Lu Xun Complete Works/zh-en/Fuqin de bing

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中文 (Original)	English (Translation)
= 父亲的病 — Father's Illness =	= Father's Illness = 父亲的病 (Father's Illness)
Part of the Lu Xun's Complete Works translation project.	von Lu Xun (鲁迅, 1881-1936)
== Chinese Original Text (中文原文) ==	Uebersetzt aus dem Chinesischen.
Total: 3,122 characters in 1 section(s).	----
=== Section 1 ===	== Section 1 ==
大約十多年前罷，Ｓ城影射紹興中曾經盛傳過一個名醫的故事：他出診原來是一元四角，「特拔」緊急出診十元，深夜加倍，出城又加倍。有一夜，一家城外人家的閨女生急病，來請他了，因為他，其時，已經闊得不耐煩，便非一百元不去。他們只得都依他。待去時，卻只是草草地一看，說道：「不要緊的。」開一張方，拿了一百元就走。那病家似乎很有錢，第二天又來請了。他一到門，只見主人笑面承迎道：「昨晚服了先生的藥，好得多了，所以再請你來複診一回。」仍舊引到房裏，老媽子便將病人的手拉出帳外來。他一按，冷冰冰的，也沒有脈，於是點點頭道，「唔，這病我明白了。」從從容容走到桌前，取了藥方紙，提筆寫道:「憑票付英洋即鷹洋，墨西哥銀元壹百元正。」下面是署名，畫押。	Father's Illness
「先生，這病看來很不輕了，用藥怕還得重一點罷。」主人在背後說。	It was perhaps some ten-odd years ago that a story about a famous doctor had been widely circulating in S-City: His standard fee for a house call was one dollar and forty cents; for emergencies, ten dollars; at night, double; outside the city walls, double again. One night, the daughter of a family beyond the city walls fell gravely ill, and they sent for him. Since by then he had grown so rich that wealth bored him, he refused to come for anything less than a hundred dollars. They had no choice but to agree. When he arrived, he merely glanced at the patient and said: "Nothing serious." He wrote out a prescription, took his hundred dollars, and left. The family was apparently wealthy, for the next day they sent for him again. When he arrived at the door, the master of the house greeted him with a smile: "After taking your medicine last night, she is much improved, so we have asked you back for a follow-up." He was led to the room, and an old maidservant drew the patient's hand out from behind the bed curtain. He felt the pulse—ice cold, and no pulse at all. He nodded and said: "Hm, this illness I understand." With perfect composure, he walked to the table, took a prescription form, and wrote: "Pay on presentation of this note: one hundred silver dollars." Below, his signature and seal.
「可以。」他說，於是另開了一張方：「憑票付英洋貳百元正。」下面仍是署名，畫押。	"Doctor, this illness seems rather serious. Perhaps the dosage should be a little stronger," said the master from behind him.
這樣，主人就收了藥方，很客氣地送他出來了。	"Certainly." And he wrote another prescription: "Pay on presentation: two hundred silver dollars." Again signature and seal.
我曾經和這名醫周旋過兩整年，因為他隔日一回，來診我的父親的病。那時雖然已經很有名，但還不至於闊得這樣不耐煩；可是診金卻已經是一元四角。現在的都市上，診金一次十元並不算奇，可是那時是一元四角已是巨款，很不容易張羅的了；又何況是隔日一次。他大概的確有些特別，據輿論說，用藥就與眾不同。我不知道藥品，所覺得的，就是「藥引」的難得，新方一換，就得忙一大場。先買藥，再尋藥引。「生薑」兩片，竹葉十片去尖，他是不用的了。起碼是蘆根，須到河邊去掘；一到經霜三年的甘蔗，便至少也得搜尋兩三天。可是說也奇怪，大約後來總沒有購求不到的。據輿論說，神妙就在這地方。先前有一個病人，百藥無效；待到遇見了甚麼葉天士先生，只在舊方上加了一味藥引：梧桐葉。只一服，便霍然而癒了。「醫者，意也。」其時是秋天，而梧桐先知秋氣。其先百藥不投，今以秋氣動之，以氣感氣，所以……。我雖然並不瞭然，但也十分佩服，知道凡有靈藥，一定是很不容易得到的，求仙的人，甚至於還要拼了性命，跑進深山裏去採呢。	Thus the master received the prescriptions and politely saw him out.
這樣有兩年，漸漸地熟識，幾乎是朋友了。父親的水腫是逐日厲害，將要不能起床；我對於經霜三年的甘蔗之流也逐漸失了信仰，採辦藥引似乎再沒有先前一般踴躍了。正在這時候，他有一天來診，問過病狀，便極其誠懇地說：「我所有的學問，都用盡了。這裏還有一位陳蓮河影射當地知名中醫師何廉臣先生，本領比我高。我薦他來看一看，我可以寫一封信。可是，病是不要緊的，不過經他的手，可以格外好得快……。」這一天似乎大家都有些不歡，仍然由我恭敬地送他上轎。進來時，看見父親的臉色很異樣，和大家談論，大意是說自己的病大概沒有希望的了；他因為看了兩年，毫無效驗，臉又太熟了，未免有些難以為情，所以等到危急時候，便薦一個生手自代，和自己完全脫了干係。但另外有甚麼法子呢？本城的名醫，除他之外，實在也只有一個陳蓮河了。明天就請陳蓮河。	I had dealings with this famous doctor for two full years, for he came every other day to treat my father's illness. At the time, though already very well known, he was not yet so wealthy as to be bored by it; but his fee was already one dollar and forty cents. In today's cities, ten dollars per consultation is nothing out of the ordinary, but in those days one dollar and forty cents was already an enormous sum, exceedingly hard to scrape together—and this every other day. He evidently did possess some special qualities; public opinion held that his prescriptions were unlike those of any other doctor. I knew nothing of medicines; what struck me was the difficulty of procuring the "supplementary ingredients." Each time a new prescription was written, a great scramble ensued. First one bought the main medicine, then had to hunt for the supplementary ingredient. "Two slices of fresh ginger, ten bamboo leaves with the tips removed"—such things he never used. The minimum was reed roots, which had to be dug up from the riverbank; when it came to sugarcane that had been through three years of frost, one had to search for at least two or three days. But strange to say, in the end one always found everything. According to public opinion, therein lay the genius. There had once been a patient for whom a hundred medicines had failed; then he happened upon a certain Master Ye Tianshi, who merely added one new supplementary ingredient to the old prescription: a parasol-tree leaf. After just one dose, the patient was miraculously cured. "Medicine is intention." It was autumn, and the parasol tree is the first to sense autumn's breath. Since a hundred medicines had failed, one now stirred the patient with the autumn air—qi moves qi, and therefore… Though I did not fully understand, I was deeply impressed and knew that true wonder-medicines were always hard to obtain. Those who sought immortality even had to risk their lives, venturing deep into the mountains to gather them.
陳蓮河的診金也是一元四角。但前回的名醫的臉是圓而胖的，他卻長而胖了：這一點頗不同。還有用藥也不同。前回的名醫是一個人還可以辦的，這一回卻是一個人有些辦不妥帖了，因為他一張藥方上，總兼有一種特別的丸散和一種奇特的藥引。蘆根和經霜三年的甘蔗，他就從來沒有用過。最平常的是「蟋蟀一對」，旁註小字道：「要原配，即本在一窠中者。」似乎昆蟲也要貞節，續弦或再醮，連做藥資格也喪失了。但這差使在我並不為難，走進百草園，十對也容易得，將它們用線一縛，活活地擲入沸湯中完事。然而還有「平地木十株」呢，這可誰也不知道是甚麼東西了，問藥店，問鄉下人，問賣草藥的，問老年人，問讀書人，問木匠，都只是搖搖頭，臨末才記起了那遠房的叔祖，愛種一點花木的老人，跑去一問，他果然知道，是生在山中樹下的一種小樹，能結紅子如小珊瑚珠的，普通都稱為「老弗大」。「踏破鐵鞋無覓處，得來全不費功夫。」藥引尋到了，然而還有一種特別的丸藥：敗鼓皮丸。這「敗鼓皮丸」就是用打破的舊鼓皮做成；水腫一名鼓脹，一用打破的鼓皮自然就可以克伏他。清朝的剛毅因為憎恨「洋鬼子」，預備打他們，練了些兵稱作「虎神營」應是端郡王載漪手創，誤傳為剛毅，一說剛毅提議，載漪創立，取虎能食羊，神能伏鬼的意思，也就是這道理。可惜這一種神藥，全城中只有一家出售的，離我家就有五里，但這卻不像平地木那樣，必須暗中摸索了，陳蓮河先生開方之後，就懇切詳細地給我們說明。	Two years passed this way; gradually we became acquainted, almost friends. My father's edema worsened day by day until he could no longer rise from bed; and my faith in three-year frosted sugarcane and such things gradually faded, and my zeal in procuring supplementary ingredients was no longer what it had been. Just at that time, the doctor came one day for his consultation, inquired about the condition, and said with the utmost sincerity: "I have exhausted all my learning. There is still a certain Chen Lianhe here, whose abilities surpass mine. I recommend calling him in; I can write a letter of introduction. But the illness is nothing to worry about—it's just that under his care, the recovery will proceed even faster…" That day no one seemed quite cheerful. Still, I respectfully escorted him to his sedan chair. When I came back inside, I saw that my father's expression was quite peculiar. He spoke to everyone; the gist was that his illness probably held no more hope. The doctor had treated him for two years without any result, and his face had become too familiar, so he was no doubt somewhat embarrassed; therefore, when the crisis came, he recommended a newcomer to take his place and freed himself entirely of responsibility. But what else could one do? The only other famous doctor in the city, aside from him, was indeed Chen Lianhe. So the next day, Chen Lianhe was sent for.
「我有一種丹，」有一回陳蓮河先生說，「點在舌上，我想一定可以見效。因為舌乃心之靈苗……。價錢也並不貴，只要兩塊錢一盒……。」我父親沉思了一會，搖搖頭。	Chen Lianhe's fee was also one dollar and forty cents. But while the previous famous doctor's face was round and fat, his was long and fat—a rather notable difference. His medications were also different. With the previous doctor, one person could manage everything; this time, one person could barely cope, for each of his prescriptions always included, in addition to the main medicine, a special pill or powder and a peculiar supplementary ingredient. Reed roots and three-year frosted sugarcane he had never used. The most common item was "one pair of crickets," with a marginal note in small characters: "Must be an original pair, that is, from the same nest." It seemed that even insects were required to be chaste; should they have remarried, they lost even the qualification to serve as medicine. But this errand caused me no difficulty: in the Herb Garden, I could easily find ten pairs, tie them with thread, and throw them alive into boiling water. However, there was also "ten stalks of ground-level wood"—and what on earth that was, no one knew. I asked at the pharmacy, asked country folk, asked herb sellers, asked old people, asked scholars, asked carpenters—all shook their heads. Only at the very end did I remember a distant great-uncle, an old man who liked to grow a few flowers and trees. I ran to ask him, and he did indeed know: it was a small shrub that grew in the mountains beneath trees and bore red berries like tiny coral beads, commonly known as "Old Fuddy." "You wear out iron shoes searching in vain, then find it without the slightest effort." The supplementary ingredient was found, but there was still a special pill: the Beaten-Drum-Skin Pill. This "Beaten-Drum-Skin Pill" was made from the hide of broken old drums; edema was also called "drum belly," and a beaten drum skin could naturally subdue it. The Qing official Gangyi, out of hatred for the "foreign devils" and in preparation for fighting them, had trained some troops called the "Tiger Spirit Battalion," on the principle that the tiger could devour the lamb and the spirit could vanquish the devil—the very same logic. Unfortunately, this miracle medicine was sold by only one shop in the entire city, five li from our house. But unlike the ground-level wood, one did not have to grope about in the dark, for after writing the prescription, Mr. Chen Lianhe explained everything to us earnestly and in detail.
「我這樣用藥還會不大見效，」有一回陳蓮河先生又說，「我想，可以請人看一看，可有甚麼冤愆指前世罪業，被厲鬼索命……。醫能醫病，不能醫命，對不對？自然這也許是前世的事……。」我的父親沉思了一會，搖搖頭。	"I have an elixir," Mr. Chen Lianhe said on one occasion, "that one applies to the tongue. I am quite sure it will be effective. For the tongue is the magical sprout of the heart… The price is not expensive either, only two dollars a box…" My father pondered a while and shook his head.
凡國手，都能夠起死回生的，我們走過醫生的門前，常可以看見這樣的匾額。現在是讓步一點了，連醫生自己也說道：「西醫長於外科，中醫長於內科。」但是Ｓ城那時不但沒有西醫，並且誰也還沒有想到天下有所謂西醫，因此無論甚麼，都只能由軒轅、岐伯相傳軒轅黃帝與大臣岐伯討論而成《黃帝內經》的嫡派門徒包辦。軒轅時候是巫醫不分的，所以直到現在，他的門徒就還見鬼，而且覺得「舌乃心之靈苗」。這就是中國人的「命」，連名醫也無從醫治的。不肯用靈丹點在舌頭上，又想不出「冤愆」來，自然，單吃了一百多天的「敗鼓皮丸」有甚麼用呢？依然打不破水腫，父親終於躺在床上喘氣了。還請一回陳蓮河先生，這回是特拔，大洋十元。他仍舊泰然的開了一張方，但已停止敗鼓皮丸不用，藥引也不很神妙了，所以只消半天，藥就煎好，灌下去，卻從口角上回了出來。從此我便不再和陳蓮河先生周旋，只在街上有時看見他坐在三名轎夫的快轎裏飛一般擡過；聽說他現在還康健，一面行醫，一面還做了中醫甚麼學報，正在和「只長於外科的西醫」奮鬥哩。	"If my current medication does not quite take effect," Mr. Chen Lianhe said on another occasion, "I think perhaps one should bring in someone to look into whether there might not be some sin from a former life—some vengeful ghost demanding payment… Medicine can cure illness, but it cannot cure fate, wouldn't you say? Naturally, this may well be something from a previous life…" My father pondered a while and shook his head.
中西的思想確乎有一點不同。聽說中國的孝子們，一到將要「罪孽深重，禍延父母」清代訃聞，流行以「不孝子某某罪孽深重，不自殞滅，禍延.....」開頭的時候，就買幾斤人參，煎湯灌下去，希望父母多喘幾天氣，即使半天也好。我的一位教醫學的先生，卻教給我醫生的職務，道：「可醫的，應該給他醫治；不可醫的，應該給他死得沒有痛苦。」——但這先生自然是西醫。父親的喘氣頗長久，連我也聽得很吃力，然而誰也不能幫助他。我有時竟至於電光一閃似的想道：「還是快一點喘完了罷……。」立刻覺得這思想就不該，就是犯了罪；但同時又覺得這思想實在是正當的，我很愛我的父親。便是現在，也還是這樣想。	All true master physicians can raise the dead—walking past a doctor's house, one often sees such plaques. Nowadays there has been some concession, and even the doctors themselves say: "Western medicine excels in surgery; Chinese medicine excels in internal medicine." But in S-City at that time, not only was there no Western medicine—it had not even occurred to anyone that such a thing as Western medicine existed. Therefore, whatever the ailment, it could only be handled by the legitimate heirs of the Yellow Emperor and Qi Bo. In the time of the Yellow Emperor, shamans and doctors were one and the same, and so to this day his heirs still see ghosts and believe that "the tongue is the magical sprout of the heart." This is the "fate" of the Chinese, which even famous doctors cannot cure. If one refused to have the elixir applied to one's tongue and could not identify any "sin from a former life"—what good could it do to swallow nothing but "Beaten-Drum-Skin Pills" for over a hundred days? The edema remained unbroken, and my father finally lay in bed gasping for air. Chen Lianhe was summoned once more, this time as an emergency—ten silver dollars. Unperturbed, he wrote out yet another prescription, but discontinued the Beaten-Drum-Skin Pills, and the supplementary ingredients were no longer so wondrous either, so the medicine was prepared in half a day, poured down—but it flowed back out from the corners of his mouth. From then on, I had no more dealings with Mr. Chen Lianhe; only on the street I sometimes saw him fly past in his fast sedan chair carried by three bearers. I hear he is still in good health, still practicing medicine and also editing some journal of Chinese medicine, valiantly battling against "Western medicine, which excels only in surgery."
早晨，住在一門裏的衍太太魯迅叔公周子傳之妻進來了。她是一個精通禮節的婦人，說我們不應該空等著。於是給他換衣服；又將紙錠和一種甚麼《高王經》《高王觀世音經》，由諸佛佛號與《七佛滅罪真言》組成的民間佛教經典，捏在手中有超渡的意味。燒成灰，用紙包了給他捏在拳頭裏……。	The thinking of East and West is indeed somewhat different. It is said that filial sons in China, once their parents are at death's door—when it is "my grievous sins have brought calamity upon my parents"—buy a few pounds of ginseng, boil it into a broth and pour it down their parents' throats, hoping they will gasp on for a few more days, or even just half a day. One of my medical professors, however, taught me the physician's duty thus: "Those who can be cured should be treated; those who cannot should be given a painless death." But this professor was, of course, a Western-trained physician. My father's gasping continued for a very long time, and even I found it exhausting to listen to, yet no one could help him. Sometimes a thought would flash through me like lightning: "Wouldn't it be better if he finished gasping soon…" Instantly I felt that such a thought was wrong, was criminal; but at the same time I felt it was perfectly justified. I loved my father very much. Even now, I still think the same.
「叫呀，你父親要斷氣了。快叫呀！」衍太太說。	In the morning, Auntie Yan, who lived in the same courtyard, came in. She was a woman well versed in all the rituals, and said we should not just wait about idly. So they changed his clothes; then they pressed paper money and some sort of Buddhist sutra, burned to ashes and wrapped in paper, into his fists…
「父親！父親！」我就叫起來。	"Call out! Your father is about to die. Call quickly!" said Auntie Yan.
「大聲！他聽不見。還不快叫？！」	"Father! Father!" I began to call.
「父親！！！父親！！！」	"Louder! He can't hear you. Won't you call?!"
他已經平靜下去的臉，忽然緊張了，將眼微微一睜，彷彿有一些苦痛。	"Father!!! Father!!!"
「叫呀！快叫呀！」她催促說。	His face, which had already grown peaceful, suddenly tensed. His eyes opened a crack, as if in pain.
「父親！！！」	"Call! Call quickly!" she urged.
「甚麼呢？……不要嚷。……不……。」他低低地說，又較急地喘著氣，好一會，這才復了原狀，平靜下去了。	"Father!!!"
「父親！！！」我還叫他，一直到他咽了氣。	"What is it?… Don't shout… Don't…" he said softly, then gasped again more rapidly. After a while, he grew calm once more.
我現在還聽到那時的自己的這聲音，每聽到時，就覺得這卻是我對於父親的最大的錯處。	"Father!!!" I went on calling, until he breathed his last.
十月七日。	I can still hear my own voice from that moment, and each time I hear it, I feel that this was my greatest wrong against my father.
	October seventh.

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