20201102 cult

Lei Fangyuan 雷方圆

1.故宫外朝，建筑气势雄伟、豪华壮丽，是中国古代建筑艺术的精华。

The Palace Museum faces outwards, its buildings are majestic, luxurious and magnificent, which is the essence of ancient Chinese architectural art.

The Imperial Palace, solemn and magnificent, facing towards the outside, is famed as the quintessence of ancient Chinese architecture art.--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 02:29, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

2.园林建筑是园林景观中必不可少的要素,满足不同群体休憩、游览、集会等功能需求。古典园林建筑有成熟的营造理论和审美情趣,承载着多彩的民族文化和精神内涵。

Garden architecture is an indispensable element in the garden landscape, meeting the functional needs of different groups such as rest, tour, and assembly. Classical garden architecture has mature construction theory and aesthetic taste, and carries colorful national culture and spiritual connotation

3.颐和园，中国清朝时期皇家园林，前身为清漪园，坐落在北京西郊，距城区15公里，占地约290公顷（2.9平方千米），与圆明园毗邻。

The Summer Palace, an imperial garden during the Qing Dynasty in China, formerly known as Qingyi Garden, is located in the western suburbs of Beijing, 15 kilometers away from the city, covering an area of about 290 hectares (2.9 square kilometers), adjacent to the Old Summer Palace.--Lei Fangyuan (talk) 14:53, 4 November 2020 (UTC)--Lei Fangyuan (talk) 14:53, 4 November 2020 (UTC)

Phyo, Su Kyi

1-中国古代著名建筑- 紫禁城,天坛,钱陵,古城墙,大雁塔。

Famous Ancient Chinese Buildings-The Forbidden City,Temple of Heaven,Qian Mausoleum,Ancient City Wall,Big Wild Goose Pagoda.

2-中日花园的主要区别在于，与日式花园相比，中式花园往往更为大胆，充满异国情调，具有观赏性，并且在整个公园般的环境中具有更多的建筑和结构，而日式花园则总体上较为柔和，朴素和简约。

The main difference between Chinese and Japanese gardens is that Chinese gardens tend to be more bold, exotic, ornamental, and have more architecture and structures throughout a park-like setting, compared to Japanese gardens which tend to be more subdued, austere and minimalist overall.

3-1888年，颐和园获得了现今的中文名称，即颐和园，并作为慈禧太后的避暑胜地。 1900年，它被八国联军摧毁。 1912年，它被重建为清朝（1644-1912）的最后一幕。

In 1888, the Summer Palace was given its present-day Chinese name, Yihe Yuan, and served as a summer resort for the Empress Dowager Cixi. In 1900, it was destroyed by the Allied Forces of the Eight Powers. In 1912, it was rebuilt as one of the final acts of the Qing Dynasty (1644–1912).

4-凯瑟琳·卡尔（Katharine Carl）是美国肖像画家和作家。她在美国，欧洲和亚洲创作了著名的皇家人物的画作。 Katharine Carl was an American portrait painter and author. She made paintings of notable and royal people in the United States, Europe and Asia.

Wu Qiong 吴琼

1. 故宫前部宫殿，当时建筑造型要求宏伟壮丽，庭院明朗开阔，象征封建政权至高无上，太和殿坐落在紫禁城对角线的中心，四角上各有十只吉祥瑞兽。 The front palace of the Forbidden City had a magnificent architectural style at that time. The courtyard was bright and open, symbolizing the supremacy of the feudal regime. The Hall of Supreme Harmony was located in the center of the diagonal line of the Forbidden City, with ten auspicious beasts on each corner.

2. 苏州园林博物馆以造园工具、陈设家具、建筑构建等实物为主要载体展示园林的传统造园工艺，并运用了现代科技手段展示古典园林的艺术魅力。 The Suzhou Garden Museum uses garden tools, furnishings, architectural construction and other physical objects as the main carrier to display the traditional gardening crafts of the garden, and uses modern technology to show the artistic charm of classical gardens.

3. 颐和园是晚清最高统治者在紫禁城之外最重要的政治和外交活动中心，是中国近代历史的重要见证与诸多重大历史事件的发生地。 The Summer Palace was the most important center of political and diplomatic activities by the supreme ruler of the late Qing Dynasty outside the Forbidden City. It was an important witness of modern Chinese history and the place where many major historical events occurred.--WuQiong (talk) 08:51, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

Yuan Tianyi 袁天翼

说到中国文化，不得不提到长城。从公元前7世纪到公元16世纪，在大约2200年的时间里，先后有19个朝代修建过长城，所修的长城长达10千米以上。主要的长城修建工程是在秦代、汉代和明代完成的。

We must refer to the Great Wall when it comes to Chinese culture. Through about 2200 years from the 7th century B.C. to the 16th century A.D., it was built in 19 dynasties successively, reaching over 10 kilometers in length. Main construction project was carried out in the Qin Dynasty, Han Dynasty and Ming Dynasty.--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 02:26, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

1961年3月4日，颐和园被公布为第一批全国重点文物保护单位，与同时公布的承德避暑山庄、拙政园、留园并称为中国四大名园，1998年11月被列入《世界遗产名录》。2007年5月8日，颐和园经国家旅游局正式批准为国家5A级旅游景区。 2009年，颐和园入选中国世界纪录协会中国现存最大的皇家园林。

On March 4th, 1961, the Summer Palace was announced as one of the first batch of National Priority Cultural Relic Protection Sites, famed as “ Four Great Palaces of China” with Chengde Mountain Resort, Humble Administrator Garden,Lingering Garden simultaneously. The Summer Palace was listed into World Heritage List in November 1998, and on May 8th, 2007, it was officially ratified as National 5A Scenic Spots by National Tourism Administration. In 2009, the Summer Palace, under the acknowledgement of China World Record Association, was selected as the largest extant royal garden of China.--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 02:26, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

中国古典园林艺术是指以江南私家园林和北方皇家园林为代表的中国山水园林形式。在中国传统建筑中，古典园林是独树一帜有重大成就的建筑。它被举世公认为世界园林之母，世界艺术之奇观，人类文明的重要遗产。其造园手法已被西方国家所推崇和摹仿，在西方国家掀起了一股“中国园林热”。

Chinese classical garden art mainly refers to Jiangnan private gardens and North royal gardens. Among all the Chinese traditional buildings, classic gardens boasts unique achievement, which is widely acknowledged as the Mother of the World Gardens, a miracle of the art of the world, and significant heritage of human civilization. The construction technique of Chinese gardens has been adored and imitated by western countries, ushering in “Chinese garden craze” in the occidental world.--Yuan Tianyi (talk) 02:26, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Hui 张慧

1.中国传统建筑正是中国历史悠久的传统文化和民族特色的最精彩、最直观的传承载体和表现形式。 Chinese traditional architecture is the most wonderful and intuitive transmission carrier and expression form of China's long-standing traditional culture and national characteristics.--Zhang Hui (talk) 08:31, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

Chinese traditional architecture is the most wonderful and intuitive transmission carrier and expression form for Chinese long-standing traditional culture and national characteristics.--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 08:31, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

2.中国园林区别于世界上其他园林体系的最大特点，在于它不以创造呈现在人们眼前的具体园林形象为最终目的，它追求的是意境。 The biggest feature of Chinese gardens that distinguishes it from other garden systems in the world is that it does not take the creation of a concrete garden image that is presented to people as its ultimate goal.It pursues artistic conception.--Zhang Hui (talk) 08:31, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

The biggest feature that distinguishes Chinese gardens from other garden systems in the world is that it does not take the creation of a specific garden image in front of people as its ultimate goal, but rather the pursuit of the mood.--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 08:31, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

3.颐和园集传统造园艺术之大成，借景周围的山水环境，既有皇家园林恢弘富丽的气势，又充满了自然之趣，高度体现了中国园林“虽由人作，宛自天开”的造园准则。 The Summer Palace is a monument to classical Chinese architecture, in terms of both garden design and construction. Borrowing scenes from surrounding landscapes, it radiates not only the grandeur of an imperial garden but also the beauty of nature in a seamless combination that best illustrates the guiding principle of traditional Chinese garden design: "The works of men should match the works of Heaven".--Zhang Hui (talk) 08:31, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

Zhang Peiwen 张佩闻

假山和石花园是中国园林建筑的重要组成部分。 The artificial mountain and rock garden is the integral element of Chinese classical gardens.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 09:02, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

中国园林善于和借景，不会死板地将景观以对称的方式排列，而是会将大大小小的景观不守成规精妙地排列。 The Chinese garden architecture characterized by taking advantages of the environment and shun symmetry along axis and adopt an irregular and complicated layout with plenty of large and small spaces.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 09:02, 5 November 2020 (UTC) 颐和园是世界上最广阔的皇家园林之一，园区主要有万寿山，昆明湖两大景区组成。颐和园是“三山五园”之一，也是中国最后一座皇家林园。 The Summer Palace is one of the most extensive royal gardens in the world. It is mainly composed of Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake. It is one of the three mountains and five gardens and the last royal garden in China.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 09:02, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

Zhao Xiaoyan 赵晓燕

1.中国不同地域其建筑艺术风格等各有差异，但其传统建筑的组群布局、空间、结构、建筑材料及装饰艺术等方面却有着共同的特点，区别于西方，享誉全球。

Different regions have different architectural styles in China, but their traditional buildings have common characteristics in terms of group layout, space, structure, building materials and decorative arts, which are different from the West and enjoy a worldwide reputation.--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 08:23, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

Different regions of China have different architectural styles, but their traditional buildings have common characteristics in terms of group layout, space, structure, building materials and decorative arts, which are different from the West and enjoy a worldwide reputation.--Zhang Hui (talk) 08:30, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

2.中国传统园林集色、香、韵于一身，自古以来便给人们提供了一个休闲纳凉的好去处，对中国文化传承具有重要意义。

Traditional Chinese gardens combine color, fragrance and rhyme. Since ancient times, they have provided people with a good place to relax and enjoy the cool. It is of great significance to the inheritance of Chinese culture.--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 08:23, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

Chinese traditional gardens, integrating color, fragrance and charm, have provided people with a good place to relax and enjoy the cool since ancient times, which is of great significance to the inheritance of Chinese culture.--Zhang Hui (talk) 08:30, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

3.颐和园，中国清朝时期皇家园林，前身为清漪园，坐落在北京西郊，距城区15公里，占地约290公顷（2.9平方千米），与圆明园毗邻。

The Summer Palace, an imperial garden during the Qing Dynasty in China, formerly known as Qingyi Garden, is located in the western suburbs of Beijing, 15 kilometers away from the city, covering an area of about 290 hectares (2.9 square kilometers), adjacent to the Old Summer Palace.--Zhao Xiaoyan (talk) 08:23, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

The Summer Palace, a Chinese imperial garden during the Qing Dynasty, formerly known as the Garden of Clear Ripples, is located in the western suburbs of Beijing, 15 kilometers away from the city, covering an area of about 290 hectares (2.9 square kilometers), adjacent to the Old Summer Palace.--Zhang Hui (talk) 08:30, 5 November 2020 (UTC) The Summer Palace, an imperial garden during the Qing Dynasty in China, formerly Known as the Garden of Clear Ripples, is situated in the western suburbs of Beijing, 15 kilometers away from the city, covering an area of 290 hectares(2.9 square kilometers), adjacent to the Old Summer Palace.--Zhang Peiwen (talk) 09:11, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

Zhu Meimei 祝美梅

7月16日至30日，在四川美术学院美术馆展出的《“见微知著方寸之间”中国建筑艺术之美》展览让人印象深刻。中国唐宋明清时期建筑的绝代风华，梁思成、陈从周等建筑大师的心血之作尽收眼底。

From July 16th to 30th, the exhibition " From 'pars pro toto' to See the Beauty of Chinese Architectural Art" at the Art Museum of Sichuan Academy of Fine Arts was impressive. We can appreciate the unparalleled beauty of architectures in China's Tang, Song, Ming and Qing dynasties, and the painstaking works of architects such as Liang Sicheng and Chen Congzhou.

中国人建造园林有两千多年的历史，在漫长的时间里，形成了皇家园林、寺观园林、私家园林三足鼎立的格局。 Chinese garden building history is more than two thousand years. Over a long period of time, three pillars which are imperial gardens, temple gardens, and private gardens have been formed.

颐和园坐落在北京西郊,主要由昆明湖和万寿山两部分组成,占地面积约290公顷。它既是一座极具江南风情的大型山水园林,又是我国保存最完整的一座皇家行宫御苑,1998年被列入《世界遗产名录》。 The Summer Palace is located in the western suburbs of Beijing, mainly composed of Kunming Lake and Longevity Mountain, covering an area of about 290 hectares. It is not only a large-scale landscape garden with great Jiangnan characteristics, but also the most intactly preserved imperial palace garden in my country. It was included in the "World Heritage List" in 1998.--Zhumeimei (talk) 07:44, 5 November 2020 (UTC)