Machine Trans EN 2 - Revision history

Xiao Yiyao at 16:54, 15 December 2021

2021-12-15T16:54:02Z

Xiao Yiyao at 16:51, 15 December 2021

2021-12-15T16:51:35Z

Xiao Yiyao at 16:51, 15 December 2021

2021-12-15T16:51:00Z

Xiao Yiyao at 16:46, 15 December 2021

2021-12-15T16:46:45Z

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Xiao Yiyao: /* The emergence and history of human Translation */

2021-12-15T16:43:36Z

The emergence and history of human Translation

Xiao Yiyao at 16:40, 15 December 2021

2021-12-15T16:40:33Z

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Xiao Yiyao: /* Machine Translation on non-literary fields */

2021-12-15T16:30:41Z

Machine Translation on non-literary fields

Xiao Yiyao: /* Conclusion */

2021-12-15T16:27:32Z

Conclusion

Xiao Yiyao: /* The emergence and development of machine translation */

2021-12-15T16:26:14Z

The emergence and development of machine translation

Xiao Yiyao at 16:23, 15 December 2021

2021-12-15T16:23:51Z

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 [[DCG-To-Do|To the To Do list]]
-'''2 肖毅瑶(On the Realm Advantages And Symbiotic Development of Machine Translation And Human Translation)'''
+'''2 肖毅瑶(On the Realm Advantages and Symbiotic Development of Machine Translation and Human Translation)'''
 '''论机器翻译与人工翻译的领域优势及共同发展'''

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:51, 15 December 2021
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	'''2 肖毅瑶(On the Realm Advantages And Symbiotic Development of Machine Translation And Human Translation)'''		'''2 肖毅瑶(On the Realm Advantages And Symbiotic Development of Machine Translation And Human Translation)'''
		+
	'''论机器翻译与人工翻译的领域优势及共同发展'''		'''论机器翻译与人工翻译的领域优势及共同发展'''

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 '''2 肖毅瑶(On the Realm Advantages And Symbiotic Development of Machine Translation And Human Translation)'''
-[[Machine_Trans_EN_2]]
+'''论机器翻译与人工翻译的领域优势及共同发展'''
 ===Abstract===

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 Wide translation coverage. A machine translation system is always developed for the whole language system and is oriented for all fields. Although limited by technology, machine translation still covers a wide range of fields. It is well-known that the translation of a specific sort of text requires much corresponding supporting knowledge. And developers always have input a lot of data and information from different fields when developing the system. In this way, the machine translation system can automatically make use of related language materials and terms to achieve an appropriate style of the target text.(Zhang Luo 2018:12)
-====The emergence and history of human Translation====
+====The emergence and history of human translation====
 Human translation has a long history and has gone through many different periods of translation. Western translation can be dated back to ancient Egypt, and Strictly speaking, the first western translation work was the Greek Homer Epic Odyssey translated into Latin by Licius Livius Andronicus in Rome in the middle of the 3rd century BC. The history of western translation can be divided into several periods: translation in the initial stage, translation from the late Roman Empire to the early Middle Ages, translation in the Medieval period, translation in Renaissance, translation in Modern translation period, and translation after World War II. While the earliest translation activities in China can be traced back to the Zhou dynasty (11th c.BC) and reached a small climax in the Buddhist translation. Chinese translation history mainly includes: Buddhist translation in ancient China, translation of science and technology in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, translation in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, translation history since reform and opening up. Many scholars and researchers have devoted a lot to translation studies and put forward numerous theories to improve human translation activities. Translators play an extremely significant role in every aspect, such as political, economic life and literature. It do benefit a lot both every individual and the whole human being, both the inner development of a nation and the mutual development between nations.

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 ==== Machine Translation on non-literary fields====
-Although machine translation is not well suitable for literary works, it can exert its great advantage in non-literary texts, because these sorts of texts tend to have low standards of translation quality and accuracy. At the same time, this kind of text translation basically has certain corpus storage in the machine translation system, which is usually a kind of model translation and then machine translation is capable of simultaneous processing of several similar texts. Therefore, for some non-literary texts, such as web pages, news, product manuals and so on, the adoption of machine translation can effectively reduce costs and improve efficiency.
+Although machine translation is not well suitable for literary works, it can exert its great advantage in non-literary texts, because these sorts of texts tend to have low standards of translation quality and accuracy. At the same time, this kind of text translation basically has certain corpus storage in the machine translation system, which is usually a kind of model translation and then machine translation is capable of simultaneous processing of several similar texts. Therefore, for some non-literary texts, such as web pages, news, product manuals and so on, the adoption of machine translation can effectively reduce costs and improve efficiency.(Li Changshuang 2004:4)
 In our daily life, machine translation also plays a more important role. Machine translation can be used for free anytime and anywhere, and it is impractical and expensive for everyone to accompany a translator. Moreover, the language barriers encountered in daily life are often solved perfectly by machine translation, with no need to resort to human translation. For example, when traveling outside and encountering communication barriers, online translators can often be used to solve problems easily. Human translators, or interpreters, are often only necessary for large-scale events or activities with certain professional requirements, and can fully display their strength to the maximum extent.

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 Machine translation is the product of human seeking progress and improving human life, whose original purpose is to promote the development of human translation. With the continuous development of science and technology, machine translation does have caused certain challenges on traditional human translation, but the impact is not enough to eliminate human translation out of the translation market. In addition, the machine translation system is still not mature enough. Although it is highly efficient, low-cost, and covers a wide range of fields, machine translation still has a certain lag and much room for improvement. This is because the corpus on which machine translation is built cannot be updated in time and language materials input in the corpus is insufficient, and such shortage is mainly reflected in the translation of minority languages. And compared with human translation, machine translation is clearly at a disadvantage position in literary translation. Machine translation is a mechanical restructuring operation of language elements, which lack creativity during the translating process. It is unable to combine the specific context and cultural background to the understanding of deep meaning of the source text, and it also cannot do certain translation transformation so as to suit the style of the source text.
-However, machine translation is not completely in a disadvantaged position. For some regular and programmed translations, machine translation obviously gain the upper hand, such as the translation of instructions and technical documents. It is b because such texts often do not require very complicated translation means, but only need to repeatedly reconstruct various terms that have already been input into the corpus and then output the translation results.
+However, machine translation is not completely in a disadvantaged position. For some regular and programmed translations, machine translation obviously gain the upper hand, such as the translation of instructions and technical documents. It is because such texts often do not require very complicated translation means, but only need to repeatedly reconstruct various terms that have already been input into the corpus and then output the translation results.Standing in the perspective of human translation, there is no need for the translator to be worried about the negative impact of machine translation. Because in any event, machine translation was still a product invented by human beings and all its operation and maintenance cannot be departed from human beings. Actually, it can be said that machine translation is subordinate to human beings. What the translator should do is try to improve themselves, pay more attention to the current translation market, and be familiar with all kinds of translation tools. The developers should update constantly the machine translation to better serve human translation. Thus, the competition between machine translation and human translation can be transformed into a mutual promotion and symbiotic development.
 =References =

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 ====The emergence and development of machine translation====
-The Origin of machine translation can be traced back to 1949，when Warren Weaver first proposed the idea of machine translation, three years after the invention of the first computer in 1946. In 1954, the first translation machine IBM-701 was co-invented by IBM and the George University in the United States, which can translate some simple Russian sentences into English. (He 2021:49)It was exactly the first system that broke up the mere word-to-word translation and elevated it to a higher sentences or text level. In the following several decades, America had played a leading role in machine translation research, while this situation ended in an accuse of uselessness to the whole society by the American government. The immature computer system did face great challenges in mass or high-standard translation. Therefore, machine translation research entered into stagnation due to the shortage of funding support. While in the 1970s, with the increased communication among nations, the amount of literature and other materials in different languages surged out around the world. Then, the explosion of information required much more translation, in which the translators could hardly meet the demand for their own limitation of efficiency. Thus people’s interest in machine translation was raised again, and obtained a considerable development. Besides, the gradual maturity of computers also benefited the spread of machine translation. With the continuous advancement of science technology in China, machine translation gradually gained more and more attention. Many researchers and companies began to realize the great value and profit in it and put more and more energy on machine translation research. Various systems and software emerged one after another, such as Weinder in Canada and SYSTRAN in America. These systems could overcome the problems existing in former ones. In 21st century, the whole world entered into a zone of high technology, in which the machine translation industry also made another leap progress. Such translation tools did bring a lot convenience to human life and enjoyed much more preferment from people for their high efficiency and economic essence compared to human translators.
+The Origin of machine translation can be traced back to 1949，when Warren Weaver first proposed the idea of machine translation, three years after the invention of the first computer in 1946. In 1954, the first translation machine IBM-701 was co-invented by IBM and the George University in the United States, which can translate some simple Russian sentences into English. It was exactly the first system that broke up the mere word-to-word translation and elevated it to a higher sentences or text level. In the following several decades, America had played a leading role in machine translation research, while this situation ended in an accuse of uselessness to the whole society by the American government. The immature computer system did face great challenges in mass or high-standard translation. Therefore, machine translation research entered into stagnation due to the shortage of funding support. While in the 1970s, with the increased communication among nations, the amount of literature and other materials in different languages surged out around the world. Then, the explosion of information required much more translation, in which the translators could hardly meet the demand for their own limitation of efficiency. Thus people’s interest in machine translation was raised again, and obtained a considerable development. Besides, the gradual maturity of computers also benefited the spread of machine translation. With the continuous advancement of science technology in China, machine translation gradually gained more and more attention. Many researchers and companies began to realize the great value and profit in it and put more and more energy on machine translation research. Various systems and software emerged one after another, such as Weinder in Canada and SYSTRAN in America. These systems could overcome the problems existing in former ones. In 21st century, the whole world entered into a zone of high technology, in which the machine translation industry also made another leap progress. Such translation tools did bring a lot convenience to human life and enjoyed much more preferment from people for their high efficiency and economic essence compared to human translators.(He 2021:49)
-According to the classification of computer, machine translation systems can be roughly divided into three generations: simple word-to-word translation, translation capable of simple syntactic processing, and translation with a certain semantic analysis function.(He 2021:188)
+According to the classification of computer, machine translation systems can be roughly divided into three generations: simple word-to-word translation, translation capable of simple syntactic processing, and translation with a certain semantic analysis function.
-Machine translation in China first developed in the 1960s, a few years later compared to the western world. Actually, the appearance of Machine Translation in China mainly was due to the frequent economic and political contacts between China and the Soviet Union at that time. There was a great demand for Chinese and Russian translation, then the machine translation system came into being. From the mid-1980s to the 1990s, two English-Chinese machine translation systems KY-1 and 863-IMT showed up successfully. Recent decades have witnessed how machine translation has gained a foothold in China. A huge amount of investment did help companies make great profits, and these translation apps invented by them, such as Youdao and Baidu, also to a great extent are able to satisfy people’s ordinary demands of translation.
+Machine translation in China first developed in the 1960s, a few years later compared to the western world. Actually, the appearance of Machine Translation in China mainly was due to the frequent economic and political contacts between China and the Soviet Union at that time. There was a great demand for Chinese and Russian translation, then the machine translation system came into being. From the mid-1980s to the 1990s, two English-Chinese machine translation systems KY-1 and 863-IMT showed up successfully. Recent decades have witnessed how machine translation has gained a foothold in China. A huge amount of investment did help companies make great profits, and these translation apps invented by them, such as Youdao and Baidu, also to a great extent are able to satisfy people’s ordinary demands of translation.(He 2021:188)
 ====General advantages of machine translation====