Welcome to our course website Chinese Languages and Cultures. Whenever you visit this site, please see if there is anything in English not yet translated into Chinese and make a Chinese translation beneath (one paragraph English, one paragraph Chinese). Any correction or improvement of earlier translations is welcome!

Organizational Things

Please register for the Course Wiki.
Please prepare each session during the week before, so that you come prepared to class.

Homework

Regular students

要网上找随便的中文句子，翻译成英文。每一次上课有一个Unit。Unit里面一般有3到5个题目（A、B、C……）。每一种题目要读文章、回答问题、然后在网上找跟这个题目有关的一个中文句子，考培到wiki上，并写上去翻译和签字。然后还要修改同学的翻译，也要签字。

Website Admin student

Thank you for helping to watch the Wiki website! Please make sure that it looks nice (formatting, especially if a fellow students makes a mess by putting the wrong format etc., should not look to crowded, so make sub-websites for homework etc.).

Online Survey students

There will be several online surveys conducted throughout the semester. Please watch your WeChat Subgroup for the first tasks.

Edits

Every student is required to edit something every week. This can be:

Translate a pragraph from English to Chinese.
Correct an earlier translation.
Prepare an article (please link to from this page) and/or a powerpoint (please upload here) on a topic you will present during the semester.

Material

Please download the course textbook from the WeChat Group.

Schedule

1st Session

Introduction to the course. Organizational things. Working with the Wiki.

Students' Homework of session 1 in preparation for session 2

Cao Runxin 曹润鑫

Chen Han 陈涵

a.浏阳地处湘赣边界，古为“吴楚咽喉”，是省会长沙副中心和湘赣区域性中心城市。 Located on the border between Hunan Province and Jiangxi Province, Liuyang is the deputy center of Changsha, the capital of Hunan, and a regional central city of Hunan and Jiangxi. It was known as the heartland of the Wu and the Chu (states in the Zhou Dynasty) in ancient times.--Chen Han (talk) 13:53, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Chen Han b.农历九月九日是传统的重阳节，《易经》中把“六”定为阴数，把“九”定为阳数，九月九日，两九相重，故而叫重阳。 The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the traditional Chongyang Festival, or Double Ninth Festival. In The Book of Changes, number “6” was regarded as Yin character, meaning feminine or negative, while number “9” was thought to be Yang character, meaning masculine or positive. Thus, the number "9" in both day and month create the Double Ninth Festival, or Chongyang Festival.--Chen Han (talk) 13:53, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Chen Han c.根据汉代许慎《说文解字》中有关纸的解释，在蔡伦之前古代文献中所提到的纸，都是丝质纤维所造的，实际上不是纸，只是漂丝的副产品。 According to the explanation of paper in Xu Shen’s Shuowen Jiezi, or Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters in the Han Dynasty, the paper mentioned in some age-old documents before Cai Lun’s time was made of silk-fiber. In effect, that was not paper but a by-product of rinsing silk.--Chen Han (talk) 13:53, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Chen Han

Chen Jingjing 陈静静

1.从空中俯瞰中国大地，地势就像阶梯一样，自西向东，逐渐下降。 Overlooked from the air,the terrain of China,like a ladder,descend gradually from west to east.

2.中华民族的古老传统节日，蕴含了原始信仰，祭祀文化，天文历法等人文与自然内容，蕴含着深厚丰富的文化内涵。 Chinese traditional festivals cover the content of humanity and nature,including primitive belief,sacrificial culture and astronomical calendar, bearing profound and rich cultural connotation.

3.中国古代的科学技术在形成了自己的独特风格和体系之后，到唐宋时期达到了高峰，成为科技史上更加光辉灿烂的一章。 Chinese ancient science and technology, having formed its own particular style and system,peaked in the Tang and Song period,thus opening a more splendid chapter in science and technology.--Chen Jingjing (talk) 12:55, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing

Chen Yongxiang 陈永相

Ding Daifeng 丁代凤

小河宛如蓝色的缎带缠绕着一望无际的绿色田野。 The creek twines the vast green field just like a blue color satin ribbon.

The rivulet winds through the vast and green field just like a blue ribbon.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 02:56, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

燃放烟花也曾一度是春节的传统习俗。 Burning fireworks was once the most typical custom on the Spring Festival.

Fireworks was once a traditional custom on Spring Festival ever.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 02:56, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

公元132年，张衡发明了古代的地动仪，以辨别地震的方向。地动仪由纯铜制成，看起来像个带盖的大杯子。 In 132 A.D., Zhang Heng made the ancient seismograph to identify the direction of an earthquake. It was made of fine copper, and looked like a big cup with a lid.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 15:03, 24 September 2020 (UTC)

In 132 A.D, Zhang Heng invented the ancient semismograph for direction of an earthquake.It was out of fine copper and looked like a big cap with a lid.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 02:56, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

小河宛如蓝色的缎带缠绕着一望无际的绿色田野。 The creek intertwines the vast green field just like a blue ribbon.

燃放烟花也曾一度是春节的传统习俗。 Burning fireworks was once the most traditional custom on the Spring Festival.

公元132年，张衡发明了古代的地动仪，以辨别地震的方向。地动仪由纯铜制成，看起来像个带盖的大杯子。 In 132 A.D., Zhang Heng invented the ancient seismograph to identify the direction of the earthquake. It was made of fine copper, and looked like a big cup with a lid.--Luo Yuqing (talk) 02:34, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Gan Fengyu 甘奉玉

1:高安采茶戏在新中国成立以来得到了飞速的发展,其规模和剧团产出都是前所未有的,但是随着经济的高速发展,高安采茶戏逐渐失去了原有的庞大市场,逐渐转入低潮。 After the founding of New China, Gao'an's caicha opera had a rapid growth including its unprecedented scales and troupes. However, with the extrordinary development of economy,it comed to lose its original market and turned to recession.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 06:25, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

2:一种文化能够传承千百年毕竟有它的独到之处。生活在忙碌的都市，跻身于浮泛的人海，又有多少时候能像今天这样宁静地与先人、与自己的心灵对话？ A culture, which has passed down for thousands of years, is definitely unique. We all live in a busy world and submerge in the crowd. But how many times can we communicate with our ancestors,and our soul in a peaceful way as we do in this day?--Gan Fengyu (talk) 06:25, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

3:造纸术作为中国四大发明之一，在古代中国文化传播甚至世界文化传播过程中占据了独一无二的位置。 As one of The Four Great Inventions of Ancient China, the papermaking technology has a unique position in disseminating Chinese cuilture and even the world culture at that time.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 06:25, 25 September 2020 (UTC)--Zhang Yu (talk) 07:57, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

3:造纸术作为中国四大发明之一，在古代中国文化传播甚至世界文化传播过程中占据了独一无二的位置。 As one of The Four Great Inventions, papermaking occupies a dominant position in disseminating Chinese culture and even the world culture at that time.--Tang Bei (talk) 14:03, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Gao Mingzhu 高明珠

中国地震多发的主要原因是————位于亚欧板块、太平洋板块、印度洋板块三大板块交界地带附近，位于世界两大地震带交会处。 China locates near the border of Eurasian plate—Pacific plate—Indian Ocean plate and at the junction of the two major world seismic zones, which is the main reason of frequent earthquakes in China. 腊八节是十二月初八，古代称为“腊日”，腊八是古代欢庆丰收，感谢祖先和神灵的祭祀仪式，夏代称腊日为“嘉平”，商代为“清祀”，周代为“大蜡”，又因在十二月举行，故称改月为腊月。 Laba Festival is on the 8th day of the 12th lunar month, which was called "Lari"(ri means day) in ancient times. Laba was originally a sacrificial ceremony to celebrate a good harvest of the year and appreciate our ancients as well as the gods. Lari was called "Jiaping"(it refers to the 12th lunar month) in Xia dynasty(2070-1600BC), "Qingsi"(it refers to the 12th lunar month) in Shang dynasty(1600-1046BC), and "Dala"(it refers to a famous sacrificial ceremony) in Zhou dynasty(1046-256BC). As Laba Festival is hold in the 12th lunar month, the month is also called "Layue"(yue means month). 在计算工具方面，殷商时就发明了“算筹”，算筹是圆形小竹棍，以后有了骨制、铁制的，以算筹表示数目，有纵、横两种形式，如“2”可表示为“=”或“||”。 As for calculation tools, dating back to the Yin and Shang periods(1766-1122BC), Chinese ancients invented "Suanchou", which were small round bamboo sticks and transformed into bone sticks and iron sticks afterwards. It was used to count numbers with two representing forms—— being horizontal or vertical. For example, two could be represented as "=" or "||".--Gao Mingzhu (talk) 12:29, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu

Gu Dongfang 顾东方

湖南是中国革命的摇篮。从这片红色的土地，走出了新中国的主要缔造者毛泽东同志，以及3位开国元帅、6位开国大将等一大批为国为民的革命家。 Hunan gives birth to China's revolution. It was home to Mao Zedong ,the main founder of new China, and many revolotionaries who dedicated themselves to the nation ,including three founding marshals and six founding generals the People's Republic. Hunan is the cradle of Chinese revolution. This revolutionary place is home to a large number of revolutionists who dedicated themselves to the nation and the well-being of people, such as the main founder of New China, Mao Zedong, three founding marshals and six founding generals of the People’s Republic.--Zhao Xi (talk) 07:48, 25 September 2020 (UTC) Hunan gives birth to Chinese revolution. It was home to Mao Zedong ,the main founder of the People's Republic, and many revolotionaries who dedicated themselves to the nation ,including three founding marshals and six founding generals.--XieFan (talk) 08:37, 25 September 2020 (UTC) 元宵节那天，人们在家中或者街道上挂满花灯。花灯琳琅满目，多种多样，上面画着飞鸟、鲤鱼、烟花等，处处洋溢着欢乐的氛围。 People hang lanterns everywhere on Lantern Festival ,in their houses and their streets. The lanterns feature various characters, like flying birds ,leaping fishes ,and shining fireworks, showing an atomosphere of joy. On the Lantern Festival, people hang lanterns in the house or streets. A variety of lanterns feature differently, such as flying birds, leaping fishes, and shining fireworks, showing an atmosphere of joy.--Zhao Xi (talk) 07:48, 25 September 2020 (UTC) People hang lanterns everywhere on Lantern Festival ,both at their home and on the streets. The lanterns feature various characters, like flying birds ,leaping fishes ,and shining fireworks, showing an atomosphere of joy. --XieFan (talk) 08:37, 25 September 2020 (UTC) 很久很久以前，古人们通过“观天象”推测明日的风云变化，于是有了，“天上钩钩云，地上雨淋淋”这样的谚语 In olden times,the ancients gauged the weather by staing the sky. So saying like "circus in the sky ,rain on the earth"were widely spread by the word of mouth. Once upon a time, the ancients gauged tomorrow weather by observing the sky, so there are such a saying as “circus in the sky, rain on the earth”.--Zhao Xi (talk) 07:48, 25 September 2020 (UTC) In olden times,the ancients judged the weather from the sky. So saying like "clouds in the sky ,rain on the earth"were widely spread.--XieFan (talk) 08:37, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Guan Qinqing 管钦清

Gui Yizhi 桂一枝

Guo Lu 郭露

A.中国海陆位置优越，多天然良港，交通便利，是世界航空船舶的重要枢纽之一。

With advantageous geographical location and convenient transportation, China boasts quality natural ports and is one of the major hub for global aviation and shipping.

B.庆祝中秋节的活动可以追溯到二千多年以前。

Mid-Autumn Festival celebration can be traced back to more than 2000 years ago.

C.《金刚经》是世界上现存最早的有明确时间记载的印刷品。

The Diamond Sutra is the world’s earliest printed book on record.--Guo Lu (talk) 02:08, 26 September 2020 (UTC)

He Changqi 何长琦

桂林是中国最美丽的城市，整个桂林城就在青山绿水的环抱之中，清澈的漓江静静地从桂林穿过，江水倒映出两岸秀丽的山峰。
Guilin, the most beautiful city in China, is surrounded by green mountains and lucid water. The Li river, running serenely through the entire city, reflects the graceful peaks along the banks.

在时间和生命意识上，在辞旧迎新、驱除邪崇的同时，春节表达人们对于新年的祝福和对未来生活的美好期待，受中华文化的影响，中国周边一些国家和民族也有庆祝春节的习俗。
In terms of time and life,besides representing the end of the past and beginning of the new and the dispelling of the ominous things,Spring Festival reflects the best wishes for the coming year and a sincere hope for the future. Affected by Chinese culture,some of the neighbour countries adopted the convention of celebrating Spring Festival as well.

火药的诞生很偶然，一个炼丹术师炼丹药时发明了火药。唐朝末年，火药用于打仗。12世纪，火药传播到阿拉伯国家，之后是欧洲国家，最后传播到了全世界。
Gunpowder was invented accidentally by an alchemist when he attempted to transform the mineral substance into magical medicines. In the late Tang Dynasty,gunpowder was widely applied in military.In the 12th century,it was introduced to the Arab countries,then spread to Europe and finally known by the whole world--He Changqi (talk) 06:20, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 08:07, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

He Changqi 何长琦

Hu Baihui 胡百辉

Hu Jin 胡瑾

Jiang Fengyi 蒋凤仪

Jiang Qiwei 蒋淇玮

1.中国位于亚洲东部、太平洋的西岸。领土辽阔广大，陆地面积约960万平方千米，居世界第3位，约等于欧洲整体面积。中国地势西高东低，呈阶梯状分布，山地、高原面积广大，气温降水的组合多种多样，形成了多样的气候。 China is situated in the east Asia and the west bank of the Pacific. Covering about 9.6 million square kilometers, it ranks third in the world, whose land area is nearly the equal of that of the whole Europe. China is high in the west while low in the east, showing the ladder-shaped topography. It holds a large area of mountainous region and plateau. Besides, China's climate is rather diverse, owing to its changeable temperature and percipitation. 2.阴晴圆缺都休说，且喜人间好时节。 Regardless of the waxing and waning of the moon, let us celebrate the joyous Mid-Autumn Festival. 3.指南针是中国古代四大发明之一，是中国古代劳动人民在长期的实践中对磁石磁性认识的结果，对人类的科学技术和文明的发展起了无可估量的作用。 Compass is one of the Four Great Inventions of ancient China. It is the fruit of ancient Chinese people's understanding towards the magnetism of magnets, which derived from long-term practice. And It plays a vital role in our development of science, technology and civilization.--Jiang Qiwei (talk) 09:37, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Kang Haoyu 康浩宇

井冈山是中国革命的摇篮，江西南昌是中国人民解放军的诞生地。红色文化，又使江西比起古代的江南风情，更多了一分铿锵。Jinggangshan is the cradle of modern Chinese revolution and Nanchang is the birthplace of People's Liberation Army. The red culture has made Jiangxi Province more tough than it in ancient times.--Kang Haoyu (talk) 09:20, 24 September 2020 (UTC)--Kang Haoyu (talk) 09:20, 24 September 2020 (UTC) The red culture has made Jiangxi Province more tough than it was in ancient times.--Luo Weijia (talk) 01:23, 25 September 2020 (UTC) 祖

七月半属于非物质文化遗产，是一种文化，是追怀先人既古老又现代的一种传统，这一传统体现了古人“慎终追远”思想，其文化核心是敬祖尽孝。 As a kind of culture, Hungry Ghost Festival belongs to intangible cultural heritage. It's such a tradition, both ancient and modern, for people to reminisce their ancestors. With Worship ancestors and filial piety as the core culture, the tradition shows ancient people's thought of carefully attending to the funeral rites of parents and following them when gone with due sacrifices.--Kang Haoyu (talk) 14:02, 24 September 2020 (UTC)

张衡为中国天文学、机械技术、地震学的发展作出了杰出的贡献，发明了浑天仪、地动仪，是东汉中期浑天说的代表人物之一。 As one of the representatives of the theory of sphere-heavens in the middle Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Heng invented the armillary sphere and seismograph, making outstanding contributions to the development of astronomy, mechanical technology and seismology in China.--Kang Haoyu (talk) 14:02, 24 September 2020 (UTC)

Lei Fangyuan 雷方圆

1、“地理”一词最早见于中国《易经》。古代的地理学主要探索关于地球形状、大小有关的测量方法，或对已知的地区和国家进行描述。 “Geography”-the word was first found in the Chinese Book of Changes.Ancient geography mainly explores the measurement of the shape or size of the Earth, or the description of known areas and countries. 2、元宵习俗，中国民间习俗，全国各地习俗不尽相同，其中吃汤圆，赏花灯，舞龙，舞狮子等是元宵节几项重要民间习俗。 Lantern festival customs, Chinese folk customs, customs across all over the country are not the same, including eating TangYuan, enjoying Lanterns, dragon and lion dances are some important folk customs of the Lantern Festival. 3、中国古代科技源于生活，而生活需要各种实用技术。造纸、印刷、纺织、陶瓷、冶铸、建筑等中国人引以为豪的发明无不带有鲜明的实用烙印。 Chinese ancient science and technology originated from life, and life needs all kinds of practical technology. Paper, printing brush, textile, ceramics, metallurgy, architecture and other Chinese people proud of the invention has a distinctive practical brand.--Lei Fangyuan (talk) 07:20, 25 September 2020 (UTC) 1、“地理”一词最早见于中国《易经》。古代的地理学主要探索关于地球形状、大小有关的测量方法，或对已知的地区和国家进行描述。 “Geography” was first found in the Chinese Book of Changes.Ancient geography mainly explored the measurement methods in terms of the shape or size of the Earth, or the description of known areas and countries. 2、元宵习俗，中国民间习俗，全国各地习俗不尽相同，其中吃汤圆，赏花灯，舞龙，舞狮子等是元宵节几项重要民间习俗。 There are no any similarities among Lantern Festival customs, Chinese folk customs and ones across China.And customs, such as eating TangYuan, enjoying flower lanterns, dragon and lion dancing, are several important folk customs during the Lantern Festival. 3、中国古代科技源于生活，而生活需要各种实用技术。造纸、印刷、纺织、陶瓷、冶铸、建筑等中国人引以为豪的发明无不带有鲜明的实用烙印。 Ancient Chinese science and technology originated from life and life needed all kinds of practical technologies. So inventions that Chinese people are proud of,including papermaking, printing, textile, ceramics, metallurgy, and architecture, were clearly imprinted with practical application.--Li LIli (talk) 10:54, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Li Lili

Lei Kuangxi 雷旷溪

Li Lili 李丽丽

1.杭州素以美丽的山水著称，中国古代有句谚语“上有天堂，下有苏杭”，表达了古往今来人们对于这座美丽城市的由衷赞美。

Hangzhou has a reputation for its extraordinary lakes and hills. As a Chinese saying goes,"Above,there is heaven;below, there are Hangzhou and Suzhou",which shows people’s admiration for the beautiful city.

2.重阳节早在战国时期就已经形成，到了唐代，重阳被正式定为民间的节日，此后历朝历代沿袭至今。 Double Ninth Festival was formed as early as the Warring States Period. In the Tang Dynasty, it was officially designated as a folk festival, which has been followed by successive dynasties since then. 3.据《梦溪笔谈》载，毕昇曾试验以木为原料制作活字，而未成功，毕昇才改木为泥发明用泥制作活字。公元1041~1048年，毕昇终于成功地发明了泥活字印刷，提高了印刷的效率。但是，他的发明并未受到当时统治者和社会的重视。 According to Dream Pool Essays, Bi Sheng tried to make movable type with wood as raw material, but failed.Then Bi Sheng replaced wood with clay and invented making movable type with mud. From 1041 to 1048, Bi Sheng succeeded in inventing clay movable type printing, which improved the printing efficiency. However, his invention did not receive the attention of the rulers and society at that time.--Li LIli (talk) 15:43, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Li Lili

Li Liqin 李丽琴

中国地理环境复杂，植物种类丰富多样,其丰富的自然和人文景观以及古老而璀璨的文化无不吸引着来自世界各地的游客。 China has a complicated geographical environment with a variety of plants. Moreover, its abundant natural and cultural landscapes as well as the splendid ancient history attract tourists from all around the world. --Li Liqin (talk) 02:45, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

清明节是我国的传统节日之一，距今已有两千多年的历史。这个节日既有祭扫祖坟生离死别的悲伤，又有踏青游玩的欢乐，是个富有特色的节日。 As an important traditional festival in China, the Tomb-Sweeping Day has a history of more than 2000 years. Grave feeling of sadness to sacrifice ancestors and the joy of playing out are both the characteristics of the festival. --Li Liqin (talk) 02:45, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

中国古代四大发明分别是造纸术、印刷术、火药和指南针。在物质文明方面，中国的四大发明曾改变世界的历史发展进程, 至今都令我们自豪。 The Four Great Inventions of ancient China are papermaking, printing, gunpowder and the compass. In terms of material civilization, the Four Great Inventions had advanced the development of the world history and have been our pride till today. --Li Liqin (talk) 02:45, 25 September 2020 (UTC) 中国古代四大发明分别是造纸术、印刷术、火药和指南针。在物质文明方面，中国的四大发明曾改变世界的历史发展进程, 至今都令我们自豪。 The Four Great Inventions of ancient China are papermaking, printing, gunpowder and the compass. In terms of material civilization, the Four Great Inventions advanced the development of the world history and have been our pride till today.--Zhang Yujie (talk) 09:49, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

中国古代四大发明分别是造纸术、印刷术、火药和指南针。在物质文明方面，中国的四大发明曾改变世界的历史发展进程, 至今都令我们自豪。

The Four Great Inventions refer to the inventions of paper, printing, dynamite and compass. In terms of material civilization, the Four Great Inventions have advanced the development of the world history and have been our pride till today.--Tang Bei (talk) 13:46, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Liu Liu 刘柳

Liu Ou 刘欧

白云山，位于广东省广州市白云区，为南粤名山之一，自古就有“羊城第一秀”之称。面积20.98平方公里，主峰摩星岭高382米。 Baiyun Mountain, one of the famous mountains of Guangdong Province, locates in the Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province. It was renowned as a beautiful spot of Guangzhou since the ancient time. It covers 20.98 kilometers and its highest peak Moxing Ling is 382 meters.

农历九月初九是重阳节。重阳节，又称“踏秋”，汉族传统节日。庆祝重阳节一般包括出游赏景、登高远眺、观赏菊花、遍插茱萸、吃重阳糕、饮菊花酒等活动。 Chongyang Festival (or Double Ninth Festival), a traditional festival of Han nationality, falls on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar year. It is also called Ta Qiu (tread on the autumn day). In that day, people always go hiking, climb the mountains, observe the chrysanthemums, pick the cornel to wear it on head, eat the Chongyang cake and drink the chrysanthemums wine.

水车，灌溉工具，是古代中国劳动人民，充分利用水力发展出来的一种运转机械。根据文献记载，水车大约东汉时期出现。水车作为中国农耕文化的重要组成部分，它体现了中华民族的创造力，见证了中国农业文明，为水利研究史提供了见证。水车的发明奠定了人民安居乐业、社会和谐稳定的基础。 Waterwheel, an irrigation machine ran by waterpower, which was invented by the ancient Chinese people. According to the documents, the waterwheel was appeared in the Eastern Han Dynasty. As an important part of the Chinese Farming Culture, it represents the creativity of the Chinese people and provided a witness of the Chinese irrigation history. It also laid a foundation of people’s wellbeing and the stability of the society.--Liu Ou (talk) 13:08, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Liu Yi 刘艺

Liu Yiyu 刘怡瑜

Lou Cancan 娄灿灿

Luo Weijia 罗维嘉

中国得天独厚，大部分地区土地肥沃，气候温和。 Nature is generous in giving most of China plenty of fertile soil, along with a climate that is most moderately.

清明节起源于寒食节，用以纪念春秋时期晋国大臣介子推。 Tomb-Sweeping Day originated from the Cold Food Festival which remembered Jie Zitui, a nobleman of the State of Jin during the Spring and Autumn Period.

中国人不仅是火箭的发明者，而且还是首先企图利用固体燃料火箭将人载到空中去的幻想者。The Chinese not only invented the rocket but also the first to fantasize about using the solid rocket to carry man into space.--Luo Weijia (talk) 01:08, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

中国得天独厚，大部分地区土地肥沃，气候温和。 China is blessed with fertile soil and temperate climate in most areas.--Yang Yue (talk) 02:36, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

清明节起源于寒食节，用以纪念春秋时期晋国大臣介子推。 Tomb-Sweeping Day originated from the Cold Food Festival in memory of Jie Zitui, a minister of the State of Jin during the Spring and Autumn Period.--Yang Yue (talk) 02:45, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

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1.中国得天独厚，大部分地区土地肥沃，气候温和。 Richly endowed by nature, China has fertile land and mild weather in most areas.

2.清明节起源于寒食节，用以纪念春秋时期晋国大臣介子推。 Originated from Cold Food Day, Tomb Sweeping Day is celebrated to memorize Jie Zitui, a minister of the State of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period.

3.中国人不仅是火箭的发明者，而且还是首先企图利用固体燃料火箭将人载到空中去的幻想者。Chinese people is not only the inventor of rocket, but also the dreamer who firstly attempts to send men into space by solid-fuel rockets. --Wu Yilu (talk) 13:52, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Luo Yuqing 罗雨晴

衡阳历史悠久、山水优美，以石鼓书院为代表的人文景观与以南岳衡山为代表的自然景观遍布。

Hengyang boasts its long history , beautiful mountains and rivers. The humanistic landscape represented by Shi-gu Academy and the natural landscape represented by Mount Heng(one of the Five Great Mountains of China) are everywhere.--Tan Yuanyuan (talk) 03:15, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

中秋节以月之圆象征人之团圆，为寄托思念故乡，思念亲人之情，祈盼丰收、幸福，是丰富多彩、弥足珍贵的文化遗产。

The Mid Autumn Festival symbolizes the reunion of people with the full moon. It is a colorful and precious cultural heritage for cherishing the feeling of missing hometown and relatives and praying for harvest and happiness.

古代科技内容上主要集中于与农业有关的农学、天文历法以及医学等方面，应用性强，但是对事物发展规律的探索不够。

The content of ancient science and technology mainly focused on astronomy relating to agriculture , calendar, medicine and so on, which had strong applicability but scant exploration on the law of development.--Luo Yuqing (talk) 02:22, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Mo Ling 莫玲

1.中国地势西高东低，呈阶梯状分布。山地、高原面积广大。东西相距约5000千米。

 China's terrain is high in the West and low in the East, with a distribution like stairs. The areas of mountains and plateaus are vast and the distance from the East to the West is about 5 kilometres.

2.春节是中华民族最隆重的传统佳节，它不仅集中体现了中华民族的思想信仰和理想愿望，而且还是祈福攘灾、饮食和娱乐活动的狂欢式展示。

 The Spring Festival is the most solemn traditional festival of the Chinese nation. It not only embodies the Chinese nation's ideology and belief, ideals and aspirations, but also a carnival display of praying for blessings and dispelling bad luck, food and entertainment activities.

3.历法是中国古代天文学的重要内容，它不仅包括年、月、日、时、节气的安排，还包括日、月、行星运动，交食，晷影，漏刻，恒星出没，天空分区，等等。

 Calendar is an important content of ancient Chinese astronomy. It includes not only the arrangement of year, month, day, hour and solar term, but also the movement of sun, moon and planets, eclipses, sundial shadows, clepsydra, star occurrence and sky division, etc.--Mo Ling (talk) 09:05, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Mo Ling

1. China's terrain is high in the West and low in the East, with a stairs-like distribution. The areas of mountains and plateaus are vast and the distance from the East to the West is about 5 kilometers. 2.The Spring Festival is the most solemn traditional festival of the Chinese nation. It not only embodies the Chinese nation's ideology and belief, ideals and aspirations, but also is a carnival display of praying for blessings and dispelling bad luck, food and entertainment activities.--Gao Mingzhu (talk) 12:49, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu 1.中国地势西高东低，呈阶梯状分布。山地、高原面积广大。东西相距约5000千米。 1.The major land of China is distributed like stairs,with its western areas higher than the east ones.Mountains and plateaus cover a huge area of the land ,and the distance from the East to the West is about 5 kilometres.--Wu Zijia (talk) 14:44, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Wu Zijia

Ouyang Ling 欧阳玲

1.黄河是一条长5464公里的大河，它是世界上第五大河。它从青藏高原一路东去，像一条长龙，穿越中国九个省区，最后注入渤海。富含泥沙的河水淤积成肥沃的土壤，孕育了中华文明。

The Yellow River is 5464 kilometres long, ranking fifth in the world. Originating in the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau, it flows east through nine proviinces and empties into the Bohai Sea. The rich silt carried by the Yellow River formed fertile farmland that is the birthplace of Chinese culture. --Jiang Qiwei (talk) 09:52, 25 September 2020 (UTC)The Yellow River is 5464 kilometres long, ranking fifth in the world. Originated in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, it flows east through nine provinces into the Bohai Sea. The rich silt carried by the Yellow River formed fertile land, which is the birthplace of Chinese culture.--Jiang Qiwei (talk) 09:52, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

2.中秋节是一个全家团圆的节日，按照中国的农历，每年的八月十五，月圆的那天就是中秋节。就算是那些无法回家的人，也会在中秋节那天抬头望向那一轮圆圆的明月，寄托对故乡的思念。这是海内外中国人的共同情感，就像中国的一首著名的诗里所说的，“海上生明月，天涯共此时”。

The Mid-autumn Festival is a festival for families to get together in China. It falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month when the full moon returns to the sky. Those who cannot return home look at the round and bright moon and think of their family. Chinese people all around the world shrare the same emotion, and just like an ancient Chinese poem says, the moon was rising from the sea and all the people were sharing this moment.

3.古代的指南针像一把汤勺,把它放在平滑的盘子上，依靠磁铁的原理，勺柄就会指向南方。后来人们用小小的钢针代替了汤勺，指南针就更轻便了。600多年前，郑和先后七次下西洋，便是依靠了指南针导航。

The ancient compass, Zhinanzhen, looked like a spoon. When the spoon was put on a plate, its handle could point to the south using magnetic fields. Then Chinese used a little steel needle to replace the spoon and this made the Zhinanzhen easier to carry. More than 600 years ago, Zheng He, a famous eunuch of the Ming Dynasty, traveled to Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean seven times with the help of the Zhinanzhen. --Ouyang Ling

Peng Ruihong 彭锐宏

Qu Miao 瞿淼

Shi Haiyao 石海瑶

Si Yu 司妤

Tan Yuanyuan 谭媛媛

台湾海峡位于福建省和台湾省之间，从南到北连接着南海和东海，是中国的海上运输的重要通道，人们称它为“海上走廊”。 Situated between the Fujian Province and Taiwan Province,Taiwan Strait is an important channel for China's maritime transportation connecting South China Sea and East China Sea from south to north,and people call it the "Sea Corridor."

民俗学家们常说，中秋节直到明朝才具备“团圆”的节日内涵，但从殷文圭的诗句看，虽然唐朝时中秋还未正式成为一个节日，但中秋在当时人们心中，已然有了团圆的象征。 Folklorists often say that the Mid-Autumn Festival did not have the connotation of "reunion" until the Ming Dynasty. However, according to Yin Wengui's poems, although Mid-Autumn Festival had not officially become a festival in the Tang Dynasty, that day had already become the symbol of reunion in the hearts of people at that time.

大约在西汉时期有人造出一种“指南车”，这种两轮的车在行走中无论如何转弯，车上的指示器始终指向事先设定的方向。 Around the West Han Dynasty, there was a man-made "guide car".No matter how the car turned,the indicator on this kind of two-wheeled car always pointed at the direction set in advance.--Tan Yuanyuan (talk) 03:04, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Tang Bei 汤蓓

往古之时，四极废，九州裂，天不兼覆，地不周载；火爁焱而不灭，水浩洋而不息；猛兽食颛民，鸷鸟攫老弱。

In ancient times, the four corners of the sky collapsed and the world with its nine regions split open. The sky could not cover all the things under it, nor could the Earth carry all the things on it. A great fire raged and would not die out; a fierce flood raced about and could not be checked. Savage beats devoured innocent people; vicious birds preyed on the weak and old.

浮游逍遥，道鬼神，登九天，朝帝於灵门，宓穆休於太祖之下。

Floating freely over the clouds, she took ghosts and gods to the ninth heaven and had an audience with the Heavenly Emperor at Ling Men, where she rested in peace and dignity under the emperor.

女娲不彰其功，不扬其声，隐真人之道，以从天地之固然。

Nuwa never boasted of her achievements, nor did she try to win any renown; she wanted to conceal her virtues, in line with the ways of universe.--Tang Bei (talk) 13:23, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Tang Yiran 汤伊然

尘烟滚滚，人声嘈杂，夜色愈深，一切都陷入混乱之中。 As the night grew darker, flinging dust, billowing smoke and uproars send everything into a mess.----Tang Yiran1 (talk) 11:45, 24 September 2020 (UTC)

几百万年前，青藏高原隆起，地球历史上此一重大地壳运动形成了中国的地貌。从空中俯瞰中国大地，地势就像阶梯一样，自西向东，逐渐下降。 Millions years ago, the uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau—a historic crustal movement forges the landforms of China. An overlook in the air shows us a ladder-like terrain, falling off from the western towards eastern land of China.--Tang Yiran1 (talk) 09:14, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

上巳(sì)节，俗称三月三，汉民族传统节日。上巳节的历史由来已久，在上古时代上巳已成为大规模的民俗节日，春和景明，人们走出家门，集于水边，举行清除不祥的祓除仪式。 Shangsi Festival, also known as the Double Third Day, is one of the traditional festivals of the Chinese Nation. It had developed into a large-scale folk celebration in ancient times and boasts a long history. On this day, with gorgeous vernal scenery, people would go for outings and gather at the riverside, invoking cleansing rituals to prevent disease and getting rid of bad luck.--Tang Yiran1 (talk) 09:14, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

地动仪是中国汉朝东汉科学家张衡创造的传世杰作，其有八个方位，每个方位上均有口含龙珠的龙头，在每条龙头的下方都有一只蟾蜍与其对应。任何一方如有地震发生，该方向龙口所含龙珠即落入蟾蜍口中，由此便可测出发生地震的方向。 The Seismograph was a great invention by Zhang Heng, a Chinese scientist in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Outside the apparatus are eight dragons holding bronze balls in mouth towards eight directions. Right below these dragons are toads sitting on the pedestal. If there were an earthquake, accordingly, the dragon towards the certain direction would send the ball into the mouth of toad below it. In this way, the direction of earthquake can be pointed out.--Tang Yiran1 (talk) 09:13, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Wang Meiling 王美玲

1. 英国是位于西欧的一个岛国，是由大不列颠岛上英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士以及爱尔兰岛东北部的北爱尔兰共同组成的一个联邦制岛国。英国被北海、英吉利海峡、凯尔特海、爱尔兰海和大西洋包围。东临北海，面对比利时、荷兰、德国、丹麦和挪威等国；西邻爱尔兰，横隔大西洋与美国、加拿大遥遥相对。 Located in Western Europe,Britain is a federal island country composed of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland in the northeast of Ireland. Britain is surrounded by the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea, the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Britain, to whose east is the North Sea, faces Belgium, Holland, Germany, Denmark and Norway in the East.With Ireland on its west, it faces the United States and Canada across the Atlantic Ocean at quite a distance. 2. 安史之乱是中国唐代玄宗末年至代宗初年(755年12月16日至763年2月17日)由唐朝将领安禄山与史思明背叛唐朝后发动的战争，是同唐朝争夺统治权的内战，为唐由盛而衰的转折点。这场内战使得唐朝人口大量丧失，国力锐减。因为发起反唐叛乱的指挥官以安禄山与史思明二人为主，因此事件被冠以安史之名。又由于其爆发于唐玄宗天宝年间，也称天宝之乱。 The Anshi rebellion was a war launched by Tang generals An Lushan and Shi Siming after their betraying Tang Dynasty from the last years of Xuanzong to the first years of Daizong in Tang Dynasty(December 16, AD 755 to February 17, AD 763). It was a civil war waged for seizing the right of domination with the Tang Dynasty, which was the turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline. The civil war claimed a great quantity of population and a sharp declination in national strength of the Tang Dynasty. The commanders of the anti Tang rebellion were headed by an Lushan and Shi Siming, for which the incident was named after Anshi. Bursting out in the Tianbao period of Tang Dynasty Emperor Xuanzong , it was also called Tianbao rebellion. 3.每年端午节起至农历五月尾是贵州苗族龙舟节。云贵一带，在气候上雨旱季十分分明，在旱季里，雨水尤为珍贵。因此，苗人划龙舟多与天气和农事活动密切相关。龙舟比赛通常都会有驱旱求雨、庆祝插秧成功、预祝五谷丰登等实际意义。 From the Dragon Boat Festival to the end of the fifth month of the lunar calendar, the Miao nationality celebrates Dragon Boat Festival in Guizhou.Yungui area is distinctive in its monsoon and dry season in terms of the climate.When it comes to its dry season, rain appears particularly precious. Therefore, Miao people rowing dragon boats are closely related to the weather and agricultural activities.The dragon boat race usually has practical significance, such as dispersing drought and seeking rain, celebrating the success of transplanting rice seedlings beforehand, and praying for a bumper grain harvest.--Wang Meiling (talk) 13:59, 25 September 2020 (UTC)王美玲

Wang Xuan 王轩

Wu Qiong 吴琼

Wu Yilu 吴一露

1.1978年11月，中国政府决定在西北、华北和东北实施“三北”防护林体系建设工程。这项被称为“绿色长城”的生态建设工程延绵4480公里，是世界上最大的生态建设工程。 In November, 1978, China’s government has decided to implement the "Three-North Protection Forest System" in the northwest, north and northeast China. This ecological conservation project, known as Green Great Wall，extends 4，480 kilometers, so it is the world’s largest ecological construction project.

2.每年农历5月24日至27日，几十个村寨相继举行龙船节。当地习惯，从16日开始，只要全寨薅完秧，本寨的龙船便可下水。 The Miao Dragon-Boat Festival is celebrated from the 24th to the 27th of the fifth lunar month. According to local custom， people are allowed to send their dragon boats down the river after the 16th， only if they have finished weeding their fields.

3. 上海博物馆展出一件铜镜--“透光镜”，它是西汉时期的珍品，直径为11.5厘米。这面铜镜与普通铜镜一样，背面有图案，还有铭文。 There is a treasure of the Western Han Period exhibited in Shanghai Museum— the"penetrative bronze mirror", measuring 11.5 cm in diameter. It is similar to ordinary bronze mirrors bearing patterns and inscriptions on the back.--Wu Yilu (talk) 13:24, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Wu Zijia 吴子佳

1.中国的国旗是五星红旗，五颗黄色星星一大四小，小星呈弧形环绕在大星右侧，同时红色象征着革命。 The national flag of China is the Five-star Red Flag ,and there is one big yellow star with four small ones encircled on its right in the shape of an arch,and red is a symbol of revolution.

2.不同地区的彩灯风格迥异，陕北的农民用南瓜做灯笼，用棉花等材料做成羊头形状。 Different regions have different lanterns.Farmers in the northern Shaanxi province will make lanterns with pumpkins and will decorate the lanterns with some materials such as cotton to make them look like sheep's heads.

3.自改革开放以来,世界也见证着中国的高速发展与变化,并出现了新的四大发明--高铁、手机支付、共享单车以及网上购物。 Since the start of reform and opening up,the world has witnessed a lot of changes and rapid growth in China ,including the new four great inventions--high-speed railway,mobile payments,bike-sharing and online shopping.--Wu Zijia (talk) 12:30, 25 September 2020 (UTC)吴子佳

Xiao Shuangling 肖双玲

Xiao Ting 肖婷

Xie Fan 解帆

湖南省位于我国中部、长江中游，因大部分区域处于洞庭湖以南而得名“湖南”。 Hunan Province lies in central China and along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. It is named after its greater parts located at the south of Dongting Lake.("Hu"means "lake" and "nan" means "south" in Chinese.)--XieFan (talk) 07:38, 25 September 2020 (UTC) Hunan Province lies in central China and along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.It is named so as it's largely located at the south of Dongting Lake.--Chen Jingjing (talk) 13:42, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing 中秋节月亮圆满，象征团圆，因而又叫“团圆节”。 At the Mid-Autumn Festival nights, the moon is at its full. It is believed that the moon's shape stands for reunion, therefore, that day is called "Reunion Festival" as well.--XieFan (talk) 07:38, 25 September 2020 (UTC) At the Mid-Autumn Festival nights,the moon is at its full,which stands for reunion,thus being called "Reunion Festival" as well.--Chen Jingjing (talk) 13:42, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing 四大发明是中国古代先民为世界留下的一串光耀的足迹，是人类文明进步作出巨大贡献的象征。 The four great inventions of ancient China are the brilliant footprint left by Chinese in ancient times and the symbol of great contributions to human civilization.--XieFan (talk) 07:38, 25 September 2020 (UTC) The four great inventions are the brilliant footprints left by Chinese in ancient times and the symbol of great contributions made from the progress of human civilization.--Chen Jingjing (talk) 13:42, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing

Xu Jia 徐佳

Xu Jing 许静

Yang Chenting 杨晨婷

道教文化是华夏文明的底色，也是人类文明的留白之处，好象宇宙的空间地带，虽然不可及，却支撑着整个宇宙。 Taoist culture plays an essential part in Chinese civilization, as well as a reservation of human civilization. It’s like an empty space in the universe, which was far away, but supports the whole universe.

和谐是人类的基本目标,安居乐业，也就是和谐社会的基本景象，向来都是一个国家人民生活的基本条件。 Harmony is the basic pursue of human beings. A pleasant living and working space for people is also the basic demand of a harmonious society, which will always be a basic condition for a country’ s people to live.

老子的《道德经》是汉民族第一部研究伦理道德的专著 ,《道经》主要揭示天道自然观 ,《德经》则专指社会人生观。 Moral Classic is the first book studying ethics of Han Nationality. Dao Jing is about the view point of the universe and De Jing is about the society. --Yang chenting (talk) 08:49, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Yang chenting

Yang Hairong 杨海容

Yang Hui 阳慧

Yang Yue 杨悦

噫吁嚱，危乎高哉！蜀道之难，难于上青天！ Alas! What height and how perilous! The journey to the Sichuan Road is more difficult than climbing Heaven!--Yang Yue (talk) 02:37, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全。但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。 People may have sorrow and joy and they part and get together again.The moon sometimes dims or shines and sometimes waxes or wanes. This matter cannot be perfect in all ages. We wish you a long life so as to share the beauty of this moon even though we are thousands of miles apart.--Yang Yue (talk) 02:37, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

印刷术的出现，加快了文化传播，改变了欧洲只有上等人才能读书的状况。 The advent of printing accelerated the spread of culture and changed the situation that only the upper class in Europe could receive education.--Yang Yue (talk) 02:27, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

The advent of printing accelerated the spread of culture, thus changing the situation in Europe where only the upper class has access to education. --Li Liqin (talk) 02:51, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Yang Ziling 杨子泠

中秋之夜，举杯团圆，叶已纷飞情义绵延。 On Mid-Autumn night, people propose a toast to the reunion when leaves are falling and people are happily gathering.

海南岛轮廓形似一个椭圆形大雪梨，地势四周低平，中间高耸，属热带海洋性季风气候，全年暖热，雨量充沛。 The outline of Hainan Island resembles a large oval-shaped pear. The terrain is low and flat all around and high in the middle. It has a tropical maritime monsoon climate, warm and hot throughout the year with abundant rainfall.--Yang Ziling (talk) 03:12, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

新年到，老幼尽开颜。倒数声声天地响，腾星点点世人欢。守夜不思眠。 When New Year comes, the young and the old are happy. The countdown sounds loudly and the whole town is immersed in a festival atmosphere when people stay awake all night long.--Yang Ziling (talk) 06:48, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Yi Zichu 义子楚

1. 青藏高原约占中国领土面积的四分之一，其中大部分地区非常偏远，不适宜人类居住 The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is about one quarter of China's territory，and much of it is extremely remote and inhospitable 2. 七夕节来源于牛郎织女的传说。相传，每逢七月初七，人间的喜鹊就要飞到天上去，在银河为牛郎织女搭鹊桥约会 Double Seventh Day comes from the legendary story of the Cowherd and the Weaving Girl. During the day，many magpies would fly to the Milky Way to build a bridge for them to date 3. 在古代，刺绣只由特权阶级特享，象征较高的社会地位 In ancient times, embroidery could be enjoyed only by the privileged class and symbolized their high social status.--Yi Zichu (talk) 08:19, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

You Yuting 游雨婷

1.五千年的华夏文明孕育了我们祖国灿烂的历史文化，大自然的鬼斧神工雕刻出了神州大地山绝石险的自然奇观。我们的祖国宽广博大、秀丽天成、历史悠久。 Five thousand years of Chinese civilization gave birth to the splendid history and culture of our motherland, and in a magical way nature has carved out the natural wonders of the land of China. Our country is broad and beautiful with a long history

2.民俗节日来自于人文与自然文化，最早的风俗活动是和原始崇拜、祭祀文化有关。每个传统节日有每个节日的活动载体，诸如灯会、划龙舟等。 Folk festivals derive from human culture and natural culture. The earliest custom activities are related to primitive worship and sacrificial culture. Each traditional festival has its own carrier, such as exhibition of lanterns and dragon boat race.

3.在人类历史上，封建社会科学文化的最高成就是由中国创造的。其中农学、医学、数学、天文学是我国古代的四大自然科学。 In the history of mankind, the highest achievement of science and culture in feudal society was the creation of China. Among them, agronomy, medicine, mathematics and astronomy are the four natural sciences in ancient China. --You Yuting (talk) 08:46, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

3. In the history of humankind, it was China that achieved the greatest achievement of science and culture in feudal society. --Zhang Ling (talk) 01:21, 26 September 2020 (UTC)

Yu Ni 余妮

1.在中国的大地上，有雄伟的高原、起伏的山岭、广阔的平原、低缓的丘陵，还有四周群山环抱的盆地。 On the land of China, there are majestic plateaus, undulating mountains, vast plains and gentle hills, as well as basins surrounded by mountains and low and flat in the middle. 2.重阳节早在战国时期就已经形成，到了唐代，重阳被正式定为民间的节日。重阳这天所有亲人都要一起登高“避灾”，插茱萸、赏菊花。 The Double Ninth Festival has been formed as early as the Warring States period. By the Tang Dynasty, it was officially designated as a formal festival. On that day, all relatives should climb together to "avoid disaster", insert dogwood and appreciate chrysanthemum. 3.张衡发明制作的地动仪，可以遥测千里以外地震发生的方向，比欧洲早1700多年。 The seismograph invented and manufactured by Zhang Heng can detect the direction of the thousand mile earthquake, more than 1700 years earlier than that of Europe.--Yu Ni (talk) 09:30, 25 September 2020 (UTC) 1.On the land of China, there are majestic plateaus, undulating mountains, vast plains and gentle hills, as well as basins surrounded by mountains while being low and flat in the middle.--Gao Mingzhu (talk) 13:15, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu

Yuan Tianyi 袁天翼

中国地处亚洲大陆东部，太平洋西岸，在总面积960多万平方千米的国土上，自然与地理环境多姿多彩，东西南北风光迥异，山川江河蕴藏着极为丰富的动植物资源，良好的地理环境造就了无数的天然名胜。

China, located on the eastern part of the continental Asia and the western shore of the Pacific Ocean, whose territory covers an area of over 9.6 million square kilometers, boasts colorful and miscellaneous natural and geographical environments, with distinctive scenery of the east, west, south, and north, as well as mountains and rivers that enjoy extremely rich fauna and flora resources, where gorgeous geographical environments give birth to countless natural scenic spots.--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 13:15, 24 September 2020 (UTC)

农历五月初五是端午节，这个节日在中国已有2000多年的历史。端午节起源于对伟大爱国诗人屈原的纪念活动。千百年来，人们用吃粽子和赛龙舟这两种形式来庆祝这个节日。粽子是端午节最受欢迎的食物。如今，粽子有各种各样的形状和馅料。

The fifth lunar day of the fifth lunar month is China’s Dragon Boat Festival, boasting a history of over 2000 years in China, which originates from the memorial activities for the great patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Over the thousands of years, people celebrate this day by eating rice dumplings—the most popular food on that day, and racing dragon boats. Nowadays, the rice dumpling has miscellaneous shapes and fillings.--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 14:04, 24 September 2020 (UTC)

说到中国古代的科技文明，就不能不说四大发明。人们普遍认为，指南针、火药、造纸术和印刷术的发明对中国古代的政治、经济、文化的发展产生了巨大的推动作用；并且，这些发明经由各种途径传至西方，也影响着世界的文明进程。

When it comes to ancient China’s science and technology inventions, we have to mention the Four Great Inventions. It is widely acknowledged that the inventions of compass, gunpowder, papermaking and printing have amazingly synergized the development of the politics, economy and culture of ancient China; moreover, those inventions were spread to the West through sundry approaches, causing effects on the process of the world civilizations.--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 14:04, 24 September 2020 (UTC)

Zeng Xinyuan 曾心媛

提到湘西，第一个想到的必定是凤凰古城。这座曾被新西兰作家路易艾黎称作我国最美的小城，的确美得让人沉醉。 When it comes to Xiangxi, the first thing that springs to one’s mind must be the Ancient Town of Fenghuang. The town, which was called the most beautiful small town in China by a Zelanian writer Rewi Alley, is so beautiful that may intoxicate someone. --Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 13:11, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

按中国古代历法的解释，八月是秋季的第二个月，称“仲秋”，八月十五又在仲秋之中，所以叫“中秋”。 According to explanations in ancient Chinese calendar, August is the second month in autumn, called “midautumn” , and August 15th is in the middle of midautumn, thereby, it is called mid-autumn. --Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 13:13, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

传统的观点认为司南是中国汉代甚至战国时代华夏劳动人民发明的一种最早的指示南北方向的指南器，还不是真正意义上的现代指南针。 In traditional views, people believed that Sinan is a compass that indicates direction of south and north , invented by Chinese working people in Han Dynasty or even Warring States period, but not a modern compass in a real sense.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 13:17, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

Zeng Liang 曾良

长沙是首批国家历史文化名城，历经三千年城名、城址不变，有“屈贾之乡”、“楚汉名城”、“潇湘洙泗”之称。 Changsha is one of the first famous national historical and cultural cities. It has had its city name and townsite unchanged for three thousand years and it is known as “the hometown of Qu Yuan and Jia Yi”, “Famous City in Chuhan country” and “Xiaoxiangsizhu”.--Zeng Liang (talk) 08:25, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

据中国传统习俗，人们通常在清明节放风筝。但每逢清明，也是雨纷纷的季节，因而不适合放风筝。 According to Chinese traditions and customs, flying kites usually happen at the Qing Ming Festival. But Tomb-Sweeping Festival is during the rainy season which obviously is not suitable for flying a kite.--Zeng Liang (talk) 08:25, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

中国不仅是火箭的发明者，而且还是首先企图利用固体燃料火箭将人类载到空中去的幻想者。 The Chinese is not only the inventor of the rocket but also the first fantast who wants to carry man into space with solid rocket.--Zeng Liang (talk) 08:25, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Hui 张慧

因位于黄河北岸而得名的河北省，在古代它的部分土地属于冀州，所以河北简称“冀”，人民政府所在地是石家庄。Located on the northern bank of the Yellow River, Hebei province got its name. In ancient times, part of its land belonged to Jizhou, so Hebei was referred to as "Ji" for short. The seat of the people's government is Shijiazhuang.

For the reason of being located on the northen bank of the Yellow River, Hebei province got its name.(In Chinese, "river" pronounces "he" and "north" pronounces "bei" .)In ancient time, some aeras of Heibei were administrated by Jizhou, so Hebei is briefly named as Ji. Its seat of people's government is Shijiazhuang.--Zhou Yiwen (talk) 15:37, 25 September 2020 (UTC)--Zhou Yiwen (talk) 15:46, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

蒙古族在中秋的这一天，会组织大家一起来玩“追月”的游戏，一群人在圆月之下，飞奔在草原上，一直朝着西方奔去，因为月亮是从东方升起，在西方坠落，所以朝着西方奔去才算是“追月”，这一风俗符合了蒙古族的潇洒的性格。 In the Mid-Autumn festival,Mongolians will group together to play the game "chasing the moon".Under the full moon,a group of people will gallop on the grassland and run all the way towards the west.Since the moon rises in the east and falls in the west, it is regared as "chasing the moon" running towards the west.This custom is consistent with the natural and unrestrained character of the Mongolian nationality.

蒙古族在中秋的这一天，会组织大家一起来玩“追月”的游戏，一群人在圆月之下，飞奔在草原上，一直朝着西方奔去，因为月亮是从东方升起，在西方坠落，所以朝着西方奔去才算是“追月”，这一风俗符合了蒙古族的潇洒的性格。 In the Mid-Autumn festival, Mongols will group together to play the game "chasing the moon". Under the full moon, a group of people will gallop on the grassland and run all the way towards the west. Since the moon rises in the east and falls in the west, it is only regarded as "chasing the moon" when people run westwards. This custom is consistent with the unrestrained character of Mongols.--Yang Ziling (talk) 07:08, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

煤，石油和天然气是现代能源的主要组成部分，它们的开发利用也最早出现在我国，大约都是从汉代开始的，不过当时还没有发挥太大的作用。 Coal, oil and natural gas are the main components of modern energy. The exploitation and utilization for them also first appeared in China and started from about Han Dynasty, but they did not play a significant role at that time.--Zhang Hui (talk) 01:54, 25 September 2020 (UTC)--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 02:47, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Ling 张玲

1. 南海是我国石油和贸易的生命线，我国60%的外贸运输都要途径南海，可见其地理位置的重要性。 The South China Sea is the lifeline of China's oil and trade. 60% of China's foreign trade and transportation must go through the South China Sea, which shows the importance of its geographical location.

2. 重阳节的习俗普及于汉代，汉代是我国南北各地的经济文化交流融合时期，各地文化上的交流使节日习俗融合传播。 The customs of the Double Ninth Festival was popularized in the Han Dynasty which was a period of economic and cultural exchange and integration between the north and south of China. The cultural exchanges between various regions promoted the integration and spread of the festival customs.

3. 东汉时，蔡伦在总结前人经验的基础上，改进了造纸术，他用树皮、麻头、破布和旧渔网等材料制成植物纤维纸。 In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Can Lun improved paper-making on the basis of summing up the experience of his predecessors. He used such materials as bark, hemp, rags and fishing nets to make plant fiber paper.--Zhang Ling (talk) 07:03, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Yang Chenting

重阳节的习俗普及于汉代，汉代是我国南北各地的经济文化交流融合时期，各地文化上的交流使节日习俗融合传播。 The customs of the Double Ninth Festival was popularized in the Han Dynasty, which was a period of economic and cultural exchange and integration between the north and south of China, making the different culture of various regions begin to exchange. --Yang chenting (talk) 08:56, 25 September 2020 (UTC)Yang Chenting

Zhang Peiwen 张佩闻

Geography, festivals,science and technology

地理学是研究地球表面的地理环境中各种自然现象和人文现象，以及它们之间相互关系的学科。地理是一门综合性的基础学科。 Geography is a subject that studies all kinds of natural phenomena and human behaviors on the earth. It is a comprehensive basic subject/subject comprising many aspects.

国务院将其列入首批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。自2008年起中秋节被列为国家法定节假日。 It has been listed into the first batch of state-level intangible culture heritage announced by the State Council, being deemed as one of the national holidays since 2008.

传统认为，科学是人类所积累的关于自然、社会、思维的知识体系。 Traditionally, science and technology is regarded as a system of knowledge about nature, society and thoughts accumulated by human.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 13:34, 24 September 2020 (UTC)

1.Geography is a subject that studies all kinds of natural phenomena and human phenomena in the geographical environment of the earth's surface, as well as their interrelations. Geography is a comprehensive basic subject. 2.The State Council has included Mid- Autumn Festival in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.Since 2008,It's been listed as a national legal holiday. 3.Traditionally, science is thought as a system of knowledge about nature, society and thoughts accumulated by human.--You Yuting (talk) 08:57, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Weihong 张维虹

Zhang Yinliu 张银柳

Zhang Yinliu 张宇星

张家界国家森林公园地处武陵山脉东段，境内多山，地势由西北向东南倾斜，桑植县境西北的斗蓬山海拔1890米为市境最高处。 Zhang Jiajie National Forest Park, lying in the east range of Wuling Mountain and declining from the northwest to southeast, contains many hills and mountains, among which the Doupeng Mountain, located in the Sangzhi County, touches the highest point in this region with altitude of 1890 meters. 中秋节以月之圆兆人之团圆，为寄托思念故乡，思念亲人之情，祈盼丰收、幸福，成为丰富多彩、弥足珍贵的文化遗产。 In the Mid-Autumn festival, as the full moon symbolizes a family reunion, it contains nostalgia and the feeling of missing families. It also became a valuable and an important cultural heritage with profound meanings and various activities to pray for good harvest and happiness. 印刷术是人类近代文明的先导，为知识的广泛传播、交流创造了条件。 Printing is foreground of modern human civilization, preparing for the widespread and communication of knowledge.

Zhang Yu 张瑜

中国地形、气候十分复杂，土地类型复杂多样，为农、林、牧、副、渔多种经营和全面发展提供了有利条件。 China's landform and climate are very complex, and the land types are various, which provide advantages for the diversified economy and comprehensive development of farming, forestry, animal husbandry, side-line production and fishery. 清明节是中华民族古老的节日，既是一个扫墓祭祖的肃穆节日，也是人们亲近自然、踏青游玩、享受春天乐趣的欢乐节日。 The Tomb-Sweeping Day is a traditional Chinese festival. It's not only a solemn festival to sweep tombs and worship ancestors, but also a happy day for people to close to the nature, go for an outing and enjoy the fun in Spring. 四大发明对中国古代的政治、经济、文化的发展产生了巨大的推动作用，经各种途径传至西方，对世界文明发展史产生巨大的影响力。 Four Great Inventions greatly promoted the political, economic and cultural development in ancient China. It spreaded to west through various methods and had great impacts on history of world's civilization. --Zhang Yu (talk) 13:39, 24 September 2020 (UTC)

四大发明对中国古代的政治、经济、文化的发展产生了巨大的推动作用，经各种途径传至西方，对世界文明发展史产生巨大的影响力。 The Four Great Inventions have greatly promoted the development of politics, economy and culture in ancient China. They spread to the west through various channels, and had a great influence on the history of world civilization.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 15:17, 24 September 2020 (UTC)

清明节是中华民族古老的节日，既是一个扫墓祭祖的肃穆节日，也是人们亲近自然、踏青游玩、享受春天乐趣的欢乐节日。 The Tomb-Sweeping Day is a traditional Chinese festival. It's not only a solemn festival for sweeping tombs and worshiping ancestors, but also a happy day for people to get close to the nature, go for an outing and enjoy the fun in Spring.--Kang Haoyu (talk) 01:41, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Yujie 张毓婕

当春天的时候，我国的最北方黑龙江省还是白雪皑皑、冰封千里之时，远在千里之外的海南岛已经是春暖花开、鸟语花香了。

In spring when Heilongjiang province, the northest one of China, is covered with snow and ice, Hainan island, thousands of miles away from it, is immersed in a warm atmosphere with fragrance of flowers in full blossoms and singing of lively birds.

每逢中秋之夜，人们仰望月中丹桂，闻着阵阵桂香，喝一杯桂花蜜酒，欢庆合家甜甜蜜蜜，欢聚一堂，已成为佳节的一种美的享受。

When it comes to Mid-autumn night, Chinese people would get together to celebrate this traditional festival with their family: appreciate the bright round moon, smell the fragrance of Osmanthus, drink cups of sweet Osmanthus wine, which has been a wonderful enjoyment.

外国用火药制造子弹御敌，中国却用它做爆竹敬神。

Westerners used gunpowder to make weapons for defeating their enemies, while Chinese used it to make firecrackers for superstitious rites.--Zhang Yujie (talk) 09:51, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Zhao Xi 赵茜

承德避暑山庄不仅具有极高的美学研究价值，而且还保留着中国封建社会发展末期的罕见历史遗迹。 Chengde Summer Resort not only possesses highly aesthetic study value, but also retain rare historical relics of the final development of feudal society in China.

中秋夜那轮圆月就是时光的车轮，碾去悠悠的岁月，却牵动着多情的目光。 The full moon on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival is just like the wheels of time, running over endless years, but affecting amorous eyes.

早在战国时期，人们就发现了磁力，并用磁石制造了一种仪器，用它来辨别方向,这无疑是世界上最早的指南针。 Early in the Warring States Period, people discovered magnet, and invented an instrument by using magnetite to recognize directions. Undoubtly, this was the earliest compass in the world.

Early in the Warring States Period (475BC.-221BC.), people discovered the existence of magnetic force so they invented an instrument by using magnetite to show directions. That was no doubt the earliest compass in the world.--Zhumeimei (talk) 13:29, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Chengde Summer Resort not only possesses highly aesthetic study value, but also retain rare historical relics of the final development of feudal society in China.--Zhang Yuxing (talk) 15:59, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Zhao Xiaoyan 赵晓燕

云南省人民政府所在地昆明市，是中国的历史文化名城之一，也是闻名中外的“春城”，这里冬天不冷，夏天不热，气候温和，四季如春。 Kunming, the seat of the people's government of Yunnan Province, is one of the famous historical and cultural cities in China, and also known as the Spring city due to its warm climate. Kunming,the seat of People's Government of Yunnan Province, is one of the famous historical and cultural cities in China, and also known as "the Spring City" due to its mild climate with four seasons like spring.--Zeng Liang (talk) 08:13, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

据说，此夜月球距地球最近，月亮最大最圆，所以从古至今都有饮宴赏月的习俗。 It's said that the moon is the closest to the earth this night, representing the biggest and roundest feature itself, so people get used to feasting and enjoying the moon in this night since the ancient time. It's said that the moon is the closest to the earth this night, representing the biggest and the roundest feature itself, so there has been a custom of feasting and admiring the full moon since the ancient times.--Zeng Liang (talk) 08:13, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

经过秦汉，即封建社会巩固和发展时期，我国科学文化的总体水平跃居世界前列，许多领域还在世界上处于领先地位。 After Qin and Han Dynasties, the development and consolidation period of the feudal society, the overall level of science and culture in China leaped into the front ranks of the world, with many fields taking the lead.--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 01:30, 25 September 2020 (UTC)--Zhang Hui (talk) 02:46, 25 September 2020 (UTC) After Qin and Han Dynasties, the period of consolidation and development of the feudal society, China's overall level of science and culture has leapt to the front rank of the world, with many fields taking a leading position.--Zeng Liang (talk) 08:13, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Zhou Yiwen 周艺文

1.西湖的湖体轮廓呈近椭圆形，湖底部较平坦，湖泊平均水深为2.27米，最深约5米，最浅不到1米。 The West Lake is nearly elliptic in shape and relatively even in its lake bed. The average depth of water is 2.27 meters, the deepest about 5 meters and, the shallowest less than a meter.

2.中国幅员辽阔，历史悠久，所以关于元宵节的习俗在各地也不尽相同，其中吃元宵、赏花灯、舞龙、舞狮子等是元宵节等几项重要民间习俗。 Due to the vast territory and long history of China, the customs of the Lantern Festival in China vary widely between different regions, among which eating sweet dumplings, watching lantern shows, dragon dance and lion dance are very important folk customs.

3.北魏时期，地理学家郦道元的《水经注》，以《水经》为纲，全面而系统地介绍了水道流经地区的自然地理和经济地理等诸方面的内容，是一部历史、地理、文学价值都很高的综合性地理著作。 In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the geographer Li Daoyuan created the book Commentary on the Waterways Classic, which is a comprehensive geographical work of high value in history, geography and literature . Taking Waterways Classic as the outline, Li, in his book, gives a all-sided and systematic indroduction to the physical and economic geography of the areas through which a waterway flows. --Zhou Yiwen (talk) 15:16, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Zhou Yuanqu 周园曲

Zhu Meimei 祝美梅

五彩斑斓的吉林黑土地，种啥啥长人民币。Jilin, a multicolored province in China, produces abundant financial gains on its fertile farmland.--Zhumeimei (talk) 03:12, 24 September 2020 (UTC)--Zhumeimei (talk) 03:15, 24 September 2020 (UTC)

“月饼切开吃还是直接吃”上热搜：南北差异还是刻板印象？"How to eat a mooncake, cutting into pieces or eating one as a whole directly" hits the headline on Chinese social media, a difference between the North and South or a kind of stereotype?

指南针是一种判别方位的简单仪器，又称指北针，据《古矿录》记载最早出现于战国时期的磁山一带。Compass, a simple apparatus used to differentiate directions, also called north stabilized indicator, firstly appeared in the vicinity of Magnet Mountain (Ci Mountain) during the Warring States Period (475BC-221BC) noted by “Records of Ancient Minerals". --Zhumeimei (talk) 12:36, 25 September 2020 (UTC)

Jilin, a province in China that boasts multicolored black earth, returns worthy financial gains to people no matter what is planted on its fertile land.--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 13:26, 24 September 2020 (UTC)