20201007 cult

Alsied, Saffana

1.Embroidery in China is a distinct art, using silk threads.

中国的刺绣是独特的艺术，使用丝线。--SAFFANA ALSIED 2 (talk) 16:57, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

2. Cloisonne is famous traditional enamelware, known as the Blue of “Jingtai” in China.

景泰蓝是著名的传统搪瓷器皿，在中国被称为“景泰蓝”。--SAFFANA ALSIED 2 (talk) 16:57, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3.Chinese lacquerware has a very long history.

中国漆器历史悠久。--SAFFANA ALSIED 2 (talk) 16:57, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4.Jade has been cherished by the Chinese people as a symbol of many virtues.

玉一直被中国人民视为许多美德的象征。--SAFFANA ALSIED 2 (talk) 16:57, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Barthelemy, Guirou

Translation: 1-中国在传统手工艺方面非常有名，特别是在刺绣方面.China is very famous in traditional crafts, particularly in embroidery. 2-大多数传统搪瓷器皿是用铜制成的，因为它很容易满足您的需求.Most of the traditional enamelware is made of copper because it is easy to hammer onto your own desire. 3-中国人喜欢使用漆器制成的物体，例如，碎石，茶几，橱柜等。Chinese like to use objects made of lacquer such as screems, coffee tables, cabinets etc. 4-在中国文化中，玉由于其美丽，纯净，神奇和治愈的品质而成为重要的对象。In chinese culture, jade is an important object due to its beauty, purity, magical and curative qualities.--GUIROU BARTHELEMY (talk) 01:54, 12 October 2020 (UTC)Guirou Barthelemy --GUIROU BARTHELEMY (talk) 02:52, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Guirou Barthelemy

Chen Han 陈涵

1.苏州刺绣匠人们能以40种针法，1000种不同针线，在一块布料上绣出不同的自然环境主题，如花、鸟、兽、园林等。

Artisans of Suzhou Embroidery are able to use more than 40 stitches and 1,000 different types of threads to embroider on a piece of cloth reflecting different nature and environment themes such as flowers, birds, animals, gardens and so on.--Chen Han (talk) 02:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.工匠们先要选取铜片，剪裁切割之后，通过这样耐心地反复捶打做成各种器物的毛坯，而一件精美绝伦的艺术品，也将在这不起眼的铜胎上一步步完成。

Firstly, craftsmen choose pieces of copper and then cut and hammer them into the molds for different kinds of artifacts by beating repeatedly with patience. And a magnificent work of art is to be created step by step from the ordinary copper mold. --Chen Han (talk) 02:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆器生产工序复杂，耗工耗时，漆器品种又特别繁多，不仅用于装饰家具，器皿，文具和艺术品，而且还应用于乐器，丧葬用具，兵器等。

The complicated procedures of making lacquerware are labor-consuming and time-consuming. Varieties of lacquerware are particularly diverse, not only for decorating furniture, utensils, stationery, and artwork, but also for musical instruments, funeral equipment, weapons, etc.--Chen Han (talk) 02:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.象牙雕刻艺术品，以坚实，光滑的质地，精美的雕刻艺术，倍受收藏家珍爱，成为古玩中独具特色的品种之一。

The artwork of ivory carving is cherished by collectors with its texture both solid and smooth and its fine carving methods used, and it has become one of the unique types of antiques.--Chen Han (talk) 02:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

The artwork of ivory carving is extremely cherished by collectors for its solid, smooth texture and exquisite carving art, thus enjoying the fame of the unique one among antiques.--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 02:37, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Chen Jingjing 陈静静

1.四大名绣之称形成于十九世纪中叶，它的产生除了本身的艺术特点外，另一个重要原因就是绣品商业化的结果。由于市场需求和刺绣产地的不同，刺绣工艺品作为一种商品开始形成了各自的地方特色。而其中苏，蜀，粤，湘四个地方的刺绣产品销路尤广，影响尤大,故有“四大名绣”之称。

The designation of the four great embroideries were formed in the middle of the 19th century. Their appearance was out of their own artistic features and most importantly a result of embroidery commercialization. With differences in market demand and embroidery origins, embroidery handicrafts, a kind of commodity, started to form their own characteristics，which enjoy high sales and popularity particularly in Jiangsu, Sichuan, Guangdong and Hunan, thus being the name Four Great Embroideries.

2.景泰蓝长期祇在宫廷监管下制作，19世纪其技艺流入民间，成为“燕京八绝”之一，并且逐渐扩散至各地，一度成为重要的手工业。但是由于工艺繁琐、成本很高，各地景泰蓝又纷纷消失，现主要产地是中国北京和深圳，还有台湾。其中北京景泰蓝被列入中国非物质文化遗产.

Cloisonne have been manufactured under the supervision of the court for quite a long time and became familiar to common people in the 19th century,becoming one of the Yanjing Eight Excellences. It gradually spread to all parts of the country and played a vital role in handicraft industry at that time but then faded away owing to its complicated process and high cost. Now it is mainly produced in Beijing, Shenzhen and Taiwan ,among which the Beijing cloisonne has been listed as China's intangible cultural heritage.

3.许多制作精美的古代漆器，即使长期埋藏在潮湿的地下或干燥的沙漠中，也能保持光艳如新，但出土后会因环境湿度变化大而出现变形、变色等现象。这是因为空气过于干燥，漆器容易发生断裂，湿度过大，则易出现变形和脱漆。

A great many of exquisite ancient lacquerware, though buried in humid underground or dry desert for a long time, remain as bright and beautiful as new ones but will appear deformation and discoloration due to the great change of environmental humidity. As when the air is too dry, the lacquerware is prone to break and will easily lose its shape and depaint when it is too humid.

Many exquisite ancient lacquerware, even if they are buried in humid underground or in dry deserts for a long time, remain bright as new, but they will be deformed and discolored due to large changes in environmental humidity after being unearthed. When the air is too dry, the lacquerware is prone to break and will easily lose its shape and depaint when it is too humid, which is also the reason behind.--Zhang Yuxing (talk) 10:34, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4.牙雕、玉雕等工艺由于材料昂贵，做工又十分的精细，所以逐渐从实用品转变为欣赏品，因此被人们称为“ 特种工艺”，解放前，它仅是剥削阶级手中的玩物。木雕、石雕、泥雕、面塑等工艺，则大都流传在民间，具有浓厚的乡土气息。

Crafts like ivory carving and jade carving,because of the costly materials and fine workmanship, are gradually transformend into objects for appreciation from practical ones,thus gaining the name of Special Arts and Crafts. They are nothing more than playthings in the hands of the exploiting class before liberation. Wood carving, stone carving, clay carving and dough sculpture and other crafts, however, are popular among the common people with a strong local flavor.--Chen Jingjing (talk) 05:09, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing

Dashkin, Gennadii

1.Embroidery was also used as a means of decorating silk clothing and silk flags and banners that denoted rank or station.

刺绣也被用作装饰丝绸服装，丝绸旗帜和横幅的手段，以表示等级或地位。--Gennadii Dashkin (talk) 08:16, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

2.Chinese Cloisonné is now the standard by which the quality and beauty of cloisonné is measured worldwide.

中国景泰蓝现已成为衡量世界范围内景泰蓝质量和美观程度的标准。--Gennadii Dashkin (talk) 08:16, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3.After thousands of years, Chinese lacquer ware continued to develop and evolve, and reached a high level.

几千年来，中国漆器不断发展和进化，达到了很高的水平。--Gennadii Dashkin (talk) 08:16, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4.Modern technology has promoted the motivation and the efficiency of jade carving creation, but the style and artistic effect have not changed greatly.

现代化工艺促进了玉雕创作的动机和效率，但风格和艺术效果没有太大变化。--Gennadii Dashkin (talk) 08:15, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Ding Daifeng 丁代凤

1. 在种类上，苏绣作品主要可分为零剪、戏衣、挂屏三大类，装饰性与实用性兼备。

Su embroidery products fall into three major categories: costumes, decorations for halls and crafts for daily use, which integrate decorative and practical values.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 13:56, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Su embroidery products are divided into three major categories of piece works, stage costumes and wall hangings for both decorative function and practical use.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 07:32, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2. 景泰蓝是驰名中外的传统工艺，它集青铜艺术、瓷器、和雕刻诸种工艺制作技巧于一身，是一门地道的北京绝活。

Cloisonne is a traditional art widely known in and outside China. It is a kind of superb local expertise form of Beijing, which combines the skills of bronze art, porcelain, carving and other types of folk arts.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 13:56, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Cloisonne is a traditional art widely known both at home and abroad. It is a kind of superb local expertise form of Beijing, which combines the skills of bronze art, porcelain, carving and other types of folk arts.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 07:32, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3. 有证据表明，给物品上漆的做法始于4000多年前，当时它被用来给家具等普通物品以及耳环和梳子等私人物品上漆。

Evidence indicates that the practice of lacquering objects began over 4000 years ago, where it was used to coat common objects like furniture, and personal items like earrings and combs.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 13:56, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

4. 木雕主要分成三个类别：建筑雕刻、家具雕刻、和艺术品雕刻。中国的木雕以其令人深刻的细致结构和主题之美受到了全世界的欣赏。

Wood carving in China constitutes three major categories: architecture carving, furniture carving and artworks carving. Chinese wood carving is appreciated worldwide for its impressively detailed structures and the beauty of its themes.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 13:56, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Gan Fengyu 甘奉玉

1:刺绣, 古代称之为针绣, 是用绣针引彩线, 将设计的花纹在纺织品上刺绣运针, 以绣迹构成花纹图案的一种工艺。 刺绣是中国古老的手工技艺之一, 中国的手工刺绣工艺已经有2000多年的历史了。

Embroidery, known as needle embroidery in ancient times, is a kind of craft that uses needle to embroid color thread of designed patterns to form works with the traces on textiles.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC) Embroidery is one of the ancient handicrafts in China, which has a history of more than 2000 years.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2:伊斯兰文明为中国带来了景泰蓝工艺, 但景泰蓝在中国的大发展, 归根到底离不开中国本土的文化环境。 景泰蓝曾于明清两代，取得了颇高的艺术成就，享誉海内外。 Islamic civilization has brought Cloisonne technology to China, but in the final analysis,,Cloisonne's great development in China is inseparable from China's local cultural environment.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC) Once in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Cloisonne made considerable artistic achievements and was well-known at home and abroad.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3: 中国漆工艺是人类宝贵的文化财富,人类审美意识的发展催生了生漆装饰艺术. Chinese lacquer craft is the precious cultural treasure of human being. And the development of human aesthetic consciousness gives birth to lacquer decoration art.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4:雕刻工艺既有苏州特色又有文化内涵，既融艺术之美又重精细之功，可谓学生学习技艺、传承文化的好载体。 Carving technology has both Suzhou characteristics and cultural connotation. It combines the beauty of art and attention to fine work, so it can be regarded as a good carrier for students to learn skills and inherit culture.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 09:18, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Gao Mingzhu 高明珠

1、绣女手中的针线犹如画家手中的笔墨丹青，可以绣出璀璨精美的图画，显示出不同时代的文化风貌和艺术成就。

Like the pen and ink holding by painters, the needle in hands of embroiders can create brilliant and exquisite paintings which showed different cultures and artistic achievements of different times.

The needles and threads in the hands of women embroiders are like the pen and ink in the hands of a painter. They can show us bright and exquisite pictures, showing the cultural features and artistic achievements of different eras.--Liu Yi (talk) 15:41, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

2、在西方人的心目中，奢华的景泰蓝代表着中国灿烂的文明。

In the western people’s eyes, luxury Cloisonne is the embodiment of China’s splendid civilization.

In the western people’s mind, luxury Cloisonne represents China’s splendid civilization.--Tan Yuanyuan (talk) 15:34, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

In the eyes of Westerners, the luxurious cloisonne represents China's splendid civilization.--Liu Yi (talk) 15:41, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

In westerners'mind, the luxurious cloisonne is the representative of the splendid Chinese culture.--Jiang Qiwei (talk) 06:42, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3、殷商时代已有“石器雕琢，觞酌刻镂”的漆艺。

Dating back to the period of Yin and Shang dynasties, people created the lacquer art by curving on stones and making hollowed-out wine cups.

In the Yin and Shang dynasty, people created the lacquer art by curving on stones and making hollowed-out wine cups.--Liu Yi (talk) 15:41, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

4、中国石雕有南北两个派别之分，北派豪放壮伟，南派婉约精美。

Chinese stone carving is divided into two parts——the north part and the south part. The north part is characterized by being unconstrained and magnificent while the south part being implicit and exquisite.--Gao Mingzhu (talk) 13:48, 8 October 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu

Chinese stone carvings are divided into two factions: the northern style is bold and majestic, and the southern style is graceful and delicate.--Liu Yi (talk) 15:41, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Grosheva, Anna

1. Embroidery was never classified as a solely female activity, and men and women have both been involved in embroidery.

刺绣从未被归类为仅女性活动，男人和女人都参与了刺绣。--ANNA GROSHEVA (talk) 08:29, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

2. A variety of cloisonné items in all shapes and sizes are available, including tables, stools, vases, chopsticks, earrings, candy boxes, toothpicks and smoking tools.

提供各种形状和大小的各种景泰蓝物品，包括桌子，凳子，花瓶，筷子，耳环，糖果盒，牙签和吸烟工具。--ANNA GROSHEVA (talk) 08:29, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3. The Chinese lacquer with brilliant color is waterproof, corrosion-proof and high temperature resist.

色泽鲜艳的中国清漆是防水，防腐蚀，耐高温的。--ANNA GROSHEVA (talk) 08:29, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4. In the 1990s, while Chinese contemporary art had produced some new and profound works, jade carvings at that time were mainly copies of antique motifs.

在1990年代，虽然中国当代艺术创作了一些新颖而深刻的作品，但当时的玉雕主要以古董为主题。--ANNA GROSHEVA (talk) 08:29, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Gu Dongfang 顾东方

1.四大名绣形成于十九世纪中叶，它的产生除了本身的艺术特点外，另一个重要原因就是绣品商业化的结果。由于市场需求和刺绣产地的不同，刺绣工艺品作为一种商品开始形成了各自的地方特色，其中苏、蜀、粤、湘四个地方的产品销路尤广，故有四大名绣之称。

The Four famous embroideries were formed in the mid-nineteenth century.Besides their artistic features, they can also be attributed to the commercialization of embroidery.Due to various market demands and embroidery origins, embroidery crafts as a commodity began to embrace their own local characteristics, among which the products from Suzhou, Sichuan, Guangdong and Hunan were particularly well sold, hence the name of the four famous embroideries.--Gudongfang (talk) 05:23, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Gu dongfang

2.景泰年间的景泰蓝制品，从故宫等地陈列过的实物来看，工艺得到了更大的发展。宫廷内的御用监设有制作景泰蓝的作坊。这个时期制胎水平已达到了相当的高度。胎型有方有圆，并向实用方面转化。

The crafting progress of Cloisonne products during the Jingtai period has made a major progress judeged from the real objects, which were on display in places ,such as the Forbidden City. The imperial crafting agency was established with Cloisonne workshops .Copperplate-making reached a high level at that time.The copperplate , round or square in shape , transformed into practical use.--Gudongfang (talk) 05:23, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Gu dongfang

3.作为中国传统工艺的的重要品种，漆工艺先传往东亚、东南亚，继而由西欧传到北美，在世界上产生了广泛的影响。

The lacquering , an improtant part of Chinese traditional craft, spread to East Asia, Southeast Asia, and then from Western Europe to North America, exerting a wide influence on the world.--Gudongfang (talk) 05:23, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Gu dongfang

As a vital part of Chinese traditional craft, the lacquering technology first spread to East Asia and Southeast Asia, and then spread from Western Europe to North America, exerting great impact on the world.--Hu Jin (talk) 08:02, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

As an important variety of traditional Chinese crafts, the lacquering tenology first spread to East Asia, Southeast Asia, and then to North Ameica from Western Europe,which had exerted a wide influence in the world.--Gan Fengyu (talk) 07:54, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.我国石雕艺术具有悠久的历史，品种繁多，就石雕而言，这些雕刻大多为无名石匠所作。千百年来，伴随着人们的物质生活和精神生活而流传至今。它表现了民间工艺精湛的技艺和巧妙的构思,具有很高的艺术价值与历史人文价值。

The art of stone carving in China is characterized by a long history and a wide variety. In terms of stone carvings, most of them are made by anonymous masons. For thousands of years, they are passed down along with people's material and spiritual life. It shows the exquisite folk craft skills and ingenious idea with a high artistic and historical humanistic value.--Gudongfang (talk) 05:23, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Gu dongfang

Guan Qinqing 管钦清

1.刺绣是用针和线或纱线在织物或其他材料上进行装饰的手工艺。刺绣最常用在无檐帽、有檐帽、外套、毛毯、礼服衬衫、长筒袜、髙尔夫球衫上。令人感到吃惊的是:在刺绣的发展过程中，从起初到后来更精美的阶段，让人感觉不到也说不出来有什么材质或技术的变化。另一方面，我们发现后来很少能达到早期作品中的技术成就和髙水准的工艺。

Embroidery is a kind of handicraft to decorate fabric or other materials with needle and thread or yarn.It is usually used on caps,hats,coats,blankets,dressingshirts, stockings and golf shirts.In the development of embroidery,to our suprise,there are no changes of materials or techniques which can be felt or explained from the primitive to the more refined stage. On the other hand,we find that such technical achivement and high standards in early works can barely be attained in later times.

2.景泰蓝(cloisonne)是一种起源于元代北京的独特艺术。在明代的景泰年间，非常钟情于青铜制造技术(bronze-casting techniques)的君王发展了色彩加工技术，并且创造了迎合东方审美的亮蓝色。在一次加工技术的突破之后，此君王的大部分日常用具都由景泰蓝制成。

Cloisonne is a unique art that originated in Beijing in the Yuan Dynasty.In the period of Jingtai during the Ming Dynasty,the emperor who very appreciated bronze-casting techniques advanced color processing technology and created the bright blue that catered to the Oriental aesthetic sense.After a breakthrough of processing technology,most of the articles for his daily use were made of cloisonne.

3.用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁，主要由漆酚、漆酶、树胶质及水分构成。用它做涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆。

Lacquer contains handiworks and articles for daily use whose surface are smeared with paint.Raw lacquer ,which is maily comprised of urushiol,laccase,tree resin and water,is excised from the lacquer natural SAP.As a kind of paint,raw lacquer has such special functions as resistant to moisture,high temperature,and corrosion.It also can be formulated with different colors.

4.一件玉雕就是一件艺术品，它的美，或在于形态，或在于色彩，或在于意境，也可能都包含在内，而意境是对玉器整体评价的一个非常重要的方面。创作要有意境，玉器形态要逼真写实才能出玉器精品。

A jade carving is a work of art. Its beauty lies in its form, color, artistic conception or all, and artistic conception is a very important aspect of the overall evaluation of the jade. It is advisable to put the artistic conception into a jade ware,whose form should be a realistic representation and an image nature.Only in this way can we make high-quality jade ware.--Guan Qinqing (talk) 02:45, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Gui Yizhi 桂一枝

A.此后经过漫长的发展，湘绣逐渐将国画传统特点引入其中，从而形成了自身的独特风格。至清末民初(20世纪初期)，湘绣的发展达到鼎盛时期，甚至超越了苏绣，在中国刺绣业中独占鳌头。

In its later development, Xiang Embroidery absorbed the characteristics of traditional Chinese paintings and formed its own unique characteristics. Xiang embroidery experienced its heyday at the end of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) and in the early Republic of China (early 20th century)， even surpassing Su embroidery. --Gui Yizhi (talk) 16:38, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

B.景泰蓝是中国的一种传统艺术品。因其在明朝景泰年间盛行，而且以蓝色为主，故而得名“景泰蓝”。

Jing Tai Lan is a kind of Chinese traditional works of art. It got the name because it was very popular during the years of Jing Tai in the Ming Dynasty with blue as its main color.--Gui Yizhi (talk) 16:38, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

C.夏代之后，漆器品种渐多，在战国时期，漆器业独领风骚，形成长达5个世纪的空前繁荣。战国时漆器生产规模已经很大，被国家列入重要的经济收入来源，并设专人管理。

After the Xia Dynasty, the variety of lacquerware increased, and the craft flourished for five centuries starting in the Warring States Period from 475 B. C.to 221 B. C. The scale of lacquerware production had already become very large in the Warring States Period. Lacquerware was one of the main economic resources of the time, and there were specific offcials in charge of its production.--Gui Yizhi (talk) 16:38, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

D.中国的印章篆刻始于古代，贯穿于整个秦朝。篆刻的印帝最初是作为皇帝的玉玺来使用的。皇家的印章被称为玺并且只能由皇室成员使用。

Chinese seal carving first appeared in ancient times and was used throughout the Qin Dynasty. It was initially employed as an imperial seal. These imperial seal carvings named Xi were used only by the royalty.--Gui Yizhi (talk) 16:38, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Guo Lu 郭露

1. 宋代时期崇尚刺绣服装的风气，已逐渐在民间广泛流行，这也促使了中国丝绣工艺的发展。The vogue of the embroidered clothings in Song Dynasty had gone popular among folks, which also promoted the development of the Chinese silk embroidery.

2.景泰蓝是一种中国传统的手工艺精品，其历史可追溯至600多年前。Cloisonne is a kind of Chinese traditional handicrafts, which history can be traced back to 600 years ago.

3. 沈绍安乃福州人，善漆工。漆器之有脱胎，系其始创。Born in Fuzhou, Fujian province, Shen Shaoan was good at lacquering. And it was him who created the earliest bodiless lacquer.

4. 中国四川的乐山大佛是世界上最大的佛像雕刻。 它高达71米， 修建于唐代。 The Giant Stone Buddha at Leshan Mountain in Sichuan, carved in the Tang Dynasty, is 71 metres high, making it the largest statue of Buddha in the world.

--Guo Lu (talk) 02:45, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

Ha, Thi Thu Hang

1. Embroidery is done with colored silk thread in different stitches.There are many kinds of hand-embroidery.

用不同针脚的彩色丝线绣制。手工刺绣有很多种。--HATHITHUHANG2 (talk) 17:24, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

刺绣指的是将彩色丝线用不同针法绣制的工艺。手工刺绣有许多种类。--Guo Lu (talk) 02:55, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

2. Base-hammering is the first step in the making of cloisonne

基础锤打是景泰蓝制作的第一步。--HATHITHUHANG2 (talk) 17:24, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3. Chinese lacquerware is elaborate in workmanship, elegant in appearance and harmonious in color.

中国漆器做工精细，外观高雅，色彩和谐。--HATHITHUHANG2 (talk) 17:24, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4. Wood carving was mostly limited to religious sculpture and architecture and furniture decoration in the past centuries.

木雕过去主要限于宗教雕塑，建筑和家具装饰。--HATHITHUHANG2 (talk) 17:24, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

He Changqi 何长琦

1.苏州一带盛产丝绸，民风又以细腻著称，苏绣因而大盛，苏绣有以针作画、巧夺天工的美名

Suzhou is abundant in silk,and people here and in the surrounding areas are known for their meticulous work style. For those two reasons ,embroidery has developed quickly,with Suzhou embroidery gaining the reputation of "using needles to draw pictures with superb craft surpassing nature."

2.这项工艺始创于明代景泰年间（1450-1456），初创时的颜色主要是蓝色，所以称为“景泰蓝”。到了成化年间（1465-1487），景泰蓝技术进一步成熟，此期作品沉稳凝重又透明灵动。

The making of cloisonne first appeared in Jingtai region(1450-1457) of the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644), with the main color used being blue,hence the name "Jingtai"or cloisonne as it became known later on.By the time of the Chenghua region（1465-1487），the techniques for making cloisonne were further developed,with products of this period looking heavy and dignified yet not lacking in eloquence or vividness.

3.漆器生产工序复杂，耗工耗时，漆器品种又特别繁多，不仅用于装饰家具，器皿，文具和艺术品，而且还应用于乐器，丧葬用具，兵器等。

Lacquerware production is complicated and time-consuming. lacquerware is rich in variety and it can not only used to decorate furniture, utensils, stationery and artwork, but also used in Musical Instruments, funeral utensils, weapons and so on.

4.在中国，木雕主要分成三个类别：建筑雕刻、家具雕刻和艺术品雕刻。中国的木雕以其令人印象深刻的细致构造和主题之美受到了全世界的欣赏.

In China, caving contains three categories: building caving,furniture caving and handcraft caving.Chinese caving has impressed the world by its delicate structure and meaningful themes,thus gaining appreciation around the global.

--He Changqi (talk) 02:38, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

In China, wood carving contains three categories: building carving, furniture carving and handcraft carving. Chinese wood caving has impressed the world by its delicate structure and meaningful themes, thus gaining appreciation around the global. --Chen Han (talk) 06:36, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Hu Baihui 胡百辉

1.景泰蓝，北京著名的汉族传统手工艺品，距今已有600多年的历史。 Cloisonne, a famous traditional handicraft of Han nationality in Beijing, has a history of more than 600 years.

2.用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。 The daily utensils, handicrafts and fine arts made by painting on the surface of various utensils are generally called "lacquerware".

3.木工，是一门工艺，一门独有的技术，也是建筑常用的技术。 Carpentry is a craft, a unique technology, and also a common technology in architecture.

4.刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，在中国至少有二三千年历史。 Embroidery is one of the traditional Chinese folk crafts, which has a history of at least two or three thousand years in China.--Hu Baihui (talk) 02:15, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

Hu Jin 胡瑾

1.刺绣（Embroidery）是中国艺术的一颗璀璨明珠,在秦汉时期就已达到较高的水平.它是一门传统工艺,有各种样式,广泛分布于中国的各个地区.

Embroidery is a brilliant pearl of Chinese art,which had already reached a high level in the Qin and Han dynasties. Embroidery is a traditional craft with diverse styles,which spread over the different regions of China.

2. 景泰蓝又称"铜胎掐丝珐琅"，是一种中国传统的手工艺精品。它以细扁铜丝作线条，在铜制的胎地上捏出各种图案花纹，再将五彩珐琅点填在花纹内，经烧制、磨平、镀金而成。

Cloisonné, which is also called copper padding thread weaving enamel, is a kind of Chinese traditional handicrafts. The manufacture of cloisonné ware requires an elaborate and complicated process, namely, base-hammering, copper-wire curving, soldering, polishing, and gilding, ect.

3.漆器一般鬓朱饰黑，或鬓黑饰朱，以优美的图案在器物表面构成一个绚丽的彩色世界。

Lacquerware was, however, usually coated black and decorated with red de-signs or coated red and decorated with black designs.

Lacquerware is generally decorated with black on the vermilion temples, or decorated with cinnabar on the black temples, and forms a gorgeous colorful world on the surface of the ware with beautiful patterns.--Zou Xinyu2 (talk) 10:06, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Zou Xinyu

4.很多陶塑、骨雕、石刻作品都是多元的艺术作品形态，其中很多作品甚至到了炉火纯青的阶段，体现了精神的艺术水准。

Many pottery sculptures, bone carvings and stone carvings are equipped with diversified forms of artistic works, many of which have even reached the perfect stage, reflecting the spiritual artistic level.--Hu Jin (talk) 07:50, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Jiang Qiwei 蒋淇玮

1.刺绣是针线在织物上绣制的各种装饰图案的总称，也是一种民间传统手工艺，在中国至少有两千年历史，分为丝线刺绣和羽毛刺绣两种。中国刺绣主要有苏绣、湘绣、蜀绣和粤绣四大门类，技法有乱针绣、挑花等，用途主要包括生活和艺术装饰，如服装、床上用品、舞台、艺术品装饰。 Embroidery is a kind of traditional folk handcraft of decorating fabric with needles and thread. With a history of about two thousand years, it can be classified into silk embroidery and feather embroidery. Chinese embroidery comprises four kinds, namely Suzhou embroidery, Hunan embroidery, Sichuan embroidery, and Guangdong embroidery, and boasts several techniques, covering crewel embroidery, cross-stitch work and so on. Embroidery is mainly found in life and art decoration, including clothes, beddings, stage, and artworks.

2.景泰蓝是中国的著名特种金属工艺品之一，属于国家级非物质文化遗产。 因其使用的珐琅釉多以蓝色为主，故名。以其悠久的历史、典雅优美的造型、鲜艳夺目的色彩、华丽多姿的图案、繁多的品种造型著名。 Cloisonne is one of the famed and special metal handicrafts in China, which is national intangible cultural heritage. Named after the blue enamel it mainly adopts, it is well-known for its long history, ornate patterns and various designs.

3.漆器是指用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等。 漆器有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，中国从新石器时代起就认识了漆的性能并用以制器，历经商周直至明清，中国的漆器工艺不断发展，达到了相当高的水平。 Lacquerware refers to the daily ware, crafts and artworks whose surfaces are painted with lacquer. It has the characteristics of moisture resistance, high-temperature resistance, and corrosion prevention. Since the neolithic age, Chinese people have been awared of the quality of lacquer and employed it to make ware. From Shang and Zhou Dynasties to Ming and Qing Dynasties, the lacquer craft has been developing continuously and reached a high level.

4.雕刻指用工具削去材料的一部分以塑造出特定的形状。这项技艺适用于所有能被工具打磨，且被削去部分后仍能维持形态的固体。作为制作雕塑的一种方法，雕刻与其他方法有所不同，因为其他方法采用柔软且有延展性的材料，如粘土和玻璃液。这些材料能在其柔软的时候塑形，之后变硬定型。相较之下，雕刻要费工得多。 Carving is the act of using tools to shape something from a material by scraping away portions of that material. The technique can be applied to any material that is solid enough to hold a form even when pieces have been removed from it, and yet soft enough for portions to be scraped away with available tools. Carving, as a means for making sculpture, is distinct from methods using soft and malleable materials like clay or melted glass, which may be shaped into the desired forms while soft and then harden into that form. Carving tends to require much more work than methods using malleable materials.--Jiang Qiwei (talk) 06:36, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Kang Haoyu 康浩宇

原来绣这璎珞的也是个姑苏女子，名唤慧娘。因她亦是书香宦门之家，她原精于书画，不过偶然绣一两件针线作耍，并非市卖之物。凡这屏上所绣的花卉，皆仿的是唐、宋、元、明各名家的折枝花卉。 It turned out that the one who the embroidered the wreaths called Huiniang, also a Suzhou woman. Grew up in a literary and prominent family as well, she used to be proficient in calligraphy and paintings and did some embroideries occasionally just for pleasure instead of sale. All the flowers embroidered on the cloth are imitations of great painters' works of Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties.--Kang Haoyu (talk) 07:19, 9 October 2020 (UTC) It turned out that the one who embroidered the wreaths called Huiniang, also a girl from Suzhou. Raised up in a literary and prominent family, she used to be proficient in calligraphy and paintings and did some embroideries occasionally just for pleasure instead of sale. All the flowers embroidered on the cloth are imitations of great painters' works of Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties.--Liu Yiyu (talk) 05:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Liu Yiyu

中国有句很有哲理的老话，“他山之石，可以攻玉”，即使这种以金属为胎填敷珐琅釉料烧制而成的作品是舶来品，但在中华民族博大精深的艺术土壤上，也很快就融会了中华民族的传统风格，成为中国工艺美术史上一颗璀璨的明珠。 There is a very philosophical old saying in China, "A stone from another mountain can attack jade". Even if this work, made by filling enamel glaze with metal as a tire and then getting fired, is imported from elsewhere, it quickly melts the traditional style of the Chinese nation in the profound artistic soil of the Chinese nation and becomes a bright pearl in the history of Chinese arts and crafts.--Kang Haoyu (talk) 07:19, 9 October 2020 (UTC) There is a very philosophical old saying in China, "A stone from another mountain can attack jade". Even if this work, made by filling enamel glaze with metal as a tire and then getting fired, is imported from elsewhere, it quickly melts itself into the traditional style of the Chinese nation in the profound artistic soil of the Chinese nation and becomes a bright pearl in the history of Chinese arts and crafts.--Liu Yiyu (talk) 05:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Liu Yiyu

一号墓出土了大量陪葬用漆器，如杯、盘、化妆盒等，杯盘内底上写有“君幸食”、“君幸酒”字样，还有注明器物容量的。外表光亮如新，可见汉初漆器制造工业水平较发达。 A large number of lacquerwares for burial, such as cups, plates, cosmetic boxes, etc., were unearthed from Tomb No.1. The words such as "君幸食"(eat well) and "君幸酒"(drink well) were written on the inner bottom of the cups and plates .There were also indicators of the capacity of utensils. The appearance of these lacquerwares is bright as new, which shows that the lacquerware manufacturing industry in the early Han Dynasty is relatively developed.--Kang Haoyu (talk) 07:19, 9 October 2020 (UTC) 木雕种类纷繁复杂，各大流派经过数百年的发展，形成各自独特的工艺风格，享誉全国。 There are many kinds of woodcarving. After hundreds of years of development, each major school has formed its own unique craft style, which is well-known throughout the country.--Kang Haoyu (talk) 07:19, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Lei Fangyuan 雷方圆

1.刺绣在中国已有几千年的历史，是中国传统手工艺上的璀璨星光。我国刺绣主要分为湘绣、苏绣、蜀绣和越绣四类。 Embroidery has a history of thousands of years in China, which is the bright star of Chinese traditional crafts.Chinese embroidery is mainly divided into four types:Xiang Xiu, Su Xiu, Shu Xiu and Yue Xiu.--Lei Fangyuan (talk) 01:24, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Embroidery,with a history of thousands of years in China, is the bright star of traditional Chinese crafts. Chinese embroideryis mainly divided into four types:Hunan embroidery,Suzhou embroidery, Sichuan embroidery and Guangdong embroidery.--Zeng Liang (talk) 07:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.在这个具有五千年悠久历史的国度里，涌现着一批批能工巧匠，他们将自己智慧的结晶，化作一件件精美绝伦的工艺品流传于世。景泰蓝便是这批工艺品中一颗璀璨的明珠，熠熠生辉。

In this country with a long history of five thousand years, there emerged a batch of skilled craftsmen who turn the crystallization of their wisdom into pieces of exquisite crafts and handed it down in the world. Cloisonne is a bright pearl in this batch of crafts, shining.--Lei Fangyuan (talk) 02:05, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

In this country with a long history of five thousand years, there emeged a batch of skilled craftsmen who turned the crystallization of their wisdom into pieces of exquisite crafts and handed it down in the world. Cloisonne is a bright pearl in this batch of crafts,shining brilliantly.--Zeng Liang (talk) 07:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

In this country with a long history of five thousand years,there emerged batches of skilled craftsmen who turned their wisdom into pieces of exquisite crafts and handed them down in the world. Cloisonne, as a bright pearl, shines in this batch of crafts.--Zhang Yu (talk) 07:40, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.中国是漆器的发源地，早在七千多年前，人们已经开始在漆树中采割乳液。生漆的主要成分是漆酚、漆酶、蛋白质和水。这些物质同漆树一同生长。温度、光照、湿度，哪怕再细微的变化都有可能让生漆的成分发生变化。 China is the birthplace of lacquerware, as early as more than seven thousand years ago, people began to cut emulsions from lacquer trees. The main components of raw lacquer are urushiol, laccase, protein and water. These substances grow with lacquer trees. Temperature, light, humidity, even if the slightest change may make the composition of raw lacquer change.--Lei Fangyuan (talk) 02:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

China is the birthplace of lacquerware. As early as more than seven thousand years ago, people began to cut emulsions from lacquer trees. The main components of raw lacquer are urushiol, laccase, protein and water. These substances grow with lacquer trees. Temperature, light, humidity, even if the slightest change may make the composition of raw lacquer change.--Zeng Liang (talk) 07:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Lei Kuangxi 雷旷溪

1、随着蚕丝的使用，丝织品的产生与发展，刺绣工艺也逐渐兴起，宋代时期崇尚刺绣服装的风气，已逐渐在民间广泛流行，这也促使了中国丝绣工艺的发展。

With the use of Silk, the emergence and development of Silk Fabrics, as well as the embroidery technology has gradually arisen, Song Dynasty advocate the embroidered clothing,it has gradually popular among the people, which also prompted the development of Chinese silk embroidery process.

With the use of natural silk, the emergence and development of silk fabrics, embroidery has gradually risen. Wearing embroidery clothes is prevailing in Song Dynasty ,and has a widespread popularity among its people, which has prompted the development of Chinese silk embroidery as well.--Gui Yizhi (talk) 03:36, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

2、景泰蓝诞生于皇宫，是皇家重要的组成部分，是皇宫大殿的主要陈设，亦是镇殿之宝。

Cloisonne was born in the palace, which is an important part of the Royal Palace and the main decoration of the palace.it is also the town hall treasure.

3、漆器一般指涂以透明或不透明漆的某些木制或陶瓷、金属物件。中国古代漆器的漆，是从漆树上采割下来的天然液汁。

Lacquerware generally refers to certain wood or ceramic or metal objects coated with transparent or opaque lacquer. The lacquer of Chinese ancient lacquerware is the natural juice cut from the lacquer tree.

4、细雕在玉雕工艺中就是对粗雕的玉器进行精细修饰。这是使玉雕作品进一步完美和增添神采的过程。在这一过程中需要对玉器的许多细部进行雕琢。

Fine carving in the jade carving process is the fine modification of the rough carved jade ware. This is to further perfect the jade carving work and add to the process. In this process, many details of the jade articles need to be carved.--Lei kuangxi (talk) 14:32, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Lei kuangxi

Li Lili 李丽丽

1.刺绣是用针和线把人的设计和制作添加在任何存在的织物上的一种艺术。刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，在中国至少有二三千年历史。 Embroidery is the art adding human design and production to any fabric that exits with needles and threads. It is one of the traditional Chinese folk crafts, which has a history of at least two or three thousand years in China.--Li LIli (talk) 07:50, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili

Embroidery is the art which adds human design and production to any fabric by using needles and threads. It is one of the traditional Chinese folk crafts, which has a history of at least two or three thousand years in China.--Gao Mingzhu (talk) 14:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu

2.景泰蓝有着很悠久的发展史，然而因现有文献记载不足，缺少早期有可靠年款的制品为断代依据，所以至今没有定论。 Cloisonne has a very long history of development, however, due to the lack of existing documents and reliable early model products as the basis for dating, so there is still no final conclusion.--Li LIli (talk) 07:50, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili--Gao Mingzhu (talk) 14:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu

3.用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。 The daily utensils, handicrafts and fine arts made by painting lacquer on the surface of various utensils are generally called "lacquerware".--Li LIli (talk) 07:50, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili

The daily utensils, handicrafts and fine arts made by painting lacquer on their surface are generally called "lacquerware".--Gao Mingzhu (talk) 14:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu

4.一个雕刻完成的作品可以被称为雕刻，但雕塑一词通常被用来指具有严肃艺术意涵或美学意涵的作品。 The carved works can be called sculpture, but the term sculpture is often used to refer to the works with serious artistic or aesthetic implications.--Li LIli (talk) 07:50, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili

Li Liqin 李丽琴

1. 刺绣是我国优秀的民族传统工艺之一。明朝封建王朝的宫廷绣工规模很大，民间刺绣也得到进一步发展，先后产生了苏绣、粤绣、湘绣、蜀绣，号称“四大名绣”。

Embroidery is a splendid traditional craft in China. During the Ming Dynasty, the embroidery scale in the imperial court is large, and folk embroidery witnessed further development. Su embroidery, Yue embroidery, Xiang embroidery and Shu embroidery emerged successively, known as the four prominent embroidery products. --Li Liqin (talk) 05:57, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Embroidery is a splendid traditional national craft in China. In the Ming Dynasty, the embroidery scale in the imperial court was large, and the folk embroidery enjoyed further development. Su embroidery, Yue embroidery, Xiang embroidery and Shu embroidery emerged successively, known as the Four Famous Embroideries.--Guan Qinqing (talk) 05:17, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2. 景泰蓝在明朝景泰年间盛行，又因其使用的珐琅釉多以蓝色为主，故而得名“景泰蓝”。于2006年入选首批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。作为一种宫廷艺术，景泰蓝是明清宫中高贵的装饰艺术品，是皇室权力与地位的象征。

The name of cloisonné comes from the facts that, it gained popularity during the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty and the enamel glaze used was mostly blue. In 2006, it was included in the first national intangible cultural heritage list. As a court art, it is a noble decorative art in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, as well as a symbol of royal power and status. --Li Liqin (talk) 05:57, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3. 大约在七千多年前，我们的祖先就已经能制造漆器了。在战国时期，漆器业独领风骚，形成长达五个世纪的空前繁荣。

Our ancestors were able to produce lacquerware more than 7000 years ago. In the Warring States Period, lacquerware industry took the lead and its unprecedented prosperity lasted 500 years. --Li Liqin (talk) 05:57, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

4. 我国木雕艺术源远流长。木雕刚开始是一种不自觉的行为，直到人们有了审美，才真正成为一门艺术。2008年6月7日，木雕经国务院批准列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。

China’s wood carving runs a long history. Wood carving began as an involuntary act, and it didn’t become an art until people can observe things aesthetically. On June 7, 2008, it was approved by the State Council to be included in the second list of national intangible cultural heritage.--Li Liqin (talk) 05:57, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Liu Liu 刘柳

1.心灵手巧的苏州绣娘们，以针代笔，积丝累线，通过一针一线，花上数天或数年的时间，绣出形神兼备、配色秀雅、色泽文静的作品。

It takes days or even years for ingenious female embroider of Suzhou to embroider works with the unity of form and spirit,elegant color and delicate luster stitch by stitch.

2.在这个具有五千年悠久历史的国度里，涌现着一批批能工巧匠，他们将自己智慧的结晶，化作一件件精妙绝伦的工艺品流传于世。

Numbers of skillful craftsmen have emerged in China,a country with five thousand years of history.They have created plenty of magnificent artwares with their wisdom all over the world.

3.如果说瓷器像茉莉花一样清新高雅，那么景泰蓝一定像美艳的牡丹高贵大气，虽然它们各有千秋，但不同于瓷器的是景泰蓝的制作工序更为复杂，造型也更多变。

Porcelain is as fresh and exquisite as jasmine,while cloisonné is as gorgeous and noble as peony.Although each has its own merits,unlike porcelain,it’s more complicated to make cloisonné and it’s more varied in shape.

4.玉雕是中国独有的技艺，具有悠久的发展历史和鲜明的时代特征，不同的朝代，玉雕有着不同的造型与特色。

As a unique craft in China,jade carving is of great antiquity and of distinctive characters of the times.It shows different shape and feature in different dynasties.--Liu Liu (talk) 03:15, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

Liu Ou 刘欧

1.湘绣与苏绣、蜀绣、粤绣齐名，为中国四大名绣之一。 Xiang (Hu Nan) Embroidery was regarded as one of the four famous embroidery in China, the others being Su (Su Zhou) Embroidery, Shu (Si Chuan) Embroidery and Yue (Guang Dong) Embroidery.

2.景泰蓝是最具北京特色的传统手工艺之一。 Cloisonne is one of the traditional handcrafts featured with Beijing flavor.

3.漆器制作非常费时。 Lacquerware takes plent of time to make.

Lacquerware takes plenty of time to make.--Chen Jingjing (talk) 10:12, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing

4.木雕工序异常繁杂，足足有8道工序，最难的就是绘制图案。 The eight procedures of carving making are extraordinary complicated，among which the most difficult is drawing the pattern.--Liu Ou (talk) 11:46, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝是最具北京特色的传统手工艺之一。

Cloisonné is one of the most distinctive traditional handicrafts of Beijing. --Zhang Weihong (talk) 15:01, 10 October 2020 (UTC) Zhang Weihong

3.漆器制作非常费时。

The production of lacquerware is time-consuming. --Zhang Weihong (talk) 15:01, 10 October 2020 (UTC) Zhang Weihong

Liu Yi 刘艺

1.刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，在中国至少有二三千年历史。中国刺绣主要有苏绣、湘绣、蜀绣和粤绣四大门类。

1.Embroidery is one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts, with a history of at least two to three thousand years in China. There are four main categories of Chinese embroidery: Suzhou embroidery, Hunan embroidery, Sichuan embroidery and Guangdong embroidery.--Liu Yi (talk) 15:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

1.Embroidery is one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts, which has a history of at least two to three thousand years in China. Chinese embroidery mainly includes Su embroidery, Xiang embroidery, Shu embroidery and Yue embroidery.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 14:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

2.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。关于景泰蓝的起源，考古界没有统一的答案。一种观点认为景泰蓝诞生于唐代。

2.Beijing is the birthplace of China's cloisonne and the most important place of production. About the origin of cloisonne, there is no unified answer in the archaeological world. One view is that cloisonne was born in the Tang Dynasty.--Liu Yi (talk) 15:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

2. Beijing is the birthplace of cloisonne in China and the most important producing area. There is no unified answer in the archaeological world to the origin of cloisonne. One view holds that cloisonne originated in the Tang Dynasty.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 14:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.中国古代漆器的工艺，早在新石器时代就已经出现，夏代的漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀.

3.The craftsmanship of ancient Chinese lacquerware has appeared as early as the Neolithic Age. The lacquerware of the Xia Dynasty was used not only in daily life, but also in sacrifices.--Liu Yi (talk) 15:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

3. The craft of lacquerware in ancient China appeared as early as the Neolithic Age. Lacquerware in the Xia Dynasty was not only for daily use, but also for sacrifice.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 14:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

4.总之，刀法就是雕刻家用来体现自己创作构思的技术手法，也是形象地揭示艺术内容的手段。

4.To conclude, the knife technique is a kind of skill used by the sculptor to show his creative ideas, and it is also a means to reveal the artistic content vividly.--Liu Yi (talk) 15:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

4.In a word, knife cutting is the technique used by sculptors to embody their creative ideas, and it is also a means to vividly reveal the artistic content.--Ding Daifeng (talk) 14:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Liu Yiyu 刘怡瑜

在原始社会，人们用纹身、纹面来进行装饰。自从有了麻布、毛纺织品、丝织品，有了衣服，人们就开始在衣服上刺绣图腾等各式纹样。 In primitive society, people used tattoos for ornament. Since the advent of linen, woolen textiles, silk fabrics, and clothes, people began to embroider totems and other patterns on clothes. People in the primitive society used tattoos for decorations. But with the advent of linen, woolen textiles, silk fabrics, and clothes, people began to embroider totems and other patterns on clothes.--Li LIli (talk) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili

清代初期的景泰蓝缺乏独创性，无论造型、色彩和装饰大都沿袭了明代的风格。 For lack of originality, the cloisonne in the early Qing Dynasty, with most of its shapes, colors and decorations was handed down from those of the Ming Dynasty. The cloisonne in the early Qing Dynasty, in the absence of originality, followed the style of the Ming Dynasty in terms of its shapes, colors and decorations.--Li LIli (talk) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili

明代时期的工艺美术跨入新的阶段，官方设厂专制御用的各种漆器，并由著名的漆艺家管理。除了官设的漆器厂外，民间漆器生产也遍及大江南北。 The arts and crafts of the Ming Dynasty made a breakthrough, and the government set up factories to exclusively manufacture various lacquerware for the royal use, and the factories were managed by celebrated lacquer artists. Besides the official lacquerware factories, folk lacquerware production also spreads across the country. The arts and crafts of the Ming Dynasty entered a new stage:the government set up factories to manufacture various lacquerware exclusively for the royal, which were managed by celebrated lacquer artists. Besides the official lacquerware factories, folk ones also were scattered across China.--Li LIli (talk) 09:59, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili

中国历代修建的石塔甚多，其中运用石雕刻艺术装饰者常见，而在寺观内的塔中石雕刻内容多与各种宗教文化有关。 In the past, there were many stone towers in China. Towers with stone cravings decoration are common, and in temples, the carvings on the towers are mostly related to diverse religious cultures.--Liu Yiyu (talk) 04:57, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Liu Yiyu There were many stone towers through Chinese dynasties, of which towers with stone cravings decoration were common. And the carvings on wall of the towers in the temples were mostly related to diverse religious cultures.--Li LIli (talk) 09:59, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Li Lili

Lou Cancan 娄灿灿

1 苏绣是流传于苏州及其周边地区的民间刺绣工艺，形成于三国时期，与粤绣、湘绣、蜀绣并称中国四大名绣，至今已有2000余年的历史。明清时期，苏绣开始成熟并且逐渐形成了精细、雅洁的风格，它的传承完整且没有断代。

Su Embroidery used to be a popular folk craft in the Yangtze River area around Suzhou City. Together with Yue, Xiang, and Shu embroideries, they are called the Four Famous Embroideries of China. Emerged in the Three Kingdoms Period, Su Embroidery has a history of more than 2000 years. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, it prospered and generally developed its delicate and elegant styles. The legacy of Su Embroidery is consistent without any discontinuities.--Lou Cancan (talk) 12:11, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

2 景泰蓝（Cloisonne），中国的著名特种金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺技术制作达到了最巅峰，这一期间制作出的工艺品最为精美，故后人称这种金属器为“景泰蓝”。

Cloisonne is one of China's famous special metal handiworks. This kind of craft reached its peak in the Jingtai period of the Ming dynasty when craftsmen produced the most exquisite cloisonnes, so the later generations called this kind of metal ware "Cloisonne".--Lou Cancan (talk) 12:11, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Cloisonne, one of the famous special metal handicrafts in China, reached its peak during the Jingtai period of Ming Dynasty, and the handicrafts produced during this period were the most exquisite, so it was later called "cloisonne".--Kang Haoyu (talk) 07:26, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3 漆器起源于中国，千百年来一直与中国人的生活息息相关，从王侯贵族到平民百姓，漆器始终是生活的日用器物。

Lacquerware originate in China and have been closely related to the life of Chinese people for thousands of years. From the aristocratic to common people, lacquerware have always been daily-used articles.--Lou Cancan (talk) 12:11, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Lacquerware originated in China and has been closely related to the lives of Chinese people for thousands of years. From princes and nobles to common people, lacquerware has always been a daily utensil of life.--WuQiong (talk) 14:57, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

4 众所周知，玉雕是中国最古老的雕刻品种之一。早在新石器时代晚期，中华民族就有了玉制工具。商周时期，制玉成为一种专业，玉器是礼仪用具和装饰佩件。在中国古代，玉被当作美好品物的标志和德行的象征。

It is universally acknowledged by the world that jade carving (玉雕) is one of the oldest carving arts in China. Crude jade tools appeared in China as early as in the late Neolithic Age (新石器时代). And in the primitive society, our ancestries began to make manufacturing jade tools such as knife, shovel, ax and lance and the jade ornaments. Jade carving became an industry in the Shang (商) (16th century BC- 11th century BC) and Zhou (周) (11th BC- 221 BC) dynasties. Jade wares were used in rituals or as decorative pendants. In ancient China, jade was also regarded as a symbol of refinement and moral ethics. --Lou Cancan (talk) 12:11, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Luo Weijia 罗维嘉

1.苏绣已有2000多年的历史，是中国艺术史与民俗历上一种重要的手艺形式。作为中国传统民间艺术的代表，以针法多样、图案秀丽、色彩高雅以及工艺精湛而闻名。

Su embroidery already has a history more than 2,000 years and is an important form of handicraft in the history of Chinese art and folk custom. As a representative of Chinese traditional folk arts，it is famous for its variety of stitches, beautiful patterns, elegant colors, and consummate craftsmanship.--Luo Weijia (talk) 02:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.古时，景泰蓝技艺大部分用于衣服上的珠宝及小配件、武器或是一些几何纹饰的小物件上。

In antiquity, the cloisonné technique was mostly used for jewelry and small fittings for clothes, weapons or similar small objects decorated with geometric designs.--Luo Weijia (talk) 02:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.中国商朝时期，精湛的漆器公益发展成为一项极具艺术性的技艺。

During the Shang dynasty of China, sophisticated lacquer process techniques developed into a highly artistic craft.--Luo Weijia (talk) 02:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

During the Shang Dynasty（B.C 1600-B.C 1046）, the exquisite lacquer ware developed into an artistic craft.--Wu Yilu (talk) 11:56, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.木雕的制作已被广泛应用，但因其易腐朽、遭虫害和火灾，远不如石雕和铜雕那样保存完好。

The making of sculpture in wood has been extremely widely practised, but survives much less well than stone and bronze sculptures, as it is vulnerable to decay, insect damage, and fire. --Luo Weijia (talk) 02:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Luo Yuqing 罗雨晴

1.四大名绣形成于十九世纪中叶，它的产生除了本身的艺术特点外，另一个重要原因就是绣品商业化的结果。由于市场需求和刺绣产地的不同，刺绣工艺品作为一种商品开始形成了各自的地方特色，其中苏、蜀、粤、湘四个地方的产品销路尤广，故有"四大名绣"之称。

“The four famous embroideries" was formed in the middle of the 19th century. In addition to its own artistic characteristics, the commercialization of embroidery is another important reason . Due to the different market demand and its places of origin, embroidery crafts as a kind of commodity have formed their own local features. Among them, Su, Shu, Yue and Xiang (Suzhou Province，Sichuan Province, Guangdong Province and Hunan Province) have a wide market in that they are called "four famous embroidery".--Luo Yuqing (talk) 13:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.如果说瓷器像茉莉花一样清新高雅，那么景泰蓝一定是美艳的牡丹花高贵大气，虽然他们各有千秋，但不同于瓷器的是景泰蓝的制作工序更为复杂，造型也更多变。

If porcelain is as fresh and elegant as jasmine, cloisonne must be a beautiful peony with noble atmosphere. Although both of them have their own merits, cloisonne has more complex production process and more changeable shapes than porcelain does.--Luo Yuqing (talk) 13:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆器一般指涂以透明或不透明漆的某些木制、陶瓷或金属物件。中国古代漆器的漆，是从漆树上采割下来的天然液汁。漆树产于中国，约10年树龄可割取树液做为生漆。

Lacquer ware generally refers to some wooden, ceramic and metal objects coated with transparent or opaque paint. The lacquer of ancient Chinese lacquerware is the natural juice collected from lacquer tree. Lacquer tree is produced in China and it can be harvested from the sap of nearly ten-years-old trees as raw lacquer.--Luo Yuqing (talk) 13:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.传统雕刻即以手工的方式运用刀、斧等工具在木材、石材等基料上进行艺术创作。现代雕刻根据工具和方法的不同可分为化学蚀刻、电蚀刻、手工雕刻、激光雕刻、标记雕刻、机械雕刻、辊模雕刻等。

Traditional carving is to use knife, axe and other tools to create art on wood, stone and other basic materials by hand. According to the different tools and methods, modern engraving can be divided into chemical etching, electric etching, manual carving, laser engraving, marking engraving, mechanical engraving, roller mold engraving, etc.--Luo Yuqing (talk) 13:20, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Mo Ling 莫玲

1.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称，给人以圆润坚实、细腻工整、金碧辉煌、繁花似锦的艺术感受，成为驰名世界的传统手工艺品。

Beijing is the birthplace and the most important producing area of Chinese cloisonne.It is known for its elegant and magnificent shapes,manifoid patterns as well as comely and dignified colors,leaving people an artistic impression of solidity,fineness,magnificence and affluence. Thus it gains world fame as Chinese traditional handicraft.

Beijing is the birthplace of Chinese cloisonne and the most important place of its production. Chinese cloisonne is known for its elegant and magnificent shapes, manifold patterns as well as comely and dignified colors, leaving people an artistic impression of solidity,fineness,magnificence and affluence. Thus it gains a fame all over the world as the Chinese traditional handicraft.--Ouyang Ling

2.湘绣作品以国画为题材，与绘画相结合，具有构图章法严谨，形象生动逼真，色差鲜明，质感强烈，形神皆备，远观气势宏伟，近看出神入化的效果。曾有"绣花花生香，鸟能听声，绣虎能奔跑，绣人能传神"的美誉。

Hunan embroidery draws materials from Chinese painting and integrates painting into itself.It embodies strict composition,vivid image,dinstinct color divergence and intense texture.If seen from afar,it shows an magnificent momentum,while if observed closely,it becomes spiritualized.The flowers，birds,tigers and people in Hunan embroidery are so vivid as if viewers can smell the flower fragrance,hear the bird chirping，see the tiger running and people coming to life.Thus,Hunan embroidery has won a wide reputation.

Hunan embroidery draws materials from Chinese painting and integrates painting into itself. It embodies strict composition,vivid images, dinstinct color divergence and intense texture, carrying both form and spirit. If seen from afar, it shows a magnificent momentum, while if observed closely,it becomes spiritualized. The flowers，birds,tigers and people in Hunan embroidery are so vivid as if viewers can smell the flower fragrance, hear the bird chirping，see the tiger running and people coming to life. Thus, Hunan embroidery has won a good reputation.--Ouyang Ling

3.陕西、河南、山西等地出土的与真人等高的石雕菩萨立像，敦煌莫高窟第159、194等窟的彩塑菩萨像，都女性化了，造型以当时贵族妇女形象为参照，丰颐长目，体态婀娜，缨络遍体，表现出超出了宗教氛围的富贵气息。

Feminine traits are conspicuous about the stone statues of Bodhisattvas at the same height as real people unearthed in Shaanxi, Henan, Shanxi and other places, and the colored statues of Bodhisattvas in caves 159 and 194 of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang. The models are based on the images of aristocratic women at that time. They are gorgeous,graceful and full of tassels, showing a rich and noble atmosphere beyond the religious atmosphere.

Feminine traits are conspicuous in the stone statues of Bodhisattvas at the same height as real people unearthed in Shaanxi, Henan, Shanxi and other places, and the colored statues of Bodhisattvas in caves 159 and 194 of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang. The models are based on the images of aristocratic women at that time. They have round chin and long eyes,graceful postures and tassels all over the body, showing a rich and noble atmosphere beyond the religious atmosphere.--Ouyang Ling

4.古漆者，光泽华，似乌金而非寒，明丽堂皇，有着庄重富贵的气质，古之时多为皇亲贵族所用。

Ancient lacquerwares were quite glossy, similar to black gold yet not cold.Besides being bright in appearance ,they sent out an solemn and affluent temperament,thus used by royal relatives and nobles in most cases in ancient times.--Mo Ling (talk) 02:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Mo Ling

Ancient lacquerwares were quite glossy, resembling black gold yet not cold. With bright and grand appearance ,they sent out a solemn and affluent temperament, thus being used by imperial relatives and nobles in most cases in ancient times.--Ouyang Ling

Ouyang Ling 欧阳玲

1.1958年，在中国长沙楚墓中出土了龙凤图案的刺绣品，这是两千多年前中国古代战国时期的刺绣品，是现在已经发现的中国最早的刺绣实物之一。

In 1958, some embroideries with dragon and phoenix patterns were unearthed from the Chu tombs in Changsha, China. They were made more than 2000 years ago, during the Warring States period in ancient China, and found as one of the earliest embroidery objects in China.

In 1958, some embroideries with dragon and phoenix patterns were unearthed from the Chu tombs in Changsha, China. They were made more than 2000 years ago, during the Warring States period in ancient China,one of the earliest embroidery objects in China.--Chen Jingjing (talk) 12:09, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing

2.景泰蓝是已有五百多年历史的中国传统工艺美术品，它以工艺精细复杂、色泽晶莹瑰丽、外表华丽而驰名中外。景泰蓝制作一共有六道工序：设计、制胎、掐丝、点蓝、磨光、镀金。

Cloisonne is Chinese tradiational arts and crafts with a history of more than 500 years. It is renowned both at home and abroad for its fine and complex workmanship，glittering and and magnificent luster and gorgeous appearance. There are six steps in making a cloisonne: design, mold-making, wire-weaving, color-filling, polishing and gilding.

3.中国的漆器制造工艺早在公元前200多年就传入日本，唐代漆器对日本的影响更大。目前中国的漆器主要是作为工艺品，装饰上繁琐俗艳，难以引起现代人的喜爱。要改变这种状况，必须向汉唐和日本的漆器学习，并进行创新，做出符合现代人审美观念的漆器来。

As early as in around 200 B.C., China's lacquerware-making craft was introduced into Japan, and the lacquerware of Tang Dynasty had a greater influence on Japan. Today, China's lacquerware is mainly used as handicrafts, and its decoration is fussy and gaudy, which can hardly be loved by modern people. In order to change the situation, lacquerware-making should learn from that of Han and Tang Dynasty and Japan. Innovation should be brought into the process and then the lacquerware in line with the modern aesthetic standard can be made.

As early as in around 200 B.C., China's lacquerware-making craft was introduced into Japan, and the lacquerware of Tang Dynasty has exerted a greater influence on Japan. Today, China's lacquerware is mainly used as handicrafts, and its decoration is fussy and gaudy, which can hardly gain popularity among modern people. In order to change the situation, it is a must to learn from Han and Tang Dynasty and Japan. Innovation should be brought into the process and then the lacquerware in line with the modern aesthetic standard can be made.--Chen Jingjing (talk) 12:09, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Chen Jingjing

4.我国的木雕艺术源远流长，发现的最早的木雕艺术品是在河姆渡出土的木雕鱼和辽宁新乐出土的木雕鸟。当时没有金属工具，凭原始的动物骨、齿和硬质的石块来磨刻，制作的艰难程度可以想象。

The art of wood carving in China has a long history. The first discovered wood carving works were the carved wooden fish unearthed in Hemudu, Zhejiang Province, and the carved wooden bird unearthed in Xinle, Liaoning Province. People of that time had no metal tools but the primitive animal bones, teeth and hard stones to grind and carve the wood, and the difficulty in the process of making can be imagined.--Ouyang Ling

Peng Ruihong 彭锐宏

1.刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，在中国至少有二三千年历史。中国刺绣主要有苏绣、湘绣、蜀绣和粤绣四大门类。刺绣的用途主要包括生活和艺术装饰，如服装、床上用品、台布、舞台、艺术品装饰。 Embroidery is one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts, with a history of at least two to three thousand years in China. There are four main categories of Chinese embroidery: Suzhou embroidery, Hunan embroidery, Shu embroidery and Yue embroidery. The uses of embroidery mainly include life and art decoration, such as clothing, bedding, tablecloth, stage, and artwork decoration.

2.关于景泰蓝的起源，考古界没有统一的答案。一种观点认为景泰蓝诞生于唐代；另一种说法是元代忽必烈西征时，从西亚、阿拉伯一带传进中国，先在云南一带流行，后得到京城人士喜爱，才传入中原。但有一点是学术界公认：明代宣德年间是中国景泰蓝制作工艺优点，并达到了一个新的顶峰时期，“景泰蓝”一词也从此诞生。 Regarding the origin of cloisonne, there is no unified answer in the archaeological world. One view is that cloisonné was born in the Tang Dynasty; another view is that during the Yuan Dynasty Kublai Khan was introduced to China from West Asia and Arabia, it was first popular in Yunnan, and was loved by people in Beijing before being introduced to the Central Plains. But one thing is recognized by academia: during the Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty, it was the advantage of Chinese cloisonne production technology, and reached a new peak period, and the term "cloisonne" was born.

3.明代时期的工艺美术跨入新的阶段，官方设厂专制御用的各种漆器，并由著名的漆艺家管理。除了官设的漆器厂外，民间漆器生产也遍及大江南北。明代江南漆器名家辈出﹐明初有张德刚﹐包亮﹐明代中期有方信川，明末有江千里等，并出现集漆器工艺之大成的著作。 The arts and crafts of the Ming Dynasty entered a new stage, and the government set up factories to exclusively manufacture various lacquerware for the royal use, and were managed by famous lacquer artists. In addition to the official lacquerware factories, the production of folk lacquerware also spreads across the country. Famous Jiangnan lacquerware masters in the Ming Dynasty appeared in large numbers, such as Zhang Degang and Bao Liang in the early Ming Dynasty, Fang Xinchuan in the mid Ming Dynasty, and Jiang Qianli in the late Ming Dynasty, and there were works that collected lacquer craftsmanship.

4.在过去的一个世纪中逐渐变得重要，但是雕刻和制模仍是两种主要的雕塑技法。一个雕刻完成的作品可以被称为雕刻，但雕塑一词通常被用来指具有严肃艺术意涵或美学意涵的作品。 It has gradually become important in the past century, but sculpture and model making are still the two main sculpture techniques. A finished work can be called a sculpture, but the term sculpture is usually used to refer to a work with serious artistic or aesthetic connotations.--Peng Ruihong (talk) 03:24, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Phyo, Su Kyi

1-法鲁卡巴德市以刺绣而闻名，以最美丽的手工皇家刺绣而著称，这种刺绣主要在所有类型的织物上完成，而扎多兹则风靡全球. Farrukhabad city is famous for embroidery which Known for its most beautiful handwork royal embroidery, this embroidery is done mostly on all type of fabric and zardozi is a global rage.

2-在中国和日本景泰蓝中进行区分的最简单，最简单的方法是查看两个金属物体的边界和边缘。中国景泰蓝是光滑和明亮的绿松石内饰的成品。相反，日本景泰蓝在珐琅上具有橘皮纹理。 The simplest and the easiest to way to differentiate between in the Chinese and Japanese cloisonné is to look at the border and rim of the two metal objects. Chinese cloisonné are finished products of smooth and bright turquoise interior. On the contrary, Japanese cloisonné have an orange peel texture on the enamel.

The easiest way to differentiate between the Chinese and Japanese cloisonne is to compare the border and rim of the two metal objects: Chinese cloisonne are finished products with smooth and bright turquoise interior, while Japanese cloisonne have an orange peel texture on the enamel.--Qu Miao (talk) 06:30, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3-漆器是指使用漆在器皿或艺术品的表面上绘画。漆器是中国的特产。生漆是从漆树上切下的天然液体，由漆，漆酶，胶质和水组成。 Lacquer ware refers to using lacquer to paint on the surface of wares or artwork. Lacquer ware is a special product of China. Raw lacquer is natural liquid cut from lacquer tree, which consists of laccol, laccase, gumminess and water.

4-其中最重要的是石材，木材，金属，粘土，象牙和石膏。这些也可以称为传统雕塑材料。有许多辅助材料，其中许多只是最近才开始使用。 The most important these are stone, wood, metal, clay, ivory and gypsum. These are also can be called traditional sculpture materials. There are many secondary materials, many of which have only recently begun to be used.

Among them, the most important ones are stone, wood, metal, clay, ivory and gypsum and they can also be called as traditional sculpture materials. There are many supplementary materials, many of which only be came to use recently.--Luo Yuqing (talk) 13:28, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Qu Miao 瞿淼

1.作为中国四大名绣之一的湘绣，向来以历史悠久，工艺精湛，风格独特而闻名海内外。迄今为止发现的最早的湘绣制品，是长沙马王堆一号汉代（公元前206年—公园220年）墓葬出土的一件丝织品，它所使用的针法与现代湘绣所差无几，说明早在两千多年的汉代，湘绣工艺就已经产生了。

Xiang embroidery, one of the four most famous style of embroidery in China, is always well-known both at home and abroad for its long history, delicate workmanship and unique style. The earliest work of Xiang embroidery ever found is a silk fabric unearthed at No 1 Han Dynasty tomb in Mawangdui(206-220AD), Changsha, Hunan province. The stitches it used is almost the same as that the modern Xiang embroidery uses, which proves that Xiang embroidery appeared as early as Han Dynasty(more than 2000 years ago).--Qu Miao (talk) 03:37, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Xiang embroidery, one of the four most famous styles of embroidery in China, is always well-known at home and abroad for its long history, delicate workmanship and unique style. The earliest example of Xiang embroidery ever found is a silk fabric unearthed at No 1 Han Dynasty tomb in Mawangdui(206-220AD), Changsha, Hunan province. The stitches it used is almost the same as that the modern Xiang embroidery uses, which proves that Xiang embroidery appeared as early as Han Dynasty(more than 2000 years ago).--Zhou Yiwen (talk) 13:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.  景泰蓝又称“铜胎掐丝珐琅”，是一种中国传统的手工艺精品。它以细扁铜丝作线条，在铜制的胎地上捏出各种图案花纹，再将五彩珐琅点填在花纹内，经烧制、磨平、镀金而成。

Cloisonne, also called copper padding thread weaving enamel, is an exquisite Chinese traditional handcraft. It is made firstly by soldering filigree into various patterns on a copper body, then filling colorful enamel in the patterns, and lastly enamel firing, polishing and gilding.--Qu Miao (talk) 03:37, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3. 扬州漆器是中国汉族传统工艺品中之一，起源于战国，兴旺于汉唐，鼎盛于明清，其工艺齐全、技艺精湛、风格独特、驰名中外，早在秦汉时期，扬州彩绘和镶嵌漆器制作工艺就有很高的水平。

Yangzhou lacquerware is one of Chinese traditional handcraft of Han Nationality. It originated in the Warring States period, thriving in Han and Tang Dynasties, and reaching its peak in Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is famous at home and abroad for its complete crafts, exquisite techniques and unique style. Color drawing and inlay crafts of Yangzhou laquerware had reached a high level early in Qin and Han dynasties.--Qu Miao (talk) 03:37, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4. 东阳木雕历史上有名，居中国四大木雕之首。东阳木雕艺术性强，它以浮雕技艺为主，设计上采取散点透视、鸟瞰式透视等构图 ，布局丰满，散而不松，多而不乱，层次分明，主题突出，故事情节性强，因而深受收藏家喜爱。

Dongyang woodcarving topped the four most famous woodcarving in China. Boasting strong artistic quality, in crafts it mainly takes relief carving and in design it mostly takes cavalier perspective and bird-eye perspective. With layout being substantial and well-bedded, scattered but not imcompact, ample but not messy, it always highlights the theme and demonstrate melodramamtic story; therefore, it is popular with collectors.--Qu Miao (talk) 06:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Rajabov, Anushervon

在众多湖湘符号中，有一种精美工艺，“绣花能生香，绣鸟能听声”，它就是湘绣。

Among the many symbols of Hunan province, an exquisite craftsmanship seemingly can make fragrant flowers, or chirping birds ", which is Hunan embroidery.

景泰蓝，又名“铜胎掐丝珐琅”，是一种复合性的传统工艺品

Cloisonné, which is also called copper padding thread weaving enamel, is a compound of traditional Chinese handicrafts.

表面涂有漆的各种美术品、工艺品被称为“漆器”，漆器是我国古代在化学工艺及工艺美术方面的重要发明。

Fine arts or crafts with lacquer on the surface are called "lacquerware", an important invention of chemical crafts and industrial arts in ancient China.

明清时期的家具雕刻艺术是中华民族雕刻艺术的辉煌创造，是明清家具不可分割的重要组成部分，是中华民族文化的宝贵遗产。

The art of furniture carving in the Ming and Qing dynasties (1638-1840 A.D.) was a brilliant creation of the Chinese sculpture art, an inseparable and important part of the furniture in that period and a valuable heritage of the Chinese culture.--RAJABOV ANUSHERVON 10 (talk) 14:37, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Seydou, Sagara

1.我觉得中国刺绣很精美。

I think Chinese embroiry is very beautiful.--Sagara Seydou 3 (talk) 02:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC) --Sagara Seydou 3 (talk) 02:08, 10 October 2020 (UTC)--Sagara Seydou 3 (talk) 02:14, 10 October 2020 (UTC)--Sagara Seydou 3 (talk) 02:16, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

I think that Chinese embroidery is exquisite.--Luo Yuqing (talk) 13:30, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

1 The dress was decorated with delicate embroidery. 2 The embroidery workshop is famous and permits. 3 We are driven by the desire to ‘’ help our customers meet their perfect item’’. 4 The wood carving looked a large bear. 5 Many excellent examples of cloisonne enamel have been produced by each branch of this school.--Sagara Seydou 3 (talk) 15:50, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

1这件衣服饰有精美的刺绣. 2绣花作坊很有名，并有许可证. 3我们渴望“帮助客户满足他们的完美需求”. 4木雕看上去像只大熊. 5这所学校的每个分支机构都制作了许多景泰蓝珐琅的出色例子.--Sagara Seydou 3 (talk) 15:50, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Shi Haiyao 石海瑶

1.中国剪纸具有广泛的群众基础，交融于各族人民的社会生活，是各种民俗活动的重要组成部分。

Chinese paper cutting has a widespread mass base and is integrated into the social life of people from all ethnic groups. It also plays an essential part in miscellaneous folk activities.--Shi Haiyao (talk) 02:48, 11 October 2020 (UTC) Chinese paper cutting has a broad mass base, blending into the social life of people of all nationalities, and is an important part of various folk activities.--Hu Baihui (talk) 02:18, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

2.苏绣具有图案秀丽、构思巧妙、绣工细致、针法活泼、色彩清雅的独特风格，地方特色浓郁。

Su Embroidery has a unique style of gorgeous pattern, ingenious design, exquisite craft, lively stitching and elegant colors, with strong local characteristics.--Shi Haiyao (talk) 02:48, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3.北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称，给人以圆润坚实、细腻工整、金碧辉煌的艺术感受，成为驰名世界的传统手工艺品。

Beijing cloisonne, renowned for its elegant and vigorous shape, complicated patterns and solemn colors, which gives people the artistic feeling of mellow and solid, exquisite and neat, resplendent and magnificent. It has become a world-famous traditional handicraft.--Shi Haiyao (talk) 02:48, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4.中国玉雕是具有民族特色的艺术产品，是世界雕塑苑中的一朵耀眼的奇葩。其中蕴含着中华民族的智慧、宗教观念、美学思想等丰富的内容。

Chinese jade carving is an artistic product with national characteristics as well as a dazzling flower in the world sculpture garden，which bostes abudent contents, including the wisdom of the Chinese nation, religious beliefs and aesthetic thoughts.--Shi Haiyao (talk) 02:48, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Si Yu 司妤

1.宋代刺绣之发达，由于当时朝廷奖励提倡之故。为使作品达到书画之传神意境，绣前需先有计划，绣时需度其形势，乃趋于精巧。构图必须简单化，纹样的取舍留白非常重要，与唐代无论有无图案之满地施绣截然不同。

Owning to incentives and advocacy of the official government, The Song Dynasty saw thriving embroidery. In order to attain the spirit of calligraphy and paintings, one has to make a plan before working on it and exquisiteness can be achieved if one pays attention to all details. Totally different from embroidery of the Tang Dynasty , that of the Song Dynasty requires simplified patterns and strengthens the importance of leaving space when choosing patterns.--Si Yu (talk) 02:30, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

2.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称，给人以圆润坚实、细腻工整、金碧辉煌的艺术感受，成为驰名世界的传统手工艺品。

Beijing is not only the birthplace of Chinese cloisonne, but also is home to it. It is renowned for its elegant shapes, exquisite patterns and superb colors, allowing people to appreciate the roundness, delicacy and glamour of artistic work. Consequently, it is a traditional art that enjoys world fame. --Si Yu (talk) 02:30, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为"漆器"。中国古代所用漆，是漆树分泌的一种汁液，经日晒脱水后，即成为可作涂料的熟漆。 Usually, lacquerware refers to daily tools, crafts and artistic work being painted by lacquer. In the ancient times, lacquer came from sap of lacquer trees. It became ripe lacquer after sloarization and dehydrating.--Si Yu (talk) 02:30, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

4.在最常见的雕刻方法中，一只手拿着凿子，另一只手拿木槌，然后用木槌将凿子敲入木头或石头中。尽管一些金属加工技术例如焊接和装配，在过去的一个世纪中逐渐变得重要，但是雕刻和制模仍是两种主要的雕塑技法。

Among all carving methods, the commonest way is to use mallet to chip chisel into woods or stones with mallet in one hand and chisel in the other hand. Though some metal processing technologis such as welding and assembling has became more important over the past century, carving and modelling are still two major engraving techniques. --Si Yu (talk) 02:30, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Among all carving methods, the commonest way is to use mallet to chip chisel into woods or stones with mallet in one hand and chisel in the other hand. Though some metal processing technologies such as welding and assembling have become more important over the past century, carving and modelling are still two major engraving techniques.--Chen Han (talk) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Tan Yuanyuan 谭媛媛

1.瓯绣是中国出口名绣之一，不仅被国家珍藏，还被作为国礼赠送，有“发绣外交”之说。

Ou Embroidery is one of China's famous embroidery exports.It is not only treasured by the country,but also presented as a national gift.There is a saying of " embroidery diplomacy".--Tan Yuanyuan (talk) 15:29, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

2.作为一种宫廷艺术，景泰蓝是明清宫中高贵的装饰艺术品，是皇室权力与地位的象征。

As a palace art,cloisonne is a noble decorative artwork in Ming and Qing palaces,and a symbol of royal power and status.--Tan Yuanyuan (talk) 15:29, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

As a court art, cloisonné is a noble decorative art in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, as well as a symbol of royal power and status. --Li Liqin (talk) 05:59, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.在湖北曾侯乙墓出土的漆器有220多件。这些漆器是楚墓中年代最早也是最为精彩的，而且品类全，器型大，风格古朴，这些精美的漆器体现了楚文化的神韵。

There are more than 220 lacquer wares unearthed from the tomb of Zenghouyi(the lord of Zeng state in the Western Zhou Dynasty) in Hubei. These lacquer wares are among the earliest and most exciting things in the Chu tombs, and they have a wide range of types, simple styles and large in size.These exquisite lacquer wares reflect the charm of Chu culture.--Tan Yuanyuan (talk) 15:29, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

There are more than 220 lacquer wares unearthed from the tomb of Zenghouyi(the lord of Zeng state in the Western Zhou Dynasty) in Hubei. These lacquer wares are among the most time-honoured and most exciting things in the Chu tombs, and they have a wide range of types, simple styles and they are large in size.These exquisite lacquer wares reflect the charm of Chu culture.--Lou Cancan (talk) 03:00, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.木雕是以各种木材及树根为材料进行雕刻，是以传统雕刻工艺中的重要门类。木雕的历史非常悠久，在浙江余姚河姆渡文化遗址就有木雕鱼出土，这是我国木雕史上最早的实物。

Wood carving is based on a variety of materials such as wood and tree roots.It is an important category in traditional carving crafts. Wood carving has a very long history. Wood carving fish were unearthed at the Hemudu Cultural Site in Yuyao,Zhejiang province. This is the earliest physical object in the history of wood carving in my country.--Tan Yuanyuan (talk) 15:29, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Wood carving is an important category in traditional carving craftsis based on a variety of materials such as wood and tree roots.It has a very long history. The shape of fish of wood carving were unearthed at the Hemudu Cultural Site in Yuyao,Zhejiang province. This is the earliest physical object in the history of wood carving in China.--Yang Hairong (talk) 02:55, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Tang Bei 汤蓓

1.苏绣色彩清新高雅，织工精巧细腻，以晕染和色与色之间留空线为其特色。其图案主题丰富多样，有庆祝丰收，丰衣足食，龙凤呈祥，健康长寿，美好邂逅，人丁兴旺等主题。

The characteristics of Su embroidery include elegant colors, fine needling, the application of halo dyeing, and the vacant lines left between colors. Its pattern themes vary from "the celebration of harvest", "wealthy family", "dragon and phoenix symbolic of the propitious" to "well-being through hundreds of years", "happy encounter", and "abundance in family".--Tang Bei (talk) 07:38, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝有500多年的历史，是一种以雕塑，绘画，瓷器制作和铜作独特结合的艺术，起源于元朝北京。现存最古老的一块景泰蓝制于元朝，但是景泰蓝在明朝发生了重大变化，约1450年至1456年，人们发现了一种新的蓝色颜料，由于中文“蓝”代表了蓝色，所以人们命名其为景泰蓝。景泰蓝的制作是一个相当复杂的过程，其所有的成品造型优雅，色彩耀眼，设计优美。其大部分成品用于出口，且驰名于国内外。

Cloisonne(Jingtailan) has a history of over 500 years. Its art is a unique combination of sculpture, painting, porcelain making and copper-smithing that is said to have originated in Beijing during the Yuan Dynasty(1271-1368). The oldest extant piece was made during the Yuan Dynasty, but Cloisonne underwent a major change during the Ming Dynasty when a new blue pigment was discovered at about 1450 to 1456, and gave Jintailan its current name based on the Chinese word "lan" for blue. The making of Cloisonne requires rather elaborate and complicated processes; all the products are elegant in molding, dazzling in color and graceful in design. It enjoys a high reputation both at home and abroad with most of its products for export.--Tang Bei (talk) 07:38, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.在唐朝(618-907年)，中国漆器出现了一种新的风格，其特点是使用各种形状的金或银片，如鸟、动物和花卉。把镂空的图案贴在漆器的表面，然后涂上一层新的漆，晒干，然后磨掉，这样表面就可以被抛光，露出下面金色或银色的图案。这是通过一种叫做平拓的技术完成的。这样的技术是费时的，但这些漆器是高度精致。这也是最早的漆器雕刻开始的时期。

In the Tang dynasty (618–907), Chinese lacquerware saw a new style marked by the use of sheets of gold or silver made in various shapes, such as birds, animals, and flowers. The cut-outs were affixed onto the surface of the lacquerware, after which new layers of lacquer were applied, dried, and then ground away, so the surface could be polished to reveal the golden or silvery patterns beneath.This was done by a technique known as pingtuo.Such techniques were time-consuming and costly, but these lacquerware were considered highly refined. It was also the period when the earliest practice of carving lacquerware began.--Tang Bei (talk) 07:38, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

4.出于许多原因，石头自古以来就被用来雕刻。大多数种类的石头都比金属矿石容易找到，因为金属矿石则需要开采和冶炼。石头可以从表面挖出，用手工工具雕刻。石头比木头更耐久，所以石头上雕刻的东西比木制工艺品耐久得多。此外，石头有很多品种，艺术家在颜色、质量和相对硬度上有较为丰富的选择。

Stone has been used for carving since ancient times for many reasons. Most types of stone are easier to find than metal ores, which have to be mined and smelted. Stone can be dug from the surface and carved with hand tools. Stone is more durable than wood, and carvings in stone last much longer than wooden artifacts. Stone comes in many varieties and artists have abundant choices in color, quality and relative hardness.--Tang Bei (talk) 07:38, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

1. The color of Suzhou Embroidery is simple and elegant and the skill is delicate, with the characteristics of dyes and the blank between colors. The patterns are diverse, with the themes such as the celebration of harvest, enough food and clothes, Dragon and Phoenix , health and longevity, good fortunes and growing population.

2. Cloisonne, with a history of over 500 years, is an art that combines scripture, painting, china making and copper making, originating from Beijing, Yuan Dynasty. The oldest preserved Cloisonne was made in Yuan Dynasty, but it had experienced great changes in Ming Dynasty. From about 1450 to 1456, people found a new blue color. Because of “Blue” in Chinese represented blue color, people called it Cloisonne. The making process is relatively complicated, for its style is elegant, its color is dazzling and its design delicate. Most of the Cloisonne is for export, famous home and abroad.

3. The development and circulation of paper-cutting has close relationship with Chinese festival in countryside. For marriage and festivals, people often attach paper-cuttings to the wall, window and door, the color of which is often red, representing health and prosperity. --Yang chenting (talk) 01:31, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Yang Chenting

Tang Yiran 汤伊然

1.湘绣强调写实，质朴而优美，形象生动，结构上虚实结合，巧妙地将中国传统的绘画、刺绣、诗词、书法、金石各种艺术融为一体。

Xiang embroidery focuses on authenticity and boasts vivid and exquisite designs. With the combination of the real and the virtual, it integrates many other Chinese traditional arts including painting, embroidery, poetry, calligraphy and epigraphy.--Tang Yiran1 (talk) 04:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

The Xiang embroidery focuses on authenticity and boasts simple, exquisite and vivid designs. With the combination of the real and the virtual, it integrates many other Chinese traditional arts ingeniously including painting, embroidery, poetry, calligraphy and epigraphy.--Lou Cancan (talk) 12:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

2.清代的景泰蓝工艺比明代有提高，胎薄，掐丝细，彩釉也比明代要鲜艳，并且无砂眼，花纹图案繁复多样。

The technology of cloisonné further developed in the Qing Dynasty over that of the Ming Dynasty, with thinner body, finer wire inlay and brighter glaze. Besides, Qing’s cloisonné was free from sand hole and had intricate and varied patterns.--Tang Yiran1 (talk) 04:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

The technology of cloisonné further developed in the Qing Dynasty over that in the Ming Dynasty, with thinner body, finer wire inlay and brighter glaze. Besides, Qing’s cloisonné was free from sand holes and had intricate and various patterns.--Lou Cancan (talk) 12:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆器在收藏时应注意避免阳光曝晒、烟熏。收藏室的湿度和温度不宜急剧变化，避免忽干忽湿，最好把漆器放在温度和湿度比较恒定的房中。

Sun and smoke should be avoided for storing lacquerware and the temperature and humidity of the collection room better need to be sustained.--Tang Yiran1 (talk) 04:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Be careful not to expose the lacquerwares to strong sunshine and smoke when storing them. The humility and temperature in collection room should be steady. To avoid the abrupt change in external environment, it would be better to the lacquerwares in room with sustained temperature and humidity. --Lou Cancan (talk) 12:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

4.宗教雕塑主要保存于寺庙和石窟寺之内，由于寺庙毁损严重，石窟寺雕塑便成为宗教雕塑遗存的主要代表。

Religious sculptures were preserved in temples and grottoes. Due to severe damage of the former, the remains of these sculptures were mainly housed by the latter.--Tang Yiran1 (talk) 04:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Religious sculptures were mainly preserved in temples and grottoes. Due to severe damage to the former, the remains of these sculptures were primarily housed by the latter.--Lou Cancan (talk) 12:35, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Religious sculptures were mainly preserved in temples and grottoes. Due to the severe damage to the temples, the cave temple sculptures became the main representative of the remains of religious sculptures.--WuQiong (talk) 14:53, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Wang Meiling 王美玲

1.苏绣为苏州刺绣之简称，它以产生之地命名，历史上曾广泛存在于苏州城乡。近十年来苏绣行业逐渐萎缩，现主要集中于苏州市区和高新区东渚镇、镇湖街道一带。苏绣技艺的起源不详。现存的宋代以来苏绣实物显示了不同历史时期苏绣技艺的发展状况和实际水平，如元代苏绣残片表明，当时已有一件作品运用9种刺绣针法；明代绣品多采用文人画稿，开始形成精细雅洁的独特风格；清代苏绣成为行业，商品绣极为发达，苏州因此有“绣市”之称。 Suzhou embroidery is the abbreviation of Suzhou embroidery,which is named after the place where it came into being.In history, itt once existed widely and spreadly in Suzhou urban and rural areas . In recent ten years, Suzhou embroidery industry has gradually shrunk off, now being mainly distributed in urban areas, Dongzhu county and Zhenhu street of Gaoxin District in Suzhou. The origin of Suzhou embroidery remains unknown to public. The existing Suzhou embroidery in kind since the Song Dynasty showcase the development status and practical level of Suzhou embroidery skills in different historical periods. For example, in the Yuan Dynasty,the fragments of Suzhou embroidery indicates that there was a work made by nine kinds of embroidery needle techniques; in the Ming Dynasty, most embroidery adopoted literati drawings, and began to form a unique style of refinement and delicacy; for the Qing Dynasty,Suzhou embroidery came to be an industry ,whose commodity embroidery was extraordinarily developed. Due to these,Suzhou was well-known as "Embroidery Market".--Wang Meiling (talk) 02:34, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝并非我国本土工艺，而是在元代从阿拉伯传入我国的特殊工艺。经过明朝和清朝两代的发展，这项有着异域风情的工艺有了非凡的成就。景泰蓝的华美在于它几乎集合了当时几大工艺品的艺术优势，在匠师们的潜心研制之下形成了属于自己的风格。将金属制品和珐琅工艺的结合本身就是一项艺术的挑战，而它借鉴了瓷器和青铜器的制作技艺，又融合和绘画和雕刻工艺，几乎集合了当时金银镶嵌工艺的最精华部分，可以说是封建手工艺的集大成者，也是宫廷内饰最精美的存在。 Cloisonne is not a native craft in China, but a special one introduced from Arabia during Yuan Dynasty. After its development of Ming and Qing Dynasties, this exotic craft has made remarkable achievements. The gorgeous beauty of Cloisonne lies in that it almost gathered the artistic edges of several major crafts at that time, and formed its own style under the painstaking efforts made by craftsmen. The combination of metal products and enamel technology is an artistic challenge in itself, which not only draws on the production techniques of porcelain and bronzes, but integrates painting and carving techniques.Due to this,gathering the most essential part of the gold and silver mosaic process at that time,it can be much well of the master of feudal handicraft and of the most exquisite existence of court interior decorations.--Wang Meiling (talk) 02:34, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.中国现代考古发掘实物证明，中国是世界上最早发现并使用天然漆的国家。七千年前的浙江余姚河姆渡原始文化遗址中已经出土了木胎涂漆（自然生漆）碗。夏、商、西周三代已逐渐从单纯使用天然漆到使用色料调漆。人们不断熟悉、了解漆的性能，改造、利用漆所特有的经久耐牢、不退色、不怕潮湿、鲜亮美观等性能，为美化自己的生活服务。 Modern archaeological excavations in China have proved that China is the first country worldwide to discover and utilize natural lacquer. Seven thousand years ago, wooden painted (natural lacquer) bowls have been unearthed from the Hemudu primitive cultural site in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province. During the period of Xia, Shang and Western Zhou dynasties,the single use of natural lacquer was gradually changed to the use of pigment.To make their lives better,people are constantly familiar with and understand the properties of the paint, transform and utilize the unique ones, such as durability, not being afraid of color fading and moisture, brightness and good look.--Wang Meiling (talk) 02:34, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

4.温州乐清的黄杨木雕始于宋元，流行于明清，受清末文人画的影响，刀法纯朴圆润，细腻流畅，人物刻划形神兼备，众多人物的长卷式作品结构虚实相生，市井万象、仕女美人，各有韵味，是中国四大主要木雕流派中最深入细腻，也是东方古典主义的象征之一。The boxwood carving in Yueqing, Wenzhou, began in the song and Yuan Dynasties and bacame popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Due to the influences of the literati paintings at late Qing Dynasty, its techniques of knives are of simplicity, roundness, delicacy and smoothness. The characters are characterized by unity of shape and spirit, most of whose structures of the long scroll works showcase both virtuality and reality. For example, phenonmenons in evey nook and cranny of the city, ladies and beauties have their own special charm.The boxwood carving is the most profound and exquisite among the four major wood carving schools in China, and is also one of the symbols of oriental classicism.--Wang Meiling (talk) 02:30, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Wang Xuan 王轩

1.中国古代的刺绣，很长一段时间内在国际艺术品市场上不走俏，价格平平。直到1993年起在香港、新加坡等地，才开始有人专门收集。据市场分析家推论，要使刺绣品成为国际市场上的新宠儿，还需收藏家们10年时间的努力。近两年国内一些艺术品拍卖会上，刺绣拍品，价格竞现高攀，非常吸引买家竞争。刺绣在国外也享有很高的声誉。在外国人眼里，刺绣是中国文化艺术的代表之一。

The ancient Chinese embroidery did not come into international artwork market's favour until some people in Hong Kong and Singapore started to collect it in 1993. According to the presumption of the analysts, it takes at least 10 years' hard work for collectors to make embroidery popular. In recent years' domestic artwork auction, high prices of embroidery have drawn competition from different buyers. Besides, it also enjoys a prestigious reputation overseas as it represents the Chinese culture and art.--Wang Xuan (talk) 03:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan

2. 中国有句很有哲理的老话，“他山之石，可以攻玉”，即使这种以金属为胎填敷珐琅釉料烧制而成的作品是舶来品，但在中华民族博大精深的艺术土壤上，也很快就融会了中华民族的传统风格，成为中国工艺美术史上一颗璀璨的明珠。

As an ancient Chinese saying goes:“There are hills whose stones are good for working jade(Advice from others may help one overcome his shortcomings)”, this work, though imported, which made of mental and filled with enamel glaze, soon became a bright pearl in the history of Chinese arts and crafts by absorbing the ancient Chinese traditions on the vast artistic land.--Wang Xuan (talk) 03:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan

3. 刻葫芦是甘肃兰州的传统工艺品，在清代开始流传于民间。这些葫芦是经过精心栽培的，大的如鸡蛋，小的如算盘珠子，皮质细腻光滑，当它成熟采摘后，经过刮皮、晒干、磨光等加工处理后，它显得非常光亮圆润。然后艺人们就在葫芦上进行设计，施展各种针法、刀法等技巧，刻画出山水、人物、花草、鸟兽等。有的葫芦，开口雕花，有的配以盖、底座，还有的吊空悬挂等。它作为兰州地区比较有特色的旅游工艺品，很受人们的欢迎。

Gourd carving is a traditional handicraft in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, which began to spread among the people in the Qing Dynasty. These gourds are carefully cultivated, big as eggs, small as abacus beads with delicate and smooth skins. When ripe and picked, after scraping, drying, polishing and other processing, they look very bright and round. Then artists design the gourd, using various skills such as needling and knife techniques to depict landscapes, figures, flowers and plants, birds and animals. Some gourds are carved with openings, some are equipped with covers and bases, and some are suspended in the air. It is very popular as a unique tourist handicraft in Lanzhou, .--Wang Xuan (talk) 03:24, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan

4. 中国古代漆器的工艺，早在新石器时代就已经出现，夏代的木胎漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀，并常用朱、黑二色来髹涂。

The craft of ancient Chinese lacquerware has appeared as early as the Neolithic age. The wood bodied lacquerware of Xia Dynasty is not only used for daily life, but also for sacrifice, and it is often painted in two colors of red and black.--Wang Xuan (talk) 03:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan

Wu Qiong 吴琼

1.刺绣在渭南世代相传，遍及全市。

Embroidery has been passed down from generation to generation in Weinan and spread throughout the city.--WuQiong (talk) 14:48, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

1.Embroidery has been passed on from generation to generation in Weinan, pervading the whole city.--Xiao Shuangling (talk) 02:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling

1.Embroidery has been passed on from generation to generation in Weinan(a city in Shaanxi Province), pervading the whole city.--Lou Cancan (talk) 03:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.因其在明朝景泰年间盛行，制作技艺比较成熟，使用的珐琅釉多以蓝色为主，故而得名“景泰蓝”。 As it was popular in the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty, the production skills were relatively mature, and the enamel glaze mainly was blue, hence owned the name "cloisonne".--WuQiong (talk) 14:48, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

2.The name "Cloisonne" is derived from the fact that it was popular during the Jingtai Period of the Ming Dynasty, its production techniques were relatively mature and the enamell glaze was mostly blue.--Xiao Shuangling (talk) 02:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling

3.用漆器作涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆，光彩照人。 Using the lacquerer with special functions such as moisture resistance, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance as a coating, it can also be used to formulate different color paints with brilliance.--WuQiong (talk) 14:48, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

3.Using lacquerware as paint, it has special functions of moisture resistance, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. It can also be used to prepare different colors of paints with brilliant luster.--Xiao Shuangling (talk) 02:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling

3. lacquer, as a kind of paint, has special functions of resistence to moisture, high temperature and corrosion. It can also be used to prepare different colors of paints with brilliant luster.--Lou Cancan (talk) 03:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.刀法就是雕刻家用来体现自己创作构思的技术手法，也是形象地揭示艺术内容的手段。 The way the sculptors carve embodies their technique skills with creative ideas, and it is also a way to vividly reveal the artistic content.--WuQiong (talk) 14:48, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

4.Knife technique is a technique used by sculptors to embody their creative ideas, as well as a means to reveal artistic content vividly.--Xiao Shuangling (talk) 02:27, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling

The technique of using a knife is an approach for sculptors to reflecting their skills of creating ideas and a way of vividly revealing the content of art. --Zhao Xi (talk) 13:29, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

The technique of using knife is a technique for sculptors to embody their own creative conception, as well as an approch to vividly revealing the content of art.--Luo Yuqing (talk) 13:38, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Wu Yilu 吴一露

1.粤秀在唐朝得到了充分发展。粤秀具有丰富而复杂的设计，鲜艳的色彩和强烈 的装饰效果。粤秀具有光滑，均匀的特点。虽然众多设计中，在越秀中最常见的是鸟崇拜太阳，飞龙和凤凰。

The Yue (another name for Guangdong Province) Embroidery has got a full development in Tang Dynasty. It is rich and complicated in design with bright colors and strong decorative function. The characteristic of the Yue Embroidery is smooth and even. There is a wide range of designs, however, among them, birds’ worship toward sun, dragons and phoenixes are the commonest ones in the Yue Embroidery.--Wu Yilu (talk) 11:44, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称，成为驰名世界的传统手工艺品。

Beijing is the cradle, as well as the important place of production, of Chinese cloisonne. Beijing cloisonne is known for its elegant and grand design, complex pattern and fresh and grave color, which makes it become a world-famous traditional handicraft.--Wu Yilu (talk) 11:44, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.据记载，庄子年轻时曾经做过管理漆业的小官。漆器生产工序复杂，耗工耗时，漆器品种又特别繁多，不仅用于装饰家具、器皿、文具和艺术品，而且还应用于乐器、丧葬用具、兵器等。

According to historical records, the ancient Chinese sage, Zhuang Zi used to be an officer in charge of the production of lacquerware.This  process was very complicated, labor- and time-consuming. There are various kinds of lacquerware, which was widely used to decorate furniture, utensils, stationery and artwork, but also used in Musical Instruments, funeral utensils, weapons and so on.--Wu Yilu (talk) 11:44, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.雕刻是指各种可塑材料或可雕、可刻的硬质材料，创造出具有可视、可触的艺术形象，借以反映社会生活、表达艺术家的审美感受、审美情感、审美理想的艺术。

Carving refers to turn any plastic hard materials or those which could be carved into visible and touchable artistic images, which reflects social life and conveys the artist's aesthetic feeling, aesthetic emotion and aesthetic ideal.--Wu Yilu (talk) 11:44, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Wu Zijia 吴子佳

1.湘绣的绣线要经过荚仁液蒸发处理后再裹竹纸拭擦，使丝绒光洁平整不易起毛，便于刺绣操作。

1.The thread used in Xiang embroidery should be steamed by liqiud made by pod kernel first to make its surface smooth ,and in doing so, the thread will be uneasy to become rough,which is helpful for craftmen to do the embroidery.

2.景泰蓝完全由手工制成，制作过程十分精细，需要经过制胎、掐丝、烧焊、点蓝、烧蓝、磨光、镀金等十余道工序。

2.Cloisonne is compeletly handmade ,with more than ten exquisite procedures including base-hammering,copper-strip inlay,soldering,enamel-filling,enamel-firing,electroplating and gilding.

3.夏代的木胎漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀，并常用朱、黑二色来髹涂。

3.The wood lacquerware is not only for daily use but also for worship.It is usually applied by black and vermilion lacquer.

4.平时佩戴玉的时候需要好好保养,不要碰到强碱性的物质,容易被腐蚀。

4.when wearing a jade ornament ,one should be careful to avoid some substance with strong alkline as it may cause corrosion. --Wu Zijia (talk) 13:59, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Wu Zijia

Xiao Shuangling 肖双玲

1.刺绣作为一个地域广泛的手工艺品，各个国家、各个民族通过长期的积累和发展，都有其自身的特长和优势。

1.Embroidery, as a wide range of regional handicrafts, has its own specialties and advantages through long-term accumulation and development of various countries and nationalities.--Xiao Shuangling (talk) 02:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling

As a handicraft not confined to a certain area, embroidery enjoys unique local features after a long development history in different countries. --Li Liqin (talk) 06:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝见于实物，以明宣德年间（1426年～1435年）为最多。这个时期，工艺的风格特点已经形成，接近成熟时期。

2.Cloisonne can be seen real objects, most of which were be found in Xuande Period of Ming Dynasty(1426～1435). During this period, the style and charactereistics of the craft have been formed, approaching the mature stage.--Xiao Shuangling (talk) 02:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling

2. Cloisonne can be seen in objects, most of which have been made in Xuande Period of Ming Dynasty(1426-1435). During this period, the style and characteristics of the craft have been formed, approaching the mature stage.--Luo Weijia (talk) 02:37, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.中国古代漆器的工艺，早在新石器时代就已经出现，夏代的木胎漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀。

3.The craft of ancient Chinese lacquerware appeared as early as the Neolithic age. The wooden lacquerware of Xia Dynasty was used not only in daily life, but also used for sacrifice.--Xiao Shuangling (talk) 02:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling

4.牙雕、玉雕等工艺由于材料昂贵，做工又十分的精细，所以逐渐从实用品转变为欣赏品，因此被人们称为“特种工艺”。

4.Because of the expensive materials and exquisite workmanship, ivory carving and jade carving have gradually changed from practical products to appreciation products, so they are called "special crafts".--Xiao Shuangling (talk) 02:09, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Shuangling

Owing to the expensive materials and exquite crafts, ivory carving and jade carving have gradually transformed from utility to artistry, hence they are known as “special crafts”.--Shi Haiyao (talk) 02:58, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Xiao Ting 肖婷

1.至清末民初（20世纪初期），湘绣的发展达到鼎盛时期，甚至超越了苏绣，在中国刺绣业中独占鳌头。新中国成立后，湘绣工作者在继承传统的基础上致力创新，使湘绣工艺提高到一个崭新的水平。 By the late Qing Dynasty (early 20th century), Hunan embroidery reached its heyday and even surpassed Su embroidery, becoming the leading embroidery art form in China.After the founding of the People's Republic of China, on the basis of tradition Hunan embroidery workers was dedicated to innovation and raised the embroidery craft to a brand new level.

By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the 20th century, the development of Hunan embroidery reached its peak, even surpassed Suzhou embroidery, which was the first one in China's embroidery industry.After the founding of New China, Hunan Embroidery Workers committed to innovation on the basis of inheriting the tradition, so that Hunan Embroidery process to a new level.--YangHui (talk) 08:51, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝，亦称“铜胎掐丝珐琅”，它是一种特种工艺品，是用细扁铜丝做线条，在铜制的胎上捏出各种图案花纹，再将五彩珐琅点填在花纹内，经烧制、磨平镀金而成。外观晶莹润泽，鲜艳夺目。 Blue of Jingtai,also known as Cloisonne,is a special technology. Dedicate copper strips being bent into various patterns and designs on the copper-hammered base , and then colorful enamel points filling in the pattern,it was made through firing,polishing and gliding,whose appearance is crystal,glossy and resplendent.

3.中国古代漆器的工艺，早在新石器时代就已经出现，夏代的木胎漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀，并常用朱、黑二色来髹涂。 As early as the Neolithic period, there was the craft of lacquerware of ancient China. The wooden lacquerware of the Xia dynasty was not only used in daily life, but also in rituals, commonly painted in vermilion and black.

4.历史悠久、技艺精湛的各种雕塑工艺，如牙雕、玉雕、木雕、石雕、泥雕、面塑、竹刻、骨刻、刻砚等，是中国工艺美术中一项珍贵的艺术遗产。牙雕、玉雕等工艺由于材料昂贵，做工又十分的精细，所以逐渐从实用品转变为欣赏品，因此被人们称为“特种工艺” The various sculpture techniques with long histories and exqusite skills, such as tooth carving, jade carving, wood carving, stone carving, clay carving, face sculpture, bamboo carving, bone carving, carved ink stone, etc. is a precious artistic heritage of Chinese arts and crafts.Ivory carving, jade carving and other crafts are gradually becoming artistic objects rather than utilities due to expensive raw materials and exquisite workmanship.--Xiao Ting (talk) 08:36, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Ting

Xie Fan 解帆

1.刺绣工艺最基本的功能是对服饰的装饰，这种装饰并非只是起到简单的美化作用，同时发挥着诸多重要的功能，如标识身份，显示社会地位。

The fundamental function of embroidery is to decorate clothes, which does not merely stand for embellishment, but also plays other significant roles in identifying ones identity and displaying ones social status.--XieFan (talk) 14:23, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.刚从火中取出的景泰蓝颜色基本呈黑色，待其冷却后才显现出五彩缤纷的样貌。这项工艺始于明代景泰，而且初创时只有蓝色，所以叫景泰蓝。

When taken out of fire, cloisonne is almost black while reveals its colorful appearance when cooled down.This craft is named after its birthplace-Jingtai in the Ming Dynasty,and its only colour at fist-blue.--XieFan (talk) 14:23, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆器在收藏时应注意避免阳光曝晒、烟熏，收藏室的湿度和温度不宜急剧变化，避免忽干忽湿，最好把漆器放在温度和湿度比较恒定的房中。

When collecting lacquer, attention should be paid to avoid sun exposure and smoke. The humidity and temperature in the storeroom should not be changed dramatically, and it is better to put it in a room in which the temperature and humidity are relatively constant.--XieFan (talk) 14:23, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.在木雕艺术创作中，最有意义的探索是运用各种刀法。刀法好比书法、绘画中的笔触，它能起到加强、丰富作品艺术效果的作用。

During wood carving, the most meaningful experience is the use of various knife techniques. Just as the brush strokes in calligraphy and painting, knife techniques can strengthen and enrich the artistic effect of a work.--XieFan (talk) 14:23, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Xu Jia 徐佳

1. 宋代刺绣之发达，由于当时朝廷奖励提倡之故。为使作品达到书画之传神意境，绣前需先有计划，绣时需度其形势，乃趋于精巧。

The thriving of embroidery in Song Dynasty resulted from the encouragement of the imperial court at that time. To make the embroidery as vivid and expressive as calligraphy and paintings, the embroiderer should imagine the big picture first and make flexible changes in subsequent embroidering process so as to make the work exquisite.--Xu Jia (talk) 08:58, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia

2. 北京景泰蓝是集美术、雕刻、镶嵌、玻璃熔炼、冶金等专业技术为一体，具有鲜明的民族风格和深刻的文化内涵，是最具北京特色的传统手工艺品之一。

Integrating art, sculpture, inlay, glass smelting, metallurgy and other professional techniques as a whole, Beijing Cloisonne is a characteristic feature of the local traditional handicrafts with distinct national style and profound cultural connotation.--Xu Jia (talk) 08:58, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia

3. 漆器所制作的器皿，样式多且富于变化，造型简朴，表现出器物结构比例之美。

Lacquerware utensils are made in various styles and simple shapes, which show the beauty of structure.--Xu Jia (talk) 08:58, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia

Lacquerware utensils are made in various styles and their shapes are simple , which show the elegant design of the ware.--Wu Zijia (talk) 14:18, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Wu Zijia

4. 微雕施工面积极小，没有相当高的书法功底和熟练运用微雕工具的技能是难以完成的，且刻作时，要屏息静气，深思集中，一丝不苟。

A micro-carving work can not be finished without profound knowledge of calligraphy or adept skill in using carving tools. In addition, the craftsman must hold his breath and pay all his attention into it during the process of carving.--Xu Jia (talk) 08:58, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia

Xu Jing 许静

1. 刺绣工艺最基本的功能是对服饰的装饰，这种装饰并非只是起到简单的美化作用，同时发挥着诸多重要的功能，如标识身份，显示社会地位。

Embroidery is mostly used to embellish clothes. In addition to simple beautification, these decorations have many other importanat functions, such as the representation of identity and social status.--Xu Jing (talk) 15:27, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

2.从明到清中期以前，景泰蓝都是官办且为宫廷供奉，直到清朝后期才出现民办珐琅作坊，景泰蓝才作为商品在市场上流通，并于道光年间出口海外，在国际上名噪一时。

From Ming Dynasty to the Mid Qing Dynasty, Cloisonne was only produced by the government, and served for the court. Not until the late Qing Dynasty did private enamel workshops appear, and Cloisonne went into the market as commodities. Under the reign of Daoguang Emperor of Qing Dynasty, it was exported overseas and gained a temporary international fame.--Xu Jing (talk) 15:27, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3.最初的惊喜是从色彩开始的。从朱砂和松烟，人们得到了两种漆器最初的主色：红色、黑色。红与黑的结合占据了很长一段制漆的调色盘，偶尔有宝石镶嵌作为它的点缀，但那都只是点缀而已，热烈与深沉交织的颜色，从原始时期穿透了春秋战国。

The initial surprise came from colors. From cinnabar and ashes of fired pine, people attained two main colors of the ancient lacquerware: red and black. They had been the main colors in the color palatte of lacquerware producing for a long time, with an occational decoration of gemstone. The enthusiasm of red and the composure of black mixed together through the acient times and the Warring period.--Xu Jing (talk) 15:27, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4.中国古人素来喜爱运用雕刻，将对美好生活的期盼与祝福，通过每一处细致深入的刻画，把它们恰到好处地展现出来。那些随处可见的砖雕、木雕、石雕，共同构成了一幅具有中国意韵的画，将千家万户的动人故事娓娓道来……

Ancient Chinese alwawys liked carving. Through every careful carving, they expressed their longing for a better life to an exactly appropriated extent. Those brick carvings, wood carvings and stone carvings constribute to an unique Chinese paintings, telling the stories of tens of thousands of Chinese households. --Xu Jing (talk) 15:27, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Yang Chenting 杨晨婷

1. 而到了汉末，六国时期，刺绣越来越喜欢表现文化。当时佛教文化的兴起也要刺绣更多的偏向了佛像和人物形象等方面。后来出图的北魏的佛像图也是佐证了这个事情。 To late Han Dynasty, the period of Six Kingdoms, culture contents were more likely to be expressed in embroidery. At the same time, the prosperity of Buddhist culture made embroidery show more about figures of Buddha and people. Later, the unearthed Buddha graphs of Northern Wei Dynasty also proved this.

In Han Dynasty, the period of Six Kingdoms, culture contents were more likely to be expressed in embroidery. At the same time, the prosperity of Buddhist culture made embroidery show more about figures of Buddha and people, which was proven by the later enearthed Buddha graphs of Northern Wei Dynasty.--Wang Xuan (talk) 05:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan

2. 生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁，主要由漆酚、漆酶、树胶质及水分构成。用它作涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆，光彩照人。 Chinese lacquer is a kind of natural fluid from lacquer trees, containing urushiol, laccase, gumminess and water. It can be used as paint, which can resist water, high temperature and erosion. Also, it can be made in different colors, beautiful and shining.

Chinese lacquer is a kind of natural fluid from lacquer trees, containing urushiol, laccase, gumminess and water. It can be used as paint with the merit of resisting water, high temperature and erosion. Besides, it can also be made in different colors, beautiful and shining. --Wang Xuan (talk) 05:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan

3. 雕刻是一门造型艺术，造型艺术是以立体视觉为裁体的雕刻，辅以精湛雕刻艺术，智慧与巧思会赋予玉器的艺术文化。 Scripture is a kind of plastic art, which depends on stereo version, plus delicate scripture skills and talents.

Sculpture is a kind of plastic art based on three-dimensional vision and supplemented by exquisite carving art,wisdom and ingenuity endowed in jade with artistic culture.--Wang Xuan (talk) 05:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan

4. 中国的雕刻有着悠久的历史文化，据考证，中国的玉雕加工技术始于夏商，兴于汉唐，精于明清，盛于当今，至今玉雕加工技术在中国拥有着5000多年的历史了。 Chinese scripture has long history. It is proved that the jade carving technology started in Xia Shang Dynasty, prospered in Han and Tang Dynasty, refined in Ming and Qing Dynasty and flourished today. Up till now, jade carving technology has experienced over 5000 years development.

Chinese scripture has a long hisroty. It is proved that the jade carving technology was started in Xia Shang Dynasty, refined in Ming and Qing and flourishing today. Up till now, jade carving technology has experienced over 5000 years development. --Wang Xuan (talk) 05:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Wang Xuan

--Yang chenting (talk) 01:29, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Yang Chenting

Yang Hairong 杨海容

1.湘绣在配色上善于运用深浅灰及黑白色，加上适当的明暗对比，增强了质感和立体感，结构上虚实结合，善于利用空白，突出主题，形成了湘绣水墨画般的素雅品质。 Hunan Embroidery is good at using shades of gray, black and white in color matching, plus appropriate contrast between light and dark, which enhances the texture and three-dimensionality. The structure combines virtual and solid, and is good at using blanks to highlight the theme, forming Hunan embroidery a simple and elegant quality like ink painting.--Yang Hairong (talk) 02:50, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Hunan Embroidery is good at using shades of gray, black and white in color matching, coupled with appropriate contrast between light and dark, which enhances the texture and three-dimensional effect. It combines the virtuality and reality in terms of structure and utilizes the blank space to highlight the theme, featuring simple and elegant like ink painting.--Chen Han (talk) 07:47, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.如果说瓷器像茉莉花一样清新高雅，那么景泰蓝一定是美艳的牡丹花高贵大气，虽然他们各有千秋，但不同于瓷器的是景泰蓝的制作工序更为复杂，造型也更多变。 If porcelain is as fresh and elegant as jasmine, then cloisonne must be noble and generous just like pretty peony . Although they have their own merits, what is different from porcelain is that the production process of cloisonne is more complicated and the shape is more varied.--Yang Hairong (talk) 02:50, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.古语云：“滴漆入土，千年不坏。”说的就是漆器。漆器是一种用生漆涂敷在器物胎体表面作为保护膜制成的工艺品或生活用品。表面被涂过漆的胎体经过反复多次的髹涂后，不仅坚固耐用，多样的装饰使器物色泽华丽。 The old saying goes: "Drip lacquer into the soil will not be bad for a thousand years." It talks about lacquerware. Lacquerware is a kind of handicraft or daily necessities made by coating raw lacquer on the surface of the carcass as a protective film. The lacquered surface of the carcass has been painted repeatedly for many times, and it is not only sturdy and durable, but also a variety of decorations make the color gorgeous.--Yang Hairong (talk) 02:50, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

4.东阳木雕的雕刻以平面浮雕为主，内容多为历史故事和民间传说，图案采用满花手法，画面布满纹饰，形成一种独特的艺术风格。 The woodcarvings of Dongyang are mainly flat reliefs, and the content is mostly historical stories and folk legends. The patterns are full of flowers and the picture which are covered with patterns, forming a unique artistic style.--Yang Hairong (talk) 02:49, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Yang Hui 阳慧

湘绣绣品主要用真丝丝线在真丝织物上绣制图案，它既有名贵的欣赏艺术品，也有美观适用的日用品。 Xiang Embroidery is mainly embroidered with silk silk thread on silk fabric patterns, it not only valuable appreciation of art, but also beautiful and applicable daily goods.

Embroidering patterns in silk fabric with silk thread, Xiang Embroidery crafts inculde valuable work of art,as well as beautiful materials for daily use.--Xiao Ting (talk) 09:06, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Xiao Ting

景泰蓝又名铜胎掐丝珐琅，中国特种手工艺品，最早产于元朝时的古老京都，盛行于明朝景泰年间(1450年-145 6年)，因其釉料颜色主要以蓝色(孔雀蓝和宝石蓝)为主,古称为景泰蓝。

Cloisonne , also known as copper fetuses, is a special Chinese handicraft, most preterm in the ancient Kyoto of the Yuan Dynasty . It was popular in the period of Jingtai (1450-145 6 years) in the Ming Dynasty.

雕刻工艺品是否成为珍品完全取决于雕刻工艺师对材料的感觉、对艺术的理解、雕刻技巧的发挥和孜孜不倦的精神，这不是普通人所能胜任的，也正是由于如此难能可贵，“雕刻”成为一种艺术、一种文化和一种精神的象征。

Whether or not the carving handicraft becomes the curiosa depends entirely on the carving craftsman's feeling to the material, the understanding to the art, the engraving skill display and the assiduous spirit, this is not the ordinary person can be competent, also because so precious, " engrave " becomes a kind of art,-a kind of culture and a kind of spirit symbol.

用生漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁。

The daily utensils, crafts and artworks made by applying raw lacquer to the surface of various objects are generally called " lacquerware ".Raw lacquer is a natural sap cut from sumac.--YangHui (talk) 08:40, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Yang Yue 杨悦

1、拥有2500余年历史的苏绣艺术，是中华民族的瑰宝，被誉为“东方明珠”，位列中国四大名绣之首，2006年，苏绣被公布为第一批国家级非遗代表作。

The embroidery art with over 2,500 years of history is a treasure of the Chinese nation. It is hailed as the “ Pearl of the Orient,” and it ranks among the top four most famous embroiderers in China. In 2006, Suzhou Embroidery was announced as the first national non-heritage representative.--Yang Yue (talk) 13:09, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Suzhou embroidery with over 2,500 years of history is a treasure of the Chinese nation. Hailed as the "Pearl of the Orient", it ranks first among the top four most famous embroiderers in China and was listed among the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage in 2006.--Xu Jia (talk) 09:52, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia

2、景泰蓝的制作工艺既运用了青铜工艺，有利用了瓷器、珐琅等工艺，同时大量引进传统绘画和雕刻技艺，堪称中国传统工艺的集大成者。

A kind of special craft that combines the copper with ceramics, bronzes, paintings and carving works. It is the unique one among the Chinese handicrafts.--Yang Yue (talk) 13:09, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3、中国的漆器，从新石器时代起，历经商周直至明清，漆器工艺不断发展，达到了相当高的水平。另外，它对日本等地都有深远影响。

Chinese lacquer, since the neolithic age, after Shangzhou until the Ming and Qing Dynasties, kept developing and reached a quite high level. What’ s more, it do have a far-reaching impact on Japan and other places.--Yang Yue (talk) 13:09, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Chinese lacquerware, since the neolithic age, through Shangzhou to Ming and Qing Dynasties, has been developing and reached a quite high level. In addition, it has a profound impact on Japan and other places.--Luo Yuqing (talk) 13:46, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4、木雕在长江两岸地区随处可见，其中最著名的有浙江的东阳木雕、广东的金漆木雕、福建的龙眼木雕和安徽的徽州木雕。

Wood carving can be seen all over the region on both sides of the Yangtze River where the best known includes the Dongyang wood carving in Zhejiang Province, the golden lacquer wood carving in Guangdong, longhand wood carving in Fujian Province and Huizhou wood carving in Anhui Province.--Yang Yue (talk) 13:09, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Wood carving can be seen all over the region on both sides of the Yangtze River, including the most famous ones like the Dongyang wood carving in Zhejiang Province, the golden lacquer wood carving in Guangdong Province, longan wood carving in Fujian Province and Huizhou wood carving in Anhui Province.--Xu Jia (talk) 09:52, 11 October 2020 (UTC)Xu Jia

Yang Ziling 杨子泠

这些绣品在图案的结构上非常严谨，有明确的几何布局，大量运用了花草纹、鸟纹、龙纹、兽纹，并且浪漫地将动植物形象结合在一起，手法上写实与抽象并用，穿插蟠叠，刺绣形象细长清晰，留白较多，体现了春秋战国时期刺绣纹样的重要特征。

These embroideries are very rigorous in the structure of the pattern, with a clear geometric layout and a large number of flower patterns, bird patterns, dragon patterns, and animal patterns. It romantically combines the images of animals and plants, using both realistic and abstract techniques. Interspersed with piles, the image is slender and clear with more white space, which reflects the important characteristics of embroidery patterns during the Spring and Autumn Period.

 --Yang Ziling (talk) 01:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

据有关史料记载，13世纪下半叶，元蒙军队远征，横跨欧亚大陆入侵西亚，俘虏了大批有专业技能的工匠作为工奴输往后方，专为蒙古贵族生产豪华日用品。此时，阿拉伯地区流行华丽的金属胎珐琅制品。


According to relevant historical records, in the second half of the 13th century, the Yuan-Mongolian army made an expedition across Eurasia and invaded West Asia, capturing a large number of skilled craftsmen as slaves and exporting them to the rear to produce luxury daily necessities for the Mongolian nobles. At that time, gorgeous metal enamel products were popular in the Arab region.

 --Yang Ziling (talk) 01:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

漆器所制作的器皿，样式多且富变化，造型简朴，表现出器物结构比例之美。一般而言，宋代漆器以素色静谧为主。 The utensils made by lacquerware have many styles and variations, and their shapes are simple, showing the beauty of the structure. Generally speaking, the lacquerware of Song Dynasty was mainly plain and quiet. --Yang Ziling (talk) 01:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)



刀法就是雕刻家用来体现自己创作构思的技术手法，也是形象地揭示艺术内容的手段。运刀的转折、顿挫、凹凸、起伏，都是为了使作品更加生动自然以充分体现木雕的材质美，体现丰富的雕琢美。


Knife technique is a technique used by sculptors to embody their creative ideas, as well as a means to vividly reveal artistic content. The twists, frustrations, bumps, and undulations of the knife are all to make the work more vivid and natural to fully reflect the beauty of the materials and carving itself. --Yang Ziling (talk) 01:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Yi Zichu 义子楚

1，刺绣的历史可以追溯到商朝，而汉朝又见证了刺绣在风格和技术上的一大飞跃 The history of embroidery can trace back to the Shang Dynasty. The Han Dynasty witnessed a leap in the styles and techniques of embroidery 2，景泰蓝的制作工艺既运用了青铜工艺，又利用了瓷器，珐琅等工艺，同时大量引进传统绘画和雕刻技术，堪称中国传统工艺等集大成者。 Cloisonne's craftsmanship not only uses bronze craftsmanship, but also porcelain, enamel and other crafts. At the same time, it introduces a large number of traditional painting and carving techniques. It can be called a master of traditional Chinese crafts. 3，人们成功烧制精美的白釉瓷器和以铜为着色剂的单釉瓷器，使得明代瓷器色彩艳丽。 Successful firing the exquisite white glaze porcelain and the single-glaze porcelain with copper as the coloring agent, made the Ming Dynasty porcelain colorful. 4，黄杨木雕最早作为立体雕刻的工艺品单独出现，供人们案头欣赏， 目前有实物可查考dao的是元代至正二年(1342年)的“李铁拐”像，现保存在北京故宫博物院 Boxwood carving the earliest as three-dimensional carving crafts alone, for people to appreciate the present a kind of desk, can be found is the Yuan Dynasty to the two years (1342) "Li Tieguai"like, are now preserved in the Imperial Palace Museum in Beijing. --Yi Zichu (talk) 12:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

You Yuting 游雨婷

1.刺绣是针线在织物上绣制的各种装饰图案的总称。它是用针和线把人的设计和制作添加在任何存在的织物上的一种艺术。刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，在中国至少有二三千年历史。 Embroidery is the general term for various decorative patterns embroidered on the fabric with needle and thread. It is the art of utilizing needles and threads to add human design and fabrication to any fabric that exists. Embroidery, one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts, has a long history of at least two or three thousand years in China.

Embroidery is the general term for various decorative patterns embroidered on the fabric with needle and thread. It is the art of utilizing needles and threads to add human designs and fabrication to any fabric that exists. Embroidery, one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts, has a long history of at least two or three thousand years in China.--Zhang Yinliu (talk) 16:15, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝一直在藏家的心中占有重要地位，自古就有“收藏若无景泰蓝，藏尽天下也枉然”之说，明清两朝的景泰蓝、珐琅彩等尤为受追捧。 Cloisonne has always held an important position in the hearts of collectors. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "if you don't collect cloisonne, it is useless to collect it at all." Cloisonne and enamel from the Ming and Qing dynasties were particularly popular.

Cloisonne has always taken an important place in the hearts of collectors. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "if you don't collect cloisonne, it is useless to collect all the other treasures in the world." Cloisonne and enamel from the Ming and Qing dynasties were particularly popular.--Zhang Yinliu (talk) 16:15, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.历经商周直至明清，中国的漆器工艺不断发展，达到了相当高的水平。中国的炝金、描金等工艺品，对日本等地都有深远影响。漆器是中国古代在化学工艺及工艺美术方面的重要发明。 Throughout the Shang, Zhou and Ming dynasties, Chinese lacquer craft continued to develop and reached a very high level. Chinese live gold, painted gold and other arts and crafts have a profound influence on Japan and other places. Lacquer ware is a significant invention in chemical technology and arts and crafts in ancient China.

4.雕刻技法，就是在雕刻创作中，作者对雕件的形象和空间的处理手法。这种手法主要体现在削减意义上的雕与刻。确切的说，就是由外向内一步步通过减去废料，循序渐进一步步讲形体挖掘显现出来的技艺和手段。 Carving technique is the treatment of the image and space of the carved piece by the author in the creation of carving. This technique is mainly embodied in the sense of cutting carving. To be exact, it is the art and means of body excavation by subtracting wastes step by step from the outside in.--You Yuting (talk) 04:12, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Carving technique refers to the treatment of the image and space on the carved piece by the craftsman in his creation. This technique is mainly embodied in the sense of cutting. To be more precise, it is the art and means of body excavation by subtracting wastes step by step from the outside in.--Chen Han (talk) 07:08, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Yu Ni 余妮

1.湘绣是以硬缎、交织软缎、尼纶等为原料绣制的精细工艺品，绣品既有名贵的欣赏艺术品，也有美观适用的日用品。

Xiang embroidery is a delicate handicraft with hard satin, interwoven soft satin and nylon as raw materials. Absorbing the spirit of Chinesepaintings, the embroidery reaches a high artistic level. There are not only valuable appreciation works of art, but also beautiful and applicable daily necessities.--Yu Ni (talk) 03:46, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

2.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称。它是集美术、工艺、雕刻、镶嵌、冶金等专业技术为一体，具有鲜明的民族风格和深刻文化内涵，是最具北京特色的传统手工艺品之一。

Beijing is the birthplace of cloisonne in China and the most important one. Beijing Cloisonne is famous for its elegant and vigorous shape, various patterns and beautiful and solemn colors. It is a collection of arts, crafts, sculpture, inlay, metallurgy and other professional technology as a whole, with distinct folk style and profound cultural connotation, is one of the traditional handicrafts with Beijing characteristics.--Yu Ni (talk) 03:46, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3.从新石器时代起人们就认识了漆的性能并用以制器。历经商周直至明清，中国的漆器工艺不断发展，达到了相当高的水平。

Since the Neolithic age, the properties of lacquer have been known and used to make utensils. Through the Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, China's lacquerware technology developed continuously and reached a very high level.--Yu Ni (talk) 03:46, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4.雕刻可以创造出具有一定空间的可视、可触的艺术形象，借以反映社会生活、表达艺术家的审美感受、审美情感、审美理想的艺术。

Carving can create a visual and touching artistic image with a certain space to reflect social life and express the artist's aesthetic feeling, aesthetic emotion and aesthetic ideal.--Yu Ni (talk) 03:46, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Yuan Tianyi 袁天翼

中国刺绣又称丝绣、针绣，是中国优秀的民族传统工艺之一。中国是世界上发现与使用蚕丝最早的国家，人们在四五千年前就已经开始养蚕、缫丝了。随着蚕丝的使用，丝织品的产生与发展，刺绣工艺也逐渐兴起，宋代时期崇尚刺绣服装的风气，已逐渐在民间广泛流行，这也促使了中国丝绣工艺的发展。

Chinese embroidery, known as silk embroidery and needlework, is one of the extraordinary national traditional crafts of China, which was the first country in the world to discover and use silk. People began to raise silkworms and reel silk four or five thousand years ago. With the utilization of silk, the birth and development of silk fabrics, embroidery technology also gradually emerged. In the Song Dynasty, the fashion of advocating embroidery clothing gradually became popular, which also promoted the development of Chinese silk embroidery.--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 02:33, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

景泰蓝，中国的著名特种金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺技术制作达到了最巅峰，制作出的工艺品最为精美而著名，故后人称这种金属器为“景泰蓝”。

Cloisonne is one of the famous special metal crafts of China. Upon the Time of Jingtai of the Ming Dynasty, the production of this kind of craft technology reached its climax, and the handicraft produced at that time was the most exquisite one which made it famous. Therefore, later generation called this kind of metal wares "cloisonne".--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 02:33, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁，主要由漆酚、漆酶、树胶质及水分构成。用它作涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆，光彩照人。

Generally, daily implements, artwares and handicrafts besmeared with lacquer on the surface are called "lacquer ware". Raw lacquer is a natural juice cut from sumac, mainly composed of urushiol, laccase, gum and moisture. It boasts moisture resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and other special functions when utilized as coating, which can also be designed with paint with different colors, brilliantly.--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 02:33, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

雕刻，是指把木材、石头或其他材料切割或雕刻成预期的形状皆可称之为雕刻。服务于这一目的的工具有刀、凿子、圆凿、圆锥、扁斧和锤子。

Sculpture refers to the wood, stone or other materials cut or carved into the desired shape. Tools serving for this purpose include knives, chisels, chisels, cones, axes and hammers.--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 02:33, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Zeng Liang 曾良

1.刺绣，是一种具有悠久传统的民间艺术，在中国艺术和手工艺品史上占有重要地位。刺绣的长期发展离不开蚕的饲养和纺丝技术的发展。 Embroidery,a folk art with a long tradition, occupies an important position in the history of Chinese arts and crafts. It is,in its long development, inseparable from silkworm-raising and silk-reeling and weaving.--Zeng Liang (talk) 07:10, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝又称“铜胎掐丝珐琅”，是一种中国传统的手工艺精品。它以细扁铜丝作线条，在铜质的胎地上捏出各种图案花纹，再将五彩珐琅点填在花纹内，经烧制、镀金而成。 Cloisonne, which is also called copper padding thread weaving enamel, is a kind of Chinese traditional handicrafts. The manufacture of cloisonne ware requires an elaborate and complicated process, namely, base-hammering, copper-wire curving, soldering, polishing, and gilding, ect.--Zeng Liang (talk) 07:10, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆固化后表面非常坚硬暴露在空气中也不易碎，并可高度磨光。 Lacquer becomes extremely hard but not brittle on exposure to air and takes a high polish.--Zeng Liang (talk) 07:10, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

4.诚招石刻、玉刻、木刻、陶瓷、金属等行业以及书法、民间艺术系列行业。 Welcome the industries of stone inscription, jade carving, woodcarving, ceramics, metal, calligraphy and the folk art.--Zeng Liang (talk) 07:10, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Zeng Xinyuan 曾心媛

1.作为中国四大名绣之一的湘绣，向来以历史悠久，工艺精湛，风格独特，品类繁多而闻名海内外。 Xiang embroidery, as one of the four famous embroideries, is well known at home and abroad for its long history, exquisite craftsmanship, unique style, and various categories.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 03:27, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

2.景泰蓝集青铜与瓷器的制作工艺、传统手工绘画和雕刻技艺于一身，堪称中国传统工艺的集大成者。 Cloisonné combines craftsmanship of bronze and porcelain, traditional manual painting, and carving skills in one, being an epitome of traditional Chinese craftsmanship.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 03:27, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

Combining the craftsmanship of bronze and porcelain, traditional manual painting, and carving skills, Cloisonné is an epitome of traditional Chinese craftsmanship. --Zhang Ling (talk) 07:40, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆器的发明和使用是中华民族对人类文明的杰出贡献，是我国古老的优秀传统手工艺品，在商周时期漆器的品种和工艺水平登上了高峰，战国时期更加鼎盛，明、清时代则呈现出千文万华的繁荣局面。 Invention and use of lacquerware is a great contribution of Chinese nation to human civilization, as well as an excellent traditional handicraft in China with a long history. In the period of Shang and Zhou Dynasties, variety and level of craftsmanship of lacquerware reached a peak, while in the period of warring states, it was at its best, and it was omniform and thriving in Ming and Qing Dynasties.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 03:27, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

4. 木雕蜕变是一个漫长的过程，每一件工艺品都是手艺人辛劳汗水和时光的结晶。 The birth of wood carving is a long process, as each artifact comes from hard work and time of craftsmen.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 05:35, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

Zhang Hui 张慧

1.宋代时期崇尚刺绣服装的风气，已逐渐在民间广泛流行，这也促使了中国丝绣工艺的发展。 In the Song Dynasty, the trend of advocating embroidery clothing has gradually become popular among the people, which also promoted the development of Chinese silk embroidery technology.--Zhang Hui (talk) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC) In the Song Dynasty, the trend of advocating embroidery clothing had gradually become popular among the people, which also promoted the development of Chinese silk embroidery technology.--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 15:54, 8 October 2020 (UTC) 2.景泰蓝，中国的著名特种金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺技术制作达到了最巅峰，制作出的工艺品最为精美而著名，故后人称这种金属器为“景泰蓝”。 Cloisonne, one of the famous special metal crafts in China, reached its peak during the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty, and the crafts produced were the most exquisite and famous, so later generations called this metalware "cloisonne".--Zhang Hui (talk) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC) Cloisonne, as one of the famous special metal crafts in China, reached its top peak during the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty, and the crafts produced in this period were the most exquisite and famous, so it is called this metalware "cloisonne" by later generations .--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 15:54, 8 October 2020 (UTC) 3.漆器的发明和使用是中华民族对人类文明的杰出贡献，是我国古老的优秀传统手工艺品，在商周时期漆器的品种和工艺水平登上了高峰。 The invention and use of lacquerware is an outstanding contribution of the Chinese nation to human civilization. It is an excellent ancient traditional handicraft in China. The variety and craftsmanship of lacquerware reached a peak during the Shang and Zhou Dynasties.--Zhang Hui (talk) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC) The invention and use of lacquerware is an outstanding contribution made by the Chinese nation to human civilization. It is an excellent ancient traditional handicraft in China. The variety and craftsmanship of lacquerware reached a peak during the Shang and Zhou Dynasties.--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 15:54, 8 October 2020 (UTC) 4.微雕施工面积极小，没有相当高的书法功底和熟练运用微雕工具的技能是难以完成的，且刻作时，要屏息静气，神思集中，一丝不苟。 The construction surface of micro-engraving is so small. It is difficult to complete without a high calligraphy skill and proficiency in the use of micro-engraving tools. When carving, it is necessary to hold your breath, concentrate and be meticulous.--Zhang Hui (talk) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

The construction surface of micro-engraving is so small. It is difficult to complete without a fairly high foundation of calligraphy skills and proficiency in the use of micro-engraving tools. When carving, it is necessary to hold your breath, concentrate and be meticulous.--You Yuting (talk) 04:15, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Ling 张玲

1. 湘绣是中国四大名绣之一，是以湖南长沙为中心的带有鲜明湘楚文化特色的湖南刺绣产品的总称，它起源于湖南的民间刺绣，吸取了苏绣和粤绣的优点而发展起来，已经有2000多年历史。

Hunan embroidery is one of the four famous embroidery in China. It is the general name of Hunan embroidery products with the distinctive Chu cultural characteristics centered on Changsha, Hunan Province. It originated from the folk embroidery in Hunan and developed by absorbing the advantages of Su embroidery and Yue embroidery, and has a history of more than 2,000 years. --Zhang Ling (talk) 01:39, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

2. 景泰蓝是古代劳动人民智慧的结晶。在历经元、明、清三代王朝的历史变革中，勤劳智慧的工匠艺人用他们的双手创造了灿烂的景泰蓝文化。

Cloisonne is the crystallization of the wisdom of the ancient working people. Through the historical changes of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, hardworking and intelligent craftsmen created splendid Cloisonne culture with their hands. --Zhang Ling (talk) 01:39, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3. 8000年前，新石器时代的原始人们惊奇地发现，用漆树上割取的天然汁液涂在木制器物表面，就能带给它们一层经久不朽的保护膜。

8000 years ago, the primitive people of the Neolithic Age were surprised to find that applying natural sap cut from the sumac tree on the surface of wooden utensils can give them a long-lasting protective film. --Zhang Ling (talk) 01:39, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4. 木雕作为一门非常优秀的民间工艺，不仅有着精湛的雕刻技艺，更是具备了几千年的历史文化积淀。

As a very excellent folk craft, wood carving not only has exquisite carving skills, but also has thousands of years of historical and cultural accumulation. --Zhang Ling (talk) 01:39, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Peiwen 张佩闻

现保存的较好的刺绣为甘肃民间藏品《福禄寿》，市面上常见的清代刺绣大多做工较为粗糙，图案简单，而《福禄寿》（长260cm，宽110cm）至今保存完好，颜色鲜艳，绣工精细。 The Three Lucky Man(god of fortune, god of prosperity, and god of longevity） collected by Gansu civil is one of the well-preserved embroiodery with 260cm long and 110cm wide.The bright color and exquisite workmanship diffrentiate it from the average Qing embroideries.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 03:03, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

这个厂主要生产我国传统工艺品：景泰蓝制品，也叫北京烧瓷。

This factory produces China's traditional arts and crafts: cloisonne, or Beijing enamel, as it is called.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 03:03, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

用漆做涂料，有耐潮，耐高温，耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配置出不同色漆，光彩照人。 This type of paint ,as a coating material, can be resistant to moisture,high-temperature and corrosion. Also,It can be configured to form different brilliant colors.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 03:03, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

这种雕刻要求手法精巧。 This kind of carving requires a delicate touch. --Zhang Peiwen (talk) 03:01, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Weihong 张维虹

1. 中国刺绣的历史，至少有三千多年。从其起源到发展，如同一部细化的服饰史、社会史、文化史。花样繁多的绣法、针法、材质，勾勒、点染、铺陈出最中国的审美意境，恰似锦绣中华。

The history of Chinese embroidery dates back some three thousand years ago. The story of its origin and development is like some detailed books of clothing, social and cultural history. A wide variety of embroidery techniques, needlework, and materials have been used to outline, dye, and depict the most Chinese aesthetic conceptions, just like the beautiful China. --Zhang Weihong (talk) 15:12, 10 October 2020 (UTC) Zhang Weihong

2. 铜胎掐丝珐琅，俗称景泰蓝，集制铜、制瓷、掐丝、绘画等多种技艺于一体，堪称中国传统工艺的集大成者。景泰蓝又被称为“火焰的艺术”，因其除了要焊接铜胎、铜丝，烧蓝的步骤也要重复多达三、四次。

Copper padding thread weaving enamel, commonly known as cloisonné, is a combination of copper, porcelain, thread-weaving, painting and other techniques. It represents the peak of traditional Chinese craft. Cloisonné is also known as "the art of fire", because apart from welding copper tires, copper wire, it includes three or four times of firing the blue. --Zhang Weihong (talk) 15:12, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zhang Weihong

3. 长沙，地处幅员广袤的荆楚腹心，自战国以来即富产漆器。

Located in the center of Jing Kingdom and Chu Kingdom with a vast territory, Changsha has been rich in lacquerwares since the Warring States period. --Zhang Weihong (talk) 15:12, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zhang Weihong

Changsha, located in the heart of the vast territory of Jing Chu, has been rich in lacquerware since the Warring States Period.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 03:11, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

4. 尼木县普松乡距拉萨市150公里，是著名的“雕刻之乡”。作为“尼木三绝”之一的普松雕刻是普松乡群众世世代代传承下来的一项古老技艺，现已成为西藏自治区级非物质文化遗产。

150 kilometers away from Lhasa, Pusong is known as "a village of carving". As one of the "three treasures of Nyemo County" , Carving is an ancient art passed down from generation to generation. It was listed as an item in the provincial level intangible cultural heritage. --Zhang Weihong (talk) 14:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zhang Weihong

Zhang Yinliu 张银柳

1. 十字绣也称十字桃花绣，是一种在民间广泛流传的传统刺绣方法。其针法特点，十字绣的纹样一般造型简练，结构严谨，常呈对称式布局的图案风格，也有写实风格的纹样，题材多为自然花草。十字绣具有浓郁的民间装饰风格。

Cross-stitch embroidery, also named as cross peach blossom embroidery, is a traditional embroidery method which is broad-spreading in the folk. Its pattern is usually concise in shapes, well-knit in structure, symmetric in layout as well as some realistic in pattern. The subjects of cross-stitch emroidery are about nature, flowers and grasses most of time. Cross-stitch embroidery features a strong folk decorative style.

2.中国有句很有哲理的老话，"他山之石，可以攻玉"，即使这种以金属为胎填敷珐琅釉料烧制而成的作品是舶来品，但在中华民族博大精深的艺术土壤上，也很快就融会了中华民族的传统风格，成为中国工艺美术史上一颗璀璨的明珠。

There is a very philosophical old saying,"Stones from other mountains may serve to polish the jade." Even though this foreign good which is made of metal and filled with enamel glaze before it is burnt, in the profound artistic soil of Chinese nation, it soon merged with traditional style of Chinese nation and became a shining pearl in the history of Chinese art and craft.

3.中国古代所用漆，是漆树分泌的一种汁液，经日晒脱水后，即成为可作涂料的熟漆。

The lacquer used in ancient China is a kind of sap secreted by the sumac tree. After being dehydrated in the sun, it becomes a processed lacquer that can be used as paint.

4. 我们的老师认为:精微艺术贵在精微，也难在精微，因为它不仅术其微小，还必须在微小之中再现艺术神采、韵味。每一件精微艺术品，无不是成功于所实的基本功之上，同时，又缀满了心血和汗水。

Our teacher believes that subtle art is valuable in its subtlety, and it is also difficult to keep subtle. Because it not only uses the subtlety, but also must reproduce the artistic charm and essence in the subtlety. Every piece of fine art is successful due to the basic skills, and at the same time, it is full of hard work and sweat. --Zhang Yinliu (talk) 16:04, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Yu 张瑜

1.中国传统刺绣属于中国传统民间艺术的重要部分,其中蕴藏了丰富的中国劳动人民智慧结晶,也体现着中国传统文化的核心思想。

Traditional Chinese embrooidery, as an important part of traditional Chinese folk art, holds profound wisdom discouvered by Chinese laboring people and embodies the core concepts of traditional Chinese culture.--Zhang Yu (talk) 07:02, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Traditional Chinese embroidery, as an important part of traditional Chinese folk art, holds the abundant treasure of Chinese laboring people's wisdom and embodies the core thoughts of traditional Chinese culture.--Zhang Yinliu (talk) 16:28, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝制作程序繁复,做工精美,民间有"一件景泰蓝,十件官窑器"的说法,足见景泰蓝的艺术价值之高。

The making of cloisonne requires rather elaborate and complicated processes. There is a saying that "a cloisonne is equal to ten official wares", which shows its high artistic value.--Zhang Yu (talk) 07:02, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

The making process of cloisonne is rather complicated and the cloisonne is quite elaborate. There is a saying in the folk, "A cloisonne is equal to ten official wares", which completely shows its high artistic value.--Zhang Yinliu (talk) 16:28, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆器的出现给人们的日常生活带来了便利,同时丰富了人们的精神生活,是人类文明的进步。

The appearance of lacquerware, as a symbol of progress in human civilization, brings convenience to people's daily life and enriches people's spiritual life.--Zhang Yu (talk) 07:02, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

4.中国玉雕艺术博大精深,具有十分丰富的文化内涵与较高的美学品位,经过长时间的历史发展与积淀,玉雕的内容和形式都趋于完善。

The Chinese art of jade carving, both extensive and profound, has rich cultural connotations and higher aesthetic taste. The content and form of jade carving tend to be comprehensive after a long period of historical development and accumulation. --Zhang Yu (talk) 07:00, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Yujie 张毓婕

1.苏州刺绣至今已有2000余年的历史，早在三国时期苏绣就出现了。

Suzhou embroidery has a long history of more than 2000 years, which can dates back to as early as the Three Kingdoms period (220-280 A.D.)

2.景泰蓝是中国的著名特种金属工艺品之一，属于国家级非物质文化遗产。

Cloisonne, one of China's famous special metal crafts, belongs to the national intangible cultural heritage.

3.漆器是指用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等。漆器是中国古代在化学工艺方面的重要发明。

Lacquerware, refering to everyday utensils, handicrafts, and fine arts made by painting on the surface of various objects, is an important invention of chemical technology in ancient China.

4.石雕的历史是艺术的历史，也是文化内涵丰富的历史，更是形象生动而又实在的人类历史。

The history of stone carving is the history of art. Carrying rich cultural connotations, it is also the vivid and real history of human beings.--Zhang Yujie (talk) 07:16, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Yuxing 张宇星

1.起源于川西民间的蜀绣，由于受地理环境、风俗习惯、文化艺术等各方面的影响，经过长期的不断发展，逐渐形成了严谨细腻、光亮平整、构图疏朗、浑厚圆润、色彩明快的独特风格。 The Shu embroidery originated in the folk of Western Sichuan. After long-term development with the influence of geographical environment, customs, culture and art, it has gradually formed a unique style which is rigorous and delicate, bright and flat, and thick and round with sparse composition, and bright colors.

2.景泰蓝，中国的著名特种金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺技术制作达到了最巅峰，制作出的工艺品最为精美而著名，故后人称这种金属器为“景泰蓝”。 Cloisonne, one of China's famous special metal crafts, reached its peak during the Jingtai period in the Ming Dynasty. As its crafts were famous for exquisite and famous, we called them "cloisonne".

3.生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁，主要由漆酚、漆酶、树胶质及水分构成。用它作涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆，光彩照人。 Raw lacquer, natural sap taken from the sumac tree, is mainly composed of urushiol, laccase, gum and water. Used as a coating, raw lacquer has many special functions including moisture resistance, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance, while it can also be applieded to formulate different color paints with brilliance.

4.在最常见的雕刻方法中，一只手拿着凿子，另一只手拿木槌，然后用木槌将凿子敲入木头或石头中。 One hand hold a chiseland another a mallet, and then drive the chisel into wood or stone with the mallet, which is the most common method for carving.--Zhang Yuxing (talk) 10:28, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhao Xi 赵茜

1.刺绣是我国独特的传统工艺品，我国的刺绣有着悠久的历史。早在秦汉时期，刺绣的工艺技术就发展到较高的水平，它是汉代封建经济的重要支柱，也是古代丝绸之路上对外输出的主要商品之一。

With a long history in China, embroidery is a unique traditional artifact. Early in the Qin and Han periods, as the technology of embroidery developed at a high level, embroidery was the pillar of the feudal economy in the Han Dynasty and was one of the major export commodities in the ancient Silk Road. --Zhao Xi (talk) 10:39, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Embroidery is an unique traditional artifact of China with a long history. Early in the Qin and Han Dynasties, craftsmanship of embroidery developed at a quite high level. Embroidery was a pillar of feudal economy in the Han Dynasty and one of the major export commodities on the ancient Silk Road.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

2.景泰蓝是宫廷艺术，从一出生就被打上了“御用”的烙印，一直被誉为重器，以此显示皇威、帝尊。

Cloisonne is a royal art for the use of the emperor since it appeared and is regarded as a treasure to represent imperial dignity and majesty.--Zhao Xi (talk) 10:39, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Cloisonné is a royal art, and since it appeared it had been determined to be used only by the emperor, being regarded as a treasure to represent imperial dignity and majesty.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

3.扬州漆器是我国四大漆器之一,因其工艺精湛、风格独特、装饰精细而闻名于世,具有鲜明的地方特色和时代特征。

Yangzhou lacquerware is one of the four great lacquerwares in China and is famous for its superb techniques, unique designs and exquisite decoration, possessing distinct localized features and time characteristics. --Zhao Xi (talk) 10:39, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Yangzhou lacquerware is one of the four great lacquerware in China, and is famous for its superb craftsmanship, unique style, and exquisite decoration, possessing distinct features of locality and the times.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

4.很久以前，我国古代的工匠就把他们精湛的雕刻艺术运用在宫殿、桥梁、佛寺的建筑上，例如紫禁城、卢沟桥、灵隐寺等处，为建筑群增添了奇丽无比的装饰效果。

Once upon a time, craftsmen in the ancient China applied their exquisite carving skills on such palaces, bridges and Buddhist temples as the Forbidden City, the Lugou Bridge and the Lingyin Temple, adding gorgeous decorative effects to a building complex.--Zhao Xi (talk) 10:39, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

Long time ago, craftsmen in ancient China applied exquisite carving art to palaces, bridges, Buddhist temples such as the Forbidden City, the Lugou Bridge, and Lingyin Temple, adding a gorgeous decorative effect to the complex.--Zeng Xinyuan (talk) 08:05, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Zeng Xinyuan

Zhao Xiaoyan 赵晓燕

1.早在秦汉时期，刺绣的工艺技术就发展到较高的水平，它和丝绸是汉代封建经济的重要支柱。 Early in Qin and Han Dynasties,the embroidery, as an craft and technology, had developed in a high level, which is the key support for the feudal economy of Han Dynasty besides silk.--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC) Early in the Qin and Han Dynasties,the embroidery, as an craft and technology, had developed in a high level, which is the key support for the feudal economy of Han Dynasty besides silk.--Zhang Hui (talk) 15:53, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

2.中国是瓷器的故乡，瓷器是古代劳动人民的一个重要创造。 China is the hometown of china, which is an important creation by ancient Chinese people.--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC) China is the hometown of china, which is an important creation by ancient Chinese people.--Zhang Hui (talk) 15:53, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

3.漆器文化历史悠久，兴于秦汉，建于明清，风格独特，蜚声全球，是中国传统的特种工艺宝库 。 The culture about lacquerware has a long history, which originated from Qin and Han Dynasties and formed in Ming and Qing Dynasties.As the traditional special craft treasury of China,lacquerware is well -knowned by the world with unique style.--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC) The culture about lacquerware has a long history, which originated from Qin and Han Dynasties and formed in Ming and Qing Dynasties.As the traditional special craft treasury of China,lacquerware is well-knowned by the world with unique style.--Zhang Hui (talk) 15:53, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

4.雕刻，是发自内心的，玉雕师本着对玉器的喜爱和敬仰而雕刻。 Carving needs to be done with heart, which requires the craftsman to do it with reverence and passion for the jade. --Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 15:46, 8 October 2020 (UTC) Carving needs to be done with the heart, which requires the craftsman to do it with reverence and passion for the jade.--Zhang Hui (talk) 15:53, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhou Yiwen 周艺文

1.湘绣的艺术特色，主要表现为形象生动、逼真，质感强烈，它是以画稿为蓝本，“以针代笔”，“以线晕色”，在刻意追求画稿原貌的基础上，进行艺术再创造。故其独特技艺，尽在“施针用线”之中。

As for artistic characteristics, Xiang embroidery is famaous for its vivid images and rich texture. Based on drawings, it tries to show the vivid images of the original drawings and futher recreate artistically. Therefore the unique skill of Xiangxiu is in the thread and stitches.

2.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称，给人以圆润坚实、细腻工整、金碧辉煌、繁花似锦的艺术感受，成为驰名世界的传统手工艺品。景泰蓝工艺的艺术特点可用形、纹、色、光四字来概括。

Beijing is the birthplace of China's cloisonne and the most important place of production. Beijing cloisonne is famous for its elegant and majestic shapes, rich patterns, and dignified colors. It impresses people with its strong artistic characteristics of mellowness, durableness, delicateness, neatness, and splendidness and has become a world-renowned traditional handicraft.

3.传统的扬州漆器，是在精致髹漆的基础上，选用翡翠、玛瑙、珊瑚、碧玉、白玉、象牙、紫檀、云母、夜光螺及金银等800种名贵材料制作而成。

Traditional Yangzhou lacquerware is made from 800 kinds of precious materials such as jade, agate, coral, jasper, white jade, ivory, red sandalwood, mica, luminous snail, gold and silver based on exquisite lacquer coating.

4.在艺术手法上，东阳木雕以层次高、远、平面分散来处理透视关系，并以中国传统绘画的散点透视或鸟瞰式透视为构图特点，在一定的平面和空间范围内所表现出来的内容要比西方古典浮雕更为丰富。

In terms of artistic techniques, Dongyang woodcarving handles the perspective relation by using space gradations, high or far, and scattered planes and composites by using the scattered perspective or bird's-eye perspective of traditional Chinese paintings. Thus its content expressed within a certain plane and space is richer than Western classical relief.--Zhou Yiwen (talk) 12:53, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhou Yuanqu 周园曲

1.百鸟被面以“百鸟朝凤”为题材，画面以凤凰为中心，百鸟群聚于凤凰周围，或翔或栖，或鸣或舞，千姿百态，栩栩如生。

The pattern on the quilt shows an image of all birds paying homage to the phoenix. With the phoenix at the center, hundreds of birds fly or perch, sing or dance, all different in postures and as vivid as life.--Zhou Yuanqu (talk) 12:52, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

2.景泰蓝，中国著名金属工艺品类之一，到明代景泰年间这种工艺技术制作达到了最巅峰，又因其使用的珐琅釉多以蓝色为主，故而得名“景泰蓝”。

Cloisonne is a famous metal handicraft in China. Because its craftmanship reached its peak in Jingtai period of Ming dynasty(1450 A.D.-1457 A.D.) and the color of its enamel glaze is mostly blue, it is known as the Blue of "Jingtai".--Zhou Yuanqu (talk) 12:52, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

3.宋朝制作的漆器样式多且富变化，造型简朴，表现出器物结构比例之美。一般而言。宋代漆器以素色静谧为主。

Lacquerware of Song dynasty, plain and unadorned, varies in shape and style, exhibiting the beauty of structural proportions. Usually it is in a plain and tranquil tone.--Zhou Yuanqu (talk) 12:52, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

In Song dynasty, Lacquerware is plain and unadorned. It varies in shape and style, exhibiting the beauty of structural proportions. Usually it is in a plain and tranquil tone.--Yu Ni (talk) 02:28, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

4.2008年6月7日，木雕经国务院批准列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。

Approved by the State Council, wood carving was included in the 2nd batch of national intangible cultural heritage list on July 7th, 2008.--Zhou Yuanqu (talk) 12:52, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Wood carving was approved by the State Council to be included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list on June 7th, 2008.--Yang Yue (talk) 13:13, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhu Meimei 祝美梅

在全国人大代表、贵州松桃苗绣公司负责人石丽平的坚守和带动下,成千上万名绣娘拿起手中的一针一线,用小小针尖撬动脱贫大事业,既传承发展了"松桃苗绣",又富了"口袋",闯出了一条刺绣致富的好路子。 

Driven by Shi Liping, the representative of the National People's Congress and the head of Songtao Miao Embroidery Company in Guizhou province, thousands of embroidery girls took up their needles and threads to engage in the massive undertaking of poverty alleviation, which not only inherit and develop "Songtao Miao Embroidery", and also make a profit, ushering a good way to get rich with the art of embroidery.

With the persistence and leading of Shi Liping, the representative of the National People's Congress and the head of Songtao Miao Embroidery Company in Guizhou province, thousands of embroidery girls took up their needles and threads to engage in the massive undertaking of poverty alleviation, which not only inherited and developed "Songtao Miao Embroidery", and also made a profit, ushering a good way to get rich with the art of embroidery.--Gao Mingzhu (talk) 13:40, 10 October 2020 (UTC)Gao Mingzhu

景泰蓝制作工艺、纹饰与器形富有鲜明的民族特色和中国传统风格,是中国传统工艺品的瑰宝,具有极高的艺术、历史和收藏价值。 

Owing to its craftsmanship, ornamentation and ware shape, Cloisonne is characterized by unique ethnic favor and traditional Chinese style. They are treasures of traditional Chinese crafts and enjoy extremely high artistic, historical and collection value.

漆器是指用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的器具及工艺品。中国人制造漆器的历史最早可以追溯到7000多年前的新石器时代，经过不断地发展，中国漆器在制造工艺和艺术上都达到了很高的水平，错彩镂金，极尽富丽之美。 Lacquerware refers to utensils or handicrafts made by painting their surface with lacquer. The history of Chinese lacquer production can be traced back to the Neolithic Age more than 7000 years ago. With persistently development, Chinese lacquerware has reached a very high level both in manufacturing craftsmanship and art. colourfully and dazzlingly embellished Lacquerware fully displays a kind of splendid and delicate beauty.

远在新石器时代的河姆渡文化、大汶口文化，就曾发掘出精美的雕花象牙制品。 As far back as the Hemudu and Dawenkou Culture in the Neolithic Age, exquisite carved ivories were unearthed.--Zhumeimei (talk) 08:44, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhu Xu 朱旭

1. 任何一件湘绣艺术品，都离不开精心饰裱。也是绣品的最后的工序。通常，一件绣品在饰裱和框架的选择方面应与绣品的构图和颜色搭配。

Any piece of Xiang embroidery artwork can not be separated from elaborate decoration. It is also the last step of embroidery. Usually, a piece of embroidery in the choice of the frame and decoration should be with the composition and color of the embroidery.--Zhu Xu (talk) 07:06, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

2. 社会经济不断发展，至清中期，物阜民丰，国力强盛，统治阶级有足够的财力精力来支持工艺美术的发展，很多工艺品种都较以前有了长足的进步，这一时期的珐琅工艺也不例外。

With the continuous development of social economy, by the middle of the Qing dynasty, the ruling class had sufficient financial resources and energy to support the development of the applied arts. This period of enamel technology is no expectation.--Zhu Xu (talk) 07:06, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3. 新石器时代的漆器制造处于探索阶段，主要制作生活用品，漆色以红、黑两种单色为主，工艺仅有彩绘和镶嵌两种。

The manufacture of Neolithic lacquerware is in the exploration stage, the main productions are household goods which painted in red or black. There are only two kinds of crafts: painted and inlaid.--Zhu Xu (talk) 07:06, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4. 玉雕是中国独有的技艺，具有悠久的发展历史和鲜明的时代特征，不同的朝代，玉雕有着不同的造型与特色。

Jade carving is a unique Chinese art, with a long history of development and distinctive characteristics of the Times. In Different dynasties, jade carving has different shapes and characteristics.--Zhu Xu (talk) 07:06, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Zou Xinyu 邹鑫雨

1.刺绣是中国优秀的民族传统工艺之一，刺绣与养蚕，缫丝分不开，所以刺绣，又称丝绣。中国是世界上发现与使用蚕丝最早的国家，人们在四五千年前就已经开始了养蚕、缫丝了。随着蚕丝的使用，丝织品的产生与发展，刺绣工艺也逐渐兴起。

Embroidery is one of the extraordinary Chinese traditional crafts. As it's inseperable from sericulture and silk reeling, it's also called silk embroidery. China is the earlist country in the world to discover and utilize silk. Chinese people started sericulture and silk reeling four to five thousand years ago. With the utilization of silk, the emergence and development of silk fabrics, embroidery is gradually springng up.--Zou Xinyu2 (talk) 06:06, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Zou Xinyu

2.景泰蓝与雕漆、玉器、象牙被称为北京工艺品的四大名旦，更以悠久的历史、典雅优美的造型、鲜艳夺目的色彩、华丽多姿的图案、繁多的品种造型等使其成为工艺美术世界里一颗璀璨的明珠。

Cloisonne, carved lacquer, jade and ivory are known as the four illustrious arts of Beijing handicrafts, and cloisonne, depending on its long history, elegant shapes, eye-catching colors, gorgeous patterns, inumerous varieties,etc., becomes a resplendent pearl shining in the world of arts and crafts.--Zou Xinyu2 (talk) 06:06, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Zou Xinyu

3.漆器最开始是看不到美的，成型的步骤漫长而繁琐，安静又孤独。而当你站在已经有着3000多年历史的成都漆器面前，你就会看见岁月一点一滴从细腻的技艺中渗透出一种光芒，圆润秀气，无一丝张扬。

The beauty of lacquerware is not seen at its very begining, and its procedure of shaping is time-consuming and tedious, silent and solitary. But when you stand in front of Chengdu lacquerware which has a history of more than 3000 years, you'll observe that the age quietly permeates a kind of mellow light from delicate craftsmanship bit by bit.--Zou Xinyu2 (talk) 06:06, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Zou Xinyu

4. 沉睡的庞贝古城，将人像的雕刻艺术交织于生活用品，似向世人叙说西方古国的风情人貌；繁荣的中山古国，则将富有神秘色彩的东方传说，汇聚于雕刻品中。

The sleeping ancient city of Pompeii intertwined the carving art of portraits with daily necessities, which seems to tell the world about the customs and features of the ancient western countries; while the prosperous ancient Zhongshan country brought together mysterious oriental legends in the carvings.--Zou Xinyu2 (talk) 06:06, 9 October 2020 (UTC)Zou Xinyu

Zubareva, Ekaterina

1.有超过100,000个不同的汉字。 实际上，不可能完全精确地计算它们。 但是，对于有识字的人来说，有用字符的数量“仅”在3,000到6,000之间。 There are more than 100,000 different Chinese characters. It is actually impossible to count them all precisely. The number of useful characters, for a literate person however, is “only” between 3,000 and 6,000. --ZubarevaEkaterina (talk) 05:59, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

2.中国书法是作为一种艺术形式的汉字书写，它结合了纯粹的视觉艺术和对文学意义的阐释。 Chinese calligraphy is the writing of Chinese characters as an art form, combining purely visual art and interpretation of the literary meaning. --ZubarevaEkaterina (talk) 05:59, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

3.书法家和艺术家都使用称为“笔/bĭ”或“毛笔/máobĭ”的墨水笔，这是中国人在公元前300年发明的一种工具。 Calligraphers as well as artists use ink brushes known as 笔/bĭ or 毛笔/máo bĭ, a tool the Chinese invented around 300 BC. --ZubarevaEkaterina (talk) 05:59, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

4.《兰亭集序》（王羲之） 虽无丝竹管弦之盛，一觞一咏，亦足以畅叙幽情。 Although there is no prosperity of the silk and bamboo orchestra, one chant and one chant are enough to express the secret feelings.--ZubarevaEkaterina (talk) 05:59, 11 October 2020 (UTC)