20210601 culture

Final Exam Paper Page. Please write now here and improve until grading on 2021 06 15

• Link to return to Course Homepage.
• Link to the other Final Exam paper pages: Final Exams 1 Bào Qìnwén 鲍沁雯 - Dù Xīnyǔ 杜心语; Final Exams 2 Guō Yàbō 郭亚波 - Huáng Zǐlóng 黄梓龙; Final Exams 3 Lǐ Yìhào 李艺浩 - Sū Xiāo 苏潇; Final Exams 4 Tāng Huì 汤惠 - Wáng Qìnyú 王沁瑜; Final Exams 5 Wáng Zǐhán 王子涵 - Zhào Kē 赵轲.

1. Every student should write a new English text on a phenomenon in Chinese culture as a new chapter in the text book. Please also make a comparisons to similar or different cultural phenomenons in Europe and/or the USA.

2. Please find a paper you want to proof read, contact the author, proof read (by copying each paragraph and make corrections/suggestions in the copy) and sign until May 25. The author then finalizes (works in the suggestions) until the final deadline June 1! Please proof read a fellow students' paper by copying each paragraph and make your corrections in the paragraph. In a final step, the original author of the paper has to decide, what of the corrections he/she will accept and work into the paper. The final version submitted on the deadline should not carry any of the fellow student's paragraphs and comments.

• You can use the texts in the coursebook as an example (like Unit 1, Text A). You only need to write Text A (like "Longevity Noodles") or Text B ("Mooncakes"), not a whole Unit. But please try to find fellow students who topics fit under the same Unit title ("Festival Meals") and arrange it accordingly.
• In the topic, please write the category, then the topic - your name and student no.
• For the text, please indicate ALL SOURCES with bibliographical references. That means: At least for every paragraph, sometimes for single sentences, you have to indicate at the end, where you have found this information. E.g. (Liu Miqing 2010, 17). This means you have found it in the book or paper written by Ms Liu on page 17.
• Add a section at the end called "References". There you write the full version of the reference: Liu Miqing 刘宓庆. (2010). 翻译基础 [Translation Basis]. Shanghai: East China Normal University 华东师范大学. Similarly, you do it for papers: Jin Wenlu`靳文璐. (2019). 机器翻译可以取代人工翻译吗? [Can machine translation replace human translation?]. 智库时代 Think Tank Times (40) 282-284.
• Please also add a list "Terms and Expressions".
• Please add a "Questions" section.
• Please add a "Answers" section.

This is the the first page with the final exam papers.

Please write another chapter of the textbook on any cultural phenomenon in China.

Bào Qìnwén 鲍沁雯：Chinese Jade Culture

ok

Chén Kērǔ 陈柯汝 Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival

Introduction

introduction of the painting.

Riverside Scene at Tomb Sweeping Day is a painting attributed to Song Dynasty artist Zhang Zeduan(张择端). It witness the the daily life of people and prosperity of the capital city Bianjing(汴京), today’s Kaifeng(开封), from the Northern Song Dynasty. In the scroll, there are businesses of all kinds, selling wine, grain, cookware, bows and arrows, lanterns, musical instruments, gold and silver, ornaments, as well as many restaurants. Vendors extend all along the great bridge, called the Rainbow Bridge. In addition to the shops and diners, there are inns, temples, private residences, and official buildings varying in grandeur and styles. Over the centuries, the scroll was collected and kept among numerous private owners. It was re-purchased in 1945 and kept at the Beijing Palace Museum. It is regarded as national treasures and is exhibited only for brief periods every few years.(Nico)

introduction of the author

Zhang Choose Good-attitude(张择端）, courtesy name Correct Tao(正道）, was of the Han nationality, born in East Valiant（东武） (present-day All City诸城, Shandong Province), and a master of painting in the Northern Song Dynasty. Xuanhe years as a academician, he was good at painting floor view, buildings, trees, figures.

After Zhang failed in the imperial examination, he began to learn Ruler Painting. Ruler Painting is a kind of drawing with the help of ruler to show the architecture. In painting, a small piece of wood is attached to the pen. With this piece of wood, the pen moves against the ruler and makes straight lines of different lengths according to the painter's intention. Ruler Painting is easier to draw the effect, as long as the use of skilled tools; painting fine and accurate, will obtain the recognition of the viewer, so the painter is easier to make a living.

Three main parts of the painting

Zhang Zeduan shows a strong artistic generality in the picture. Taking the daily living conditions of the citizens of the Northern Song Dynasty Bianjing as the trail, the lively scene of shops strewn at random, citizens jostling with each other, and the bustling city life of heavy traffic are condensed into a long scroll of more than five meters.

Enter the city

From the beginning of "Enter the city", the first to appear is a group of "horse gang", carrying goods into the city for trade; Then came a procession of bearers, carrying bridal chairs on their shoulders, followed by the attendants, each holding a bridal gift in his hand, hurrying on in the morning light. With the extension of the picture, the number of characters gradually increases, and the store also begins to open its doors to welcome visitors. There was a scene of unloading trades on the docks. At this time, the boats gathered, the tow, the sail, the accounts, the cargo, and the cooking, vivid representation of the real situation of Bianjing shipping.（Yang Bing）File:.jpg

Cross the river

When it refers to “cross the river”, there is a "Rainbow Bridge" across the Bianhe River. There were so many people on the bridge. Those who carry sedan chairs, sell farm tools or produce, ride donkeys or shout at others. In particular, there was a row of people on one side of the bridge, pointing fingers at the cargo ships carrying grain below. On the ship, the boatmen at the helm, support, throw the cable, put the mast, and shout command, in order to avoid collision between the ship and the bridge, each scrambling, which is a busy scene. This formed a sharp contrast to the quiet suburb atmosphere in “Enter the city”.（Yang Bing）File:.jpg

Out of the city

When the chapter of "Out of the City" is unfolded, row upon row of restaurants, cars, tea-houses, restaurants, inns, medicine shops, cloth shops, houses, incense shops, temples and so on crisscross the street. There are carriers, coachmen, ox-drivers, donkeys, drinkers, storytellers, cart-repairers, drivers, fortune-tellers, chatters, gamblers, bake-sellers, camel caravans, and so on. There are a variety of situations in the market. Mules, horses, cattle, sheep, pigs, dogs, donkeys and other animals are all in shape and spirit.（Yang Bing）File:.jpg

Main idea of the painting

File:.jpg Looking further ahead, we come to the Rainbow Bridge. This is the climax of the social conflict in the painting. There was a great passenger ship full of passengers, when suddenly there was a great danger that the mast of the ship would strike the bridge. According to common sense, at a certain distance from the the Rainbow Bridge, there should be a person on duty to remind the trackers to stop towing and lower the mast, so as not to hit the bridge mast.(Yu Hui余辉、Xu Bei徐蓓)

But these jobs were all gone, so the tow-men were busy pulling the boat up to the bridge until the men on board found that disaster was imminent.(Yu Hui余辉、Xu Bei徐蓓)

A wave is not flat, a rise, the bridge is dangerous. The crowds on the bridge, caused entirely by the occupation on both sides, have compressed the width of the deck. At either end of the bridge came a group of civil officials and military generals, and their guards were quarreling with each other and making a mess of each other.(Yu Hui余辉、Xu Bei徐蓓)

The artist weaved various social contradictions in the bridge and under the bridge, reflecting the acute social problems caused by the inaction of officials in the late Northern Song Dynasty.(Yu Hui余辉、Xu Bei徐蓓)

References

Yang Bing 杨兵. (2021-04-10). 杨兵艺谈(十) 市井大观 时空集成——张择端《清明上河图》鉴赏.艺术品鉴 Yu Hui余辉、Xu Bei徐蓓.繁华背后，《清明上河图》揭示了什么.2019-10-25.解放日报. Travel English.2017-12-19.https://www.sohu.com/a/211555543_652593 Nico的外语课.20-05-19 https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1667096267305218444&wfr=spider&for=pc

Questions

1.What are the three main parts of the painting?

2.When was the painting made?

3.What is the main idea of the painting?

4.What kind of painting did Zhang learn?

Answers

1.“Enter the city”“Cross the river”“Out of the city”.

2. At Song Dynasty.

3.It is to reflect the acute social problems caused by the inaction of officials in the late Northern Song.

4.Ruler Painting

Terms and expressions

Ruler painting 界画

Riverside Scene at Tomb Sweeping Day 清明上河图

Bianjing 汴京

Kaifeng 开封

Rainbow Bridge 虹桥

East Valiant 东武

All City 诸城

Xuanhe years 宣和年间

the imperial examination 科举考试

horse gang 马帮

Dài Mùyǔ 戴沐雨

I suggest to write my final paper about “mahjong”. ok

Dèng Dān 邓丹

I suggest to write my final paper about"Chinese Round Table Culture". ok

Huánɡ Zǐlónɡ 黄梓龙

I suggest to write my final paper about "Breakfast Culture of Wuhan" ok

Questions

Media:Example.ogg==References==

Dīng Zhòngxià 丁仲夏

I suggest to write my final paper on topic"Shenyang Palace Museum"ok

Dù Xīnyǔ 杜心语 Chinese folk argot

ok

Yāo Yáng 么阳 Chinese Traditional Cultivation Culture

ok