Machine Trans EN 9 - Revision history

Xie Jiafen at 12:24, 15 December 2021

2021-12-15T12:24:03Z

Xie Jiafen at 12:13, 15 December 2021

2021-12-15T12:13:20Z

Xie Jiafen at 12:10, 15 December 2021

2021-12-15T12:10:24Z

Xie Jiafen at 12:09, 15 December 2021

2021-12-15T12:09:04Z

Xie Jiafen at 12:13, 13 December 2021

2021-12-13T12:13:06Z

Xie Jiafen at 08:02, 12 December 2021

2021-12-12T08:02:52Z

Xie Jiafen at 08:01, 12 December 2021

2021-12-12T08:01:50Z

Show changes

Xie Jiafen at 11:35, 8 December 2021

2021-12-08T11:35:28Z

Xie Jiafen at 11:34, 8 December 2021

2021-12-08T11:34:23Z

Xie Jiafen at 11:30, 8 December 2021

2021-12-08T11:30:33Z

@@ Line 83: / Line 83: @@
 ===References===
 Fan Yuxiao 樊玉消 (2021). 浅谈人工智能时代下的机器翻译与人工翻译[J]A Brief Talk on Machine Translation and Human Translation in the Era of Artificial Intelligence海外英语 Overseas English,11:179-180
 Liu YongQuan刘涌泉(1984).中国的机器翻译[M]China’s Machine Translation. 北京：知识出版社Bei Jing: Knowledge Press.
@@ Line 91: / Line 97: @@
 Liu Qun刘利（2012）.机器翻译技术现状与展望 [J]Current Situation and Prospect of Machine Translation Technology 集成技术 Journal of Integration Technology1:48-54.
-Jin Wenlu 靳文璐(2019). 机器翻译可以取代人工翻译吗? [J]Can machine translation replace artificial translation?. 智库时代 Think Tank Times 40:282-284.
+Liu Tianze刘天泽（2019） 浅谈人工智能翻译和人工翻译的比较与展望[J] A Brief Discussion on the Comparison and Prospect of Artificial Intelligence Translation and Artificial Translation海外英语 Overseas English 16:46-47
-Hu Kaibao Li Yi胡开宝，李翼(2016) 机器翻译特征及其与人工翻译关系的研究[J]Research on the Characteristics of Machine Translation and Its Relationship with Artificial Translation 中国翻译 Chinese Translators Journal 37：10-14
+Pang Yingyu 庞盈羽(2019) .谈机器翻译与人工翻译的关系——从机器翻译与计算机辅助翻译的发展角度[J]The Relationship Between Machine Translation and Artificial Translation -- From the Perspective of the Development of Machine Translation and Computer-aided Translation 科学大众Popular Science 11:164-165
 Wang Huashu WangXin王华树 王鑫(2021) .人工智能时代的翻译技术研究: 应用场景、 现存问题与趋势展望[J]Translation Research in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: Application Scenarios, Existing Problems and Trends 外国语文Foreign Language and Literature  1:9-17
 Xu Yican Liu Jibin徐一灿 刘继斌(2017) .机器翻译的现状和前景[J] Current Situation and Prospect of Machine Translation海外英语Overseas English(11):117-118

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 [[DCG-To-Do|To the To Do list]]
 [[Machine_Trans_EN_9]]
-'''谢佳芬 Xie Jiafen Hunan Normal University, China’''
 ===Abstract===

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 [[DCG-To-Do|To the To Do list]]
 [[Machine_Trans_EN_9]]
 '''谢佳芬 Xie Jiafen Hunan Normal University, China’''
-'''9 谢佳芬 Machine Translation and Artificial Translation in the Era of Artificial Intelligence人工智能时代下的机器翻译与人工翻译’’'
+'''9 谢佳芬 Machine Translation and Artificial Translation in the Era of Artificial Intelligence人工智能时代下的机器翻译与人工翻译’’’
 ===Abstract===
 With the continuous development of information technology, many industries are facing the competitive pressure of artificial intelligence, and so is the field of translation. Artificial intelligence technology has developed rapidly and combined with the field of translation，which has brought great impact and changes to traditional translation, but artificial intelligence translation and artificial translation have their own advantages and disadvantages. Artificial translation is in the leading position in adapting to human language logical habits and understanding characteristics, but in terms of translation threshold and economic value, the efficiency of artificial intelligence translation is even better. In a word, we need to know that machine translation and human translation are complementary rather than antagonistic.

@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 '''谢佳芬 Xie Jiafen Hunan Normal University, China'''
 [[Machine_Trans_EN_9]]
 ===Abstract===
 With the continuous development of information technology, many industries are facing the competitive pressure of artificial intelligence, and so is the field of translation. Artificial intelligence technology has developed rapidly and combined with the field of translation，which has brought great impact and changes to traditional translation, but artificial intelligence translation and artificial translation have their own advantages and disadvantages. Artificial translation is in the leading position in adapting to human language logical habits and understanding characteristics, but in terms of translation threshold and economic value, the efficiency of artificial intelligence translation is even better. In a word, we need to know that machine translation and human translation are complementary rather than antagonistic.

@@ Line 79: / Line 79: @@
 ===References===
-Fan Yuxiao 樊玉消.(2021). 浅谈人工智能时代下的机器翻译与人工翻译[A Brief Talk on Machine Translation and Human Translation in the Era of Artificial Intelligence] 海外英语 Overseas English(11)179-180
+Fan Yuxiao 樊玉消 (2021). 浅谈人工智能时代下的机器翻译与人工翻译[J]A Brief Talk on Machine Translation and Human Translation in the Era of Artificial Intelligence海外英语 Overseas English,11:179-180
-Liu YongQuan刘涌泉(1984)中国的机器翻译[China’s Machine Translation ].Bei Jing: Knowledge Press 知识出版社.
+Liu YongQuan刘涌泉(1984).中国的机器翻译[M]China’s Machine Translation. 北京：知识出版社Bei Jing: Knowledge Press.
-Li Li李利(2020) 浅析机器翻译和人工翻译的关系[A Brief Analysis of the Relationship Between Machine Translation and Artificial Translation]国际机关PR Magazine (09)276-277.
+Li Li李利(2020).浅析机器翻译和人工翻译的关系[J]A Brief Analysis of the Relationship Between Machine Translation and Artificial Translation国际机关PR Magazine 9:276-277.
-Liu Qun刘群（2012）机器翻译技术现状与展望 [Current Situation and Prospect of Machine Translation Technology]集成技术 Journal of Integration Technology(1)48-54.
+Liu Qun刘利（2012）.机器翻译技术现状与展望 [J]Current Situation and Prospect of Machine Translation Technology 集成技术 Journal of Integration Technology1:48-54.
-Jin Wenlu 靳文璐. (2019). 机器翻译可以取代人工翻译吗? [Can machine translation replace artificial translation?]. 智库时代 Think Tank Times (40) 282-284.
+Jin Wenlu 靳文璐(2019). 机器翻译可以取代人工翻译吗? [J]Can machine translation replace artificial translation?. 智库时代 Think Tank Times 40:282-284.
-Hu Kaibao Li Yi胡开宝，李翼(2016) 机器翻译特征及其与人工翻译关系的研究[Research on the Characteristics of Machine Translation and Its Relationship with Artificial Translation] 中国翻译 Chinese Translators Journal（37）：10-14
+Hu Kaibao Li Yi胡开宝，李翼(2016) 机器翻译特征及其与人工翻译关系的研究[J]Research on the Characteristics of Machine Translation and Its Relationship with Artificial Translation 中国翻译 Chinese Translators Journal 37：10-14
-Dai Weichang 戴伟长（1994）国内外机器翻译进展状况[Progress of Machine Translation at Home and Abroad]软件世界 Software World(12):2-3
+Dai Weichang 戴伟长（1994）.国内外机器翻译进展状况[J]Progress of Machine Translation at Home and Abroad 软件世界 Software World 12:2-3
-Wang Huashu WangXin王华树 王鑫(2021) 人工智能时代的翻译技术研究: 应用场景、 现存问题与趋势展望[Translation Research in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: Application Scenarios, Existing Problems and Trends] 外国语文Foreign Language and Literature (01):9-17
+Wang Huashu WangXin王华树 王鑫(2021) .人工智能时代的翻译技术研究: 应用场景、 现存问题与趋势展望[J]Translation Research in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: Application Scenarios, Existing Problems and Trends 外国语文Foreign Language and Literature  1:9-17
-Xu Yican Liu Jibin徐一灿 刘继斌(2017) 机器翻译的现状和前景[Current Situation and Prospect of Machine Translation] 海外英语Overseas English(11):117-118
+Xu Yican Liu Jibin徐一灿 刘继斌(2017) .机器翻译的现状和前景[J] Current Situation and Prospect of Machine Translation海外英语Overseas English(11):117-118
-Pang Yingyu(2019) 谈机器翻译与人工翻译的关系——从机器翻译与计算机辅助翻译的发展角度[The Relationship Between Machine Translation and Artificial Translation -- From the Perspective of the Development of Machine Translation and Computer-aided Translation] 科学大众Popular Science(11):164-165
+Pang Yingyu 庞盈羽(2019) .谈机器翻译与人工翻译的关系——从机器翻译与计算机辅助翻译的发展角度[J]The Relationship Between Machine Translation and Artificial Translation -- From the Perspective of the Development of Machine Translation and Computer-aided Translation 科学大众Popular Science 11:164-165
-Liu Tianze刘天泽 浅谈人工智能翻译和人工翻译的比较与展望 A Brief Discussion on the Comparison and Prospect of Artificial Intelligence Translation and Artificial Translation海外英语 Overseas English(16):46-47
+Liu Tianze刘天泽（2019） 浅谈人工智能翻译和人工翻译的比较与展望[J] A Brief Discussion on the Comparison and Prospect of Artificial Intelligence Translation and Artificial Translation海外英语 Overseas English 16:46-47

@@ Line 37: / Line 37: @@
 Generally speaking, machine translation has the characteristics of high efficiency, low cost, accurate term translation and great development potential and etc. Machine translation is fast and efficient, this is something that artificial translation can’t catch up with. In addition, with the continuous emergence of all kinds of translation software in the market, compared with artificial translation, machine translation is cheap and sometimes even free, which greatly saves the economic cost and time for users with low translation quality requirements. What's more, compared with artificial translation, machine translation has a huge corpus, which makes the translation of some terms, especially the latest scientific and technological terms, more rapid and accurate. The accurate translation of these terms requires the translator to constantly learn, but learning needs a process, which has a certain test on the translator's learning ability and learning speed. In this regard, artificial translation has uncertainty and hysteretic nature. At the same time, with the progress of science and technology and the development of society, the function of machine translation will be more perfect and the quality of translation will be better.Today's machine translation tools and software are easy to carry, all you need to do is just to use the software and electronic dictionary in the mobile phone. There is no need to carry paper dictionaries and books for translation, which saves time and space. At the same time, machine translation covers many fields and is suitable for translation practice in different situations, such as academic, education, commercial trade, social networking, tourism, production technology, etc, it is also easy to deal with various professional terms. However, due to the limitation of translators' own knowledge, artificial translation is often limited to one or a few fields or industries. For example, it is difficult for an interpreter specializing in medical English to translate legal English.
 At the same time, machine translation also has its limitations. At first, machine can only operate word to word translation, which only plays the function and role of dictionary. Then, the application of syntax enables the process of sentence translation and it can be solved by using the direct translation method. When the original text and the target language are highly similar, it can be translated directly. For example, the original text "他是个老师." The target language is "he is a teacher ". With the increase of the structural complexity of the original text, the effect of machine translation is greatly reduced. Therefore, at the syntactic level, machine translation still stays in sentences with relatively simple structure. Meanwhile, the original text and the results of machine translation cannot be interchanged equally, indicating that English-Chinese translation has strong randomness, and is not rigorous and scientific enough.
 Nowadays, machine translation is highly dependent on parallel corpora, but the construction of parallel corpora is not perfect. At present, the resources of some mainstream languages such as Chinese and English are relatively rich, while the data collection of many small languages is not satisfactory. Moreover, the current corpus is mainly concentrated in the fields of government literature, science and technology, current affairs and news, while there is a serious lack of data in other fields, which can’t reflect the advantages of machine translation. At the same time, corpus construction lags behind. Some informative texts introducing the latest cutting-edge research results often spread the latest academic knowledge and use a large number of new professional terms, such as academic papers and teaching materials while the corpus often lacks the corresponding words of the target language, which makes machine translation powerless
 Besides, machine translation is not culturally sensitive. Human may never be able to program machines to understand and experience a particular culture. Different cultures have unique and different language systems, and machines do not have complexity to understand or recognize slang, jargon, puns and idioms. Therefore, their translation may not conform to cultural values and specific norms. This is also one of the challenges that the machine needs to overcome.Artificial intelligence may have human abstract thinking ability in the future, but it is difficult to have image thinking ability including imagination and emotion. Therefore, machine translation is often used in news, science and technology, patents, specifications and other text fields with the purpose of fact description, knowledge and information transmission. These words rarely involve emotional and cultural background. When translating expressive texts, the limitations of machine translation are exposed. The so-called expressive text refers to the text that pays attention to emotional expression and is full of imagination. Its main characteristics are subjectivity, emotion and imagination, such as novels, poetry, prose, art and so on. This kind of text attaches importance to the emotional expression of the author or character image, and uses a lot of metaphors, symbols and other expressions. Machine translation is difficult to catch up with artificial translation in this kind of text, it can only translate the main idea, lack of connotation and literary grace and it cannot have subjective feelings and rational analysis like human beings. In fact, it is not difficult to simulate the human brain, the difficulty is that it is impossible to learn from the rich social experience and life experience of excellent translators. In other words, machine translation lacks the personalization and creativity of human translation. It is this personalization and creativity that promote the development and evolution of language, and what machine translation can only output is mechanical "machine language".

@@ Line 69: / Line 69: @@
 ====6.1 Reasonable Division of Labor====
 First of all, we should speed up the training of translation talents so that senior translation talents can match the number of machine translation. In this way, when dealing with relevant translation business, we can achieve high business efficiency, good content and quality. Secondly, while accelerating the formation of the industry, relevant state departments should give certain policy support to improve the industry status of translators, have certain professional certification for professional translation content, raise the employment threshold of the translation industry, filter out those who are not professional, leave those with good skills and increase those with ability, In this way, the translation industry can form a certain scale industry in the high-end field. The formation of the industry also requires large-scale assembly line operation to meet the needs of manual translation, supplemented by the processing capacity of machine translation for medium and low-end content, so as to solve the problems of slow translation speed and high price in the past.
-====6.2 Both Need to be Improved=====
+====6.2 Both Need to be Improved====
 So far, the universal application of machine translation still focuses on the written form. Although Google and other companies have made attempts and achieved some achievements in machine interpretation, the technology of machine interpretation is still not mature enough. The author's proposal is not to replace artificial interpretation with machine interpretation, but to realize the intelligence of the middle and low-end market like written translation. In addition, artificial translation still needs to be refined. The requirements for translators should not only focus on the mastery of language, but also absorb more skilled personnel with professional background knowledge to join the professional translation team. The future industry integration will eliminate some translators with weak professional background knowledge. At the same time, expand the training mode of translation major in colleges and universities so that students can have more opportunities to participate in social practice. Meanwhile, colleges and universities should timely understand the needs of the industry, and carefully train students from the basic stage of freshman and sophomore, so as to make students more targeted for future employment.