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User:Zeng Man

2024-12-31T03:22:33Z

Zeng Man:

我叫曾蔓，专业是英语笔译，来自湖北荆州。爱好是在游戏里种田，现实生活中不太喜欢，因为着实有点累。运动会偏好跑步，因为这项运动简单，边听歌边跑步最惬意啦。还有就是我没买保险，所以需要保持身体健康。感觉自己对中国文化了解也不是很深，希望上了您的课，能更好地学习本国的文化。

\= Nov 6, 2024 \=I learned how to say "I love you" in French. That's "Je t'aime".

\= Nov 7, 2024 \=I knew several French celebrites such as Charles de Gaulle, Honoré de Balzac and Sophie Marceau.

\= Nov 8, 2024 \=I learnt 13 French alphabets from A to M. It was different for me to pronunce G and J.

\= Nov 9, 2024 \=I didn't study French.

\= Nov 10, 2024 \=I reviewed these 13 alphabets. Then I continued to learn another 13 French alphabets from N to Z.

\= Nov 11, 2024 \=I learnt how to greet others. Some expressions were as follow: Bonjour,madame/monsieur. Bonjour à tous/vous.

\= Nov 12, 2024 \=I learnt 5 sons（phonèmes）：/a/, /ɛ/, /e/, /i/ ,/b/

\= Nov 13, 2024 \=I learnt some sentences about self-introduction. -Je suis Zeng Man. Et vous? -Moi, C'est Lucie.

\= Nov 14, 2024 \=I learnt 8 subject pronouns(pronoms sujets): je,tu,il, elle, nous,vous,ils, elles.

\= Nov 15, 2024 \=I reviewed yesterday's subject pronouns.

\= Nov 16, 2024 \=I didn't study French because I attened an academic meeting in Chongqing.

\= Nov 17, 2024 \=I didn't study French, either, because I traveled in Chongqing and saw cute pandas.

\= Nov 18, 2024 \=I learnt conjugasion（动词变位）and I thought it was very complex.je suis, tu es, il est, elle est, nous sommes, vous tes, ils sont, elles sont.

\= Nov 19, 2024 \=I reviewed what I had learnt yesterday.

\= Nov 20, 2024 \=I learnt to say good morning and good evening in French: Bonjour. Bonsoir. -Comment ça va？/Comment allez-vous？-Ça va bien./Je vais bien.

\= Nov 21, 2024 \=I learnt several vowels：/ø/, /œ/, /ə/ and also some consonants: /ʃ/, /dʒ/, /k/,/g/.

\= Nov 22, 2024 \=I learnt conversation about how to say goodbye. Au revoir.Salut.Bonne journée. À bientôt. À demain.

\= Nov 23, 2024 \=I have learned the French expressions for Monday through Sunday.

\= Nov 24, 2024 \=I learnt several vowels：/ɔ/, /ɒ/, /u/ and also some consonants: /h/, /s/, /z/,/ɾ/.

\= Nov 25, 2024 \=I learnt some expressions about apology and thanks(remercier et s'excuser):Merci. Merci beaucoup.Pardon.Excusez-moi.Ça va. / Ça va bien. Je vous en prie.

\= Nov 26, 2024 \=I didn't learn anything.

\= Nov 27, 2024 \=Review.

\= Nov 28, 2024 \=I learnt to count number 1-10 in French.

\= Nov 29, 2024 \=I followed the tape to read some sentences to practice my oral French. For example: Il pleut. Je veux des œufs.Il a lea yeux bleus.

\= Nov 30, 2024 \=I learned how to prouonuce "e" in French words. It has two main kinds: "e" is pronounced, and sometimes "e" is mute.

\= Dec.1, 2024 \=Practice the pronunciation rules for "e".

\= Dec.2, 2024 \=I learnt to count number 11-20 in French.

\= Dec.3, 2024 \=I reviewed these complicated numbers.

\= Dec.4, 2024 \=I learned some new words that were nouns could be used in the classroom.

\= Dec.5, 2024 \=I knew there is distinction between masculine and feminine nouns with the corresponding definite articles "un" and "une".

\= Dec.6, 2024 \= I learned a sentence pattern expression."Qu’est-ce que c’est ? " "C'est un cahier."

\= Dec.7, 2024 \=I had a rest.

\= Dec.8, 2024 \=I learned its plural form: "Qu’est-ce que sont ces choses ?" "Ce sont des stylos."

\= Dec.9, 2024 \=I learned the interrogative form of this sentence pattern. "Est-ce que c’est un livre? " "Oui, c'est un livre." "Non, c'est un dictionnaire."

\= Dec.10, 2024 \=I read some sentences to practice the intonation about declarative and interrogative sentences.

\= Dec.11, 2024 \=Review

\= Dec.12, 2024 \=I learnt some abbreviations about French organizatoins: AFP (Agence France-Presse), ONU(Organisation des Nations Unies) JO(Jeux Olympiques) and so on.

\= Dec.13, 2024 \=I learnt some new words to start a conversation.

\= Dec.14, 2024 \=Today, I learned about the masculine and feminine genders of French nouns.

\= Dec.15, 2024 \=Today, I learned how to ask about someone's nationality in French. "Tu es …?" "Je viens de…""Je suis…"

\= Dec.16, 2024 \=Today, I learned how to ask about someone's profession in French.

\= Dec.17, 2024 \=Had a rest.

\= Dec.18, 2024 \=I learned the verb conjugations, like "aimer", "parler", "aller".

\= Dec.19, 2024 \=I learned more verb conjugations, like "venir", “être” “êtudier”.

\= Dec.20, 2024 \=

Bamboo Weaving

Zeng Man

Abstract:

Bamboo weaving is a traditional handicraft with a long history and rich cultural connotations. Primarily using bamboo as the raw material, it employs specific weaving techniques and craftsmanship to create a variety of household items and decorative objects, reflecting profound culture and exquisite artistry. This article introduces the development history, production process, categories, schools, and symbolic meanings of bamboo weaving. Bamboo products are a combination of practicality and artistic appreciation, carrying significant cultural meaning. Today, bamboo weaving has been listed as a national intangible cultural heritage, becoming an important carrier for the inheritance and promotion of Chinese culture.

Historical Development of Bamboo Weaving

China was one of the first countries in the world to utilize and process bamboo, with a history dating back more than 5,000 years. During the Neolithic Age, people began to collect bamboo and make baskets and hampers for daily use (Pu Liheng, 2018). During the Yin and Shang Dynasties, bamboo weaving patterns became more diverse and weaving techniques were refined. From the bamboo woven utensils unearthed in Jiangling, Hubei Province, Changde, Hunan Province and other places, it can be seen that the bamboo weaving skills during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods already had a high level. Bamboo weaving skills continued to promote during the Qin and Han Dynasties, in addition to production of domestic goods, there were also some entertainment and ritual objects. Exquisite bamboo crafts, such as bamboo folding screen, bamboo ornaments appeared on the stage. During the Tang and Song dynasties, bamboo weaving was continuously innovated by skillful craftsmen, created delicate toys and so on. Some dignitaries would invite lantern craftsmen to create exquisite lanterns, including dragon lanterns and festive lanterns, some of which used bamboo weaving techniques. Bamboo weaving craftsmen increased in the Ming and Qing Dynasties; to the mid-Ming Dynasty, the application of bamboo weaving covered many fields with more sophisticated weaving skills. Besides, lots of daily necessities began to the combination of bamboo weaving and lacquer ware (Cao Dong, 2023). Bamboo weaving style was more diversified, some focus on practicality, while others emphasize artistry. At the same time, the combination of bamboo weaving and other crafts was also closer, such as with wood carving and lacquer. Entering the 21st century, plastic products and metal products gradually replaced the traditional bamboo weaving products, so the bamboo weaving craft gradually lost its market competitiveness and became less popular, and its weaving skills became “intangible cultural heritage”. However, people’s affection for traditional culture and love for handicrafts has also provided new opportunities for the inheritance and development of bamboo weaving skills. Many bamboo weaving artists are still tirelessly pursuing new art, and new works are emerging.

Process of Bamboo Woven Products

A piece of bamboo woven product usually goes through more than ten to thirty processes from raw materials to finished products. There are usually four main processes in traditional bamboo woven products, which are as follows:
Processing bamboo sticks: bamboo is broken into thin and even sticks by breaking, splitting, scraping the top layer of green, layering, and passing through the knife gate. (A special tool consisting of two identical knives, where bamboo sticks are placed in the gap between the two knives and pulled so that bamboo sticks pass through the knives, adjusting their width and thickness, ensuring that sticks are even and consistent.)
Weaving: Weaving is the most important part of the bamboo weaving process, which can be roughly divided into three processes: starting the base, weaving and finishing the edges. In bamboo weaving, common weaving techniques prioritize functionality and encompass methods like “warp and weft weaving”, “herringbone weave”, “cross weave”, “hexagonal weave”(Muxing Gao, Xiaoxiao Cao, 2024)， during which other methods may be used according to the needs, such as: insertion, locking, cutting, sparse weaving and so on. By applying these weaving methods, bamboo sticks are made into the desired shapes and patterns.
Finishing: Trimming, polishing, lacquering and coloring the finished work to make it more beautiful and durable.
Quality Checking and Packaging: Quality checking of the finished work to ensure that it meets the requirements before packaging and storing.

Categories of Bamboo Woven Products

In terms of the form and structure of products, bamboo woven products can be divided into three-dimensional weaving and plane weaving. The formal ones have three-dimensional forms, such as baskets, containers, furniture, etc., with a strong sense of stereo perception and artistic appeal, such as bamboo sculpture can show vivid shapes of human characters or animals, and bamboo architectural models present the unique structure of traditional architecture. Plane bamboo weaving is mainly unfolded on the two-dimensional plane, such as wall hangings, folding screens etc., which is unique and charming with its simple and clear artistic style. Various patterns and textures are created mainly through the method of warp and weft weaving. Plane bamboo weaving products are commonly found in bamboo weaving paintings and tapestries, etc., which can be used as indoor decorations.
In terms of the thickness of the bamboo sticks, bamboo woven products can be divided into thick stick weaving and fine stick weaving. Thick stick weaving (also named no porcelain tire bamboo weaving process) using thick bamboo strips, is usually used to make durable, study daily necessities: containers, furniture, like bamboo baskets, fruit boxes, door curtains, etc.. The craft and process are less delicate, emphasizing the simplicity and practicality of products. Fine stick weaving (also known as Woven Bamboo Wares with Porcelain Bodies Inside, Bamboo over Porcelain) lets fine sticks to mold themselves according to the porcelain body, wandering throughout or half of the ceramic containers, and all the joints are hidden as if sticks and porcelain are a natural match. The main function of Bamboo over Porcelain products is hot-proof, which can not only effectively solve the problem of non-insulation of ceramics, but also increase the beauty of ceramics (Huang Li, 2016). Its products mainly include: porcelain vases, bamboo tea sets, stationery.

Schools of Bamboo Weaving

On June 7, 2008, bamboo weaving was approved by the State Council to be included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. According to the search, 13 types of bamboo weaving have been entered into the national intangible cultural heritage list in various regions, distributed in 8 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government): Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan, Hunan, Guangxi, Fujian (Zhang Xiaokai, 2023). Regional characteristics and respective expertise give to the formation of a number of schools, such as the Qingshen Bamboo Weaving, Daoming Bamboo Weaving, Quxian Bamboo Weaving in Sichuan Province, Quanzhou Bamboo Weaving, western Fujian Bamboo Weaving in Fujian Province, Hunan Xiangxi bamboo Weaving, Shengzhou Bamboo Weaving, Dongyang bamboo Weaving in Zhejiang Province and so on, all of which are intangible cultural heritages of different grades.

Symbol of Bamboo Crafts

Bamboo weaving craft is a time-honored folk tradition that symbolizes happiness and well-being. In some traditional Chinese festivals and celebrations, people will use bamboo works for decoration and performance. For example, during the Lunar New Year, people will make all kinds of bamboo lanterns to celebrate and to pray for blessing. These bamboo works are not only colorful and splendid, but also symbolize people’s pursuit of happiness and good fortune.
The Artificers’ Record says that “The weather changes with the seasons, the land varies with the climate, the materials are good and bad, the craftsmen are skillful and clumsy, and by combining the benefits of these four aspects together one is able to make fine artifacts.” The region, the season the raw material comes from, the craftsmanship, and the production process ultimately determine whether a bamboo woven product is beautiful and useful. Traditional bamboo weaving, although not counted as the work of the Gods, but it is more reflective of the traditional Chinese concept of creation, “the unity of heaven and man”, which emphasizes the harmony of man and nature.

Terms and Expression

bamboo weaving 竹编

bamboo sticks 竹篾

warp and weft weaving 经纬编制法

thick stick weaving 粗丝编织

fine stick weaving 细丝编织

Woven Bamboo Wares with Porcelain Bodies Inside 瓷胎竹编工艺

Questions

1.What is the bamboo weaving production process? What are the main steps?

2. What are the categories of bamboo woven products?

3. What are some of the symbols of bamboo crafts?

Answers

1.It mainly has four steps: Processing bamboo sticks,Weaving, Finishing, Quality Checking and Packaging.

2.In terms of the form and structure of products, bamboo woven products can be divided into three-dimensional weaving and plane weaving. In terms of the thickness of the bamboo sticks, bamboo woven products can be divided into thick stick weaving and fine stick weaving.

3.It symbolizes happiness and well-being. Besides, it is more reflective of the traditional Chinese concept of creation, “the unity of heaven and man”, which emphasizes the harmony of man and nature.

References

[1]Muxing Gao, Xiaoxiao Cao. (2024). Cultural Echoes in Modern Design: Assessing Young Consumers’ Perceptions of Traditional Bamboo Weaving Patterns. Archeology. 2024(8) , 26–38.

[2]Cao Dong曹东. (2023) 道明竹编展示研究[Daoming Bamboo Weaving Presentation Research]. Beijing: Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture. 北京建筑大学.

[3]Huang Li黄丽. (2016). 竹编技艺的价值研究[Study on the Value of Bamboo Weaving Techniques]. 现代装饰(理论) Modern Decoration (Theory) 2016, (02): 158.

[4]Pu Liheng蒲骊衡. (2018). 非物质文化遗产传承的可持续性研究[Study on the Sustainability of the Intangible Cultural Heritage——In the case of Daoming Bamboo Craft in Western Sichuan]. Chongqing: Southwest University. 西南大学.

[5]Zhao Xiaokai张小开. (2023). 与竹造物[Chinese Bamboo Product]. Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Fine Arts Publishing House. 上海人民美术出版社.

AI Statement:

I hereby guarantee that I have not used the help of AI to write my final paper in this course.

竹编

曾蔓

摘要：

竹编是一种具有悠久历史和丰富文化内涵的传统手工艺，它主要使用竹子作为原材料，通过特定的编织技巧和工艺，制作出各种生活用品和装饰品，体现了深厚的文化底蕴和精湛的工艺技巧。本文介绍了竹编的发展历史、制作流程、类别、流派以及寓意。竹编制品是实用性和艺术欣赏的结合，它承载着重要的文化意义。如今，竹编已被列为国家级非物质文化遗产，成为传承和弘扬中华文化的重要载体。

竹编历史发展阶段

中国是世界上最早使用和加工竹子的国家之一，有五千多年的历史。早在石器时代，古人就已经采集竹子来编竹篮制作锤子供日常使用了（蒲骊衡，2018）
在殷商时代，竹藤的编织纹样丰富起来，编织技巧也越发成熟。
从湖北江陵，湖南常德等地出土的春秋时期竹编工具可以竹编技艺发展达到了一定的高度，陶器的印纹上出现了方格纹、米字纹、回纹、波纹等纹饰。
秦汉时期竹编技艺继续发展，除了生活用品的编织，竹编也开始应用于一些娱乐和祭祀用品。还出现了精美的竹编工艺品，如竹编屏风，竹编摆件等。
唐宋时期，竹编技艺在各地形成了不同的流派，如四川的胎瓷竹编在此时得到了较大的发展。竹编被巧手工匠们持续创新，开发并制成小玩具等。一些达官贵人往往会请制灯艺人创制精致的花灯。明清时期，竹编匠人大幅增加。到了明中后期，竹编已广泛运用于众多领域风格，编织精美，技艺娴熟。同时，竹编与其他工艺的结合也更加紧密，如与木雕、漆艺等（曹东，2023）。更加多样化，有的注重实用性，有的则强调艺术性。
进入21世纪以后，塑料制品、金属制品等逐渐取代了传统的竹编用品，竹编工艺渐渐失去市场竞争力而出现滑坡，其编织技艺成了“非物质文化遗产”。同时，人们对传统文化的重视和对手工艺品的喜爱，也为竹编技艺的传承和发展提供了新的机遇。也有不少竹编艺术家们仍在孜孜不倦的追求新的艺术，新的作品在缓缓冒尖。

竹编技艺流程

一件竹编从破篾到成品，一般要经过十几到三十几道工序。传统竹编的工艺通常有四个流程，分别是：
加工竹篾：通过破竹、劈蔑、刮青、分层、过剑门刀等工序，将竹子加工成薄而均匀的竹篾。
编织：编织是竹编工艺流程中最重要的环节，大体可分起底、编织和锁口三道工序。主要的编织方法有经纬编织法、人字编、十字编、牛角编（Gao Muxing, Cao Xiaoxiao, 2024），期间会根据需要选择适用的其他穿插方法，比如：插、锁、削、疏编、套、扎等，将竹篾编织成所需的形状和图案。
收尾：对编织好的作品进行修整、打磨、上漆、染色等处理，使其更加美观和耐用。
质检和包装：对完成的作品进行质量检查，确保符合要求后，进行包装和储存。

竹编制品类别

从编织物的形态和结构来看，竹编制品可以分为立体编织和平面编织。立体竹编作品具有三维立体形态，如篮子、容器、家具等，具有强烈的立体感和艺术感染力，如竹编雕塑可展现生动的人物、动物造型，竹编建筑模型则呈现出传统建筑的独特结构。平面竹编主要在二维平面上展开，如壁挂、屏风、垫子等，以其简洁明快的艺术风格独具魅力。主要通过经纬交织的方式，篾创造出各种图案和纹理。工匠们凭借精湛技艺，将竹篾有序编织，使作品呈现出丰富的画面效果。平面竹编作品常见的有竹编画和竹编挂毯等，可作为室内装饰品，为空间增添自然气息，同时也展现了传统竹编工艺在平面创作上的独特魅力和艺术价值。
从蔑条的粗细程度粗丝来看，竹编制品可以分为粗丝编织和细丝编织。粗丝编织（无瓷胎竹编工艺）使用较粗的蔑条进行编织，通常用于制作结实、粗犷的物品。工艺较为租犷，强调造型的简洁与实用性。粗丝竹编作品结实耐用，常被用于制作大型的竹编容器、家具，如竹篮、果盒、屏风、门帘、扇子等。其风格大气，充满自然韵味，既体现了竹材的原始之美。细丝编织（瓷胎竹编工艺）使用较细的蔑条进行编织，是一种精湛的竹编工艺。它选用精细如发丝的竹丝进行编织，通常用于制作精细、复杂的图案和结构。细丝竹编作品纹理清晰，质感轻，具有极高的艺术价值。常被用于制作瓷胎竹编、竹编字画等精美工艺品，展现了传统工艺的魅力与传承者的匠心独运（黄丽，2016）。产品主要有：瓷胎竹编花瓶、竹编茶具、咖啡具、酒具、文具、竹编平面画。

竹编流派

2008年6月7日，竹编经国务院批准列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。根据对国家非遗项目的检索，各地竹编现有13中进入国家级非物质文化遗产名录，分布在浙江、安徽、江西、重庆、四川、湖南、广西、福建8个省（自治区、直辖市）（张小开，2023）。竹编作为一种传统手工艺，在中国有丰富的地域特色和流派，如四川青神竹编、道明竹编、渠县竹编；福建泉州竹编、闽西竹编；湖南湘西竹编；浙江嵊州竹编、东阳竹编等都是不同等级的非物质文化遗产。

竹编工艺品的寓意

民俗传统，幸福安康。在中国的一些传统节日和庆典活动中，人们会使用竹编作品进行装饰和表演。例如，农历新年期间，人们会制作各种各样的竹编灯笼来庆祝节日的到来。这些竹编作品不仅彩光万丈，也寓意着人们对于幸福和吉祥的追求。
《考工记》提出“天有时，地有名，工有巧，才有美，和此四者然后才可为良。”瓷胎竹编的材料选择的时节、地域，传统竹编的制作工艺、制作水平最终决定了一件瓷胎竹编是否材美工巧。传统竹编虽然算不上鬼斧神工，但是却更能体现中国传统造物观念“天人合一”所强调的人与自然和谐统一的思想和文化内涵。

问题

1.竹编制作是什么流程？主要步骤有哪些？

2.竹编制品有哪些分类？

3.竹编制品的寓意是什么？

答案

1.一件竹编从破篾到成品，一般要经过十几到三十几道工序。传统竹编的工艺通常有四个流程，分别是：加工竹篾、编织、收尾、质检和包装。

2.从编织物的形态和结构来看，竹编制品可以分为立体编织和平面编织。从蔑条的粗细程度粗丝来看，竹编制品可以分为粗丝编织和细丝编织。

3.竹编寓意着人们对于幸福和吉祥的追求，期盼幸福安康。同时，它也体现出中国传统造物观念“天人合一”所强调的人与自然和谐统一的思想和文化内涵。

AI声明：本人在此承诺本文写作中未使用人工智能辅助。

User:Zeng Man

2024-12-31T03:20:24Z

Zeng Man:

User:Zeng Man

2024-12-31T03:13:36Z

Zeng Man:

我叫曾蔓，专业是英语笔译，来自湖北荆州。爱好是在游戏里种田，现实生活中不太喜欢，因为着实有点累。运动会偏好跑步，因为这项运动简单，边听歌边跑步最惬意啦。还有就是我没买保险，所以需要保持身体健康。感觉自己对中国文化了解也不是很深，希望上了您的课，能更好地学习本国的文化。

\= Nov 6, 2024 \=I learned how to say "I love you" in French. That's "Je t'aime".

\= Nov 7, 2024 \=I knew several French celebrites such as Charles de Gaulle, Honoré de Balzac and Sophie Marceau.

\= Nov 8, 2024 \=I learnt 13 French alphabets from A to M. It was different for me to pronunce G and J.

\= Nov 9, 2024 \=I didn't study French.

\= Nov 10, 2024 \=I reviewed these 13 alphabets. Then I continued to learn another 13 French alphabets from N to Z.

\= Nov 11, 2024 \=I learnt how to greet others. Some expressions were as follow: Bonjour,madame/monsieur. Bonjour à tous/vous.

\= Nov 12, 2024 \=I learnt 5 sons（phonèmes）：/a/, /ɛ/, /e/, /i/ ,/b/

\= Nov 13, 2024 \=I learnt some sentences about self-introduction. -Je suis Zeng Man. Et vous? -Moi, C'est Lucie.

\= Nov 14, 2024 \=I learnt 8 subject pronouns(pronoms sujets): je,tu,il, elle, nous,vous,ils, elles.

\= Nov 15, 2024 \=I reviewed yesterday's subject pronouns.

\= Nov 16, 2024 \=I didn't study French because I attened an academic meeting in Chongqing.

\= Nov 17, 2024 \=I didn't study French, either, because I traveled in Chongqing and saw cute pandas.

\= Nov 18, 2024 \=I learnt conjugasion（动词变位）and I thought it was very complex.je suis, tu es, il est, elle est, nous sommes, vous tes, ils sont, elles sont.

\= Nov 19, 2024 \=I reviewed what I had learnt yesterday.

\= Nov 20, 2024 \=I learnt to say good morning and good evening in French: Bonjour. Bonsoir. -Comment ça va？/Comment allez-vous？-Ça va bien./Je vais bien.

\= Nov 21, 2024 \=I learnt several vowels：/ø/, /œ/, /ə/ and also some consonants: /ʃ/, /dʒ/, /k/,/g/.

\= Nov 22, 2024 \=I learnt conversation about how to say goodbye. Au revoir.Salut.Bonne journée. À bientôt. À demain.

\= Nov 23, 2024 \=I have learned the French expressions for Monday through Sunday.

\= Nov 24, 2024 \=I learnt several vowels：/ɔ/, /ɒ/, /u/ and also some consonants: /h/, /s/, /z/,/ɾ/.

\= Nov 25, 2024 \=I learnt some expressions about apology and thanks(remercier et s'excuser):Merci. Merci beaucoup.Pardon.Excusez-moi.Ça va. / Ça va bien. Je vous en prie.

\= Nov 26, 2024 \=I didn't learn anything.

\= Nov 27, 2024 \=Review.

\= Nov 28, 2024 \=I learnt to count number 1-10 in French.

\= Nov 29, 2024 \=I followed the tape to read some sentences to practice my oral French. For example: Il pleut. Je veux des œufs.Il a lea yeux bleus.

\= Nov 30, 2024 \=I learned how to prouonuce "e" in French words. It has two main kinds: "e" is pronounced, and sometimes "e" is mute.

\= Dec.1, 2024 \=Practice the pronunciation rules for "e".

\= Dec.2, 2024 \=I learnt to count number 11-20 in French.

\= Dec.3, 2024 \=I reviewed these complicated numbers.

\= Dec.4, 2024 \=I learned some new words that were nouns could be used in the classroom.

\= Dec.5, 2024 \=I knew there is distinction between masculine and feminine nouns with the corresponding definite articles "un" and "une".

\= Dec.6, 2024 \= I learned a sentence pattern expression."Qu’est-ce que c’est ? " "C'est un cahier."

\= Dec.7, 2024 \=I had a rest.

\= Dec.8, 2024 \=I learned its plural form: "Qu’est-ce que sont ces choses ?" "Ce sont des stylos."

\= Dec.9, 2024 \=I learned the interrogative form of this sentence pattern. "Est-ce que c’est un livre? " "Oui, c'est un livre." "Non, c'est un dictionnaire."

\= Dec.10, 2024 \=I read some sentences to practice the intonation about declarative and interrogative sentences.

\= Dec.11, 2024 \=Review

\= Dec.12, 2024 \=I learnt some abbreviations about French organizatoins: AFP (Agence France-Presse), ONU(Organisation des Nations Unies) JO(Jeux Olympiques) and so on.

\= Dec.13, 2024 \=I learnt some new words to start a conversation.

\= Dec.14, 2024 \=Today, I learned about the masculine and feminine genders of French nouns.

\= Dec.15, 2024 \=Today, I learned how to ask about someone's nationality in French. "Tu es …?" "Je viens de…""Je suis…"

\= Dec.16, 2024 \=Today, I learned how to ask about someone's profession in French.

\= Dec.17, 2024 \=Had a rest.

\= Dec.18, 2024 \=I learned the verb conjugations, like "aimer", "parler", "aller".

\= Dec.19, 2024 \=I learned more verb conjugations, like "venir", “être” “êtudier”.

\= Dec.20, 2024 \=

Bamboo Weaving

Zeng Man

Abstract: Bamboo weaving is a traditional handicraft with a long history and rich cultural connotations. Primarily using bamboo as the raw material, it employs specific weaving techniques and craftsmanship to create a variety of household items and decorative objects, reflecting profound culture and exquisite artistry. This article introduces the development history, production process, categories, schools, and symbolic meanings of bamboo weaving. Bamboo products are a combination of practicality and artistic appreciation, carrying significant cultural meaning. Today, bamboo weaving has been listed as a national intangible cultural heritage, becoming an important carrier for the inheritance and promotion of Chinese culture.

Historical Development of Bamboo Weaving

China was one of the first countries in the world to utilize and process bamboo, with a history dating back more than 5,000 years. During the Neolithic Age, people began to collect bamboo and make baskets and hampers for daily use (Pu Liheng, 2018). During the Yin and Shang Dynasties, bamboo weaving patterns became more diverse and weaving techniques were refined. From the bamboo woven utensils unearthed in Jiangling, Hubei Province, Changde, Hunan Province and other places, it can be seen that the bamboo weaving skills during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods already had a high level. Bamboo weaving skills continued to promote during the Qin and Han Dynasties, in addition to production of domestic goods, there were also some entertainment and ritual objects. Exquisite bamboo crafts, such as bamboo folding screen, bamboo ornaments appeared on the stage. During the Tang and Song dynasties, bamboo weaving was continuously innovated by skillful craftsmen, created delicate toys and so on. Some dignitaries would invite lantern craftsmen to create exquisite lanterns, including dragon lanterns and festive lanterns, some of which used bamboo weaving techniques. Bamboo weaving craftsmen increased in the Ming and Qing Dynasties; to the mid-Ming Dynasty, the application of bamboo weaving covered many fields with more sophisticated weaving skills. Besides, lots of daily necessities began to the combination of bamboo weaving and lacquer ware (Cao Dong, 2023). Bamboo weaving style was more diversified, some focus on practicality, while others emphasize artistry. At the same time, the combination of bamboo weaving and other crafts was also closer, such as with wood carving and lacquer. Entering the 21st century, plastic products and metal products gradually replaced the traditional bamboo weaving products, so the bamboo weaving craft gradually lost its market competitiveness and became less popular, and its weaving skills became “intangible cultural heritage”. However, people’s affection for traditional culture and love for handicrafts has also provided new opportunities for the inheritance and development of bamboo weaving skills. Many bamboo weaving artists are still tirelessly pursuing new art, and new works are emerging.

Process of Bamboo Woven Products

A piece of bamboo woven product usually goes through more than ten to thirty processes from raw materials to finished products. There are usually four main processes in traditional bamboo woven products, which are as follows:
Processing bamboo sticks: bamboo is broken into thin and even sticks by breaking, splitting, scraping the top layer of green, layering, and passing through the knife gate. (A special tool consisting of two identical knives, where bamboo sticks are placed in the gap between the two knives and pulled so that bamboo sticks pass through the knives, adjusting their width and thickness, ensuring that sticks are even and consistent.)
Weaving: Weaving is the most important part of the bamboo weaving process, which can be roughly divided into three processes: starting the base, weaving and finishing the edges. In bamboo weaving, common weaving techniques prioritize functionality and encompass methods like “warp and weft weaving”, “herringbone weave”, “cross weave”, “hexagonal weave”(Muxing Gao, Xiaoxiao Cao, 2024)， during which other methods may be used according to the needs, such as: insertion, locking, cutting, sparse weaving and so on. By applying these weaving methods, bamboo sticks are made into the desired shapes and patterns.
Finishing: Trimming, polishing, lacquering and coloring the finished work to make it more beautiful and durable.
Quality Checking and Packaging: Quality checking of the finished work to ensure that it meets the requirements before packaging and storing.

Categories of Bamboo Woven Products

In terms of the form and structure of products, bamboo woven products can be divided into three-dimensional weaving and plane weaving. The formal ones have three-dimensional forms, such as baskets, containers, furniture, etc., with a strong sense of stereo perception and artistic appeal, such as bamboo sculpture can show vivid shapes of human characters or animals, and bamboo architectural models present the unique structure of traditional architecture. Plane bamboo weaving is mainly unfolded on the two-dimensional plane, such as wall hangings, folding screens etc., which is unique and charming with its simple and clear artistic style. Various patterns and textures are created mainly through the method of warp and weft weaving. Plane bamboo weaving products are commonly found in bamboo weaving paintings and tapestries, etc., which can be used as indoor decorations.
In terms of the thickness of the bamboo sticks, bamboo woven products can be divided into thick stick weaving and fine stick weaving. Thick stick weaving (also named no porcelain tire bamboo weaving process) using thick bamboo strips, is usually used to make durable, study daily necessities: containers, furniture, like bamboo baskets, fruit boxes, door curtains, etc.. The craft and process are less delicate, emphasizing the simplicity and practicality of products. Fine stick weaving (also known as Woven Bamboo Wares with Porcelain Bodies Inside, Bamboo over Porcelain) lets fine sticks to mold themselves according to the porcelain body, wandering throughout or half of the ceramic containers, and all the joints are hidden as if sticks and porcelain are a natural match. The main function of Bamboo over Porcelain products is hot-proof, which can not only effectively solve the problem of non-insulation of ceramics, but also increase the beauty of ceramics (Huang Li, 2016). Its products mainly include: porcelain vases, bamboo tea sets, stationery.

Schools of Bamboo Weaving

On June 7, 2008, bamboo weaving was approved by the State Council to be included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. According to the search, 13 types of bamboo weaving have been entered into the national intangible cultural heritage list in various regions, distributed in 8 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government): Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan, Hunan, Guangxi, Fujian (Zhang Xiaokai, 2023). Regional characteristics and respective expertise give to the formation of a number of schools, such as the Qingshen Bamboo Weaving, Daoming Bamboo Weaving, Quxian Bamboo Weaving in Sichuan Province, Quanzhou Bamboo Weaving, western Fujian Bamboo Weaving in Fujian Province, Hunan Xiangxi bamboo Weaving, Shengzhou Bamboo Weaving, Dongyang bamboo Weaving in Zhejiang Province and so on, all of which are intangible cultural heritages of different grades.

Symbol of Bamboo Crafts

Bamboo weaving craft is a time-honored folk tradition that symbolizes happiness and well-being. In some traditional Chinese festivals and celebrations, people will use bamboo works for decoration and performance. For example, during the Lunar New Year, people will make all kinds of bamboo lanterns to celebrate and to pray for blessing. These bamboo works are not only colorful and splendid, but also symbolize people’s pursuit of happiness and good fortune.
The Artificers’ Record says that “The weather changes with the seasons, the land varies with the climate, the materials are good and bad, the craftsmen are skillful and clumsy, and by combining the benefits of these four aspects together one is able to make fine artifacts.” The region, the season the raw material comes from, the craftsmanship, and the production process ultimately determine whether a bamboo woven product is beautiful and useful. Traditional bamboo weaving, although not counted as the work of the Gods, but it is more reflective of the traditional Chinese concept of creation, “the unity of heaven and man”, which emphasizes the harmony of man and nature.

Terms and Expression

bamboo weaving 竹编

bamboo sticks 竹篾

warp and weft weaving 经纬编制法

thick stick weaving 粗丝编织

fine stick weaving 细丝编织

Woven Bamboo Wares with Porcelain Bodies Inside 瓷胎竹编工艺

Questions

1.What is the bamboo weaving production process? What are the main steps?

2. What are the categories of bamboo woven products?

3. What are some of the symbols of bamboo crafts?

Answers

1.It mainly has four steps: Processing bamboo sticks,Weaving, Finishing, Quality Checking and Packaging.

2.In terms of the form and structure of products, bamboo woven products can be divided into three-dimensional weaving and plane weaving. In terms of the thickness of the bamboo sticks, bamboo woven products can be divided into thick stick weaving and fine stick weaving.

3.It symbolizes happiness and well-being. Besides, it is more reflective of the traditional Chinese concept of creation, “the unity of heaven and man”, which emphasizes the harmony of man and nature.

References

[1]Muxing Gao, Xiaoxiao Cao. (2024). Cultural Echoes in Modern Design: Assessing Young Consumers’ Perceptions of Traditional Bamboo Weaving Patterns. Archeology. 2024(8) , 26–38.

[2]Cao Dong曹东. (2023) 道明竹编展示研究[Daoming Bamboo Weaving Presentation Research]. Beijing: Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture. 北京建筑大学.

[3]Huang Li黄丽. (2016). 竹编技艺的价值研究[Study on the Value of Bamboo Weaving Techniques]. 现代装饰(理论) Modern Decoration (Theory) 2016, (02): 158.

[4]Pu Liheng蒲骊衡. (2018). 非物质文化遗产传承的可持续性研究[Study on the Sustainability of the Intangible Cultural Heritage——In the case of Daoming Bamboo Craft in Western Sichuan]. Chongqing: Southwest University. 西南大学.

[5]Zhao Xiaokai张小开. (2023). 与竹造物[Chinese Bamboo Product]. Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Fine Arts Publishing House. 上海人民美术出版社.

竹编

曾蔓

摘要：竹编是一种具有悠久历史和丰富文化内涵的传统手工艺，它主要使用竹子作为原材料，通过特定的编织技巧和工艺，制作出各种生活用品和装饰品，体现了深厚的文化底蕴和精湛的工艺技巧。本文介绍了竹编的发展历史、制作流程、类别、流派以及寓意。竹编制品是实用性和艺术欣赏的结合，它承载着重要的文化意义。如今，竹编已被列为国家级非物质文化遗产，成为传承和弘扬中华文化的重要载体。

竹编历史发展阶段

中国是世界上最早使用和加工竹子的国家之一，有五千多年的历史。早在石器时代，古人就已经采集竹子来编竹篮制作锤子供日常使用了（蒲骊衡，2018）
在殷商时代，竹藤的编织纹样丰富起来，编织技巧也越发成熟。
从湖北江陵，湖南常德等地出土的春秋时期竹编工具可以竹编技艺发展达到了一定的高度，陶器的印纹上出现了方格纹、米字纹、回纹、波纹等纹饰。
秦汉时期竹编技艺继续发展，除了生活用品的编织，竹编也开始应用于一些娱乐和祭祀用品。还出现了精美的竹编工艺品，如竹编屏风，竹编摆件等。
唐宋时期，竹编技艺在各地形成了不同的流派，如四川的胎瓷竹编在此时得到了较大的发展。竹编被巧手工匠们持续创新，开发并制成小玩具等。一些达官贵人往往会请制灯艺人创制精致的花灯。明清时期，竹编匠人大幅增加。到了明中后期，竹编已广泛运用于众多领域风格，编织精美，技艺娴熟。同时，竹编与其他工艺的结合也更加紧密，如与木雕、漆艺等（曹东，2023）。更加多样化，有的注重实用性，有的则强调艺术性。
进入21世纪以后，塑料制品、金属制品等逐渐取代了传统的竹编用品，竹编工艺渐渐失去市场竞争力而出现滑坡，其编织技艺成了“非物质文化遗产”。同时，人们对传统文化的重视和对手工艺品的喜爱，也为竹编技艺的传承和发展提供了新的机遇。也有不少竹编艺术家们仍在孜孜不倦的追求新的艺术，新的作品在缓缓冒尖。

竹编技艺流程

一件竹编从破篾到成品，一般要经过十几到三十几道工序。传统竹编的工艺通常有四个流程，分别是：
加工竹篾：通过破竹、劈蔑、刮青、分层、过剑门刀等工序，将竹子加工成薄而均匀的竹篾。
编织：编织是竹编工艺流程中最重要的环节，大体可分起底、编织和锁口三道工序。主要的编织方法有经纬编织法、人字编、十字编、牛角编（Gao Muxing, Cao Xiaoxiao, 2024），期间会根据需要选择适用的其他穿插方法，比如：插、锁、削、疏编、套、扎等，将竹篾编织成所需的形状和图案。
收尾：对编织好的作品进行修整、打磨、上漆、染色等处理，使其更加美观和耐用。
质检和包装：对完成的作品进行质量检查，确保符合要求后，进行包装和储存。

竹编制品类别

从编织物的形态和结构来看，竹编制品可以分为立体编织和平面编织。立体竹编作品具有三维立体形态，如篮子、容器、家具等，具有强烈的立体感和艺术感染力，如竹编雕塑可展现生动的人物、动物造型，竹编建筑模型则呈现出传统建筑的独特结构。平面竹编主要在二维平面上展开，如壁挂、屏风、垫子等，以其简洁明快的艺术风格独具魅力。主要通过经纬交织的方式，篾创造出各种图案和纹理。工匠们凭借精湛技艺，将竹篾有序编织，使作品呈现出丰富的画面效果。平面竹编作品常见的有竹编画和竹编挂毯等，可作为室内装饰品，为空间增添自然气息，同时也展现了传统竹编工艺在平面创作上的独特魅力和艺术价值。
从蔑条的粗细程度粗丝来看，竹编制品可以分为粗丝编织和细丝编织。粗丝编织（无瓷胎竹编工艺）使用较粗的蔑条进行编织，通常用于制作结实、粗犷的物品。工艺较为租犷，强调造型的简洁与实用性。粗丝竹编作品结实耐用，常被用于制作大型的竹编容器、家具，如竹篮、果盒、屏风、门帘、扇子等。其风格大气，充满自然韵味，既体现了竹材的原始之美。细丝编织（瓷胎竹编工艺）使用较细的蔑条进行编织，是一种精湛的竹编工艺。它选用精细如发丝的竹丝进行编织，通常用于制作精细、复杂的图案和结构。细丝竹编作品纹理清晰，质感轻，具有极高的艺术价值。常被用于制作瓷胎竹编、竹编字画等精美工艺品，展现了传统工艺的魅力与传承者的匠心独运（黄丽，2016）。产品主要有：瓷胎竹编花瓶、竹编茶具、咖啡具、酒具、文具、竹编平面画。

竹编流派

2008年6月7日，竹编经国务院批准列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。根据对国家非遗项目的检索，各地竹编现有13中进入国家级非物质文化遗产名录，分布在浙江、安徽、江西、重庆、四川、湖南、广西、福建8个省（自治区、直辖市）（张小开，2023）。竹编作为一种传统手工艺，在中国有丰富的地域特色和流派，如四川青神竹编、道明竹编、渠县竹编；福建泉州竹编、闽西竹编；湖南湘西竹编；浙江嵊州竹编、东阳竹编等都是不同等级的非物质文化遗产。

竹编工艺品的寓意

民俗传统，幸福安康。在中国的一些传统节日和庆典活动中，人们会使用竹编作品进行装饰和表演。例如，农历新年期间，人们会制作各种各样的竹编灯笼来庆祝节日的到来。这些竹编作品不仅彩光万丈，也寓意着人们对于幸福和吉祥的追求。
《考工记》提出“天有时，地有名，工有巧，才有美，和此四者然后才可为良。”瓷胎竹编的材料选择的时节、地域，传统竹编的制作工艺、制作水平最终决定了一件瓷胎竹编是否材美工巧。传统竹编虽然算不上鬼斧神工，但是却更能体现中国传统造物观念“天人合一”所强调的人与自然和谐统一的思想和文化内涵。

问题

1.竹编制作是什么流程？主要步骤有哪些？

2.竹编制品有哪些分类？

3.竹编制品的寓意是什么？

答案

1.一件竹编从破篾到成品，一般要经过十几到三十几道工序。传统竹编的工艺通常有四个流程，分别是：加工竹篾、编织、收尾、质检和包装。

2.从编织物的形态和结构来看，竹编制品可以分为立体编织和平面编织。从蔑条的粗细程度粗丝来看，竹编制品可以分为粗丝编织和细丝编织。

3.竹编寓意着人们对于幸福和吉祥的追求，期盼幸福安康。同时，它也体现出中国传统造物观念“天人合一”所强调的人与自然和谐统一的思想和文化内涵。

User:Zeng Man

2024-12-31T03:09:39Z

Zeng Man:

我叫曾蔓，专业是英语笔译，来自湖北荆州。爱好是在游戏里种田，现实生活中不太喜欢，因为着实有点累。运动会偏好跑步，因为这项运动简单，边听歌边跑步最惬意啦。还有就是我没买保险，所以需要保持身体健康。感觉自己对中国文化了解也不是很深，希望上了您的课，能更好地学习本国的文化。

\= Nov 6, 2024 \=I learned how to say "I love you" in French. That's "Je t'aime".

\= Nov 7, 2024 \=I knew several French celebrites such as Charles de Gaulle, Honoré de Balzac and Sophie Marceau.

\= Nov 8, 2024 \=I learnt 13 French alphabets from A to M. It was different for me to pronunce G and J.

\= Nov 9, 2024 \=I didn't study French.

\= Nov 10, 2024 \=I reviewed these 13 alphabets. Then I continued to learn another 13 French alphabets from N to Z.

\= Nov 11, 2024 \=I learnt how to greet others. Some expressions were as follow: Bonjour,madame/monsieur. Bonjour à tous/vous.

\= Nov 12, 2024 \=I learnt 5 sons（phonèmes）：/a/, /ɛ/, /e/, /i/ ,/b/

\= Nov 13, 2024 \=I learnt some sentences about self-introduction. -Je suis Zeng Man. Et vous? -Moi, C'est Lucie.

\= Nov 14, 2024 \=I learnt 8 subject pronouns(pronoms sujets): je,tu,il, elle, nous,vous,ils, elles.

\= Nov 15, 2024 \=I reviewed yesterday's subject pronouns.

\= Nov 16, 2024 \=I didn't study French because I attened an academic meeting in Chongqing.

\= Nov 17, 2024 \=I didn't study French, either, because I traveled in Chongqing and saw cute pandas.

\= Nov 18, 2024 \=I learnt conjugasion（动词变位）and I thought it was very complex.je suis, tu es, il est, elle est, nous sommes, vous tes, ils sont, elles sont.

\= Nov 19, 2024 \=I reviewed what I had learnt yesterday.

\= Nov 20, 2024 \=I learnt to say good morning and good evening in French: Bonjour. Bonsoir. -Comment ça va？/Comment allez-vous？-Ça va bien./Je vais bien.

\= Nov 21, 2024 \=I learnt several vowels：/ø/, /œ/, /ə/ and also some consonants: /ʃ/, /dʒ/, /k/,/g/.

\= Nov 22, 2024 \=I learnt conversation about how to say goodbye. Au revoir.Salut.Bonne journée. À bientôt. À demain.

\= Nov 23, 2024 \=I have learned the French expressions for Monday through Sunday.

\= Nov 24, 2024 \=I learnt several vowels：/ɔ/, /ɒ/, /u/ and also some consonants: /h/, /s/, /z/,/ɾ/.

\= Nov 25, 2024 \=I learnt some expressions about apology and thanks(remercier et s'excuser):Merci. Merci beaucoup.Pardon.Excusez-moi.Ça va. / Ça va bien. Je vous en prie.

\= Nov 26, 2024 \=I didn't learn anything.

\= Nov 27, 2024 \=Review.

\= Nov 28, 2024 \=I learnt to count number 1-10 in French.

\= Nov 29, 2024 \=I followed the tape to read some sentences to practice my oral French. For example: Il pleut. Je veux des œufs.Il a lea yeux bleus.

\= Nov 30, 2024 \=I learned how to prouonuce "e" in French words. It has two main kinds: "e" is pronounced, and sometimes "e" is mute.

\= Dec.1, 2024 \=Practice the pronunciation rules for "e".

\= Dec.2, 2024 \=I learnt to count number 11-20 in French.

\= Dec.3, 2024 \=I reviewed these complicated numbers.

\= Dec.4, 2024 \=I learned some new words that were nouns could be used in the classroom.

\= Dec.5, 2024 \=I knew there is distinction between masculine and feminine nouns with the corresponding definite articles "un" and "une".

\= Dec.6, 2024 \= I learned a sentence pattern expression."Qu’est-ce que c’est ? " "C'est un cahier."

\= Dec.7, 2024 \=I had a rest.

\= Dec.8, 2024 \=I learned its plural form: "Qu’est-ce que sont ces choses ?" "Ce sont des stylos."

\= Dec.9, 2024 \=I learned the interrogative form of this sentence pattern. "Est-ce que c’est un livre? " "Oui, c'est un livre." "Non, c'est un dictionnaire."

\= Dec.10, 2024 \=I read some sentences to practice the intonation about declarative and interrogative sentences.

\= Dec.11, 2024 \=Review

\= Dec.12, 2024 \=I learnt some abbreviations about French organizatoins: AFP (Agence France-Presse), ONU(Organisation des Nations Unies) JO(Jeux Olympiques) and so on.

\= Dec.13, 2024 \=I learnt some new words to start a conversation.

\= Dec.14, 2024 \=Today, I learned about the masculine and feminine genders of French nouns.

\= Dec.15, 2024 \=Today, I learned how to ask about someone's nationality in French. "Tu es …?" "Je viens de…""Je suis…"

\= Dec.16, 2024 \=Today, I learned how to ask about someone's profession in French.

\= Dec.17, 2024 \=Had a rest.

\= Dec.18, 2024 \=I learned the verb conjugations, like "aimer", "parler", "aller".

\= Dec.19, 2024 \=I learned more verb conjugations, like "venir", “être” “êtudier”.

\= Dec.20, 2024 \=

Bamboo Weaving

Zeng Man

Abstract: Bamboo weaving is a traditional handicraft with a long history and rich cultural connotations. Primarily using bamboo as the raw material, it employs specific weaving techniques and craftsmanship to create a variety of household items and decorative objects, reflecting profound culture and exquisite artistry. This article introduces the development history, production process, categories, schools, and symbolic meanings of bamboo weaving. Bamboo products are a combination of practicality and artistic appreciation, carrying significant cultural meaning. Today, bamboo weaving has been listed as a national intangible cultural heritage, becoming an important carrier for the inheritance and promotion of Chinese culture.

Historical Development of Bamboo Weaving

China was one of the first countries in the world to utilize and process bamboo, with a history dating back more than 5,000 years. During the Neolithic Age, people began to collect bamboo and make baskets and hampers for daily use (Pu Liheng, 2018). During the Yin and Shang Dynasties, bamboo weaving patterns became more diverse and weaving techniques were refined. From the bamboo woven utensils unearthed in Jiangling, Hubei Province, Changde, Hunan Province and other places, it can be seen that the bamboo weaving skills during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods already had a high level. Bamboo weaving skills continued to promote during the Qin and Han Dynasties, in addition to production of domestic goods, there were also some entertainment and ritual objects. Exquisite bamboo crafts, such as bamboo folding screen, bamboo ornaments appeared on the stage. During the Tang and Song dynasties, bamboo weaving was continuously innovated by skillful craftsmen, created delicate toys and so on. Some dignitaries would invite lantern craftsmen to create exquisite lanterns, including dragon lanterns and festive lanterns, some of which used bamboo weaving techniques. Bamboo weaving craftsmen increased in the Ming and Qing Dynasties; to the mid-Ming Dynasty, the application of bamboo weaving covered many fields with more sophisticated weaving skills. Besides, lots of daily necessities began to the combination of bamboo weaving and lacquer ware (Cao Dong, 2023). Bamboo weaving style was more diversified, some focus on practicality, while others emphasize artistry. At the same time, the combination of bamboo weaving and other crafts was also closer, such as with wood carving and lacquer. Entering the 21st century, plastic products and metal products gradually replaced the traditional bamboo weaving products, so the bamboo weaving craft gradually lost its market competitiveness and became less popular, and its weaving skills became “intangible cultural heritage”. However, people’s affection for traditional culture and love for handicrafts has also provided new opportunities for the inheritance and development of bamboo weaving skills. Many bamboo weaving artists are still tirelessly pursuing new art, and new works are emerging.

Process of Bamboo Woven Products

A piece of bamboo woven product usually goes through more than ten to thirty processes from raw materials to finished products. There are usually four main processes in traditional bamboo woven products, which are as follows:
Processing bamboo sticks: bamboo is broken into thin and even sticks by breaking, splitting, scraping the top layer of green, layering, and passing through the knife gate. (A special tool consisting of two identical knives, where bamboo sticks are placed in the gap between the two knives and pulled so that bamboo sticks pass through the knives, adjusting their width and thickness, ensuring that sticks are even and consistent.)
Weaving: Weaving is the most important part of the bamboo weaving process, which can be roughly divided into three processes: starting the base, weaving and finishing the edges. In bamboo weaving, common weaving techniques prioritize functionality and encompass methods like “warp and weft weaving”, “herringbone weave”, “cross weave”, “hexagonal weave”(Muxing Gao, Xiaoxiao Cao, 2024)， during which other methods may be used according to the needs, such as: insertion, locking, cutting, sparse weaving and so on. By applying these weaving methods, bamboo sticks are made into the desired shapes and patterns.
Finishing: Trimming, polishing, lacquering and coloring the finished work to make it more beautiful and durable.
Quality Checking and Packaging: Quality checking of the finished work to ensure that it meets the requirements before packaging and storing.

Categories of Bamboo Woven Products

In terms of the form and structure of products, bamboo woven products can be divided into three-dimensional weaving and plane weaving. The formal ones have three-dimensional forms, such as baskets, containers, furniture, etc., with a strong sense of stereo perception and artistic appeal, such as bamboo sculpture can show vivid shapes of human characters or animals, and bamboo architectural models present the unique structure of traditional architecture. Plane bamboo weaving is mainly unfolded on the two-dimensional plane, such as wall hangings, folding screens etc., which is unique and charming with its simple and clear artistic style. Various patterns and textures are created mainly through the method of warp and weft weaving. Plane bamboo weaving products are commonly found in bamboo weaving paintings and tapestries, etc., which can be used as indoor decorations.
In terms of the thickness of the bamboo sticks, bamboo woven products can be divided into thick stick weaving and fine stick weaving. Thick stick weaving (also named no porcelain tire bamboo weaving process) using thick bamboo strips, is usually used to make durable, study daily necessities: containers, furniture, like bamboo baskets, fruit boxes, door curtains, etc.. The craft and process are less delicate, emphasizing the simplicity and practicality of products. Fine stick weaving (also known as Woven Bamboo Wares with Porcelain Bodies Inside, Bamboo over Porcelain) lets fine sticks to mold themselves according to the porcelain body, wandering throughout or half of the ceramic containers, and all the joints are hidden as if sticks and porcelain are a natural match. The main function of Bamboo over Porcelain products is hot-proof, which can not only effectively solve the problem of non-insulation of ceramics, but also increase the beauty of ceramics (Huang Li, 2016). Its products mainly include: porcelain vases, bamboo tea sets, stationery.

Schools of Bamboo Weaving

On June 7, 2008, bamboo weaving was approved by the State Council to be included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. According to the search, 13 types of bamboo weaving have been entered into the national intangible cultural heritage list in various regions, distributed in 8 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government): Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan, Hunan, Guangxi, Fujian (Zhang Xiaokai, 2023). Regional characteristics and respective expertise give to the formation of a number of schools, such as the Qingshen Bamboo Weaving, Daoming Bamboo Weaving, Quxian Bamboo Weaving in Sichuan Province, Quanzhou Bamboo Weaving, western Fujian Bamboo Weaving in Fujian Province, Hunan Xiangxi bamboo Weaving, Shengzhou Bamboo Weaving, Dongyang bamboo Weaving in Zhejiang Province and so on, all of which are intangible cultural heritages of different grades.

Symbol of Bamboo Crafts

Bamboo weaving craft is a time-honored folk tradition that symbolizes happiness and well-being. In some traditional Chinese festivals and celebrations, people will use bamboo works for decoration and performance. For example, during the Lunar New Year, people will make all kinds of bamboo lanterns to celebrate and to pray for blessing. These bamboo works are not only colorful and splendid, but also symbolize people’s pursuit of happiness and good fortune.
The Artificers’ Record says that “The weather changes with the seasons, the land varies with the climate, the materials are good and bad, the craftsmen are skillful and clumsy, and by combining the benefits of these four aspects together one is able to make fine artifacts.” The region, the season the raw material comes from, the craftsmanship, and the production process ultimately determine whether a bamboo woven product is beautiful and useful. Traditional bamboo weaving, although not counted as the work of the Gods, but it is more reflective of the traditional Chinese concept of creation, “the unity of heaven and man”, which emphasizes the harmony of man and nature.

Terms and Expression

bamboo weaving 竹编

bamboo sticks 竹篾

warp and weft weaving 经纬编制法

thick stick weaving 粗丝编织

fine stick weaving 细丝编织

Woven Bamboo Wares with Porcelain Bodies Inside 瓷胎竹编工艺

Questions

1.What is the bamboo weaving production process? What are the main steps?

2. What are the categories of bamboo woven products?

3. What are some of the symbols of bamboo crafts?

Answers

1.It mainly has four steps: Processing bamboo sticks,Weaving, Finishing, Quality Checking and Packaging.

2.In terms of the form and structure of products, bamboo woven products can be divided into three-dimensional weaving and plane weaving. In terms of the thickness of the bamboo sticks, bamboo woven products can be divided into thick stick weaving and fine stick weaving.

3.It symbolizes happiness and well-being. Besides, it is more reflective of the traditional Chinese concept of creation, “the unity of heaven and man”, which emphasizes the harmony of man and nature.

References

Muxing Gao, Xiaoxiao Cao. (2024). Cultural Echoes in Modern Design: Assessing Young Consumers’ Perceptions of Traditional Bamboo Weaving Patterns. Archeology. 2024(8) , 26–38.

Cao Dong曹东. (2023) 道明竹编展示研究[Daoming Bamboo Weaving Presentation Research]. Beijing: Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture. 北京建筑大学.

Huang Li黄丽. (2016). 竹编技艺的价值研究[Study on the Value of Bamboo Weaving Techniques]. 现代装饰(理论) Modern Decoration (Theory) 2016, (02): 158.

Pu Liheng蒲骊衡. (2018). 非物质文化遗产传承的可持续性研究[Study on the Sustainability of the Intangible Cultural Heritage——In the case of Daoming Bamboo Craft in Western Sichuan]. Chongqing: Southwest University. 西南大学.

Zhao Xiaokai张小开. (2023). 与竹造物[Chinese Bamboo Product]. Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Fine Arts Publishing House. 上海人民美术出版社.

竹编

曾蔓

摘要：竹编是一种具有悠久历史和丰富文化内涵的传统手工艺，它主要使用竹子作为原材料，通过特定的编织技巧和工艺，制作出各种生活用品和装饰品，体现了深厚的文化底蕴和精湛的工艺技巧。本文介绍了竹编的发展历史、制作流程、类别、流派以及寓意。竹编制品是实用性和艺术欣赏的结合，它承载着重要的文化意义。如今，竹编已被列为国家级非物质文化遗产，成为传承和弘扬中华文化的重要载体。

竹编历史发展阶段

中国是世界上最早使用和加工竹子的国家之一，有五千多年的历史。早在石器时代，古人就已经采集竹子来编竹篮制作锤子供日常使用了（蒲骊衡，2018）
在殷商时代，竹藤的编织纹样丰富起来，编织技巧也越发成熟。

从湖北江陵，湖南常德等地出土的春秋时期竹编工具可以竹编技艺发展达到了一定的高度，陶器的印纹上出现了方格纹、米字纹、回纹、波纹等纹饰。
秦汉时期竹编技艺继续发展，除了生活用品的编织，竹编也开始应用于一些娱乐和祭祀用品。还出现了精美的竹编工艺品，如竹编屏风，竹编摆件等。
唐宋时期，竹编技艺在各地形成了不同的流派，如四川的胎瓷竹编在此时得到了较大的发展。竹编被巧手工匠们持续创新，开发并制成小玩具等。一些达官贵人往往会请制灯艺人创制精致的花灯。明清时期，竹编匠人大幅增加。到了明中后期，竹编已广泛运用于众多领域风格，编织精美，技艺娴熟。同时，竹编与其他工艺的结合也更加紧密，如与木雕、漆艺等（曹东，2023）。更加多样化，有的注重实用性，有的则强调艺术性。
进入21世纪以后，塑料制品、金属制品等逐渐取代了传统的竹编用品，竹编工艺渐渐失去市场竞争力而出现滑坡，其编织技艺成了“非物质文化遗产”。同时，人们对传统文化的重视和对手工艺品的喜爱，也为竹编技艺的传承和发展提供了新的机遇。也有不少竹编艺术家们仍在孜孜不倦的追求新的艺术，新的作品在缓缓冒尖。

竹编技艺流程

一件竹编从破篾到成品，一般要经过十几到三十几道工序。传统竹编的工艺通常有四个流程，分别是：
加工竹篾：通过破竹、劈蔑、刮青、分层、过剑门刀等工序，将竹子加工成薄而均匀的竹篾。
编织：编织是竹编工艺流程中最重要的环节，大体可分起底、编织和锁口三道工序。主要的编织方法有经纬编织法、人字编、十字编、牛角编（Gao Muxing, Cao Xiaoxiao, 2024），期间会根据需要选择适用的其他穿插方法，比如：插、锁、削、疏编、套、扎等，将竹篾编织成所需的形状和图案。
收尾：对编织好的作品进行修整、打磨、上漆、染色等处理，使其更加美观和耐用。
质检和包装：对完成的作品进行质量检查，确保符合要求后，进行包装和储存。

竹编制品类别

从编织物的形态和结构来看，竹编制品可以分为立体编织和平面编织。立体竹编作品具有三维立体形态，如篮子、容器、家具等，具有强烈的立体感和艺术感染力，如竹编雕塑可展现生动的人物、动物造型，竹编建筑模型则呈现出传统建筑的独特结构。平面竹编主要在二维平面上展开，如壁挂、屏风、垫子等，以其简洁明快的艺术风格独具魅力。主要通过经纬交织的方式，篾创造出各种图案和纹理。工匠们凭借精湛技艺，将竹篾有序编织，使作品呈现出丰富的画面效果。平面竹编作品常见的有竹编画和竹编挂毯等，可作为室内装饰品，为空间增添自然气息，同时也展现了传统竹编工艺在平面创作上的独特魅力和艺术价值。
从蔑条的粗细程度粗丝来看，竹编制品可以分为粗丝编织和细丝编织。粗丝编织（无瓷胎竹编工艺）使用较粗的蔑条进行编织，通常用于制作结实、粗犷的物品。工艺较为租犷，强调造型的简洁与实用性。粗丝竹编作品结实耐用，常被用于制作大型的竹编容器、家具，如竹篮、果盒、屏风、门帘、扇子等。其风格大气，充满自然韵味，既体现了竹材的原始之美。细丝编织（瓷胎竹编工艺）使用较细的蔑条进行编织，是一种精湛的竹编工艺。它选用精细如发丝的竹丝进行编织，通常用于制作精细、复杂的图案和结构。细丝竹编作品纹理清晰，质感轻，具有极高的艺术价值。常被用于制作瓷胎竹编、竹编字画等精美工艺品，展现了传统工艺的魅力与传承者的匠心独运（黄丽，2016）。产品主要有：瓷胎竹编花瓶、竹编茶具、咖啡具、酒具、文具、竹编平面画。

竹编流派

2008年6月7日，竹编经国务院批准列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。根据对国家非遗项目的检索，各地竹编现有13中进入国家级非物质文化遗产名录，分布在浙江、安徽、江西、重庆、四川、湖南、广西、福建8个省（自治区、直辖市）（张小开，2023）。竹编作为一种传统手工艺，在中国有丰富的地域特色和流派，如四川青神竹编、道明竹编、渠县竹编；福建泉州竹编、闽西竹编；湖南湘西竹编；浙江嵊州竹编、东阳竹编等都是不同等级的非物质文化遗产。

竹编工艺品的寓意

民俗传统，幸福安康。在中国的一些传统节日和庆典活动中，人们会使用竹编作品进行装饰和表演。例如，农历新年期间，人们会制作各种各样的竹编灯笼来庆祝节日的到来。这些竹编作品不仅彩光万丈，也寓意着人们对于幸福和吉祥的追求。
《考工记》提出“天有时，地有名，工有巧，才有美，和此四者然后才可为良。”瓷胎竹编的材料选择的时节、地域，传统竹编的制作工艺、制作水平最终决定了一件瓷胎竹编是否材美工巧。传统竹编虽然算不上鬼斧神工，但是却更能体现中国传统造物观念“天人合一”所强调的人与自然和谐统一的思想和文化内涵。

问题

1.竹编制作是什么流程？主要步骤有哪些？

2.竹编制品有哪些分类？

3.竹编制品的寓意是什么？

答案

1.一件竹编从破篾到成品，一般要经过十几到三十几道工序。传统竹编的工艺通常有四个流程，分别是：加工竹篾、编织、收尾、质检和包装。

2.从编织物的形态和结构来看，竹编制品可以分为立体编织和平面编织。从蔑条的粗细程度粗丝来看，竹编制品可以分为粗丝编织和细丝编织。

3.竹编寓意着人们对于幸福和吉祥的追求，期盼幸福安康。同时，它也体现出中国传统造物观念“天人合一”所强调的人与自然和谐统一的思想和文化内涵。

User:Zeng Man

2024-12-19T09:38:32Z

Zeng Man:

User:Zeng Man

2024-12-10T11:44:07Z

Zeng Man:

User:Zeng Man

2024-11-28T02:39:16Z

Zeng Man:

User:Zeng Man

2024-11-28T02:13:14Z

Zeng Man:

我叫曾蔓，专业是英语笔译，来自湖北荆州。爱好是在游戏里种田，现实生活中不太喜欢，因为着实有点累。我最近跟着导师在做诸子典籍英译的整理，感觉似懂非懂。虽然是中国人，但是感觉对中国文化了解也不是很深，希望上了您的课，能更好地学习本国的文化。

\= Nov 6, 2024 \=I learned how to say "I love you" in French. That's "Je t'aime".

\= Nov 7, 2024 \=I knew several French celebrites such as Charles de Gaulle, Honoré de Balzac and Sophie Marceau.

\= Nov 8, 2024 \=I learnt 13 French alphabets from A to M. It was different for me to pronunce G and J.

\= Nov 9, 2024 \=I didn't study French.

\= Nov 10, 2024 \=I reviewed these 13 alphabets. Then I continued to learn another 13 French alphabets from N to Z.

\= Nov 11, 2024 \=I learnt how to greet others. Some expressions were as follow: Bonjour,madame/monsieur. Bonjour à tous/vous.

\= Nov 12, 2024 \=I learnt 5 sons（phonèmes）：/a/, /ɛ/, /e/, /i/ ,/b/

\= Nov 13, 2024 \=I learnt some sentences about self-introduction. -Je suis Zeng Man. Et vous? -Moi, C'est Lucie.

\= Nov 14, 2024 \=I learnt 8 subject pronouns(pronoms sujets): je,tu,il, elle, nous,vous,ils, elles.

\= Nov 15, 2024 \=I reviewed yesterday's subject pronouns.

\= Nov 16, 2024 \=I didn't study French because I attened an academic meeting in Chongqing.

\= Nov 17, 2024 \=I didn't study French, either, because I traveled in Chongqing and saw cute pandas.

\= Nov 18, 2024 \=I learnt conjugasion（动词变位）and I thought it was very complex.je suis, tu es, il est, elle est, nous sommes, vous tes, ils sont, elles sont.

\= Nov 19, 2024 \=I reviewed what I had learnt yesterday.

\= Nov 20, 2024 \=I learnt to say good morning and good evening in French: Bonjour. Bonsoir. -Comment ça va？/Comment allez-vous？-Ça va bien./Je vais bien.

\= Nov 21, 2024 \=I learnt several vowels：/ø/, /œ/, /ə/ and also some consonants: /ʃ/, /dʒ/, /k/,/g/.

\= Nov 22, 2024 \=I learnt conversation about how to say goodbye. Au revoir.Salut.Bonne journée.À bientôt. À demain.

\= Nov 23, 2024 \=I have learned the French expressions for Monday through Sunday.

\= Nov 24, 2024 \=I learnt several vowels：/ɔ/, /ɒ/, /u/ and also some consonants: /h/, /s/, /z/,/ɾ/.

\= Nov 25, 2024 \=I learnt some expressions about apology and thanks(remercier et s'excuser):Merci. Merci beaucoup.Pardon.Excusez-moi.Ça va. / Ça va bien. Je vous en prie.

\= Nov 26, 2024 \=I didn't learn anything.

\= Nov 27, 2024 \=Rwview.

\= Nov 28, 2024 \=I learnt to count number 1-10 in French.

User:Zeng Man

2024-11-28T01:24:56Z

Zeng Man:

我叫曾蔓，专业是英语笔译，来自湖北荆州。爱好是在游戏里种田，现实生活中不太喜欢，因为着实有点累。我最近跟着导师在做诸子典籍英译的整理，感觉似懂非懂。虽然是中国人，但是感觉对中国文化了解也不是很深，希望上了您的课，能更好地学习本国的文化。

\= Nov 6, 2024 \=I learned how to say "I love you" in French. That's "Je t'aime".

\= Nov 7, 2024 \=I knew several French celebrites such as Charles de Gaulle, Honoré de Balzac and Sophie Marceau.

\= Nov 8, 2024 \=I learnt 13 French alphabets from A to M. It was different for me to pronunce G and J.

\= Nov 9, 2024 \=I didn't study French.

\= Nov 10, 2024 \=I reviewed these 13 alphabets. Then I continued to learn another 13 French alphabets from N to Z.

\= Nov 11, 2024 \=I learnt how to greet others. Some expressions were as follow: Bonjour,madame/monsieur. Bonjour à tous/vous.

\= Nov 12, 2024 \=I learnt 5 sons（phonèmes）：/a/, /ɛ/, /e/, /i/ ,/b/

\= Nov 13, 2024 \=I learnt some sentences about self-introduction. -Je suis Zeng Man. Et vous? -Moi, C'est Lucie.

\= Nov 14, 2024 \=I learnt 8 subject pronouns(pronoms sujets): je,tu,il, elle, nous,vous,ils, elles.

\= Nov 15, 2024 \=I reviewed yesterday's subject pronouns.

\= Nov 16, 2024 \=I didn't study French because I attened an academic meeting in Chongqing.

\= Nov 17, 2024 \=I didn't study French, either, because I traveled in Chongqing and saw cute pandas.

\= Nov 18, 2024 \=I learnt conjugasion（动词变位）and I thought it was very complex.je suis, tu es, il est, elle est,nous sommes, vous tes, ils sont, elles sont.

\= Nov 19, 2024 \=I reviewed what I had learnt yesterday.

\= Nov 20, 2024 \=I learnt to say good morning and good evening in French: Bonjour. Bonsoir. -Comment ça va？/Comment allez-vous？-Ça va bien./Je vais bien.

\= Nov 21, 2024 \=

\= Nov 22, 2024 \=

\= Nov 23, 2024 \=

\= Nov 24, 2024 \=

\= Nov 25, 2024 \=

\= Nov 26, 2024 \=

\= Nov 27, 2024 \=

\= Nov 28, 2024 \=

User:Zeng Man

2024-11-28T01:20:11Z

Zeng Man:

我叫曾蔓，专业是英语笔译，来自湖北荆州。爱好是在游戏里种田，现实生活中不太喜欢，因为着实有点累。我最近跟着导师在做诸子典籍英译的整理，感觉似懂非懂。虽然是中国人，但是感觉对中国文化了解也不是很深，希望上了您的课，能更好地学习本国的文化。

\= Nov 6, 2024 \=11月6日 I learned how to say "I love you" in French. That's "Je t'aime".

\= Nov 7, 2024 \=11月7日 I knew several French celebrites such as Charles de Gaulle, Honoré de Balzac and Sophie Marceau.

11月8日 I learnt 13 French alphabets from A to M. It was different for me to pronunce G and J.

11月9日 I didn't study French.
11月10日 I reviewed these 13 alphabets. Then I continued to learn another 13 French alphabets from N to Z.
11月11日 I learnt how to greet others. Some expressions were as follow: Bonjour,madame/monsieur. Bonjour à tous/vous.
11月12日 I learnt 5 sons（phonèmes）：/a/, /ɛ/, /e/, /i/ ,/b/
11月13日 I learnt some sentences about self-introduction. -Je suis Zeng Man. Et vous? -Moi, C'est Lucie.
11月14日 I learnt 8 subject pronouns(pronoms sujets): je,tu,il, elle, nous,vous,ils, elles.
11月15日 I reviewed yesterday's subject pronouns.
11月16日 I didn't study French because I attened an academic meeting in Chongqing.
11月17日 I didn't study French, either, because I traveled in Chongqing and saw cute pandas.
11月18日 I learnt conjugasion（动词变位）and I thought it was very complex.je suis, tu es, il est, elle est,nous sommes, vous tes, ils sont, elles sont.
11月19日 I reviewed what I had learnt yesterday.
11月20日 I learnt to say good morning and good evening in French: Bonjour. Bonsoir. -Comment ça va？/Comment allez-vous？-Ça va bien./Je vais bien.
11月21日
11月22日
11月23日
11月24日
11月25日
11月26日
11月27日

User:Zeng Man

2024-11-28T01:19:44Z

Zeng Man:

我叫曾蔓，专业是英语笔译，来自湖北荆州。爱好是在游戏里种田，现实生活中不太喜欢，因为着实有点累。我最近跟着导师在做诸子典籍英译的整理，感觉似懂非懂。虽然是中国人，但是感觉对中国文化了解也不是很深，希望上了您的课，能更好地学习本国的文化。

\= Nov 6, 2024 \=11月6日 I learned how to say "I love you" in French. That's "Je t'aime".
\= Nov 7, 2024 \=11月7日 I knew several French celebrites such as Charles de Gaulle, Honoré de Balzac and Sophie Marceau.
11月8日 I learnt 13 French alphabets from A to M. It was different for me to pronunce G and J.
11月9日 I didn't study French.
11月10日 I reviewed these 13 alphabets. Then I continued to learn another 13 French alphabets from N to Z.
11月11日 I learnt how to greet others. Some expressions were as follow: Bonjour,madame/monsieur. Bonjour à tous/vous.
11月12日 I learnt 5 sons（phonèmes）：/a/, /ɛ/, /e/, /i/ ,/b/
11月13日 I learnt some sentences about self-introduction. -Je suis Zeng Man. Et vous? -Moi, C'est Lucie.
11月14日 I learnt 8 subject pronouns(pronoms sujets): je,tu,il, elle, nous,vous,ils, elles.
11月15日 I reviewed yesterday's subject pronouns.
11月16日 I didn't study French because I attened an academic meeting in Chongqing.
11月17日 I didn't study French, either, because I traveled in Chongqing and saw cute pandas.
11月18日 I learnt conjugasion（动词变位）and I thought it was very complex.je suis, tu es, il est, elle est,nous sommes, vous tes, ils sont, elles sont.
11月19日 I reviewed what I had learnt yesterday.
11月20日 I learnt to say good morning and good evening in French: Bonjour. Bonsoir. -Comment ça va？/Comment allez-vous？-Ça va bien./Je vais bien.
11月21日
11月22日
11月23日
11月24日
11月25日
11月26日
11月27日

User:Zeng Man

2024-11-27T11:22:21Z

Zeng Man:

我叫曾蔓，专业是英语笔译，来自湖北荆州。爱好是在游戏里种田，现实生活中不太喜欢，因为着实有点累。我最近跟着导师在做诸子典籍英译的整理，感觉似懂非懂。虽然是中国人，但是感觉对中国文化了解也不是很深，希望上了您的课，能更好地学习本国的文化。

11月6日 I learned how to say "I love you" in French. That's "Je t'aime".
11月7日 I knew several French celebrites such as Charles de Gaulle, Honoré de Balzac and Sophie Marceau.
11月8日 I learnt 13 French alphabets from A to M. It was different for me to pronunce G and J.
11月9日 I didn't study French.
11月10日 I reviewed these 13 alphabets. Then I continued to learn another 13 French alphabets from N to Z.
11月11日 I learnt how to greet others. Some expressions were as follow: Bonjour,madame/monsieur. Bonjour à tous/vous.
11月12日 I learnt 5 sons（phonèmes）：/a/, /ɛ/, /e/, /i/ ,/b/
11月13日 I learnt some sentences about self-introduction. -Je suis Zeng Man. Et vous? -Moi, C'est Lucie.
11月14日 I learnt 8 subject pronouns(pronoms sujets): je,tu,il, elle, nous,vous,ils, elles.
11月15日 I reviewed yesterday's subject pronouns.
11月16日 I didn't study French because I attened an academic meeting in Chongqing.
11月17日 I didn't study French, either, because I traveled in Chongqing and saw cute pandas.
11月18日 I learnt conjugasion（动词变位）and I thought it was very complex.je suis, tu es, il est, elle est,nous sommes, vous tes, ils sont, elles sont.
11月19日 I reviewed what I had learnt yesterday.
11月20日 I learnt to say good morning and good evening in French: Bonjour. Bonsoir. -Comment ça va？/Comment allez-vous？-Ça va bien./Je vais bien.
11月21日
11月22日
11月23日
11月24日
11月25日
11月26日
11月27日

File:The Ethnic Minorities' Costumes.pptx

2024-11-07T11:04:00Z

Zeng Man: Zeng Man uploaded a new version of "File:The Ethnic Minorities' Costumes.pptx"

File:The Ethnic Minorities' Costumes.pptx

2024-10-31T11:46:45Z

Zeng Man: Zeng Man uploaded a new version of "File:The Ethnic Minorities' Costumes.pptx"

File:The Ethnic Minorities' Costumes.pptx

2024-10-09T11:15:24Z

Zeng Man: Zeng Man uploaded a new version of "File:The Ethnic Minorities' Costumes.pptx"

File:The Ethnic Minorities' Costumes.pptx

2024-10-09T11:12:28Z

Zeng Man:

Chinese Language and Culture 2024

2024-09-26T03:22:07Z

Zeng Man: /* Session 4 Thursday Sep 26, 2024 19:00-21:35 */

Welcome to Chinese Language and Culture 2024

THU (19:00-19:45,19:55-20:40,20:50-21:35) 至善楼105 MA2 (23级笔译口译 Translation & Interpretation) 中国语言文化 Chinese Language and Culture 2024, Textbook: Woesler 2024, 1 5.9., 2 12.9., 3 19.9., 4 26.9., 5 10.10., 6 17.10., 7 24.10., 8 31.10., 9 7.11., 10 14.11., 11 21.11., 12 28.11., 13 5.12., 14 12.12., 15 19.12., 16 26.12.

=簽到 Here you can sign in behind the topic you want to present in class=
*Yu Yi
*Memo
*Glen
*Liu Li
*Liu Zhuofan
*Drovan
*Wu Ziyi
*Andrew
*Wang Xuan
*Cynthia
*Wang Yan
*Doris
*Wu Jing
*Jennie
*Huang Qi
*Esther
*Xiao Feiyan
*He Chuwen
*Lyra
*Shu Lin
*Shirleen
*Tang Yuewei
*Zhou Xukai
*Eavan
*Jiang Chenmei
*Lilian
*Jiao Mengting
*Sherry
*Le Yuxuan
*Lydia
*Wu Jiaying
*Cathy
*Jiang Yaping
*Sunny
*Li Jia
*Zoe
*Wang Yujiao
*Wendy
*Fu Xinke
*Finger
*Zeng Wenjing
*Zoey
*Chen Zilan
*Landy
*Yang Lingyue
*Yang Fan
*Liu Peinan
*Peter
*Pan Yilin
*ceci
*Chen Pingan
*Grace
*Huang Mengyan
*Mandy
*Rachel
*Guo Zibin
*Anne
*Xiao Yixuan
*Zeng Xin
*Su Yi
*Zeng Man
*Emily
*Chen Mengzhu
*Chris
*Huang Zechen
*Zachary
*Liu Zhouli
*Kuang Jing
*Jin
*Tang Xinyan
*Estrella
*Peng Yingying
*Becca
*Ma Ruiqing
*Raymond
*Chen Guangzi
*Alan
*Hannah
*Tang Xinyu
*Zhou Ranran
*Shi Zhanning
*Wang Yue
*Hu Zetao
*Zhang Shuai
*Liu Zhehui
*Wang Xudong
*Zhou Jing
*Amy
*Zhang Yange
*Zhao Jing
*Winnie
1. Geographic Nature as a Basis for Cultural Development .. 16

2.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Chinese Marriage Customs ............................................................................. 21

3.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Habits, Ways of Contacting .......................................................................... 28

4.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Marriage-Accompanying Songs in Hunan ......................................... 37

5.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Crying Marriage of Tujia ................................................................................... 46

6.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China ...................................... 60 (Cheng Linjia/Jason)

7.
Animals: Panda .................................................................. 68

8.
Architecture ....................................................................... 75

9.
Architecture: The Forbidden City .................................... 84

10.
Architecture: Four Famous Bridges ................................... 97

11.
Architecture: Four Great Pavilions .................................. 107

12.
Architecture: Shengjing Imperial Palace .......................... 118

13.
Architecture: Three Great Towers in China ..................... 125

14.
Architecture: Fengshui in Chinese Architecture .............. 138

15.
Army and weapons: Chinese Ancient Weapons ............... 147

16.
Army and weapons: Terracotta Army .............................. 155

17.
Astrology: Chinese Astrology .......................................... 162

18.
Astrology: Calendar, The 24 Solar Terms ........................ 169

19.
Astrology: Twelve Animals of the Chinese Zodiac .......... 178

20.
Beverages: Milk Tea ........................................................ 186 (Peng Lu/Julia)

21.
Beverages: Tea ................................................................. 193（Yang Fan/Shawn）

22.
Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China ............ 198（Liu Zhuofan/Drovan）

23.
Body movement performance: Chinese Lion Dancing .. 207

24.
Body movement performance: Stilts ................................ 211
25.
Body movement performance: Traditional Chinese Dance
6
......................................................................................... 217

26.
Chinese Writing: Ancient Writing and Painting Tool, Writing Brush ................................................................................ 223

27.
Chinese Writing: Calligraphy ........................................... 232

28.
Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy ............... 238

29.
Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters ............................... 247

30.
Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts ............ 260

31.
Clothing: Chinese Clothing .............................................. 267

32.
Clothing: Batik (Lanran) .................................................. 275

33.
Clothing: Cheongsam ....................................................... 285 (Tang Yuewei/ Eavan)

34.
Confucianism: Confucian Culture .................................... 293

35.
Confucianism: Chinese Traditional Culture-Five Constant Virtues .............................................................................. 307

36.
Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Confucius and Confucianism ................................................................... 315

37.
Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Reading The Analects ......................................................................................... 322

38.
Education: Ancient Chinese Education ............................ 332

39.
Education: Historical Figures, The Four Talented Women of Ancient China .................................................................. 343
40.
Education: Modern Chinese Education System ............... 353

41.
Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties .............................. 367（Hannah/Zhou Yicen）

42.
Education: Yuelu Academy (One of the Four Most Prestigious Academies) .................................................... 376

43.
Facial Make-up ................................................................ 386

44.
Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up ......................................................................................... 393 (Li Xiaosu/Jacinda)

45.
Facial Make-up: Face Changing in Sichuan Opera .......... 409

46.
Fine Arts: Painting ........................................................... 418

47.
Fine Arts: Bada Shanren and Qi Baishi ............................ 423

48.
Fine Arts: Painting Riverside Scene at Tomb Sweeping Day ......................................................................................... 429

49.
Fine Arts: Seal-cutting ..................................................... 436
7

50.
Games: Go 围棋 ........................................................... 439 (Peng Yixin/ Eason)

51.
Games: Kite Flying .......................................................... 445 （Liu Huixuan/ Polly）

52.
Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play ............ 452(Zeng Wenjing/Zoey)

53.
Garden Culture: Gardens ................................................. 480(Jiang Chenmei/Lilian)

54.
Garden Culture: Bonsai (Penjing) .................................. 486

55.
Garden Culture: The Summer Palace ............................... 493(Liu Zhehui/Mary)

56.
Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden 500 (Cai Yingchu/ Rachel)

57.
Gender: Wu Zetian: The Only Female Emperor of Imperial China ................................................................................ 509
(Zhou Ranran/Jerry)
58.
History: Carl and Cixi ...................................................... 521

59.
Interieur: The Folding Screen .......................................... 525

60.
Landscapes and Tourism: Four Buddhist Shrines ............ 534

61.
Landscapes and Tourism: Four State-Level Cultural Relics ......................................................................................... 545

62.
Landscapes and Tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains ........................................................................ 555（Wu Jing/Jennie）

63.
Landscapes and Tourism: Mogao Grottoes ...................... 563

64.
Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai ....... 576

65.
Landscapes and Tourism: Canal Culture：The Grand Canal（The Peking-Hangzhou Grand Canal） ........................ 591

66.
Landscapes and Tourism: The Ancient Tea Horse Road .. 604

67.
Landscapes and Tourism: Tourism, Nanking-An Ancient Capital of Six Dynasties ................................................... 610

68.
Language: Chinese Language .......................................... 616

69.
Language: Chinese Dialects ............................................. 626 (Long Jiayu/Tara) (present first on Oct 10, Session 5)

70.
Language: Chinese Folk Argot ......................................... 635

71.
Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Classical Fairy Tales ......................................................................................... 646

72.
Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Mythology ......... 653

73.
Literature: Ancient literature - Classical Literature .......... 664

74.
Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China ................................................................... 671

75.
Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient
8
China
................................................................................ 680

76.
Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China ............................ 689

77.
Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas .................................................................................. 711

78.
Literature: Ancient literature: Yuefu................................. 727

79.
Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels .................................................................................. 734

80.
Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations ............... 741

81.
Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio ................................................................. 747

82.
Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song.................... 755

83.
Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty ..................................... 783

84.
Literature: Modern Literature .......................................... 792

85.
Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) ....................................................................... 800

86.
Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy ............................................ 807

87.
Literature: Contemporary Literature ................................ 818(Chen Guangzi/Alan)

88.
Martial Arts: Huo Yuanjia ................................................ 823

89.
Martial Arts: Qigong ........................................................ 826

Martial Arts: Taiji (Tai Chi) Shadow Boxing ................... 831

91.
Martial Arts: Wushu ......................................................... 842

92.
Martial Arts: Frolics of the Five Animals (Wuqinxi) ....... 847

93.
Medicine: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) ............. 857

94.
Medicine: TCM - Acupuncture and Moxibustion ............ 863

95.
Medicine: TCM - Diagnosis and Pharmacology .............. 868

96.
Medicine: TCM - The Development of Chinese Medicine ......................................................................................... 873

97.
Medicine: TCM – The Chinese Medical Sage Zhang Zhongjing ......................................................................... 880

98.
Minority cultures: Lisu People and Daogan Festival of Lisu Ethnic Minority
................................................................ 889

99.
Minority cultures: The Ethnic Minorities’ Costumes ....... 896(Zeng Man/Emily)

100.
Money culture: Currency, Jiaozi (A Paper Currency in Northern Song Dynasty) .................................................. 907

101.
Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money ....................................................................... 917（Chen Pingan/Grace）

102.
Music and instruments: Guzheng ..................................... 928 (Liu Zeyu/Yew)

103.
Music and instruments: Pipa ............................................ 939

104.
Mythology: Gods and Immortals ..................................... 949(Wang Yue/Nora)
(present in the end on Sep 26, Session 4)
105.
Mythology: Huli-jing ....................................................... 958(Ma Ruiqing/Raymond)

106.
National Symbols: National Anthem ............................... 969

107.
National Symbols: National Flag ..................................... 976

108.
Opera: Peking Opera ........................................................ 984

109.
Opera: Peking Opera Acrobatics ...................................... 992

110.
Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang ........................ 999

111.
Opera: Tea-picking Opera .............................................. 1004（Chen Kuanshun/Jason）

112.
Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) ........ 1012

113.
Philosophical Schools: Four Main Philosophical Schools ....................................................................................... 1023

114.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy – Daoism ...................................... 1032

115.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading Tao Te Ching ............... 1037

116.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Sutra of Hui-neng . 1043

117.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Importance of Living ....................................................................................... 1049

118.
Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Legalism ....................................................................... 1060

119.
Philosophy: Chinese Traditional Cultivation Culture .... 1070

120.
Religion: Traditional Chinese Funeral Culture .............. 1082

121.
Religion: Buddhism ....................................................... 1096

122.
Religion: Daoism ........................................................... 1110

123.
Religion: Christianity ..................................................... 1115

124.
Religion: Islam ............................................................... 1121

125.
Science and Technology: Ancient Science and Technology ....................................................................................... 1125

126.
Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions 1130 (Wang Xudong/Hue)

127.
Science and Technology: Compass ................................ 1154

128.
Science and Technology: TikTok (Douyin) .................... 1162

129.
Science and Technology: Three Giant Home Appliance Enterprises In China ..................................................... 1171

130.
Science and Technology: Four Domestic Mobile Phone Companies ..................................................................... 1191

131.
Silk and porcelain: Silk .................................................. 1206

132.
Silk and porcelain: Porcelain ......................................... 1211

133.
Silk and porcelain: Celadon and Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 ............................................................................... 1217

134.
Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zhang Qian and the Silk Road ....................................................................................... 1224

135.
Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He and the Maritime Silk Road ....................................................................... 1229

136.
Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He's Voyages .... 1233

137.
Social: The Long-life Lock ............................................ 1241 （Shu Lin/Shirleen）

138.
Social: Round Table Culture .......................................... 1249（Yu Yi/Memo)

139.
Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 ............................. 1257(Lv Di/Ludy)

140.
Stage entertainment: Shadow Play ................................. 1264

141.
Traditional Crafts: Carving ............................................ 1272

142.
Traditional Crafts: Chinese Jade Culture ....................... 1280Zhang Yange(Mia)

143.
Traditional Crafts: Cloisonne ......................................... 1294

144.
Traditional Crafts: Embroidery ...................................... 1298

145.
Traditional Crafts: Shu Embroidery (Sichuan Embroidery) ....................................................................................... 1302

146.
Traditional Crafts: Xiang Embroidery ........................... 1315

147.
Traditional Crafts: Folk Art - Chinese Paper-cutting ..... 1329

148.
Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Chinese Knots ............... 1336(Chen Zilan/Landy)

149.
Traditional Crafts: Lacquerware .................................... 1344

150.
Traditional Crafts: The Kingfisher Craft点翠 ............... 1349

151.
Traditional Cuisine: Chinese Dining Etiquette ............... 1362

152.
Traditional Cuisine: Chopsticks ..................................... 1376(Peng Yingying/Becca)

153.
Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China ...... 1381 (Tang Xinyu/Eric)

154.
Traditional Cuisine: Four Distinct Regional Cuisines .... 1398(Peng Jiayi/Eva)

155.
Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan .......... 1404 Chen Shanshan /Rebecca

156.
Traditional Cuisine: Tanghulu, Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick .................................................................. 1414(Chen Mengzhu/Chris)

157.
Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot ............................................ 1423（Xiao Yixuan/Yuki)

158.
Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking .......... 1430(Liu Zhouli/ lovia)

159.
Traditional Cuisine: Two Famous Dishes ...................... 1436

160.
Traditional Festivals ....................................................... 1440

161.
Traditional Festivals: Lattice on Ancient Chinese Windows ....................................................................................... 1447

162.
Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets ............. 1459

163.
Westernization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning ....................................................................................... 1465

164.
Westernization: The Westernization Movement ............. 1471

165.
Worship: Chinese Incense Culture ................................. 1479(Tang Xinyan/Estrella)

166.
Economy: Chinese Currency Changes ........................... 1489

167.
History: Wang Shouren .................................................. 1493

168.
Martial Arts: Chinese Swordsman Spirit ........................ 1502(Zhang Rui)

169.
Cuisine: Luosifen ........................................................... 1513(Wang Xuan/Cynthia)

170.
Fine Arts: Chinese Paper Cutting ................................... 1521

171.
Science and Technology: Taobao(淘宝) ...................... 1531（Li Songlin/Solin)

172.
Traditional Craft: Bronze ............................................... 1541

173.
Entertainment: Deyunshe 德云社 ................................. 1548

174.
Traditional Cuisine: Jiaozi ............................................. 1561 (Liu Yi/Zer)

175.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: the Photo Retouching Culture in China ............................................................. 1572

176.
Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Oil-paper Umbrella ....... 1581（Wang Yan/Doris）

177.
stage entertainment:Yuan drama .................................... 1592

178.
Music and instruments: Erhu ......................................... 1601

179.
Traditional and Modern Views on Marriage and Love .. 1608(Zhao Siyao/Caroline)

180.
Traditional Cuisine: Tangyuan ....................................... 1615 (Su Yi/Suri)

181.
Animals：Golden Monkey ............................................ 1625

182.
Chinese Economy: rich businessmen ............................. 1631

183.
Opera: Chinese Local Operas ........................................ 1639

184.
The Chinese tradition of ancestor worship ..................... 1651(Shi Zhanning/Harper)

185.
Opera: Huangmei opera ................................................. 1663

186.
The “reference” of Chinese Music........................... 1670(Huang Zechen/Zachary)

187.
Chinese Folk Art:Lion Dance ........................................ 1676

188.
Science and Technology: Mobile Games（手游） ....... 1691 (Liu Peinan/Peter)

189.
Clothing: Vintage Clothing ............................................ 1697(Hu Shanshan/Maddy)

190.
Fine arts:Kunqu Opera ................................................... 1704

191.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Culture of Flowers ....................................................................................... 1712（Chen Weiping/Jackie）

192.
National Belief: the Chinese Dream .............................. 1722

193.
Science and Technology: Buytogether（PDD) ............ 1729（Wang Yujiao/Wendy）

194.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs：Marriage and Burial Customs of Tujia People ................................................ 1748(Jiao Mengting/Sherry)

195.
Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Guangdong传统美食：广东早餐文化 ....................................................... 1753（Wu Ziyi/Andrew）

196.
Telecast: Become a Farmer 种地吧 .............................. 1765（Sha Lijia/Reika）

197.
Animals: Chinese Rural Dogs 动物：中华田园犬 ...... 1773 (Zhao Jing/Winnie)

198.
Clothing: Hanfu 汉服：揭示中国传统服饰之美 ........ 1781（Guo Zibin/Anne）

199.
Music and instruments: Chime 音乐与乐器：编钟 ..... 1788

200.
Garden Culture: Suzhou Gardens 苏州园林 ................. 1795(Liang Dan/Anne)

201.
Traditional crafts: Moon-shaped Fans 传统技艺：团扇 1806(Le Yuxuan/Lydia)

202.
Minority cultures: Miao Silver Ornaments Culture 苗族银饰文化 ................................................................... 1827(Yang Hanxu/Hansu)

203.
Mysterious culture: Facial Physiognomy 相面术 ......... 1836(Zhou Xiaoqiao）
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204.
Games: Chinese Chess 游戏：象棋 ............................. 1847(Zhou Xukai/Kyrie)

205.
Music and instruments: Guqin 古琴 ............................. 1863

206.
Music and instruments: The Spring Snow 音乐和乐器：《阳春白雪》 ........................................................................... 1878

207.
The "Four Gentlemen": Plum, Orchid Bamboo, Chrysanthemum “四君子”的象征意义 ....................... 1885 （Hu Zheng/ Leven）

208.
Traditional festivals: The Flower Fairy Festival 花朝节 1898 （Gong Tao/Gisele)

209.
Architecture: Shigu Academy 建筑：石鼓书院 .......... 1906

210.
Cuisine: Changde spicy salted duck 酱板鸭传说的由来 1918

211.
Beverages: Sexy Tea 饮品：茶颜悦色 ........................ 1926 (Huang Qi/ Esther)

212.
Opera: Flower-drum Opera 花鼓戏 .............................. 1935(Zhou Jing/ Amy)

213.
Traditional Festivals: Shangsi Festival 上巳节 ............. 1943 （Li Jia/ Zoe）

214.
Ancient Chinese Women's Culture: Ji Sor (Self-combing female) 自梳女 ................................................................. 1949 (Wu Jiaying Cathy)

215.
Cuisine: Dong'an chicken: The Premier Dish of Hunan Cuisine 东安鸡：湘菜之首 ........................................... 1962

216.
Ancient Chinese Women's Culture：Nüshu (Women's Script) 女书 ................................................................................... 1970（He Chuwen/Lyra）

217.
Opera: Shaoxing Opera 越剧 ........................................ 1991

218.
Traditional Crafts: Jade Carving Art 玉雕 .................... 1997

219.
Chinese snack: spicy gluten 中国小吃：辣条 ............. 2003(Jiang Yaping/Sunny)

220.
Social Phenomenon: Marriage: Women Being Urged to Get Married 婚姻：被催婚的女性 ........................................ 2010 Liu XinYu

221.
Chinese mythology: Chinese Dragon Culture 中国龙是什么
....................................................................................... 2019(Zhang Shuai / Andy)

222.
Minority cultures: Laosicheng 老司城 ......................... 2028

223.
The Torch of Unity: Celebrating Torch Festival Among China's Ethnic Minorities 团结的火炬——中国少数民族庆祝火把节
........................................................................... 2041 Xiao Feiyan
224.
Chinese Painting: A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains 《千里江山图》 ............................................ 2048(Yao Yiyun/Olivia）

225.
Festival: Qixi Festival 七夕节 ...................................... 2055（Li Ru/Lee）

226.
Music and instruments: Yuge (Fishing song) 渔歌 ....... 2063

227.
Education: Chicken Child (Fired-up Child) 教育：鸡娃 2071(tao yu/mikansei)

228.
Chinese Science Fiction: The Three-Body Problem 中国科幻小说：《三体》 ............................................................. 2083(Zhang Mengzhe/Nine)

229.
Ganshi in Xiangxi: The Cycle of Life and Death under Ancient Witchcraft 湘西赶尸：古老巫术下的生死轮回 2092 (Liao Wenyao/Rose)

230.
Architecture: Chinese Memorial Archway (Paifang) 中国传统建筑：牌坊 ................................................................... 2098

231.
Chinese Animation 中国动画传统 ............................... 2110（pan yilin/ceci）

232.
Social Phenomenon: Military-style Travel 特种兵式旅游 2121

233.
Folk Art: Youshen Fairs 游神 ....................................... 2131

234.
Nuo Opera 傩戏 ............................................................ 2141

235.
Music and Instruments: Suona Horn 唢呐 .................... 2157（Liu Jieyu/Erica）

236.
Chinese Handicraft: Kesi 中国手工艺品：缂丝 .......... 2166

237.
Sangzhi Folk Songs 桑植民歌 ...................................... 2173

238.
Music and instrument: Ancient Chinese pentatonic scale – Gong, Shang, Jue, Zhi, Yu 五声音阶，汉族古代音律：宫—商—角—徵—羽 ............................................................... 2192 (Han Yaxuan)

239.
Social Phenomenon: Mobile Population 社会现象：流动人口 ....................................................................................... 2204(Hu Zetao/Francis)

240.
Chinese tradition culture: Zanhua 簪花 ........................ 2213 （Xie Ke）

241.
Incense Culture 香道文化 ............................................ 2221 （Zeng Xin）

242.
The Imperial Civil Examination System 科举制度 ...... 2230

243.
Literature: Qu Yuan 文学：屈原 .................................. 2238(Jiang Caiyun/Tony)

244.
Games: pitch-pot game (Touhu) 投壶游戏 ................... 2244(Kuang Jing/Jin)

245.
Folk Art: Piao Se 民间艺术：飘色 .............................. 2253(Huang Mengyan/Mandy)

246.
Jingdezhen Porcelain 景德镇陶瓷 ................................ 2261(Li Dinghao/Leo)

247.
Folk Traditional Customs: Fireworks and Firecrackers 民间传统习俗：烟花和爆竹 ........................................... 2270 (Cao Jialong/caron)

248.
The Literati Painting of the Ming Dynasty: The Wu School 明代文人画：吴门画派 ................................................... 2278

249.
Thangka 唐卡 ............................................................... 2285（Yang Lingyue/Judy）

250.
Striking iron flower 打铁花 .......................................... 2294 (Fu Xinke/Finger)

251.
Chinese Cuisine: Xiang Cuisine – One of the Eight Major Cuisines 湘菜 ................................................................... 23029（Liu Li/Glen）

252.
The Evolution of the Official Selection System 仕进制度 2312（Xia Rong/Sharon)

=Here you can suggest your topic for your final exam paper=
Deadline: Sep 15, 2024

1. Sports: Cuju 蹴鞠………(Liu Yi/Zer)

2. Science and Technology: Chinese Electrical Vehicles (Cheng Linjia/Jason)

3. Chinese tradition culture: Ronghua—Velvet Flowers 绒花………(Xiao Feiyan)

4. Stage entertainment: northeast Errenzhuan (二人转).........(Wu Jiaying/Cathy)

5. Animals: Chinese Cats 动物：中国猫 ...... (Zhao Jing/winnie)

6. Nanchang Relic Museum for Haihun Principality of Han Dynasty (Yao Yiyun)

7. Grass cloth 夏布（Yu Yi/Memo）

8. The Legend of Zhen Huan 《甄嬛传》(Yang Lingyue/ Judy)

9.Chinese horror movies 中式恐怖片......(Zhou Xiaoqiao/ Summer)

10. Stand-up comedy 单口喜剧......(Huang Zechen/ Zachary)

11.Chinese tradition culture: birde-price（彩礼）……（Wang Yujiao/Wendy）

12. Chinese science fiction movies 中国科幻片......（Liu Peinan/Peter）

13.Xiang Embroidery湘绣······（Liu Zhehui/Mary

14.Chinese traditional jewellery: Buyao(dangling ornament worn by women) （步摇）……（Shu Lin/Shirleen）

15. Tofu meatball with pig blood (猪血丸子) （Su Yi/Suri）

16. Sunzi’s Art of War: Source for All Books on War (孙子兵法) …… (Li Jia/Zoe)

17. The Temple of Heaven：Reverence with Awe and Gratitude（天坛）……（Li Ru/ Lee）

18. Education：training Schools （教育：补习班）……（Jiang Caiyun/Tony）

19. Chinese Dreamcore (中式梦核) ……（Tao Yu/Mikansei）

20.Chinese mortise and tenon craftsmanship（中国榫卯工艺）……（Xiao Yixuan/Yuki）

21. Live-stream shopping（直播带货）……（Yang Fan/Shawn）

22.The Story of Ming Lan（知否知否，应是绿肥红瘦）......(Sha Lijia/Reika)

23. Cha Bai Xi/Tea Latte Art (茶百戏) …… （Fu Xinke/Finger）

23.Herbal tea（凉茶）……（Huang Mengyan/Mandy）

24.Chinese traditional art form：Seal carving（篆刻）……（Wang Yan/Doris ）

25.Rice cake(年糕）……（Chen Pingan/Grace）

26.Zhongyuan festival……(Pan Yilin/Ceci)

27.Dulong: Facial tattoo (独龙族：纹面)……（Zeng Xin）

27.The Return of the Pearl Princess（还珠格格）……（Zeng Wenjing/Zoey）

28.Tourism:"Special Forces" Style Tourism（特种兵式旅游）……（Jiao Mengting/Sherry）

29. "Cun Chao": China's village football league（“村超”：中国乡村足球联赛）……（Wu Ziyi/Andrew）

30. Chinese Musical Instrument: Konghou(箜篌)…… (Chen Zilan/Landy)

31. Chinese Bossy Fictions&Micro-drama（中国式霸总小说&短剧）……（Zhang Mengzhe/Nine）

32. Chinese Traditional Medicine (中医药）……（Kuang Jing/Jin）

33. Jingdezhen Porcelain……(Le Yuxuan/Lydia)

34. Music and instruments: Erhu ……（Hu Zheng/Leven）

35.The plaque and couplet in Chinese garden（园林匾额对联）……（Jiang Chenmei/Lilian）

36. Sun Wukong（孙悟空）……（Liu Huixaun/ Polly）

37. Traditional Chinese Pigments（中国传统颜料）……(Liu Zhuofan/Drovan)

38. Chinese Chess（象棋）……（Zhou Jing/Amy）

39. Bamboo Weaving (竹编） ......（Zeng Man/ Emily)

40. Landscapes and Tourism: Harbin Ice and Snow World (冰雪大世界) ...... (Chen Mengzhu/ Chris)

=Session 1 Thursday Sep 5, 2024 19:00-21:35=
Please download the powerpoint presentation of the teacher here: [[Media:01_Chin_Lang_Cult_2024.pptx]].

=Session 2 Thursday Sep 12, 2024 19:00-21:35=
During the three hours today, the students are presenting the following 6 topics:

6.
Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China ...................................... 60 (Cheng Linjia/Jason) [[Media:Handsome_Men_2024.pptx]]

20.
Beverages: Milk Tea ........................................................ 186 (Peng Lu/Julia) [[Media:Milk_Tea_2024.pptx]]

21.
Beverages: Tea ................................................................. 193（Yang Fan/Shawn）[[Media:Tea_2024_fall.pptx]] (Please compare with old presentation from Spring 2024: [[Media:Tea_2024.pptx]].)

22.
Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China ............ 198（Liu Zhuofan/Drovan）[[Media:Liquor_2024.pptx]]

33.
Clothing: Cheongsam ....................................................... 285 (Tang Yuewei/ Eavan) [[Media:Cheongsam_fall_2024.pptx]] (Please compare with old presentation from Spring 2024: [[Media:Cheongsam_2024.pptx]].)

41.
Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties .............................. 367（Hannah/Zhou Yicen）[[Media:Official_Selection_System_2024.pptx]]

=Session 3 Thursday Sep 19, 2024 19:00-21:35=

All students: Please prepare these three texts in the textbook for today.

During the three hours today, the students are presenting the following 6 topics:

44. Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up, p. 393 (Li Xiaosu/Jacinda) [[Media:Cosmetics_2024.pptx]]

50. Games: Go 围棋, p. 439 (Peng Yixin/ Eason) [[Media:Go_2024.pptx]]

51. Games: Kite Flying p. 445 （Liu Huixuan/ Polly）[[Media:Kite_2024.pptx]]

52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play, p. 452(Zeng Wenjing/Zoey)[[Media:Mahjong_2024.pptx]]

53. Garden Culture: Gardens, p. 480(Jiang Chenmei/Lilian) [[Media:Gardens_2024.pptx]]

55. Garden culture: the Summer Palace, p. 493(Liu Zhehui/Mary) [[Media:Summer_Palace_2024.pptx]]

Homework:

1. Please read the six texts for next time in the textbook.

2. Please add your final exam paper topic and your name in the respective section above.

3. Take the surveys (EU: https://wn8ae3qwafbc11zv.mikecrm.com/9gdWrQT, 2024: https://wn8ae3qwafbc11zv.mikecrm.com/CTrdOjm).

=Session 4 Thursday Sep 26, 2024 19:00-21:35=

During the three hours today, the students are presenting the following 6 topics:

99. Minority cultures: The Ethnic Minorities’ Costumes ....... 896(Zeng Man/Emily)[]

104. Mythology: Gods and Immortals ..................................... 949(Wang Yue/Nora) p.949[[Media:Gods and Immortals1_2024.pptx]][[Media:Gods and Immortals2_2024.pptx]][[Media:Gods and Immortals3_2024.pptx]]