20231208 homework

To go back to the course homepage, please click here: https://bou.de/u/wiki/Classical_Chinese_Poetry_and_Prose#.E3.80.8A.E8.AB.96.E8.AA.9E.E3.80.8B.E9.A0.90.E7.A7.91.E4.BD.9C.E6.A5.AD_The_Analects_II_-_preparatory_homework:_translation_exercises

《論語》The Analects IV

子曰：“賢哉，回也!一簟食, 一瓢飲, 在陋巷, 人不 堪其憂, 回也不改其樂。賢哉，回也!”

子貢曰: “如有博施於民而能濟衆, 何如? 可謂仁 乎? ”子曰：“何事於仁, 必也聖乎! 堯舜其猶病諸! 夫 仁者，已欲立而立人，已欲達而達人。能近取譬”,可謂仁 之方也已。”

曾子曰：“士不可以不弘毅, 任重而道逮”。仁以為已 任，不亦重乎? 死而後已, 不亦遠乎?”

Student list (please write both, the modern Chinese translation and the English translation beneath your name):

靜香 Jing Xiang Anastasiia Yarosevych

孔子说：“回真了不起！只用一张竹席吃饭，一只葫芦喝水，住在狭窄的巷子里，人们都难以忍受艰辛，但回依然保持快乐。回真了不起！”子贡说：“如果有人能慷慨解囊助人，使众人受益，这样的人可以称为仁吗？”孔子说：“对于仁何需考虑，必须是圣人啊！就像是堯舜，他们仍然对仁感到困扰！因为仁者，既想确立自己的位置，也想使别人确立自己的位置，既想实现自己的目标，也想使别人实现目标。能够近似地使用比喻，可以说是仁的方法。”曾子说：“士人不应该没有胸怀和毅力，职责重大而道路遥远。仁义之道以为已任，不也重要吗？死后才算完成，不也遥远吗？”

Confucius said: "How virtuous is Hui! With his single bamboo dish of rice, and his single gourd dish of drink, he can dwell in a narrow lane. I have never seen a man who loves virtue as much as he does." Zi Gong said, "Suppose a man with the ability to benefit the people and able to relieve the multitude, what would you think of him? Would he be called benevolent?" Confucius said, "What is the use of benevolence if it is not guided by wisdom? A Yao or a Shun might still find it difficult to practice benevolence in the world. A benevolent person desires to establish others and to guide them. To be able to draw an analogy from near at hand may be said to be the way of benevolence." Zengzi said, "A scholar should not be without broad-mindedness and perseverance. How can he fulfill his duties without such qualities? Is it possible for anyone to be without duties? Is it possible for anyone to fulfill his duties without perseverance?"

范乐 Fan Yue Alicja Jacheć

孔子说：“颜回啊，真是一位伟大的圣人啊！他用竹篮盛饭，用斗水喝水，住在简陋的巷子里。别人都受不了贫穷的悲伤，而颜回却能过着这样的生活。”颜回真是一位伟大的圣人啊！

Confucius said: "What a great sage, Yan Hui! He served food in a bamboo basket, drank water from a bucket and lived in a humble alley. No one else could bear the sadness of poverty, but Yan Hui was able to live like him. What a great sage, Yan Hui!”

子贡说: "如果一个人能够广泛地惠及民众，能够让他们都过上好日子，那他是什么样的人呢？能说他有仁德吗？孔子回答说 "有普通的仁德，就一定有圣德！尧舜大概也很难理解这一点！仁德之人，既要自己立身，也要帮助别人立身；既要自己顺利，也要使别人顺利。可以说，凡事能推己及人，才是修仁之道"。

Zigong said: "What kind of person is a man who can benefit the people so widely that he can make a good life for them all? Can it be said that he has benevolence and virtue? Confucius replied: "If one has ordinary benevolence and virtue, one must have saintly virtue! Yao and Shun probably had a hard time understanding this! A man of benevolence and virtue must establish himself as well as help others to establish themselves; he must make things smooth for himself as well as make things smooth for others. It can be said that the way to cultivate benevolence is to be able to push one's self and others in all things."

曾子说：“士人不能不奋发有为，任重而道远。以仁德为己任，不是一件伟大的事吗？不是很遥远吗？” 只有当你死了才停止？”

Zeng Zi said, "A scholar cannot fail to be resolute, and the task is heavy but the road is not easy". The task of being benevolent is a heavy one, isn't it? Isn't it a long way to stop only when he dies?"

朱清月 Zhu Qingyue Julia Czuban

孔子说：“真是个大贤人啊，颜回！用一个竹筐盛饭，用一只瓢喝水，住在简陋的巷子里。别人都忍受不了那穷困的忧愁，颜回却能照样快活。真是个大贤人啊，颜回！” Master said, "Admirable indeed was the virtue of Hui! With a single bamboo dish of rice, a single gourd dish of drink, and living in his mean narrow lane, while others could not have endured the distress, he did not allow his joy to be affected by it. Admirable indeed was the virtue of Hui!" 子贡说：“如果一个人能广泛地给民众以好处，而且能够帮助众人生活得很好，这人怎么样？可以说他有仁德了吗？”孔子说：“哪里仅仅是仁德呢，那一定是圣德了！尧和舜大概都难以做到！一个有仁德的人，自己想树立的，同时也帮助别人树立；自己要事事通达顺畅，同时也使别人事事通达顺畅。凡事能够推己及人，可以说是实行仁道的方法了。” Zi Gong said, "Suppose the case of a man extensively conferring benefits on the people, and able to assist all, what would you say of him? Might he be called perfectly virtuous?" The Master said, "Why speak only of virtue in connection with him? Must he not have the qualities of a sage? Even Yao and Shun were still solicitous about this. Now the man of perfect virtue, wishing to be established himself, seeks also to establish others; wishing to be enlarged himself, he seeks also to enlarge others. To be able to judge of others by what is nigh in ourselves - this may be called the art of virtue." 曾子说：“士人不可不拥有宏毅之心，承担重任并追求道德。”以仁心为已任，这岂非是重大的责任？等到死后才算完成，这不也是遥远的吗？ "Zengzi said: 'A scholar-official should not lack magnanimity and determination, bearing great responsibilities while pursuing the path. To take benevolence as one's responsibility, isn't this also a weighty matter? Only after death can one say it's done, isn't this distant too?'"

《論語》The Analects V

子路曰：“衛君待子而為政, 子將奚先?” 子曰：“必也正名乎!” 子路曰：“有是哉，子之迂也! 奚其正?” 子曰：“野哉, 由也!君子於其所不知，蓋闕如也。 名不正，則言不顺; 言不順，則事不成；事不成，則禮樂不 典; 禮樂不典，則刑罰不中; 刑罰不中，則民無所錯手 足。故君子名之必可言也，言之必可行也”。君子於其 言，無所苟而已矣“。”

Student list (please write both, the modern Chinese translation and the English translation beneath your name):

靜香 Jing Xiang Anastasiia Yarosevych

子路问：“卫君等你参与治理，你将从何入手呢？” 孔子说：“必须正名！” 子路说：“有理啊，您真是太慢了！为什么不直接行动呢？” 孔子说：“子路啊，你真是个豁达的人！君子对于自己不了解的事情，就像是在荒野中。如果名字不正，言辞就会不顺；言辞不顺，事情就无法完成；事情无法完成，礼乐就无法规范；礼乐无法规范，刑罚就会不公正；刑罚不公正，百姓就会无所适从。因此，君子所用的名字必须是可以说得出口的，说出口的必须是可以实际执行的。君子在言辞时，绝不敷衍。

Zilu asked, "The Lord of Wei has been waiting for you to join the government. What will you prioritize?" Confucius said, "It is necessary to rectify names." Zilu said, "That's reasonable, but you, Master, seem too slow. Why not take direct action?" Confucius replied, "Zilu, you are straightforward. When a gentleman encounters something he does not understand, it is like being in the wilderness. If names are not correct, words will not be in accordance. If words are not in accordance, actions cannot be successful. If actions are not successful, rituals and music will not flourish. If rituals and music do not flourish, punishments will not be appropriate. If punishments are not appropriate, the people will have nowhere to put hand or foot. Hence, a gentleman's use of names can be spoken and his words can be acted upon. A gentleman, in his speech, is never deceitful.

范乐 Fan Yue Alicja Jacheć

子路说 "卫国国君想让您治理国家 您打算从哪里开始呢？" 孔子回答说 "首先要提高自己的名声" 子路说 子路说："有这样的事吗？你太迂腐了。你怎么能改好这个名字呢？" 孔子说 "仲由，你太无礼了。君子对自己不知道的事情总是采取怀疑的态度。名不正，则言不顺；言不顺，则事不成。名不正，则言不顺；言不顺，则事不成。礼乐不兴，刑罚就不能得当。刑罚不适当，人们就不知道该怎么做。故君子必有名，必能明言，必能效言。君子的言行从不马虎。

Zi Lu said: "The ruler of the state of Wei wants you to rule the country, where are you going to start first?" Confucius replied: "First of all, you must improve your name." Zi Lu said: "Is there such a thing? You are so pedantic. How can you fix this name?" Confucius said: "Zhongyu, how rude. A gentleman always takes a skeptical approach to things he doesn't know. If his name is incorrect, he will not speak correctly and reasonably, and if he does not speak correctly and reasonably, things will not be done. If nothing is done, rituals and music will not be able to develop. Rituals and music will not be able to develop, the execution of punishment will not be able to appropriate. If the punishment is not appropriate, people will not know what to do. Therefore, a gentleman must have a name, must be able to speak clearly, and must be able to speak in an effective way. A gentleman is never sloppy in his words and actions.

朱清月 Zhu Qingyue Julia Czuban

子路說：「如果衛國的君主等待您去執政，您首先要做的是什麽？」孔子說：「一定是糾正名分呀！」子路說：「是這樣的嗎？你太迂腐了，糾正名分有什麽用？」孔子說：「你太粗野了！君子對於不懂的事情，一般都採取保留意見。名分不正當，說話就不合理；說話不合理，事情就辦不成。事情辦不成，法律就不能深入人心；法律不能深入人心，刑罰就不會公正；刑罰不公正，則百姓手足無措，不知如何是好。所以領導做事必須說得通、說話必須行得通。領導說話，絕不隨便、馬虎。」 Zi Lu said, "The ruler of Wei has been waiting for you, in order with you to administer the government. What will you consider the first thing to be done?" The Master replied, "What is necessary is to rectify names." "So! indeed!" said Zi Lu. "You are wide of the mark! Why must there be such rectification?" The Master said, "How uncultivated you are, You! A superior man, in regard to what he does not know, shows a cautious reserve. If names be not correct, language is not in accordance with the truth of things. If language be not in accordance with the truth of things, affairs cannot be carried on to success. When affairs cannot be carried on to success, proprieties and music will not flourish. When proprieties and music do not flourish, punishments will not be properly awarded. When punishments are not properly awarded, the people do not know how to move hand or foot. Therefore a superior man considers it necessary that the names he uses may be spoken appropriately, and also that what he speaks may be carried out appropriately. What the superior man requires is just that in his words there may be nothing incorrect."