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1 卫怡雯(A Comparison Between the Quality of Machine Translation and Human Translation——A Case Study of the Application of artificial intelligence in Sports Events) Machine_Trans_EN_1

Abstract

With deeper globalization, international sports competitions become more frequently. Translation plays an important role in sports communication. Nowadays, machine translation has been widely applied in many fields because of the rapid development of artificial intelligence. This essay will expound the current situation of the application of machine translation in sports events and the future of it as well as make a comparison with human translation.

Key words

Machine Translation; Human Translation; International Sports Events；Artificial Intelligence

题目

论机器翻译与人工翻译的质量对比——以人工智能在体育赛事领域的应用为例

摘要

随着全球化的推进，世界的交流增多，国际体育比赛也日渐频繁。语言翻译是体育比赛时重要的沟通工具。随着人工智能的快速发展，机器翻译已经广泛应用于许多领域。本文将探讨机器翻译在体育比赛中的应用现状与未来的发展前景，并将其与人工翻译进行对比。

关键词

机器翻译；人工翻译；国际体育赛事；人工智能

1. Introduction

With the speeding of globalization, not only does economy develop, but China has participated in more and more international sports competitions in order to build a leading sports nation. In the chapter 11 of Genesis of the Bible, it was recorded that men united to build the Tower of Babel with the purpose of reaching heaven. In order to stop the humans' plan, God determined the human beings to speak different languages, so that they could not communicate with each other any longer. The humans' plan finally failed because of the newly created language barrier. Therefore, language communication and translation exert an enormous influence on exchange. The level of language service not only shows the capability of a country to host events, but also a way to show cultural soft power (Liu Yuanyuan 2016).

Since artificial intelligence has developed so fast, whether machine translation will replace human translation one day has been a heated debate for several years. Machine translation has been applied in Tokyo Olympic Games and other individual events, such as football and tennis. It will also be applied in Beijing Winter Olympic Games and Hangzhou Asian Games in the coming year. Though it effectively solves the shortage of translators, there are still many problems existing.

2.The Current Situation of Machine Translation in Sports

Machine translation means to process a natural language by artificial intelligence. Since 1949, the 'father' of machine translation Warren Weaver put forward the concept, that there were three periods in the development of machine translation. The first was rule-based machine translation. Linguists believed that there could be rules to follow in a language, so they summarized the rules of different natural languages and used computers to transfer them. (Wang Jianhua 2020:51)

The second period was statistical machine translation. It is a data-driven approach by establishing of probability model to calculate the translation And nowadays, neural machine translation has been applied in machine translation since 2014. It adopted the continuous space representation to represent words, phrases and sentences. In translation model, it doesn’t need word alignment, phrase extraction, phrase probability calculation and other statistical machine translation processing steps, instead, it only convert source language to target language by neutral network.

One of the traits of sports translation is real-time. Lagging message is invaluable. Simultaneous interpretation of sports commentators is the most common way in the race. Translators need to bring the first-hand information to the athletes, coaches, referee and audience. Athletes and coach need to adjust strategies to win the game after getting the indication of referee. Audience can feel immerged in the intense situation and experience the nervous atmosphere. Second, sports translators should equip with many professional knowledge. Another trait is that sports translation involves in many languages. Sports players from all over the world will attend the competition. But nowadays, the translation is limit on English. Above all, the requirements of sports translators are strict. Therefore, in current time, the demand and supply of sports translation talents are unbalanced. There is in badly-need of sports translators in both quantity and quality. It is necessary to introduce the machine translation to it in order to alleviate talent shortage.

3.The Comparison of Machine Translation and Human Translation

The advantage of machine translation is: First, during the pandemic period, it can reduce the human contact face to face, keep distance from each other and guarantee the athletes, staff and volunteers health. Second, it can be more effective without the epidemic prevention procedures However, the application of machine translation in sports field still exist problems. Though machine translation has greatly improved in the fluency of sentence, which exerts little influence on daily communication, the combination of linguistics with machine translation is essential, particularly in specialized professional fields such as sports. In the process of sports translation, we will come across many professional sports terms, which is completely different from the daily meaning.