17th Century China and Europe - Revision history

Christopher W at 05:16, 16 April 2013

2013-04-16T05:16:59Z

Christopher W at 05:15, 16 April 2013

2013-04-16T05:15:01Z

Christopher W at 10:38, 7 April 2013

2013-04-07T10:38:58Z

Christopher W: /* The Qing Dynasty */

2013-04-07T10:19:28Z

The Qing Dynasty

Christopher W: /* The Qing Dynasty */

2013-04-07T10:19:06Z

The Qing Dynasty

Christopher W: /* Jesuit Missionary Work in China */

2013-04-07T10:13:48Z

Jesuit Missionary Work in China

Christopher W: /* The Qing Dynasty */

2013-04-07T10:08:54Z

The Qing Dynasty

Christopher W: /* The Ming Dynasty */

2013-04-07T09:34:07Z

The Ming Dynasty

Christopher W: /* The Ming Dynasty */

2013-04-07T09:33:40Z

The Ming Dynasty

Christopher W: /* The Ming Dynasty */

2013-04-07T09:31:55Z

The Ming Dynasty

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:16, 16 April 2013
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	==Presentation==		==Presentation==
	[[Media:17th_Century_China_and_Europe.pptx]]		[[Media:17th_Century_China_and_Europe.pptx]]
		+
		+	==See Also==
		+	*[[Ming Dynasty]]
		+

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:15, 16 April 2013
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	In 1689, the Qing signed the first of a series of treaties with Russia that ignored the longstanding custom of implementing a tribute system. This was significant, because it showed that the Qing were willing to depart from the less effective Chinese policies that had handicapped the Ming and led to their eventual downfall as a dynasty.		In 1689, the Qing signed the first of a series of treaties with Russia that ignored the longstanding custom of implementing a tribute system. This was significant, because it showed that the Qing were willing to depart from the less effective Chinese policies that had handicapped the Ming and led to their eventual downfall as a dynasty.
		+
		+	==Presentation==
		+	[[Media:17th_Century_China_and_Europe.pptx]]
		+

	==References==		==References==

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 ==The Ming Dynasty==
-[[File:China_Ming_1580.jpg |300px|right|thumb|Map of Ming Dynasty. Phono by Kallgan. Click [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:China_Ming_1580.jpg] for original source.]]
+[[File:China_Ming_1580.jpg |300px|right|thumb|Map of Ming Dynasty. Photo by Kallgan. Click [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:China_Ming_1580.jpg] for original source.]]
 The Ming Empire ruled china from 1368 - 1644. The Ming dynasty existed during a time of many international changes that affected the dynasty's stability, especially in the 17th century. Much of these changes that occurred in China were attributed to Europe's demand for Chinese silk and porcelain in exchange for silver. As a result, social and cultural norms were upset throughout China and the government was unable to maintain power as a result. In many ways towards the end of the Ming dynasty, the government acted as a hindrance to the progress that would have allowed the Ming Dynasty to succeed where it ended up eventually failing, such as withdrawing from maritime activities and scientific pursuits that it had excelled at for hundreds of years, relative to the European powers that were now learning to effectively utilize them.(Ebrey, 190,216)

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 ==The Qing Dynasty==
 After the fall of the Ming, the Manchu's were able to establish a new dynasty in China under the direction of the Manchurian warlord named Nurhaci. The Manchus were foreign to China, coming from the northeast of the eastern section of the Great Wall. Unlike the Mongolians who were herdsmen and constantly fighting wars, the Manchurians existed as hunters, fishers, and farmers. The Manchus were able to gain control over China as they represented a better chance at stability over the rebel forces in China that had led to the turmoil that existed when the Manchurians moved into China. This was due to the strong military and administrative powers that the Manchurians had developed outside of China and were able to exhibit for the war-weary Chinese.
-[[File:Nurhaci.jpg |200px|right|thumb|Portrait of Nurhaci from an annonymous Qing Dynasty Court Painter from the 17th Century.Photo by Palace Museum, Beijing . Click [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E6%B8%85_%E4%BD%9A%E5%90%8D_%E3%80%8A%E6%B8%85%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E5%A4%A9%E5%91%BD%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D%E6%9C%9D%E6%9C%8D%E5%83%8F%E3%80%8B.jpg] for original source.]]
+[[File:Nurhaci.jpg |200px|left|thumb|Portrait of Nurhaci from an annonymous Qing Dynasty Court Painter from the 17th Century.Photo by Palace Museum, Beijing . Click [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E6%B8%85_%E4%BD%9A%E5%90%8D_%E3%80%8A%E6%B8%85%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E5%A4%A9%E5%91%BD%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D%E6%9C%9D%E6%9C%8D%E5%83%8F%E3%80%8B.jpg] for original source.]]
 Following Nurhaci, Kangxi came to power and ruled from 1662-1722. His longevity allowed for stability to be reestablished in China, much as had been promised by Nurhaci to the gentry, because of this stability Kangxi was able win over the gentry as he helped reassert their stations within society. He also sought to bring the Chinese Literati into the government. Most importantly for Chinese-European relations, Kangxi was interested in Western science, mathematics, and mechanical devices. (Ebrey, 224) Kangxi found ways to bring Western science to China through means such as Jesuit missionaries.

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 [[File:Nurhaci.jpg |200px|right|thumb|Portrait of Nurhaci from an annonymous Qing Dynasty Court Painter from the 17th Century.Photo by Palace Museum, Beijing . Click [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E6%B8%85_%E4%BD%9A%E5%90%8D_%E3%80%8A%E6%B8%85%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E5%A4%A9%E5%91%BD%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D%E6%9C%9D%E6%9C%8D%E5%83%8F%E3%80%8B.jpg] for original source.]]
-Following Nurhaci, Kangxi came to power and ruled from 1662-1722. His longevity allowed for stability to be reestablished in China, much as had been promised by Nurhaci to the gentry, because of this stability Kangxi was able win over the gentry as he helped reassert their stations within society. He also sought to bring the Chinese Literati into the government. Most importantly for Chinese-European relations, Kangxi was interested in Western science, mathematics, and mechanical devices. (Ebrey, 224)
+Following Nurhaci, Kangxi came to power and ruled from 1662-1722. His longevity allowed for stability to be reestablished in China, much as had been promised by Nurhaci to the gentry, because of this stability Kangxi was able win over the gentry as he helped reassert their stations within society. He also sought to bring the Chinese Literati into the government. Most importantly for Chinese-European relations, Kangxi was interested in Western science, mathematics, and mechanical devices. (Ebrey, 224) Kangxi found ways to bring Western science to China through means such as Jesuit missionaries.
 ==References==

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:13, 7 April 2013
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	Ricci's missionary work in China is possibly one of the best examples of attempts to overtly meld western and eastern cultures. In many cases Ricci even came under criticism for his efforts in rationalizing the use of Confucianism for Europeans and more specifically as a way to enhance Catholicism for the Chinese. Many Europeans believed that Ricci was pandering to Confucian leaders instead of focusing on the missionary work he had been sent to perform.(Ricci, 660)		Ricci's missionary work in China is possibly one of the best examples of attempts to overtly meld western and eastern cultures. In many cases Ricci even came under criticism for his efforts in rationalizing the use of Confucianism for Europeans and more specifically as a way to enhance Catholicism for the Chinese. Many Europeans believed that Ricci was pandering to Confucian leaders instead of focusing on the missionary work he had been sent to perform.(Ricci, 660)
		+
		+	Despite the problems that Jesuit missionaries faced during the transition from the Ming to the Qin dynasty, they were able to gain favor once again under the rule of the second Ming emporor, Kangxi. Jesuits were even given appointments as directors over the Imperial board of Astronomy under Kangxi's rule. Kangxi issued an edict tolerating Christianity in China but revoked it after a confrontation with a Catholic legate Maillard de Tournon.

	==Chinese Porcelain==		==Chinese Porcelain==

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 [[File:China_Ming_1580.jpg |300px|right|thumb|Map of Ming Dynasty. Phono by Kallgan. Click [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:China_Ming_1580.jpg] for original source.]]
-The Ming Empire ruled china from 1368 - 1644. The Ming dynasty existed during a time of many international changes that affected the dynasty's stability, especially in the 17th century. Much of these changes that occurred in China were attributed to Europe's demand for Chinese silk and porcelain in exchange for silver. As a result, social and cultural norms were upset throughout China and the government was unable to maintain power as a result. In many ways towards the end of the Ming dynasty, the government acted as a hindrance to the progress that would have allowed the Ming Dynasty to succeed where it ended up eventually failing, such as withdrawing from maritime activities and scientific pursuits that it had excelled at for hundreds of years, relative to the European powers that were now learning to effectively utilize them.(Ebrey, 190-216)
+The Ming Empire ruled china from 1368 - 1644. The Ming dynasty existed during a time of many international changes that affected the dynasty's stability, especially in the 17th century. Much of these changes that occurred in China were attributed to Europe's demand for Chinese silk and porcelain in exchange for silver. As a result, social and cultural norms were upset throughout China and the government was unable to maintain power as a result. In many ways towards the end of the Ming dynasty, the government acted as a hindrance to the progress that would have allowed the Ming Dynasty to succeed where it ended up eventually failing, such as withdrawing from maritime activities and scientific pursuits that it had excelled at for hundreds of years, relative to the European powers that were now learning to effectively utilize them.(Ebrey, 190,216)
 ==Europe in the 17th Century==