20201026 cult

Guo Lu 郭露

1.《清明上河图》是北宋画家张择端的一幅传世画作。《清明上河图》描绘了北宋都城汴京，现在的开封地区，社会各阶层人民的生活状况和城市风貌。画中展现了各种商业景象，如卖酒、谷物、厨具、弓箭、灯笼、乐器、金银、装饰品，还有酒店等。

Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is a painting attributed to Song Dynasty artist Zhang Zeduan. It captures the daily life of people and the landscape of the capital, Bianjing, today’s Kaifeng, from the Northern Song Dynasty. In the scroll, there are businesses of all kinds, selling wine, grain, cookware, bows and arrows, lanterns, musical instruments, gold and silver, ornaments, as well as many restaurants.

2. 篆刻艺术在清代发展到繁盛的地步，取得了很高的艺术成就，流派纷呈、名家辈出。

In Qing dynasty, the seal-cutting art developed prosperously into a high degree and made fairly lofty accomplishments of art, such as diverse genres and many eminent scholars.

He Changqi 何长琦

1.用黑色的墨水在白色的纸、绢上作画，这是中国画家所钟情的黑白世界。黑白世界对中国人来说，是无色的世界，不是它完全没有颜色，而是说它没有绚烂的颜色。

Chinese artists have a special,fervent love for the black-and-white world featured simply with black ink pn white paper or silk. A white-and-black world,to Chinese people, is a colorless world without bright, gorgerous colors.--He Changqi (talk) 14:27, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

2.《孤鸟图轴》是八大山人一副感人的作品，画面左侧伸出一枝枯枝，枯枝略虬曲，在枯树的尽头，画一只袖珍小鸟，一只细细的小爪，立于枯树的最末梢之处。

A Lonely Bird, a scroll painting by Badashanren,is an inspiring work. From the lower left side of the picture is a withered,slightly ganarled branch stretching upward and rightward, on the end of which is perched a pocketsize bird, its thin claws tightly clutching the branch.--He Changqi (talk) 14:27, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

3.近代以来，涌现了篆刻大师吴昌硕、齐白石，形成了一部完整的中国篆刻史。篆刻是将书法、篆刻手法和印章布局三者完美结合。在一枚印章中，不仅可以欣赏到英姿飒爽的书法，也有优美悦目的绘画。

In Modern times, seal cutting masters Wu Changshuo and Qi Baishi emerged, thus forming a complete history of Chinese Seal cutting. Seal cutting is the perfect combination of calligraphy, the way of cutting and the layout of the seal. In one seal, there is not only heroic and elegant calligraphy, but also beautiful and pleasing paintings.--He Changqi (talk) 14:27, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

Li Liqin 李丽琴

1. 中国画在内容和艺术创作上，体现了古人对自然、社会及与之相关联的政治、哲学、宗教、道德、文艺等方面的认知。中国画是中华文明集大成的体现，反映出做人的艺术。是人与自然、人与社会的一面镜子。但随着社会、经济、文化的高速发展，中国画在新的时代具有了其独特的文化内涵及艺术形式。

In terms of content and artistic creation, traditional Chinese painting is a mirror of the ancients’ understanding of nature, society, politics, philosophy, religion, morality, literature and art. It is an agglomeration of Chinese civilizations and an art of being a man, reflecting the relationship between humanity and nature, and between humanity and society. However, as the society, economy and culture grow rapidly in the new era, traditional Chinese painting is endowed with unique cultural connotation and artistic forms. --Li Liqin (talk) 14:50, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

2. 篆刻迄今已有三千七百多年的历史。篆刻是书法（主要是篆书）和镌刻（包括凿、铸）结合，来制作印章的艺术，是汉字特有的艺术形式。除了可以调节心理、启发智慧之外，篆刻还可以培养审美情操。

Seal-cutting has a history of over 3700 years. It is not only the art of combining calligraphy (mainly seal-cutting) and engraving (including chisel and casting) to make seals, but also a unique form of Chinese characters. In addition to regulating psychology and enlightening wisdom, it can also cultivate aesthetic sentiment. --Li Liqin (talk) 14:50, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

3. 齐白石从小生活在水塘边，常钓虾玩；青年时开始画虾；40岁后临摹过徐渭、李复堂等明清画家画的虾；63岁时齐白石画虾已很相似，但还不够“活”，便在碗里养了几只长臂虾，置于画案，每日观察，画虾之法也因此而变，虾成为齐白石代表性的艺术符号之一。

Qi Baishi grew up living near ponds, often played shrimp fishing and began to paint shrimp in his youth. After age 40, he copied shrimp painted by Xu Wei, Li Futang and other painters in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. When he was 63 years old, he already knew how to draw shrimp well, but not so lifelike. Therefore, he raised a few winged shrimp in a bowl and put them on a painting table for daily observation. In consequence, he changed his way of drawing shrimp and the shrimp became one of his representative works. --Li Liqin (talk) 14:50, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

Luo Weijia 罗维嘉

1.在东西方艺术史上，宗教艺术占据了绘画史的一部分。 A portion of the history of painting in both Eastern and Western art is dominated by religious art.

2.篆刻艺术是书法（主要是篆书）和雕刻（包括凿和铸）的结合。篆刻是一门艺术，是汉字独特的艺术形式。到目前为止，已经有3700多年的历史。 Seal cutting art is the combination of calligraphy (mainly Seal Character) and engraving (including chisel and cast). It is an art to make seal and it is a unique art form of Chinese characters. So far, it has a history of more than 3700 years.

3.齐白石是一位非常有影响力的中国画家，他将中国古典绘画的工笔画风格现代化。 Qi Baishi was an influential Chinese painter who is credited for modernizing the gongbi style of classical Chinese painting.

Xu Jing 许静

1. 这样看来，中国画不是一门纯粹的绘画艺术，因为它不以描绘物象本身为第一目的，更多的是通过描述物象的笔墨表达一种社会理念，表现的是人类的聪明、智慧、道德和伦理，以及对世界的认知和把握。

In this way, Chinese painting is not a pure art of painting, because it does not take the depiction of objects itself as the first purpose, but rather expresses a social concept through the brushstrokes describing objects. It represents human intelligence, wisdom, morality and ethics, as well as the understanding of the world.--Xu Jing (talk) 14:32, 27 October 2020 (UTC)

From this perspective, Chinese painting is not totally a art of drawing.Instead of presenting absent object,it pay more attention to show some sort of social concept.It represents human intelligence, wisdom, morality and ethics, as well as the understanding of the world.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 14:28, 27 October 2020 (UTC)

2. 篆刻印刀是主要的工具。它的粗细、长短、轻重和刀角的大小、锐钝、平斜，都将直接影响到刻印的效果。选用印刀如同写字时选用毛笔一样，都会影响书写的表现力。

The seal-cutting chisel is the main tool. Its thickness, length, weight, and the size, sharpness and obliquity of the end will directly affect the engraving. The choice of the knife, just like the choice of the brush to write with, will affect the expression of the writing.--Xu Jing (talk) 14:32, 27 October 2020 (UTC)

3. 八大花鸟画最突出特点是“少”，用他的话说是“廉”。少，一是描绘的对象少；二是塑造对象时用笔少。

In the Bird-and-flower painting of Bada Shanren(Zhu Da, A painter in the late Ming and early Qing dynasty who was good at free brushwork in traditional Chinese painting), the most outstanding characteristic is "less", or in his words, "lian", which in Chinese also means 'thrifty'. Less, one is to depict the object less; another is to shape the object with less brush.--Xu Jing (talk) 14:32, 27 October 2020 (UTC)

Yang Yue 杨悦

1、中国画即用颜料在宣纸、宣绢上的绘画，是中华民族艺术的主要形式。从美术史的角度讲，民国前的都统称为古画。

Chinese Painting refers to paintings painted on Xuan paper or silk by ink and color, and it is the main form of Chinese art. From the perspective of art history, paintings dated before the Republic of China are collectively referred as ancient paintings.--Yang Yue (talk) 02:22, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

2、中国篆刻是一门结合了书法（主要是篆书）和篆刻（包括凿、铸），用来制作印章的艺术，至今已有3000多年的历史。

Chinese seal cutting is a seal-making art combining Chinese calligraphy( mainly the seal character) and engraving( including iron and casting) with a history over 3,000 years.--Yang Yue (talk) 02:22, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

Seal-cutting is a seal-making art of combining calligraphy (mainly the seal character) and engraving (including chisel and casting) to make seals. Besides, it has a history of over 3000 years. --Li Liqin (talk) 15:11, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

3、八大山人是我国明末清初的杰出画家，生于明天启六年，卒于清康熙四十四年，享年八十岁。他姓朱名耷，明亡后，他抱着对清王朝不屈的态度出家为僧。

Ba Da Shan Ren is an distinguished painter of China in late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, and he was born at Ming Dynasty TianQi six years, died in the Qing Dynasty Kangxi forty-four years. His name is Zhu Da, and he held his unyielding attitude to Qing Dynasty and became resume secular life after the fall of the Ming.--Yang Yue (talk) 02:22, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

Bada Shanren is a distinguished painter in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. He was born in the sixth year in Tianqi period, Ming Dynasty, and died in the 44 th year of the Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty at age 80. His real name is Zhu Da. After the fall of the Ming Dynasty, he became a monk with an unyielding attitude towards the Qing Dynasty. --Li Liqin (talk) 15:11, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

Yang Ziling 杨子泠

水墨画是由水和墨经过调配水和墨的浓度所画出的画，是绘画的一种形式，更多时候，水墨画被视为中国传统绘画，也就是国画的代表。

Chinese Brush Painting is a painting drawn by mixing water and ink with the concentration of water and ink. It is a form of painting. More often, ink painting is regarded as a representative of traditional Chinese paintings. --Yang Ziling (talk) 11:37, 27 October 2020 (UTC)

Ink painting is a form of painting that is drawn by mixing water and ink, and is more often than not seen as a representative of traditional Chinese painting.--Xu Jing (talk) 14:31, 27 October 2020 (UTC)

直到明清两代，印人辈出，篆刻便成为以篆书为基础，利用雕刻方法，在即面中表现疏密、离合的艺术型态，篆刻遂由广义的雕镂铭刻，转为狭义的治印之举。

It was not until the Ming and Qing Dynasties that there were a large number of printing people, and seal cutting became based on the seal script, using the carving method to express the artistic style of density and separation in the immediate face. The seal carving changed from the broad sense of carving and inscription to the narrow sense of seal printing. --Yang Ziling (talk) 11:37, 27 October 2020 (UTC)

八大山人长于水墨写意，为其划时代的人物。在水墨写意画中，又有专擅山水和专擅花鸟之别，八大山人则两者兼而善之。

Bada Shanren is good at freehand brushwork and is an epoch-making figure. In the freehand brushwork, there is a difference between being good at landscape and being good at flowers and birds, while Bada Shanren is good at both. --Yang Ziling (talk) 11:37, 27 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Peiwen 张佩闻

篆刻艺术，是书法和雕刻的结合，是汉族特有的艺术形式。篆刻兴起于先秦，盛于汉，衰于隋朝至今有三千七百多年的历史。 The art of seal carving, unique to Han nationality, is the combination of calligraphy and engraving.Seal cutting originated in the pre-Qin Dynasty, flourished in the Han Dynasty and declined in the Sui Dynasty with a history of more than 3,700 years.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 14:19, 27 October 2020 (UTC)

中国的绘画工艺十分古老，可以上溯到原始社会的新石器时代. The Chinese painting technique has a long history which can be traced back to the neolithic age of primitive society.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 14:19, 27 October 2020 (UTC)

Chinese painting has a long history tracing back to the Neolithic age of primitive society. --Li Liqin (talk) 15:19, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

八大山人的笔触看似淋漓畅快，其实是非常理性，非常精心。

The style of drawing of The Eight Mountaineers seems to be flowing freely, but in fact they are very rational and elaborate.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 14:19, 27 October 2020 (UTC)

The strokes of Bada Shanren seem to be flowing freely, but in fact they are very rational and elaborate.--Zhao Xi (talk) 15:13, 27 October 2020 (UTC)

齐白石：工笔与写意的“跨界混搭”。 Qi Baishi: Cross boundary mixing of fine brushwork and Freehand brushwork.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 14:19, 27 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Yu 张瑜

1.水墨画早期都是以山水画的形式来表现的，彩色的水墨画在近代有泼墨山水的应用，也有水墨动画的应用。

Earlier ink-wash paintings were presented in the form of Chinese landscape paintings, while modern colorful ink-wash paintings had the application of splashed-ink landscape and ink animation.--Zhang Yu (talk) 01:31, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

In the early times, ink paintings were all expressed in the form of landscape paintings. In modern times, color ink paintings have the application of splashed ink landscapes and ink animation.--Yang Yue (talk) 02:21, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

2.我国的篆刻艺术不仅有悠久的历史，而且对其他艺术门类产生了极大的影响，它是从实用印章、政治、经济、文化、书法等方面汲取优秀内涵而转化成文人印章的一门高深艺术。

Chinese art of seal-cutting, with a long history, has had great impacts on other artistic categories. It's an advanced art that absorded excellent connotations from different aspects including practical seals, politics, economy, culture, calligraphy and then transformed them into literati seals.--Zhang Yu (talk) 01:31, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

3.齐白石强调“作画妙在似与不似之间，太似为媚俗，不似为欺世。”，在篆刻方面自称“三百石印富翁”。

Qi Baishi emphasized that "paintings must be something between likeness and unlikeness, much like today's vulgarians, but not like to cheat popular people". In the field of seal-cutting, he called himself "the rich man of three hundred stone seals".--Zhang Yu (talk) 01:31, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhao Xi 赵茜

1.中国画现实主义艺术作品的创作基础是生活,创作者从山水、花鸟、人物中汲取典型形象,用水墨语言真实地描绘大好河山、人间百态。中国画的现实主义理论能够集中体现出作品的绘画技法、艺术特征、创作原则。

Realistic Chinese painting art works is created on the basis of life. Creators draw the typical images from mountains, rivers, flowers, birds and figures and depict grand rivers and mountains and aspects of the whole world by using ink. Realistic theories of Chinese painting epitomize painting techniques, artistic features and creating rules of works. --Zhao Xi (talk) 13:44, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

2.篆刻是以石材为主要材料,以刻刀为工具,以汉字为表象的一门独特的镌刻艺术。它由中国古代的印章制作技艺发展而来,至今已有3000多年的历史。它既强调中国书法的笔法、结构,又突出镌刻中自由、酣畅的艺术表达，深受中国文人及普通民众的喜爱。

Seal cutting is a unique engraving art, taking stone as its main material, graver as instrument, Chinese characters as appearance. It is developed from the stamp-making technique in ancient China with a long history of more than 3,000 years up to now. It not only emphasizes strokes and structures of Chinese writing, but also highlights free and soundly art expressions, which is much loved by Chinese scholars and ordinary people. --Zhao Xi (talk) 13:44, 28 October 2020 (UTC)

3.八大山人在五十五岁前后开始寄情于山水画创作,因其有极高的绘画天赋和多年花鸟画笔墨的积累,使得他山水画也有着极高的造诣和独特的个性语言。

Bad Shanren started to express feelings through creating landscape paintings. With boasting high painting talents and years’ accumulation of flower and bird painting experience, he had high attainments and unique and characteristic language in landscape painting as well. --Zhao Xi (talk) 13:44, 28 October 2020 (UTC)