User:Cao Shiqin

Three Silver Hair Ornaments of Fuzhou

Against the background of the contemporary revival of Chinese traditional aesthetics and the booming cultural tourism, a growing number of niche local female intangible cultural heritage has regained public attention. Fuzhou "Three Hairpins", commonly known as "Three Knives", is a unique traditional silver hair ornament for women originating from Minhou, Fuzhou, carrying thousands of years of local historical memory and feminine spiritual connotation. Starting with the historical origin and physical form of the Three Hairpins, this paper deeply analyzes its core cultural symbolism of dedicating one hairpin to the nation, one to the family, and one to oneself. It sorts out its historical transformation from being banned to becoming protected heritage, and explores its inheritance status and development value in modern guochao design, cultural tourism and youth culture, so as to provide reference for the living inheritance of niche local intangible cultural heritage.

I.Historical Origins The Three Hairpins, also known as "Three Knives," is a unique traditional women's head ornament native to Fuzhou City, Fujian Province. It carries profound historical significance, and several theories exist regarding its origins: One theory attributes this practice to the Japanese pirate invasions of Fuzhou during the Jiajing era of the Ming Dynasty. At that time, pirates frequently raided the coastal region of Fuzhou. To defend themselves, rural women there would sheath long hairpins and transform short, sharp iron tools into hairpins inserted into their hair buns, ready to draw them for defense against enemies—a practice that later evolved into the prototype of the "three-barbed hairpin." Another theory traces its origins to the "Five-Wielding Armors" custom among women during the Jin Dynasty. When the Jin people migrated southward, they brought this tradition to Fuzhou, where it gradually evolved into a hair ornament shaped like a sword. Additionally, legend holds that during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Fuzhou women wore short blades in their hair buns to defend against invasions by Southern Tang, marking the emergence of early three-strand hairpins. Some scholars also suggest that these hairpins may have originated among the She ethnic group in Nanping, Fujian or Beifeng, Fuzhou, with this weapon-inspired hair ornament reflecting the complex psychological and cultural context of the era. During the late Qing and early Republican periods, the "three knives" were widely favored by working women due to their practicality and even became a symbol of individuality among the upper class. However, the 1936 publication *Summary of Fujian's Civil Affairs* recorded: "In provincial capitals, people traditionally wore three silver hairpins resembling bayonets, known as' three pins'; but after persuasion efforts, this practice was discontinued." Thus, the three-pin tradition gradually faded from history.

II.Cultural Symbols The Three Hairpins design is distinctive and carries profound symbolism: each silver pin represents "dedication to the nation, family, and oneself," embodying women's multifaceted roles and responsibilities. This unique hair accessory not only showcases the resilience and independence of Fuzhou women but also embodies rich cultural significance. During the turbulent historical period, the Three-Treasure Hairpin first symbolized courage and self-defense. When facing foreign invaders such as the Japanese pirates, women in Fuzhou utilized this distinctive hair ornament for self-protection and combat, demonstrating their bravery and wisdom. Over time, it evolved into an exquisite decorative item, yet its core spirit of resilience and independence remained unchanged, embodying the tenacity, diligence, and perseverance characteristic of Fuzhou women. The Three Hairpins also embody women's growth and self-awareness. Every adult woman wears them, as they accompany her journey through life and bear witness to the responsibilities and missions she undertakes at different stages. These small hairpins are not merely decorative items but vital carriers of Fuzhou's female cultural heritage, reflecting the city's profound historical and cultural legacy. Specifically, "one hairpin for the nation" symbolizes a sense of responsibility in defending the homeland. During the era of Japanese pirate invasions, women in Fuzhou used hairpins as weapons to protect their homes; "one hairpin for the family" represents selfless dedication to family life. The hairpin secured hairstyles and facilitated daily tasks, demonstrating women's wisdom in managing household affairs; "one hairpin for oneself" signifies women's commitment to self-worth—even in adversity, they maintained a pursuit of beauty and respect for life. The Three Hairpins are not merely decorative items but a cultural declaration: women can be as gentle as water or as resolute as a blade. They embody the patriotic sentiment and cultural confidence of Fuzhou women, serving as a symbol of their spiritual strength.

III.Modern Inheritance In recent years, the Sanjiao Zan—a traditional intangible cultural heritage item—has regained significant vitality. In 2024, Fuzhou San Tiao Zan not only revived its traditional silver version but also incorporated intangible cultural heritage techniques such as wood-based lacquerware, mother-of-pearl inlay, and buffalo horn decoration, launching several innovative versions that preserve historical and cultural significance while catering to contemporary youth aesthetics. At the main event of Fuzhou's Beautiful Rural Tourism Season, models made their debut wearing San Tiao Zan hairstyles, stunning the audience. In June of the same year, "Fuzhou Traditional Makeup Technique (San Tiao Zan)" was included in Gulou District's seventh list of representative intangible cultural heritage projects. By September, local actresses Chen Haoyu and Wan Nida returned to their hometown to experience the San Tiao Zan makeup style; the promotional video for "San Tiao Zan" garnered over 12 million views, with related Weibo topics receiving more than 110 million engagements. In November, the technique was further added to Fuzhou's eighth municipal-level list of representative intangible cultural heritage projects. In 2025, young actress Zhao Liying collaborated with Shangchengshi magazine to release a new cover campaign featuring Fuzhou's traditional intangible cultural heritage—the "Three-Strand Hairpin" —as its central element. The campaign showcased the fusion of Eastern aesthetics and modern fashion, bringing this nearly extinct ancient hair accessory back into public view and sparking a wave of enthusiasm for traditional culture revival. The team led by intangible cultural heritage inheritor Huang Qiuhui recreated the traditional craftsmanship while incorporating innovative use of contemporary materials, presenting it in a form that better aligns with modern aesthetic preferences. Furthermore, the "Three Hairpins Reflecting Cultural Heritage: Art Integrating Past and Present" cultural heritage research team from Minjiang University's International Digital Economy College conducted field visits to Fuzhou Lacquer Art Base and Fujian Experimental Min Opera Theatre, delving into how these traditional hairpins preserve cultural traditions in today's rapidly evolving society and infusing new vitality into their cultural promotion.

IV. Cultural Value The cultural value of Sanzaijin is multifaceted. From a historical perspective, it chronicles the evolution of Fuzhou's region—from the Ming Dynasty's resistance against Japanese pirates to social life during the late Qing and early Republican periods, and onward to contemporary preservation and innovation. The Three Hairpins serve as a vivid historical textbook, offering us a glimpse into bygone times. In terms of artistic value, the Three Hairpins exemplify the exceptional craftsmanship of Fuzhou's traditional artistry through their distinctive sword-like design and exquisite detailing. From material selection to production and pattern carving, every step embodies the artisans' dedication, reflecting the aesthetic principles and creative spirit inherent in Fuzhou's traditional crafts. From a social perspective, the three-pronged hairpin serves as a traditional symbol for women in Fuzhou, strengthening their sense of collective identity and cultural belonging. The spiritual values it embodies—bravery, resilience, and independence—have inspired generations of Fuzhou women to strive continuously in modern society. From a cultural perspective, the Three-Treasure Hairpin serves as a significant symbol of Fuzhou's regional culture, reflecting its unique characteristics and diversity. It provides insights into the local customs, aesthetic values, and methods of cultural transmission in Fuzhou, offering valuable reference material for studying the city's historical and cultural heritage.

V. Personal Reflections At first sight, the three hairpins captivated me with their distinctive design and profound symbolism. Upon closer examination, I developed deep reverence for the spiritual power they embody. They are not merely hair accessories but also a symbol of Fuzhou women's wisdom and courage—a cultural gem cherished throughout history. Amid the current wave of cultural integration, many traditional cultures face the risk of being forgotten; yet the resurgence of the Three Hairpins exemplifies their remarkable vitality. This demonstrates that by sincerely exploring, preserving, and innovating traditional culture, it can undoubtedly shine with unique brilliance in modern society. As young people of the new era, we bear the significant responsibility of preserving and promoting outstanding traditional culture. We should pay closer attention to intangible cultural heritage items, delve into their historical and cultural backgrounds, and actively engage in their protection and transmission. By learning traditional skills, participating in cultural activities, and promoting these practices, we can integrate intangible cultural heritage into daily life, encouraging more people to recognize, understand, and cherish this precious cultural legacy.

VI. Conclusions As an intangible cultural heritage of Fuzhou, the Three-Strand Hairpin not only preserves historical memories but also demonstrates renewed vitality in modern society. It reminds us never to forget our past and inspires us to innovate while preserving traditions and advance through innovation. Let us join hands to safeguard this precious cultural legacy and ensure the story of the Three-Strand Hairpin continues to shine brightly in the future!

Reference 林文静,梁惠娥,吴玥.闽地女性传统“三条簪”头饰艺术及文化探析[J].丝绸,2025,62(11):110-118.DOI:10.3969∕j.issn.1001-7003.2025.11.012.

Terms and Expressions Three Silver Hair Ornaments of Fuzhou（福州三银簪） Intangible Cultural Heritage（非物质文化遗产） Cultural Symbolism（文化象征意义） Living Inheritance（活态传承） Guochao Design（国潮设计） Regional Culture（地域文化） Traditional Craftsmanship（传统工艺） Cultural Belonging（文化归属感）

Questions 1.What does Three Silver Hair Ornaments of Fuzhou refer to in the paper? 2.What core Cultural Symbolism do the three silver hair ornaments carry? 3.Why is Living Inheritance important for niche local intangible cultural heritage? 4.What does the three silver hair ornaments reflect about Fuzhou’s Regional Culture? 5.What does Traditional Craftsmanship contribute to the value of the three silver hair ornaments? 6.How does Guochao Design promote the development of the three silver hair ornaments?

Answers 1.Three Silver Hair Ornaments of Fuzhou, also known as Three Hairpins or "Three Knives", is a unique traditional silver hair ornament for local women originating from Minhou, Fuzhou, Fujian Province. It was originally evolved from self-defense iron tools with a history of thousands of years, witnessing the social features of Fuzhou in different periods. Now it is also one of the representative intangible cultural heritages of Fuzhou.

2.The three silver hairpins carry the core symbolism of one for the nation, one for the family, and one for oneself. For the nation: It stands for the responsibility of defending homeland, embodying patriotism and courage to resist foreign invaders. For the family: It symbolizes selfless dedication to the family, reflecting women’s diligence and sense of responsibility for household affairs. For oneself: It means sticking to self-worth, pursuing beauty and respecting life even in tough times. Overall, it interprets the combination of gentleness and fortitude of Fuzhou women, and serves as a spiritual symbol of tenacity, independence, wisdom and cultural confidence. 3. Niche local intangible cultural heritage was once on the verge of extinction. Living inheritance can carry forward its historical context and prevent traditional crafts and cultural memories from disappearing completely. Combining with modern life, aesthetics and market demands for innovation, living inheritance helps ancient heritage get rid of outdated impressions and integrate into people’s daily lives again. It continuously explores the cultural connotation behind heritage and strengthens local people’s cultural identity and sense of belonging. It provides a referable model for the protection and development of similar niche intangible cultural heritage, and promotes the long-term spread of local characteristic culture. 4. Local customs and history: Evolving from self-defense weapons, the hairpins reflect the tradition of resisting foreign aggression and advocating both culture and martial arts in coastal Fuzhou. Folk customs and aesthetics: As a symbolic head ornament for traditional Fuzhou women, it carries local costumes customs and unique aesthetic concepts passed down for generations. Humanistic spirit: It embodies the spirit of Fuzhou women — tenacity, independence, diligence, courage and patriotism, being an epitome of local humanistic culture. Cultural inheritance: It shows Fuzhou’s ability to inherit and innovate traditional crafts and folk customs, highlighting the inclusiveness and vitality of regional culture. 5. Artistic value: Its unique sword-shaped design, rigorous material selection, elaborate carving and production procedures demonstrate the superb level of Fuzhou traditional crafts, as well as traditional aesthetic ideas and craftsmen’s dedication. Historical value: The traditional manufacturing techniques passed down from generation to generation fully retain the craft features of different eras, serving as physical evidence for the research on the development of ancient handicraft industry in Fuzhou. Cultural value: The integration of intangible crafts such as lacquerware, mother-of-pearl inlay and buffalo horn decoration enriches the cultural depth of the hairpins, making them a cultural carrier combining multiple traditional crafts. Inheritance value: Handicrafts endow the hairpins with irreplicable uniqueness, enhance their cultural value, and enable traditional skills to be inherited along with the ornaments. 6. Cater to young people’s aesthetics: Guochao design combines modern popular styles with traditional Eastern aesthetics, optimizes shapes, materials and styles, breaks the outdated impression of traditional hair ornaments, and wins the favor of young groups. Expand communication channels: By means of mainstream Guochao communication forms including fashion magazines, celebrity promotion, cultural tourism activities and short videos, it greatly raises the exposure and public popularity of the hairpins. Drive innovative transformation: Integrating the elements of the hairpins into modern fashion wear and cultural and creative products turns the intangible heritage from a traditional ornament into a trendy cultural symbol. Boost industrial development: Riding on the Guochao trend, it drives the coordinated development of cultural creativity, cultural tourism, beauty and other related industries, provides economic support for the protection and inheritance of the hairpins, and forms a virtuous development cycle.

非遗三条簪

在当代中国传统文化美学复兴与文化旅游蓬勃发展的背景下，越来越多具有独特地域特色的女性非物质文化遗产重新受到公众关注。福州“三条簪”（俗称“三把刀”）是一种源自福州闽侯县的女性传统银质发饰，承载着数千年的地方历史记忆与女性精神内涵。 本文从三条簪的历史起源与物理形态入手，深入剖析其核心文化象征意义——为国，为家，为己；梳理了其从被禁到成为受保护文化遗产的历史演变过程，并探讨其在现代国潮设计、文化旅游及青年文化中的传承地位与发展价值，为特色地方非物质文化遗产的活态传承提供参考。

一、历史起源 三条簪，又称“三把刀”，是福建省福州市独有的传统女性头饰，它承载着厚重的历史，起源说法主要有几种： 一种说法是与明代嘉靖年间倭寇侵扰福州有关。当时，倭寇作乱，滨海的福州地区不时遭到袭扰，福州农村妇女为了防身，将长发作鞘，把短小锋利的铁器改制为簪子插在发髻中，随时准备抽刀刺敌抵抗，这便成了“三条簪”的雏形。 还有一种说法是源于晋朝妇女的“五兵佩”习俗。晋人衣冠南渡时，将这一习俗带入福州，逐渐演变为刀剑形的发饰。此外，也有传说是五代十国时期，福州女子为抵御南唐的侵犯，在发髻上插戴短刃，这便是早期的三条簪。部分学者还认为，三条簪可能起源于福建南平或福州北峰的畲族人，这种兵器型的发饰反映了当时社会的复杂心理和文化背景。 清末民初，“三把刀”因实用性广受劳动妇女青睐，甚至成为上流阶层彰显个性的标志。然而，在 1936 年出版的《福建民政概要》中记载，“省会附郭，旧日多插银簪三条，如刺刀，名曰三簪；现经劝导，不复再插”，三条簪逐渐退出了历史舞台。

二、文化象征 三条簪造型独特，寓意深远，三条银簪分别象征“为国、为家、为己”，承载了女性的多重身份与责任担当。这一独特发饰不仅展现了福州女性的坚韧与独立，更蕴含着丰富的文化内涵。 在动荡不安的历史岁月中，三条簪首先代表着勇敢与自卫，福州妇女面对倭寇等外敌时，凭借三条簪这一独特的发饰进行自卫和战斗，展现出她们的勇敢和智慧。随着时间的推移，三条簪逐渐演变为一种精美的装饰品，但坚韧与独立的精神内涵却一直未曾改变，体现了福州女性坚韧不拔、勤劳坚毅的品质。 三条簪还蕴含着女性的成长与自我认知。每个成年女子都佩戴三条簪，它们伴随着女性的成长，见证着她们在不同人生阶段所承担的责任与使命。这三条小小的簪子，不仅是一种装饰，更是福州女性文化传承的重要载体，反映了福州地区深厚的历史文化底蕴。 具体而言，“一把为国”象征保家卫国的责任感。在倭寇侵扰的年代，福州女性以簪为刃，守护家园；“一把为家”代表对家庭的无私奉献。簪子固定发髻，便于劳作，展现女性持家的智慧；“一把为己”寓意女性对自我价值的坚守。即便身处逆境，仍保持对美的追求与对生命的尊重。 三条簪不仅是装饰，更是一种文化宣言——女性可以温柔如水，亦可刚毅如刀。它传递着福州女性的家国情怀与文化自信，成为福州女性精神力量的象征。

三、现代传承 近年来，三条簪这一古老的非遗项目重新焕发生机。 2024 年，福州三条簪在复原传统银制版本的同时，融入木胎大漆、螺钿、牛角等非遗技艺，推出了多种创新版本，在保留历史文化内涵的同时，也契合着当下年轻人的审美需求。在福州美丽乡村旅游季主会场上，模特们首次以头插三条簪的造型亮相，艳惊四座；同年 6 月，“福州传统梳妆技艺（三条簪）”入选鼓楼区第七批非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录；9 月，福州籍女星陈昊宇、万妮达返乡体验三条簪妆束，推出的《三条簪》宣传片播放量超 1200 万次，相关微博话题浏览量超 1.1 亿次；11 月，“福州传统梳妆技艺（三条簪）”又入选福州市第八批市级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录。 2025 年，青年演员赵丽颖携手《上城士》杂志发布全新封面大片，以福州传统非遗“三条簪”为核心元素，展现东方美学与现代时尚的交融，让这一濒临失传的古老发饰重回大众视野，掀起传统文化复兴热潮。非遗传承人黄秋辉团队通过复刻传统技艺，结合现代材质创新，使其以更符合当代审美的姿态重现江湖。 此外，闽江学院国际数字经济学院“三簪流光，艺融今古”文化溯源实践队也通过走访福州漆艺基地、福建省实验闽剧院等活动，深入探寻三条簪在现代快速发展社会中的文化传承之道，为三条簪文化的传播注入了新的活力。

四、文化价值 三条簪的文化价值是多方面的。 从历史价值来看，它见证了福州地区的历史变迁，从明代抗倭到清末民初的社会生活，再到如今的传承与创新，三条簪是一部生动的历史教科书，让我们得以窥探过去的岁月。 在艺术价值方面，三条簪以其独特的刀剑造型和精美的工艺，展现了福州传统工艺的高超技艺。从选材到制作，再到雕刻花纹，每一道工序都凝聚着匠人的心血，体现了福州地区传统工艺的美学理念和艺术创造力。 社会价值上，三条簪作为福州女性的传统标识，增强了福州女性的群体认同感和文化归属感。它所蕴含的精神内涵，如勇敢、坚韧、独立等，激励着一代又一代的福州女性在现代社会中不断进取。 文化价值方面，三条簪是福州地域文化的重要象征，它体现了福州地区文化的独特性和多样性。通过三条簪，我们可以了解到福州地区的风俗习惯、审美观念以及文化传承的方式，对于研究福州地区的历史文化具有重要的参考价值。

五、个人感悟 初见三条簪，其独特造型与深厚内涵便吸引我的目光。深入了解后，更对其承载的精神力量心怀敬畏。它不仅是发饰，更是福州女性智慧与勇气的象征，是历史长河中的文化明珠。 在当下文化交融的浪潮中，许多传统文化面临被遗忘的境遇，三条簪的再度兴起却彰显了传统文化的强大生命力。这启示我们，只要以真诚之心去挖掘、传承与创新，传统文化定能在现代社会绽放独特光彩。 作为新时代的青年，我们肩负着传承与弘扬优秀传统文化的重任。应当关注更多非遗项目，深入探究其历史文化背景，积极投身于非遗的保护与传承工作。通过学习传统技艺、参与文化活动以及宣传推广等途径，使非遗文化融入日常生活，吸引更多人去认识、了解并珍爱这些珍贵的文化遗产。

六、结语 三条簪作为福州的非物质文化遗产，不仅承载着过去的记忆，更在现代社会中展现出新的活力。它提醒着我们不要忘记历史，激励着我们在传承中创新，在创新中发展。让我们携手共进，共同守护这份珍贵的文化遗产，让三条簪的故事在未来继续熠熠生辉！

文献

林文静,梁惠娥,吴玥.闽地女性传统“三条簪”头饰艺术及文化探析[J].丝绸,2025,62(11):110-118.DOI:10.3969∕j.issn.1001-7003.2025.11.012

术语表达 Three Silver Hair Ornaments of Fuzhou（福州三银簪） Intangible Cultural Heritage（非物质文化遗产） Cultural Symbolism（文化象征意义） Living Inheritance（活态传承） Guochao Design（国潮设计） Regional Culture（地域文化） Traditional Craftsmanship（传统工艺） Cultural Belonging（文化归属感）

问题：

1、本文中提到的“福州三银发饰”具体指什么？ 2、这三件银发饰承载了怎样的核心文化象征意义？ 3、对于具有地域特色的非物质文化遗产而言，“活态传承”为何如此重要？ 4、这些银发饰反映了福州怎样的地域文化特色？ 5、传统工艺为它们增添了哪些价值内涵？ 6、国潮设计又如何推动这类银发饰的发展？ 答案： 1.福州三银发饰也被称作三条簪、“三把刀”，是源自福建福州闽侯地区、当地女性独有的传统银质头饰。它最初由防身铁器演变而来，有着数千年历史，见证了福州不同时期的社会风貌，如今也是福州代表性的非物质文化遗产之一。 2.三支银簪核心寓意为一簪为国、一簪为家、一簪为己。 (1)为国：代表保家卫国的家国责任，寄托着抵御外敌的爱国情怀与勇敢精神； (2)为家：象征对家庭的无私付出，体现女性操持家务、勤恳劳作的生活担当； (3)为己：代表坚守自我价值，即便身处困境也始终追求美好、尊重生命。 整体而言，它诠释了福州女性刚柔并济的特质，是坚韧、独立、智慧与文化自信的精神象征。 3. (1)这类小众地域非遗曾一度濒临失传，活态传承能延续其历史文脉，避免传统技艺与文化记忆彻底消亡； (2)活态传承结合当代生活、审美与市场需求进行创新，让古老非遗摆脱陈旧标签，重新融入大众日常生活； (3)能够持续挖掘非遗背后的文化内涵，强化地方民众的文化认同感与归属感； (4)为同类小众非遗的保护、发展提供可借鉴的模式，推动地方特色文化长久传播。 4. (1)历史民风：簪子由防身兵器演变而来，反映出福州沿海地区历史上抵御外侮、崇文尚武的地域民风； (2)民俗与审美：它是福州传统女性标志性头饰，承载当地世代流传的服饰习俗与独特审美取向； (3)人文精神：集中体现福州女性坚韧独立、勤劳果敢、心怀家国的精神品格，是当地人文精神的缩影； (4)文化传承特色：展现福州对传统技艺、民俗文化的延续与创新能力，凸显地域文化的包容性与生命力。 5. (1)艺术价值：独特的刀剑造型、精细的选材、雕琢与制作工序，展现福州传统手工艺精湛水准，承载传统美学理念与匠人匠心； (2)历史价值：传统制作技艺代代相传，完整保留了不同时代的工艺特征，成为研究福州古代手工业发展的实物佐证； (3)文化价值：大漆、螺钿、牛角镶嵌等各类非遗工艺的融入，丰富了三簪的文化层次，使其成为多项传统技艺融合的文化载体； (4)传承价值：手工技艺赋予三簪不可复制的独特性，提升其文化含金量，也让传统手艺得以依附发饰延续传承。 6. (1)贴合年轻审美：国潮设计融合现代流行风格与东方古典美学，改良造型、材质与样式，打破传统头饰的老旧印象，受到年轻群体喜爱； (2)拓宽传播渠道：借助时尚杂志、明星宣传、文旅活动、短视频等国潮主流传播形式，大幅提升三簪的曝光度与大众知名度； (3)推动创新转化：将三簪元素融入现代时尚穿搭、文创产品等领域，实现非遗从传统头饰向潮流文化符号的转变； (4)激活产业发展：依托国潮热潮带动相关文创、文旅、美妆等产业联动发展，为三簪的保护与传承提供经济支撑，形成良性发展循环。