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My name is Huang Zechen.And I major in MTI right now. I believe that I have excellent teamwork, management, and organizational skills. I have served in the student union and have planned and organized various college activities; I have advantageous language and communication skills, knowing how to communicate with teachers and classmates. Besides, I also have wide range of hobbies, including both music and sports. I think I'm careful and able to think flexibly, with strong affinity and interpersonal skills. | My name is Huang Zechen.And I major in MTI right now. I believe that I have excellent teamwork, management, and organizational skills. I have served in the student union and have planned and organized various college activities; I have advantageous language and communication skills, knowing how to communicate with teachers and classmates. Besides, I also have wide range of hobbies, including both music and sports. I think I'm careful and able to think flexibly, with strong affinity and interpersonal skills. | ||
| − | + | = Nov 1, 2024 = | |
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about how to take a taxi. | ||
| − | + | = Nov 2, 2024 = | |
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about my favorite sports. | ||
| − | + | = Nov 3, 2024 = | |
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about hotel check-in. | ||
| − | + | = Nov 4, 2024 = | |
| + | Today I did not do anything for my language learning. | ||
| − | + | = Nov 5, 2024 = | |
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about my favorite weather. | ||
| − | + | = Nov 6, 2024 = | |
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about selecting pets. | ||
| − | + | = Nov 7, 2024 = | |
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about convenience store shopping. | ||
| − | + | = Nov 8, 2024 = | |
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about asking for directions. | ||
| − | + | = Nov 9, 2024 = | |
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about debate competition. | ||
| − | + | = Nov 10, 2024 = | |
| + | Today I did not do anything for my language learning. | ||
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| + | = Nov 11, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about my favorite athlete. | ||
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| + | = Nov 12, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about reading and communication. | ||
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| + | = Nov 13, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about new roommate. | ||
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| + | = Nov 14, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about fishing. | ||
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| + | = Nov 15, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about planning activities. | ||
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| + | = Nov 16, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about traffic jam. | ||
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| + | = Nov 17, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about gym exercise. | ||
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| + | = Nov 18, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about keeping a pet. | ||
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| + | = Nov 19, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about spring cleaning. | ||
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| + | = Nov 20, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about film exchange. | ||
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| + | = Nov 21, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I did not do anything for my language learning. | ||
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| + | = Nov 22, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about exam review. | ||
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| + | = Nov 23, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about weather. | ||
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| + | = Nov 24, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about my favourite celebrity. | ||
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| + | = Nov 25, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about reducing weight. | ||
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| + | = Nov 26, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about how to keep healthy. | ||
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| + | = Nov 27, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about singing songs. | ||
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| + | = Nov 28, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about playing the piano. | ||
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| + | = Nov 29, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I did not do anything for my language learning. | ||
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| + | = Nov 30, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about my favourite teacher. | ||
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| + | = Dec 1, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about my pet. | ||
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| + | = Dec 2, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about listening to a concert. | ||
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| + | = Dec 3, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about the Spring Festival. | ||
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| + | = Dec 4, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about firework. | ||
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| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about playing computer games. | ||
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| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about writing essays. | ||
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| + | = Dec 7, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about visiting the museum. | ||
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| + | = Dec 8, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I did not do anything for my language learning. | ||
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| + | = Dec 9, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about my favourite fruit. | ||
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| + | = Dec 10, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about the virtual reality. | ||
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| + | = Dec 11, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about visiting tourist attractions. | ||
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| + | = Dec 12, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about campus overview. | ||
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| + | = Dec 13, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about my childhood. | ||
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| + | = Dec 14, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about the city I have travelled. | ||
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| + | = Dec 15, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about my hometown. | ||
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| + | = Dec 16, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I did not do anything for my language learning. | ||
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| + | = Dec 17, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about the beautiful mountain I have ever climbed. | ||
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| + | = Dec 18, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about the leave application. | ||
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| + | = Dec 19, 2024 = | ||
| + | Today I talked with TalkAI about team building activities. | ||
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| + | Stand-up Comedy | ||
| + | Zachary | ||
| + | |||
| + | Abstract: | ||
| + | Stand-up comedy, originally an English term, is an art form where a comedian stands alone and tells humorous stories to the audience with a microphone. It originated in the United Kingdom during the 18th and 19th centuries, and was named and further developed in the United States. This paper analyzes the development of stand-up comedy in China and discusses the reasons for its popularity among audiences. In the future, stand-up comedy needs to focus more on the cultivation of new talents, the creation of high-quality content, and the expansion of business models to ensure its continuous development in China. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Recently, with the popular broadcast of comedy variety shows such as Talk Show and Its Friends and King of Comedy, a large number of new comedians including Fu Hang, Liu Yang, and Brothers of Manzai have entered the public’s field. With their optimistic and open-minded attitude towards life as well as their humorous language art, they have infected countless audiences and brought joy to everyone. After a nearly one-year hiatus in China, stand-up comedy has once again returned to the public's attention under great expectations, receiving countless praises and positive reviews from netizens. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Introduction | ||
| + | "Stand-up comedy" is originally an English term. Many Chinese audiences have always had a vague or even incorrect understanding of it, believing that stand-up comedy is the same as the "Talk Show" performance. Many program producers have also failed to effectively categorize this type of program, lumping it together with the talk show or traditional Chinese monologue comic talk. Therefore, it is necessary to make a simple distinction between the above concepts here: firstly, talk show should be considered as television interview programs where guests and audiences gather to discuss the topic given by the host; while monologue crosstalk emphasizes speaking, imitating, teasing, and singing. It is a completely different art form from stand-up comedy with a complete script structure. The stand-up comedy that this article aims to discuss is a special type of comedy, with a very simple performance form. Generally, the performer uses a single microphone to tell a series of original funny stories, short jokes, or anecdotes to the audience in order to make them laugh. Therefore, strictly speaking, the "talk show" comedy that we now call in China should be defined as stand-up comedy from the perspective of form classification. The topic of stand-up comedy can be drawn from a wide range of sources, whether it is the comedians’ daily lives, hot social issues, or the comedians’ imagination, all can be created as performance materials by them. And these materials which make audiences laugh are usually referred to "Duanzi" in the industry (Zheng Shi; Zhang Shaogang 2017, 108-109). | ||
| + | |||
| + | The Development of Stand-up Comedy | ||
| + | As an independent performance form or program type, stand-up comedy has its own unique attributes and meanings that is deeply rooted in history and culture. Stand-up comedy originated in Europe and America, first appearing in British music halls in the 18th and 19th centuries. And the United States across the Atlantic was the first to name this performance. It continuously explored the development model of stand-up comedy and later became an example for other countries to emulate. The earliest television stand-up comedy program production in China can be traced back to Hong Kong in 1990, where comedian Huang Zihua introduced this form of performance into Chinese society, began performing stand-up comedy, and named it "Dong Duxiao" with Chinese characters, causing a huge response. However, due to the usage of Cantonese as the performance language, its influence was mainly concentrated in the Hong Kong region. In 2017, the online variety shows, Roast and Rock & Roast, performed in the form of stand-up comedy achieved great success. The media people successfully used the "celebrity effect" to stimulate the public's interest, causing widespread social concern and resulting in a surge in viewership, which marked the official entry of stand-up comedy into China's popular culture. In 2021, the fourth season of "Rock & Roast" ended with a total viewership of over 2.7 billion, which was in the lead among all the variety shows. It became the hottest online entertainment program in 2021(Zheng Yunrong 2024, 74-75). | ||
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| + | However, the development of stand-up comedy in China has not been smooth all the time. The sudden epidemic plunged the national economy into a recession, and major theaters had to suspend offline performances to avoid crowd gatherings. Faced with an increasingly competitive entertainment market, stand-up comedy could only survive difficultly through online broadcasts for a while. Moreover, the "House Incident" in 2023 was a heavy blow to stand-up comedy, which was trying to start again after the epidemic. The incident was caused by stand-up comedian House, who used Chinese soldiers as a joke in an offline performance. His behaviour triggered strong dissatisfaction among netizens. For a while, the topic of the boundaries of comedy creation was widely discussed. Comedy creation does indeed pursue satirical humor, but this humor should also have a bottom line to comply with and cultural forbidden zones that cannot be touched. Although the actor and the company involved issued an apology statement on the Internet as soon as possible, the entire stand-up comedy industry was still greatly affected by this incident and disappeared from the audiences’ life for almost a year until recent time(Yang Yuliang, 2024). | ||
| + | |||
| + | The Popularity of Stand-up Comedy | ||
| + | Although stand-up comedy entered China relatively late and has not been developing for a long time, it has become so popular to a certain extent as an indispensable source of happiness for many audiences. Why has stand-up comedy been able to gain such high recognition and warm welcome in such a short time? In addition to its humorous and witty expression form and endless jokes, there are still two very important reasons: First, it is short and pithy. In this era where the pace is getting faster and faster, many people can no longer spare a complete 20 or 30 minutes to watch a whole comedy performance like before, and fragmentation is the main way for modern people to obtain information. The performance of stand-up comedy is usually relatively short, but it can convey rich information within a limited time, which caters to the fast-paced lifestyle of modern people with dense punchlines and independent content. Second, it is close to life. The topics discussed in stand-up comedy are often closely related to daily life, and the audience can find content related to their own lives in the program, thus generating emotional resonance. In this era where various pressures and anxieties are overwhelming, stand-up comedy helps people vent negative emotions in its own unique way. Hot topics such as figure anxiety, gender equality, forced marriage, and work involution often appear in performances, while stand-up comedy alleviates contradictions in a humorous, self-mocking, or teasing manner, allowing the audience to reconcile with life's problems and bringing comfort to people. That may also be one of the reasons for its popularity(Wan Qianqian, 2022). | ||
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| + | The Development Direction of Stand-up Comedy | ||
| + | Looking to the future, how to ensure the vigorous development of stand-up comedy in China is also a problem we must consider. First of all, it is necessary to focus on the cultivation and discovery of young comedy talents. Although stand-up comedy was popular in the past few years, the same group of people always appeared in the programs and the public's field, which inevitably led to aesthetic fatigue of some netizens. It is not until recently that the situation improved when a large number of new comedy talents emerged in variety shows. Only by focusing on the cultivation and training of newcomers can stand-up comedy effectively avoid the dire situation of a talent gap. Secondly, it is necessary to continue to focus on the content expression of stand-up comedy and spread excellent culture. As comedians refine their own expressions, they also need to focus on the creation of high-quality content and the continuous polishing of scripts and punchlines. In addition, attempts should be made to combine the creation with the dissemination of positive cultural values, and to pay attention to the boundaries and restrictions of comedy creation freedom, thus avoiding recommitting the same error. Furthermore, we need to form a new business model for stand-up comedy and break the single marketing approach of online plus offline. It is necessary to create a branded and diversified business model type, such as the use of short video platforms. The breakthrough of stand-up comedy will change the single-level aesthetic comedy type, thereby greatly increasing the number of audience and viewing experience, which can lay a good foundation for the longer-term development of stand-up comedy in the future (Jiang Wanyi 2023, 41-42). | ||
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| + | Terms and expressions | ||
| + | stand-up comedy 单口喜剧 | ||
| + | Talk Show and Its Friends 《脱口秀和Ta的朋友们》 | ||
| + | King of Comedy 《喜剧之王单口季》 | ||
| + | talk show 脱口秀 | ||
| + | monologue comic talk 单口相声 | ||
| + | speaking, imitating, teasing, and singing 说，学，逗，唱 | ||
| + | Duanzi 段子 | ||
| + | Dong Duxiao 栋笃笑 | ||
| + | Roast 《吐槽大会》 | ||
| + | Rock & Roast 《脱口秀大会》 | ||
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| + | Questions | ||
| + | 1.What are the characteristics of stand-up comedy? | ||
| + | the performer uses a single microphone to tell a series of original funny stories, short jokes, or anecdotes to the audience in order to make them laugh. | ||
| + | |||
| + | 2.When was stand-up comedy introduced to China? | ||
| + | Stand-up comedy was introduced to China as early as Hong Kong in 1990, where actor Huang Zihua introduced this form of performance into Chinese society. | ||
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| + | 3.What obstacles has the development of stand-up comedy in China encountered? | ||
| + | The sudden epidemic; the "House Incident" in 2023 | ||
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| + | 4.Why has stand-up comedy become popular in China in such a short time? | ||
| + | Its humorous and witty expression form; being concise and powerful; being close to life | ||
| + | |||
| + | 5.How to ensure the continuous development of stand-up comedy in China? | ||
| + | Cultivate and discover new comedy talents; focus on the content expression of stand-up comedy; form a new business model for stand-up comedy | ||
| + | |||
| + | References | ||
| + | [1]Bruno Pinto;David Marçal;Sofia G. Vaz. Communicating through humour: A project of stand-up comedy about science[J]. Public Understanding of Science, 2015. | ||
| + | [2]Miles Tim. Why stand-up comedy matters: how comedians manipulate and influence[J]. Studies in Theatre and Performance, 2017. | ||
| + | [3]Zubin Miller. Stand-up Comedy and Young India: The Expression and Construction of Identity[J]. Changing English, 2020. | ||
| + | [4]Jiang Wanyi[姜婉漪]. From the Minority to the Majority: A Study of Chinese Stand-up Comedy from the Perspective of Communication Studies[从小众走向大众——传播学视域下的中文单口喜剧研究][D]. Nanjing University of Science and Technology[南京理工大学], 2023. | ||
| + | [5]Wan Qianqian[万倩倩]. Entertainment Reflection in Stand-up Comedy[单口喜剧中的“娱乐式反思”][J]. Intelligence of New Century[新世纪智能], 2022 (19): 5-6. | ||
| + | [6]Yang Yuliang[杨宇良]. The exploration path of Chinese talk shows[中式脱口秀的探索之路][J]. Financial View[金融博览], 2024 (11): 34-36. | ||
| + | [7]Zheng Shi, Zhang Shaogang[郑石;张绍刚]. Conceptual Analysis and Cultural Speculation of Stand-up Comedy Programs[“单口喜剧”类节目的概念辨析及文化思辨][J]. Literature and Art Criticism[文艺评论], 2017 (08): 108-113. | ||
| + | [8]Zheng Yunrong[郑蕴蓉]. Comparison and Inspiration of Overseas Dissemination of Stand-up Comedy and Cross talk from the Perspective of Communication Studies[传播学视域下单口喜剧与相声海外传播的对比及启示][J]. Humanistic World[人文天下], 2024 (04): 74-79. | ||
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| + | AI statement | ||
| + | I hereby guarantee that I have not used the help of AI to write my final paper in this course. | ||
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| + | 单口喜剧 | ||
| + | |||
| + | 黄泽辰 | ||
| + | |||
| + | 摘要： | ||
| + | 单口喜剧，源自英文“Stand-up Comedy”，是一种喜剧演员独自使用麦克风向观众讲述幽默故事的艺术形式。它起源于18至19世纪的英国，后在美国得到命名和进一步的发展。本文分析了单口喜剧在中国的发展历程，并探讨了其受到观众喜爱的原因。在未来，单口喜剧要更加注重新生力量的培养、优质内容的创造以及商业模式的拓展，保证单口喜剧在中国的持续发展。 | ||
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| + | 近日，随着《脱口秀和Ta的朋友们》、《喜剧之王单口季》等喜剧综艺的火热播出，付航、刘旸、漫才兄弟等一大批新人喜剧演员进入了国人的视野，他们以乐观豁达的生活态度和诙谐幽默的语言艺术感染了一批又一批的观众，为大家带去了欢乐。而在国内沉寂了近一年的时间后，单口喜剧这种艺术形式再一次在万众期待下回归了人们的视线，收获了无数网友的赞美与好评。 | ||
| + | |||
| + | 介绍 | ||
| + | “单口喜剧”翻译自英文“Stand- up Comedy”，许多观众国内对其一直保持着模糊甚至是错误的认识，认为单口喜剧即是“脱口秀”（Talk Show）表演，许多节目生产者也未对该节目类型进行有效地分类，大而化之地将其与脱口秀节目或中国传统曲艺单口相声等节目画上等号。这里我们有必要对上述概念进行简单的区分：首先，脱口秀应属于嘉宾、观众聚集在一起讨论主持人给出的话题的电视访谈节目；而单口相声讲究说学逗唱，有完整的剧本结构，和单口喜剧是两种截然不同的艺术形式。这篇文章要探讨的单口喜剧则是一种特别的喜剧类型，且表演形式十分简单。一般来说，表演者一个人用一只麦克风向观众讲述一系列原创的搞笑故事、短笑话以及奇闻轶事，以达到逗笑观众的目的。因此严格上来说，我们现在国人所谓的“脱口秀”喜剧，从形式上分类应该定义为单口喜剧。单口喜剧取材来源广泛，不论是演员的日常生活，还是社会的热点议题，亦或是演员的想象虚构，都可以通过喜剧演员的加工成为表演的素材，而这些通常用来引起观众发笑的事情在业界内被称为“段子”。（郑石;张绍刚 2017，108-109） | ||
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| + | 单口喜剧的发展历程 | ||
| + | 单口喜剧作为一种独立的表演形式或节目类型，其自身有源自于历史、深植于文化的独特属性和含义。单口喜剧发端于欧美，最早出现在18至19世纪英国的音乐厅中，而大洋彼岸的美国最早将这一表演形式进行命名并不断探索单口喜剧的发展模式，成为了其他国家争先效仿的样本。我国最早开始电视单口喜剧节目生产可以追溯至 1990 年的香港，演员黄子华将这一表演形式引入华人社会，开始从事单口喜剧表演，并为其取名为“栋笃笑”，引起巨大反响。但由于表演语言为粤语，其影响力主要集中在香港地区。2017年，以单口喜剧作为表演形式的网络综艺节目《吐槽大会》和《脱口秀大会》获得巨大成功，媒体人成功利用“明星效应”，激发了大众的观看兴趣，引起社会的广泛关注，使得观看量暴增，同时标志着单口喜剧正式进入中国的流行文化。2021 年，《脱口秀大会》第四季以超 27亿的总播放量迎来收官，领跑当年 2021 年综艺，成为了当年最热门的网络娱乐节目。（郑蕴蓉 2024，74-75） | ||
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| + | 然而单口喜剧在中国的发展也并非一帆风顺。突如其来的疫情让全国经济陷入低迷，各大剧场不得不暂停线下演出以避免人群聚集，面对竞争日趋激烈的文娱市场，单口喜剧一时间只能通过线上播出的形式在夹缝中求生存。而2023年发生的“House事件”则是给了企图在疫情后重新起步的单口喜剧沉重一击。事件起因是单口喜剧演员House在一次线下演出中用人民子弟兵作为段子，引发了网友的强烈不满，一时间有关喜剧创作边界的话题被广泛讨论。喜剧创作诚然追求讽刺的幽默，但这份幽默也应该有着要守住的底线与不可触碰的文化禁区。尽管演员本人及涉事公司事后第一时间在网络上发布了道歉声明，但整个单口喜剧界依旧因为此事受到了较大的波及，消失了近乎一年，直到最近才再次重振旗鼓强势回归（杨宇良，2024）。 | ||
| + | |||
| + | 单口喜剧的流行原因 | ||
| + | 尽管单口喜剧进入中国的时间比较晚，在中国的发展历时并不长，但一定程度上已然成为国内现象级的存在，是许多观众不可或缺的快乐源泉。为什么单口喜剧在这么短的时间内能够得到如此高度的认可与热烈的欢迎呢？笔者认为，除了其本身幽默诙谐的表达形式以及层出不穷的段子外，还有两个十分重要的原因：其一，短小精悍。在这个节奏越来越快的时代，很多人已经很难像之前那样抽出完整的二十分钟或半个小时的时间，观看一段完整的喜剧表演，碎片化是现代人们获取信息的主要方式。单口喜剧的节目时间通常比较短，但却能在有限的时间内传达出丰富的信息，且其笑点密集、内容独立，迎合了现代人快节奏的生活方式。其二，贴近生活。单口喜剧的谈论话题往往与日常生活密切相关，观众可以在节目中找到与自己生活相关的内容，产生情感共鸣。在这个各种压力与焦虑扑面袭来的时代，单口喜剧以自己独有的方式帮助人们抒发内心的负面情绪。身材焦虑、男女平等、父母逼婚、工作内卷等热议话题都经常出现在演出中，而单口喜剧以幽默、自嘲或调侃的方式缓解矛盾，让观众与生活中的问题和解，为人们带去慰藉，这或许也是它流行的原因之一（万倩倩，2022）。 | ||
| + | |||
| + | 单口喜剧的发展方向 | ||
| + | 展望未来，如何保证单口喜剧在中国蓬勃发展也是我们必须要思考的问题。首先是对于新喜剧人才的培养与挖掘，前几年的单口喜剧虽然火爆，但出现在节目和大众视野当中的永远是同样一批人，不由得引起部分网友的审美疲劳。直到最近综艺节目中，一大批喜剧新人崭露头角，状况才得以好转。只有注重喜剧新人的培养与训练，单口喜剧才能有效避免青黄不接的惨状。其次，要继续注重单口喜剧的内容表达，传播优秀文化。喜剧演员在精炼自身表达的同时，同样要注重优质内容的创造以及稿子与笑点的不断打磨。此外要尝试将创作内容与传播正向文化价值相结合，注意喜剧创作自由的边界与限制，避免“House事件”的重蹈覆辙。再者，我们要形成单口喜剧的新型商业模式，打破单一的线上+线下营销途径。要打造品牌化、多元化的商业模式类型，例如对于短视频平台的利用，单口喜剧的“破圈”将打破单一水平审美的喜剧类型，从而使受众人群和观看体验大大提升，为单口喜剧未来更长远的发展奠定良好的基础。（姜婉漪 2023，41-42） | ||
| + | |||
| + | 术语表达 | ||
| + | stand-up comedy 单口喜剧 | ||
| + | Talk Show and Its Friends 《脱口秀和Ta的朋友们》 | ||
| + | King of Comedy 《喜剧之王单口季》 | ||
| + | talk show 脱口秀 | ||
| + | monologue comic talk 单口相声 | ||
| + | speaking, imitating, teasing, and singing 说，学，逗，唱 | ||
| + | Duanzi 段子 | ||
| + | Dong Duxiao 栋笃笑 | ||
| + | Roast 《吐槽大会》 | ||
| + | Rock & Roast 《脱口秀大会》 | ||
| + | |||
| + | 问题 | ||
| + | 1.单口喜剧的特点是什么？ | ||
| + | 表演者一个人用一只麦克风向观众讲述一系列原创的搞笑故事、短笑话以及奇闻轶事，以达到逗笑观众的目的。 | ||
| + | |||
| + | 2.单口喜剧是何时传入中国的？ | ||
| + | 单口喜剧进入中国可以追溯至 1990 年的香港，演员黄子华将这一表演形式引入华人社会 | ||
| + | |||
| + | 3.单口喜剧在中国的发展受到了哪些阻碍？ | ||
| + | 突如其来的疫情；2023年发生的“House事件” | ||
| + | |||
| + | 4.为什么单口喜剧能短时间在中国流行起来？ | ||
| + | 本身幽默诙谐的表达形式；短小精悍；贴近生活 | ||
| + | |||
| + | 5.如何保证单口喜剧在中国的持续发展？ | ||
| + | 培养与挖掘新喜剧人才；注重单口喜剧的内容表达；形成单口喜剧的新型商业模式 | ||
| + | |||
| + | 参考文献 | ||
| + | [1]Bruno Pinto;David Marçal;Sofia G. Vaz. Communicating through humour: A project of stand-up comedy about science[J]. Public Understanding of Science, 2015. | ||
| + | [2]Miles Tim. Why stand-up comedy matters: how comedians manipulate and influence[J]. Studies in Theatre and Performance, 2017. | ||
| + | [3]Zubin Miller. Stand-up Comedy and Young India: The Expression and Construction of Identity[J]. Changing English, 2020. | ||
| + | [4]姜婉漪. 从小众走向大众——传播学视域下的中文单口喜剧研究[D]. 南京理工大学, 2023. | ||
| + | [5]万倩倩. 单口喜剧中的“娱乐式反思”[J]. 新世纪智能, 2022 (19): 5-6. | ||
| + | [6]杨宇良. 中式脱口秀的探索之路[J]. 金融博览, 2024 (11): 34-36. | ||
| + | [7]郑石;张绍刚. “单口喜剧”类节目的概念辨析及文化思辨[J]. 文艺评论, 2017 (08): 108-113. | ||
| + | [8]郑蕴蓉. 传播学视域下单口喜剧与相声海外传播的对比及启示[J]. 人文天下, 2024 (04): 74-79. | ||
Latest revision as of 18:26, 30 December 2024
My name is Huang Zechen.And I major in MTI right now. I believe that I have excellent teamwork, management, and organizational skills. I have served in the student union and have planned and organized various college activities; I have advantageous language and communication skills, knowing how to communicate with teachers and classmates. Besides, I also have wide range of hobbies, including both music and sports. I think I'm careful and able to think flexibly, with strong affinity and interpersonal skills.
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Stand-up Comedy Zachary
Abstract: Stand-up comedy, originally an English term, is an art form where a comedian stands alone and tells humorous stories to the audience with a microphone. It originated in the United Kingdom during the 18th and 19th centuries, and was named and further developed in the United States. This paper analyzes the development of stand-up comedy in China and discusses the reasons for its popularity among audiences. In the future, stand-up comedy needs to focus more on the cultivation of new talents, the creation of high-quality content, and the expansion of business models to ensure its continuous development in China.
Recently, with the popular broadcast of comedy variety shows such as Talk Show and Its Friends and King of Comedy, a large number of new comedians including Fu Hang, Liu Yang, and Brothers of Manzai have entered the public’s field. With their optimistic and open-minded attitude towards life as well as their humorous language art, they have infected countless audiences and brought joy to everyone. After a nearly one-year hiatus in China, stand-up comedy has once again returned to the public's attention under great expectations, receiving countless praises and positive reviews from netizens.
Introduction "Stand-up comedy" is originally an English term. Many Chinese audiences have always had a vague or even incorrect understanding of it, believing that stand-up comedy is the same as the "Talk Show" performance. Many program producers have also failed to effectively categorize this type of program, lumping it together with the talk show or traditional Chinese monologue comic talk. Therefore, it is necessary to make a simple distinction between the above concepts here: firstly, talk show should be considered as television interview programs where guests and audiences gather to discuss the topic given by the host; while monologue crosstalk emphasizes speaking, imitating, teasing, and singing. It is a completely different art form from stand-up comedy with a complete script structure. The stand-up comedy that this article aims to discuss is a special type of comedy, with a very simple performance form. Generally, the performer uses a single microphone to tell a series of original funny stories, short jokes, or anecdotes to the audience in order to make them laugh. Therefore, strictly speaking, the "talk show" comedy that we now call in China should be defined as stand-up comedy from the perspective of form classification. The topic of stand-up comedy can be drawn from a wide range of sources, whether it is the comedians’ daily lives, hot social issues, or the comedians’ imagination, all can be created as performance materials by them. And these materials which make audiences laugh are usually referred to "Duanzi" in the industry (Zheng Shi; Zhang Shaogang 2017, 108-109).
The Development of Stand-up Comedy As an independent performance form or program type, stand-up comedy has its own unique attributes and meanings that is deeply rooted in history and culture. Stand-up comedy originated in Europe and America, first appearing in British music halls in the 18th and 19th centuries. And the United States across the Atlantic was the first to name this performance. It continuously explored the development model of stand-up comedy and later became an example for other countries to emulate. The earliest television stand-up comedy program production in China can be traced back to Hong Kong in 1990, where comedian Huang Zihua introduced this form of performance into Chinese society, began performing stand-up comedy, and named it "Dong Duxiao" with Chinese characters, causing a huge response. However, due to the usage of Cantonese as the performance language, its influence was mainly concentrated in the Hong Kong region. In 2017, the online variety shows, Roast and Rock & Roast, performed in the form of stand-up comedy achieved great success. The media people successfully used the "celebrity effect" to stimulate the public's interest, causing widespread social concern and resulting in a surge in viewership, which marked the official entry of stand-up comedy into China's popular culture. In 2021, the fourth season of "Rock & Roast" ended with a total viewership of over 2.7 billion, which was in the lead among all the variety shows. It became the hottest online entertainment program in 2021(Zheng Yunrong 2024, 74-75).
However, the development of stand-up comedy in China has not been smooth all the time. The sudden epidemic plunged the national economy into a recession, and major theaters had to suspend offline performances to avoid crowd gatherings. Faced with an increasingly competitive entertainment market, stand-up comedy could only survive difficultly through online broadcasts for a while. Moreover, the "House Incident" in 2023 was a heavy blow to stand-up comedy, which was trying to start again after the epidemic. The incident was caused by stand-up comedian House, who used Chinese soldiers as a joke in an offline performance. His behaviour triggered strong dissatisfaction among netizens. For a while, the topic of the boundaries of comedy creation was widely discussed. Comedy creation does indeed pursue satirical humor, but this humor should also have a bottom line to comply with and cultural forbidden zones that cannot be touched. Although the actor and the company involved issued an apology statement on the Internet as soon as possible, the entire stand-up comedy industry was still greatly affected by this incident and disappeared from the audiences’ life for almost a year until recent time(Yang Yuliang, 2024).
The Popularity of Stand-up Comedy Although stand-up comedy entered China relatively late and has not been developing for a long time, it has become so popular to a certain extent as an indispensable source of happiness for many audiences. Why has stand-up comedy been able to gain such high recognition and warm welcome in such a short time? In addition to its humorous and witty expression form and endless jokes, there are still two very important reasons: First, it is short and pithy. In this era where the pace is getting faster and faster, many people can no longer spare a complete 20 or 30 minutes to watch a whole comedy performance like before, and fragmentation is the main way for modern people to obtain information. The performance of stand-up comedy is usually relatively short, but it can convey rich information within a limited time, which caters to the fast-paced lifestyle of modern people with dense punchlines and independent content. Second, it is close to life. The topics discussed in stand-up comedy are often closely related to daily life, and the audience can find content related to their own lives in the program, thus generating emotional resonance. In this era where various pressures and anxieties are overwhelming, stand-up comedy helps people vent negative emotions in its own unique way. Hot topics such as figure anxiety, gender equality, forced marriage, and work involution often appear in performances, while stand-up comedy alleviates contradictions in a humorous, self-mocking, or teasing manner, allowing the audience to reconcile with life's problems and bringing comfort to people. That may also be one of the reasons for its popularity(Wan Qianqian, 2022).
The Development Direction of Stand-up Comedy Looking to the future, how to ensure the vigorous development of stand-up comedy in China is also a problem we must consider. First of all, it is necessary to focus on the cultivation and discovery of young comedy talents. Although stand-up comedy was popular in the past few years, the same group of people always appeared in the programs and the public's field, which inevitably led to aesthetic fatigue of some netizens. It is not until recently that the situation improved when a large number of new comedy talents emerged in variety shows. Only by focusing on the cultivation and training of newcomers can stand-up comedy effectively avoid the dire situation of a talent gap. Secondly, it is necessary to continue to focus on the content expression of stand-up comedy and spread excellent culture. As comedians refine their own expressions, they also need to focus on the creation of high-quality content and the continuous polishing of scripts and punchlines. In addition, attempts should be made to combine the creation with the dissemination of positive cultural values, and to pay attention to the boundaries and restrictions of comedy creation freedom, thus avoiding recommitting the same error. Furthermore, we need to form a new business model for stand-up comedy and break the single marketing approach of online plus offline. It is necessary to create a branded and diversified business model type, such as the use of short video platforms. The breakthrough of stand-up comedy will change the single-level aesthetic comedy type, thereby greatly increasing the number of audience and viewing experience, which can lay a good foundation for the longer-term development of stand-up comedy in the future (Jiang Wanyi 2023, 41-42).
Terms and expressions stand-up comedy 单口喜剧 Talk Show and Its Friends 《脱口秀和Ta的朋友们》 King of Comedy 《喜剧之王单口季》 talk show 脱口秀 monologue comic talk 单口相声 speaking, imitating, teasing, and singing 说，学，逗，唱 Duanzi 段子 Dong Duxiao 栋笃笑 Roast 《吐槽大会》 Rock & Roast 《脱口秀大会》
Questions 1.What are the characteristics of stand-up comedy? the performer uses a single microphone to tell a series of original funny stories, short jokes, or anecdotes to the audience in order to make them laugh.
2.When was stand-up comedy introduced to China? Stand-up comedy was introduced to China as early as Hong Kong in 1990, where actor Huang Zihua introduced this form of performance into Chinese society.
3.What obstacles has the development of stand-up comedy in China encountered? The sudden epidemic; the "House Incident" in 2023
4.Why has stand-up comedy become popular in China in such a short time? Its humorous and witty expression form; being concise and powerful; being close to life
5.How to ensure the continuous development of stand-up comedy in China? Cultivate and discover new comedy talents; focus on the content expression of stand-up comedy; form a new business model for stand-up comedy
References [1]Bruno Pinto;David Marçal;Sofia G. Vaz. Communicating through humour: A project of stand-up comedy about science[J]. Public Understanding of Science, 2015. [2]Miles Tim. Why stand-up comedy matters: how comedians manipulate and influence[J]. Studies in Theatre and Performance, 2017. [3]Zubin Miller. Stand-up Comedy and Young India: The Expression and Construction of Identity[J]. Changing English, 2020. [4]Jiang Wanyi[姜婉漪]. From the Minority to the Majority: A Study of Chinese Stand-up Comedy from the Perspective of Communication Studies[从小众走向大众——传播学视域下的中文单口喜剧研究][D]. Nanjing University of Science and Technology[南京理工大学], 2023. [5]Wan Qianqian[万倩倩]. Entertainment Reflection in Stand-up Comedy[单口喜剧中的“娱乐式反思”][J]. Intelligence of New Century[新世纪智能], 2022 (19): 5-6. [6]Yang Yuliang[杨宇良]. The exploration path of Chinese talk shows[中式脱口秀的探索之路][J]. Financial View[金融博览], 2024 (11): 34-36. [7]Zheng Shi, Zhang Shaogang[郑石;张绍刚]. Conceptual Analysis and Cultural Speculation of Stand-up Comedy Programs[“单口喜剧”类节目的概念辨析及文化思辨][J]. Literature and Art Criticism[文艺评论], 2017 (08): 108-113. [8]Zheng Yunrong[郑蕴蓉]. Comparison and Inspiration of Overseas Dissemination of Stand-up Comedy and Cross talk from the Perspective of Communication Studies[传播学视域下单口喜剧与相声海外传播的对比及启示][J]. Humanistic World[人文天下], 2024 (04): 74-79.
AI statement I hereby guarantee that I have not used the help of AI to write my final paper in this course.
单口喜剧
黄泽辰
摘要： 单口喜剧，源自英文“Stand-up Comedy”，是一种喜剧演员独自使用麦克风向观众讲述幽默故事的艺术形式。它起源于18至19世纪的英国，后在美国得到命名和进一步的发展。本文分析了单口喜剧在中国的发展历程，并探讨了其受到观众喜爱的原因。在未来，单口喜剧要更加注重新生力量的培养、优质内容的创造以及商业模式的拓展，保证单口喜剧在中国的持续发展。
近日，随着《脱口秀和Ta的朋友们》、《喜剧之王单口季》等喜剧综艺的火热播出，付航、刘旸、漫才兄弟等一大批新人喜剧演员进入了国人的视野，他们以乐观豁达的生活态度和诙谐幽默的语言艺术感染了一批又一批的观众，为大家带去了欢乐。而在国内沉寂了近一年的时间后，单口喜剧这种艺术形式再一次在万众期待下回归了人们的视线，收获了无数网友的赞美与好评。
介绍 “单口喜剧”翻译自英文“Stand- up Comedy”，许多观众国内对其一直保持着模糊甚至是错误的认识，认为单口喜剧即是“脱口秀”（Talk Show）表演，许多节目生产者也未对该节目类型进行有效地分类，大而化之地将其与脱口秀节目或中国传统曲艺单口相声等节目画上等号。这里我们有必要对上述概念进行简单的区分：首先，脱口秀应属于嘉宾、观众聚集在一起讨论主持人给出的话题的电视访谈节目；而单口相声讲究说学逗唱，有完整的剧本结构，和单口喜剧是两种截然不同的艺术形式。这篇文章要探讨的单口喜剧则是一种特别的喜剧类型，且表演形式十分简单。一般来说，表演者一个人用一只麦克风向观众讲述一系列原创的搞笑故事、短笑话以及奇闻轶事，以达到逗笑观众的目的。因此严格上来说，我们现在国人所谓的“脱口秀”喜剧，从形式上分类应该定义为单口喜剧。单口喜剧取材来源广泛，不论是演员的日常生活，还是社会的热点议题，亦或是演员的想象虚构，都可以通过喜剧演员的加工成为表演的素材，而这些通常用来引起观众发笑的事情在业界内被称为“段子”。（郑石;张绍刚 2017，108-109）
单口喜剧的发展历程 单口喜剧作为一种独立的表演形式或节目类型，其自身有源自于历史、深植于文化的独特属性和含义。单口喜剧发端于欧美，最早出现在18至19世纪英国的音乐厅中，而大洋彼岸的美国最早将这一表演形式进行命名并不断探索单口喜剧的发展模式，成为了其他国家争先效仿的样本。我国最早开始电视单口喜剧节目生产可以追溯至 1990 年的香港，演员黄子华将这一表演形式引入华人社会，开始从事单口喜剧表演，并为其取名为“栋笃笑”，引起巨大反响。但由于表演语言为粤语，其影响力主要集中在香港地区。2017年，以单口喜剧作为表演形式的网络综艺节目《吐槽大会》和《脱口秀大会》获得巨大成功，媒体人成功利用“明星效应”，激发了大众的观看兴趣，引起社会的广泛关注，使得观看量暴增，同时标志着单口喜剧正式进入中国的流行文化。2021 年，《脱口秀大会》第四季以超 27亿的总播放量迎来收官，领跑当年 2021 年综艺，成为了当年最热门的网络娱乐节目。（郑蕴蓉 2024，74-75）
然而单口喜剧在中国的发展也并非一帆风顺。突如其来的疫情让全国经济陷入低迷，各大剧场不得不暂停线下演出以避免人群聚集，面对竞争日趋激烈的文娱市场，单口喜剧一时间只能通过线上播出的形式在夹缝中求生存。而2023年发生的“House事件”则是给了企图在疫情后重新起步的单口喜剧沉重一击。事件起因是单口喜剧演员House在一次线下演出中用人民子弟兵作为段子，引发了网友的强烈不满，一时间有关喜剧创作边界的话题被广泛讨论。喜剧创作诚然追求讽刺的幽默，但这份幽默也应该有着要守住的底线与不可触碰的文化禁区。尽管演员本人及涉事公司事后第一时间在网络上发布了道歉声明，但整个单口喜剧界依旧因为此事受到了较大的波及，消失了近乎一年，直到最近才再次重振旗鼓强势回归（杨宇良，2024）。
单口喜剧的流行原因 尽管单口喜剧进入中国的时间比较晚，在中国的发展历时并不长，但一定程度上已然成为国内现象级的存在，是许多观众不可或缺的快乐源泉。为什么单口喜剧在这么短的时间内能够得到如此高度的认可与热烈的欢迎呢？笔者认为，除了其本身幽默诙谐的表达形式以及层出不穷的段子外，还有两个十分重要的原因：其一，短小精悍。在这个节奏越来越快的时代，很多人已经很难像之前那样抽出完整的二十分钟或半个小时的时间，观看一段完整的喜剧表演，碎片化是现代人们获取信息的主要方式。单口喜剧的节目时间通常比较短，但却能在有限的时间内传达出丰富的信息，且其笑点密集、内容独立，迎合了现代人快节奏的生活方式。其二，贴近生活。单口喜剧的谈论话题往往与日常生活密切相关，观众可以在节目中找到与自己生活相关的内容，产生情感共鸣。在这个各种压力与焦虑扑面袭来的时代，单口喜剧以自己独有的方式帮助人们抒发内心的负面情绪。身材焦虑、男女平等、父母逼婚、工作内卷等热议话题都经常出现在演出中，而单口喜剧以幽默、自嘲或调侃的方式缓解矛盾，让观众与生活中的问题和解，为人们带去慰藉，这或许也是它流行的原因之一（万倩倩，2022）。
单口喜剧的发展方向 展望未来，如何保证单口喜剧在中国蓬勃发展也是我们必须要思考的问题。首先是对于新喜剧人才的培养与挖掘，前几年的单口喜剧虽然火爆，但出现在节目和大众视野当中的永远是同样一批人，不由得引起部分网友的审美疲劳。直到最近综艺节目中，一大批喜剧新人崭露头角，状况才得以好转。只有注重喜剧新人的培养与训练，单口喜剧才能有效避免青黄不接的惨状。其次，要继续注重单口喜剧的内容表达，传播优秀文化。喜剧演员在精炼自身表达的同时，同样要注重优质内容的创造以及稿子与笑点的不断打磨。此外要尝试将创作内容与传播正向文化价值相结合，注意喜剧创作自由的边界与限制，避免“House事件”的重蹈覆辙。再者，我们要形成单口喜剧的新型商业模式，打破单一的线上+线下营销途径。要打造品牌化、多元化的商业模式类型，例如对于短视频平台的利用，单口喜剧的“破圈”将打破单一水平审美的喜剧类型，从而使受众人群和观看体验大大提升，为单口喜剧未来更长远的发展奠定良好的基础。（姜婉漪 2023，41-42）
术语表达 stand-up comedy 单口喜剧 Talk Show and Its Friends 《脱口秀和Ta的朋友们》 King of Comedy 《喜剧之王单口季》 talk show 脱口秀 monologue comic talk 单口相声 speaking, imitating, teasing, and singing 说，学，逗，唱 Duanzi 段子 Dong Duxiao 栋笃笑 Roast 《吐槽大会》 Rock & Roast 《脱口秀大会》
问题 1.单口喜剧的特点是什么？ 表演者一个人用一只麦克风向观众讲述一系列原创的搞笑故事、短笑话以及奇闻轶事，以达到逗笑观众的目的。
2.单口喜剧是何时传入中国的？ 单口喜剧进入中国可以追溯至 1990 年的香港，演员黄子华将这一表演形式引入华人社会
3.单口喜剧在中国的发展受到了哪些阻碍？ 突如其来的疫情；2023年发生的“House事件”
4.为什么单口喜剧能短时间在中国流行起来？ 本身幽默诙谐的表达形式；短小精悍；贴近生活
5.如何保证单口喜剧在中国的持续发展？ 培养与挖掘新喜剧人才；注重单口喜剧的内容表达；形成单口喜剧的新型商业模式
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