Cult Turn EN 3 - Revision history

Li Wenxuan: /* Reference */

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Reference

Li Wenxuan: /* The Targeted Readers */

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The Targeted Readers

Huang Jinyun: /* The Targeted Readers */

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The Targeted Readers

Li Wenxuan: /* Reference */

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Reference

Li Wenxuan: /* An Analysis from the Perspective of the Cultural Turn Theory */

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An Analysis from the Perspective of the Cultural Turn Theory

Li Wenxuan: /* Translation Analysis */

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Translation Analysis

Li Wenxuan: /* Brief Introduction of the Expressions with Chinese Characteristics and Xi Jinping: The Governance of China Ⅲ */

2021-12-13T12:03:51Z

Brief Introduction of the Expressions with Chinese Characteristics and Xi Jinping: The Governance of China Ⅲ

Li Wenxuan: /* Literature Overview */

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Literature Overview

Li Wenxuan: /* Introduction */

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Introduction

Li Wenxuan: /* Reference */

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Reference

@@ Line 193: / Line 193: @@
 After all, this translation study is only an attempt to use the cultural turn theory into the translation of expressions with Chinese characteristics. Due to the limited space here, the study could not cover all the aspects and make a comprehensive analysis. Many problems and issues remain to be solved in the future.
-==Reference==
+==References==
 Lai Chenying来程颖(2019). 从翻译伦理角度分析《习诉平谈治国理政》第二卷中国特色表达英译[D] A Study on the English Translation of The Governance of China from the Perspective of Translation Ethics.北京外国语大学 Beijing Foreign Studies University.

@@ Line 176: / Line 176: @@
 ===The Targeted Readers===
-By improving the language collocation in line with the acceptance habits of English readers, strengthening the connotation free translation and information supplementary translation of words with Chinese characteristics, improving wording expression and other translation strategies, so as to improve the readers’ accurate access to the original information, so as to improve the overseas readers’ cognition of the core ideas and views of China’s development. The translated version strives to target the English audience in terms of expression, follow（follows） the rules of English language rhetoric, and provide （provides--[[User:Huang Jinyun|Huang Jinyun]] ([[User talk:Huang Jinyun|talk]]) 14:38, 14 December 2021 (UTC)）readers with the context of understanding Chinese social and cultural knowledge to the greatest extent.(Zhang, 2021:77-88)
+By improving the language collocation in line with the acceptance habits of English readers, strengthening the connotation free translation and information supplementary translation of words with Chinese characteristics, improving wording expression and other translation strategies, so as to improve the readers’ accurate access to the original information, so as to improve the overseas readers’ cognition of the core ideas and views of China’s development. The translated version strives to target the English audience in terms of expression, follows the rules of English language rhetoric, and provides readers with the context of understanding Chinese social and cultural knowledge to the greatest extent.(Zhang, 2021:77-88)
 ==Conclusion==

@@ Line 176: / Line 176: @@
 ===The Targeted Readers===
-By improving the language collocation in line with the acceptance habits of English readers, strengthening the connotation free translation and information supplementary translation of words with Chinese characteristics, improving wording expression and other translation strategies, so as to improve the readers’ accurate access to the original information, so as to improve the overseas readers’ cognition of the core ideas and views of China’s development. The translated version strives to target the English audience in terms of expression, follow the rules of English language rhetoric, and provide readers with the context of understanding Chinese social and cultural knowledge to the greatest extent.(Zhang, 2021:77-88)
+By improving the language collocation in line with the acceptance habits of English readers, strengthening the connotation free translation and information supplementary translation of words with Chinese characteristics, improving wording expression and other translation strategies, so as to improve the readers’ accurate access to the original information, so as to improve the overseas readers’ cognition of the core ideas and views of China’s development. The translated version strives to target the English audience in terms of expression, follow（follows） the rules of English language rhetoric, and provide （provides--[[User:Huang Jinyun|Huang Jinyun]] ([[User talk:Huang Jinyun|talk]]) 14:38, 14 December 2021 (UTC)）readers with the context of understanding Chinese social and cultural knowledge to the greatest extent.(Zhang, 2021:77-88)
 ==Conclusion==

@@ Line 194: / Line 194: @@
 ==Reference==
-[1] 杨大亮 Yang Daliang, 杨海燕 Yang Haiyan. 浅谈具有中国特色用语的英译 On English translation of terms with Chinese characteristics [J].上海翻译 Shanghai Journal of Translators, 2006(03): 73-74.
+Lai Chenying来程颖(2019). 从翻译伦理角度分析《习诉平谈治国理政》第二卷中国特色表达英译[D] A Study on the English Translation of The Governance of China from the Perspective of Translation Ethics.北京外国语大学 Beijing Foreign Studies University.
-[2] 来程颖 Lai Chenying. 从翻译伦理角度分析《习诉平谈治国理政》第二卷中国特色表达英译 A Study on the English Translation of The Governance of China from the Perspective of Translation Ethics[D].北京外国语大学 Beijing Foreign Studies University, 2019.
+Tang Hui唐慧(2013). 中国特色用语翻译策略及翻译原则探析——基于《政府工作报告》英译本[J] On the Translation Strategies and Principles of Terms with Chinese Characteristics -- Based on the English Translation of Government Work Report.湖南科技学院学报 Journal of Hunan University of Science and Engineering, 34(03): 157-158, 175.
-[3] 王克非 Wang Kefei, 王颖冲 Wang Yinchong. 论中国特色文化词汇的翻译 On Translation of Chinese Culture-specific Items [J].外语与外语教学 Foreign Languages and Their Teaching ，2020(06): 87-93, 149-150.
+Wu Bo吴博(2010).浅谈翻译研究文化转向——巴斯内特“文化翻译观”及其对当今翻译研究的影响[J] On the Cultural Turn in Translation Studies -- Bassnett's "Cultural Translation View" and its Influence on Today's Translation Studies.商丘师范学院学报 Journal of Shangqiu Teachers College,2010,26(11):123-125.
-[4] 唐慧 Tang Hui. 中国特色用语翻译策略及翻译原则探析——基于《政府工作报告》英译本 On the Translation Strategies and Principles of Terms with Chinese Characteristics -- Based on the English Translation of Government Work Report [J].湖南科技学院学报 Journal of Hunan University of Science and Engineering, 2013, 34(03): 157-158, 175.
+Wu Xiaojun伍小君(2009).翻译研究中的文化转向:批判与反思[J]Cultural Turn in Translation Studies: Criticism and Reflection.外语学刊Foreign Language Research, 4:103-105.
-[5] 熊兵 Xiong Bing. 翻译研究中的概念混淆——以“翻译策略”、“翻译方法”和“翻译技巧”为例 Conceptual Confusion in Translation Studies -- Taking "translation strategies", "translation methods" and "translation skills" as examples  [J]. 中国翻译 Chinese Translators Journal, 2014, 35(03): 82-88.
+Xi Jinping (2020). Xi Jinping: The Governance of China. Volume III [M]. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press.
-[6] Xi Jinping. Xi Jinping: The Governance of China. Volume III [M]. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2020.
+Xi Jinping 习近平(2020). 习近平谈治国理政（第三卷）[M]Xi Jinping. Xi Jinping: The Governance of China. Volume III. 北京: 外文出版社 Beijing: Foreign Languages Press.
-[7] 习近平Xi Jinping. 习近平谈治国理政（第三卷）Xi Jinping. Xi Jinping: The Governance of China. Volume III [M]. 北京: 外文出版社 Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2020.
+Xiong Bing熊兵(2014). 翻译研究中的概念混淆——以“翻译策略”、“翻译方法”和“翻译技巧”为例[J] Conceptual Confusion in Translation Studies -- Taking "translation strategies", "translation methods" and "translation skills" as examples. 中国翻译 Chinese Translators Journal, 35(03): 82-88.
-[8]吴博 Wu Bo.浅谈翻译研究文化转向——巴斯内特“文化翻译观”及其对当今翻译研究的影响 On the Cultural Turn in Translation Studies -- Bassnett's "Cultural Translation View" and its Influence on Today's Translation Studies [J].商丘师范学院学报 Journal of Shangqiu Teachers College,2010,26(11):123-125.
+Yang Daliang, Yang Haiyan杨大亮，杨海燕（2006）. 浅谈具有中国特色用语的英译[J] On English translation of terms with Chinese characteristics.上海翻译 Shanghai Journal of Translators, 3: 73-74.
 Written by --[[User:Li Wenxuan|Li Wenxuan]] ([[User talk:Li Wenxuan|talk]]) 11:25, 12 December 2021 (UTC)

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 ==An Analysis from the Perspective of the Cultural Turn Theory==
 ===The Background and Social Situation===
-According to the cultural turn theory, when translating the original texts, we should pay attention to the context. The scholars Bassnett and Levefere advocated to pay attention to social context, history instead of formalism stage. In the process of spreading Chinese culture, the transformation of expressions with Chinese characteristics has the particularity of time, space and society, which requires to have the correspondence of the particular expressions in the contexts. When translating, not only should we pay attentions to the coordination between language symbols and political implication, but also should focus on the coordination of domestic and international context. After analyzing the expressions with Chinese characteristics in Xi Jinping: The Governance of China Ⅲ, we can find that the expressions should be translated accurately according to the original meaning conveyed by the government.
+According to the cultural turn theory, when translating the original texts, we should pay attention to the context. The scholars Bassnett and Levefere advocated to pay attention to social context, history instead of formalism stage. In the process of spreading Chinese culture, the transformation of expressions with Chinese characteristics has the particularity of time, space and society, which requires to have the correspondence of the particular expressions in the contexts. When translating, not only should we pay attentions to the coordination between language symbols and political implication, but also should focus on the coordination of domestic and international context. After analyzing the expressions with Chinese characteristics in Xi Jinping: The Governance of China Ⅲ, we can find that the expressions should be translated accurately according to the original meaning conveyed by the government. (Zhang, 2021:77-88)
 ===The Translators===
-Bassnett pointed out that translation, like poetry or novels, cannot have the best version, and the evaluation of a translation can only be based on the purpose, function and process of translation in a specific context. Therefore, when evaluating or analyzing a translated version, we should consider the translator’s purpose, translation function and other factors in its specific context. Therefore, even if the same text is translated, the translator's translation strategies will change dynamically with the change of translation purpose. Compared with other types of text translators, translators of foreign political discourse are generally institutional groups to which the government belongs. The English translation of Volume Ⅲ is organized and coordinated by the national foreign language Bureau and completed by a certain number of translation experts at home and abroad. The translation strategies adopted should focus on the purpose of foreign publicity. Therefore, the English translation of foreign publicity in Volume Ⅲ should also keep pace with the times. Besides, the core terms should also conform to the English narrative habits and methods.
+Bassnett pointed out that translation, like poetry or novels, cannot have the best version, and the evaluation of a translation can only be based on the purpose, function and process of translation in a specific context. Therefore, when evaluating or analyzing a translated version, we should consider the translator’s purpose, translation function and other factors in its specific context. Therefore, even if the same text is translated, the translator's translation strategies will change dynamically with the change of translation purpose. Compared with other types of text translators, translators of foreign political discourse are generally institutional groups to which the government belongs. The English translation of Volume Ⅲ is organized and coordinated by the national foreign language Bureau and completed by a certain number of translation experts at home and abroad. The translation strategies adopted should focus on the purpose of foreign publicity. Therefore, the English translation of foreign publicity in Volume Ⅲ should also keep pace with the times. Besides, the core terms should also conform to the English narrative habits and methods. (Zhang, 2021:77-88)
 ===The Targeted Readers===
-By improving the language collocation in line with the acceptance habits of English readers, strengthening the connotation free translation and information supplementary translation of words with Chinese characteristics, improving wording expression and other translation strategies, so as to improve the readers’ accurate access to the original information, so as to improve the overseas readers’ cognition of the core ideas and views of China’s development. The translated version strives to target the English audience in terms of expression, follow the rules of English language rhetoric, and provide readers with the context of understanding Chinese social and cultural knowledge to the greatest extent.
+By improving the language collocation in line with the acceptance habits of English readers, strengthening the connotation free translation and information supplementary translation of words with Chinese characteristics, improving wording expression and other translation strategies, so as to improve the readers’ accurate access to the original information, so as to improve the overseas readers’ cognition of the core ideas and views of China’s development. The translated version strives to target the English audience in terms of expression, follow the rules of English language rhetoric, and provide readers with the context of understanding Chinese social and cultural knowledge to the greatest extent.(Zhang, 2021:77-88)
-−
 ==Conclusion==
 This article attempted to explore the Chinese to English translation of expressions with Chinese Characteristics from the cultural turn theory. It is necessary and practicable to carry out such a study in which the cultural turn theory is applied to the translation of expressions with Chinese Characteristics.

@@ Line 76: / Line 76: @@
 [Example 1]
-[ST] 九二共识
+[ST] 九二共识 (Xi, 2020: 5)
-[TT] the 1992 Consensus
+[TT] the 1992 Consensus (Xi, 2020:7)
 [Comments] Here “九二共识” is literally rendered to “the 1992 Consensus”. Its core meaning is that the mainland and Taiwan province all belong to China, and the two sides of the Taiwan Strait are not the relationship of two countries, thus clearly defining the fundamental nature of cross-strait relations. This consensus has been defined for a long time, and become a common knowledge all over the world. Thus, we can render this literally, which is faithful not only to the form and structure of the original, but also to the meaning.
@@ Line 84: / Line 84: @@
 [Example 2]
-[ST] 三农问题
+[ST] 三农问题 (Xi, 2020:25)
-[TT] issues relating to agriculture, rural areas, and rural people
+[TT] issues relating to agriculture, rural areas, and rural people (Xi, 2020:33)
 [Comments] Here “三农问题” is translated to literally and used the annotation as an extra information. “三农” is the abbreviation for “农业，农村，农民”, and they denote different meanings. Numeral Abbreviations contain rich cultural information and simplify language expression. In order to transfer the meaning completely, the translators use the literal translation method, which reproduces the national characteristics of the source culture. In addition, the annotation method is supplemented, which can eliminate the obstacles in cross-cultural understanding.
@@ Line 92: / Line 92: @@
 [Example 3]
-[ST] 不要人夸颜色好，只留清气满乾坤。
+[ST] 不要人夸颜色好，只留清气满乾坤。(Xi, 2020:67)
-[TT] Not bent on praise for its bright colors, but on leaving its fragrance to all.
+[TT] Not bent on praise for its bright colors, but on leaving its fragrance to all. (Xi, 2020:90)
 [Comments] The poem is written by Wang Mian in the Yuan Dynasty, which refers that the plum blossom doesn’t need others to praise its color. What it cares about is to keep the light fragrance around the world. President Xi Jinping uses this poetry to express his ambition and chants the character of plum blossom. The translated version gets rid of the constraints of the structure and words of the original text, and it omits the name of plum blossom. However, it directly explains the true meaning of the original text and translates “清气” into fragrance. The translation is natural and fluent, which is not only consistent with the original text, but also conveys the cultural connotation of “work hard on one’s own and leave the good qualities to the world” expressed in the poem to foreign readers accurately.
@@ Line 100: / Line 100: @@
 [Example 4]
-[ST] …哪怕刺耳、尖锐一些，我们也要采取闻过则喜的态度，做到有则改之、无则加勉。
+[ST] …哪怕刺耳、尖锐一些，我们也要采取闻过则喜的态度，做到有则改之、无则加勉。 (Xi, 2020:296)
-[TT] Even if their comments are harsh and sharp, we should be glad to hear them, so that we can correct our mistakes if we have made any and guard against them if we have not.
+[TT] Even if their comments are harsh and sharp, we should be glad to hear them, so that we can correct our mistakes if we have made any and guard against them if we have not. (Xi, 2020:346)
 [Comments] The translators add some adjectives and expand a word to a full sentence. The four-character expressions in China have meaningful connotations. When translating, the translators need to add some detailed information to help the understandings of the targeted readers. Therefore, the translators use addition to supplement the whole meaning, which is easy for foreigners to understand.
@@ Line 112: / Line 112: @@
 [Example 1]
-[ST] 四风
+[ST] 四风 (Xi, 2020:95)
-[TT] Four Malfeasances for favoring from over substance, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance
+[TT] Four Malfeasances for favoring from over substance, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance (Xi, 2020:119)
 [Comments] Here “四风” is the abbreviation for four problems happening in the leading group and it is harmful. “风” here is not the wind in English, instead it is a metaphor, which means that the bad habits or problems in the leading group can be spread quickly if not solved in a proper way. The translators use “malfeasance”, which can translate the meaning correctly; and they add some details to the translated version, from which the foreign readers can understand the meaning effectively.
@@ Line 120: / Line 120: @@
 [Example 2]
-[ST] 恩德相结者，谓之知己；腹心相照者，谓之知心。
+[ST] 恩德相结者，谓之知己；腹心相照者，谓之知心。(Xi, 2020:398)
-[TT] People drawn to each other by kindness and virtues make good friends; people who hold together with a meeting of minds make bosom friends.
+[TT] People drawn to each other by kindness and virtues make good friends; people who hold together with a meeting of minds make bosom friends. (Xi, 2020:462)
 [Comments] It is a typical example of Classical Chinese, which is different from today’s Mandarin and has full potential meaning for each word. So, the translator used paraphrase to explain the sentence, which can remove obscurities in the understandings to the original text and can create a communicative effect to the targeted readers.
@@ Line 128: / Line 128: @@
 [Example 3]
-[ST] 生搬硬套或强加于人都会引起水土不服。
+[ST] 生搬硬套或强加于人都会引起水土不服。(Xi, 2020:458)
-[TT] Blindly copying the models of others will only be counterproductive
+[TT] Blindly copying the models of others will only be counterproductive (Xi, 2020:532)
 [Comments] Here “水土不服” refers that a person cannot understand the weather condition and eating habits of one place. President Xi compares it to the unsuitable strategies used by some official people. The translators shift the original noun form into a clause, which is easy to understand. In this way, the translated version suits the habits of English expression, and would not cause misunderstandings to the targeted readers.
@@ Line 136: / Line 136: @@
 [Example 4]
-[ST] 打好改革组合拳
+[ST] 打好改革组合拳 (Xi, 2020:108)
-[TT] forge a synergy
+[TT] forge a synergy (Xi, 2020:133)
 [Comments] Here “打好改革组合拳” contains a figure of speech, metaphor, which compares the combination of several plans to the complete set of martial arts, the Chinese boxing. The translators omit the Chinese boxing, instead, they use “synergy”, which refers to the extra energy, power, success, etc. that is achieved by two or more people or companies working together, instead of on their own, which conforms to the meaning that our Chinese people work together to achieve the prosperity and success of the Reform and Opening-up. However, in this way, this kind of translation suits the goal well, but loses the cultural meaning.
@@ Line 147: / Line 147: @@
 [Example 1]
-[ST] 我将无我，不负人民。
+[ST] 我将无我，不负人民。(Xi, 2020:144)
-[TT] Never fail the people.
+[TT] Never fail the people. (Xi, 2020:170)
 [Comments] It is a sentence spoken by Xi Jinping in March, 2019 when he made a state visit to Italy. At that time, Italy’s speaker of the House of Representatives asked Xi Jinping what he was feeling when he was elected as the president of China. Here “我将无我, 不负人民” is Xi Jinping’s deepest expression of affection for the Chinese people and his firm declaration as a national leader for the country and people. “我将无我, 不负人民” is a kind of political words, which mainly reflect the position and development of our country. When translating, it should not only be faithful to the original text, but also be flexible. We should strive to convey China’s sovereignty completely and accurately. As for the translated version, “Never fail the people” spreads the meaning effectively and the targeted readers can understand the sentence accurately.
@@ Line 159: / Line 159: @@
 [Example 1]
-[ST] 天网恢恢，疏而不漏
+[ST] 天网恢恢，疏而不漏。(Xi, 2020:511)
-[TT] Justice has long arms.
+[TT] Justice has long arms. (Xi, 2020:592)
 [Comments] In this sentence, there is no equivalent meaning for “天网恢恢，疏而不漏” in English, so the translators use “Justice has long arms”, which is an English idiom, as a replacement. This kind of translation not only retains the original meaning, but also conforms to the English expression habits.
 Through text analysis, we can find that for these four categories, the literal translation can remain the original form and structure well to some extent, but also remains some obstacles for the targeted readers. In translating expressions with Chinese characteristics in the political essays, we should consider several aspects, such as politics, accuracy, purpose, and make a true arrangement to these aspects. So, the translated version should follow these rules and be rendered well. For those selected expressions, they are all selected from the political papers and essays whose purpose for translation was mainly about spreading the messages. So, for those expressions with Chinese characteristics, sometimes their Chinese characteristics will be omitted, which remains to be discussed and solved in the future.
 ==An Analysis from the Perspective of the Cultural Turn Theory==

@@ Line 53: / Line 53: @@
 According to the different stylistic features, the expressions with Chinese characteristics are divided into several categories, including political and economic terminology, literary quotations, four-character expressions and idioms and rhetoric expressions.
-Political and economic terminology refers to the strategic principles reflecting China’s national conditions and terms with Chinese cultural characteristics. They contain many expressions about our Party’s policies, national interests, political propositions, territorial sovereignty, etc. To a certain extent, they represent the code of conduct and guiding plan issued by the state and the government in an authoritative and standardized way. There are many expressions in political and economic terminology with Chinese characteristics, such as phrases with symmetrical form and structure, abbreviations of numbers, new expressions issued by the government, expressions with communication effect, repetition and so on.
+Political and economic terminology refers to the strategic principles reflecting China’s national conditions and terms with Chinese cultural characteristics. They contain many expressions about our Party’s policies, national interests, political propositions, territorial sovereignty, etc. To a certain extent, they represent the code of conduct and guiding plan issued by the state and the government in an authoritative and standardized way. There are many expressions in political and economic terminology with Chinese characteristics, such as phrases with symmetrical form and structure, abbreviations of numbers, new expressions issued by the government, expressions with communication effect, repetition and so on. (Ma, 2020:65-66)
-Literary quotations mainly refer to ancient Chinese poetry and prose with rich cultural connotation. Literary quotations can describe something in a concise and vivid way, and they are rhythmic. The content is often a high degree of refinement and generalization of life, creating a beautiful artistic conception with rich imagination and association. The characters are vivid; the language rhythm is clear and harmonious.
+Literary quotations mainly refer to ancient Chinese poetry and prose with rich cultural connotation. Literary quotations can describe something in a concise and vivid way, and they are rhythmic. The content is often a high degree of refinement and generalization of life, creating a beautiful artistic conception with rich imagination and association. The characters are vivid; the language rhythm is clear and harmonious.(Lai, 2019: 5-6)
 Four-character expressions and idioms have a certain structure form and contain connotations. They often appear as a whole in sentences, such as subject, object, attribute and so on. The vast majority of four-character expressions and idioms have been used since ancient times. The usage of these expressions is often different from modern Chinese. They contain rich allusions and are frequently quoted in the state leaders’ speeches. Idioms are simple, profound, philosophical and easy to understand. They are stereotyped sentences, often with exhortation or educational significance. As one of the essences of national language and culture, they have rich cultural connotations. In persuasive speeches, these expressions can prove or summarize opinions, and most of them are created by the people and widely spread. They are colloquial, popular.
 Rhetoric expressions refer to the sentences which are involved with the use of language skills, rules, ways or methods, such as pun, metaphor, personification, metonymy, exaggeration, contrast, etc. In political works, the use of rhetorical devices makes the text of the works more beautiful, more persuasive.
-The features of expressions with Chinese Characteristic are as following: first, these expressions contain full of social-cultural implication and have richer features of the times. Second, there are no direct translation or equivalent translation of such expressions in English, which means that they are uniquely Chinese. Third, these expressions are concise and popular, which raise great discussion and appreciation after publication. Fourth, the range of expressions with Chinese characteristics is large, covering sectors such as politics, economy, culture, history, society and people’s daily life.
+The features of expressions with Chinese Characteristic are as following: first, these expressions contain full of social-cultural implication and have richer features of the times. Second, there are no direct translation or equivalent translation of such expressions in English, which means that they are uniquely Chinese. Third, these expressions are concise and popular, which raise great discussion and appreciation after publication. Fourth, the range of expressions with Chinese characteristics is large, covering sectors such as politics, economy, culture, history, society and people’s daily life.(Tang, 2013:157-158)
 ===Introduction of ''Xi Jinping: The Governance of China Ⅲ''===
-''Xi Jinping: The Governance of China Ⅲ'' contains a complication of 92 of Xi Jinping’s spoken and written works from October 18, 2017 to January 13, 2020, along with 41 photographs. It is divided into 19 sections by topic, with the articles in each section arranged in chronological order. For ease of reading, notes are to be found at the end of relevant articles.
+''Xi Jinping: The Governance of China Ⅲ'' contains a complication of 92 of Xi Jinping’s spoken and written works from October 18, 2017 to January 13, 2020, along with 41 photographs. It is divided into 19 sections by topic, with the articles in each section arranged in chronological order. For ease of reading, notes are to be found at the end of relevant articles. ''Xi Jinping: The Governance of China Ⅲ'' vividly recorded the process that since the 19th CPC National Congress, guided by the thought that is remaining true to the Party’s original aspiration and founding mission, the CPC Central committee, with Xi Jinping as its core, has fully considered the overall goal of national rejuvenation and the international situation in a context of change at a level unseen in a century, and has coordinated efforts on the great struggle, the great project, the great cause and the great dream. The third volume recorded the great practice which the CPC Central Committee, leads the whole party and whole country to make great progress in all fields of things, which shows the latest achievements of localization of Marxism in China. It has also contributed a Chinese perspective and Chinese ideas to promote the establishment of a global community of a shared future, and it is an authoritative book that reflects the Xi Jinping’s Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics. The publication of ''Xi Jinping: The Governance of China Ⅲ'' has helped officials and the public to understand and apply Xi Jinping’s Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and to strengthen their commitment to the Four Consciousnesses, the Four-sphere Confidence and the Two Upholds, and to fight for the final victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and also to help the international community gain a full appreciation of the thought and the reasons for the success of the CPC, Marxism and Chinese Socialism. (Xi, 2020: Introduction)
-Third, the English version should accurately explain the essence of the original text, and it should conform to the expression habits of the English language. The translated text should conform to the using habits of the target language English, which can make it easier for foreigners to understand.
+As for the stylistic features of the English Version, the book contains a complication of 92 of Xi Jinping’s spoken and written works, which all belongs to the political writing. First of all, the principles of the political writing are faithfulness, accuracy, clarity and completeness, which means that the political writing should have formal and standard use of language in terms of vocabulary. Political writings focus on the logical clarity and precise reasoning, and should avoid ambiguity and vague expressions. Second, political writings mainly reflect the condition and development of our country, and are highly sensitive. When translating, they should not only be rigorous and faithful to the original text, but also represent the sovereignty and position of our country, and strive to convey the views and attitudes of our government completely and accurately.Third, the English version should accurately explain the essence of the original text, and it should conform to the expression habits of the English language. The translated text should conform to the using habits of the target language English, which can make it easier for foreigners to understand. (Tang, 2013:157-158)
 == Translation Analysis ==

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 == Literature Overview ==
-Domestic scholars have made a lot of explorations on the English translation of terms with Chinese characteristics. There are two characteristics as a whole: first, some scholars summarized the appropriate translation strategies and methods by studying the English translation of current political terms and legal terms with Chinese characteristics, which are selected from the English versions of newspapers, political papers and other texts. (Yang, 2006:73-74; Wang, 2020:87-93; Tang, 2013:157-158) Second, under the guidance of particular translation theory, scholars analyzed and studied the English translation of Chinese vocabulary and current political terms selected from the speeches of Chinese leaders and other text in various aspects. For example, most scholars studied the English translation of terms with Chinese characteristics from the perspective of Skopos Theory and explored appropriate English translation strategies. (Lai, 2019)
+Domestic scholars have made a lot of explorations on the English translation of terms with Chinese characteristics. There are two characteristics as a whole: first, some scholars summarized the appropriate translation strategies and methods by studying the English translation of current political terms and legal terms with Chinese characteristics, which are selected from the English versions of newspapers, political papers and other texts. (Yang, 2006:73-74; Wang, 2020:87-93; Tang, 2013:157-158) Second, under the guidance of particular translation theory, scholars analyzed and studied the English translation of Chinese vocabulary and current political terms selected from the speeches of Chinese leaders and other text in various aspects. For example, most scholars studied the English translation of terms with Chinese characteristics from the perspective of Skopos Theory and explored appropriate English translation strategies. (Lai, 2019：1-2)
 As far as the domestic research status is concerned, there are still some deficiencies in the research of expressions with Chinese characteristics. First, the theory is relatively unitary. Most scholars use German Functionalist Translation Theory, especially Katharina Reiss’s text typology and Vermeer’s Skopos theory. Secondly, the research sample is limited. Most of the scholars talk about political and economic terms, while there is little research on the translation of classical culture terms with Chinese characteristics. The research on translation methods and strategies of political and economic terms is of little use for the whole translation of expressions with Chinese characteristics. Third, the research on “words with Chinese characteristics” is more than that of “expressions with Chinese characteristics”. When consulting references (June 9, 2021), we can find that there are 69 articles about “expressions with Chinese characteristics” and 484 about “words with Chinese characteristics”. It can be seen that most scholars have done a lot of research on the English translation of words with Chinese characteristics. We should pay more attention to the English translation of expressions with Chinese characteristics, and seek the best way to tell Chinese stories.

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 With the Reform and Opening-up and the enhancement of China’s strength, the international status of China has been improving significantly. In recent years, with going-global strategy and bringing-in strategy, China has been opening up widely and cooperated with other countries towards a shared future. Under this background, Chinese culture is an important part for China to communicate and cooperate with other countries. What’s more, Chinese Socialism in the New Era has attracted worldwide attention, as the academic circles are paying attention to the translation of expressions with Chinese characteristics in foreign publicity translation, especially for those political articles.
-Expressions with Chinese characteristics refer to terms and expressions that have the characteristics of Chinese language and culture and that embody the unique things and phenomena in China. In recent years, more and more scholars have studied the English translation of expressions with Chinese characteristics, most of them use German Functionalist Translation Theory, especially Katharina Reiss’s text typology and Vermeer’s Skopos theory. I choose culture turn theory, for the reason that translating these expressions not only should pay attention to the current situation, but also should study in the broad history scope. So, I choose communicative translation theory and I will explore and analyze texts under the guidance of this theory, hoping to provide a new direction for the study of English translation of expressions with Chinese characteristics.
+Expressions with Chinese characteristics refer to terms and expressions that have the characteristics of Chinese language and culture and that embody the unique things and phenomena in China. In recent years, more and more scholars have studied the English translation of expressions with Chinese characteristics, most of them use German Functionalist Translation Theory, especially Katharina Reiss’s text typology and Vermeer’s Skopos theory. I choose culture turn theory, for the reason that translating these expressions not only should pay attention to the current situation, but also should study in the broad history scope. So, I choose communicative translation theory and I will explore and analyze texts under the guidance of this theory, hoping to provide a new direction for the study of English translation of expressions with Chinese characteristics. (Tang, 2013:157-158)
-''Xi Jinping: The Governance of China Ⅲ'' contains a complication of 92 of Xi Jinping’s spoken and written works from October 18, 2017 to January 13, 2020. It is a series of articles put forward by Xi Jinping with many original ideas drawn from his experiences in the governance of China in the new era. In this book, there are many expressions with Chinese Characteristics, whose C-E translations are vital for the transmission of Chinese culture. Additionally, the third volume, published in 2020, is one of the latest materials for studying Chinese Socialism in the new era.
+''Xi Jinping: The Governance of China Ⅲ'' contains a complication of 92 of Xi Jinping’s spoken and written works from October 18, 2017 to January 13, 2020. It is a series of articles put forward by Xi Jinping with many original ideas drawn from his experiences in the governance of China in the new era. In this book, there are many expressions with Chinese Characteristics, whose C-E translations are vital for the transmission of Chinese culture. Additionally, the third volume, published in 2020, is one of the latest materials for studying Chinese Socialism in the new era.  (Xi, 2020: Introduction)
 By learning the English version of some political writings and watching some videos on the Internet, I’m interested in the translation of expressions with Chinese characteristics. Also, I have learned a lot about Xi Jinping’s thought, which contains useful knowledge for the governance of China. As an English major, by studying the translation of expressions with Chinese characteristics, I can consolidate and deepen my understanding of professional theories and knowledge. Moreover, by studying and practicing different cultural corpora, my intercultural communication ability can get progress.

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	[9]伍小君 Wu Xiaojun.翻译研究中的文化转向:批判与反思Cultural Turn in Translation Studies: Criticism and Reflection [J].外语学刊 Foreign Language Research,2009(04):103-105.		[9]伍小君 Wu Xiaojun.翻译研究中的文化转向:批判与反思Cultural Turn in Translation Studies: Criticism and Reflection [J].外语学刊 Foreign Language Research,2009(04):103-105.

−	Written by ~~Liwenxuan~~ --[[User:Li Wenxuan\|Li Wenxuan]] ([[User talk:Li Wenxuan\|talk]]) 11:25, 12 December 2021 (UTC)	+	Written by --[[User:Li Wenxuan\|Li Wenxuan]] ([[User talk:Li Wenxuan\|talk]]) 11:25, 12 December 2021 (UTC)