Difference between revisions of "History of Translation Theories"

From China Studies Wiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
 
(279 intermediate revisions by 12 users not shown)
Line 11: Line 11:
 
[[DCG-To-Do|To the To Do List]]
 
[[DCG-To-Do|To the To Do List]]
  
−
=1 李瑞洋 Translation Theories of Contemporary China--from 1949 to Present=
+
=1 李瑞洋 A Brief Introduction of Contemporary Chinese Translation Theories--from 1949 to Present=
 +
 
 +
'''当代中国翻译理论简史（1949至今）'''
 +
 
 +
李瑞洋 Li Ruiyang, Hunan Normal University, China
 +
 
 
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_1]]
 
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_1]]
−
===Abstract===
 
  
−
===Key words===
+
=2 陈心怡 History of Translation Theories of Russia after the collapse of Soviet Union =
 +
 
 +
'''苏联解体后的俄罗斯翻译理论史'''
  
−
===Introduction===
+
陈心怡 Chen Xinyi, Hunan Normal University, China
  
−
===1.Development of translation criterion===
+
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_2]]
−
====1.1 Origin of translation criterion====
 
−
====1.2 Criticism on Yan Fu' s view====
 
  
−
===2.Absorption of foreign translation theories===
+
=An Overview of Contemporary American Translation Theory——The American Translation Workshop=
 +
'''当代美国翻译理论概述——美国翻译研讨班流派'''
  
−
===3.General theories of literary translation===
+
Zhang Yang, 张扬，Hunan Normal University, China
−
====3.1 Qian Zhongshu's Sublimation====
 
−
====3.2 Translation aesthetics====
 
  
−
===Conclusion===
+
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_3]]
  
−
===References===
+
=An Overview of the Development of Western Translation Theories =
 +
'''西方翻译理论发展概述'''
  
−
=2 陈心怡=
+
Zeng Junlin，曾俊霖, Hunan Normal University, China
−
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_2]]
 
−
=3 张扬 A Brief Introduction of Contemporary American Translation Theory——Examplified mainly by Pound=
 
−
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_3]]
 
  
−
=4 曾俊霖 An Overview of the Development of Western Translation Theories =
 
 
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_4]]
 
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_4]]
  
−
=5 张怡然 History of Translation Theories from early Russia to the Soviet Union=
+
=History of Translation Theories from early Russia to the Soviet Union=
−
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_5]]
 
−
===Abstract===
 
  
−
===Key words===
+
'''从古罗斯到苏联前的翻译理论史'''
−
Translation theories, Translation ideas
 
  
−
===Introduction===
+
张怡然 Zhang Yiran,Hunan Normal University,China
−
===1. Translation theories from Kievan Rus to the end of the eighteenth century.===
 
−
===2. Theoretical ideas on translation by 19th century writers===
 
−
===2.1 The first half of the 19th century.===
 
−
===2.2 The second half of the 19th century===
 
−
===3. Translation theory at the turn of the century===
 
  
−
===Conclusion===
+
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_5]]
  
−
===References===
+
=A Brief Introduction of Contemporary American Translation Theory——Examplified mainly by Nida=
 +
'''简析当代美国翻译理论——以奈达为例'''
  
−
=6 殷美达=
+
尹媛 Yin Yuan, Hunan Normal University, China
−
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_6]]
 
  
−
=7 尹媛 A Brief Introduction of Contemporary American Translation Theory——Examplified mainly by Nida=
 
 
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_8]]
 
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_8]]
−
===1 Abstract===
 
−
The contemporary American translation theory mainly consists of American structural school of translation theory, communicative theory school, and social semiotics translation school. American structural school of translation theory is based on the thoughts of American structuralist school; Nida, as the representative of Communicative theory school, thinks that translating is the a manner of communication and must regard the readers as the service object from the view of Social linguistics and communicative function of language; social semiotics translation school views language as a symbol phenomenon that cannot be ignored when it is explained and translated. Nida is the theorist who experienced these three periods and its theory and ideas saturate with a strong sense of their influence, therefore, this paper gives a brief introduction of the history of the contemporary American translation theory as exemplified by Nida's theory and other translators' theory.
 
−
===2 Key words===
 
−
History of American Translation Theories, Nida, American structural school of translation theory, communicative theory school, a social semiotics translation school
 
  
−
===3 Introduction===
+
=History of translation theory of France from 20th century to the present=
−
The contemporary American translation theory mainly consists of American structural school of translation theory, communicative theory school, and social semiotics translation school. American structural school of translation theory is based on the thoughts of American structuralist school; Nida, as the representative of Communicative theory school, thinks that translating is the a manner of communication and must regard the readers as the service object from the view of Social linguistics and communicative function of language; social semiotics translation school views language as a symbol phenomenon that cannot be ignored when it is explained and translated. As is known to all, in China, Nida's translation theory is the most widely known and deeply impressed among contemporary Western translation theories. Professor Tan Jinxi rightly classifies Nida's translation thought into three different stages: first, descriptive linguistics. Second, the stage of communication theory. Third, the stage of social semiotics (Tan,132). Generally speaking, we can summarize Nida's linguistic thoughts and translation thoughts as follows :(1) Nida is a universalist of language, who insists that all languages are equally expressive. What is expressed in one language can be said in another. (2) Nida's translation theory has undergone a transition from the tendency that translation is science to that translation is art. (3) Nida's basic translation thoughts can be summed up in the following three sentences: Translation is a communicative activity. Translation is to translate connotation. In order to translate meaning, it is necessary to change the form of language expression. (4) When it coms to the nature of translation, Nida proposed the famous concept of "dynamic equivalence", which was later renamed as "functional equivalence". Nida is the theorist who experienced these three periods and its theory and ideas saturate with a strong sense of their influence, therefore, this paper gives a brief introduction of the history of the contemporary American translation theory as exemplified by Nida's theory and other translators' theory.
+
'''20世纪至今的法国翻译理论史'''
  
−
===4 The Characteristics of American translation theory===
+
李双 Li Shuang, Hunan Normal University, China
  
−
There are some mainly characteristics in the contemporary American translation theory. First of all, serialization and systematization of literary translation is the distinct feature of theory. After the World War II, lots of books of translation emerged in many countries. In terms of the whole western translation industry, the scope, forms, scale and achievements of translation after the Second World War are unmatched in any period in the history of western translation. German translation theorist P. W. Jumpelt called the 20th century "The Age of Translation"(Tan Zaixi, 113). Research institutions and publishing houses vigorously made full use of human and material resources to translate, edit and publish various series of books, so as to compile and systematize the translation and publishing of western classics. Secondly, the scale of professional translation is unprecedented. Although western literary translation continued to flourish in the decades after the second World War, the 20th century has come to be known as the "Age of Translation" mainly because of its expansion into other fields. Thirdly, the translation organizations are everywhere. After the end of world War II, translators in western countries had mushroomed to establish various translation associations and set up various translation publications. Each association had its own purpose and purpose to carry out its work effectively. There were more translators' organizations in the United States than in any other western country. There were thirty organizations of translators of all sizes, among which the most well-known are the American Society of Translators, the American Federation of Linguists and the American Association of Literary Translators. Besides, machine translation developed rapidly during these years. The advent and development of machine translation is a remarkable event in the field of modern translation. The last one is that the translation works appeared one by one endlessly. American translators' works include
 
−
 
−
===5 The development of Nida's translation theory===
 
−
==1）Early period—translation theory in a linguistic stage with distinct structural overtones==
 
−
==2) Middle period—Translation science theory and translation communication theory==
 
−
==3）Important Stage—Functional Equivalence and Functional theory of translation==
 
−
==4) Late period—sociosemiotic approach==
 
−
===6 Other translators' contributions===
 
−
===7 Conclusion===
 
−
 
−
=9 李双 History of translation theory of France from 20th century to the present=
 
 
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_9]]
 
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_9]]
  
−
===Abstract===
+
=French Translation Theories from 16th Century to 18th Century =
−
  Translation activities have a long history in France and its theories occupy an important position in the West. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the emancipation of the mind, the progress of science and technology and the transformation of society have reinvigorated the study of French translation theory and entered its heyday. This paper first summarizes the development of French translation studies from the 20th century to the present, then discusses the main translation theories of this period from the perspectives of translation and interpretation, and analyzes the influence of the society and other disciplines on the formation of the theories. Finally, it aims to have a clearer and comprehensive understanding of the development of contemporary French translation theories.
 
  
−
===Key word===
+
'''十六世纪至十八世纪法国翻译理论'''
  
−
===Introduction===
+
杨堃 Yang Kun,Hunan Normal University,China.
  
−
===1.Development of Translation studies in France from the 20th century to the present===
 
−
 
−
===2.Principle theories of written translation===
 
−
====2.1Philological school====
 
−
====2.2Linguistic school====
 
−
====2.3Poetic theory====
 
−
====2.4Cultural school====
 
−
===3.Principle theory of interpretation===
 
−
===Conlusion===
 
−
===References===
 
−
 
−
=10 杨堃 Translation Theories of modern China---from 1840 to 1949=
 
 
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_10]]
 
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_10]]
  
−
===Abstract===
+
=A Brief Introduction to Translation Theories of Ancient Rome=
  
−
===Key words===
+
'''古罗马翻译理论
−
Translation theories;the Westernization Group;the Reformation Group;the Revolution of 1911;the May fourth Movement
+
'''
  
−
===Introduction===
+
Liu Yunxin,刘运心, Hunan Normal University, China
  
−
===1.Translation theories of the Westernization Group and the principal people.===
+
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_11]]
−
 
 
−
===2.Translation theories of the Reformation Group and the principal people.===
 
  
−
===3.Translation theories of the period of Revolution of 1911 and the principal people.===
+
=The Humanistic Trend in Western Translation Theory from the 14th to the 19th Century=
 +
14世纪至19世纪西方翻译理论中的人文主义思潮'''
  
−
===4.Translation theories of the period of the May fourth Movement and the principal people.===
+
Wei Zhaoyan 魏兆妍 Hunan Normal University, China 202120081528
  
−
===Conclusion===
 
−
 
−
===References===
 
−
 
−
=11 刘运心= History of Translation Theories in Ancient Rome=
 
−
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_11]]
 
−
===11.1 Abstract===
 
−
===11.2 Introduction===
 
−
===11.3 Cultural and Historical Background===
 
−
===11.4 Translation theories===
 
−
====11.4.1 Translation Theories Originated from Translation Practices of Greek Classics====
 
−
=====11.4.1.1 Marcus Tullius Cicero=====
 
−
=====11.4.1.2 Quintus Horatius Flaccus=====
 
−
====11.4.2 Translation Theories Originated from Practices of Bible Translation====
 
−
=====11.4.2.1 St. Jerome=====
 
−
===11.5 Influences on Later Translation Theories===
 
−
===11.6 Conclusion===
 
−
===11.7 References===
 
−
 
−
=12 魏兆妍 The Development of Humanism Trend in Western Translation Theory=
 
 
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_12]]
 
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_12]]
  
−
===Abstract===
+
=History of Translation Theories in the Soviet Union=
−
(I'd like to write this when I finished the whole writing.)
+
苏联时期翻译理论史
−
 
 
−
===Key words===
 
−
Western translation theory, Humanism trend, Poetics of translation
 
−
 
 
−
===1. Introduction===
 
−
From the 14th century, Europe began to enter the Renaissance. Dante, the last poet in the middle ages, completed ''The Divine Comedy'' in 1321. In Dante's mind, all human life experience, including life and death, must be explained by Christian faith in order to show its meaning and significance. This Christian worldview gradually degenerated with the emergence of individualism-centered humanism. All beings who submit to God are regarded as rational, unique and creative individuals. In the past years, translators were servants attached to God. Now they have shifted from God to focusing on the translator. Personal development has become the goal and value of life. Although humanist thinkers, writers and translators still maintain the Christian faith, they put more emphasis on personal creative potential and give full play to people's strengths. The focus of translation activities in this period also shifted from the classics of the Christian Church to the translation of more secular humanistic works.
 
−
   
 
−
With the invention of printing in the 15th century, education and schools began to be open to the public. Reading translated works from different countries is no longer a noble enjoyment. Through the wings of translation, words and information are transmitted in all directions and more quickly. For example, Marco Polo (1254-1324) told the story of his travels in China, which spread all over the European continent through printed words. The invention of printing not only brought about a cultural revolution, but also a sharp increase in the number of translations. With the emergence of new disciplines, great changes have taken place in the function of translation. Translation is known as the forerunner of the Renaissance. It can be said that without translation, there would be no European Renaissance and humanistic thought. Take the role of translation in English literature for example: "Translation played a great role in the British Renaissance: first, as a pioneer, it was countless translated works that first caused the mental climate of humanism. Second, translation was still active in the era of the restoration of the king's government, but attention has turned to French works. In the intervening years, that is, in the half century from 1558 to 1603 when Queen Elizabeth was in office, translation activities were more frequent, and famous translations also appeared the most frequently, which constituted a translation climax in the whole history of English literature. " （王佐良、何其莘。英国文艺复兴时期文学史。北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1996年，第72页）In the Queen Elizabeth era, translation reached an unprecedented prosperity, and good translations of famous works continued to emerge. In the following 17th to 18th centuries, neoclassical literary translation surpassed the previous stage. Translation is particularly important to the development of modern English language, literature and culture.
 
−
 
 
−
In Europe, the writers, thinkers and scholars in this period were translators who knew several languages, translation and creation were closely linked. A large number of scholars and poets have expressed their opinions on translation. From the 14th to the 16th century, the most representative was Dante's "untranslatability of literature" in Italy (1265-1321); Erasmus of the Netherlands (1466 - 1536) relied on the translator's language knowledge in the translation of ''The Bible''; The translation of German Luther (1482 - 1546) must adopt the language of the people; The translators in Dore’s mind (1509-1546) in France must understand the original content, be proficient in two languages, avoid word for word translation, adopt popular form and pay attention to the "five translation principles" of beautiful style; Poetry translation in English Chapman's(1559-1634)  mind can not be stiff translation, and the poetry translation method of "rebuilding a new image" can be used.
 
−
   
 
−
From the 17th to the 19th century, the representative figures were as follows. Abranco of France: the translation method of “the beautiful unfaithful ones” which emphasized literariness and readability; Bartow (1731-1780) : accurate translation view of "the author is the master and the translator is the servant"; Dryden (1747-1841) of England: three translation principles of "literal translation, free translation and imitation translation"; Tytler (1747-1814): three translation principles of "the translation must completely reproduce the thought of the original work: the style and tone of the translation must be consistent with the characteristics of the original; the translation must be as smooth as the original." ; Humanistic thinker Herder (1744-1830) of German Romanticism: made a pioneering thinking on the language, nationality and the characteristics of relativism in translation. Goethe (1749-1832) of German: called the translator as "the prophet of the people"; Humboldt (1767-1835): expressed the views on translatability and untranslatability which had a great impact on the 20th century. The foreignization translation method of Schleiermacher (1768-1834) in the later stage has influenced the deconstructive translation theory of the 20th century. For the above representative figures and different translation views, due to the limitation of the length of the article, this paper will discuss some of the representatives according to the development sequence of the history of translation theory.
 
−
 
 
−
===2. The "Rebels" Who Change the Traditional Concept of Translation===
 
−
 
 
−
====2.1 Etiene Dolet and Five Principles of Translation====
 
−
 
 
−
====2.2 Martin Luther and the Tongue of the Common Man====
 
−
 
 
−
====2.3 A Man Who Has Dedicated  His Life to Translation====
 
−
 
 
−
===3. The Embodiment of Muse: Poetics of Translation===
 
−
 
 
−
====3.1 George Chapman: Decorate the Translation with Beautiful Words====
 
−
 
 
−
====3.2 John Denham: Fluent Poetry Translation====
 
−
 
 
−
====3.3 John Dryden's Three Principles of Translation====
 
−
 
 
−
====3.4 Alexander Pope's Translation of Homer Epic====
 
−
 
 
−
===4. The National and World Visions of Translation===
 
−
 
 
−
====4.1 Language Shapes the National Identity: Johann Gottfried Herder and Wilhelm von Humboldt====
 
  
−
====4.2 The Soaring Literary Translation: Johann Wolfgang Goethe and Friedrich Holdern====
+
吴婧悦 WuJingyue, Hunan Normal University, China
  
−
===5. Conclusion===
 
−
 
−
===References===
 
−
 
−
=13 吴婧悦 History of Translation Theories in the Soviet Union=
 
 
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_13]]
 
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_13]]
  
−
===Abstract===
+
=14 杨爱江 History of Chinese Translation Theories from 1919 to 1949=
  
−
===Key words===
 
−
Translation theories, Western translation theories, Soviet Translation theories
 
  
−
===Introduction===
 
−
===1. The evolution of Translation Theories in the Soviet Union.===
 
−
===2. The specific genre of the Soviet Translation Theories.===
 
−
===3. The famous Soviet translators.===
 
−
===3.1 TheTranslation Theories of S. G. Balkhdarov===
 
−
===3.2 The Translation Theories of E. A. Kashkin===
 
−
 
−
===Conclusion===
 
−
 
−
===References===
 
−
 
−
=14  杨爱江 History of Chinese Translation Theories in the Republic of China=
 
 
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_14]]
 
[[Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_14]]
−
 
−
===Abstract===
 
−
Before and after the May Fourth Movement, there is an unprecedented cultural revolution in the field of ideology and culture, the New Culture Movement. The main purpose of this movement is to enlighten the public and spread advanced idea and culture. They translate many books which are written in foreign countries. The translation theories are developed gradually in this process. The aim of this paper is to give a systematic description and analysis about the translation theories raised by those famous writers, such as Lu Xun and Hu Shi. Then we will have a comprehensive understanding about the translation theories from 1911 to 1949.
 
−
 
−
===Key words===
 
−
Translation theories, the Republic of China, Translators
 
−
 
−
===Introduction===
 
−
 
−
The New Culture Movement is also an important milestone in the history of Chinese literature. The literature changes greatly from form to content in this period, surpassing the literary changes of any past era.With the vigorous development of the New Literature Movement, literary translation has also entered the most glorious period in the history of translation. The journal “New Youth” which was founded by Chen Duxiu translated and introduced many foreign literature works, so did other associations and journals.
 
−
 
−
During this period, literary translation had two significant characteristics: First, the May Fourth New Literature translation was another translation climax following the climax of translating Western works. In Comparison with the climax of translating Western works, fundamental changes have taken place in the number of translation works as well as the quality of these works. The important sign is that the leading forces of translation in this period are revolutionary writers such as Lu Xun and Guo Moruo, who are first-rate literary translators. Under the active advocacy and hard work of these people, Chinese literary translation has achieved extensive and in-depth development, forming a positive translation style. At the same time, a large number of outstanding professional translators emerged, such as Zhu Shenghao and Fu Lei. Second, in comparison with translation of other foreign countries’ literature works, Russian literature works’ translation dominates in the society. In addition, translating works about Marxism is another important aspect in that period.
 
−
 
−
===1. A Transition Period of Translation Theories in the May Fourth Movement.===
 
−
===2. A Detailed Introduction to the Translation Theories in the Republic of China===
 
−
 
−
===3. The Application of these Translation Theories===
 
−
 
−
 
−
===Conclusion===
 

Latest revision as of 14:19, 22 December 2021

History of Translation Theories

Overview Page of History of Translation Theories

30 Chapters（0/30)

Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_1 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_2 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_3 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_4 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_5 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_6 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_7 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_8 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_9 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_10 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_11 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_12 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_13 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_14 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_15 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_16 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_17 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_18 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_19 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_20 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_21 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_22 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_23 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_24 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_25 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_26 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_27 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_28 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_29 Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_30 ...

Back to translation project overview

To the To Do List

1 李瑞洋 A Brief Introduction of Contemporary Chinese Translation Theories--from 1949 to Present

当代中国翻译理论简史（1949至今）

李瑞洋 Li Ruiyang, Hunan Normal University, China

Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_1

2 陈心怡 History of Translation Theories of Russia after the collapse of Soviet Union

苏联解体后的俄罗斯翻译理论史

陈心怡 Chen Xinyi, Hunan Normal University, China

Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_2

An Overview of Contemporary American Translation Theory——The American Translation Workshop

当代美国翻译理论概述——美国翻译研讨班流派

Zhang Yang, 张扬，Hunan Normal University, China

Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_3

An Overview of the Development of Western Translation Theories

西方翻译理论发展概述

Zeng Junlin，曾俊霖, Hunan Normal University, China

Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_4

History of Translation Theories from early Russia to the Soviet Union

从古罗斯到苏联前的翻译理论史

张怡然 Zhang Yiran,Hunan Normal University,China

Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_5

A Brief Introduction of Contemporary American Translation Theory——Examplified mainly by Nida

简析当代美国翻译理论——以奈达为例

尹媛 Yin Yuan, Hunan Normal University, China

Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_8

History of translation theory of France from 20th century to the present

20世纪至今的法国翻译理论史

李双 Li Shuang, Hunan Normal University, China

Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_9

French Translation Theories from 16th Century to 18th Century

十六世纪至十八世纪法国翻译理论

杨堃 Yang Kun,Hunan Normal University,China.

Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_10

A Brief Introduction to Translation Theories of Ancient Rome

古罗马翻译理论

Liu Yunxin,刘运心, Hunan Normal University, China

Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_11

The Humanistic Trend in Western Translation Theory from the 14th to the 19th Century

14世纪至19世纪西方翻译理论中的人文主义思潮

Wei Zhaoyan 魏兆妍 Hunan Normal University, China 202120081528

Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_12

History of Translation Theories in the Soviet Union

苏联时期翻译理论史

吴婧悦 WuJingyue, Hunan Normal University, China

Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_13

14 杨爱江 History of Chinese Translation Theories from 1919 to 1949

Hist_Trans_Theo_EN_14

Retrieved from "https://bou.de/u/index.php?title=History_of_Translation_Theories&oldid=134202"