FRI 8:00-9:30 sal. 424 Classical Chinese Poetry and Prose Jezyk chinski klasyczny SIN-m I 30+30, fall 2023, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan

Schedule

课程安排 Schedule

1 Oct 6, 2023 8:00-9:30 424
2 Oct 13 8:00-9:30
-
3 Oct 27 8:00-9:30
-
?4 Nov 10
?5 Nov 17
?6 Nov 24
7 Dec 1 8:00-9:30, 13:15-14:45
8 Dec 8 8:00-9:30, 13:15-14:45
9 Dec 15 8:00-9:30, 13:15-14:45
10 Dec 16 8:00-9:30
11 Jan 12 8:00-9:30
12 Jan 19 8:00-9:30
13 Jan 26 8:00-9:30
14 Feb 2 8:00-9:30
15 Feb 9 Final Paper (homework)

Session 1

Organizational things incl. course goals, competences to achieve and workload
Self introduction (student role)
周佳琪 Katarzyna Gutorow 对亚洲感兴趣
安伊人 Anastasiia Kozenko 想在中国工作，笔译

Course schedule

Prose review and translation exercises:

Textbook with representative Chinese excerpt prose texts from different dynasties

送別友人 Songbie youren, p. 1 Farewell, my friend

Wang Wei, “Song youren”, p. 46
Bai Juyi “Song youren”, p. 28

閒適瀟灑 Xianshi xiaosa, p. 73 Leisurely and Casually

Du Fu "Xianshi xiaosa", p. 82
Li Bai “Xianshi xiaosa”, p. 119

鄉愁情愁 Xiangchou qingchou, p. 141

Du Fu "Xiangchou qingchou", p. 161
Li Shangyin "Xiangchou qingchou", p. 184

歌詠抒懷 Geyong shuhuai, p. 213

Liu Yuxi “Geyong”, p. 218
Meng Jiao “Geyong”, p. 270

邊塞戰爭 Biansai zhanzheng, p. 275

Wang Changling “Chusai”, p. 287
Lu Lun “Chusai”, p. 316

詩人小傳 Poets' biographies

Su Dongpo - ci poetic works
Xin Qiji - ci poetic works

Classical Prose Reading Course: General introduction to classical Chinese language, Prose writing in classical Chinese

Each time introduction, vocabulary, grammar, translation exercises

The Analects
The Book of Rites
The Book of Songs
The Songs of Chu
Poetry of the Tang Dynasty

Literature Reading Course:

Song Poems (ci): Su Dongpo: “Autumn day in Kui Prefecture”
Yuan Drama (Zaju): Guan Hanqing: “The Injustice to Dou E”
Ming novels (Three Kingdoms, Journey to the West, Outlaws of the March, The Scholars)
Qing novels (Cao Xueqin: Red Chamber Dreams)
Late Qing dystopian literature (Liang Qichao: The Future of New China, Kang Youwei: Datong shu)
Republican Literature (Lu Xun, Guo Moruo, Zhou Zuoren, Yu Dafu)
Modern Literature (Underground poets, Wang Meng, Mo Yan)
Contemporary Literature (Han Han, Zhang Wei, Xu Zechen, Han Shaogong)
Web literature (excerpts live on http://qidian.com)
Science Fiction (Liu Cixin: The Three Body Problem, The Wandering Earth)

Classical Chinese 2023 文言文，包括基本的概要 with a general introduction into classical Chinese
Critical Overview of Chinese Literature 2023 例子：蘇東坡之賦

Session 2

For prose texts, we will deal with short excerpts from the Analects and the Book of Rites.

仲尼《論語》 The Analects

概要 introduction

The Analects have not been written by Kungfutse, but similarly to Platon's works were written down by his disciples and followers. Kungfutse mostly became known through the rewriting of probably Mengzi, who called himself "The 2nd greatest philosopher after Kungfutse". Mengzi was not successful in his career, but had to travel a lot to offer his service to different rulers. Therefore, he seem to have invented the travels of Kongfutse. Since the Lunyu was forbidden in Qin Dynasty, the version we have today is based on n Zheng Xuan (127-200) merging three texts. Also, the Lunyu does not consist out of only Confucian thoughts, but are a collection from several sources including those refering to their masters with "子曰". Kungfutse himself was called "仲尼" in his time. Also, main ideas we call "Confucianist" today, like the unity of Zhou, the importance of rites and the filial piety are far older than Confucius. Therefore, we have a pre-Confucian Confucianism. Confucianism is called "儒學" and Neo-Confucianism "新學". One of the main ideas of Confucius is the Golden Rule. Hegel later referred to this as the start of the "Walk of the World Spirit" over the 100 Schools, Buddha, Zaratustra, Ancient Greek Philosophy, Roman Philosophy to German Philosophy.

郭锡良 Guo Xiliang: 古代汉语(下)(修订本): 【《論語》介紹】《論語》是記載孔子言行的書。孔子（公元前551—前479年），名丘，字仲尼，春秋時魯國曲阜（今山東曲阜市）人。他是我國古代一個影響深遠的思想家、教育家，是儒家學派的創始人。他出身於没落的貴族世家，曾短期在魯國做官，又周遊許多諸侯國，想推行自己的政治主張，未被採納，後來致力於教育工作和整理古典文獻，相傳他的弟子有三千多人。孔子思想的主要内容是提倡禮樂和仁義。禮樂是孔子提出的維護社會秩序的規範，仁義是他提倡的立身處世的道德標準。“仁”是這一思想體系的核心。所謂“仁”就是愛人，就是推己及人的同情心。這種道德觀念的提出，表現了對人的重視和對人際關係的新認識。這有緩和矛盾、維護統一的一面，也有同情庶民的一面。它表現在政治上就是“爲政以德”。孔子創立的儒家學説，影響極爲深遠。他公開講學授徒的活動，對我國古代文化教育的發展，有一定促進作用。他通過自己豐富的教學實踐，總結了不少有益的經驗。他在整理和保存我國古代的文獻方面，也作出了巨大的貢獻。

《論語》是研究孔子學説的基本資料，全書的主要内容是孔子在談話中對禮樂、仁義以及其他一些意識形態的説明和解釋。在封建社會的整個歷史時期，《論語》是每個讀書人必讀的經典，影響之大是無與倫比的。

《論語》的最後成書，約在戰國初年，它是由孔子的弟子和再傳弟子編定的。漢代曾流傳魯論、齊論、古論三種不同的本子，我們今天所見到的《論語》二十篇是漢朝人在上述三種本子的基礎上整理而成的。《論語》的注本爲數非常多，影響大的有何晏的《論語集解》，朱熹的《論語集注》，劉寶楠的《論語正義》。今人楊伯峻有《論語譯注》。

The Analects – vocabulary 常用詞

The Analects – grammar 古漢語常識

Punctuation

The Analects - translation exercises

Friends

1.1 https://ctext.org/analects/ 子曰：「...有朋自遠方來，不亦樂乎？ Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? (James Legge) It is not delightful to have friends come from afar?

Golden Rule

12.2 己所不欲，勿施於人。 "Do not do to others what you would not like done to yourself"; "a man with ren, desiring to establish himself, helps others establish themselves; desiring to succeed himself, helps others to succeed" (Analects 12.2; 6.28). "2. Confucius' Social Philosophy". Riegel, Jeffrey (Spring 2012). "Confucius". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2012/entries/confucius/

郭锡良 Guo Xiliang: 古代汉语(下)(修订本): 子路曾晳冉有公西華侍坐①

【説明】這篇對話生動地記敍了孔門四弟子的不同性格、志趣，也表現了孔子的教育目的和教學方法。子路、冉有、公西華都想在政治上表現自己的才能。曾晳的回答似乎與政治無關，有點“淡泊自得”的味道，其實不然，他所描繪的正是“大同社會”的一個縮影，所以深受孔子的贊揚。本篇選自《論語·先進》。

子路、曾晳、冉有、公西華侍坐。子曰：“以吾一日長乎爾，毋吾以也②

。居則曰：‘不吾知也③
！’如或知爾，則何以哉④
？”子路率爾而對曰⑤
：“千乘之國，攝乎大國之間，加之以師旅，因之以饑饉⑥
；由也爲之，比及三年，可使有勇，且知方也⑦
。”夫子哂之⑧
。“求，爾何如？”對曰：“方六七十，如五六十⑨
，求也爲之，比及三年，可使足民⑩
，如其禮樂，以俟君子⑪
。”“赤，爾何如？”對曰：“非曰能之，願學焉⑫
。宗廟之事，如會同⑬
，端章甫⑭
，願爲小相焉⑮
。”“點，爾何如？”鼓瑟希，鏗爾，舍瑟而作⑯
。對曰：“異乎三子者之撰⑰
。”子曰：“何傷乎⑱
？亦各言其志也！”曰：“莫春者，春服既成⑲
，冠者五六人，童子六七人⑳
，浴乎沂，風乎舞雩，詠而歸㉑
。”夫子喟然嘆曰：“吾與點也㉒
。”

注　　釋 ①　子路：姓仲名由，字子路，一字季路。　曾晳：名點，曾參的父親。　冉有：名求，字子有。　公西華：名赤，字子華。公西是複姓。　侍坐：陪着〔孔子〕坐着。　侍：本指侍立於尊者之旁。 ②　因爲我比你們年紀大些，〔人家〕不用我了。　一日：一兩天的意思。作“長”的狀語。　長乎爾：比你們年長。　乎：介詞，表比較。　爾：第二人稱代詞，這裏表複數。　毋吾以：不用我。　吾：作“以”的賓語，在否定句中代詞賓語前置。　以：動詞，用。 ③　居：平居，卽平常。這句的主語是“你們”。　不吾知：不知吾。 ④　或：無定代詞，有人。　何以：怎麽辦。 ⑤　率爾：不假思索的樣子。 ⑥　千乘之國：有一千輛兵車的國家。　乘：一車四馬。　攝：夾。　加：加在上面。　之：代詞，指千乘之國。　師旅：古代軍隊編制的單位。五百人爲一旅，二千五百人爲一師。這裏指大國來侵犯的軍隊。　因：繼，連續。　饑饉：指饑荒。《爾雅·釋天》：“穀不熟爲饑，菜不熟爲饉。” ⑦　比（舊讀bì）及：等到。　方：方向，卽義方，儒家所謂的“義方”，就是“親其上，死其長”之類。 ⑧　哂（shěn）：亦作“吲”，微笑。這裏略帶譏笑的意思。 ⑨　方：見方，卽每邊的長度。　如：或者。這句是指縱横六七十里或五六十里。周制六尺爲步，三百步爲里。周尺約合今20厘米至23厘米，一里約合今0.7里，這裏是約數，并非實指。 ⑩　足民：使民豐足。 ⑪　如其：至於那個。　如：若，至於。有表轉折的作用。　其：代詞，那個。　俟：等待。 ⑫　焉：這裏作指示代詞兼語氣詞。所指代的内容卽下文所説的“小相”這種工作。 ⑬　宗廟：祖廟，諸侯國有宗廟。這裏指祭祀祖先。　會同：古代諸侯朝見天子，如不是按規定的時間去朝見叫做“會”，與衆諸侯一起去朝見叫做“同”，後來兩君相見也叫做“會”。 ⑭　端章甫：都是名詞用作動詞。　端：玄端，一種禮服。　章甫：當時貴族通常戴的一種黑色禮帽。“甫”一作“父”。 ⑮　小相：贊禮的人。卿大夫擔任贊禮工作叫“大相”，士擔任贊禮工作叫“小相”。 ⑯　瑟：絃樂器。瑟身是長方形木質音箱，一般有二十五絃。　希：希疏。這裏指鼓瑟的聲音近於尾聲。　鏗爾：象聲詞，舍瑟的聲音。　作：立起來。 ⑰　撰：才具，才幹。 ⑱　何傷乎：有什麽關係呢？ ⑲　莫春：指三月。也有人懷疑這裏的“莫春”並非夏曆三月，因爲三月的魯國，天氣還頗爲寒冷，不宜於浴，也不宜於“風乎舞雩”。　莫：暮的本字。　春服：指夾衣。 ⑳　冠（guàn）者：古代貴族男性青年，有二十歲行冠禮的制度。所謂“冠者”，卽指二十歲以上的成年人。　童子：尚未成年的孩子，十九歲以下的小青年。㉑　沂（yí）：水名。源出山東鄒縣東北，西流經曲阜與洙水合，入泗水。　風：這裏用作動詞。乘涼。　舞雩（yú）：地名，在曲阜市東南。　雩：本是求雨的祭名，雩祭時，還有舞蹈，故稱舞雩。雩祭的地方築有土壇，周圍種有樹，所以能乘風涼。　詠：歌詠。㉒　喟（kuì）然：嘆息的樣子。　與：動詞，贊同。

三子者出，曾晳後①

。曾晳曰：“夫三子者之言何如②
？”子曰：“亦各言其志也已矣。”曰：“夫子何哂由也？”曰：“爲國以禮，其言不讓③
，是故哂之。”“唯求則非邦也與④
？”“安見方六七十如五六十而非邦也者？”“唯赤則非邦也與？”“宗廟會同，非諸侯而何⑤
？赤也爲之小，孰能爲之大⑥
？”

注　　釋 ①　後：動詞，後出。 ②　夫：指示代詞，那。 ③　讓：禮讓，謙遜。 ④　曾晳還没有明白孔子哂笑子路的原因。他以爲孔子笑子路不能“爲國”，而不懂孔子笑子路是由於子路説話態度不謙虚，如“率爾而對”，又誇説自己能使民“知方”等。所以，曾晳一連兩次發問“唯求……”、“唯赤……”。在曾晳看來，求與赤也表示了要“爲邦”，爲何孔子不笑話他倆呢？難道他倆所講的就不是國家嗎？ ⑤　宗廟會同：意思是有宗廟之事，有會同之事。　非諸侯而何：不是諸侯國是什麽？　諸侯：這裏指國家。卽曾晳所謂的“邦”。 ⑥　赤只能給諸侯擔任小相，誰能給諸侯擔任大相呢？　爲之小，爲之大：都是雙賓語。　之：指諸侯國。　小、大：指小相、大相。季氏將伐顓臾①

《論　語》【説明】顓臾是魯國的國中之國，季氏要吞併它，這是符合當時歷史發展趨勢的。孔子從維護周朝的禮制出發，極力反對，並提出了他的一些治國安邦的主張。“不患寡而患不均，不患貧而患不安”。這在現實社會中雖然只是空談，但是却不無啓發。

季氏將伐顓臾。冉有、季路見於孔子曰②

：“季氏將有事於顓臾③
。”孔子曰：“求！無乃爾是過與④
？夫顓臾，昔者先王以爲東蒙主，且在邦域之中矣⑤
，是社稷之臣也，何以伐爲⑥
？”冉有曰：“夫子欲之⑦
，吾二臣者皆不欲也。”孔子曰：“求！周任有言曰⑧
：‘陳力就列⑨
，不能者止。’危而不持，顛而不扶，則將焉用彼相矣⑩
？且爾言過矣，虎兕出於柙，
玉毀於櫝中⑪
，是誰之過與？”

注　　釋 ①　季氏：“季”本是魯公子友的字，他的後代就以“季”爲氏。這裏的季氏指季康子，名肥。在魯哀公三年當權，二十七年卒。　顓臾（zhuānyú）：據説是太皡氏的後裔，姓風，是魯的附庸國，在今山東費縣附近。 ②　冉有、季路：孔子的學生，當時都任季氏的家臣。　見：謁見。 ③　有事：指軍事行動。古代把祭祀和戰争稱爲“國之大事”。 ④　無乃……與：古漢語中的固定格式，表示一種推測語氣，可譯爲“恐怕……吧”。　爾是過：爾作“過”的賓語，前置。　是：指示代詞，在這裏複指賓語“爾”。　過：責備。用作動詞。全句意思是，恐怕應該責備你吧。 ⑤　先王：先代的國君。　東蒙：山名。卽蒙山。在今山東蒙陰縣南。　主：主管祭祀的人。　邦域之中：指在魯國國境之内。 ⑥　社稷之臣：國家的臣屬。　何以……爲：古漢語中的固定格式，表示反問語氣，可譯爲“爲什麽要……呢”。 ⑦　夫子：指季康子。春秋時，對長者、老師以及大夫等都可以尊稱爲夫子。 ⑧　周任：古代的一位史官。 ⑨　陳力就列：〔能〕施展出才能，〔就去〕擔任職務。　陳：陳列，這裏是施展的意思。　就：動詞。走向。這裏是擔任的意思。　列：位，職務。 ⑩　這三句是比喻的説法。大意是，〔瞎子〕遇到了危險卻不去攙扶，將要跌倒卻不去扶住，那何必要用那個攙扶的人呢！　相：攙扶盲人走路的人。 ⑪　過：錯誤。　兕（sì）：獨角犀牛。　柙（xiá）：關猛獸的木籠子。　

：指
甲，用來占卜吉凶。　玉：寶玉，用於祭祀。　櫝（dú）：匣子。

冉有曰：“今夫顓臾，固而近於費①

。今不取，後世必爲子孫憂。”孔子曰：“求！君子疾夫舍曰‘欲之’而必爲之辭②
。丘也聞有國有家者③
，不患寡而患不均，不患貧而患不安④
。蓋均無貧，和無寡，安無傾⑤
。夫如是，故遠人不服，則修文德以來之；既來之，則安之⑥
。今由與求也，相夫子⑦
，遠人不服，而不能來也；邦分崩離析，而不能守也；而謀動干戈於邦内。吾恐季孫之憂，不在顓臾，而在蕭牆之内也⑧
。”

注　　釋 ①　今夫：句首語氣詞，表示要發議論。　固：指城牆堅固。　費（舊讀bì）：僖公元年，魯君賜給季友汶陽之田及費，於是費成爲季氏世代的采邑。其地在今山東費（fèi）縣。 ②　疾：討厭。　夫：指示代詞，那個。　舍曰：迴避説。　欲之：想要那樣。　爲之辭：給它找個借口。之、辭作“爲”的雙賓語。　之：指伐顓臾。　辭：這裏是託辭、理由、借口的意思。 ③　有國有家者：指諸侯〔國〕和大夫〔家〕。 ④　這兩句文字互誤。俞樾《古書疑義舉例》卷六：“按：寡、貧二字，傳寫互易，此本作‘不患貧而患不均，不患寡而患不安’。‘貧’以財言，‘不均’亦以財言。不均則不如無財矣，故‘不患貧而患不均’也。‘寡’以人言，‘不安’亦以人言？不安則不如無人矣，故‘不患寡而患不安’也。《春秋繁露·度制篇》引孔子曰：‘不患貧而患不均’，可據以訂正。” ⑤　蓋：副詞，表委婉地論斷原因。　傾：傾覆。 ⑥　遠人：遠方的人。這裏指本國以外的人。　文德：指禮樂之類的德政教化。　來之：使之來。　來：不及物動詞，用作使動。　安之：使之安。　之：三個之字都是指遠人。 ⑦　也：句中語氣詞，表停頓。　相：輔佐。 ⑧　蕭牆之内：指魯國宫廷内部。魯哀公當時與專權的季孫氏之間存在很深的矛盾，所以孔子認爲季孫的憂患不在顓臾，而在於魯君。　蕭牆：國君宫門内的照壁。子　路　從　而　後《論　語》【説明】這一章反映了隱者鄙棄孔子周遊列國、汲汲於仕進的行爲；而子路則用儒家的政治思想、倫理觀念來反批評隱者潔身自好的出世思想。本章選自《論語·微子》。

子路從而後，遇丈人，以杖荷蓧①

。子路問曰：“子見夫子乎？”丈人曰：“四體不勤，五穀不分②
，孰爲夫子！”植其杖而芸③
。子路拱而立④
。止子路宿，殺雞爲黍而食之⑤
，見其二子焉⑥
。

注　　釋 ①　從：跟隨。　後：動詞，落在後面。　丈人：老者。　蓧（diào）：除草用的農具。 ②　勤：辛勤，勤勞。　五穀：古代五種主要糧食作物。説法不一，一説指稻、菽、麥、稷、黍，另一説有麻無稻。 ③　植其杖：把他的拐杖插在地上。　芸：通“耘”，除草。 ④　拱：拱手，表示敬意。 ⑤　止：留。　爲黍：做黄米飯。　黍：黄米。　食（sì）之：給子路吃。食：及物動詞用作使動。 ⑥　見（xiàn）其二子：使他的兩個兒子拜見（子路）。　見：用作使動。

明日，子路行，以告①

。子曰：“隱者也。”使子路反見之②
。至則行矣③
。子路曰：“不仕無義④
。長幼之節，不可廢也⑤
；君臣之義，如之何其廢之⑥
？欲潔其身，而亂大倫⑦
。君子之仕也，行其義也⑧
。道之不行，已知之矣⑨
。”

注　　釋 ①　以告：“以之告”的省略。意思是把這件事告訴孔子。 ②　反：返回。 ③　到了（丈人家時），而丈人已經走出去了。 ④　不仕無義：不作官是不合宜的。　義：指合宜的道理。 ⑤　長幼之間的禮節，是不能廢棄的。子路的意思是，荷蓧丈人“見其二子”，是没有廢棄長幼之節。 ⑥　君臣之間的關係，又因爲什麽原故而廢棄呢？這裏所説的“君臣之義”，是指應當出去作官，以盡人臣之義，而不應該當“隱者”。　如之何：固定結構。這裏是詢問原因。　其：句中語氣詞，加强反問語氣。 ⑦　潔其身：使其身潔。　亂：這裏是破壞、廢棄的意思。　大倫：指君臣之間的倫常關係。 ⑧　君子之仕也：主謂結構之間插入“之”字，變成名詞性詞組，作主語。也：句中語氣詞，表停頓。　行其義：做他應該做的事。 ⑨　道：這裏指儒家的政治理想、原則。　之：兩“之”字詞性不同，前者是連詞，將主謂結構變成名詞性詞組。後者是指示代詞，指“道不行”這件事。

The Book of Rites – introduction 概要

《禮記》

The Book of Rites – vocabulary 常用詞
The Book of Rites – grammar
The Book of Rites - translation exercises

〈禮連〉"大同與小康" (2500 BCE)

the society in Great Unity was ruled by the public, where the people chose men of virtue and ability, and valued trust and harmony. People did not only love their own parents and children, but also secured the living of the elderly until their ends, let the adults be of use to the society, and helped the young grow. Those who were widowed, orphaned, childless, handicapped and diseased were all taken care of. Men took their responsibilities and women had their homes. People disliked seeing resources being wasted but did not seek to possess them; they wanted to exert their strength but did not do it for their own benefit. Therefore, selfish thoughts were dismissed, people refrained from stealing and robbery, and the outer doors remained open.

Source: Datong (great unity) concept in: Liji (Book of Rites), chapter "Lǐyùn" (禮運), paragraph 1, full text: http://ctext.org/liji/li-yun.

Compare with: Gilgamesh (2600 BCE) He finished twelve miles, and it got bright. Before him lay a shark of the gods. When he saw him, he went towards him. Rubies he wears as fruit, hanging with vines to look beautifully. Lapislazuli are his branches, he bears fruits worth seeing. Gilgamesh stopped one in his walk and raised his eyes to that shark of the gods.

From: The Gilgamesh Epos: The oldest traditional myth in history. MarixVerlag, 2011, p. 74 (end of Table IX).

Session 3

Session 4

Session 5

Session 6

Session 7

Session 8

Session 9

Syllabus

Język chiński klasyczny - proza

Educational subject description sheet

Basic information

Field of study

Sinologia

Speciality

-

Department

Faculty of Modern Languages and Literatures

Study level

First-cycle programme

Study form

Full-time

Education proﬁle

General academic

Didactic cycle

2023/24

Subject code

09SNLS.130K.03181.23

Lecture languages

Chinese

Mandatory

Elective

Block

Major subjects

Subject coordinator

Hsiu-Ting Yu

Lecturer

Hsiu-Ting Yu

Period

Semester 5

Activities and hours

• Conversatory classes: 30, Graded credit

Number of

ECTS points

Period

Semester 6

Activities and hours

• Conversatory classes: 30, Exam

Number of

ECTS points

3
<img src="jezyk-chinski-klasyczny-proza-09snls-130k-03181-23/Image_004.png" width="682" height="1">

1 / 5

Goals

Code	Goal
G1	To familiarize the student with basic grammatical structures and lexis of classical Chinese.
G2	To familiarize the student with selected prose works written in classical Chinese.
G3	To prepare the student to interpret and analyze prose works in classical Chinese.
G4	To familiarize the student with the diﬀerences between classical and modern Chinese

Entry requirements

The students have the ability to communicate in Chinese at the B1 level.

Subject's learning outcomes

Code	Outcomes in terms of	Learning outcomes	Examination methods
Knowledge – Student:
W1	understand the grammatical diﬀerences between classical and modern Chinese	SNL_K1_W02, SNL_K1_W05, SNL_K1_W07	Written exam, Written translations of prose works
W2	know the cultural, philosophical and social context of the discussed works	SNL_K1_W05	Written exam, Written translations of prose works
Skills – Student:
U1	know the basic vocabulary of classical Chinese	SNL_K1_U07	Written exam, Written translations of prose works
U2	understand the meaning of prose texts written in classical Chinese	SNL_K1_U07	Written exam, Written translations of prose works
U3	read texts written in traditional (non-simpliﬁed) Chinese characters	SNL_K1_U07	Written exam, Written translations of prose works
U4	translate prose works written in classical Chinese into modern Chinese and Polish	SNL_K1_U07, SNL_K1_U10	Written exam, Written translations of prose works

Study content

No.	Course content	Subject's learning outcomes	Activities
1.	Introduction to Classical Chinese	W1, U1	Conversatory classes
2.	Prose works in classical Chinese - introduction	W2, U1	Conversatory classes
3.	Prose review and translation exercises: 《tiě chǔ chéng zhēn》	W2	Conversatory classes

2 / 5

4.	Prose review and translation exercises: 《zìxiāng- máodùn》	U1, U2, U3	Conversatory classes
5.	Prose review and translation exercises: 《shǒuzhū- dàitù》	W1	Conversatory classes
6.	Prose review and translation exercises: 《duō duō yì shàn》	U1, U2, U3, U4	Conversatory classes
7.	Prose review and translation exercises: 《jiào xué xiāng zhǎng》	W2	Conversatory classes
8.	Prose review and translation exercises: 《zhīyīn》	U1, U2, U3, U4	Conversatory classes
9.	Prose review and translation exercises: 《zhuān xīn zhì zhì》	U1, U2, U3, U4	Conversatory classes

Course advanced

Semester 5

Activities	Teaching and learning methods and activities
Conversatory classes	Lecture with a multimedia presentation of selected issues, Conversation lecture, Work with text, Classes method, Translation exercises

Activities

Credit conditions

Conversatory classes

1. Students should attend all course meetings, medical reasons of absence are honored. Students are NOT allowed to attend ﬁnal test and will fail the course if there are absences more than 3 times without doctor’s note.

2. Students have to turn homework in on time. The students will fail the course if they do not turn in on time 3 times.

3. Students must fulﬁll the assignments, which involve written translations of Chinese prose.

Semester 6

Activities	Teaching and learning methods and activities
Conversatory classes	Lecture with a multimedia presentation of selected issues, Conversation lecture, Work with text, Classes method, Translation exercises

Activities

Credit conditions

Conversatory classes

1. Students should attend all course meetings, medical reasons of absence are honored. Students are NOT allowed to attend ﬁnal exam and will fail the course if there are absences more than 3 times without doctor’s note.

2. Students have to turn homework in on time. The students will fail the course if they do not turn in on time 3 times.

3. Students must pass the ﬁnal exam.

3 / 5

Literature

Obligatory

1. LI LuXing 李禄兴(ed.) 2008 Jingyonggudaihanyu今用古代汉语 Beijing北京: 北京語言大學出版社 Beijingyuyandaxue publisher

Optional

1. Materials provided by the teacher

Calculation of ECTS points

Semester 5

Activity form	Activity hours*
Conversatory classes	30
Preparation for classes	5
Reading the indicated literature	10
Other	5
Preparation for the assessment	10

Student workload	Hours 60
Number of ECTS points	ECTS 2

* hour means 45 minutes

Semester 6

以后：Syllabus of Wenyan wen PROSE

SYLLABUS – A COURSE DESCRIPTION

I. General information

Course name: Classical Chinese – poetry

Course code:

Course type (compulsory or optional): optional

Study programme name: Chinese studies

Cycle of studies (1st or 2nd cycle of studies or full master’s programme): 1st cycle

Educational profile (general academic profile or practical profile): general academic

Year of studies (if relevant): Year 3

Type of classes and number of contact hours (e.g. lectures: 15 hours; practical classes: 30 hours): 60 h K (30+30)

Number of ECTS credits: 5 (2+3)

Name, surname, academic degree/title of the course lecturer/other teaching staff:

Language of classes: Chinese

Online learning – yes (partly – online / fully – online) / no: no

II. Detailed information

1. Course aim (aims):

Familiarizing the student with the basic grammatical structures and lexis of classical Chinese.
Familiarizing the student with selected poems written in classical Chinese.
Preparing the student to interpret and analyze poetic works in classical Chinese.
Familiarizing the student with the differences between classical and modern Chinese

2. Pre-requisites in terms of knowledge, skills and social competences (if relevant):

• The student should have the ability to communicate in Chinese at the B1 level

3. Course learning outcomes (EU) in terms of knowledge, skills and social competences and their reference to study programme learning outcomes (EK):

Course learning outcome symbol (EU) On successful completion of this course, a student will be able to: Reference to study programme learning outcomes (EK)

JCKPOE_01 know the most important poets of the Tang and Song dynasties and characterize their poetry; K_W05, K_U02

JCKPOE_02 understand the meaning of poetic texts written in classical Chinese; K_U07

JCKPOE_03 read texts written in traditional (non-simplified) Chinese characters; K_U07

JCKPOE_04 understand the grammatical differences between classical and modern Chinese; K_W02, K_W05

K_W07, K_U04

JCKPOE_05 know the cultural and philosophical context of the discussed works;

K_W05

JCKPOE_06 translate poetry written in classical Chinese into modern Chinese and Polish. K_U07, K_U10

4. Learning content with reference to course learning outcomes (EU)

Course learning content: Course learning outcome symbol (EU)

Introduction to Classical Chinese. JCKPOE_04

Characteristics of Tang Dynasty Poetry. JCKPOE_01, JCKPOE_05

Characteristics of Song Dynasty Poetry. JCKPOE_01, JCKPOE_05

Poetry review and translation exercises: Wang Wei, “Song youren”. JCKPOE_02, JCKPOE_03

JCKPOE_06

Poetry review and translation exercises: Bai Juyi “Song youren”. JCKPOE_02, JCKPOE_03 JCKPOE_06

Poetry review and translation exercises: Du Fu "Xianshi xiaosa". JCKPOE_02, JCKPOE_03 JCKPOE_06

Poetry review and translation exercises: Li Bai “Xianshi xiaosa”. JCKPOE_02, JCKPOE_03 JCKPOE_06

Poetry review and translation exercises: Du Fu "Xiangchou qingchou". JCKPOE_02, JCKPOE_03 JCKPOE_06

Poetry review and translation exercises: Wang Shangyin "Xiangchou qingchou". JCKPOE_02, JCKPOE_03 JCKPOE_06

Poetry review and translation exercises: Liu Yuxi “Geyong”. JCKPOE_02, JCKPOE_03 JCKPOE_06

Poetry review and translation exercises: Meng Jiao “Geyong”. JCKPOE_02, JCKPOE_03 JCKPOE_06

Poetry review and translation exercises: Wang Changling “Chusai”. JCKPOE_02, JCKPOE_03 JCKPOE_06

Poetry review and translation exercises: Lu Lun “Chusai”. JCKPOE_02, JCKPOE_03 JCKPOE_06

Poetry review and translation exercises: Su Dongpo - ci poetic works. JCKPOE_02, JCKPOE_03 JCKPOE_06

Poetry review and translation exercises: Xin Qiji - ci poetic works. JCKPOE_02, JCKPOE_03 JCKPOE_06

5. Reading list:

‒ Huayu shici shangxi

‒ Materials provided by the teacher

III. Additional information

1. Teaching and learning methods and activities to enable students to achieve the intended course learning outcomes (please indicate the appropriate methods and activities with a tick and/or suggest different methods)

Teaching and learning methods and activities X

Lecture with a multimedia presentation X

Interactive lecture

Problem – based lecture

Discussions

Text-based work X

Case study work

Problem-based learning

Educational simulation/game

Task – solving learning (eg. calculation, artistic, practical tasks)

Experiential work X

Laboratory work

Scientific inquiry method

Workshop method

Project work

Demonstration and observation

Sound and/or video demonstration

Creative methods (eg. brainstorming, SWOT analysis, decision tree method, snowball technique, concept maps)

Group work

Other (please specify) – translation exercises X

…

2. Assessment methods to test if learning outcomes have been achieved (please indicate with a tick the appropriate methods for each LO and/or suggest different methods)

Assessment methods Course learning outcome symbol

JCKPOE_01 JCKPOE_02 JCKPOE_03 JCKPOE_04 JCKPOE_05 JCKPOE_06

Written exam X X X X X X

Oral exam

Open book exam

Written test

Oral test

Multiple choice test

Project

Essay

Report

Individual presentation

Practical exam (performance observation)

Portfolio

Other (please specify) - written translations of poetic works X X X X

…

3. Student workload and ECTS credits

Activity types Mean number of hours spent on each activity type

Contact hours with the teacher as specified in the study programme 60

Independent study* Preparation for classes 15

Reading for classes 15

Essay / report / presentation / demonstration preparation, etc.

Project preparation

Term paper preparation

Exam preparation 20

Other (please specify) - 40

…

Total hours 150

Total ECTS credits for the course 5

please indicate the appropriate activity types and/or suggest different activities

4. Assessment criteria in accordance with AMU in Poznan’s grading system: very good (bdb; 5.0): very good knowledge of poetry of the Tang and Song dynasties, very good knowledge of cultural and philosophical contexts, very good ability to understand and translate texts written in classical Chinese, very good knowledge of the differences between classical and modern Chinese no problems with reading texts written in traditional characters;

good plus (+db; 4.5): as above, with few shortcomings;

good (db; 4.0): a wider range of shortcomings possible, good ability to understand and translate texts written in classical Chinese, good knowledge of the differences between classical and modern Chinese, occasional problems in reading texts written in traditional characters;

satisfactory plus (+dst; 3.5): satisfactory knowledge of poetry of the Tang and Song dynasties, poor knowledge of cultural and philosophical contexts, satisfactory ability to understand and translate texts written in classical Chinese, satisfactory knowledge of the differences between classical and modern Chinese;

satisfactory (dst; 3.0): satisfactory knowledge of poetry of the Tang and Song dynasties, poor knowledge of cultural and philosophical contexts, poor ability to understand and translate texts written in classical Chinese, poor knowledge of the differences between classical and modern Chinese;

unsatisfactory (ndst; 2.0): unsatisfactory knowledge of Tang and Song dynasty poetry, unfamiliarity with cultural and philosophical contexts, unsatisfactory ability to understand and translate texts written in classical Chinese, lack of knowledge of the differences between classical and modern Chinese.

SYLLABUS – A COURSE DESCRIPTION

I. General information

13. Course name: Classical Chinese – prose

14. Course code:

15. Course type (compulsory or optional): optional

16. Study programme name: Chinese studies

17. Cycle of studies (1st or 2nd cycle of studies or full master’s programme): 1st cycle

18. Educational profile (general academic profile or practical profile): general academic

19. Year of studies (if relevant): Year 3

20. Type of classes and number of contact hours (e.g. lectures: 15 hours; practical classes: 30 hours): 60 h K (30+30)

21. Number of ECTS credits: 5 (2+3)

22. Name, surname, academic degree/title of the course lecturer/other teaching staff:

23. Language of classes: Chinese

24. Online learning – yes (partly – online / fully – online) / no: no

II. Detailed information

1. Course aim (aims):

Familiarizing the student with basic grammatical structures and lexis of classical Chinese.
Familiarizing the student with selected prose works written in classical Chinese.
Preparing the student to interpret and analyze prose works in classical Chinese.
Familiarizing the student with the differences between classical and modern Chinese

2. Pre-requisites in terms of knowledge, skills and social competences (if relevant):

The student should have the ability to communicate in Chinese at the B1 level

3. Course learning outcomes (EU) in terms of knowledge, skills and social competences and their reference to study programme learning outcomes (EK):

Course learning outcome symbol (EU) On successful completion of this course, a student will be able to: Reference to study programme learning outcomes (EK)

JCKPRO_01 know the basic vocabulary of classical Chinese; K_U07¬

JCKPRO_02 understand the meaning of prose texts written in classical Chinese; K_U07

JCKPRO_03 read texts written in traditional (non-simplified) Chinese characters; K_U07

JCKPRO_04 understand the grammatical differences between classical and modern Chinese; K_W02, K_W05 K_W07, K_U04

JCKPRO_05 know the cultural, philosophical and social context of the discussed works; K_W05

JCKPRO_06 translate prose works written in classical Chinese into modern Chinese and Polish. K_U07, K_U10

4. Learning content with reference to course learning outcomes (EU)

Course learning content: Course learning outcome symbol (EU)

Introduction to Classical Chinese. JCKPRO_01, JCKPRO_04

Prose works in classical Chinese - introduction. JCKPRO_01, JCKPRO_05

The Analects - introduction. JCKPRO_05

The Analects - vocabulary. JCKPRO_01, JCKPRO_02 JCKPRO_03

The Analects - grammar. JCKPRO_44

The Analects - translation exercises. JCKPRO_01, JCKPRO_02 JCKPRO_03, JCKPRO_06

The Book of Rites - Introduction. JCKPRO_05

The book of Rites - vocabulary. JCKPRO_01, JCKPRO_02 JCKPRO_03, JCKPRO_06

The book of Rites - grammar. JCKPRO_04

The Book of Rites - translation exercises. JCKPRO_01, JCKPRO_02 JCKPRO_03, JCKPRO_06

5. Reading list:

Gudai Hanyu
Materials provided by the teacher

III. Additional information

1. Teaching and learning methods and activities to enable students to achieve the intended course learning outcomes (please indicate the appropriate methods and activities with a tick and/or suggest different methods)

Teaching and learning methods and activities X

Lecture with a multimedia presentation

Interactive lecture X

Problem – based lecture

Discussions

Text-based work X

Case study work

Problem-based learning

Educational simulation/game

Task – solving learning (eg. calculation, artistic, practical tasks)

Experiential work X

Laboratory work

Scientific inquiry method

Workshop method

Project work

Demonstration and observation

Sound and/or video demonstration

Creative methods (eg. brainstorming, SWOT analysis, decision tree method, snowball technique, concept maps)

Group work

Other (please specify) – translation exercises X

…

2. Assessment methods to test if learning outcomes have been achieved (please indicate with a tick the appropriate methods for each LO and/or suggest different methods)

Assessment methods Course learning outcome symbol

JCKPRO_01 JCK PRO _02 JCK PRO _03 JCK PRO _04 JCK PRO _05 JCK PRO _06

Written exam X X X X X X

Oral exam

Open book exam

Written test

Oral test

Multiple choice test

Project

Essay

Report

Individual presentation

Practical exam (performance observation)

Portfolio

Other (please specify) - written translations of prose works X X X X

…

3. Student workload and ECTS credits

Activity types Mean number of hours spent on each activity type

Contact hours with the teacher as specified in the study programme 60

Independent study* Preparation for classes 15

Reading for classes 15

Essay / report / presentation / demonstration preparation, etc.

Project preparation

Term paper preparation

Exam preparation 20

Other (please specify) - 40

…

Total hours 150

Total ECTS credits for the course 5

please indicate the appropriate activity types and/or suggest different activities

4. Assessment criteria in accordance with AMU in Poznan’s grading system:

very good (bdb; 5.0): very good knowledge of classical Chinese vocabulary in the context of prose works, very good knowledge of cultural, philosophical and social contexts, very good ability to understand and translate texts written in classical Chinese, very good knowledge of the differences between classical and contemporary Chinese, no problems in reading texts written in traditional characters;

good plus (+db; 4.5): as above, with few shortcomings;

good (db; 4.0): a wider range of shortcomings possible, good ability to understand and translate texts written in classical Chinese, good knowledge of the differences between classical and modern Chinese, occasional problems in reading texts written in traditional characters;

satisfactory plus (+dst; 3.5): satisfactory knowledge of classical Chinese vocabulary in the context of prose works, poor knowledge of cultural, philosophical and social contexts, satisfactory ability to understand and translate texts written in classical Chinese, satisfactory knowledge of the differences between classical and modern Chinese language;

satisfactory (dst; 3.0): satisfactory knowledge of classical Chinese vocabulary in the context of prose works, poor knowledge of cultural, philosophical and social contexts, poor ability to understand and translate texts written in classical Chinese, poor knowledge of the differences between classical and modern Chinese ;

unsatisfactory (ndst; 2.0): unsatisfactory knowledge of classical Chinese vocabulary in the context of prose works, unfamiliarity with cultural, philosophical and social contexts, unsatisfactory ability to understand and translate texts written in classical Chinese, lack of knowledge of the differences between classical and modern Chinese.

Other Syllabi

下学年您的课目教学大纲链接，请查收：

硕士研究生一年级：

文言文诗词： Classical Chinese Prose and Poetry https://sylabus.amu.edu.pl/en/document/18aa241a-0d6b-4966-8d6e-5e5aa599d719.pdf

中国文化：https://sylabus.amu.edu.pl/en/document/8c588648-9c3d-48f9-87d8-7777bed4781f.pdf

中国文学述评：https://sylabus.amu.edu.pl/en/document/810faf2a-c2f4-4fa8-8e75-c14d7781b458.pdf

硕士研究生二年级：

写作：https://sylabus.amu.edu.pl/en/document/3c4886f7-b261-4886-b1f3-df1d7b5ab5ba.pdf

以后：

文言文：https://sylabus.amu.edu.pl/en/document/4727fbe0-4ef6-4aed-9212-2aa66c64e08f.pdf

Activity form	Activity hours*
Conversatory classes	30
Preparation for classes	10
Reading the indicated literature	10
Preparation for the exam	30
Other	10

Student workload	Hours 90
Number of ECTS points	ECTS 3

Classical Chinese Poetry and Prose

Schedule

课程安排 Schedule

Session 1

Session 2

仲尼《論語》 The Analects

概要 introduction

The Analects – vocabulary 常用詞

The Analects – grammar 古漢語常識

The Analects - translation exercises

Friends

Golden Rule

郭锡良 Guo Xiliang: 古代汉语(下)(修订本): 子路曾晳冉有公西華侍坐①

The Book of Rites – introduction 概要

Session 3

Session 4

Session 5

Session 6

Session 7

Session 8

Session 9

Syllabus

Basic information

Period

Activities and hours

Number of

ECTS points

Period

Activities and hours

Number of

ECTS points

Goals

Entry requirements

Subject's learning outcomes

Study content

Course advanced

Semester 5

Semester 6

Literature

Obligatory

Optional

Calculation of ECTS points

Semester 5

Semester 6

以后：Syllabus of Wenyan wen PROSE

Other Syllabi

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