https://bou.de/u/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=20230630_final_exam_culture_09 2026-04-07T11:04:37Z Revision history for this page on the wiki MediaWiki 1.35.14 https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20230630_final_exam_culture_09&diff=156300&oldid=prev 2023-07-10T13:01:56Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Wang Xinpeng 王鑫鹏 Technology: PC games in China</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:01, 10 July 2023</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l86" >Line 86:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 86:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Wang Xinpeng 王鑫鹏 Technology: PC games in China==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Wang Xinpeng 王鑫鹏 Technology: PC games in China==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Wang Xinpeng 202130092301 Translation and Interpreting Class===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Wang Xinpeng 202130092301 Translation and Interpreting Class===</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===(This paper was completely written by my own, no references was included.)===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===(This paper was completely written by my own, no references was included.)===</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">===Abstract===</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">This article reviews the development history of Chinese PC games in the past few decades, and tries to find a new direction for the future development of Chinese PC games by exploring the Chinese characteristics in PC games around the world.</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">===Key words===</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">China; Chinese games; PC games</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Introduction===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Introduction===</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l105" >Line 105:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 112:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Some exanples of Chinese high-quality computer games===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Some exanples of Chinese high-quality computer games===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In the early days of independent game development in China, game developers, like their foreign counterparts, devoted themselves to finding game ideas our history, and the most well-known of the games thus produced is the ''Chinese Paladin: Sword and Fairy series'', which was produced and published by Taiwan's Softstar released in 1995, and it is the longest-running computer game IP in China. Today, the series covers not only games, but also TV series, comics, novels and so on. The series is based on ancient Chinese mythology and immortal stories, building a huge fantasy world, and the game characters it portrays have become valuable memories for its players. In recent years, Chinese computer games are no longer limited to looking at the past for inspiration, but look at the present and the future, too. And developers are also seeking to use different methods to present games with a unique Chinese charm to players from all over the world. ''Amazing Cultivation Simulator'' vividly shows the establishment of an immortal cultivation sect from scratch through pixel-style graphics and a large number of texts with ancient Chinese styles.''Chinese Parents'' simulates the whole process of a Chinese child from birth to college entrance examination, and explores the shortcomings of Chinese family education and various aspects of Chinese society; ''Dyson Sphere Program'' looks at the universe and the future, with its interesting gameplay and stunning graphics, has won the love of players all over the world and is called the Wandering Earth of the game world. The release of the video of ''Black Myth: Wukong'' has even made people exclaim that &quot;China's first 3A game is coming&quot;. In the future, with the continuous progress of China's technology, economy and society, I believe the future of Chinese computer games will be even better.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In the early days of independent game development in China, game developers, like their foreign counterparts, devoted themselves to finding game ideas our history, and the most well-known of the games thus produced is the ''Chinese Paladin: Sword and Fairy series'', which was produced and published by Taiwan's Softstar released in 1995, and it is the longest-running computer game IP in China. Today, the series covers not only games, but also TV series, comics, novels and so on. The series is based on ancient Chinese mythology and immortal stories, building a huge fantasy world, and the game characters it portrays have become valuable memories for its players. In recent years, Chinese computer games are no longer limited to looking at the past for inspiration, but look at the present and the future, too. And developers are also seeking to use different methods to present games with a unique Chinese charm to players from all over the world. ''Amazing Cultivation Simulator'' vividly shows the establishment of an immortal cultivation sect from scratch through pixel-style graphics and a large number of texts with ancient Chinese styles.''Chinese Parents'' simulates the whole process of a Chinese child from birth to college entrance examination, and explores the shortcomings of Chinese family education and various aspects of Chinese society; ''Dyson Sphere Program'' looks at the universe and the future, with its interesting gameplay and stunning graphics, has won the love of players all over the world and is called the Wandering Earth of the game world. The release of the video of ''Black Myth: Wukong'' has even made people exclaim that &quot;China's first 3A game is coming&quot;. In the future, with the continuous progress of China's technology, economy and society, I believe the future of Chinese computer games will be even better.</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">===摘要===</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">本文回顾了中国电脑游戏过去几十年来发展的历史，并试图通过探索电脑游戏中的中国元素，为未来中国电脑游戏的发展找到新方向。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">===关键词===</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">中国；中国游戏；电脑游戏</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===介绍===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===介绍===</div></td></tr> </table>

Wang Xinpeng https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20230630_final_exam_culture_09&diff=156292&oldid=prev 2023-07-10T12:53:29Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">This paper was completely written by my own, no references was included.</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:53, 10 July 2023</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l86" >Line 86:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 86:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Wang Xinpeng 王鑫鹏 Technology: PC games in China==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Wang Xinpeng 王鑫鹏 Technology: PC games in China==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Wang Xinpeng 202130092301 Translation and Interpreting Class===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Wang Xinpeng 202130092301 Translation and Interpreting Class===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===This paper was completely written by my own, no references was included.===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(</ins>This paper was completely written by my own, no references was included.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">)</ins>===</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Introduction===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Introduction===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>China has a huge and prosperous mobile game market, with games such as ''Glory of Kings'' and ''Genshin Impact'' generating huge profits every year. In contrast, China's computer game market, which is the PC game market in short, really looks bleak. Compared with Europe, America and Japan, where 3A games are frequently produced and classic IPs are constantly played, China's PC games also seem to be stretched to the limit. So, what exactly are the reason for this situation today? Let's go back in time and explore the history of PC games.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>China has a huge and prosperous mobile game market, with games such as ''Glory of Kings'' and ''Genshin Impact'' generating huge profits every year. In contrast, China's computer game market, which is the PC game market in short, really looks bleak. Compared with Europe, America and Japan, where 3A games are frequently produced and classic IPs are constantly played, China's PC games also seem to be stretched to the limit. So, what exactly are the reason for this situation today? Let's go back in time and explore the history of PC games.</div></td></tr> </table>

Wang Xinpeng https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20230630_final_exam_culture_09&diff=156291&oldid=prev 2023-07-10T12:52:33Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Wang Xinpeng 王鑫鹏 Technology: PC games in China</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:52, 10 July 2023</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l86" >Line 86:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 86:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Wang Xinpeng 王鑫鹏 Technology: PC games in China==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Wang Xinpeng 王鑫鹏 Technology: PC games in China==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Wang Xinpeng 202130092301 Translation and Interpreting Class===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Wang Xinpeng 202130092301 Translation and Interpreting Class===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">===This paper was completely written by my own, no references was included.===</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Introduction===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Introduction===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>China has a huge and prosperous mobile game market, with games such as ''Glory of Kings'' and ''Genshin Impact'' generating huge profits every year. In contrast, China's computer game market, which is the PC game market in short, really looks bleak. Compared with Europe, America and Japan, where 3A games are frequently produced and classic IPs are constantly played, China's PC games also seem to be stretched to the limit. So, what exactly are the reason for this situation today? Let's go back in time and explore the history of PC games.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>China has a huge and prosperous mobile game market, with games such as ''Glory of Kings'' and ''Genshin Impact'' generating huge profits every year. In contrast, China's computer game market, which is the PC game market in short, really looks bleak. Compared with Europe, America and Japan, where 3A games are frequently produced and classic IPs are constantly played, China's PC games also seem to be stretched to the limit. So, what exactly are the reason for this situation today? Let's go back in time and explore the history of PC games.</div></td></tr> </table>

Wang Xinpeng https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20230630_final_exam_culture_09&diff=156286&oldid=prev 2023-07-10T12:44:05Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Ding Qian 丁倩 Traditional Cuisine: Sugar Figurine</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:44, 10 July 2023</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l25" >Line 25:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 25:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Types of sugar figurine===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Types of sugar figurine===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Making sugar figurine is a traditional Chinese folk handicraft. Sugar is made by heating sucrose and maltose, and various shapes are made of boiled sucrose or maltose. Seemingly simple, but in fact complex, the control of fire is inseparable from the accumulation of experience. If the fire is too hot, it will be too thin and easily deformed; if it is cold, it will be too hard and cannot be shaped. Sugar figurine come in a variety of shapes,, including flowers and animals, pagodas and mythological figures, all of which are inscribed with people's expectations of good luck and the pursuit of a happy life. According to the production process, there are three types of sugar figurine: sugar shaping, sugar painting and blowing sugar. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(Baidu Encyclopedia: Sugar figurine)</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Making sugar figurine is a traditional Chinese folk handicraft. Sugar is made by heating sucrose and maltose, and various shapes are made of boiled sucrose or maltose. Seemingly simple, but in fact complex, the control of fire is inseparable from the accumulation of experience. If the fire is too hot, it will be too thin and easily deformed; if it is cold, it will be too hard and cannot be shaped. Sugar figurine come in a variety of shapes,, including flowers and animals, pagodas and mythological figures, all of which are inscribed with people's expectations of good luck and the pursuit of a happy life. According to the production process, there are three types of sugar figurine: sugar shaping, sugar painting and blowing sugar.  </div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>制作糖人是一种中国民间传统手工艺。糖料由蔗糖和麦芽糖加热调制而成，用熬化的蔗糖或麦芽糖做成的各种造型。看似简单，实则复杂，火候的控制离不开经验的积累，过热则太稀易变形，冷了又会太硬无法塑形。糖人造型丰富多样，有花草鸟兽，罗汉宝塔，也有神话人物，但无一例外都寄托了人们对吉祥如意的期许和幸福生活的追求。糖人按制作工艺可分为三种：塑糖人、画糖人和吹糖人。<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(百度百科：糖人）</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>制作糖人是一种中国民间传统手工艺。糖料由蔗糖和麦芽糖加热调制而成，用熬化的蔗糖或麦芽糖做成的各种造型。看似简单，实则复杂，火候的控制离不开经验的积累，过热则太稀易变形，冷了又会太硬无法塑形。糖人造型丰富多样，有花草鸟兽，罗汉宝塔，也有神话人物，但无一例外都寄托了人们对吉祥如意的期许和幸福生活的追求。糖人按制作工艺可分为三种：塑糖人、画糖人和吹糖人。</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(1)Sugar shaping====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(1)Sugar shaping====</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Sugar shaping is the simplest of the three, and the requirements of the craftsman are not very high. A set of molds, a portion of sugar is enough. Because it is with the help of mold, so the shapes is slightly single, there are arhat, god of wealth, lion, pagoda and other shapes. (Baidu Encyclopedia: Sugar figurine)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Sugar shaping is the simplest of the three, and the requirements of the craftsman are not very high. A set of molds, a portion of sugar is enough. Because it is with the help of mold, so the shapes is slightly single, there are arhat, god of wealth, lion, pagoda and other shapes. (Baidu Encyclopedia: Sugar figurine)</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l32" >Line 32:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 32:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(2)Sugar painting====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(2)Sugar painting====</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Sugar painting, as the name implies, is painting with sugar. Sugar painting uses a spoon as the brush, sugar as the ink, and marble as the paper. Sugar painting looks like a painting and tastes delicious. Sugar painting demands a higher level of skill and constant learning and operating than sugar shaping. The slabs for sugar painting  are mostly made of smooth marble, and a layer of oil is laid on the slabs to prevent the sugar painting from sticking to the slabs. The subjects of sugar painting are also extensive, from the character to the novel and opera, from birds and beasts to the figures and flowers. Among them, the sugar paintings of people and animals are the most interesting. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(Baidu Encyclopedia: Sugar figurine)</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Sugar painting, as the name implies, is painting with sugar. Sugar painting uses a spoon as the brush, sugar as the ink, and marble as the paper. Sugar painting looks like a painting and tastes delicious. Sugar painting demands a higher level of skill and constant learning and operating than sugar shaping. The slabs for sugar painting  are mostly made of smooth marble, and a layer of oil is laid on the slabs to prevent the sugar painting from sticking to the slabs. The subjects of sugar painting are also extensive, from the character to the novel and opera, from birds and beasts to the figures and flowers. Among them, the sugar paintings of people and animals are the most interesting.  </div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>画糖人，顾名思义就是以糖作画，也称“糖画”。糖画以勺为笔，以糖为墨，以板为纸，观之若画，食之有味。画糖人较塑糖人需要更高的技艺，不断的学习与操作。画糖人多在大理石板上进行，制作时还需铺上一层油，防止糖画与石板粘连。画糖人的题材也广泛，从文字到小说戏曲，从飞禽走兽到人物花果。 其中，人物和动物的糖画最是妙趣横生。<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(百度百科：糖人）</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>画糖人，顾名思义就是以糖作画，也称“糖画”。糖画以勺为笔，以糖为墨，以板为纸，观之若画，食之有味。画糖人较塑糖人需要更高的技艺，不断的学习与操作。画糖人多在大理石板上进行，制作时还需铺上一层油，防止糖画与石板粘连。画糖人的题材也广泛，从文字到小说戏曲，从飞禽走兽到人物花果。 其中，人物和动物的糖画最是妙趣横生。</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Exquisite sugar painting is not easy to come by. The proportion of sugar, the heat of the pot, and the stirring of the spoon are all essential. When the sugar is golden brown in the pot and starts boiling with crystal bubbles is the time to stop heating. At this point, the sugar is ready to be used to draw the pattern. The craftsman will quickly scoop up the sugar with a spoon and move quickly with the spoon in his right hand to draw the pattern on the slabs. Since the sugar will solidify quickly, the craftsman must have a clear idea of the pattern he intends to draw and must draw it in one stroke with a quick eye and hand. After the pattern of sugar painting is completed, a bamboo stick is used to stick the sugar painting while it is still fresh, and then the sugar painting will be separated from the slab before it is finished. (Baidu Encyclopedia: Sugar figurine)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Exquisite sugar painting is not easy to come by. The proportion of sugar, the heat of the pot, and the stirring of the spoon are all essential. When the sugar is golden brown in the pot and starts boiling with crystal bubbles is the time to stop heating. At this point, the sugar is ready to be used to draw the pattern. The craftsman will quickly scoop up the sugar with a spoon and move quickly with the spoon in his right hand to draw the pattern on the slabs. Since the sugar will solidify quickly, the craftsman must have a clear idea of the pattern he intends to draw and must draw it in one stroke with a quick eye and hand. After the pattern of sugar painting is completed, a bamboo stick is used to stick the sugar painting while it is still fresh, and then the sugar painting will be separated from the slab before it is finished. (Baidu Encyclopedia: Sugar figurine)</div></td></tr> </table>

Ding Qian https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20230630_final_exam_culture_09&diff=156285&oldid=prev 2023-07-10T12:40:55Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Ding Qian 丁倩 Traditional Cuisine: Sugar Figurine</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:40, 10 July 2023</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l21" >Line 21:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 21:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===The origin of sugar figurine===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===The origin of sugar figurine===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is said that the sugar figurine was invented by Liu Bowen, the most ingenious minister of the Ming Dynasty (around the time of the Western Renaissance), and has a history of more than 600 years. The founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, in order to ensure that his descendants would be rulers for thousands of years and the Zhu family would last for thousands of generations, burning the &quot;Court of Merit&quot; to kill meritorious officials. Liu Bowen was saved by an old man selling sugar on Liu’s way to escape, by exchanging their clothes. In order to cover his tracks, Liu carried a sugar stretcher through the streets and alleys every day. With his ingenuity, Liu made sugar figurine in varying shapes after the sugar was heated and softened, which were of great popularity for both eating and watching. He taught this craft to the people, and since then the figure of the craftsman of sugar figurine and the sound of hawking became an inseparable scene in the streets and alleys.(Nie Xiangzhen,Shen Liyuan 2017)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is said that the sugar figurine was invented by Liu Bowen, the most ingenious minister of the Ming Dynasty (around the time of the Western Renaissance), and has a history of more than 600 years. The founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, in order to ensure that his descendants would be rulers for thousands of years and the Zhu family would last for thousands of generations, burning the &quot;Court of Merit&quot; to kill meritorious officials. Liu Bowen was saved by an old man selling sugar on Liu’s way to escape, by exchanging their clothes. In order to cover his tracks, Liu carried a sugar stretcher through the streets and alleys every day. With his ingenuity, Liu made sugar figurine in varying shapes after the sugar was heated and softened, which were of great popularity for both eating and watching. He taught this craft to the people, and since then the figure of the craftsman of sugar figurine and the sound of hawking became an inseparable scene in the streets and alleys. (Nie Xiangzhen,Shen Liyuan 2017)</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>相传，糖人是由大明第一谋臣刘伯温发明的，距今已有600多年的历史。明朝的开国皇帝朱元璋为了确保子孙万世为君，朱家江山千秋万代，火烧“功臣阁”坑杀功臣猛将。刘伯温逃跑途中被一位卖糖老人救下。刘伯温为掩人耳目，从此每天背着糖担子穿行大街小巷。刘伯温凭借其聪明才智，在糖加热变软后，制作出形状各异的糖人，既可吃，亦可观，深受大众喜爱。他将这门手艺传授出去，自此有糖人担子的身影和叫卖声成了街头巷尾的必不可少的一幕。(聂相珍,申丽媛 2017）</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>相传，糖人是由大明第一谋臣刘伯温发明的，距今已有600多年的历史。明朝的开国皇帝朱元璋为了确保子孙万世为君，朱家江山千秋万代，火烧“功臣阁”坑杀功臣猛将。刘伯温逃跑途中被一位卖糖老人救下。刘伯温为掩人耳目，从此每天背着糖担子穿行大街小巷。刘伯温凭借其聪明才智，在糖加热变软后，制作出形状各异的糖人，既可吃，亦可观，深受大众喜爱。他将这门手艺传授出去，自此有糖人担子的身影和叫卖声成了街头巷尾的必不可少的一幕。(聂相珍,申丽媛 2017）</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l39" >Line 39:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 39:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(3)Blowing sugar====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(3)Blowing sugar====</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The blowing sugar is derived from sugar painting . The craftsman heats the sugar in a small charcoal stove to a suitable temperature. Taking one part of the sugar and kneading it in the hands to a certain extent, the craftsman then presses a deep pit with a small amount of starch on his index finger to make the shape of a bag. The craftsman then quickly pulls out a thin, hollow sugar tube and immediately blow into it, at which point the sugar will gradually inflame like a balloon. It is time for craftsmen to make shapes. They have to grasp the flow of blowing and the strength of pinching, coupled with dexterity and versatility, and delicate and vibrant shapes are born in the hands, such as the Monkey King, Pigsy, the Golden Cockerel Dawns, the fish leap Dragon Gate.(Sugar figurines: The sweet blows of traditional folk art)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The blowing sugar is derived from sugar painting . The craftsman heats the sugar in a small charcoal stove to a suitable temperature. Taking one part of the sugar and kneading it in the hands to a certain extent, the craftsman then presses a deep pit with a small amount of starch on his index finger to make the shape of a bag. The craftsman then quickly pulls out a thin, hollow sugar tube and immediately blow into it, at which point the sugar will gradually inflame like a balloon. It is time for craftsmen to make shapes. They have to grasp the flow of blowing and the strength of pinching, coupled with dexterity and versatility, and delicate and vibrant shapes are born in the hands, such as the Monkey King, Pigsy, the Golden Cockerel Dawns, the fish leap Dragon Gate. (Sugar figurines: The sweet blows of traditional folk art)</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>吹糖人是在画糖人的基础上衍生出来的。手艺人将糖在木炭炉中加热到适宜的温度，取其中一部分，在手上揉搓，揉搓到一定程度，就用食指沾上少量淀粉压一个深坑，做成袋子的形状，迅速拉出一条细长中空的糖管，马上对其吹一口气，这时的糖浆就会如同气球一样渐渐膨胀起来。这就是手艺人制作造型的黄金时期了，把握好吹的流速和捏的力度，加上灵巧多变的手法，一个个精美可爱，栩栩如生的形状就在手中诞生，如孙悟空、猪八戒、金鸡报晓、鱼跃龙门。(糖人：民间老行当“吹”出甜蜜记忆)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>吹糖人是在画糖人的基础上衍生出来的。手艺人将糖在木炭炉中加热到适宜的温度，取其中一部分，在手上揉搓，揉搓到一定程度，就用食指沾上少量淀粉压一个深坑，做成袋子的形状，迅速拉出一条细长中空的糖管，马上对其吹一口气，这时的糖浆就会如同气球一样渐渐膨胀起来。这就是手艺人制作造型的黄金时期了，把握好吹的流速和捏的力度，加上灵巧多变的手法，一个个精美可爱，栩栩如生的形状就在手中诞生，如孙悟空、猪八戒、金鸡报晓、鱼跃龙门。(糖人：民间老行当“吹”出甜蜜记忆)</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===The cultural meaning of Sugar Figure===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===The cultural meaning of Sugar Figure===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The small sugar figurine contains the diligence and wisdom of the Chinese people for thousands of years and carries countless cultures and histories. In ancient times, the sugar figurine was used as an auspicious symbol because sugar was not easy to preserve. Sugar was often made into the shape of human who appeared as the incarnation of divine beings or heroes in ancient mythology. Later in folklore, sugar figurines were also made into statues of gods or ancestors for the blessing. Sugar figurines give us a glimpse into the minds of our ancestors, leaving behind a rich and fanciful imagination. The expectations for a better life, the yearning for sweetness and the pursuit of beauty contained within them also resonate with our hearts across time.(Yan Ya'nan 2015)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The small sugar figurine contains the diligence and wisdom of the Chinese people for thousands of years and carries countless cultures and histories. In ancient times, the sugar figurine was used as an auspicious symbol because sugar was not easy to preserve. Sugar was often made into the shape of human who appeared as the incarnation of divine beings or heroes in ancient mythology. Later in folklore, sugar figurines were also made into statues of gods or ancestors for the blessing. Sugar figurines give us a glimpse into the minds of our ancestors, leaving behind a rich and fanciful imagination. The expectations for a better life, the yearning for sweetness and the pursuit of beauty contained within them also resonate with our hearts across time. (Yan Ya'nan 2015)</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>糖人虽小,却蕴含着中国人千百年来的勤劳与智慧，承载无数的文化与历史。在古代，由于糖不易保存，所以糖人是作为一种吉祥物来使用的。在古代神话中常有以糖塑作人形，作为神仙或英雄的化身而出现的神话人物或历史人物。后来在民间也有将糖塑作为神灵或祖先像供奉之用，以求神灵赐福，祖宗保佑。糖人让我们得以窥见先辈们的积极思想，留下丰富和美好的想象。其中蕴含的对美好生活的期待，对甜蜜的向往，对美的追求也让我们的跨越千年的心产生共鸣。（闫亚楠 2015）</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>糖人虽小,却蕴含着中国人千百年来的勤劳与智慧，承载无数的文化与历史。在古代，由于糖不易保存，所以糖人是作为一种吉祥物来使用的。在古代神话中常有以糖塑作人形，作为神仙或英雄的化身而出现的神话人物或历史人物。后来在民间也有将糖塑作为神灵或祖先像供奉之用，以求神灵赐福，祖宗保佑。糖人让我们得以窥见先辈们的积极思想，留下丰富和美好的想象。其中蕴含的对美好生活的期待，对甜蜜的向往，对美的追求也让我们的跨越千年的心产生共鸣。（闫亚楠 2015）</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> </table>

Ding Qian https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20230630_final_exam_culture_09&diff=156283&oldid=prev 2023-07-10T12:40:09Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Ding Qian 丁倩 Traditional Cuisine: Sugar Figurine</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:40, 10 July 2023</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l17" >Line 17:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 17:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Introduction===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Introduction===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Among the five tastes, sour, sweet, bitter, spicy and salty, sweet has been loved and pursued by people throughout the ages. In China, there are records related to sugar in the Western Zhou Dynasty(1045 BC-771 BC), when sugar was called yi, commonly known as malt sugar. The real production of sugar began in the Tang Dynasty(618-907). Tang Emperor Taizong (he was called Li Shimin, the second emperor of the Tang Dynasty, who laid a solid foundation for the development and prosperity of the Tang Dynasty) learned that ancient India was ahead of the world in sugar production, and dispatched an emissary to India to learn the method of boiling sugar. Since the Tang Dynasty, the people of ancient times researched the process of decolorizing sugar and continuously improved the technology to achieve mass production. With the development and popularity of sugar production, numerous varieties of sugar products emerged, and at the same time, the craft of sugar figurine could be developed. (Baidu <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Baike</del>: <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">suagr</del>)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Among the five tastes, sour, sweet, bitter, spicy and salty, sweet has been loved and pursued by people throughout the ages. In China, there are records related to sugar in the Western Zhou Dynasty(1045 BC-771 BC), when sugar was called yi, commonly known as malt sugar. The real production of sugar began in the Tang Dynasty(618-907). Tang Emperor Taizong (he was called Li Shimin, the second emperor of the Tang Dynasty, who laid a solid foundation for the development and prosperity of the Tang Dynasty) learned that ancient India was ahead of the world in sugar production, and dispatched an emissary to India to learn the method of boiling sugar. Since the Tang Dynasty, the people of ancient times researched the process of decolorizing sugar and continuously improved the technology to achieve mass production. With the development and popularity of sugar production, numerous varieties of sugar products emerged, and at the same time, the craft of sugar figurine could be developed. (Baidu <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Encyclopedia</ins>: <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Suagr</ins>)</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>酸甜苦辣咸”五味之中，甜味古往今来都为人们喜爱和追求。中国西周时期就有与糖相关的记载，那时的糖叫做“饴”，俗称麦芽糖。而真正的制糖始于唐朝。唐太宗了解到古印度的制糖术领先世界，便派遣使者去印度学习熬糖法。自唐代以后，古人研究出糖的脱色工艺，并不断提升技术实现量产。随着制糖的发展与普及，各类糖产品层出不穷，同时糖人手工艺得以发展。（百度百科：糖）</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>酸甜苦辣咸”五味之中，甜味古往今来都为人们喜爱和追求。中国西周时期就有与糖相关的记载，那时的糖叫做“饴”，俗称麦芽糖。而真正的制糖始于唐朝。唐太宗了解到古印度的制糖术领先世界，便派遣使者去印度学习熬糖法。自唐代以后，古人研究出糖的脱色工艺，并不断提升技术实现量产。随着制糖的发展与普及，各类糖产品层出不穷，同时糖人手工艺得以发展。（百度百科：糖）</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l25" >Line 25:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 25:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Types of sugar figurine===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Types of sugar figurine===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Making sugar figurine is a traditional Chinese folk handicraft. Sugar is made by heating sucrose and maltose, and various shapes are made of boiled sucrose or maltose. Seemingly simple, but in fact complex, the control of fire is inseparable from the accumulation of experience. If the fire is too hot, it will be too thin and easily deformed; if it is cold, it will be too hard and cannot be shaped. Sugar figurine come in a variety of shapes,, including flowers and animals, pagodas and mythological figures, all of which are inscribed with people's expectations of good luck and the pursuit of a happy life. According to the production process, there are three types of sugar figurine: sugar shaping, sugar painting and blowing sugar. (Baidu <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Baike</del>: Sugar figurine)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Making sugar figurine is a traditional Chinese folk handicraft. Sugar is made by heating sucrose and maltose, and various shapes are made of boiled sucrose or maltose. Seemingly simple, but in fact complex, the control of fire is inseparable from the accumulation of experience. If the fire is too hot, it will be too thin and easily deformed; if it is cold, it will be too hard and cannot be shaped. Sugar figurine come in a variety of shapes,, including flowers and animals, pagodas and mythological figures, all of which are inscribed with people's expectations of good luck and the pursuit of a happy life. According to the production process, there are three types of sugar figurine: sugar shaping, sugar painting and blowing sugar. (Baidu <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Encyclopedia</ins>: Sugar figurine)</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>制作糖人是一种中国民间传统手工艺。糖料由蔗糖和麦芽糖加热调制而成，用熬化的蔗糖或麦芽糖做成的各种造型。看似简单，实则复杂，火候的控制离不开经验的积累，过热则太稀易变形，冷了又会太硬无法塑形。糖人造型丰富多样，有花草鸟兽，罗汉宝塔，也有神话人物，但无一例外都寄托了人们对吉祥如意的期许和幸福生活的追求。糖人按制作工艺可分为三种：塑糖人、画糖人和吹糖人。(百度百科：糖人）</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>制作糖人是一种中国民间传统手工艺。糖料由蔗糖和麦芽糖加热调制而成，用熬化的蔗糖或麦芽糖做成的各种造型。看似简单，实则复杂，火候的控制离不开经验的积累，过热则太稀易变形，冷了又会太硬无法塑形。糖人造型丰富多样，有花草鸟兽，罗汉宝塔，也有神话人物，但无一例外都寄托了人们对吉祥如意的期许和幸福生活的追求。糖人按制作工艺可分为三种：塑糖人、画糖人和吹糖人。(百度百科：糖人）</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(1)Sugar shaping====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(1)Sugar shaping====</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Sugar shaping is the simplest of the three, and the requirements of the craftsman are not very high. A set of molds, a portion of sugar is enough. Because it is with the help of mold, so the shapes is slightly single, there are arhat, god of wealth, lion, pagoda and other shapes. (Baidu <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Baike</del>: Sugar figurine)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Sugar shaping is the simplest of the three, and the requirements of the craftsman are not very high. A set of molds, a portion of sugar is enough. Because it is with the help of mold, so the shapes is slightly single, there are arhat, god of wealth, lion, pagoda and other shapes. (Baidu <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Encyclopedia</ins>: Sugar figurine)</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>塑糖人是三种技艺当中最简单的一种，对手艺人的要求并不是很高。模具一套，糖稀一份就足以。因为是借助模具，所以造型略显单一，有罗汉、财神、狮子、宝塔等造型。(百度百科：糖人）</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>塑糖人是三种技艺当中最简单的一种，对手艺人的要求并不是很高。模具一套，糖稀一份就足以。因为是借助模具，所以造型略显单一，有罗汉、财神、狮子、宝塔等造型。(百度百科：糖人）</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(2)Sugar painting====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(2)Sugar painting====</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Sugar painting, as the name implies, is painting with sugar. Sugar painting uses a spoon as the brush, sugar as the ink, and marble as the paper. Sugar painting looks like a painting and tastes delicious. Sugar painting demands a higher level of skill and constant learning and operating than sugar shaping. The slabs for sugar painting  are mostly made of smooth marble, and a layer of oil is laid on the slabs to prevent the sugar painting from sticking to the slabs. The subjects of sugar painting are also extensive, from the character to the novel and opera, from birds and beasts to the figures and flowers. Among them, the sugar paintings of people and animals are the most interesting. (Baidu <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Baike</del>: Sugar figurine)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Sugar painting, as the name implies, is painting with sugar. Sugar painting uses a spoon as the brush, sugar as the ink, and marble as the paper. Sugar painting looks like a painting and tastes delicious. Sugar painting demands a higher level of skill and constant learning and operating than sugar shaping. The slabs for sugar painting  are mostly made of smooth marble, and a layer of oil is laid on the slabs to prevent the sugar painting from sticking to the slabs. The subjects of sugar painting are also extensive, from the character to the novel and opera, from birds and beasts to the figures and flowers. Among them, the sugar paintings of people and animals are the most interesting. (Baidu <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Encyclopedia</ins>: Sugar figurine)</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>画糖人，顾名思义就是以糖作画，也称“糖画”。糖画以勺为笔，以糖为墨，以板为纸，观之若画，食之有味。画糖人较塑糖人需要更高的技艺，不断的学习与操作。画糖人多在大理石板上进行，制作时还需铺上一层油，防止糖画与石板粘连。画糖人的题材也广泛，从文字到小说戏曲，从飞禽走兽到人物花果。 其中，人物和动物的糖画最是妙趣横生。(百度百科：糖人）</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>画糖人，顾名思义就是以糖作画，也称“糖画”。糖画以勺为笔，以糖为墨，以板为纸，观之若画，食之有味。画糖人较塑糖人需要更高的技艺，不断的学习与操作。画糖人多在大理石板上进行，制作时还需铺上一层油，防止糖画与石板粘连。画糖人的题材也广泛，从文字到小说戏曲，从飞禽走兽到人物花果。 其中，人物和动物的糖画最是妙趣横生。(百度百科：糖人）</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Exquisite sugar painting is not easy to come by. The proportion of sugar, the heat of the pot, and the stirring of the spoon are all essential. When the sugar is golden brown in the pot and starts boiling with crystal bubbles is the time to stop heating. At this point, the sugar is ready to be used to draw the pattern. The craftsman will quickly scoop up the sugar with a spoon and move quickly with the spoon in his right hand to draw the pattern on the slabs. Since the sugar will solidify quickly, the craftsman must have a clear idea of the pattern he intends to draw and must draw it in one stroke with a quick eye and hand. After the pattern of sugar painting is completed, a bamboo stick is used to stick the sugar painting while it is still fresh, and then the sugar painting will be separated from the slab before it is finished. (Baidu <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Baike</del>: Sugar figurine)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Exquisite sugar painting is not easy to come by. The proportion of sugar, the heat of the pot, and the stirring of the spoon are all essential. When the sugar is golden brown in the pot and starts boiling with crystal bubbles is the time to stop heating. At this point, the sugar is ready to be used to draw the pattern. The craftsman will quickly scoop up the sugar with a spoon and move quickly with the spoon in his right hand to draw the pattern on the slabs. Since the sugar will solidify quickly, the craftsman must have a clear idea of the pattern he intends to draw and must draw it in one stroke with a quick eye and hand. After the pattern of sugar painting is completed, a bamboo stick is used to stick the sugar painting while it is still fresh, and then the sugar painting will be separated from the slab before it is finished. (Baidu <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Encyclopedia</ins>: Sugar figurine)</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>精美的糖画来之不易，糖的比例、锅的火候，勺的搅拌，缺一不可。待糖浆在锅中呈金黄色，开始沸腾，冒出晶莹的气泡时停火。这时的糖浆就可以用于绘制了，手艺人要飞快的用勺子挖取糖浆，右手拿勺飞速移动，在石板上浇绘出图案。因为糖浆很快会凝固，所以手艺人必须对自己想绘制的图案胸有成竹，绘制时得眼明手快，一气呵成。糖画造型完成后，趁糖浆未干，用一根竹签黏住，再将其与石板分离，才算制作完成。(百度百科：糖人）</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>精美的糖画来之不易，糖的比例、锅的火候，勺的搅拌，缺一不可。待糖浆在锅中呈金黄色，开始沸腾，冒出晶莹的气泡时停火。这时的糖浆就可以用于绘制了，手艺人要飞快的用勺子挖取糖浆，右手拿勺飞速移动，在石板上浇绘出图案。因为糖浆很快会凝固，所以手艺人必须对自己想绘制的图案胸有成竹，绘制时得眼明手快，一气呵成。糖画造型完成后，趁糖浆未干，用一根竹签黏住，再将其与石板分离，才算制作完成。(百度百科：糖人）</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l78" >Line 78:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 78:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===References===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===References===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[1]<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">百度百科：糖 </del>https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%B3%96/898629#1</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[1]<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Baidu Encyclopedia 百度百科：Sugar 糖 </ins>https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%B3%96/898629#1</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[2]聂相珍,申丽媛. 中国民间技艺扬州吹糖人的渊源与发展[J]. 南宁职业技术学院学报,2017,22(04):1-4.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[2]聂相珍,申丽媛. 中国民间技艺扬州吹糖人的渊源与发展[J]. 南宁职业技术学院学报,2017,22(04):1-4.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[3]闫亚楠.吹糖人艺术的产生及文化价值[J].美与时代(上),2015,(01):52-53.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[3]闫亚楠.吹糖人艺术的产生及文化价值[J].美与时代(上),2015,(01):52-53.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[4]<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">百度百科：糖人 </del>https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%B3%96%E4%BA%BA/1429296?fr=aladdin</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[4]<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Baidu Encyclopedia 百度百科：Sugur figurine 糖人 </ins>https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%B3%96%E4%BA%BA/1429296?fr=aladdin</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[5]Sugar figurines: The sweet blows of traditional folk art <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>https://english.news.cn/20220418/68e9c5f3aa984ed2a6741574ea72b3a8/c.html</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[5]Sugar figurines: The sweet blows of traditional folk art <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">糖人：民间老行当“吹”出甜蜜记忆 </ins>https://english.news.cn/20220418/68e9c5f3aa984ed2a6741574ea72b3a8/c.html</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Wang Xinpeng 王鑫鹏 Technology: PC games in China==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Wang Xinpeng 王鑫鹏 Technology: PC games in China==</div></td></tr> </table>

Ding Qian https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20230630_final_exam_culture_09&diff=156279&oldid=prev 2023-07-10T12:34:40Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Ding Qian 丁倩 Traditional Cuisine: Sugar Figurine</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:34, 10 July 2023</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l17" >Line 17:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 17:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Introduction===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Introduction===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Among the five tastes, sour, sweet, bitter, spicy and salty, sweet has been loved and pursued by people throughout the ages. In China, there are records related to sugar in the Western Zhou Dynasty(1045 BC-771 BC), when sugar was called yi, commonly known as malt sugar. The real production of sugar began in the Tang Dynasty(618-907). Tang Emperor Taizong (he was called Li Shimin, the second emperor of the Tang Dynasty, who laid a solid foundation for the development and prosperity of the Tang Dynasty) learned that ancient India was ahead of the world in sugar production, and dispatched an emissary to India to learn the method of boiling sugar. Since the Tang Dynasty, the people of ancient times researched the process of decolorizing sugar and continuously improved the technology to achieve mass production. With the development and popularity of sugar production, numerous varieties of sugar products emerged, and at the same time, the craft of sugar figurine could be developed.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Among the five tastes, sour, sweet, bitter, spicy and salty, sweet has been loved and pursued by people throughout the ages. In China, there are records related to sugar in the Western Zhou Dynasty(1045 BC-771 BC), when sugar was called yi, commonly known as malt sugar. The real production of sugar began in the Tang Dynasty(618-907). Tang Emperor Taizong (he was called Li Shimin, the second emperor of the Tang Dynasty, who laid a solid foundation for the development and prosperity of the Tang Dynasty) learned that ancient India was ahead of the world in sugar production, and dispatched an emissary to India to learn the method of boiling sugar. Since the Tang Dynasty, the people of ancient times researched the process of decolorizing sugar and continuously improved the technology to achieve mass production. With the development and popularity of sugar production, numerous varieties of sugar products emerged, and at the same time, the craft of sugar figurine could be developed. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(Baidu Baike: suagr)</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">酸甜苦辣咸”五味之中，甜味古往今来都为人们喜爱和追求。中国西周时期就有与糖相关的记载，那时的糖叫做“饴”，俗称麦芽糖。而真正的制糖始于唐朝。唐太宗了解到古印度的制糖术领先世界，便派遣使者去印度学习熬糖法。自唐代以后，古人研究出糖的脱色工艺，并不断提升技术实现量产。随着制糖的发展与普及，各类糖产品层出不穷，同时糖人手工艺得以发展。</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">酸甜苦辣咸”五味之中，甜味古往今来都为人们喜爱和追求。中国西周时期就有与糖相关的记载，那时的糖叫做“饴”，俗称麦芽糖。而真正的制糖始于唐朝。唐太宗了解到古印度的制糖术领先世界，便派遣使者去印度学习熬糖法。自唐代以后，古人研究出糖的脱色工艺，并不断提升技术实现量产。随着制糖的发展与普及，各类糖产品层出不穷，同时糖人手工艺得以发展。（百度百科：糖）</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===The origin of sugar figurine===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===The origin of sugar figurine===</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l32" >Line 32:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 32:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(2)Sugar painting====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(2)Sugar painting====</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Sugar painting, as the name implies, is painting with sugar. Sugar painting uses a spoon as the brush, sugar as the ink, and marble as the paper. Sugar painting looks like a painting and tastes delicious. Sugar painting demands a higher level of skill and constant learning and operating than sugar shaping. The slabs for sugar painting  are mostly made of smooth marble, and a layer of oil is laid on the slabs to prevent the sugar painting from sticking to the slabs.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Sugar painting, as the name implies, is painting with sugar. Sugar painting uses a spoon as the brush, sugar as the ink, and marble as the paper. Sugar painting looks like a painting and tastes delicious. Sugar painting demands a higher level of skill and constant learning and operating than sugar shaping. The slabs for sugar painting  are mostly made of smooth marble, and a layer of oil is laid on the slabs to prevent the sugar painting from sticking to the slabs. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The subjects of sugar painting are also extensive, from the character to the novel and opera, from birds and beasts to the figures and flowers. Among them, the sugar paintings of people and animals are the most interesting. (Baidu Baike: Sugar figurine)</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">画糖人，顾名思义就是以糖作画，也称“糖画”。糖画以勺为笔，以糖为墨，以板为纸，观之若画，食之有味。画糖人较塑糖人需要更高的技艺，不断的学习与操作。画糖人多在大理石板上进行，制作时还需铺上一层油，防止糖画与石板粘连。</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">画糖人，顾名思义就是以糖作画，也称“糖画”。糖画以勺为笔，以糖为墨，以板为纸，观之若画，食之有味。画糖人较塑糖人需要更高的技艺，不断的学习与操作。画糖人多在大理石板上进行，制作时还需铺上一层油，防止糖画与石板粘连。画糖人的题材也广泛，从文字到小说戏曲，从飞禽走兽到人物花果。 其中，人物和动物的糖画最是妙趣横生。(百度百科：糖人）</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Exquisite sugar painting is not easy to come by. The proportion of sugar, the heat of the pot, and the stirring of the spoon are all essential. When the sugar is golden brown in the pot and starts boiling with crystal bubbles is the time to stop heating. At this point, the sugar is ready to be used to draw the pattern. The craftsman will quickly scoop up the sugar with a spoon and move quickly with the spoon in his right hand to draw the pattern on the slabs. Since the sugar will solidify quickly, the craftsman must have a clear idea of the pattern he intends to draw and must draw it in one stroke with a quick eye and hand. After the pattern of sugar painting is completed, a bamboo stick is used to stick the sugar painting while it is still fresh, and then the sugar painting will be separated from the slab before it is finished. (Baidu Baike: Sugar figurine)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Exquisite sugar painting is not easy to come by. The proportion of sugar, the heat of the pot, and the stirring of the spoon are all essential. When the sugar is golden brown in the pot and starts boiling with crystal bubbles is the time to stop heating. At this point, the sugar is ready to be used to draw the pattern. The craftsman will quickly scoop up the sugar with a spoon and move quickly with the spoon in his right hand to draw the pattern on the slabs. Since the sugar will solidify quickly, the craftsman must have a clear idea of the pattern he intends to draw and must draw it in one stroke with a quick eye and hand. After the pattern of sugar painting is completed, a bamboo stick is used to stick the sugar painting while it is still fresh, and then the sugar painting will be separated from the slab before it is finished. (Baidu Baike: Sugar figurine)</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l78" >Line 78:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 78:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===References===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===References===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[1]聂相珍,申丽媛. 中国民间技艺扬州吹糖人的渊源与发展[J]. 南宁职业技术学院学报,2017,22(04):1-4.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[1<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]百度百科：糖 https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%B3%96/898629#1</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">2</del>]闫亚楠.吹糖人艺术的产生及文化价值[J].美与时代(上),2015,(01):52-53.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[2</ins>]聂相珍,申丽媛. 中国民间技艺扬州吹糖人的渊源与发展[J]. 南宁职业技术学院学报,2017,22(04):1-4.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">3</del>]百度百科：糖人  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">3</ins>]闫亚楠.吹糖人艺术的产生及文化价值[J].美与时代(上),2015,(01):52-53.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%B3%96%E4%BA%BA/1429296?fr=aladdin</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">4</ins>]百度百科：糖人 https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%B3%96%E4%BA%BA/1429296?fr=aladdin</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">4</del>]Sugar figurines: The sweet blows of traditional folk art  https://english.news.cn/20220418/68e9c5f3aa984ed2a6741574ea72b3a8/c.html</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">5</ins>]Sugar figurines: The sweet blows of traditional folk art  https://english.news.cn/20220418/68e9c5f3aa984ed2a6741574ea72b3a8/c.html</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Wang Xinpeng 王鑫鹏 Technology: PC games in China==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Wang Xinpeng 王鑫鹏 Technology: PC games in China==</div></td></tr> </table>

Ding Qian https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20230630_final_exam_culture_09&diff=156251&oldid=prev 2023-07-10T12:21:11Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Ding Qian 丁倩 Traditional Cuisine: Sugar Figurine</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:21, 10 July 2023</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l25" >Line 25:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 25:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Types of sugar figurine===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Types of sugar figurine===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Making sugar figurine is a traditional Chinese folk handicraft. Sugar is made by heating sucrose and maltose, and various shapes are made of boiled sucrose or maltose. Seemingly simple, but in fact complex, the control of fire is inseparable from the accumulation of experience. If the fire is too hot, it will be too thin and easily deformed; if it is cold, it will be too hard and cannot be shaped. Sugar figurine come in a variety of shapes,, including flowers and animals, pagodas and mythological figures, all of which are inscribed with people's expectations of good luck and the pursuit of a happy life. According to the production process, there are three types of sugar figurine: sugar shaping, sugar painting and blowing sugar.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Making sugar figurine is a traditional Chinese folk handicraft. Sugar is made by heating sucrose and maltose, and various shapes are made of boiled sucrose or maltose. Seemingly simple, but in fact complex, the control of fire is inseparable from the accumulation of experience. If the fire is too hot, it will be too thin and easily deformed; if it is cold, it will be too hard and cannot be shaped. Sugar figurine come in a variety of shapes,, including flowers and animals, pagodas and mythological figures, all of which are inscribed with people's expectations of good luck and the pursuit of a happy life. According to the production process, there are three types of sugar figurine: sugar shaping, sugar painting and blowing sugar. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(Baidu Baike: Sugar figurine)</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>制作糖人是一种中国民间传统手工艺。糖料由蔗糖和麦芽糖加热调制而成，用熬化的蔗糖或麦芽糖做成的各种造型。看似简单，实则复杂，火候的控制离不开经验的积累，过热则太稀易变形，冷了又会太硬无法塑形。糖人造型丰富多样，有花草鸟兽，罗汉宝塔，也有神话人物，但无一例外都寄托了人们对吉祥如意的期许和幸福生活的追求。糖人按制作工艺可分为三种：塑糖人、画糖人和吹糖人。</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>制作糖人是一种中国民间传统手工艺。糖料由蔗糖和麦芽糖加热调制而成，用熬化的蔗糖或麦芽糖做成的各种造型。看似简单，实则复杂，火候的控制离不开经验的积累，过热则太稀易变形，冷了又会太硬无法塑形。糖人造型丰富多样，有花草鸟兽，罗汉宝塔，也有神话人物，但无一例外都寄托了人们对吉祥如意的期许和幸福生活的追求。糖人按制作工艺可分为三种：塑糖人、画糖人和吹糖人。<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(百度百科：糖人）</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(1)Sugar shaping====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(1)Sugar shaping====</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Sugar shaping is the simplest of the three, and the requirements of the craftsman are not very high. A set of molds, a portion of sugar is enough. Because it is with the help of mold, so the shapes is slightly single, there are arhat, god of wealth, lion, pagoda and other shapes.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Sugar shaping is the simplest of the three, and the requirements of the craftsman are not very high. A set of molds, a portion of sugar is enough. Because it is with the help of mold, so the shapes is slightly single, there are arhat, god of wealth, lion, pagoda and other shapes. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(Baidu Baike: Sugar figurine)</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>塑糖人是三种技艺当中最简单的一种，对手艺人的要求并不是很高。模具一套，糖稀一份就足以。因为是借助模具，所以造型略显单一，有罗汉、财神、狮子、宝塔等造型。</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>塑糖人是三种技艺当中最简单的一种，对手艺人的要求并不是很高。模具一套，糖稀一份就足以。因为是借助模具，所以造型略显单一，有罗汉、财神、狮子、宝塔等造型。<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(百度百科：糖人）</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(2)Sugar painting====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(2)Sugar painting====</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l46" >Line 46:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 46:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>糖人虽小,却蕴含着中国人千百年来的勤劳与智慧，承载无数的文化与历史。在古代，由于糖不易保存，所以糖人是作为一种吉祥物来使用的。在古代神话中常有以糖塑作人形，作为神仙或英雄的化身而出现的神话人物或历史人物。后来在民间也有将糖塑作为神灵或祖先像供奉之用，以求神灵赐福，祖宗保佑。糖人让我们得以窥见先辈们的积极思想，留下丰富和美好的想象。其中蕴含的对美好生活的期待，对甜蜜的向往，对美的追求也让我们的跨越千年的心产生共鸣。（闫亚楠 2015）</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>糖人虽小,却蕴含着中国人千百年来的勤劳与智慧，承载无数的文化与历史。在古代，由于糖不易保存，所以糖人是作为一种吉祥物来使用的。在古代神话中常有以糖塑作人形，作为神仙或英雄的化身而出现的神话人物或历史人物。后来在民间也有将糖塑作为神灵或祖先像供奉之用，以求神灵赐福，祖宗保佑。糖人让我们得以窥见先辈们的积极思想，留下丰富和美好的想象。其中蕴含的对美好生活的期待，对甜蜜的向往，对美的追求也让我们的跨越千年的心产生共鸣。（闫亚楠 2015）</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Nowadays, sugar figurines are constantly passing down and evolving, with advances in craftsmanship, more diverse techniques and richer topics. Modern sugar figurines not only retain the essence of traditional techniques and bring in innovations on the basis of traditional craftsmanship, but also integrate modern concepts and modern consciousness to meet the aesthetic interests of the masses.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Nowadays, sugar figurines are constantly passing down and evolving, with advances in craftsmanship, more diverse techniques and richer topics. Modern sugar figurines not only retain the essence of traditional techniques and bring in innovations on the basis of traditional craftsmanship, but also integrate modern concepts and modern consciousness to meet the aesthetic interests of the masses. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Crafman also do everything possible to promote the art of sugar figurine to the world. It is their efforts that the art of sugar can spread and develop all over the world. (Yan Ya'nan 2015)</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">现如今，糖人也在不断地传承发展，工艺不断进步，手法更加多样，题材更加丰富。现代糖人不仅保留着传统技艺中的精华，在传统工艺的基础上加以创新，更注入了现代观念、现代意识，以满足广大人民群众的审美情趣。</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">现如今，糖人也在不断地传承发展，工艺不断进步，手法更加多样，题材更加丰富。现代糖人不仅保留着传统技艺中的精华，在传统工艺的基础上加以创新，更注入了现代观念、现代意识，以满足广大人民群众的审美情趣。手艺人们还千方百计地把糖人艺术推向世界各地。正是他们的努力, 糖人艺术才得以在全世界流传和发展。（闫亚楠 2015）</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Terms and Expressions===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Terms and Expressions===</div></td></tr> </table>

Ding Qian https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20230630_final_exam_culture_09&diff=156228&oldid=prev 2023-07-10T12:13:28Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Ding Qian 丁倩 Traditional Cuisine: Sugar Figurine</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:13, 10 July 2023</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l21" >Line 21:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 21:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===The origin of sugar figurine===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===The origin of sugar figurine===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is said that the sugar figurine was invented by Liu Bowen, the most ingenious minister of the Ming Dynasty (around the time of the Western Renaissance), and has a history of more than 600 years. The founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, in order to ensure that his descendants would be rulers for thousands of years and the Zhu family would last for thousands of generations, burning the &quot;Court of Merit&quot; to kill meritorious officials. Liu Bowen was saved by an old man selling sugar on Liu’s way to escape, by exchanging their clothes. In order to cover his tracks, Liu carried a sugar stretcher through the streets and alleys every day. With his ingenuity, Liu made sugar figurine in varying shapes after the sugar was heated and softened, which were of great popularity for both eating and watching. He taught this craft to the people, and since then the figure of the craftsman of sugar figurine and the sound of hawking became an inseparable scene in the streets and alleys.(Nie, Shen 2017)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is said that the sugar figurine was invented by Liu Bowen, the most ingenious minister of the Ming Dynasty (around the time of the Western Renaissance), and has a history of more than 600 years. The founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, in order to ensure that his descendants would be rulers for thousands of years and the Zhu family would last for thousands of generations, burning the &quot;Court of Merit&quot; to kill meritorious officials. Liu Bowen was saved by an old man selling sugar on Liu’s way to escape, by exchanging their clothes. In order to cover his tracks, Liu carried a sugar stretcher through the streets and alleys every day. With his ingenuity, Liu made sugar figurine in varying shapes after the sugar was heated and softened, which were of great popularity for both eating and watching. He taught this craft to the people, and since then the figure of the craftsman of sugar figurine and the sound of hawking became an inseparable scene in the streets and alleys.(Nie <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Xiangzhen</ins>,Shen <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Liyuan </ins>2017)</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>相传，糖人是由大明第一谋臣刘伯温发明的，距今已有600多年的历史。明朝的开国皇帝朱元璋为了确保子孙万世为君，朱家江山千秋万代，火烧“功臣阁”坑杀功臣猛将。刘伯温逃跑途中被一位卖糖老人救下。刘伯温为掩人耳目，从此每天背着糖担子穿行大街小巷。刘伯温凭借其聪明才智，在糖加热变软后，制作出形状各异的糖人，既可吃，亦可观，深受大众喜爱。他将这门手艺传授出去，自此有糖人担子的身影和叫卖声成了街头巷尾的必不可少的一幕。(<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">聂，申 </del>2017）</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>相传，糖人是由大明第一谋臣刘伯温发明的，距今已有600多年的历史。明朝的开国皇帝朱元璋为了确保子孙万世为君，朱家江山千秋万代，火烧“功臣阁”坑杀功臣猛将。刘伯温逃跑途中被一位卖糖老人救下。刘伯温为掩人耳目，从此每天背着糖担子穿行大街小巷。刘伯温凭借其聪明才智，在糖加热变软后，制作出形状各异的糖人，既可吃，亦可观，深受大众喜爱。他将这门手艺传授出去，自此有糖人担子的身影和叫卖声成了街头巷尾的必不可少的一幕。(<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">聂相珍,申丽媛 </ins>2017）</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Types of sugar figurine===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Types of sugar figurine===</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l43" >Line 43:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 43:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===The cultural meaning of Sugar Figure===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===The cultural meaning of Sugar Figure===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The small sugar figurine contains the diligence and wisdom of the Chinese people for thousands of years and carries countless cultures and histories. In ancient times, the sugar figurine was used as an auspicious symbol because sugar was not easy to preserve. Sugar was often made into the shape of human who appeared as the incarnation of divine beings or heroes in ancient mythology. Later in folklore, sugar figurines were also made into statues of gods or ancestors for the blessing. Sugar figurines give us a glimpse into the minds of our ancestors, leaving behind a rich and fanciful imagination. The expectations for a better life, the yearning for sweetness and the pursuit of beauty contained within them also resonate with our hearts across time.(Yan 2015)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The small sugar figurine contains the diligence and wisdom of the Chinese people for thousands of years and carries countless cultures and histories. In ancient times, the sugar figurine was used as an auspicious symbol because sugar was not easy to preserve. Sugar was often made into the shape of human who appeared as the incarnation of divine beings or heroes in ancient mythology. Later in folklore, sugar figurines were also made into statues of gods or ancestors for the blessing. Sugar figurines give us a glimpse into the minds of our ancestors, leaving behind a rich and fanciful imagination. The expectations for a better life, the yearning for sweetness and the pursuit of beauty contained within them also resonate with our hearts across time.(Yan <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Ya'nan </ins>2015)</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>糖人虽小,<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">却蕴含着中国人千百年来的勤劳与智慧，承载无数的文化与历史。在古代，由于糖不易保存，所以糖人是作为一种吉祥物来使用的。在古代神话中常有以糖塑作人形，作为神仙或英雄的化身而出现的神话人物或历史人物。后来在民间也有将糖塑作为神灵或祖先像供奉之用，以求神灵赐福，祖宗保佑。糖人让我们得以窥见先辈们的积极思想，留下丰富和美好的想象。其中蕴含的对美好生活的期待，对甜蜜的向往，对美的追求也让我们的跨越千年的心产生共鸣。（闫 </del>2015）</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>糖人虽小,<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">却蕴含着中国人千百年来的勤劳与智慧，承载无数的文化与历史。在古代，由于糖不易保存，所以糖人是作为一种吉祥物来使用的。在古代神话中常有以糖塑作人形，作为神仙或英雄的化身而出现的神话人物或历史人物。后来在民间也有将糖塑作为神灵或祖先像供奉之用，以求神灵赐福，祖宗保佑。糖人让我们得以窥见先辈们的积极思想，留下丰富和美好的想象。其中蕴含的对美好生活的期待，对甜蜜的向往，对美的追求也让我们的跨越千年的心产生共鸣。（闫亚楠 </ins>2015）</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Nowadays, sugar figurines are constantly passing down and evolving, with advances in craftsmanship, more diverse techniques and richer topics. Modern sugar figurines not only retain the essence of traditional techniques and bring in innovations on the basis of traditional craftsmanship, but also integrate modern concepts and modern consciousness to meet the aesthetic interests of the masses.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Nowadays, sugar figurines are constantly passing down and evolving, with advances in craftsmanship, more diverse techniques and richer topics. Modern sugar figurines not only retain the essence of traditional techniques and bring in innovations on the basis of traditional craftsmanship, but also integrate modern concepts and modern consciousness to meet the aesthetic interests of the masses.</div></td></tr> </table>

Ding Qian https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=20230630_final_exam_culture_09&diff=156212&oldid=prev 2023-07-10T12:07:21Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Ding Qian 丁倩 Traditional Cuisine: Sugar Figurine</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:07, 10 July 2023</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l35" >Line 35:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 35:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>画糖人，顾名思义就是以糖作画，也称“糖画”。糖画以勺为笔，以糖为墨，以板为纸，观之若画，食之有味。画糖人较塑糖人需要更高的技艺，不断的学习与操作。画糖人多在大理石板上进行，制作时还需铺上一层油，防止糖画与石板粘连。</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>画糖人，顾名思义就是以糖作画，也称“糖画”。糖画以勺为笔，以糖为墨，以板为纸，观之若画，食之有味。画糖人较塑糖人需要更高的技艺，不断的学习与操作。画糖人多在大理石板上进行，制作时还需铺上一层油，防止糖画与石板粘连。</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Exquisite sugar painting is not easy to come by. The proportion of sugar, the heat of the pot, and the stirring of the spoon are all essential. When the sugar is golden brown in the pot and starts boiling with crystal bubbles is the time to stop heating. At this point, the sugar is ready to be used to draw the pattern. The craftsman will quickly scoop up the sugar with a spoon and move quickly with the spoon in his right hand to draw the pattern on the slabs. Since the sugar will solidify quickly, the craftsman must have a clear idea of the pattern he intends to draw and must draw it in one stroke with a quick eye and hand. After the pattern of sugar painting is completed, a bamboo stick is used to stick the sugar painting while it is still fresh, and then the sugar painting will be separated from the slab before it is finished.(Baidu Baike: <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%B3%96%E4%BA%BA/1429296?fr=aladdin</del>)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Exquisite sugar painting is not easy to come by. The proportion of sugar, the heat of the pot, and the stirring of the spoon are all essential. When the sugar is golden brown in the pot and starts boiling with crystal bubbles is the time to stop heating. At this point, the sugar is ready to be used to draw the pattern. The craftsman will quickly scoop up the sugar with a spoon and move quickly with the spoon in his right hand to draw the pattern on the slabs. Since the sugar will solidify quickly, the craftsman must have a clear idea of the pattern he intends to draw and must draw it in one stroke with a quick eye and hand. After the pattern of sugar painting is completed, a bamboo stick is used to stick the sugar painting while it is still fresh, and then the sugar painting will be separated from the slab before it is finished. (Baidu Baike: <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Sugar figurine</ins>)</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>精美的糖画来之不易，糖的比例、锅的火候，勺的搅拌，缺一不可。待糖浆在锅中呈金黄色，开始沸腾，冒出晶莹的气泡时停火。这时的糖浆就可以用于绘制了，手艺人要飞快的用勺子挖取糖浆，右手拿勺飞速移动，在石板上浇绘出图案。因为糖浆很快会凝固，所以手艺人必须对自己想绘制的图案胸有成竹，绘制时得眼明手快，一气呵成。糖画造型完成后，趁糖浆未干，用一根竹签黏住，再将其与石板分离，才算制作完成。(<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">百度百科：https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%B3%96%E4%BA%BA/1429296?fr=aladdin）</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>精美的糖画来之不易，糖的比例、锅的火候，勺的搅拌，缺一不可。待糖浆在锅中呈金黄色，开始沸腾，冒出晶莹的气泡时停火。这时的糖浆就可以用于绘制了，手艺人要飞快的用勺子挖取糖浆，右手拿勺飞速移动，在石板上浇绘出图案。因为糖浆很快会凝固，所以手艺人必须对自己想绘制的图案胸有成竹，绘制时得眼明手快，一气呵成。糖画造型完成后，趁糖浆未干，用一根竹签黏住，再将其与石板分离，才算制作完成。(<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">百度百科：糖人）</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(3)Blowing sugar====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====(3)Blowing sugar====</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The blowing sugar is derived from sugar painting . The craftsman heats the sugar in a small charcoal stove to a suitable temperature. Taking one part of the sugar and kneading it in the hands to a certain extent, the craftsman then presses a deep pit with a small amount of starch on his index finger to make the shape of a bag. The craftsman then quickly pulls out a thin, hollow sugar tube and immediately blow into it, at which point the sugar will gradually inflame like a balloon. It is time for craftsmen to make shapes. They have to grasp the flow of blowing and the strength of pinching, coupled with dexterity and versatility, and delicate and vibrant shapes are born in the hands, such as the Monkey King, Pigsy, the Golden Cockerel Dawns, the fish leap Dragon Gate.(Sugar figurines: The sweet blows of traditional folk art <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> https://english.news.cn/20220418/68e9c5f3aa984ed2a6741574ea72b3a8/c.html</del>)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The blowing sugar is derived from sugar painting . The craftsman heats the sugar in a small charcoal stove to a suitable temperature. Taking one part of the sugar and kneading it in the hands to a certain extent, the craftsman then presses a deep pit with a small amount of starch on his index finger to make the shape of a bag. The craftsman then quickly pulls out a thin, hollow sugar tube and immediately blow into it, at which point the sugar will gradually inflame like a balloon. It is time for craftsmen to make shapes. They have to grasp the flow of blowing and the strength of pinching, coupled with dexterity and versatility, and delicate and vibrant shapes are born in the hands, such as the Monkey King, Pigsy, the Golden Cockerel Dawns, the fish leap Dragon Gate.(Sugar figurines: The sweet blows of traditional folk art)</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>吹糖人是在画糖人的基础上衍生出来的。手艺人将糖在木炭炉中加热到适宜的温度，取其中一部分，在手上揉搓，揉搓到一定程度，就用食指沾上少量淀粉压一个深坑，做成袋子的形状，迅速拉出一条细长中空的糖管，马上对其吹一口气，这时的糖浆就会如同气球一样渐渐膨胀起来。这就是手艺人制作造型的黄金时期了，把握好吹的流速和捏的力度，加上灵巧多变的手法，一个个精美可爱，栩栩如生的形状就在手中诞生，如孙悟空、猪八戒、金鸡报晓、鱼跃龙门。(<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Sugar figurines: The sweet blows of traditional folk art  https://english.news.cn/20220418/68e9c5f3aa984ed2a6741574ea72b3a8/c.html</del>)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>吹糖人是在画糖人的基础上衍生出来的。手艺人将糖在木炭炉中加热到适宜的温度，取其中一部分，在手上揉搓，揉搓到一定程度，就用食指沾上少量淀粉压一个深坑，做成袋子的形状，迅速拉出一条细长中空的糖管，马上对其吹一口气，这时的糖浆就会如同气球一样渐渐膨胀起来。这就是手艺人制作造型的黄金时期了，把握好吹的流速和捏的力度，加上灵巧多变的手法，一个个精美可爱，栩栩如生的形状就在手中诞生，如孙悟空、猪八戒、金鸡报晓、鱼跃龙门。(<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">糖人：民间老行当“吹”出甜蜜记忆</ins>)</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===The cultural meaning of Sugar Figure===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===The cultural meaning of Sugar Figure===</div></td></tr> </table>

Ding Qian