20201215 cultexam

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Final Exam Paper. Please write now and improve until grading on 2020 12 15

Tan Yuanyuan 谭媛媛

颜真卿，唐代杰出的书法家。颜真卿对后世书法艺术的发展产生了深远影响，唐以后很多名家，都从颜真卿变法成功中汲取经验。

Yan Zhenqing, an outstanding calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. Yan had a profound impact on the development of calligraphy art in later generations. After the Tang Dynasty, many famous artists learned from Yan Zhenqing's successful reforms on the style of regular script.

汉字，首先是一种文化，对于一个民族来说，文字更是一种凝聚力。因为每一个汉字都积淀着中华民族几千年的睿智与精髓，更凝聚着一种民族精神。

Chinese characters are, above all, a kind of culture. And for a nation, characters shows a kind of cohesion. Because every Chinese character is the accumulation of the wisdom and essence of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, and it also embodies a national spirit.

书法，是国粹，书法在汉字形成至今，见证了中国人文历史的变迁，那些过往的伟大书法家比如王羲之、褚遂良、颜真卿等都是我们学习的楷模。

Calligraphy is the quintessence of the country and it has witnessed the changes in Chinese culture and history since the formation of the Chinese characters. The great calligraphers in the past, such as Wang Xizhi in Jin Dynasty, Chu Suiliang and Yan Zhenqing in Tang Dynasty, are all models of our learning.--Tan Yuanyuan (talk) 22:37, 3 October 2020 (UTC)

Yang Hui 阳慧

中国古代文化，其实就是汉字的发展史，就是汉字的发展、繁荣和应用的过程，我们应该认识到，汉 字文化是中国古代文化流传下来的不可多得的一份遗产。

Ancient Chinese culture is actually the development history of Chinese characters and the development, prosperity and application process of Chinese characters. We should realize that Chinese character culture is a rare heritage handed down from ancient Chinese culture.

书法是汉民族特有的文字书写艺术，虽然书法艺术的自觉化至东汉末才发生，但书法艺术当于汉字的.萌生同时。

Calligraphy is the unique writing art of the Han nationality, although the self-consciousness of the calligraphy art did not take place until the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, but the calligraphy art when the emergence of Chinese characters at the same time.

目前发现的于原始汉字有关的资料,为学术界公认的中国最早的古汉字资料，是商的甲骨文和金文。

At present, the information about the original Chinese characters is the earliest ancient Chinese characters in China, which is recognized by the academic circles.--YangHui (talk) 02:10, 4 October 2020 (UTC)

Zeng Liang 曾良

1.刺绣，是一种具有悠久传统的民间艺术，在中国艺术和手工艺品史上占有重要地位。刺绣的长期发展离不开蚕的饲养和纺丝技术的发展。 Embroidery,a folk art with a long tradition, occupies an important position in the history of Chinese arts and crafts. It is,in its long development, inseparable from silkworm-raising and silk-reeling and weaving.--Zeng Liang (talk) 06:51, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝又称“铜胎掐丝珐琅”，是一种中国传统的手工艺精品。它以细扁铜丝作线条，在铜质的胎地上捏出各种图案花纹，再将五彩珐琅点填在花纹内，经烧制、镀金而成。 Cloisonne, which is also called copper padding thread weaving enamel, is a kind of Chinese traditional handicrafts. The manufacture of cloisonne ware requires an elaborate and complicated process, namely, base-hammering, copper-wire curving, soldering, polishing, and gilding, ect.--Zeng Liang (talk) 06:51, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆固化后表面非常坚硬暴露在空气中也不易碎，并可高度磨光。 Lacquer becomes extremely hard but not brittle on exposure to air and takes a high polish.--Zeng Liang (talk) 06:51, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.诚招石刻、玉刻、木刻、陶瓷、金属等行业以及书法、民间艺术系列行业。 Welcome the industries of stone inscription, jade carving, woodcarving, ceramics, metal, calligraphy and the folk art.--Zeng Liang (talk) 06:51, 10 October 2020 (UTC)