Difference between revisions of "20201007 cult"

Latest revision as of 08:45, 23 November 2020

Alsied, Saffana

1.Embroidery in China is a distinct art, using silk threads.

中国的刺绣是独特的艺术，使用丝线。--SAFFANA ALSIED 2 (talk) 16:57, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

2. Cloisonne is famous traditional enamelware, known as the Blue of “Jingtai” in China.

景泰蓝是著名的传统搪瓷器皿，在中国被称为“景泰蓝”。--SAFFANA ALSIED 2 (talk) 16:57, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3.Chinese lacquerware has a very long history.

中国漆器历史悠久。--SAFFANA ALSIED 2 (talk) 16:57, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4.Jade has been cherished by the Chinese people as a symbol of many virtues.

玉一直被中国人民视为许多美德的象征。--SAFFANA ALSIED 2 (talk) 16:57, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Guirou, Barthelemy

Translation:

1-中国在传统手工艺方面非常有名，特别是在刺绣方面.

China is very famous in traditional crafts, particularly in embroidery.

China is very famous in traditional crafts, particularly regarding embroidery.--Root (talk) 06:46, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

2-大多数传统搪瓷器皿是用铜制成的，因为它很容易满足您的需求.

Most of the traditional enamelware is made of copper because it is easy to hammer onto your own desire.

Most of the traditional enamelware is made of copper, because it can easily satisfy your desire.--Root (talk) 06:46, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

3-中国人喜欢使用漆器制成的物体，例如，碎石，茶几，橱柜等。

Chinese like to use objects made of lacquer such as screems, coffee tables, cabinets etc.

4-在中国文化中，玉由于其美丽，纯净，神奇和治愈的品质而成为重要的对象。

In chinese culture, jade is an important object due to its beauty, purity, magical and curative qualities.--GUIROU BARTHELEMY (talk) 01:54, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

Cao Runxin 曹润鑫

1.明代刺绣已成为一种极具表现力的艺术品，先后产生号称“四大名绣”的苏绣、粤绣、湘绣、蜀绣。

Embroidery of Ming Dynasty has become a very expressive work of art, and successively produced the four famous embroidery including Su embroidery, Guangdong embroidery, Hunan embroidery and Sichuan embroidery.--Cao Runxin (talk) 05:48, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

2.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。

Beijing is the birthplace of Chinese cloisonne as well as the most important place of production.--Cao Runxin (talk) 05:48, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆器图案根据不同的器物，以粗率简练的线条或繁缛复杂的构图，增强人或动物的动感与力度。

Lacquerware patterns enhance the dynamics and strength of people or animal with simple lines or complex composition according to different objects.--Cao Runxin (talk) 05:48, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

4.在木雕艺术创作中，最有意义的探索是运用各种刀法，恰到好处的体现我们的创作意图。

The most meaningful exploration in the creation of woodcarving art is to use various knives to properly embody our intentions.--Cao Runxin (talk) 05:48, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

Chen Han 陈涵

1.苏州刺绣匠人们能以40种针法，1000种不同针线，在一块布料上绣出不同的自然环境主题，如花、鸟、兽、园林等。

Artisans of Suzhou Embroidery are able to use more than 40 stitches and 1,000 different types of threads to embroider on a piece of cloth reflecting different nature and environment themes such as flowers, birds, animals, gardens and so on.--Chen Han (talk) 02:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.工匠们先要选取铜片，剪裁切割之后，通过这样耐心地反复捶打做成各种器物的毛坯，而一件精美绝伦的艺术品，也将在这不起眼的铜胎上一步步完成。

Firstly, craftsmen choose pieces of copper and then cut and hammer them into the molds for different kinds of artifacts by beating repeatedly with patience. And a magnificent work of art is to be created step by step from the ordinary copper mold. --Chen Han (talk) 02:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆器生产工序复杂，耗工耗时，漆器品种又特别繁多，不仅用于装饰家具，器皿，文具和艺术品，而且还应用于乐器，丧葬用具，兵器等。

The complicated procedures of making lacquerware are labor-consuming and time-consuming. Varieties of lacquerware are particularly diverse, not only for decorating furniture, utensils, stationery, and artwork, but also for musical instruments, funeral equipment, weapons, etc.--Chen Han (talk) 02:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.象牙雕刻艺术品，以坚实，光滑的质地，精美的雕刻艺术，倍受收藏家珍爱，成为古玩中独具特色的品种之一。

The artwork of ivory carving is cherished by collectors with its texture both solid and smooth and its fine carving methods used, and it has become one of the unique types of antiques.--Chen Han (talk) 02:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

The artwork of ivory carving is extremely cherished by collectors for its solid, smooth texture and exquisite carving art, thus enjoying the fame of the unique one among antiques.--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 02:37, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Chen Jingjing 陈静静

1.四大名绣之称形成于十九世纪中叶，它的产生除了本身的艺术特点外，另一个重要原因就是绣品商业化的结果。由于市场需求和刺绣产地的不同，刺绣工艺品作为一种商品开始形成了各自的地方特色。而其中苏，蜀，粤，湘四个地方的刺绣产品销路尤广，影响尤大,故有“四大名绣”之称。

The designation of the four great embroideries were formed in the middle of the 19th century. Their appearance was out of their own artistic features and most importantly a result of embroidery commercialization. With differences in market demand and embroidery origins, embroidery handicrafts, a kind of commodity, started to form their own characteristics，which enjoy high sales and popularity particularly in Jiangsu, Sichuan, Guangdong and Hunan, thus being the name Four Great Embroideries.

2.景泰蓝长期祇在宫廷监管下制作，19世纪其技艺流入民间，成为“燕京八绝”之一，并且逐渐扩散至各地，一度成为重要的手工业。但是由于工艺繁琐、成本很高，各地景泰蓝又纷纷消失，现主要产地是中国北京和深圳，还有台湾。其中北京景泰蓝被列入中国非物质文化遗产.

Cloisonne have been manufactured under the supervision of the court for quite a long time and became familiar to common people in the 19th century,becoming one of the Yanjing Eight Excellences. It gradually spread to all parts of the country and played a vital role in handicraft industry at that time but then faded away owing to its complicated process and high cost. Now it is mainly produced in Beijing, Shenzhen and Taiwan ,among which the Beijing cloisonne has been listed as China's intangible cultural heritage.

3.许多制作精美的古代漆器，即使长期埋藏在潮湿的地下或干燥的沙漠中，也能保持光艳如新，但出土后会因环境湿度变化大而出现变形、变色等现象。这是因为空气过于干燥，漆器容易发生断裂，湿度过大，则易出现变形和脱漆。

A great many of exquisite ancient lacquerware, though buried in humid underground or dry desert for a long time, remain as bright and beautiful as new ones but will appear deformation and discoloration due to the great change of environmental humidity. As when the air is too dry, the lacquerware is prone to break and will easily lose its shape and depaint when it is too humid.

Many exquisite ancient lacquerware, even if they are buried in humid underground or in dry deserts for a long time, remain bright as new, but they will be deformed and discolored due to large changes in environmental humidity after being unearthed. When the air is too dry, the lacquerware is prone to break and will easily lose its shape and depaint when it is too humid, which is also the reason behind.--Zhang Yuxing (talk) 10:34, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4.牙雕、玉雕等工艺由于材料昂贵，做工又十分的精细，所以逐渐从实用品转变为欣赏品，因此被人们称为“ 特种工艺”，解放前，它仅是剥削阶级手中的玩物。木雕、石雕、泥雕、面塑等工艺，则大都流传在民间，具有浓厚的乡土气息。

Crafts like ivory carving and jade carving,because of the costly materials and fine workmanship, are gradually transformend into objects for appreciation from practical ones,thus gaining the name of Special Arts and Crafts. They are nothing more than playthings in the hands of the exploiting class before liberation. Wood carving, stone carving, clay carving and dough sculpture and other crafts, however, are popular among the common people with a strong local flavor.--Chen Jingjing (talk) 05:09, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing

Dashkin, Gennadii

1.Embroidery was also used as a means of decorating silk clothing and silk flags and banners that denoted rank or station.

刺绣也被用作装饰丝绸服装，丝绸旗帜和横幅的手段，以表示等级或地位。--Gennadii Dashkin (talk) 08:16, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

刺绣也用来装饰丝绸服饰，丝绸旗帜和横幅，以彰显等地或地位。--Yang Ziling (talk) 06:33, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

2.Chinese Cloisonné is now the standard by which the quality and beauty of cloisonné is measured worldwide.

中国景泰蓝现已成为衡量世界范围内景泰蓝质量和美观程度的标准。--Gennadii Dashkin (talk) 08:16, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3.After thousands of years, Chinese lacquer ware continued to develop and evolve, and reached a high level.

几千年来，中国漆器不断发展和进化，达到了很高的水平。--Gennadii Dashkin (talk) 08:16, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4.Modern technology has promoted the motivation and the efficiency of jade carving creation, but the style and artistic effect have not changed greatly.

现代化工艺促进了玉雕创作的动机和效率，但风格和艺术效果没有太大变化。--Gennadii Dashkin (talk) 08:15, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Ding Daifeng 丁代凤

1. 在种类上，苏绣作品主要可分为零剪、戏衣、挂屏三大类，装饰性与实用性兼备。

Su embroidery products fall into three major categories: costumes, decorations for halls and crafts for daily use, which integrate decorative and practical values.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 13:56, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Su embroidery products are divided into three major categories of piece works, stage costumes and wall hangings for both decorative function and practical use.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 07:32, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2. 景泰蓝是驰名中外的传统工艺，它集青铜艺术、瓷器、和雕刻诸种工艺制作技巧于一身，是一门地道的北京绝活。

Cloisonne is a traditional art widely known in and outside China. It is a kind of superb local expertise form of Beijing, which combines the skills of bronze art, porcelain, carving and other types of folk arts.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 13:56, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Cloisonne is a traditional art widely known both at home and abroad. It is a kind of superb local expertise form of Beijing, which combines the skills of bronze art, porcelain, carving and other types of folk arts.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 07:32, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3. 有证据表明，给物品上漆的做法始于4000多年前，当时它被用来给家具等普通物品以及耳环和梳子等私人物品上漆。

Evidence indicates that the practice of lacquering objects began over 4000 years ago, where it was used to coat common objects like furniture, and personal items like earrings and combs.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 13:56, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

4. 木雕主要分成三个类别：建筑雕刻、家具雕刻、和艺术品雕刻。中国的木雕以其令人深刻的细致结构和主题之美受到了全世界的欣赏。

Wood carving in China constitutes three major categories: architecture carving, furniture carving and artworks carving. Chinese wood carving is appreciated worldwide for its impressively detailed structures and the beauty of its themes.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 13:56, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Gan Fengyu 甘奉玉

1:刺绣, 古代称之为针绣, 是用绣针引彩线, 将设计的花纹在纺织品上刺绣运针, 以绣迹构成花纹图案的一种工艺。刺绣是中国古老的手工技艺之一, 中国的手工刺绣工艺已经有2000多年的历史了。

Embroidery, known as needle embroidery in ancient times, is a kind of craft that uses needle to embroid color thread of designed patterns to form works with the traces on textiles.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC) Embroidery is one of the ancient handicrafts in China, which has a history of more than 2000 years.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2:伊斯兰文明为中国带来了景泰蓝工艺, 但景泰蓝在中国的大发展, 归根到底离不开中国本土的文化环境。景泰蓝曾于明清两代，取得了颇高的艺术成就，享誉海内外。 Islamic civilization has brought Cloisonne technology to China, but in the final analysis,,Cloisonne's great development in China is inseparable from China's local cultural environment.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC) Once in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Cloisonne made considerable artistic achievements and was well-known at home and abroad.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3: 中国漆工艺是人类宝贵的文化财富,人类审美意识的发展催生了生漆装饰艺术. Chinese lacquer craft is the precious cultural treasure of human being. And the development of human aesthetic consciousness gives birth to lacquer decoration art.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4:雕刻工艺既有苏州特色又有文化内涵，既融艺术之美又重精细之功，可谓学生学习技艺、传承文化的好载体。 Carving technology has both Suzhou characteristics and cultural connotation. It combines the beauty of art and attention to fine work, so it can be regarded as a good carrier for students to learn skills and inherit culture.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Gao Mingzhu 高明珠

1、绣女手中的针线犹如画家手中的笔墨丹青，可以绣出璀璨精美的图画，显示出不同时代的文化风貌和艺术成就。

Like the pen and ink holding by painters, the needle in hands of embroiders can create brilliant and exquisite paintings which showed different cultures and artistic achievements of different times.

The needles and threads in the hands of women embroiders are like the pen and ink in the hands of a painter. They can show us bright and exquisite pictures, showing the cultural features and artistic achievements of different eras.--Liu Yi (talk) 15:41, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

2、在西方人的心目中，奢华的景泰蓝代表着中国灿烂的文明。

In the western people’s eyes, luxury Cloisonne is the embodiment of China’s splendid civilization.

In the western people’s mind, luxury Cloisonne represents China’s splendid civilization.--Tan Yuanyuan (talk) 15:34, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

In the eyes of Westerners, the luxurious cloisonne represents China's splendid civilization.--Liu Yi (talk) 15:41, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

In westerners'mind, the luxurious cloisonne is the representative of the splendid Chinese culture.--Jiang Qiwei (talk) 06:42, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3、殷商时代已有“石器雕琢，觞酌刻镂”的漆艺。

Dating back to the period of Yin and Shang dynasties, people created the lacquer art by curving on stones and making hollowed-out wine cups.

In the Yin and Shang dynasty, people created the lacquer art by curving on stones and making hollowed-out wine cups.--Liu Yi (talk) 15:41, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

4、中国石雕有南北两个派别之分，北派豪放壮伟，南派婉约精美。

Chinese stone carving is divided into two parts——the north part and the south part. The north part is characterized by being unconstrained and magnificent while the south part being implicit and exquisite.--Gao Mingzhu (talk) 13:48, 8 October 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu

Chinese stone carvings are divided into two factions: the northern style is bold and majestic, and the southern style is graceful and delicate.--Liu Yi (talk) 15:41, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Grosheva, Anna

1. Embroidery was never classified as a solely female activity, and men and women have both been involved in embroidery.

刺绣从未被归类为仅女性活动，男人和女人都参与了刺绣。--ANNA GROSHEVA (talk) 08:29, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

2. A variety of cloisonné items in all shapes and sizes are available, including tables, stools, vases, chopsticks, earrings, candy boxes, toothpicks and smoking tools.

提供各种形状和大小的各种景泰蓝物品，包括桌子，凳子，花瓶，筷子，耳环，糖果盒，牙签和吸烟工具。--ANNA GROSHEVA (talk) 08:29, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3. The Chinese lacquer with brilliant color is waterproof, corrosion-proof and high temperature resist.

色泽鲜艳的中国清漆是防水，防腐蚀，耐高温的。--ANNA GROSHEVA (talk) 08:29, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4. In the 1990s, while Chinese contemporary art had produced some new and profound works, jade carvings at that time were mainly copies of antique motifs.

在1990年代，虽然中国当代艺术创作了一些新颖而深刻的作品，但当时的玉雕主要以古董为主题。--ANNA GROSHEVA (talk) 08:29, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Gu Dongfang 顾东方

1.四大名绣形成于十九世纪中叶，它的产生除了本身的艺术特点外，另一个重要原因就是绣品商业化的结果。由于市场需求和刺绣产地的不同，刺绣工艺品作为一种商品开始形成了各自的地方特色，其中苏、蜀、粤、湘四个地方的产品销路尤广，故有四大名绣之称。

The Four famous embroideries were formed in the mid-nineteenth century.Besides their artistic features, they can also be attributed to the commercialization of embroidery.Due to various market demands and embroidery origins, embroidery crafts as a commodity began to embrace their own local characteristics, among which the products from Suzhou, Sichuan, Guangdong and Hunan were particularly well sold, hence the name of the four famous embroideries.--Gudongfang (talk) 05:23, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Gu dongfang

2.景泰年间的景泰蓝制品，从故宫等地陈列过的实物来看，工艺得到了更大的发展。宫廷内的御用监设有制作景泰蓝的作坊。这个时期制胎水平已达到了相当的高度。胎型有方有圆，并向实用方面转化。

The crafting progress of Cloisonne products during the Jingtai period has made a major progress judeged from the real objects, which were on display in places ,such as the Forbidden City. The imperial crafting agency was established with Cloisonne workshops .Copperplate-making reached a high level at that time.The copperplate , round or square in shape , transformed into practical use.--Gudongfang (talk) 05:23, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Gu dongfang

3.作为中国传统工艺的的重要品种，漆工艺先传往东亚、东南亚，继而由西欧传到北美，在世界上产生了广泛的影响。

The lacquering , an improtant part of Chinese traditional craft, spread to East Asia, Southeast Asia, and then from Western Europe to North America, exerting a wide influence on the world.--Gudongfang (talk) 05:23, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Gu dongfang

As a vital part of Chinese traditional craft, the lacquering technology first spread to East Asia and Southeast Asia, and then spread from Western Europe to North America, exerting great impact on the world.--Hu Jin (talk) 08:02, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

As an important variety of traditional Chinese crafts, the lacquering tenology first spread to East Asia, Southeast Asia, and then to North Ameica from Western Europe,which had exerted a wide influence in the world.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 07:54, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.我国石雕艺术具有悠久的历史，品种繁多，就石雕而言，这些雕刻大多为无名石匠所作。千百年来，伴随着人们的物质生活和精神生活而流传至今。它表现了民间工艺精湛的技艺和巧妙的构思,具有很高的艺术价值与历史人文价值。

The art of stone carving in China is characterized by a long history and a wide variety. In terms of stone carvings, most of them are made by anonymous masons. For thousands of years, they are passed down along with people's material and spiritual life. It shows the exquisite folk craft skills and ingenious idea with a high artistic and historical humanistic value.--Gudongfang (talk) 05:23, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Gu dongfang

Guan Qinqing 管钦清

1.刺绣是用针和线或纱线在织物或其他材料上进行装饰的手工艺。刺绣最常用在无檐帽、有檐帽、外套、毛毯、礼服衬衫、长筒袜、髙尔夫球衫上。令人感到吃惊的是:在刺绣的发展过程中，从起初到后来更精美的阶段，让人感觉不到也说不出来有什么材质或技术的变化。另一方面，我们发现后来很少能达到早期作品中的技术成就和髙水准的工艺。

Embroidery is a kind of handicraft to decorate fabric or other materials with needle and thread or yarn.It is usually used on caps,hats,coats,blankets,dressingshirts, stockings and golf shirts.In the development of embroidery,to our suprise,there are no changes of materials or techniques which can be felt or explained from the primitive to the more refined stage. On the other hand,we find that such technical achivement and high standards in early works can barely be attained in later times.

2.景泰蓝(cloisonne)是一种起源于元代北京的独特艺术。在明代的景泰年间，非常钟情于青铜制造技术(bronze-casting techniques)的君王发展了色彩加工技术，并且创造了迎合东方审美的亮蓝色。在一次加工技术的突破之后，此君王的大部分日常用具都由景泰蓝制成。

Cloisonne is a unique art that originated in Beijing in the Yuan Dynasty.In the period of Jingtai during the Ming Dynasty,the emperor who very appreciated bronze-casting techniques advanced color processing technology and created the bright blue that catered to the Oriental aesthetic sense.After a breakthrough of processing technology,most of the articles for his daily use were made of cloisonne.

3.用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁，主要由漆酚、漆酶、树胶质及水分构成。用它做涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆。

Lacquer contains handiworks and articles for daily use whose surface are smeared with paint.Raw lacquer ,which is maily comprised of urushiol,laccase,tree resin and water,is excised from the lacquer natural SAP.As a kind of paint,raw lacquer has such special functions as resistant to moisture,high temperature,and corrosion.It also can be formulated with different colors.

4.一件玉雕就是一件艺术品，它的美，或在于形态，或在于色彩，或在于意境，也可能都包含在内，而意境是对玉器整体评价的一个非常重要的方面。创作要有意境，玉器形态要逼真写实才能出玉器精品。

A jade carving is a work of art. Its beauty lies in its form, color, artistic conception or all, and artistic conception is a very important aspect of the overall evaluation of the jade. It is advisable to put the artistic conception into a jade ware,whose form should be a realistic representation and an image nature.Only in this way can we make high-quality jade ware.--Guan Qinqing (talk) 02:45, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Gui Yizhi 桂一枝

A.此后经过漫长的发展，湘绣逐渐将国画传统特点引入其中，从而形成了自身的独特风格。至清末民初(20世纪初期)，湘绣的发展达到鼎盛时期，甚至超越了苏绣，在中国刺绣业中独占鳌头。

In its later development, Xiang Embroidery absorbed the characteristics of traditional Chinese paintings and formed its own unique characteristics. Xiang embroidery experienced its heyday at the end of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) and in the early Republic of China (early 20th century)， even surpassing Su embroidery. --Gui Yizhi (talk) 16:38, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

B.景泰蓝是中国的一种传统艺术品。因其在明朝景泰年间盛行，而且以蓝色为主，故而得名“景泰蓝”。

Jing Tai Lan is a kind of Chinese traditional works of art. It got the name because it was very popular during the years of Jing Tai in the Ming Dynasty with blue as its main color.--Gui Yizhi (talk) 16:38, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

C.夏代之后，漆器品种渐多，在战国时期，漆器业独领风骚，形成长达5个世纪的空前繁荣。战国时漆器生产规模已经很大，被国家列入重要的经济收入来源，并设专人管理。

After the Xia Dynasty, the variety of lacquerware increased, and the craft flourished for five centuries starting in the Warring States Period from 475 B. C.to 221 B. C. The scale of lacquerware production had already become very large in the Warring States Period. Lacquerware was one of the main economic resources of the time, and there were specific offcials in charge of its production.--Gui Yizhi (talk) 16:38, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

D.中国的印章篆刻始于古代，贯穿于整个秦朝。篆刻的印帝最初是作为皇帝的玉玺来使用的。皇家的印章被称为玺并且只能由皇室成员使用。

Chinese seal carving first appeared in ancient times and was used throughout the Qin Dynasty. It was initially employed as an imperial seal. These imperial seal carvings named Xi were used only by the royalty.--Gui Yizhi (talk) 16:38, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Guo Lu 郭露

1. 宋代时期崇尚刺绣服装的风气，已逐渐在民间广泛流行，这也促使了中国丝绣工艺的发展。The vogue of the embroidered clothings in Song Dynasty had gone popular among folks, which also promoted the development of the Chinese silk embroidery.

As the vogue of wearing embroidered clothings gradually gained popularity among the folks in Song Dynasty, the silk embroidery in China has developed during that time.--Jiang Fengyi (talk) 05:52, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝是一种中国传统的手工艺精品，其历史可追溯至600多年前。Cloisonne is a kind of Chinese traditional handicrafts, which history can be traced back to 600 years ago.

Cloisonne is a kind of Chinese traditional handicrafts, whose history can be traced back to 600 years ago.--Jiang Fengyi (talk) 05:52, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

3. 沈绍安乃福州人，善漆工。漆器之有脱胎，系其始创。Born in Fuzhou, Fujian province, Shen Shaoan was good at lacquering. And it was him who created the earliest bodiless lacquer.

4. 中国四川的乐山大佛是世界上最大的佛像雕刻。它高达71米，修建于唐代。 The Giant Stone Buddha at Leshan Mountain in Sichuan, carved in the Tang Dynasty, is 71 metres high, making it the largest statue of Buddha in the world.

Built in the Tang Dynasty, the Leshan Giant Buddha in the Sichuan province is 71 meters high, making it the largest sculpture of Buddha in the world.--Jiang Fengyi (talk) 05:52, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

--Guo Lu (talk) 02:45, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

Ha, Thi Thu Hang

1. Embroidery is done with colored silk thread in different stitches.There are many kinds of hand-embroidery.

用不同针脚的彩色丝线绣制。手工刺绣有很多种。--HATHITHUHANG2 (talk) 17:24, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

刺绣指的是将彩色丝线用不同针法绣制的工艺。手工刺绣有许多种类。--Guo Lu (talk) 02:55, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

2. Base-hammering is the first step in the making of cloisonne

基础锤打是景泰蓝制作的第一步。--HATHITHUHANG2 (talk) 17:24, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3. Chinese lacquerware is elaborate in workmanship, elegant in appearance and harmonious in color.

中国漆器做工精细，外观高雅，色彩和谐。--HATHITHUHANG2 (talk) 17:24, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4. Wood carving was mostly limited to religious sculpture and architecture and furniture decoration in the past centuries.

木雕过去主要限于宗教雕塑，建筑和家具装饰。--HATHITHUHANG2 (talk) 17:24, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

He Changqi 何长琦

1.苏州一带盛产丝绸，民风又以细腻著称，苏绣因而大盛，苏绣有以针作画、巧夺天工的美名

Suzhou is abundant in silk,and people here and in the surrounding areas are known for their meticulous work style. For those two reasons ,embroidery has developed quickly,with Suzhou embroidery gaining the reputation of "using needles to draw pictures with superb craft surpassing nature."

2.这项工艺始创于明代景泰年间（1450-1456），初创时的颜色主要是蓝色，所以称为“景泰蓝”。到了成化年间（1465-1487），景泰蓝技术进一步成熟，此期作品沉稳凝重又透明灵动。

The making of cloisonne first appeared in Jingtai region(1450-1457) of the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644), with the main color used being blue,hence the name "Jingtai"or cloisonne as it became known later on.By the time of the Chenghua region（1465-1487），the techniques for making cloisonne were further developed,with products of this period looking heavy and dignified yet not lacking in eloquence or vividness.

3.漆器生产工序复杂，耗工耗时，漆器品种又特别繁多，不仅用于装饰家具，器皿，文具和艺术品，而且还应用于乐器，丧葬用具，兵器等。

Lacquerware production is complicated and time-consuming. lacquerware is rich in variety and it can not only used to decorate furniture, utensils, stationery and artwork, but also used in Musical Instruments, funeral utensils, weapons and so on.

4.在中国，木雕主要分成三个类别：建筑雕刻、家具雕刻和艺术品雕刻。中国的木雕以其令人印象深刻的细致构造和主题之美受到了全世界的欣赏.

In China, caving contains three categories: building caving,furniture caving and handcraft caving.Chinese caving has impressed the world by its delicate structure and meaningful themes,thus gaining appreciation around the global.

--He Changqi (talk) 02:38, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

In China, wood carving contains three categories: building carving, furniture carving and handcraft carving. Chinese wood caving has impressed the world by its delicate structure and meaningful themes, thus gaining appreciation around the global. --Chen Han (talk) 06:36, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Hu Baihui 胡百辉

1.景泰蓝，北京著名的汉族传统手工艺品，距今已有600多年的历史。 Cloisonne, a famous traditional handicraft of Han nationality in Beijing, has a history of more than 600 years.

2.用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。 The daily utensils, handicrafts and fine arts made by painting on the surface of various utensils are generally called "lacquerware".

3.木工，是一门工艺，一门独有的技术，也是建筑常用的技术。 Carpentry is a craft, a unique technology, and also a common technology in architecture.

Carpentry is not only a craft which is regarded as an unique technology, and also a common technique in architecture.--He Changqi (talk) 07:01, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

4.刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，在中国至少有二三千年历史。 Embroidery is one of the traditional Chinese folk crafts, which has a history of at least two or three thousand years in China.--Hu Baihui (talk) 02:15, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

With a history of more than 2000 to 3000 years, Embroidery is known as one of the traditional Chinese folk crafts.--He Changqi (talk) 07:01, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

Hu Jin 胡瑾

1.刺绣（Embroidery）是中国艺术的一颗璀璨明珠,在秦汉时期就已达到较高的水平.它是一门传统工艺,有各种样式,广泛分布于中国的各个地区.

Embroidery is a brilliant pearl of Chinese art,which had already reached a high level in the Qin and Han dynasties. Embroidery is a traditional craft with diverse styles,which spread over the different regions of China.

2. 景泰蓝又称"铜胎掐丝珐琅"，是一种中国传统的手工艺精品。它以细扁铜丝作线条，在铜制的胎地上捏出各种图案花纹，再将五彩珐琅点填在花纹内，经烧制、磨平、镀金而成。

Cloisonné, which is also called copper padding thread weaving enamel, is a kind of Chinese traditional handicrafts. The manufacture of cloisonné ware requires an elaborate and complicated process, namely, base-hammering, copper-wire curving, soldering, polishing, and gilding, ect.

3.漆器一般鬓朱饰黑，或鬓黑饰朱，以优美的图案在器物表面构成一个绚丽的彩色世界。

Lacquerware was, however, usually coated black and decorated with red de-signs or coated red and decorated with black designs.

Lacquerware is generally decorated with black on the vermilion temples, or decorated with cinnabar on the black temples, and forms a gorgeous colorful world on the surface of the ware with beautiful patterns.--Zou Xinyu2 (talk) 10:06, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Zou Xinyu

4.很多陶塑、骨雕、石刻作品都是多元的艺术作品形态，其中很多作品甚至到了炉火纯青的阶段，体现了精神的艺术水准。

Many pottery sculptures, bone carvings and stone carvings are equipped with diversified forms of artistic works, many of which have even reached the perfect stage, reflecting the spiritual artistic level.--Hu Jin (talk) 07:50, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Jiang Fengyi 蒋凤仪

刺绣作为一个地域广泛的手工艺品，在各个国家、民族通过长期的积累和发展，都有其自身的优势。

As a kind of handicraft spreading through a wide geographical area, embroidery has been long developed in many nations and ethnic groups, by which they all bear their own edge.

景泰蓝，中国的著名特种金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺制作达到了最巅峰，制作出的工艺最为精美而闻名。

Cloisonne, one of the famous special metal crafts, whose producing technology reach its peak in the Jingtan Years in the Ming Dynasty, has a great reputation for its delicacy.

明代时期的工艺美术跨入新的阶段，官方设厂专制御制用的各种漆器，并由著名的漆艺家管理。

In the Ming Dynasty, industrial art has walked into a new phrase, during which the government set up factories to make lacquerware that were provided only for the royalty and appointed craftsmen to take charge of them.

工艺师在制作过程中，根据不同玉料的天然颜色和自然形状，经过精心设计、反复琢磨，才能把玉石雕成精美的工艺品。

Based on the original colors and shapes of different raw jade materials, the craftsman needs go through a process of precise design and repeated consideration, and then they could made the jade materials into artistic handworks--Jiang Fengyi (talk) 05:32, 12 October 2020 (UTC).

Jiang Qiwei 蒋淇玮

1.刺绣是针线在织物上绣制的各种装饰图案的总称，也是一种民间传统手工艺，在中国至少有两千年历史，分为丝线刺绣和羽毛刺绣两种。中国刺绣主要有苏绣、湘绣、蜀绣和粤绣四大门类，技法有乱针绣、挑花等，用途主要包括生活和艺术装饰，如服装、床上用品、舞台、艺术品装饰。 Embroidery is a kind of traditional folk handcraft of decorating fabric with needles and thread. With a history of about two thousand years, it can be classified into silk embroidery and feather embroidery. Chinese embroidery comprises four kinds, namely Suzhou embroidery, Hunan embroidery, Sichuan embroidery, and Guangdong embroidery, and boasts several techniques, covering crewel embroidery, cross-stitch work and so on. Embroidery is mainly found in life and art decoration, including clothes, beddings, stage, and artworks.

2.景泰蓝是中国的著名特种金属工艺品之一，属于国家级非物质文化遗产。因其使用的珐琅釉多以蓝色为主，故名。以其悠久的历史、典雅优美的造型、鲜艳夺目的色彩、华丽多姿的图案、繁多的品种造型著名。 Cloisonne is one of the famed and special metal handicrafts in China, which is national intangible cultural heritage. Named after the blue enamel it mainly adopts, it is well-known for its long history, ornate patterns and various designs.

3.漆器是指用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等。漆器有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，中国从新石器时代起就认识了漆的性能并用以制器，历经商周直至明清，中国的漆器工艺不断发展，达到了相当高的水平。 Lacquerware refers to the daily ware, crafts and artworks whose surfaces are painted with lacquer. It has the characteristics of moisture resistance, high-temperature resistance, and corrosion prevention. Since the neolithic age, Chinese people have been awared of the quality of lacquer and employed it to make ware. From Shang and Zhou Dynasties to Ming and Qing Dynasties, the lacquer craft has been developing continuously and reached a high level.

4.雕刻指用工具削去材料的一部分以塑造出特定的形状。这项技艺适用于所有能被工具打磨，且被削去部分后仍能维持形态的固体。作为制作雕塑的一种方法，雕刻与其他方法有所不同，因为其他方法采用柔软且有延展性的材料，如粘土和玻璃液。这些材料能在其柔软的时候塑形，之后变硬定型。相较之下，雕刻要费工得多。 Carving is the act of using tools to shape something from a material by scraping away portions of that material. The technique can be applied to any material that is solid enough to hold a form even when pieces have been removed from it, and yet soft enough for portions to be scraped away with available tools. Carving, as a means for making sculpture, is distinct from methods using soft and malleable materials like clay or melted glass, which may be shaped into the desired forms while soft and then harden into that form. Carving tends to require much more work than methods using malleable materials.--Jiang Qiwei (talk) 06:36, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Kang Haoyu 康浩宇

原来绣这璎珞的也是个姑苏女子，名唤慧娘。因她亦是书香宦门之家，她原精于书画，不过偶然绣一两件针线作耍，并非市卖之物。凡这屏上所绣的花卉，皆仿的是唐、宋、元、明各名家的折枝花卉。 It turned out that the one who the embroidered the wreaths called Huiniang, also a Suzhou woman. Grew up in a literary and prominent family as well, she used to be proficient in calligraphy and paintings and did some embroideries occasionally just for pleasure instead of sale. All the flowers embroidered on the cloth are imitations of great painters' works of Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties.--Kang Haoyu (talk) 07:19, 9 October 2020 (UTC) It turned out that the one who embroidered the wreaths called Huiniang, also a girl from Suzhou. Raised up in a literary and prominent family, she used to be proficient in calligraphy and paintings and did some embroideries occasionally just for pleasure instead of sale. All the flowers embroidered on the cloth are imitations of great painters' works of Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties.--Liu Yiyu (talk) 05:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Liu Yiyu

中国有句很有哲理的老话，“他山之石，可以攻玉”，即使这种以金属为胎填敷珐琅釉料烧制而成的作品是舶来品，但在中华民族博大精深的艺术土壤上，也很快就融会了中华民族的传统风格，成为中国工艺美术史上一颗璀璨的明珠。 There is a very philosophical old saying in China, "A stone from another mountain can attack jade". Even if this work, made by filling enamel glaze with metal as a tire and then getting fired, is imported from elsewhere, it quickly melts the traditional style of the Chinese nation in the profound artistic soil of the Chinese nation and becomes a bright pearl in the history of Chinese arts and crafts.--Kang Haoyu (talk) 07:19, 9 October 2020 (UTC) There is a very philosophical old saying in China, "A stone from another mountain can attack jade". Even if this work, made by filling enamel glaze with metal as a tire and then getting fired, is imported from elsewhere, it quickly melts itself into the traditional style of the Chinese nation in the profound artistic soil of the Chinese nation and becomes a bright pearl in the history of Chinese arts and crafts.--Liu Yiyu (talk) 05:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Liu Yiyu

一号墓出土了大量陪葬用漆器，如杯、盘、化妆盒等，杯盘内底上写有“君幸食”、“君幸酒”字样，还有注明器物容量的。外表光亮如新，可见汉初漆器制造工业水平较发达。 A large number of lacquerwares for burial, such as cups, plates, cosmetic boxes, etc., were unearthed from Tomb No.1. The words such as "君幸食"(eat well) and "君幸酒"(drink well) were written on the inner bottom of the cups and plates .There were also indicators of the capacity of utensils. The appearance of these lacquerwares is bright as new, which shows that the lacquerware manufacturing industry in the early Han Dynasty is relatively developed.--Kang Haoyu (talk) 07:19, 9 October 2020 (UTC) 木雕种类纷繁复杂，各大流派经过数百年的发展，形成各自独特的工艺风格，享誉全国。 There are many kinds of woodcarving. After hundreds of years of development, each major school has formed its own unique craft style, which is well-known throughout the country.--Kang Haoyu (talk) 07:19, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Lei Fangyuan 雷方圆

1.刺绣在中国已有几千年的历史，是中国传统手工艺上的璀璨星光。我国刺绣主要分为湘绣、苏绣、蜀绣和越绣四类。 Embroidery has a history of thousands of years in China, which is the bright star of Chinese traditional crafts.Chinese embroidery is mainly divided into four types:Xiang Xiu, Su Xiu, Shu Xiu and Yue Xiu.--Lei Fangyuan (talk) 01:24, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Embroidery,with a history of thousands of years in China, is the bright star of traditional Chinese crafts. Chinese embroideryis mainly divided into four types:Hunan embroidery,Suzhou embroidery, Sichuan embroidery and Guangdong embroidery.--Zeng Liang (talk) 07:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.在这个具有五千年悠久历史的国度里，涌现着一批批能工巧匠，他们将自己智慧的结晶，化作一件件精美绝伦的工艺品流传于世。景泰蓝便是这批工艺品中一颗璀璨的明珠，熠熠生辉。

In this country with a long history of five thousand years, there emerged a batch of skilled craftsmen who turn the crystallization of their wisdom into pieces of exquisite crafts and handed it down in the world. Cloisonne is a bright pearl in this batch of crafts, shining.--Lei Fangyuan (talk) 02:05, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

In this country with a long history of five thousand years, there emeged a batch of skilled craftsmen who turned the crystallization of their wisdom into pieces of exquisite crafts and handed it down in the world. Cloisonne is a bright pearl in this batch of crafts,shining brilliantly.--Zeng Liang (talk) 07:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

In this country with a long history of five thousand years,there emerged batches of skilled craftsmen who turned their wisdom into pieces of exquisite crafts and handed them down in the world. Cloisonne, as a bright pearl, shines in this batch of crafts.--Zhang Yu (talk) 07:40, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.中国是漆器的发源地，早在七千多年前，人们已经开始在漆树中采割乳液。生漆的主要成分是漆酚、漆酶、蛋白质和水。这些物质同漆树一同生长。温度、光照、湿度，哪怕再细微的变化都有可能让生漆的成分发生变化。 China is the birthplace of lacquerware, as early as more than seven thousand years ago, people began to cut emulsions from lacquer trees. The main components of raw lacquer are urushiol, laccase, protein and water. These substances grow with lacquer trees. Temperature, light, humidity, even if the slightest change may make the composition of raw lacquer change.--Lei Fangyuan (talk) 02:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

China is the birthplace of lacquerware. As early as more than seven thousand years ago, people began to cut emulsions from lacquer trees. The main components of raw lacquer are urushiol, laccase, protein and water. These substances grow with lacquer trees. Temperature, light, humidity, even if the slightest change may make the composition of raw lacquer change.--Zeng Liang (talk) 07:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Lei Kuangxi 雷旷溪

1、随着蚕丝的使用，丝织品的产生与发展，刺绣工艺也逐渐兴起，宋代时期崇尚刺绣服装的风气，已逐渐在民间广泛流行，这也促使了中国丝绣工艺的发展。

With the use of Silk, the emergence and development of Silk Fabrics, as well as the embroidery technology has gradually arisen, Song Dynasty advocate the embroidered clothing,it has gradually popular among the people, which also prompted the development of Chinese silk embroidery process.

With the use of natural silk, the emergence and development of silk fabrics, embroidery has gradually risen. Wearing embroidery clothes is prevailing in Song Dynasty ,and has a widespread popularity among its people, which has prompted the development of Chinese silk embroidery as well.--Gui Yizhi (talk) 03:36, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

2、景泰蓝诞生于皇宫，是皇家重要的组成部分，是皇宫大殿的主要陈设，亦是镇殿之宝。

Cloisonne was born in the palace, which is an important part of the Royal Palace and the main decoration of the palace.it is also the town hall treasure.

3、漆器一般指涂以透明或不透明漆的某些木制或陶瓷、金属物件。中国古代漆器的漆，是从漆树上采割下来的天然液汁。

Lacquerware generally refers to certain wood or ceramic or metal objects coated with transparent or opaque lacquer. The lacquer of Chinese ancient lacquerware is the natural juice cut from the lacquer tree.

4、细雕在玉雕工艺中就是对粗雕的玉器进行精细修饰。这是使玉雕作品进一步完美和增添神采的过程。在这一过程中需要对玉器的许多细部进行雕琢。

Fine carving in the jade carving process is the fine modification of the rough carved jade ware. This is to further perfect the jade carving work and add to the process. In this process, many details of the jade articles need to be carved.--Lei kuangxi (talk) 14:32, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Lei kuangxi

Li Lili 李丽丽

1.刺绣是用针和线把人的设计和制作添加在任何存在的织物上的一种艺术。刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，在中国至少有二三千年历史。 Embroidery is the art adding human design and production to any fabric that exits with needles and threads. It is one of the traditional Chinese folk crafts, which has a history of at least two or three thousand years in China.--Li LIli (talk) 07:50, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili

Embroidery is the art which adds human design and production to any fabric by using needles and threads. It is one of the traditional Chinese folk crafts, which has a history of at least two or three thousand years in China.--Gao Mingzhu (talk) 14:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu

2.景泰蓝有着很悠久的发展史，然而因现有文献记载不足，缺少早期有可靠年款的制品为断代依据，所以至今没有定论。 Cloisonne has a very long history of development, however, due to the lack of existing documents and reliable early model products as the basis for dating, so there is still no final conclusion.--Li LIli (talk) 07:50, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili--Gao Mingzhu (talk) 14:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu

3.用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。 The daily utensils, handicrafts and fine arts made by painting lacquer on the surface of various utensils are generally called "lacquerware".--Li LIli (talk) 07:50, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili

The daily utensils, handicrafts and fine arts made by painting lacquer on their surface are generally called "lacquerware".--Gao Mingzhu (talk) 14:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu

4.一个雕刻完成的作品可以被称为雕刻，但雕塑一词通常被用来指具有严肃艺术意涵或美学意涵的作品。 The carved works can be called sculpture, but the term sculpture is often used to refer to the works with serious artistic or aesthetic implications.--Li LIli (talk) 07:50, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili

A finished work of sculpture may be called sculpture, but the term sculpture is often used to refer to a work of serious artistic or aesthetic significance.--Zhu Xu (talk) 13:40, 1 November 2020 (UTC)

Li Liqin 李丽琴

1. 刺绣是我国优秀的民族传统工艺之一。明朝封建王朝的宫廷绣工规模很大，民间刺绣也得到进一步发展，先后产生了苏绣、粤绣、湘绣、蜀绣，号称“四大名绣”。

Embroidery is a splendid traditional craft in China. During the Ming Dynasty, the embroidery scale in the imperial court is large, and folk embroidery witnessed further development. Su embroidery, Yue embroidery, Xiang embroidery and Shu embroidery emerged successively, known as the four prominent embroidery products. --Li Liqin (talk) 05:57, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Embroidery is a splendid traditional national craft in China. In the Ming Dynasty, the embroidery scale in the imperial court was large, and the folk embroidery enjoyed further development. Su embroidery, Yue embroidery, Xiang embroidery and Shu embroidery emerged successively, known as the Four Famous Embroideries.--Guan Qinqing (talk) 05:17, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2. 景泰蓝在明朝景泰年间盛行，又因其使用的珐琅釉多以蓝色为主，故而得名“景泰蓝”。于2006年入选首批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。作为一种宫廷艺术，景泰蓝是明清宫中高贵的装饰艺术品，是皇室权力与地位的象征。

The name of cloisonné comes from the facts that, it gained popularity during the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty and the enamel glaze used was mostly blue. In 2006, it was included in the first national intangible cultural heritage list. As a court art, it is a noble decorative art in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, as well as a symbol of royal power and status. --Li Liqin (talk) 05:57, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3. 大约在七千多年前，我们的祖先就已经能制造漆器了。在战国时期，漆器业独领风骚，形成长达五个世纪的空前繁荣。

Our ancestors were able to produce lacquerware more than 7000 years ago. In the Warring States Period, lacquerware industry took the lead and its unprecedented prosperity lasted 500 years. --Li Liqin (talk) 05:57, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Our ancestors were able to produce lacquerware more than 7000 years ago. In the Warring States Period, lacquerware industry took the lead and enjoyed a 5000-year-long prosperity.--He Changqi (talk) 06:48, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

4. 我国木雕艺术源远流长。木雕刚开始是一种不自觉的行为，直到人们有了审美，才真正成为一门艺术。2008年6月7日，木雕经国务院批准列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。

China’s wood carving runs a long history. Wood carving began as an involuntary act, and it didn’t become an art until people can observe things aesthetically. On June 7, 2008, it was approved by the State Council to be included in the second list of national intangible cultural heritage.--Li Liqin (talk) 05:57, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Liu Liu 刘柳

1.心灵手巧的苏州绣娘们，以针代笔，积丝累线，通过一针一线，花上数天或数年的时间，绣出形神兼备、配色秀雅、色泽文静的作品。

It takes days or even years for ingenious female embroider of Suzhou to embroider works with the unity of form and spirit,elegant color and delicate luster stitch by stitch.

2.在这个具有五千年悠久历史的国度里，涌现着一批批能工巧匠，他们将自己智慧的结晶，化作一件件精妙绝伦的工艺品流传于世。

Numbers of skillful craftsmen have emerged in China,a country with five thousand years of history.They have created plenty of magnificent artwares with their wisdom all over the world.

3.如果说瓷器像茉莉花一样清新高雅，那么景泰蓝一定像美艳的牡丹高贵大气，虽然它们各有千秋，但不同于瓷器的是景泰蓝的制作工序更为复杂，造型也更多变。

Porcelain is as fresh and exquisite as jasmine,while cloisonné is as gorgeous and noble as peony.Although each has its own merits,unlike porcelain,it’s more complicated to make cloisonné and it’s more varied in shape.

4.玉雕是中国独有的技艺，具有悠久的发展历史和鲜明的时代特征，不同的朝代，玉雕有着不同的造型与特色。

As a unique craft in China,jade carving is of great antiquity and of distinctive characters of the times.It shows different shape and feature in different dynasties.--Liu Liu (talk) 03:15, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

Liu Ou 刘欧

1.湘绣与苏绣、蜀绣、粤绣齐名，为中国四大名绣之一。 Xiang (Hu Nan) Embroidery was regarded as one of the four famous embroidery in China, the others being Su (Su Zhou) Embroidery, Shu (Si Chuan) Embroidery and Yue (Guang Dong) Embroidery. Xiang (Hunan) Embroidery was regarded as one of the four famous embroidery in China, the others being Su (Jiangsu) Embroidery, Shu (Sichuan) Embroidery and Yue (Guangdong) Embroidery.--Liu Ou (talk) 03:39, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝是最具北京特色的传统手工艺之一。 Cloisonne is one of the traditional handcrafts featured with Beijing flavor.

3.漆器制作非常费时。 Lacquerware takes plent of time to make.

Lacquerware takes plenty of time to make.--Chen Jingjing (talk) 10:12, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing

4.木雕工序异常繁杂，足足有8道工序，最难的就是绘制图案。 The eight procedures of carving making are extraordinary complicated，among which the most difficult is drawing the pattern.--Liu Ou (talk) 11:46, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝是最具北京特色的传统手工艺之一。

Cloisonné is one of the most distinctive traditional handicrafts of Beijing. --Zhang Weihong (talk) 15:01, 10 October 2020 (UTC) Zhang Weihong

3.漆器制作非常费时。

The production of lacquerware is time-consuming. --Zhang Weihong (talk) 15:01, 10 October 2020 (UTC) Zhang Weihong

Liu Yi 刘艺

1.刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，在中国至少有二三千年历史。中国刺绣主要有苏绣、湘绣、蜀绣和粤绣四大门类。

1.Embroidery is one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts, with a history of at least two to three thousand years in China. There are four main categories of Chinese embroidery: Suzhou embroidery, Hunan embroidery, Sichuan embroidery and Guangdong embroidery.--Liu Yi (talk) 15:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

1.Embroidery is one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts, which has a history of at least two to three thousand years in China. Chinese embroidery mainly includes Su embroidery, Xiang embroidery, Shu embroidery and Yue embroidery.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 14:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

2.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。关于景泰蓝的起源，考古界没有统一的答案。一种观点认为景泰蓝诞生于唐代。

2.Beijing is the birthplace of China's cloisonne and the most important place of production. About the origin of cloisonne, there is no unified answer in the archaeological world. One view is that cloisonne was born in the Tang Dynasty.--Liu Yi (talk) 15:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

2. Beijing is the birthplace of cloisonne in China and the most important producing area. There is no unified answer in the archaeological world to the origin of cloisonne. One view holds that cloisonne originated in the Tang Dynasty.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 14:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.中国古代漆器的工艺，早在新石器时代就已经出现，夏代的漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀.

3.The craftsmanship of ancient Chinese lacquerware has appeared as early as the Neolithic Age. The lacquerware of the Xia Dynasty was used not only in daily life, but also in sacrifices.--Liu Yi (talk) 15:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

3. The craft of lacquerware in ancient China appeared as early as the Neolithic Age. Lacquerware in the Xia Dynasty was not only for daily use, but also for sacrifice.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 14:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

4.总之，刀法就是雕刻家用来体现自己创作构思的技术手法，也是形象地揭示艺术内容的手段。

4.To conclude, the knife technique is a kind of skill used by the sculptor to show his creative ideas, and it is also a means to reveal the artistic content vividly.--Liu Yi (talk) 15:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

4.In a word, knife cutting is the technique used by sculptors to embody their creative ideas, and it is also a means to vividly reveal the artistic content.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 14:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Liu Yiyu 刘怡瑜

在原始社会，人们用纹身、纹面来进行装饰。自从有了麻布、毛纺织品、丝织品，有了衣服，人们就开始在衣服上刺绣图腾等各式纹样。 In primitive society, people used tattoos for ornament. Since the advent of linen, woolen textiles, silk fabrics, and clothes, people began to embroider totems and other patterns on clothes. People in the primitive society used tattoos for decorations. But with the advent of linen, woolen textiles, silk fabrics, and clothes, people began to embroider totems and other patterns on clothes.--Li LIli (talk) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili

清代初期的景泰蓝缺乏独创性，无论造型、色彩和装饰大都沿袭了明代的风格。 For lack of originality, the cloisonne in the early Qing Dynasty, with most of its shapes, colors and decorations was handed down from those of the Ming Dynasty. The cloisonne in the early Qing Dynasty, in the absence of originality, followed the style of the Ming Dynasty in terms of its shapes, colors and decorations.--Li LIli (talk) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili

明代时期的工艺美术跨入新的阶段，官方设厂专制御用的各种漆器，并由著名的漆艺家管理。除了官设的漆器厂外，民间漆器生产也遍及大江南北。 The arts and crafts of the Ming Dynasty made a breakthrough, and the government set up factories to exclusively manufacture various lacquerware for the royal use, and the factories were managed by celebrated lacquer artists. Besides the official lacquerware factories, folk lacquerware production also spreads across the country. The arts and crafts of the Ming Dynasty entered a new stage:the government set up factories to manufacture various lacquerware exclusively for the royal, which were managed by celebrated lacquer artists. Besides the official lacquerware factories, folk ones also were scattered across China.--Li LIli (talk) 09:59, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili

中国历代修建的石塔甚多，其中运用石雕刻艺术装饰者常见，而在寺观内的塔中石雕刻内容多与各种宗教文化有关。 In the past, there were many stone towers in China. Towers with stone cravings decoration are common, and in temples, the carvings on the towers are mostly related to diverse religious cultures.--Liu Yiyu (talk) 04:57, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Liu Yiyu There were many stone towers through Chinese dynasties, of which towers with stone cravings decoration were common. And the carvings on wall of the towers in the temples were mostly related to diverse religious cultures.--Li LIli (talk) 09:59, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili

Lou Cancan 娄灿灿

1 苏绣是流传于苏州及其周边地区的民间刺绣工艺，形成于三国时期，与粤绣、湘绣、蜀绣并称中国四大名绣，至今已有2000余年的历史。明清时期，苏绣开始成熟并且逐渐形成了精细、雅洁的风格，它的传承完整且没有断代。

Su Embroidery used to be a popular folk craft in the Yangtze River area around Suzhou City. Together with Yue, Xiang, and Shu embroideries, they are called the Four Famous Embroideries of China. Emerged in the Three Kingdoms Period, Su Embroidery has a history of more than 2000 years. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, it prospered and generally developed its delicate and elegant styles. The legacy of Su Embroidery is consistent without any discontinuities.--Lou Cancan (talk) 12:11, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

2 景泰蓝（Cloisonne），中国的著名特种金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺技术制作达到了最巅峰，这一期间制作出的工艺品最为精美，故后人称这种金属器为“景泰蓝”。

Cloisonne is one of China's famous special metal handiworks. This kind of craft reached its peak in the Jingtai period of the Ming dynasty when craftsmen produced the most exquisite cloisonnes, so the later generations called this kind of metal ware "Cloisonne".--Lou Cancan (talk) 12:11, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Cloisonne, one of the famous special metal handicrafts in China, reached its peak during the Jingtai period of Ming Dynasty, and the handicrafts produced during this period were the most exquisite, so it was later called "cloisonne".--Kang Haoyu (talk) 07:26, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3 漆器起源于中国，千百年来一直与中国人的生活息息相关，从王侯贵族到平民百姓，漆器始终是生活的日用器物。

Lacquerware originate in China and have been closely related to the life of Chinese people for thousands of years. From the aristocratic to common people, lacquerware have always been daily-used articles.--Lou Cancan (talk) 12:11, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Lacquerware originated in China and has been closely related to the lives of Chinese people for thousands of years. From princes and nobles to common people, lacquerware has always been a daily utensil of life.--WuQiong (talk) 14:57, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

4 众所周知，玉雕是中国最古老的雕刻品种之一。早在新石器时代晚期，中华民族就有了玉制工具。商周时期，制玉成为一种专业，玉器是礼仪用具和装饰佩件。在中国古代，玉被当作美好品物的标志和德行的象征。

It is universally acknowledged by the world that jade carving (玉雕) is one of the oldest carving arts in China. Crude jade tools appeared in China as early as in the late Neolithic Age (新石器时代). And in the primitive society, our ancestries began to make manufacturing jade tools such as knife, shovel, ax and lance and the jade ornaments. Jade carving became an industry in the Shang (商) (16th century BC- 11th century BC) and Zhou (周) (11th BC- 221 BC) dynasties. Jade wares were used in rituals or as decorative pendants. In ancient China, jade was also regarded as a symbol of refinement and moral ethics. --Lou Cancan (talk) 12:11, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Lo, Minh Thao

Luo Weijia 罗维嘉

1.苏绣已有2000多年的历史，是中国艺术史与民俗历上一种重要的手艺形式。作为中国传统民间艺术的代表，以针法多样、图案秀丽、色彩高雅以及工艺精湛而闻名。

Su embroidery already has a history more than 2,000 years and is an important form of handicraft in the history of Chinese art and folk custom. As a representative of Chinese traditional folk arts，it is famous for its variety of stitches, beautiful patterns, elegant colors, and consummate craftsmanship.--Luo Weijia (talk) 02:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.古时，景泰蓝技艺大部分用于衣服上的珠宝及小配件、武器或是一些几何纹饰的小物件上。

In antiquity, the cloisonné technique was mostly used for jewelry and small fittings for clothes, weapons or similar small objects decorated with geometric designs.--Luo Weijia (talk) 02:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.中国商朝时期，精湛的漆器公益发展成为一项极具艺术性的技艺。

During the Shang dynasty of China, sophisticated lacquer process techniques developed into a highly artistic craft.--Luo Weijia (talk) 02:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

During the Shang Dynasty（B.C 1600-B.C 1046）, the exquisite lacquer ware developed into an artistic craft.--Wu Yilu (talk) 11:56, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.木雕的制作已被广泛应用，但因其易腐朽、遭虫害和火灾，远不如石雕和铜雕那样保存完好。

The making of sculpture in wood has been extremely widely practised, but survives much less well than stone and bronze sculptures, as it is vulnerable to decay, insect damage, and fire. --Luo Weijia (talk) 02:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Luo Yuqing 罗雨晴

1.四大名绣形成于十九世纪中叶，它的产生除了本身的艺术特点外，另一个重要原因就是绣品商业化的结果。由于市场需求和刺绣产地的不同，刺绣工艺品作为一种商品开始形成了各自的地方特色，其中苏、蜀、粤、湘四个地方的产品销路尤广，故有"四大名绣"之称。

“The four famous embroideries" was formed in the middle of the 19th century. In addition to its own artistic characteristics, the commercialization of embroidery is another important reason . Due to the different market demand and its places of origin, embroidery crafts as a kind of commodity have formed their own local features. Among them, Su, Shu, Yue and Xiang (Suzhou Province，Sichuan Province, Guangdong Province and Hunan Province) have a wide market in that they are called "four famous embroidery".--Luo Yuqing (talk) 13:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.如果说瓷器像茉莉花一样清新高雅，那么景泰蓝一定是美艳的牡丹花高贵大气，虽然他们各有千秋，但不同于瓷器的是景泰蓝的制作工序更为复杂，造型也更多变。

If porcelain is as fresh and elegant as jasmine, cloisonne must be a beautiful peony with noble atmosphere. Although both of them have their own merits, cloisonne has more complex production process and more changeable shapes than porcelain does.--Luo Yuqing (talk) 13:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆器一般指涂以透明或不透明漆的某些木制、陶瓷或金属物件。中国古代漆器的漆，是从漆树上采割下来的天然液汁。漆树产于中国，约10年树龄可割取树液做为生漆。

Lacquer ware generally refers to some wooden, ceramic and metal objects coated with transparent or opaque paint. The lacquer of ancient Chinese lacquerware is the natural juice collected from lacquer tree. Lacquer tree is produced in China and it can be harvested from the sap of nearly ten-years-old trees as raw lacquer.--Luo Yuqing (talk) 13:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.传统雕刻即以手工的方式运用刀、斧等工具在木材、石材等基料上进行艺术创作。现代雕刻根据工具和方法的不同可分为化学蚀刻、电蚀刻、手工雕刻、激光雕刻、标记雕刻、机械雕刻、辊模雕刻等。

Traditional carving is to use knife, axe and other tools to create art on wood, stone and other basic materials by hand. According to the different tools and methods, modern engraving can be divided into chemical etching, electric etching, manual carving, laser engraving, marking engraving, mechanical engraving, roller mold engraving, etc.--Luo Yuqing (talk) 13:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Mo Ling 莫玲

1.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称，给人以圆润坚实、细腻工整、金碧辉煌、繁花似锦的艺术感受，成为驰名世界的传统手工艺品。

Beijing is the birthplace and the most important producing area of Chinese cloisonne.It is known for its elegant and magnificent shapes,manifoid patterns as well as comely and dignified colors,leaving people an artistic impression of solidity,fineness,magnificence and affluence. Thus it gains world fame as Chinese traditional handicraft.

Beijing is the birthplace of Chinese cloisonne and the most important place of its production. Chinese cloisonne is known for its elegant and magnificent shapes, manifold patterns as well as comely and dignified colors, leaving people an artistic impression of solidity,fineness,magnificence and affluence. Thus it gains a fame all over the world as the Chinese traditional handicraft.--Ouyang Ling

2.湘绣作品以国画为题材，与绘画相结合，具有构图章法严谨，形象生动逼真，色差鲜明，质感强烈，形神皆备，远观气势宏伟，近看出神入化的效果。曾有"绣花花生香，鸟能听声，绣虎能奔跑，绣人能传神"的美誉。

Hunan embroidery draws materials from Chinese painting and integrates painting into itself.It embodies strict composition,vivid image,dinstinct color divergence and intense texture.If seen from afar,it shows an magnificent momentum,while if observed closely,it becomes spiritualized.The flowers，birds,tigers and people in Hunan embroidery are so vivid as if viewers can smell the flower fragrance,hear the bird chirping，see the tiger running and people coming to life.Thus,Hunan embroidery has won a wide reputation.

Hunan embroidery draws materials from Chinese painting and integrates painting into itself. It embodies strict composition,vivid images, dinstinct color divergence and intense texture, carrying both form and spirit. If seen from afar, it shows a magnificent momentum, while if observed closely,it becomes spiritualized. The flowers，birds,tigers and people in Hunan embroidery are so vivid as if viewers can smell the flower fragrance, hear the bird chirping，see the tiger running and people coming to life. Thus, Hunan embroidery has won a good reputation.--Ouyang Ling

3.陕西、河南、山西等地出土的与真人等高的石雕菩萨立像，敦煌莫高窟第159、194等窟的彩塑菩萨像，都女性化了，造型以当时贵族妇女形象为参照，丰颐长目，体态婀娜，缨络遍体，表现出超出了宗教氛围的富贵气息。

Feminine traits are conspicuous about the stone statues of Bodhisattvas at the same height as real people unearthed in Shaanxi, Henan, Shanxi and other places, and the colored statues of Bodhisattvas in caves 159 and 194 of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang. The models are based on the images of aristocratic women at that time. They are gorgeous,graceful and full of tassels, showing a rich and noble atmosphere beyond the religious atmosphere.

Feminine traits are conspicuous in the stone statues of Bodhisattvas at the same height as real people unearthed in Shaanxi, Henan, Shanxi and other places, and the colored statues of Bodhisattvas in caves 159 and 194 of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang. The models are based on the images of aristocratic women at that time. They have round chin and long eyes,graceful postures and tassels all over the body, showing a rich and noble atmosphere beyond the religious atmosphere.--Ouyang Ling

4.古漆者，光泽华，似乌金而非寒，明丽堂皇，有着庄重富贵的气质，古之时多为皇亲贵族所用。

Ancient lacquerwares were quite glossy, similar to black gold yet not cold.Besides being bright in appearance ,they sent out an solemn and affluent temperament,thus used by royal relatives and nobles in most cases in ancient times.--Mo Ling (talk) 02:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Mo Ling

Ancient lacquerwares were quite glossy, resembling black gold yet not cold. With bright and grand appearance ,they sent out a solemn and affluent temperament, thus being used by imperial relatives and nobles in most cases in ancient times.--Ouyang Ling

Ngo, Thi Minh Huong

Ouyang Ling 欧阳玲

1.1958年，在中国长沙楚墓中出土了龙凤图案的刺绣品，这是两千多年前中国古代战国时期的刺绣品，是现在已经发现的中国最早的刺绣实物之一。

In 1958, some embroideries with dragon and phoenix patterns were unearthed from the Chu tombs in Changsha, China. They were made more than 2000 years ago, during the Warring States period in ancient China, and found as one of the earliest embroidery objects in China.

In 1958, some embroideries with dragon and phoenix patterns were unearthed from the Chu tombs in Changsha, China. They were made more than 2000 years ago, during the Warring States period in ancient China,one of the earliest embroidery objects in China.--Chen Jingjing (talk) 12:09, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing

2.景泰蓝是已有五百多年历史的中国传统工艺美术品，它以工艺精细复杂、色泽晶莹瑰丽、外表华丽而驰名中外。景泰蓝制作一共有六道工序：设计、制胎、掐丝、点蓝、磨光、镀金。

Cloisonne is Chinese tradiational arts and crafts with a history of more than 500 years. It is renowned both at home and abroad for its fine and complex workmanship，glittering and and magnificent luster and gorgeous appearance. There are six steps in making a cloisonne: design, mold-making, wire-weaving, color-filling, polishing and gilding.

3.中国的漆器制造工艺早在公元前200多年就传入日本，唐代漆器对日本的影响更大。目前中国的漆器主要是作为工艺品，装饰上繁琐俗艳，难以引起现代人的喜爱。要改变这种状况，必须向汉唐和日本的漆器学习，并进行创新，做出符合现代人审美观念的漆器来。

As early as in around 200 B.C., China's lacquerware-making craft was introduced into Japan, and the lacquerware of Tang Dynasty had a greater influence on Japan. Today, China's lacquerware is mainly used as handicrafts, and its decoration is fussy and gaudy, which can hardly be loved by modern people. In order to change the situation, lacquerware-making should learn from that of Han and Tang Dynasty and Japan. Innovation should be brought into the process and then the lacquerware in line with the modern aesthetic standard can be made.

As early as in around 200 B.C., China's lacquerware-making craft was introduced into Japan, and the lacquerware of Tang Dynasty has exerted a greater influence on Japan. Today, China's lacquerware is mainly used as handicrafts, and its decoration is fussy and gaudy, which can hardly gain popularity among modern people. In order to change the situation, it is a must to learn from Han and Tang Dynasty and Japan. Innovation should be brought into the process and then the lacquerware in line with the modern aesthetic standard can be made.--Chen Jingjing (talk) 12:09, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing

4.我国的木雕艺术源远流长，发现的最早的木雕艺术品是在河姆渡出土的木雕鱼和辽宁新乐出土的木雕鸟。当时没有金属工具，凭原始的动物骨、齿和硬质的石块来磨刻，制作的艰难程度可以想象。

The art of wood carving in China has a long history. The first discovered wood carving works were the carved wooden fish unearthed in Hemudu, Zhejiang Province, and the carved wooden bird unearthed in Xinle, Liaoning Province. People of that time had no metal tools but the primitive animal bones, teeth and hard stones to grind and carve the wood, and the difficulty in the process of making can be imagined.--Ouyang Ling

Peng Ruihong 彭锐宏

1.刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，在中国至少有二三千年历史。中国刺绣主要有苏绣、湘绣、蜀绣和粤绣四大门类。刺绣的用途主要包括生活和艺术装饰，如服装、床上用品、台布、舞台、艺术品装饰。 Embroidery is one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts, with a history of at least two to three thousand years in China. There are four main categories of Chinese embroidery: Suzhou embroidery, Hunan embroidery, Shu embroidery and Yue embroidery. The uses of embroidery mainly include life and art decoration, such as clothing, bedding, tablecloth, stage, and artwork decoration.

2.关于景泰蓝的起源，考古界没有统一的答案。一种观点认为景泰蓝诞生于唐代；另一种说法是元代忽必烈西征时，从西亚、阿拉伯一带传进中国，先在云南一带流行，后得到京城人士喜爱，才传入中原。但有一点是学术界公认：明代宣德年间是中国景泰蓝制作工艺优点，并达到了一个新的顶峰时期，“景泰蓝”一词也从此诞生。 Regarding the origin of cloisonne, there is no unified answer in the archaeological world. One view is that cloisonné was born in the Tang Dynasty; another view is that during the Yuan Dynasty Kublai Khan was introduced to China from West Asia and Arabia, it was first popular in Yunnan, and was loved by people in Beijing before being introduced to the Central Plains. But one thing is recognized by academia: during the Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty, it was the advantage of Chinese cloisonne production technology, and reached a new peak period, and the term "cloisonne" was born.

3.明代时期的工艺美术跨入新的阶段，官方设厂专制御用的各种漆器，并由著名的漆艺家管理。除了官设的漆器厂外，民间漆器生产也遍及大江南北。明代江南漆器名家辈出﹐明初有张德刚﹐包亮﹐明代中期有方信川，明末有江千里等，并出现集漆器工艺之大成的著作。 The arts and crafts of the Ming Dynasty entered a new stage, and the government set up factories to exclusively manufacture various lacquerware for the royal use, and were managed by famous lacquer artists. In addition to the official lacquerware factories, the production of folk lacquerware also spreads across the country. Famous Jiangnan lacquerware masters in the Ming Dynasty appeared in large numbers, such as Zhang Degang and Bao Liang in the early Ming Dynasty, Fang Xinchuan in the mid Ming Dynasty, and Jiang Qianli in the late Ming Dynasty, and there were works that collected lacquer craftsmanship.

4.在过去的一个世纪中逐渐变得重要，但是雕刻和制模仍是两种主要的雕塑技法。一个雕刻完成的作品可以被称为雕刻，但雕塑一词通常被用来指具有严肃艺术意涵或美学意涵的作品。 It has gradually become important in the past century, but sculpture and model making are still the two main sculpture techniques. A finished work can be called a sculpture, but the term sculpture is usually used to refer to a work with serious artistic or aesthetic connotations.--Peng Ruihong (talk) 03:24, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Phyo, Su Kyi

1-法鲁卡巴德市以刺绣而闻名，以最美丽的手工皇家刺绣而著称，这种刺绣主要在所有类型的织物上完成，而扎多兹则风靡全球. Farrukhabad city is famous for embroidery which Known for its most beautiful handwork royal embroidery, this embroidery is done mostly on all type of fabric and zardozi is a global rage.

2-在中国和日本景泰蓝中进行区分的最简单，最简单的方法是查看两个金属物体的边界和边缘。中国景泰蓝是光滑和明亮的绿松石内饰的成品。相反，日本景泰蓝在珐琅上具有橘皮纹理。 The simplest and the easiest to way to differentiate between in the Chinese and Japanese cloisonné is to look at the border and rim of the two metal objects. Chinese cloisonné are finished products of smooth and bright turquoise interior. On the contrary, Japanese cloisonné have an orange peel texture on the enamel.

The easiest way to differentiate between the Chinese and Japanese cloisonne is to compare the border and rim of the two metal objects: Chinese cloisonne are finished products with smooth and bright turquoise interior, while Japanese cloisonne have an orange peel texture on the enamel.--Qu Miao (talk) 06:30, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3-漆器是指使用漆在器皿或艺术品的表面上绘画。漆器是中国的特产。生漆是从漆树上切下的天然液体，由漆，漆酶，胶质和水组成。 Lacquer ware refers to using lacquer to paint on the surface of wares or artwork. Lacquer ware is a special product of China. Raw lacquer is natural liquid cut from lacquer tree, which consists of laccol, laccase, gumminess and water.

4-其中最重要的是石材，木材，金属，粘土，象牙和石膏。这些也可以称为传统雕塑材料。有许多辅助材料，其中许多只是最近才开始使用。 The most important these are stone, wood, metal, clay, ivory and gypsum. These are also can be called traditional sculpture materials. There are many secondary materials, many of which have only recently begun to be used.

Among them, the most important ones are stone, wood, metal, clay, ivory and gypsum and they can also be called as traditional sculpture materials. There are many supplementary materials, many of which only be came to use recently.--Luo Yuqing (talk) 13:28, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Pingki, Tanchangya

Qu Miao 瞿淼

1.作为中国四大名绣之一的湘绣，向来以历史悠久，工艺精湛，风格独特而闻名海内外。迄今为止发现的最早的湘绣制品，是长沙马王堆一号汉代（公元前206年—公园220年）墓葬出土的一件丝织品，它所使用的针法与现代湘绣所差无几，说明早在两千多年的汉代，湘绣工艺就已经产生了。

Xiang embroidery, one of the four most famous style of embroidery in China, is always well-known both at home and abroad for its long history, delicate workmanship and unique style. The earliest work of Xiang embroidery ever found is a silk fabric unearthed at No 1 Han Dynasty tomb in Mawangdui(206-220AD), Changsha, Hunan province. The stitches it used is almost the same as that the modern Xiang embroidery uses, which proves that Xiang embroidery appeared as early as Han Dynasty(more than 2000 years ago).--Qu Miao (talk) 03:37, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Xiang embroidery, one of the four most famous styles of embroidery in China, is always well-known at home and abroad for its long history, delicate workmanship and unique style. The earliest example of Xiang embroidery ever found is a silk fabric unearthed at No 1 Han Dynasty tomb in Mawangdui(206-220AD), Changsha, Hunan province. The stitches it used is almost the same as that the modern Xiang embroidery uses, which proves that Xiang embroidery appeared as early as Han Dynasty(more than 2000 years ago).--Zhou Yiwen (talk) 13:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2. 景泰蓝又称“铜胎掐丝珐琅”，是一种中国传统的手工艺精品。它以细扁铜丝作线条，在铜制的胎地上捏出各种图案花纹，再将五彩珐琅点填在花纹内，经烧制、磨平、镀金而成。

Cloisonne, also called copper padding thread weaving enamel, is an exquisite Chinese traditional handcraft. It is made firstly by soldering filigree into various patterns on a copper body, then filling colorful enamel in the patterns, and lastly enamel firing, polishing and gilding.--Qu Miao (talk) 03:37, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3. 扬州漆器是中国汉族传统工艺品中之一，起源于战国，兴旺于汉唐，鼎盛于明清，其工艺齐全、技艺精湛、风格独特、驰名中外，早在秦汉时期，扬州彩绘和镶嵌漆器制作工艺就有很高的水平。

Yangzhou lacquerware is one of Chinese traditional handcraft of Han Nationality. It originated in the Warring States period, thriving in Han and Tang Dynasties, and reaching its peak in Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is famous at home and abroad for its complete crafts, exquisite techniques and unique style. Color drawing and inlay crafts of Yangzhou laquerware had reached a high level early in Qin and Han dynasties.--Qu Miao (talk) 03:37, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4. 东阳木雕历史上有名，居中国四大木雕之首。东阳木雕艺术性强，它以浮雕技艺为主，设计上采取散点透视、鸟瞰式透视等构图，布局丰满，散而不松，多而不乱，层次分明，主题突出，故事情节性强，因而深受收藏家喜爱。

Dongyang woodcarving topped the four most famous woodcarving in China. Boasting strong artistic quality, in crafts it mainly takes relief carving and in design it mostly takes cavalier perspective and bird-eye perspective. With layout being substantial and well-bedded, scattered but not imcompact, ample but not messy, it always highlights the theme and demonstrate melodramamtic story; therefore, it is popular with collectors.--Qu Miao (talk) 06:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Rajabov, Anushervon

在众多湖湘符号中，有一种精美工艺，“绣花能生香，绣鸟能听声”，它就是湘绣。

Among the many symbols of Hunan province, an exquisite craftsmanship seemingly can make fragrant flowers, or chirping birds ", which is Hunan embroidery.

景泰蓝，又名“铜胎掐丝珐琅”，是一种复合性的传统工艺品

Cloisonné, which is also called copper padding thread weaving enamel, is a compound of traditional Chinese handicrafts.

表面涂有漆的各种美术品、工艺品被称为“漆器”，漆器是我国古代在化学工艺及工艺美术方面的重要发明。

Fine arts or crafts with lacquer on the surface are called "lacquerware", an important invention of chemical crafts and industrial arts in ancient China.

明清时期的家具雕刻艺术是中华民族雕刻艺术的辉煌创造，是明清家具不可分割的重要组成部分，是中华民族文化的宝贵遗产。

The art of furniture carving in the Ming and Qing dynasties (1638-1840 A.D.) was a brilliant creation of the Chinese sculpture art, an inseparable and important part of the furniture in that period and a valuable heritage of the Chinese culture.--RAJABOV ANUSHERVON 10 (talk) 14:37, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Seydou, Sagara

我觉得中国刺绣很精美。

I think Chinese embroidery is very beautiful.--Sagara Seydou 3 (talk) 02:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC) --Sagara Seydou 3 (talk) 02:08, 10 October 2020 (UTC)--Sagara Seydou 3 (talk) 02:14, 10 October 2020 (UTC)--Sagara Seydou 3 (talk) 02:16, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

I think that Chinese embroidery is exquisite.--Luo Yuqing (talk) 13:30, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

We are driven by the desire to ‘’ help our customers meet their perfect item’’. The wood carving looked a large bear.

这件衣服饰有精美的刺绣.

The dress was decorated with delicate embroidery.

绣花作坊很有名，并有许可证.

The embroidery workshop is famous and permits.

我们渴望“帮助客户满足他们的完美需求”.

We are driven by the desire to ‘’ help our customers meet their perfect item’’.

木雕看上去像只大熊.

The wood carving looked a large bear.

The wood carving looked like a large bear.--Yang Ziling (talk) 12:39, 13 October 2020 (UTC)

这所学校的每个分支机构都制作了许多景泰蓝珐琅的出色例子. Many excellent examples of cloisonne enamel have been produced by each branch of this school.--Sagara Seydou 3 (talk) 15:50, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Shi Haiyao 石海瑶

1.中国剪纸具有广泛的群众基础，交融于各族人民的社会生活，是各种民俗活动的重要组成部分。

Chinese paper cutting has a widespread mass base and is integrated into the social life of people from all ethnic groups. It also plays an essential part in miscellaneous folk activities.--Shi Haiyao (talk) 02:48, 11 October 2020 (UTC) Chinese paper cutting has a broad mass base, blending into the social life of people of all nationalities, and is an important part of various folk activities.--Hu Baihui (talk) 02:18, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

2.苏绣具有图案秀丽、构思巧妙、绣工细致、针法活泼、色彩清雅的独特风格，地方特色浓郁。

Su Embroidery has a unique style of gorgeous pattern, ingenious design, exquisite craft, lively stitching and elegant colors, with strong local characteristics.--Shi Haiyao (talk) 02:48, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Su Embroidery has a unique style of gorgeous patterns, ingenious design, exquisite craft, lively stitching and elegant colors, with strong local characteristics.--Yang Ziling (talk) 12:37, 13 October 2020 (UTC)

3.北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称，给人以圆润坚实、细腻工整、金碧辉煌的艺术感受，成为驰名世界的传统手工艺品。

Beijing cloisonne, renowned for its elegant and vigorous shape, complicated patterns and solemn colors, which gives people the artistic feeling of mellow and solid, exquisite and neat, resplendent and magnificent. It has become a world-famous traditional handicraft.--Shi Haiyao (talk) 02:48, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4.中国玉雕是具有民族特色的艺术产品，是世界雕塑苑中的一朵耀眼的奇葩。其中蕴含着中华民族的智慧、宗教观念、美学思想等丰富的内容。

Chinese jade carving is an artistic product with national characteristics as well as a dazzling flower in the world sculpture garden，which bostes abudent contents, including the wisdom of the Chinese nation, religious beliefs and aesthetic thoughts.--Shi Haiyao (talk) 02:48, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Chinese jade carving is an artistic product with national characteristics as well as a dazzling flower in the world sculpture garden，which boasts abundant contents, including wisdom of the Chinese nation, religious beliefs and aesthetic thoughts. --Yang Ziling (talk) 12:38, 13 October 2020 (UTC)

Si Yu 司妤

1.宋代刺绣之发达，由于当时朝廷奖励提倡之故。为使作品达到书画之传神意境，绣前需先有计划，绣时需度其形势，乃趋于精巧。构图必须简单化，纹样的取舍留白非常重要，与唐代无论有无图案之满地施绣截然不同。

Owning to incentives and advocacy of the official government, The Song Dynasty saw thriving embroidery. In order to attain the spirit of calligraphy and paintings, one has to make a plan before working on it and exquisiteness can be achieved if one pays attention to all details. Totally different from embroidery of the Tang Dynasty , that of the Song Dynasty requires simplified patterns and strengthens the importance of leaving space when choosing patterns.--Si Yu (talk) 02:30, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

2.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称，给人以圆润坚实、细腻工整、金碧辉煌的艺术感受，成为驰名世界的传统手工艺品。

Beijing is not only the birthplace of Chinese cloisonne, but also is home to it. It is renowned for its elegant shapes, exquisite patterns and superb colors, allowing people to appreciate the roundness, delicacy and glamour of artistic work. Consequently, it is a traditional art that enjoys world fame. --Si Yu (talk) 02:30, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为"漆器"。中国古代所用漆，是漆树分泌的一种汁液，经日晒脱水后，即成为可作涂料的熟漆。 Usually, lacquerware refers to daily tools, crafts and artistic work being painted by lacquer. In the ancient times, lacquer came from sap of lacquer trees. It became ripe lacquer after sloarization and dehydrating.--Si Yu (talk) 02:30, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

4.在最常见的雕刻方法中，一只手拿着凿子，另一只手拿木槌，然后用木槌将凿子敲入木头或石头中。尽管一些金属加工技术例如焊接和装配，在过去的一个世纪中逐渐变得重要，但是雕刻和制模仍是两种主要的雕塑技法。

Among all carving methods, the commonest way is to use mallet to chip chisel into woods or stones with mallet in one hand and chisel in the other hand. Though some metal processing technologis such as welding and assembling has became more important over the past century, carving and modelling are still two major engraving techniques. --Si Yu (talk) 02:30, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Among all carving methods, the commonest way is to use mallet to chip chisel into woods or stones with mallet in one hand and chisel in the other hand. Though some metal processing technologies such as welding and assembling have become more important over the past century, carving and modelling are still two major engraving techniques.--Chen Han (talk) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Tan Yuanyuan 谭媛媛

1.瓯绣是中国出口名绣之一，不仅被国家珍藏，还被作为国礼赠送，有“发绣外交”之说。

Ou Embroidery is one of China's famous embroidery exports.It is not only treasured by the country,but also presented as a national gift.There is a saying of " embroidery diplomacy".--Tan Yuanyuan (talk) 15:29, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

2.作为一种宫廷艺术，景泰蓝是明清宫中高贵的装饰艺术品，是皇室权力与地位的象征。

As a palace art,cloisonne is a noble decorative artwork in Ming and Qing palaces,and a symbol of royal power and status.--Tan Yuanyuan (talk) 15:29, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

As a court art, cloisonné is a noble decorative art in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, as well as a symbol of royal power and status. --Li Liqin (talk) 05:59, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.在湖北曾侯乙墓出土的漆器有220多件。这些漆器是楚墓中年代最早也是最为精彩的，而且品类全，器型大，风格古朴，这些精美的漆器体现了楚文化的神韵。

There are more than 220 lacquer wares unearthed from the tomb of Zenghouyi(the lord of Zeng state in the Western Zhou Dynasty) in Hubei. These lacquer wares are among the earliest and most exciting things in the Chu tombs, and they have a wide range of types, simple styles and large in size.These exquisite lacquer wares reflect the charm of Chu culture.--Tan Yuanyuan (talk) 15:29, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

There are more than 220 lacquer wares unearthed from the tomb of Zenghouyi(the lord of Zeng state in the Western Zhou Dynasty) in Hubei. These lacquer wares are among the most time-honoured and most exciting things in the Chu tombs, and they have a wide range of types, simple styles and they are large in size.These exquisite lacquer wares reflect the charm of Chu culture.--Lou Cancan (talk) 03:00, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.木雕是以各种木材及树根为材料进行雕刻，是以传统雕刻工艺中的重要门类。木雕的历史非常悠久，在浙江余姚河姆渡文化遗址就有木雕鱼出土，这是我国木雕史上最早的实物。

Wood carving is based on a variety of materials such as wood and tree roots.It is an important category in traditional carving crafts. The wood in the shape of a carved fish has a very long history. Wood carving fish were unearthed at the Hemudu Cultural Site in Yuyao,Zhejiang province. This is the earliest physical object in the history of wood carving in my country.--Tan Yuanyuan (talk) 15:29, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Wood carving is an important category in traditional carving craftsis based on a variety of materials such as wood and tree roots.It has a very long history. The shape of fish of wood carving were unearthed at the Hemudu Cultural Site in Yuyao,Zhejiang province. This is the earliest physical object in the history of wood carving in China.--Yang Hairong (talk) 02:55, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Tang Bei 汤蓓

1.苏绣色彩清新高雅，织工精巧细腻，以晕染和色与色之间留空线为其特色。其图案主题丰富多样，有庆祝丰收，丰衣足食，龙凤呈祥，健康长寿，美好邂逅，人丁兴旺等主题。

The characteristics of Su embroidery include elegant colors, fine needling, the application of halo dyeing, and the vacant lines left between colors. Its pattern themes vary from "the celebration of harvest", "wealthy family", "dragon and phoenix symbolic of the propitious" to "well-being through hundreds of years", "happy encounter", and "abundance in family".--Tang Bei (talk) 07:38, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝有500多年的历史，是一种以雕塑，绘画，瓷器制作和铜作独特结合的艺术，起源于元朝北京。现存最古老的一块景泰蓝制于元朝，但是景泰蓝在明朝发生了重大变化，约1450年至1456年，人们发现了一种新的蓝色颜料，由于中文“蓝”代表了蓝色，所以人们命名其为景泰蓝。景泰蓝的制作是一个相当复杂的过程，其所有的成品造型优雅，色彩耀眼，设计优美。其大部分成品用于出口，且驰名于国内外。

Cloisonne(Jingtailan) has a history of over 500 years. Its art is a unique combination of sculpture, painting, porcelain making and copper-smithing that is said to have originated in Beijing during the Yuan Dynasty(1271-1368). The oldest extant piece was made during the Yuan Dynasty, but Cloisonne underwent a major change during the Ming Dynasty when a new blue pigment was discovered at about 1450 to 1456, and gave Jintailan its current name based on the Chinese word "lan" for blue. The making of Cloisonne requires rather elaborate and complicated processes; all the products are elegant in molding, dazzling in color and graceful in design. It enjoys a high reputation both at home and abroad with most of its products for export.--Tang Bei (talk) 07:38, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.在唐朝(618-907年)，中国漆器出现了一种新的风格，其特点是使用各种形状的金或银片，如鸟、动物和花卉。把镂空的图案贴在漆器的表面，然后涂上一层新的漆，晒干，然后磨掉，这样表面就可以被抛光，露出下面金色或银色的图案。这是通过一种叫做平拓的技术完成的。这样的技术是费时的，但这些漆器是高度精致。这也是最早的漆器雕刻开始的时期。

In the Tang dynasty (618–907), Chinese lacquerware saw a new style marked by the use of sheets of gold or silver made in various shapes, such as birds, animals, and flowers. The cut-outs were affixed onto the surface of the lacquerware, after which new layers of lacquer were applied, dried, and then ground away, so the surface could be polished to reveal the golden or silvery patterns beneath.This was done by a technique known as pingtuo.Such techniques were time-consuming and costly, but these lacquerware were considered highly refined. It was also the period when the earliest practice of carving lacquerware began.--Tang Bei (talk) 07:38, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

4.出于许多原因，石头自古以来就被用来雕刻。大多数种类的石头都比金属矿石容易找到，因为金属矿石则需要开采和冶炼。石头可以从表面挖出，用手工工具雕刻。石头比木头更耐久，所以石头上雕刻的东西比木制工艺品耐久得多。此外，石头有很多品种，艺术家在颜色、质量和相对硬度上有较为丰富的选择。

Stone has been used for carving since ancient times for many reasons. Most types of stone are easier to find than metal ores, which have to be mined and smelted. Stone can be dug from the surface and carved with hand tools. Stone is more durable than wood, and carvings in stone last much longer than wooden artifacts. Stone comes in many varieties and artists have abundant choices in color, quality and relative hardness.--Tang Bei (talk) 07:38, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

1. The color of Suzhou Embroidery is simple and elegant and the skill is delicate, with the characteristics of dyes and the blank between colors. The patterns are diverse, with the themes such as the celebration of harvest, enough food and clothes, Dragon and Phoenix , health and longevity, good fortunes and growing population.

2. Cloisonne, with a history of over 500 years, is an art that combines scripture, painting, china making and copper making, originating from Beijing, Yuan Dynasty. The oldest preserved Cloisonne was made in Yuan Dynasty, but it had experienced great changes in Ming Dynasty. From about 1450 to 1456, people found a new blue color. Because of “Blue” in Chinese represented blue color, people called it Cloisonne. The making process is relatively complicated, for its style is elegant, its color is dazzling and its design delicate. Most of the Cloisonne is for export, famous home and abroad.

3. The development and circulation of paper-cutting has close relationship with Chinese festival in countryside. For marriage and festivals, people often attach paper-cuttings to the wall, window and door, the color of which is often red, representing health and prosperity. --Yang chenting (talk) 01:31, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Yang Chenting

Tang Yiran 汤伊然

1.湘绣强调写实，质朴而优美，形象生动，结构上虚实结合，巧妙地将中国传统的绘画、刺绣、诗词、书法、金石各种艺术融为一体。

Xiang embroidery focuses on authenticity and boasts vivid and exquisite designs. With the combination of the real and the virtual, it integrates many other Chinese traditional arts including painting, embroidery, poetry, calligraphy and epigraphy.--Tang Yiran1 (talk) 04:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

The Xiang embroidery focuses on authenticity and boasts simple, exquisite and vivid designs. With the combination of the real and the virtual, it integrates many other Chinese traditional arts ingeniously including painting, embroidery, poetry, calligraphy and epigraphy.--Lou Cancan (talk) 12:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

2.清代的景泰蓝工艺比明代有提高，胎薄，掐丝细，彩釉也比明代要鲜艳，并且无砂眼，花纹图案繁复多样。

The technology of cloisonné further developed in the Qing Dynasty over that of the Ming Dynasty, with thinner body, finer wire inlay and brighter glaze. Besides, Qing’s cloisonné was free from sand hole and had intricate and varied patterns.--Tang Yiran1 (talk) 04:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

The technology of cloisonné further developed in the Qing Dynasty over that in the Ming Dynasty, with thinner body, finer wire inlay and brighter glaze. Besides, Qing’s cloisonné was free from sand holes and had intricate and various patterns.--Lou Cancan (talk) 12:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆器在收藏时应注意避免阳光曝晒、烟熏。收藏室的湿度和温度不宜急剧变化，避免忽干忽湿，最好把漆器放在温度和湿度比较恒定的房中。

Sun and smoke should be avoided for storing lacquerware and the temperature and humidity of the collection room better need to be sustained.--Tang Yiran1 (talk) 04:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Be careful not to expose the lacquerwares to strong sunshine and smoke when storing them. The humility and temperature in collection room should be steady. To avoid the abrupt change in external environment, it would be better to the lacquerwares in room with sustained temperature and humidity. --Lou Cancan (talk) 12:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

4.宗教雕塑主要保存于寺庙和石窟寺之内，由于寺庙毁损严重，石窟寺雕塑便成为宗教雕塑遗存的主要代表。

Religious sculptures were preserved in temples and grottoes. Due to severe damage of the former, the remains of these sculptures were mainly housed by the latter.--Tang Yiran1 (talk) 04:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Religious sculptures were mainly preserved in temples and grottoes. Due to severe damage to the former, the remains of these sculptures were primarily housed by the latter.--Lou Cancan (talk) 12:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Religious sculptures were mainly preserved in temples and grottoes. Due to the severe damage to the temples, the cave temple sculptures became the main representative of the remains of religious sculptures.--WuQiong (talk) 14:53, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Wang Meiling 王美玲

1.苏绣为苏州刺绣之简称，它以产生之地命名，历史上曾广泛存在于苏州城乡。近十年来苏绣行业逐渐萎缩，现主要集中于苏州市区和高新区东渚镇、镇湖街道一带。苏绣技艺的起源不详。现存的宋代以来苏绣实物显示了不同历史时期苏绣技艺的发展状况和实际水平，如元代苏绣残片表明，当时已有一件作品运用9种刺绣针法；明代绣品多采用文人画稿，开始形成精细雅洁的独特风格；清代苏绣成为行业，商品绣极为发达，苏州因此有“绣市”之称。 Suzhou embroidery is the abbreviation of Suzhou embroidery,which is named after the place where it came into being.In history, itt once existed widely and spreadly in Suzhou urban and rural areas . In recent ten years, Suzhou embroidery industry has gradually shrunk off, now being mainly distributed in urban areas, Dongzhu county and Zhenhu street of Gaoxin District in Suzhou. The origin of Suzhou embroidery remains unknown to public. The existing Suzhou embroidery in kind since the Song Dynasty showcase the development status and practical level of Suzhou embroidery skills in different historical periods. For example, in the Yuan Dynasty,the fragments of Suzhou embroidery indicates that there was a work made by nine kinds of embroidery needle techniques; in the Ming Dynasty, most embroidery adopoted literati drawings, and began to form a unique style of refinement and delicacy; for the Qing Dynasty,Suzhou embroidery came to be an industry ,whose commodity embroidery was extraordinarily developed. Due to these,Suzhou was well-known as "Embroidery Market".--Wang Meiling (talk) 02:34, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝并非我国本土工艺，而是在元代从阿拉伯传入我国的特殊工艺。经过明朝和清朝两代的发展，这项有着异域风情的工艺有了非凡的成就。景泰蓝的华美在于它几乎集合了当时几大工艺品的艺术优势，在匠师们的潜心研制之下形成了属于自己的风格。将金属制品和珐琅工艺的结合本身就是一项艺术的挑战，而它借鉴了瓷器和青铜器的制作技艺，又融合和绘画和雕刻工艺，几乎集合了当时金银镶嵌工艺的最精华部分，可以说是封建手工艺的集大成者，也是宫廷内饰最精美的存在。 Cloisonne is not a native craft in China, but a special one introduced from Arabia during Yuan Dynasty. After its development of Ming and Qing Dynasties, this exotic craft has made remarkable achievements. The gorgeous beauty of Cloisonne lies in that it almost gathered the artistic edges of several major crafts at that time, and formed its own style under the painstaking efforts made by craftsmen. The combination of metal products and enamel technology is an artistic challenge in itself, which not only draws on the production techniques of porcelain and bronzes, but integrates painting and carving techniques.Due to this,gathering the most essential part of the gold and silver mosaic process at that time,it can be much well of the master of feudal handicraft and of the most exquisite existence of court interior decorations.--Wang Meiling (talk) 02:34, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.中国现代考古发掘实物证明，中国是世界上最早发现并使用天然漆的国家。七千年前的浙江余姚河姆渡原始文化遗址中已经出土了木胎涂漆（自然生漆）碗。夏、商、西周三代已逐渐从单纯使用天然漆到使用色料调漆。人们不断熟悉、了解漆的性能，改造、利用漆所特有的经久耐牢、不退色、不怕潮湿、鲜亮美观等性能，为美化自己的生活服务。 Modern archaeological excavations in China have proved that China is the first country worldwide to discover and utilize natural lacquer. Seven thousand years ago, wooden painted (natural lacquer) bowls have been unearthed from the Hemudu primitive cultural site in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province. During the period of Xia, Shang and Western Zhou dynasties,the single use of natural lacquer was gradually changed to the use of pigment.To make their lives better,people are constantly familiar with and understand the properties of the paint, transform and utilize the unique ones, such as durability, not being afraid of color fading and moisture, brightness and good look.--Wang Meiling (talk) 02:34, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

4.温州乐清的黄杨木雕始于宋元，流行于明清，受清末文人画的影响，刀法纯朴圆润，细腻流畅，人物刻划形神兼备，众多人物的长卷式作品结构虚实相生，市井万象、仕女美人，各有韵味，是中国四大主要木雕流派中最深入细腻，也是东方古典主义的象征之一。The boxwood carving in Yueqing, Wenzhou, began in the song and Yuan Dynasties and bacame popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Due to the influences of the literati paintings at late Qing Dynasty, its techniques of knives are of simplicity, roundness, delicacy and smoothness. The characters are characterized by unity of shape and spirit, most of whose structures of the long scroll works showcase both virtuality and reality. For example, phenonmenons in evey nook and cranny of the city, ladies and beauties have their own special charm.The boxwood carving is the most profound and exquisite among the four major wood carving schools in China, and is also one of the symbols of oriental classicism.--Wang Meiling (talk) 02:30, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Wang Xuan 王轩

1.中国古代的刺绣，很长一段时间内在国际艺术品市场上不走俏，价格平平。直到1993年起在香港、新加坡等地，才开始有人专门收集。据市场分析家推论，要使刺绣品成为国际市场上的新宠儿，还需收藏家们10年时间的努力。近两年国内一些艺术品拍卖会上，刺绣拍品，价格竞现高攀，非常吸引买家竞争。刺绣在国外也享有很高的声誉。在外国人眼里，刺绣是中国文化艺术的代表之一。

The ancient Chinese embroidery did not come into international artwork market's favour until some people in Hong Kong and Singapore started to collect it in 1993. According to the presumption of the analysts, it takes at least 10 years' hard work for collectors to make embroidery popular. In recent years' domestic artwork auction, high prices of embroidery have drawn competition from different buyers. Besides, it also enjoys a prestigious reputation overseas as it represents the Chinese culture and art.--Wang Xuan (talk) 03:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan

2. 中国有句很有哲理的老话，“他山之石，可以攻玉”，即使这种以金属为胎填敷珐琅釉料烧制而成的作品是舶来品，但在中华民族博大精深的艺术土壤上，也很快就融会了中华民族的传统风格，成为中国工艺美术史上一颗璀璨的明珠。

As an ancient Chinese saying goes:“There are hills whose stones are good for working jade(Advice from others may help one overcome his shortcomings)”, this work, though imported, which made of mental and filled with enamel glaze, soon became a bright pearl in the history of Chinese arts and crafts by absorbing the ancient Chinese traditions on the vast artistic land.--Wang Xuan (talk) 03:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan

3. 刻葫芦是甘肃兰州的传统工艺品，在清代开始流传于民间。这些葫芦是经过精心栽培的，大的如鸡蛋，小的如算盘珠子，皮质细腻光滑，当它成熟采摘后，经过刮皮、晒干、磨光等加工处理后，它显得非常光亮圆润。然后艺人们就在葫芦上进行设计，施展各种针法、刀法等技巧，刻画出山水、人物、花草、鸟兽等。有的葫芦，开口雕花，有的配以盖、底座，还有的吊空悬挂等。它作为兰州地区比较有特色的旅游工艺品，很受人们的欢迎。

Gourd carving is a traditional handicraft in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, which began to spread among the people in the Qing Dynasty. These gourds are carefully cultivated, big as eggs, small as abacus beads with delicate and smooth skins. When ripe and picked, after scraping, drying, polishing and other processing, they look very bright and round. Then artists design the gourd, using various skills such as needling and knife techniques to depict landscapes, figures, flowers and plants, birds and animals. Some gourds are carved with openings, some are equipped with covers and bases, and some are suspended in the air. It is very popular as a unique tourist handicraft in Lanzhou, .--Wang Xuan (talk) 03:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan

4. 中国古代漆器的工艺，早在新石器时代就已经出现，夏代的木胎漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀，并常用朱、黑二色来髹涂。

The craft of ancient Chinese lacquerware has appeared as early as the Neolithic age. The wood bodied lacquerware of Xia Dynasty is not only used for daily life, but also for sacrifice, and it is often painted in two colors of red and black.--Wang Xuan (talk) 03:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan

Wu Qiong 吴琼

1.刺绣在渭南世代相传，遍及全市。

Embroidery has been passed down from generation to generation in Weinan and spread throughout the city.--WuQiong (talk) 14:48, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

1.Embroidery has been passed on from generation to generation in Weinan, pervading the whole city.--Xiao Shuangling (talk) 02:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling

1.Embroidery has been passed on from generation to generation in Weinan(a city in Shaanxi Province), pervading the whole city.--Lou Cancan (talk) 03:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.因其在明朝景泰年间盛行，制作技艺比较成熟，使用的珐琅釉多以蓝色为主，故而得名“景泰蓝”。 As it was popular in the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty, the production skills were relatively mature, and the enamel glaze mainly was blue, hence owned the name "cloisonne".--WuQiong (talk) 14:48, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

2.The name "Cloisonne" is derived from the fact that it was popular during the Jingtai Period of the Ming Dynasty, its production techniques were relatively mature and the enamell glaze was mostly blue.--Xiao Shuangling (talk) 02:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling

3.用漆器作涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆，光彩照人。 Using the lacquerer with special functions such as moisture resistance, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance as a coating, it can also be used to formulate different color paints with brilliance.--WuQiong (talk) 14:48, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

3.Using lacquerware as paint, it has special functions of moisture resistance, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. It can also be used to prepare different colors of paints with brilliant luster.--Xiao Shuangling (talk) 02:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling

3. lacquer, as a kind of paint, has special functions of resistence to moisture, high temperature and corrosion. It can also be used to prepare different colors of paints with brilliant luster.--Lou Cancan (talk) 03:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.刀法就是雕刻家用来体现自己创作构思的技术手法，也是形象地揭示艺术内容的手段。 The way the sculptors carve embodies their technique skills with creative ideas, and it is also a way to vividly reveal the artistic content.--WuQiong (talk) 14:48, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

4.Knife technique is a technique used by sculptors to embody their creative ideas, as well as a means to reveal artistic content vividly.--Xiao Shuangling (talk) 02:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling

The technique of using a knife is an approach for sculptors to reflecting their skills of creating ideas and a way of vividly revealing the content of art. --Zhao Xi (talk) 13:29, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

The technique of using knife is a technique for sculptors to embody their own creative conception, as well as an approch to vividly revealing the content of art.--Luo Yuqing (talk) 13:38, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Wu Yilu 吴一露

1.粤秀在唐朝得到了充分发展。粤秀具有丰富而复杂的设计，鲜艳的色彩和强烈的装饰效果。粤秀具有光滑，均匀的特点。虽然众多设计中，在越秀中最常见的是鸟崇拜太阳，飞龙和凤凰。

The Yue (another name for Guangdong Province) Embroidery has got a full development in Tang Dynasty. It is rich and complicated in design with bright colors and strong decorative function. The characteristic of the Yue Embroidery is smooth and even. There is a wide range of designs, however, among them, birds’ worship toward sun, dragons and phoenixes are the commonest ones in the Yue Embroidery.--Wu Yilu (talk) 11:44, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称，成为驰名世界的传统手工艺品。

Beijing is the cradle, as well as the important place of production, of Chinese cloisonne. Beijing cloisonne is known for its elegant and grand design, complex pattern and fresh and grave color, which makes it become a world-famous traditional handicraft.--Wu Yilu (talk) 11:44, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.据记载，庄子年轻时曾经做过管理漆业的小官。漆器生产工序复杂，耗工耗时，漆器品种又特别繁多，不仅用于装饰家具、器皿、文具和艺术品，而且还应用于乐器、丧葬用具、兵器等。

According to historical records, the ancient Chinese sage, Zhuang Zi used to be an officer in charge of the production of lacquerware.This process was very complicated, labor- and time-consuming. There are various kinds of lacquerware, which was widely used to decorate furniture, utensils, stationery and artwork, but also used in Musical Instruments, funeral utensils, weapons and so on.--Wu Yilu (talk) 11:44, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.雕刻是指各种可塑材料或可雕、可刻的硬质材料，创造出具有可视、可触的艺术形象，借以反映社会生活、表达艺术家的审美感受、审美情感、审美理想的艺术。

Carving refers to turn any plastic hard materials or those which could be carved into visible and touchable artistic images, which reflects social life and conveys the artist's aesthetic feeling, aesthetic emotion and aesthetic ideal.--Wu Yilu (talk) 11:44, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Wu Zijia 吴子佳

1.湘绣的绣线要经过荚仁液蒸发处理后再裹竹纸拭擦，使丝绒光洁平整不易起毛，便于刺绣操作。

1.The thread used in Xiang embroidery should be steamed by liqiud made by pod kernel first to make its surface smooth ,and in doing so, the thread will be uneasy to become rough,which is helpful for craftmen to do the embroidery.

2.景泰蓝完全由手工制成，制作过程十分精细，需要经过制胎、掐丝、烧焊、点蓝、烧蓝、磨光、镀金等十余道工序。

2.Cloisonne is compeletly handmade ,with more than ten exquisite procedures including base-hammering,copper-strip inlay,soldering,enamel-filling,enamel-firing,electroplating and gilding.

3.夏代的木胎漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀，并常用朱、黑二色来髹涂。

3.The wood lacquerware is not only for daily use but also for worship.It is usually applied by black and vermilion lacquer.

4.平时佩戴玉的时候需要好好保养,不要碰到强碱性的物质,容易被腐蚀。

4.when wearing a jade ornament ,one should be careful to avoid some substance with strong alkline as it may cause corrosion. --Wu Zijia (talk) 13:59, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Wu Zijia

When worn, jade ornament needs protecting from strongly alkine substance to avoid being corroded.--XieFan (talk) 06:45, 23 November 2020 (UTC)

Xiao Shuangling 肖双玲

1.刺绣作为一个地域广泛的手工艺品，各个国家、各个民族通过长期的积累和发展，都有其自身的特长和优势。

1.Embroidery, as a wide range of regional handicrafts, has its own specialties and advantages through long-term accumulation and development of various countries and nationalities.--Xiao Shuangling (talk) 02:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling

As a handicraft not confined to a certain area, embroidery enjoys unique local features after a long development history in different countries. --Li Liqin (talk) 06:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝见于实物，以明宣德年间（1426年～1435年）为最多。这个时期，工艺的风格特点已经形成，接近成熟时期。

2.Cloisonne can be seen real objects, most of which were be found in Xuande Period of Ming Dynasty(1426～1435). During this period, the style and charactereistics of the craft have been formed, approaching the mature stage.--Xiao Shuangling (talk) 02:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling

2. Cloisonne can be seen in objects, most of which have been made in Xuande Period of Ming Dynasty(1426-1435). During this period, the style and characteristics of the craft have been formed, approaching the mature stage.--Luo Weijia (talk) 02:37, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.中国古代漆器的工艺，早在新石器时代就已经出现，夏代的木胎漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀。

3.The craft of ancient Chinese lacquerware appeared as early as the Neolithic age. The wooden lacquerware of Xia Dynasty was used not only in daily life, but also used for sacrifice.--Xiao Shuangling (talk) 02:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling

4.牙雕、玉雕等工艺由于材料昂贵，做工又十分的精细，所以逐渐从实用品转变为欣赏品，因此被人们称为“特种工艺”。

4.Because of the expensive materials and exquisite workmanship, ivory carving and jade carving have gradually changed from practical products to appreciation products, so they are called "special crafts".--Xiao Shuangling (talk) 02:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling

Owing to the expensive materials and exquite crafts, ivory carving and jade carving have gradually transformed from utility to artistry, hence they are known as “special crafts”.--Shi Haiyao (talk) 02:58, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Xiao Ting 肖婷

1.至清末民初（20世纪初期），湘绣的发展达到鼎盛时期，甚至超越了苏绣，在中国刺绣业中独占鳌头。新中国成立后，湘绣工作者在继承传统的基础上致力创新，使湘绣工艺提高到一个崭新的水平。 By the late Qing Dynasty (early 20th century), Hunan embroidery reached its heyday and even surpassed Su embroidery, becoming the leading embroidery art form in China.After the founding of the People's Republic of China, on the basis of tradition Hunan embroidery workers was dedicated to innovation and raised the embroidery craft to a brand new level.

By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the 20th century, the development of Hunan embroidery reached its peak, even surpassed Suzhou embroidery, which was the first one in China's embroidery industry.After the founding of New China, Hunan Embroidery Workers committed to innovation on the basis of inheriting the tradition, so that Hunan Embroidery process to a new level.--YangHui (talk) 08:51, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝，亦称“铜胎掐丝珐琅”，它是一种特种工艺品，是用细扁铜丝做线条，在铜制的胎上捏出各种图案花纹，再将五彩珐琅点填在花纹内，经烧制、磨平镀金而成。外观晶莹润泽，鲜艳夺目。 Blue of Jingtai,also known as Cloisonne,is a special technology. Dedicate copper strips being bent into various patterns and designs on the copper-hammered base , and then colorful enamel points filling in the pattern,it was made through firing,polishing and gliding,whose appearance is crystal,glossy and resplendent.

3.中国古代漆器的工艺，早在新石器时代就已经出现，夏代的木胎漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀，并常用朱、黑二色来髹涂。 As early as the Neolithic period, there was the craft of lacquerware of ancient China. The wooden lacquerware of the Xia dynasty was not only used in daily life, but also in rituals, commonly painted in vermilion and black.

4.历史悠久、技艺精湛的各种雕塑工艺，如牙雕、玉雕、木雕、石雕、泥雕、面塑、竹刻、骨刻、刻砚等，是中国工艺美术中一项珍贵的艺术遗产。牙雕、玉雕等工艺由于材料昂贵，做工又十分的精细，所以逐渐从实用品转变为欣赏品，因此被人们称为“特种工艺” The various sculpture techniques with long histories and exqusite skills, such as tooth carving, jade carving, wood carving, stone carving, clay carving, face sculpture, bamboo carving, bone carving, carved ink stone, etc. is a precious artistic heritage of Chinese arts and crafts.Ivory carving, jade carving and other crafts are gradually becoming artistic objects rather than utilities due to expensive raw materials and exquisite workmanship.--Xiao Ting (talk) 08:36, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Ting

Xie Fan 解帆

1.刺绣工艺最基本的功能是对服饰的装饰，这种装饰并非只是起到简单的美化作用，同时发挥着诸多重要的功能，如标识身份，显示社会地位。

The fundamental function of embroidery is to decorate clothes, which does not merely stand for embellishment, but also plays other significant roles in identifying ones identity and displaying ones social status.--XieFan (talk) 14:23, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.刚从火中取出的景泰蓝颜色基本呈黑色，待其冷却后才显现出五彩缤纷的样貌。这项工艺始于明代景泰，而且初创时只有蓝色，所以叫景泰蓝。

When taken out of fire, cloisonne is almost black while reveals its colorful appearance when cooled down.This craft is named after its birthplace-Jingtai in the Ming Dynasty,and its only colour at fist-blue.--XieFan (talk) 14:23, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆器在收藏时应注意避免阳光曝晒、烟熏，收藏室的湿度和温度不宜急剧变化，避免忽干忽湿，最好把漆器放在温度和湿度比较恒定的房中。

When collecting lacquer, attention should be paid to avoid sun exposure and smoke. The humidity and temperature in the storeroom should not be changed dramatically, and it is better to put it in a room in which the temperature and humidity are relatively constant.--XieFan (talk) 14:23, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.在木雕艺术创作中，最有意义的探索是运用各种刀法。刀法好比书法、绘画中的笔触，它能起到加强、丰富作品艺术效果的作用。

During wood carving, the most meaningful experience is the use of various knife techniques. Just as the brush strokes in calligraphy and painting, knife techniques can strengthen and enrich the artistic effect of a work.--XieFan (talk) 14:23, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Xu Jia 徐佳

1. 宋代刺绣之发达，由于当时朝廷奖励提倡之故。为使作品达到书画之传神意境，绣前需先有计划，绣时需度其形势，乃趋于精巧。

The thriving of embroidery in Song Dynasty resulted from the encouragement of the imperial court at that time. To make the embroidery as vivid and expressive as calligraphy and paintings, the embroiderer should imagine the big picture first and make flexible changes in subsequent embroidering process so as to make the work exquisite.--Xu Jia (talk) 08:58, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia

2. 北京景泰蓝是集美术、雕刻、镶嵌、玻璃熔炼、冶金等专业技术为一体，具有鲜明的民族风格和深刻的文化内涵，是最具北京特色的传统手工艺品之一。

Integrating art, sculpture, inlay, glass smelting, metallurgy and other professional techniques as a whole, Beijing Cloisonne is a characteristic feature of the local traditional handicrafts with distinct national style and profound cultural connotation.--Xu Jia (talk) 08:58, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia

3. 漆器所制作的器皿，样式多且富于变化，造型简朴，表现出器物结构比例之美。

Lacquerware utensils are made in various styles and simple shapes, which show the beauty of structure.--Xu Jia (talk) 08:58, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia

Lacquerware utensils are made in various styles and their shapes are simple , which show the elegant design of the ware.--Wu Zijia (talk) 14:18, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Wu Zijia

4. 微雕施工面积极小，没有相当高的书法功底和熟练运用微雕工具的技能是难以完成的，且刻作时，要屏息静气，深思集中，一丝不苟。

A micro-carving work can not be finished without profound knowledge of calligraphy or adept skill in using carving tools. In addition, the craftsman must hold his breath and pay all his attention into it during the process of carving.--Xu Jia (talk) 08:58, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia

Xu Jing 许静

1. 刺绣工艺最基本的功能是对服饰的装饰，这种装饰并非只是起到简单的美化作用，同时发挥着诸多重要的功能，如标识身份，显示社会地位。

Embroidery is mostly used to embellish clothes. In addition to simple beautification, these decorations have many other importanat functions, such as the representation of identity and social status.--Xu Jing (talk) 15:27, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

2.从明到清中期以前，景泰蓝都是官办且为宫廷供奉，直到清朝后期才出现民办珐琅作坊，景泰蓝才作为商品在市场上流通，并于道光年间出口海外，在国际上名噪一时。

From Ming Dynasty to the Mid Qing Dynasty, Cloisonne was only produced by the government, and served for the court. Not until the late Qing Dynasty did private enamel workshops appear, and Cloisonne went into the market as commodities. Under the reign of Daoguang Emperor of Qing Dynasty, it was exported overseas and gained a temporary international fame.--Xu Jing (talk) 15:27, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3.最初的惊喜是从色彩开始的。从朱砂和松烟，人们得到了两种漆器最初的主色：红色、黑色。红与黑的结合占据了很长一段制漆的调色盘，偶尔有宝石镶嵌作为它的点缀，但那都只是点缀而已，热烈与深沉交织的颜色，从原始时期穿透了春秋战国。

The initial surprise came from colors. From cinnabar and ashes of fired pine, people attained two main colors of the ancient lacquerware: red and black. They had been the main colors in the color palatte of lacquerware producing for a long time, with an occational decoration of gemstone. The enthusiasm of red and the composure of black mixed together through the acient times and the Warring period.--Xu Jing (talk) 15:27, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4.中国古人素来喜爱运用雕刻，将对美好生活的期盼与祝福，通过每一处细致深入的刻画，把它们恰到好处地展现出来。那些随处可见的砖雕、木雕、石雕，共同构成了一幅具有中国意韵的画，将千家万户的动人故事娓娓道来……

Ancient Chinese alwawys liked carving. Through every careful carving, they expressed their longing for a better life to an exactly appropriated extent. Those brick carvings, wood carvings and stone carvings constribute to an unique Chinese paintings, telling the stories of tens of thousands of Chinese households. --Xu Jing (talk) 15:27, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Yang Chenting 杨晨婷

1. 而到了汉末，六国时期，刺绣越来越喜欢表现文化。当时佛教文化的兴起也要刺绣更多的偏向了佛像和人物形象等方面。后来出图的北魏的佛像图也是佐证了这个事情。 To late Han Dynasty, the period of Six Kingdoms, culture contents were more likely to be expressed in embroidery. At the same time, the prosperity of Buddhist culture made embroidery show more about figures of Buddha and people. Later, the unearthed Buddha graphs of Northern Wei Dynasty also proved this.

In Han Dynasty, the period of Six Kingdoms, culture contents were more likely to be expressed in embroidery. At the same time, the prosperity of Buddhist culture made embroidery show more about figures of Buddha and people, which was proven by the later enearthed Buddha graphs of Northern Wei Dynasty.--Wang Xuan (talk) 05:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan

2. 生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁，主要由漆酚、漆酶、树胶质及水分构成。用它作涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆，光彩照人。 Chinese lacquer is a kind of natural fluid from lacquer trees, containing urushiol, laccase, gumminess and water. It can be used as paint, which can resist water, high temperature and erosion. Also, it can be made in different colors, beautiful and shining.

Chinese lacquer is a kind of natural fluid from lacquer trees, containing urushiol, laccase, gumminess and water. It can be used as paint with the merit of resisting water, high temperature and erosion. Besides, it can also be made in different colors, beautiful and shining. --Wang Xuan (talk) 05:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan

3. 雕刻是一门造型艺术，造型艺术是以立体视觉为裁体的雕刻，辅以精湛雕刻艺术，智慧与巧思会赋予玉器的艺术文化。 Scripture is a kind of plastic art, which depends on stereo version, plus delicate scripture skills and talents.

Sculpture is a kind of plastic art based on three-dimensional vision and supplemented by exquisite carving art,wisdom and ingenuity endowed in jade with artistic culture.--Wang Xuan (talk) 05:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan

4. 中国的雕刻有着悠久的历史文化，据考证，中国的玉雕加工技术始于夏商，兴于汉唐，精于明清，盛于当今，至今玉雕加工技术在中国拥有着5000多年的历史了。 Chinese scripture has long history. It is proved that the jade carving technology started in Xia Shang Dynasty, prospered in Han and Tang Dynasty, refined in Ming and Qing Dynasty and flourished today. Up till now, jade carving technology has experienced over 5000 years development.

Chinese scripture has a long hisroty. It is proved that the jade carving technology was started in Xia Shang Dynasty, refined in Ming and Qing and flourishing today. Up till now, jade carving technology has experienced over 5000 years development. --Wang Xuan (talk) 05:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan

--Yang chenting (talk) 01:29, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Yang Chenting

Yang Hairong 杨海容

1.湘绣在配色上善于运用深浅灰及黑白色，加上适当的明暗对比，增强了质感和立体感，结构上虚实结合，善于利用空白，突出主题，形成了湘绣水墨画般的素雅品质。 Hunan Embroidery is good at using shades of gray, black and white in color matching, plus appropriate contrast between light and dark, which enhances the texture and three-dimensionality. The structure combines virtual and solid, and is good at using blanks to highlight the theme, forming Hunan embroidery a simple and elegant quality like ink painting.--Yang Hairong (talk) 02:50, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Hunan Embroidery is good at using shades of gray, black and white in color matching, coupled with appropriate contrast between light and dark, which enhances the texture and three-dimensional effect. It combines the virtuality and reality in terms of structure and utilizes the blank space to highlight the theme, featuring simple and elegant like ink painting.--Chen Han (talk) 07:47, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.如果说瓷器像茉莉花一样清新高雅，那么景泰蓝一定是美艳的牡丹花高贵大气，虽然他们各有千秋，但不同于瓷器的是景泰蓝的制作工序更为复杂，造型也更多变。 If porcelain is as fresh and elegant as jasmine, then cloisonne must be noble and generous just like pretty peony . Although they have their own merits, what is different from porcelain is that the production process of cloisonne is more complicated and the shape is more varied.--Yang Hairong (talk) 02:50, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.古语云：“滴漆入土，千年不坏。”说的就是漆器。漆器是一种用生漆涂敷在器物胎体表面作为保护膜制成的工艺品或生活用品。表面被涂过漆的胎体经过反复多次的髹涂后，不仅坚固耐用，多样的装饰使器物色泽华丽。 The old saying goes: "Drip lacquer into the soil will not be bad for a thousand years." It talks about lacquerware. Lacquerware is a kind of handicraft or daily necessities made by coating raw lacquer on the surface of the carcass as a protective film. The lacquered surface of the carcass has been painted repeatedly for many times, and it is not only sturdy and durable, but also a variety of decorations make the color gorgeous.--Yang Hairong (talk) 02:50, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

4.东阳木雕的雕刻以平面浮雕为主，内容多为历史故事和民间传说，图案采用满花手法，画面布满纹饰，形成一种独特的艺术风格。 The woodcarvings of Dongyang are mainly flat reliefs, and the content is mostly historical stories and folk legends. The patterns are full of flowers and the picture which are covered with patterns, forming a unique artistic style.--Yang Hairong (talk) 02:49, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Yang Hui 阳慧

湘绣绣品主要用真丝丝线在真丝织物上绣制图案，它既有名贵的欣赏艺术品，也有美观适用的日用品。 Xiang Embroidery is mainly embroidered with silk silk thread on silk fabric patterns, it not only valuable appreciation of art, but also beautiful and applicable daily goods.

Embroidering patterns in silk fabric with silk thread, Xiang Embroidery crafts inculde valuable work of art,as well as beautiful materials for daily use.--Xiao Ting (talk) 09:06, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Ting

景泰蓝又名铜胎掐丝珐琅，中国特种手工艺品，最早产于元朝时的古老京都，盛行于明朝景泰年间(1450年-145 6年)，因其釉料颜色主要以蓝色(孔雀蓝和宝石蓝)为主,古称为景泰蓝。

Cloisonne , also known as copper fetuses, is a special Chinese handicraft, most preterm in the ancient Kyoto of the Yuan Dynasty . It was popular in the period of Jingtai (1450-145 6 years) in the Ming Dynasty.

雕刻工艺品是否成为珍品完全取决于雕刻工艺师对材料的感觉、对艺术的理解、雕刻技巧的发挥和孜孜不倦的精神，这不是普通人所能胜任的，也正是由于如此难能可贵，“雕刻”成为一种艺术、一种文化和一种精神的象征。

Whether or not the carving handicraft becomes the curiosa depends entirely on the carving craftsman's feeling to the material, the understanding to the art, the engraving skill display and the assiduous spirit, this is not the ordinary person can be competent, also because so precious, " engrave " becomes a kind of art,-a kind of culture and a kind of spirit symbol.

用生漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁。

The daily utensils, crafts and artworks made by applying raw lacquer to the surface of various objects are generally called " lacquerware ".Raw lacquer is a natural sap cut from sumac.--YangHui (talk) 08:40, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Yang Yue 杨悦

1、拥有2500余年历史的苏绣艺术，是中华民族的瑰宝，被誉为“东方明珠”，位列中国四大名绣之首，2006年，苏绣被公布为第一批国家级非遗代表作。

The embroidery art with over 2,500 years of history is a treasure of the Chinese nation. It is hailed as the “ Pearl of the Orient,” and it ranks among the top four most famous embroiderers in China. In 2006, Suzhou Embroidery was announced as the first national non-heritage representative.--Yang Yue (talk) 13:09, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Suzhou embroidery with over 2,500 years of history is a treasure of the Chinese nation. Hailed as the "Pearl of the Orient", it ranks first among the top four most famous embroiderers in China and was listed among the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage in 2006.--Xu Jia (talk) 09:52, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia

2、景泰蓝的制作工艺既运用了青铜工艺，有利用了瓷器、珐琅等工艺，同时大量引进传统绘画和雕刻技艺，堪称中国传统工艺的集大成者。

A kind of special craft that combines the copper with ceramics, bronzes, paintings and carving works. It is the unique one among the Chinese handicrafts.--Yang Yue (talk) 13:09, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3、中国的漆器，从新石器时代起，历经商周直至明清，漆器工艺不断发展，达到了相当高的水平。另外，它对日本等地都有深远影响。

Chinese lacquer, since the neolithic age, after Shangzhou until the Ming and Qing Dynasties, kept developing and reached a quite high level. What’ s more, it do have a far-reaching impact on Japan and other places.--Yang Yue (talk) 13:09, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Chinese lacquerware, since the neolithic age, through Shangzhou to Ming and Qing Dynasties, has been developing and reached a quite high level. In addition, it has a profound impact on Japan and other places.--Luo Yuqing (talk) 13:46, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4、木雕在长江两岸地区随处可见，其中最著名的有浙江的东阳木雕、广东的金漆木雕、福建的龙眼木雕和安徽的徽州木雕。

Wood carving can be seen all over the region on both sides of the Yangtze River where the best known includes the Dongyang wood carving in Zhejiang Province, the golden lacquer wood carving in Guangdong, longhand wood carving in Fujian Province and Huizhou wood carving in Anhui Province.--Yang Yue (talk) 13:09, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Wood carving can be seen all over the region on both sides of the Yangtze River, including the most famous ones like the Dongyang wood carving in Zhejiang Province, the golden lacquer wood carving in Guangdong Province, longan wood carving in Fujian Province and Huizhou wood carving in Anhui Province.--Xu Jia (talk) 09:52, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia

Yang Ziling 杨子泠

这些绣品在图案的结构上非常严谨，有明确的几何布局，大量运用了花草纹、鸟纹、龙纹、兽纹，并且浪漫地将动植物形象结合在一起，手法上写实与抽象并用，穿插蟠叠，刺绣形象细长清晰，留白较多，体现了春秋战国时期刺绣纹样的重要特征。

These embroideries are very rigorous in the structure of the pattern, with a clear geometric layout and a large number of flower patterns, bird patterns, dragon patterns, and animal patterns. It romantically combines the images of animals and plants, using both realistic and abstract techniques. Interspersed with piles, the image is slender and clear with more white space, which reflects the important characteristics of embroidery patterns during the Spring and Autumn Period.   --Yang Ziling (talk) 01:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

据有关史料记载，13世纪下半叶，元蒙军队远征，横跨欧亚大陆入侵西亚，俘虏了大批有专业技能的工匠作为工奴输往后方，专为蒙古贵族生产豪华日用品。此时，阿拉伯地区流行华丽的金属胎珐琅制品。

 According to relevant historical records, in the second half of the 13th century, the Yuan-Mongolian army made an expedition across Eurasia and invaded West Asia, capturing a large number of skilled craftsmen as slaves and exporting them to the rear to produce luxury daily necessities for the Mongolian nobles. At that time, gorgeous metal enamel products were popular in the Arab region.   --Yang Ziling (talk) 01:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

漆器所制作的器皿，样式多且富变化，造型简朴，表现出器物结构比例之美。一般而言，宋代漆器以素色静谧为主。 The utensils made by lacquerware have many styles and variations, and their shapes are simple, showing the beauty of the structure. Generally speaking, the lacquerware of Song Dynasty was mainly plain and quiet. --Yang Ziling (talk) 01:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

  刀法就是雕刻家用来体现自己创作构思的技术手法，也是形象地揭示艺术内容的手段。运刀的转折、顿挫、凹凸、起伏，都是为了使作品更加生动自然以充分体现木雕的材质美，体现丰富的雕琢美。 

Knife technique is a technique used by sculptors to embody their creative ideas, as well as a means to vividly reveal artistic content. The twists, frustrations, bumps, and undulations of the knife are all to make the work more vivid and natural to fully reflect the beauty of the materials and carving itself. --Yang Ziling (talk) 01:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Yi Zichu 义子楚

1，刺绣的历史可以追溯到商朝，而汉朝又见证了刺绣在风格和技术上的一大飞跃 The history of embroidery can trace back to the Shang Dynasty. The Han Dynasty witnessed a leap in the styles and techniques of embroidery 2，景泰蓝的制作工艺既运用了青铜工艺，又利用了瓷器，珐琅等工艺，同时大量引进传统绘画和雕刻技术，堪称中国传统工艺等集大成者。 Cloisonne's craftsmanship not only uses bronze craftsmanship, but also porcelain, enamel and other crafts. At the same time, it introduces a large number of traditional painting and carving techniques. It can be called a master of traditional Chinese crafts. 3，人们成功烧制精美的白釉瓷器和以铜为着色剂的单釉瓷器，使得明代瓷器色彩艳丽。 Successful firing the exquisite white glaze porcelain and the single-glaze porcelain with copper as the coloring agent, made the Ming Dynasty porcelain colorful. 4，黄杨木雕最早作为立体雕刻的工艺品单独出现，供人们案头欣赏，目前有实物可查考dao的是元代至正二年(1342年)的“李铁拐”像，现保存在北京故宫博物院 Boxwood carving the earliest as three-dimensional carving crafts alone, for people to appreciate the present a kind of desk, can be found is the Yuan Dynasty to the two years (1342) "Li Tieguai"like, are now preserved in the Imperial Palace Museum in Beijing. --Yi Zichu (talk) 12:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

You Yuting 游雨婷

1.刺绣是针线在织物上绣制的各种装饰图案的总称。它是用针和线把人的设计和制作添加在任何存在的织物上的一种艺术。刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，在中国至少有二三千年历史。 Embroidery is the general term for various decorative patterns embroidered on the fabric with needle and thread. It is the art of utilizing needles and threads to add human design and fabrication to any fabric that exists. Embroidery, one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts, has a long history of at least two or three thousand years in China.

Embroidery is the general term for various decorative patterns embroidered on the fabric with needle and thread. It is the art of utilizing needles and threads to add human designs and fabrication to any fabric that exists. Embroidery, one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts, has a long history of at least two or three thousand years in China.--Zhang Yinliu (talk) 16:15, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝一直在藏家的心中占有重要地位，自古就有“收藏若无景泰蓝，藏尽天下也枉然”之说，明清两朝的景泰蓝、珐琅彩等尤为受追捧。 Cloisonne has always held an important position in the hearts of collectors. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "if you don't collect cloisonne, it is useless to collect it at all." Cloisonne and enamel from the Ming and Qing dynasties were particularly popular.

Cloisonne has always taken an important place in the hearts of collectors. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "if you don't collect cloisonne, it is useless to collect all the other treasures in the world." Cloisonne and enamel from the Ming and Qing dynasties were particularly popular.--Zhang Yinliu (talk) 16:15, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.历经商周直至明清，中国的漆器工艺不断发展，达到了相当高的水平。中国的炝金、描金等工艺品，对日本等地都有深远影响。漆器是中国古代在化学工艺及工艺美术方面的重要发明。 Throughout the Shang, Zhou and Ming dynasties, Chinese lacquer craft continued to develop and reached a very high level. Chinese live gold, painted gold and other arts and crafts have a profound influence on Japan and other places. Lacquer ware is a significant invention in chemical technology and arts and crafts in ancient China.

4.雕刻技法，就是在雕刻创作中，作者对雕件的形象和空间的处理手法。这种手法主要体现在削减意义上的雕与刻。确切的说，就是由外向内一步步通过减去废料，循序渐进一步步讲形体挖掘显现出来的技艺和手段。 Carving technique is the treatment of the image and space of the carved piece by the author in the creation of carving. This technique is mainly embodied in the sense of cutting carving. To be exact, it is the art and means of body excavation by subtracting wastes step by step from the outside in.--You Yuting (talk) 04:12, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Carving technique refers to the treatment of the image and space on the carved piece by the craftsman in his creation. This technique is mainly embodied in the sense of cutting. To be more precise, it is the art and means of body excavation by subtracting wastes step by step from the outside in.--Chen Han (talk) 07:08, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Yu Ni 余妮

1.湘绣是以硬缎、交织软缎、尼纶等为原料绣制的精细工艺品，绣品既有名贵的欣赏艺术品，也有美观适用的日用品。

Xiang embroidery is a delicate handicraft with hard satin, interwoven soft satin and nylon as raw materials. Absorbing the spirit of Chinesepaintings, the embroidery reaches a high artistic level. There are not only valuable appreciation works of art, but also beautiful and applicable daily necessities.--Yu Ni (talk) 03:46, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

2.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称。它是集美术、工艺、雕刻、镶嵌、冶金等专业技术为一体，具有鲜明的民族风格和深刻文化内涵，是最具北京特色的传统手工艺品之一。

Beijing is the birthplace of cloisonne in China and the most important one. Beijing Cloisonne is famous for its elegant and vigorous shape, various patterns and beautiful and solemn colors. It is a collection of arts, crafts, sculpture, inlay, metallurgy and other professional technology as a whole, with distinct folk style and profound cultural connotation, is one of the traditional handicrafts with Beijing characteristics.--Yu Ni (talk) 03:46, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3.从新石器时代起人们就认识了漆的性能并用以制器。历经商周直至明清，中国的漆器工艺不断发展，达到了相当高的水平。

Since the Neolithic age, the properties of lacquer have been known and used to make utensils. Through the Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, China's lacquerware technology developed continuously and reached a very high level.--Yu Ni (talk) 03:46, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4.雕刻可以创造出具有一定空间的可视、可触的艺术形象，借以反映社会生活、表达艺术家的审美感受、审美情感、审美理想的艺术。

Carving can create a visual and touching artistic image with a certain space to reflect social life and express the artist's aesthetic feeling, aesthetic emotion and aesthetic ideal.--Yu Ni (talk) 03:46, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Yuan Tianyi 袁天翼

中国刺绣又称丝绣、针绣，是中国优秀的民族传统工艺之一。中国是世界上发现与使用蚕丝最早的国家，人们在四五千年前就已经开始养蚕、缫丝了。随着蚕丝的使用，丝织品的产生与发展，刺绣工艺也逐渐兴起，宋代时期崇尚刺绣服装的风气，已逐渐在民间广泛流行，这也促使了中国丝绣工艺的发展。

Chinese embroidery, known as silk embroidery and needlework, is one of the extraordinary national traditional crafts of China, which was the first country in the world to discover and use silk. People began to raise silkworms and reel silk four or five thousand years ago. With the utilization of silk, the birth and development of silk fabrics, embroidery technology also gradually emerged. In the Song Dynasty, the fashion of advocating embroidery clothing gradually became popular, which also promoted the development of Chinese silk embroidery.--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 02:33, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

景泰蓝，中国的著名特种金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺技术制作达到了最巅峰，制作出的工艺品最为精美而著名，故后人称这种金属器为“景泰蓝”。

Cloisonne is one of the famous special metal crafts of China. Upon the Time of Jingtai of the Ming Dynasty, the production of this kind of craft technology reached its climax, and the handicraft produced at that time was the most exquisite one which made it famous. Therefore, later generation called this kind of metal wares "cloisonne".--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 02:33, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁，主要由漆酚、漆酶、树胶质及水分构成。用它作涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆，光彩照人。

Generally, daily implements, artwares and handicrafts besmeared with lacquer on the surface are called "lacquer ware". Raw lacquer is a natural juice cut from sumac, mainly composed of urushiol, laccase, gum and moisture. It boasts moisture resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and other special functions when utilized as coating, which can also be designed with paint with different colors, brilliantly.--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 02:33, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

雕刻，是指把木材、石头或其他材料切割或雕刻成预期的形状皆可称之为雕刻。服务于这一目的的工具有刀、凿子、圆凿、圆锥、扁斧和锤子。

Sculpture refers to the wood, stone or other materials cut or carved into the desired shape. Tools serving for this purpose include knives, chisels, chisels, cones, axes and hammers.--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 02:33, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Zeng Liang 曾良

1.刺绣，是一种具有悠久传统的民间艺术，在中国艺术和手工艺品史上占有重要地位。刺绣的长期发展离不开蚕的饲养和纺丝技术的发展。 Embroidery,a folk art with a long tradition, occupies an important position in the history of Chinese arts and crafts. It is,in its long development, inseparable from silkworm-raising and silk-reeling and weaving.--Zeng Liang (talk) 07:10, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝又称“铜胎掐丝珐琅”，是一种中国传统的手工艺精品。它以细扁铜丝作线条，在铜质的胎地上捏出各种图案花纹，再将五彩珐琅点填在花纹内，经烧制、镀金而成。 Cloisonne, which is also called copper padding thread weaving enamel, is a kind of Chinese traditional handicrafts. The manufacture of cloisonne ware requires an elaborate and complicated process, namely, base-hammering, copper-wire curving, soldering, polishing, and gilding, ect.--Zeng Liang (talk) 07:10, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆固化后表面非常坚硬暴露在空气中也不易碎，并可高度磨光。 Lacquer becomes extremely hard but not brittle on exposure to air and takes a high polish.--Zeng Liang (talk) 07:10, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.诚招石刻、玉刻、木刻、陶瓷、金属等行业以及书法、民间艺术系列行业。 Welcome the industries of stone inscription, jade carving, woodcarving, ceramics, metal, calligraphy and the folk art.--Zeng Liang (talk) 07:10, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Zeng Xinyuan 曾心媛

1.作为中国四大名绣之一的湘绣，向来以历史悠久，工艺精湛，风格独特，品类繁多而闻名海内外。 Xiang embroidery, as one of the four famous embroideries, is well known at home and abroad for its long history, exquisite craftsmanship, unique style, and various categories.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 03:27, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

2.景泰蓝集青铜与瓷器的制作工艺、传统手工绘画和雕刻技艺于一身，堪称中国传统工艺的集大成者。 Cloisonné combines craftsmanship of bronze and porcelain, traditional manual painting, and carving skills in one, being an epitome of traditional Chinese craftsmanship.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 03:27, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

Combining the craftsmanship of bronze and porcelain, traditional manual painting, and carving skills, Cloisonné is an epitome of traditional Chinese craftsmanship. --Zhang Ling (talk) 07:40, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆器的发明和使用是中华民族对人类文明的杰出贡献，是我国古老的优秀传统手工艺品，在商周时期漆器的品种和工艺水平登上了高峰，战国时期更加鼎盛，明、清时代则呈现出千文万华的繁荣局面。 Invention and use of lacquerware is a great contribution of Chinese nation to human civilization, as well as an excellent traditional handicraft in China with a long history. In the period of Shang and Zhou Dynasties, variety and level of craftsmanship of lacquerware reached a peak, while in the period of warring states, it was at its best, and it was omniform and thriving in Ming and Qing Dynasties.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 03:27, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

4. 木雕蜕变是一个漫长的过程，每一件工艺品都是手艺人辛劳汗水和时光的结晶。 The birth of wood carving is a long process, as each artifact comes from hard work and time of craftsmen.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 05:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

Zhang Hui 张慧

1.宋代时期崇尚刺绣服装的风气，已逐渐在民间广泛流行，这也促使了中国丝绣工艺的发展。 In the Song Dynasty, the trend of advocating embroidery clothing has gradually become popular among the people, which also promoted the development of Chinese silk embroidery technology.--Zhang Hui (talk) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC) In the Song Dynasty, the trend of advocating embroidery clothing had gradually become popular among the people, which also promoted the development of Chinese silk embroidery technology.--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 15:54, 8 October 2020 (UTC) 2.景泰蓝，中国的著名特种金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺技术制作达到了最巅峰，制作出的工艺品最为精美而著名，故后人称这种金属器为“景泰蓝”。 Cloisonne, one of the famous special metal crafts in China, reached its peak during the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty, and the crafts produced were the most exquisite and famous, so later generations called this metalware "cloisonne".--Zhang Hui (talk) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC) Cloisonne, as one of the famous special metal crafts in China, reached its top peak during the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty, and the crafts produced in this period were the most exquisite and famous, so it is called this metalware "cloisonne" by later generations .--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 15:54, 8 October 2020 (UTC) 3.漆器的发明和使用是中华民族对人类文明的杰出贡献，是我国古老的优秀传统手工艺品，在商周时期漆器的品种和工艺水平登上了高峰。 The invention and use of lacquerware is an outstanding contribution of the Chinese nation to human civilization. It is an excellent ancient traditional handicraft in China. The variety and craftsmanship of lacquerware reached a peak during the Shang and Zhou Dynasties.--Zhang Hui (talk) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC) The invention and use of lacquerware is an outstanding contribution made by the Chinese nation to human civilization. It is an excellent ancient traditional handicraft in China. The variety and craftsmanship of lacquerware reached a peak during the Shang and Zhou Dynasties.--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 15:54, 8 October 2020 (UTC) 4.微雕施工面积极小，没有相当高的书法功底和熟练运用微雕工具的技能是难以完成的，且刻作时，要屏息静气，神思集中，一丝不苟。 The construction surface of micro-engraving is so small. It is difficult to complete without a high calligraphy skill and proficiency in the use of micro-engraving tools. When carving, it is necessary to hold your breath, concentrate and be meticulous.--Zhang Hui (talk) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

The construction surface of micro-engraving is so small. It is difficult to complete without a fairly high foundation of calligraphy skills and proficiency in the use of micro-engraving tools. When carving, it is necessary to hold your breath, concentrate and be meticulous.--You Yuting (talk) 04:15, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Ling 张玲

1. 湘绣是中国四大名绣之一，是以湖南长沙为中心的带有鲜明湘楚文化特色的湖南刺绣产品的总称，它起源于湖南的民间刺绣，吸取了苏绣和粤绣的优点而发展起来，已经有2000多年历史。

Hunan embroidery is one of the four famous embroidery in China. It is the general name of Hunan embroidery products with the distinctive Chu cultural characteristics centered on Changsha, Hunan Province. It originated from the folk embroidery in Hunan and developed by absorbing the advantages of Su embroidery and Yue embroidery, and has a history of more than 2,000 years. --Zhang Ling (talk) 01:39, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

2. 景泰蓝是古代劳动人民智慧的结晶。在历经元、明、清三代王朝的历史变革中，勤劳智慧的工匠艺人用他们的双手创造了灿烂的景泰蓝文化。

Cloisonne is the crystallization of the wisdom of the ancient working people. Through the historical changes of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, hardworking and intelligent craftsmen created splendid Cloisonne culture with their hands. --Zhang Ling (talk) 01:39, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3. 8000年前，新石器时代的原始人们惊奇地发现，用漆树上割取的天然汁液涂在木制器物表面，就能带给它们一层经久不朽的保护膜。

8000 years ago, the primitive people of the Neolithic Age were surprised to find that applying natural sap cut from the sumac tree on the surface of wooden utensils can give them a long-lasting protective film. --Zhang Ling (talk) 01:39, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4. 木雕作为一门非常优秀的民间工艺，不仅有着精湛的雕刻技艺，更是具备了几千年的历史文化积淀。

As a very excellent folk craft, wood carving not only has exquisite carving skills, but also has thousands of years of historical and cultural accumulation. --Zhang Ling (talk) 01:39, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Peiwen 张佩闻

现保存的较好的刺绣为甘肃民间藏品《福禄寿》，市面上常见的清代刺绣大多做工较为粗糙，图案简单，而《福禄寿》（长260cm，宽110cm）至今保存完好，颜色鲜艳，绣工精细。 The Three Lucky Man(god of fortune, god of prosperity, and god of longevity） collected by Gansu civil is one of the well-preserved embroiodery with 260cm long and 110cm wide.The bright color and exquisite workmanship diffrentiate it from the average Qing embroideries.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 03:03, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

这个厂主要生产我国传统工艺品：景泰蓝制品，也叫北京烧瓷。

This factory produces China's traditional arts and crafts: cloisonne, or Beijing enamel, as it is called.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 03:03, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

用漆做涂料，有耐潮，耐高温，耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配置出不同色漆，光彩照人。 This type of paint ,as a coating material, can be resistant to moisture,high-temperature and corrosion. Also,It can be configured to form different brilliant colors.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 03:03, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

这种雕刻要求手法精巧。 This kind of carving requires a delicate touch. --Zhang Peiwen (talk) 03:01, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Weihong 张维虹

1. 中国刺绣的历史，至少有三千多年。从其起源到发展，如同一部细化的服饰史、社会史、文化史。花样繁多的绣法、针法、材质，勾勒、点染、铺陈出最中国的审美意境，恰似锦绣中华。

The history of Chinese embroidery dates back some three thousand years ago. The story of its origin and development is like some detailed books of clothing, social and cultural history. A wide variety of embroidery techniques, needlework, and materials have been used to outline, dye, and depict the most Chinese aesthetic conceptions, just like the beautiful China. --Zhang Weihong (talk) 15:12, 10 October 2020 (UTC) Zhang Weihong

2. 铜胎掐丝珐琅，俗称景泰蓝，集制铜、制瓷、掐丝、绘画等多种技艺于一体，堪称中国传统工艺的集大成者。景泰蓝又被称为“火焰的艺术”，因其除了要焊接铜胎、铜丝，烧蓝的步骤也要重复多达三、四次。

Copper padding thread weaving enamel, commonly known as cloisonné, is a combination of copper, porcelain, thread-weaving, painting and other techniques. It represents the peak of traditional Chinese craft. Cloisonné is also known as "the art of fire", because apart from welding copper tires, copper wire, it includes three or four times of firing the blue. --Zhang Weihong (talk) 15:12, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zhang Weihong

3. 长沙，地处幅员广袤的荆楚腹心，自战国以来即富产漆器。

Located in the center of Jing Kingdom and Chu Kingdom with a vast territory, Changsha has been rich in lacquerwares since the Warring States period. --Zhang Weihong (talk) 15:12, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zhang Weihong

Changsha, located in the heart of the vast territory of Jing Chu, has been rich in lacquerware since the Warring States Period.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 03:11, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

4. 尼木县普松乡距拉萨市150公里，是著名的“雕刻之乡”。作为“尼木三绝”之一的普松雕刻是普松乡群众世世代代传承下来的一项古老技艺，现已成为西藏自治区级非物质文化遗产。

150 kilometers away from Lhasa, Pusong is known as "a village of carving". As one of the "three treasures of Nyemo County" , Carving is an ancient art passed down from generation to generation. It was listed as an item in the provincial level intangible cultural heritage. --Zhang Weihong (talk) 14:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zhang Weihong

Zhang Yinliu 张银柳

1. 十字绣也称十字桃花绣，是一种在民间广泛流传的传统刺绣方法。其针法特点，十字绣的纹样一般造型简练，结构严谨，常呈对称式布局的图案风格，也有写实风格的纹样，题材多为自然花草。十字绣具有浓郁的民间装饰风格。

Cross-stitch embroidery, also named as cross peach blossom embroidery, is a traditional embroidery method which is broad-spreading in the folk. Its pattern is usually concise in shapes, well-knit in structure, symmetric in layout as well as some realistic in pattern. The subjects of cross-stitch emroidery are about nature, flowers and grasses most of time. Cross-stitch embroidery features a strong folk decorative style.

2.中国有句很有哲理的老话，"他山之石，可以攻玉"，即使这种以金属为胎填敷珐琅釉料烧制而成的作品是舶来品，但在中华民族博大精深的艺术土壤上，也很快就融会了中华民族的传统风格，成为中国工艺美术史上一颗璀璨的明珠。

There is a very philosophical old saying,"Stones from other mountains may serve to polish the jade." Even though this foreign good which is made of metal and filled with enamel glaze before it is burnt, in the profound artistic soil of Chinese nation, it soon merged with traditional style of Chinese nation and became a shining pearl in the history of Chinese art and craft.

3.中国古代所用漆，是漆树分泌的一种汁液，经日晒脱水后，即成为可作涂料的熟漆。

The lacquer used in ancient China is a kind of sap secreted by the sumac tree. After being dehydrated in the sun, it becomes a processed lacquer that can be used as paint.

4. 我们的老师认为:精微艺术贵在精微，也难在精微，因为它不仅术其微小，还必须在微小之中再现艺术神采、韵味。每一件精微艺术品，无不是成功于所实的基本功之上，同时，又缀满了心血和汗水。

Our teacher believes that subtle art is valuable in its subtlety, and it is also difficult to keep subtle. Because it not only uses the subtlety, but also must reproduce the artistic charm and essence in the subtlety. Every piece of fine art is successful due to the basic skills, and at the same time, it is full of hard work and sweat. --Zhang Yinliu (talk) 16:04, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Yu 张瑜

1.中国传统刺绣属于中国传统民间艺术的重要部分,其中蕴藏了丰富的中国劳动人民智慧结晶,也体现着中国传统文化的核心思想。

Traditional Chinese embroidery, as an important part of traditional Chinese folk art, holds profound wisdom discovered by Chinese laboring people and embodies the core concepts of traditional Chinese culture.--Zhang Yu (talk) 07:02, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Traditional Chinese embroidery, as an important part of traditional Chinese folk art, holds the abundant treasure of Chinese laboring people's wisdom and embodies the core thoughts of traditional Chinese culture.--Zhang Yinliu (talk) 16:28, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝制作程序繁复,做工精美,民间有"一件景泰蓝,十件官窑器"的说法,足见景泰蓝的艺术价值之高。

The making of cloisonne requires rather elaborate and complicated processes. There is a saying that "a cloisonne is equal to ten official wares", which shows its high artistic value.--Zhang Yu (talk) 07:02, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

The making process of cloisonne is rather complicated and the cloisonne is quite elaborate. There is a saying in the folk, "A cloisonne is equal to ten official wares", which completely shows its high artistic value.--Zhang Yinliu (talk) 16:28, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆器的出现给人们的日常生活带来了便利,同时丰富了人们的精神生活,是人类文明的进步。

The appearance of lacquerware, as a symbol of progress in human civilization, brings convenience to people's daily life and enriches people's spiritual life.--Zhang Yu (talk) 07:02, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

4.中国玉雕艺术博大精深,具有十分丰富的文化内涵与较高的美学品位,经过长时间的历史发展与积淀,玉雕的内容和形式都趋于完善。

The Chinese art of jade carving, both extensive and profound, has rich cultural connotations and higher aesthetic taste. The content and form of jade carving tend to be comprehensive after a long period of historical development and accumulation. --Zhang Yu (talk) 07:00, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Yujie 张毓婕

1.苏州刺绣至今已有2000余年的历史，早在三国时期苏绣就出现了。

Suzhou embroidery has a long history of more than 2000 years, which can dates back to as early as the Three Kingdoms period (220-280 A.D.)

2.景泰蓝是中国的著名特种金属工艺品之一，属于国家级非物质文化遗产。

Cloisonne, one of China's famous special metal crafts, belongs to the national intangible cultural heritage.

3.漆器是指用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等。漆器是中国古代在化学工艺方面的重要发明。

Lacquerware, refering to everyday utensils, handicrafts, and fine arts made by painting on the surface of various objects, is an important invention of chemical technology in ancient China.

4.石雕的历史是艺术的历史，也是文化内涵丰富的历史，更是形象生动而又实在的人类历史。

The history of stone carving is the history of art. Carrying rich cultural connotations, it is also the vivid and real history of human beings.--Zhang Yujie (talk) 07:16, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Yuxing 张宇星

1.起源于川西民间的蜀绣，由于受地理环境、风俗习惯、文化艺术等各方面的影响，经过长期的不断发展，逐渐形成了严谨细腻、光亮平整、构图疏朗、浑厚圆润、色彩明快的独特风格。 The Shu embroidery originated in the folk of Western Sichuan. After long-term development with the influence of geographical environment, customs, culture and art, it has gradually formed a unique style which is rigorous and delicate, bright and flat, and thick and round with sparse composition, and bright colors.

2.景泰蓝，中国的著名特种金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺技术制作达到了最巅峰，制作出的工艺品最为精美而著名，故后人称这种金属器为“景泰蓝”。 Cloisonne, one of China's famous special metal crafts, reached its peak during the Jingtai period in the Ming Dynasty. As its crafts were famous for exquisite and famous, we called them "cloisonne".

3.生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁，主要由漆酚、漆酶、树胶质及水分构成。用它作涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆，光彩照人。 Raw lacquer, natural sap taken from the sumac tree, is mainly composed of urushiol, laccase, gum and water. Used as a coating, raw lacquer has many special functions including moisture resistance, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance, while it can also be applieded to formulate different color paints with brilliance.

4.在最常见的雕刻方法中，一只手拿着凿子，另一只手拿木槌，然后用木槌将凿子敲入木头或石头中。 One hand hold a chiseland another a mallet, and then drive the chisel into wood or stone with the mallet, which is the most common method for carving.--Zhang Yuxing (talk) 10:28, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhao Xi 赵茜

1.刺绣是我国独特的传统工艺品，我国的刺绣有着悠久的历史。早在秦汉时期，刺绣的工艺技术就发展到较高的水平，它是汉代封建经济的重要支柱，也是古代丝绸之路上对外输出的主要商品之一。

With a long history in China, embroidery is a unique traditional artifact. Early in the Qin and Han periods, as the technology of embroidery developed at a high level, embroidery was the pillar of the feudal economy in the Han Dynasty and was one of the major export commodities in the ancient Silk Road. --Zhao Xi (talk) 10:39, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Embroidery is an unique traditional artifact of China with a long history. Early in the Qin and Han Dynasties, craftsmanship of embroidery developed at a quite high level. Embroidery was a pillar of feudal economy in the Han Dynasty and one of the major export commodities on the ancient Silk Road.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

2.景泰蓝是宫廷艺术，从一出生就被打上了“御用”的烙印，一直被誉为重器，以此显示皇威、帝尊。

Cloisonne is a royal art for the use of the emperor since it appeared and is regarded as a treasure to represent imperial dignity and majesty.--Zhao Xi (talk) 10:39, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Cloisonné is a royal art, and since it appeared it had been determined to be used only by the emperor, being regarded as a treasure to represent imperial dignity and majesty.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

3.扬州漆器是我国四大漆器之一,因其工艺精湛、风格独特、装饰精细而闻名于世,具有鲜明的地方特色和时代特征。

Yangzhou lacquerware is one of the four great lacquerwares in China and is famous for its superb techniques, unique designs and exquisite decoration, possessing distinct localized features and time characteristics. --Zhao Xi (talk) 10:39, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Yangzhou lacquerware is one of the four great lacquerware in China, and is famous for its superb craftsmanship, unique style, and exquisite decoration, possessing distinct features of locality and the times.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

4.很久以前，我国古代的工匠就把他们精湛的雕刻艺术运用在宫殿、桥梁、佛寺的建筑上，例如紫禁城、卢沟桥、灵隐寺等处，为建筑群增添了奇丽无比的装饰效果。

Once upon a time, craftsmen in the ancient China applied their exquisite carving skills on such palaces, bridges and Buddhist temples as the Forbidden City, the Lugou Bridge and the Lingyin Temple, adding gorgeous decorative effects to a building complex.--Zhao Xi (talk) 10:39, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Long time ago, craftsmen in ancient China applied exquisite carving art to palaces, bridges, Buddhist temples such as the Forbidden City, the Lugou Bridge, and Lingyin Temple, adding a gorgeous decorative effect to the complex.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

Zhao Xiaoyan 赵晓燕

1.早在秦汉时期，刺绣的工艺技术就发展到较高的水平，它和丝绸是汉代封建经济的重要支柱。 Early in Qin and Han Dynasties,the embroidery, as an craft and technology, had developed in a high level, which is the key support for the feudal economy of Han Dynasty besides silk.--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC) Early in the Qin and Han Dynasties,the embroidery, as an craft and technology, had developed in a high level, which is the key support for the feudal economy of Han Dynasty besides silk.--Zhang Hui (talk) 15:53, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

2.中国是瓷器的故乡，瓷器是古代劳动人民的一个重要创造。 China is the hometown of china, which is an important creation by ancient Chinese people.--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC) China is the hometown of china, which is an important creation by ancient Chinese people.--Zhang Hui (talk) 15:53, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆器文化历史悠久，兴于秦汉，建于明清，风格独特，蜚声全球，是中国传统的特种工艺宝库。 The culture about lacquerware has a long history, which originated from Qin and Han Dynasties and formed in Ming and Qing Dynasties.As the traditional special craft treasury of China,lacquerware is well -knowned by the world with unique style.--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC) The culture about lacquerware has a long history, which originated from Qin and Han Dynasties and formed in Ming and Qing Dynasties.As the traditional special craft treasury of China,lacquerware is well-knowned by the world with unique style.--Zhang Hui (talk) 15:53, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

4.雕刻，是发自内心的，玉雕师本着对玉器的喜爱和敬仰而雕刻。 Carving needs to be done with heart, which requires the craftsman to do it with reverence and passion for the jade. --Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC) Carving needs to be done with the heart, which requires the craftsman to do it with reverence and passion for the jade.--Zhang Hui (talk) 15:53, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhou Yiwen 周艺文

1.湘绣的艺术特色，主要表现为形象生动、逼真，质感强烈，它是以画稿为蓝本，“以针代笔”，“以线晕色”，在刻意追求画稿原貌的基础上，进行艺术再创造。故其独特技艺，尽在“施针用线”之中。

As for artistic characteristics, Xiang embroidery is famaous for its vivid images and rich texture. Based on drawings, it tries to show the vivid images of the original drawings and futher recreate artistically. Therefore the unique skill of Xiangxiu is in the thread and stitches.

2.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称，给人以圆润坚实、细腻工整、金碧辉煌、繁花似锦的艺术感受，成为驰名世界的传统手工艺品。景泰蓝工艺的艺术特点可用形、纹、色、光四字来概括。

Beijing is the birthplace of China's cloisonne and the most important place of production. Beijing cloisonne is famous for its elegant and majestic shapes, rich patterns, and dignified colors. It impresses people with its strong artistic characteristics of mellowness, durableness, delicateness, neatness, and splendidness and has become a world-renowned traditional handicraft.

3.传统的扬州漆器，是在精致髹漆的基础上，选用翡翠、玛瑙、珊瑚、碧玉、白玉、象牙、紫檀、云母、夜光螺及金银等800种名贵材料制作而成。

Traditional Yangzhou lacquerware is made from 800 kinds of precious materials such as jade, agate, coral, jasper, white jade, ivory, red sandalwood, mica, luminous snail, gold and silver based on exquisite lacquer coating.

4.在艺术手法上，东阳木雕以层次高、远、平面分散来处理透视关系，并以中国传统绘画的散点透视或鸟瞰式透视为构图特点，在一定的平面和空间范围内所表现出来的内容要比西方古典浮雕更为丰富。

In terms of artistic techniques, Dongyang woodcarving handles the perspective relation by using space gradations, high or far, and scattered planes and composites by using the scattered perspective or bird's-eye perspective of traditional Chinese paintings. Thus its content expressed within a certain plane and space is richer than Western classical relief.--Zhou Yiwen (talk) 12:53, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhou Yuanqu 周园曲

1.百鸟被面以“百鸟朝凤”为题材，画面以凤凰为中心，百鸟群聚于凤凰周围，或翔或栖，或鸣或舞，千姿百态，栩栩如生。

The pattern on the quilt shows an image of all birds paying homage to the phoenix. With the phoenix at the center, hundreds of birds fly or perch, sing or dance, all different in postures and as vivid as life.--Zhou Yuanqu (talk) 12:52, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝，中国著名金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺技术制作达到了最巅峰，又因其使用的珐琅釉多以蓝色为主，故而得名“景泰蓝”。

Cloisonne is a famous metal handicraft in China. Because its craftmanship reached its peak in Jingtai period of Ming dynasty(1450 A.D.-1457 A.D.) and the color of its enamel glaze is mostly blue, it is known as the Blue of "Jingtai".--Zhou Yuanqu (talk) 12:52, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.宋朝制作的漆器样式多且富变化，造型简朴，表现出器物结构比例之美。一般而言。宋代漆器以素色静谧为主。

Lacquerware of Song dynasty, plain and unadorned, varies in shape and style, exhibiting the beauty of structural proportions. Usually it is in a plain and tranquil tone.--Zhou Yuanqu (talk) 12:52, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

In Song dynasty, Lacquerware is plain and unadorned. It varies in shape and style, exhibiting the beauty of structural proportions. Usually it is in a plain and tranquil tone.--Yu Ni (talk) 02:28, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

4.2008年6月7日，木雕经国务院批准列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。

Approved by the State Council, wood carving was included in the 2nd batch of national intangible cultural heritage list on July 7th, 2008.--Zhou Yuanqu (talk) 12:52, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Wood carving was approved by the State Council to be included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list on June 7th, 2008.--Yang Yue (talk) 13:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhu Meimei 祝美梅

在全国人大代表、贵州松桃苗绣公司负责人石丽平的坚守和带动下,成千上万名绣娘拿起手中的一针一线,用小小针尖撬动脱贫大事业,既传承发展了"松桃苗绣",又富了"口袋",闯出了一条刺绣致富的好路子。

Driven by Shi Liping, the representative of the National People's Congress and the head of Songtao Miao Embroidery Company in Guizhou province, thousands of embroidery girls took up their needles and threads to engage in the massive undertaking of poverty alleviation, which not only inherit and develop "Songtao Miao Embroidery", and also make a profit, ushering a good way to get rich with the art of embroidery.

With the persistence and leading of Shi Liping, the representative of the National People's Congress and the head of Songtao Miao Embroidery Company in Guizhou province, thousands of embroidery girls took up their needles and threads to engage in the massive undertaking of poverty alleviation, which not only inherited and developed "Songtao Miao Embroidery", and also made a profit, ushering a good way to get rich with the art of embroidery.--Gao Mingzhu (talk) 13:40, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu

景泰蓝制作工艺、纹饰与器形富有鲜明的民族特色和中国传统风格,是中国传统工艺品的瑰宝,具有极高的艺术、历史和收藏价值。

Owing to its craftsmanship, ornamentation and ware shape, Cloisonne is characterized by unique ethnic favor and traditional Chinese style. They are treasures of traditional Chinese crafts and enjoy extremely high artistic, historical and collection value.

漆器是指用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的器具及工艺品。中国人制造漆器的历史最早可以追溯到7000多年前的新石器时代，经过不断地发展，中国漆器在制造工艺和艺术上都达到了很高的水平，错彩镂金，极尽富丽之美。 Lacquerware refers to utensils or handicrafts made by painting their surface with lacquer. The history of Chinese lacquer production can be traced back to the Neolithic Age more than 7000 years ago. With persistently development, Chinese lacquerware has reached a very high level both in manufacturing craftsmanship and art. colourfully and dazzlingly embellished Lacquerware fully displays a kind of splendid and delicate beauty.

远在新石器时代的河姆渡文化、大汶口文化，就曾发掘出精美的雕花象牙制品。 As far back as the Hemudu and Dawenkou Culture in the Neolithic Age, exquisite carved ivories were unearthed.--Zhumeimei (talk) 08:44, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhu Xu 朱旭

1. 任何一件湘绣艺术品，都离不开精心饰裱。也是绣品的最后的工序。通常，一件绣品在饰裱和框架的选择方面应与绣品的构图和颜色搭配。

Any piece of Xiang embroidery artwork can not be separated from elaborate decoration. It is also the last step of embroidery. Usually, a piece of embroidery in the choice of the frame and decoration should be with the composition and color of the embroidery.--Zhu Xu (talk) 07:06, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

2. 社会经济不断发展，至清中期，物阜民丰，国力强盛，统治阶级有足够的财力精力来支持工艺美术的发展，很多工艺品种都较以前有了长足的进步，这一时期的珐琅工艺也不例外。

With the continuous development of social economy, by the middle of the Qing dynasty, the ruling class had sufficient financial resources and energy to support the development of the applied arts. This period of enamel technology is no expectation.--Zhu Xu (talk) 07:06, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3. 新石器时代的漆器制造处于探索阶段，主要制作生活用品，漆色以红、黑两种单色为主，工艺仅有彩绘和镶嵌两种。

The manufacture of Neolithic lacquerware is in the exploration stage, the main productions are household goods which painted in red or black. There are only two kinds of crafts: painted and inlaid.--Zhu Xu (talk) 07:06, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4. 玉雕是中国独有的技艺，具有悠久的发展历史和鲜明的时代特征，不同的朝代，玉雕有着不同的造型与特色。

Jade carving is a unique Chinese art, with a long history of development and distinctive characteristics of the Times. In Different dynasties, jade carving has different shapes and characteristics.--Zhu Xu (talk) 07:06, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Zou Xinyu 邹鑫雨

1.刺绣是中国优秀的民族传统工艺之一，刺绣与养蚕，缫丝分不开，所以刺绣，又称丝绣。中国是世界上发现与使用蚕丝最早的国家，人们在四五千年前就已经开始了养蚕、缫丝了。随着蚕丝的使用，丝织品的产生与发展，刺绣工艺也逐渐兴起。

Embroidery is one of the extraordinary Chinese traditional crafts. As it's inseperable from sericulture and silk reeling, it's also called silk embroidery. China is the earlist country in the world to discover and utilize silk. Chinese people started sericulture and silk reeling four to five thousand years ago. With the utilization of silk, the emergence and development of silk fabrics, embroidery is gradually springing up.--Zou Xinyu2 (talk) 06:06, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Zou Xinyu

2.景泰蓝与雕漆、玉器、象牙被称为北京工艺品的四大名旦，更以悠久的历史、典雅优美的造型、鲜艳夺目的色彩、华丽多姿的图案、繁多的品种造型等使其成为工艺美术世界里一颗璀璨的明珠。

Cloisonne, carved lacquer, jade and ivory are known as the four illustrious arts of Beijing handicrafts, and cloisonne, depending on its long history, elegant shapes, eye-catching colors, gorgeous patterns, inumerous varieties,etc., becomes a resplendent pearl shining in the world of arts and crafts.--Zou Xinyu2 (talk) 06:06, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Zou Xinyu

3.漆器最开始是看不到美的，成型的步骤漫长而繁琐，安静又孤独。而当你站在已经有着3000多年历史的成都漆器面前，你就会看见岁月一点一滴从细腻的技艺中渗透出一种光芒，圆润秀气，无一丝张扬。

The beauty of lacquerware is not seen at its very begining, and its procedure of shaping is time-consuming and tedious, silent and solitary. But when you stand in front of Chengdu lacquerware which has a history of more than 3000 years, you'll observe that the age quietly permeates a kind of mellow light from delicate craftsmanship bit by bit.--Zou Xinyu2 (talk) 06:06, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Zou Xinyu

4. 沉睡的庞贝古城，将人像的雕刻艺术交织于生活用品，似向世人叙说西方古国的风情人貌；繁荣的中山古国，则将富有神秘色彩的东方传说，汇聚于雕刻品中。

The sleeping ancient city of Pompeii intertwined the carving art of portraits with daily necessities, which seems to tell the world about the customs and features of the ancient western countries; while the prosperous ancient Zhongshan country brought together mysterious oriental legends in the carvings.--Zou Xinyu2 (talk) 06:06, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Zou Xinyu

Zubareva, Ekaterina

1.有超过100,000个不同的汉字。实际上，不可能完全精确地计算它们。但是，对于有识字的人来说，有用字符的数量“仅”在3,000到6,000之间。

There are more than 100,000 different Chinese characters. It is actually impossible to count them all precisely. The number of useful characters, for a literate person however, is “only” between 3,000 and 6,000. --ZubarevaEkaterina (talk) 05:59, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

2.中国书法是作为一种艺术形式的汉字书写，它结合了纯粹的视觉艺术和对文学意义的阐释。

Chinese calligraphy is the writing of Chinese characters as an art form, combining purely visual art and interpretation of the literary meaning. --ZubarevaEkaterina (talk) 05:59, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3.书法家和艺术家都使用称为“笔/bĭ”或“毛笔/máobĭ”的墨水笔，这是中国人在公元前300年发明的一种工具。

Calligraphers as well as artists use ink brushes known as 笔/bĭ or 毛笔/máo bĭ, a tool the Chinese invented around 300 BC. --ZubarevaEkaterina (talk) 05:59, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4.《兰亭集序》（王羲之）

虽无丝竹管弦之盛，一觞一咏，亦足以畅叙幽情。

Although there is no prosperity of the silk and bamboo orchestra, one chant and one chant are enough to express the secret feelings.--ZubarevaEkaterina (talk) 05:59, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-=====Cao Runxin 曹润鑫=====
+==Alsied, Saffana ==
+.Embroidery in China is a distinct art, using silk threads.
-=====Chen Han 陈涵=====
+中国的刺绣是独特的艺术，使用丝线。--[[User:SAFFANA ALSIED 2|SAFFANA ALSIED 2]] ([[User talk:SAFFANA ALSIED 2|talk]]) 16:57, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-=====Chen Jingjing 陈静静=====
+. Cloisonne is famous traditional enamelware, known as the Blue of “Jingtai” in China.
-=====Chen Yongxiang 陈永相=====
+景泰蓝是著名的传统搪瓷器皿，在中国被称为“景泰蓝”。--[[User:SAFFANA ALSIED 2|SAFFANA ALSIED 2]] ([[User talk:SAFFANA ALSIED 2|talk]]) 16:57, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-=====Ding Daifeng 丁代凤=====
+.Chinese lacquerware has a very long history.
-=====Gan Fengyu 甘奉玉=====
+中国漆器历史悠久。--[[User:SAFFANA ALSIED 2|SAFFANA ALSIED 2]] ([[User talk:SAFFANA ALSIED 2|talk]]) 16:57, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-=====Gao Mingzhu 高明珠=====
-=====Gu Dongfang 顾东方=====
+.Jade has been cherished by the Chinese people as a symbol of many virtues.
-=====Guan Qinqing 管钦清=====
+玉一直被中国人民视为许多美德的象征。--[[User:SAFFANA ALSIED 2|SAFFANA ALSIED 2]] ([[User talk:SAFFANA ALSIED 2|talk]]) 16:57, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-=====Gui Yizhi 桂一枝=====
+==Guirou, Barthelemy==
+Translation:
-=====Guo Lu 郭露=====
+-中国在传统手工艺方面非常有名，特别是在刺绣方面.
-=====He Changqi 何长琦=====
+China is very famous in traditional crafts, particularly in embroidery.
-=====Hu Baihui 胡百辉=====
+China is very famous in traditional crafts, particularly regarding embroidery.--[[User:Root|Root]] ([[User talk:Root|talk]]) 06:46, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+-大多数传统搪瓷器皿是用铜制成的，因为它很容易满足您的需求.
+Most of the traditional enamelware is made of copper because it is easy to hammer onto your own desire.
+Most of the traditional enamelware is made of copper, because it can easily satisfy your desire.--[[User:Root|Root]] ([[User talk:Root|talk]]) 06:46, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+-中国人喜欢使用漆器制成的物体，例如，碎石，茶几，橱柜等。
+Chinese like to use objects made of lacquer such as screems, coffee tables, cabinets etc.
+-在中国文化中，玉由于其美丽，纯净，神奇和治愈的品质而成为重要的对象。
+In chinese culture, jade is an important object due to its beauty, purity, magical and curative qualities.--[[User:GUIROU BARTHELEMY|GUIROU BARTHELEMY]] ([[User talk:GUIROU BARTHELEMY|talk]]) 01:54, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Cao Runxin 曹润鑫==
+.明代刺绣已成为一种极具表现力的艺术品，先后产生号称“四大名绣”的苏绣、粤绣、湘绣、蜀绣。
+Embroidery of Ming Dynasty has become a very expressive work of art, and successively produced the four famous embroidery including Su embroidery, Guangdong embroidery, Hunan embroidery and Sichuan embroidery.--[[User:Cao Runxin|Cao Runxin]] ([[User talk:Cao Runxin|talk]]) 05:48, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。
+Beijing is the birthplace of Chinese cloisonne as well as the most important place of production.--[[User:Cao Runxin|Cao Runxin]] ([[User talk:Cao Runxin|talk]]) 05:48, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+.漆器图案根据不同的器物，以粗率简练的线条或繁缛复杂的构图，增强人或动物的动感与力度。
+Lacquerware patterns enhance the dynamics and strength of people or animal with simple lines or complex composition according to different objects.--[[User:Cao Runxin|Cao Runxin]] ([[User talk:Cao Runxin|talk]]) 05:48, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+.在木雕艺术创作中，最有意义的探索是运用各种刀法，恰到好处的体现我们的创作意图。
+The most meaningful exploration in the creation of woodcarving art is to use various knives to properly embody our intentions.--[[User:Cao Runxin|Cao Runxin]] ([[User talk:Cao Runxin|talk]]) 05:48, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Chen Han 陈涵==
+.苏州刺绣匠人们能以40种针法，1000种不同针线，在一块布料上绣出不同的自然环境主题，如花、鸟、兽、园林等。
+Artisans of Suzhou Embroidery are able to use more than 40 stitches and 1,000 different types of threads to embroider on a piece of cloth reflecting different nature and environment themes such as flowers, birds, animals, gardens and so on.--[[User:Chen Han|Chen Han]] ([[User talk:Chen Han|talk]]) 02:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.工匠们先要选取铜片，剪裁切割之后，通过这样耐心地反复捶打做成各种器物的毛坯，而一件精美绝伦的艺术品，也将在这不起眼的铜胎上一步步完成。
+Firstly, craftsmen choose pieces of copper and then cut and hammer them into the molds for different kinds of artifacts by beating repeatedly with patience. And a magnificent work of art is to be created step by step from the ordinary copper mold. --[[User:Chen Han|Chen Han]] ([[User talk:Chen Han|talk]]) 02:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.漆器生产工序复杂，耗工耗时，漆器品种又特别繁多，不仅用于装饰家具，器皿，文具和艺术品，而且还应用于乐器，丧葬用具，兵器等。
+The complicated procedures of making lacquerware are labor-consuming and time-consuming. Varieties of lacquerware are particularly diverse, not only for decorating furniture, utensils, stationery, and artwork, but also for musical instruments, funeral equipment, weapons, etc.--[[User:Chen Han|Chen Han]] ([[User talk:Chen Han|talk]]) 02:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.象牙雕刻艺术品，以坚实，光滑的质地，精美的雕刻艺术，倍受收藏家珍爱，成为古玩中独具特色的品种之一。
+The artwork of ivory carving is cherished by collectors with its texture both solid and smooth and its fine carving methods used, and it has become one of the unique types of antiques.--[[User:Chen Han|Chen Han]] ([[User talk:Chen Han|talk]]) 02:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+The artwork of ivory carving is extremely cherished by collectors for its solid, smooth texture and exquisite carving art, thus enjoying the fame of the unique one among antiques.--[[User:Yuan Tianyi|Yuan Tianyi]] ([[User talk:Yuan Tianyi|talk]]) 02:37, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Chen Jingjing 陈静静==
+.四大名绣之称形成于十九世纪中叶，它的产生除了本身的艺术特点外，另一个重要原因就是绣品商业化的结果。由于市场需求和刺绣产地的不同，刺绣工艺品作为一种商品开始形成了各自的地方特色。而其中苏，蜀，粤，湘四个地方的刺绣产品销路尤广，影响尤大,故有“四大名绣”之称。
+The designation of the four great embroideries were formed in the middle of the 19th century. Their appearance was out of their own artistic features and most importantly a result of embroidery commercialization. With differences in market demand and embroidery origins, embroidery handicrafts, a kind of commodity, started to form their own characteristics，which enjoy high sales and popularity particularly in Jiangsu, Sichuan, Guangdong and Hunan, thus being the name Four Great Embroideries.
+.景泰蓝长期祇在宫廷监管下制作，19世纪其技艺流入民间，成为“燕京八绝”之一，并且逐渐扩散至各地，一度成为重要的手工业。但是由于工艺繁琐、成本很高，各地景泰蓝又纷纷消失，现主要产地是中国北京和深圳，还有台湾。其中北京景泰蓝被列入中国非物质文化遗产.
+Cloisonne have been manufactured under the supervision of the court for quite a long time and became familiar to common people in the 19th century,becoming one of the Yanjing Eight Excellences. It gradually spread to all parts of the country and played a vital role in handicraft industry at that time but then faded away owing to its complicated process and high cost. Now it is mainly produced in Beijing, Shenzhen and Taiwan ,among which the Beijing cloisonne has been listed as China's intangible cultural heritage.
+.许多制作精美的古代漆器，即使长期埋藏在潮湿的地下或干燥的沙漠中，也能保持光艳如新，但出土后会因环境湿度变化大而出现变形、变色等现象。这是因为空气过于干燥，漆器容易发生断裂，湿度过大，则易出现变形和脱漆。
+A great many of exquisite ancient lacquerware, though buried in humid underground or dry desert for a long time, remain as bright and beautiful as new ones but will appear deformation and discoloration due to the great change of environmental humidity. As  when the air is too dry, the lacquerware is prone to break and will easily lose its shape and depaint when it is too humid.
+Many exquisite ancient lacquerware, even if they are buried in humid underground or in dry deserts for a long time, remain bright as new, but they will be deformed and discolored due to large changes in environmental humidity after being unearthed. When the air is too dry, the lacquerware is prone to break and will easily lose its shape and depaint when it is too humid, which is also the reason behind.--[[User:Zhang Yuxing|Zhang Yuxing]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yuxing|talk]]) 10:34, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+.牙雕、玉雕等工艺由于材料昂贵，做工又十分的精细，所以逐渐从实用品转变为欣赏品，因此被人们称为“ 特种工艺”，解放前，它仅是剥削阶级手中的玩物。木雕、石雕、泥雕、面塑等工艺，则大都流传在民间，具有浓厚的乡土气息。
+Crafts like ivory carving and jade carving,because of the costly materials and fine workmanship, are gradually transformend into objects for appreciation from practical ones,thus gaining the name of Special Arts and Crafts. They are nothing more than playthings in the hands of the exploiting class before liberation. Wood carving, stone carving, clay carving and dough sculpture and other crafts, however, are popular among the common people with a strong local flavor.--[[User:Chen Jingjing|Chen Jingjing]] ([[User talk:Chen Jingjing|talk]]) 05:09, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing
+==Dashkin, Gennadii ==
+.Embroidery was also used as a means of decorating silk clothing and silk flags and banners that denoted rank or station.
+刺绣也被用作装饰丝绸服装，丝绸旗帜和横幅的手段，以表示等级或地位。--[[User:Gennadii Dashkin|Gennadii Dashkin]] ([[User talk:Gennadii Dashkin|talk]]) 08:16, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+刺绣也用来装饰丝绸服饰，丝绸旗帜和横幅，以彰显等地或地位。--[[User:Yang Ziling|Yang Ziling]] ([[User talk:Yang Ziling|talk]]) 06:33, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+.Chinese Cloisonné is now the standard by which the quality and beauty of cloisonné is measured worldwide.
+中国景泰蓝现已成为衡量世界范围内景泰蓝质量和美观程度的标准。--[[User:Gennadii Dashkin|Gennadii Dashkin]] ([[User talk:Gennadii Dashkin|talk]]) 08:16, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+.After thousands of years, Chinese lacquer ware continued to develop and evolve, and reached a high level.
+几千年来，中国漆器不断发展和进化，达到了很高的水平。--[[User:Gennadii Dashkin|Gennadii Dashkin]] ([[User talk:Gennadii Dashkin|talk]]) 08:16, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+.Modern technology has promoted the motivation and the efficiency of jade carving creation, but the style and artistic effect have not changed greatly.
+现代化工艺促进了玉雕创作的动机和效率，但风格和艺术效果没有太大变化。--[[User:Gennadii Dashkin|Gennadii Dashkin]] ([[User talk:Gennadii Dashkin|talk]]) 08:15, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Ding Daifeng 丁代凤==
+. 在种类上，苏绣作品主要可分为零剪、戏衣、挂屏三大类，装饰性与实用性兼备。
+Su embroidery products fall into three major categories: costumes, decorations for halls and crafts for daily use, which integrate decorative and practical values.--[[User:Ding Daifeng|Ding Daifeng]] ([[User talk:Ding Daifeng|talk]]) 13:56, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+Su embroidery products are divided into three major categories of piece works, stage costumes and wall hangings for both decorative function and practical use.--[[User:Gan Fengyu|Gan Fengyu]] ([[User talk:Gan Fengyu|talk]]) 07:32, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+. 景泰蓝是驰名中外的传统工艺，它集青铜艺术、瓷器、和雕刻诸种工艺制作技巧于一身，是一门地道的北京绝活。
+Cloisonne is a traditional art widely known in and outside China. It is a kind of superb local expertise form of Beijing, which combines the skills of bronze art, porcelain, carving and other types of folk arts.--[[User:Ding Daifeng|Ding Daifeng]] ([[User talk:Ding Daifeng|talk]]) 13:56, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+Cloisonne is a traditional art widely known both at home and abroad. It is a kind of superb local expertise form of Beijing, which combines the skills of bronze art, porcelain, carving and other types of folk arts.--[[User:Gan Fengyu|Gan Fengyu]] ([[User talk:Gan Fengyu|talk]]) 07:32, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+. 有证据表明，给物品上漆的做法始于4000多年前，当时它被用来给家具等普通物品以及耳环和梳子等私人物品上漆。
+Evidence indicates that the practice of lacquering objects began over 4000 years ago, where it was used to coat common objects like furniture, and personal items like earrings and combs.--[[User:Ding Daifeng|Ding Daifeng]] ([[User talk:Ding Daifeng|talk]]) 13:56, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+. 木雕主要分成三个类别：建筑雕刻、家具雕刻、和艺术品雕刻。中国的木雕以其令人深刻的细致结构和主题之美受到了全世界的欣赏。
+Wood carving in China constitutes three major categories: architecture carving, furniture carving and artworks carving. Chinese wood carving is appreciated worldwide for its impressively detailed structures and the beauty of its themes.--[[User:Ding Daifeng|Ding Daifeng]] ([[User talk:Ding Daifeng|talk]]) 13:56, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Gan Fengyu 甘奉玉==
+:刺绣, 古代称之为针绣, 是用绣针引彩线, 将设计的花纹在纺织品上刺绣运针, 以绣迹构成花纹图案的一种工艺。
+刺绣是中国古老的手工技艺之一, 中国的手工刺绣工艺已经有2000多年的历史了。
+Embroidery, known as needle embroidery in ancient times, is a kind of craft that uses needle to embroid color thread of designed patterns to form works with the traces on textiles.--[[User:Gan Fengyu|Gan Fengyu]] ([[User talk:Gan Fengyu|talk]]) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+Embroidery is one of the ancient handicrafts in China, which has a history of more than 2000 years.--[[User:Gan Fengyu|Gan Fengyu]] ([[User talk:Gan Fengyu|talk]]) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+:伊斯兰文明为中国带来了景泰蓝工艺, 但景泰蓝在中国的大发展, 归根到底离不开中国本土的文化环境。
+景泰蓝曾于明清两代，取得了颇高的艺术成就，享誉海内外。
+Islamic civilization has brought Cloisonne technology to China, but in the final analysis,,Cloisonne's great development in China is inseparable from China's local cultural environment.--[[User:Gan Fengyu|Gan Fengyu]] ([[User talk:Gan Fengyu|talk]]) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+Once in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Cloisonne made considerable artistic achievements and was well-known at home and abroad.--[[User:Gan Fengyu|Gan Fengyu]] ([[User talk:Gan Fengyu|talk]]) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+: 中国漆工艺是人类宝贵的文化财富,人类审美意识的发展催生了生漆装饰艺术.
+Chinese lacquer craft is the precious cultural treasure of human being. And the development of human aesthetic consciousness gives birth to lacquer decoration art.--[[User:Gan Fengyu|Gan Fengyu]] ([[User talk:Gan Fengyu|talk]]) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+:雕刻工艺既有苏州特色又有文化内涵，既融艺术之美又重精细之功，可谓学生学习技艺、传承文化的好载体。
+Carving technology has both Suzhou characteristics and cultural connotation. It combines the beauty of art and attention to fine work, so it can be regarded as a good carrier for students to learn skills and inherit culture.--[[User:Gan Fengyu|Gan Fengyu]] ([[User talk:Gan Fengyu|talk]]) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Gao Mingzhu 高明珠==
+、绣女手中的针线犹如画家手中的笔墨丹青，可以绣出璀璨精美的图画，显示出不同时代的文化风貌和艺术成就。
+Like the pen and ink holding by painters, the needle in hands of embroiders can create brilliant and exquisite paintings which showed different cultures and artistic achievements of different times.
+The needles and threads in the hands of women embroiders are like the pen and ink in the hands of a painter. They can show us bright and exquisite pictures, showing the cultural features and artistic achievements of different eras.--[[User:Liu Yi|Liu Yi]] ([[User talk:Liu Yi|talk]]) 15:41, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+、在西方人的心目中，奢华的景泰蓝代表着中国灿烂的文明。
+In the western people’s eyes, luxury Cloisonne is the embodiment of China’s splendid civilization.
+In the western people’s mind, luxury Cloisonne represents China’s splendid civilization.--[[User:Tan Yuanyuan|Tan Yuanyuan]] ([[User talk:Tan Yuanyuan|talk]]) 15:34, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+In the eyes of Westerners, the luxurious cloisonne represents China's splendid civilization.--[[User:Liu Yi|Liu Yi]] ([[User talk:Liu Yi|talk]]) 15:41, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+In westerners'mind, the luxurious cloisonne is the representative of the splendid Chinese culture.--[[User:Jiang Qiwei|Jiang Qiwei]] ([[User talk:Jiang Qiwei|talk]]) 06:42, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+、殷商时代已有“石器雕琢，觞酌刻镂”的漆艺。
+Dating back to the period of Yin and Shang dynasties, people created the lacquer art by curving on stones and making hollowed-out wine cups.
+In the Yin and Shang dynasty, people created the lacquer art by curving on stones and making hollowed-out wine cups.--[[User:Liu Yi|Liu Yi]] ([[User talk:Liu Yi|talk]]) 15:41, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+、中国石雕有南北两个派别之分，北派豪放壮伟，南派婉约精美。
+Chinese stone carving is divided into two parts——the north part and the south part. The north part is characterized by being unconstrained and magnificent while the south part being implicit and exquisite.--[[User:Gao Mingzhu|Gao Mingzhu]] ([[User talk:Gao Mingzhu|talk]]) 13:48, 8 October 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu
+Chinese stone carvings are divided into two factions: the northern style is bold and majestic, and the southern style is graceful and delicate.--[[User:Liu Yi|Liu Yi]] ([[User talk:Liu Yi|talk]]) 15:41, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Grosheva, Anna ==
+. Embroidery was never classified as a solely female activity, and men and women have both been involved in embroidery.
+刺绣从未被归类为仅女性活动，男人和女人都参与了刺绣。--[[User:ANNA GROSHEVA|ANNA GROSHEVA]] ([[User talk:ANNA GROSHEVA|talk]]) 08:29, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+. A variety of cloisonné items in all shapes and sizes are available, including tables, stools, vases, chopsticks, earrings, candy boxes, toothpicks and smoking tools.
+提供各种形状和大小的各种景泰蓝物品，包括桌子，凳子，花瓶，筷子，耳环，糖果盒，牙签和吸烟工具。--[[User:ANNA GROSHEVA|ANNA GROSHEVA]] ([[User talk:ANNA GROSHEVA|talk]]) 08:29, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+. The Chinese lacquer with brilliant color is waterproof, corrosion-proof and high temperature resist.
+色泽鲜艳的中国清漆是防水，防腐蚀，耐高温的。--[[User:ANNA GROSHEVA|ANNA GROSHEVA]] ([[User talk:ANNA GROSHEVA|talk]]) 08:29, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+. In the 1990s, while Chinese contemporary art had produced some new and profound works, jade carvings at that time were mainly copies of antique motifs.
+在1990年代，虽然中国当代艺术创作了一些新颖而深刻的作品，但当时的玉雕主要以古董为主题。--[[User:ANNA GROSHEVA|ANNA GROSHEVA]] ([[User talk:ANNA GROSHEVA|talk]]) 08:29, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Gu Dongfang 顾东方==
+.四大名绣形成于十九世纪中叶，它的产生除了本身的艺术特点外，另一个重要原因就是绣品商业化的结果。由于市场需求和刺绣产地的不同，刺绣工艺品作为一种商品开始形成了各自的地方特色，其中苏、蜀、粤、湘四个地方的产品销路尤广，故有四大名绣之称。
+The Four famous embroideries were formed in the mid-nineteenth century.Besides their artistic features, they can also be attributed to the commercialization of embroidery.Due to various market demands and embroidery origins, embroidery crafts as a commodity began to embrace their own local characteristics, among which the products from Suzhou, Sichuan, Guangdong and Hunan were particularly well sold, hence the name of the four famous embroideries.--[[User:Gudongfang|Gudongfang]] ([[User talk:Gudongfang|talk]]) 05:23, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Gu dongfang
+.景泰年间的景泰蓝制品，从故宫等地陈列过的实物来看，工艺得到了更大的发展。宫廷内的御用监设有制作景泰蓝的作坊。这个时期制胎水平已达到了相当的高度。胎型有方有圆，并向实用方面转化。
+The crafting progress of Cloisonne products during the Jingtai period has made a major progress judeged from the real objects, which were on display in places ,such as the Forbidden City. The imperial crafting agency was established with Cloisonne workshops .Copperplate-making reached a high level at that time.The copperplate , round or square in shape , transformed into practical use.--[[User:Gudongfang|Gudongfang]] ([[User talk:Gudongfang|talk]]) 05:23, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Gu dongfang
+.作为中国传统工艺的的重要品种，漆工艺先传往东亚、东南亚，继而由西欧传到北美，在世界上产生了广泛的影响。
+The lacquering , an improtant part of Chinese traditional craft, spread to East Asia, Southeast Asia, and then from Western Europe to North America, exerting a wide influence on the world.--[[User:Gudongfang|Gudongfang]] ([[User talk:Gudongfang|talk]]) 05:23, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Gu dongfang
+As a vital part of Chinese traditional craft, the lacquering technology first spread to East Asia and Southeast Asia, and then spread from Western Europe to North America, exerting great impact on the world.--[[User:Hu Jin|Hu Jin]] ([[User talk:Hu Jin|talk]]) 08:02, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+As an important variety of traditional Chinese crafts, the lacquering tenology first spread to East Asia, Southeast Asia, and then to North Ameica from Western Europe,which had exerted a wide influence in the world.--[[User:Gan Fengyu|Gan Fengyu]] ([[User talk:Gan Fengyu|talk]]) 07:54, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.我国石雕艺术具有悠久的历史，品种繁多，就石雕而言，这些雕刻大多为无名石匠所作。千百年来，伴随着人们的物质生活和精神生活而流传至今。它表现了民间工艺精湛的技艺和巧妙的构思,具有很高的艺术价值与历史人文价值。
+The art of stone carving in China is characterized by a long history and a wide variety. In terms of stone carvings, most of them are made by anonymous masons. For thousands of years, they are passed down along with people's material and spiritual life. It shows the exquisite folk craft skills and ingenious idea with a high artistic and historical humanistic value.--[[User:Gudongfang|Gudongfang]] ([[User talk:Gudongfang|talk]]) 05:23, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Gu dongfang
+==Guan Qinqing 管钦清==
+.刺绣是用针和线或纱线在织物或其他材料上进行装饰的手工艺。刺绣最常用在无檐帽、有檐帽、外套、毛毯、礼服衬衫、长筒袜、髙尔夫球衫上。令人感到吃惊的是:在刺绣的发展过程中，从起初到后来更精美的阶段，让人感觉不到也说不出来有什么材质或技术的变化。另一方面，我们发现后来很少能达到早期作品中的技术成就和髙水准的工艺。
+Embroidery is a kind of handicraft to decorate fabric or other materials with needle and thread or yarn.It is usually used on caps,hats,coats,blankets,dressingshirts,
+stockings and golf shirts.In the development of embroidery,to our suprise,there are no changes of materials or techniques which can be felt or explained from the primitive to the more refined stage. On the other hand,we find that such technical achivement and high standards in early works can barely be attained in later times.
+.景泰蓝(cloisonne)是一种起源于元代北京的独特艺术。在明代的景泰年间，非常钟情于青铜制造技术(bronze-casting techniques)的君王发展了色彩加工技术，并且创造了迎合东方审美的亮蓝色。在一次加工技术的突破之后，此君王的大部分日常用具都由景泰蓝制成。
+Cloisonne is a unique art that originated in Beijing in the Yuan Dynasty.In the period of Jingtai during the Ming Dynasty,the emperor who very appreciated bronze-casting techniques advanced color processing technology and created the bright blue that catered to the Oriental aesthetic sense.After a breakthrough of processing technology,most of the articles for his daily use were made of cloisonne.
+.用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁，主要由漆酚、漆酶、树胶质及水分构成。用它做涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆。
+Lacquer contains handiworks and articles for daily use whose surface are smeared with paint.Raw lacquer ,which is maily comprised of urushiol,laccase,tree resin and water,is excised from the lacquer natural SAP.As a kind of paint,raw lacquer has such special functions as resistant to moisture,high temperature,and corrosion.It also can be formulated with different colors.
+.一件玉雕就是一件艺术品，它的美，或在于形态，或在于色彩，或在于意境，也可能都包含在内，而意境是对玉器整体评价的一个非常重要的方面。创作要有意境，玉器形态要逼真写实才能出玉器精品。
+A jade carving is a work of art. Its beauty lies in its form, color, artistic conception or all, and artistic conception is a very important aspect of the overall evaluation of the jade. It is advisable to put the artistic conception into a jade ware,whose form should be a realistic representation and an image nature.Only in this way can we make high-quality jade ware.--[[User:Guan Qinqing|Guan Qinqing]] ([[User talk:Guan Qinqing|talk]]) 02:45, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Gui Yizhi 桂一枝==
+A.此后经过漫长的发展，湘绣逐渐将国画传统特点引入其中，从而形成了自身的独特风格。至清末民初(20世纪初期)，湘绣的发展达到鼎盛时期，甚至超越了苏绣，在中国刺绣业中独占鳌头。
+In its later development, Xiang Embroidery absorbed the characteristics of traditional Chinese paintings and formed its own unique characteristics. Xiang embroidery experienced its heyday at the end of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) and in the early Republic of China (early 20th century)， even surpassing Su embroidery. --[[User:Gui Yizhi|Gui Yizhi]] ([[User talk:Gui Yizhi|talk]]) 16:38, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+B.景泰蓝是中国的一种传统艺术品。因其在明朝景泰年间盛行，而且以蓝色为主，故而得名“景泰蓝”。
+Jing Tai Lan is a kind of Chinese traditional works of art. It got the name because it was very popular during the years of Jing Tai in the Ming Dynasty with blue as its main color.--[[User:Gui Yizhi|Gui Yizhi]] ([[User talk:Gui Yizhi|talk]]) 16:38, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+C.夏代之后，漆器品种渐多，在战国时期，漆器业独领风骚，形成长达5个世纪的空前繁荣。战国时漆器生产规模已经很大，被国家列入重要的经济收入来源，并设专人管理。
+After the Xia Dynasty, the variety of lacquerware increased, and the craft flourished for five centuries starting in the Warring States Period from 475 B. C.to 221 B. C. The scale of lacquerware production had already become very large in the Warring States Period. Lacquerware was one of the main economic resources of the time, and there were specific offcials in charge of its production.--[[User:Gui Yizhi|Gui Yizhi]] ([[User talk:Gui Yizhi|talk]]) 16:38, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+D.中国的印章篆刻始于古代，贯穿于整个秦朝。篆刻的印帝最初是作为皇帝的玉玺来使用的。皇家的印章被称为玺并且只能由皇室成员使用。
+Chinese seal carving first appeared in ancient times and was used throughout the Qin Dynasty. It was initially employed as an imperial seal. These imperial seal carvings named Xi were used only by the royalty.--[[User:Gui Yizhi|Gui Yizhi]] ([[User talk:Gui Yizhi|talk]]) 16:38, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Guo Lu 郭露==
+. 宋代时期崇尚刺绣服装的风气，已逐渐在民间广泛流行，这也促使了中国丝绣工艺的发展。The vogue of the embroidered clothings in Song Dynasty had gone popular among folks, which also promoted the development of the Chinese silk embroidery.
+As the vogue of wearing embroidered clothings gradually gained popularity among the folks in Song Dynasty, the silk embroidery in China has developed during that time.--[[User:Jiang Fengyi|Jiang Fengyi]] ([[User talk:Jiang Fengyi|talk]]) 05:52, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+.景泰蓝是一种中国传统的手工艺精品，其历史可追溯至600多年前。Cloisonne is a kind of Chinese traditional handicrafts, which history can be traced back to 600 years ago.
+Cloisonne is a kind of Chinese traditional handicrafts, whose history can be traced back to 600 years ago.--[[User:Jiang Fengyi|Jiang Fengyi]] ([[User talk:Jiang Fengyi|talk]]) 05:52, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+. 沈绍安乃福州人，善漆工。漆器之有脱胎，系其始创。Born in Fuzhou, Fujian province, Shen Shaoan was good at lacquering. And it was him who created the earliest bodiless lacquer.
+. 中国四川的乐山大佛是世界上最大的佛像雕刻。 它高达71米， 修建于唐代。
+The Giant Stone Buddha at Leshan Mountain in Sichuan, carved in the Tang Dynasty, is 71 metres high, making it the largest statue of Buddha in the world.
+Built in the Tang Dynasty, the Leshan Giant Buddha in the Sichuan province is 71 meters high, making it the largest sculpture of Buddha in the world.--[[User:Jiang Fengyi|Jiang Fengyi]] ([[User talk:Jiang Fengyi|talk]]) 05:52, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+--[[User:Guo Lu|Guo Lu]] ([[User talk:Guo Lu|talk]]) 02:45, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Ha, Thi Thu Hang==
+. Embroidery is done with colored silk thread in different stitches.There are many kinds of hand-embroidery.
+用不同针脚的彩色丝线绣制。手工刺绣有很多种。--[[User:HATHITHUHANG2|HATHITHUHANG2]] ([[User talk:HATHITHUHANG2|talk]]) 17:24, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+刺绣指的是将彩色丝线用不同针法绣制的工艺。手工刺绣有许多种类。--[[User:Guo Lu|Guo Lu]] ([[User talk:Guo Lu|talk]]) 02:55, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+. Base-hammering is the first step in the making of cloisonne
+基础锤打是景泰蓝制作的第一步。--[[User:HATHITHUHANG2|HATHITHUHANG2]] ([[User talk:HATHITHUHANG2|talk]]) 17:24, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+. Chinese lacquerware is elaborate in workmanship, elegant in appearance and harmonious in color.
+中国漆器做工精细，外观高雅，色彩和谐。--[[User:HATHITHUHANG2|HATHITHUHANG2]] ([[User talk:HATHITHUHANG2|talk]]) 17:24, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+. Wood carving was mostly limited to religious sculpture and architecture and furniture decoration in the past centuries.
+木雕过去主要限于宗教雕塑，建筑和家具装饰。--[[User:HATHITHUHANG2|HATHITHUHANG2]] ([[User talk:HATHITHUHANG2|talk]]) 17:24, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+==He Changqi 何长琦==
+.苏州一带盛产丝绸，民风又以细腻著称，苏绣因而大盛，苏绣有以针作画、巧夺天工的美名
+Suzhou is abundant in silk,and people here and in the surrounding areas are known for their meticulous work style. For those two reasons ,embroidery has developed quickly,with Suzhou embroidery gaining the reputation of "using needles to draw pictures with superb craft surpassing nature."
+.这项工艺始创于明代景泰年间（1450-1456），初创时的颜色主要是蓝色，所以称为“景泰蓝”。到了成化年间（1465-1487），景泰蓝技术进一步成熟，此期作品沉稳凝重又透明灵动。
+The making of cloisonne first appeared in Jingtai region(1450-1457) of the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644), with the main color used being blue,hence the name "Jingtai"or
+cloisonne as it became known later on.By the time of the Chenghua region（1465-1487），the techniques for making cloisonne were further developed,with products of this period looking heavy and dignified yet not lacking in eloquence or vividness.
+.漆器生产工序复杂，耗工耗时，漆器品种又特别繁多，不仅用于装饰家具，器皿，文具和艺术品，而且还应用于乐器，丧葬用具，兵器等。
+Lacquerware production is complicated and time-consuming. lacquerware is rich in variety and it can not only used to decorate furniture, utensils, stationery and artwork, but also used in Musical Instruments, funeral utensils, weapons and so on.
+.在中国，木雕主要分成三个类别：建筑雕刻、家具雕刻和艺术品雕刻。中国的木雕以其令人印象深刻的细致构造和主题之美受到了全世界的欣赏.
+In China, caving contains three categories: building caving,furniture caving and handcraft caving.Chinese caving has impressed the world by its delicate structure and meaningful themes,thus gaining appreciation around the global.
+--[[User:He Changqi|He Changqi]] ([[User talk:He Changqi|talk]]) 02:38, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+In China, wood carving contains three categories: building carving, furniture carving and handcraft carving. Chinese wood caving has impressed the world by its delicate structure and meaningful themes, thus gaining appreciation around the global. --[[User:Chen Han|Chen Han]] ([[User talk:Chen Han|talk]]) 06:36, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Hu Baihui 胡百辉==
+.景泰蓝，北京著名的汉族传统手工艺品，距今已有600多年的历史。
+Cloisonne, a famous traditional handicraft of Han nationality in Beijing, has a history of more than 600 years.
+.用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。
+The daily utensils, handicrafts and fine arts made by painting on the surface of various utensils are generally called "lacquerware".
+.木工，是一门工艺，一门独有的技术，也是建筑常用的技术。
+Carpentry is a craft, a unique technology, and also a common technology in architecture.
+Carpentry is not only a  craft which is regarded as an unique technology, and also a common technique in architecture.--[[User:He Changqi|He Changqi]] ([[User talk:He Changqi|talk]]) 07:01, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+.刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，在中国至少有二三千年历史。
+Embroidery is one of the traditional Chinese folk crafts, which has a history of at least two or three thousand years in China.--[[User:Hu Baihui|Hu Baihui]] ([[User talk:Hu Baihui|talk]]) 02:15, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+With a history of more than 2000 to 3000 years, Embroidery is known as one of the traditional Chinese folk crafts.--[[User:He Changqi|He Changqi]] ([[User talk:He Changqi|talk]]) 07:01, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Hu Jin 胡瑾==
+.刺绣（Embroidery）是中国艺术的一颗璀璨明珠,在秦汉时期就已达到较高的水平.它是一门传统工艺,有各种样式,广泛分布于中国的各个地区.
+Embroidery is a brilliant pearl of Chinese art,which had already reached a high level in the Qin and Han dynasties. Embroidery is a traditional craft with diverse styles,which spread over the different regions of China.
+. 景泰蓝又称"铜胎掐丝珐琅"，是一种中国传统的手工艺精品。它以细扁铜丝作线条，在铜制的胎地上捏出各种图案花纹，再将五彩珐琅点填在花纹内，经烧制、磨平、镀金而成。
+Cloisonné, which is also called copper padding thread weaving enamel, is a kind of Chinese traditional handicrafts. The manufacture of cloisonné ware requires an elaborate and complicated process, namely, base-hammering, copper-wire curving, soldering, polishing, and gilding, ect.
+.漆器一般鬓朱饰黑，或鬓黑饰朱，以优美的图案在器物表面构成一个绚丽的彩色世界。
+Lacquerware was, however, usually coated black and decorated with red de-signs or coated red and decorated with black designs.
+Lacquerware is generally decorated with black on the vermilion temples, or decorated with cinnabar on the black temples, and forms a gorgeous colorful world on the surface of the ware with beautiful patterns.--[[User:Zou Xinyu2|Zou Xinyu2]] ([[User talk:Zou Xinyu2|talk]]) 10:06, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Zou Xinyu
+.很多陶塑、骨雕、石刻作品都是多元的艺术作品形态，其中很多作品甚至到了炉火纯青的阶段，体现了精神的艺术水准。
+Many pottery sculptures, bone carvings and stone carvings are equipped with diversified forms of artistic works, many of which have even reached the perfect stage, reflecting the spiritual artistic level.--[[User:Hu Jin|Hu Jin]] ([[User talk:Hu Jin|talk]]) 07:50, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Jiang Fengyi 蒋凤仪==
+刺绣作为一个地域广泛的手工艺品，在各个国家、民族通过长期的积累和发展，都有其自身的优势。
+As a kind of  handicraft spreading through a wide geographical area, embroidery has been long developed in many nations and ethnic groups, by which they all bear their own edge.
+景泰蓝，中国的著名特种金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺制作达到了最巅峰，制作出的工艺最为精美而闻名。
+Cloisonne, one of the famous special  metal crafts, whose producing technology reach its peak in the Jingtan Years in the Ming Dynasty, has a great reputation  for its delicacy.
+明代时期的工艺美术跨入新的阶段，官方设厂专制御制用的各种漆器，并由著名的漆艺家管理。
+In the Ming Dynasty, industrial art has walked into a new phrase, during which the government set up factories to make lacquerware that were  provided only for the royalty and appointed craftsmen to take charge of them.
+工艺师在制作过程中，根据不同玉料的天然颜色和自然形状，经过精心设计、反复琢磨，才能把玉石雕成精美的工艺品。
+Based on the original colors and shapes of different raw jade materials,  the craftsman needs go through  a process of precise design and repeated consideration, and then they could  made the jade materials into artistic handworks--[[User:Jiang Fengyi|Jiang Fengyi]] ([[User talk:Jiang Fengyi|talk]]) 05:32, 12 October 2020 (UTC).
+==Jiang Qiwei 蒋淇玮==
+.刺绣是针线在织物上绣制的各种装饰图案的总称，也是一种民间传统手工艺，在中国至少有两千年历史，分为丝线刺绣和羽毛刺绣两种。中国刺绣主要有苏绣、湘绣、蜀绣和粤绣四大门类，技法有乱针绣、挑花等，用途主要包括生活和艺术装饰，如服装、床上用品、舞台、艺术品装饰。
+Embroidery is a kind of traditional folk handcraft of decorating fabric with needles and thread. With a history of about two thousand years, it can be classified into silk embroidery and feather embroidery. Chinese embroidery comprises four kinds, namely Suzhou embroidery, Hunan embroidery, Sichuan embroidery, and Guangdong embroidery, and boasts several techniques, covering crewel embroidery, cross-stitch work and so on. Embroidery is mainly found in life and art decoration, including clothes, beddings, stage, and artworks.
+.景泰蓝是中国的著名特种金属工艺品之一，属于国家级非物质文化遗产。 因其使用的珐琅釉多以蓝色为主，故名。以其悠久的历史、典雅优美的造型、鲜艳夺目的色彩、华丽多姿的图案、繁多的品种造型著名。
+Cloisonne is one of the famed and special metal handicrafts in China, which is national intangible cultural heritage. Named after the blue enamel it mainly adopts, it is well-known for its long history, ornate patterns and various designs.
+.漆器是指用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等。 漆器有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，中国从新石器时代起就认识了漆的性能并用以制器，历经商周直至明清，中国的漆器工艺不断发展，达到了相当高的水平。
+Lacquerware refers to the daily ware, crafts and artworks whose surfaces are painted with lacquer. It has the characteristics of moisture resistance, high-temperature resistance, and corrosion prevention. Since the neolithic age, Chinese people have been awared of the quality of lacquer and employed it to make ware. From Shang and Zhou Dynasties to Ming and Qing Dynasties, the lacquer craft has been developing continuously and reached a high level.
+.雕刻指用工具削去材料的一部分以塑造出特定的形状。这项技艺适用于所有能被工具打磨，且被削去部分后仍能维持形态的固体。作为制作雕塑的一种方法，雕刻与其他方法有所不同，因为其他方法采用柔软且有延展性的材料，如粘土和玻璃液。这些材料能在其柔软的时候塑形，之后变硬定型。相较之下，雕刻要费工得多。
+Carving is the act of using tools to shape something from a material by scraping away portions of that material. The technique can be applied to any material that is solid enough to hold a form even when pieces have been removed from it, and yet soft enough for portions to be scraped away with available tools. Carving, as a means for making sculpture, is distinct from methods using soft and malleable materials like clay or melted glass, which may be shaped into the desired forms while soft and then harden into that form. Carving tends to require much more work than methods using malleable materials.--[[User:Jiang Qiwei|Jiang Qiwei]] ([[User talk:Jiang Qiwei|talk]]) 06:36, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Kang Haoyu 康浩宇==
+原来绣这璎珞的也是个姑苏女子，名唤慧娘。因她亦是书香宦门之家，她原精于书画，不过偶然绣一两件针线作耍，并非市卖之物。凡这屏上所绣的花卉，皆仿的是唐、宋、元、明各名家的折枝花卉。
+It turned out that the one who the embroidered the wreaths called Huiniang, also a Suzhou woman. Grew up in a literary and prominent family as well, she used to be proficient in calligraphy and paintings and did some embroideries occasionally just for pleasure instead of sale. All the flowers embroidered on the cloth are imitations of great painters' works of Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties.--[[User:Kang Haoyu|Kang Haoyu]] ([[User talk:Kang Haoyu|talk]]) 07:19, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+It turned out that the one who embroidered the wreaths called Huiniang, also a girl from Suzhou. Raised up in a literary and prominent family, she used to be proficient in calligraphy and paintings and did some embroideries occasionally just for pleasure instead of sale. All the flowers embroidered on the cloth are imitations of great painters' works of Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties.--[[User:Liu Yiyu|Liu Yiyu]] ([[User talk:Liu Yiyu|talk]]) 05:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Liu Yiyu
+中国有句很有哲理的老话，“他山之石，可以攻玉”，即使这种以金属为胎填敷珐琅釉料烧制而成的作品是舶来品，但在中华民族博大精深的艺术土壤上，也很快就融会了中华民族的传统风格，成为中国工艺美术史上一颗璀璨的明珠。
+There is a very philosophical old saying in China, "A stone from another mountain can attack jade". Even if this work, made by filling enamel glaze with metal as a tire and then getting fired, is imported from elsewhere, it quickly melts the traditional style of the Chinese nation in the profound artistic soil of the Chinese nation and becomes a bright pearl in the history of Chinese arts and crafts.--[[User:Kang Haoyu|Kang Haoyu]] ([[User talk:Kang Haoyu|talk]]) 07:19, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+There is a very philosophical old saying in China, "A stone from another mountain can attack jade". Even if this work, made by filling enamel glaze with metal as a tire and then getting fired, is imported from elsewhere, it quickly melts itself into the traditional style of the Chinese nation in the profound artistic soil of the Chinese nation and becomes a bright pearl in the history of Chinese arts and crafts.--[[User:Liu Yiyu|Liu Yiyu]] ([[User talk:Liu Yiyu|talk]]) 05:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Liu Yiyu
+一号墓出土了大量陪葬用漆器，如杯、盘、化妆盒等，杯盘内底上写有“君幸食”、“君幸酒”字样，还有注明器物容量的。外表光亮如新，可见汉初漆器制造工业水平较发达。
+A large number of lacquerwares for burial, such as cups, plates, cosmetic boxes, etc., were unearthed from Tomb No.1. The words such as "君幸食"(eat well) and "君幸酒"(drink well) were written on the inner bottom of the cups and plates .There were also indicators of the capacity of utensils. The appearance of these lacquerwares is bright as new, which shows that the lacquerware manufacturing industry in the early Han Dynasty is relatively developed.--[[User:Kang Haoyu|Kang Haoyu]] ([[User talk:Kang Haoyu|talk]]) 07:19, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+木雕种类纷繁复杂，各大流派经过数百年的发展，形成各自独特的工艺风格，享誉全国。
+There are many kinds of woodcarving. After hundreds of years of development, each major school has formed its own unique craft style, which is well-known throughout the country.--[[User:Kang Haoyu|Kang Haoyu]] ([[User talk:Kang Haoyu|talk]]) 07:19, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Lei Fangyuan 雷方圆==
+.刺绣在中国已有几千年的历史，是中国传统手工艺上的璀璨星光。我国刺绣主要分为湘绣、苏绣、蜀绣和越绣四类。
+Embroidery has a history of thousands of years in China, which is the bright star of Chinese traditional crafts.Chinese embroidery is mainly divided into four types:Xiang Xiu, Su Xiu, Shu Xiu and Yue Xiu.--[[User:Lei Fangyuan|Lei Fangyuan]] ([[User talk:Lei Fangyuan|talk]]) 01:24, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+Embroidery,with a history of thousands of years in China, is the bright star of traditional Chinese crafts. Chinese embroideryis mainly divided into four types:Hunan embroidery,Suzhou embroidery, Sichuan embroidery and Guangdong embroidery.--[[User:Zeng Liang|Zeng Liang]] ([[User talk:Zeng Liang|talk]]) 07:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.在这个具有五千年悠久历史的国度里，涌现着一批批能工巧匠，他们将自己智慧的结晶，化作一件件精美绝伦的工艺品流传于世。景泰蓝便是这批工艺品中一颗璀璨的明珠，熠熠生辉。
+In this country with a long history of five thousand years, there emerged a batch of skilled craftsmen who turn the crystallization of their wisdom into pieces of exquisite crafts and handed it down in the world. Cloisonne is a bright pearl in this batch of crafts, shining.--[[User:Lei Fangyuan|Lei Fangyuan]] ([[User talk:Lei Fangyuan|talk]]) 02:05, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+In this country with a long history of five thousand years, there emeged a batch of skilled craftsmen who turned the crystallization of their wisdom into pieces of exquisite crafts and handed it down in the world. Cloisonne is a bright pearl in this batch of crafts,shining brilliantly.--[[User:Zeng Liang|Zeng Liang]] ([[User talk:Zeng Liang|talk]]) 07:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+In this country with a long history of five thousand years,there emerged batches of skilled craftsmen who turned their wisdom into pieces of exquisite crafts and handed them down in the world. Cloisonne, as a bright pearl, shines in this batch of crafts.--[[User:Zhang Yu|Zhang Yu]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yu|talk]]) 07:40, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+.中国是漆器的发源地，早在七千多年前，人们已经开始在漆树中采割乳液。生漆的主要成分是漆酚、漆酶、蛋白质和水。这些物质同漆树一同生长。温度、光照、湿度，哪怕再细微的变化都有可能让生漆的成分发生变化。
+China is the birthplace of lacquerware, as early as more than seven thousand years ago, people began to cut emulsions from lacquer trees. The main components of raw lacquer are urushiol, laccase, protein and water. These substances grow with lacquer trees. Temperature, light, humidity, even if the slightest change may make the composition of raw lacquer change.--[[User:Lei Fangyuan|Lei Fangyuan]] ([[User talk:Lei Fangyuan|talk]]) 02:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+China is the birthplace of lacquerware. As early as more than seven thousand years ago, people began to cut emulsions from lacquer trees. The main components of raw lacquer are urushiol, laccase, protein and water. These substances grow with lacquer trees. Temperature, light, humidity, even if the slightest change may make the composition of raw lacquer change.--[[User:Zeng Liang|Zeng Liang]] ([[User talk:Zeng Liang|talk]]) 07:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Lei Kuangxi 雷旷溪==
+、随着蚕丝的使用，丝织品的产生与发展，刺绣工艺也逐渐兴起，宋代时期崇尚刺绣服装的风气，已逐渐在民间广泛流行，这也促使了中国丝绣工艺的发展。
+With the use of Silk, the emergence and development of Silk Fabrics, as well as the embroidery technology has gradually arisen, Song Dynasty advocate the embroidered clothing,it has gradually popular among the people, which also prompted the development of Chinese silk embroidery process.
+With the use of natural silk, the emergence and development of silk fabrics, embroidery has gradually risen. Wearing embroidery clothes is  prevailing in Song Dynasty ,and has a widespread popularity among its people, which has prompted the development of Chinese silk embroidery as well.--[[User:Gui Yizhi|Gui Yizhi]] ([[User talk:Gui Yizhi|talk]]) 03:36, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+、景泰蓝诞生于皇宫，是皇家重要的组成部分，是皇宫大殿的主要陈设，亦是镇殿之宝。
+Cloisonne was born in the palace, which is an important part of the Royal Palace and the main decoration of the palace.it is also the town hall treasure.
+、漆器一般指涂以透明或不透明漆的某些木制或陶瓷、金属物件。中国古代漆器的漆，是从漆树上采割下来的天然液汁。
+Lacquerware generally refers to certain wood or ceramic or metal objects coated with transparent or opaque lacquer. The lacquer of Chinese ancient lacquerware is the natural juice cut from the lacquer tree.
+、细雕在玉雕工艺中就是对粗雕的玉器进行精细修饰。这是使玉雕作品进一步完美和增添神采的过程。在这一过程中需要对玉器的许多细部进行雕琢。
+Fine carving in the jade carving process is the fine modification of the rough carved jade ware. This is to further perfect the jade carving work and add to the process. In this process, many details of the jade articles need to be carved.--[[User:Lei kuangxi|Lei kuangxi]] ([[User talk:Lei kuangxi|talk]]) 14:32, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Lei kuangxi
+==Li Lili 李丽丽==
+.刺绣是用针和线把人的设计和制作添加在任何存在的织物上的一种艺术。刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，在中国至少有二三千年历史。
+Embroidery is the art adding human design and production to any fabric that exits with needles and threads. It is one of the traditional Chinese folk crafts, which has a history of at least two or three thousand years in China.--[[User:Li LIli|Li LIli]] ([[User talk:Li LIli|talk]]) 07:50, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili
+Embroidery is the art which adds human design and production to any fabric by using needles and threads. It is one of the traditional Chinese folk crafts, which has a history of at least two or three thousand years in China.--[[User:Gao Mingzhu|Gao Mingzhu]] ([[User talk:Gao Mingzhu|talk]]) 14:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu
+.景泰蓝有着很悠久的发展史，然而因现有文献记载不足，缺少早期有可靠年款的制品为断代依据，所以至今没有定论。
+Cloisonne has a very long history of development, however, due to the lack of existing documents and reliable early model products as the basis for dating, so there is still no final conclusion.--[[User:Li LIli|Li LIli]] ([[User talk:Li LIli|talk]]) 07:50, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili--[[User:Gao Mingzhu|Gao Mingzhu]] ([[User talk:Gao Mingzhu|talk]]) 14:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu
+.用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。
+The daily utensils, handicrafts and fine arts made by painting lacquer on the surface of various utensils are generally called "lacquerware".--[[User:Li LIli|Li LIli]] ([[User talk:Li LIli|talk]]) 07:50, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili
+The daily utensils, handicrafts and fine arts made by painting lacquer on their surface are generally called "lacquerware".--[[User:Gao Mingzhu|Gao Mingzhu]] ([[User talk:Gao Mingzhu|talk]]) 14:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu
+.一个雕刻完成的作品可以被称为雕刻，但雕塑一词通常被用来指具有严肃艺术意涵或美学意涵的作品。
+The carved works can be called sculpture, but the term sculpture is often used to refer to the works with serious artistic or aesthetic implications.--[[User:Li LIli|Li LIli]] ([[User talk:Li LIli|talk]]) 07:50, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili
+A finished work of sculpture may be called sculpture, but the term sculpture is often used to refer to a work of serious artistic or aesthetic significance.--[[User:Zhu Xu|Zhu Xu]] ([[User talk:Zhu Xu|talk]]) 13:40, 1 November 2020 (UTC)
+==Li Liqin 李丽琴==
+. 刺绣是我国优秀的民族传统工艺之一。明朝封建王朝的宫廷绣工规模很大，民间刺绣也得到进一步发展，先后产生了苏绣、粤绣、湘绣、蜀绣，号称“四大名绣”。
+Embroidery is a splendid traditional craft in China. During the Ming Dynasty, the embroidery scale in the imperial court is large, and folk embroidery witnessed further development. Su embroidery, Yue embroidery, Xiang embroidery and Shu embroidery emerged successively, known as the four prominent embroidery products. --[[User:Li Liqin|Li Liqin]] ([[User talk:Li Liqin|talk]]) 05:57, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+Embroidery is a splendid traditional national craft in China. In the Ming Dynasty, the embroidery scale in the imperial court was large, and the folk embroidery enjoyed further development. Su embroidery, Yue embroidery, Xiang embroidery and Shu embroidery emerged successively, known as the Four Famous Embroideries.--[[User:Guan Qinqing|Guan Qinqing]] ([[User talk:Guan Qinqing|talk]]) 05:17, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+. 景泰蓝在明朝景泰年间盛行，又因其使用的珐琅釉多以蓝色为主，故而得名“景泰蓝”。于2006年入选首批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。作为一种宫廷艺术，景泰蓝是明清宫中高贵的装饰艺术品，是皇室权力与地位的象征。
+The name of cloisonné comes from the facts that, it gained popularity during the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty and the enamel glaze used was mostly blue. In 2006, it was included in the first national intangible cultural heritage list. As a court art, it is a noble decorative art in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, as well as a symbol of royal power and status. --[[User:Li Liqin|Li Liqin]] ([[User talk:Li Liqin|talk]]) 05:57, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+. 大约在七千多年前，我们的祖先就已经能制造漆器了。在战国时期，漆器业独领风骚，形成长达五个世纪的空前繁荣。
+Our ancestors were able to produce lacquerware more than 7000 years ago. In the Warring States Period, lacquerware industry took the lead and its unprecedented prosperity lasted 500 years. --[[User:Li Liqin|Li Liqin]] ([[User talk:Li Liqin|talk]]) 05:57, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+Our ancestors were able to produce lacquerware more than 7000 years ago. In the Warring States Period, lacquerware industry took the lead and enjoyed a 5000-year-long prosperity.--[[User:He Changqi|He Changqi]] ([[User talk:He Changqi|talk]]) 06:48, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+. 我国木雕艺术源远流长。木雕刚开始是一种不自觉的行为，直到人们有了审美，才真正成为一门艺术。2008年6月7日，木雕经国务院批准列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。
+China’s wood carving runs a long history. Wood carving began as an involuntary act, and it didn’t become an art until people can observe things aesthetically. On June 7, 2008, it was approved by the State Council to be included in the second list of national intangible cultural heritage.--[[User:Li Liqin|Li Liqin]] ([[User talk:Li Liqin|talk]]) 05:57, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Liu Liu 刘柳==
+.心灵手巧的苏州绣娘们，以针代笔，积丝累线，通过一针一线，花上数天或数年的时间，绣出形神兼备、配色秀雅、色泽文静的作品。
+It takes days or even years for ingenious female embroider of Suzhou to embroider works with the unity of form and spirit,elegant color and delicate luster stitch by stitch.
+.在这个具有五千年悠久历史的国度里，涌现着一批批能工巧匠，他们将自己智慧的结晶，化作一件件精妙绝伦的工艺品流传于世。
+Numbers of skillful craftsmen have emerged in China,a country with five thousand years of history.They have created plenty of magnificent artwares with their wisdom all over the world.
+.如果说瓷器像茉莉花一样清新高雅，那么景泰蓝一定像美艳的牡丹高贵大气，虽然它们各有千秋，但不同于瓷器的是景泰蓝的制作工序更为复杂，造型也更多变。
+Porcelain is as fresh and exquisite as jasmine,while cloisonné is as gorgeous and noble as peony.Although each has its own merits,unlike porcelain,it’s more complicated to make cloisonné and it’s more varied in shape.
+.玉雕是中国独有的技艺，具有悠久的发展历史和鲜明的时代特征，不同的朝代，玉雕有着不同的造型与特色。
+As a unique craft in China,jade carving is of great antiquity and of distinctive characters of the times.It shows different shape and feature in different dynasties.--[[User:Liu Liu|Liu Liu]] ([[User talk:Liu Liu|talk]]) 03:15, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Liu Ou 刘欧==
+.湘绣与苏绣、蜀绣、粤绣齐名，为中国四大名绣之一。
+Xiang (Hu Nan) Embroidery was regarded as one of the four famous embroidery in China, the others being Su (Su Zhou) Embroidery, Shu (Si Chuan) Embroidery and Yue (Guang Dong) Embroidery.
+Xiang (Hunan) Embroidery was regarded as one of the four famous embroidery in China, the others being Su (Jiangsu) Embroidery, Shu (Sichuan) Embroidery and Yue (Guangdong) Embroidery.--[[User:Liu Ou|Liu Ou]] ([[User talk:Liu Ou|talk]]) 03:39, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+.景泰蓝是最具北京特色的传统手工艺之一。
+Cloisonne is one of the traditional handcrafts featured with Beijing flavor.
+.漆器制作非常费时。
+Lacquerware takes plent of time to make.
+Lacquerware takes plenty of time to make.--[[User:Chen Jingjing|Chen Jingjing]] ([[User talk:Chen Jingjing|talk]]) 10:12, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing
+.木雕工序异常繁杂，足足有8道工序，最难的就是绘制图案。
+The eight procedures of carving making are extraordinary complicated，among which the most difficult is drawing the pattern.--[[User:Liu Ou|Liu Ou]] ([[User talk:Liu Ou|talk]]) 11:46, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.景泰蓝是最具北京特色的传统手工艺之一。
+Cloisonné is one of the most distinctive traditional handicrafts of Beijing. --[[User:Zhang Weihong|Zhang Weihong]] ([[User talk:Zhang Weihong|talk]]) 15:01, 10 October 2020 (UTC) Zhang Weihong
+.漆器制作非常费时。
+The production of lacquerware is time-consuming.  --[[User:Zhang Weihong|Zhang Weihong]] ([[User talk:Zhang Weihong|talk]]) 15:01, 10 October 2020 (UTC) Zhang Weihong
+==Liu Yi 刘艺==
+.刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，在中国至少有二三千年历史。中国刺绣主要有苏绣、湘绣、蜀绣和粤绣四大门类。
+.Embroidery is one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts, with a history of at least two to three thousand years in China. There are four main categories of Chinese embroidery: Suzhou embroidery, Hunan embroidery, Sichuan embroidery and Guangdong embroidery.--[[User:Liu Yi|Liu Yi]] ([[User talk:Liu Yi|talk]]) 15:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+.Embroidery is one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts, which has a history of at least two to three thousand years in China. Chinese embroidery mainly includes Su embroidery, Xiang embroidery, Shu embroidery and Yue embroidery.--[[User:Ding Daifeng|Ding Daifeng]] ([[User talk:Ding Daifeng|talk]]) 14:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。关于景泰蓝的起源，考古界没有统一的答案。一种观点认为景泰蓝诞生于唐代。
+.Beijing is the birthplace of China's cloisonne and the most important place of production. About the origin of cloisonne, there is no unified answer in the archaeological world. One view is that cloisonne was born in the Tang Dynasty.--[[User:Liu Yi|Liu Yi]] ([[User talk:Liu Yi|talk]]) 15:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+. Beijing is the birthplace of cloisonne in China and the most important producing area. There is no unified answer in the archaeological world to the origin of cloisonne. One view holds that cloisonne originated in the Tang Dynasty.--[[User:Ding Daifeng|Ding Daifeng]] ([[User talk:Ding Daifeng|talk]]) 14:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+.中国古代漆器的工艺，早在新石器时代就已经出现，夏代的漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀.
+.The craftsmanship of ancient Chinese lacquerware has appeared as early as the Neolithic Age. The lacquerware of the Xia Dynasty was used not only in daily life, but also in sacrifices.--[[User:Liu Yi|Liu Yi]] ([[User talk:Liu Yi|talk]]) 15:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+. The craft of lacquerware in ancient China appeared as early as the Neolithic Age. Lacquerware in the Xia Dynasty was not only for daily use, but also for sacrifice.--[[User:Ding Daifeng|Ding Daifeng]] ([[User talk:Ding Daifeng|talk]]) 14:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+.总之，刀法就是雕刻家用来体现自己创作构思的技术手法，也是形象地揭示艺术内容的手段。
+.To conclude, the knife technique is a kind of skill used by the sculptor to show his creative ideas, and it is also a means to reveal the artistic content vividly.--[[User:Liu Yi|Liu Yi]] ([[User talk:Liu Yi|talk]]) 15:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+.In a word, knife cutting is the technique used by sculptors to embody their creative ideas, and it is also a means to vividly reveal the artistic content.--[[User:Ding Daifeng|Ding Daifeng]] ([[User talk:Ding Daifeng|talk]]) 14:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Liu Yiyu 刘怡瑜==
+在原始社会，人们用纹身、纹面来进行装饰。自从有了麻布、毛纺织品、丝织品，有了衣服，人们就开始在衣服上刺绣图腾等各式纹样。
+In primitive society, people used tattoos for ornament. Since the advent of linen, woolen textiles, silk fabrics, and clothes, people began to embroider totems and other patterns on clothes.
+People in the primitive society used tattoos for decorations. But with the advent of linen, woolen textiles, silk fabrics, and clothes, people began to embroider totems and other patterns on clothes.--[[User:Li LIli|Li LIli]] ([[User talk:Li LIli|talk]]) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili
+清代初期的景泰蓝缺乏独创性，无论造型、色彩和装饰大都沿袭了明代的风格。
+For lack of originality, the cloisonne in the early Qing Dynasty, with most of its shapes, colors and decorations was handed down from those of the Ming Dynasty.
+The cloisonne in the early Qing Dynasty, in the absence of originality, followed the style of the Ming Dynasty in terms of its shapes, colors and decorations.--[[User:Li LIli|Li LIli]] ([[User talk:Li LIli|talk]]) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili
+明代时期的工艺美术跨入新的阶段，官方设厂专制御用的各种漆器，并由著名的漆艺家管理。除了官设的漆器厂外，民间漆器生产也遍及大江南北。
+The arts and crafts of the Ming Dynasty made a breakthrough, and the government set up factories to exclusively manufacture various lacquerware for the royal use, and the factories were managed by celebrated lacquer artists. Besides the official lacquerware factories, folk lacquerware production also spreads across the country.
+The arts and crafts of the Ming Dynasty entered a new stage:the government set up factories to manufacture various lacquerware exclusively for the royal, which were managed by celebrated lacquer artists. Besides the official lacquerware factories, folk ones also were scattered across China.--[[User:Li LIli|Li LIli]] ([[User talk:Li LIli|talk]]) 09:59, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili
+中国历代修建的石塔甚多，其中运用石雕刻艺术装饰者常见，而在寺观内的塔中石雕刻内容多与各种宗教文化有关。
+In the past, there were many stone towers in China. Towers with stone cravings decoration are common, and in temples, the carvings on the towers are mostly related to diverse religious cultures.--[[User:Liu Yiyu|Liu Yiyu]] ([[User talk:Liu Yiyu|talk]]) 04:57, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Liu Yiyu
+There were many stone towers through Chinese dynasties, of which towers with stone cravings decoration were common. And the carvings on  wall of the towers in the temples were mostly related to diverse religious cultures.--[[User:Li LIli|Li LIli]] ([[User talk:Li LIli|talk]]) 09:59, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili
+==Lou Cancan 娄灿灿==
+  苏绣是流传于苏州及其周边地区的民间刺绣工艺，形成于三国时期，与粤绣、湘绣、蜀绣并称中国四大名绣，至今已有2000余年的历史。明清时期，苏绣开始成熟并且逐渐形成了精细、雅洁的风格，它的传承完整且没有断代。
+Su Embroidery used to be a popular folk craft in the Yangtze River area around Suzhou City. Together with Yue, Xiang, and Shu embroideries, they are called the Four Famous Embroideries of China. Emerged in the Three Kingdoms Period, Su Embroidery has a history of more than 2000 years. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, it prospered and generally developed its delicate and elegant styles. The legacy of Su Embroidery is consistent without any discontinuities.--[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 12:11, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+  景泰蓝（Cloisonne），中国的著名特种金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺技术制作达到了最巅峰，这一期间制作出的工艺品最为精美，故后人称这种金属器为“景泰蓝”。
+Cloisonne is one of China's famous special metal handiworks. This kind of craft reached its peak in the Jingtai period of the Ming dynasty when craftsmen produced the most exquisite cloisonnes, so the later generations called this kind of metal ware "Cloisonne".--[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 12:11, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+Cloisonne, one of the famous special metal handicrafts in China, reached its peak during the Jingtai period of Ming Dynasty, and the handicrafts produced during this period were the most exquisite, so it was later called "cloisonne".--[[User:Kang Haoyu|Kang Haoyu]] ([[User talk:Kang Haoyu|talk]]) 07:26, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+  漆器起源于中国，千百年来一直与中国人的生活息息相关，从王侯贵族到平民百姓，漆器始终是生活的日用器物。
+Lacquerware originate in China and have been closely related to the life of Chinese people for thousands of years. From the aristocratic to common people, lacquerware have always been daily-used articles.--[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 12:11, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+Lacquerware originated in China and has been closely related to the lives of Chinese people for thousands of years. From princes and nobles to common people, lacquerware has always been a daily utensil of life.--[[User:WuQiong|WuQiong]] ([[User talk:WuQiong|talk]]) 14:57, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+  众所周知，玉雕是中国最古老的雕刻品种之一。早在新石器时代晚期，中华民族就有了玉制工具。商周时期，制玉成为一种专业，玉器是礼仪用具和装饰佩件。在中国古代，玉被当作美好品物的标志和德行的象征。
+It is universally acknowledged by the world that jade carving (玉雕) is one of the oldest carving arts in China. Crude jade tools appeared in China as early as in the late Neolithic Age (新石器时代). And in the primitive society, our ancestries began to make manufacturing jade tools such as knife, shovel, ax and lance and the jade ornaments. Jade carving became an industry in the Shang (商) (16th century BC- 11th century BC) and Zhou (周) (11th BC- 221 BC) dynasties. Jade wares were used in rituals or as decorative pendants. In ancient China, jade was also regarded as a symbol of refinement and moral ethics.  --[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 12:11, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Lo, Minh Thao==
+==Luo Weijia 罗维嘉==
+.苏绣已有2000多年的历史，是中国艺术史与民俗历上一种重要的手艺形式。作为中国传统民间艺术的代表，以针法多样、图案秀丽、色彩高雅以及工艺精湛而闻名。
+Su embroidery already has a history more than 2,000 years and is an important form of handicraft in the history of Chinese art and folk custom. As a representative of Chinese traditional folk arts，it is famous for its variety of stitches, beautiful patterns, elegant colors, and consummate craftsmanship.--[[User:Luo Weijia|Luo Weijia]] ([[User talk:Luo Weijia|talk]]) 02:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.古时，景泰蓝技艺大部分用于衣服上的珠宝及小配件、武器或是一些几何纹饰的小物件上。
+In antiquity, the cloisonné technique was mostly used for jewelry and small fittings for clothes, weapons or similar small objects decorated with geometric designs.--[[User:Luo Weijia|Luo Weijia]] ([[User talk:Luo Weijia|talk]]) 02:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.中国商朝时期，精湛的漆器公益发展成为一项极具艺术性的技艺。
+During the Shang dynasty of China, sophisticated lacquer process techniques developed into a highly artistic craft.--[[User:Luo Weijia|Luo Weijia]] ([[User talk:Luo Weijia|talk]]) 02:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+During the Shang Dynasty（B.C 1600-B.C 1046）, the exquisite lacquer ware developed into an artistic craft.--[[User:Wu Yilu|Wu Yilu]] ([[User talk:Wu Yilu|talk]]) 11:56, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.木雕的制作已被广泛应用，但因其易腐朽、遭虫害和火灾，远不如石雕和铜雕那样保存完好。
+The making of sculpture in wood has been extremely widely practised, but survives much less well than stone and bronze sculptures, as it is vulnerable to decay, insect damage, and fire. --[[User:Luo Weijia|Luo Weijia]] ([[User talk:Luo Weijia|talk]]) 02:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Luo Yuqing 罗雨晴==
+.四大名绣形成于十九世纪中叶，它的产生除了本身的艺术特点外，另一个重要原因就是绣品商业化的结果。由于市场需求和刺绣产地的不同，刺绣工艺品作为一种商品开始形成了各自的地方特色，其中苏、蜀、粤、湘四个地方的产品销路尤广，故有"四大名绣"之称。
+“The four famous embroideries"  was formed in the middle of the 19th century. In addition to its own artistic characteristics,  the commercialization of embroidery is another important reason  . Due to the different market demand and its places of origin, embroidery crafts as a kind of commodity have formed their own local features. Among them, Su, Shu, Yue and Xiang (Suzhou Province，Sichuan Province, Guangdong Province and Hunan Province) have a wide market in that they are called "four famous embroidery".--[[User:Luo Yuqing|Luo Yuqing]] ([[User talk:Luo Yuqing|talk]]) 13:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.如果说瓷器像茉莉花一样清新高雅，那么景泰蓝一定是美艳的牡丹花高贵大气，虽然他们各有千秋，但不同于瓷器的是景泰蓝的制作工序更为复杂，造型也更多变。
+If porcelain is as fresh and elegant as jasmine, cloisonne must be a beautiful peony with noble atmosphere. Although both of them have their own merits, cloisonne has more complex production process and more changeable shapes than porcelain does.--[[User:Luo Yuqing|Luo Yuqing]] ([[User talk:Luo Yuqing|talk]]) 13:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.漆器一般指涂以透明或不透明漆的某些木制、陶瓷或金属物件。中国古代漆器的漆，是从漆树上采割下来的天然液汁。漆树产于中国，约10年树龄可割取树液做为生漆。
+Lacquer ware generally refers to some wooden, ceramic and metal objects coated with transparent or opaque paint. The lacquer of ancient Chinese lacquerware is the natural juice collected from lacquer tree. Lacquer tree is produced in China and  it can be harvested from the sap of nearly ten-years-old trees as raw lacquer.--[[User:Luo Yuqing|Luo Yuqing]] ([[User talk:Luo Yuqing|talk]]) 13:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.传统雕刻即以手工的方式运用刀、斧等工具在木材、石材等基料上进行艺术创作。现代雕刻根据工具和方法的不同可分为化学蚀刻、电蚀刻、手工雕刻、激光雕刻、标记雕刻、机械雕刻、辊模雕刻等。
+Traditional carving is to use knife, axe and other tools to create art on wood, stone and other basic materials by hand. According to the different tools and methods, modern engraving can be divided into chemical etching, electric etching, manual carving, laser engraving, marking engraving, mechanical engraving, roller mold engraving, etc.--[[User:Luo Yuqing|Luo Yuqing]] ([[User talk:Luo Yuqing|talk]]) 13:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Mo Ling 莫玲==
+.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称，给人以圆润坚实、细腻工整、金碧辉煌、繁花似锦的艺术感受，成为驰名世界的传统手工艺品。
+Beijing is the birthplace and the most important producing area of Chinese cloisonne.It is known for its elegant and magnificent shapes,manifoid patterns as well as comely and dignified colors,leaving people an artistic impression of solidity,fineness,magnificence and affluence. Thus it gains world fame as Chinese traditional handicraft.
+Beijing is the birthplace of  Chinese cloisonne and the most important place of its production. Chinese cloisonne is known for its elegant and magnificent shapes, manifold patterns as well as comely and dignified colors, leaving people an artistic impression of solidity,fineness,magnificence and affluence. Thus it gains a fame all over the world as the Chinese traditional handicraft.--Ouyang Ling
+.湘绣作品以国画为题材，与绘画相结合，具有构图章法严谨，形象生动逼真，色差鲜明，质感强烈，形神皆备，远观气势宏伟，近看出神入化的效果。曾有"绣花花生香，鸟能听声，绣虎能奔跑，绣人能传神"的美誉。
+Hunan embroidery draws materials from Chinese painting and integrates painting into itself.It embodies strict composition,vivid image,dinstinct color divergence and intense texture.If seen from afar,it shows an magnificent momentum,while if observed closely,it becomes spiritualized.The flowers，birds,tigers and people in Hunan embroidery are so vivid as if viewers can smell the flower fragrance,hear the bird chirping，see the tiger running and people coming to life.Thus,Hunan embroidery has won a wide reputation.
+Hunan embroidery draws materials from Chinese painting and integrates painting into itself. It embodies strict composition,vivid images, dinstinct color divergence and intense texture, carrying both form and spirit. If seen from afar, it shows a magnificent momentum, while if observed closely,it becomes spiritualized. The flowers，birds,tigers and people in Hunan embroidery are so vivid as if viewers can smell the flower fragrance, hear the bird chirping，see the tiger running and people coming to life. Thus, Hunan embroidery has won a good reputation.--Ouyang Ling
+.陕西、河南、山西等地出土的与真人等高的石雕菩萨立像，敦煌莫高窟第159、194等窟的彩塑菩萨像，都女性化了，造型以当时贵族妇女形象为参照，丰颐长目，体态婀娜，缨络遍体，表现出超出了宗教氛围的富贵气息。
+Feminine traits are conspicuous about the stone statues of Bodhisattvas at the same height as real people unearthed in Shaanxi, Henan, Shanxi and other places, and the colored statues of Bodhisattvas in caves 159 and 194 of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang. The models are based on the images of aristocratic women at that time. They are gorgeous,graceful and full of tassels, showing a rich and noble atmosphere beyond the religious atmosphere.
+Feminine traits are conspicuous in the stone statues of Bodhisattvas at the same height as real people unearthed in Shaanxi, Henan, Shanxi and other places, and the colored statues of Bodhisattvas in caves 159 and 194 of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang. The models are based on the images of aristocratic women at that time. They have round chin and long eyes,graceful postures and tassels all over the body, showing a rich and noble atmosphere beyond the religious atmosphere.--Ouyang Ling
+.古漆者，光泽华，似乌金而非寒，明丽堂皇，有着庄重富贵的气质，古之时多为皇亲贵族所用。
+Ancient lacquerwares were quite glossy, similar to black gold yet not cold.Besides being  bright in appearance ,they sent out an solemn and affluent temperament,thus used by royal relatives and nobles in most cases in ancient times.--[[User:Mo Ling|Mo Ling]] ([[User talk:Mo Ling|talk]]) 02:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Mo Ling
+Ancient lacquerwares were quite glossy, resembling black gold yet not cold. With bright and grand appearance ,they sent out a solemn and affluent temperament, thus being used by imperial relatives and nobles in most cases in ancient times.--Ouyang Ling
+==Ngo, Thi Minh Huong==
+==Ouyang Ling 欧阳玲==
+.1958年，在中国长沙楚墓中出土了龙凤图案的刺绣品，这是两千多年前中国古代战国时期的刺绣品，是现在已经发现的中国最早的刺绣实物之一。
+In 1958, some embroideries with dragon and phoenix patterns were unearthed from the Chu tombs in Changsha, China. They were made more than 2000 years ago, during the Warring States period in ancient China, and found as one of the earliest embroidery objects in China.
+In 1958, some embroideries with dragon and phoenix patterns were unearthed from the Chu tombs in Changsha, China. They were made more than 2000 years ago, during the Warring States period in ancient China,one of the earliest embroidery objects in China.--[[User:Chen Jingjing|Chen Jingjing]] ([[User talk:Chen Jingjing|talk]]) 12:09, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing
+.景泰蓝是已有五百多年历史的中国传统工艺美术品，它以工艺精细复杂、色泽晶莹瑰丽、外表华丽而驰名中外。景泰蓝制作一共有六道工序：设计、制胎、掐丝、点蓝、磨光、镀金。
+Cloisonne is Chinese tradiational arts and crafts with a history of more than 500 years. It is renowned both at home and abroad for its fine and complex workmanship，glittering and and magnificent luster and gorgeous appearance. There are six steps in making a cloisonne: design, mold-making, wire-weaving, color-filling, polishing and gilding.
+.中国的漆器制造工艺早在公元前200多年就传入日本，唐代漆器对日本的影响更大。目前中国的漆器主要是作为工艺品，装饰上繁琐俗艳，难以引起现代人的喜爱。要改变这种状况，必须向汉唐和日本的漆器学习，并进行创新，做出符合现代人审美观念的漆器来。
+As early as  in around 200 B.C., China's lacquerware-making craft was introduced into Japan, and the lacquerware of Tang Dynasty had a greater influence on Japan. Today, China's lacquerware is mainly used as handicrafts, and its decoration is fussy and gaudy, which can hardly be loved by modern people. In order to change the situation, lacquerware-making should learn from that of Han and Tang Dynasty and Japan. Innovation should be brought into the process and then the lacquerware in line with the modern aesthetic standard can be made.
+As early as  in around 200 B.C., China's lacquerware-making craft was introduced into Japan, and the lacquerware of Tang Dynasty has exerted a greater influence on Japan. Today, China's lacquerware is mainly used as handicrafts, and its decoration is fussy and gaudy, which can hardly gain popularity among modern people. In order to change the situation, it is a must to learn from Han and Tang Dynasty and Japan. Innovation should be brought into the process and then the lacquerware in line with the modern aesthetic standard can be made.--[[User:Chen Jingjing|Chen Jingjing]] ([[User talk:Chen Jingjing|talk]]) 12:09, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing
+.我国的木雕艺术源远流长，发现的最早的木雕艺术品是在河姆渡出土的木雕鱼和辽宁新乐出土的木雕鸟。当时没有金属工具，凭原始的动物骨、齿和硬质的石块来磨刻，制作的艰难程度可以想象。
+The art of wood carving in China has a long history. The first discovered wood carving works were the carved wooden fish unearthed in Hemudu, Zhejiang Province, and the carved wooden bird unearthed in Xinle, Liaoning Province. People of that time had no metal tools but the primitive animal bones, teeth and hard stones to grind and carve the wood, and the difficulty in the process of making can be imagined.--Ouyang Ling
+==Peng Ruihong 彭锐宏==
+.刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，在中国至少有二三千年历史。中国刺绣主要有苏绣、湘绣、蜀绣和粤绣四大门类。刺绣的用途主要包括生活和艺术装饰，如服装、床上用品、台布、舞台、艺术品装饰。
+Embroidery is one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts, with a history of at least two to three thousand years in China.  There are four main categories of Chinese embroidery: Suzhou embroidery, Hunan embroidery, Shu embroidery and Yue embroidery.  The uses of embroidery mainly include life and art decoration, such as clothing, bedding, tablecloth, stage, and artwork decoration.
+.关于景泰蓝的起源，考古界没有统一的答案。一种观点认为景泰蓝诞生于唐代；另一种说法是元代忽必烈西征时，从西亚、阿拉伯一带传进中国，先在云南一带流行，后得到京城人士喜爱，才传入中原。但有一点是学术界公认：明代宣德年间是中国景泰蓝制作工艺优点，并达到了一个新的顶峰时期，“景泰蓝”一词也从此诞生。
+Regarding the origin of cloisonne, there is no unified answer in the archaeological world.  One view is that cloisonné was born in the Tang Dynasty; another view is that during the Yuan Dynasty Kublai Khan was introduced to China from West Asia and Arabia, it was first popular in Yunnan, and was loved by people in Beijing before being introduced to the Central Plains.  But one thing is recognized by academia: during the Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty, it was the advantage of Chinese cloisonne production technology, and reached a new peak period, and the term "cloisonne" was born.
+.明代时期的工艺美术跨入新的阶段，官方设厂专制御用的各种漆器，并由著名的漆艺家管理。除了官设的漆器厂外，民间漆器生产也遍及大江南北。明代江南漆器名家辈出﹐明初有张德刚﹐包亮﹐明代中期有方信川，明末有江千里等，并出现集漆器工艺之大成的著作。
+The arts and crafts of the Ming Dynasty entered a new stage, and the government set up factories to exclusively manufacture various lacquerware for the royal use, and were managed by famous lacquer artists.  In addition to the official lacquerware factories, the production of folk lacquerware also spreads across the country.  Famous Jiangnan lacquerware masters in the Ming Dynasty appeared in large numbers, such as Zhang Degang and Bao Liang in the early Ming Dynasty, Fang Xinchuan in the mid Ming Dynasty, and Jiang Qianli in the late Ming Dynasty, and there were works that collected lacquer craftsmanship.
+.在过去的一个世纪中逐渐变得重要，但是雕刻和制模仍是两种主要的雕塑技法。一个雕刻完成的作品可以被称为雕刻，但雕塑一词通常被用来指具有严肃艺术意涵或美学意涵的作品。
+It has gradually become important in the past century, but sculpture and model making are still the two main sculpture techniques.  A finished work can be called a sculpture, but the term sculpture is usually used to refer to a work with serious artistic or aesthetic connotations.--[[User:Peng Ruihong|Peng Ruihong]] ([[User talk:Peng Ruihong|talk]]) 03:24, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Phyo, Su Kyi==
+-法鲁卡巴德市以刺绣而闻名，以最美丽的手工皇家刺绣而著称，这种刺绣主要在所有类型的织物上完成，而扎多兹则风靡全球.
+Farrukhabad city is famous for embroidery which Known for its most beautiful handwork royal embroidery, this embroidery is done mostly on all type of fabric and zardozi is a global rage.
+-在中国和日本景泰蓝中进行区分的最简单，最简单的方法是查看两个金属物体的边界和边缘。中国景泰蓝是光滑和明亮的绿松石内饰的成品。相反，日本景泰蓝在珐琅上具有橘皮纹理。
+The simplest and the easiest to way to differentiate between in the Chinese and Japanese cloisonné is to look at the border and rim of the two metal objects. Chinese cloisonné are finished products of smooth and bright turquoise interior. On the contrary, Japanese cloisonné have an orange peel texture on the enamel.
+The easiest way to differentiate between the Chinese and Japanese cloisonne is to compare the border and rim of the two metal objects: Chinese cloisonne are finished products with smooth and bright turquoise interior, while Japanese cloisonne have an orange peel texture on the enamel.--[[User:Qu Miao|Qu Miao]] ([[User talk:Qu Miao|talk]]) 06:30, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+-漆器是指使用漆在器皿或艺术品的表面上绘画。漆器是中国的特产。生漆是从漆树上切下的天然液体，由漆，漆酶，胶质和水组成。
+Lacquer ware refers to using lacquer to paint on the surface of wares or artwork. Lacquer ware is a special product of China. Raw lacquer is natural liquid cut from lacquer tree, which consists of laccol, laccase, gumminess and water.
+-其中最重要的是石材，木材，金属，粘土，象牙和石膏。这些也可以称为传统雕塑材料。有许多辅助材料，其中许多只是最近才开始使用。
+The most important these are stone, wood, metal, clay, ivory and gypsum. These are also can be called traditional sculpture materials. There are many secondary materials, many of which have only recently begun to be used.
+Among them, the most important ones are stone, wood, metal, clay, ivory and gypsum and they can also be called as traditional sculpture materials. There are many supplementary materials, many of which only be came to use recently.--[[User:Luo Yuqing|Luo Yuqing]] ([[User talk:Luo Yuqing|talk]]) 13:28, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Pingki, Tanchangya==
+==Qu Miao 瞿淼==
+.作为中国四大名绣之一的湘绣，向来以历史悠久，工艺精湛，风格独特而闻名海内外。迄今为止发现的最早的湘绣制品，是长沙马王堆一号汉代（公元前206年—公园220年）墓葬出土的一件丝织品，它所使用的针法与现代湘绣所差无几，说明早在两千多年的汉代，湘绣工艺就已经产生了。
+Xiang embroidery, one of the four most famous style of embroidery in China, is always well-known both at home and abroad for its long history, delicate workmanship and unique style. The earliest work of Xiang embroidery ever found is a silk fabric unearthed at No 1 Han Dynasty tomb in Mawangdui(206-220AD), Changsha, Hunan province. The stitches it used is almost the same as that the modern Xiang embroidery uses, which proves that Xiang embroidery appeared as early as Han Dynasty(more than 2000 years ago).--[[User:Qu Miao|Qu Miao]] ([[User talk:Qu Miao|talk]]) 03:37, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+Xiang embroidery, one of the four most famous styles of embroidery in China, is always well-known at home and abroad for its long history, delicate workmanship and unique style. The earliest example of Xiang embroidery ever found is a silk fabric unearthed at No 1 Han Dynasty tomb in Mawangdui(206-220AD), Changsha, Hunan province. The stitches it used is almost the same as that the modern Xiang embroidery uses, which proves that Xiang embroidery appeared as early as Han Dynasty(more than 2000 years ago).--[[User:Zhou Yiwen|Zhou Yiwen]] ([[User talk:Zhou Yiwen|talk]]) 13:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.  景泰蓝又称“铜胎掐丝珐琅”，是一种中国传统的手工艺精品。它以细扁铜丝作线条，在铜制的胎地上捏出各种图案花纹，再将五彩珐琅点填在花纹内，经烧制、磨平、镀金而成。
+Cloisonne, also called copper padding thread weaving enamel, is an exquisite Chinese traditional handcraft. It is made firstly by soldering filigree into various patterns on a copper body, then filling colorful enamel in the patterns, and lastly enamel firing, polishing and gilding.--[[User:Qu Miao|Qu Miao]] ([[User talk:Qu Miao|talk]]) 03:37, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+. 扬州漆器是中国汉族传统工艺品中之一，起源于战国，兴旺于汉唐，鼎盛于明清，其工艺齐全、技艺精湛、风格独特、驰名中外，早在秦汉时期，扬州彩绘和镶嵌漆器制作工艺就有很高的水平。
+Yangzhou lacquerware is one of Chinese traditional handcraft of Han Nationality. It originated in the Warring States period, thriving in Han and Tang Dynasties, and reaching its peak in Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is famous at home and abroad for its complete crafts, exquisite techniques and unique style. Color drawing and inlay crafts of Yangzhou laquerware had reached a high level early in Qin and Han dynasties.--[[User:Qu Miao|Qu Miao]] ([[User talk:Qu Miao|talk]]) 03:37, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+. 东阳木雕历史上有名，居中国四大木雕之首。东阳木雕艺术性强，它以浮雕技艺为主，设计上采取散点透视、鸟瞰式透视等构图 ，布局丰满，散而不松，多而不乱，层次分明，主题突出，故事情节性强，因而深受收藏家喜爱。
+Dongyang woodcarving topped the four most famous woodcarving in China. Boasting strong artistic quality, in crafts it mainly takes relief carving and in design it mostly takes cavalier perspective and bird-eye perspective. With layout being substantial and well-bedded, scattered but not imcompact, ample but not messy, it always highlights the theme and demonstrate melodramamtic story; therefore, it is popular with collectors.--[[User:Qu Miao|Qu Miao]] ([[User talk:Qu Miao|talk]]) 06:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Rajabov, Anushervon ==
+在众多湖湘符号中，有一种精美工艺，“绣花能生香，绣鸟能听声”，它就是湘绣。
-=====Hu Jin 胡瑾=====
+Among the many symbols of Hunan province, an exquisite craftsmanship seemingly can make fragrant flowers, or chirping birds ", which is Hunan embroidery.
-=====Jiang Qiwei 蒋淇玮=====
+景泰蓝，又名“铜胎掐丝珐琅”，是一种复合性的传统工艺品
-=====Kang Haoyu 康浩宇=====
+Cloisonné, which is also called copper padding thread weaving enamel, is a compound of traditional Chinese handicrafts.
-=====Lei Fangyuan 雷方圆=====
+表面涂有漆的各种美术品、工艺品被称为“漆器”，漆器是我国古代在化学工艺及工艺美术方面的重要发明。
-=====Lei Kuangxi 雷旷溪=====
+Fine arts or crafts with lacquer on the surface are called "lacquerware", an important invention of chemical crafts and industrial arts in ancient China.
-、中国位于亚洲东部、太平洋西岸,它的版图被形象地比作一只头朝东尾朝西的金鸡,地势西高东低。
-China is located in the east of Asia and the West Bank of the Pacific Ocean. Its territory is vividly compared to a golden rooster with its head facing east and tail facing west.
-、中秋节是中国民间的传统节日。中秋节源自天象崇拜，由上古时代秋夕祭月演变而来。
-The Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional Chinese folk festival. The Mid-Autumn Festival originated from the worship of celestial phenomena and evolved from the autumn and sunset festivals in ancient times.
-、在人类历史上，封建社会科学文化的最高成就是由中国创造的。其中农学、医学、数学、天文学是我国古代的四大自然科学。
-The highest achievement of feudal social science and culture in human history was created by China. Agriculture, medicine, mathematics and astronomy are the four natural sciences of ancient China.--[[User:Lei kuangxi|Lei kuangxi]] ([[User talk:Lei kuangxi|talk]]) 08:05, 27 September 2020 (UTC)雷旷溪
-=====Li Lili 李丽丽=====
+明清时期的家具雕刻艺术是中华民族雕刻艺术的辉煌创造，是明清家具不可分割的重要组成部分，是中华民族文化的宝贵遗产。
-.杭州素以美丽的山水著称，中国古代有句谚语“上有天堂，下有苏杭”，表达了古往今来人们对于这座美丽城市的由衷赞美。
- Hangzhou has a reputation for its extraordinary lakes and hills. As a Chinese saying goes,"Above,there is heaven;below, there are Hangzhou and Suzhou",which shows people’s admiration for the beautiful city.
-Hangzhou has a reputation for its enchanting rivers and mountains.  Just as a Chinese saying goes, “In heaven there is paradise, and on earth there are cities Suzhou and Hangzhou”, people have great admiration for the two beautiful cities since ancient times. --[[User:Zhumeimei|Zhumeimei]] ([[User talk:Zhumeimei|talk]]) 07:35, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
+The art of furniture carving in the Ming and Qing dynasties (1638-1840 A.D.) was a brilliant creation of the Chinese sculpture art, an inseparable and important part of the furniture in that period and a valuable heritage of the Chinese culture.--[[User:RAJABOV ANUSHERVON 10|RAJABOV ANUSHERVON 10]] ([[User talk:RAJABOV ANUSHERVON 10|talk]]) 14:37, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-Hangzhou has a reputation for its beautiful scenery with hills and waters. Just as the old saying goes "Up above there is heaven; down below there are Suzhou and Hangzhou", which shows great appreciation of people of all ages to this gorgeous city. --[[User:Gui Yizhi|Gui Yizhi]] ([[User talk:Gui Yizhi|talk]]) 09:52, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
-.重阳节早在战国时期就已经形成，到了唐代，重阳被正式定为民间的节日，此后历朝历代沿袭至今。
+==Seydou, Sagara==
-Double Ninth Festival was formed as early as the Warring States Period. In the Tang Dynasty, it was officially designated as a folk festival, which has been followed by successive dynasties since then.
+我觉得中国刺绣很精美。
-.据《梦溪笔谈》载，毕昇曾试验以木为原料制作活字，而未成功，毕昇才改木为泥发明用泥制作活字。公元1041~1048年，毕昇终于成功地发明了泥活字印刷，提高了印刷的效率。但是，他的发明并未受到当时统治者和社会的重视。
-According to Dream Pool Essays, Bi Sheng tried to make movable type with wood as raw material, but failed.Then Bi Sheng replaced wood with clay and invented making movable type with mud. From 1041 to 1048, Bi Sheng succeeded in inventing clay movable type printing, which improved the printing efficiency. However, his invention did not receive the attention of the rulers and society at that time.--[[User:Li LIli|Li LIli]] ([[User talk:Li LIli|talk]]) 15:43, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Li Lili
-.重阳节早在战国时期就已经形成，到了唐代，重阳被正式定为民间的节日，此后历朝历代沿袭至今。
-The Double Ninth Festival was formed as early as the Warring States Period.It was not until Tang Dynasty that the festival was officially designated as a folk festival,which was passed down by successive dynasties from then on.--[[User:Liu Liu|Liu Liu]] ([[User talk:Liu Liu|talk]]) 12:33, 26 September 2020 (UTC)Liu Liu
-=====Li Liqin 李丽琴=====
+I think Chinese embroidery is very beautiful.--[[User:Sagara Seydou 3|Sagara Seydou 3]] ([[User talk:Sagara Seydou 3|talk]]) 02:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-中国地理环境复杂，植物种类丰富多样,其丰富的自然和人文景观以及古老而璀璨的文化无不吸引着来自世界各地的游客。
+--[[User:Sagara Seydou 3|Sagara Seydou 3]] ([[User talk:Sagara Seydou 3|talk]]) 02:08, 10 October 2020 (UTC)--[[User:Sagara Seydou 3|Sagara Seydou 3]] ([[User talk:Sagara Seydou 3|talk]]) 02:14, 10 October 2020 (UTC)--[[User:Sagara Seydou 3|Sagara Seydou 3]] ([[User talk:Sagara Seydou 3|talk]]) 02:16, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-China has a complicated geographical environment with a variety of plants. Moreover, its abundant natural and cultural landscapes as well as the splendid ancient history attract tourists from all around the world. --[[User:Li Liqin|Li Liqin]] ([[User talk:Li Liqin|talk]]) 02:45, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-China is well known for its complicated geographical environment and a wide range of flora; moreover, its rich natural and cultural landscapes as well as the ancient and splendid civilization attract tourists from all around the world.--[[User:Zhumeimei|Zhumeimei]] ([[User talk:Zhumeimei|talk]]) 07:13, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
+I think that Chinese embroidery is exquisite.--[[User:Luo Yuqing|Luo Yuqing]] ([[User talk:Luo Yuqing|talk]]) 13:30, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-----
-清明节是我国的传统节日之一，距今已有两千多年的历史。这个节日既有祭扫祖坟生离死别的悲伤，又有踏青游玩的欢乐，是个富有特色的节日。
-As an important traditional festival in China, the Tomb-Sweeping Day has a history of more than 2000 years. Grave feeling of sadness to sacrifice ancestors and the joy of playing out are both the characteristics of the festival. --[[User:Li Liqin|Li Liqin]] ([[User talk:Li Liqin|talk]]) 02:45, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-----
-中国古代四大发明分别是造纸术、印刷术、火药和指南针。在物质文明方面，中国的四大发明曾改变世界的历史发展进程, 至今都令我们自豪。
-The Four Great Inventions of ancient China are papermaking, printing, gunpowder and the compass. In terms of material civilization, the Four Great Inventions had advanced the development of the world history and have been our pride till today. --[[User:Li Liqin|Li Liqin]] ([[User talk:Li Liqin|talk]]) 02:45, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-中国古代四大发明分别是造纸术、印刷术、火药和指南针。在物质文明方面，中国的四大发明曾改变世界的历史发展进程, 至今都令我们自豪。
-The Four Great Inventions of ancient China are papermaking, printing, gunpowder and the compass. In terms of material civilization, the Four Great Inventions advanced the development of the world history and have been our pride till today.--[[User:Zhang Yujie|Zhang Yujie]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yujie|talk]]) 09:49, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-中国古代四大发明分别是造纸术、印刷术、火药和指南针。在物质文明方面，中国的四大发明曾改变世界的历史发展进程, 至今都令我们自豪。
+We are driven by the desire to ‘’ help our customers meet their perfect item’’.
+The wood carving looked a large bear.
-The Four Great Inventions refer to the inventions of paper, printing, dynamite and compass. In terms of material civilization, the Four Great Inventions have advanced the development of the world history and have been our pride till today.--[[User:Tang Bei|Tang Bei]] ([[User talk:Tang Bei|talk]]) 13:46, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+这件衣服饰有精美的刺绣.
-=====Liu Liu 刘柳=====
+The dress was decorated with delicate embroidery.
-.“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”加持的岳阳楼，自古就有“洞庭天下水，岳阳天下楼”之美誉。
-The classic Chinese poetry “I wish to be the first to worry about the country and the people and the last to enjoy comforts.” makes Yueyang Tower a well-known scenic spot,which enjoys a good reputation of “Dongting Lake is the most beautiful lake of the world and Yueyang Tower is the most magnificent tower in the world.” from time immemorial.
-.在传统节日当中，论民俗之繁多复杂，或只有端午节能和春节可比拟，都有着祈福、消灾等礼俗主题，寄托了人们迎祥纳福、辟邪除灾的愿望。
-Among all traditional festivals in China,the Dragon Boat Festival may be the only festival that can be compared with the Spring Festival considering the various and complicated folk customs.They both include the same theme such as blessing and warding off disasters,which express people’s desire to bring in good luck and drive away evil spirits.
-.隋朝工匠李春设计建造的赵州桥，是世界上最早的敞肩石拱桥，在世界桥梁史上占有重要地位。
-Zhaozhou Bridge,designed and built by Li Chun,a craftsman in the Sui Dynasty,is the earliest open-spandrel stone arch bridge,which occupies an important position in the history of bridges of the world.--[[User:Liu Liu|Liu Liu]] ([[User talk:Liu Liu|talk]]) 11:19, 26 September 2020 (UTC)Liu Liu
-.“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”加持的岳阳楼，自古就有“洞庭天下水，岳阳天下楼”之美誉。
-The classic Chinese poetry “I wish to be the first to worry about the country and the people and the last to enjoy comforts.” makes Yueyang Tower a well-known scenic spot. It also enjoys a good reputation of “Dongting Lake is the most beautiful lake of the world and Yueyang Tower is the most magnificent tower in the world.” from time immemorial.(两个句子分开断句的翻译结构更清晰一点)
-.在传统节日当中，论民俗之繁多复杂，或只有端午节能和春节可比拟，都有着祈福、消灾等礼俗主题，寄托了人们迎祥纳福、辟邪除灾的愿望。
-Among all traditional festivals in China,the Dragon Boat Festival may be the only festival that can be compared with the Spring Festival considering the various and complicated folk customs. The same themes are observed such as seeking blessings and warding off disasters, which express people’s desires to bring in good luck and drive away evil spirits.--[[User:Liu Yiyu|Liu Yiyu]] ([[User talk:Liu Yiyu|talk]]) 01:16, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Liu Yiyu
-=====Liu Ou 刘欧=====
+绣花作坊很有名，并有许可证.
-白云山，位于广东省广州市白云区，为南粤名山之一，自古就有“羊城第一秀”之称。面积20.98平方公里，主峰摩星岭高382米。
-Baiyun Mountain, one of the famous mountains of Guangdong Province, locates in the Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province. It was renowned as a beautiful spot of Guangzhou since the ancient time. It covers 20.98 kilometers and its highest peak Moxing Ling is 382 meters.
-农历九月初九是重阳节。重阳节，又称“踏秋”，汉族传统节日。庆祝重阳节一般包括出游赏景、登高远眺、观赏菊花、遍插茱萸、吃重阳糕、饮菊花酒等活动。
+The embroidery workshop is famous and permits.
-Chongyang Festival (or Double Ninth Festival), a traditional festival of Han nationality, falls on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar year. It is also called Ta Qiu (tread on the autumn day). In that day, people always go hiking, climb the mountains, observe the chrysanthemums, pick the cornel to wear it on head, eat the Chongyang cake and drink the chrysanthemums wine.
-水车，灌溉工具，是古代中国劳动人民，充分利用水力发展出来的一种运转机械。根据文献记载，水车大约东汉时期出现。水车作为中国农耕文化的重要组成部分，它体现了中华民族的创造力，见证了中国农业文明，为水利研究史提供了见证。水车的发明奠定了人民安居乐业、社会和谐稳定的基础。
+我们渴望“帮助客户满足他们的完美需求”.
-Waterwheel, an irrigation machine ran by waterpower, which was invented by the ancient Chinese people. According to the documents, the waterwheel was appeared in the Eastern Han Dynasty. As an important part of the Chinese Farming Culture, it represents the creativity of the Chinese people and provided a witness of the Chinese irrigation history. It also laid a foundation of people’s wellbeing and the stability of the society.--[[User:Liu Ou|Liu Ou]] ([[User talk:Liu Ou|talk]]) 13:08, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Liu Yi 刘艺=====
+We are driven by the desire to ‘’ help our customers meet their perfect item’’.
-内海是一个国家神圣不可侵犯的领土，山东半岛与辽东半岛之间的渤海是中国的内海。
-The inland sea is the sacred and inviolable territory of a country. The Bohai Sea，between the Shandong Peninsula and the Liaodong Peninsula，is China's inland sea.
-中秋之夜，月色皎洁。古人把圆月视为团圆的象征，因此又称八月十五为团圆节。古往今来，人们常用月圆月缺来形容悲欢离合。
-At the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, the moonlight is bright and white. The ancients regarded the full moon as a symbol of reunion, so the 15th day of the eighth month of lunar calendar was also called the Reunion Festival. Throughout the ages, people often use the full moon and waning moon to describe the joys and sorrows.
-On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, the moonlight is bright. The ancients regarded the full moon as a symbol of reunion, so the 15th day of the eighth lunar month was also called the Reunion Festival.Through the ages, people often use the wax and wane to describe joys and sorrows.--[[User:Hu Jin|Hu Jin]] ([[User talk:Hu Jin|talk]]) 14:31, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
+木雕看上去像只大熊.
-唐代时瓷器便成为我国的大宗出口商品，明清时期我国的制瓷技术达到了古代制瓷技术的最高峰，许多传世珍品至今仍令人欣赏不已。
-In the Tang Dynasty, porcelain has become our country's bulk export commodities. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, porcelain-making technology in China reached the highest level and many treasures handed down from old times still be admired today.--[[User:Liu Yi|Liu Yi]] ([[User talk:Liu Yi|talk]]) 02:32, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Liu Yiyu 刘怡瑜=====
+The wood carving looked a large bear.
-岳阳是一座有着2500多年悠久历史的文化名城，人文深厚，风景秀丽，集名山、名水、名楼、名人、名文于一体，是中华文化重要的始源地之一，亦是海内外闻名的旅游胜地。
-Yueyang, a celebrated cultural city, boasts a long history of more than 2000 years. It enjoys highly cultural richness and marvelous scenery. The city is also known for its mountains, waters，buildings, eminent persons and some favorably related articles. It proves to be a significant cradle of the Chinese culture and a noted tourist attraction home and abroad.
-国际儿童节定于每年的6月1日，这是为了悼念1942年6月10日的利迪策惨案和全世界所有在战争中死难的儿童，反对虐杀和毒害儿童，以及保障儿童权利。
-International Children's Day is designated on June 1 for the purpose of mourning Lidice massacre and all the children who died or suffered in wars. It also aims at fighting against behaviors of abusing and hurting children with their rights protected.
-丝绸是中国的特产，中国古代劳动人民发明并大规模生产丝绸制品，更开启了世界历史上第一次东西方大规模的商贸交流。
-Silk is one of the specialties in China.  In ancient China, the working people invented and churned out massive silk products, triggering the first commercial interaction between the east and the west in a large scale in the history of the world.--[[User:Liu Yiyu|Liu Yiyu]] ([[User talk:Liu Yiyu|talk]]) 09:04, 26 September 2020 (UTC)Liu Yiyu
-.Yueyang, a celebrated cultural city, boasts a long history of more than 2500 years. It enjoys highly cultural richness and marvelous scenery. The city is also known for its mountains, waters，pavilions, celebrities and some favorably related articles. It proves to be a significant cradle of the Chinese culture and a noted tourist attraction home and abroad. （tip: 楼不是指一般的building，应该是指岳阳楼这类亭楼，故译为pavilion）
+The wood carving looked like a large bear.--[[User:Yang Ziling|Yang Ziling]] ([[User talk:Yang Ziling|talk]]) 12:39, 13 October 2020 (UTC)
-.International Children's Day is celebrated annually on June 1 to commemorate the Lidice massacre and all the children who died in wars. It was set up to combat behavior of abusing and hurting children and protect children's rights. （tip: 死难即在灾祸中去世，译为die即可）
+这所学校的每个分支机构都制作了许多景泰蓝珐琅的出色例子.
+Many excellent examples of cloisonne enamel have been produced by each branch of this school.--[[User:Sagara Seydou 3|Sagara Seydou 3]] ([[User talk:Sagara Seydou 3|talk]]) 15:50, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-.Silk is one of the specialties in China. In ancient China, the working people invented and churned out silk products, triggering the first commercial interaction between the East and the West on a large scale in world history. (tip: on a large scale固定搭配，churn out和massive意义重复，the East and the West需大写)--Ouyang Ling
+==Shi Haiyao 石海瑶==
+.中国剪纸具有广泛的群众基础，交融于各族人民的社会生活，是各种民俗活动的重要组成部分。
-=====Lou Cancan 娄灿灿=====
+Chinese paper cutting has a widespread mass base and is integrated into the social life of people from all ethnic groups. It also plays an essential part in miscellaneous folk activities.--[[User:Shi Haiyao|Shi Haiyao]] ([[User talk:Shi Haiyao|talk]]) 02:48, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-重庆，位于中国西南内陆，属于亚热带季风气候，夏日阳光炽热，被称为火炉；城市依山而建，被称为山城；冬春云清雾重，又被称为雾都。Chongqing is located in the southwestern part of mainland China with a subtropical monsoon climate. Chongqing is called Furnace City as it is hot in summer with scorching sun. The city is also called Mountainous City because it is built on hillsides with mountains around it. In winter and spring, Chongqing is often shrouded in clouds and mist. Hence it got the name of Fog City. --[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 09:43, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
+Chinese paper cutting has a broad mass base, blending into the social life of people of all nationalities, and is an important part of various folk activities.--[[User:Hu Baihui|Hu Baihui]] ([[User talk:Hu Baihui|talk]]) 02:18, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
-Chongqing lies in the inland southwest of China with a subtropical monsoon climate. It is known as a stove city in summer as the sun is burning there; It is called a mountain city as all the buildings are built along mountains; It is referred to as the city of Fog as the mist are heavy during the winter and spring.--[[User:WuQiong|WuQiong]] ([[User talk:WuQiong|talk]]) 10:28, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
-粽子之于端午节就像彩蛋之于复活节、玫瑰之于情人节。粽子的主要原料是糯米，糯米在烹饪后的形状不变，在夏季的炎热环境中可以完好地保存。Zongzi are to the Dragon Boat Festival what eggs are to Easter or roses to Valentine's Day. The main ingredient is glutinous rice,which holds its shape after cooking and keeps well in the summer heat. --[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 09:43, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
-张衡是中国古代杰出的科学家，他长期观察日月和行星的运行规律，知道月亮本身不发光，月光只是月球反射了太阳光。Zhang Hong was an prominent scientist in ancient China. After spending long time observing the laws of movement of the moon,the sun,and the planets,he concluded that the moon itself does not shine but only reflects the light from the sun. --[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 09:34, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
-Zhangheng, a prominent scientist of ancient China, after observing the orbit rule of sun, moon and other planets for a long time, found that the moon itself doesn't shine and it just reflects the light of sun.--[[User:WuQiong|WuQiong]] ([[User talk:WuQiong|talk]]) 10:28, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Luo Weijia 罗维嘉=====
-中国得天独厚，大部分地区土地肥沃，气候温和。 Nature is generous in giving most of China plenty of fertile soil, along with a climate that is most moderately.
+.苏绣具有图案秀丽、构思巧妙、绣工细致、针法活泼、色彩清雅的独特风格，地方特色浓郁。
-Geography blesses China, with most of its areas fertile and climate mild. --[[User:Zhumeimei|Zhumeimei]] ([[User talk:Zhumeimei|talk]]) 06:03, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
+Su Embroidery has a unique style of gorgeous pattern, ingenious design, exquisite craft, lively stitching and elegant colors, with strong local characteristics.--[[User:Shi Haiyao|Shi Haiyao]] ([[User talk:Shi Haiyao|talk]]) 02:48, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-清明节起源于寒食节，用以纪念春秋时期晋国大臣介子推。 Tomb-Sweeping Day originated from the Cold Food Festival which remembered Jie Zitui, a nobleman of the State of Jin during the Spring and Autumn Period.
+Su Embroidery has a unique style of gorgeous patterns, ingenious design, exquisite craft, lively stitching and elegant colors, with strong local characteristics.--[[User:Yang Ziling|Yang Ziling]] ([[User talk:Yang Ziling|talk]]) 12:37, 13 October 2020 (UTC)
-中国人不仅是火箭的发明者，而且还是首先企图利用固体燃料火箭将人载到空中去的幻想者。The Chinese not only invented the rocket but also the first to fantasize about using the solid rocket to carry man into space.--[[User:Luo Weijia|Luo Weijia]] ([[User talk:Luo Weijia|talk]]) 01:08, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+.北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称，给人以圆润坚实、细腻工整、金碧辉煌的艺术感受，成为驰名世界的传统手工艺品。
-中国得天独厚，大部分地区土地肥沃，气候温和。
+Beijing cloisonne, renowned for its elegant and vigorous shape, complicated patterns and solemn colors, which gives people the artistic feeling of mellow and solid, exquisite and neat, resplendent and magnificent. It has become a world-famous traditional handicraft.--[[User:Shi Haiyao|Shi Haiyao]] ([[User talk:Shi Haiyao|talk]]) 02:48, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-China is blessed with fertile soil and temperate climate in most areas.--[[User:Yang Yue|Yang Yue]] ([[User talk:Yang Yue|talk]]) 02:36, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-清明节起源于寒食节，用以纪念春秋时期晋国大臣介子推。
+.中国玉雕是具有民族特色的艺术产品，是世界雕塑苑中的一朵耀眼的奇葩。其中蕴含着中华民族的智慧、宗教观念、美学思想等丰富的内容。
-Tomb-Sweeping Day originated from the Cold Food Festival in memory of Jie Zitui, a minister of the State of Jin during the Spring and Autumn Period.--[[User:Yang Yue|Yang Yue]] ([[User talk:Yang Yue|talk]]) 02:45, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-[http://www.example.com link title]
+Chinese jade carving is an artistic product with national characteristics as well as a dazzling flower in the world sculpture garden，which  bostes abudent contents, including the wisdom of the Chinese nation, religious beliefs and aesthetic thoughts.--[[User:Shi Haiyao|Shi Haiyao]] ([[User talk:Shi Haiyao|talk]]) 02:48, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-.中国得天独厚，大部分地区土地肥沃，气候温和。
+Chinese jade carving is an artistic product with national characteristics as well as a dazzling flower in the world sculpture garden，which boasts abundant contents, including wisdom of the Chinese nation, religious beliefs and aesthetic thoughts. --[[User:Yang Ziling|Yang Ziling]] ([[User talk:Yang Ziling|talk]]) 12:38, 13 October 2020 (UTC)
-Richly endowed by nature, China has fertile land and mild weather in most areas.
-.清明节起源于寒食节，用以纪念春秋时期晋国大臣介子推。
+==Si Yu 司妤==
-Originated from Cold Food Day, Tomb Sweeping Day is celebrated to memorize Jie Zitui, a minister of the State of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period.
+.宋代刺绣之发达，由于当时朝廷奖励提倡之故。为使作品达到书画之传神意境，绣前需先有计划，绣时需度其形势，乃趋于精巧。构图必须简单化，纹样的取舍留白非常重要，与唐代无论有无图案之满地施绣截然不同。
-.中国人不仅是火箭的发明者，而且还是首先企图利用固体燃料火箭将人载到空中去的幻想者。Chinese people is not only the inventor of rocket, but also the dreamer who firstly attempts to send men into space by solid-fuel rockets. --[[User:Wu Yilu|Wu Yilu]] ([[User talk:Wu Yilu|talk]]) 13:52, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+Owning to incentives and advocacy of the official government, The Song Dynasty saw thriving embroidery. In order to attain the spirit of calligraphy and paintings, one has to make a plan before working on it and exquisiteness can be achieved if one pays attention to all details. Totally different from embroidery of the Tang Dynasty , that of the Song Dynasty requires simplified patterns and strengthens the importance of leaving space when choosing patterns.--[[User:Si Yu|Si Yu]] ([[User talk:Si Yu|talk]]) 02:30, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-=====Luo Yuqing 罗雨晴=====
+.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称，给人以圆润坚实、细腻工整、金碧辉煌的艺术感受，成为驰名世界的传统手工艺品。
-衡阳历史悠久 、山水优美，以石鼓书院为代表的人文景观与以南岳衡山为代表的自然景观遍布。
-Hengyang boasts its long history , beautiful mountains and rivers. The humanistic landscape represented by Shi-gu Academy and the natural landscape represented by Mount Heng(one of the Five Great Mountains of China) are everywhere.--[[User:Tan Yuanyuan|Tan Yuanyuan]] ([[User talk:Tan Yuanyuan|talk]]) 03:15, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+Beijing is not only the birthplace of Chinese cloisonne, but also is home to it. It is renowned for its elegant shapes, exquisite patterns and superb colors, allowing people to appreciate the roundness, delicacy and glamour of artistic work. Consequently, it is a traditional art that enjoys world fame. --[[User:Si Yu|Si Yu]] ([[User talk:Si Yu|talk]]) 02:30, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-中秋节以月之圆象征人之团圆，为寄托思念故乡，思念亲人之情，祈盼丰收、幸福，是丰富多彩、弥足珍贵的文化遗产。
+.用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为"漆器"。中国古代所用漆，是漆树分泌的一种汁液，经日晒脱水后，即成为可作涂料的熟漆。
+Usually, lacquerware refers to daily tools, crafts and artistic work being painted by lacquer. In the ancient times, lacquer came from sap of lacquer trees. It became ripe lacquer after sloarization and dehydrating.--[[User:Si Yu|Si Yu]] ([[User talk:Si Yu|talk]]) 02:30, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-The Mid Autumn Festival symbolizes the reunion of people with the full moon. It is a colorful and precious cultural heritage for cherishing the feeling of missing hometown and relatives and praying for harvest and happiness.
+.在最常见的雕刻方法中，一只手拿着凿子，另一只手拿木槌，然后用木槌将凿子敲入木头或石头中。尽管一些金属加工技术例如焊接和装配，在过去的一个世纪中逐渐变得重要，但是雕刻和制模仍是两种主要的雕塑技法。
-古代科技内容上主要集中于与农业有关的农学、天文历法以及医学等方面，应用性强，但是对事物发展规律的探索不够。
+Among all carving methods, the commonest way is to use mallet to chip chisel into woods or stones with mallet in one hand and chisel in the other hand. Though some metal processing technologis such as welding and assembling has became more important over the past century, carving and modelling are still two major engraving techniques.  --[[User:Si Yu|Si Yu]] ([[User talk:Si Yu|talk]]) 02:30, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-The content of ancient science and technology mainly focused on astronomy relating to agriculture , calendar, medicine and so on, which had strong applicability but scant exploration on the law of development.--[[User:Luo Yuqing|Luo Yuqing]] ([[User talk:Luo Yuqing|talk]]) 02:22, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+Among all carving methods, the commonest way is to use mallet to chip chisel into woods or stones with mallet in one hand and chisel in the other hand. Though some metal processing technologies such as welding and assembling have become more important over the past century, carving and modelling are still two major engraving techniques.--[[User:Chen Han|Chen Han]] ([[User talk:Chen Han|talk]]) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-The ancient science and techonology mainly focused on agronomy, astronomy, calendar and medicine, which related to agriculture. Although they have strong applicability, they lack the exploration of the law of the development.--[[User:Yu Ni|Yu Ni]] ([[User talk:Yu Ni|talk]]) 08:08, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
+==Tan Yuanyuan 谭媛媛==
+.瓯绣是中国出口名绣之一，不仅被国家珍藏，还被作为国礼赠送，有“发绣外交”之说。
-=====Mo Ling 莫玲=====
+Ou Embroidery is one of China's famous embroidery exports.It is not only treasured by the country,but also presented as a national gift.There is a saying of " embroidery diplomacy".--[[User:Tan Yuanyuan|Tan Yuanyuan]] ([[User talk:Tan Yuanyuan|talk]]) 15:29, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
-.中国地势西高东低，呈阶梯状分布。山地、高原面积广大。东西相距约5000千米。
-China's terrain is high in the West and low in the East, with a distribution like stairs. The areas of mountains and plateaus are vast and the distance from the East to the West is about 5000 kilometres.--[[User:Mo Ling|Mo Ling]] ([[User talk:Mo Ling|talk]]) 08:20, 26 September 2020 (UTC)Mo Ling
-.春节是中华民族最隆重的传统佳节，它不仅集中体现了中华民族的思想信仰和理想愿望，而且还是祈福攘灾、饮食和娱乐活动的狂欢式展示。
-The Spring Festival is the most solemn traditional festival of the Chinese nation. It not only embodies the Chinese nation's ideology and belief, ideals and aspirations, but also a carnival display of praying for blessings and dispelling bad luck, food and entertainment activities.--[[User:Mo Ling|Mo Ling]] ([[User talk:Mo Ling|talk]]) 08:20, 26 September 2020 (UTC)Mo Ling
-.历法是中国古代天文学的重要内容，它不仅包括年、月、日、时、节气的安排，还包括日、月、行星运动，交食，晷影，漏刻，恒星出没，天空分区，等等。
-Calendar is an important content of ancient Chinese astronomy. It includes not only the arrangement of year, month, day, hour and solar term, but also the movement of sun, moon and planets, eclipses, sundial shadows, clepsydra, star occurrence and sky division, etc.--[[User:Mo Ling|Mo Ling]] ([[User talk:Mo Ling|talk]]) 09:05, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Mo Ling
-. China's terrain is high in the West and low in the East, with a stairs-like distribution. The areas of mountains and plateaus are vast and the distance from the East to the West is about 5 kilometers.
-.The Spring Festival is the most solemn traditional festival of the Chinese nation. It not only embodies the Chinese nation's ideology and belief, ideals and aspirations, but also is a carnival display of praying for blessings and dispelling bad luck, food and entertainment activities.--[[User:Gao Mingzhu|Gao Mingzhu]] ([[User talk:Gao Mingzhu|talk]]) 12:49, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu
-.中国地势西高东低，呈阶梯状分布。山地、高原面积广大。东西相距约5000千米。
-.The major land of China is distributed like stairs,with its western areas higher than the east ones.Mountains and plateaus cover a huge area of the land ,and the distance from the East to the West is about 5 kilometres.--[[User:Wu Zijia|Wu Zijia]] ([[User talk:Wu Zijia|talk]]) 14:44, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Wu Zijia
-=====Ouyang Ling 欧阳玲=====
+.作为一种宫廷艺术，景泰蓝是明清宫中高贵的装饰艺术品，是皇室权力与地位的象征。
-.黄河是一条长5464公里的大河，它是世界上第五大河。它从青藏高原一路东去，像一条长龙，穿越中国九个省区，最后注入渤海。富含泥沙的河水淤积成肥沃的土壤，孕育了中华文明。
+As a palace art,cloisonne is a noble decorative artwork in Ming and Qing palaces,and a symbol of royal power and status.--[[User:Tan Yuanyuan|Tan Yuanyuan]] ([[User talk:Tan Yuanyuan|talk]]) 15:29, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
-The Yellow River is 5464 kilometres long, ranking fifth in the world. Originating in the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau, it flows east through nine proviinces and empties into the Bohai Sea. The rich silt carried by the Yellow River formed fertile farmland that is the birthplace of Chinese culture.
---[[User:Jiang Qiwei|Jiang Qiwei]] ([[User talk:Jiang Qiwei|talk]]) 09:52, 25 September 2020 (UTC)The Yellow River is 5464 kilometres long, ranking fifth in the world. Originated in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, it flows east through nine provinces  into the Bohai Sea. The rich silt carried by the Yellow River formed fertile land, which is the birthplace of Chinese culture.--[[User:Jiang Qiwei|Jiang Qiwei]] ([[User talk:Jiang Qiwei|talk]]) 09:52, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-.中秋节是一个全家团圆的节日，按照中国的农历，每年的八月十五，月圆的那天就是中秋节。就算是那些无法回家的人，也会在中秋节那天抬头望向那一轮圆圆的明月，寄托对故乡的思念。这是海内外中国人的共同情感，就像中国的一首著名的诗里所说的，“海上生明月，天涯共此时”。
+As a court art, cloisonné is a noble decorative art in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, as well as a symbol of royal power and status. --[[User:Li Liqin|Li Liqin]] ([[User talk:Li Liqin|talk]]) 05:59, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-The Mid-autumn Festival is a festival for families to get together in China. It falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month when the full moon returns to the sky. Those who cannot return home look at the round and bright moon and think of their family. Chinese people all around the world shrare the same emotion, and just like an ancient Chinese poem says, the moon was rising from the sea and all the people were sharing this moment.
+.在湖北曾侯乙墓出土的漆器有220多件。这些漆器是楚墓中年代最早也是最为精彩的，而且品类全，器型大，风格古朴，这些精美的漆器体现了楚文化的神韵。
-.古代的指南针像一把汤勺,把它放在平滑的盘子上，依靠磁铁的原理，勺柄就会指向南方。后来人们用小小的钢针代替了汤勺，指南针就更轻便了。600多年前，郑和先后七次下西洋，便是依靠了指南针导航。
+There are more than 220 lacquer wares unearthed from the tomb of Zenghouyi(the lord of Zeng state in the Western Zhou Dynasty) in Hubei. These lacquer wares are among the earliest and most exciting things in the Chu tombs, and they have a wide range of types, simple styles and large in size.These exquisite lacquer wares reflect the charm of Chu culture.--[[User:Tan Yuanyuan|Tan Yuanyuan]] ([[User talk:Tan Yuanyuan|talk]]) 15:29, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
-The ancient compass, Zhinanzhen, looked like a spoon. When the spoon was put on a plate, its handle could point to the south using magnetic fields. Then Chinese used a little steel needle to replace the spoon and this made the Zhinanzhen easier to carry. More than 600 years ago, Zheng He, a famous eunuch of the Ming Dynasty, traveled to Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean seven times with the help of the Zhinanzhen. --Ouyang Ling
+There are more than 220 lacquer wares unearthed from the tomb of Zenghouyi(the lord of Zeng state in the Western Zhou Dynasty) in Hubei. These lacquer wares are among the most time-honoured and most exciting things in the Chu tombs, and they have a wide range of types, simple styles and they are large in size.These exquisite lacquer wares reflect the charm of Chu culture.--[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 03:00, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-=====Peng Ruihong 彭锐宏=====
+.木雕是以各种木材及树根为材料进行雕刻，是以传统雕刻工艺中的重要门类。木雕的历史非常悠久，在浙江余姚河姆渡文化遗址就有木雕鱼出土，这是我国木雕史上最早的实物。
-. 长沙位于湖南省东部偏北，湘江下游和长沙盆地西缘。东邻江西省宜春、萍乡两市，南接株洲、湘潭两市，西连娄底、益阳两市，北抵岳阳、益阳两市。
-Changsha is located in the north east of Hunan Province, the lower reaches of the Xiangjiang River and the western edge of the Changsha Basin.  It is adjacent to Yichun and Pingxiang in Jiangxi Province in the east, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan in the south, Loudi and Yiyang in the west, and Yueyang and Yiyang in the north.
+Wood carving is based on a variety of materials such as wood and tree roots.It is an important category in traditional carving crafts. The wood in the shape of a carved fish has a very long history. Wood carving fish were unearthed at the Hemudu Cultural Site in Yuyao,Zhejiang province. This is the earliest physical object in the history of wood carving in my country.--[[User:Tan Yuanyuan|Tan Yuanyuan]] ([[User talk:Tan Yuanyuan|talk]]) 15:29, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
-. 中秋节与春节、清明节、端午节并称为中国四大传统节日。受中华文化的影响，中秋节也是东亚和东南亚一些国家尤其是当地的华人华侨的传统节日。2006年5月20日，国务院将其列入首批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。自2008年起中秋节被列为国家法定节假日。
+Wood carving is an important category in traditional carving craftsis based on a variety of materials such as wood and tree roots.It has a very long history. The shape of fish of wood carving were unearthed at the Hemudu Cultural Site in Yuyao,Zhejiang province. This is the earliest physical object in the history of wood carving in China.--[[User:Yang Hairong|Yang Hairong]] ([[User talk:Yang Hairong|talk]]) 02:55, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-The Mid-Autumn Festival, the Spring Festival, the Ching Ming Festival, and the Dragon Boat Festival are also known as the four traditional Chinese festivals.  Influenced by Chinese culture, Mid-Autumn Festival is also a traditional festival for some countries in East Asia and Southeast Asia, especially local Chinese and overseas Chinese.  On May 20, 2006, the State Council included it in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists.  The Mid-Autumn Festival has been listed as a national legal holiday since 2008.
+==Tang Bei 汤蓓==
+.苏绣色彩清新高雅，织工精巧细腻，以晕染和色与色之间留空线为其特色。其图案主题丰富多样，有庆祝丰收，丰衣足食，龙凤呈祥，健康长寿，美好邂逅，人丁兴旺等主题。
-.四大发明是中国古代人民的智慧成果和科学技术，包括造纸术、指南针、火药、印刷术。
+The characteristics of Su embroidery include elegant colors, fine needling, the application of halo dyeing, and the vacant lines left between colors. Its pattern themes vary from "the celebration of harvest", "wealthy family", "dragon and phoenix symbolic of the propitious" to "well-being through hundreds of years", "happy encounter", and "abundance in family".--[[User:Tang Bei|Tang Bei]] ([[User talk:Tang Bei|talk]]) 07:38, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-四种发明对中国古代的政治、经济、文化的发展产生了巨大的推动作用，经各种途径传至西方，对世界文明发展史产生巨大的影响力。
-The four great inventions are the wisdom and science and technology of the ancient Chinese people, including papermaking, compass, gunpowder, and printing.
+.景泰蓝有500多年的历史，是一种以雕塑，绘画，瓷器制作和铜作独特结合的艺术，起源于元朝北京。现存最古老的一块景泰蓝制于元朝，但是景泰蓝在明朝发生了重大变化，约1450年至1456年，人们发现了一种新的蓝色颜料，由于中文“蓝”代表了蓝色，所以人们命名其为景泰蓝。景泰蓝的制作是一个相当复杂的过程，其所有的成品造型优雅，色彩耀眼，设计优美。其大部分成品用于出口，且驰名于国内外。
- The four inventions greatly promoted the development of politics, economy, and culture in ancient China. They were spread to the West through various channels and exerted tremendous influence on the history of world civilization.--[[User:Peng Ruihong|Peng Ruihong]] ([[User talk:Peng Ruihong|talk]]) 00:50, 28 September 2020 (UTC)--[[User:Peng Ruihong|Peng Ruihong]] ([[User talk:Peng Ruihong|talk]]) 00:50, 28 September 2020 (UTC)
---[[User:Peng Ruihong|Peng Ruihong]] ([[User talk:Peng Ruihong|talk]]) 02:57, 28 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Qu Miao 瞿淼=====
+Cloisonne(Jingtailan) has a history of over 500 years. Its art is a unique combination of sculpture, painting, porcelain making and copper-smithing that is said to have originated in Beijing during the Yuan Dynasty(1271-1368). The oldest extant piece was made during the Yuan Dynasty, but Cloisonne underwent a major change during the Ming Dynasty when a  new blue pigment was discovered at about 1450 to 1456, and gave Jintailan its current name based on the Chinese word "lan" for blue. The making of Cloisonne requires rather elaborate and complicated processes; all the products are elegant in molding, dazzling in color and graceful in design. It enjoys a high reputation both at home and abroad with most of its products for export.--[[User:Tang Bei|Tang Bei]] ([[User talk:Tang Bei|talk]]) 07:38, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-. 大陆海岸线长达18000余千米，隔着大海，跟日本、菲律宾、马来西亚、印度尼西亚以及文莱等国家和地区遥遥相望。
-The continental coastline reaches a length of 18000 kilometers, which separated by the sea with countries and areas including Japan, the Philippines, Malaysia’s, Indonesia, Brunei and so on.
-. 农历八月十五日是中国的传统节日—-中秋节。在这天，每个家庭都团聚在一起，一家人共同欣赏象征丰裕、和谐和幸福的圆月。此时，大人们吃着美味的月饼，品着热腾腾的香茗，而孩子们则在一旁拉着兔子灯尽情玩耍。
+.在唐朝(618-907年)，中国漆器出现了一种新的风格，其特点是使用各种形状的金或银片，如鸟、动物和花卉。把镂空的图案贴在漆器的表面，然后涂上一层新的漆，晒干，然后磨掉，这样表面就可以被抛光，露出下面金色或银色的图案。这是通过一种叫做平拓的技术完成的。这样的技术是费时的，但这些漆器是高度精致。这也是最早的漆器雕刻开始的时期。
-The fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month is the Chinese traditional festival—the Mid-Autumn Festival. On this day, every family is reunited to enjoy the full moon which is a symbol of abundance, harmony and happiness. At this time, adults are eating delicious mooncakes and drinking fragrant hot tea, while children are having fun with rabbit-shaped lanterns in their hands.
-. 张衡（78-139），字平子，东汉著名天文学家。《灵宪》一文全面地体现了他在天文学上的成就。他认为宇宙在空间上没有边界，在时间上没有起点，他发明制作了世界上第一台天文仪器浑天仪。
+In the Tang dynasty (618–907), Chinese lacquerware saw a new style marked by the use of sheets of gold or silver made in various shapes, such as birds, animals, and flowers. The cut-outs were affixed onto the surface of the lacquerware, after which new layers of lacquer were applied, dried, and then ground away, so the surface could be polished to reveal the golden or silvery patterns beneath.This was done by a technique known as pingtuo.Such techniques were time-consuming and costly, but these lacquerware were considered highly refined. It was also the period when the earliest practice of carving lacquerware began.--[[User:Tang Bei|Tang Bei]] ([[User talk:Tang Bei|talk]]) 07:38, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-Zheng Heng(78-139), whose courtesy name is Pingzi, is a famous astronomer in the Estern Han Dynasty. The article Ling Xian comprehensively reveals his achievements on astronomy. He held the view that the universe has no boundary in space and no origin in time. And he invented the world’s first astronomical instrument—the artillery sphere.--[[User:Qu Miao|Qu Miao]] ([[User talk:Qu Miao|talk]]) 15:20, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Shi Haiyao 石海瑶=====
+.出于许多原因，石头自古以来就被用来雕刻。大多数种类的石头都比金属矿石容易找到，因为金属矿石则需要开采和冶炼。石头可以从表面挖出，用手工工具雕刻。石头比木头更耐久，所以石头上雕刻的东西比木制工艺品耐久得多。此外，石头有很多品种，艺术家在颜色、质量和相对硬度上有较为丰富的选择。
-原文：马尔代夫是南亚印度洋上的群岛国家，座落在印度洋南端西南方向300公里、斯里兰卡以西450公里处；由北向南经过赤道纵列，形成了一条长长的礁岛群地带。1190个美丽的珊瑚礁岛屿散落在宽广、碧蓝的印度洋海面上似一幅美丽的画卷。如果把马尔代夫形容为美丽的热带天堂是一点也不为过的。马尔代夫明媚的阳光、清澈的海水和白色的沙滩以及岛屿所衍生的诱惑力，吸引着来自世界各地的游客；使之成为趋之若鹜的旅游度假胜地。
-译文：Maldives is an archipelago state in Indian Ocean of South Asia, located on  300 miles southwest of the southern tip of Indian Ocean and 450 miles west of Sri Lanka. it stretches from north to south, goes through the equatorial column and forms a long coral islands zone. 1190 magnificent coral islands are scattered among the vast and azure Indian Ocean, like a beautiful scroll painting. It is of no exaggeration if one describes Maldives as gorgeous tropical paradise. Bright sunshine, limpid ocean and white beach of Maldives as well as derivative allure of this island attract tourists throughout the world, transforming it into a popular tourist resort.
-原文：在我国，农历七月初七的夜晚，天气温暖，草木飘香，这就是人们俗称的七夕节，也有人称之为“乞巧节”或“女儿节”，这是中国传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的一个节日，也是过去姑娘们最为重视的日子。 在晴朗的夏秋之夜，天上繁星闪耀，一道白茫茫的银河横贯南北，争河的东西两岸，各有一颗闪亮的星星，隔河相望，遥遥相对，那就是牵牛星和织女星。
+Stone has been used for carving since ancient times for many reasons. Most types of stone are easier to find than metal ores, which have to be mined and smelted. Stone can be dug from the surface and carved with hand tools. Stone is more durable than wood, and carvings in stone last much longer than wooden artifacts. Stone comes in many varieties and artists have abundant choices in color, quality and relative hardness.--[[User:Tang Bei|Tang Bei]] ([[User talk:Tang Bei|talk]]) 07:38, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-译文：The Magpie Festival, on the 7th day of the 7th lunar month, is a traditional festival in China. It is in mid-summer when the weather is warm and the grass and trees give off a fragrant perfume. Someone also call it “Qiqiao Festival” or “Daughter Festival”. It is one of the most romantic festival among Chinese traditional festival and the most precious day for girls in the past. In a fine night of summer and autumn, stars twinkle in the sky, a vast expanse of white milky way stretches from north to south, on each bank of it is a bright star, which faces each other from afar. They are Altair and Vega.
-原文：火药是中国古代炼丹家发明于隋唐时期，距今已有一千多年了。火药的研究开始于古代道家炼丹术，古人为求长生不老而炼制丹药，炼丹术的目的和动机都是超前的，但它的实验方法还是有可取之处，最后导致了火药的发明。
+. The color of Suzhou Embroidery is simple and elegant and the skill is delicate, with the characteristics of dyes and the blank between colors. The patterns are diverse, with the themes such as the celebration of harvest, enough food and clothes, Dragon and Phoenix , health and longevity, good fortunes and growing population.
-译文：Gunpowder was invented by ancient Chinese alchemist in Sui and Tang dynasties more than 1000 years ago. The initial gunpowder research stemmed from Taoist alchemy. The ancients refined elixir for the sake of immortality. Though the purpose and motive of alchemy were unrealistic, its experimental method was advisable that led to the invention of gunpowder.--[[User:Shi Haiyao|Shi Haiyao]] ([[User talk:Shi Haiyao|talk]]) 12:00, 26 September 2020 (UTC)石海瑶
-=====Si Yu 司妤=====
+. Cloisonne, with a history of over 500 years, is an art that combines scripture, painting, china making and copper making, originating from Beijing, Yuan Dynasty. The oldest preserved Cloisonne was made in Yuan Dynasty, but it had experienced great changes in Ming Dynasty. From about 1450 to 1456, people found a new blue color. Because of “Blue” in Chinese represented blue color, people called it Cloisonne. The making process is relatively complicated, for its style is elegant, its color is dazzling and its design delicate. Most of the Cloisonne is for export, famous home and abroad.
-浙江，位于中国东部，紧邻中国最大的都市上海，省会杭州距离上海仅需一小时不到的高铁车程。
-Zhejiang is an eastern province in China. It stands in close proximity to Shanghai, the largest city in the country. It takes less than an hour to Shanghai from Hangzhou, the capital city of Zhejiang by high-speed train.--[[User:Si Yu|Si Yu]] ([[User talk:Si Yu|talk]]) 14:36, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
-Zhejiang,located in the east of China,bordered by the biggest city in China, Shanghai. And Hangzhou ,the provincial capital of Zhejiang, is less than one hour away from Shanghai by high-speed train.--[[User:Liu Yi|Liu Yi]] ([[User talk:Liu Yi|talk]]) 08:12, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
+. The development and circulation of paper-cutting has close relationship with Chinese festival in countryside. For marriage and festivals, people often attach paper-cuttings to the wall, window and door, the color of which is often red, representing health and prosperity. --[[User:Yang chenting|Yang chenting]] ([[User talk:Yang chenting|talk]]) 01:31, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Yang Chenting
-Located in the east of China, Zhejiang Province is bordered by Shanghai which is the biggest city in China. Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang province, is less than on hour away from Shanghai by high-speed train.--[[User:Yang Hairong|Yang Hairong]] ([[User talk:Yang Hairong|talk]]) 13:44, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
+==Tang Yiran 汤伊然==
+.湘绣强调写实，质朴而优美，形象生动，结构上虚实结合，巧妙地将中国传统的绘画、刺绣、诗词、书法、金石各种艺术融为一体。
+Xiang embroidery focuses on authenticity and boasts vivid and exquisite designs. With the combination of the real and the virtual, it integrates many other Chinese traditional arts including painting, embroidery, poetry, calligraphy and epigraphy.--[[User:Tang Yiran1|Tang Yiran1]] ([[User talk:Tang Yiran1|talk]]) 04:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
-吉隆坡一些地方的华人社团当前举行了提灯笼游行庆中秋活动，除舞龙舞狮外，一辆辆载有"嫦娥"、"七仙女"的花车漫游其间，服饰鲜艳的艺人和青年载歌载舞。
+The Xiang embroidery focuses on authenticity and boasts simple, exquisite and vivid designs. With the combination of the real and the virtual, it integrates many other Chinese traditional arts ingeniously including painting, embroidery, poetry, calligraphy and epigraphy.--[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 12:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
-Some ethnic Chinese groups in Kuala Lumpur and other regions are having lantern parade in celebration of Mid-Autumn festival. Apart from dancing dragons and lions, one can find elaborate floats carrying ‘Chang’e’and ‘Seven Fairies’, artists in brightly colored costumes and young people who are dancing and singing.--[[User:Si Yu|Si Yu]] ([[User talk:Si Yu|talk]]) 14:36, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
-Chinese societies in some parts of Kuala Lumpur are currently holding lantern parades to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival. In addition to the dragon and lion dances, many floats  which carry "Chang'e" and "Seven Fairies" wandering around here. And artists and young people in beautiful costumes  will sing and dance.--[[User:Liu Yi|Liu Yi]] ([[User talk:Liu Yi|talk]]) 08:12, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
+.清代的景泰蓝工艺比明代有提高，胎薄，掐丝细，彩釉也比明代要鲜艳，并且无砂眼，花纹图案繁复多样。
+The technology of cloisonné further developed in the Qing Dynasty over that of the Ming Dynasty, with thinner body, finer wire inlay and brighter glaze. Besides, Qing’s cloisonné was free from sand hole and had intricate and varied patterns.--[[User:Tang Yiran1|Tang Yiran1]] ([[User talk:Tang Yiran1|talk]]) 04:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+The technology of cloisonné further developed in the Qing Dynasty over that in the Ming Dynasty, with thinner body, finer wire inlay and brighter glaze. Besides, Qing’s cloisonné was free from sand holes and had intricate and various patterns.--[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 12:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+.漆器在收藏时应注意避免阳光曝晒、烟熏。收藏室的湿度和温度不宜急剧变化，避免忽干忽湿，最好把漆器放在温度和湿度比较恒定的房中。
+Sun and smoke should be avoided for storing lacquerware and the temperature and humidity of the collection room better need to be sustained.--[[User:Tang Yiran1|Tang Yiran1]] ([[User talk:Tang Yiran1|talk]]) 04:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+Be careful not to expose the lacquerwares to strong sunshine and smoke when storing them. The humility and temperature in collection room should be steady.  To avoid the abrupt change in external environment, it would be better to the lacquerwares in room with sustained temperature and humidity. --[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 12:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
-公元前117年，东汉的张衡制造了大型天文计时仪器--水运浑天仪，初步具备了机械性计时器的作用。随后历代都相继制作了附设有计时装置的仪器，其中，宋代苏颂制造的水运仪象台，把机械装置的发展推到了一个新的高峰。
+.宗教雕塑主要保存于寺庙和石窟寺之内，由于寺庙毁损严重，石窟寺雕塑便成为宗教雕塑遗存的主要代表。
-In 117 BC, Zhang Heng in the Eastern Han Dynasty invented the water-driven celestial globe which was equipped with basic functions of a mechanical timekeeper. In the following dynasties, instruments possessed timekeeping devices were created, among which the water-driven celestial observatory created by Su Song in the Song Dynasty pushed the development of timekeepers to a new height.--[[User:Si Yu|Si Yu]] ([[User talk:Si Yu|talk]]) 14:36, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
+Religious sculptures were preserved in temples and grottoes. Due to severe damage of the former, the remains of these sculptures were mainly housed by the latter.--[[User:Tang Yiran1|Tang Yiran1]] ([[User talk:Tang Yiran1|talk]]) 04:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+Religious sculptures were mainly preserved in temples and grottoes. Due to severe damage to the former, the remains of these sculptures were primarily housed by the latter.--[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 12:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+Religious sculptures were mainly preserved in temples and grottoes. Due to the severe damage to the temples, the cave temple sculptures became the main representative of the remains of religious sculptures.--[[User:WuQiong|WuQiong]] ([[User talk:WuQiong|talk]]) 14:53, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Wang Meiling 王美玲==
+.苏绣为苏州刺绣之简称，它以产生之地命名，历史上曾广泛存在于苏州城乡。近十年来苏绣行业逐渐萎缩，现主要集中于苏州市区和高新区东渚镇、镇湖街道一带。苏绣技艺的起源不详。现存的宋代以来苏绣实物显示了不同历史时期苏绣技艺的发展状况和实际水平，如元代苏绣残片表明，当时已有一件作品运用9种刺绣针法；明代绣品多采用文人画稿，开始形成精细雅洁的独特风格；清代苏绣成为行业，商品绣极为发达，苏州因此有“绣市”之称。
+Suzhou embroidery is the abbreviation of Suzhou embroidery,which is named after the place where it came into being.In history, itt once existed widely and spreadly in Suzhou urban and rural areas . In recent ten years, Suzhou embroidery industry has gradually shrunk off, now being mainly distributed in  urban areas, Dongzhu county and Zhenhu street of Gaoxin District in Suzhou. The origin of Suzhou embroidery remains unknown to public. The existing Suzhou embroidery in kind since the Song Dynasty showcase the development status and practical level of Suzhou embroidery skills in different historical periods. For example, in the Yuan Dynasty,the fragments of Suzhou embroidery indicates that there was a work made by nine kinds of embroidery needle techniques; in the Ming Dynasty, most embroidery adopoted literati drawings, and began to form a unique style of refinement and delicacy; for the Qing Dynasty,Suzhou embroidery came to be an industry ,whose commodity embroidery was extraordinarily developed. Due to these,Suzhou was well-known as "Embroidery Market".--[[User:Wang Meiling|Wang Meiling]] ([[User talk:Wang Meiling|talk]]) 02:34, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+.景泰蓝并非我国本土工艺，而是在元代从阿拉伯传入我国的特殊工艺。经过明朝和清朝两代的发展，这项有着异域风情的工艺有了非凡的成就。景泰蓝的华美在于它几乎集合了当时几大工艺品的艺术优势，在匠师们的潜心研制之下形成了属于自己的风格。将金属制品和珐琅工艺的结合本身就是一项艺术的挑战，而它借鉴了瓷器和青铜器的制作技艺，又融合和绘画和雕刻工艺，几乎集合了当时金银镶嵌工艺的最精华部分，可以说是封建手工艺的集大成者，也是宫廷内饰最精美的存在。
+Cloisonne is not a native craft in China, but a special one introduced from Arabia during Yuan Dynasty. After its development of Ming and Qing Dynasties, this exotic craft has made remarkable achievements. The gorgeous beauty of Cloisonne lies in that it almost gathered the artistic edges of several major crafts at that time, and formed its own style under the painstaking efforts made by craftsmen. The combination of metal products and enamel technology is an artistic challenge in itself, which not only draws on the production techniques of porcelain and bronzes, but integrates painting and carving techniques.Due to this,gathering the most essential part of the gold and silver mosaic process at that time,it can be much well of the master of feudal handicraft and of the most exquisite existence of court interior decorations.--[[User:Wang Meiling|Wang Meiling]] ([[User talk:Wang Meiling|talk]]) 02:34, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+.中国现代考古发掘实物证明，中国是世界上最早发现并使用天然漆的国家。七千年前的浙江余姚河姆渡原始文化遗址中已经出土了木胎涂漆（自然生漆）碗。夏、商、西周三代已逐渐从单纯使用天然漆到使用色料调漆。人们不断熟悉、了解漆的性能，改造、利用漆所特有的经久耐牢、不退色、不怕潮湿、鲜亮美观等性能，为美化自己的生活服务。
+Modern archaeological excavations in China have proved that China is the first country worldwide to discover and utilize natural lacquer. Seven thousand years ago, wooden painted (natural lacquer) bowls have been unearthed from the Hemudu primitive cultural site in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province. During the period of Xia, Shang and Western Zhou dynasties,the single use of natural lacquer was gradually changed to the use of pigment.To make their lives better,people are constantly familiar with and understand the properties of the paint, transform and utilize the unique ones, such as durability, not being afraid of color fading and moisture, brightness and good look.--[[User:Wang Meiling|Wang Meiling]] ([[User talk:Wang Meiling|talk]]) 02:34, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+.温州乐清的黄杨木雕始于宋元，流行于明清，受清末文人画的影响，刀法纯朴圆润，细腻流畅，人物刻划形神兼备，众多人物的长卷式作品结构虚实相生，市井万象、仕女美人，各有韵味，是中国四大主要木雕流派中最深入细腻，也是东方古典主义的象征之一。The boxwood carving in Yueqing, Wenzhou, began in the song and Yuan Dynasties and bacame popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Due to the influences of the literati paintings at late Qing Dynasty, its techniques of knives are of simplicity, roundness, delicacy and smoothness. The characters are characterized by unity of shape and spirit, most of whose structures of the long scroll works showcase both virtuality and reality. For example, phenonmenons in evey nook and cranny of the city, ladies and beauties have their own special charm.The boxwood carving is the most profound and exquisite among the four major wood carving schools in China, and is also one of the symbols of oriental classicism.--[[User:Wang Meiling|Wang Meiling]] ([[User talk:Wang Meiling|talk]]) 02:30, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Wang Xuan 王轩==
+.中国古代的刺绣，很长一段时间内在国际艺术品市场上不走俏，价格平平。直到1993年起在香港、新加坡等地，才开始有人专门收集。据市场分析家推论，要使刺绣品成为国际市场上的新宠儿，还需收藏家们10年时间的努力。近两年国内一些艺术品拍卖会上，刺绣拍品，价格竞现高攀，非常吸引买家竞争。刺绣在国外也享有很高的声誉。在外国人眼里，刺绣是中国文化艺术的代表之一。
+The ancient Chinese embroidery did not come into international artwork market's favour until some people in Hong Kong and Singapore started to collect it in 1993. According to the presumption of the analysts, it takes at least 10 years' hard work for collectors to make embroidery popular. In recent years' domestic artwork auction, high prices of embroidery have drawn competition from different buyers. Besides, it also enjoys a prestigious reputation overseas as it represents the Chinese culture and art.--[[User:Wang Xuan|Wang Xuan]] ([[User talk:Wang Xuan|talk]]) 03:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan
+. 中国有句很有哲理的老话，“他山之石，可以攻玉”，即使这种以金属为胎填敷珐琅釉料烧制而成的作品是舶来品，但在中华民族博大精深的艺术土壤上，也很快就融会了中华民族的传统风格，成为中国工艺美术史上一颗璀璨的明珠。
+As an ancient Chinese saying goes:“There are hills whose stones are good for working jade(Advice from others may help one overcome his shortcomings)”, this work, though imported, which made of mental and filled with enamel glaze, soon became a bright pearl in the history of Chinese arts and crafts by absorbing the ancient Chinese traditions on the vast artistic land.--[[User:Wang Xuan|Wang Xuan]] ([[User talk:Wang Xuan|talk]]) 03:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan
+. 刻葫芦是甘肃兰州的传统工艺品，在清代开始流传于民间。这些葫芦是经过精心栽培的，大的如鸡蛋，小的如算盘珠子，皮质细腻光滑，当它成熟采摘后，经过刮皮、晒干、磨光等加工处理后，它显得非常光亮圆润。然后艺人们就在葫芦上进行设计，施展各种针法、刀法等技巧，刻画出山水、人物、花草、鸟兽等。有的葫芦，开口雕花，有的配以盖、底座，还有的吊空悬挂等。它作为兰州地区比较有特色的旅游工艺品，很受人们的欢迎。
+Gourd carving is a traditional handicraft in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, which began to spread among the people in the Qing Dynasty. These gourds are carefully cultivated, big as eggs, small as abacus beads with delicate and smooth skins. When ripe and picked, after scraping, drying, polishing and other processing, they look very bright and round. Then artists design the gourd, using various skills such as needling and knife techniques to depict landscapes, figures, flowers and plants, birds and animals. Some gourds are carved with openings, some are equipped with covers and bases, and some are suspended in the air. It is very popular as a unique tourist handicraft in Lanzhou, .--[[User:Wang Xuan|Wang Xuan]] ([[User talk:Wang Xuan|talk]]) 03:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan
+. 中国古代漆器的工艺，早在新石器时代就已经出现，夏代的木胎漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀，并常用朱、黑二色来髹涂。
+The craft of ancient Chinese lacquerware has appeared as early as the Neolithic age. The wood bodied lacquerware of Xia Dynasty is not only used for daily life, but also for sacrifice, and it is often painted in two colors of red and black.--[[User:Wang Xuan|Wang Xuan]] ([[User talk:Wang Xuan|talk]]) 03:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan
+==Wu Qiong 吴琼==
+.刺绣在渭南世代相传，遍及全市。
+Embroidery has been passed down from generation to generation in Weinan and spread throughout the city.--[[User:WuQiong|WuQiong]] ([[User talk:WuQiong|talk]]) 14:48, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+.Embroidery has been passed on from generation to generation in Weinan, pervading the whole city.--[[User:Xiao Shuangling|Xiao Shuangling]] ([[User talk:Xiao Shuangling|talk]]) 02:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling
+.Embroidery has been passed on from generation to generation in Weinan(a city in Shaanxi Province), pervading the whole city.--[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 03:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.因其在明朝景泰年间盛行，制作技艺比较成熟，使用的珐琅釉多以蓝色为主，故而得名“景泰蓝”。
+As it was popular in the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty, the production skills were relatively mature, and the enamel glaze mainly was blue, hence owned the name "cloisonne".--[[User:WuQiong|WuQiong]] ([[User talk:WuQiong|talk]]) 14:48, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+.The name "Cloisonne" is derived from the fact that it was popular during the Jingtai Period of the Ming Dynasty, its production techniques were relatively mature and the enamell glaze was mostly blue.--[[User:Xiao Shuangling|Xiao Shuangling]] ([[User talk:Xiao Shuangling|talk]]) 02:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling
+.用漆器作涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆，光彩照人。
+Using the lacquerer with special functions such as moisture resistance, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance as a coating, it can also be used to formulate different color paints with brilliance.--[[User:WuQiong|WuQiong]] ([[User talk:WuQiong|talk]]) 14:48, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+.Using lacquerware as paint, it has special functions of moisture resistance, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. It can also be used to prepare different colors of paints with brilliant luster.--[[User:Xiao Shuangling|Xiao Shuangling]] ([[User talk:Xiao Shuangling|talk]]) 02:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling
+. lacquer, as a kind of paint, has special functions of resistence to moisture, high temperature and corrosion. It can also be used to prepare different colors of paints with brilliant luster.--[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 03:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.刀法就是雕刻家用来体现自己创作构思的技术手法，也是形象地揭示艺术内容的手段。
+The way the sculptors carve embodies their technique skills with creative ideas, and it is also a way to vividly reveal the artistic content.--[[User:WuQiong|WuQiong]] ([[User talk:WuQiong|talk]]) 14:48, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+.Knife technique is a technique used by sculptors to embody their creative ideas, as well as a means to reveal artistic content vividly.--[[User:Xiao Shuangling|Xiao Shuangling]] ([[User talk:Xiao Shuangling|talk]]) 02:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling
+The technique of using a knife is an approach for sculptors to reflecting their skills of creating ideas and a way of vividly revealing the content of art.  --[[User:Zhao Xi|Zhao Xi]] ([[User talk:Zhao Xi|talk]]) 13:29, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+The technique of using knife is a  technique for sculptors to embody their own creative conception, as well as an approch to vividly revealing the content of art.--[[User:Luo Yuqing|Luo Yuqing]] ([[User talk:Luo Yuqing|talk]]) 13:38, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Wu Yilu 吴一露==
+.粤秀在唐朝得到了充分发展。粤秀具有丰富而复杂的设计，鲜艳的色彩和强烈
+的装饰效果。粤秀具有光滑，均匀的特点。虽然众多设计中，在越秀中最常见的是鸟崇拜太阳，飞龙和凤凰。
+The Yue (another name for Guangdong Province) Embroidery has got a full development in Tang Dynasty. It is rich and complicated in design with bright colors and strong decorative function. The characteristic of the Yue Embroidery is smooth and even. There is a wide range of designs, however, among them, birds’ worship toward sun, dragons and phoenixes are the commonest ones in the Yue Embroidery.--[[User:Wu Yilu|Wu Yilu]] ([[User talk:Wu Yilu|talk]]) 11:44, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称，成为驰名世界的传统手工艺品。
+Beijing is the cradle, as well as the important place of production, of Chinese cloisonne. Beijing cloisonne is known for its elegant and grand design, complex pattern and fresh and grave color, which makes it become a world-famous traditional handicraft.--[[User:Wu Yilu|Wu Yilu]] ([[User talk:Wu Yilu|talk]]) 11:44, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.据记载，庄子年轻时曾经做过管理漆业的小官。漆器生产工序复杂，耗工耗时，漆器品种又特别繁多，不仅用于装饰家具、器皿、文具和艺术品，而且还应用于乐器、丧葬用具、兵器等。
+According to historical records, the ancient Chinese sage, Zhuang Zi used to be an officer in charge of the production of lacquerware.This  process was very complicated, labor- and time-consuming. There are various kinds of lacquerware, which was widely used to decorate furniture, utensils, stationery and artwork, but also used in Musical Instruments, funeral utensils, weapons and so on.--[[User:Wu Yilu|Wu Yilu]] ([[User talk:Wu Yilu|talk]]) 11:44, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.雕刻是指各种可塑材料或可雕、可刻的硬质材料，创造出具有可视、可触的艺术形象，借以反映社会生活、表达艺术家的审美感受、审美情感、审美理想的艺术。
+Carving refers to turn any plastic hard materials or those which could be carved into visible and touchable artistic images, which reflects social life and conveys the artist's aesthetic feeling, aesthetic emotion and aesthetic ideal.--[[User:Wu Yilu|Wu Yilu]] ([[User talk:Wu Yilu|talk]]) 11:44, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Wu Zijia 吴子佳==
+.湘绣的绣线要经过荚仁液蒸发处理后再裹竹纸拭擦，使丝绒光洁平整不易起毛，便于刺绣操作。
+.The thread used in Xiang embroidery should be steamed by liqiud made by pod kernel first to make its surface smooth ,and in doing so, the thread will be uneasy to become rough,which is helpful for craftmen to do the embroidery.
+.景泰蓝完全由手工制成，制作过程十分精细，需要经过制胎、掐丝、烧焊、点蓝、烧蓝、磨光、镀金等十余道工序。
+.Cloisonne is compeletly handmade ,with more than ten exquisite procedures including base-hammering,copper-strip inlay,soldering,enamel-filling,enamel-firing,electroplating and gilding.
+.夏代的木胎漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀，并常用朱、黑二色来髹涂。
+.The wood lacquerware is not only for daily use but also for worship.It is usually applied by black and vermilion lacquer.
+.平时佩戴玉的时候需要好好保养,不要碰到强碱性的物质,容易被腐蚀。
+.when wearing a jade ornament ,one should be careful to avoid some substance with strong alkline as it may cause corrosion.
+--[[User:Wu Zijia|Wu Zijia]] ([[User talk:Wu Zijia|talk]]) 13:59, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Wu Zijia
+When worn, jade ornament needs protecting from strongly alkine substance to avoid being corroded.--[[User:XieFan|XieFan]] ([[User talk:XieFan|talk]]) 06:45, 23 November 2020 (UTC)
+==Xiao Shuangling 肖双玲==
+.刺绣作为一个地域广泛的手工艺品，各个国家、各个民族通过长期的积累和发展，都有其自身的特长和优势。
+.Embroidery, as a wide range of regional handicrafts, has its own specialties and advantages through long-term accumulation and development of various countries and nationalities.--[[User:Xiao Shuangling|Xiao Shuangling]] ([[User talk:Xiao Shuangling|talk]]) 02:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling
+As a handicraft not confined to a certain area, embroidery enjoys unique local features after a long development history  in different countries. --[[User:Li Liqin|Li Liqin]] ([[User talk:Li Liqin|talk]]) 06:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+.景泰蓝见于实物，以明宣德年间（1426年～1435年）为最多。这个时期，工艺的风格特点已经形成，接近成熟时期。
+.Cloisonne can be seen real objects, most of which were be found in Xuande Period of Ming Dynasty(1426～1435). During this period, the style and charactereistics of the craft have been formed, approaching the mature stage.--[[User:Xiao Shuangling|Xiao Shuangling]] ([[User talk:Xiao Shuangling|talk]]) 02:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling
+. Cloisonne can be seen in objects, most of which have been made in Xuande Period of Ming Dynasty(1426-1435). During this period, the style and characteristics of the craft have been formed, approaching the mature stage.--[[User:Luo Weijia|Luo Weijia]] ([[User talk:Luo Weijia|talk]]) 02:37, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.中国古代漆器的工艺，早在新石器时代就已经出现，夏代的木胎漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀。
+.The craft of ancient Chinese lacquerware appeared as early as the Neolithic age. The wooden lacquerware of Xia Dynasty was used not only in daily life, but also used for sacrifice.--[[User:Xiao Shuangling|Xiao Shuangling]] ([[User talk:Xiao Shuangling|talk]]) 02:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling
+.牙雕、玉雕等工艺由于材料昂贵，做工又十分的精细，所以逐渐从实用品转变为欣赏品，因此被人们称为“特种工艺”。
+.Because of the expensive materials and exquisite workmanship, ivory carving and jade carving have gradually changed from practical products to appreciation products, so they are called "special crafts".--[[User:Xiao Shuangling|Xiao Shuangling]] ([[User talk:Xiao Shuangling|talk]]) 02:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling
+Owing to the expensive materials and exquite crafts, ivory carving and jade carving have gradually transformed from utility to artistry, hence they are known as “special crafts”.--[[User:Shi Haiyao|Shi Haiyao]] ([[User talk:Shi Haiyao|talk]]) 02:58, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Xiao Ting 肖婷==
+.至清末民初（20世纪初期），湘绣的发展达到鼎盛时期，甚至超越了苏绣，在中国刺绣业中独占鳌头。新中国成立后，湘绣工作者在继承传统的基础上致力创新，使湘绣工艺提高到一个崭新的水平。
+By the late Qing Dynasty (early 20th century), Hunan embroidery reached its heyday and even surpassed Su embroidery, becoming the leading embroidery art form in China.After the founding of the People's Republic of China, on the basis of tradition Hunan embroidery workers was dedicated to innovation  and raised the embroidery craft to a brand new level.
+By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the 20th century, the development of Hunan embroidery reached its peak, even surpassed Suzhou embroidery, which was the first one in China's embroidery industry.After the founding of New China, Hunan Embroidery Workers committed to innovation on the basis of inheriting the tradition, so that Hunan Embroidery process to a new level.--[[User:YangHui|YangHui]] ([[User talk:YangHui|talk]]) 08:51, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.景泰蓝，亦称“铜胎掐丝珐琅”，它是一种特种工艺品，是用细扁铜丝做线条，在铜制的胎上捏出各种图案花纹，再将五彩珐琅点填在花纹内，经烧制、磨平镀金而成。外观晶莹润泽，鲜艳夺目。
+Blue of Jingtai,also known as Cloisonne,is a special technology. Dedicate copper strips being bent into various patterns and designs on the copper-hammered base , and then colorful enamel points filling in the pattern,it was made through firing,polishing and gliding,whose appearance is crystal,glossy and resplendent.
+.中国古代漆器的工艺，早在新石器时代就已经出现，夏代的木胎漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀，并常用朱、黑二色来髹涂。
+As early as the Neolithic period, there was  the craft of lacquerware of ancient China. The wooden lacquerware of the Xia dynasty was not only used in daily life, but also in rituals, commonly painted in  vermilion and black.
+.历史悠久、技艺精湛的各种雕塑工艺，如牙雕、玉雕、木雕、石雕、泥雕、面塑、竹刻、骨刻、刻砚等，是中国工艺美术中一项珍贵的艺术遗产。牙雕、玉雕等工艺由于材料昂贵，做工又十分的精细，所以逐渐从实用品转变为欣赏品，因此被人们称为“特种工艺”
+The various sculpture techniques with long histories and exqusite skills, such as tooth carving, jade carving, wood carving, stone carving, clay carving, face sculpture, bamboo carving, bone carving, carved ink stone, etc. is a precious artistic heritage of Chinese arts and crafts.Ivory carving, jade carving and other crafts are gradually becoming artistic objects rather than utilities due to expensive raw materials and exquisite workmanship.--[[User:Xiao Ting|Xiao Ting]] ([[User talk:Xiao Ting|talk]]) 08:36, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Ting
+==Xie Fan 解帆==
+.刺绣工艺最基本的功能是对服饰的装饰，这种装饰并非只是起到简单的美化作用，同时发挥着诸多重要的功能，如标识身份，显示社会地位。
+The fundamental function of embroidery is to decorate clothes, which does not merely stand for embellishment, but also plays other significant roles in  identifying ones identity and displaying ones social status.--[[User:XieFan|XieFan]] ([[User talk:XieFan|talk]]) 14:23, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.刚从火中取出的景泰蓝颜色基本呈黑色，待其冷却后才显现出五彩缤纷的样貌。这项工艺始于明代景泰，而且初创时只有蓝色，所以叫景泰蓝。
+When taken out of fire, cloisonne is almost black while reveals its colorful appearance when cooled down.This craft is named after its birthplace-Jingtai in the Ming Dynasty,and its only colour at fist-blue.--[[User:XieFan|XieFan]] ([[User talk:XieFan|talk]]) 14:23, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.漆器在收藏时应注意避免阳光曝晒、烟熏，收藏室的湿度和温度不宜急剧变化，避免忽干忽湿，最好把漆器放在温度和湿度比较恒定的房中。
+When collecting lacquer, attention should be paid to avoid sun exposure and smoke. The humidity and temperature in the storeroom should not be changed dramatically, and it is better to put it in a room in which the temperature and humidity are relatively constant.--[[User:XieFan|XieFan]] ([[User talk:XieFan|talk]]) 14:23, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.在木雕艺术创作中，最有意义的探索是运用各种刀法。刀法好比书法、绘画中的笔触，它能起到加强、丰富作品艺术效果的作用。
+During wood carving, the most meaningful experience is the use of various knife techniques. Just as the brush strokes in calligraphy and painting, knife techniques can strengthen and enrich the artistic effect of a work.--[[User:XieFan|XieFan]] ([[User talk:XieFan|talk]]) 14:23, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Xu Jia 徐佳==
+. 宋代刺绣之发达，由于当时朝廷奖励提倡之故。为使作品达到书画之传神意境，绣前需先有计划，绣时需度其形势，乃趋于精巧。
+The thriving of embroidery in Song Dynasty resulted from the encouragement of the imperial court at that time. To make the embroidery as vivid and expressive as calligraphy and paintings, the embroiderer should imagine the big picture first and make flexible changes in subsequent embroidering process so as to make the work exquisite.--[[User:Xu Jia|Xu Jia]] ([[User talk:Xu Jia|talk]]) 08:58, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia
+. 北京景泰蓝是集美术、雕刻、镶嵌、玻璃熔炼、冶金等专业技术为一体，具有鲜明的民族风格和深刻的文化内涵，是最具北京特色的传统手工艺品之一。
+Integrating art, sculpture, inlay, glass smelting, metallurgy and other professional techniques as a whole, Beijing Cloisonne is a characteristic feature of the local traditional handicrafts with distinct national style and profound cultural connotation.--[[User:Xu Jia|Xu Jia]] ([[User talk:Xu Jia|talk]]) 08:58, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia
+. 漆器所制作的器皿，样式多且富于变化，造型简朴，表现出器物结构比例之美。
+Lacquerware utensils are made in various styles and simple shapes, which show the beauty of structure.--[[User:Xu Jia|Xu Jia]] ([[User talk:Xu Jia|talk]]) 08:58, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia
+Lacquerware utensils are made in various styles and their shapes are  simple , which show the elegant design of the ware.--[[User:Wu Zijia|Wu Zijia]] ([[User talk:Wu Zijia|talk]]) 14:18, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Wu Zijia
-=====Tan Yuanyuan 谭媛媛=====
-台湾海峡位于福建省和台湾省之间，从南到北连接着南海和东海，是中国的海上运输的重要通道，人们称它为“海上走廊”。
-Situated between the Fujian Province and Taiwan Province,Taiwan Strait is an important channel for China's maritime transportation connecting South China Sea and East China Sea from south to north,and people call it the "Sea Corridor."
-Situated between the Fujian Province and Taiwan Province,Taiwan Strait is an important channel for China's maritime transportation connecting South China Sea and East China Sea from south to north.Hence people call it the "Sea Corridor."--[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 09:55, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
-民俗学家们常说，中秋节直到明朝才具备“团圆”的节日内涵，但从殷文圭的诗句看，虽然唐朝时中秋还未正式成为一个节日，但中秋在当时人们心中，已然有了团圆的象征。
+. 微雕施工面积极小，没有相当高的书法功底和熟练运用微雕工具的技能是难以完成的，且刻作时，要屏息静气，深思集中，一丝不苟。
-Folklorists often say that the Mid-Autumn Festival did not have the connotation of "reunion" until the Ming Dynasty. However, according to Yin Wengui's poems, although Mid-Autumn Festival had not officially become a festival in the Tang Dynasty, that day had already become the symbol of reunion in the hearts of people at that time.
-However, according to Yin Wengui's poems, although Mid-Autumn Festival had not officially become a festival in the Tang Dynasty, that day had already become the symbol of reunion in the minds of people at that time. --[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 09:55, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
-大约在西汉时期有人造出一种“指南车”，这种两轮的车在行走中无论如何转弯，车上的指示器始终指向事先设定的方向。
+A micro-carving work can not be finished without profound knowledge of calligraphy or adept skill in using carving tools. In addition, the craftsman must hold his breath and pay all his attention into it during the process of carving.--[[User:Xu Jia|Xu Jia]] ([[User talk:Xu Jia|talk]]) 08:58, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia
-Around the West Han Dynasty, there was a man-made "guide car".No matter how the car turned,the indicator on this kind of two-wheeled car always pointed at the direction set in advance.--[[User:Tan Yuanyuan|Tan Yuanyuan]] ([[User talk:Tan Yuanyuan|talk]]) 03:04, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-Around the Western Han Dynasty, there was a man-made "South-pointing Cart".No matter how the two-wheeled car turned,the indicator on it always pointed at the direction set in advance.--[[User:Lou Cancan|Lou Cancan]] ([[User talk:Lou Cancan|talk]]) 09:55, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Tang Bei 汤蓓=====
+==Xu Jing 许静==
-往古之时，四极废，九州裂，天不兼覆，地不周载；火爁焱而不灭，水浩洋而不息；猛兽食颛民，鸷鸟攫老弱。
+. 刺绣工艺最基本的功能是对服饰的装饰，这种装饰并非只是起到简单的美化作用，同时发挥着诸多重要的功能，如标识身份，显示社会地位。
-In ancient times, the four corners of the sky collapsed and the world with its nine regions split open. The sky could not cover all the things under it, nor could the Earth carry all the things on it. A great fire raged and would not die out; a fierce flood raced about and could not be checked. Savage beats devoured innocent people; vicious birds preyed on the weak and old.
+Embroidery is mostly used to embellish clothes. In addition to simple beautification, these decorations have many other importanat functions, such as the representation of identity and social status.--Xu Jing (talk) 15:27, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-浮游逍遥，道鬼神，登九天，朝帝於灵门，宓穆休於太祖之下。
+.从明到清中期以前，景泰蓝都是官办且为宫廷供奉，直到清朝后期才出现民办珐琅作坊，景泰蓝才作为商品在市场上流通，并于道光年间出口海外，在国际上名噪一时。
+From Ming Dynasty to the Mid Qing Dynasty, Cloisonne was only produced by the government, and served for the court. Not until the late Qing Dynasty did private enamel workshops appear, and Cloisonne went into the market as commodities. Under the reign of Daoguang Emperor of Qing Dynasty, it was exported overseas and gained a temporary international fame.--Xu Jing (talk) 15:27, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+.最初的惊喜是从色彩开始的。从朱砂和松烟，人们得到了两种漆器最初的主色：红色、黑色。红与黑的结合占据了很长一段制漆的调色盘，偶尔有宝石镶嵌作为它的点缀，但那都只是点缀而已，热烈与深沉交织的颜色，从原始时期穿透了春秋战国。
+The initial surprise came from colors. From cinnabar and ashes of fired pine, people attained two main colors of the ancient lacquerware: red and black. They had been the main colors in the color palatte of lacquerware producing for a long time, with an occational decoration of gemstone. The enthusiasm of red and the composure of black mixed together through the acient times and the Warring period.--Xu Jing (talk) 15:27, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+.中国古人素来喜爱运用雕刻，将对美好生活的期盼与祝福，通过每一处细致深入的刻画，把它们恰到好处地展现出来。那些随处可见的砖雕、木雕、石雕，共同构成了一幅具有中国意韵的画，将千家万户的动人故事娓娓道来……
+Ancient Chinese alwawys liked carving. Through every careful carving, they expressed their longing for a better life to an exactly appropriated extent. Those brick carvings, wood carvings and stone carvings constribute to an unique Chinese paintings, telling the stories of tens of thousands of Chinese households. --Xu Jing (talk) 15:27, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Yang Chenting 杨晨婷==
+. 而到了汉末，六国时期，刺绣越来越喜欢表现文化。当时佛教文化的兴起也要刺绣更多的偏向了佛像和人物形象等方面。后来出图的北魏的佛像图也是佐证了这个事情。
+To late Han Dynasty, the period of Six Kingdoms, culture contents were more likely to be expressed in embroidery. At the same time, the prosperity of Buddhist culture made embroidery show more about figures of Buddha and people. Later, the unearthed Buddha graphs of Northern Wei Dynasty also proved this.
+In Han Dynasty, the period of Six Kingdoms, culture contents were more likely to be expressed in embroidery. At the same time, the prosperity of Buddhist culture made embroidery show more about figures of Buddha and people, which was proven by the later enearthed Buddha graphs of Northern Wei Dynasty.--[[User:Wang Xuan|Wang Xuan]] ([[User talk:Wang Xuan|talk]]) 05:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan
+. 生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁，主要由漆酚、漆酶、树胶质及水分构成。用它作涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆，光彩照人。
+Chinese lacquer is a kind of natural fluid from lacquer trees, containing urushiol, laccase, gumminess and water. It can be used as paint, which can resist water, high temperature and erosion. Also, it can be made in different colors, beautiful and shining.
+Chinese lacquer is a kind of natural fluid from lacquer trees, containing urushiol, laccase, gumminess and water. It can be used as paint with the merit of resisting water, high temperature and erosion. Besides, it can also be made in different colors, beautiful and shining. --[[User:Wang Xuan|Wang Xuan]] ([[User talk:Wang Xuan|talk]]) 05:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan
+. 雕刻是一门造型艺术，造型艺术是以立体视觉为裁体的雕刻，辅以精湛雕刻艺术，智慧与巧思会赋予玉器的艺术文化。
+Scripture is a kind of plastic art, which depends on stereo version, plus delicate scripture skills and talents.
+Sculpture is a kind of plastic art based on three-dimensional vision and supplemented by exquisite carving art,wisdom and ingenuity endowed in jade with artistic culture.--[[User:Wang Xuan|Wang Xuan]] ([[User talk:Wang Xuan|talk]]) 05:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan
+. 中国的雕刻有着悠久的历史文化，据考证，中国的玉雕加工技术始于夏商，兴于汉唐，精于明清，盛于当今，至今玉雕加工技术在中国拥有着5000多年的历史了。
+Chinese scripture has long history. It is proved that the jade carving technology started in Xia Shang Dynasty, prospered in Han and Tang Dynasty, refined in Ming and Qing Dynasty and flourished today. Up till now, jade carving technology has experienced over 5000 years development.
+Chinese scripture has a long hisroty. It is proved that the jade carving technology was started in Xia Shang Dynasty, refined in Ming and Qing and flourishing today.  Up till now, jade carving technology has experienced over 5000 years development. --[[User:Wang Xuan|Wang Xuan]] ([[User talk:Wang Xuan|talk]]) 05:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan
+--[[User:Yang chenting|Yang chenting]] ([[User talk:Yang chenting|talk]]) 01:29, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Yang Chenting
+==Yang Hairong 杨海容==
+.湘绣在配色上善于运用深浅灰及黑白色，加上适当的明暗对比，增强了质感和立体感，结构上虚实结合，善于利用空白，突出主题，形成了湘绣水墨画般的素雅品质。
+Hunan Embroidery is good at using shades of gray, black and white in color matching, plus appropriate contrast between light and dark, which enhances the texture and three-dimensionality. The structure combines virtual and solid, and is good at using blanks to highlight the theme, forming Hunan embroidery a simple and elegant quality like ink painting.--[[User:Yang Hairong|Yang Hairong]] ([[User talk:Yang Hairong|talk]]) 02:50, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+Hunan Embroidery is good at using shades of gray, black and white in color matching, coupled with appropriate contrast between light and dark, which enhances the texture and three-dimensional effect. It combines the virtuality and reality in terms of structure and utilizes the blank space to highlight the theme, featuring simple and elegant like ink painting.--[[User:Chen Han|Chen Han]] ([[User talk:Chen Han|talk]]) 07:47, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.如果说瓷器像茉莉花一样清新高雅，那么景泰蓝一定是美艳的牡丹花高贵大气，虽然他们各有千秋，但不同于瓷器的是景泰蓝的制作工序更为复杂，造型也更多变。
+If porcelain is as fresh and elegant as jasmine, then cloisonne must be noble and generous just like pretty peony . Although they have their own merits, what is different from porcelain is that the production process of cloisonne is more complicated and the shape is more varied.--[[User:Yang Hairong|Yang Hairong]] ([[User talk:Yang Hairong|talk]]) 02:50, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+.古语云：“滴漆入土，千年不坏。”说的就是漆器。漆器是一种用生漆涂敷在器物胎体表面作为保护膜制成的工艺品或生活用品。表面被涂过漆的胎体经过反复多次的髹涂后，不仅坚固耐用，多样的装饰使器物色泽华丽。
+The old saying goes: "Drip lacquer into the soil will not be bad for a thousand years." It talks about lacquerware. Lacquerware is a kind of handicraft or daily necessities made by coating raw lacquer on the surface of the carcass as a protective film. The lacquered surface of the carcass has been painted repeatedly for many times, and it is not only sturdy and durable, but also a variety of decorations make the color gorgeous.--[[User:Yang Hairong|Yang Hairong]] ([[User talk:Yang Hairong|talk]]) 02:50, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+.东阳木雕的雕刻以平面浮雕为主，内容多为历史故事和民间传说，图案采用满花手法，画面布满纹饰，形成一种独特的艺术风格。
+The woodcarvings of Dongyang are mainly flat reliefs, and the content is mostly historical stories and folk legends. The patterns are full of flowers and the picture which are covered with patterns, forming a unique artistic style.--[[User:Yang Hairong|Yang Hairong]] ([[User talk:Yang Hairong|talk]]) 02:49, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Yang Hui 阳慧==
+湘绣绣品主要用真丝丝线在真丝织物上绣制图案，它既有名贵的欣赏艺术品，也有美观适用的日用品。
+Xiang Embroidery is mainly embroidered with silk silk thread on silk fabric patterns, it not only valuable appreciation of art, but also beautiful and applicable daily goods.
+Embroidering patterns in silk fabric with silk thread, Xiang Embroidery crafts inculde valuable work of art,as well as beautiful materials for daily use.--[[User:Xiao Ting|Xiao Ting]] ([[User talk:Xiao Ting|talk]]) 09:06, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Ting
-Floating freely over the clouds, she took ghosts and gods to the ninth heaven and had an audience with the Heavenly Emperor at Ling Men, where she rested in peace and dignity under the emperor.
+景泰蓝又名铜胎掐丝珐琅，中国特种手工艺品，最早产于元朝时的古老京都，盛行于明朝景泰年间(1450年-145 6年)，因其釉料颜色主要以蓝色(孔雀蓝和宝石蓝)为主,古称为景泰蓝。
+Cloisonne , also known as copper fetuses, is a special Chinese handicraft, most preterm in the ancient Kyoto of the Yuan Dynasty . It was popular in the period of Jingtai (1450-145 6 years) in the Ming Dynasty.
+雕刻工艺品是否成为珍品完全取决于雕刻工艺师对材料的感觉、对艺术的理解、雕刻技巧的发挥和孜孜不倦的精神，这不是普通人所能胜任的，也正是由于如此难能可贵，“雕刻”成为一种艺术、一种文化和一种精神的象征。
+Whether or not the carving handicraft becomes the curiosa depends entirely on the carving craftsman's feeling to the material, the understanding to the art, the engraving skill display and the assiduous spirit, this is not the ordinary person can be competent, also because so precious, " engrave " becomes a kind of art,-a kind of culture and a kind of spirit symbol.
-女娲不彰其功，不扬其声，隐真人之道，以从天地之固然。
+用生漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁。
-Nuwa never boasted of her achievements, nor did she try to win any renown; she wanted to conceal her virtues, in line with the ways of universe.--[[User:Tang Bei|Tang Bei]] ([[User talk:Tang Bei|talk]]) 13:23, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+The daily utensils, crafts and artworks made by applying raw lacquer to the surface of various objects are generally called " lacquerware ".Raw lacquer is a natural sap cut from sumac.--[[User:YangHui|YangHui]] ([[User talk:YangHui|talk]]) 08:40, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-=====Tang Yiran 汤伊然=====
+==Yang Yue 杨悦==
-.尘烟滚滚，人声嘈杂，夜色愈深，一切都陷入混乱之中。
+、拥有2500余年历史的苏绣艺术，是中华民族的瑰宝，被誉为“东方明珠”，位列中国四大名绣之首，2006年，苏绣被公布为第一批国家级非遗代表作。
-As the night grew darker, flinging dust, billowing smoke and uproars send everything into a mess.----[[User:Tang Yiran1|Tang Yiran1]] ([[User talk:Tang Yiran1|talk]]) 11:45, 24 September 2020 (UTC)
+The embroidery art with over 2,500 years of history is a treasure of the Chinese nation. It is hailed as the “ Pearl of the Orient,” and it ranks among the top four most famous embroiderers in China. In 2006, Suzhou Embroidery was announced as the first national non-heritage representative.--[[User:Yang Yue|Yang Yue]] ([[User talk:Yang Yue|talk]]) 13:09, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-The dust, the uproar and the growing dark threw everything in chaos.--[[User:Mo Ling|Mo Ling]] ([[User talk:Mo Ling|talk]]) 07:31, 26 September 2020 (UTC)Mo Ling
+Suzhou embroidery with over 2,500 years of history is a treasure of the Chinese nation. Hailed as the "Pearl of the Orient", it ranks first among the top four most famous embroiderers in China and was listed among the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage in 2006.--[[User:Xu Jia|Xu Jia]] ([[User talk:Xu Jia|talk]]) 09:52, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia
-.几百万年前，青藏高原隆起，地球历史上此一重大地壳运动形成了中国的地貌。从空中俯瞰中国大地，地势就像阶梯一样，自西向东，逐渐下降。
+、景泰蓝的制作工艺既运用了青铜工艺，有利用了瓷器、珐琅等工艺，同时大量引进传统绘画和雕刻技艺，堪称中国传统工艺的集大成者。
-Millions years ago, the uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau—a historic crustal movement forges the landforms of China. An overlook in the air shows us a ladder-like terrain, falling off from the western towards eastern land of China.--[[User:Tang Yiran1|Tang Yiran1]] ([[User talk:Tang Yiran1|talk]]) 09:14, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+A kind of special craft that combines the copper with ceramics, bronzes, paintings and carving works. It is the unique one among the Chinese handicrafts.--[[User:Yang Yue|Yang Yue]] ([[User talk:Yang Yue|talk]]) 13:09, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-.上巳(sì)节，俗称三月三，汉民族传统节日。上巳节的历史由来已久，在上古时代上巳已成为大规模的民俗节日，春和景明，人们走出家门，集于水边，举行清除不祥的祓除仪式。
-Shangsi Festival, also known as the Double Third Day, is one of the traditional festivals of the Chinese Nation. It had developed into a large-scale folk celebration in ancient times and boasts a long history. On this day, with gorgeous vernal scenery, people would go for outings and gather at the riverside, invoking cleansing rituals to prevent disease and getting rid of bad luck.--[[User:Tang Yiran1|Tang Yiran1]] ([[User talk:Tang Yiran1|talk]]) 09:14, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+、中国的漆器，从新石器时代起，历经商周直至明清，漆器工艺不断发展，达到了相当高的水平。另外，它对日本等地都有深远影响。
-.地动仪是中国汉朝东汉科学家张衡创造的传世杰作，其有八个方位，每个方位上均有口含龙珠的龙头，在每条龙头的下方都有一只蟾蜍与其对应。任何一方如有地震发生，该方向龙口所含龙珠即落入蟾蜍口中，由此便可测出发生地震的方向。
+Chinese lacquer, since the neolithic age, after Shangzhou until the Ming and Qing Dynasties, kept developing and reached a quite high level. What’ s more, it do have a far-reaching impact on Japan and other places.--[[User:Yang Yue|Yang Yue]] ([[User talk:Yang Yue|talk]]) 13:09, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-The Seismograph was a great invention by Zhang Heng, a Chinese scientist in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Outside the apparatus are eight dragons holding bronze balls in mouth towards eight directions. Right below these dragons are toads sitting on the pedestal. If there were an earthquake, accordingly, the dragon towards the certain direction would send the ball into the mouth of toad below it. In this way, the direction of earthquake can be pointed out.--[[User:Tang Yiran1|Tang Yiran1]] ([[User talk:Tang Yiran1|talk]]) 09:13, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Wang Meiling 王美玲=====
-. 英国是位于西欧的一个岛国，是由大不列颠岛上英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士以及爱尔兰岛东北部的北爱尔兰共同组成的一个联邦制岛国。英国被北海、英吉利海峡、凯尔特海、爱尔兰海和大西洋包围。东临北海，面对比利时、荷兰、德国、丹麦和挪威等国；西邻爱尔兰，横隔大西洋与美国、加拿大遥遥相对。
-Located in Western Europe,Britain is a federal island country composed of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland in the northeast of Ireland. Britain is surrounded by the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea, the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Britain, to whose east is the North Sea, faces Belgium, Holland, Germany, Denmark and Norway in the East.With Ireland on its west, it faces the United States and Canada across the Atlantic Ocean at quite a distance.
-. 安史之乱是中国唐代玄宗末年至代宗初年(755年12月16日至763年2月17日)由唐朝将领安禄山与史思明背叛唐朝后发动的战争，是同唐朝争夺统治权的内战，为唐由盛而衰的转折点。这场内战使得唐朝人口大量丧失，国力锐减。因为发起反唐叛乱的指挥官以安禄山与史思明二人为主，因此事件被冠以安史之名。又由于其爆发于唐玄宗天宝年间，也称天宝之乱。
-The Anshi rebellion was a war launched by Tang generals An Lushan and Shi Siming after their betraying Tang Dynasty from the last years of Xuanzong to the first years of Daizong in Tang Dynasty(December 16, AD 755 to February 17, AD 763). It was a civil war waged for seizing the right of domination with the Tang Dynasty, which was the turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline. The civil war claimed a great quantity of population and a sharp declination in national strength of the Tang Dynasty. The commanders of the anti Tang rebellion were headed by an Lushan and Shi Siming, for which the incident was named after Anshi. Bursting out in the Tianbao period of Tang Dynasty Emperor Xuanzong , it was also called Tianbao rebellion.
-.每年端午节起至农历五月尾是贵州苗族龙舟节。云贵一带，在气候上雨旱季十分分明，在旱季里，雨水尤为珍贵。因此，苗人划龙舟多与天气和农事活动密切相关。龙舟比赛通常都会有驱旱求雨、庆祝插秧成功、预祝五谷丰登等实际意义。
-From the Dragon Boat Festival to the end of the fifth month of the lunar calendar, the Miao nationality celebrates Dragon Boat Festival in Guizhou.Yungui area is distinctive in its monsoon and dry season in terms of the climate.When it comes to its dry season, rain appears particularly precious. Therefore, Miao people rowing dragon boats are closely related to the weather and agricultural activities.The dragon boat race usually has practical significance, such as dispersing drought and seeking rain, celebrating the success of transplanting rice seedlings beforehand, and praying for a bumper grain harvest.--[[User:Wang Meiling|Wang Meiling]] ([[User talk:Wang Meiling|talk]]) 13:59, 25 September 2020 (UTC)王美玲
-=====Wang Xuan 王轩=====
+Chinese lacquerware, since the neolithic age, through Shangzhou to Ming and Qing Dynasties, has been developing and reached a quite high level. In addition, it has a profound impact on Japan and other places.--[[User:Luo Yuqing|Luo Yuqing]] ([[User talk:Luo Yuqing|talk]]) 13:46, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-. 中国位于亚洲东部、太平洋的西岸。领土辽阔广大、陆地总面积约960万平方米，仅次于俄罗斯、加拿大，居世界第3位，第四位为美国。差不多同整个欧洲面积相等。
-China is located in the east of Asia and in the western coastline of Pacific Ocean. Large in its territory, it covers a total land area of 9.6 million square meters, ranking a close 3th after that of Russia and Canada and before that of US. It almost equals the Europe area.
-China is located in the east of Asia and in the western coastline of Pacific Ocean. Large in its territory, it covers a total land area of 9.6 million square meters, ranking a close 3rd after that of Russia and Canada and before that of US. It almost equals the Europe area.--[[User:Zhang Yinliu|Zhang Yinliu]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yinliu|talk]]) 12:39, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
+、木雕在长江两岸地区随处可见，其中最著名的有浙江的东阳木雕、广东的金漆木雕、福建的龙眼木雕和安徽的徽州木雕。
-. 中秋节起源于上古时代，普及于汉代，定型于唐朝初年，盛行于宋朝以后。中秋节是秋季时令习俗的综合，其所包含的节俗因素，大都有古老的渊源。中秋节与春节、清明节、端午节并称为中国四大传统节日。
-The Mid-autumn Festival can date back to the ancient times. The festival was known in the Han dynasty, set in the early Tang and popular after Song. It comprises seasonal customs in the autumn, most of which boast a long history. What's more, it is one of the four traditional Chinese festivals together with the Spring Festival, Tome-sweeping Festival and Dragon Boat Festival.
-. 中国传统文化是一个综合的文化，强调整体性思维方式。中国传统文化是把文史哲、政法经、农工医等都当作一个整体来看待，而不是把它们分门别类。
+Wood carving can be seen all over the region on both sides of the Yangtze River where the best known includes the Dongyang wood carving in Zhejiang Province, the golden lacquer wood carving in Guangdong, longhand wood carving in Fujian Province and Huizhou wood carving in Anhui Province.--[[User:Yang Yue|Yang Yue]] ([[User talk:Yang Yue|talk]]) 13:09, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-The traditional Chinese culture is comprehensive and in turn attaches importance to comprehensive thinking. It regards as a whole literature, history, philosophy, politics, law, ecomony, agriculture, technology and medicine.--[[User:Wang Xuan|Wang Xuan]] ([[User talk:Wang Xuan|talk]]) 07:31, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan.
-=====Wu Qiong 吴琼=====
+Wood carving can be seen all over the region on both sides of the Yangtze River, including the most famous ones like the Dongyang wood carving in Zhejiang Province, the golden lacquer wood carving in Guangdong Province, longan wood carving in Fujian Province and Huizhou wood carving in Anhui Province.--[[User:Xu Jia|Xu Jia]] ([[User talk:Xu Jia|talk]]) 09:52, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia
-. 中国位于亚洲东部、太平洋的西岸。领土辽阔广大，陆地总面积约960万平方千米，仅次于俄罗斯、加拿大，居世界第3位，第四位为美国。
-China lies in the eastern Asia and western Pacific Ocean, with vast territory. Its total land area is about 9.6 million square kilometers, which is second only to Russia and Canada, ranking at the third place, and the forth is the United States.
-. 中华人民共和国国庆节是国家的一种象征，是伴随着新中国的成立而出现的，并且变得尤为重要。
+==Yang Ziling 杨子泠==
-The National Day of People's Republic of China is a symbol of a nation, established by the founding of new China, and becoming extremely important.
-. 中华人民共和国国庆节是国家的一种象征，是伴随着新中国的成立而出现的，并且变得尤为重要。
+这些绣品在图案的结构上非常严谨，有明确的几何布局，大量运用了花草纹、鸟纹、龙纹、兽纹，并且浪漫地将动植物形象结合在一起，手法上写实与抽象并用，穿插蟠叠，刺绣形象细长清晰，留白较多，体现了春秋战国时期刺绣纹样的重要特征。
-The National Day of People's Republic of China is a symbol of the nation, commemorating the establishment of new China, thus becoming extremely important. --[[User:Zhang Weihong|Zhang Weihong]] ([[User talk:Zhang Weihong|talk]]) 15:43, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Zhang Weihong
-. 中国古代科技具有很强的实用性，服务于生产和巩固统治的需要。
+These embroideries are very rigorous in the structure of the pattern, with a clear geometric layout and a large number of flower patterns, bird patterns, dragon patterns, and animal patterns. It romantically combines the images of animals and plants, using both realistic and abstract techniques. Interspersed with piles, the image is slender and clear with more white space, which reflects the important characteristics of embroidery patterns during the Spring and Autumn Period.   --[[User:Yang Ziling|Yang Ziling]] ([[User talk:Yang Ziling|talk]]) 01:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-Ancient Chinese science and technology is truly practical, and it serves for the demands of production and governing consolidation.
---[[User:WuQiong|WuQiong]] ([[User talk:WuQiong|talk]]) 10:08, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
+据有关史料记载，13世纪下半叶，元蒙军队远征，横跨欧亚大陆入侵西亚，俘虏了大批有专业技能的工匠作为工奴输往后方，专为蒙古贵族生产豪华日用品。此时，阿拉伯地区流行华丽的金属胎珐琅制品。
-Ancient Chinese science and technology is truly practical as it serves for the demands of production and governance.--[[User:Si Yu|Si Yu]] ([[User talk:Si Yu|talk]]) 00:31, 28 September 2020 (UTC)
+ According to relevant historical records, in the second half of the 13th century, the Yuan-Mongolian army made an expedition across Eurasia and invaded West Asia, capturing a large number of skilled craftsmen as slaves and exporting them to the rear to produce luxury daily necessities for the Mongolian nobles. At that time, gorgeous metal enamel products were popular in the Arab region.   --[[User:Yang Ziling|Yang Ziling]] ([[User talk:Yang Ziling|talk]]) 01:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+漆器所制作的器皿，样式多且富变化，造型简朴，表现出器物结构比例之美。一般而言，宋代漆器以素色静谧为主。
+The utensils made by lacquerware have many styles and variations, and their shapes are simple, showing the beauty of the structure. Generally speaking, the lacquerware of Song Dynasty was mainly plain and quiet. --[[User:Yang Ziling|Yang Ziling]] ([[User talk:Yang Ziling|talk]]) 01:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+  刀法就是雕刻家用来体现自己创作构思的技术手法，也是形象地揭示艺术内容的手段。运刀的转折、顿挫、凹凸、起伏，都是为了使作品更加生动自然以充分体现木雕的材质美，体现丰富的雕琢美。
+Knife technique is a technique used by sculptors to embody their creative ideas, as well as a means to vividly reveal artistic content. The twists, frustrations, bumps, and undulations of the knife are all to make the work more vivid and natural to fully reflect the beauty of the materials and carving itself. --[[User:Yang Ziling|Yang Ziling]] ([[User talk:Yang Ziling|talk]]) 01:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Yi Zichu 义子楚==
+，刺绣的历史可以追溯到商朝，而汉朝又见证了刺绣在风格和技术上的一大飞跃
+The history of embroidery can trace back to the Shang Dynasty. The Han Dynasty witnessed a leap in the styles and techniques of embroidery
+，景泰蓝的制作工艺既运用了青铜工艺，又利用了瓷器，珐琅等工艺，同时大量引进传统绘画和雕刻技术，堪称中国传统工艺等集大成者。
+Cloisonne's craftsmanship not only uses bronze craftsmanship, but also porcelain, enamel and other crafts. At the same time, it introduces a large number of traditional painting and carving techniques. It can be called a master of traditional Chinese crafts.
+，人们成功烧制精美的白釉瓷器和以铜为着色剂的单釉瓷器，使得明代瓷器色彩艳丽。
+Successful firing the exquisite white glaze porcelain and the single-glaze porcelain with copper as the coloring agent, made the Ming Dynasty porcelain colorful.
+，黄杨木雕最早作为立体雕刻的工艺品单独出现，供人们案头欣赏， 目前有实物可查考dao的是元代至正二年(1342年)的“李铁拐”像，现保存在北京故宫博物院
+Boxwood carving the earliest as three-dimensional carving crafts alone, for people to appreciate the present a kind of desk, can be found is the Yuan Dynasty to the two years (1342) "Li Tieguai"like, are now preserved in the Imperial Palace Museum in Beijing. --[[User:Yi Zichu|Yi Zichu]] ([[User talk:Yi Zichu|talk]]) 12:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+==You Yuting 游雨婷==
+.刺绣是针线在织物上绣制的各种装饰图案的总称。它是用针和线把人的设计和制作添加在任何存在的织物上的一种艺术。刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，在中国至少有二三千年历史。
+Embroidery is the general term for various decorative patterns embroidered on the fabric with needle and thread. It is the art of utilizing needles and threads to add human design and fabrication to any fabric that exists. Embroidery, one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts, has a long history of at least two or three thousand years in China.
+Embroidery is the general term for various decorative patterns embroidered on the fabric with needle and thread. It is the art of utilizing needles and threads to add human designs and fabrication to any fabric that exists. Embroidery, one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts, has a long history of at least two or three thousand years in China.--[[User:Zhang Yinliu|Zhang Yinliu]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yinliu|talk]]) 16:15, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+.景泰蓝一直在藏家的心中占有重要地位，自古就有“收藏若无景泰蓝，藏尽天下也枉然”之说，明清两朝的景泰蓝、珐琅彩等尤为受追捧。
+Cloisonne has always held an important position in the hearts of collectors. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "if you don't collect cloisonne, it is useless to collect it at all." Cloisonne and enamel from the Ming and Qing dynasties were particularly popular.
+Cloisonne has always taken an important place in the hearts of collectors. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "if you don't collect cloisonne, it is useless to collect all the other treasures in the world." Cloisonne and enamel from the Ming and Qing dynasties were particularly popular.--[[User:Zhang Yinliu|Zhang Yinliu]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yinliu|talk]]) 16:15, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+.历经商周直至明清，中国的漆器工艺不断发展，达到了相当高的水平。中国的炝金、描金等工艺品，对日本等地都有深远影响。漆器是中国古代在化学工艺及工艺美术方面的重要发明。
+Throughout the Shang, Zhou and Ming dynasties, Chinese lacquer craft continued to develop and reached a very high level. Chinese live gold, painted gold and other arts and crafts have a profound influence on Japan and other places. Lacquer ware is a significant invention in chemical technology and arts and crafts in ancient China.
+.雕刻技法，就是在雕刻创作中，作者对雕件的形象和空间的处理手法。这种手法主要体现在削减意义上的雕与刻。确切的说，就是由外向内一步步通过减去废料，循序渐进一步步讲形体挖掘显现出来的技艺和手段。
+Carving technique is the treatment of the image and space of the carved piece by the author in the creation of carving. This technique is mainly embodied in the sense of cutting carving. To be exact, it is the art and means of body excavation by subtracting wastes step by step from the outside in.--[[User:You Yuting|You Yuting]] ([[User talk:You Yuting|talk]]) 04:12, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
+Carving technique refers to the treatment of the image and space on the carved piece by the craftsman in his creation. This technique is mainly embodied in the sense of cutting. To be more precise, it is the art and means of body excavation by subtracting wastes step by step from the outside in.--[[User:Chen Han|Chen Han]] ([[User talk:Chen Han|talk]]) 07:08, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Yu Ni 余妮==
+.湘绣是以硬缎、交织软缎、尼纶等为原料绣制的精细工艺品，绣品既有名贵的欣赏艺术品，也有美观适用的日用品。
+Xiang embroidery is a delicate handicraft with hard satin, interwoven soft satin and nylon as raw materials. Absorbing the spirit of Chinesepaintings, the embroidery reaches a high artistic level. There are not only valuable appreciation works of art, but also beautiful and applicable daily necessities.--[[User:Yu Ni|Yu Ni]] ([[User talk:Yu Ni|talk]]) 03:46, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称。它是集美术、工艺、雕刻、镶嵌、冶金等专业技术为一体，具有鲜明的民族风格和深刻文化内涵，是最具北京特色的传统手工艺品之一。
+Beijing is the birthplace of cloisonne in China and the most important one. Beijing Cloisonne is famous for its elegant and vigorous shape, various patterns and beautiful and solemn colors. It is a collection of arts, crafts, sculpture, inlay, metallurgy and other professional technology as a whole, with distinct folk style and profound cultural connotation, is one of the traditional handicrafts with Beijing characteristics.--[[User:Yu Ni|Yu Ni]] ([[User talk:Yu Ni|talk]]) 03:46, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+.从新石器时代起人们就认识了漆的性能并用以制器。历经商周直至明清，中国的漆器工艺不断发展，达到了相当高的水平。
+Since the Neolithic age, the properties of lacquer have been known and used to make utensils. Through the Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, China's lacquerware technology developed continuously and reached a very high level.--[[User:Yu Ni|Yu Ni]] ([[User talk:Yu Ni|talk]]) 03:46, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+.雕刻可以创造出具有一定空间的可视、可触的艺术形象，借以反映社会生活、表达艺术家的审美感受、审美情感、审美理想的艺术。
+Carving can create a visual and touching artistic image with a certain space to reflect social life and express the artist's aesthetic feeling, aesthetic emotion and aesthetic ideal.--[[User:Yu Ni|Yu Ni]] ([[User talk:Yu Ni|talk]]) 03:46, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Yuan Tianyi 袁天翼==
+中国刺绣又称丝绣、针绣，是中国优秀的民族传统工艺之一。中国是世界上发现与使用蚕丝最早的国家，人们在四五千年前就已经开始养蚕、缫丝了。随着蚕丝的使用，丝织品的产生与发展，刺绣工艺也逐渐兴起，宋代时期崇尚刺绣服装的风气，已逐渐在民间广泛流行，这也促使了中国丝绣工艺的发展。
+Chinese embroidery, known as silk embroidery and needlework, is one of the extraordinary national traditional crafts of China, which was the first country in the world to discover and use silk. People began to raise silkworms and reel silk four or five thousand years ago. With the utilization of silk, the birth and development of silk fabrics, embroidery technology also gradually emerged. In the Song Dynasty, the fashion of advocating embroidery clothing gradually became popular, which also promoted the development of Chinese silk embroidery.--[[User:Yuan Tianyi|Yuan Tianyi]] ([[User talk:Yuan Tianyi|talk]]) 02:33, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+景泰蓝，中国的著名特种金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺技术制作达到了最巅峰，制作出的工艺品最为精美而著名，故后人称这种金属器为“景泰蓝”。
+Cloisonne is one of the famous special metal crafts of China. Upon the Time of Jingtai of the Ming Dynasty, the production of this kind of craft technology reached its climax, and the handicraft produced at that time was the most exquisite one which made it famous. Therefore, later generation called this kind of metal wares "cloisonne".--[[User:Yuan Tianyi|Yuan Tianyi]] ([[User talk:Yuan Tianyi|talk]]) 02:33, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁，主要由漆酚、漆酶、树胶质及水分构成。用它作涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆，光彩照人。
+Generally, daily implements, artwares and handicrafts besmeared with lacquer on the surface are called "lacquer ware". Raw lacquer is a natural juice cut from sumac, mainly composed of urushiol, laccase, gum and moisture. It boasts moisture resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and other special functions when utilized as coating, which can also be designed with paint with different colors, brilliantly.--[[User:Yuan Tianyi|Yuan Tianyi]] ([[User talk:Yuan Tianyi|talk]]) 02:33, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+雕刻，是指把木材、石头或其他材料切割或雕刻成预期的形状皆可称之为雕刻。服务于这一目的的工具有刀、凿子、圆凿、圆锥、扁斧和锤子。
+Sculpture refers to the wood, stone or other materials cut or carved into the desired shape.  Tools serving for this purpose include knives, chisels, chisels, cones, axes and hammers.--[[User:Yuan Tianyi|Yuan Tianyi]] ([[User talk:Yuan Tianyi|talk]]) 02:33, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+==Zeng Liang 曾良==
+.刺绣，是一种具有悠久传统的民间艺术，在中国艺术和手工艺品史上占有重要地位。刺绣的长期发展离不开蚕的饲养和纺丝技术的发展。
+Embroidery,a folk art with a long tradition, occupies an important position in the history of Chinese arts and crafts. It is,in its long development, inseparable from silkworm-raising and silk-reeling and weaving.--[[User:Zeng Liang|Zeng Liang]] ([[User talk:Zeng Liang|talk]]) 07:10, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.景泰蓝又称“铜胎掐丝珐琅”，是一种中国传统的手工艺精品。它以细扁铜丝作线条，在铜质的胎地上捏出各种图案花纹，再将五彩珐琅点填在花纹内，经烧制、镀金而成。
+Cloisonne, which is also called copper padding  thread weaving enamel, is a kind of Chinese traditional handicrafts. The manufacture of cloisonne ware requires an elaborate and complicated process, namely, base-hammering, copper-wire curving, soldering, polishing, and gilding, ect.--[[User:Zeng Liang|Zeng Liang]] ([[User talk:Zeng Liang|talk]]) 07:10, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.漆固化后表面非常坚硬暴露在空气中也不易碎，并可高度磨光。
+Lacquer becomes extremely hard but not brittle on exposure to air and takes a high polish.--[[User:Zeng Liang|Zeng Liang]] ([[User talk:Zeng Liang|talk]]) 07:10, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
+.诚招石刻、玉刻、木刻、陶瓷、金属等行业以及书法、民间艺术系列行业。
+Welcome the industries of stone inscription, jade carving, woodcarving, ceramics, metal, calligraphy and the folk art.--[[User:Zeng Liang|Zeng Liang]] ([[User talk:Zeng Liang|talk]]) 07:10, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-=====Wu Yilu 吴一露=====
+==Zeng Xinyuan 曾心媛==
-.1978年11月，中国政府决定在西北、华北和东北实施“三北”防护林体系建设工程。这项被称为“绿色长城”的生态建设工程延绵4480公里，是世界上最大的生态建设工程。
+.作为中国四大名绣之一的湘绣，向来以历史悠久，工艺精湛，风格独特，品类繁多而闻名海内外。
-In November, 1978, China’s government has decided to implement the "Three-North Protection Forest System" in the northwest, north and northeast China. This ecological conservation project, known as Green Great Wall，extends 4，480 kilometers, so it is the world’s largest ecological construction project.
+Xiang embroidery, as one of the four famous embroideries, is well known at home and abroad for its long history, exquisite craftsmanship, unique style, and various categories.--[[User:Zeng Xinyuan|Zeng Xinyuan]] ([[User talk:Zeng Xinyuan|talk]]) 03:27, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan
-.每年农历5月24日至27日，几十个村寨相继举行龙船节。当地习惯，从16日开始，只要全寨薅完秧，本寨的龙船便可下水。
+.景泰蓝集青铜与瓷器的制作工艺、传统手工绘画和雕刻技艺于一身，堪称中国传统工艺的集大成者。
-The Miao Dragon-Boat Festival is celebrated from the 24th to the 27th of the fifth lunar month. According to local custom， people are allowed to send their dragon boats down the river after the 16th， only if they have finished weeding their fields.
+Cloisonné combines craftsmanship of bronze and porcelain, traditional manual painting, and carving skills in one, being an epitome of traditional Chinese craftsmanship.--[[User:Zeng Xinyuan|Zeng Xinyuan]] ([[User talk:Zeng Xinyuan|talk]]) 03:27, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan
-. 上海博物馆展出一件铜镜--“透光镜”，它是西汉时期的珍品，直径为11.5厘米。这面铜镜与普通铜镜一样，背面有图案，还有铭文。
+Combining the craftsmanship of bronze and porcelain, traditional manual painting, and carving skills, Cloisonné is an epitome of traditional Chinese craftsmanship.
-There is a treasure of the Western Han Period exhibited in Shanghai Museum— the"penetrative bronze mirror",  measuring 11.5 cm in diameter. It is similar to ordinary bronze mirrors bearing patterns and inscriptions on the back.--[[User:Wu Yilu|Wu Yilu]] ([[User talk:Wu Yilu|talk]]) 13:24, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+--[[User:Zhang Ling|Zhang Ling]] ([[User talk:Zhang Ling|talk]]) 07:40, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-.1978年11月，中国政府决定在西北、华北和东北实施“三北”防护林体系建设工程。这项被称为“绿色长城”的生态建设工程延绵4480公里，是世界上最大的生态建设工程。
+.漆器的发明和使用是中华民族对人类文明的杰出贡献，是我国古老的优秀传统手工艺品，在商周时期漆器的品种和工艺水平登上了高峰，战国时期更加鼎盛，明、清时代则呈现出千文万华的繁荣局面。
-In November, 1978, China’s government has decided to implement the "Three-North Protection Forest System" in the northwest, north and northeast China. This ecological construction project, known as Green Great Wall，extends 4，480 kilometers, which  is listed as the world’s largest one.
+Invention and use of lacquerware is a great contribution of Chinese nation to human civilization, as well as an excellent traditional handicraft in China with a long history. In the period of Shang and Zhou Dynasties, variety and level of craftsmanship of lacquerware reached a peak, while in the period of warring states, it was at its best, and it was omniform and thriving in Ming and Qing Dynasties.--[[User:Zeng Xinyuan|Zeng Xinyuan]] ([[User talk:Zeng Xinyuan|talk]]) 03:27, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan
-.每年农历5月24日至27日，几十个村寨相继举行龙船节。当地习惯，从16日开始，只要全寨薅完秧，本寨的龙船便可下水。
+. 木雕蜕变是一个漫长的过程，每一件工艺品都是手艺人辛劳汗水和时光的结晶。 The birth of wood carving is a long process, as each artifact comes from hard work and time of craftsmen.--[[User:Zeng Xinyuan|Zeng Xinyuan]] ([[User talk:Zeng Xinyuan|talk]]) 05:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan
-The Miao Dragon-Boat Festival is celebrated from the 24th day to the 27th day of the fifth lunar month. According to local customs,people are allowed to send their dragon boats down the river after the 16th day，only if they have finished weeding their fields.
-. 上海博物馆展出一件铜镜--“透光镜”，它是西汉时期的珍品，直径为11.5厘米。这面铜镜与普通铜镜一样，背面有图案，还有铭文。
+==Zhang Hui 张慧==
-There is a treasure of the Western Han Period exhibited in Shanghai Museum— the"penetrative bronze mirror",  measuring 11.5 cm in diameter. It is similar to ordinary bronze mirrors bearing patterns and inscriptions on the back.--[[User:Wang Meiling|Wang Meiling]] ([[User talk:Wang Meiling|talk]]) 02:50, 26 September 2020 (UTC)王美玲
+.宋代时期崇尚刺绣服装的风气，已逐渐在民间广泛流行，这也促使了中国丝绣工艺的发展。
+In the Song Dynasty, the trend of advocating embroidery clothing has gradually become popular among the people, which also promoted the development of Chinese silk embroidery technology.--[[User:Zhang Hui|Zhang Hui]] ([[User talk:Zhang Hui|talk]]) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+In the Song Dynasty, the trend of advocating embroidery clothing had gradually become popular among the people, which also promoted the development of Chinese silk embroidery technology.--[[User:Zhao Xiaoyan|Zhao Xiaoyan]] ([[User talk:Zhao Xiaoyan|talk]]) 15:54, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+.景泰蓝，中国的著名特种金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺技术制作达到了最巅峰，制作出的工艺品最为精美而著名，故后人称这种金属器为“景泰蓝”。
+Cloisonne, one of the famous special metal crafts in China, reached its peak during the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty, and the crafts produced were the most exquisite and famous, so later generations called this metalware "cloisonne".--[[User:Zhang Hui|Zhang Hui]] ([[User talk:Zhang Hui|talk]]) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+Cloisonne, as one of the famous special metal crafts in China, reached its top peak during the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty, and the crafts produced in this period were the most exquisite and famous, so it is called this metalware "cloisonne" by later generations .--[[User:Zhao Xiaoyan|Zhao Xiaoyan]] ([[User talk:Zhao Xiaoyan|talk]]) 15:54, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+.漆器的发明和使用是中华民族对人类文明的杰出贡献，是我国古老的优秀传统手工艺品，在商周时期漆器的品种和工艺水平登上了高峰。
+The invention and use of lacquerware is an outstanding contribution of the Chinese nation to human civilization. It is an excellent ancient traditional handicraft in China. The variety and craftsmanship of lacquerware reached a peak during the Shang and Zhou Dynasties.--[[User:Zhang Hui|Zhang Hui]] ([[User talk:Zhang Hui|talk]]) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+The invention and use of lacquerware is an outstanding contribution made by the Chinese nation to human civilization. It is an excellent ancient traditional handicraft in China. The variety and craftsmanship of lacquerware reached a peak during the Shang and Zhou Dynasties.--[[User:Zhao Xiaoyan|Zhao Xiaoyan]] ([[User talk:Zhao Xiaoyan|talk]]) 15:54, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+.微雕施工面积极小，没有相当高的书法功底和熟练运用微雕工具的技能是难以完成的，且刻作时，要屏息静气，神思集中，一丝不苟。
+The construction surface of micro-engraving is so small. It is difficult to complete without a high calligraphy skill and proficiency in the use of micro-engraving tools. When carving, it is necessary to hold your breath, concentrate and be meticulous.--[[User:Zhang Hui|Zhang Hui]] ([[User talk:Zhang Hui|talk]]) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
-=====Wu Zijia 吴子佳=====
+The construction surface of micro-engraving is so small. It is difficult to complete without a fairly high foundation of calligraphy skills and proficiency in the use of micro-engraving tools. When carving, it is necessary to hold your breath, concentrate and be meticulous.--[[User:You Yuting|You Yuting]] ([[User talk:You Yuting|talk]]) 04:15, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-.中国的国旗是五星红旗，五颗黄色星星一大四小，小星呈弧形环绕在大星右侧，同时红色象征着革命。
-The national flag of China is the Five-star Red Flag ,and there is one big yellow star with four small ones encircled on its right in the shape of an arch,and red is a symbol of revolution.
-.不同地区的彩灯风格迥异，陕北的农民用南瓜做灯笼，用棉花等材料做成羊头形状。
+==Zhang Ling 张玲==
-Different regions have different lanterns.Farmers in the northern Shaanxi province will make lanterns with pumpkins and will decorate the lanterns with some materials such as cotton to make them look like sheep's heads.
+. 湘绣是中国四大名绣之一，是以湖南长沙为中心的带有鲜明湘楚文化特色的湖南刺绣产品的总称，它起源于湖南的民间刺绣，吸取了苏绣和粤绣的优点而发展起来，已经有2000多年历史。
-Styles of colorful lights are varied in different regions.For example, peasants in Northern Shaanxi Province  utilize pumpkins as lanterns and make the shape of sheep's head  with cottons and other materials.--[[User:Mo Ling|Mo Ling]] ([[User talk:Mo Ling|talk]]) 07:49, 26 September 2020 (UTC)Mo Ling
+Hunan embroidery is one of the four famous embroidery in China. It is the general name of Hunan embroidery products with the distinctive Chu cultural characteristics centered on Changsha, Hunan Province. It originated from the folk embroidery in Hunan and developed by absorbing the advantages of Su embroidery and Yue embroidery, and has a history of more than 2,000 years.  --[[User:Zhang Ling|Zhang Ling]] ([[User talk:Zhang Ling|talk]]) 01:39, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-.自改革开放以来,世界也见证着中国的高速发展与变化,并出现了新的四大发明--高铁、手机支付、共享单车以及网上购物。
-Since the start of reform and opening up,the world has witnessed a lot of changes and rapid growth in China ,including the new four great inventions--high-speed railway,mobile payments,bike-sharing and online shopping.--[[User:Wu Zijia|Wu Zijia]] ([[User talk:Wu Zijia|talk]]) 12:30, 25 September 2020 (UTC)吴子佳
-=====Xiao Shuangling 肖双玲=====
+. 景泰蓝是古代劳动人民智慧的结晶。在历经元、明、清三代王朝的历史变革中，勤劳智慧的工匠艺人用他们的双手创造了灿烂的景泰蓝文化。
-.中国地势西高东低，山地、高原和丘陵约占陆地面积的67％，盆地和平原约占陆地面积的33％。
-.The terrain of China is high in the West and low in the East. Mountains, plateaus and hills account for about 67% of the land area, and basins and plains account for about 33%.--[[User:Xiao Shuangling|Xiao Shuangling]] ([[User talk:Xiao Shuangling|talk]]) 01:59, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling
-The relief of China is high in the west but low in the east. Mountains, plateaus and hills cover about 67% of the land area, basins and plain cover about 33%.--[[User:Xiao Ting|Xiao Ting]] ([[User talk:Xiao Ting|talk]]) 02:47, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Xiao Ting
+Cloisonne is the crystallization of the wisdom of the ancient working people. Through the historical changes of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, hardworking and intelligent craftsmen created splendid Cloisonne culture with their hands.  --[[User:Zhang Ling|Zhang Ling]] ([[User talk:Zhang Ling|talk]]) 01:39, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-.中国传统节日，是中华民族悠久历史文化的重要组成部分，形式多样、内容丰富。传统节日的形成，是一个民族或国家的历史文化长期积淀凝聚的过程。
+. 8000年前，新石器时代的原始人们惊奇地发现，用漆树上割取的天然汁液涂在木制器物表面，就能带给它们一层经久不朽的保护膜。
-. Chinese traditional festivals is an important part of the long history and culture of the Chinese nation, with various forms and rich contents. The formation of traditional festivals is a process of long-term accumulation of the history and culture of a nation or country.--[[User:Xiao Shuangling|Xiao Shuangling]] ([[User talk:Xiao Shuangling|talk]]) 01:59, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling
-As an indispensable part of the long history and culture of the Chinese nation,Chinese traditional festivals are of diversified forms and rich contents.It is formed in a country's or a nation's long-time accumulation of history and culture.--[[User:Xiao Ting|Xiao Ting]] ([[User talk:Xiao Ting|talk]]) 02:47, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Xiao Ting
+years ago, the primitive people of the Neolithic Age were surprised to find that applying natural sap cut from the sumac tree on the surface of wooden utensils can give them a long-lasting protective film. --[[User:Zhang Ling|Zhang Ling]] ([[User talk:Zhang Ling|talk]]) 01:39, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
+. 木雕作为一门非常优秀的民间工艺，不仅有着精湛的雕刻技艺，更是具备了几千年的历史文化积淀。
-.只要谈到中国古代五千年文明，心中定会洋溢着自豪之情。无论是文化还是科技都是领先于世界。尤其是四大发明，代表着中国古代科技的最高成就。
+As a very excellent folk craft, wood carving not only has exquisite carving skills, but also has thousands of years of historical and cultural accumulation.
-.As long as we talk about the five thousand years of ancient Chinese civilization, we will be filled with pride. Both culture and technology are ahead of the world. In particularly, the Four Great Inventions represent the highest achievements of the science and technology in ancient China.--[[User:Xiao Shuangling|Xiao Shuangling]] ([[User talk:Xiao Shuangling|talk]]) 15:14, 26 September 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling
+--[[User:Zhang Ling|Zhang Ling]] ([[User talk:Zhang Ling|talk]]) 01:39, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-When it comes to the ancient Chinese civilization of five thousand years,we will be so very proud.Not only culture but also technology are advanced in the world,especially the four great inventions representing ancient China's ultimate achievement in science and technology.--[[User:Xiao Ting|Xiao Ting]] ([[User talk:Xiao Ting|talk]]) 02:47, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Xiao Ting
+==Zhang Peiwen 张佩闻==
+现保存的较好的刺绣为甘肃民间藏品《福禄寿》，市面上常见的清代刺绣大多做工较为粗糙，图案简单，而《福禄寿》（长260cm，宽110cm）至今保存完好，颜色鲜艳，绣工精细。
+The Three Lucky Man(god of fortune, god of prosperity, and god of longevity） collected by Gansu  civil is one of the well-preserved embroiodery with 260cm long and 110cm wide.The bright color and exquisite workmanship diffrentiate it from the average Qing embroideries.--[[User:Zhang Peiwen|Zhang Peiwen]] ([[User talk:Zhang Peiwen|talk]]) 03:03, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
+这个厂主要生产我国传统工艺品：景泰蓝制品，也叫北京烧瓷。
+ This factory produces China's traditional arts and crafts: cloisonne, or Beijing enamel, as it is called.--[[User:Zhang Peiwen|Zhang Peiwen]] ([[User talk:Zhang Peiwen|talk]]) 03:03, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
-When it comes to the 5000-year-old Chinese civilization, we will be very proud. China are ahead of the world in terms of culture and technology. The four great inventions, in particular, representing ancient China's ultimate achievement in science and technology.--[[User:Xu Jia|Xu Jia]] ([[User talk:Xu Jia|talk]]) 05:03, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia
+用漆做涂料，有耐潮，耐高温，耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配置出不同色漆，光彩照人。
+This type of paint ,as a coating material, can be resistant to moisture,high-temperature and corrosion. Also,It can be configured to  form different brilliant colors.--[[User:Zhang Peiwen|Zhang Peiwen]] ([[User talk:Zhang Peiwen|talk]]) 03:03, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
-=====Xiao Ting 肖婷=====
+这种雕刻要求手法精巧。
-.中秋节是中国的传统佳节，根据史籍的记载，“中秋”一词最早出现在《周礼》一书中。到唐朝初年，《唐书》记载有“八月十五中秋节”，中秋节才成为固定的节日。宋朝，中秋节开始盛行。The Mid-Autumn festival is a Chinese traditional festival.According to historical records,”Zhong Qiu(Mid-Autumn)”origianlly appeared in ''Zhou Li'' and by the Tang dynasty,there are records of “In August fifteenth,It is the Mid-Autumn festival”in ''The Book of Tang ''when it had been fixed.It became popular in the Song dynasty.--[[User:Xiao Ting|Xiao Ting]] ([[User talk:Xiao Ting|talk]]) 02:10, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Xiao Ting
+This kind of carving requires a delicate touch.
+--[[User:Zhang Peiwen|Zhang Peiwen]] ([[User talk:Zhang Peiwen|talk]]) 03:01, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
-.The Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional Chinese festival.According to the historical records, the term “Zhong Qiu(Mid-Autumn)” first appeared in the book of Rites of Zhou. In the early years of Tang Dynasty,due to the record of “August 15th, Mid-Autumn Festival” in the Book of Tang Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival then became a fixed festival. In the Song Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival began to prevail.--[[User:Xiao Shuangling|Xiao Shuangling]] ([[User talk:Xiao Shuangling|talk]]) 03:30, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling
+==Zhang Weihong 张维虹==
-.西部有世界上最高大的青藏高原，平均海拔4000米以上，素有“世界屋脊”之称。
+. 中国刺绣的历史，至少有三千多年。从其起源到发展，如同一部细化的服饰史、社会史、文化史。花样繁多的绣法、针法、材质，勾勒、点染、铺陈出最中国的审美意境，恰似锦绣中华。
-In the west,there is the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the largest in the world,with an average altitude of more than 4000 meters.It is known as the "Roof of the World".--[[User:Xiao Ting|Xiao Ting]] ([[User talk:Xiao Ting|talk]]) 02:10, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Xiao Ting
-.There is the world's highest and largest Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the west of China,with an average altitude of more than 4000 meters, known as the “Roof of the World”.--[[User:Xiao Shuangling|Xiao Shuangling]] ([[User talk:Xiao Shuangling|talk]]) 03:30, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling
+The history of Chinese embroidery  dates back some three thousand years ago. The story of its origin and development is like some detailed books of clothing, social and cultural history.  A wide variety of embroidery techniques, needlework, and materials have been used to outline, dye, and depict the most Chinese aesthetic conceptions, just like the beautiful China. --[[User:Zhang Weihong|Zhang Weihong]] ([[User talk:Zhang Weihong|talk]]) 15:12, 10 October 2020 (UTC) Zhang Weihong
-.僧一行是世界上用科学方法实测地球子午线长度的第一人.
+. 铜胎掐丝珐琅，俗称景泰蓝，集制铜、制瓷、掐丝、绘画等多种技艺于一体，堪称中国传统工艺的集大成者。景泰蓝又被称为“火焰的艺术”，因其除了要焊接铜胎、铜丝，烧蓝的步骤也要重复多达三、四次。
-Seng Yixing was the first person who used scientific methods to measure the length of the terrestrial meridian in the world .--[[User:Xiao Ting|Xiao Ting]] ([[User talk:Xiao Ting|talk]]) 01:58, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Xiao Ting
-.Seng Yixing was the first person in the world to scientifically measure the length of the earth's meridian.--[[User:Xiao Shuangling|Xiao Shuangling]] ([[User talk:Xiao Shuangling|talk]]) 03:30, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling
+Copper padding thread weaving enamel, commonly known as cloisonné, is a combination of copper, porcelain, thread-weaving, painting and other techniques. It represents the peak of traditional Chinese craft. Cloisonné is also known as "the art of fire", because apart from welding copper tires, copper wire, it includes three or four times of firing the blue. --[[User:Zhang Weihong|Zhang Weihong]] ([[User talk:Zhang Weihong|talk]]) 15:12, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zhang Weihong
-=====Xie Fan 解帆=====
+. 长沙，地处幅员广袤的荆楚腹心，自战国以来即富产漆器。
-湖南省位于我国中部、长江中游，因大部分区域处于洞庭湖以南而得名“湖南”。
-Hunan Province lies in central China and along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. It is named after its greater parts located at the south of Dongting Lake.("Hu"means "lake" and "nan" means "south" in Chinese.)--[[User:XieFan|XieFan]] ([[User talk:XieFan|talk]]) 07:38, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-Hunan Province lies in central China and along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.It is named so as it's largely located at the south of Dongting Lake.--[[User:Chen Jingjing|Chen Jingjing]] ([[User talk:Chen Jingjing|talk]]) 13:42, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing
-中秋节月亮圆满，象征团圆，因而又叫“团圆节”。
-At the Mid-Autumn Festival nights, the moon is at its full. It is believed that the moon's shape stands for reunion, therefore, that day is called "Reunion Festival" as well.--[[User:XieFan|XieFan]] ([[User talk:XieFan|talk]]) 07:38, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-At the Mid-Autumn Festival nights,the moon is at its full,which stands for reunion,thus being called "Reunion Festival" as well.--[[User:Chen Jingjing|Chen Jingjing]] ([[User talk:Chen Jingjing|talk]]) 13:42, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing
-四大发明是中国古代先民为世界留下的一串光耀的足迹，是人类文明进步作出巨大贡献的象征。
-The four great inventions of ancient China are the brilliant footprint left by Chinese in ancient times and the symbol of great contributions to human civilization.--[[User:XieFan|XieFan]] ([[User talk:XieFan|talk]]) 07:38, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-The four great inventions are the brilliant footprints left by Chinese in ancient times and the symbol of great contributions made from the progress of human civilization.--[[User:Chen Jingjing|Chen Jingjing]] ([[User talk:Chen Jingjing|talk]]) 13:42, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing
-=====Xu Jia 徐佳=====
+Located in the center of Jing Kingdom and Chu Kingdom with a vast territory, Changsha has been rich in lacquerwares since the Warring States period. --[[User:Zhang Weihong|Zhang Weihong]] ([[User talk:Zhang Weihong|talk]]) 15:12, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zhang Weihong
-.大自然的鬼斧神工，造就了长江三峡绝妙的奇景。气势雄伟的瞿塘峡，逶迤曲折的巫峡，礁石纵横的西陵峡，无不风姿绰约，光彩照人。
-The wonderful scenery of the Three Gorges represents one of the most ingenious creations by Mother Nature. The Three Gorges consist of breath-taking Qutang Gorge, winding Wu Gorge and rocky Xiling Gorge, all boasting splendid landscape.--[[User:Xu Jia|Xu Jia]] ([[User talk:Xu Jia|talk]]) 07:25, 26 September 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia
+Changsha, located in the heart of the vast territory of Jing Chu, has been rich in lacquerware since the Warring States Period.--[[User:Zhang Peiwen|Zhang Peiwen]] ([[User talk:Zhang Peiwen|talk]]) 03:11, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
-. 在奇光异彩交相辉映中，众多的龙舟如银河流星，顺流而下，千姿百态，令人叫绝。
+. 尼木县普松乡距拉萨市150公里，是著名的“雕刻之乡”。作为“尼木三绝”之一的普松雕刻是普松乡群众世世代代传承下来的一项古老技艺，现已成为西藏自治区级非物质文化遗产。
-Bathed in impressive radiance, a great number of dragon boats in different shape row quickly downstream, which presents a picture of splendid beauty.--[[User:Xu Jia|Xu Jia]] ([[User talk:Xu Jia|talk]]) 07:32, 26 September 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia
+kilometers away from Lhasa, Pusong is known as "a village of carving". As one of the "three treasures of Nyemo County" , Carving is an ancient art passed down from generation to generation. It was listed as an item in the provincial level intangible cultural heritage.
+--[[User:Zhang Weihong|Zhang Weihong]] ([[User talk:Zhang Weihong|talk]]) 14:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zhang Weihong
-. 指南针的发明是我国古代劳动人民在长期的实践中对物体磁性认识的结果。
+==Zhang Yinliu 张银柳==
-The invention of compass was the brainchild of the ancient Chinese people, who had gained a knowledge of magnetism through longterm practice. --[[User:Xu Jia|Xu Jia]] ([[User talk:Xu Jia|talk]]) 07:25, 26 September 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia
+. 十字绣也称十字桃花绣，是一种在民间广泛流传的传统刺绣方法。其针法特点，十字绣的纹样一般造型简练，结构严谨，常呈对称式布局的图案风格，也有写实风格的纹样，题材多为自然花草。十字绣具有浓郁的民间装饰风格。
-Ancient Chinese people invented compass after their acquaintance with magnetism through long-term practice.--[[User:Mo Ling|Mo Ling]] ([[User talk:Mo Ling|talk]]) 13:10, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Mo Ling
+Cross-stitch embroidery, also named as cross peach blossom embroidery, is a traditional embroidery method which is broad-spreading in the folk. Its pattern is usually concise in shapes, well-knit in structure, symmetric in layout as well as some realistic in pattern. The subjects of cross-stitch emroidery are about nature, flowers and grasses most of time. Cross-stitch embroidery features a strong folk decorative style.
-=====Xu Jing 许静=====
+.中国有句很有哲理的老话，"他山之石，可以攻玉"，即使这种以金属为胎填敷珐琅釉料烧制而成的作品是舶来品，但在中华民族博大精深的艺术土壤上，也很快就融会了中华民族的传统风格，成为中国工艺美术史上一颗璀璨的明珠。
-华西秋雨以绵绵细雨为主。唐代文学家柳宗元曾用“恒雨少日，日出则犬吠”来形容四川盆地阴雨多、日照少的气候特点。
-The autumn rain in West China features continuous and fine rain. Liu Zongyuan, the well-known writer in Tang Dynasty, described the weather in Sichuan Basin as “continuous rain, rare sunny day, even dog would bark in joy, when sun appears”.
-家庭是华人社会的基石，一年一度的团圆饭充分表现出中华民族家庭成员的互敬互爱，这种互敬互爱使一家人之间的关系更为紧密。
+There is a very philosophical old saying,"Stones from other mountains may serve to polish the jade." Even though this foreign good which is made of metal and filled with enamel glaze before it is burnt, in the profound artistic soil of Chinese nation, it soon merged with traditional style of Chinese nation and became a shining pearl in the history of Chinese art and craft.
-Families are the cornerstone of the whole society in China. A reunited dinner each year fully presents the mutual respect and love between family members, which contributes to a closer family.
-东汉和帝时，蔡伦用树皮、破布、废网等造纸，纸质坚韧，造价便宜，于是“天下咸称蔡侯纸”。
+.中国古代所用漆，是漆树分泌的一种汁液，经日晒脱水后，即成为可作涂料的熟漆。
-In the year of Emperor Liu Zhao of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun made paper of higher quality using cheap materials like tree bark, tatters, and scrapped net. After that, this kind of paper were called by the public Cai Hou Paper.
---[[User:Xu Jing|Xu Jing]] ([[User talk:Xu Jing|talk]]) 16:05, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Yang Chenting 杨晨婷=====
+The lacquer used in ancient China is a kind of sap secreted by the sumac tree. After being dehydrated in the sun, it becomes a processed lacquer that can be used as paint.
-道教文化是华夏文明的底色，也是人类文明的留白之处，好象宇宙的空间地带，虽然不可及，却支撑着整个宇宙。
-Taoist culture plays an essential part in Chinese civilization, as well as a reservation of human civilization. It’s like an empty space in the universe, which was far away, but supports the whole universe.
-Taoist culture plays an basic part in Chinese civilization and the blank space of human civilazation. It seems that the space zone of the universe is far-fetched,but it does support the whole universe.--[[User:Wang Xuan|Wang Xuan]] ([[User talk:Wang Xuan|talk]]) 08:09, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan
+. 我们的老师认为:精微艺术贵在精微，也难在精微，因为它不仅术其微小，还必须在微小之中再现艺术神采、韵味。每一件精微艺术品，无不是成功于所实的基本功之上，同时，又缀满了心血和汗水。
-和谐是人类的基本目标,安居乐业，也就是和谐社会的基本景象，向来都是一个国家人民生活的基本条件。
+Our teacher believes that subtle art is valuable in its subtlety, and it is also difficult to keep subtle. Because it not only uses the subtlety, but also must reproduce the artistic charm and essence in the subtlety.  Every piece of fine art is successful due to the basic skills, and at the same time, it is full of hard work and sweat. --[[User:Zhang Yinliu|Zhang Yinliu]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yinliu|talk]]) 16:04, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-Harmony is the basic pursue of human beings. A pleasant living and working space for people is also the basic demand of a harmonious society, which will always be a basic condition for a country’ s people to live.
-Harmony is the basic goal of human beings. To live and work in peace and contentment is the basic scene of a harmonious society as well as the basic condition for a country's people to live.--[[User:Wang Xuan|Wang Xuan]] ([[User talk:Wang Xuan|talk]]) 08:09, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan
+==Zhang Yu 张瑜==
+.中国传统刺绣属于中国传统民间艺术的重要部分,其中蕴藏了丰富的中国劳动人民智慧结晶,也体现着中国传统文化的核心思想。
-老子的《道德经》是汉民族第一部研究伦理道德的专著 ,《道经》主要揭示天道自然观 ,《德经》则专指社会人生观。
+Traditional Chinese embroidery, as an important part of traditional Chinese folk art, holds profound wisdom discovered by Chinese laboring people and embodies the core concepts of traditional Chinese culture.--[[User:Zhang Yu|Zhang Yu]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yu|talk]]) 07:02, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-Moral Classic is the first book studying ethics of Han Nationality. 	Dao Jing is about the view point of the universe and De Jing is about the society. --[[User:Yang chenting|Yang chenting]] ([[User talk:Yang chenting|talk]]) 08:49, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Yang chenting
-Laozi's Tao Te Ching is the first book studying ehics and morality for Han nation. Tao Jing mainly reveals the view of the universe and De Jing the society.--[[User:Wang Xuan|Wang Xuan]] ([[User talk:Wang Xuan|talk]]) 08:09, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan
+Traditional Chinese embroidery, as an important part of traditional Chinese folk art, holds the abundant treasure of Chinese laboring people's wisdom and embodies the core thoughts of traditional Chinese culture.--[[User:Zhang Yinliu|Zhang Yinliu]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yinliu|talk]]) 16:28, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-=====Yang Hairong 杨海容=====
+.景泰蓝制作程序繁复,做工精美,民间有"一件景泰蓝,十件官窑器"的说法,足见景泰蓝的艺术价值之高。
-.南方，指秦岭淮河以南，青藏高原以东的地区，常特指位于一特定的或暗示的方位点以南的地区。
-The south of China, refers to the area south of the Qinling Mountains and the Huaihe River and east of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It often refers specifically to the area south of a specific or implied location.
-.South China refers to the area south of the Qinlin Mountains and the Huaihe River, and east of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is often used to refer to an area south of a specified location.--[[User:Xu Jing|Xu Jing]] ([[User talk:Xu Jing|talk]]) 04:33, 29 September 2020 (UTC)
+The making of cloisonne requires rather elaborate and complicated processes. There is a saying that "a cloisonne is equal to ten official wares", which shows its high artistic value.--[[User:Zhang Yu|Zhang Yu]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yu|talk]]) 07:02, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-.自汉至唐，骚人墨客纷纷吟咏月亮及月中之事，八月十五月圆时成为抒发感情的极佳时刻。
+The making process of cloisonne is rather complicated and the cloisonne is quite elaborate. There is a saying in the folk, "A cloisonne is equal to ten official wares", which completely shows its high artistic value.--[[User:Zhang Yinliu|Zhang Yinliu]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yinliu|talk]]) 16:28, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-From the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, poets and authors chanted the moon and the things of the moon one after another. When the moon is full on 15th August in Chinese lunar calendar, it is time for an excellent time to express feelings.
-.From the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, poets and writers created much works related to the moon. The Mid-Autumn Festival with a full moon, August 15th in Chinese lunar calendar,served as an excellent time for emotion expression.--[[User:Xu Jing|Xu Jing]] ([[User talk:Xu Jing|talk]]) 04:33, 29 September 2020 (UTC)
+.漆器的出现给人们的日常生活带来了便利,同时丰富了人们的精神生活,是人类文明的进步。
-.竹子的纤维硬、脆、易断，技术处理比较困难，用竹子造纸的成功，表明中国古代的造纸技术已经达到相当成熟的程度。
+The appearance of lacquerware, as a symbol of progress in human civilization, brings convenience to people's daily life and enriches people's spiritual life.--[[User:Zhang Yu|Zhang Yu]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yu|talk]]) 07:02, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-The fiber of bamboo is hard, brittle, and fragile, and it is difficult to extract. The success of making paper with bamboo illustrates that ancient Chinese paper-making technology has fairly matured.--[[User:Yang Hairong|Yang Hairong]] ([[User talk:Yang Hairong|talk]]) 13:33, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
-. Since bamboo is difficult to deal with for its fragile fibre, the creation of bamboo paper was a symbol of the ancient China's fairly mature technology in paper making. --[[User:Xu Jing|Xu Jing]] ([[User talk:Xu Jing|talk]]) 03:56, 28 September 2020 (UTC)
+.中国玉雕艺术博大精深,具有十分丰富的文化内涵与较高的美学品位,经过长时间的历史发展与积淀,玉雕的内容和形式都趋于完善。
-=====Yang Hui 阳慧=====
+The Chinese art of jade carving, both extensive and profound, has rich cultural connotations and higher aesthetic taste. The content and form of jade carving tend to be comprehensive after a long period of historical development and accumulation. --[[User:Zhang Yu|Zhang Yu]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yu|talk]]) 07:00, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-西塘古镇是我国江南水乡的民居代表，清新秀雅，美不胜收。它在浙江嘉兴，位于上海和杭州之间。这个占地规模并不大的古镇有着悠久的历史。
-With an exceptional collection of quaint residential buildings peculiar to the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the ancient town Xitang has a wide range of beauty to offer.
-中国新年（也称之春节）每年由来自世界各地数以百万民众庆祝，被视为最为重要的中国传统节日。
-Chinese New Year (also called t传统认为，造纸术在中国能够追溯到公园前105年。据史料记载，东汉时期的蔡伦是第一个用树皮、亚麻、破布、旧鱼网这一类材料造出纸的。Papermaking has traditioally been traced to China about AD 105.According historical records, Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty was the first person who, using such materials as bark, hards, rags and old fishnet, made what was to be termed as paper.he Spring Festival) is celebrated each year by millions of people throughout the world and viewed as the most significant of the traditionl Chinese holidays.
-传统认为，造纸术在中国能够追溯到公园前105年。据史料记载，东汉时期的蔡伦是第一个用树皮、亚麻、破布、旧鱼网这一类材料造出纸的。Papermaking has traditioally been traced to China about AD 105.According historical records, Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty was the first person who, using such materials as bark, hards, rags and old fishnet, made what was to be termed as paper.--[[User:YangHui|YangHui]] ([[User talk:YangHui|talk]]) 10:27, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Yang Yue 杨悦=====
+==Zhang Yujie 张毓婕==
-噫吁嚱，危乎高哉！蜀道之难，难于上青天！
+.苏州刺绣至今已有2000余年的历史，早在三国时期苏绣就出现了。
-Alas! What height and how perilous! The journey to the Sichuan Road is more difficult than climbing Heaven!--[[User:Yang Yue|Yang Yue]] ([[User talk:Yang Yue|talk]]) 02:37, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全。但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。
+Suzhou embroidery has a long history of more than 2000 years, which can dates back to as early as the Three Kingdoms period (220-280 A.D.)
-People may have sorrow and joy and they part and get together  again.The moon sometimes dims or shines and sometimes waxes or wanes. This matter cannot be perfect in all ages. We wish you a long life so as to share the beauty of this moon even though we are thousands of miles apart.--[[User:Yang Yue|Yang Yue]] ([[User talk:Yang Yue|talk]]) 02:37, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-印刷术的出现，加快了文化传播，改变了欧洲只有上等人才能读书的状况。
+.景泰蓝是中国的著名特种金属工艺品之一，属于国家级非物质文化遗产。
-The advent of printing accelerated the spread of culture and changed the situation that only the upper class in Europe could receive education.--[[User:Yang Yue|Yang Yue]] ([[User talk:Yang Yue|talk]]) 02:27, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-The advent of printing accelerated the spread of culture, thus changing the situation in Europe where only the upper class has access to education. --[[User:Li Liqin|Li Liqin]] ([[User talk:Li Liqin|talk]]) 02:51, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+Cloisonne, one of China's famous special metal crafts, belongs to the national intangible cultural heritage.
-=====Yang Ziling 杨子泠=====
+.漆器是指用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等。漆器是中国古代在化学工艺方面的重要发明。
-中秋之夜，举杯团圆，叶已纷飞情义绵延。 On Mid-Autumn night, people propose a toast to the reunion when leaves are falling and people are happily gathering.
-On Mid-Autumn Festival night,  people propose a toast to the reunion  when gathering with massive leaves floating in the sky. --[[User:YangHui|YangHui]] ([[User talk:YangHui|talk]]) 10:40, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
-In the evening of Mid-Autumn festival, people from all of the nation propose a toast to family reunion with yellow leaves are falling from trees, full of in-depth affection and warmth. --[[User:Zhumeimei|Zhumeimei]] ([[User talk:Zhumeimei|talk]]) 03:50, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
-海南岛轮廓形似一个椭圆形大雪梨，地势四周低平，中间高耸，属热带海洋性季风气候，全年暖热，雨量充沛。
+Lacquerware, refering to everyday utensils, handicrafts, and fine arts made by painting on the surface of various objects, is an important invention of chemical technology in ancient China.
-The outline of Hainan Island resembles a large oval-shaped pear. The terrain is low and flat all around and high in the middle. It has a tropical maritime monsoon climate, warm and hot throughout the year with abundant rainfall.--[[User:Yang Ziling|Yang Ziling]] ([[User talk:Yang Ziling|talk]]) 03:12, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+.石雕的历史是艺术的历史，也是文化内涵丰富的历史，更是形象生动而又实在的人类历史。
-新年到，老幼尽开颜。倒数声声天地响，腾星点点世人欢。守夜不思眠。
+The history of stone carving is the history of art. Carrying rich cultural connotations, it is also the vivid and real history of human beings.--[[User:Zhang Yujie|Zhang Yujie]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yujie|talk]]) 07:16, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-When New Year comes, the young and the old are happy. The countdown sounds loudly and the whole town is immersed in a festival atmosphere when people stay awake all night long.--[[User:Yang Ziling|Yang Ziling]] ([[User talk:Yang Ziling|talk]]) 06:48, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Yi Zichu 义子楚=====
+==Zhang Yuxing 张宇星==
-. 青藏高原约占中国领土面积的四分之一，其中大部分地区非常偏远，不适宜人类居住
-The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is about one quarter of China's territory，and much of it is extremely remote and inhospitable
-The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau makes up one quarter of China's territory, much of which is too remote and inhospitable for humans. --[[User:Zhumeimei|Zhumeimei]] ([[User talk:Zhumeimei|talk]]) 04:07, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
+.起源于川西民间的蜀绣，由于受地理环境、风俗习惯、文化艺术等各方面的影响，经过长期的不断发展，逐渐形成了严谨细腻、光亮平整、构图疏朗、浑厚圆润、色彩明快的独特风格。
+The Shu embroidery originated in the folk of Western Sichuan. After long-term development with the influence of geographical environment, customs, culture and art, it has gradually formed a unique style which is rigorous and delicate, bright and flat, and thick and round with sparse composition, and bright colors.
-. 七夕节来源于牛郎织女的传说。相传，每逢七月初七，人间的喜鹊就要飞到天上去，在银河为牛郎织女搭鹊桥约会
+.景泰蓝，中国的著名特种金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺技术制作达到了最巅峰，制作出的工艺品最为精美而著名，故后人称这种金属器为“景泰蓝”。
-Double Seventh Day comes from the legendary story of the Cowherd and the Weaving Girl. During the day，many magpies would fly to the Milky Way to build a bridge for them to date
+Cloisonne, one of China's famous special metal crafts, reached its peak during the Jingtai period in the Ming Dynasty. As its crafts were famous for exquisite and famous, we called them "cloisonne".
-. 在古代，刺绣只由特权阶级特享，象征较高的社会地位
-In ancient times, embroidery could be enjoyed only by the privileged class and symbolized their high social status.--[[User:Yi Zichu|Yi Zichu]] ([[User talk:Yi Zichu|talk]]) 08:19, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-.青藏高原约占中国领土面积的四分之一，其中大部分地区非常偏远，不适宜人类居住。
-The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau covers a quarter of China’s territory,with most of its areas too remote to settle down.--[[User:Liu Liu|Liu Liu]] ([[User talk:Liu Liu|talk]]) 01:32, 27 September 2020 (UTC)Liu Liu
-=====You Yuting 游雨婷=====
+.生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁，主要由漆酚、漆酶、树胶质及水分构成。用它作涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆，光彩照人。
-.五千年的华夏文明孕育了我们祖国灿烂的历史文化，大自然的鬼斧神工雕刻出了神州大地山绝石险的自然奇观。我们的祖国宽广博大、秀丽天成、历史悠久。
+Raw lacquer, natural sap taken from the sumac tree, is mainly composed of urushiol, laccase, gum and water. Used as a coating, raw lacquer has many special functions including moisture resistance, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance, while it can also be applieded to formulate different color paints with brilliance.
-Five thousand years of Chinese civilization gave birth to the splendid history and culture of our motherland, and in a magical way nature has carved out the natural wonders of the land of China. Our country is broad and beautiful with a long history
-.民俗节日来自于人文与自然文化，最早的风俗活动是和原始崇拜、祭祀文化有关。每个传统节日有每个节日的活动载体，诸如灯会、划龙舟等。
+.在最常见的雕刻方法中，一只手拿着凿子，另一只手拿木槌，然后用木槌将凿子敲入木头或石头中。
-Folk festivals derive from human culture and natural culture. The earliest custom activities are related to primitive worship and sacrificial culture. Each traditional festival has its own carrier, such as exhibition of lanterns and dragon boat race.
+One hand hold a chiseland another a mallet, and then drive the chisel into wood or stone with the mallet, which is the most common method for carving.--[[User:Zhang Yuxing|Zhang Yuxing]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yuxing|talk]]) 10:28, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-.在人类历史上，封建社会科学文化的最高成就是由中国创造的。其中农学、医学、数学、天文学是我国古代的四大自然科学。
+==Zhao Xi 赵茜==
-In the history of mankind, the highest achievement of science and culture in feudal society was the creation of China. Among them, agronomy, medicine, mathematics and astronomy are the four natural sciences in ancient China.
+.刺绣是我国独特的传统工艺品，我国的刺绣有着悠久的历史。早在秦汉时期，刺绣的工艺技术就发展到较高的水平，它是汉代封建经济的重要支柱，也是古代丝绸之路上对外输出的主要商品之一。
---[[User:You Yuting|You Yuting]] ([[User talk:You Yuting|talk]]) 08:46, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-. In the history of humankind, it was China that achieved the greatest achievement of science and culture in feudal society. --[[User:Zhang Ling|Zhang Ling]] ([[User talk:Zhang Ling|talk]]) 01:21, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
+With a long history in China, embroidery is a unique traditional artifact. Early in the Qin and Han periods, as the technology of embroidery developed at a high level, embroidery was the pillar of the feudal economy in the Han Dynasty and was one of the major export commodities in the ancient Silk Road. --[[User:Zhao Xi|Zhao Xi]] ([[User talk:Zhao Xi|talk]]) 10:39, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-=====Yu Ni 余妮=====
+Embroidery is an unique traditional artifact of China with a long history. Early in the Qin and Han Dynasties, craftsmanship of embroidery developed at a quite high level. Embroidery was a pillar of feudal economy in the Han Dynasty and one of the major export commodities on the ancient Silk Road.--[[User:Zeng Xinyuan|Zeng Xinyuan]] ([[User talk:Zeng Xinyuan|talk]]) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan
-.在中国的大地上，有雄伟的高原、起伏的山岭、广阔的平原、低缓的丘陵，还有四周群山环抱的盆地。
-On the land of China, there are majestic plateaus, undulating mountains, vast plains and gentle hills, as well as basins surrounded by mountains and low and flat in the middle.
-.重阳节早在战国时期就已经形成，到了唐代，重阳被正式定为民间的节日。重阳这天所有亲人都要一起登高“避灾”，插茱萸、赏菊花。
-The Double Ninth Festival has been formed as early as the Warring States period. By the Tang Dynasty, it was officially designated as a formal festival. On that day, all relatives should climb together to "avoid disaster", insert dogwood and appreciate chrysanthemum.
-.张衡发明制作的地动仪，可以遥测千里以外地震发生的方向，比欧洲早1700多年。
-The seismograph invented and manufactured by Zhang Heng can detect the direction of the thousand mile earthquake, more than 1700 years earlier than that of Europe.--[[User:Yu Ni|Yu Ni]] ([[User talk:Yu Ni|talk]]) 09:30, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-.On the land of China, there are majestic plateaus, undulating mountains, vast plains and gentle hills, as well as basins surrounded by mountains while being low and flat in the middle.--[[User:Gao Mingzhu|Gao Mingzhu]] ([[User talk:Gao Mingzhu|talk]]) 13:15, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu
-=====Yuan Tianyi 袁天翼=====
-中国地处亚洲大陆东部，太平洋西岸，在总面积960多万平方千米的国土上，自然与地理环境多姿多彩，东西南北风光迥异，山川江河蕴藏着极为丰富的动植物资源，良好的地理环境造就了无数的天然名胜。
-China, located on the eastern part of the continental Asia and the western shore of the Pacific Ocean, whose territory covers an area of over 9.6 million square kilometers, boasts colorful and miscellaneous natural and geographical environments, with distinctive scenery of the east, west, south, and north, as well as mountains and rivers that enjoy extremely rich fauna and flora resources, where gorgeous geographical environments give birth to countless natural scenic spots.--[[User:Yuan Tianyi|Yuan Tianyi]] ([[User talk:Yuan Tianyi|talk]]) 13:15, 24 September 2020 (UTC)
+.景泰蓝是宫廷艺术，从一出生就被打上了“御用”的烙印，一直被誉为重器，以此显示皇威、帝尊。
-农历五月初五是端午节，这个节日在中国已有2000多年的历史。端午节起源于对伟大爱国诗人屈原的纪念活动。千百年来，人们用吃粽子和赛龙舟这两种形式来庆祝这个节日。粽子是端午节最受欢迎的食物。如今，粽子有各种各样的形状和馅料。
+Cloisonne is a royal art for the use of the emperor since it appeared and is regarded as a treasure to represent imperial dignity and majesty.--[[User:Zhao Xi|Zhao Xi]] ([[User talk:Zhao Xi|talk]]) 10:39, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-The fifth lunar day of the fifth lunar month is China’s Dragon Boat Festival, boasting a history of over 2000 years in China, which originates from the memorial activities for the great patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Over the thousands of years, people celebrate this day by eating rice dumplings—the most popular food on that day, and racing dragon boats. Nowadays, the rice dumpling has miscellaneous shapes and fillings.--[[User:Yuan Tianyi|Yuan Tianyi]] ([[User talk:Yuan Tianyi|talk]]) 14:04, 24 September 2020 (UTC)
+Cloisonné is a royal art, and since it appeared it had been determined to be used only by the emperor, being regarded as a treasure to represent imperial dignity and majesty.--[[User:Zeng Xinyuan|Zeng Xinyuan]] ([[User talk:Zeng Xinyuan|talk]]) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan
-说到中国古代的科技文明，就不能不说四大发明。人们普遍认为，指南针、火药、造纸术和印刷术的发明对中国古代的政治、经济、文化的发展产生了巨大的推动作用；并且，这些发明经由各种途径传至西方，也影响着世界的文明进程。
+.扬州漆器是我国四大漆器之一,因其工艺精湛、风格独特、装饰精细而闻名于世,具有鲜明的地方特色和时代特征。
-When it comes to ancient China’s science and technology inventions, we have to mention the Four Great Inventions. It is widely acknowledged that the inventions of compass, gunpowder, papermaking and printing have amazingly synergized the development of the politics, economy and culture of ancient China; moreover, those inventions were spread to the West through sundry approaches, causing effects on the process of the world civilizations.--[[User:Yuan Tianyi|Yuan Tianyi]] ([[User talk:Yuan Tianyi|talk]]) 14:04, 24 September 2020 (UTC)
+Yangzhou lacquerware is one of the four great lacquerwares in China and is famous for its superb techniques, unique designs and exquisite decoration, possessing distinct localized features and time characteristics. --[[User:Zhao Xi|Zhao Xi]] ([[User talk:Zhao Xi|talk]]) 10:39, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-=====Zeng Xinyuan 曾心媛=====
+Yangzhou lacquerware is one of the four great lacquerware in China, and is famous for its superb craftsmanship, unique style, and exquisite decoration, possessing distinct features of locality and the times.--[[User:Zeng Xinyuan|Zeng Xinyuan]] ([[User talk:Zeng Xinyuan|talk]]) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan
-提到湘西，第一个想到的必定是凤凰古城。这座曾被新西兰作家路易艾黎称作我国最美的小城，的确美得让人沉醉。
-When it comes to Xiangxi, the first thing that springs to one’s mind must be the Ancient Town of Fenghuang. The town, which was called the most beautiful small town in China by a Zelanian writer Rewi Alley, is so beautiful that may intoxicate someone.
---[[User:Zeng Xinyuan|Zeng Xinyuan]] ([[User talk:Zeng Xinyuan|talk]]) 13:11, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan
-按中国古代历法的解释，八月是秋季的第二个月，称“仲秋”，八月十五又在仲秋之中，所以叫“中秋”。
+.很久以前，我国古代的工匠就把他们精湛的雕刻艺术运用在宫殿、桥梁、佛寺的建筑上，例如紫禁城、卢沟桥、灵隐寺等处，为建筑群增添了奇丽无比的装饰效果。
-According to explanations in ancient Chinese calendar, August is the second month in autumn, called “midautumn” , and August 15th is in the middle of midautumn, thereby, it is called mid-autumn.
---[[User:Zeng Xinyuan|Zeng Xinyuan]] ([[User talk:Zeng Xinyuan|talk]]) 13:13, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan
-传统的观点认为司南是中国汉代甚至战国时代华夏劳动人民发明的一种最早的指示南北方向的指南器，还不是真正意义上的现代指南针。
+Once upon a time, craftsmen in the ancient China applied their exquisite carving skills on such palaces, bridges and Buddhist temples as the Forbidden City, the Lugou Bridge and the Lingyin Temple, adding gorgeous decorative effects to a building complex.--[[User:Zhao Xi|Zhao Xi]] ([[User talk:Zhao Xi|talk]]) 10:39, 9 October 2020 (UTC)
-In traditional views, people believed that Sinan is a compass that indicates direction of south and north , invented by Chinese working people in Han Dynasty or even Warring States period, but not a modern compass in a real sense.--[[User:Zeng Xinyuan|Zeng Xinyuan]] ([[User talk:Zeng Xinyuan|talk]]) 13:17, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan
-=====Zeng Liang 曾良=====
+Long time ago, craftsmen in ancient China applied exquisite carving art to palaces, bridges, Buddhist temples such as the Forbidden City, the Lugou Bridge, and Lingyin Temple, adding a gorgeous decorative effect to the complex.--[[User:Zeng Xinyuan|Zeng Xinyuan]] ([[User talk:Zeng Xinyuan|talk]]) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan
-长沙是首批国家历史文化名城，历经三千年城名、城址不变，有“屈贾之乡”、“楚汉名城”、“潇湘洙泗”之称。
-Changsha is one of the first famous national historical and cultural cities. It has had its city name and townsite unchanged for three thousand years and it is known as “the hometown of Qu Yuan and Jia Yi”, “Famous City in Chuhan country” and “Xiaoxiangsizhu”.--[[User:Zeng Liang|Zeng Liang]] ([[User talk:Zeng Liang|talk]]) 08:25, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-据中国传统习俗，人们通常在清明节放风筝。但每逢清明，也是雨纷纷的季节，因而不适合放风筝。
+==Zhao Xiaoyan 赵晓燕==
-According to Chinese traditions and customs, flying kites usually happen at the Qing Ming Festival. But Tomb-Sweeping Festival is during the rainy season which obviously is not suitable for flying a kite.--[[User:Zeng Liang|Zeng Liang]] ([[User talk:Zeng Liang|talk]]) 08:25, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+.早在秦汉时期，刺绣的工艺技术就发展到较高的水平，它和丝绸是汉代封建经济的重要支柱。
+Early in Qin and Han Dynasties,the embroidery, as an craft and technology, had developed in a high level, which is the key support for the feudal economy of Han Dynasty besides silk.--[[User:Zhao Xiaoyan|Zhao Xiaoyan]] ([[User talk:Zhao Xiaoyan|talk]]) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+Early in the Qin and Han Dynasties,the embroidery, as an craft and technology, had developed in a high level, which is the key support for the feudal economy of Han Dynasty besides silk.--[[User:Zhang Hui|Zhang Hui]] ([[User talk:Zhang Hui|talk]]) 15:53, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
-中国不仅是火箭的发明者，而且还是首先企图利用固体燃料火箭将人类载到空中去的幻想者。
+.中国是瓷器的故乡，瓷器是古代劳动人民的一个重要创造。
-The Chinese is not only the inventor of the rocket but also the first fantast who wants to carry man into space with solid rocket.--[[User:Zeng Liang|Zeng Liang]] ([[User talk:Zeng Liang|talk]]) 08:25, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+China is the hometown of china, which is an important creation by ancient Chinese people.--[[User:Zhao Xiaoyan|Zhao Xiaoyan]] ([[User talk:Zhao Xiaoyan|talk]]) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+China is the hometown of china, which is an important creation by ancient Chinese people.--[[User:Zhang Hui|Zhang Hui]] ([[User talk:Zhang Hui|talk]]) 15:53, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
-Chinese is not only the inventor of the rocket but also the first who fancy sending humankind into space by it in solid fuel.--[[User:Zhumeimei|Zhumeimei]] ([[User talk:Zhumeimei|talk]]) 03:38, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
+.漆器文化历史悠久，兴于秦汉，建于明清，风格独特，蜚声全球，是中国传统的特种工艺宝库 。
+The culture about lacquerware has a long history, which originated from Qin and Han Dynasties and formed in Ming and Qing Dynasties.As the traditional special craft treasury of China,lacquerware is well -knowned by the world with unique style.--[[User:Zhao Xiaoyan|Zhao Xiaoyan]] ([[User talk:Zhao Xiaoyan|talk]]) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+The culture about lacquerware has a long history, which originated from Qin and Han Dynasties and formed in Ming and Qing Dynasties.As the traditional special craft treasury of China,lacquerware is well-knowned by the world with unique style.--[[User:Zhang Hui|Zhang Hui]] ([[User talk:Zhang Hui|talk]]) 15:53, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
-=====Zhang Hui 张慧=====
+.雕刻，是发自内心的，玉雕师本着对玉器的喜爱和敬仰而雕刻。
-因位于黄河北岸而得名的河北省，在古代它的部分土地属于冀州，所以河北简称“冀”，人民政府所在地是石家庄。Located on the northern bank of the Yellow River, Hebei province got its name. In ancient times, part of its land belonged to Jizhou, so Hebei was referred to as "Ji" for short. The seat of the people's government is Shijiazhuang.
+Carving needs to be done with heart, which requires the craftsman to do it with reverence and passion for the jade. --[[User:Zhao Xiaoyan|Zhao Xiaoyan]] ([[User talk:Zhao Xiaoyan|talk]]) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
+Carving needs to be done with the heart, which requires the craftsman to do it with reverence and passion for the jade.--[[User:Zhang Hui|Zhang Hui]] ([[User talk:Zhang Hui|talk]]) 15:53, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
-For the reason of being located on the northen bank of the Yellow River, Hebei province got its name.(In Chinese, "river" pronounces "he" and "north" pronounces "bei" .)In ancient time, some aeras of Heibei were administrated by Jizhou, so Hebei is briefly named as Ji. Its seat of people's government is Shijiazhuang.--[[User:Zhou Yiwen|Zhou Yiwen]] ([[User talk:Zhou Yiwen|talk]]) 15:37, 25 September 2020 (UTC)--[[User:Zhou Yiwen|Zhou Yiwen]] ([[User talk:Zhou Yiwen|talk]]) 15:46, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+==Zhou Yiwen 周艺文==
-蒙古族在中秋的这一天，会组织大家一起来玩“追月”的游戏，一群人在圆月之下，飞奔在草原上，一直朝着西方奔去，因为月亮是从东方升起，在西方坠落，所以朝着西方奔去才算是“追月”，这一风俗符合了蒙古族的潇洒的性格。
-In the Mid-Autumn festival,Mongolians will group together to play the game "chasing the moon".Under the full moon,a group of people will gallop on the grassland and run all the way towards the west.Since the moon rises in the east and falls in the west, it is regared as "chasing the moon" running towards the west.This custom is consistent with the natural and unrestrained character of the Mongolian nationality.
-蒙古族在中秋的这一天，会组织大家一起来玩“追月”的游戏，一群人在圆月之下，飞奔在草原上，一直朝着西方奔去，因为月亮是从东方升起，在西方坠落，所以朝着西方奔去才算是“追月”，这一风俗符合了蒙古族的潇洒的性格。
+.湘绣的艺术特色，主要表现为形象生动、逼真，质感强烈，它是以画稿为蓝本，“以针代笔”，“以线晕色”，在刻意追求画稿原貌的基础上，进行艺术再创造。故其独特技艺，尽在“施针用线”之中。
-In the Mid-Autumn festival, Mongols will group together to play the game "chasing the moon". Under the full moon, a group of people will gallop on the grassland and run all the way towards the west. Since the moon rises in the east and falls in the west, it is only regarded as "chasing the moon" when people run westwards. This custom is consistent with the unrestrained character of Mongols.--[[User:Yang Ziling|Yang Ziling]] ([[User talk:Yang Ziling|talk]]) 07:08, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+As for artistic characteristics, Xiang embroidery is famaous for its vivid images and rich texture. Based on drawings, it tries to show the vivid images of the original drawings and futher recreate artistically. Therefore the unique skill of Xiangxiu is in the thread and stitches.
+.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称，给人以圆润坚实、细腻工整、金碧辉煌、繁花似锦的艺术感受，成为驰名世界的传统手工艺品。景泰蓝工艺的艺术特点可用形、纹、色、光四字来概括。
-煤，石油和天然气是现代能源的主要组成部分，它们的开发利用也最早出现在我国，大约都是从汉代开始的，不过当时还没有发挥太大的作用。
+Beijing is the birthplace of China's cloisonne and the most important place of production. Beijing cloisonne is famous for its elegant and majestic shapes, rich patterns, and dignified colors. It impresses people with its strong artistic characteristics of mellowness, durableness, delicateness, neatness, and splendidness and has become a world-renowned traditional handicraft.
-Coal, oil and natural gas are the main components of modern energy. The exploitation and utilization for them also first appeared in China and started from about Han Dynasty, but they did not play a significant role at that time.--[[User:Zhang Hui|Zhang Hui]] ([[User talk:Zhang Hui|talk]]) 01:54, 25 September 2020 (UTC)--[[User:Zhao Xiaoyan|Zhao Xiaoyan]] ([[User talk:Zhao Xiaoyan|talk]]) 02:47, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Zhang Ling 张玲=====
+.传统的扬州漆器，是在精致髹漆的基础上，选用翡翠、玛瑙、珊瑚、碧玉、白玉、象牙、紫檀、云母、夜光螺及金银等800种名贵材料制作而成。
-. 南海是我国石油和贸易的生命线，我国60%的外贸运输都要途径南海，可见其地理位置的重要性。
-The South China Sea is the lifeline of China's oil and trade. 60% of China's foreign trade and transportation must go through the South China Sea, which shows the importance of its geographical location.
-The South China Sea, the lifeline of China for its abundance in oil reserves and a trade hub as around 60% foreign trade shipping in China going through this area, from which embodies the importance of its geographical location.--[[User:Zhumeimei|Zhumeimei]] ([[User talk:Zhumeimei|talk]]) 03:10, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
+Traditional Yangzhou lacquerware is made from 800 kinds of precious materials such as jade, agate, coral, jasper, white jade, ivory, red sandalwood, mica, luminous snail, gold and silver based on exquisite lacquer coating.
-. 重阳节的习俗普及于汉代，汉代是我国南北各地的经济文化交流融合时期，各地文化上的交流使节日习俗融合传播。
+.在艺术手法上，东阳木雕以层次高、远、平面分散来处理透视关系，并以中国传统绘画的散点透视或鸟瞰式透视为构图特点，在一定的平面和空间范围内所表现出来的内容要比西方古典浮雕更为丰富。
-The customs of the Double Ninth Festival was popularized in the Han Dynasty which was a period of economic and cultural exchange and integration between the north and south of China. The cultural exchanges between various regions promoted the integration and spread of the festival customs.
-. 东汉时，蔡伦在总结前人经验的基础上，改进了造纸术，他用树皮、麻头、破布和旧渔网等材料制成植物纤维纸。
+In terms of artistic techniques, Dongyang woodcarving handles the perspective relation by using space gradations, high or far, and scattered planes and composites by using the scattered perspective or bird's-eye perspective of traditional Chinese paintings. Thus its content expressed within a certain plane and space is richer than Western classical relief.--[[User:Zhou Yiwen|Zhou Yiwen]] ([[User talk:Zhou Yiwen|talk]]) 12:53, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Can Lun improved paper-making on the basis of summing up the experience of his predecessors. He used such materials as bark, hemp, rags and fishing nets to make plant fiber paper.--[[User:Zhang Ling|Zhang Ling]] ([[User talk:Zhang Ling|talk]]) 07:03, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun improved paper-making techniques on the basis of summing up the experience of predecessors, using materials such as barks, hemp, rags and ragged fishing nets to make plant fiber paper.--[[User:Zhang Yinliu|Zhang Yinliu]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yinliu|talk]]) 12:26, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
+==Zhou Yuanqu 周园曲==
-=====Yang Chenting=====
+.百鸟被面以“百鸟朝凤”为题材，画面以凤凰为中心，百鸟群聚于凤凰周围，或翔或栖，或鸣或舞，千姿百态，栩栩如生。
-重阳节的习俗普及于汉代，汉代是我国南北各地的经济文化交流融合时期，各地文化上的交流使节日习俗融合传播。
-The customs of the Double Ninth Festival was popularized in the Han Dynasty, which was a period of economic and cultural exchange and integration between the north and south of China, making the different culture of various regions begin to exchange. --[[User:Yang chenting|Yang chenting]] ([[User talk:Yang chenting|talk]]) 08:56, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Yang Chenting
-=====Zhang Peiwen 张佩闻=====
+The pattern on the quilt shows an image of all birds paying homage to the phoenix. With the phoenix at the center, hundreds of  birds fly or perch, sing or dance, all different in postures and as vivid as life.--[[User:Zhou Yuanqu|Zhou Yuanqu]] ([[User talk:Zhou Yuanqu|talk]]) 12:52, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-Geography, festivals,science and technology
-地理学是研究地球表面的地理环境中各种自然现象和人文现象，以及它们之间相互关系的学科。地理是一门综合性的基础学科。
+.景泰蓝，中国著名金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺技术制作达到了最巅峰，又因其使用的珐琅釉多以蓝色为主，故而得名“景泰蓝”。
-Geography is a subject that studies all kinds of natural phenomena and human behaviors on the earth. It is a comprehensive basic subject/subject comprising many aspects.
+Cloisonne is a famous metal handicraft in China. Because its craftmanship reached its peak in Jingtai period of Ming dynasty(1450 A.D.-1457 A.D.) and  the color of its enamel glaze is mostly blue, it is known as the Blue of "Jingtai".--[[User:Zhou Yuanqu|Zhou Yuanqu]] ([[User talk:Zhou Yuanqu|talk]]) 12:52, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-国务院将其列入首批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。自2008年起中秋节被列为国家法定节假日。
+.宋朝制作的漆器样式多且富变化，造型简朴，表现出器物结构比例之美。一般而言。宋代漆器以素色静谧为主。
-It has been listed into the first batch of state-level intangible culture heritage announced by the State Council, being deemed as one of the national holidays since 2008.
-传统认为，科学是人类所积累的关于自然、社会、思维的知识体系。
+Lacquerware of Song dynasty, plain and unadorned, varies in shape and style, exhibiting the beauty of structural proportions. Usually it is in a plain and tranquil tone.--[[User:Zhou Yuanqu|Zhou Yuanqu]] ([[User talk:Zhou Yuanqu|talk]]) 12:52, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-Traditionally, science and technology is regarded as a system of knowledge about nature, society and thoughts accumulated by human.--[[User:Zhang Peiwen|Zhang Peiwen]] ([[User talk:Zhang Peiwen|talk]]) 13:34, 24 September 2020 (UTC)
-.Geography is a subject that studies all kinds of natural phenomena and human phenomena in the geographical environment of the earth's surface, as well as their interrelations. Geography is a comprehensive basic subject.
+In Song dynasty, Lacquerware is plain and unadorned. It varies in shape and style, exhibiting the beauty of structural proportions. Usually it is in a plain and tranquil tone.--[[User:Yu Ni|Yu Ni]] ([[User talk:Yu Ni|talk]]) 02:28, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
-.The State Council has included Mid- Autumn Festival in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.Since 2008,It's been listed as a national legal holiday.
-.Traditionally, science is thought as a system of knowledge about nature, society and thoughts accumulated by human.--[[User:You Yuting|You Yuting]] ([[User talk:You Yuting|talk]]) 08:57, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Zhang Weihong 张维虹=====
+.2008年6月7日，木雕经国务院批准列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。
-A.中国南方喀斯特是世界上最壮观的湿热带-亚热带喀斯特景观之一，分布在贵州、广西、云南、重庆等省，占地面积共计97，125公顷。
+Approved by the State Council, wood carving was included in the 2nd batch of national intangible cultural heritage list on July 7th, 2008.--[[User:Zhou Yuanqu|Zhou Yuanqu]] ([[User talk:Zhou Yuanqu|talk]]) 12:52, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-South China Karst is one of the world's most spectacular humid tropical-subtropical karst landscapes. Covering 97,125 hectares, it spreads over the provinces of Guizhou, Guangxi, Yunnan and Chongqing.
-B.性情内敛、平和度日的中国人，能和“狂欢”扯得上边的大概只有元宵节了。
+Wood carving was approved by the State Council to be included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list on June 7th, 2008.--[[User:Yang Yue|Yang Yue]] ([[User talk:Yang Yue|talk]]) 13:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-Most of Chinese people are conservative and live a peaceful life. The only revelry for them may be the Lantern festival.
-C.天灯，又称孔明灯，相传为三国时期诸葛亮的发明，也被公认为热气球的始祖
+==Zhu Meimei 祝美梅==
-Sky lantern, also known as Kongming Lantern, was said to be developed by Zhuge Liang in the Three Kingdoms Period. It was also commonly recognized as the origin of hot air balloon.
-Sky lantern, also known as Kongming lantern, was said to be created by Zhuge Liang in the Three Kingdoms Period. It was also commonly recognized as the origin of hot air balloon.--[[User:Zhang Yinliu|Zhang Yinliu]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yinliu|talk]]) 15:25, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
+在全国人大代表、贵州松桃苗绣公司负责人石丽平的坚守和带动下,成千上万名绣娘拿起手中的一针一线,用小小针尖撬动脱贫大事业,既传承发展了"松桃苗绣",又富了"口袋",闯出了一条刺绣致富的好路子。
-=====Zhang Yinliu 张银柳=====
+Driven by Shi Liping, the representative of the National People's Congress and the head of Songtao Miao Embroidery Company in Guizhou province, thousands of embroidery girls took up their needles and threads to engage in the massive undertaking of poverty alleviation, which not only inherit and develop "Songtao Miao Embroidery", and also make a profit, ushering a good way to get rich with the art of embroidery.
-.夏季阳光直射点在北半球，加之北方纬度高，白昼长，获得的光热相对增多，缩短了与南方的气温差距。
-In summmer,the subsolar point is in the Northern Hemisphere. In addition, the north area has a high latitude and long day-time, which makes it receive more light and heat and shortens the temporature difference with south area.
-.古时在我国福建一些地区，中秋之夜有“抛帕招亲”的习俗。
+With the persistence and leading of Shi Liping, the representative of the National People's Congress and the head of Songtao Miao Embroidery Company in Guizhou province, thousands of embroidery girls took up their needles and threads to engage in the massive undertaking of poverty alleviation, which not only inherited and developed "Songtao Miao Embroidery", and also made a profit, ushering a good way to get rich with the art of embroidery.--[[User:Gao Mingzhu|Gao Mingzhu]] ([[User talk:Gao Mingzhu|talk]]) 13:40, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu
-In some areas of Fujian province in ancient times, there was a custom called "Finding the Mr right by throwing handkerchief."
-.In ancient times, some areas in Fujian Province of China has a custom of throwing a handkerchief for marriage at Mid-autumn night.--[[User:Zou Xinyu2|Zou Xinyu2]] ([[User talk:Zou Xinyu2|talk]]) 05:48, 28 September 2020 (UTC)Zou Xinyu
+景泰蓝制作工艺、纹饰与器形富有鲜明的民族特色和中国传统风格,是中国传统工艺品的瑰宝,具有极高的艺术、历史和收藏价值。
-. 春秋战国时期，代表各阶级，阶层利益的不同思想学说纷起，大量的思想家，哲学家各持主张，到处游说，造成“百家争鸣”的局面。
+Owing to its craftsmanship, ornamentation and ware shape, Cloisonne is characterized by unique ethnic favor and traditional Chinese style. They are treasures of traditional Chinese crafts and enjoy extremely high artistic, historical and collection value.
-In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, a variety of thoughts representing different classses and stratums thrived. Many ideologists and philosophers lobbied everywhere with their own ideas, causing the contention of a hundred schools of thoughts.--[[User:Zhang Yinliu|Zhang Yinliu]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yinliu|talk]]) 12:15, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Zhang Yinliu 张宇星=====
+漆器是指用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的器具及工艺品。中国人制造漆器的历史最早可以追溯到7000多年前的新石器时代，经过不断地发展，中国漆器在制造工艺和艺术上都达到了很高的水平，错彩镂金，极尽富丽之美。
+Lacquerware refers to utensils or handicrafts made by painting their surface with lacquer. The history of Chinese lacquer production can be traced back to the Neolithic Age more than 7000 years ago. With persistently development, Chinese lacquerware has reached a very high level both in manufacturing craftsmanship and art. colourfully and dazzlingly embellished Lacquerware fully displays a kind of splendid and delicate beauty.
-张家界国家森林公园地处武陵山脉东段，境内多山，地势由西北向东南倾斜，桑植县境西北的斗蓬山海拔1890米为市境最高处。
+远在新石器时代的河姆渡文化、大汶口文化，就曾发掘出精美的雕花象牙制品。
-Zhang Jiajie National Forest Park, lying in the east range of Wuling Mountain and declining from the northwest to southeast, contains many hills and mountains, among which the Doupeng Mountain, located in the Sangzhi County, touches the highest point in this region with altitude of 1890 meters.
+As far back as the Hemudu and Dawenkou Culture in the Neolithic Age, exquisite carved ivories were unearthed.--[[User:Zhumeimei|Zhumeimei]] ([[User talk:Zhumeimei|talk]]) 08:44, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
-中秋节以月之圆兆人之团圆，为寄托思念故乡，思念亲人之情，祈盼丰收、幸福，成为丰富多彩、弥足珍贵的文化遗产。
-In the Mid-Autumn festival, as the full moon symbolizes a family reunion, it contains nostalgia and the feeling of missing families. It also became a valuable and an important cultural heritage with profound meanings and various activities to pray for good harvest and happiness.
-印刷术是人类近代文明的先导，为知识的广泛传播、交流创造了条件。
-Printing is foreground of modern human civilization, preparing for the widespread and communication of knowledge.
-As the foreground in modern human civilizations, printing creates conditions for the succeeding widespread and exchange of knowledge.--[[User:Zhumeimei|Zhumeimei]] ([[User talk:Zhumeimei|talk]]) 02:38, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
+==Zhu Xu 朱旭==
-=====Zhang Yu 张瑜=====
+. 任何一件湘绣艺术品，都离不开精心饰裱。也是绣品的最后的工序。通常，一件绣品在饰裱和框架的选择方面应与绣品的构图和颜色搭配。
-中国地形、气候十分复杂，土地类型复杂多样，为农、林、牧、副、渔多种经营和全面发展提供了有利条件。 China's landform and climate are very complex, and the land types are various, which provide advantages for the diversified economy and comprehensive development of farming, forestry, animal husbandry, side-line production and fishery.
-清明节是中华民族古老的节日，既是一个扫墓祭祖的肃穆节日，也是人们亲近自然、踏青游玩、享受春天乐趣的欢乐节日。 The Tomb-Sweeping Day is a traditional Chinese festival. It's not only a solemn festival to sweep tombs and worship ancestors, but also a happy day for people to close to the nature, go for an outing and enjoy the fun in Spring.
-四大发明对中国古代的政治、经济、文化的发展产生了巨大的推动作用，经各种途径传至西方，对世界文明发展史产生巨大的影响力。 Four Great Inventions greatly promoted the political, economic and cultural development in ancient China. It spreaded to west through various methods and had great impacts on history of world's civilization. --[[User:Zhang Yu|Zhang Yu]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yu|talk]]) 13:39, 24 September 2020 (UTC)
-四大发明对中国古代的政治、经济、文化的发展产生了巨大的推动作用，经各种途径传至西方，对世界文明发展史产生巨大的影响力。
+Any piece of Xiang embroidery artwork can not be separated from elaborate decoration. It is also the last step of embroidery. Usually, a piece of embroidery in the choice of the frame and decoration should be with the composition and color of the embroidery.--[[User:Zhu Xu|Zhu Xu]] ([[User talk:Zhu Xu|talk]]) 07:06, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-The Four Great Inventions have greatly promoted the development of politics, economy and culture in ancient China. They spread to the west through various channels, and had a great influence on the history of world civilization.--[[User:Ding Daifeng|Ding Daifeng]] ([[User talk:Ding Daifeng|talk]]) 15:17, 24 September 2020 (UTC)
-清明节是中华民族古老的节日，既是一个扫墓祭祖的肃穆节日，也是人们亲近自然、踏青游玩、享受春天乐趣的欢乐节日。 The Tomb-Sweeping Day is a traditional Chinese festival. It's not only a solemn festival for sweeping tombs and worshiping ancestors, but also a happy day for people to get close to the nature, go for an outing and enjoy the fun in Spring.--[[User:Kang Haoyu|Kang Haoyu]] ([[User talk:Kang Haoyu|talk]]) 01:41, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+. 社会经济不断发展，至清中期，物阜民丰，国力强盛，统治阶级有足够的财力精力来支持工艺美术的发展，很多工艺品种都较以前有了长足的进步，这一时期的珐琅工艺也不例外。
-=====Zhang Yujie 张毓婕=====
+With the continuous development of social economy, by the middle of the Qing dynasty, the ruling class had sufficient financial resources and energy to support the development of the applied arts. This period of enamel technology is no expectation.--[[User:Zhu Xu|Zhu Xu]] ([[User talk:Zhu Xu|talk]]) 07:06, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-当春天的时候，我国的最北方黑龙江省还是白雪皑皑、冰封千里之时，远在千里之外的海南岛已经是春暖花开、鸟语花香了。
-In spring when Heilongjiang province, the northest one of China, is covered with snow and ice, Hainan island, thousands of miles away from it, is immersed in a warm atmosphere with fragrance of flowers in full blossoms and singing of lively birds.
+. 新石器时代的漆器制造处于探索阶段，主要制作生活用品，漆色以红、黑两种单色为主，工艺仅有彩绘和镶嵌两种。
-每逢中秋之夜，人们仰望月中丹桂，闻着阵阵桂香，喝一杯桂花蜜酒，欢庆合家甜甜蜜蜜，欢聚一堂，已成为佳节的一种美的享受。
+The manufacture of Neolithic lacquerware is in the exploration stage, the main productions are household goods which painted in red or black. There are only two kinds of crafts: painted and inlaid.--[[User:Zhu Xu|Zhu Xu]] ([[User talk:Zhu Xu|talk]]) 07:06, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-When it comes to Mid-autumn night, Chinese people would get together to celebrate this traditional festival with their family: appreciate the bright round moon, smell the fragrance of Osmanthus, drink cups of sweet Osmanthus wine, which has been a wonderful enjoyment.
+. 玉雕是中国独有的技艺，具有悠久的发展历史和鲜明的时代特征，不同的朝代，玉雕有着不同的造型与特色。
-外国用火药制造子弹御敌，中国却用它做爆竹敬神。
+Jade carving is a unique Chinese art, with a long history of development and distinctive characteristics of the Times. In Different dynasties, jade carving has different shapes and characteristics.--[[User:Zhu Xu|Zhu Xu]] ([[User talk:Zhu Xu|talk]]) 07:06, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-Westerners used gunpowder to make weapons for defeating their enemies, while Chinese used it to make firecrackers for superstitious rites.--[[User:Zhang Yujie|Zhang Yujie]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yujie|talk]]) 09:51, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+==Zou Xinyu 邹鑫雨==
-=====Zhao Xi 赵茜=====
+.刺绣是中国优秀的民族传统工艺之一，刺绣与养蚕，缫丝分不开，所以刺绣，又称丝绣。中国是世界上发现与使用蚕丝最早的国家，人们在四五千年前就已经开始了养蚕、缫丝了。随着蚕丝的使用，丝织品的产生与发展，刺绣工艺也逐渐兴起。
-承德避暑山庄不仅具有极高的美学研究价值，而且还保留着中国封建社会发展末期的罕见历史遗迹。
-Chengde Summer Resort not only possesses highly aesthetic study value, but also retain rare historical relics of the final development of feudal society in China.
-中秋夜那轮圆月就是时光的车轮，碾去悠悠的岁月，却牵动着多情的目光。
+Embroidery is one of the extraordinary Chinese traditional crafts. As it's inseperable from sericulture and silk reeling, it's also called silk embroidery. China is the earlist country in the world to discover and utilize silk. Chinese people started sericulture and silk reeling four to five thousand years ago. With the utilization of silk, the emergence and development of silk fabrics, embroidery is gradually springing up.--[[User:Zou Xinyu2|Zou Xinyu2]] ([[User talk:Zou Xinyu2|talk]]) 06:06, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Zou Xinyu
-The full moon on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival is just like the wheels of time, running over endless years, but affecting amorous eyes.
-早在战国时期，人们就发现了磁力，并用磁石制造了一种仪器，用它来辨别方向,这无疑是世界上最早的指南针。
+.景泰蓝与雕漆、玉器、象牙被称为北京工艺品的四大名旦，更以悠久的历史、典雅优美的造型、鲜艳夺目的色彩、华丽多姿的图案、繁多的品种造型等使其成为工艺美术世界里一颗璀璨的明珠。
-Early in the Warring States Period, people discovered magnet, and invented an instrument by using magnetite to recognize directions. Undoubtly, this was the earliest compass in the world.
-Early in the Warring States Period (475BC.-221BC.), people discovered the existence of magnetic force so they invented an instrument by using magnetite to show directions. That was no doubt the earliest compass in the world.--[[User:Zhumeimei|Zhumeimei]] ([[User talk:Zhumeimei|talk]]) 13:29, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+Cloisonne, carved lacquer, jade and ivory are known as the four illustrious arts of Beijing handicrafts, and cloisonne, depending on its long history, elegant shapes, eye-catching colors, gorgeous patterns, inumerous varieties,etc., becomes a resplendent pearl shining in the world of arts and crafts.--[[User:Zou Xinyu2|Zou Xinyu2]] ([[User talk:Zou Xinyu2|talk]]) 06:06, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Zou Xinyu
-Chengde Summer Resort not only possesses highly aesthetic study value, but also retain rare historical relics of the final development of feudal society in China.--[[User:Zhang Yuxing|Zhang Yuxing]] ([[User talk:Zhang Yuxing|talk]]) 15:59, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+.漆器最开始是看不到美的，成型的步骤漫长而繁琐，安静又孤独。而当你站在已经有着3000多年历史的成都漆器面前，你就会看见岁月一点一滴从细腻的技艺中渗透出一种光芒，圆润秀气，无一丝张扬。
-=====Zhao Xiaoyan 赵晓燕=====
+The beauty of lacquerware is not seen at its very begining, and its procedure of shaping is time-consuming and tedious, silent and solitary. But when you stand in front of Chengdu lacquerware which has a history of more than 3000 years, you'll observe that the age quietly permeates a kind of mellow light from delicate craftsmanship bit by bit.--[[User:Zou Xinyu2|Zou Xinyu2]] ([[User talk:Zou Xinyu2|talk]]) 06:06, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Zou Xinyu
-云南省人民政府所在地昆明市，是中国的历史文化名城之一，也是闻名中外的“春城”，这里冬天不冷，夏天不热，气候温和，四季如春。
-Kunming, the seat of the people's government of Yunnan Province, is one of the famous historical and cultural cities in China, and also known as the Spring city due to its warm climate.
-Kunming,the seat of People's Government of Yunnan Province, is one of the famous historical and cultural cities in China, and also known as "the Spring City" due to its mild climate with four seasons like spring.--[[User:Zeng Liang|Zeng Liang]] ([[User talk:Zeng Liang|talk]]) 08:13, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-据说，此夜月球距地球最近，月亮最大最圆，所以从古至今都有饮宴赏月的习俗。
+. 沉睡的庞贝古城，将人像的雕刻艺术交织于生活用品，似向世人叙说西方古国的风情人貌；繁荣的中山古国，则将富有神秘色彩的东方传说，汇聚于雕刻品中。
-It's said that the moon is the closest to the earth this night, representing the biggest and roundest feature itself, so people get used to feasting and enjoying the moon in this night since the ancient time.
-It's said that the moon is the closest to the earth this night, representing the biggest and the roundest feature itself, so there has been a custom of feasting and admiring the full moon since the ancient times.--[[User:Zeng Liang|Zeng Liang]] ([[User talk:Zeng Liang|talk]]) 08:13, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-经过秦汉，即封建社会巩固和发展时期，我国科学文化的总体水平跃居世界前列，许多领域还在世界上处于领先地位。
+The sleeping ancient city of Pompeii intertwined the carving art of portraits with daily necessities, which seems to tell the world about the customs and features of the ancient western countries; while the prosperous ancient Zhongshan country brought together mysterious oriental legends in the carvings.--[[User:Zou Xinyu2|Zou Xinyu2]] ([[User talk:Zou Xinyu2|talk]]) 06:06, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Zou Xinyu
-After Qin and Han Dynasties, the development and consolidation period of the feudal society, the overall level of science and culture in China leaped into the front ranks of the world, with many fields taking the lead.--[[User:Zhao Xiaoyan|Zhao Xiaoyan]] ([[User talk:Zhao Xiaoyan|talk]]) 01:30, 25 September 2020 (UTC)--[[User:Zhang Hui|Zhang Hui]] ([[User talk:Zhang Hui|talk]]) 02:46, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-After Qin and Han Dynasties, the period of consolidation and development of the feudal society, China's overall level of science and culture has leapt to the front rank of the world, with many fields taking a leading position.--[[User:Zeng Liang|Zeng Liang]] ([[User talk:Zeng Liang|talk]]) 08:13, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Zhou Yiwen 周艺文=====
+==Zubareva, Ekaterina ==
-.西湖的湖体轮廓呈近椭圆形，湖底部较平坦，湖泊平均水深为2.27米，最深约5米，最浅不到1米。
-The West Lake is nearly elliptic in shape and relatively even in its lake bed. The average depth of water is 2.27 meters, the deepest about 5 meters and, the shallowest less than a meter.
-.中国幅员辽阔，历史悠久，所以关于元宵节的习俗在各地也不尽相同，其中吃元宵、赏花灯、舞龙、舞狮子等是元宵节等几项重要民间习俗。
+.有超过100,000个不同的汉字。 实际上，不可能完全精确地计算它们。 但是，对于有识字的人来说，有用字符的数量“仅”在3,000到6,000之间。
-Due to the vast territory and long history of China, the customs of the Lantern Festival in China vary widely between different regions, among which eating sweet dumplings, watching lantern shows, dragon dance and lion dance are very important folk customs.
-.北魏时期，地理学家郦道元的《水经注》，以《水经》为纲，全面而系统地介绍了水道流经地区的自然地理和经济地理等诸方面的内容，是一部历史、地理、文学价值都很高的综合性地理著作。
+There are more than 100,000 different Chinese characters. It is actually impossible to count them all precisely. The number of useful characters, for a literate person however, is “only” between 3,000 and 6,000. --[[User:ZubarevaEkaterina|ZubarevaEkaterina]] ([[User talk:ZubarevaEkaterina|talk]]) 05:59, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the geographer Li Daoyuan created the book Commentary on the Waterways Classic, which is a comprehensive geographical work of high value in history, geography and literature . Taking Waterways Classic as the outline, Li, in his book, gives a all-sided and systematic indroduction to the physical and economic geography of the areas through which a waterway flows. --[[User:Zhou Yiwen|Zhou Yiwen]] ([[User talk:Zhou Yiwen|talk]]) 15:16, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Zhou Yuanqu 周园曲=====
+.中国书法是作为一种艺术形式的汉字书写，它结合了纯粹的视觉艺术和对文学意义的阐释。
-.西北地区深居内陆，距海遥远，独特的地理环境造就了这里雄浑壮美的自然风光和悠久的文明历史。China's northwest region is situated inland and far away from the sea. This unique geological environment creates its magnificent scenery and nurtures its time-honored civilization and history.
-.中秋节源自天象崇拜，由上古时代秋夕祭月演变而来。The Mid-Autumn Festival is originated from people's worship of heavenly bodies and evolves from the sacrificial ceremony of the moon in China's ancient times.
-.墨子和他的学生进行了光的直线传播的小孔成像的实验，说明了焦距与物体成像的关系。By conducting the experiment of pin-hole imaging, which is based on the principle of light travelling in straight lines, Mo-tse and his students elucidated the relationship between focal distance and image formation.--[[User:Zhou Yuanqu|Zhou Yuanqu]] ([[User talk:Zhou Yuanqu|talk]]) 02:14, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Zhu Meimei 祝美梅=====
+Chinese calligraphy is the writing of Chinese characters as an art form, combining purely visual art and interpretation of the literary meaning. --[[User:ZubarevaEkaterina|ZubarevaEkaterina]] ([[User talk:ZubarevaEkaterina|talk]]) 05:59, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-五彩斑斓的吉林黑土地，种啥啥长人民币。Jilin, a multicolored province in China, produces abundant financial gains on its fertile farmland.--[[User:Zhumeimei|Zhumeimei]] ([[User talk:Zhumeimei|talk]]) 03:12, 24 September 2020 (UTC)--[[User:Zhumeimei|Zhumeimei]] ([[User talk:Zhumeimei|talk]]) 03:15, 24 September 2020 (UTC)
-“月饼切开吃还是直接吃”上热搜：南北差异还是刻板印象？"How to eat a mooncake, cutting into pieces or eating one as a whole directly" hits the headline on Chinese social media, a difference between the North and South or a kind of stereotype?
+.书法家和艺术家都使用称为“笔/bĭ”或“毛笔/máobĭ”的墨水笔，这是中国人在公元前300年发明的一种工具。
-指南针是一种判别方位的简单仪器，又称指北针，据《古矿录》记载最早出现于战国时期的磁山一带。Compass, a simple apparatus used to differentiate directions, also called north stabilized indicator, firstly appeared in the vicinity of Magnet Mountain (Ci Mountain) during the Warring States Period (475BC-221BC) noted by “Records of Ancient Minerals". --[[User:Zhumeimei|Zhumeimei]] ([[User talk:Zhumeimei|talk]]) 12:36, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
+Calligraphers as well as artists use ink brushes known as 笔/bĭ or 毛笔/máo bĭ, a tool the Chinese invented around 300 BC. --[[User:ZubarevaEkaterina|ZubarevaEkaterina]] ([[User talk:ZubarevaEkaterina|talk]]) 05:59, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
-Jilin, a province in China that boasts multicolored black earth, returns worthy financial gains to people no matter what is planted on its fertile land.--[[User:Yuan Tianyi|Yuan Tianyi]] ([[User talk:Yuan Tianyi|talk]]) 13:26, 24 September 2020 (UTC)
+.《兰亭集序》（王羲之）
-=====Zhu Xu 朱旭=====
+虽无丝竹管弦之盛，一觞一咏，亦足以畅叙幽情。
-湖南位于我国东南腹地，长江中游，是连接东部沿海省与西部内陆省的桥梁地带。
-Hunan province is located in the hinterland of southeast China and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. It is a bridge between the eastern coastal provinces and the western inland provinces.
-人们在中秋节以月亮寄托思念故乡、亲朋之情，祈盼丰收。中秋节逐渐成为丰富多彩、弥足珍贵的文化遗产。
-In the Mid-Autumn festival people enjoy the moon to express feelings of missing their hometowns, families and friends and hope for harvest.The Mid-Autumn festival has gradually become a meaningful and precious Chinese culture heritage.
-中国高度重视创新发展，把新一代人工智能作为推动科技跨越发展、产业优化升级、生产力整体跃升的驱动力量。
-China focuses on innovative development and regards artificial intelligence as the impetus driving science and technology’s leapfrog development, industrial optimization, and upgrade of productivity growth.--[[User:Zhu Xu|Zhu Xu]] ([[User talk:Zhu Xu|talk]]) 09:00, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
-=====Zou Xinyu 邹鑫雨=====
+Although there is no prosperity of the silk and bamboo orchestra, one chant and one chant are enough to express the secret feelings.--[[User:ZubarevaEkaterina|ZubarevaEkaterina]] ([[User talk:ZubarevaEkaterina|talk]]) 05:59, 11 October 2020 (UTC)