20201215 cultexam

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Final Exam Paper. Please write now and improve until grading on 2020 12 15

Tan Yuanyuan 谭媛媛

颜真卿，唐代杰出的书法家。颜真卿对后世书法艺术的发展产生了深远影响，唐以后很多名家，都从颜真卿变法成功中汲取经验。

Yan Zhenqing, an outstanding calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. Yan had a profound impact on the development of calligraphy art in later generations. After the Tang Dynasty, many famous artists learned from Yan Zhenqing's successful reforms on the style of regular script.

汉字，首先是一种文化，对于一个民族来说，文字更是一种凝聚力。因为每一个汉字都积淀着中华民族几千年的睿智与精髓，更凝聚着一种民族精神。

Chinese characters are, above all, a kind of culture. And for a nation, characters shows a kind of cohesion. Because every Chinese character is the accumulation of the wisdom and essence of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, and it also embodies a national spirit.

书法，是国粹，书法在汉字形成至今，见证了中国人文历史的变迁，那些过往的伟大书法家比如王羲之、褚遂良、颜真卿等都是我们学习的楷模。

Calligraphy is the quintessence of the country and it has witnessed the changes in Chinese culture and history since the formation of the Chinese characters. The great calligraphers in the past, such as Wang Xizhi in Jin Dynasty, Chu Suiliang and Yan Zhenqing in Tang Dynasty, are all models of our learning.--Tan Yuanyuan (talk) 22:37, 3 October 2020 (UTC)

Yang Hui 阳慧

中国古代文化，其实就是汉字的发展史，就是汉字的发展、繁荣和应用的过程，我们应该认识到，汉 字文化是中国古代文化流传下来的不可多得的一份遗产。

Ancient Chinese culture is actually the development history of Chinese characters and the development, prosperity and application process of Chinese characters. We should realize that Chinese character culture is a rare heritage handed down from ancient Chinese culture.

书法是汉民族特有的文字书写艺术，虽然书法艺术的自觉化至东汉末才发生，但书法艺术当于汉字的.萌生同时。

Calligraphy is the unique writing art of the Han nationality, although the self-consciousness of the calligraphy art did not take place until the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, but the calligraphy art when the emergence of Chinese characters at the same time.

目前发现的于原始汉字有关的资料,为学术界公认的中国最早的古汉字资料，是商的甲骨文和金文。

At present, the information about the original Chinese characters is the earliest ancient Chinese characters in China, which is recognized by the academic circles.--YangHui (talk) 02:10, 4 October 2020 (UTC)

Zhou Yiwen 周艺文

1.湘绣的艺术特色，主要表现为形象生动、逼真，质感强烈，它是以画稿为蓝本，“以针代笔”，“以线晕色”，在刻意追求画稿原貌的基础上，进行艺术再创造。故其独特技艺，尽在“施针用线”之中。

As for artistic characteristics, Xiang embroidery is famaous for its vivid images and rich texture. Based on drawings, it tries to show the vivid images of the original drawings and futher recreate artistically. Therefore the unique skill of Xiangxiu is in the thread and stitches.

2.北京是中国景泰蓝的发祥地，也是最为重要的产地。北京景泰蓝以典雅雄浑的造型、繁富的纹样、清丽庄重的色彩著称，给人以圆润坚实、细腻工整、金碧辉煌、繁花似锦的艺术感受，成为驰名世界的传统手工艺品。景泰蓝工艺的艺术特点可用形、纹、色、光四字来概括。

Beijing is the birthplace of China's cloisonne and the most important place of production. Beijing cloisonne is famous for its elegant and majestic shapes, rich patterns, and dignified colors. It impresses people with its strong artistic characteristics of mellowness, durableness, delicateness, neatness, and splendidness and has become a world-renowned traditional handicraft.

3.传统的扬州漆器，是在精致髹漆的基础上，选用翡翠、玛瑙、珊瑚、碧玉、白玉、象牙、紫檀、云母、夜光螺及金银等800种名贵材料制作而成。

Traditional Yangzhou lacquerware is made from 800 kinds of precious materials such as jade, agate, coral, jasper, white jade, ivory, red sandalwood, mica, luminous snail, gold and silver based on exquisite lacquer coating.

4.在艺术手法上，东阳木雕以层次高、远、平面分散来处理透视关系，并以中国传统绘画的散点透视或鸟瞰式透视为构图特点，在一定的平面和空间范围内所表现出来的内容要比西方古典浮雕更为丰富。

In terms of artistic techniques, Dongyang woodcarving handles the perspective relation by using space gradations, high or far, and scattered planes and composites by using the scattered perspective or bird's-eye perspective of traditional Chinese paintings. Thus its content expressed within a certain plane and space is richer than Western classical relief.--Zhou Yiwen (talk) 12:39, 10 October 2020 (UTC)