Difference between revisions of "Comp Stud Trans EN 5"

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2.1 Abstract: The philosophical study of translation plays an indispensable role in promoting the construction and development of translation studies with a dialectical thinking. Both Chinese and Western translators have explored the translation philosophy in diverse perspectives throughout history. On philosophical issues, paradigms of translation study and essence of “Translation” are fundamental, while the translator (translator-subjectivity) is one of the direct actors. Thus they act on as the cornerstones of the basic issues of translation——Ontology and Translator’ s Subjectivity. On the macroscale, the formation and development of translation theory in China are related to the historical and socio-cultural contexts as well as the perception of language and ideology; In contrast, the formation in the West has been developing together with translation activities, from the advocation of “empirical”, hermeneutics, structuralism, ect., to nowadays pluralistic theories. The discussion of the essence of "Translation" has also been presented in multiplex manners by theorists in China and the West. Their discussions have continuously reinforced the framework of translation theories, which are the important fundations for examining the relationship between the subject and object of translation; On the other hand, translators, as actors of translation theories and practices, directly influence the processes and results of translation. Generally speaking, the translator-subjectivity in Chinese translation history has been in a relatively central position, as present theories also emphasizes the relationship between translator-subjectivity, author-subjectivity and reader-subjectivity. While that of the West has gone through a process from the position of "invisibility" , "presence" then to "harmony". The comparative studies on Chinese and Western philosophies of translation are not only of fundamentality to the development of the theoretical and applied practice of the disciplines, but also of great significance to the study of Chinese and Western cultural backgrounds and thinking patterns.
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5.1 Abstract: As a continuation of the dispute between literal translation and free translation, the conflict between domestication and foreignization has risen from the linguistic level to the level of literature, culture and thought. It further analyzes the cultural differences between the two languages in the translation process. Among various elements in languages, proverbs have been circulated in the Chinese and Western folk for a long time due to their pronounced national color and distinctive cultural connotations. In proverb translation, whether to preserve the exotic nature of proverbs or to favor the target language readers, disparate understandings reflect the complex historical origins of strong culture, weak culture, post-colonial culture, etc. Therefore, this paper reviews the historical materials of the domestication and foreignization debates between China and the West firstly. It then goes further to compare the differences about proverb translation in terms of ecological culture, language culture, religious culture, material culture and social culture based on Nida's classification of culture . By doing so, we try to summarize some different national consciousness behind it and get better understanding about the parallels and distinctions among them.
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2.2 Keywords: Translation philosophy; Comparative Studies; Ontology；Translator‘ s Subjectivity
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5.2 Key Words: domestication; foreignization; proverb translation; cultural classification
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2.3 中文摘要：翻译哲学研究以辩证的思维方式对翻译研究的建设和发展起着不可或缺的推动作用。历史上，中西方的翻译家都从不同的角度对翻译哲学进行了探索。在哲学问题上，翻译研究的范式和 "翻译 "的本质是翻译哲学的根本问题，而译者（译者主体性）则是翻译哲学的直接施行者。因此，翻译的本体论和译者的主体性组成了翻译基本问题的基石。从宏观上看，中国翻译理论的形成和发展，与历史和社会文化背景以及对语言和意识形态的认识有关；而纵观西方，从实用主义、解释学、结构主义等等翻译理论的倡导，到如今的多元理论，其翻译理论的形成则是与翻译活动一起发展的。中西方理论家对 "翻译 "本质的讨论也以多元的方式呈现，他们的讨论不断强化着翻译理论的框架，成为研究翻译主体和客体关系的重要依据；另外，翻译主体作为翻译理论和实践的施行者，直接影响着翻译的过程和结果。总的来说，译者主体性在中国翻译史上处于相对的核心地位，目前的理论也强调译者主体性、作者主体性和读者主体性之间的关系。而西方则经历了一个从 "隐形 "到 "在场 "再到 "和谐 "的过程。中西方翻译哲学的比较研究，不仅对学科理论和应用实践的发展具有基础性意义，而且对研究中西方文化背景和思维模式具有重要意义。
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5.3 中文摘要: 作为直译和意译之争的延续，归化和异化之争由语言层面，上升到文学、文化、思想的高度，进一步剖析了翻译过程中两种语言背后的文化差异。谚语长期流传于中西方民间，带有浓厚的民族色彩和鲜明的文化内涵。在谚语翻译中，对于保留其本身异域性或是倾向于译入语读者问题的认识，体现着强势文化、弱势文化、后殖民主义文化等复杂的历史渊源。由此，本文基于中西方归化与异化论战史料，结合Nida的文化五类分理论，从生态文化、语言文化、宗教文化、物质文化和社会文化来比较中西方谚语翻译的差异，在源语文化和译语文化的不同处理上，揭示其背后所蕴含的不同民族意识。从而在比较中体味文化的差异。
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2.4 关键词：翻译哲学；对比研究；本体论；译者主体
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5.4 关键词: 归化；异化；谚语翻译；文化分类
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2.5 Introduction: As the statement of British translation theorist Newmark, it should be noticed that the philosophy is the fundamental problem of translation (Newmark) . The relationship of translation theory and philosophy not only closely related, but also intertwined and interpenetrated, which underlys the correlation that translation philosophy is the manner of guiding the development of translation thoery. According to Pan Wenguo and Tan Huimin’ s Comparative Linguistics, we can say that the discipline of translation can be divided into four levels: Translation Philosophy - Translation Theory - Translation Application Theory - Translation Application Practice (190) . These four levels mutually supported to each other, which constitute an organism of translation discipline. Among them, the Translation Philosophy is at the highest level, which is “the driving force for the development of the discipline's theory and the key to keeping it alive”(191) . Therefore, the philosophical study of translation plays an indispensable role in the construction of the discipline. In an era of accelerated globalization, where a hundred theories and disciplines are competing and different cultures are in fierce collisions, translation and its philosophical problems, which served as the important bridge between China and the West, should be given adequate attention. Both Chinese and Western translators have explored the translation philosophy in diverse perspectives throughout history. On philosophical issues, paradigms of translation study and essence of “Translation” are fundamental, while the translator (translator- subjectivity) is one of the direct actors. Thus they act on as the cornerstones of the basic issues of translation- Ontology and Translator’ s Subjectivity. On the macroscale, the formation and development of translation theory in China are related to the historical and socio-cultural contexts as well as the perception of language and ideology; In contrast, the formation in the West has been developing together with translation activities, from the advocation of “empirical”, hermeneutics, structuralism, ect., to nowadays pluralistic theories. The discussion of the essence of “Translation” has also been presented in multiplex manners by theorists in China and the West. Their discussions have continuously reinforced the framework of translation theories, which are the important fundations for examining the relationship between the subject and object of translation; On the other hand, translators, as actors of translation theories and practices, directly influence the processes and results of translation. Generally speaking, the translator-subjectivity in Chinese translation history has been in a relatively central position, as present theories also emphasizes the relationship between translator-subjectivity, author-subjectivity and reader-subjectivity. While that of the West has gone through a process from the position of “invisibility” , “presence” then to “harmony”. The comparative studies on Chinese and Western philosophies of translation are not only of fundamentality to the development of the theoretical and applied practice of the disciplines, but also of great significance to the study of Chinese and Western cultural backgrounds and thinking patterns.
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  [[5.5 Introduction=]]
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2.6 Translation Ontology
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  5.6 Theory Foundation
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   2.6.1 Comparison on Paradigms of Translation Study in China and the West
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          5.6.1 Assimilation vs. Alienation and Domestication vs. Foreignization
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  2.6.2 Comparison on Essence and Definition of "Translation" in China and the West
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          5.6.2 The Three Arguments in Chinese and Western Translation
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2.7 Translator-Subjectivity
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          5.6.3 The Translation of Idiom
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    2.7.1 Translator-Subjectivity in China
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   5.7 Comparative Study from Five Cultural Aspects Based on Nida's Theory
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    2.7.2 Translator-Subjectivity in the West
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          5.7.1 Idiom Translation about Ecology Culture
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2.8 Mutual Learning of Translation Philosophy in China and the West
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          5.7.2 Idiom Translation about Linguistic Culture
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  2.8.1 Mutual Learning: Present and Outlook
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          5.7.3 Idiom Translation about religious Culture
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  2.8.2 Introspection and Suggestion
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          5.7.4 Idiom Translation about Material Culture
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2.9 Reference
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          5.7.5 Idiom Translation about Social Culture
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  5.8 Conclusion
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          5.8.1 Implements
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          5.8.2 Limitation and Suggestions for Future Study
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  5.9 Reference

Revision as of 05:54, 17 November 2021

5.1 Abstract: As a continuation of the dispute between literal translation and free translation, the conflict between domestication and foreignization has risen from the linguistic level to the level of literature, culture and thought. It further analyzes the cultural differences between the two languages in the translation process. Among various elements in languages, proverbs have been circulated in the Chinese and Western folk for a long time due to their pronounced national color and distinctive cultural connotations. In proverb translation, whether to preserve the exotic nature of proverbs or to favor the target language readers, disparate understandings reflect the complex historical origins of strong culture, weak culture, post-colonial culture, etc. Therefore, this paper reviews the historical materials of the domestication and foreignization debates between China and the West firstly. It then goes further to compare the differences about proverb translation in terms of ecological culture, language culture, religious culture, material culture and social culture based on Nida's classification of culture . By doing so, we try to summarize some different national consciousness behind it and get better understanding about the parallels and distinctions among them. 5.2 Key Words: domestication; foreignization; proverb translation; cultural classification 5.3 中文摘要: 作为直译和意译之争的延续，归化和异化之争由语言层面，上升到文学、文化、思想的高度，进一步剖析了翻译过程中两种语言背后的文化差异。谚语长期流传于中西方民间，带有浓厚的民族色彩和鲜明的文化内涵。在谚语翻译中，对于保留其本身异域性或是倾向于译入语读者问题的认识，体现着强势文化、弱势文化、后殖民主义文化等复杂的历史渊源。由此，本文基于中西方归化与异化论战史料，结合Nida的文化五类分理论，从生态文化、语言文化、宗教文化、物质文化和社会文化来比较中西方谚语翻译的差异，在源语文化和译语文化的不同处理上，揭示其背后所蕴含的不同民族意识。从而在比较中体味文化的差异。 

5.4 关键词: 归化；异化；谚语翻译；文化分类
  5.5 Introduction=
  5.6 Theory Foundation
         5.6.1 Assimilation vs. Alienation and Domestication vs. Foreignization
         5.6.2 The Three Arguments in Chinese and Western Translation
         5.6.3 The Translation of Idiom
  5.7 Comparative Study from Five Cultural Aspects Based on Nida's Theory
         5.7.1 Idiom Translation about Ecology Culture
         5.7.2 Idiom Translation about Linguistic Culture
         5.7.3 Idiom Translation about religious Culture
         5.7.4 Idiom Translation about Material Culture
         5.7.5 Idiom Translation about Social Culture
  5.8 Conclusion
         5.8.1 Implements
         5.8.2 Limitation and Suggestions for Future Study
  5.9 Reference
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