische Literatur und Kultur als westlicher Sinologe studiert. Wie sehen Sie den gegenseitigen Einfluss und das gegenseitige Lernen der chinesischen und westlichen Kulturen seit dem 19. Jahrhundert?==
您作为西方汉学家研究中国文学和文化。您如何看待19世纪以来中西方文化的相互影响和借鉴？

Zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts hatte China nach verschiedenen Berechnungen das größte Bruttoinlandsprodukt der Welt. Fortschritte bei Hygiene, medizinischer und sozialer Versorgung sowohl in Europa wie in China führten zu einer Bevölkerungsexplosion. Europa fand als Antwort darauf die Industrielle Revolution mit der industriellen Massenproduktion und der Effizienzsteigerung auch bei der Nahrungsmittelproduktion. Gleichzeitig löste sich Europa vom Joch der Religion und Wissenschaften, Bildung und moderne Staatsführung hielten mit der Französischen Revolution und Aufklärung Einzug in Europa. China konnte zwar die Erträge steigern, hatte aber begrenzte Anbaufläche und blieb so auf seiner Entwicklungsstufe stehen. Auch innerchinesische Reformbestrebungen bei der Staastführung blieben erfolglos.

根据各类统计，在19世纪初，中国的国内生产总值是世界上最高的。欧洲和中国在卫生、医疗和社会保障方面的进步导致了人口爆炸。作为回应，欧洲完成了工业革命，有了工业化大生产，食品生产的效率也提高了。与此同时，欧洲挣脱了宗教的枷锁，科学、教育和现代治理随着法国大革命和启蒙运动进入欧洲。中国能够提高产量，但可耕地有限，因此仍处于发展阶段。在中国境内改革国家领导层的努力也没有成功。

Auch wenn wir uns alle aus heutiger Sicht wünschen, dass das Öffnen des chinesischen Marktes und der Know-How Transfer aus Europa nach China ohne Gewalt stattgefunden hätte, hat China nur durch diese Öffnung in Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Staatsführung die Grundlagen für die heutige Stärke gelegt.

即使从今天的角度来看，我们都希望中国的市场开放和欧洲向中国的技术转移是在没有暴力的情况下进行的，但只有通过经济、科学和治理方面的这种开放，中国才为其目前的实力奠定了基础。

Im heutigen China gibt es das Narrativ der 180-jährigen Schmach und Schande, im heutigen Europa gibt es dieses Narrativ nicht, man relativiert die geringen Opferzahlen mit größeren Opferzahlen aus dem Antijapanischen Krieg und dem sog. „Befreiungskrieg“, man schätzt die stets reiche Kultur und Geschichte Chinas, die wenig von den kleinen Kolonien beeinflusst wurde. Vor dem 19. Jahrhundert war China ein idealisiertes fernes Land, hatte in der Chinoiserie sogar exotischen Kultstatus. Auch wenn Marx, Hegel und andere China nun aufgrund seiner Stagnation in einem negativen Licht darstellten, blieb China doch immer ein Land, dessen alte Weisheit man schätzte und in das Träume projiziert wurden. Unser heutiges Narrativ von den letzten 200 Jahren Beziehung mit China ist, dass wir stolz sind, durch Transfer von Technik, Know-How, Wissenschaft, Bildung und Staatsführung zur Modernisierung Chinas beigetragen zu haben. Während der auch nach China exportierte Sozialismus mit dem Ende des kalten Krieges und dem Fallen des Eisernen Vorhangs in Europa als Fehler der Geschichte angesehen wird, betrachtet man doch die Modernisierung in China als Teil eines globalen Phänomens. Den Ethnozentrismus hat man in Europa weitgehend überwunden, man hat auch seine Vergangenheit bewältigt und den Weg des friedlichen, gleichberechtigten Miteinanders verschiedener Völker, Kulturen und Sprachen gefunden. Ja, in Europa lösen sich Staatsgrenzen auf, die Unterscheidung zwischen Rassen und Ethnien gilt als unwissenschaftlich und selbst die Unterscheidung von Geschlechtern wird relativiert.

中国有180多年的被侵略的历史，但欧洲人不了解这段历史，他们认为，与抗日战争和所谓的 "解放战争 "所造成的大量受害者相比，受害者的人数较少，觉得中国一直都有很丰富的文化和历史，一些殖民地也较小。在19世纪之前，中国是一个理想化的遥远国度，甚至在中国风中具有异国情调的崇拜地位。即使马克思、黑格尔和其他人现在因为中国的停滞不前而对中国进行了负面描述，但中国始终是一个古老智慧被珍视的国家，梦想被投射到这个国家。我们今天对过去200年与中国关系的叙述是，我们为通过技术、知识、科学、教育和治理的转让为中国的现代化做出贡献而感到自豪。在欧洲，随着冷战的结束和铁幕的落下，社会主义也出口到中国，被视为历史的错误，而中国的现代化则被视为全球现象的一部分。欧洲在很大程度上克服了民族中心主义，也接受了自己的过去，并找到了不同民族、文化和语言的和平、平等共处的道路。是的，在欧洲，国界正在消解，种族和族裔群体之间的区别被认为是不科学的，甚至性别之间的区别也正在被相对化。

Während China anfangs vor allem durch Missionare, Übersetzungen und Auslandsstudium viel von Europa lernte, trat zwischenzeitlich ein neuer Spieler auf, auf den sich nunmehr die Hoffnungen und Träume von Europäern und Chinesen richteten: Die Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika. Gute chinesische und europäische Studierende wollen bis heute an amerikanische Universitäten, MacDonalds und amerikanische Kinofilme sind sicherlich nicht aufgrund ihrer Qualität, sondern schlicht aufgrund ihres Siegels "Made in USA" beliebt.

虽然中国最初从欧洲学到了很多东西，主要是通过传教士、翻译和留学，但在此期间出现了一个新的角色，欧洲人和中国人的希望和梦想现在都指向了他——美利坚合众国。中国和欧洲的优秀学生仍然想去美国的大学，麦当劳和美国电影受欢迎不是因为它们的质量，而只是因为它们有 "美国制造 "的标签。

Heute stellt sich die Welt in einer multipolaren Ordnung dar, China und die USA sind als Rivalen und gleichzeitig als Partner an die Spitze getreten, Putin kompensiert den Verlust des Großmachtsstatus mit blinder Aggression und Europa versucht, die Gemeinsamkeiten zu beschwören, indem es Pandemie-Bekämpfung und Umweltschutz auf die Tagesordnung gesetzt hat.

今天，世界呈现出多极化的秩序，中国和美国作为竞争对手同时也是合作伙伴，普京正在用盲目的侵略来弥补大国地位的损失，而欧洲正试图通过将大流行病控制和环境保护列入议程来寻求共同点。

Alle können von den ältesten Kulturen, wie der chinesischen, lernen, z.B. was die Bedeutung der Familie angeht. In der Staatsführung können auch China, die USA und Russland von Europa lernen, etwa wie man verschiedene Ethnien friedlich zusammenbringt und auf fossile Energien verzichtet. Auch bei der Armutsbekämpfung und einzelnen Umweltprojekten können alle von China lernen.

所有人都可以从最古老的文化中学习，例如中国人对家庭的重视。在国家治理方面，中国、美国和俄罗斯也可以向欧洲学习，例如，如何将不同的民族群体和平地团结在一起，如何不使用化石燃料。在与贫困作斗争和个人环境项目方面，每个人也可以向中国学习。

Ob die chinesische Kultur in der Zukunft weltweit beliebter wird, hängt vor allem von Chinas Entwicklung beim weltweiten Ranking in den Bereichen Korruption, Umweltschutz und Freiheit ab.

中国文化未来是否会在世界范围内更受欢迎，首先取决于中国在腐败、环境保护和自由方面的全球排名的发展。

===4. You have studied Chinese literature and culture as a Western sinologist. How do you see the mutual influence and learning of Chinese and Western cultures since the 19th century?===

At the beginning of the 19th century, China had the largest gross domestic product in the world, according to various calculations. Advances in hygiene, medical and social care in both Europe and China led to a population explosion. In response, Europe found the Industrial Revolution with industrial mass production and increased efficiency in food production as well. At the same time, Europe broke free from the yoke of religion and science, education and modern governance entered Europe with the French Revolution and Enlightenment. China was able to increase yields, but had limited arable land and thus remained at its stage of development. Intra-Chinese efforts to reform the state leadership were also unsuccessful.

Even if, from today's perspective, we all wish that the opening of the Chinese market and the transfer of know-how from Europe to China had taken place without violence, it was only through this opening in economy, science and governance that China laid the foundations for its current strength.

In China there is the master narrative of 180 years of shame and disgrace. In Europe, this is not the dominating narrative, instead one concentrates on wars with many more deaths and consequences like the Anti Japanese war and the civil war, the history and culture of China is seen as being always rich, not influenced much by the small colonies. Before the 19th century, China was an idealized distant land, even had exotic cult status in Chinoiserie. Even though Marx, Hegel, and others now portrayed China in a negative light because of its stagnation, China always remained a country whose ancient wisdom was cherished and into which dreams were projected. Our narrative today of the last 200 years of relationship with China is that we are proud to have contributed to China's modernization through transfer of technology, know-how, science, education and governance. While socialism, which was also exported to China with the end of the Cold War and the fall of the Iron Curtain, is seen as a mistake of history in Europe, modernization in China is seen as part of a global phenomenon. Europe has largely overcome ethnocentrism, has come to terms with its past and has found the way to peaceful, equal coexistence of different peoples, cultures and languages. Yes, in Europe national borders are dissolving, the distinction between races and ethnic groups is considered unscientific, and even the distinction between genders is being relativized.

While China initially learned a lot from Europe, mainly through missionaries, translations and study abroad, a new player emerged in the meantime, on whom the hopes and dreams of Europeans and Chinese were now directed: The United States of America. Good Chinese and European students still want to go to American universities, MacDonalds and American movies are certainly popular not because of their quality, but simply because of their "Made in USA" seal.

Today, the world presents itself in a multipolar order, China and the U.S. have risen to the top as rivals and at the same time partners, Putin is compensating for the loss of great power status with blind aggression, and Europe is trying to invoke common ground by putting pandemic control and environmental protection on the agenda.

All can learn from the oldest cultures, such as China's, in terms of the importance of the family, for example. In governance, China, the U.S. and Russia can also learn from Europe, such as how to bring different ethnic groups together peacefully and how to abandon fossil fuels. Everyone can also learn from China in the fight against poverty and in individual environmental projects.

Whether Chinese culture will become more popular worldwide in the future depends above all on China's development in the global ranking in the areas of corruption, environmental protection and freedom.

==5. China modernisiert sich mit seinen eigenen Merkmalen. Was sind Ihrer Meinung nach die traditionellen Elemente von Chinas Modernisierung?==
中国在走有自己特色的现代化道路。你认为中国现代化中蕴含哪些传统要素？

Die Modernisierung im Allgemeinen findet überall auf der Welt statt. Sie ist der biologischen Evolution sehr ähnlich: Es gibt einen Wettbewerb, und die wirtschaftlichen Entwicklungen, die die beste Entwicklung ermöglichen, gewinnen. Es ist also richtig zu sagen, dass jedes Land seine eigenen Merkmale hat, und es ist auch richtig, dass sich alle Länder auf die eine oder andere Weise langfristig modernisieren.

世界各地在普遍的进行现代化建设。这与生物进化论非常相似：存在着竞争，能够实现最佳发展的经济发展体获胜。因此，说每个国家都有自己的特点是正确的，从长远来看，所有国家都会以这样或那样的方式进行现代化，这也是事实。

China hatte bereits seit der Qin-Dynastie ein hohes zivilisatorisches Niveau erreicht und verspürte keinen Druck zur Weiterentwicklung, bis die industrielle Revolution Europa vorauseilte. Als China erkannte, dass es sich weiterentwickeln musste, lernte es von Europa und behielt dennoch viel von seiner kulturellen Identität und seinen Traditionen. Als dieses größte Volk der Welt den Weg des wirtschaftlichen Aufschwungs einschlug, wurde China zur größten Volkswirtschaft der Welt.

自秦朝以来，中国已经达到了很高的文明水平，直到工业革命在欧洲发生之前，中国没有感到进一步发展的压力。当中国意识到它需要发展时，它向欧洲学习，但又保留了许多文化特性和传统。随着这个世界上最大的国家走上了经济发展的道路，中国成为世界上最大的经济体。

Nun ist die globale evolutionäre wirtschaftliche Entwicklung an einem Punkt angelangt, an dem sich die Prinzipien "Fortschritt um jeden Preis" und "wirtschaftlicher Gewinn auf Kosten der Umwelt" als Sackgasse erwiesen haben. Auch China hat begonnen, das Konzept des "moderaten Wachstums zur Erreichung moderaten Wohlstands" zu ändern und die "Wachstumswirtschaft" durch eine "Kreislaufwirtschaft" zu ersetzen. China hat Konzepte wie "erneuerbare Energie statt fossiler Energie" und "gemeinsame Wirtschaft statt Abfallwirtschaft" übernommen.

现在，全球进化型经济发展已经到了一个地步，"不惜代价的进步 "和 "以牺牲环境为代价的经济利益 "的原则已经被证明是一个死胡同。中国也开始改变 "适度增长，实现小康 "的概念，用 "循环经济 "取代 "增长经济"。中国采用了 "以可再生能源替代化石能源 "和 "以共享经济替代废物管理 "等概念。

Der chinesische Weg der Modernisierung in den letzten 40 Jahren folgt demselben Pfad wie die globale Modernisierung. Allerdings hat jedes Land seine eigenen Merkmale und ein einzigartiges Umfeld. China hat die größten Probleme in den Bereichen Korruption, Umweltverschmutzung, Schutz von Minderheitensprachen, -kulturen und -religionen, Rechtsstaatlichkeit, Schutz der Privatsphäre und der Freiheiten des Einzelnen usw., aber es war erfolgreich bei der Bekämpfung der Armut und der Anhebung des Lebensstandards der Menschen. Dies zeigt, dass der Weg nicht dadurch entstanden ist, dass immer mehr Menschen auf ihm marschieren, sondern durch eine Regierung, die den Weg vorgibt und bereit ist, sich die Wege anderer Nationen anzuschauen und von ihnen zu lernen, um einen Weg für China zu finden. Wie es im Text des deutschen Liedes "Dieser Weg" heißt: "Dieser Weg" ist nicht leicht, "dieser Weg" ist voller Dornen und Mühsal. (Dieser Weg wird nicht leichter sein, dieser Weg wird steinig und schwer.)

过去的40年里，中国的现代化道路与全球的现代化道路相同。然而，每个国家都有自己的特点和独特的环境。中国在腐败、污染、保护少数民族语言、文化和宗教、法治、保护隐私和个人自由等方面存在最大的问题，但它在消除贫困和提高人民生活水平方面是成功的。这表明，这条道路不是由越来越多的人在上面游行创造出来的，而是由一个政府制定的道路，并愿意看一看和学习其他国家的道路，为中国找到一条道路。正像德语歌《这条路（dieser Weg）》歌词唱的那样：“这条路”不轻松，“这条路”充满荆棘和艰辛。（Dieser Weg wird kein leichter sein, Dieser Weg wird steinig und schwer.）

Um zu verstehen, wer man heute ist, muss man seine Geschichte kennen. Deshalb ist es wichtig, die Geschichte in gemeinsamen Gremien mit anderen Ländern zu dokumentieren, um zu Schulbüchern zu kommen, die überall auf der Welt dasselbe lehren. Dazu gehört auch, sich der Erfolge und Misserfolge in der eigenen Geschichte bewusst zu werden und bereit zu sein, eigene Fehler einzugestehen. Deutschland hat diese schmerzhafte Vergangenheitsbewältigung bereits in Angriff genommen, China sollte folgen und Japan hat vielleicht noch den längsten Weg zu dieser Haltung vor sich. Nur wer seine eigenen Fehler eingestehen kann, kann wirkliche Würde und Größe erlangen. Bescheidenheit und Selbstkultivierung ist eine der ältesten chinesischen Traditionen, die auch von so unterschiedlichen Philosophen wie Konfuzius und Laozi propagiert wurde.

要了解今天的你是谁，你必须了解你的历史。这就是为什么在与其他国家的联合机构中，记录历史是很重要的，以便达成在全世界范围内教授相同内容的教科书。这也包括意识到自己历史上的成功和失败，并准备承认自己的错误。德国已经开始了这个与过去和解的痛苦过程，中国应该效仿，而日本要接受这个目标，也许还有最长的路要走。只有那些能够承认自己错误的人，才能获得真正的尊严和伟大。谦虚和自我修养是中国最古老的传统之一，也是由孔子和老子等不同的哲学家所宣传的。

Den Künsten und Geisteswissenschaften sowie dem menschlichen und kulturellen Austausch mit anderen Ländern mehr Raum zu geben, trägt dazu bei, die kulturelle Identität und das Selbstvertrauen in die eigene einzigartige Zivilisation zu fördern, sie zum Blühen zu bringen und sie für andere Menschen in der Welt attraktiver zu machen.

给予艺术和人文以及与其他国家的人文交流更多的空间，有助于促进文化认同和对自己独特的文明自信，使其蓬勃发展，对世界上其他国家更有吸引力。

===5. China is modernizing with its own characteristics. What do you think are the traditional elements of China's modernization?===

The modernization in general takes place all over the world. It is very much like biological evolution: There is competition and the economical developments which allow a the best development will win. So it is true to say that every country has its own characteristics and it is also true to say that all countries modernize in the one way or the other in the long run.

China had reached a high level of civilization already since Qin dynasty and did not experience pressure for further development until the Industrial Revolution brought Europe ahead. When China realized that it needed to develop further, it learned from Europe and still kept much of its cultural identity and traditions. Once this largest people of the world joined the path of economical boom, China became the largest economy in the world.

Now the global evolutionary economical development has come to a point, where the principles of "progress at all costs" and "economical profit on the cost of environmental pollution" have shown that they are a dead end. Also China has started to change the concept to "moderate growth to achieve moderate wealth" and to replace "growth economy" with "circle economy". China has adapted concepts of "renewable energy instead of fossile energy" and "shared economy instead of waste economy".

The Chinese way of modernization in the past 40 years follows the same path as global modernization. However, every country has its unique characteristics and a unique setting. China faces the biggest problems in corruption, pollution, protection of minority languages, cultures and religion, rule of law, protection of data privacy and freedoms of individuals etc. but it was successful in poverty allevation and the raise of living standard of the people. This shows that the path was not formed by more and more people marching on it, but by a government leading the way and being willing to look at the pathes of other nations to learn from them in order to find a way for China. As the lyrics of the German song "Dieser Weg" say: "This road" is not easy, "this road" is full of thorns and hardships. (Dieser Weg wird kein leichter sein, dieser Weg wird steinig und schwer.)

To understand who you are today, you need to know your history. Therefore it is important to document history in joint committees with other countries, to come to textbooks which teach the same all over the world. This includes to become aware of success stories and failures in your own history and to be willing to admit own mistakes. Germany has already undertaken this painful coming to terms with the past, China should follow and Japan may have the longest way to go to achieve this attitude. Only if you can admit your own mistakes, you can achieve real dignity and greatness. Humbleness and self-cultivation is one of the oldest Chinese traditions, also propagated by such different philosophers like Confucius and Laozi.

Giving more space to the arts and humanities and to human and cultural exchanges with other countries helps to foster cultural identity and self-confidence in one's own unique civilization, making it flourish and making it more attractive to other people in the world.

==6. Die chinesische Führung hat vorgeschlagen, eine menschliche Schicksalsgemeinschaft und eine bessere Zukunft für die Menschheit aufzubauen. Die heutige Welt birgt das Risiko von Spaltung und Konfrontation. Welche Grundsätze sollten Ihrer Meinung nach beim Austausch von Zivilisationen in der heutigen Welt beachtet werden?==

中国领导人曾提出，要建立人类命运共同体，为人类创造更美好的未来。当今世界存在分裂和对抗的风险。你认为在当今世界的文明交流中应该遵守哪些原则？

Es ist positiv, dass sich China für die globale Zukunft einsetzt und an die Solidarität aller Menschen und aller Länder der Welt appelliert. Ich teile nicht die Ansicht, dass die Welt von heute mehr als früher von Spaltung und Konfrontation bedroht ist. Die größte Spaltung und Konfrontation hatten wir während der beiden Weltkriege und des Kalten Krieges. Heute haben wir eine viel stärker vernetzte und voneinander abhängige Welt. Und der Krieg wird niemals akzeptiert: Auch wenn er im Nachhinein eine Veränderung zum Besseren bewirken kann, und dieses Gute kommt als Tribut an die Toten, müssen die Lebenden weiterleben, um der Toten willen.

中国正在为全球的未来而努力，呼吁世界上所有的人和所有的国家团结起来，这是积极的。我不同意这样的观点：今天的世界比过去更受分裂和对抗的威胁。在两次世界大战和冷战期间，我们有最大的分裂和对抗。今天，我们有一个更加相互联系和相互依赖的世界。而战争永远不被接受：即使战争之后可能真的带来了一个美好的变化，而这些美好是来祭奠死去的人，活着的人要继续活下去，为了死去的人。

Wir haben bereits eine Menge erreicht: Wir haben die Sklaverei, die Kolonialisierung usw. überwunden und es ist uns gelungen, Wissen zwischen dem Westen und dem Osten auszutauschen und alle von der Modernisierung und dem technischen Fortschritt profitieren zu lassen.

我们已经取得了很多成就：我们已经克服了奴隶制、殖民化等问题，我们已经成功地在东西方间交流知识，让每个人都从现代化和技术进步中受益。

Die Prinzipien für den Austausch der Zivilisationen in der heutigen Welt sollten sein: Der deutsche Philosoph und Frühsozialist Karl Marx hat propagiert, dass die Kategorie der Nationen obsolet wird, wir sollten zuerst dem Menschen dienen und ihn mit einer globalen gesellschaftlichen Infrastruktur versorgen.

当今世界文明交流的原则应该是：德国哲学家和早期社会主义者卡尔·马克思宣传到，国家的类别正在变得过时，我们应该首先为人类服务，并为他提供一个全球性的社会基础设施。

In einem freien Umfeld, in dem alle Menschen und jedes menschliche Wesen in einer sauberen Umwelt leben und ihre Freiheiten ausüben können, solange sie die Freiheiten anderer nicht behindern, spielen Kulturen und Zivilisationen eine wichtige Rolle für die Identität und Verwurzelung der Menschen. Die reiche chinesische Kultur, die reiche Geschichte und die reichen Werte sind nicht nur mit den internationalen menschlichen Werten vereinbar, sondern sie zielen sogar auf dasselbe ab. Jeder Mensch sollte die Freiheit haben, sich in der Kultur zu entfalten, die ihm am besten gefällt. Ich schlage vor, dass, solange wir noch das Konzept der Nationen haben, jeder Mensch auf der Welt, der Chinese sein möchte, ein "kultureller Chinese" werden darf und jeder Mensch auf der Welt, der Franzose, US-Amerikaner oder Deutscher sein möchte, ein "kultureller Franzose", ein "kultureller US-Amerikaner" usw. werden darf.

在一个自由的环境中，所有的人和每个人都可以生活在一个干净的环境中，只要不妨碍他人的自由，就可以行使自己的自由，文化和文明在人们的身份和根基方面发挥着重要作用。中国丰富的文化、丰富的历史和丰富的价值观，不仅与国际人类价值观相通，甚至目标一致。每个人都应该有在最适合自己的文化中发展的自由。我建议，只要我们还有国家的概念，就应该允许世界上每个想做中国人的人成为 "文化中国人"，允许世界上每个想做法国人、美国人或德国人的人成为 "文化法国人"、"文化美国人"，等等。

Wir müssen die Teilung der Welt in zwei Blöcke, die so genannten autoritären Länder und die so genannten Demokratien, überwinden. Stattdessen stehen alle Länder vor den gleichen Herausforderungen: der Kampf gegen COVID und andere Pandemien, der Schutz der Umwelt, der Kampf gegen Korruption, die Bekämpfung der Armut, das Streben nach mehr Freiheit für ihre Bürger, mehr Rechtsstaatlichkeit, Menschenrechte usw. Manche Länder schneiden ihren Bürgern die Zehen ab, damit sie in ihre Schuhe passen. Wenn wir jedem Volk und jedem Menschen erlauben, seine eigenen passenden Schuhe, seine eigene kulturelle Identität zu wählen, müssen keine Zehen mehr abgeschnitten werden. Wenn jeder die Freiheit hat, sein eigenes Kulturland zu wählen, kann er stattdessen eine tiefere und deutlichere Bindung zu seinem Geburtsland haben.

我们必须克服把世界分成两个集团的做法——即所谓的专制国家和所谓的民主国家。相反，所有国家都面临同样的挑战：抗击COVID和其他流行病，保护环境，打击腐败，消除贫困，为公民争取更多的自由，更多的法治，人权等等。有些国家为了穿上鞋子，把公民的脚趾砍掉。如果我们允许每个国家和每个人选择他们自己合适的鞋子，他们自己的文化身份，就没有必要砍掉脚趾。当大家都被允许自由选择文化的自身祖国，可能反而会有更深更明确的感情对于自己出生的国家。

Da die heutige Welt von Nationen regiert wird, stehen diese Nationen vor gemeinsamen globalen Herausforderungen. Die größten Länder verursachen die größte Umweltverschmutzung und haben die größte Verantwortung. Es gibt auch einige Länder, die die internationale Weltordnung, die internationale Sicherheitsarchitektur und die Souveränität anderer Länder nicht respektieren, sondern ihr Territorium ausweiten. Gegen diese Länder muss die Weltgemeinschaft mit einer Koalition der Solidarität vorgehen.

由于今天的世界是由国家管理的，这些国家面临着共同的全球挑战。最大的国家造成的污染最多，责任也最大。也有一些国家不尊重国际世界秩序、国际安全架构和其他国家的主权，扩张自己的领土。正是针对这些国家，国际社会必须以团结的联盟采取行动。

===6. The Chinese leadership has proposed to build a human community of destiny and a better future for mankind. Today's world carries the risk of division and confrontation. What principles do you think should be observed in the exchange of civilizations in today's world?===

It is positive, that China engages for the global future and appeals to the solidarity of all people and all countries in the world. I do not share the view that today's world bears more risk than before of division and confrontation. The biggest division and confrontation we had were the two world wars and the cold war. Today we have a much more connected and interdependent world. And war is never accepted: even though the war may actually bring a wonderful change afterwards, and these beauties come to pay tribute to the dead, the living have to continue living, for the sake of the dead.

We have already achieved a lot: We have overcome slavery, colonialization etc. and we have managed to exchange knowledge between the West and the East and to let everybody benefit from modernization and technological progress.

The principles for the exchange of civilizations in todays world should be: The German philosopher and early social scientist Karl Marx has propagated, that the category of nations will become obsolete, we should serve the human being first and supply him with a global societal infrastructure.

In a free setting, where all people and every human being can live in a clean environment and pursue their freedoms as long as they do not hinder the freedoms of others, cultures and civilizations play an important role for identity and rooting people. The Chinese rich culture, rich history and rich values are not only compatible with international human values, but they are actually targeting the same. Every human being should be free to grow in the culture he or she likes most. I suggest that as long as we still have the concept of nations, every human being in the world who wants to be Chinese, should be allowed to become a "cultural Chinese" and every human being in the world who wants to be French, US-American or German should be allowed to become a "cultural French", a "cultural US-American" etc.

We have to overcome the division of the world into two blocks, the so-called authoritative countries and the so-called democracies. Instead, all countries face the same challenges: the fight against COVID and other pandemics, the protection of the environment, the fight against corruption, the alevation of poverty, the strive for more freedom of their citizens, more rule-of-law, human rights etc. Some countries cut the toes of their citizens to make them fit into the shoes. If we allow each people and each human being to choose their own fitting shoes, their own cultural identity, not toes need to be cut any more.

Since today's world is ruled by nations, these nations face common global challenges. The biggest countries produce the biggest pollution and have the biggest responsibilities.
There are also some countries who do not respect the international world order, the international security architecture, and the souvereignty of other countries but expand their territories. These countries need to be addressed with a coalition of solidarity by the world community.

2022 Interview by Xinhua She

2022-06-18T13:51:50Z

You Tianwei: /* 4. Sie haben die chinesische Literatur und Kultur als westlicher Sinologe studiert. Wie sehen Sie den gegenseitigen Einfluss und das gegenseitige Lernen der chinesischen und westlichen Kulturen seit dem 19. Jahrhundert? */

Back to [[JM]] overview page.

=Interview=

==1. Warum interessieren Sie sich für die Übersetzung chinesischer Literatur, insbesondere zeitgenössischer chinesischer Literatur? Wie begann die Story? ==
您如何踏上翻译中国文学、特别是中国现当代文学的学术道路？什么样的兴趣促使您持之以恒进行相关研究？

Meinen ersten Kontakt mit chinesischer Kultur hatte ich als Gymnasiast, als ich am Lyriker-Treffen Münster 1987 teilnahm.

我与中国文学的第一次亲密接触还是在我读高中的时候：我参加了在明斯特举办的一场诗歌朗诵会，那是1987年。

Der chinesische Dichter Lü Yuan fesselte mich mit seinen Gedichten, und er berichtete vom Auf und Ab des Lebens in China, mal war er ein gefeierter Nationaldichter, mal ein Feind des Volkes.

绿原的诗深深的吸引了我，他还讲述了在中国跌宕起伏的生平：有时他是一位著名的有代表性的中国诗人，有时他又成为了人民的敌人。

Als die chinesische Delegation unter Leitung von Lü Yuan mein Interesse an China bemerkte, erhielt ich von ihr einen Bambuspinsel und Tuschestein und die Ermutigung, Chinesisch zu lernen und ihm dann auf Chinesisch einen Brief zu schreiben.

绿原和他的口譯注意到我对中国的兴趣，绿原送了我一支毛笔和一个砚台，并且鼓励我学习中文，然后用中文给他写信。

Ich habe Lü Yuan mehrere Briefe geschrieben, aber nie mit dem Pinsel, da ich, als ich Chinesisch anfing zu lernen, auch gelernt habe, dass die chinesische Ehrfurcht es verbietet, sich gegenüber seinem Lehrer damit zu brüsten, man habe "Chinesisch gelernt". Tatsächlich ist das Chinesisch-Lernen ein lebenslanger Prozess.

我给绿原写了几封信，但是从来没有用毛笔写过，当我开始学习中文，我还了解到，中国人的敬畏之心禁止向老师吹嘘自己“学会了中文“。事实上，学习汉语是一辈子的事情。

Nach einem Jahr Chinesisch-Studium an der Ruhr-Universität Bochum fiel mir auf, dass der chinesische Roman "Traum der Roten Kammer" nur zu einem Drittel ins Deutsche übersetzt war (zusammengezogen zu 40 Kapiteln).

在波鸿鲁尔大学学习了一年中文后，我注意到中国古典小说《红楼梦》只有三分之一被翻译成德文（缩写为40个章回）。

So setzte ich mich als junger Student daran, mit Wörterbuch und chinesischen Freunden, den Roman neu zu übersetzen und blieb dafür oft bis spät abends in der Bibliothek.

因此，当时还是年轻学生的我带着字典，和中国朋友开始重新翻译这部小说，经常在图书馆待到很晚。

Nach 17 Jahren erschien dann die Übersetzung des Romans, bei der ich mich mit einem erfahrenen Übersetzer zusammengetan habe.

在17年后，小说的译本出现了，这部译本是我与一位经验丰富的译者合作。

Aber auch nach der ersten Auflage ließ mich der Roman nicht los und ich nahm stetig Verbesserungen vor, so dass ich derzeit an der vierten Auflage sitze. Tatsächlich erscheint mir auch das Übersetzen ein lebenslanger Prozess.

但即使在第一版之后，这部小说也没有让我停止脚步，我一步一步地修改，目前正在进行第四版的修改。事实上，在我看来，翻译也是一个终生的事业。

Als ich dann als junger Student an der Peking-Universität war, las ich die Kurzgeschichte "Zäher Brei" von Wang Meng und übersetzte diese zusammen mit meinen Kommilitonen.

当我还是北京大学读书的时候，我读了王蒙的短篇小说《坚硬的稀粥》，并和我的同学们一起翻译了它。

Dann empfing mich auch Wang Meng persönlich zuhause.

之后，王蒙还亲自邀请我去他家里做客。

So kam ich zur chinesischen Literatur der Gegenwart.

就这样，我走进了中文当代文学。

Im Studium der "modernen und gegenwärtigen chinesischen Literatur" an der Peking-Universität lernte ich viele andere Schriftsteller näher kennen und beschäftigte mich sowohl mit renommierten Schriftstellern wie Lu Xun und Ba Jin, wie auch rebellischen wie Wang Shuo, Mian Mian, später Han Han, und schließlich mit Schriftstellern, die vielleicht im Ausland berühmter sind als in China wie Zhang Ailing und Bei Dao.

在北京大学的 "中国现当代文学的学习中，我对许多的其他作家有了更多的了解：既不断研读鲁迅、巴金这样的著名作家的作品，也和王朔、绵绵、后来的韩寒这样的时代叛逆者打交道，最后还对张爱玲、北岛这样在国外可能比国内更有名的作家有自己的理解。

Bis heute sitze ich eigentlich immer an irgendeiner Übersetzung chinesischer Gegenwartsliteratur. Es ist eine faszinierende Welt, die ich nicht nur für mich und meine Leser erschlossen habe, sondern auch für junge Übersetzerinnen und Übersetzer aus Deutschland, die sich in meiner Übersetzer-Werkstatt zusammengefunden haben und die jährliche Zahl der Übersetzung chinesischer Literaturwerke insgesamt etwa verdoppelt haben.

时至今日，我其实一直坐在一些中国当代文学的译本前。这是一个迷人的世界，我不仅为自己和我的读者开辟了这个世界，也为来自德国的年轻译者开辟了这个世界，他们在我的译者工作室里聚在一起，每年翻译的中国文学作品总数大约比过去翻了一番。

===1. Why are you interested in translating Chinese literature, especially contemporary Chinese literature? How did the story begin? ===

I had my first contact with Chinese culture as a high school student when I attended the Münster Poets' Meeting in 1987. The Chinese poet Lü Yuan captivated me with his poems, and he told of the ups and downs of life in China, sometimes a celebrated representative national poet, sometimes an enemy of the people. When the Chinese delegation led by Lü Yuan noticed my interest in China, I received from them a bamboo brush and ink stone and encouragement to learn Chinese and then write a letter in Chinese. I wrote several letters to Lü Yuan, but never with the brush, because when I started learning Chinese, I also learned that Chinese reverence forbids boasting to one's teacher that one has "learned Chinese." In fact, learning Chinese is a lifelong process.

After a year of studying Chinese at the Ruhr University in Bochum, I noticed that only a third of the Chinese novel "Dream of the Red Chamber" had been translated into German (condensed into 40 chapters). So, as a young student, I set about re-translating the novel with the help of a dictionary and Chinese friends, often staying late at night in the library to do so. After 17 years, the novel was published, for which I teamed up with an experienced translator. But even after the first edition, the novel did not let go of me and I steadily made improvements, so that I am currently sitting on the fourth edition. In fact, translating also seems to me to be a lifelong process.

Then, when I was a young student at Peking University, I read the short story "Tough Porridge" by Wang Meng and translated it together with my fellow students. Then Wang Meng also received me personally at home. This is how I came to study contemporary Chinese literature. In the study of "modern and contemporary Chinese literature" at Peking University, I got to know many other writers more closely and dealt with both renowned writers such as Lu Xun and Ba Jin, as well as rebellious ones such as Wang Shuo, Mian Mian, later Han Han, and finally with writers who are perhaps more famous abroad than in China such as Zhang Ailing and Bei Dao.

To this day, I'm actually always sitting on some translation of contemporary Chinese literature. It is a fascinating world that I have opened up not only for myself and my readers, but also for young translators from Germany, who have come together in my translators' workshop and have roughly doubled the total annual number of translations of Chinese literary works.

==2. Welche chinesische Kultur haben Sie während Ihrer Forschung erlebt? Was gefällt Ihnen daran am besten?==
您在研究中感受到了哪些中国文化？当中最吸引您的是什么？

Die chinesische Kultur hat seit mehr als einem Jahrtausend seine Beamten für alle Staatsfunktionen über ein meritokratisches Prüfungssystem (科举) ausgewählt, bei dem es in erster Linie um die Kenntnis der 5 Klassiker (später auch der 4 Bücher), aber auch um philosophisches Verständnis und ein Gefühl für Literatur ging. Dies zeigt die besondere Stellung der Literatur in der Gesellschaft. Die Beamten waren häufig im Rahmen eines Rotationssystems beschäftigt. Dies sind weltweit leuchtende Vorbilder. Sowohl das heutige China wie auch die ganze Welt kann von dieser traditionsreichen Kultur lernen.

一千多年来，中国文化通过任人唯贤的考试制度（科举）为国家职能部门选拔官员，主要是关于四书五经（一开始只有五经），但也包括哲学理解和对文学的欣赏。这表明文学在社会中的特殊地位。公务员往往是以轮换制的方式被聘用。这些都是全世界值得炫耀的榜样。今天的中国和整个世界都可以从这种富有传统的文化中学习。

Ich liebe chinesische Kalligraphie, Literatur, Philosophie, Malerei, Musik und Opern, Feste, Kleidung, Küche und Volksbräuche sowie die vielen Facetten der chinesischen Handwerkskunst wie das Knoten flechten, Papierschnitte, Porzellan, Löwentanz, Schattenspiel. Es ist immer spannend, Parallelen und Unterschiede mit anderen Kulturen festzustellen.

我喜欢中国的书法、文学、哲学、绘画、音乐和戏曲、节日、服装、美食和民俗，以及中国手工艺的许多方面，如编织结、剪纸、瓷器、舞狮、皮影戏。找到与其他文化的相似之处和不同之处总是令人激动。

Die chinesische Kultur war immer dann am stärksten, wenn sie sich nach außen geöffnet hat. In der Tang-Dynastie kam es zu einer bis heute unerreichten Blüte der shi-Lyrik. Auch die Willkommenskultur gegenüber europäischen Missionaren im Mittelalter, die Verwestlichung durch Übersetzungen, Erziehung und Reisen, die Reform- und Öffnungspolitik in den 1980er Jahren hat China sehr geholfen. Die letzte Reform- und Öffnungspolitik war auch die Grundlage für den 40 Jahre anhaltenden Wirtschaftsboom. Heute steht die chinesische Kultur auf der Bühne der Welt.

中国文化在向外界开放时总是最强大的。唐朝的诗词绝句，至今无人能及。明清对欧洲传教士来访的接受传统，通过翻译、教育和旅行实现的西化，以及20世纪80年代的改革开放政策也对中国有很大帮助。最后的改革开放政策也是持续了40年经济繁荣的基础。今天，中国文化已经登上了世界舞台。

Wenn sie auch dort erfolgreich sein will, so kann sie das am besten, wenn sie sich wieder fremden Einflüssen öffnet und nicht versucht, unabhängig und isoliert zu sein. Natürlich kann China heute viel eigenständiger sein als noch vor einigen Jahrzehnten und viele sprechen heute von "Decoupling". Ich denke aber, dass nur der Kulturaustausch und die Öffnung nach außen langfristig eine Win-Win-Situation für China und den Rest der Welt sein kann.

如果想再次获得成功，中国可以继续拥抱外来文化，而不是试图独立和孤立，这样就很好。当然，今天的中国可以比几十年前更加独立，今天很多人都在谈论 "脱钩"。但我认为，从长远来看，只有文化交流和对外开放才能成为中国和世界其他国家的双赢局面。

Ein weiteres interessantes Kulturphänomen in China ist die Reduktion von Inhalt bei gleichzeitiger Steigerung der Ästhetik. Beispielhaft dafür möchte ich die chinesischen Schriftzeichen nennen.

中国另一个有趣的文化现象是内容的减少与审美的同步增加，象形的汉字就是典型的例子。

Natürlich haben auch viele kulturelle Elemente in China ihre Schattenseiten. So gibt es Gastfreundschaft und die Tradition, sich gegenseitig etwas zu schenken, aber auch die Übertreibung des Schenkens, was dann zu Korruption führt, gegen die dann politische Maßnahmen ergriffen werden müssen.

当然，中国的许多文化元素也有其灰面。例如，有好客和送礼的传统，但也有过于夸张的赠送现象，这就导致了腐败，然后必须采取政治措施加以打击。

Auch die Tradition seit Mao Zedong, die Literatur und Kunst in den Dienst des Sozialismus zu stellen, hat ihre Schattenseiten, da sich die Literatur und Kunst so nicht so frei entwickeln konnte wie anderswo.

自毛泽东以来，将文学和艺术为社会主义服务的传统也有其弊端，因为它没有让文学和艺术像其他地方一样自由发展。

Auch der Trend zur Standardisierung und Vereinheitlichung von Kultur zu einer Leitkultur, etwa den chinesischen Schriftzeichen als Lingua Franca in Asien und dem Putonghua als lingua franca in China, hat eine lange Tradition in China.

文化的标准化和统一为主导文化的趋势，如汉字作为亚洲的通用语言，普通话作为中国的通用语言，在中国也有悠久的传统。

Qin Shihuangdis Standardisierung bei der Reichseinigung ist ein frühes Beispiel. Diese Standardisierung hat aber auch Schattenseiten, etwa wenn die Sprache, Kultur und Religion von Minderheiten so marginalisiert wird. Hier sollte man sich daran erinnern, dass die chinesische Kultur immer dann eine Blütezeit erlebte, wenn sie sich geöffnet und andere Einflüsse willkommen geheißen hat.

秦始皇在统一六国时做的“五个统一”（统一文字、货币、度量衡、车辙、语言）就是一个早期的例子。但这种标准化也有其弊端，比如少数民族的语言、文化和宗教会在这种方式下被边缘化。这里应该记住的是，中国文化总是在开放和欢迎其他影响的情况下蓬勃发展的。

===2. What Chinese culture did you experience during your research? What do you like most about it?===

您在研究中感受到了哪些中国文化？当中最吸引您的是什么？

For more than a millennium, Chinese culture has selected its officials for all state functions through a meritocratic examination system (科举), which primarily involved knowledge of the 5 classics (and later the 4 books), but also philosophical understanding and a sense of literature. This shows the special position of literature in society. Civil servants were often employed on a rotation system. These are shining examples worldwide. Both today's China and the whole world can learn from this culture rich in tradition.

一千多年来，中国文化通过任人唯贤的考试制度（科举）为国家职能部门选拔官员，主要是关于四书五经（一开始只有五经），但也包括哲学理解和对文学的欣赏。这表明文学在社会中的特殊地位。公务员往往是以轮换制的方式被聘用。这些都是全世界值得炫耀的榜样。今天的中国和整个世界都可以从这种富有传统的文化中学习。

I love Chinese calligraphy, literature, philosophy, painting, music and opera, festivals, clothing, cuisine and folk customs, as well as the many facets of Chinese crafts such as knot weaving, paper cutting, porcelain, lion dancing, shadow puppetry. It is always exciting to note parallels and differences with other cultures.

我喜欢中国的书法、文学、哲学、绘画、音乐和戏曲、节日、服装、美食和民俗，以及中国手工艺的许多方面，如编织结、剪纸、瓷器、舞狮、皮影戏。找到与其他文化的相似之处和不同之处总是令人激动。

Chinese culture has always been strongest when it has opened up to the outside world. The Tang Dynasty saw a flowering of shi poetry that is still unmatched today. China was also greatly helped by the welcoming culture towards European missionaries in the Middle Ages, westernization through translation, education and travel, and the reform and opening-up policy in the 1980s. The last reform and opening-up policy was also the basis for the economic boom that lasted for 40 years. Today, Chinese culture is on the world stage.

中国文化在向外界开放时总是最强大的。唐朝的诗词绝句，至今无人能及。明清对欧洲传教士来访的接受传统，通过翻译、教育和旅行实现的西化，以及20世纪80年代的改革开放政策也对中国有很大帮助。最后的改革开放政策也是持续了40年经济繁荣的基础。今天，中国文化已经登上了世界舞台。

If it wants to succeed there as well, the best way for it to do so is to reopen itself to foreign influences rather than trying to be independent and isolated. Of course, China can be much more independent today than it was a few decades ago, and many now talk about "decoupling." But I think only cultural exchange and opening up to the outside world can be a win-win situation for China and the rest of the world in the long run.

如果想再次获得成功，中国可以继续拥抱外来文化，而不是试图独立和孤立，这样就很好。当然，今天的中国可以比几十年前更加独立，今天很多人都在谈论 "脱钩"。但我认为，从长远来看，只有文化交流和对外开放才能成为中国和世界其他国家的双赢局面。

Another interesting cultural phenomenon in China is the reduction of content while increasing aesthetics. I would like to take Chinese characters as an example of this.

中国另一个有趣的文化现象是内容的减少与审美的同步增加。我想以汉字为例来说明这一点。

Of course, many cultural elements in China also have their downsides. For example, there is hospitality and the tradition of giving gifts to each other, but there is also the exaggeration of gift-giving, which then leads to corruption, against which political measures must then be taken.

当然，中国的许多文化元素也有其灰面。例如，有好客和送礼的传统，但也有过于夸张的赠送现象，这就导致了腐败，然后必须采取政治措施加以打击。

The tradition since Mao Zedong of putting literature and art at the service of socialism has also had its downsides, as this has prevented literature and art from developing as freely as elsewhere.

自毛泽东以来，将文学和艺术为社会主义服务的传统也有其弊端，因为它没有让文学和艺术像其他地方一样自由发展。

The trend of standardizing and unifying culture into a leading culture, such as Chinese characters as a lingua franca in Asia and Putonghua as a lingua franca in China, also has a long tradition in China.

文化的标准化和统一为主导文化的趋势，如汉字作为亚洲的通用语言，普通话作为中国的通用语言，在中国也有悠久的传统。

Qin Shihuangdi's standardization in empire unification is an early example. However, this standardization also has downsides, such as when the language, culture, and religion of minorities are thus marginalized. Here, it should be remembered that Chinese culture has always flourished when it has opened up and welcomed other influences.

==3. Was sind die Qualitäten der chinesischen Kultur und der chinesischen Zivilisation in Ihren Augen? Welche Bedeutung haben sie für die Welt?==

您眼中的中国文化和中华文明有哪些特质？它们对世界的意义是什么？

Die für Ausländer sichtbarsten und auffälligsten Qualitäten sind Respekt und Würde, die sich in den frühen philosophischen Texten, in den Tang-Gedichten, in den alltäglichen Praktiken der Gastfreundschaft, der Höflichkeit, in den raffiniert-ausdifferenzierten Praktiken des kulturellen Genusses und des Kulturkonsums in allen Aspekten wie Mode, Musik, Literatur, Theater, traditionellem Handwerk usw. zeigen. All diese kulturellen Errungenschaften sind für die Welt von großer Bedeutung, zumal sie 18,5% der Weltbevölkerung eine Identität verleihen und auch die Wechselwirkungen zwischen der chinesischen Kultur und anderen Kulturen prägen. Natürlich gibt es auch Orte, an denen diese Tradition des Respekts verletzt wird.

对外国人来说，最明显、最引人注目的特质是尊重和尊严。这可以在早期的哲学文本中看到，在唐诗中看到，在待人接物的日常实践中看到，在时尚、音乐、文学、戏剧、传统手工艺等各个方面的文化享受和消费的高雅差异化实践中看到。所有这些文化成就对世界来说都是非常重要的，特别是它们给了世界上18.5%的人口一个身份，同时也塑造了中国文化和其他文化之间的互动关系。当然，也有一些地方违反了这种尊重的传统。

Eine weitere Eigenschaft ist die Fähigkeit, sich anzupassen und flexibel zu sein. Als das China der Qing-Dynastie erkannte, dass Europa in Wissenschaft und Waffentechnik fortschrittlicher war, schickte es Studenten ins Ausland, richtete Schulen für westliche Bildung ein und holte den technologischen Rückstand innerhalb von 150 Jahren auf. Das Gleiche gilt für neue Erfindungen: Die neuen vier großen Erfindungen sind berühmt für ihre Umsetzung in China, wurden aber ursprünglich in den Vereinigten Staaten entwickelt und populär. Die Anpassungsfähigkeit in China bedeutet aber auch, dass die Produkte, die auf den Schultern westlicher Giganten entwickelt wurden, anspruchsvoller und fortschrittlicher sind. Heute wird bereits ein Großteil der Forschung und Entwicklung in China betrieben. Auch das Bildungssystem wird heute reformiert, indem die Noten in den Klassen 1-6 abgeschafft und mehr Wert auf Sport und Kreativität gelegt wird.

另一个特质是适应和灵活的能力。当清代中国意识到欧洲在科学和武器装备方面更先进时，它将学生送到国外，建立了西方教育的学校，并在150年内赶上了技术落后。新发明也是如此。新四大发明因其在中国的实施而闻名，但最初是在美国发展和推广的。但中国的适应性也意味着，在西方巨头的肩膀上开发的产品更加成熟和先进。今天，大部分的研究和开发已经在中国完成。如今，教育系统也在进行改革，取消了1-9年级的分数制，更加强调体育和创造力。

Eine weitere wichtige Eigenschaft ist die Friedfertigkeit. China hat in seiner gesamten Geschichte unvorstellbare Verluste erlitten, sowohl durch fremde Invasoren und Besatzer als auch durch Bürgerkriege oder Kriege zwischen verschiedenen Königreichen (Zeit der Streitenden Reiche) und Regionen (Warlords selbst noch in der Republikzeit) im heutigen China.

另一个重要的特质是爱好和平。中国在历史上遭受了难以想象的损失，既来自外国侵略者和占领者，也来自不同朝代或时期的内战，如：战国时期旷日持久的七雄争霸战争，以及二战后的“解放战争”。

Als Zheng He mit seiner Armada die Meere bereiste, beeindruckte das Ming-China andere Anrainerstaaten durch die schiere Größe und den Reichtum der Schiffe.

当郑和带着他的舰队出海时，明代中国以其船只的巨大规模和财富给其他沿海国家留下了深刻印象。

Wenn jedoch ein Herrscher die chinesische Vorherrschaft nicht akzeptierte, wie der König von Ceylon, nahm Zheng He ihn einfach gefangen. Die andere Seite der Geschichte ist also, dass die 7.000 Experten für Zivilhandwerk, die die Schiffe bemannten, gleichzeitig Soldaten waren. Auch heute noch verfügt China über das größte stehende Heer der Welt, verstärkt seine militärische Präsenz in Lateinamerika, Afrika, Europa und Asien, baut neue Inseln im Pazifik in der Nähe von Nachbarländern auf und hat eine dominierende Wirtschaftsmacht in der Welt.

然而，如果一个统治者不接受中国的统治，比如锡兰国王，郑和就直接俘虏了他。因此，故事的另一面是，在船上操作的7000名民间工艺专家也是士兵。今天，中国仍然拥有世界上最大的常备军，在拉丁美洲、非洲、欧洲和亚洲增加军事存在，在太平洋靠近邻国的地方建造新的岛屿，并在世界范围内拥有主导的经济力量。

Obwohl dies in den Augen des Auslands auf den ersten Blick aggressiv wirkt, hat China international anerkannte Narrative des friedlichen Aufstiegs, der gegenseitigen Achtung der Souveränität und der Nichteinmischung in innenpolitische Angelegenheiten etabliert.

虽然在外国看来，这似乎具有侵略性，但中国已经建立了国际公认的和平崛起、相互尊重主权和不干涉内政的战略政策。

Auf dem Platz des Himmlischen Friedens steht geschrieben: "Es lebe die große Einheit der Völker der Welt". Die Weltgemeinschaft ist ein Ideal, die Grenze einer idealen Gesellschaft, und um sie zu erreichen, muss zuallererst das chinesische Volk selbst geeint sein.

天安门上写着“世界人民大团结万岁”，世界大同是一个理想，一个理想社会的极限，要说实现世界大同，首先中国人民自己需要团结。

In China gilt das Prinzip „he er bu tong“, und so gibt es die lange Tradition der Throneingaben, was eine friedliche Gemeinschaft auf allen Ebenen ermöglichte, auch wenn die Menschen unterschiedlicher Meinung waren. Das Prinzip, dass die Partei in allen Aspekten der Gesellschaft in der Neuen Ära Chinas führend ist, ist auch ein Prinzip, das Unruhen, Gewalt und sogar die Sichtbarkeit von Konflikten oder unterschiedlichen Meinungen verhindert. Die Kehrseite der Medaille ist natürlich, dass die Regierung diesen Frieden und die soziale Stabilität mit eiserner Hand gegen Dissidenten, Separatisten und Terroristen durchsetzt.

中国历史上有“谏言”传统，“合而不同”是一个原则，即使人们有不同意见，也可以在各个层面上建立和平的社会。在新时代的中国，党领导下的社会各方面基本原则也是防止动乱、暴力、以及冲突或不同意见的可见性。当然，硬币的另一面是，政府以铁腕的方式维持这种和平和社会稳定，打击持不同政见者、分裂分子和恐怖分子。

Eine weitere Eigenschaft ist Geduld und Ausdauer. Im Laufe der Geschichte hat China fast ein Jahrtausend lang unter fremder Besatzung gelitten. Sogar das heutige Gesellschaftssystem stammt von Karl Marx, einem Deutschen. Unabhängig von den Umständen waren die Chinesen immer in der Lage, ihr Leben gemäß ihrer traditionellen Kultur zu leben und in verschiedenen Kulturbereichen höchste Perfektion zu erreichen. Wer kann schon mit chinesischem Porzellan, Kalligraphie, traditioneller Landschaftsmalerei, Tang-Dichtung usw. konkurrieren?

另一个特质是耐心和毅力。纵观历史，中国在外国占领下遭受了近一千年的痛苦。即使是今天的社会制度，也起源于德国人卡尔·马克思。无论在什么情况下，中国人总是能够按照他们的传统文化来生活，并在各个文化领域达到最高的完美程度。谁能与中国的瓷器、书法、传统山水画、唐诗等竞争？

Ein weiterer Grundsatz ist das Verständnis und die Praxis des Wortes "Rechtschaffenheit", einer der offensichtlichsten Charakterzüge der Chinesen. Qu Yuans wütender Sprung in den Miluo-Fluss ist Rechtschaffenheit; Chen Dieyis Selbstmord am Ende von "Lebewohl, meine Konkubine" ist Rechtschaffenheit; Wang Jiazhis Aufforderung an Herrn Yi, am Ende von "Vorsicht, Lust" wegzulaufen, ist Rechtschaffenheit. Rechtschaffenheit hat mit tiefen Gefühlen zu tun, Rechtschaffenheit ist nicht Leichtsinn, sondern der Mut, zu wissen, dass man es nicht tun kann.

“义”字的理解和践行，是中国人另一个较为明显的特质。屈原怒跳汨罗江，是义；霸王别姬最后陈蝶衣的自刎，是义；色戒最后王佳芝让易先生快跑，是义。义是和深刻的感情相关，义不是鲁莽，而是明知不可为而为之的勇敢。

Tief verwurzelt im chinesischen Volk ist auch die Sehnsucht nach Gerechtigkeit. Wie können Regierungsbeamte die riesigen Devisenreserven, die von den Arbeitern verdient werden, die eine Schraube nach der anderen anbringen, nach Belieben verschleudern? Ist es nicht selbstverständlich, die Korruption zu bekämpfen, und nicht als politische Errungenschaft, mit der man sich rühmen kann, was völlig ungerechtfertigt ist.

深植于中国人民内心的还有对正义的渴望。大量的外汇储备，是工人一个螺丝一个螺丝安装赚出来的，政府官员又怎么能去随意挥霍？反腐难道不是天经地义，而不是作为一个政绩来吹嘘，这是完全没有道理的。

Anstatt über die Bedeutung von Qualitäten für die Welt zu sprechen, sollten wir zuerst über die Bedeutung von Qualitäten für China selbst nachdenken. Es ist möglich, ein verantwortungsvoller Mensch zu sein, wenn man mehr an sich selbst denkt. Das Gleiche gilt für das Land.

与其说，特质对于世界的意义，不如先想想，特质对于中国自身的意义。更多的考虑自身，才可能成为一个负责任的人。国家亦是如此。

===3. What are the qualities of Chinese culture and civilization in your eyes? What is their significance for the world?===
The qualities most visible and striking for foreigners are the respect and dignity, which can be seen in the early philosophical texts, in the Tang poems, in everyday practices of hospitality, politeness, in the refined practises of cultural enjoyment and consumption in all aspects of culture like fashion, music, literature, dramas, traditional crafts etc. All of these cultural achievements are extremely important for the world, especially since they grant identity to 18.5% of the world population and also coin the interactions between the Chinese culture and other cultures. Of course there are also places, where this tradition of respect is violated.

One more quality is the ability to adapt and to be flexible. When Qing China realized that Europe was more advanced in sciences and weaponry, they send students abroad, set up schools for western learning, and within 150 years made up the technological gap. The same holds true for new inventions: The New Four Great Inventions are famous for their realization in China, but originally were developed and first became popular in the United States. However, the ability to adapt in China means also that the products developed on the shoulders of Western giants are more sophisticated and advanced. Today, a lot of Research and Development is already produced in China. Also the education system today is reformed by abandoning grades in grades 1-9 and by putting more emphasis on sports and creativity.

Another main quality is peacefulness. China has suffered unimaginable loss throughout all of her history, both by foreign invaders and occupants as well as by civil war or war among different kingdoms (e.g. in the Warring States period) and regions (during the dynasties until the Republican time) within today's China. When Zheng He travelled the seas with his armada, Ming China impressed other sea bordering countries by the sheer size and wealth of the boats. However, if a ruler did not accept the Chinese supremacy, like the king of Ceylon, Zheng He simply captured him. So the other side of the story is that the 7,000 experts in civil crafts manning the ships at the same time were soldiers. Even today, China has the largest standing army in the world, enhances military presence in Latin America, Africa, Europe and Asia and creates new islands in the pacific ocean close to neighbouring countries and also has a dominating economical power in the world. Although this looks aggressive in foreign eyes at first glance, China has established internationally renowned narratives of peaceful rise, mutual respect of souvereignty and non-interference in domestic issues. On Tiananmen Square, it is written "Long live the great unity of the world's people". The world commonwealth is an ideal, the limit of an ideal society, and to achieve it, first of all, the Chinese people themselves need to be united.

China has the old principle of "he er bu tong" and of "throne inputs", which allows a peaceful community at all levels even if people disagree. The principle, that the party leads in all aspects of society in the New Era of China, is also a principle that prevents riots, violence and even the visibility of conflicts or different opinions. The flip side of the medal of course is that the government enforces this peace and social stability with an iron hand on dissidents, separatists and terrorists.

Another quality is patience and endurance. Throughout history, China has suffered foreign occupation for almost a millenium. Even today's society system originated from Karl Marx, a German. Regardless under which circumstances, Chinese people were always able to live their lifes according to their traditional culture, and to achieve the highest perfection in different cultural branches. Who can compete with Chinese porcellain, calligraphy, traditional landscape painting, Tang poetry etc.?

Another principle is the understanding and practice of the word "righteousness" is one of the more obvious traits of the Chinese. Qu Yuan's angry jump into Miluo River is righteousness; Chen Dieyi's suicide at the end of Farewell My Concubine is righteousness; Wang Jiazhi's telling Mr. Yi to run away at the end of Lust Caution is righteousness. Righteousness is related to profound feelings, righteousness is not recklessness, but the bravery of knowing that it cannot be done.

Deeply rooted in Chinese people is also the longing for justice. How can government officials go about squandering the vast foreign exchange reserves, which are earned by workers installing one screw after another, at will? Isn't it natural to fight corruption, not as a political achievement to boast, which is completely unjustified.

Instead of talking about the significance of traits to the world, we should first think about the significance of traits to China itself. It is possible to be a responsible person by thinking more about oneself. The same is true for the country.

==4. Sie haben die chinesische Literatur und Kultur als westlicher Sinologe studiert. Wie sehen Sie den gegenseitigen Einfluss und das gegenseitige Lernen der chinesischen und westlichen Kulturen seit dem 19. Jahrhundert?==
您作为西方汉学家研究中国文学和文化。您如何看待19世纪以来中西方文化的相互影响和借鉴？

Zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts hatte China nach verschiedenen Berechnungen das größte Bruttoinlandsprodukt der Welt. Fortschritte bei Hygiene, medizinischer und sozialer Versorgung sowohl in Europa wie in China führten zu einer Bevölkerungsexplosion. Europa fand als Antwort darauf die Industrielle Revolution mit der industriellen Massenproduktion und der Effizienzsteigerung auch bei der Nahrungsmittelproduktion. Gleichzeitig löste sich Europa vom Joch der Religion und Wissenschaften, Bildung und moderne Staatsführung hielten mit der Französischen Revolution und Aufklärung Einzug in Europa. China konnte zwar die Erträge steigern, hatte aber begrenzte Anbaufläche und blieb so auf seiner Entwicklungsstufe stehen. Auch innerchinesische Reformbestrebungen bei der Staastführung blieben erfolglos.

根据各类统计，在19世纪初，中国的国内生产总值是世界上最高的。欧洲和中国在卫生、医疗和社会保障方面的进步导致了人口爆炸。作为回应，欧洲完成了工业革命，有了工业化大生产，食品生产的效率也提高了。与此同时，欧洲挣脱了宗教的枷锁，科学、教育和现代治理随着法国大革命和启蒙运动进入欧洲。中国能够提高产量，但可耕地有限，因此仍处于发展阶段。在中国境内改革国家领导层的努力也没有成功。

Auch wenn wir uns alle aus heutiger Sicht wünschen, dass das Öffnen des chinesischen Marktes und der Know-How Transfer aus Europa nach China ohne Gewalt stattgefunden hätte, hat China nur durch diese Öffnung in Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Staatsführung die Grundlagen für die heutige Stärke gelegt.

即使从今天的角度来看，我们都希望中国的市场开放和欧洲向中国的技术转移是在没有暴力的情况下进行的，但只有通过经济、科学和治理方面的这种开放，中国才为其目前的实力奠定了基础。

Im heutigen China gibt es das Narrativ der 180-jährigen Schmach und Schande, im heutigen Europa gibt es dieses Narrativ nicht, man relativiert die geringen Opferzahlen mit größeren Opferzahlen aus dem Antijapanischen Krieg und dem sog. „Befreiungskrieg“, man schätzt die stets reiche Kultur und Geschichte Chinas, die wenig von den kleinen Kolonien beeinflusst wurde. Vor dem 19. Jahrhundert war China ein idealisiertes fernes Land, hatte in der Chinoiserie sogar exotischen Kultstatus. Auch wenn Marx, Hegel und andere China nun aufgrund seiner Stagnation in einem negativen Licht darstellten, blieb China doch immer ein Land, dessen alte Weisheit man schätzte und in das Träume projiziert wurden. Unser heutiges Narrativ von den letzten 200 Jahren Beziehung mit China ist, dass wir stolz sind, durch Transfer von Technik, Know-How, Wissenschaft, Bildung und Staatsführung zur Modernisierung Chinas beigetragen zu haben. Während der auch nach China exportierte Sozialismus mit dem Ende des kalten Krieges und dem Fallen des Eisernen Vorhangs in Europa als Fehler der Geschichte angesehen wird, betrachtet man doch die Modernisierung in China als Teil eines globalen Phänomens. Den Ethnozentrismus hat man in Europa weitgehend überwunden, man hat auch seine Vergangenheit bewältigt und den Weg des friedlichen, gleichberechtigten Miteinanders verschiedener Völker, Kulturen und Sprachen gefunden. Ja, in Europa lösen sich Staatsgrenzen auf, die Unterscheidung zwischen Rassen und Ethnien gilt als unwissenschaftlich und selbst die Unterscheidung von Geschlechtern wird relativiert.

中国有180多年的被侵略的历史，但欧洲人不了解这段历史，他们认为，与抗日战争和所谓的 "解放战争 "所造成的大量受害者相比，受害者的人数较少，觉得中国一直都有很丰富的文化和历史，一些殖民地也较小。在19世纪之前，中国是一个理想化的遥远国度，甚至在中国风中具有异国情调的崇拜地位。即使马克思、黑格尔和其他人现在因为中国的停滞不前而对中国进行了负面描述，但中国始终是一个古老智慧被珍视的国家，梦想被投射到这个国家。我们今天对过去200年与中国关系的叙述是，我们为通过技术、知识、科学、教育和治理的转让为中国的现代化做出贡献而感到自豪。在欧洲，随着冷战的结束和铁幕的落下，社会主义也出口到中国，被视为历史的错误，而中国的现代化则被视为全球现象的一部分。欧洲在很大程度上克服了民族中心主义，也接受了自己的过去，并找到了不同民族、文化和语言的和平、平等共处的道路。是的，在欧洲，国界正在消解，种族和族裔群体之间的区别被认为是不科学的，甚至性别之间的区别也正在被相对化。

Während China anfangs vor allem durch Missionare, Übersetzungen und Auslandsstudium viel von Europa lernte, trat zwischenzeitlich ein neuer Spieler auf, auf den sich nunmehr die Hoffnungen und Träume von Europäern und Chinesen richteten: Die Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika. Gute chinesische und europäische Studierende wollen bis heute an amerikanische Universitäten, MacDonalds und amerikanische Kinofilme sind sicherlich nicht aufgrund ihrer Qualität, sondern schlicht aufgrund ihres Siegels "Made in USA" beliebt.

虽然中国最初从欧洲学到了很多东西，主要是通过传教士、翻译和留学，但在此期间出现了一个新的角色，欧洲人和中国人的希望和梦想现在都指向了他——美利坚合众国。中国和欧洲的优秀学生仍然想去美国的大学，麦当劳和美国电影受欢迎不是因为它们的质量，而只是因为它们有 "美国制造 "的标签。

Heute stellt sich die Welt in einer multipolaren Ordnung dar, China und die USA sind als Rivalen und gleichzeitig als Partner an die Spitze getreten, Putin kompensiert den Verlust des Großmachtsstatus mit blinder Aggression und Europa versucht, die Gemeinsamkeiten zu beschwören, indem es Pandemie-Bekämpfung und Umweltschutz auf die Tagesordnung gesetzt hat.

今天，世界呈现出多极化的秩序，中国和美国作为竞争对手同时也是合作伙伴，普京正在用盲目的侵略来弥补大国地位的损失，而欧洲正试图通过将大流行病控制和环境保护列入议程来寻求共同点。

Alle können von den ältesten Kulturen, wie der chinesischen, lernen, z.B. was die Bedeutung der Familie angeht. In der Staatsführung können auch China, die USA und Russland von Europa lernen, etwa wie man verschiedene Ethnien friedlich zusammenbringt und auf fossile Energien verzichtet. Auch bei der Armutsbekämpfung und einzelnen Umweltprojekten können alle von China lernen.

所有人都可以从最古老的文化中学习，例如中国人对家庭的重视。在国家治理方面，中国、美国和俄罗斯也可以向欧洲学习，例如，如何将不同的民族群体和平地团结在一起，如何不使用化石燃料。在与贫困作斗争和个人环境项目方面，每个人也可以向中国学习。

Ob die chinesische Kultur in der Zukunft weltweit beliebter wird, hängt vor allem von Chinas Entwicklung beim weltweiten Ranking in den Bereichen Korruption, Umweltschutz und Freiheit ab.

中国文化未来是否会在世界范围内更受欢迎，首先取决于中国在腐败、环境保护和自由方面的全球排名的发展。

===4. You have studied Chinese literature and culture as a Western sinologist. How do you see the mutual influence and learning of Chinese and Western cultures since the 19th century?===

At the beginning of the 19th century, China had the largest gross domestic product in the world, according to various calculations. Advances in hygiene, medical and social care in both Europe and China led to a population explosion. In response, Europe found the Industrial Revolution with industrial mass production and increased efficiency in food production as well. At the same time, Europe broke free from the yoke of religion and science, education and modern governance entered Europe with the French Revolution and Enlightenment. China was able to increase yields, but had limited arable land and thus remained at its stage of development. Intra-Chinese efforts to reform the state leadership were also unsuccessful.

Even if, from today's perspective, we all wish that the opening of the Chinese market and the transfer of know-how from Europe to China had taken place without violence, it was only through this opening in economy, science and governance that China laid the foundations for its current strength.

In China there is the master narrative of 180 years of shame and disgrace. In Europe, this is not the dominating narrative, instead one concentrates on wars with many more deaths and consequences like the Anti Japanese war and the civil war, the history and culture of China is seen as being always rich, not influenced much by the small colonies. Before the 19th century, China was an idealized distant land, even had exotic cult status in Chinoiserie. Even though Marx, Hegel, and others now portrayed China in a negative light because of its stagnation, China always remained a country whose ancient wisdom was cherished and into which dreams were projected. Our narrative today of the last 200 years of relationship with China is that we are proud to have contributed to China's modernization through transfer of technology, know-how, science, education and governance. While socialism, which was also exported to China with the end of the Cold War and the fall of the Iron Curtain, is seen as a mistake of history in Europe, modernization in China is seen as part of a global phenomenon. Europe has largely overcome ethnocentrism, has come to terms with its past and has found the way to peaceful, equal coexistence of different peoples, cultures and languages. Yes, in Europe national borders are dissolving, the distinction between races and ethnic groups is considered unscientific, and even the distinction between genders is being relativized.

While China initially learned a lot from Europe, mainly through missionaries, translations and study abroad, a new player emerged in the meantime, on whom the hopes and dreams of Europeans and Chinese were now directed: The United States of America. Good Chinese and European students still want to go to American universities, MacDonalds and American movies are certainly popular not because of their quality, but simply because of their "Made in USA" seal.

Today, the world presents itself in a multipolar order, China and the U.S. have risen to the top as rivals and at the same time partners, Putin is compensating for the loss of great power status with blind aggression, and Europe is trying to invoke common ground by putting pandemic control and environmental protection on the agenda.

All can learn from the oldest cultures, such as China's, in terms of the importance of the family, for example. In governance, China, the U.S. and Russia can also learn from Europe, such as how to bring different ethnic groups together peacefully and how to abandon fossil fuels. Everyone can also learn from China in the fight against poverty and in individual environmental projects.

Whether Chinese culture will become more popular worldwide in the future depends above all on China's development in the global ranking in the areas of corruption, environmental protection and freedom.

==5. China modernisiert sich mit seinen eigenen Merkmalen. Was sind Ihrer Meinung nach die traditionellen Elemente von Chinas Modernisierung?==
中国在走有自己特色的现代化道路。你认为中国现代化中蕴含哪些传统要素？

Die Modernisierung im Allgemeinen findet überall auf der Welt statt. Sie ist der biologischen Evolution sehr ähnlich: Es gibt einen Wettbewerb, und die wirtschaftlichen Entwicklungen, die die beste Entwicklung ermöglichen, gewinnen. Es ist also richtig zu sagen, dass jedes Land seine eigenen Merkmale hat, und es ist auch richtig, dass sich alle Länder auf die eine oder andere Weise langfristig modernisieren.

世界各地在普遍的进行现代化建设。这与生物进化论非常相似：存在着竞争，能够实现最佳发展的经济发展体获胜。因此，说每个国家都有自己的特点是正确的，从长远来看，所有国家都会以这样或那样的方式进行现代化，这也是事实。

China hatte bereits seit der Qin-Dynastie ein hohes zivilisatorisches Niveau erreicht und verspürte keinen Druck zur Weiterentwicklung, bis die industrielle Revolution Europa vorauseilte. Als China erkannte, dass es sich weiterentwickeln musste, lernte es von Europa und behielt dennoch viel von seiner kulturellen Identität und seinen Traditionen. Als dieses größte Volk der Welt den Weg des wirtschaftlichen Aufschwungs einschlug, wurde China zur größten Volkswirtschaft der Welt.

自秦朝以来，中国已经达到了很高的文明水平，直到工业革命在欧洲发生之前，中国没有感到进一步发展的压力。当中国意识到它需要发展时，它向欧洲学习，但又保留了许多文化特性和传统。随着这个世界上最大的国家走上了经济发展的道路，中国成为世界上最大的经济体。

Nun ist die globale evolutionäre wirtschaftliche Entwicklung an einem Punkt angelangt, an dem sich die Prinzipien "Fortschritt um jeden Preis" und "wirtschaftlicher Gewinn auf Kosten der Umwelt" als Sackgasse erwiesen haben. Auch China hat begonnen, das Konzept des "moderaten Wachstums zur Erreichung moderaten Wohlstands" zu ändern und die "Wachstumswirtschaft" durch eine "Kreislaufwirtschaft" zu ersetzen. China hat Konzepte wie "erneuerbare Energie statt fossiler Energie" und "gemeinsame Wirtschaft statt Abfallwirtschaft" übernommen.

现在，全球进化型经济发展已经到了一个地步，"不惜代价的进步 "和 "以牺牲环境为代价的经济利益 "的原则已经被证明是一个死胡同。中国也开始改变 "适度增长，实现小康 "的概念，用 "循环经济 "取代 "增长经济"。中国采用了 "以可再生能源替代化石能源 "和 "以共享经济替代废物管理 "等概念。

Der chinesische Weg der Modernisierung in den letzten 40 Jahren folgt demselben Pfad wie die globale Modernisierung. Allerdings hat jedes Land seine eigenen Merkmale und ein einzigartiges Umfeld. China hat die größten Probleme in den Bereichen Korruption, Umweltverschmutzung, Schutz von Minderheitensprachen, -kulturen und -religionen, Rechtsstaatlichkeit, Schutz der Privatsphäre und der Freiheiten des Einzelnen usw., aber es war erfolgreich bei der Bekämpfung der Armut und der Anhebung des Lebensstandards der Menschen. Dies zeigt, dass der Weg nicht dadurch entstanden ist, dass immer mehr Menschen auf ihm marschieren, sondern durch eine Regierung, die den Weg vorgibt und bereit ist, sich die Wege anderer Nationen anzuschauen und von ihnen zu lernen, um einen Weg für China zu finden. Wie es im Text des deutschen Liedes "Dieser Weg" heißt: "Dieser Weg" ist nicht leicht, "dieser Weg" ist voller Dornen und Mühsal. (Dieser Weg wird nicht leichter sein, dieser Weg wird steinig und schwer.)

过去的40年里，中国的现代化道路与全球的现代化道路相同。然而，每个国家都有自己的特点和独特的环境。中国在腐败、污染、保护少数民族语言、文化和宗教、法治、保护隐私和个人自由等方面存在最大的问题，但它在消除贫困和提高人民生活水平方面是成功的。这表明，这条道路不是由越来越多的人在上面游行创造出来的，而是由一个政府制定的道路，并愿意看一看和学习其他国家的道路，为中国找到一条道路。正像德语歌《这条路（dieser Weg）》歌词唱的那样：“这条路”不轻松，“这条路”充满荆棘和艰辛。（Dieser Weg wird kein leichter sein, Dieser Weg wird steinig und schwer.）

Um zu verstehen, wer man heute ist, muss man seine Geschichte kennen. Deshalb ist es wichtig, die Geschichte in gemeinsamen Gremien mit anderen Ländern zu dokumentieren, um zu Schulbüchern zu kommen, die überall auf der Welt dasselbe lehren. Dazu gehört auch, sich der Erfolge und Misserfolge in der eigenen Geschichte bewusst zu werden und bereit zu sein, eigene Fehler einzugestehen. Deutschland hat diese schmerzhafte Vergangenheitsbewältigung bereits in Angriff genommen, China sollte folgen und Japan hat vielleicht noch den längsten Weg zu dieser Haltung vor sich. Nur wer seine eigenen Fehler eingestehen kann, kann wirkliche Würde und Größe erlangen. Bescheidenheit und Selbstkultivierung ist eine der ältesten chinesischen Traditionen, die auch von so unterschiedlichen Philosophen wie Konfuzius und Laozi propagiert wurde.

要了解今天的你是谁，你必须了解你的历史。这就是为什么在与其他国家的联合机构中，记录历史是很重要的，以便达成在全世界范围内教授相同内容的教科书。这也包括意识到自己历史上的成功和失败，并准备承认自己的错误。德国已经开始了这个与过去和解的痛苦过程，中国应该效仿，而日本要接受这个目标，也许还有最长的路要走。只有那些能够承认自己错误的人，才能获得真正的尊严和伟大。谦虚和自我修养是中国最古老的传统之一，也是由孔子和老子等不同的哲学家所宣传的。

Den Künsten und Geisteswissenschaften sowie dem menschlichen und kulturellen Austausch mit anderen Ländern mehr Raum zu geben, trägt dazu bei, die kulturelle Identität und das Selbstvertrauen in die eigene einzigartige Zivilisation zu fördern, sie zum Blühen zu bringen und sie für andere Menschen in der Welt attraktiver zu machen.

给予艺术和人文以及与其他国家的人文交流更多的空间，有助于促进文化认同和对自己独特的文明自信，使其蓬勃发展，对世界上其他国家更有吸引力。

===5. China is modernizing with its own characteristics. What do you think are the traditional elements of China's modernization?===

The modernization in general takes place all over the world. It is very much like biological evolution: There is competition and the economical developments which allow a the best development will win. So it is true to say that every country has its own characteristics and it is also true to say that all countries modernize in the one way or the other in the long run.

China had reached a high level of civilization already since Qin dynasty and did not experience pressure for further development until the Industrial Revolution brought Europe ahead. When China realized that it needed to develop further, it learned from Europe and still kept much of its cultural identity and traditions. Once this largest people of the world joined the path of economical boom, China became the largest economy in the world.

Now the global evolutionary economical development has come to a point, where the principles of "progress at all costs" and "economical profit on the cost of environmental pollution" have shown that they are a dead end. Also China has started to change the concept to "moderate growth to achieve moderate wealth" and to replace "growth economy" with "circle economy". China has adapted concepts of "renewable energy instead of fossile energy" and "shared economy instead of waste economy".

The Chinese way of modernization in the past 40 years follows the same path as global modernization. However, every country has its unique characteristics and a unique setting. China faces the biggest problems in corruption, pollution, protection of minority languages, cultures and religion, rule of law, protection of data privacy and freedoms of individuals etc. but it was successful in poverty allevation and the raise of living standard of the people. This shows that the path was not formed by more and more people marching on it, but by a government leading the way and being willing to look at the pathes of other nations to learn from them in order to find a way for China. As the lyrics of the German song "Dieser Weg" say: "This road" is not easy, "this road" is full of thorns and hardships. (Dieser Weg wird kein leichter sein, dieser Weg wird steinig und schwer.)

To understand who you are today, you need to know your history. Therefore it is important to document history in joint committees with other countries, to come to textbooks which teach the same all over the world. This includes to become aware of success stories and failures in your own history and to be willing to admit own mistakes. Germany has already undertaken this painful coming to terms with the past, China should follow and Japan may have the longest way to go to achieve this attitude. Only if you can admit your own mistakes, you can achieve real dignity and greatness. Humbleness and self-cultivation is one of the oldest Chinese traditions, also propagated by such different philosophers like Confucius and Laozi.

Giving more space to the arts and humanities and to human and cultural exchanges with other countries helps to foster cultural identity and self-confidence in one's own unique civilization, making it flourish and making it more attractive to other people in the world.

==6. Die chinesische Führung hat vorgeschlagen, eine menschliche Schicksalsgemeinschaft und eine bessere Zukunft für die Menschheit aufzubauen. Die heutige Welt birgt das Risiko von Spaltung und Konfrontation. Welche Grundsätze sollten Ihrer Meinung nach beim Austausch von Zivilisationen in der heutigen Welt beachtet werden?==

中国领导人曾提出，要建立人类命运共同体，为人类创造更美好的未来。当今世界存在分裂和对抗的风险。你认为在当今世界的文明交流中应该遵守哪些原则？

Es ist positiv, dass sich China für die globale Zukunft einsetzt und an die Solidarität aller Menschen und aller Länder der Welt appelliert. Ich teile nicht die Ansicht, dass die Welt von heute mehr als früher von Spaltung und Konfrontation bedroht ist. Die größte Spaltung und Konfrontation hatten wir während der beiden Weltkriege und des Kalten Krieges. Heute haben wir eine viel stärker vernetzte und voneinander abhängige Welt. Und der Krieg wird niemals akzeptiert: Auch wenn er im Nachhinein eine Veränderung zum Besseren bewirken kann, und dieses Gute kommt als Tribut an die Toten, müssen die Lebenden weiterleben, um der Toten willen.

中国正在为全球的未来而努力，呼吁世界上所有的人和所有的国家团结起来，这是积极的。我不同意这样的观点：今天的世界比过去更受分裂和对抗的威胁。在两次世界大战和冷战期间，我们有最大的分裂和对抗。今天，我们有一个更加相互联系和相互依赖的世界。而战争永远不被接受：即使战争之后可能真的带来了一个美好的变化，而这些美好是来祭奠死去的人，活着的人要继续活下去，为了死去的人。

Wir haben bereits eine Menge erreicht: Wir haben die Sklaverei, die Kolonialisierung usw. überwunden und es ist uns gelungen, Wissen zwischen dem Westen und dem Osten auszutauschen und alle von der Modernisierung und dem technischen Fortschritt profitieren zu lassen.

我们已经取得了很多成就：我们已经克服了奴隶制、殖民化等问题，我们已经成功地在东西方间交流知识，让每个人都从现代化和技术进步中受益。

Die Prinzipien für den Austausch der Zivilisationen in der heutigen Welt sollten sein: Der deutsche Philosoph und Frühsozialist Karl Marx hat propagiert, dass die Kategorie der Nationen obsolet wird, wir sollten zuerst dem Menschen dienen und ihn mit einer globalen gesellschaftlichen Infrastruktur versorgen.

当今世界文明交流的原则应该是：德国哲学家和早期社会主义者卡尔·马克思宣传到，国家的类别正在变得过时，我们应该首先为人类服务，并为他提供一个全球性的社会基础设施。

In einem freien Umfeld, in dem alle Menschen und jedes menschliche Wesen in einer sauberen Umwelt leben und ihre Freiheiten ausüben können, solange sie die Freiheiten anderer nicht behindern, spielen Kulturen und Zivilisationen eine wichtige Rolle für die Identität und Verwurzelung der Menschen. Die reiche chinesische Kultur, die reiche Geschichte und die reichen Werte sind nicht nur mit den internationalen menschlichen Werten vereinbar, sondern sie zielen sogar auf dasselbe ab. Jeder Mensch sollte die Freiheit haben, sich in der Kultur zu entfalten, die ihm am besten gefällt. Ich schlage vor, dass, solange wir noch das Konzept der Nationen haben, jeder Mensch auf der Welt, der Chinese sein möchte, ein "kultureller Chinese" werden darf und jeder Mensch auf der Welt, der Franzose, US-Amerikaner oder Deutscher sein möchte, ein "kultureller Franzose", ein "kultureller US-Amerikaner" usw. werden darf.

在一个自由的环境中，所有的人和每个人都可以生活在一个干净的环境中，只要不妨碍他人的自由，就可以行使自己的自由，文化和文明在人们的身份和根基方面发挥着重要作用。中国丰富的文化、丰富的历史和丰富的价值观，不仅与国际人类价值观相通，甚至目标一致。每个人都应该有在最适合自己的文化中发展的自由。我建议，只要我们还有国家的概念，就应该允许世界上每个想做中国人的人成为 "文化中国人"，允许世界上每个想做法国人、美国人或德国人的人成为 "文化法国人"、"文化美国人"，等等。

Wir müssen die Teilung der Welt in zwei Blöcke, die so genannten autoritären Länder und die so genannten Demokratien, überwinden. Stattdessen stehen alle Länder vor den gleichen Herausforderungen: der Kampf gegen COVID und andere Pandemien, der Schutz der Umwelt, der Kampf gegen Korruption, die Bekämpfung der Armut, das Streben nach mehr Freiheit für ihre Bürger, mehr Rechtsstaatlichkeit, Menschenrechte usw. Manche Länder schneiden ihren Bürgern die Zehen ab, damit sie in ihre Schuhe passen. Wenn wir jedem Volk und jedem Menschen erlauben, seine eigenen passenden Schuhe, seine eigene kulturelle Identität zu wählen, müssen keine Zehen mehr abgeschnitten werden. Wenn jeder die Freiheit hat, sein eigenes Kulturland zu wählen, kann er stattdessen eine tiefere und deutlichere Bindung zu seinem Geburtsland haben.

我们必须克服把世界分成两个集团的做法——即所谓的专制国家和所谓的民主国家。相反，所有国家都面临同样的挑战：抗击COVID和其他流行病，保护环境，打击腐败，消除贫困，为公民争取更多的自由，更多的法治，人权等等。有些国家为了穿上鞋子，把公民的脚趾砍掉。如果我们允许每个国家和每个人选择他们自己合适的鞋子，他们自己的文化身份，就没有必要砍掉脚趾。当大家都被允许自由选择文化的自身祖国，可能反而会有更深更明确的感情对于自己出生的国家。

Da die heutige Welt von Nationen regiert wird, stehen diese Nationen vor gemeinsamen globalen Herausforderungen. Die größten Länder verursachen die größte Umweltverschmutzung und haben die größte Verantwortung. Es gibt auch einige Länder, die die internationale Weltordnung, die internationale Sicherheitsarchitektur und die Souveränität anderer Länder nicht respektieren, sondern ihr Territorium ausweiten. Gegen diese Länder muss die Weltgemeinschaft mit einer Koalition der Solidarität vorgehen.

由于今天的世界是由国家管理的，这些国家面临着共同的全球挑战。最大的国家造成的污染最多，责任也最大。也有一些国家不尊重国际世界秩序、国际安全架构和其他国家的主权，扩张自己的领土。正是针对这些国家，国际社会必须以团结的联盟采取行动。

===6. The Chinese leadership has proposed to build a human community of destiny and a better future for mankind. Today's world carries the risk of division and confrontation. What principles do you think should be observed in the exchange of civilizations in today's world?===

It is positive, that China engages for the global future and appeals to the solidarity of all people and all countries in the world. I do not share the view that today's world bears more risk than before of division and confrontation. The biggest division and confrontation we had were the two world wars and the cold war. Today we have a much more connected and interdependent world. And war is never accepted: even though the war may actually bring a wonderful change afterwards, and these beauties come to pay tribute to the dead, the living have to continue living, for the sake of the dead.

We have already achieved a lot: We have overcome slavery, colonialization etc. and we have managed to exchange knowledge between the West and the East and to let everybody benefit from modernization and technological progress.

The principles for the exchange of civilizations in todays world should be: The German philosopher and early social scientist Karl Marx has propagated, that the category of nations will become obsolete, we should serve the human being first and supply him with a global societal infrastructure.

In a free setting, where all people and every human being can live in a clean environment and pursue their freedoms as long as they do not hinder the freedoms of others, cultures and civilizations play an important role for identity and rooting people. The Chinese rich culture, rich history and rich values are not only compatible with international human values, but they are actually targeting the same. Every human being should be free to grow in the culture he or she likes most. I suggest that as long as we still have the concept of nations, every human being in the world who wants to be Chinese, should be allowed to become a "cultural Chinese" and every human being in the world who wants to be French, US-American or German should be allowed to become a "cultural French", a "cultural US-American" etc.

We have to overcome the division of the world into two blocks, the so-called authoritative countries and the so-called democracies. Instead, all countries face the same challenges: the fight against COVID and other pandemics, the protection of the environment, the fight against corruption, the alevation of poverty, the strive for more freedom of their citizens, more rule-of-law, human rights etc. Some countries cut the toes of their citizens to make them fit into the shoes. If we allow each people and each human being to choose their own fitting shoes, their own cultural identity, not toes need to be cut any more.

Since today's world is ruled by nations, these nations face common global challenges. The biggest countries produce the biggest pollution and have the biggest responsibilities.
There are also some countries who do not respect the international world order, the international security architecture, and the souvereignty of other countries but expand their territories. These countries need to be addressed with a coalition of solidarity by the world community.

2022 Interview by Xinhua She

2022-06-18T13:49:24Z

You Tianwei: /* 2. Welche chinesische Kultur haben Sie während Ihrer Forschung erlebt? Was gefällt Ihnen daran am besten? */

Back to [[JM]] overview page.

=Interview=

==1. Warum interessieren Sie sich für die Übersetzung chinesischer Literatur, insbesondere zeitgenössischer chinesischer Literatur? Wie begann die Story? ==
您如何踏上翻译中国文学、特别是中国现当代文学的学术道路？什么样的兴趣促使您持之以恒进行相关研究？

Meinen ersten Kontakt mit chinesischer Kultur hatte ich als Gymnasiast, als ich am Lyriker-Treffen Münster 1987 teilnahm.

我与中国文学的第一次亲密接触还是在我读高中的时候：我参加了在明斯特举办的一场诗歌朗诵会，那是1987年。

Der chinesische Dichter Lü Yuan fesselte mich mit seinen Gedichten, und er berichtete vom Auf und Ab des Lebens in China, mal war er ein gefeierter Nationaldichter, mal ein Feind des Volkes.

绿原的诗深深的吸引了我，他还讲述了在中国跌宕起伏的生平：有时他是一位著名的有代表性的中国诗人，有时他又成为了人民的敌人。

Als die chinesische Delegation unter Leitung von Lü Yuan mein Interesse an China bemerkte, erhielt ich von ihr einen Bambuspinsel und Tuschestein und die Ermutigung, Chinesisch zu lernen und ihm dann auf Chinesisch einen Brief zu schreiben.

绿原和他的口譯注意到我对中国的兴趣，绿原送了我一支毛笔和一个砚台，并且鼓励我学习中文，然后用中文给他写信。

Ich habe Lü Yuan mehrere Briefe geschrieben, aber nie mit dem Pinsel, da ich, als ich Chinesisch anfing zu lernen, auch gelernt habe, dass die chinesische Ehrfurcht es verbietet, sich gegenüber seinem Lehrer damit zu brüsten, man habe "Chinesisch gelernt". Tatsächlich ist das Chinesisch-Lernen ein lebenslanger Prozess.

我给绿原写了几封信，但是从来没有用毛笔写过，当我开始学习中文，我还了解到，中国人的敬畏之心禁止向老师吹嘘自己“学会了中文“。事实上，学习汉语是一辈子的事情。

Nach einem Jahr Chinesisch-Studium an der Ruhr-Universität Bochum fiel mir auf, dass der chinesische Roman "Traum der Roten Kammer" nur zu einem Drittel ins Deutsche übersetzt war (zusammengezogen zu 40 Kapiteln).

在波鸿鲁尔大学学习了一年中文后，我注意到中国古典小说《红楼梦》只有三分之一被翻译成德文（缩写为40个章回）。

So setzte ich mich als junger Student daran, mit Wörterbuch und chinesischen Freunden, den Roman neu zu übersetzen und blieb dafür oft bis spät abends in der Bibliothek.

因此，当时还是年轻学生的我带着字典，和中国朋友开始重新翻译这部小说，经常在图书馆待到很晚。

Nach 17 Jahren erschien dann die Übersetzung des Romans, bei der ich mich mit einem erfahrenen Übersetzer zusammengetan habe.

在17年后，小说的译本出现了，这部译本是我与一位经验丰富的译者合作。

Aber auch nach der ersten Auflage ließ mich der Roman nicht los und ich nahm stetig Verbesserungen vor, so dass ich derzeit an der vierten Auflage sitze. Tatsächlich erscheint mir auch das Übersetzen ein lebenslanger Prozess.

但即使在第一版之后，这部小说也没有让我停止脚步，我一步一步地修改，目前正在进行第四版的修改。事实上，在我看来，翻译也是一个终生的事业。

Als ich dann als junger Student an der Peking-Universität war, las ich die Kurzgeschichte "Zäher Brei" von Wang Meng und übersetzte diese zusammen mit meinen Kommilitonen.

当我还是北京大学读书的时候，我读了王蒙的短篇小说《坚硬的稀粥》，并和我的同学们一起翻译了它。

Dann empfing mich auch Wang Meng persönlich zuhause.

之后，王蒙还亲自邀请我去他家里做客。

So kam ich zur chinesischen Literatur der Gegenwart.

就这样，我走进了中文当代文学。

Im Studium der "modernen und gegenwärtigen chinesischen Literatur" an der Peking-Universität lernte ich viele andere Schriftsteller näher kennen und beschäftigte mich sowohl mit renommierten Schriftstellern wie Lu Xun und Ba Jin, wie auch rebellischen wie Wang Shuo, Mian Mian, später Han Han, und schließlich mit Schriftstellern, die vielleicht im Ausland berühmter sind als in China wie Zhang Ailing und Bei Dao.

在北京大学的 "中国现当代文学的学习中，我对许多的其他作家有了更多的了解：既不断研读鲁迅、巴金这样的著名作家的作品，也和王朔、绵绵、后来的韩寒这样的时代叛逆者打交道，最后还对张爱玲、北岛这样在国外可能比国内更有名的作家有自己的理解。

Bis heute sitze ich eigentlich immer an irgendeiner Übersetzung chinesischer Gegenwartsliteratur. Es ist eine faszinierende Welt, die ich nicht nur für mich und meine Leser erschlossen habe, sondern auch für junge Übersetzerinnen und Übersetzer aus Deutschland, die sich in meiner Übersetzer-Werkstatt zusammengefunden haben und die jährliche Zahl der Übersetzung chinesischer Literaturwerke insgesamt etwa verdoppelt haben.

时至今日，我其实一直坐在一些中国当代文学的译本前。这是一个迷人的世界，我不仅为自己和我的读者开辟了这个世界，也为来自德国的年轻译者开辟了这个世界，他们在我的译者工作室里聚在一起，每年翻译的中国文学作品总数大约比过去翻了一番。

===1. Why are you interested in translating Chinese literature, especially contemporary Chinese literature? How did the story begin? ===

I had my first contact with Chinese culture as a high school student when I attended the Münster Poets' Meeting in 1987. The Chinese poet Lü Yuan captivated me with his poems, and he told of the ups and downs of life in China, sometimes a celebrated representative national poet, sometimes an enemy of the people. When the Chinese delegation led by Lü Yuan noticed my interest in China, I received from them a bamboo brush and ink stone and encouragement to learn Chinese and then write a letter in Chinese. I wrote several letters to Lü Yuan, but never with the brush, because when I started learning Chinese, I also learned that Chinese reverence forbids boasting to one's teacher that one has "learned Chinese." In fact, learning Chinese is a lifelong process.

After a year of studying Chinese at the Ruhr University in Bochum, I noticed that only a third of the Chinese novel "Dream of the Red Chamber" had been translated into German (condensed into 40 chapters). So, as a young student, I set about re-translating the novel with the help of a dictionary and Chinese friends, often staying late at night in the library to do so. After 17 years, the novel was published, for which I teamed up with an experienced translator. But even after the first edition, the novel did not let go of me and I steadily made improvements, so that I am currently sitting on the fourth edition. In fact, translating also seems to me to be a lifelong process.

Then, when I was a young student at Peking University, I read the short story "Tough Porridge" by Wang Meng and translated it together with my fellow students. Then Wang Meng also received me personally at home. This is how I came to study contemporary Chinese literature. In the study of "modern and contemporary Chinese literature" at Peking University, I got to know many other writers more closely and dealt with both renowned writers such as Lu Xun and Ba Jin, as well as rebellious ones such as Wang Shuo, Mian Mian, later Han Han, and finally with writers who are perhaps more famous abroad than in China such as Zhang Ailing and Bei Dao.

To this day, I'm actually always sitting on some translation of contemporary Chinese literature. It is a fascinating world that I have opened up not only for myself and my readers, but also for young translators from Germany, who have come together in my translators' workshop and have roughly doubled the total annual number of translations of Chinese literary works.

==2. Welche chinesische Kultur haben Sie während Ihrer Forschung erlebt? Was gefällt Ihnen daran am besten?==
您在研究中感受到了哪些中国文化？当中最吸引您的是什么？

Die chinesische Kultur hat seit mehr als einem Jahrtausend seine Beamten für alle Staatsfunktionen über ein meritokratisches Prüfungssystem (科举) ausgewählt, bei dem es in erster Linie um die Kenntnis der 5 Klassiker (später auch der 4 Bücher), aber auch um philosophisches Verständnis und ein Gefühl für Literatur ging. Dies zeigt die besondere Stellung der Literatur in der Gesellschaft. Die Beamten waren häufig im Rahmen eines Rotationssystems beschäftigt. Dies sind weltweit leuchtende Vorbilder. Sowohl das heutige China wie auch die ganze Welt kann von dieser traditionsreichen Kultur lernen.

一千多年来，中国文化通过任人唯贤的考试制度（科举）为国家职能部门选拔官员，主要是关于四书五经（一开始只有五经），但也包括哲学理解和对文学的欣赏。这表明文学在社会中的特殊地位。公务员往往是以轮换制的方式被聘用。这些都是全世界值得炫耀的榜样。今天的中国和整个世界都可以从这种富有传统的文化中学习。

Ich liebe chinesische Kalligraphie, Literatur, Philosophie, Malerei, Musik und Opern, Feste, Kleidung, Küche und Volksbräuche sowie die vielen Facetten der chinesischen Handwerkskunst wie das Knoten flechten, Papierschnitte, Porzellan, Löwentanz, Schattenspiel. Es ist immer spannend, Parallelen und Unterschiede mit anderen Kulturen festzustellen.

我喜欢中国的书法、文学、哲学、绘画、音乐和戏曲、节日、服装、美食和民俗，以及中国手工艺的许多方面，如编织结、剪纸、瓷器、舞狮、皮影戏。找到与其他文化的相似之处和不同之处总是令人激动。

Die chinesische Kultur war immer dann am stärksten, wenn sie sich nach außen geöffnet hat. In der Tang-Dynastie kam es zu einer bis heute unerreichten Blüte der shi-Lyrik. Auch die Willkommenskultur gegenüber europäischen Missionaren im Mittelalter, die Verwestlichung durch Übersetzungen, Erziehung und Reisen, die Reform- und Öffnungspolitik in den 1980er Jahren hat China sehr geholfen. Die letzte Reform- und Öffnungspolitik war auch die Grundlage für den 40 Jahre anhaltenden Wirtschaftsboom. Heute steht die chinesische Kultur auf der Bühne der Welt.

中国文化在向外界开放时总是最强大的。唐朝的诗词绝句，至今无人能及。明清对欧洲传教士来访的接受传统，通过翻译、教育和旅行实现的西化，以及20世纪80年代的改革开放政策也对中国有很大帮助。最后的改革开放政策也是持续了40年经济繁荣的基础。今天，中国文化已经登上了世界舞台。

Wenn sie auch dort erfolgreich sein will, so kann sie das am besten, wenn sie sich wieder fremden Einflüssen öffnet und nicht versucht, unabhängig und isoliert zu sein. Natürlich kann China heute viel eigenständiger sein als noch vor einigen Jahrzehnten und viele sprechen heute von "Decoupling". Ich denke aber, dass nur der Kulturaustausch und die Öffnung nach außen langfristig eine Win-Win-Situation für China und den Rest der Welt sein kann.

如果想再次获得成功，中国可以继续拥抱外来文化，而不是试图独立和孤立，这样就很好。当然，今天的中国可以比几十年前更加独立，今天很多人都在谈论 "脱钩"。但我认为，从长远来看，只有文化交流和对外开放才能成为中国和世界其他国家的双赢局面。

Ein weiteres interessantes Kulturphänomen in China ist die Reduktion von Inhalt bei gleichzeitiger Steigerung der Ästhetik. Beispielhaft dafür möchte ich die chinesischen Schriftzeichen nennen.

中国另一个有趣的文化现象是内容的减少与审美的同步增加，象形的汉字就是典型的例子。

Natürlich haben auch viele kulturelle Elemente in China ihre Schattenseiten. So gibt es Gastfreundschaft und die Tradition, sich gegenseitig etwas zu schenken, aber auch die Übertreibung des Schenkens, was dann zu Korruption führt, gegen die dann politische Maßnahmen ergriffen werden müssen.

当然，中国的许多文化元素也有其灰面。例如，有好客和送礼的传统，但也有过于夸张的赠送现象，这就导致了腐败，然后必须采取政治措施加以打击。

Auch die Tradition seit Mao Zedong, die Literatur und Kunst in den Dienst des Sozialismus zu stellen, hat ihre Schattenseiten, da sich die Literatur und Kunst so nicht so frei entwickeln konnte wie anderswo.

自毛泽东以来，将文学和艺术为社会主义服务的传统也有其弊端，因为它没有让文学和艺术像其他地方一样自由发展。

Auch der Trend zur Standardisierung und Vereinheitlichung von Kultur zu einer Leitkultur, etwa den chinesischen Schriftzeichen als Lingua Franca in Asien und dem Putonghua als lingua franca in China, hat eine lange Tradition in China.

文化的标准化和统一为主导文化的趋势，如汉字作为亚洲的通用语言，普通话作为中国的通用语言，在中国也有悠久的传统。

Qin Shihuangdis Standardisierung bei der Reichseinigung ist ein frühes Beispiel. Diese Standardisierung hat aber auch Schattenseiten, etwa wenn die Sprache, Kultur und Religion von Minderheiten so marginalisiert wird. Hier sollte man sich daran erinnern, dass die chinesische Kultur immer dann eine Blütezeit erlebte, wenn sie sich geöffnet und andere Einflüsse willkommen geheißen hat.

秦始皇在统一六国时做的“五个统一”（统一文字、货币、度量衡、车辙、语言）就是一个早期的例子。但这种标准化也有其弊端，比如少数民族的语言、文化和宗教会在这种方式下被边缘化。这里应该记住的是，中国文化总是在开放和欢迎其他影响的情况下蓬勃发展的。

===2. What Chinese culture did you experience during your research? What do you like most about it?===

您在研究中感受到了哪些中国文化？当中最吸引您的是什么？

For more than a millennium, Chinese culture has selected its officials for all state functions through a meritocratic examination system (科举), which primarily involved knowledge of the 5 classics (and later the 4 books), but also philosophical understanding and a sense of literature. This shows the special position of literature in society. Civil servants were often employed on a rotation system. These are shining examples worldwide. Both today's China and the whole world can learn from this culture rich in tradition.

一千多年来，中国文化通过任人唯贤的考试制度（科举）为国家职能部门选拔官员，主要是关于四书五经（一开始只有五经），但也包括哲学理解和对文学的欣赏。这表明文学在社会中的特殊地位。公务员往往是以轮换制的方式被聘用。这些都是全世界值得炫耀的榜样。今天的中国和整个世界都可以从这种富有传统的文化中学习。

I love Chinese calligraphy, literature, philosophy, painting, music and opera, festivals, clothing, cuisine and folk customs, as well as the many facets of Chinese crafts such as knot weaving, paper cutting, porcelain, lion dancing, shadow puppetry. It is always exciting to note parallels and differences with other cultures.

我喜欢中国的书法、文学、哲学、绘画、音乐和戏曲、节日、服装、美食和民俗，以及中国手工艺的许多方面，如编织结、剪纸、瓷器、舞狮、皮影戏。找到与其他文化的相似之处和不同之处总是令人激动。

Chinese culture has always been strongest when it has opened up to the outside world. The Tang Dynasty saw a flowering of shi poetry that is still unmatched today. China was also greatly helped by the welcoming culture towards European missionaries in the Middle Ages, westernization through translation, education and travel, and the reform and opening-up policy in the 1980s. The last reform and opening-up policy was also the basis for the economic boom that lasted for 40 years. Today, Chinese culture is on the world stage.

中国文化在向外界开放时总是最强大的。唐朝的诗词绝句，至今无人能及。明清对欧洲传教士来访的接受传统，通过翻译、教育和旅行实现的西化，以及20世纪80年代的改革开放政策也对中国有很大帮助。最后的改革开放政策也是持续了40年经济繁荣的基础。今天，中国文化已经登上了世界舞台。

If it wants to succeed there as well, the best way for it to do so is to reopen itself to foreign influences rather than trying to be independent and isolated. Of course, China can be much more independent today than it was a few decades ago, and many now talk about "decoupling." But I think only cultural exchange and opening up to the outside world can be a win-win situation for China and the rest of the world in the long run.

如果想再次获得成功，中国可以继续拥抱外来文化，而不是试图独立和孤立，这样就很好。当然，今天的中国可以比几十年前更加独立，今天很多人都在谈论 "脱钩"。但我认为，从长远来看，只有文化交流和对外开放才能成为中国和世界其他国家的双赢局面。

Another interesting cultural phenomenon in China is the reduction of content while increasing aesthetics. I would like to take Chinese characters as an example of this.

中国另一个有趣的文化现象是内容的减少与审美的同步增加。我想以汉字为例来说明这一点。

Of course, many cultural elements in China also have their downsides. For example, there is hospitality and the tradition of giving gifts to each other, but there is also the exaggeration of gift-giving, which then leads to corruption, against which political measures must then be taken.

当然，中国的许多文化元素也有其灰面。例如，有好客和送礼的传统，但也有过于夸张的赠送现象，这就导致了腐败，然后必须采取政治措施加以打击。

The tradition since Mao Zedong of putting literature and art at the service of socialism has also had its downsides, as this has prevented literature and art from developing as freely as elsewhere.

自毛泽东以来，将文学和艺术为社会主义服务的传统也有其弊端，因为它没有让文学和艺术像其他地方一样自由发展。

The trend of standardizing and unifying culture into a leading culture, such as Chinese characters as a lingua franca in Asia and Putonghua as a lingua franca in China, also has a long tradition in China.

文化的标准化和统一为主导文化的趋势，如汉字作为亚洲的通用语言，普通话作为中国的通用语言，在中国也有悠久的传统。

Qin Shihuangdi's standardization in empire unification is an early example. However, this standardization also has downsides, such as when the language, culture, and religion of minorities are thus marginalized. Here, it should be remembered that Chinese culture has always flourished when it has opened up and welcomed other influences.

==3. Was sind die Qualitäten der chinesischen Kultur und der chinesischen Zivilisation in Ihren Augen? Welche Bedeutung haben sie für die Welt?==

您眼中的中国文化和中华文明有哪些特质？它们对世界的意义是什么？

Die für Ausländer sichtbarsten und auffälligsten Qualitäten sind Respekt und Würde, die sich in den frühen philosophischen Texten, in den Tang-Gedichten, in den alltäglichen Praktiken der Gastfreundschaft, der Höflichkeit, in den raffiniert-ausdifferenzierten Praktiken des kulturellen Genusses und des Kulturkonsums in allen Aspekten wie Mode, Musik, Literatur, Theater, traditionellem Handwerk usw. zeigen. All diese kulturellen Errungenschaften sind für die Welt von großer Bedeutung, zumal sie 18,5% der Weltbevölkerung eine Identität verleihen und auch die Wechselwirkungen zwischen der chinesischen Kultur und anderen Kulturen prägen. Natürlich gibt es auch Orte, an denen diese Tradition des Respekts verletzt wird.

对外国人来说，最明显、最引人注目的特质是尊重和尊严。这可以在早期的哲学文本中看到，在唐诗中看到，在待人接物的日常实践中看到，在时尚、音乐、文学、戏剧、传统手工艺等各个方面的文化享受和消费的高雅差异化实践中看到。所有这些文化成就对世界来说都是非常重要的，特别是它们给了世界上18.5%的人口一个身份，同时也塑造了中国文化和其他文化之间的互动关系。当然，也有一些地方违反了这种尊重的传统。

Eine weitere Eigenschaft ist die Fähigkeit, sich anzupassen und flexibel zu sein. Als das China der Qing-Dynastie erkannte, dass Europa in Wissenschaft und Waffentechnik fortschrittlicher war, schickte es Studenten ins Ausland, richtete Schulen für westliche Bildung ein und holte den technologischen Rückstand innerhalb von 150 Jahren auf. Das Gleiche gilt für neue Erfindungen: Die neuen vier großen Erfindungen sind berühmt für ihre Umsetzung in China, wurden aber ursprünglich in den Vereinigten Staaten entwickelt und populär. Die Anpassungsfähigkeit in China bedeutet aber auch, dass die Produkte, die auf den Schultern westlicher Giganten entwickelt wurden, anspruchsvoller und fortschrittlicher sind. Heute wird bereits ein Großteil der Forschung und Entwicklung in China betrieben. Auch das Bildungssystem wird heute reformiert, indem die Noten in den Klassen 1-6 abgeschafft und mehr Wert auf Sport und Kreativität gelegt wird.

另一个特质是适应和灵活的能力。当清代中国意识到欧洲在科学和武器装备方面更先进时，它将学生送到国外，建立了西方教育的学校，并在150年内赶上了技术落后。新发明也是如此。新四大发明因其在中国的实施而闻名，但最初是在美国发展和推广的。但中国的适应性也意味着，在西方巨头的肩膀上开发的产品更加成熟和先进。今天，大部分的研究和开发已经在中国完成。如今，教育系统也在进行改革，取消了1-9年级的分数制，更加强调体育和创造力。

Eine weitere wichtige Eigenschaft ist die Friedfertigkeit. China hat in seiner gesamten Geschichte unvorstellbare Verluste erlitten, sowohl durch fremde Invasoren und Besatzer als auch durch Bürgerkriege oder Kriege zwischen verschiedenen Königreichen (Zeit der Streitenden Reiche) und Regionen (Warlords selbst noch in der Republikzeit) im heutigen China.

另一个重要的特质是爱好和平。中国在历史上遭受了难以想象的损失，既来自外国侵略者和占领者，也来自不同朝代或时期的内战，如：战国时期旷日持久的七雄争霸战争，以及二战后的“解放战争”。

Als Zheng He mit seiner Armada die Meere bereiste, beeindruckte das Ming-China andere Anrainerstaaten durch die schiere Größe und den Reichtum der Schiffe.

当郑和带着他的舰队出海时，明代中国以其船只的巨大规模和财富给其他沿海国家留下了深刻印象。

Wenn jedoch ein Herrscher die chinesische Vorherrschaft nicht akzeptierte, wie der König von Ceylon, nahm Zheng He ihn einfach gefangen. Die andere Seite der Geschichte ist also, dass die 7.000 Experten für Zivilhandwerk, die die Schiffe bemannten, gleichzeitig Soldaten waren. Auch heute noch verfügt China über das größte stehende Heer der Welt, verstärkt seine militärische Präsenz in Lateinamerika, Afrika, Europa und Asien, baut neue Inseln im Pazifik in der Nähe von Nachbarländern auf und hat eine dominierende Wirtschaftsmacht in der Welt.

然而，如果一个统治者不接受中国的统治，比如锡兰国王，郑和就直接俘虏了他。因此，故事的另一面是，在船上操作的7000名民间工艺专家也是士兵。今天，中国仍然拥有世界上最大的常备军，在拉丁美洲、非洲、欧洲和亚洲增加军事存在，在太平洋靠近邻国的地方建造新的岛屿，并在世界范围内拥有主导的经济力量。

Obwohl dies in den Augen des Auslands auf den ersten Blick aggressiv wirkt, hat China international anerkannte Narrative des friedlichen Aufstiegs, der gegenseitigen Achtung der Souveränität und der Nichteinmischung in innenpolitische Angelegenheiten etabliert.

虽然在外国看来，这似乎具有侵略性，但中国已经建立了国际公认的和平崛起、相互尊重主权和不干涉内政的战略政策。

Auf dem Platz des Himmlischen Friedens steht geschrieben: "Es lebe die große Einheit der Völker der Welt". Die Weltgemeinschaft ist ein Ideal, die Grenze einer idealen Gesellschaft, und um sie zu erreichen, muss zuallererst das chinesische Volk selbst geeint sein.

天安门上写着“世界人民大团结万岁”，世界大同是一个理想，一个理想社会的极限，要说实现世界大同，首先中国人民自己需要团结。

In China gilt das Prinzip „he er bu tong“, und so gibt es die lange Tradition der Throneingaben, was eine friedliche Gemeinschaft auf allen Ebenen ermöglichte, auch wenn die Menschen unterschiedlicher Meinung waren. Das Prinzip, dass die Partei in allen Aspekten der Gesellschaft in der Neuen Ära Chinas führend ist, ist auch ein Prinzip, das Unruhen, Gewalt und sogar die Sichtbarkeit von Konflikten oder unterschiedlichen Meinungen verhindert. Die Kehrseite der Medaille ist natürlich, dass die Regierung diesen Frieden und die soziale Stabilität mit eiserner Hand gegen Dissidenten, Separatisten und Terroristen durchsetzt.

中国历史上有“谏言”传统，“合而不同”是一个原则，即使人们有不同意见，也可以在各个层面上建立和平的社会。在新时代的中国，党领导下的社会各方面基本原则也是防止动乱、暴力、以及冲突或不同意见的可见性。当然，硬币的另一面是，政府以铁腕的方式维持这种和平和社会稳定，打击持不同政见者、分裂分子和恐怖分子。

Eine weitere Eigenschaft ist Geduld und Ausdauer. Im Laufe der Geschichte hat China fast ein Jahrtausend lang unter fremder Besatzung gelitten. Sogar das heutige Gesellschaftssystem stammt von Karl Marx, einem Deutschen. Unabhängig von den Umständen waren die Chinesen immer in der Lage, ihr Leben gemäß ihrer traditionellen Kultur zu leben und in verschiedenen Kulturbereichen höchste Perfektion zu erreichen. Wer kann schon mit chinesischem Porzellan, Kalligraphie, traditioneller Landschaftsmalerei, Tang-Dichtung usw. konkurrieren?

另一个特质是耐心和毅力。纵观历史，中国在外国占领下遭受了近一千年的痛苦。即使是今天的社会制度，也起源于德国人卡尔·马克思。无论在什么情况下，中国人总是能够按照他们的传统文化来生活，并在各个文化领域达到最高的完美程度。谁能与中国的瓷器、书法、传统山水画、唐诗等竞争？

Ein weiterer Grundsatz ist das Verständnis und die Praxis des Wortes "Rechtschaffenheit", einer der offensichtlichsten Charakterzüge der Chinesen. Qu Yuans wütender Sprung in den Miluo-Fluss ist Rechtschaffenheit; Chen Dieyis Selbstmord am Ende von "Lebewohl, meine Konkubine" ist Rechtschaffenheit; Wang Jiazhis Aufforderung an Herrn Yi, am Ende von "Vorsicht, Lust" wegzulaufen, ist Rechtschaffenheit. Rechtschaffenheit hat mit tiefen Gefühlen zu tun, Rechtschaffenheit ist nicht Leichtsinn, sondern der Mut, zu wissen, dass man es nicht tun kann.

“义”字的理解和践行，是中国人另一个较为明显的特质。屈原怒跳汨罗江，是义；霸王别姬最后陈蝶衣的自刎，是义；色戒最后王佳芝让易先生快跑，是义。义是和深刻的感情相关，义不是鲁莽，而是明知不可为而为之的勇敢。

Tief verwurzelt im chinesischen Volk ist auch die Sehnsucht nach Gerechtigkeit. Wie können Regierungsbeamte die riesigen Devisenreserven, die von den Arbeitern verdient werden, die eine Schraube nach der anderen anbringen, nach Belieben verschleudern? Ist es nicht selbstverständlich, die Korruption zu bekämpfen, und nicht als politische Errungenschaft, mit der man sich rühmen kann, was völlig ungerechtfertigt ist.

深植于中国人民内心的还有对正义的渴望。大量的外汇储备，是工人一个螺丝一个螺丝安装赚出来的，政府官员又怎么能去随意挥霍？反腐难道不是天经地义，而不是作为一个政绩来吹嘘，这是完全没有道理的。

Anstatt über die Bedeutung von Qualitäten für die Welt zu sprechen, sollten wir zuerst über die Bedeutung von Qualitäten für China selbst nachdenken. Es ist möglich, ein verantwortungsvoller Mensch zu sein, wenn man mehr an sich selbst denkt. Das Gleiche gilt für das Land.

与其说，特质对于世界的意义，不如先想想，特质对于中国自身的意义。更多的考虑自身，才可能成为一个负责任的人。国家亦是如此。

===3. What are the qualities of Chinese culture and civilization in your eyes? What is their significance for the world?===
The qualities most visible and striking for foreigners are the respect and dignity, which can be seen in the early philosophical texts, in the Tang poems, in everyday practices of hospitality, politeness, in the refined practises of cultural enjoyment and consumption in all aspects of culture like fashion, music, literature, dramas, traditional crafts etc. All of these cultural achievements are extremely important for the world, especially since they grant identity to 18.5% of the world population and also coin the interactions between the Chinese culture and other cultures. Of course there are also places, where this tradition of respect is violated.

One more quality is the ability to adapt and to be flexible. When Qing China realized that Europe was more advanced in sciences and weaponry, they send students abroad, set up schools for western learning, and within 150 years made up the technological gap. The same holds true for new inventions: The New Four Great Inventions are famous for their realization in China, but originally were developed and first became popular in the United States. However, the ability to adapt in China means also that the products developed on the shoulders of Western giants are more sophisticated and advanced. Today, a lot of Research and Development is already produced in China. Also the education system today is reformed by abandoning grades in grades 1-9 and by putting more emphasis on sports and creativity.

Another main quality is peacefulness. China has suffered unimaginable loss throughout all of her history, both by foreign invaders and occupants as well as by civil war or war among different kingdoms (e.g. in the Warring States period) and regions (during the dynasties until the Republican time) within today's China. When Zheng He travelled the seas with his armada, Ming China impressed other sea bordering countries by the sheer size and wealth of the boats. However, if a ruler did not accept the Chinese supremacy, like the king of Ceylon, Zheng He simply captured him. So the other side of the story is that the 7,000 experts in civil crafts manning the ships at the same time were soldiers. Even today, China has the largest standing army in the world, enhances military presence in Latin America, Africa, Europe and Asia and creates new islands in the pacific ocean close to neighbouring countries and also has a dominating economical power in the world. Although this looks aggressive in foreign eyes at first glance, China has established internationally renowned narratives of peaceful rise, mutual respect of souvereignty and non-interference in domestic issues. On Tiananmen Square, it is written "Long live the great unity of the world's people". The world commonwealth is an ideal, the limit of an ideal society, and to achieve it, first of all, the Chinese people themselves need to be united.

China has the old principle of "he er bu tong" and of "throne inputs", which allows a peaceful community at all levels even if people disagree. The principle, that the party leads in all aspects of society in the New Era of China, is also a principle that prevents riots, violence and even the visibility of conflicts or different opinions. The flip side of the medal of course is that the government enforces this peace and social stability with an iron hand on dissidents, separatists and terrorists.

Another quality is patience and endurance. Throughout history, China has suffered foreign occupation for almost a millenium. Even today's society system originated from Karl Marx, a German. Regardless under which circumstances, Chinese people were always able to live their lifes according to their traditional culture, and to achieve the highest perfection in different cultural branches. Who can compete with Chinese porcellain, calligraphy, traditional landscape painting, Tang poetry etc.?

Another principle is the understanding and practice of the word "righteousness" is one of the more obvious traits of the Chinese. Qu Yuan's angry jump into Miluo River is righteousness; Chen Dieyi's suicide at the end of Farewell My Concubine is righteousness; Wang Jiazhi's telling Mr. Yi to run away at the end of Lust Caution is righteousness. Righteousness is related to profound feelings, righteousness is not recklessness, but the bravery of knowing that it cannot be done.

Deeply rooted in Chinese people is also the longing for justice. How can government officials go about squandering the vast foreign exchange reserves, which are earned by workers installing one screw after another, at will? Isn't it natural to fight corruption, not as a political achievement to boast, which is completely unjustified.

Instead of talking about the significance of traits to the world, we should first think about the significance of traits to China itself. It is possible to be a responsible person by thinking more about oneself. The same is true for the country.

==4. Sie haben die chinesische Literatur und Kultur als westlicher Sinologe studiert. Wie sehen Sie den gegenseitigen Einfluss und das gegenseitige Lernen der chinesischen und westlichen Kulturen seit dem 19. Jahrhundert?==
您作为西方汉学家研究中国文学和文化。您如何看待19世纪以来中西方文化的相互影响和借鉴？

Zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts hatte China nach verschiedenen Berechnungen das größte Bruttoinlandsprodukt der Welt. Fortschritte bei Hygiene, medizinischer und sozialer Versorgung sowohl in Europa wie in China führten zu einer Bevölkerungsexplosion. Europa fand als Antwort darauf die Industrielle Revolution mit der industriellen Massenproduktion und der Effizienzsteigerung auch bei der Nahrungsmittelproduktion. Gleichzeitig löste sich Europa vom Joch der Religion und Wissenschaften, Bildung und moderne Staatsführung hielten mit der Französischen Revolution und Aufklärung Einzug in Europa. China konnte zwar die Erträge steigern, hatte aber begrenzte Anbaufläche und blieb so auf seiner Entwicklungsstufe stehen. Auch innerchinesische Reformbestrebungen bei der Staastführung blieben erfolglos.

根据各类统计，在19世纪初，中国的国内生产总值是世界上最高的。欧洲和中国在卫生、医疗和社会保障方面的进步导致了人口爆炸。作为回应，欧洲完成了工业革命，有了工业化大生产，食品生产的效率也提高了。与此同时，欧洲挣脱了宗教的枷锁，科学、教育和现代治理随着法国大革命和启蒙运动进入欧洲。中国能够提高产量，但可耕地有限，因此仍处于发展阶段。在中国境内改革国家领导层的努力也没有成功。

Auch wenn wir uns alle aus heutiger Sicht wünschen, dass das Öffnen des chinesischen Marktes und der Know-How Transfer aus Europa nach China ohne Gewalt stattgefunden hätte, hat China nur durch diese Öffnung in Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Staatsführung die Grundlagen für die heutige Stärke gelegt.

即使从今天的角度来看，我们都希望中国的市场开放和欧洲向中国的技术转移是在没有暴力的情况下进行的，但只有通过经济、科学和治理方面的这种开放，中国才为其目前的实力奠定了基础。

Im heutigen China gibt es das Narrativ der 180-jährigen Schmach und Schande, im heutigen Europa gibt es dieses Narrativ nicht, man relativiert die geringen Opferzahlen mit größeren Opferzahlen aus dem Antijapanischen Krieg und dem sog. „Befreiungskrieg“, man schätzt die stets reiche Kultur und Geschichte Chinas, die wenig von den kleinen Kolonien beeinflusst wurde. Vor dem 19. Jahrhundert war China ein idealisiertes fernes Land, hatte in der Chinoiserie sogar exotischen Kultstatus. Auch wenn Marx, Hegel und andere China nun aufgrund seiner Stagnation in einem negativen Licht darstellten, blieb China doch immer ein Land, dessen alte Weisheit man schätzte und in das Träume projiziert wurden. Unser heutiges Narrativ von den letzten 200 Jahren Beziehung mit China ist, dass wir stolz sind, durch Transfer von Technik, Know-How, Wissenschaft, Bildung und Staatsführung zur Modernisierung Chinas beigetragen zu haben. Während der auch nach China exportierte Sozialismus mit dem Ende des kalten Krieges und dem Fallen des Eisernen Vorhangs in Europa als Fehler der Geschichte angesehen wird, betrachtet man doch die Modernisierung in China als Teil eines globalen Phänomens. Den Ethnozentrismus hat man in Europa weitgehend überwunden, man hat auch seine Vergangenheit bewältigt und den Weg des friedlichen, gleichberechtigten Miteinanders verschiedener Völker, Kulturen und Sprachen gefunden. Ja, in Europa lösen sich Staatsgrenzen auf, die Unterscheidung zwischen Rassen und Ethnien gilt als unwissenschaftlich und selbst die Unterscheidung von Geschlechtern wird relativiert.

中国有180年来的耻辱和耻辱的叙述，欧洲人不认识这个叙述，与抗日战争和所谓的 "解放战争 "所造成的大量受害者相比，受害者的人数较少，觉得中国一直都有很丰富的文化和历史，小的殖民地印象较小。在19世纪之前，中国是一个理想化的遥远国度，甚至在中国风中具有异国情调的崇拜地位。即使马克思、黑格尔和其他人现在因为中国的停滞不前而对中国进行了负面描述，但中国始终是一个古老智慧被珍视的国家，梦想被投射到这个国家。我们今天对过去200年与中国关系的叙述是，我们为通过技术、知识、科学、教育和治理的转让为中国的现代化做出贡献而感到自豪。在欧洲，随着冷战的结束和铁幕的落下，社会主义也出口到中国，被视为历史的错误，而中国的现代化则被视为全球现象的一部分。欧洲在很大程度上克服了民族中心主义，也接受了自己的过去，并找到了不同民族、文化和语言的和平、平等共处的道路。是的，在欧洲，国界正在消解，种族和族裔群体之间的区别被认为是不科学的，甚至性别之间的区别也正在被相对化。

Während China anfangs vor allem durch Missionare, Übersetzungen und Auslandsstudium viel von Europa lernte, trat zwischenzeitlich ein neuer Spieler auf, auf den sich nunmehr die Hoffnungen und Träume von Europäern und Chinesen richteten: Die Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika. Gute chinesische und europäische Studierende wollen bis heute an amerikanische Universitäten, MacDonalds und amerikanische Kinofilme sind sicherlich nicht aufgrund ihrer Qualität, sondern schlicht aufgrund ihres Siegels "Made in USA" beliebt.

虽然中国最初从欧洲学到了很多东西，主要是通过传教士、翻译和留学，但在此期间出现了一个新的角色，欧洲人和中国人的希望和梦想现在都指向了他——美利坚合众国。中国和欧洲的优秀学生仍然想去美国的大学，麦当劳和美国电影受欢迎不是因为它们的质量，而只是因为它们有 "美国制造 "的标签。

Heute stellt sich die Welt in einer multipolaren Ordnung dar, China und die USA sind als Rivalen und gleichzeitig als Partner an die Spitze getreten, Putin kompensiert den Verlust des Großmachtsstatus mit blinder Aggression und Europa versucht, die Gemeinsamkeiten zu beschwören, indem es Pandemie-Bekämpfung und Umweltschutz auf die Tagesordnung gesetzt hat.

今天，世界呈现出多极化的秩序，中国和美国作为竞争对手同时也是合作伙伴，普京正在用盲目的侵略来弥补大国地位的损失，而欧洲正试图通过将大流行病控制和环境保护列入议程来寻求共同点。

Alle können von den ältesten Kulturen, wie der chinesischen, lernen, z.B. was die Bedeutung der Familie angeht. In der Staatsführung können auch China, die USA und Russland von Europa lernen, etwa wie man verschiedene Ethnien friedlich zusammenbringt und auf fossile Energien verzichtet. Auch bei der Armutsbekämpfung und einzelnen Umweltprojekten können alle von China lernen.

所有人都可以从最古老的文化中学习，例如中国人对家庭的重视。在国家治理方面，中国、美国和俄罗斯也可以向欧洲学习，例如，如何将不同的民族群体和平地团结在一起，如何不使用化石燃料。在与贫困作斗争和个人环境项目方面，每个人也可以向中国学习。

Ob die chinesische Kultur in der Zukunft weltweit beliebter wird, hängt vor allem von Chinas Entwicklung beim weltweiten Ranking in den Bereichen Korruption, Umweltschutz und Freiheit ab.

中国文化未来是否会在世界范围内更受欢迎，首先取决于中国在腐败、环境保护和自由方面的全球排名的发展。

===4. You have studied Chinese literature and culture as a Western sinologist. How do you see the mutual influence and learning of Chinese and Western cultures since the 19th century?===

At the beginning of the 19th century, China had the largest gross domestic product in the world, according to various calculations. Advances in hygiene, medical and social care in both Europe and China led to a population explosion. In response, Europe found the Industrial Revolution with industrial mass production and increased efficiency in food production as well. At the same time, Europe broke free from the yoke of religion and science, education and modern governance entered Europe with the French Revolution and Enlightenment. China was able to increase yields, but had limited arable land and thus remained at its stage of development. Intra-Chinese efforts to reform the state leadership were also unsuccessful.

Even if, from today's perspective, we all wish that the opening of the Chinese market and the transfer of know-how from Europe to China had taken place without violence, it was only through this opening in economy, science and governance that China laid the foundations for its current strength.

In China there is the master narrative of 180 years of shame and disgrace. In Europe, this is not the dominating narrative, instead one concentrates on wars with many more deaths and consequences like the Anti Japanese war and the civil war, the history and culture of China is seen as being always rich, not influenced much by the small colonies. Before the 19th century, China was an idealized distant land, even had exotic cult status in Chinoiserie. Even though Marx, Hegel, and others now portrayed China in a negative light because of its stagnation, China always remained a country whose ancient wisdom was cherished and into which dreams were projected. Our narrative today of the last 200 years of relationship with China is that we are proud to have contributed to China's modernization through transfer of technology, know-how, science, education and governance. While socialism, which was also exported to China with the end of the Cold War and the fall of the Iron Curtain, is seen as a mistake of history in Europe, modernization in China is seen as part of a global phenomenon. Europe has largely overcome ethnocentrism, has come to terms with its past and has found the way to peaceful, equal coexistence of different peoples, cultures and languages. Yes, in Europe national borders are dissolving, the distinction between races and ethnic groups is considered unscientific, and even the distinction between genders is being relativized.

While China initially learned a lot from Europe, mainly through missionaries, translations and study abroad, a new player emerged in the meantime, on whom the hopes and dreams of Europeans and Chinese were now directed: The United States of America. Good Chinese and European students still want to go to American universities, MacDonalds and American movies are certainly popular not because of their quality, but simply because of their "Made in USA" seal.

Today, the world presents itself in a multipolar order, China and the U.S. have risen to the top as rivals and at the same time partners, Putin is compensating for the loss of great power status with blind aggression, and Europe is trying to invoke common ground by putting pandemic control and environmental protection on the agenda.

All can learn from the oldest cultures, such as China's, in terms of the importance of the family, for example. In governance, China, the U.S. and Russia can also learn from Europe, such as how to bring different ethnic groups together peacefully and how to abandon fossil fuels. Everyone can also learn from China in the fight against poverty and in individual environmental projects.

Whether Chinese culture will become more popular worldwide in the future depends above all on China's development in the global ranking in the areas of corruption, environmental protection and freedom.

==5. China modernisiert sich mit seinen eigenen Merkmalen. Was sind Ihrer Meinung nach die traditionellen Elemente von Chinas Modernisierung?==
中国在走有自己特色的现代化道路。你认为中国现代化中蕴含哪些传统要素？

Die Modernisierung im Allgemeinen findet überall auf der Welt statt. Sie ist der biologischen Evolution sehr ähnlich: Es gibt einen Wettbewerb, und die wirtschaftlichen Entwicklungen, die die beste Entwicklung ermöglichen, gewinnen. Es ist also richtig zu sagen, dass jedes Land seine eigenen Merkmale hat, und es ist auch richtig, dass sich alle Länder auf die eine oder andere Weise langfristig modernisieren.

世界各地在普遍的进行现代化建设。这与生物进化论非常相似：存在着竞争，能够实现最佳发展的经济发展体获胜。因此，说每个国家都有自己的特点是正确的，从长远来看，所有国家都会以这样或那样的方式进行现代化，这也是事实。

China hatte bereits seit der Qin-Dynastie ein hohes zivilisatorisches Niveau erreicht und verspürte keinen Druck zur Weiterentwicklung, bis die industrielle Revolution Europa vorauseilte. Als China erkannte, dass es sich weiterentwickeln musste, lernte es von Europa und behielt dennoch viel von seiner kulturellen Identität und seinen Traditionen. Als dieses größte Volk der Welt den Weg des wirtschaftlichen Aufschwungs einschlug, wurde China zur größten Volkswirtschaft der Welt.

自秦朝以来，中国已经达到了很高的文明水平，直到工业革命在欧洲发生之前，中国没有感到进一步发展的压力。当中国意识到它需要发展时，它向欧洲学习，但又保留了许多文化特性和传统。随着这个世界上最大的国家走上了经济发展的道路，中国成为世界上最大的经济体。

Nun ist die globale evolutionäre wirtschaftliche Entwicklung an einem Punkt angelangt, an dem sich die Prinzipien "Fortschritt um jeden Preis" und "wirtschaftlicher Gewinn auf Kosten der Umwelt" als Sackgasse erwiesen haben. Auch China hat begonnen, das Konzept des "moderaten Wachstums zur Erreichung moderaten Wohlstands" zu ändern und die "Wachstumswirtschaft" durch eine "Kreislaufwirtschaft" zu ersetzen. China hat Konzepte wie "erneuerbare Energie statt fossiler Energie" und "gemeinsame Wirtschaft statt Abfallwirtschaft" übernommen.

现在，全球进化型经济发展已经到了一个地步，"不惜代价的进步 "和 "以牺牲环境为代价的经济利益 "的原则已经被证明是一个死胡同。中国也开始改变 "适度增长，实现小康 "的概念，用 "循环经济 "取代 "增长经济"。中国采用了 "以可再生能源替代化石能源 "和 "以共享经济替代废物管理 "等概念。

Der chinesische Weg der Modernisierung in den letzten 40 Jahren folgt demselben Pfad wie die globale Modernisierung. Allerdings hat jedes Land seine eigenen Merkmale und ein einzigartiges Umfeld. China hat die größten Probleme in den Bereichen Korruption, Umweltverschmutzung, Schutz von Minderheitensprachen, -kulturen und -religionen, Rechtsstaatlichkeit, Schutz der Privatsphäre und der Freiheiten des Einzelnen usw., aber es war erfolgreich bei der Bekämpfung der Armut und der Anhebung des Lebensstandards der Menschen. Dies zeigt, dass der Weg nicht dadurch entstanden ist, dass immer mehr Menschen auf ihm marschieren, sondern durch eine Regierung, die den Weg vorgibt und bereit ist, sich die Wege anderer Nationen anzuschauen und von ihnen zu lernen, um einen Weg für China zu finden. Wie es im Text des deutschen Liedes "Dieser Weg" heißt: "Dieser Weg" ist nicht leicht, "dieser Weg" ist voller Dornen und Mühsal. (Dieser Weg wird nicht leichter sein, dieser Weg wird steinig und schwer.)

过去的40年里，中国的现代化道路与全球的现代化道路相同。然而，每个国家都有自己的特点和独特的环境。中国在腐败、污染、保护少数民族语言、文化和宗教、法治、保护隐私和个人自由等方面存在最大的问题，但它在消除贫困和提高人民生活水平方面是成功的。这表明，这条道路不是由越来越多的人在上面游行创造出来的，而是由一个政府制定的道路，并愿意看一看和学习其他国家的道路，为中国找到一条道路。正像德语歌《这条路（dieser Weg）》歌词唱的那样：“这条路”不轻松，“这条路”充满荆棘和艰辛。（Dieser Weg wird kein leichter sein, Dieser Weg wird steinig und schwer.）

Um zu verstehen, wer man heute ist, muss man seine Geschichte kennen. Deshalb ist es wichtig, die Geschichte in gemeinsamen Gremien mit anderen Ländern zu dokumentieren, um zu Schulbüchern zu kommen, die überall auf der Welt dasselbe lehren. Dazu gehört auch, sich der Erfolge und Misserfolge in der eigenen Geschichte bewusst zu werden und bereit zu sein, eigene Fehler einzugestehen. Deutschland hat diese schmerzhafte Vergangenheitsbewältigung bereits in Angriff genommen, China sollte folgen und Japan hat vielleicht noch den längsten Weg zu dieser Haltung vor sich. Nur wer seine eigenen Fehler eingestehen kann, kann wirkliche Würde und Größe erlangen. Bescheidenheit und Selbstkultivierung ist eine der ältesten chinesischen Traditionen, die auch von so unterschiedlichen Philosophen wie Konfuzius und Laozi propagiert wurde.

要了解今天的你是谁，你必须了解你的历史。这就是为什么在与其他国家的联合机构中，记录历史是很重要的，以便达成在全世界范围内教授相同内容的教科书。这也包括意识到自己历史上的成功和失败，并准备承认自己的错误。德国已经开始了这个与过去和解的痛苦过程，中国应该效仿，而日本要接受这个目标，也许还有最长的路要走。只有那些能够承认自己错误的人，才能获得真正的尊严和伟大。谦虚和自我修养是中国最古老的传统之一，也是由孔子和老子等不同的哲学家所宣传的。

Den Künsten und Geisteswissenschaften sowie dem menschlichen und kulturellen Austausch mit anderen Ländern mehr Raum zu geben, trägt dazu bei, die kulturelle Identität und das Selbstvertrauen in die eigene einzigartige Zivilisation zu fördern, sie zum Blühen zu bringen und sie für andere Menschen in der Welt attraktiver zu machen.

给予艺术和人文以及与其他国家的人文交流更多的空间，有助于促进文化认同和对自己独特的文明自信，使其蓬勃发展，对世界上其他国家更有吸引力。

===5. China is modernizing with its own characteristics. What do you think are the traditional elements of China's modernization?===

The modernization in general takes place all over the world. It is very much like biological evolution: There is competition and the economical developments which allow a the best development will win. So it is true to say that every country has its own characteristics and it is also true to say that all countries modernize in the one way or the other in the long run.

China had reached a high level of civilization already since Qin dynasty and did not experience pressure for further development until the Industrial Revolution brought Europe ahead. When China realized that it needed to develop further, it learned from Europe and still kept much of its cultural identity and traditions. Once this largest people of the world joined the path of economical boom, China became the largest economy in the world.

Now the global evolutionary economical development has come to a point, where the principles of "progress at all costs" and "economical profit on the cost of environmental pollution" have shown that they are a dead end. Also China has started to change the concept to "moderate growth to achieve moderate wealth" and to replace "growth economy" with "circle economy". China has adapted concepts of "renewable energy instead of fossile energy" and "shared economy instead of waste economy".

The Chinese way of modernization in the past 40 years follows the same path as global modernization. However, every country has its unique characteristics and a unique setting. China faces the biggest problems in corruption, pollution, protection of minority languages, cultures and religion, rule of law, protection of data privacy and freedoms of individuals etc. but it was successful in poverty allevation and the raise of living standard of the people. This shows that the path was not formed by more and more people marching on it, but by a government leading the way and being willing to look at the pathes of other nations to learn from them in order to find a way for China. As the lyrics of the German song "Dieser Weg" say: "This road" is not easy, "this road" is full of thorns and hardships. (Dieser Weg wird kein leichter sein, dieser Weg wird steinig und schwer.)

To understand who you are today, you need to know your history. Therefore it is important to document history in joint committees with other countries, to come to textbooks which teach the same all over the world. This includes to become aware of success stories and failures in your own history and to be willing to admit own mistakes. Germany has already undertaken this painful coming to terms with the past, China should follow and Japan may have the longest way to go to achieve this attitude. Only if you can admit your own mistakes, you can achieve real dignity and greatness. Humbleness and self-cultivation is one of the oldest Chinese traditions, also propagated by such different philosophers like Confucius and Laozi.

Giving more space to the arts and humanities and to human and cultural exchanges with other countries helps to foster cultural identity and self-confidence in one's own unique civilization, making it flourish and making it more attractive to other people in the world.

==6. Die chinesische Führung hat vorgeschlagen, eine menschliche Schicksalsgemeinschaft und eine bessere Zukunft für die Menschheit aufzubauen. Die heutige Welt birgt das Risiko von Spaltung und Konfrontation. Welche Grundsätze sollten Ihrer Meinung nach beim Austausch von Zivilisationen in der heutigen Welt beachtet werden?==

中国领导人曾提出，要建立人类命运共同体，为人类创造更美好的未来。当今世界存在分裂和对抗的风险。你认为在当今世界的文明交流中应该遵守哪些原则？

Es ist positiv, dass sich China für die globale Zukunft einsetzt und an die Solidarität aller Menschen und aller Länder der Welt appelliert. Ich teile nicht die Ansicht, dass die Welt von heute mehr als früher von Spaltung und Konfrontation bedroht ist. Die größte Spaltung und Konfrontation hatten wir während der beiden Weltkriege und des Kalten Krieges. Heute haben wir eine viel stärker vernetzte und voneinander abhängige Welt. Und der Krieg wird niemals akzeptiert: Auch wenn er im Nachhinein eine Veränderung zum Besseren bewirken kann, und dieses Gute kommt als Tribut an die Toten, müssen die Lebenden weiterleben, um der Toten willen.

中国正在为全球的未来而努力，呼吁世界上所有的人和所有的国家团结起来，这是积极的。我不同意这样的观点：今天的世界比过去更受分裂和对抗的威胁。在两次世界大战和冷战期间，我们有最大的分裂和对抗。今天，我们有一个更加相互联系和相互依赖的世界。而战争永远不被接受：即使战争之后可能真的带来了一个美好的变化，而这些美好是来祭奠死去的人，活着的人要继续活下去，为了死去的人。

Wir haben bereits eine Menge erreicht: Wir haben die Sklaverei, die Kolonialisierung usw. überwunden und es ist uns gelungen, Wissen zwischen dem Westen und dem Osten auszutauschen und alle von der Modernisierung und dem technischen Fortschritt profitieren zu lassen.

我们已经取得了很多成就：我们已经克服了奴隶制、殖民化等问题，我们已经成功地在东西方间交流知识，让每个人都从现代化和技术进步中受益。

Die Prinzipien für den Austausch der Zivilisationen in der heutigen Welt sollten sein: Der deutsche Philosoph und Frühsozialist Karl Marx hat propagiert, dass die Kategorie der Nationen obsolet wird, wir sollten zuerst dem Menschen dienen und ihn mit einer globalen gesellschaftlichen Infrastruktur versorgen.

当今世界文明交流的原则应该是：德国哲学家和早期社会主义者卡尔·马克思宣传到，国家的类别正在变得过时，我们应该首先为人类服务，并为他提供一个全球性的社会基础设施。

In einem freien Umfeld, in dem alle Menschen und jedes menschliche Wesen in einer sauberen Umwelt leben und ihre Freiheiten ausüben können, solange sie die Freiheiten anderer nicht behindern, spielen Kulturen und Zivilisationen eine wichtige Rolle für die Identität und Verwurzelung der Menschen. Die reiche chinesische Kultur, die reiche Geschichte und die reichen Werte sind nicht nur mit den internationalen menschlichen Werten vereinbar, sondern sie zielen sogar auf dasselbe ab. Jeder Mensch sollte die Freiheit haben, sich in der Kultur zu entfalten, die ihm am besten gefällt. Ich schlage vor, dass, solange wir noch das Konzept der Nationen haben, jeder Mensch auf der Welt, der Chinese sein möchte, ein "kultureller Chinese" werden darf und jeder Mensch auf der Welt, der Franzose, US-Amerikaner oder Deutscher sein möchte, ein "kultureller Franzose", ein "kultureller US-Amerikaner" usw. werden darf.

在一个自由的环境中，所有的人和每个人都可以生活在一个干净的环境中，只要不妨碍他人的自由，就可以行使自己的自由，文化和文明在人们的身份和根基方面发挥着重要作用。中国丰富的文化、丰富的历史和丰富的价值观，不仅与国际人类价值观相通，甚至目标一致。每个人都应该有在最适合自己的文化中发展的自由。我建议，只要我们还有国家的概念，就应该允许世界上每个想做中国人的人成为 "文化中国人"，允许世界上每个想做法国人、美国人或德国人的人成为 "文化法国人"、"文化美国人"，等等。

Wir müssen die Teilung der Welt in zwei Blöcke, die so genannten autoritären Länder und die so genannten Demokratien, überwinden. Stattdessen stehen alle Länder vor den gleichen Herausforderungen: der Kampf gegen COVID und andere Pandemien, der Schutz der Umwelt, der Kampf gegen Korruption, die Bekämpfung der Armut, das Streben nach mehr Freiheit für ihre Bürger, mehr Rechtsstaatlichkeit, Menschenrechte usw. Manche Länder schneiden ihren Bürgern die Zehen ab, damit sie in ihre Schuhe passen. Wenn wir jedem Volk und jedem Menschen erlauben, seine eigenen passenden Schuhe, seine eigene kulturelle Identität zu wählen, müssen keine Zehen mehr abgeschnitten werden. Wenn jeder die Freiheit hat, sein eigenes Kulturland zu wählen, kann er stattdessen eine tiefere und deutlichere Bindung zu seinem Geburtsland haben.

我们必须克服把世界分成两个集团的做法——即所谓的专制国家和所谓的民主国家。相反，所有国家都面临同样的挑战：抗击COVID和其他流行病，保护环境，打击腐败，消除贫困，为公民争取更多的自由，更多的法治，人权等等。有些国家为了穿上鞋子，把公民的脚趾砍掉。如果我们允许每个国家和每个人选择他们自己合适的鞋子，他们自己的文化身份，就没有必要砍掉脚趾。当大家都被允许自由选择文化的自身祖国，可能反而会有更深更明确的感情对于自己出生的国家。

Da die heutige Welt von Nationen regiert wird, stehen diese Nationen vor gemeinsamen globalen Herausforderungen. Die größten Länder verursachen die größte Umweltverschmutzung und haben die größte Verantwortung. Es gibt auch einige Länder, die die internationale Weltordnung, die internationale Sicherheitsarchitektur und die Souveränität anderer Länder nicht respektieren, sondern ihr Territorium ausweiten. Gegen diese Länder muss die Weltgemeinschaft mit einer Koalition der Solidarität vorgehen.

由于今天的世界是由国家管理的，这些国家面临着共同的全球挑战。最大的国家造成的污染最多，责任也最大。也有一些国家不尊重国际世界秩序、国际安全架构和其他国家的主权，扩张自己的领土。正是针对这些国家，国际社会必须以团结的联盟采取行动。

===6. The Chinese leadership has proposed to build a human community of destiny and a better future for mankind. Today's world carries the risk of division and confrontation. What principles do you think should be observed in the exchange of civilizations in today's world?===

It is positive, that China engages for the global future and appeals to the solidarity of all people and all countries in the world. I do not share the view that today's world bears more risk than before of division and confrontation. The biggest division and confrontation we had were the two world wars and the cold war. Today we have a much more connected and interdependent world. And war is never accepted: even though the war may actually bring a wonderful change afterwards, and these beauties come to pay tribute to the dead, the living have to continue living, for the sake of the dead.

We have already achieved a lot: We have overcome slavery, colonialization etc. and we have managed to exchange knowledge between the West and the East and to let everybody benefit from modernization and technological progress.

The principles for the exchange of civilizations in todays world should be: The German philosopher and early social scientist Karl Marx has propagated, that the category of nations will become obsolete, we should serve the human being first and supply him with a global societal infrastructure.

In a free setting, where all people and every human being can live in a clean environment and pursue their freedoms as long as they do not hinder the freedoms of others, cultures and civilizations play an important role for identity and rooting people. The Chinese rich culture, rich history and rich values are not only compatible with international human values, but they are actually targeting the same. Every human being should be free to grow in the culture he or she likes most. I suggest that as long as we still have the concept of nations, every human being in the world who wants to be Chinese, should be allowed to become a "cultural Chinese" and every human being in the world who wants to be French, US-American or German should be allowed to become a "cultural French", a "cultural US-American" etc.

We have to overcome the division of the world into two blocks, the so-called authoritative countries and the so-called democracies. Instead, all countries face the same challenges: the fight against COVID and other pandemics, the protection of the environment, the fight against corruption, the alevation of poverty, the strive for more freedom of their citizens, more rule-of-law, human rights etc. Some countries cut the toes of their citizens to make them fit into the shoes. If we allow each people and each human being to choose their own fitting shoes, their own cultural identity, not toes need to be cut any more.

Since today's world is ruled by nations, these nations face common global challenges. The biggest countries produce the biggest pollution and have the biggest responsibilities.
There are also some countries who do not respect the international world order, the international security architecture, and the souvereignty of other countries but expand their territories. These countries need to be addressed with a coalition of solidarity by the world community.

2022 Interview by Xinhua She

2022-06-18T13:27:51Z

You Tianwei: /* 1. Warum interessieren Sie sich für die Übersetzung chinesischer Literatur, insbesondere zeitgenössischer chinesischer Literatur? Wie begann die Story? */

Back to [[JM]] overview page.

=Interview=

==1. Warum interessieren Sie sich für die Übersetzung chinesischer Literatur, insbesondere zeitgenössischer chinesischer Literatur? Wie begann die Story? ==
您如何踏上翻译中国文学、特别是中国现当代文学的学术道路？什么样的兴趣促使您持之以恒进行相关研究？

Meinen ersten Kontakt mit chinesischer Kultur hatte ich als Gymnasiast, als ich am Lyriker-Treffen Münster 1987 teilnahm.

我与中国文学的第一次亲密接触还是在我读高中的时候：我参加了在明斯特举办的一场诗歌朗诵会，那是1987年。

Der chinesische Dichter Lü Yuan fesselte mich mit seinen Gedichten, und er berichtete vom Auf und Ab des Lebens in China, mal war er ein gefeierter Nationaldichter, mal ein Feind des Volkes.

绿原的诗深深的吸引了我，他还讲述了在中国跌宕起伏的生平：有时他是一位著名的有代表性的中国诗人，有时他又成为了人民的敌人。

Als die chinesische Delegation unter Leitung von Lü Yuan mein Interesse an China bemerkte, erhielt ich von ihr einen Bambuspinsel und Tuschestein und die Ermutigung, Chinesisch zu lernen und ihm dann auf Chinesisch einen Brief zu schreiben.

绿原和他的口譯注意到我对中国的兴趣，绿原送了我一支毛笔和一个砚台，并且鼓励我学习中文，然后用中文给他写信。

Ich habe Lü Yuan mehrere Briefe geschrieben, aber nie mit dem Pinsel, da ich, als ich Chinesisch anfing zu lernen, auch gelernt habe, dass die chinesische Ehrfurcht es verbietet, sich gegenüber seinem Lehrer damit zu brüsten, man habe "Chinesisch gelernt". Tatsächlich ist das Chinesisch-Lernen ein lebenslanger Prozess.

我给绿原写了几封信，但是从来没有用毛笔写过，当我开始学习中文，我还了解到，中国人的敬畏之心禁止向老师吹嘘自己“学会了中文“。事实上，学习汉语是一辈子的事情。

Nach einem Jahr Chinesisch-Studium an der Ruhr-Universität Bochum fiel mir auf, dass der chinesische Roman "Traum der Roten Kammer" nur zu einem Drittel ins Deutsche übersetzt war (zusammengezogen zu 40 Kapiteln).

在波鸿鲁尔大学学习了一年中文后，我注意到中国古典小说《红楼梦》只有三分之一被翻译成德文（缩写为40个章回）。

So setzte ich mich als junger Student daran, mit Wörterbuch und chinesischen Freunden, den Roman neu zu übersetzen und blieb dafür oft bis spät abends in der Bibliothek.

因此，当时还是年轻学生的我带着字典，和中国朋友开始重新翻译这部小说，经常在图书馆待到很晚。

Nach 17 Jahren erschien dann die Übersetzung des Romans, bei der ich mich mit einem erfahrenen Übersetzer zusammengetan habe.

在17年后，小说的译本出现了，这部译本是我与一位经验丰富的译者合作。

Aber auch nach der ersten Auflage ließ mich der Roman nicht los und ich nahm stetig Verbesserungen vor, so dass ich derzeit an der vierten Auflage sitze. Tatsächlich erscheint mir auch das Übersetzen ein lebenslanger Prozess.

但即使在第一版之后，这部小说也没有让我停止脚步，我一步一步地修改，目前正在进行第四版的修改。事实上，在我看来，翻译也是一个终生的事业。

Als ich dann als junger Student an der Peking-Universität war, las ich die Kurzgeschichte "Zäher Brei" von Wang Meng und übersetzte diese zusammen mit meinen Kommilitonen.

当我还是北京大学读书的时候，我读了王蒙的短篇小说《坚硬的稀粥》，并和我的同学们一起翻译了它。

Dann empfing mich auch Wang Meng persönlich zuhause.

之后，王蒙还亲自邀请我去他家里做客。

So kam ich zur chinesischen Literatur der Gegenwart.

就这样，我走进了中文当代文学。

Im Studium der "modernen und gegenwärtigen chinesischen Literatur" an der Peking-Universität lernte ich viele andere Schriftsteller näher kennen und beschäftigte mich sowohl mit renommierten Schriftstellern wie Lu Xun und Ba Jin, wie auch rebellischen wie Wang Shuo, Mian Mian, später Han Han, und schließlich mit Schriftstellern, die vielleicht im Ausland berühmter sind als in China wie Zhang Ailing und Bei Dao.

在北京大学的 "中国现当代文学的学习中，我对许多的其他作家有了更多的了解：既不断研读鲁迅、巴金这样的著名作家的作品，也和王朔、绵绵、后来的韩寒这样的时代叛逆者打交道，最后还对张爱玲、北岛这样在国外可能比国内更有名的作家有自己的理解。

Bis heute sitze ich eigentlich immer an irgendeiner Übersetzung chinesischer Gegenwartsliteratur. Es ist eine faszinierende Welt, die ich nicht nur für mich und meine Leser erschlossen habe, sondern auch für junge Übersetzerinnen und Übersetzer aus Deutschland, die sich in meiner Übersetzer-Werkstatt zusammengefunden haben und die jährliche Zahl der Übersetzung chinesischer Literaturwerke insgesamt etwa verdoppelt haben.

时至今日，我其实一直坐在一些中国当代文学的译本前。这是一个迷人的世界，我不仅为自己和我的读者开辟了这个世界，也为来自德国的年轻译者开辟了这个世界，他们在我的译者工作室里聚在一起，每年翻译的中国文学作品总数大约比过去翻了一番。

===1. Why are you interested in translating Chinese literature, especially contemporary Chinese literature? How did the story begin? ===

I had my first contact with Chinese culture as a high school student when I attended the Münster Poets' Meeting in 1987. The Chinese poet Lü Yuan captivated me with his poems, and he told of the ups and downs of life in China, sometimes a celebrated representative national poet, sometimes an enemy of the people. When the Chinese delegation led by Lü Yuan noticed my interest in China, I received from them a bamboo brush and ink stone and encouragement to learn Chinese and then write a letter in Chinese. I wrote several letters to Lü Yuan, but never with the brush, because when I started learning Chinese, I also learned that Chinese reverence forbids boasting to one's teacher that one has "learned Chinese." In fact, learning Chinese is a lifelong process.

After a year of studying Chinese at the Ruhr University in Bochum, I noticed that only a third of the Chinese novel "Dream of the Red Chamber" had been translated into German (condensed into 40 chapters). So, as a young student, I set about re-translating the novel with the help of a dictionary and Chinese friends, often staying late at night in the library to do so. After 17 years, the novel was published, for which I teamed up with an experienced translator. But even after the first edition, the novel did not let go of me and I steadily made improvements, so that I am currently sitting on the fourth edition. In fact, translating also seems to me to be a lifelong process.

Then, when I was a young student at Peking University, I read the short story "Tough Porridge" by Wang Meng and translated it together with my fellow students. Then Wang Meng also received me personally at home. This is how I came to study contemporary Chinese literature. In the study of "modern and contemporary Chinese literature" at Peking University, I got to know many other writers more closely and dealt with both renowned writers such as Lu Xun and Ba Jin, as well as rebellious ones such as Wang Shuo, Mian Mian, later Han Han, and finally with writers who are perhaps more famous abroad than in China such as Zhang Ailing and Bei Dao.

To this day, I'm actually always sitting on some translation of contemporary Chinese literature. It is a fascinating world that I have opened up not only for myself and my readers, but also for young translators from Germany, who have come together in my translators' workshop and have roughly doubled the total annual number of translations of Chinese literary works.

==2. Welche chinesische Kultur haben Sie während Ihrer Forschung erlebt? Was gefällt Ihnen daran am besten?==
您在研究中感受到了哪些中国文化？当中最吸引您的是什么？

Die chinesische Kultur hat seit mehr als einem Jahrtausend seine Beamten für alle Staatsfunktionen über ein meritokratisches Prüfungssystem (科举) ausgewählt, bei dem es in erster Linie um die Kenntnis der 5 Klassiker (später auch der 4 Bücher), aber auch um philosophisches Verständnis und ein Gefühl für Literatur ging. Dies zeigt die besondere Stellung der Literatur in der Gesellschaft. Die Beamten waren häufig im Rahmen eines Rotationssystems beschäftigt. Dies sind weltweit leuchtende Vorbilder. Sowohl das heutige China wie auch die ganze Welt kann von dieser traditionsreichen Kultur lernen.

一千多年来，中国文化通过任人唯贤的考试制度（科举）为国家职能部门选拔官员，主要是关于四书五经（一开始只有五经），但也包括哲学理解和对文学的欣赏。这表明文学在社会中的特殊地位。公务员往往是以轮换制的方式被聘用。这些都是全世界值得炫耀的榜样。今天的中国和整个世界都可以从这种富有传统的文化中学习。

Ich liebe chinesische Kalligraphie, Literatur, Philosophie, Malerei, Musik und Opern, Feste, Kleidung, Küche und Volksbräuche sowie die vielen Facetten der chinesischen Handwerkskunst wie das Knoten flechten, Papierschnitte, Porzellan, Löwentanz, Schattenspiel. Es ist immer spannend, Parallelen und Unterschiede mit anderen Kulturen festzustellen.

我喜欢中国的书法、文学、哲学、绘画、音乐和戏曲、节日、服装、美食和民俗，以及中国手工艺的许多方面，如编织结、剪纸、瓷器、舞狮、皮影戏。找到与其他文化的相似之处和不同之处总是令人激动。

Die chinesische Kultur war immer dann am stärksten, wenn sie sich nach außen geöffnet hat. In der Tang-Dynastie kam es zu einer bis heute unerreichten Blüte der shi-Lyrik. Auch die Willkommenskultur gegenüber europäischen Missionaren im Mittelalter, die Verwestlichung durch Übersetzungen, Erziehung und Reisen, die Reform- und Öffnungspolitik in den 1980er Jahren hat China sehr geholfen. Die letzte Reform- und Öffnungspolitik war auch die Grundlage für den 40 Jahre anhaltenden Wirtschaftsboom. Heute steht die chinesische Kultur auf der Bühne der Welt.

中国文化在向外界开放时总是最强大的。唐朝的诗词绝句，至今无人能及。明清对欧洲传教士来访的接受传统，通过翻译、教育和旅行实现的西化，以及20世纪80年代的改革开放政策也对中国有很大帮助。最后的改革开放政策也是持续了40年经济繁荣的基础。今天，中国文化已经登上了世界舞台。

Wenn sie auch dort erfolgreich sein will, so kann sie das am besten, wenn sie sich wieder fremden Einflüssen öffnet und nicht versucht, unabhängig und isoliert zu sein. Natürlich kann China heute viel eigenständiger sein als noch vor einigen Jahrzehnten und viele sprechen heute von "Decoupling". Ich denke aber, dass nur der Kulturaustausch und die Öffnung nach außen langfristig eine Win-Win-Situation für China und den Rest der Welt sein kann.

如果想再次获得成功，中国可以继续拥抱外来文化，而不是试图独立和孤立，这样就很好。当然，今天的中国可以比几十年前更加独立，今天很多人都在谈论 "脱钩"。但我认为，从长远来看，只有文化交流和对外开放才能成为中国和世界其他国家的双赢局面。

Ein weiteres interessantes Kulturphänomen in China ist die Reduktion von Inhalt bei gleichzeitiger Steigerung der Ästhetik. Beispielhaft dafür möchte ich die chinesischen Schriftzeichen nennen.

中国另一个有趣的文化现象是内容的减少与审美的同步增加。我想以汉字为例来说明这一点。

Natürlich haben auch viele kulturelle Elemente in China ihre Schattenseiten. So gibt es Gastfreundschaft und die Tradition, sich gegenseitig etwas zu schenken, aber auch die Übertreibung des Schenkens, was dann zu Korruption führt, gegen die dann politische Maßnahmen ergriffen werden müssen.

当然，中国的许多文化元素也有其灰面。例如，有好客和送礼的传统，但也有过于夸张的赠送现象，这就导致了腐败，然后必须采取政治措施加以打击。

Auch die Tradition seit Mao Zedong, die Literatur und Kunst in den Dienst des Sozialismus zu stellen, hat ihre Schattenseiten, da sich die Literatur und Kunst so nicht so frei entwickeln konnte wie anderswo.

自毛泽东以来，将文学和艺术为社会主义服务的传统也有其弊端，因为它没有让文学和艺术像其他地方一样自由发展。

Auch der Trend zur Standardisierung und Vereinheitlichung von Kultur zu einer Leitkultur, etwa den chinesischen Schriftzeichen als Lingua Franca in Asien und dem Putonghua als lingua franca in China, hat eine lange Tradition in China.

文化的标准化和统一为主导文化的趋势，如汉字作为亚洲的通用语言，普通话作为中国的通用语言，在中国也有悠久的传统。

Qin Shihuangdis Standardisierung bei der Reichseinigung ist ein frühes Beispiel. Diese Standardisierung hat aber auch Schattenseiten, etwa wenn die Sprache, Kultur und Religion von Minderheiten so marginalisiert wird. Hier sollte man sich daran erinnern, dass die chinesische Kultur immer dann eine Blütezeit erlebte, wenn sie sich geöffnet und andere Einflüsse willkommen geheißen hat.

秦始皇在统一六国时做的“五个统一”（统一文字、货币、度量衡、车辙、语言）就是一个早期的例子。但这种标准化也有其弊端，比如少数民族的语言、文化和宗教会在这种方式下被边缘化。这里应该记住的是，中国文化总是在开放和欢迎其他影响的情况下蓬勃发展的。

===2. What Chinese culture did you experience during your research? What do you like most about it?===

您在研究中感受到了哪些中国文化？当中最吸引您的是什么？

For more than a millennium, Chinese culture has selected its officials for all state functions through a meritocratic examination system (科举), which primarily involved knowledge of the 5 classics (and later the 4 books), but also philosophical understanding and a sense of literature. This shows the special position of literature in society. Civil servants were often employed on a rotation system. These are shining examples worldwide. Both today's China and the whole world can learn from this culture rich in tradition.

一千多年来，中国文化通过任人唯贤的考试制度（科举）为国家职能部门选拔官员，主要是关于四书五经（一开始只有五经），但也包括哲学理解和对文学的欣赏。这表明文学在社会中的特殊地位。公务员往往是以轮换制的方式被聘用。这些都是全世界值得炫耀的榜样。今天的中国和整个世界都可以从这种富有传统的文化中学习。

I love Chinese calligraphy, literature, philosophy, painting, music and opera, festivals, clothing, cuisine and folk customs, as well as the many facets of Chinese crafts such as knot weaving, paper cutting, porcelain, lion dancing, shadow puppetry. It is always exciting to note parallels and differences with other cultures.

我喜欢中国的书法、文学、哲学、绘画、音乐和戏曲、节日、服装、美食和民俗，以及中国手工艺的许多方面，如编织结、剪纸、瓷器、舞狮、皮影戏。找到与其他文化的相似之处和不同之处总是令人激动。

Chinese culture has always been strongest when it has opened up to the outside world. The Tang Dynasty saw a flowering of shi poetry that is still unmatched today. China was also greatly helped by the welcoming culture towards European missionaries in the Middle Ages, westernization through translation, education and travel, and the reform and opening-up policy in the 1980s. The last reform and opening-up policy was also the basis for the economic boom that lasted for 40 years. Today, Chinese culture is on the world stage.

中国文化在向外界开放时总是最强大的。唐朝的诗词绝句，至今无人能及。明清对欧洲传教士来访的接受传统，通过翻译、教育和旅行实现的西化，以及20世纪80年代的改革开放政策也对中国有很大帮助。最后的改革开放政策也是持续了40年经济繁荣的基础。今天，中国文化已经登上了世界舞台。

If it wants to succeed there as well, the best way for it to do so is to reopen itself to foreign influences rather than trying to be independent and isolated. Of course, China can be much more independent today than it was a few decades ago, and many now talk about "decoupling." But I think only cultural exchange and opening up to the outside world can be a win-win situation for China and the rest of the world in the long run.

如果想再次获得成功，中国可以继续拥抱外来文化，而不是试图独立和孤立，这样就很好。当然，今天的中国可以比几十年前更加独立，今天很多人都在谈论 "脱钩"。但我认为，从长远来看，只有文化交流和对外开放才能成为中国和世界其他国家的双赢局面。

Another interesting cultural phenomenon in China is the reduction of content while increasing aesthetics. I would like to take Chinese characters as an example of this.

中国另一个有趣的文化现象是内容的减少与审美的同步增加。我想以汉字为例来说明这一点。

Of course, many cultural elements in China also have their downsides. For example, there is hospitality and the tradition of giving gifts to each other, but there is also the exaggeration of gift-giving, which then leads to corruption, against which political measures must then be taken.

当然，中国的许多文化元素也有其灰面。例如，有好客和送礼的传统，但也有过于夸张的赠送现象，这就导致了腐败，然后必须采取政治措施加以打击。

The tradition since Mao Zedong of putting literature and art at the service of socialism has also had its downsides, as this has prevented literature and art from developing as freely as elsewhere.

自毛泽东以来，将文学和艺术为社会主义服务的传统也有其弊端，因为它没有让文学和艺术像其他地方一样自由发展。

The trend of standardizing and unifying culture into a leading culture, such as Chinese characters as a lingua franca in Asia and Putonghua as a lingua franca in China, also has a long tradition in China.

文化的标准化和统一为主导文化的趋势，如汉字作为亚洲的通用语言，普通话作为中国的通用语言，在中国也有悠久的传统。

Qin Shihuangdi's standardization in empire unification is an early example. However, this standardization also has downsides, such as when the language, culture, and religion of minorities are thus marginalized. Here, it should be remembered that Chinese culture has always flourished when it has opened up and welcomed other influences.

==3. Was sind die Qualitäten der chinesischen Kultur und der chinesischen Zivilisation in Ihren Augen? Welche Bedeutung haben sie für die Welt?==

您眼中的中国文化和中华文明有哪些特质？它们对世界的意义是什么？

Die für Ausländer sichtbarsten und auffälligsten Qualitäten sind Respekt und Würde, die sich in den frühen philosophischen Texten, in den Tang-Gedichten, in den alltäglichen Praktiken der Gastfreundschaft, der Höflichkeit, in den raffiniert-ausdifferenzierten Praktiken des kulturellen Genusses und des Kulturkonsums in allen Aspekten wie Mode, Musik, Literatur, Theater, traditionellem Handwerk usw. zeigen. All diese kulturellen Errungenschaften sind für die Welt von großer Bedeutung, zumal sie 18,5% der Weltbevölkerung eine Identität verleihen und auch die Wechselwirkungen zwischen der chinesischen Kultur und anderen Kulturen prägen. Natürlich gibt es auch Orte, an denen diese Tradition des Respekts verletzt wird.

对外国人来说，最明显、最引人注目的特质是尊重和尊严。这可以在早期的哲学文本中看到，在唐诗中看到，在待人接物的日常实践中看到，在时尚、音乐、文学、戏剧、传统手工艺等各个方面的文化享受和消费的高雅差异化实践中看到。所有这些文化成就对世界来说都是非常重要的，特别是它们给了世界上18.5%的人口一个身份，同时也塑造了中国文化和其他文化之间的互动关系。当然，也有一些地方违反了这种尊重的传统。

Eine weitere Eigenschaft ist die Fähigkeit, sich anzupassen und flexibel zu sein. Als das China der Qing-Dynastie erkannte, dass Europa in Wissenschaft und Waffentechnik fortschrittlicher war, schickte es Studenten ins Ausland, richtete Schulen für westliche Bildung ein und holte den technologischen Rückstand innerhalb von 150 Jahren auf. Das Gleiche gilt für neue Erfindungen: Die neuen vier großen Erfindungen sind berühmt für ihre Umsetzung in China, wurden aber ursprünglich in den Vereinigten Staaten entwickelt und populär. Die Anpassungsfähigkeit in China bedeutet aber auch, dass die Produkte, die auf den Schultern westlicher Giganten entwickelt wurden, anspruchsvoller und fortschrittlicher sind. Heute wird bereits ein Großteil der Forschung und Entwicklung in China betrieben. Auch das Bildungssystem wird heute reformiert, indem die Noten in den Klassen 1-6 abgeschafft und mehr Wert auf Sport und Kreativität gelegt wird.

另一个特质是适应和灵活的能力。当清代中国意识到欧洲在科学和武器装备方面更先进时，它将学生送到国外，建立了西方教育的学校，并在150年内赶上了技术落后。新发明也是如此。新四大发明因其在中国的实施而闻名，但最初是在美国发展和推广的。但中国的适应性也意味着，在西方巨头的肩膀上开发的产品更加成熟和先进。今天，大部分的研究和开发已经在中国完成。如今，教育系统也在进行改革，取消了1-9年级的分数制，更加强调体育和创造力。

Eine weitere wichtige Eigenschaft ist die Friedfertigkeit. China hat in seiner gesamten Geschichte unvorstellbare Verluste erlitten, sowohl durch fremde Invasoren und Besatzer als auch durch Bürgerkriege oder Kriege zwischen verschiedenen Königreichen (Zeit der Streitenden Reiche) und Regionen (Warlords selbst noch in der Republikzeit) im heutigen China.

另一个重要的特质是爱好和平。中国在历史上遭受了难以想象的损失，既来自外国侵略者和占领者，也来自不同朝代或时期的内战，如：战国时期旷日持久的七雄争霸战争，以及二战后的“解放战争”。

Als Zheng He mit seiner Armada die Meere bereiste, beeindruckte das Ming-China andere Anrainerstaaten durch die schiere Größe und den Reichtum der Schiffe.

当郑和带着他的舰队出海时，明代中国以其船只的巨大规模和财富给其他沿海国家留下了深刻印象。

Wenn jedoch ein Herrscher die chinesische Vorherrschaft nicht akzeptierte, wie der König von Ceylon, nahm Zheng He ihn einfach gefangen. Die andere Seite der Geschichte ist also, dass die 7.000 Experten für Zivilhandwerk, die die Schiffe bemannten, gleichzeitig Soldaten waren. Auch heute noch verfügt China über das größte stehende Heer der Welt, verstärkt seine militärische Präsenz in Lateinamerika, Afrika, Europa und Asien, baut neue Inseln im Pazifik in der Nähe von Nachbarländern auf und hat eine dominierende Wirtschaftsmacht in der Welt.

然而，如果一个统治者不接受中国的统治，比如锡兰国王，郑和就直接俘虏了他。因此，故事的另一面是，在船上操作的7000名民间工艺专家也是士兵。今天，中国仍然拥有世界上最大的常备军，在拉丁美洲、非洲、欧洲和亚洲增加军事存在，在太平洋靠近邻国的地方建造新的岛屿，并在世界范围内拥有主导的经济力量。

Obwohl dies in den Augen des Auslands auf den ersten Blick aggressiv wirkt, hat China international anerkannte Narrative des friedlichen Aufstiegs, der gegenseitigen Achtung der Souveränität und der Nichteinmischung in innenpolitische Angelegenheiten etabliert.

虽然在外国看来，这似乎具有侵略性，但中国已经建立了国际公认的和平崛起、相互尊重主权和不干涉内政的战略政策。

Auf dem Platz des Himmlischen Friedens steht geschrieben: "Es lebe die große Einheit der Völker der Welt". Die Weltgemeinschaft ist ein Ideal, die Grenze einer idealen Gesellschaft, und um sie zu erreichen, muss zuallererst das chinesische Volk selbst geeint sein.

天安门上写着“世界人民大团结万岁”，世界大同是一个理想，一个理想社会的极限，要说实现世界大同，首先中国人民自己需要团结。

In China gilt das Prinzip „he er bu tong“, und so gibt es die lange Tradition der Throneingaben, was eine friedliche Gemeinschaft auf allen Ebenen ermöglichte, auch wenn die Menschen unterschiedlicher Meinung waren. Das Prinzip, dass die Partei in allen Aspekten der Gesellschaft in der Neuen Ära Chinas führend ist, ist auch ein Prinzip, das Unruhen, Gewalt und sogar die Sichtbarkeit von Konflikten oder unterschiedlichen Meinungen verhindert. Die Kehrseite der Medaille ist natürlich, dass die Regierung diesen Frieden und die soziale Stabilität mit eiserner Hand gegen Dissidenten, Separatisten und Terroristen durchsetzt.

中国历史上有“谏言”传统，“合而不同”是一个原则，即使人们有不同意见，也可以在各个层面上建立和平的社会。在新时代的中国，党领导下的社会各方面基本原则也是防止动乱、暴力、以及冲突或不同意见的可见性。当然，硬币的另一面是，政府以铁腕的方式维持这种和平和社会稳定，打击持不同政见者、分裂分子和恐怖分子。

Eine weitere Eigenschaft ist Geduld und Ausdauer. Im Laufe der Geschichte hat China fast ein Jahrtausend lang unter fremder Besatzung gelitten. Sogar das heutige Gesellschaftssystem stammt von Karl Marx, einem Deutschen. Unabhängig von den Umständen waren die Chinesen immer in der Lage, ihr Leben gemäß ihrer traditionellen Kultur zu leben und in verschiedenen Kulturbereichen höchste Perfektion zu erreichen. Wer kann schon mit chinesischem Porzellan, Kalligraphie, traditioneller Landschaftsmalerei, Tang-Dichtung usw. konkurrieren?

另一个特质是耐心和毅力。纵观历史，中国在外国占领下遭受了近一千年的痛苦。即使是今天的社会制度，也起源于德国人卡尔·马克思。无论在什么情况下，中国人总是能够按照他们的传统文化来生活，并在各个文化领域达到最高的完美程度。谁能与中国的瓷器、书法、传统山水画、唐诗等竞争？

Ein weiterer Grundsatz ist das Verständnis und die Praxis des Wortes "Rechtschaffenheit", einer der offensichtlichsten Charakterzüge der Chinesen. Qu Yuans wütender Sprung in den Miluo-Fluss ist Rechtschaffenheit; Chen Dieyis Selbstmord am Ende von "Lebewohl, meine Konkubine" ist Rechtschaffenheit; Wang Jiazhis Aufforderung an Herrn Yi, am Ende von "Vorsicht, Lust" wegzulaufen, ist Rechtschaffenheit. Rechtschaffenheit hat mit tiefen Gefühlen zu tun, Rechtschaffenheit ist nicht Leichtsinn, sondern der Mut, zu wissen, dass man es nicht tun kann.

“义”字的理解和践行，是中国人另一个较为明显的特质。屈原怒跳汨罗江，是义；霸王别姬最后陈蝶衣的自刎，是义；色戒最后王佳芝让易先生快跑，是义。义是和深刻的感情相关，义不是鲁莽，而是明知不可为而为之的勇敢。

Tief verwurzelt im chinesischen Volk ist auch die Sehnsucht nach Gerechtigkeit. Wie können Regierungsbeamte die riesigen Devisenreserven, die von den Arbeitern verdient werden, die eine Schraube nach der anderen anbringen, nach Belieben verschleudern? Ist es nicht selbstverständlich, die Korruption zu bekämpfen, und nicht als politische Errungenschaft, mit der man sich rühmen kann, was völlig ungerechtfertigt ist.

深植于中国人民内心的还有对正义的渴望。大量的外汇储备，是工人一个螺丝一个螺丝安装赚出来的，政府官员又怎么能去随意挥霍？反腐难道不是天经地义，而不是作为一个政绩来吹嘘，这是完全没有道理的。

Anstatt über die Bedeutung von Qualitäten für die Welt zu sprechen, sollten wir zuerst über die Bedeutung von Qualitäten für China selbst nachdenken. Es ist möglich, ein verantwortungsvoller Mensch zu sein, wenn man mehr an sich selbst denkt. Das Gleiche gilt für das Land.

与其说，特质对于世界的意义，不如先想想，特质对于中国自身的意义。更多的考虑自身，才可能成为一个负责任的人。国家亦是如此。

===3. What are the qualities of Chinese culture and civilization in your eyes? What is their significance for the world?===
The qualities most visible and striking for foreigners are the respect and dignity, which can be seen in the early philosophical texts, in the Tang poems, in everyday practices of hospitality, politeness, in the refined practises of cultural enjoyment and consumption in all aspects of culture like fashion, music, literature, dramas, traditional crafts etc. All of these cultural achievements are extremely important for the world, especially since they grant identity to 18.5% of the world population and also coin the interactions between the Chinese culture and other cultures. Of course there are also places, where this tradition of respect is violated.

One more quality is the ability to adapt and to be flexible. When Qing China realized that Europe was more advanced in sciences and weaponry, they send students abroad, set up schools for western learning, and within 150 years made up the technological gap. The same holds true for new inventions: The New Four Great Inventions are famous for their realization in China, but originally were developed and first became popular in the United States. However, the ability to adapt in China means also that the products developed on the shoulders of Western giants are more sophisticated and advanced. Today, a lot of Research and Development is already produced in China. Also the education system today is reformed by abandoning grades in grades 1-9 and by putting more emphasis on sports and creativity.

Another main quality is peacefulness. China has suffered unimaginable loss throughout all of her history, both by foreign invaders and occupants as well as by civil war or war among different kingdoms (e.g. in the Warring States period) and regions (during the dynasties until the Republican time) within today's China. When Zheng He travelled the seas with his armada, Ming China impressed other sea bordering countries by the sheer size and wealth of the boats. However, if a ruler did not accept the Chinese supremacy, like the king of Ceylon, Zheng He simply captured him. So the other side of the story is that the 7,000 experts in civil crafts manning the ships at the same time were soldiers. Even today, China has the largest standing army in the world, enhances military presence in Latin America, Africa, Europe and Asia and creates new islands in the pacific ocean close to neighbouring countries and also has a dominating economical power in the world. Although this looks aggressive in foreign eyes at first glance, China has established internationally renowned narratives of peaceful rise, mutual respect of souvereignty and non-interference in domestic issues. On Tiananmen Square, it is written "Long live the great unity of the world's people". The world commonwealth is an ideal, the limit of an ideal society, and to achieve it, first of all, the Chinese people themselves need to be united.

China has the old principle of "he er bu tong" and of "throne inputs", which allows a peaceful community at all levels even if people disagree. The principle, that the party leads in all aspects of society in the New Era of China, is also a principle that prevents riots, violence and even the visibility of conflicts or different opinions. The flip side of the medal of course is that the government enforces this peace and social stability with an iron hand on dissidents, separatists and terrorists.

Another quality is patience and endurance. Throughout history, China has suffered foreign occupation for almost a millenium. Even today's society system originated from Karl Marx, a German. Regardless under which circumstances, Chinese people were always able to live their lifes according to their traditional culture, and to achieve the highest perfection in different cultural branches. Who can compete with Chinese porcellain, calligraphy, traditional landscape painting, Tang poetry etc.?

Another principle is the understanding and practice of the word "righteousness" is one of the more obvious traits of the Chinese. Qu Yuan's angry jump into Miluo River is righteousness; Chen Dieyi's suicide at the end of Farewell My Concubine is righteousness; Wang Jiazhi's telling Mr. Yi to run away at the end of Lust Caution is righteousness. Righteousness is related to profound feelings, righteousness is not recklessness, but the bravery of knowing that it cannot be done.

Deeply rooted in Chinese people is also the longing for justice. How can government officials go about squandering the vast foreign exchange reserves, which are earned by workers installing one screw after another, at will? Isn't it natural to fight corruption, not as a political achievement to boast, which is completely unjustified.

Instead of talking about the significance of traits to the world, we should first think about the significance of traits to China itself. It is possible to be a responsible person by thinking more about oneself. The same is true for the country.

==4. Sie haben die chinesische Literatur und Kultur als westlicher Sinologe studiert. Wie sehen Sie den gegenseitigen Einfluss und das gegenseitige Lernen der chinesischen und westlichen Kulturen seit dem 19. Jahrhundert?==
您作为西方汉学家研究中国文学和文化。您如何看待19世纪以来中西方文化的相互影响和借鉴？

Zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts hatte China nach verschiedenen Berechnungen das größte Bruttoinlandsprodukt der Welt. Fortschritte bei Hygiene, medizinischer und sozialer Versorgung sowohl in Europa wie in China führten zu einer Bevölkerungsexplosion. Europa fand als Antwort darauf die Industrielle Revolution mit der industriellen Massenproduktion und der Effizienzsteigerung auch bei der Nahrungsmittelproduktion. Gleichzeitig löste sich Europa vom Joch der Religion und Wissenschaften, Bildung und moderne Staatsführung hielten mit der Französischen Revolution und Aufklärung Einzug in Europa. China konnte zwar die Erträge steigern, hatte aber begrenzte Anbaufläche und blieb so auf seiner Entwicklungsstufe stehen. Auch innerchinesische Reformbestrebungen bei der Staastführung blieben erfolglos.

根据各类统计，在19世纪初，中国的国内生产总值是世界上最高的。欧洲和中国在卫生、医疗和社会保障方面的进步导致了人口爆炸。作为回应，欧洲完成了工业革命，有了工业化大生产，食品生产的效率也提高了。与此同时，欧洲挣脱了宗教的枷锁，科学、教育和现代治理随着法国大革命和启蒙运动进入欧洲。中国能够提高产量，但可耕地有限，因此仍处于发展阶段。在中国境内改革国家领导层的努力也没有成功。

Auch wenn wir uns alle aus heutiger Sicht wünschen, dass das Öffnen des chinesischen Marktes und der Know-How Transfer aus Europa nach China ohne Gewalt stattgefunden hätte, hat China nur durch diese Öffnung in Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Staatsführung die Grundlagen für die heutige Stärke gelegt.

即使从今天的角度来看，我们都希望中国的市场开放和欧洲向中国的技术转移是在没有暴力的情况下进行的，但只有通过经济、科学和治理方面的这种开放，中国才为其目前的实力奠定了基础。

Im heutigen China gibt es das Narrativ der 180-jährigen Schmach und Schande, im heutigen Europa gibt es dieses Narrativ nicht, man relativiert die geringen Opferzahlen mit größeren Opferzahlen aus dem Antijapanischen Krieg und dem sog. „Befreiungskrieg“, man schätzt die stets reiche Kultur und Geschichte Chinas, die wenig von den kleinen Kolonien beeinflusst wurde. Vor dem 19. Jahrhundert war China ein idealisiertes fernes Land, hatte in der Chinoiserie sogar exotischen Kultstatus. Auch wenn Marx, Hegel und andere China nun aufgrund seiner Stagnation in einem negativen Licht darstellten, blieb China doch immer ein Land, dessen alte Weisheit man schätzte und in das Träume projiziert wurden. Unser heutiges Narrativ von den letzten 200 Jahren Beziehung mit China ist, dass wir stolz sind, durch Transfer von Technik, Know-How, Wissenschaft, Bildung und Staatsführung zur Modernisierung Chinas beigetragen zu haben. Während der auch nach China exportierte Sozialismus mit dem Ende des kalten Krieges und dem Fallen des Eisernen Vorhangs in Europa als Fehler der Geschichte angesehen wird, betrachtet man doch die Modernisierung in China als Teil eines globalen Phänomens. Den Ethnozentrismus hat man in Europa weitgehend überwunden, man hat auch seine Vergangenheit bewältigt und den Weg des friedlichen, gleichberechtigten Miteinanders verschiedener Völker, Kulturen und Sprachen gefunden. Ja, in Europa lösen sich Staatsgrenzen auf, die Unterscheidung zwischen Rassen und Ethnien gilt als unwissenschaftlich und selbst die Unterscheidung von Geschlechtern wird relativiert.

中国有180年来的耻辱和耻辱的叙述，欧洲人不认识这个叙述，与抗日战争和所谓的 "解放战争 "所造成的大量受害者相比，受害者的人数较少，觉得中国一直都有很丰富的文化和历史，小的殖民地印象较小。在19世纪之前，中国是一个理想化的遥远国度，甚至在中国风中具有异国情调的崇拜地位。即使马克思、黑格尔和其他人现在因为中国的停滞不前而对中国进行了负面描述，但中国始终是一个古老智慧被珍视的国家，梦想被投射到这个国家。我们今天对过去200年与中国关系的叙述是，我们为通过技术、知识、科学、教育和治理的转让为中国的现代化做出贡献而感到自豪。在欧洲，随着冷战的结束和铁幕的落下，社会主义也出口到中国，被视为历史的错误，而中国的现代化则被视为全球现象的一部分。欧洲在很大程度上克服了民族中心主义，也接受了自己的过去，并找到了不同民族、文化和语言的和平、平等共处的道路。是的，在欧洲，国界正在消解，种族和族裔群体之间的区别被认为是不科学的，甚至性别之间的区别也正在被相对化。

Während China anfangs vor allem durch Missionare, Übersetzungen und Auslandsstudium viel von Europa lernte, trat zwischenzeitlich ein neuer Spieler auf, auf den sich nunmehr die Hoffnungen und Träume von Europäern und Chinesen richteten: Die Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika. Gute chinesische und europäische Studierende wollen bis heute an amerikanische Universitäten, MacDonalds und amerikanische Kinofilme sind sicherlich nicht aufgrund ihrer Qualität, sondern schlicht aufgrund ihres Siegels "Made in USA" beliebt.

虽然中国最初从欧洲学到了很多东西，主要是通过传教士、翻译和留学，但在此期间出现了一个新的角色，欧洲人和中国人的希望和梦想现在都指向了他——美利坚合众国。中国和欧洲的优秀学生仍然想去美国的大学，麦当劳和美国电影受欢迎不是因为它们的质量，而只是因为它们有 "美国制造 "的标签。

Heute stellt sich die Welt in einer multipolaren Ordnung dar, China und die USA sind als Rivalen und gleichzeitig als Partner an die Spitze getreten, Putin kompensiert den Verlust des Großmachtsstatus mit blinder Aggression und Europa versucht, die Gemeinsamkeiten zu beschwören, indem es Pandemie-Bekämpfung und Umweltschutz auf die Tagesordnung gesetzt hat.

今天，世界呈现出多极化的秩序，中国和美国作为竞争对手同时也是合作伙伴，普京正在用盲目的侵略来弥补大国地位的损失，而欧洲正试图通过将大流行病控制和环境保护列入议程来寻求共同点。

Alle können von den ältesten Kulturen, wie der chinesischen, lernen, z.B. was die Bedeutung der Familie angeht. In der Staatsführung können auch China, die USA und Russland von Europa lernen, etwa wie man verschiedene Ethnien friedlich zusammenbringt und auf fossile Energien verzichtet. Auch bei der Armutsbekämpfung und einzelnen Umweltprojekten können alle von China lernen.

所有人都可以从最古老的文化中学习，例如中国人对家庭的重视。在国家治理方面，中国、美国和俄罗斯也可以向欧洲学习，例如，如何将不同的民族群体和平地团结在一起，如何不使用化石燃料。在与贫困作斗争和个人环境项目方面，每个人也可以向中国学习。

Ob die chinesische Kultur in der Zukunft weltweit beliebter wird, hängt vor allem von Chinas Entwicklung beim weltweiten Ranking in den Bereichen Korruption, Umweltschutz und Freiheit ab.

中国文化未来是否会在世界范围内更受欢迎，首先取决于中国在腐败、环境保护和自由方面的全球排名的发展。

===4. You have studied Chinese literature and culture as a Western sinologist. How do you see the mutual influence and learning of Chinese and Western cultures since the 19th century?===

At the beginning of the 19th century, China had the largest gross domestic product in the world, according to various calculations. Advances in hygiene, medical and social care in both Europe and China led to a population explosion. In response, Europe found the Industrial Revolution with industrial mass production and increased efficiency in food production as well. At the same time, Europe broke free from the yoke of religion and science, education and modern governance entered Europe with the French Revolution and Enlightenment. China was able to increase yields, but had limited arable land and thus remained at its stage of development. Intra-Chinese efforts to reform the state leadership were also unsuccessful.

Even if, from today's perspective, we all wish that the opening of the Chinese market and the transfer of know-how from Europe to China had taken place without violence, it was only through this opening in economy, science and governance that China laid the foundations for its current strength.

In China there is the master narrative of 180 years of shame and disgrace. In Europe, this is not the dominating narrative, instead one concentrates on wars with many more deaths and consequences like the Anti Japanese war and the civil war, the history and culture of China is seen as being always rich, not influenced much by the small colonies. Before the 19th century, China was an idealized distant land, even had exotic cult status in Chinoiserie. Even though Marx, Hegel, and others now portrayed China in a negative light because of its stagnation, China always remained a country whose ancient wisdom was cherished and into which dreams were projected. Our narrative today of the last 200 years of relationship with China is that we are proud to have contributed to China's modernization through transfer of technology, know-how, science, education and governance. While socialism, which was also exported to China with the end of the Cold War and the fall of the Iron Curtain, is seen as a mistake of history in Europe, modernization in China is seen as part of a global phenomenon. Europe has largely overcome ethnocentrism, has come to terms with its past and has found the way to peaceful, equal coexistence of different peoples, cultures and languages. Yes, in Europe national borders are dissolving, the distinction between races and ethnic groups is considered unscientific, and even the distinction between genders is being relativized.

While China initially learned a lot from Europe, mainly through missionaries, translations and study abroad, a new player emerged in the meantime, on whom the hopes and dreams of Europeans and Chinese were now directed: The United States of America. Good Chinese and European students still want to go to American universities, MacDonalds and American movies are certainly popular not because of their quality, but simply because of their "Made in USA" seal.

Today, the world presents itself in a multipolar order, China and the U.S. have risen to the top as rivals and at the same time partners, Putin is compensating for the loss of great power status with blind aggression, and Europe is trying to invoke common ground by putting pandemic control and environmental protection on the agenda.

All can learn from the oldest cultures, such as China's, in terms of the importance of the family, for example. In governance, China, the U.S. and Russia can also learn from Europe, such as how to bring different ethnic groups together peacefully and how to abandon fossil fuels. Everyone can also learn from China in the fight against poverty and in individual environmental projects.

Whether Chinese culture will become more popular worldwide in the future depends above all on China's development in the global ranking in the areas of corruption, environmental protection and freedom.

==5. China modernisiert sich mit seinen eigenen Merkmalen. Was sind Ihrer Meinung nach die traditionellen Elemente von Chinas Modernisierung?==
中国在走有自己特色的现代化道路。你认为中国现代化中蕴含哪些传统要素？

Die Modernisierung im Allgemeinen findet überall auf der Welt statt. Sie ist der biologischen Evolution sehr ähnlich: Es gibt einen Wettbewerb, und die wirtschaftlichen Entwicklungen, die die beste Entwicklung ermöglichen, gewinnen. Es ist also richtig zu sagen, dass jedes Land seine eigenen Merkmale hat, und es ist auch richtig, dass sich alle Länder auf die eine oder andere Weise langfristig modernisieren.

世界各地在普遍的进行现代化建设。这与生物进化论非常相似：存在着竞争，能够实现最佳发展的经济发展体获胜。因此，说每个国家都有自己的特点是正确的，从长远来看，所有国家都会以这样或那样的方式进行现代化，这也是事实。

China hatte bereits seit der Qin-Dynastie ein hohes zivilisatorisches Niveau erreicht und verspürte keinen Druck zur Weiterentwicklung, bis die industrielle Revolution Europa vorauseilte. Als China erkannte, dass es sich weiterentwickeln musste, lernte es von Europa und behielt dennoch viel von seiner kulturellen Identität und seinen Traditionen. Als dieses größte Volk der Welt den Weg des wirtschaftlichen Aufschwungs einschlug, wurde China zur größten Volkswirtschaft der Welt.

自秦朝以来，中国已经达到了很高的文明水平，直到工业革命在欧洲发生之前，中国没有感到进一步发展的压力。当中国意识到它需要发展时，它向欧洲学习，但又保留了许多文化特性和传统。随着这个世界上最大的国家走上了经济发展的道路，中国成为世界上最大的经济体。

Nun ist die globale evolutionäre wirtschaftliche Entwicklung an einem Punkt angelangt, an dem sich die Prinzipien "Fortschritt um jeden Preis" und "wirtschaftlicher Gewinn auf Kosten der Umwelt" als Sackgasse erwiesen haben. Auch China hat begonnen, das Konzept des "moderaten Wachstums zur Erreichung moderaten Wohlstands" zu ändern und die "Wachstumswirtschaft" durch eine "Kreislaufwirtschaft" zu ersetzen. China hat Konzepte wie "erneuerbare Energie statt fossiler Energie" und "gemeinsame Wirtschaft statt Abfallwirtschaft" übernommen.

现在，全球进化型经济发展已经到了一个地步，"不惜代价的进步 "和 "以牺牲环境为代价的经济利益 "的原则已经被证明是一个死胡同。中国也开始改变 "适度增长，实现小康 "的概念，用 "循环经济 "取代 "增长经济"。中国采用了 "以可再生能源替代化石能源 "和 "以共享经济替代废物管理 "等概念。

Der chinesische Weg der Modernisierung in den letzten 40 Jahren folgt demselben Pfad wie die globale Modernisierung. Allerdings hat jedes Land seine eigenen Merkmale und ein einzigartiges Umfeld. China hat die größten Probleme in den Bereichen Korruption, Umweltverschmutzung, Schutz von Minderheitensprachen, -kulturen und -religionen, Rechtsstaatlichkeit, Schutz der Privatsphäre und der Freiheiten des Einzelnen usw., aber es war erfolgreich bei der Bekämpfung der Armut und der Anhebung des Lebensstandards der Menschen. Dies zeigt, dass der Weg nicht dadurch entstanden ist, dass immer mehr Menschen auf ihm marschieren, sondern durch eine Regierung, die den Weg vorgibt und bereit ist, sich die Wege anderer Nationen anzuschauen und von ihnen zu lernen, um einen Weg für China zu finden. Wie es im Text des deutschen Liedes "Dieser Weg" heißt: "Dieser Weg" ist nicht leicht, "dieser Weg" ist voller Dornen und Mühsal. (Dieser Weg wird nicht leichter sein, dieser Weg wird steinig und schwer.)

过去的40年里，中国的现代化道路与全球的现代化道路相同。然而，每个国家都有自己的特点和独特的环境。中国在腐败、污染、保护少数民族语言、文化和宗教、法治、保护隐私和个人自由等方面存在最大的问题，但它在消除贫困和提高人民生活水平方面是成功的。这表明，这条道路不是由越来越多的人在上面游行创造出来的，而是由一个政府制定的道路，并愿意看一看和学习其他国家的道路，为中国找到一条道路。正像德语歌《这条路（dieser Weg）》歌词唱的那样：“这条路”不轻松，“这条路”充满荆棘和艰辛。（Dieser Weg wird kein leichter sein, Dieser Weg wird steinig und schwer.）

Um zu verstehen, wer man heute ist, muss man seine Geschichte kennen. Deshalb ist es wichtig, die Geschichte in gemeinsamen Gremien mit anderen Ländern zu dokumentieren, um zu Schulbüchern zu kommen, die überall auf der Welt dasselbe lehren. Dazu gehört auch, sich der Erfolge und Misserfolge in der eigenen Geschichte bewusst zu werden und bereit zu sein, eigene Fehler einzugestehen. Deutschland hat diese schmerzhafte Vergangenheitsbewältigung bereits in Angriff genommen, China sollte folgen und Japan hat vielleicht noch den längsten Weg zu dieser Haltung vor sich. Nur wer seine eigenen Fehler eingestehen kann, kann wirkliche Würde und Größe erlangen. Bescheidenheit und Selbstkultivierung ist eine der ältesten chinesischen Traditionen, die auch von so unterschiedlichen Philosophen wie Konfuzius und Laozi propagiert wurde.

要了解今天的你是谁，你必须了解你的历史。这就是为什么在与其他国家的联合机构中，记录历史是很重要的，以便达成在全世界范围内教授相同内容的教科书。这也包括意识到自己历史上的成功和失败，并准备承认自己的错误。德国已经开始了这个与过去和解的痛苦过程，中国应该效仿，而日本要接受这个目标，也许还有最长的路要走。只有那些能够承认自己错误的人，才能获得真正的尊严和伟大。谦虚和自我修养是中国最古老的传统之一，也是由孔子和老子等不同的哲学家所宣传的。

Den Künsten und Geisteswissenschaften sowie dem menschlichen und kulturellen Austausch mit anderen Ländern mehr Raum zu geben, trägt dazu bei, die kulturelle Identität und das Selbstvertrauen in die eigene einzigartige Zivilisation zu fördern, sie zum Blühen zu bringen und sie für andere Menschen in der Welt attraktiver zu machen.

给予艺术和人文以及与其他国家的人文交流更多的空间，有助于促进文化认同和对自己独特的文明自信，使其蓬勃发展，对世界上其他国家更有吸引力。

===5. China is modernizing with its own characteristics. What do you think are the traditional elements of China's modernization?===

The modernization in general takes place all over the world. It is very much like biological evolution: There is competition and the economical developments which allow a the best development will win. So it is true to say that every country has its own characteristics and it is also true to say that all countries modernize in the one way or the other in the long run.

China had reached a high level of civilization already since Qin dynasty and did not experience pressure for further development until the Industrial Revolution brought Europe ahead. When China realized that it needed to develop further, it learned from Europe and still kept much of its cultural identity and traditions. Once this largest people of the world joined the path of economical boom, China became the largest economy in the world.

Now the global evolutionary economical development has come to a point, where the principles of "progress at all costs" and "economical profit on the cost of environmental pollution" have shown that they are a dead end. Also China has started to change the concept to "moderate growth to achieve moderate wealth" and to replace "growth economy" with "circle economy". China has adapted concepts of "renewable energy instead of fossile energy" and "shared economy instead of waste economy".

The Chinese way of modernization in the past 40 years follows the same path as global modernization. However, every country has its unique characteristics and a unique setting. China faces the biggest problems in corruption, pollution, protection of minority languages, cultures and religion, rule of law, protection of data privacy and freedoms of individuals etc. but it was successful in poverty allevation and the raise of living standard of the people. This shows that the path was not formed by more and more people marching on it, but by a government leading the way and being willing to look at the pathes of other nations to learn from them in order to find a way for China. As the lyrics of the German song "Dieser Weg" say: "This road" is not easy, "this road" is full of thorns and hardships. (Dieser Weg wird kein leichter sein, dieser Weg wird steinig und schwer.)

To understand who you are today, you need to know your history. Therefore it is important to document history in joint committees with other countries, to come to textbooks which teach the same all over the world. This includes to become aware of success stories and failures in your own history and to be willing to admit own mistakes. Germany has already undertaken this painful coming to terms with the past, China should follow and Japan may have the longest way to go to achieve this attitude. Only if you can admit your own mistakes, you can achieve real dignity and greatness. Humbleness and self-cultivation is one of the oldest Chinese traditions, also propagated by such different philosophers like Confucius and Laozi.

Giving more space to the arts and humanities and to human and cultural exchanges with other countries helps to foster cultural identity and self-confidence in one's own unique civilization, making it flourish and making it more attractive to other people in the world.

==6. Die chinesische Führung hat vorgeschlagen, eine menschliche Schicksalsgemeinschaft und eine bessere Zukunft für die Menschheit aufzubauen. Die heutige Welt birgt das Risiko von Spaltung und Konfrontation. Welche Grundsätze sollten Ihrer Meinung nach beim Austausch von Zivilisationen in der heutigen Welt beachtet werden?==

中国领导人曾提出，要建立人类命运共同体，为人类创造更美好的未来。当今世界存在分裂和对抗的风险。你认为在当今世界的文明交流中应该遵守哪些原则？

Es ist positiv, dass sich China für die globale Zukunft einsetzt und an die Solidarität aller Menschen und aller Länder der Welt appelliert. Ich teile nicht die Ansicht, dass die Welt von heute mehr als früher von Spaltung und Konfrontation bedroht ist. Die größte Spaltung und Konfrontation hatten wir während der beiden Weltkriege und des Kalten Krieges. Heute haben wir eine viel stärker vernetzte und voneinander abhängige Welt. Und der Krieg wird niemals akzeptiert: Auch wenn er im Nachhinein eine Veränderung zum Besseren bewirken kann, und dieses Gute kommt als Tribut an die Toten, müssen die Lebenden weiterleben, um der Toten willen.

中国正在为全球的未来而努力，呼吁世界上所有的人和所有的国家团结起来，这是积极的。我不同意这样的观点：今天的世界比过去更受分裂和对抗的威胁。在两次世界大战和冷战期间，我们有最大的分裂和对抗。今天，我们有一个更加相互联系和相互依赖的世界。而战争永远不被接受：即使战争之后可能真的带来了一个美好的变化，而这些美好是来祭奠死去的人，活着的人要继续活下去，为了死去的人。

Wir haben bereits eine Menge erreicht: Wir haben die Sklaverei, die Kolonialisierung usw. überwunden und es ist uns gelungen, Wissen zwischen dem Westen und dem Osten auszutauschen und alle von der Modernisierung und dem technischen Fortschritt profitieren zu lassen.

我们已经取得了很多成就：我们已经克服了奴隶制、殖民化等问题，我们已经成功地在东西方间交流知识，让每个人都从现代化和技术进步中受益。

Die Prinzipien für den Austausch der Zivilisationen in der heutigen Welt sollten sein: Der deutsche Philosoph und Frühsozialist Karl Marx hat propagiert, dass die Kategorie der Nationen obsolet wird, wir sollten zuerst dem Menschen dienen und ihn mit einer globalen gesellschaftlichen Infrastruktur versorgen.

当今世界文明交流的原则应该是：德国哲学家和早期社会主义者卡尔·马克思宣传到，国家的类别正在变得过时，我们应该首先为人类服务，并为他提供一个全球性的社会基础设施。

In einem freien Umfeld, in dem alle Menschen und jedes menschliche Wesen in einer sauberen Umwelt leben und ihre Freiheiten ausüben können, solange sie die Freiheiten anderer nicht behindern, spielen Kulturen und Zivilisationen eine wichtige Rolle für die Identität und Verwurzelung der Menschen. Die reiche chinesische Kultur, die reiche Geschichte und die reichen Werte sind nicht nur mit den internationalen menschlichen Werten vereinbar, sondern sie zielen sogar auf dasselbe ab. Jeder Mensch sollte die Freiheit haben, sich in der Kultur zu entfalten, die ihm am besten gefällt. Ich schlage vor, dass, solange wir noch das Konzept der Nationen haben, jeder Mensch auf der Welt, der Chinese sein möchte, ein "kultureller Chinese" werden darf und jeder Mensch auf der Welt, der Franzose, US-Amerikaner oder Deutscher sein möchte, ein "kultureller Franzose", ein "kultureller US-Amerikaner" usw. werden darf.

在一个自由的环境中，所有的人和每个人都可以生活在一个干净的环境中，只要不妨碍他人的自由，就可以行使自己的自由，文化和文明在人们的身份和根基方面发挥着重要作用。中国丰富的文化、丰富的历史和丰富的价值观，不仅与国际人类价值观相通，甚至目标一致。每个人都应该有在最适合自己的文化中发展的自由。我建议，只要我们还有国家的概念，就应该允许世界上每个想做中国人的人成为 "文化中国人"，允许世界上每个想做法国人、美国人或德国人的人成为 "文化法国人"、"文化美国人"，等等。

Wir müssen die Teilung der Welt in zwei Blöcke, die so genannten autoritären Länder und die so genannten Demokratien, überwinden. Stattdessen stehen alle Länder vor den gleichen Herausforderungen: der Kampf gegen COVID und andere Pandemien, der Schutz der Umwelt, der Kampf gegen Korruption, die Bekämpfung der Armut, das Streben nach mehr Freiheit für ihre Bürger, mehr Rechtsstaatlichkeit, Menschenrechte usw. Manche Länder schneiden ihren Bürgern die Zehen ab, damit sie in ihre Schuhe passen. Wenn wir jedem Volk und jedem Menschen erlauben, seine eigenen passenden Schuhe, seine eigene kulturelle Identität zu wählen, müssen keine Zehen mehr abgeschnitten werden. Wenn jeder die Freiheit hat, sein eigenes Kulturland zu wählen, kann er stattdessen eine tiefere und deutlichere Bindung zu seinem Geburtsland haben.

我们必须克服把世界分成两个集团的做法——即所谓的专制国家和所谓的民主国家。相反，所有国家都面临同样的挑战：抗击COVID和其他流行病，保护环境，打击腐败，消除贫困，为公民争取更多的自由，更多的法治，人权等等。有些国家为了穿上鞋子，把公民的脚趾砍掉。如果我们允许每个国家和每个人选择他们自己合适的鞋子，他们自己的文化身份，就没有必要砍掉脚趾。当大家都被允许自由选择文化的自身祖国，可能反而会有更深更明确的感情对于自己出生的国家。

Da die heutige Welt von Nationen regiert wird, stehen diese Nationen vor gemeinsamen globalen Herausforderungen. Die größten Länder verursachen die größte Umweltverschmutzung und haben die größte Verantwortung. Es gibt auch einige Länder, die die internationale Weltordnung, die internationale Sicherheitsarchitektur und die Souveränität anderer Länder nicht respektieren, sondern ihr Territorium ausweiten. Gegen diese Länder muss die Weltgemeinschaft mit einer Koalition der Solidarität vorgehen.

由于今天的世界是由国家管理的，这些国家面临着共同的全球挑战。最大的国家造成的污染最多，责任也最大。也有一些国家不尊重国际世界秩序、国际安全架构和其他国家的主权，扩张自己的领土。正是针对这些国家，国际社会必须以团结的联盟采取行动。

===6. The Chinese leadership has proposed to build a human community of destiny and a better future for mankind. Today's world carries the risk of division and confrontation. What principles do you think should be observed in the exchange of civilizations in today's world?===

It is positive, that China engages for the global future and appeals to the solidarity of all people and all countries in the world. I do not share the view that today's world bears more risk than before of division and confrontation. The biggest division and confrontation we had were the two world wars and the cold war. Today we have a much more connected and interdependent world. And war is never accepted: even though the war may actually bring a wonderful change afterwards, and these beauties come to pay tribute to the dead, the living have to continue living, for the sake of the dead.

We have already achieved a lot: We have overcome slavery, colonialization etc. and we have managed to exchange knowledge between the West and the East and to let everybody benefit from modernization and technological progress.

The principles for the exchange of civilizations in todays world should be: The German philosopher and early social scientist Karl Marx has propagated, that the category of nations will become obsolete, we should serve the human being first and supply him with a global societal infrastructure.

In a free setting, where all people and every human being can live in a clean environment and pursue their freedoms as long as they do not hinder the freedoms of others, cultures and civilizations play an important role for identity and rooting people. The Chinese rich culture, rich history and rich values are not only compatible with international human values, but they are actually targeting the same. Every human being should be free to grow in the culture he or she likes most. I suggest that as long as we still have the concept of nations, every human being in the world who wants to be Chinese, should be allowed to become a "cultural Chinese" and every human being in the world who wants to be French, US-American or German should be allowed to become a "cultural French", a "cultural US-American" etc.

We have to overcome the division of the world into two blocks, the so-called authoritative countries and the so-called democracies. Instead, all countries face the same challenges: the fight against COVID and other pandemics, the protection of the environment, the fight against corruption, the alevation of poverty, the strive for more freedom of their citizens, more rule-of-law, human rights etc. Some countries cut the toes of their citizens to make them fit into the shoes. If we allow each people and each human being to choose their own fitting shoes, their own cultural identity, not toes need to be cut any more.

Since today's world is ruled by nations, these nations face common global challenges. The biggest countries produce the biggest pollution and have the biggest responsibilities.
There are also some countries who do not respect the international world order, the international security architecture, and the souvereignty of other countries but expand their territories. These countries need to be addressed with a coalition of solidarity by the world community.

2022 Interview by Lou Kang

2022-06-18T08:04:12Z

You Tianwei: /* 1 Do you visit the local area before translating a novel that is particularly localized? */

Back to [[JM]] Overview Page

=Interview=
==1 在翻译一部本土化气息特别浓的小说前，是否会到当地进行走访呢？==

===1 Do you visit the local area before translating a novel that is particularly localized?===

Although there are also good translations of translators who have not visited the original sites, I think it is very important that the translator deeply immerses into the social-historical situation of the original. I met Jia Pingwa in Xi'an and he showed me his home full of regional artefacts like wooden masks and explained the regional cultural roots of these artefacts to me. I have also heard from a lot of Chinese colleagues, who study foreign authors, that they visit the places of their works and their graves to get an impression of the atmosphere. A lot of actors dive into the life of the historical characters they are acting.

I personally have spent as much time as I could on the traces of Cao Xueqin since when I was a student at Peking University. Very helpful were the Red Chamber Research Institute (中国艺术研究院红楼梦研究所), where I got the present of the Hongloumeng Dictionary 《红楼梦大辞典》, the Cao Xueqin Remembrance Site (曹雪芹纪念馆) at the foot of the Xiangshan, I have visted the reconstructed Daguanyuan (北京大观园), and the Gugong (故宫), have eaten some of the dishes presented in the novel and spent some time time in Nanking. The most I have learned from the diverse research literature in China and abroad and from attending Redology conferences in China, where the newest research results were presented by colleagues. I have read more about what was life like in the times of Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong and about Manchu culture, the Banner system. However, the main task is to take the readers by the hand and abduct to China 250 years back in time and to make the bustling life of that time become alive again. To bring the novel into today's world, I also participated in a project to recreate the novel in the form of a D Book, which is a pocket size book adding songs and video clips to the novel text with QR codes, visible on smart devices and also on Google glasses, one of the most successful items at the Frankfurt book fair. In this way, we could also win younger readers in Germany to read this Chinese classic.

I have done so similarly with Mian Mian's novel Panda Sex, I visited her in Shanghai and she showed me all the places who appear in the novel. What I found out there was, that the novel was actually a recording of her life. Similarly, I met Wang Meng on December 2, 1992 and several times later in Germany and at Harvard University. On May 25, 2009, I spoke with Han Han on the phone, I read his blogs, watched his films and TV series, when I translated three of his novels. I also introduced Han Han's interview to the German readers in the most important German newspaper. On September 12, 2009, I met Mo Yan in Frankfurt three years before he was awarded the Nobel Prize. I published an interview with him and introduced him more to German readers. All of these and was a small mosaic part of his promotion to be awarded the prize. I met Yu Hua in Beijing and was impressed, that this great author treated his translators without any airs and graces, but as equals.
<span style="color:red">這一部分就紅色</span>了。

===1 Besuchen Sie die lokale Umgebung, bevor Sie einen Roman übersetzen, der besonders lokalisiert ist?===

Obwohl es auch gute Übersetzungen von Übersetzern gibt, die die Originalschauplätze nicht besucht haben, halte ich es für sehr wichtig, dass der Übersetzer tief in die sozialgeschichtliche Situation des Originals eintaucht. Ich traf Jia Pingwa in Xi'an und er zeigte mir sein Haus voller regionaler Artefakte wie Holzmasken und erklärte mir die regionalen kulturellen Wurzeln dieser Artefakte. Ich habe auch von vielen chinesischen Kollegen, die sich mit ausländischen Autoren beschäftigen, gehört, dass sie die Orte ihrer Werke und ihre Gräber besuchen, um einen Eindruck von der Atmosphäre zu bekommen. Viele Schauspieler tauchen in das Leben der historischen Figuren ein, die sie spielen.

Ich persönlich habe so viel Zeit wie möglich auf den Spuren von Cao Xueqin verbracht, seit ich Student an der Universität Peking war. Sehr hilfreich war dabei das Red Chamber Research Institute (中国艺术研究院红楼梦研究所), wo ich das Hongloumeng-Wörterbuch 《红楼梦大辞典》 geschenkt bekam, die Cao Xueqin-Gedenkstätte (曹雪芹纪念馆) am Fuße des Xiangshan, Ich habe das rekonstruierte Daguanyuan (北京大观园) und das Gugong (故宫) besichtigt, einige der im Roman vorgestellten Gerichte gegessen und einige Zeit in Nanking verbracht. Das meiste habe ich aus der vielfältigen Forschungsliteratur in China und im Ausland gelernt und aus der Teilnahme an Redology-Konferenzen in China, wo die neuesten Forschungsergebnisse von Kollegen vorgestellt wurden. Ich habe mehr darüber gelesen, wie das Leben zu Zeiten von Kangxi, Yongzheng und Qianlong aussah und über die Mandschu-Kultur, das Bannersystem. Die Hauptaufgabe besteht jedoch darin, die Leser an die Hand zu nehmen und nach China zu entführen, 250 Jahre zurück in die Vergangenheit, und das pulsierende Leben von damals wieder lebendig werden zu lassen. Um den Roman in die heutige Welt zu bringen, habe ich auch an einem Projekt teilgenommen, bei dem der Roman in Form eines D-Books neu aufgelegt wurde, einem Buch im Taschenformat, das den Text des Romans mit Liedern und Videoclips ergänzt und mit QR-Codes versehen ist, die auf Smart-Devices und auch auf Google-Brillen sichtbar sind, einem der erfolgreichsten Artikel auf der Frankfurter Buchmesse. Auf diese Weise konnten wir auch jüngere Leser in Deutschland für diesen chinesischen Klassiker gewinnen.

Ähnlich habe ich es mit Mian Mians Roman Panda Sex gemacht, ich habe sie in Shanghai besucht und sie hat mir alle Orte gezeigt, die in dem Roman vorkommen. Dabei habe ich herausgefunden, dass der Roman eigentlich eine Aufzeichnung ihres Lebens ist. In ähnlicher Weise traf ich Wang Meng am 2. Dezember 1992 und später mehrmals in Deutschland und an der Harvard University. Am 25. Mai 2009 habe ich mit Han Han telefoniert, seine Blogs gelesen, seine Filme und Fernsehserien gesehen und drei seiner Romane übersetzt. Außerdem habe ich den deutschen Lesern ein Interview mit Han Han in der wichtigsten deutschen Zeitung vorgestellt. Am 12. September 2009 traf ich Mo Yan in Frankfurt, drei Jahre bevor er den Nobelpreis erhielt. Ich habe ein Interview mit ihm veröffentlicht und ihn den deutschen Lesern näher vorgestellt. All das war ein kleiner Mosaikstein in seiner Werbung für die Verleihung des Preises. Ich habe Yu Hua in Peking getroffen und war beeindruckt, dass dieser große Autor seine Übersetzer ohne Starallüren, sondern auf Augenhöhe behandelt.

==2 能否拿《红楼梦》举例，在翻译中国古代作品的时候，如何尽可能的避免翻译里面带来的文化空白问题？==
===Can you take the example of the Dream of the Red Chamber: How to avoid cultural gaps in the translation of ancient Chinese works?===

There are gaps in time and space. When Jia Baoyu addresses his grandmother, he does not call her "grandma", but "Jia Mu", the same with his father, mother, cousins etc., which are addressed with their absolute, not relative position, like "third master" etc. This is common 250 years ago in China, and it was common 250 years ago in Europe. So it is more a gap in time than in culture. Therefore, if the translator decides to follow a communicative strategy, he may turn it into the direct form "grandma, father, mother" to make the text better understandable (localization). If one values the authenticity of the original and the last manuscript version of the author before publication, one can keep the original indirect addressing, making the text sound more distant and formal (foreignization) to today's readers.

The language in the Red Chamber Dreams is more indirect, sexuality is mostly described with "the play of clouds and rain". Minford has solved that problem by describing two scenes in more detail than they are described in the original.

Even the plants described in the novel are not so common in Europe. In Europe, the trees who keep their needle like green leaves even during the winter, are "conifers", with the "pine" as the most common sort. In China, the "Platycladus Orientalis", is seen most often. Both trees belong to the "coniferous" trees, the most obvious difference is that the leaves are thin almost like needles in Europe, but larger in China. However, when translating the conifer (柏) with "Platycladus Orientalis", European readers will always think of an exotic environment. This translation strategy is called "foreignization". In the original, mentioning the "conifer" was mainly to create an impression of ever green trees common in Qing China. Therefore, it is considerable to translate "柏", "柏树", "松柏树" with "conifer", a strategy called "localization". This makes sure that the European reader is not mislead and does not pay attention to unwanted details, but can follow the story line.

However, the "localization" of the law enforcement troops in the novel, who confiscate the Jia's families fortune and capture family members, fulfill functions like todays police in the West. However, to translate the law enforcement troops with "police" may astonish the readers at that place in the story, because it sounds modern. Therefore, the more foreignizing, even exoticizing term "gold jackets" may appear more appropriate. These kinds of choices have constantly to be made in the translation process and everybody may have a different opinion, what choices are the most appropriate, however, nobody frees the translator from the burden to make the choices. Important is, that a translator should never stick to his first choice for all of the different revised editions during his or her lifetime. A translator should always be open to suggestions from colleagues, Redology experts and readers. Therefore, to translate a word in one way may be a good choice in the 2000's and to translate it differently may be a good choice in the 2020's. It also depends on the targeted readers and what impression one wants to leave on them. If the targeted readers are Redologists, one can stick more to the original and give less explanations (foreignization), if the targeted readers are the masses, one may be freer and bring the text closer to the readers (localization).

===Können Sie das Beispiel des Traums von der Roten Kammer nehmen: Wie lassen sich kulturelle Lücken bei der Übersetzung alter chinesischer Werke vermeiden?===

Es gibt Lücken in Zeit und Raum. Wenn Jia Baoyu seine Großmutter anspricht, nennt er sie nicht "Großmutter", sondern "Jia Mu", dasselbe gilt für seinen Vater, seine Mutter, seine Cousins usw., die mit ihrer absoluten, nicht relativen Position angesprochen werden, wie "dritter Meister" usw. Dies war vor 250 Jahren in China üblich, und es war auch vor 250 Jahren in Europa üblich. Es handelt sich also eher um eine zeitliche als um eine kulturelle Lücke. Wenn sich der Übersetzer also für eine kommunikative Strategie entscheidet, kann er es in die direkte Form "Oma, Vater, Mutter" umwandeln, um den Text besser verständlich zu machen (Lokalisierung). Legt man Wert auf die Authentizität des Originals und der letzten Manuskriptversion des Autors vor der Veröffentlichung, kann man die ursprüngliche indirekte Anrede beibehalten, wodurch der Text für heutige Leser distanzierter und förmlicher klingt (Verfremdung).

Die Sprache in den Red Chamber Dreams ist indirekter, Sexualität wird meist mit dem "Spiel von Wolken und Regen" beschrieben. Minford hat dieses Problem gelöst, indem er zwei Szenen ausführlicher als im Original beschrieben hat.

Auch die im Roman beschriebenen Pflanzen sind in Europa nicht so verbreitet. In Europa sind die Bäume, die ihre nadelartigen grünen Blätter auch im Winter behalten, "Nadelbäume", wobei die "Kiefer" die häufigste Art ist. In China ist der "Platycladus Orientalis" am häufigsten anzutreffen. Beide Bäume gehören zu den "Nadelbäumen", der offensichtlichste Unterschied ist, dass die Blätter in Europa dünn, fast wie Nadeln sind, in China jedoch größer. Bei der Übersetzung des Nadelbaums (柏) mit "Platycladus Orientalis" werden europäische Leser jedoch immer an eine exotische Umgebung denken. Diese Übersetzungsstrategie wird als "Verfremdung" bezeichnet. Im Original diente die Erwähnung der "Konifere" hauptsächlich dazu, den Eindruck von immergrünen Bäumen zu erwecken, die im China der Qing-Zeit üblich waren. Daher ist es sinnvoll, "柏", "柏树", "松柏树" mit "Nadelbaum" zu übersetzen, eine Strategie, die "Lokalisierung" genannt wird. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, dass der europäische Leser nicht in die Irre geführt wird und nicht auf unerwünschte Details achtet, sondern der Handlung folgen kann.

Die "Lokalisierung" der Ordnungskräfte im Roman, die das Vermögen der Familie Jia konfiszieren und Familienmitglieder gefangen nehmen, erfüllt jedoch die Funktionen der heutigen Polizei im Westen. Die Gesetzeshüter mit "Polizei" zu übersetzen, könnte jedoch die Leser an dieser Stelle der Geschichte verwundern, weil es modern klingt. Daher erscheint der eher verfremdende, ja exotisierende Begriff "Goldjacken" vielleicht angemessener. Solche Entscheidungen müssen im Übersetzungsprozess immer wieder getroffen werden, und jeder mag eine andere Meinung darüber haben, welche Wahl die geeignetste ist, aber niemand entbindet den Übersetzer von der Pflicht, diese Entscheidungen zu treffen. Wichtig ist, dass ein Übersetzer nie bei seiner ersten Wahl für alle verschiedenen überarbeiteten Ausgaben seines Lebens bleiben sollte. Ein Übersetzer sollte immer offen für Vorschläge von Kollegen, Redologieexperten und Lesern sein. Daher kann es in den 2000er Jahren eine gute Wahl sein, ein Wort auf eine bestimmte Weise zu übersetzen, und in den 2020er Jahren kann es eine gute Wahl sein, es anders zu übersetzen. Es hängt auch davon ab, an welche Leser man sich wendet und welchen Eindruck man bei ihnen hinterlassen möchte. Handelt es sich bei der Zielgruppe um Redologen, kann man sich mehr an das Original halten und weniger Erklärungen geben (Fremdsprachigkeit), handelt es sich bei der Zielgruppe um die breite Masse, kann man freier sein und den Text den Lesern näher bringen (Lokalisierung).

==3 在翻译中遇到的最麻烦的翻译问题会是哪一类？是由于什么方面的文化差异造成的呢？==
Culture-loaded words 文化负载词
饮食、服装、迷信相关的词句

中西文化各方面的差异
===3 What are the most troublesome translation problems encountered in translation? What are the cultural differences that cause them===

Like escimos, who have several terms to describe "snow", there are some terms in Chinese who have more terms in Western languages so that the translator needs to decide. One of the more difficult tasks was that the term "姑娘", which is used not only by masters addressing their offspring, but also addressing their servants and even by the servants addressing female masters, like Lin Daiyu (e.g. chapter 82). So it needs to be translated into "Master", "daughter", "Miss" depending on who is using it to address whom. Sometimes one term in Chinese describes several different things in Western languages, so you have to decide as translators.
Most troublesome is background knowledge of Chinese readers, especially with parts of Chinese characters referred to, motifs in poems, which refer back to a whole cosmos of earlier poems and stories they evoke in the Chinese readers minds. When Lin Daiyu quotes verses from the "West Chamber", Jia Baoyu immediately knows that she is in love with him. These subtle things need to be expressed between the lines, without that the Western readers know the "Romance of the Western Chamber".

Here are some examples, where further explanations in the text or annotations are helpful: In chapter 92, Baoyu mentions several historical female figures familiar to the Chinese reader, but not to the Western: "[...]班婕妤、蔡文姬、谢道韫诸人。" This became a very long translation in German: "die belesene Konkubine des Herrschers Tscheng-di von Han Ban Djie-yü und die zwei Dichterinnen Tsai Wën-dji und Hsie Dau-yün".

Troublesome are also culture-loaded words, like when names for Chinese clothing, Chinese dishes and customs are mentioned. Some of these terms are not totally clear even for Chinese readers. In these cases, the translation needs to give more explanations in order to keep the focus of the reader on the story and not to distract them with things, which were not intended to distract the original readers. Also superstitious beliefs (迷信) are mentioned at several places in the novel. Sometimes we have "false friends", e.g. when a witch is sticking needles into puppets. This is familiar to us with the witches tradition and the Woodoo cult. However, we can not simply use the familiar Western terms for it, because these cultural parallels have their local genuine traditions and may have developed independently from another or there have been some kind of cultural exchanges. In any case it is important to make differences clear and not to make the reader mix up things. Also that Jia Zheng in chapter 120 is not recognizing his son Jia Baoyu, who is somehow leaving the earthly world, is parallel to stories familiar to Western readers from the bible. However, even these paralells earn an appropriate translation in their local tradition and context to raise awareness for cultural traditions.

At one time, the clothes of the Prince of Beijing are referred to as wearing the 江牙海水五爪龙 pattern. Without explanations, Western readers may not know that the expression is colloquial for the pattern 海水江崖纹, which displays five claw dragons above troubled river water, and that this pattern was reserved for the emperor or the imperial family. Therefore mentioning this pattern detail of his clothes supports the high position and authority of the Prince of Beijing. A lot of clothes are described and many of them mix Manchu and Han culture, even Western materials and influences can be found. Many of the cultural items described in the novel are not genuinely Chinese, but found their present appearance through mixing and mingling. Cao Xueqin plays with the different cultures and even reduces hints to set his novel in Qing Dynasty. This is not only a way to create a timeless novel of eternal value, it shows the intercultural attitude and tolerancce of Cao Xueqin. Also within the Chinese culture, he was engaged to help the poor and the weak. This is a Chinese value, but it is also a common international value of human civilization throughout cultures.

===3 Was sind die lästigsten Probleme bei der Übersetzung? Was sind die kulturellen Unterschiede, die sie verursachen===

Wie bei den Eskimos, für die es mehrere Begriffe zur Beschreibung von "Schnee" gibt, gibt es im Chinesischen einige Begriffe, für die es in westlichen Sprachen mehrere Begriffe gibt, so dass der Übersetzer eine Entscheidung treffen muss. Eine der schwierigeren Aufgaben war der Begriff "姑娘", der nicht nur von Herren verwendet wird, die ihre Nachkommen ansprechen, sondern auch von ihren Dienern und sogar von den Dienern, die weibliche Herren ansprechen, wie Lin Daiyu (z. B. Kapitel 82). Es muss also mit "Meister", "Tochter" oder "Fräulein" übersetzt werden, je nachdem, wer wen damit anspricht. Manchmal beschreibt ein Begriff im Chinesischen mehrere verschiedene Dinge in westlichen Sprachen, so dass Sie als Übersetzer entscheiden müssen.
Am problematischsten ist das Hintergrundwissen der chinesischen Leser, vor allem, wenn auf Teile chinesischer Schriftzeichen Bezug genommen wird, auf Motive in Gedichten, die auf einen ganzen Kosmos früherer Gedichte und Geschichten verweisen, die sie in den Köpfen der chinesischen Leser hervorrufen. Wenn Lin Daiyu Verse aus der "Westkammer" zitiert, weiß Jia Baoyu sofort, dass sie in ihn verliebt ist. Diese subtilen Dinge müssen zwischen den Zeilen ausgedrückt werden, ohne dass die westlichen Leser die "Romanze der Westlichen Kammer" kennen.

Hier sind einige Beispiele, bei denen weitere Erklärungen im Text oder Anmerkungen hilfreich sind: In Kapitel 92 erwähnt Baoyu mehrere historische Frauenfiguren, die dem chinesischen Leser bekannt sind, dem westlichen aber nicht: "[...]班婕妤、蔡文姬、谢道韫诸人。" Daraus wurde eine sehr lange Übersetzung ins Deutsche: "die belesene Konkubine des Herrschers Tscheng-di von Han Ban Djie-yü und die zwei Dichterinnen Tsai Wën-dji und Hsie Dau-yün".

Problematisch sind auch kulturell aufgeladene Wörter, etwa wenn Namen für chinesische Kleidung, chinesische Gerichte und Bräuche genannt werden. Einige dieser Begriffe sind selbst für chinesische Leser nicht ganz klar. In diesen Fällen muss die Übersetzung mehr Erklärungen geben, um den Fokus des Lesers auf der Geschichte zu halten und ihn nicht mit Dingen abzulenken, die den ursprünglichen Leser nicht ablenken sollten. Auch abergläubischer Glaube (迷信) wird an mehreren Stellen des Romans erwähnt. Manchmal haben wir "falsche Freunde", z. B. wenn eine Hexe Nadeln in Puppen sticht. Das ist uns aus der Hexentradition und dem Woodoo-Kult vertraut. Wir können jedoch nicht einfach die vertrauten westlichen Begriffe dafür verwenden, denn diese kulturellen Parallelen haben ihre eigenen authentischen Traditionen und können sich unabhängig voneinander entwickelt haben oder es gab eine Art kulturellen Austausch. In jedem Fall ist es wichtig, die Unterschiede deutlich zu machen und den Leser nicht zu verwechseln. Auch dass Jia Zheng in Kapitel 120 seinen Sohn Jia Baoyu nicht erkennt, der irgendwie die irdische Welt verlässt, ist eine Parallele zu Geschichten, die dem westlichen Leser aus der Bibel bekannt sind. Aber auch diese Parallelen verdienen eine angemessene Übersetzung in ihrer lokalen Tradition und ihrem Kontext, um das Bewusstsein für kulturelle Traditionen zu schärfen.

So wird die Kleidung des Prinzen von Peking einmal als 江牙海水五爪龙-Muster bezeichnet. Ohne Erklärungen wissen westliche Leser vielleicht nicht, dass der Ausdruck umgangssprachlich für das Muster 海水江崖纹 steht, das fünf Krallendrachen über unruhigem Flusswasser zeigt, und dass dieses Muster dem Kaiser oder der kaiserlichen Familie vorbehalten war. Die Erwähnung dieses Musters an seiner Kleidung unterstreicht daher die hohe Stellung und Autorität des Prinzen von Peking. Es wird eine Vielzahl von Kleidungsstücken beschrieben, und viele von ihnen sind eine Mischung aus Mandschu- und Han-Kultur, sogar westliche Materialien und Einflüsse sind zu finden. Viele der im Roman beschriebenen Kulturgüter sind keine echten Chinesen, sondern haben ihr heutiges Aussehen durch Vermischung und Vermengung erhalten. Cao Xueqin spielt mit den verschiedenen Kulturen und macht sogar Andeutungen, dass sein Roman in der Qing-Dynastie spielt. Dies ist nicht nur eine Möglichkeit, einen zeitlosen Roman von ewigem Wert zu schaffen, sondern zeigt auch die interkulturelle Einstellung und Toleranz von Cao Xueqin. Auch innerhalb der chinesischen Kultur engagierte er sich für die Armen und Schwachen. Dies ist ein chinesischer Wert, aber auch ein gemeinsamer internationaler Wert der menschlichen Zivilisation in allen Kulturen.

==4 为什么会关注中国的近现代文学？ ==
===4 Why do you care about modern Chinese literature?===

In my view, the best Chinese literature ever written was Tang poetry (shi). Among prose literature, I like novels like the ''Red Chamber Dreams'' most. It is especially astonishing how modern this genre was 250 years ago. The 2nd best Chinese literature was Republican literature by Lu Xun and others in the 1920s. They not only mastered the difficult task to establish baihuawen as the new written form, but were totally free, learned from both traditional Chinese and Western literature, and wrote the best literature globally at that time. Lu Xun used similar experiments in his literature like Madman's diary, the true story of A Q etc., namely to put a fictional element into a realist setting, like Kafka with the "Metamorphosis". This peak of Chinese literature is unreached until today.

This is why I am more interested in premodern and modern Chinese literature than in the contemporary one. However, even though Chinese literature has lost quality when it took the path of the so-called "engaged literature" in 1927, putting political contents over literary quality, there are still extremely few but notable works of contemporary literature. These are worth to be translated. And I still hope that there will be more high quality literature in the future, which of course needs to learn from foreign literature (like Mo Yan learned from other Nobel Prize works) and which authors need to be able to speak several languages and travel the world. I am sure that in a future China, authors will be able to write freer again and therefore return to the top quality of literature produced in Tang Dynasty and in the 1920s.

Modern literature in China created simply some of the best works of literature in the world. Of course the quality deteriorated, when literature took the path of engaged literature in 1927. But before that was a time of experiments, iconoclasm, Zero-point-literature (the Chinese May Fourth literature has parallels to the German literature after World War II), and Breakup.

===4 Warum interessieren Sie sich für moderne chinesische Literatur?===

Die beste chinesische Literatur, die je geschrieben wurde, ist meiner Meinung nach die Tang-Dichtung (shi). Von der Prosa-Literatur mag ich Romane wie die ''Träume der Roten Kammer'' am liebsten. Es ist besonders erstaunlich, wie modern dieses Genre vor 250 Jahren war. Die zweitbeste chinesische Literatur war die republikanische Literatur von Lu Xun und anderen in den 1920er Jahren. Sie meisterten nicht nur die schwierige Aufgabe, das Baihuawen als neue Schriftform zu etablieren, sondern waren auch völlig frei, lernten sowohl von der traditionellen chinesischen als auch von der westlichen Literatur und schrieben die beste Literatur der Welt zu dieser Zeit. Lu Xun wandte in seiner Literatur ähnliche Experimente an, wie z. B. das Tagebuch des Verrückten, die wahre Geschichte von A Q usw., nämlich ein fiktionales Element in ein realistisches Umfeld zu setzen, wie Kafka in der "Metamorphose". Dieser Gipfel der chinesischen Literatur ist bis heute unerreicht.

Aus diesem Grund interessiere ich mich mehr für die vormoderne und moderne chinesische Literatur als für die zeitgenössische. Doch auch wenn die chinesische Literatur an Qualität verloren hat, als sie 1927 den Weg der so genannten "engagierten Literatur" einschlug und politische Inhalte über literarische Qualität stellte, gibt es doch noch sehr wenige, aber bemerkenswerte Werke der zeitgenössischen Literatur. Diese sind es wert, übersetzt zu werden. Und ich hoffe immer noch, dass es in Zukunft mehr hochwertige Literatur geben wird, die natürlich von ausländischer Literatur lernen muss (wie Mo Yan von anderen Nobelpreiswerken) und deren Autoren mehrere Sprachen sprechen und die Welt bereisen müssen. Ich bin sicher, dass in einem zukünftigen China die Autoren wieder freier schreiben können und somit zu der Spitzenqualität der Literatur aus der Tang-Dynastie und den 1920er Jahren zurückkehren werden.

Die moderne Literatur in China hat einfach einige der besten Literaturwerke der Welt hervorgebracht. Natürlich verschlechterte sich die Qualität, als die Literatur 1927 den Weg der engagierten Literatur einschlug. Aber davor gab es eine Zeit der Experimente, des Bildersturms, der Nullpunkt-Literatur (4. Mai ähnlich wie die deutsche Literatur nach dem 2. Weltkrieg), des Aufbruchs etc.

==5 如果讲广受欢迎的中国近代文学是一部中国近代史的话，你认为中国当代文学作品有什么特点？==
===5 If the popular modern Chinese literature is a history of modern China, what do you think are the characteristics of contemporary Chinese literature?===

In the meantime, master narrators tell us certain decades of Chinese history, Lao She's Tea House, Ba Jin's Family, Qian Zhongshu's Weicheng, Mao Dun's Ziye, Mo Yan's Life and Death are wearing me out, and in newer times Xu Zechen describes life in Haidian since the 1980's, Zhang Jie's Heavy Wings and Yu Hua's "Brothers" explain both sides of the medal of the Reform and Opening Policy.

Contemporary literature is documenting and presenting contemporay Chinese society. We lack the distance of time to evaluate what works of contemporary literature will be regarded as representative for today. Mandarin duck and butterfly literature (鸳鸯蝴蝶派) was the mainstream literature of the 1920s, but today we remember the rebellious baihua literature as being representative of that time.

So the literature appears more diverse today. However, reality itself appears also more diverse today, with people living next door without knowing each other, with people living in filter bubbles and losing the ability to judge what is real and what is fake, to listen, to discuss and to revise their own opinions.

Contemporary Chinese literature produces heros, we need more tragic heros. It follows the paths of affirmative, system stabilizing narratives. It misses alternative narratives, the voice of authoritative critical authors like Guenther Grass in Germany, which also in China was the original role of authors for millenia, but these authors are silent in today's China or have emigrated. According to statistics, Chinese are the most intelligent ethnicity in the world. So they should be generous enough to allow different voices according to the Chinese tradition of "harmonic but of a different opinion" (和而不同).

===5 Wenn die populäre moderne chinesische Literatur eine Geschichte des modernen China ist, was sind dann Ihrer Meinung nach die Merkmale der zeitgenössischen chinesischen Literatur?===

Inzwischen erzählen uns Meistererzähler bestimmte Jahrzehnte der chinesischen Geschichte, Lao She's Tea House, Ba Jin's Family, Qian Zhongshu's Weicheng, Mao Dun's Ziye, Mo Yan's Life and Death are wearing me out, und in neuerer Zeit beschreibt Xu Zechen das Leben in Haidian seit den 1980er Jahren, Zhang Jie's Heavy Wings und Yu Hua's "Brothers" erklären beide Seiten der Medaille der Reform- und Öffnungspolitik.

Die zeitgenössische Literatur dokumentiert und präsentiert die chinesische Gesellschaft der Gegenwart. Uns fehlt der zeitliche Abstand, um zu beurteilen, welche Werke der Gegenwartsliteratur als repräsentativ für die heutige Zeit angesehen werden können. Die mandarinfarbene Enten- und Schmetterlingsliteratur (鸳鸯蝴蝶派) war die tiefe L-Literatur der 1920er Jahre, aber heute erinnern wir uns an die rebellische Baihua-Literatur als repräsentativ für diese Zeit.

So erscheint die Literatur heute vielfältiger. Aber auch die Realität selbst erscheint heute vielfältiger, mit Menschen, die nebeneinander wohnen, ohne sich zu kennen, mit Menschen, die in Filterblasen leben und die Fähigkeit verloren haben, zu beurteilen, was echt und was unecht ist, zuzuhören, zu diskutieren und ihre eigene Meinung zu revidieren.

Die zeitgenössische chinesische Literatur bringt Helden hervor, wir brauchen mehr tragische Helden. Sie folgt den Pfaden der affirmativen, systemstabilisierenden Erzählungen. Sie lässt alternative Erzählungen vermissen, die Stimme maßgeblicher kritischer Autoren wie Günther Grass in Deutschland, was auch in China seit Jahrtausenden die ursprüngliche Rolle von Autoren war, aber diese Autoren schweigen im heutigen China oder sind emigriert. Laut Statistik sind die Chinesen die intelligenteste Ethnie der Welt. Sie sollten also großzügig genug sein, andere Stimmen zuzulassen, gemäß der chinesischen Tradition der "harmonischen, aber anderen Meinung" (和而不同).

===Notes===
（一）现代文学与传统文学的冲突与承传
中国现代文学是在五四时期新的历史条件下产生的，它体现出全新的现代社会、现代人生的精神风貌和崭新的文学表述方式，但它也是几千年中国传统文学发展演进的必然结果。中国现代文学的出现即体现了现代新文学、新文化与传统旧文学、旧文化的根本冲突和根本转折。同时，中国现代文学与它几千年的文学母体也有着难以分割的联系。对传统的反叛往往是创造与更新的重要手段，而对传统精神的批判继承则是继往开来的重要规律。
（二）中外文学的相互交融
五四时期外国文学在中国的译介、传播和影响，对中国现代文学的诞生和发展起到了积极作用，有一些新文学的作家作品甚至是在外国文学的直接影响下出现的。中国现代文学充分吸收了外来各国文学与文化的发展因素。整个中国新文学的形成与世界文学大潮的冲击有着密切关联。
（三）伴随始终的使命感和责任感
时代历史所赋予中国现代文学的特殊使命，使之出现了一大批世纪性的大家与名作，并在整体上形成了自己特有的风格。中国现代文学虽然仅有短短三十年的创作历程，但大家纷涌，名作四起，还出现了一批个性鲜明、风格独特的创作流派。中国现代文学在整体上形成了自己的根本特质：这就是责任感、使命感以及对艺术境界的不懈追寻。这种特质使中国现代文学在思想和艺术上都达到了很高的水准。

==6 当代作品没有像过去那样吸引到海外观众，在您看来原因是什么呢？它们是否和中国的古典文学有差距？==
===6 In your opinion, what are the reasons why contemporary works do not attract overseas audiences as much as they did in the past? Is there a gap between them and the classical Chinese literature?===

The main difference between contemporary and modern Chinese authors is, that the contemporary ones do not read foreign literature on a daily basis, also because they don't know foreign languages any more. Mo Yan, who won the Nobel Prize, has done so, although he read other works which have won the Nobel Prize of literature in Chinese translation.

The main difference between classical authors and contemporary authors is, that contemporary authors are not trained all their life in letters. They do not work hard for several years to pass the Keju. Instead, they are silenced by the banalities of the everyday, they think about buying a flat etc. And of course they cannot be such free thinkers as their counterparts in ancient times, because they live in an extremely regulated, maybe even overregulated and short-living society. They also have less common ground, because the filter bubbles of different countries differ and even the filter bubbles within China.

The best of ancient Chinese literature, especially Tang poetry, is of timeless value, their authors have earned a place in eternity. The artistic transformation process was extremely long in ancient times, today authors may record their half-cooked thoughts by voice recorder and publish them online before they have finished their stumblings.

===6 Was sind Ihrer Meinung nach die Gründe dafür, dass zeitgenössische Werke das Publikum im Ausland nicht mehr so sehr anziehen wie früher? Gibt es eine Kluft zwischen ihnen und der klassischen chinesischen Literatur?===

Der Hauptunterschied zwischen zeitgenössischen und modernen chinesischen Autoren besteht darin, dass die zeitgenössischen Autoren nicht täglich ausländische Literatur lesen, auch weil sie keine Fremdsprachen mehr beherrschen. Mo Yan, der den Nobelpreis erhalten hat, hat dies getan, obwohl er andere Werke, die den Nobelpreis für Literatur erhalten haben, in chinesischer Übersetzung gelesen hat.

Der Hauptunterschied zwischen klassischen Autoren und zeitgenössischen Autoren besteht darin, dass zeitgenössische Autoren nicht ihr ganzes Leben lang für das Schreiben ausgebildet werden. Sie arbeiten nicht mehrere Jahre lang hart, um das Keju zu bestehen. Stattdessen werden sie von den Banalitäten des Alltags zum Schweigen gebracht, sie denken über den Kauf einer Wohnung nach usw. Und natürlich können sie nicht so frei denken wie ihre Pendants in der Antike, denn sie leben in einer extrem regulierten, vielleicht sogar überregulierten und kurzlebigen Gesellschaft. Sie haben auch weniger Gemeinsamkeiten, weil die Filterblasen der verschiedenen Länder und sogar die Filterblasen innerhalb Chinas unterschiedlich sind.

Das Beste der alten chinesischen Literatur, insbesondere die Tang-Dichtung, ist von zeitlosem Wert, ihre Autoren haben sich einen Platz in der Ewigkeit verdient. Der künstlerische Transformationsprozess war in der Antike extrem langwierig, heute können Autoren ihre halbgaren Gedanken mit einem Diktiergerät aufzeichnen und sie online veröffentlichen, bevor sie ihre Gedankengänge beendet haben.

==7 除去鲁迅、余秋雨等人的知名作品，你在挑选近现代翻译作品的时候有什么标准吗？==
===Apart from the well-known works of Lu Xun and Yu Qiuyu, do you have any criteria for selecting modern works for translation?===

The most important reason to me is, if a story grabs me, and may also grab the readers of my target culture. #Examples
受众的接受程度
背景复杂程度

==8 像你提到，一部翻译作品的“异域感”是吸引外国读者阅读的原因之一，除此之外还有别的原因吗？（比如一部小说的历史性背景是否也是原因之一？） ==
===8 As you mentioned, the "exoticism" of a translated work is one of the reasons that attracts foreign readers to read it. Which other reasons are there? (For example, is the historical context of a novel also a reason?)===

Curiosity is a common characteristic of readers all around the world. To discover something new or in greater density, for example to dive into a different place and different time, is attractive. Places and times, which bear mystery, are attractive because of their exoticism. Places and times you adore are also attractive. These can be historical turning points or simply a country you like. China still has a long way to win the hearts of people around the world, but it will be successful the freer and the cleaner it becomes. China may revive their ancient virtues like to base things on merits, to consider criticism as constructive, to admit if one was wrong in ones history, to help the poor, the disadvantaged and the minorities, to put ones own language, culture and nation last, and to be humble. But when it will be successful, then there actually may come a new time of "Chinoiserie", where people in the world simply want to read more Chinese literature, because everything which is Chinese is considered "fancy".

===8 Wie Sie erwähnten, ist die "Exotik" eines übersetzten Werks einer der Gründe, die ausländische Leser zum Lesen anregen. Welche anderen Gründe gibt es noch? (Ist zum Beispiel der historische Kontext eines Romans auch ein Grund?)===

Neugier ist eine gemeinsame Eigenschaft von Lesern auf der ganzen Welt. Etwas Neues oder in größerer Dichte zu entdecken, zum Beispiel in einen anderen Ort und eine andere Zeit einzutauchen, ist attraktiv. Orte und Zeiten, die ein Geheimnis in sich tragen, sind wegen ihrer Exotik attraktiv. Attraktiv sind auch Orte und Zeiten, die Sie verehren. Das können historische Wendepunkte sein oder einfach ein Land, das man mag. China hat noch einen langen Weg vor sich, um die Herzen der Menschen auf der ganzen Welt zu gewinnen, aber es wird erfolgreich sein, je freier und sauberer es wird. China kann seine alten Tugenden wieder aufleben lassen, wie z. B. die Dinge auf Verdiensten aufzubauen, Kritik als konstruktiv zu betrachten, zuzugeben, wenn man sich in seiner Geschichte geirrt hat, den Armen, den Benachteiligten und den Minderheiten zu helfen, die eigene Sprache, Kultur und Nation an die letzte Stelle zu setzen und bescheiden zu sein. Aber wenn das gelingt, dann kann es tatsächlich zu einer neuen Zeit der "Chinoiserie" kommen, in der die Menschen in der Welt einfach mehr chinesische Literatur lesen wollen, weil alles, was chinesisch ist, als "schick" gilt.

本身作品的故事情节以及所营造的脱离现实生活中的世界，就会吸引一部分的读者，比如《哈利波特》这一系列的书籍因为故事中的所营造的霍格沃滋学院是以及作者所塑造的世界都与现实生活完全不一致，但却又十分有趣，因此这异常符合部分读者的阅读兴趣。
另一原因则是出于读者对作者写作风格的喜爱，因而会阅读同一个作者的所有不同作品。

==9 在做了这么多年的对比研究后，你认为中西方文学的关注点差异和共通点都有哪些？==
===9 After so many years of comparative research, what do you think are the differences and commonalities between the concerns of Chinese and Western literature?===

The main difference is that Western literature is almost not restricted. Therefore Chinese Writers have a less fortunate starting point. Therefore it is even more remarkable if they produce a few pieces at the level of world literature.

Another main difference is that in Western literature, originality and creativity is appreciated more than rafinesse in expression.

If in Western literature governments or politics are mentioned, they are mostly mentioned in a negative way or criticized. In Chinese literature, the only criticism of governments you find is the one of foreign governments. This makes is sometimes impossible for a Western reader to continue reading, because the constant praise, especially in the category of propaganda literature, scares readers off.

Literature first of all is a way of human communication which bridges time, space and minds. The nation becomes less and less important as a category of literature. Today we have Chinese writers who write in Chinese in America or in English. We have 100 million people worldwide who learn Chinese and who may read the one or other piece of Chinese literature in its original language.

===9 Nach so vielen Jahren vergleichender Forschung, was sind Ihrer Meinung nach die Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten zwischen den Anliegen der chinesischen und der westlichen Literatur?===

Der Hauptunterschied besteht darin, dass die westliche Literatur fast keine Beschränkungen kennt. Daher haben chinesische Schriftsteller eine weniger glückliche Ausgangsposition. Umso bemerkenswerter ist es, wenn sie ein paar Werke auf dem Niveau der Weltliteratur hervorbringen.

Ein weiterer Hauptunterschied besteht darin, dass in der westlichen Literatur Originalität und Kreativität mehr geschätzt werden als Raffinesse im Ausdruck.

Wenn in der westlichen Literatur Regierungen oder Politik erwähnt werden, dann meist in negativer Weise oder in Form von Kritik. In der chinesischen Literatur findet man nur Kritik an Regierungen, und zwar an ausländischen Regierungen. Das macht es einem westlichen Leser manchmal unmöglich, weiterzulesen, denn das ständige Lob, besonders in der Kategorie der Propagandaliteratur, schreckt die Leser ab.

Literatur ist in erster Linie eine Form der menschlichen Kommunikation, die Zeit, Raum und Köpfe überbrückt. Die Nation wird als Kategorie der Literatur immer unwichtiger. Heute gibt es chinesische Schriftsteller, die in Amerika auf Chinesisch oder auf Englisch schreiben. Wir haben weltweit 100 Millionen Menschen, die Chinesisch lernen und das eine oder andere Werk der chinesischen Literatur in der Originalsprache lesen können.

==10 文学是文化交流中很重要的一点，是否可以通过文学翻译打破东西方的认知偏见？==
===10 Literature is an important point of cultural exchange. Is it possible to break down the perceived bias between East and West through literary translation?===

Literature is also an important point of exchange of lives. When you dive deep into a piece of Chinese literature, you even switch lifes with a Chinese protagonist. What is a better way to overcome prejudices than to be a part of another society and culture?

Not everybody has the means and time to travel to understand different cultures. Especially during the pandemic, we can instead watch a documentary or take a book.

In Europe, we have discovered that when there are no borders between countries who have fought each other as enemies in the second world war, that French people are almost totally like Germans etc. If no education tells you that you are different, you start from the common things. From the space, the earth seems one, with no borders. According to statistics, Chinese people are the most intelligent people on earth. From concepts of harmony, datong and the Chinese 56 ethnicities all united in the Chinese citizens, Chinese deeply feel, that Tibetans, Uighurs, people from Hong Kong, Taiwan and even oversea's Chinese in Singapore and the United States all are equal and earn dignity. And in this, they are equal with the ethnicities along the Belt and Road initiative and with all the different ethnicities around the world. Many people in the world expect China to be the new leader of the world. The world's eyes are on China now, how China treats its ethnicities and how it realizes the concepts of "he er bu tong".

I don't think that ordinary people have prejudices from the very beginning. When children grow up, they don't differentiate, classify and stigmatize. You can see that with the gender roles. If you dress a girl as a boy, people will play with her as with a boy, play soccer and give her car toys to play. If you explain to them that it was a girl, they apologize.

===10 Literatur ist ein wichtiger Punkt des kulturellen Austauschs. Ist es möglich, die vermeintliche Kluft zwischen Ost und West durch literarische Übersetzungen zu überwinden?===

Die Literatur ist auch ein wichtiger Punkt für den Austausch von Leben. Wenn man tief in ein Stück chinesischer Literatur eintaucht, tauscht man sogar das Leben mit einem chinesischen Protagonisten. Gibt es einen besseren Weg, Vorurteile zu überwinden, als Teil einer anderen Gesellschaft und Kultur zu sein?

Nicht jeder hat die Mittel und die Zeit zu reisen, um andere Kulturen zu verstehen. Vor allem während der Pandemie können wir uns stattdessen einen Dokumentarfilm ansehen oder ein Buch zur Hand nehmen.

In Europa haben wir festgestellt, dass es keine Grenzen zwischen Ländern gibt, die sich im Zweiten Weltkrieg als Feinde bekämpft haben, dass die Franzosen fast völlig wie Deutsche sind usw. Wenn einem keine Erziehung sagt, dass man anders ist, geht man von den Gemeinsamkeiten aus. Aus dem Weltraum betrachtet, scheint die Erde eins zu sein, ohne Grenzen. Laut Statistik sind die Chinesen die intelligentesten Menschen auf der Erde. Ausgehend von den Konzepten der Harmonie, des Datong und der 56 chinesischen Ethnien, die alle in den chinesischen Bürgern vereint sind, empfinden die Chinesen zutiefst, dass Tibeter, Uiguren, Menschen aus Hongkong, Taiwan und sogar Übersee-Chinesen in Singapur und den Vereinigten Staaten alle gleich sind und Würde verdienen. Und in dieser Hinsicht sind sie gleichberechtigt mit den Ethnien entlang der Gürtel- und Straßeninitiative und mit all den verschiedenen Ethnien auf der ganzen Welt. Viele Menschen in der Welt erwarten, dass China die neue Führungsrolle in der Welt übernimmt. Die Augen der Welt sind jetzt auf China gerichtet, darauf, wie China seine Ethnien behandelt und wie es die Konzepte von "he er bu tong" umsetzt.

Ich glaube nicht, dass die einfachen Menschen von Anfang an Vorurteile haben. Wenn Kinder aufwachsen, differenzieren, klassifizieren und stigmatisieren sie nicht. Das kann man an den Geschlechterrollen sehen. Wenn man ein Mädchen wie einen Jungen kleidet, werden die Leute mit ihr wie mit einem Jungen spielen, Fußball spielen und ihr Autospielzeug zum Spielen geben. Wenn man ihnen erklärt, dass es ein Mädchen war, entschuldigen sie sich.

2022 Interview by Xinhua She

2022-06-14T09:10:00Z

You Tianwei: /* 5. China modernisiert sich mit seinen eigenen Merkmalen. Was sind Ihrer Meinung nach die traditionellen Elemente von Chinas Modernisierung? */

2022 Interview by Xinhua She

2022-06-14T09:06:03Z

You Tianwei: /* 5. China modernisiert sich mit seinen eigenen Merkmalen. Was sind Ihrer Meinung nach die traditionellen Elemente von Chinas Modernisierung? */

2022 Interview by Xinhua She

2022-06-14T09:04:04Z

You Tianwei: /* 5. China modernisiert sich mit seinen eigenen Merkmalen. Was sind Ihrer Meinung nach die traditionellen Elemente von Chinas Modernisierung? */

2022 Interview by Xinhua She

2022-06-14T09:02:42Z

You Tianwei: /* 5. China modernisiert sich mit seinen eigenen Merkmalen. Was sind Ihrer Meinung nach die traditionellen Elemente von Chinas Modernisierung? */

2022 Interview by Xinhua She

2022-06-14T08:43:33Z

You Tianwei: /* 5. China modernisiert sich mit seinen eigenen Merkmalen. Was sind Ihrer Meinung nach die traditionellen Elemente von Chinas Modernisierung? */

Spechtsweg 23 Investor Prospect CN

2022-01-19T12:30:59Z

You Tianwei:

[[V|Back to V To Do List]] [[Media:Investor_Prospect.docx|Word file Investor Prospect]]

'''欧洲曹雪芹文化中心'''

在这里，我们可以迸发思想，让世界变得更美好；

在这里，我们与师生、学者和朋友一起饮茶漫步，留下难忘记忆。

投资意向书

师生公寓（栈园###）

Spechtsweg 23, 44801 Bochum，位于波鸿鲁尔大学对面

曹雪芹是中国古典小说《红楼梦》的作者。在两百五十多年前，他将一种支持社会中的弱者和穷人、教育年轻人、享受生活、利用和发展文明成果的文化带到了完美的境地，使人的独立和完整的人格得以绽放。

本着这种精神，我们计划在欧洲的心脏地带建立一个中心，正对着德国最好的大学之一——波鸿鲁尔大学（博士教育优秀奖，IC4U排名德国第三）。里面有关于曹雪芹文化的展览和档案，为文化活动和会议提供活动空间，还有许多最新标准的小型家具公寓，供学生和老师短期或长期居住，如来自邻近的鲁尔大学的学生，来自中国的交流讲师或国际会议参与者等。

我们正在寻找一位天使投资人，最好是曹雪芹文化的支持者，他将用400万欧元来实现这个项目，作为回报，他将从一开始就获得利息收入和分期还款，并从出租时获得一份租金收入作为回报。

背景介绍

位于波鸿的鲁尔大学（约40,000名学生）正在迅速扩张：主校区旁边的健康校区###已经基本完工。地铁站 "Universität "已被另一个"健康校区"###延伸到500米之外。大学附近的生活空间很稀缺，土地价格正在上升（2017年，标准土地价值从250欧元上升到330欧元/平方米）。

湖南师范大学特聘教授、欧盟让-莫内讲席教授Martin Woesler博士，1989年起在鲁尔大学学习，目前是威腾/海德克大学David Martin讲席教授的中国竞争力中心负责人。Woesler博士住在大学附近并设有办公室，于2017年成功收购了第一处房产，将其完全装修，改造成小型学生公寓并出租。这涉及到在被称为教师生活区的一栋平房，甚至在完工之前就已经完全租出去了，只发布了很少的广告，租金为16欧元/平方米。因为这些公寓都带有家具，并配有现代化的浴室和厨房，有带互联网和会客室的公共房间，还有一个共用的洗衣房。由于与师生生活社区达成协议，额外费用在法律允许的范围内一次性结清，所以物业管理工作很少。该房产的资金完全来自于租金收入（2500欧元的基本租金（不含水电暖气等费用），每月利息和还款负担不到2000欧元）。

Woesler博士在大学中心（Uni-Centre，带有购物设施、复印店、书店、图书馆和餐馆的步行区，和大学直接相连）的西端购置了另一处1038平方米的房产（本案）。已获得规划许可，计划将其改建为一栋4层楼的师生公寓（带电梯）。经验丰富的PSR Reiter建筑设计公司（曾为波鸿大学生服务部建造了学生宿舍）成功赢得本案改造项目，并已经提交了建造申请。原来的旧建筑已经被拆除，大部分的挖掘坑已经被挖开（部分旧楼板还在）。

整个建筑计划也考虑到残疾人的便利，并适合老年人使用。学生群体将优先考虑国际学生（根据统计，国际学生获得个人住宅的租房机会较少）。一楼计划通过展示曹雪芹文化，让东西方文化在此交汇，师生、学者们在此畅所欲言。它也将成为一种初创企业的孵化器，一个带有快速W-LAN连接的会客交流场所，特别是为学生项目、首创项目和商业想法而设。在地下室，设计带有桑拿的商业运营的健康工作室，将为师生在会议休息期间、学习或工作间歇提供休憩空间。

对于这个新项目，建筑师计算出了最保守的收入——每月的基本租金收入约为15,000欧元。但根据附近一个较小项目的经验，Woesler博士预计其最保守收入约为25,000欧元。每月的利息和赎回负担为15,000欧元。

建筑师计算的建筑成本为270万欧元。受新冠疫情的影响，一些建筑材料的交付出现了瓶颈。因此，还需要有130万欧元的疫情保证经费，所以投资达到400万欧元。在以下的本案预算中，疫情保证经费尚未计算在内：

凭借每月15,000-25,000欧元的租金收入，投资者将在30-40年内收回其400万欧元的贷款。在这之后，投资者也会继续每月收到部分租金收入。这些单位作为抵押品。如果有必要，个别住宅单位也可以在锁定期###后出售，以便更快地偿还贷款。

一至三楼各有8个单位，其中4个单位面积为23平方米，4个单位面积为28平方米，还有1个位于屋顶的顶层公寓，面积为114平方米，底层有约150平方米的多功能空间。此外，在地下室还有150平方米的健康工作室。23平方米公寓的销售价值为5万欧元，28平方米的销售价值为6万欧元等，养生工作室的销售价值约为45.5万欧元，合计200万欧元。

Woesler博士保证偿还所有收到的投资。他拥有与他职业相称的收入，即中国一所国立大学的大学教授。

由于法律规定，只有在一定的锁定期###后，才有可能出售个别单位。因此，这些款项最初被纯粹作为可偿还的资本投资来处理。在锁定期###过后，投资可以具体和正式地转化为单位购买，并在土地登记册上做相应的记录。

当然，除了土地和财产的等值外，除了Woesler博士的担保外，投资是没有担保的，也就是说，如果Woesler博士无力偿还，可能会以全盘皆输告终（尽管已经为银行贷款投保了剩余债务保险）。然而，即使在这种情况下，Woesler博士也打算用他的职业收入来偿还所有投资者的本金索赔。如果一切按计划进行，将通过租金收入进行还款。

地下室：养生工作室 150m²

大厅：多功能会厅 150m²

1楼：4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

2楼 4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

3楼 4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

顶楼 1间阁楼 114m²

共计；876 m²

所有数值都是简化的。确切面积和数值：见附录中的建筑平面图。

本案商业标地：位于波鸿，Spechtsweg 23（截至2022年1月8日）。

土地成本

土地（1028 m²）和建筑的购买价格：199,000欧元（已支付）
(地价根据标准地价：330欧元/平方米=339,240欧元)

公证/土地登记费用2%：4，000欧元（已支付）

土地转让税6.5%：13，000欧元（已支付）

额外交易税费（土地注册登记，土地转让税）：20，000欧元（已支付）

共已支付236，000欧元

建筑费用（带多功能会议室和小型公寓的最大预算方案）--将分4次等额收取，分别为2022年2月15日、2022年9月1日、2023年3月1日、2023年9月1日，需要在这些期限之前提供无承诺的利息。

新建多户住宅，街区形式###（不知道Zweispänner是什么意思），2层楼（180m² x 4层=720m² + 52 m²楼梯=752m²，1400欧元/m²：材料、规划、审批、人工费用） 1，846，340.27欧元

规划和批准费用（10%）：184,634.03欧元

拆除费用：30,000欧元（已支付）

融资总额：2,317,489.19欧元

新冠疫情保证经费20%：463,497.84欧元

小计：2,780,987.03欧元

其中股权资本10%： 389,338.184欧元

融资金额：2,391,648.84欧元

额外的新冠疫情保证经费

(缓冲期，可以不使用） 1,608,351.16欧元

所需投资总额为4,000,000.00欧元

预期收益###（整个这段话我没有太看懂）

公寓租金在10.50-15欧元/平方米之间，带家具，见所附清单（共1281平方米，可对比房产Äskulapweg 5：目前它的租金为16欧元/平方米（带家具）：如果使用KfW-Mittel###是10.50欧元/月/平方米，否则12欧元，带家具16欧元/平方米，这里税后计为为15欧元）。除此之外，还包括11个停车位*25欧元=7,268欧元/月的基本租金，加上底层约170平方米的公共活动室约1000欧元=15,566欧元×12个月=186,792欧元，减去15%（新建筑的维护，租金损失）-28,019欧元=158,773.20欧元。地下室的150平方米的健康工作室的运营，要加上每月5,000欧元的统一租金，相当于每年60,000欧元，共计218,773.20欧元。

因此，仅租金收入就可以支付每月18,231.10欧元的还款/利息分期付款。

安全问题

在资金瓶颈的情况下，在买卖期###之后，1、2、3楼的单个住宅单位可以按5万欧元（4x23平方米）/6万欧元（4x28平方米）或22.5万欧元（1x114平方米）出售（学生宿舍/ETW，健康工作室）。总价值（不包括公共房间、停车位）：2,000,000欧元。

联系人: martin@woesler.de

Spechtsweg 23 Investor Prospect CN

2022-01-19T10:43:08Z

You Tianwei:

[[V|Back to V To Do List]] [[Media:Investor_Prospect.docx|Word file Investor Prospect]]

'''欧洲曹雪芹文化中心'''

在这里，我们可以迸发思想，让世界变得更美好；

在这里，我们与师生、学者和朋友一起饮茶漫步，留下难忘记忆。

投资意向书

师生公寓（栈园###）

Spechtsweg 23, 44801 Bochum，位于波鸿鲁尔大学对面

曹雪芹是中国古典小说《红楼梦》的作者。在两百五十多年前，他将一种支持社会中的弱者和穷人、教育年轻人、享受生活、利用和发展文明成果的文化带到了完美的境地，使人的独立和完整的人格得以绽放。

本着这种精神，我们计划在欧洲的心脏地带建立一个中心，正对着德国最好的大学之一——波鸿鲁尔大学（博士教育优秀奖，IC4U排名德国第三）。里面有关于曹雪芹文化的展览和档案，为文化活动和会议提供活动空间，还有许多最新标准的小型家具公寓，供学生和老师短期或长期居住，如来自邻近的鲁尔大学的学生，来自中国的交流讲师或国际会议参与者等。

我们正在寻找一位天使投资人，最好是曹雪芹文化的支持者，他将用400万欧元来实现这个项目，作为回报，他将从一开始就获得利息收入和分期还款，并从出租时获得一份租金收入作为回报。

背景介绍

位于波鸿的鲁尔大学（约40,000名学生）正在迅速扩张：主校区旁边的健康校区###已经基本完工。地铁站 "Universität "已被另一个"健康校区"###延伸到500米之外。大学附近的生活空间很稀缺，土地价格正在上升（2017年，标准土地价值从250欧元上升到330欧元/平方米）。

湖南师范大学特聘教授、欧盟让-莫内讲席教授Martin Woesler博士，1989年起在鲁尔大学学习，目前是威腾/海德克大学David Martin讲席教授的中国竞争力中心负责人。Woesler博士住在大学附近并设有办公室，于2017年成功收购了第一处房产，将其完全装修，改造成小型学生公寓并出租。这涉及到在被称为教师生活区的一栋平房，甚至在完工之前就已经完全租出去了，只发布了很少的广告，租金为16欧元/平方米。因为这些公寓都带有家具，并配有现代化的浴室和厨房，有带互联网和会客室的公共房间，还有一个共用的洗衣房。由于与师生生活社区达成协议，额外费用在法律允许的范围内一次性结清，所以物业管理工作很少。该房产的资金完全来自于租金收入（2500欧元的基本租金（不含水电暖气等费用），每月利息和还款负担不到2000欧元）。

Woesler博士在大学中心（Uni-Centre，带有购物设施、复印店、书店、图书馆和餐馆的步行区，和大学直接相连）的西端购置了另一处1038平方米的房产（本案）。已获得规划许可，计划将其改建为一栋4层楼的师生公寓（带电梯）。经验丰富的PSR Reiter建筑设计公司（曾为波鸿大学生服务部建造了学生宿舍）成功赢得本案改造项目，并已经提交了建造申请。原来的旧建筑已经被拆除，大部分的挖掘坑已经被挖开（部分旧楼板还在）。

整个建筑计划也考虑到残疾人的便利，并适合老年人使用。学生群体将优先考虑国际学生（根据统计，国际学生获得个人住宅的租房机会较少）。一楼计划通过展示曹雪芹文化，让东西方文化在此交汇，师生、学者们在此畅所欲言。它也将成为一种初创企业的孵化器，一个带有快速W-LAN连接的会客交流场所，特别是为学生项目、首创项目和商业想法而设。在地下室，设计带有桑拿的商业运营的健康工作室，将为师生在会议休息期间、学习或工作间歇提供休憩空间。

对于这个新项目，建筑师计算出了最保守的收入——每月的基本租金收入约为15,000欧元。但根据附近一个较小项目的经验，Woesler博士预计其最保守收入约为25,000欧元。每月的利息和赎回负担为15,000欧元。

建筑师计算的建筑成本为270万欧元。受新冠疫情的影响，一些建筑材料的交付出现了瓶颈。因此，还需要有130万欧元的疫情保证经费，所以投资达到400万欧元。在以下的本案预算中，疫情保证经费尚未计算在内：

凭借每月15,000-25,000欧元的租金收入，投资者将在30-40年内收回其400万欧元的贷款。在这之后，投资者也会继续每月收到部分租金收入。这些单位作为抵押品。如果有必要，个别住宅单位也可以在锁定期###后出售，以便更快地偿还贷款。

一至三楼各有8个单位，其中4个单位面积为23平方米，4个单位面积为28平方米，还有1个位于屋顶的顶层公寓，面积为114平方米，底层有约150平方米的多功能空间。此外，在地下室还有150平方米的健康工作室。23平方米公寓的销售价值为5万欧元，28平方米的销售价值为6万欧元等，养生工作室的销售价值约为45.5万欧元，合计200万欧元。

Woesler博士保证偿还所有收到的投资。他拥有与他职业相称的收入，即中国一所国立大学的大学教授。

由于法律规定，只有在一定的锁定期###后，才有可能出售个别单位。因此，这些款项最初被纯粹作为可偿还的资本投资来处理。在锁定期###过后，投资可以具体和正式地转化为单位购买，并在土地登记册上做相应的记录。

当然，除了土地和财产的等值外，除了Woesler博士的担保外，投资是没有担保的，也就是说，如果Woesler博士无力偿还，可能会以全盘皆输告终（尽管已经为银行贷款投保了剩余债务保险）。然而，即使在这种情况下，Woesler博士也打算用他的职业收入来偿还所有投资者的本金索赔。如果一切按计划进行，将通过租金收入进行还款。

地下室：养生工作室 150m²

大厅：多功能会厅 150m²

1楼：4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

2楼 4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

3楼 4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

顶楼 1间阁楼 114m²

共计；876 m²

所有数值都是简化的。确切面积和数值：见附录中的建筑平面图。

本案商业标地：位于波鸿，Spechtsweg 23（截至2022年1月8日）。

土地成本

土地（1028 m²）和建筑的购买价格：199,000欧元（已支付）
(地价根据标准地价：330欧元/平方米=339,240欧元)

公证/土地登记费用2%：4，000欧元（已支付）

土地转让税6.5%：13，000欧元（已支付）

额外交易税费（土地注册登记，土地转让税）：20，000欧元（已支付）

共已支付236，000欧元

建筑费用（带多功能会议室和小型公寓的最大预算方案）--将分4次等额收取，分别为2022年2月15日、2022年9月1日、2023年3月1日、2023年9月1日，需要在这些期限之前提供无承诺的利息。

新建多户住宅，街区形式###（不知道Zweispänner是什么意思），2层楼（180m² x 4层=720m² + 52 m²楼梯=752m²，1400欧元/m²：材料、规划、审批、人工费用） 1，846，340.27欧元

规划和批准费用（10%）：184,634.03欧元

拆除费用：30,000欧元（已支付）

融资总额：2,317,489.19欧元

新冠疫情保证经费20%：463,497.84欧元

小计：2,780,987.03欧元

其中股权资本10%： 389,338.184欧元

融资金额：2,391,648.84欧元

额外的新冠疫情保证经费

(缓冲期，可以不使用） 1,608,351.16欧元

所需投资总额为4,000,000.00欧元

预期收益###（整个这段话我没有太看懂）

公寓租金在10.50欧元/和15欧元/平方米之间，带家具，见所附清单（共1281平方米，可对比房产Äskulapweg 5，目前它的租金为16欧元/平方米（带家具））：10.50欧元/月/平方米（如果使用KfW资金###），否则12欧元，带家具16欧元/平方米，这里仔细计算为15欧元税后）包括。11个停车位*25欧元=7,268欧元/月的基本租金，加上底层约170平方米的公共活动室约1000欧元=15,566欧元×12个月=186,792欧元，减去15%（新建筑的维护，租金损失）-28,019欧元=158,773.20欧元。地下室的150平方米的健康工作室的运营，要加上每月5,000欧元的统一租金，相当于每年60,000欧元，共计218,773.20欧元。

因此，仅租金收入就可以支付每月18,231.10欧元的还款/利息分期付款。

安全问题

在资金瓶颈的情况下，在买卖期###之后，1、2、3楼的单个住宅单位可以按5万欧元（4x23平方米）/6万欧元（4x28平方米）或22.5万欧元（1x114平方米）出售（学生宿舍/ETW，健康工作室）。总价值（不包括公共房间、停车位）：2,000,000欧元。

联系人: martin@woesler.de

Spechtsweg 23 Investor Prospect CN

2022-01-19T10:42:13Z

You Tianwei:

[[V|Back to V To Do List]] [[Media:Investor_Prospect.docx|Word file Investor Prospect]]

'''欧洲曹雪芹文化中心'''

在这里，我们可以迸发思想，让世界变得更美好；

在这里，我们与师生、学者和朋友一起饮茶漫步，留下难忘记忆。

投资意向书

师生公寓（栈园）

Spechtsweg 23, 44801 Bochum，位于波鸿鲁尔大学对面

曹雪芹是中国古典小说《红楼梦》的作者。在两百五十多年前，他将一种支持社会中的弱者和穷人、教育年轻人、享受生活、利用和发展文明成果的文化带到了完美的境地，使人的独立和完整的人格得以绽放。

本着这种精神，我们计划在欧洲的心脏地带建立一个中心，正对着德国最好的大学之一——波鸿鲁尔大学（博士教育优秀奖，IC4U排名德国第三）。里面有关于曹雪芹文化的展览和档案，为文化活动和会议提供活动空间，还有许多最新标准的小型家具公寓，供学生和老师短期或长期居住，如来自邻近的鲁尔大学的学生，来自中国的交流讲师或国际会议参与者等。

我们正在寻找一位天使投资人，最好是曹雪芹文化的支持者，他将用400万欧元来实现这个项目，作为回报，他将从一开始就获得利息收入和分期还款，并从出租时获得一份租金收入作为回报。

背景介绍

位于波鸿的鲁尔大学（约40,000名学生）正在迅速扩张：主校区旁边的健康校区###已经基本完工。地铁站 "Universität "已被另一个"健康校区"###延伸到500米之外。大学附近的生活空间很稀缺，土地价格正在上升（2017年，标准土地价值从250欧元上升到330欧元/平方米）。

湖南师范大学特聘教授、欧盟让-莫内讲席教授Martin Woesler博士，1989年起在鲁尔大学学习，目前是威腾/海德克大学David Martin讲席教授的中国竞争力中心负责人。Woesler博士住在大学附近并设有办公室，于2017年成功收购了第一处房产，将其完全装修，改造成小型学生公寓并出租。这涉及到在被称为教师生活区的一栋平房，甚至在完工之前就已经完全租出去了，只发布了很少的广告，租金为16欧元/平方米。因为这些公寓都带有家具，并配有现代化的浴室和厨房，有带互联网和会客室的公共房间，还有一个共用的洗衣房。由于与师生生活社区达成协议，额外费用在法律允许的范围内一次性结清，所以物业管理工作很少。该房产的资金完全来自于租金收入（2500欧元的基本租金（不含水电暖气等费用），每月利息和还款负担不到2000欧元）。

Woesler博士在大学中心（Uni-Centre，带有购物设施、复印店、书店、图书馆和餐馆的步行区，和大学直接相连）的西端购置了另一处1038平方米的房产（本案）。已获得规划许可，计划将其改建为一栋4层楼的师生公寓（带电梯）。经验丰富的PSR Reiter建筑设计公司（曾为波鸿大学生服务部建造了学生宿舍）成功赢得本案改造项目，并已经提交了建造申请。原来的旧建筑已经被拆除，大部分的挖掘坑已经被挖开（部分旧楼板还在）。

整个建筑计划也考虑到残疾人的便利，并适合老年人使用。学生群体将优先考虑国际学生（根据统计，国际学生获得个人住宅的租房机会较少）。一楼计划通过展示曹雪芹文化，让东西方文化在此交汇，师生、学者们在此畅所欲言。它也将成为一种初创企业的孵化器，一个带有快速W-LAN连接的会客交流场所，特别是为学生项目、首创项目和商业想法而设。在地下室，设计带有桑拿的商业运营的健康工作室，将为师生在会议休息期间、学习或工作间歇提供休憩空间。

对于这个新项目，建筑师计算出了最保守的收入——每月的基本租金收入约为15,000欧元。但根据附近一个较小项目的经验，Woesler博士预计其最保守收入约为25,000欧元。每月的利息和赎回负担为15,000欧元。

建筑师计算的建筑成本为270万欧元。受新冠疫情的影响，一些建筑材料的交付出现了瓶颈。因此，还需要有130万欧元的疫情保证经费，所以投资达到400万欧元。在以下的本案预算中，疫情保证经费尚未计算在内：

凭借每月15,000-25,000欧元的租金收入，投资者将在30-40年内收回其400万欧元的贷款。在这之后，投资者也会继续每月收到部分租金收入。这些单位作为抵押品。如果有必要，个别住宅单位也可以在锁定期###后出售，以便更快地偿还贷款。

一至三楼各有8个单位，其中4个单位面积为23平方米，4个单位面积为28平方米，还有1个位于屋顶的顶层公寓，面积为114平方米，底层有约150平方米的多功能空间。此外，在地下室还有150平方米的健康工作室。23平方米公寓的销售价值为5万欧元，28平方米的销售价值为6万欧元等，养生工作室的销售价值约为45.5万欧元，合计200万欧元。

Woesler博士保证偿还所有收到的投资。他拥有与他职业相称的收入，即中国一所国立大学的大学教授。

由于法律规定，只有在一定的锁定期###后，才有可能出售个别单位。因此，这些款项最初被纯粹作为可偿还的资本投资来处理。在锁定期###过后，投资可以具体和正式地转化为单位购买，并在土地登记册上做相应的记录。

当然，除了土地和财产的等值外，除了Woesler博士的担保外，投资是没有担保的，也就是说，如果Woesler博士无力偿还，可能会以全盘皆输告终（尽管已经为银行贷款投保了剩余债务保险）。然而，即使在这种情况下，Woesler博士也打算用他的职业收入来偿还所有投资者的本金索赔。如果一切按计划进行，将通过租金收入进行还款。

地下室：养生工作室 150m²

大厅：多功能会厅 150m²

1楼：4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

2楼 4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

3楼 4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

顶楼 1间阁楼 114m²

共计；876 m²

所有数值都是简化的。确切面积和数值：见附录中的建筑平面图。

本案商业标地：位于波鸿，Spechtsweg 23（截至2022年1月8日）。

土地成本

土地（1028 m²）和建筑的购买价格：199,000欧元（已支付）
(地价根据标准地价：330欧元/平方米=339,240欧元)

公证/土地登记费用2%：4，000欧元（已支付）

土地转让税6.5%：13，000欧元（已支付）

额外交易税费（土地注册登记，土地转让税）：20，000欧元（已支付）

共已支付236，000欧元

建筑费用（带多功能会议室和小型公寓的最大预算方案）--将分4次等额收取，分别为2022年2月15日、2022年9月1日、2023年3月1日、2023年9月1日，需要在这些期限之前提供无承诺的利息。

新建多户住宅，街区形式###（不知道Zweispänner是什么意思），2层楼（180m² x 4层=720m² + 52 m²楼梯=752m²，1400欧元/m²：材料、规划、审批、人工费用） 1，846，340.27欧元

规划和批准费用（10%）：184,634.03欧元

拆除费用：30,000欧元（已支付）

融资总额：2,317,489.19欧元

新冠疫情保证经费20%：463,497.84欧元

小计：2,780,987.03欧元

其中股权资本10%： 389,338.184欧元

融资金额：2,391,648.84欧元

额外的新冠疫情保证经费

(缓冲期，可以不使用） 1,608,351.16欧元

所需投资总额为4,000,000.00欧元

预期收益###（整个这段话我没有太看懂）

公寓租金在10.50欧元/和15欧元/平方米之间，带家具，见所附清单（共1281平方米，可对比房产Äskulapweg 5，目前它的租金为16欧元/平方米（带家具））：10.50欧元/月/平方米（如果使用KfW资金###），否则12欧元，带家具16欧元/平方米，这里仔细计算为15欧元税后）包括。11个停车位*25欧元=7,268欧元/月的基本租金，加上底层约170平方米的公共活动室约1000欧元=15,566欧元×12个月=186,792欧元，减去15%（新建筑的维护，租金损失）-28,019欧元=158,773.20欧元。地下室的150平方米的健康工作室的运营，要加上每月5,000欧元的统一租金，相当于每年60,000欧元，共计218,773.20欧元。

因此，仅租金收入就可以支付每月18,231.10欧元的还款/利息分期付款。

安全问题

在资金瓶颈的情况下，在买卖期###之后，1、2、3楼的单个住宅单位可以按5万欧元（4x23平方米）/6万欧元（4x28平方米）或22.5万欧元（1x114平方米）出售（学生宿舍/ETW，健康工作室）。总价值（不包括公共房间、停车位）：2,000,000欧元。

联系人: martin@woesler.de

Spechtsweg 23 Investor Prospect CN

2022-01-13T08:22:00Z

You Tianwei:

[[V|Back to V To Do List]] [[Media:Investor_Prospect.docx|Word file Investor Prospect]]

'''欧洲曹雪芹文化中心'''

在这里，我们可以迸发思想，让世界变得更美好；

在这里，我们与师生、学者和朋友一起饮茶漫步，留下难忘记忆。

投资意向书

师生公寓（霑园/栈园/学勤楼###）

Spechtsweg 23, 44801 Bochum，位于波鸿鲁尔大学对面

曹雪芹是中国古典小说《红楼梦》的作者。在两百五十多年前，他将一种支持社会中的弱者和穷人、教育年轻人、享受生活、利用和发展文明成果的文化带到了完美的境地，使人的独立和完整的人格得以绽放。

本着这种精神，我们计划在欧洲的心脏地带建立一个中心，正对着德国最好的大学之一——波鸿鲁尔大学（博士教育优秀奖，IC4U排名德国第三）。里面有关于曹雪芹文化的展览和档案，为文化活动和会议提供活动空间，还有许多最新标准的小型家具公寓，供学生和老师短期或长期居住，如来自邻近的鲁尔大学的学生，来自中国的交流讲师或国际会议参与者等。

我们正在寻找一位天使投资人，最好是曹雪芹文化的支持者，他将用400万欧元来实现这个项目，作为回报，他将从一开始就获得利息收入和分期还款，并从出租时获得一份租金收入作为回报。

背景介绍

位于波鸿的鲁尔大学（约40,000名学生）正在迅速扩张：主校区旁边的健康校区###已经基本完工。地铁站 "Universität "已被另一个 "健康校区"###延伸到500米之外。大学附近的生活空间很稀缺，土地价格正在上升（2017年，标准土地价值从250欧元上升到330欧元/平方米）。

湖南师范大学特聘教授、欧盟让-莫内讲席教授Martin Woesler博士，1989年起在鲁尔大学学习，目前是威腾/海德克大学David Martin讲席教授的中国能力###中心负责人。Woesler博士住在大学附近并设有办公室，于2017年成功收购了第一处房产，将其完全装修，改造成小型学生公寓并出租。这涉及到在被称为Professorenviertel（教师生活区###）的一栋平房，甚至在完工之前就已经完全租出去了，只发布了很少的广告，租金为16欧元/平方米。因为这些公寓都带有家具，并配有现代化的浴室和厨房，有带互联网和会客室的公共房间，还有一个共用的洗衣房。由于与师生生活社区达成协议，额外费用###在法律允许的范围内一次性结清，所以物业管理###工作很少。该房产的资金完全来自于租金收入（2500欧元的基本租金（不含水电暖气等费用），每月利息和还款负担不到2000欧元）。

Woesler博士在大学中心（Uni-Centre，带有购物设施、复印店、书店、图书馆和餐馆的步行区，和大学直接相连）的西端购置了另一处1038平方米的房产（本案）。已获得规划许可，计划将其改建为一栋4层楼的师生公寓（带电梯）。经验丰富的PSR Reiter建筑设计公司（曾为波鸿大学生服务部建造了学生宿舍）成功赢得本案标底###，并已经提交了建造申请。原来的旧建筑已经被拆除，大部分的挖掘坑已经被挖开（部分旧楼板还在）。

整个建筑计划也考虑到残疾人的便利，并适合老年人使用。学生群体将优先考虑国际学生（根据统计，国际学生获得个人住宅的租房机会较少）。一楼计划通过展示曹雪芹文化，让东西方文化在此交汇，师生、学者们在此畅所欲言。它也将成为一种初创企业的孵化器，一个带有快速W-LAN连接的会客交流场所，特别是为学生项目、首创项目和商业想法而设。在地下室，设计带有桑拿的商业运营的健康工作室，将为师生在会议休息期间、学习或工作间歇提供休憩空间。

对于这个新项目，建筑师计算出了最保守的收入——每月的基本租金收入约为15,000欧元。但根据附近一个较小项目的经验，Woesler博士预计其最保守收入约为25,000欧元。每月的利息和赎回负担为15,000欧元。

建筑师计算的建筑成本为270万欧元。受新冠疫情的影响，一些建筑材料的交付出现了瓶颈。因此，还需要有130万欧元的疫情保证经费，所以投资达到400万欧元。在以下的本案预算中，疫情保证经费尚未计算在内：

凭借每月15,000-25,000欧元的租金收入，投资者将在30-40年内收回其400万欧元的贷款。在这之后，投资者也会继续每月收到部分租金收入。这些单位作为抵押品。如果有必要，个别住宅单位也可以在锁定期###后出售，以便更快地偿还贷款。

一至三楼各有8个单位，其中4个单位面积为23平方米，4个单位面积为28平方米，还有1个位于屋顶的顶层公寓，面积为114平方米，底层有约150平方米的多功能空间。此外，在地下室还有150平方米的健康工作室。23平方米公寓的销售价值为5万欧元，28平方米的销售价值为6万欧元等，养生工作室的销售价值约为45.5万欧元，合计200万欧元。

Woesler博士保证偿还所有收到的投资。他拥有与他职业相称的收入，即中国一所国立大学的大学教授。

由于法律规定，只有在一定的锁定期###后，才有可能出售个别单位。因此，这些款项最初被纯粹作为可偿还的资本投资来处理。在锁定期###过后，投资可以具体和正式地转化为单位购买，并在土地登记册上做相应的记录。

当然，除了土地和财产的等值外，除了Woesler博士的担保外，投资是没有担保的，也就是说，如果Woesler博士无力偿还，可能会以全盘皆输告终（尽管已经为银行贷款投保了剩余债务保险）。然而，即使在这种情况下，Woesler博士也打算用他的职业收入来偿还所有投资者的本金索赔。如果一切按计划进行，将通过租金收入进行还款。

地下室：养生工作室 150m²

大厅：多功能会厅 150m²

1楼：4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

2楼 4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

3楼 4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

顶楼 1间阁楼 114m²

共计；876 m²

所有数值都是简化的。确切面积和数值：见附录中的建筑平面图。

本案商业标地：位于波鸿，Spechtsweg 23（截至2022年1月8日）。

土地成本

土地（1028 m²）和建筑的购买价格：199,000欧元（已支付）
(地价根据标准地价：330欧元/平方米=339,240欧元)

公证/土地登记费用2%：4，000欧元（已支付）

土地转让税6.5%：13，000欧元（已支付）

额外交易税费（土地注册登记，土地转让税）：20，000欧元（已支付）

共已支付236，000欧元

建筑费用（带多功能会议室和小型公寓的最大预算方案）--将分4次等额收取，分别为2022年2月15日、2022年9月1日、2023年3月1日、2023年9月1日，需要在这些期限之前提供无承诺的利息。

新建多户住宅，街区形式###（不知道Zweispänner是什么意思），2层楼（180m² x 4层=720m² + 52 m²楼梯=752m²，1400欧元/m²：材料、规划、审批、人工费用） 1，846，340.27欧元

规划和批准费用（10%）：184,634.03欧元

拆除费用：30,000欧元（已支付）

融资总额：2,317,489.19欧元

新冠疫情保证经费20%：463,497.84欧元

小计：2,780,987.03欧元

其中股权资本10%： 389,338.184欧元

融资金额：2,391,648.84欧元

额外的新冠疫情保证经费

(缓冲期，可以不使用） 1,608,351.16欧元

所需投资总额为4,000,000.00欧元

预期收益###（整个这段话我没有太看懂）

公寓租金在10.50欧元/和15欧元/平方米之间，带家具，见所附清单（共1281平方米，可对比房产Äskulapweg 5，目前它的租金为16欧元/平方米（带家具）：10.50欧元/月/平方米，如果使用KfW资金###，否则12欧元，带家具16欧元/平方米，这里仔细计算为15欧元税后）包括。11个停车位*25欧元=7,268欧元/月的基本租金，加上底层约170平方米的公共活动室约1000欧元=15,566欧元×12个月=186,792欧元，减去15%（新建筑的维护，租金损失）-28,019欧元=158,773.20欧元。地下室的150平方米的健康工作室的运营，要加上每月5,000欧元的统一租金，相当于每年60,000欧元，共计218,773.20欧元。

因此，仅租金收入就可以支付每月18,231.10欧元的还款/利息分期付款。

安全问题

在资金瓶颈的情况下，在买卖期###之后，1、2、3楼的单个住宅单位可以按5万欧元（4x23平方米）/6万欧元（4x28平方米）或22.5万欧元（1x114平方米）出售（学生宿舍/ETW，健康工作室）。总价值（不包括公共房间、停车位）：2,000,000欧元。

联系人: martin@woesler.de

Spechtsweg 23 Investor Prospect CN

2022-01-13T06:22:20Z

You Tianwei:

[[V|Back to V To Do List]] [[Media:Investor_Prospect.docx|Word file Investor Prospect]]

'''欧洲曹雪芹文化中心'''

在这里，我们可以迸发思想，让世界变得更美好；

在这里，我们与师生、学者和朋友一起饮茶漫步，留下难忘记忆。

投资意向书

师生公寓（霑园/栈园/学勤楼###）

Spechtsweg 23, 44801 Bochum，位于波鸿鲁尔大学对面

曹雪芹是中国古典小说《红楼梦》的作者。在两百五十多年前，他将一种支持社会中的弱者和穷人、教育年轻人、享受生活、利用和发展文明成果的文化带到了完美的境地，使人的独立和完整的人格得以绽放。

本着这种精神，我们计划在欧洲的心脏地带建立一个中心，正对着德国最好的大学之一——波鸿鲁尔大学（博士教育优秀奖，IC4U排名德国第三）。里面有关于曹雪芹文化的展览和档案，为文化活动和会议提供活动空间，还有许多最新标准的小型家具公寓，供学生和老师短期或长期居住，如来自邻近的鲁尔大学的学生，来自中国的交流讲师或国际会议参与者等。

我们正在寻找一位天使投资人，最好是曹雪芹文化的支持者，他将用400万欧元来实现这个项目，作为回报，他将从一开始就获得利息收入和分期还款，并从出租时获得一份租金收入作为回报。

背景介绍

位于波鸿的鲁尔大学（约40,000名学生）正在迅速扩张：主校区旁边的健康校区###已经基本完工。地铁站 "Universität "已被另一个 "健康校区"###延伸到500米之外。大学附近的生活空间很稀缺，土地价格正在上升（2017年，标准土地价值从250欧元上升到330欧元/平方米）。

湖南师范大学特聘教授、欧盟让-莫内讲席教授Martin Woesler博士，1989年起在鲁尔大学学习，目前是威腾/海德克大学David Martin讲席教授的中国能力###中心负责人。Woesler博士住在大学附近并设有办公室，于2017年成功收购了第一处房产，将其完全装修，改造成小型学生公寓并出租。这涉及到在被称为Professorenviertel（教师生活区###）的一栋平房，甚至在完工之前就已经完全租出去了，只发布了很少的广告，租金为16欧元/平方米。因为这些公寓都带有家具，并配有现代化的浴室和厨房，有带互联网和会客室的公共房间，还有一个共用的洗衣房。由于与师生生活社区达成协议，额外费用###在法律允许的范围内一次性结清，所以物业管理###工作很少。该房产的资金完全来自于租金收入（2500欧元的基本租金（不含水电暖气等费用），每月利息和还款负担不到2000欧元）。

Woesler博士在大学中心（Uni-Centre，带有购物设施、复印店、书店、图书馆和餐馆的步行区，和大学直接相连）的西端购置了另一处1038平方米的房产（本案）。已获得规划许可，计划将其改建为一栋4层楼的师生公寓（带电梯）。经验丰富的PSR Reiter建筑设计公司（曾为波鸿大学生服务部建造了学生宿舍）成功赢得本案标底###，并已经提交了建造申请。原来的旧建筑已经被拆除，大部分的挖掘坑已经被挖开（部分旧楼板还在）。

整个建筑计划也考虑到残疾人的便利，并适合老年人使用。学生群体将优先考虑国际学生（根据统计，国际学生获得个人住宅的租房机会较少）。一楼计划通过展示曹雪芹文化，让东西方文化在此交汇，师生、学者们在此畅所欲言。它也将成为一种初创企业的孵化器，一个带有快速W-LAN连接的会客交流场所，特别是为学生项目、首创项目和商业想法而设。在地下室，设计带有桑拿的商业运营的健康工作室，将为师生在会议休息期间、学习或工作间歇提供休憩空间。

对于这个新项目，建筑师计算出了最保守的收入——每月的基本租金收入约为15,000欧元。但根据附近一个较小项目的经验，Woesler博士预计其最保守收入约为25,000欧元。每月的利息和赎回负担为15,000欧元。

建筑师计算的建筑成本为270万欧元。受新冠疫情的影响，一些建筑材料的交付出现了瓶颈。因此，还需要有130万欧元的疫情保证经费，所以投资达到400万欧元。在以下的本案预算中，疫情保证经费尚未计算在内：

凭借每月15,000-25,000欧元的租金收入，投资者将在30-40年内收回其400万欧元的贷款。在这之后，投资者也会继续每月收到部分租金收入。这些单位作为抵押品。如果有必要，个别住宅单位也可以在锁定期###后出售，以便更快地偿还贷款。

一至三楼各有8个单位，其中4个单位面积为23平方米，4个单位面积为28平方米，还有1个位于屋顶的顶层公寓，面积为114平方米，底层有约150平方米的多功能空间。此外，在地下室还有150平方米的健康工作室。23平方米公寓的销售价值为5万欧元，28平方米的销售价值为6万欧元等，养生工作室的销售价值约为45.5万欧元，合计200万欧元。

Woesler博士保证偿还所有收到的投资。他拥有与他职业相称的收入，即中国一所国立大学的大学教授。

由于法律规定，只有在一定的锁定期###后，才有可能出售个别单位。因此，这些款项最初被纯粹作为可偿还的资本投资来处理。在锁定期###过后，投资可以具体和正式地转化为单位购买，并在土地登记册上做相应的记录。

当然，除了土地和财产的等值外，除了Woesler博士的担保外，投资是没有担保的，也就是说，如果Woesler博士无力偿还，可能会以全盘皆输告终（尽管已经为银行贷款投保了剩余债务保险）。然而，即使在这种情况下，Woesler博士也打算用他的职业收入来偿还所有投资者的本金索赔。如果一切按计划进行，将通过租金收入进行还款。

地下室：养生工作室 150m²

大厅：多功能会厅 150m²

1楼：4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

2楼 4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

3楼 4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

顶楼 1间阁楼 114m²

共计；876 m²

所有数值都是简化的。确切面积和数值：见附录中的建筑平面图。

本案商业标地：位于波鸿，Spechtsweg 23（截至2022年1月8日）。

土地成本

土地（1028 m²）和建筑的购买价格：199,000欧元（已支付）
(地价根据标准地价：330欧元/平方米=339,240欧元)

公证/土地登记费用2%：4，000欧元（已支付）

土地转让税6.5%：13，000欧元（已支付）

额外交易税费（土地注册登记，土地转让税）：20，000欧元（已支付）

共已支付236，000欧元

建筑费用（带多功能会议室和小型公寓的最大预算方案）--将分4次等额收取，分别为2022年2月15日、2022年9月1日、2022年3月1日、2022年9月1日，需要在这些期限之前提供无承诺的利息。

新建多户住宅，街区形式###（不知道Zweispänner是什么意思），2层楼（180m² x 4层=720m² + 52 m²楼梯=752m²，1400欧元/m²：材料、规划、审批、人工费用） 1，846，340.27欧元

规划和批准费用（10%）：184,634.03欧元

拆除费用：30,000欧元（已支付）

融资总额：2,317,489.19欧元

新冠疫情保证经费20%：463,497.84欧元

小计：2,780,987.03欧元

其中股权资本10%： 389,338.184欧元

融资金额：2,391,648.84欧元

额外的新冠疫情保证经费

(缓冲期，可以不使用） 1,608,351.16欧元

所需投资总额为4,000,000.00欧元

预期收益###（整个这段话我没有太看懂）

公寓租金在10.50欧元/和15欧元/平方米之间，带家具，见所附清单（共1281平方米，可对比房产Äskulapweg 5，目前它的租金为16欧元/平方米（带家具）：10.50欧元/月/平方米，如果使用KfW资金###，否则12欧元，带家具16欧元/平方米，这里仔细计算为15欧元税后）包括。11个停车位*25欧元=7,268欧元/月的基本租金，加上底层约170平方米的公共活动室约1000欧元=15,566欧元×12个月=186,792欧元，减去15%（新建筑的维护，租金损失）-28,019欧元=158,773.20欧元。地下室的150平方米的健康工作室的运营，要加上每月5,000欧元的统一租金，相当于每年60,000欧元，共计218,773.20欧元。

因此，仅租金收入就可以支付每月18,231.10欧元的还款/利息分期付款。

安全问题

在资金瓶颈的情况下，在买卖期###之后，1、2、3楼的单个住宅单位可以按5万欧元（4x23平方米）/6万欧元（4x28平方米）或22.5万欧元（1x114平方米）出售（学生宿舍/ETW，健康工作室）。总价值（不包括公共房间、停车位）：2,000,000欧元。

联系人: martin@woesler.de

Spechtsweg 23 Investor Prospect CN

2022-01-13T06:19:44Z

You Tianwei:

[[V|Back to V To Do List]] [[Media:Investor_Prospect.docx|Word file Investor Prospect]]

'''欧洲曹雪芹文化中心'''

在这里，我们可以迸发思想，让世界变得更美好；

在这里，我们与师生、学者和朋友一起饮茶漫步，留下难忘记忆。

投资意向书

师生公寓（霑园/栈园/学勤楼###）

Spechtsweg 23, 44801 Bochum，波鸿鲁尔大学对面

曹雪芹是中国古典小说《红楼梦》的作者。在两百五十多年前，他将一种支持社会中的弱者和穷人、教育年轻人、享受生活、利用和发展文明成果的文化带到了完美的境地，使人的独立和完整的人格得以绽放。

本着这种精神，我们计划在欧洲的心脏地带建立一个中心，正对着德国最好的大学之一——波鸿鲁尔大学（博士教育优秀奖，IC4U排名德国第三）。里面有关于曹雪芹文化的展览和档案，为文化活动和会议提供活动空间，还有许多最新标准的小型家具公寓，供学生和老师短期或长期居住，如来自邻近的鲁尔大学的学生，来自中国的交流讲师或国际会议参与者等。

我们正在寻找一位天使投资人，最好是曹雪芹文化的支持者，他将用400万欧元来实现这个项目，作为回报，他将从一开始就获得利息收入和分期还款，并从出租时获得一份租金收入作为回报。

背景介绍

位于波鸿的鲁尔大学（约40,000名学生）正在迅速扩张：主校区旁边的健康校区###已经基本完工。地铁站 "Universität "已被另一个 "健康校区"###延伸到500米之外。大学附近的生活空间很稀缺，土地价格正在上升（2017年，标准土地价值从250欧元上升到330欧元/平方米）。

湖南师范大学特聘教授、欧盟让-莫内讲席教授Martin Woesler博士，1989年起在鲁尔大学学习，目前是威腾/海德克大学David Martin讲席教授的中国能力###中心负责人。Woesler博士住在大学附近并设有办公室，于2017年成功收购了第一处房产，将其完全装修，改造成小型学生公寓并出租。这涉及到在被称为Professorenviertel（教师生活区###）的一栋平房，甚至在完工之前就已经完全租出去了，只发布了很少的广告，租金为16欧元/平方米。因为这些公寓都带有家具，并配有现代化的浴室和厨房，有带互联网和会客室的公共房间，还有一个共用的洗衣房。由于与师生生活社区达成协议，额外费用###在法律允许的范围内一次性结清，所以物业管理###工作很少。该房产的资金完全来自于租金收入（2500欧元的基本租金（不含水电暖气等费用），每月利息和还款负担不到2000欧元）。

Woesler博士在大学中心（Uni-Centre，带有购物设施、复印店、书店、图书馆和餐馆的步行区，和大学直接相连）的西端购置了另一处1038平方米的房产（本案）。已获得规划许可，计划将其改建为一栋4层楼的师生公寓（带电梯）。经验丰富的PSR Reiter建筑设计公司（曾为波鸿大学生服务部建造了学生宿舍）成功赢得本案标底###，并已经提交了建造申请。原来的旧建筑已经被拆除，大部分的挖掘坑已经被挖开（部分旧楼板还在）。

整个建筑计划也考虑到残疾人的便利，并适合老年人使用。学生群体将优先考虑国际学生（根据统计，国际学生获得个人住宅的租房机会较少）。一楼计划通过展示曹雪芹文化，让东西方文化在此交汇，师生、学者们在此畅所欲言。它也将成为一种初创企业的孵化器，一个带有快速W-LAN连接的会客交流场所，特别是为学生项目、首创项目和商业想法而设。在地下室，设计带有桑拿的商业运营的健康工作室，将为师生在会议休息期间、学习或工作间歇提供休憩空间。

对于这个新项目，建筑师计算出了最保守的收入——每月的基本租金收入约为15,000欧元。但根据附近一个较小项目的经验，Woesler博士预计其最保守收入约为25,000欧元。每月的利息和赎回负担为15,000欧元。

建筑师计算的建筑成本为270万欧元。受新冠疫情的影响，一些建筑材料的交付出现了瓶颈。因此，还需要有130万欧元的疫情保证经费，所以投资达到400万欧元。在以下的本案预算中，疫情保证经费尚未计算在内：

凭借每月15,000-25,000欧元的租金收入，投资者将在30-40年内收回其400万欧元的贷款。在这之后，投资者也会继续每月收到部分租金收入。这些单位作为抵押品。如果有必要，个别住宅单位也可以在锁定期###后出售，以便更快地偿还贷款。

一至三楼各有8个单位，其中4个单位面积为23平方米，4个单位面积为28平方米，还有1个位于屋顶的顶层公寓，面积为114平方米，底层有约150平方米的多功能空间。此外，在地下室还有150平方米的健康工作室。23平方米公寓的销售价值为5万欧元，28平方米的销售价值为6万欧元等，养生工作室的销售价值约为45.5万欧元，合计200万欧元。

Woesler博士保证偿还所有收到的投资。他拥有与他职业相称的收入，即中国一所国立大学的大学教授。

由于法律规定，只有在一定的锁定期###后，才有可能出售个别单位。因此，这些款项最初被纯粹作为可偿还的资本投资来处理。在锁定期###过后，投资可以具体和正式地转化为单位购买，并在土地登记册上做相应的记录。

当然，除了土地和财产的等值外，除了Woesler博士的担保外，投资是没有担保的，也就是说，如果Woesler博士无力偿还，可能会以全盘皆输告终（尽管已经为银行贷款投保了剩余债务保险）。然而，即使在这种情况下，Woesler博士也打算用他的职业收入来偿还所有投资者的本金索赔。如果一切按计划进行，将通过租金收入进行还款。

地下室：养生工作室 150m²

大厅：多功能会厅 150m²

1楼：4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

2楼 4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

3楼 4套公寓/23m²每套，4套公寓/28m²每套，共计204m²

顶楼 1间阁楼 114m²

共计；876 m²

所有数值都是简化的。确切面积和数值：见附录中的建筑平面图。

本案商业标地：位于波鸿，Spechtsweg 23（截至2022年1月8日）。

土地成本

土地（1028 m²）和建筑的购买价格：199,000欧元（已支付）
(地价根据标准地价：330欧元/平方米=339,240欧元)

公证/土地登记费用2%：4，000欧元（已支付）

土地转让税6.5%：13，000欧元（已支付）

额外交易税费（土地注册登记，土地转让税）：20，000欧元（已支付）

共已支付236，000欧元

建筑费用（带多功能会议室和小型公寓的最大预算方案）--将分4次等额收取，分别为2022年2月15日、2022年9月1日、2022年3月1日、2022年9月1日，需要在这些期限之前提供无承诺的利息。

新建多户住宅，街区形式###（不知道Zweispänner是什么意思），2层楼（180m² x 4层=720m² + 52 m²楼梯=752m²，1400欧元/m²：材料、规划、审批、人工费用） 1，846，340.27欧元

规划和批准费用（10%）：184,634.03欧元

拆除费用：30,000欧元（已支付）

融资总额：2,317,489.19欧元

新冠疫情保证经费20%：463,497.84欧元

小计：2,780,987.03欧元

其中股权资本10%： 389,338.184欧元

融资金额：2,391,648.84欧元

额外的新冠疫情保证经费

(缓冲期，可以不使用） 1,608,351.16欧元

所需投资总额为4,000,000.00欧元

预期收益###（整个这段话我没有太看懂）

公寓租金在10.50欧元/和15欧元/平方米之间，带家具，见所附清单（共1281平方米，可对比房产Äskulapweg 5，目前它的租金为16欧元/平方米（带家具）：10.50欧元/月/平方米，如果使用KfW资金###，否则12欧元，带家具16欧元/平方米，这里仔细计算为15欧元税后）包括。11个停车位*25欧元=7,268欧元/月的基本租金，加上底层约170平方米的公共活动室约1000欧元=15,566欧元×12个月=186,792欧元，减去15%（新建筑的维护，租金损失）-28,019欧元=158,773.20欧元。地下室的150平方米的健康工作室的运营，要加上每月5,000欧元的统一租金，相当于每年60,000欧元，共计218,773.20欧元。

因此，仅租金收入就可以支付每月18,231.10欧元的还款/利息分期付款。

安全问题

在资金瓶颈的情况下，在买卖期###之后，1、2、3楼的单个住宅单位可以按5万欧元（4x23平方米）/6万欧元（4x28平方米）或22.5万欧元（1x114平方米）出售（学生宿舍/ETW，健康工作室）。总价值（不包括公共房间、停车位）：2,000,000欧元。

联系人: martin@woesler.de

Spechtsweg 23 Investor Prospect CN

2022-01-13T03:20:25Z

You Tianwei:

[[V|Back to V To Do List]]

欧洲曹雪芹文化中心

在这里，我们可以增长思想，使世界变得更好

并与学者、学生和朋友一起生活。

投资意向书

学生和讲师楼 Spechtsweg 23, 44801 Bochum，波鸿鲁尔大学对面

曹雪芹是中国小说《红楼梦》的作者。250年前，他将一种支持社会中的弱者和穷人、教育年轻人、享受生活、利用和发展文明成果的文化带到了完美的境地，使人的独立和完整的人格得以绽放。

本着这种精神，在欧洲的中心地带建立了一个中心，正对着德国最好的大学之一（博士教育优秀奖，根据IC4U排名，在德国排名第三），里面有关于曹雪芹文化的展览和档案，为文化活动和会议提供活动空间，还有许多最新标准的小型家具公寓，供学生和讲师短期和长期居住，如来自邻近的鲁尔大学的学生，来自中国的交流讲师或国际会议参与者。

我们正在寻找一位沉默的投资者，最好是曹雪芹文化的支持者，他将用400万欧元来实现这个项目，作为回报，他将从一开始就获得利息收入和分期还款，并从出租时获得一份租金收入作为回报。

背景介绍

位于波鸿的鲁尔大学（约40,000名学生）正在迅速扩张：主校区旁边的健康校区已经基本完工。地铁站 "Universität "已被另一个 "Gesundheits-Campus "延伸到500米之外。大学附近的生活空间很稀缺。土地价格正在上升（2017年，标准土地价值从250欧元上升到330欧元/平方米）。

湖南师范大学特聘教授、欧盟让-莫内讲席教授马丁-沃斯勒博士，1989年起在鲁尔大学学习，目前是威滕/赫德克大学大卫-马丁教授讲席的中国能力中心负责人，住在大学附近并设有办公室，于2017年成功收购了第一处房产，将其完全装修，改造成小型学生公寓并出租。这涉及到在所谓的Professorenviertel的一栋平房，甚至在完工之前就已经完全租出去了，只用了很少的广告努力。租金为16欧元/平方米，因为这些公寓都有家具，并配有现代化的浴室和厨房，有带互联网和座位的公共房间，还有一个共用的洗衣房。由于与学生和讲师住房社区达成协议，辅助费用在法律允许的范围内一次性结清，所以行政工作很少。该房产的资金完全来自于租金收入（2500欧元的冷租金，每月利息和还款负担不到2000欧元）。

Woesler博士在Uni-Centre（有购物设施、复印店、书店、图书馆和餐馆的步行区，一直到大学）的西端购置了另一处1038平方米的房产（这一处）。已获得规划许可，将其改建为一栋4层楼的小学生和讲师公寓（和电梯）。经验丰富的建筑师PSR Reiter，也为波鸿大学生服务部建造了学生宿舍，他被征服了，并已经提交了建筑申请。老建筑已经被拆除，大部分的挖掘坑已经被挖开（部分老楼板还在）。

整个建筑计划为残疾人提供便利，并适合老年人使用，学生群体将首先考虑到国际学生，根据研究，他们在私人住房市场上的机会较少。一楼应该是通过对曹雪芹文化的展览来刺激，使东方和西方文化交流，以及学生和讲师。它也将成为一种初创企业的孵化器，一个带有快速W-LAN连接的座位区的聚会场所，特别是为学生项目、倡议和商业想法而设。在地下室，带有桑拿的商业运营的健康工作室将在会议休息期间为学生和讲师提供休息时间，并为他们的学习或工作提供休息。

对于这个新对象，建筑师计算出最坏的情况下，每月的冷门租金收入约为15,000欧元，但根据附近一个较小对象的经验，Woesler博士预计约为25,000欧元。每月的利息和赎回负担将是15,000欧元。

建筑师计算的建筑成本为270万欧元。由于电晕，一些建筑材料的交付出现了瓶颈，因此，还需要有130万欧元的电晕安全缓冲，所以投资达到400万欧元。在下文中，仍然以没有安全缓冲的纯建筑成本为基础。

凭借每月15,000-25,000欧元的租金收入，投资者将在30-40年内收回其400万欧元的贷款。即使在这之后，投资者也会继续每月收到部分租金收入。这些单位作为抵押品。如果有必要，个别住宅单位也可以在锁定期后出售，以便更快地偿还贷款。

一至三楼各有8个单位，其中4个单位面积为23平方米，4个单位面积为28平方米，还有1个位于屋顶的顶层公寓，面积为114平方米，底层有约150平方米的多功能空间。此外，在地下室还有150平方米的健康工作室。23平方米公寓的销售价值为5万欧元，28平方米的销售价值为6万欧元等，养生工作室的销售价值约为45.5万欧元，合计200万欧元。

Woesler博士保证偿还收到的投资。他拥有与他的职业相称的收入，即中国一所国立大学的大学教授。

由于法律规定，只有在一定的锁定期后，才有可能出售个别单位。因此，这些款项最初被纯粹作为可偿还的资本投资来处理。在锁定期过后，投资可以具体和正式地转化为单位购买，并在土地登记册上做相应的记录。

当然，除了土地和财产的等值外，除了Woesler博士的担保外，投资是没有担保的，也就是说，如果Woesler博士无力偿还，可能会以全盘皆输告终（尽管为银行贷款投保了剩余债务保险）。然而，即使在这种情况下，Woesler博士也打算用他的职业收入来偿还所有投资者的本金索赔。如果一切按计划进行，将通过租金收入进行还款。

地下室养生工作室 150平方米 150

一楼多功能空间 150 m² 150

1楼 4个单元，面积23平方米

4个单位，28平方米 204

二楼 4个单元，每个单元23平方米

4个单位，28平方米 204

3楼 4个单位，每个单位23平方米

4个单位，28平方米 204

1楼1号阁楼 114平方米 114

876 m²

所有数值都是简化的。确切面积和数值：见附录中的建筑应用。

业务计划

财产波鸿，Spechtsweg 23（截至2022年1月8日）。

财产成本

土地（1028 m²）和建筑的购买价格为199,000欧元。
(地价根据标准地价：330欧元/平方米=339,240欧元)

公证/土地登记费用2% 4.000欧元已支付

土地转让税6.5% 13.000欧元已支付

购买额外费用（土地注册登记，土地转让税）20.000欧元已支付

共支付236.000欧元

建筑费用（带多功能会议室和小型公寓的最大解决方案）--将分4次等额收取，分别为2022年2月15日、2022年9月1日、2022年3月1日、2022年9月1日，需要在这些期限之前提供无承诺的利息

新建多户住宅，街区形式，2层楼（180m² x 4层=720m² + 52 m²楼梯=752 m² à 1400 €/m²：材料、规划、审批、人工费用） 1.846.340.27 €
规划和批准费用（10%） 184,634.03欧元

拆除费用30,000欧元已支付

融资总额2.317.489,19欧元

科罗娜附加费20% 463,497.84欧元

小计2.780.987,03欧元

其中股权资本10% 389,338.184欧元

融资额2.391.648.84欧元

额外的电晕附加费

(缓冲区，可以不使用） 1.608.351,16欧元

所需投资总额为4,000,000.00欧元

预期收益

公寓租金在10.50欧元/平方米和15欧元/平方米之间，带家具，见所附清单（共1281平方米，可比房产Äskulapweg 5目前租金为16欧元/平方米，带家具 - 10.50每月和平方米，如果使用KfW资金，否则12欧元，带家具16欧元/平方米，这里仔细计算税后为15欧元）包括。11个停车位25欧元=7,268欧元/月的冷门租金，加上约1000欧元偶尔租用底层约170平方米的公共活动室=15,566欧元×12个月=186,792欧元减去15%（新建筑的维护，租金损失）-28,019欧元=158,773.20欧元。地下室的150平方米的健康工作室的运营，要加上每月5,000欧元的统一租金，相当于每年60,000欧元，共计218,773.20欧元。

因此，仅租金收入就可以支付每月18,231.10欧元的还款/利息分期付款。

安全问题

在资金瓶颈的情况下，在投机期过后，1、2、3楼的单个住宅单位可以以5万欧元（4x23平方米）/6万欧元（4x28平方米）或22.5万欧元（1x114平方米）出售（学生宿舍/ETW，健康工作室）。总价值（不包括公共房间、停车位）：2.000.000欧元。

联系人: martin@woesler.de

Spechtsweg 23 Investor Prospect CN

2022-01-13T03:18:55Z

You Tianwei:

[[V]]

欧洲曹雪芹文化中心

在这里，我们可以增长思想，使世界变得更好

并与学者、学生和朋友一起生活。

投资意向书

学生和讲师楼 Spechtsweg 23, 44801 Bochum，波鸿鲁尔大学对面

曹雪芹是中国小说《红楼梦》的作者。250年前，他将一种支持社会中的弱者和穷人、教育年轻人、享受生活、利用和发展文明成果的文化带到了完美的境地，使人的独立和完整的人格得以绽放。

本着这种精神，在欧洲的中心地带建立了一个中心，正对着德国最好的大学之一（博士教育优秀奖，根据IC4U排名，在德国排名第三），里面有关于曹雪芹文化的展览和档案，为文化活动和会议提供活动空间，还有许多最新标准的小型家具公寓，供学生和讲师短期和长期居住，如来自邻近的鲁尔大学的学生，来自中国的交流讲师或国际会议参与者。

我们正在寻找一位沉默的投资者，最好是曹雪芹文化的支持者，他将用400万欧元来实现这个项目，作为回报，他将从一开始就获得利息收入和分期还款，并从出租时获得一份租金收入作为回报。

背景介绍

位于波鸿的鲁尔大学（约40,000名学生）正在迅速扩张：主校区旁边的健康校区已经基本完工。地铁站 "Universität "已被另一个 "Gesundheits-Campus "延伸到500米之外。大学附近的生活空间很稀缺。土地价格正在上升（2017年，标准土地价值从250欧元上升到330欧元/平方米）。

湖南师范大学特聘教授、欧盟让-莫内讲席教授马丁-沃斯勒博士，1989年起在鲁尔大学学习，目前是威滕/赫德克大学大卫-马丁教授讲席的中国能力中心负责人，住在大学附近并设有办公室，于2017年成功收购了第一处房产，将其完全装修，改造成小型学生公寓并出租。这涉及到在所谓的Professorenviertel的一栋平房，甚至在完工之前就已经完全租出去了，只用了很少的广告努力。租金为16欧元/平方米，因为这些公寓都有家具，并配有现代化的浴室和厨房，有带互联网和座位的公共房间，还有一个共用的洗衣房。由于与学生和讲师住房社区达成协议，辅助费用在法律允许的范围内一次性结清，所以行政工作很少。该房产的资金完全来自于租金收入（2500欧元的冷租金，每月利息和还款负担不到2000欧元）。

Woesler博士在Uni-Centre（有购物设施、复印店、书店、图书馆和餐馆的步行区，一直到大学）的西端购置了另一处1038平方米的房产（这一处）。已获得规划许可，将其改建为一栋4层楼的小学生和讲师公寓（和电梯）。经验丰富的建筑师PSR Reiter，也为波鸿大学生服务部建造了学生宿舍，他被征服了，并已经提交了建筑申请。老建筑已经被拆除，大部分的挖掘坑已经被挖开（部分老楼板还在）。

整个建筑计划为残疾人提供便利，并适合老年人使用，学生群体将首先考虑到国际学生，根据研究，他们在私人住房市场上的机会较少。一楼应该是通过对曹雪芹文化的展览来刺激，使东方和西方文化交流，以及学生和讲师。它也将成为一种初创企业的孵化器，一个带有快速W-LAN连接的座位区的聚会场所，特别是为学生项目、倡议和商业想法而设。在地下室，带有桑拿的商业运营的健康工作室将在会议休息期间为学生和讲师提供休息时间，并为他们的学习或工作提供休息。

对于这个新对象，建筑师计算出最坏的情况下，每月的冷门租金收入约为15,000欧元，但根据附近一个较小对象的经验，Woesler博士预计约为25,000欧元。每月的利息和赎回负担将是15,000欧元。

建筑师计算的建筑成本为270万欧元。由于电晕，一些建筑材料的交付出现了瓶颈，因此，还需要有130万欧元的电晕安全缓冲，所以投资达到400万欧元。在下文中，仍然以没有安全缓冲的纯建筑成本为基础。

凭借每月15,000-25,000欧元的租金收入，投资者将在30-40年内收回其400万欧元的贷款。即使在这之后，投资者也会继续每月收到部分租金收入。这些单位作为抵押品。如果有必要，个别住宅单位也可以在锁定期后出售，以便更快地偿还贷款。

一至三楼各有8个单位，其中4个单位面积为23平方米，4个单位面积为28平方米，还有1个位于屋顶的顶层公寓，面积为114平方米，底层有约150平方米的多功能空间。此外，在地下室还有150平方米的健康工作室。23平方米公寓的销售价值为5万欧元，28平方米的销售价值为6万欧元等，养生工作室的销售价值约为45.5万欧元，合计200万欧元。

Woesler博士保证偿还收到的投资。他拥有与他的职业相称的收入，即中国一所国立大学的大学教授。

由于法律规定，只有在一定的锁定期后，才有可能出售个别单位。因此，这些款项最初被纯粹作为可偿还的资本投资来处理。在锁定期过后，投资可以具体和正式地转化为单位购买，并在土地登记册上做相应的记录。

当然，除了土地和财产的等值外，除了Woesler博士的担保外，投资是没有担保的，也就是说，如果Woesler博士无力偿还，可能会以全盘皆输告终（尽管为银行贷款投保了剩余债务保险）。然而，即使在这种情况下，Woesler博士也打算用他的职业收入来偿还所有投资者的本金索赔。如果一切按计划进行，将通过租金收入进行还款。

地下室养生工作室 150平方米 150

一楼多功能空间 150 m² 150

1楼 4个单元，面积23平方米

4个单位，28平方米 204

二楼 4个单元，每个单元23平方米

4个单位，28平方米 204

3楼 4个单位，每个单位23平方米

4个单位，28平方米 204

1楼1号阁楼 114平方米 114

876 m²

所有数值都是简化的。确切面积和数值：见附录中的建筑应用。

业务计划

财产波鸿，Spechtsweg 23（截至2022年1月8日）。

财产成本

土地（1028 m²）和建筑的购买价格为199,000欧元。
(地价根据标准地价：330欧元/平方米=339,240欧元)

公证/土地登记费用2% 4.000欧元已支付

土地转让税6.5% 13.000欧元已支付

购买额外费用（土地注册登记，土地转让税）20.000欧元已支付

共支付236.000欧元

建筑费用（带多功能会议室和小型公寓的最大解决方案）--将分4次等额收取，分别为2022年2月15日、2022年9月1日、2022年3月1日、2022年9月1日，需要在这些期限之前提供无承诺的利息

新建多户住宅，街区形式，2层楼（180m² x 4层=720m² + 52 m²楼梯=752 m² à 1400 €/m²：材料、规划、审批、人工费用） 1.846.340.27 €
规划和批准费用（10%） 184,634.03欧元

拆除费用30,000欧元已支付

融资总额2.317.489,19欧元

科罗娜附加费20% 463,497.84欧元

小计2.780.987,03欧元

其中股权资本10% 389,338.184欧元

融资额2.391.648.84欧元

额外的电晕附加费

(缓冲区，可以不使用） 1.608.351,16欧元

所需投资总额为4,000,000.00欧元

预期收益

公寓租金在10.50欧元/平方米和15欧元/平方米之间，带家具，见所附清单（共1281平方米，可比房产Äskulapweg 5目前租金为16欧元/平方米，带家具 - 10.50每月和平方米，如果使用KfW资金，否则12欧元，带家具16欧元/平方米，这里仔细计算税后为15欧元）包括。11个停车位25欧元=7,268欧元/月的冷门租金，加上约1000欧元偶尔租用底层约170平方米的公共活动室=15,566欧元×12个月=186,792欧元减去15%（新建筑的维护，租金损失）-28,019欧元=158,773.20欧元。地下室的150平方米的健康工作室的运营，要加上每月5,000欧元的统一租金，相当于每年60,000欧元，共计218,773.20欧元。

因此，仅租金收入就可以支付每月18,231.10欧元的还款/利息分期付款。

安全问题

在资金瓶颈的情况下，在投机期过后，1、2、3楼的单个住宅单位可以以5万欧元（4x23平方米）/6万欧元（4x28平方米）或22.5万欧元（1x114平方米）出售（学生宿舍/ETW，健康工作室）。总价值（不包括公共房间、停车位）：2.000.000欧元。

联系人: martin@woesler.de

Spechtsweg 23 Investor Prospect CN

2022-01-13T03:18:06Z

You Tianwei:

https://bou.de/u/wiki/V

欧洲曹雪芹文化中心

在这里，我们可以增长思想，使世界变得更好

并与学者、学生和朋友一起生活。

投资意向书

学生和讲师楼 Spechtsweg 23, 44801 Bochum，波鸿鲁尔大学对面

曹雪芹是中国小说《红楼梦》的作者。250年前，他将一种支持社会中的弱者和穷人、教育年轻人、享受生活、利用和发展文明成果的文化带到了完美的境地，使人的独立和完整的人格得以绽放。

本着这种精神，在欧洲的中心地带建立了一个中心，正对着德国最好的大学之一（博士教育优秀奖，根据IC4U排名，在德国排名第三），里面有关于曹雪芹文化的展览和档案，为文化活动和会议提供活动空间，还有许多最新标准的小型家具公寓，供学生和讲师短期和长期居住，如来自邻近的鲁尔大学的学生，来自中国的交流讲师或国际会议参与者。

我们正在寻找一位沉默的投资者，最好是曹雪芹文化的支持者，他将用400万欧元来实现这个项目，作为回报，他将从一开始就获得利息收入和分期还款，并从出租时获得一份租金收入作为回报。

背景介绍

位于波鸿的鲁尔大学（约40,000名学生）正在迅速扩张：主校区旁边的健康校区已经基本完工。地铁站 "Universität "已被另一个 "Gesundheits-Campus "延伸到500米之外。大学附近的生活空间很稀缺。土地价格正在上升（2017年，标准土地价值从250欧元上升到330欧元/平方米）。

湖南师范大学特聘教授、欧盟让-莫内讲席教授马丁-沃斯勒博士，1989年起在鲁尔大学学习，目前是威滕/赫德克大学大卫-马丁教授讲席的中国能力中心负责人，住在大学附近并设有办公室，于2017年成功收购了第一处房产，将其完全装修，改造成小型学生公寓并出租。这涉及到在所谓的Professorenviertel的一栋平房，甚至在完工之前就已经完全租出去了，只用了很少的广告努力。租金为16欧元/平方米，因为这些公寓都有家具，并配有现代化的浴室和厨房，有带互联网和座位的公共房间，还有一个共用的洗衣房。由于与学生和讲师住房社区达成协议，辅助费用在法律允许的范围内一次性结清，所以行政工作很少。该房产的资金完全来自于租金收入（2500欧元的冷租金，每月利息和还款负担不到2000欧元）。

Woesler博士在Uni-Centre（有购物设施、复印店、书店、图书馆和餐馆的步行区，一直到大学）的西端购置了另一处1038平方米的房产（这一处）。已获得规划许可，将其改建为一栋4层楼的小学生和讲师公寓（和电梯）。经验丰富的建筑师PSR Reiter，也为波鸿大学生服务部建造了学生宿舍，他被征服了，并已经提交了建筑申请。老建筑已经被拆除，大部分的挖掘坑已经被挖开（部分老楼板还在）。

整个建筑计划为残疾人提供便利，并适合老年人使用，学生群体将首先考虑到国际学生，根据研究，他们在私人住房市场上的机会较少。一楼应该是通过对曹雪芹文化的展览来刺激，使东方和西方文化交流，以及学生和讲师。它也将成为一种初创企业的孵化器，一个带有快速W-LAN连接的座位区的聚会场所，特别是为学生项目、倡议和商业想法而设。在地下室，带有桑拿的商业运营的健康工作室将在会议休息期间为学生和讲师提供休息时间，并为他们的学习或工作提供休息。

对于这个新对象，建筑师计算出最坏的情况下，每月的冷门租金收入约为15,000欧元，但根据附近一个较小对象的经验，Woesler博士预计约为25,000欧元。每月的利息和赎回负担将是15,000欧元。

建筑师计算的建筑成本为270万欧元。由于电晕，一些建筑材料的交付出现了瓶颈，因此，还需要有130万欧元的电晕安全缓冲，所以投资达到400万欧元。在下文中，仍然以没有安全缓冲的纯建筑成本为基础。

凭借每月15,000-25,000欧元的租金收入，投资者将在30-40年内收回其400万欧元的贷款。即使在这之后，投资者也会继续每月收到部分租金收入。这些单位作为抵押品。如果有必要，个别住宅单位也可以在锁定期后出售，以便更快地偿还贷款。

一至三楼各有8个单位，其中4个单位面积为23平方米，4个单位面积为28平方米，还有1个位于屋顶的顶层公寓，面积为114平方米，底层有约150平方米的多功能空间。此外，在地下室还有150平方米的健康工作室。23平方米公寓的销售价值为5万欧元，28平方米的销售价值为6万欧元等，养生工作室的销售价值约为45.5万欧元，合计200万欧元。

Woesler博士保证偿还收到的投资。他拥有与他的职业相称的收入，即中国一所国立大学的大学教授。

由于法律规定，只有在一定的锁定期后，才有可能出售个别单位。因此，这些款项最初被纯粹作为可偿还的资本投资来处理。在锁定期过后，投资可以具体和正式地转化为单位购买，并在土地登记册上做相应的记录。

当然，除了土地和财产的等值外，除了Woesler博士的担保外，投资是没有担保的，也就是说，如果Woesler博士无力偿还，可能会以全盘皆输告终（尽管为银行贷款投保了剩余债务保险）。然而，即使在这种情况下，Woesler博士也打算用他的职业收入来偿还所有投资者的本金索赔。如果一切按计划进行，将通过租金收入进行还款。

地下室养生工作室 150平方米 150

一楼多功能空间 150 m² 150

1楼 4个单元，面积23平方米

4个单位，28平方米 204

二楼 4个单元，每个单元23平方米

4个单位，28平方米 204

3楼 4个单位，每个单位23平方米

4个单位，28平方米 204

1楼1号阁楼 114平方米 114

876 m²

所有数值都是简化的。确切面积和数值：见附录中的建筑应用。

业务计划

财产波鸿，Spechtsweg 23（截至2022年1月8日）。

财产成本

土地（1028 m²）和建筑的购买价格为199,000欧元。
(地价根据标准地价：330欧元/平方米=339,240欧元)

公证/土地登记费用2% 4.000欧元已支付

土地转让税6.5% 13.000欧元已支付

购买额外费用（土地注册登记，土地转让税）20.000欧元已支付

共支付236.000欧元

建筑费用（带多功能会议室和小型公寓的最大解决方案）--将分4次等额收取，分别为2022年2月15日、2022年9月1日、2022年3月1日、2022年9月1日，需要在这些期限之前提供无承诺的利息

新建多户住宅，街区形式，2层楼（180m² x 4层=720m² + 52 m²楼梯=752 m² à 1400 €/m²：材料、规划、审批、人工费用） 1.846.340.27 €
规划和批准费用（10%） 184,634.03欧元

拆除费用30,000欧元已支付

融资总额2.317.489,19欧元

科罗娜附加费20% 463,497.84欧元

小计2.780.987,03欧元

其中股权资本10% 389,338.184欧元

融资额2.391.648.84欧元

额外的电晕附加费

(缓冲区，可以不使用） 1.608.351,16欧元

所需投资总额为4,000,000.00欧元

预期收益

公寓租金在10.50欧元/平方米和15欧元/平方米之间，带家具，见所附清单（共1281平方米，可比房产Äskulapweg 5目前租金为16欧元/平方米，带家具 - 10.50每月和平方米，如果使用KfW资金，否则12欧元，带家具16欧元/平方米，这里仔细计算税后为15欧元）包括。11个停车位25欧元=7,268欧元/月的冷门租金，加上约1000欧元偶尔租用底层约170平方米的公共活动室=15,566欧元×12个月=186,792欧元减去15%（新建筑的维护，租金损失）-28,019欧元=158,773.20欧元。地下室的150平方米的健康工作室的运营，要加上每月5,000欧元的统一租金，相当于每年60,000欧元，共计218,773.20欧元。

因此，仅租金收入就可以支付每月18,231.10欧元的还款/利息分期付款。

安全问题

在资金瓶颈的情况下，在投机期过后，1、2、3楼的单个住宅单位可以以5万欧元（4x23平方米）/6万欧元（4x28平方米）或22.5万欧元（1x114平方米）出售（学生宿舍/ETW，健康工作室）。总价值（不包括公共房间、停车位）：2.000.000欧元。

联系人: martin@woesler.de

Spechtsweg 23 Investor Prospect CN

2022-01-13T03:04:47Z

You Tianwei:

欧洲曹雪芹文化中心

在这里，我们可以增长思想，使世界变得更好

并与学者、学生和朋友一起生活。

投资意向书

学生和讲师楼 Spechtsweg 23, 44801 Bochum，波鸿鲁尔大学对面

曹雪芹是中国小说《红楼梦》的作者。250年前，他将一种支持社会中的弱者和穷人、教育年轻人、享受生活、利用和发展文明成果的文化带到了完美的境地，使人的独立和完整的人格得以绽放。

本着这种精神，在欧洲的中心地带建立了一个中心，正对着德国最好的大学之一（博士教育优秀奖，根据IC4U排名，在德国排名第三），里面有关于曹雪芹文化的展览和档案，为文化活动和会议提供活动空间，还有许多最新标准的小型家具公寓，供学生和讲师短期和长期居住，如来自邻近的鲁尔大学的学生，来自中国的交流讲师或国际会议参与者。

我们正在寻找一位沉默的投资者，最好是曹雪芹文化的支持者，他将用400万欧元来实现这个项目，作为回报，他将从一开始就获得利息收入和分期还款，并从出租时获得一份租金收入作为回报。

背景介绍

位于波鸿的鲁尔大学（约40,000名学生）正在迅速扩张：主校区旁边的健康校区已经基本完工。地铁站 "Universität "已被另一个 "Gesundheits-Campus "延伸到500米之外。大学附近的生活空间很稀缺。土地价格正在上升（2017年，标准土地价值从250欧元上升到330欧元/平方米）。

湖南师范大学特聘教授、欧盟让-莫内讲席教授马丁-沃斯勒博士，1989年起在鲁尔大学学习，目前是威滕/赫德克大学大卫-马丁教授讲席的中国能力中心负责人，住在大学附近并设有办公室，于2017年成功收购了第一处房产，将其完全装修，改造成小型学生公寓并出租。这涉及到在所谓的Professorenviertel的一栋平房，甚至在完工之前就已经完全租出去了，只用了很少的广告努力。租金为16欧元/平方米，因为这些公寓都有家具，并配有现代化的浴室和厨房，有带互联网和座位的公共房间，还有一个共用的洗衣房。由于与学生和讲师住房社区达成协议，辅助费用在法律允许的范围内一次性结清，所以行政工作很少。该房产的资金完全来自于租金收入（2500欧元的冷租金，每月利息和还款负担不到2000欧元）。

Woesler博士在Uni-Centre（有购物设施、复印店、书店、图书馆和餐馆的步行区，一直到大学）的西端购置了另一处1038平方米的房产（这一处）。已获得规划许可，将其改建为一栋4层楼的小学生和讲师公寓（和电梯）。经验丰富的建筑师PSR Reiter，也为波鸿大学生服务部建造了学生宿舍，他被征服了，并已经提交了建筑申请。老建筑已经被拆除，大部分的挖掘坑已经被挖开（部分老楼板还在）。

整个建筑计划为残疾人提供便利，并适合老年人使用，学生群体将首先考虑到国际学生，根据研究，他们在私人住房市场上的机会较少。一楼应该是通过对曹雪芹文化的展览来刺激，使东方和西方文化交流，以及学生和讲师。它也将成为一种初创企业的孵化器，一个带有快速W-LAN连接的座位区的聚会场所，特别是为学生项目、倡议和商业想法而设。在地下室，带有桑拿的商业运营的健康工作室将在会议休息期间为学生和讲师提供休息时间，并为他们的学习或工作提供休息。

对于这个新对象，建筑师计算出最坏的情况下，每月的冷门租金收入约为15,000欧元，但根据附近一个较小对象的经验，Woesler博士预计约为25,000欧元。每月的利息和赎回负担将是15,000欧元。

建筑师计算的建筑成本为270万欧元。由于电晕，一些建筑材料的交付出现了瓶颈，因此，还需要有130万欧元的电晕安全缓冲，所以投资达到400万欧元。在下文中，仍然以没有安全缓冲的纯建筑成本为基础。

凭借每月15,000-25,000欧元的租金收入，投资者将在30-40年内收回其400万欧元的贷款。即使在这之后，投资者也会继续每月收到部分租金收入。这些单位作为抵押品。如果有必要，个别住宅单位也可以在锁定期后出售，以便更快地偿还贷款。

一至三楼各有8个单位，其中4个单位面积为23平方米，4个单位面积为28平方米，还有1个位于屋顶的顶层公寓，面积为114平方米，底层有约150平方米的多功能空间。此外，在地下室还有150平方米的健康工作室。23平方米公寓的销售价值为5万欧元，28平方米的销售价值为6万欧元等，养生工作室的销售价值约为45.5万欧元，合计200万欧元。

Woesler博士保证偿还收到的投资。他拥有与他的职业相称的收入，即中国一所国立大学的大学教授。

由于法律规定，只有在一定的锁定期后，才有可能出售个别单位。因此，这些款项最初被纯粹作为可偿还的资本投资来处理。在锁定期过后，投资可以具体和正式地转化为单位购买，并在土地登记册上做相应的记录。

当然，除了土地和财产的等值外，除了Woesler博士的担保外，投资是没有担保的，也就是说，如果Woesler博士无力偿还，可能会以全盘皆输告终（尽管为银行贷款投保了剩余债务保险）。然而，即使在这种情况下，Woesler博士也打算用他的职业收入来偿还所有投资者的本金索赔。如果一切按计划进行，将通过租金收入进行还款。

地下室养生工作室 150平方米 150

一楼多功能空间 150 m² 150

1楼 4个单元，面积23平方米

4个单位，28平方米 204

二楼 4个单元，每个单元23平方米

4个单位，28平方米 204

3楼 4个单位，每个单位23平方米

4个单位，28平方米 204

1楼1号阁楼 114平方米 114

876 m²

所有数值都是简化的。确切面积和数值：见附录中的建筑应用。

业务计划

财产波鸿，Spechtsweg 23（截至2022年1月8日）。

财产成本

土地（1028 m²）和建筑的购买价格为199,000欧元。
(地价根据标准地价：330欧元/平方米=339,240欧元)

公证/土地登记费用2% 4.000欧元已支付

土地转让税6.5% 13.000欧元已支付

购买额外费用（土地注册登记，土地转让税）20.000欧元已支付

共支付236.000欧元

建筑费用（带多功能会议室和小型公寓的最大解决方案）--将分4次等额收取，分别为2022年2月15日、2022年9月1日、2022年3月1日、2022年9月1日，需要在这些期限之前提供无承诺的利息

新建多户住宅，街区形式，2层楼（180m² x 4层=720m² + 52 m²楼梯=752 m² à 1400 €/m²：材料、规划、审批、人工费用） 1.846.340.27 €
规划和批准费用（10%） 184,634.03欧元

拆除费用30,000欧元已支付

融资总额2.317.489,19欧元

科罗娜附加费20% 463,497.84欧元

小计2.780.987,03欧元

其中股权资本10% 389,338.184欧元

融资额2.391.648.84欧元

额外的电晕附加费

(缓冲区，可以不使用） 1.608.351,16欧元

所需投资总额为4,000,000.00欧元

预期收益

公寓租金在10.50欧元/平方米和15欧元/平方米之间，带家具，见所附清单（共1281平方米，可比房产Äskulapweg 5目前租金为16欧元/平方米，带家具 - 10.50每月和平方米，如果使用KfW资金，否则12欧元，带家具16欧元/平方米，这里仔细计算税后为15欧元）包括。11个停车位25欧元=7,268欧元/月的冷门租金，加上约1000欧元偶尔租用底层约170平方米的公共活动室=15,566欧元×12个月=186,792欧元减去15%（新建筑的维护，租金损失）-28,019欧元=158,773.20欧元。地下室的150平方米的健康工作室的运营，要加上每月5,000欧元的统一租金，相当于每年60,000欧元，共计218,773.20欧元。

因此，仅租金收入就可以支付每月18,231.10欧元的还款/利息分期付款。

安全问题

在资金瓶颈的情况下，在投机期过后，1、2、3楼的单个住宅单位可以以5万欧元（4x23平方米）/6万欧元（4x28平方米）或22.5万欧元（1x114平方米）出售（学生宿舍/ETW，健康工作室）。总价值（不包括公共房间、停车位）：2.000.000欧元。

联系人: martin@woesler.de

Spechtsweg 23 Investor Prospect CN

2022-01-13T03:01:47Z

You Tianwei: Created page with " 欧洲曹雪芹文化中心在这里，我们可以增长思想，使世界变得更好并与学者、学生和朋友一起生活。投资说明书学生和讲师..."

欧洲曹雪芹文化中心

在这里，我们可以增长思想，使世界变得更好

并与学者、学生和朋友一起生活。

投资说明书

学生和讲师楼 Spechtsweg 23, 44801 Bochum，波鸿鲁尔大学对面

曹雪芹是中国小说《红楼梦》的作者。250年前，他将一种支持社会中的弱者和穷人、教育年轻人、享受生活、利用和发展文明成果的文化带到了完美的境地，使人的独立和完整的人格得以绽放。

本着这种精神，在欧洲的中心地带建立了一个中心，正对着德国最好的大学之一（博士教育优秀奖，根据IC4U排名，在德国排名第三），里面有关于曹雪芹文化的展览和档案，为文化活动和会议提供活动空间，还有许多最新标准的小型家具公寓，供学生和讲师短期和长期居住，如来自邻近的鲁尔大学的学生，来自中国的交流讲师或国际会议参与者。

我们正在寻找一位沉默的投资者，最好是曹雪芹文化的支持者，他将用400万欧元来实现这个项目，作为回报，他将从一开始就获得利息收入和分期还款，并从出租时获得一份租金收入作为回报。

背景介绍

位于波鸿的鲁尔大学（约40,000名学生）正在迅速扩张：主校区旁边的健康校区已经基本完工。地铁站 "Universität "已被另一个 "Gesundheits-Campus "延伸到500米之外。大学附近的生活空间很稀缺。土地价格正在上升（2017年，标准土地价值从250欧元上升到330欧元/平方米）。

湖南师范大学特聘教授、欧盟让-莫内讲席教授马丁-沃斯勒博士，1989年起在鲁尔大学学习，目前是威滕/赫德克大学大卫-马丁教授讲席的中国能力中心负责人，住在大学附近并设有办公室，于2017年成功收购了第一处房产，将其完全装修，改造成小型学生公寓并出租。这涉及到在所谓的Professorenviertel的一栋平房，甚至在完工之前就已经完全租出去了，只用了很少的广告努力。租金为16欧元/平方米，因为这些公寓都有家具，并配有现代化的浴室和厨房，有带互联网和座位的公共房间，还有一个共用的洗衣房。由于与学生和讲师住房社区达成协议，辅助费用在法律允许的范围内一次性结清，所以行政工作很少。该房产的资金完全来自于租金收入（2500欧元的冷租金，每月利息和还款负担不到2000欧元）。

Woesler博士在Uni-Centre（有购物设施、复印店、书店、图书馆和餐馆的步行区，一直到大学）的西端购置了另一处1038平方米的房产（这一处）。已获得规划许可，将其改建为一栋4层楼的小学生和讲师公寓（和电梯）。经验丰富的建筑师PSR Reiter，也为波鸿大学生服务部建造了学生宿舍，他被征服了，并已经提交了建筑申请。老建筑已经被拆除，大部分的挖掘坑已经被挖开（部分老楼板还在）。

整个建筑计划为残疾人提供便利，并适合老年人使用，学生群体将首先考虑到国际学生，根据研究，他们在私人住房市场上的机会较少。一楼应该是通过对曹雪芹文化的展览来刺激，使东方和西方文化交流，以及学生和讲师。它也将成为一种初创企业的孵化器，一个带有快速W-LAN连接的座位区的聚会场所，特别是为学生项目、倡议和商业想法而设。在地下室，带有桑拿的商业运营的健康工作室将在会议休息期间为学生和讲师提供休息时间，并为他们的学习或工作提供休息。

对于这个新对象，建筑师计算出最坏的情况下，每月的冷门租金收入约为15,000欧元，但根据附近一个较小对象的经验，Woesler博士预计约为25,000欧元。每月的利息和赎回负担将是15,000欧元。

建筑师计算的建筑成本为270万欧元。由于电晕，一些建筑材料的交付出现了瓶颈，因此，还需要有130万欧元的电晕安全缓冲，所以投资达到400万欧元。在下文中，仍然以没有安全缓冲的纯建筑成本为基础。

凭借每月15,000-25,000欧元的租金收入，投资者将在30-40年内收回其400万欧元的贷款。即使在这之后，投资者也会继续每月收到部分租金收入。这些单位作为抵押品。如果有必要，个别住宅单位也可以在锁定期后出售，以便更快地偿还贷款。

一至三楼各有8个单位，其中4个单位面积为23平方米，4个单位面积为28平方米，还有1个位于屋顶的顶层公寓，面积为114平方米，底层有约150平方米的多功能空间。此外，在地下室还有150平方米的健康工作室。23平方米公寓的销售价值为5万欧元，28平方米的销售价值为6万欧元等，养生工作室的销售价值约为45.5万欧元，合计200万欧元。

Woesler博士保证偿还收到的投资。他拥有与他的职业相称的收入，即中国一所国立大学的大学教授。

由于法律规定，只有在一定的锁定期后，才有可能出售个别单位。因此，这些款项最初被纯粹作为可偿还的资本投资来处理。在锁定期过后，投资可以具体和正式地转化为单位购买，并在土地登记册上做相应的记录。

当然，除了土地和财产的等值外，除了Woesler博士的担保外，投资是没有担保的，也就是说，如果Woesler博士无力偿还，可能会以全盘皆输告终（尽管为银行贷款投保了剩余债务保险）。然而，即使在这种情况下，Woesler博士也打算用他的职业收入来偿还所有投资者的本金索赔。如果一切按计划进行，将通过租金收入进行还款。

地下室养生工作室 150平方米 150

一楼多功能空间 150 m² 150

1楼 4个单元，面积23平方米

4个单位，28平方米 204

二楼 4个单元，每个单元23平方米

4个单位，28平方米 204

3楼 4个单位，每个单位23平方米

4个单位，28平方米 204

1楼1号阁楼 114平方米 114

876 m²

所有数值都是简化的。确切面积和数值：见附录中的建筑应用。

业务计划

财产波鸿，Spechtsweg 23（截至2022年1月8日）。

财产成本

土地（1028 m²）和建筑的购买价格为199,000欧元。
(地价根据标准地价：330欧元/平方米=339,240欧元)

公证/土地登记费用2% 4.000欧元已支付

土地转让税6.5% 13.000欧元已支付

购买额外费用（土地注册登记，土地转让税）20.000欧元已支付

共支付236.000欧元

建筑费用（带多功能会议室和小型公寓的最大解决方案）--将分4次等额收取，分别为2022年2月15日、2022年9月1日、2022年3月1日、2022年9月1日，需要在这些期限之前提供无承诺的利息

新建多户住宅，街区形式，2层楼（180m² x 4层=720m² + 52 m²楼梯=752 m² à 1400 €/m²：材料、规划、审批、人工费用） 1.846.340.27 €
规划和批准费用（10%） 184,634.03欧元

拆除费用30,000欧元已支付

融资总额2.317.489,19欧元

科罗娜附加费20% 463,497.84欧元

小计2.780.987,03欧元

其中股权资本10% 389,338.184欧元

融资额2.391.648.84欧元

额外的电晕附加费

(缓冲区，可以不使用） 1.608.351,16欧元

所需投资总额为4,000,000.00欧元

预期收益

公寓租金在10.50欧元/平方米和15欧元/平方米之间，带家具，见所附清单（共1281平方米，可比房产Äskulapweg 5目前租金为16欧元/平方米，带家具 - 10.50每月和平方米，如果使用KfW资金，否则12欧元，带家具16欧元/平方米，这里仔细计算税后为15欧元）包括。11个停车位25欧元=7,268欧元/月的冷门租金，加上约1000欧元偶尔租用底层约170平方米的公共活动室=15,566欧元×12个月=186,792欧元减去15%（新建筑的维护，租金损失）-28,019欧元=158,773.20欧元。地下室的150平方米的健康工作室的运营，要加上每月5,000欧元的统一租金，相当于每年60,000欧元，共计218,773.20欧元。

因此，仅租金收入就可以支付每月18,231.10欧元的还款/利息分期付款。

安全问题

在资金瓶颈的情况下，在投机期过后，1、2、3楼的单个住宅单位可以以5万欧元（4x23平方米）/6万欧元（4x28平方米）或22.5万欧元（1x114平方米）出售（学生宿舍/ETW，健康工作室）。总价值（不包括公共房间、停车位）：2.000.000欧元。

联系人: martin@woesler.de

V

2022-01-13T02:32:14Z

You Tianwei:

'''Verlag: To Do List''' (http://bou.de/u/wiki/v)

=Tasks=
*Interview für RUB; Wiki: DOIs (Emails von Dr. Vahid und Demedra), Forschungsinstitute aktualisieren (wo ist Tabelle?, Telefontext?), Quarantäne in China – Eine Schritt-für-Schritt-Anleitung 2022; Quittungen sortieren
*Email von Demedra, Herr Klaus Kirchmeyer:

<NotificationType>06</NotificationType> steht für eine Neumeldung

07 für die Korrektur eines alten Datensatzes

Einzelne Meldungen können Sie in der Kontollübersicht (demedra.org, Home, Bereich für registrierte Kunden, DOI-Registrierung, Anzeige Status) als XML-Datei herunterladen. Geben Sie bei der Suche bitte mindestens ein Startjahr an (z.B. "2000", um alle DOIs zu sehen).

Muster-Neumeldung unter j:\books\doi\Neumeldung_Journalbeitrag_...xml
JN: Habe 10 xml Dateien geschafft heute, mache am Montag weiter.

*Bitte '''alle''' auf http://bou.de/u/ registrieren (rechs oben Register, dann "Request one", mit Klarnamen registrieren und unten "wikicaptcha" als captcha)
*Hinweis: Diese Übersichtsseite können alle bearbeiten, bitte auch Vollzug melden durch Kürzel hier.
*WeChat installieren, mich "good_old_cathay" hinzufügen, Gruppe "Verlag" machen bzw. beitreten.
* Investor Project Spechtsweg 23 - CN [[Spechtsweg_23_Investor_Prospect_CN|Investor Prospect]] by '''tw'''
=Interview über den Univerlag=
*'''Yi''' bitte einmal [[Interview_Univerlag_2022|Interview Univerlag 2022]] durchlesen und Änderungen direkt mit "Edit" machen.

=Übersetzungen=
*'''jana''' Kevin aus Anhui fragt, wann die Übersetzung von „Der große Bericht“ fertig wird. Bitte auch Prozentangaben wie weit.
*'''mw''' Windy: Wie weit ist Probeübersetzung Afrikanischer Arzt?

=Competence-Anträge=
*'''Jana''', '''Jonas''': die Forschungsinstitute anrufen und [[Media:umfrage.docx|BEILIEGENDE NEUE Fragebögen]] hinschicken (Miriam weiß wie)
*'''Jana'''/'''Jonas''' zusammen mit Dr. Vahid die dois vergeben, Dazu einmal die beiliegende xml-Datei (die ist aber nur für Bücher) mit deinem Notepad++ Editor bearbeiten und einfach pro Datensatz die Dinge angleichen, dabei als Landing page nicht mehr direkt die pdf-Datei, sondern auf die Webseite http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php#... (hnter dem Gatter erscheint immer der Anker, der zur richtigen Heftausgabe führt) verweisen. Achtung: Nur neue Datensätze bekommen eine 01. Die Korrektur eines alten Datensatzes geht glaube ich mit 07 statt 01 (besser vorher noch einmal Demedra fragen).
Ein Muster für die xml-Datei für Zeitschriftenbeiträge findest Du unter https://www.medra.org/servlet/view?lang=de&doi=10.12906/9783899664744_001 Dort auch noch den Link statt direkt auf die pdf-Datei auf die Seite http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php#IJLTR2021 ändern. Vielleicht sollten wir sogar nicht nur einen Anker/Link für IJLTR2021 machen, sondern je einen für die Einzelausgaben wie http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php#IJLTR2021_1, http://universitypress.eu/en/journals.php#IJLTR2021_2 bis _4 und dann für das nächste Heft IJLTR2022_1 etc.

Hast Du die Email von Dr. Vahid gefunden? Er hat die DOI schon verteilt, sie müssen aber noch gemeldet werden. Bitte nicht auf seine Aussage "Anbei das neue Logo" eingehen. Er will immer gerne selbst die letzte Fassung von Umschlägen etc. machen, bevor Du aber seinen Umschlag verwendest, mich fragen, dann machen wir ggf. Änderungen, die er haben will, an UNSERER Umschlag-Datei und verwenden die, nie eine von ihm zuletzt bearbeitete Fassung des grafischen Umschlags (das wäre ja noch schöner, wenn die Autoren und Herausgeber jetzt die Umschläge selbst machen würden).

=China-Verlagsprogramm und Verlagsprogramm allgemein=
*'''yi''' an die europäischen sinologischen Institute schicken und insbesondere für die Zeitschriften Mitteilungsblatt, EJS und EJCS werben? Und die Gesamtprogramme an die Erwerbungsstellen der deutschen Bibliotheken? Bitte die Schreiben vorher von mir freigeben lassen. Sonderangebot: Jedes sinologische Institut in Europa kann das Zeitschriften-Paket EJS, EJCS, MB als Campuslizenz (IP-Range) als jährlich kündbares Abo vorerst für 9 Euro pro Zeitschrift und Jahr, im Paket für 19 Euro für alle 3 Zeitschriften beziehen. Die Hefte erscheinen immer im Folgejahr, d.h. 2021 erscheint 2022.