Hist Trans EN 5 - Revision history

Li Yi: /* The Background and Cause of Translation Movement */

2021-12-15T11:54:44Z

The Background and Cause of Translation Movement

Li Yi: /* The Background and Cause of Translation Movement */

2021-12-15T11:53:31Z

The Background and Cause of Translation Movement

Li Yi: /* The Background and Cause of Translation Movement */

2021-12-15T11:30:51Z

The Background and Cause of Translation Movement

Li Yi: /* The Background and Cause of Translation Movement */

2021-12-15T11:24:49Z

The Background and Cause of Translation Movement

Ye Weijie: /* Conclusion */

2021-12-15T07:00:55Z

Conclusion

Ye Weijie: /* The Influence of the Arabic Translation Movement */

2021-12-15T07:00:10Z

The Influence of the Arabic Translation Movement

Ye Weijie: /* Baghdad Translation Center */

2021-12-15T06:59:09Z

Baghdad Translation Center

Ye Weijie: /* The Background and Cause of Translation Movement */

2021-12-15T06:58:03Z

The Background and Cause of Translation Movement

Ye Weijie: /* Introduction */

2021-12-15T06:56:36Z

Introduction

Yang Ye at 05:31, 15 December 2021

2021-12-15T05:31:23Z

Show changes

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:54, 15 December 2021
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	Damascus, the capital of the former Umayyad dynasty, was handed over to Muslim rule after several regime changes. Prior to this, Damascus was an important center of Greco-Roman culture, with Greek as the official language, while the new capital of the Abbasid dynasty, Baghdad, was close to Persia. Ctesiphon, the old capital of the Sassanid Dynasty, was influenced by Persian culture before Islamic cultural rule. Therefore, during the translation movement at that time, a considerable number of Persian translators participated in the translation, and a large number of Persian classics were translated into Arabic and retained . "The Persian influence set back the original life of the Arabians, and paved the way for a new era characterized by the development of science and academic research." By translating classic works of other ethnic groups, cultural exchanges between different ethnic groups can be realized. Translation Played an important role as a bridge. At the same time, the Persian aristocracy made great contributions to the establishment of the Abbasid dynasty and was quite influential in the regime. The caliph also urgently needed the support of this force to promote cultural integration and identity identification among different ethnic groups. Therefore, geopolitical factors are undoubtedly one of the important driving forces for the vigorous development of the Abbasid dynasty translation movement.		Damascus, the capital of the former Umayyad dynasty, was handed over to Muslim rule after several regime changes. Prior to this, Damascus was an important center of Greco-Roman culture, with Greek as the official language, while the new capital of the Abbasid dynasty, Baghdad, was close to Persia. Ctesiphon, the old capital of the Sassanid Dynasty, was influenced by Persian culture before Islamic cultural rule. Therefore, during the translation movement at that time, a considerable number of Persian translators participated in the translation, and a large number of Persian classics were translated into Arabic and retained . "The Persian influence set back the original life of the Arabians, and paved the way for a new era characterized by the development of science and academic research." By translating classic works of other ethnic groups, cultural exchanges between different ethnic groups can be realized. Translation Played an important role as a bridge. At the same time, the Persian aristocracy made great contributions to the establishment of the Abbasid dynasty and was quite influential in the regime. The caliph also urgently needed the support of this force to promote cultural integration and identity identification among different ethnic groups. Therefore, geopolitical factors are undoubtedly one of the important driving forces for the vigorous development of the Abbasid dynasty translation movement.
−	~~（Huang Zhiyun, Zhang Min 2021,37(06):81-85）~~
−
−	Damascus, the capital of the former Umayyad dynasty, was handed over to Muslim rule after several regime changes. Before this, Damascus was an important center of Greco-Roman culture, with Greek as the official language, while the new capital of the Abbasid dynasty, Baghdad, was close to Persia. Ctesiphon, the old capital of the Sassanid Dynasty, was influenced by Persian culture before Islamic cultural rule. Therefore, during the translation movement at that time, a considerable number of Persian translators participated in the translation, and a large number of Persian classics were translated into Arabic and retained . "The Persian influence set back the original life of the Arabians, and paved the way for a new era characterized by the development of science and academic research." By translating classic works of other ethnic groups, cultural exchanges between different ethnic groups can be realized. Translation Played an important role as a bridge. At the same time, the Persian aristocracy made great contributions to the establishment of the Abbasid dynasty and was quite influential in the regime. The caliph also urgently needed the support of this force to promote cultural integration and identity identification among different ethnic groups. Therefore, geopolitical factors are undoubtedly one of the important driving forces for the vigorous development of the Abbasid dynasty translation movement. --[[User:Li Yi\|Li Yi]] ([[User talk:Li Yi\|talk]]) 11:24, 15 December 2021 (UTC)
	（Huang Zhiyun, Zhang Min 2021,37(06):81-85）		（Huang Zhiyun, Zhang Min 2021,37(06):81-85）

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:53, 15 December 2021
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	With the popularization of academic knowledge and the dissemination of various books, the scientific and cultural literacy of translators has also been comprehensively improved. The increase in knowledge reserves in astronomy, medicine, philosophy, etc. makes translation activities not only at the level of mechanical code switching. , But based on understanding and even proficiency in the meaning of the text, improving the level of translation in terms of translation quality and translation speed. （He Pu 2012）		With the popularization of academic knowledge and the dissemination of various books, the scientific and cultural literacy of translators has also been comprehensively improved. The increase in knowledge reserves in astronomy, medicine, philosophy, etc. makes translation activities not only at the level of mechanical code switching. , But based on understanding and even proficiency in the meaning of the text, improving the level of translation in terms of translation quality and translation speed. （He Pu 2012）
−
−	Maimon, the seventh caliph of the Abbasid dynasty, established a "wisdom palace" based on the Mansour Royal Library to recruit academic elites from all walks of life for translation work. The historian Yakubi once described the academic style in Baghdad: "Scholars in Baghdad have a higher education level, where experts are more knowledgeable in tradition, grammarians are more reliable in syntax... Logicians think more clearly Missionaries are also more eloquent.” Although the translators of this period were not true translators, they all had received strict philosophical and logical training. Some Syrian Christians especially returned to Greece to study to improve their language skills. They used Syriac as their mother tongue as a translation agency and played an important role in the translation movement. The translators in the Abbasid period built bridges between different languages and cultures with their outstanding professional ability, serious translation attitude and unlimited enthusiasm for science, which became another important driving force for the vigorous development of the translation movement.
−
−	With the popularization of academic knowledge and the dissemination of various books, the scientific and cultural literacy of translators has also been comprehensively improved. The increase in knowledge reserves in astronomy, medicine, philosophy, etc. makes translation activities not only at the level of mechanical code-switching. , But based on understanding and even proficiency in the meaning of the text, improving the level of translation in terms of translation quality and translation speed. （He Pu 2012）--[[User:Li Yi\|Li Yi]] ([[User talk:Li Yi\|talk]]) 11:30, 15 December 2021 (UTC)

	== Baghdad Translation Center ==		== Baghdad Translation Center ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:30, 15 December 2021
Line 58:		Line 58:

	With the popularization of academic knowledge and the dissemination of various books, the scientific and cultural literacy of translators has also been comprehensively improved. The increase in knowledge reserves in astronomy, medicine, philosophy, etc. makes translation activities not only at the level of mechanical code switching. , But based on understanding and even proficiency in the meaning of the text, improving the level of translation in terms of translation quality and translation speed. （He Pu 2012）		With the popularization of academic knowledge and the dissemination of various books, the scientific and cultural literacy of translators has also been comprehensively improved. The increase in knowledge reserves in astronomy, medicine, philosophy, etc. makes translation activities not only at the level of mechanical code switching. , But based on understanding and even proficiency in the meaning of the text, improving the level of translation in terms of translation quality and translation speed. （He Pu 2012）
		+
		+	Maimon, the seventh caliph of the Abbasid dynasty, established a "wisdom palace" based on the Mansour Royal Library to recruit academic elites from all walks of life for translation work. The historian Yakubi once described the academic style in Baghdad: "Scholars in Baghdad have a higher education level, where experts are more knowledgeable in tradition, grammarians are more reliable in syntax... Logicians think more clearly Missionaries are also more eloquent.” Although the translators of this period were not true translators, they all had received strict philosophical and logical training. Some Syrian Christians especially returned to Greece to study to improve their language skills. They used Syriac as their mother tongue as a translation agency and played an important role in the translation movement. The translators in the Abbasid period built bridges between different languages and cultures with their outstanding professional ability, serious translation attitude and unlimited enthusiasm for science, which became another important driving force for the vigorous development of the translation movement.
		+
		+	With the popularization of academic knowledge and the dissemination of various books, the scientific and cultural literacy of translators has also been comprehensively improved. The increase in knowledge reserves in astronomy, medicine, philosophy, etc. makes translation activities not only at the level of mechanical code-switching. , But based on understanding and even proficiency in the meaning of the text, improving the level of translation in terms of translation quality and translation speed. （He Pu 2012）--[[User:Li Yi\|Li Yi]] ([[User talk:Li Yi\|talk]]) 11:30, 15 December 2021 (UTC)

	== Baghdad Translation Center ==		== Baghdad Translation Center ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:24, 15 December 2021
Line 32:		Line 32:

	Damascus, the capital of the former Umayyad dynasty, was handed over to Muslim rule after several regime changes. Prior to this, Damascus was an important center of Greco-Roman culture, with Greek as the official language, while the new capital of the Abbasid dynasty, Baghdad, was close to Persia. Ctesiphon, the old capital of the Sassanid Dynasty, was influenced by Persian culture before Islamic cultural rule. Therefore, during the translation movement at that time, a considerable number of Persian translators participated in the translation, and a large number of Persian classics were translated into Arabic and retained . "The Persian influence set back the original life of the Arabians, and paved the way for a new era characterized by the development of science and academic research." By translating classic works of other ethnic groups, cultural exchanges between different ethnic groups can be realized. Translation Played an important role as a bridge. At the same time, the Persian aristocracy made great contributions to the establishment of the Abbasid dynasty and was quite influential in the regime. The caliph also urgently needed the support of this force to promote cultural integration and identity identification among different ethnic groups. Therefore, geopolitical factors are undoubtedly one of the important driving forces for the vigorous development of the Abbasid dynasty translation movement.		Damascus, the capital of the former Umayyad dynasty, was handed over to Muslim rule after several regime changes. Prior to this, Damascus was an important center of Greco-Roman culture, with Greek as the official language, while the new capital of the Abbasid dynasty, Baghdad, was close to Persia. Ctesiphon, the old capital of the Sassanid Dynasty, was influenced by Persian culture before Islamic cultural rule. Therefore, during the translation movement at that time, a considerable number of Persian translators participated in the translation, and a large number of Persian classics were translated into Arabic and retained . "The Persian influence set back the original life of the Arabians, and paved the way for a new era characterized by the development of science and academic research." By translating classic works of other ethnic groups, cultural exchanges between different ethnic groups can be realized. Translation Played an important role as a bridge. At the same time, the Persian aristocracy made great contributions to the establishment of the Abbasid dynasty and was quite influential in the regime. The caliph also urgently needed the support of this force to promote cultural integration and identity identification among different ethnic groups. Therefore, geopolitical factors are undoubtedly one of the important driving forces for the vigorous development of the Abbasid dynasty translation movement.
		+	（Huang Zhiyun, Zhang Min 2021,37(06):81-85）
		+
		+	Damascus, the capital of the former Umayyad dynasty, was handed over to Muslim rule after several regime changes. Before this, Damascus was an important center of Greco-Roman culture, with Greek as the official language, while the new capital of the Abbasid dynasty, Baghdad, was close to Persia. Ctesiphon, the old capital of the Sassanid Dynasty, was influenced by Persian culture before Islamic cultural rule. Therefore, during the translation movement at that time, a considerable number of Persian translators participated in the translation, and a large number of Persian classics were translated into Arabic and retained . "The Persian influence set back the original life of the Arabians, and paved the way for a new era characterized by the development of science and academic research." By translating classic works of other ethnic groups, cultural exchanges between different ethnic groups can be realized. Translation Played an important role as a bridge. At the same time, the Persian aristocracy made great contributions to the establishment of the Abbasid dynasty and was quite influential in the regime. The caliph also urgently needed the support of this force to promote cultural integration and identity identification among different ethnic groups. Therefore, geopolitical factors are undoubtedly one of the important driving forces for the vigorous development of the Abbasid dynasty translation movement. --[[User:Li Yi\|Li Yi]] ([[User talk:Li Yi\|talk]]) 11:24, 15 December 2021 (UTC)
	（Huang Zhiyun, Zhang Min 2021,37(06):81-85）		（Huang Zhiyun, Zhang Min 2021,37(06):81-85）

@@ Line 106: / Line 106: @@
 Furthermore, the development of science and technology has closely linked the countries of the world, and the collision of multiculturalism has become the theme of the development of civilization in the world today. The reason for the success of the Arab translation movement is that Muslims' tolerance towards other religions and foreign cultures is a crucial part. This is also the main reason why Arab-Islamic culture has absorbed the millennium culture of ancient Greece and Rome in a century. In summary, the Abbasid dynasty’s open and inclusive attitude towards academic activities led the Arab translation movement into a golden age. The vigorous development of the translation movement during this period promoted the progress of the natural sciences of the Arab Empire, and laid a solid academic foundation for the early inheritance of science and culture, as well as the exchanges and mutual learning between Eastern and Western civilizations. Despite the decline of the Arab empire, the characteristics of Arab-Islamic culture will continue in new ways. In the contemporary era, the Abbasid dynasty translation movement provides the world with a deeper historical perspective, and provides a useful reference for the training of translators and cultural exchanges in various countries around the world.
-Although the vigorous Arab translation movement for a century has been obliterated in the long river of history, the impact of the Arab-Islamic culture produced is far-reaching. Throughout the long history, one can still hear the voices of many Muslims and non-Muslim scholars struggling to translate manuscripts in the "Wisdom Hall", as well as their clamor for truth and academic culture; you can still hear the Arab Muslims in "for Allah" Under the slogan of "War", the screams of expansion riding on a war horse; I can still imagine the amazing scenes of Arab merchants traveling thousands of miles and sailing merchant ships to China and Scandinavia. Under the influence of the strong Arab-Islamic culture, the people of the Arab empire have discarded national and racial differences and formed a spirit of "Muslim brothers and sisters" psychologically. This strong culture and common psychological cognition give Arab-Islamic culture a tenacious vitality, and it still arouses echoes from time to time in Arab countries and the Islamic world.
+Although the vigorous Arab translation movement for a century has been obliterated in the long river of history, the impact of the Arab-Islamic culture produced is far-reaching. Throughout the long history, one can still hear the voices of many Muslims and non-Muslim scholars struggling to translate manuscripts in the "Wisdom Hall", as well as their clamor for truth and academic culture; you can still hear the Arab Muslims in "for Allah" Under the slogan of "War", the screams of expansion riding on a war horse; I can still imagine the amazing scenes of Arab merchants traveling thousands of miles and sailing merchant ships to China and Scandinavia. Under the influence of the strong Arab-Islamic culture, the people of the Arab empire have discarded national and racial differences and formed a spirit of "Muslim brothers and sisters" psychologically. This strong culture and common psychological cognition give Arab-Islamic culture a tenacious vitality, and it still arouses echoes from time to time in Arab countries and the Islamic world.  (Yang Junjiao 2004）
 == References==

@@ Line 84: / Line 84: @@
 In the golden age of the translation movement of the Abbasid dynasty, a large number of natural science and medical works from Persia and Greece were translated into Arabic. Translators learn astronomy and geography in the translation process, digest the source text and perform creative translation, use Arabic to annotate and explain the unclear or obscure meanings of the original text, and then use the target language that is easy for Muslims to output, which enhances The universality of the text promoted the popularization of Muslim science and culture. "In the eighty years after the establishment of the Abbasid dynasty, the cultural essence of the above-mentioned peoples has been recorded in Arabic. I didn’t know anything about arithmetic, geometry, medicine and other terms, and I knew Aristotle’s logic. Arabs who have never heard of philosophy can use Arabic to express Euclid’s most refined theories, express the law of sines in Indian mathematics, and express Aristotle’s Materialism, Ptolemy’s principles of astronomy, Galen’s medicine, Bizley’s motto, and the politics of the Persian king.” By studying translations, the Arabs built an Islamic medical system on the basis of native medicine. From theory to clinical practice, it has corrected and made up for the medical gap before the Abbasid dynasty. During the Abbasid period, medical achievements have been fruitful and have attracted worldwide attention. At the same time, research in the fields of pharmacology, botany, mathematics, and physics has gradually deepened, and many authoritative works have been published, which have made inestimable contributions to the development of modern science in China, the Arab world, and Europe, and even the development of human civilization. contribute.
-Whether it is for the caliph’s personal preferences or serving in religious ceremonies, the translation of astrological and astronomical works has promoted the development of modern Arab science and technology. Some translators became astronomers or scientists by translating classics, thus realizing the transformation of their identities. After reading the translated works, many Arabs developed a keen interest in astronomy and mathematics, and then continued to translate. The main works of Euclid and Ptolemy were also translated into Arabic during this period. The translation of classics and scientific development promoted each other, and academic atmosphere became popular for a time.
+Whether it is for the caliph’s personal preferences or serving in religious ceremonies, the translation of astrological and astronomical works has promoted the development of modern Arab science and technology. Some translators became astronomers or scientists by translating classics, thus realizing the transformation of their identities. After reading the translated works, many Arabs developed a keen interest in astronomy and mathematics, and then continued to translate. The main works of Euclid and Ptolemy were also translated into Arabic during this period. The translation of classics and scientific development promoted each other, and academic atmosphere became popular for a time.  （Zhang Hong 2007:49-56）
 .The formation of Arab-Islamic culture:
@@ Line 94: / Line 94: @@
 .Having Promoted the Renaissance in Europe:
-In the history of modern science, the Western Middle Ages has been given the image of a "dark age". In the Middle Ages from 500 to 1500 AD, because European countries pursued a religious theology and idealistic view of nature, the priests of the Roman Church only knew that they adhered to the dogma of their church. Religion seriously hindered the development of science. Therefore, Western science was here. The stage of development is unusually slow. The Christian churches in the West had brutally attacked the ancient Greek heritage and regarded this as a heritage related to idolatry that was harmful to the Christian faith. Christians were forbidden to learn more. At that time, the writings of most Greek philosophers and writers were despised. . The Byzantine emperor Constantine even closed the philosophical school in Athens in 529 AD, and this hostile attitude towards Greek heritage continued for centuries. Muslim scholars saved the Greek heritage by studying and in-depth annotations of the writings of Aristotle, Gran, and Ptolemy. It was through the labor of these Muslim scholars that the European countries that were shrouded in the dark age at that time realized their true and forgotten traditions of Greek science and philosophy. It is precisely because of the Arab world's translation of ancient Greek and Roman scientific and philosophical works that the natural and human sciences in ancient Greek and Roman cultures were preserved, so that the translation of Arabic documents in Europe in the late Middle Ages promoted European politics In this regard, the cultural revival is indispensable for the contribution of the Arab Translation Movement.
+In the history of modern science, the Western Middle Ages has been given the image of a "dark age". In the Middle Ages from 500 to 1500 AD, because European countries pursued a religious theology and idealistic view of nature, the priests of the Roman Church only knew that they adhered to the dogma of their church. Religion seriously hindered the development of science. Therefore, Western science was here. The stage of development is unusually slow. The Christian churches in the West had brutally attacked the ancient Greek heritage and regarded this as a heritage related to idolatry that was harmful to the Christian faith. Christians were forbidden to learn more. At that time, the writings of most Greek philosophers and writers were despised. . The Byzantine emperor Constantine even closed the philosophical school in Athens in 529 AD, and this hostile attitude towards Greek heritage continued for centuries. Muslim scholars saved the Greek heritage by studying and in-depth annotations of the writings of Aristotle, Gran, and Ptolemy. It was through the labor of these Muslim scholars that the European countries that were shrouded in the dark age at that time realized their true and forgotten traditions of Greek science and philosophy. It is precisely because of the Arab world's translation of ancient Greek and Roman scientific and philosophical works that the natural and human sciences in ancient Greek and Roman cultures were preserved, so that the translation of Arabic documents in Europe in the late Middle Ages promoted European politics In this regard, the cultural revival is indispensable for the contribution of the Arab Translation Movement. （Zhang Zhizhong 2008(01):3-17.）
 == Conclusion==

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 Before the Arab conquest, there was a tradition of studying ancient Greek cultural classics and translating them into Syriac. With the expansion of Islamic countries and the spread of religion, Arabic was popularized as an official language. At that time, there were many Syrians, Persians, Egyptians, Jews, Bebers, Spanish, Sicilians, and even Italians have become Muslims, and the Arabic language has been greatly popularized. During the reign of the Caliph dynasty, due to its rulers' enthusiasm for academic research and translation, under the impetus of the rulers, the Arab region in the Middle Ages became the center of science and translation.
-Baghdad was the capital of the Abbasid Caliph dynasty. The rulers of the dynasty strongly supported the translation and paid the translators a very substantial compensation. With the support of the caliph ruler, a large number of Syrian, ancient Persian and Sanskrit texts were translated. At that time, they were most interested in medicine and philosophy. The choice of translation work text was not only political and cultural, but the personal interests of the current caliph and courtiers were also important factors. The Arab world attaches great importance to astronomy and calendar, mainly for the service of its religion. They used astronomy and calendar to accurately calculate the exact time of the five prayers, so that they could give the correct latitude and longitude coordinates facing the holy city of Mecca in any Islamic mosque for pilgrimage and prayer, and accurately calculated the time of fasting The exact number of days of the period. Therefore, many caliphs of the Abbasid dynasty paid great attention to the translation of astronomy and calendar classics. During the reign of the third-generation caliph Harun Al-Rashid (Harun Al-Rashid, said to be the prototype of the protagonist in the story of "The Thousand and One Nights"), the "Treasury of Knowledge" library was Established, it contains a large number of trophies of Greek literature and science obtained by defeating Byzantium. By the time of the fourth caliph Al-Mamun (reigned 813-833), Mamun was built in Baghdad in 830 AD The “House of Wisdom” (House of Wisdom), which is larger than the “Treasure House of Knowledge”, aims to translate the scientific and philosophical works of ancient Greece into Arabic. A large number of ancient Syriac, ancient Persian, and texts can be obtained here. In addition to translation, it is worth mentioning that during this period, many ancient Greek texts were translated into Arabic and preserved. In the 9th and 10th centuries AD, the city of Baghdad was the center of a vast translation project whose goal was to translate ancient Greek scientific and philosophical works into Arabic. This event had a profound impact on the development of science and philosophy in the entire Arab world, and directly brought about the dramatic changes in the culture and ideas of the region at that time. At that time, Hunayn Ibn Ishaq was in charge of the translation work. He and his more than 90 people translated a large number of Plato and Aristotle's works: Plato's Dialogues and "The Utopia", Aristotle's Logic Essays Set The Organon, including Categories, On Interpretation, Pior Analytics, Posterior Analytics, Topics, On Sophistical Refutations, The Metaphysics.
+Baghdad was the capital of the Abbasid Caliph dynasty. The rulers of the dynasty strongly supported the translation and paid the translators a very substantial compensation. With the support of the caliph ruler, a large number of Syrian, ancient Persian and Sanskrit texts were translated. At that time, they were most interested in medicine and philosophy. The choice of translation work text was not only political and cultural, but the personal interests of the current caliph and courtiers were also important factors. The Arab world attaches great importance to astronomy and calendar, mainly for the service of its religion. They used astronomy and calendar to accurately calculate the exact time of the five prayers, so that they could give the correct latitude and longitude coordinates facing the holy city of Mecca in any Islamic mosque for pilgrimage and prayer, and accurately calculated the time of fasting The exact number of days of the period. Therefore, many caliphs of the Abbasid dynasty paid great attention to the translation of astronomy and calendar classics. During the reign of the third-generation caliph Harun Al-Rashid (Harun Al-Rashid, said to be the prototype of the protagonist in the story of "The Thousand and One Nights"), the "Treasury of Knowledge" library was Established, it contains a large number of trophies of Greek literature and science obtained by defeating Byzantium. By the time of the fourth caliph Al-Mamun (reigned 813-833), Mamun was built in Baghdad in 830 AD The “House of Wisdom” (House of Wisdom), which is larger than the “Treasure House of Knowledge”, aims to translate the scientific and philosophical works of ancient Greece into Arabic. A large number of ancient Syriac, ancient Persian, and texts can be obtained here. In addition to translation, it is worth mentioning that during this period, many ancient Greek texts were translated into Arabic and preserved. In the 9th and 10th centuries AD, the city of Baghdad was the center of a vast translation project whose goal was to translate ancient Greek scientific and philosophical works into Arabic. This event had a profound impact on the development of science and philosophy in the entire Arab world, and directly brought about the dramatic changes in the culture and ideas of the region at that time. At that time, Hunayn Ibn Ishaq was in charge of the translation work. He and his more than 90 people translated a large number of Plato and Aristotle's works: Plato's Dialogues and "The Utopia", Aristotle's Logic Essays Set The Organon, including Categories, On Interpretation, Pior Analytics, Posterior Analytics, Topics, On Sophistical Refutations, The Metaphysics.   （Xie Tianzhen 2009.7）
 In addition to noting the translations of the original authors, the Arab scientists of this period also contained translational elements in their own works. Al-Razi (865-925), the author of the most important medicinal work at the time, was a student of Hunayn’s disciple. His most famous "Medical Integration" actually had a lot of content compiled, and the book collected All the medical knowledge of ancient Greece, India and the Middle East that was known at that time.
@@ Line 72: / Line 72: @@
 During this period, Al-Khwarizmi (?-835) introduced Indian numbers and Indian algorithms to Arab countries, and later spread them to the world through Europe, which is what we now call "Arabic numbers".
-The "Palace of Wisdom" established in 830 AD was the result of Arab absorbing the cultural wealth of China, India, Persia, and ancient Greece. A large number of translation activities continued until the decline of the empire in the 13th century. Translation has had a profound impact on the development of science and philosophy throughout the Arab world. For translators in Baghdad, the translation works play the role of raw materials, and the translated text is not the goal, but the catalyst that stimulates the original ideas and products of knowledge. Therefore, translators regard translation as a creative process, and the translation is often accompanied by comments, summaries or explanatory notes to make the original text easier to understand. Translators are often experts in the field of their translation. In translation, they not only exert their own understanding and comprehensive ability, but also practice their own creativity. A new ideological system was established with the help of translation and became the basis of Arab-Muslim culture. In this context, the prosperous Arab astronomy took the lead in blooming flowers from here, forming the so-called "Baghdad School" of later generations. The works of Alaba during this period were translated into Latin by later European academic circles, which in turn influenced the entire Western civilization.
+The "Palace of Wisdom" established in 830 AD was the result of Arab absorbing the cultural wealth of China, India, Persia, and ancient Greece. A large number of translation activities continued until the decline of the empire in the 13th century. Translation has had a profound impact on the development of science and philosophy throughout the Arab world. For translators in Baghdad, the translation works play the role of raw materials, and the translated text is not the goal, but the catalyst that stimulates the original ideas and products of knowledge. Therefore, translators regard translation as a creative process, and the translation is often accompanied by comments, summaries or explanatory notes to make the original text easier to understand. Translators are often experts in the field of their translation. In translation, they not only exert their own understanding and comprehensive ability, but also practice their own creativity. A new ideological system was established with the help of translation and became the basis of Arab-Muslim culture. In this context, the prosperous Arab astronomy took the lead in blooming flowers from here, forming the so-called "Baghdad School" of later generations. The works of Alaba during this period were translated into Latin by later European academic circles, which in turn influenced the entire Western civilization. （Xie Tianzhen 2009.7）
 == The Influence of the Arabic Translation Movement ==

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 Since Mansour, the second caliph of the Abbasid dynasty, established its capital in Baghdad, the important position of Baghdad as the political, economic and cultural center of the dynasty has been highlighted. Baghdad is located in the two rivers basin of West Asia and is located in the main traffic arteries between the East and the West. Throughout the history of civilizations in the world, rivers and civilizations have accompanied each other. The superior geographical location has created good conditions for cultural exchanges, accelerated the circulation of classics from various countries, and provided large-scale translation activities. Provides a wealth of source text.
 Damascus, the capital of the former Umayyad dynasty, was handed over to Muslim rule after several regime changes. Prior to this, Damascus was an important center of Greco-Roman culture, with Greek as the official language, while the new capital of the Abbasid dynasty, Baghdad, was close to Persia. Ctesiphon, the old capital of the Sassanid Dynasty, was influenced by Persian culture before Islamic cultural rule. Therefore, during the translation movement at that time, a considerable number of Persian translators participated in the translation, and a large number of Persian classics were translated into Arabic and retained . "The Persian influence set back the original life of the Arabians, and paved the way for a new era characterized by the development of science and academic research." By translating classic works of other ethnic groups, cultural exchanges between different ethnic groups can be realized. Translation Played an important role as a bridge. At the same time, the Persian aristocracy made great contributions to the establishment of the Abbasid dynasty and was quite influential in the regime. The caliph also urgently needed the support of this force to promote cultural integration and identity identification among different ethnic groups. Therefore, geopolitical factors are undoubtedly one of the important driving forces for the vigorous development of the Abbasid dynasty translation movement.
 .Religious factors:
@@ Line 53: / Line 54: @@
 Maimon, the seventh caliph of the Abbasid dynasty, established a "wisdom palace" on the basis of the Mansour Royal Library to recruit academic elites from all walks of life for translation work. The historian Yakubi once described the academic style in Baghdad: "Scholars in Baghdad have a higher education level, where experts are more knowledgeable in tradition, grammarians are more reliable in syntax... Logicians think more clearly Missionaries are also more eloquent.” Although the translators of this period were not true translators, they all had received strict philosophical and logical training. Some Syrian Christians specially returned to Greece to study in order to improve their language skills. They used Syriac as their mother tongue as a translation agency and played an important role in the translation movement. The translators in the Abbasid period built bridges between different languages and cultures with their outstanding professional ability, serious translation attitude and unlimited enthusiasm for science, which became another important driving force for the vigorous development of translation movement.
-With the popularization of academic knowledge and the dissemination of various books, the scientific and cultural literacy of translators has also been comprehensively improved. The increase in knowledge reserves in astronomy, medicine, philosophy, etc. makes translation activities not only at the level of mechanical code switching. , But based on understanding and even proficiency in the meaning of the text, improving the level of translation in terms of translation quality and translation speed.
+With the popularization of academic knowledge and the dissemination of various books, the scientific and cultural literacy of translators has also been comprehensively improved. The increase in knowledge reserves in astronomy, medicine, philosophy, etc. makes translation activities not only at the level of mechanical code switching. , But based on understanding and even proficiency in the meaning of the text, improving the level of translation in terms of translation quality and translation speed.  （He Pu 2012）
 == Baghdad Translation Center ==

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 == Introduction==
-The Harakah al—Tarjamah is also called the Translation Movement. The Centennial Arab Translation Movement lasted for more than two hundred years. The content of translation involved cultural achievements such as ancient Greek and Roman culture, Persian Mesopotamian culture, and ancient Indian culture. It spanned three continents and five seas in space and was the most extensive in human history. One of the major events. The Arab translation movement in the middle of the eighth century to the end of the tenth century not only changed the backward state of the Arab nation, but also gave birth to a strong Arab-Islamic culture; and its document translation was extremely important to the Renaissance movement in the later political and cultural state of Europe.The Arab Empire in the Middle Ages carried out large-scale and organized academic activities that translated and introduced ancient Greek and Eastern scientific and cultural classics. The Abbasid Caliphate implemented a diversified and inclusive cultural policy, vigorously advocated and sponsored the translation of academic classics from ancient Greece, Rome, Persia, India and other countries into Arabic to absorb advanced cultural heritage. The Arabic translation movement preserved the natural sciences and humanities in ancient Greek and Roman cultures, and played an extremely important role in promoting the cultural revival of European political and cultural conditions in the late Middle Ages. The Hundred-Year Arab Translation Movement lasted for more than two hundred years, spanning the vast regions of Asia, Africa, and Europe, and blending ancient Eastern and Western cultures such as Persia, India, Greece, Rome, and Arabia. There are not many translation activities in the history of world civilization. Analyzing its causes, processes, results, and impacts is of great academic value for studying the phased development of human civilization and the commonality of human wisdom, and it is also of great help to deeply understand the Arab Islamic philosophy and culture.
+The Harakah al—Tarjamah is also called the Translation Movement. The Centennial Arab Translation Movement lasted for more than two hundred years. The content of translation involved cultural achievements such as ancient Greek and Roman culture, Persian Mesopotamian culture, and ancient Indian culture. It spanned three continents and five seas in space and was the most extensive in human history. One of the major events. The Arab translation movement in the middle of the eighth century to the end of the tenth century not only changed the backward state of the Arab nation, but also gave birth to a strong Arab-Islamic culture; and its document translation was extremely important to the Renaissance movement in the later political and cultural state of Europe.The Arab Empire in the Middle Ages carried out large-scale and organized academic activities that translated and introduced ancient Greek and Eastern scientific and cultural classics. The Abbasid Caliphate implemented a diversified and inclusive cultural policy, vigorously advocated and sponsored the translation of academic classics from ancient Greece, Rome, Persia, India and other countries into Arabic to absorb advanced cultural heritage. The Arabic translation movement preserved the natural sciences and humanities in ancient Greek and Roman cultures, and played an extremely important role in promoting the cultural revival of European political and cultural conditions in the late Middle Ages. The Hundred-Year Arab Translation Movement lasted for more than two hundred years, spanning the vast regions of Asia, Africa, and Europe, and blending ancient Eastern and Western cultures such as Persia, India, Greece, Rome, and Arabia. There are not many translation activities in the history of world civilization. Analyzing its causes, processes, results, and impacts is of great academic value for studying the phased development of human civilization and the commonality of human wisdom, and it is also of great help to deeply understand the Arab Islamic philosophy and culture. （Zhang Hong 2007:49-56）
 The Arabic translation movement can be divided into three periods: the first period is from the middle and late 8th century to the late 9th century. Translation activities in this period were mainly carried out with the support of the famous Caliph Mansour and Harun Rashid. The translated books are mainly Persian works, and the content mostly revolves around astronomy and medicine. The second period was from the early 9th century to the middle and late 9th century. The Caliph Maimon strongly supported this matter and achieved the golden age of the 100-year translation movement. The content involved ancient Greek philosophy, natural sciences, etc.; the last period was from the middle and late 9th century to the early 10th century. During this period, the support of the Caliphate and the pace of translation declined, and a lot of work was retranslation and revision of previous translations. At this time, the translation movement has also entered its end. The century-old translation movement with a history of more than 200 years changed the backwardness of the Arab nation and gave birth to Arab-Islamic culture, which had a significant impact on Arab society. This movement promoted the exchange of various cultures while preserving classics and ancient books. Rongtong has added an important heritage to the world cultural treasure house, and has had a positive and valuable impact on the development of world culture. This article will give a more systematic introduction to the movement, divided into the following three parts: the reasons for the translation movement, the Baghdad Translation Center of the translation movement, and the influence of the translation movement.