User:Huang Yixuan2

China's Art Keepers

2024 MTI Huang Yixuan(黄译萱) 202470081632

Abstract

With the development of society, "artisans" have begun to shift towards "art keepers", and with the help of technology, they continue to pass on their skills and culture in a brand-new way.

History

The concept of art keepers in China is rooted in a long tradition of artisans. As early as 《周礼·考工记》(Zhou Li Kao Gong Ji), there was a record of the "百工（hundred workers）" system, and the government craftsman system provided all kinds of handicrafts for the society. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, folk workshops inherited their skills through strict master-apprentice system, such as "坯房佬（billet house guy）" in Jingdezhen and "绣庄（embroidery village）" in Suzhou, forming a craft school with regional characteristics.

[1]

In the process of industrialization in the 20th century, traditional handicrafts once faced a survival crisis. After China joined the Convention for the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2004, the concept of "art keeper" gradually took shape. Unlike "craftsmen" who emphasize technology, "art keeper" highlights the mission of cultural inheritance. For example, Yin Liping, the "keeper" of Chengdu lacquer art, believes that in addition to continuously improving their professional quality, lacquer art practitioners should pay more attention to the influence of the changes of the times on traditional crafts. On the one hand, they should "change at any time", and on the other hand, they should keep the core skills of Chengdu lacquer art. Only in this way can we keep our skills and start inheritance (Zhou Yiqiao, Du Jie, 2022, (07): 137-140).

[2]

Contemporary Transformation

At present, the group of art keeper is polarized. On the one hand, the inheritors are aging seriously, the average age of national non-genetic inheritors is 63 years old, and there are only three inheritors over 80 years old in Yunnan Dai slow-wheel pottery. On the other hand, young forces are being injected. 32% of Jingdezhen's "景漂(Jingpiao)" are post-90s, and the number of post-00s UP owners of bilibili's traditional craft channel has increased by 240% annually.

The application and realization of digital path is based on the Internet-like modern scientific and technological means and new media applications. The new media era is an era of mass participation, which provides infinite possibilities for the exploration of intangible cultural heritage protection models (Fan Xiaoqing, 2016, 43 (04): 166-171). Statistics show that as of May this year, there were an average of 19,000 intangible cultural heritage live broadcasts in Tik Tok every day, and an average of 13 intangible cultural heritage broadcasts were launched every minute. In the past year, 274 million users watched traditional cultural video content on Bilibili (bilibili), with a total broadcast volume of 12 billion; There are more than 440,000 UP owners in bilibili who create videos of Chinese-style music, dance, Hanfu, traditional crafts, etc. These adherents and disseminators of traditional culture active on the Internet have attracted sweet living water, washed away the dust of time, and allowed the rich spiritual wealth of ancestors to return to the public eye with a more lively look (Xuan Jing, Sun Yanyang, 2023-09-21 (005)).

Related Videoes：

1. [3] 2. [4]

Future Development

Ten ministries and commissions, including the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, issued the "Notice on Promoting the High-quality Inheritance and Development of Traditional Crafts", "Encourage qualified ordinary colleges and vocational colleges (including technical colleges) to set up majors and courses related to traditional crafts, and cultivate professional and technical talents with skills, design and theory." Art Keepers need to find a balance between tradition and modernity. Based on the development needs of today's cultural creativity and arts and crafts industry, relying on local rich handicraft intangible cultural heritage projects, intangible cultural heritage will be used and loved by modern people. As more and more craftsmen with vocational education and training enter the society, I believe intangible cultural heritage will fly into ordinary people's homes in a more youthful and fashionable way (Song Xiqun, Wang Bingya, 2022-08-11 (008)).

Art keepers are changing from skill inheritors to "cultural programmers", not only preserving traditional genes, but also writing modern application codes. For example, the establishment of the digital platform of intangible cultural heritage of "Keeping Artists" has contributed to the protection of intangible cultural heritage in China. The main functional modules of the platform include four aspects: database design, intangible cultural heritage portal, intangible cultural heritage product trading platform and back-end transaction management. The platform can better play a role in inheriting and developing intangible cultural heritage, and at the same time It has a relatively obvious role in promoting the income and social status of non-genetic people (Bruce Lee, Yang Junjie, 2022, 34 (07): 174-176 +200).

Terms and expressions

1.手艺人 Artisan

2.守艺人 Cultural Guardian/ Art Keeper

3.数字化路径的运用和实现 Application and Implementation of Digital Pathways

4.非物质文化遗产 Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH)

Questions

1. How do contemporary cultural guardians pass on traditional culture?

2. What is the difference between a art keeper and a craftsman?

Answers

1. They pass on traditional culture online, especially on social media.

2. "craftsmen" who emphasize technology; "keeping artists" highlights the mission of cultural inheritance

Reference

[5]

[1] 周怡乔,杜洁.成都漆艺的发展演变、传承和保护——基于成都漆艺“守艺人”个案展开的讨论[J].四川戏剧,2022,(07):137-140.

阅读链接：https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=i7m15r_oBqrxw0MYPuAH4dJ8to3yvS2OjGMBhPRNYVPGJBq1QwYu2aYVca_-yTZQL53Ys_wFx1rGvg7AW7cVZkGdsd1bHXIc_GYs4vC2xT9RjOChjnfj8_0MdVmn6ydwrwyBJP5xcWcI2oUtyaDW7WWsD7sBYY5TXTRu2MAAvWnwkx2r7K0mXQ==&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS

[2] 范小青.让“大教堂”携手“大集市”——论非物质文化遗产传承与保护的众包模式[J].中央民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2016,43(04):166-171.

阅读链接：https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=i7m15r_oBqprug_1FgglgQ19wXBvGk3svL8QMSPetkvgdG-NxcnNklW50St5Ljt_UzdH1ByAWb9A2FOB6DL9K49mJDIPXYWcpLLUmSJZZOnvUgoD4Me4hR7fuqK29lKwDmUKkV04FhboGAJOId446v-iO7mfENlD-h4qqUd-OPPnStOygoqoig==&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS

[3] 宣晶,孙彦扬.非遗“守艺人”靠什么赢得关注[N].文汇报,2023-09-21(005).

阅读链接：https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=i7m15r_oBqprug_1FgglgQ19wXBvGk3svL8QMSPetkvgdG-NxcnNklW50St5Ljt_UzdH1ByAWb9A2FOB6DL9K49mJDIPXYWcpLLUmSJZZOnvUgoD4Me4hR7fuqK29lKwDmUKkV04FhboGAJOId446v-iO7mfENlD-h4qqUd-OPPnStOygoqoig==&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS

[4] 宋喜群,王冰雅,封尘,等.培养手艺人何愁“守艺人”[N].光明日报,2022-08-11(008).

阅读链接：https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=i7m15r_oBqoLV2AA9TEYNKRFqMSWujoq20-EeT05nl2bhUDDbH86cVNu0z6Td1l1aMmkXQKmooUBCZXzeRZSNK5ZaGwjpeCqe3jQefVPaJC_2jehrq-1QJmV3SEpO1vBCxjNcQdbNzwktD4EwGogR2x7Nlp3F-dI32fr94RBUq6_bimTg2I404Mr0w4WqXUo&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS

[5] 李小龙,阳君杰,马雪晴.“守艺人”非物质文化遗产数字化平台建设[J].信息与电脑(理论版),2022,34(07):174-176+200.

阅读链接：https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=i7m15r_oBqqVPjtapFSt2MiYnLwEzH2umPFTyDIoZnxrQ4HG6rd_h83sqng1dLC7JZbg7_WCy3IqtSRjt8UjNjTm1o01daz6nEVuReRZP3NURSfwPh4X7LVhu3AmFV69cJCFrf2e2fHtPL947yfNb1QoByB5QNNt9R9s_4uMIuFnOumhQj65rQ==&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS

AI statement

To help me to write my final paper, I have used the following AI chatbot: DeepSeek, 文心一言 and Doubao. I have the following prompts: "Please introduce art keepers to me", "Please translate the following text", and " Please help me restructure my passage". During this process, I have also read some materials and learned more about art guardians. After their translation, I have also modified some mistakes and their wrong information about terms.

中国守艺人

摘要

随着社会的发展，“手艺人”开始转向“守艺人”，并借助科技的力量以一种崭新的方式继续传承技术和文化。

历史溯源

中国守艺人的概念根植于悠久的工匠传统。早在《周礼·考工记》中就有"百工"制度的记载，官府工匠体系为社会提供各类手工艺品。明清时期，民间作坊通过严格的师徒制传承技艺，如景德镇的"坯房佬"、苏州的"绣庄"等，形成了具有地域特色的工艺流派。[6]

20世纪工业化进程中，传统手工艺一度面临生存危机。2004年中国加入《保护非物质文化遗产公约》后，"守艺人"概念逐渐形成。与"手艺人"强调技术不同，"守艺人"更突出文化传承的使命。例如，成都漆艺“守艺人”尹利萍，她认为漆艺从业者除了要持续精进自身的专业素养外，更应该关注时代变迁对传统工艺的影响，一方面要“制随时变”，一方面又要保留成都漆艺的核心技艺不丢失。由此，才能守成技艺，并开启传承（周怡乔、杜洁，2022,(07):137-140）。

[7]

当代转型

当前守艺人群体呈现两极分化态势。一方面，传承人老龄化严重，国家级非遗传承人平均年龄达63岁，云南傣族慢轮制陶仅存3位80岁以上传承人。另一方面，年轻力量正在注入，景德镇"景漂"中32%为95后，B站传统工艺频道的00后UP主数量年增长240%。

数字化路径的运用和实现是建立在互联网类现代科技手段和新媒体应用的基础之上的。新媒体时代是大众参与的时代，它为非物质文化遗产保护模式的探索提供了无限可能（范小青，2016,43(04):166-171）。统计数据显示，截至今年5月，抖音平均每天有1.9万场非遗直播，平均每分钟就有13场非遗内容开播。而过去一年，有2.74亿用户在哔哩哔哩（B站）观看传统文化的视频内容，总播放量达到120亿；创作中国风的音乐、舞蹈、汉服、传统手艺等种类视频的B站UP主超过44万人。这些活跃在网络上的传统文化坚守者、传播者引来了清甜的活水，冲刷掉岁月的沙尘，让祖先丰沃的精神财富以更活泼的面貌重回大众视野（宣晶、孙彦扬，2023-09-21(005)）。

相关视频：

1. [8] 2. [9]

未来发展

文化和旅游部等十部委印发《关于推动传统工艺高质量传承发展的通知》，“鼓励具备条件的普通高等学校、职业院校（含技工院校）开设传统工艺相关专业和课程，培养有技能、会设计、懂理论的专业技术人才和技术技能人才。”守艺人需要在传统与现代间寻找平衡点。立足当今文化创意和工艺美术业的发展需求，依托本地丰富的手工技艺非遗项目，让非遗为现代人所用所爱，随着越来越多受过职业教育训练的手艺人走入社会，相信非遗会以更加青春、时尚的方式飞入寻常百姓家（宋喜群、王冰雅，2022-08-11(008)）。

守艺人正从技艺传承者转变为"文化程序员"，既要保存传统基因，又要编写现代应用代码。比如“守艺人”非物质文化遗产数字化平台的创立，为我国非物质文化遗产的保护工作添砖加瓦。平台的主要功能模块包括了数据库设计、非遗文化门户网站、非遗产品贸易平台和后端事务管理4个方面的内容，该平台能够较好的起到传承和发展非遗文化的作用，同时对提高非遗传人的收入和社会地位有比较明显的促进作用（李小龙、阳君杰，2022,34(07):174-176+200）。

术语与表达

1.手艺人 Artisan

2.守艺人 Cultural Guardian

3.数字化路径的运用和实现 Application and Implementation of Digital Pathways

4.非物质文化遗产 Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH)

问题

1.当代守艺人通过什么方式传承传统文化？

2.守艺人和手艺人的区别在哪里？

回答

1. 通过网络，特别是社交媒体。

2. 手艺人"强调技术不同，"守艺人"更突出文化传承的使命。

参考文献

[1] 周怡乔,杜洁.成都漆艺的发展演变、传承和保护——基于成都漆艺“守艺人”个案展开的讨论[J].四川戏剧,2022,(07):137-140.

阅读链接：https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=i7m15r_oBqrxw0MYPuAH4dJ8to3yvS2OjGMBhPRNYVPGJBq1QwYu2aYVca_-yTZQL53Ys_wFx1rGvg7AW7cVZkGdsd1bHXIc_GYs4vC2xT9RjOChjnfj8_0MdVmn6ydwrwyBJP5xcWcI2oUtyaDW7WWsD7sBYY5TXTRu2MAAvWnwkx2r7K0mXQ==&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS

[2] 范小青.让“大教堂”携手“大集市”——论非物质文化遗产传承与保护的众包模式[J].中央民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2016,43(04):166-171.

阅读链接：https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=i7m15r_oBqprug_1FgglgQ19wXBvGk3svL8QMSPetkvgdG-NxcnNklW50St5Ljt_UzdH1ByAWb9A2FOB6DL9K49mJDIPXYWcpLLUmSJZZOnvUgoD4Me4hR7fuqK29lKwDmUKkV04FhboGAJOId446v-iO7mfENlD-h4qqUd-OPPnStOygoqoig==&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS

[3] 宣晶,孙彦扬.非遗“守艺人”靠什么赢得关注[N].文汇报,2023-09-21(005).

阅读链接：https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=i7m15r_oBqprug_1FgglgQ19wXBvGk3svL8QMSPetkvgdG-NxcnNklW50St5Ljt_UzdH1ByAWb9A2FOB6DL9K49mJDIPXYWcpLLUmSJZZOnvUgoD4Me4hR7fuqK29lKwDmUKkV04FhboGAJOId446v-iO7mfENlD-h4qqUd-OPPnStOygoqoig==&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS

[4] 宋喜群,王冰雅,封尘,等.培养手艺人何愁“守艺人”[N].光明日报,2022-08-11(008).

阅读链接：https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=i7m15r_oBqoLV2AA9TEYNKRFqMSWujoq20-EeT05nl2bhUDDbH86cVNu0z6Td1l1aMmkXQKmooUBCZXzeRZSNK5ZaGwjpeCqe3jQefVPaJC_2jehrq-1QJmV3SEpO1vBCxjNcQdbNzwktD4EwGogR2x7Nlp3F-dI32fr94RBUq6_bimTg2I404Mr0w4WqXUo&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS

[5] 李小龙,阳君杰,马雪晴.“守艺人”非物质文化遗产数字化平台建设[J].信息与电脑(理论版),2022,34(07):174-176+200.

阅读链接：https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=i7m15r_oBqqVPjtapFSt2MiYnLwEzH2umPFTyDIoZnxrQ4HG6rd_h83sqng1dLC7JZbg7_WCy3IqtSRjt8UjNjTm1o01daz6nEVuReRZP3NURSfwPh4X7LVhu3AmFV69cJCFrf2e2fHtPL947yfNb1QoByB5QNNt9R9s_4uMIuFnOumhQj65rQ==&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS

人工智能声明

为了帮助我写期末论文，我使用了以下几个AI聊天机器人：DeepSeek，中文中文和豆包。我有以下提示：“请给我介绍一下守艺人”，“请翻译下面的文本”，“请帮我重组我的文章”。在这个过程中，我也阅读了一些资料，对守艺人有了更多的了解。经过他们的翻译，我也修改了一些错误和他们关于术语的错误信息。