20220630 Classics 1 - Revision history

Li Simin: /* 英语笔译李思敏 Li Simin 202170081574 MW */

2022-07-06T16:52:59Z

英语笔译李思敏 Li Simin 202170081574 MW

Li Simin: /* 英语笔译李思敏 Li Simin 202170081574 MW */

2022-07-06T16:50:05Z

英语笔译李思敏 Li Simin 202170081574 MW

Show changes

Li Yijia: /* References */

2022-07-06T06:14:56Z

References

Li Yijia: /* 英语笔译黎溢佳 Li Yijia 202170081573 CE */

2022-07-06T06:10:10Z

英语笔译黎溢佳 Li Yijia 202170081573 CE

Li Yijia: /* 英语笔译黎溢佳 Li Yijia 202170081573 CE */

2022-07-06T04:01:54Z

英语笔译黎溢佳 Li Yijia 202170081573 CE

He Lina: /* The Plight of Cultural Classics in China */

2022-07-05T15:37:15Z

The Plight of Cultural Classics in China

He Lina: /* The Plight of Chinese Classic Books in the West */

2022-07-05T15:27:08Z

The Plight of Chinese Classic Books in the West

He Lina: /* Theories and Literature Review */

2022-07-05T15:14:38Z

Theories and Literature Review

He Lina: /* Methods */

2022-07-05T14:54:30Z

Methods

Li Yijia: /* 英语笔译黎溢佳 Li Yijia 202170081573 CE */

2022-07-04T12:01:50Z

英语笔译黎溢佳 Li Yijia 202170081573 CE

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 Second, in the target text, the translation methods for grain production and processing terms are mainly transliteration, free translation, literal translation, literal translation and literal translation, and literal translation with explanation. What's more, free translation is the most frequently used translation methods. Therefore, in terms of translation, most of this translation of Tian Gong Kai Wu adopts the domestication translation strategy. Foreignization translation strategies have been adopted in the processing of some Chinese-specific cultural information.
-Key Words
+===Key Words===
 Agricultural terms; translation method; ''Tian Gong Kai Wu''; Chinese Sci-tech Classics; foreignization; domestication

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 ===References===
 ==英语笔译	李思敏	Li Simin	202170081574 MW==
 A Study on Translation Methods of Agricultural Terms in Chinese Sci-tech Classics —— A Case Study of Tian Gong Kai Wu

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 Translator Liu Yukun's capital accumulation is an important factor in the success of "The Three-Body Problem" in the United States. Generally speaking, the cultural capital of translators mainly includes excellent bilingual ability, full cross-cultural awareness, past translation experience and familiarity with related fields, etc. For the translation of "The Three-Body Problem",  Liu Yukun has unique advantages in the above aspects.
-Born in China in 1976, Liu Yukun moved to the United States at the age of 11, majoring in English literature and law at Harvard University. Currently he works as a programmer and lawyer in Boston, and writes science fiction in his spare time. He won the 2012 Hugo Award and the Nebula Award for Best Short Story for his novel The Paper Menagerie, and the 2013 Hugo Award for Best Short Story for his novel Mono no aware. In addition to science fiction creation, Liu Yukun is also a "bridgemaker" of Chinese and Western science fiction literature, translating many Chinese science fiction works into English. He won the 2012 Science Fiction and Fantasy Translation Awards for his translation of "The Fish of Lijiang". As a well-known science fiction writer, Liu Yukun has undoubtedly made the English version of "The Three-Body Problem" attract more attention from overseas markets.
+Born in China in 1976, Liu Yukun moved to the United States at the age of 11, majoring in English literature and law at Harvard University. Currently, he works as a programmer and lawyer in Boston and writes science fiction in his spare time. He won the 2012 Hugo Award and the Nebula Award for Best Short Story for his novel The Paper Menagerie, and the 2013 Hugo Award for Best Short Story for his novel Mono no aware. In addition to science fiction creation, Liu Yukun is also a "bridge maker" of Chinese and Western science fiction literature, translating many Chinese science fiction works into English. He won the 2012 Science Fiction and Fantasy Translation Awards for his translation of "The Fish of Lijiang". As a well-known science fiction writer, Liu Yukun has undoubtedly made the English version of "The Three-Body Problem" attract more attention from overseas markets.
 As a science fiction writer who has won the Hugo and Nebula Awards, Liu Yukun is the best choice for translating "The Three-Body Problem" in terms of language quality and professionalism. It has been proved true that in the purchase page of Amazon's English website "The Three-Body Problem", about half of the readers' comments on the work mentioned Liu Yukun's translation, and many readers thought that its translation is natural and fluent. It’s hard to believe that it is a translated work. The translation helped propel the series to global fame; Martin, who wrote the novels that were adapted into HBO's "Game of Thrones," praised it as "a breakthrough book" and "a worthy nominee" of the Hugo Award. (CNN)
-Joel Martinsen, the translator of "The Dark Forest", although neither Chinese nor science fiction writer, has a solid foundation in Chinese and English. He has read a large number of science fiction works and read all Chinese science fiction works since 2000, and many of the works he mentioned have not even been read by Liu Cixin. It is this high level of translators who ensures the high quality of the translations of the Trilogy.
+Joel Martinsen, the translator of "The Dark Forest", although neither a Chinese nor a science fiction writer, has a solid foundation in Chinese and English. He has read a large number of science fiction works and read all Chinese science fiction works since 2000, and many of the works he mentioned have not even been read by Liu Cixin. It is this high level of translators who ensures the high quality of the translations of the Trilogy.
 ==英语笔译	李思敏	Li Simin	202170081574 MW==
 A Study on Translation Methods of Agricultural Terms in Chinese Sci-tech Classics —— A Case Study of Tian Gong Kai Wu

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 On the popularity of The Three-Body Problem abroad
 ===Abstract===
-When it comes to China's literature in the past two years, one of the works that must be mentioned is the "The Three-Body Problem" trilogy by the famous Chinese science fiction writer Liu Cixin. In terms of its English edition alone, the first two installments of the trilogy have received widespread attention and acclaim from readers, mainstream media, and professionals in the English-speaking world, especially in the United States.
+When it comes to China's literary in the past two years, one of the works that must be mentioned is the "The Three-Body Problem" trilogy by the famous Chinese science fiction writer Liu Cixin. In terms of its English edition alone, the first two installments of the trilogy have received widespread attention and acclaim from readers, mainstream media and professionals in the English-speaking world, especially in the United States.
-This article explains the main reasons why the English translation of "The Three-Body Problem" is widely accepted in the United States from three aspects: the context of translation, the active role of the translation subject, and the translator's translation strategy. The study found that the improvement of China's international status, the vigorous development of Chinese science fiction literature, and the transformation of the American science fiction literature system have created a favorable context for the acceptance of "Three-Body" in the United States; Liu Yukun, a well-known publisher and translator, has played a necessary role in promoting the entry of "The Three-Body Problem" into the American science fiction literature system with their respective capitals; The translator Liu Yukun generally focused on retaining the original text of his opposite sex, but also took into account the readability of the translation with the help of sub-texts and other means, translating a practical journey of Chinese science fiction in the United States.
+This article explains the main reasons why the English translation of "The Three-Body Problem" is widely accepted in the United States from three aspects: the context of translation, the active role of the translation subject, and the translator's translation strategy. The study found that the improvement of China's international status, the vigorous development of Chinese science fiction literature, and the transformation of the American science fiction literature system have created a favorable context for the acceptance of "The Three-Body Problem" in the United States; Liu Yukun, a well-known publisher and translator, has played a necessary role in promoting the entry of "The Three-Body Problem" into the American science fiction literature system with their respective capitals; The translator Liu Yukun generally focused on retaining the original text of his opposite sex, but also took into account the readability of the translation with the help of sub-texts and other means, making the translation a practical Journey of Chinese science fiction in the United States.
 ===Key Words===
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 ===Literature Review===
 ==英语笔译	李思敏	Li Simin	202170081574 MW==
 A Study on Translation Methods of Agricultural Terms in Chinese Sci-tech Classics —— A Case Study of Tian Gong Kai Wu

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 ===The Plight of Cultural Classics in China===
 A country with strong cultural soft power must also have a high level of national cohesion, which  can effectively protect and preserve the cultural achievements of its predecessors, as well as generate heartfelt feelings of awe and care for all the cultural achievements of past people.  That is to say, cultural inheritance is of great significance. Reading classics is the first step in passing on culture. But in modern and contemporary China, people's enthusiasm for reading classics has always been low. Although the Chinese government has always included the study of classics in the curriculum of primary and secondary schools, these are mostly fragmented learning, and students' learning of classics is not comprehensive. Take college students for example. Although Chinese language is a compulsory subject for students, reading classics is not the main content of students' learning. According to a survey report on classic reading of college students, only 14.40% of them often read classic works, 84.10% read them occasionally, and 1.50% never read classics. (cf:Zhang Junxiong, 2022:87-89) It can be seen that as a group receiving higher education, college students still lack enthusiasm for reading classics. On this assumption, the number of people in China who insist on reading will only be smaller. Without reading classics, we cannot understand classics, nor can we understand the spiritual connotation behind classics, nor can we carry forward traditional Chinese culture.
-In addition, I logged on dangdang(当当网), a popular Chinese book sales website, and looked up the top 10 best-selling books in recent years. Only a few literary classics were on the list. In terms of the 2021 list, the number one book on the list is ''Counselling For Toads:A Psychological Adventure'' (a classic Introduction to Psychology in The UK), followed by ''Historical Records for Young Readers''《少年读史记》(a history book for children), and the third was ''Educated'', an autobiographical book about her family and education by US author Tara Westover. The rest of the top 20 included classics from the West, mystery novels from Japan and works by contemporary and contemporary Chinese authors. But traditional literary classics are nowhere to be seen. The second most popular book, Historical Records for Young Readers o, shows that some Chinese parents are consciously cultivating the habit of reading ancient literature in their students, but in general, the sales of cultural classics still account for a small proportion in the Chinese market as a whole.
+In addition, I logged on dangdang(当当网), a popular Chinese book sales website, and looked up the top 10 best-selling books in recent years. Only a few literary classics were on the list. In terms of the 2021 list, the number one book on the list is ''Counselling For Toads:A Psychological Adventure'' (a classic Introduction to Psychology in The UK), followed by ''Historical Records for Young Readers''《少年读史记》(a history book for children), and the third was ''Educated'', an autobiographical book about her family and education by US author Tara Westover. The rest of the top 20 included classics from the West, mystery novels from Japan and works by contemporary and contemporary Chinese authors. But traditional literary classics are nowhere to be seen. The second most popular book, Historical Records for Young Readers o, shows that some Chinese parents are consciously cultivating the habit of reading ancient literature in their students, but in general, the sales of cultural classics still account for a small proportion in the Chinese market as a whole.(dangdang.com)
 Such a situation is fatal to a country in urgent need of developing cultural soft power. If a country wants to develop its culture, it should first be based on its own country. If fewer and fewer Chinese read the classics, how can a country convince other nations that its own people do not value its own cultural heritage?

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 ===The Plight of Chinese Classic Books in the West===
 Acceptance of a certain culture will often cause psychological and emotional yearning, rational identification. Anything that comes from this culture has a certain influence. Obviously, the more widely a country's culture is spread, the greater its potential soft power is likely to be.But obviously Chinese cultural classics are far less influential in the international community than western literary works.
-According to current research, ancient Chinese cultural books were translated into European languages for the first time in 1592. Juan Cobo (1546-1592), a Spanish missionary, translated ''Ming Xin Bao Jian'' 《明心宝鉴》, a textbook for learning compiled by Fan Liben（范立本）, a Chinese scholar in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties, into Spanish for the first time. In modern China, we have been committed to introducing Chinese culture to the world. On October 15, 2014, General Secretary Xi Jinping（习近平） of China stressed at the Forum on Literature and Art Work held in Beijing that artists should tell China's stories well, spread China's voice well, and fully present China's image so that people around the world can better understand China through appreciating China's excellent literature. Supported by China's "going out" strategy, some Chinese classics have been successfully translated abroad, but these are rare cases. At the same time, there are several obvious problems in the translation and dissemination of classic books. Taking the Chinese-English version of The Great China Library as an example, literature accounts for 50% of the 110 classic books, followed by philosophy 19.1%, technology 13.6%, history 9.1% and military 8.2%. Second, the main composition of the translation is not reasonable. Besides,It shows that all the translations with wide influence outside the region are mainly written by western missionaries or Sinologists, and there are few works widely spread outside the region by domestic and local translators, especially in the modern and contemporary times, the translations with great influence outside the region are scarce. Some Domestic scholars conducted a survey on the sales of Chinese classics in 2019 on Amazon, the largest book sales website in the western world. The amazon website does not show sales volume, but only  review stars. The higher the star rating, the more popular the product. Among Chinese cultural classics on sale, ''the Art of War''《孙子兵法》, a classic Chinese military work written by Sun Wu（孙武）, a General of the State of Wu（吴国） who was originally from Le 'an(乐安), Qi（齐国） during the Spring and Autumn Period（春秋时期）, has the highest star rating of 7,763, while the second most popular book has only 740 stars. In addition, ''the Art of War'', the bestselling Chinese classic translation, ranks 532 among all books on Amazon. (c.f:Gu Chunjiang, 2020) This shows that, on the whole, the spread of Chinese cultural classics in the Western world is still in a small range, and the acceptance of Chinese classics in the western world is still at a low level.
+According to current research, ancient Chinese cultural books were translated into European languages for the first time in 1592. Juan Cobo (1546-1592), a Spanish missionary, translated ''Ming Xin Bao Jian'' 《明心宝鉴》, a textbook for learning compiled by Fan Liben（范立本）, a Chinese scholar in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties, into Spanish for the first time. In modern China, we have been committed to introducing Chinese culture to the world. On October 15, 2014, General Secretary Xi Jinping（习近平） of China stressed at the Forum on Literature and Art Work held in Beijing that artists should tell China's stories well, spread China's voice well, and fully present China's image so that people around the world can better understand China through appreciating China's excellent literature. Supported by China's "going out" strategy, some Chinese classics have been successfully translated abroad, but these are rare cases. At the same time, there are several obvious problems in the translation and dissemination of classic books. But it shows that all the translations with wide influence outside the region are mainly written by western missionaries or sinologists, and there are few works widely spread outside the region by domestic and local translators, especially in the modern and contemporary times, the translations with great influence outside the region are scarce. Some domestic scholars conducted a survey on the sales of Chinese classics in 2019 on Amazon, the largest book sales website in the western world. The amazon website does not show sales volume, but only  review stars. The higher the star rating, the more popular the product. Among Chinese cultural classics on sale, ''the Art of War''《孙子兵法》, a classic Chinese military work written by Sun Wu（孙武）, a General of the State of Wu（吴国） who was originally from Le 'an(乐安), Qi（齐国） during the Spring and Autumn Period（春秋时期）, has the highest star rating of 7,763, while the second most popular book has only 740 stars. In addition, ''the Art of War'', the bestselling Chinese classic translation, ranks 532 among all books on Amazon. (c.f:Gu Chunjiang, 2020) This shows that, on the whole, the spread of Chinese cultural classics in the Western world is still in a small range, and the acceptance of Chinese classics in the western world is still at a low level.
 Another problem with the dissemination of Chinese cultural classics is that many of the translations that are out there are not Chinese translations, but works of foreign translators. Similarly, according to the statistics of Amazon website, taking The Art of War as also an example, almost 90% of the translations on Amazon website are those of overseas Sinologists, while those of domestic translators only account for less than 2%. (c.f:Gu Chunjiang, 2020)Overseas Sinologists who understand the language style and culture of the target language country preference, will make western readers accept the Chinese classics, but they always not the first users of Chinese language. In the process of translation,  in order to make the western readers  adapt to the original culture, they will be more likely to lose the characteristics and flavor of the original works.The connotation of Chinese culture in the classics received by western readers will also deviate, which is detrimental to the external dissemination of Chinese cultural classics. That means that western people always understand Chinese classics and Chinese culture with their own wisdom, so such cultural communication is invalid in a sense, and the influence of Chinese culture can never reach the height of western culture.

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 Wang Huning regards culture itself as a kind of soft power through expressions such as "culture as soft power". (cf:Wang Huning,1993:91-96) Influenced by Joseph Nye, some scholars believe that culture is one of the important sources of soft power. Xu Wanxiao and Xu Fangxiong believe that cultural soft power should be derived from cultural resources, which can be divided into tangible cultural products such as movies, cultural heritage, food and intangible cultural concepts such as ideas, values and systems. (Xu Wanxiao, Xu Fangxiong, 2021) Wei Enzheng and his partners pointed out that cultural soft power refers to the internal cohesion, mobilization, spiritual power and external penetration, attraction and persuasion of a country's traditional culture, values, ideology and other cultural factors. (Wei Enzheng, Zhang Jin, 2009) From the Angle of the power form, Hong Xiaonan divided the soft power into five parts: powerful cohesion and centripetal force of the national culture to stimulate a country; national cultural attraction making other countries follow; cultural innovation to promote the development of a nation; national culture integration which organizes the cultural elements into the maximum organic effectiveness; the cultural radiation to correctly express intention of national culture to the world. (Hong Xiaonan, Qiu Jinying, Lin Dan, 2013)
 Redefining and summarizing the domestic scholars' views on soft power, Cai Libin and Wang Chenlin summed up China's "cultural soft power" : the definition of "cultural soft power" refers to a country or a nation's traditional culture, values, ideology, cultural resources or cultural factors such as internal cohesion and mobilization force, spirit power and external attraction and persuasion, influence and so on.(Cai Libin, Wang Chenlin,2020)
 ===Methods===

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 ===Methods===
-From the definition of cultural soft power, this paper qualitatively analyzes the internal and external difficulties encountered by Chinese cultural classics and Further discusses the reasons behind. Finally the paper tries to find some corresponding solutions from the author's own perspective.
+This article mainly obtains information by investigating the literature and querying the information on the Internet, so as to comprehensively and correctly understand the theories related to the soft power of culture and the difficulties that may be encountered in Chinese classics. At the same time, the author will further analyze what she has learned and thought.
 ===Chinese Cultural Classics and cultural soft power===

20220630 Classics 1 - Revision history

Li Simin: /* 英语笔译 李思敏 Li Simin 202170081574 MW */

Li Simin: /* 英语笔译 李思敏 Li Simin 202170081574 MW */

Li Yijia: /* References */

Li Yijia: /* 英语笔译 黎溢佳 Li Yijia 202170081573 CE */

Li Yijia: /* 英语笔译 黎溢佳 Li Yijia 202170081573 CE */

He Lina: /* The Plight of Cultural Classics in China */

He Lina: /* The Plight of Chinese Classic Books in the West */

He Lina: /* Theories and Literature Review */

He Lina: /* Methods */

Li Yijia: /* 英语笔译 黎溢佳 Li Yijia 202170081573 CE */

Li Simin: /* 英语笔译李思敏 Li Simin 202170081574 MW */

Li Simin: /* 英语笔译李思敏 Li Simin 202170081574 MW */

Li Yijia: /* 英语笔译黎溢佳 Li Yijia 202170081573 CE */

Li Yijia: /* 英语笔译黎溢佳 Li Yijia 202170081573 CE */

Li Yijia: /* 英语笔译黎溢佳 Li Yijia 202170081573 CE */