Difference between revisions of "20221231 LangCult 3"
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Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References. | Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References. | ||
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=202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)= | =202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)= | ||
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202270081637 李鸿 Li Hong 英语笔译(English translation)
The Transformation of Taoism in Modern Times
Abstract
After the founding of New China, through the democratic reform of the religious system, Taoism gained a new lease of life and gradually embarked on the path of adapting to socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the the Communist Party of China and government's religious policies, Taoism has taken on a new and unprecedented appearance, making positive contributions to the promotion of economic development, social harmony, reunification of the motherland and world peace.
202270081638 李佳珺 Li Jiajun 英语笔译(English translation)
Chinese Nuptial Tradition of Bride Price
Abstract
The bride price is usually paid by the man to the woman in modern China, which preserves the old marriage custom. The bride price originated in the Zhou Dynasty and has continued to be an integral part of nuptial culture for most Chinese people. This article describes the changes in the content of Chinese bride price in different times and the differences between different regions.
202270081690 李可依 Li Keyi 英语口译(English interpretation)
202270081709 李玮瑶 Li Weiyao 朝鲜语笔译(Korean translation)
Chinese martial arts novels–Taking Mr. Gu Long's works as example
Abstract
Gu Long is one of the grandmasters of Hong Kong and Taiwan new-style martial arts novels, as well as a prolific writer. He has created more than 70 martial arts novels in his life, with a total of more than 10 million words, which makes people amazed by his powerful creative power. He was influenced by the techniques of foreign detective and mystery novels, combined with the "classical" basis of traditional Wuxia novels, created the characteristic Wuxia mystery novels, and established his own unique style in narrative, language, plot construction and other aspects, which opened a new situation for the modern transformation of martial arts novels.
202270081639 李心田Li Xintian 英语笔译(English translation)
Chinese Traditional Vernacular Dwellings
Abstract
202270081691 李彦 Li Yan 英语口译(English interpretation)
202270081640 李梓玉 Li Ziyu 英语笔译(English translation)
Introduction to the Lanting Xu
= = Abstract = =
This chapter is on ....
= = Key Words = =
Egg, Hen
= = 题目 = =
= = 摘要 = =
= = 关键词 = =
= = Introduction = =
Here starts the normal text of the chapter. Please remember to indicate the source of EACH PARAGRAPH, sometimes even of single sentences. You can indicate it like this. (Woesler 2020, 345) And don't forget to mention the full bibliographical entry beneath under References.
202270081692 梁昕璐 Liang Xinlu 英语口译(English interpretation)
202270081641 廖璐佳 Liao Lujia 英语笔译(English translation)
Chinese Rural Education
With the reform and economic development of China’s rural areas, rural education has undergone tremendous changes. However, in the process of economic transformation, China’s rural education development is facing serious challenges. Children in poor areas have difficulties in attending school, the dropout rate of rural primary and secondary schools is high, the gap between urban and rural education is yawning and investment in rural education is insufficient, which plague the sound development of Chinese rural education.
202270081642 刘丛领 Liu Congling 英语笔译(English translation)
Chinese Superstition in Numerals
Abstract
Chinese people have been superstitious about numerals since ancient times. Some numbers are believed by some to be auspicious or inauspicious based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. Even now Chinese people living in socialist China which means that most of them are nominally atheists still take a rateher traditional outlook on numbers and will try their best to choose the best number for the purpose of good luck.
Key Words
Chinese Superstition, Numerals
introduction
Zero
The number 0 (零, pinyin: líng) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number, because it sounds like 良 (pinyin: liáng), which means 'good'.
One
The number 1 (一, pinyin: yī) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious. It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place. But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single. For example: November 11 is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.
Two
The number 2 (二, pinyin: èr ) is most often considered a good number in Chinese culture. There is a Chinese saying: "good things come in pairs". It is common to repeat characters in product brand names, such as the character 喜 (pinyin: xǐ), can be repeated to form the character 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ).
Three
The number 3 (三, pinyin: sān) sounds like 生 (pinyin: shēng), which means "to live" or "life" so it's considered a good number. It's significant since it is one of three important stages in a person's life (birth, marriage, and death). On the other hand, number 3 (三,pinyin: sān) sounds like 散 (pinyin: sàn) which means "to split" or "to separate" or "to part ways" or "to break up with" so it is a bad number too.
Four
The number 4 (四, pinyin: sì; ) is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is nearly homophonous to the word "death" (死 pinyin: sǐ). Thus, some buildings in East Asia omit floors and room numbers containing 4, similar to the Western practice of some buildings not having a 13th floor because 13 is considered unlucky. Where East Asian and Western cultures blend, such as in Hong Kong, it is possible in some buildings that the thirteenth floor along with all the floors with 4s to be omitted. Thus a building whose top floor is numbered 100 would in fact have just eighty one floors.
Five
The number 5 (五, pinyin: wǔ) sounds like "me" in Mandarin (吾, pinyin: wú) 53 (pinyin: wǔ sān) sounds like "my life" in Mandarin (吾生, wú shēng) 54 (pinyin: wǔ sì) sounds like "my death" in Mandarin (吾死, wú sǐ) 58 (pinyin: wǔ bā) sounds like "me prosper" in Mandarin (吾发, pinyin: wǔ fā) Five is also associated with the five elements (Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) in Chinese philosophy, and in turn was historically associated with the Emperor of China. For example, the Tiananmen gate, being the main thoroughfare to the Forbidden City, has five arches.
Six
The number 6 (六, pinyin: liù) in Mandarin sounds like "slick" or "smooth" (溜, pinyin: liū), which means that things will be done successfully. Therefore 6 is considered a good number for business.
Seven
The number 7 (七, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin sounds like "even" in Mandarin (齐, pinyin: qí), so it is a good number for relationships. It also sounds like "arise" (起, pinyin: qǐ) and "life essence" (气, pinyin: qì) in Mandarin. Seven can also be considered an unlucky number since the 7th month (July) is a "ghost month". It also sounds like "to deceive" (欺, pinyin: qī) in Mandarin.
Eight
The number 8 (八, pinyin: bā) sounds like "發" (pinyin: fā； 'to prosper'). There is also a visual resemblance between 88 and 囍 (pinyin: shuāng xǐ； 'double joy'), a popular decorative design composed of two stylized characters 喜 (pinyin: xǐ； 'joy'). The number 8 is viewed as such an auspicious number that even being assigned a number with several eights is considered very lucky. Atheist Chinese government even chose to hold the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games at 8 pm, 08/08/2008 for a good sign.
Nine
The number 9 (九, pinyin: jiǔ) was historically associated with the Emperor of China, and the number was frequently used in matters relating to the Emperor, before the establishment of the imperial examinations officials were organized in the nine-rank system, the nine bestowments were rewards the Emperor made for officials of extraordinary capacity and loyalty, while the nine familial exterminations was one of the harshest punishments the Emperor sentenced; the Emperor's robes often had nine dragons, and Chinese mythology held that the dragon has nine children. Also, the number 9 sounds like "long lasting" (久, pinyin: jiǔ), so it is often used in weddings.
Ancient Chinese regarded odd numbers as being masculine and even numbers as being feminine. "Nine", which is the largest single digit number, was taken to mean the "ultimate masculine" and was, therefore, symbol of the supreme sovereignty of the emperor. For this reason, the number "nine" (or its multiples) is often employed in palace structures and designs. A noticeable example is the number of studs on palace gates. The studs are usually arranged in nine rows of nine each, totaling eighty-one.
The number “nine” can also be seen in ancient Chinese architectures. Ancient palaces generally consist of nine courtyards or quadrangles which are the same as the Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province—a magnificent architectural complex worthy of an imperial household and testifying to the importance attached to the great sage by the courts of various dynasties.
The number "nine" was sometimes combined with "five" to represent imperial majesty. The great hall on Tiananmen is 9 bays wide by 5 bays deep. An extreme example of the "game of nine" is perhaps the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiu Tan) in the Temple of Heaven. Site for the Ming and Qing emperors to worship Heaven, the altar is arranged in three tiers. The upper terrace is made up of nine concentric rings of slabs. The first ring or the innermost circle consists of nine fan-shaped slabs, the second ring 18 (2 × 9) slabs, the third 27 (3 × 9) … until the last or ninth ring which is made up of 81 or 9 × 9 slabs.
Combinations
514 (pinyin: wǔ yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like "我要死" (pinyin: wǒ yào sǐ; 'I want to die').
168 (pinyin: yī liù bā) sounds like "一路发" (pinyin: yī lù fā) meaning "fortune all the way".
7456 (pinyin: qī sì wǔ liù) in Mandarin sounds like "气死我了" (pinyin: qì sǐ wǒ le) meaning "to make me angry" or "to piss me off".
9413 (pinyin: jiǔ sì yī sān) sounds like "九死一生" (pinyin: jiǔ sǐ yī shēng; 'nine die one live') meaning 90% chance of being dead and only 10% chance of being alive, or survived such situations (a narrow escape).
1314 (pinyin: yī sān yī sì) sounds like "一生一世" (pinyin: yīshēngyīshì; 'one life one lifetime') meaning "forever" and is often used romantically.
520 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng) in Mandarin sounds similar to "我爱你" (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ; lit. 'I love you').
5201314 (pinyin: wǔ èr líng yī sān yī sì) in Mandarin sounds like "我爱你一生一世" (pinyin: wǒ ài nǐ yīshēngyīshì; 'I love you a lifetime').
748 (pinyin: qī sì bā) in Mandarin sounds like "去死吧" (pinyin: qù sǐ ba; . 'go die').
518 (pinyin: wǔ yāo bā) in Mandarin sounds like "我要发" (pinyin: wǒ yào fā) which means "I am going to prosper".
Conclusion
References
Terms and Expressions
Singles' Day 双十一；单身节
the five elements(Water, Fire, Earth, Wood, and Metal) 五行（金木水火土）
the Forbidden City 紫禁城
ghost month 鬼月（七月）
the Temple of Confucius 孔庙
the Temple of Heaven 天坛
Questions
1.When is the Chinese ghost month? A.July B.June C. September D. August
2.When were the 2018 Beijing Olympic Games held? A.04/04/2008 B.06/06/2008 C.08/08/2008 D.09/09/2008
3.What does “58” mean? A.My father B. I prosper C. My death D. My life
4.What was the number 9 historically associated in ancient China? A.the Heaven B. the Emperor C. the God D. the Devil
Answers
B C B B