The Double-Swing Model
Basic questions:
How to deal with the globalised world in terms of the interpersonal, international and intercultural relations? How to respect cultural uniqueness in terms of differences and similarities?
Modes of intercultural encounter
There are different ways of encounter and communication.
A) ethnocentric based upon Selectivness
B) control based on Manipulation
C) dialectical which can be described as a fusion-orientated encounter
D) dialogical that leds eventually in interdependent communication
Development of diaological mode
East & West perspectives
Yoshikawa's theory of the Double-Swing model is based upon the Buddhist philosophy of "soku" and Martin Buber's "I-Thou Relationship".
Western Perspective: Martin Buber and his "I-Thou-Relationship"
The Buddhist philosophy "soku"
The Double-Swing Model
Implications
Difference & otherness as positive factors -> essential for growth in communication process Communicator is always active -> never a passive reactor to communication, but an active creator of own stimuli Dynamic interplay with whole persons ->focus polar posits - not polar experiences Self & Other Awareness ->Process in which one's essential identity takes place
Critics
What to take care for if “cultures” meet? (concrete examples, best-practices) What if own acceptance of „anew-creation“ is not given? What about Buber‘s „narrow-ridge“ (face-to-face requirement)? Representative for western thinking? What about the Eastern dominance in that model?