Difference between revisions of "Chinese Language and Culture, Spring 2025"

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== '''一、五岳独秀：自然与人文并重的名山''' ==
 
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南岳衡山作为中华五岳之一，不仅以其秀丽的自然风光闻名，更是一座承载着丰富文化内涵的"文明奥区"。这座位于湖南省衡阳市南岳区的名山，自古就有"五岳独秀"、"中华寿岳"、"宗教圣地"等美誉，其文化积淀之深厚、类型之多元，在中国山岳文化中独树一帜。
 
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== '''二、帝王祭祀：国家礼制的千年传承''' ==
 
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历史渊源与帝王祭祀文化可以追溯至上古时期。据《周礼·虞书》记载，舜帝"五月南巡狩，至于南岳"，开启了帝王祭祀衡山的传统。黄帝、尧、舜、禹等远古帝王均曾登临祭拜，历代帝王或亲临或遣使祭祀达120余次。这种悠久的祭祀传统使衡山成为"中国南方唯一一座最古老的人文始祖的祭祀山"。康熙皇帝在《重修南岳庙碑记》中钦定衡山为"主寿之山"，进一步确立了其作为国家祭祀圣地的地位。
 
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== '''三、道教圣地：洞天福地与神仙信仰''' ==
 
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道教文化在南岳衡山有着深厚根基。作为道教"三十六洞天、七十二福地"中的第三洞天——朱陵洞天，衡山被视为连接尘世与仙界的通道。自东汉起，张道陵、魏华存(南岳夫人)、司马承祯等著名道士在此修行，形成了独特的道教传统。黄庭观相传为魏夫人升天之地，是《黄庭经》的发源地，在道教史上地位崇高。宋真宗时期，南岳道教达到鼎盛，庙宇建筑仿皇宫规制，显示了其作为道教圣地的崇高地位。
 
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== '''四、佛教祖庭：禅宗五叶的兴盛之地''' ==
 
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佛教文化同样在衡山蓬勃发展，形成了"五叶流芳"的盛况。自南北朝起，佛教传入南岳，禅宗五大支派中的曹洞宗、临济宗、云门宗、伪仰宗、法眼宗均源于此。南台寺作为曹洞宗祖庭，其影响远播日本，拥有800万信徒。福严寺被誉为"南山第一古刹"，是佛教禅宗的重要道场。这种佛道共存的宗教格局，使衡山成为研究中国宗教融合的典型案例。
 
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== '''五、寿岳文化：轸星信仰与长寿象征''' ==
 
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独特的"寿文化"是南岳衡山最具特色的文化符号。据《星经》记载，衡山对应二十八宿之轸星，"轸星主管人间苍生寿命"，故有"寿岳"之称。宋徽宗在南岳金简峰御题"寿岳"石刻，康熙皇帝也多次强调衡山作为"寿岳"的地位。这一文化在当代得到延续，如万寿广场上的中华万寿大鼎，高9.9米，重56吨，铸有10000个不同字体的"寿"字，象征着中华民族的团结与长寿愿望。
 
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== '''六、书院文化：湖湘学派的发源地''' ==
 
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书院文化与湖湘学派的发展也与衡山密切相关。晚清曾国藩曾赞叹："天下书院，楚为盛；楚之书院，衡为盛"。宋代胡安国父子及其弟子朱熹、张栻在南岳建春秋楼，讲经论学，开创了独树一帜的湖湘学派。这种"经世致用"的学术传统，对湖南乃至中国的思想文化发展产生了深远影响。
 
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== '''七、抗战精神：忠烈祠与民族记忆''' ==
 
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抗战文化是衡山近代史上的重要篇章。南岳忠烈祠建于1938-1943年，是中国大陆唯一一座纪念国民党抗日阵亡将士的大型烈士陵园。周恩来、叶剑英曾在此举办游击干部培训班，体现了国共合作抗战的历史。这种抗战记忆，使衡山成为中华民族团结御侮的精神象征。
 
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== '''八、三教共存：宗教和谐的独特典范''' ==
 
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南岳衡山文化的多元性还体现在其"三教共存"的独特现象上。南岳大庙作为"江南第一庙"，中轴线上是儒家建筑风格，东边为八个道观，西边为八个佛寺，这种儒、道、佛三教共存一庙的格局，"在全国乃至全世界都是绝无仅有的"。这种宗教和谐共处的模式，对于当代宗教对话与文明互鉴具有重要启示意义。
 
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== '''结语：多元文化交融的现代意义''' ==
 
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南岳衡山的文化价值不仅在于其丰富的历史遗存，更在于这些文化元素之间的互动与融合。从上古祭祀到儒释道三教共荣，从学术思想到抗战精神，衡山见证了中华文化的连续性与包容性。这种多元文化和谐共生的模式，在当今全球化与文明冲突的背景下，尤其值得深入研究和借鉴。
 
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'''术语和表达'''
 
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== Headline text ==
 
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文明奥区(Civilization Core Area) - 指南岳衡山作为中华文明重要发源地和多元文化汇聚之地的特殊地位。
 
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五叶流芳(Five Flourishing Branches) - 指禅宗在南岳衡山发展出的五个主要流派(曹洞宗、临济宗、云门宗、伪仰宗、法眼宗)的繁荣景象。
 
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朱陵洞天 (Zhuling Grotto-Heaven) - 道教三十六小洞天中的第三洞天，位于南岳衡山，被认为是仙人居住的仙境。
 
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寿岳(Mountain of Longevity) - 南岳衡山的别称，源自其对应轸星，主管人间寿命的星象信仰。
 
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三教共存(Coexistence of Three Teachings) - 指南岳大庙中儒、道、佛三教和谐共处的独特宗教文化现象。
 
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湖湘学派(Huxiang School of Thought) - 宋代由胡安国父子及其弟子朱熹、张栻在南岳衡山开创的学术流派，强调"经世致用"。
 
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南岳夫人(Lady of Southern Peak) - 指魏晋时期著名女道士魏华存，因其在南岳衡山修行并传播《黄庭经》而获此尊称。
 
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香火文化(Incense Culture) - 指南岳衡山悠久的进香朝拜传统，每年吸引数百万香客前来。
 
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摩崖石刻(Cliff Inscriptions) - 雕刻在山崖岩石上的文字或图像，南岳衡山保存有大量历代摩崖石刻，如"寿岳"题刻等。
 
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星野理论(Theory of Astrological Correspondence) - 中国古代将星空分野与地理区域相对应的观念，认为衡山对应轸星，故主寿。
 
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'''问题'''
 
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== Headline text ==
 
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'''I. The Most Scenic of the Five Sacred Mountains: A Blend of Nature and Culture''' 
 
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Mount Heng (Nanyue), one of China's Five Sacred Mountains, is renowned not only for its breathtaking natural scenery but also as a "Civilization Core Area" rich in cultural heritage. Located in the Nanyue District of Hengyang City, Hunan Province, it has long been celebrated as "the Most Scenic of the Five Sacred Mountains," "the Mountain of Longevity," and a "Sacred Religious Site." Its profound and diverse cultural legacy makes it unique among China's mountain cultures. 
 
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'''II. Imperial Worship: A Millennium-Old Tradition of State Rituals''' 
 
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The history of imperial worship at Mount Heng dates back to ancient times. According to *The Book of Rites·Yu Shu*, Emperor Shun "traveled south in the fifth month and reached Nanyue," initiating the tradition of imperial sacrifices at Mount Heng. Legendary rulers such as the Yellow Emperor, Yao, Shun, and Yu all performed rituals here, and subsequent emperors either personally visited or sent envoys to conduct ceremonies over 120 times. This enduring tradition has made Mount Heng "the only ancient mountain in southern China dedicated to the worship of cultural ancestors." Emperor Kangxi further solidified its status as a national sacred site by declaring it the "Mountain of Longevity" in his *Stele Inscription on the Reconstruction of Nanyue Temple*. 
 
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'''III. A Taoist Sanctuary: Grotto-Heavens and Immortal Beliefs'''
 
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Taoism has deep roots at Mount Heng. Recognized as the third of Taoism’s "Thirty-Six Grotto-Heavens"—the Zhuling Grotto-Heaven—it is considered a gateway between the mortal world and the divine. Since the Eastern Han Dynasty, renowned Taoist masters such as Zhang Daoling, Lady Wei Huacun (the Lady of Southern Peak), and Sima Chengzhen have practiced here, establishing a distinctive Taoist tradition. The Huangting Temple, where Lady Wei is said to have ascended to immortality, is the birthplace of the *Huangting Jing* (Yellow Court Scripture) and holds a revered place in Taoist history. During Emperor Zhenzong’s reign in the Song Dynasty, Nanyue Taoism reached its zenith, with temple architecture mirroring imperial palaces, reflecting its sacred status. 
 
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'''IV. A Buddhist Patriarchal Seat: The Flourishing of Chan Buddhism’s Five Branches''' 
 
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Buddhism also thrived at Mount Heng, giving rise to the "Five Flourishing Branches" of Chan Buddhism. Since the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Buddhism spread to Nanyue, where all five major Chan sects—Caodong, Linji, Yunmen, Weiyang, and Fayan—originated. The Nantai Temple, the ancestral seat of the Caodong School, has influenced Japanese Zen Buddhism, boasting eight million followers. The Fuyan Temple, hailed as "the First Ancient Temple of the Southern Mountain," remains a vital center of Chan practice. This coexistence of Buddhism and Taoism makes Mount Heng a prime case study in Chinese religious syncretism. 
 
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'''V. The Culture of Longevity: Astral Beliefs and Symbolic Meaning''' 
 
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Mount Heng’s most distinctive cultural feature is its "Longevity Culture." According to *The Classic of Stars*, Mount Heng corresponds to the Zhen constellation, which governs human lifespan, earning it the title "Mountain of Longevity." Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty inscribed "Shou Yue" (Mountain of Longevity) on the Jinjian Peak, while Emperor Kangxi repeatedly affirmed this designation. This tradition continues today, exemplified by the "Chinese Longevity Tripod" in Wanshou Square—standing 9.9 meters tall, weighing 56 tons, and engraved with 10,000 variations of the character "寿" (longevity)—symbolizing national unity and the wish for long life. 
 
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'''VI. Academy Culture: The Cradle of the Huxiang School''' 
 
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Mount Heng played a pivotal role in the development of academy culture and the Huxiang School. Zeng Guofan of the late Qing Dynasty once praised: "Among academies in the world, those in Chu (Hunan) are the greatest; among those in Chu, the ones in Heng are the finest." During the Song Dynasty, Hu Anguo and his disciples, including Zhu Xi and Zhang Shi, established the Chunqiu Tower at Nanyue, where they lectured and developed the pragmatic Huxiang School. This intellectual tradition profoundly influenced Hunanese and broader Chinese thought. 
 
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'''VII. The Spirit of Resistance: Martyrs’ Shrine and National Memory''' 
 
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The legacy of the Anti-Japanese War is a significant chapter in Mount Heng’s modern history. The Nanyue Martyrs’ Shrine, built between 1938 and 1943, is mainland China’s only large-scale memorial dedicated to Kuomintang soldiers who died in the war. Zhou Enlai and Ye Jianying once organized guerrilla training courses here, reflecting the wartime cooperation between the Communists and Nationalists. This memory of resistance has made Mount Heng a symbol of national unity. 
 
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'''VIII. The Coexistence of Three Teachings: A Model of Religious Harmony''' 
 
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Mount Heng’s multiculturalism is further exemplified by the unique phenomenon of "Three Teachings in One Temple." The Grand Temple of Nanyue, known as the "First Temple South of the Yangtze," features Confucian-style architecture along its central axis, flanked by eight Taoist temples on the east and eight Buddhist monasteries on the west. This arrangement—where Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism coexist within a single complex—is "unparalleled in China and perhaps the world." This model of religious harmony offers valuable insights for contemporary interfaith dialogue. 
 
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'''IX. Conclusion: The Modern Significance of Multicultural Integration''' 
 
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Mount Heng’s cultural value lies not only in its historical relics but also in the dynamic interplay between its diverse elements. From ancient worship to the harmonious blending of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism, from scholarly traditions to wartime resilience, Mount Heng embodies the continuity and inclusiveness of Chinese culture. In an era of globalization and cultural clashes, its model of multicultural coexistence remains highly relevant for study and inspiration. 
 
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'''Key Terms and Expressions''' 
 
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== Headline text ==
 
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Civilization Core Area – Refers to Mount Heng’s status as a cradle of Chinese civilization and a convergence point of diverse cultures. 
 
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Five Flourishing Branches – The five major Chan Buddhist sects (Caodong, Linji, Yunmen, Weiyang, Fayan) that thrived at Mount Heng. 
 
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Zhuling Grotto-Heaven – The third of Taoism’s Thirty-Six Grotto-Heavens, believed to be an abode of immortals. 
 
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Mountain of Longevity – Mount Heng’s alternate name, derived from its astrological association with the life-governing Zhen constellation. 
 
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Coexistence of Three Teachings – The harmonious integration of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism within the Grand Temple of Nanyue. 
 
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Huxiang School of Thought – A Song Dynasty intellectual movement emphasizing practical governance, founded by Hu Anguo and developed by Zhu Xi and Zhang Shi. 
 
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Lady of Southern Peak – The Taoist master Wei Huacun, revered for her spiritual achievements at Mount Heng and her transmission of the *Huangting Jing*. 
 
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'''Additional Terms''' 
 
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== Headline text ==
 
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- Incense Culture – The long-standing tradition of pilgrimage and worship at Mount Heng, attracting millions annually. 
 
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- Cliff Inscriptions – Ancient carvings on rock faces, such as the "Shou Yue" inscription. 
 
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- Theory of Astrological Correspondence – The ancient Chinese belief linking celestial regions to terrestrial geography, associating Mount Heng with longevity. 
 
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'''Discussion Questions''' 
 
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1. How did Mount Heng’s "Longevity Culture" evolve from astrological beliefs into a widely shared cultural symbol? What characterizes its modern adaptation? 
 
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2. What does the spatial arrangement of the "Three Teachings in One Temple" reveal about religious interaction? How might this model inform contemporary interfaith dialogue? 
 
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3. As a birthplace of the Huxiang School, how did Mount Heng contribute to shaping Hunan’s regional cultural identity? 
 
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4. How have different political forces remembered and interpreted Mount Heng’s wartime heritage (e.g., the Martyrs’ Shrine)? What does this politicized memory reflect? 
 
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5. How do Mount Heng’s ecological features (e.g., its "natural oxygen bar") and cultural beliefs reinforce each other, forming a unique "eco-cultural" system?
 
  
  

Revision as of 18:41, 5 June 2025

Welcome to our course website Chinese Language and Culture, Spring 2025!

Session 1 Fri Feb 21 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Organizational issues

What we learn in this class

  • We learn about Chinese culture from international, especially Western perspective.
  • We learn about cultural phenomena, traditional Chinese culture.
  • We learn English and Chinese terminology in the area of Chinese culture.
  • We learn to think critically about cultural traditions and to appreciate the benefits from cultural traditions.
  • We learn how to determine the location and role of Chinese culture within global culture.
  • We learn basics of theories and models of intercultural communication and comparison.
  • We learn the appreciate and respect the diversity of multipolar cultures and of integration.
  • We become aware of the dangers of cultural discrimination (colonialism, religious missions, imperialism etc.).

Students' contribution

  • Every student needs to prepare the 1-2 textbook texts of the respective chapters in the textbook ahead each week of class.
  • Every student selects a topic, prepares 2 ppt presentations of 15 min. (one without AI, one with AI, and please indicate references and an AI statement at the end of the presentation) and a mentimeter.com quiz for everybody to take live in class with results shown after all will have answered. The topics and contents of the sessions are determined by the selection of the students.
  • For the final exam, you write another chapter of the textbook in both Chinese and English, with "Terms and Expressions", References, Questions and Answers, Statement regarding AI

Textbook

You will receive the textbook for our class. We need a volunteer who integrates the last 92 new chapters into the word file. After tha, you will receive an updated version of the textbook. There are more than 200 topics of our textbook. Here you find all topics in the order of the book and with the names of the students who will translate the chapters into Chinese. Please select two topics by writing your name behind it and by setting it in bold. These topics will be presented in the form of a powerpoint presentation.

Agreement on use of classroom time

Should we read the texts in class or should the students read the text ahead of class (especially learning the terms and expressions) and come to class prepared? How should we use our classroom time? (presentations, quizzes, discussions, exercise to translate adhoc an unknown text from the same area)


Homework for every session

Please prepare the topics of the following session by reading the respective texts in the textbook (if you have not much time, you can read it in Chinese), learn the vocabulary and make yourself familiar with the questions asked under the text.

Teacher presentation: Introduction to Culture

Media:01_Chin_Lang_Cult_Spring_2025.pptx

Homework for Session 2

Please register on the Wiki and wait for the teacher to approve. You can click on http://bit.ly/WIKIREG, then input two times your pinyin name for username and real name in the way "Wang Jianguo", type in some info about yourself and submit the form with accepting the terms and conditions as well as typing in the captcha password "wikicaptcha". More detailed instructions for registration you find in the powerpoint presentation which you can download from here ("Teacher presentation").

Please select one of the following chapters of our textbook by writing your name behind the topic to give a 20 minute presentation on plus a MikeCRM quiz: The first three presenters will have to present next week!

1. Geographic Nature as a Basis for Cultural Development 17

2. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Chinese Marriage Customs 22

3. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Habits, Ways of Contacting 31

4. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Marriage-Accompanying Songs in Hunan 40

5. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: Crying Marriage of Tujia 49

6. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Four Most Handsome Men in Ancient China 63

7. Animals: Panda 71

8. Architecture 78

9. Architecture: The Forbidden City 89

10. Architecture: Four Famous Bridges 102

11. Architecture: Four Great Pavilions 113

12. Architecture: Shengjing Imperial Palace 124

13. Architecture: Three Great Towers in China 131

14. Architecture: Fengshui in Chinese Architecture 145

15. Army and weapons: Chinese Ancient Weapons 154

16. Army and weapons: Terracotta Army 163

17. Astrology: Chinese Astrology 170

18. Astrology: Calendar, The 24 Solar Terms 178

19. Astrology: Twelve Animals of the Chinese Zodiac 188

20. Beverages: Milk Tea 197

21. Beverages: Tea 203 (Zhang Mai)

22. Beverages: The Liquor Culture of Ancient China 209

23. Body movement performance: Chinese Lion Dancing 218

24. Body movement performance: Stilts 223

25. Body movement performance: Traditional Chinese Dance 230

26. Chinese Writing: Ancient Writing and Painting Tool, Writing Brush 236

27. Chinese Writing: Calligraphy 246 (Tang Yan)

28. Chinese Writing: The Evolution of Calligraphy 252

29. Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters 262

30. Chinese Writing: Chinese Characters and Scripts 276

31. Clothing: Chinese Clothing 283

32. Clothing: Batik (Lanran) 291

33. Clothing: Cheongsam 301

34. Confucianism: Confucian Culture 309

35. Confucianism: Chinese Traditional Culture-Five Constant Virtues 324

36. Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Confucius and Confucianism 332

37. Confucianism: Classical Philosophy - Reading The Analects 339

38. Education: Ancient Chinese Education 350

39. Education: Historical Figures, The Four Talented Women of Ancient China 361

40. Education: Modern Chinese Education System 371

41. Education: The Nine-Grade Official Selection System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties 386

42. Education: Yuelu Academy (One of the Four Most Prestigious Academies) 395

43. Facial Make-up 406

44. Facial Make-up: Cosmetics, Traditional Chinese Make-Up 413

45. Facial Make-up: Face Changing in Sichuan Opera 431

46. Fine Arts: Painting 440

47. Fine Arts: Bada Shanren and Qi Baishi 445

48. Fine Arts: Painting Riverside Scene at Tomb Sweeping Day 452

49. Fine Arts: Seal-cutting 459

50. Games: Go 围棋 462（Zhao Qi）

51. Games: Kite Flying 468

52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play 476（Jiang Ziqiang）

53. Garden Culture: Gardens 505

54. Garden Culture: Bonsai (Penjing) 511

55. Garden Culture: The Summer Palace 519（Li Mei）

56. Garden Culture: Qingming Riverside Landscspe Garden 526

57. Gender: Wu Zetian: The Only Female Emperor of Imperial China 535

58. History: Carl and Cixi 548

59. Interieur: The Folding Screen 552

60. Landscapes and Tourism: Four Buddhist Shrines 561

61. Landscapes and Tourism: Four State-Level Cultural Relics 573

62. Landscapes and Tourism: Landscape, Five Famous Mountains 585

63. Landscapes and Tourism: Mogao Grottoes 593

64. Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai 606（Qin Yi)

65. Landscapes and Tourism: Canal Culture：The Grand Canal（The Peking-Hangzhou Grand Canal） 621

66. Landscapes and Tourism: The Ancient Tea Horse Road 635

67. Landscapes and Tourism: Tourism, Nanking-An Ancient Capital of Six Dynasties 642

68. Language: Chinese Language 649

69. Language: Chinese Dialects 660

70. Language: Chinese Folk Argot 669

71. Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Classical Fairy Tales 681

72. Literature: Ancient literature - Chinese Mythology 688

73. Literature: Ancient literature - Classical Literature 699

74. Literature: Ancient Literature - Four satirical novels in ancient China 706

75. Literature: Ancient literature: Four Folk Stories of Ancient China 715

76. Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 725 (Duan Binyao)

77. Literature: Ancient Literature: The Classic of Mountains and Seas 748

78. Literature: Ancient literature: Yuefu 765

79. Literature: Premodern literature - China's Four Great Classical Novels 773

80. Literature: Premodern literature - Li Bai's “The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter” and its translations 780

81. Literature: Premodern literature: Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio 786

82. Literature: Premodern literature: Tang-Song 794

83. Literature: Tang and Song - Classical Prose Movement of late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty 823

84. Literature: Modern Literature 832

85. Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Ch'ien Chung-shu) 841（Miao Yunlong）

86. Literature: Modern and Contemporary Literature: Literature, Science Fiction, and Fantasy 848

87. Literature: Contemporary Literature 859

88. Martial Arts: Huo Yuanjia 865

89. Martial Arts: Qigong 868

90. Martial Arts: Taiji (Tai Chi) Shadow Boxing 873

91. Martial Arts: Wushu 885

92. Martial Arts: Frolics of the Five Animals (Wuqinxi) 890

93. Medicine: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) 900

94. Medicine: TCM - Acupuncture and Moxibustion 907

95. Medicine: TCM - Diagnosis and Pharmacology 912

96. Medicine: TCM - The Development of Chinese Medicine 917

97. Medicine: TCM – The Chinese Medical Sage Zhang Zhongjing 924

98. Minority cultures: Lisu People and Daogan Festival of Lisu Ethnic Minority 934

99. Minority cultures: The Ethnic Minorities’ Costumes 941

100. Money culture: Currency, Jiaozi (A Paper Currency in Northern Song Dynasty) 952

101. Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money 962 (Xu Yangyang)

102. Music and instruments: Guzheng 975

103. Music and instruments: Pipa 986

104. Mythology: Gods and Immortals 996

105. Mythology: Huli-jing 1005

106. National Symbols: National Anthem 1018

107. National Symbols: National Flag 1026 （Liao Zuoyun）

108. Opera: Peking Opera 1035

109. Opera: Peking Opera Acrobatics 1043

110. Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 1050 (Dai shiru)

111. Opera: Tea-picking Opera 1055

112. Opera: Hunan Flower-drum Opera (Huagu Opera) 1064

113. Philosophical Schools: Four Main Philosophical Schools 1076

114. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy – Daoism 1087

115. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading Tao Te Ching 1093

116. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Sutra of Hui-neng 1099

117. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Classical Philosophy - Reading The Importance of Living 1106

118. Philosophical Schools (Daoism, Buddhism, Legalism): Legalism 1119

119. Philosophy: Chinese Traditional Cultivation Culture 1129

120. Religion: Traditional Chinese Funeral Culture 1141

121. Religion: Buddhism 1155

122. Religion: Daoism 1170

123. Religion: Christianity 1175

124. Religion: Islam 1181

125. Science and Technology: Ancient Science and Technology 1185

126. Science and Technology: China's Four New Inventions 1191 (Yang Yue2)

127. Science and Technology: Compass 1217

128. Science and Technology: TikTok (Douyin) 1226

129. Science and Technology: Three Giant Home Appliance Enterprises In China 1235

130. Science and Technology: Four Domestic Mobile Phone Companies 1257

131. Silk and porcelain: Silk 1272 (Fei Xinyu)

132. Silk and porcelain: Porcelain 1277

133. Silk and porcelain: Celadon and Celadon Song 《青花瓷》歌词 1283(Wang Huaixing)

134. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zhang Qian and the Silk Road 1291

135. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He and the Maritime Silk Road 1296

136. Silk Road - by land and by sea: Zheng He's Voyages 1300

137. Social: The Long-life Lock 1308

138. Social: Round Table Culture 1317 (Wu Jiating)

139. Stage entertainment: Crosstalk 相声 1325

140. Stage entertainment: Shadow Play 1332

141. Traditional Crafts: Carving 1340

142. Traditional Crafts: Chinese Jade Culture 1348

143. Traditional Crafts: Cloisonne 1363

144. Traditional Crafts: Embroidery 1369

145. Traditional Crafts: Shu Embroidery (Sichuan Embroidery) 1373

146. Traditional Crafts: Xiang Embroidery 1386（Zhang Huifang）

147. Traditional Crafts: Folk Art - Chinese Paper-cutting 1400

148. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Chinese Knots 1409

149. Traditional Crafts: Lacquerware 1418

150. Traditional Crafts: The Kingfisher Craft点翠 1423

151. Traditional Cuisine: Chinese Dining Etiquette 1436

152. Traditional Cuisine: Chopsticks 1450

153. Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China 1456 (Zheng Kaiwu)

154. Traditional Cuisine: Four Distinct Regional Cuisines 1473

155. Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan 1480(Liu Peini)


156. Traditional Cuisine: Tanghulu, Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick 1491(Xiao Zixin)

157. Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot 1501 (Cao Chunyang)

158. Traditional Cuisine: The Art of Chinese Cooking 1508

159. Traditional Cuisine: Two Famous Dishes 1514

160. Traditional Festivals 1518……

161. Traditional Festivals: Lattice on Ancient Chinese Windows 1525

162. Traditional Festivals: Spring Festival Couplets 1538

163. Westernization: The Eastward Spread of Western Learning 1544

164. Westernization: The Westernization Movement 1550

165. Worship: Chinese Incense Culture 1558 (She Xiao)

166. Economy: Chinese Currency Changes 1569

167. History: Wang Shouren 1573 Lv Jiahao

168. Martial Arts: Chinese Swordsman Spirit 1582

169. Cuisine: Luosifen 1593 （Chen Sisi)

170. Fine Arts: Chinese Paper Cutting 1601

171. Science and Technology: Taobao(淘宝) 1611

172. Traditional Craft: Bronze 1623

173. Entertainment: Deyunshe 德云社 1631

174. Traditional Cuisine: Jiaozi 1644 （Liu Pei）

175. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: the Photo Retouching Culture in China 1655

176. Traditional Crafts: Handcraft - Oil-paper Umbrella 1664

177. stage entertainment:Yuan drama 1676

178. Music and instruments: Erhu 1685

179. Traditional and Modern Views on Marriage and Love 1694 (Liu Yunxi)

180. Traditional Cuisine: Tangyuan 1701

181. Animals：Golden Monkey 1712（Xiao Yawen）

182. Chinese Economy: rich businessmen 1719 (Fu Sihui)

183. Opera: Chinese Local Operas 1727 （Wang Xinyu）

184. The Chinese tradition of ancestor worship 1740

185. Opera: Huangmei opera 1752 （Chu Hanqi）

186. The “reference” of Chinese Music 1759

187. Chinese Folk Art:Lion Dance 1767

188. Science and Technology: Mobile Games（手游） 1783(Du JIangping)

189. Clothing: Vintage Clothing 1790

190. Fine arts:Kunqu Opera 1798

191. Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Culture of Flowers 1807 (Qiu Ping）

192. National Belief: the Chinese Dream 1818

193. Science and Technology: Buytogether（PDD) 1825(Qi Zhiyang)

194. Aesthetic ideals and social customs：Marriage and Burial Customs of Tujia People 1845

195. Sports: Cuju (蹴鞠) 1845 （Ouyang Yihong)

196. Science and Technology: The culture of Chinese Electric Vehicles 中国电动汽车 1845（Geng Hongmei)

197. Chinese tradition culture: The culture of Ronghua—Velvet Flowers 绒花 1845

198. Stage entertainment: Northeast Errenzhuan (二人转) 1845

199. Traditional Crafts: Dough Sculpture 面塑 1845

200. Nanchang Relic Museum for Haihun Principality of Han Dynasty 1845

201. The culture of Grass cloth 夏布 1845

202. The Legend of Zhen Huan 《甄嬛传》 1845 (Xiang Jianning)

203. Chinese horror movies 中式恐怖片 1845 (Zhang Jiaxin)

204. Stand-up comedy 单口喜剧 1845（Huang Sinan）

205. Bride-price（彩礼） 1845

206. Chinese science fiction movies 中国科幻片 1845

207. Shandong cuisine鲁菜 1845(Lu Wei)

208. Chinese traditional ornament: Buyao （步摇） 1845 (Yang Jing)

209. Tofu meatball with pig blood (猪血丸子) 1845 （Li Ting2）

210. Sunzi’s Art of War: Source for All Books on War (孙子兵法) 1845

211. The Temple of Heaven：Reverence with Awe and Gratitude（天坛） 1845

212. Education：training Schools （教育：补习班） 1845 (Huang Yixuan2)

213. Chinese Dreamcore (中式梦核) 1845 (Zhang Zixi)

214. Lu Ban, China’s inventor（中国发明家——鲁班） 1845 (Cai Yichun)

215. Live Streaming E-commerce（直播电商） 1845 (Tao Yao)

216. The Story of Ming Lan（知否知否，应是绿肥红瘦） 1845 (Ye Sitong)

217. Cha Bai Xi/Tea Latte Art (茶百戏) 1845 （Yang Jiahong2)

218. Guangdong Herbal tea（广东凉茶） 1845(Gao Xiaoqing)

219. Chinese traditional art form：Seal carving（篆刻） 1845(Huang Qiaoqiao)

220. Rice cake (年糕) 1845 （Dong Jiating）

221. Zhongyuan festival 1845 （Ou Huang）

222. Dulong: Facial tattoo (独龙族：纹面) 1845

223. The Return of the Pearl Princess（还珠格格） 1845 （Lu Jiahui）

224. Chinese Food：Jiangxi Cuisine（赣菜） 1845 (Liao Dan)

225. "Cun Chao": China's village football league（“村超”：中国乡村足球联赛） 1845 (Shen Shuai)

226. Landscapes and Tourism: Junshan Island (君山岛) 1845

227. Chinese Bossy Fictions & Micro-drama（中国式霸总小说&短剧） 1845 (He Yunfeng)

228. Chinese Traditional Medicine (中医药）——— Mortise and Tenon Joint（榫卯结构） 1845

229. Jingdezhen Porcelain 1845 (Xiao Luyu)

230. Gayageum（伽倻琴） 1845 (Zhang Meiling)

231. The plaque and couplet in Chinese garden（园林匾额对联） 1845 (Wang Yuxin)

232. Sun Wukong（孙悟空） 1845 （Li Yuan2）

233. Traditional Chinese Pigments（中国传统颜料） 1845 (Cao Yuan)

234. Dragon Lantern Dance（舞龙灯） 1845 （Jin Yichen）

235. Bamboo Weaving (竹编） 1845 (Chen Anqi)

236. Landscapes and Tourism: Harbin Ice and Snow World (冰雪大世界) 1845 (Xu Xinwen)

237. Braised Chicken Rice (黄焖鸡米饭-Huang Men Ji Mifan) 1845 （Li Zihan2）

238. Three Famous Chinese Mountains(中国三山) 1845（Liu Chang）

239. Female Emperor---Wu Zetian 1845 (Song Xin)

240. Clay sculpture (泥塑） 1845 (Chen Lin)

241. Abacus (中国珠算） 1845

242. Hunan Rice Noodles（湖南米粉） 1845 (Gong Wei)

243. Chinese name（中国姓名文化） 1845

244. Chinese popular viral memes (中国网络社交媒体“热梗”） 1845(Xiao Yikang)

245. Douzhi (豆汁) 1845(Li Linyao)

246. New Year Wood-block Paintings (木版年画） 1845（Du Yuan）

247. Carved lacquer（雕漆） 1845 （Liu Qi）

248. Jing Gang Mountain (井冈山） 1845 （Yu Jingfang）

249. Intangible Cultural Heritage: Tongguan Kiln （铜官窑） 1845

250. Language: Hakka Dialect（客家话） 1845

251. Rice noodle roll（肠粉） 1845 ( Li Mingfeng )

252. Traditional Cuisine: Northeastern Chinese Cuisine(东北菜） 1845（Liu Shutian）

253. Yuelu Mountain (岳麓山) 1845（Chen Ting）

254. Traditional Crafts：Tie-Dye（扎染） 1845（Zhang Qi）

255. Chinese-style sun protection (中式防晒） 1845（Zhao Yashi）

256. Danmu (弹幕） 1845 (Zhou Le)

257. Yangshao Culture（仰韶文化） 1845

258. Indigo Dyeing (蓝染) 1845

259. Female Writers: Zhang Ailing, Chen Ping, Lin Yihan and Li Bihua 1845 (Zhou Tianyi)


260. Wedding dress in the Song Dynasty (宋代婚服) 1845 (Liu Chao)

261. The cultural idea oft he great unification in ancient China (中国古代的大一统文化思想) 1845

262. The Four Pillars of Destiny (八字) (Li Jiayi) 1845

263. Shaolin Temple (少林寺) 1845 (Zuo Fang)

264. Single bamboo drifting（独竹漂） 1845

265. Cuisine: Changde spicy salted duck 酱板鸭传说的由来 1845 （Xing Xueqing）

266. Hui Culture (徽文化) 1845(Liu Jianan)

267. Ma Zu Culture (妈祖文化) 1845 (Yan Jidong)

268. Table Manners 1845（Luo Yan）

269. Music of the Mongol nationality (蒙古族音乐) 1845

270. The Yingge Dance（英歌舞） 1845 （Jiang Xinyue)

271. Palace Lantern（宫灯） 1845 （Shao Keyuan）

272. Chinese Term of Endearment（中国亲昵称谓） 1845 (Zeng Zhi）

273. Changsha Stinky Tofu（长沙臭豆腐) 1845(Luo Sicheng)

274. God of Wealth(财神) 1845

275. Zhuazhou（抓周） 1845 （Zeng Xiaohui）

276. Nail art（美甲） 1845 （Luo Jiaxin）

277. Mirror (镜子) 1845 (Cheng Sixiang)

278. The Beef Board Noodle (牛肉板面) 1845(Yan Xiang)

279. Huo Qubing (霍去病） 1845 （Luo Jingyan）

280. Chinese Courtyard Houses（中国四合院） 1845 (Guo Cili)

281. Music and instruments: Yangqin（扬琴） 1845（Dai Yexun）

282. Black Myth: Wukong（黑神话 悟空） 1845 (Chen Zhen)

283. Guangdong Morning Tea Culture （广东早茶文化） 1845 （Zheng Jinlian）

Session 02 Fri Feb 28 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations

Teacher presentation: Introduction to Culture

Media:02_Chin_Lang_Cult_Spring_2025.pptx

Topics for today

Please copy and paste your presentation topic, your name here and add your powerpoint file (size limit 10 MB)

You need to copy all the topics for the whole semester to the sessions NOW. If you do not do it sufficiently in advance, how can the fellow students prepare the texts?

Please remember that you have to indicate the 10 topics for Friday on the course website under "Session 2" with the topic name, student name, powerpoint uploaded (max size 10 MB), all presentations will be each on 1 topic only and cannot exceed 5 minutes. They have to be interactive and helpful from the perspective of an interpreter or translator who needs to prepare his/her work on this topic.

27. Chinese Calligraphy (Tang Yan) Media:Chinese_Calligraphy.pptx

52. Games: Mahjong: An Ancient Chinese card play 476（Jiang Ziqiang）Media:Mahjong-Jiang_Ziqiang.pptx

55. Garden Culture: The Summer Palace 519（Li Mei）Media:The Summer Palace - Li Mei.pptx

76. Literature: Ancient Literature - Take Su Shi as an example. Relegation Literature in Ancient China 725 (Duan Binyao) Media:Duan_Binyao_-76Su_Shi_and_Delegation_Literature.pptx

85. Literature: Modern Literature: Qian Zhongshu (Miao Yunlong)Media:Qian_Zhongshu_Miao_Yunlong.pptx

Tea Latte Art (Xiang Jianning)

Topic 7

Topic 8

Topic 9

Topic 10

Session 03 Fri Mar 07 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations

Presentations

1. Topic 21: Beverages: Tea 203 (Zhang Mai) Media:Tea_Spring_2025.pptx 86

2. Topic 64: Landscapes and Tourism: The Culture of Mount Tai 606 (Qin Yi) Media:Mount_Tai_Spring_2025.pptx

3. Topic 101. Money culture: The tradition of Red Envelope and Lucky Money 962 (Xu Yangyang) Media:Lucky_Money_Spring_2025.pptx

4. Topic 107:National Symbols: Culture of the National Flag 1026 （Liao Zuoyun）Media:Culture_of_the_National_Flag_Spring_2025.pptx

5. Topic 155:Traditional Cuisine: Breakfast Culture of Wuhan 1480 (Liu Peini) Media:Wuhan_Breakfast_Spring_2025.pptx

6. Topic 157:Traditional Cuisine: Hotpot 1501 (Cao Chunyang) Media:Hot_Pot_Spring_2025.pptx

7. Topic 126: China's four new inventions 1191(Yang Yue2).) Media:China's_Four_Great_New_Inventions_Spring_2025.pdf

Notes on presentations

Most students did not do their homework. 素质 in Chinese and international culture. Taking over responsibility. Being independent. Making sure that things run. Taking care of others. Not to do the homework in time (displaying the 13 presentations of each session) has disadvantages also for the other students, who cannot prepare.

1. 14:43-49 Only Chinese tradition explained, not Indian, Egyptian etc. "Black tea" (in English all "hong cha" is called "black tea"), British tea culture (add milk)

2. 14:55-15:00 Personal origin: Shandong, personal experience: climbed Mount Tai 4 times, Sacrificial Culture, Culture of Literati, Folk Belief: God of Mount Tai, Blue Rosy Cloud Fairy; Spiritual Symbolism

3. 15:04-15:10 Legend, Tradition and Contrast, Significance; Sui Monster ya sui qian; contrast in the West: Giving money as a present is considered not as good as a present itself, giving money in an envelope has the bad taste of bribing (transparency.org); in China you can even go to the temple and pray for money

4. 15:29-15:34 historical details of design, red meaning “stop” internationally, “achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation” (maybe a newer concept than the flag?), connection with earlier historical flags and other flags like of the communist movement, North Korea, ancient Soviet Union

5. 15:41-15:46 dialect terms (don’t use pinyin), analogy, breakfast is one of the most resilient cultural elements a person sticks to, guozao, 热干面, missing: characteristics like that it needs to be prepared quickly because the tradition of the dock workers

6. 15:56-16:01 hot pot history originated in China (?), regional differences within China 87

7. 16:02-16:06 4 new inventions - not explained that these inventions were invented in other countries. 86

Student grades: 平时成绩/签到

75/103 students, 24级 MA翻译, class representative: Zhang Jiaxin

  1. Jin Yichen
  2. lu jiahui
  3. li yuan
  4. cao yuan
  5. xiao luyu
  6. zhang jiaxin +5
  7. ye sitong
  8. zhao yashi
  9. jiang xinyue
  10. yan xiang
  11. fei xinyu
  12. zhang qi
  13. dai shiru
  14. zhang zixi
  15. zheng kaiwu
  16. cai yichun
  17. yang jing
  18. liao dan
  19. luo yan
  20. qin yi
  21. shao keyuan
  22. cao chunyang
  23. xu yangyang
  24. liao zuoyun
  25. cheng sixiang
  26. du jiangping
  27. liu qi
  28. miao yunlong
  29. huang qiaoqiao
  30. chen lin
  31. duan binyao
  32. li ting
  33. zeng zhi
  34. xing xueqing
  35. luo jingyan
  36. liu shutian
  37. gao xiaoqing
  38. chen zhen
  39. luo guoqiang -1-1-1
  40. she xiao
  41. he yunfeng
  42. liu ying
  43. du yuan
  44. li jiayi
  45. tao yao
  46. xu xinwen
  47. ou huang
  48. liu peini
  49. jiang ziqiang
  50. zhang huifang
  51. liu chao
  52. liu yunxi
  53. luo jiaxin
  54. li mei
  55. zeng xiaohui
  56. huang yixuan
  57. chen anqi
  58. chen ting
  59. zhang mai
  60. yuan xiaolin -1-1
  61. li mingfeng
  62. dai yexun-1-1
  63. yang pei -1
  64. tang yan
  65. xiang jianning-1
  66. liu chang -1
  67. wang yuxin
  68. lv jiahao-1
  69. dong jiating
  70. lu wei
  71. yang yue
  72. guo cili
  73. shen shuai
  74. Ouyang yihong
  75. li zihan -1
  76. zuo fang
  77. fu sihui
  78. xiao zixin -1
  79. zhou tianyi -1
  80. qi zhiyang -1-1
  81. liu pei
  82. gong wei
  83. chen sisi
  84. huang sinan
  85. xiao yikang
  86. yu jingfang
  87. luo sicheng
  88. yang jiahong
  89. yan jidong
  90. xiao yawen
  91. geng hongmei
  92. zhou le
  93. qiu ping
  94. wang huaixing
  95. wang xinyu
  96. chu hanqi
  97. wu jiating
  98. zhang meiling
  99. liu jianan
  100. song xin
  101. zhao qi
  102. zheng jinlian
  103. li linyao

Session 04 Fri Mar 14 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations

  1. Topic 260：Wedding Dress in the Song Dynasty(Liu Chao)Media:260 The Wedding Dress in the Song Dynasty.pptx
  2. Topic 146: Traditional crafts: Xiang embroidery 1386(Zhang Huifang) Media:Hunan_embroidery_spring_2025.pptx
  3. Topic 153:Traditional Cuisine: Eight Major Cuisines of China 1456 (Zheng Kaiwu)Media:Media Eight Major Cuisines of China.pptx
  4. Topic 233: Traditional Chinese Pigments (Cao Yuan)Media:Traditional Chinese Pigments.pptx
  5. Topic 182: Chinese Economy: rich businessmen (Fu Sihui) Media:Rich_Businessmen_Spring_2025.pptx
  6. Topic 156: Traditional Cuisine: Tanghulu, Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick p. 1491 (Xiao Zixin) Media:Tanghulu_Spring_2025.pptx
  7. Topic 138: Social: Round Table Culture 1317 (Wu Jiating) Media:Round_Table_Culture_Spring_2025.pptx
  8. Topic 174: Jiaozi (Liu Pei) Media:Dumplings_Spring_2025.pptx
  9. 133.Silk and Porcelain: Celadon and “Celadon Song”青花瓷歌词（Wang Huaixing)

Session 05 Fri Mar 21 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations

  1. Topic 50: Games: Go 围棋 462（Zhao Qi） Media:Weiqi_Go_Spring_2025.pptx
  2. Topic 110:Opera: Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang 1050 (Dai shiru)Media:Opera Peking Opera Actor Mei Lanfang.pptx
  3. Topic 131: Silk and porcelain: Silk (Fei Xinyu) Media:Silk_Spring_2025.pptx
  4. Topic 224: Chinese Food：Jiangxi Cuisine（赣菜）(Liao Dan) Media:Jiangxi_Cuisine_Spring_2025.pptx
  5. Topic 169: Cuisine: Luosifen 1593 (Chen Sisi) ） Media:Luosifen_Spring_2025.pptx
  6. Topic 167: History: Wang Shouren 1573 （Lv Jiahao)Media:History_Wang_Shouren_.pptx
  7. Topic 183: Jiangxi Gan Opera （Wang Xinyu） Media:Jiangxi Gan opera.pptx
  8. Topic 165: Worship: Chinese Incense Culture (She Xiao) Media:Chinese Incense Culture.pptx
  9. 133.Silk and Porcelain: Celadon and “Celadon Song”青花瓷歌词（Wang Huaixing) [Media: Silk and Porcelain]

Session 06 Fri Mar 28 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations

  1. Topic 188:Mobile Games 手游 1783 （Du Jiangping）
  2. Topic 191:Aesthetic ideals and social customs: The Culture of Flowers 1807 (Qiu Ping）
  3. Topic 193:Science and Technology: Buytogether（PDD) 1825(Qi Zhiyang)
  4. Topic 195:Sports: Cuju (蹴鞠) 1845 （Ouyang Yihong)Media: Cuju.pptx
  5. Topic 202:The Legend of Zhen Huan 《甄嬛传》 1845 (Xiang Jianning)Media: The Legend of Zhen Huan.pptx
  6. Topic 203:Chinese horror movies 中式恐怖片 1845 (Zhang Jiaxin)Media: Chinese Horror Movies.pptx
  7. Topic 185:Opera: Huangmei opera 1752 （Chu Hanqi）
  8. Topic 181:Animals：Golden Monkey 1712（Xiao Yawen）
  9. Topic 196:The culture of Chinese Electric Vehicles 中国电动汽车 1845（Geng Hongmei)

HOLIDAY Session 07 Fri Apr 04 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations

清明节4月4日——4月6日

Session 08 Fri Apr 11 14:30-16:10 Zhishan Bldg. room 303 - Student presentations

  1. Topic 133:Silk and Porcelain: Celadon and “Celadon Song”青花瓷歌词（Wang Huaixing）
  2. Topic 179:Traditional and Modern Views on Marriage and Love（Liu Yunxi）Media:Traditional and Modern Views on Marriage and Love .pptx
  3. Topic 181:Animals：Golden Monkey(Xiao Yawen)
  4. Topic 196:The culture of Chinese Electric Vehicles 中国电动汽车 1845（Geng Hongmei)
  5. Topic 204:Stand-up comedy 单口喜剧 1845（Huang Sinan）
  6. Topic 220:Rice cake 年糕 (Dong Jiating)
  7. Topic 208:Chinese traditional ornament: Buyao(Yang Jing)
  8. Topic 209:Tofu meatball with nia blood(Li Ting2)Media:Pig_Blood_Balls.pptx
  9. Topic 212:Education：training Schools （教育：补习班） 1845 (Huang Yixuan2) Media:Training classes .pptx

Session 09 Fri Apr 18 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations

  1. Topic 213: Chinese Dreamcore (Zhang Zixi)
  2. Topic 215: Live-streaming e-commerce (Tao Yao)Media:Live-Streaming E-Commerce.pptx
  3. Topic 216: The Story of Ming Lan (Ye Sitong)Media:The Story of Minglan.pptx
  4. Topic 218: Guangdong Herbal tea (Gao Xiaoqing)
  5. Topic 219: Chinese traditional art form：Seal carving（篆刻） (Huang Qiaoqiao)Media:Seal carving.pptx
  6. Topic 207: Shan Dong Cuisine (Lu Wei)
  7. Topic 221: Zhongyuan Festival (Ou Huang)Media:The Zhongyuan Festival.pptx
  8. Topic 223: The Return of the Pearl Princess (Lu Jiahui)Media:The Return of the Pearl Princess.pptx

Session 10 Fri Apr 25 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations

  1. Topic 217: Cha Bai Xi/Tea Latte Art（茶百戏）(Yang Jiahong)
  2. Topic 225: Cun Chao": China's village football league（“村超”：中国乡村足球联赛）(Shen Shuai)
  3. Topic 227: Chinese Bossy Fictions & Micro-drama（中国式霸总小说&短剧） 1845 (He Yunfeng)Media:Chinese_Bossy_Fictions_and_Microdramas.pptx
  4. Topic 229: Jingdezhen Porcelain(Xiao Luyu)Media:Jingdezhen Porcelain.pptx
  5. Topic 230: Gayageum（伽倻琴）(Zhang Meiling)
  6. Topic 231: The plague and couplet in Chinese garden(Wang Yuxin)
  7. Topic 232: Sun Wukong(Li Yuan)
  8. Topic 234: Dragon Lantern Dance(Jin Yichen)Media:Jin Yichen Dragon Lantern Dance.pptx
  9. Topic 235: Bamboo Weaving(Chen Anqi)
  10. Topic 236: Landscapes and Tourism: Harbin Ice and Snow World(Xu Xinwen)

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HOLIDAY Session 11 Fri May 02 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations

劳动节5月1日——5月5日

Session 12 Tue May 06 10:00-11:40 room 613 - Student presentations

  1. Topic 238: Three Famous Chinese Mountains(Liu Chang)
  2. Topic 239: Female emperor-Wu Zetian(女皇武则天)(Song Xin) Media:Wu Zetian.pptx
  3. Topic 240: Clay sculpture (泥塑）(Chen Lin)Media:Clay Sculpture.pptx
  4. Topic 242: Hunan Rice Noodles(Gong Wei)Media:Hunan Rice Noodles.pptx
  5. Topic 244: Chinese Popular Memes(中国网络流行热梗）(Xiao Yikang)Media:Chinese popular Memes.pptx
  6. Topic 245: Douzhi (豆汁)(Li Linyao)Media:Douzhi.pptx
  7. Topic 246: New Year Wood-block Paintings(Du Yuan)
  8. Topic 247: Carved lacquer（雕漆）(Liu Qi)Media:Carved lacquer.pptx
  9. Topic 237: Braised Chicken Rice (黄焖鸡米饭-Huang Men Ji Mifan)(Li Zihan)

Regarding Wu Zetian‘s blank Steele

关于武则天的“无字碑”（又称“无字碑记”）为何没有刻字，学界和民间流传着几种主要的假设： #功过自有后人评说（最广为流传）：武则天希望后世自己来评价她的一生，不愿由自己或当时的人定论。这种说法强调了她的自信与超越常规。 #避讳批评或争议：武则天是中国历史上唯一的女皇帝，争议颇多。她可能认为无论写什么内容都容易引发非议，因此选择不刻字以避免争议。 #彰显佛教思想：她信奉佛教，而佛教讲究“空”与“无”，无字碑可能象征“空性”或“无常”，体现她的宗教哲学。 #未来自我书写：也有人猜测她原计划晚年或死前再刻碑文，但去世后未及实现，遂留下空碑。 #彰显权力与独特性：无字碑作为一种非同寻常的表达形式，也可视为权力和个性的象征，显示她与众不同的统治地位。

⸻

English Translation:

There are several main hypotheses about why Wu Zetian’s stele (often called the “Wordless Stele”) bears no inscription:

  1. “Let future generations judge” (most popular view): Wu Zetian may have wanted her life and legacy to be judged by later generations rather than writing her own praise. This interpretation highlights her confidence and forward-thinking.
  2. To avoid criticism or controversy: As the only female emperor in Chinese history, Wu Zetian was a controversial figure. She may have felt that any written content could provoke criticism, so she left it blank.
  3. Reflecting Buddhist philosophy: A devout Buddhist, she may have chosen to leave the stele blank as a symbol of “emptiness” or impermanence, ideas central to Buddhist thought.
  4. Intended to write later: Some believe she planned to inscribe it later in life but passed away before doing so, leaving the monument unfinished.
  5. Symbol of power and uniqueness: A blank stele could also serve as a unique and powerful statement, emphasizing her exceptional status and breaking with traditional forms.

Session 13 Fri May 09 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations

  1. Topic 248: Jing Gang Mountain (井冈山）(Yu Jingfang) Media:Jing_Gang_Mountain_Spring_2025.pptx
  2. Topic 251: Rice noodle roll (Li Mingfeng)Media:Rice_Noodle_Roll.pptx
  3. Topic 252: Traditional Cuisine: Northeastern Chinese Cuisine (Liu Shutian)
  4. Topic 253: Yuelu Mountain (Chen Ting)
  5. Topic 254: Traditional Crafts：Tie-Dye (Zhang Qi)Media:Traditional Crafts Tie-Dye.pptx
  6. Topic 255: Chinese-style sun protection (Zhao Yashi)
  7. Topic 256: Danmu（弹幕）(Zhou Le)Media:Danmu.pptx
  8. Topic 259: Female Writers: Zhang Ailing, Chen Ping, Lin Yihan and Li Bihua (Zhou Tianyi)
  9. Topic 214: Luban China's inventor (Cai Yichun)

Session 14 Fri May 23 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Student presentations

  1. Topic 262: The Four Pillars of Destiny(Li Jiayi)
  2. Topic 263: Shaolin Temple(Zuo Fang)
  3. Topic 265: Cuisine: Changde spicy salted duck(Xing Xueqing)
  4. 15:25-15:30 Topic 266: Hui Culture (徽文化)(Liu Jianan)Media:Hui Culture.pptx
  5. 15:30- Topic 267: Ma Zu Culture (妈祖文化)(Yan Jidong)Media:Mazu culture.pptx
  6. 15:35- Topic 268: Table manner(Luo Yan)
  7. 15:40- Topic 270: Yinge Dance(Jiang Xinyue)
  8. 15:45- Topic 271: Palace Lantern(Shao Keyuan)
  9. 15:50- Topic 272: Chinese Endearing Terms(Zeng Zhi)Media:Chinese Endearing Terms.pptx

15:55-16:10 Check final exam paper topics

Session 15 Tue May 27 10:00-11:30 中和楼 213 (moved from Fri May 30 14:30-16:10 room 613) - Student presentations

  1. Topic 273: Changsha Stinky Tofu（长沙臭豆腐）(Luo Sicheng)
  2. Topic 274: God of wealth(Liu Ying)
  3. Topic 275: Zhua zhou (抓周）(Zeng Xiaohui)
  4. Topic 276: Nail art(Luo Jiaxin)Media:Nail_Art.pptx
  5. Topic 277: Mirror(Cheng Sixiang)
  6. Topic 278: The Beef Board Noodles(Yan Xiang)
  7. Topic 279: Huo Qubing(Luo Jingyan)
  8. Topic 280: Chinese Courtyard Houses（中国四合院）(Guo Cili)Media:Chinese Courtyard Houses-Guo Cili.pptx
  9. Topic 281: yangqin(Dai Yexun)

Session 15b

  1. Topic 282: Black Myth: Wukong(Chen Zhen)
  2. Topic 283: Guangdong Morning Tea Culture(Yuan Xiaolin)
  3. Topic 283: Guangdong Morning Tea Culture （广东早茶文化）(Zheng Jinlian)Media:Guangdong Morning Tea Culture-Zheng Jinlian.pptx
  4. Topic:(Luo Guoqiang)

Session 16 Fri Jun 6 14:30-16:10 room 613 - Final Exam

Grading Criteria for Powerpoint Presentations

  1. Was the presentation based on scientific facts, did the presenter also conduct some research on the topic and did he/she also add her own experience or her own opinion/perspective and marking the two different perspectives as factual/subjective? Did the presentation avoid absolute judgments like "good" or "best", but did it instead use vocabulary like "fascinating", "surprising" etc. and also indicated to whom it is fascinating/surprising etc. and why?
  2. Was the presentation successful? Did it catch the attention of the audience over the whole time? Was the presenter persuading? Was the audience excited/fascinated? Did the audience learn something? (Or was the audience bored and talked the whole time without paying attention to the presenter?)
  3. Formal things: Was the speaker good to hear (loud/clear)? Did he make a self-confident impression and did he know his topic? Did the speaker speak freely and not read out? Where there meaningful pictures and graphs on the slides and only a few keywords, well sorted by numbers or bullet points (or was the powerpoint merely a text desert of small size script with the script being copied onto the slides)?
  4. Was the presentation appropriate to the topic?
  5. Was the activity part meaningful and appropriate to the topic? Did it speak to everyone in the audience individually?
  6. Was the presentation not too short and not too long in time, but as long as the other presentations, so that all presentations of the day could be presented?
  7. Did the presentation consider the same cultural phenomenon both in China and in other countries, at least as a comparison?
  8. Did the presentation avoid mistakes like reading out text in a boring way, pronounciation mistakes, typos in the English text?
  9. Did you indicate the sources you have used at least on the last page of your presentation in the form of a list?
  10. Did you upload your ppt file successfully (if not, did you contact the teaching assistant to upload)?
  11. Did you present your ppt file in the full screen mode?
  12. Did you arrive early in classroom to copy your file onto the desktop of the class computer and did you check it and also any embedded or accompanying video files etc. if everything works properly including sound?
  13. Did the presentation avoid deadly mistakes like plagiarism, using ai without indicating it (if you use ai to create the presentation, you need to indicate the platform and the full prompt you gave to ai and the main adjustments you did to the prompt), using ideology, patriotism, politics, religious beliefs, advertisement for products, ignorance (e.g. that a cultural phenomenon is wide spread in Asia and the origin is unclear, but claiming it was Chinese and originated in China), racism, prejudices, telling lies, spreading false rumors etc.?

How to write your final exam paper?

Just write it like the other chapters in the textbook on your personal wiki homepage beneath the learning progress diary until June 20, 2025 (deadline).

About 1000 words in English, followed by a Chinese translation (no machine translation). You can also write in Chinese and translate into English. Both texts need to be like the other papers in the textbook.

Sections

Title, student name, Abstract, Main part, illustrations, Terms and Expressions, Questions, Answers, References, and AI Statement.

The AI statement should look like this:

I hereby guarantee that I have not used the help of AI to write my final paper in this course.

or, if you actually use AI

How about letting AI write for me?

Your AI statement in the References section needs to look like this:

To help me to write my final paper, I have used the following AI chatbot: ... I have prompted the chatbot with the following prompt: "..." I found the following problems with the outcome: ... I have adjusted the output by the following measures (revising prompt as: "...." or manually correcting the following references: ... Written the following passage new: ...).

If you use AI, not your paper will be graded, but your prompt and adjustments

References

  • Please add the sources in the form "(Wang 2020, 445)" behind each paragraph and with a long entry in the References section.
  • In the References section, please add at least 1-2 Western sources. It is always good to relate the Chinese tradition to similar traditions in other countries.
  • In the English version of your References, please add the Pinyin to the Chinese names and titles. Everything needs to be readable in English characters.

Formatting

  • Please also add free lines at places where you want to have a line break, e.g. after a header.


Chin_Lang_Cult_Fin_Exam_Spring_2025 

                                                                     Liuyang Fireworks             
   “When flaming trees join silver flowers in one blaze, and bridges of stars unlock their iron gates,” fireworks have, since ancient times, embodied humanity’s yearning for prosperity and blessings. These luminous spectacles paint the night sky with dreamlike beauty, symbolizing hopes for a better life. When it comes to fireworks, one cannot overlook Liuyang, a city renowned as the “Home of Chinese Fireworks.” With over a thousand years of craftsmanship, Liuyang has given birth to fireworks that captivate the world.
    The origins of Liuyang fireworks can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty. Legend has it that Li Tian, revered as the “Forefather Saint of Firecrackers,” filled bamboo tubes with gunpowder to dispel plagues. The explosive force and resulting smoke were believed to purify the environment, marking the rudiments of firecrackers. Through generations of inheritance and innovation, Liuyang’s artisans continuously refined their craft. From the rudimentary bamboo-tube firecrackers of old times to the “string firecrackers” wrapped in paper and hemp stems during the Song Dynasty, and finally to today’s vibrant, intricately designed displays, Liuyang fireworks chronicle the evolution of traditional Chinese craftsmanship. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Liuyang’s fireworks industry thrived, becoming a cornerstone of local handicrafts and expanding its reach nationwide and abroad. In the first year of the Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty, Liuyang firecrackers were selected as imperial tributes, a testament to their superior quality. By the Qianlong era, they dominated the Hunan region, and during the Guangxu period, exports reached Asian countries like Japan, India, and Korea.

A millennium of heritage has not only bestowed profound cultural depth upon Liuyang fireworks but also forged their unique brand identity. In 2006, the art of Liuyang fireworks craftsmanship was inscribed on China’s first batch of National Intangible Cultural Heritage lists, acknowledging its invaluable cultural significance. Today, Liuyang stands as the world’s largest production, trade, and research hub for fireworks. Home to over 400 manufacturing enterprises and thousands of associated businesses, it generates an annual output value exceeding 50 billion RMB, accounting for 70% of China’s total fireworks exports. These products reach more than 100 countries across the Americas, Europe, and Southeast Asia, solidifying Liuyang’s reputation as the global epicenter of fireworks. 

   However, the modern era presents new challenges for the fireworks industry. Safety and environmental protection have emerged as critical constraints. Historically, Liuyang’s fireworks relied on family-run workshops, posing significant safety risks. To address this, the local government relocated enterprises to mountainous areas, promoting industrial standardization, scale, and modernization. Leveraging big data and AI, they established comprehensive, intelligent supervision systems to ensure safety at every production stage. In terms of environmental protection, Liuyang’s enterprises collaborated with prestigious universities, such as Nanjing University of Science and Technology and Beijing Institute of Technology, to develop new materials, techniques, and products. Their efforts have led to the creation of low-smoke, sulfur-free, and low-dust fireworks, redefining the industry’s ecological footprint.
   In response to market shifts and technological advancements, a new generation of Liuyang’s “fireworks innovators” drives industry transformation. They have introduced products like “Urban Fireworks,” designed for urban settings. These safe, eco-friendly items blend aesthetic appeal with social interactivity, winning favor among young consumers. Innovating sales strategies, they integrate online and offline channels, utilizing “new retail” stores, Vlogs, and video platforms to reach wider audiences. Additionally, Liuyang has developed a “fireworks economy,” integrating pyrotechnics with cultural tourism. Since 2023, weekly weekend fireworks show at the Sky Theater have hosted over a hundred events, attracting 5 million visitors and generating 15 billion yuan in revenue. These shows combine cutting-edge technologies like drones and AI with cultural IPs, creating immersive experiences that have transformed Liuyang fireworks from a regional brand into a global cultural icon.
   Emerging from the depths of history, Liuyang fireworks embrace the new era with innovation as their brush and culture as their ink. Against the backdrop of safety and sustainability, they paint a future more resplendent than ever. Serving as Liuyang’s cultural ambassador and a vivid example of traditional Chinese culture’s modern evolution, Liuyang fireworks continue to shine brightly, a timeless beacon of human ingenuity.

                                                                           浏阳烟花
  “火树银花合，星桥铁锁开。” 烟花，自古以来就承载着人们对美好生活的向往与祝福，在夜空中绽放出如梦如幻的美景。而提及烟花，就不得不提湖南浏阳 —— 这座被誉为 “中国烟花之乡” 的城市，它以千余年的烟花制作历史，孕育出了享誉全球的浏阳烟花。
   浏阳烟花的历史，最早可追溯到唐代。相传，“爆竹祖师” 李畋为驱散疫病，将火药装填于竹筒之中，利用爆炸产生的气浪与硝烟来改善环境，这便是鞭炮的雏形。此后，经过历代浏阳人的传承与创新，烟花制作工艺不断改进。从最初简单的竹筒爆竹，发展到宋代用纸筒和麻茎裹火药编成的 “编炮”，再到后来色彩斑斓、造型各异的烟花，浏阳烟花的发展历程见证了中国传统手工艺的演变与进步。到了明清时期，浏阳烟花的生产已颇具规模，成为当地重要的手工行业，并逐渐走向全国乃至世界。清雍正元年，浏阳鞭炮因其制作精良，被选为贡品，这无疑是对其品质的极高赞誉。至乾隆年间，浏阳花炮已称雄于湖南的三湘四水；光绪年间，更是达到极盛时期，产品远销日本、印度、朝鲜等亚洲国家。
   千年的历史传承，不仅让浏阳烟花积累了深厚的文化底蕴，更铸就了其独特的品牌魅力。2006 年，浏阳花炮制作技艺列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录，这是对浏阳烟花文化价值的高度认可。如今，浏阳已成为全球最大的烟花爆竹生产贸易基地和科研中心，拥有 400 余家烟花生产企业及上千家产业链上下游企业，花炮年产值超 500 亿元，出口占全国出口总量的 70%，产品销往美洲、欧洲、东南亚等 100 多个国家和地区，“世界烟花看浏阳” 的美誉名副其实。
   然而，随着时代的发展，烟花产业也面临着诸多挑战。安全与环保，成为了制约其发展的两大关键因素。过去，浏阳烟花多以家庭式作坊生产为主，安全隐患较大。为了改变这一现状，浏阳市政府果断采取措施，将烟花企业 “赶上山”，推动产业向工厂化、规模化、标准化发展。同时，借助大数据监控和人工智能平台，实现了对烟花爆竹生产全过程、全方位、智能化的安全监管。在环保方面，浏阳烟花企业积极开展科研攻关，与南京理工大学、北京理工大学等高等院校广泛合作，研发新材料、新工艺、新产品，致力于打造低碳、绿色、环保的烟花新形象。如今，微烟、无硫、少尘已成为浏阳烟花生产的关键词。
   面对市场变化和技术革新，新一代浏阳 “烟花人” 积极创新，推动烟花产业转型升级。一方面，他们重新定义产品，推出了 “城市烟花” 等适合城市休闲场景的新产品，这类产品安全性高、污染小，且有颜值与社交属性，深受年轻消费者喜爱。另一方面，创新销售方式，通过打造 “新零售” 门店、拍摄 Vlog、搭建视频号矩阵等线上线下融合的方式，让烟花走进更多消费者的世界。此外，浏阳还大力发展 “烟花经济”，将烟花与文化旅游产业深度融合。自 2023 年以来，每周六在天空剧院推出的周末焰火秀，已累计举办各类焰火燃放活动百余场，吸引游客 500 万人次，拉动消费 150 亿元。创意焰火秀通过与无人机、AI 等新科技相结合，以及融入国风、虚拟人物、热门影视等 IP 元素，为观众带来了一场场精彩纷呈的沉浸式视觉盛宴，也让浏阳花炮实现了从区域性品牌向国际知名 IP 的蝶变升级。
   从历史深处走来的浏阳烟花，在新时代的浪潮中，正以创新为笔，以文化为墨，在安全与环保的底色上，描绘出更加绚烂多彩的未来画卷。它不仅是浏阳的城市名片，更是中国传统文化在现代社会中传承与发展的生动例证，绽放永不落幕的璀璨光芒。
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